hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne
Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne (French pronunciation: [boljø syʁ dɔʁdɔɲ], literally Beaulieu on Dordogne; Occitan: Belluec) is a commune in the Corrèze department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, central France. Beaulieu is a medieval city, originally dominated by its great abbey of St Pierre, of which only the abbey church remains. On 1 January 2019, the former commune Brivezac was merged into Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.

Congregation of Saint Maur
The Congregation of St. Maur, often known as the Maurists, were a congregation of French Benedictines, established in 1621, and known for their high level of scholarship. The congregation and its members were named after Saint Maurus (died 565), a disciple of Saint Benedict credited with introducing the Benedictine rule and life into Gaul.  The congregation was suppressed and its superior-general executed during the French Revolution.
Hedbergella
Hedbergella is an extinct genus of planktonic foraminifera from the Cretaceous, described by Loeblich and Tappan, 1961, as:

Test free, trochospiral, biconvex, umbilicate, periphery rounded with no indication of keel or poreless margin; chambers globular to ovate; sutures depressed, radial, straight or curved; wall calcareous, finely perforate, radial in structure, surface smooth to hispid or rugose; aperture an interiomarginal, extraumbilical-umbilical arch commonly bordered above by a narrow lip or spatulate flap, ...  Includes species otherwise similar to Praeglobotruncana but which lack a keel or poreless margin, hence is regarded as a separate genus rather than as a subgenus of Praeglobotruncana as by Banner and Blow (1959).

Hedbergella was named by Brönnimann and Brown in 1958, and is included in the family Hedbergellidae and the suborder Globigerinina. Hedbergella ranges through most of the Cretaceous, from the Hauterivian to the Maastrichtian at the end.

Globigerinina
The Globigerinina is a suborder of foraminiferans that are found as marine plankton.  They produce hyaline calcareous tests, and are known as fossils from the Jurassic period onwards.  The group has included more than 100 genera and over 400 species, of which about 30 species are extant.  One of the most important genera is Globigerina; vast areas of the ocean floor are covered with Globigerina ooze (named by Murray and Renard in 1873), dominated by the shells of planktonic forms.
Clear Lake (Galveston Bay)
Clear Lake is a brackish harbor located near Houston, Texas, U.S., in Harris County. The lake feeds Galveston Bay. It is bordered by Houston (Clear Lake City), Pasadena, League City, Clear Lake Shores, Taylor Lake Village, Seabrook and El Lago, Texas. NASA's Johnson Space Center lies near its shores.

The lake is a major recreation center and home to one of the largest concentrations of recreational boats and marinas in the nation. The communities surrounding the lake, known collectively as the Clear Lake Area, contain a large base of tourism and high-tech businesses.

League City, Texas
League City is a city primarily in Galveston County, Texas, United States. It has a small portion north of Clear Creek within Harris County zoned for residential and commercial uses. The population was 114,392 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Greater Houston metropolitan area.

League City is home to several waterside resorts, such as South Shore Harbor Resort and Conference Center and Waterford Harbor and Yacht Club Marina, popular with residents of nearby Houston. Between 2000 and 2005, League City surpassed Galveston as Galveston County's largest city.
Humboldt Peak (Colorado)
Humboldt Peak is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 14,066.6-foot (4,287 m) fourteener is located in the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, 11.9 miles (19.2 km) south-southwest (bearing 204°) of the Town of Westcliffe in Custer County, Colorado, United States.

The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.

The mountain was named in honor of German naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt.

San Isabel National Forest
San Isabel National Forest is located in central Colorado.  The forest contains 19 of the state's 53 fourteeners, peaks over 14,000 feet (4,267 m) high, including Mount Elbert, the highest point in Colorado.

It is one of eleven national forests in the state of Colorado and contains the Sawatch Range, the Collegiate Peaks, and Sangre de Cristo Range. It has a total area of 1,120,233 acres (1,750.364 sq mi; 4,533.42 km2) spread out over parts of eleven counties in central Colorado. In descending order of land area it is located in Chaffee, Custer, Lake, Huerfano, Fremont, Pueblo, Saguache, Las Animas, Park, Costilla, and Summit counties.

San Isabel National Forest is co-managed by the Forest Service together with Pike National Forest, Cimarron National Grassland, and Comanche National Grassland from offices in Pueblo. There are local ranger district offices located in Cañon City, Leadville, and Salida.
COVID-19 alert levels in New Zealand
A four-tier alert level restrictions system was in place in during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand between March 2020 and December 2021, with levels 3 and 4 being forms of lockdown. In level 1, there were no restrictions; in level 2, there were limits on gatherings; in level 3, only purposeful travel was allowed and there were strict limits on gatherings; and in level 4, only essential travel was  allowed and gatherings were banned.

