hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Split shooting
The Split shooting (Croatian: Pucnjava u Splitu) was a mass shooting that occurred on 11 January 2020 in the city of Split, Croatia. A 26-year-old male gunman, reportedly a professional sailor, opened fire on three men in the city's residential neighborhood of Varoš, killing all three.

The perpetrator was arrested shortly after the attack by the police. Authorities described the incident as a targeted act of revenge linked to disputes within organized crime groups in Split. The shooting shocked the country and prompted public debate about the rise of violent crime and the influence of criminal networks in coastal Croatian cities.

Suspect
In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime. By definition, a suspect is distinct from the perpetrator of the offense (perp, in dated U.S. slang), though in the United States, the word suspect is often used as a jargon when referring to the perpetrator. The term is also related to the terms defendant, the accused, person of interest, and prime suspect.
Basal plate (neural tube)
In the developing nervous system, the basal plate is the region of the neural tube ventral to the sulcus limitans. It extends from the rostral mesencephalon to the end of the spinal cord and contains primarily motor neurons, whereas neurons found in the alar plate are primarily associated with sensory functions. The cell types of the basal plate include lower motor neurons and four types of interneuron.

Initially, the left and right sides of the basal plate are continuous, but during neurulation they become separated by the floor plate, and this process is directed by the notochord. Differentiation of neurons in the basal plate is under the influence of the protein Sonic hedgehog released by ventralizing structures, such as the notochord and floor plate.

The basal plate (basal lamina) is separated from the alar plate (alar lamina) by the sulcus limitans (unlabeled).

Neurulation
Neurulation refers to the folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate into the neural tube. The embryo at this stage is termed the neurula.

The process begins when the notochord induces the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) by signaling the ectoderm germ layer above it to form the thick and flat neural plate. The neural plate folds in upon itself to form the neural tube, which will later differentiate into the spinal cord and the brain, eventually forming the central nervous system. Computer simulations found that cell wedging and differential proliferation are sufficient for mammalian neurulation.

Different portions of the neural tube form by two different processes, called primary and secondary neurulation, in different species.

In primary neurulation, the neural plate creases inward until the edges come in contact and fuse.

In secondary neurulation, the tube forms by hollowing out of the interior of a solid precursor.
Wathne
Wathne is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eli Wathne (born 1970), Norwegian politician

Hugo Wathne (1932–2017), Norwegian sculptor and art instructor

Sigurd Wathne (1898–1942), Norwegian footballer

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Sanatan Sikh
Sanatan Sikh (IAST: sanātana sikkha, Punjabi pronunciation: [sə.näː.t̪ənᵊ sɪkkʰᵊ]), a neologism and hypothesis formulated by Harjot Oberoi in 1987, to refer to Sikhs who formed the Amritsar Singh Sabha faction during the broader Singh Sabha Movement in 1873. It also describes those who while nominally identify as Sikhs, continue to follow Hindu beliefs and practices. While W. H. McLeod considers the dominance of the Khalsa identity to last well into the 19th century, Harjot Oberoi sees the emergence of a "Sanatan Sikh tradition" that displaced the eighteenth-century "Khalsa episteme".

Harjot Oberoi
Harjot Singh Oberoi is a Professor of Asian Studies at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver. He received his PhD from the Australian National University. His thesis earned him the J.G. Crawford Prize in 1987. He is known for his studies of Sikh history, particularly during the late 19th-century and early 20th-century.
2011 Tour of Qatar
The 2011 Tour of Qatar was the tenth edition of the Tour of Qatar cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.1 event on the UCI Asia Tour, and was held from 6 February to 11 February 2011, in Qatar. The previous race was won by Wouter Mol of Vacansoleil.

Tour of Qatar
The Tour of Qatar was an annual professional cycling stage race held in Qatar. First organized in 2002, the event was part of the UCI Asia Tour until 2016. The 2017 edition was to have seen the event upgraded to the UCI World Tour for the first time, but it was cancelled due to lack of sponsorship support.

