hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delta neutral
In finance, delta neutral describes a portfolio of related financial securities, in which the portfolio value remains unchanged when small changes occur in the value of the underlying security (having zero delta). Such a portfolio typically contains options and their corresponding underlying securities such that positive and negative delta components offset, resulting in the portfolio's value being relatively insensitive to changes in the value of the underlying security.

A related term, delta hedging, is the process of setting or keeping a portfolio as close to delta-neutral as possible.  In practice, maintaining a zero delta is very complex because there are risks associated with re-hedging on large movements in the underlying stock's price, and research indicates portfolios tend to have lower cash flows if re-hedged too frequently. Delta hedging may be accomplished by trading underlying securities of the portfolio. See Rational pricing § Delta hedging for details.

Hedge (finance)
A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. A hedge can be constructed from many types of financial instruments, including stocks, exchange-traded funds, insurance, forward contracts, swaps, options, gambles, many types of over-the-counter and derivative products, and futures contracts.

Public futures markets were established in the 19th century to allow transparent, standardized, and efficient hedging of agricultural commodity prices; they have since expanded to include futures contracts for hedging the values of energy, precious metals, foreign currency, and interest rate fluctuations.
Founding of Talca
The San Agustín de Talca Foundation was on May 12, 1742, who ordered its foundation was the Royal Governor of Chile, José Antonio Manso de Velasco and later named City of Talca on June 6, 1796, a real identity document of Carlos IV of Spain, the Royal Governor of Chile, Ambrosio O'Higgins and the Corregidor of Talca, Vicente de la Cruz y Bahamonde.

Royal Governor of Chile
The royal governor of Chile ruled over the Spanish colonial administrative district called the Captaincy General of Chile, and as a result the royal governor also held the title of a captain general. There were 66 such governors or captains during the Spanish conquest and the later periods of Spanish-centered colonialism. Since the first Spanish–Mapuche parliaments in the 17th century it became an almost mandatory tradition for each governor to arrange a parliament with the Mapuches.
John Charvet
John Charvet was a British political theorist, and Emeritus Professor at the London School of Economics. His interests were in political theory, contractarianism and international relations.

Educated at Winchester College, he read economics at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, achieving a 2:1 in 1960. He took a BPhil in Politics at Trinity College, Oxford in 1962, was appointed Lecturer at the LSE in 1965, and Reader in 1980.

He died in March 2024 and his ashes were interred in a family grave in Highgate Cemetery

Highgate Cemetery
Highgate Cemetery is a place of burial in North London, England, designed by architect Stephen Geary. There are approximately 170,000 people buried in around 53,000 graves across the West and East sides. Highgate Cemetery is notable both for some of the people buried there either in coffins or urns as well as for its de facto status as a nature reserve. The Cemetery is designated Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Saib Rocha
Domingos José "Saib" Rocha (23 August 1898 – 28 April 1972), also known as A. J. Rocha, was an Indian playwright, theatre director, and actor known for his work in tiatr productions. Referred to as the "Lion of the Konkani stage", Rocha was a leading Konkani theatre practitioner from 1916 to 1941. One of the greatest Konkani playwrights and directors, he founded the Union Jack Dramatic Company, six years after being influenced by the tiatr production Maurice and Juliana vo A Real Love Story (1910) by Rama.

Wilson Mazarello
Wilson Vincent Mazarello (born Wilson Constantino Vicente Mazarelo; 19 July 1946), also known as Wilmix, is an Indian singer, writer, playwright, and politician known for his work in Konkani films, and tiatr productions.
My Back Page
My Back Page (Japanese: マイ・バック・ページ, Hepburn: Mai bakku pēji) is a 2011 Japanese film directed by Nobuhiro Yamashita, director of Linda Linda Linda. It is based on Saburo Kawamoto's true life account.

The film was featured at the 2011 (30th) Vancouver International Film Festival, the 2011 (16th) Busan International Film Festival  and the 2011 (55th) BFI London Film Festival.

