hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quantum eraser experiment
In quantum mechanics, a quantum eraser experiment is an interferometer experiment that demonstrates several fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics, including quantum entanglement and complementarity.: 328 
The quantum eraser experiment is a variation of Thomas Young's classic double-slit experiment. It establishes that when action is taken to determine which of two slits a photon has passed through, the photon cannot interfere with itself. When a stream of photons is marked in this way, then the interference fringes characteristic of the Young experiment will not be seen. The experiment also creates situations in which a photon that has been "marked" to reveal through which slit it has passed can later be "unmarked." A photon that has been "unmarked" will interfere with itself once again, restoring the fringes characteristic of Young's experiment.

Young's interference experiment
Young's interference experiment is any one of a number of optical experiments described or performed at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Thomas Young to demonstrate the wave theory of light. These experiments played a major role in the acceptance of the wave theory of light. One such experiment was the original version of the modern double-slit experiment.
1992 Lyon Grand Prix
The 1992 Lyon Grand Prix was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was played at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France, and was part of the 1992 ATP Tour. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and took place from 19 October through 26 October 1992. First-seeded Pete Sampras won the singles title, his second consecutive at the event.

1992 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation, ITF), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Abdelilah Hafidi
Abdelilah Hafidi (born 30 January 1992) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Raja CA and the Morocco national team. He started his professional career playing for Raja CA.

2020 African Nations Championship
The 2020 African Nations Championship, known as CHAN 2020 for short and the Total African Nations Championship for sponsorship purposes, was the 6th edition of the biennial association football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), featuring national teams consisting of players from their respective national leagues. It was held in Cameroon from 16 January to 7 February 2021.

Originally scheduled from 4 to 25 April 2020, CAF announced its postponement on 17 March 2020 to a later date due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, eventually rescheduling it to January 2021 on 30 June that year.

Morocco defeated Mali in the final to successfully defend their title, thus joining DR Congo as the tournament's most successful nations as well as being the first team to win it back-to-back or twice in a row.
Hiroshi Morioka
Hiroshi Morioka (守岡博, Morioka Hiroshi) is a Japanese anime director and artist. Primarily working alongside director Koichi Mashimo at Bee Train animation studio, he's come on scene in his work with some notable productions by Bee Train including the anime adaption of Clamp's Tsubasa Chronicle and the third segment Field Test in Batman: Gotham Knight.

Phantom of Inferno
Phantom of Inferno (known in Japan as Phantom -PHANTOM OF INFERNO-) is an adult visual novel game created by Nitroplus, directed and written by Gen Urobuchi, distributed in North America by Hirameki International (a subsidiary of the Japanese visual novel publisher Hirameki). It came out for PC in Japan in 2000 and was ported for DVD in 2001 and for PS2 in 2003. It was distributed in America as an AnimePlay DVD title in 2002. The story can take either a dark action/drama path or can turn into a romantic drama depending on the choice of the player. A remake for the Xbox 360 console was released in 2012 and ported on PC in 2013.
Yanelis Santos
Yanelis Santos Allegne (born 30 March 1986, in Ciego de Ávila) is a volleyball player from Cuba who played for the Cuban women's national team as a setter and opposite. Santos was named "Best Server" at the 2007 FIVB World Cup and the 2008 Summer Olympics.

2012 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2012 Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the eleventh edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament, played by twelve countries in July 2012 in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, after Lima, Peru, withdrew from hosting it. The top four NORCECA teams and the top from CSV confederation, in addition to Brazil, which was a wild card, qualified for the 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix.
Southern Hotel (Perris, California)
Southern Hotel in Perris, California was built in 1886.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. It is located at 445 S. D Street in the center of the city. Along with the Perris Depot, this is one of the two significant 19th century buildings still standing in the city.

