hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Redbox Automated Retail LLC v. Universal City Studios LLLP
Redbox Automated Retail LLC v. Universal City Studios LLLP, Dist. Court, D. Delaware 2009 was a case before Robert B. Kugler concerning copyright misuse, antitrust, and tortious interference with contract.

Redbox rented and sold DVDs through automated retail kiosks, and Universal Studios is a major movie studio. Redbox sued Universal on counts of copyright misuse, antitrust, and tortious interference with contract when Universal pressured Redbox to accept an agreement to only obtain titles from them after 45 days of initial DVD release. Universal pressured Redbox's distributors to stop providing titles to Redbox if Redbox did not accept this agreement. Universal did this to protect their profits, but since Redbox made a majority of their profits within two weeks of DVD release, Redbox did not accept.

The court dismissed Redbox's copyright misuse and tortious interference with contract claims but allowed the antitrust count to move forward.

First-sale doctrine
The first-sale doctrine (also sometimes referred to as the "right of first sale" or the "first sale rule") is a legal concept that limits the rights of an intellectual property owner to control resale of products embodying its intellectual property. The doctrine enables the distribution chain of copyrighted products, library lending, giving, video rentals and secondary markets for copyrighted works (for example, enabling individuals to sell their legally purchased books or CDs to others). In trademark law, this same doctrine enables reselling of trademarked products after the trademark holder puts the products on the market. In the case of patented products, the doctrine allows resale of patented products without any control from the patent holder.  The first sale doctrine does not apply to patented processes, which are instead governed by the patent exhaustion doctrine.
Trefl
Trefl S.A. is a Sopot, Poland-based family-owned jigsaw puzzle, board game and toy manufacturing and distributing company, Poland's largest and one of the leading European jigsaw puzzle companies. The Trefl group also includes Studio Trefl, which produces animated television series, Wydawnictwo Trefl, which publishes children's books, and Baltic Media Group, a media company which produces commercial and advertisement videos.

The sporting division of Trefl includes Trefl Sopot and Trefl Gdańsk, professional men's, respectively, basketball and volleyball teams. Trefl widely licences popular brands such as Disney characters, Hasbro and Mattel, to feature them on their products.

Sopot
Sopot (Polish: [ˈsɔpɔt] ⓘ; Kashubian: Sopòt or Sopòtë) is a seaside resort city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland, with a population of approximately 40,000. It has the status of county – the smallest city in Poland to have that status. Sopot lies between the larger cities of Gdańsk to the southeast and Gdynia to the northwest. The three cities together form the Tricity metropolitan area.

Sopot is a major health-spa and resort destination. It has the longest wooden pier in Europe, at 511.5 metres, stretching out into the Bay of Gdańsk. The city is also famous for the Sopot International Song Festival, the largest such event in Europe after the Eurovision Song Contest. Among its other attractions is a fountain of bromide spring water, known as the "inhalation mushroom".
2020 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships
The 2020 edition of the European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships was held in Liévin, France, from 11 to 16 February 2020. This tournament also serves as European qualification for the 2020 Thomas & Uber Cup.

European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships
The European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships is a tournament organized by the Badminton Europe (BE), held once every two years to crown the best badminton men's and women's national teams in Europe.
Thacher Island
Thacher Island is a small island off Cape Ann on the Massachusetts coast in the United States. It is a part of the Town of Rockport. It was a place where some naval confrontations, both minor and major, took place, which helped secure a victory for the colonists.

Cape Ann
Cape Ann is a rocky peninsula in northeastern Massachusetts on the Atlantic Ocean.  It is about 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Boston and marks the northern limit of Massachusetts Bay. Cape Ann includes the city of Gloucester and the towns of Essex, Manchester-by-the-Sea and Rockport.
Chichibu Railway Class DeKi 300
The Chichibu Railway Class DeKi 300 (秩父鉄道デキ300形) is a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement DC electric locomotive type operated by the private railway operator Chichibu Railway in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, primarily on freight services, since 1967.

As of 1 April 2016, all of the original three locomotives are in operation.

Bo-Bo
Bo-Bo (Commonwealth), Bo′Bo′ (UIC), or B-B (AAR) is a wheel arrangement classification for railway locomotives with four powered axles mounted in two bogies. Each bogie has two axles, both of which are powered. This configuration is one of the most common arrangements for modern electric and diesel locomotives.
Qoqmončaq language
Qoqmončaq is a mixed language based on Kazakh, Mongolian, and Evenki, spoken by about 200 people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. The language is related with Tuvan, Tofa, Soyot and Tsengel.

Mixed language
A mixed language, also referred to as a hybrid language or fusion language, is a type of contact language that arises among a bilingual group combining aspects of two or more languages but not clearly deriving primarily from any single language. It differs from a creole or pidgin language in that, whereas creoles/pidgins arise where speakers of many languages acquire a common language, a mixed language typically arises in a population that is fluent in both of the source languages.