Linda Linda Linda
Linda Linda Linda (リンダ リンダ リンダ) is a 2005 Japanese comedy-drama film directed by Nobuhiro Yamashita. It stars Bae Doona, Aki Maeda, Yu Kashii, and Shiori Sekine (of the band Base Ball Bear) as teenagers who form a band to cover songs by the Japanese punk rock band the Blue Hearts; the film's title comes from the hit Blue Hearts song "Linda Linda". Its first United States release, from VIZ Media, was on November 10, 2006. An English-subtitled DVD was released on May 8, 2007. The band, Paranmaum (Korean for "the Blue Hearts"), released a CD single in Japan and South Korea, We Are Paranmaum.

In 2025, the 4K restoration of Linda Linda Linda premiered at the Tribeca Festival on 8 June and was released in cinemas in Japan on 22 August, and thereafter in other countries.
Bremerholm (street)
Bremerholm is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It extends south from the major shopping street Strøget to Holmens Kanal. Together with Kristen Bernikows Gade, its extension to the north, it forms one of only two places where car traffic crosses pedestrianized Strøget on its way from Kongens Nytorv to the City Hall Square, the other being at Gammeltorv-Nytorv. The small square Magasins Torv is located in front of one of the entrances to the department store Magasin du Nord at the beginning of the street

Gammelholm
Gammelholm (lit. 'Old Islet') is a predominantly residential neighbourhood in the city centre of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is bounded by the Nyhavn canal, Kongens Nytorv, Holmens Kanal, Niels Juels Gade and the waterfront along Havnegade. For centuries, the area was the site of the Royal Naval Shipyard, known as Bremerholm, but after the naval activities relocated to Nyholm (Danish: The New Islet), it came under residential redevelopment in the 1860s and 1870s. The new neighbourhood was planned by Ferdinand Meldahl and has also been referred to as "Meldahl's Nine Streets". Apart from the buildings which face Kongens Nytorv, which include the Royal Danish Theatre and Charlottenborg Palace, the area is  characterized by homogeneous Historicist architecture consisting of perimeter blocks with richly decorated house fronts.
Vukan Nemanjić
Vukan Nemanjić (Serbian Cyrillic: Вукан Немањић[A], pronounced [ʋǔkan ně̞maɲit͡ɕ]; before 1165 – after 1207) was the Grand Prince of Serbia from 1202 to 1204. He was the eldest (of three) sons of the Serbian grand prince Stefan Nemanja, who appointed Vukan as governor in Pomorje c. 1190. As the Grand Prince of Pomorje, centered in Zeta, and titular King of Duklja and Dalmatia), Vukan ruled from c. 1195 until his death. In 1196, his father abdicated the Serbian throne, choosing Vukan's younger brother Stefan as the principal heir, while leaving Vukan to rule in Pomorje. In 1202, Vukan overthrow his brother, in a coup assisted by the King of Hungary. He was defeated two years later, when Stefan regained the throne. Through the effort of their third brother, who became Saint Sava, Vukan and Stefan were reconciled, and Vukan continued to rule in Zeta until his death.

Pomorje
Pomorje (Serbian Cyrillic: Поморје), also known (in plural) as the Lands of Pomorje (Serbian: Поморске земље / Pomorske zemlje), is a medieval term, used in Byzantine title, and at end of the 12th century, during the reign of Stefan Nemanja (1166–1196), inherited by Serbian monarchs, thus becoming part of the Serbian title, whose rulers were styled with the title: "crowned king and autocrat of all Serbian and coastal lands".
Battle of Atlanta order of battle: Confederate
The following units and commanders fought in the Confederate Army of Tennessee during the Battle of Atlanta on July 22, 1864. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The orders of battle for the first and second phases of the campaign are listed separately as well.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Point Dume
Point Dume is a promontory on the coast of Malibu, California, that juts out into the Pacific Ocean.  The point, a long bluff, forms the northern end of Santa Monica Bay.  Point Dume Natural Area affords a vista of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and Santa Catalina Island.  Zuma Beach lies to its immediate northwest.

