hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Board of Inland Revenue v Haddock
Board of Inland Revenue v Haddock (also known as the negotiable cow) is a fictitious legal case written by the humorist A. P. Herbert for Punch magazine as part of his series of Misleading Cases in the Common Law. It was first published in book form in More Misleading Cases in the Common Law (Methuen, 1930).  The case evolved into an urban legend.

Urban legend
Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not.

These legends can be entertaining but often concern mysterious and troubling events, such as disappearances and strange objects or entities. Urban legends may confirm moral standards, reflect prejudices, or be a way to make sense of societal anxieties.

In the past, urban legends were most often circulated orally, at gatherings and around the campfire for instance. Now, they can be spread by any media, including newspapers, mobile news apps, e-mail, and most often, social media.  Some urban legends have passed through the years/decades with only minor changes, in where the time period takes place. Generic urban legends are often altered to suit regional variations, but the lesson or moral generally remains the same.
2024–25 Moldovan Cup
The 2024–25 Moldovan Cup (Romanian: Cupa Moldovei) was the 34th season of the annual Moldovan football cup competition. The competition started on 4 September 2024 with the preliminary round and concluded with the final on 24 May 2025. As the winners, Sheriff Tiraspol qualified for the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Europa League.

2024–25 Moldovan Super Liga
The 2024–25 Moldovan Super Liga was the 34th season of top-tier football in Moldova. The league started on 3 August 2024 and ended on 18 May 2025. Petrocub Hîncești were the defending champions. The winners of the league this season earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Champions League, the second placed club earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Europa League, the third placed club earned a spot in the second qualifying round and the fourth placed club in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League.
Grapetown, Texas
Grapetown is an unincorporated farming and ranching community 9.5 miles (15.3 km) south of Fredericksburg, situated on South Grape Creek in Gillespie County, in the U.S. state of Texas.  It is located on the old Pinta Trail.  Grapetown is noted for being the site of the first annual Gillespie County Bundes Schützenfest. The school was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1984, Marker number 10048.

Fredericksburg and Northern Railway
The Fredericksburg and Northern Railway was a connector line between Fredericksburg, Texas, and the San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway. It operated under that name from 1917 until 1942. From 1913 to 1917, it was operated as the San Antonio, Fredericksburg and Northern Railway.
Tool belt
A tool belt, tool harness, tool apron or a tool vest is a belt, apron, or harness worn around the waist, torso, or shoulders and fitted with pouches / pockets, loops, or holsters designed to hold and organize hand tools, equipment, and fasteners. Tool belts are commonly used in construction, carpentry, electrical work, plumbing, and other trades where quick access to tools is essential. Tool belts allow the wearer to carry frequently used tools within easy reach while keeping both hands free for work.  Some tool belts are part of a larger harness, suspenders, or vest system  over the shoulders to distribute weight and reduce strain on the lower back and waist.

Electrical wiring
Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and associated devices such as switches, distribution boards, sockets, and light fittings in a structure.

Wiring is subject to safety standards for design and installation. Allowable wire and cable types and sizes are specified according to the circuit operating voltage and electric current capability, with further restrictions on the environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature range, moisture levels, and exposure to sunlight and chemicals.

Associated circuit protection, control, and distribution devices within a building's wiring system are subject to voltage, current, and functional specifications. Wiring safety codes vary by locality, country, or region. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is attempting to harmonise wiring standards among member countries, but significant variations in design and installation requirements still exist.
Tarporley Hunt Club
The Tarporley Hunt Club is a hunt club which meets at Tarporley in Cheshire, England. Founded in 1762, it is the oldest surviving such society in England. Its members' exploits were immortalised in the Hunting Songs of Rowland Egerton-Warburton. The club also organised the Tarporley Races, a horse racing meeting, from 1776 until 1939. The club's patron is HRH The Prince of Wales.

Oulton Estate
In the early 18th century the Oulton Estate was home to the Egerton family 
and comprised a manor house and a formal garden surrounded by farmland in Cheshire, England.  Later in the century the farmland was converted into a park.  The estate is now the site of the motor racing track called Oulton Park.
House painter and decorator
A house painter and decorator is a tradesperson responsible for the painting and decorating of buildings, and is also known as a decorator, or house painter. The purpose of painting is to improve the appearance of a building and to protect it from damage by water, corrosion, insects and mould. House painting can also be a form of artistic and/or cultural expression such as Ndebele house painting.

Wallpaper
Wallpaper is used in interior decoration to cover the interior walls of domestic and public buildings. It is usually sold in rolls and is applied onto a wall using wallpaper paste. Wallpapers can come plain as "lining paper" to help cover uneven surfaces and minor wall defects, "textured", plain with a regular repeating pattern design, or with a single non-repeating large design carried over a set of sheets.

