hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 RideLondon Classique
The 2022 RideLondon Classique was the eighth edition of the RideLondon Classique, part of the UCI Women's World Tour. The race was part of the RideLondon cycling festival. The race took place from 27 to 29 May 2022. It was won by Dutch rider Lorena Wiebes, who also won all three stages.

It was the first time that the Classique took place over multiple days, having previously been a one-day race in central London. The Classique was last held in 2019, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Compared to previous editions of the Classique, there was a reduced prize pot of €60,000 spread out over the three stages.

The race was criticised for not providing live TV coverage for all three stages - with only the final stage in central London broadcast live.  The UCI subsequently warned that the 2023 event would be demoted to the UCI ProSeries if stages were not broadcast on live television.

RideLondon
RideLondon was an annual festival of cycling held in London. Intended as an annual legacy of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, it was first held in 2013. The festival consists of a series of cycling events on closed roads around Greater London and Essex.

Between 2013 and 2019, the event culminated in the London–Surrey Classic, a one-day international men's road cycling race. In 2022, the RideLondon Classique – a three-day international women's road race as part of the UCI Women's World Tour – served as the flagship event.
Survival of the Fittest (2015)
Survival of the Fittest (2015) was a two night, two city professional wrestling event produced by the U.S.-based wrestling promotion Ring of Honor, the 10th Survival of the Fittest. It took place on November 13, 2015 at the Turner Hall Ballroom in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and November 14 at the Hopkins Eisenhower Community Center in Hopkins, Minnesota.

ROH World Championship
The ROH World Championship is a men's professional wrestling world championship created and promoted by the American promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). It is considered the most prestigious title in the promotion. In addition to being in ROH, the championship is also occasionally defended on All Elite Wrestling's (AEW) programs, as AEW and ROH are both owned by Tony Khan. The current champion is Bandido, who is in his second reign. He won the title by defeating Chris Jericho in a Title vs. Mask match at AEW Dynasty on April 6, 2025.

Established on June 22, 2002, the inaugural champion was Low Ki. When the title is jointly held with the AEW Continental Championship and the Strong Openweight Championship of the American branch of partner promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling, the three titles together make up the American Triple Crown Championship, also referred to as the Continental Crown; as of March 2024, this has only happened once.
Lope Balaguer
José Manuel López Balaguer (born August 22 1925, in Santiago de los Caballeros – died January 29 2015, in Santo Domingo) also known as Lope Balaguer, was a Dominican singer; he was nephew of Dominican president Joaquín Balaguer and cousin of the musicians Johnny Pacheco and Nelo López. He married Flor de Oro Trujillo, daughter of dictator Rafael Trujillo.

Johnny Pacheco
Juan Pablo Knipping Pacheco (25 March 1935 – 15 February 2021), known as Johnny Pacheco, was a Dominican musician, arranger, composer, bandleader, and record producer. Born in the Dominican Republic, Pacheco became a leading figure in the New York salsa scene in the 1960s and 1970s as the founder and musical director of Fania Records.

Pacheco was one of the leading exponents of pachanga, a blend of Cuban rhythms and Dominican merengue in the late 1950s. He popularized the use of the term "salsa" and established the Fania All-Stars to showcase the leading artists of the genre, which propelled him to worldwide fame and had an important role in the evolution of Latin music.

Pacheco was a nine-time Grammy nominee and was awarded the Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award by the Latin Recording Academy in 2005.
Chemical thermodynamics
Chemical thermodynamics is the study of the interrelation of heat and work with chemical reactions or with physical changes of state within the confines of the laws of thermodynamics. Chemical thermodynamics involves not only laboratory measurements of various thermodynamic properties, but also the application of mathematical methods to the study of chemical questions and the spontaneity of processes.

The structure of chemical thermodynamics is based on the first two laws of thermodynamics.  Starting from the first and second laws of thermodynamics, four equations called the "fundamental equations of Gibbs" can be derived.  From these four, a multitude of equations, relating the thermodynamic properties of the thermodynamic system can be derived using relatively simple mathematics.  This outlines the mathematical framework of chemical thermodynamics.

