hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trial of Louis XVI
The trial of Louis XVI—officially called "Citizen Louis Capet" since being dethroned—before the National Convention in December 1792 was a key event of the French Revolution. He was convicted of high treason and other crimes, resulting in his execution.

Legislative Assembly (France)
The Legislative Assembly (French: Assemblée législative, [asɑ̃ble leʒislativ]) was the legislature of the Kingdom of France from 1 October 1791 to 20 September 1792 during the years of the French Revolution. It provided the focus of political debate and revolutionary law-making between the periods of the National Constituent Assembly and National Convention. The Legislative Assembly saw an unprecedented turnover of four ministers of Justice, four ministers of the Navy, six ministers of the Interior, seven ministers of Foreign Affairs, and eight ministers of War.
WNVU (FM)
WNVU (93.5 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to New Rochelle, New York, and serving the New York metropolitan area. WNVU is owned by the Houston, Texas–based non-profit Hope Media Group, and broadcasts a Spanish Christian radio format known as Vida Unida. The network features Christian music along with Christian talk and teaching programs.

WNVU is a Class A station with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 1,750 watts. WNVU's transmitter is located on the campus of Montefiore Medical Center in the New York City borough of the Bronx. It shares its tower with Fordham University-owned WFUV (the tower's primary tenant) and another religious station, VCY America-owned WVBN.

WVBN (FM)
WVBN (103.9 MHz) is a radio station licensed to Bronxville, New York. The station is owned by VCY America and features a Christian radio format, consisting of teaching and traditional Christian music. WVBN's transmitter and tower are located on the campus of Montefiore Medical Center in the New York City borough of the Bronx.
Ad diem illum
Ad diem illum laetissimum is an encyclical of Pope Pius X on the Immaculate Conception, dated 2 February 1904, in the first year of his Pontificate. It is issued in commemoration of the fiftieth  anniversary of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception. The first reason for Pius to write the encyclical was his desire for "the restoration of all things in Christ", which he had defined as his motto in his first encyclical letter. It explains the Mariology of Pius X.

Encyclical
An encyclical was originally a circular letter sent to all the churches of a particular area in the ancient Roman Church. At that time, the word could be used for a letter sent out by any bishop. The word comes from the Late Latin encyclios (originally from the Latin encyclius, a Latinization of Greek ἐγκύκλιος (enkyklios), meaning "circular", "in a circle", or "all-round", also part of the origin of the word encyclopedia).

The term is now primarily associated with papal encyclicals from the Catholic Church for letters outlining the church's perspective on a topic, but is also used among Anglicans and the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Marts Peak
Marts Peak is a 4,551 metres (14,931 ft) high, small and sharp peak at the east edge of the ice-covered Vinson Plateau in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It surmounts Dater Glacier to the northeast and Hammer Col to the south.

The peak was named by US-ACAN in 2006 after Brian Marts, a member of the 1966–67 American Antarctic Mountaineering Expedition that made the first ascent of Mount Vinson, the summit of Antarctica, and other high mountains in the Sentinel Range.

Dater Glacier
The Dater Glacier is a steep valley glacier in Antarctica, 24 nautical miles (44 km; 28 mi) long and from 1 to 3 nautical miles (2 to 6 km; 1 to 3 mi) wide, flowing northeast in a sinuous course from the eastern slopes of the Vinson Massif between Sullivan Heights and Veregava Ridge to Rutford Ice Stream which borders the eastern flank of the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. At the lower end the Dater Glacier coalesces with the terminus of the Ellen Glacier, the two emerging from the Sentinel Range as one stream just north of the Flowers Hills.

The glacier was discovered by U.S. Navy Squadron VX-6 on photographic flights of 14–15 December 1959, and mapped from these photographs by the United States Geological Survey. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Henry M. Dater, a historian on the staff of the U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer and the U.S. Naval Support Force Antarctica.
1911 Ross and Cromarty by-election
The 1911 Ross and Cromarty by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 14 June 1911. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Ross and Cromarty (UK Parliament constituency)
Ross and Cromarty was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1832 to 1983. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system.

When created in 1832 by the Scottish Reform Act 1832 it combined in one seat the former seats Ross-shire and Cromartyshire.

In 1918 Lewis (a large island several miles offshore) was taken from the seat and merged into the then new Western Isles constituency, and the Fortrose component of the former Inverness Burghs constituency and the Dingwall and Cromarty Parliamentary burghs which formed part of the  Wick Burghs constituency were merged into the Ross and Cromarty constituency.

In 1983 the remaining area of the seat was merged with the Isle of Skye and Isle of Raasay areas of the then-Inverness seat to form Ross, Cromarty and Skye.
Ioan Sabău
Ioan "Neluțu" Ovidiu Sabău (born 12 February 1968) is a Romanian professional football manager and former player. He played as a midfielder for clubs in Romania, Italy, and the Netherlands, including Universitatea Cluj, Dinamo București, Feyenoord, Brescia, and Rapid București.

