hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Autograph book
An autograph book (also known as an autograph album, a memory album or friendship album) is a book for collecting the autographs of others. Traditionally they were exchanged among friends, colleagues, and classmates to fill with poems, drawings, personal messages, small pieces of verse, and other mementos.  Their modern derivations include yearbooks, friendship books, and guest books.  They were popular among university students from the 15th century until the mid-19th century, after which their popularity began to wane as they were gradually replaced by yearbooks.

Autograph
An autograph is a person's own handwriting or signature. The word autograph comes from Ancient Greek (αὐτός, autós, "self" and γράφω, gráphō, "write"), and can mean more specifically:

a manuscript written by the author of its content. In this meaning the term autograph can often be used interchangeably with holograph.

a celebrity's handwritten signature. Autograph collecting is the activity of collecting such autographs.
2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota took place in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 4, 2014, to elect Minnesota's eight representatives in the United States House of Representatives for two-year terms, one from each of Minnesota's eight congressional districts. Primary elections were held on August 12, 2014.

In these elections, Minnesotans elected their oldest U.S. House delegation across the 80 cycles since statehood, at an average age of 58.8 years: Rick Nolan (age 70), Collin Peterson (70), John Kline (67), Betty McCollum (60), Keith Ellison (51), Tom Emmer (53), Tim Walz (50) and Erik Paulsen (49).

Sartell, Minnesota
Sartell is a city in Benton and Stearns Counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota that straddles the Mississippi River. It is part of the St. Cloud metropolitan area. The population was 19,351 at the 2020 census, making it St. Cloud's most populous suburb and the fourth-largest city in central Minnesota, after St. Cloud, Elk River, and Willmar.
Otiria railway station
Otiria railway station was a station on the North Auckland line in New Zealand, at its junction with the Ōkaihau and Opua Branches, at Otiria. It is now KiwiRail's most northerly station, though mothballed since 2016.

Opua Branch
The Opua Branch or Otiria-Opua Industrial Line, partially still operational as the Bay of Islands Vintage Railway, is a former section of the North Auckland Line in the Northland Region of New Zealand, between Otiria and the Bay of Islands township of Opua.  The first section was constructed as a bush tramway in 1867 and converted to a railway in the next decade.  Today the railway is partially used by the Bay of Islands Vintage Railway, which runs tourist services between Kawakawa and Te Akeake. The line's centrepiece is the section where it runs down along the main street of Kawakawa.
Arthur Edward Flynn Fawcus
Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Edward Flynn Fawcus DSO MC TD (19 October 1886 – 10 August 1936), was awarded the Military Cross for leading a night attack at Cape Helles in August 1915 at the beginning of the Gallipoli Campaign, awarded the Croix de Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur for his bombing work in the Gallipoli Campaign, awarded the DSO for his Command of a Battalion of the 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment toward the end of World War I and was afterwards Commander of the 1/5th Sherwood Foresters.

Manchester Regiment
The Manchester Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1958. The regiment was created during the 1881 Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 63rd (West Suffolk) Regiment of Foot and the 96th Regiment of Foot as the 1st and 2nd battalions; the 6th Royal Lancashire Militia became the 3rd (Reserve) and 4th (Extra Reserve) battalions and the Volunteer battalions became the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th battalions.

After distinguished service in both the First and the Second World Wars, the Manchester Regiment was amalgamated with the King's Regiment (Liverpool) in 1958, to form the King's Regiment (Manchester and Liverpool), which was, in 2006, amalgamated with the King's Own Royal Border Regiment and the Queen's Lancashire Regiment to form the present Duke of Lancaster's Regiment (King's, Lancashire and Border).
Scouting and Guiding in Australia
The Scout and Guide movement in Australia consists of:

Scouts Australia (The Scout Association of Australia), a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

Girl Guides Australia, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Baden-Powell Scouts in Australia, member of the World Federation of Independent Scouts

Independent Australian Scouts, formerly called "Scouts of Australia", linked to the Order of World Scouts.

