hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rhuddlan Castle
Rhuddlan Castle (Welsh: Castell Rhuddlan; Welsh pronunciation: [kastɛɬ ˈr̥ɨðlan]) is a castle located in Rhuddlan, Denbighshire, Wales. It was erected by Edward I in 1277, following the First Welsh War.

Much of the work was overseen by master mason James of Saint George. Rhuddlan, which was not completed until 1282, was built concurrently with Flint Castle, at a time when King Edward I of England was consolidating his conquest of Wales. It was temporarily his residence, and his daughter, Elizabeth, is presumed to have been born there.

Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (died 11 December 1282), also known as Llywelyn II and Llywelyn the Last (Welsh: Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf), was Prince of Gwynedd from 1255 to 1282. After successful campaigns across Wales in 1257, Llywelyn proclaimed himself Prince of Wales in 1258, and was recognised as such by Henry III of England in 1267 as part of the Treaty of Montgomery. He remained in this position even after his humbling by Edward I of England in the 1277 Treaty of Aberconwy, remaining Prince of Wales in name until his killing at Cilmeri in 1282, one of the final events in Edward's conquest of Wales.
Gausvika
Gausvika or Gausvik is a village in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is in the northeastern part of the large island of Hinnøya, along the Tjeldsundet Strait, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of the town of Harstad. The European route E10 highway passes through the village, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the Tjeldsund Bridge. Gausvik Church is in the village.

Tjeldsund Bridge
The Tjeldsund Bridge (Norwegian: Tjeldsundbrua) is a suspension road bridge that crosses the Tjeldsundet strait between the mainland and the island of Hinnøya in Troms county, Norway. The bridge is 1,007 metres (3,304 ft) long, the main span is 290 metres (950 ft), and the maximum clearance to the sea is 41 metres (135 ft). The bridge has 32 spans.

After 30 months and 375,000 work hours, 112,000 bags of cement, 1200 tons of steel and the cost of 45 million kr, Tjeldsund Bridge was opened by King Olav V on 22 August 1967.

The bridge carries the European route E10 highway, connecting Harstad Municipality and Tjeldsund Municipality. It is part of a network of bridges that connect the islands of Vesterålen and Lofoten to the mainland of Norway.
Lakshman Kadirgamar
Sri Lankabhimanya Lakshman Kadirgamar, PC (Tamil: லக்ஷமன் கதிர்காமர்; Sinhala: ලක්ෂ්මන් කදිර්ගාමර්, 12 April 1932 – 12 August 2005) was a Sri Lankan lawyer. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka from 1994 to 2001 and again from April 2004 until his assassination in August 2005. Lakshman Kadirgamar served as the President of Oxford Union in 1958–59.

He achieved international prominence in this position due to his wide-ranging condemnation of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and his efforts to have them banned internationally. He was assassinated by an LTTE sniper in August 2005. Accounts of his views on politics and international relations, with much information about his life and career, can be found in the 2012 book Democracy, Sovereignty and Terror: Lakshman Kadirgamar on the Foundations of International Order, edited by Professor Adam Roberts.

Minister of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)
The minister of foreign affairs is an appointment in the Cabinet of Sri Lanka who is responsible for overseeing the international diplomacy of the Government of Sri Lanka. The post was first created in 1947 as the minister of external affairs and defence, in 1977 the Ministry of External Affairs and Defence separated into two ministries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defence. Prior to the separation of the post the minister of external affairs and defence was held by the prime minister since 1947, with a parliamentary secretary for defence and external affairs who was an elected parliamentarian and was the de facto foreign minister.
HMS Cherokee (1808)
HMS Cherokee was the lead ship of her class of 10-gun brig-sloops of the British Royal Navy. She saw service during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1810 she participated in an engagement that resulted in her crew qualifying for the Naval General Service Medal. The Navy sold Cherokee in 1828. She then became a merchantman trading between Liverpool and Africa. Cherokee was wrecked in August 1831 returning to England from Africa.

Cherokee-class brig-sloop
The Cherokee class was a class of brig-sloops of the Royal Navy, mounting ten guns. Brig-sloops were sloops-of-war with two masts (a fore mast and a taller main mast) rather than the three masts of ship sloops.  Orders for 115 vessels were placed, including five which were cancelled and six for which the orders were replaced by ones for equivalent steam-powered paddle vessels.

Many of these sailing vessels served as mail packet ships, and more than eight assisted with exploration and surveys. The best known of the class was HMS Beagle, then considerably modified for Beagle's second survey voyage under Robert FitzRoy, with the gentleman naturalist Charles Darwin on board as a self-funded supernumerary.
Vernon Township, Pennsylvania
Vernon Township is a township in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,310 at the 2020 census, down from 5,630 at the 2010 census.

