hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Cape Palos (1758)
The Battle of Cape Palos was a naval engagement that took place between 9 and 10 June 1758, during the Spanish-Barbary Wars. A Spanish squadron of three warships intercepted an Algerian squadron of two warships escorting a prize ship. After a prolonged fight, the Algiers flagship surrendered. His consort eluded the battle, but wrecked and the prize ship escaped. Algiers flagship sank from the damage, but there were several prisoners and Christian slaves released.

Barbary Coast
The Barbary Coast (also Barbary, Berbery, or Berber Coast) were the coastal areas of central and western North Africa, more specifically, the Maghreb and the Ottoman borderlands consisting of the regencies in Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, as well as the Sultanate of Morocco from the 16th to 19th centuries. The term originates from an exonym for the Berbers.
Tsurugaoka Castle
Tsurugaoka Castle (鶴ヶ岡城, Tsurugaoka-jō) is a flatland-style Japanese castle constructed in early Edo period in the city of Tsuruoka, Yamagata. It was the seat of the Sakai clan, a fudai daimyō clan who ruled over Shōnai Domain, Dewa Province in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate.

Tsuruoka
Tsuruoka (鶴岡市, Tsuruoka-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2020, the city had an estimated population of  125,389 in 49,024 households, and a population density of 95.74 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 1,311.53 square kilometres (506.38 square miles). Tsuruoka is the biggest city in Tōhoku region in terms of land area.

Today's Tsuruoka is the result of the fusion of several neighborhoods around the center of the city such as Atsumi, Asahi, Fujishima, Kushibiki, and Haguro in 1953.
2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Bretagne
The 2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Bretagne made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the Brittany leagues took part in the main competition from round 7. This was the 100th season of the French football cup competition. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and is open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia (qualification via 2016 New Caledonia Cup), Tahiti (qualification via 2016 Tahiti Cup), Réunion, and Saint Martin).

The qualifying rounds took place between August and October 2016.

2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds
The 2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams took part in the main competition from round 7. This was the 100th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and was open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia (qualification via 2016 New Caledonia Cup), Tahiti (qualification via 2016 Tahiti Cup), Réunion, and Saint Martin).

The qualifying rounds took place between March and October 2016.
Nils Winter
Nils Winter (born 27 March 1977 in Buxtehude) is a German long jumper.

He finished seventh at the 2005 European Indoor Athletics Championships and the 2007 European Indoor Athletics Championships. Before this he had competed at the 2003 World Championships, 2004 World Indoor Championships and the 2004 Summer Olympics without reaching the finals.

His personal best jump is 8.21 metres, achieved in June 2005 in Bad Langensalza. This ranks him tenth among German long jumpers, behind Lutz Dombrowski, Frank Paschek, Josef Schwarz, Henry Lauterbach, Marco Delonge, Konstantin Krause, Dietmar Haaf, Ron Beer and Uwe Lange, and equal to Georg Ackermann and Christian Thomas.

Josef Schwarz
Josef "Sepp" Schwarz (born 20 May 1941 in Strabowitz, Sudetenland, 9.Germany; today Třebovice, Czech Republic) is a retired German long jumper. He represented West Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. Schwarz set the world's best year performance in the men's long jump in the year 1970: 8.35 metres (personal best); this also was the world record at low altitude, until 1975. He also had winning performances in 1970 at the European Cup in Sarajevo and the West German Championships.
HWW Limited
HWW was an Australian-based organisation which supplied television and movies metadata to a broad range of clients across new and traditional media including: online publishers, subscription television providers, IPTV providers, HbbTV providers and print publishers.

HWW data powered recording, navigation, discovery and recommendation functions across a range of devices and platforms including web, mobile and set top boxes. HWW was the official provider of Foxtel listings in Australia. Customers included Foxtel, Freeview, Samsung, Telstra and Beamly.

HWW also licenses its proprietary data management software, DataGenius, to operators internationally to customers including Integral and Multichoice.

Foxtel
NXE Australia Pty Ltd, trading as the Foxtel Group, is an Australian pay television company that operates direct broadcast satellite television, and IPTV streaming services. It was formed in April 2018, superseding an earlier company from 1995. The service was established as a 50/50 joint venture between News Corp Australia (which held a controlling 65% stake) and Telstra (which held the remaining 35%).

Since 2025, the company is owned by DAZN. It shares many features with the Sky service in the UK and Ireland – including the iQ box, the electronic programme guide, a similar remote control, and Red Button Active.
Strzemeszna Pierwsza
Strzemeszna Pierwsza [stʂɛˈmɛʂna ˈpjɛrfʂa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerniewice, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Czerniewice, 22 km (14 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 54 km (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Czerniewice
Czerniewice [t͡ʂɛrɲɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Czerniewice. It lies on the Krzemionka River, approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 50 km (31 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. It was probably founded in the 14th century.

