hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preston & Cherrybrook, Nova Scotia
Preston & Cherrybrook is a community and planning area of the Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia, Canada.  It includes the villages of Preston, East Preston, North Preston, and Cherry Brook.  The area was settled by African Nova Scotians following the American Revolutionary War.

Preston, Nova Scotia
Preston is an area in central Nova Scotia, Canada in the Halifax Regional Municipality, located on Trunk 7. Preston includes the subdivisions of East Preston, North Preston, Lake Major, Cherry Brook and Loon Lake. The definition sometimes extends to include Lake Echo. The population in 2016 was 3,223. This is a decline from 2006, when Preston had a population of 3,536.
The Birth-Mark
"The Birth-Mark" is a short story by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne. The tale examines obsession with human perfection. It was first published in the March 1843 edition of The Pioneer and later appeared in Mosses from an Old Manse, a collection of Hawthorne's short stories published in 1846.

Judith Fetterley
Judith Fetterley (born 1938) is a literary scholar known for her work in feminism and women's studies. She was influential in leading a reappraisal of women's literature of the 19th and 20th centuries, and the contributions of women writing about women's experience, including their perspectives on men in the world.
Kokuba River
The Kokuba River (国場川, Kokuba-gawa; Okinawan: Kukuba-gāra) is a river in Naha, Okinawa, and is the hydrographic resource for domestic urban fresh water.  A number of geographical places on Okinawa bear its name, such as Lake Man Park (漫湖公園) and Kokuba Danchi (国場団地).  The river flows into the East China Sea.

Naha
Naha (Japanese: 那覇市, Hepburn: Naha-shi; Japanese: [naꜜ.ha, na.haꜜ.ɕi]; Okinawan: Naafa or Nafa) is the capital city of Okinawa Prefecture, the southernmost prefecture of Japan. As of 1 June 2019, the city has an estimated population of 317,405 and a population density of 7,939 people per km2 (20,562 persons per sq. mi.). The total area is 39.98 km2 (15.44 sq mi).

Naha is located on the East China Sea coast of the southern part of Okinawa Island, the largest of Okinawa Prefecture. The modern city was officially founded on May 20, 1921. Before that, Naha had been for centuries one of the most important and populous sites in Okinawa.

Naha is the political, economic and educational center of Okinawa Prefecture. In the medieval and early modern periods, it was the commercial center of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
Hyllus ramadanii
Hyllus ramadanii is a species of jumping spider in the genus Hyllus that is endemic to Tanzania. It lives in rocky environments. The spider was first described in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russell-Smith. The spider is medium-sized, with a brown carapace between 3.1 and 3.2 mm (0.12 and 0.13 in) long and an abdomen 3.2 and 5.0 mm (0.13 and 0.20 in) long. The female is larger than the male. It can be differentiated from other species in the genus by its coloration and copulatory organs. The male has a pattern of three white patches on its carapace and a horseshoe shape on its abdomen. The female has three irregular orange streaks on its carapace and a yellow pattern that looks like a tree on its abdomen.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Malihan
Malihan (Persian: مليحان, also Romanized as Malīḩān and Maleyḩān) is a village in Esmailiyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 346, in 62 families.

Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District
Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان اسماعیلیه شمالی) is in Esmailiyeh District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Khobeyneh-ye Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Safheh-ye Yek.
English translations of Asterix
All the Asterix stories, created by René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo, have been translated into English. The vast majority of the albums were translated by Anthea Bell and Derek Hockridge. Their first volume, Asterix the Gaul, was published by Brockhampton Press in 1969. Bell retired in 2016 due to ill health and died in 2018; Hockridge died in 2013. Adriana Hunter currently serves as translator, with Asterix and the Chariot Race being her debut.

