hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Melsheimer
Ernst Melsheimer (9 April 1897 in Neunkirchen – 25 March 1960 in Berlin) was a German lawyer.

In December 1949 he was appointed as the first State prosecutor of the German Democratic Republic,
 which at that time was a new country being created out of the Soviet occupation zone of what had till recently been Germany.  Melsheimer became (after Hilde Benjamin) the second most important state lawyer in the young country.

Melsheimer was a strong believer in party control of the courts. 
He was opposed to any Western-style separation of powers between the justice system and the state. He took a hands-on approach to his job, appearing in person as the principal (prosecution) advocate in numerous secret trials and in high-profile show trials during the 1950s.

Wolfgang Harich
Wolfgang Harich (9 December 1923 – 15 March 1995) was a philosopher and journalist in East Germany.

A deserter from the German army in World War II and a member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, Harich became a professor of philosophy at Humboldt University in 1949. He was arrested in 1956 and sentenced to ten years in prison for the "establishment of a conspiratorial counterrevolutionary group." He was released in 1964, after eight years, and rehabilitated in 1990. In 1994 he joined the Party of Democratic Socialism.

His grave is preserved in the Protestant Friedhof III der Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde (Cemetery No. III of the congregations of Jerusalem's Church and New Church) in Berlin-Kreuzberg, south of Hallesches Tor.
Ho Hon
Ho Hon (Korean: 허헌; 22 July 1885 – 16 August 1951) was a Korean independence activist and politician of the Japanese colonial period and early years of North Korea. As a lawyer, he defended independence activists along with Lee In and Kim Byong-ro. In September 1948, following the official proclamation on the establishment of North Korea in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, he was elected a delegate to the first convocation of the Supreme People's Assembly, the unicameral parliament of North Korea. He also served as the President of Kim Il Sung University. While working as a reunification activist, he drowned in the Chongchon River in August 1951. He was also the father of Ho Jong-suk, a female activist and a politician in North Korea.

Lyuh Woon-hyung
Lyuh Woon-hyung (Korean: 여운형; Hanja: 呂運亨; 25 May 1886 – 19 July 1947), also known by his art name Mongyang (몽양; 夢陽), was a Korean independence activist and reunification activist.

Lyuh was a prominent figure in the Korean Provisional Government (KPG) and participated in the creation of the February 8 Declaration of Independence during the Japanese colonial period. He is rare among politicians in modern Korean history for being revered in both South and North Korea.
Spinnerbait
A spinnerbait or spinner is any one of a family of hybrid fishing lures that combines the designs of a swimbait with one or more spoon lure blades. Spinnerbaits get the name from the action of the metallic blades, which passively revolve around the attachment point like a spinning propeller when the lure is in motion, creating varying degrees of vibration and flashing that mimic small fish or other preys of interest to large predatory fishes. The two most popular types of spinnerbaits are the in-line spinner and safety pin spinnerbait, though others such as the tail spinner also exist. Spinnerbaits are used principally for catching freshwater fishes such as perch, pike and bass.

Bait fish
Bait fish (or baitfish) are small-sized fish caught and used by anglers as bait to attract larger predatory fish, particularly game fish. Baitfish species are typically those that are common and breed rapidly, making them easy to catch and in abundant supply.
Tobu Kameido Line
The Tobu Kameido Line (東武亀戸線, Tōbu Kameido-sen) is a railway line operated by Japanese private railway company Tobu Railway in Tokyo. The line is in central Tokyo, a short 3.4 km branch off the Tobu Skytree Line at Hikifune, southbound to Kameido with connections to the JR East Chūō-Sōbu Line.

Tobu 7800 series
The Tobu 7800 series (東武7800系, Tōbu 7800-kei) was a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway in Japan.

A total of 164 7800 series vehicles were built between 1953 and 1961. With the exception of two vehicles withdrawn due to accident damage, all of the cars were ultimately rebuilt between 1978 and 1986 to become 5000 series sets.
Tsunki
Tsunki is a name for the primordial spirit shaman within the Achuar and Shuar people of Amazonia. The term is derived from the Jivaroan language family. It translates to English as "the first shaman" and is frequently alluded to in shamanic songs.

