hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1962 Stockton-on-Tees by-election
The 1962 Stockton-on-Tees by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the House of Commons constituency of Stockton-on-Tees in County Durham on 5 April 1962. It was the by-election at which Bill Rodgers, a future Cabinet minister and member of the "Gang of Four" of senior Labour politicians who defected to form the SDP, entered Parliament. Rodgers subsequently helped to lead the SDP into the merger that formed the Liberal Democrats, and later served as that party's leader in the House of Lords. In the circumstances it is not without irony that Rodgers remembers future Liberal leader David Steel, then not yet a Member of Parliament (MP), loudly booing the result of the election at Stockton from the floor of the count.

Stockton-on-Tees (UK Parliament constituency)
Stockton-on-Tees is a former borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election from 1868 to 1983.
2015–16 South West Peninsula League
The 2015–16 South West Peninsula League season was the ninth in the history of the South West Peninsula League, a football competition in England, that feeds the Premier Division of the Western Football League. The league had been formed in 2007 from the merger of the Devon County League and the South Western League, and is restricted to clubs based in Cornwall and Devon. The Premier Division of the South West Peninsula League is on the same level of the National League System as the Western League Division One.

The constitution was announced on 15 May 2015. With regard to relegation from Division One East and Division One West, if only one club were eligible for promotion from these two divisions, then no club would be relegated, but if two clubs were eligible, then one club would be relegated and a playoff match would determine the relegated club. In the event, Okehampton Argyle accepted relegation without participating in a playoff.

Okehampton Argyle F.C.
Okehampton Argyle Football Club is a football club based in Okehampton, England. They are currently members of the South West Peninsula League Premier Division East and play at Simmons Park, Okehampton.
Tuberculin
Tuberculin, known in its modern form as purified protein derivative (PPD), is a combination of proteins that are used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis by injection into the skin.

Common side effects include redness, itchiness (pruritus), and pain at the site of injection. Allergic reactions may occasionally occur. Use is safe in pregnancy.

The original tuberculin, a glycerin extract of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was discovered in 1890 by Robert Koch. Koch, best known for his work on the etiology (cause, origin) of tuberculosis (TB), laid down various rigorous guidelines that aided the establishment between a pathogen and the specific disease that followed that were later named Koch's postulates. Although he initially believed it would cure tuberculosis, this was later disproved.  PPD was invented in 1934 by Florence Seibert, greatly improving the reliability of the skin test over Koch's extract.

PPD is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis.

First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid. This coating makes the cells impervious to Gram staining, and as a result, M. tuberculosis can appear weakly Gram-positive.  Acid-fast stains such as Ziehl–Neelsen, or fluorescent stains such as auramine are used instead to identify M. tuberculosis with a microscope. The physiology of M. tuberculosis is highly aerobic and requires high levels of oxygen. Primarily a pathogen of the mammalian respiratory system, it infects the lungs. The most frequently used diagnostic methods for tuberculosis are the tuberculin skin test, acid-fast stain, culture, and polymerase chain reaction.

The M. tuberculosis genome was sequenced in 1998.
NGC 4237
NGC 4237 is a flocculent spiral galaxy located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 30, 1783 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy and as a Seyfert galaxy.

NGC 4237 appears to be deficient in neutral atomic hydrogen (H I). This, combined with its large projected distance from M87 and its radial velocity close to the Virgo Cluster mean suggests that the galaxy may be on a highly radial orbit through the center of the cluster.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.
Ashleigh Barty career statistics
This is a list of the main career statistics of professional Australian tennis player Ashleigh Barty. She has won 15 singles and 12 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including three Grand Slam titles in singles and one in doubles, and finished as the year-end world No. 1 in singles in 2019, 2020 and 2021.

2021 Mutua Madrid Open
The 2021 Madrid Open (sponsored by Mutua) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Park Manzanares in Madrid, Spain from 29 April – 9 May 2021. It was the 19th edition of the tournament on the ATP Tour and 12th on the WTA Tour. It was classified as an ATP Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2021 ATP Tour and a WTA 1000 event on the 2021 WTA Tour.

The tournament's 2020 edition, which was originally scheduled for 1 to 10 May 2020, and that was later rescheduled to 12 to 20 September 2020 was effectively cancelled on 4 August 2020 after an onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.