The alert level system was replaced with the COVID-19 Protection Framework, known as the "traffic light" system, which uses vaccination rates to determine the level of restrictions needed. The traffic light system began at 11:59 pm on 2 December 2021.

The country may return to the alert level system if a future major outbreak occurred that necessitated it, such as a new vaccine-resistant variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19).

Lifeline utility
In New Zealand, a lifeline utility is a service defined under one of the Schedules of the Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002.

The duties of lifeline utilities are defined in Section 60 of the Act. In short, a lifeline utility is legally required to function 'to the fullest possible extent' (even at a diminished level) during and after an emergency, participate in emergency management planning, and provide free-of-charge technical assistance to the Director of Civil Defence Emergency Management.

Lifeline utilities under Schedule 1 include Radio NZ, TVNZ, airport companies and authorities, port companies and authorities, gas utilities, water utilities, power utilities, telecommunications networks, roading authorities, petroleum companies, rail network operators, and rail service operators.
The Challenge: Free Agents
The Challenge: Free Agents is the 25th season of the MTV reality game show The Challenge. The season is located in Uruguay and Chile, with former cast members from The Real World and The Challenge competing. This season marks the first since season 11 that does not include any cast members from The Real World: Austin. The season follows a new format, featuring each contestant competing in either teams, pairs, or for themselves, for a share of $350,000 in prize money.

The season premiered with a special 90-minute episode on April 10, 2014 on MTV, marking the first time the show aired on a night other than a Wednesday since season 14 aired in 2007. The season concluded its run on June 26, 2014 with the Reunion special.

Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Inferno 3
Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Inferno 3 is the 14th season of the MTV reality game show, The Challenge (at the time known as Real World/Road Rules Challenge).

The Inferno 3 marked the show's first trilogy, continuing on from The Inferno and The Inferno II. Filming took place in Cape Town, South Africa, with cast members from The Real World, Road Rules and Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Fresh Meat competing. The teams were in the format of The Inferno II, "Good Guys" versus "Bad Asses." Contrary to the previous Inferno shows, the Lifesaver competitions have been limited to gender-only winners. The season premiered on Tuesday April 10, 2007 on MTV.

There were $400,000 in prizes.
Semyon Vasilyevich Konovalov
Semyon Vasilyevich Konovalov (Russian: Семен Васильевич Коновалов) (15 February 1921 – 4 April 1989) was a Soviet tank commander and a WWII veteran. On 13 July 1942, during the Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad campaign, in a single battle, he commanded his KV-1 tank crew to destroy a total of 16 Nazi tanks and self-propelled guns.

Order of the Patriotic War
The Order of the Patriotic War (Russian: Орден Отечественной войны, romanized: Orden Otechestvennoy voiny) is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds in the Eastern Front of World War II. After the beginning of the German Operation Barbarossa, the Soviet Government applied the term "Great Patriotic War" to the war.
121st Fighter Squadron
The 121st Fighter Squadron (121 FS) is a unit of the District of Columbia Air National Guard 113th Wing located at Joint Base Andrews, Camp Springs, Maryland. The 121st is equipped with the Block 30 F-16C/D Fighting Falcon.

The squadron is a descendant organization of the 121st Observation Squadron, established on 10 July 1940. It is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

North American P-51 Mustang variants
Over twenty variants of the North American P-51 Mustang fighter were produced from 1940, when it first flew, to after World War II, some of which were employed also in the Korean War and in several other conflicts.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state of Rhode Island, one from both of the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with the other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on September 8, 2026.

2026 United States House of Representatives elections
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections are scheduled to be held on Tuesday, November 3, 2026, as part of the 2026 midterm elections during President Donald Trump's second, non-consecutive term. Voters will elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states, and five of the six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories.

Special elections may also be held on dates throughout 2026. Numerous other federal, state, and local elections, including elections to the Senate, will be held on this date. The winners of this election will serve in the 120th United States Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2020 United States census and revised district maps as a result of the 2025–2026 United States redistricting.
3793 Leonteus
3793 Leonteus /liːˈɒntiːəs/ is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 11 October 1985, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The D-type Jovian asteroid belongs to the 30 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 5.6 hours. It was named after the hero Leonteus from Greek mythology.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.
Agila (TV series)
Agila (International title: Eagle) was a Philippine television drama series produced by TAPE Inc. and broadcast by RPN and ABS-CBN. Directed by Herman Escueta, it starred Val Sotto, Delia Razon, and Helen Vela. It aired from September 7, 1987 to February 7, 1992, replacing Heredero and was replaced by Valiente.

