hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phillips Cycles
Phillips Cycles Ltd. was a British bicycle manufacturer based in Smethwick near Birmingham, England. Its history began early in the 20th century and ended in the 1980s by which time it had become part of Raleigh Industries, itself a part of the Tube Investments group. For a number of years, the company was the second-largest bicycle producer in Britain, after Raleigh.  The company motto, which was carried on all its badges, was "Renowned the World Over".  The "Phillips" brand is still used around the world, especially in China and the Far East, having been licensed by Raleigh.
In India it was produced from Madras presently called Chennai.

Raleigh Bicycle Company
The Raleigh Bicycle Company is a British bicycle brand based in Nottingham, England and founded by Woodhead and Angois in 1885.  Using Raleigh as their brand name, it is one of the oldest bicycle companies in the world. After being acquired by Frank Bowden in December 1888, it became The Raleigh Cycle Company, which was registered as a limited liability company in January 1889.  By 1913, it was the largest bicycle manufacturing company in the world. From 1921 to 1935, Raleigh also produced motorcycles and three-wheel cars, leading to the formation of Reliant Motors. Raleigh bicycle is now a brand owned by the Dutch bicycle group Accell which it uses in Europe  and licences out in other territories including to  Canadian Tire in Canada  and Suncross in India. Design and manufacturing no longer take place in the UK.

In 2006, the Raleigh Chopper was named in the list of British design icons in the Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum.
Madras Engineer Group
Madras Engineer Group (MEG), informally known as the Madras Sappers, is an engineer group of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The Madras Sappers draw their origin from the erstwhile Madras Presidency army of the British Raj. This regiment has its HQ in Bengaluru. The Madras Sappers are the oldest of the three groups of the Corps of Engineers.

The Madras Sappers were the only regiment of the Madras Presidency Army to survive unscathed the extensive reorganisations that took place between 1862 and 1928. The thambis, as the troops of the Madras Sappers are popularly known, with their hallmark Shakos have distinguished themselves in many battlefields around the world for more than 200 years.

The Bangalore torpedo, a mine-clearing explosive device, was invented in the Centre at Bengaluru in the early years of the Twentieth Century.

Malakand Agency
The Malakand Agency (Pashto: ملاکنډ ایجنسيۍ) was one of the agencies in the North West Frontier Province of British India and later of Pakistan until 2010. It included the princely states of Chitral, Dir and Swat, and an area around the Malakand Pass known as the Malakand Protected Area. The largest city in the area was Mingora, while the three state capitals were Chitral, Dir, and Saidu Sharif.  In 1970, following the abolition of the princely states, the agency became the Malakand Division, which was divided into districts, one of which was the Malakand Protected Area, known as Malakand District. In 2000 the Malakand Division was abolished.  Despite the constitutional changes since 1970, the expression Malakand Agency is still used, sometimes of the entire area of the former Agency, but more often of Malakand District.
Ahmad Latiff Khamaruddin
Ahmad Latiff Khamarudin (born 29 May 1979) is a former professional footballer who last played in the S.League.

Once touted as a successor to golden boy Fandi Ahmad, he can play as an attacking midfielder or striker with his talented playmaking skills. He was also capable of playing as a full-back later in his career.

However, due to his consistent bad disciplinary track record for the national team and club sides, he is deemed the 'bad boy' of Singapore football. Ahmad Latiff's various nicknames include the frequently used "bad boy of Singapore football" for his disciplinary problems on and off the pitch, and also "the blond bombshell" in reference to his bleached blond hair.

1998 AFF Championship
The 1998 AFF Championship, officially known as the 1998 Tiger Cup, was the second edition of the AFF Championship. It was held in Vietnam from 26 August to 5 September 1998.

Thailand had been the defending champions, but lost to Vietnam in the semi-finals.

