hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spotted rail
The spotted rail (Pardirallus maculatus) is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America.

Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lysjɛ̃ ʒyl lɔʁɑ̃ bɔnapaʁt]; 24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon. Lucien and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal Lucien Bonaparte.
Saint-Baldoph
Saint-Baldoph (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ baldɔf]; Savoyard: Sè Bardo) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. It is part of the urban area of Chambéry.

Chambéry
Chambéry (UK: /ˈʃɒ̃bəri/, US: /ˌʃɒ̃beɪˈriː/, French: [ʃɑ̃beʁi]; Arpitan: Chambèri; Italian: Ciamberì) is the prefecture and largest city of the Savoie department in the southeastern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.

The population of the commune of Chambéry was 60,251 as of 2022, while the population of the Chambéry metropolitan area was 263,919. The city is located at the foot of the French Alps between Bauges and Chartreuse mountains, and is a railway and highway crossroads.

It has been the historical capital of the Savoy region since the 13th century, when Amadeus V, Count of Savoy, made the city his seat of power. The annexation of Savoy merged the city to France in 1860. Together with other alpine towns Chambéry engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Chambéry was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2006.
Always-on DRM
Always-on DRM or always-online DRM is a form of digital rights management (DRM) that requires a consumer to remain connected to a server, especially through an internet connection, to use a particular product. The practice is also referred to as persistent online authentication. The technique is meant to prevent copyright infringement of software. Like other DRM methods, always-on DRM has proven controversial, mainly because it has failed to stop pirates from illegally using the product, while causing severe inconvenience to people who bought the product legally due to the single point of failure it inherently introduces.

Maxis
Maxis is an American video game developer and a division of Electronic Arts (EA). The studio was founded in 1987 by Will Wright and Jeff Braun, and acquired by Electronic Arts in 1997. Maxis is best known for its simulation games, including The Sims, Spore and SimCity.
Preceptor STOL King
The Preceptor STOL King is an American STOL amateur-built aircraft that was designed and produced by Preceptor Aircraft, of Rutherfordton, North Carolina. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as plans or as a kit for amateur construction.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Bolton analysis
Bolton Analysis is a tooth analysis developed by Wayne A. Bolton to determine the discrepancy between size of maxillary and mandibular teeth. This analysis helps to determine the optimum interarch relationship. This analysis measures the Mesio-distal width of each tooth and is divided into two analyses.

Calipers
Calipers or callipers are an instrument used to measure the linear dimensions of an object or hole; namely, the length, width, thickness, diameter or depth of an object or hole. The word caliper comes from a corrupt form of caliber.

Many types of calipers permit reading out a measurement on a ruled scale, a dial, or an electronic digital display. A common association is to calipers using a sliding vernier scale.

Some calipers can be as simple as a compass with inward or outward-facing points, but with no scale (measurement indication). The tips of the caliper are adjusted to fit across the points to be measured, and then kept at that span while moved to separate measuring device, such as a ruler, or simply transferred directly to a workpiece.

Calipers are used in many fields such as mechanical engineering, metalworking, forestry, woodworking, science and medicine.
Yassıca Island
Yassıca Island (Turkish: Yassıca Ada, literally, "flat island") is an island in the Gulf of İzmir, Turkey. Sometimes the island is also called Alman Adası ("German's Island").

The island is a part of the Urla ilçe (district) of İzmir Province. Its distance to the nearest point on the mainland (Karaburun Peninsula of Anatolia) is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) and to Pırnarlı Island is 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). Its surface area is 0.25 square kilometres (0.097 sq mi).

The island is uninhabited, but the İzmir municipality has established a quay, a 400-meter beach and a restaurant in the southern part of the island. İzdeniz (İzmir municipality’s transportation company) operates regular ferry services from Konak and Karşıyaka terminals to the island. The voyage time to Yassıca Island from the mainland is about 1.5 hours.

Karşıyaka Ferry Terminal
Karşıyaka Ferry Terminal (Turkish: Karşıyaka İskelesi) is ferry terminal in Karşıyaka, İzmir on the Gulf of İzmir. Located along Cemal Gürsel Avenue, at the southern end of the Karşıyaka Çarşı, İzdeniz operates commuter ferry to service to Alsancak, Konak, Göztepe and Üçkuyular.

Karşıyaka Terminal was originally built in 1884, and promoted the growth of Karşıyaka's population. The existing terminal building was built in the 1940s-1950s.
Spanish Society of Vexillology
The Sociedad Española de Vexilología (SEV or Spanish Society of Vexillology) is a Spain-based non-profit institution devoted to the study of flags.

