hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reformed Church in Tunisia
The Reformed Church in Tunisia (French: Église Réformée de Tunisie) is a single Reformed church in Tunis. Originally a French speaking congregation, now 15 - 20 nations are represented. It adheres to the Apostles Creed and the Heidelberg Catechism. It is a member, through the United Protestant Church of France, of the World Communion of Reformed Churches The church building underwent a large renovation in 2011. The attendance is 40–50.

The Reformed Church in Tunisia was born on November 11, 1882, with the worship attendance of 24 people in the pastor G.D. Durmayers home in Tunis. Seven years later in 1889 the present sanctuary was dedicated.

United Protestant Church of France
The United Protestant Church of France (French: Église protestante unie de France) is the main and largest Protestant church in France, created in 2013 through the unification of the Reformed Church of France and the Evangelical Lutheran Church of France. It is active in all parts of Metropolitan France apart from Alsace and Moselle, where the Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine is established. It claims 400,000 members and its orientation is both Calvinist and Lutheran, mainly in that it incorporates both kinds of parishes throughout the country. However, reporting to the Lutheran World Federation, the church only claimed 25,000 members in 2023. Ordination of women and blessings of same-sex marriages are allowed. The church believes abortion may be allowable under certain circumstances.
1914 in aviation
Aviation portal

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1914.

The outbreak of World War I accelerates all aspects of aviation which in turn changes war in a twofold way. The aeroplane turns the sky into a new battlefield and eliminates the distinction between frontline and hinterland, with the civilian population far behind the frontline also becoming a target. The war results in the deaths of approximately 20,000 flyers, most of them trained pilots.

Charles Rumney Samson
Air Commodore Charles Rumney Samson, CMG, DSO & Bar, AFC (8 July 1883 – 5 February 1931) was a British naval aviation pioneer. He was one of the first four officers selected for pilot training by the Royal Navy and was the first British pilot to fly an aircraft from a moving ship.  He also commanded the first British armoured vehicles used in combat. Transferring to the Royal Air Force on its creation in 1918, Samson held command of several groups in the immediate post-war period and the 1920s.
DatalogZ
DatalogZ (stylized as Datalogℤ) is an extension of Datalog with integer arithmetic and comparisons. The decision problem of whether or not a given ground atom (fact) is entailed by a DatalogZ program is RE-complete (hence, undecidable), which can be shown by a reduction to diophantine equations.

Undecidable problem
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, an undecidable problem is a decision problem for which it is proved to be impossible to construct an algorithm that always leads to a correct yes-or-no answer. The halting problem is an example: it can be proven that there is no algorithm that correctly determines whether an arbitrary program eventually halts when run.
Lamb surface
In fluid dynamics, Lamb surfaces are smooth, connected orientable two-dimensional surfaces, which are simultaneously stream-surfaces and vortex surfaces, named after the physicist Horace Lamb. Lamb surfaces are orthogonal to the Lamb vector  everywhere, where  and  are the vorticity and velocity field, respectively. The necessary and sufficient condition are

Flows with Lamb surfaces are neither irrotational nor Beltrami. But the generalized Beltrami flows has Lamb surfaces.

Lamb vector
In fluid dynamics, Lamb vector is the cross product of vorticity vector and velocity vector of the flow field, named after the physicist Horace Lamb. The Lamb vector is defined as

where  is the velocity field and  is the vorticity field of the flow. It appears in the Navier–Stokes equations through the material derivative term, specifically via convective acceleration term,

In irrotational flows, the Lamb vector is zero, so does in Beltrami flows. The concept of Lamb vector is widely used in turbulent flows. The Lamb vector is analogous to electric field, when the Navier–Stokes equation is compared with Maxwell's equations.
Marcia Jean Kurtz
Marcia Jean Kurtz (born February 11, 1942) is an American film, stage, and television actress and director. She has appeared in such films as The Panic in Needle Park, In Her Shoes, and Big Fan, appearing as Miriam Douglas in Dog Day Afternoon and Inside Man. Kurtz won an Obie Award for her performance as Doris in Donald Margulies' The Loman Family Picnic. She was also nominated for both an Obie and a Drama Desk Award for her role in Martin Sherman's When She Danced. Kurtz also directed Matty Selman's Uncle Phillip's Coat and Evan Handler's Time of Fire.

