hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dishwashing
Dishwashing, washing the dishes, doing the dishes, or (in Great Britain) washing up, is the process of cleaning cooking utensils, dishes, cutlery and other food-soiled items to promote hygiene and health by preventing foodborne illness. This is either achieved by hand in a sink or tub using dishwashing detergent, or by using a dishwasher, and may take place in a kitchen, utility room, scullery or elsewhere.

Hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness. Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene, personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene. Home and every day hygiene includes hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home.

While often equated with cleanliness in common usage, hygiene is a term encompassing the personal practices and environmental conditions that maintain health and prevent disease.
Light-harvesting complex
In biology, a light-harvesting complex, LHC, or antennae complex is an aggregate consisting of proteins bound with chromophores (chlorophylls and carotenoids) that play a key role in photosynthesis. They are one part of a photosystem, together with a reaction center. LHCs are arrayed around photosynthetic reaction centers in both plants and photosynthetic bacteria and collect more of the incoming light than would be captured by the reaction centers alone. The light captured by the chromophores excites molecules from their ground states to (short-lived) higher-energy states, known as the excited states. This energy is then focused toward the reaction centers by Förster resonance energy transfer.

Light-harvesting complexes are found in a wide variety among the different photosynthetic species, with no homology among the major groups.

Anoxygenic photosynthesis
Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a special form of photosynthesis used by some bacteria, which differs from the better known oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria in the reductant used (e.g. hydrogen sulfide instead of water) and the byproduct generated (e.g. elemental sulfur instead of molecular oxygen).

Unlike oxygenic phototrophs that only use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide, anoxygenic phototrophs can use both the Calvin cycle and the reverse TCA cycle to fix carbon dioxide. Additionally, unlike its oxygenic counterpart that predominantly uses chlorophyll, this type of photosynthesis uses the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) to utilize light as an energy source. A precursor to oxygenic photosynthesis but having been developed after chemolithoautotrophy, anoxygenic photosynthesis uses one of two reaction centers while oxygenic photosynthesis uses both type I and type II reaction centers.
Santa Cruz, Manila
Santa Cruz is a district in the northern part of the City of Manila, Philippines, located on the right bank of the Pasig River near its mouth. It is bordered by the districts of Tondo, Binondo, Quiapo, and Sampaloc, as well as the areas of Grace Park and Barrio San José in Caloocan, and the district of La Loma in Quezon City. The district belongs to the 3rd congressional district of Manila.

Tondo, Manila
Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest, in terms of area and population, of Manila's sixteen districts, with a census-estimated 637,942 people in 2024. It consists of two congressional districts. It is also the second most densely populated district in the city.
2024 Men's T20 World Cup Asia Sub-regional Qualifier B
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Asia Sub-regional Qualifier B was a cricket tournament that formed part of the qualification process for the 2026 Men's T20 World Cup. It was hosted by Qatar in November 2024.

The top two sides in the tournament advanced to the regional final, where they will be joined by Nepal, Oman and Papua New Guinea, who were given a bye after having participated in the previous T20 World Cup, and two other teams from sub-regional qualifier A, along with the winners of EAP qualifiers. United Arab Emirates and Qatar secured the two places in the regional qualifier.

2025 Men's T20 World Cup Asia–EAP Regional Final
The 2025 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Asia-PEAP Regional Final was a cricket tournament that formed part of the qualification process for the 2026 Men's T20 World Cup. It was held in Oman from 8 to 17 October 2025.

The top three sides Nepal, Oman and United Arab Emirates joined Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, India, New Zealand, Pakistan and Sri Lanka in the 2026 T20 World Cup who had already pre-qualified. India and Sri Lanka directly qualified for the T20 World Cup as co-hosts, while Afghanistan, Australia and Bangladesh qualified as by finishing among the top eight teams from the previous edition and New Zealand and Pakistan qualified through the ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings.
Hanwha Solutions
Hanwha Solutions Corporation (Korean: 한화솔루션) is a multinational energy services, petrochemical, and real estate development company headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. The company is part of the Hanwha Group, a large South Korean business conglomerate. Founded in 1965 as Hanwha Chemical, the company was rebranded as Hanwha Solutions in January 2020 when Hanwha Chemical merged with Hanwha Q Cells & Advanced Materials, which itself was formed out of a 2018 merger. The company added the Hanwha Galleria and Hanwha City Development real estate companies to its portfolio in April 2021. The Galleria division and the Advanced Materials division were spun off. The Electronic Materials business, which had remained part of the Advanced Materials division, was also transferred to a subsidiary of the company.

