hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 423
NGC 423 is a lenticular galaxy of type S0/a? located in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on November 14, 1835 by John Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, small, extended, gradually a little brighter middle, eastern of 2.", the other being NGC 418.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Triplophysa dorsalis
Triplophysa dorsalis, the grey stone loach, is a species of stone loach in the genus Triplophysa that lives in freshwater. It is found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Xinjiang (westernmost China).

The species is usually found in water with slow currents, river coves and lakes. It prefers the quiet water to live in. Its maximum length is 13 centimetres (5.1 in) TL and the common length is 12 centimetres (4.7 in) SL. Lives at range of temperature of 18 °C-22 °C.

Triplophysa
Triplophysa is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found mainly in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, as well as inland waters of the larger part of central Asia. They can be distinguished from other genera of Nemacheilidae by marked sexual dimorphism, including the development of nuptial tubercles on breeding males. Currently, the genus is a mixed assemblage of species. Some lineages have been identified and treated as subgenera (Hedinichthys, Indotriplophysa, Labiatophysa, Qinghaichthys and Tarimichthys), but as Wikipedia follows Fishbase for fish species all but Hedinichthys have been treated as subgenera in Wikipedia, although Kottelat in his revision of the loaches did recognise them as valid. FishBase, however, includes these in Triplophysa without specifying subgenera and treats the names given by Kottelat as synonyms.
New City Hall (Prague)
Prague New City Hall (Czech: Nová radnice), the central administrative building of Prague (not to be confused with the New Town Hall/Novoměstská radnice, once the town hall of Prague's New Town and now the building of the city district Prague 2), is located on the east side of Mariánské náměstí (Virgin Mary Square) in the centre of the Old Town, Prague 1, across from the Clementinum building complex.

Since 1945 it has been the seat of Prague City Hall, Prague City Council, Prague City Assembly and the Mayor of Prague. The building contains offices, meeting halls and formal residences for the mayor and other city officials.

Old Town (Prague)
The Old Town of Prague (Czech: Staré Město pražské, German: Prager Altstadt) is a medieval settlement of Prague, Czech Republic. It was separated from the outside by a semi-circular moat and wall, connected to the Vltava river at both of its ends. The moat is now covered up by the streets (from north to south-west) Revoluční, Na Příkopě, and Národní — which remain the official boundary of the cadastral community of Old Town. It is now part of Prague 1.

Notable places in the Old Town include Old Town Square and Astronomical Clock. The Old Town is surrounded by the New Town of Prague. Across the river Vltava connected by the Charles Bridge is the Lesser Town of Prague (Czech: Malá Strana). The former Jewish Town (Josefov) is located in the northwest corner of Old Town heading towards the Vltava.
Joe Bergin (hurler)
Joseph Bergin (born 22 September 1987) is an Irish hurler who plays for Offaly Championship club Seir Kieran. He was a member of the Offaly senior hurling team for 14 seasons, during which time he usually lined out as a full-forward.

2006 Inter-Provincial Hurling Championship
The 2006 Interprovincial Hurling Championship, known as the 2006 M Donnelly Hurling Interprovincial Championship due to the tournament's sponsorship by businessman Martin Donnelly, was the 79th series of the Interprovincial Championship. The annual hurling championship between the four historic provinces of Ireland was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The championship was won by Leinster.
Šeškinė
Šeškinė (literally Lithuanian: 'A place with polecats') is a  district located in the north of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, built in 1977 as a microdistrict. It is located to the east of Justiniškės district, to the north and north-west of Žvėrynas and Šnipiškės elderships, to the south of Fabijoniškės and Pašilaičiai districts, and to the south-west of Verkiai district.

Šeškinė is a largely residential district although it is also home to the Akropolis Mall. The only water park in Vilnius was opened on June 1, 2007, next to the Siemens Arena.

Šeškinė is one of the most densely populated districts, having a density of 3,600/km². It's also one of the smallest, being the 6th smallest eldership in Vilnius.

Fabijoniškės
Fabijoniškės located in the northern part of Vilnius, is one of the newest districts of Vilnius municipality, built in the late 1980s to early 1990s in the territory of former Fabijoniškės village.

Fabijoniškės was the production site of the HBO miniseries Chernobyl during filming in 2018, where the district was used to portray the city of Pripyat.
Nieuport-Delage NiD 940
The Nieuport-Delage NiD 940 was a French, tailless, pusher configuration touring aircraft first flown in 1934. It suffered from longitudinal instabilities and despite modifications and a more powerful engine, it did not receive its Certificate of Airworthiness.