National Scout and Guide Fellowship, NSGF(A), formerly known as the Australian Fellowship of Former Scouts and Guides, which includes Trefoil Guild of Australia, Baden-Powell Guild of Australia, St. George's Guild of Australia, member of International Scout and Guide Fellowship

British Boy Scouts and British Girl Scouts Association
The British Boy Scouts and British Girl Scouts Association (BBS & BGS Association; also known as The Brotherhood of British Scouts) is an early scouting organisation, having begun as the Battersea Boy Scouts in 1908. The organisation was renamed as the British Boy Scouts and launched as a national organisation on 24 May 1909. In association with other Scout organisations, the BBS formed the National Peace Scouts in 1910. The BBS instigated the first international Scouting organisation, the Order of World Scouts in 1911.
Ologun Kutere
Ologun Kutere reigned as Oba of Lagos from around the 1780s to around 1803. He succeeded Oba Eletu Kekere who reigned between 1775 and 1780. "Ologun" is the Yoruba word for "War General".

Ologun Kutere was the product of the marriage between Erelu Kuti, daughter of Oba Ado, and Alaagba (short form of 'Alagbigba'), an Ijesha traditional adviser to Oba Akinsemoyin. He was the first successor to the throne through a matrilineal line, and the  Yoruba line to the throne.

Ado (Lagos Oba)
Oba Ado (original Bini name was Edo) who reigned from 1630-1669 was the second Oba of Lagos. He was son of Ashipa an Awori-Isheri Chieftain appointed as the first ruler of Eko by the Oba of Benin and a Daughter of the Oba of Benin.  Ado's son, Gabaro was the third Oba of Lagos.
Adelopsyche
Adelopsyche is an extinct genus of moths in the family Psychidae. The single species, Adelopsyche frustans, was found in the Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument in Colorado, United States. The fossil is dated to the Late Eocene.

Florissant Formation
The Florissant Formation is a sedimentary geologic formation outcropping around Florissant, Teller County, Colorado. The formation is noted for the abundant and exceptionally preserved insect and plant fossils that are found in the mudstones and shales. Based on argon radiometric dating, the formation is Eocene (approximately 34 million years old ) in age and has been interpreted as a lake environment. The fossils have been preserved because of the interaction of the volcanic ash from the nearby Thirtynine Mile volcanic field with diatoms in the lake, causing a diatom bloom. As the diatoms fell to the bottom of the lake, any plants or animals that had recently died were preserved by the diatom falls. Fine layers of clays and muds interspersed with layers of ash form "paper shales" holding beautifully-preserved fossils. The Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument is a national monument established to preserve and study the geology and history of the area.
Llandeilo'r-Fan
Llandeilo'r-Fan is a small village located in Powys, Wales. It is located between Llandovery and Brecon. It is very rural and is located in a hilly area of Mid Wales. The village has a church, community hall and a few houses. The nearest shop and pub are in Sennybridge.

Llandeilo'r-Fan is the end of the public road up from the Usk valley, which continues into the Sennybridge Training Area (SENTA) above the village. There is a cattle grid and a red flag flying, which prohibits public access along the road over the Epynt mountain to Dixies Corner. However, access is allowed to the Epynt Way sections 6 and 7 (walking/cycling/horse-riding), which end just beyond the military range boundary. There is a horse corral which is also suitable for car parking here, named as "Epynt Way Section 7" on Google maps.

