hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1997 Zurich Open
The 1997 Zurich Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Hallenstadion in Zürich in Switzerland. It was part of Tier I of the 1997 WTA Tour. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and was held from October 12 through October 19, 1997.

1997 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Evolution from Francis turbine to Kaplan turbine
The Francis turbine converts energy at high heads which are often not available; hence, a turbine was required to convert energy at low heads, given a sufficiently large quantity of water. It was easy to convert high heads to power easily but difficult to do so for low-pressure heads. Therefore, an evolution took place that converted the Francis turbine to the Kaplan turbine, which generates power at even low heads efficiently.

Impeller
An impeller, or impellor, is a driven rotor used to increase the pressure and flow of a fluid. It is the opposite of a turbine, which extracts energy from, and reduces the pressure of, a flowing fluid.

Strictly speaking, propellers are a sub-class of impellers where the flow both enters and leaves axially, but in many contexts the term "impeller" is reserved for non-propeller rotors where the flow enters axially and leaves radially, especially when creating suction in a pump or compressor.
Southern Pacific 8
Southern Pacific 8 is a 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler" type narrow-gauge steam locomotive, built in 1907 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works (BlW).

It was originally built for the Nevada–California–Oregon Railway (NCO) as their second No. 8, and was sold to Southern Pacific (SP) in 1929. She spent the rest of its career hauling passengers and freight along Southern Pacific's Keeler Branch. The locomotive, along with sisters 9 and #18 were nicknamed "The Slim Princesses".

In 1954, an  GE 50 Ton diesel locomotive was purchased, relegating steam power on the Southern Pacific's narrow-gauge line to backup duty. Locomotive #8 was retired in 1955 after 48 years of service and donated to the State of Nevada. Now owned by the Nevada State Railroad Museum (NSRM), it has been on display at Lillard Park at Sparks, Nevada since 1975 after negotiations of a long-term loan.

Baldwin Locomotive Works
The Baldwin Locomotive Works (BLW) was an American manufacturer of railway locomotives from 1825 to 1951. Originally located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, it moved to nearby Eddystone in the early 20th century. The company was for decades the world's largest producer of steam locomotives, but struggled to compete when demand switched to diesel locomotives. Baldwin produced the last of its 70,000-plus locomotives in 1951, before merging with the Lima-Hamilton Corporation on September 11, 1951, to form the Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corporation.

The company has no relation to the E.M. Baldwin and Sons of New South Wales, Australia, a builder of small diesel locomotives for sugar cane railroads.
Strigamia lutea
Strigamia lutea is a species of soil centipede in the subfamily Linotaeniinae, a clade formerly known as the family Linotaeniidae, but now deemed a subfamily within the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in Romania. This species features a modest number of legs, with 35 pairs in males and 37 pairs in females, and can reach 29 mm in length.

Sclerite
A sclerite (Greek σκληρός, sklēros, meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly to the hardened parts of arthropod exoskeletons and the internal spicules of invertebrates such as certain sponges and soft corals. In paleontology, a scleritome is the complete set of sclerites of an organism, often all that is known from fossil invertebrates.
Kosmos 2477
Kosmos 2477 (Russian: Космос 2477 meaning Cosmos 2477) is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2011 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2475 and Kosmos 2476.

This satellites is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 745.

Kosmos 2475/6/7 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-M carrier rocket with a Briz-M upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 16:51 UTC on 4 November 2011. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2011-064B. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 37868.

It is in the first orbital plane of the GLONASS constellation, in orbital slot 7. It started operations on 18 December 2011.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
Mustafa Yusupov
Mustafa Gurugliyevich Yusupov (Kyrgyz: Мустафа Юсупов; Russian: Мустафа Гуруглиевич Юсупов; born July 1, 1995) is a Kyrgyzstani footballer who plays as a defender for the Neftchi Kochkor-Ata and Kyrgyzstan national team.

Kyrgyz Premier League
The Kyrgyz Premier League (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Премьер Лигасы, romanized: Kyrgyz Premier Ligasy) or OLIMPBET Premier League for sponsorship purposes is the top division of professional football in Kyrgyzstan. It was created in 1992 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The league is composed of eight teams. The most successful team is Dordoi Bishkek which has won the league thirteen times.

The winner of the league earns a spot in the AFC Challenge League, Asia's third club continental competition. The team with the worst record at the end of each season is demoted to the Kyrgyzstan League Second Level.
Cape Coloureds
Cape Coloureds (Afrikaans: Kaapse Kleurlinge) are a South African group of Coloured people who are from the Cape region in South Africa which consists of the Western Cape, Northern Cape and the Eastern Cape. Their ancestry comes from the interracial mixing between the European, the indigenous Khoi and San, the Xhosa plus other Bantu people, indentured labourers imported from the British Raj, slaves imported from the Dutch East Indies, immigrants from the Levant or Yemen (or a combination of all). Eventually, all these ethnic and racial groups intermixed with each other, forming a group of mixed-race people that became known as the "Cape Coloureds".

