hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tanglin Shopping Centre
Tanglin Shopping Centre was a shopping center on Tanglin Road in Tanglin, Singapore. Completed in 1972, the mall was the "first modern shopping mall to be established in the area and the second oldest in Singapore after People's Park Complex (built in 1967) in Chinatown."

City Developments Limited, the mall's previous owners, made several failed collective sale attempts for the mall. The fourth attempt to sell the mall was successful, with Singaporean-based developer Pacific Eagle Real Estate purchasing the building for $868 million in February 2022.

The building completed its demolition of its iconic facade as of December 29, 2024.

The basement carpark, however, are left to await its demolition in the future. Construction of the new complex is still pending, as of January 29, 2025.

Tanglin
Tanglin is a planning area located within the Central Region of Singapore. Tanglin is located west of Newton, Orchard, River Valley and Singapore River, south of Novena, east of Bukit Timah, northeast of Queenstown and north of Bukit Merah.
Cyclopropane
Cyclopropane is the cycloalkane with the molecular formula (CH2)3, consisting of three methylene groups (CH2) linked to each other to form a triangular ring. The small size of the ring creates substantial ring strain in the structure. Cyclopropane itself is mainly of theoretical interest, but many cyclopropane derivatives are of commercial or biological significance.

Cyclopropane was used as a clinical inhalational anesthetic from the 1930s through the 1980s. The substance's high flammability poses a risk of fire and explosions in operating rooms due to its tendency to accumulate in confined spaces, as its density is higher than that of air.

Wurtz reaction
In organic chemistry, the Wurtz reaction, named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in which two alkyl halides are treated with sodium metal to form a higher alkane.

2 R−X + 2 Na → R−R + 2 NaX

The reaction is of little value because yields are low. Exceptions are some intramolecular versions, such as 1,2-dibromohexane + 2 Na → cyclohexene + 2 NaBr.

A related reaction, which combines alkyl halides with aryl halides is called the Wurtz–Fittig reaction. Despite its very modest utility, the Wurtz reaction is widely cited as representative of reductive coupling.
Coelostoma stultum
Coelostoma stultum is a species of water scavenger beetle widely distributed in Palearctic and Oriental realms from West Pacific towards Indian Ocean, such as China, Taiwan, Andaman Islands, Myanmar, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mascarene Islands, Nicobar Islands, Oman, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, and Vietnam.

Hydrophilidae
Hydrophilidae, also known colloquially as water scavenger beetles, is a family of beetles. Aquatic hydrophilids are notable for their long maxillary palps, which are longer than their antennae. Several of the former subfamilies of Hydrophilidae have recently been removed and elevated to family rank; Epimetopidae, Georissidae (= Georyssidae), Helophoridae, Hydrochidae, and Spercheidae. While the majority of hydrophilids are aquatic, around a third of described species are terrestrial, mostly belonging to the subfamily Sphaeridiinae.

With rare exceptions, the larvae are predatory while the adults may be herbivores or predators in addition to scavenging. Many species are able to produce sounds.

Species of Hydrophilus are reported as pests in fish hatcheries. Other species are voracious consumers of mosquito larvae, and have potential as biological control agents.

This beetle family contains 2,835 species in 169 genera.
Richard Hill's Commonplace Book
Richard Hill's Commonplace Book, or Oxford, Balliol College MS 354, is a manuscript collection of late-medieval English poems and other miscellaneous items compiled between 1503 and 1536 by the London merchant Richard Hill.  It is an important source of 15th-century and early 16th-century lyrics, preserving such well-known works as "The Boar's Head Carol", "The Corpus Christi Carol" and "The Nut-Brown Maid".  It also presents some interesting sidelights on commercial life in early Tudor England.

Roman Dyboski
Roman Dyboski (19 November 1883 in Cieszyn – 1 June 1945 in Kraków) was a Polish philologist and literature scholar. Professor at the Jagiellonian University since 1911. Member of the Polish Academy of Learning.

He was son of Antoni Dyboski and Maria Łopuszańska.
Pontus Kåmark
Sven Pontus Kåmark (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈpɔnˌtʉs ˈkoːˌmark]; born 5 April 1969) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a defender. He played for Västerås SK, IFK Göteborg, Leicester City and AIK, and won 57 caps for the Sweden national team. He was part of the Swedish team that finished third at the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

1996–97 Football League Cup
The 1996–97 Football League Cup (known as the Coca-Cola Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 37th Football League Cup, a knockout competition for England's top 92 football clubs.

