hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Pater
Walter Horatio Pater (4 August 1839 – 30 July 1894) was an English essayist, art and literary critic, and fiction writer, regarded as one of the great stylists. His first and most often reprinted book, Studies in the History of the Renaissance (1873), revised as The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry (1877), in which he outlined his approach to art and advocated an ideal of the intense inner life, was taken by many as a manifesto (whether stimulating or subversive) of Aestheticism.

Everyman's Library
Everyman's Library is a series of reprints of classic literature, primarily from the Western canon. It began in 1906. It is currently published in hardback by Random House. It was originally an imprint of J. M. Dent (itself later a division of Weidenfeld & Nicolson and presently an imprint of Orion Books), who continue to publish Everyman Paperbacks.
Werkspoor
Werkspoor N.V. was the shortened, and later the official name of the Nederlandsche Fabriek van Werktuigen en Spoorwegmaterieel. It was a Dutch machine factory, known for rolling stock, (ship) steam engines, and diesel engines. It was a successor of the company Van Vlissingen en Dudok van Heel, later named Koninklijke Fabriek van Stoom- en andere Werktuigen. In 1954 Werkspoor was merged with Stork.

Netherlands–South African Railway Company
The Netherlands–South African Railway Company (Nederlandsche Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorwegmaatschappij; Nederlands-Suid-Afrikaanse Spoorwegmaatskappy) or NZASM (also sometimes called SASM in South Africa) was a railway company established in 1887. The company was based in Amsterdam and Pretoria, and operated in the South African Republic (ZAR) during the late 19th century. At the request of ZAR president Paul Kruger, the NZASM constructed a railway line between Pretoria and Lourenço Marques in Portuguese East Africa (now Maputo in Mozambique).
Sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate
Sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate (CF3SO2Na) is the sodium salt of trifluoromethanesulfinic acid. Together with t-butyl hydroperoxide, an oxidant, this compound was found to be a suitable reagent for introducing trifluoromethyl groups onto electron-rich aromatic compounds by Langlois; this reagent is also known as the Langlois reagent. This reaction operates via a free radical mechanism.

This reagent is also able to trifluoromethylate electron-deficient aromatic compounds under biphasic conditions. Zinc difluoromethanesulfinate, a related polymeric coordination complex, is able to introduce difluoromethyl groups (CHF2-) onto aromatic compounds under similar biphasic conditions as well.

With the use of DMSO as an oxidant, it provides an environmentally friendly way for the synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl alcohols from alkenes.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH. It is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, like the Halcon process.  It is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.  Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, tert-butyl hydroperoxide is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents. Overall, it is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions. Its solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.
1997 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1997 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 97th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Ballygunner were the defending champions.

On 19 October 1997, Ballygunner won the championship after a 2–17 to 1–14 defeat of Passage in the final. This was their 7th championship title overall and their third title in succession.

1996 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1996 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 96th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Ballygunner were the defending champions.

On 22 September 1996, Ballygunner won the championship after a 3–13 to 1–12 defeat of Lismore in the final. This was their sixth championship title overall and their second title in succession.
NOTS-EV-1 Pilot
The NOTS-EV-1 Pilot, better known as NOTSNIK (pronounced notsnik a play on "sputnik") was an expendable launch system and anti-satellite weapon developed by the United States Navy's United States Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS). NOTSNIK began as an in-house project using available NOTS funds. The Advanced Research Projects Agency later supplied some funds for the program. The program involved creating transistorized sensors to detect nuclear explosions from the Operation Argus tests. Ten were launched during July and August 1958, all of which failed. It was the first air-launched rocket to be used for an orbital launch attempt; however, none was recorded as having reached orbit. Following the third orbital launch attempt a NOTS engineer at the tracking station in Christchurch, New Zealand reported receiving a weak signal from the spacecraft; This was never confirmed, and the launches were not catalogued as having reached orbit. The Pilot rocket was part of Project Pilot.

Anti-satellite weapon
Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic or tactical purposes. Although no ASAT system has yet been utilized in warfare, a few countries (China, India, Russia, and the United States) have successfully shot down their own satellites to demonstrate their ASAT capabilities in a show of force. ASATs have also been used to remove decommissioned satellites.

ASAT roles include: defensive measures against an adversary's space-based and nuclear weapons, a force multiplier for a nuclear first strike, a countermeasure against an adversary's anti-ballistic missile defense (ABM), an asymmetric counter to a technologically superior adversary, and a counter-value weapon.

Use of ASATs generates space debris, which can collide with other satellites and generate more space debris. A cascading multiplication of space debris could cause Earth to suffer from Kessler syndrome.
Robert Morley (died 1632)
Robert Morley (died 1632) was an English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons  at various times between 1621 and 1629.

