hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
W. W. Hicks Beach
Major William Whitehead Hicks Beach (23 March 1907 – 1 January 1975) was a Conservative politician in the United Kingdom.  He was member of parliament for Cheltenham from 1950 to 1964 and was also an Alderman of Cheltenham Borough Council.

Cheltenham (UK Parliament constituency)
Cheltenham (/ˈtʃɛltənəm/ CHELT-ən-əm) is a constituency in Gloucestershire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1832. As with all constituencies, it elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years. Since 2024, its MP has been Max Wilkinson of the Liberal Democrats.
Mauritius national under-20 football team
The Mauritius national under-20 football team is the national under-20 football team of Mauritius, controlled by the Mauritius Football Association. The Mauritius national under-20 football team is composed of the 20 best national football players, aged 20 years or less, selected from the 4 CTR's (Centre Technique Regional) spread throughout Mauritius and from the 1st Division senior and junior national teams. The main tournaments the team competes in are the COSAFA U-20 Challenge Cup, organized in November every year in South Africa, and the African Youth Championship, held every two years. It has never qualified for the FIFA U-20 World Cup. The players in the team are being prepared to join the Mauritius national football team in the coming years. The best result for the team to date has been a 3-1 win over the Zambia national under-20 football team in 2011 African Youth Championship qualifying.

Zambia national under-20 football team
Zambia national under-20 football team is the U-20 football team for Zambia also known as the Junior Chipolpolo as the senior side is known as Chipolopolo (Copper Bullets). They came in fourth place in the 2007 African Youth Championship, which meant they qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup where they were eliminated by U-20 Africa Cup of Nations 5-time winner Nigeria.

Zambia U20 soccer team has won the COSAFA U20 Cup 2022 in eSwatini
2022 Tour du Rwanda
The 2022 Tour du Rwanda was a road cycling stage race that took place from 20 and 27 February 2022 in Rwanda. The race was rated as a category 2.1 event on the 2022 UCI Africa Tour calendar, and was the 25th edition of the Tour du Rwanda.

After the 2021 edition was postponed to early May due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the race returned to its usual late-February timeslot.

Tour du Rwanda
The Tour du Rwanda is a cycling race started in 1988 and based in Rwanda. Until 2008, TOUR DU RWANDA was a regional cycling race that brought together Rwandans but also riders from neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda. The race is a cycling stage race that is organized by the Rwanda Cycling Federation (FERWACY). The event has been part of the UCI Africa Tour as a category 2.1-rated event since 2009.
Avialae
Avialae ("bird wings") is a clade containing the only living dinosaurs, the birds, and their closest relatives. It is usually defined as all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds (Aves) than to deinonychosaurs, though alternative definitions are occasionally used (see below).

Archaeopteryx lithographica, from the late Jurassic Period Solnhofen Formation of Germany, is usually considered the earliest known avialan which may have had the capability of powered flight; a minority of studies have suggested that it might have been a  deinonychosaur instead. Several older (but non flight-capable) possible avialans are known from the late Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of China, dated to about 160 million years ago.

Bird flight
Bird flight is the primary mode of locomotion used by most bird species in which birds take off and fly. Flight assists birds with feeding, breeding, avoiding predators, and migrating.

Bird flight includes multiple types of motion, including hovering, taking off, and landing, involving many complex movements. As different bird species adapted over millions of years through evolution for specific environments, prey, predators, and other needs, they developed specializations in their wings, and acquired different forms of flight.

Various theories exist about how bird flight evolved, including flight from falling or gliding (the trees down hypothesis), from running or leaping (the ground up hypothesis), from wing-assisted incline running or from  proavis (pouncing) behavior.
Linus Sköld
Linus Alexander Sköld (born 1983) is a Swedish politician, teacher and member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he has represented Norrbotten County since January 2019. He had previously been a substitute member of the Riksdag four times: September 2015 to April 2016 (for Sven-Erik Bucht]); February 2017 to August 2017 (for Hannah Bergstedt); April 2018 to June 2018 (for Hannah Bergstedt); and September 2018 to January 2019 (for Sven-Erik Bucht).

