hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kogiinae
Little sperm whales are members of the subfamily Kogiinae,  sperm whales of the family Kogiidae (the other subfamily being Scaphokogiinae) comprising the genera Kogia and the both extinct taxons Praekogia and Pliokogia.

Scaphokogia
Scaphokogia is an extinct genus of pygmy sperm whales that lived off the coasts of Mexico and Peru, South America during the Late Miocene to Late Pliocene. Two species have currently been described: the type species S. cochlearis and S. totajpe. Fossils of Scaphokogia have been found in the Tirabuzon Formation of Baja California and the Pisco Formation of Peru. Scaphokogia existed about 5 million years ago, and were relatively rare animals.
Ramesh Chennithala
Ramesh Ramakrishnan Chennithala, [ɾɐmeːʃ t͡ʃenːit̪ːɐlɐ], (born 25 May 1956), is an Indian politician, and a permanent invitee to Working Committee of the Indian National Congress. He was a previous Minister for the state of Kerala and the Leader of the Opposition in the 14th Kerala Legislative Assembly but was unsuccessful to form a government in the 2021 Kerala election.

Third Karunakaran ministry
The Seventh Kerala Legislative Assembly Council of Ministers in K. Karunakaran's third ministry, was a Kerala Council of Ministers (Kerala Cabinet), the executive wing of Kerala state government, led by Indian National Congress leader K. Karunakaran from 24 May 1982 to 25 March 1987. It comprised 18 ministers, all belonging to the United Democratic Front. The ministry was formed in the aftermath of the victory of the United Democratic Front in the 1982 assembly elections.

Indian Union Muslim League Leader C.H. Mohammed Koya was sworn as the Deputy Chief Minister of the state, a post he continued to hold until he died on 28 September 1983. Fellow party leader K. Avukaderkutty Naha was sworn in as the 3rd (and as of now the last) Deputy Chief Minister on 24 October 1983 and held the post until the dissolution of the ministry.

The Ministry underwent periodic reshuffling in 1983 and 1986.
Rhod Gilbert
Rhodri Paul Gilbert (born 18 October 1968) is a Welsh comedian and television and radio presenter who was nominated in 2005 for the Perrier Best Newcomer Award. In 2008, he was nominated for the main comedy award (as the Edinburgh Comedy Awards were then branded).

Gilbert appears on television and radio panel shows, has performed stand-up on the Royal Variety Performance, and hosted a weekly show on BBC Radio Wales.

In September 2014, Gilbert started presenting the BBC Two panel show Never Mind the Buzzcocks, ending a run of five series without a permanent host.

Comedy Central (UK & Ireland)
Comedy Central is a pay television channel in the United Kingdom and Ireland that features original and syndicated comedy programming. The local variant of the Comedy Central channel in the United States, it launched as The Paramount Channel in 1995, later rebranding as the Paramount Comedy Channel in 1997, Paramount Comedy in 2002 and Paramount Comedy 1 in 2005 before adopting its current name on 6 April 2009.
The Tyneside Songster by J. W. Swanston
The Tyneside Songster (or to give it its full title – "The Tyneside Songster containing a splendid collection of Local Songs by popular Authors, in the Northumbrian Dialect Printed by J W Swanston, 67 & 69 St Andrews Street, Newcastle and may be had at all Booksellers, Newsagents, &c"  is a chapbook of Geordie folk song consisting of 39 songs, crammed into its meagre 16 pages, and published in the 1880s by J. W. Swanston, a Newcastle printer and publisher.

