hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mesquite Bandits
The Mesquite Bandits indoor football club was a charter member of the Lone Star Football League (LSFL) that was scheduled to begin play for its 2012 inaugural season. Based in Mesquite, Texas, the Bandits would have played their home games at the Resistol Arena, home of the famous Mesquite Championship Rodeo. Citing financial and organizational issues, the LSFL revoked the team's franchise in January 2012.

Mesquite Convention Center and Arena
The Mesquite Convention Center and Arena is a multi venue complex consisting of a 7,000-seat multi-purpose arena and a 50,000 square foot convention center in Mesquite, Texas, United States. It is home to the Mesquite Championship Rodeo and the Texas Outlaws indoor soccer team of the Major Arena Soccer League.

The arena has been holding events since 1985. The types of events in the modern age currently include rodeos, monster truck wars, boxing, and concerts. However, the arena is also available for other major events and can host groups of people up to 7,000. From early June to the end of August, however, the arena is occupied by the Mesquite Championship Rodeo and is not available then. Otherwise, the arena, along with the convention center, can be reserved for such events as business meetings, family reunions, trade shows, conventions, holiday parties, weddings and receptions, birthday parties, and company training.
Donotknow
Donotknow (Russian: Незнайко, romanized: Neznaiko) is a Russian fairy tale (skazka) collected by folklorist Alexandr Afanasyev in his three-volume compilation Russian Fairy Tales. The tale was also translated as "Know Not" by Jack V. Haney. It deals with a friendship between a merchant's son and a magic horse that are forced to flee for their lives due to the boy's stepmother, and reach another kingdom, where the boy adopts another identity by only uttering the words "Ne znayu" ("I don't know").

According to scholarship, tales where the hero is instructed by his horse to always utter "I don't know" (or a variation thereof) are reported particularly in Russia, in Finland, in the Baltic Countries and in Hungary.

Russian fairy tale
A Russian fairy tale or folktale (Russian: ска́зка; skazka; plural Russian: ска́зки, romanized: skazki) is a fairy tale in Russian culture.

Various sub-genres of skazka exist.  A volshebnaya skazka [волше́бная ска́зка] (literally "magical tale") is considered a magical tale. Skazki o zhivotnykh are tales about animals and bytovye skazki are tales about household life.

Russian folklore was first collected by scholars and systematically studied in the 19th century. Russian fairy tales and folk tales were cataloged (compiled, grouped, numbered and published) by Alexander Afanasyev in his 1850s Narodnye russkie skazki. Scholars of folklore still refer to his collected texts when citing the number of a skazka plot. An exhaustive analysis of the stories, describing the stages of their plots and the classification of the characters based on their functions, was developed later, in the first half of the 20th century, by Vladimir Propp (1895-1970).
Lie group–Lie algebra correspondence
In mathematics, Lie group–Lie algebra correspondence allows one to correspond a Lie group to a Lie algebra or vice versa, and study the conditions for such a relationship. Lie groups that are isomorphic to each other have Lie algebras that are isomorphic to each other, but the converse is not necessarily true. One obvious counterexample is  and  (see real coordinate space and the circle group respectively) which are non-isomorphic to each other as Lie groups but their Lie algebras are isomorphic to each other, being  with a trivial bracket. However, for simply connected Lie groups, the Lie group-Lie algebra correspondence is one-to-one.

In this article, a Lie group refers to a real Lie group. For the complex and p-adic cases, see complex Lie group and p-adic Lie group. In this article, manifolds (in particular Lie groups) are assumed to be second countable; in particular, they have at most countably many connected components.

Circle group
In mathematics, the circle group, denoted by  or ⁠⁠, is the multiplicative group of all complex numbers with absolute value 1, that is, the unit circle in the complex plane or simply the unit complex numbers

The circle group forms a subgroup of ⁠⁠, the multiplicative group of all nonzero complex numbers. Since  is abelian, it follows that  is as well.

