hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luncke expedition
Luncke expedition (1957–1958) was an Antarctica expedition with a team led by the Norwegian Bernhard Luncke and based at Norway Station. The team conducted observations in meteorology, atmospheric science and glaciology. Extensive aerial photography was carried out and the resulting maps were published by the Norwegian Polar Institute. These findings are still used in some maps.

Norwegian Polar Institute
The Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI; Norwegian: Norsk Polarinstitutt) is Norway's central governmental institution for scientific research, mapping and environmental monitoring in the Arctic and the Antarctic. The NPI is a directorate under Norway's Ministry of Climate and Environment. The institute advises Norwegian authorities on matters concerning polar environmental management and is the official environmental management body for Norwegian activities in Antarctica.
Ministry of Industrial Provisioning
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Industrial Provisioning (Norwegian: Industriforsyningsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry that existed from 1917 to 1920.

It was established on 30 April 1917, during the first World War, and ceased to exist on 30 April 1920. Its tasks were transferred to the Ministries of Defence, Finance, Trade and Provisioning.

The heads of the Ministry of Industrial Provisioning were: Torolf Prytz (1917-1918), Nils Ihlen, (1918) and Haakon Hauan (1918-1920).

Ministry of Provisioning
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Industrial Provisioning (Norwegian: Provianteringsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry that existed from 1917 to 1922.

It was established on 26 August 1916, during the first World War. It ceased to exist on 31 October 1922. Its tasks were mainly transferred to the Ministries of Social Affairs and Agriculture.

The heads of the Ministry of Provisioning were: Oddmund Jacobsøn Vik (1916-1917), Birger Stuevold-Hansen (1917-1919), Haakon Martin Five (1919-1920), Johan Henrik Rye Holmboe (1920-1921), Ole Monsen Mjelde (1921) and Rasmus Olai Mortensen (1921-1922).

An unrelated Ministry of Provisioning was formed in 1939. This later changed its name to the Ministry of Provisioning and Reconstruction.
IC 5146
IC 5146 (also Caldwell 19, Sh 2-125, Barnard 168, and the Cocoon Nebula) is a reflection/emission nebula and Caldwell object in the constellation Cygnus. The NGC description refers to IC 5146 as a cluster of 9.5 mag stars involved in a bright and dark nebula. The cluster is also known as Collinder 470. It shines at magnitude +10.0/+9.3/+7.2. Its celestial coordinates are RA 21h 53.5m , dec +47° 16′. It is located near the naked-eye star Pi Cygni, the open cluster NGC 7209 in Lacerta, and the bright open cluster M39. The cluster is about 4,000 ly away, and the central star that lights it formed about 100,000 years ago; the nebula is about 12 arcmins across, which is equivalent to a span of 15 light years.

When viewing IC 5146, dark nebula Barnard 168 (B168) is an inseparable part of the experience, forming a dark lane that surrounds the cluster and projects westward forming the appearance of a trail behind the Cocoon.

Pi Cygni
The Bayer designation Pi Cygni (π Cyg / π Cygni) is shared by two stars, in the constellation Cygnus:

π1 Cygni (Azelfafage)

π2 Cygni

All of them were member of asterism 騰蛇 (Téng Shé), Flying Serpent, Encampment mansion.
North Dakota Air National Guard
The North Dakota Air National Guard (ND ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of North Dakota, United States. It's a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the North Dakota Army National Guard is an element of the North Dakota National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As state militia units, the units in the North Dakota Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of North Dakota though the office of the North Dakota Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The North Dakota Air National Guard is headquartered in Fargo, and its commander is currently Major General Alan S. Dohrmann.

North Dakota Army National Guard
The North Dakota Army National Guard (ND ARNG) is headquartered at the Fraine Barracks in Bismarck, North Dakota, and consists of the 68th Troop Command, headquartered in Bismarck, and the 141st Maneuver Enhancement Brigade, headquartered in Fargo, North Dakota. Their main installation and armory is at Camp Grafton.
Hatun Ukru (Pasco)
Hatun Ukru (Quechua hatun big, ukru hole, pit, hollow, "big hollow", Hispanicized and broken name Jatunucero) is a 4,650-metre-high (15,260 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Pasco Region, Pasco Province, Ticlacayan District, northwest of the Waqurunchu mountain range.

