hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eugene Kusielewicz
Eugene Francis Vincent Kusielewicz (October 12, 1930 – December 10, 1996) was an American historian, author, educator, and a leading spokesperson on Polish and Polish-American affairs in the United States.

Polish American Historical Association
The Polish American Historical Association (PAHA), founded in 1942, is a scholarly not-for-profit association devoted to the study of Polish-American history and culture.

Originally a section of the larger Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, the PAHA soon became an independent organization. On 11 September 1942, historian Oskar Halecki proposed the founding of an autonomous historical institution and chose Mieczyslaw Haiman of the Polish Museum of America in Chicago as its founding president.

Since 1944 the PAHA has been publishing Polish American Studies, an interdisciplinary journal focused primarily on the social sciences and humanities in relation to the American Polonia. It is currently edited by Anna Jaroszyńska-Kirchmann.

The PAHA is an affiliate of the American Historical Association.
Hamm-Heessen station
Hamm-Heessen station is a passenger station in Heessen, a suburb of the Westphalian city of Hamm in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It lies on the Hamm–Minden railway, one of the most heavily trafficked lines in Germany. It has an hourly Regional-Express service, the Rhein-Weser-Express (RE 6) on the Düsseldorf–Dortmund–Bielefeld–Minden route as well as an hourly Regionalbahn service, the Ems-Börde-Bahn (RB 69) on the Münster)–Hamm–Bielefeld route, so there is a service about every half an hour. Both lines were previously operated by DB Regio NRW. In December 2008, eurobahn, based in Hamm, took over the operation of RB 69.

In 2009, about €600,000 were allocated for the rehabilitation of the station.

Minden (Westfalen) station
Minden (Westfalen) station (officially Minden (Westf) Bf) is a railway station in Minden. The station is located on the Hanover–Minden railway to Hanover, the Hamm–Minden railway to Hamm and the Verden–Rotenburg railway to Rotenburg an der Wümme. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn and WestfalenBahn. The station is also served by the Hanover S-Bahn.
Lucien Huteau
Lucien Paul Noël Huteau (26 May 1878 – 16 February 1975) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper and who competed in the football tournament at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, winning a silver medal as a member of the USFSA Olympic team representing France, which was primarily made up of Club Français players.

1899 USFSA Football Championship
The 1899 USFSA Football Championship was the 6th staging of the USFSA Football Championship. This edition was the first of the new version created that year by the USFSA, which decided to extend the competition beyond the Paris region in order to increase the popularity of the sport across the country. This edition, which was open to provincial clubs, is thus considered by many as the first real French championship with teams from Paris and the Province.
Diot
A diot is a vegetable and pork sausage from the French region of Savoy (La Savoie). Diots are usually made from fatty ground pork, seasoned with salt, pepper and nutmeg. They may also contain cheese or cabbage. Some are dried, similarly to saucissons.

Diots may be eaten cold or hot. In the most popular preparation, diots au vin blanc, the sausages are boiled with garlic and onions in white wine. They may also be browned in lard beforehand.

When eaten hot, diots are usually served with boiled potatoes, polenta, or the buckwheat pasta Crozets de Savoie. When eaten cold they are generally covered with spicy mustard (preferably from Dijon), or placed in sandwiches or salads.

Saucisson
Saucisson (French: [sosisɔ̃]), also saucisson sec or saucisse sèche, is a family of thick, dry-cured sausage-shaped charcuterie in French cuisine. Typically made of pork, or a mixture of pork and other meats, saucisson are similar to salami.

There is also a tradition of making saucisse sèche in western Switzerland, the term saucisson being used only for sausages with interrupted maturation, therefore cooking sausages.
Second Karzai cabinet
The second Karzai cabinet was the cabinet of Afghanistan that led the government from the re-election of president Hamid Karzai in 2009 until the end of his term in 2014.  The cabinet consisted of the president, his two vice-presidents, 18 ministers who received approval from the Afghan Parliament, and 7 acting ministers who have not been approved.

