hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Impeachment of Man
Impeachment of Man is a book by the French-born Greek fascist and Nazi sympathizer Savitri Devi. Written from 1945 to 1946, it was ultimately self-published 13 years later in 1959. Devi began writing it in the aftermath of Germany's defeat in World War II in India, ultimately finishing the work in France. Its central themes are animal rights and ecology; unlike the rest of Devi's works, the references to Nazism are obscured, leading to it being republished to appeal, in part, to New Age and vegetarian audiences.

Jeffrey Kaplan (academic)
Jeffrey Kaplan (March 23, 1954 – March 12, 2025) was an American academic who wrote and edited a number of books on racism, religious violence, terrorism and the far-right. He was an associate professor of religion at the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh and sat on the editorial boards of the journals Terrorism and Political Violence, Nova Religio and The Pomegranate. Kaplan authored and edited several books in his career, including Radical Religion in America, Nation and Race, and the Encyclopedia of White Power.
Thematic vowel
In Indo-European studies, a thematic vowel or theme vowel is the vowel *e or *o from ablaut placed before the ending of a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word. Nouns, adjectives, and verbs in the Indo-European languages with this vowel are thematic, and those without it are athematic. Used more generally, a thematic vowel is any vowel found at the end of the stem of a word.

Outside Indo-European, the term "thematic vowel" is also used in the grammar of Kartvelian languages (see Georgian verb paradigm for more information on thematic vowels).

Tamaz V. Gamkrelidze
Tamaz Valerianis dze Gamkrelidze (Georgian: თამაზ ვალერიანის ძე გამყრელიძე; 23 October 1929 – 10 February 2021) was a Georgian linguist, orientalist public benefactor and Hittitologist, Academic (since 1974) and President (2005–2013) of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (GAS), Doctor of Sciences (1963), Professor (1964).
Sandhaven
Sandhaven is a small fishing village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, which lies between Rosehearty to the west and Fraserburgh to the east. It is joined to the even smaller village of Pitullie to the west.

Rosehearty
Rosehearty (Scottish Gaelic: Ros Abhartaich) is a settlement on the Moray Firth coast, four miles west of the town Fraserburgh, in the historical county of Aberdeenshire in Scotland. The burgh has a population of approximately 1,300 with about 25 per cent of pensionable age.
2006 Eindhoven Team Time Trial
The 2006 edition of the Eindhoven Team Time Trial was held on June 18 in Eindhoven, Netherlands. It marked the second year of this UCI ProTour event, which is a team time trial competition between the world's elite professional cycling teams and consists of the eight riders for each team riding in unison against the clock. The team with the fastest time through the 48.6 km course based on the time of its first five riders wins the competition.

In 2006, Team CSC finished in first place with a time of 52 minutes, 28 seconds, which was 42 seconds ahead of second-place finisher Discovery Channel and 55 seconds ahead of the 2005 champion Gerolsteiner.

Eindhoven Team Time Trial
The UCI ProTour Eindhoven Team Time Trial was an annual road bicycle race held in Eindhoven, Netherlands. It was approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi). Each team had six riders. In 2006, team size expanded to eight.

Conceived as part of the UCI ProTour in 2005, it was open to the 20 ProTour teams and 5 wildcard teams selected by the organisers. It was held immediately after the Ster Elektro Toer, a four-day race on the UCI Europe Tour.

In early 2008 Eindhoven ended involvement in the event. The UCI said it would be replaced by another to be decided. In 2012, the men's team time trial was introduced at the UCI Road World Championships.
Goniolimon speciosum
Goniolimon speciosum, the dwarf statice (a name shared with other species) or plantain-leaved thrift, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is native to the Eurasian steppes, southern and eastern Russia, Kazakhstan, Siberia, Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang. Przewalski's horses (Equus przewalskii) regularly consume it.

Plumbaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The family is sometimes referred to as the leadwort family or the plumbago family.