Morley was the son of William Morley of Glynde Place and his wife Margaret Robarts, daughter of William Robarts of Warbleton. He was a citizen of the City of London and a member of the Worshipful Company of Skinners.

In 1621, Morley was elected Member of Parliament for Bramber and was re-elected MP for Bramber in 1624. Also on 27 May 1625 Morley became an alderman for Dowgate in the City of London. He was elected MP for New Shoreham in 1628 and sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years. Morley was High Sheriff of Sussex and High Sheriff of Surrey in 1631.

Morley married in 1614, Susanna Hodgson, daughter and heiress of Thomas Hodgson, of Framfield.

Sheriff of Sussex
The office of Sheriff of Sussex was established before the Norman Conquest. The Office of sheriff remained first in precedence in the counties until the reign of Edward VII when an Order in Council in 1908 gave the Lord-Lieutenant the prime office under the Crown as the Sovereign's personal representative.

At various times the sheriff of Surrey was also sheriff of Sussex (1229–1231, 1232–1240, 1242–1567, 1571–1635), The office of Sheriff of Sussex ceased with local government re-organisation in 1974, when the county was split for local government purposes into East Sussex (see High Sheriff of East Sussex) and West Sussex (see High Sheriff of West Sussex). The High Sheriffs remain the Sovereign's representative in the County for all matters relating to the Judiciary and the maintenance of law and order.
Covelinhas
Covelinhas is an extinct Portuguese parish and village in the municipality of Peso da Régua in northern Portugal.

By the last administrative reorganization of the territory of the parishes, according to Law No. 11-A/2013 of January 28, this parish was extinct and merged with Galafura to form the Galafura and Covelinhas parish, with headquarters in Galafura.

Despite being a small village, Covelinhas has a beautiful landscape and is a good place to rest, fish and enjoy nature. It is regularly visited by many tourists, not only from Portugal but also from other parts of the world.

Peso da Régua
Regua leads here. For American major general, see Eldon Regua

Peso da Régua (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpezu ðɐ ˈʁɛɣwɐ] ⓘ), commonly known as Régua, is a city and municipality in northern Portugal, in the district of Vila Real. The population in 2011 was 17,131 (of which approximately 10,000 are in the town of Régua), in an area of 94.86 km2 (36.63 sq mi) km².
Swan Hill
Swan Hill is a city in the northwest of Victoria, Australia on the Murray Valley Highway and on the south bank of the Murray River, downstream from the junction of the Loddon River. At the 2021 census, Swan Hill had a population of 11,508.

Piangil railway line
The Piangil railway line is a 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) gauge railway line in north-western Victoria, Australia. It branches off the Deniliquin line just north of Bendigo, and runs in a north-westerly direction through Pyramid Hill and Kerang to the border town of Swan Hill, then roughly parallels the New South Wales border to Piangil and Yungera. The line is now open only as far as Piangil, and passenger services only operate to Swan Hill.
Stock Exchange and Bank of Poland Building
The Stock Exchange and Bank of Poland Building (Polish: Gmach Giełdy i Banku Polskiego) is a historic neoclassical commercial building in Warsaw, Poland, located at 1 Bank Square, within the North Downtown neighbourhood. It was designed by Antonio Corazzi and Jan Jakub Gay, and constructed between 1825 and 1828. The building originally housed the Warsaw Stock Exchange and the Bank of Poland. Currently, it houses the Museum of John Paul II Collection, an art gallery being a branch of the Museum of John Paul II and Primate Wyszyński which displays a collection of around 400 paintings, mainly copies of masterpieces of European painters.

Bank Square, Warsaw
Bank Square (Polish: Plac Bankowy, formerly Plac Dzierżyńskiego) is one of Warsaw's principal squares. Located in the downtown district, adjacent to the Saxon Garden and Warsaw Arsenal, it is also a principal public-transport hub, with  bus and tram stops and a Warsaw Metro station.
Upenough
Upenough is a historic home and national historic district located at Cazenovia in Madison County, New York. The district contains four contributing buildings. The main house was built about 1910 and is a two-story, wood-frame dwelling in the Dutch Colonial Revival  style. It features a widely flaring gambrel roof intersected by dormers on the front and rear.  Also on the property is a guest cottage, tool shed, and garage.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
Dutch Colonial Revival is a style of domestic architecture, primarily characterized by gambrel roofs having curved eaves along the length of the house.  Modern versions built in the early 20th century are more accurately referred to as "Dutch Colonial Revival", a subtype of the Colonial Revival style.
Abdul Hai Neamati
Abdul Hai Neamati is a politician in Afghanistan who served as the first Governor of Farah Province after the Taliban government was ousted in late 2001. He was an ally of Ismail Khan and a member of the Jamiat-e Islami party.