Sabău earned 55 caps for the Romania national team, representing his country at the 1990 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 1996. After retiring from playing, he managed several Romanian clubs, including Gaz Metan Mediaș, Poli Timișoara, and Universitatea Cluj, whom he coached to the Romanian Cup final in the 2022–23 season, which they lost in a penalty shootout.

1984–85 Divizia B
The 1984–85 Divizia B was the 45th season of the second tier of the Romanian football league system.

The format has been maintained to three series, each having 18 teams. At the end of the season the winners of the series were promoted to Divizia A and the last four places from each series were relegated to Divizia C.
Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexor digitorum sublimis) or flexor digitorum communis sublimis is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints.

It is in the anterior compartment of the forearm. It is sometimes considered to be the deepest part of the superficial layer of this compartment, and sometimes considered to be a distinct, "intermediate layer" of this compartment. It is relatively common for the flexor digitorum superficialis to be missing from the little finger, bilaterally and unilaterally, which can cause problems when diagnosing a little finger injury.

Anterior compartment of the forearm
The anterior compartment of the forearm (or flexor compartment) contains the following muscles:

The muscles are largely involved with flexion and supination. The superficial muscles have their origin on the common flexor tendon. The ulnar nerve and artery are also contained within this compartment. The flexor digitorum superficialis lies in between the other four muscles of the superficial group and the three muscles of the deep group. This is why it is also classified as the intermediate group.
Lungotevere Ripa
Lungotevere Ripa is the stretch of Lungotevere that links Ponte Palatino to the Port of Ripa Grande in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere.

The Lungotevere takes its name from the Latin word ripa, meaning "bank" (the toponym also applies to the neighboring Rione, that nevertheless lies on the other side of the Tiber and whose Lungotevere is called Lungotevere Aventino); it has been established as per deliberation dated July 20, 1887.

The stretch of Lungotevere between Via del Porto and Piazza di Porta Portese corresponds to the Port of Ripa Grande, formerly the greatest river port of Rome, that was destroyed during the building of the muraglioni (massive walls). It houses the Ospizio di San Michele a Ripa Grande.

Lungotevere
Lungotevere (Italian for Tiber Waterfront) is an alley or boulevard running along the river Tiber within the city of Rome.
The building of the Lungoteveres required the demolition of the former edifices along the river banks and the construction of retaining walls called muraglioni (massive walls).
Origins of the papal tiara
The origins of the papal tiara remain somewhat nebulous and clouded in mystery, first appearing in the Early Middle Ages, but developing a recognizable form in the High Middle Ages, after the Great Schism of 1054. The word tiara itself occurs in the classical annals to denote a Persian headdress, particularly that of the "great king". A camelaucum which was similar in shape to papal tiaras, was part of court dress in Byzantium; it was also inspired by the Phrygian cap, or frigium. Given that other rituals associated with the papal coronation, notably the use of the sedia gestatoria, were copied from Byzantine and eastern imperial ceremonial, it is likely that the tiara is also of Byzantine origin.

Sedia gestatoria
The sedia gestatoria (Italian: [ˈsɛːdja dʒestaˈtɔːrja], literally 'chair for carrying') or gestatorial chair is a ceremonial throne on which popes were carried on shoulders until 1978, which was later replaced outdoors in part with the popemobile. It consists of a richly adorned, silk-covered armchair, fastened on a suppedaneum, on each side of which are two gilded rings; through these rings pass the long rods with which twelve footmen (palafrenieri), in red uniforms, carry the throne on their shoulders. On prior occasions, as in the case of Pope Stephen III, popes were carried on the shoulders of men.

The sedia gestatoria is an elaborate variation on the sedan chair. Two large fans (flabella) made of white ostrich feathers—a relic of the ancient liturgical use of the flabellum, mentioned in the Constitutiones Apostolicae—were carried at either side of the sedia gestatoria.
Banner blindness
Banner blindness is a phenomenon in web usability where visitors to a website consciously or subconsciously ignore banner-like information. A broader phenomenon covering all forms of advertising is ad blindness, and the mass of banners being ignored is banner noise.

The term banner blindness was coined in 1998 as a result of website usability tests where a majority of the test subjects either consciously or unconsciously ignored information that was presented in banners. The information that was overlooked included both external advertisement banners and internal navigational banners, often called "quick links".

Banner ads still influence the behavior of viewers, even when they may not be consciously aware of an ad. A banner's content affects both businesses and visitors of the site. Advertisers seeking to avoid banner blindness may use native advertising and social media.

