hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Whitmer Historical Association
The John Whitmer Historical Association (JWHA) is an independent, nonprofit organization promoting study, research, and publishing about the history and culture of the Latter Day Saint movement.  It is especially focused on the Community of Christ (formerly known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, or RLDS Church), other midwestern Restoration traditions, and early Mormonism.  The Community of Christ's approach to its own history was influenced, in part, by historical problems raised and explored through JWHA publications and conferences, and those of its sister organization, the Mormon History Association.  JWHA membership numbers around 400 and is open to all, fostering cooperation with LDS and non-Mormon scholars.

History of the Community of Christ
The history of Community of Christ, formerly known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, covers a period of approximately 200 years. The church's early history traces to the revelations of Joseph Smith, who founded the  Church of Christ. After Smith's death, a  crisis in leadership would lead to several factions forming, some of which would coalesce into the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Under the  leadership of Smith's son, Joseph Smith III, the church would develop a more moderate character than other groups within the Latter Day Saint Movement. The church has continued to grow, becoming the second-largest church in the movement at large, behind the  Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. In 2001, the church changed its name to Community of Christ in order to better reflect its mission as an organization focused on community and Christ.
J. D. Lind
James Douglas Lind (born February 19, 1985) is a Canadian curler and coach. He led three different Japanese curling club teams at Olympic Games in 2014 Sochi and in 2018 PyeongChang as the national coach, and brought five bronze medals to Japanese women's team in 2018.

Karuizawa, Nagano
Karuizawa (軽井沢町, Karuizawa-machi) is a resort town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2025, the town had an estimated population of 21,834 in 11,285 households, and a population density of 139 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 156.03 km2 (60.24 sq mi).

Originally, there was a stage station (shukuba) called Karuisawa-shuku on the Nakasendō. The Shin'etsu Line opened in 1888 and the town became popular as a Western-style hill station around that time.
History of email spam
The history of email spam reaches back to the mid-1990s, when commercial use of the internet first became possible—and marketers and publicists began to test what was possible.

Very soon, email spam was ubiquitous, unavoidable, and repetitive. This article details significant events in the history of spam, and the efforts made to limit it.

Open Relay Behavior-modification System
Open Relay Behavior-modification System (ORBS), created and run by Alan Brown in New Zealand, was one of the first DNS-based Blackhole Lists (DNSBL), a means by which an internet domain may publish a list of IP addresses, in a database which can be easily queried automatically by other computer programs on the Internet.
The ORBS list was used to blacklist IP addresses that were open mail relays, third-party mail servers through which spammers can relay their messages and thus attempt to obfuscate the source of the spam.
Introducing the Minutemen
Introducing the Minutemen is a retrospective and relatively comprehensive compilation of songs by influential punk/alternative trio the Minutemen, compiled by bassist and notable solo artist Mike Watt twelve years after the end of the band. The album is made up of tracks spanning the band's entire career, sampling tracks from all of their studio releases with the exception of the Tour-Spiel EP and the Black Flag-Minutemen collaboration Minuteflag.

The band's landmark breakthrough Double Nickels on the Dime donates the most tracks, with seven. The three-song Joy EP and the rarities collection The Politics of Time both contribute a mere two tracks.

Joy (Minutemen EP)
Joy is the second EP by American hardcore punk band Minutemen. Recorded not long after the release of their first EP Paranoid Time, it is also the first release on Minutemen's own label New Alliance Records. Their first studio album The Punch Line was released three months after Joy, but Joy was recorded after The Punch Line.

The EP also appears as part of the My First Bells cassette and the Post-Mersh Vol. 3 CD, both on SST Records. SST reissued the EP in 1987 not long after buying New Alliance Records from Mike Watt. When SST took over the New Alliance label and back catalogue, the label redated the copyright on the EP to be 1987, causing some fans to believe that the EP contained previously unreleased material. The EP was also reissued as a 10" colored vinyl EP and in 1988 as a three-inch CD. Joy was recorded and mixed in five hours.
1990 AC Spark Plug 500
The 1990 AC Spark Plug 500 was the 16th stock car race of the 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 18th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, July 22, 1990, before an audience of 90,000 in Long Pond, Pennsylvania, at Pocono Raceway, a 2.5 miles (4.0 km) triangular permanent course. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Depending on fuel mileage, Junior Johnson & Associates driver Geoff Bodine would manage to coast his car for the final 43 laps of the race to take his ninth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Melling Racing driver Bill Elliott and Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace would finish second and third, respectively.