In 2004 the village had a population of 730.
Koolkhan, New South Wales
Koolkhan  is a locality north of Grafton on the Summerland Way in northern New South Wales, Australia. The North Coast railway passes through, and a now-closed railway station named after Matthew Norman was provided from 1905. Boom barriers were placed at the Copmanhurst road railway level crossing in November 2014. Koolkhan power station was a coal-fired thermal station of about 20 MW that operated from 1952 to 1979. Coal came from the Nymboida mine. The station was located beside the river and used this water for condenser cooling and boiler make-up. It was the largest power station on the North Coast of NSW. It consisted of 3 turbo generators and six water tube boilers.

Grafton, New South Wales
Grafton (Bundjalung: Gumbin Gir) is a city in the Northern Rivers region of the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located on the Clarence River, on a floodplain, approximately 620 kilometres (385 mi) by road north-northeast of the state capital Sydney.

The closest major cities, Brisbane and the Gold Coast, are located across the border in South East Queensland. At the 2021 census, Grafton had a population of 19,255. The city is the largest settlement and, with Maclean, the shared administrative centre of the Clarence Valley Council local government area, which is home to over 50,000 people in all.
El-Haria
El Haria is a location and archaeological site in Tunisia North of Kairouan. The site gives its name to the El Haria Formation, a geological structure of the Paleocene era that covers much of central Tunisia.
The site is also covered in numerous Roman era ruins and is tentatively identified as the site of an ancient Roman town.

Kairouan
Kairouan (UK: /ˌkaɪər(ʊ)ˈwɑːn/, US: /kɛərˈ-/), also spelled El Qayrawān or Kairwan (Arabic: ٱلْقَيْرَوَان, romanized: al-Qayrawān [æl qɑjrɑˈwæːn] ⓘ, Tunisian Arabic: Qeirwān [qɪrˈwɛːn] ⓘ), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city was founded by the Umayyads around 670, in the period of Caliph Mu'awiya (reigned 661–680); this is when it became an important centre for Sunni Islamic scholarship and Quranic learning, attracting Muslims from various parts of the world. The Mosque of Uqba is situated in the city.
Ectasia
Ectasia (/ɛkˈteɪʒə/), also called ectasis (/ˈɛktəsɪs/), is dilation or distention of a hollow or tubular structure, either normal or pathophysiologic but usually the latter (except in atelectasis, where absence of ectasis is the problem).

Intracranial dolichoectasias
The term dolichoectasia means elongation and distension.  It is used to characterize arteries throughout the human body which have shown significant deterioration of their tunica intima (and occasionally the tunica media), weakening the vessel walls and causing the artery to elongate and distend.
Toxidium ultimum
Toxidium ultimum is a species of beetle in the family Staphylinidae. This species is found in south-eastern Brazil (Minas Gerais).

Adults reach a length of about 1.56–1.70 mm and have a dark brown body. The apex of the elytra is yellow-ochreous.

Adults have been collected from an Inonotus species located on a tree in front of an avenue.

Rove beetle
The rove beetles are a family (Staphylinidae) of beetles, primarily distinguished by their short elytra (wing covers) that typically leave more than half of their abdominal segments exposed. With over 66,000 species in thousands of genera, the group is one of the largest families in the beetle order, and one of the largest families of organisms. It is an ancient group that first appeared during the Middle Jurassic based on definitive records of fossilized rove beetles, with the Late Triassic taxon Leehermania more likely belonging to Myxophaga. They are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of beetles, and commonly encountered in terrestrial ecosystems.

One well-known species is the devil's coach-horse beetle (Ocypus olens). For some other species, see list of British rove beetles.

The family was first described in 1802 by Pierre André Latreille.
Institute of the Right of Peace and Development - IDPD
The Institute of the Right of Peace and Development (IDPD, French: Institut du droit de la paix et du développement) is a French research institute in the field of international law located in Nice, France.

IDPD was established by René-Jean Dupuy (former president of Hague Academy of International Law) in 1968, and is a brainchild of the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis. It proposes MA, and Ph.D level programmes in various fields of international law and European law, including international security, functioning of international organizations, law of the sea and space law.

Considering the aims it pursues, the Institute works in close collaboration with other international organisations, such as the International Institute of Humanitarian Law, Sanremo or the Hague Academy of International Law.

The Hague Academy of International Law
The Hague Academy of International Law (French: Académie de droit international de La Haye) is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Courses are taught in English and French and, except for External Programme Courses, are held in the Peace Palace.

