hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ferrate
Ferrate loosely refers to a material that can be viewed as containing anionic iron complexes. The term ferrate derives from Latin  ferrum 'iron'.

Examples include tetrachloroferrate ([FeCl4]2−), oxyanions (e.g. FeO2−4), and the organoferrates, including highly reduced tetracarbonylferrate ([Fe(CO)4]2−) salts. Although rarely studied, ferrate(V) [FeO4]3− and ferrate(IV) [FeO4]4− oxyanions of iron also exist.  These too are called ferrates.

Ferrates

Disodium salt of tetracarbonylferrate

Structure of ferrate(VI), [FeO4]2−

1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium salt of [FeCl4]−

Potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate

Ferrate(VI) is a strong oxidizer, used in water purification and battery technology.

Potassium ferrioxalate
Potassium ferrioxalate, also called potassium trisoxalatoferrate or potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate(III) is a chemical compound with the formula K3[Fe(C2O4)3]. It often occurs as the trihydrate K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O. Both are crystalline compounds, lime green in colour.

The compound is a salt consisting of ferrioxalate anions, [Fe(C2O4)3]3−, and potassium cations K+. The anion is a transition metal oxalate complex consisting of an iron atom in the +3 oxidation state and three bidentate oxalate C2O2−4 ligands. Potassium is a counterion, balancing the −3 charge of the complex. In solution, the salt dissociates to give the ferrioxalate anion, [Fe(C2O4)3]3−, which appears fluorescent green in color.  The salt is available in anhydrous form as well as a trihydrate.

The ferrioxalate anion is quite stable in the dark, but it is decomposed by light and high-energy electromagnetic radiation.
Anthomyzidae
Anthomyzidae is small, slender, yellow to black flies with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from Europe. Although they occur in all major regions, they seem to be most varied in the Holarctic region.

Around 20 diverse genera have been placed in the family. Two, Teratomyza and Teratoptera, are now in the Teratomyzidae, and Cyamops and Stenomicra are in the Stenomicridae. Melanthomyza Malloch from Chile should probably not be retained in the family. The remaining genera are very similar to one another.

Teratomyzidae
Teratomyzidae are a family of small flies found mainly in the southern continents and are absent from Europe, North America, and Africa. They are specialist feeders on fern fronds. There are about thirty five species. They appear somewhat like anthomyzids, the body is elongated and appear dusty coated. The antenna are somewhat as in Aulacigastridae and Neminidae. The wing is distinctive in its venation, the costa is weake after the humeral crossvein and broken before vein 1 with an elongate dorsal bristle before the break. Vein 1 short and joins costa within quarter length of the wing. Vein 6 terminates beyond discal crossvein.

The genera in the family include:

Teratomyza

Camur

Stepta

Teratoptera

Lips

Pous

Auster
1958 FIFA World Cup qualification
A total of 55 teams entered the 1958 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds, competing for a total of 16 spots in the final tournament. Sweden as the hosts and West Germany, as the defending champions, qualified automatically, leaving 14 spots open for competition.

FIFA World Cup qualifiers
The FIFA World Cup qualification is a set of competitive matches that a national association football team plays in order to qualify for one of the available berths at the final tournament of the men's FIFA World Cup.

Qualifying tournaments are held within the six FIFA continental zones, each organized by their respective confederations: AFC (Asia), CAF (Africa), CONCACAF (North and Central America and the Caribbean), CONMEBOL (South America), OFC (Oceania), and UEFA (Europe). For each World Cup, FIFA decides the number of places in the finals allocated to each of the zones, based on the numbers and relative strengths of the confederations' teams.

As a courtesy, the host receives an automatic berth selection, as has happened with the immediate past tournament winner during much of the competition's history. All other finalists are determined on a standalone qualifying round achievement without regard to previous achievements.
Grand Island Township, Michigan
Grand Island Township is a civil township of Alger County in the U.S. state of Michigan.

Located along the shores of Lake Superior, the township includes Grand Island, which is designated as the Grand Island National Recreation Area. The township also includes a small portion of the nearby mainland where most of its residents reside along M-28 just north of the city of Munising. At the 2020 census, the township population was 35, which ranked Grand Island Township as the second-least populated municipality in the state after Pointe Aux Barques Township.

Pointe Aux Barques Township, Michigan
Pointe Aux Barques Township (/pɔɪnt ə bɑːrks/ poynt-ə-BARKS) is a civil township of Huron County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 15 at the 2020 census.

