hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catherine Lalumière
Catherine Lalumière (born 3 August 1935) is a French politician of the Radical Party of the Left.

Before her political career, she lectured on public law at the University of Rennes and Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University. She began a foray into politics in 1981 as Minister of Consumption in the cabinet of Pierre Mauroy, and held several offices throughout the 1980s.

She served as Secretary General of the Council of Europe from 1989 to 1994, and became a member of the European Parliament in 1994, re-elected in 1999 until 2004.

She served as vice-president of the International European Movement where she chaired the Working Group on Enlargement.

Lalumière is currently President of the Maison de l'Europe de Paris. Since December 2021, she is the founding president of the Pierre and Catherine Lalumière Foundation, hosted by the Fondation de France.

Secretary General of the Council of Europe
The secretary general of the Council of Europe (French: secrétaire général du Conseil de l'Europe) is elected by the Parliamentary Assembly from a shortlist proposed by the Committee of Ministers for a term of five years.

The secretary general is entrusted with the responsibility of meeting the aim for which the Council of Europe was set up in London on 5 May 1949, namely to achieve greater unity between its member states for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage and facilitating their economic and social progress.

Although the secretary general's powers are not clearly defined, in practice the holder has overall responsibility for the strategic management of the Council of Europe's work programme and budget and oversees the day-to-day running of the Organisation and Secretariat.
Highland, Lake County, Indiana
Highland is a town in Lake County, Indiana, United States. The population was 23,984 at the 2020 census. The town was incorporated on April 4, 1910. It is a part of the Chicago metropolitan area and North Township, and is surrounded by Hammond to the north, Munster to the west, Schererville to the south and Griffith to the east.

Erie Lackawanna Railway
The Erie Lackawanna Railway (reporting mark EL), known as the Erie Lackawanna Railroad until 1968, was formed from the 1960 merger of the Erie Railroad and the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad. The official motto of the line was "The Friendly Service Route".

Like many for-profit railroads in the northeast already financially vulnerable from the expanding U.S. Interstate Highway System (which operates at a financial loss), the line was severely weakened fiscally by the extent, duration and record flood levels due to Hurricane Agnes in 1972. It would never recover. Most of the corporation's holdings became part of Conrail in 1976, ending its sixteen years as an independent operating railroad company.
Catalan orthography
The Catalan and Valencian orthographies encompass the spelling and punctuation of standard Catalan (set by the IEC) and Valencian (set by the AVL). There are also several adapted variants to the peculiarities of local dialects of Insular Catalan (Alguerese and the Balearic subdialects).

Pompeu Fabra
Pompeu Fabra i Poch (Catalan pronunciation: [pumˈpɛw ˈfaβɾə]; 20 February 1868 – 25 December 1948) was a Catalan engineer, linguist, and grammarian. He was the main author of the normative reform of the contemporary Catalan language and is considered the father of modern Catalan grammar. The Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona is named after him.

Fabra was known as the "wise organizer of the Catalan language" for his pioneering work establishing the modern norms of the language.

The Catalan writer Josep Pla wrote that "Fabra has been the most important Catalan of our time because he is the only citizen of this country, at this time, who, having set out to achieve a specific public and general goal, accomplished it in an explicit and indisputable way."
Kokatahi River
The Kokatahi River is a river of the West Coast Region of New Zealand's South Island. A major tributary of the Hokitika River, it flows northwest from its origins on the northern slopes of Mount Ambrose, reaching the Hokitika River 12 kilometres from  the latter's mouth at Hokitika. The two rivers between them share one of the West Coast's larger floodplains.

Hokitika
Hokitika is a town in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Greymouth, and close to the mouth of the Hokitika River. It is the seat and largest town in the Westland District. The town's estimated population is 3,420 as of June 2025.

On a clear day Aoraki / Mount Cook can clearly be seen from Hokitika's main street.
Nogent-sur-Marne
Nogent-sur-Marne (French pronunciation: [nɔʒɑ̃ syʁ maʁn]) is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 10.6 km (6.6 mi) from the centre of Paris. Nogent-sur-Marne is a sous-préfecture of the Val-de-Marne département, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Nogent-sur-Marne.

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
Early life of William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads. His early years were dominated by his experience of old Trafford around the Lake District and the English moors. Dorothy Wordsworth, his sister, served as his early companion until their mother's death and their separation when he was sent to school.