The event consisted of a men's competition over five stages, and, since 2009, a women's competition over four stages – held a week before the men's race. Because Qatar is entirely flat, the tour was almost always won by a sprinter or classics specialist. Belgian Tom Boonen  and Dutchwoman Kirsten Wild hold the record with four overall wins, in the men's and ladies' competition respectively.
Aslan Musin
Aslan Esbolaiuly Musin (Kazakh: Аслан Есболайұлы Мусин, Aslan Esbolaiūly Musin; born 2 January 1955) is a retired Kazakh politician who is the former Chair of Majilis of the Parliament of Kazakhstan. He has served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan since 10 January 2007. and previously served as Minister of Economy and Budget Planning of Kazakhstan from 4 October 2006 to 9 January 2007. Prior to that he served as the Äkim of Atyrau Region. On 13 October 2008, he was appointed Head of the President's Administration and is recognized to be one of the most influential and successful politicians in Kazakhstan.

Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
The Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Премьер-Министрдің орынбасары, romanized: Premer-Ministrdıñ orynbasary) is a member in the Government of Kazakhstan. The post is usually led by multiple people who carry out their activities in accordance with the policies established by the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan and are appointed by the President of Kazakhstan who are approved by the Parliament of Kazakhstan.
Clan Mar
Clan Mar is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Lowlands. It is also officially known as the Tribe of Mar. The chiefs of the Clan Mar were the original Earls of Mar, although this title later went via an heiress to the Douglases in the late 14th century, and then to the Stewarts before going to the Erskines. The current chief of Clan Mar is Margaret of Mar, Countess.

Scottish Lowlands
The Lowlands (Scots: Lallans or Lawlands, pronounced [ˈlɑːlən(d)z, ˈlo̜ːl-]; Scottish Gaelic: a' Ghalldachd, lit. 'place of the foreigners', pronounced [ə ˈɣauɫ̪t̪əxk]) is a cultural and historical region of Scotland.

The region is characterised by its relatively flat or gently rolling terrain as opposed to the mountainous landscapes of the Scottish Highlands. This area includes cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow and is known for its fertile farmland, historic sites, and urban centres. It is the more populous and industrialised part of Scotland compared to the sparsely populated Highlands.

Culturally, the Lowlands and the Highlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands.
Lithium selenide
Lithium selenide is an inorganic compound that formed by selenium and lithium. It is a selenide with a chemical formula Li2Se. Lithium selenide has the same crystal form as other selenides, which is cubic, belonging to the anti-fluorite structure, the space group is , each unit cell has 4 units.

Selenide
A selenide is a chemical compound containing a selenium with oxidation number of −2.  Similar to sulfide, selenides occur both as inorganic compounds and as organic derivatives, which are called organoselenium compound.
Osama Yassin
Osama Yassin Abdel Wahab (Arabic: أسامة ياسين عبد الوهاب; born 25 December 1964) is the former minister of youth of Egypt. He was part of the Qandil Cabinet and one of the five Freedom and Justice (FJP) members in the first cabinet. He is also one of the leading members of the FJP.

Qandil Cabinet
The cabinet of Egyptian Prime Minister Hesham Qandil was sworn in on 2 August 2012. Qandil was appointed by President Mohamed Morsi, following the resignation of military-named premier Kamal Ganzouri. The cabinet consists of 36 ministers. The composition of the government is mostly formed by technocrats, with five Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) members and one member each from the Al-Wasat and Renaissance parties.
Gloucester 20
The Gloucester 20 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Stuart Windley and Harry R. Sindle as a pocket cruiser and first built in 1981.

The Gloucester 19 is a later daysailer development of the Gloucester 20.

Trailer sailer
A trailer sailer is a keelboat that is big enough to accommodate crew for a weekend cruise, yet small enough to be launched, rigged, and recovered single-handed. It is also relatively easy to haul on a trailer behind a car, which requires low displacement and a shallow draft.

Although many small yachts can in principle be moved on a trailer, not all qualify as trailer sailers. The term is generally reserved for cabin sailboats intended for regular ramp launching. It does not apply to dinghies or small open keelboats under about 19 feet, since these are almost always easy to tow due to their characteristic light weight and shallow draft.
Motherwell (UK Parliament constituency)
Motherwell was a burgh constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1974. It was formed by the division of Lanarkshire. The name was changed in 1974 to Motherwell and Wishaw. It is famous for returning the first-ever SNP MP (Robert McIntyre in 1945) and arguably the first Communist Party MP (Walton Newbold in 1922).

