hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vinyl FM
Vinyl FM is a Swedish radio station founded in September 1994. Vinyl FM is part of the Bauer Media Group. It focuses on mostly American hits from the 60s and the 70s. In March 2003, Vinyl FM was awarded "Radio Station of the year" by the Radio Awards jury. Vinyl FM is only oldies station and one of the largest local stations in Stockholm. It also has a station in Linköping.

In 1994 the ratings was 3.6%, today the ratings are 5% of the total Stockholm market.

Bauer Media Group
Heinrich Bauer Publishing (German: Heinrich Bauer Verlag KG), trading as Bauer Media Group, is a German multimedia conglomerate headquartered in Hamburg. It operates worldwide and owns more than 600 magazines, over 400 digital products and 50 radio and TV stations, as well as print shops, postal, distribution and marketing services. It also operates out-of-home advertising across Europe, following its takeover of Clear Channel Europe in April 2025. Bauer has a workforce of approximately 11,000 in 17 countries.

Bauer Verlagsgruppe has been managed by five generations of the Bauer family. In November 2010, Heinz Heinrich's daughter Yvonne Bauer became CEO and 85% owner of the Bauer Media Group after joining the family business in 2005.

In February 2021, Bauer Media Group announced it was to acquire Ireland's Communicorp Group, subject to regulatory approval. The acquisition was completed on 1 June 2021.
Kemeny method
The Kemeny method is an electoral system that uses ranked ballots and pairwise comparison counts to identify the most popular choices in an election.  It is a Condorcet method because if there is a Condorcet winner, it will always be ranked as the most popular choice.

This method assigns a score for each possible sequence, where each sequence considers which choice might be most popular, which choice might be second-most popular, which choice might be third-most popular, and so on down to which choice might be least-popular.  The sequence that has the highest score is the winning sequence, and the first choice in the winning sequence is the most popular choice.  (As explained below, ties can occur at any ranking level.)

The Kemeny method is also known as the Kemeny-Young rule, VoteFair popularity ranking, the maximum likelihood method, and the median relation.

Smith set
The Smith set, sometimes called the top-cycle generalizes the idea of a Condorcet winner to cases where no such winner exists. It does so by allowing cycles of candidates to be treated jointly, as if they were a single Condorcet winner. Voting systems that always elect a candidate from the Smith set pass the Smith criterion. The Smith set and Smith criterion are both named for mathematician John H. Smith.

The Smith set provides one standard of optimal choice for an election outcome. An alternative, stricter criterion is given by the Landau set.
Witta, son of Wecta
Witta son of Wecta is mentioned as a Jutish chieftain in the 449 entry of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as the father of Wihtgils and the grandfather of Hengest and Horsa.  He also appears in the same role in Henry of Huntingdon's Historia Anglorum. He is most probably mythological, but as a historical person he would have been born around 400 AD.

Wecta
Wecta (Old English: Wægdæg, Old Norse: Vegdagr) is a figure mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Historia Brittonum.

Wecta is considered mythological, though he shows up in the genealogies as a Saxon ancestor of Hengest and Horsa and the kings of Kent, as well as of Aella of Deira and his son Edwin of Northumbria.

Wecta appears in the Prologue to the Prose Edda as Vegdeg, one of Woden's sons, a mighty king who ruled East Saxony. Although Wecta is mentioned as the father of Witta and the grandfather of Wihtgils in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Historia Brittonum, the Prose Edda and the Anglian collection of Anglo-Saxon genealogies reverses the order of Witta and Wihtgils in the genealogy.
Touques, Calvados
Touques (French pronunciation: [tuk] ⓘ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It is situated on the river Touques, 3 km southeast of the sea resort Deauville.

Deauville
Deauville (French pronunciation: [dovil] ⓘ) is a commune in the Calvados department, Normandy, northwestern France. Major attractions include its harbour, race course, marinas, conference centre, villas, Grand Casino, and hotels. The first Deauville Asian Film Festival took place in 1999. As the closest seaside resort to Paris, Deauville is one of the most notable seaside resorts in France. The city and its region of the Côte Fleurie (Flowery Coast) have long been home to the French upper class's seaside houses and is often referred to as the Parisian riviera.

