hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eleutherna
Eleutherna (Ancient Greek: Ἐλεύθερνα), also called Apollonia
(Ancient Greek: Ἀπολλωνία), was an ancient city-state  in Crete, Greece, which lies 25 km southeast of Rethymno in Rethymno regional unit. Archaeologists excavated  the site, located on a narrow northern spur of Mount Ida, the highest mountain in  Crete. The site is about 1 km south of modern town of Eleftherna, about 8 km north east of Moni Arkadiou, in the current municipality of Rethymno. It flourished from the Dark Ages of Greece's early history until Byzantine times.

365 Crete earthquake
The 365 Crete earthquake occurred at about sunrise on 21 July 365 in the Eastern Mediterranean, with an assumed epicentre near Crete. Geologists today estimate the undersea earthquake to have been a moment magnitude 8.5 or higher. It caused widespread destruction in the central and southern Diocese of Macedonia (modern Greece), Africa Proconsularis (northern Libya), Egypt, Cyprus, Sicily, and Hispania (Spain). On Crete, nearly all towns were destroyed.

The earthquake was followed by a tsunami which devastated the southern and eastern coasts of the Mediterranean, particularly Libya, Alexandria, and the Nile Delta, killing thousands and hurling ships 3 km (1.9 mi) inland. The quake left a deep impression on the late antique mind, and numerous writers of the time referred to the event in their works.
East Quantoxhead
East Quantoxhead is a village, 3 miles (5 km) from West Quantoxhead, 4 miles (6 km) east of Williton, and 13 miles (21 km) west of Bridgwater, within the Quantock Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Somerset, England.

Tide dial
A tide dial, also known as a mass dial or a scratch dial, is a sundial marked with the canonical hours rather than or in addition to the standard hours of daylight. Such sundials were particularly common between the 7th and 14th centuries in Europe, at which point they began to be replaced by mechanical clocks. There are more than 3,000 surviving tide dials in England and at least 1,500 in France.
Sonocatalysis
Sonocatalysis is a field of sonochemistry which is based on the use of ultrasound to change the reactivity of a catalyst in homogenous or heterogenous catalysis. It is generally used to support catalysis. This method of catalysis has been known since the creation of sonochemistry in 1927 by physicists Alfred Lee Loomis and Robert Williams Wood. Sonocatalysis depends on ultrasounds, which were discovered in 1794 by the Italian biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani.

Irradiation
Irradiation is the process by which an object is exposed to radiation. An irradiator is a device used to expose an object to radiation, most often gamma radiation, for a variety of purposes. Irradiators may be used for sterilizing medical and pharmaceutical supplies, preserving foodstuffs, alteration of gemstone colors, studying radiation effects, eradicating insects through sterile male release programs, or calibrating thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs).

The exposure can originate from various sources, including natural sources. Most frequently the term refers to ionizing radiation, and to a level of radiation that will serve a specific purpose, rather than radiation exposure to normal levels of background radiation. The term irradiation usually excludes the exposure to non-ionizing radiation, such as infrared, visible light, microwaves from cellular phones or electromagnetic waves emitted by radio and television receivers and power supplies.
Alice Liddell
Alice Pleasance Hargreaves (née Liddell, /ˈlɪdəl/; 4 May 1852 – 16 November 1934) was an English woman who, in her childhood, was an acquaintance and photographic subject of Lewis Carroll. One of the stories he told her during a boating trip became the classic 1865 children's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. She shared her name with "Alice", the story's protagonist, but scholars disagree about the extent to which the character was based upon her.

Karoline Leach
Karoline Leach (born 20 July 1967) is a British playwright and author, best known for her book In the Shadow of the Dreamchild (ISBN 0-7206-1044-3), which re-examines the life of Lewis Carroll (pseudonym of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson), the author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. This book and her subsequent work on what she terms the "Carroll Myth" have been major sources of upheaval and controversy in recent years and she has produced very polarized responses from Carroll scholars and lay enthusiasts.

