hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Irshad Pass
Irshad Pass (elevation 4,979 metres (16,335 ft)), is a mountain pass in the Hindu Kush that connects the Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan with the Wakhan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan. According to a map in the National Geographic Magazine, the pass is located at an elevation of 4,979 metres (16,335 ft). The National Geographic article mentioned that people from Afghanistan's Wakhan District, particularly the Kyrgyz people of Bazai Gumbad, regularly cross the Irshad Pass in spring and autumn to trade animals for supplies at Babaghundi Ziarat in north-western Hunza Valley.

Bazai Gumbad
Bazai Gumbad, also reported as Buzai Gumbad and Bozai Gumbaz (Dari: بزای گمبز, lit. 'domes of the elders'), is the site of domed tombs and nearby settlement of mostly ethnic Kyrgyz herders in the Wakhan District of Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan. It lies in the Little Pamir on the right bank of the Bazai River, near where it joins Wakhjir River to become the Wakhan River. It is part of the Wakhan National Park and patrolled by the Afghan National Police and Afghan Armed Forces.

Bazai Gumbad is connected by about 60 km (37 mi) long gravel road to Sarhad in the southwest, and about the same length road to the Wakhjir Pass (Afghanistan–China border) in the east. Widening of the road from Sarhad to Bazai Gumbad and then to the Wakhjir Pass has started in 2025. As of December 2025, around 70% of the road project has been completed. The Chaqmaqtin Lake is approximately 20 km (12 mi) to the northeast of Bazai Gumbad. Foreigners must have an Afghan visa to tour the area.
The Best American Short Stories 1984
The Best American Short Stories 1984 is a volume in the long-running The Best American Short Stories anthology series. The 1984 edition was edited by series editor Shannon Ravenel and guest editor John Updike. It was published by Houghton Mifflin in 1984.

The volume features a selection of notable short fiction published in American periodicals during the preceding year, chosen for their literary merit and variety of voice and style.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Papua New Guinea (record)
"Papua New Guinea" is a single by the British electronic music group the Future Sound of London. It was released in November 1991 through the label Jumpin' & Pumpin' and is included on the group's debut album, Accelerator, released the following year. The single entered the CIN's Dance Singles Chart at No. 42 in December 1991, and reached number 22 on the UK Singles Chart when rereleased in mid-1992.

Simon Reynolds
Simon Reynolds (born 19 June 1963) is an English music journalist and author who began his career at Melody Maker in the mid-1980s. He subsequently worked as a freelancer and published a number of books on music and popular culture.

Reynolds has contributed to Spin, Rolling Stone, The New York Times, The Village Voice, The Guardian, The Wire, Pitchfork and others.
Tha Chang, Bangkok
Tha Chang (Thai: ท่าช้าง, pronounced [tʰâː t͡ɕʰáːŋ]), or Tha Chang Wang Luang (ท่าช้างวังหลวง, [tʰâː t͡ɕʰáːŋ wāŋ lǔaŋ]), with designated pier code N9, is a pier on the Chao Phraya River at the end of Na Phra Lan Road in the area behind the Grand Palace next to Nagaraphirom Park and Ratchaworadit Pier.

Nagaraphirom Park
Nagaraphirom Park (Thai: สวนนาคราภิรมย์) was a small public park of about 3 rai (0.48 ha; 1.2 acres) on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. Located on Maharat Road, Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang Subdistrict, Phra Nakhon District behind the Grand Palace between Tha Tian (N8) and Tha Chang Wang Luang Pier (N9).

On June 26, 2009 King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) named the park "Nagaraphirom", meaning "delightful park for the townspeople".

Nagaraphirom Park officially opened in December 2010. The park was open daily from 05:00 a.m. to 09:00 p.m.

In 2016 the park was razed to build an underground parking garage. It was announced that construction would take two years, but the garage was never built. The park's former location is now a parking lot.
Diglycolic anhydride
Diglycolic anhydride (1,4-dioxane-2,6-dione) is the carboxylic acid anhydride of diglycolic acid. It has been used as a monomer in the synthesis of poly(ester-ether) and poly(amide–ether) polymers. It also can serve as a starting material for production of various bicyclic heterocyclic structures.

Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.
Public Records (venue)
Public Records is a music venue, bar, and eatery in Gowanus, Brooklyn. By day, the space serves as a vegan café and wine bar; by night, it features a nightclub and performance complex. The venue is known for eclectic programming, with a focus on electronic music.

Gowanus, Brooklyn
Gowanus (/ɡəˈwɑːnəs/ gə-WAH-nəs) is a neighborhood in the northwestern portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, within the area once known as South Brooklyn. The neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community District 6. Gowanus is bounded by Wyckoff Street on the north, Fourth Avenue on the east, the Gowanus Expressway to the south, and Bond Street to the west.
Lüdem railway station
Lüdem railway station (German: Bahnhof Lüdem) is a railway station in the municipality of Frauenfeld, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is located on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) Frauenfeld–Wil line of Appenzell Railways, and is served as a request stop by local trains only.

Wil railway station
Wil railway station (German: Bahnhof Wil), or Wil SG railway station, is a railway station in Wil, in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It sits at the junction of three standard-gauge railway lines: Wil–Kreuzlingen, St. Gallen–Winterthur, and Wil–Ebnat-Kappel. In addition, the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Frauenfeld–Wil line (operated by Appenzell Railways since 2021) terminates in the station's forecourt.
Wyoming Tribune Eagle
The Wyoming Tribune Eagle is a daily newspaper published in Cheyenne and distributed primarily in Laramie County, Wyoming. It is the state's second largest newspaper in terms of circulation, behind the Casper Star Tribune. The Tribune Eagle is also one of several newspapers serving the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Casper Star-Tribune
The Casper Star-Tribune is a newspaper published in Casper, Wyoming. It is owned by Lee Enterprises. It is Wyoming's largest print newspaper, with a daily circulation of 23,760. The paper offers print editions on Tuesday's, Thursday's, and Saturday's.  The Star-Tribune covers local and state news. Its website, Trib.com, includes articles from the print paper, online updates, video and other multimedia content.
Dashi Namdakov
Dashinima (Dashi) Balzhanovich Namdakov (Russian: Даши́нима Бальжимаевич Намдако́в, Buryat: Намдагай Бальжамын Дашанима; born 16 February 1967) is a Russian sculptor and artist, member of the Russian Union of Artists.

Buryat language
Buryat or Buriat, known in foreign sources as the Bargu-Buryat dialect of Mongolian, and in pre-1956 Soviet sources as Buryat-Mongolian, is a variety of the Mongolic languages spoken by the Buryats and Bargas that is classified either as a language or major dialect group of Mongolian.
Malvern Preparatory School
Malvern Preparatory School, commonly referred to as St. Pius, is an independent, all-boys Catholic middle school and college preparatory high school in Malvern, Pennsylvania, within the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. The school is operated by Order of Saint Augustine and is a member of the Augustinian Secondary Education Association.

Malvern Prep is a member of the Inter-Academic League which also includes Episcopal Academy, Germantown Academy, Penn Charter, The Haverford School, and Springside Chestnut Hill Academy.

Germantown Academy
Germantown Academy, informally known as GA and originally known as the Union School, is the oldest nonsectarian day school in the United States. The school was founded on December 6, 1759, by a group of prominent Germantown citizens in the Green Tree Tavern on the Germantown Road. Germantown Academy enrolls students from pre-kindergarten to 12th grade and is located in the Philadelphia suburb of Fort Washington, having moved from its original Germantown campus in 1965. The original campus, Old Germantown Academy and Headmasters' Houses, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The school shares the oldest continuous high school football rivalry with the William Penn Charter School.
Gela Saghirashvili
Gela Saghirashvili (born November 7, 1980) is a male freestyle wrestler from Georgia. He participated in Men's freestyle 74 kg at 2008 Summer Olympics. After beating Augusto Midana he lost with Murad Gaidarov and was eliminated from competition.

