hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minot Symphony Orchestra
The Minot Symphony Orchestra (MSO) is a program of Minot State University in Minot, North Dakota. Although a separate agency, the university's music department oversees the handling of the orchestra. Maestro Efrain Amaya, a professor of music at Minot State University, is the orchestra's conductor and has held the position since 2015.

The Minot Symphony Association supports the orchestra. The Minot Area Council of the Arts (MACA), a local non-profit agency that supports the arts, provides advertising, scheduling assistance, and other assistance to the orchestra. Minot is considered to be the smallest city in the United States that supports a full-sized symphony orchestra.

Minot, North Dakota
Minot (/ˈmaɪnɒt/ ⓘ MY-not) is a city in and the county seat of Ward County, North Dakota, United States. With a population of 48,377 at the 2020 census, Minot is the state's fourth-most populous city. The Minot metropolitan area in north-central North Dakota covers McHenry, Renville, and Ward counties and had a combined population of 77,546 at the 2020 census.

Minot was founded in 1886 during the construction of James J. Hill's Great Northern Railway. Minot is also known as "Magic City", commemorating its remarkable growth in size over a short time. It is a trading center for a large part of northern North Dakota, southwestern Manitoba, and southeastern Saskatchewan. It is most widely known for the Minot Air Force Base, approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of the city.
Hornstull metro station
Hornstull (lit. 'Horn Gate') is a station on the Red line of the Stockholm Metro, located in the district of Södermalm. The station was opened on 5 April 1964 as part of the first section of the Red line, between T-Centralen and Fruängen.

T-Centralen metro station
T-Centralen is the largest and busiest station on the Stockholm Metro. It is located directly adjacent to Stockholm Central Station and Stockholm City commuter train station, in the Norrmalm district of central Stockholm. T-Centralen is also the name of the terminus for the Spårväg City tram line.

T-Centralen is the only station in Stockholm Metro where all three metro lines converge. In 2018, approximately 340,000 passengers used the metro station daily, with 174,550 boarding and 166,850 descending.

The station is located between Sergels torg and Vasagatan. A pedestrian underpass connects T-Centralen to the nearby Central Station running underneath Vasagatan. It is also linked to the Cityterminalen long-distance bus terminal.
Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research
Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (VLT-SPHERE) is an adaptive optics system and coronagraphic facility at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). It provides direct imaging as well as spectroscopic and polarimetric characterization of exoplanet systems. The instrument operates in the visible and near infrared, achieving exquisite image quality and contrast over a small field of view around bright targets.

Results from SPHERE complement those from other planet finder projects, which include HARPS, CoRoT, and the Kepler Mission. The instrument was installed on Unit Telescope "Melipal" (UT3) and achieved first light in May, 2014. At the time of installation, it was the latest of a series of second generation VLT-instruments such as X-shooter, KMOS and MUSE.

First light (astronomy)
In astronomy, first light is the first practical use of a new instrument, typically a telescope to take an astronomical image after it has been constructed. This is often not the first viewing using the telescope because optical tests have likely been performed to adjust the components.
Wan Chai Cargo Handling Basin
The Wan Chai Cargo Handling Basin (Chinese: 灣仔北貨物裝卸區) is situated in Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong.  A prime site along Victoria Harbour, it is adjacent to the Wan Chai Sports Ground and located between the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre and the Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club. The site has been earmarked under the Central and Wan Chai Reclamation project for the construction of a highway linking Central with Causeway Bay, aimed at easing traffic congestion along the northern coast of Hong Kong Island.

As its name implies, the basin was formerly used as a public cargo handling area. Mid-stream operators transferred goods from ocean-going ships onto barges. They then sailed to the Wan Chai Cargo Handling Basin, where they transferred the goods onto trucks. The breakwater of the basin is currently used as a helipad by the Government Flying Service to replace the Central Helipad at Fenwick Street.

Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre
The Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre (HKCEC) is one of the two major convention and exhibition venues in Hong Kong, along with AsiaWorld–Expo. It is located in Wan Chai North, Hong Kong Island. Built along the Victoria Harbour, it is linked by covered walkways to nearby hotels and commercial buildings. The venue was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP, in association with Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd. Larry Oltmanns led the design as the Design Partner with SOM.
Fred Goldsmith (baseball)
Fredrick Ernest Goldsmith (May 15, 1856 – March 28, 1939) was an American right-handed pitcher in 19th-century professional baseball in both the U.S. and Canada. In his prime, Goldsmith was six-foot-one-inch tall and weighed 195 pounds.

Nick Altrock
Nicholas Altrock (September 15, 1876 – January 20, 1965) was an American professional baseball player and coach. He played in the major leagues as a left-handed pitcher between 1898 and 1919. After the 1919 season he continued to make periodic appearances as a pinch hitter for many years, until his final game at the age of 57. As a player, Altrock was a member of two World Series winning teams and then won a third World Series as a coach. He was a coach for the Washington Senators for many years.
Otiorhynchus singularis
Otiorhynchus singularis, the clay-coloured weevil, is a species of weevil native to Europe. It attacks a range of trees and shrubs but the main hosts are currants, gooseberry, raspberry, hops, fir trees and Norway spruce.

Picea abies
Picea abies, the Norway spruce or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the longest cones of any spruce, 9–17 cm long. It is very closely related to the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata), which replaces it east of the Ural Mountains, and with which it hybridises freely. The Norway spruce has a wide distribution, being planted for its wood, and is the species used as a Christmas tree in several countries around the world. It was the first gymnosperm to have its genome sequenced. The Latin specific epithet abies means "like 
Abies, Fir tree".
Rong, Norway
Rong is a village in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village takes up most of the island of Rongøyna. The main road in the village is Norwegian county road 561 which runs north-south and connects the island to Toftøyna island to the south via the Rongesundet Bridge (over the Rongesundet strait) and to the island of Blomøyna to the north.

The local sports team is IL Skjergard. There is a scallops hatchery located at Rong. The village is the site of two municipal schools: Rong School (grades 1-7) and Øygarden School (grades 8-10).

Toftøyna
Toftøyna is an island in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 7.5-square-kilometre (2.9 sq mi) island is connected by bridge to the island of Rongøyna (to the north), to the small island of Turøyna (to the southwest), and to the island of Misje (to the south). Toftøyna is connected to the mainland by a series of bridges by heading south via Misje island.

There are 2 main settlements on the rocky island: Vikavågen on the southeastern shore and Torsteinsvik on the northwestern shore. The main road on the island is Norwegian County Road 561 which runs between the two villages, connecting it to the surrounding islands. There are about 1,328 residents living on the island (as of 2019). The Hjeltefjorden flows along the eastern shore of the island and the North Sea lies to the west. There are two small straits to the north and south of the island, separating it from the neighboring islands of Rongøyna and Misje.
Rodney County, Queensland
Rodney County is one of the 318 counties of Queensland, Australia.  The county is divided into civil  parishes.

The county came into existence in the 19th century, and on 8 March 1901, the Governor of Queensland issued a proclamation legally dividing Queensland into counties under the Land Act 1897.
Like all counties in Queensland, it is a non-functional administrative unit, that is used mainly for the purpose of registering land titles. From 30 November 2015, the government no longer referenced counties and parishes in land information systems however the Museum of Lands, Mapping and Surveying retains a record for historical purposes.

The main towns in the county are Barcaldine and Aramac and the entire county is incorporated.

Lands administrative divisions of Queensland
Lands administrative divisions of Queensland refers to the divisions of Queensland used for the registration of land titles. There are 322 counties, and 5,319 parishes within the state. They are part of the Lands administrative divisions of Australia. Queensland had been divided into 109 counties in the nineteenth century, before the Land Act of 1897 subdivided many of these counties to 319. Some of the eastern counties remained the same, with most of the subdivisions occurring in the west and north. The current counties were named and bounded by the Governor in Council on 7 March 1901.