Most species in this family are perennial herbaceous plants, but a few grow as lianas or shrubs. The plants have perfect flowers and are pollinated by insects. They are found in many different climatic regions, from arctic to tropical conditions, but are particularly associated with salt-rich steppes, marshes, and sea coasts.

The family has been recognized by most taxonomists. The APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. It includes c. 30 genera and about 725 species.

The 1981 Cronquist system placed the family in a separate order Plumbaginales, which included no other families. The Dahlgren system had segregated some of these plants as family Limoniaceae.
Smines Bridge
The Smines Bridge (Norwegian: Sminesbrua) is a cantilever bridge in the northern part of Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The bridge is 152.5 metres (500 ft) long and has a main span of 85 metres (279 ft). Together with the Hestøy Bridge, they form a link over the Fjærangen fjord connecting the village of Lund to the rest of the municipality.

Namsos Municipality
Namsosⓘ (Norwegian) or Nåavmesjenjaelmie (Southern Sami) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Namsos. Some of the villages in the municipality include Bangsund, Klinga, Ramsvika, Skomsvoll, Spillum, Sævik, Dun, Salsnes, Nufsfjord, Lund, Namdalseid, Sjøåsen, Statland, Tøttdalen, and Sverkmoen.

The 2,132-square-kilometre (823 sq mi) municipality is the 30th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Namsos Municipality is the 82nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 15,083. The municipality's population density is 7.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.1% over the previous 10-year period.

The town of Namsos has a swimming pool, Oasen, built inside a mountain.
Calamaria lovii
Calamaria lovii, also known commonly as Lovi's reed snake, Low's reed snake, and Lowi's reed snake, is a species of snake in the subfamily Calamariinae of the family, Colubridae. The species is native to Southeast Asia. There are four recognized subspecies.

Robert F. Inger
Robert Frederick Inger (September 10, 1920 – April 12, 2019) was an American herpetologist.  During his lifetime, he wrote numerous books and publications about herpetology.  He was also the curator for amphibians and reptiles at the Field Museum in Chicago, Illinois.
2018 United States Senate special election in Minnesota
The 2018 United States Senate special election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2018, to elect a United States senator from Minnesota to replace incumbent Democratic senator Al Franken until the regular expiration of the term on January 3, 2021. Facing multiple accusations of sexual misconduct, Franken announced on December 7, 2017, that he would resign effective January 2, 2018. Governor Mark Dayton appointed Franken's successor, Tina Smith, on December 13, 2017, and she ran in the special election. This election coincided with a regularly scheduled U.S. Senate election for the Class 1 Senate seat, U.S. House elections, a gubernatorial election, State House elections, and other elections.

The candidate filing deadline was June 5, 2018, and the primary election was held on August 14, 2018. Smith won the Democratic primary and defeated Republican nominee Karin Housley in the general election.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
1888 Open Championship
The 1888 Open Championship was the 28th Open Championship, held 6 October at the Old Course at St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. Jack Burns won the Championship by a stroke from David Anderson Jr. and Ben Sayers.

Willie Campbell led after 18 holes for the third successive year and was the leader on 84 with Sayers on 85 and a group of four players on 86.

In the afternoon Sayers, in the first group, scored 87 and took an early lead on 172. Campbell made a number of mistakes and scored 90 for a total of 174. Sayers was then joined on 172 by David Anderson. Playing a few groups behind, Burns scored an 85 and took the lead on 171, a score none of the later players could match.

Burns's score for his first round had originally been added up to 87 but a Royal and Ancient Golf Club member noticed that it was added up incorrectly and the total was adjusted to 86, making Burns the champion.

