hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 elections in Saba
Elections were held in Saba on 20 March and 23 May 2019. These include:

2019 Dutch island council elections

2019 Dutch electoral college elections

2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands

2019 Dutch island council elections
Island council elections were held in the Caribbean Netherlands on 20 March 2019 to elect the members of the island councils of Bonaire and Saba. The elections were held on the same day as the electoral college elections in the Caribbean Netherlands, and the provincial and water board elections in the European Netherlands. The election was won by the Bonaire People's Movement (4 seats) in Bonaire and by the Windward Islands People's Movement (5 seats) in Saba.
20 Fingers (album)
20 Fingers is the self-titled second and final studio album of American music group 20 Fingers. It has been released on October 24, 1995, under Zoo Entertainment/SOS Records, six months after the release of their debut album On the Attack and More.

On the Attack and More
On the Attack is the debut studio album by American dance musician Gillette. It was produced by 20 Fingers. The album was initially released in late 1994 as Gillette's solo album. Later, on April 18, 1995, it was re-released in Poland and Germany as the debut album of 20 Fingers, credited as 20 Fingers featuring Gillette and retitled On the Attack and More.
Barcid conquest of Hispania
Under the leadership of the Barcid family, Ancient Carthage expanded its possessions on the Iberian Peninsula from 237 to 218 BC. The First Punic War and the Mercenary War had resulted in an end to Carthage's expansion to the north (Sicily) and in Africa; blocked from their traditional areas of expanse, they now sought to conquer the Iberian Peninsula.

Carthaginian Iberia
Carthaginian Iberia was a province of the larger Carthaginian Empire. The Carthaginians conquered the Mediterranean part of Iberia and remained there until the Second Punic war and the Roman conquest of the peninsula.
Jerrawangala
Jerrawangala is a locality in the City of Shoalhaven in New South Wales, Australia. It consists of a small settlement on the Princes Highway south of Nowra and a large unpopulated area to the northwest that lies on both sides of the Braidwood Road between Nowra and Nerriga. It is about 35 kilometres south of Nowra and about 205 km south of Sydney. Jerrawangala is fairly rugged sandstone country and largely consists of forest. Much of it lies within the Jerrawangala National Park or state forests. Jerrawangala lookout is located to the east of the Braidwood Road. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 70.

Part of the Braidwood Road through Jerrawangala, part of the access road to Jerrawangala lookout, and the modern-day Wandean Road were built originally as part of The Wool Road in 1841.

City of Shoalhaven
The City of Shoalhaven is a local government area in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Sydney. The Princes Highway passes through the area, and the South Coast railway line traverses the northern section, terminating at Bomaderry. At the 2021 census, the population was 108,531.
Köpmanholmen
Köpmanholmen is a locality situated in Örnsköldsvik Municipality, Västernorrland County, Sweden with 1,237 inhabitants in 2010.
The village is located about 25 kilometers southwest of Örnsköldsvik bordering the High Coast Archipelago World Heritage Site. In Köpmanholmen there is a grocery store, pre- and primary school year 1-6, swimming hall and sports hall. Formerly an industrial center with saw and pulp mills, the locality today only hosts a few small industries and many local residents commute to Örnsköldsvik. Köpmanholmen also has a ferry connection with Ulvön islands and Trysunda.

High Coast
The High Coast (Swedish: Höga Kusten) is a part of the coast of Sweden on the Gulf of Bothnia, in the Ångermanland province of northeast Sweden, centered in the area of the municipalities of Kramfors, Härnösand and Örnsköldsvik. It is notable as an area for research on post-glacial rebound and eustacy, in which the land rises as the covering glaciers melt, a phenomenon first recognised and studied there. Since the last ice age, the land has risen 300 meters, which accounts for the region's unusually tall cliffs. The High Coast and the Finnish Kvarken constitute the Swedish/Finnish High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its exceptional geology and unique example of isostatic rebound.
Deaths in May 2008
The following is a list of notable deaths in May 2008.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Aden Hashi Farah Ayro
Aden Hashi Farah Ayro (Somali: Aaden Xaashi Faarax Ceyroow, Arabic: آدن حاشي فارح عيرو) (1976 – 1 May 2008), also known by his nom de guerre Abu Muhsin al-Ansari was a Somali militant and senior commander in Al-Shabaab. He was from the Ayr sub-clan, part of the Habar Gidir, which is a branch of the Hawiye clan.