In 2006, the government sought advice about a plan to abolish the counties and parishes within the state. From 30 November 2015, the government no longer referenced counties and parishes in land information systems however the Museum of Lands, Mapping and Surveying retains a record for historical purposes.
Aeropark
Aeropark is an open-air aviation museum next to Ferenc Liszt International Airport, Budapest, Hungary. It is dedicated to the history of Hungarian civil aviation, featuring several types used by the now-defunct national airline Malév.

Aeropark also has a flight simulator for visitors and a gift shop with plane models and various Malév-memorabilia. Most of the planes of Aeropark are accessible for visitors with wheelchairs. Aeropark is a regular participant in the annual event Long Night of Museums.

Ilyushin Il-18
The Ilyushin Il-18 (Russian: Илью́шин Ил-18; NATO reporting name: Coot) is a large turboprop airliner that first flew in 1957 and became one of the best known Soviet aircraft of its era. The Il-18 was one of the Soviet Union's principal airliners for several decades and was widely exported. Due to the aircraft's durability, many examples achieved over 45,000 flight hours and the type remains operational in both military and to a lesser extent in civilian capacities. The Il-18's successor was the longer-range Ilyushin Il-62.
Félix Sesúmaga
Félix Sesúmaga Ugarte (12 October 1898 – 24 August 1925) was a Spanish (Basque) footballer who played as a forward for Arenas Club de Getxo, FC Barcelona, Racing de Sama de Langreo, Athletic Bilbao and Spain.

Sesúmaga won the Copa del Rey three times with three different clubs  and also played in two back-to-back finals for two different clubs. In 1920 Sesúmaga was a member of the first Selección that played at the Olympic Games in Antwerp.

Sesúmaga’s playing career was shortened by tuberculosis, to which he succumbed on August 24, 1925, at only 26 years old.

1923 Copa del Rey final
The 1923 Copa del Rey final was the 23rd final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Les Corts, in Barcelona, on 13 May 1923. Athletic Bilbao beat Europa 1–0 and won their ninth title. The lonely goal was scored by Travieso.
East Midlands Rugby Football Union
The East Midlands Rugby Football Union (EMRFU) is a governing body for rugby union in part of The Midlands, England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union for the counties of Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire and the Huntingdonshire and Peterborough districts of Cambridgeshire and administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in those areas.  It also administers the East Midlands county rugby representative teams.

Rugby Football Union
The Rugby Football Union (RFU) is the national governing body for rugby union in England. It was founded in 1871, and was the sport's international governing body prior to the formation of what is now known as World Rugby (WR) in 1886. It promotes and runs the sport, organises international matches for the England national team, and educates and trains players and officials.

The RFU is an industrial and provident society owned by over 2,000 member clubs, representing over 2.5 million registered players, and forms the largest rugby union society in the world, and one of the largest sports organisations in England. It is based at Twickenham Stadium, London.

In September 2010 the equivalent women's rugby body, the Rugby Football Union for Women (RFUW), was able to nominate a member to the RFU Council to represent women's and girls' rugby. The RFUW was integrated into the RFU in July 2012.
Ancistrus martini
Ancistrus martini is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Zulia River basin, which is part of the Catatumbo River drainage, which itself is part of the Lake Maracaibo drainage system in Venezuela. The species reaches 8.9 cm (3.5 inches) SL.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Kuklen Point
Kuklen Point (Bulgarian: нос Куклен, ‘Nos Kuklen’ \'nos 'kuk-len\) is a point forming the east side of the entrance to Skravena Cove on the coast of Hero Bay, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands.  It is situated 2.13 km southeast of Avitohol Point, 5.6 km west of Lukovit Point and 2.4 km west of Atanasova Point.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  Named after the town of Kuklen in southern Bulgaria.