Sköld is the son of service technician Rolf Sköld and teacher June Sköld (née Schön). He was educated in Malmö. He has a teaching degree from Malmö University and a degree in educational leadership from Umeå University. He has been a teacher since 2008. He has been a member of the municipal council in Älvsbyn Municipality since 2016.

Hannah Bergstedt
Hannah Bergstedt (born 1977) is a Swedish Social Democratic Party politician.

She was elected deputy member of the Riksdag for the period 2006–2010, when she met as replacement delegate from August 2007 to March 2008, and from October 2008 to January 2009. She was elected ordinary member of the Riksdag for the period 2010–2014, and reelected for the period 2014–2018 from the constituency Norrbottens län. In the Riksdag she has been member of the Committee on Civil Affairs and the Taxation Committee.
Arthur Gaskin
Arthur Joseph Gaskin RBSA (16 March 1862 – 4 June 1928) was an English illustrator, painter, teacher and designer of jewellery and enamelwork.

Gaskin and his wife Georgie Gaskin were members of the Birmingham Group of Artist-Craftsmen, which sought to apply the principles of the Arts and Crafts movement across the decorative arts. Like many of the group, Gaskin studied at the Birmingham School of Art under Edward R. Taylor and later taught there.

Edward R. Taylor
Edward Richard Taylor RBSA (14 June 1838 – 14 January 1911) was an English artist and educator. He painted in both oils and watercolours. He became a member of the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists in 1879.
Thomas Dalton (Australian politician)
Thomas Dalton (1 February 1829 – 26 June 1901) was an Irish-born Australian politician.

He was born in Duntryleague in County Limerick to innkeeper James Dalton and Eleanor Ryan. He and his father moved to New South Wales in the late 1840s, and in 1858 Thomas and his brother James established a store at Orange. He married Elizabeth Fahey in 1856, with whom he had five children; a second marriage in 1880 to Mary Ann Josephine Walsh produced no children. He was a long-serving alderman at Orange, serving as mayor in 1877, and also expanded his business until his family wielded great influence in the colony. In 1882 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Orange; a Protectionist, he served until his defeat in 1891. In 1892 he was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council, serving until his death at North Sydney in 1901.

Protectionist Party
The Protectionist Party, also known as the Protectionist Liberal Party or Liberal Protectionist Party, was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1887 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. The party advocated protective tariffs, arguing it would allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most prominent leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime ministers of Australia.
Ytre Storevatnet
Ytre Storevatnet is a lake in the municipality of Bykle in Agder county, Norway.  The 2.8-square-kilometre (1.1 sq mi) lake makes up the northernmost part of the Svartevatnet reservoir that empties into the Sira River system.  The lake is located just south of the lake Blåsjø and southwest of Botsvatn.  The village of Bykle is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of the lake.

Bykle (village)
Bykle or Bykle Kyrkjebygd (locally: Kyrkjebygdi) is the administrative centre of Bykle municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Otra and the Norwegian National Road 9 in the southern part of the municipality. It is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the small village of Nordbygdi. The villages of Hoslemo and Berdalen lie about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north.

The 0.47-square-kilometre (120-acre) village has a population (2016) of 249 which gives the village a population density of 530 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi).  The village is the site of the historic Old Bykle Church as well as the much newer Bykle Church. The village also has a school, library, and hotel as well a number of shops and businesses.
True length
In descriptive geometry, true length is any distance between points that is not foreshortened by the view type. In a three-dimensional Euclidean space, lines with true length are parallel to the projection plane. For example, in a top view of a pyramid, which is an orthographic projection, the base edges (which are parallel to the projection plane) have true length, whereas the remaining edges in this view are not true lengths. The same is true with an orthographic side view of a pyramid. If any face of a pyramid was parallel to the projection plane (for a particular view), all edges would demonstrate true length.