She has appeared several times on the television series Law & Order.

Kurtz is a 1964 graduate of the Juilliard School, where she earned a B.S. degree in dance.

Evan Handler
Evan Handler (born January 10, 1961) is an American actor who is best known for playing Harry Goldenblatt, a divorce attorney and later husband of Charlotte York, on Sex and the City (2002–2004) and its revival series And Just Like That... (2021–25), and Charlie Runkle, Hank Moody's comically bumbling friend and agent, on Californication (2007–2014). Recently, he starred as Eastern District US Attorney Jacob Warner in the Starz drama Power.
2024 Open Championship
The 2024 Open Championship, officially the 152nd Open Championship, was a major golf tournament held 18–21 July 2024 at Royal Troon Golf Club in Troon, South Ayrshire, Scotland. It was the tenth Open Championship played at the Old Course of Troon. Xander Schauffele shot a final-round 65 to win his second major championship, two strokes ahead of Justin Rose and 54-hole leader Billy Horschel. With Schauffele's win, Americans won all four majors in the same calendar year for the eleventh time and the first time in 42 years.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Metal Gathering Tour Live in Japan 2010
Metal Gathering Tour Live in Japan 2010 is a Japan-only live video by the all-female tribute band The Iron Maidens. Recorded live during their tour in Japan in January 2010, it was the band's first release with new lead vocalist Kirsten Rosenberg and new guitarist Courtney Cox, and also the last to feature guitarist Sara Marsh, who was released from the band after this tour.

The Number of the Beast (album)
The Number of the Beast is the third studio album by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. It was released on 22 March 1982 in the US by Harvest and Capitol Records, and on 29 March 1982 in the UK by EMI Records. The album was their first to feature vocalist Bruce Dickinson and their last with drummer Clive Burr.

The Number of the Beast was met with critical and commercial success, and became the band's first album to top the UK Albums Chart and reach the top 40 of the US Billboard 200. The album produced the singles "Run to the Hills" and "The Number of the Beast", the former of which became the band's first top-ten UK single. The album was also controversial, particularly in the United States, due to the religious references in its artwork and the title track's lyrics. Since the release of The Number of the Beast, "The Beast" has become a nickname for Iron Maiden, appearing in the titles of compilations and live albums including Best of the Beast and Visions of the Beast.
Robert Jeffery (cricketer)
Robert Frederick Jeffery (born 19 September 1953) is a former Australian cricketer. An all-rounder who batted left-handed and bowled left-arm medium pace, he played first-class cricket for New South Wales and Tasmania from 1978 until 1982.

Jeffery's highest first-class score was 198 for Tasmania against Queensland in 1979–80, when he put on 182 for the opening stand with Gary Goodman, and 142 for the third wicket with Brian Davison. His best first-class bowling figures were 4 for 37 against Western Australia a few weeks later.

Brian Davison (cricketer)
Brian Fettes Davison (born 21 December 1946) is a former cricketer who played 467 first-class matches for Rhodesia, Gloucestershire, Leicestershire and Tasmania, and former member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly.

Described as "an aggressive, fast-scoring right-handed batsman", Davison was also a useful right-arm medium-pace bowler and an outstanding fielder who captained Rhodesia in 25 matches.
Kurixalus lenquanensis
Kurixalus lenquanensis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to southeastern Yunnan, China, and is only known from Mengzi and Gejiu, in the Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Its type locality is the eponymous Lenquan Village in Mengzi. Its closest known relative is Kurixalus idiootocus from Taiwan.

Kurixalus idiootocus
Kurixalus idiootocus is a small species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae.
It is endemic to Taiwan and is commonly known as the temple tree frog. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes and irrigated land. It is listed as being of "Least Concern" by the IUCN although there may be some destruction of its habitat.
Windows Backup (2023)
Windows Backup is a backup component released for Windows 11 and Windows 10. It allows a user to continuously back up files and settings from their device to OneDrive cloud backup, and to directly transfer files and settings to a new computer.

The Windows Backup application is used to begin synchronizing the computer with OneDrive, and to monitor the status of the backup. The Documents, Desktop, Pictures, Music, and Videos personal folders are moved into OneDrive, and settings including installed applications, desktop personalization, and passwords are regularly backed up.

