hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anthony Buxton
Anthony Buxton DSO DL JP (2 September 1881 – 9 August 1970) was a British Army officer and author. He was the youngest son of Edward North Buxton.  He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge.  In 1910 he was involved in the infamous Dreadnought hoax by the Bloomsbury Group.

During the First World War he served as an officer in the Essex Yeomanry, was wounded, mentioned in dispatches, and was awarded the DSO in 1916. He was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Essex in 1920. He married a Scotswoman, Mary Philomena (née Constable Maxwell) in 1926.  They had a son and three daughters.  She died in 1953 He lived at Horsey Hall in Norfolk.  He was High Sheriff of Norfolk in 1945.

His publications include:

Sport in Peace and War

Sporting Interludes at Geneva, 1932

Fisherman Naturalist, 1946

Travelling Naturalist, 1948

Happy Year, 1950

Plus contributions to reviews and newspapers

Edward Buxton (conservationist)
Edward North Buxton (1 September 1840 – 9 January 1924) was a British conservationist and Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 to 1886. He was also an alpine climber, with significant first or second ascents in the 1860s, including the Aiguille de Bionnassay, Piz Palu and the first traverse of Lyskamm.
The Hsu-nami
The Hsu-nami is an American progressive rock band from the United States. The Hsu-nami, named after the frontman Jack Hsu, became known as the first "Progressive Erhu Rock" band in the world.

The Hsu-nami integrates an amplified "erhu", a two-string spike fiddle used in Chinese classical and folk music, into an instrumental progressive rock sound.

Ramapo College
Ramapo College of New Jersey (RCNJ) is a public liberal arts college in Mahwah, New Jersey. It is part of New Jersey's public system of higher education. As of the fall 2021 semester, there were a total of 5,732 students enrolled at the college, including 576 graduate students and 11 doctorate students. The school has a "somewhat selective" acceptance rate.
Eugene Daniel
Eugene Daniel Jr. (born May 4, 1961) is an American former professional football cornerback who played 14 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Indianapolis Colts  and Baltimore Ravens from 1984 to 1997. Daniel attended Louisiana State University. He was selected by the Colts in the eighth round of the 1984 NFL draft. In 1985, Daniel tied Albert Lewis of the Kansas City Chiefs for the AFC lead in interceptions, with 8. In 1995, Daniel recorded the longest interception return in Colts history, scoring on a 97-yard interception against the New York Jets. During his 12 years with the Indianapolis Colts, Daniel was a fan favorite and held many franchise longevity records since surpassed by quarterback Peyton Manning.

Albert Lewis (American football)
Albert Ray Lewis (born October 6, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Kansas City Chiefs and the Los Angeles/Oakland Raiders. He played college football for the Grambling State Tigers.
1996 Speedway Grand Prix of Great Britain
The 1996 Speedway Grand Prix of Great Britain was the fifth race of the 1996 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 31 August in the London Stadium in London, Great Britain It was the second Swedish SGP and was won by Australian rider Jason Crump, being the first win of his career.

1996 Speedway Grand Prix
The 1996 Speedway Grand Prix was the 51st edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider. It was the second season in the Speedway Grand Prix era and was used to determine the Speedway World Champion.

The world title was won by Billy Hamill; it was his first and only World Champion title. Defending champion Hans Nielsen was set to win his fifth world crown with a nine-point lead going into the last of the six events at Vojens. However Hamill won the event gaining 25 points and Nielsen only managed 14 points leaving the Dane two points behind the American in the final standings.
Ardwick
Ardwick is an area of Manchester, England, one mile (1.5 kilometres) southeast of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 19,250.

Historically in Lancashire, by the mid-nineteenth century Ardwick had grown from being a village into a pleasant and wealthy suburb of Manchester, but by the end of that century became heavily industrialised.  When its industries fell into decline so did Ardwick, becoming one of the city's most deprived areas. Substantial development has since taken place, including the construction of facilities for the 2002 Commonwealth Games at the nearby City of Manchester Stadium.

In the late nineteenth century, Ardwick had many places of entertainment, but the only remnant of that today is the Art Deco-style Manchester Apollo, a venue for pop and rock music concerts.

Hattersley
Hattersley is a housing estate in the Tameside district of Greater Manchester, England, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Hyde, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Glossop and 10 miles (16 km) east of Manchester, at the eastern terminus of the M67. The estate had a population of 6,960 at the 2021 census. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. The area was developed as a large overspill estate by Manchester City Council from the 1960s onwards.
Magnetic flux
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.  It is usually denoted Φ or ΦB. The SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (Wb; in derived units, volt–seconds or V⋅s), and the CGS unit is the maxwell. Magnetic flux is usually measured with a fluxmeter, which contains measuring coils, and it calculates the magnetic flux from the change of voltage on the coils.

