hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Georges-Vanier station
Georges-Vanier station (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ vanje]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Le Sud-Ouest in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Orange Line. It is located in the Little Burgundy area.

Orange Line (Montreal Metro)
The Orange Line (French: Ligne orange, pronounced [liɲ ɔʁɑ̃ʒ]), also known as Line 2 (French: Ligne 2), is the longest and first-planned of the four subway lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It formed part of the initial network, and was extended from 1980 to 1986. On April 28, 2007, three new stations in Laval opened, making it the second Metro line to leave Montreal Island after the Yellow Line.

The Orange Line measures 30 kilometres (19 mi) in length and counts 31 stations. It is the longest subway line in Montreal and the second-longest in Canada after the Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway. Like the rest of the Metro network, it is entirely underground. The line runs in a U-shape (also similar to Line 1 Yonge-University) from Côte-Vertu in western Montreal to Montmorency in Laval, northwest of Montreal.
Footprint
Footprints are the impressions or images left behind by a person walking or running. Hoofprints and pawprints are those left by animals with hooves or paws rather than feet, while "shoeprints" is the specific term for prints made by shoes. They may either be indentations in the ground or something placed onto the surface that was stuck to the bottom of the foot. A "trackway" is a set of footprints in soft earth left by a life-form; animal tracks are the footprints, hoofprints, or pawprints of an animal.

Footprints can be followed when tracking during a hunt or can provide evidence of activities. Some footprints remain unexplained, with several famous stories from mythology and legend. Others have provided evidence of prehistoric life and behaviours.

Petrosomatoglyph
A petrosomatoglyph is a supposed image of parts of a human or animal body in rock. They occur all over the world, often functioning as an important form of symbolism, used in religious and secular ceremonies, such as the crowning of kings. Some are regarded as artefacts linked to saints or culture heroes.

The word comes from the Greek πέτρα (petra, 'stone'), σῶμα (soma, 'body'), and γλύφειν (glyphein, 'to carve'). Feet are the most common; however, other features including knees, elbows, hands, heads and fingers are also found.

Stylised representations of parts of the body are often open to dispute and are therefore on the fringes of acceptability as identifiable petrosomatoglyphs. Natural objects, such as rock crystals and rock formations which look like petrosomatoglyphs, whole animals, plants, etc., are collectively called "mimetoliths".
Arctic Coast Guard Forum
The Arctic Coast Guard Forum (ACGF) is an organisation which unites the coast guards of eight Arctic states: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. The ACGF's main task is "to foster safe, secure, and environmentally responsible maritime activity in the Arctic."  Since its establishment in 2015, the ACGF has been enabling the coast guards from each member state to cooperate towards common objectives.  The establishment of the ACGF is a response to the increasing levels of activities in the maritime domain in the Arctic, and with that associated need for coast guard services.

Coast guard
A coast guard or coastguard is a maritime security organization of a particular country. The term embraces wide range of responsibilities in different countries, from being a heavily armed military force with customs and security duties to being a volunteer organization tasked with search and rescue without law enforcement authority. In most countries, a typical coast guard's functions are distinct from those of the navy (a military branch) and the transit police (a law enforcement agency), while in certain countries they have similarities to both.
Relativizer
In linguistics, a relativizer (abbreviated REL or RELZ)  is a type of conjunction that introduces a relative clause. For example, in English, the conjunction that may be considered a relativizer in a sentence such as "I have one that you can use." Relativizers do not appear, at least overtly, in all languages; even in languages that do have overt or pronounced relativizers, they do not necessarily appear all of the time. For these reasons it has been suggested that in some cases, a "zero relativizer" may be involved, meaning that a relativizer is implied in the grammar but is omitted in speech or writing. For example, the word that can be omitted in the above English example, producing "I have one you can use", using (on this analysis) a zero relativizer.

Noun phrase
A noun phrase – or NP or nominal (phrase) – is a phrase that usually has a noun or pronoun as its head, and has the same grammatical functions as a noun. Noun phrases are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring phrase type.