Adam Small
Adam Small (21 December 1936 – 25 June 2016) was a South African writer who was involved in the Black Consciousness Movement and other activism. He was noted as a Coloured writer who wrote works in Afrikaans that dealt with racial discrimination and satirized the political situation. Some collections include English poems, and he translated the Afrikaans poet N P van Wyk Louw into English.
Haplogroup F (mtDNA)
Haplogroup F is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is most common in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It has not been found among Native Americans.

It is a primary branch of haplogroup R9.

Yi people
The Yi or Nuosu people (Nuosu: ꆈꌠ, [nɔ̄sū]; Chinese: 彝族; pinyin: Yízú; see also § Names and subgroups) are an ethnic group in southern China. Numbering nine million people, they are the sixth largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups recognized by the Chinese government. They live primarily in rural areas of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi, usually in mountainous regions. The Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is home to the largest population of Yi people within China, with two million Yi people in the region. In neighbouring Vietnam, as of 2019, there are 4,827 Lô Lô people (a subgroup of the Yi) living in the Hà Giang, Cao Bằng, and Lào Cai provinces, in the country's north.

The Yi speak various Loloish languages, closely related to Burmese. The prestige variety is Nuosu, which is written in the Yi script.
2019–20 Texas A&M–Corpus Christi Islanders men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Texas A&M–Corpus Christi Islanders men's basketball team represented Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Islanders, led by ninth-year head coach Willis Wilson, played their home games at American Bank Center, with three games at the Dugan Wellness Center, both of which are in Corpus Christi, Texas, as members of the Southland Conference. They finished the season 14–18, 10–10 in Southland play to finish in a three-way tie for sixth place. They lost in the first round of the Southland tournament to Northwestern State.

2020 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2020 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament is the postseason men's basketball tournament for the 2019–20 season in the Southland Conference. The tournament was scheduled from March 11–14, 2020.  The first two games of the tournament were held at the Merrell Center in Katy, Texas on March 11, 2020.  On March 12, the Southland Conference announced the remainder of the tournament would be canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament winner would have received an automatic invitation to the 2020 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, which was later cancelled for the same reason.
2006 IF Elfsborg season
In 2006 IF Elfsborg, the Swedish football club located in Borås, won their first national title since 1961, thanks to a dramatic finish to the season, where Elfsborg hit top form at the end of the year, sealing the title thanks to Joakim Sjöhage's goal against Djurgården. When Djurgården's claim for a penalty was waved off in stoppage time, Elfsborg overhauled AIK by a single point.

Joakim Sjöhage
Joakim Sjöhage (born 27 September 1986) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a striker. In 2006 and 2007, respectively, he won Allsvenskan and Tippeligaen, the top divisions of Sweden and Norway. With Elfsborg, he also won Supercupen in 2007.
Elections to the Sámi Parliament of Sweden
Elections to the Sámi Parliament of Sweden have taken place every four years following the establishment of the Parliament in 1993. The most recent elections took place in 2025.

Elections are organised by the Swedish election authority alongside the administrative board of Norbotten and the Sámi Parliament election committee. The elections use a proportional system of seat distribution.

Election Authority (Sweden)
The Swedish Election Authority (Swedish: Valmyndigheten) is a government agency responsible for organizing national elections and referendums in Sweden. The agency began its operations on 1 July 2001 when it took over the responsibilities from the Swedish National Tax Board.

Local and regional elections are the responsibility of the respective municipalities and county councils, however these elections always take place concurrently with the national elections for the Riksdag. As the central administrative authority for elections, the Swedish Election Authority has an instrumental role in all public elections in Sweden. The authority is also responsible for elections to Sámi Parliament of Sweden.
Sebastes ciliatus
Sebastes ciliatus, the dusky rockfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is typically found in the North Pacific Ocean, specifically in the Bering Sea near British Columbia, in the Gulf of Alaska, and in the depths of the Aleutian Islands.

Black rockfish
The black rockfish (Sebastes melanops), also known variously as the black seaperch, black bass, black rock cod, sea bass, black snapper and Pacific Ocean perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is sometimes misidentified as the "red snapper".
St. Paul's Girls School, Milagiriya
St. Paul's Girls' School is one of the oldest schools for girls, and is situated in Milagiriya, Colombo. The school was founded on 14 January 1887 as a Parish school affiliated to St. Paul's Church with 24 students and four teachers, with Stella Coban (1887 – 1892) as the first principal. In the early years of the school the majority of the students belonged to the Burger community and the medium of education was English. In 1957 the school provided education in Sinhala, Tamil and English mediums.

