hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Ukrainian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 31 March 2019. As none of the 39 candidates on the ballot received an absolute majority of the initial vote, a runoff was held on 21 April between the top two vote-getters: Volodymyr Zelenskyy, a television personality, and Petro Poroshenko, the incumbent president. The Central Election Commission (CEC) announced that Zelenskyy won the second round with 73.22% of the total vote (or 74.96% of the valid vote). The elections were recognized as free and fair by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

Poroshenko became the third incumbent Ukrainian president to directly lose reelection, after Viktor Yushchenko in 2010 and Leonid Kravchuk in 1994 (only Leonid Kuchma has ever won reelection, in 1999). Zelenskyy was sworn in as the sixth President of Ukraine in May 2019.

1994 Ukrainian presidential election
Early presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 26 June 1994, with a second round on 10 July. They were held ahead of schedule following a compromise between President Leonid Kravchuk and the Verkhovna Rada, the Ukrainian parliament. The elections saw Kravchuk defeated by his former Prime Minister Leonid Kuchma. They were the first presidential elections in the Commonwealth of Independent States in which the incumbent was defeated.

Kuchma took office on 19 July, marking the first peaceful transfer of power in Ukraine since the fall of Communism.
Île de la Harpe
The Île de la Harpe is an island in Lake Geneva, located on the territory of the municipality of Rolle, in the canton of Vaud. It is an artificial island built in 1837. The island was named after the political leader Frédéric-César de La Harpe, after his death in 1838. An obelisk was built on the island in honour of de la Harpe. Since 1875, the island is property of the commune of Rolle. It was classified as a historical monument in 1968.

The island has a length of 130 metres and a width of about 40 metres. The distance from the shore is 70 metres.

Lake Geneva
Lake Geneva is a deep lake on the north side of the Alps, shared between Switzerland and France. It is one of the largest lakes in Western Europe and the largest on the course of the Rhône. Sixty percent (345.31 km2 or 133.32 sq mi) of the lake belongs to Switzerland (the cantons of Vaud, Geneva and Valais) and forty percent (234.71 km2 or 90.62 sq mi) to France (the department of Haute-Savoie).
Proximity problems
Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects.

A subset of these problems stated in terms of points only are sometimes referred to as closest point problems, although the term "closest point problem" is also used synonymously to the nearest neighbor search.

A common trait for many of these problems is the possibility to establish the Θ(n log n) lower bound on their computational complexity by reduction from the element uniqueness problem basing on an observation that if there is an efficient algorithm to compute some kind of minimal distance for a set of objects, it is trivial to check whether this distance equals to 0.

Minimum bounding box
In geometry, the minimum bounding box or smallest bounding box (also known as the minimum enclosing box or smallest enclosing box) for a point set S in N dimensions is the box with the smallest measure (area, volume, or hypervolume in higher dimensions) within which all the points lie. When other kinds of measure are used, the minimum box is usually called accordingly, e.g., "minimum-perimeter bounding box".

The minimum bounding box of a point set is the same as the minimum bounding box of its convex hull, a fact which may be used heuristically to speed up computation.

In the two-dimensional case it is called the minimum bounding rectangle.
1980 Australian Rally Championship
The 1980 Australian Rally Championship was a series of five rallying events held across Australia. It was the 13th season in the history of the competition.

George Fury and navigator Monty Suffern in the Datsun Stanza won the 1980 Championship.

Australian Rally Championship
The Australian Rally Championship, also commonly known as the ARC, is Australia's premier gravel rally competition. A multi-event national championship has been held each year since 1968, excepting 2020.
John Bidwell
John Bidwell (August 5, 1819 – April 4, 1900), known in Spanish as Don Juan Bidwell, was an American pioneer, politician, and soldier. Bidwell is known as the founder of the city of Chico, California. He served in the California Senate and then in the U.S. House of Representatives.

Bancroft Library
The Bancroft Library is the main special collections library of the University of California, Berkeley. The original collection, acquired in 1905 from its founder Hubert Howe Bancroft, is the largest collection of materials on Californian history and Western North America in the world.
Fiber Bragg grating
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fiber that reflects particular wavelengths of light and transmits all others. This is achieved by creating a periodic variation in the refractive index of the fiber core, which generates a wavelength-specific dielectric mirror. Hence a fiber Bragg grating can be used as an inline optical filter to block certain wavelengths, can be used for sensing applications, or it can be used as wavelength-specific reflector.

