hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Swedish Open
The 2011 Swedish Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2011 ATP World Tour and 2011 WTA Tour. It took place in Båstad, Sweden, from 4 July through 10 July 2011 for women's and from 11 July through 17 July 2011 for men's. It was also known as 2011 Collector Swedish Open for the Women's and 2011 SkiStar Swedish Open for the Men's for sponsorship reasons. It was the 3rd edition for the Women's, while the 64th for the Men's.

2011 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for women's professional tennis organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 2011 WTA Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (sanctioned by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments, the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the Commonwealth Bank Tournament of Champions and the WTA Championships.
Maritime Polynesian Pidgin
Maritime Polynesian Pidgin was a Polynesian-based pidgin that was the main contact language for European exploratory and whaling expeditions to the Pacific during the 18th-19th centuries. It would later be supplanted in that role by Pidgin English, which developed after the 1870s.

According to Drechsel (2014), some segments of the Tahitian, Māori and Hawaiian languages were grammatically similar and mutually intelligible. With European exploration, these forms would have merged into a regional contact language that would later be used for trade with Polynesian populations, and also on board ships, between European and Polynesian members of the crews, in preference to English.

Contact language
A contact language is a language developed spontaneously by two (or more) populations, each initially speaking their own language, as they come into regular contact and find ways to communicate together – whether for trade or other reasons.

Contact languages have varying degrees of complexity, depending on the duration and intensity of social relations between the two groups. They may range from basic trade languages with limited vocabulary, to fully-fledged language systems, known as pidgins and creoles.

When the resulting language shows a rough balance between elements of both original languages, it is labelled a hybrid or mixed language. When the contact language results from the merger of dialects that were already close to begin with, the resulting contact language is known as a koiné.
Gariwangsan
Gariwangsan (Korean: 가리왕산) is a mountain between the counties of Jeongseon and Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province, South Korea. It has an elevation of 1,560.6 m (5,120 ft).

A skiing area hosted skiing events for the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang County.

Jeongseon County
Jeongseon (Jeongseon-gun) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea. It is famous as the hometown of "Jeongseon Arirang," a traditional Korean folksong.  It is also the hometown of actor Won Bin and footballer Seol Ki-hyeon.
Sophie d'Artois
Sophie d'Artois (5 August 1776 – 5 December 1783) was a member of the House of Bourbon as the elder daughter and second child of and Charles X of France, the then Count of Artois, and Maria Theresa of Savoy.

Fils de France
Fils de France (French pronunciation: [fis də fʁɑ̃s], Son of France) was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France (French pronunciation: [fij də fʁɑ̃s], Daughter of France).

The children of the dauphin (a title reserved for the king's heir apparent, whether son, grandson or great-grandson of the monarch) were accorded the same style and status as if they were the king's children instead of his grandchildren or great-grandchildren.
Women in archaeology
Women in archaeology is an aspect of the history of archaeology and the topic of women in science more generally. In the nineteenth century women were discouraged from pursuing interests in archaeology, however throughout the twentieth century participation and recognition of expertise increased. However women in archaeology face discrimination based on their gender and many face harassment in the workplace.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Love & Ponystep
Love & Ponystep is the twenty-first studio album by American electronic musician Vylet Pony (Zelda Trixie Lulamoon), self-released on July 11, 2025 by Lulamoon under her independent vanity label Horse Friends Music / 32.7 The Creek. It was inspired heavily by electronic dance music, brostep, and electropop, including extensive sampling from video games and internet media from the 2010s. The album explores themes of Internet culture, criticism of copyright, and self-acceptance within an allegorical story mirroring the experience of Lulamoon to My Little Pony-inspired original characters (also known as ponysonas).

Ponysona
A ponysona (/ˌpoʊniˈsoʊnə/ ⓘ POH-nee-SOH-nə; a portmanteau of pony and persona) is a personalized pony character created by bronies—fans of the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic—as an alter ego. Similar to fursonas in the furry fandom, ponysonas typically incorporate elements of the creator's personality, physical characteristics, or interests translated into My Little Pony form. The practice became popular following the show's premiere in 2010 and the subsequent growth of the brony fandom. Ponysonas are commonly used as profile pictures, in fan art, fan fiction, and role-playing communities across various social media platforms and forums dedicated to the franchise.: 92–93
Wargaming Seattle
Wargaming Seattle, formerly known as Gas Powered Games, was a video game developer located in Redmond, Washington. The development studio was started in May 1998 by Chris Taylor and several other ex-Cavedog Entertainment employees. In 2013 they became the Seattle studio of Wargaming. Wargaming Seattle was closed down in July 2018.

