hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carex klamathensis
Carex klamathensis is a rare species of sedge known by the common name Klamath sedge. It is known from 15 or fewer populations in southern Oregon and three populations in the Klamath Region of northern California. It was described to science only in 2007. Its habitat includes fens and other wet habitat, on serpentine soils. It was discovered independently by botanists Peter Zika and Lawrence Janeway.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Bandar Tun Razak LRT station
Bandar Tun Razak LRT station is a Malaysian low-rise rapid transit station situated near and named after the Kuala Lumpur township of Bandar Tun Razak. The station is part of the Sri Petaling Line (formerly known as STAR).

The station was opened on 11 July 1998, as part of the second phase of the STAR system's opening, including 7 new stations along the Chan Sow Lin-Sri Petaling route. At that time, Bandar Tun Razak station was named as "Mulia" station.

Chan Sow Lin station
Chan Sow Lin station is an integrated metro station in Pudu, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The station serves as an interchange station between the LRT Sri Petaling Line, LRT Ampang Line and the MRT Putrajaya Line. The station consists of an at-grade station for the Ampang and Sri Petaling lines, and an underground station for the Putrajaya line. Both stations are connected by an elevated pedestrian walkway, allowing paid-to-paid integration.

The station is the first station on the common route shared by both the Ampang Line (Sentul Timur-Ampang) and Sri Petaling Line (Sentul Timur-Putra Heights). The station was first opened on 16 December 1996, as part of the first phase of the former STAR LRT system's opening, alongside 13 adjoining stations along the Sultan Ismail-Ampang route.

Chan Sow Lin is the last underground station on the Putrajaya Line, before the line resurfaces at Kuchai station.
Sagol
Sagol (Korean: 사골; Hanja: 四骨), or beef leg bone, is an ingredient in Korean cuisine.  Sagol is often boiled to make a broth, called sagol-yuksu (사골육수; 四骨肉水), or beef leg bone broth, for Korean soups such as gomguk (beef bone soup), galbi-tang (short rib soup), tteokguk (sliced rice cake soup), kal-guksu (noodle soup), or gukbap (soup with rice).

Sagol is rich in the protein collagen and in minerals such as calcium. In traditional Korean culture, it is believed to reinvigorate the body. However, no scientific evidence supports this claim. In the summer, sagol-yuksu (broth) is served to pregnant or breastfeeding mothers and the sick. In the winter, it is served with rice as a warm and nutritious meal.

Broth
Broth, also known as bouillon (French pronunciation: [bujɔ̃] ⓘ), is a savory liquid made of water in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been simmered for a period of time. It can be eaten alone, but it is most commonly used to prepare other dishes, such as soups, gravies, and sauces.

Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically chicken, beef, fish, and vegetable varieties. Dehydrated broth in the form of bouillon cubes was commercialized beginning in the early 20th century.
Paul Bunker
Paul Delmont Bunker (May 7, 1881 – March 16, 1943) was an American football player and soldier. Bunker attended the U.S. Military Academy and became the first football player at West Point to be selected as a first-team All-American by Walter Camp. Bunker was chosen as an All-American at the tackle position in 1901 and repeated as an All-American in 1902, but as a halfback. He served in the U.S. Army for 40 years and was in command of the coastal artillery forces in the Battle of Corregidor. On the fall of Corregidor, Bunker became a prisoner of war. He died of starvation and disease in a Japanese prison camp in 1943 after losing 70 pounds at the age of 61. His posthumously published journal, Paul Bunker's Diary, became a best-seller. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1969.

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Develin Peak
Develin Peak is a 2,759-metre (9,052 ft) peak in British Columbia, Canada, with a prominence of 274 metres (899 ft). Its line parent is Peck NW2, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away. It is part of the Tower of London Range of the Muskwa Ranges in the Canadian Rockies, to the north the Wokkpash Glacier.