He was among several insurgents and civilians killed in a U.S. airstrike in the Dhusamareb airstrike on 1 May 2008.
Mary Clem
Mary A. Clem (née Mary A. McLaughlin; 1905 – 1979) was an American mathematician, and a human computer. She was a staff member at Iowa State University, and was recognized for inventing the “zero check” technique for detecting errors.

Computer (occupation)
The term "computer", in use from the early 17th century (the first known written reference dates from 1613), meant "one who computes": a person performing mathematical calculations, before electronic calculators became available. Alan Turing described the "human computer" as someone who is "supposed to be following fixed rules; he has no authority to deviate from them in any detail." Teams of people, often women from the late nineteenth century onwards, were used to undertake long and often tedious calculations; the work was divided so that this could be done in parallel. The same calculations were frequently performed independently by separate teams to check the correctness of the results.

Since the end of the 20th century, the term "human computer" has also been applied to individuals with prodigious powers of mental arithmetic, also known as mental calculators.
Ella McFadyen
Ella May McFadyen (26 November 1887 – 22 August 1976) was an Australian poet, journalist and children's writer. For 18 years she conducted "The Children's Page" for The Sydney Mail and was known as Cinderella.

Angus & Robertson
Angus & Robertson (A&R) is a major Australian bookseller, publisher and printer. As book publishers, A&R has contributed substantially to the promotion and development of Australian literature. The brand currently exists as an online shop owned by online bookseller Booktopia. The Angus & Robertson imprint is still seen in books published by HarperCollins, a News Corporation company.
Mutterschied
Mutterschied is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
Orex Exploration
Orex Exploration is a former Canadian gold mining company that conducted exploration work on mining properties it owned in the Goldboro and Guysborough County areas of Nova Scotia. The properties owned by Orex were the sites of the former Boston Richardson Mine, Dolliver Mountain Mine, West Goldbrook Mine, and East Goldbrook Mine which operated between 1892 and 1912. Headquartered in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, the company was founded in 1987 and raised funds for exploration work, in part, by issuing stocks traded on the Montreal Stock Exchange and then the TSX Venture Exchange. It became a subsidiary of Anaconda Mining Inc. after Anaconda acquired the company in a stock swap deal in 2017.

Rouyn-Noranda
Rouyn-Noranda (French pronunciation: [ʁwɛ̃ nɔʁɑ̃da]; 2021 population 42,313) is a city on Osisko Lake in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada.

The city of Rouyn-Noranda is  coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec of the same name. Their geographical code is 86.
Bondgate Tower
Bondgate Tower also known as the Hotspur Tower or the Hotspur Gateway in reference to Sir Henry Percy (commonly known as Harry Hotspur), son of the 1st Earl of Northumberland and father of the 2nd Earl of Northumberland.  Although commonly called a tower it is actually a gatehouse. It has three storeys constructed of stone and consists of a recessed archway flanked by two polygonal towers. It is located in Alnwick, Northumberland in the United Kingdom. The gatehouse straddles Bondgate (the B6346), the main road of Alnwick. Low traffic can pass through its entrance while tall vehicles must take diversions to get past. A licence was granted in 1434 by Henry V to Henry Percy 2nd Earl of Northumberland to wall the town and add battlements. These took fifty years to complete, with Bondgate Tower being finished around 1450.

Gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the most heavily armed section of a fortification, to compensate for being structurally the weakest and the most probable attack point by an enemy. There are numerous surviving examples in France, Austria, Germany, England and Japan.
Miguel Gómez (photographer)
Miguel Gómez (March 29, 1974 - November 12, 2024) was a Colombian-American photographer and visual artist, based in New York City, whose style was marked by/best known for his work in fine art photography, portrait, editorial and landscape photography.

Gómez worked between London and New York City.

Fine-art photography
Fine-art photography is photography created in line with the vision of the photographer as artist, using photography as a medium for creative expression. The goal of fine-art photography is to express an idea, a message, or an emotion. This stands in contrast to representational photography, such as photojournalism, which provides a documentary visual account of specific subjects and events, literally representing objective reality rather than the subjective intent of the photographer; and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services.
Dorothy Livesay
Dorothy Kathleen May Livesay, OC OBC FRSC (October 12, 1909 – December 29, 1996) was a Canadian poet who twice won the Governor General's Award in the 1940s, and was "senior woman writer in Canada" during the 1970s and 1980s.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Erwin Ballarta
Erwin Ballarta is the executive director of the Texas Police Association, a 501(c)(3) association founded in 1895 with the main purpose of promoting professionalism in law enforcement. Ballarta was previously the Executive Vice President of Capitol Strategic Operations He is a self-defense expert in Pekiti Tirsia Kali and various weapons. Ballarta has taught hand-to-hand combat and weapon tactics to the FBI, the Texas Highway patrol, and various military personnel and has been a bodyguard of George W. Bush and various celebrities. He was a Lieutenant with the Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS), where he was the Recruit School Coordinator and Defensive Tactics Coordinator for the Training Academy. He retired from the Texas D.P.S. at the end of August, 2008. He is also president of the Austin Filipino American Association and the executive director of the Texas Kali Association.