Lanarkshire (UK Parliament constituency)
55°35′N 3°50′W﻿ / ﻿55.583°N 3.833°W﻿ / 55.583; -3.833

Lanarkshire was a Scottish  county constituency of Great Britain and after 1801 the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster) from 1708 to 1868. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post voting system.
Maqtu-e Vosta
Maqtu-e Vosta (Persian: مقطوع وسطي, also Romanized as Maqţū‘-e Vostá; also known as Maqţū‘-e Mīānī) is a village in Jarahi Rural District, in the Central District of Mahshahr County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 45, in 8 families.

Central District (Bandar Mahshahr County)
The Central District of Bandar Mahshahr County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان ماهشهر) is in Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Bandar-e Mahshahr.

Bandar-e Mahshahr is an ancient city and port in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran. Originally known as Reyshahr and then Machuleh, it eventually came to be known as Bandar-e Ma'shoor. The name changed again in 1965, this time to Bandar-e Mah Shahr. The word Mah-shahr means "city of the moon."
Pictichromis paccagnellorum
The royal dottyback (Pictichromis paccagnellorum), also called the bicolor dottyback, gramma dotty or false gramma is a fish commonly kept in marine aquariums.  The front of the fish is bright purple and the posterior is yellow. In an aquarium, it will grow up to three inches long.  The dottyback will defend its territory against fish several times its size, but gets along with many other common aquarium fish. It is sometimes mistaken for a royal gramma (Gramma loreto).

The specific name honours the Paccagnella family of Bologna who were wholesalers of aquarium fish and who gave the type to the author, Herbert R. Axelrod.

It can grow up to 6 cm in length.

Herbert R. Axelrod
Herbert Richard Axelrod (June 7, 1927 – May 15, 2017) was an American tropical fish expert, a publisher of pet books, and an entrepreneur. In 2005 he was sentenced in U.S. court to 18 months in prison for tax fraud.
Nidorellia
Nidorellia armata, also known as the  chocolate chip star (leading to easy confusion with Protoreaster nodosus), is a species of starfish from warmer parts of the East Pacific, where it ranges from the Gulf of California to northwest Peru, including the Galápagos. It is the only species in the genus Nidorellia. N. armata can be found in tropical waters clinging on corals and rocky reefs; and are sometimes kept as pets in home marine aquariums.

Protoreaster nodosus
Protoreaster nodosus, commonly known as the horned sea star or chocolate chip sea star, is a species of sea star found in the warm, shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region. They are sometimes seen in the marine aquarium trade or dried and sold as curios.
Timeline of Capital Radio
This is a timeline of Capital London, previously known as Capital Radio, 95.8 Capital FM or similar variations, from its initial period as an Independent Local Radio station for Greater London to the present day CHR network serving most of the UK.

Capital Life
Capital Life, also known as Life, was a digital radio station broadcasting across the UK on the Digital One network and streamed online. Capital Life was due to be available on DTV but never launched due to the station's closure.
Austin Loadstar
The Austin Loadstar was a lorry produced by the British Austin Motor Company from 1949. It was Austin's first new lorry design after World War II and their last stand-alone design before Austin's merger with Morris Motors to form the British Motor Corporation (BMC). The Loadstar was a revised version of the Austin K2 and was offered in the UK, Australia, New Zealand and Scandinavia, partly again as the Austin K2 for the 2-tonne and as the Austin K4 for the 5-tonne payload variant. The Loadstar was powered by a six-cylinder petrol K-series engine from Austin, which generated an output of 125 bhp (93 kW) from a displacement of 3995 cc. Two different wheelbases with 2.9 and 4.0 meters were available. In the early 1950s, economic difficulties forced Austin and the Morris Motor Company to merge to form the British Motor Corporation. As a result, the Loadstar was replaced in 1956 by the Austin S201/401/501, which was also offered as the Morris WF by means of badge engineering.

Austin K2/Y
The Austin K2/Y is a British heavy military ambulance that was used by all Commonwealth services during the Second World War.