René Goscinny
René Goscinny (French: [ʁəne ɡɔsini]; Polish: [ɡɔɕˈt͡ɕinnɨ] ⓘ; 14 August 1926 – 5 November 1977) was a French comic editor and writer, who created the Asterix comic book series with illustrator Albert Uderzo. Born in France to a Jewish family from Poland, he spent his childhood in Argentina where he attended French schools and later lived in the United States for a short period of time. There he met Belgian cartoonist Morris. After his return to France, they collaborated for more than 20 years on the comic series Lucky Luke (in what was considered the series' golden age).

He wrote Iznogoud with Jean Tabary. Goscinny also wrote a series of children's books known as Le Petit Nicolas ("Little Nicolas") illustrated by Jean-Jacques Sempé.
Natalya Bondarchuk
Natalya Sergeyevna Bondarchuk (Russian: Наталья Серге́евна Бондарчук; born 10 May 1950) is a Soviet and Russian actress and film director, best known for her appearance in Andrei Tarkovsky's Solaris as "Hari". She is the daughter of Soviet director and actor Sergei Bondarchuk and Russian actress Inna Makarova. Her half-brother is film director and actor Fyodor Bondarchuk; her half-sister is actress Yelena Bondarchuk.

Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography
The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, officially the S. A. Gerasimov All-Russian University of Cinematography (Russian: Всероссийский государственный институт кинематографии имени С. А. Герасимова, romanized: Vserossiyskiy gosudarstvyennyy institut kinematografii imyeni S. A. Gerasimova, meaning
All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S. A. Gerasimov), a.k.a. VGIK, is a film school in Moscow, Russia.
Japanese landing ship No. 1
No. 1 was a No.1-class landing ship of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Pacific War. Completed in early 1944, the ship was used as a convoy escort on one successful mission to resupply Imperial Japanese Army units on Saipan. On the return trip, No. 1 was badly damaged by American aircraft and towed to Palau. Redesignated as an anti-aircraft ship, she was sunk by American bombers in July 1944.

No.1-class landing ship
The No.1-class landing ship (第一号型輸送艦, Dai 1 Gō-gata Yusōkan) was a class of amphibious assault ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during and after World War II. The IJN also called them 1st class transporter (一等輸送艦,, 1-Tō Yusōkan).
Seonggeon-dong
Seonggeon-dong is an administrative dong or a neighbourhood in the administrative subdivisions of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It consists of four legal dongs including Seonggeon-dong and Seokjang-dong. It is bordered by Dongcheon-dong on the east, Geoncheon-eup on the west and Jungbu-dong on the south and Hyeongok-myeon on the north. Its 6.42 square kilometers are home to about 18,219 people. The Gyeongju branch campus of Dongguk University is situated in the district and it has an elementary school and a high school

Geoncheon
Geoncheon-eup is an eup or a town in the subdivision of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. Its 90.46 square kilometers are home to about 10,844 people. This population is served by three elementary schools, and one joint middle-high school.
Lietuvininkų prietelis
Lietuvininkų prietelis (original spelling: Lietuwininku Prietelis; transl. Friend of Lietuvininkai) was a short-lived Lithuanian-language political newspaper published in Memel (now Klaipėda) by Lutheran priest Rudolf Andreas Zippel (Rudolfas Endrius Cipelis) in 1849. It was published for less than a year, but it is considered the first "true" Lithuanian periodical (earlier Nusidavimai Dievo karalystėje contained mostly translated religious texts). It was also the first Lithuanian periodical published in the territory of present-day Lithuania.