Zalmai Rassoul
Zalmai Rassoul (Pashto: زلمی رسول; born 11 May 1943) is an Afghan politician who served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan from January 2010 to October 2013. He previously served as National Security Advisor from June 2002 to January 2010. Through his various roles in Government, Rassoul played a key role in building the Afghan security architecture, uniting the international community in support of an Afghan-led and Afghan-owned peace process, strengthening regional cooperation and security through the establishment of the Regional Economic Cooperation Conference on Afghanistan and the Heart of Asia-Istanbul Process, and rebuilding vital industries. He stood as a candidate in the 2014 presidential election. Later, Rassoul was appointed as the Ambassador of Afghanistan to the United Kingdom and Ireland from 2020 to 2024.
2013 Newcastle Knights season
The 2013 Newcastle Knights season was the 26th in the club's history. Coached by Wayne Bennett and captained by Kurt Gidley, they competed in the NRL's 2013 Telstra Premiership, finishing the regular season in 7th place (out of 16), thus reaching the finals. The Knights then came within one match of the grand final but were knocked out by eventual premiers, the Sydney Roosters.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.
Canary Islands oystercatcher
The Canary Islands oystercatcher, Canarian oystercatcher, or Canarian black oystercatcher (Haematopus meadewaldoi)
is an extinct shorebird of uncertain taxonomy endemic to Fuerteventura, Lanzarote, and their offshore islets (Islote de Lobos and the Chinijo Archipelago) in the Canary Islands in Spain. Its population declined sharply beginning in the 1800s due primarily to overharvesting by humans of their shared food sources in the intertidal zone. Since the 1940s, the Canary Islands oystercatcher has been considered to be extinct.

Melanism
Melanism is the congenital excess of melanin in an organism resulting in dark pigment.

Pseudomelanism, also called abundism, is another variant of pigmentation, identifiable by dark spots or enlarged stripes, which cover a large part of the body of the animal, making it appear melanistic.

The morbid deposition of black matter, often of a malignant character causing pigmented tumors, is called melanosis.
Sepo ceramics
Sepo people are a theoretical Mississippian culture of the late Woodland period around 1000 BCE, present in Mississippian culture pottery of the Dickson Mounds. Sepo occupations are confined to the Illinois River Valley  between Anderson Lake in southern Fulton County, Illinois and Peoria Lake, including Sepo, Illinois an unincorporated community.

Mississippian culture pottery
Mississippian culture pottery is the ceramic tradition of the Mississippian culture (800 to 1600 CE) found as artifacts in archaeological sites in the American Midwest and Southeast. It is often characterized by the adoption and use of riverine (or more rarely marine) shell-tempering agents in the clay paste. Shell tempering is one of the hallmarks of Mississippian cultural practices. Analysis of local differences in materials, techniques, forms, and designs is a primary means for archaeologists to learn about the lifeways, religious practices, trade, and interaction among Mississippian peoples. The value of this pottery on the illegal antiquities market has led to extensive looting of sites.
Zoia Horn
Zoia Markovna Horn (née Polisar; March 14, 1918 – July 12, 2014) was an American librarian who in 1972 became the first United States librarian to be jailed for refusing to share information as a matter of conscience. Horn, an outspoken member of the American Library Association's Intellectual Freedom Committee, worked at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, in the early 1970s. Horn was jailed for nearly three weeks for contempt of court after refusing to testify for the prosecution in the 1972 conspiracy trial of the "Harrisburg Seven" anti-war activists.

Federal Correctional Institution, Lewisburg
The Federal Correctional Institution, Lewisburg (FCI Lewisburg) is a medium-security United States federal prison in Kelly Township, Pennsylvania, for male inmates. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. An adjacent satellite prison camp houses minimum-security male offenders.
Mark Foster (swimmer)
Mark Andrew Foster (born 12 May 1970) is an English former competitive swimmer who represented Great Britain in the Olympics and world championships, and swam for England in the Commonwealth Games.  Foster is a former world champion and won multiple medals in international competition during his long career.  He competed primarily in butterfly and freestyle at 50 metres.

Foster is a specialist short-course (25 metre pool) swimmer. In terms of medals and longevity (1986–2008), he is amongst the most successful British swimmers of all time. He was the fastest swimmer in the country by age 15. He made a comeback at the national championships in July 2007 winning both events he competed in after barely training. He achieved the fifth best time in 2007 in the world at 50 metres freestyle and retired for the second time after the 2008 Olympics. He has six World Championship titles, two Commonwealth titles and eleven European titles to his name.

World record progression 50 metres freestyle
The first world record in the men's 50 metres freestyle in long course (50 metre pool) swimming was recognized by the International Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1976. In short course (25 metre pool) swimming events the world's governing body recognizes world records since March 3, 1991.

The drop in world record times in 2008-2009 coincided with the introduction of polyurethane suits from Speedo (LZR, 50% polyurethane) in 2008 and by Arena (X-Glide), Adidas (Hydrofoil) and Italian swimming suit manufacturer Jaked (all 100% polyurethane) in 2009.  FINA's ban on non-textile suit came into effect in January 2010. FINA also released a list of approved suits.
Gomphocarpus physocarpus
Gomphocarpus physocarpus, commonly known as hairy balls, balloonplant, balloon cotton-bush, bishop's balls, nailhead, or swan plant, is a species of plant in the Milkweed subfamily Asclepiadoideae of the Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae), related to the milkweeds. The plant is native to southeast Africa, but it has been widely naturalised as it is often used as an ornamental plant.