Tailless aircraft
In aeronautics, a tailless aircraft is a fixed-wing aircraft with no other horizontal aerodynamic surface besides its main wing. It may still have a fuselage, vertical tail fin (vertical stabilizer), and/or vertical rudder.

Theoretical advantages of the tailless configuration include low parasitic drag as on the Horten H.IV soaring glider and good stealth characteristics as on the Northrop B-2 Spirit bomber. Disadvantages include a potential sensitivity to trim.

Tailless aircraft have been flown since the pioneer days; the first stable aeroplane to fly was the tailless Dunne D.5, in 1910. The most successful tailless configuration has been the tailless delta, especially for combat aircraft, though the Concorde airliner is also a delta configuration.

NASA has used the 'tailless' description for the novel X-36 research aircraft which has a canard foreplane but no vertical fin.
Caucasian Kurds
Caucasian Kurds are ethnic Kurds who come from or live in the region of the Caucasus. The first Kurdish presence in the Caucasus region can be traced back to the middle of the 10th Century. Some groups of Caucasian Kurds were deported to Central Asia in 1937, 1938, and 1944 by the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, with most of their descendants now residing in Kazakhstan. The total number of Caucasian Kurds inside and outside the Caucasus region is unknown.

Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin. who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1199 AD. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia.

They began ruling in the city of Dvin, and eventually ruled other major cities, such as Barda and Ganja. A cadet line of the Shaddadids were given the cities of Ani and Tbilisi as a reward for their service to the Seljuqs, to whom they became vassals. From 1047 to 1057, the Shaddadids were engaged in several wars against the Byzantine army. The area between the rivers Kura and Aras was ruled by a Shaddadid dynasty.
Ion Timofte
Ion Timofte (born 16 December 1967) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, currently sporting director at Liga III club ASU Politehnica Timișoara.

He spent the vast majority of his career in Portugal, amassing Primeira Liga totals of 215 matches and 61 goals over nine seasons with Porto and Boavista and winning seven major titles both clubs combined.

1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 19th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Boavista and Porto of the Primeira Liga. Porto qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1996–97 Primeira Divisão, whilst Boavista qualified for the Supertaça by winning the 1996–97 Taça de Portugal.

The first leg which took place at the Estádio do Bessa, saw Boavista defeat Porto 2–0. The second leg which took place at the Estádio das Antas, saw the Dragões defeat the Axadrezados 1–0, but the Axadrezados win a third Supertaça after 2–1 on aggregate over two legs.
CICATA Querétaro
CICATA Querétaro is the Research Center for Applied Science and Advance Technology of the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) located in Querétaro. It was established on June 30, 2005, by an agreement of the IPN Consultive General Council. Although, it started to operate as an independent academic unit in 2001, when Adrián García García was appointed Acting Director. Its current building was inaugurated on November 6, 2006. On January 1, 2008, its master and doctor degree programs were certified by the National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT).

Instituto Politécnico Nacional
The National Polytechnic Institute (Spanish: Instituto Politécnico Nacional), abbreviated IPN, is one of the largest public universities in Mexico with 171,581 students at the high school, undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It was ranked third in Mexico, behind Tecnológico de Monterrey and UNAM and 246th in the Engineering and Technology category in 2025 by QS World University Rankings. It was founded on 1 January 1936 during the administration of President Lázaro Cárdenas.

The institute consists of 98 academic units offering 290 courses of study. It includes 57 technical careers, 79 undergraduate and 154 postgraduate programs. Its main campus, called 'Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos' or 'Zacatenco', located in northern Mexico City, covers approximately 530 acres (2.1 km2) .

The IPN is based primarily in Mexico City, but with several research institutes and facilities distributed over 22 states.
Kaarlo Leinonen
Kaarlo Olavi Leinonen (15 March 1914 – 19 April 1975) was a Finnish general and Minister of Defence from December 1963 to September 1964. He was the Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces between 1969 and 1974. Leinonen was born in Tervola. He died in Karjalohja.

Minister of Defence (Finland)
The Minister of Defence (Finnish: puolustusministeri, Swedish: försvarsminister) is a member of the Finnish Council of State. As the head of the Ministry of Defence, the minister is responsible for the administration of national defence. The ministry is headquartered in Helsinki. The current Minister of Defence is Antti Häkkänen.

From June to November 1918 the post was called Chief of the War Department, and from then until 1922 the post was called the Minister of War.

The President of the Republic is the commander-in-chief of the Finnish Defence Forces. The commander of the military forces is the Chief of Defence.
Collin, Dumfries and Galloway
Collin is a small village between Dumfries and Gretna in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It is located on the Lochar Water, and the A75 road. It lies 5.3 km east of Dumfries, and 20 km north-west of Annan. It has a cemetery. Rockhall Tower, a castle once owned by the Grierson baronets, is in Collin.