TAPE Inc.
Television and Production Exponents, Incorporated (also known as TAPE, Inc. or simply TAPE) was a Philippine television production company. It was founded in 1981 by Romeo Jalosjos Sr. and Antonio "Tony" Tuviera.

After the last episode of Tahanang Pinakamasaya, the company laid off 130 of their employees.  In line with a corporate restructuring, the company later announced plans for a return to TV and online production.

On November 24, 2025, it was reported to have permanently ceased its operations, with most of the former assets and operations were acquired by and folded into APT Entertainment, a company which also run by Tuviera, whereas the pre-May 31, 2023 Eat Bulaga! libraries were acquired by Tito Sotto, Vic Sotto and Joey de Leon's new company, TVJ Productions (a joint venture with MediaQuest).
M1911 pistol
The Colt M1911 (also known as 1911, Colt 1911, Colt .45, or Colt Government in the case of Colt-produced models) is a single-action, recoil-operated, semi-automatic pistol chambered primarily for the .45 ACP cartridge.

Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken
Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken Aktiengesellschaft (German Weapons and Munitions public limited company), known as DWM, was an arms company in Imperial Germany created in 1896 when Ludwig Loewe & Company united its weapons and ammunition production facilities within one company. In 1896 Loewe founded Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken with a munitions plant in Karlsruhe (Baden), formerly Deutsche Metallpatronenfabrik Lorenz, and the weapons plant in Berlin. Shares that Loewe had in other gun- and ammunition plants were transferred to DWM. This included Waffenfabrik Mauser, Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre (FN) in Belgium and Waffen- und Munitionsfabrik A.G. in Budapest. The DWM was orchestrated by Isidor Loewe (1848–1910), as his brother Ludwig had died in 1886. Karl Maybach (who was part of the Maybach company) was employed by the Loewe company in 1901.
Constructivism (philosophy of education)
Constructivism is a theory that suggests that learners do not passively acquire knowledge through direct instruction. Instead, they construct their understanding through experiences and social interaction, integrating new information with their existing knowledge. This theory originates from Swiss developmental psychologist Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Situated cognition
Situated cognition is a theory that posits that knowing is inseparable from doing by arguing that all knowledge is situated in activity bound to social, cultural and physical contexts.

Situativity theorists suggest a model of knowledge and learning that requires thinking on the fly rather than the storage and retrieval of conceptual knowledge. In essence, cognition cannot be separated from the context. Instead, knowing exists in situ, inseparable from context, activity, people, culture, and language. Therefore, learning is seen in terms of an individual's increasingly effective performance across situations rather than in terms of an accumulation of knowledge, since what is known is co-determined by the agent and the context.
Gospel According to the Mark of Silver
The Gospel According to the Mark of Silver is a work from the Carmina Burana later used to satirise Pope Leo X (1513–1521), who was famous for his profligate spending of church money. While Leo was also criticized by ecclesiastical officials after his death, the Gospel was a product of the Goliard movement.

Goliards
The goliards were a group of generally young clergy in Europe who wrote satirical Latin poetry in the 12th and 13th centuries of the Middle Ages. They were chiefly clerics who served at or had studied at the universities of France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and England, who protested against the growing contradictions within the church through song, poetry and performance. Disaffected and not called to the religious life, they often presented such protests within a structured setting associated with carnival, such as the Feast of Fools, or church liturgy.
National Indian Film Festival of Australia
The National Indian Film Festival of Australia (NIFFA) is an annual film festival established in 2025 to celebrate Indian cinema in Australia. Organised in collaboration with the Australian Centre for Indian Cinema, NIFFA is described as Australia's first and only national celebration of Indian cinema. It aims to showcase the diversity of Indian filmmaking, including independent, regional, and diaspora films, and to strengthen bilateral screen and cultural ties.

The inaugural edition took place between 13 February and 2 March 2025, in seven Australian cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Canberra, Perth, and the Gold Coast. Over 40 films were screened, including three world premieres and 36 Australian premieres. The opening night film was Superboys of Malegaon by Reema Kagti, and the closing film was Roam Rome Mein by Tannishtha Chatterjee. A retrospective on Shyam Benegal was also included.

The Run (film)
The Run is a 2017 documentary film. It was produced and directed by Anupam Sharma-Films and Casting TEMPLE pty ltd, and won the Best Documentary award at the 2018 Newcastle International Film Festival in Newcastle, England.
Eindawthe (Htilominlo)
Eindawthe (Burmese: အိမ်တော်သည်, pronounced [ʔèiɴ dɔ̀ ðɛ̀]]) was a wife of Prince Zeya Theinkha (later King Htilominlo). She was the mother of Regent Naratheinga Uzana (r. c. 1231–35) and King Kyaswa (r. 1235–51). She was a great granddaughter of King Sithu I.