Noun phrases often function as verb subjects and objects, as predicative expressions, and as complements of prepositions. One NP can be embedded inside another NP; for instance, some of his constituents has as a constituent the shorter NP his constituents.

In some theories of grammar, noun phrases with determiners are analyzed as having the determiner as the head of the phrase, see for instance Chomsky (1995) and Hudson (1990).
Rastriya Colliery Majdoor Sangh
Rastriya Colliery Majdoor Sangh is a trade union of colliery workers of India. It is affiliated by ITUC affiliated Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC), a trade union group made by Indian National Congress leaders. Erstwhile 'Colliery Majdoor Sangh' was founded by the union of veteran trade unionists Bindeshwari Dubey (Former Chief Minister of undivided Bihar), Ram Narayan Sharma, Kanti Mehta, S. Dasgupta, B.P.Sinha, Murlidhar Prasad and few others. They then managed to get it affiliated by Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC). Later when Bindeshwari Dubey became its President in the 1970s he renamed it from 'Colliery Majdoor Sangh' to 'Rashtriya Colliery Majdoor Sangh'. Earlier he was its vice president and general secretary.

In 2011, it claimed to have 265000 members.

Bindeshwari Dubey
Bindeshwari Dubey (14 January 1921 – 20 January 1993) was an Indian independence activist, trade unionist and politician who served as Chief Minister of Bihar between 12 March 1985 and 13 February 1988.

Dubey was involved in the nationalisation of Indian collieries, especially in the Chhotanagpur region that was then a part of Bihar (now Jharkhand). He held the portfolios of Law, Justice and Labour in the Union Council of Ministers in Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet. Earlier, he had held offices at state level as Minister of Education, Transport and Health. He was a member of the Seventh Lok Sabha  between 1980 and 1984, representing the Giridih constituency in Bihar. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 1988 until his death. Earlier he had been a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly during 1952–57, 1962–77 and 1985–88. He had also been a National as well as State President of INTUC besides being a Bihar Pradesh Congress Committee President.
Zoroastrian cosmology
Zoroastrian or Iranian cosmology refers to the origins (cosmogony) and structure (cosmography) of the cosmos in Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrian literature describing cosmographical beliefs include the Avesta (especially in its description of Avestan geography) and, in later Middle Persian literature, texts including the Bundahishn, Denkard, and the Wizidagiha-i Zadspram.

Ahriman
Angra Mainyu (/ˈæŋrə ˈmaɪnjuː/; Avestan: 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱ 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎, romanized: Aŋra Mainiiu) is the Avestan name of Zoroastrianism's hypostasis of the "destructive/evil spirit" and the main adversary in Zoroastrianism either of the Spenta Mainyu, the "holy/creative spirits/mentality", or directly of Ahura Mazda, the highest deity of Zoroastrianism. The Middle Persian equivalent is Ahriman (/ˈɑːrɪmən/; Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩, romanized: Ahreman). The name can appear in English-language works as Ahrimanes.
Holcim Foundation for Sustainable Construction
The Holcim Foundation for Sustainable Construction is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting sustainable practices in the fields of architecture, engineering, urban planning, and construction. Its primary aim is to identify, discuss, and democratize the latest advancements and best practices in sustainable construction worldwide.

The organization focuses on three main objectives to address the technological, environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural challenges in building and construction:

Transferring ideas and knowledge: Facilitating the exchange of innovative ideas and best practices in sustainable construction.

Empowering a community of changemakers: Supporting and enabling individuals and groups committed to driving sustainable change in the construction industry.

Showcasing real-world solutions: Highlighting practical examples of sustainable construction to inspire and guide future projects.

Universidad Iberoamericana
The Ibero-American University (Spanish: Universidad Iberoamericana), commonly known as La Ibero and abbreviated as UIA, is a private Catholic Mexican higher education institution sponsored by the Mexican Province of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). In 2009, UIA received the SEP-ANUIES Prize as the best private university in Mexico. The university's flagship campus is located in the Santa Fe district of Mexico City.

