hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murder of Adi Whiting
On January 14, 2024, 34-year-old British man Adrian "Adi" Whiting was murdered outside of the Carpenters Arms pub in Boston, Lincolnshire, England. Whiting was struck on the head with a baseball bat while his wife and children were inside the building. The murderer was identified as 36-year-old Maksim Iliev.

Boston, Lincolnshire
Boston is a market town and inland port in the borough of the same name in the county of Lincolnshire, England. It lies to the south-east of Lincoln, east of Nottingham and north-east of Peterborough. The town had a population of 45,339 at the 2021 census, while the borough had an estimated population of 66,900 at the ONS mid-2015 estimates. The Haven in Boston flows about 5 miles away to the Lincolnshire coast at The Wash, a bay between Lincolnshire and Norfolk.

Boston's most notable landmark is St Botolph's Church, colloquially referred to as 'The Stump', the largest parish church in England, which is visible from miles away across the flat lands of Lincolnshire. Residents of Boston are known as Bostonians. Emigrants from Boston named several other settlements around the world after the town—most notably Boston, Massachusetts, then an English colony and now part of the United States.
Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust
Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals (WWL) NHS Foundation Trust is an NHS Foundation Trust providing services in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan and Wrightington in West Lancashire, England. It was formed on 1 April 2001 by the merger of Wrightington Hospital NHS Trust and Wigan and Leigh Health Services NHS Trust, and became an NHS Foundation Trust in December 2008. "Teaching Hospitals" has been included in its name since 1 April 2020.

NHS foundation trust
NHS foundation trusts are semi-autonomous organisational units within the National Health Service (NHS) in England. They operate with a degree of independence from the Department of Health and Social Care, and—prior to the abolition of strategic health authorities (SHAs) in 2013—from their respective SHA. Foundation trusts were established to decentralise decision-making and improve responsiveness to local needs. As of March 2019, there were 151 foundation trusts in operation.
Patchwork
Patchwork or "pieced work" is a form of needlework that involves sewing together pieces of fabric into a larger design. The larger design is usually based on repeating patterns built up with different fabric shapes (which can be different colors). These shapes are carefully measured and cut, basic geometric shapes making them easy to piece together.

Needlework
Needlework refers to decorative sewing and other textile handicrafts that involve the use of a needle. Needlework may also include related textile crafts like crochet (which uses a hook), or tatting, (which uses a shuttle).

Similar abilities often transfer well between different varieties of needlework, such as fine motor skill and knowledge of textile fibers.  Some of the same tools may be used in several different varieties of needlework.
Canning Downs
Canning Downs was the first residential establishment built by a white person on the Darling Downs in Queensland, Australia. It is located a short drive from the town of Warwick and originally extended south east to Killarney and the McPherson Range. The area was first named after the British statesman George Canning by Allan Cunningham.

The fertile lands around the upper reaches of the Condamine River provided an excellent site for the home of early settler, Patrick Leslie. The station was first declared in the name of Walter Leslie on 7 July 1840.

Canning Downs Homestead is the heritage-listed homestead at Canning Downs. It was built from 1847 to 1900. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
Ananorites
Ananorites is a genus of extinct cephalopods belonging to the ceratitd family Noritidae found in the Middle Triassic of the Himalaya. The shell is  thinly discoidal, evolute, and smooth; cross section highly compressed; venter narrowly rounded except at the late stage where sharp shoulders are developed.

As with others of its kind, Ananorites was probably a nektonic (swimming) stalking marine predator that spent its time hunting above the sea floor.

Noritidae
The Noritidae, sometimes spelled Noritidea, is an extinct cephalopod family  of belonging to the ammonoid order Ceratitida and superfamily Noritoidea.

The Noritidae, which lived during the Early and Middle Triassic, are characterized by smooth, flat, discoidal shells with tabulate venters bordered by pronounced shoulders. Sutures are ceratitic with club-shaped saddles.
Property P conjecture
In geometric topology, the Property P conjecture is a statement about 3-manifolds obtained by Dehn surgery on a knot in the 3-sphere. A knot in the 3-sphere is said to have Property P if every 3-manifold obtained by performing (non-trivial) Dehn surgery on the knot is not simply-connected. The conjecture states that all knots, except the unknot, have Property P.

Research on Property P was started by R. H. Bing, who popularized the name and conjecture.

This conjecture can be thought of as a first step to resolving the Poincaré conjecture, since the Lickorish–Wallace theorem says any closed, orientable 3-manifold results from Dehn surgery on a link.
If a knot  has Property P, then one cannot construct a counterexample to the Poincaré conjecture by surgery along .

