hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judicial review in Scotland
Judicial review in Scotland is a part of United Kingdom constitutional law that functions within the framework of Scots administrative law.

The power of judicial review of all actions of governmental and private bodies in Scotland is held by the Court of Session. The procedure is governed by Chapter 58 of the Rules of Court.

Approximately 600 judicial review cases are raised every year, but most are settled by agreement with only a small minority having to be decided by the court.

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Durgamasura
Durgama (Sanskrit: दुर्गम, romanized: Durgamā, lit. 'impervious'), also called Durgamasura (Sanskrit: दुर्गमसुर), is an asura king in Hindu mythology. His legend is associated with the origin of the goddess Shakambhari.

Hiranyaksha
Hiranyaksha (Sanskrit: हिरण्याक्ष, lit. 'golden-eyed', IAST: Hiraṇyākṣa), also known as Hiranyanetra (Sanskrit: हिरण्यनेत्र) was an asura king  as per Hindu history. He is described to have submerged the earth and terrorised the three worlds. He was slain by the Varaha (wild boar) avatar of Vishnu, who rescued the earth goddess Bhumi and restored order to the earth.
2019 Fayetteville, North Carolina, mayoral election
The 2019 election for the Mayor of Fayetteville, North Carolina was held on November 5, 2019. Mayor Mitch Colvin, who was first elected in 2017, ran for re-election to a second term. No other candidate filed to run. Colvin was re-elected with 94.8% of the vote, with 5.2% of the vote going to various write-in candidates.

Fayetteville, North Carolina
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil, locally /ˈfɛdvəl/ FED-vəl) is a city in and the county seat of Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. Fort Bragg, a U.S. Army installation, is located in the city.

Fayetteville has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League four times. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 208,501. It is the 6th-most populous city in North Carolina. Fayetteville is in the Sandhills in the western part of the Coastal Plain region, on the Cape Fear River.

With an estimated population of 392,336 in 2023, the Fayetteville metropolitan area is the second-most populous city in southeastern North Carolina and the 142nd-most populous in the United States. Suburban areas of metro Fayetteville include Fort Bragg, Hope Mills, Spring Lake, Raeford, Pope Field, Rockfish, Stedman, and Eastover.
Pepin II, Count of Vermandois
Pepin II (845–893) was a Frankish count. He was a son of Pepin, Count of Vermandois and Valois and thus a grandson of Bernard of Italy, who was himself a grandson of Charlemagne. He was the Count of Senlis and Count of Vermandois (850 – 893); Lord of Valois (877 – 886), and later Count of Valois (886 – 893). The brothers of Pepin II were Herbert I, Count of Vermandois and Bernard II, Count of Laon.

Pepin II of Vermandois's wife's name and origin are unknown; their son was:

Pepin III of Senlis (876 – 922), Count of Senlis.

Bernard of Italy
Bernard (797 – 17 April 818) was the King of Italy, from 810 to 817, within the Carolingian Empire. He was an illegitimate son and successor of King Pepin of Italy. He plotted against his uncle, Emperor Louis the Pious, when the latter's Ordinatio Imperii made Bernard a vassal of his cousin Lothair. When his plot was discovered, Louis had him deposed by the end of 817, and then condemned and blinded, a procedure which killed him.
Cinnadenia
Cinnadenia is a flowering plant genus belonging to the family Lauraceae. They are present in low and mountain cloud forests in Southeast Asia.

The genus was described originally from Vietnam by André Joseph Guillaume Henri Kostermans, and published in 1973. The type species is Cinnadenia paniculata.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Adler Primus
The Adler Primus is a small family car introduced by the Frankfurt based auto-maker, Adler in March 1932.    In a move reminiscent of British Leyland in the 1970s, Adler launched two similarly sized cars in the same year, one of which followed the then new trend set by DKW for front-wheel drive, and one respecting the conventional rear-wheel drive configuration still used by the market leader, Opel.

The Primus was the first of the smaller Adlers to be introduced, early in 1932, and was the rear wheel drive offering; Adler Trumpf was the other. The conservative design was the responsibility of Otto Göckeritz, the man who had designed the company's first small car back in 1906.   The 1932 Primus was effectively a scaled down version of the manufacturer’s  Standard 6 of 1927, applying the same high bodied design with a simple “overslung” chassis on which the car's rigid axles fitted underneath the principal loadbearing lengths of the chassis.

Austin Allegro
The Austin Allegro is a small family car that was manufactured by the Austin-Morris division of British Leyland (BL) from 1973 until 1982. The same vehicle was built in Italy by Innocenti between 1974 and 1975 and sold as the Innocenti Regent. The Allegro was designed as a replacement for the Austin 1100 and 1300 models. In total, 642,350 Austin Allegros were produced during its 10-year production life, most of which were sold on the home market, less than a third of 2.1 million 1100s and 1300s sold in the previous 11 years.