Its main library, Biblioteca Francisco Xavier Clavigero, holds more than 400,000 books and journals and as of 2007 is one of the largest university libraries in the country.

Other institutions affiliated with, but independent from, Ibero in Mexico City are found in Guadalajara, León, Torreón, Puebla, Playas de Tijuana, and Jaltepec. Together, they form the Jesuit University System, a network of Jesuit-run private universities.
Welshampton and Lyneal
Welshampton and Lyneal is a civil parish in Shropshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 852.

The current parish is the result of a controversial merger of an older parish, Welshampton, with part of Ellesmere Rural parish.

The parish includes Welshampton and Lyneal, and the surrounding villages of  Balmer Heath, Breaden Heath, Colemere, and Newton.

Ellesmere Rural
Ellesmere Rural is a civil parish in Shropshire, England.

In 2011 the parish covered a large area, mainly to the west of the town of Ellesmere. This rural parish consists of farmland and a number of small settlements including Dudleston Heath (also known as Criftins), Dudleston, Elson, Tetchill and Welsh Frankton.
Museums & Galleries Yearbook
The Museums & Galleries Yearbook (aka Museums Yearbook) is produced annually by the Museums Association in the United Kingdom.  
It is the largest catalogue of museums and galleries available in the UK and includes over 3,000 entries. Each entry covers staff names, their job details, collections information, web/email addresses, and telephone/fax numbers.

The Yearbook also provides contact details for national, regional, and international cultural organizations.

Museums Association
The Museums Association (MA) is a professional membership organisation based in London for museum, gallery and heritage professionals and organisations of the United Kingdom. It also offers international membership.
Scattergood-Thorne Estate
The Scattergood-Thorne Estate, formerly known as the Calvert Estate and Scattergood Manor, is a historic family home and land on the grounds of the George Bush Center for Intelligence, the headquarters of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Today, it hosts the Scattergood-Thorne Conference Center, used by the CIA for events, and is the oldest structure standing on the CIA campus. It is named after two women life-partner labour unionist strike activists and pioneers at the American Federation of Labor, who lived in the home at the time that the government purchased the property. However, the two women negotiated that they would sell their estate, as long as they were allowed to remain in the home. As such, the CIA developed its headquarters around their home. The home is visible from Virginia Route 123.

George Bush Center for Intelligence
The George Bush Center for Intelligence is the headquarters of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), located in the unincorporated community of Langley in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, near Washington, D.C.

The headquarters is a conglomeration of the Original Headquarters Building (OHB) and the New Headquarters Building (NHB) and sits on a total of 258 acres (1.04 km2) of land. It was the world's largest intelligence headquarters from 1959 until 2019, when it was surpassed by Germany's BND headquarters.
Unified Smart Grid
Unified National Smart Grid as well as Unified Solar is a proposal for a nationally interconnected grid relying on a backbone of electric power transmission lines linking the US' local grids that have been upgraded to smart grids. Europe's analogous project is sometimes referred to as the SuperSmart Grid.

Pickens Plan
The Pickens Plan is an energy policy proposal announced July 8, 2008, by American businessman T. Boone Pickens. Pickens wanted to reduce American dependence on imported oil by investing approximately $US1 trillion in new wind turbine farms for power generation, which he believed would allow the natural gas used for power generation to be shifted to fuel trucks and other heavy vehicles with Compressed natural gas. Pickens stated that his plan could reduce by $300 billion (43%) the amount the country spends annually on foreign oil.
1988 Virginia Slims of Florida
The 1988 Virginia Slims of Florida was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Boca Raton Resort & Club in Boca Raton, Florida in the United States and was part of Tier II of the 1988 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from March 7 through March 13, 1988. Fourth-seeded Gabriela Sabatini won the singles title and earned $60,000 first-prize money, ending a 30-match winning streak by Steffi Graf. It was Sabatini's first win over Graf after 11 previous defeats.