The tournament was won by Leicester City, who beat Middlesbrough 1–0 in the final replay at Hillsborough after finishing 1–1 at Wembley Stadium.
Die Reihe
Die Reihe (German pronunciation: [diː ˈʀaɪ̯ə]) was a German-language music academic journal, edited by Herbert Eimert and Karlheinz Stockhausen and published by Universal Edition (Vienna) between 1955 and 1962 (ISSN 0486-3267). An English edition was published, under the original German title, between 1957 and 1968 by the Theodore Presser Company (Bryn Mawr) in association with Universal Edition (London) (ISSN 0080-0775). A related book series titled "Bücher der Reihe" was begun, but only one title ever appeared in it, Herbert Eimert's Grundlagen der musikalischen Reihentechnik.

Dika Newlin
Dika Newlin (November 22, 1923 – July 22, 2006) was a composer, pianist, professor, musicologist, and punk rock singer.  She received a Ph.D. from Columbia University at the age of 22. She was one of the last living students of Arnold Schoenberg and was a Schoenberg scholar and a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond from 1978 to 2004. She performed as an Elvis impersonator and played punk rock while in her seventies in Richmond, Virginia.

She was featured in the documentary Dika: Murder City.
Abduh Lestaluhu
Muhammad Abduh Lestaluhu (born 16 October 1993) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Super League club Malut United. He lives in Ternate and his childhood friend is Persib Bandung player, Ardi Idrus. His uncle, Ramdani Lestaluhu is also a football player. He is also a First Sergeant in the Indonesian Army for Military Police Corps unit.

2021–22 Liga 2 (Indonesia)
The 2021 Liga 2 was the fifth season of the Liga 2 under its current name and the 12th season under its current league structure.

Persis won the title after a 2–1 win over RANS Cilegon in the final at Pakansari Stadium, Cibinong on 30 December 2021.
Haloacetic acids
Haloacetic acids or HAAs are carboxylic acids in which one or more halogen atoms take the place of hydrogen atoms in the methyl group of acetic acid. In a monohaloacetic acid, a single halogen replaces a hydrogen atom: for example, in bromoacetic acid. Further substitution of hydrogen atoms with halogens can occur, as in dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid.

Haloacetic acids are a common contaminant in treated drinking water, particularly water subjected to chlorination.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Manuel Arturo Claps
Manuel Arturo Claps (Buenos Aires, June 7, 1920 – Montevideo, May 23, 1999) was an Argentine-Uruguayan writer.

Born in Argentina, due to political reasons his family had to go in exile; they settled in Montevideo, where afterwards Claps joined the Generation of 45, a Uruguayan intellectual and literary movement: Carlos Maggi, Ángel Rama, Emir Rodríguez Monegal, Idea Vilariño, Carlos Real de Azúa, Carlos Martínez Moreno, Mario Arregui, Mauricio Muller, José Pedro Díaz, Amanda Berenguer, Tola Invernizzi, Mario Benedetti, Ida Vitale, Líber Falco, Juan Cunha, Juan Carlos Onetti, among others.

Ángel Rama
Ángel A. Rama (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈaŋxel rama]; April 30, 1926 – November 27, 1983) was a Uruguayan writer, academic, and literary critic, known for his work on modernismo and for his theorization of the concept of "transculturation."
Hilde Meisel
Hilde Meisel (31 July 1914 – 17 April 1945) was a Jewish German socialist and journalist who published articles against the Nazi regime in Germany. While in exile in England, she wrote under the pseudonym Hilda Monte, calling for German resistance to Nazism in magazines, books and in radio broadcasts. She acted as a courier and repeatedly undertook secret operations in Germany, Austria, France and Portugal, although as a social democrat and Jew, it was extremely dangerous for her to do so. Other code names she used in exile were Hilde Olday, Selma Trier, Helen Harriman, Eva Schneider, H. Monte, Hilda Monte and Hilde Monte.

Feldkirch, Vorarlberg
Feldkirch (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈfɛldkɪrç] ⓘ) is a town in the western Austrian state of Vorarlberg, bordering on Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is the administrative centre of the Feldkirch district. After Dornbirn, it is the second most populous town in Vorarlberg. The westernmost point in Austria lies in Feldkirch on the river Rhine, at the tripoint between Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein.
1990 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas
The 1990 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas occurred on November 6, 1990, to elect the members of the state of Texas's delegation to the United States House of Representatives. Texas had twenty-seven seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1980 United States census.

These elections occurred simultaneously with the United States Senate elections of 1990, the United States House elections in other states, and various state and local elections.

1990 United States House of Representatives elections
The 1990 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 6, 1990, to elect members to serve in the 102nd United States Congress. They occurred in the middle of President George H. W. Bush's term. As in most midterm elections, the president's Republican Party lost seats to the Democratic Party, slightly increasing the Democratic majority in the chamber. It was a rare instance, however, in which both major parties lost votes to third parties such as the Libertarian Party as well as independent candidates.