Extent of reaction
In physical chemistry and chemical engineering, extent of reaction is a quantity that measures the extent to which the reaction has proceeded. Often, it refers specifically to the value of the extent of reaction when equilibrium has been reached. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter ξ. The extent of reaction is usually defined so that it has units of amount (moles). It was introduced by the Belgian scientist Théophile de Donder.
Wire speed
In computer networking, wire speed or wirespeed refers to the hypothetical peak physical layer net bit rate (useful information rate) of a cable (consisting of fiber-optical wires or copper wires) combined with a certain digital communication device, interface, or port. For example, the wire speed of Fast Ethernet is 100 Mbit/s also known as the peak bitrate, connection speed, useful bit rate, information rate, or digital bandwidth capacity. The wire speed is the data transfer rate that a telecommunications standard provides at a reference point between the physical layer and the data link layer.

Physical layer
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer: the layer most closely associated with the physical connection between devices. The physical layer provides an electrical, mechanical, and procedural interface to the transmission medium. The shapes and properties of the electrical connectors, the frequencies to transmit on, the line code to use and similar low-level parameters are specified by the physical layer.

At the electrical layer, the physical layer is commonly implemented in a dedicated PHY chip or, in electronic design automation (EDA), by a design block. In mobile computing, the MIPI Alliance *-PHY family of interconnect protocols are widely used.
Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development
Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development SA is a Swiss for-profit entity and international development finance institution which invests in countries of East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. It is based in Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded by Aga Khan IV and is part of the Aga Khan Development Network.

Development finance institution
Development finance institution (DFI), also known as a Development bank, is a financial institution that provides risk capital for economic development projects on a non-commercial basis.

DFIs are often established and owned by governments or nonprofit organizations to finance projects that would otherwise not be able to get financing from commercial lenders.

They are often structured as a company that provides loans for projects that a government or nonprofit wants to encourage for non commercial reasons.  They can be at a local, national or international level.  DFIs include multilateral development banks, national development banks, bilateral development banks, microfinance institutions, community development financial institution and revolving loan funds.
Anthony Medel
Anthony Medel (born March 28, 1978) is a male beach volleyball player from the United States who won the gold medal at the NORCECA Circuit 2009 at Guatemala playing with Hans Stolfus.

Medel has also participated in the Association of Volleyball Professionals tournaments since 1999.

Hans Stolfus
Hans Stolfus (born in Solon, Iowa) is a male beach volleyball player from the United States who won the silver medal in the men's beach team competition at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, partnering with Ty Loomis.
Schneider Doctrine
The Schneider Doctrine was a political doctrine originally espoused by Chilean General René Schneider, which allowed the election of Salvador Allende as President of Chile, and was the main ideological obstacle to a military coup d'état against him. The doctrine was influential through the period July 1970 - September 1973.

Tacnazo insurrection
The Tacnazo insurrection (October 21, 1969) (Spanish: El Tacnazo) was a brief revolt of the Tacna artillery regiment, led by General Roberto Viaux, in what turned out to be a non-violent demonstration against the government of Chilean President Eduardo Frei Montalva.
Witches of East End season 2
The second and final season of Witches of East End premiered on July 6, 2014, and concluded on October 5, 2014. It consisted of 13 episodes, each running 40–45 minutes approx. The series is based loosely on the book of the same by Melissa de la Cruz. The story takes place in East End focusing on a family of witches, led by Joanna Beauchamp (Julia Ormond). This season aired on Sundays at 9pm, followed by the new series The Lottery, and averaged 1.13 million viewers. On November 4, 2014, Lifetime cancelled Witches of East End due to low ratings in the second season.

Witches of East End (TV series)
Witches of East End is an American television series based on the 2011 novel of the same name by Melissa de la Cruz. The series premiered on Lifetime on October 6, 2013, and ended on October 5, 2014, after two seasons. Set in the fictional seaside town of East End, it follows the lives of a family of witches – Joanna Beauchamp (Julia Ormond) and her two grown-up daughters, Freya Beauchamp (Jenna Dewan) and Ingrid Beauchamp (Rachel Boston), as well as her sister Wendy Beauchamp (Mädchen Amick).