Chapbook
A chapbook is a type of small printed booklet that was a popular medium for street literature throughout early modern Europe. Chapbooks were usually produced cheaply, illustrated with crude woodcuts and printed on a single sheet folded into 8, 12, 16, or 24 pages, sometimes bound with a saddle stitch. Printers provided chapbooks on credit to chapmen, who sold them both from door to door and at markets and fairs, then paying for the stock they sold. The tradition of chapbooks emerged during the 16th century as printed books were becoming affordable, with the medium ultimately reaching its height of popularity during the 17th and 18th centuries. Various ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks, such as almanacs, children's literature, folklore, ballads, nursery rhymes, pamphlets, poetry, and political and religious tracts. The term chapbook remains in use by publishers to refer to short, inexpensive booklets.
Subtractive drawing
Subtractive drawing is a technique in which the drawing surface is covered with graphite or charcoal marks and then erased to make the image. This technique is often used to add texture, establish tonal shapes, or create the appearance of reflected light in a drawing. Artists commonly use a kneaded or putty eraser for this type of drawing, due to its ability to absorb pigment and be manipulated into custom shapes, including fine tips. Charcoal figure drawing commonly uses a combination of subtractive and additive drawing techniques.

Charcoal (art)
Artists' charcoal is charcoal used as a dry art medium. Both compressed charcoal (held together by a gum or wax binder) and charcoal sticks (wooden sticks burned in a kiln without air) are used. The marks it leaves behind on paper are much less permanent than with other media such as graphite, and so lines can easily be erased and blended. Charcoal can produce lines that are very light or intensely black. The dry medium can be applied to almost any surface from smooth to very coarse. Fixatives are used with charcoal drawings to solidify the position to prevent erasing or rubbing off of charcoal dusts.

The method used to create artists' charcoal is similar to that employed in other fields, such as producing gunpowder and cooking fuel. The type of wood material and preparation method allow a variety of charcoal types and textures to be produced.
2020 in Central America
The following lists events that happened during 2020 in Central America:  Belize,  Costa Rica,  El Salvador,  Guatemala,  Honduras,  Nicaragua, and  Panama.

The combined population of Central America is estimated at 44.53 million (2016).

Managua
Managua (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnaɣwa]) is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the largest cities in Central America. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, and a population of 1,401,687 in its metropolitan area. The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department.

Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The city underwent a rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake, but the city has been rebuilt several times. Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America.
2024 Borden-Kinkora provincial by-election
The 2024 Borden-Kinkora (District 19) provincial by-election was originally scheduled for February 5, 2024. However, because of impending weather conditions, Elections PEI announced the election would be postponed until Tuesday, February 6, 2024, with the same voting locations in place. It was then postponed again to February 7. It was triggered by the resignation of Progressive Conservative Jamie Fox from the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island.

It was won by Green candidate Matt MacFarlane.

Borden-Carleton
Borden-Carleton is a town in Prince County in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island.  It is situated on the south shore fronting on the Northumberland Strait.  The town was originally incorporated as a community on April 12, 1995, through the amalgamation of the town of Borden and the community of Carleton.  The town of Borden opted to demote its status to a community in light of a declining tax base with the pending completion of the Confederation Bridge and the closure of the Marine Atlantic ferry service. Borden-Carleton became a town on July 31, 2012.
Spitosa
Spitosa is a genus of butterflies in the family Riodinidae. Species in the genus were formerly included in the genus Abisara but the genus was found to be non-monophyletic in studies, forcing the separation of Abisara in the strict sense from the other species placed in that genus. Spitosa is an anagram of Sospita, an older genus name proposed by Hewitson in 1861 but found to be a homonym. The species in the genus Spitosa are separated from other genera by the narrow and clear transverse band on the forewing disc extending from the costa to the tornus. The hind wing has only a slight tail-like projection. The male genitalia are also distinct in having a central plate and juxta, a broader valve with a rounded tip unlike the bifurcate tip in Abisara.

Species that are now included in Spitosa are:

Spitosa fylla (Westwood, 1851)

Spitosa fylloides (Moore, 1901)

Spitosa magdala (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Spitosa sobrina (Mell, 1923)

Spitosa fylloides
Spitosa fylloides is a butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Asia.

It was the first butterfly species of the Riodinidae to have its mitochondrial DNA sequenced.  The mitochondrial DNA has 15,301 base pairs.
Tentacular (video game)
Tentacular is a 2022 virtual reality action-adventure video game developed by German studio Firepunchd Games and published by Devolver Digital. The game was released for Windows via Meta Quest 2 and SteamVR on 24 March 2022, and released for the PlayStation 5 as a launch title for the PlayStation VR2 on February 22, 2023.