Perris station (Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway)
The Perris Depot is a railroad depot built in 1892 to serve Perris, California. The station replaced a previous wooden structure at the same site on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line, originally the California Southern Railroad.
Citizenship (Western Samoa) (Restoration) Amendment Act 2024
The Citizenship (Western Samoa) (Restoration) Amendment Act 2024 is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that "provides entitlement to New Zealand citizenship for a group of people born in Western Samoa whose citizenship was removed through the enactment of the Citizenship (Western Samoa) Act 1982. The bill was introduced by Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Member of Parliament Teanau Tuiono. It passed its first reading on 10 April 2024 with the support of all parliamenatary parties except the governing National Party. Following amendments at the select committee stage, the bill passed its second and third readings with unanimous support from all parties. It received royal assent on 25 November 2024.

Samoan New Zealanders
Samoan New Zealanders are Samoan immigrants in New Zealand, their descendants, and New Zealanders of Samoan ethnic descent. They constitute one of New Zealand's most sizeable ethnic minorities. In the 2023 census, 213,069 New Zealanders identified themselves as being of Samoan ethnicity with 55,512 stating that they were born in Samoa, and 861 stating that they were born in American Samoa.
Fan-in
Fan-in is the number of inputs a logic gate can handle. For instance the fan-in for the AND gate shown in the figure is 3.  Physical logic gates with a large fan-in tend to be slower than those with a small fan-in. This is because the complexity of the input circuitry increases the input capacitance of the device. Using logic gates with higher fan-in will help in reducing the depth of a logic circuit; this is because circuit design is realized by the target logic family at a digital level, meaning any large fan-in logic gates are simply the smaller fan-in gates chained together in series at a given depth to widen the circuit instead.

Fan-in tree of a node refers to a collection of signals that contribute to the input signal of that node.

In quantum logic gates the fan-in always has to be equal to the number of outputs, the fan-out. Gates for which the numbers of inputs and outputs differ would not be reversible (unitary) and are therefore not allowed.

AND gate
The AND gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements the logical conjunction (∧) from mathematical logic –  AND gates behave according to their truth table. A HIGH output (1) results only if all the inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1). If any of the inputs to the AND gate are not HIGH, a LOW (0) is outputted. The function can be extended to any number of inputs by multiple gates up in a chain.
2015–16 Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio
The 2015–16 Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio season was the thirty-first since its establishment. It is the highest level in San Marino, in which the country's top 15 amateur football clubs play. The season began on 11 September 2015 and ended with the play-off final on 26 May 2016. Folgore/Falciano were the defending champions.

Campionato Sammarinese
Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio (English translation: Sammarinese Football Championship) is the highest competition for football clubs located at the only level of the Sammarinese football league system (no relegation system exists) and has been operating since the 1985–1986 season. As of 2025, Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio is ranked last (55th) among European leagues according to UEFA's league coefficient, which was based on the performance of Sammarinese clubs in the Champions League, Europa League and the Conference League.
6 (Pigface album)
6 is the sixth studio album by the industrial rock band Pigface. It was released in 2009 on Full Effect Records. The song "KMFPF", an acronym for "Kill Mother-Fucking Pigface", is a warped allusion to the band KMFDM.

Zeromancer
Zeromancer is a Norwegian industrial rock band formed in 1999 by members of the band Seigmen. The current lineup is Alex Møklebust (vocals), Kim Ljung (bass guitar/backup vocals), Noralf Ronthi (drums), Lorry Kristiansen (programming) and Per-Olav Wiik (lead guitar). They have released seven studio albums; the latest, Orchestra of Knives, was released in 2021.
Pan Sahel Initiative
The Pan-Sahel Initiative, according to a November 7, 2002, by the Office of Counterterrorism, U.S. Department of State, was "a State-led effort to assist Mali, Niger, Chad, and Mauritania in detecting and responding to suspicious movement of people and goods across and within their borders through training, equipment and cooperation. Its goals support two U.S. national security interests in Africa: waging the war on terrorism and enhancing regional peace and security." It was in 2005 superseded by the larger-scope Trans-Saharan Counterterrorism Initiative, which in turn was incorporated into the United States Africa Command in 2008.