It was built and sold by British Leyland alongside the hatchback Austin Maxi (launched in 1969) and the 1971 rear-wheel-drive Morris Marina. All three were eventually replaced by the Austin Maestro in 1983.
Nebraska's Centennial Mall
Nebraska's Centennial Mall, also known simply as Centennial Mall, is a seven-block-long public space in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. It stretches from the Nebraska State Capitol building north to the University of Nebraska - Lincoln's city campus. The Mall was originally envisioned in 1922, during the construction of the State Capitol Building. Centennial Mall officially opened in 1967 to commemorate the centennial of Nebraska's statehood. After Centennial Mall fell into disrepair, the park was renovated in 2016.

Nebraska State Capitol
The Nebraska State Capitol is the seat of government of the U.S. state of Nebraska and is located in downtown Lincoln. Designed by New York architect Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue in 1920, it was constructed of Indiana limestone from 1922 to 1932. The capitol houses the primary executive and judicial offices of Nebraska and is home to the Nebraska Legislature—the only unicameral state legislature in the United States.

The Nebraska State Capitol's 400-foot (120 m) tower is the tallest building in the state outside of Omaha and can be seen twenty miles (32 km) away. It was the first state capitol to incorporate a functional tower into its design. Goodhue stated that "Nebraska is a level country and its Capitol should have some altitude or beacon effect." In 1976, the National Park Service designated the capitol a National Historic Landmark, and in 1997, the Park Service extended the designation to include the capitol grounds, which Ernst H. Herminghaus designed in 1932.
Stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme
Stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (EC 3.4.21.117, kallikrein 7, SCCE, KLK7, PRSS6, hK7) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Cleavage of proteins with aromatic side chains in the P1 position

This enzyme has wide substrate specificity.

KLK7
Kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the KLK7 gene. KLK7 was initially purified from the epidermis and characterised as stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE). It was later identified as the seventh member of the human kallikrein family, which includes fifteen homologous serine proteases located on chromosome 19 (19q13).
Maguss
Maguss was a free-to-play location-based mobile MMORPG with a fantasy theme for iOS and Android. The game offered players a wizarding experience, allowing them to cast spells by drawing glyphs, collect ingredients, brew various potions, battle magical creatures, and duel other players for glory and treasure. The game's shutdown was announced in April 2020.

Location-based game
A location-based game (also called location-enabled game, geolocation-based game, or simply geo game) is a type of game in which the gameplay evolves and progresses via a player's real world location. Location-based games must provide some mechanism to allow the player to report their location, usually with GPS. Many location-based video games are video games that run on a mobile phone, using its GPS capability.

“Urban games” or “street games” are typically multiplayer location-based games played using city streets and built up urban environments. Various mobile devices can be used to play location-based games. These games have been referred to as “location-based mobile games,” merging the concept of location-based games and mobile games.
Brathay
Brathay is a hamlet in Skelwith parish in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Lancashire, the hamlet lies close to Clappersgate on the south bank of the River Brathay, and is about 0.9 miles (1.5 km) south west of Ambleside.

Brathay Hall is a country house from the late 18th century. The house and the surrounding estate belong to a charity, the Brathay Trust.

Ambleside
Ambleside is a town in the civil parish of Lakes and the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Westmorland and located in the Lake District National Park, the town sits at the head of Windermere, England's largest natural lake. In 2022 the built up area had an estimated population of 2,586.
Vižmarje
Vižmarje (pronounced [ˈʋiːʒmaɾjɛ], German: Wischmarje) is a formerly independent settlement in the northern part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It is located in the northwestern part of the city and belongs to the Šentvid District.

Vižmarje is known for the fact that on 17 May 1869, the largest all-Slovene mass rally was organised there on Whit Monday, and around 30,000 participants from the nearby and distant Slovene lands of Austria-Hungary demanded a United Slovenia, Slovene as the official language, Slovene schools, and a faculty. The Vižmarje rally was the only one organised by the Slovene political leadership of the Carniola region. It was also the only all-Slovene rally, as all the Slovene lands were represented: Carniola, Styria, the Slovene Littoral, and Carinthia.

Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Carniola (Slovene: Kranjska [ˈkɾàːnska]; German: Krain [kʁaɪn] ⓘ; Italian: Carniola; Hungarian: Krajna) is a historical region that comprised parts of present-day Slovenia. Slovenes living within the former borders of the region still tend to identify with its traditional parts Upper Carniola, Lower Carniola (with the sub-part of White Carniola), and to a lesser degree Inner Carniola. In 1991, 47% of the population of Slovenia lived within the borders of the former Duchy of Carniola.
Liberty Grooves
Liberty Grooves was a hip hop record label and shop based in Tooting, South London and owned by Johnny F. It was most active during the 1990s, and the shop served as a performance venue as well. Records were released on this label by groups including Solid n Mind and Gutter Snypes, and the artist DJ Noize.

Akinyele (rapper)
Akinyele Adams (born April 23, 1971), better known by the mononym Akinyele, is an American rapper known for his sexually explicit lyrics, including his 1996 song "Put It in Your Mouth". He appeared on "Live at the Barbeque" off of Main Source's 1991 album Breaking Atoms. His first album, Vagina Diner, was released in 1993. In 2001, he released Anakonda.

In 2010, Akinyele retired from the rap circuit. In 2016, he opened V-Live, a Miami Beach club. It garnered controversy for its similarities to strip clubs, which are prohibited in Miami Beach, and for having overly loud music that disturbed local residents. Due to these and other issues, V-Live was forced to close down in 2019.

Akinyele is of Panamanian and Costa Rican descent.
USCGC Northland (WMEC-904)
USCGC Northland (WMEC-904) is a United States Coast Guard medium endurance cutter. Her keel was laid down in 1981 and she was launched in 1982 by the Tacoma Boatbuilding Company of Tacoma, Washington. She was commissioned on December 17, 1984.

Medium endurance cutter
The Medium Endurance Cutter or WMEC is a type of United States Coast Guard Cutter mainly consisting of the 270-foot (82 m) Famous- and 210-foot (64 m) Reliance-class cutters. These larger cutters are under control of Area Commands (Atlantic Area or Pacific Area). These cutters have adequate accommodations for crew to live on board and can do 6 to 8 week patrols.

Other ships in the WMEC classification are the 282-foot (86 m) USCGC Alex Haley, and the now-decommissioned 213-foot (65 m) USCGC Acushnet, and 230-foot (70 m) USCGC Storis, and 205-foot (62 m) USCGC Tamaroa which began as the United States Navy Cherokee-class fleet tug USS Zuni launched in 1943.

There are 13 vessels in the Famous class, and 12 vessels still in active US service in the Reliance class. The Coast Guard plans to eventually phase out the vessels in both of these cutter classes and replace them with the Offshore Patrol Cutter as part of the Integrated Deepwater System Program.
Orpheus Descending (album)
Orpheus Descending is the twenty-fifth studio album by American rock singer-songwriter John Mellencamp, released on June 16, 2023 by Republic Records. The album has received positive reviews from critics and explores personal and political themes.

Big Daddy (John Mellencamp album)
Big Daddy is the tenth studio album by American singer-songwriter John Cougar Mellencamp, released in 1989 by Mercury Records. The album peaked at number seven on the Billboard 200 and contained the singles "Pop Singer" and "Jackie Brown", which peaked at No. 15 and 48, respectively, on the Billboard Hot 100. A re-mastered version of the album was released on May 24, 2005, and contains a bonus acoustic version of "Jackie Brown". Like The Lonesome Jubilee, Big Daddy is folk-inspired as fiddles (among other instruments) are significantly played on a number of tracks. The album's lyrics largely take a serious tone and the album as a whole is regarded by some as Mellencamp's most reflective.

In 1991, Mellencamp said: "Big Daddy was the best record I ever made. Out of my agony came a couple of really beautiful songs. You can't be 22 years old and had two dates and understand that album."
Gmina Kotlin
Gmina Kotlin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kotlin, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-east of Jarocin and 74 km (46 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 84.08 square kilometres (32.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,124.

Jarocin
Jarocin (Polish pronunciation: [jaˈrɔt͡ɕin] ⓘ; German: Jarotschin, in the Middle Ages known as Kesselberg) is a town in west-central Poland with 26,253 inhabitants (2024), the administrative capital of Jarocin County in Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Jarocin is a historical town, having been founded and granted city rights in the 13th century. The marketplace features a Ratusz town hall built between 1799 and 1804, which is now home to the Jarocin Regional Museum.

The town also became famous in the 1980s thanks to the Jarocin Festival, one of the first rock-punk music festivals of the former Warsaw Pact and in Europe. The first event was organised in 1980.
Bloomingdale's flagship store
The Bloomingdale's flagship store is a department store between Third and Lexington Avenues, and 59th and 60th Streets on the border of the Upper East Side and Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It was designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann and Albert Buchman for Joseph B. and Lyman Bloomingdale, and opened in 1886; it was expanded in 1893 and 1930. The store spans 815,000 square feet (75,700 m2), of which 555,000 square feet (51,600 m2) is selling space, and occupies nearly an entire city block. It remains the flagship store and headquarters of the Bloomingdale's department store chain, founded in 1861 and owned by Macy's, Inc. since 1930.