1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 42nd season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 19th modern-era Cup Series. It began on Sunday, February 11, and ended on Sunday, November 18. Because of a highly controversial penalty to Mark Martin early in the season, Dale Earnhardt with Richard Childress Racing was crowned the Winston Cup champion for the fourth time, edging out Martin by 26 points.
Roan van de Moosdijk
Roan van de Moosdijk (born 9 October 2000) is a Dutch professional Motocross racer.

van de Moosdijk made his debut in the Motocross World Championship in 2017 and competed in the MX2 class until the end of 2023. He was the 2019 European Motocross Champion in the EMX250 class.

In 2025, he became only the second Dutch rider to win the main MX Masters class within the ADAC MX Masters championship.

van de Moosdijk represented his country at the 2021 Motocross des Nations, his only appearance in the event to date.

2023 Dutch Masters of Motocross
The 2023 Dutch Masters of Motocross season was the 6th Dutch Masters of Motocross season.

The series had three rounds across the eastern part of The Netherlands, running from March to May. Calvin Vlaanderen was the reigning champion in the 500cc class, after winning his first title in 2022. Rick Elzinga was the reigning champion in the 250cc class after he won his first title in the previous season.

Jeffrey Herlings was able to record a perfect season in the 500cc class, winning all three rounds with double race wins. This would be Herlings' fourth Dutch Masters of Motocross title overall and his third in the 500cc class. Kay de Wolf won the 250cc title in similarly dominant fashion, winning all three rounds and five out of six races within that.
Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge Complex
Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge Complex consists of six National Wildlife Refuges, all of them managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuges are located in the central sections of the U.S. state of Montana. The complex includes the following areas:

Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge (headquarters for the complex)

Grass Lake National Wildlife Refuge (formerly Halfbreed Lake NWR)

Hailstone National Wildlife Refuge

Lake Mason National Wildlife Refuge

War Horse National Wildlife Refuge

UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge

Lake Mason National Wildlife Refuge
Lake Mason National Wildlife Refuge is located in the center of the U.S. state of Montana. The refuge has numerous lakes and extensive marshlands along Willow Creek, which provide nesting habitat for over a hundred bird species. The refuge is managed from the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge and is normally unstaffed and has few visitor improvements. The refuge consists of three discontinuous areas; the Lake Mason area which has seasonal wetlands, the North section consisting primarily of uplands and the Willow Creek section which was set aside to protect habitat for the mountain plover.

Animals that roam in this refuge include red-tailed hawk, raccoon, coyote, ferruginous hawk, beaver, Canada goose, ring-necked pheasant, red fox, northern harrier, porcupine, bald eagle, rough-legged hawk, long-tailed weasel, short-eared owl, golden eagle, mink, burrowing owl, mallard, muskrat, and badger.
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mahe
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mahe is a co-educational boarding school in Mahe district of Puducherry union territory in India. Navodaya Vidyalayas are funded by the Government of India's Ministry of Education and administered by Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, an autonomous body under the ministry. Navodaya Vidyalayas offer free education to children from Class VI to XII. Mahe district is a coastal enclave within Kerala state, located about 615 km from union territory headquarter Pondicherry.

Mahe district
Mahé district, (/ˈmɑːheɪ/) natively Mayyazhi (Malayalam: [mɐjːɐɻi]), is one of the four census districts of the union territory of Puducherry, India. Administratively it falls under the Puducherry district. It consists of the whole of the Mahé region. Mahé is the smallest district of India in terms of land area. The total area of Mahé district is surrounded on three sides by Kannur District and one side by Kozhikode District. Geographically Mahé district is part of North Malabar region.

It is the sixth least populous district in the country (out of 773).
Putnam County, Indiana
Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 36,726. The county seat is Greencastle. The county was named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War. The county was created in 1821 and organized in April 1822.