Old Course at St Andrews
The Old Course at St Andrews, also known as the Old Lady or the Grand Old Lady, is considered the oldest golf course in the world. It is a public course over common land in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, and is held in trust by the St Andrews Links Trust under an act of Parliament. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews clubhouse sits adjacent to the first tee, although it is but one of many clubs (St Andrews Golf Club, the New Golf Club, St Regulus Ladies Golf Club and the St Rule Club are the others with clubhouses) that have playing privileges on the course, along with some other non-clubhouse owning golf clubs and the general public. Originally known as the "golfing grounds" of St Andrews, it was not until the New Course was opened in 1895 that it became known as the Old Course.
Webb Subglacial Trench
Webb Subglacial Trench (70°0′S 146°0′E﻿ / ﻿70.000°S 146.000°E﻿ / -70.000; 146.000) is a subglacial trench in the northwest part of Wilkes Subglacial Basin, to the west of Southern Cross Subglacial Highlands, in East Antarctica. The feature was delineated by the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI)-National Science Foundation (NSF)-Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne radio echo sounding program, 1967–79, and named after Eric Webb (1890–1984), magnetician with the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-14 (Sir Douglas Mawson).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Webb Subglacial Trench". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Wilkes Basin
The Wilkes Basin is a large subglacial basin situated generally southward of George V Coast and westward of Prince Albert Mountains in East Antarctica. The feature is approximately 1400 km long and 400 km wide. The Wilkes Basin is considered to be the largest marine-based drainage basin in East Antarctica, and may be in a state of marine ice sheet instability, caused by warm water intrusion into the shelf cavities.
N-slit interferometric equation
Quantum mechanics was first applied to optics, and interference in particular, by Paul Dirac. Richard Feynman, in his Lectures on Physics, uses Dirac's notation to describe thought experiments on double-slit interference of electrons. Feynman's approach was extended to N-slit interferometers for either single-photon illumination, or narrow-linewidth laser illumination, that is, illumination by indistinguishable photons, by Frank Duarte. The N-slit interferometer was first applied in the generation and measurement of complex interference patterns.

In this article the generalized N-slit interferometric equation, derived via Dirac's notation, is described. Although originally derived to reproduce and predict N-slit interferograms, this equation also has applications to other areas of optics.

Laser communication in space
Laser communication in space is the use of free-space optical communication in outer space. Communication may be fully in space (an inter-satellite laser link) or in a ground-to-satellite or satellite-to-ground application. The main advantage of using laser communications over radio waves is increased bandwidth, enabling the transfer of more data in less time.

In outer space, the communication range of free-space optical communication is currently of the order of hundreds of thousands of kilometers. Laser-based optical communication has been demonstrated between the Earth and Moon and it has the potential to bridge interplanetary distances of millions of kilometers, using optical telescopes as beam expanders.
Macitentan/tadalafil
Macitentan/tadalafil, sold under the brand name Opsynvi, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It contains macitentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA); and tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor.

Macitentan/tadalafil was approved for medical use in Canada in October 2021, in the United States in March 2024, and in the European Union in September 2024.

PDE5 inhibitor
A phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 inhibitor) is a vasodilating drug that works by blocking the degradative action of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) on cyclic GMP in the smooth muscle cells lining the blood vessels supplying various tissues. These drugs dilate the corpora cavernosa of the penis, facilitating erection with sexual stimulation, and are used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Sildenafil was the first effective oral treatment available for ED. Because PDE5 is also present in the smooth muscle of the walls of the arterioles within the lungs, two PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and tadalafil, are FDA-approved for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. As of 2019, the wider cardiovascular benefits of PDE5 inhibitors are being appreciated.
Ali Khan Zahir od-Dowleh
Ali Khan Zahir od-Dowleh (Persian: علی‌خان ظهیرالدوله; 29 August 1864 – 1924) was an Iranian politician and scholar. A member of the Davalu clan of the Qajar tribe, he was the son of Mohammad Naser Khan Zahir od-Dowleh.