Bureau of Counterterrorism
The Bureau of Counterterrorism (CT) is a bureau of the United States Department of State. It coordinates all U.S. government efforts to improve counterterrorism cooperation with foreign governments and participates in the development, coordination, and implementation of American counterterrorism policy.

In June 2007, Ambassador-at-Large Dell Dailey was appointed to be the coordinator for Counterterrorism. Under Secretary Hillary Clinton, the coordinator for counterterrorism from 2009 to 2012 was Ambassador-at-Large Daniel Benjamin. He was followed by Tina S. Kaidanow, from 2014 to 2016. The coordinator and special envoy for the Global Coalition to Counter the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant between 2020 and 2021 was Nathan Sales.

Originally the Office for Combating Terrorism and later the Bureau of Counterterrorism, the bureau's name was expanded in 2016 to include countering violent extremism in its mandate.
Primula amethystina
Primula amethystina is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to China. The plant is commonly found in west and northwest Yunnan and southwest Sichuan, and across the border in Tibet. It typically grows best in wet, boggy soil.

Cang Mountain
Cangshan or Cang Mountain (simplified Chinese: 苍山; traditional Chinese: 蒼山; pinyin: Cāngshān), also known as Mount Diancang (simplified Chinese: 点苍山; traditional Chinese: 點蒼山; pinyin: Diǎncāngshān), is a mountain range immediately west of Dali City in Yunnan province of Southwest China.

The highest summit, Malong, is 4,122 m, but the range includes another 18 peaks that are over 3,500 m elevation.
Feather development
Feather development occurs in the epidermal layer of the skin in birds.  It is a complicated process involving many steps.  Once the feathers are fully developed, there are six different types of feathers: contour, flight, down, filoplumes, semiplumes, and bristle feathers. Feathers were not originally meant for flight.  The exact reason why feathers evolved is still unknown.  Birds are thought to be descendants of dinosaurs and new technology using melanosomes found in dinosaur fossils has shown that certain dinosaurs that could not fly had feathers.

Down feather
The down of birds is a layer of fine feathers found under the tougher exterior feathers. Very young birds are clad only in down. Powder down is a specialized type of down found only in a few groups of birds. Down is a fine thermal insulator and padding, used in goods such as jackets, bedding (duvets and featherbeds), pillows and sleeping bags. The discovery of feathers trapped in ancient amber suggests that some species of non-avian dinosaur likely possessed down-like feathers.
Texas Severe Storms Association
The Texas Severe Storms Association (TESSA) is a national non-profit organization founded in 1993 by storm chaser and TESSA chairman Martin Lisius. The concept of TESSA was developed by both Lisius and National Weather Service meteorologist Alan Moller who believed a private sector educational was needed. The organization’s mission is to bring together both professional meteorologists and weather enthusiasts in an attempt to better understand dangerous storms through the collection and diffusion of knowledge. Its scope is national but focuses on Texas.

Timothy P. Marshall
Timothy Patrick Marshall (born October 17, 1956) is an American structural and forensic engineer as well as a meteorologist, concentrating on damage analysis, particularly that from wind, hail, and other weather phenomena. He is also a pioneering storm chaser and was editor of Storm Track magazine.
Osmanbazar, Chabahar
Osmanbazar (Persian: عثمان بازار, also Romanized as ʿOs̄mānbāzār) is a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 117, in 30 families.

Pir Sohrab Rural District
Pir Sohrab Rural District (Persian: دهستان پيرسهراب) is in Pir Sohrab District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Owraki Bozorg-e Olya. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Pir Sohrab.
Ventrobasal complex
The ventrobasal complex (VB) is a relay nucleus of the thalamus for nociceptive stimuli received from nociceptive nerves. The VB consists of the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) and the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL). In some species, the ventral posterolateral nucleus, pars caudalis is also a part of the VB. The VB gets inputs from the spinothalamic tract, medial lemniscus, and corticothalamic tract. The main output of the VB is the primary somatosensory cortex.