Tower of London Range
The Tower of London Range is a sub-range of the Northern Rocky Mountains in northern British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of the Tuchodi Lakes at the northwest end of the Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park to the southwest of Fort Nelson.
Mikhail Aloyan
Mikhail Surenovich Aloyan (Russian: Михаил Суренович Алоян; born 23 August 1988) is a Russian professional boxer of   Kurdish origin, who challenged for the WBO bantamweight title in 2018. As an amateur flyweight, Aloyan won gold medals at the 2010 European Championships, the 2011 and 2013 World Championships, and bronze at the 2009 World Championships and the 2012 Olympics.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Shafik Wazzan
Shafik Al-Wazzan (Arabic: شفيق الوزان, January 16, 1925 – July 8, 1999) was a Lebanese politician who served as the 27th Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1980 until 1984. In December 1991, Wazzan was wounded when a car bomb exploded in the Beirut neighborhood of Basta Al Fouka (where he lived) as he was passing through in an armored car.

Prime Minister of Lebanon
The prime minister of Lebanon (French: Premier ministre; Arabic: رئيس الحكومة, romanized: Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma) is the head of government.

By convention, the office holder is always a Sunni Muslim.

The current prime minister is Nawaf Salam. He was tasked by President Joseph Aoun to form the new government after mandatory parliamentary consultations on 13 January 2025, having received 84 out of 128 votes. The prime minister designate does not assume office until both he and the president sign an official decree forming the government as per article 64 of the Lebanese constitution. On 8 February 2025, the new government was formed and Nawaf Salam officially assumed his duties as prime minister of Lebanon.

The prime minister is assisted by the deputy prime minister of Lebanon, currently Tarek Mitri as of 8 February 2025.
Chartered Institution of Railway Operators
The Chartered Institution of Railway Operators (founded in 1999 and registered in 2000 as the Institution of Railway Operators (IRO)) is the professional body for all those engaged or interested in railway operations and its allied disciplines. It exists for its members and the rail industry as a whole. It was awarded Chartered status on 1 October 2021.

Rail transport operations
Rail transport operations are the day-to-day operations of a railway. A railway has two major components: the infrastructure (the permanent way, tracks, stations, freight facilities, viaducts, tunnels, etc.) and the rolling stock (the passenger coaches, locomotives, freight cars, etc.)

Ownership and operation of these two components varies by location. In some places (notably, most of North America) private railway companies own and operate both the infrastructure and rolling stock (for example, Union Pacific). In the United Kingdom, the infrastructure is owned and maintained by Network Rail while rolling stock is largely owned and operated by private railway companies. In countries with nationalized rail systems such as China and France, both the infrastructure and rolling stock are owned and operated directly or indirectly by the national government.
Central Advisory Council
The Central Advisory Council (Japanese: 中央参議院, Hepburn: Chūō Sangiin; Kunrei-shiki: Tyuuoo Sangiin, lit. 'Central House of Councillors', Indonesian: Dewan Pertimbangan Pusat) was the name given to bodies established by the Japanese military administration in Java and Sumatra in 1943 during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies to notionally provide Indonesians with popular representation.

Twenty-Fifth Army (Japan)
The Japanese 25th Army (第25軍, Dai-nijyūgo gun) was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II, noted for its role in the Malayan Campaign, the Battle of Singapore, and the Occupation of Sumatra.
Allied Commission
Following the termination of hostilities in World War II, the Allies were in control of the defeated Axis countries.  Anticipating the defeat of Germany, Italy and Japan, they had already set up the European Advisory Commission and a proposed Far Eastern Advisory Commission to make recommendations for the post-war period. Accordingly, they managed their control of the defeated countries through Allied Commissions, often referred to as Allied Control Commissions (ACC), consisting of representatives of the major Allies.

Moscow Conference (1945)
The Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers, also known as the Interim Meeting of Foreign Ministers, was held in Moscow between the foreign ministers of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union from December 16 to 26, 1945. They discussed the problems of occupation, establishing peace, and other Far Eastern issues.