Palos Verdes Peninsula
The Palos Verdes Peninsula (Palos Verdes (Spanish for 'Green Sticks')) is a peninsular subregion of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, located within southwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is often called simply "Palos Verdes", and is made up of a group of cities in the Palos Verdes Hills, including Palos Verdes Estates, Rancho Palos Verdes, Rolling Hills, Rolling Hills Estates, and the unincorporated community of Westfield/Academy Hill, as well as the Los Angeles City neighborhood of San Pedro.

The peninsula is located in the South Bay region. It borders the city of Torrance to its north, the Pacific Ocean is on the west and south, and the Port of Los Angeles is to the east. As of the 2010 census, the population of the Palos Verdes Peninsula is 65,008. The hill cities on the peninsula are known for scenic views of the Pacific Ocean and cityscapes, distinguished schools, extensive horse trails, and high-value homes.
Outline of skiing
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to skiing:

Skiing is a recreational activity using skis as equipment for traveling over snow. Skis are used in conjunction with boots that connect to the ski with use of a binding.

Telemark skiing
Telemark skiing is a skiing technique that combines elements of Alpine and Nordic skiing, using the rear foot to keep balance while pushing on the front foot to create a carving turn on downhill skis with toe-only bindings. Telemark skiing is named after the Telemark region of Norway, where the discipline originated. Sondre Norheim is often credited for first demonstrating the turn in ski races, which included cross country, slalom, and jumping, in Norway around 1868. Sondre Norheim also experimented with ski and binding design, introducing side cuts to skis and heel bindings (like a cable).
Peter Sabine
Peter Noel Barrington Sabine (born 21 September 1941) is a former cricketer who played first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1962 and 1963.

Born in Cookham Dean, Berkshire, Peter Sabine attended Marlborough College, where he captained the First XI and played at Lord's for Southern Schools and Combined Schools in 1960. Writing in Wisden, E. M. Wellings described him as a commendable stroke-maker who played "positive, aggressive cricket". He went up to Hertford College, Oxford, and played two matches for Oxford University in 1962 and 10 in 1963, when he was awarded his blue.

His highest score in first-class cricket was 56 against Surrey in 1963. His best bowling return with his leg-spin was 4 for 51 against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), also in 1963. Earlier in the season he had helped Oxford achieve their first first-class victory for two years when he made 50 not out and 42 and took 3 for 18 in the second innings against Nottinghamshire.

Marlborough College
Marlborough College is a public school (English private boarding school) for pupils aged 13 to 18 in Marlborough, Wiltshire, England. It was founded as Marlborough School in 1843 by the Dean of Manchester, George Hull Bowers, for the education of the sons of Church of England clergy. It now adopts a co-educational model. In 2023 there were around 1000 pupils, approximately 45% of whom were female.

In 2024, the school was included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK. Fees for boarding pupils in 2024/2025 are £50,985 per year.
2015 Three Days of De Panne
The 2015 Three Days of De Panne (Dutch: Driedaagse De Panne–Koksijde) was the 39th edition of the Three Days of De Panne cycling stage race. It took place around De Panne in West Flanders in the week between Gent–Wevelgem and the Tour of Flanders, beginning on 31 March and ending on 2 April. The race included four stages, two of which took place on the final day. It was rated as a 2.1 event in the 2015 UCI Europe Tour. The defending champion was Guillaume Van Keirsbulck (Etixx–Quick-Step), who won the 2014 edition by seven seconds.

The 2015 edition was won by Alexander Kristoff (Team Katusha), who won the first three stages and came third in the final time trial. He also won the points classification. In second place was Stijn Devolder (Trek Factory Racing). Third was Bradley Wiggins (Team Sky), who won the individual time trial on the final day.

2014 Three Days of De Panne
The 2014 Three Days of De Panne (Dutch: 2014 VDK-Driedaagse De Panne-Koksijde) was the 38th edition of the Three Days of De Panne, an annual bicycle stage race. The race was held in and around the De Panne region of West Flanders. It began in De Panne on 1 April and finished in De Panne on 3 April. As the previous editions, the race consisted of four stages, with two held on the final day. It was part of the 2014 UCI Europe Tour and was rated as a 2.HC event.
Decorah crater
The Decorah crater, also called the Decorah impact structure, is a possible impact crater located on the east side of the city of Decorah in Iowa, United States. It is thought to have been caused by a meteor about 200 metres (660 ft) wide which struck during the Middle Ordovician Period, circa 470 million years ago.