Examples of views in which all edges have true length are nets.

Projection plane
A projection plane, or plane of projection, is a type of view in which graphical projections from an object intersect. Projection planes are used often in descriptive geometry and graphical representation. A picture plane in perspective drawing is a type of projection plane.

With perspective drawing, the lines of sight, or projection lines, between an object and a picture plane return to a vanishing point and are not parallel. With parallel projection the lines of sight from the object to the projection plane are parallel.

Perspective projection of triangle ABC on plane Π from point S.

Axonometric projection on projection plane Π

A cube in two-point perspective

Simulated rays of light travel from the object, through the projection plane, and to the viewer's eye or camera. This is the basis for graphical perspective.

Various graphical projections and how they are produced
Sutiaji
Sutiaji (born 13 May 1964) is an Indonesian politician who served as the mayor of Malang, East Java between 2018 and 2023. Previously, he was a member of the city's legislative council and later deputy mayor of the city between 2013 and 2018, and briefly served as acting mayor in 2018 until his official inauguration as mayor.

Malang City Regional House of Representatives
The Malang City Regional House of Representatives (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Malang, DPRD Malang) is the unicameral municipal legislature of the city of Malang, East Java, Indonesia. It has 45 members, who are elected every five years, simultaneously with the national legislative election.
Naxos radar detector
The Naxos radar warning receiver was a World War II German countermeasure to S band microwave radar produced by a cavity magnetron. Introduced in September 1943, it replaced Metox, which was incapable of detecting centimetric radar. Two versions were widely used, the FuG 350 Naxos Z that allowed night fighters to home in on H2S radars carried by RAF Bomber Command aircraft, and the FuMB 7 Naxos U for U-boats, offering early warning of the approach of RAF Coastal Command patrol aircraft equipped with ASV Mark III radar. A later model, Naxos ZR, provided warning of the approach of RAF night fighters equipped with AI Mk. VIII radar.

X band
The X band is the designation for a band of frequencies in the microwave radio region of the electromagnetic spectrum. In some cases, such as in communication engineering, the frequency range of the X band is set at approximately 7.0–11.2 GHz. In radar engineering, the frequency range is specified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) as 8.0–12.0 GHz. The X band is used for radar, satellite communication, and wireless computer networks.
PfSense
pfSense is a firewall/router computer software distribution based on FreeBSD. The open source pfSense Community Edition (CE) and pfSense Plus is installed on a physical computer or a virtual machine to make a dedicated firewall/router for a network. It can be configured and upgraded through a web-based interface, and requires no knowledge of the underlying FreeBSD system to manage.

Packt
Packt is a publishing company founded in 2004 and headquartered in Birmingham, UK, with offices in Mumbai, India.

Packt primarily publishes print and electronic books and videos relating to information technology, including programming, web design, data analysis, and hardware.
The Realm of the Unreal
"The Realm of the Unreal" is a short story by American Civil War soldier, wit, and writer Ambrose Bierce. It appeared in The San Francisco Examiner on July 20, 1890 and was reprinted in the 1893 collection Can Such Things Be?

The story elaborates the idea of "the realm of the unreal" introduced by Bierce in the 1879 story My Shipwreck.

A Psychological Shipwreck
"A Psychological Shipwreck" is a short story by American Civil War soldier, wit, and writer Ambrose Bierce and published by The Argonaut under the title "My Shipwreck" on May 24, 1879. It was included in the 1893 collection Can Such Things Be?
Willow Tank Formation
The Willow Tank Formation is a geologic formation which outcrops in the U.S. state of Nevada. Initially believed to be of Early Cretaceous (Albian) age, later studies have concluded that it was more likely to be of Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) age, making it equivalent to the Cloverly and Cedar Mountain Formations. It was deposited in an anastomosed fluvial system.

