hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
H.R. 5230 (113th Congress)
The bill H.R. 5230, also known as the Secure the Southwest Border Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2014 and the Secure the Southwest Border Act of 2014, is a bill that would provide supplemental FY2014 appropriations to several federal agencies for expenses related to the rise in unaccompanied alien children and alien adults accompanied by an alien minor at the southwest border. The bill would also change the procedures for screening and processing unaccompanied alien children who arrive at the border from certain countries. The bill would provide $659 million in supplemental funding.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. The Senate introduced the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2014 (S. 2648; 113th Congress) to address the same issues.

Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000
The Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA) is a federal statute passed in 2000 by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Clinton. The law was later reauthorized by Presidents Bush, Obama, and Trump. In addition to its applicability to US citizens, it authorizes protections for undocumented immigrants who are victims of severe forms of trafficking and violence.

In January 2023, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2022 (TVPRA), was enacted as Pub. L. 117-348 (22 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.).
Tapered integration
Tapered integration is a term from organization theory that refers to a mix of vertical integration and market exchange. Upstream, a producer might manufacture some of the input itself and buy the remaining portion from independent firms. Downstream, the manufacturer might sell a portion of its output through an in-house sales force and use independent sales forces to sell the remainder.

It is not documented when the term tapered integration was first used, though it can be found in law journals such as the Yale Law Journal as early as the 1950s, the first known use in academia being a case study by William King Norris.

Theory of the firm
The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of a firm: e.g. a business, company, corporation, etc... The nature of the firm includes its origin, continued existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards. Organisational structure, incentives, employee productivity, and information all influence the successful operation of a firm both in the economy and in its internal processes. As such, major economic theories such as transaction cost theory, managerial economics and behavioural theory of the firm provide conceptual frameworks for an in-depth analysis on various types of firms and their management.
Descent (mathematics)
In mathematics, the idea of descent extends the intuitive idea of 'gluing' in topology. Since the topologists' glue is the use of equivalence relations on topological spaces, the theory starts with some ideas on identification.

Quotient space (topology)
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the quotient space of a topological space under a given equivalence relation is a new topological space constructed by endowing the quotient set of the original topological space with the quotient topology, that is, with the finest topology that makes continuous the canonical projection map (the function that maps points to their equivalence classes). In other words, a subset of a quotient space is open if and only if its preimage under the canonical projection map is open in the original topological space.

Intuitively speaking, the points of each equivalence class are identified or "glued together" for forming a new topological space. For example, identifying the points of a sphere that belong to the same diameter produces the projective plane as a quotient space.
2004–05 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team
The 2004–05 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team represented the University of Dayton during the 2003–04 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Flyers, led by second year head coach Brian Gregory, played their home games at the University of Dayton Arena and were members of the Atlantic 10 Conference. They finished the season 18–11, 10–6 in A-10 play, finishing second in the A-10's West division. The Flyers advanced to the quarterfinals of the Atlantic 10 tournament where their season was ended by Temple. Dayton was not selected to play in a postseason tournament, ending a streak of 5 consecutive postseason appearances.

2005 Atlantic 10 men's basketball tournament
The 2005 Atlantic 10 men's basketball tournament was played from March 9 to March 12, 2005, at U.S. Bank Arena in Cincinnati, Ohio.  The winner was named champion of the Atlantic 10 Conference and received an automatic bid to the 2005 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.  George Washington won the tournament. The top two teams in each division received first-round byes. George Washington earned the conference's only bid to the NCAA tournament.
Chuck Horner
Charles Albert Horner (born October 19, 1936) is a retired United States Air Force four-star general. He was born in Davenport, Iowa and attended the University of Iowa, as part of the Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps program. On June 13, 1958, Horner was commissioned into the Air Force Reserve. During the Vietnam War, he flew in combat as a Wild Weasel pilot and received the Silver Star. During Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm, he commanded the air forces of the coalition, and he additionally briefly served as Commander-in-Chief — Forward of United States Central Command while General Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., the commander of all coalition forces, was still in the United States. He currently serves on the board of directors for the United States Institute of Peace.

Nellis Air Force Base
Nellis Air Force Base ("Nellis" colloq.) is a United States Air Force installation in southern Nevada. Nellis hosts air combat exercises such as Exercise Red Flag and close air support exercises such as Green Flag-West flown in "Military Operations Area (MOA) airspace", associated with the nearby Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR).  The base also has the Combined Air and Space Operations Center-Nellis.
Row Collection
The Row Collection is a collection of philatelic material relating to Siam that forms part of the British Library Philatelic Collections. The collection covers the period 1881 to 1918 in 23 volumes. It is mainly of unused material with many blocks, and strong in the various provisional surcharges. It also includes some postal stationery and issues used in Kedah and Kelantan. It was formed by Richard Williams Harold Row and presented to the British Museum in 1919 by Row's mother, Mrs Eliza Row.