As of 2024, this is the last time any party won at least 260 House seats, or 60 percent of the chamber's seats. It is also the last time a president's party successfully defended an open House seat that the other party won in the previous presidential election, according to Kyle Kondik of Sabato's Crystal Ball; in this case, the Republicans defended Iowa's 2nd congressional district.
FK Radnik Hadžići
Fudbalski Klub Radnik Hadžići is a professional association football club from the town of Hadžići that is situated in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Currently, Radnik plays in the First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and plays its home matches on the Hadžići city stadium which has a capacity of 500 seats.

The club's golden years were in the mid-1990s, when it, under the guidance of club legend Sedik Fejzić, won the 1995–96 Second League of Bosnia and Herzegovina (South) and got promoted to the 1996–97 First League of Bosnia and Herzegovina season.

Second League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Second League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Druga liga Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine / Друга лига Федерације Босне и Херцеговине) is a football league in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This level is organized into four different leagues: Sjever (North), Centar (Center), Jug (South) and Zapad (West). (Until the 2011–12 season there was two West leagues.)

This is the second level of football in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the third level of football in the country. Two teams are promoted to the First League of FBiH at the end of the season, while bottom teams (depending on league and number of lower leagues) are relegated to the cantonal leagues. (See Bosnia and Herzegovina football league system.)
Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".

College education in Quebec
In the Canadian province of Quebec, college education (informally referred to as just college or as CÉGEP) is the level immediately after high school. It encompasses a range of technical, academic, and vocational education, including some specialized programs. The Quebec education system is unique in North America.

The college level is both a post-secondary education in itself and a separate step required for university admissions. For students graduating from secondary school in Quebec, a college diploma is required for admission into university. In the rest of Canada, colleges have historically been technical schools that offer specialized professional or vocational education in specific employment fields.
Hackhurst and White Downs
Hackhurst and White Downs is a 185.1-hectare (457-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Dorking in Surrey. White Downs is  a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2, and part of it is in the 200-hectare (490-acre) White Downs nature reserve, which is owned by the Wotton Estate and managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust  (SWT). Hackhurst Downs is a 29.9-hectare (74-acre) Local Nature Reserve, which part of the 40-hectare (99-acre) Hackhurst Downs nature reserve, which is owned by Surrey County Council and also managed by the SWT.

This steeply sloping land is a shared escarpment with Ranmore Common, amounting to an almost whole section of the North Downs, which has grassland, secondary woodland and scrub. It has a rich invertebrate fauna with forty species of butterfly, including adonis blue, chalkhill blue, brown hairstreak, Duke of Burgundy fritillary, marbled white and silver-spotted skipper.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Rome II Regulation
The Rome II Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 is a European Union Regulation regarding the conflict of laws on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations. From 11 January 2009, the Rome II Regulation created a harmonised set of rules within the European Union to govern choice of law in civil and commercial matters (subject to certain exclusions, such as the application being manifestly incompatible with the public policy of the forum) concerning non-contractual obligations. Additionally, in certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions, the parties may choose the law applicable to a non-contractual obligation. Analogous rules were established for contractual obligations by the Rome Convention of 1980. The Rome Convention has, in turn, been replaced by the Rome I Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Reg. (EC) No. 593/2008). The regulation applies to all EU member states except Denmark.

Regulation (European Union)
A regulation is a legal act of the European Union which becomes immediately enforceable as law in all member states simultaneously. Regulations can be distinguished from directives which, at least in principle, need to be transposed into national law. Regulations can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter. Despite their name, Regulations are primary legislation rather than regulatory delegated legislation; as such, they are often described as "Acts" (e.g. the Digital Services Act).
Zahabiya
Zahabiya Sufism (Persian: سلسله ذهبیه, Zahabiya Silsila) is a Shiite order. The history of dervishes from this order dates to the third century AH and Ma'ruf al-Karkhi. Some believe that the order originated during the ninth century AH in Iran; it first became popular in Khorasan and then in Shiraz during the early Safavid period.

The Fourteen Infallibles
The Fourteen Infallibles (Arabic: ٱلْمَعْصُومُون ٱلْأَرْبَعَة عَشَر, al-Maʿṣūmūn al-ʾArbaʿah ʿAšar; Persian: چهارده معصومین, Čahârdah Ma'sūmīn) in Twelver Shia Islam are the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima Zahra, and the Twelve Imams. All are considered to be infallible under the theological concept of ismah. Accordingly, they have the power to commit sin but by their nature are able to avoid doing so, which is regarded as a miraculous gift from God. The Infallibles are believed to follow only God's desire in their actions because of their supreme righteousness, consciousness, and love for God. They are also regarded as being immune to error in practical matters, in calling people to religion, and in the perception of divine knowledge. Some Twelver Shia believe the Fourteen Infallibles are superior to the rest of creation and to the other major prophets.
Zavara
Zavare or Zavareh (Persian: زواره [zævɑːre]) is an Iranian hero in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. He was the brother of Rostam and the son of Zal and played an important role in the Iranian invasion of Turan after the murder of Siyavash by the command of the Turanian king, Afrasiyab. It is said that Zavara killed the Turanian prince Sokhra in the same way that the Turanians killed the Iranian prince Siyavash.