Ornithopoda
Ornithopoda (/ˌɔːrnəˈθɒpədə/) is a clade of ornithischian dinosaurs, called ornithopods (/ˈɔːrnəθəˌpɒdz, ɔːrˈnɪθ-/). They represent one of the most successful groups of herbivorous dinosaurs during the Cretaceous. The most primitive members of the group were bipedal and relatively small-sized, while advanced members of the subgroup Iguanodontia became quadrupedal and developed large body size. Their major evolutionary advantage was the progressive development of a chewing apparatus that became the most sophisticated ever developed by a non-avian dinosaur, rivaling that of modern mammals such as the domestic cow. They reached their apex of diversity and ecological dominance in the hadrosaurids (colloquially known as 'duck-bills'), before they were wiped out by the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event along with all other non-avian dinosaurs. Members are known worldwide.
Pete Whittaker
Pete Whittaker (born 1991) is a British professional rock climber. Whittaker is considered one of the world's best crack climbers, making the first free ascent of Crown Royale (9a/5.14d), one of the world's hardest trad routes. Alongside climbing partner Tom Randall, he also made the first free ascent of Century Crack (8c/5.14b), one of the world's hardest offwidths. Under the name Wide Boyz, Whittaker and Randall produce YouTube videos, provide coaching, and sell specialized crack climbing equipment.

Glossary of climbing terms
Glossary of climbing terms relates to rock climbing (including aid climbing, lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing), mountaineering, and to ice climbing.

The terms used can vary between different English-speaking countries; many of the phrases described here are particular to the United States and the United Kingdom.
European eXPErimental Re-entry Testbed
European eXPErimental Re-entry Test-bed (EXPERT) was a European Space Agency aerothermodynamics research programme. It was planned that vehicle will be launched on a Russian Volna launch vehicle and will provide knowledge and experience in the design and development of re-entry vehicles. As of 2012, one element in a European Space Agency push to develop vehicles capable of re-entry has been pushed back until at least 2013 as the agency seeks a launch alternative to the Russian submarine-launched Volna rocket which was withdrawn. One of its main goals was to test materials for ESA's Intermediate eXperimental Vehicle (IXV), an unmanned, delta-winged plane launched in 2015 aboard ESA's new Vega small-satellite launcher. Currently EXPERT remains in storage conditions in Turin.

Volna
Space launch vehicle Volna (Russian: Волна, lit. 'wave'), is a converted submarine-launched ballistic missile used for launching satellites into orbit. It is based on the R-29R designed by State Rocket Center Makayev and related to the Shtil' Launch Vehicle. The Volna is a 3-stage launch vehicle that uses liquid propellant. The warhead section is used for the payloads that can be either put into orbit with the help of an additional boost engine or travel along a sub-orbital trajectory to be recovered at the landing site. Volna can be launched from Delta III-class submarine or from land based facilities.
Pietro Cesare Alberti
Pietro Cesare Alberti (1608–1655) — later Peter Caesar Alburtus — was a Venetian immigrant to the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, commonly regarded as the first Italian American settler at least in what is now New York State.

Venice Lido
The Lido, or Venice Lido (Italian: Lido di Venezia), is an 11-kilometre-long (7-mile) barrier island  in the Venetian Lagoon, Northern Italy; it is home to about 20,400 residents.  The Venice Film Festival takes place at the Lido in late August/early September.
Modern Air Transport
Modern Air Transport, Inc. (originally Modern Air Transport/MAT, subsequently Modern Air) was a United States-based supplemental air carrier founded in 1946. At different stages in its history its operations were based in Newark and Trenton, New Jersey, Baltimore, and Miami. In addition to Miami, New York used to be a base for Modern Air. In 1968, the airline established an overseas base at Berlin Tegel Airport in what used to be West Berlin prior to German reunification. Between 1968 and 1974, operations increasingly focused on Berlin Tegel. Modern Air ceased trading in 1975.

