hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intrauterine growth restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy. IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. The causes of IUGR are broad and may involve maternal, fetal, or placental complications.

At least 60% of the 4 million neonatal deaths that occur worldwide every year are associated with low birth weight, caused by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm delivery, and genetic abnormalities, demonstrating that under-nutrition is already a leading health problem at birth.

Intrauterine growth restriction can result in a baby being small for gestational age (SGA), which is most commonly defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. At the end of pregnancy, it can result in a low birth weight.

Vertically transmitted infection
A vertically transmitted infection is an infection caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that use mother-to-child transmission, that is, transmission directly from the mother to an embryo, fetus, or baby during pregnancy or childbirth. It can occur when the mother has a  pre-existing disease or becomes infected during pregnancy. Nutritional deficiencies may exacerbate the risks of perinatal infections. Vertical transmission is important for the mathematical modelling of infectious diseases, especially for diseases of animals with large litter sizes, as it causes a wave of new infectious individuals.
Miss Russia 2005
Miss Russia 2005 the 14th edition of the Miss Russia pageant was held on December 1, 2005 at Gostiny Dvor Arcade. 60 women competed at the pageant where Alexandra Ivanovskaya won representing the Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

Miss Russia
Miss Russia (Russian: Мисс Россия, romanized: Miss Rossiya) is a national beauty pageant in Russia. It selects the Russian representatives to compete in two of the major beauty pageants: Miss World and Miss Universe.
Hootan Shakiba
Hootan Shakiba (Persian: هوتن شکیبا; born 14 June 1984) is an Iranian actor. He is best known for his role as Habib Naghavi in Bachelors (2016–2019) which earned him a Hafez Award. Shakiba won the Crystal Simorgh for Best Actor and his second Hafez Award for portraying Abdolhamid Rigi in When the Moon Was Full (2019).

Iraj Tahmasb
Iraj Tahmasb (Persian: ایرج طهماسب; born 21 May 1959) is an Iranian actor, screenwriter, and director of TV series and films. He is best known for co-creating of popular puppet character, Kolah Ghermezi.
Russell Elrod
Russell Elrod (November 30, 1904 - December 3, 1985) was a lawyer and long-serving state legislator in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas Senate including as President Pro Tempore of the Arkansas Senate in 1953.

He was born at Moseley Prairie in Delaware County, Oklahoma and schooled in Siloam Springs, Arkansas. He worked as a lawyer in Siloam Springs. He gained the nickname the "Little Fox" of Benton County. Elrod served from 1945 until 1968, when he was succeeded by Jim Caldwell. Elrod also served as Siloam Springs city attorney for 12 years. He is pictured in composite photographs of the Arkansas Senate in 1951 and 1965.

Elrod died December 3, 1985 aged 81.

Siloam Springs, Arkansas
Siloam Springs is a city in Benton County, Arkansas, United States, and located on the western edge of the Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 17,287. The community was founded in 1882 and was characterized by the purported healing powers of the spring water feeding Sager Creek and trading with nearby Native American tribes. The city shares a border on the Arkansas–Oklahoma state line with the city of West Siloam Springs, Oklahoma, which is within the Cherokee Nation territory. It is home of John Brown University.
Clemson Tigers men's soccer
The Clemson Tigers men's soccer team represent Clemson University in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I soccer. The program has won 4 NCAA national championships, 16 Atlantic Coast Conference championships, and hosted 4 Hermann Trophy winners (Bruce Murray in 1987, Wojtek Krakowiak in 1998, Robbie Robinson in 2019, and Ousmane Sylla in 2023).

2023 ACC men's soccer tournament
The 2023 ACC men's soccer tournament was the 37th edition of the ACC men's soccer tournament. The tournament decided the Atlantic Coast Conference champion and guaranteed representative into the 2023 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament. The final was played at WakeMed Soccer Park in Cary, North Carolina.

Syracuse are the defending tournament champions.

