hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Melbourne Causeway
The Melbourne Causeway is located entirely within Brevard County, Florida in the United States. It is composed of three bridges and connects the municipalities of Melbourne and Indialantic across the Indian River Lagoon in Brevard County. The causeway is part of U.S. 192 (also known as SR 500), whose eastern terminus is located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the bridge, at SR A1A. East of the bridge, the road is known locally as Fifth Avenue. On the western side, the road continues through downtown Melbourne as Strawbridge Avenue. Each July 4, the bridge is closed for a fireworks show.

There are two bridges in Melbourne, the Melbourne Causeway and the Eau Gallie Causeway (SR 518) With the latter being named for the old city of Eau Gallie, which merged with Melbourne in 1969.

Indian River Lagoon
The Indian River Lagoon is a grouping of three lagoons: the Mosquito Lagoon, the Banana River, and the Indian River, on the Atlantic Coast of Florida; one of the most biodiverse estuaries in the Northern Hemisphere and is home to more than 4,300 species of plants and animals.

The Lagoon contains five state parks, four federal wildlife refuges and a national seashore. The Lagoon varies in width from 0.5 to 5 miles (0.80 to 8.05 km) and averages 4 feet (1.2 m) in depth.
IEEE 802.18
IEEE 802.18, the Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory Group ("RR-TAG"), is a working group of IEEE 802, the LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMCS). The working group currently has 6 projects on standards for radio-based systems:

IEEE 802.11 (Wireless Local area network- WLAN)

IEEE 802.15 (Wireless Personal area network - WPAN)

IEEE 802.16 (Wireless Metropolitan area network - WMAN)

IEEE 802.20 (Wireless Mobility)

IEEE 802.21 (Hand-off/Interoperability Between Networks)

IEEE 802.22 (Wireless Regional Area Network - WRAN).

The RR-TAG monitors the interests of the above 6 projects, at both national and international levels, and then makes comments and recommends policies to regulators, which balance the interests of all the wireless LMCS projects.

IEEE 802.20
IEEE 802.20 or Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) was a specification by the standard association of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for mobile broadband networks. The main standard was published in 2008. MBWA is no longer being actively developed.

This wireless broadband technology is also known and promoted as iBurst (or HC-SDMA, High Capacity Spatial Division Multiple Access). It was originally developed by ArrayComm and optimizes the use of its bandwidth with the help of smart antennas. Kyocera is the manufacturer of iBurst devices.
Marcellin Marbot
Jean-Baptiste Antoine Marcelin Marbot (/mɑːrˈboʊ/ mar-BOH, French: [ʒɑ̃ batist ɑ̃twan maʁsəlɛ̃ maʁbo]; 18 August 1782 – 16 November 1854), known as Marcellin Marbot, was a French general, famous for his memoirs depicting the Napoleonic age of warfare. He belongs to a family that has distinguished itself particularly in the career of arms, giving three generals to France in less than 50 years. His elder brother, Adolphe Marbot, was also a general.

Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and 1815. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France, which had been profoundly changed by the French Revolution. Exhausted by the Napoleonic Wars, the kingdom experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialisation. The July Revolution of 1830 effectively ended the restoration during the reign of Charles X, brother of the late King Louis XVI, leading to the July Monarchy and eventually the French Second Republic.
Hilmarton
Hilmarton is a village and civil parish in North Wiltshire, in the west of England. The village lies on the A3102 between the towns of Calne and Wootton Bassett, and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Lyneham. The parish includes the village of Goatacre and the hamlets of Catcomb, Clevancy, Highway and New Zealand.

Cowage Brook, a tributary of the River Marden, crosses the parish in a southwesterly direction and forms part of its western boundary.

