hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RANAP
In telecommunications networks, RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part) is a protocol specified by 3GPP in TS 25.413
and used in UMTS for signaling between the Core Network, which can be a MSC or SGSN, and the UTRAN. RANAP is carried over Iu-interface.

RANAP signalling protocol resides in the control plane of Radio network layer of Iu interface in the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) protocol stack. Iu interface is the interface between RNC (Radio Network Controller) and CN (Core Network). nb. For Iu-ps transport RANAP is carried on SCTP if IP interface used on this.

RANAP handles signaling for the Iu-PS - RNC and 3G SGSN and Iu-CS - RNC and 3G MSC . It also provides the signaling channel to transparently pass messages between the User Equipment (UE) and the CN.

In LTE, RANAP has been replaced by S1AP.
In SA (standalone) installations of 5G, S1AP will be replaced by NGAP.

GPRS core network
The GPRS core network is the central part of the general packet radio service (GPRS) which allows 2G, 3G and WCDMA mobile networks to transmit Internet Protocol (IP) or X.25 packets to external networks such as the Internet.  The GPRS system is an integrated part of the GSM network switching subsystem.

The network provides mobility management, session management and transport for IP packet services in GSM and WCDMA networks.  The core network also provides support for other functions such as billing and lawful interception.  It was also proposed, at one stage, to support packet radio services in the US D-AMPS TDMA system, however, in practice, all of these networks have been converted to GSM so this option has become irrelevant.

PRS module is an open standards driven system. The standardization body is the 3GPP.
Piedmont Regional Library System
The Piedmont Regional Library System (PRLS) is a consortium of ten public libraries serving the counties of Banks, Barrow, and Jackson, Georgia, United States.

PRLS is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to over 10.6 million books in the system's circulation. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

Georgia Public Library Service
The Georgia Public Library Service (GPLS) is the state agency for libraries in the U.S. State of Georgia and a unit of the University System of Georgia. The service was initially founded in 1996 after the inception of the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA), and in July 2000 moved from the Georgia Department of Technical and Adult Education (DTAE) to the Georgia Board of Regents and University System of Georgia. Julie Walker is the current State Librarian.
Sri Lanka Railways M6
Sri Lanka Railways M6 is a class of Diesel-electric locomotives imported to Sri Lanka in 1979. Most of these locomotives are still in active service with Sri Lanka Railways, the national rail operator.

Sri Lanka Railways S12
Sri Lanka Railways S12 is a class of Diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU) built for Sri Lanka Railways by China's CSR Corporation. The first batch arrived in Sri Lanka in August 2012. They were built to replace locomotive-hauled passenger trains. Seven of the S12 DMUs were ordered to strengthen long-distance travel on the Main line from Colombo to Badulla. Four of S12s were built to serve the Kelani Valley Line. The remaining set was designed as a luxury train.
Walthourville, Georgia
Walthourville (/ˈwɔːltaʊərvɪl/) is a city in Liberty County, Georgia, United States. When it was incorporated in 1974, it had a government entirely composed of women; and in 1978 it elected Carrie Kent, the first African-American woman mayor in Georgia history. Walthourville is a part of the Hinesville-Fort Stewart metropolitan statistical area (MSA). The population was 3,680 at the 2020 Census.

Fort Stewart
Fort Stewart is a United States Army post in the U.S. state of Georgia. It lies primarily in Liberty and Bryan counties, but also extends into smaller portions of Evans, Long, and Tattnall Counties. The nearby city of Hinesville, along with Ft. Stewart and the rest of Liberty and Long Counties, comprise the Hinesville metropolitan area. Much of Fort Stewart's garrison are members of the 3rd Infantry Division.

The Fort Stewart Military Reservation includes about 280,000 acres (1,100 km2), including land that was formerly the town of Clyde, Georgia.
2008 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 2008 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 120th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place in December 2007. The championship began on 18 April 2008 and ended on 5 October 2008.

Nemo Rangers entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 5 October 2008, Nemo Rangers won the championship following a 0-13 to 0-05 defeat of Douglas in the final. This was their 17th championship title overall and their fourth title in succession.