Syracuse was unable to defend their title as they fell to North Carolina in the Semifinals. Three of the top four seeds lost in the Quarterfinals, with fourth seed Clemson being the only top four seed to win. Clemson would go on to win the title, defeating North Carolina in the Final on penalties. The title was Clemson's fifth overall and second in four years. It was head coach Mike Noonan's third title as coach.
Editor-at-large
An editor-at-large is a journalist who contributes content to a magazine, newspaper, or online publication. They are typically credited in the publication's masthead, even if they technically are not on staff. They may have no responsibilities or their responsibilities may change project to project, or they may have another specialist role related indirectly to the magazine itself.

Sometimes such an editor is called a roving reporter or roving editor. Unlike an editor who works on a publication from day to day and is hands-on, an editor-at-large contributes content on a semi-regular basis and has less of a say in matters such as layout, pictures or the publication's direction.

Editor-at-large is a term often used in fashion magazines, usually appointing long-term editors or celebrities. Notable examples are Andre Leon Talley (1948–2022) of Vogue and Anna Dello Russo of Vogue Japan.

Picture editor
A picture editor, also known as a photo editor, is a professional who collects, reviews, and chooses photographs and/or photo illustrations for publication in alignment with preset guidelines. Publications include, but are not limited to, websites, books, magazines, newspapers, art galleries, museum catalogs, and corporate products, such as catalogs and annual reports. In choosing photographs and illustrations, picture editors take into account their publication's standards, needs, and budget.
St. Mary's Jacobite Syrian Cathedral Church, Karakunnam
St. Mary's Jacobite Syrian Cathedral Church, Karakunnam is a prominent Jacobite Syrian Orthodox church located atop a hill on the Muvattupuzha–Kothamangalam road, approximately three kilometers from Muvattupuzha in Kerala, India. The church holds significant historical, religious, and cultural importance in the Angamaly Diocese.

Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
The Jacobite Syrian Christian Church,  also known as the Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church, Malankara Jacobite Syrian Church, or the Syriac Orthodox Church in India is an autonomous maphrianate of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch based in Kerala, India and a part of the Oriental Orthodox Churches. It is headed by the Catholicos of India, Mor Baselios Joseph, within the hierarchy of Syriac Orthodox Church.

According to tradition, it was founded by Saint Thomas the Apostle. It is currently the only church in Malankara that maintains the hierarchy of the Syriac Orthodox Church under the Holy See of Antioch. The church employs the West Syriac Rite's Liturgy of Saint James.
Ilya Gershevitch
Ilya Gershevitch, FBA (24 October 1914 – 11 April 2001) was a noted Iranologist.

Gershevitch was born in Zürich to Russian parents Arkadi and Mila, who raised him in Smolensk, migrated to Germany and later fled from Germany to Switzerland at the outbreak of World War I.

Gershevitch enrolled in the University of Rome in 1933 and moved to England in 1938. In 1948, he became the first holder of a new Lectureship in Iranian Studies at Cambridge University. He became a Fellow of the British Academy in 1967 and later a corresponding member of the Accademia dei Lincei, the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters and the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1971, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Berne.

Gershevitch died in 2001 in Cambridge.

His work includes pioneering studies of the Bashkardi dialect, and the decipherment of Bactrian, besides contributions to Sogdian and Avestan philology, Ossetic, Elamite and Zoroastrian studies and Achaemenid history.

Accademia dei Lincei
The Accademia dei Lincei, anglicised as the Lincean Academy, was an Italian accademia active from 1603 to 1651. It was established in Rome in 1603 by Federico Cesi, and was named after the lynx, an animal whose sharp vision symbolizes the acuity that science requires. Galileo Galilei was the intellectual centre of the academy and adopted "Galileo Galilei Linceo" as his signature. Cesi died in 1630, and the academy was dissolved in or before 1651.

During the nineteenth century, it was revived, first in the Papal States and later in the nation of Italy. Thus the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, established in 1936, claims this heritage as the Accademia Pontificia dei Nuovi Lincei ("Pontifical Academy of the New Lynx-Eyed"), founded in 1847, descending from the first two incarnations of the Academy. Similarly, a lynx-eyed academy of the 1870s became the national academy of Italy, encompassing both literature and science among its concerns.
Prevertebral muscles
The prevertebral muscles are the muscles located between the prevertebral fascia (older definition) and the vertebral column, i.e., the longus capitis, longus colli, rectus capitis anterior, and rectus capitis lateralis muscles.