Nusidavimai apie evangelijos prasiplatinimą tarp žydų ir pagonių
Nusidavimai apie evangelijos prasiplatinimą tarp žydų ir pagonių (lit. 'Stories about the Propagation of the Gospel among the Jews and the Pagans', original spelling Nuſiẟawimai apie Evangëliös Praſiplátinimą tarp Ʒyẟû ir Pagonû) was the second Lithuanian-language periodical. It was published from 1832 to August 1914 in Königsberg, East Prussia, by the Evangelical Missionary Society of Königsberg and mainly reported on Evangelical missions in Asia, Africa, South America. It was discontinued due to the outbreak of World War I.
Sir Thomas Maule of Panmure
Thomas Maule, 2nd Baron of Panmure and Benvie, was the eldest son of Sir William Maule, Baron of Panmure and Benvie and Marion Fleming. Thomas succeeded as Baron on his father's death before 1407. He was killed on 24 July 1411 at the Battle of Harlaw, fighting under Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar. He is mentioned in the Child ballad, The Battle of Harlaw:

And thair the knicht of Lawriston

Was slain into his armour schene,

And gude Sir Robert Davidson,

Wha provost was of Aberdene:

The knicht of Panmure, as was sene,

A mortall man in armour bricht,

Sir Thomas Murray, stout and kene,

Left to the warld thair last gude nicht.

He left one son, Thomas Maule, who succeeded him as Baron.

Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar
Alexander Stewart (c. 1375 - July 1435) was a Scottish nobleman and warlord. An illegitimate grandson of Robert II of Scotland, he held the title of Earl of Mar, exercising significant power over northeastern Scotland. His military career included service in the Duchy of Burgundy, along with battles at Harlaw, Lochaber, and Inverlochy against the Lordship of the Isles.
Coming Home (Lonestar album)
Coming Home is the seventh studio album by American country music group Lonestar, released in 2005 on BNA Records. This album produced two singles for them on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts: "You're Like Coming Home" (No. 8) and "I'll Die Tryin'" (No. 43). Both of these songs were originally recorded by the Canadian country band Emerson Drive on their 2004 album What If?.

Clavinet
The Clavinet is an electric clavichord invented by Ernst Zacharias and manufactured by the Hohner company of Trossingen, West Germany, from 1964 to 1982. The instrument produces sounds with rubber pads, each matching one of the keys and responding to a keystroke by striking a given point on a tensioned string, and was designed to resemble the Renaissance-era clavichord.

Although originally intended for home use, the Clavinet became popular on stage, and could be used to create electric guitar sounds on a keyboard. It is strongly associated with the musician Stevie Wonder, who used the instrument extensively, particularly on his 1972 hit "Superstition", and was regularly featured in rock, funk and reggae music throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Modern digital keyboards can emulate the Clavinet sound, but there is also a grass-roots industry of repairers who continue to maintain the instrument.
Irish Life
Irish Life Assurance plc, commonly known as Irish Life, is an Irish financial services group, providing private and workplace pensions, health insurance, protection, and investments to its customers. Irish Life has been part of the Great-West Lifeco group of companies since 2013, one of the world’s leading life assurance organisations. Irish Life is also a member of the Power Financial Corporation group of companies.

Power Financial
Power Financial Corporation is a Canadian multinational company that was founded in 1984. Power Financial, a wholly owned subsidiary of Power Corporation of Canada, is an international management and holding company with interests in financial services and asset management businesses in Canada, the United States and Europe. It also has significant holdings in a portfolio of global companies based in Europe.

Power Financial, together with IGM financial and Great-West Lifeco, are anchor investors in funds managed by an affiliate, Portag3 Ventures, which operates investment funds dedicated to backing financial services companies. To date, Portag3 Ventures has invested in more than 45 fintech companies and investment funds. Portag3, Power Financial and IGM Financial also hold interests in Wealthsimple, one of Canada’s leading financial technology companies, operating one of the country's largest and fastest-growing digital investing service.
2006 Men's Intercontinental Cup (field hockey)
The 2006 Men's Intercontinental Cup was a qualifier for the 2006 Men's Hockey World Cup. It was held between 12 and 23 April 2006 in Changzhou, China. New Zealand won the tournament after defeating Korea 4–1 in the final. Alongside England, Pakistan and Japan, these five teams qualified for the World Cup.