The academy is notable for its Summer Courses Programme. The academy's alumni, faculty, and administration have included heads of state; foreign ministers; ambassadors; 12 judges of the International Court of Justice; one former secretary-general of the United Nations, Boutros Boutros-Ghali; and two Nobel Prize recipients.
Privatization of public land (United States)
In the United States, land owned and managed by governmental organizations is referred to as public land. As of 2020, the federal government owns roughly 640 million acres of land, the majority of which is concentrated in the Western US and Alaska. Privatization of public land involves the selling or auctioning of public lands to the private sector. The private sector can refer to private individuals, industry, or corporations.

Public land
In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Commonwealth realms). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countries.  The following examples illustrate some of the range.
Birdwell, South Yorkshire
Birdwell is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England and is located approximately 3.5 miles (6 km) south of Barnsley, 10.5 miles (17 km) north-east of Sheffield. Birdwell currently falls within the Rockingham Ward of the Barnsley Metropolitan Council, although plans to add most of Birdwell to the Worsbrough Ward were proposed again in 2024.

Neighbouring areas of Birdwell include Worsbrough Village, Tankersley and Hoyland Common.

The A61 (Sheffield Road) passes north–south through the length of Birdwell, and at the southern end is Birdwell Roundabout which is the junction between the M1 motorway at Junction 36 and the A61. The roundabout also marks the start of the Dearne Valley Parkway, a relatively new dual carriageway which links the M1 at Junction 36 to the A1 at Marr (near Doncaster).

Dearne Valley
The Dearne Valley (DURN) is an area of South Yorkshire, England, along the River Dearne.  It encompasses the towns of  Wombwell, Wath-upon-Dearne, Swinton, Conisbrough and Mexborough, the large villages of Ardsley, Bolton on Dearne, Goldthorpe, Thurnscoe, Darfield, Stairfoot and Brampton Bierlow, and many other smaller villages and hamlets.

In 1995, the area became a regeneration area, as it had suffered much from the sudden decline of the deep coal mining industry in the 1980s.  In the 2011 census, the ONS-identified Barnsley/Dearne Valley built-up area had a population of 223,281; however, this region includes Barnsley and certain other smaller towns and villages that might not historically have considered themselves a part of the Dearne Valley.
2009–10 Elitserien season
The 2009–10 Elitserien season was the 35th season of Elitserien. It started on September 21, 2009, and ended on March 13, 2010. The playoffs started on March 18, 2010, and ended on April 24, 2010. HV71 won the playoffs, beating Timrå IK 4–1 in the quarter final series, Skellefteå AIK 4–1 in the semifinal series, and Djurgårdens IF 4–2 in the final series. The season had a mid-season break that started on February 9 and ended on February 26 to allow participation of Elitserien players in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

In Kvalserien, Södertälje SK requalified and AIK qualified for the 2010–11 Elitserien season at the expense of Rögle BK.

Timrå IK
Timrå Ishockeyklubb is a professional Swedish ice hockey team based in Timrå, north of Sundsvall. It competes in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), which is the top-tier league in Sweden, since being promoted by winning 2021 SHL qualifiers. Previous seasons in the top Swedish division include 1956–57 to 1975–76, 1977–78, 1981–82, 2000–01 to 2012–13 and 2018–19. The team's home venue is Timrå Isstadion with a capacity of 6,000 spectators.

The club was founded on 11 May 1928 as a boxing club and started the ice hockey section in 1937. Timrå are historically traditional rivals with Modo Hockey since they both are situated in Västernorrland County and are playing in the professional ice hockey leagues in Sweden.
Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty
The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty, also known as the Moscow Peace Treaty, was signed between Lithuania and Soviet Russia on July 12, 1920. In exchange for Lithuania's neutrality and permission to move its troops in the territory that was recognised during its war against Poland, Soviet Russia recognized the sovereignty of Lithuania. The treaty was a major milestone in Lithuania's struggle for international recognition and recognised Lithuania's eastern borders. Interwar Lithuania officially maintained that its de jure borders were those delineated by the treaty although a large territory, the Vilnius Region, was actually controlled by Poland.

Ratification documents were exchanged in Moscow on October 14, 1920. The treaty was registered in the League of Nations Treaty Series on March 8, 1921.

Vilna offensive
The Vilna offensive was a campaign of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921. The Polish army launched an offensive on April 16, 1919, to take Vilnius from the Red Army. After three days of street fighting from April 19–21, the city was captured by Polish forces, causing the Red Army to retreat. During the offensive, the Poles also succeeded in securing the nearby cities of Lida, Pinsk, Navahrudak, and Baranovichi.