Pointe Aux Barques is located at the tip of the Thumb on the Lower Peninsula.  With a permanent population of only 15, the township is the least-populated municipality in the state and the third smallest township by land area after Novi Township and Royal Oak Charter Township.
Tecknad svenska
Tecknad svenska, or Signed Swedish, is an obsolete manually coded form of Swedish that used signs of Swedish Sign Language for lexical words, supplemented by additional signs for grammatical words and inflectional endings.  It was developed in the 1970s in the hopes of making Swedish more accessible to the deaf, but was later abandoned for being slow and inefficient.  It was never a natural form of communication among deaf people.

Manually coded language
Manually coded languages are a family of gestural communication methods which include gestural spelling as well as constructed languages which directly interpolate the grammar and syntax of oral languages in a gestural-visual form—that is, signed versions of oral languages. Unlike the sign languages that have evolved naturally in deaf communities, these manual codes are the conscious invention of deaf and hearing educators, and as such lack the distinct spatial structures present in native deaf sign languages. MCLs mostly follow the grammar of the oral language—or, more precisely, of the written form of the oral language that they interpolate. They have been mainly used in deaf education in an effort to "represent English on the hands" and by sign language interpreters in K-12 schools, although they have had some influence on deaf sign languages where their implementation was widespread.
Richard Layte
Richard Layte is a professor of sociology at Trinity College Dublin, appointed in 2014.

Previously he was a research professor at the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) in Dublin, Ireland, where he coordinated the research programme on health.

Richard Layte is a leading researcher on the way in which education, work and institutional factors (e.g., social welfare systems) affect the risk of poverty, disadvantage, and poor health. He has published widely on the measurement and analysis of poverty,  deprivation and social exclusion, social class and social mobility. More recent work is focussed on inequalities in health behaviour and health care.

Richard Layte regularly appears in the media.

Economic and Social Research Institute
The Economic and Social Research Institute (Institiúid Taighde Eacnamaíochta agus Sóisialta in Irish) is an Irish research institute founded in 1960 to provide evidence-based research used to inform public policy debate and decision-making.  The research of the institute focuses on the areas of sustainable economic growth and social progress. Martina Lawless is the Director of the institute.
Andrea Massucchi
Andrea Massucchi (born 1974) was an Italian artistic gymnast. He won the silver medal on vault at the 1996 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in San Juan, tied with Yeo Hong-chul and placing behind Alexei Nemov.

Yeo Hong-chul
Yeo Hong-Chul (Korean: 여홍철; Hanja: 呂洪哲; RR: Yeo Hong-cheol; born 28 May 1971 in Gwangju) is a retired South Korean gymnast. He participated in three Olympics, winning a silver medal, and retired after the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Teurihorn
The Teurihorn is a mountain of the Swiss Lepontine Alps, overlooking Splügen in the canton of Graubünden. It is located between the valleys of the Stutzbach and the Steilerbach, south of the Alperschällihorn.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska
The Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska is one of three federally recognized Native American tribes of Sauk and Meskwaki (Fox) peoples. Their name for themselves is Nemahahaki (Meskwaki: Nîmahâhaki) and they are an Algonquian people and Eastern Woodland culture.

Brown County, Kansas
Brown County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Hiawatha.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 9,508.  The county was named after Albert G. Brown, a U.S. Senator from Mississippi and Kansas statehood advocate. The Kickapoo Indian Reservation of Kansas, the majority of the Sac and Fox Reservation, and the majority of the Iowa Reservation of Kansas and Nebraska are located within the county.
On30 gauge
On30 (also called On21⁄2, O16.5 and Oe) gauge is the modelling of narrow gauge railways in O scale on HO (16.5 mm / 0.65 in) gauge track in 1:48 scale ratio by American and Australian model railroaders, in 1:43.5 scale ratio by British and French model railroaders and 1:45 by Continental European model railroaders (excluding France).

Ffestiniog Railway
The Ffestiniog Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Ffestiniog) is a heritage railway based on 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow-gauge, in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a major tourist attraction located mainly within the Snowdonia National Park.

The railway is about 13+1⁄2 miles (21.7 km) long and runs from the harbour at Porthmadog to the slate mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, travelling through forested and mountainous terrain. The line is single track throughout with four intermediate passing places. The first mile of the line out of Porthmadog runs atop an embankment called the Cob, which is the dyke of the polder known as Traeth Mawr.

The Festiniog Railway Company, which owns the railway, is the oldest surviving railway company in the world. It also owns the Welsh Highland Railway, which was re-opened fully in 2011. The two railways share the same track gauge and meet at Porthmadog station, with occasional trains working the entire 40-mile (64 km) route from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Caernarfon.
1986 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The 1986 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships was the 5th edition of the Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships, which took place from 18 September 1986 to 21 September 1986 in Florence, Italy.

24 countries entered gymnasts, and 66 individual gymnasts competed.

Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships are the European championships for the sport of rhythmic gymnastics. They were first held in 1978. The European Championships and the European Junior Championships were united in 1993. Prior to 2006, they were called the European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships. The competition is organised by the European Union of Gymnastics.
David Sandiford
David Charles Sandiford (born 24 December 1970) is an English barrister and former first-class cricketer.

Sandiford was born in Bolton in December 1970, where he was educated at Bolton School before going up to St Edmund Hall, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he played first-class cricket for Oxford University, making his debut against Hampshire in 1991. Sandford played first-class cricket for Oxford until 1992, making ten appearances. Playing as a wicket-keeper, he scored a total of 210 runs in his ten appearances, at an average of 21.00 and a high score of 83, while behind the stumps he took 11 catches and made a single stumping.

A member of Gray's Inn, he was called to the bar in 1995.

Bolton School
Bolton School is a private day school in Bolton, Greater Manchester. It comprises a co-educational nursery (ages 0–4), co-educational infant school (ages 3–7), single sex junior schools (ages 7–11) and single sex senior schools including sixth forms (ages 11–18). With over 2,500 pupils, it is one of the largest independent day schools in the country.
Khirbet al-Sawda, Rif Dimashq
Khirbet al-Sawda (Arabic: خربة السودا) is a Syrian village in the Beit Jinn sub-district of Qatana District, in the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Khirbet al-Sawda had a population of 124 at the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly from the Druze community.

Beit Jinn
Beit Jinn (Arabic: بيت جن), also known as Bayt Jin, Beit Jann or Beyt Jene, is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located southwest of Damascus on the foothills of Mount Hermon. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Beit Jinn had a population of 2,846 at the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni.

The village is the administrative center of the Beit Jinn subdistrict, which consists of nine villages, with a combined population of 15,668. The subdistrict has Sunni population and contains a Druze religious shrine. Nearby localities include Arnah to the north, Darbal to the northeast, Mazraat Beit Jinn to the east, Harfa to the southeast, and Hader to the southwest. The Nahr al-Awaj river (generally identified with the biblical Pharpar) passes near the town.
Banpur railway station
Banpur railway station is a railway station on the Ranaghat–Gede line of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system and operated by Eastern Railway. It is situated beside Banpur–Majhdia Road at Banpur village of Nadia district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Number of EMUs stop at Banpur railway station. The distance between Sealdah to this station is approximately 111 km.

Ranaghat–Krishnanagar City–Lalgola line
The Ranaghat–Krishnanagar City–Lalgola line is a 155 km (96 mi) long broad gauge railway line which connects Ranaghat Junction in the Nadia district with Lalgola in the Murshidabad district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The line runs up to the Bangladesh border near the Ganga river and is a part of the Sealdah railway division of the Eastern Railway zone.
Packed Dirt, Churchgoing, A Dying Cat, A Traded Car
"Packed Dirt, Churchgoing, A Dying Cat, A Traded Car" is a short story by John Updike, first appearing in The New Yorker on December 16, 1961. The story was collected in Pigeon Feathers and Other Stories (1962) by Alfred A. Knopf.

Adam Begley
Adam C. Begley (born 1959 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American biographer. He was the books editor for The New York Observer from 1996 to 2009.

Begley is the son of Sally (Higginson) and novelist Louis Begley. He graduated from Harvard College in 1982, and from Stanford University with a Ph.D. in English and American literature in 1989.
His work has appeared in The New York Times, The Guardian, The Times Literary Supplement, The Spectator, and The Atlantic.

He lives with his wife, Anne Cotton, in Great Gidding, Cambridgeshire. His stepdaughter is the novelist and art critic Chloë Ashby. 
He is the author of biographies of John Updike and the 19th-century French photographer Nadar. His biography of Harry Houdini appeared in the Yale Jewish Lives series. He is a frequent contributor to the Paris Review's Art of Fiction series. 
He is currently at work on a book about Harvard College.
Letter of the Ninety-Nine
Letter of the Ninety-Nine (Russian: Письмо девяноста девяти) is a collective open letter signed in 1968 by 99 renowned Soviet mathematicians in defense of their colleague Alexander Esenin-Volpin, who was forcibly committed to a psychiatric hospital due to his dissident activities. The letter became a significant event in the history of both Soviet mathematics and the human rights movement.

Open letter
An open letter is a letter that is intended to be read by a wide audience, or a letter intended for an individual, but that is nonetheless widely distributed intentionally.

Open letters usually take the form of a letter addressed to an individual but are provided to the public through newspapers and other media, such as a letter to the editor or blog. Critical open letters addressed to political leaders are especially common.