Ion Țiriac, the event owner, eventually sold the tournament at the end of the year to IMG for approximately $283 Million.
West Virginia Route 971
West Virginia Route 971 is a 9.9-mile (15.9 km) north–south state highway in Wyoming County, West Virginia. The route runs from West Virginia Route 97 in Baileysville north to West Virginia Route 10 in Oceana. It runs through mountainous, rural terrain, connecting Baileysville and Oceana to the communities of Clear Fork, Lillydale, and Lillyhaven. WV 971 has been the highest numbered state highway in West Virginia since July 2017, when WV 972 was decommissioned and absorbed by WV 93.

West Virginia Route 972
West Virginia Route 972 was a short north–south state highway in Mineral County, West Virginia. It was decommissioned in July 2017, becoming an extension of WV 93. The route connected U.S. Route 220 to U.S. Route 50 in the New Creek Valley. New Creek, West Virginia, the only populated place on the route, is located midway between US 50 and US 220. Route 972 was the highest numbered road in the state of West Virginia. Prior to 1972, WV 972 was part of US 220. In 1972, US 220 was moved to its present alignment east of New Creek.
WASP-54
WASP-54, also known as BD+00 3088, is a binary star system about 818 light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The primary,  WASP-54A, is an F-type subgiant, accompanied by the red dwarf WASP-54B on a wide orbit.  WASP-54 is depleted in heavy elements, having 55% of the solar abundance of iron.  WASP-54 is slightly older than the Sun at 6.9+1.0−1.9 billion years.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
National Depository Centre
A National Depository Centre is a public library in India which receives a copy of all books, newspapers and periodicals published in the country with ISBN and ISSN as the case may be. There are four centres:

Connemara Public Library in Chennai

Asiatic Society of Bombay in Mumbai

National Library, Calcutta

Delhi Public Library, Delhi

The Asiatic Society of Mumbai
The Asiatic Society of Mumbai (formerly Asiatic Society of Bombay) is a learned society in the field of Asian studies based in Mumbai, India. It can trace its origin to the Literary Society of Bombay which first met in Mumbai on 26 November 1804, and was founded by Sir James Mackintosh. It was formed with the intention of "promoting useful knowledge, particularly such as is now immediately connected with India". After the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was established in London in 1823, the Literary Society of Bombay became affiliated with it and was known as the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (BBRAS) since 1830. The Bombay Geographical Society merged with it in 1873, followed by the Anthropological Society of Bombay in 1896. In 1954, it was separated from the Royal Asiatic Society and renamed the Asiatic Society of Bombay. In 2002, it acquired its present name. It is funded by an annual grant from the Central Government of India.
2009 J.League Division 2
The 2009 J. League Division 2 season was the 38th season of the second-tier club football in Japan and the 11th season since the establishment of J2 League.  The season started on March 7 and ended on December 5.

In this season, the number of participating clubs was increased by three, making the total number, eighteen.  The clubs played in triple round-robin format.  Starting this season, all top three clubs were promoted by default and Pro/Rele Series was eliminated accordingly.  There were no relegation to the third-tier Japan Football League.

Tochigi SC
Tochigi Soccer Club (栃木サッカークラブ, Tochigi Sakkākurabu), commonly referred to as Tochigi SC (栃木SC, Tochigi Esushi) is a Japanese professional football club based in Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. They currently play in the J3 League, Japan's third tier of professional football, after being relegated from the J2 League in 2024.
Brockenhurst
Brockenhurst is a large village in the New Forest district of Hampshire, England. Southampton is 13 miles (21 km) to the north-east, and Bournemouth is 15 miles (24 km) south-west. Surrounding towns and villages include Beaulieu, Lymington, Lyndhurst, and Sway.

Sway, Hampshire
Sway is a village and civil parish in Hampshire in the New Forest national park in England. The civil parish was formed in 1879, when lands were taken from the extensive parish of Boldre. The village has shops and pubs, and a railway station on the South West Main Line from Weymouth and Bournemouth to Southampton and London Waterloo. It is the site of Sway Tower, a 66-metre (217 ft) concrete folly built in the 19th century. The outbuildings of the Grade II listed Forest Heath House are used as artist studios and exhibition space by the charity SPUDWorks.

