hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Evgeny Radkevich
Evgeny Aleksandrovich Radkevich (Russian: Евгений Александрович Радкевич; 16 September 1851 – 1930) was an Imperial Russian Army general of the infantry and a member of the Military Council. He saw combat during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 and the Russo-Japanese War and served as a commander of Russian field armies during World War I.

Order of Saint George (Russia)
The Order of Saint George (Russian: Орден Святого Георгия, romanized: Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. It was originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) as the highest military decoration of the Russian Empire for commissioned officers and generals by Empress Catherine the Great. After the October Revolution in 1917, it was awarded by the White movement under Alexander Kolchak until their collapse in 1921. The order was revived in the Russian Federation on 20 March 1992 by Decree No.1463 of the President of Russia. The current award criteria were amended on 7 September 2010 by Presidential Decree 1099.
2007 Europe Cup (badminton)
The 2007 Europe Cup in badminton was the 30th edition of the Europe Cup. It was held between June 27 and July 1, 2007, in the Juliana van Stolberghal, in Amersfoort, Netherlands. It was organized by Badminton Combination Amersfoort in cooperation with Badminton Europe and the Dutch Badminton Association.

Europe Cup (badminton)
The Europe Cup (also known as European Badminton Club Championships) is a badminton team championships played by clubs from all around Europe, comparable to the UEFA Champions League in football.
It was established in 1978 by the members of Badminton Europe.
Lean Tales
Lean Tales is an anthology of short stories, first published in 1985, written by Scottish authors Alasdair Gray, Agnes Owens and James Kelman, with author illustrations by Alasdair Gray. Contractually obligated to Jonathan Cape to provide a new book, Gray claimed to find himself without new material or ideas, and so approached Kelman and Owens to bulk out a collection of stories with some of their own. As is often the case with Gray's later stories, some of his own contributions are recycled from his previous writing, including The Story of a Recluse (based on his television play) and A Report to the Trustees of the Bellahouston Travelling Scholarship (based on report written after Gray received a grant to travel abroad as an art student).

Lean Tales was first published by Jonathan Cape Ltd., London, 1985.

Jonathan Cape
Jonathan Cape is a British publishing firm headquartered in London and founded in 1921 by Herbert Jonathan Cape, who was head of the firm until his death in 1960.

Cape and his business partner Wren Howard (1893–1968) set up the publishing house in 1921. They established a reputation for high-quality design and production and a fine list of English-language authors, fostered by the firm's editor and reader Edward Garnett. Cape's list of writers ranged from poets including Robert Frost and C. Day Lewis, to children's authors such as Roald Dahl, Hugh Lofting and Arthur Ransome, to James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, to heavyweight fiction by James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.

After Cape's death, the firm later merged successively with three other London publishing houses. In 1987 it was taken over by Random House. Its name continues as one of Random House's British imprints.
Maurice Vaussard
Maurice Vaussard (8 September 1888 – 24 February 1978) was a 20th-century French writer and essayist.

Author of numerous historical and political essays, a specialist in Italian history and the Christian Democrats, Maurice Vaussard was editor at the Revue universelle (of Jacques Bainville and Henri Massis) and at Le Monde from 1945 to 1972. He was awarded numerous prizes by the Académie française.

Jacques Bainville
Jacques Pierre Bainville ([ʒak bɛ̃.vil]; 9 February 1879 – 9 February 1936) was a French historian and journalist. A geopolitical theorist, concerned by Franco-German relations, he was a leading figure in the monarchist Action Française. As fascinated as he was worried by Germany which continuously grew stronger, he intensely advocated against democracy, the French Revolution, internationalism and liberalism.
A plaza is named after him at the heart of the 7th arrondissement of Paris.
Dirac bracket
The Dirac bracket is a generalization of the Poisson bracket developed by Paul Dirac to treat classical systems with second class constraints in Hamiltonian mechanics, and to thus allow them to undergo canonical quantization. It is an important part of Dirac's development of Hamiltonian mechanics to elegantly handle more general Lagrangians; specifically, when constraints are at hand, so that the number of apparent variables exceeds that of dynamical ones. More abstractly, the two-form implied from the Dirac bracket is the restriction of the symplectic form to the constraint surface in phase space.

This article assumes familiarity with the standard Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms, and their connection to canonical quantization. Details of Dirac's modified Hamiltonian formalism are also summarized to put the Dirac bracket in context.

Overcompleteness
Overcompleteness is a concept from linear algebra that is widely used in mathematics, computer science, engineering, and statistics (usually in the form of overcomplete  frames). It was introduced by R. J. Duffin and A. C. Schaeffer in 1952.

