hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Seattle Mariners
The Seattle Mariners are an American professional baseball team based in Seattle, Washington. Enfranchised in 1977, the Mariners are a member of the Western Division of Major League Baseball's American League. Safeco Field, now named T-Mobile Park, has been the Mariners' home ballpark since July 1999. From their 1977 inception until June 1999, the club's home park was the Kingdome.

1977 Major League Baseball expansion
The 1977 Major League Baseball expansion resulted in the establishment of expansion franchises in Seattle and Toronto in the American League of Major League Baseball. The Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays began play in the 1977 season, becoming the 25th and 26th teams in Major League Baseball.

Seattle and Toronto were included in a list of potential expansion cities in a survey conducted by the American League in 1960. The others were Atlanta, Buffalo, Dallas–Fort Worth, Denver, Oakland, and San Diego (all of which received MLB franchises eventually through expansion or relocation except Buffalo, which has a AAA team in the Blue Jays system.)
Chvorinov's rule
Chvorinov's rule is a physical relationship that relates the solidification time for a simple casting to the volume and surface area of the casting. It was first expressed by Czech engineer Nicolas Chvorinov in 1940.

Casting
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solidified part is also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process. Casting materials are usually metals or various time setting materials that cure after mixing two or more components together; examples are epoxy, concrete, plaster and clay. Casting is most often used for making complex shapes that would be otherwise difficult or uneconomical to make by other methods. Heavy equipment like machine tool beds, ships' propellers, etc. can be cast easily in the required size, rather than fabricating by joining several small pieces. Casting is a 7,000-year-old process. The oldest surviving casting is a copper frog from 3200 BC.
2 Chronicles 8
2 Chronicles 8 is the eighth chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament in the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of Solomon (2 Chronicles 1 to 9). The focus of this chapter is Solomon's other building projects and commercial efforts.

2 Chronicles 9
2 Chronicles 9 is the ninth chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament in the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in the late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of Solomon (2 Chronicles 1 to 9). The focus of this chapter is Solomon's fame and wealth with the visit of the queen of Sheba and the list of his treasures, ending with the report of his death and the history books containing his activities.
Hem Heath Woods
Hem Heath Woods is a nature reserve of the Staffordshire Wildlife Trust.

It is on the southern fringe of Stoke-on-Trent, England. Its northern boundary is at the A5035 road at Hem Heath; the southern boundary is adjacent to the Wedgwood visitor centre at Barlaston.

Fraxinus
Fraxinus (/ˈfræksɪnəs/), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous (dropping their leaves in autumn), although some subtropical species are evergreen. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North America.

The leaves are usually opposite, and mostly pinnately compound (divided into leaflets in a feather-like arrangement). The seeds, known as "keys", are botanically fruits of the type called samara. Some species are dioecious, having male and female flowers on separate plants.

Ash wood is strong and elastic, and used for the handles of tools. Musical instrument makers use it for electric guitars and for drum shells. The Morgan Motor Company makes the frames of sports cars from ash wood. In Greek mythology, the Meliae were the nymphs of ash trees.
Museum of the University of St Andrews
The Wardlaw Museum is associated with the University of St Andrews. The museum houses a selection of the university's historic, artistic and scientific collections, which comprise over 115,000 artefacts. They are displayed across four galleries which aim to tell the story of the university. The newly refurbished museum now has an extended temporary exhibition space as well as a new research studio and extended gift shop. also contains a 'Learning Loft' for workshops and a viewing terrace with panoramic views over St Andrews Bay.

James Gregory (mathematician)
James Gregory (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. His surname is sometimes spelt as Gregorie, the original Scottish spelling. He described an early practical design for the reflecting telescope – the Gregorian telescope – and made advances in trigonometry, discovering infinite series representations for several trigonometric functions.

In his book Geometriae Pars Universalis (1668) Gregory gave both the first published statement and proof of the fundamental theorem of the calculus (stated from a geometric point of view, and only for a special class of the curves considered by later versions of the theorem), for which he was acknowledged by Isaac Barrow.
USS Saunter
USS Saunter (AM-295) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She was built to clear minefields in offshore waters.

Saunter was laid down on 23 November 1942 by Winslow Marine Railway and Shipbuilding Co., Seattle, Washington, launched on 20 February 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Merle Black, and commissioned on 22 January 1944.

Admirable-class minesweeper
The Admirable class was one of the largest and most successful classes of minesweepers ordered by the United States Navy during World War II.  Typically, minesweepers detected and removed naval mines before the rest of the fleet arrived, thereby ensuring safe passage for the larger ships. They were also charged with anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with rear-mounted depth charge racks and a forward-firing Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar.  Their job was essential to the safety and success of U.S. naval operations during World War II and the Korean War. These minesweepers were also employed as patrol vessel and convoy escorts. The only remaining ship of this class is located at Freedom Park, Omaha, NE.