Windows Backup acts as a replacement for Windows Easy Transfer, which provided a wizard to transfer data from an old computer to a new computer. When setting up a new Windows device, files and settings can be restored as part of the out-of-box experience (OOBE) wizard. The data can be restored from OneDrive, or by using a direct network connection to the old computer.

My Documents
My Documents is the commonly recognized name of a special folder in Microsoft Windows (even though starting with Windows Vista, it is called Documents only, and the actual name of the folder might be different when the language of the installed copy of Windows is not English). This folder is supposed to be a personal area where users store their personal non-shared documents. However, many software developers have ignored this convention and as a result, this folder has become a dumping ground for the application data such as files containing settings and saved games. Users cannot delete, move or organize these files without causing unwanted behavior in their software.

Until Windows XP, it contained other subfolders such as "My Pictures", "My Music" and "My Videos". Starting with Windows Vista, these subfolders were moved out of My Documents and were made its siblings.
Powers, Principalities, Thrones and Dominions
"Powers, Principalities, Thrones and Dominions'" is the nineteenth episode of the first season of the American crime-thriller television series Millennium. It premiered on the Fox network on April 25, 1997. The episode was written by Ted Mann and Harold Rosenthal and directed by Thomas J. Wright. "Powers, Principalities, Thrones and Dominions" featured guest appearances by Sarah-Jane Redmond and Richard Cox.

Millennium Group consultant Frank Black (Lance Henriksen) is convinced to return to work after the death of a close friend. However, it soon becomes apparent that his first case back on the job is much deeper than he had expected.

"Powers, Principalities, Thrones and Dominions" features the final appearances in the series by both Bill Smitrovich and Robin Gammell. The episode has received mixed to positive reviews from critics, and was viewed by approximately 6.5 million households in its initial broadcast.

Lars Pearson
Lars Pearson (born 1973, in Iowa) is an American writer, high school teacher, editor, and journalist. He is the owner/publisher of Mad Norwegian Press, a publishing company specializing in reference guides to television shows including Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Angel and Doctor Who, plus the Faction Paradox range of novels and comic books. He is also co-author, with Lance Parkin, of "Ahistory: An Unauthorized History of the Doctor Who Universe," which puts every Doctor Who-related story onto a single timeline from the beginning of the universe to its end.
1959 Philippine Senate election
A senatorial election was held on November 10, 1959 in the Philippines. The 1959 elections were known as the 1959 Philippine midterm elections as the date when the elected officials take office falls halfway through President Carlos P. Garcia's four-year term.

The Liberal Party continued chipping away from the Nacionalista Party's dominance in the Senate, winning two more seats, although the Nacionalistas still possessed 19 out of 24 seats in the chamber. The Grand Alliance (GA) coalition, formed between the Progressive Party of the Philippines (PPP) and defectors of the Nacionalista and Liberal parties, did not win any Senate seat despite being supported with an influence campaign by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency.

Democratic Party (Philippines)
The Democratic Party was a political party in the Philippines in 1953 to 1957. The party was not related to the Democratic Party of the United States, Democrata Party, and Democratic Party of the Philippines.
Tokachi Volcanic Group
Tokachi Volcanic Group (十勝火山群, Tokachi-kazangun) is a volcanic group of  mainly stratovolcanoes arrayed along a southwest–northeast axis in Hokkaidō, Japan.

The volcanic group lies on the Kurile arc of the Pacific ring of fire, and consists of andesite, basalt, and dacite stratovolcanoes and lava domes. The group gets its name from the highest peak in the group, Mount Tokachi.

The most recent activity is centered on the northwest end.

Volcanic group
A volcanic group, depending on context, is either (1) a group of related volcanoes in the form of volcanic fields, volcanic complexes and cone clusters, or (2) a stratigraphic group consisting of volcanic strata.
1990 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 1990 U.S. Figure Skating Championships took place in Salt Lake City, Utah. Medals were awarded in four colors: gold (first), silver (second), bronze (third), and pewter (fourth) in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice.

The event determined the U.S. teams for the 1990 World Championships.

1990 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1990 World Figure Skating Championships were held at the Halifax Metro Centre in Halifax, Canada from  March 6 to 11. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Khurmi
Khurmi is a jamoat in north-western Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Panjakent in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 10,451 (2015). It consists of 10 villages, including Khurramobod (the seat), Jangal and Ozodagon.