Formally, a subset of the vectors  of a Banach space , sometimes called a "system", is complete if every element in  can be approximated arbitrarily well in norm by finite linear combinations of elements in . A system is called overcomplete if it contains more vectors than necessary to be complete, i.e., there exist  that can be removed from the system such that  remains complete. In research areas such as signal processing and function approximation, overcompleteness can help researchers to achieve a more stable, more robust, or more compact decomposition than using a basis.
1688 Wilkens
1688 Wilkens, provisional designation 1951 EQ1, is a Mitidika asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 March 1951, by Argentine astronomer Miguel Itzigsohn at La Plata Observatory in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and named after astronomer Alexander Wilkens.

Miguel Itzigsohn
Miguel Itzigsohn (1908–1978) was an Argentine astronomer and observer of comets, credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 15 asteroids between 1948 and 1954. The outer main-belt asteroid 1596 Itzigsohn, which he discovered himself, was named in his memory on 1 August 1980 (M.P.C. 5449).

Itzigsohn was a professor of spherical and practical astronomy. From 1955 to 1972, he was director of the extrameridian astronomy department at the La Plata Astronomical Observatory, specializing in astrometry and celestial mechanics. He was responsible for the surge in observational and computational activity in studies of minor planets in Argentina following World War II.
Stevington
Stevington is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Bedford in northern Bedfordshire, England.  It is on the River Great Ouse four to five miles northwest of Bedford.  Nearby villages include Bromham, Oakley, Pavenham and Turvey. West End lies northwest of the village, and forms part of the same civil parish.

The village has a fine Medieval Church as well as a number of listed buildings spanning the centuries. The first church on this site was probably a wooden building constructed during the Anglo Saxon period between 886 and 1016; this was later replaced by a stone building.

Borough of Bedford
Bedford, or the Borough of Bedford, is a local government district with borough status in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. It is administered by Bedford Borough Council, a unitary authority. The council is based in Bedford, the borough's namesake and principal settlement, which is the county town of Bedfordshire.

The Bedford built-up-area is the 71st largest in the United Kingdom and also includes Kempston and Biddenham. Away from the Bedford built-up area the borough includes a large rural area with many villages. 75% of the borough's population live in the Bedford built-up and the five large villages which surround it, which makes up slightly less than 6% of the total land area of the borough.

The borough is also the location of the Wixams new settlement, immediately south of Bedford, which received its first residents in 2009.
A Play of Giants
A Play of Giants Listenⓘ is a play by Wole Soyinka, Africa's  first Nobel Prize winner in 1986. The play is a satire that takes aim at dictators in Africa, including the notorious Idi Amin. Set at the  New York embassy, the play ingeniously portrays a gathering of dictatorial African leaders, highlighting their absurdities and follies as they attempt to navigate cooperation and decision-making. Through sharp wit and clever dialogue, the play offers a scathing commentary on power, politics, and the human condition, inviting audiences to reflect on the nature of tyranny and its impact on society. It was published on January 1, 1984.

Regime
In politics, a regime (also spelled régime) is a system of government that determines access to public office, and the extent of power held by officials. The two broad categories of regimes are democratic and autocratic. A key similarity across all regimes is the presence of rulers of both formal and informal institutions, which interact dynamically to adapt to changes to their environment.
1963 Stratford by-election
The 1963 Stratford by-election was a by-election held on 15 August 1963 for the British House of Commons constituency of Stratford-on-Avon in Warwickshire.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the constituency's Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) John Profumo on 6 June 1963 after the Profumo affair scandal.

The result was a Conservative Party hold, with Angus Maude winning a massively-reduced majority of almost 3,470 votes.

The by-election was the first of many to be contested by David Sutch, later known as "Screaming Lord Sutch".

Stratford-on-Avon (UK Parliament constituency)
Stratford-on-Avon is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Manuela Perteghella of the Liberal Democrats. The constituency is in Warwickshire; as its name suggests, it is centred on the town of Stratford-upon-Avon, birthplace of William Shakespeare, but also takes in the surrounding areas, including the towns of Alcester and Henley-in-Arden.
Compound 22 (TAAR1 antagonist)
Compound 22 is a low-potency and non-selective trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) antagonist that was identified in 2015 and was further studied in animals in 2018. The drug enhances the firing rates of dopaminergic neurons ex vivo and potentiates psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion and stereotypy in rodents in vivo. The latter effects are partially or fully independent of the TAAR1 however, with the mechanisms underlying these effects being unknown. Compound 22, along with EPPTB and RTI-7470-44, is one of the only TAAR1 antagonists that has been identified as of 2022.

RTI-7470-44
RTI-7470-44 is a potent and selective antagonist of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) which is used in scientific research. It was discovered in 2022 and is the first potent antagonist of the human TAAR1 to be identified, following the potent mouse TAAR1 inverse agonist EPPTB in 2009.
Military of the Grand Duchy of Finland
Between 1809 and 1917, Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire as the Grand Duchy of Finland. Between 1881 and 1901, the grand duchy had its own army. Before that, several other military units had also been formed.

