hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Navdeep Singh (Ashoka Chakra)
Lieutenant Navdeep Singh Bains, AC was a Ghatak Platoon Commander of 15 Maratha Light Infantry regiment in the Indian Army.

He led an operation to ambush 17 well-trained and armed terrorists who infiltrated into Jammu and Kashmir state. He killed 4 of the terrorists and brought an injured team member to safety before succumbing to fatal injury from close range. He was posthumously conferred the highest peacetime gallantry award of India Ashoka Chakra by President of India on the 63rd Republic Day.

Gurdaspur
Gurdaspur is a city in the Majha region of the Indian state of Punjab, between the rivers Beas and Ravi. It houses the administrative headquarters of Gurdaspur District and is in the geographical centre of the district, which shares a border with Pakistan.

Gurdaspur city was named after Mahant Guriya das ji.
A land without a people for a people without a land
"A land without a people for a people without a land" is a widely cited phrase associated with Zionism, the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

The phrase was first used by Christian Zionists in the early 19th century, and Anita Shapira writes that it "was common among Zionists at the end of the nineteenth, and the beginning of the twentieth century." Israel Zangwill made prominent use of the phrase.

Its historical significance is a matter of contention, with some historians claiming that the phrase never came into widespread use among Jewish Zionists.

Adam Garfinkle
Adam M. Garfinkle (born June 1, 1951) is an American historian and political scientist and the founding editor of The American Interest, a bimonthly public policy magazine.  He was previously editor of The National Interest. He has been a university teacher and a staff member at high levels of the U.S. government.  He was a speechwriter to more than one U.S. Secretary of State.
Garfinkle was a speechwriter for both of President George W. Bush's Secretaries of State, Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice.  He was editor of The National Interest and left to edit The American Interest in 2005. Francis Fukuyama, Eliot Cohen, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Josef Joffe, and Ruth Wedgwood were among the magazine's founding leadership.
Kim Kalicki
Kim Kalicki (born 27 June 1997) is a German bobsledder who competes for TuS Eintracht Wiesbaden 1846. She also representing the Germany national team since 2015 and won the silver medal in the two-woman bobsleigh event at the  Bobsleigh World Championships in 2020 and 2021 with Kira Lipperheide and Ann-Christin Strack, respectively.

International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation
The International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) is the international sports federation for the sliding sports of Bobsleigh and Skeleton. It was founded on 23 November 1923 by the delegates of Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States at the meeting of their first International Congress in Paris, France as the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (International Federation of Bobsleigh and Tobogganing; FIBT). In June 2015, it announced a name change from FIBT to IBSF. The federation's headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland.

The IBSF works closely with the IOC to conduct Winter Olympics every four years. Along with the Winter Olympics, the IBSF hosts World Championships the other three years. The races are hosted on tracks in North America, Europe, and Asia. The tracks are shared with the sport of Luge, although that is managed under a different governing body, the International Luge Federation.
Anne S. Herr
Anne Smith Herr (née Smith; Feb 17, 1921–Nov 12, 2002) was a host and weathercaster at WGAL in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. She was notably known as one of WGAL's pioneering women, like Marijane Landis, Joan Klein Weidman, and Barbara M. Allen.

Barbara M. Allen
Barbara M. Allen (c. 1939 – 26  November  2017) was an American television interviewer, producer, and public relations executive.  She spent eight years at WGAL-TV in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, hosting the daytime talk segment Noonday on 8 (1966–1974), before joining PBS affiliate WITF-TV, where she presented the nationally distributed series The Gathering Place and produced American Dreamers. Beyond broadcasting, Allen co‑founded River Ridge Video Productions, served as the first director of public relations for St Joseph Hospital, and later taught communication arts at Elizabethtown College.
Noto Province
Noto Province (能登国, Noto no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [noꜜ.to (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern part of Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan, including the Noto Peninsula (Noto-hantō) which is surrounded by the Sea of Japan.   Noto bordered on Etchū and Kaga provinces to the south, and was surrounded by the Sea of Japan to the east, north and west. Its abbreviated form name was Nōshū (能州).

