hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ideler (crater)
Ideler is a small lunar impact crater in the low southern latitudes of the Moon. This formation is visible from the Earth, but it appears somewhat foreshortened due to its location. The crater lies just to the northeast of the larger crater Baco, and west-northwest of the prominent Pitiscus. To the west-northwest of Ideler is Breislak.

This feature forms part of a nearly matched crater pair with Ideler L, which Ideler intrudes upon along its eastern flank. The smaller satellite crater Baco R is nearly attached to the opposite, western rim. The remainder of the rim is worn, with a pair of small craterlets along the northern rim and inner wall. The interior floor is nearly featureless.

It is named for the German astronomer Christian Ludwig Ideler.

Breislak (crater)
Breislak is a lunar impact crater that lies within one crater diameter north-northwest of the crater Baco, in the southern part of the Moon. To the north-northwest is the crater Barocius, and to the west lies Clairaut. This crater was named in honor of geologist Scipione Breislak.

The rim of Breislak has been heavily worn by subsequent impacts, and several small craterlets lie along the outer wall. One of these craters has cut a notch in the southeast wall, and there are craterlets to the northeast and southwest of this break. A small crater lies on the inner face of the northern wall. The inner surface is roughly level, but pock-marked by several tiny craterlets.
ΔT (timekeeping)
In precise timekeeping, ΔT (Delta T, delta-T, deltaT, or DT) is a measure of the cumulative effect of the departure of the Earth's rotation period from the fixed-length day of International Atomic Time (86,400 seconds). Formally, ΔT is the time difference ΔT = TT − UT between Universal Time (UT, defined by Earth's rotation) and Terrestrial Time (TT, independent of Earth's rotation). The value of ΔT for the start of 1902 was approximately zero; for 2002 it was about 64 seconds. Therefore, Earth's rotations over that century took about 64 seconds longer than would be required for days of atomic time. As well as this long-term drift in the length of the day there are short-term fluctuations in the length of day (Δτ) which are dealt with separately.

Since early 2017, the length of the day has happened to be very close to the conventional value, and ΔT has remained within half a second of 69 seconds.

Universal Time
Universal Time (UT or UT1) is a time standard based on Earth's rotation. While originally it was mean solar time at 0° longitude, precise measurements of the Sun are difficult. Therefore, UT1 is computed from a measure of the Earth's angle with respect to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF), called the Earth Rotation Angle (ERA, which serves as the replacement for Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time). UT1 is the same everywhere on Earth. UT1 is required to follow the relationship

where Tu = (Julian UT1 date − 2451545.0).
Colostomy
A colostomy is an opening (stoma) in the large intestine (colon), or the surgical procedure that creates one. The opening is formed by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place. This opening, often in conjunction with an attached ostomy system, provides an alternative channel for feces to leave the body. Thus if the natural anus is unavailable for that function (for example, in cases where it has been removed as part of treatment for colorectal cancer or ulcerative colitis), an artificial anus takes over. It may be reversible or irreversible, depending on the circumstances.

Descending colon
In the anatomy of humans and homologous primates, the descending colon is the part of the colon extending from the left colic flexure to the level of the iliac crest (whereupon it transitions into the sigmoid colon). The function of the descending colon in the digestive system is to store the remains of digested food that will be emptied into the rectum.

The descending colon is on the left side of the body (barring any malformations). The term left colon is hypernymous to descending colon in precise use; many casual mentions of the left colon chiefly concern the descending colon.
Steering
Steering is the control of the direction of motion or the components that enable its control. Steering is achieved through various arrangements, among them ailerons for airplanes, rudders for boats, cylic tilting of rotors for helicopters, and many more.

Differential (mechanical device)
A differential is a gear train with three drive shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others. A common use of differentials is in motor vehicles, to allow the wheels at each end of a drive axle to rotate at different speeds while cornering. Other uses include clocks and analogue computers.
Differentials can also provide a gear ratio between the input and output shafts (called the "axle ratio" or "diff ratio"). For example, many differentials in motor vehicles provide a gearing reduction by having fewer teeth on the pinion than the ring gear.
Tetrapterys
Tetrapterys is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malpighiaceae, native to Latin America and the Caribbean, from Mexico through to Argentina, but excluding Chile. Small trees, shrubs or vines, they are known to be toxic to livestock if consumed for long periods of time, and T. mucronata and T. styloptera (formerly T. methystica) have hallucinogenic effects in humans similar to ayahuasca.

Malpighiaceae
Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 71 genera and 1315 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics. About 80% of the genera and 90% of the species occur in the New World (the Caribbean and the southernmost United States to Argentina) and the rest in the Old World (Africa, Madagascar, and Indomalaya to New Caledonia and the Philippines).