Shuar
The Shuar, also known as Jivaro, are an indigenous ethnic group that inhabits the Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazonia. They are famous for their hunting skills and their tradition of head shrinking, known as tsantsa or tzantza.

The Shuar language belongs to the Jivaroan linguistic family and is spoken by over 50,000 people in the region. The Shuar are known for their skill in warfare, both in defending their territories and in offensive actions against external enemies. Currently, many Shuar live in communities organized around agriculture and hunting, although there are also some who work in mining and the timber industry.
Kalamang language
Kalamang, sometimes also called Karas, is a divergent Trans–New Guinea language spoken on the biggest of the Karas Islands off the Bomberai Peninsula, that is part of the West Bomberai family. It is spoken in Antalisa and Mas villages on Karas Island.

Existential clause
An existential clause is a clause that refers to the existence or presence of something, such as "There is a God" and "There are boys in the yard". The use of such clauses can be considered analogous to existential quantification in predicate logic, which is often expressed with the phrase "There exist(s)...".

Different languages have different ways of forming and using existential clauses. For details on the English forms, see English grammar: There as pronoun.
Meigle
Meigle (Scottish Gaelic: Mìgeil, IPA: [ˈmiːkʲɪl]) is a village in Strathmore, Scotland. It lies in the council area of Perth and Kinross in the Coupar Angus and Meigle ward. It lies on the A94 road between Perth and Forfar.The A94 used to be the main route between Aberdeen and Perth. Other smaller settlements nearby are Balkeerie, Kirkinch and Kinloch. Meigle is accessed from the north and south via the B954 road. In 1971 it had a population of 357.

Statistical Accounts of Scotland
The Statistical Accounts of Scotland are a series of documentary publications, related in subject matter though published at different times, covering life in Scotland in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.

The Old (or First) Statistical Account of Scotland was published between 1791 and 1799 by Sir John Sinclair of Ulbster. The New (or Second) Statistical Account of Scotland published under the auspices of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland between 1834 and 1845. These first two Statistical Accounts of Scotland are among the finest European contemporary records of life during the agricultural and industrial revolutions.

A Third Statistical Account of Scotland was published between 1951 and 1992.
Terrafirma Dyip draft history
The Terrafirma Dyip first participated in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) draft on August 24, 2014, two months before their first PBA season. The Dyip (then-known as Kia Sorento) entered the league through expansion together with the Blackwater Elite.

Manny Pacquiao became the team's first draft choice, the 11th pick in the 2014 PBA draft. Since then, they have selected four number one draft picks: CJ Perez, Roosevelt Adams, Joshua Munzon, and most recently, Stephen Holt.

2014 PBA draft
The Gatorade 2014 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Rookie Draft was an event which allowed teams to draft players from the amateur ranks. The event was held at Midtown Atrium, Robinsons Place Manila on August 24, 2014.
Ziggy Switkowski
Zygmunt Edward "Ziggy" Switkowski (born 1948) is a Polish Australian business executive and nuclear physicist. His most public role was as the chief executive officer of Australia's largest telecommunications company Telstra from 1999 to 2005. During his tenure, he oversaw the privatisation of the then government-owned corporation through a series of public tranche sales (known as the T1, T2 and T3 sales). Later positions were chairman of both NBN Co and Suncorp, a director of Healthscope, Oil Search and Tabcorp and the Chancellor of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT University).

Polish Australians
Polish Australians refers to Australian citizens or residents of full or partial Polish ancestry.

In 2021, 45,884 Australian residents declared that they were born in Poland. The Australian states with the largest Polish populations were Victoria (14,202), New South Wales (13,830), and Queensland (5,740). The Polish-born Australian resident population predominantly were Australian citizens (86.9%), Roman Catholic (66.8%) and used Polish at home (70.4%).  Around 77% arrived in Australia before 2000.
Hayashi clan (Owari)
The Hayashi clan (林氏, Hayashi-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan which served as retainers to the Oda clan based in Owari.

The Hayashi were descendants of the Inaba clan, and it is said that they changed their family name to 'Hayashi' in the generation of Inaba Michimura.  The Inaba are descending from Kōno Michitaka (died 1374), who descend from Emperor Kanmu (736–805).