Kashima District, Ishikawa
Kashima (鹿島郡, Kashima-gun) is a district located in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of April 1, 2005 population data, the district has an estimated population of 18,952 with a density of 212 persons per km2. The total area is 89.36& km2.
Jonas Kaufmann
Jonas Kaufmann (born July 10, 1969) is a German-Austrian tenor opera singer. He is best known for the versatility of his repertoire, performing a variety of opera roles in multiple languages in recital and concert each season. Some of his standout roles include Don José in Carmen, Cavaradossi in Tosca, Maurizio in Adriana Lecouvreur, Don Alvaro in La forza del destino, Siegmund in Die Walküre, and the title roles in Parsifal, Werther, Don Carlos, and Lohengrin. In 2014 The New York Times described Kaufmann as "a box-office draw, and... the most important, versatile tenor of his generation."

Bryn Terfel
Sir Bryn Terfel Jones (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈbrɨn ˈtɛrvɛl]; born 9 November 1965) is a Welsh bass-baritone opera and concert singer. Terfel was initially primarily associated with the roles of Mozart, particularly Figaro, Leporello and Don Giovanni, but he has subsequently shifted his attention to heavier roles, especially those by Puccini and Wagner.
Prijezda I, Ban of Bosnia
Prijezda I (Serbian Cyrillic: Пријезда I; pronounced [prǐjezda] (1211–1287) was a Bosnian Ban as a vassal of the Hungarian Kingdom, reigning 1250–1287. He was probably the founder of the House of Kotromanić.

Vladimir Ćorović
Vladimir Ćorović (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Ћоровић; 27 October 1885 – 12 April 1941) was a Serb historian, university professor, author, and academic. Ćorović served two terms as the Rector of the University of Belgrade and twice as the  Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade. His bibliography consists of more than 1000 works. Several of his books on the history of Serb, Yugoslav, Bosnian and Herzegovinian uprisings are considered to be definitive works on the subject.
100-yard dash
The 100-yard dash is a track and field sprint event of 100 yards (91.44 metres). It was part of the Commonwealth Games until 1970, and was included in the triathlon of the Olympics in 1904. It is not generally used in international events, replaced by the 100-metre sprint (109.36 yards). However, it is still occasionally run in the United States in certain competitions; in the NCAA championships it was last run in 1975. Walter Halben Butler (1852–1931) is credited with being the first to run the race in 10 seconds.

Athletics abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics.  In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, Track & Field News became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia.
Brocklesby Stakes
The Brocklesby Stakes is a flat conditions race horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged two years. It is notable as the traditional opening two-year-old race of the British Flat racing season. It is run over five furlongs at Doncaster Racecourse.

Doncaster Racecourse
Doncaster Racecourse (also known as the Town Moor course) is a racecourse in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. It hosts two of Great Britain's 36 annual Group 1 flat races, the St Leger Stakes and the Racing Post Trophy.
Lucknow–New Delhi AC Superfast Express
Lucknow–New Delhi AC Superfast Express numbered 12429/30 is an ISO certified premier daily overnight service of AC Superfast Express type running between Lucknow Charbagh and New Delhi operated by Northern Railway zone. 
It is usually hauled by a Ghaziabad based Indian locomotive class WAP-7 locomotive, with occasional runs by WDP-4D twin locos of Tughlakabad or Alambagh shed, WAP5 Ghaziabad Shed, WAP4 Ghaziabad Shed and WAP1 Lucknow Shed.

Owing to its suitable time and punctuality, it is considered more popular than Lucknow Mail as it runs on the same route as Lucknow Mail but takes 53 minutes less to complete the journey.

