hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luis Fley
Luis Adan Fley Gonzales (born March 1951, Matagalpa) was a 2021 candidate for President of Nicaragua.  He was also known as "Comandate Jhonson."

He is a former Resistance Commander, having been both a Sandinista guerilla and a Contra rebel. He has also been an agricultural technician, army officer and Member of the RN Cease-Fire Commission. Completed the third year of the agricultural high school in Matagalpa. After commanding the FSLN's Bernardino-Diaz Ochoa Column in 1978-79 against Somoza, he entered the EPS. "Jhonson" joined the Resistance on June 13, 1981. Commanded the Raul Arrioliga and Armando Blancher Task Forces, and the 15th of September Command. His family was split by the 1979 revolution and United States-backed counterrevolution, where he and three of his brothers fought on opposing sides.

Fifteenth of September Legion
The Fifteenth of September Legion (Legión Quince de Septiembre) was an anti-communist guerrilla group founded in Guatemala by exiled former junior officers of the defeated Nicaraguan National Guard, which was committed to overthrowing the Sandinista National Liberation Front government.
Canonical protocol pattern
Canonical Protocol is a design pattern, applied within the service-orientation design paradigm, which attempts to make services, within a service inventory, interoperable with each other by standardizing the communication protocols used by the services. This eliminates the need for bridging communication protocols when services use different communication protocols.

Service (systems architecture)
In the contexts of software architecture, service-orientation and service-oriented architecture, the term service refers to a software functionality, or a set of software functionalities (such as the retrieval of specified information or the execution of a set of operations) with a purpose that different  clients can reuse for different purposes, together with the policies that should control its usage (based on the identity of the client requesting the service, for example).

OASIS defines a service as "a mechanism to enable access to one or more capabilities, where the access is provided using a prescribed interface and is exercised consistent with constraints and policies as specified by the service description".
History Makers
History Makers is a compilation album by the band Delirious?. It was announced by lead singer Martin Smith during an interview promoting their live album, My Soul Sings. It was released on November 2, 2009, in conjunction with the band's final "History Makers" tour of the UK and mainland Europe.  Delirious? previously released two other compilation albums: Deeper, which contained their best-known worship songs, and Libertad, which also contained worship songs re-recorded in Spanish.

Two versions of the album have been made available for general sale. The first is a standard edition, containing fourteen of the band's best-known tracks from their worship back catalog, aimed at congregational audiences. The second is a limited edition version, containing 31 tracks spread over two discs. It also contains a DVD featuring the band's music videos and a fifty-eight-page color hardback book covering the history of the band.

My Soul Sings
My Soul Sings is a live album by the band Delirious?. The album was released on 16 March 2009. It was the band's last new recording before their farewell tour at the end of 2009. It takes its name from the song, My Soul Sings, which was included on Kingdom of Comfort. Generación 12, a Colombian worship band sang part of some songs in Spanish. A special Colombian Edition has been released in South America, to cater for the Colombian market, where Delirious? has a large following.
Rural society in China
Rural society in the People's Republic of China encompasses less than half of China's population (roughly 45%) and has a varied range of standard of living and means of living. Life in rural China differs from that of urban China. In southern and coastal China, rural areas are developing and, in some cases, statistically approaching urban economies. In northwest and western regions, rural society is still perceived as lowly and primitive. Basic needs such as running water and accessible transportation are a problem in these areas.

Household responsibility system
The household responsibility system (simplified Chinese: 家庭联产承包责任制; traditional Chinese: 家庭聯產承包責任制; pinyin: jiātíng liánchǎn chéngbāo zérènzhì), or contract responsibility system, was a practice in China, first adopted in agriculture in 1979 and officially established in 1982, by which households are held responsible for the profits and losses of an enterprise. This system, which came to replace collective farming, maintained public ownership of land and some of the means of production, but made production the responsibility of households. Households still had to contribute to state quotas but could make their own decisions about what to plant on contracted land and could sell via a multi-tier price system that included the lowest price for payment to the state up until the quota, a higher rate for above-quota sales to the state, and market price for crops allowed to be sold at fairs.
Southern Metropolitan Region
Southern Metropolitan Region  is one of the eight electoral regions of Victoria, Australia, which elects five members to the Victorian Legislative Council (also referred to as the upper house) by proportional representation. The region was created in 2006 following the 2005 reform of the Victorian Legislative Council.