Decorah, Iowa
Decorah is the largest city in and the county seat of Winneshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 7,587 at the time of the 2020 census. Decorah is the home of Luther College, a private liberal arts college.  It is known for its Norwegian-American heritage and the corresponding Vesterheim Norwegian-American Museum.

Decorah is located at the intersection of State Highway 9 and U.S. Route 52. Located within the Driftless Area in northeastern Iowa, Decorah is situated in the bluffs of the Upper Iowa River, which flows through the city.
Audu Maikori
Audu Maikori (born 13 August 1975, in Kaduna) is a Nigerian lawyer, entrepreneur, social activist, public speaker, and creative industry expert. He is the co-founder and executive vice chairman of the Chocolate City Group, the mother company of one of the leading African record label Chocolate City Entertainment. He is well known as the founder of Chocolate City, an entertainment lawyer, and is regarded as the "Simon Cowell" in Nigerian Idol's first season. He won multiple awards during his career, including the International Young Music Entrepreneur of the Year award in 2007.

Ice Prince
Panshak Henry Zamani (born 30 October 1986) better known as Ice Prince or Ice Prince Zamani, is a Nigerian rapper, singer and songwriter. He rose to fame after releasing "Oleku", one of Nigeria's most remixed songs of all time. He won the 2009 Hennessy Artistry Club Tour. His debut studio album Everybody Loves Ice Prince was released in 2011. It was supported by three singles: "Oleku", "Superstar" and "Juju". In 2013, Ice Prince released Fire of Zamani as his second studio album. The album contained the singles "Aboki", "More", "Gimme Dat" and "I Swear". On 1 July 2015, Ice Prince was announced as the vice president of Chocolate City. He held the position until leaving the label in 2016. He has collaborated with several African rappers, including Navio, Khaligraph Jones, AKA, and Sarkodie.
Rickman Godlee
Sir Rickman John Godlee, 1st Baronet KCVO (15 February 1849 – 18 April 1925) was an English surgeon. In 1884 he became one of the first doctors to surgically remove a brain tumor, founding modern brain surgery.

Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. The college is located at Lincoln's Inn Fields in London. It publishes multiple medical journals including the Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Faculty Dental Journal, and the Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Marford
Marford is a village in Wrexham County Borough, Wales, near the Wales-England border.

Marford covers some 750 acres (3.0 km2), where the hills of north-east Wales meet the Cheshire Plain. Distant landmarks that can be seen clearly from Marford include Eaton Hall, Chester Town Hall and Cathedral. Beyond that on the Cheshire plains, Peckforton Castle and its hills form the skyline, with the outcrop of rock at Beeston Castle.

England–Wales border
The England–Wales border, sometimes referred to as the Wales–England border or the Anglo-Welsh border, runs for 160 miles (260 km) from the Dee estuary, in the north, to the Severn estuary in the south, separating England and Wales.

It has followed broadly the same line since the 8th century, and in part that of Offa's Dyke; the modern boundary was fixed in 1536, when the former marcher lordships which occupied the border area were abolished and new county boundaries were created. The administrative boundary of Wales was confirmed in the Local Government Act 1972. Whether Monmouthshire was part of Wales, or an English county treated for most purposes as though it were Welsh, was also settled by the 1972 Act, which included it in Wales.
Fonthill Vase
The Fonthill Vase, also called the Gaignières-Fonthill Vase after François Roger de Gaignières and William Beckford's Fonthill Abbey, is a bluish-white Qingbai Chinese porcelain vase dated to 1300–1340 AD. It is famous as the earliest documented Chinese porcelain object to have reached Europe.