Leach was born in Liverpool. She studied acting and worked as both actress and director in British theatre before becoming a writer.
Tilia johnsoni
Tilia johnsoni is an extinct species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae that, as a member of the genus Tilia, is related to modern lindens (called "limes" in Britain and "basswoods" in the US).  The species is known from fossil leaves found in the early Eocene deposits of northern Washington state, United States and a similar aged formation in British Columbia, Canada.

Tilia americana
Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae, native to eastern North America, from southeast Manitoba east to New Brunswick, southwest to northeast Oklahoma, southeast to South Carolina, and west along the Niobrara River to Cherry County, Nebraska. It is the sole representative of its genus in the Western Hemisphere, assuming T. caroliniana is treated as a subspecies or local ecotype of T. americana. Common names include American basswood and American linden.
Bartizan
A bartizan (an alteration of bratticing), also called a guerite, garita, or échauguette, or spelled bartisan, is an overhanging turret projecting from the walls of late-medieval and early-modern fortifications from the early 14th century up to the 18th century. Most frequently found at corners, they protected a warder and enabled him to see his surroundings. Bartizans are generally furnished with oillets or arrow slits. The turret was usually supported by stepped masonry corbels and could be round, polygonal or square.

Bartizans were incorporated into many notable examples of Scottish Baronial architecture. In the architecture of Aberdeen, the new Town House, built in 1868–74, incorporates bartizans in the West Tower.

Arrowslit
An arrowslit (often also referred to as an arrow loop, loophole or loop hole, and sometimes a balistraria) is a narrow vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows or a crossbowman can launch bolts.

The interior walls behind an arrow loop are often cut away at an oblique angle so that the archer has a wide field of view and field of fire. Arrow slits come in a variety of forms. A common one is the cross, accommodating the use of both the longbow and the crossbow. The narrow vertical aperture permits the archer large degrees of freedom to vary the elevation and direction of their bowshot but makes it difficult for attackers to harm the archer since there is only a small target at which to aim.

Balistraria, plural balistrariae (from balister, crossbowman), can often be found in the curtain walls of medieval battlements beneath the crenellations.
Quebec Route 201
Route 201 is a north/south provincial highway within the Canadian province of Quebec, running between Route 202 in Franklin (near the Canada–US border) and Route 342 in Rigaud. Its total length is approximately 70 kilometres.

Route 201 links Salaberry-de-Valleyfield with Autoroute 20 using the Monseigneur Langlois Bridge to cross the Saint Lawrence River. It is among the five primary or secondary highways to cross the river, the others being the 138, the 112, the 134, and the 175. It is also the only 200 series highway to be partly north of te river.

Quebec Route 134
Route 134 is a highway in the province of Quebec, running from Candiac on the South Shore of the Saint Lawrence River to Montreal, crossing the river on Jacques Cartier Bridge. On the South Shore, Route 134 is named Taschereau Boulevard (boulevard Taschereau), after the prominent Quebec family that included former premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau. From Jacques Cartier Bridge to the end of the highway at Sherbrooke Street (Quebec Route 138) in Montreal, the highway is a one-way pair formed by Papineau Avenue and De Lorimier Avenue.
2010 World Junior A Challenge
The 2010 World Junior A Challenge was an international Junior "A" ice hockey tournament hosted by Hockey Canada.  The 2010 World Junior A Challenge was hosted by Penticton, British Columbia, from November 8 to November 14, 2010 at the South Okanagan Events Centre.

South Okanagan Events Centre
The South Okanagan Events Centre is a 5,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Penticton, British Columbia, Canada. It is home to the Penticton Vees ice hockey team. The arena opened to the public in September 2008.

The centre hosted the 2018 Scotties Tournament of Hearts Canadian national women's curling championship from January 27 to February 4.
Rugby sevens at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's rugby sevens at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held at Stade de France, which also served as a host stadium of the 2023 Rugby World Cup. The tournament was played over three match days from 28 to 30 July 2024.

