hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
12th New York State Legislature
The 12th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from December 11, 1788, to March 3, 1789, during the twelfth year of George Clinton's governorship, in Albany.

Cumberland County, New York
Cumberland County, New York, was a county in the Province of New York that became part of the Vermont Republic. It was divided out of  Albany County in 1766, and abandoned by the new State of New York in 1777 (defacto ceded to the Vermont Republic).

It became part of  Cumberland County, Vermont Republic,  on 17 March 1778, established by combining lands from Cumberland County, Province of New York, and  Gloucester County, Province of New York, previously ceded to the Republic.
Vasishtha Samhita
The Vasishtha Samhita (Sanskrit: वासिष्ठसंहिता, Vāsiṣṭha Saṁhitā, Vasishtha's Collection) is a 13th-century medieval Vaishnavite text, one of the first to describe non-seated hatha yoga asanas including the arm-balancing Kukkutasana, Cockerel Pose. It makes use of the 10th-century Vimanarcanakalpa, whose verse it paraphrases in prose to describe what may be the first non-seated asana, the arm-balancing Mayurasana, Peacock Pose. These descriptions in turn were exploited by the 15th century Hatha Yoga Pradipika.

The Vasishtha Samhita shares many verses with the Yoga Yajnavalkya, some of which originate in the earlier Padma Samhita.

The text, ascribed to the earlier sage Vasishtha, was compiled by an unknown author of the Vaishnavite Shakta sect. Its 45 chapters cover peace, name-chanting, offerings, sacrifices, astrology, and donation.

Hatha Yoga Pradipika
The Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā (Sanskrit: haṭhayogapradīpikā, हठयोगप्रदीपिका or Light on Hatha Yoga) is a classic fifteenth-century Sanskrit manual on haṭha yoga, written by Svātmārāma. In the text, Svātmārāma traces the lineage of the teachings to Matsyendranath of the Natha tradition. It is among the most influential surviving texts on haṭha yoga, being one of the three classic texts alongside the Gheranda Samhita and the Shiva Samhita.

More recently, eight works of early hatha yoga that may have contributed to the Hatha Yoga Pradipika have been identified.
Chaitanya Bhagavata
Śrī Caitanya-bhāgavata (Bengali: চৈতন্য ভাগবত) is a hagiography of Caitanya Mahāprabhu  written by Vrindavana Dasa Thakura (1507–1589 CE). It was the first full-length work regarding Chaitanya Mahaprabhu written in Bengali language and documents his early life and role as the founder of the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition. The text details Chaitanya's theological position as a combined Avatar of both Radha and Krishna within the belief of his close associates and followers. The writing of Chaitanya Bhagavata was commissioned by Nityananda, who was the guru of Vrindavana Dasa Thakura and close friend of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.

Vrindavan
Vrindavan (pronounced [ʋɾɪnˈdɑːʋən] ⓘ; IAST: Vṛndāvana), also spelt Vrindaban and Brindaban, is a historical city in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located in the Braj Bhoomi region and holds religious importance for Hindus, who believe that Krishna, one of the main Gods in Hinduism, spent most of his childhood in this city. Vrindavan has about 5,500 temples dedicated to the worship of Krishna and his chief consort, Radha. It is one of the most sacred places for Vaishnava traditions.

Vrindavan forms a part of the "Krishna pilgrimage circuit" under development by the Indian Ministry of Tourism. The circuit also includes Mathura, Barsana, Gokul, Govardhan, Kurukshetra, Dwarka and Puri.
2013 Presidents Cup
The 2013 Presidents Cup was held October 3–6 at Muirfield Village Golf Club in Dublin, Ohio, a suburb north of Columbus.  It was the tenth Presidents Cup competition and the sixth played in the United States.

The selection of Muirfield as the 2013 tournament site was taken as a tribute to golfing great Jack Nicklaus, who designed the course.  Nicklaus has said that his involvement as tournament host for the 2013 Presidents Cup "probably will be my last involvement in anything significant in the game of golf".  Muirfield was the third U.S. course to host the tournament, and the first course in the world to host Presidents Cup, Ryder Cup, and Solheim Cup international team competitions.

In May 2012, Fred Couples and Nick Price were named captains of the U.S. and International teams, respectively.

The United States won for the fifth successive time with an 181⁄2–151⁄2 victory over the International team.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Álvaro Colom
Álvaro Colom Caballeros (Spanish: [ˈalβaɾo koˈlon]; 15 June 1951 – 23 January 2023) was a Guatemalan engineer, businessman, and politician who served as the 47th president of Guatemala from 2008 to 2012, as well as the General-Secretary of the political party, National Unity of Hope (UNE).