Qajar (tribe)
The Qajars (Persian: ایل قاجار, romanized: Il-e Ǧâjâr; Azerbaijani: قاجارلار, romanized: Qacarlar) are a clan of the Bayat tribe of the Oghuz Turks who lived variously, with other tribes, in the area that is now Armenia, Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran.

By the end of the Safavid era, the Qajars had split into several factions. These included the Ziyādoghlu (Ziādlu), associated with the area of Ganja and Yerevan, as well as the Qoyunlu (Qāvānlu), and Davālu (Devehlu) the latter two associated with the northern areas of contemporary Iran. In 1796, Agha Mohammad Khan, a Qajar chief of the Qoyunlu branch, was crowned Shah of Iran, founding the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran until 1925.
Jack Swanson
Jack Swanson (born March 29, 1992) is an American operatic tenor with a high lyric voice, who specializes in bel canto roles in operas by composers such as Rossini and Donizetti. He has appeared at major international opera houses, including New York's Metropolitan Opera, the Vienna State Opera, the Hamburg State Opera, and Lyric Opera of Chicago.

Los Angeles Opera
The Los Angeles Opera, originally called the  Los Angeles Music Center Opera and now styling itself as LA Opera, is an American opera company in Los Angeles, California. It is the fourth-largest opera company in the United States. The company's home base is the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, part of the Los Angeles Music Center.
Máximo Inocencio
Máximo F. Inocencio (18 November 1833-12 September 1896) was a Filipino architect and businessman involved in construction, shipping, trade and lumber. He figured in the 1872 Cavite mutiny and was a financial supporter of the Philippine Revolution, leading to his execution by the Spaniards in 1896. Consequently, he and the other Filipinos executed came to be known as the Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite.

Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite
The Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite (Filipino: Labintatlong Martir ng Kabite; Spanish: Trece Mártires de Cavite) were Filipino patriots in Cavite, Philippines who were executed by firing squad on September 12, 1896, for cooperating with the Katipunan during the Philippine Revolution against Spain. The de facto capital city of Trece Martires in Cavite is named after them.
1965 National Soccer League season
The 1965 National Soccer League season was the forty-second season under the National Soccer League (NSL) name. The season began in early May and concluded in late October with Toronto Hakoah claiming their first NSL Championship by defeating reigning champions Toronto Ukrainia. Ukrainia successfully defended their regular-season title by finishing first in the standings.

The league became once more restricted within the province of Ontario as both Montreal Cantalia, and Montreal Ukrainians departed. Despite the loss of the Montreal franchises, the league expanded beyond the Greater Toronto Area, and into the Northern Ontario, Kitchener-Waterloo, and Windsor markets.

Montreal Ukrainians
Montreal Ukrainians (Sports Association Montreal Ukrainians, Ukrainian: СТ (Спортове Товариство) «Україна» (Монреаль), romanized: ST (Sportove Tovarystvo) "Ukraina" (Monreal)) is a Canadian soccer team based in Montreal. The club was founded by Ukrainians that had settled in Montreal after the Second World War.
Wyman Park, Baltimore
The community of Wyman Park is a border community that links Hampden to Roland Park. All of the Wyman Park areas were annexed to Baltimore City in 1888. The general boundaries consist of the area from south to north between 33rd Street and 40th Streets and west to east from Keswick Road to Wyman Park, which includes the southern portion of the Stony Run Trail. South of 40th Street, garden apartments, multi-story apartment buildings, and single-family residences have been built. People here tend to relate to the north along 40th Street and University Parkway and Johns Hopkins University.

Roland Park, Baltimore
Roland Park is a community in Baltimore, Maryland. It was developed between 1890 and 1920 as an upper-class streetcar suburb.  The early phases of the neighborhood were designed by Edward Bouton and Frederick Law Olmsted Jr.
Fatezhsky Uyezd
Fatezhsky Uyezd (Фате́жский уе́зд) was one of the subdivisions of the Kursk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Fatezh.