Penrith, Cumbria
Penrith (/ˈpɛnrɪθ/, /pɛnˈrɪθ/) is a market town and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It is less than 3 miles (5 km) outside the Lake District National Park and about 17 miles (27 km) south of Carlisle. It is between the Rivers Petteril and Eamont and just north of the River Lowther. It was historically part of Cumberland.
1998–99 Kent Football League
The 1998–99 Kent Football League season (known as the Winstonlead Kent League for sponsorship reasons) was the 33rd in the history of Kent Football League a football competition in England.

The League structure comprised two divisions: a Premier Division together with a Reserves Section league, Division One. The two divisions had been renamed respectively from Division One and Division Two of the previous season. Reserves teams were not permitted in the Premier Division. Additionally there were two league cup competitions: the Challenge Cup for the Premier Division clubs and another for the teams in the Reserves Section.

From this season onwards the grounds where Premier Division matches were played were required to have floodlights.

Ramsgate F.C.
Ramsgate Football Club are a football team based in Ramsgate, Kent, England. They are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division.  The club was founded in 1945 and was known as Ramsgate Athletic until 1972.  After playing in the original Kent League in the 1950s, Ramsgate joined the Southern League in 1959.  In 1976 they resigned from this league and returned to county-level competition in a new Kent League.  In 2005 Ramsgate gained promotion to the Isthmian League Division One and secured a second consecutive promotion to the Premier Division a year later.  Ramsgate were relegated in 2009 and have since played at the seventh level of the English football league system.

Ramsgate play at Southwood Stadium, which has undergone significant improvement since 2020, including the laying of a new 3G pitch.  The main local rivals of the club are Margate who are situated just four miles away. When the two teams meet, it is known as the Thanet derby.
Elgin Children's Chorus
The Elgin Children's Chorus is an after-school choir program in Elgin, Illinois for children ages seven to sixteen. It was co-founded by Jay Kellner and Kay Paulson and was originally made up of 45 singers from Kimball, Larson, and Ellis Middle Schools.  Now they meet at Elgin Community College and have almost 100 children in the program. The Elgin Children's Chorus has traveled to Europe several times, and they perform with groups like the Elgin Symphony Orchestra, Elgin Choral Union, and Heartland Voices. It was announced on November 9, 2015 via Facebook that the chorus will be ceasing operations after the December 2015 concert after 30 years.

Elgin, Illinois
Elgin (/ˈɛldʒɪn/ EL-jin) is a city in Cook and Kane counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Chicago along the Fox River. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 114,797, making it the sixth-most populous city in the state.
Oleg Markov
Oleg Markov (Belarusian: Олег Маркаў, born 8 May 1996) is a professional Australian rules footballer who last played for Collingwood in the Australian Football League (AFL).

He had previously played for Richmond after being selected in the 2015 AFL draft. He made his AFL debut in round 16 of the 2016 season. He was traded to Gold Coast after the 2020 season, where he played 2 seasons before being signed by the Collingwood Football Club.

Gold Coast Suns
The Gold Coast Suns, officially the Gold Coast Football Club, are a professional Australian rules football club that competes in the Australian Football League (AFL). The club is based on the Gold Coast in Queensland.

Founded in 2009, the club has been playing in the AFL since the 2011 season. It plays home matches at Carrara Stadium (known for commercial purposes as People First Stadium) and has its training and administrative facilities located at the adjacent Gold Coast Sports and Leisure Centre. The club is one of two AFL clubs based in Queensland, the other being its main rival, the Brisbane Lions, which it competes against in the QClash.

In addition to the men's team, the Suns field other teams, including an AFL Women's side, a reserves side in the Victorian Football League, and a Gold Coast Suns Academy side consisting of the club's best junior development signings. It also competes in Division 2 of the men's, women's underage championships, and the Talent League.
Yeo Jia Min
Yeo Jia Min (Chinese: 楊佳敏; pinyin: Yáng Jiāmǐn; born 1 February 1999) is a Singaporean badminton player. She is a former World Junior No.1 and the first Singaporean in either the junior or senior categories to made it to the top of the BWF's ranking system.