President of Guatemala
The president of Guatemala (Spanish: Presidente de Guatemala), officially titled President of the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: Presidente de la República de Guatemala), is the head of state and head of government of Guatemala, elected to a single four-year term. The position of President was created in 1839.
Eco-Management and Audit Scheme
Eco-Management and Audit Scheme or Environmental Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is an international standard for environment management systems. It was developed in March 1993 by European Commission. The goal of the standard is to enable organizations to assess, manage and continuously improve their environmental performance. The standard was designed to fit into an integrated management system. The scheme is globally applicable and open to all types of private and public organizations. In order to register with EMAS, organisations must meet the requirements of the EMAS Regulation. Currently, more than 4,600 organisations and more than 7,900 sites are EMAS registered.

International standard
An international standard is a technical standard developed by one or more international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent such organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Other prominent international standards organizations including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Together, these three organizations have formed the World Standards Cooperation alliance.
Mica Peak Air Force Station
Mica Peak Air Force Station (ADC ID: SM-151, NORAD ID: Z-141) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station.  It is located atop Mica Peak, 6.3 miles (10.1 km) east-northeast of Mica, Washington.  It was closed in 1975 by the Air Force, and turned over to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

Today the site is part of the Joint Surveillance System (JSS), designated by NORAD as  Western Air Defense Sector (WADS) Ground Equipment Facility J-79.

AN/FPS-6 Radar
The AN/FPS-6 Radar was a long-range height finding radar used by the United States Air Force's Air Defense Command. The AN/FPS-6 radar was introduced into service in the late 1950s and served as the principal height-finder radar for the United States for several decades thereafter. It was also used by the Royal Air Force alongside their AMES Type 80s. Built by General Electric, the S-band radar operated on a frequency of 2700 to 2900 MHz. Between 1953 and 1960, about 450 units of the AN/FPS-6 and the mobile AN/MPS-14 version were produced. The AN/FPS-90 and AN/FPS-116 radars were identical to the AN/FPS-6 except for receiver modifications.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/FPS-6" designation represents the 6th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for fixed ground search radar. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.
Penmon
Penmon is a promontory, village and ecclesiastical parish on the eastern tip of the Isle of Anglesey in Wales, about 3 miles (4.8 km) east of the town of Beaumaris. It is in the community of Llangoed.  The name comes from Welsh: pen (which can mean "head", "end" or "promontory") and Môn, which is the Welsh name for Anglesey.  It is the site of a historic monastery and associated 12th-century church. Walls near the well next to the church may be part of the oldest remaining Christian building in Wales. Penmon also has an award-winning beach and the Anglesey Coastal Path follows its shores. Quarries in Penmon have provided stone for many important buildings and structures, including Birmingham Town Hall and the two bridges that cross the Menai Strait. The area is popular with locals and visitors alike for its monuments, tranquillity, bracing air and fine views of Snowdonia to the south across the Menai Strait.

Anglesey Coastal Path
The Anglesey Coastal Path (formally the Isle of Anglesey Coastal Path, Welsh: Llwybr Arfordirol Ynys Môn) is a 200-kilometre (124 mi) long-distance footpath around the island of Anglesey (Welsh: Ynys Môn) in North Wales. The route is part of the Wales Coast Path.
2021 Welsh Labour–Plaid Cymru agreement
In December 2021, the Welsh Labour government and Plaid Cymru signed a three-year co-operation agreement, where the two parties agreed to work together in 46 policy areas. The agreement was not a coalition or confidence and supply agreement; Plaid Cymru remained in opposition but appointed advisers to offices of the Welsh Government.

It was announced in November 2021, by the leaders of the two parties, Mark Drakeford, leader of Welsh Labour and First Minister, and Adam Price, leader of Plaid Cymru, following months of talks. The agreement was ratified by both parties, voted for by Plaid Cymru's party membership, but criticised by the Welsh Conservatives and some Welsh Labour representatives.

Plaid Cymru leader Rhun ap Iorwerth announced that he was ending the deal in May 2024, citing donations that First Minister Vaughan Gething had received during the initial 2024 Welsh Labour leadership election among the reasons for ending the agreement early.