The vase is an early piece of Jingdezhen porcelain, and comes from the final years of Qingbai ware in Jingdezhen before it was replaced by the new blue and white porcelain, which started in earnest after 1320.  It is an unusual "experimental" vase with applied relief decoration in the medallions, in the usual monochrome blueish-white Qingbai glaze.

After probably arriving in Europe when nearly new, the history of the vase can mostly be documented.  Eventually it reached the National Museum of Ireland in 1882, and in 2018 was on display in the "Curator's Choice" permanent display at the National Museum of Ireland – Decorative Arts and History (Collins Barracks, Dublin).

John, Duke of Berry
John of Berry or John the Magnificent (French: Jean de Berry, Latin: Johannes de Bituria; 30 November 1340 – 15 June 1416) was Duke of Berry and Auvergne and Count of Poitiers and Montpensier. His brothers were King Charles V of France, Duke Louis I of Anjou and Duke Philip the Bold of Burgundy. He was Regent of France from 1380 to 1388 during the minority of his nephew Charles VI.

John is primarily remembered as a collector of the important illuminated manuscripts and other works of art commissioned by him, such as the Très Riches Heures. His personal motto was Le temps venra ("the time will come").
Effective height
In telecommunications, the effective height of an antenna is the height of the antenna's center of radiation above the ground.

In low-frequency applications involving loaded or nonloaded vertical antennas, the effective height is the moment of the current distribution in the vertical section, divided by the input current. For an antenna with a symmetrical current distribution, the center of radiation is the center of the distribution. For an antenna with asymmetrical current distribution, the center of radiation is the center of current moments when viewed from points near the direction of maximum radiation.

In antenna theory, it is often used interchangeably with antenna effective length, where it is defined as the ratio of the open circuit voltage across the antenna's terminals to the incident electric field of a radio signal.

Aperture (antenna)
In electromagnetics and antenna theory, the aperture of an antenna is defined as "A surface, near or on an antenna, on which it is convenient to make
assumptions regarding the field values for the purpose of computing fields at external points. The aperture is often taken as that portion of a plane surface near the antenna, perpendicular to the direction of maximum radiation, through which the major part of the radiation passes."
1936 Green Bay Packers season
The 1936 Green Bay Packers season was the franchise 's 18th season overall, 16th season in the National Football League, and the 18th under head coach Curly Lambeau. The team improved on their 8–4 record from 1935 and finished with a 10–1–1 record, first in the NFL's Western Division.

The Packers met the Eastern Division champion Boston Redskins (7–5) in the NFL Championship Game, held at the Polo Grounds in New York City.  The favored Packers had won the two regular season meetings with Boston and won 21–6 for their fourth NFL Championship, first earned by playoff victory, and first since the three-championship streak of 1929–1931.

The Packers' 1936 schedule began with six consecutive home games, with the remainder of the season on the road.

1931 Green Bay Packers season
The 1931 Green Bay Packers season was their 13th season overall and their 11th in the National Football League. The team finished with a 12–2 record under coach Curly Lambeau, earning them a first-place finish and the Packers' third consecutive National Football League Championship. This championship was controversial at the time.  The Packers refusal to play the Portsmouth Spartans in a playoff game was seen as cheap and weak, as they were the only team Green Bay hadn't played that year.  This led to the NFL changing their scheduling procedures and instituting playoff games for future seasons. The Packers became the first team to win three consecutive NFL championships. They would later do it again, winning the 1965 NFL Championship Game as well as Super Bowl I and Super Bowl II. They remain, as of the 2025 season, the only team to accomplish this feat.
Susan Herbst
Susan Herbst is an American political scientist and academic administrator who served as the 15th president of the University of Connecticut. She was named  president on December 20, 2010, and took office on June 1, 2011. She succeeded Michael J. Hogan and was the first woman to be selected as the University of Connecticut's president since the school's founding in 1881. In August of 2019, Herbst was succeeded by Thomas C. Katsouleas.

Michael Hogan (academic)
Michael J. Hogan (born 1943) is an American historian who served as president of the University of Connecticut (2007–2010) and president of the University of Illinois System (2010–2012). He subsequently became a distinguished professor of history at the University of Illinois at Springfield.