Sennybridge
Sennybridge (Welsh: Pontsenni) is a village in Powys, Wales, in the historic county of Brecknockshire, situated some 42 miles (68 km) from Cardiff and 31 miles (50 km) from Swansea. It lies 9 miles (14 km) west of Brecon on the A40 trunk road to Llandovery, at the point where the Afon Senni flows into the Usk.  It is in the community of Maescar.
African Governance Architecture
The African Governance Architecture (AGA) is a mechanism for dialogue between stakeholders that are mandated to promote good governance and bolster democracy in Africa. In the book entitled The African Union Law (Ed. Berger Levrault, 2014, p. 29) Blaise Tchikaya established the link between conceptual platform called AGA and the modernisation of International Law applicable to African states. The AGA is fundamentally one aspect – probably the most significant – of recent international law of governance. Furthermore, it is a key actor in promoting the domestication and implementation of the objectives outlined in the legal and policy pronouncements in the African Union (AU) Shared Values. Established in 2011 AGA is based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the AU Headquarters with the AGA Platform Members based Africa wide. In February 2016 the rules of Procedure on how the AGA legally functions were adopted by Member States during the African Union Summit.

African Union Commission
The  African Union Commission (AUC) acts as the executive/administrative branch or secretariat of the African Union. It is headed by a chairperson and consists of a number of Commissioners dealing with different areas of policy.

The African Union Headquarters are in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It should be distinguished from the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, (based in Banjul, Gambia), which is a separate body that reports to the African Union.
2025 Speedway of Nations
The 2025 Speedway of Nations was the seventh edition of the Speedway of Nations, and 33rd edition of a pairs competition for national teams in motorcycle speedway.

The competition consisted of three events, which took place at the MotoArena Toruń in Toruń, Poland, between 30 September and 4 October 2025. The under-21 Speedway of Nations 2 took place at the same venue on 3 October.

Great Britain were the defending champions having won in 2024.

Australia won the title, beating hosts Poland in the Grand Final, with Brady Kurtz and Jack Holder getting the better of Bartosz Zmarzlik and Patryk Dudek. Denmark took bronze. It was Australia's second Speedway of Nations title after winning the 2022 edition.

The next Speedway of Nations will take place in 2027, as the competition will be replaced with the return of the Speedway World Cup in 2026.

2022 Speedway of Nations
The 2022 Speedway of Nations was the fifth FIM Speedway of Nations. The competition consisted of two semi-finals and a final. Great Britain were the defending champions having won the 2021 competition.

Both the semi-finals and final were held at Vojens Speedway Center in Denmark, after the initial host Esbjerg was unable to fulfill the contract. Denmark were automatically seeded into the final as hosts.

The first semi-final was won by Australia, with Finland securing the second automatic qualifying spot. Poland won a run-off with Germany to secure the last spot. The second semi-final was won by Sweden, ahead of Czech Republic. Great Britain beat France in a run-off to complete the final line-up.

Australia won the competition after beating Great Britain in the final. Great Britain had top scored during the regular heats, but Jack Holder and Max Fricke beat Dan Bewley and Robert Lambert in the Grand Final to take the title for the first time. Sweden claimed the bronze medal.
Gmina Mstów
Gmina Mstów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Mstów, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Częstochowa and 68 km (42 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 119.84 square kilometres (46.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 10,833.

Częstochowa County
Częstochowa County (Polish: powiat częstochowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Częstochowa, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The towns in Częstochowa County are Blachownia, Koniecpol, Przyrów and Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 1,519.49 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 134,637, out of which the population of Blachownia is 9,545, that of Koniecpol is 5,910, and the rural population is 119,182.
Joyce Hamilton Berry
Joyce Hamilton Berry (born 1937), is an American clinical psychologist with her own practice in the Washington D.C. area. She grew up during the time of segregation, attended graduate school during the height of the Civil Rights Movement, and became the first female African-American to earn a Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky in 1970. She was married to David Berry, also from Kentucky.

She has been a regular contributor to many magazines such as Ebony, Essence, and Cover Girl.  Berry has also appeared on The Geraldo Rivera Show to give advice and counsel.

Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky)
Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (also known as Dunbar High School, PLD, or PLDHS) is a public high school located at 1600 Man o' War Boulevard on the southwest side of Lexington, Kentucky, United States. The school is one of six high schools in the Fayette County Public Schools district.