And Zavare left the camp [to fight with them], with the god's help and with the shah's will.

Zavare was killed by his half-brother, Shaghad.

Afrasiab
In Iranian legend, Afrasiab (Persian: افراسياب afrāsiyāb;  Middle Persian: Frāsiyāv, Frāsiyāk), also known as Fraŋrasyan, is the king and hero of Turan in Iranian national history. He is the main antagonist of the Iranians in the Persian epic Shahnameh, written by Ferdowsi.
Mandell Berman
Mandell "Bill" Berman (1917–2016) was the businessman (housing construction industry) and philanthropist behind the Mandell L. and Madeleine H. Berman Foundation, which supports Jewish education, and research and study of the contemporary American Jewish community. His philanthropic focus was on the storage, dissemination, and preservation of Jewish data, as well as Jewish education and special education.

JESNA
JESNA (Jewish Education Service of North America) is the Jewish federation system's educational coordinating, planning, and development agency. A national, non-profit agency, it was created in 1981.  It closed in 2013.
Real Data Transport
Real Data Transport (RDT) is a proprietary transport protocol for the actual audio-video data, developed by RealNetworks in the 1990s. It is commonly used in companion with a control protocol for streaming media like the IETF's Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP).

A non-proprietary alternative for RDT is IETF's Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), which is also implemented in RealNetworks players.

As reported in a 2002 book about firewalls, RDT used two unidirectional UDP connections, one for the data sent from the server to the client and another in the opposite direction for retransmission requests. The same book reported that RealNetworks' G2 server used RDT in this configuration by default. Another 2003 book reported that RDT was also seen carried over Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), as a fall-back mechanism.

RDT is now included as part of the Helix Community project.

RealNetworks
RealNetworks LLC is an American technology company and provider of Internet streaming media delivery software and services based in Seattle, Washington. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services.
1941 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles
Second-seeded Sarah Cooke defeated first-seeded Pauline Betz 7–5, 6–2 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1941 U.S. National Championships. The tournament was played on outdoor grass courts and held from August 30, through September 7, 1941 at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, Queens, New York. The draw consisted of 62 players of which eight were seeded.

1941 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1941 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills in New York City, New York. The tournament ran from August 30 until September 7. It was the 61st staging of the U.S. National Championships and due to World War II it was the only Grand Slam tennis event of the year.
2010 Monterrey Open
The 2010 Monterrey Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the second edition of the Monterrey Open and was categorized as an International tournament on the 2009 WTA Tour. It took place at the Sierra Madre Tennis Club in Monterrey, Mexico, from March 1 through March 7, 2010.

The tournament was headlined by former world no. 1 Jelena Janković, top-ranked Slovak players, Daniela Hantuchová and Dominika Cibulková, Ágnes Szávay, and Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova. Also in the field were Anabel Medina Garrigues, Aleksandra Wozniak, and 2010 Open GDF Suez finalist Lucie Šafářová.

2010 Open GDF Suez
The 2010 Open GDF Suez was a women's professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the Open GDF Suez (formerly known as the Open Gaz de France) and was a Premier tournament on the 2010 WTA Tour. It took place at Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France from February 8 through February 14, 2010.

The top two seeds were Elena Dementieva, the 2008 Olympic gold medalist in singles and a 2009 Wimbledon semifinalist and Flavia Pennetta. Also participating in the tournament were Yanina Wickmayer, home favourite Aravane Rezaï, Shahar Pe'er, and Alizé Cornet. Serena Williams, the 2010 Australian Open singles champion withdrew before the main draw was released.
Lørenskog Ishall
Lørenskog Ishall is an indoor ice hockey arena located in Lørenskog, Norway. The capacity of the arena is 2,450 and it was opened in 1984. It is the home arena of the Lørenskog ice hockey team. A new rink was installed in 2007.

Lørenskog IK
Lørenskog Ishockeyklubb (founded in 1963) is a Norwegian professional ice hockey team based in Lørenskog, Norway. The team competed in GET-ligaen from 2008 to 2018. In May 2018, the club did not receive a new licence, due to long-term economic problems. The team got promoted back to the Fjordkraft-ligaen.