Xbox Game Studios
Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Studios, Microsoft Game Studios, and Microsoft Games) is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, web-based portals, and other game consoles.

Xbox Game Studios, alongside ZeniMax Media and Activision Blizzard, are part of the Microsoft Gaming division led by Phil Spencer, who is chief executive officer of the division.
Belsize, Hertfordshire
Belsize is a hamlet in Sarratt civil parish, Three Rivers District, Hertfordshire, England, situated less than a mile from Chipperfield and Sarratt.

Belsize was given the award of Hertfordshire's best-kept hamlet in both 1989 and 1996.

Sarratt
Sarratt is both a village and a civil parish in Three Rivers District, Hertfordshire, England. It is situated  4 miles (6.4 km) north of Rickmansworth on high ground near the county boundary with Buckinghamshire. The chalk stream, the River Chess, rising just north of Chesham in the Chiltern Hills, passes through Sarratt Bottom in the valley to the west of the village to join the River Colne in Rickmansworth. The conditions offered by the river are perfect for the cultivation of watercress. Sarratt has the only commercially operating watercress farm in Hertfordshire. The valley to the east of Sarratt is dry.
Llwynywermod
Llwynywermod (Welsh: Llwynywermwd; Welsh pronunciation: [ɬʊi̯n.ə.wɛr.mʊd]), also known as Llwynywormwood, is an estate owned by the Duchy of Cornwall, just outside the Brecon Beacons National Park in Carmarthenshire, Wales. The 192-acre (0.78 km2) estate is near the village of Myddfai, Llandovery, Carmarthenshire.

The nearest station is Llandovery, which is 2 miles (3.2km) from the estate.

Myddfai
Myddfai (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a small village and community in Carmarthenshire, Wales.  It is situated south of Llandovery in the Brecon Beacons, and has a population of 415, decreasing to 398 at the 2011 census.

The village is a popular tourist destination on the western edge of the Brecon Beacons, famous for the history and heritage of the Physicians of Myddfai and the legend of ‘The Lady of The Lake’ and provides a central location to visit a wide range of interesting places, such as gardens, castles and The Heart of Wales Railway.

The community is bordered by the communities of: Llanddeusant; Llangadog; Llansadwrn; Llanwrda; Llandovery; and Llanfair-ar-y-bryn, all being in Carmarthenshire; and by Llywel in Powys.
Jean Hébert
Jean Hébert (born November 11, 1957, in Quebec City) is a Canadian chess player, writer, journalist, and commentator who holds the ICCF title of Correspondence Chess Grandmaster and the FIDE title of International Master. The winner of the Canadian Chess Championship in 1978 and 2009, he also tied for the title in 2007, but lost in playoffs. He represented Canada at the 1979 Interzonal tournament as well as seven times at Chess Olympiads. He also took part in the Chess World Cup 2009, but was knocked out by Peter Svidler in the first round. In 2022, Hébert won the Canadian Seniors' Championship.

Igor Ivanov (chess player)
Igor Vasilyevich Ivanov (January 8, 1947 – November 17, 2005) was a Russian-born chess grandmaster who defected from the Soviet Union to Canada in 1980. A four-time winner of the Canadian chess championship, he represented Canada at an interzonal tournament for the world chess championship and was a Canadian team member at two Chess Olympiads.  He also was a nine-time US Grand Prix chess champion.
Bandpur
Bandpur is a village located in the Khekra tehsil of Indian Bagpat district.

It is located about 3.5 km from the New Delhi-Saharanpur highway. Nearby villages are Katha, Harchandpur, Bada Gaon and Sunehra. Bandpur is connected to Khekra by a road and is connected to Katha by a Khcha road (Kharanja). Sunehra is a station on the Delhi-Saharanpur railway Line.

Bada Gaon
Rawan Urf Bada Gaon is a village near Khekra, a town in the district of Bagpat, Uttar Pradesh. It is famous for Maa Mansa Devi Temple, This Temple was established by Ravana. It is historic and one of the oldest temple in baghpat. It is also famous for Digambar Jain Mandir. In Bada Gaon, the people of Bada Gaon doesn't burn the statue of Ravan because Bada Gaon was settled by Ravan.