AC Express (Indian Railways)
Air Conditioned Express or AC Express is a series of superfast air-conditioned trains of Indian Railways that links major cities of India. These trains have the second highest priority within the Indian Railway network, after the premium trains of Indian Railways. As of date, there are 27 such AC Express operating in Indian Railways.
Commander (United States)
In the United States, commander is a military rank (O-5) that is also sometimes used as a military billet title—the designation of someone who manages living quarters or a base—depending on the branch of service. It is also used as a rank or title in non-military organizations, particularly in law enforcement.

United States Maritime Service
The United States Maritime Service (USMS) was established in 1938 under the provisions of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936 as voluntary training organization to train individuals to become officers and crew members on merchant ships that form the United States Merchant Marine per 46 U.S.C. § 51701.  Heavily utilized during World War II, the USMS was largely dissolved in 1954, and its resources were absorbed into other federal departments. However, while the service is no longer structurally organized, remnants of the service still exist today and the service still actively commission officers to fill the ranks of the U.S. Navy Strategic Sealift Officer corps and to function as administrators and instructors at the United States Merchant Marine Academy and the state maritime academies.
Fully differential amplifier
A fully differential amplifier (FDA) is a DC-coupled high-gain electronic voltage amplifier with differential inputs and differential outputs. In its ordinary usage, the output of the FDA is controlled by two feedback paths which, because of the amplifier's high gain, almost completely determine the output voltage for any given input.

In a fully differential amplifier, common-mode noise such as power supply disturbances is rejected; this makes FDAs especially useful as part of a mixed-signal integrated circuit.

An FDA is often used to convert an analog signal into a form more suitable for driving into an analog-to-digital converter; many modern high-precision ADCs have differential inputs.

Input impedance
In electrical engineering, the input impedance of an electrical network is the measure of the opposition to current (impedance), both static (resistance) and dynamic (reactance), into a load network or circuit that is external to the electrical source network. The input admittance (the reciprocal of impedance) is a measure of the load network's propensity to draw current. The source network is the portion of the network that transmits power, and the load network is the portion of the network that consumes power.

For an electrical property measurement instrument like an oscilloscope, the instrument is a load circuit to an electrical circuit (source circuit) to be measured, so the input impedance is the impedance of the instrument seen by the circuit to be measured.
1945 SEC men's basketball tournament
The 1945 Southeastern Conference men's basketball tournament took place on February 28–March 3, 1945, in Louisville, Kentucky at the Jefferson County Armory. It was the twelfth SEC basketball tournament.

Kentucky won the tournament by beating Tennessee in the championship game. The Wildcats went on to play in the 1945 NCAA Tournament, losing to Ohio State in the first round, and the Volunteers went on to play in the 1945 National Invitation Tournament, losing in the first round to Rhode Island.

1945 NCAA basketball tournament
The 1945 NCAA basketball tournament was an eight-team single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) college basketball. The 7th annual edition of the tournament began on March 22, 1945, and ended with the championship game on March 27, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. A total of nine games were played, including a third place game in each region.

Oklahoma A&M, coached by Henry Iba, won the national title with a 49–45 victory in the final game over NYU, coached by Howard Cann. Bob Kurland of Oklahoma A&M was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
1881 Canadian census
The Census of Canada 1880–81 marked the second regularly scheduled collection of national statistics of the Canadian population. The census took place on April 4, 1881, having been assented to via the Census Act on May 15, 1879. The total population count of Canada was 4,324,810. Dependent on the quoted figure, this is either a 24.1% increase from the 1871 census's 3,485,761, or a 17.2% increase from the 1871 estimate's 3,689,257.

The previous census was the 1871 census and the following census was the 1891 census.

1871 Canadian census
The 1871 Canadian census marked the first regularly scheduled collection of national statistics of the Canadian population on April 2, 1871,  as required by section 8 of the British North America Act. The constitution required a census to be taken in 1871 and every tenth year thereafter. Parliament implemented the requirements of the constitution through the Census Act of May 12, 1870. In the first census, the population of Canada was enumerated to be 3,485,761.

