hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alex Dibbs
Arthur Henry Alexander Dibbs CBE (9 December 1918 – 28 November 1985) was a British banker who served as CEO from 1972 until 1977 and then as deputy chairman of the NatWest Group until 1982.

Dibbs was nominated President of Marylebone Cricket Club (for 1983/84) by Sir Anthony Tuke.

Anthony Tuke (1920–2001)
Sir Anthony Favill Tuke (22 August 1920 – 6 March 2001) was chairman of Barclays Bank from 1973 to 1981 and Rio Tinto Zinc until 1985.

Anthony Tuke was the son of A. W. "Iron" Tuke, chairman of Barclays from 1951 to 1962, and the grandson of W. F. Tuke, who was chairman from 1934 to 1936.

Tuke was educated at Winchester and Magdalene College, Cambridge.

He was chairman of Barclays Bank from 1973 to 1981, when he was succeeded by Timothy Bevan.

He was chairman of RTZ until 1985, and was also deputy chairman of Royal Insurance from 1985 to 1992.

He served as President of the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1982.
Van der Corput lemma (harmonic analysis)
In mathematics, in the field of harmonic analysis,
the van der Corput lemma is an estimate for oscillatory integrals
named after the Dutch mathematician J. G. van der Corput.

The following result is stated by E. Stein:

Suppose that a real-valued function  is smooth in an open interval ,
and that  for all .
Assume that either , or that
 and  is monotone for .
Then there is a constant , which does not depend on ,
such that

for any .

Elias M. Stein
Elias Menachem Stein (January 13, 1931 – December 23, 2018) was an American mathematician who was a leading figure in the field of harmonic analysis. He was the Albert Baldwin Dod Professor of Mathematics, Emeritus, at Princeton University, where he was a faculty member from 1963 until his death in 2018.
Spanochori
Spanochori (Greek: Σπανοχώρι) is a small village on the island of Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece. According to the 2021 census, Spanochori had a population of 124. Until 2011 it was part of the municipal unit Sfakiotes, which has become defunct. It is now part of the unit Lefkada. Spanochori was the 3rd smallest village in the old municipality as of 2001.

Lefkada
Lefkada (Greek: Λευκάδα, Lefkáda, [lefˈkaða]), also known as Lefkas or Leukas (Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Λευκάς, Leukás, modern pronunciation Lefkás) and Leucadia, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea on the west coast of Greece, connected to the mainland by a long causeway and floating bridge. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Lefkada. It is situated in the northern part of the island, approximately 25 minutes by automobile away from Aktion National Airport. The island is part of the regional unit of Lefkada.
1950 USS Missouri grounding
The USS Missouri grounding occurred 17 January 1950 when the battleship USS Missouri (BB-63) ran aground while sailing out of Chesapeake Bay. No one was injured, but the battleship remained stuck for over two weeks before being freed from the sand. The ship was so damaged that she had to return to port and enter dry dock for repairs.

After the battleship was freed, a naval court of inquiry found Captain William D. Brown and a handful of other naval officers guilty of negligence. Brown was moved down 250 places on the promotion list, effectively ending his naval career.

Missouri was repaired and reentered service with the active fleet shortly afterward. She would go on to serve in the Korean War before being decommissioned in 1954. She entered the Puget Sound Reserve Fleet in Bremerton, Washington, where she remained until being reactivated in 1984 as part of the 600-ship Navy plan put forth by then President Ronald Reagan and his Navy Secretary John Lehman.

Ship grounding
Ship grounding or ship stranding is the impact of a ship on seabed or
waterway side.  It may be intentional, as in beaching to land crew or cargo, and careening, for maintenance or repair, or unintentional, as in a marine accident. In accidental cases, it is commonly referred to as "running aground".

When unintentional, grounding may result simply in stranding, with or without damage to the submerged part of the ship's hull.  Breach of the hull may lead to significant flooding, which in the absence of containment in watertight bulkheads may substantially compromise the ship's structural integrity, stability, and safety.
The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance
The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance is a scientific paper by British statistician and geneticist Ronald Fisher which was published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1918, marking a significant milestone in genetics. In this study, Fisher integrated Mendel's principles of inheritance with statistical techniques to clarify how characteristics could manifest as both continuous (such as height or weight) and still be regulated by distinct genetic factors. By closing this gap, Fisher demonstrated that the mixing patterns observed in complex traits could arise from the cumulative effects of numerous individual genes, all adhering to Mendelian principles. This link established the basis for contemporary quantitative genetics and assisted in merging biological inheritance with mathematical evaluation.