A proof was announced in 2004, as the combined result of efforts of mathematicians working in several different fields.

Dehn surgery
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a Dehn surgery, named after Max Dehn, is a construction used to modify 3-manifolds.  The process takes as input a 3-manifold together with a link.  It is often conceptualized as two steps: drilling then filling.
2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship
The 2024 COSAFA U-17 Youth Championship (officially known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations 2025 — COSAFA Qualifiers) was the 12th edition of the COSAFA U-17 Youth Championship (and the 4th time the tournament served as the qualifiers for the continental final tournament), the international youth football championship organised by COSAFA for the men's under-17 national teams of Southern Africa. Mozambique was initially designated to host the tournament but was stripped of the hosting rights due to ongoing protests following the 2024 Mozambican general election. It was then moved to Johannesburg, South Africa.

Zambia were the defending champions, having defeated South Africa 2–1 in the final of the previous edition, and they successfully retained their title by defeating Angola 2–1 in the final.

COSAFA U-17 Youth Championship
The COSAFA U-17 Youth Championship, also known as the COSAFA U-17 Men's Championship, is an international youth football championship organised by COSAFA for the men's under-17 national teams of Southern Africa.

South Africa and Zambia are the most successful teams in this competition, having won four titles each. Amajimbos are the current champions.
Bino (footballer, born 1972)
Manuel Albino Morim Maçães (born 19 December 1972), known as Bino, is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a central midfielder, currently manager of the Portugal national under-17 team.

He appeared in 178 Primeira Liga games over 12 seasons, scoring a total of 14 goals for Porto, Salgueiros, Belenenses, Marítimo and Sporting CP. He won the championship with the first and last clubs, and also spent one year in La Liga with Tenerife.

UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The UEFA European Under-17 Championship, or simply the Euro Under-17, is an annual football competition contested by the men's under-17 national teams of the UEFA member associations.

Spain is the most successful team in this competition, having won nine titles. Portugal are the current champions, having won their 7th title following a 3–0 victory over France in the 2025 final.
British New Guinea Development Company
The British New Guinea Development Company was a company registered in London, England on 11 February 1910. It was formed to acquire and profit from lands, rights, and options in British New Guinea and surrounding islands. The company went into voluntary liquidation to form a new company in 1922.

Territory of Papua
The Territory of Papua was an Australian external territory comprising the south-eastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The Crown colony of British New Guinea was ceded to Australia in 1902 and formally organised as a separate territory in 1906. It was administratively merged with the Territory of New Guinea to the north in 1949 to form the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, which gained independence as Papua New Guinea in 1975.
Rastrophyllum
Rastrophyllum is a genus of African plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Rastrophyllum apiifolium M.G.Gilbert - Tanzania

Rastrophyllum pinnatipartitum Wild & G.V.Pope - Zambia

Vernonieae
Vernonieae is a tribe of about 1300 species of plants in the aster family.  They are mostly found in the tropics and warmer temperate areas, both in the Americas and the Old World. They are mostly herbaceous plants or shrubs, although there is at least one tree species, Strobocalyx arborea.
Peter Grant (athlete)
Peter Treacy Grant (born 5 January 1954) is an Australian sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Grant finished second behind Ed Moses in the 400 metres hurdles event at the British 1979 AAA Championships.

Edwin Moses
Edwin Corley Moses (born August 31, 1955) is an American former hurdler who won gold medals in the 400 m hurdles at the 1976 and 1984 Olympics. Between 1977 and 1987, Moses won 107 consecutive finals (122 consecutive races) and set the world record in the event four times. In addition to his running achievements, Moses was also an innovative reformer in the areas of Olympic eligibility and drug testing. In 2000, he was elected the first Chairman of the Laureus World Sports Academy, an international service organization of world-class athletes.
2010 Clarkson Cup
The 2010 Clarkson Cup was contested at the  Elgin Barrow Arena in  Richmond Hill,  Ontario, Canada. The four competing teams included the  Brampton Thunder,  Minnesota Whitecaps, Mississauga Chiefs, and Montreal Stars.

Richmond Hill, Ontario
Richmond Hill (2021 population: 202,022) is a city in south-central York Region, Ontario, Canada. Part of the Greater Toronto Area, it is the York Region's third most populous municipality and the 27th most populous municipality in Canada. Richmond Hill is situated between the cities of Markham and Vaughan, north of Thornhill, and south of Aurora.