Galleria Department Store
Galleria Department Store (Korean: 갤러리아백화점) is an upmarket South Korean department store franchise owned by Hanwha Group. It has 5 branches throughout Korea, notably the Luxury Hall West and Luxury Hall East, both in Apgujeong-dong, as upmarket luxury-brand fashion malls in Seoul.
2024 CAF Confederation Cup final
The 2024 CAF Confederation Cup final were the final matches of the 2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup, the 21st season of the CAF Confederation Cup and the 49th season overall of Africa's secondary club football competition organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup (officially the 2023–24 TotalEnergies CAF Confederation Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 21st edition  of Africa's secondary club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), under the current CAF Confederation Cup title after the merger of CAF Cup and African Cup Winners' Cup.

The winners automatically qualified for the 2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup, and also earn the right to play against the winners of the 2023-24 CAF Champions League in the 2024 CAF Super Cup.
2003–04 VfB Stuttgart season
VfB Stuttgart debuted in the modern-era 32-team Champions League with a progression from the group stage and a somewhat surprising victory with 2–1 against English champions Manchester United. Ultimately, the tournament ended with a narrow defeat to Chelsea. Kevin Kurányi, Philipp Lahm and Alexander Hleb were key players in a side that only just failed to finish in the top three for the second season in succession. Following an initial eight clean sheets, the attack suffered from only Kurányi being able to score, despite goalkeeper Timo Hildebrand keeping 18 clean sheets.

Kevin Kurányi
Kevin Dennis Kurányi Rodríguez (German pronunciation: [ˈkɛvɪn kuˈʁaːniː], Hungarian: [ˈkɛvin ˈkuraːɲi]; born 2 March 1982) is a former professional footballer who played as a striker. Born in Brazil, he played for the Germany national team.

As a striker, he possessed great aerial ability and finishing skills. From 2003 to 2008, Kurányi was part of the Germany national team, for which he scored 19 goals in 52 games. He participated in two UEFA European Championships and one FIFA Confederations Cup. At club level, Kurányi played for VfB Stuttgart, Schalke and Hoffenheim in Germany, as well as Dynamo Moscow in Russia.
Mercer Bears men's basketball
The Mercer Bears men's basketball team represents Mercer University in Macon, Georgia, United States. The school's team competes in the Southern Conference. They are led by head coach Ryan Ridder and play their home games at Hawkins Arena. The Bears have appeared three times in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 2014. At the 2014 NCAA tournament, Mercer pulled off an upset, eliminating #3 seeded Duke from the tournament in a 78-71 victory.

Hawkins Arena
The Hawkins Arena is the basketball arena on the campus of Mercer University in Macon, Georgia, United States. The arena is located in the University Center, a large multi-purpose facility centrally located on the university campus.
De Tomaso P72
The De Tomaso P72 is a sports car manufactured by the Italian automobile manufacturer De Tomaso. Based on the underpinnings of the Apollo Intensa Emozione, the P72 is designed as an homage to the De Tomaso P70 prototype racing car.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
British Satellite Broadcasting
British Satellite Broadcasting plc (BSB) was a short-lived television company, based in London, that provided direct broadcast satellite television services to the United Kingdom. It started broadcasting on 25 March 1990. The company was merged with Sky Television plc on 2 November 1990 to form British Sky Broadcasting.

Alan Bond
Alan Bond (22 April 1938 – 5 June 2015) was an English-born Australian businessman noted for his high-profile and often corrupt business dealings. These included his central role in the WA Inc scandals of the 1980s; the biggest corporate collapse in Australian history; and also his criminal conviction that saw him serve four years in prison. He is also remembered for bankrolling the successful challenge for the 1983 America's Cup, the first time the New York Yacht Club had lost it in its 132-year history. He also founded Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Icelandic Police
In Iceland, the Police (Icelandic: Ríkislögreglan, lit. 'the State Police') is the national police force of Iceland. It is responsible for law enforcement throughout the country, except in Icelandic territorial waters which fall under the jurisdiction of the Icelandic Coast Guard. Police affairs in Iceland are the responsibility of the Ministry of Justice and are administered by the Office of the National Commissioner of the Police (Embætti ríkislögreglustjóra) on behalf of the ministry. The organisation is divided into nine districts, the largest being the Reykjavík Metropolitan Police (Lögreglan á höfuðborgarsvæðinu), which is responsible for the Capital Region and its total population of around 208,000 people.

Volvo V90
The Volvo V90 is a mid-size luxury wagon manufactured and marketed by Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 2016 to 2025. Two months after the introduction of the sedan model, the Volvo S90, the V90 was revealed at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2016.
Navy Midshipmen men's soccer
The Navy Midshipmen men's soccer team represents the United States Naval Academy in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's soccer. Navy competes as a member of the Patriot League. It used to play its home games at Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium, but now plays them at Glenn Warner Soccer Facility.

NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament
The NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament was formally held in 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is allocated a berth. Among the most successful programs, Saint Louis won 10 titles during dynasty years between 1959 and 1973. Indiana has won 8 titles beginning in 1982, whereas Virginia has won 7 titles beginning in 1989.

Although the tournament is frequently referenced as the "College Cup", the NCAA applies the title only to the semifinal and championship rounds of the tournament proper. Since the tournament began, the semifinal and final fixtures have been held at a neutral site predetermined by the NCAA before starting the regular season.
Summa St. Thomas Hospital
Summa St. Thomas Hospital was a former orthopedic and psychiatric hospital located in Akron, Ohio.  The hospital opened in 1928 and was originally operated by the Sisters of Charity of St. Augustine as a non-denominational, non-profit general hospital.  In 1989, St. Thomas Hospital merged with Akron City Hospital to become Summa Health System. The emergency room was closed in 2014, and the hospital was closed in 2023. Demolition of the site commenced June 17, 2024 and was completed by the end of calendar year 2024.

Magnet Recognition Program
The Magnet Recognition Program is a recognition program operated by the American Nurses Credentialing Center that allows nurses to recognize nursing excellence in other nurses.  It is considered the highest recognition for nursing excellence. The program also offers an avenue to disseminate successful nursing practices and strategies. ANCC proclaims that "A growing body of research indicates that Magnet hospitals have higher percentages of satisfied RNs, lower RN turnover and vacancy, improved clinical outcomes and improved patient satisfaction."
Hierodoris huia
Hierodoris huia is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is only known from two sites in Titirangi that are approximately 1 to 2 km apart. H. huia is suspected to be a forest canopy-dweller. This species is on the wing in January. Although the adult moths are attracted to light it has been hypothesised that it is a diurnal species on the basis of the behaviour the species exhibit when light trapped. The species was named in honour of the extinct bird species, the huia, as well as the type locality of Huia Road, Titirangi.  This species is classified as "Data Deficient" by the Department of Conservation.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Modular smartphone
A modular smartphone is a smartphone designed for users to upgrade or replace components and modules without the need for resoldering or repair services. The most important component is the main board, to which others such as cameras and batteries are attached. Components can be obtained from open-source hardware stores.

This design aims to reduce electronic waste, increase the phone's lifespan, and lower repair costs. However, modular smartphones are generally bulkier and slower than their non-modular counterparts which may make them less attractive for most consumers.

Fairphone 1
The Fairphone 1 is a touchscreen-based, slate-sized smartphone designed and manufactured by Fairphone. It was released running Android 4.2.2 "Jelly Bean", with the Fairphone OS skin. It was the first phone from the social enterprise Fairphone, announced on 14 May 2013 and shipped beginning in December 2013.
Cameraria borneensis
Cameraria borneensis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Sabah, Malaysia.

The wingspan is about 4.2 mm.

The larvae feed on Archidendron species. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Mirror Trading International
Mirror Trading International (MTI), declared a pyramid scheme by the South African High Court, was a cryptocurrency trading platform promising automated trading services with significant returns.

MTI was masterminded by Johann Steynberg, who claimed to use an artificial intelligence bot for its trading activities. MTI faced intense scrutiny and legal challenges, particularly from South African authorities, who alleged that it was operating as a fraudulent scheme.

MTI's unraveling led to its eventual collapse, the arrest of key figures, and significant financial losses for many investors.

The scheme involved 100,000 people from 140 countries.

Pyramid scheme
A pyramid scheme is a business model which, rather than earning money (or providing returns on investments) by sale of legitimate products to an end consumer, mainly earns money by recruiting new members with the promise of payments (or services). As the number of members multiplies, recruiting quickly becomes increasingly difficult until it is impossible, and therefore most of the newer recruits do not make a profit. As such, pyramid schemes are unsustainable. The unsustainable nature of pyramid schemes has led to most countries outlawing them as a form of fraud.

Pyramid schemes have existed since at least the mid-to-late 19th century in different guises. Some multi-level marketing plans have been classified as pyramid schemes.
Lonan
Lonan (/ˈlɒnən/ LONN-ən; Manx: Lonan) is one of the 17 parishes of the Isle of Man.

It is located on the east of the island (part of the traditional South Side division) in the sheading of Garff.

Other settlements in the parish include Baldrine and Ballabeg.

Laxey Bay
Laxey Bay (Manx: Baie Laksaa) is a coastal feature and Marine Nature Reserve on the east coast of the Isle of Man in the north Irish Sea. Geographically it is bounded by Laxey Head (Manx: Kione Laksaa) to the north and Clay Head (Manx: Kione ny Cleigh) to the south.