Its proximity to Delhi, has made it a prominent religious site.  It is roughly about 29 km from Dilshad Garden (East Delhi) and one can go from either State Highway 57 or Loni-Bhopura Road.
Miss World 1961
Miss World 1961 was the 11th Miss World pageant, held at the Lyceum Ballroom, London, United Kingdom, on 9 November 1961. Thirty-seven candidates competed in that pageant. The winner was Rosemarie Frankland, representing the United Kingdom.

Miss World
Miss World is the oldest existing international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's widow, Julia Morley, has chaired the pageant. Along with Miss Universe, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The current Miss World is Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand who was crowned on 31 May 2025 in Hyderabad, India.
International Enterprise Singapore
International Enterprise Singapore (IE Singapore) was a statutory board under the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Government of Singapore. It facilitated the growth of Singapore-based companies overseas and promoted international trade. On 1 April 2018, IE Singapore merged with SPRING Singapore to form Enterprise Singapore.

Ministry of Trade and Industry (Singapore)
The Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI; Malay: Kementerian Perdagangan dan Perusahaan; Chinese: 新加坡贸易与工业部; Tamil: வர்த்தக, தொழில் அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the development of business, trade and industry in Singapore.
The Mercury Wonder Show
The Mercury Wonder Show for Service Men was a 1943 magic-and-variety stage show by the Mercury Theatre, produced by Orson Welles and Joseph Cotten as a morale-boosting entertainment for US soldiers in World War II. Directed by Welles, the show starred Welles ("Orson the Magnificent"), Cotten ("Jo-Jo the Great"), Agnes Moorehead ("Calliope Aggie") and Rita Hayworth, whose part was later filled by Marlene Dietrich. Jean Gabin also worked on the show backstage, as a propman. The show ran to 150 minutes.

CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.
2013 Prosperita Open
The 2013 Prosperita Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ostrava, Czech Republic between 29 April and 5 May 2013.

Prosperita Open
The Ostra Group Open, formerly known as Prosperita Open, is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held annually in Ostrava, Czech Republic, since 2004.

Pavel Šnobel and Sergiy Stakhovsky have won two doubles titles each. Stakhovsky won his second doubles title 13 years after his first win.

Jan Hájek, Stéphane Robert, and Andrey Kuznetsov won both singles and doubles title the same year.
Political moderate
Moderate is an ideological category which designates a rejection of radical or extreme views, especially in regard to politics and religion. In American politics, "moderate" is an ideological category which entails centrist views on a liberal–conservative spectrum.

Centrism by country
Centrism is a political ideology associated with moderate politics placed between left-wing politics and right-wing politics on the left–right political spectrum. Various centrist movements have developed in different countries and regions, based on the specific country and region's political environment.
Deformation (volcanology)
In volcanology, deformation refers to the change in the shape of a volcano or the surrounding landscape due to the movement of magma. This can be in the form of inflation, which is a response to pressurization, or deflation, which is a response to depressurization. Inflation is represented by swelling of the ground surface, a volcanic edifice, or a subsurface magma body. It can be caused by magma accumulation, exsolution of volatiles, geothermal processes, heating, and tectonic compression. Deflation is represented by shrinking of the ground surface, a volcanic edifice, or a subsurface magma body. It can be caused by magma withdrawal (related to intrusion or eruption), volatile escape, thermal contraction, phase changes during crystallization, and tectonic extension. Deformation is a key indicator of pre-eruptive unrest at many active volcanoes, but deformation signals must be used in combination with other eruption indicators for forecasting reliability.

Volatile (astrogeology)
Volatiles are the group of chemical elements and chemical compounds that can be readily vaporized. In contrast with volatiles, elements and compounds that are not readily vaporized are known as refractory substances.

On planet Earth, the term often refers to the volatile components of magma. In astrogeology, volatiles are investigated in the crust or atmosphere of a planet or moon. Volatiles include hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, halogens, noble gases and others.
Virginia's 30th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 30th House of Delegates district elects one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 30 includes all of Orange County and Madison County and part of Culpeper County, Virginia. The district had been represented by Democrat John McAuliff since 2026. His predecessor was Republican Geary Higgins.

Culpeper County, Virginia
Culpeper County is a United States county located in the north-central part of the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington, DC–MD–VA–WV–PA Combined Statistical Area, and its population was 52,552 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is the town of Culpeper.