A unit complex number in the circle group represents a rotation of the complex plane about the origin and can be parametrized by the angle measure ⁠⁠:

This is the exponential map for the circle group.

The circle group plays a central role in Pontryagin duality and in the theory of Lie groups.

The notation  for the circle group stems from the fact that, with the standard topology (see below), the circle group is a 1-torus. More generally,  (the direct product of  with itself  times) is geometrically an -torus.

The circle group is isomorphic to the special orthogonal group ⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠.
Stewart Uoo
Stewart Uoo (born 1985, California) is an American artist. Uoo's art practice explores where the social and digital overlap often incorporating fashion and video game aesthetics into his watercolors, sculptures, and video pieces. Uoo's artworks have been included in the 9th Berlin Biennale and the 10th Gwangju Biennale and were featured alongside artist Jana Euler in a two-person exhibition at The Whitney Museum of American Art in 2013. Uoo has exhibited at 47 Canal in New York, Galerie Buchholz in Berlin, Germany, and Mendes Wood DM in São Paulo, Brazil, amongst other galleries.  Uoo is the host of It's Gets Better, an art-performance event held every summer that showcases artists, musicians, poets, and fashion icons. Uoo lives and works in New York City. Stewart Uoo is represented by Galerie Buchholz, Cologne, and 47 Canal, New York.

Galerie Buchholz
Galerie Buchholz is an art gallery specializing in international contemporary art with exhibition spaces in Cologne, Berlin and New York City. The gallery was founded in Cologne in 1986 by Daniel Buchholz, and today is run jointly with Christopher Müller.
Caerwood and Ashberry Goose House
Caerwood And Ashberry Goose House (ST54719655 ST54649657) is a 0.01-hectare (0.025-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, England, notified in 1991.  The site was previously notified as Caerwood, Tidenham and lies within the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Lesser horseshoe bat
The lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) is a type of small European and North African insectivorous bat, related to its larger cousin, the greater horseshoe bat. As with all horseshoe bats, the species gets its name from its distinctive horseshoe-shaped noseleaf.
Hoya meliflua
Hoya meliflua is a species of vine in the Apocynaceae family. It is endemic to the Philippines. The vine is common to Apayao, La Union, Rizal, Bataan, Laguna, Mindoro, Palawan, Negros, Panay, and Leyte.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Yifat Shasha-Biton
Yifat Shasha-Biton (Hebrew: יִפְעָת שָׁאשָׁא־בִּיטוֹן; born 23 May 1973) is an Israeli educator and politician who served as Minister of Education between 2021 and 2022. She also served as a Member of the Knesset between 2015 and 2024, as minister without portfolio between 2023 and 2024, and as Minister of Construction and Housing from 2019 to 2020.

Ministry of Education (Israel)
The Ministry of Education (Hebrew: מִשְׂרָד הַחִנּוּךְ, translit. Misrad HaHinukh; Arabic: وزارة التربية والتعليم) is the branch of the Israeli government charged with overseeing public education institutions in Israel. The department is headed by the Minister of Education, who is a member of the cabinet. The ministry has previously included culture and sport, although this is now covered by the Ministry of Culture and Sport.
North of England Education Conference
The North of England Education Conference (NEEC) was the UK’s biggest annual education conference. The first Conference took place in Manchester in 1903. The event provided an opportunity for senior decision makers in education, Children’s Services, the public sector, associated agencies and organisations to meet and consider the latest thinking and legislation affecting children and young people. In recent years the scope of the conference had expanded to encompass the broader children’s services agenda.

Despite the conference name, delegates attended from across the UK and beyond. In recent years the conference took place outside of the North of England, including Belfast and Cardiff.
In 2015 the conference was to be hosted in Manchester between 14–16 January, but was cancelled and has not been held since.

Ruth Kelly
Ruth Maria Kelly (born 9 May 1968) is the chair of Water UK, the trade association representing all of the water and wastewater companies of the United Kingdom.