According to the township's website, Vernon Township is nicknamed the "Golden Link" due to its location between the county seat (Meadville) and the largest natural lake in the state (Conneaut Lake), as well as being the self-described business center of Crawford County.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Yves Laferrière
Yves Laferrière (1943 – December 11, 2020) was a Canadian musician and composer. He was a two-time Genie Award winner, for Best Original Song at the 6th Genie Awards in 1985 for "Touch Me", which he cowrote with Paule Baillargeon and Marjolène Morin for the film A Woman in Transit (La Femme de l'hôtel), and for Best Original Score at the 11th Genie Awards in 1990 for Jesus of Montreal (Jésus de Montréal).

Canadian Screen Award for Best Original Song
The Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television presents an annual award for Best Achievement in Music: Original Song to the best original song in a  Canadian motion picture.

First presented at the 3rd Genie Awards in 1982, the award was presented as part of the Genie Awards until 2011. Since 2012, it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.
Textpattern
Textpattern is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) for PHP and MySQL. It was originally developed by Dean Allen and now developed by Team Textpattern. While it is typically listed among weblogging tools, its aim is to be a general-purpose content management system. The current stable version is Textpattern 4.9.0.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
2021 CECAFA U-23 Challenge Cup
The 2021 CECAFA U-23 Challenge Cup was 41st edition of the annual CECAFA Cup, an international football competition consisting of the national U-23 teams of member nations of the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA).

This year's tournament was reserved for U23 players but teams were allowed to field up to three players over 23.

It took place in Ethiopia from 17 July to 30 July 2021.

Uganda were the defending having won title in 2019. The Democratic Republic of the Congo participated as an invited team.

Bahir Dar
Bahir Dar (Amharic: ባሕር ዳር, lit. 'sea shore') is the capital city of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Bahir Dar is one of the leading tourist destinations in Ethiopia, with a variety of attractions in the nearby Lake Tana and Blue Nile river. The city is known for its wide avenues lined with palm trees and a variety of colorful flowers. In 2002, it was awarded the UNESCO Cities for Peace Prize for addressing the challenges of rapid urbanization.
Qaza An
Qaza An (Persian: قزاان, also Romanized as Qazā Ān; also known as Kāzwān, Qaz Ān, and Qeza’an) is a village in Qohrud Rural District, Qamsar District, Kashan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 548, in 187 families.

Qamsar District
Qamsar District (Persian: بخش قمصر) is in Kashan County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Qamsar. A mine in the area has been an important source of cobalt probably since ancient times.
Battle of Koziatyn
The Battle of Koziatyn (also known as the Raid on Koziatyn and Koziatyn Envelopment) of 25–27 April 1920 was one of the most spectacular raids of the Polish cavalry during the Polish–Soviet War. In the effect of a pincer maneuver some 160 kilometres behind the front line, the Polish Army was able to seize the strategically important town of Korosten. The town, a major railway hub and a Red Army supply depot, was captured with negligible Polish losses.

The battle, along with a similar Raid on Korosten, resulted in a complete disruption of the Soviet 12th and 14th Armies of the South-Western Front. The Soviets lost approximately two divisions and a large amount of materiel, and roughly 8000 Soviet soldiers became prisoners of war. This allowed the Polish forces to capture Kiev soon afterwards. The maneuver is taught in military colleges around the world as an example of a blitzkrieg-like offensive executed before the advent of tank warfare.

Hospital train
A hospital train is a railway train with carriages equipped for the provision of healthcare. Historically this has ranged from trains equipped to transport wounded soldiers, with basic nursing and first aid facilities on board, to fully equipped mobile medical centres, sometimes including operating theatres and nursing wards.
Łojewo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Łojewo [wɔˈjɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płoskinia, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Płoskinia, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Braniewo, and 64 km (40 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Płoskinia
Płoskinia [pwɔsˈkiɲa] is a village in Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, a part of northern Poland. It is the seat of the Gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Płoskinia. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Braniewo and 66 km (41 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn and is located in Warmia.
Denvis Manns
Denvis Manns (born July 21, 1976) was the third ever NCAA running back to rush for 1,000 yards in four consecutive seasons after Tony Dorsett (University of Pittsburgh, 1973–1977) and Amos Lawrence (University of North Carolina, 1977–1980).