The Grand Duchy inherited its allotment system (Finnish: ruotujakolaitos, Swedish: indelningsverket) from the Swedish military organization. However, for several decades, Russian rulers did not require military service from Finland – operations and defence were mostly taken care by Russian troops based in the grand duchy. As a result, officer benefits of the allotment system became practically pensions, as payment was based on passive availability, not on actual service.

The Diet of Finland made a pact with Tsar Alexander I; Finland paid a tax to Russia as compensation and military service was not called. This lasted until the Crimean War, 1854, during and after which Finland set up some sharpshooter battalions based on rote system.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
Spokane Public Library
The Spokane Public Library is a public library system serving the city of Spokane, Washington, US. It has six branches and a central library in downtown Spokane, along with a bookmobile and online services. The library system was acquired by the municipal government in 1894 and is funded by the city budget and a separate property tax.

Spokane Public Library - Main
The Spokane Public Library is a historic building in Spokane, Washington. It was designed by architects Herman Preusse and Julius Zittel, and built in 1905. Its construction cost $100,000, with $85,000 coming from Andrew Carnegie. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) since August 3, 1982. The library is one of four historic structures at the intersection of First and Cedar.  To the south across First is the Grand Coulee building. To the southeast across Cedar and First is the Eldridge Building. All three are listed on the NRHP. Additionally, the Buena Vista Apartments across Cedar are listed as a secondary contributing property to the Riverside Avenue Historic District, to which the Carnegie Library building is listed as a primary contributing property.
New College Berkeley
New College Berkeley is a Christian study center affiliated with the Graduate Theological Union (GTU) and located near the University of California, Berkeley. Through seminars, workshops, classes, conferences, lectureship, retreats, publications, and a certificate cohort program, NCB seeks to “discern gospel faithfulness together in the San Francisco Bay Area.” NCB is a “third space,” cultivating gospel imagination and spiritual friendship that bridges church and academic interests, lay and ordained needs, majority and minority communities, younger and older generations, and historic and emergent ecclesial traditions. NCB is a member of the Consortium of Christian Study Centers.

Fuller Theological Seminary
Fuller Theological Seminary  is an Evangelical seminary in Pasadena, California, with regional campuses in the western United States. It is egalitarian in nature.

Fuller has a student body of approximately 664 FTE students from many countries and denominations. There are over 41,000 alumni. Fuller is broadly evangelical among faculty and student body. Some hold conservative evangelical views such as unlimited inerrancy while others hold liberal evangelical sentiments such as limited inerrancy which views the Bible as true on matters of salvation but contains error in its recording of history and science.
James Hargest College
James Hargest College (Māori: Te Kura o Hēmi Hakena) is a large school of 1,876 students (as of November 2025), in Invercargill, New Zealand. The school caters for students from year 7–13.

The school is divided into two campuses, known as James Hargest Junior Campus (Year 7–8) and James Hargest Senior Campus (Year 9–13).  The campuses are at opposite ends of Layard Street and are separated by about a 15-minute walk (1.5 km).

James Hargest College is named after Brigadier-General James Hargest.

Homeroom
A homeroom, tutor group, mentor, form class, form, or advisory is a brief administrative period that occurs in a classroom assigned to a student in primary school and in secondary school. Within a homeroom period or classroom, administrative documents are distributed, attendance is marked, announcements are made, and students are given the opportunity to plan for the day. Such periods also act as a form of pastoral care, where teachers and administrators provide personal, social, or health advice. Homerooms differ in their nature, depending on the country and the specific school. A Homeroom period takes care of the social, emotional and academic wellbeing of a student.
James L. Goddard
James L. Goddard (April 24, 1923 – December 18, 2009) was an American physician who served as the Director of the Communicable Disease Center from 1962 to 1966 and as Commissioner of Food and Drugs from 1966 to 1968.

He died of a brain hemorrhage on December 18, 2009, in Laguna Woods, California at age 86.

Commissioner of Food and Drugs
The United States commissioner of food and drugs is the head of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The commissioner is nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. The commissioner reports to the secretary of health and human services.

Due to frequent controversies involving the FDA, appointments are not always prompt and the agency is often headed by an acting commissioner. For example, Andrew von Eschenbach's appointment was held up by senators who objected to the FDA's refusal to allow emergency contraception to be sold over the counter.

The commissioner has frequently been a physician, but this is not a requirement for the post. Commissioners rarely come from a food-related background.
William Hedges-White, 3rd Earl of Bantry
William Henry Hare Hedges-White, 3rd Earl of Bantry (10 November 1801 – 15 January 1884) was an Anglo-Irish Conservative peer.