Since the 19th century, the town of Deauville has been a fashionable holiday resort for the international upper class. In France, it is perhaps most well-known for its role in Proust's In Search of Lost Time.
Miami Beach Towers
Miami Beach Towers (Chinese: 邁亞美海灣) is a private housing estate located in Tuen Mun, New Territories, Hong Kong near Light Rail Tuen Mun Ferry Pier stop. It was built by Sino Land on land reclaimed from Castle Peak Bay.

Castle Peak Bay
Castle Peak Bay (Chinese: 青山灣) is a bay outside Tuen Mun. Tuen Mun River empties into the bay. In the past, many Tanka fishermen harboured at the bay.

In 1513, explorer Jorge Álvares arrived in the Pearl River Delta and started a Portuguese settlement, Tamão. One source specifically states that it was located at the "bay of Tunmen ... now called Castle Peak".

There are several barbecue sites and recreation facilities near the bay including the Castle Peak Beach and other beaches. Castle Peak Bay is served by MTR Bus routes K51, K58, Kowloon Motor Bus 52X and 53.
SS M.I.T. Victory
The SS M. I. T. Victory was a Victory ship built during World War II and used as a troop transport.  She was later named USAT MIT Victory and finally USAT Lt. Alexander R. Nininger.  Note: In 1944 there was a different transport ship named Alexander R. Nininger Jr..

USNS Sgt. George D. Keathley
USNS Sgt. George D. Keathley, was a World War II United States cargo vessel that was used for troop transport and later converted to a survey vessel.  She was laid down and launched as MS Alexander R. Nininger, Jr., then renamed MS Acorn Knot.  She was put into US Army service as USAT Acorn Knot, then renamed USAT Sgt. George D. Keathley.  She was transferred to the US Navy and became USNS Sgt. George D. Keathley (T-APC-117), but was later re-designated T-AGS-35.  She was leased to the Republic of China, where she served as Chu Hwa (AGS-564).  Both Nininger and Keathley were posthumous Medal of Honor recipients.
German submarine Bremen
Bremen was a blockade-breaking German merchant submarine of World War I. Developed with private funds and operated by the Norddeutscher Lloyd Line, she was one of the first of seven U-151-class U-boats built and one of only two used as unarmed cargo submarines.

Merchant submarine
A merchant submarine is a type of submarine intended for trade, and being without armaments, it is not considered a warship like most other types of submarines. The intended use would be blockade running, or to dive under Arctic ice.

Strictly speaking, only two submarines have so far been purpose-built for non-military merchant shipping use, outside of criminal enterprises, though standard or partly converted military submarines have been used to transport smaller amounts of important cargo, especially during wartime, and large-scale proposals for modern merchant submarines have been produced by manufacturers. Criminal enterprises have also built transport submarines to avoid authorities, such as narcosubs.
2024 Rose of Tralee
The 2024 Rose of Tralee was the 64th edition of the annual Irish international festival held on 19–20 August 2024. The competition was televised live on RTÉ television. It was the second year of co-hosts with Kathryn Thomas joining Dáithí Ó Sé on stage.

The New Zealand Rose, 21-year-old Speech and Language Therapy student Keely O'Grady, was named as the 2024 International Rose of Tralee. This gave New Zealand its first victory at the event since 1988 and its third win overall. It was also the first Oceanic victory at the event since 2011.

The television audience for the final night peaked at 599,100 viewers on RTÉ One, while an average audience of 543,000 watched after the Nine O'Clock News on RTÉ One.

Rose of Tralee (festival)
The Rose of Tralee International Festival is an annual celebration of Irish women held in Tralee in County Kerry featuring contestants from Ireland or from the Irish diaspora.