Rugby sevens at the 2024 Summer Olympics
The rugby sevens tournaments at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris took place from 24 to 30 July at Stade de France. Twenty-four teams (twelve each for men and women) competed against each other in their respective tournaments. For the first time, the rugby sevens matches commenced two days before the opening ceremony with the men's preliminary and quarterfinal stages. The competition took a break for the opening ceremony on 26 July before the medal-winning teams were officially unveiled a day later. The women's tournament was held from 28 to 30 July, culminating with the gold and bronze medal matches.
2012 Penza Cup
The 2012 Penza Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Penza, Russia between 16 and 22 July 2012.

2012 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2012 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and a total of 148 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Wembley Championships
The Wembley Championships was a men's professional tennis tournament held from 1934–1990 with some periods of inactivity in between and is often considered to be one of the three major professional tennis tournaments from 1927–1967 until the advent of the open era. Ken Rosewall's and Rod Laver's six singles titles are the record for this event. The tournament only had a men's draw.

It was first held in 1934 at the Empire Pool at Wembley Park, Wembley, north-west London. In 1968, it was titled the Jack Kramer Tournament of Champions. In 1970 it was the penultimate event on the Grand Prix Tennis Tour.

Grand Prix tennis circuit
The ITF Grand Prix Circuit  was a professional tennis tour for male players founded in 1970 as the ILTF Grand Prix Tennis Circuit  it was administered by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and ran annually until 1989 when it and the rival WCT Circuit were replaced by a single world wide ATP Tour.

The women's tour the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix Circuit ran from 1971 to 1976. It's events were absorbed to form the Colgate International Series.
Pekka Niemi (skier)
Juho Pekka Niemi (born Yliniemi, 14 November 1909 – 21 December 1993) was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed at the 1936 Winter Olympics. He won a bronze medal in the 18 km event and placed eighth over 50 km. His biggest success came at the 1937 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, where he won a complete set of medals: a gold in the 50 km, a silver in the 4 × 10 km relay and a bronze in the 18 km. He also won the 50 km race at the 1938 Holmenkollen ski festival.

Niemi won only one medal at the national championships, a silver in the 50 km in 1935. He retired soon after the 1939 World Championships, where he placed fifth over 50 km and sixth over 18 km. He was a forest manager by profession.

Holmenkollen Ski Festival
The Holmenkollen Ski Festival (Norwegian: Holmenkollen skifestival or Holmenkollrennene) is a traditional annual Nordic skiing event in Holmenkollen, Oslo, Norway. The full official name of the event is Holmenkollen FIS World Cup Nordic.
Sirhowy
Sirhowy (Welsh: Sirhywi) is a village in the Sirhowy Valley (Welsh: Glyn Sirhywi) and the county of Blaenau Gwent.

It is located 0.83 miles (1.34 km) north east of Tredegar, 1.44 miles (2.32 km) north west of Ebbw Vale, and 16.73 miles (26.92 km) north west of Newport. The A4048 runs near the village.

Welsh Labour
Welsh Labour (Welsh: Llafur Cymru), formerly known as the Labour Party in Wales (Welsh: Y Blaid Lafur yng Nghymru), is an autonomous section of the United Kingdom Labour Party in Wales and the largest party in the modern politics of Wales. Welsh Labour and its forebears have won a plurality of the Welsh vote at every United Kingdom general election since 1922, every National Assembly (now Senedd) election since 1999, and all elections to the European Parliament in the period 1979–2004 and in 2014. Welsh Labour holds 27 of the 32 Welsh seats in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, 29 of the 60 seats in the Welsh Senedd, and 576 of the 1,264 councillors in principal local authorities including overall control of 10 of the 22 principal local authorities.

It has longest winning streak of any political party in the world and has been described as "by some distance the democratic world's most successful election-winning machine".
Geranium, South Australia
Geranium is a town and locality in the Murray Mallee region of South Australia near the Mallee Highway. At the 2006 census, Geranium had a population of 240. It was surveyed in 1910 as the town supporting a station on the Pinnaroo railway line. The name is derived from a native plant prolific in the area.

Murray Mallee
The Murray Mallee is a grain-growing and sheep-farming area in the east of the Australian state of South Australia. The name is not formally designated but is widely used to refer to an area of approximately 20,000 square kilometres (7700 square miles) bounded by the River Murray on its northern and western sides, the Victorian border on its eastern side, and up to about 50 kilometres (30 miles) south of the Mallee Highway.

