hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gordon Research Conferences
Gordon Research Conferences are a group of international scientific conferences organized by a non-profit organization of the same name, since 1931 covering frontier research in the chemical, physical and later biological, sciences, and their related technologies. The conferences have been held in the US since 1931, and have expanded to almost 400 conferences per year since 1990, including Europe and Asia.  Conference locations are chosen partly for their scenic and often isolated nature, to encourage an informal community atmosphere.  Contributions are off the record, with references to the conference in any publication strictly prohibited to encourage free discussion, often of unpublished research.  In 1991, conferences were extended to cover science education.

Academic conference
An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work. Together with academic or scientific journals and preprint archives, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers. Further benefits of participating in academic conferences include learning effects in terms of presentation skills and "academic habitus", receiving feedback from peers for one's own research, the possibility to engage in informal communication with peers about work opportunities and collaborations, and getting an overview of current research in one or more disciplines.

The first international academic conferences and congresses appeared in 19th century.
Mount Pearl Samurai
The Mount Pearl Samurai were a Canadian senior ice hockey team from Mount Pearl, Newfoundland and Labrador.  They were part of the Avalon East Senior Hockey League and are eligible for the Herder Memorial Trophy as well as the Allan Cup.

Mount Pearl
Mount Pearl is the fourth-largest municipality and second-largest city in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The city is located southwest of St. John's, on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. Mount Pearl is the fourth largest municipality in the province and is part of the St. John's metropolitan area, the 22nd largest metropolitan area in Canada.
1985 Davis Cup World Group
The World Group was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 1985.

Sweden were the defending champions and won the title, defeating West Germany in the final, 3–2. The final was held at the Olympiahalle in Munich, West Germany, from 20 to 22 December. It was the Swedish team's second consecutive title and their 3rd Davis Cup title overall.

1986 Davis Cup
The 1986 Davis Cup (also known as the 1986 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 75th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. This year's tournament marked the introduction of the Africa Zone, which served as a qualifying sub-round for the Europe Zone. 71 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 33 in the Europe Zone (including 9 in the Africa Zone), 13 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone. Bangladesh, Ivory Coast, Libya, Malta and Syria made their first appearances in the tournament.

Australia defeated the two-time defending champions Sweden in the final, held at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia, on 26–28 December, to win their 26th Davis Cup title.
Washout filter
In signal processing, a washout filter is a stable high pass filter with zero static gain. This leads to the filtering of lower frequency inputs signals, leaving the steady state output unaffected by unwanted low frequency inputs.

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Shirley Ardell Mason
Shirley Ardell Mason (January 25, 1923 – February 26, 1998) was an American art teacher who was reported to have dissociative identity disorder (also known as multiple personality disorder). Her life was purportedly described, with adaptations to protect her anonymity, in 1973 in the book Sybil, subtitled The True Story of a Woman Possessed by 16 Separate Personalities. Two films of the same name were made, one released in 1976 and the other in 2007. Both the book and the films used the name Sybil Isabel Dorsett to protect Mason's identity, though the 2007 remake stated Mason's name at its conclusion.

Mason's diagnosis and treatment under Cornelia B. Wilbur have been criticized, with allegations that Wilbur manipulated or misdiagnosed Mason. Mason herself eventually told her doctor that she did not have multiple personalities and that the symptoms had not been genuine, although whether this statement accurately reflected Mason's views later in life remains controversial.

University of Rio Grande
The University of Rio Grande and Rio Grande Community College (originally Rio Grande College) is a private university and public community college merged into one institution in Rio Grande, Ohio, United States. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission (HLC).
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 5 – Women's 500 metres
The women's 500 metres races of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 5, arranged in Eisstadion Inzell, in Inzell, Germany, was held on 7 and 8 March 2014.

Heather Richardson of the United States won race one, while Judith Hesse of Germany came second, and Olga Fatkulina of Russia came third.

Race two was also won by Richardson, while Fatkulina improved to second place, and Jenny Wolf of Germany placed third.

2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 5
The fifth competition weekend of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in Eisstadion Inzell in Inzell, Germany, from Friday, 7 March, until Sunday, 9 March 2014.

By winning the men's 1000 meters race, Shani Davis of the United States secured the men's 1000 metres World Cup, as he extended his lead to 210 points, with only 150 points available for the winner on the last competition weekend.
Franz Brünnow
Franz Friedrich Ernst Brünnow (18 November 1821 – 20 August 1891) was a German astronomer.