Calne
Calne (/kɑːn/) is a town and civil parish in Wiltshire, southwestern England, at the northwestern extremity of the North Wessex Downs hill range, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Calne is on a small river, the Marden, that rises 2 miles (3 kilometres) away in the Wessex Downs, and is the only town on that river. It is on the A4 road national route 19 mi (31 km) east of Bath, 6 mi (10 km) east of Chippenham, 13 mi (21 km) west of Marlborough and 16 mi (26 km) southwest of Swindon. Wiltshire's county town of Trowbridge is 15 mi (24 km) to the southwest, with London 82 mi (132 km) due east as the crow flies. At the 2021 Census, Calne had 19,074 inhabitants.
Kazakhization
Kazakhization or Kazakhisation (Kazakh: Қазақтандыру, romanized: Qazaqtandyrucode: kaz promoted to code: kk , pronounced [qɑ.zɑq.tɑn.dəˈrʊ]) refers to a series of policies and movements aimed at reviving and promoting Kazakh culture, language, and identity in Kazakhstan, especially following its independence from the Soviet Union.

In recent years, there has been a growing self-awareness among Kazakhs regarding their national identity, with discussions surrounding the Kazakh language, historical narratives, and issues of famine and genocide becoming prominent. This renewed interest is accompanied by an official language policy that influences identity construction among the Kazakh population. However, the Kazakhization process has encountered obstacles, such as the widespread use of foreign languages instead of the state language by many citizens, and the complex demographic makeup of the country, which includes a large Russian-speaking population.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Unified Wine & Grape Symposium
Wine portal

The Unified Wine & Grape Symposium (UWGS) is an annual wine and grape industry event, held every January in Sacramento, California, United States of America. Since 1995 the American Society for Enology and Viticulture (ASEV) and the California Association of Winegrape Growers (CAWG) have worked together to develop the trade show combined with symposium. The Unified Symposium also hosts a trade show with over 650 vendors displaying their products and services to the more than 14,000 people who attend annually.

American Society for Enology and Viticulture
The American Society for Enology and Viticulture, founded in 1950,: 19  is a non-profit, scientific wine production industry organization headquartered in Davis, California.

Its membership of 2,400 includes professionals from wineries, vineyards, academic institutions and organizations. In addition, it has 120 Industrial Affiliates (companies).
Great Mosque of Qal'at Bani Hammad
The Great Mosque of Al Qala'a (Arabic: مسجد القلعة, romanized: Masjid El Qala'a)  is a former Sunni mosque, now in partial ruins, located in the UNESCO World Heritage city of Qal'at Bani Hammad, in the province of M'sila, Algeria. Its construction dates from the early 11th century, during the rule of the Hammadid Emir Hammad ibn Buluggin.

The mosque spans an area of over 3,500 square metres (38,000 sq ft), taking on a rectangular layout. It encompasses a vast sahn, a hypostyle prayer hall, and a square 25-metre-tall (82 ft) minaret. Regarded as one of the largest historic mosques in Algeria, second only to the Mansourah, it also contains one of the country's oldest minarets. Additionally, the mosque likely exerted an influence on subsequent Almohad minarets, notably the Giralda in Seville. Together with other archaeological remnants of palatial structures, it stands as a primary testament to the opulence and impact of the Hammadid civilization.

Hassan Tower
Hassan Tower or Tour Hassan (Arabic: صومعة حسان); is the minaret of an incomplete mosque in Rabat, Morocco. It was commissioned by Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, the third caliph of the Almohad Caliphate, near the end of the 12th century. The tower was intended to be the largest minaret in the world, and the mosque, if completed, would have been the largest in the western Muslim world. When al-Mansur died in 1199, construction on the mosque stopped. The minaret was left standing at a height of 44 meters. The rest of the mosque was also left incomplete, with only the beginnings of several walls and 348 columns being constructed. The tower, along with the remains of the mosque and the modern Mausoleum of Mohammed V, forms an important historical and tourist complex in Rabat.
Nuclear electric rocket
A nuclear electric rocket (more properly nuclear electric propulsion) is a type of spacecraft propulsion system where thermal energy from a nuclear reactor is converted to electrical energy, which is used to drive an ion thruster or other electrical spacecraft propulsion technology.  The nuclear electric rocket terminology is slightly inconsistent, as technically the "rocket" part of the propulsion system is non-nuclear and could also be driven by solar panels. This is in contrast with a nuclear thermal rocket, which directly uses reactor heat to add energy to a working fluid, which is then expelled out of a rocket nozzle.