1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the 16th elite tour for professional women's tennis of the Women's International Tennis Association (WITA) for the 1988 season. The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WITA Tour Championships and the WTA Category 1-5 events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.

The tour was governed by the Women's International Professional Tennis Council (WIPTC), a cooperation between WITA, ITF and recognized tournaments. Philip Morris sponsored the tour under its 
Virginia Slims brand.

Steffi Graf became the first singles player in history to win the Golden Slam by taking the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and US Open singles titles, along with the Olympic gold medal. Graf's defeat by Pam Shriver in the semifinals of the Virginia Slims Championships deprived her of a Super Slam.
John A. Gosling
John A. Gosling (May 18, 1928 in Trenton, New Jersey – October 18, 2004 in Savannah, Georgia) was an American trumpeter and conductor of classical music. He studied trumpet (under William Vacchiano) and conducting at the Juilliard School in New York. He served as music director of the Erie Philharmonic from 1967 to 1973, and of the North Carolina Symphony in 1973. He founded the Bear Valley Music Festival in Bear Valley, California in 1968, and served as conductor and music director of that festival until 1984.

William Vacchiano
William Vacchiano (May 23, 1912 – September 19, 2005) was a trumpeter and trumpet instructor.

Originally from Portland, Maine, Vacchiano studied trumpet at age 12.  At 14 years old, he was playing in the Portland Symphony. For five years (1930–1935), he studied under Max Schlossberg at the latter's studio in The Bronx. He joined the New York Philharmonic in 1935 as third/assistant principal trumpet and appointed principal trumpet in 1942 by Bruno Walter. He taught at the Juilliard School for 67 years (1935–2002). He was also a professor at the Mannes College of Music from 1937 to 1983 and the Manhattan School of Music from 1935 to 2002. His students included Wynton Marsalis, Philip Smith, Charles Schlueter, Gerard Schwarz, Manny Laureano, and Miles Davis.

His obituary in The New York Times quoted him saying:

"This, to me, is happiness. When I feel bad I go down to the studio in my house, I pick up my horn and I'm in seventh heaven. That's what music should be like."
National Register of Historic Places listings in Beckham County, Oklahoma
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Beckham County, Oklahoma.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Beckham County, Oklahoma, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 15 properties and districts currently listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Beckham County, Oklahoma
Beckham County is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,410. Its county seat is Sayre. Founded upon statehood in 1907, Beckham County was named for J. C. W. Beckham, who was Governor of Kentucky and the first popularly elected member of the United States Senate from Kentucky. Beckham County comprises the Elk City, OK Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Prunus × schmittii
Prunus × schmittii, Schmitt's cherry, is a nothospecies of flowering cherry that is the result of a cross between Prunus canescens (gray-leaf cherry) and Prunus avium (sweet cherry). It is useful as a street tree in narrow spaces due to its very slender, conical growth form.

Debuting in 1923, P. × schmittii is a fast-growing tree, typically reaching 7 to 12 m, 15 m in favorable spots. Its small, pale pink star- or propeller-shaped flowers arrive in April and attract bees and other pollinators due to their heavy production of pollen. Its small red drupes are relished by birds. The shiny decorative bark is a mahogany brown with prominent horizontal lenticels. The fall foliage is orange-yellow. Multi- and single- stem varieties are available from commercial nurseries.

Prunus avium
Prunus avium, commonly called wild cherry, sweet cherry or gean, is a species of cherry, a flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Eurasia and naturalized elsewhere. It is an ancestor of P. cerasus (sour cherry).

All parts of the plant except for the ripe fruit are slightly toxic, containing cyanogenic glycosides. The species is often cultivated as an ornamental tree.
Steve Camacho
George Stephen Camacho (15 October 1945 – 2 October 2015) was a West Indian international cricketer who played in eleven Test matches from 1968 to 1971 as an opening batsman and occasional leg-spin bowler.