James F. Byrnes represented the United States, Ernest Bevin the United Kingdom, and Vyacheslav Molotov the Soviet Union. They issued a communiqué after the conference on December 27, 1945.

The conference was one of a number of other Allied World War II conferences, including those at Cairo, Yalta and Potsdam.
Invasive candidiasis
Invasive candidiasis is an infection (candidiasis) that can be caused by various species of Candida yeast.  Unlike Candida infections of the mouth and throat (oral candidiasis) or vagina (Candidal vulvovaginitis), invasive candidiasis is a serious, progressive, and potentially fatal infection that can affect the blood (fungemia), heart, brain, eyes, bones, and other parts of the body.

Echinocandin
Echinocandins are a class of antifungal drugs that inhibit the synthesis of β-glucan in the fungal cell wall via noncompetitive inhibition of the enzyme 1,3-β glucan synthase. The class has been dubbed the "penicillin of antifungals," along with the related papulacandins, as their mechanism of action resembles that of penicillin in bacteria. β-glucans are carbohydrate polymers that are cross-linked with other fungal cell wall components, the fungal equivalent to bacterial peptidoglycan. Caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin are semisynthetic echinocandin derivatives with limited clinical use due to their solubility, antifungal spectrum, and pharmacokinetic properties.
2017 Mexican protests
The 2017 Mexican protests were a series of protests against a hike in the price of gasoline by the Mexican government which came into effect on 1 January 2017. Thousands of protestors marched, blocked highways and shut down state-owned gas stations. The rise in price—known in Mexico as the gasolinazo—was a result of president Enrique Peña Nieto's privatization of the Mexican oil industry. Other factors that led to the protests include high inflation, a weak peso, widespread violence due to the Mexican drug war, and Peña Nieto's low approval rating and corruption allegations.

Pemex
Pemex (a portmanteau of Petróleos Mexicanos, which translates to Mexican Petroleum in English; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpemeks]) is the Mexican state-owned petroleum corporation managed and operated by the Mexican government. It was formed in 1938 by nationalization and expropriation of all private oil companies in Mexico at the time of its formation, making PEMEX an enduring symbol of Mexican nationalism. Pemex had total assets worth $101.8 billion in December 2019 and as of 2009 was Latin America's second largest enterprise by annual revenue, surpassed only by Petrobras (the Brazilian national oil company). The company is the seventh most polluting in the world according to The Guardian.
Comin' Home to Stay
Comin' Home to Stay is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Ricky Skaggs. It was released in 1988 via Epic Records. The album peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

The Whites
The Whites are an American country music vocal group from Fort Worth, Texas, United States. They consist of sisters Sharon White and Cheryl White, and, until his death, their father, Buck White. Sharon plays guitar, Cheryl is the bassist and Buck played the mandolin and piano. Formed in 1972, the trio has recorded multiple albums and charted multiple songs on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. They are also known as frequent collaborators of country and bluegrass musician Ricky Skaggs, who is Sharon's husband. The group are frequent performers on the Grand Ole Opry, and became members in 1984.
Union of Education and Training
The Union of Education and Training (German: Gewerkschaft Unterricht und Erziehung, Gew. UuE) was a trade union representing education workers in East Germany.

The union was founded in 1946, and was a founding affiliate of the Free German Trade Union Federation (FDGB), by which point it had 44,392 members.  Internationally, it affiliated to the World Federation of Teachers' Unions.

The union grew steadily, reaching 280,000 members by 1964, and 574,913 by 1989.  In February 1990, it became independent, and it dissolved in October.  Its members then decided whether to join the Education and Science Workers' Union or the Public Services, Transport and Traffic Union, both of which had established branches in East Germany.

Education and Science Workers' Union (Germany)
The Education and Science Workers’ Union (German: Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft, GEW) is a trade union in Germany. It has a membership of 280,343 and is one of eight industrial affiliates of the German Confederation of Trade Unions.
Most members are teachers, but it also represents day care workers, social workers, private educators, researchers and professors.