Richmond Hill has seen significant population growth since the 1990s. It became a city in 2019 after being a town since 1957. The city is home to the David Dunlap Observatory telescope, the largest telescope in Canada.
Chamberlain Ranger Station Historic District
The Chamberlain Ranger Station Historic District, also known as the Chamberlain Guard Station, is located in the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness within Payette National Forest in Idaho County, Idaho.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

The listing was for a 100 acres (40 ha) area which included four contributing buildings and two contributing sites.  The station's residence was built during 1937 to 1938.  It is a one-and-a-half-story 28 by 33 feet (8.5 m × 10.1 m) log building on a concrete and rock masonry foundation, based on a USFS Standard Plan model R-4 #53-c.  Its walls are peeled lodgepole pine logs from trees cut on the site.  Its corners are saddle-notched.

Other structures include one built during the first decade of the 20th century, moved to the site in 1954, and another built c.1921.

Idaho County, Idaho
Idaho County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho, and the largest by area in the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,541. The county seat is Grangeville. Previous county seats of the area were Florence (1864–68), Washington (1868–75), and Mount Idaho (1875–1902).
Kelekli, Karkamış
Kelekli, formerly Şara, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karkamış, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 792 in 2022 and is inhabited by Turkmens of the Barak tribe.

Karkamış
Karkamış, formerly Carablus, is a municipality and district of Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its area is 298 km2, and its population is 9,379 (2022). It is next to the site of ancient Carchemish.

It is a border checkpoint on the road to Jarabulus in Syria.
Cham Push
Cham Push (Persian: چم پوش, also Romanized as Cham Pūsh and Champūsh) is a village in Bijnavand Rural District, in the Zagros District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 14 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Bijnavand Rural District
Bijnavand Rural District (Persian: دهستان بيجنوند) is in Zagros District of Chardavol County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Zir Tang. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Balavah Tareh-ye Sofla, now the city of Balavah.
English ship Sapphire (1651)
Sapphire was a 38-gun fourth-rate of the Commonwealth of England. After commissioning she was actively involved in the First Anglo-Dutch War, participating in most major fleet actions. During the Second Anglo-Dutch War, she was only in the first two engagements then spent her time in Irish Waters and the Mediterranean. She was run ashore due to a pending attack by suspected Algerian pirates on Sicily in March 1670.

Sapphire was the first named vessel in the English and Royal Navy.

Second Anglo-Dutch War
The Second Anglo-Dutch War began on 4 March 1665 and concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Breda on 31 July 1667. It was one in a series of naval wars between England and the Dutch Republic, driven largely by commercial disputes.

Despite several major battles, neither side was able to score a decisive victory, and by the end of 1666 the war had reached stalemate. Peace talks made little progress until the Dutch Raid on the Medway in June 1667 forced Charles II to agree to the Treaty of Breda.

By eliminating a number of long-standing issues, the terms eventually made it possible for England and the Dutch Republic to unite against the expansionist policies pursued by Louis XIV of France. In the short-term however, Charles's desire to avenge this setback led to the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672.
Sonnet 10
Sonnet 10 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a procreation sonnet within the Fair Youth sequence.

In the sonnet, Shakespeare uses a rather harsh tone to admonish the young man for his refusal to fall in love and have children. It also continues and amplifies the theme of "hatred against the world" which appears rather suddenly in the last couplet of Sonnet 9. The two sonnets may be said therefore to be linked (like Sonnets 5 and 6 or Sonnets 15 and 16) even though the linkage takes a different form.

Sonnet 5
Sonnet 5 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a procreation sonnet within the Fair Youth sequence. Sonnet 5 is linked to Sonnet 6, which continues the theme of distillation.
Timeline of Christian missions
This timeline of Christian missions chronicles the global expansion of Christianity through a listing of the most significant missionary outreach events. Christian missions began from the earliest days of Christianity and its adherents believe that the mission will continue until Jesus Christ returns.

OMF International
OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before 1964 the China Inland Mission) is an international and interdenominational Evangelical Christian missionary society with an international centre in Singapore. It was founded in Britain by Hudson Taylor on 25 June 1865.
Parallel Extensions
Parallel Extensions was the development name for a managed concurrency library developed by a collaboration between Microsoft Research and the CLR team at Microsoft.  The library was released in version 4.0 of the .NET Framework. It is composed of two parts: Parallel LINQ (PLINQ) and Task Parallel Library (TPL). It also consists of a set of coordination data structures (CDS) – sets of data structures used to synchronize and co-ordinate the execution of concurrent tasks.

Managed code
Managed code is computer program code that requires and will execute only under the management of a Common Language Infrastructure (CLI); Virtual Execution System (VES); virtual machine, e.g. .NET, CoreFX, or .NET Framework; Common Language Runtime (CLR); or Mono. The term was coined by Microsoft.