Ismail Khan
Muhammad Ismail Khan (born 1946) is an Afghan former military officer, warlord and politician who served as Minister of Energy and Water from 2005 to 2013 and before that served as the governor of Herat Province. Originally a captain in the Afghan Army, he is widely known as a former warlord who controlled a large Afghan mujahideen force, mainly his fellow Tajiks from western Afghanistan, during the Soviet–Afghan War.

His reputation gained him the nickname Lion of Herat. Ismail Khan was a key member of the now exiled political party Jamiat-e Islami and of the now defunct United National Front party. In 2021, Ismail Khan returned to arms to help defend Herat from the Taliban's offensive, which he and the Afghan Army lost. He was captured by the Taliban forces and then reportedly fled to Iran on 16 August 2021.
Sound localization
Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance.

The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or intensity difference) between the ears, and spectral information.  Other animals, such as birds and reptiles, also use them but they may use them differently, and some also have localization cues which are absent in the human auditory system, such as the effects of ear movements. Animals with the ability to localize sound have a  evolutionary advantage.

Group delay and phase delay
In signal processing, group delay and phase delay are functions that describe in different ways the delay times experienced by a signal’s various sinusoidal frequency components as they pass through a linear time-invariant (LTI) system (such as a microphone, coaxial cable, amplifier, loudspeaker, communications system, ethernet cable, digital filter, or analog filter).

These delays are sometimes frequency dependent, which means that different sinusoid frequency components experience different time delays. As a result, the signal's waveform experiences distortion as it passes through the system. This distortion can cause problems such as poor fidelity in analog video and analog audio, or a high bit-error rate in a digital bit stream.
Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.

Errors and residuals
In statistics and optimization, errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of an observed value of an element of a statistical sample from its "true value" (not necessarily observable). The error of an observation is the deviation of the observed value from the true value of a quantity of interest (for example, a population mean). The residual is the difference between the observed value and the estimated value of the quantity of interest (for example, a sample mean). The distinction is most important in regression analysis, where the concepts are sometimes called the regression errors and regression residuals and where they lead to the concept of studentized residuals.
In econometrics, "errors" are also called disturbances.
37 Cancri
37 Cancri is a star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It is a challenge to view with the naked eye, having an apparent magnitude of 6.54. The star is moving away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +22 km/s, having come as close as 246 light-years some 2.7 million years ago.

This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A1 V, which indicates it is generating energy through hydrogen fusion at its core. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 35 km/s. The star has 2.7 times the mass of the Sun and around 1.8 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 31 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,830 K.

Cancer (constellation)
Cancer is one of the twelve constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for crab and it is commonly represented as one. Cancer is a medium-size constellation with an area of 506 square degrees and its stars are rather faint, its brightest star Beta Cancri having an apparent magnitude of 3.5. It contains ten stars with known planets, including 55 Cancri, which has five: one super-Earth and four gas giants, one of which is in the habitable zone and as such has expected temperatures similar to Earth. At the (angular) heart of this sector of our celestial sphere is Praesepe (Messier 44), one of the closest open clusters to Earth and a popular target for amateur astronomers.
Stevens Terrace
Stevens Terrace is a heritage-listed former boarding house and now residence located at 73 Windmill Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of Millers Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Millers Point, New South Wales
Millers Point is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is on the north-western edge of the Sydney central business district, adjacent to The Rocks and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

Millers Point lies on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, beside Darling Harbour. The Barangaroo development is taking place on 22 hectares of land on the western side of the suburb. Millers Point historically includes what are now known as the suburbs of Dawes Point and Barangaroo and the renaming of those parts of Millers Point is controversial. The original headland of Millers Point is now known as Barangaroo Reserve, though the point itself has been returned to its original name.
Mohamed Latif
Mohamed Latif (Arabic: مُحَمَّد لَطِيف; 23 October 1909 – 17 March 1990) was an Egyptian football manager, pundit, referee and executive. He was a former professional footballer. He played for the clubs El-Zamalek of Egypt and Rangers F.C. of Scotland, as well as for the Egypt national team.

1944 Egypt Cup final
1944 Egypt Cup final, was the final match of 1943–44 Egypt Cup, when Zamalek (Farouk) defeated Al-Ahly by a score of 6–0, the largest winning margin in the derby and Egypt cup finals, Zamalek claimed the cup for the 7th time.
Comparison of text editors
This article compares notable text editors. It may not be up-to-date or all-inclusive. Comparisons are between stable versions (not upcoming or beta releases) and are exclusive of any add-ons, extensions or external programs unless otherwise noted.