Han Yue
Han Yue (Chinese: 韩悦; pinyin: Hán Yuè; Wade–Giles: Han Yue; born 18 November 1999) is a Chinese badminton player. She won the girls' singles title at the 2017 Asian Junior Championships, and the mixed team title at the World Junior Championships. Han was a part of the national team that won the 2019 Tong Yun Kai Cup. Her best achievements in an individual event were becoming the champion at the BWF World Tour Super 300 2018 Syed Modi International and the 2022 Hylo Open.
Palmar carpal arch
The palmar carpal arch is a joining of an artery to an artery, a circulatory anastomosis, known as an arterio-arterial anastomosis. The two connected arteries are the palmar carpal branch of the radial artery and the palmar carpal branch of the ulnar artery.

This anastomosis is joined by a branch from the anterior interosseous artery above, and by recurrent branches from the deep palmar arch below, thus forming a palmar carpal network which supplies the articulations of the wrist and carpus.

Palmar carpal branch of radial artery
The palmar carpal branch of the radial artery is a small branch of the radial artery which arises near the lower border of the pronator quadratus, and, running across the front of the carpus, anastomoses with the palmar carpal branch of the ulnar artery.
Glossary of aerospace engineering
This glossary of aerospace engineering terms pertains specifically to aerospace engineering, its sub-disciplines, and related fields including aviation and aeronautics. For a broad overview of engineering, see glossary of engineering.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
Canadian Geospace Monitoring
Canadian Geospace Monitoring (CGSM) is a Canadian space science program that was initiated in 2005. CGSM is funded primarily by the Canadian Space Agency, and consists of networks of imagers, meridian scanning photometers, riometers, magnetometers, digital ionosondes, and High Frequency SuperDARN radars. The overarching objective of CGSM is to provide synoptic observations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the ionospheric thermodynamics and electrodynamics at auroral and polar latitudes over a large region of Canada.

Space weather
Space weather is a branch of space physics and aeronomy, or heliophysics, concerned with the varying conditions within the Solar System and its heliosphere. This includes the effects of the solar wind, especially on the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Though physically distinct, space weather is analogous to the terrestrial weather of Earth's atmosphere (troposphere and stratosphere). The term "space weather" was first used in the 1950s and popularized in the 1990s. Later, it prompted research into "space climate", the large-scale and long-term patterns of space weather.
Chimera (mythology)
According to Greek mythology, the Chimera, Chimaera, Chimæra, or Khimaira (/kaɪˈmɪərə, kɪ-, -mɛər-/ ky-MEER-ə, kih-, -⁠MAIR-; Ancient Greek: Χίμαιρα, romanized: Chímaira, lit. 'she-goat') was a monstrous fire-breathing hybrid creature from Lycia, Asia Minor, composed of different animal parts. Typically, it is depicted as a lion with a goat's head protruding from its back and a tail ending with a snake's head. Some representations also include dragon's wings. It was an offspring of Typhon and Echidna, and a sibling of monsters like Cerberus and the Lernaean Hydra.

The term "chimera" has come to describe any mythical or fictional creature with parts taken from various animals.

Gaius Julius Hyginus
Gaius Julius Hyginus (/hɪˈdʒaɪnəs/; c. 64 BC – AD 17) was a Latin author, a pupil of the scholar Alexander Polyhistor, and a freedman of Augustus, and reputed author of the Fabulae and the De astronomia, although this is disputed.
Farman three-engine flying-boat
The Farman "three-engine flying-boat" or Farman "High Seas Flying Boat" was an otherwise unnamed and un-designated flying boat built by Farman for the Aéronavale (French Navy aeronautical service). Two examples were operated for a short time.

Farman Aviation Works
Farman Aviation Works (French: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft company founded and run by the brothers Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French nationalization and rationalization of its aeronautical industry, Farman's assets were assigned to the Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre (SNCAC).

In 1941 the Farman brothers reestablished the firm as the "Société Anonyme des Usines Farman" (SAUF), but only three years later it was absorbed by Sud-Ouest.  Maurice's son, Marcel Farman, reestablished the SAUF in 1952, but his effort proved unsuccessful and the firm was dissolved in 1956.

The Farman brothers designed and built more than 200 types of aircraft between 1908 and 1941. They also built cars until 1931 and boats until 1930.
Geratonephila
Geratonephila is a genus of spider in the family Nephilidae that lived around 100 million years ago during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous Epoch. This genus contains one species, Geratonephila burmanica.

It was discovered in Burmese amber. The amber it was in shows it attacking a species of wasp (Cascoscelio incassus, family Platygastridae) in its web. This shows direct fossil evidence of predatory behavior in this extinct genus of spider. It is the only specimen preserving such behavior.