Pepper spray
Pepper spray, oleoresin capsicum spray, OC spray, capsaicin spray, mace, or capsicum spray is a lachrymator (tear gas) product containing as its active ingredient the chemical compound capsaicin, which irritates the eyes with burning and pain sensations and so causes them to close, bringing temporary blindness. This blindness allows officers to more easily restrain subjects and permits people in danger to use pepper spray in self-defense for an opportunity to escape. It also causes temporary discomfort and burning of the lungs which causes shortness of breath. Pepper spray is used as a less lethal weapon in policing, riot control, crowd control, and self-defense, including defense against dogs and bears.

Pepper spray was engineered originally for defense against bears, cougars, wolves, and other dangerous predators, and is often referred to colloquially as bear spray.
1991 Brantford municipal election
The 1991 Brantford municipal election was held on November 12, 1991, to elect a mayor, councillors, and school trustees in Brantford, Ontario, Canada.

Bob Taylor, who had served on council for only one year, was elected as mayor over incumbent Karen George.

1985 Brantford municipal election
The 1985 Brantford municipal election was held on November 12, 1985, to elect a mayor, city councillors, and school trustees in Brantford, Ontario, Canada. The rural and small-town communities surrounding Brantford also held elections on the same day.
Gmina Somianka
Gmina Somianka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wyszków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Somianka, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Wyszków and 44 km (27 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 116.38 square kilometres (44.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,491 (5,591 in 2013).

Wyszków County
Wyszków County (Polish: powiat wyszkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It originally existed from 1956 until the abolition of the powiats in 1975, but was re-created on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998, which reintroduced the powiats and created 16 large voivodeships. The administrative seat and only town in the county is Wyszków, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

The county covers an area of 876.49 square kilometres (338.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 74,094, out of which the population of Wyszków is 26,905, and the rural population is 47,189.
Glenmore Park
Glenmore Park is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Glenmore Park is located 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

Glenmore Park is south of Jamisontown and South Penrith with its boundary being the M4 Motorway. The suburbs of Regentville and Mulgoa are located to its west and south, while Orchard Hills runs along its eastern boundary with the Northern Road as its dividing line. Glenmore Park is one of Penrith City's largest and most rapidly developing housing estates. Its development has been carefully planned to cater for the social, economic and recreational needs of its residents.

South Penrith
South Penrith is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. South Penrith is located 55 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

South Penrith is bounded by Jamison Road to the north, York Road to the west, the M4 Motorway to the south and the Northern Road to the east. Penrith is a separate suburb to the north.
Kuini Te Tau
Katarina Kuini Whare-rau-aruhe Te Tau BEM (née Ellison; 29 December 1899 – 8 March 1998) was a notable New Zealand tribal leader, welfare worker and community leader. Of Māori descent, she identified with the Ngāi Tahu iwi. She was born in Puketeraki, near Karitane, Otago, New Zealand, in 1899.

In the 1975 New Year Honours, Te Tau was awarded the British Empire Medal, for services to the community. She received the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal in 1993.

New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993
The New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993 was established by Royal Warrant on 1 July 1993.  It was created to commemorate Women's suffrage in New Zealand and to recognize those New Zealand and Commonwealth citizens who had made a significant contribution to women's rights or women's issues in New Zealand.  The medal was only awarded in 1993.
Jenna Rosenthal
Jenna Rosenthal (born May 14, 1996) is an American professional volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker for the Atlanta Vibe of the Pro Volleyball Federation. She has played for the U.S. national team. Professionally, she has played in Finland, Germany, and most recently in 2022, the United States. Collegiately, she played for Marquette University from 2014–2018.

2019 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2019 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the 18th edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament. It was held in Trujillo and Chiclayo, Peru from 6 to 14 July. Eleven teams will compete in the tournament.