Culpeper County was created in 1749, and its first county surveyor was a young George Washington.  The county and its residents played notable roles in America's early wars, including raising the Culpeper Minutemen, a militia that fought in both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War.
Nikolai Kabak
Nikolai Panteleyevich Kabak (Russian: Николай Пантелеевич Кабак; 3 May 1904 – 27 June 1979) was a Red Army sergeant and Hero of the Soviet Union. He was  awarded the title for reportedly ferrying troops and equipment during the Battle of the Dnieper in October 1943. Postwar, Kabak was chairman of the local village council and worked for a brick factory and a shipping company.

Yermakovsky District
Yermakovsky District (Russian: Ермако́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai and borders with Karatuzsky District in the northeast, the Tuva Republic in the east and south, and with Shushensky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 17,652 square kilometers (6,815 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yermakovskoye. Population: 20,918 (2010 Census); 23,202 (2002 Census); 23,043 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yermakovskoye accounts for 40.9% of the district's total population.
HandPicked
HandPicked is a studio album by jazz guitarist Earl Klugh released on July 30, 2013. This is Klugh's first album of new material since he released The Spice of Life in 2008 and it is also his first for the Heads Up label. The album features Klugh playing solo guitar arrangements on 13 of the 16 songs in a style similar to his earlier albums Solo Guitar and Naked Guitar. On the remaining three tracks, Klugh plays duets with guitarist Bill Frisell, ukulele player Jake Shimabukuro, and guitarist and vocalist Vince Gill.

Naked Guitar
Naked Guitar is a solo-guitar studio album by Earl Klugh released in 2005. The album received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Instrumental Album at the 48th Grammy Awards in 2006. After six years of studio absence, Klugh returned to the studio and released a fingerstyle jazz album similar to his 1989 release "Solo Guitar". Naked Guitar is the first album to be recorded by Klugh on the Koch Records label. It features solo interpretations of 13 standards and pop classics, as well as the song "Angelina", a tune from Klugh's self-titled 1976 solo debut album that he wrote in 1971.
Richardson Wildland Provincial Park
Richardson Wildland Park is a wildland provincial park in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, northern Alberta, Canada. It was established 14 May 2018 and has an area of 312,068 hectares (1,204.90 sq mi). Two previous parks, Maybelle River Wildland Provincial Park and Richardson River Dunes Wildland Provincial Park, established in 1998, were disestablished on 14 May 2018 and the area was incorporated into Richardson Wildland Park. The park is within the Lower Athabasca Region Land Use Framework and managed within the Lower Athabasca Regional Plan.

Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo
The Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo (abbreviated RMWB) is a specialized municipality in northeast Alberta, Canada. It is the largest regional municipality in Canada by area, covering 105,650.88 square kilometres (40,792.03 sq mi); this number includes the Wood Buffalo National Park of Canada. It is home to oil sand deposits known as the Athabasca oil sands.
Badarpur Junction railway station
Badarpur Railway Station serves the Indian city of Badarpur in Assam. It belongs to Lumding railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway of India. It is located at Cachar district in the state of Assam. It is one of the oldest station of India built in 1898. The Station connects Badarpur to other regions of Barak Valley as well as  many parts of India. Badarpur railway station is also the largest and most important railway station in Barak valley and south Assam region.

Lumding railway division
Lumding railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 May 1969, with its headquarter located at Lumding in the state of Assam.

Katihar railway division, Alipurduar railway division, Tinsukia railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
NGC 3535
NGC 3535 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Leo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 7,289±25 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 350.7 ± 24.6 Mly (107.51 ± 7.54 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 18 April 1784.

According to the SIMBAD database, NGC 3535 is a radio galaxy, i.e. it has giant regions of radio emission extending well beyond its visible structure.

Leo (constellation)
Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ is one of the constellations of the zodiac, between Cancer, the Crab, to the west and Virgo, the Maiden, to the east. It is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for lion, and to the ancient Greeks represented the Nemean Lion killed by the mythical Greek hero Heracles as one of his twelve labors. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♌︎). One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Leo remains one of the 88 modern constellations today, and one of the most easily recognizable due to its many bright stars and a distinctive shape that is reminiscent of the crouching lion it depicts.
Examples of vector spaces
This page lists some examples of vector spaces. See vector space for the definitions of terms used on this page. See also: dimension, basis.

Notation. Let F denote an arbitrary field such as the real numbers R or the complex numbers C.

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.