He participated as well in Men's freestyle 74 kg at 2004 Summer Olympics where he was ranked in 14th place.

Augusto Midana
Augusto Midana (born 20 May 1984) is a Bissau-Guinean freestyle wrestler who competes in the men's middleweight (-74 kg) category. He represented Guinea-Bissau in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, and was the flagbearer for his nation during the opening ceremonies of those games.  He competed again at the 2012 Summer Olympics, finishing in 7th place.

He once again competed for Guinea-Bissau at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. He was defeated by Jordan Burroughs of the United States in the first round. He was the flagbearer for Guinea-Bissau during the Parade of Nations. He qualified at the 2021 African & Oceania Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament to represent Guinea-Bissau at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

Midana is a six-time African champion in the men's middleweight (–74 kg) category.
İstanbul Havalimanı (Istanbul Metro)
İstanbul Havalimanı (Istanbul Airport) is an underground rapid transit station on the M11 line of the Istanbul Metro. It is located in the Tayakadın neighbourhood of Arnavutköy district, at Istanbul Airport. The station is among the first five metro stations to be located outside of the city (urban area) of Istanbul. It was opened on 22 January 2023.

Arnavutköy (district)
Arnavutköy (meaning "Albanian village" in Turkish Turkish pronunciation: [aɾ.na.ʋut.k̟ʰøj]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 453 km2, and its population is 326,452 (2022). It is located on the European side of Istanbul and borders the Black Sea. Istanbul Airport is in the district. The mayor is Mustafa Candaroğlu of the AK Party. Arnavutköy borders Çatalca to the west, Büyükçekmece to the southwest, Esenyurt and Başakşehir to the south, and Eyüp to the east. Karaburun is a seaside resort on the Black Sea.

In 2008 the district Arnavutköy was created from parts of the districts Çatalca and Gaziosmanpaşa. The urban part of the new district, 29 neighbourhoods, was established as a  municipality. At the 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation, the rural part of the district was integrated into the municipality, the villages becoming neighbourhoods.
USBRL Tunnel 50
USBRL Tunnel 50 (also known as T-50) is the longest transportation tunnel in India, with a length of 12.775 kilometers. It is located on the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) project, between the Sumber and Khari stations in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The tunnel was completed in February 2024 and is part of the Katra-Banihal section of the USBRL. The tunnel significantly enhances connectivity within Jammu and Kashmir and is a key component of India's efforts to improve transportation infrastructure in the region.

The tunnel was constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) and was built by Afcons Infrastructure. It features modern safety systems, including escape tunnels, real-time monitoring, and emergency provisions.

Jammu–Baramulla line
The Jammu–Baramulla line (including the Udhampur–Srinagar–Baramula Rail Link (USBRL) subsection) is a 324 km long railway between the cities of Jammu and Baramulla in Jammu and Kashmir India. It is fully operational as of 7 June 2025. Connecting the Kashmir Valley with the rest of India, this rail link has major geostrategic importance for the Indian armed forces. It has reduced the travel time between Jammu and Srinagar from 7 hours to 3 hours; it also connects the important religious pilgrimage sites of Mata Vaishno Devi Temple and Amarnath Temple.

Completed in several phases, this link entails several engineering achievements including the Chenab Bridge - world's highest railway bridge, the Anji Khad Bridge - India's first cable-stayed railway bridge, the Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel (Banihal railway tunnel) - India's longest railway tunnel as of 2025, and the T33 tunnel, which, while short, is immensely challenging as it punches through the Main Boundary Thrust of the Himalayas.
Sanctuary of the Divine Mercy, Vilnius
The Divine Mercy Sanctuary of Vilnius or the Holy Trinity Church (Lithuanian: Vilniaus Dievo Gailestingumo šventovė) is a shrine in Vilnius dedicated to the Divine Mercy, a devotion originated by Faustina Kowalska.

