hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer enhancement
Heat transfer enhancement is the process of increasing the effectiveness of heat exchangers. This can be achieved when the heat-transfer power of a given device is increased or when the pressure losses generated by the device are reduced. A variety of techniques can be applied to this effect, including generating strong secondary flows or increasing boundary-layer turbulence.

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Tagma (military)
The tagma (Greek: τάγμα; pl.: tagmata, τάγματα) is a military unit of battalion or regiment size, especially the elite regiments formed by Byzantine emperor Constantine V and comprising the central army of the Byzantine Empire in the 8th–11th centuries.

John Haldon
John Frederick Haldon FBA (born 23 October 1948 in Newcastle upon Tyne) is a British historian, and Shelby Cullom Davis '30 Professor of European History emeritus, professor of Byzantine history and Hellenic Studies emeritus, as well as former director of the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Iran and Persian Gulf Studies at Princeton University. He presided over the International Association of Byzantine Studies from 2016 to 2022.
Baháʼí Faith in the United Kingdom
The Baháʼí Faith in the United Kingdom started in 1898 when Mrs. Mary Thornburgh-Cropper (d. 1938), an American by birth, became the first adherent of the Baháʼí Faith in England. Through the 1930s, the number of Baháʼís in the United Kingdom grew, leading to a pioneer movement beginning after the Second World War with sixty percent of the British Baháʼí community eventually relocating. At the 2021 UK Census, there were 4,725 Baháʼís in England and Wales, making it the 17th largest religion, a decline of 6% compared to the 2011 UK Census, when there were 5,021 Baháʼís in England and Wales. In Northern Ireland, there were 281 Baháʼís recorded in the 2021 census.

Spiritual Assembly
Spiritual Assembly is a term given by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá to refer to elected councils that govern the Baháʼí Faith. Because the Baháʼí Faith has no clergy, they carry out the affairs of the community.  In addition to existing at the local level, there are national Spiritual Assemblies (although "national" in some cases refers to a portion of a country or to a group of countries). Spiritual Assemblies form part of the elected branch of the Baháʼí administration.
Angel Heart (Bonnie Tyler album)
Angel Heart is the ninth album by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler released in 1992. It is the second of three albums Tyler released with Hansa Records, succeeding Bitterblue and preceding Silhouette in Red, achieving European success and spawning two hits, "Fools Lullaby" and "Call Me".

The majority of the tracks were written by Tyler's producer, Dieter Bohlen. Tyler duetted with Frankie Miller on "Save Your Love", the first time Tyler has duetted with Miller since 1983 on her album Faster Than the Speed of Night.

Faster Than the Speed of Night
Faster Than the Speed of Night is the fifth studio album by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler. It was released in Europe on 8 April 1983 and later that year in the US through Columbia Records.

After releasing four albums on RCA, Tyler signed with CBS Records and changed musical direction. Soon after, she began working with Jim Steinman who produced the album and wrote its most successful single "Total Eclipse of the Heart".

Faster Than the Speed of Night entered the UK Albums Chart at No. 1, and was certified silver in the UK, platinum in the US, and double platinum in Canada.

On initial U.S. editions, the sleeve photo does not include the beam of light going through Tyler's head.
2017 South American U-17 Championship
The 2017 South American Under-17 Football Championship (Spanish: Campeonato Sudamericano Sub-17 Chile 2017, Brazilian Portuguese: Campeonato Sul-Americano Sub-17 Chile 2017) was the 17th edition of the South American Under-17 Football Championship, a football competition for the under-17 national teams in South America organized by CONMEBOL. It was held in Chile from 23 February to 19 March 2017.

Brazil were crowned champions, and together with Chile, Paraguay and Colombia, which were the top four teams of this tournament, qualified for the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup in India.

South American U-17 Championship
The South American U-17 Championship (Spanish: Campeonato Sudamericano Sub-17; Portuguese: Campeonato Sul-Americano Sub-17), branded as CONMEBOL Sub 17, is a football competition held every two years for South American under-17 teams. The tournament was born in 1985 out of a need for a classification tournament for the newly created FIFA U-16 World Cup (now the FIFA U-17 World Cup). For the first three editions (1985, 1986, and 1988), the competition was limited to under-16 teams. Afterwards, the age limit was raised one year. The tournament is held every two years. Since the first edition, Brazil has been the dominant force of the tournament, winning a record thirteen times.
Kempston Micro Electronics
Kempston Micro Electronics was an electronics company based in Kempston, Bedfordshire, England specialising in computer joysticks and related home computer peripherals during the 1980s.

The Kempston Interface, a peripheral which allowed a joystick using the de facto Atari joystick port standard to be connected to the ZX Spectrum, was one of the most widely used add-ons to the machine.

D-subminiature
The D-subminiature or D-sub is a common type of electrical connector. They are named for their characteristic D-shaped metal shield. When they were introduced, D-subs were among the smallest connectors used on computer systems.
2023 Waratah Cup
The 2023 Waratah Cup was the 21st season of the Football NSW's knockout competition. The four winners from the Australia Cup preliminary seventh round qualified for the Waratah Cup. NWS Spirit were the defending champions but were eliminated by the eventual winners Sydney United 58 in the seventh round. Sydney United won the cup, their seventh in history, against APIA Leichhardt in extra time.