One famous figure, Hayashi Hidesada, was a senior retainer of Oda Nobunaga. The family originated in the village of Oki Village in the Kasugai District of Owari Province. In the Edo period, the family became retainers of the Owari Domain.

Oda clan
The Oda clan (Japanese: 織田氏, Hepburn: Oda-shi) is a Japanese samurai family who were daimyo and an important political force in the unification of Japan in the mid-16th century. Though they reached the peak of their power under Oda Nobunaga and fell soon after, several branches of the family continued as daimyo houses until the Meiji Restoration. After the Meiji Restoration, all four heads of the houses of the clan were appointed viscounts in the new system of hereditary peerage.
1973 U.S. National Indoor Tennis Championships
The 1973 U.S. National Indoor Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament held at the Wicomico Youth and Civic Center in Salisbury, Maryland in the United States. The event was part of the 1973 USLTA Indoor Circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from February 19 through February 24, 1994, and played on indoor carpet courts. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title and $9,000 first-prize money.

1973 USLTA Indoor Circuit
The 1973 USLTA Indoor Circuit  was a professional tennis circuit held in the United States from January until March that year. It consisted of 13 tournaments and was organized by Bill Riordan and sanctioned by the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA).
Petronella Oortman
Petronella Oortman (Dutch pronunciation: [peːtroːˈnɛlaː ˈʔoːrtmɑn]; 1656 – November 27, 1716) was a Dutch woman whose elaborate dollhouse is part of the permanent collection of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.

Petronella Oortman should not be confused with her close namesake Petronella Oortmans-de la Court (1624–1707), who as it happens was also the owner of a noted dollhouse now in the collection of the Centraal Museum, Utrecht.

Petronella de la Court
Petronella de la Court (24 August 1624 - 22 March 1707) was a Dutch art collector.

De la Court married her cousin, the silk merchant Adam Oortmans, on 24-8-1649 in Leiden, and they had 10 children together. They lived in the Stilsteeg. In 1657 the couple Oortmans-De la Court bought the brewery "De Zwaan" on the Singel in Amsterdam, located where the Bungehuis is situated today.

She is best known for her dollhouse, currently in the collection of the Centraal Museum, Utrecht.
A231 highway (Nigeria)
The A231 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It is one of the east-west roads linking the main south-north roads. (It is named from the two highways it links).

It runs from the A2 highway at Elele, in Rivers State, to the southern end of the A3 highway at Port Harcourt.

A3 highway (Nigeria)
The A3 highway is a major arterial road in Nigeria, connecting the city of Port Harcourt in the south to the Cameroon border at Gamboru in the northeast. It is a transportation route, serving several cities and regions in Nigeria.
Arrondissements of the Vienne department
The 3 arrondissements of the Vienne department are:

Arrondissement of Châtellerault, (subprefecture: Châtellerault) with 92 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 107,469 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Montmorillon, (subprefecture: Montmorillon) with 91 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 65,756 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Poitiers, (prefecture of the Vienne department: Poitiers) with 83 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 266,160 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Poitiers
The arrondissement of Poitiers is an arrondissement of France in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 83 communes. Its population is 266,160 (2021), and its area is 2,131.5 km2 (823.0 sq mi).
1991 FIBA Under-19 World Championship
The 1991 FIBA Under-19 World Championship (French: Championnat du monde des moins de 19 ans 1991 de la FIBA) was the 4th edition of the FIBA U19 World Championship. It was held in Edmonton, Canada from 26 July to 4 August 1991. The United States won their third championship in the tournament, after beating Italy in overtime 90–85 in the final. Dejan Bodiroga of Yugoslavia was named the tournament MVP, despite their team losing the bronze medal game against Argentina.

FIBA Under-19 Basketball World Cup
The FIBA Under-19 Basketball World Cup (formerly FIBA Under-19 World Championship) is the under-19 men's world basketball championship organised by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). From its inauguration in 1979, until 2007, it was held every four years. Since 2007, it has been held biennially. The current champions are United States in 2025. The next edition will take place in Czech Republic in 2027.
Chancel Mbemba
Chancel Mangulu Mbemba (born 8 August 1994) is a Congolese professional footballer who plays for Ligue 1 club Lille and the DR Congo national team, of which he is the captain.

