hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halfway to Gone
Halfway to Gone is an American heavy metal band from New Jersey. The band formed in 1999 when bassist and founding member of Solarized, Lou Gorra got together with Lee Stuart (Solarized's touring guitarist), and drummer Danny Gollin. Chuck Dukehart from Sixty Watt Shaman played drums in the band for a year before being replaced by Kenny Wagner, also of Sixty Watt Shaman and Honky, who toured with them and played on Second Season. The band did U.S. tours and played shows with Clutch, Nashville Pussy, Nebula, CKY, Suplecs, and many others. The band's style has been described as a mixture of stoner rock, Southern rock and heavy metal, inspired by Lynyrd Skynyrd and Black Sabbath, among others. They released an album with Alabama Thunderpussy in 2000 and their own debut early the next year. They have released two more albums since. They went on extended hiatus in 2004 but are rumored to be doing another album in 2012 with original line up of Stu, Danny, and Lou on Smallstone Records.

Clutch (band)
Clutch is an American rock band from Germantown, Maryland. Since its formation in 1991, the band lineup has included Tim Sult (lead guitar), Dan Maines (bass), Jean-Paul Gaster (drums), and Neil Fallon (vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards). To date, Clutch has released thirteen studio albums, and several rarities and live albums. Since 2008, the band has been signed to their own record label, Weathermaker Music. Clutch is one of the pioneers of stoner rock.
History of the LED
The history of the light-emitting diode begins with the 1906 discovery of electroluminescence from a solid state diode by Henry Joseph Round. In 1927, Russian inventor Oleg Losev created the first LED. The first practical LED was developed in 1961 by researchers at Texas Instruments. The 1970s saw the first commercial LEDs. In the early 1990s, Shuji Nakamura, Hiroshi Amano and Isamu Akasaki invented blue LEDs that were dramatically more efficient than their predecessors, bringing a new generation of bright, energy-efficient white lighting and full-color LED displays into practical use, work that won them the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ˌkɑːrbəˈrʌndəm/), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor, it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive. Grains of silicon carbide can be bonded together by sintering to form very hard ceramics that are widely used in applications requiring high endurance, such as car brakes, car clutches and ceramic plates in bulletproof vests. Large single crystals of silicon carbide can be grown by the Lely method and they can be cut into gems known as synthetic moissanite.

Electronic applications of silicon carbide such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and detectors in early radios were first demonstrated around 1907. SiC is used in semiconductor electronics devices that operate at high temperatures or high voltages, or both.
Hydrogen darkening
Hydrogen darkening is a physical degradation of the optical properties of glass. Free hydrogen atoms are able to bind to the SiO2 silica glass compound forming hydroxyl (OH)—a chemical compound that interferes with the passage of light through the glass.

The problem is particularly relevant to fiber-optic cables—particularly in oil and gas wells where fiber optic cables are used for distributed temperature sensing (DTS). Hydrogen can be present due to the cracking of hydrocarbons in the well.  The darkening of the fiber can distort the DTS reading and possibly render the DTS system inoperable due to the optical loss budget being exceeded.

To prevent this, coatings such as carbon are applied to the fiber, and hydrogen capturing gels are used to buffer the fiber and other proprietary techniques may be used to prevent hydrogen atoms from reaching the glass fiber via the cable sheath.

Fiber-optic cable
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable is used. Different types of cable are used for fiber-optic communication in different applications, for example long-distance telecommunication or providing a high-speed data connection between different parts of a building.
2024 HPP Open
The 2024 HPP Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Helsinki, Finland between 4 and 10 November 2024.

2024 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2024 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2024 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 207 tournaments with prize money ranging from $41,000 up to $225,500. It was the 47th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 16th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Limnoreia (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Limnoreia, Limnoria or Lymnoria (Ancient Greek: Λιμνώρεια means 'salt-marsh') was the Nereid of the salt marshes and one of the 50 marine-nymph daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris. She and her other sisters appear to Thetis when she cries out in sympathy for the grief of Achilles at the slaying of his friend Patroclus.