Nuclear pulse propulsion
Nuclear pulse propulsion or external pulsed plasma propulsion is a hypothetical method of spacecraft propulsion that uses nuclear explosions for thrust. It originated as Project Orion with support from DARPA, after a suggestion by Stanisław Ulam in 1947. Newer designs using inertial confinement fusion have been the baseline for most later designs, including Project Daedalus and Project Longshot.
Radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer
Radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer (RIPA buffer) is a lysis buffer used to lyse cells and tissue for the radio immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA).  This buffer is more denaturing than NP-40 or Triton X-100 because it contains the ionic detergents SDS and sodium deoxycholate as active constituents and is particularly useful for disruption of nuclear membranes in the preparation of nuclear extracts. The stronger detergents in RIPA buffer (such as SDS) cause greater protein denaturation and decrease protein-protein interactions.

Lysis buffer
A lysis buffer is a buffer solution used for the purpose of breaking open cells for use in molecular biology experiments that analyze the labile macromolecules of the cells (e.g. western blot for protein, or for DNA extraction). Most lysis buffers contain buffering salts (e.g. Tris-HCl) and ionic salts (e.g. NaCl) to regulate the pH and osmolarity of the lysate. Sometimes detergents (such as Triton X-100 or SDS) are added to break up membrane structures. For lysis buffers targeted at protein extraction, protease inhibitors are often included, and in difficult cases may be almost required. Lysis buffers can be used on both animal and plant tissue cells.
UPEI Panthers women's basketball
The UPEI Panthers women's basketball team represents the University of Prince Edward Island in the Atlantic University Sport conference of U Sports women's basketball. The Panthers have the fourth-most Atlantic Conference Championships (six), with their most recent for the 2019–20 season. The 2019–20 team also won the bronze medal at the 2020 U Sports Women's Basketball Championship.

UPEI Panthers
The UPEI Panthers are the men's and women's athletic teams that represent the University of Prince Edward Island in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.  The UPEI Panthers have teams playing in the Atlantic University Sport (AUS) conference of the U Sports, including men's and women's ice hockey, soccer, basketball, cross country running, curling as well as women's rugby.  The women's field hockey team competes in an Atlantic league where the winner is then allowed to compete in the U Sports playoffs.  UPEI also offers a club-level men's rugby team.
Miss USA 1977
Miss USA 1977 was the 26th Miss USA pageant, televised live by CBS from the Gillard Municipal Auditorium in Charleston, South Carolina on May 14, 1977.

The pageant was won by Kimberly Tomes of Texas, who was crowned by outgoing titleholder Barbara Peterson of Minnesota.  Tomes was the first woman from Texas to win the Miss USA title, and went on to place as a semi-finalist at Miss Universe 1977.

Miss Universe 1977
Miss Universe 1977 was the 26th Miss Universe pageant, held at the National Theater in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, on 16 July 1977.

At the conclusion of the event, Rina Messinger of Israel crowned Janelle Commissiong of Trinidad and Tobago as Miss Universe 1977. This was the first time a black woman won Miss Universe. It is also the first victory of Trinidad and Tobago in the pageant's history.

Contestants from eighty countries and territories participated in this year's pageant. The pageant was hosted by Bob Barker in his eleventh consecutive year, while Helen O'Connell provided commentary and analysis throughout the event.
98th Illinois Infantry Regiment
The 98th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, later the 98th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Mounted Infantry, was an infantry and mounted infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Springfield Model 1861
The Springfield Model 1861 was a Minié-type rifled musket used by the United States Army during the American Civil War. Commonly referred to as the "Springfield" (after its original place of production, Springfield, Massachusetts), it was the most widely used Union Army shoulder weapon during the Civil War, favored for its range, accuracy, and reliability.
Achagua people
The Achagua (also Achawa and Axagua) are an Indigenous people of Colombia and Venezuela. At the time of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, their territory covered the present-day Venezuelan states of Bolívar, Guárico and Barinas. In the late twentieth century there were several hundred Achaguas remaining.