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Eddie Szymala
Edmund Szymala (born 24 June 1954), also known by the nickname of "Smiler", is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Barrow, as a second-row.

1983–84 Lancashire Cup
The 1983–84 Lancashire Cup, known as the Burtonwood Brewery Lancashire Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 71st occasion on which the Lancashire Cup competition had been held.

It was won by Barrow, who beat Widnes 12–8 in the final at Central Park, Wigan.
1896 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1896 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1896.

Incumbent Republican Governor William H. Upham retired.

Republican nominee Edward Scofield defeated Democratic nominee Willis C. Silverthorn with 59.67% of the vote. Scofield's popular vote share was the highest in the state's history for a gubernatorial candidate to that point, reflecting the state's transition from a Republican-leaning but competitive state to one dominated by the Republicans.

Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Outagamie County (/ˌaʊtəˈɡeɪmi/ OW-tə-GAY-mee) is a county in the Fox Cities region of the U.S. state of Wisconsin, in the northeast of the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 190,705. Its county seat is Appleton.

Outagamie County is part of the Appleton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is itself part of the Appleton-Neenah-Oshkosh Combined Statistical Area. It was named for the historic Meskwaki (Fox) people.
Men's 4 × 400 metres relay world record progression
The first world record in the 4 × 400 metres for men (athletics) was recognized by the International Amateur Athletics Federation, now known as the International Association of Athletics Federations, in 1912. The IAAF's first record in the event was for a mark set the year before the organization's formation. The men's record has been almost exclusively set by American teams, with one exception by one Jamaican team. To June 21, 2009, the IAAF has ratified 15 world records in the event.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Explained variation
In statistics, explained variation measures the proportion to which a mathematical model accounts for the variation (dispersion) of a given data set. Often, variation is quantified as variance; then, the more specific term explained variance can be used.

The complementary part of the total variation is called unexplained or residual variation; likewise, when discussing variance as such, this is referred to as unexplained or residual variance.

Errors and residuals
In statistics and optimization, errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of an observed value of an element of a statistical sample from its "true value" (not necessarily observable). The error of an observation is the deviation of the observed value from the true value of a quantity of interest (for example, a population mean). The residual is the difference between the observed value and the estimated value of the quantity of interest (for example, a sample mean). The distinction is most important in regression analysis, where the concepts are sometimes called the regression errors and regression residuals and where they lead to the concept of studentized residuals.
In econometrics, "errors" are also called disturbances.
Tharushan Iddamalgoda
Tharushan Iddamalgoda (born 5 January 1996) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in the 2017–18 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 24 February 2018. He made his List A debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in the 2017–18 Premier Limited Overs Tournament on 12 March 2018.

Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club (cricket)
Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club is a first-class cricket team in Sri Lanka. They played their debut first-class match against Nondescripts Cricket Club in January 2001.

The team is under the patronage of the Sri Lanka Navy.
2349 Kurchenko
2349 Kurchenko, provisional designation 1970 OG, is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 24 kilometers (15 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 30 July 1970, by Russian astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula. It was named for Soviet flight attendant Nadezhda Kurchenko who was killed during an airline hijacking in 1970. The asteroid has a rotation period of 8.6 hours and possibly a spherical shape.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Swift Engineering
Swift Engineering is an American engineering firm that builds autonomous systems, helicopters, submarines, spacecraft, ground vehicles, robotics, and composite parts. The chairman and CEO is Hiro Matsushita, a former racecar driver and grandson of the founder of Panasonic, Konosuke Matsushita.

Swift used to produce racing cars for open-wheel racing series including Formula Ford, Formula Atlantic, the Champ Car World Series and Formula Nippon.
They company has designed and manufactured over 500 race cars.

Swift is certified to AS9100, ISO 14001 and ISO 27000.

Sikorsky Aircraft
Sikorsky Aircraft is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Stratford, Connecticut. It was established by the Russian-American aviation pioneer Igor Sikorsky in 1923, and was among the first companies to manufacture helicopters for civilian and military use. It also produced seaplanes for passenger transport and surface vehicles such as trains and boats.

Sikorsky was owned by United Technologies Corporation until November 2015, when it was sold to Lockheed Martin.