The Red Army launched a series of counterattacks in late April, all of which failed.  The Soviets briefly recaptured the city a year later, in spring 1920, when the Polish army was retreating along the entire front. In the aftermath, the Vilna offensive would cause much turmoil on the political scene in Poland and abroad.
TIMvision
TIMvision (formerly Cubovision) is an Italian Internet video on demand service by TIM.

It offers television shows, movies, and series, for rental or purchase through the use of a decoder as well as video on demand, smart TV, Android, and iOS device. From 2018, TIMvision produces original TV shows, such as the Italian version of Skam, known as Skam Italia.

Sky Italia
Sky Italia S.r.l. is an Italian satellite television platform owned by the American media conglomerate Comcast. Sky Italia also broadcasts three national free-to-air television channels: TV8, Cielo, and Sky TG24.

Pay TV services on the Sky Italia satellite platform are broadcast on the Hot Bird satellites at 13.0°E and are encrypted in NDS VideoGuard.
Maribavir
Maribavir, sold under the brand name Livtencity, is an antiviral medication that is used to treat post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV). Maribavir is a cytomegalovirus pUL97 kinase inhibitor that works by preventing the activity of human cytomegalovirus enzyme pUL97, thus blocking virus replication.

The most common side effects include taste disturbance, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and fatigue.

Maribavir was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2021, and in the European Union in November 2022. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Valganciclovir
Valganciclovir, sold under the brand name Valcyte among others, is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in those with HIV/AIDS or following organ transplant. It is often used long term as it only suppresses rather than cures the infection. Valganciclovir is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include abdominal pain, headaches, trouble sleeping, nausea, fever, and low blood cell counts. Other side effects may include infertility and kidney problems. When used during pregnancy, it causes birth defects in some animals. Valganciclovir is the L-valyl ester of ganciclovir and works when broken down into ganciclovir by the intestine and liver.

Valganciclovir was approved for medical use in 2001. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2017, a generic version was approved.
Ubara-Tutu
Ubara-tutu (or Ubartutu) of Shuruppak was the last antediluvian king of Sumer, according to some versions of the Sumerian King List. He was said to have reigned for 18,600 years (5 sars and 1 ner). He was the son of En-men-dur-ana, a Sumerian mythological figure often compared to Enoch, as he entered heaven without dying. Ubara-Tutu was the king of Sumer until a flood swept over his land.

Ubara-tutu is briefly mentioned in tablet XI of the Epic of Gilgamesh. He is identified as the father of Utnapishtim, a character who is instructed by the god Ea to build a boat in order to survive the coming flood.

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Saint-Vincent-en-Bresse
Saint-Vincent-en-Bresse (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɑ̃ bʁɛs], literally Saint-Vincent in Bresse) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

It lies 22 km (14 mi) southeast of Chalon-sur-Saône and 16 km (10 mi) west-northwest of Louhans.

Louhans
Louhans (French pronunciation: [lu.ɑ̃]) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. Louhans is the capital of Bresse bourguignonne and a subprefecture of the department.
Carex annectens
Carex annectens, sometimes called yellow-fruited fox sedge, is a species of sedge native to most of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. It is common in prairies and high-water table fallow fields. In the Chicago area, its coefficient of conservatism is 3 (out of 10), and in Michigan, it is only 1, indicating its relatively low fidelity to high quality habitats.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Gözleme
Gözleme is a savory Turkish stuffed turnover. The dough is usually unleavened, and made only with flour, salt and water, but gözleme can be made from yeast dough as well. It is similar to bazlama, but is lightly brushed with butter or oil, whereas bazlama is prepared without fat. The dough is rolled thin, then filled with various toppings, sealed, and cooked over a griddle. Gözleme may sometimes be made from prepackaged hand-rolled leaves of yufka dough.

Fillings for gözleme are numerous and vary by region and personal preference, and include a variety of meats (minced beef, chopped lamb, fresh or smoked seafood, sujuk, pastirma), vegetables (spinach, zucchini, eggplant, leek, chard, various peppers, onion, scallion, shallot, garlic), mushrooms (porcino, chanterelle, truffle), tubers (potatoes, yams, radish), cheeses (feta, Turkish white cheese (beyaz peynir), lavaş, çökelek, kasseri, and kashkaval), as well as eggs, seasonal herbs, and spices.

Sujuk
Sujuk, sugou or sucuk (/suːˈd͡ʒʊk/) is a dry, spicy and fermented sausage which is consumed in several Anatolian, Balkan, Middle Eastern and Central Asian cuisines. Sujuk mainly consists of ground meat and animal fat usually obtained from beef or lamb, but beef is mainly used in Turkey, Egypt, Sudan, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Armenia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.