hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R. Gordon Wasson
Robert Gordon Wasson (September 22, 1898 – December 23, 1986) was an American author, ethnomycologist, and a Vice President for Public Relations at J.P. Morgan & Co.

Wasson spent most of his career in banking in his position at J.P. Morgan.  Later in his life, despite having little formal training in the field, he turned his interests to the study of hallucinogenic mushrooms, religion, and ethnomycology, publishing papers that received attention and acclaim.  In the course of work funded by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Wasson made contributions to the fields of ethnobotany, botany, and anthropology.

In his 1968 published study on the botanical identity of soma–haoma, Wasson suggested that "soma" described in the Rigveda was the fly agaric mushroom, and "haoma" in the Avesta was a hallucinogen.

City Lights Bookstore
City Lights is an independent bookstore-publisher combination in San Francisco, California, that specializes in world literature, the arts, and progressive politics. It also houses the nonprofit City Lights Foundation, which publishes selected titles related to San Francisco culture. It was founded in 1953 by poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Peter D. Martin (who left two years later). Both the store and the publishers became widely known following the obscenity trial of Ferlinghetti for publishing Allen Ginsberg's influential collection Howl and Other Poems (City Lights, 1956). Nancy Peters started working there in 1971 and retired as executive director in 2007. In 2001, City Lights was made an official historic landmark. City Lights is located at 261 Columbus Avenue. While formally located in Chinatown, it self-identifies as part of immediately adjacent North Beach.
Teesside Freeport
Teesside Freeport is the largest Freeport in the United Kingdom, where special arrangements apply for taxation and customs. It was launched in 2021.

The freeport covers 4,500 acres across multiple sites including:

Teesworks, a former steelworks described as Europe's largest brownfield site

Wilton International (a former ICI site in Redcar and Cleveland)

Teesside International Airport,

the sea ports of Hartlepool and Teesport.

South Tees Development Corporation, which predates the freeport, has made substantial investments at the Teesworks site.
With the announcement of the freeport, and the anticipated demand for land within it, the programme of demolition and remediation work was accelerated.

River Tees
The River Tees (/tiːz/), in England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea in the North East of England. The modern-day history of the river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the North East England. The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green.
1996 Comcast U.S. Indoor
The 1996 Comcast U.S. Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the CoreStates Spectrum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States and was part of the Championship Series of the 1996 ATP Tour. It was the 29th edition of the tournament and ran from February 26 through March 3, 1996. Second-seeded Jim Courier won the singles title.

1996 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Liverpool Road Halt railway station
Liverpool Road Halt railway station was a railway station located in the north of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, England. It was opened in 1905 by the North Staffordshire Railway in connection with the introduction of railmotor services.

The station had two short wooden platforms and was accessed via steps leading down from an overbridge on Liverpool Road, which now forms part of the A34.

Unlike most of the other halts on the line it survived until the withdrawal of passenger services in 1964. Although the platforms are long gone, the trackbed can still be followed.

Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newcastle-under-Lyme is a market town and the administrative centre of the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It is adjacent to the city of Stoke-on-Trent. At the 2021 census, the population was 75,082.

Newcastle grew up in the twelfth century around the castle which gave the town its name, and received its first charter in 1173. The town's early industries included millinery, silk weaving, and coal mining, but despite its proximity to the Potteries it did not develop a ceramics trade.
Gentleman's Agreement
Gentleman's Agreement is a 1947 American drama film based on Laura Z. Hobson's best-selling 1947 novel of the same title, directed by Elia Kazan. The film is about a journalist (played by Gregory Peck) who pretends to be Jewish to research an exposé on the widespread antisemitism in New York City and the affluent communities of New Canaan and Darien, Connecticut. It was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won three: Best Picture, Best Supporting Actress (Celeste Holm), and Best Director (Elia Kazan).

The movie was controversial in its day, as was a similar film on the same subject, Crossfire, which was released the same year (though that film was originally a story about homophobia, later changed to antisemitism).

In 2017, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Academy Award for Best Picture
The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards (also known as Oscars) presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category in which every member of the Academy is eligible to submit a nomination and vote on the final ballot. The Best Picture category is traditionally the final award of the night and is widely considered the most prestigious honor of the ceremony.

The Grand Staircase columns at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, where the Academy Awards ceremonies have been held since 2002, showcase every film that has won the Best Picture title since the award's inception. There have been 621 films nominated for Best Picture and 97 winners.
Dovška Baba
Dovška Baba (1,891 m), (German: Frauenkogel), also sometimes known as Dovška Rožca although this actually refers to a pasture some 200 m below the summit, is a peak in the Western Karawanks. It lies on the border between Slovenia and Austria, above the village of Dovje. It is known as an ideal peak for ski touring.