James Masters from the Nemo Rangers club was the championship's top scorer with 1-30.

1887 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1887 Cork Senior Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1887. The championship began on 6 March 1887 and ended on 10 July 1887.

On 10 July 1887, Lees won the championship following a 0–04 to 0–01 defeat of Lisgoold in the final at Cork Park. The club subsequently represented Cork in the 1887 All-Ireland Championship.
Karataş Islets
Karataş Islets are two Mediterranean islets in Turkey.

The islands face Karataş ilçe (district) of Adana Province at 36°33′23″N 35°23′21″E﻿ / ﻿36.55639°N 35.38917°E﻿ / 36.55639; 35.38917 and 36°33′27″N 35°23′44″E﻿ / ﻿36.55750°N 35.39556°E﻿ / 36.55750; 35.39556. Their distance to Karataş is less than 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). The area of the western islet is about 5,000 square metres (54,000 sq ft) and the area of the eastern islet is about 7,000 square metres (75,000 sq ft).

According to the municipality of Karataş these two islets were named "Didimae" in the antiquity. Currently, the islands are uninhabited but the ruins around the islets show that the islets were inhabited in the antiquity. According to the researcher İsa Besiç, during the construction of some 19th-century buildings in the mainland (Anatolia) construction material from the islets were used.

Karataş
Karataş (Turkish for black stone) is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey. Its area is 862 km2, and its population is 23,499 (2022). The town itself has 10,293 inhabitants. It is on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, 47 km from the city of Adana, between the rivers Seyhan and Ceyhan, the Pyramos of Antiquity.
Amity Gaige
Amity Gaige (born 1972) is an American novelist. She has written five books and was a 2016 Guggenheim Fellow in Fiction. Gaige is also an academic, currently working as a Lecturer in English at Yale University.

National Book Foundation's 5 Under 35
The National Book Foundation's 5 Under 35 prize, established in 2006, is an annual honor presented by the National Book Foundation to five authors under the age of 35 who released their debut novel in the previous five years. Honorees are nominated by authors who were previously honored with a National Book Award or 5 Under 35 nomination. Honorees receive a $1,250 prize.
Peter Sacco
Patrick Peter Sacco (October 23, 1928, Albion, New York – August 12, 2000, Ashland, Oregon) was an American composer and singer.

Sacco, under the tutelage of family members, was a traveling musician as a child, playing piano and performing as a soprano vocalist. He studied at Eastman Preparatory School during World War II, then received a bachelor's degree at SUNY-Fredonia in 1950. He then entered the military and studied while in Frankfurt under Wolfgang Niederste-Schee; he also performed on piano and organ and played clarinet as a member of the 4th Infantry Division band.

After completing his military service, he returned to Eastman, where he earned both master's and doctoral degrees, studying under Wayne Barlow, Howard Hanson, and Bernard Rogers. In 1959, he joined the faculty at San Francisco State University, remaining there until 1980; in 1970-71 he was visiting lecturer at the University of Hawaii.

Sacco performed as a tenor for many years and composed at least 200 works.

Howard Hanson
Howard Harold Hanson (October 28, 1896 – February 26, 1981) was an American composer, conductor, educator and music theorist. As director for forty years of the Eastman School of Music, he raised its quality and provided opportunities for commissioning and performing American classical music. In 1944, he won a Pulitzer Prize for his Symphony No. 4, and received numerous other awards, including the George Foster Peabody Award for Outstanding Entertainment in Music in 1946.
Byavisa Sandefjord
Byavisa Sandefjord (Norwegian for 'Sandefjord City Paper'), known as Vestfold Blad (Norwegian for 'Vestfold Paper') until 2014, was a local free newspaper in Sandefjord, Norway. Owned by the media conglomerate Content Media, the paper was published weekly and later biweekly, and competed with Sandefjords Blad. Founded in 2010, Byavisa Sandefjord ran on deficits for most of its existence, before 2018, when the paper was shut down.