Rectus capitis anterior muscle
The rectus capitis anterior (rectus capitis anticus minor) is a short, flat muscle, situated immediately behind the upper part of the Longus capitis.

It arises from the anterior surface of the lateral mass of the atlas, and from the root of its transverse process, and passing obliquely upward and medialward, is inserted into the inferior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone immediately in front of the foramen magnum.

action: aids in flexion of the head and the neck;
nerve supply: C1, C2.
Environmental Performance Vehicles
Environmental Performance Vehicles (EPV), previously DesignLine Corporation, is a manufacturer of coach, electric and range-extended electric (hybrid) buses. It was founded in Ashburton, New Zealand in 1985. Initially it was a manufacturer of tour coaches.  In the 1990s it diversified into conventional transit buses and then added hybrid city buses in the late 1990s. It was acquired by American interests in 2006, and DesignLine Corporation's headquarters was relocated to Charlotte, North Carolina. Following a bankruptcy in 2013, the assets of DesignLine were sold and the company was renamed.

EPV is no longer affiliated with the DesignLine operations in New Zealand, which was placed in liquidation in 2011 and then sold to a Malaysian-controlled joint business venture who operate it under the name DesignLine Bus Pacific, which was renamed Global Bus Ventures (NZ) on 30 May 2016.

Ashburton, New Zealand
Ashburton (Māori: Hakatere) is a large town in the Canterbury Region, on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is the seat of the Ashburton District Council. It is 85 kilometres (53 mi) south west of Christchurch.

The town has a population of 21,600. It is the 29th-largest urban area in New Zealand and the fourth-largest urban area in the Canterbury Region, after Christchurch, Timaru and Rolleston.
Islam in Lebanon
Islam  has a long, continuous history in Lebanon. The majority of the Lebanese population in Lebanon is Muslim, although the precise percentage is difficult to ascertain. The Lebanese constitution officially guarantees freedom of religion for government-registered religions, including five denominations of Islam, although a blasphemy law and restrictions on religious groups that "disturb the public order" exist as well. Under the Taif Agreement, Muslims are allocated proportional representation across multiple governmental positions.

The Lebanese Druze community are sometimes counted as a branch of Islam within Lebanon, though most Druze followers do not consider themselves Muslim and do not follow the Five Pillars of Islam.

Lebanese Sunni Muslims
Lebanese Sunni Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون السنة اللبنانيين) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias. Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to a CIA 2018 study, Lebanese Sunni Muslims constitute an estimated 30.6% of Lebanon's population.

The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's capital city - Beirut (West Beirut /or Beirut II), as well as Tripoli, Sidon, Western Beqaa, and in the countryside of the Akkar, Arsal. They also have a notable presence in Zahlé, Southern Lebanon, Marjaayoun and Chebaa.

Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only ones eligible for the post of Prime Minister.
Natalia Ivanova (taekwondo)
Natalia Nikolayevna Ivanova (Russian: Наталья Николаевна Иванова; born 1 September 1971) is a Russian taekwondo practitioner and Olympic medalist. She competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney where she received a silver medal in the +67 kg class. She won a silver medal in heavyweight at the 1997 World Taekwondo Championships in Hong Kong, after defeating Chiu Meng-jen in the semifinal, and being defeated by Jung Myoung-sook in the final. She also competed at the 1995, 1999, 2001 and 2003 World Taekwondo Championships. She won gold medals at the 1996, 1998 and 2002 European Taekwondo Championships.

Jung Myoung-sook
Jung Myoung-sook (born 4 May 1975) is a South Korean taekwondo practitioner.