Web usability
Web usability of a website consists of broad goals of usability, presentation of information, choices made in a clear and concise way, a lack of ambiguity and the placement of important items in appropriate areas as well as ensuring that the content works on various devices and browsers.
Concerto in C major, RV 559
The Concerto in C major, RV 559, is a concerto grosso by the Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi, completed in 1740.

The concerto's instrumentation is for two oboes, two clarinets, string section and harpsichord. It is one of two of Vivaldi's concerti grossi for this instrumentation, the other being RV 560. The movements are: 1. Larghetto – [Allegro], 2. Largo, 3. Allegro. A performance lasts for about 10 to 12 minutes.

Concerto grosso
The concerto grosso (pronounced [konˈtʃɛrto ˈɡrɔsso]; Italian for big concert(o), plural concerti grossi [konˈtʃɛrti ˈɡrɔssi]) is a form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno, tutti or concerto grosso). This is in contrast to the solo concerto which features a single solo instrument with the melody line, accompanied by the orchestra.
Economy of Kolkata
Kolkata is the prime business, commercial and financial hub of eastern India and the main hub of communication for the North East Indian states. Kolkata, with  a GDP (PPP) of $220 billion  (as of 2024) is home to India's oldest, stock exchange company (bourse) – The Calcutta Stock Exchange. Kolkata is home to many industrial units operated by large public- and private-sector corporations; major sectors include steel, heavy engineering, mining, minerals, cement, pharmaceuticals, food processing, agriculture, electronics, textiles, and jute.

North 24 Parganas district
North 24 Parganas (abv. 24 PGS (N)) or sometimes North Twenty Four Parganas is a district in southern West Bengal, of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the tropical zone from latitude 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and from longitude 88º20' east to 89º5' east.  Barasat is the district headquarters of North 24 Parganas. North 24 Parganas is West Bengal's most populous district and also (since 2014) the most populated district in the whole of India. It is the tenth-largest district in the State by area.
Praeteropus
Praeteropus is a genus of worm-skinks, smallish smooth-scaled burrowing lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is endemic to the eastern half of Australia. The genus belongs to a clade in the Sphenomorphus group which contains such genera as Ctenotus and the close relatives Eulamprus and Gnypetoscincus (Austin & Arnold 2006).

Sphenomorphus
The genus Sphenomorphus – vernacularly also known as the common skinks – currently serves as a "wastebin taxon" for numerous skinks. While most or all species presently placed here are probably rather close relatives, the genus as presently delimited is likely not to be monophyletic and needs review. Some species in this genus have been moved to Pinoyscincus.

The namesake of the Sphenomorphus group of Lygosominae genera, most species would probably occupy a rather basal position therein.
Arthur's Pass
Arthur's Pass, previously called Camping Flat then Bealey Flats, and for some time officially Arthur Pass, is a township in the Southern Alps of the South Island of New Zealand, located in the Selwyn district. It is a popular base for exploring Arthur's Pass National Park.

Arthur's Pass township is about five kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the mountain pass with the same name. At an elevation of 740 metres (2,430 ft) above sea level, the settlement is surrounded by beech forest. The Bealey River runs through the township. The town is located 153 kilometres (95 mi) from Christchurch, a two-hour drive on State Highway 73.

Bealey River
The Bealey River is a small river located in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. It is a tributary of the Waimakariri River. Its valley forms the eastern approach to Arthur's Pass. The river and the Bealey settlement are named for Samuel Bealey, a 19th-century Superintendent of Canterbury Province and pastoralist.
2018 Boston Pizza Cup
The 2018 Boston Pizza Cup was held 31 January to 4 February at the Grant Fuhr Arena in Spruce Grove, Alberta. The winning Brendan Bottcher rink represented Alberta at the 2018 Tim Hortons Brier in Regina, Saskatchewan.

The semifinal and final games were broadcast on Sportsnet One.

Boston Pizza Cup
The Boston Pizza Cup is the Alberta provincial championship for men's curling, run by Curling Alberta. The winner represents Team Alberta at the national men's championship, called the Montana's Brier.  Currently sponsored by restaurant chain Boston Pizza, under former sponsors, the championship was known as the Alberta Kia Cup and the Safeway Select. Prior to obtaining a title sponsor, the tournament was called the Alberta Tankard.
1941 State of the Union Address
The 1941 State of the Union address, also known as the Four Freedoms Speech, was delivered by Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, on January 6, 1941 to the 77th Congress. In it, Roosevelt warned of unprecedented global threats from the Axis powers of World War II and introduced his vision of the Four Freedoms: Freedom of speech and expression, Freedom of worship, Freedom from want, and Freedom from fear.