The institution has signed agreements with various institutions, such as the Provincial Council of Burgos  and the Provincial Council of Guadelajara . It regularly collaborates with events organized by entities such as the Institución Fernando el Católico , the University of Zaragoza and the Institute of Military History and Culture  .
The institution also gives free advice to any entities interested in making a flag.

International Federation of Vexillological Associations
The International Federation of Vexillological Associations (French: Fédération internationale des associations vexillologiques; FIAV) is an international federation of 53 regional, national, and multinational associations and institutions across the globe that study vexillology, which FIAV defines in its constitution as "the creation and development of a body of knowledge about flags of all types, their forms and functions, and of scientific theories and principles based on that knowledge."
Noah Memorial Voyage in Kokugikan
Noah 25th Anniversary Memorial Voyage in Kokugikan was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah and took place on May 3, 2025, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Ryogoku Kokugikan. Broadcasting was made on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe.

CyberFight
CyberFight Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社CyberFight, Hepburn: Kabushiki gaisha Saibāfaito), operating simply as CyberFight (CF), is a Japanese professional wrestling parent company based in Tokyo. It is a subsidiary of the CyberAgent digital advertising company. CyberFight serves as an umbrella brand for three promotions: Pro Wrestling Noah, DDT Pro-Wrestling and Tokyo Joshi Pro Wrestling.
Verdi-Mogul, Nevada
Verdi-Mogul is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. For the 2010 census it was split into two separate CDPs, Verdi and Mogul. The communities lie on the western side of the Reno–Sparks Metropolitan Statistical Area, just off Interstate 80. The population of the combined CDP was 2,949 at the 2000 census.

Washoe County, Nevada
Washoe County (/ˈwɒʃoʊ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County is included in the Reno, NV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Washoe County landing ship tank was named after this county.
John Walker (archdeacon of Dorset)
John Walker (b Litton 13 February 1694 – d Bristol 15 November 1780) was Archdeacon of Dorset from 1762 until his death.

Walker was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, where he  graduated B.A. in 1715. , He held livings at Clevedon and Easton in Gordano. He was a Prebendary of Wells Cathedral.

Archdeacon of Dorset
The Archdeacon of Dorset is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Salisbury, England. The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the four area deaneries: Purbeck, Poole, Wimborne, and Milton & Blandford.
India–China border infrastructure
Border infrastructure along the Sino-Indian border, which has several border areas disputed by both India and China, encompasses irrigation, roads, railways, airports, natural gas and oil pipelines, electricity grids, telecommunications, and broadcasting. In the context of the border tensions between India and China, many of these infrastructure projects in the borderlands are considered strategic in nature. Commentators have noted the infrastructure gap that existed, and still exists, between the infrastructure on the borderlands of India and China. For many decades, the approach taken to the construction of border infrastructure by China and India was significantly different, however, in terms of utilizing the natural resources of the borderlands for the needs of the country, both countries are said to have a similar approach.

Western Theater Command
The Western Theater Command (Chinese: 西部战区; pinyin: Xībù zhànqū) is one of the five theater commands of the People's Liberation Army. It was founded on 1 February 2016. Its jurisdiction includes Sichuan, Tibet, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang,  Shaanxi, Yunnan, Chongqing. Guizhou is also sometimes listed as part of the command.
Alan S. Rau
Alan S. Rau is an American lawyer, previously the Mark G. and Judy G. Yudof Chair in Law at University of Texas School of Law, and also previously a Distinguished Professor at Queen Mary University of London and the Fred Paulus Chair in Public Policy and at Willamette University College.

Mark Yudof
Mark George Yudof (born October 30, 1944) is an American law professor. He served as the 19th president of the University of California from 2008 to 2013, as the 9th chancellor of the University of Texas system from 2002 to 2008, and as the 14th president of the University of Minnesota from 1997 to 2002.

Yudof was a faculty member at the University of Texas at Austin for 26 years, serving as dean of the University of Texas School of Law from 1984 to 1994 and as the university's executive vice president and provost from 1994 to 1997.
Labidostomma aethiopica
Labidostomma aethiopica is a species of mite belonging to the family Labidostommatidae. This three-eyed oval mite is fairly large for the family but is still less than 1 mm in length. The body is marked with a reticulated pattern, although this becomes faint towards the back. All the legs are shorter than the body. This species has been recorded from grass and soil in the vicinity of Bathurst, South Africa.