Surface (topology)
In topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solid figures; for example, the sphere is the boundary of the solid ball. Other surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to any ambient space. For example, the Klein bottle is a surface that cannot be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space.

Topological surfaces are sometimes equipped with additional information, such as a Riemannian metric or a complex structure, that connects them to other disciplines within mathematics, such as differential geometry and complex analysis. The various mathematical notions of surface can be used to model surfaces in the physical world.
Pulaski's Legion
Pulaski's Legion was a cavalry and infantry regiment raised on March 28, 1778 at Baltimore, Maryland under the command of Polish-born General Casimir Pulaski and Hungarian nobleman Michael Kovats de Fabriczy for their service with the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The Legion consisted of one troop of lancers, two troops of dragoons, and 200 light infantry soldiers. It was one of the few cavalry regiments in the Continental Army.

According to the latest research, the Pulaski banner, which symbolised the Legion, was inspired by the colours of the Hungarian national flag (red, white and green) in use since the early 17th century, and was created by the Moravian Lutheran Sisters according to the instructions of Michael Kovats in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in early 1778. The flag embedded cultural history elements reflecting the close Hungarian-Polish friendship and interstate relations back to the centuries.

Dragoon
Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat with swords and firearms from horseback. While their use goes back to the late 16th century, dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the 17th and early 18th centuries; they provided greater mobility than regular infantry but were far less expensive than cavalry.

The name reputedly derives from a type of firearm, called a dragon, which was a handgun version of a blunderbuss, carried by dragoons of the French Army. The title has been retained in modern times by a number of armoured or ceremonial mounted regiments.
Dynamite Kid
Thomas Billington (5 December 1958 – 5 December 2018), best known by the ring name the Dynamite Kid, was a British professional wrestler.

Trained by former wrestler "Dr Death" Ted Betley, he competed in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), Stampede Wrestling, All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). With his cousin Davey Boy Smith, he was also known for being one half of the tag team The British Bulldogs.

He had notable feuds with Tiger Mask in Japan and Bret Hart in Canada.

Billington is considered by many, including Bret Hart, to have been one of wrestling's most influential in-ring performers, having increased the level of athleticism involved in the art, bringing together styles from Britain, Mexico, Canada and Japan.

British Welterweight Championship
The British Welterweight Championship is the welterweight professional wrestling championship competed for throughout the British wrestling circuit.

The championship was recognised and defended on matches screened by UK national television network ITV as part of the professional wrestling slot on World of Sport as well as standalone broadcasts.  Pre-publicity for these championship match broadcasts was given in ITV's nationally published listings magazine TVTimes
Alwand Dam Lake
Alwand Dam Lake is an Iraqi lake located in Khanaqin City in Diyala in eastern Iraq. The lake was formed after the construction of the Alwand Dam and the surrounding lands, which lie southeast of Diyala up to the international border with the Republic of Iran.

Khanaqin
Khanaqin (Arabic: خانقين; Kurdish: خانەقین, romanized: Xaneqîn) is the central city of Khanaqin District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, near the Iranian border (8 km) on the Alwand tributary of the Diyala River. The town is populated by Kurds who speak the Southern Kurdish dialect. Khanaqin is situated on the main road which Shia pilgrims use when visiting holy Islamic cities. The city is rich in oil, and the first Iraqi oil refinery and oil pipeline was built nearby in 1927. The main tribes of Khanaqin include Kalhor, Feyli, Zand, Malekshahi Suramiri, Arkavazi and Zangana.

The city experienced Arabization during the Saddam era, but this has been substantially reversed after the fall of the regime in 2003 and remains disputed.
Alysheba
Alysheba (March 3, 1984 – March 27, 2009) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse that won two legs of the Triple Crown in 1987.  A successful sire, he produced 11 stakes winners.

A bay colt, Alysheba was sired by Alydar out of the mare Bel Sheba, by Lt. Stevens. He was bred by Preston Madden at Hamburg Place Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, and was sold as a yearling to Dorothy and Pam Scharbauer for $500,000.

Trained by Jack Van Berg,  Alysheba had a modest two-year-old season in 1986, and won only a maiden race. He finished third in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile, and lost the Hollywood Futurity in a photo finish. As a three-year-old, he underperformed in his preparatory races for the Kentucky Derby until it was discovered that he had an entrapped epiglottis. Surgery was successful, and he was entered in the Derby despite having only a maiden victory.

Monmouth Park Racetrack
Monmouth Park Racetrack is an American race track for thoroughbred horse racing in Oceanport, New Jersey, United States. It is owned by the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority and is operated under a five-year lease as a partnership with Darby Development, LLC.