She won a gold medal in heavyweight at the 1993 World Taekwondo Championships, and again gold medals at the 1995 and 1997 World Taekwondo Championships. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Asian Taekwondo Championships in Ho Chi Minh City and a gold medal at the 1998 Asian Taekwondo Championships in Bangkok.
People's Progressive Party (The Gambia)
The People's Progressive Party is a political party in the Gambia. It was the dominant ruling party of the Gambia from 1962 to 1994, during the presidency of party founder Dawda Jawara.

The People's Progressive Party lost power after the 1994 Gambian coup d'état, which saw the beginning of the authoritarian regime of Yahya Jammeh. The Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (APRC) then became the dominant party of the Gambia. Today, the People's Progressive Party remains active, but lacks the same level of influence it exercised in the late 20th century.

1981 Gambian coup attempt
The 1981 Gambian coup d'état attempt began on 30 July 1981 and was quashed in early August following a Senegalese military intervention. The insurrection was carried out by members of the Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party and disaffected staff of the Gambia Field Force. At the time, President Dawda Jawara was in the United Kingdom attending the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer. The failure of the coup precipitated the creation of the Senegambia Confederation in 1982.

The coup attempt led to the loss of 500–1,000 lives.
Syrtbyttnosi
Syrtbyttnosi is a mountain in Skjåk Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,700-metre (5,600 ft) tall mountain is located in the Breheimen mountains and inside the Breheimen National Park, about 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of the village of Grotli and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the Jostedalen valley. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Tundradalskyrkja and Tverrådalskyrkja to the southeast, Røykjeskarhøi and Rivenoskulen to the south, and Sprongeggi and Tverreggi to the northwest.

Breheimen
Breheimen is a mountain range in the Innlandet and Vestland counties in Norway. The area lies west of the Jotunheimen mountain range. The mountain range lies to the northwest of the Sognefjellsvegen road, north of the Sognefjorden, south of the Nordfjorden and Norwegian National Road 15, and east of Norwegian National Road 5 and European route E39. The mountain range includes Jostedalsbreen National Park and Breheimen National Park.

The name Breheimen means "home of the glaciers", since it has many glaciers, including Norway's largest glacier, Jostedalsbreen. Other glaciers in the range include Harbardsbreen and Spørteggbreen. Some of the major mountains in the area include Skåla, Lodalskåpa, Høgste Breakulen, Tverrådalskyrkja, Hestbrepiggene, and Brenibba. The region is home to several large lakes such as Austdalsvatnet and Styggevatnet.
Long Term Parking
"Long Term Parking" is the 64th episode of the HBO original series The Sopranos and the 12th of the show's fifth season. Written by Terence Winter and directed by Tim Van Patten, it originally aired on May 23, 2004.

This episode was the most watched program on U.S. cable television on the original week of broadcast. Critical reception was positive, regarding the plot depth and acting of Michael Imperioli and Drea de Matteo.

Silvio Dante
Silvio Manfred Dante is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos, portrayed by Steven Van Zandt. He is the consigliere and right-hand man to Tony Soprano in the DiMeo crime family. John Magaro portrays a young Silvio Dante in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark.
Serhiy Kryvtsov
Serhiy Andriyovych Kryvtsov (Ukrainian: Сергі́й Андрі́йович Кривцо́в; born 15 March 1991) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a defender for the Ukraine national team. He is currently a free agent.

2010–11 Ukrainian Premier League
The 2010–11 Ukrainian Premier League season was the 20th since its establishment and third since its reorganization. Shakhtar Donetsk were the defending champions, having won their 5th league title. A total of sixteen teams participated in the competition, fourteen of them contested the 2009–10 season while the remaining two were promoted from the Ukrainian First League.

The competition began on 9 July 2010 with four games. After the 19th Round, the competition was suspended for the winter break and resumed on 3 March 2011.

On 6 May 2011, Shakhtar Donetsk retained the championship with a 2–0 derby victory over rivals Metalurh Donetsk.

The top five teams were exactly the same as the previous season.
William Henry Brett (British Columbia politician)
William Henry Brett (August 25, 1895 – April 30, 1972) was a Canadian politician and fisherman who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia representing the riding of Prince Rupert from 1945 to 1949 as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation.