The German and Slovene names are etymologically related: Frauenkogel means 'Woman's Peak', while Dovška Baba means 'Woman of Dovje'. (Dovška Rožca means 'Little Flower of Dovje'.)

Karawanks
The Karawanks or Karavankas or Karavanks (Slovene: Karavanke; German: Karawanken, German pronunciation: [kaʁaˈvaŋkŋ̍] ⓘ) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps on the border between Slovenia to the south and Austria to the north. With a total length of 120 kilometres (75 mi) in an east–west direction, the Karawanks chain is one of the longest ranges in Europe. It is traversed by important trade routes and has a great tourist significance. Geographically and geologically, it is divided into the higher Western Karawanks and the lower-lying Eastern Karawanks. It is traversed by the Periadriatic Seam, separating the Apulian tectonic plate from the Eurasian Plate.

Near the summit of the Dreiländereck (1,508 m) is the tripoint of the three countries: Austria, Italy and Slovenia.
Rhode Island Auditorium
Rhode Island Auditorium was an indoor arena in Providence, Rhode Island, at 1111 North Main Street. It hosted the BAA's Providence Steamrollers from 1946 until 1949, and the Providence Reds ice hockey team until the Providence Civic Center (now the Amica Mutual Pavilion) was opened in 1972.

Providence Steamrollers
The Providence Steamrollers were a Basketball Association of America team based in Providence, Rhode Island. As of 2025, the Steamrollers were the last professional sports franchise from one of the Big Four leagues to be based in Rhode Island.
1993 Hanes 500
The 1993 Hanes 500 was the eighth stock car race of the 1993 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 44th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 25, 1993, before an audience of 55,000 in Martinsville, Virginia at Martinsville Speedway, a 0.526 miles (0.847 km) permanent oval-shaped short track. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. At race's end, Penske Racing South driver Rusty Wallace would manage to dominate the race to take his 25th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory, his fourth victory of the season, and his third consecutive victory. To fill out the top three, Robert Yates Racing driver Davey Allison and Joe Gibbs Racing driver Dale Jarrett would finish second and third, respectively.

Cook Out 400 (Martinsville)
The Cook Out 400 is an annual NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at the 0.526-mile (0.847 km) Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia. It is the first of two Cup Series races at the track, the other one being the Xfinity 500 in the NASCAR playoffs.

The race was previously 500 laps in length before it was shortened to 400 laps starting in 2022.

Unlike other races which the winner receives a trophy, the winner of this race and other NASCAR races at Martinsville receives a grandfather clock, which has been a tradition since 1964.
Queen of Apostles Boarding School, Elmina
Queen of Apostles Boarding School (formerly OLA Boarding) is a public Catholic primary boarding school for girls, located in Elmina, in the Central Region of Ghana. The school is sited on a hill just beside St. Joseph's Minor Basilica, the first Catholic church in Ghana.

The school was established in March 1884 by the Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of Our Lady of Apostles and was the first Catholic school for girls in Elmina.

Elmina
Elmina (Fante: Edina) is a town and the capital of the Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem District on the south coast of Ghana in the Central Region.: 1  It is situated on a bay on the Atlantic Ocean, 12.2 km (7.6 mi) west of Cape Coast. Elmina was the first European settlement in West Africa and it has a population of 33,576 people, as of 2013. The current Municipality chief of Elmina is Solomon Ebo Appiah.

When the Portuguese, after first coming in contact with the Gold Coast, struck an agreement with the King of Elmina to build the  São Jorge da Mina Castle in the 1470s, the settlement grew to become an important centre of commerce and trade in the region. Nowadays, Elmina shows strong influences from Europe in its culture and people.
Binary black hole
A binary black hole (BBH), or black hole binary, is an astronomical object consisting of two black holes in close orbit around each other. Like black holes themselves, binary black hole systems are classified as either stellar-mass—involving remnants of high-mass binary star systems or formed by dynamic processes and mutual capture—or supermassive, black hole systems believed to arise from galactic mergers.

The existence of stellar-mass binary black holes was directly confirmed by gravitational wave observation in September 2015. Supermassive binary black hole candidates have been proposed based on indirect evidence, but await observational confirmation.

Stellar black hole
A stellar black hole (or stellar-mass black hole) is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a star. They have masses ranging from about 5 to several tens of solar masses. They can be the remnants of supernova explosions, but other formation mechanisms may operate.
Methoxyqualone
Methoxyqualone (2-Methoxyqualone) is a quinazolinone-class chemical compound which has been sold as a designer drug, first identified in Inner Mongolia, China in 2022. It is closely related in structure to compounds such as etaqualone and nitromethaqualone which have previously been sold as designer drugs, and is presumed to have similar sedative effects.

