hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fred Ray
Frederic E. "Fred" Ray, Jr. (February 4, 1920 – January 23, 2001) was an American comic book artist and commercial illustrator best known as the primary Superman cover-artist of the 1940s, whose work helped shape the defining look of the iconic superhero character, and for his more than two decades as artist of the DC Comics feature "Tomahawk". His cover of Superman #14 (Feb. 1942) is one of comics' most famous.

World's Finest Comics
World's Finest Comics is an American comic book series published by DC Comics from 1941 to 1986. The series was initially titled World's Best Comics for its first issue; issue #2 (Summer 1941) switched to the more familiar name. Michael E. Uslan has speculated that this was because DC received a cease and desist letter from Better Publications, Inc., who had been publishing a comic book entitled Best Comics since November 1939. Virtually every issue featured DC's two leading superheroes, Superman and Batman, with the earliest issues also featuring Batman's sidekick, Robin.
Martha Gandy Fales
Martha Lou Gandy Fales (October 31, 1930 – February 24, 2006) was an American art historian, museum curator, and author specializing in historic American silversmithing and jewelry. She worked as a curator and keeper of the silver at the Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library during the late 1950s and worked mostly as an independent historian and consultant after that. Her seminal book Jewelry in America (1995) received the Charles F. Montgomery Prize from the Decorative Arts Society.

Essex Institute
The Essex Institute (1848–1992) in Salem, Massachusetts, was "a literary, historical and scientific society." It maintained a museum, library, historic houses; arranged educational programs; and issued numerous scholarly publications. In 1992 the institute merged with the Peabody Museum of Salem to form the Peabody Essex Museum.

On December 8, 2017, Dan L. Monroe, PEM’s Rose-Marie and Eijk van Otterloo Director and CEO, issued a statement announcing that the 42,000 linear feet of historical documents will be permanently relocated to Rowley, MA to allow Plummer Hall and Daland House, the two historic buildings which had housed the Phillips Library, to undergo critically needed preservation and renovation work.
HMS Sussex (96)
HMS Sussex was one of the London sub-class of the County-class heavy cruisers in the Royal Navy. She was laid down by R. and W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Limited, at Hebburn-on-Tyne on 1 February 1927, launched on 22 February 1928 and completed on 19 March 1929.

R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company
R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Limited, usually referred to as Hawthorn Leslie, was a shipbuilder and locomotive manufacturer. The company was founded on Tyneside in 1886 and ceased building ships in 1982.
Child slavery
Child slavery means that children have to work under slave-like conditions. Even though slavery has been abolished, there are still many children with this fate. Many of them live in developing countries. The enslavement of children can be traced back through history. Despite the fact that slavery has been abolished, children continue to be enslaved and trafficked, particularly in developing countries. Like other forms of modern slavery, child slavery is also often linked to poverty, as some impoverished families "sell" their children to their captors because they cannot adequately take care of them and do not see any other option.

Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps.
Houston tunnel system
The Houston tunnel system is a network of subterranean, climate-controlled, pedestrian walkways that links 95 full city blocks 20 feet (6 m) below Houston's downtown streets. It is approximately six miles (9.7 km) long. There are similar systems in Chicago, Dallas, Oklahoma City, Montreal, and Toronto. Architectural historian Stephen Fox has stated that the idea for the tunnel system came when the Bank of the Southwest Building was "linked by tunnel to the 1010 Garage and the Mellie Esperson Building" in 1961.

Dallas Pedestrian Network
The Dallas Pedestrian Network or Dallas Pedway is a system of grade-separated walkways covering thirty-six city blocks of Downtown Dallas, Texas, United States. The system connects buildings, garages and parks through tunnels and above-ground skybridges. The network contains an underground city of shops, restaurants and offices during weekday business hours.

The underground network was the idea of Montreal urban planner Vincent Ponte, who was also responsible for  Montreal's Underground City.
Idris Talog Davies
Idris Talog Davies CBE (1 July 1917 – 21 July 1977) was a British judge who served in several high-ranking positions which included being appointed as a member of the Brunei Privy Council and the Brunei Attorney General. Notably, he was among the Advisory Editorial Board for the Malayan Law Journal, and a lifetime member of the Malaysian Historical Society.

Privy Council (Brunei)
The Privy Council (Malay: Majlis Mesyuarat Diraja) is a formal body of advisers to the monarch of Brunei.  When His Majesty appoints people to posts with traditional ranks, titles, and honours, the council provides advice.
Aminopropionitrile
Aminopropionitrile, also known as β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), is an organic compound with both amine and nitrile functional groups. It is a colourless liquid. The compound occurs naturally and is of interest in the biomedical community.

Nitrile
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH3CH2C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.

Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic.
WKKM-LP
WKKM-LP is an American low-power FM radio station, licensed to the city of Harrison, Michigan. The station operates on a frequency of 106.5 MHz with an effective radiated power of 83 watts.  The station is owned by Hope Baptist Church of Harrison; studios, offices and transmitter facilities are at 209 East Spruce Street in Harrison.

Harrison, Michigan
Harrison is a city in and county seat of Clare County, Michigan, United States.  The population was 2,150 at the 2020 census.

The community was settled as early as 1877 and was named after William Henry Harrison. Wilson State Park and Budd Lake are located within the city.
Have You Been Paying Attention?
Have You Been Paying Attention? (abbreviated as HYBPA?) is an Australian panel game television quiz show on Network 10. The series, which is produced by Working Dog Productions, is a mix of news and comedy which sees host Tom Gleisner quiz five guests (of whom Ed Kavalee and Sam Pang are permanent panellists) on the week's top news stories.

Despite a disappointing start in ratings, and initially a change in timeslot and format, the series has proven to be a consistent performer for Network Ten, having its ratings increase with successive seasons and receiving critical acclaim. The show has won a total of nine Logie Awards, for Most Popular Entertainment Program (2017), Most Outstanding Entertainment Program (2017 and 2019), Most Popular Comedy Program (2018, 2019, 2022 and 2023) and Best Comedy Entertainment Program (2024 and 2025).

Logie Awards of 2017
The 59th Annual TV Week Logie Awards were held on Sunday 23 April 2017 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast live on the Nine Network. Public voting for the Best Award categories began on 20 November 2016 and ended on 18 December 2016.

Following the return of the Logie Award for Best Factual Program category at the 2016 Logie Awards, the 2017 Awards reinstated the category of Logie Award for Most Outstanding Factual or Documentary Program, which is not a publicly voted category.

Dannii Minogue was named as 2017 Logies ambassador.
Governor of Trabzon
The Governor of Trabzon (Turkish: Trabzon Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Trabzon. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Trabzon is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Trabzon. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Trabzon provincial police force and the Trabzon Gendarmerie.

Ministry of Interior (Turkey)
The Ministry of Interior or Ministry of the Interior or Interior Ministry (Turkish: İçişleri Bakanlığı lit. Ministry of Internal Affairs) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for interior security affairs in Turkey.

As of 10 February 2026, the current Minister of the Interior is Mustafa Çiftçi.
Ross Pond State Park
Ross Pond State Park is a public recreation area covering 314 acres (127 ha) in the town of Killingly, Connecticut. The state park offers hiking, hunting, fishing, and a boat launch. It sits adjacent to Old Furnace State Park and a blue-blazed trail connects the two. Ross Pond State Park entered the Connecticut Register and Manual in 1964 as a state park of 181 acres (73 ha).

Killingly, Connecticut
Killingly is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. Killingly is the largest town by population in the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 17,752 at the 2020 census. It consists of the borough of Danielson and the villages of Attawaugan, Ballouville, Dayville, East Killingly, Rogers, and South Killingly.
Fairfield Stags
The Fairfield Stags are the athletic programs representing Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. Most of the programs are members of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC) and classified as Division I (non-football) in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

The men's and women's golf programs are both ranked among the best in the nation for academics, according to Golf Digest.

1973 National Invitation Tournament
The 1973 National Invitation Tournament was the 1973 edition of the annual NCAA college basketball competition.  The tournament started on March 17 and concluded on March 25, with all fifteen games at Madison Square Garden in New York City. It was won by Virginia Tech, which won its four games by a total of five points, including a 92–91 overtime victory over Notre Dame.
Museology
Museology (also called museum studies or museum science) is the study of museums. It explores the history of museums and their role in society, as well as the activities they engage in, including curating, preservation, public programming, and education.

Museum of Anthropology at UBC
The Museum of Anthropology at the University of British Columbia (UBC) campus in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada displays world arts and cultures, in particular works by First Nations of the Pacific Northwest. As well as being a major tourist destination, MOA is a research and teaching museum, where UBC courses in art, anthropology, archaeology, conservation, and museum studies are given. MOA houses close to 50,000 ethnographic objects, as well as 535,000 archaeological objects in its building alone.
Pachira sessilis
Pachira sessilis is a neotropical tree in the subfamily Bombacoideae of the family Malvaceae and is native to Central America. Its common name is yuco de monte. The leaves are palmately divided with 5 to 7 leaflets, but differ from other Pachira species in having indented leaf tips. The  large flowers are similar in form to those of Pachira aquatica but smaller and dark red.