Indigenous peoples in Venezuela
Indigenous people in Venezuela are Native peoples who live in Venezuela. Also called Amerindians or Native Venezuelans, they form about 2% of the population of Venezuela, and many Venezuelans have some Indigenous ancestry. Indigenous people are concentrated in the southern Amazon rainforest state of Amazonas, where they make up nearly 50% of the population, and in the Andes of the western state of Zulia.

At least 30 Indigenous ethnic groups live in Venezuela, including the Wayuu (413,000), Warao people (49,000), Kali'na (34,000), Pemon (30,000), Anu͂ (21,000), Huottüja (19,000), Ya̧nomamö (16,000), Yaruro (7,000), Ye'kuana (6,000), and Motilone Barí (3,000).

About 200,000 Wayuu people who live in Zulia between Lake Maracaibo and the Colombian border. Another 100,000 or so Indigenous people live in the sparsely populated southeastern states of Amazonas, Bolívar, and Delta Amacuro.
Paulette McDonagh
Paulette de Vere McDonagh (11 June 1901 – 30 August 1978), was an Australian film director, who often worked in collaboration with her sisters Phyllis McDonagh and Isabel McDonagh (aka Marie Lorraine). In 1933 it was claimed she was one of only five female film directors in the world.

At one stage the sisters had offers to go to Hollywood. "Fox Films offered to send us," said Phyllis McDonagh, "...but we were sensible girls. We sat down and talked and decided we would end up very small fish in a big pond. At home we had work and a reputation."

National Film and Sound Archive
The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA), based in Canberra and known as ScreenSound Australia from 1999 to 2004, is Australia's audiovisual archive, responsible for developing, preserving, maintaining, promoting, and providing access to a national collection of film, television, sound, radio, video games, new media, and related documents and artefacts. The collection ranges from works created in the late nineteenth century when the recorded sound and film industries were in their infancy, to those made in the present day.

The NFSA collection first started as the National Historical Film and Speaking Record Library (within the then Commonwealth National Library) in 1935, becoming an independent cultural organisation in 1984. On 3 October, Prime Minister Bob Hawke officially opened the NFSA's headquarters in Canberra.
Liberty-Eylau High School
Liberty-Eylau High School is a public high school located in Texarkana, Texas near the unincorporated town of Eylau and classified as a 3A school by the University Interscholastic League. It is part of the Liberty-Eylau Independent School District located in southeastern Bowie County. During 2022‍–‍2023, Liberty-Eylau High School had an enrollment of 532 students and a student to teacher ratio of 7.41. The school received an overall rating of "D" from the Texas Education Agency for the 2024‍–‍2025 school year

Texarkana, Texas
Texarkana is a city in Bowie County, Texas, United States, in the Ark-La-Tex region. Located approximately 180 miles (290 km) from Dallas, Texarkana is a twin city with neighboring Texarkana, Arkansas. The Texas city's population was 36,193 at the 2020 census.

The city and its Arkansas counterpart form the core of the Texarkana metropolitan statistical area, encompassing all of Bowie County, Texas, and Miller County, Arkansas. The two cities had a combined population of 65,580 in the 2020 decennial census, and the metropolitan area had a population of 149,482.
Mary Ward (nun)
Mary Ward, IBVM CJ (23 January 1585 – 30 January 1645) was an English Catholic religious sister whose activities led to the founding of the Congregation of Jesus and the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, better known as the Sisters of Loreto. There is now a network of around 200 Mary Ward schools worldwide.  Ward was declared venerable by Pope Benedict XVI on 19 December 2009.