Apodization
In signal processing, apodization (from Greek "removing the foot") is the modification of the shape of a mathematical function. The function may represent an electrical signal, an optical transmission, or a mechanical structure. In optics, it is primarily used to remove Airy disks caused by diffraction around an intensity peak, improving the focus.
Nørresundby railway station
Nørresundby railway station is a former railway station serving the town of Nørresundby in North Jutland, Denmark. It was located on the Vendsyssel Line between Aalborg and Frederikshavn via Hjørring, and until 1968 on the Fjerritslev–Frederikshavn railway line.

The station's still existing station building from 1907 was built to designs by the Danish architect Heinrich Wenck.

Rail transport in Denmark
The rail transport system in Denmark consists of 2,633 km (1,636 mi) of railway lines, of which the Copenhagen S-train network, the main line Helsingør-Copenhagen-Padborg (at the German border), and the Lunderskov-Esbjerg line are electrified. Most traffic is passenger trains, although there is considerable transit goods traffic between Sweden and Germany.

Maintenance work on most Danish railway lines is done by Banedanmark, a state-owned company that also allocates tracks for train operators. The majority of passenger trains are operated by DSB, with Arriva and Nordjyske Jernbaner and Midtjyske Jernbaner operating on some lines in Jutland. Goods transport is mainly performed by DB Schenker Rail, although other operators take care of a significant portion of the non-transit traffic.

Denmark is a member of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The UIC Country Code for Denmark is 86.
We Invest in Nationhood
We Invest in Nationhood (WIN) is a political party in Guyana. Founded and led by businessman Azruddin Mohamed, the party contested the 2025 Guyanese general election, winning 16 seats and replacing A Partnership for National Unity as the country's main opposition party, breaking a nearly 70 year-long streak of either the APNU-led People's National Congress Reform or the People's Progressive Party/Civic forming government or the official opposition.

People's National Congress Reform
The People's National Congress Reform (PNCR) is a social democratic political party in Guyana led by Aubrey Norton. The party currently holds 12 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly. In Guyana's ethnically divided political landscape, the PNCR's support primarily comes from the Afro-Guyanese community.

It is the main component of the A Partnership for National Unity (APNU) coalition with the Alliance for Change (AFC).
Papsaare
Papsaare is a village in Pärnu municipality, Pärnu County, in southwestern Estonia. It is located just northwest of the city of Pärnu and east of Audru. The centre of Pärnu is 5 km away. Papsaare has a population of 889 (as of 1 January 2011). Prior to the 2017 administrative reform of local governments, it was located in Audru Parish.

Motor racing circuit Audru Ring is located on the Pärnu side of the village, beside the Sauga River.

Audru
Audru (German: Audern) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Pärnu municipality, Pärnu County, southwestern Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, Audru was the administrative centre of Audru Parish. At the 2011 Census, the settlement's population was 1,492.
Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.

Pluricentric language
A pluricentric language or polycentric language is a language with several codified standard forms, often corresponding to different countries. Many examples of such languages can be found worldwide among the most-spoken languages, including but not limited to Chinese in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Singapore; English in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India, Singapore, and elsewhere; and French in France, Canada, many African countries, and elsewhere.

The converse case is a monocentric language, which has only one formally standardized version. Examples include Japanese and Russian.
In some cases, the different standards of a pluricentric language may be elaborated to appear as separate languages, e.g. Malaysian and Indonesian, Hindi and Urdu, while Serbo-Croatian is in an earlier stage of that process.
Changnyeong-eup
Changnyeong-eup (창녕읍, 昌寧邑) is a town (eup) in the administrative county of Changnyeong, South Gyeongsang Province, in South Korea.

The town is Changnyeong county's administrative, business, and traffic center where most of the farm produce is bought and sold. It is nearly in the center of the county and is accessible via the Seoul-Busan expressway and national roads 5 and 24.

Changnyeong Town contains many national treasures and is situated in the middle of Changnyeong county's three major tourist attractions, Upo wetland, Bugok natural hotsprings, and Hwawang mountain.

Upo Wetland
Upo Wetland (Korean: 우포늪) is a complex of natural wetlands located in Changnyeong County, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It is located in portions of Yueo-myeon, Ibang-myeon and Daehap-myeon, near the Nakdong River. It derives its name from the largest of the wetlands, Upo. Other wetlands in the complex include Mokpo, Sajipo and Jjokjibeol wetlands. The complex as a whole covers 2.13 km2, and is the largest inland wetland in South Korea today. It is one of eight Ramsar wetlands in the country and one of the official visiting sites for the 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties that was held in Changwon, Korea in October, 2008.
Andy Harris (mountain guide)
Andrew Michael Harris NZBS (29 September 1964 – 11 May 1996), known as Andy Harris, was a New Zealand mountain guide who died in the 1996 Mount Everest disaster. Harris was one of the guides for the Adventure Consultants' 1996 Everest expedition, led by Rob Hall. It was Harris' first attempt to summit Mount Everest, though he had extensive climbing experience in New Zealand.