One useful species in the family is Malpighia emarginata, often called acerola. The fruit is consumed in areas where the plant is native. The plant is cultivated elsewhere for the fruit, which is rich in vitamin C.

Another member of the family, caapi or yagé (Banisteriopsis caapi), is used in the entheogenic brew known as ayahuasca.

One feature found in several members of this family, and rarely in others, is providing pollinators with rewards other than pollen or nectar; this is commonly in the form of nutrient oils (resins are offered by Clusiaceae).
The only poll that counts...
The phrase "The only poll that counts..." is used by politicians to dismiss the importance of opinion polls and highlight the importance of polling day. It is particularly used as a response to questions about negative opinion poll results and is generally considered tongue-in-cheek or ironic. It is particularly well known as a feature of Australian politics where its inclusion in party-political briefings and instructions has caused controversy. The generally accepted continuation of the phrase is, "...is the one on election day".

Opinion poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.
Hemopoietic growth factor
Hemopoietic growth factors regulate the differentiation and proliferation of particular progenitor cells. Made available through recombinant DNA technology, they hold tremendous potential for medical uses when a person's natural ability to form blood cells is diminished or defective.  Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) is very effective in treating the diminished red blood cell production that accompanies end-stage kidney disease.   Erythropoietin is a sialoglycoprotein hormone produced by peritubular cells of kidney.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte CSF are given to stimulate white blood cell formation in cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy, which tends to kill their red bone marrow cells as well as the cancer cells.  Thrombopoietin shows great promise for preventing platelet depletion during chemotherapy.  CSFs and thrombopoietin also improve the outcome of patients who receive bone marrow transplants.

Colony-stimulating factor
Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are secreted glycoproteins that bind to receptor proteins on the surfaces of committed progenitors in the bone marrow, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways that can cause the cells to proliferate and differentiate into a specific kind of blood cell (usually white blood cells.  For red blood cell formation, see erythropoietin).

They may be synthesized and administered exogenously. However, such molecules can at a latter stage be detected, since they differ slightly from the endogenous ones in, e.g., features of post-translational modification.
2012 The Hague Open
The 2012 The Hague Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 20th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the Tretorn SERIE+. It took place in Scheveningen, Netherlands between 9 and 15 July 2012.

2012 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2012 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and a total of 148 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Cigar etiquette
Cigar etiquette is polite behaviour when smoking a cigar.  For example, in 19th century Havana, it was considered an insult to give another smoker a light from your cigar without first knocking off the ash from the cigar.

Politeness
Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette so as not to offend others and to put them at ease. It is a culturally defined phenomenon, and therefore what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or simply eccentric in another cultural context.

While the goal of politeness is to refrain from behaving in an offensive way so as not to offend others, and to make all people feel relaxed and comfortable with one another, these culturally defined standards at times may be broken within the context of personal boundaries – this is known as positive politeness.
String Quartet No. 10 (Shostakovich)
Dmitri Shostakovich's String Quartet No. 10 in A♭ major, Op. 118, was composed from 9 to 20 July 1964. It was premiered by the Beethoven Quartet in Moscow and is dedicated to composer Mieczysław (Moisei) Weinberg, a close friend of Shostakovich. It has been described as cultivating the uncertain mood of his earlier Stalin-era quartets, as well as foreshadowing the austerity and emotional distance of his later works. The quartet typified the preference for chamber music over large scale works, such as symphonies, that characterised his late period. According to musicologist Richard Taruskin, this made him the first Russian composer to devote so much time to the string quartet medium.

Glossary of music terminology
A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.

Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.
Lambda Leporis
Lambda Leporis, which is the Latinized form of λ Leporis, is a solitary, blue-white hued star in the southern constellation of Lepus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.29. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 3.83 mas, it is estimated to lie roughly 850 light years from the Sun. Relative to its neighbors, this star has a peculiar velocity of 16.3±2.8 km/s. It is a member of the Orion OB1 association (Ori OB1), and it has been identified as a high-velocity runaway star.

This is a massive, B-type main-sequence star with a corrected stellar classification of B0.5 V. It is an estimated eight million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 30 km/s. This star has around 15 times the mass of the Sun and 4.5 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 15,488 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 30,400 K.

Lepus (constellation)
Lepus is a constellation lying just south of the celestial equator. Its name is Latin for hare. It is located below—immediately south—of Orion (the hunter), and is sometimes represented as a hare being chased by Orion or by Orion's hunting dogs.