He was the first foreigner to become director of an American observatory, serving as director of Detroit Observatory (at the University of Michigan) from 1854 to 1863.  He played a major role in establishing the study of astronomy in the United States at a time when the only other serious faculty was run by Benjamin Peirce at Harvard University. He introduced the teaching of rigorous German analytical methods and trained a number of students who went on to further American astronomy, including Asaph Hall and James Craig Watson (the latter succeeded him as director of Detroit Observatory). In addition, Charles Augustus Young learned German astronomical methods from Brünnow although he did not attend the University of Michigan.

He succeeded William R Hamilton as Andrews Professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin and Royal Astronomer of Ireland at Dunsink Observatory.

Asaph Hall Jr.
Asaph Hall IV (October 6, 1859 – January 12, 1930), known as Asaph Hall Jr., was an American astronomer. He was the son of Asaph Hall, who discovered the moons of the planet Mars. One of his brothers was Percival Hall.
Jason Roy
Jason Jonathan Roy (born 21 July 1990) is an English cricketer who played for England in One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 International (T20I) cricket, and previously played for the Test team. In domestic cricket, he represents Surrey, and has played in multiple Twenty20 leagues around the world.

Born in South Africa, Roy moved to England as a child. He made his T20I debut in 2014, his ODI debut in 2015, and played for the Test team in 2019. He was part of the England team that won the 2019 Cricket World Cup.

Roy plays as a right-handed opening batter. Along with Alex Hales, he holds the England record for highest ODI partnership, of 256* against Sri Lanka during their 2016 tour of England, and previously held the England record for highest ODI score (180 against Australia during England's 2018 tour). Roy was the first batter to be given out for obstructing the field in T20Is.

Result (cricket)
The result in a game of cricket may be a "win" for one of the two teams playing, or a "tie". In the case of a limited overs game, the game can also end with "no result" if the game cannot be finished on time (usually due to weather or bad light), and in other forms of cricket, a "draw" may be possible. Which of these results applies, and how the result is expressed, is governed by Law 16 of the laws of cricket.
Caledon Canadians
The Caledon Canadians are a defunct Junior "A" ice hockey team from Caledon, Ontario, Canada.  They were a part of the Metro Junior A Hockey League and were the only team in the "Metro" to win an Ontario Hockey Association Junior "A" Championship.

Couchiching Terriers
The Couchiching Terriers were a Junior A ice hockey team from Rama, Ontario, Canada from Lake Couchiching.  The team originated in neighbouring Orillia, Ontario, and played in the Ontario Junior A Hockey League.  The Terriers were 1985 Centennial Cup National Champions and three time Dudley Hewitt Cup Central Canadian Champions (1984, 1985, 1986).  The team folded in 2010 when offered a buyout from the league.
Tasnim Jara
Tasnim Jara (Bengali: তাসনিম জারা; born 7 October 1994) is a Bangladeshi physician, researcher, entrepreneur, social media personality and politician, who has formerly served as the Senior Joint Member Secretary of the National Citizen Party (NCP) before leaving the party in December 2025.

Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) is a public medical college and hospital located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Established in 1946, the college houses a medical school as well as a tertiary care hospital on its campus.
Carroll County Court House (New Hampshire)
The Carroll County Court House is a historic former courthouse at 20 Courthouse Square in Ossipee, New Hampshire. Built in 1916, it is the county's oldest surviving courthouse, and a prominent local example of Colonial Revival architecture. It housed county offices until the 1970s, was a courthouse until 2004, and now houses the Ossipee Historical Society. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007, and the New Hampshire State Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Ossipee, New Hampshire
Ossipee is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,372 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Carroll County. Ossipee, which includes several villages, is a resort area and home to part of Pine River State Forest.
2017 Xuzhou kindergarten bombing
On 15 June 2017, a bombing at a kindergarten in Feng County, Jiangsu, east China, killed at least eight people and injured 65 others. The perpetrator, 22-year-old Xu Taoran, died in the blast. Subsequent investigation revealed that Xu was mentally ill and obsessed with death and destruction. The blast occurred at the entrance of the kindergarten, while children were leaving school. Two people died on the spot, and five succumbed to injuries at the hospital. Nine remained in critical condition in the aftermath. Due to the shattering bomb parts, over 60 people were injured and needed medical attention.

The Fengxian county government stated that the casualties did not include any of the kindergarten's children or teachers, as class had not yet been dismissed.