Manns graduated from Lufkin High School in 1995 where he rushed for 2,000 yards his senior year and led the Panthers to the 1994 5A quarterfinals.  Manns’ number (#33) is the first (and currently the only) football number to ever be retired at Lufkin High School. He then played football for New Mexico State University 1995-1998 where he achieved his NCAA rushing record and still holds the school's career rushing record with 4,692 yards. Manns is one of only five players in NCAA Division I-A history to rush for at least 1,000 yards in four consecutive seasons.

Amos Lawrence (American football)
Amos Lawrence Jr. (born January 9, 1958) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the North Carolina Tar Heels and was selected in the fourth round of the 1981 NFL draft.
2021 Bad Homburg Open
The 2021 Bad Homburg Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the inaugural edition of the Bad Homburg Open, and part of the WTA 250 series of the 2021 WTA Tour. The event took place at the TC Bad Homburg in Bad Homburg, Germany, from 20 until 26 June 2021.

Bad Homburg is historically significant in the development and popularity of tennis in Europe.

Bad Homburg Open
The Bad Homburg Open is a women's professional tennis tournament held on outdoor grass courts at the Bad Homburg Tennis Club in Bad Homburg, Germany. The event held its inaugural edition in June 2021 after it was initially postponed from 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In September 2019, the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club (AELTC) announced that they would invest in new grass tennis tournaments to be scheduled before the Wimbledon Championships on the ATP Tour and WTA Tour. Among the new investments included a WTA event planned for Bad Homburg with the collaboration of German sports agency Perfect Match as well as German tennis player Angelique Kerber and her management team, after which she would become the tournament ambassador. The new stadium at the Bad Homburg Tennis Club was built on the site of the first tennis court in continental Europe, Kurpark, and in July 2020, Kerber christened the stadium at its opening ceremony.
2017 Negeri Sembilan FA season
The 2017 season was Negeri Sembilan's 94th year in their history and 6th season in Malaysia Premier League since it was first introduced in 2004. Also it was the fourth season in the Malaysia Premier League following relegation on 2013 season. Along with the league, the club also participated in the Malaysia FA Cup and the Malaysia Cup.

2017 Malaysia Super League
The 2017 Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia 2017) was the 14th season of the Malaysia Super League, the top-tier professional football league in Malaysia.

The season began on 20 January and concluded on 28 October 2017.

The defending champions were Johor Darul Ta'zim and retained the title from the previous season.
Edward Noonan (architect)
Edward Joseph Noonan (born May 30, 1930) is an architect and real estate developer based in Chicago, Illinois, and the former interim president of Shimer College.  He is the chairman of the board of Chicago Associates Planners & Architects, and was the lead architect in the Tryon Farm development near Michigan City, Indiana.

Noonan has been associated with Shimer College since the 1990s, and was named an emeritus trustee in 2000.  Following the removal of Thomas K. Lindsay from the position of president of Shimer College, he was appointed interim president effective April 20, 2010. He stepped down in 2012.

Thomas Lindsay (academic)
Thomas Kevin Lindsay is an American academic who briefly served as president of Shimer College. He was the Deputy Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities until December 2008. He was also the director of the NEH We the People initiative, which funds programs, research and other activities that explore significant events and themes in US history and culture, and advance knowledge of the principles that define America. He serves as the director of the Center for Higher Education at the Texas Public Policy Foundation, a conservative think tank.
Arizona's 21st legislative district
Arizona's 21st legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of sections of Cochise County, Pima County, and Santa Cruz County. As of 2023, there are 70 precincts in the district, with a total registered voter population of 130,490. The district has an overall population of 244,412.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. The 21st district was drawn as a majority Latino constituency, with 58% of residents being Hispanic or Latino. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Democratic.

Santa Cruz County, Arizona
Santa Cruz is a county in southern Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population is 47,669. The county seat is Nogales. The county was established in 1899. It borders Pima County to the north and west, Cochise County to the east, and the Mexican state of Sonora to the south.

Santa Cruz County includes the Nogales, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Tucson-Nogales, Arizona Combined Statistical Area.
1991–92 Reading F.C. season
During the 1991–92 English football season, Reading F.C. competed in the Football League Third Division, FA Cup, League Cup and League Trophy. It was their first season with Mark McGhee as their player-manager and they finished in 12th place in the league. They also reached Round 3 of the FA Cup, Round 1 of the League Cup and the Southern Primarily Group of the League Trophy.

1991–92 Football League Cup
The 1991–92 Football League Cup (known as the Rumbelows Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 32nd season of the Football League Cup, a knockout competition for England's top 92 association football clubs.