Curriculum for Wales (2022–present)
The Curriculum for Wales (CfW) (Welsh: Cwricwlwm i Gymru) is the curriculum which is being introduced in state-funded education in Wales for pupils aged three to sixteen years. The curriculum's rollout began in 2022. Since September 2023, the Curriculum for Wales has been statutory for all pupils up to Year 9, with the roll-out continuing each year and reaching Year 11 in 2026-2027. And since September 2025 the first section of 'Made-for-Wales' GSCEs have been taught. The curriculum has been developed based on a report commissioned in 2014. Amongst other changes, it gives schools greater autonomy over what they teach children. Views on the curriculum have been varied.
Badaro
Badaro is a residential neighborhood and business hub in the heart of Beirut, Lebanon. The neighborhood is roughly bounded by the Pierre Gemayel avenue on the north, the Hippodrome on the west, Sami el Solh avenue on the east, Beirut's pine forest on the southeast, and the Tayyouneh roundabout on the south.
Badaro is the common name of Beirut's "Horsh" (park) administrative district, which also includes three parks: a75 acres (30 ha) pine forest known as Horsh Beirut, the Beirut Hippodrome and the Pine Residence, the French ambassador's residence.

National Museum of Beirut
The National Museum of Beirut (Arabic: متحف بيروت الوطنيّ, Matḥaf Bayrūt al-waṭanī) is the principal museum of archaeology in Lebanon. The collection begun after World War I, and the museum was officially opened in 1942. The museum has collections totaling about 100,000 objects, most of which are antiquities and medieval finds from excavations undertaken by the Directorate General of Antiquities.

During the 1975 Lebanese Civil War, the museum stood on the front line that separated the  warring factions. The museum's Egyptian Revival building and its collection suffered extensive damage in the war, but most of the artifacts were saved by  last-minute preemptive measures. Today, after a major renovation, the National Museum of Beirut has regained its former position, with about 1,300 artifacts exhibited ranging in date from prehistoric times to the medieval Mamluk period.
Pseudorhabdosynochus capurroi
Pseudorhabdosynochus capurroi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the Black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci. It was described by Vidal-Martínez and Mendoza-Franco in 1998 and redescribed successively by Yang, Gibson and Zeng in 2005 and by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015.

Pseudorhabdosynochus
Pseudorhabdosynochus is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Diplectanidae. The type-species of the genus is Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli (Yamaguti, 1938).

The genus includes more than 80 species, which are all parasitic on the gills of marine fish, especially groupers. Since groupers are mostly abundant in warm waters, species of Pseudorhabdosynochus are found in warm parts of the oceans, especially in coral reefs, but species have also been found in deep-sea groupers. Several species of Pseudorhabdosynochus are pathogens of maricultured groupers.
Hiroyuki Yamazaki
Hiroyuki Yamazaki (山崎 裕之, Yamazaki Hiroyuki; born December 22, 1946) is a Japanese former Nippon Professional Baseball second baseman and shortstop. He played for the Tokyo/Lotte Orions from 1965 until 1978 and the Seibu Lions from 1979 until his retirement in 1984.

Over his career, he won five Best Nine Awards and three Golden Glove Awards. He led the NPB in batting average twice and was an All-Star eleven times. With 2081 hits, he is a member of the Meikyukai and is ranked 37th in terms of NPB players by total career hits.

Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters
The Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters (北海道日本ハムファイターズ, Hokkaidō Nippon-Hamu Faitāzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team based in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaidō, in the Sapporo metropolitan area. They compete in the Pacific League of Nippon Professional Baseball, playing the majority of their home games at ES CON Field Hokkaido. The Fighters also host a select number of regional home games in cities across Hokkaidō, including Hakodate, Asahikawa, Kushiro, and Obihiro. The team's name comes from its parent organization, Nippon Ham, a major Japanese food-processing company.

Founded in 1946, the Fighters called Tokyo home for 58 years, as co-tenants of the Tokyo Dome and Korakuen Stadium with the Central League's Yomiuri Giants near the end of their tenure in the capital city. The franchise has won three Japan Series titles, in 1962, 2006, and, most recently, 2016.
Richard Shaw (artist)
Richard Shaw (born 1941 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is an American ceramicist and professor known for his trompe-l'œil (French for "fool the eye") style. A term often associated with paintings, referring to the illusion that a two-dimensional surface is three-dimensional. In Shaw's work, it refers to his replication of everyday objects (such as tin cans, playing cards, and cutlery) in porcelain. He then glazes these components and groups them in unexpected and even jarring combinations. Interested in how objects can reflect a person or identity, Shaw poses questions regarding the relationship between appearances and reality.

Museum of Arts and Design
The Museum of Arts and Design (MAD), based in Manhattan, New York City, collects, displays, and interprets objects that document contemporary and historic innovation in craft, art, and design. In its exhibitions and educational programs, the museum celebrates the creative process through which materials are crafted into works that enhance contemporary life.
Hanover Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania
Hanover Township is a township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of Hanover Township was 11,785 at the 2020 census.