Free newspaper
Free newspapers are distributed free of charge, often in central places in cities and towns, on public transport, with other newspapers, or separately door-to-door. The revenues of such newspapers are based on advertising. They are published at different levels of frequencies, such as daily, weekly or monthly.
A:shiwi A:wan Museum and Heritage Center
35°03′58″N 108°51′06″W﻿ / ﻿35.065988°N 108.851729°W﻿ / 35.065988; -108.851729

The A:shiwi A:wan Museum and Heritage Center is located in Zuni, New Mexico, United States. Jim Enote is the museum's executive director.

The Zuni tribe began planning the museum in the 1960s and 1970s. After struggling with funding, the museum became a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in 1992 and started out with one room of exhibits of Zuni life ways. Its current building was once a trading post, called the Hebadina Building.

A permanent exhibit, "The Hawikku: 'Echoes From Our Past'" educates visitors about creation, migrations, and the last 500 years of Zuni history. Photographs from the 19th century up to the 21st century illustrate Zuni life. On the grounds are traditional Zuni waffle gardens created through a partnership of the museum and the Zuni Farmers Co-operative.

The museum cohosts the Zuni Festival of Arts and Culture every May with the Museum of Northern Arizona.

Zuni Indian Reservation
The Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation is a federally recognized tribe and Indian reservation of Zuni people in western New Mexico. In Zuni language, the Zuni Pueblo people are referred to as A:shiwi, and the Zuni homeland is referred to as Halona Idiwan’a meaning "Middle Place". The primary settlement and seat of government of the reservation is Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.
William K. Jones
William Kenefick Jones (October 23, 1916 – April 15, 1998) was a United States Marine Corps lieutenant general  and a highly decorated veteran of three wars. His distinguished career included service as a battalion commander in World War II, regimental commander following the Korean War, and division commander during the Vietnam War. Jones was awarded the  Navy Cross, Silver Star, Bronze Star, and Purple Heart for his valor. His final assignment was as commander of the Fleet Marine Force, Pacific. He retired in 1972 after 33 years of active duty.

1st Battalion, 6th Marines
The 1st Battalion, 6th Marines (1/6) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based in Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. It consists of approximately 1,100 marines and sailors. They fall under the command of the 6th Marine Regiment, the 2nd Marine Division of the II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF).
Liam Doyle (hurler)
Liam Doyle (born 1968) is an Irish hurling coach and former player. At club level he played with Bodyke and at inter-county level with the Clare senior hurling team. Doyle later served as a manager and selector.

All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was a hurling competition organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland. The competition was originally contested by the second teams of the strong counties, and the first teams of the weaker counties. In the years from 1961 to 1973 and from 1997 until now, the strong counties have competed for the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition was then restricted to the weaker counties. The competition was discontinued after 2004 as these counties now compete for the Nicky Rackard Cup instead.

From 1974 to 1982, the original format of the competition was abandoned, and the competition was incorporated in Division 3 of the National Hurling League. The original format, including the strong hurling counties was re-introduced in 1983.
James Lennon (bishop)
James Lennon (b. Armagh 26 September 1923; d. Drogheda 17 October 1989) was an Irish Catholic bishop in the last third of the 20th century.

Lenny was educated at St Patrick's Grammar School, Armagh and St Patrick's College, Maynooth. He was ordained priest for Armagh on 20 June 1948. He served curacies at Collon, Saul, Mellifont and Cookstown. He was appointed parish priest of Termonfeckin in 1975 and of Drogheda in 1977. Lennon was appointed an auxiliary bishop of Armagh in 1980.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh (Latin: "Archidioecesis Ardmachana"; Irish: "Ard-Deoise Ard Mhacha") is a Latin ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church situated in Northern Ireland. Its ordinary is the Archbishop of Armagh, who serves concurrently as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Armagh and holds the title of Primate of All Ireland, the highest-ranking prelate in the Irish Catholic hierarchy.

The mother church of the archdiocese is St Patrick's Cathedral, a site of profound historical and spiritual significance. The archdiocese’s claim to primatial status is rooted in its founding by Saint Patrick circa 445, establishing it as the principal see of Irish Christianity. Its recognition as a metropolitan province was formalized in 1152 by the Synod of Kells, affirming its ecclesial preeminence.