Although the hare does not represent any particular figure in Greek mythology, Lepus was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations.
Xtreme (group)
Xtreme is an American music duo consisting of members Danny D (born as Danny Alfredo Mejía on July 23, 1985) and Steve Styles (born as Steven Tejada on November 25, 1985) of Dominican descent. The duo focuses on the Dominican genre bachata. Xtreme was formed in 2003 and has enjoyed success among Hispanics in the United States. The original line-up included another vocalist, Elvis Rosario, who was also a guitarist in the group. He left after 2005 or 2006. Xtreme has enjoyed success with singles like Te Extraño, Shorty, Shorty, ¿Adónde Se Fue?, No Me Digas Que No, among others.

Billboard tropical charts
The Billboard tropical charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Tropical Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Tropical Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on tropical  radio stations before switching to an audience-based methodology in January 2017. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different tropical charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Tropical Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing tropical songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

According to Billboard, tropical music refers to music originating from the Spanish-speaking areas of the Caribbean, namely salsa, merengue, bachata, cumbia, and vallenato.
Marigold Southey
Marigold Merlyn Baillieu Southey, Lady Southey AC (née Myer; born 2 May 1928) is an Australian philanthropist who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria from 2001 to 2006.

Lady Southey was born in San Francisco into the Myer family, the youngest of four children of Sidney Myer and Dame Merlyn Myer (née Baillieu). She was educated at St Catherine's School, Toorak and the University of Melbourne.

From the mid-1950s until 1999, she was director of the Myer family companies. In 1996, she succeeded her brother, Sidney, as president of the philanthropic Myer Foundation until she resigned in 2004.

On 1 January 2001, Lady Southey was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria under Governor John Landy.

In 1950, she married Ross Shelmerdine, who died in 1979—they had four children. In 1982, she married businessman and former Liberal Party president Sir Robert Southey, becoming Lady Southey.

Myer family
The Myer family is an Australian retailing dynasty of Jewish origin. It was founded in Australia by Sidney Myer, who started the department store Myer, and Merlyn Myer, his wife. Following the death of Sidney Myer in 1934, his nephew, Sir Norman Myer, continued much of his retailing dynasty. The family has a strong history of philanthropy and established one of Australia's first single family offices in 1976.
2011 ISAF Sailing World Championships
The  2011 ISAF Sailing World Championships was held in Perth, Western Australia, this was the third edition of the ISAF Sailing World Championships. It is the world championships for all disciplines used at the upcoming Olympics. As it used to allocate 75% of the qualification quota for the 2012 Summer Olympics this event has added significance.

Sailing World Championships
The Sailing World Championships (formerly ISAF Sailing World Championships) are World championships in sailing for the 10 events contested at the Summer Olympics, organized by World Sailing (formerly ISAF) and held every four years since 2003. In contrast to other years, when each class organise their World championship under supervision of World Sailing, they are the combined World championships for all the disciplines of the next Summer Olympics and serves as the major qualification event for it.
DWRB
DWRB (549 AM) Radyo Pilipinas is a radio station owned and operated by the Presidential Broadcast Service. Its studio is located at City Youth Center, Taal Ave., Brgy Dayangdang, Naga, Camarines Sur, and its Transmitter is located at Bula, Camarines Sur.

Presidential Broadcast Service
The Presidential Broadcast Service – Bureau of Broadcast Services (PBS-BBS; Filipino: Pampanguluhang Serbisyong Pambrodkast – Kawanihan ng mga Serbisyong Pambrodkast) is a state radio network owned by the Philippine government under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO).

PBS operates national radio brands: Radyo Pilipinas – Radyo Publiko, Sports Radio, Radyo Magasin, Republika ni Juan and The Capital, as well as international shortwave station Radyo Pilipinas World Service. PBS, along with its television network counterparts People's Television Network, Radio Philippines Network (20% minority-owned) and Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation which forms the media arm of the PCO.

As one of the attached agencies of the OPS, the PBS-BBS receives funding from the General Appropriations Act (Annual National Budget) and sales from blocktimers and advertisers, among others.
2007 Laguna local elections
Local elections were held in the Province of Laguna on May 14, 2007 as part of the 2007 Philippine general election. Voters selected candidates for all local positions: a municipal/city mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the vice-governor, governor and representatives for the four districts of Laguna.

Laguna Provincial Board
The Laguna Provincial Board (Filipino: Sangguniang Panlalawigan ng Laguna) is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Laguna.