Bombacoideae
Bombacoideae is a subfamily of the mallow family, Malvaceae. It contains herbaceous and woody plants. Their leaves are alternate, commonly palmately lobed, with small and caducous stipules. The flowers are hermaphroditic and actinomorphic; the calyx has 5 sepals united at the base, which are not accompanied by an epicalyx (involucel). The corolla has 5 free petals and an androecium of numerous stamens, typically with free filaments which are not fused in a staminal tube (column). The pollen is smooth and the ovary superior and pluricarpellate. The fruits are schizocarpous or capsular.
Don't Lose the Magic
"Don't Lose the Magic" is a song recorded by American singer Shawn Christopher, which was co-written by Mike "Hitman" Wilson, Shawn's brother Gavin Christopher and Bill Dickens, and co-produced by Wilson with Neal Howard, Chris Cooke, George Hess and engineer Goh Hotoda. The single was the follow-up to "Another Sleepless Night", as well as her second number-one single on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart, reaching the top spot on March 28, 1992, for two weeks. On the Billboard Hot 100 chart, it peaked at number 71, while in the United Kingdom, it reached number 30 on the UK Singles Chart, her highest chart position there.  A 1999 remix of the song also hit the US Dance chart.

David Morales
David Morales (/məˈræləs/; born August 21, 1961) is an American disc jockey, record producer and remixer.

David Morales has remixed and produced over 500 releases for artists including Mariah Carey, Aretha Franklin, Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson, Spice Girls, Eric Clapton, Seal, Pet Shop Boys, U2, Donna Summer, Whitney Houston, Tina Turner, Madonna, Selena, and Jamiroquai. Morales was nominated for his first Grammy Award in 1996 as a Producer on Mariah Carey's album Daydream for the song “Daydream Interlude (Fantasy Sweet Dub Mix)”. He was nominated again the next year and won the 1998 Grammy Award for “Remixer of the Year”.

Morales is considered to be one of the first so-called superstar DJs. He has performed at many clubs around the globe, including numerous dates at Ibiza venues such as Pacha and Space. Morales also contributed to radio shows and released DJ mix compilations.
Ralph Barnes (priest)
Ralph Barnes (4 November 1731 – 20 May 1820) was an English Anglican priest who was the Archdeacon of Totnes from 1775 until 1820.

He was the son of Henry Barnes of St Andrew parish in London. His father was a Secondary of the Court of Common Pleas. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford and graduated B.A. at St Edmund Hall, Oxford in 1757 and M.A. 1760.

He died at Harberton, aged 88.

His son George and grandson Herbert Barnes were both Archdeacon of Barnstaple.

Archdeacon of Totnes
The Archdeacon of Totnes or Totton is the senior ecclesiastical officer in charge of one of the oldest archdeaconries in England. It is an administrative division of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter and under the oversight of the Bishop suffragan of Plymouth.
Gammatorquevirus
Gammatorquevirus is a genus of viruses in the family Anelloviridae, in group II in the Baltimore classification. It contains 15 species. The fifteen species are all commonly called "torque teno midi virus" (TTMDV), number 1–15.

Anelloviridae
Anelloviridae is a family of viruses. They are classified as vertebrate viruses and have a non-enveloped capsid, which is round with isometric, icosahedral symmetry and has a triangulation number of 3.

The name is derived from Italian anello 'ring', referring to the circular genome of anelloviruses. It is the sole representative of its own phylum, Commensaviricota (from its "commensal" lifestyle in the human virome + -viricota).
Garbage
Garbage, trash (American English), rubbish (Commonwealth English), or refuse is waste material that is discarded by humans, usually due to a perceived lack of utility. The term generally does not encompass bodily waste products, purely liquid or gaseous wastes, or toxic waste products. Garbage is commonly sorted and classified into kinds of material suitable for specific kinds of disposal.

Toxic waste
Toxic waste is any unwanted material in all forms that can cause harm (e.g. by being inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin). Mostly generated by industry, consumer products like televisions, computers, and phones contain toxic chemicals that can pollute the air and contaminate soil and water. Disposing of such waste is a major public health issue. Increased rates of cancer in humans and animals are linked to exposure to toxic chemicals. Toxic waste disposal is often seen as an environmental justice problem, as toxic waste is disproportionately dumped in or near marginalized communities.
Binzen
Binzen (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪntsn̩]; Alemannic German: Binze) is a municipality in the southwestern German Federal State of Baden-Württemberg, part of the district Lörrach. The town's coat of arms was granted on 29 August 1967.  The blazon of the arms is Azure a Garb Or on a Chief Gules a Rising Sun in Splendour Or. The town is the seat of the municipal administrative association Vorderes Kandertal.