Sway is on the southern edge of the woodland and heathland of the New Forest. Much of Marryat's novel The Children of the New Forest is set in the countryside surrounding Sway.
Cora soredavidia
Cora soredavidia is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in both Central and South America, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Manuela Dal Forno, Marcelo Pinto Marcelli, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet soredavidia combines a reference to the sorediate margins and the first name of mycologist David Leslie Hawksworth. The lichen is found in Costa Rica's Cerro de la Muerte (the type locality), as well as the southeastern Atlantic forest in Brazil. It grows as an epiphyte on tree twigs and branches.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
Naval Base Eniwetok
Naval Base Eniwetok was a major United States Navy base located at Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands, during World War II. The base was built to support the island-hopping strategy used by allied nations fighting the Empire of Japan in the Pacific War. During 1944–1945 Eniwetok was one of the busiest naval bases in the world with over 488 ships.

Repair ship
A repair ship is a naval auxiliary ship designed to provide maintenance support to warships. Repair ships provide similar services to destroyer, submarine and seaplane tenders or depot ships, but may offer a broader range of repair capability including equipment and personnel for repair of more significant machinery failures or battle damage.
Richard Woolfe
Joseph Richard Woolfe (born 14 August 1962) is a senior British broadcast figure. Until recently, Woolfe was the Creative Director of Prime Focus Productions, the UK arm of Prime Focus Group, a role created for him to help spearhead the post-production house's push into TV production, with a focus on high-end drama and entertainment formats. Woolfe was formerly channel controller of Sky1 and Channel 5.

According to The Guardian, "there is no one more noisy in UK TV management than Woolfe".

Gladiators (2008 British TV series)
Gladiators is a British television series which aired on Sky One from 11 May 2008 to 25 October 2009. It was a revival of the earlier series of the same name and based on the second American version of the show. The US, UK and Australian versions of the show were all revived in 2008.

For the first series, the show was hosted by Ian Wright and Kirsty Gallacher with original referee John Anderson returning. The second series saw Caroline Flack replace Gallacher as host and Anderson replaced by boxing referee John Coyle.

During its original airing on Sky One, it was sponsored by Wii.

The show was cancelled in May 2009 by then director of programmes Stuart Murphy. On 13 January 2024, a second revival started broadcasting on BBC One and BBC iPlayer, presented by Bradley Walsh alongside his son Barney.
Hanner's inequalities
In mathematics, Hanner's inequalities are results in the theory of Lp spaces. Their proof was published in 1956 by Olof Hanner. They provide a simpler way of proving the uniform convexity of Lp spaces for p ∈ (1, +∞) than the approach proposed by James A. Clarkson in 1936.

Uniformly convex space
In mathematics, uniformly convex spaces (or uniformly rotund spaces) are common examples of  reflexive Banach spaces. The concept of uniform convexity was first introduced by James A. Clarkson in 1936.
Eidesvik Offshore
Eidesvik Offshore is a supply, subsea, seismic and cable-laying shipping company. The fleet consists of ten supply ships, both platform supply vessels and anchor handling tug supply vessels, five subsea vessels, five seismic vessels and one cable-laying ship. All the ships are orange in color, and most of them have names starting with Viking. The company is based in Bømlo Municipality, Norway and is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Two thirds of the company is owned by Kristian Eidesvik, who also controls the short sea shipping company Wilson.

Wilson (company)
Wilson ASA is a shortsea liner shipping company that operates about 100 vessels, of which 64 are owned. The ships are bulk carriers in the range of 1,500 long tons deadweight (DWT) to 10,000 DWT. The company is controlled by Kristian Eidesvik, who owns about 80% of the company. Headquarters are located in Bergen, Norway.
Eleazar ha-Kappar
Eleazar ha-Kappar (Hebrew: אלעזר הקפר) was a Jewish rabbi of the fifth and last generation of the tannaim. He was a colleague of Judah ha-Nasi and was in the company of him occasionally. He spent most of his life at ancient Katzrin. He was the father of bar Kappara, who is sometimes cited by the same name. He had a nephew named Hiyya, who was known for his pleasant voice.

Beth midrash
A beth midrash (Hebrew: בית מדרש, "house of learning"; pl.: batei midrash), also beis medrash, bais midrash, or beit midrash, is a hall dedicated for Torah study, often translated as a "study hall". It is distinct from a synagogue (beth knesseth), although the two are often coextensive. In Yiddish the beth midrash may be referred to as a zal, i.e. "hall". Beis midrash can also refer to a yeshiva gedolah, the undergraduate-level program in Orthodoxy, for boys over 12th grade.