United States won the title for the third straight time (7th overall) after defeating the Dominican Republic in the final by 3–0.
Jesse L. Strauss Estate
The Jesse L. Strauss Estate is a historic house at 110 Maple Hill Road in Glencoe, Illinois. The house was built in 1921 for businessman Jesse Strauss and his wife Blanche. David Adler, a prominent Chicago architect known for building large country houses for wealthy clients, designed the house. Like many of his works, Adler's design for the Strauss Estate was inspired by French architecture, and the estate was meant to resemble a French farmhouse. The house consists of a main wing and a service wing which form an "L" shape, with an octagonal tower at the corner between them. Its design also includes a projection at the main entrance, a stucco exterior with wood trim, and a steep roof punctuated by dormers.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 22, 2014.

Glencoe, Illinois
Glencoe (/ˈɡlɛnˌkoʊ/) is a lakefront village in northeastern Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,849. Glencoe is part of Chicago's North Shore and one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois. According to the United States Census Bureau, the median household income in Glencoe was $228,750 in 2022.
Ministry of Energy Infrastructures and Natural Resources (Armenia)
The Ministry of Energy Infrastructures and Natural Resources of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Էներգետիկ ենթակառուցվածքների և բնական պաշարների նախարարություն) is the ministry responsible for the management of the energy systems, and control of the exploitation of natural resources in Armenia. It elaborates and implements the policies of the Government of Armenia in the energy sector.

Its history can be traced to the time that Armenia was part of the Soviet Union. Since that time, many ministers have changed, as well as, the official name of the ministry, although maintaining the word 'energy' in its name throughout. As of 2016, it is one of the 18 ministries in Armenia, and plays an important role in regulating the laws and policies regarding the energy and natural resource spheres.

Armenian Nuclear Power Plant
The Armenian Nuclear Power Plant (ANPP) (Armenian: Հայկական ատոմային էլեկտրակայան, romanized: Haykakan atomayin e'lektrakayan), also known as the Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, (Armenian: Մեծամորի ատոմային էլեկտրակայան) is the only nuclear power plant in the South Caucasus, located 36 kilometers west of Yerevan in Armenia.

The ANPP complex consists of two VVER-440 Model V270 nuclear reactors, each capable of generating 407.5 megawatts (MW) of power, for a total of 815 MW. The plant supplied approximately 40 percent of Armenia's electricity in 2015.

As with other early VVER-440 plants, and unlike Western pressurized water reactors (PWR), the ANPP lacks a secondary containment building.
Glycoside hydrolase family 53
In molecular biology, the glycoside hydrolase family 53 is a family of glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1., which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

These enzymes are endo-1,4- beta-galactanases EC 3.2.1.89. The structure of this domain is known  and has a TIM barrel fold.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Skif-Shipping
Metinvest Shipping (known as Skif Shipping until 25 July 2012) is a Ukrainian transport company founded in 2000. As of 12 August 2006, Skif Shipping Ltd. is a subsidiary of Metinvest Holding Ltd. The company has branch offices in the cities of Mariupol, Sevastopol, Dnipro and Odesa. The company also employs people in Berdyansk, Chornomorsk, Izmail, Mykolaiv and Pivdenne.

System Capital Management
System Capital Management (Ukrainian: Систем Кепітал Менеджмент) or SCM is a major Ukrainian financial and industrial holding company established in 2000 in Donetsk, Ukraine. It is currently headquartered in Kyiv.

The company is Ukraine’s largest private-sector employer and taxpayer.

SCM’s portfolio includes more than 250 companies, across over 30 countries, employing approximately 150,000 people.

SCM’s portfolio businesses operate in energy, metals and mining, minerals, logistics, infrastructure, agriculture, telecommunications, real estate, finance and others. SCM develops large scale industrial facilities, with active development projects in a number of countries, including Italy, Poland, Croatia, and Romania.
2012–13 Armenian Premier League
The 2012–13 Armenian Premier League season was the twenty-first since its establishment. The season began on 24 March 2012 and ended on 18 May 2013, with two scheduled breaks between 2–27 July 2012 and 3 December 2012 – 8 March 2013. Ulisses are the defending champions, having won their first league title last season.

The league switched from a year-round to a fall-spring schedule.

The title was won by Shirak.

2011 Armenian Premier League
The 2011 Armenian Premier League  football season was the twentieth since its establishment. The season began in March 2011 and  ended in November 2011. FC Pyunik were the defending champions, having won their thirteenth championship last season, their tenth in a row.