Labidostommatidae
Labidostommatidae is a family of acariform mites. These egg-shaped free-living predators have the body completely covered with sclerotized plates, often with a reticulated pattern, two or three eyes and two claws on each tarsus.
Nilukshi Fernando
Nilukshi Fernando (born April 19, 1984) is a Sri Lankan actress. She made her debut as a teenager in Vasanthi Chathurani's Sadgunakaraya in 2007. She was crowned most upcoming actress for her performance in this teledrama, at the Rajya Sammana Ulela that year. Her most acclaimed role in the small screen was that of 'Sandesi' in 'Sanda' opposite Pathum Rukshan in 2013. She was crowned Raigam Best Actress Award for her performance in this teledrama, at the 10th Raigam Tele Award Festival that year.

Vasanthi Chathurani
Vasantha Doreen Peterson (born 18 October 1959: Sinhala: වසන්ති චතුරානි), popularly as Vasanthi Chathurani, is an actress in Sri Lankan cinema and television. An extremely natural actress, Vasanthi Chathurani is one of the most successful personalities on Sri Lanka's silver and small screen. At the age 16, she made her debut as a teenager in Sumitra Peiris's Gehenu Lamai.
Ministry of Communications (Sweden)
The Ministry of Communications (Transport) (Swedish: Kommunikationsdepartementet) was a ministry in Sweden, established in 1920 in connection with the division of the Ministry for Civil Service Affairs. The department dealt with administrative matters concerning, among other things, railways and tramways, post telegraph and telephone, canals, roads, bridges, ferries, air traffic, geotechnical, meteorological and hydrological surveys, radio broadcasting and electrical installations. The ministry was headed by the minister of communications (transport). In 1999, the ministry was replaced by the Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation.

Vattenfall
Vattenfall is a Swedish multinational power company owned by the Swedish state. Beyond Sweden, the company generates power in Denmark, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

The company's name is Swedish for "waterfall", and is an abbreviation of its original name, Royal Waterfall Board (Kungliga Vattenfallsstyrelsen).
Grammy Award for Best Country Song
The Grammy Award for Best Country Song (sometimes known as the Country Songwriter's Award) has been awarded since 1965.  The award is given to the songwriter(s) of the song, not to the artist, unless the artist is also the songwriter.

There have been several minor changes to the name of the award:

From 1965 to 1968, it was known as "Best Country & Western Song"

From 1969 to 1983, it was awarded as "Best Country Song"

In 1984, it was awarded as "Best New Country Song "

From 1985 to the present, it has again been awarded as "Best Country Song"

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for music released in the previous year. Lori McKenna, Josh Kear, Chris Stapleton, and current winner Kacey Musgraves hold the record of most wins in the category with three wins each.

Dan + Shay
Dan + Shay is an American country duo composed of vocalists and songwriters Dan Smyers and Shay Mooney. They are signed to Warner Records Nashville and have released six albums, Where It All Began, Obsessed, Dan + Shay, Good Things, Bigger Houses and It's Officially Christmas: The Double Album. Of their nine singles, five have topped the Country Airplay chart and three have topped the Hot Country Songs chart. The duo have collaborated with Justin Bieber, Charlie Puth, Rascal Flatts, Lindsey Stirling, RaeLynn, and Kelly Clarkson. From 2019 to 2021, the duo won three consecutive Grammy Awards for Best Country Duo/Group Performance for the songs "Tequila", "Speechless", and "10,000 Hours" (with Justin Bieber).
Kivimäki cabinet
Toivo Kivimäki's cabinet was the 20th government of the Republic of Finland. Cabinet's time period was from December 14, 1932 to October 10, 1936. It was Minority government. Many of the neutral ministers were members of the National Coalition Party without formal support of the party. Cabinet fell in 1936 by the interpellation of the opposition after its bill to reinstate the capital punishment had failed to pass. Kivimäki's cabinet was the longest government in Finland until 1987  Kalevi Sorsa's fourth cabinet.

Sorsa IV cabinet
Sorsa's fourth cabinet was the 63rd government of Finland, which existed for 1 456 days, from 6 May 1983 to 30 April 1987. The government’s Prime Minister was Kalevi Sorsa. It was a majority government based on the ”red-soil government” model (Finnish: punamultahallitus), as it was a coalition formed by the Social Democrats, the Centre Party, the Swedish People’s Party, and the Rural Party.
Borstal Boy
Borstal Boy is a 1958 autobiographical book by Brendan Behan. The story depicts a young, fervently idealistic Behan, who loses his naïveté over the three years of his sentence to a juvenile borstal, softening his radical Irish republican stance and warming to his British fellow prisoners.   From a technical standpoint, the novel is chiefly notable for the art with which it captures the lively dialogue of the Borstal inmates, with a variety of the many subtly distinctive accents of Britain and Ireland intact on the page. Ultimately, Behan demonstrated by his skillful dialogue that working class Irish Catholics and English Protestants actually had more in common with one another through class than they had supposed, and that alleged barriers of religion and ethnicity were merely superficial and imposed by a fearful middle class.