The current archbishop, Eamon Martin, has held office since 2024. He is assisted by auxiliary bishop Michael Router, appointed in 2019.
Steven Florio
Steven T. "Steve" Florio (April 19, 1949 – December 27, 2007) was an American magazine publisher and conglomerateur, was CEO and President of both Conde Nast Publications and The New Yorker, as well as publisher of GQ.

Born in Queens, New York, Florio graduated from New York University with a business degree in 1972.

In the 1980s he served as publisher of GQ; later he went to work at The New Yorker. He was named as President of Conde Nast in 1994 by owner Si Newhouse, and CEO two years later. He stayed as President/CEO until January 2004, but remained on contract as vice chairman for three more years.

Under Florio's tenure, Conde Nast comprised Vogue, Vanity Fair, and The New Yorker, in addition to a dozen or so other titles, specializing in demographic niches.

Samuel Irving Newhouse Jr.
Samuel Irving "S.I." Newhouse Jr. (November 8, 1927 – October 1, 2017) was an American heir to a substantial magazine and media business. Together with his brother Donald, he owned Advance Publications, founded by their late father in 1922, whose properties include Condé Nast (publisher of such magazines as Vogue, Vanity Fair, and The New Yorker), dozens of newspapers across the United States (including The Star-Ledger, The Plain Dealer, and The Oregonian), former cable company Bright House Networks, and a controlling stake in Discovery Communications.
Bauhinia variegata
Bauhinia variegata is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is native to an area from China through Southeast Asia to the Indian subcontinent. Common names include orchid tree (though not belonging to the family Orchidaceae) and mountain ebony.In Cambodia, it is known as Deum Cheung Ko (ដើមជើងគោ).

Phloem
Pith

Protoxylem

Metaxylem

Phloem

Sclerenchyma (bast fibre)

Cortex

Epidermis

Phloem (/ˈfloʊ.əm/, FLOH-əm) is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant. This transport process is called translocation. In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, hence the name, derived from the Ancient Greek word φλοιός (phloiós), meaning "bark". The term was introduced by Carl Nägeli in 1858. Different types of phloem can be distinguished. The early phloem formed in the growth apices is called protophloem. Protophloem eventually becomes obliterated once it connects to the durable phloem in mature organs, the metaphloem. Further, secondary phloem is formed during the thickening of stem structures.
The Bootleg Series Vol. 10: Another Self Portrait (1969–1971)
The Bootleg Series Vol. 10: Another Self Portrait (1969–1971) is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 27, 2013 on Legacy Records. The eighth installment of the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series, it consists of unreleased recordings, demo recordings, alternative takes mostly from Dylan's 1970 albums Self Portrait and New Morning, and two live tracks from the 1969 Isle of Wight Festival.

The cover is new artwork by Dylan. The liner notes have been written by Greil Marcus, who wrote the original Self Portrait review for Rolling Stone that infamously asked, "What is this shit?". Also included is an extensive essay from journalist Michael Simmons. The set also contains rare photographs of that era from John Cohen and Al Clayton.

Nashville Skyline
Nashville Skyline is the ninth studio album by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on April 9, 1969, by Columbia Records as LP record, reel-to-reel tape, and audio cassette.

Building on the rustic style he experimented with on John Wesley Harding, Nashville Skyline displayed a complete immersion into country music. Along with the more basic lyrical themes, simple songwriting structures, and charming domestic feel, it introduced audiences to a radically new singing voice from Dylan, who had temporarily quit smoking—a soft, affected country croon.

The result received a generally positive reaction from critics, and was a commercial success. The album scored Dylan his fourth UK No. 1 album and reached No. 3 in the U.S.
Zigan
The Zigan (Bashkir: Егән, Yegän; Russian: Зиган), is a river in Bashkortostan, Russia, a right tributary of the Belaya. The river is 98 kilometres (61 mi) long, and the area of its drainage basin is 1,550 square kilometres (600 sq mi). The Kiyauk and the Sikasya are tributaries of the Zigan.