62°34′23″S 60°34′34″W﻿ / ﻿62.57306°S 60.57611°W﻿ / -62.57306; -60.57611

Avitohol Point
Avitohol Point (Bulgarian: нос Авитохол, romanized: nos Avitohol, IPA: [ˈnɔs ɐvitoˈxɔɫ]) is a point on the north coast of Livingston Island, Antarctica projecting 1.15 km (0.71 mi) into Hero Bay to form the west side of the entrance to Skravena Cove and the southeast side of the entrance to Prisoe Cove. It is surmounted by Fletcher Nunatak and Belev Nunatak. The point is named after the legendary Khan Avitohol listed in the 8th Century Nominalia of the Bulgarian Khans, who laid the foundations of the Bulgarian statehood in Europe in 165 AD.
Sunkoshi Rural Municipality, Okhaldhunga
Sunkoshi Rural Municipality (Nepali: सुनकोशी गाउँपालिका)  in Okhaldhunga District was formed in March 2017, by merging 5 former VDCs of Katunje, Chyanam, Mulkharka, Sisneri and Balakhu. The center of this rural municipality is located at Mulkharka.

Chyanam
Chyanam is a village development committee in Okhaldhunga District in the Sagarmatha Zone of mid-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3000 living in 585 individual households.
Lan Lixin
Lan Lixin (Chinese: 兰丽新; born 14 February 1979) is a female Chinese middle-distance runner.

On 18 October 1997 in Shanghai she ran the 1500 metres in 3:53.97 minutes. This ranks her eighth in the world of all time, behind Qu Yunxia, Jiang Bo, Lang Yinglai, Wang Junxia, Tatyana Kazankina, Yin Lili and Paula Ivan.

At the 1998 World Junior Championships she won the 1500 metres.

Lang Yinglai
Lang Yinglai (born 22 August 1979) is a female Chinese former middle-distance runner.

On 18 October 1997 at the 1997 National Games of China in Shanghai she ran the 1500 metres in 3:51.34 minutes, taking the silver medal behind Jiang Bo. This time ranks her as the fourth fastest in the world of all time, only behind Genzebe Dibaba, Qu Yunxia and Jiang. This is also the world record for junior athletes. Four days later she won the 800 metres title at the National Games in 1:57.62. She took an 800 m and 1500 m double at the 1997 Asian Junior Athletics Championships.

Lang never had a distinguished career after this, rarely competing internationally.
Sterilization (microbiology)
Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. Sterilization can be achieved through various means, including heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration. Sterilization is distinct from disinfection, sanitization, and pasteurization, in that those methods reduce rather than eliminate all forms of life and biological agents present. After sterilization, fluid or an object is referred to as being sterile or aseptic.

Vaporized hydrogen peroxide
Vaporized hydrogen peroxide (trademarked VHP, also known as hydrogen peroxide vapor, HPV) is a vapor form of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with applications as a low-temperature antimicrobial vapor used to decontaminate enclosed and sealed areas such as laboratory workstations, isolation and pass-through rooms, and even aircraft interiors.
Narrows
A narrows or narrow (used interchangeably but usually in the plural form), is a restricted land or water passage. Most commonly a narrows is a strait, though it can also be a water gap.

A narrows may form where a stream passes through a tilted bed of hard rock lying between two softer beds: "[i]f the hard beds are vertical, so that their outcrop does not shift as erosion proceeds, a narrows is developed". Like a dam, this "raises the water level for a short distance upriver". A narrows is also typically a good location for trapping migrating fish. Furthermore, a narrows is "an important topographical feature for wind mixing", an effect where a wind chill may form ice while the surrounding temperature remains above freezing.