Church of St. Michael, Vilnius
St Michael's Church or St. Michael the Archangel Church (Lithuanian: Šv. Mykolo bažnyčia) is a former Roman Catholic church in Vilnius' Old Town, on the right bank of the Vilnia River. It now hosts the Church Heritage Museum.
Inter multiplices pastoralis officii
Inter multiplices pastoralis officii (Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈinter mulˈtiplitʃes pastoˈralis ofˈfitʃi.i]) is an apostolic constitution in the form of a papal bull promulgated by Pope Alexander VIII in 1690, and published in 1691. This decree reversed previous pronouncements by the French Catholic Church.

Apostolic constitution
An apostolic constitution (Latin: constitutio apostolica) is the most solemn form of legislation issued by the Pope.

By their nature, apostolic constitutions are addressed to the public. Generic constitutions use the title apostolic constitution and treat solemn matters of the church, such as the promulgation of laws or definitive teachings. The forms dogmatic constitution and pastoral constitution are titles sometimes used to be more descriptive as to the document's purpose.

Apostolic constitutions are issued as papal bulls because of their solemn, public form. Among types of papal legislation, apostolic letters issued motu proprio are next in solemnity.
Hadenini
Hadenini is a tribe of cutworm or dart moths in the family Noctuidae. There are more than 140 genera and 1,000 described species in Hadenini, found worldwide.

Hadenini was formerly a tribe of the subfamily Hadeninae, but Hadeninae was moved to the subfamily Noctuinae. The tribes Apameini, Caradrinini, Elaphriini, Episemini, Eriopygini, Hadenini, Leucaniini, Orthosiini, and Xylenini were moved from Hadeninae to Noctuinae.

Orthosiini
The Orthosiini are a mid-sized tribe of noctuid moths in the subfamily Noctuinae. The tribe was erected by Achille Guenée in 1837. It was previously included in the former subfamily Hadeninae before being moved.

Genera include:

Achatia

Anorthoa

Dioszeghyana

Egira

Harutaeographa

Houlberthosia

Kisegira Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999

Lacinipolia

Lithopolia

Morrisonia

Orthosia

Panolis

Perigonica

Perigrapha

Stretchia

Xylopolia
AV.link
AV.link, also known under the trade names nexTViewLink, SmartLink, Q-Link, EasyLink, etc., is a protocol to carry control information between audio-visual devices connected via the SCART (EIA Multiport) connector.

It is standardised as CENELEC EN 50157-1.

The Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) communication channel in HDMI and PDMI is based on AV.link.

PDMI
PDMI (Portable Digital Media Interface) is an interconnection standard for portable media players. It has been developed by CEA (Consumer Electronics Association) as ANSI/CEA-2017-A standard Common Interconnection for Portable Media Players in February 2010. Chaired by David McLauchlan from Microsoft, the standard was developed with the input or support of over fifty consumer electronics companies worldwide.
Walt Harris (fighter)
Walt Harris (born June 10, 1983) is an American mixed martial artist who competed in the Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship where was a former Heavyweight contender. A professional since 2011, Harris has also formerly competed for Titan FC.

Heavyweight (MMA)
The heavyweight division in mixed martial arts (MMA) generally includes fighters between 206–265 lb (93.4–120.2 kg).

Although many ambiguities exist within the lowerweight classes regarding division naming and weight limits, the heavyweight division is, for the most part, uniform.  The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and most other North American MMA organizations such as Bellator MMA, WSOF, and King of the Cage (KOTC) abide by this interpretation to their 206–265 lb athletes as heavyweights. ONE Championship's heavyweight division is at 226–265 lb. Pancrase's overweight division was 198.4–220.5 lb (90.0–100.0 kg) before being revised to its current 205–264.5 lb (93.0–120.0 kg).

The heavyweight upper weight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 265 lb (120 kg).
Appetizer (software)
Appetizer is an open source dock for Windows 2000, XP, Vista and 7, which allows organizing the user's shortcuts and applications. It can be customized via skins and plugins and is available in 25 languages. Various other features are available including support for keyboard shortcuts, custom icons and tray icon support. Appetizer also features a function to automatically launch certain applications when it starts.