The region comprises the Legislative Assembly districts of Albert Park, Ashwood, Bentleigh, Brighton, Caulfield, Hawthorn, Kew, Malvern, Oakleigh, Prahran and Sandringham. The region covers most of the wealthiest areas of Melbourne, with only a few traditional Labor areas (Oakleigh being the only historically safe Labor seat).

Electoral regions of Victoria
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, the upper house of the Parliament of the Australian State of Victoria, are elected from eight multi-member electorates called regions. The Legislative Council has 40 members, five from each of the eight regions.

The boundaries of the electoral regions were last drawn in 2021.
Emmanuel-Joseph Bailly de Surcy
Emmanuel-Joseph Bailly de Surcy (née Emmanuel-Joseph Bailly; 1794–1861) was a French printer and journalist. He played an active role in the Catholic revival in 19th-century France and dedicated his life to Catholic activism and pedagogy.

Assumptionists
The Assumptionists, formally known as the Congregation of the Augustinians of the Assumption (Latin: Congregatio Augustinianorum ab Assumptione; abbreviated AA), is a worldwide congregation of Catholic priests and brothers. It is active in many countries.  The French branch played a major role in French political and social history in the 19th century.
Dinny Allen
Denis 'Dinny' Allen (born 9 August 1952) is a retired Gaelic football manager and former dual player. He played both hurling and Gaelic football with his local club Nemo Rangers and was a member of the Cork senior inter-county teams in both codes from 1972 until 1989. Allen is regarded as one of the greatest Gaelic footballers of all time.

1983–84 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
The 1983–84 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship was the 14th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1970-71.

Portlaoise were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten in the Laois County Championship.

On 12 February 1984, Nemo Rangers won the championship following a 2–10 to 0–05 defeat of Walterstown in the All-Ireland final at Páirc Chiaráin. This was their fourth championship title overall and their first title since 1982.
George Washington's reception at Trenton
George Washington's reception at Trenton was a celebration hosted by the Ladies of Trenton social club on April 21, 1789, in Trenton, New Jersey, as George Washington, then president-elect, journeyed from his home at Mount Vernon to his first inauguration in the then capital of the United States, New York City. A ceremonial triumphal arch was erected on the bridge over the Assunpink Creek to commemorate his two victories here, the Battle of Trenton on December 26, 1776 and the Battle of the Assunpink Creek on January 2, 1777.

Kurz and Allison
Kurz and Allison were a major publisher of chromolithographs in the late 19th century. Based at 267-269 Wabash Avenue in Chicago, they built their reputation on large prints published in the mid-1880s depicting battles of the American Civil War. A set of 36 battle scenes were published from designs by Louis Kurz (1835–1921), himself a veteran of the war. Kurz, a native of Salzburg, Austria, emigrated to the United States in 1848.

While the prints were highly inaccurate and considered naive fantasies like Currier and Ives prints, they were still sought after. They did not pretend to mirror the actual events but rather attempted to tap people's patriotic emotions. When the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898, the company created several large prints of the major battles and of the subsequent campaign of the Philippine–American War. Later conflicts such as the Russo-Japanese War were also illustrated by the company.
Somon, Tajikistan
Somon (Tajik: Сомон, Russian: Сомон, formerly Khonaqoh) is a jamoat in Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Hisor in Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 28,691 (2015).

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
1930–31 Netherlands Football League Championship
The Netherlands Football League Championship 1930–1931 was contested by 50 teams participating in five divisions. The national champion would be determined by a play-off featuring the winners of the eastern, northern, southern and two western football divisions of the Netherlands. AFC Ajax won this year's championship by beating Feijenoord, PSV Eindhoven, Go Ahead and Velocitas 1897.

SC Telstar
Sportclub Telstar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈspɔrtklʏp ˈtɛlstɑr]), commonly known simply as Telstar, is a Dutch professional football club based in Velsen-Zuid, North Holland. Nicknamed the Witte Leeuwen ("White Lions") for their all‑white home strip, the team competes in the Eredivisie, the highest tier of the Dutch football league system, having secured promotion via the 2024–25 play‑offs—their first top‑flight appearance since 1978.