The festival takes its inspiration from a 19th-century ballad of the same name about a woman called Mary, who because of her beauty was called "The Rose of Tralee". The words of the song are credited to C. Mordaunt Spencer and the music to Charles William Glover, but a story circulated in connection with the festival claims that the song was written by William Pembroke Mulchinock, a wealthy Protestant, out of love for Mary O'Connor, a poor Catholic maid in service to his parents.
Mohave War
The Mohave War was an armed conflict between the Mohave people and the United States from 1858 to 1859. With the California Gold Rush of 1849, thousands of American settlers headed west through Mohave country and into California. The influx of migrants passing through, combined with simple misunderstandings, led to conflict. Fort Mohave on the Arizona side of the Colorado River was built for operations against the Mohave and was the second American military post established on the river after Fort Yuma. Eventually advantages in weaponry and tactics brought the Mohave and their allies to surrender. After the signing of a peace treaty in 1859, the Mohave no longer opposed the United States through warfare. The peace also ended a long guerrilla war between the Mohave and the Maricopa of south central Arizona.

Mohave people
Mohave or Mojave (Mojave: Aha Makhav) are a Native American people from the Colorado River region of the Mojave Desert in Arizona, California, and Nevada. They are enrolled in the federally recognized tribes, the Fort Mojave Indian Tribe of Arizona, California & Nevada and the Colorado River Indian Tribes of the Colorado River Indian Reservation.

Their Mojave language belongs to the Yuman language family.

The original Colorado River and Fort Mojave reservations were established in 1865 and 1870. Both reservations include substantial senior water rights for the Colorado River.
Alanson W. Beard
Alanson Wilder Beard (August 20, 1825 – August 27, 1900) was an American who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, as Collector of Customs at the Port of Boston and as the Treasurer of Massachusetts.

Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts
The treasurer and receiver-general of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of treasurer and receiver-general (commonly called the "state treasurer") became an elective one in 1780. Sixty-one individuals have occupied the office of state treasurer over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is Deb Goldberg, a Democrat who took office January 21, 2015.
Arapawa sheep
The Arapawa Sheep is a breed of feral sheep found primarily on Arapaoa Island (formerly called Arapawa Island) in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand. The New Zealand Rare Breeds Conservation Society classifies it as "rare". This breed is raised primarily for wool.

There have been many theories about the origin of the sheep. It was once thought that they were most likely descendants of Merinos introduced from Australia in 1867. Other theories were that they are from the Middle East introduced by whalers who were based on the island from the 1820s, or even that they were brought by a Spanish galleon as early as the 16th century.

Genetic research has shown that their closest relative is the Florida Gulf Coast Native sheep. This supports the idea that they were brought by whalers in the early 19th century.

Gulf Coast Native sheep
The Gulf Coast Native is a breed of sheep found in the U.S. states bordering the Gulf Coast. Also occasionally known as the Louisiana Scrub, Pineywoods Native or simply Gulf Coast sheep, the breed is a mix of many of the sheep varieties brought to the Southern United States during the European colonization of the region. It is now an exceedingly rare breed, but one valuable for its ability to adapt to the hot humid climate of the Gulf Coast.
Bicyrtes viduatus
Bicyrtes viduatus is a species of sand wasp in the family Bembicidae.  It is found in Central America.

It is characterized by a pale yellow coloration, while lacking the thoracic "smiley face" pattern present on Bicyrtes capnopterus and Bicyrtes ventralis, the other two species in Bicyrtes having a yellow coloration. Additionally, the submarginal cell is clouded, while the wings remain largely clear.

Bembicidae
The Bembicidae comprise a large family of apoid wasps that includes over 80 genera and over 1800 species, which have a worldwide distribution. They excavate nests in soil, frequently in sandy soil, and store insects of several orders—for example Diptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Odonata—in the burrows. Some species are kleptoparasites of other Bembicidae. The different subgroups of Bembicidae are each quite distinctive, and rather well defined, with clear morphological and behavioral differences between them.
Blechnum appendiculatum
Blechnum appendiculatum is a fern in the family Blechnaceae. It is commonly known as hammock fern, sinkhole fern, and New World midsorus fern. Its native range is from the southern United States through Mexico, the Caribbean and Central America to western South America. It grows in rocky hammocks and moist forests.

Blechnaceae
Blechnaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Its status as a family and the number of genera included have both varied considerably. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family has 24 genera, and excludes genera placed in the separate family Onocleaceae. The family is divided into three subfamilies, including Blechnoideae s.s. Alternatively, the entire family may be treated as the subfamily Blechnoideae s.l. of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, and include genera others place in Onocleaceae.
Chor Yuen
Chor Yuen (Chinese: 楚原), born Cheung Po-kin (張寶堅; 8 October 1934 – 21 February 2022), was a Hong Kong film director, screenwriter, and actor. Chor is credited with over 120 films as director, over 70 films as a writer and over 40 films as an actor.