Because all languages show some degree of mixing by virtue of containing loanwords, it is a matter of controversy whether the concept of a mixed language can meaningfully be distinguished from the type of contact and borrowing seen in all languages. Scholars debate to what extent language mixture can be distinguished from other mechanisms such as code-switching, substrata, or lexical borrowing.
Margreth Olin
Margreth Olin Mykløen (born April 16, 1970) is a Norwegian film director, screenwriter, and film producer. She is educated at the University of Bergen and Volda University College. She is best known for her documentaries, in which she highlights the weak in society. She has received many national and international awards for her work.

Oslo Opera House
The Oslo Opera House (Norwegian: Operahuset) is the home of the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, and the national opera house in Norway. The building is situated in the Bjørvika neighbourhood of central Oslo, at the head of the Oslofjord. It is operated by Norwegian Directorate of Public Construction and Property, the government agency which manages property for the Norwegian government. The structure contains 1,100 rooms in a total area of 49,000 m2 (530,000 sq ft). The main auditorium seats 1,364 and two other performance spaces can seat 200 and 400. The main stage is 16 m (52 ft) wide and 40 m (130 ft) deep.  The angled exterior surfaces of the building are covered with marble from Carrara, Italy and white granite and make it appear to rise from the water.  It is the largest cultural building constructed in Norway since Nidaros Cathedral was completed circa 1300.
Ashiharabashi Station
Ashiharabashi Station (芦原橋駅, Ashiharabashi-eki) is a railway station on the West Japan Railway Company Osaka Loop Line in Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan. 
The station opened on April 1, 1966.

Ashiharachō Station on the Shiombashi Line of Nankai Electric Railway is approximately 200m away.

Osaka Loop Line
The Osaka Loop Line (大阪環状線, Ōsaka kanjō-sen) is a railway loop line in Japan operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It encircles central Osaka.

Part of a second, outer loop line, the Osaka Higashi Line, from Hanaten to Kyuhoji was opened on March 15, 2008, and the line from Shigino to Shin-Ōsaka opened in March 2019. This entry covers the original central loop line.
All Hands and Hearts
All Hands and Hearts (AH&H) is a U.S. 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. The organization's current structure formed in late 2017, when two existing nonprofits, All Hands Volunteers and Happy Hearts Fund merged to become All Hands and Hearts. All Hands and Hearts is based in Mattapoisett, Massachusetts.

Nuwakot District
Nuwakot District (Nepali: नुवाकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Bidur as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,121 km2 (433 sq mi) and had a population of 288,478 in 2001 and 277,471 in 2011.

The district contains places of historical significance such as the town of Nuwakot, and the village of Devighat (the death place of Prithvi Narayan Shah) located at the confluence of the Tadi and Trishuli Rivers. Kakani is popular among Nepalese people as a touristic place and picnic spot.
Russell Smith Award
The Russell Smith Award is an annual award presented by the Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association to "the best low-budget and cutting-edge independent film" since its inception in 2008. The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith.

Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association
The Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association (DFWFCA) is an organization of over 20 print, radio/TV and internet journalists from Dallas–Fort Worth-based publications. In December of each year, the DFWFCA meets to vote on their Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards for films released in the same calendar year.

In December 2006, the Miami Herald described the association as "one of the most reliable bellwethers of the Academy Award for Best Picture."
2020 WeatherTech 240
The 2020 WeatherTech 240 was a sports car race sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The race was held at the Daytona International Speedway combined road course in Daytona Beach, Florida, on July 4, 2020. This race was the second round of the 2020 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, and the first round of the 2020 WeatherTech Sprint Cup.

Taylor and García's GTLM class victory marked the first victory for the new Corvette C8.R, alongside Corvette Racing's 100th win in IMSA competition. The race was also just the 12th caution-free race since the merger in 2014.

2020 IMSA SportsCar Championship
The 2020 IMSA SportsCar Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2020 IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship) was the 50th racing season sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) (which traces its lineage back to the 1971 IMSA GT Championship). This was also the seventh United SportsCar Championship season and fifth under the name as the IMSA SportsCar Championship. The series began on January 25 with the 24 Hours of Daytona, and ended on November 14 with the 12 Hours of Sebring.
2015–16 Sheffield Shield season
The 2015–16 Sheffield Shield season was the 114th season of the Sheffield Shield, the Australian domestic first-class cricket competition. The season began after the conclusion of the Matador BBQs One-Day Cup, and included a break halfway through to allow for the Big Bash League. Trials for day/night Tests with a pink ball continued, having been introduced during the previous season. All of the matches for rounds one and seven of the tournament were played as day/night games. Victoria won their second consecutive title, defeating South Australia by 7 wickets in the final at Gliderol Stadium. Travis Head was named player of the series for his 721 runs and 9 wickets during the season. Ben Dunk of Tasmania was the leading run-scorer, while Joe Mennie from South Australia took the most wickets.