The VB serves as the main relay for nociceptive stimuli and the modulation of that stimuli to the primary somatosensory cortex. The modulation occurs through different types of receptors present in the VB.

Ventral posterolateral nucleus
The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is one of the subdivisions of the ventral posterior nucleus in the ventral nuclear group of the thalamus. It relays sensory information from second-order neurons of the neospinothalamic tract and the medial lemniscus (of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway), which synapse with third-order neurons in the nucleus. These then project to the primary somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus.

There is uncertainty regarding the location of VMpo (posterior part of ventral medial nucleus), as determined by spinothalamic tract (STT) terminations and calcium-binding protein staining, and several authorities do not consider its existence as being proved.

The term "ventral posterolateral nucleus" was introduced by Le Gros Clark in 1930.
IV Corps (Continuation War)
The IV Corps (Finnish: IV Armeijakunta) was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Continuation War. During the 1941 Finnish invasion of the Karelian Isthmus, it encircled three Soviet divisions in the area south of Vyborg before being renamed as Isthmus Group (Finnish: Kannaksen ryhmä).

Reconstituted in 1944, the corps was the target of the spearhead of the Soviet Vyborg–Petrozavodsk offensive. Elements of the corps fought in the decisive Battle of Tali-Ihantala at the end of the war.

Finnish invasion of the Karelian Isthmus
60°30′N 29°54′E﻿ / ﻿60.5°N 29.9°E﻿ / 60.5; 29.9

The Finnish invasion of the Karelian Isthmus refers to a military campaign carried out by Finland in 1941. It was part of what is commonly referred to as the Continuation War. Early in the war, Finnish forces captured the Karelian Isthmus. It had been ceded to the Soviet Union on 13 March 1940, in the Moscow Peace Treaty, which marked the end of the Winter War. Later, in the summer of 1944, the Soviet Union recaptured the southern part of the isthmus in the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive.
Pryshyb
Pryshyb (Ukrainian: Пришиб; Russian: Пришиб) is a village in Zymohiria urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion (district), Luhansk Oblast (region), Ukraine, at about 35 km WNW from the centre of Luhansk city, on the right bank of the Siverskyi Donets river.

The settlement was taken under control of pro-Russian forces during the war in Donbas, that started in 2014.

Zymohiria urban hromada
Zymohiria urban hromada (Ukrainian: Зимогір'ївська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Zymohiria.

The hromada contains 22 settlements: 1 city (Zymohiria), 6 rural settlements (Ivanivske, Kryvorizhzhya, Lozivskyi, Rodakove, Slovianoserbsk, Yasnodolsk), 15 villages:
Ragam Thanam Pallavi
Ragam Tanam Pallavi (RTP) is a form of singing in Carnatic music which allows the musicians to improvise to a great extent. It is one of the most complete aspects of Indian classical music, demonstrating the entire gamut of talents and the depth of knowledge of the musician. It incorporates raga alapana, tanam, niraval, and kalpanaswara. In more elaborate ragam tanam pallavis, a tani avartanam may follow.

Ranjani–Gayatri
Ranjani and Gayatri are two sisters who perform as a Carnatic vocal and violin duo. They have also appeared as soloists, accompanists, composers, and educators of Indian Classical Music. Their work includes studio recordings; television, radio, and festival appearances; live concerts; and lecture demonstrations.
Samuel Martires
Samuel Reyes Martires (Tagalog: [sɐmˈwɛl ˈrɛjɛs ˌmaːɾtɪˈrɛs]; born January 2, 1949) is a Filipino lawyer who previously served as the Ombudsman of the Philippines from 2018 until 2025. He was appointed to the post by then-President Rodrigo Duterte. He was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 2017 to 2018.