The school was opened in 1990. With an enrollment of over 2100 students (in 2008–2009), it is one of the largest public high schools in Kentucky, and houses the Math, Science, and Technology Center program.
Tauhoa
Tauhoa is a rural community in the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island.

State Highway 16 runs through the area, connecting to Wellsford 15 km to the north-east and Glorit 12 km to the south. Te Pahi Stream flows through the area and into the Tauhoa River, which drains into the southern Kaipara Harbour to the west.

Kaipara Harbour
Kaipara Harbour is a large enclosed harbour estuary complex on the north western side of the North Island of New Zealand. The northern part of the harbour is administered by the Kaipara District and the southern part is administered by the Auckland Council. The local Māori tribe is Ngāti Whātua.

By area, the Kaipara Harbour is one of the largest harbours in the world. It covers 947 square kilometres (366 sq mi) at high tide, with 409 square kilometres (158 sq mi) exposed as mudflats and sandflats at low tide.

According to Māori tradition, the name Kaipara had its origins back in the 15th century when the Arawa chief, Kahumatamomoe, travelled to the Kaipara to visit his nephew at Pouto. At a feast, he was so impressed with the cooked root of the para fern, that he gave the name Kai-para to the district. Kaipara comes from the Māori kai meaning "food", and  para meaning "king fern".
Price Rite
Price Rite is a chain of supermarkets found in Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. Based in Keasbey, New Jersey, Price Rite is owned by New Jersey–based Wakefern Food Corporation, the cooperative behind ShopRite Supermarkets, Dearborn Market, and The Fresh Grocer. Prior to 2014, Wakefern owned and operated all Price Rite stores.

As of 2025, there are 53 Price Rite stores currently operating; Wakefern itself corporately-owns and operates 51 stores outside of New Jersey, while the 2 stores in New Jersey are owned and operated by individual Wakefern members.

Save A Lot
Save A Lot Food Stores Ltd. is an American discount supermarket chain store headquartered in St. Ann, Missouri, in Greater St. Louis. It has about 720 independently owned and operated stores across 32 states in the United States with over $2.6 billion in annual sales.

Stores carry most grocery products, with an assortment of fresh, canned and frozen produce, meat, meal products, household items and everyday groceries. Save A Lot grocery stores sell national brands and private label brands at a discounted price. A typical Save A Lot grocery store is 15,000 square feet (1,400 m2) with items displayed in their cardboard shipping boxes.
Swedish railway signalling
The signalling system used on the standard-gauge railway network in Sweden is based on that of the traditional mechanical semaphore signals. Currently only colour-light signals are used, together with the Ansaldo L10000 Automatic Train Control system.

European Rail Traffic Management System
The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is the system of standards for management and interoperation of signalling for railways by the European Union (EU). It is conducted by the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) and is the organisational umbrella for the separately managed parts of

GSM–R (communication),

European Train Control System (ETCS, signalling),

The main target of ERTMS is to promote the interoperability of trains in the EU. It aims to greatly enhance safety, increase efficiency of train transports and enhance cross-border interoperability of rail transport in Europe. This is done by replacing former national signalling equipment and operational procedures with a single new Europe-wide standard for train control and command systems.
Railway accidents in New South Wales
The railways of New South Wales, Australia have had many incidents and accidents since their formation in 1831. There are close to 1000 names associated with rail-related deaths in NSW on the walls of the Australian Railway Monument in Werris Creek. Those killed were all employees of various NSW railways. The details below include deaths of employees and the general public.

Wrong-side failure
A wrong-side failure describes a failure condition in a piece of railway signalling equipment that results in an unsafe state. 
A typical example would be a signal showing a 'proceed' aspect (e.g. green) when it should be showing a 'stop' or 'danger' aspect, resulting in a "false clear". (The converse is a right-side failure, where even with any reduction the resulting state is safe overall.)
Odeh Al-Fakhouri
Odeh Burhan Shehadeh Fakhoury (Arabic: عودة برهان شحادة الفاخوري; born 22 November 2005) is a Jordanian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Egyptian Premier League club Pyramids and the Jordan national team.