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into four legislative districts, the first and the second sending three members each and the third and fourth sending two members each; the number of the members the electorate votes depends on the number of members their district sends. The candidates with the highest number of votes in each district, depending on the number of members the district sends, are elected.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the four legislative districts of Laguna, as well as the lone congressional districts of Biñan, Calamba, and Santa Rosa since 2025.
Sigismund Zinzan
Sir Sigismund Zinzan alias Sir Sigismund Alexander was an equerry to Queen Elizabeth I and a champion in the tiltyard who participated in tournaments during the latter years of Queen Elizabeth's reign and throughout the reign of King James. He was the stepfather of Sir Matthew Brend, owner of the Globe Theatre, and during the years 1624-7 was himself the effective owner of the Globe.

Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales KG (19 February 1594 – 6 November 1612) was the eldest son and heir apparent of King James VI and I and Anne of Denmark. His name derives from his grandfathers: Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley; and Frederick II of Denmark. Prince Henry was widely seen as a bright and promising heir to the English, Irish, and Scottish thrones. However, at the age of 18, he predeceased his father, dying of typhoid fever. His younger brother, the future Charles I, succeeded him as heir apparent to the thrones.
Truncated 5-cell
In geometry, a truncated 5-cell is a uniform 4-polytope (4-dimensional uniform polytope) formed as the truncation of the regular 5-cell.

There are two degrees of truncations, including a bitruncation.

Disphenoid
In geometry, a disphenoid (from Greek  sphenoeides 'wedgelike') is a tetrahedron whose four faces are congruent acute-angled triangles. It can also be described as a tetrahedron in which every two edges that are opposite each other have equal lengths. Other names for the same shape are isotetrahedron, sphenoid, bisphenoid, isosceles tetrahedron, equifacial tetrahedron, almost regular tetrahedron, and tetramonohedron.

All the solid angles and vertex figures of a disphenoid are the same, and the sum of the face angles at each vertex is equal to two right angles. However, a disphenoid is not a regular polyhedron, because, in general, its faces are not regular polygons, and its edges have three different lengths.
Warwickshire 3
Warwickshire 3 was a tier 10 English Rugby Union league with teams from Warwickshire taking part.  Promoted teams moved up to Warwickshire 2 and there was no relegation.  Following restructuring of the Warwickshire leagues at the end of 1991–92 season, Warwickshire 3 was cancelled and the teams transferred into the newly introduced Staffordshire/Warwickshire 3 or Staffordshire/Warwickshire 4.

Warwickian RUFC
Warwickian Rugby Union Football Club or WRUFC, known as Warwickians, is a Rugby union club in Warwickshire, England. The team currently fields a 1st XV in the Midlands 5 West (South) League, and a 2nd XV .

The team is based at the Hampton Road Sports Ground, on Hampton Road, Warwick.
WKJX
WKJX (96.7 FM, "The Coast") is a hot adult contemporary formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Elizabeth City, North Carolina, serving Elizabeth City and the Outer Banks.  WKJX is owned and operated by East Carolina Radio of Elizabeth City, Inc.

While WKJX is primarily heard in North Carolina, it can be heard in extreme south-eastern sections of Hampton Roads.

WOBR-FM
WOBR-FM (95.3 MHz, "Pirate 95.3") is a radio station broadcasting a mainstream rock format. Licensed to Wanchese, North Carolina, United States, it serves the Outer Banks.  The station is owned by East Carolina Radio, Inc.
2025–26 FA Trophy
The 2025–26 FA Trophy (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2025–26 Isuzu FA Trophy) is the 57th edition of the FA Trophy, an annual football competition for teams at levels 5–8 of the English football league system.

Aldershot Town are the defending champions, having won the 2024–25 edition.

2024–25 FA Trophy
The 2024–25 FA Trophy (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2024–25 Isuzu FA Trophy) was the 56th edition of the FA Trophy, an annual football competition for teams at levels 5–8 of the English football league system.

Defending champions Gateshead were knocked-out during the fourth round by Boston United.
The Overflow of Clancy
The Overflow of Clancy is a poem written under the pseudonym "H.H.C.C" and first published in The Bulletin magazine on 20 August 1892 as part of the Bulletin Debate, a series of poems about the true nature of life in the Australian bush.
The poem is a parody of Paterson's Clancy of the Overflow.

Colin Roderick, in his biography Banjo Paterson: Poet by Accident (1993), states on page 76 that he believes the poem was written by Henry Lawson.

However, Herbert Humphrey Cripps-Clark (1860–1929) was a contemporary poet whose initials were the same as those of the pseudonym.

Bulletin Debate
The "Bulletin Debate" was a well-publicised dispute in The Bulletin magazine between two of Australia's best known writers and poets, Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson. The debate took place via a series of poems about the merits of living in the Australian "bush", published from 1892 to 1893.