British Library Philatelic Collections
The British Library Philatelic Collections is the national philatelic collection of the United Kingdom with over 8 million items from around the world. It was established in 1891 as part of the British Museum Library, later to become the British Library, with the collection of Thomas Tapling. In addition to bequests and continuing donations, the library received consistent deposits by the Crown Agency and has become a primary research collection for British Empire and international history. The collections contain a wide range of artefacts in addition to postage stamps, from newspaper stamps to a press used to print the first British postage stamps.
2021 4 Hours of Barcelona
The 2021 4 Hours of Barcelona was an endurance sportscar racing event that was held on 18 April 2021, as the first round of the 2021 European Le Mans Series.

In LMP2, the race was won by the #41 Team WRT run Oreca 07-Gibson, driven by Robert Kubica, Ye Yifei, and Louis Delétraz.

In LMP3, the race was won by the #19 Cool Racing run Ligier JS P320, driven by Matthew Bell, Niklas Krütten and Nicolas Maulini.

In GTE, the race was won by the #80 Iron Lynx run Ferrari 488 GTE Evo, driven by Matteo Cressoni, Miguel Molina and Rino Mastronardi.

2021 European Le Mans Series
The 2021 European Le Mans Series was the eighteenth season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's (ACO) European Le Mans Series. The six-event season began at Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya on 18 April and finished at Algarve International Circuit on 24 October.

The series was open to Le Mans Prototypes, divided into the LMP2 and LMP3 classes, and grand tourer-style racing cars in the LMGTE class.
DFB-Supercup Frauen
The Frauen DFB-Supercup is a one-off football match in Germany that features the winners of the Frauen-Bundesliga championship and the DFB-Pokal Frauen. It was contested between 1992 and 1997. The competition was revived in summer 2024.

DFB-Pokal Frauen
The DFB-Pokal Frauen is the main national women's football cup competition in Germany, held annually by the German Football Association in knockout format. It was created in 1980, and since 1991 includes Eastern teams as well. The most recent champions are VfL Wolfsburg (ten consecutive titles), they also won the most titles with eleven. Since 1985 the final has been held in Berlin. This routine changed in 2010 when the DFB gave the final to the city of Cologne. It ever stayed in the city and was held at the RheinEnergieStadion. The final usually takes place on a weekend or holiday in early May.
Manolis Paterakis
Manolis or Emmanouil Paterakis (Greek: Εμμανουήλ (Μανώλης) Πατεράκης): 158  was a member of the Cretan resistance during World War II, who lived in the village of Koustogerako in the then-province of Selino. In English language sources, he also appears as Manoli Paterakis.

Cretan resistance
The Cretan resistance (Greek: Κρητική Αντίσταση, Kritiki Antistasi) was a resistance movement against the occupying forces of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy by the residents of the Greek island of Crete during World War II. Part of the larger Greek resistance, it lasted from 20 May 1941, when the German Wehrmacht invaded the island in the Battle of Crete, until the spring of 1945 when they surrendered to the British. For the first time during World War II, attacking German forces faced in Crete a substantial resistance from the local population. In the Battle of Crete, Cretan civilians picked off paratroopers or attacked them with knives, axes, scythes, or even bare hands. As a result, many casualties were inflicted upon the invading German paratroopers during the battle.
For their resistance to the Germans, the Cretan people paid a heavy toll in the form of reprisals.
Figure skating at the 2023 Winter World University Games
Figure skating at the 2023 Winter World University Games was held on January 13–15 at the Herb Brooks Arena in Lake Placid, New York, United States. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles and ice dance.

Figure skating at the Winter World University Games
Figure skating is a part of the FISU World University Games. It was first held as part of the Universiade in 1960. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, ice dancing, and synchronized skating.
Newton Ogle
Newton Ogle (1726–1804) was a Church of England clergyman and member of the landowning Ogle family. The son of Nathaniel Ogle and Elizabeth Newton, he served as a prebendary of Durham Cathedral and from 1769 to 1804 as Dean of Winchester. His wife Susanna Thomas (whom he married in 1757) was daughter of John Thomas, Bishop of Winchester.