Yasuko Namba
Yasuko Namba (難波 康子, Nanba Yasuko; February 7, 1949 – May 11, 1996) was the second Japanese woman (after Junko Tabei) to climb the Seven Summits. Namba worked as a businesswoman for FedEx in Japan, but her hobby of mountaineering took her all over the world. She first summited Kilimanjaro on New Year's Day in 1982, and summited Aconcagua exactly two years later.  She reached the summit of Denali on July 1, 1985, and the summit of Mount Elbrus on August 1, 1992. After summiting Vinson Massif on December 29, 1993, and Carstensz Pyramid on November 12, 1994, Namba's final summit to reach was Mount Everest. She signed on with Rob Hall's guiding company, Adventure Consultants, and reached the summit in May 1996, but died during her descent in the 1996 Mount Everest disaster.
Bearcat Wright
Edward M. Wright (January 13, 1932 – August 28, 1982) better known by his ring name "Bearcat" Wright was an American professional wrestler who became popular in the late 1950s and 1960s. Despite racial tension in the United States, he became wildly popular as a babyface. Wrestling in either singles competition or in tag team competition (often matched with Bobo Brazil), thousands of fans would pack arenas to see him. He was the son of boxer Ed "Bearcat" Wright, and had an 8–0 record as a professional boxer himself in the early 1950s, boxing as "Bearcat Wright Jr."

WWA World Heavyweight Championship (Los Angeles)
The WWA World Heavyweight Championship, was a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship in the Los Angeles, California-based Worldwide Wrestling Associates (WWA). The title was established as an offshoot of the NWA World Heavyweight Championship when Édouard Carpentier became recognized as world champion in Los Angeles, when the promotion was then known as the North American Wrestling Alliance. The championship was renamed with the promotion in 1961, and was abandoned in 1968 after WWA joined the NWA and was renamed NWA Hollywood Wrestling.

There were multiple world titles contested in Indianapolis' World Wrestling Association, the World Wrestling Association in Mexico  and in the World Wrestling Association of Korea, which are all omonime promotions of the original WWA and which all consider themselves to be the true WWA or its true heir.
Hillside Avenue buses
The Q1, Q36, Q43 and Q82 bus routes constitute a public transit line in Queens, New York City. The routes run primarily along Hillside Avenue from the Jamaica, Queens commercial and transportation hub towards several eastern Queens neighborhoods on the city border with Nassau County. Originally operated by the North Shore Bus Company until 1947, all four routes are now operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit brand.

Parsons Boulevard station
The Parsons Boulevard station is an express station on the IND Queens Boulevard Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Parsons Boulevard and Hillside Avenue at the border between the Briarwood, Jamaica Hills neighborhoods as well as the central section of Jamaica in Queens, it is served by the F train at all times, the <F> train during rush hours in the reverse peak direction, and a few rush-hour E trains.

This station opened on April 24, 1937 as part of an extension of the Independent Subway System's Queens Boulevard Line, and served as a terminal for F trains until the line was extended to 179th Street in 1950. Ridership at this station decreased sharply after the opening of the Archer Avenue lines in 1988.
Bijapur North Lok Sabha constituency
Bijapur North Lok Sabha constituency was a former Lok Sabha constituency in Karnataka (Bombay State from 1952 to 1956).  This seat came into existence in 1951. Before 1967 Lok Sabha Elections, it ceased to exist.

Bijapur district, Karnataka
Bijapur district, officially known as Vijayapura district, is a district in the state of Karnataka in India. The city of Bijapur is the headquarters of the district, and is located 530 km northwest of Bengaluru. Bijapur is well known for the great monuments of historical importance built during the Adil Shahi dynasty.
D119 road
D119 is the main state road on the island of Lastovo in Croatia, connecting the towns of Ubli and Lastovo to a ferry port in Lastovo, from where Jadrolinija ferries fly to the mainland, docking in Split and the D410 state road. The road is 9.5 km (5.9 mi) long.

The road, as well as all other state roads in Croatia, is managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, a state-owned company.

Uble
Uble, also referred to as Ubli, is a small coastal village in southern Croatia. It is located on the island of Lastovo in Dubrovnik-Neretva County.

The single nave Christian basilica built between 5th-6th century was dedicated to St. Peter. It represented the urban centre of the continuously growing and prospering ancient settlement near the natural port in Ubli on the Island of Lastovo. After archaeological research work, the basilica was conserved and classified as a monument of the highest category.
Jand, Attock
Jand is located in the south-western part of Attock District  in the Punjab province of Pakistan, 100 km from Islamabad. It lies on the border of Punjab with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Indus river is about 5 km from Jand city. It is surrounded by Pari, Dundi Jiswaal, Marri, Jalwaal, Saghri and Kundrala.

The town is the headquarters of Jand Tehsil, the administrative subdivision, of the district. It lies to the south of the district capital Attock.

Jand is located on the eastern (left) bank of the Indus River and is known for its fertile agricultural land with more than 70,000 population.

Attock
Attock (Punjabi, Urdu: اٹک), formerly known as Campbellpur (Punjabi, Urdu: کیمبل پور), is a city in Punjab, Pakistan, not far from the national capital Islamabad. The headquarters of the Attock District, it is the 36th largest city in the Punjab and the 61st largest city in the country, by population. The city was founded in 1908 several miles southeast of the historical city of Attock Khurd, which had been established by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in the 16th century, and was initially named in honour of Sir Colin Campbell.
Maxayn Lewis
Maxayn Lewis is an American soul singer, musician, songwriter, and producer. She began her career in the 1960s, under her birth name Paulette Parker, as member of the Ikettes in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue. In the 1970s, Lewis sang lead in the band Maxayn with her then-husband Andre Lewis. She was described as "a cross between Aretha Franklin and Roberta Flack." The group eventually morphed to Mandré.

Lewis is also a prolific backing vocalist. She has sung with various acts, including The Gap Band, Donna Summer, Ray Charles, Celine Dion, Johnny "Guitar" Watson, Bonnie Raitt, Simple Minds, Duran Duran, Smokey Robinson, Ricky Martin, and Britney Spears.

Duke Records
Duke Records was an American record label, started in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1952 by David James Mattis (WDIA program director and DJ) and Bill Fitzgerald, owners of Tri-State Recording Company. Their first release was Roscoe Gordon singing "Hey Fat Girl", issued on Duke R-1, later amended to R-101.
All Saints Episcopal Church (Appleton, Wisconsin)
All Saints Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal church in Appleton, Wisconsin. A parish in the Diocese of Fond du Lac, it is the only Episcopal church in Appleton. The congregation first met circa 1854 and organized in 1856. The current church building was consecrated in 1905.

Lawrence University
Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1847, its first classes were held on November 12, 1849. Lawrence was the second college in the U.S. to be founded as a coeducational institution.
History of hurling
Hurling has a long, but often unclear history, stretching back over three millennia.  References to stick-and-ball games are found in Irish mythology.  The game is thought to be related to the games of shinty that is played primarily in Scotland, cammag on the Isle of Man and bandy that was played formerly in England and Wales. There is evidence that in ancient times a similar game called Knattleikr was also played in Iceland, with the Icelandic sagas, "suggesting that it was something that was brought from the Gælic area to Iceland".

Landlord
A landlord is the owner of property such as a farm, house, apartment, condominium, land, or real estate that is rented or leased to an individual or business, known as a tenant (also called a lessee or renter). The term landlord applies when a juristic person occupies this position. Alternative terms include lessor and owner. For female property owners, the term landlady may be used. In the United Kingdom, the manager of a pub, officially a licensed victualler, is also referred to as the landlord/landlady. In political economy, landlord specifically refers to someone who owns natural resources (such as land, excluding buildings) from which they derive economic rent, a form of passive income.
Peopling of China
In the course of the peopling of the World by Homo sapiens, East Asia was reached about 50,000 years ago (50 kya). The "recent African origin" lineage from 70 kya diverged into identifiable East Eurasian and West Eurasian lineages by about 50 kya. The East Eurasian ancestors of East Asians used a southern route to reach South and Southeast Asia, along which they rapidly diverged into the ancestors of Ancient Ancestral South Indians (AASI), Papuans, East Asians and Andamanese peoples (such as the Onge). This early East Asian lineage diverged further during the Last Glacial Maximum, spreading northwards from Mainland Southeast Asia where it significantly contributed to the peopling of the Americas via Beringia about 25 kya. After the last ice age, China was cut off from neighboring island groups. The phenotypes of early East Asians were either replaced or prevailed among more geographically distant groups.

Hoabinhian
The Hoabinhian is a lithic techno-complex of archaeological sites associated with assemblages in Southeast Asia from the late Pleistocene to the Holocene, dated to c. 10,000–2000 BCE. It is attributed to hunter-gatherer societies of the region whose technological variability over time is poorly understood. In 2016, a rock shelter was identified in Yunnan, China, 40 km from the border with Myanmar, where artifacts belonging to the Hoabinhian technocomplex were recognized, dating from 41,500 BCE.

The Bacsonian is often regarded as a variation of the Hoabinhian industry, characterized by a higher frequency of edge-grounded cobble artifacts compared to earlier Hoabinhian artifacts, dated to c. 8000–4000 BCE.