She was previously a British Labour Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bolton West from 1997 to 2010. Previously, she served as the Secretary of State for Transport, Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Minister for Women and Equality and Secretary of State for Education and Skills, serving under both Gordon Brown and Tony Blair.
Cotransporter
Cotransporters are a subcategory of membrane transport proteins (transporters) that couple the favorable movement of one molecule with its concentration gradient and unfavorable movement of another molecule against its concentration gradient. They enable coupled or cotransport (secondary active transport) and include antiporters and symporters. In general, cotransporters consist of two out of the three classes of integral membrane proteins known as transporters that move molecules and ions across biomembranes. Uniporters are also transporters but move only one type of molecule down its concentration gradient and are not classified as cotransporters.

Integral membrane protein
An integral, or intrinsic, membrane protein (IMP)  is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. All transmembrane proteins can be classified as IMPs, but not all IMPs are transmembrane proteins. IMPs comprise a significant fraction of the proteins encoded in an organism's genome. Proteins that cross the membrane are surrounded by annular lipids, which are defined as lipids that are in direct contact with a membrane protein. Such proteins can only be separated from the membranes by using detergents, nonpolar solvents, or sometimes denaturing agents.

Proteins that adhere only temporarily to cellular membranes are known as peripheral membrane proteins. These proteins can either associate with integral membrane proteins, or independently insert in the lipid bilayer in several ways.
Hubert Le Sueur
Hubert Le Sueur (French pronunciation: [ybɛʁ lə sɥœʁ]; c. 1580 – 1658) was a French sculptor with the contemporaneous reputation of having trained in Giambologna's Florentine workshop. He assisted Giambologna's foreman, Pietro Tacca, in Paris, in finishing and erecting the Equestrian Statue of Henry IV on the Pont Neuf. He moved to England and spent the most productive decades of his working career there, providing monuments, portraits and replicas of classical antiquities for the court of Charles I, where his main rival was Francesco Fanelli.

Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland
Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland, KG (1 March 1577 – 13 March 1634/1635), was Chancellor of the Exchequer and later Lord Treasurer of England under James I and Charles I, being one of the most influential figures in the early years of Charles I's Personal Rule and the architect of many of the policies that enabled him to rule without raising taxes through Parliament.
J. Fred Buzhardt
Joseph Fred Buzhardt Jr (February 21, 1924 – December 16, 1978) was an American attorney and public servant. He is best known for serving as special White House Counsel to Richard Nixon during the Watergate scandal. Previously he had served as General Counsel of the Department of Defense and as a legislative aide to Senator Strom Thurmond.

Scott Armstrong (journalist)
Scott Armstrong is an American journalist, author, and media consultant. He is the current director of Information Trust, a former journalist for The Washington Post, and founder of the National Security Archive. He was a staff member of the Senate Watergate Committee.

With Bob Woodward, he co-authored the 1979 book The Brethren, an inside account of the United States Supreme Court. Before that he was research assistant with Woodward on the latter's co-authored 1976 endeavor The Final Days.
J. Brian Atwood
John Brian Atwood (born 25 July 1942) is an American diplomat and former Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development. From 2002 to 2010, he was dean of the Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota.

Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
The administrator of the United States Agency for International Development is the head of the United States federal government's Agency for International Development (USAID).

The administrator is officially nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate. A 2017 reorganization of the US National Security Council placed the USAID administrator as a permanent member on the Deputies Committee.
Bell 400 TwinRanger
The Bell 400 TwinRanger was a prototype four-bladed, twin-engine civil helicopter developed by Bell Helicopter in the 1980s. Both the TwinRanger and another planned version, the Bell 440, were attempts to market a twin-engine development of the 206L LongRanger. The Bell 400A was a planned single-engine version of the 400 TwinRanger, however development was canceled when Bell could not acquire enough orders for production. The TwinRanger name was later used for a twin-engine version of the LongRanger produced from 1994 to 1997.