In 1762, he inherited Kirkley Hall from his brother Dr Nathaniel Ogle – he bought up most of the land lying between Blagdon Hall and Milbourne Hall and between Ponteland and Morpeth, developed the Hall on its present site, built a new eastern archway, and also added an obelisk nearby to mark the centenary of the Glorious Revolution. On his death in 1804, the Hall was inherited by his sons Nathaniel and the Reverend John Saville Ogle.

His daughter, Hester Jane, married the playwright Richard Brinsley Sheridan in 1795.

Dean of Winchester
The Dean of Winchester is the head of the Chapter of Winchester Cathedral in the city of Winchester, England, in the Diocese of Winchester. Appointment is by the Crown. The first incumbent was the last Prior, William Kingsmill, From March 2025 the vice-dean of the cathedral, The Reverend Canon Dr Roland Riem, has served as interim dean of Winchester Cathedral. Reverend Canon Christopher Palmer will be installed as new dean 15 March 2026.
Momoe Nakanishi
Momoe Oe (大江 百重, Ōe Momoe; born July 7, 1980), better known by her maiden name Momoe Nakanishi (中西 百重, Nakanishi Momoe), is a Japanese retired professional wrestler. She made her debut for All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling (AJW) in July 1996 at the age of sixteen and during the next seven years, won all of the promotion's top titles, including the WWWA World Single Championship and the WWWA World Tag Team Championship. In 2003, Nakanishi quit AJW to become a freelancer and went on to win the AtoZ World Championship later that same year and the NEO Single and NWA Women's Pacific Championships in 2004. Nakanishi retired from professional wrestling on January 7, 2005, at the age of just twenty-four. She now works as a trainer at the U.W.F. Snakepit gym.

Japan Grand Prix
The Japan Grand Prix was an annual professional wrestling tournament held by the promotion All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling (AJW) to determine the number one contender for the promotion's highest achievement, the WWWA World Single Championship.  The tournament was held in the summer every year from 1985 to 2004.  In 2005, AJW was closed for good, and the WWWA Championship was abandoned.
Water polo at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships – Women's tournament
The women's water polo tournament at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships was held from 4 to 16 February 2024 in Doha. This was the 17th time that the women's water polo tournament has been played since the first edition in 1986.

The United States won their eighth overall title.

Water polo at the 1986 World Aquatics Championships – Women's tournament
The 1986 Women's World Water Polo Championship was the first edition of the women's water polo tournament at the World Aquatics Championships, organised by the world governing body in aquatics, the FINA. The tournament was held from 14 to 22 August 1986, and was incorporated into the 1986 World Aquatics Championships in Madrid, Spain.
Qumran Caves
The Qumran Caves (Arabic: كهوف قمران Kuhūf Qumrān; Hebrew: מערות קומראן HaMeara Kumran) are a series of caves, both natural and artificial, found around the archaeological site of Qumran in the Judaean Desert. It is in these caves that the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered.

Israel Nature and Parks Authority took over the site following the end of the 1967 war, when Israel occupied the West Bank and seized Qumran. Israel has since invested heavily in the area to establish the Qumran caves as a site of "uniquely Israeli Jewish heritage". The caves are recognized in Israel as a National Heritage Site, despite the caves being in occupied Palestinian territories; as such, the designation has drawn criticism.

Jean-Baptiste Humbert
Jean-Baptiste Humbert (born 8 December 1940) is a French archaeologist who has excavated in Jordan, Palestine, Iran and Israel. He is of the order of the Dominicans and is director of the Archaeology Laboratory of the École Biblique in Jerusalem. He was responsible for publishing the notes and materials from the excavations of Qumran, which were under the direction of Roland de Vaux.
Brijesh Singh
Brijesh Singh is Minister of State, Government of Uttar pradesh for Public Works Department  and Minister Incharge for Gautam Budh Nagar district. He is a member of 18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly and 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. He represents the Deoband as a member of Bharatiya Janata Party.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
Epidemic Marketing
Epidemic Marketing was a short-lived dot-com company headquartered in Denver, Colorado that operated in the viral marketing sector. Before it closed its doors in June 2000, it employed approximately 60 people. Its website was located at www.epidemic.com.

Dot-com company
A dot-com company, or simply a dot-com (alternatively rendered dot.com, dot com, dotcom or .com), is a company that conducts most of its businesses on the Internet, usually through a website on the World Wide Web that uses the popular top-level domain ".com". As of 2021, .com is by far the most used TLD, with almost half of all registrations.