West Berlin Air Corridor
During the Cold War era (1945–1991), the West Berlin air corridors, also known as the Berlin corridors and control zone, were three regulated airways for civil and military air traffic of the Western Allies between West Berlin and West Germany passing over East Germany's territory. The corridors and control zone were physically centered on and under control of the all-Allied Berlin Air Safety Centre (BASC) in West Berlin. The airspace within these corridors was used by US, UK and French-registered non-combat aircraft belonging to these countries' armed forces and airlines operated by pilots holding those countries' passports. In addition, it was also used by LOT Polish Airlines for regular scheduled services from Warsaw to London and Paris via Schönefeld Airport to the  south of East Berlin.
Owen Turtenwald
Owen Turtenwald (born (1989-04-16)April 16, 1989) is a former American professional Magic: The Gathering player.  He won a number of awards during his career, notably the 2010 Vintage World Championship and 2011 and 2015-16 Player of the Year. In 2016, he was inducted into the Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame. He was briefly a member of the Magic Pro League in 2019 before being removed following sexual harassment accusations from women in the Magic community. He has not participated in any Wizards of the Coast sanctioned Magic: The Gathering tournaments since the incident.

Eric Froehlich
Eric Froehlich (born February 9, 1984, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American professional poker player, professional Magic: The Gathering player, and member of the Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame. He lives in Las Vegas, Nevada, with his wife, Magic: The Gathering streamer Athena Huey. As of 2023, Froehlich's total live poker tournament winnings exceed $2,682,733. His 48 cashes at the WSOP account for $1,930,090 of those winnings.
Badr Benoun
Badr Benoun (also spelt as Badr Banoune; Arabic: بدر بانون; born 30 September 1993) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back and captain for Botola side Raja CA and the Morocco national team.

2012–13 Botola Pro
The 2012–13 Botola Pro is the 56th season of the Moroccan Top League, but the 2nd under its new format of Moroccan Pro League. It began on 14 September 2012 with Kénitra AC beating COD Meknès 2–1 in their away match and ended on 2 June 2013 when Wydad Fes beating Raja Beni Mellal 4-1 in their away match. MA Tétouan are the defending champion but they finished in 6th place in this season. The winner of this season will qualify to the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup as host representatives.
Tian Houwei
Tian Houwei (Chinese: 田厚威; pinyin: Tián Hòuwēi; born 11 January 1992) is a badminton player from China. He was the 2009 World and Asian Junior Champions in the boys' singles event. Tian was part of the Chinese national team that won the silver medals at the 2013 Summer Universiade and 2014 Asian Games.

BWF Super Series
The BWF Super Series was a series of Grade 2 badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It was launched on December 14, 2006, and implemented in 2007.

Since 2011, the Super Series includes two levels of tournament, Super Series Premier and Super Series. A season of Super Series featured twelve tournaments around the world, including five of them classified as Super Series Premier. Super Series Premier tournament offers higher ranking point and higher minimum total prize money. Top eight players/pairs in each discipline in Super Series standings are invited to the Super Series Finals held at the year end.

BWF announced a new tournament structure in March 2017, BWF World Tour together with the new hosts for the 2018–2021 cycle to replace this Super Series tournament.
Phlebotominae
The Phlebotominae are a subfamily of the family Psychodidae. In several countries, their common name is sandfly, but that name is also applied to other flies. The Phlebotominae include many genera of blood-feeding (hematophagous) flies, including the primary vectors of leishmaniasis, bartonellosis, and pappataci fever.

Sandflies are small; a body size of about 3 mm in length is typical for many species, which aids them in escaping notice. Their bite is not always felt, but leaves a small, round, reddish bump that starts itching hours or days later.  Use of insect repellent is recommended in areas where sandflies are present.

Phlebotomus
Phlebotomus is a genus of  "sand flies" in the Diptera family Psychodidae. In the past, they have sometimes been considered to belong in a separate family, Phlebotomidae, but this alternative classification has not gained wide acceptance.