Hanover Township is 7.7 miles (12.4 km) northeast of Allentown, 67.4 miles (108.5 km) north of Philadelphia, and 86.4 miles (139.0 km) west of New York City.  Hanover Township is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which has a population of 861,899 and is the 68th-most populated metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Retfala
Retfala (Hungarian: Rétfalu) is a city district in the western part of Osijek, Croatia. It has 14,123 inhabitants distributed in 5,200 households. It borders Gornji grad to the east, Tvrđavica to the northeast, Višnjevac to the west and Industrijska četvrt to the south.

Day of the city district is on 14 September, on Exaltation of the Holy Cross.

Its name in Hungarian literally means "village in meadow".

Gornji Grad, Osijek
Gornji Grad ("Upper Town") is a city district in the center of Osijek, Croatia. It has 16,520 inhabitants distributed in 6,210 households. It is the biggest and the most important district of Osijek. The most famous attractions of Osijek are located in Gornji Grad, such as Co-cathedral, Ante Starčević Square, Croatian National Theatre, County palace and Pedestrian bridge.

Day of the city district is on 29 June, on feast of Saint Peter and Paul.
2017 Arnold Palmer Cup
The 2017 Arnold Palmer Cup was a team golf competition held from June 9–11, 2017 at Atlanta Athletic Club in Johns Creek, Georgia, United States. The 21st playing of the Arnold Palmer Cup, it was the first since the death of namesake Arnold Palmer.

The score was level at 5 points each after the first day but the United States team won 9 of the 10 singles matches on the second day and halved the other. This gave them an overwhelming lead, needing just 1 point from 10 singles matches on the final day to win the match. The second set of singles was split 5–5, to give the United States a comfortable 19½–10½ victory in the match.

Arnold Palmer Cup
The Arnold Palmer Cup is an annual team golf competition for college/university golfers. It is named for Arnold Palmer. From 2018 it has been contested between a United States team and an International team representing the rest of the world. The teams consist of 12 men and 12 women. The teams are selected on the basis of nationality, not according to the location of the players' universities.

The 2025 event was held from June 5 to 7 at Congaree Golf Club, in Gillisonville, South Carolina.

The 2026 event will be held July 3 to 5 at Tralee Golf Club, in Ireland.
Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
August Victor Louis of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: August Viktor Ludwig; 13 June 1818 – 26 July 1881), was a German prince of the Catholic House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was a General Major in the Royal Saxon Army and the owner of Čábráď and Štiavnica, both in modern-day Slovakia.

Ernestine duchies
The Ernestine duchies (German: Ernestinische Herzogtümer), also known as the Saxon duchies (Sächsische Herzogtümer, although the Albertine appanage duchies of Weissenfels, Merseburg and Zeitz were also "Saxon duchies" and adjacent to several Ernestine ones), were a group of small states whose number varied, which were largely located in the present-day German state of Thuringia and governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.

In 1800, there were seven such duchies (two held in personal unions with others) that collectively totaled 7,693 square kilometers of territory and were populated by 445,000 inhabitants.
Countess of Powis
Countess of Powis is the title given to the wife of the Earl of Powis and has been held by a number of women, including:

Elizabeth Herbert, Marchioness of Powis (c.1634-1691)

Barbara Herbert, Countess of Powis (1735-1786)

Henrietta Clive, Countess of Powis (1755-1830)

Lucy Herbert, Countess of Powis (1793-1875)

Violet Herbert, Countess of Powis (1865-1929)

Henrietta Clive, Countess of Powis
Henrietta Antonia Clive, Countess of Powis (née Herbert; 3 September 1758 – 3 June 1830), was a British writer, mineral collector, and botanist. Her time in India, while her husband was Governor of Madras, was inspirational to her for all three of these pursuits.
2007 Open Championship
The 2007 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 136th Open Championship, played from 19–22 July at Carnoustie Golf Links in Scotland. Pádraig Harrington defeated Sergio García in a playoff to take the title and his first major championship.

A field of 156 players participated in the championship, and the purse was £4.2 million (an increase of £200,000 over 2006); the winner received £750,000 (an increase of £30,000 over 2006). Using conversion rates at the time of the tournament, the purse was €6,158,474 for the European Tour's Order of Merit rankings and US$8,637,720 for the PGA Tour's money list.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Parktown (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Parktown was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1915 to 1994. It covered parts of the inner northern suburbs of Johannesburg centred on the suburb of Parktown. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.