Lörrach (district)
Lörrach is a Landkreis (district) in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Waldshut. To the west it borders the French département Haut-Rhin; to the south the Swiss cantons Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft and Aargau.
Hwangbo
Hwangbo Hye-jeong (Korean: 황보혜정; born on 16 August 1980), better known as Hwangbo, is a South Korean singer and rapper. She debuted in 1999 as a rapper in the group Bros, before joining the K-pop girl group Chakra in 2000. After Chakra disbanded in 2006, Hwangbo released the solo album Lady In Black in 2007. She has acted in South Korean dramas including Between Miss and Ma'am (2004) and Could Love Become Money (2012). She was also a cast member on the variety shows We Got Married (2008) and Infinite Girls (2008–2013).

Mapo District
Mapo District (Korean: 마포구; RR: Mapo-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. Mapo has a population of 381,330 (2015) and has a geographic area of 23.87 km2 (9.22 sq mi), and is divided into 24 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Mapo is located in western Seoul on the northern bank of the Han River, bordering the Gyeonggi Province city of Goyang to the northwest, and the Seoul city districts of Gangseo to the west, Yeongdeungpo to the south, Yongsan to the southeast, Jung to the east, and Seodaemun and Eunpyeong to the north.

Mapo is home to several universities and government buildings, and is well known for the Hongdae club district around Hongik University. Mapo is connected to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway's Line 2, Line 5, and Line 6, as well as the Airport Railroad, and the Korail Gyeongui-Jungang Line, which all pass through this district. The Seoul World Cup Stadium, a famous landmark in Seoul, is located in Sangam in northwest Mapo.
Biathlon World Championships 2013 – Mixed relay
The Mixed relay event of the Biathlon World Championships 2013 was held on February 7, 2013. 27 nations participated with two male and female biathletes. The women's course was 6 km and the men's 7.5 km.

Biathlon World Championships 2013
The 46th Biathlon World Championships was held in Nové Město na Moravě, Czech Republic, from 7 to 17 February 2013.

There were a total of 11 competitions: sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start and relay races for both men, women and a mixed relay. All events during the championships also counted for the Biathlon World Cup season.

Norway took a record 8 out of 11 gold medals.
Raumbild-Verlag
Raumbild-Verlag ("Raumbild") was a German publishing outfit which focused exclusively on stereoscopic imagery, usually accompanied by expository text. Founded in Dießen in the 1930s by Otto Wilhelm Schönstein (1891–1958), Raumbild produced 6x13cm photographic stereo pairs designed to be used with the proprietary fold-out "Photoplastikon" viewer produced for the company, some of which featured Zeiss Jena lenses. Quickly aligning itself with the propaganda arm of the NSDAP, Raumbild moved around several times before settling in Munich in 1939. After the defeat of Germany in the Second World War, Raumbild changed directions in terms of content, while still focusing on subjects relevant to German identity. In 1996, the German Historical Museum obtained the remaining archives of Raumbild, which are now available to researchers.

Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda, RMVP), also known simply as the Ministry of Propaganda (Propagandaministerium), controlled the content of the press, literature, visual arts, film, theater, music and radio in Nazi Germany.

The ministry was created as the central institution of Nazi propaganda shortly after the party's national seizure of power in January 1933. In the Hitler cabinet, it was headed by Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, who exercised control over all German mass media and creative artists through his ministry and the Reich Chamber of Culture (Reichskulturkammer), which was established in the fall of 1933. It was abolished by the Flensburg Government on 5 May 1945.
Hekla
Hekla (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhɛhkla] ⓘ), or Hecla, is an active stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of 1,491 m (4,892 ft). Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since the year 1210. During the Middle Ages, the Icelandic Norse called the volcano the "Gateway to Hell" and the idea spread over much of Europe.

The volcano's frequent large and often initially explosive eruptions have covered much of Iceland with tephra, and these layers can be used to date eruptions of Iceland's other volcanoes. Approximately 10% of the tephra created in Iceland in the last thousand years has come from Hekla, amounting to 5 km3 (1.2 cu mi). Cumulatively, the volcano has produced one of the largest volumes of lava of any in the world in the last millennium, around 8 km3 (1.9 cu mi).

Eruption column
An eruption column or eruption plume is a cloud of super-heated ash and tephra suspended in gases emitted during an explosive volcanic eruption. The volcanic materials form a vertical column or plume that may rise many kilometers into the air above the vent of the volcano. In the most explosive eruptions, the eruption column may rise over 40 km (25 mi), penetrating the stratosphere. Injection of aerosols into the stratosphere by volcanoes is a major cause of short-term climate change.

A common occurrence in explosive eruptions is column collapse when the eruption column is or becomes too dense to be lifted high into the sky by air convection, and instead falls down the slopes of the volcano to form pyroclastic flows or surges (although the latter is less dense). On some occasions, if the material is not dense enough to fall, it may create pyrocumulonimbus clouds.