Virtual reality game
A virtual reality game or VR game is a video game played on virtual reality (VR) hardware. Most VR games are based on player immersion, typically through a head-mounted display unit or headset with stereoscopic displays and one or more controllers.

The video game industry made early attempts at VR in the 1990s, most notably with Sega's VR-1 and Virtuality for arcades, along with unsuccessful attempts for home consoles with the Sega VR prototype and Nintendo's Virtual Boy. With the introduction of the first consumer-ready home VR product, the Oculus Rift, in 2013, home VR games soon followed, including existing games adapted for the VR hardware, and new games designed directly for VR. While VR hardware and games grew modestly for the remainder of the 2010s, Half-Life: Alyx, a full VR game developed by Valve and released in 2020, was considered the killer application for VR games.
PEHP Health & Benefits
PEHP Health & Benefits, known as Public Employees Health Program or simply PEHP, is a division of Utah Retirement Systems and administers Utah's public employees medical, dental, life, and long-term disability benefits. PEHP is governed through Title 49 of the Utah Code.

PEHP covers 170,000 members through self-funded arrangements and holds funds in trust for the benefit of covered individuals and groups. The claims risk is largely assumed by the participating employers. When claims are lower than expected, excess reserves are built, then used to benefit the participants. PEHP returned close to $100 million in reserves to participants over the decade ending in 2020.

PEHP provides a variety of health plans with traditional copays, coinsurance, Medicare Supplement, and consumer-driven plans using Health Savings Accounts and Health Reimbursement Accounts across multiple networks in Utah.

Utah Retirement Systems
Utah Retirement Systems administers pension plans and retirement savings plans for public employees in the U.S. state of Utah. There are eight separate defined-benefit pension plans administered by URS, as well as various retirement savings plans.  As of December 31, 2014, the URS was managing over $31 billion in its pension trust funds, for nearly 200,000 members. Besides the pension trust funds, the URS manages a 401(k), 457(b), a traditional IRA and Roth IRA with around $4.5 billion in assets combined at the end of 2014.
Dimeria
Dimeria is a genus of Asian, Australian, Madagascan, and Pacific Island plants in the grass family, mostly distributed in Peninsular India

The genus is characterised by its tough raceme rachis bearing strongly compressed single spikelets. It is believed that peninsular India, which has 42 taxa (including 7 infra-specific taxa) and 23 endemic species, is the centre of its distribution.

Species

formerly included

see Arthraxon, Nanooravia

Dimeria scrobiculata - Arthraxon hispidus

Dimeria santapaui - Nanooravia santapaui

Dimeria keralae - Nanooravia santapaui

Arthraxon hispidus
Arthraxon hispidus, is an annual grass commonly known as small carpetgrass, hairy jointgrass, joint-head grass, jointhead arthraxon, small carp grass, and creek grass. It is native to East Asia and Australia. It was accidentally introduced to the United States, Central America, and South America, where it is considered an invasive species.
Yingjie Guo (academic)
Yingjie Guo (born 1957) is an academic in Australia. He is a professor of Chinese Studies at the University of Sydney, and former chair of its Chinese Studies department. He has studied nationalism, class, and inequality in China. He has BA and MA degrees from Shanghai International Studies University, and a doctorate from the University of Tasmania.  He was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 2017.

Australian Academy of the Humanities
The Australian Academy of the Humanities was established by Royal Charter in 1969 to advance scholarship and public interest in the humanities in Australia. It operates as an independent not-for-profit organisation partly funded by the Australian Government.
Original 33
The "Original 33" were the first 33 African-American members of the Georgia General Assembly. They were elected to office in 1868, during the Reconstruction era. They were among the first African-American state legislators in the United States. Twenty-four of the members were ministers. Upon taking office, white Democrats, then a minority in the Assembly, conspired with enough white Republicans to expel the African-American legislators from the Assembly in September 1868. The next year, the Supreme Court of Georgia ruled that African Americans had the right to hold office in Georgia. The expelled legislators were reinstated and took office in January 1870.