Huaguruncho mountain range
The Huaguruncho mountain range (also spelled Huagaruncho or Huagoruncho) is situated in the Andes of Peru. It extends in an easterly direction between 10°29' and 10°34'S and 75°50'W and 76°01'W for about 27 km (17 miles). The range is located in the Huánuco Region, in the provinces of Ambo and Pachitea, and in the Pasco Region, in the provinces of Pasco and Oxapampa.
Angela Batinovich
Angela Batinovich is an American businesswoman, notable for being the youngest owner of a professional U.S. sports team.  She is the creator of "Bat's Daughter", a line of women's clothing. Her father, Robert Batinovich, is a successful real estate investor and manager. She attended Notre Dame High School which is located in Belmont, California. She earned a degree from Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles.

From 2005 to 2009, she was the majority shareholder and managing partner of the Portland LumberJax franchise of the National Lacrosse League. The LumberJax were successful on the floor, reaching the playoffs in three of the four seasons including a trip to the Championship game in 2008, but failed to draw sufficient crowds in Portland. The team folded after the 2009 season.

Batinovich, at 24 years old, was the youngest owner in major professional sports. On May 8, 2006, she was named the NLL Executive of the Year.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
Prothallus
A prothallus, or prothallium, (from Latin pro = forwards and Greek θαλλος (thallos) = twig) is usually the gametophyte stage in the life of a fern or other pteridophyte. Occasionally, the term is also used to describe the young gametophyte of a liverwort or peat moss as well. In lichens, it refers to the region of the thallus that is free of algae.

The prothallus develops from a germinating spore. It is a short-lived and inconspicuous heart-shaped structure typically 2–5 millimeters wide, with a number of rhizoids (root-like hairs) growing underneath, and the sex organs: archegonium (female) and antheridium (male). Appearance varies quite a lot between species. Some are green and conduct photosynthesis while others are colorless and nourish themselves underground as saprotrophs.

Rhizoid
Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the root hairs of vascular land plants. Similar structures are formed by some fungi. Rhizoids may be unicellular or multicellular.
Comparison of Texas Instruments graphing calculators
This is a comparison of graphing calculators manufactured by Texas Instruments, a major manufacturer of these. Graphing calculators is a class of hand-held calculator that is capable of plotting graphs and solving complex functions.

The following table compares general and technical information for a selection of common and uncommon Texas Instruments graphing calculators. Many of the calculators in this list have region-specific models that are not individually listed here, such as the TI-84 Plus CE-T, a TI-84 Plus CE designed for non-French European markets. These region-specific models are usually functionally identical to each other, aside from minor cosmetic differences and circuit board hardware revisions. See the individual calculators' articles for further information.

Graphing calculator
A graphing calculator (also graphics calculator or graphic display calculator) is a handheld computer that is capable of plotting graphs, solving simultaneous equations, and performing other tasks with variables. Most popular graphing calculators are programmable calculators, allowing the user to create customized programs, typically for scientific, engineering or education applications. They have large screens that display several lines of text and calculations.
Megen, Haren en Macharen
Megen, Haren en Macharen was a municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It included the villages of Megen, Haren, and Macharen.

Megen, Haren en Macharen existed from 1821 to 1994, when it became part of Oss.

Macharen
Macharen is a village in the southern part of the Netherlands, in the province North Brabant. It is part of the Oss municipality.

The village was first mentioned in 1107 as Machera, and means "suitable sandy ridge".

The Catholic St Petrus Bandenkerk was built between 1862 and 1867, however the tower dates from the 15th century.

Macharen was home to 389 people in 1840. Macharen originally was a part of the county Megen, which was founded around 1145. In 1810, it became municipality together with Megen and Haren. It became a part of the municipality Oss in 1994.
Central Plaza Complex
The Central Plaza Complex consists of three commercial office buildings located in the Central Business District of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The complex was constructed in three phases with Central Plaza 1 completed first in 1988, followed by Central Plaza 2 in 1990 and Central Plaza 3 in 2008. Central Plaza 1 is the tallest of the three buildings, as well as the fifth tallest building in Brisbane.

Brisbane central business district
The Brisbane central business district (CBD), officially Brisbane City, is the central suburb and central business district of Brisbane, the state capital of  Queensland, Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as the "CBD", "the city", or simply "town". The CBD is located on a point on the northern bank of the Brisbane River, historically known as Meanjin, Mianjin  or Meeanjin in the local Yuggera dialect. The triangular-shaped peninsula is bounded by the median of the Brisbane River to the east, south and west. The point, known at its tip as Gardens Point, slopes upward to the north-west where the city is bounded by parkland and the inner city suburb of Spring Hill to the north. The CBD is bounded to the north-east by the suburb of Fortitude Valley. To the west the CBD is bounded by Milton, Petrie Terrace, and Kelvin Grove.