Mbemba began his professional career Anderlecht, where he won the Belgian Pro League in his debut season of 2013–14. A year later, he moved to Newcastle United, where he played in the Premier League and won the Championship in 2017. In four years at Porto, he won the Primeira Liga and Taça de Portugal double in 2020 and 2022.

A full international for DR Congo since 2012, Mbemba is the national team’s most capped player and represented the country at six Africa Cup of Nations tournaments, finishing third in 2015.

2022–23 Ligue 1
The 2022–23 Ligue 1, also known as Ligue 1 Uber Eats for sponsorship reasons, was the 85th season of the Ligue 1, France's premier football competition. It began on 5 August 2022 and concluded on 3 June 2023.

As the 2022 FIFA World Cup began on 20 November, the last round before the break was held on 12–13 November. The league subsequently resumed on 27 December. Four clubs were relegated to Ligue 2 at the end of the season as the number of clubs was reduced to 18 starting from the 2023–24 season. As a result, no play-offs were held at the end of the season, and this was the last season played with 20 teams.

Paris Saint-Germain were the defending champions, and they won a record-breaking eleventh title with one match to spare, following a 1–1 draw against Strasbourg on 27 May.
Baeocystin
Baeocystin, also known as norpsilocybin or 4-phosphoryloxy-N-methyltryptamine (4-PO-NMT), is a zwitterionic alkaloid of the tryptamine family and an analogue of psilocybin (4-PO-DMT). It is found as a minor compound in most psilocybin mushrooms together with psilocybin, psilocin (4-HO-DMT), norbaeocystin (4-PO-T), and aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT). The compound is the N-demethylated derivative of psilocybin and the 4-phosphorylated derivative of norpsilocin (4-HO-NMT).

Zwitterion
In chemistry, a zwitterion (/ˈtsvɪtərˌaɪɔːn/ TSVIT-ər-EYE-awn; from German  Zwitter [ˈtsvɪtɐ] 'hermaphrodite'), also called an inner salt or dipolar ion, is a molecule that contains an equal number of positively and negatively charged functional groups.
(1,2-dipolar compounds, such as ylides, are sometimes excluded from the definition.)

Some zwitterions, such as amino acid zwitterions, are in chemical equilibrium with an uncharged "parent" molecule. Betaines are zwitterions that cannot isomerize to an all-neutral form, such as when the positive charge is located on a quaternary ammonium group. Similarly, a molecule containing a phosphonium group and a carboxylate group cannot isomerize.
1987 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
This is a list of the 1987 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates. 54 players earned their 1988 PGA Tour card through Q-School in 1987. The tournament was played over 108 holes at Pine Lakes Golf Club and Matanzas Golf Club, in Palm Coast, Florida. Those earning cards split the $100,000 purse, with the winner earning $15,000. John Huston was the medallist. Jim Hallet finished in second place. After several attempts in the mid-1980s, Hallet finally made it on to the PGA Tour.

PGA Tour Qualifying Tournament
The annual PGA Tour Qualifying Tournament, also known as Qualifying School or Q-School, was historically the main method by which golfers earned PGA Tour playing privileges, commonly known as a Tour card. From 2013 to 2022, Q-School granted privileges only for the Korn Ferry Tour, the PGA Tour's official developmental circuit, but in 2023 it began to again award a small number of PGA Tour cards.
Kilimanjaro (song)
"Kilimanjaro" is a Tamil song from the 2010 Indian film Enthiran, directed by S. Shankar. The song was composed by A. R. Rahman, lyrics penned by Pa.Vijay and sung by Javed Ali and Chinmayi. The Hindi and Telugu version of the song has lyrics respectively written by Swanand Kirkire and Bhuvana Chandra. The song, based on the raga Karaharapriya, is reputed for its use of tribal beats with a catchy chorus and with various musical experiments. Song shooting took place in Machu Picchu in Peru. The song was released in Hindi and Telugu  under the same name.