The 33 are commemorated in the sculpture Expelled Because of Color on the grounds of the Georgia State Capitol.

Baldwin County, Georgia
Baldwin County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, its population was 43,799. The county seat is Milledgeville, which was developed along the Oconee River. Baldwin County is part of the Milledgeville micropolitan statistical area.
Meadow Branch Coalfield
The Meadow Branch Coalfield is a coalfield located in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia along the Berkeley and Morgan county lines.

It is the only anthracite coalfield in West Virginia, unlike the bituminous coal found in the rest of the state.  It has not seen any active mining in many decades.  However, as early as 1798 anthracite from Berkeley County and bituminous coal from Mineral County were the sources of coal supplying the government's Harpers Ferry Armory.  Berkeley County was also a source of coal during the American Civil War.  The last mining occurred in the early 20th century; the anthracite in this coalfield is difficult to mine and does not occur in the continuous seams more typical of e.g. the northeast Pennsylvania Coal Region, making it not cost effective to mine.

The area today comprises recreational areas including the Tuscarora Trail and Sleepy Creek Wildlife Management Area.  Abandoned mines can be found near the Tuscarora Trail.

Coal Region
The Coal Region is a region of Northeastern Pennsylvania. It is known for being home to the largest known deposits of anthracite coal in the world with an estimated reserve of seven billion short tons.

The region is typically defined as comprising five Pennsylvania counties, Carbon County, Lackawanna County, Luzerne County, Northumberland County, and Schuylkill County. It is home to 910,716 people as of the 2010 census.

The Coal Region is bordered by Berks, Lehigh, and Northampton Counties (including the Lehigh Valley) to its south; Columbia and Dauphin Counties to its west; Wyoming County to its north; and Monroe County, Pennsylvania to its east.
Contour integration
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, contour integration is a method of evaluating certain integrals along paths in the complex plane.

Contour integration is closely related to the calculus of residues, a method of complex analysis.

One use for contour integrals is the evaluation of integrals along the real line that are not readily found by using only real variable methods. It also has various applications in physics.

Contour integration methods include:

direct integration of a complex-valued function along a curve in the complex plane

application of the Cauchy integral formula

application of the residue theorem

One method can be used, or a combination of these methods, or various limiting processes, for the purpose of finding these integrals or sums.

Inverse Laplace transform
In mathematics, the inverse Laplace transform of a function  is a real function  that is  piecewise-continuous, exponentially-restricted (that is,   for some constants  and ⁠⁠) and  has the property:

where  denotes the Laplace transform.

It can be proven that, if a function  has the inverse Laplace transform ⁠⁠, then  is uniquely determined (considering functions which differ from each other only on a point set having Lebesgue measure zero as the same). This result was first proven by Mathias Lerch in 1903 and is known as Lerch's theorem.

The Laplace transform and the inverse Laplace transform together have a number of properties that make them useful for analysing linear dynamical systems.
Deh Kabud-e Chovari
Deh Kabud-e Chovari (Persian: ده كبودچواري, also Romanized as Deh Kabūd-e Chovārī; also known as Deh-i-Kabūd, Deh Kabūd, and Deh Qabūt) is a village in Nurali Rural District, in the Central District of Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 798, in 173 families.

Nurali Rural District
Nurali Rural District (Persian: دهستان نورعلي) is in the Central District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Firuzvand-e Vosta. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Azizabad-e Pain.
Ua Huka
Ua Huka is one of the Marquesas Islands, in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. It is situated in the northern group of the archipelago, approximately 40 km (25 mi) to the east of Nuku Hiva, at 8°54′S 139°33′W﻿ / ﻿8.900°S 139.550°W﻿ / -8.900; -139.550.

Nuku Hiva
Nuku Hiva (sometimes spelled Nukahiva or Nukuhiva) is the largest of the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas country of France in the Pacific Ocean.  It was formerly also known as Île Marchand and Madison Island.