Brett was born in Fogo, Newfoundland and Labrador, in 1895 and joined the Royal Navy Reserve at the start of World War I and served overseas. After the war, he settled in Prince Rupert, British Columbia, where he was involved in deep sea fishing. Brett was president of the Deep Sea Fisherman's Union local and of the Prince Rupert Fisherman's Credit Union. He later served as general manager of the Fisherman's Co-operative. Brett served three years on Prince Rupert city council. He defeated former premier Thomas Dufferin Pattullo to win his seat in the assembly in 1945. Brett was defeated by John Duncan McRae when he ran for reelection in 1949. He died in Prince Rupert at the age of 76.

John Duncan McRae
John Duncan McRae (May 28, 1915 – June 25, 1999) was an American-Canadian politician, businessman and merchant who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) representing the riding of Prince Rupert from 1949 to 1952 as a member of the Liberal-Conservative Coalition. In the 1952 general election, McRae ran for reelection as a member of the Liberal Party, but lost to George Edwin Hills.
Banks and Politics in America
Banks and Politics in America (1957) (ISBN 0691005532) is a book by Bray Hammond, which describes the differences in banking and politics in the United States between the American Revolution and the Civil War period. The book was awarded the 1958 Pulitzer Prize for History.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Empadão
Empadão is a traditional Portuguese dish, also popular in Brazil. It is made in an oven and can contain red meat, chicken, tuna, codfish and seafood between layers of mashed potato, dry dough, rice, bread or inside of wheat flour pasta, although the ground meat-mashed potatoes version is the more traditionally used, similar to the English shepherd's pie.

The filling consists usually of a refogado of red ground/sliced meat or codfish with onion and garlic. Tomato, mushrooms, sweet corn, green peas and requeijão are also used. In one recipe, empadão is made using only pão ralado (ground bread) and eggs as a filling which is then cooked in the oven like a pudding.

Olives are also used as a topping.

Sofrito
Sofrito (Spanish: [soˈfɾito]), sofregit (Catalan: [sufɾəˈʒit]), soffritto (Italian: [sofˈfritto]), sofrit (French: [sofʁi]), refogado (Portuguese: [ʁɨfuˈɣaðu]) or sueztitze (Basque: [s̺ues̻ˈtits̻e]) typically consists of aromatic ingredients cut into small pieces and sautéed or braised in cooking oil for a long period of time over a low heat, then used as a foundation for a variety of dishes. It is a basic preparation in Mediterranean and Latin American cooking.

The word sofrito derives from the Spanish verb sofreír, meaning 'to stir-fry'.
Åre Bergbana
Åre Bergbana is a funicular railway located in Åre, Jämtland County, Sweden. It is 790-metre (2,590 ft) long and runs between the town square at 398 metres (1,306 ft) amsl and the hotel Fjällgården at 556 metres (1,824 ft) amsl. The funicular was built as the first fixed link up to the fell by Von Roll from 1908 to 1910 at a cost of 230,000 SEK and inaugurated 7 March 1910.

Åre Bergbana has enjoyed the status of byggnadsminne (listed building) since 22 August 2008. This includes the funicular itself, the two station buildings, a park and the so-called Grottan (English: The Cave) — the street going from the town square station to the old railway station.

Listed buildings in Sweden
A listed building in Sweden (Swedish: byggnadsminne) enjoys the strongest legal, cultural, and historical protection available. Listed buildings range widely from Medieval castles to a cinema from the 1950s. The listing is not restricted to buildings per se; parks, gardens or other sites of cultural or historical significance are also protected by law. Listed buildings recount the passage of history and how Swedish society has changed over time. More than 2,000 buildings and sites have been protected as listed buildings in Sweden.

The purpose of listing buildings and environments is to protect traces of history that have had great significance for the understanding of today's society and to guarantee people's access to the Swedish cultural heritage. To protect the cultural and historical value of the buildings, Swedish law provides protective measures to be taken for each such listed building or site.

There are two kinds of listed buildings: individual and government.