Monmouth Park's marquee event is the Haskell Invitational, named after Amory L. Haskell. The Haskell was first run in 1968 as a handicap, but was made into an Invitational Handicap in 1981. It is now a 1+1⁄8 mi (1.8 km) test for three-year-olds run in late July. Monmouth Park also now showcases the Jersey Derby originally run at Garden State Park until its closure in 2001. The racetrack's season spans from early May to Labor Day in early September.
Okazaki, Aichi
Okazaki (岡崎市, Okazaki-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [o.kaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ka.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.ɕi, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.ɕi], locally [o.ka.(d)za.kʲi]) is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 386,999 in 164,087 households, and a population density of 999 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 387.20 km2 (149.50 sq mi).

Japan Agricultural Cooperatives
Japan Agricultural Cooperatives (農業協同組合, Nōgyō Kyōdō Kumiai), also known as Nōkyō (農協) or JA Group, refers to the national group of 694 regional co-ops in Japan that supply members with input for production, undertake packaging, transportation, and marketing of agricultural products, and provide financial services. As of 2012, there are 4.6 million official members and 5.4 million associate members in JA. While "JA" refers to co-ops that operate in respective municipalities, the "JA Group" includes administrative bodies that supervise regional co-ops across several prefectures, run wholesale business in food products and production inputs across municipal and prefectural borders (Zen-Noh), manage credit unions (Norinchukin Bank), offer insurance (JA Kyosai), and a national headquarters that controls the entire group and manages government relations (JA Zenchu). "JA" and "JA Group" are often used interchangeably (as will be hereafter).
Cast stone
Cast stone or reconstructed stone is a refined artificial stone, a form of precast concrete. It is used as a building material to simulate natural-cut masonry in architectural features such as facings and trim; for statuary; and for garden ornaments. It may replace natural building stones including limestone, brownstone, sandstone, bluestone, granite, slate, and travertine. Cast stone can be made from white or grey cements, manufactured or natural sands, crushed stone or natural gravels, and can be coloured with mineral colouring pigments. It is cheaper and more uniform than natural stone, and allows transporting the bulk materials and casting near the place of use, which is cheaper than transporting and carving very large pieces of stone.

Bluestone
Bluestone is a cultural or commercial name for a number of natural dimension or building stone varieties, including:

basalt in Victoria, Australia, and in New Zealand

dolerites in Tasmania, Australia; and in Britain (including Stonehenge)

feldspathic sandstone in the US and Canada

limestone in the Shenandoah Valley in the US, from the Hainaut quarries in Soignies, Belgium, and from quarries in County Carlow, County Galway and County Kilkenny in Ireland

slate in South Australia

It is unrelated to human-made blue brick.
Bowning
Bowning is a small town in the South West Slopes, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) west of Yass on the Hume Highway in Yass Valley Shire. Bowning is an aboriginal word meaning 'big hill'. At the 2016 census, Bowning and the surrounding area had a population of 573.

Nearby Bowning Hill is 796 metres (2,612 ft) AHD and Hume and Hovell mentioned it in their 1824 journal.  Bowning was one of the earliest settlements in the district.

Historic buildings include the Troopers Cottage on the Binalong Road and the old Cobb and Co Coaching Station in Bogolong Street.  The coaching station was built sometime between 1850 and 1870. The original local school was amongst the earliest established schools in inland New South Wales, founded in 1849, but now replaced.

Yass Valley Council
Yass Valley Council is a local government area in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is located adjacent to the Hume and Barton Highways and the Main Southern railway line.

The Shire includes the towns, and extensive rural and residential areas of:

It also includes the localities of:

The Yass Shire was proclaimed on 1 January 1980 following the amalgamation of Goodradigbee Shire and the Municipality of Yass. Yass Shire in turn was dissolved and merged into the Yass Valley Council on 11 February 2004, following a further amalgamation of Yass Shire and parts of Gunning and Yarrowlumla Shires.

The mayor of Yass Valley Council is Cr. Allan McGrath.
Jaenimonas drosophilae
Jaenimonas drosophilae is a trypanosomatid parasite of mushroom-feeding flies, first characterized in Drosophila neotestacea and Drosophila falleni. Jaenimonas takes up residence in the gut of the fly, and infection leads to reduced fecundity of its fly host. The species is named for John Jaenike, a prominent ecologist and evolutionary biologist whose work on mushroom-feeding flies laid the foundation for studies on mycophagous Drosophila.

Of note, Jaenimonas is the only identified trypanosomatid parasite of a Drosophila species, and can facilitate study of insect-trypanosome infection dynamics; Drosophila have powerful genetic tools, and many trypanosomes are vectored by insects and are responsible for diseases such as African sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, and Leishmaniasis. Additionally, Crithidia trypanosomes are important parasites of Bumblebees implicated in colony collapse disorder.