Tablets being sold as Quaaludes containing methaqualone have often been identified as actually containing methoxyqalone.

Sedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) depressants and interact with brain activity, causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity.

This group is related to hypnotics. The term sedative describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term hypnotic describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness), they are often referred to collectively as sedative–hypnotic drugs.
Chalmette, Louisiana
Chalmette (/ʃælˈmɛt/ shal-MET) is a census-designated place (CDP) in, and the parish seat of, St. Bernard Parish in southeastern Louisiana, United States. The 2010 census reported that Chalmette had 16,751 people; 2011 population was listed as 17,119; however, the pre-Katrina population was 32,069 at the 2000 census. At the 2020 U.S. census, its population rebounded to 21,562. Chalmette is part of the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner metropolitan statistical area. Chalmette is located east of downtown New Orleans and south of Arabi, towards Lake Borgne.

The community was named for plantation owner Louis-Xavier Martin de Lino de Chalmette. Chalmette was appended to the family name after acquiring their Louisiana plantation, in honour of Louis-Xavier Martin de Lino's paternal great-grandmother, Antoinette Chalmette (died 1711) Chalmette, in French, means "pasture", or "fallow land", (and traces to the Proto-Celtic word *kalm).

Kenner, Louisiana
Kenner is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the most populous city in Jefferson Parish, and is the largest incorporated suburb of New Orleans. The population was 66,448 at the 2020 census, making it the sixth-most populous city in Louisiana.
Watou
Watou is a village in the Belgian province of West Flanders and a district of the town of Poperinge. The village has a population of 1,900. It lies on the border with France. The hamlet Abele is part of Watou. Poperinge is situated on the border with the hamlet of Sint-Jan-ter-Biezen.

Poperinge
Poperinge (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpoːpəˌrɪŋə] ⓘ; French: Poperinghe, Poperingue [pɔpʁɛ̃ɡ]; West Flemish: Poperienge) is a city and municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders, Flemish Region, and has a history going back to medieval times. The municipality comprises the town of Poperinge proper and surrounding villages. The area is famous for its hops and lace.
Huánuco
Huánuco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈwanuko]; Quechua: Wanuku) is a city in central Peru. It had a population of 196,627 as of 2017 and in 2015 it had a population of 175,068. It is the capital of the Huánuco Region and the Huánuco District. It is the seat of the diocese of Huánuco. The metropolitan city of Huanuco is 170,000 hab (2011, urban pop, INEI). It has three districts, Huanuco (head), Amarilis, and Pillco Marca. In this city, the Higueras river meets the Huallaga river, one of the largest rivers in the country.

Leoncio Prado Gutiérrez
Leoncio Prado Gutiérrez (25 August 1853 – 15 July 1883), was a Peruvian soldier and adventurer who participated in various military actions against Spain; in Cuba and the Philippines in the 1870s. He also participated in other wars such as the Chincha Islands War (1865–1866) and the War of the Pacific (1879–1883), dying in the latter.
Christ Memorial Reformed Episcopal Church
Christ Memorial Reformed Episcopal Church was a Reformed Episcopal Church congregation in Philadelphia. Founded in 1887 and completed in 1888, the building it occupied in West Philadelphia was for most of its history was also the campus of Reformed Episcopal Seminary. In 2004, a lightning strike caused the decaying steeple of the church to collapse, resulting in the building's closure. After a prolonged conflict over the insurance payout, the REC sold the building, which was demolished in 2018 and replaced by apartments.

West Philadelphia
West Philadelphia, nicknamed West Philly, is a section of the city of Philadelphia. It has no officially defined boundaries, but is generally considered to be west of the Schuylkill River between City Avenue in the northwest, Cobbs Creek in the southwest, and the SEPTA Media/Wawa Line in the south. An alternate definition includes all city land west of the Schuylkill, thus including Southwest Philadelphia and its neighborhoods.  The eastern side of West Philadelphia is also known as University City.
Pouchetia
Pouchetia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rubiaceae.

Its native range is western Tropical Africa. It is found in Angola, Benin, Burkina, Cabinda, Central African Repu, Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo and Zaïre.