The bay is home to eelgrass Zostera marina which is a highly protected species in Manx law, therefore a large part of the bay is close to potting and anchoring, with fines of £10,000 for infringement.
Giant (hypermarket)
GCH Retail (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, doing business as Giant Mall, is a hypermarket brand and retailer chain now mainly in Malaysia, Singapore and formerly Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia and Vietnam. In 2016, Giant was the largest supermarket chain in Malaysia. Its parent company also operates Mercató, Cold Storage and TMC in Malaysia.

Market Place (supermarket)
Market Place (formerly Market Place by Jasons, Jason's Food & Living, and Jasons ichiba) in Hong Kong is a high-end supermarket chain owned by DFI Retail Group. The chain also has a joint venture in mainland China with Beijing Hualian Group called BHG Market Place and formerly ran stores (Jasons Market Place) in Taiwan until they were sold to Carrefour. The Malaysian chain called Mercató (formerly Jasons Food Hall) is owned by Macrovalue Sdn Bhd. after its acquisition of DFI Malaysian food retailing business in 2023. Cold Storage Fresh (formerly Market Place, Jasons, and Jasons Deli) in Singapore is also owned by Macrovalue Sdn Bhd since 2025. The Marketplace (formerly Market Place by Rustan's) in the Philippines has been owned by Robinsons Retail Holdings since 2018, before which it was owned by Rustan Supercenters.

DFI also operates further similar supermarkets under the 3hreeSixty and Oliver's The Delicatessen brands in Hong Kong and other supermarkets around Asia with Wellcome.
Gråbrødretorv 6
Gråbrødretorv 6 is a building at the corner of Gråbrødretorv and Niels Hemmingsens Gade in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. The oldest parts of the building date from the 1730s but it owes its current appearance to a reconstruction in 1818 and an adaptation undertaken by Valdemar Ingemann in 1881. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. Former residents include bishop Hans Lassen Martensen and businessman Jacob Heinrich Moresco.

Gustmeyer House
The Gustmeyer House (Danish: Gustmeyers Gård) is a historic property on Ved Stranden, opposite Christiansborg Palace on Slotsholmen, in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was built in 1797 to a Neoclassical design by Johan Martin Quist. The Nobel Prize-winning physicist Niels Bohr was born in the building. McKinsey & Company is now based in the building.
Maquis shrubland
Maquis (UK: /mæˈkiː/ ma-KEE, US: /mɑːˈkiː/ mah-KEE, French: [maki]) or macchia (/ˈmɑːkiə/ MAH-kee-ə, Italian: [ˈmakkja]; often macchia mediterranea in Italian; Corsican: machja, pronounced [ˈmaca]; Croatian: makija; Occitan: maquís; Catalan: màquia) is a savanna-like shrubland biome in the Mediterranean region, typically consisting of densely growing evergreen shrubs.

Maquis is characterized by plants of the family Lamiaceae, genera Laurus and Myrtus, and species Olea europaea, Ceratonia siliqua, and Ficus carica. It is similar to garrigue.

Myrtus
Myrtus (commonly called   myrtle) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. It was first described by Swedish botanist Linnaeus in 1753.

Over 600 names have been proposed in the genus, but nearly all have either been moved to other genera or been regarded as synonyms. Two species are currently accepted:

Myrtus communis L. – Common myrtle; native to the Mediterranean region in southern Europe

Myrtus nivellei Batt. & Trab. – Saharan myrtle; native to the Saharan mountains of northern Africa
Ahva, Israel
Ahva (Hebrew: אַחֲוָה, lit. 'Brotherhood') is a village in the northern Negev desert of southern Israel. It falls under the jurisdiction of Be'er Tuvia Regional Council and had a population of 297 in 2022.  It is adjacent to the Ahva Academic College and acts as a service center for the surrounding settlements, including Kfar Ahim, Kfar HaRif, Talmei Yehiel and Yenon.

Talmei Yehiel
Talmei Yehiel (Hebrew: תַּלְמֵי יְחִיאֵל, lit. 'Yehiel Furrows') is a moshav in central Israel. Located near Kiryat Malachi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Be'er Tuvia Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,015.
Vikna Municipality
Vikna is a former municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The island municipality existed from 1869 until its dissolution in 2020. It is now part of Nærøysund Municipality in the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Rørvik. Other villages in Vikna included Austafjord, Garstad, and Valøya.

At the time of its dissolution in 2020, the 319-square-kilometre (123 sq mi) municipality was the 269th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Vikna Municipality was the 216th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,578. The municipality's population density was 14.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (37/sq mi) and its population had increased by 11.4% over the last decade.

Valøya
Valøya is a village in Nærøysund Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located on the western edge of the island of Ytter-Vikna, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of the municipal centre, Rørvik. Valøy Chapel is located in this village.