File of Justice
The File of Justice (壹號皇庭) is a series of Hong Kong legal drama produced by TVB. There were 5 seasons produced, the first was aired in 1992 spanning 13 episodes. The series revolves around a group of lawyers and legal personnel with stories interwoven between their personal lives and the court cases (usually one that involves murder) in which they're engaged.

It was also noteworthy that first 2 murder cases in the first series ended in capital punishment because it was not abolished in Hong Kong until 1993, yet the last punishment carried out was back in 1966.

This series was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown artists in guest starring or minor roles, who later went on to greater success in film, television or music including Gordon Lam, Leo Ku, Wayne Lai, Joe Ma, Ruco Chan, Kenny Wong.

The theme music is an instrumental version of "Your Latest Trick" by Dire Straits.
2000 World Club Challenge
The 2000 World Club Challenge was contested by 1999 NRL season premiers, the Melbourne Storm and 1999's Super League IV champions, St. Helens. The match was played on 22 January at JJB Stadium, Wigan before a crowd of 13,394. The Melbourne Storm defeated St Helens 44 - 6. This was the first World Club Challenge since 1997 and the Super League war.

1999 NRL season
The 1999 NRL season was the 92nd season of professional rugby league football in Australia, and the second to be run by the National Rugby League. With the exclusion of the Adelaide Rams and Gold Coast Chargers, and the joint venture of the St. George Dragons and Illawarra Steelers, seventeen teams competed for the NRL Premiership during the 1999 season, which culminated in the first grand final to be played at Stadium Australia. The St. George Illawarra Dragons, the first joint-venture club to appear in the grand final, played against the Melbourne Storm, who won the premiership in only their second season.
1988 Winter Paralympics medal table
The 1988 Winter Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won by their athletes during the 1988 Winter Paralympics, held in Innsbruck, Austria, from January 18 to January 25, 1988.

1988 Winter Paralympics
The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (German: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Olympics. Beginning in 1992, the Olympics and the Paralympics were held in the same city or in an adjacent city. These Paralympics were not held at the same Olympic venue in Calgary, Canada, because of financial and recruiting difficulties. A total of 377 athletes from 22 countries took part. The USSR competed for the first and only time. Sit-skiing was introduced as another event in both the Alpine and Nordic skiing competitions. Other sports were biathlon and ice sledge speed racing. Ice sledge speed racer Knut Lundstroem from Norway was the most successful athlete, winning four gold medals in the 100m, 500m, 1000m and 1500m events.
Reguibat
The Reguibat (Arabic: الرقيبات, romanized: Rgībāt; variously transliterated Reguibate, Rguibat, R'gaybat, R'gibat, Erguibat, Ergaybat) is a Sahrawi tribal confederation of mixed Arab and Sanhaja Berber origins. The Reguibat speak Hassaniya Arabic, and are Arab in culture. They claim descent from Sidi Ahmed al-Reguibi, an Arab Islamic preacher from Beni Hassan who settled in Saguia el-Hamra in 1503. They also believe that they are, through him, a chorfa tribe, i.e. descendants of Muhammad. They are divided into two main geographical divisions - the Reguibat as-Sahel and Reguibat ash-Sharg - who are in turn divided into sub tribes. Religiously, they belong to the Maliki school of Sunni Islam.

Their population in 1996 exceeded 100,000 people. David Hart estimated their population to number from 200,000 to 300,000 in 1962 but this could be too high. They are today the largest tribe in Western Sahara.

David Montgomery Hart
David Montgomery Hart (18 May 1927 – 22 May 2001) was an American anthropologist and historian who specialised in Berber tribes. He spent time living amongst Berber tribes like the Ait Waryagher of the Rif and the Ait Atta.
Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979
The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 (c. 46) (abbreviated AMAAA) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the latest in a series of Ancient Monument Acts legislating to protect the archaeological heritage of England, Wales, and Scotland. Northern Ireland has its own legislation.