The unfancied Singapore national team won the tournament by a 1–0 victory against Vietnam in the finals to take their first title.
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
The Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (Portuguese: Guerra Turco-Portuguesa, Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu-Portekiz İmparatorluğu çekişmesi, 1538–60) also known as the Ottoman–Portuguese War, were a period of conflict during the Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations and series of armed military encounters between the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire along with regional allies in and along the Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea.

Suakin
Suakin or Sawakin (Arabic: سواكن, romanized: Sawākin, Beja: Oosook) is a port city in northeastern Sudan, on the west coast of the Red Sea. It was formerly the region's chief port, but is now secondary to Port Sudan, about 50 kilometres (30 mi) north.

Suakin used to be considered the height of medieval luxury on the Red Sea, but the old city built of coral is now in ruins. In 1983, the adjacent historic mainland town, known as the Geyf, had a population of 18,030 and the 2009 population was estimated at 43,337. Ferries run daily from Suakin to Jeddah in Saudi Arabia.
2021 Ghana FA Cup
The 2021 Ghana FA Cup was the 41st season of the Ghana FA Cup, the primary knockout competition in Ghanaian football. Sponsored by MTN Ghana for the 11th straight season, thus called the "MTN FA Cup" for sponsorship purposes,

Ghana FA Cup
The Ghana FA Cup, currently known as the MTN FA Cup for sponsorship purposes, is the annual knockout competition in Ghanaian football created in 1958, a year after the independence of Ghana. Open to all Ghanaian football clubs, the competition was put on an 8-year hiatus between 2002 and 2010.

Accra Hearts of Oak SC is the competition's most successful club, having won it 11 times, followed by Asante Kotoko with 10; the latter was claimed by beating Golden Kick 2–1 in the 2025 final.
Isaac V. Vanderpoel
Isaac V. Vanderpoel (1814 – March 25, 1871) was an American lawyer and politician. Vanderpoel was a Democratic party mainstay and from 1866 to 1869, had a law partnership with the eventual U.S. President Grover Cleveland.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Randall Farm (Cortland, New York)
Randall Farm is a historic farm and national historic district located at Cortland in Cortland County, New York.  The district includes six contributing buildings and one contributing structure.  It includes a cobblestone farmhouse built between 1825 and 1840 with a distinctive Colonial Revival porch added about 1920.  Also on the property is a 1+1⁄2-story frame cottage, a dairy barn, garage, playhouse, carriage barn, smokehouse, saltbox shaped barn, small gabled barn, sugar shack, and milk house. The property also includes distinctive landscape elements.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Cobblestone architecture
Cobblestone architecture refers to the use of cobblestones embedded in mortar as method for erecting walls on houses and commercial buildings. It was frequently used in the northeastern United States and upper Midwest in the early 19th century; the greatest concentration of surviving cobblestone buildings is in New York State, generally near the historic Erie Canal or connecting canals.
Michał Horodecki
Michał Horodecki (born 1973) is a Polish physicist at the University of Gdańsk working in the field of quantum information theory, notable for his work on entanglement theory.

He co-discovered the Peres–Horodecki criterion for testing whether a state is entangled, and used it to find bound entanglement together with his brother Paweł Horodecki and father Ryszard Horodecki. He co-discovered with Jonathan Oppenheim, Paweł Horodecki and Karol Horodecki that secret key can be drawn from some bound entangled states. Together with Fernando Brandao he proved that every one-dimensional quantum state with a finite correlation length obeys an area law for entanglement entropy. Together with Oppenheim and Andreas Winter, he discovered quantum state-merging and used this primitive to show that quantum information could be negative.

2015 he was awarded the Minister of Science and Higher Education Awards of the Polish government.

Fernando Brandão
Fernando Brandão (born 22 January 1983) is a Brazilian physicist and computer scientist working on quantum information and quantum computation. He is currently the Bren Professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology and Director of Quantum Applications at Amazon Web Services. Previously, he was a researcher at Microsoft and a reader in Computer Science at University College London.