In the 2021 census, the suburb of Brisbane City had a population of 12,587 people.
Capital punishment in Turkey
Capital punishment was abolished in Turkey in 2004, and no prisoners have been executed since October 1984. Before that, over 500 convicts sentenced to death were executed. The method of execution was hanging. Following the Turkish coup attempt in July 2016, the European Union and the Council of Europe warned Turkey that its EU membership accession negotiations and membership in the Council of Europe would be terminated if it reinstated the death penalty.

Prime Minister of Turkey
The prime minister of Turkey, officially the prime minister of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı), was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cabinet. Throughout the political history of Turkey, functions and powers of the post have changed occasionally. Prior to its dissolution as a result of the 2017 Constitutional Referendum, the holder of the premiership was generally the dominant figure in Turkish politics, outweighing the president.
2015–16 FC Red Bull Salzburg season
The 2015–16 FC Red Bull Salzburg season was the 83rd season in club history. Red Bull Salzburg finished the season as champions of the Bundesliga and the Austrian Cup for the third season in a row. In Europe, Salzburg were knocked out of the Champions League by Malmö FF in the third qualifying round, dropping into the Europa League, where they were eliminated by Dinamo Minsk in the play-off round.

FC Dinamo Minsk
FC Dinamo Minsk or FK Dynama Minsk (Belarusian: ФК Дынама Мінск; Russian: ФК Динамо Минск) is a Belarusian professional football club based in the capital city of Minsk.

It was founded in 1927 as part of the Soviet Dinamo Sports Society, and was the only club from the Byelorussian SSR that competed in the Soviet Top League, playing 39 of the 54 seasons, and winning the title in 1982. Since the independence of Belarus, the club participates in the Belarusian Premier League, having won 9 league titles and 3 Belarusian Cups.

Dinamo plays its home games in the 22,246-capacity Dinamo Stadium in Minsk. Dinamo is the second Belarusian team, after BATE Borisov, to reach UEFA Europa League group stages (2014–15 and 2015–16).
Gmina Grójec
Gmina Grójec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Grójec, which lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 120.64 square kilometres (46.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 23,140 (out of which the population of Grójec amounts to 14,990, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,150).

Grójec County
Grójec County (Polish: powiat grójecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Grójec, which lies 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Warsaw. The county contains three other towns: Warka, 25 km (16 mi) east of Grójec, Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, 34 km (21 mi) south-west of Grójec, and Mogielnica, 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Grójec.

The county covers an area of 1,268.82 square kilometres (489.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 98,334, out of which the population of Grójec is 16,745, that of Warka is 11,948, that of Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą is 3,755, that of Mogielnica is 2,253, and the rural population is 63,633.
Meitei language in Tripura
The Meitei language (Meitei: ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ/মৈতৈ লোন, romanized: Meitei Lon), also known as the Manipuri language (Meitei: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ/মণিপুরী লোন, romanized: Manipuri Lon), is one of the seven officially declared minority languages, recognised by the Government of Tripura. Its promotion and development are done by the Directorate of Kokborok & Other Minority Languages, established in August 2012.

In Meitei language, Tripura is known as "Takhel" (Meitei: ꯇꯈꯦꯜ).

In Agartala, the capital city of Tripura, Meitei language is the fourth most widely spoken language, after Bengali, Kokborok and Hindi, according to 2011 census.

Meitei culture
The culture of Meitei civilization evolved over thousands of years in what is now northeastern India and surrounding regions, beginning in Ancient Kangleipak, continuing most notably into Medieval Kangleipak, while influencing the neighboring states and kingdoms, till present times.
Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013
Public Law 113-2 (Pub. L. 113–2 (text) (PDF), H.R. 152, 127 Stat. 4, enacted January 29, 2013), containing Division A: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013 and Division B: Sandy Recovery Improvement Act of 2013 is a U.S. appropriations bill authorizing $60 billion for disaster relief agencies. The Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA), had authorized only disaster spending and emergency spending to exceed established spending caps. While emergency spending is not subject to the caps in the BCA, spending for disaster relief is calculated by taking the average of the previous ten years disaster relief spending, excluding the highest and lowest spending years.

Budget Control Act of 2011
The Budget Control Act of 2011 (Pub. L. 112–25 (text) (PDF), S. 365, 125 Stat. 240, enacted August 2, 2011) is a federal statute enacted by the 112th United States Congress and signed into law by US President Barack Obama on August 2, 2011. The Act brought conclusion to the 2011 US debt-ceiling crisis.

The law involves the introduction of several complex mechanisms, such as creation of the Congressional Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction (sometimes called the "super committee"), options for a balanced budget amendment, and automatic budget sequestration.
Mordad
Mordad (Persian: مرداد, romanized: Mordād, Persian pronunciation: [moɾˈdɒːd]) is the fifth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Mordad has thirty-one days, beginning in July and ending in August of the Gregorian calendar. It is the second month of summer after Tir, and is followed by Shahrivar. The Afghan Persian name is Asad; in Pashto it is Zmaray. The name is derived from Ameretat, the  Zoroastrian divinity/divine concept of immortality.