Upper East Side
The Upper East Side (sometimes abbreviated UES) is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded approximately by 96th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 59th Street to the south, and Central Park and Fifth Avenue to the west. The neighborhood area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill, Carnegie Hill, and Yorkville. Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it has long been the wealthiest neighborhood in New York City.

The Upper East Side is part of Manhattan Community District 8, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10021, 10028, 10065, 10075, and 10128. It is patrolled by the 19th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
William R. Peck
William Raine Peck (January 31, 1818 – January 22, 1871) was an American planter, politician, and soldier who served as a general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. The final commander of the famed Louisiana Tigers, Peck was among the largest Civil War generals, standing 6 feet, 6 inches tall and weighing 330 pounds.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Walter Blanding
Walter Blanding Jr. (born August 14, 1971, Cleveland) is an American jazz saxophonist and clarinetist.

Blanding grew up in a musical family in New York City; both his parents played in the house band at the New York jazz club Village Gate, and Blanding played with them as a teenager. He studied under Barry Harris and went to Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School. He was a member of the group Tough Young Tenors, who recorded an album in 1991, and lived for several years in Israel in the mid-1990s. After returning he became a member of the Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra and was involved with live performances of Wynton Marsalis's Blood on the Fields. Blanding has performed or recorded with Farid Barron, the Count Basie Orchestra, Cab Calloway, Wycliffe Gordon, Rodney Green, Roy Hargrove, The Harper Brothers, Louis Hayes, Illinois Jacquet, Ryan Kisor, Odean Pope, Eric Reed, Marcus Roberts, and Rodney Whitaker.

Wycliffe Gordon
Wycliffe A. Gordon (born May 29, 1967) is an American jazz trombonist, arranger, composer, band leader, and music educator at the collegiate-conservatory level. Gordon also sings and plays didgeridoo, trumpet, soprano trombone, tuba, and piano. His nickname is "Pinecone".
1980 AAA Championships
The 1980 AAA Championships sponsored by Nationwide was the 1980 edition of the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). It was held from 5 to 6 September 1980 at the Crystal Palace National Sports Centre in London, England.

AAA Championships
The AAA Championships was an annual track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association of England. It was the foremost domestic athletics event in the United Kingdom during its lifetime, despite the existence of the official UK Athletics Championships organised by the then governing body for British athletics, the British Athletics Federation between 1977 and 1993, and again in 1997. It was succeeded by the British Athletics Championships, organised by the BEF's replacement (successor), UK Athletics under its brand name British Athletics.
Game Plan (TV series)
Game Plan (千方百计) is a Singaporean Chinese drama which debuted on 9 October 2012. This series was the second production by Wawa Pictures to be broadcast on MediaCorp Channel 8, the last series being "The Oath". It stars Christopher Lee, Jesseca Liu, Shaun Chen, Jacelyn Tay, Chen Shucheng, Lin Meijiao & Tong Bing Yu  as the casts of the series.

Wawa Pictures
Wawa Pictures (Chinese: 哇哇映画; pinyin: wā wā yìng huà) is an independent television production company based in Singapore. It has produced dramas such as Three Wishes (2014), Crescendo (2015), Fire Up (2016) and Doppelganger (2018). Recent variety shows include Markets in Asia (2016) and Sherlock at Work (2016) hosted by Quan Yi Fong and Vivian Lai / Pornsak respectively.

On 14 November 2015, a Xinyao concert The Crescendo Concert – an extension of the 2015 drama Crescendo - was staged by Mediacorp TV Channel 8, record label Ocean Butterflies and Wawa at the Singapore Expo's Max Pavilion.
Nguyen TK Thanh
Nguyễn Thị Kim Thanh FRSC FInstP FRSB FIMMM is a professor of Nanomaterials at University College London. She was awarded the 2019 Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Award for her research and efforts toward gender equality.

Fellow of the Institute of Physics
Fellowship of the Institute of Physics (FInstP) is "the highest level of membership attainable" by physicists who are members of the Institute of Physics (IOP), "for those with a degree in physics or related subject (or equivalent knowledge gained in the workplace) and who have made a significant impact on their sector"; it is for "distinguished physicists in recognition of their accomplishments".

Honorary Fellowship (HonFInstP) is for "exceptional individuals" who can be nominated in recognition of having "contributed to physics generally or to the work of the IOP", working in fields including business, education, research, and policy relating to physics. The Institute's bye-laws limit the number of fellows in this category to being not more than 100 living Honorary Fellows at any one time.