Fatezh
Fatezh (Russian: Фате́ж) is a town and the administrative center of Fatezhsky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Usozha River 45 kilometers (28 mi) north of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 4,691 (2021 census); 5,404 (2010 census); 5,710 (2002 census); 5,712 (1989 Soviet census). 4,959 (1897).
Heera Bhai
Heera Bhai (25 December 1922 – 25 December 1995) was an Indian politician from Janata Dal. He was a member of 6th Lok Sabha and 9th Lok Sabha from Banswara constituency in Rajasthan. He started his political career in 1957 when he was elected to Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. In 1960 he was elected as first mayor of  Agra Municipal Corporation . Bhai died on 25 December 1995.

9th Lok Sabha
The 9th Lok Sabha (2 December 1989 – 13 March 1991) was elected during elections in 22–26 November 1989. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. Twelve sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 9th Lok Sabha after the 1989 Indian general election.

Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the Prime Minister from 2 December 1989 to 10 November 1990 with the help of the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Left Parties. INC loses 207 seats as compared to previous 8th Lok Sabha after the 1984 Indian general election

Later Chandra Shekhar became Prime Minister from 10 November 1990 to 21 June 1991 with outside support from Indian National Congress under Rajiv Gandhi.

The next 10th Lok Sabha was formed on 20 June 1991 after the 1991 Indian general election.
Arawn
In Welsh mythology, Arawn (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈarau̯n]) was the king of the otherworld realm of Annwn who appears prominently in the first branch of the Mabinogi, and alluded to in the fourth. In later tradition, the role of the king of Annwn was largely attributed to the Welsh psychopomp, Gwyn ap Nudd - meaning "white" (i.e. 'winter') a possible kenning for his true name. However, Arawn's memory is retained in a traditional saying found in an old Cardigan folktale:

Hir yw'r dydd  a hir yw'r nos, a hir yw aros Arawn  "Long is the day and long is the night, and long is the waiting of Arawn"

The name Arawn is derived from that of the biblical prophet Aaron.

Arawn's association with the hunt, hornes and the Otherworld has prompted some scholars to associate Arawn with the continental Gaulish god Cernunnos.

Gwyn ap Nudd
Gwyn ap Nudd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈɡwɨn ap ˈnɨːð], sometimes found with the antiquated spelling Gwynn ap Nudd) is a Welsh mythological figure, the king of the Tylwyth Teg or "fair folk" and ruler of the Welsh Otherworld, Annwn, and whose name means “Gwyn, son of Nudd”. Described later on as a great warrior with a "blackened face", Gwyn is intimately associated with the otherworld in medieval Welsh literature, and is associated with the international tradition of the Wild Hunt.
Daf-5
Daf-5 is an ortholog of the mammalian protein Sno/Ski，which present in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans on the downstream of TGFβ signaling pathway. Without daf-7 signal, daf-5 combined with daf-3, co-SMAD for C. elegans, to form a heterodimer and started dauer development.

Daf-7
The DAF-7 gene encodes for the ortholog of GDF11, a ligand of TGF-beta signaling pathway, in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans. When binds to the complex of type II receptor Daf-4 and type I receptor Daf-1, this receptor protein serine/threonine kinase will phosphorylation activate the Smad Protein Daf-8/14.
Nuthampstead
Nuthampstead is a small village and civil parish in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies 5 miles (8 km) south-east of the town of Royston, and adjoins the border with Essex. The parish had a population of 141 at the 2021 census.

Royston, Hertfordshire
Royston is a town and civil parish in the District of North Hertfordshire and county of Hertfordshire in England.

It is situated on the Greenwich Meridian, which brushes the town's eastern boundary, and at the northernmost apex of the county on the same latitude as towns such as Milton Keynes and Ipswich.  It is about 43 miles (69 km) north of central London in a rural area.

Until 1896, the boundary between Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire ran east–west through the centre of town along the middle of Baldock Street and Melbourn Street. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 17,444.