Martires has repeatedly called for less transparency in government throughout his tenure as Ombudsman, directly taking steps to conceal information on government officials' wealth from the public and calling for the imprisonment of people who make "commentaries" on officials' wealth, earning him criticism as a protector of corrupt politicians.

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
An associate justice of the Supreme Court (Filipino: Kasangguning Mahistrado ng Kataas-taasang Hukuman) is one of fifteen members of the Supreme Court, the highest court in the Philippines. The chief justice presides over the high court, but carries only one of the 15 votes in the court. Traditionally, the chief justice is deemed primus inter pares ("first among equals") among the justices.

Until 1973, only men were appointed as Associate Justices to the Court. Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, an appointee of President Ferdinand Marcos, was the first woman to sit on the court. Since then, 15 other women have been appointed as Associate Justices of the Supreme Court. The most recent woman to be appointed to the high tribunal is Maria Filomena Singh, a former justice of the Court of Appeals of the Philippines on May 18, 2022.
Sister-books
Sister-books (German: Schwesternbuch) is the term for a group of texts in the medieval literature. These works were written by Dominican nuns in the first half of the fourteenth century in South Germany and Switzerland. They relate the mystical experiences of sisters within the monastery, and were influential in the development of medieval mysticism.

Medieval literature
Medieval literature is a broad subject, encompassing essentially all written works available in Europe and beyond during the Middle Ages (that is, the one thousand years from the fall of the Western Roman Empire ca. AD 500 to the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th, 15th or 16th century, depending on country). The literature of this time was composed of religious writings as well as secular works. Like modern literature, it is a broad field of study, from the utterly sacred to the exuberantly profane, touching all points in between. Works of literature are often grouped by place of origin, language, and genre.
Zhamao Township, Qinghai
Zhamao Township (Mandarin: 扎毛乡) is a township in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Zhamao Township had a total population of 4,364: 2,205 males and 2,159 females: 1,228 aged under 14, 2,873 aged between 15 and 65 and 263 aged over 65.

Tongren, Qinghai
Tongren (Tibetan: ཐུན་རིན་, Wylie: thun rin; Chinese: 同仁; pinyin: Tóngrén), known to Tibetans as Rebgong (Tibetan: རེབ་གོང་, རེབ་ཀོང་ or རེབ་སྐོང་, Amdo Tibetan pronunciation: [ɾɛʋ koŋ]) in the historic region of Amdo, is the capital and second smallest administrative subdivision by area within Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai, China.

The city has an area of 3465 square kilometers and a population of ~80,000 (2002), 75% Tibetan. The economy of the city includes agriculture and aluminium mining.
2010 Sultan Qaboos Cup
The 2010 Sultan Qaboos Cup was the 38th edition of the Sultan Qaboos Cup (Arabic: كأس السلطان قابوس), the premier knockout tournament for football teams in Oman. This edition of the cup was nicknamed "Al-Kass Al-'Arba'een" (Arabic: الكأس الاربعين), literally meaning "The 40th Cup", due to the country's 40th anniversary of modernity (although the cup was in fact only in its 38th edition).

The competition began on 17 September 2010 with the qualification round and concluded on 12 December 2010. Saham SC were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2009. Al-Oruba SC were crowned the champions of the 2011 Sultan Qaboos Cup when they defeated Fanja SC 5–3 on penalties after the match had ended 1-1 after extra time, winning the title for the third time.

2009 Sultan Qaboos Cup
The 2009 Sultan Qaboos Cup was the 37th edition of the Sultan Qaboos Cup (Arabic: كأس السلطان قابوس), the premier knockout tournament for football teams in Oman.

The competition began on 25 September 2009 with the Round of 32 and concluded on 7 December 2009. Al-Suwaiq Club were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2008. Saham SC were crowned the champions of the 2009 Sultan Qaboos Cup, winning the title for the first time. They defeated Dhofar S.C.S.C. 7–6 on penalties after the match had ended 2-2 after extra time.