Other features can be listed via the Category of text editor features.

Text editor
A text editor is interactive software that allows a user to edit plain text, such as Notepad.

As with any software, a text editor can be installed onto a  system, but often a relatively simple text editor is included in a default installation of an operating system (OS) since editing text files is a relatively basic need for any system and since a simple text editor can be provided at relatively low cost.

As source code is text, any text editor can be used to edit code, but a source-code editor is designed with features specifically intended for editing code. Some provide integration with software development tools and provide a debugging environment.
EMAS Canada
EMAS CANADA is a Christian interdenominational non-governmental organization (NGO) providing charitable medical and dental care to under-serviced areas throughout the world.

EMAS was founded in 1948, the EMAS CANADA national office is located in Burlington, Ontario.

EMAS supports local healthcare endeavours/initiatives and sends medical, surgical and dental teams of healthcare professionals to assist in under-serviced areas overseas.

Burlington, Ontario
Burlington is a city at the west end of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada. Part of Halton Region, it borders Hamilton to the south, Milton to the northwest, and Oakville to the northeast. It is part of the Greater Toronto Area, the Hamilton census metropolitan area, and the Golden Horseshoe urban region. Burlington was founded in 1874, and gained city status in 1974. With a population of 186,948 as of 2021, Burlington is the twenty-eighth-most populous municipality in Canada.
Gabbiella humerosa
Gabbiella humerosa is a species of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Bithyniidae.

This species is found in Kenya, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes.

Bithyniidae
Bithyniidae is a family of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the [[[Order (biology)|order]] Littorinimorpha.

Their shells are very small and often colored. They are characterized by a calcareous operculum, a lobe on the upper surface of the neck. The ctenidium, the respiratory gill-comb, is very broad. They have a ciliary feeding habit. The kidney has a large extension towards the mantle.
Koya (Malabar)
Koya is a Muslim community, predominantly found in the city of Calicut in southern India. The powerful Koyas held the headmen position among the Mappila community in medieval Calicut.

The Koyas are mostly concentrated in and around the Kuttichira region in Calicut. The Koya family was invited by Raja Keshavadas to Alleppey from Malabar during its formation. They were given permission to construct houses and conduct trade to various parts of Travancore Kingdom. The Koya family in Alleppey still have their Major undivided property and Tharavads like Pyngamadom, Puthen nalakam, Pulikkalakath, Puthenveedu, Vyranveedu. These Tharavads stand as historic monuments near Stone Bridge Alleppey. Koyas are also found on the Laccadive Islands as well as in other parts of the former South Malabar Taluk.

The Koyas followed maternal kinship system ("marumakathayam").

Kuttichira Beach
Kuttichira or Thekkepuram is a quarter located inside the city of Kozhikode in the Indian state of Kerala. Its approximate boundaries are the Arabian Sea on the west, the Kallai river on the south, Vellayil village on the north, and Kozhikode town on the east.
North Face (Everest)
The North Face of Mount Everest is the northern aspect of the highest mountain in the world. It can partly be seen from North Base Camp. George Mallory's body was found on the North Face during the 1999 Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition. Major features of the face are the Hornbein Couloir and the Norton Couloir. Notable on the left end, the northeast ridge of Everest, are the Three Steps and the Three Pinnacles.

Three Steps
The Three Steps are three prominent rocky steps on the northeast ridge of Mount Everest. They are located at altitudes of 8,564 metres (28,097 ft), 8,610 metres (28,250 ft), and 8,710 metres (28,580 ft). Any climber who wants to climb on the normal route from the north of the summit must negotiate these three stages.
Muhamed Džakmić
Muhamed Džakmić (born 23 August 1985) is a Bosnian  football manager and former player who was most recently the manager of the Bosnia and Herzegovina U17 national team and the assistant manager of Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup (Croatian: Kup Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Куп Босне и Херцеговине) is a knock-out football competition contested annually by clubs from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The winner qualifies for the UEFA Conference League second qualifying round and a place in the Bosnian Supercup.

Until the 1999–2000 season, three separate cups were organized. In 1998, for the first time, Bosnia and Herzegovina got its official cup winner after the "Super final" between Sarajevo and Orašje (winners of two different cups). In the 1999–2000 season, the normal cup format was organized for the first time in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 2000–01 season, clubs from the entire country have been competing in the Cup.

Prior to 1992, clubs from the Bosnia and Herzegovina territory contested in the Yugoslav Cup.