In February 1993 during the administration of principal, Gothami Fernando, the school was declared a National School. Today the school has more than 5,500 students with 250 academic staff and 55 non-academic staff.

National school (Sri Lanka)
A National school (Sinhala: ජාතික පාසල, Jathika Pasala, Tamil: தேசியப் பாடசாலை) in Sri Lanka is a school that is funded and administered by the Ministry of Education of the central government as opposed to Provincial schools run by the local provincial council. These schools provide secondary education (some including collegiate), with some providing primary education as well. The classification began in 1985, with 18 schools being designated as national schools. Today, there are 396 National  Schools in country constituting 3 percent of total National and Provincial Schools.
Choonhavan
Choonhavan is a surname, used by members of the Choonhavan family.

Notable people with the surname include:

Boonruen Choonhavan (1920–2021), Thai socialite and wife of Chatichai

Chatichai Choonhavan (1920–1998), Thai army officer, diplomat, and politician, son of Phin

Kraisak Choonhavan (1947–2020), Thai politician, son of Boonruen and Chatchai

Phin Choonhavan (1891–1973), Thai military leader and politician

Boonruen Choonhavan
Than Phu Ying Boonruen Choonhavan (née Sophot; Thai: บุญเรือน ชุณหะวัณ; RTGS: Bunruean Chunhawan; 25 April 1920 – 14 August 2021) was a Thai socialite who was the wife of Chatichai Choonhavan, Prime Minister of Thailand and a relative of the Queen Mother Srinagarindra.
Indian Peak (Catron County, New Mexico)
Indian Peak is located in the Gila Wilderness in Catron County, New Mexico. Indian Peak is found in the Mogollon Mountains and is ranked the 203rd highest peak, and 1077th by prominence, for New Mexico.

Indian Peak is 9 miles (15 km) southeast of Mogollon, New Mexico and can be accessed via the Holt Apache Trial.

Mogollon Mountains
The Mogollon Mountains or Mogollon Range (/mʌɡɪˈjoʊn/ or /moʊɡəˈjoʊn/) are a mountain range in Grant County and Catron County of southwestern New Mexico, in the Southwestern United States. They are primarily protected within the Gila National Forest.
Reform Zionism
Reform Zionism, also known as Progressive Zionism, is the ideology of the Zionist arm of the Reform or Progressive branch of Judaism. The Association of Reform Zionists of America is the American Reform movement's Zionist organization. Their mission “endeavors to make Israel fundamental to the sacred lives and Jewish identity of Reform Jews. As a Zionist organization, the association champions activities that further enhance Israel as a pluralistic, just and democratic Jewish state.” In Israel, Reform Zionism is associated with the Israel Movement for Progressive Judaism.

Union for Reform Judaism
The Union for Reform Judaism (URJ), formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC) until 2003, founded in 1873 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise, is the congregational arm of Reform Judaism in North America. The other two arms established by Rabbi Wise are the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion and the Central Conference of American Rabbis. The current president of the URJ is Rabbi Rick Jacobs.

The URJ has an estimated constituency of some 880,000 registered adults in 819 congregations. It claims to represent 2.2 million, as over a third of adult American Jews, including many who are not synagogue members, state affinity with Reform, making it the largest Jewish denomination.  The UAHC was a founding member of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, of which the URJ is the largest constituent by far.
Edward Ravenshaw
Edward Vincent Ravenshaw (30 July 1854 – 23 May 1880) was an amateur footballer who played for the Scotland XI against England in the last of the representative matches played in February 1872. He went on to become a tea planter in India, where he drowned trying to save the life of a friend.

Charterhouse School
Charterhouse is a private school providing boarding facilities for pupils aged 13–18 in Godalming, Surrey, England. Founded by Thomas Sutton in 1611 on the site of the old Carthusian monastery in Charterhouse Square, Smithfield, London, it educates over 1000 pupils, aged 13 to 18 years. Charterhouse is one of the original nine English public schools reported upon by the Clarendon Commission in 1864 leading to its regulation by the Public Schools Act 1868.

Charterhouse charges full boarders around £48,038.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026), alongside charging day pupils around £37,418.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026) . It educated the British Prime Minister Lord Liverpool and has numerous notable alumni.
Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's Asian qualification
The 2020 Women's Asian Olympic Qualification Tournament is a volleyball tournament for women's national teams organised by Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) and Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), to be held in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand from 7 to 12 January 2020. 8 teams will play in the tournament, where the winners will qualify to the 2020 women's Olympic volleyball tournament.

Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics was the 15th edition of the event at an Olympic Games, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Tokyo, Japan from 25 July to 8 August 2021.
It was originally scheduled to take place from 26 July to 9 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IOC and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee announced on 24 March 2020 that the 2020 Summer Olympics would be delayed to 2021. Because of this pandemic, the games were played behind closed doors.