The PCE-842-class of patrol craft escorts was based on the Admirable-class design.
Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ5
The Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ5 is a superzoom bridge digital camera. It has Universal Serial Bus connectivity and has a mass of 326 grams (11.5 oz). It is featured with a black or silver model and was released by Panasonic in February 2005.

Like its predecessors the 2-megapixel FZ1 and FZ2, it has its 12x optical zoom-lens designed by Leica, with the 35 mm equivalents being 36–432. In which, it has the improved optical image stabilization system (Mega O.I.S) and the Venus II engine, which helps process its images faster, after a shooting.

Likewise, because of its functions, it is as though the FZ20 has come down to size. The only functions that the FZ5 does not include is its manual focus ring, flash hotshoe, and ED lens-element.

Although the FZ20's lens also has frozen aperture at f/2.8 through the full zoom-range, the DMC-FZ5's is at 2.8–3.3, a relatively minor difference.

The FZ5 has since been replaced by the FZ7.

Superzoom
A superzoom or ultrazoom lens is a type of photographic zoom lens with unconventionally large focal length factors, typically ranging from wide angle to extreme long lens focal lengths in one lens. There is no clear definition of a superzoom lens, but the name generally covers lenses that have a range well above the 3× or 4× (e.g., 28-85 mm or 70-210 mm) of a standard zoom lens, with lenses being 10×, 12×, 18×, or above considered superzoom.

Advantages of a superzoom lens include compositional flexibility, reduced need to swap lenses, and enhanced portability by consolidating the functionality of multiple lenses into one. Due to trade-offs in the optical design, superzoom lenses are noted for having poorer optical quality at the extreme ends of their zoom ranges, often due to distortion. The longer focal lengths are usually accompanied by optical image stabilization in order to be usable handheld.
Setosphaeria rostrata
Setosphaeria rostrata is a heat tolerant fungus with an asexual reproductive form (anamorph) known as Exserohilum rostratum. This fungus is a common plant pathogen, causing leaf spots as well as crown rot and root rot in grasses. It is also found in soils and on textiles in subtropical and tropical regions. Exserohilum rostratum is one of the 35 Exserohilum species implicated uncommonly as opportunistic pathogens of humans where it is an etiologic agent of sinusitis, keratitis, skin lesions and an often fatal meningoencephalitis. Infections caused by this species are most often seen in regions with hot climates like Israel, India and the southern USA.

Leaf spot
A leaf spot is a limited, discoloured, diseased area of a leaf that is caused by fungal, bacterial or viral plant diseases, or by injuries from nematodes, insects, environmental factors, toxicity or herbicides. These discoloured spots or lesions often have a centre of necrosis (cell death). Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves.
Thomas Le Fanu (priest)
Thomas Philip Le Fanu (1784–1845) was an Irish Dean in the first half of the 19th century. He was the son of Joseph Le Fanu and Alicia Sheridan, and the father of Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu and William Richard Le Fanu. He married Emma Lucretia Dobbin.

He was Dean of Emly  and rector of Abington, Limerick from 1826 to 1845. Prior to this position, he was chaplain at the Royal Hibernian Military School in Phoenix Park, Dublin.

He died in Abington Glebe House on 20 June 1845. He was buried in the grounds of Abington Church.

William Richard Le Fanu
William Richard Le Fanu (24 February 1816 – 8 September 1894) was an Irish railway engineer and Commissioner of Public Works. Le Fanu was born at the Royal Hibernian Military School in Dublin into a literary family of Huguenot, Irish and English descent.
Samuel Cheetham (priest)
Samuel Cheetham , DD, FSA (3 March 1827 – 9 July 1908) was an eminent Anglican priest and author in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth.

Cheetham was born in Hambleton, Rutland and educated at Oakham School and Christ's College, Cambridge. He was an Assistant Tutor of his old college from 1853 until 1858; and then professor of Pastoral Theology at King's College London until 1882, during which time he was also Chaplain of Dulwich College. In 1879 he became Archdeacon of Southwark; and in 1882 of Rochester, a post he held until his death.

Oakham School
Oakham School is a public school (English fee-charging boarding and day school) in Oakham, Rutland, England.

The school was founded in 1584 by Archdeacon Robert Johnson, along with Uppingham School, a few miles away. They share a common badge design (and a strong rivalry), but while Uppingham's colours tend towards blue and white, Oakham's are black and red.