Founded on 17 July 1963 through the merger of the professional sections of local rivals VSV and Stormvogels, the new club was named after the recently launched communications satellite Telstar 1. Telstar play their home matches at Sportpark Schoonenberg, branded the BUKO Stadion for sponsorship purposes, a compact all‑seater ground that has a capacity of 6,000. Since formation the team have taken to the field to the Tornados' instrumental "Telstar", a tradition that underlines their link with the satellite and remains a distinctive feature of match days.
Quantum spacetime
In mathematical physics, the concept of quantum spacetime is a generalization of the usual concept of spacetime in which some variables that ordinarily commute are assumed not to commute and form a different Lie algebra. The choice of that algebra varies from one theory to another. As a result of this change, some variables that are usually continuous may become discrete. Often only such discrete variables are called "quantized"; usage varies.

The idea of quantum spacetime was proposed in the early days of quantum theory by Heisenberg and Ivanenko as a way to eliminate infinities from quantum field theory. The germ of the idea passed from Heisenberg to Rudolf Peierls, who noted that electrons in a magnetic field can be regarded as moving in a quantum spacetime, and to Robert Oppenheimer, who carried it to Hartland Snyder, who published the first concrete example. Snyder's Lie algebra was made simple by C. N. Yang in the same year.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Erythronium americanum
Erythronium americanum, the trout lily, yellow trout lily, fawn lily, yellow adder's-tongue, or yellow dogtooth violet, is a species of perennial, colony forming, spring ephemeral flower native to North America and dwelling in woodland habitats. Within its range it is a very common and widespread species, especially in eastern North America. The common name "trout lily" refers to the appearance of its gray-green leaves mottled with brown or gray, which allegedly resemble the coloring of brook trout.

The range is from Labrador south to Georgia, west to Mississippi, and north to Minnesota.

Ephemeral plant
An ephemeral plant is a plant with a very short life cycle or very short period of active growth, often one that grows only during brief periods when conditions are favorable. Several types of ephemeral plants exist. The first, spring ephemeral, refers to plants that emerge quickly in the spring and die back to their underground parts after a short growth and reproduction phase. Desert ephemerals are plants which are adapted to take advantage of the short wet periods in arid climates. Mud-flat ephemerals take advantage of short periods of low water. In areas subjected to recurring human disturbance, such as plowing, weedy ephemerals are very short-lived plants whose entire life cycle takes less than a growing season. In each case, the species has a life cycle timed to exploit a short period when resources are freely available. An evergreen plant could be considered the opposite of an ephemeral plant.
Logistics UK
Logistics UK, formerly the Freight Transport Association (FTA) is one of the largest trade associations in the UK, with members moving goods by road, rail, sea, and air. Its mission is to represent the views and interests of over 18,000 companies from the transport industry: from large multinationals and household names to small and medium businesses. Logistics UK is based in Tunbridge Wells.

Logistics UK policy is decided by its members from all modes, through its quarterly regional and national councils. National Councils comprise the British Shippers Council, the Rail Freight Council, the Road Freight Council, and the Freight Council.

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
Air Force Systems Command
The Air Force Systems Command (AFSC) is an inactive United States Air Force Major Command. It was established in April 1951, being split off from Air Materiel Command. The mission of AFSC was Research and Development for new weapons systems.

AFSC took on engineering functions which formerly resided in the Air Materiel Command (AMC), the Army Air Forces Technical Service Command, and the Air Technical Service Command (ATSC) as a separate research and development command in 1950.  It incorporated Air Proving Ground Command in 1957. On 1 July 1992, AFSC and Air Force Logistics Command were merged to form the Air Force Materiel Command, located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.

In the reorganization of 1961, Air Force Systems Command acquired the materiel procurement function from Air Force Logistics Command. It was re-integrated with Air Force Logistics Command in 1992.

Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar
The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar (Navy and Marine Corps designation R4Q) is an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute. The first C-119 made its initial flight in November 1947, and by the time production ceased in 1955, more than 1,100 had been built.
1947 Avianca Douglas DC-4 crash
On February 15, 1947, an Avianca Douglas DC-4 registered C-114 crashed into Mount El Tablazo en route from Barranquilla to Bogotá, Colombia, killing all 53 people on board.