Changzhou
Changzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China. It was previously known as Yanling, Lanling, and Jinling. Located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Changzhou borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Zhenjiang to the northwest, Wuxi to the east, and the province of Zhejiang to the south. The population of the Changzhou Municipality was 5,278,121 at the 2020 census. The city is the birthplace of Zhou Youguang who created the pinyin romanization system.
2025 Sioux Falls Challenger
The 2025 MarketBeat Open was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States between 20 and 26 October 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Mercurius Ventures Ltd v Waitakere City Council
Mercurius Ventures Ltd v Waitakere City Council [1996] 2 NZLR 495 is a cited case in New Zealand regarding whether a contract illegal under law, can be subsequently validated under the Illegal Contracts Act 1970.

Waitakere City
Waitakere City was a territorial authority in West Auckland, New Zealand; it was governed by the Waitakere City Council from 1989 to 2010. It was New Zealand's fifth-largest city, with an annual growth of about 2%. In 2010 the council was amalgamated with the other authorities of the Auckland Region to form the current Auckland Council.

The name "Waitakere" comes from the Waitākere River in the Waitākere Ranges.
Laughter (Ian Dury & The Blockheads album)
Laughter is the third studio album by Ian Dury and the Blockheads; released on 28 November 1980, it was the last studio album Dury made for Stiff Records. It was also the last studio album he made with the Blockheads, until 1998's Mr. Love Pants, though a live album Warts 'n' Audience was produced in 1991.

The Blockheads
The Blockheads are an English rock band formed in London in 1977. Originally fronted by lead singer Ian Dury as Ian Dury and the Blockheads or Ian and the Blockheads, the band has continued to perform since Dury's death in 2000. As of March 2023 members included Chaz Jankel (guitar and keyboards), Nathan King (bass), Mick Gallagher (keyboards and piano), John Turnbull (vocals and guitar), John Roberts (drums), and Mike Bennett (lead vocals).  There is a rolling line-up of saxophonists that includes Gilad Atzmon, Terry Edwards, Dave Lewis, and from time to time, the original sax player, Davey Payne. Between 2000 and 2022, the band's lead vocalist and main lyricist was Derek Hussey.

The band may be best known for their hit singles, recorded with Dury, "What a Waste", "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick", "Reasons to Be Cheerful, Part 3", and "Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll".
Etinan
Etinan is located within the South South part of Nigeria and constitutes one of the Local Government Areas in the oil rich Akwa Ibom State. Known for its agricultural and arts craft products, the area forms one of the most peaceful locations in the West African State of Nigeria.

Etinan is also home to the famous Peacock Paints Industries and NIFOR zonal office.

Within Etinan LGA, is the village of Mbioto, home town of the former Akwa Ibom state governor Obong Akpan Isemin, the village of Ikot Udo Abia, which was part of the route of the African slave trade. Ekpene Obom is a village in Etinan where Leprosy Hospital, Nigeria is located.

Akwa Ibom State College Of Health Technology, is also located in Etinan.

Uyo
Uyo is the capital of Akwa Ibom state located in South South, Nigeria. It became the capital on September 23, 1987 when Akwa Ibom was created from the former Cross River State. According to the 2006 Nigerian Census, the population of Uyo (including Itu) is 427,873, while the greater urban area, including Uruan, has a population of 554,906. The population of Uyo is put at 1,393,000 as at 2024.

Ibibio is the primary indigenous language. The main campus of the University of Uyo is in Nwaniba, with satellites on Ikpa Road. Ibom Air has its head office in Uyo.
2010 Asian Men's Junior Handball Championship
The 2010 Asian Men's Junior Handball Championship (12th tournament) took place in Tehran from July 23 – August 1. It acts as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2011 Men's Junior World Handball Championship.

Asian Men's Junior Handball Championship
The Asian Men's Junior Handball Championship is the official competition organised by Asian Handball Federation for junior men's national handball teams of Asia, and takes place every two years.