The suffix .com in a URL usually (but not always) refers to a commercial or for-profit entity, as opposed to a non-commercial entity or non-profit organization, which usually use .org. The name for the domain came from the word commercial, as that is the main intended use. Since the .com companies are web-based, often their products or services are delivered via web-based mechanisms, even when physical products are involved. On the other hand, some .com companies do not offer any physical products.
Extensible MPEG-4 Textual Format
The Extensible MPEG-4 Textual Format (XMT) is a high-level, XML-based file format for storing MPEG-4 data in a way suitable for further editing. In contrast, the more common MPEG-4 Part 14 (MP4) format is less flexible and used for distributing finished content.

It was developed by MPEG (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG11) and defined in MPEG-4 Part 11 Scene description and application engine (ISO/IEC 14496-11).

XMT provides a textual representation of the MPEG-4 binary composition technology, based on XML. The XMT framework accommodates substantial portions of SMIL, W3C Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) and X3D (the new name of VRML). Such a representation can be directly played back by a SMIL or VRML player, but can also be binarised to become a native MPEG-4 representation that can be played by an MPEG-4 player. Another bridge has been created with BiM (Binary MPEG format for XML).

Moving Picture Experts Group
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups established jointly by ISO and IEC that sets standards for media coding, including compression coding of audio, video, graphics, and genomic data; and transmission and file formats for various applications. Together with JPEG, MPEG is organized under ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 – Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29).

MPEG formats are used in various multimedia systems. The most well known older MPEG media formats typically use MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 AVC media coding and MPEG-2 systems transport streams and program streams. Newer systems typically use the MPEG base media file format and dynamic streaming (a.k.a. MPEG-DASH).
2007 Australian Performance Car Championship
The 2007 Australian Performance Car Championship was a CAMS sanctioned national motor racing championship, organised by GT Performance Racing Pty Ltd. It was the third championship to be contested under the Australian Performance Car Championship name, with similar titles having been contested in both 2003 and 2004 as the Australian GT Performance Car Championship. The 2007 championship was won by Gary Young, driving a Mitsubishi Lancer EVO VIII RS.

Australian Performance Car Championship
The Australian Performance Car Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title for drivers of production based, high-performance coupes and sedans racing with limited modifications. It was staged as the Australian GT Performance Car Championship in 2003 and 2004 and as the Australian Performance Car Championship from 2005 to 2007.
Picture communication symbols
Picture communication symbols (PCS) are a set of colour and black & white drawings originally developed by Mayer-Johnson, LLC for use in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems. These AAC systems may be high-tech, such as the TD Pilot, or low-tech, such as a communication board. PCS symbols are now owned and maintained by Tobii Dynavox.

DynaVox
Tobii Dynavox is a Swedish-based developer, manufacturer, and distributor of speech generating devices headquartered in Danderyd, Sweden, with offices in Pittsburgh, Norway, Germany, France, the UK, China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.
The company was formed in 1983 and produces speech communication devices and special education software used to assist individuals in overcoming speech, language and learning challenges.
2010 Korea Open
The 2010 Korea Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition of the Korea Open, and was part of the WTA International category of the 2010 WTA Tour. It took place at the Seoul Olympic Park Tennis Center in Seoul, South Korea, from 20 September through 26 September 2010. Fifth-seeded Alisa Kleybanova won the singles title.

2010 WTA Tour
The 2010 WTA Tour or 2010 Sony Ericsson WTA Tour (its sponsored name)  calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5 and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the Commonwealth Bank Tournament of Champions and the WTA Tour Championships). Also included in the 2010 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points and is organized by the ITF.
Invisible Means
Invisible Means is a studio album by the English/American experimental rock quartet French Frith Kaiser Thompson. It was the group's second album and was recorded at Mobius Music in San Francisco on March 19–23, 1990. The album was released in 1990 in the United States by Windham Hill Records on CD. The album was reissued in 2008 by Fledg'ling Records with one extra track recorded live.

Windham Hill Records
Windham Hill Records was an independent record label that specialized in instrumental acoustic music. It was founded by guitarist William Ackerman and Anne Robinson (née McGilvray) in 1976 and was popular in the 1980s and 1990s.

The label was purchased by BMG through a series of buyouts from 1992 through 1996. It is now a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment, following Sony's acquisition of BMG Music in 2007. Private Music, also a subsidiary of BMG, has issued some back-catalog releases under the Windham Hill Records imprint. Since the Sony merger in 2007, Windham Hill has released no new material but reissues albums and compilations as part of Sony's Legacy Recordings brand.
Branko Lazić
Branko Lazić (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранко Лазић, pronounced [ˌbrǎːŋko ˈlǎːzit͜ɕ]; born 12 January 1989) is a Serbian professional basketball player. He has also represented the senior Serbian national basketball team internationally. He has won a record seven ABA League titles.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).