Camacho played first-class cricket for Guyana from 1965 to 1979. He was part of the West Indian Test side for four series: 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969, 1970–71.  His final tour was to England in 1973: in only the second game, his cheekbone was fractured by a bouncer from Hampshire's Andy Roberts and he left the side, never to play another Test.

Andy Roberts (cricketer)
Sir Anderson Montgomery Everton Roberts, KCN (born 29 January 1951) is a former Antiguan first-class cricketer who is considered the father of modern West Indian fast bowling. Roberts played Test cricket for the West Indies, twice taking seven wickets in a Test innings, and was a member of the team that won both the 1975 Cricket World Cup and the 1979 Cricket World Cup respectively, as well as finishing as runners-up at the 1983 Cricket World Cup. Arriving in England in 1972, he played first-class cricket for Hampshire County Cricket Club and then later for Leicestershire County Cricket Club.

Roberts was the first Antiguan to play Test cricket for the West Indies, thus leading the way for many of his famous countrymen including Viv Richards, Richie Richardson, and Curtly Ambrose. In 2009, Roberts was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.
A Single Man (album)
A Single Man is the twelfth studio album by British musician Elton John. Released in 1978, it is the first album for which Gary Osborne replaced Bernie Taupin as lyricist. It is also the first of two (the second being Victim of Love) John albums that, on the original cut, have no tracks co-written by Taupin.

The Rocket Record Company
The Rocket Record Company is a record label founded by Elton John, along with Bernie Taupin, Gus Dudgeon, Steve Brown and others, in 1973. The company was named after John's hit song "Rocket Man". The label was originally distributed in the UK by Island and in the US by MCA Records, both of which John was also signed to (after 1976).
C. I. Lewis
Clarence Irving Lewis (April 12, 1883 – February 3, 1964) was an American academic philosopher. He is considered the progenitor of modern modal logic and the founder of conceptual pragmatism. First a noted logician, he later branched into epistemology, and during the last 20 years of his life, he wrote much on ethics.  The New York Times memorialized him as "a leading authority on symbolic logic and on the philosophic concepts of knowledge and value." He coined the term "Qualia" as used in philosophy, linguistics, and cognitive sciences.

Primitive notion
In mathematics, logic, philosophy, and formal systems, a primitive notion is a concept that is not defined in terms of previously defined concepts. It is often motivated informally, usually by an appeal to intuition or taken to be self-evident. In an axiomatic theory, relations between primitive notions are restricted by axioms. Some authors refer to the latter as "defining" primitive notions by one or more axioms, but this can be misleading. Formal theories cannot dispense with primitive notions, under pain of infinite regress (per the regress problem).

For example, in contemporary geometry, point, line, and contains are some primitive notions.
Savannah and Statesboro Railway
The Savannah and Statesboro Railway (S&S) began in 1897 through a reorganization of the Cuyler and Woodburn Railroad (C&W).  By 1899, it operated about 33 miles (53 km) of track between Cuyler and Statesboro, Georgia, United States.  The S&S also controlled the Savannah, Augusta and Northern Railway from 1911 until 1916 when the SA&N was taken over by the Midland Railway.

The S&S lasted until 1933 when it was abandoned; a stub at Statesboro became the Statesboro Terminal Company, leased by the Georgia and Florida Railroad (through the Statesboro Northern Railway) until its abandonment in 1950.

Midland Railway (Georgia)
The Midland Railway was founded in 1915 by George M. Brinson.  The railroad had planned to build a line from Savannah to Stevens Crossing, Georgia, USA to connect with the Georgia and Florida Railway.  By the start of 1916, the railroad had built from Savannah to Statesboro and later purchased the Savannah, Augusta and Northern Railway to complete the line.  In 1922 the railroad was facing bankruptcy and the line from Statesboro to Savannah was abandoned the next year.  The remainder of the Midland Railway line was leased by the Georgia and Florida Railway in 1924. The company also was reorganized as the Statesboro Northern Railway in 1924.