Dumfries
Dumfries (Scots: /dʌmˈfriːs/ ⓘ dum-FREESS; from Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phris Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˌt̪un ˈfɾʲiʃ]) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, 25 miles (40 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the historic county of Dumfriesshire.

Before becoming King of Scots, Robert the Bruce killed his rival John Comyn III of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in the town in 1306. The Young Pretender had his headquarters here towards the end of 1745. In World War II, the Norwegian armed forces in exile in Britain largely consisted of a brigade in Dumfries.

Dumfries is nicknamed Queen of the South. This is also the name of the town's football club. People from Dumfries are known colloquially in Scots language as Doonhamers.
FUnit
FUnit is an open-source unit testing framework developed at NASA’s Langley Research Center, specifically designed for the Fortran programming language versions 90, 95, and 2003. It is modeled after other testing frameworks within the xUnit family. The software aims to facilitate reliable, automated unit-testing, thereby improving robustness and quality in Fortran software development projects.

As of 2019, active development ceased, and the official source repository has been archived on GitHub, indicating maintenance discontinuation. The repository’s last commit dates back to October 2, 2014, reflecting that the project has not been actively maintained for many years.

Unit testing
Unit testing, a.k.a. component or module testing, is a form of software testing by which isolated source code is tested to validate expected behavior.

Unit testing describes tests that are run at the unit-level to contrast testing at the integration or system level.
2021 Gran Canaria Challenger II – Doubles
This was the second edition of the tournament in the 2021 tennis season. Lloyd Glasspool and Harri Heliövaara were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Enzo Couacaud and Manuel Guinard.

Couacaud and Guinard won the title after defeating Javier Barranco Cosano and Eduard Esteve Lobato 6–1, 6–4 in the final.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
William Kingsmill (priest)
William Kingsmill alias William Basyng (?–1549) was Prior of St. Swithun's Priory, Winchester until the Dissolution of the Monastery in 1539; it was a Benedictine monastic house and its shrine to the saint popularly associated with determining the entire period of pre-harvest weather was a place of pilgrimage. He was appointed as the first Dean of Winchester Cathedral at the foundation of the new chapter in 1541.

Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton
Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton (21 December 1505 – 30 July 1550), was an English peer, secretary of state, Lord Chancellor and Lord High Admiral. A naturally skilled but unscrupulous and devious politician who changed with the times, Wriothesley served as a loyal instrument of King Henry VIII in the latter's break with the Catholic Church. Richly rewarded with royal gains from the Dissolution of the Monasteries, he nevertheless prosecuted Calvinists and other Protestants when political winds changed.
Football at the 2025 SEA Games – Men's tournament – Knockout stage
The knockout stage of the men's football tournament at the 2025 SEA Games were played from 15 to 18 December 2025. The group winner and the best runner-up from each group in the group stage qualify for the knockout stage.

Football at the 2025 SEA Games – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2025 SEA Games (Thai: การแข่งขันฟุตบอลชายซีเกมส์ 2568) was held from 3 to 18 December 2025. It was the 33rd edition of the men's SEA Games football tournament. Teams participating in the men's competition were restricted to under-22 players (born on or after 1 January 2003).

Indonesia were the defending champions, having won in 2023, but they failed to get past the group stages as they were defeated by the Philippines and failed to get the best second-placed team to advance to the semi-finals (scored one goal fewer than Malaysia), which marked the first time since 2019 that a defending champions and the first time for Indonesia's team since 2009 were eliminated in the group stage. The Vietnamese went on to win their third title (as unified country) and fourth title (in total) in history by defeating Thailand 3–2 in the final. For Thailand, this was the first time since 1967 that they failed to achieve a gold medal on their home soil.
2011–12 Liga Indonesia Premier Division second round Group A
Group A of 2011-12 Liga Indonesia Premier Division second round was played from 25 to 30 June 2012. The pool was made up of co-host Persepam Pamekasan, Persita Tangerang, Persiku Kudus and PSBK Blitar.

2011–12 Liga Indonesia Premier Division
The 2011–12 Liga Indonesia Premier Division season is the seventeenth edition of Liga Indonesia Premier Division since its establishment in 1994. The competition is managed by PT Liga Indonesia (LI).

This season is the first season of Liga Indonesia Premier Division organized by LI without authorization from PSSI as it has decided to appoint the new PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (LPIS) to organize the competition. It is then recognized by PSSI breakaway leadership under La Nyalla Matalatti.