In addition to crowning the Asian champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF Men's Junior World Championship.
Salvia aurita
Salvia aurita (African valley sage) is a herbaceous perennial shrub native to South Africa (the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Provinces) and Eswatini. It is found growing on streambanks. It grows to 1.2 m (3.9 ft) tall, with numerous blue, white, and lilac flowers growing in whorls on short racemes.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Helmholtz decomposition
In physics and mathematics, the Helmholtz decomposition theorem or the fundamental theorem of vector calculus states that certain differentiable vector fields can be resolved into the sum of an irrotational (curl-free) vector field and a solenoidal (divergence-free) vector field. In physics, often only the decomposition of sufficiently smooth, rapidly decaying vector fields in three dimensions is discussed. It is named after Hermann von Helmholtz.

Harmonic function
In mathematics, mathematical physics and the theory of stochastic processes, a harmonic function is a twice continuously differentiable function  where U is an open subset of ⁠⁠ that satisfies Laplace's equation, that is,

everywhere on U. This is usually written as

or
Bur
A bur (also spelled burr) is a seed, dry fruit or infructescence that has hooks or teeth. The main function of the bur is to spread the seeds of the bur plant, often through epizoochory. The hooks of the bur are used to latch onto fur or fabric, enabling the bur – which contain seeds – to be transported to another location for dispersal. Another use for the spines and hooks are physical protection against herbivores. Their ability to stick to animals and fabrics has shaped their reputation as bothersome.

Some other forms of diaspores, such as the stems of certain species of cactus also are covered with thorns and may function as burs.

Bur-bearing plants, such as Tribulus terrestris and  Xanthium species, are often single-stemmed when growing in dense groups, but branch and spread when growing singly. The number of burs per fruit along with the size and shape can vary largely between different bur plants.

Thorns, spines, and prickles
In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.
Refrain (Stockhausen)
Refrain for three players (piano with woodblocks, vibraphone with alpine cowbells, and amplified celesta with antique cymbals) is a chamber music composition by Karlheinz Stockhausen, and is number 11 in his catalog of works.

Cornelius Cardew
Cornelius Cardew (7 May 1936 – 13 December 1981) was an English experimental music composer, and founder (with Howard Skempton and Michael Parsons) of the Scratch Orchestra, an experimental performing ensemble. He later rejected experimental music, explaining why he had "discontinued composing in an avant-garde idiom" in his own programme notes to his Piano Album 1973.
Ramiz Hasanov
Ramiz Hasanov Ayvaz oglu (Azerbaijani: Ramiz Həsənov Ayvaz oğlu; born August 20, 1961) is an Azerbaijani politician who serves as the Chairman of State Committee on Standardization, Metrology and Patents of Azerbaijan Republic.

Cabinet of Azerbaijan
The Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Nazirlər Kabineti) is the highest executive body of Azerbaijan, the executive and governing body over the ministries and other central executive bodies under the president of the Republic of Azerbaijan. According to Article 119 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Cabinet of Ministers is responsible for preparing and submitting the draft state budget to the President, as well as ensuring its execution. It is also tasked with implementing the country's financial, credit, and monetary policies, along with carrying out state economic and social allowance programs. Additionally, the Cabinet supervises ministries and other central executive authorities, holding the power to annul their acts if necessary.
Donn J. Robertson
Donn John Robertson (September 9, 1916 – March 4, 2000) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of lieutenant general. He is most noted for his service as commanding general of III Marine Amphibious Force and 1st Marine Division during Vietnam War.

Navy Distinguished Service Medal
The Navy Distinguished Service Medal is a military decoration of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps which was first created in 1919 and is presented to Sailors and Marines to recognize distinguished and exceptionally meritorious service to the United States while serving in a duty or position of great responsibility.

Navy Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Army's Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. The Navy Distinguished Service Medal was originally senior to the Navy Cross, until August 1942 when the precedence of the two decorations was reversed.  Currently, it is worn after the Defense Distinguished Service Medal and before the Silver Star Medal.