Vijay Music Awards
A Vijay Music Award is an accolade given by Vijay TV to recognize outstanding achievement in the Tamil music industry. The annual awards ceremony made its debut in 2011 for the previous calendar year. It launched its official website in partnership with Galatta.com. Its main sponsor was India Gate Basmati Rice and it was powered by The Chennai Silks. Media partners were the publications The Hindu and Kumudam.

The first award ceremony took place in Nehru Indoor Stadium on 11 May 2011. The ceremony was broadcast by Vijay TV in two parts on the 26 and 27 May 2011.
Diana Vreeland
Diana Vreeland (September 29, 1903 – August 22, 1989) was an American fashion columnist and editor. She worked for the fashion magazine Harper's Bazaar and as editor-in-chief at Vogue,  later becoming a special consultant to the Costume Institute of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. She was named on the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1964. Vreeland coined the term youthquake in 1965.

Cecil Beaton
Sir Cecil Walter Hardy Beaton CBE (14 January 1904 – 18 January 1980) was a British fashion, portrait and war photographer, diarist, painter, and interior designer, as well as costume designer and set designer for stage and screen. His accolades include three Academy Awards and four Tony Awards.
Norristown Branch
The Norristown Branch is a railway line in Pennsylvania. It runs 14.6 miles (23.5 km) from a junction with the SEPTA Main Line in North Philadelphia to Norristown, Pennsylvania. It was originally built by the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown Railroad (PG&N) in 1834, and was a part of the Reading Company system from 1870 until 1976. Today it is owned by SEPTA and hosts the Manayunk/Norristown Line commuter rail service.

SEPTA Main Line
The SEPTA Main Line is the section of the SEPTA Regional Rail system from the Zoo Interlocking in West Philadelphia to Lansdale Station in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. The line is 26.25 miles (42.25 km) long, and serves all 13 SEPTA Regional Rail lines.
HMCS Star
HMCS Star is a Canadian Forces Naval Reserve Division (NRD) located in Hamilton, Ontario. Dubbed a stone frigate, HMCS Star is a land-based naval establishment for training part-time sailors as well as functioning as a local recruitment centre for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN). The second oldest of 24 naval reserve divisions located in major cities across Canada, Star was stood up on 15 March 1923 as the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve (RCNVR) Hamilton Half Company and then on 1 November 1941 as HMCS Star.

Ontario Agricultural College
The Ontario Agricultural College (OAC) originated at the agricultural laboratories of the Toronto Normal School, and was officially founded in 1874 as an associate agricultural college of the University of Toronto. Since 1964, it has become affiliated with the University of Guelph, which operates campuses in Guelph and Ridgetown and formerly in Alfred and Kemptville, all in Ontario.
Cait MacPhee
Catherine Elizabeth "Cait" MacPhee CBE FRSE FInstP FRSC is a Professor of Biological Physics at the University of Edinburgh. MacPhee's research into the BslA protein from Bacillus subtilis, together with Nicola Stanley-Wall from the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, has been widely reported because of potential applications in the production of ice cream. She was appointed CBE "for services to women in physics", and was subsequently elected as a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.  She was a finalist for the BBSRC Innovator of the Year competition, and was awarded the Gabor Medal of the Royal Society.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Long-thumbed frog
The long-thumbed frog, Fletcher's frog or barking marsh frog (Limnodynastes fletcheri) is a species of non-burrowing ground frog native to south-eastern Australia. The species belongs to the genus Limnodynastes. The twelve species in the genus are characterised by a lack of toe pads. Following phylogenetic analysis, the species was placed in L. peronii clade group alongside L. depressus, L. tasmaniensis and L. peronii.

Limnodynastes
Limnodynastes (commonly known as the Australian swamp frogs) is a genus of frog native to Australia, southern New Guinea and some Torres Strait Islands. They are ground-dwelling frogs, with no toe pads. The size varies from 45 mm to 90 mm in the giant banjo frog. The webbing on the feet ranges between species, from very little, to almost complete. The tympanum is not visible in any species, except in the woodworker frog, which is sometimes classed in a separate genus Megistolotis. All species construct a foam nest in which the eggs are laid. However, in south-eastern South Australia female striped marsh frog and spotted grass frog lack the flanges of skin on the hands that helps trap the air bubble and do not construct foam nests.