Two of the most famous and influential open letters are J'accuse...! by Émile Zola to the president of France, accusing the French government of wrongfully convicting Alfred Dreyfus for alleged espionage; and Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1963 "Letter from Birmingham Jail", including the famous quotation "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere".
USS Flasher (SS-249)
41°21′46″N 72°05′00″W﻿ / ﻿41.3626461°N 72.0834536°W﻿ / 41.3626461; -72.0834536

USS Flasher (SS-249) was a Gato-class submarine which served in the Pacific during World War II. She received the Presidential Unit Citation and six battle stars, and sank 21 ships for a total of 100,231 tons of Japanese shipping, making her one of the most successful American submarines of the War. She was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the flasher.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
Prague 7
Prague 7 is a municipal district (městská část) in Prague, Czech Republic.

The administrative district (správní obvod) of the same name consists of the quarters Letná, Holešovice, Bubny, Bubeneč, Troja as well as a small part of Libeň. It's one of the smallest Prague districts and stretches along the left bank of the Vltava. In the Northern part is located Troja with the Prague Zoo. It is linked to the city centre by metro line C. Other attractions in Prague 7 include the stadium of the Czech football club AC Sparta, cultural center  DOX Centre for Contemporary Art, cinema Bio Oko, museums (National Technical Museum and National Museum of Agriculture), Academy of Fine Arts and the former trade fair centre Veletržní palác. Its parks Stromovka and Letná rank among the biggest in the capital.

Stromovka
Stromovka (Royal Game Reserve) is a large park in the Bubeneč district of Prague. It sits on the floodplain of the river Vltava. At present, it spreads over an area of 95 hectares. It was established in the thirteenth century as a game reserve for the nearby summerhouse. At the beginning of the 19th century, it was converted into a park, which later in the 19th and 20th centuries was reduced by the construction of railways, the building of the Academy of Fine Arts and the Planetarium, a ship canal, and last but not least by the construction of the exhibition ground. The park is maintained as an English landscape garden. It is protected as a natural monument as well as a cultural monument.

A shopping mall named Centrum Stromovka opened in 2019 adjacent to the park, in Veletržní street. Centrum Stromovka, named after the park, is a convenience-based shopping mall of 15,000 sq m and 84 units.
TT82
The Theban Tomb TT82 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian official Amenemhat, who was a counter of the grain of Amun and the steward of the vizier Useramen. Amenemhat dates to the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, from the time of Tuthmosis III. As the scribe to the vizier Useramen Amenemhat documents the work in Thebes up to c.Year 28. This includes the withdrawal of silver, precious stines and more form the treasury and the manufacture of a number of statues made from silver, bronze and ebony. He also mentions the creation of a large lake near Thebes surrounded by trees and work on the royal tomb.

Sheikh Abd el-Qurna
The necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna (Arabic: شيخ عبدالقرنة) is located on the West Bank at Thebes in Upper Egypt. It is part of the archaeological area of Deir el-Bahari, and named after the domed tomb of the local saint. This is the most frequently visited cemetery on the Theban west bank, with the largest concentration of private tombs.
Hitterdalen
Hitterdalen is a village in Røros Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located on the road between the town of Røros and the village of Brekken, about halfway between the two places. It sits about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the lake Aursunden. Hitterdal Chapel is located in the village.

Aursunden
Aursunden is a lake in Røros Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village of Brekken lies along the eastern shore and the village of Glåmos lies along the western shore.

There are several inflows to the 46-square-kilometre (18 sq mi) lake including the lakes Rien, Riasten, and Bolagen. The outflow is regulated by a hydropower dam through which water passes into the river Glomma. The lake is about 22 kilometres (14 mi) long and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) wide.  The deepest part of the lake reaches a depth of 52 metres (171 ft).

Aursunden is often cited as the source of the river Glomma, the longest and largest river in Norway. The actual headwaters are near Aursunden near the start of the Glommadal valley. The locals claim that the headwater of the Glomma river is Mustjønna, a tiny lake about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Aursunden.
1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup was the eleventh edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, contested between national domestic cup champions, running from 20 October 1976, to 29 March 1977. It was contested by 25 teams, five more than in the previous edition.

The Italian League became the first league to win the competition twice in a row, for a second time, when Birra Forst Cantù defeated Radnički Belgrade, in the final, held in Palma de Mallorca. Cantù had previously defeated defending champions Cinzano Milano, in the semifinals, in the competition's third tie between two clubs from the same country. Cantù was the fourth Italian club to win the FIBA Cup Winners' Cup, after Ignis Varese, Fides Napoli, and Olimpia Milano.

FIBA Saporta Cup
The FIBA Saporta Cup, founded as FIBA European Cup Winners Cup, was the name of the second-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, where the domestic National Cup winners, from all over Europe, played against each other. The competition was organized by FIBA Europe. It was named after the late Raimundo Saporta, a former Real Madrid director.