U.S. Route 36 in Indiana
U.S. Route 36 (US 36) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado to Uhrichsville, Ohio. In the state of Indiana, it is part of the Indiana State Road system that runs across the central portion of the state from the Illinois state line near Dana to the Ohio state line near Spartanburg. In the Indianapolis area, US 36 overlaps the southern section of Interstate 465 (I-465), bypassing the downtown area where the route formerly went.
Upton Broad and Marshes
Upton Broad and Marshes is a 195.4-hectare (483-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Norwich in Norfolk, England. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and a larger area of 318-hectare (790-acre) is managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust.  It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation.

This is described by Natural England as "an outstanding example of unreclaimed wetland and grazing marsh". Its rich invertebrate fauna includes eighteen species of freshwater snail, and an outstanding variety of dragonflies and damselflies, including the nationally rare Norfolk hawker.

The site is open to the public.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Penaeoidea
Penaeoidea is the larger of the two superfamilies of prawns. It comprises eight families, three of which are known only from fossils. The fossil record of the group stretches back to Aciculopoda, discovered in Famennian sediments in Oklahoma.

† Aciculopodidae (1 genus, 1 species)

† Aegeridae (2 genera, 25 species)

Aristeidae (10 genera, 28 species)

Benthesicymidae (5 genera, 43 species)

† Carpopenaeidae (1 genus, 3 species)

Penaeidae (48 genera, 286 species)

Sicyoniidae (1 genus, 53 species)

Solenoceridae (10 genera, 86 species)

Benthesicymidae
Benthesicymidae is a family of pelagic and bathypelagic shrimps in the suborder Dendrobranchiata. Because they live in the deep ocean, these shrimp are difficult to collect, and much is still unknown about their ecology and evolution. Recent work by Vereshchaka & Lunina has clarified evolutionary relationships within the family. Evidence for fossil Benthesicymidae have been collected from the Late Santonian of Lebanon.
Parliament House, Hobart
Parliament House, Hobart, located on Salamanca Place in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, is the meeting place of the Parliament of Tasmania. The building was originally designed as a customs house but changed use in 1841 when Tasmania achieved self-government. The building served both purposes from 1841 to 1904, when the customs offices were relocated.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Earl of Minto
Earl of Minto, in the County of Roxburgh, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1813 for Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Baron Minto. The current earl is Gilbert Timothy George Lariston Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 7th Earl of Minto (born 1953).

The family seat is Minto Park, near Hawick in the Scottish Borders. The original family seat, Minto Castle, was demolished in 1992 after having been abandoned for some time.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
Kentucky's 4th Senate district
Kentucky's 4th Senatorial district is one of 38 districts in the Kentucky Senate. Located in western Kentucky, it comprises the counties of Henderson, Hopkins, Union, and Webster. It has been represented by Robby Mills (R–Henderson) since 2019. As of 2023, the district had a population of 115,888.

From 1942 to 1945, the district was represented by Earle Clements, who would later be elected governor and U.S. senator from Kentucky. From 1894 to 1897, the district was represented by William J. Deboe, who was elected U.S. senator from Kentucky in 1897.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Micklethwaite, Bradford
Micklethwaite is a village in the civil parish of Bingley, in the Bradford district, in the county of West Yorkshire, England. The village is separated from Bingley end of Crossflatts by the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. It is part of Bingley ward, and population statistics are accounted for in the ward censuses.

Bingley (ward)
Bingley (population 13,675 - 2001 UK census, 18,294 at the 2011 Census) is a Ward in Bradford Metropolitan District in the county of West Yorkshire, England, named after the town of Bingley around which it is centred.

As well as the town of Bingley the ward includes the conurbated villages of Eldwick, Gilstead, the slightly detached village of Micklethwaite and part of Crossflatts (the rest of which is located in Keighley East). The ward also extends to cover a substantial section of the moorland above the town.
"Elektrownia" Gallery of Contemporary Art
Galeria Sztuki Współczesnej "Elektrownia" (Polish: Gallery of Contemporary Art "Elektrownia"; lit. "Power Station") is a contemporary art gallery in Czeladź, Poland, located at ul. Dehnelów 45 in a post-industrial building of the former power station of the Saturn coal mine complex. The gallery began operating in 2005. In 2010 it was included in the Silesian Industrial Monuments Route (Szlak Zabytków Techniki Województwa Śląskiego). Since 1 September 2016, the site has been operated by the Muzeum Saturn (Saturn Museum) in Czeladź.