Allison Model 250
The Allison Model 250 (now known as the Rolls-Royce M250 and designated T63/T703 in US military service) is a highly successful turboshaft engine family, originally developed by the Allison Engine Company in the early 1960s. The Model 250 has been produced by Rolls-Royce since it acquired Allison in 1995.
Blue Demon (TV series)
Blue Demon is a Spanish-language television series produced by Teleset for Televisa and Sony Pictures Television. The series is based on the life of the famous Mexican professional wrestler and actor Blue Demon. On November 11, 2016 the series was published on the Blim platform the first season and consists of 20 episodes. The series starred Tenoch Huerta as Blue Demon and Ana Brenda Contreras as Goyita. The series premiered on January 15, 2017 in the United States on UniMás and ended on July 15, 2017.

Teleset
Sony Pictures Television – Latin America & U.S. Hispanic, doing business as Teleset, is a television production company based in Bogotá, Colombia. It produced Metástasis, the Spanish-language remake of Breaking Bad.

Teleset's portfolio contains popular telenovelas such as La Baby Sister, The Useless One, Love in Custody and Three Miracles. Working hand in hand with Sony Pictures Television through its International Production division, Teleset has been a pioneer in the TV series genre with programs such as Rosario Tijeras, La prepago, Metástasis, Niñas mal, Popland, Lady, La sellera derosas, La Reina del Flow, El Mariachi and En la mouth of the wolf, among others. In the entertainment part, Teleset has produced Colombian versions of formats such as ¿Quién quiere ser millonario?, Robinson Expedition, El Factor X, Popstars and Colombia has talent, among others.
Greatest Hits (N-Dubz album)
Greatest Hits is the first compilation album released by British trio N-Dubz, released following the announcement of the group's plans to go on a two-year hiatus. It was released in the United Kingdom on 28 November 2011 by Island Records. The album contains tracks from the band's three studio albums "Uncle B" (2008), "Against All Odds" (2009) and "Love.Live.Life" (2010). It includes fourteen of the group's singles, (excluding "Feva Las Vegas" and "We Dance On"), one album track, two live lounge covers and the original N-Dubz version of Dappy's first solo single, "No Regrets".
The album's release comes after the group announced an indefinite hiatus to focus on solo careers.

Following the announcement of their Reformation Tour in May 2022, the album saw a resurgence in popularity, surpassing the peak of 38 upon the album's original release, entering the top 10 at number 10 on 27 May 2022.

Uncle B
Uncle B is the debut studio album released by the British hip hop group N-Dubz. The album is dedicated to former N-Dubz manager and father of Dappy, Byron Contostavlos, who died shortly before the band were signed to their second record label All Around the World. It entered the official UK Albums Chart at number 11. On 6 January 2009 it was announced on the official All Around the World website that the album had gone platinum. Seven singles have been released from the album, with the first three being released by LRC, and the last four being released by All Around the World. The album was not released until in 2008, despite recording starting in 2006. This was due to the group changing record label from LRC to All Around the World.
Scenario optimization
The scenario approach or scenario optimization approach is a technique for obtaining solutions to robust optimization and chance-constrained optimization problems based on a sample of the constraints. It also relates to inductive reasoning in modeling and decision-making. The technique has existed for decades as a heuristic approach and has more recently been given a systematic theoretical foundation.

In optimization, robustness features translate into constraints that are parameterized by the uncertain elements of the problem. In the scenario method, a solution is obtained by only looking at a random sample of constraints (heuristic approach) called scenarios and a deeply-grounded theory tells the user how “robust” the corresponding solution is related to other constraints. This theory justifies the use of randomization in robust and chance-constrained optimization.

Chance constrained programming
Chance Constrained Programming (CCP) is a mathematical optimization approach used to handle problems under uncertainty. It was first introduced by Charnes and Cooper in 1959 and further developed by Miller and Wagner in 1965. CCP is widely used in various fields, including finance, engineering, and operations research, to optimize decision-making processes where certain constraints need to be satisfied with a specified probability.
Nicolas François Vuillaume
Nicolas François Vuillaume (1802–1876) was an important French luthier of the Vuillaume family, and younger brother of the illustrious Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume. He ran the leading workshop in Brussels, Belgium, and was appointed instrument maker to the Royal Conservatory in Brussels. His instruments won a number of medals at exhibitions.

