hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Napa Valley Wine Train
The Napa Valley Wine Train is a privately operated excursion train that runs between Napa and St. Helena, California.  Much of the rail line parallels State Route 29 after leaving the City of Napa and passes the towns of Yountville, Rutherford and Oakville.  The route passes by many of the region's vineyards and wineries located in Napa County. The Wine Train is operated by the Napa Valley Railroad (reporting mark NVRR).

Napa, California
Napa is the largest city in and the county seat of Napa County and a principal city of Wine Country in Northern California, United States. Located in the North Bay region of the Bay Area, the city had a population of 76,921 as of the July, 2024. Napa is a major tourist destination in California, known for its wineries, restaurants, and arts culture.
Fencing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's sabre
The men's sabre was one of eight fencing events on the fencing at the 1992 Summer Olympics programme. It was the twenty-second appearance of the event. The competition was held on 2 August 1992. 44 fencers from 19 nations competed. Nations had been limited to three fencers each since 1928. The event was won by Bence Szabó of Hungary, the nation's first victory in the men's sabre since 1964 (the last of its nine-Games winning streak) and 12th overall. Marco Marin took silver while Jean-François Lamour finished with the bronze. Lamour, who had won gold in 1984 and 1988, was unable to win a third title but still became only the second man with three medals in the event (after Aladár Gerevich earned one of each color in 1936, 1948, and 1952). Marin had also finished second in 1984; he was the 12th man with multiple medals in the sabre.

Fencing at the 1992 Summer Olympics
At the 1992 Summer Olympics, eight fencing events were contested. Men competed in both individual and team events for each of the three weapon types (épée, foil and sabre), but women competed only in foil events.
Sodium nitrate
Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula NaNO3. This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which were historically mined in Chile) to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate. The mineral form is also known as nitratine, nitratite or soda niter.

Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water. It is a readily available source of the nitrate anion (NO3−), which is useful in several reactions carried out on industrial scales for the production of fertilizers, pyrotechnics, smoke bombs and other explosives, glass and pottery enamels, food preservatives (esp. meats), and solid rocket propellant. It has been mined extensively for these purposes.

Preservative
A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation entails processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservative food additives reduce the risk of foodborne infections, decrease microbial spoilage, and preserve fresh attributes and nutritional quality.  Some physical techniques for food preservation include dehydration, UV-C radiation, freeze-drying, and refrigeration. Chemical preservation and physical preservation techniques are sometimes combined.
Devauden
Devauden (Welsh: Y Dyfawden) is a village and community in Monmouthshire, southeast Wales. It is located between Chepstow and Monmouth near the top of the Trellech ridge on the B4293 road. The community covers an area of 3,790 hectares (14.6 sq mi), and includes the villages of Itton and Wolvesnewton, Llanfihangel-tor-y-mynydd and Newchurch.

Trellech
Trellech (occasionally spelt Trelech, Treleck or Trelleck; Welsh: Tryleg) is a village and parish in Monmouthshire, south-east Wales. Located 5 miles (8 km) south of Monmouth and 4 miles (6.4 km) north-north-west of Tintern, Trellech lies on a plateau above the Wye Valley on the southern fringes of 320 acres (130 ha) of woodland in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Three Bronze Age standing stones are situated in the village, known as Harold's Stones, which overlook the historic church of St Nicholas, a Grade I listed building.

Although a relatively small village in modern times, it was one of the largest towns in Wales in the 13th century, and is now a site of archaeological interest to determine its extent and role at that time. The village is designated as a conservation area.

There are four nature reserves nearby; New Grove Flower Meadow, noted for its orchids, and Trellech Beacon are both owned by Gwent Wildlife Trust while Cleddon Bog and Croes Robert Wood are both SSSIs.
Hastein
Hastein (Old Norse: Hásteinn, also recorded as Hastingus, Anstign, Haesten, Hæsten, Hæstenn or Hæsting and alias Alsting) was a Viking chieftain of the late 9th century who made several raiding voyages.

Dudo of Saint-Quentin
Dudo, or Dudon, was a Picard historian, and dean of Saint-Quentin, where he was born in the 960s. He was an erudite scholar and he likely acquired his education in Liège or perhaps Laon. By 987, Dudo had become a canon at St Quentin, the abbacy of which was held by the counts of Vermandois. In that year he was sent on a diplomatic mission to Richard I of Normandy by Albert I, Count of Vermandois, which was successful. Dudo became a frequent visitor to the Norman court in the two years prior to Richard's death in 996. In a letter to Adalbero, Bishop of Laon, Dudo said that, as a result, Richard asked him to write a work recording "the customs and deeds of the Norman Land, the rights established within the kingdom of his grandfather Rollo". During a second stay in Normandy, Dudo wrote his history of the Normans, a task which Duke Richard had urged him to undertake. Very little else is known about his life, except that he died before 1043.
2020–21 Greek Football Cup
The 2020–21 Greek Football Cup was the 79th edition of the Greek Football Cup. It took place with the participation of the 14 clubs from the Super League 1, as there was no competitive action in the lower divisions (Super League 2, Football League and Gamma Ethniki) until early January due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Hellenic Football Federation decided that the Cup would be held with the participation of teams only from the Super League, which was running normally. The winner of the Cup qualified for the next season's Europa Conference League third qualifying round.