2015–16 Big Bash League season
The 2015–16 Big Bash League season (BBL|05) was the fifth season of the Big Bash League (BBL), the top-class Twenty20 cricket competition in Australia. The tournament ran from 17 December 2015 to 24 January 2016.

The title was won by Sydney Thunder, who defeated Melbourne Stars by three wickets in the final to claim their first title. Perth Scorchers, who had been seeking a third successive title, lost to the Stars in the semi-final, failing to reach the final for the first time. Chris Lynn of the Brisbane Heat was the tournament's leading run-scorer, scoring 378 runs from eight matches, and was named player of the tournament. The leading wicket-taker was Clint McKay of Sydney Thunder, who took 18 wickets from ten matches. Travis Head of the Adelaide Strikers was named the best player under 25, scoring 299 runs and taking six wickets.
Temptress Moon
Temptress Moon is a 1996 film directed by Chen Kaige. It was jointly produced by the Shanghai Film Studio and the Taipei-based Tomson Films. The film saw Chen reuniting with Leslie Cheung and Gong Li who had previously worked with him in his breakout international hit Farewell My Concubine.

Ye Zhaoyan's novel A Flower's Shade was believed to be the basis for the film, although Ye was not credited in the film.

Temptress Moon premiered at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival, where it was in competition for the Palme d'Or that eventually went to Mike Leigh's Secrets & Lies. Despite its international profile, the film was banned by state authorities in mainland China.

1997 in film
The year 1997 in film involved many significant films, including Titanic, The Full Monty, Gattaca, Donnie Brasco, Good Will Hunting, Boogie Nights, L.A. Confidential, The Fifth Element, Nil by Mouth, and the beginning of the film studio DreamWorks.
Subcapitulum
The subcapitulum (from Latin sub, "under", and capitulum, "small head"), also known as infracapitulum, hypognathum or hipognatum, refers to the ventral part of the gnathosoma (the part of the body comprising the mouth and feeding parts) or the fusion of the palpal (of the pedipalps, the second pair of appendages) coxae (the point of union of the appendages with the body) and the labrum (the upper mouthpart) complex present in some arthropods on which the mouth, pedipalps, mouthparts and pharynx are generally located. It is delimited by the subcapitular apodeme (an ingrowth of the exoskeleton for muscle attachment), which separates it from the cheliceral (of the chelicerae, the first pair of appendages) frame.

Labrum (arthropod mouthpart)
The labrum is a flap-like structure that lies immediately in front of the mouth in almost all extant Euarthropoda. The most conspicuous exceptions are the Pycnogonida, which are probably chelicerates. In entomology, the labrum amounts to the "upper lip" of an insect mouth, the corresponding "lower lip" being the labium.

The evolutionary origin, embryogenesis, and morphological development of the labrum have proved to be some of the most controversial and challenging topics in the study of arthropod head structures.
Defence Public Affairs Learning Centre
The Defence Public Affairs Learning Centre (DPALC) is a Canadian military training institution that provides Department of National Defence and Canadian Armed Forces personnel with specialized military public affairs and communications training. It is part of the Assistant Deputy Minister (Public Affairs) organization and executes its mandate under the authority of the Canadian Defence Academy.

Defense Information School
The Defense Information School (DINFOS) is a United States Department of Defense (DoD) school located at Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. DINFOS fulfills the Department of Defense's need for an internal corps of professional journalists, broadcasters, and public affairs professionals. Members from all branches of the U.S. military, DoD civilians and international military personnel attend DINFOS for training in public affairs, print journalism, photojournalism, photography, television and radio broadcasting, lithography, equipment maintenance and various forms of multimedia. Since 1995, DINFOS is accredited by the Council on Occupational Education.  The American Council on Education recommends college credit for most DINFOS courses.
Talavera petrensis
Talavera petrensis is a species of jumping spider of the genus Talavera. It was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837 as Euophrys petrensis. The species is widely distributed across Europe to Central Asia and China.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
YTMND
YTMND, an initialism for "You're the Man Now, Dog", is an online community centered on the creation of hosted memetic web pages (known within the community as fads, YTMNDs, or sites) featuring a juxtaposition of an image (still or short animation) centered or tiled along with optional large zooming text and a looping sound file. Images and sound files used in YTMNDs are usually either created or edited by users. YTMND is generally considered to be a humor website, owing its tone and culture to the original YTMND and its early imitators.