Asclepias
Asclepias is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to humans and many other species, primarily due to the presence of cardenolides. However, as with many such plants, some species feed upon milkweed leaves or the nectar from their flowers. A noteworthy feeder on milkweeds is the monarch butterfly, which uses and requires certain milkweeds as host plants for its larvae.

The Asclepias genus contains over 200 species distributed broadly across Africa, North America, and South America. It previously belonged to the family Asclepiadaceae, which is now classified as the subfamily Asclepiadoideae of the dogbane family, Apocynaceae.
Economizer
Economizers (US and Oxford spelling), or  economisers (UK), are mechanical devices intended to reduce energy consumption, or to perform useful function such as preheating a fluid.  The term economizer is used for other purposes as well. Boiler, power plant, heating, refrigeration, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) may all use economizers. In simple terms, an economizer is a heat exchanger.

Compressed fluid
A compressed fluid (also called a compressed or unsaturated liquid, subcooled fluid or liquid) is a fluid under mechanical or thermodynamic conditions that force it to be a liquid.

At a given pressure, a fluid is a compressed fluid if it is at a temperature lower than the saturation temperature. This is the case, for example, for liquid water at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. In a plot that compares pressure and specific volume (commonly called a p-v diagram), compressed fluid is the state to the left of the saturation curve.

Conditions that cause a fluid to be compressed include:

Specific volume and enthalpy inferior to that of a saturated liquid;

Temperature below the saturation temperature;

Pressure above the saturation pressure.

The term compressed liquid emphasizes that the pressure is greater than the saturation pressure for the given temperature. Compressed liquid properties are relatively independent of pressure.
Carex buchananii
Carex buchananii, common names Buchanan's sedge, cutty grass, is a species of sedge (in the Cyperaceae family). It is endemic to New Zealand, being found on both the North and South Islands.

It has no synonyms according to Plants of the world online, but two  according to the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Paul Saladin Leonhardt
Paul Saladin Leonhardt (13 November 1877 – 14 December 1934) was a German chess master. He was born in Posen, Province of Posen, German Empire (now Poland), and died of a heart attack in Königsberg during a game of chess.

A player with a low profile and not many tournament wins, Leonhardt has been largely forgotten by the history books. However, at his best, he was able to defeat most of the elite players of the period. Tarrasch, Tartakower, Nimzowitsch, Maróczy and Réti all succumbed to his fierce attacking style between 1903 and 1920.  He won several brilliancy prizes.

Aron Nimzowitsch
Aron Nimzowitsch (Latvian: Ārons Nimcovičs; Russian: Аро́н Иса́евич Нимцо́вич, Aron Isayevich Nimtsovich; 7 November 1886 – 16 March 1935) was a Russian-born Danish chess player and writer.  In the late 1920s, Nimzowitsch was one of the best chess players in the world. He was the foremost figure amongst the hypermoderns and wrote a very influential book on chess theory: My System (1925–1927). Nimzowitsch's seminal work Chess Praxis, originally published in Germany, in 1929, was purchased by a pre-teen and future World Champion Tigran Petrosian and was to have a great influence on his development as a chess player.
International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm
The International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm (IGradU) of Ulm University has been established in 2006 and has been a permanent structure of Ulm University since 2020. It promotes and supports graduate education and training in the field of biomedical research. There are two structured training programmes on offer: The International PhD Programme in Molecular Medicine Ulm for doctoral candidates in the natural sciences and the programme Experimental Medicine for doctoral candidates in human and dental medicine.

German Universities Excellence Initiative
The Excellence Initiative of the German Council of Science and Humanities and the German Research Foundation (DFG) aims to promote cutting-edge research and to create outstanding conditions for young scholars at universities, to deepen cooperation between disciplines and institutions, to strengthen international cooperation of research, and to enhance the international appeal of excellent German universities. It is the result of lengthy negotiations between the federal government and the German states.
Gorev Island
Gorev Island (66°32′S 92°59′E﻿ / ﻿66.533°S 92.983°E﻿ / -66.533; 92.983) is a small island lying between Buromskiy Island and Poryadin Island in the Haswell Islands, Antarctica. It was discovered and mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Douglas Mawson, 1911–1914. It was remapped by the Soviet expedition of 1956, and named by them for Demetri Gorev, a member of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13, under Robert Falcon Scott.

Poryadin Island
Poryadin Island (66°32′S 92°59′E﻿ / ﻿66.533°S 92.983°E﻿ / -66.533; 92.983) is an island lying 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) south of Haswell Island in the Haswell Islands. Discovered and mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Mawson, 1911–1914. Remapped by the Soviet expedition of 1956, and named for Ya. Poryadin, navigator of the ship Vostok with the Bellingshausen expedition 1819–21.
EcoEléctrica
EcoEléctrica is a Puerto Rican energy corporation headquartered in Peñuelas, Puerto Rico. Since the 2000s, EcoElectrica has the exclusive right to ship liquefied natural gas to Puerto Rico. Its main shareholder is GasNatural Fenosa.