The Arabic term "madrasah" is derived from the same Semitic root, and refers to any type of educational institution. The root דרש means "to seek [knowledge]" and is then generalized to mean "expound".
Modibo Adama
Adama ɓii Ardo Hassana (1786 – 1847), more commonly known as Modibbo Adama (Modibbo meaning "learned man"), was a Fulani scholar from the Yillaga (Yirlaɓe) clan. He led a jihad into the region of Fombina (in modern-day Cameroon and Nigeria) and established the emirate of Fombina, also known as Adamawa.

Modibbo Adama received a flag from Shehu Usman dan Fodio to lead a jihad in Fombina ('southlands') during the Sokoto revolution. Fombina later became one of the largest and most complex emirates in Usman's Sokoto Caliphate. It spanned about forty thousand square miles that covered parts of northeastern Nigeria, entire northern Cameroon and parts of Central African Republic.

Benue River
Benue River (French: la Bénoué), previously known as the Chadda River or Tchadda, is the major tributary of the Niger River. The size of its catchment basin is 319,000 km2 (123,000 mi2). Almost its entire length of approximately 1,400 km (870 mi) is navigable during the summer months. As a result, it is an important transportation route in the regions through which it flows. The name Benue comes from bernor, meaning 'river or lake of hippos’ in the Tiv.
Journey Through the Past
Journey Through the Past is a double LP soundtrack album from the film of the same name by Canadian / American musician Neil Young, released in November 1972 on Reprise Records, catalogue number 2XS 6480. It peaked at No. 45 on the Billboard 200. Its initial release was on vinyl, cassette tape, reel-to-reel tape, and 8-track tape cartridge. Although its follow-up Time Fades Away was finally released on CD in August 2017, Journey Through the Past remains the only 1970s Neil Young album yet to see an official CD reissue.

Alamo Christian Foundation
The Alamo Christian Foundation was an American cult which was founded in 1969 by Tony Alamo and his wife, Susan Alamo. Susan Alamo died in April 1982.

After years of legal troubles during which he engaged in abusive behavior against his followers, Tony Alamo was convicted of 10 child rape offenses in 2009. He received a maximum sentence of 175 years and was imprisoned until his death in May 2017.
Marano Lagunare
Marano Lagunare (Friulian: Maran) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Udine.

Marano Lagunare borders the following municipalities: Carlino, Grado, Latisana, Lignano Sabbiadoro, Muzzana del Turgnano, Palazzolo dello Stella, Precenicco, San Giorgio di Nogaro.

Palazzolo dello Stella
Palazzolo dello Stella (Friulian: Palassôl) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Udine.
Moyola Park F.C.
Moyola Park Association Football Club is an intermediate, Northern Irish football club playing in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League. The club, founded in 1880, hails from Castledawson, near Magherafelt, County Londonderry, and plays its home matches at Fortwilliam Park with the club groundsharing with Tobermore United following the closure of Mill Meadow. Club colours are royal blue and yellow. The club won the inaugural Irish Cup in 1881. The club is managed by Martin Smith.

Ballymoney United F.C.
Ballymoney United Football Club is an intermediate, Northern Irish football club playing in the Ballymena & Provincial Football League. The club, founded in 1944, hails from Ballymoney, County Antrim and currently plays its home matches at Riada Stadium. Before relegation from the Northern Ireland Football League in 2015, the club played at the Riada Stadium in Ballymoney, which is shared with  Glebe Rangers. Club colours are all blue with a white and black away kit.
Réseau Breton
The Réseau Breton (French pronunciation: [ʁezo bʁətɔ̃], RB) is a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), standard gauge, and former 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in), metre gauge, railway in Finistère, France, with a few kilometres of line in Côtes d'Armor, Ille-et-Vilaine and Morbihan. The hub of the system was Carhaix. The metre gauge lines were built with the capacity to be easily converted to standard gauge if necessary.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
Railroads in Omaha
Railroads in Omaha, Nebraska, have been integral to the growth and development of the city, the state of Nebraska, the Western United States and the entire United States. The convergence of many railroad forces upon the city was by happenstance and synergy, as none of the Omaha leaders had a comprehensive strategy for bringing railroads to the city.

Omaha station (Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad)
Omaha station, also known as the Burlington Station, is a former station of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad in Omaha, Nebraska. Designed by Thomas Rogers Kimball in Italianate style, it opened in 1898 and operated until 1974; it is currently used as the studio facility for Omaha's ABC affiliate, television station KETV (channel 7). The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is a contributing property to the Omaha Rail and Commerce Historic District. It is located at 1001 South 10th Street in downtown Omaha, southeast of the Old Market and immediately north of Little Italy.