He is an editor of the journal Physics Reports. He was awarded the 2013 European Quantum Information Young Investigator Award for "his highly appraised achievements in entanglement theory, quantum complexity theory, and quantum many-body physics, which combine dazzling mathematical ability and impressive physical insight". He was awarded the 2020 American Physical Society Rolf Landauer and Charles H. Bennett award for his contributions to entanglement theory.
Television in Bermuda
Television in Bermuda was introduced in 1958. All broadcast television stations serving the islands of Bermuda operate from the city of Hamilton, Bermuda. The current television stations in Bermuda include:

ZFB-TV, an ABC affiliate owned by Bermuda Broadcasting

ZBM-TV, a CBS affiliate owned by Bermuda Broadcasting

The other television station formerly serving across this country was:

VSB-TV, an NBC affiliate (defunct in 2014)

ZBM-TV
ZBM-TV (channel 9) is a television station in Hamilton, Bermuda, serving the British territory as an affiliate of CBS. It is owned by the Bermuda Broadcasting Company alongside ABC affiliate ZFB-TV (channel 7). The two stations share studios on Fort Hill Road in Devonshire Parish.
Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8
Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)-8, National Preparedness, describes the way United States Federal agencies will prepare for an incident.   It requires Department of Homeland Security to coordinate with other Federal agencies and with State, local, and Tribal governments to develop a National Preparedness Goal with Emergency management. Congressional laws enacted, following the wake of 9/11, which resulted in new developments in the way security was  assessed and addressed in the United States, to prevent and respond to threatened or actual domestic terrorist attacks, disasters, and other emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards preparedness goal. HSPD 5, HSPD-7, HSPD-8, and HSPD-8 Annex 1 are directives that deal with the preparedness goals.

Homeland Security Act of 2002
The Homeland Security Act (HSA) of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296 (text) (PDF), 116 Stat. 2135, enacted November 25, 2002) was an Act of Congress, introduced in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, that established the Department of Homeland Security and reorganized the US federal government. The HSA was cosponsored by 118 members of Congress. The act passed the U.S. Senate by a vote of 90–9, with one senator not voting. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush in November 2002.

The HSA also established the secretary of homeland security as a cabinet-level position. The HSA imposed the largest federal government reorganization since the Department of Defense was created via the National Security Act of 1947 (as amended in 1949).   It also includes many of the organizations under which the powers of the USA PATRIOT Act are exercised.
Mala mogodu
Mala mogodu is a Southern African food. Mogodu is a combination of chopped serobe (tripe) and mala (intestines) served as a stew often with hot pap or dumpling. Mala (in Setswana/Sotho) is the insides, usually of a mammal such as a cow or sheep.

Ugali
Ugali, also known as posho, nsima, papa, pap, mogobe, sadza, isitshwala, akume, amawe, ewokple, akple, and other names, is a type of corn meal made from maize or corn or mahindi flour in several African countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Botswana and South Africa, and in West Africa by the Ewes of Togo, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria and Ivory Coast. It is cooked in boiling water or milk until it reaches a stiff or firm dough-like consistency. In 2017, the dish was added to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, one of a few foods on the list.
De Koog
De Koog is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Texel, and lies about 17 km north of Den Helder.
It is the chief centre of tourism on the island, surrounded with many hotels and campgrounds. The village is located on the North Sea coast of the island. Only two narrow lines of dunes separate the village from the beach.

South of the village is a wooded area which is also popular with tourists. The information centre and museum about the Wadden Sea, Ecomare, are located here.