Burmese amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to the potential role of the amber trade in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected.
Laevens 3
Laevens 3 is a globular cluster in the constellation of Delphinus. It belongs to the Milky Way but orbits far from the centre. The cluster is named after Benjamin P. M. Laevens, the discoverer. It was first observed in 2015 using Pan-STARRS 1.

It is located 210,000 light years from Earth in the outer galactic halo. Its orbit takes it as close as 133,000 ly from galactic centre out to 279,000 ly. The half light diameter is only 37 light years. The metallicity is −1.8 dex. It is about 13 billion years old, and its brightness is equivalent to 1,125 Suns.

Delphinus
Delphinus is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, close to the celestial equator. Its name  is the Latin version for the Greek word for dolphin (δελφίς). It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union. It is one of the smaller constellations, ranked 69th in size. Delphinus' five brightest stars form a distinctive asterism symbolizing a dolphin with four stars representing the body and one the tail. It is bordered (clockwise from north) by Vulpecula, Sagitta, Aquila, Aquarius, Equuleus and Pegasus.

Delphinus is a faint constellation with only two stars brighter than an apparent magnitude of 4, Beta Delphini (Rotanev) at magnitude 3.6 and Alpha Delphini (Sualocin) at magnitude 3.8.
Shamsul Mulk
Shamsul Mulk (Urdu: شمس الملک), Ph.D., HI, is a Pakistani civil engineer and a Technocrat. Shamsul Mulk served as the caretaker 22nd Chief Minister of the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) under the military government of Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf. He also served as Chairman Water and Power Development Authority WAPDA of Pakistan. He was 3rd Chairperson of Board of Governors of Sustainable Development Policy Institute. He is a strong supporter for the construction of the Kalabagh Dam.

Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The chief minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the head of government of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The chief minister leads the legislative branch of the provincial government, and is elected by the Provincial Assembly. As long as she or he has the confidence of the assembly, a single term in office for the chief minister can be a maximum of five years. There is no limit on the number of terms.

The chief minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is elected by the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to serve as the head of the provincial government in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Jin'ni-Ō
Jin'ni-Ō (辰爾王, ? – ?) was a prince of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was son of the 29th king, Beop of Baekje and brother of the 30th king, Mu of Baekje. He settled in Japan and became ancestor of the Ōuchi clan and Toyota clan.

He does not appear in the Samguk Sagi or Samguk Yusa but in Japanese and Chinese records. In China he is recorded in the Book of Zhou, Fengsu tong, Wan Xing Tong Pu (萬姓統譜, Genealogies of Ten Thousand Surnames), and Xing pu. In Japan he is recorded in  the Shinsen Shōjiroku.

His presence became known through a genealogy sent by Ōuchi Yoshihiro in July, 1398 to Joseon to confirm and prove his claim that he was a descendant of Prince Imseong. In the Shinsen Shōjiroku he is recorded as the 15th generation ancestor of the Ōuchi and Toyota clans.

Prince Imseong
Prince Imseong (琳聖太子, Rinshō Taishi; 577 – November, 657), was the third son of King Seong of Baekje who died in battle with Silla forces in 554. Because of the discrepancies in dates it is thought he was actually third son of Wideok of Baekje. Another way to read or write his name is Rimseong.

In Japan, the legend of Prince Imseong is closely associated with the Ōuchi clan and the introduction of advanced iron-making technology and Myōken faith from Korea.
Hiroyuki Iwatsuki
Hiroyuki Iwatsuki (岩月 博之) (born 1970) is a Japanese video game music composer who has contributed to the soundtracks of Ninja Warriors, Pocky & Rocky, and Omega Five. He has been composing and arranging songs for the game company Natsume Atari beginning as early as the 1991 NES title Chaos World.

For his score to the Xbox Live Arcade shooter Omega Five, Iwatsuki employed his years of experience creating game soundtracks to fashion retro versions of his songs to simulate the feel of a 16-bit game.  An album release was planned after game composer Manabu Namiki listened to the soundtrack prior to the release and suggested the sound design team Super Sweep participate in arrangements for the album.

Manabu Namiki
Manabu Namiki (並木 学, Namiki Manabu; born September 13, 1971) is a Japanese video game composer who is primarily known for his work in shoot 'em up games. He has worked at game companies such as Allumer, NMK, Raizing and M2. In October 2002, Namiki, Hitoshi Sakimoto, and Masaharu Iwata founded the music production company Basiscape, whom he worked with until 2011.