2025 FIFA Arab Cup
The 2025 FIFA Arab Cup (Arabic: كأس العرب 2025) was the 11th edition of the Arab Cup, the Arab world's national team football tournament. It was the second edition under FIFA's jurisdiction, with previous editions having been organised by the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA). The tournament took place in Qatar from 1 to 18 December 2025. This was the third time that Qatar hosted the competition, following the 1998 and 2021 editions.

In the final, Morocco played Jordan on 18 December at the Lusail Stadium in Lusail. Morocco won the match 3–2 after extra time to claim their second Arab Cup.
Jeffrey H. Winicour
Jeffrey H. Winicour is an American physicist and professor at the University of Pittsburgh, who specialized in the theory of relativity.  Winicour's 1964 PhD dissertation was an "investigation of the gravitational coupling of radiation fields in the framework of the general theory of relativity." Winicour was the advisor to Luis Lehner, who received the 1999 Nicholas Metropolis Award from the American Physical Society. The award credited Lehner and Winicour, as advisor, for "developing a method that significantly advances the capability for modeling gravitational radiation by making possible the stable numerical solution of Einstein's equation near moving black holes."

Physical Review
Physical Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal was established in 1893 by Edward Nichols. It publishes original research as well as scientific and literature reviews on all aspects of physics. It is published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal is in its third series, and is split in several sub-journals each covering a particular field of physics. It has a sister journal, Physical Review Letters, which publishes shorter articles of broader interest.
Pärnu Museum
The Pärnu Museum (Estonian: Pärnu muuseum) is a county museum in Pärnu, Estonia.

The museum was found by Pernauer Alterthumforschende Gesellschaft ('Society of Archaeology'; established in 1896). On that time, the museum's goals were to study, present and preserve local history. In 1909, the museum was moved to the building at the address Elevandi Street (Now named Akadeemia street) 7.

In September 1944, the building burned down. The collections were severely damaged. In 1944, the museum moved to the building at the address Aia Street 4.

Nowadays, the museum is located at Aida Street 3.

The Pärnu Museum has a branch (the Lydia Koidula Memorial Museum), which is located at Jannseni Street 37. This branch is dedicated to Estonian poet Lydia Koidula.

Pärnu
Pärnu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈpærˑnu]) is a city in southwest Estonia. Pärnu is located 128 kilometres (80 mi) south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and 176 kilometres (109 mi) west of Estonia's second-largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga.

Pärnu is a popular summer holiday resort town among Estonians with many hotels, restaurants and large beaches.  The city is served by Pärnu Airport.
John Wilkinson Taylor (educator)
John Wilkinson Taylor (September 26, 1906 – December 11, 2001) was an American educator. He was President of the University of Louisville from 1947 to 1950.  He served as the acting director general of UNESCO between 1952 and 1953, following the resignation of Jaime Torres Bodet. He died on 11 December 2001 at the age of 95.

Jaime Torres Bodet
Jaime Mario Emilio Torres Bodet (17 April 1902 – 13 May 1974) was a prominent Mexican politician and writer who served in the executive cabinet of three Presidents of Mexico. He was the second Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), serving from 1948 until his resignation in 1952.
Mikie Dwyer
Michael Dwyer (born 1997) is an Irish hurler who plays for Wexford Championship club Fethard St Mogue's and at inter-county level with the Wexford senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a forward.

2017–18 All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship
The 2017–18 All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship is the 15th staging of the All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's junior inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship began on 1 October 2017 and ended on 4 February 2018.

The All-Ireland final was played on 4 February 2018 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Ardmore from Waterford and Fethard St. Mogue's from Wexford, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ardmore won the match by 3-11 to 0-18 to claim their first ever championship title. This was their first All-Ireland title in the grade.

Fethard's Mark Wallace was the championship's top scorer with 0-59.