Contemporary art gallery
A contemporary art gallery is normally a commercial art gallery operated by an art dealer which specializes in displaying for sale contemporary art, usually new works of art by living artists. This approach has been called the "Castelli Method" after Leo Castelli, whose success was attributed to his active involvement in discovering and promoting emerging artists beginning in the late 1950s with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg.
2010 European Trophy
The 2010 European Trophy was a European ice hockey tournament, played between 11 August and 5 September 2010. It was the first edition of the European Trophy. The final weekend was played in Salzburg and Zell am See, with the final held at the Eisarena Salzburg, which Eisbären Berlin won 5–3 over HV71 Jönköping.

Overtime (ice hockey)
Overtime is a method of determining a winner in an ice hockey game when the score is tied after regulation. The main methods of determining a winner in a tied game are the overtime period (commonly referred to as overtime), the shootout, or a combination of both. If league rules dictate a finite time in which overtime may be played, with no penalty shoot-out to follow, the game's winning team may or may not be necessarily determined.
20th PMPC Star Awards for Television
The 20th PMPC Star Awards for Television ceremony was held at the UP Theater, Quezon City on October 23, 2006 and broadcast over RPN Channel 9 on October 28, 2006. The ceremony was hosted by Boy Abunda, Tin Tin Bersola-Babao, Jean Garcia, Toni Gonzaga and Joey Marquez and directed by Ding Bolanos.

StarStruck season 3
The third season of StarStruck, also known as StarStruck: The Nationwide Invasion, is a Philippine television reality talent competition show, was broadcast on GMA Network. Hosted by Dingdong Dantes, Jolina Magdangal and Raymond Gutierrez, it premiered on November 28, 2005. The council was composed of Joey de Leon, Louie Ignacio and Lorna Tolentino. The season ended with 77 episodes on March 12, 2006, having Marky Cielo and Jackie Rice as the Ultimate Survivors.
Université-de-Montréal station
Université-de-Montréal station (French pronunciation: [ynivɛʁsite də mɔ̃ʁeal]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Blue Line. It is located  in the Côte-des-Neiges neighbourhood.

Blue Line (Montreal Metro)
The Blue Line (French: Ligne bleue, pronounced [liɲ blø]), also known as Line 5 (French: Ligne 5), is one of the four lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was the fourth to be built, notwithstanding its alternate official name of "Line 5", as Line 3 was planned but never built. Unlike the other three routes, the east–west Blue Line does not serve the city's main Metro junction at Berri–UQAM.

The line first opened in 1986, with the last addition to the line being an intermediate station in 1988. The line is currently being extended five stations to the east, with completion scheduled for 2031.
Australocosmica
Australocosmica is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae.

The genus was first described in 2011 by Frank Köhler. The type species is Australocosmica augustae.

Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.

These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia.

A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae.

This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae.
Bitwig Studio
Bitwig Studio is a proprietary digital audio workstation developed by Bitwig GmbH. Bitwig is available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. Bitwig is designed to be an instrument for live performances as well as a tool for composing, recording, arranging, mixing, and mastering. It offers a suite of controls for beatmatching, crossfading, and other effects used by turntablists. Bitwig supports both traditional linear music arrangement and non-linear (clip-based) production. It has multi-monitor and touch screen support. Bitwig is notable for its strong modulation and automation capabilities.

In 2017, Bitwig Studio was named DAW of the year by Computer Music magazine. In 2023 it was named DAW of the year by Future Music magazine and Music Radar magazine.

Digital audio workstation
A digital audio workstation (DAW /dɔː/) is an electronic device or application software used for recording, editing and producing audio files. DAWs come in a wide variety of configurations, from a single software program on a laptop, to an integrated stand-alone unit, all the way to a highly complex configuration of numerous components controlled by a central computer. Regardless of configuration, modern DAWs have a central interface that allows the user to alter and mix multiple recordings and tracks into a final produced piece.

DAWs are used for producing and recording music, songs, speech, radio, television, soundtracks, podcasts, sound effects and nearly every other kind of complex recorded audio.