Nereids
In Greek mythology, the Nereids or Nereides (/ˈnɪəriɪdz/ NEER-ee-idz; Ancient Greek: Νηρηΐδες, romanized: Nērēḯdes; sg. Νηρηΐς, Nērēḯs, also Νημερτές) are sea nymphs (female spirits of sea waters), the 50 daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris, sisters to their brother Nerites. They often accompany Poseidon, the god of the sea, and can be friendly and helpful to sailors (such as the Argonauts in their search for the Golden Fleece).
Thanh Le
Thanh James Le (born August 28, 1985) is an American mixed martial artist. A professional since 2012, Le has competed in the Featherweight division for the ONE Championship, he is the former interim and lineal ONE Featherweight World Champion and Legacy Fighting Alliance. He also appeared on reality television series The Ultimate Fighter: Team McGregor vs. Team Faber.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
Dyme-A-Duzin
Donnovan Malik Blocker,  known by his stage name Dyme-A-Duzin, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and actor from Brooklyn, New York. Dyme-A-Duzin is a former member of the band Phony Ppl. From 2008 to 2013, they performed with popular acts such as Erykah Badu, The Roots and Talib Kweli. His song "New Brooklyn" was listed on Spin's 50 Best Rap Songs of 2013
Dyme made his debut with Warner Bros. Records which caught the eyes of not only the industry but fans around the world. Among the many artists and producers Dyme has worked with Fabolous, Joey Bada$$ and Plain Pat.

Pro Era
Pro Era (short for Progressive Era) is an American hip-hop collective from Brooklyn, New York. The group is a collective of rappers and record producers that currently includes East Coast rappers Joey Badass, CJ Fly, Kirk Knight, Nyck Caution, Dessy Hinds and Aaron Rose, along with producers Chuck Strangers and Powers Pleasant. The collective was formed in 2011 by the late Capital STEEZ and Powers Pleasant, with Joey Badass and CJ Fly among its founding members.
Fly Synthesis
45°58′04″N 13°14′05″E﻿ / ﻿45.9677117°N 13.2347673°E﻿ / 45.9677117; 13.2347673

Gryphen Aircraft Industries Srl. (ex-Fly Synthesis Srl) is an Italian aircraft manufacturer based in Mortegliano. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of carbon fibre ultralight aircraft.

Founded in the late 1980s in Gonars, the company produced its first aircraft, the Storch in 1990. The company was sold to new owners, in 2000. In 2006 the company moved to its present location, a 3,000 m2 (32,000 sq ft) modern and efficient facility beside the old WW2 military base in Mortegliano.

During 2024, Gryphen Aircraft Industries Srl (ex-Fly Synthesis) purchased all the assets and the factory in Mortegliano (UD), Italy, and is now manufacturing again the famous aircraft (listed below)

Mortegliano
Mortegliano (Italian pronunciation: [morteʎˈʎaːno]; Friulian: Mortean) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 60 km (37 miles) northwest of Trieste and about 14 km (8+3⁄4 miles) southwest of Udine.

Mortegliano borders the following municipalities: Bicinicco, Castions di Strada, Lestizza, Pavia di Udine, Pozzuolo del Friuli, Talmassons.

The tallest campanile, or free-standing bell tower, in the world at 113.2 m (371 ft) high, is the Mortegliano Bell Tower.
Khadia carolinensis
Khadia carolinensis is a succulent plant that is part of the Aizoaceae family. The species is endemic to South Africa and occurs in Mpumalanga from Carolina to Belfast. There is coal under the sandstone in which the plant grows but this has not had a major impact on the species to date. However, several applications for mining licenses have been submitted in the past five years. It is expected that if open pit mining activities begin, 45% of the species' habitat will be lost in ten to twenty years.

Aizoaceae
The Aizoaceae (/ˌeɪzoʊˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or fig-marigold family, are a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1,800 species. Several genera are commonly named ice plants or carpet weeds. The Aizoaceae are also referred to as vygies in South Africa. Some of the unusual  Southern African genera—such as Conophytum, Lithops, Titanopsis, and Pleiospilos (among others)—resemble gemstones, rocks, or pebbles, and are sometimes called living stones or mesembs (short for mesembryanthemums).
Pseudophyllodromiinae
The Pseudophyllodromiinae are a subfamily of cockroaches, in the family Ectobiidae, with a world-wide distribution.

Well known species include:

Small yellow cockroach Cariblatta lutea

Brown-banded cockroach Supella longipalpa

Eastern ellipsidion Ellipsidion australe

Ellipsidion australe
Ellipsidion australe, or the eastern ellipsidion, or bush cockroach, is a harmless species of cockroach native to Australia and found in New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, and Victoria. The species was first described in 1863 as Thyrsocera australis by Henri de Saussure.
Clairefontaine paper mills
Clairefontaine is a French stationery company founded in 1858 in the town of Étival-Clairefontaine, part of the Exacompta Clairefontaine group. Clairefontaine is renowned primarily for their notebooks, paper, and stationery products using acid-free paper manufactured directly by the company in Europe; however, it is also involved in the manufacture of fine art, handicraft and luggage products. The company actively participates in the development of French forests, by managing several hundred hectares of fir and spruce trees in the Vosges mountain range. The paper mill itself is still in use.