GEW is founding member of the Berlin Energy Table which successfully pushed for a Referendum on the recommunalization of energy supply in Berlin in 2013.
Bottle cap
A bottle cap or bottle top is a common closure for the top opening of a bottle. A cap is sometimes colorfully decorated with the logo of the brand of contents. Metal caps with plastic backing are used for glass bottles, sometimes wrapped in decorative foil. Metal caps are usually either steel or aluminum, and of the crown cork type. Flip-top caps (like flapper closures) preceded such caps.

Plastic caps are used for plastic bottles, functioning as screw caps, or plastic caps may have a pour spout rather than being detachable. Plastic caps are commonly made from polyethylene or polypropylene, and caps for plastic bottles are often made of a different type of plastic from the bottle.

A cork stopper is another type of closure for the top of a bottle.

Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene.

Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat-resistant. It is a white, mechanically rugged material and has a high chemical resistance.

Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene).
Tărtășești
Tărtășești is a commune in the Dâmbovița County, Muntenia, Romania, located 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Bucharest. It has a population of 6,158 as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Bâldana, Gulia, and Tărtășești.

The Bucharest–Târgoviște National Road passes through this locality. In the last years (mainly after 2000), Tărtășești knew a notable development, becoming one of the most important communes near Bucharest (mostly because of modernization of the roads, introducing the gas network and expanding the Bucharest metropolitan area, which brought the Romanian capital to a very short distance – 15 km). The most common activity the people is agriculture, but there are also a few industrial facilities – bread factory, food processing facility, storage facilities, etc.

Târgoviște
Târgoviște (Romanian pronunciation: [tɨrˈɡoviʃte], alternatively spelled Tîrgoviște) is a city and county seat in Dâmbovița County, Romania. It is situated 80 kilometres (50 miles) north-west of Bucharest, on the right bank of the Ialomița River.

Târgoviște was one of the most important cities in the history of Wallachia, as it was its capital from 1418 to 1659. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 66,965 people, making it the 27th largest in the country.
John McKeown (rugby league)
John J. McKeown (5 February 1926 – 5 September 2006), also known by the nicknames of "J.J.", and "Mac", was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and Cumberland, and at club level for Whitehaven, as a left-footed toe-end style (rather than round the corner style) goal-kicking fullback.

Test match (rugby league)
A test match is a historical term used in rugby league football which has no official use with the sports global governing body – the International Rugby League (IRL).

The term predates the creation of the IRL, thus every national governing body has slightly varying definitions which has changed throughout history. As such, it is possible for a game to have test status in one nation but not the other. The Rugby Football League (RFL), the governing body in England and first governing body of the sport, currently defines a "Test Match" as "a game of Rugby League Football played between teams representing members of the IRL".

The first official test match took place on 1 January 1908 when Wales defeated New Zealand 9–8 at the Aberdare Athletic Ground in Aberdare, Wales in front of approximately 15,000 fans. The match was the 29th game of the 1907–08 All Golds tour.
Alexandru cel Bun, Neamț
Alexandru cel Bun is a commune in Neamț County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It was called Viișoara until 2002, when its name was changed. The commune is composed of seven villages: Agârcia, Bisericani, Bistrița, Scăricica, Vaduri, Vădurele, and Viișoara (the commune center).

The commune is located in the central part of Neamț County, just west of the county seat, Piatra Neamț. It lies on the banks of the Bistrița River, amid rolling hills. It is crossed by national road DN15, which connects Piatra Neamț to Bicaz, 20 km (12 mi) to the west of Viișoara, and on to Târgu Mureș. The Bistrița train station used to serve the CFR railway joining Bicaz to Bacău, but has been closed and left in disrepair.