Order of Leopold (Belgium)
The Order of Leopold (Dutch: Leopoldsorde, French: Ordre de Léopold, German: Leopoldsorden) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood. It is the oldest and highest order of Belgium and is named in honour of its founder, King Leopold I. It consists of a military, a maritime and a civil division. The maritime division is only awarded to personnel of the merchant navy, and the military division to military personnel. The decoration was established on 11 July 1832 and is awarded by Royal decree.
VP-3
VP-3 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 16-F (VP-16F) on 2 January 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 16 (VP-16) on 1 October 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 41 (VP-41) on 1 July 1939, redesignated Bombing Squadron 136 (VB-136) on 1 March 1943, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 136 (VPB-136) on 1 October 1944, redesignated Patrol Squadron 136 (VP-136) on 15 May 1946, redesignated Medium Patrol Squadron (landplane) 3 (VP-ML-3) on 15 November 1946, redesignated Patrol Squadron 3 (VP-3) on 1 September 1948, and was disestablished on 1 November 1955. It was the second squadron to be designated VP-3, the first VP-3 was redesignated VP-32 on 1 July 1939.

Lockheed P-2 Neptune
The Lockheed P-2 Neptune (designated P2V by the United States Navy prior to September 1962) is a maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft. It was developed for the US Navy by Lockheed to replace the Lockheed PV-1 Ventura and PV-2 Harpoon, and was replaced in turn by the Lockheed P-3 Orion. Designed as a land-based aircraft, the Neptune never made a carrier landing, but a small number were converted and deployed as carrier-launched (using JATO assist), stop-gap nuclear bombers that would have to land on shore or ditch. The type was successful in export, and saw service with several armed forces.
Manitou Passage
Manitou Passage is a navigable Lake Michigan waterway separating North and South Manitou Island from mainland Michigan. The passage—used by deep-draft lake freighters—is located in Leelanau County and is within the Manitou Passage Underwater Preserve.

John F. Kennedy's president yacht S/Y Manitou was named after Manitou Passage.

North Manitou Island
North Manitou Island (/ˈmænətu/ MAN-ə-too) is located in Lake Michigan, approximately 12 miles (19 km) west-northwest of Leland, Michigan.  It is nearly eight miles long and more than four miles (6 km) wide, with 20 miles (32 km) of shoreline. It has a land area of 57.876 km2 (22.346 sq mi) and has no population. The smaller South Manitou Island lies to its southwest.
Deaths in May 2019
The following is a list of notable deaths in May 2019.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

United States District Court for the District of Colorado
The United States District Court for the District of Colorado (in case citations, D. Colo. or D. Col.) is a federal court in the Tenth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on June 26, 1876, pending Colorado statehood on August 1, 1876.

As of June 15, 2025, the interim United States attorney for the District is Peter McNeilly.
MSM-1
MSM-1 USEL (Unità di Soccorso E Lavoro - Rescue and Work Vessel) was a deep-submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV) that was rated to dive up to 600 m (1,969 ft). It was built by Cantieri Navali Ernesto Breda/Fincantieri for the Marina Militare. The sub was capable of descending to 600 metres (2,000 ft) below the surface and could carry 8 passengers at a time in addition to her crew. MSM-1 USEL was hosted by mother ship Anteo at La Spezia from 1980 to 2002. That year MSM-1 USEL was replaced by the DRASS Galeazzi SRV-300.

Deep-submergence rescue vehicle
A deep-submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV) is a type of deep-submergence vehicle used for rescue of personnel from disabled submarines and submersibles. While DSRV is the term most often used by the United States Navy, other nations have different designations for their equivalent vehicles.