He was the second son of Richard White, 1st Earl of Bantry and Lady Margaret Anne Hare. In 1840 he took the additional surname of Hedges after inheriting the estates of his great-uncle, Robert Hedges Eyre. He served as High Sheriff of County Cork in 1848. He succeeded his elder brother as Earl of Bantry following his death in 1868. On 6 July 1869 Lord Bantry was elected as an Irish representative peer and took his seat in the House of Lords.

On 16 April 1845 he married Jane Herbert, who was the granddaughter of Nathaniel Middleton and sister of Henry Arthur Herbert, MP. Together they had six children. His daughter Olivia Charlotte married Sir Arthur Guinness. He died in 1884 and was succeeded by his only son, William Hedges-White.

High Sheriff of County Cork
The Sheriff (later High Sheriff) of County Cork was an official in County Cork from the county's creation in the early 13th century until the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922. Within each Irish county, the high sheriff was the primary judicial representative of the English (later British) monarch, who was Lord of Ireland, later King/Queen of Ireland, and finally monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1608, Cork city was made a county corporate separate from County Cork, after which separate sheriffs of Cork City were appointed by the city corporation.
Shree Govindajee Temple
Shree Govindajee Temple (Meitei: ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯒꯣꯚꯤꯟꯗꯖꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ, romanized: Shri Shri Govindajee Laishang) is a Meitei Hindu temple, dedicated to Hindu deities Radha Krishna (Govindaji). It is the largest Vaishnava temple in Imphal district of Manipur, India. It was originally built in 1846 during the reign of Maharaja Nara Singh and later rebuilt by Maharaja Chandrakriti in 1876.

Mandapa
A mandapa or mantapa (Sanskrit: मण्डप, romanized: maṇḍapa) is a pillared hall or pavilion for public rituals in Indian architecture and Nepalese Pagoda Design, especially featured in Hindu temple architecture and Jain temple architecture.

Mandapas are described as "open" or "closed" depending on whether they have walls or inner ceiling of pagoda. In temples, one or more mandapas very often lie between the sanctuary and the temple entrance, on the same axis. In a large temple other mandapas may be placed to the sides, or detached within the temple compound.
Postage stamps of the Soviet Union
Stamps of the Soviet Union were issued in the period 1923 to 1991. They were labeled with the inscription Russian: "Почта СССР" ("Post of the USSR"). In the thematics, Soviet stamps reflected to a large extent the history, politics, economics and culture of this world's first socialist state.

Notable designers of Soviet postage stamps were Ivan Dubasov (who designed the Lenin Mourning issue, the first stamps portraying Vladimir Lenin in 1924) and Vasily Zavyalov. By the mid-1970s, over 4,000 stamps came out in the USSR. In 1970, the Catalogue of Postage Stamps of the USSR, 1918–1969 was published in Moscow, the yearly supplements being produced afterwards. The history and design of Soviet postage stamps were elucidated in the annual publication Soviet Collector and the monthly magazine Filateliya SSSR.

Soviet Union stamp catalogue
Soviet Union stamp catalogue (or CPA catalogue) is a national catalogue of the RSFSR and USSR postage stamps and miniature sheets, which was being published in the USSR by the “Soyuzpechat” Central Philatelic Agency (CPA) and some other publishers related to the Ministry of Communications. The catalogue usually republished in corpore around once in a 10–15 years. In between republications, additional issues came out every year. These issues contains descriptions of stamps and miniature sheets issued in USSR last year.
1967 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1967 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 77th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Carrick Davins were the defending champions.

On 29 October 1967, Carrick Davins won the championship after a 2–10 to 2–07 defeat of Roscrea in the final at Thurles Sportsfield. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.

1966 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1966 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 76th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

On 6 November 1966, Carrick Davins won the championship after a 2–12 to 1–02 defeat of Lorrha in the final at Thurles Sportsfield. It was their first ever championship title.
Iria Grandal
Iria Grandal (born 13 August 1990 in A Coruña, Spain) is a Spanish archer who competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Grandal took up archery aged seven and at age fourteen finished third in Spain's junior archery championship. In 2012 she won qualification to that year's Olympic Games, an outcome that by her own admission was a surprise.

Grandal entered as only one of two Spaniards competing in the Olympic archery competitions in London. She finished the preliminary 72-arrow ranking round of the women's individual event with 618 points from a maximum of 720, earning the 53rd seed for the subsequent elimination rounds. Grandal defeated the twelfth seed Ana Rendón of Colombia in the first round and narrowly lost in the second round to South Korea's Choi Hyeon-ju, taking the women's team gold medalist to a tie-breaking one-arrow shoot-off.

Grandal is the daughter of two archers and as of 2012 was a student of journalism.

Choi Hyeon-ju
Choi Hyeon-ju (Korean: 최현주, Korean pronunciation: [tɕʰwe̞.ɦjʌn.dʑu]; born 6 August 1984, in Jeonbuk) is a South Korean archer. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics where she won gold medal in the women's team event.