Built by Austin, it was based on the 1938 Austin K30 30-cwt light truck which, as the K2 chassis, was built during the war for many uses.
Eucalyptus sporadica
Eucalyptus sporadica, commonly known as the Burngup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish flowers and down-turned, conical to cylindrical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
Mátranovák
Mátranovák is a village in Nógrád County, Hungary. The Bárna creek flows through the settlement. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 1551 (see Demographics). The village is located 10.2 km from (Nr. 84) Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 18.2 km from the main road 21 and 50.3 km from the M25 expressway. Although the Nemti railway stop is the closest, but public transport on the railway line ceased on 3 March 2007. The closest train station with public transport in Bátonyterenye is 15.5 km away.

Nemti
Nemti is a village in Nógrád County, Hungary, beside the Zagyva river. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 675 (see Demographics). The village is located beside the (Nr. 84) Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 6.6 km from the main road 21 and 49.0 km from the M3 motorway. Although the settlement has its own railway stop, but public transport on the railway line ceased on 3 March 2007. The closest train station with public transport in Bátonyterenye 6.6 km away.
EuroBasket Women 1981
The 1981 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 1981, was the 18th regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in Italy and took place from 13 September to 20 September 1981. Soviet Union won the gold medal and Poland the silver medal while Czechoslovakia won the bronze.

EuroBasket Women
EuroBasket Women is a biennial international women's basketball competition held between the nations of FIBA Europe for women's national teams. EuroBasket Women is also used as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Women's World Cup and also the Olympic Games.
Radiative transfer
Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically. Equations of radiative transfer have application in a wide variety of subjects including optics, astrophysics, atmospheric science, and remote sensing. Analytic solutions to the radiative transfer equation (RTE) exist for simple cases but for more realistic media, with complex multiple scattering effects, numerical methods are required. 
The present article is largely focused on the condition of radiative equilibrium.

Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectroscopy can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances.
1904 AAA Championships
The 1904 AAA Championships was the 1904 edition of the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). It was held on Saturday 2 July 1904 at the Athletic Grounds, Rochdale in Rochdale, England, in front of 10,000 spectators.

The Championships consisted of 16 events.

Athletic Grounds, Rochdale
The Athletic Grounds was a stadium in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. It was the home of Rochdale Hornets Rugby League Football Club for over 90 years until 1988. It has also been used for speedway, BriSCA F1 Stock Cars and greyhound racing.
Vallebona
Vallebona (Ligurian: Valebona) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Imperia.  
Vallebona borders the following municipalities: Bordighera, Ospedaletti, Perinaldo, San Biagio della Cima, Seborga, Soldano, and Vallecrosia.

Perinaldo
Perinaldo (Ligurian: Pȓeiñaudu, Preinoud) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region of Liguria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Imperia.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). It is the birthplace of the 17th-century Italian naturalised French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini.
Rive, Piedmont
Rive is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Vercelli. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 426 and an area of 9.5 square kilometres (3.7 sq mi).

Rive borders the following municipalities: Balzola, Costanzana, Pertengo, Stroppiana, and Villanova Monferrato.

Costanzana
Costanzana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Vercelli.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Monaco
Monaco has recognised same-sex cohabitation agreements since 27 June 2020. On 4 December 2019, the National Council passed a bill 22–0 establishing cohabitation agreements offering both same-sex and opposite-sex couples limited legal rights and benefits in the areas of inheritance and property. The bill was signed into law by Prince Albert II on 17 December, and took effect on 27 June.

In March 2022, a court ordered the government to recognize a same-sex marriage validly performed in the United States. This ruling was upheld by the Court of Appeal, but the decision was overturned by the Court of Revision on 18 March 2024.

Union Monégasque
Union Monégasque (UM; English: Monegasque Union; French pronunciation: [ynjɔ̃ mɔnegask]) is a centrist political party in the Principality of Monaco. Union Monégasque was formed in 2003 and is led by Jean-François Robillon. In the 2023 election it won 3 seats on the National Council as a part of the Monegasque National Union coalition.

Union Monégasque promotes and formulates political proposals aimed at bringing together the Monegasque population around common values according to the founding principles it has adopted. Pride, unity and ambition are the three founding pillars of the political group.