Dustin Diamond
Dustin Neil Diamond (January 7, 1977 – February 1, 2021) was an American actor and stand-up comedian. He is best known for portraying Samuel "Screech" Powers throughout the Saved by the Bell franchise, appearing from the first episodes of Good Morning, Miss Bliss (1988–89) through the subsequent spinoffs with The College Years (1993–94) and the last six seasons of The New Class (1994–2000); alongside Dennis Haskins, Diamond was the only person to appear in each of the first three Saved by the Bell shows. Following his run on Saved by the Bell, Diamond toured in stand-up comedy alongside appearances in film and reality television, most notably with the fifth season of Celebrity Fit Club in 2007.

Diamond was diagnosed with small-cell carcinoma in January 2021 and died of the disease one month later.
La gazzetta
La gazzetta, ossia Il matrimonio per concorso  (The Newspaper, or The marriage contest) is an opera buffa by Gioachino Rossini. The libretto was by Giuseppe Palomba after Carlo Goldoni's play Il matrimonio per concorso of 1763. The opera satirizes the influence of newspapers on people's lives. There is critical disagreement as to its success, although the New England Conservatory's notes for their April 2013 production state that the opera "was an immediate hit, and showed Rossini at his comic best".

Charles Osborne (music writer)
Charles Thomas Osborne (24 November 1927 – 23 September 2017) was an Australian journalist, theatre and opera critic, poet and novelist. He was the assistant editor of The London Magazine from 1958 until 1966, literature director of the Arts Council of Great Britain from 1971 until 1986, and chief theatre critic of Daily Telegraph (London) from 1986 to 1991.

He is the only author the Agatha Christie Estate has ever allowed to produce adapted works in her name.
Negm bar Zahroon
Ganzibra Negm bar Zahroon (baptismal name: Adam Negm bar Zakia Zihrun ࡀࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡉࡂࡌ ࡁࡓ ࡆࡀࡊࡉࡀ ࡆࡉࡄࡓࡅࡍ; Arabic: الشيخ نجم ابن زهرون; born 1892, Huwaiza; died 1976, Qal'at Saleh District) was a Mandaean priest. He is known for his role as E. S. Drower's main field consultant who helped her procure dozens of Mandaic texts, now kept in the Bodleian Library's Drower Collection.: 156

Tarmida
A tarmida (singular form in Classical Mandaic: ࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡀ, lit. 'disciple', plural form in Classical Mandaic: ࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡉࡀ tarmidia; Persian: ترمیدا; Arabic: ترميذة; Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [tarˈmida]) is a junior priest in Mandaeism. Ganzibras, or head priests, rank above tarmidas.
2019 Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec
The 2019 Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 13 September 2019 in Canada. It was the 10th edition of Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec and the 35th event of the 2019 UCI World Tour. Australian rider Michael Matthews of Team Sunweb won the race for the second year in a row and successfully defended his title.

Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec
The Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec is a one-day professional bicycle road race held in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Its first edition was on September 10, 2010, as the penultimate event in the 2010 UCI ProTour.

The Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec and the Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal held two days later are collectively known as the "Laurentian Classics" . Australian cyclist Simon Gerrans was the first to achieve a Laurentian double by winning both races in the same year in 2014. Fellow Australian cyclist Michael Matthews also achieved this double in 2018.

In 2024, organisers noted that they wished to stage a women's race in future, potentially as part of the UCI Women's World Tour.
15th New York State Legislature
The 15th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to April 12, 1792, during the fifteenth year of George Clinton's governorship, in New York City.

Rensselaer County, New York
Rensselaer County /rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 161,130, it's highest decennial count ever. Its county seat is Troy. The county is named in honor of the family of Kiliaen van Rensselaer, the original Dutch owner of the land in the area. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Rensselaer County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Roccasecca dei Volsci
Roccasecca dei Volsci is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Latina in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 miles (130 km) southeast of Rome and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Latina.

Roccasecca dei Volsci borders the following municipalities: Amaseno, Priverno, Prossedi, Sonnino.

Priverno
Priverno is a town, comune in the province of Latina, Lazio, central Italy. It was called Piperno until 1927.

It has a station of the Rome-Naples railway mainline. Nearby is the Monti Lepini chain. It was the birthplace of the canonist Reginald of Piperno.
Galois representation
In mathematics, a Galois module is a G-module, with G being the Galois group (named for Évariste Galois) of some extension of fields. The term Galois representation is frequently used when the G-module is a vector space over a field or a free module over a ring in representation theory, but can also be used as a synonym for G-module. The study of Galois modules for extensions of local or global fields and their group cohomology is an important tool in number theory.

Global field
In mathematics, a global field is one of two types of fields (the other one is local fields) that are characterized using valuations. There are two kinds of global fields:

Algebraic number field: A finite extension of

Global function field: The function field of an irreducible algebraic curve over a finite field, equivalently, a finite extension of , the field of rational functions in one variable over the finite field with  elements.

An axiomatic characterization of these fields via valuation theory was given by Emil Artin and George Whaples in the 1940s.