On November 22, 2013, Lifetime renewed Witches of East End for a second season to consist of 13 episodes, which premiered on July 6, 2014. On November 4, 2014, Lifetime cancelled Witches of East End after a decline in ratings during the second season. The series finale aired on October 5, 2014.
Tahiryuaq (Northwest Territories)
Tahiryuaq, formerly Tahiryuak Lake, is a lake located in the Canadian Arctic's Northwest Territories. It is situated in northcentral Victoria Island, north of Prince Albert Sound, southeast of Minto Inlet.

The lake is populated with Arctic char It is designated as a Key Habitat Site because of the high density of nesting king eiders.  In addition, notable populations of Arctic tern, cackling goose, long-tailed duck, Pacific loon, pomarine jaeger, and Sabine's gulls  frequent the area.

Tahiryuak was a caribou hunting region of the Haneragmiut and the Kanianermiut Copper Inuit.

Prince Albert Sound
Prince Albert Sound (Inuit: Kangiryuak) is a Northern Canadian body of water located in the Inuvik Region of southwestern Victoria Island,  Northwest Territories. It is an inlet of Amundsen Gulf. The sound separates the Wollaston Peninsula from the island's central areas. On 14 May 1851, some of Robert McClure's men reached its north side. Ten days later, John Rae (explorer) reached its south side, but the two groups had no contact.

Prince Albert Sound is 172 mi (277 km) long and 40 mi (64 km) wide.
We Are Doomed
We Are Doomed: Reclaiming Conservative Pessimism is a 2009 non-fiction book by British-American writer John Derbyshire. He draws upon classical conservatism thinking to argue that modern Western civilization is dying and will eventually fail completely. He blames what he sees as a collectivist and Utopian mindset among the political left as well as an irrational optimism and faith in the future on the political right. It was published by Crown Forum.

Hereditarianism
Hereditarianism is the research program according to which heredity plays a central role in determining human nature and character traits, such as intelligence and personality. Hereditarians believe in the power of genetic influences to explain human behavior and solve human social-political problems. They stress the value of evolutionary explanations in all areas of the human sciences.

Most prominently in intelligence research, they purport that genetic predisposition determines individual life outcomes more than do either structured environmental influences (i.e. nurture) or developmental noise respectively.
Hkonmaing
Hkonmaing (Burmese: ခုံမှိုင်း [kʰòʊɰ̃ m̥áɪɰ̃], Shan: ၶုၼ်မိူင်း; also Hkonmaing Nge, Sao Hkun Mong; 1497–1545) was king of Ava from 1542 to 1545. The saopha of the Shan state of Onbaung–Hsipaw was elected by the Ava court to the Ava throne in 1542, by extension the leader of the Confederation of Shan States, despite strenuous objections by the House of Mohnyin. He was accepted as the leader by other Confederation leaders only because the Confederation was in the middle of a serious war with Toungoo Dynasty. After the Confederation's failed military campaigns in 1543–45 that resulted in the loss of Central Burma, Hkonmaing lost the support of Sawlon II of Mohnyin. He died in 1545 while fighting a Mohnyin-backed rebellion by Sithu Kyawhtin.

Kingdom of Ava
The Ava Kingdom (Burmese: အင်းဝပြည်, pronounced [ʔɪ́ɰ̃wa̰ kʰɪʔ]; INN-wa pyi) also known as Inwa Kingdom or Kingdom of Ava was the dominant kingdom that ruled upper Burma (Myanmar) from 1365 to 1555. Founded in 1365, the kingdom was the successor state to the petty kingdoms of Myinsaing, Pinya and Sagaing that had ruled central Burma since the collapse of the Pagan Kingdom in the late 13th century.

Like the small kingdoms that preceded it, Ava may have been led by Bamarised Shan kings who claimed descent from the kings of Pagan. Scholars debate that the Shan ethnicity of Avan kings comes from mistranslation, particularly from a record of the Avan kings' ancestors ruling a Shan village in central Burma prior to their rise or prominence.
Samurai Shodown V
Samurai Shodown V is the eighth game in SNK's Samurai Shodown series of fighting games. It was one of the last games to be released on the Neo Geo. This title takes place two years before the first Samurai Shodown.