Texel
Texel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɛsəl] ⓘ; Texels dialect: Tessel) is a municipality and an island with a population of 13,846 in North Holland, Netherlands. It is the largest and most populated island of the West Frisian Islands in the Wadden Sea. The island is situated north of Den Helder, northeast of Noorderhaaks, and southwest of Vlieland.
Boky Wéré
Boky Wéré is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Macina in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune covers an area of approximately 220 square kilometers and includes 14 villages. The commune is bordered to the north by the commune of Monimpébougou, to the east by the commune of Kokry, to the west by the commune of Pogo and to the south by the commune of Kolongo. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 16,934. The village lies to the north of the Fala de Boky-Wéré, an ancient riverbed that forms part of the Office du Niger irrigation system, and to the south of a large irrigation canal dug in 2009 as part of the Libyan financed Malibya project.

Pogo, Mali
Pogo is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Niono in the Ségou Region of Mali. The commune has an area of approximately 550 square kilometers and includes 18 villages. In the 2009 census it had a population of 16,308.
Eat Lights Become Lights
Eat Lights Become Lights (abbreviated as ELBL) is a British alternative rock band. They are known for their live performances as the house band at Klub Motorik. The band take inspiration from the likes of Kraftwerk, who were major influences on what would become known as post-punk music. Krautrock has progressively developed internationally, and each region interprets the musical structure differently. Eat Lights Become Lights have repackaged krautrock for a new audience without compromising on the long standing musical codes and conventions.

Spiritualized
Spiritualized (stylised as Spiritualized®) are an English rock band formed in 1990 in Rugby, Warwickshire, by Jason Pierce (often known as J. Spaceman), formerly of Spacemen 3. The band had fluid personnel in its early years but by 1999 became centred on Pierce (vocals, guitar), Doggen Foster (guitar) and Kevin Bales (drums and percussion), with revolving bassists and keyboardists. Bassist James Stelfox has been playing with the band since 2012.

As of 2023, Spiritualized have released nine studio albums. The best known and most critically acclaimed of these is 1997's Ladies and Gentlemen We Are Floating in Space, which NME magazine named as their Album of the Year.
Robert J. Stevenson
Robert J. Stevenson (October 10, 1915 – March 4, 1975) was an American politician and former actor who served on the Los Angeles City Council for the District 13 from 1969 to 1975. As a film and television actor, Stevenson had approximately 133 credits. After his death in 1975, his wife, Peggy Stevenson, was elected to the seat. They were the second husband and wife to serve consecutive terms on the Los Angeles City Council—the first having been Ed J. Davenport and Harriett Davenport between 1945 and 1955.

Santa Monica Mountains
The Santa Monica Mountains are a coastal mountain range in Southern California, next to the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Transverse Ranges. The Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area protects nearly all of this mountain range, and extends beyond it in places. Because of its proximity to densely populated regions, it is one of the most visited natural areas in California.
Infrastructure and Projects Authority
The Infrastructure and Projects Authority (IPA) was, between 2016 and April 2025, the United Kingdom government's centre of expertise for infrastructure and major projects. The IPA reported to the Cabinet Office and HM Treasury. The core teams included experts in infrastructure, project delivery and project finance who worked with government departments and industry.

The IPA supported delivery of all types of infrastructure and major projects; ranging from railways, schools, hospitals and housing, to defence, IT and major transformation programmes. The IPA led the project delivery and project finance professions across government through the Government Major Projects Portfolio. It was superseded by the National Infrastructure and Service Transformation Authority (NISTA), established in April 2025.

Cabinet Office
The Cabinet Office is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for supporting the prime minister and Cabinet. It is composed of various units that support Cabinet committees and coordinate the delivery of government objectives via other departments. As of December 2021, it had more than 10,200 staff, mostly civil servants, some of whom work in Whitehall. Staff working in the Prime Minister's Office are part of the Cabinet Office.
Stratford railway station, New Zealand
Stratford Railway Station is a historic railway station in Stratford, a town in the Taranaki region of New Zealand. It serves as a junction on the Marton–New Plymouth Line and Stratford–Okahukura Line (originally called the Toko Branch). Opened in 1879, Stratford station was a key transport hub for over a century, witnessing significant regional development and social events. The station was relocated in the early 1960s to a new site and remained in use for passenger services until 1983. Today, it is no longer served by scheduled passenger trains, but the station building and rail yard survive, and it sees regular freight traffic.