Managed code is the compiler output of source code written in one of over twenty high-level programming languages, including C#, J# and Visual Basic .NET.
Reval Governorate
Reval Governorate (Russian: Ревельская губерния, romanized: Revel'skaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1719 to 1783. Its capital was in Reval (Tallinn).

Governorate (Russia)
A governorate (Russian: губе́рния, romanized: gubérniya, pre-1918 spelling: губе́рнія, IPA: [ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə] ⓘ) was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire. After the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, governorates remained as subdivisions in the Byelorussian, Russian and Ukrainian Soviet republics, and in the Soviet Union from its formation in 1922 until 1929. The term is also translated as government or province. A governorate was headed by a governor (губернатор, gubernator), a word borrowed from Latin gubernator, in turn from Greek kyvernítis (Greek: κυβερνήτης).

Selected governorates were united under an assigned governor-general such as the Grand Duchy of Finland, Congress Poland, Russian Turkestan and others. There were also military governors such as Kronstadt, Vladivostok and others. Aside from governorates, other types of divisions were oblasts (region) and okrugs (district).
Luiz Carlos Dórea
Luiz Carlos Dórea Barreto (born March 7, 1965) is a boxing and mixed martial arts trainer from Brazil and is also a retired boxer. He trained many boxers like Acelino Freitas, Éverton Lopes and Adriana Araújo and mixed martial artists like Anderson Silva, Junior dos Santos, Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira and Antônio Rogério Nogueira.

Éverton Lopes
Éverton dos Santos Lopes (born August 8, 1988 in Salvador, Bahia) is a Brazilian professional boxer best known for his sensational 2011 World title win when he was still an amateur. Lopes is also a two-time Olympian, two-time Pan American Games medalist (silver in 2007 and bronze in 2011) and 2013 AIBA World Boxing Championships bronze medalist.
Clapton railway station
Clapton is a station on the Weaver line of the London Overground, located in Clapton in the London Borough of Hackney. It is 3 miles 78 chains (6.4 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Hackney Downs and St. James Street on the Chingford branch line. The station is in London fare zone 2 and 3. It opened to traffic in August 1872 along with the route from Hackney Downs.

National Rail services operated by Greater Anglia pass through the station, as it is located on the West Anglia Main Line between Hackney Downs and Tottenham Hale (via Coppermill Junction), which is used by trains towards Cheshunt, Broxbourne, Hertford East and Cambridge.  However, none of these services are currently scheduled to stop here.

Hertford East railway station
Hertford East railway station is the northern terminus of the Hertford East branch line off the West Anglia Main Line in the east of England, and is located in the town of Hertford in Hertfordshire. It is 24 miles 19 chains (39.0 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is one of two stations in the town, the other being Hertford North on the Hertford Loop Line. Its three-letter station code is HFE.

The station and all trains calling are operated by Greater Anglia.

There are two platforms, although platform number one is generally only used during peak times, during times of disruption and primarily for trains to and from Stratford station.
Ryan Randall
Ryan Randall is a Canadian cinematographer. He is most noted for the documentary film Workhorse, for which he won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography in a Documentary at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.

His other credits have included the short films Die Mütter, Locus, A Life of Errors, Loudly, Death Unties, I Love a Luger, Spring, 8 Count, Yeah Rite, Emilie and Barbital, and the documentary films A Rock and a Hard Place and Data Mining the Deceased: Ancestry and the Business of Family.

An associate member of the Canadian Society of Cinematographers, he is currently technical director of the media lab and an adjunct lecturer in the School of Film and Media at Queen's University.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography in a Documentary
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography in a Documentary is an annual award, presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards program to honour the year's best cinematography in a documentary film. It is presented separately from the Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography for feature films.

On two prior occasions, at the 1st Genie Awards in 1980 and at the short-lived Bijou Awards in 1981, awards were presented for Best Cinematography in a Documentary (Non-Feature), covering short documentaries and television programs, but not for feature documentaries. Nonetheless, the winners and nominees in those years have been included below. In the 1960s, both short and feature documentary films were sometimes winners of the Canadian Film Award for Best Cinematography, as relatively few Canadian narrative features were made in that era, but this was not continued after 1969.
1992 Indianapolis Tennis Classic
The 1992 Indianapolis Tennis Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Indianapolis Racquet Club in Indianapolis, Indiana in the United States and was part of the Tier IV category of the 1992 WTA Tour. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and ran from November 9 through November 14, 1992. Fourth-seeded Katerina Maleeva won the singles title and earned $27,000 first-prize money.

1992 WTA Tour
The 1992 WTA Tour (officially titled 1992 Kraft General Foods World Tour after its sponsor) was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 1992 tennis season.

The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.