The United States won their first gold after finishing runners-up three times with a 3–0 win over Brazil. Serbia won the bronze medal with a victory over South Korea.

The medals for the competition were presented by Nenad Lalović, IOC Executive Board Member; Serbia, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Ary Graça, FIVB President; Brazil.
Benicarló
Benicarló is a town and municipality in Spain, in the Valencian Community, in the Baix Maestrat region, of which it is the second largest by population. It borders Vinaròs, Càlig and Peniscola, as well as the Mediterranean Sea.

Castellón de la Plana
Castellón de la Plana or Castelló de la Plana (or simply Castellón or Castelló), is the capital city of the province of Castellón, in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is located near the eastern coastline of the Iberian Peninsula by the Mediterranean Sea. The main urban core lies some kilometres inland while the detached district of Grau was built around the port. The Desert de les Palmes mountain range rises to the north.

According to the 2018 census, Castellón has a population of 174,264 inhabitants, ranking as the fourth most populated municipality in the Valencian Community. Castellón is part of a larger metropolitan area along with the neighbouring municipalities of Villarreal, Almassora, Benicàssim, Borriol, and Borriana.  The Prime Meridian, or Greenwich Meridian, intersects the 40th parallel at Castellón de la Plana and is commemorated with a monolith in Meridian Park (Parc del Meridià) located at the exact point where this occurs.
Landestrost Castle
Landestrost Castle (German: Schloss Landestrost) is a castle in the Weser Renaissance style that was built between 1573 and 1584 in Neustadt am Rübenberge in the north German state of Lower Saxony. Integrated into fortifications, together with the town, it developed into an urban fortress typical of the 16th century. The castle was the representative residence and administrative headquarters of Eric II of Brunswick-Lüneburg. During its construction period from 1574 he renamed the town of Neustadt as Landestrost, something which was reverted after his death in 1584.

Neustadt am Rübenberge
Neustadt am Rübenberge (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏʃtat ʔam ˈʁyːbn̩bɛʁɡə] ⓘ; Low German: Niestadt) is a town in the district of Hannover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. At 357 km2 (138 sq mi), it is the 9th largest settlement in Germany by area (following Berlin, Hamburg and Cologne), though only about 45,000 inhabitants live there. It is in a region known as the Hanoverian Moor Geest.
2015 Dubai Tour
The 2015 Dubai Tour was a four-stage men's professional road cycling race. It was the second running of the Dubai Tour; it started on 4 February at Dubai International Marine Club and finished on 7 February at the Burj Khalifa. The race was part of the 2015 UCI Asia Tour, and was categorised by the UCI as a 2.HC race.

Dubai Tour
The Dubai Tour was an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Dubai, which began in 2014 as part of the UCI Asia Tour. It merged with the Abu Dhabi Tour to become the UAE Tour from 2019.
Andy Middleton
Andy Middleton (born May 22, 1962) is an American tenor and soprano jazz saxophonist. He has recorded with Ralph Towner, Dave Holland, Kenny Wheeler, Renee Rosnes, Jamey Haddad, Joey Calderazzo, and Alan Jones.

Joey Calderazzo
Joseph Dominick Calderazzo (February 27, 1965) is an American jazz pianist and brother of musician Gene Calderazzo. He played extensively in bands led by Michael Brecker and Branford Marsalis, and has also led his own bands.
Buntine, Western Australia
Buntine is a small town located in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, about 300 kilometres (186 mi) north of Perth, the state capital, along the Great Northern Highway within the Shire of Dalwallinu.

The name Buntine was first used in 1910 as the name of a nearby hill.  In 1913, it was applied to a railway siding on the railway line between Wongan Hills and Mullewa, at the suggestion of District Surveyor J P Camm.  The town of Buntine was gazetted in 1916.

In 1932 the Wheat Pool of Western Australia announced that the town would have two grain elevators, each fitted with an engine, installed at the railway siding.

A local bulk wheat bin was opened in the town in December 1949 just in time for the harvesting season with 280 long tons (280 thousand kilograms) being received on the first day.

Shire of Dalwallinu
The Shire of Dalwallinu is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, about 250 kilometres (155 mi) NNE of Perth, the state capital. The Shire covers an area of 7,236 square kilometres (2,794 sq mi) and its seat of government is the town of Dalwallinu.
Hartford Americans
The Hartford Americans was an American soccer club based in Hartford, Connecticut that was member of the professional American Soccer League. They joined the league in 1927, but were dropped early in the season to balance the league after the Philadelphia Celtic was suspended after only 10 games.

Philadelphia Field Club
Philadelphia Field Club is a name used by four soccer teams based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. All four versions of Philadelphia F.C. competed in the first American Soccer League, but none were in any way related to the other three teams which shared its name.