Examu
Examu, was a Japanese video game company founded in 2000 by exstaff members from Yuki Enterprises. It mostly produced fighting games for arcades and home consoles and was the developer of the fighting game series Arcana Heart. Initially, they developed games for their own arcade system board called eX-Board, to release their games mostly on Taito's NESiCAxLive arcade delivery system. Support for eX-Board ceased in December, 2013. At the end of February 2020, Examu suspended their business operations. Any ongoing development works and product supports (most particularly ongoing supported fighting games (including licensed fighting games)) has since migrated to its rebranded successor since 2019, Team Arcana.
1946 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1946 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1946. Incumbent Democratic Governor Lester C. Hunt ran for re-election to a second term. Former Republican Governor Nels H. Smith, whom Hunt defeated in 1942, announced that he would challenge Hunt for re-election, but he was defeated in the Republican primary by State Treasurer Earl Wright. In the general election, even though the Republican Party had a strong performance nationwide, Wyoming Democrats did well; Hunt defeated Wright by a wider margin than his 1942 victory as Democratic U.S. Senator Joseph C. O'Mahoney similarly won another term.

1946 United States elections
Elections were held on November 5, 1946, and elected the members of the 80th United States Congress. In the first election after World War II, incumbent President Harry S. Truman (who took office on April 12, 1945, upon the death of his predecessor, Franklin D. Roosevelt) and the Democratic Party suffered large losses. After having been in the minority of both chambers of Congress since 1932, Republicans took control of both the House and the Senate.

This Republican wave reflected the public backlash against President Truman for the post-war economic hardships the country suffered, straining American-Soviet relations, and his handling of the United Auto Workers strike. Afterwards, Truman was widely expected to face a tough reelection environment in the subsequent presidential election, but he ultimately defied expectations.
Francis Bulfin
Francis Bulfin (12 February 1874 – 22 March 1951) was an Irish Sinn Féin and Cumann na nGaedheal politician based in Birr, County Offaly, who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) in the 1920s.

He was the brother of William Bulfin. Bulfin was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1921 general election to the 2nd Dáil as a Sinn Féin TD for Leix–Offaly. He was re-elected as a Pro-Treaty Sinn Féin TD to the 3rd Dáil at the 1922 general election, and as a Cumann na nGaedheal TD to the 4th Dáil at the 1923 election.

He lost his seat at the June 1927 general election, when Cumann na nGaedheal lost two of its three seats in the constituency to the new Fianna Fáil party. Bulfin's local party organisation was described as "non-existent" and the party replaced him with a higher-profile candidate in the September 1927 general election.

Francis Bulfin was born a twin, but his twin brother, James Bulfin, died at birth.

William Bulfin
William Bulfin (1 November 1863 – February 1910) was an Irish, and later Argentine, author, journalist, newspaper editor and publisher. He was the fourth son in a family of nine boys and one girl, the children of William Bulfin, of Derrinlough, Birr, County Offaly, Ireland, and Margaret Grogan of Croghan, County Offaly.
Pitsea railway station
Pitsea is a railway station on the London, Tilbury and Southend line, serving the town of Pitsea in the borough of Basildon, Essex. It is situated at a junction where a loop via Grays re-joins the main line via Basildon. Down the main line it is 26 miles 42 chains (42.7 km) from London Fenchurch Street; via the loop it is 32 miles 37 chains (52.2 km) from Fenchurch Street. Its three-letter station code is PSE. The station and all trains serving it are currently operated by c2c.

The station is immediately south of the A13 road, adjacent to a level crossing which gives the main road access to the marshes area south of Pitsea and Basildon. The station is the closest for Wat Tyler Country Park which is about a kilometre away down Pitsea Hall Lane.

Tilbury Riverside railway station
Tilbury Riverside railway station is a closed railway station located in the town of Tilbury in the borough and unitary authority of Thurrock in Essex, England, south of a triangular junction on the railway between Tilbury Town and East Tilbury. The station was 22 miles 46 chains (36.33 km) down the line from London Fenchurch Street station via Rainham.