Ida Friederike Görres
Ida Friederike Görres (born Elisabeth Friederike, Reichsgräfin von Coudenhove-Kalergi; 2 December 1901 in Schloss Ronsperg, Bohemia – 15 May 1971 in Frankfurt am Main) was a Catholic writer. From the Coudenhove-Kalergi family, she was the daughter, one of the seven children, of Count Heinrich von Coudenhove-Kalergi and his Japanese wife Mitsuko Aoyama. Bishop Erik Varden described her as "one of the seminal Catholic thinkers of the twentieth century."
Ascalabos
Ascalabos is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish known from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone of Germany. It contains one species, A. voithii. Some authorities synonymize it with Leptolepis.

Leptolepis
Leptolepis (from Greek: λεπτός leptós, 'slight' and Greek: λεπίς lepis 'scale') is an extinct genus of stem-teleost fish that lived in what is now Europe (Germany, Luxembourg, France, England, Italy and maybe Greece) and North of Africa (Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco) during the Jurassic period (Pliensbachian–Callovian ages).
Comptosia neobiguttata
Comptosia neobiguttata is a species of bee flies in the family Bombyliidae, first described by David Keith Yeates in 1991.

It is found in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, and Queensland.

Bombyliidae
The Bombyliidae are a family of flies, commonly known as bee flies. Some are colloquially known as bomber flies. Adults generally feed on nectar and pollen, some being important pollinators. Larvae are mostly parasitoids of other insects.
DFS Seeadler
The DFS Seeadler (Sea Eagle) was a German flying boat sailplane designed by Hans Jacobs of the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Segelflug (DFS).  It was version of the 1935 DFS Rhönadler, with a new fuselage and strongly gulled wings to keep them clear from spray.  The aircraft was first flown in the summer of 1935, test piloted by Hanna Reitsch, and towed by a Dornier Do 12.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Shekel
A shekel or sheqel (Akkadian: 𒅆𒅗𒇻, romanized: šiqlu, siqlu; Ugaritic: 𐎘𐎖𐎍, romanized: ṯiql, Hebrew: שקל, romanized: šeqel, plural Hebrew: שקלים, romanized: šəqālim, Phoenician: 𐤔𐤒𐤋) is an ancient Mesopotamian coin, usually of silver. A shekel was first a unit of weight of a value that varied over time and by issuing authority. It was also used in ancient Tyre, Carthage, Philistia and Hasmonean Judea.

Ancient drachma
In ancient Greece, the drachma (Greek: δραχμή, romanized: drachmḗ, [drakʰmέː]; pl. drachmae or drachmas) was an ancient currency unit issued by many city-states during a period of ten centuries, from the Archaic period throughout the Classical period, the Hellenistic period up to the Roman period. The ancient drachma originated in Greece around the 6th century BC. The coin, usually made of silver or sometimes gold had its origins in a bartering system that referred to a drachma as a handful of wooden spits or arrows.  The drachma was unique to each city state that minted them, and were sometimes circulated all over the Mediterranean. The coinage of Athens was considered to be the strongest and became the most popular.
Neil Hoffman
Neil J. Hoffman (born c. 1939), is an American educator, and academic administrator. He served as a college and art school president for multiple educational organizations.

Hoffman served as president of School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SAIC) from 1983 to 1985; the president of the California College of Arts and Crafts (now California College of the Arts, or CCA), from 1985 to 1994; and the president of the Otis Art Institute of Parsons School of Design (now Otis College of Art and Design), from 1994 to 2000. He was also the dean and CEO of the Otis Art Institute of Parsons School of Design, from 1979 to 1983.

Hoffman has also served as the president of Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design (MIAD), from 2007 until May 2014.

Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design
The Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design (MIAD) is a private art school in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1974, MIAD is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and the National Association of Schools of Art and Design. The Jane Bradley Pettit Building is the college's main academic building, located on the Milwaukee River in the Historic Third Ward.