All inhabitants of Canada were included, including Aboriginals. While this was the first national census of Canada, only four provinces were enumerated: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. Other areas of Canada continued to be enumerated in separate censuses. The results of the 1871 census, in both English and French, were reported in a five-volume set.

The following census was the 1881 census.
Gillham Wood
Gillham Wood is a  3-hectare (7.4-acre) nature reserve west of Bexhill-on-Sea in East Sussex. It is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust.

The wood is mainly oak with an understorey of hazel, birch and holly. An old bomb crater is now a pond which provides water for a variety of wildlife. Part of the site is closed to the public so as to provide a sanctuary for foxes and other wildlife. Fungi include parasitic bolete, and seventy-four species of birds have been recorded on the site.

Bexhill-on-Sea
Bexhill-on-Sea (often shortened to Bexhill) is a seaside town and civil parish in the Rother District of the East Sussex county of South East England. It is located along the Sussex Coast and between the towns of Hastings and Eastbourne.
Slovene declension
This page describes the declension of nouns, adjectives and pronouns in Slovene. For information on Slovene grammar in general, see Slovene grammar.

This article follows the tonal orthography. For the conversion into pitch orthography, see Slovene national phonetic transcription.

Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts
The Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Slovene: Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti (SAZU)) is the national academy of Slovenia, which encompasses science and the arts and brings together the top Slovene researchers and artists as members of the academy.
Vanuatu National Library
The Vanuatu National Library (in Bislama Vanuatu Nasonal Laebri, in French Bibliotheque Nationale du Vanuatu) was established in April 2004 and is located within the Vanuatu Cultural Centre in Port Vila, it contains more than 30,000 books and serves both as a national repository for "rare and special" materials. The National Library also has responsibility for the Port Vila public library.

Port Vila
Port Vila (/ˈviːlə/ VEE-lə; French: Port-Vila [pɔʁ vila]), or simply Vila (Bislama: [viˈla]), is the capital of Vanuatu and its largest city. It is on the island of Efate, in Shefa Province.

The population was 49,034 as of the 2020 census. This represented 16.3% of Vanuatu's total population in 2020.

Located on the east coast of the island of Efate, Port Vila is the economic and commercial centre of Vanuatu. The mayor is Jenny Regenvanu of the Land and Justice Party, the first woman to hold the position, elected in August 2024. Her deputy was Marie Louise Milne, of the Green Confederation, until the seat was vacated in January 2025.
Kazusa Kokubunni-ji
The Kazusa Kokubun-niji (上総国分尼寺跡) is the ruins of a Buddhist nunnery located in the city of Ichihara, Chiba, Japan, which was part of the  provincial temple complex ("kokubunji") of former Kazusa Province.The temple ruins were designated a National Historic Site in 1983, with the area under protection expanded in 1985.

Ichihara, Chiba
Ichihara (市原市, Ichihara-shi) is a city, located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 274,117 in 128,316 households and a population density of 240 people per km2. The total area of the city is 368.20 square kilometres (142.16 sq mi). The city is home, together with the city of Chiba, to the JEF United football club. The whole city is also part of the Greater Tokyo Area.
Volodymyr Matvienko
Volodymyr Pavlovych Matvienko (Ukrainian: Володимир Павлович Матвієнко; born 5 January 1938) is a Ukrainian poet-songwriter, economist and politician who is a recipient of both the Hero of Ukraine and Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise. Additionally, he was the first chairman of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) from 1991 to 1992.

Korosten Raion
Korosten Raion (Ukrainian: Коростенський район) is a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is Korosten. The raion covers an area of 10,897.6 square kilometres (4,207.6 mi2).  It makes Korosten raion the largest by area in Ukraine. Population: 251,208 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Korosten Raion was significantly expanded.  Before the expansion, the area of the raion was 865.2 square kilometres (334.1 mi2). The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 25,297 (2020 est.).
Kita-Osaka Kyuko Railway
Kita-Osaka Kyuko Railway (北大阪急行電鉄, Kita Ōsaka Kyūkō Dentetsu, lit. "North Osaka Express Electric Railway") is a railway operator in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Its sole line, officially named the Namboku Line (南北線, Namboku-sen), operates as a through-service extension of the Midōsuji Line of the Osaka Metro.