The law is administered in England by Historic England and the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, in Scotland by Historic Environment Scotland and formerly by Cadw in Wales.

Cadw
Cadw ([ˈkadu], a Welsh verbal noun meaning "keeping/preserving") is the historic environment service of the Welsh Government and part of the Tourism and Culture group. Cadw works to protect the historic buildings and structures, the landscapes and heritage sites of Wales, to make them available for the public to visit, enjoy, and understand their significance. Cadw manages 127 state-owned properties and sites. It arranges events at its managed properties, provides lectures and teaching sessions, offers heritage walks, and hosts an online shop. Members of the public can become members of Cadw to gain membership privileges.

Cadw marked its 40th year in 2024, by which time more than 33,000 properties, structures and monuments were under its care.
Werneria (plant)
Werneria is a genus of South American plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family.

Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of December 2022:

Several species once included in Werneria are now considered as better suited to other genera: Cremanthodium, Euryops, Hypochaeris, Misbrookea, Senecio, and Xenophyllum.

Euryops
Euryops is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family. They are native mostly to rocky sites in southern Africa, with a few species in other parts of Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula. They produce daisy-like flowerheads from fern-like foliage. The name Euryops is probably a contraction of the Greek words ευρυς (eurys) meaning 'wide,' and ὄψις (opsis) meaning 'eye,' possibly referring to the large flowerheads compared to the narrow leaves.

Species

Gallery

Euryops abrotanifolius, Western Cape, South Africa

Euryops acraeus

Euryops annae

Euryops brownei, Kenya

Euryops chrysanthemoides, South Africa

Euryops linearis, Western Cape, South Africa

Euryops pectinatus, South Africa

Euryops virgineus, South Africa

Euryops speciosissimus, Western Cape, South Africa

Euryops tenuissimus, Western Cape, South Africa

Euryops arabicus, Djibouti
Geography of Shanghai
The geography of Shanghai is characterised by its location on the Yangtze River Delta on China's east coast and its proximity to the Pacific Ocean via the East China Sea. The city is centred on the Huangpu River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, and extends outwards in all directions, with the suburbs and satellite towns reaching east to the East China Sea, north and west to Jiangsu province, and south to Zhejiang province over Hangzhou Bay.

The vast majority of Shanghai's land area is flat, apart from a few hills in the southwest corner, due to its location on the alluvial plain of the Yangtze's river delta. The city has many rivers and lakes and is known for its rich water resources, and thanks to its coastal, riverside location and warm climate ensuring ice-free waters, provides easy access to China's interior, resulting in Shanghai being the world's largest port.

Chongming Island
Chongming (Chinese: 崇明岛), formerly romanized as Chungming, is an alluvial island at the mouth of the Yangtze River in East China covering 1,267 square kilometers (489 sq mi) as of 2010. Together with the islands Changxing and Hengsha, it forms Chongming District, the northernmost area of the provincial-level municipality of Shanghai. At the time of the 2010 Chinese census, its population was 660,000.

A 20-kilometer-long (12 mi) stretch of the north shore of the island is not part of Chongming District of Shanghai but are instead two pene-exclaves of Jiangsu, formed by the connection of Chongming to the formerly-separate island of Yonglongsha.
Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk
Edward William Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, GCVO, DL (born 2 December 1956), styled Earl of Arundel between 1975 and 2002, is a British peer who holds the hereditary office of Earl Marshal. As Duke of Norfolk, he is the most senior non-royal peer in the Peerage of England. He is also the titular head of the House of Howard.

Ampleforth College
Ampleforth College is a co-educational fee-charging private boarding school. It opened in 1803 as a boys' school. It is near the village of Ampleforth, North Yorkshire, England, on the grounds of Benedictine monastery Ampleforth Abbey. The school is in a valley with sports pitches, wooded areas, and lakes. The school has the oldest purpose-built school theatre in the United Kingdom, a dedicated student pub, and its own infirmary. It has received national attention for significant safeguarding failures.

St Laurence Educational Trust and the Ampleforth Abbey Trust are responsible for running Ampleforth College. Boarding fees were £46,740 for the school year 2024/2025.