Crithidia
Crithidia is a genus of trypanosomatid Euglenozoa. They are parasites that exclusively parasitise arthropods, mainly insects. They pass from host to host as cysts in infective faeces and typically, the parasites develop in the digestive tracts of insects and interact with the intestinal epithelium using their flagellum. They display very low host-specificity and a single parasite can infect a large range of invertebrate hosts. At different points in its life-cycle, it passes through amastigote, promastigote, and epimastigote phases; the last is particularly characteristic, and similar stages in other trypanosomes are often called crithidial.

The etymology of the genus name Crithidia derives from the Ancient Greek word κριθίδιον (krithídion), meaning "small grain of barley".
Saline River (Kansas)
The Saline River is a 397-mile-long (639 km) tributary of the Smoky Hill River in the central Great Plains of North America. The entire length of the river lies in the U.S. state of Kansas in the northwest part of the state. Its name comes from the French translation of its Native name Ne Miskua, referring to its salty content.

Thomas County, Kansas
Thomas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat is Colby.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 7,930.  The county was named after George Thomas, a Union general during the Civil War.
Khemradj Kanhai
Khemradj Kanhai (4 June 1912 – 26 November 1988) was a Surinamese politician of the VHP.

Kanhai was born in Paramaribo. He studied bookkeeping, but failed his examination. He proceeded to work as a shop assistant at Sauwma, and later he became active in wholesale and retail. Kanhai was also a board member of the Chamber of Commerce and Factories.

Kanhai was also active in politics as a board member of the 'Hindu Party' that merged in 1949 into the VHP of which he became the treasurer. At the 1951 Surinamese general election the two seats of the Estates of Suriname for the district Nickerie went to the VHP members Oedayrajsing Varma and Kanhai. Both were re-elected in 1955, but at the election in 1958 the VHP candidates Rambaran Mishre and Kanhai in that district lost to the NOP candidates Poetoe and Kolhoe.

In 1974, a year before Suriname became independent, he moved to Amsterdam where he died in 1988 at the age of 76.

Jan Kolhoe
Johan Somaroe (Jan) Kolhoe (c. 1918–2003/04) was a member of the Estates of Suriname in the 1950s and 1960s.

Kolhoe attended the Paulus school and then embarked on a career in education. From 1941 to 1950 he was a teacher in Curaçao and after that he was a school principal in the district of Nickerie. At the 1955 Surinamese general election he was a shadow candidate for the VHP and three years later the two seats in the Estates of Suriname for the Nickerie district went to the NOP members Poetoe and Kolhoe. At the 1963 elections, he unsuccessfully ran for Action Front in the Saramacca district and in 1973 the same happened when he was an NPS candidate at that district. Kolhoe became chief inspector of education after he retired. In 1974, Kolhoe was made knight in the Order of Orange Nassau.

Kolhoe died in 2003 or 2004.
Romblon, Romblon
Romblon, officially the Municipality of Romblon,  is a municipality and titular capital of the province of Romblon, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 39,004 people. The archipelagic municipality is the capital of the province of the same name and the seat of its provincial government. It includes Romblon Island as well as the nearby islands of Alad, Cobrador, and Logbon.

Romblon island is one of the three major islands of the province, aside from Sibuyan Island and Tablas Island. As the capital of the province, its natives mostly speak Romblomanon or Ini language. Romblon is known for its local marble industry and is the second biggest producer of the mineral in the country. It is also a tourist destination because of its unspoiled beaches and Spanish-era twin forts.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
Gerrit Keizer
Gerard Pieter "Gerrit" Keizer (8 August 1910 – 5 December 1980), also known as Gerard Keyser, was a Dutch footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Keizer was highly successful in Holland whilst playing with AFC Ajax. He was also the original "Flying Dutchman" at English side Arsenal, whom he helped to their first league title in English football.

1930 FA Charity Shield
The 1930 FA Charity Shield was the 17th FA Charity Shield, an annual football match.  It was played between Arsenal (1929–30 FA Cup winners) and Sheffield Wednesday (1929–30 Football League champions) at Stamford Bridge in London on 8 October 1930.  Arsenal won the match 2–1.
Self-Governance Union
The Self-Governance Union (Polish: Unia Samorządowa, US) was an nationwide electoral committee founded on the behalf of the Freedom Union for the 2002 Polish local elections. The committee was founded when the leadership of UW decided to start independently in the 2002 local elections. Its founding was consecutive to the dissolution of the "Electors' Committee Democratic "Community 2002"" operated by the Freedom Union, Social Movement and Conservative People's Party.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.