The main attraction is the Bistrița Monastery, a Romanian Orthodox monastery located in Bistrița village. It was dedicated in 1402, having as original ctitor the Moldavian Voivode Alexandru cel Bun, whose remains are buried here.

Bicaz
Bicaz (Hungarian: Békás) is a town in Neamț County, Western Moldavia, Romania  situated in the eastern Carpathian Mountains near the confluence of the Bicaz and Bistrița Rivers and near Lake Bicaz, an artificial lake formed by the Bicaz Dam on the Bistrița. Bicaz used to be a border town until 1918. Six villages are administered by the town: Capșa, Dodeni, Izvoru Alb, Izvoru Muntelui, Potoci, and Secu.
Wild edible plants of Israel and Palestine
Wild edible plants and fungi in the region of Israel and Palestine have been used to sustain life in periods of scarcity and famine, or else simply used as a supplementary food source for additional nourishment and pleasure. The diverse flora of the region offers a wide range of plants suitable for human consumption, many of which have a long history of usage in the daily cuisines of its native peoples.

The local population has, traditionally and in various times of its settlement, made use of these plants, which they gathered for human consumption, whether to be eaten fresh or by steeping them in hot water, or by cooking, or by making use of them as a spice or condiment. All plants herein named are without regulation and can be utilised by the public, unless otherwise noted as protected under Israeli law.

Gustaf Dalman
Gustaf Hermann Dalman (9 June 1855 – 19 August 1941) was a German Lutheran theologian and orientalist. He did extensive field work in Palestine before the First World War, collecting inscriptions, poetry, and proverbs. He also collected physical articles illustrative of the life of Palestinian peasantry  and herders of the country, including rock and plant samples, house and farm tools, small archaeological finds, and ceramics. He pioneered the study of biblical and early post-biblical Aramaic, publishing an authoritative grammar (1894) and dictionary (1901), as well as other works. His collection of 15,000 historic photographs and 5,000 books, including rare 16th century prints, and maps formed the basis of the Gustaf Dalman Institute at the Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, which commemorates and continues his work.
Søren Dahlgaard
Søren Dahlgaard (born 1973) is a Danish visual artist based in Copenhagen, Denmark. Dahlgaard's work is known for exploring the absurdity and playfulness of everyday life, transforming mundane objects and activities into action sculptures, and environmental and socially engaged art.

Louisiana Museum of Modern Art
The Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, also known as the Louisiana, is an art museum located north of Copenhagen, Denmark. Attracting over 700,000 guests annually, the Louisiana is Scandinavia's most visited museum for modern and contemporary art, hosting 6 to 10 exhibitions each year alongside a permanent display of Yayoi Kusama's Gleaming and Lights of the Souls. The museum is recognized as a modernist landmark in Danish architecture, and is noted for its synthesis of art, architecture and landscape, boasting a sculpture park with works by Alexander Calder, Henry Moore and Richard Serra. In addition to its permanent and temporary exhibitions, the museum has a shop featuring Danish design items, a restaurant with a view of the Øresund, and a three-storey Children's Wing hosting daily workshops. The museum is included in Patricia Schultz's book 1,000 Places to See Before You Die.
Panon Hideung
Panon Hideung (Sundanese: ᮕᮔᮧᮔ᮪ ᮠᮤᮓᮩᮀcode: sun promoted to code: su ; lit. 'Black Eyes') is a popular Sundanese folk song. Written by Ismail Marzuki in between 1936-1937, Panon Hideung is the Sundanese adaptation of a well-known Russian romance, "Ochi Chornye" (Russian: Очи чёрные, lit. 'Dark Eyes'). The song's lyrics tells of a guy who's in love with a beautiful girl from Bandung.

Sundanese script
Standard Sundanese script (Aksara Sunda Baku, ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮘᮊᮥ) is a traditional writing system used by the Sundanese people to write the Sundanese language. It is based on the Old Sundanese script (Aksara Sunda Kuno) which was used from the 14th to the 18th centuries.