She died a week after giving birth to Kyaswa. Since Kyaswa was born on 4 May 1198, she died on 11 May 1198.

Naratheinga Uzana
Naratheinga Uzana (Burmese: နရသိင်္ဃ ဥဇနာ, pronounced [nəɹa̰ θéiɴga̰]; also known as Naratheinkha Uzana; 1190s–1235) was the king of Pagan from c. 1231 to 1235. He is regarded by G.H. Luce and Than Tun as king between 1231 and 1235 but other historians such as Htin Aung and Michael Aung-Thwin do not accept him as king.

One contemporary stone inscription identifies him as the crown prince, and another identifies him as the king. Neither inscription provides any regnal dates but they were conjecturally dated c. 1230 or c. 1231 by Luce. Luce and Than Tun accept that he was king. It is not universally accepted. Htin Aung does not accept Luce's proposed regnal dates; he argues that the fact that none of the chronicles identifies him as king shows that "his succession was disputed or officially unrecognized." According to Htin Aung, he may have been a pretender to the throne for a few months. Aung-Thwin does not identify Naratheinga as king either.
Eastern striped bandicoot
The eastern striped bandicoot (Microperoryctes ornata) is a species of marsupial in the family Peramelidae. It is found in eastern Papua New Guinea in the Enga Province. It is endemic to mountain forested habitats ranging from 1,000 – 3,600 m in elevation. The eastern striped bandicoot is a terrestrial omnivore.

It was previously listed as a subspecies of Microperoryctes longicauda.

Peramelidae
The marsupial family Peramelidae contains the extant bandicoots. They are found throughout Australia and New Guinea, with at least some species living in every available habitat, from rainforest to desert. Four fossil peramelids are described. One known extinct species of bandicoot, the pig-footed bandicoot, was so different from the other species, it was recently moved into its own family.
Ian Black (footballer, born 1985)
Ian Kenneth Black (born 14 March 1985) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a central midfielder. His clubs included Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Heart of Midlothian, Rangers, Shrewsbury Town and Blackpool. Black made one appearance for the Scotland national team in August 2012, despite playing in the Scottish Third Division for Rangers at that time.

2011–12 Scottish Cup
The 2011–12 Scottish Cup was the 127th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The tournament began on 24 September 2011 and ended on 19 May 2012. It was sponsored by William Hill in the first season of a three-year partnership, known as the William Hill Scottish Cup. The winner of the competition qualified for the play-off round of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League. Heart of Midlothian won 5–1 against city rivals Hibernian at Hampden Park.
Eastchurch
Eastchurch is a village and civil parish on the Isle of Sheppey, in the English county of Kent, two miles east of Minster. The village website claims the area has "a history steeped in stories of piracy and smugglers".

Minster, Swale
Minster is a town on the north coast of the Isle of Sheppey in Kent, south-east England. It is in the Swale administrative district, and within that, in the parish of Minster-on-Sea. According to the 2021 Census, the population of Minster was 17,389.
KRM-II-81
KRM-II-81 is a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor. It is selective for the alpha2 and alpha3 subunits. KRM-II-81 displays anxiolytic, antidepressant and anticonvulsant effects.  However, it has less adverse effects than some other GABAA PAMs: it has low to no sedation and no tolerance development.

A study has also shown KRM-II-81 to be better at treating seizures than diazepam.

Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic (/ˌæŋksiəˈlɪtɪk, ˌæŋksioʊ-/; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and their related psychological and physical symptoms.
Mass gap
In quantum field theory, the mass gap is the difference in energy between the lowest energy state, the vacuum, and the next lowest energy state. The energy of the vacuum is zero by definition, and assuming that all energy states can be thought of as particles in plane-waves, the mass gap is the mass of the lightest particle.

Since the energies of exact (i.e. nonperturbative) energy eigenstates are spread out and therefore are not technically eigenstates, a more precise definition is that the mass gap is the greatest lower bound of the energy of any state which is orthogonal to the vacuum.

The analog of a mass gap in many-body physics on a discrete lattice arises from a gapped Hamiltonian.

Propagator
In quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, the propagator is a function that specifies the probability amplitude for a particle to travel from one place to another in a given period of time, or to travel with a certain energy and momentum. In Feynman diagrams, which serve to calculate the rate of collisions in quantum field theory, virtual particles contribute their propagator to the rate of the scattering event described by the respective diagram. Propagators may also be viewed as the inverse of the wave operator appropriate to the particle, and are, therefore, often called (causal) Green's functions (called "causal" to distinguish it from the elliptic Laplacian Green's function).