Roosevelt called for expanded defense production and Lend-Lease aid to nations resisting aggression, asserting the U.S. role as the "arsenal of democracy." Domestically, he advocated for increased taxation to fund defense, unemployment insurance, and economic reforms.

The address became a defining moment in U.S. foreign policy, reinforcing the nation's commitment to democracy and influencing post-war frameworks like the Atlantic Charter.

77th United States Congress
The 77th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1941, to January 3, 1943, during the ninth and tenth years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1930 United States census.

Both chambers maintained a Democratic majority - with the Senate being a supermajority. With the reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a then record third term, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

This was the first Congress to have more than one Senate president (John Garner and Henry Wallace) due to the passage of the 20th Amendment in 1933.
Irisbus Europolis
The Irisbus Europolis is an integrally-constructed low-floor midibus model with 49 passengers produced by Irisbus (now known as Iveco Bus.)

Cities whose transport companies use the Irisbus Europolis include Rome, Reggio Calabria, Cagliari and Terni in Italy, Lyon in France, Pula in Croatia, and  Thessaloniki (22 pieces) in Greece.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
Adrián Otaegui
Adrián Otaegui Jaúregui  (born 21 November 1992) is a Spanish-Emirati professional golfer from San Sebastián who plays on the European Tour where he has won five times. He also played in the inaugural LIV Golf Invitational Series.

2013 Challenge Tour graduates
This is a list of players who graduated from the Challenge Tour in 2013. The top 15 players on the Challenge Tour's money list in 2013 earned their European Tour card for 2014.

* European Tour rookie in 2014
T = Tied 
  The player retained his European Tour card for 2016 (finished inside the top 110).
  The player did not retain his European Tour card for 2016, but retained conditional status (finished between 111–147).
  The player did not retain his European Tour card for 2015 (finished outside the top 147).

Koepka earned a direct promotion to the European Tour after his third win of the season in June. Pavan and Otaegui regained their cards for 2015 through Q School.
Hells Angels MC criminal allegations and incidents in the United Kingdom
The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club, an international outlaw biker gang, has been involved in multiple crimes, alleged crimes, and violent incidents in the United Kingdom. According to the National Criminal Intelligence Service (NCIS), the British Hells Angels are involved in cannabis and amphetamine trafficking, as well as contract killing, extortion, prostitution, money laundering and credit card fraud. The NCIS called the Hells Angels "the fastest-growing organised crime group in the world" and also accused the club of being responsible for more assaults and murders than any other gang in the country.

Bulldog Bash
The Bulldog Bash was an annual motorcycle rally, with a reported attendance of 50,000 people in 2007. It was held over a weekend in mid-August, at the former Shakespeare County Raceway, situated outside of Stratford-upon-Avon in England. The last event was in 2017, as the planned 2018 weekend was cancelled due to the venue being sold for housing development.
Bin Down
Bin Down is a hill, 203 metres (666 ft) high near Liskeard in the county of Cornwall, England. Its prominence of 101 metres qualifies it as a HuMP.

Bin Down is located near the south Cornish coast, about 6 kilometres NNE of Looe. Its summit lies within the grounds of Looe Golf Course, near the 7th tee. There is a trig point near the summit.

Liskeard
Liskeard (/lɪˈskɑːrd/ ⓘ lih-SKARD; Cornish: Lyskerrys) is an ancient stannary and market town and civil parish in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth, 14 miles (23 km) west of the Devon border, and 12 miles (20 km) east of Bodmin. The Bodmin Moor lies to the north-west of the town. At the 2021 census the population of the parish of 10,902.
Tabgha
Tabgha (Arabic: الطابغة, al-Tabigha; Hebrew: עין שבע, Ein Sheva which means "spring of seven") is an area situated on the north-western shore of the Sea of Galilee in Israel and a depopulated Palestinian village. It is traditionally accepted as the place of the miracle of the multiplication of the loaves and fishes (Mark 6:30-46) and the third resurrection appearance of Jesus (John 21:1-24) after his Crucifixion. The village population was expelled in 1948 during Operation Matateh ("Broom").

Mark 6
Mark 6 is the sixth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. In this chapter, Jesus goes to Nazareth and experiences rejection by his own family. He then sends his Apostles in pairs to various cities in the region, where they might also face rejection. Finally, Jesus goes back to the Sea of Galilee and performs some of his most famous miracles, including the feeding of the 5,000 and walking on water. This chapter also gives an account of the murder of John the Baptist.
Fereyduni, South Khorasan
Fereyduni (Persian: فريدوني, also Romanized as Fereydūnī) is a village in Baghestan Rural District, in the Eslamiyeh District of Ferdows County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 21 families.

Eslamiyeh District (Ferdows County)
Eslamiyeh District (Persian: بخش اسلامیه) is in Ferdows County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Eslamiyeh, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 7,108 in 2,193 households.