The formal designated name for approximately the same region is Murraylands.
Mawson Plateau
Mawson Plateau is a plateau located  on the pastoral lease of Mount Freeling, but within the Arkaroola Protection Area, in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. It lies around 140 kilometres (87 mi) east of Lyndhurst, and is adjacent to the northeastern boundary of Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary, which is also part of the Protection Area.

Yellow-footed rock-wallaby
The yellow-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus), formerly known as the ring-tailed rock-wallaby, is a member of the macropod family (the marsupial family that includes the kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, and wallaroos).
Kamysakty
The Kamysakty (Kazakh: Қамысақты; Russian: Камысакты) is a river in the Aiyrtau and Esil districts, North Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan. It is 106 kilometres (66 mi) long and has a catchment area of 1,800 square kilometres (690 sq mi).

Until 1865 the Kamysakty formed the uppermost stretch of the Kamyshlov, a former left tributary of the Irtysh. Its ancient valley can be traced by a residual chain of lakes for almost 500 kilometers (310 mi) all the way to the Irtysh. The river is currently part of the Ishim Water Management Basin.

North Kazakhstan Region
North Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan with a population of 522,171. Its capital is Petropavl, with a population of 221,907 people. It is the only region of Kazakhstan in which ethnic Kazakhs don't make up a majority.
Ravananugraha
Ravananugraha or Ravananugraha-murti ("form showing favour to Ravana") is a benevolent aspect of the Hindu god Shiva, depicted seated on his abode Mount Kailash with his consort Parvati, while the rakshasa-king (demon-king) Ravana of Lanka attempts to uproot it. According to Hindu scriptures, Ravana once tried to lift Mount Kailash, but Shiva pushed the mountain into place, and trapped Ravana beneath it. For a thousand years, the imprisoned Ravana sang hymns in praise of Shiva, who finally blessed him and granted him an invincible sword and a powerful linga (Shiva's aniconic symbol, Atmalinga) to worship. The theme is popular in Indian art and is found as early as the Gupta-Pallava era (300–600 CE).

Gana
The word gaṇa (Sanskrit: गण Sanskrit pronunciation: [ɡɐ.ɳɐ́]) in Sanskrit and Pali means "flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, category, series, or clan". It can also be used to refer to a "body of attendants" and can refer to "a company, any assemblage or association of men formed for the attainment of the same aims". The word "gana" can also refer to councils or assemblies convened to discuss matters of religion or other topics.

In Hinduism, the Gaṇas are attendants of Shiva and live on Mount Kailash. Ganesha was chosen as their leader by Shiva; the deity's title is gaṇeśa or gaṇapati, meaning, "lord or leader of the ganas". They are referred to as Shivaganas or Rudraganas and Rudraganikas are considered the female equivalents.
John Healy (bishop)
The Most Rev. Dr John Healy (1841–1918) was an Irish clergyman of the Catholic Church. He served as Lord Bishop of Clonfert from 1896 to 1903 and as Lord Archbishop of Tuam from 1903 to 1918.

Born on 2 January 1841 in Ballinafad, a village in the south of County Sligo in the west of Ireland, Healy was educated at Maynooth College, where he was ordained a priest in September  1867. He then served as a curate and parish priest in the Diocese of Elphin, before being offered two professorial chairs at Maynooth, those of Theology and Classics. He accepted the first and held it until 1883, when he became Prefect of Maynooth. He also edited The Irish Ecclesiastical Record in 1883.

Archbishop of Tuam
The Archbishop of Tuam (/ˈtjuːəm/ TEW-əm; Irish: Ard-Easpag Thuama) is an archbishop which takes its name after the town of Tuam in County Galway, Ireland. The title was used by the Church of Ireland until 1839, and is still in use by the Catholic Church.
Caliento, Manitoba
Caliento is a small, unorganized community in southeastern Manitoba in the Rural Municipality of Stuartburn, situated between the communities of Vita, Zhoda, and Sundown.