Feng County, Jiangsu
Feng County, or Fengxian (simplified Chinese: 丰县; traditional Chinese: 豐縣; pinyin: Fēng Xiàn), is under the administration of Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China. Being the northwesternmost and westernmost county-level division in both Xuzhou and the province, it borders the provinces of Shandong to the north and west, and Anhui to the south. It is well known for its approximately 11,120 acres (or 450,000 ares) of Fuji apple trees.
2nd Space Launch Squadron
The 2nd Space Launch Squadron is an active United States Space Force unit.  It is located at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, and was reactivated in July 2019 with the merger of the 4th Space Launch Squadron and the 1st Air and Space Test Squadron.

1st Test and Evaluation Squadron
The 1st Test and Evaluation Squadron (1 TES) is a United States Space Force test and evaluation unit, located at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado. The squadron is tasked with testing and evaluation of command and control systems for Space Operations Command.

1 TES was activated on 27 August 2021 and assigned to Space Delta 12, Space Training and Readiness Command.
Rock Legends: Buffalo
Rock Legends: Buffalo is a compilation album by Australian hard rock band Buffalo, issued in 1980 via PolyGram/Vertigo Records. Buffalo had been active from 1971 to 1977 and provided five studio albums, Dead Forever... (1972), Volcanic Rock (1973), Only Want You for Your Body (1974), Mother's Choice (1976) and Average Rock 'n' Roller (1977).

Average Rock 'n' Roller
Average Rock 'n' Roller is the fifth and final studio album for Australian rock band Buffalo, recorded in 1976 and originally released in 1977 on the Vertigo label. 

The album was remastered and reissued in December 2006 by Australian record label Aztec Music on CD with additional tracks – which are solo recordings by vocalist Dave Tice, originally released as a single during 1976.
Gmina Jeżewo
Gmina Jeżewo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Jeżewo, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north of Świecie, 54 km (34 mi) north of Toruń, and 55 km (34 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.

The gmina covers an area of 155.93 square kilometres (60.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,736.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Wda Landscape Park.

Świecie County
Świecie County (Polish: powiat świecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świecie, which lies 45 km (28 mi) north of Toruń and 45 km (28 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz. The only other town in the county is Nowe, lying 33 km (21 mi) north-east of Świecie.

The county covers an area of 1,472.78 square kilometres (568.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 99,154, out of which the population of Świecie is 25,723, that of Nowe is 5,827, and the rural population is 67,604.
Don't Let Go (Jerry Garcia Band album)
Don't Let Go is the third live album, and fourth album overall, by the Jerry Garcia Band. It includes the complete May 21, 1976 performance at the Orpheum Theatre in San Francisco, with a bonus track recorded on September 11, 1976 at the Keystone in Berkeley.  It was released on January 23, 2001.

From January 1976 to August 1977, the lineup of the Jerry Garcia Band was the one featured on this recording – Jerry Garcia on guitar and vocals, Keith Godchaux on keyboards, Donna Jean Godchaux on vocals, John Kahn on bass, and Ron Tutt on drums.  Two other albums recorded by this lineup are Pure Jerry: Theatre 1839, San Francisco, July 29 & 30, 1977 and Garcia Live Volume Seven.

Jerry Garcia plays a Travis Bean guitar on this recording.

Garcia Live Volume Seven
Garcia Live Volume Seven is a two-disc live album by the Jerry Garcia Band.  It contains the complete concert recorded on November 8, 1976 at Sophie's in Palo Alto, California. It was released on August 19, 2016.

From January 1976 to August 1977 the members of the Jerry Garcia Band were Jerry Garcia on guitar and vocals, Keith Godchaux on keyboards, Donna Jean Godchaux on vocals, John Kahn on bass, and Ron Tutt on drums.
Vector Institute (Canada)
The Vector Institute (French: Institut Vecteur) is a private, non-profit artificial intelligence research institute in Toronto founded in 2017, focusing primarily on machine learning and deep learning research. As of 2023, it consists of 143 faculty members and affiliates — 38 of whom are CIFAR AI chairs — 57 postdoctoral fellows, and 502 students. Along with the University of Toronto, the Vector Institute is affiliated with faculty from universities across Ontario, as well as British Columbia and Nova Scotia.

Along with Montreal's Mila and Alberta's Amii, the Vector Institute is a member of the Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy.