Mount El Tablazo was shrouded in fog when, at 12:18 local time, the aircraft crashed into it at an elevation of about 10,500 feet. The cause of the crash was determined to be pilot error, with the crew deviating from the designated airway and flying below a safe altitude.

At the time, the crash was the worst commercial airline crash in history,  eventually matched by the crash of Eastern Air Lines Flight 605 near Baltimore three months later.  Several Colombian professional soccer players from Barranquilla perished in the crash, including Romelio Martínez, after whom Barranquilla's municipal stadium was renamed years later.

Eastern Air Lines Flight 605
Eastern Air Lines Flight 605 was a domestic flight in the US from Newark to Miami on May 30, 1947. The flight crashed near Bainbridge, Maryland, causing the deaths of all 53 passengers and crew on board in what was then the worst disaster in the history of North American commercial aviation.
Collin (District Electoral Area)
Collin is one of the ten district electoral areas (DEA) in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The district elects six members to Belfast City Council and contains the wards of Dunmurry; Ladybrook; Lagmore; Poleglass; Twinbrook and Stewartstown. Collin, along with neighbouring Black Mountain and most of the Court District Electoral Area, forms the greater part of the Belfast West constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

The DEA was created for the 2014 local elections, combining parts of the Upper Falls DEA, which had existed since 1985, with parts of the abolished Dunmurry Cross DEA from Lisburn City Council.

Court (District Electoral Area)
Court is one of the ten district electoral areas (DEA) in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Located in the north and west of the city, the district elects six members to Belfast City Council and contains the wards of Ballygomartin, Clonard, Falls, Forth River, Shankill, and Woodvale. Court is split between the Belfast North and Belfast West constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.
2019–20 Czech National Football League
The 2019–20 Czech National Football League (known as the Fortuna národní liga for sponsorship reasons) was the 27th season of the Czech Republic's second tier football league. Fixtures for the season were announced on 19 June 2019. Pardubice won the competition, while relegation was confirmed for Sokolov and Vítkovice.

Třinec returned positive COVID-19 tests in June 2020, resulting in an enforced 14-day quarantine for their team and the postponement of three of their matches. Their home match against Vlašim, which Třinec lost on 17 July 2020, was subsequently played three days after the rest of the league had finished.

Czech National Football League
The Czech National Football League (Czech: Fotbalová národní liga, FNL), known as Chance Národní Liga due to sponsorship reasons, is the second level professional association football league in the Czech Republic. Before 2013 it was known as 2. liga or Druhá liga. The top team each season is eligible for promotion to the Czech First League, while the second and third placed teams enter play offs for possible promotion.

The league replaced the I.ČNL (I. Česká národní liga; First Czech National League), which had been established following the end of the nationwide Czechoslovak Second League in 1977. The league became known as simply II. liga (Second League) in 1993 following the establishment of the Czech Republic as an independent state.
Içara
Içara is a city in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. It is located 170 km south of Florianópolis, the state capital and around 890 km south of São Paulo. It is the Brazilian capital of the honey and tobacco industries, but is also very strong in plastic, ceramic tiles and chemicals.

Nearby cities are Siderópolis, Cocal do Sul, Morro da Fumaça, Maracajá, Araranguá, Nova Veneza, Forquilhinha and Criciuma.

Several small towns lie around Içara forming a metropolitan area of 250 thousand people. The most important are:

Criciuma (larger city)

Urussanga

Nova Veneza

Nova Trento

Siderópolis

Orleans

Araranguá

Timbe do Sul

Forquilhinha
Forquilhinha is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. In 2020, it had a population of 27,211 inhabitants. It covers an area of 184,557 km2 at an altitude of 42 meters above sea level. It is the native town of cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arns and his sister Zilda Arns.

The city is served by Diomício Freitas Airport.
Taman Army
The Taman Army (Russian: Таманская армия) was an armed group within the Red Army, operating in the south of Russia during the Russian Civil War. It existed from August 27, 1918 to February 1919. The name derives from the Taman Peninsula, where the army was formed.

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.