Belaya (Kama)
The Belaya (/ˈbɛlaɪə/ BEL-y-ə) is a river in Bashkortostan, Russia. Its source lies in the south-western Ural Mountains.

It is 1,430 kilometres (890 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 142,000 square kilometres (55,000 sq mi).

Settlements along the Belaya include Beloretsk, Sterlitamak, Ufa (at the confluence with the river Ufa), and Birsk. The Belaya flows into the Kama near Neftekamsk.
Violet Phatshoane
Mmathebe Violet Phatshoane (born 20 November 1972) is a South African judge who is currently serving as Deputy Judge President of the Northern Cape High Court. She joined the court as a puisne judge in May 2011 and was appointed to the deputy judge presidency in July 2021. Before entering the judiciary, she practised as an attorney in Bloemfontein, specialising in commercial law and labour law.

Born in the North West Province, Phatshoane was admitted as an attorney in Bloemfontein in 1999 and she co-founded her own firm, PHI, in 2002. During her first decade in the High Court, she was thrice shortlisted unsuccessfully for the Deputy Judge President position, twice in 2017 and once in 2019; on each occasion, her nomination was overshadowed by allegations that former Judge President Frans Kgomo had intervened in the appointment process in her favour. After a fourth nomination, she secured the deputy judge presidency in July 2021, appointed by President Cyril Ramaphosa.

Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)
The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA), formerly known as the Appellate Division, is the second-highest court of appeal in South Africa below the Constitutional Court. The country's apex court from 1910 to 1994, it no longer holds that position, having been displaced in constitutional matters by the Constitutional Court in 1994, and in all matters by 2013. It is located in Bloemfontein. Bloemfontein is often seen as, and has been traditionally referred to as, the "judicial capital" of South Africa because of the court, although the Constitutional Court is based in Johannesburg.
Guido Knopp
Guido Knopp (born 29 January 1948 in Treysa, Hesse) is a German journalist and author. He is well known in Germany, mainly because he has produced a great number of TV documentaries, predominantly about the "Third Reich" and National Socialism, but also about other topics, such as Stalinism.

Bertelsmann
Bertelsmann SE & Co. KGaA, commonly known as Bertelsmann (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁtl̩sˌman] ⓘ), is a German private multinational conglomerate corporation based in Gütersloh, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is one of the world's largest media conglomerates and is also active in the service sector and education.

Bertelsmann was founded as a publishing house by Carl Bertelsmann in 1835. After World War II, Bertelsmann, under the leadership of Reinhard Mohn, went from being a medium-sized enterprise to a major conglomerate, offering not only books but also television, radio, music, magazines and services. Its principal divisions include the RTL Group, Penguin Random House, BMG, Arvato, the Bertelsmann Marketing Services, the Bertelsmann Education Group and Bertelsmann Investments.

Bertelsmann is an unlisted and capital market-oriented company, which remains primarily controlled by the Mohn family.
Waking the Tiger
Waking the Tiger: Healing Trauma is a self-help book by American therapist Peter A. Levine and Ann Frederick published in 1997. It presents a somatic experiencing approach which it says helps people who are struggling with psychological trauma. The book discusses inhibition and releasing a form of "energy".

Self-help book
A self-help book is a book or text that is written with the intention to instruct its readers how to solve their personal problems. They take their name from Self-Help, an 1859 best-selling book by Samuel Smiles, but are sometimes known and classified as "self-improvement" books and media. Self-help books moved from a position in a niche market to much wider adoption and use in the late twentieth century.
William Emrys Williams
Sir William Emrys Williams, CBE (5 October 1896 – 30 March 1977) was editor-in-chief of Penguin Books from 1936 to 1965 and an educationalist and powerhouse of popular education in the 20th century.  A close collaborator with Allen Lane, Penguin's founder, for over thirty years, Williams was the cultural force behind Penguin Books' success and was the creator of the Pelican imprint.

Allen Lane
Sir Allen Lane CH (born Allen Lane Williams; 21 September 1902 – 7 July 1970) was a British publisher who together with his brothers Richard and John Lane founded Penguin Books in 1935, bringing high-quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market.

In 1967 he started a hardback imprint under his own name, Allen Lane.