Marton–New Plymouth line
The Marton–New Plymouth line (MNPL) is a secondary railway in the North Island of New Zealand, linking the Taranaki and Manawatū-Whanganui regions. It diverges from the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) at Marton and follows the South Taranaki Bight along the west coast before turning inland to meet the Stratford–Okahukura Line (SOL) at Stratford, continuing on to New Plymouth.

Construction of the line was completed in 1885. With the completion of the SOL in 1933, the combined route provided an alternative western connection to the NIMT—though this role diminished when the SOL was mothballed in 2010. In its early years, the MNPL hosted the New Plymouth Express, the North Island’s first regional express service. Following the withdrawal of passenger services in 1977, the line has been used exclusively for freight.
Vault (architecture)
In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof. As in building an arch, a temporary support is needed while rings of voussoirs are constructed and the rings placed in position. Until the topmost voussoir, the keystone, is positioned, the vault is not self-supporting. Where timber is easily obtained, this temporary support is provided by centering consisting of a framed truss with a semicircular or segmental head, which supports the voussoirs until the ring of the whole arch is completed.

The Mycenaeans (ca. 1800–1050 BC) were known for their tholos tombs, also called beehive tombs, which were underground structures with conical vaults. This type of vault is one of the earliest evidences of curved brick architecture without the use of stone arches, and its construction represented an innovative technique for covering circular spaces.

Basilica of Maxentius
The Basilica of Maxentius (Italian: Basilica di Massenzio), sometimes known by its original Latin name, Basilica Nova or, less commonly, the Basilica of Constantine (Italian: Basilica Constantini), was a civic basilica in the Roman Forum. At the time of its construction, it was the largest building in the Forum, and the last Roman basilica built in the city.
Tanjay
Tanjay, officially the City of Tanjay (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Tanhay; Filipino: Lungsod ng Tanjay; Spanish: Municipio de Tanjay), is a component city in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 84,593 people.

The city is home to two indigenous languages, Minagahat and the Cebuano as listed by the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino.

James the Great
James the Great (Koine Greek: Ἰάκωβος, romanized: Iákōbos; Classical Syriac: ܝܥܩܘܒ, romanized: Yaʿqōḇ; died c. 44) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. According to the New Testament, he was the second of the apostles to die, after Judas Iscariot, and the first to be martyred. Saint James is the patron saint of Spain and, according to tradition, what are believed to be his remains are held in Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain.

He is also known as James, son of Zebedee, James, brother of John, Saint James the Great, Saint James the Greater, St. James Son of Thunder, St. James the Major, Saint James the Elder, or Saint Jacob, James the Apostle or Santiago.
Luoyang River
The Luoyang River, or Luoyang Jiang, is a river in Quanzhou in Fujian, China. It flows in the general southern direction and forms a long and wide estuary as it enters Quanzhou Bay on the Taiwan Strait. The estuary separates Quanzhou's Luojiang and Fengze districts on its western shore from Hui'an County to its east.

The Luoyang River estuary is spanned by the ancient Luoyang Bridge, as well as by several modern bridges.

Oysters have been traditionally cultivated in the Luo River estuary.

Fengze, Quanzhou
Fengzeⓘ (simplified Chinese: 丰泽区; traditional Chinese: 豐澤區; pinyin: Fēngzé Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hong-te̍k Khu) is a district of the city of Quanzhou, Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It has an area of 126.5 square kilometres (48.8 sq mi) and a population of 698,557 (2020).

Fengze District occupies most of Quanzhou Prefecture-level City's central urban area (the place that is marked as "Quanzhou" on most maps), with the exception of several square kilometers on the west and southwest sides of downtown, which belongs to Licheng District. While most of Quanzhou's historical and cultural center is in that area falling into Licheng District, most of the new developments are in Fengze District.