The article also covers the area enclosed within the triangular junction north of the station.
State visit by Barack Obama to the United Kingdom
From 24 to 26 May 2011, the President of the United States, Barack Obama, made a state visit to the United Kingdom with his wife, the first lady of the United States, Michelle Obama. He was received by Queen Elizabeth II and stayed at Buckingham Palace. The visit marked the second time a U.S. president had been invited for a state visit to the United Kingdom. The Obamas had previously met the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh at Buckingham Palace during the G20 summit in London in April 2009.

Winfield House
Winfield House is an English townhouse in Regent's Park, central London and the official residence of the United States ambassador to the United Kingdom (formally, ambassador to the Court of St James's).  The grounds are 12 acres (4.9 ha), the second largest private garden in London, after the Garden of Buckingham Palace.

The house was built for American heiress Barbara Woolworth Hutton in 1936 on the former Hertford–St. Dunstan estate that had been damaged by fire.  During the Second World War, the estate was used by the Royal Air Force.  Hutton donated it to the United States after the war, and since 1955 it has been the American ambassador's residence. The house is Grade II listed by Historic England as an "exceptional ambassador's residence and as a notable Neo-Georgian town house containing numerous features of note."
Tobin Bridges
The Tobin Bridges are two bridges in Plumas County for highway and railroad crossings of the North Fork Feather River that nearly cross at the west side of the river.  The railroad bridge also crosses over Highway 70.

The railroad Tobin Bridge is located on the Union Pacific Railroad's (originally Western Pacific Railroad's) Feather River Route through the Sierra Nevada in northeastern California, connecting the Sacramento Valley to Salt Lake City via the Feather River valley. The bridge is part of WP's eastward climb to its summit at Beckwourth Pass while maintaining the railroad's overall 1.0 percent (compensated) grade, the least steep of any mountain grade on a transcontinental railroad.

Western Pacific Railroad
The Western Pacific Railroad (reporting mark WP) was a Class I railroad in the United States. It was formed in 1903 as an attempt to break the near-monopoly the Southern Pacific Railroad had on rail service into northern California. WP's Feather River Route directly competed with SP's portion of the Overland Route for rail traffic between Salt Lake City/Ogden, Utah, and Oakland, California, for nearly 80 years. The Western Pacific was one of the original operators of the California Zephyr passenger line.

In 1982, the Western Pacific was acquired by the Union Pacific Corporation and it was merged into the Union Pacific Railroad.
2012 Boys' Youth NORCECA Volleyball Championship
The 2012 Boys' Youth NORCECA Volleyball Championship was the eighth edition of the bi-annual Volleyball Tournament, played by eight countries from July 2–7, 2012 in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. The top two teams other than Mexico qualified to the 2013 Boys Youth World Championship, Mexico had already secured a berth as Host.

Mexico men's national volleyball team
The Mexico men's national volleyball team represents Mexico in international volleyball competitions. In the 1950s the squad twice won a medal (silver and bronze) at the Pan American Games. The dominant forces in men's volleyball in North and Central America are Cuba and the United States.
British Forces Gibraltar
British Forces Gibraltar constitute those elements of the British Armed Forces stationed in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Gibraltar is used primarily as a training area, thanks to its good climate and rocky terrain, and as a stopover for aircraft and ships en route to and from deployments East of Suez or in Africa.

British Forces Gibraltar as a formation was established in mid-1992 after the last Royal Navy-lead commander, Rear Admiral Geoffrey Biggs, Flag Officer Gibraltar, hauled down his flag. Thereafter the new command took on a more tri-service character.

HMS Trent (P224)
HMS Trent is a Batch 2 River-class offshore patrol vessel, named after the River Trent. This is the sixth Royal Navy ship named Trent. She is the third Batch 2 River-class vessel to be commissioned and has been deployed on various overseas taskings including being forward deployed to Gibraltar for operations in the Mediterranean, the Gulf of Guinea and the Caribbean.