The competition began on 20 August 1991, and ended with the final on 12 April 1992 at the Old Wembley Stadium. The trophy was won by Manchester United for the first time.
2013 WNBA season
The 2013 WNBA season was the 17th season of the Women's National Basketball Association. The regular season began on May 24 and concluded on September 15, and playoffs started on September 19 and concluded on October 10. The Minnesota Lynx won their second league championship, defeating the Atlanta Dream three games to none in the 2013 WNBA Finals.
The year represented a positive turning point for the long-struggling league. Both attendance and television viewership were up, driven by an influx of talented rookies, multiple teams reported that they were near a break-even point, and at least one franchise announced that it was profitable.

Minnesota Lynx
The Minnesota Lynx are an American professional basketball team based in Minneapolis. The Lynx compete in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) as a member of the Western Conference. The team won the WNBA title in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017.

Founded prior to the 1999 season, the team was owned by Glen Taylor, who was also the majority owner of the Lynx' NBA counterpart, the Minnesota Timberwolves, from 1999 to 2025. The current owners of the Lynx are Alex Rodriguez and Marc Lore. The franchise has been home to players such as Katie Smith, Seimone Augustus, Minnesota native Lindsay Whalen, Maya Moore, Rebekkah Brunson, and Sylvia Fowles.

The Lynx have qualified for the WNBA playoffs in 15 of their 26 years.
Judo at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's 78 kg
The women's 78 kg competition of the judo events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on 30 October at the Contact Sports Center (Centro de Entrenamiento de los Deportes de Contacto) in Santiago, Chile. A total of 10 athletes from 9 NOC's competed.

Judo at the 2023 Pan American Games
Judo competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile will be held at the Centro de Entrenamiento de los Deportes de Contacto, which will also host the Taekwondo and Karate events, from 28 to 31 October 2023.

15 medal events were contested: seven weight categories each for men and women and one event for mixed teams. The mixed teams was held for the first time ever.
Dresbach, Minnesota
Dresbach (/ˈdʒrɛsbɑːk/ DRESS-bahk) is an unincorporated community in Dresbach Township, Winona County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located on the west side of the Mississippi River along Interstate 90 between Winona and La Crosse.  U.S. Highways 61 and 14 are briefly co-signed with Interstate 90 at this point.

Dresbach is located along the Mississippi River.  Nearby places include Winona, Dakota, Nodine, La Crescent, La Crosse, Onalaska, and Great River Bluffs State Park.  Local businesses include the Dresbach travel information center, and Lock and Dam No. 7 on the Mississippi River.

La Crescent, Minnesota
La Crescent (/lə ˈkrɛsənt/ lə KRESS-ənt) is a city in Houston and Winona counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 5,276 at the 2020 census.

La Crescent is located in the northeast portion of Houston County; the northern edge of the city falls into Winona County. The city is known as the "Apple Capital of Minnesota" because 
John S. Harris planted apple trees here, resulting in many orchards in the present-day city. It is recognized as a 'Tree City' by the Arbor Day Foundation, and a 'Minnesota GreenStep City' by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.
Ådum
Ådum is a small village in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality in Denmark. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of Skjern, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southeast of Tarm and 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Grindsted and has a population of 239 (1 January 2025).

Ådum Church is located in the village.

Skjern, Denmark
Skjern is a railway town just north of the Skjern river in western Jutland, Denmark with a population of 7,737 (1 January 2025). The town was the seat of the former Skjern Municipality, though since 2007 it has been the joint administrative seat of Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality.

The town's expansion in the 19th century was the result of the newly created Skjern railway station. Today, it is connected to the Esbjerg–Struer line and the Skanderborg–Skjern line. It is also served by the Stauning Vestjylland Airport, which also contains Danmarks Flymuseum, displaying historic aircraft.
2016 Massachusetts Question 1
The Massachusetts Expand Slot Machine Gaming Initiative was a 2016 Massachusetts ballot measure. Also known as Question 1, it was an indirect initiated state statute question that would allow the Massachusetts Gaming Commission to issue an additional license for another slot machine parlor to exist in the state. The referendum question said that the extra slots parlor could only be permitted on a site that was at least 4 acres (1.6 ha) in size and located within 1,500 feet (460 m) of a racecourse. The only location in the state where this would have applied was Suffolk Downs in East Boston.

A "yes" vote would allow a second slots parlor to exist in Massachusetts.

A "no" vote would leave the current number of one slots parlor place.

2016 Massachusetts elections
The 2016 Massachusetts elections were held on November 8, 2016, throughout Massachusetts. At the federal level, all 9 Massachusetts seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election. At the state level, all 160 seats of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and all 40 seats of the Massachusetts Senate were up for election. Primary elections were held on September 8. Early voting was used for the first time, and took place from October 24 through November 4.