Stationery
Stationery refers to sheets, pads, envelopes, rolls, reels, and books for writing on, including cut paper, continuous form paper. Stationery usually specifies materials to be written on by hand (e.g., letter paper) or by equipment such as computer printers. Fasteners, writing instruments, utensils, machines, and containers sold by stationers or stationery shops are not stationery, but office supplies.
Submarine Force
A Submarine Force or Submarine Service is the branch of a navy responsible for operating submarines.

Argentine Submarine Force

Brazilian Submarine Force Command

People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force (China)

Pakistan Navy Submarine Force

Royal Australian Navy Submarine Service

Royal Navy Submarine Service

Royal Netherlands Navy Submarine Service

Submarine Forces of France

Submarine force, Vietnam People's Navy

Pakistan Navy Submarine Force
Pakistan Navy Submarine Force, officially referred to as the PN Submarine Force, is the principal underwater warfare component of the Pakistan Navy. It is responsible for reconnaissance, intelligence gathering, and offensive operations during wartime. Established in 1964 with the induction of its first submarine, PNS Ghazi (formerly USS Diablo) from the United States, it became the first submarine force to operate in the Indian Ocean. Since its inception, the Submarine Force has participated in cross-border engagements, including the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 and the 1971.
Amayak Akopyan
Amayak Arutyunovich Akopyan (Russian: Амая́к Арутю́нович Акопя́н; Armenian: Հմայակ Հարությունի Հակոբյան); born 1 December 1956, Moscow, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian illusionist, actor, circus artist. Ethnic Armenian. Presidential Decree awarded the honorary title Honored Artist of Russia. The son of the famous magician Arutyun Akopyan and his wife Liya, opera singer. In the movies, originally played jugglers, then switched to the characteristic roles. He is best known for roles in Frenzied Bus (1990) and The Master and Margarita (1994).

Akopyan graduated from the film directing department of GITIS.

In 1996–2001, he was the host of the TV program Good Night, Little Ones! (as Rakhat Lukumych).

Merited Artist of the Russian Federation
Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации, Zasluzhenny artist Rossiyskoy Federatsii), also known as Honored Artist of Russia, is an honorary title in the Russian Federation. The title is awarded to actors, directors, filmmakers, writers, dancers, and singers for exceptional achievements in the arts.

The honorary title was originally modeled after the German honorific title for distinguished opera singers. Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in). In Imperial Russia before 1917, several stars of stage and film were honored with the title "Imperial singer", but after the October Revolution of 1917, the new regime made changes and established the title of the Merited Artist of Russia (Russian SFSR and Soviet Union).

After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russian president Boris Yeltsin created a new award, first presented on 30 December 1995.
Sulzbacheromyces fossicola
Sulzbacheromyces fossicola is a species of basidiolichen in the family Lepidostromataceae. First described in 1950 by E. J. H. Corner as Clavaria fossicola, it is characterised by its dark green to indigo blue crusty growth form and distinctive white, club-shaped fruiting bodies that turn beige when dried. The species forms a thin layer on soil or rocks, where it lives in symbiosis with microscopic green algae. It is distributed across tropical and subtropical Asia, from India to Singapore, where it specifically grows on exposed yellow and red clay soils in shaded locations. The species was transferred to Sulzbacheromyces in 2017 based on molecular and morphological evidence.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
Adobe Captivate
Adobe Captivate is an authoring tool that is used for creating eLearning content such as software demonstrations, software simulations, branched scenarios, and randomized quizzes in HTML5 format.

For software simulations, Captivate can use left or right mouse clicks, key presses and rollover images.

It can also be used to create screencasts, and to convert Microsoft PowerPoint presentations to HTML5 format, and use SCORM for learner tracking.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion
The Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion is a specialist eye treatment centre in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Lothian. It provides ophthalmic care for Edinburgh and the Lothians, and tertiary care for South East Scotland.

NHS Lothian
NHS Lothian is one of the 14 regions of NHS Scotland. It provides healthcare services in the City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian and West Lothian council areas. Its headquarters are at Mainpoint 102 Westport, Edinburgh.
1983 Davis Cup Americas Zone
The Americas Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1983 Davis Cup.