The genus name of Pouchetia is in honour of Félix Archimède Pouchet (1800–1872), a French naturalist and a leading proponent of spontaneous generation of life from non-living materials, and as such an opponent of Louis Pasteur's germ theory. 
It was first described and published in Prodr. Vol.4 on page 393 in 1830.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Nashville Garnet and Blue football
The Nashville Garnet and Blue football team represented the University of Nashville in intercollegiate football competition. The program was active from 1889 until 1909, when it was discontinued. In 1890, the school challenged local Vanderbilt to a game, leading to the first intercollegiate game in Tennessee.

John Heisman, whose Auburn team defeated Nashville 14–4 in 1897, said Bradley Walker was the best ever to play for the Nashville football team.

The 1901 team, coached by Charley Moran was one of the South's first great teams. In 1903, E. A. Wreidt, the team's coach, resigned and Nashville football was threatened with its end, but it survived for a few more years.

University of Nashville
University of Nashville was a private university in Nashville, Tennessee. It was established in 1806 as Cumberland College. It existed as a distinct entity until 1909; operating at various times a medical school, a four-year military college, a literary arts (liberal arts) college, and a boys preparatory school. Educational institutions that can trace their roots to the University of Nashville include Montgomery Bell Academy, an all-male preparatory school; the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Peabody College at Vanderbilt University; and the University School of Nashville, a co-educational preparatory school.
Waman Bhonsle
Waman P. Bhonsle (19 February 1932 – 26 April 2021) was an Indian film editor, who worked in Hindi cinema from 1960s to 1990s.

At the 25th National Film Awards, he won the Best Editing Award for Inkaar.

Raj Khosla
Raj Khosla (31 May 1925 – 9 June 1991) was one of the top directors, producers and screenwriters in Hindi film industry from the 1950s to the 1980s.  He was known for bringing in "neo-noir" and style in Indian cinema, and also as a "women's director" because he showcased actresses at their best. He has given many successful films with Dev Anand. Starting his career under Guru Dutt, he went on to make hit films like, C.I.D. (1956), Woh Kaun Thi? (1964), Mera Saaya (1966), Mera Gaon Mera Desh (1971), Dostana (1980) and Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki (1978), the last of which won the Filmfare Award for Best Film. His early background in classical music ensured that most of his films excelled in music. Khosla along with Guru Dutt and Vijay Anand were inspired by Alfred Hitchcock school of Mystery Suspense Thrillers.
Duality (projective geometry)
In projective geometry, duality or plane duality is a formalization of the striking symmetry of the roles played by points and lines in the definitions and theorems of projective planes. There are two approaches to the subject of duality, one through language (§ Principle of duality) and the other a more functional approach through special mappings. These are completely equivalent and either treatment has as its starting point the axiomatic version of the geometries under consideration. In the functional approach there is a map between related geometries that is called a duality. Such a map can be constructed in many ways. The concept of plane duality readily extends to space duality and beyond that to duality in any finite-dimensional projective geometry.

Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter
Harold Scott MacDonald "Donald" Coxeter ([ˈkoksɛtɛr], [ˈkɒksətər]) CC FRS FRSC (9 February 1907 – 31 March 2003) was a British-Canadian geometer and mathematician. He is regarded as one of the greatest geometers of the 20th century.

Coxeter was born in England and educated at the University of Cambridge, with student visits to Princeton University. He worked for 60 years at the University of Toronto in Canada, from 1936 until his retirement in 1996, becoming a full professor there in 1948. His many honours included membership in the Royal Society of Canada, the Royal Society, and the Order of Canada.

He was an author of 12 books, including The Fifty-Nine Icosahedra (1938) and Regular Polytopes (1947). Many concepts in geometry and group theory are named after him, including the Coxeter graph, Coxeter groups, Coxeter's loxodromic sequence of tangent circles, Coxeter–Dynkin diagrams, and the Todd–Coxeter algorithm.
Additive model
In statistics, an additive model (AM) is a nonparametric regression method. It was suggested by Jerome H. Friedman and Werner Stuetzle (1981) and is an essential part of the ACE algorithm. The AM uses a one-dimensional smoother to build a restricted class of nonparametric regression models. Because of this, it is less affected by the curse of dimensionality than a p-dimensional smoother. Furthermore, the AM is more flexible than a standard linear model, while being more interpretable than a general regression surface at the cost of approximation errors. Problems with AM, like many other machine-learning methods, include model selection, overfitting, and multicollinearity.

Nonparametric regression
Nonparametric regression is a form of regression analysis where the predictor does not take a predetermined form but is completely constructed using information derived from the data. That is, no parametric equation is assumed for the relationship between predictors and dependent variable. A larger sample size is needed to build a nonparametric model having the same level of uncertainty as a parametric model because the data must supply both the model structure and the parameter estimates.