Strait
A strait is a water body connecting two seas or water basins. The surface water is, for the most part, at the same elevation on both sides and can flow through the strait in either direction, although the topography generally constricts the flow somewhat. In some straits, there is a dominant directional current. Most commonly, the strait is a narrow channel that lies between two land masses. Straits are loci for sediment accumulation, with sand-sized deposits usually occurring on the two strait exits, forming subaqueous fans or deltas. Some straits are not navigable because they are too narrow, too shallow, or due to the presence of a reef or archipelago.
Miss Grand Sri Lanka 2018
Miss Grand Sri Lanka 2018 was the second edition of the Miss Grand Sri Lanka pageant, held on 16 September 2018, at Water's Edge Hotel, Colombo, where a 23-year-old accounting and business management student from University of Kelaniya, Pawani Vithanage, was announced the winner, while Harini Silva and Tasla Senadeera were named the first and second runners-up, respectively. Pawani later represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2018 held in Myanmar on 25 October 2018, and she was placed among the top twenty finalists.

The contest featured fourteen candidates who qualified for the national pageant via an audition held earlier in mid-year. and was organised in parallel with a male pageant, Mister International Sri Lanka 2018. No live-transmitted was performed, but the grand final round of the contest was later aired to an audience nationwide on 4 November 2018, via a Sri Lankan state-governed television channel, Independent Television Network (ITN).

Miss Grand Sri Lanka
Miss Grand Sri Lanka is a national beauty pageant in Sri Lanka, founded in 2016 by Colombo-based designer Brian Kerkoven, aiming to select the country's representative to compete in its parent contest Miss Grand International. The competition was held twice; in 2016 and 2018, after that the Sri Lankan candidates to Miss Grand International were appointed instead.

Since their first participation at Miss Grand International in 2013, Sri Lanka representatives have never won the contest but got placements four times including being the top 10 finalists in 2013 and 2015, and the top 20 finalists in 2014 and 2018.
Glossary of functional analysis
This is a glossary for the terminology in a mathematical field of functional analysis.

Throughout the article, unless stated otherwise, the base field of a vector space is the field of real numbers or that of complex numbers. Algebras are not assumed to be unital.

See also: List of Banach spaces, glossary of real and complex analysis.

Hilbert–Schmidt operator
In mathematics, a Hilbert–Schmidt operator, named after David Hilbert and Erhard Schmidt, is a bounded operator  that acts on a Hilbert space  and has finite Hilbert–Schmidt norm

where  is an orthonormal basis. The index set  need not be countable. However, the sum on the right must contain at most countably many non-zero terms, to have meaning. This definition is independent of the choice of the orthonormal basis. 
In finite-dimensional Euclidean space, the Hilbert–Schmidt norm  is identical to the Frobenius norm.
Immorality Act
Immorality Act was the title of two acts of the Parliament of South Africa which prohibited, amongst other things, sexual relations between white people and people of other races. The first Immorality Act, of 1927, prohibited sex outside of marriage between whites and blacks, until amended in 1950 to prohibit sex between whites and all non-whites. The second Immorality Act, of 1957, continued this prohibition and also dealt with many other sex offences. The ban on interracial sex was lifted in 1985, but certain sections of the 1957 act dealing with prostitution remain in force as the "Sexual Offences Act, 1957".

Between 1950 and the repeal of the law in 1985, at least 19,000 people were fully prosecuted for violating the law, whereas thousands more were arrested without a trial.

Geldenhuys v National Director of Public Prosecutions
Geldenhuys v National Director of Public Prosecutions and Others is a decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa which struck down as unconstitutional a law which set the age of consent at 19 for homosexual sex but only 16 for heterosexual sex.
Metropolitan Borough of Battersea
Battersea was a civil parish and metropolitan borough in the County of London, England. In 1965, the borough was abolished and its area combined with parts of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth to form the London Borough of Wandsworth. The borough was administered from Battersea Town Hall on Lavender Hill. That building is now Battersea Arts Centre.

Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London
Metropolitan boroughs were subdivisions of the County of London from 1900 to 1965. The 28 boroughs were created by the London Government Act 1899. In 1965 they were abolished and replaced by larger London boroughs within the new area of Greater London.

The City of London, indicated no. 1 on the map, was not a metropolitan borough. It predated the metropolitan boroughs and is still in existence.