The book was banned in Ireland for unspecified reasons in 1958; the ban expired in 1970.

The book was reissued by David R. Godine in 2000.

Book censorship in the Republic of Ireland
Book censorship was carried out in several instances in Ireland between 1929 and 1998, with all remaining bans from that period having expired by 2010. However, the laws remained on the statute books and a book was banned again in 2016. Censorship was enacted by a 1929 act of the Irish Free State.
2014 Dow Corning Tennis Classic
The 2014 Dow Corning Tennis Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 20th edition of the tournament and part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $100,000 in prize money. It took place in Midland, Michigan, United States, on February 10–16, 2014.

2014 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2014 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
2019 Southeast Asian haze
A large air pollution crisis affected several countries in Southeast Asia from February to September 2019, including Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Thailand began to experience a haze in February that lasted until May, peaking in March and April. Indonesia began to experience haze between June and July. Malaysia was affected from August, while Singapore, Brunei, and Vietnam experienced haze in September.

It was the latest occurrence of the Southeast Asian haze, a long-term issue that occurs in varying intensity during every dry season in the region. It was mainly caused by forest fires resulting from illegal slash-and-burn clearing performed on behalf of the palm oil industry in Indonesia, principally on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo, which then spread quickly in the dry season.

Dry season
The dry season is a yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics. The weather in the tropics is dominated by the tropical rain belt, which moves from the northern to the southern tropics and back over the course of the year. The temperate counterpart to the tropical dry season is summer or winter.
2013 Tour of Qatar
The 2013 Tour of Qatar was the twelfth edition of the Tour of Qatar cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.HC event on the UCI Asia Tour, and was held between 3 and 8 February 2013, in Qatar.

The race was won by Britain's Mark Cavendish, of the Omega Pharma–Quick-Step team, winning the final four stages to take the victory. Cavendish's winning margin over runner-up Brent Bookwalter (BMC Racing Team) – the winners of the team time trial stage – was 25 seconds, and Brookwalter's teammate Taylor Phinney completed the podium, one second behind Brookwalter and 26 seconds down on Cavendish. In the race's other classifications, Cavendish also won the points classification, Phinney won the white jersey for the youth classification, by placing third overall in the general classification, and BMC Racing Team finished at the head of the teams classification.

Tour of Qatar
The Tour of Qatar was an annual professional cycling stage race held in Qatar. First organized in 2002, the event was part of the UCI Asia Tour until 2016. The 2017 edition was to have seen the event upgraded to the UCI World Tour for the first time, but it was cancelled due to lack of sponsorship support.

The event consisted of a men's competition over five stages, and, since 2009, a women's competition over four stages – held a week before the men's race. Because Qatar is entirely flat, the tour was almost always won by a sprinter or classics specialist. Belgian Tom Boonen  and Dutchwoman Kirsten Wild hold the record with four overall wins, in the men's and ladies' competition respectively.
Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Konstitusiya Məhkəməsi) is a state body of the Republic of Azerbaijan whose jurisdiction is defined by the Constitution of Azerbaijan.

The Constitutional Court interprets the Constitution and laws of Azerbaijan based on petitions submitted by the President of Azerbaijan, the Milli Majlis, the Cabinet of Ministers, the Supreme Court, the Prosecutor General's Office, and the Supreme Assembly of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.

Supreme Assembly (Nakhchivan)
The Supreme Assembly of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Azerbaijani: Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikasının Ali Məclisi) is the legislative assembly of Nakhchivan. It was established in 1990, when Nakchivan declared independence from the Soviet Union to become an autonomous republic of Azerbaijan. It governs the republic, and is subordinate to the National Assembly of Azerbaijan. The current parliamentary chairman (since 2023) and the de facto leader of Nakhchivan is Anar Ibrahimov.
Upsilon Gruis
υ Gruis, Latinised as Upsilon Gruis, is a double star in the southern constellation of Grus. The apparent magnitude is 5.61, which is bright enough to be viewed with the naked eye. Located around 89 parsecs (290 ly) distant, the white-hued primary is an A-type main-sequence star of spectral type A1V, a star that is currently fusing its core hydrogen. it is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 320 km/s. The companion is a magnitude 8.24 star at an angular separation of 0.90″ from the primary along a position angle of 205°, as of 2009.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.