Under headmaster John Buchanan, in 1971 Oakham was the first boys' independent secondary school in Britain to accept both male and female pupils throughout the whole school and not just in the sixth form. In 1995, it was the first public school to go on-line.
Hanna Tetteh
Hanna Serwaa Tetteh (born 31 May 1967) is a Ghanaian barrister, diplomat and politician who has been serving as the UN Secretary General's Special Representative for Libya and as Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) since 2025.

Earlier in her career, Tetteh served in the cabinet of Ghana as Minister for Trade and Industry from 2009 to 2013 and Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2013 to 2017. She was also the Member of Parliament for the Awutu-Senya West constituency.

Awutu-Senya (Ghana parliament constituency)
Awutu-Senya is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Awutu-Senya is located in the Awutu/Effutu/Senya district of the Central Region of Ghana. Leading into the 2012 elections the constituency was divided into two Awutu-Senya East and Awutu-Senya West.
Chairman of the State Administration Council
The chairman of the State Administration Council (Burmese: နိုင်ငံတော်စီမံအုပ်ချုပ်ရေးကောင်စီဥက္ကဋ္ဌ) was the head of the State Administration Council, Myanmar's military junta from 2021 to 2025, established following the 2021 coup d'état. Min Aung Hlaing was the only holder of the office, and also served as the prime minister of the Provisional Government.

Military junta
A military junta (/ˈhʊntə, ˈdʒʌntə/ ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. The term is now used to refer to an authoritarian form of government characterized by a politically dominant group of military officers.
Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 1896–97
The Australian cricket team toured New Zealand in November 1896, playing five matches. They were returning from their 1896 tour of England.

It was Australia's fourth tour of New Zealand, after tours in 1877–78, 1880–81 and 1886–87. The Australians played four matches against provincial teams, three of which fielded 18 players (the other team, Otago, fielded 15). The final match of the tour was against a New Zealand 15. It was New Zealand's first international match, following the formation of the New Zealand Cricket Council in 1894. All previous Australian teams had played only against provincial sides.

The Australians defeated Southland, Otago and New Zealand, and drew against Auckland and Wellington. As none of the matches were 11-a-side they are not considered to have been first-class.

Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 1886–87
The Australian cricket team toured New Zealand in late November and early December 1886.

It was Australia's third tour of New Zealand, after tours in 1877-78 and 1880-81, and the shortest of the three. The Australians played five matches against provincial teams, four of which fielded 22 players (the other team, Canterbury, fielded 18) with the aim of providing more evenly-matched contests. As the matches were not 11-a-side they are not considered to have been first-class. The Australians won two of the matches and drew the other three.
2023–24 Presbyterian Blue Hose women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Presbyterian Blue Hose women's basketball team represented Presbyterian College during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Blue Hose, led by sixth-year head coach Alaura Sharp, played their home games at the Templeton Physical Education Center in Clinton, South Carolina as members of the Big South Conference.

The Blue Hose finished the season 21–15, 8–8 in Big South play, to finish in a three-way tie for fourth place. They defeated Charleston Southern, top-seeded High Point and Radford to win their first-ever Big South tournament championship, and, in turn, their first-ever NCAA tournament appearance. They received the #16 seed in the Albany Regional 1, where they defeated Sacred Heart in the First Four before falling to eventual undefeated national champions South Carolina in the first round.

2023–24 South Carolina Gamecocks women's basketball team
The 2023–24 South Carolina Gamecocks women's basketball team represented the University of South Carolina during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Gamecocks, led by sixteenth-year head coach Dawn Staley, played their home games at Colonial Life Arena and competed as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), winning both the regular  season and conference tournament championship.
Staley won her 600th game as head coach on February 22, 2024, in 786 games (534 at South Carolina).
The season saw the Gamecocks not only capture their third national title in the history of the school's women's basketball program, but also become the 10th Division I women's basketball team to finish the season undefeated.  The 2023-24 Gamecocks are considered to be one of the greatest teams in the history of the sport.
2017 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – Pool B
Pool B of the 2017 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Group III was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Group III of the 2017 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and bottom teams proceeding to their respective section of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group II.

2017 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2017 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III were the final stages of the Group III zonal competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the fifteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2017 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III. The top two teams advanced to Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II.
Manette Bridge
The Manette Bridge was a steel truss bridge that spanned the Port Washington Narrows in Bremerton, Washington, USA. It connected the community of Manette, Washington to downtown Bremerton. Although it is not part of a numbered state highway, it is one of four bridges specifically designated by state law to be maintained by the Washington Department of Transportation. The bridge was 82 feet (25 m) above the water, and had a horizontal clearance of 321 feet (98 m) between the piers.