9 teams entered the Americas Zone in total. This year marked the abolition of the North & Central America and the South America sub-zones, with all teams now competing within a single bracket, with the overall winner being promoted to the following year's World Group.

Ecuador defeated Brazil in the final and qualified for the 1984 World Group.

1983 Davis Cup
The 1983 Davis Cup (also known as the 1983 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 72nd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 60 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 25 in the Europe Zone, 10 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone.

Australia defeated Sweden in the final, held at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia, on 26–28 December, to win their 25th title overall.
Kingdon Gould III
Kingdon Gould III (born June 16, 1948) is an American real estate developer, active in the Washington, D.C.-area. He is part of the fifth generation of the Gould family of financiers, philanthropists and diplomats, which includes his father Kingdon Gould, Jr., grandfather Kingdon Gould Sr., great-grandfather George Jay Gould and great-great-grandfather Jay Gould, with associated generations of mothers, siblings, uncles, aunts and cousins.

George Jay Gould
George Jay Gould I (February 6, 1864 – May 16, 1923) was a financier and the son of Jay Gould. He was himself a railroad executive, leading the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad (DRGW), Western Pacific Railroad (WP), and the Manhattan Railway Company.
Fred Willard
Frederic Charles Willard (September 18, 1933 –  May 15, 2020) was an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his work with Christopher Guest in his mockumentary films This Is Spinal Tap (1984), Waiting for Guffman (1996), Best in Show (2000), A Mighty Wind (2003), For Your Consideration (2006), and Mascots (2016). He also appeared in supporting roles in the comedy films Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (1999), American Wedding (2003), and Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy (2004). On television, Willard received several Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his work on the sitcoms Everybody Loves Raymond and Modern Family.

Art Gilmore
Arthur Wells Gilmore (March 18, 1912 – September 25, 2010) was an American actor and announcer heard on radio and television programs, children's records, movies, trailers, radio commercials, and documentary films. He also appeared in several television series and a few feature films.
Proteroiulus fuscus
Proteroiulus fuscus is a species of millipede in the family Blaniulidae which can be found everywhere in Europe except for Albania, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Monaco, Romania, San Marino, Vatican City, all states of former Yugoslavia and some European islands.

Blaniulidae
Blaniulidae  is a family of millipedes in the order Julida. Members are long and thin, with a length:width ratio of up to 30:1. Eyes may be present or absent, and members have distinctive spots on each segment: the ozadenes or odiferous glands. The family contains the following genera:
Heywood Branch Canal
The Heywood Branch Canal was a branch of the Rochdale Canal from Castleton which led to Heywood. It opened in 1834 and carried traffic until 1937. It was abandoned in 1952, along with most of the Rochdale Canal, and although the Rochdale Canal has been reopened, the junction lies under the embankments of the M62 motorway.

Rochdale Canal
The Rochdale Canal is in Northern England, between Manchester and Sowerby Bridge, part of the connected system of the canals of Great Britain. Its name refers to the town of Rochdale through which it passes.

The Rochdale is a broad canal because its locks are wide enough to allow vessels of 14 feet (4.3 m) width. The canal runs for 32 miles (51 km) across the Pennines from the Bridgewater Canal at Castlefield Basin in Manchester to join the Calder and Hebble Navigation at Sowerby Bridge in West Yorkshire.

As built, the canal had 92 locks. Whilst the traditional lock numbering has been retained on all restored locks, and on the relocated locks, the canal now has 91. Locks 3 and 4 have been replaced with a single deep lock, Tuel Lane Lock, which is numbered 3/4.
Kris Norris
Kris Norris (born August 31, 1978) is an American musician. He is a former guitarist for heavy metal bands Scar the Martyr, Darkest Hour and Threat Signal. He is also known for his stints as touring guitarist for God Forbid and Straight Line Stitch.  Kris released a solo record "Icons of the Illogical" with The Kris Norris Projekt on Magna Carta Records in early 2009.

Earthsblood
Earthsblood is the fifth studio album by the American heavy metal band God Forbid. It was released in 2009, on February 16 in Europe and February 24 in North America, through Century Media Records. The album was produced by Eric Rachel with Christian Olde Wolbers handling all vocal tracking. The mixing was by Jens Bogren, and the artwork was by Gustavo Sazes. This is the last God Forbid album with rhythm guitarist Dallas Coyle. The song "Empire of the Gun" is a downloadable track for the video game Rock Band.

The album sold around 5,400 copies in its first week of release to reach No. 110 on The Billboard 200 chart.