It is approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) from Winnipeg and around 45 kilometres (28 mi) from Emerson, Manitoba, at the Canada–US border. A post office was opened there c. 1912 on section 14-2-8E; Safron Stefiuk was the first postmaster. The origin of the name is not certain.

Sundown, Manitoba
Sundown is a small community in southeastern Manitoba. It is located in the Rural Municipality of Stuartburn on PR 201, halfway between the communities of Vita and Piney.

Sundown has two churches, and two community halls. The Ukrainian Catholic Church owns the church and hall on the east side of town while the Ukrainian Orthodox Church owns the church and hall on the west side of town.
Church of the Resurrection (Washington, D.C.)
The Church of the Resurrection (known colloquially as "Rez") is an Anglican parish in the Capitol Hill area of Washington, D.C. Planted in 2002, it owns and occupies a historic church building facing Marion Park. It is one of three surviving churches—alongside St. Luke's Episcopal Church and the Third Baptist Church—that were designed by Calvin T. S. Brent, generally considered to be Washington's first black architect.

Marion Park
Marion Park is a public park named after Revolutionary War leader Francis Marion also known as The Swamp Fox.
It is located at 4th Street, 6th Street, and E Street, Southeast, Washington, D.C., in the Capitol Hill neighborhood.  Locally, it is known informally as Turtle Park because of the large concrete turtle in its playground.
Tarkhinabad
Tarkhinabad (Persian: ترخين اباد, also Romanized as Tarkhīnābād; also known as Tarfīnābād and Tarkhisābad) is a village in Seyyed Jamal ol Din Rural District, in the Central District of Asadabad County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 695, in 184 families.

Seyyed Jamal ol Din Rural District
Seyyed Jamal ol Din Rural District (Persian: دهستان سيد جمال الدين) is in the Central District of Asadabad County, Hamadan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Vandarabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Jannatabad, now the city of Paliz.
Amy Robsart (play)
Amy Robsart is an 1828 historical tragedy by the French writer Victor Hugo. It is an adaptation of the 1821 novel Kenilworth by the British author Walter Scott. It takes place in Elizabethan England with many scenes set in Kenilworth Castle in Warwickshire. An earlier theatrical adaptation of the novel was written in 1821 Kenilworth while a later version Amy Robsart by Andrew Halliday premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in 1870.

It was Hugo's first play to be staged, but its first run in Paris closed after only one night. The costumes were designed by the artist Eugène Delacroix. The libretto of the 1829 opera Il castello di Kenilworth by Gaetano Donizetti, drew from Hugo's version of the story.

History (theatrical genre)
History is one of the three main genres in Western theatre alongside tragedy and comedy, although it originated, in its modern form, thousands of years later than the other primary genres. For this reason, it is often treated as a subset of tragedy.  A play in this genre is known as a history play and is based on a historical narrative, often set in the medieval or early modern past. History emerged as a distinct genre from tragedy in Renaissance England. The best known examples of the genre are the history plays written by William Shakespeare, whose plays still serve to define the genre. History plays also appear elsewhere in Western literature, such as Thomas Heywood's Edward IV, Schiller's Mary Stuart or the Dutch national poet Joost van den Vondel's play Gijsbrecht van Aemstel.
Hermesvilla
Hermesvilla is a palace in the Lainzer Tiergarten in Vienna, a former hunting area for the Habsburg nobility. Emperor Franz Joseph I gave it to his wife Empress Elisabeth (nicknamed "Sisi"), and he called it the "castle of dreams.“ The name of the villa refers to a statue of Hermes made of white marble that is located in the garden of the villa.  Today, the Hermesvilla is noted for its art and natural setting, and is used by the Vienna Museum for special exhibitions on cultural history.

Pleasure riding
Pleasure riding is a form of equestrianism that encompasses many forms of recreational riding for personal enjoyment, absent elements of competition.  In horse show competition, a wide variety of classes are labeled pleasure classes with judging standards based on the concept that horses or ponies exhibited should be well-mannered and thus a “pleasure” to ride.

Pleasure riding is called hacking in British English, and in parts of the eastern United States and Canada.  In the United States, particularly the American west, the term trail riding is used to describe recreational pleasure riding, particularly on public lands.