The bridge was replaced in 2011, with the new bridge also bearing the name Manette Bridge.

Manette, Washington
Manette, Washington is a community in Kitsap County, Washington, United States.  It was established as a town on April 20, 1891, but was later made part of Bremerton, Washington.  Manette is located on Point Herron, commonly known as the Manette Peninsula, in the body of water known as Port Orchard, part of Puget Sound.
History of Milford Haven
The town of Milford Haven was founded in 1793 by Sir William Hamilton, who initially invited Quaker whalers from Nantucket to live in his town, and then, in 1797, the Navy Board to create a dockyard for building warships.

Milford Haven Waterway has a longer history as a staging point on sea journeys to Ireland, and was used as a shelter by Vikings.

Steynton
Steynton or Stainton is a parish in the county of Pembrokeshire, Wales, formerly in the hundred of Rhôs and now an area of Milford Haven and in the Community of Tiers Cross. The parish includes the hamlet of Dreenhill, near Haverfordwest. The parish population is about 3,000.
Mason Mathews
Mason Mathews (December 15, 1803 – September 16, 1878) was an American merchant and politician in the U.S. State of Virginia (present-day West Virginia). He served in the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Greenbrier County from 1859–1865 as a Whig. This period included the secession of Virginia and the resulting American Civil War of 1861–1865. Though Mathews opposed secession, he chose to support the Confederate States of America when Virginia seceded. Throughout the war, much of his efforts were directed toward the Confederate defense of western Virginia. When his home of Greenbrier County was taken into the new State of West Virginia in 1863, he continued to represent Greenbrier County in Virginia's Confederate legislature in Richmond until war's end.  He was a member of the Mathews political family.

Frankford, West Virginia
Frankford is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Frankford is located on U.S. Route 219, south of Falling Spring and north of Maxwelton. Frankford has a post office with ZIP code 24938.

Frankford is the home of Frankford Elementary School and the Frankford Volunteer Fire Department.
Abdi Beyg
Abdi Beyg (Persian: عبدي بيگ, also Romanized as ‘Abdī Beyg; also known as ‘Abdī Beyk) is a village in Sumay-ye Jonubi Rural District, Sumay-ye Beradust District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 121, in 23 families.

Sumay-ye Jonubi Rural District
Sumay-ye Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان صومائ جنوبي) is in Sumay-ye Beradust District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hashtian. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Hovarsin.
Passengers of the Titanic
A total of 2,208 people sailed on the maiden voyage of the RMS Titanic, the second of the White Star Line's Olympic-class ocean liners, from Southampton, England, to New York City. Partway through the voyage, the ship struck an iceberg and sank in the early morning of 15 April 1912, resulting in the deaths of 1,501 passengers and crew.

The ship's passengers were separated into three separate classes determined by the price of their ticket: those travelling in first class—most of them the wealthiest passengers on board—including prominent members of the upper class, businessmen, politicians, high-ranking military personnel, industrialists, bankers, entertainers, socialites, and professional athletes. Second-class passengers were predominantly middle-class travelers and included professors, authors, clergymen, and tourists. Third-class or steerage passengers were primarily immigrants moving to the United States and Canada.

Isidor and Ida Straus
Isidor Straus (February 6, 1845 – April 15, 1912) and Rosalie Ida Straus (née Blün; February 6, 1849 – April 15, 1912) were an American couple who died in the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. Isidor was a German-Jewish businessman, politician, U.S. congressman and co-owner of Macy's department store with his brother Nathan. He also served for just over a year as a member of the United States House of Representatives, representing the state of  New York. He died with his wife, Ida, in the sinking of the Titanic.
Sochi railway station
Sochi railway station (Russian: Сочи) is the largest of the four railway stations in Sochi, Russia, and one of the largest railway stations in Krasnodar Krai. It is part of North Caucasus Railway and located in the Tsentralny city district of Sochi.

It was renovated for the 2014 Winter Olympics, alongside Sochi's three other railway stations: Dagomys, Matsesta and Khosta.

Khosta railway station
Khosta railway station (Russian: Станция Хоста) is a railway station of the North Caucasus Railway, a subsidiary of Russian Railways, located in Khosta, Khostinsky City District of Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia.

The station was built between 1961 and 1963 and sits on the Sochi–Adler section of the Tuapse–Sukhum railway. The station has three tracks, all of which can serve electric locomotives. There are three platforms connected by a pedestrian subway tunnel. In 2012 the station was renovated and now has carriage-level platforms and mobility access.

The station is situated next to the beach and partially under the coastal highway.