The participant initially consists of 30 clubs, later reduced to 26 clubs, and finally reduced to only 22 club, divided into two groups. The fixtures were released on 13 December 2011. The season kicked off on 15 December 2011 and is scheduled to conclude in July 2012.
Curragh Camp
The Curragh Camp (Irish: Campa an Churraigh) is an army base and military college in The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland. It is the main training centre for the Irish Defence Forces and is home to 2,000 military personnel.

Tim Pat Coogan
Timothy Patrick "Tim Pat" Coogan (born 22 April 1935) is an Irish journalist, writer and broadcaster. He served as editor of The Irish Press newspaper from 1968 to 1987. He has been best known for such books as The IRA, Ireland Since the Rising and On the Blanket, and biographies of Michael Collins and Éamon de Valera.

Coogan's particular focus has been Ireland's nationalist/independence movement in the 20th century, a period of unprecedented political upheaval. He blames the Troubles in Northern Ireland on "Paisleyism".
Lake Musters and Lake Colhué Huapí
Lake Musters and Lake Colhué Huapi (45°25′S 69°11′W﻿ / ﻿45.417°S 69.183°W﻿ / -45.417; -69.183, at altitudes of around 260 metres (850 ft)) form the terminal stage of the Senguerr River endorheic basin, located in the patagonic central region of Argentina in the south of Chubut province. Closest populated area is Sarmiento, an 8,000 inhabitant former Welsh immigrant colony. The lakes gave their names to the Mustersan and Colhuehuapian South American land mammal ages.

Colhuehuapian
The Colhuehuapian age is a period of geologic time (21.0–17.5 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Deseadan and precedes the Santacrucian age.
Grevillea diversifolia
Grevillea diversifolia, the variable-leaved grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to prostrate shrub with simple or divided leaves and groups white to cream-coloured flowers with a dull red style.

Donald McGillivray (botanist)
Donald John McGillivray (20 August 1935 – 17 August 2012) in New South Wales, Australia, usually known as D. J. McGillivray, was an Australian botanical taxonomist. He was trained in forestry, and became interested in plant taxonomy just before he transferred in 1964 to the National Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney.

From 1969 to 1970, he was the Australian Botanical Liaison Officer at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, London.

McGillivray specialised in the Grevillea genus and, in 1993, published Grevillea – Proteaceae: A Taxonomic Revision, a definitive scientific survey of the prolific Australian plant genus.
Ramananda Centenary College
Ramananda Centenary College, established in 1971, is the general degree college in Laulara, Purulia district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts and sciences. It is affiliated to Sidho Kanho Birsha University.

Sidho Kanho Birsha University
Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University (SKBU) is a public state university located in Purulia district of West Bengal, India. It was established under an Act of the West Bengal Legislature in April 2010. It offers different undergraduate and postgraduate courses in liberal arts.
2023 UC Davis Aggies football team
The 2023 UC Davis football team represented the University of California, Davis as a member of the Big Sky Conference during the 2023 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by seventh-year head coach Dan Hawkins, the Aggies played their home games at UC Davis Health Stadium in Davis, California. The UC Davis Aggies football team drew an average home attendance of 10,562 in 2023.

UC Davis Health Stadium
UC Davis Health Stadium (also and formerly known as Aggie Stadium) is an outdoor multi-purpose stadium located on the campus of the University of California, Davis in unincorporated Yolo County, California.

Opened as Aggie Stadium on April 1, 2007, the venue currently seats 10,743 for football. It replaced the 10,000 seat Toomey Field and is the home to the UC Davis Aggies football of the Big Sky Conference and women's lacrosse team of the Big 12. Plans call for the stadium to eventually be built out to 30,000 seats.

The artificial turf playing field is named Jim Sochor Field, after the Aggie's College Football Hall of Fame coach of the same name. It is aligned north-south at an approximate elevation of 55 feet (17 m) above sea level.
Juggler of Worlds
Juggler of Worlds (2008) is a science fiction novel by American writers Larry Niven and Edward M. Lerner, a sequel  to their Fleet of Worlds.

It is set in the Known Space universe. Most of the book revisits earlier stories (the Beowulf Shaeffer stories in Crashlander and Neutron Star from the points of view of Sigmund Ausfaller and several Pierson's Puppeteers; "The Soft Weapon", another story in Neutron Star; and parts of the previous novel in the series, Fleet of Worlds, from the point of view of Nessus).  The novel also severely revises the established knowledge of the Outsider race. The final quarter of the book returns to the setting of and is a sequel to Fleet of Worlds.

Neutron Star (short story collection)
Neutron Star is a collection of science fiction short stories by American writer Larry Niven, published in April 1968. The individual stories were published in If and Galaxy Science Fiction in 1966–1967, under Frederik Pohl as editor.