The smallest wallpaper rectangle that can be tiled to form the whole pattern is known as the pattern repeat. Wallpaper printing techniques include surface printing, rotogravure, screen-printing, rotary printing press, and digital printing.
History of Società Sportiva Nola
The history of Società Sportiva Nola has covered 71 years of the football from the club based in Nola, Campania. It was a professional Italian football club, founded in 1925 as Unione Sportiva Nola and being refounded in 1990 with its last denomination. Nola declared bankrupt in 1996.

The colors of the historic S.S. Nola was white and black .

Promozione
The Promozione ([promotˈtsjoːne], "promotion") is the sixth level in the Italian football league system.  Each individual league winner within the Promozione level progresses to their closest regional league in the Eccellenza level.  Depending on each league's local rules, a number of teams each year are relegated from each league, to the 7th level of Italian football, the Prima Categoria. This level of Italian football is completely amateur and is run on a regional level.
Dhale Governorate
Dhale (Arabic: الضالع Aḍ-Ḍāliʿ) is one of the Yemeni governorates that was created after the unification of Yemen. The  population of the province accounts for 2% of the total population of the republic. The governorate is divided into 9 districts. The city of Dhale is the administrative centre of the province. Dali is one of the governorates that is known for agriculture, and most of the population works in that industry. The most important agricultural crop is coffee. The province also contains mineral resources, most importantly talc, which is used in the manufacture of paper, paint, cosmetics and pesticides. This governorate is also home to the Damt hot-springs (Ḥamam-Damt), a popular tourist attraction. One of the ancient cities in the region is Juban, a city famous for its castle and the historic Mansuria school, built by the Tahrids. The climate in Dhale governorate is mostly temperate throughout the year.

Governorates of Yemen
The Republic of Yemen is divided into twenty-one governorates (muhafazah) and one municipality (amanah).

The governorates are subdivided into 333 districts (muderiah), which are subdivided into 1,996 sub-districts, and then into 40,793 villages and 88,817 sub villages (as of 2013).

Before reunification in 1990, Yemen existed as two separate countries. South Yemen consisted of modern Aden, Abyan, Mahrah, Dhale, Hadramaut, Socotra, Lahij, and Shabwah Governorates, while the rest made up North Yemen. For more information, see Historic Governorates of Yemen.
2014 Grand Prix of Houston
The 2014 Shell and Pennzoil Grand Prix of Houston was the second doubleheader of the 2014 season, hosting Rounds 9 and 10 of the 2014 IndyCar Series season. Carlos Huertas won Race 1, ahead of Juan Pablo Montoya, and  Carlos Muñoz. As of 2025, this was the only time in IndyCar where of top-three drivers from Colombia held a sweep of the podium; a first for any top-line motorsport series. Simon Pagenaud won the second race, ahead of Mikhail Aleshin and Jack Hawksworth

2014 IndyCar Series
The 2014 Verizon IndyCar Series was the 19th season of the IndyCar Series and the 103rd season of American open wheel racing. Its premier event was the 98th Indianapolis 500, held on Sunday, May 25. Scott Dixon entered the season as the defending IndyCar Champion, while Chevrolet entered as the reigning Manufacturers' champion.

The 2014 season featured eleven different winners, tying a record previously set in 2000 and 2001. Heading into the final race of the season, Will Power led Hélio Castroneves by 51 points. In a race in which Ryan Hunter-Reay's spin produced the only yellow flag, Power finished ninth, while Castroneves – who was penalized for a pit entry violation – finished fourteenth. As a result, Power clinched his first series title by 62 points, and the first drivers' title for Team Penske since Sam Hornish Jr. in 2006. In the manufacturers championship, Chevrolet successfully defended their title ahead of Honda.
Tennessee darter
The Tennessee darter (Etheostoma tennesseense) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the Tennessee River drainage from western Virginia to western Tennessee. It also occurs in the upper Bluestone River drainage in western Virginia.  It inhabits current-swept rocky pools and adjacent riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers.  This species can reach a length of 6 cm (2.4 in).

Bluestone River
The Bluestone River is a tributary of the New River, 77 mi (124 km) long, in southwestern Virginia and southern West Virginia in the United States.  Via the New, Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.  An 11 mi (18 km) portion of its lower course in West Virginia is designated as the Bluestone National Scenic River.
Oberaarjoch
The Oberaarjoch (el. 3205 m.) is a high mountain pass across the eastern Bernese Alps, connecting the Fiescher Glacier in the canton of Valais to the Oberaar Glacier in the canton Bern. The pass is located between the Oberaarhorn on the north and the Oberaarrothorn on the south. Above the col, on the Valais side, lies the Oberaarjoch Hut.

The nearest settlements are Fieschertal (Valais) and Handegg (Bern).