In June 2008, EcoEléctrica started the environmental impact assessment of the LNG terminal modification project, including construction and operation of natural gas pipeline facilities.

It owns and operates a liquefied natural gas regasification terminal with a storage tank of 160,000 cubic meters in Punta Guayanilla, Peñuelas. The power generated by EcoEléctrica is transmitted to the LUMA Energy operated power grid. Steam generated by the waste heat from exhaust gasses is used in both a Toshiba-supplied steam turbine and a desalination plant.

LUMA Energy
LUMA Energy is a private power company that is responsible for power distribution and power transmission in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It is also in charge of maintaining and modernizing the power infrastructure. Previously, these duties belonged exclusively (according to the law) to the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA, Spanish Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica, AEE), but as of July 20, 2018, permission was granted for PREPA assets and service duties to be sold to private companies, and on June 22, 2020, a 15-year contract with LUMA was signed, making LUMA the new operator. The takeover occurred on June 1, 2021.
Camila Brait
Camila de Paula Brait (born 28 October 1988) is a Brazilian volleyball player from Frutal, Brazil, who plays as a libero. She currently defends Osasco Voleibol Clube and is retired from the Brazilian national team.

Brait won the silver medal while representing Brazil at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2010 Women's South American Volleyball Club Championship
The 2010 Women's South American Volleyball Club Championship was the second official edition of the women's volleyball tournament, played by four teams over July 16–18, 2010 in Manuel Bonilla Stadium in Miraflores, Lima, Peru.
French submarine Bonite
Bonite was one of 20 Naïade-class submarines built for the French Navy at the beginning of the 20th century. She was of the Romazotti type, and remained in service until just prior to the outbreak of World War I in 1914.

Naïade-class submarine
The Naïade-class submarines, sometimes referred to as the Perle class were a group of submarines built for the French Navy  at the beginning of the 20th century. There were twenty vessels in this class, which was designed by Gaston Romazotti. The class introduced internal combustion engines into French submarine design. They remained in service until just prior to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
Geroch's splitting theorem
In the theory of causal structure on Lorentzian manifolds, Geroch's theorem or Geroch's splitting theorem (first proved by Robert Geroch) gives a topological characterization of globally hyperbolic spacetimes.

Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.
John Page (figure skater)
John Ferguson Page (27 March 1900 – 14 February 1947) was a British figure skater who competed both singles and pair skating. He was a World bronze medalist in singles, a World silver medalist in pairs, and 11-time British champion, a record only equaled by Jenna McCorkell (in women's singles). He also competed at the 1924 Winter Olympics and in the 1928 Winter Olympics in both single and pairs. He was born in Brooklands, Sale, Manchester, and died in Manchester.

At the 1924 Olympics, he finished fifth in the singles event. In the pairs competition, he and his partner Ethel Muckelt finished fourth. Four years later, he finished ninth in the singles event at the St. Moritz Games and with his partner Ethel Muckelt he finished seventh in the pairs competition.

Jenna McCorkell
Jenna McCorkell (born 15 September 1986) is a former figure skater from Northern Ireland. She is an eleven-time British national champion (2003–05; 2007–14) and won seven senior international medals, including gold at the Ondrej Nepela Memorial and Ice Challenge. She placed as high as eighth at the European Championships (2008) and 14th at the World Championships (2010, 2012), and competed at two Winter Olympics (2010, 2014).
Bakhu Bike I
Bakhu Bike I or Pahu Bike (died August 1834) was the daughter of Umma Khan V and the wife of Sultan Ahmed Khan. She was one of the very few women known to have had influence over the affairs of the state in the Avar Khanate.

History of Dagestan
Historically, Dagestan consisted of a federation of mountainous principalities in the eastern part of the North Caucasus. Located at the crossroads of world civilizations of north and south, Dagestan was the scene of clashes of interests of many states and until the early 19th century, most notably between Iran and the Russian Empire.
Frank Tristan
Frank Tristan (born c. 1981) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Glendale High School in Springfield, Missouri, a position he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for Southwestern Assemblies of God University from 2015 to 2017, Western New Mexico University from 2018 to 2020, and Willard High School in Willard, Missouri, from 2021 to 2023. He played college football and baseball for Evangel and also coached for Evangel, Hillcrest High School, and Kickapoo High School where he served as defensive coordinator.

Evangel University
Evangel University is a private Christian university and seminary in Springfield, Missouri, United States. It is affiliated with the Assemblies of God Christian denomination, which is also headquartered in Springfield. The campus sits on 80 acres (32 hectares) that were originally part of O'Reilly General Hospital.