Appetizer started as a PortableApps.com application. As such it is designed to be portable and can be installed on a USB drive or other portable device. If the standard PortableApps.com folder structure is detected on the drive, Appetizer will automatically import the user's shortcuts.

Dock (macOS)
The Dock is a prominent feature of the graphical user interface of macOS. It is used to launch applications and to switch between running applications. The Dock is also a prominent feature of macOS's predecessor NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP operating systems. The earliest known implementations of a dock are found in operating systems such as RISC OS and NeXTSTEP. iOS has its own version of the Dock for the iPhone and iPod Touch, as does iPadOS for the iPad.

Apple applied for a US patent for the design of the Dock in 1999 and was granted the patent in October 2008, nearly a decade later. Any application can be dragged and dropped onto the Dock to add it to the dock, and any application can be dragged from the dock to remove it, except for Finder and Trash, which are permanent fixtures as the leftmost and rightmost items (or highest and lowest items if the Dock is vertically oriented), respectively. Part of the macOS Core Services, Dock.app is located at /System/Library/CoreServices/.
The Quantum Vacuum
The Quantum Vacuum: An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics is a physics textbook written by Peter W. Milonni in 1993. The book covers zero-point energy, spontaneous emission, the Casimir effect, the van der Waals force, the Lamb shift and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron. Its first chapter, Zero‐Point Energy in Early Quantum Theory, was originally published in 1991 in the American Journal of Physics.

Lamb shift
In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb, is an anomalous difference in energy between two electron orbitals in a hydrogen atom. The difference was not predicted by theory and it cannot be derived from the Dirac equation, which predicts identical energies. Hence the Lamb shift is a deviation from theory seen in the differing energies contained by the  2S1/2 and 2P1/2 orbitals of the hydrogen atom.

The Lamb shift is caused by interactions between the virtual photons created through vacuum energy fluctuations and the electron as it moves around the hydrogen nucleus in each of these two orbitals. The Lamb shift has since played a significant role through vacuum energy fluctuations in theoretical prediction of Hawking radiation from black holes.
Chiesina Uzzanese
Chiesina Uzzanese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pistoia in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) west of Florence and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Pistoia.

Chiesina Uzzanese borders the following municipalities: Altopascio, Buggiano, Fucecchio, Montecarlo, Pescia, Ponte Buggianese, Uzzano.

Pescia
Pescia (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpeʃʃa]) is an Italian city in the province of Pistoia, Tuscany, central Italy.

It is located in a central zone between the cities Lucca and Florence, on the banks of the river of the same name.
Gerontius (magister militum)
Gerontius (fl. 407–411) was a general of the Western Roman Empire (with the rank of magister militum), who initially supported the usurper Constantine III, later betraying him in favour of another usurper, Maximus of Hispania.

Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).
KVME-TV
KVME-TV (channel 20) is a television station licensed to Bishop, California, United States, serving the Los Angeles television market as an affiliate of Jewelry Television. It is owned by Weigel Broadcasting alongside Avalon-licensed MeTV owned-and-operated station KAZA-TV (channel 54). KVME-TV's studios are located on North Main Street in Bishop, and its transmitter is located in the White Mountains, about 20 miles (32 km) east of Bishop.

Weigel Broadcasting
Weigel Broadcasting Co. is an American television broadcasting company based in Chicago, Illinois, alongside its flagship station WCIU-TV (Channel 26), at 26 North Halsted Street in the Greektown neighborhood. It currently owns 25 television stations, seven digital over-the-air television networks (most notably MeTV), and one radio station.
Jirón Amazonas
Jirón Amazonas is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón Lampa and continues until it reaches Sebastián Lorente Avenue.

Metropolitan Municipality of Lima
The Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (Spanish: Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima; MML) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of Lima, the capital and largest city of Peru. Governing both Lima Province and Lima District, it is the only provincial municipality under a special regime equal in status to a regional government.