Oberaarhorn
The Oberaarhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Valais and Bern. Its summit (3,631 metres) is the tripoint between the basins of the Fiesch (Valais), Unteraar and Oberaar Glacier (Bern).
John Doe
John Doe (male) or Jane Doe (female) are multiple-use placeholder names that are used in the British, Canadian, and American legal systems, when the true name of a person is unknown or is being intentionally concealed. In the context of law enforcement in the United States, such names are often used to refer to a corpse whose identity is unknown or cannot be confirmed. These names are also often used to refer to a hypothetical "everyman" in other contexts, like John Q. Public or "Joe Public". There are many variants to the above names, including John (or Richard)/Jane Roe, John/Jane Smith, Joe/Jane Bloggs, and Johnie/Janie Doe or just Baby Doe for children. The gender-neutral A. N. Other is also a placeholder name, mainly used in the United Kingdom.

Placeholder name
Placeholder names are names used as placeholder words, i.e., referring to things, places, or people, the names of which or of whom do not actually exist; are temporarily forgotten, or are unimportant; or in order to avoid stigmatization, or because they are unknowable or unpredictable given the context of their discussion; or to deliberately expunge direct use of the name. Placeholder names for people are often terms referring to an average person or a predicted persona of a typical user or for an individual whose name is unknown. Placeholder names serve as a "common language" that provide flexibility and clarity when talking or writing about concepts. Some morphologists "will distinguish between placeholders such as thingummy and placeholder names like John Doe". In computer programming and printing, placeholder names allow a creator to test or visualize the end product.
2022–23 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Pays de la Loire
The 2022–23 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Pays de la Loire is the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the leagues of the Pays de la Loire region of France take part in the main competition from the seventh round.

A total of eleven teams will qualify from the Pays de la Loire preliminary rounds.

In 2021–22, La Roche VF progressed furthest in the main competition, reaching the round of 32, where they lost to eventual semi-finalists FC Versailles 78.

2022–23 Coupe de France preliminary rounds
The 2022–23 Coupe de France preliminary rounds make up the qualifying competition to decide which teams take part in the main competition from the seventh round. This is the 106th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition is organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and is normally open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Réunion, Saint Martin, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon).

The six (or more, if required) preliminary rounds are organised by the 13 Regional leagues from the mainland, and the 6 Regional leagues of the overseas departments and territories. They took place between May and November 2022.
Robert Poyntz (died 1520)
Sir Robert Poyntz (died 1520), lord of the manor of Iron Acton in Gloucestershire, was  a supporter of the future King Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. He was buried in the Gaunt's Chapel, Bristol, in the magnificent "Chapel of Jesus" (known as the "Poyntz Chapel"), a chantry chapel built by him.

Impalement (heraldry)
Impalement is a heraldic practice in which two coats of arms are combined in one shield to denote a union. The impaled shield is bisected in pale, that is by a vertical line, with each half of the shield displaying one coat of arms. Most often the practice is used to denote the union of a husband and wife in marriage, but impalement is also used to display unions with an ecclesiastical office, academic position, government office, or mystical union.
Wyncote, Pennsylvania
Wyncote is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cheltenham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. It borders the northwestern and northeastern section of Philadelphia. Wyncote is located 11 miles from Center City Philadelphia at the southeasternmost tip of Montgomery County. The Jenkintown-Wyncote SEPTA station is the fifth busiest regional rail station in the SEPTA system.

Wyncote is bordered by the Cheltenham neighborhoods of Glenside, Elkins Park, La Mott, and Cedarbrook; the Philadelphia neighborhoods of West Oak Lane and Cedarbrook, as well as the borough of Jenkintown and Abington Township.

La Mott, Pennsylvania
La Mott is an unincorporated community located within Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania, United States. Its name honors the leading 19th Century abolitionist and suffragist, Lucretia Mott, who resided in the neighborhood.

Of the sixty-five locations in the continental United States named Mott, this is the only community named "La Mott." It borders Philadelphia, along Cheltenham Avenue, and has been assigned the ZIP code of 19027.
Marie-Reine Le Gougne
Marie-Reine Le Gougne (French pronunciation: [maˈʀi ʁɛn ləˈɡuɲə]; born 1961) is a French figure skating official and competitor. She was a central figure in the 2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal.

French Federation of Ice Sports
French Federation of Ice Sports (or French Ice Sports Federation; French: Fédération française des sports de glace or FFSG) is the national governing body for a number of ice sports in France.

It manages completely different sports disciplines whose only commonality is that they are practiced on ice. This explains the structural complexity of the organization.
Open access in Spain
Open access in Spain is defined by the national 2011 "Ley de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación" (Science, Technology and Innovation Act) requires open access publishing for research that has been produced with public funding. The first peer-reviewed open access Spanish journal, Relieve, began in 1995. Publishers CSIC Press and Hipatia Press belong to the international Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.

Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología
The Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT) (English: Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology) is a Spanish public nonprofit organization dependent on the Ministry of Science that promotes Spanish science and technology. It was formed in 2001 and among other activities, it manages the National Museum of Science and Technology.
La Laguna, Arizona
La Laguna was a gold mining town in New Mexico Territory, now Yuma County, Arizona.  It was in existence for a short time from 1860 to 1862.  The town was a steamboat landing 20 miles above Yuma, Arizona on the Colorado River.  It had a few merchants and a ferry across the Colorado River that served placer miners in the vicinity.  When the La Paz gold rush began, La Laguna began to decline and it was soon replaced by Castle Dome Landing, 15 miles to the north, following the discovery of gold in the Castle Dome Mountains. It remained for a time as the site of a store and a ranch, belonging to Jose Redondo, one of the first to mine gold at La Paz. : 40, 62

The site of La Laguna now lies beneath Mittry Lake.

La Paz, Arizona
La Paz (Yavapai: Wi:hela) was a short-lived early gold mining town along on the western border of current-day La Paz County, Arizona. The town grew quickly after gold was discovered nearby in 1862. La Paz, Spanish for peace, was chosen as the name in recognition of the feast day for Our Lady of Peace.  Originally located in the New Mexico Territory, the town became part of the Arizona Territory when President Abraham Lincoln established the new territory in 1863. In 1983 the newly formed County of La Paz adopted the name, long after the town had become a ghost town.

La Paz was the location of the La Paz Incident in 1863, the westernmost confrontation of the American Civil War.
Electoral district of Rozelle
Rozelle was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, it was named after and including the Sydney suburb of Rozelle. It was created in the 1904 re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90. It consisted of part of the abolished seat of Balmain South and part of Annandale. With the introduction of proportional representation, it was absorbed into the multi-member electorate of Balmain. It was recreated in 1927, but was abolished in 1930.

Electoral district of Annandale
Annandale was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1894, with the abolition of multi-member constituencies, from part of Balmain, and named after and including the Sydney suburb of Annandale. With the introduction of proportional representation, it was absorbed into the multi-member electorate of Balmain. It was recreated in 1927, but was abolished in 1950, and partly replaced by Newtown-Annandale.
Jacquelyn K. O'Brien
Jacquelyn Kirtley O'Brien (July 23, 1931 – November 19, 2013) was a Republican member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1985 to 2001. Her district consisted of a portion of southeastern Hamilton County, Ohio. She was succeeded by Tom Brinkman Jr., also a Republican.

Tom Brinkman
Thomas E. Brinkman Jr. (born December 6, 1957) is a Republican politician from the state of Ohio. He represented Cincinnati in the Ohio House of Representatives from 2001 to 2008 and again from 2015 to 2022.

He is known for his opposition to higher taxes and public spending. In 2014, Brinkman defeated incumbent Peter Stautberg in the Republican primary election to retake his former seat in the Ohio House of Representatives.  He went on to win the general election with 67.78% of the vote.
Volkswagen ID.7
The Volkswagen ID.7 is a battery electric car produced by German marque Volkswagen since 2023. It has a five-door liftback design and is marketed in the E-segment.

An estate model marketed as the Tourer or Shooting Brake was officially unveiled on 20 February 2024.

Liftback
The marketing term liftback describes a hatchback car body style with a rear cargo door, where the overall roof line and rear cargo door are sloped more like that of sedans or coupe — as compared to the more vertical rear cargo door of a more utilitarian hatchback or wagon. A liftback may include fold-down rear seats for increased cargo capacity, providing increased cargo flexibility vs. a conventional sedan or coupe.
Mirko Giansanti
Mirko Giansanti (14 September 1976 – 7 August 2023) was an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.

Born in Terni, the son of the motorcycle racer Fosco, Giansanti made his  Grand Prix motorcycle racing debut in 1996, as a wild card with the Pileri team. His best year was in 1998 when he finished on the podium four times and finished in sixth place in the 125cc world championship. During his Grand Prix career he achieved a total of 12 podiums.

Following his 2005 Grand Prix retirement, Giansanti resumed activity in 2008, competing in the Supersport World Championship for three seasons. In 2016 he co-founded with Filippo Conti the Giansanti Racing Team, with which he competed in the Supersport World Championship, winning a title in 2015 with Lucas Mahias, and in the Superbike World Championship. He died on 7 August 2023, at the age of 46.

Lucas Mahias
Lucas Mahias (born 14 April 1989) is a French motorcycle racer who currently competes for GMT94 Yamaha in the Supersport World Championship. In 2017 he won the Supersport World Championship aboard a Yamaha YZF-R6, and in 2016 he won the FIM Endurance World Championship riders' title aboard a Yamaha YZF-R1. He has also won the 2014 French Supersport Championship, winning all the 12 races of the season.