Applications of artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is the capability of the  computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. Artificial intelligence has been used in applications throughout industry and academia. Within the field of Artificial Intelligence, there are multiple subfields. The subfield of Machine learning has been used for various scientific and commercial purposes including language translation, image recognition, decision-making, credit scoring, and e-commerce. In recent years, there have been massive advancements in the field of generative artificial intelligence, which uses generative models to produce text, images, videos or other forms of data. This article describes applications of AI in different sectors.
Juan Vélaz de Medrano y Mauleon
Juan Vélaz de Medrano y Mauleon y Navarra (b. 16th century, Igúzquiza) was a baron, lord, nobleman and knight from the House of Medrano. Juan was the owner of the Palace of Vélaz de Medrano and the hereditary baron and lord of Igúzquiza, Agos, Aguinano, Orendain, Zabala, Arroniz, and 5th lord of Learza during the reign of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Juan Vélaz de Medrano was a descendant of Kings Henry I of Navarre from the House of Blois; Charles II of Navarre from the House of Évreux; and King Philip III of Navarre and Joan II, Queen of Navarre, from the House of Capet (the most senior line of the royal Capetian dynasty).

Igúzquiza
Igúzquiza (Basque: Iguzkitza) is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. Igúzquiza is 4 km from Estella and 50.03 km from the capital of the community, Pamplona. It covers an area of 18.02 km² (roughly 6.95 miles) and Its population in 2023 was 	301 inhabitants.
Elene
Elene is a poem in Old English, that is sometimes known as Saint Helena Finds the True Cross. It was translated from a Latin text and is the longest of Cynewulf's four signed poems. It is the last of six poems appearing in the Vercelli manuscript, which also contains The Fates of the Apostles, Andreas, Soul and Body I, the Homiletic Fragment I and Dream of the Rood. The poem is the first English account of the finding of the Holy Cross by Saint Helena, the mother of Emperor Constantine.  The poem was written by Cynewulf some time between 750 and the tenth century.  It is written in a West Saxon dialect, but certain Anglianisms and metrical evidence concerning false rhymes suggest it was composed in an Anglian rather than Saxon dialect.  It is 1,321 lines long.

Andreas (poem)
Andreas is an Old English poem, which tells the story of St. Andrew the Apostle, while commenting on the literary role of the "hero". It is believed to be a translation of a Latin work, which is originally derived from the Greek story The Acts of Andrew and Matthew in the City of Anthropophagi, dated around the 4th century. However, the author of Andreas added the aspect of the Germanic hero to the Greek story to create the poem Andreas, where St. Andrew is depicted as an Old English warrior, fighting against evil forces. This allows Andreas to have both poetic and religious significance.
Pretty Little Adriana
"Pretty Little Adriana" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill.  It was released in October 1996 as the third single from the album High Lonesome Sound.  The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, behind Brooks & Dunn's "A Man This Lonely" and it won Gill a Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance.

A Man This Lonely
"A Man This Lonely" is a song written by Ronnie Dunn and Tommy Lee James, and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn. Dunn and James, who played guitar in Brooks & Dunn's backing band at the time, wrote the song while on tour in Canada. It was released in December 1996 as the fourth single from Brooks & Dunn's album Borderline.  It reached number 1 on Billboard magazine's Hot Country Songs chart.
Betty Plant
Betty Alice Plant QSM (11 January 1920 – 15 November 2002) was a New Zealand netball player. She played as centre and was captain of the New Zealand team in the third Test against the touring Australian team in 1948. She was later active in netball administration and Guiding, and was closely involved in saving Old St Paul's, Wellington, from demolition in the 1960s. In 1979, she became verger of St Paul's Cathedral, Wellington, the first woman to be appointed to the role.

GirlGuiding New Zealand
GirlGuiding New Zealand (in Māori Ngā Kōhine Whakamahiri o Aotearoa) is the national Guiding organisation in New Zealand. GirlGuiding New Zealand currently splits New Zealand into 10 regions around the country with approximately 10,000 members (as of the beginning of 2016).

The organisation is known for its biscuits.

There are three main principles to Guiding, remembered by the trefoil and the three fingered salute. These are: To be true to yourself and develop your beliefs, to live by the Guide Law, and to take action for a better world.

All girls, regardless of race, faith or other circumstances, may become enrolled members of GirlGuiding New Zealand as long as they are able to understand, and are willing to make the promise. Pippins do not make the promise.
Neu–Laxova syndrome
Neu–Laxova syndrome (NLS, also known as Neu syndrome; Neu-Povýsilová syndrome; or 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency, neonate form)
is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe intrauterine growth restriction and multiple congenital malformations. Neu–Laxova syndrome is a very severe disorder, leading to stillbirth or death shortly after birth. It was first described by Dr. Richard Neu in 1971 and Dr. Renata Laxova in 1972 as a lethal disorder in siblings with multiple malformations. Neu–Laxova syndrome is an extremely rare disorder with fewer than 100 cases reported in medical literature.

Serine
Serine
/ˈsɪəriːn/
(symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid. It is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC.