hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cis-Urocanic acid
cis-Urocanic acid (cis-UCA) is a chemical compound produced by ultraviolet irradiation of trans-urocanic acid, a metabolite naturally formed in the body from histidine. cis-Urocanic acid is suspected of involvement in the development of skin cancer. It acts as an immunosuppressant through action as an agonist of the 5-HT2A receptor, and blocking this receptor has been shown to reduce cis-UCA mediated photocarcinogenesis. However the immunomodulatory effects of cis-UCA are complex and also involve other pathways, and at low levels it shows antiinflammatory actions and may be protective against UV damage in the cornea and retina. Measuring cis-UCA has been proposed as a sensitive method to detect sub-erythemal response to UVB, and thus a means to assess the UVR protection of suncreams.

Histidine
Histidine (symbol His or H) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated –NH3+ form under biological conditions), a carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO− form under biological conditions), and an imidazole side chain (which is partially protonated), classifying it as a positively charged amino acid at physiological pH. Initially thought essential only for infants, it has now been shown in longer-term studies to be essential for adults also. It is encoded by the codons CAU and CAC.

Histidine was first isolated by Albrecht Kossel and Sven Gustaf Hedin in 1896. The name stems from its discovery in tissue, from ἱστός histós "tissue". It is also a precursor to histamine, a vital inflammatory agent in immune responses. The acyl radical is histidyl.
Ricks Memorial Library
The B.S. Ricks Memorial Library is a historic library in Yazoo City, Mississippi. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1975. It is located at 310 North Main Street. The library was founded in 1838 as a membership library. In 1900 Fannie Ricks helped fund construction of the B. S. Ricks Memorial Library building, named after her late husband General B.S. Ricks. It opened in 1901 and had its formal dedication on January 1, 1902. It remains in use.

Yazoo City, Mississippi
Yazoo City is a city in and the county seat of Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States. It was named after the Yazoo River, which, in turn was named by the French explorer Robert La Salle in 1682 as "Rivière des Yazous" in reference to the Yazoo tribe living near the river's mouth. Yazoo City is the principal city of the Yazoo City Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Jackson–Yazoo City Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Yazoo City had a population of 10,316.
De Grisogono
De Grisogono is a Swiss luxury jeweller founded in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1993 by Lebanese-Italian black diamond specialist Fawaz Gruosi. The Italian name Grisogono is derived from the Latin Chrysogonus which comes from the Greek Chrysogonos χρῡσό-γονος, meaning "begotten of gold". The company filed for bankruptcy on 29 January 2020. In 2022 it was bought by the Damac Group of Dubai.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Danube Gorge (Weltenburg)
The Danube Gorge near Weltenburg (German: Donaudurchbruch bei Weltenburg) is a narrow section of the Danube Valley in the Lower Bavarian county of Kelheim, which has been recognised as a nature reserve and geotope. This section of the valley in the southern Franconian Jura is officially called the Weltenburg Narrows (Weltenburger Enge).

Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (German: Niederbayern, pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌbaɪɐn] ⓘ; Bavarian: Niedabayern, Niadabayern, Niedabayan or Niadabayan) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It consists of nine districts and 258 municipalities (including three cities).
Murder of Aiwa Matsuo
On July 26, 2014, 15-year-old female Japanese high school student Aiwa Matsuo (松尾 愛和, Matsuo Aiwa) was murdered by a 15-year-old female classmate. The killing took place in the suspect's apartment in Sasebo, Nagasaki Prefecture, where Matsuo was beaten with a metal tool, strangled to death, and then partially dismembered and decapitated. In Japan, this case is known as the Sasebo high-school girl murder case (佐世保女子高生殺害事件, Sasebo Joshikōsei Satsugai jiken).

Sasebo
Sasebo (佐世保市, Sasebo-shi) is a core city located in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is the second-largest city in Nagasaki Prefecture, after its capital, Nagasaki. As of 1 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 230,873 in 102,670 households, and a  population density of 540 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 426.01 km2 (164.48 sq mi).
Barbara Jaruzelska
Halina Barbara Jaruzelska (née Ryfa; 23 January 1931 – 29 May 2017) was a Polish academic, philologist, and professor of German studies and language. Jaruzelska was the First Lady of Poland from 1985 to 1990 during the government of her husband, General Wojciech Jaruzelski, the President of the Polish People's Republic (1985–1989) and the President of the Republic of Poland (1989–1990). Professionally, Jaruzelska worked as a lecturer and German philology professor at the Institute of Applied Linguistics at the University of Warsaw.

Jaruzelska died in on 29 May 2017, aged 86. Her funeral was held at Saint Charles Borromeo Church in Warsaw on 6 June 2017. She is interred in Powązki Cemetery.

First Lady of Poland
First Lady of the Republic of Poland is an informal designation customarily applied to the wife of the president of the Republic of Poland (as so far all Polish president in Third Republic had wives). The First Lady does not hold a constitutional position and there are no political duties associated with the role. However, the first lady sometimes accompanies her husband on formal occasions such as state visits.

The current Polish first lady is Marta Nawrocka.
Call of Duty Endowment
The Call of Duty Endowment (C.O.D.E.) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit foundation co-created by Bobby Kotick, the former CEO of Activision Blizzard, and General James L. Jones, Jr., a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general, to help U.S., and later, U.K. military veterans find high-quality careers. The Endowment funds non-profit organizations that help former service members transition to high quality civilian careers after their military service and raises awareness of the value veterans bring to the workplace. The name of the Endowment is a reference to the video game series Call of Duty.

Primary partners receiving Endowment funding today include AMVETS (since 2011), Vet Jobs (since 2013), Hire Heroes USA (since 2010), JVS SoCal (since 2014), Operation: Job Ready Veterans (since 2015), The Forces Employment Charity (since 2017), Still Serving Veterans (since 2011), US VETS (since 2013), Veterans Inc. (since 2013), and Walking With The Wounded (since 2017).

U.S. Army Esports
U.S. Army Esports is an esports team sponsored by the United States Army. The team, which consists of active duty and reserve personnel, was announced in November 2018 as a public outreach initiative operating within the Fort Knox, Kentucky-based Army Marketing and Engagement Team. Games in which the team announced it would compete include video games such as Call of Duty, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, Fortnite, League of Legends, and Overwatch, as well as tabletop games such as Magic: The Gathering and Warhammer 40,000.

In 2020, U.S. military esports activities garnered widespread media attention after a successful legal battle led by the ACLU forced them to lift the bans on the people they had removed for discussing war crimes committed by U.S. armed forces.
Oka Domain
Oka Domain (岡藩, Oka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Ōita Prefecture. It was centered around Oka Castle in what is now the city of Taketa, Ōita and was ruled by the tozama daimyō Nakagawa clan for all of its history. It had the largest kokudaka of any domain in former Bungo Province. It was also sometimes referred to as Takata Domain (竹田藩, Takata-han)

Oka Castle
Oka Castle (岡城, Oka-jō) was a Sengoku to Edo period yamajiro-style Japanese castle located in the city of Taketa, Ōita Prefecture, Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 2023.
Kamengrad coal mine
The Kamengrad Coal Mine is a coal mine located in the Una-Sana Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The mine has coal reserves amounting to 284.7 million tonnes of lignite, one of the largest coal reserves in Europe and the world. The mine has an annual production capacity of 0.4 million tonnes of coal
and provides fuel to the Kamengrad lignite power plant.

Una-Sana Canton
The Una-Sana Canton (Bosnian: Unsko-sanski kanton; Croatian: Unsko-sanska županija; Serbian: Унско-сански кантон, romanized: Unsko-sanski kanton) is a federated state and one of the ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the northwest of the country, a region known as Bosanska Krajina, and has been named after the rivers Una and Sana. Its cantonal seat is the city of Bihać.

The canton is bordered by Republika Srpska from the east, the Canton 10 from the southeast, and Croatia from the south, west, and north. The majority of the population is Bosniak (90%).
Raymundo Taco Sabio
Raymundo Taco Sabio (2 March 1946 – 16 September 2022) was a Filipino Roman Catholic priest.

Sabio was born in the Philippines and was ordained to the priesthood un 1971. He was a member of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart since 1969. Sabio served as the prefect of the Apostolic Prefecture of the Marshall Islands from 2007 until his resignation in 2017.

Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
The Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (MSC; Latin: Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis; French: Missionnaires du Sacré-Coeur) are a missionary congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1854 by Jules Chevalier at Issoudun, France, in the Diocese of Bourges.

The motto of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart is: May the Sacred Heart of Jesus be loved everywhere! The priests, deacons and brothers of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart are known as MSCs (from the Latin, Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis). The international headquarters is in Rome with numerous communities throughout the world.
Calochortus pulchellus
Calochortus pulchellus is a rare species of flowering plant in the lily family known by the common name Mt. Diablo fairy-lantern or Mount Diablo globelily.

Calochortus pulchellus is endemic to California, where it is mainly restricted to Mount Diablo of the Diablo Range, in Contra Costa County of the eastern San Francisco Bay Area. There are historical occurrences in the North California Coast Ranges, within Marin, Solano, Napa, and Humboldt Counties.

It grows in chaparral and woodland habitats, currently only known on the bayside−western slopes of Mount Diablo.

California chaparral and woodlands
The California chaparral and woodlands is a terrestrial ecoregion of southwestern Oregon, northern, central, and southern California (United States) and northwestern Baja California (Mexico), located on the west coast of North America. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, and part of the Nearctic realm.
Downtown Sarasota Historic District
Downtown Sarasota Historic District is a 19 acres (7.7 ha) historic district in Sarasota, Florida. It is bound by 1st Street, Orange Avenue, State Street, Gulf Stream Avenue and North Pineapple Avenue. On April 9, 2009, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

The historic district consists of 51 buildings. Six contributing properties in the district have been listed individually on the National Register:

American National Bank Building

DeMarcay Hotel

Kress Building

Roth Cigar Factory

Edwards Theatre

Worth's Block.

Sarasota Opera House
The Sarasota Opera House (originally the Edwards Theatre) is a historic theater building used as an opera house at 61 North Pineapple Avenue in Sarasota, Florida. The building was the vision of A.B. Edwards, the first mayor of Sarasota. It opened on April 10, 1926, with a three-story entrance containing eight shops on the ground floor, 12 offices on the second floor, and 12 furnished apartments on the third. The theatre's auditorium contained an orchestral pipe organ. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune hailed Edwards for "having admitted Sarasota into a fairyland of costly decoration, rich furnishings and never to be forgotten artistry."

The building was designed by Roy A. Benjamin in Mediterranean Revival Style Architecture and constructed by the GA Miller Construction Company.

The theatre is the home of the Sarasota Opera Association, Inc., which owns the building. The Association is the parent body that runs the Sarasota Opera. It has 1,119 seats.
2014 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament was the 33rd annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division II women's  collegiate basketball in the United States.

Bentley defeated West Texas A&M in the championship game, 73–65, to claim the Falcons' first NCAA Division II national title.

The championship rounds were contested at the Erie Insurance Arena in Erie, Pennsylvania.

NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament (officially styled as "Championship" instead of "Tournament") is an annual tournament to determine the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II women's college basketball national champion.

Basketball was one of 12 women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981–82 school year, as the NCAA and Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) sought for sole governance of women's collegiate athletics. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championships; however, after a year of dual women's championships at the national level, the AIAW disbanded.

The 2020 Elite Eight was due to be held at the Birmingham CrossPlex in Birmingham, AL before the NCAA called off the tournament due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

The field was reduced to 48 in 2021 and returned to the normal 64 in 2022.

Grand Valley State are the defending national champions, winning their second national title in 2025.
Ambika Basnet
Ambika Basnet (Nepali: अम्विका बस्नेत) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Nepali Congress Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the Khas people category.

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
National Security Council (Turkey)
The National Security Council (Turkish: Milli Güvenlik Kurulu, MGK) is the principal government agency used by the President of Turkey (who is the commander-in-chief) for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters with senior national security officials, and for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. Like the national security councils of other countries, the MGK develops the national security policy.

The policy is expressed in the National Security Policy Document (Turkish: Milli Güvenlik Siyaseti Belgesi), commonly known as "The Red Book".
The Red Book is sometimes called the "most secret" document in Turkey. It is updated once or twice a decade.

1960 Turkish coup d'état
The 1960 Turkish coup d'état (Turkish: 27 Mayıs Darbesi), also known as the 27 May Revolution (Turkish: 27 Mayıs İhtilali or 27 Mayıs Devrimi), was the first coup d'état in the Republic of Turkey. It took place on 27 May 1960. The coup was staged by a group of 38 young Turkish military officers, acting outside the military chain of command. The officers were de facto led by Cemal Madanoğlu until the actual coup date. After a threat by Ragıp Gümüşpala that he would move to quell the coup unless it was led by someone with a higher military rank than himself, the officers brought in General Cemal Gürsel as their leader. The coup was carried out against the democratically elected government of the Democrat Party, and ultimately resulted in the execution of its prime minister, Adnan Menderes, alongside two of his ministers, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan.
MAT-76 mine
The MAT-76 is a large circular Romanian minimum metal anti-tank blast mine. It is similar to the MAT-62B mine, sharing a fuze. The mine is actually a cast block of TNT with a thin coating of fibreglass. The mine has a central fuze well that normally uses a P-62 pressure fuze, although it can be used with any of the fuzes designed for the Russian TM-62 and TM-72 series of mines. The bakelite plastic used in the fuze of a MAT-76 may become brittle in desert conditions, which can reduce the activation pressure. This may make the mine unstable i.e. can detonate simply by handling it. The mine is found in Angola, Iraq, Kuwait, Liberia, Mozambique, and Zambia.

TM-62
The TM-62 is a series of Soviet anti-tank blast mines produced in various variants. It served as the primary anti-tank landmine for the Soviet military. It has a central fuze and typically a 7.5 kilograms (17 lb) explosive charge, but the variants differ greatly in detail. The mine can be laid manually or automatically from a mine laying machine including the PMR-1, PMR-2 wheeled towed mine layers, the GMZ-3 tracked mine laying vehicle and the VMR-2 helicopter mine laying system. The TM-62 can be fitted with the same fuzes as the TM-72, which include MVN-72 and MVN-80 fuzes, which are vibration and magnetism sensitive. The mine was used in the Russo-Ukrainian war for antitank and antipersonnel use (as satchel charges).
1988 Cumnock and Doon Valley District Council election
Elections to Cumnock and Doon Valley District Council were held on 5 May 1988, on the same day as the other Scottish local government elections. This was the fifth election to the district council following the local government reforms in the 1970s.

The election used the 10 wards created by the Initial Statutory Reviews of Electoral Arrangements in 1981. Each ward elected one councillor using first-past-the-post voting.

Labour maintained a large majority on the district council after winning eight of the 10 seats although four wards were uncontested after only Labour stood a candidate. Labour's vote share fell by 8.9% as they lost two seats from previous election in 1984. The newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) won a seat in Cumnock and Doon Valley for the first time – their only seat in Scotland at the 1988 elections – and the remaining seat was won by Independent Labour.

1988 Scottish local elections
Local elections were held in Scotland on 5 May 1988, to elect members to all 53 district councils under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, which had established the two-tier system of regions and districts.
Modern Chinese poetry
Modern Chinese poetry, including New poetry (traditional Chinese: 新詩; simplified Chinese: 新诗; pinyin: xīnshī), refers to post Qing dynasty (1644 to 1912) Chinese poetry, including the modern vernacular (baihua) style of poetry increasingly common with the New Culture and 4 May 1919 movements, with the development of experimental styles such as "free verse" (as opposed to the traditional Chinese poetry written in Classical Chinese language); but, also including twentieth and twenty-first century continuations or revivals of Classical Chinese poetry forms. Some modern Chinese poetry represents major new and modern developments in the poetry of one of the world's larger areas, as well as other important areas sharing this linguistic affinity. One of the first poets and theorist in the modern Chinese poetry mode was Hu Shih (1891–1962).

Literary modernism
Modernist literature originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is characterised by a self-conscious separation from traditional ways of writing in both poetry and prose fiction writing. Modernism experimented with literary form and expression, as exemplified by Ezra Pound's maxim to "Make it new". This literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of the time. The immense human costs of the First World War saw the prevailing assumptions about society reassessed, and much modernist writing engages with the technological advances and societal changes of modernity moving into the 20th century. In Modernist Literature, Mary Ann Gillies notes that these literary themes share the "centrality of a conscious break with the past", one that "emerges as a complex response across continents and disciplines to a changing world".
Viroliubivka
Viroliubivka (Ukrainian: Віролюбівка; Russian: Веролюбовка) is a village in Kostiantynivka urban hromada, Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is located 66.33 kilometres (41.22 mi) north by west (NbW) from the centre of Donetsk city.

Kostiantynivka urban hromada
Kostiantynivka urban hromada (Ukrainian: Костянтинівська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Kostiantynivka.

It has an area of 467.4 square kilometres (180.5 sq mi) and a population of 73,979, as of 2020.
Percy Scholes
Percy Alfred Scholes (pronounced skolz; 24 July 1877 – 31 July 1958) was an English musician, journalist, vegetarianism activist and prolific writer, whose best-known achievement was his compilation of the first edition of the Oxford Companion to Music. His 1948 biography The Great Dr Burney was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize.

James Tait Black Memorial Prize
The James Tait Black Memorial Prizes are literary prizes awarded for literature written in the English language. They, along with the Hawthornden Prize, are Britain's oldest literary awards. Based at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, United Kingdom, the prizes were founded in 1919 by Janet Coats Black in memory of her late husband, James Tait Black, a partner in the publishing house of A & C Black Ltd. Prizes are awarded in two categories: Fiction and Biography. A Drama prize was awarded from 2013-2019.