Biostatistics
Biostatistics (sometimes referred to as biometry) is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in the biological sciences, with a focus on clinical medicine and public health applications. 
The field encompasses the design of experiments, the collection and analysis of experimental and observational data, and the interpretation of the results.
It is closely related to medical statistics.
1977 Afars and Issas Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in the French Territory of the Afars and Issas on 8 May 1977 alongside a referendum on independence. The elections were boycotted by the Djibouti Liberation Movement, the National Union for Independence and the Popular Liberation Movement, resulting in the People's Rally for Independence winning all 65 seats.

French Territory of the Afars and the Issas
The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (FTAI; French: Territoire français des Afars et des Issas) was the name given to present-day Djibouti between 1967 and 1977, while it was still an overseas territory of France. The area was formerly known as French Somaliland (Côte française des Somalis). Its name derives from the Afar people of Djibouti and the Somali Issa clan.
Once More (EP)
Once More is an extended play (EP) by the American rapper xaviersobased. It was surprise-released on August 1, 2025, through Surf Gang Records and Atlantic Records. It is a six-track hip-hop EP that blends internet-era subgenres such as jerk, cloud rap, pluggnB, and hyperpop. The EP was promoted with the release of a music video for "Worth It", and an accompanying North American tour, the Riverside Tour, in November and December 2025. Music critics praised the EP as a stylistic refinement of xaviersobased's sound, and it was listed as one of the best EPs of 2025 by Our Culture Mag.

Keep It Goin Xav
Keep It Goin Xav is the fifth solo mixtape by the American rapper Xaviersobased. Hosted by DJ Renessy, it was self-released on January 15, 2024, on SoundCloud before its release to other streaming services on January 21. The mixtape was produced by several producers including Xaviersobased himself and features guest appearances from Jtxpo, Kuru, Yhapojj, and Nettspend.

A New York hip-hop mixtape, Keep It Goin Xav draws influences from Atlanta trap, Chicago drill, and jerk, blending the digital sound of Internet rap with Xaviersobased's Upper Manhattan roots. The song "On My Own" released as a single from the mixtape. Keep It Goin Xav was considered one of the best albums of 2024 by Pitchfork and The Fader, with the former also naming it the best rap album of the year.
Dębica, Pyrzyce County
Dębica [dɛmˈbit͡sa] (German: Damnitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warnice, within Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Warnice, 15 km (9 mi) north of Pyrzyce, and 32 km (20 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Warnice, Pyrzyce County
Warnice [varˈnit͡sɛ] (German: Warnitz) is a village in Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Warnice. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Pyrzyce and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
Aslanbek Bulatsev
Aslanbek Soltanovich Bulatsev (Russian: Асланбек Солтанович Булацев; born 3 May 1963 in Mikhaylovskoye, Prigorodny District, North Ossetian ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is an Ossetian politician and official. Bulatsev formerly worked as a tax chief in the Russian region of North Ossetia. On 22 October 2008 he was appointed Prime Minister of the Republic of South Ossetia by the South Ossetian parliament. Bulatsev was fired, according to the official decree, on health reasons, on 4 August 2009. He was replaced by Vadim Brovtsev, the head of a Russian construction company.

Prime Minister of South Ossetia
The Prime Minister of the Republic of South Ossetia, officially known as the Chairman of the Government (Russian: Председатель Правительства), is the de facto head of government of the partially recognized Republic of South Ossetia that is de jure part of Georgia. This is a list of the de facto prime ministers of the Republic of South Ossetia.
International Chemistry Olympiad
The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is an annual academic competition for high school students. It is one of the International Science Olympiads. The first IChO was held in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1968. The event has been held every year since then, with the exception of 1971. The delegations that attended the first events were mostly countries of the former Eastern bloc and it was not until 1980, the 12th annual International Chemistry Olympiad, that the event was held outside of the bloc in Austria.

Up to 4 students for each national team compete around July in both a theoretical and an experimental sections, with about half of the participants being awarded medals.

International Science Olympiad
The International Science Olympiads are a group of worldwide annual competitions in various areas of the formal sciences, natural sciences, and social sciences. The competitions are designed for the 4-6 best high school students from each participating country selected through internal National Science Olympiads, with the exception of the IOL, which allows two teams per country, the IOI, which allows two teams from the hosting country, and the IJSO, which is designed for junior secondary students and also allows two teams from the hosting country. Early editions of the first Olympiads were limited to the Eastern Bloc, but later they gradually spread to other countries.
San Bartolomeo al Mare
San Bartolomeo al Mare (Ligurian: San Bartumé) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Imperia.

San Bartolomeo al Mare borders the following municipalities: Andora, Cervo, Diano Castello, Diano Marina, Diano San Pietro, and Villa Faraldi.

Cervo, Liguria
Cervo (Ligurian: O Çervo) is a small, ancient town and comune, built on top of a hill along the Italian Riviera in the province of Imperia. It has approximately 1,200 inhabitants. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
History of trams
The history of trams, streetcars, or trolleys began in the early nineteenth century. It can be divided up into several discrete periods defined by the principal means of motive power used. Eventually, the so-called US "street railways" were deemed advantageous auxiliaries of the new elevated and/or tunneled metropolitan steam railways.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Saint Enogat
Saint Enogat was a Breton saint and the fifth or sixth Bishop of Saint-Malo.  His feast is 13 January.

Enogat was Abbot at Saint-Méen and Bishop of Aleth (now Saint-Malo). He restored the abbey of Saint-Méen and was noticed for his talents as administrator. He obtained for his abbey the possession of the abbey of Gaël. He collaborated with Conwoïon at the Abbey of Redon for the establishment of new monastic rules and was -- it is said -- at the origin of the election of the abbots by the members of the community.

Conwoïon
Saint Conwoïon (or Convoyon or Konvoion) was a Breton saint and abbot. He was probably born around 800 at Comblessac (Ille-et-Vilaine) into a Gallo-Roman family descended, or claiming descent, from Roman senators ("ex genere senatorio").

He succeeded in the foundation of a new abbey dedicated to Saint Maixent in the present village of Saint-Maxent, now in the commune of Plélan-le-Grand, where he died in 868.

He was also instrumental in the foundation of Redon Abbey in 832, where he was the first abbot. He acted as adviser to Nominoe, first Duke of Brittany, in his relations with Charles the Bald.

The feast day of Saint Conwoïon is 5 January.
USS Naubuc (AN-84)
USS Naubuc (YN-109/AN-84/YRST-4) was a Cohoes-class net laying ship which was assigned to protect United States Navy ships and harbors during World War II with her anti-submarine nets. Her World War II career was short due to the war coming to an end, and she was inactivated only to be commissioned again some time later as a tender for salvage craft.

Cohoes-class net laying ship
The Cohoes-class net laying ships consisted of fifteen steel hull ships built near the end of World War II for the United States Navy, the last being commissioned shortly after war's end. They were similar in appearance and construction to the predecessor Aloe class, with slight differences in dimensions and displacement. Unlike previous net-laying classes, names were taken from a variety of place names, rather than from plants. All but two were decommissioned and put into reserve by the end of 1947, but most were reactivated at various times in the early 1950s and remained active until the early 1960s, when seven were transferred through lease or sale to several foreign navies. Two were transferred to other federal agencies; two were reactivated in the late 1960s and these served into the 1970s. Some of those transferred abroad were still active as late as 2007; none were lost in action.
Spirogyra Butterfly Farm Park Garden
The Spirogyra Butterfly Farm Park Garden, (Spanish: Mariposario Spirogyra), located in San Francisco de Goicoechea, on the edge of Rio Torres, north of Zoológico Simón Bolívar, in Barrio Amon, Carmen District, San José, Costa Rica, is a butterfly house that houses from 50 to 60 different species of live butterflies from around the country in a climate-controlled, glass-enclosed habitat.

The conservatory includes flowering plants, cascading waterfalls and trees. There are also several species of free flying "butterfly friendly" birds.

There is a learning center, where guests can get a close up view of a variety of live caterpillars feeding and developing on their host plants. Spirogyra Garden also works with different groups of women from rural areas of Costa Rica find alternative sources of income from field labor cultivating butterflies near forests for export.

Butterfly house
A butterfly house, conservatory, or lepidopterarium is a facility which is specifically intended for the breeding and display of butterflies with an emphasis on education.  They may also be used to support local populations through butterfly release. Some butterfly houses also feature other insects and arthropods.  Butterfly houses are owned and operated by zoos, museums, universities, non-profit corporations, and private individuals as part of their residence; as well as small businesses that are owner operated.
Bridges (Joe album)
Bridges is the twelfth studio album by American musician Joe. It was released by on June 24, 2014 in the United States. The album marked his debut with co-executive producer Gerald Isaac's Plaid Takeover Entertainment after severing business ties with his longtime manager Kedar Massenburg. As with his previous release, 2013's Doubleback: Evolution of R&B, the album was chiefly produced by Derek "D.O.A." Allen, with additional contribution from Isaac, Philip Jackson, Vic Zapata and production team Element.

The album earned generally positive reviews from music critics, who called it one of Joe's best album projects, though some found that Bridges was overlong. The album debuted at number 17 on the US Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 15,000 copies. The first single released from the album was "Love & Sex, Pt. 2", a sequel to his 2013 song featuring singer Kelly Rowland, followed by "If You Lose Her," a top ten hit on the US Adult R&B Songs chart.

Doubleback: Evolution of R&B
Doubleback: Evolution of R&B is the eleventh studio album by American singer Joe. It was released through Massenburg Media on July 2, 2013 in the United States. His debut with the label, following the dissolution of his former record company, the album incorporates classic rhythm and blues influences and features bits and pieces from 1970s' funk and soul. Joe produced half of the album, while Derek "D.O.A." Allen, The Ambassadorz, and production duo Stargate were consulted to contribute additional material.

The album earned generally positive reviews from music critics, some of who called it one of Joe's finer album projects, with some criticizing the sameness of the songs. Doubleback: Evolution of R&B debuted at number six on the US Billboard 200, with first sales of 61,000 copies. It also debuted atop the Top R&B Albums and the Independent Albums charts. The album was preceded by lead single "I'd Rather Have a Love," a top five hit on the Adult R&B Songs chart.
Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University
30°33′56″N 31°00′46″E﻿ / ﻿30.56556°N 31.01278°E﻿ / 30.56556; 31.01278

The Faculty of Electronic Engineering is a faculty of Menoufia University. It was formally designated and established in the city of Menouf as the Higher Institute of Electronics under supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education, in 1964. Menouf city lies to the south west of delta at about 65 km north of Cairo.

Menouf
Menouf (Arabic: منوف, romanized: Minūf, from Coptic: ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ) is a city in Egypt located in the Nile Delta. It has an area of 18.76 square kilometers. The city gave name to the Monufia Governorate that it is located in and it was the capital of the governorate until 1826. Menouf is one of the several continually inhabited ancient Egyptian cities in the governorate.
1999 Davis Cup
The 1999 Davis Cup (also known as the 1999 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 88th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 129 teams entered the competition, 16 in the World Group, 30 in the Americas Zone, 32 in the Asia/Oceania Zone, and 51 in the Europe/Africa Zone. Fiji made its first appearances in the tournament.

Australia defeated France in the final, held at the Acropolis Exhibition Hall in Nice, France, on 3–5 December, to win their 27th title and their first since 1986. Mark Philippoussis, Lleyton Hewitt and doubles pairing Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde made up the winning Australian team in the final; Pat Rafter, who was involved in the Aussies' run to the final was forced to pull out due to injury.

1986 Davis Cup
The 1986 Davis Cup (also known as the 1986 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 75th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. This year's tournament marked the introduction of the Africa Zone, which served as a qualifying sub-round for the Europe Zone. 71 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 33 in the Europe Zone (including 9 in the Africa Zone), 13 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone. Bangladesh, Ivory Coast, Libya, Malta and Syria made their first appearances in the tournament.

Australia defeated the two-time defending champions Sweden in the final, held at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia, on 26–28 December, to win their 26th Davis Cup title.
Slovene Studies
Slovene Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on Slovenes as ethnic group and on Slovene culture. It is published by the Society for Slovene Studies and was established in 1973 as Papers in Slovene Studies. It was originally edited by the Slovene linguist Rado Lenček. The journal has been published under its current title since 1979. The editor-in-chief is Timothy Pogacar (Bowling Green State University). The journal addresses international aspects of studies related to ethnic Slovenes and Slovene language and culture.

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
Dougherty v. Stepp
Dougherty v. Stepp, 18 N.C. 371 (N.C. 1835) is a decision of the North Carolina Supreme Court authored by Chief Justice Thomas Ruffin.  For at least a century, this case has been used in first-year Torts classes in American law schools to teach students about the tort of trespass upon real property.

Damages
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognized at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognized for the award of damages.

Compensatory damages are further categorized into special damages, which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages, which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Rather than being compensatory, at common law damages may instead be nominal, contemptuous or exemplary.
2010 All-Ireland Minor Camogie Championship
The 2010 All-Ireland Minor Camogie Championship is an inter-county competition for age graded development squad county teams in the women's team field sport of camogie.  The championship was won by Galway, who defeated Clare by four points in a replayed final. The drawn match was played at Nenagh and the replay at Semple Stadium.

All-Ireland Minor Camogie Championship
The All-Ireland Minor Camogie Championship is a competition for under-18 teams in the women's field sport of camogie. Counties compete for the Síghle Nic an Ultaigh Cup. There are graded competitions at Minor B and Minor C level.