Tir (month)
Tir (Persian: تیر, Persian pronunciation: [tiːɾ]) is the fourth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, which is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Tir has thirty-one days, spanning parts of June and July in the Gregorian calendar. In Afghan Persian it is called Saraṭān (Cancer).

Tir is the first month of summer, and is followed by Amardad. Named after, Tishtrya, a Zoroastrian benevolent divinity associated with life-bringing rainfall and fertility.
Hadji Mustafa Pasha
Hadji Mustafa Pasha[a] (1733–27 December 1801) was the Vizier of the Sanjak of Smederevo ("Belgrade Pashalik", modern-day central Serbia) from 1793 to 1801. He was murdered on 27 December 1801 by the renegade Janissaries known as the Dahije who had taken control of the sanjak.

Sanjak of Vidin
The Sanjak of Vidin or the Vidin Sanjak (Bulgarian: Видински санджак, Serbian: Видински санџак, Turkish: Vidin Sancağı) was a sanjak in the Ottoman Empire, with Vidin as its administrative centre. It was established after the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 out of the territories of the Tsardom of Vidin and in the mid-15th century annexed some territories that belonged to the Serbian Despotate before the Ottomans captured it.
Church News
The Church News (formerly LDS Church News) is a multi-platform supplement and subdivision of the Deseret News, a Salt Lake City, Utah newspaper owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It is published daily online, and weekly as tabloid-sized. Deseret News also provides the news site Of Good Report (now only in social media and formerly Mormon Times). It is the only LDS Church publication entirely devoted to news coverage of church.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
The Village Blacksmith
"The Village Blacksmith" is a poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, first published in 1840. The poem describes a local blacksmith and his daily life. The blacksmith serves as a role model who balances his job with the role he plays with his family and community. Years after its publication, a tree mentioned in the poem was cut down and part of it was made into an armchair which was then presented to Longfellow by local schoolchildren.

The Knickerbocker
The Knickerbocker, or New-York Monthly Magazine, was a literary magazine of New York City, founded by Charles Fenno Hoffman in 1833, and published until 1865. Its long-term editor and publisher was Lewis Gaylord Clark, whose "Editor's Table" column was a staple of the magazine.

The circle of writers who contributed to the magazine and populated its cultural milieu are often known as the "Knickerbocker writers" or the "Knickerbocker Group". The group included such authors as William Cullen Bryant, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Oliver Wendell Holmes, James Russell Lowell and many others.

The Knickerbocker was devoted to the fine arts in particular with occasional news, editorials and a few full-length biographical sketches. The magazine was one of the earliest literary vehicles for communication about the United States' "vanishing wilderness." As such, The Knickerbocker may be considered one of the earliest proto-environmental magazines in the United States.
Shock-headed capuchin
The shock-headed capuchin (Cebus cuscinus) is a species of gracile capuchin monkey from Bolivia and Peru.  It was previously classified as a subspecies of the Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (C. albifrons), but in 2013 Mittermeier and Rylands elevated it to a separate species, following genetic studies by Boubli et al. in 2012 and Lynch Alfaro et al. in 2010.

The shock-headed capuchin lives in lowland and seasonally inundated forests of the upper Amazon Basin, as well as montane forests of the western Andes Mountains up to elevations of 1,800 m (5,900 ft).   Males have a head and body length of about 40 cm (16 in) with a tail length of about 44 cm (17 in).  Females have a head and body length between 39 and 46 cm (15 and 18 in) with a tail length between 39 and 47.5 cm (15.4 and 18.7 in).

Centimetre
A centimetre (International spelling) or centimeter (American English), with SI symbol cm, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one hundredth of a metre, centi- being the SI prefix for a factor of ⁠1/100⁠. Equivalently, there are 100 centimetres in 1 metre. The centimetre was the base unit of length in the now deprecated centimetre–gram–second (CGS) system of units.

Though for many physical quantities, SI prefixes for factors of 103—like milli- and kilo-—are often preferred by technicians, the centimetre remains a practical unit of length for many everyday measurements; for instance, human height is commonly measured in centimetres. A centimetre is approximately the width of the fingernail of an average adult person.
Bisheh, Lorestan
Bisheh (Persian: بيشه, also Romanized as Bīsheh) is a village in Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Besharat District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31, in 6 families.

Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District
Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ذلقي شرقي) is in Zalaqi District of Aligudarz County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chaleh Pareh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kish Olya.