2020–21 Super League Greece 2
The 2020–21 Super League 2 was the second season of the Super League 2, the second-tier Greek professional league for association football clubs, since restructuring of the Greek football league system.

Season's start has been delayed due to the COVID-19 second lockdown in Greece that began in November 2020 and started on 16 January 2021.
First Lady of Sierra Leone
The title First Lady of Sierra Leone is held by the female spouse of the president of Sierra Leone. The first lady is a representative of the people of Sierra Leone at home and abroad. The Office of the First Lady is an extension of State House and is responsible for social events and ceremonies at State Lodge. The First Lady’s Office is not established by an act of parliament and cannot receive government funding.

Since 1971, Sierra Leone has had six first ladies. The first was Rebecca Stevens, wife of former president Siaka Stevens, who remained at her family's private residence at 1 King Harmon Road while her husband lived at State House and Kabasa Lodge.

Isata Jabbie Kabbah
Isata Jabbie Kabbah is a Sierra Leonean politician. She is president of the All Political Parties Women Association, APPWA. She is the widow of the 3rd President of Sierra Leone, Ahmed Tejan Kabbah.

She is the former women’s leader of the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP).

On 11 May 2008, she married Ahmed Tejan Kabbah, then President of Sierra Leone, 38 years her senior (for he was an elderly widower with adult children and grandchildren, and she was never married at the time of their marriage).
2021 South Sandwich Islands earthquakes
The 2021 South Sandwich Islands earthquakes were a pair of powerful earthquakes, followed by many strong aftershocks which struck along the South Sandwich Trench in August 2021. The quakes measured 7.5 and 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale, according to the United States Geological Survey. The mainshock is tied with another event in 1929 as the largest earthquake ever recorded in the South Atlantic region, and is tied with the 2021 Kermadec Islands earthquake as the second largest earthquake of 2021.

Outer trench swell
The outer trench swell, outer trench high, or outer rise is a subtle ridge on the seafloor near an oceanic trench, where a descending plate begins to flex and fault in preparation for its descent into the mantle at a subduction zone. The lithosphere is bent upwards by plate stresses, and is not in isostatic equilibrium (distinguish from the "outer ridge" of a forearc).
Siganus sutor
Siganus sutor, the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish ,whitespotted rabbitfish or African whitespotted rabbitfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae. It lives in Indo-Pacific coral reefs. It is endemic to the Indian Ocean, from Indonesia to Comoros. S. sutor is one of the commercial marine fishes, which is ubiquitously caught in Tanzania and the entire East African coast of the Indian Ocean. S. sutor is among the most common fish species in the marine fisheries of Kenya, and accounts for around 40% of the artisanal fishery landings. Various fishing gears are used to target the siganids, but basket traps are the preferred ones. It is one of the mangrove/seagrass-associated coral reef fishes. This species inhabits littoral areas, and its fin spines are venomous to humans.

Rabbitfish
Rabbitfishes or spinefoots, genus Siganus, are perciform fishes in the family Siganidae. It is the only extant genus in its family and has 29  species. In some now obsolete classifications, the species having prominent face stripes—colloquially called foxfaces–are in the genus Lo. Other species, such as the masked spinefoot (S. puellus), show a reduced form of the stripe pattern. Rabbitfishes are native to shallow waters in the Indo-Pacific, but S. luridus and S. rivulatus have become established in the eastern Mediterranean via Lessepsian migration. They are commercially important food fish, and can be used in the preparation of dishes such as bagoong.
Chicken curry
Chicken curry or curry/curried chicken is a South Asian dish originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is common in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent, Caribbean, Southeast Asia, Great Britain, and South Africa. A typical curry from the Indian subcontinent consists of chicken stewed in an onion- and tomato-based sauce, flavoured with ginger, garlic, tomato puree, chilli peppers and a variety of spices, often including turmeric, cumin, coriander, cinnamon, and cardamom. Outside of South Asia, chicken curry is often made with a pre-made spice mixture known as curry powder.

Curry powder
Curry powder is any of several spice mixes for curry, adapted from but not to be confused with garam masala in Indian cuisine. It was first sold by Indian merchants to British traders during the British Raj. The first commercial curry powder product was sold by Sorlie's Perfumery in London in 1784. Brands such as Crosse & Blackwell and Sharwood's were established late in the 18th century.
2015 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – Pool D
Pool D of the 2015 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Group III was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Group III of the 2015 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and bottom teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group II.

2015 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2015 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II zonal competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the seven teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2015 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II. The top two teams advanced to Group I, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Group III for the next year.
Mahakala omnogovae
Mahakala (from Sanskrit महाकाल, pronounced [mɐɦaːˈkaːlɐ]) is a genus of halszkaraptorine theropod dinosaur from the Campanian-age (about 80 million years ago) Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation of Ömnögovi, Mongolia. It is based on a partial skeleton found in the Gobi Desert. Mahakala was a small dromaeosaurid, and its skeleton shows features that are also found in early troodontids and avialans. Despite its late appearance, it is among the most basal dromaeosaurids. Its small size, and the small size of other basal deinonychosaurians, suggests that small size appeared before flight capability in birds. The genus is named for Mahakala, one of eight protector deities (dharmapalas) in Tibetan Buddhism.

Djadochta Formation
The Djadochta formation (sometimes transcribed and also known as Djadokhta, Djadokata, or Dzhadokhtskaya) is a highly fossiliferous geological formation in Central Asia, Gobi Desert, dating from the Late Cretaceous period, during the Campanian to the Maastrichtian. The type locality is the Bayn Dzak locality, famously known as the Flaming Cliffs. Reptile (including dinosaur) and mammal remains are among the fossils recovered from the formation.
Marty Lynch (Gaelic footballer)
Martin Lynch (1963 – 15 May 2023) was a Northern Irish athlete, Gaelic footballer and association footballer. At club level he played with Newry Mitchels and Newry Bosco, and also lined out at inter-county level with various Down teams.

Down Intermediate Football Championship
The Down Intermediate Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by mid-tier Down GAA clubs. The national media covers the competition.

Drumgath are the title holders, defeating Clann na Banna in the Final.
Kilmore Carols
The Kilmore Carols, sometimes also known as the Wexford Carols, is a cycle of traditional Irish Christmas carols sung each year in St. Mary's Church in the village of Kilmore, County Wexford, Ireland. Numbering thirteen in total, the carols are sung during the Twelve Days of Christmas. This tradition of carol singing at Kilmore is said to have begun in the mid-18th century and has continued up through the 21st century, forming a unique part of Christmas in Ireland. According to The Journal of Music, these carols form part of the "greatest body of Irish folk carols". Beginning in the late 20th century, several individual songs from the Kilmore Carols have been commercially recorded.

Revels
Revels is a contemporary series of American seasonal stage performances, incorporating singing, dancing, recitals, and theatrics loosely organized around a central theme or narrative. The folk-tradition-based performances started in 1957, were restarted in 1971, and now occur in multiple cities around the US.
Collmberg
Collmberg (Sorbian chołm - "Hill, mound“), regionally and colloquially called Collm, is the highest elevation in the  Nordsachsen district and of the Northwest Saxon Basin, situated 6 km west of Oschatz near the small village of Collm. Until the 19th Century it was also called Spielberg and has also been known as Oschatzer Collm.

Its height is 312.8 metres above sea level (NHN), although map data vary between 312 m and 318 m depending on the source. Collmberg is a landmark in Wermsdorf Forest.

Seismometer
A seismometer is an instrument that responds to ground displacement and shaking caused by quakes, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. They are usually combined with a timing device and a recording device to form a seismograph. The output of such a device—formerly recorded on paper (see picture) or film, now recorded and processed digitally—is a seismogram. Such data is used to locate and characterize earthquakes, and to study the internal structure of Earth.
1980 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1980 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 92nd staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship began on 5 April 1980 and ended on 14 September 1980.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 14 September 1980, St. Finbarr's won the championship following a 3-08 to 1-09 defeat of University College Cork in the final. This was their sixth championship title overall and their second title in succession.

Jamesie O'Callaghan of the St. Finbarr's club was the championship's top scorer with 7-28.

1979 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1979 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 91st staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship began on 11 April 1979 and ended on 21 October 1979.

Nemo Rangers entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Castlehaven at the semi-final stage.

On 21 October 1979, St. Finbarr's won the championship following a 3-14 to 2-07 defeat of Castlehaven in the final. This was their fifth championship title overall and their first title since 1976.

Castlehaven's T. J. O'Regan was the championship's top scorer with 2-23.
John Shebat
John Shebat (born February 17, 1997) is an American competition swimmer who specializes in backstroke, medley, and butterfly events. He is a gold medalist in the 4×100-meter medley relay from the 2019 World University Games in Naples, swimming the butterfly leg.

Shebat competed for the University of Texas at Austin from 2015 to 2019 where he was a 5-time NCAA champion, 3-time NCAA team champion, a 16-time All American, and the 2019 Big 12 Men's Swimmer of the Year. He is also an incumbent NCAA and U.S. Open record-holder in the 4×50-yard and 4×100-yard medley relays. As a professional swimmer, Shebat represented the Cali Condors in the International Swimming League's inaugural 2019 season.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Mining industry of Ghana
Mining in Ghana is a major contributor to the economy of Ghana, providing about 40% of its foreign exchange earnings as well as about 5.7% of its Gross Domestic Product. Gold dominates the mineral sector, contributing over 90% of total mineral exports. In 2019, Ghana overtook South Africa to become the largest gold producer in Africa, producing 142.4 metric tonnes of gold that year.

Ghana's mining sector produces minerals such as bauxite, manganese, natural gas, petroleum, salt, silver and diamonds. In 2020, the country produced approximately 1.16 million metric tons of bauxite, ranking it among Africa's top bauxite exporters. In recent years, Ghana has identified substantial lithium deposits.

Western Region (Ghana)
The Western region, located in south Ghana, spreads from the Ivory Coast (Comoé District) in the west to the Central region in the east, includes the capital and large twin city of Sekondi-Takoradi on the coast, coastal Axim, and a hilly inland area including Elubo. It includes Ghana's southernmost location, Cape Three Points, where crude oil was discovered in commercial quantities in June 2007. The region covers an area of 13,842 km2, and had a population of 2,060,585 at the 2021 Census. It has a coastline that stretches from South Ghana's border with the Ivory Coast to the boundary with the Central region on the east.
12th National Film Awards
The 12th National Film Awards, then known as State Awards for Films, presented by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India to felicitate the best of Indian Cinema released in 1964. Ceremony took place at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi on 31 May 1965 and awards were given by then Governor of Maharashtra, P. V. Cherian.

Starting with 12th National Film Awards, a new award was introduced at All India level for Best Story Writer. Also awards for films made in English and Kashmiri language are also considered for the President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film in the respective language at the regional level.

National Film Award for Best Children's Film
The National Film Award for Best Children's Film is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Golden Lotus (Swarna Kamal).

The award was instituted in 1954, at 1st National Film Awards and awarded annually for children's films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages; Hindi (28 Awards), Bengali and Kannada (7 Awards), Malayalam (6 each), English (5 Awards), Marathi (4 Awards), Tamil, Telugu, Odia and Assamese (1 each).
Omar Alam
Omar Alam (born 7 March 1985) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Jammu & Kashmir. He made his Twenty20 debut on 6 January 2016 in the 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. He made his List A debut for Jammu & Kashmir in the 2018–19 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 7 October 2018.

Jammu and Kashmir cricket team
The Jammu and Kashmir cricket team is a cricket team based in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, run by JKCA. It is in the Elite Group C of the Ranji Trophy. Its main home ground is the Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium in Srinagar, and it also plays at Gandhi Memorial Science College Ground in Jammu.
2018 Russian Super Cup
The 2018 Russian Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России) was the 16th annual Russian Super Cup match which was contested between the 2017–18 Russian Premier League champion, Lokomotiv Moscow, and the 2017–18 Russian Premier League runner-up, CSKA Moscow. 2017–18 Russian Cup winner FC Tosno was dissolved in the summer 2018 and was replaced by CSKA in the game.

CSKA Moscow won in extra time.

2017–18 Russian Premier League
The 2017–18 Russian Premier League was the 26th season of the premier football competition in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the 16th under the current Russian Premier League name. Spartak Moscow came into the season as the defending champions.
Maryland Legislative District 29
Maryland's Legislative District 29 is one of 47 districts in the state for the Maryland General Assembly. It covers parts of Calvert County and St. Mary's County. The district is divided into three sub-districts for the Maryland House of Delegates: District 29A, District 29B and District 29C.

Calvert County, Maryland
Calvert County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 92,783. Its county seat is Prince Frederick. The county's name is derived from the family name of the Barons of Baltimore, the proprietors of the English Colony of Maryland. Calvert County is included in the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria metropolitan statistical area. It occupies the Calvert Peninsula, which is bordered on the east by Chesapeake Bay and on the west by the Patuxent River. The county has one of the highest median household incomes in the United States. It is one of the older counties in Maryland, after St. Mary's, Kent, and Anne Arundel Counties. The county is part of the Southern Maryland region of the state.