Herman Melville wrote his book Typee based on his experiences in the Taipivai valley in the eastern part of Nuku Hiva. Robert Louis Stevenson's first landfall on his voyage on the Casco was at Hatihe'u, on the north side of the island, in 1888.
Namal Rajapaksa
Lakshman Namal Rajapaksa (Sinhala: ලක්ශ්මන් නාමල් රාජපක්ෂ, Tamil: நாமல் ராஜபக்ஷ; born 10 April 1986; known as Namal Rajapaksa) is a Sri Lankan lawyer and politician. He is the eldest son of former President and former Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa and a member of parliament. He was the Minister of Youth and Sports from 2020 to 2022.

Sri Lankan rupee
The Sri Lankan rupee (Sinhala: රුපියල්, Tamil: ரூபாய்; symbol: ₨ in English, රු in Sinhala, ௹ in Tamil; ISO code: LKR), known until 1972 as the Ceylon rupee, is the currency of Sri Lanka. It is subdivided into 100 cents (Sinhala: සත, Tamil: சதம்), but cents are rarely seen in circulation due to their low value. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. The abbreviation Re (singular) and Rs (plural) is generally used, the World Bank suggests SL Rs as a fully disambiguating abbreviation for distinction from other currencies named "rupee".
Saskatchewan Highway 229
Highway 229 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan's 200-series highways primarily service its recreational areas. It runs from Highway 47 to Good Spirit Lake Provincial Park and to Highway 9 and is about 23 kilometres (14 mi) long.

Saskatchewan Highway 47
Highway 47 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The highway runs from North Dakota Highway 40 at the Canada–United States border until Highway 49 near Preeceville. It is about 358 kilometres (222 mi) long — 64 kilometres (40 mi) of which is unpaved from the Moose Mountain Creek crossing north until the intersection with Highway 1.
Holzbach
Holzbach (German pronunciation: [ˈhɔltsbax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
Gibbs Mountain (Massachusetts)
42°19′53″N 71°28′56″W﻿ / ﻿42.33139°N 71.48222°W﻿ / 42.33139; -71.48222

Gibbs Mountain is a small peak located in Framingham, Massachusetts, with an elevation of 512 feet (156 meters). It is located near Framingham's border with Marlborough. The peak was named after a local homesteader, Micah Gibbs. The summit is located in Callahan State Park and is traversed by the Red Tail Trail and Bay Circuit Trail, as well as the 3.7-mile (6.0 km) Gibbs Mountain Loop Trail. The summit is marked by a small pile of rocks in a small clearing.

Framingham, Massachusetts
Framingham (/ˈfreɪmɪŋhæm/ ⓘ) is a city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,  United States. Incorporated in 1700, it is located in Middlesex County and the MetroWest subregion of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The city proper covers 25 square miles (65 km2) with a population of 72,362 in 2020, making it the 14th most populous municipality in Massachusetts. Residents voted in favor of adopting a charter to transition from a representative town meeting system to a mayor–council government in April 2017, and the municipality transitioned to city status on January 1, 2018. Before it transitioned, it had been the largest town by population in Massachusetts.

The city has one of the largest Brazilian American populations in the United States, with a considerable Brazilian presence since the 1980s.
2015–16 SS Lazio season
The 2015–16 season was Società Sportiva Lazio's 116th since their founding and the club's 28th consecutive season in the top-flight of Italian football. The club competed in Serie A, the Coppa Italia, the UEFA Champions League, and the UEFA Europa League. Having finished 3rd the previous season, Lazio began in the play-off round but failed to qualify after a 3–1 loss on aggregate against Bayer Leverkusen.

2015–16 Serie A
The 2015–16 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 114th season of top-tier Italian football, the 84th in a round-robin tournament, and the 6th since its organization under a league committee separate from Serie B. Juventus were the defending champions. The campaign began on 22 August 2015 and ended on 15 May 2016.

On 25 April 2016, Juventus succeeded in defending their title for the fifth consecutive season, after second placed Napoli lost to Roma, giving Juventus a 12-point lead with only three games left.