Kita-Osaka Kyuko Railway Company, Ltd. (北大阪急行電鉄株式会社, Kita Ōsaka Kyūkō Dentetsu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a third-sector railway - 54% owned by Hankyu Corporation, a major component of the wider Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group, and 25% owned by Osaka Prefecture. Kitakyu, as it is often abbreviated, also owns various commercial and residential properties along the line. It is not to be confused with an earlier railway company called Kita-Osaka Electric Railway which operated a section of the Hankyu Senri Line (between Awaji and Senriyama) and Hankyu Kyoto Main Line (between Jūsō and Awaji) from 1919 until 1928, when it was merged into Keihan Electric Railway.

Hankyu Kyoto Main Line
The Hankyu Kyoto Main Line (阪急京都本線, Hankyū Kyōto Honsen) is a railway line in Japan operated by the private railway operator Hankyu Railway. It connects Osaka-umeda Station in Osaka and Kyoto-kawaramachi Station in Kyoto.
Thujsa
Thujsa (Aymara for smelling, Hispanicized spelling Tucsa) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, La Unión Province, Puyca District, southeast of the lake named Ikmaqucha and northeast of Llimphiq.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
The Romantic Manifesto
The Romantic Manifesto: A Philosophy of Literature is a collection of essays regarding the nature of art by the writer and philosopher Ayn Rand. It was first published in 1969, with a second, revised edition published in 1975. Most of the essays are reprinted from Rand's magazine The Objectivist.

Mimi Reisel Gladstein
Mimi Reisel Gladstein (born 1936) is a professor of English and Theatre Arts at the University of Texas at El Paso. Her specialties include authors such as Ayn Rand and John Steinbeck, as well as women's studies, theatre arts and 18th-century British literature. In 2011 she was named to the El Paso Historical Hall of Honor.
IC 4593
IC 4593 (also known as the White-Eyed Pea Nebula) is a planetary nebula in the constellation Hercules. It was first discovered in 1907 by astronomer Williamina Fleming. The nebula is approximately 0.96 light-years across. At the center of the nebula is a hot white dwarf that's known as HD 145649, which is an O-type star with a spectral type of O7f. The temperature of the white dwarf is approximately 30,000 to 40,000 K.

A study published in 2020 found that there are bubbles of extremely hot gas in its inner cavities, with the gas heating to over a million degrees. They were formed because of stellar winds colliding with previously expelled gas.

Hercules (constellation)
Hercules is a constellation named after Hercules, the Roman mythology hero adapted from the Greek hero Heracles. Hercules was one of the 48 constellations listed by the second-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. It is the fifth-largest of the modern constellations and is the largest of the 50 which have no stars brighter than apparent magnitude +2.5.
Matthew 1:13
Matthew 1:13 is the thirteenth verse of Matthew 1 of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament.  The verse is part of the section where the genealogy of Joseph, the father of Jesus, is listed.  This verse covers the section somewhat after the Babylonian Captivity six generations before Jesus.

Matthew 1
Matthew 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. It contains two distinct sections. The first lists the genealogy of Jesus from Abraham to his legal father Joseph, husband of Mary, his mother. The second part, beginning at verse 18, provides an account of the virgin birth of Jesus Christ.
Kreuzberg Pass
The Kreuzbergpass (Italian: Passo Monte Croce di Comelico; German: Kreuzbergpass; Sappada German: Kraizpèrk) (1636 m) is a high mountain pass between the provinces of South Tyrol and Belluno in Italy. It connects the Puster Valley with Cadore.

The pass is also the division line between the Dolomites to the west and the Carnic Alps to the northeast.

Sappada
Sappada (German: Pladen or Bladen; local Southern Bavarian: Plodn; Friulian: Sapade; Ladin: Sapada) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").