Football NSW League
The Football NSW League is an Australian soccer league based in New South Wales that was founded in 2022 and administered by Football NSW. It consists of two divisions that were named after the Football NSW League's breakaway of the National Premier Leagues NSW second and third divisions (and formerly fourth division) that ran in the NPL NSW system from 2013 to 2021.
Wes King
Wes King (born January 20, 1966) is an American contemporary Christian singer, songwriter, photographer, and musician. He is perhaps best known for his 1993 album The Robe. His demo material, a cassette tape named "Lonely Poet", is sung by other artists, such as Kim Hill. He briefly attended Covenant College outside of Chattanooga, Tennessee, in the late 1980s. He also led worship at Christian youth retreat camps.

Susan Ashton
Susan Ashton (born Susan Rae Hill; July 17, 1967) is an American contemporary Christian music and country music artist who topped the Christian charts throughout the 1990s. In 1991 she began using her mother's maiden name, Ashton, when she recorded her first single, in order to distinguish herself from fellow CCM singer Kim Hill.

Ashton has recorded eight studio albums to date, of which six were released on Sparrow Records. She has also charted fourteen number one hits on the Christian charts, and four singles on the Hot Country Songs charts; her highest-peaking song on the latter is 1999's "You're Lucky I Love You", which reached No. 37.
Windy City (album)
Windy City is the fourth solo studio album by bluegrass-country artist Alison Krauss. Released on February 17, 2017, the album is Krauss' first solo release since Forget About It in 1999, and includes ten covers of classic songs that she selected with producer Buddy Cannon.

The deluxe edition adds four live versions of tracks. The Target Exclusive version adds two more tracks to the deluxe edition. The Cracker Barrel Exclusive version adds one more track to the regular edition. The Barnes & Noble Exclusive vinyl LP version has an alternate cover image.

Forget About It
Forget About It is the third solo studio album by Alison Krauss, released in 1999. It reached number 5 on the Billboard Country Albums chart. The lead single, "Forget About It", peaked at number 67 on the Country Singles Chart, and "Stay" reached number 28 on the Adult Contemporary chart.
Anthony Marx
Anthony William "Tony" Marx (born February 28, 1959) is an American academic. He became the president and CEO of the New York Public Library in July 2011, succeeding Paul LeClerc.  Marx is the former president of Amherst College, in Amherst, Massachusetts. Since joining the New York Public Library, Marx has focused on expanding the library’s education programs and on increasing public access to library e-books. He has also prioritized services for researchers and bringing library materials to public schools.

Paul LeClerc
Paul LeClerc is a scholar in French literature, former President of Hunter College, and former President and CEO of the New York Public Library. LeClerc is also a trustee of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation as Director of the National Book Foundation, as Director of the Maison Française of Columbia University.
Aouda Doukalia
Aouda Doukalia (Arabic: عودة دكالية) was one of the wives of the Alaouite Sultan Moulay Ismail and the mother of Sultan Al-Mostadi ben Ismail.

She was native of Doukkala. In 1738 she entered in negotiations with the General of the Abid al-Bukhari to seat her son Moulay Mostadi on the throne. They accepted and crowned him in place of Sultan Mohammed ben Ismail who was thus overthrown.

Her son Moulay Mostadi sealed stronger alliances than his predecessors, he was the greatest obstacle for Moulay Abdallah and several battles resulted between these two sultans.

Al-Mostadi of Morocco
Al-Mostadi bin Isma'il (Arabic: المستضيء بن اسماعيل, d. 1760 / 1164 of the Hijra) was a sultan of the 'Alawi dynasty of Morocco who ruled at various intervals from 1738 to 1748, revolting against his brother Abdallah of Morocco a number of times.: 7125–7127  He is a son of Ismail Ibn Sharif.
John Tsamblak
John Tsamblak or Zuan Tzamplakon (Romanian: Ioan Țamblac) was a member of the Tsamblak family, active as diplomat in the service of Moldavia, and as a mercenary (stratioti) leader. He is mentioned in connection with Stephen III's diplomatic missions to the Republic of Venice, and particularly the marriage arrangements with Maria of Mangup. He was nephew of Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev, and related to Gregory Tsamblak and, apparently, Cardinal Bessarion.

Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev
Cyprian (c. 1336 – 16 September 1406) was a prelate of Bulgarian origin, who served as the Metropolitan of Kiev, Rus' and Lithuania (2 December 1375 – 12 February 1376) and the Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus' (12 February 1376 – 16 September 1406) in the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. During both periods, he was opposed by rival hierarchs and by the grand prince of Moscow. He was known as a bright opinion writer, editor, translator, and book copyist. He is commemorated by the Russian Orthodox Church on May 27 and September 16 (O.S.).
Frank Herbert (politician)
Francis Xavier Herbert (January 11, 1931 – September 25, 2018) was an American school teacher and Democratic Party politician who served a single term in the New Jersey Senate where he represented the 39th Legislative District. He is the only candidate in New Jersey history to win a Federal primary election as a write-in candidate.

NJ Transit
New Jersey Transit Corporation, branded as NJ Transit or NJTransit and often shortened to NJT, is a state-owned public transportation system that serves the U.S. state of New Jersey and portions of the states of New York and Pennsylvania. It operates buses, light rail, and commuter rail services throughout the state, connecting to major commercial and employment centers both within the state and in its two adjacent major cities, New York City and Philadelphia. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 225,620,400.

Covering a service area of 5,325 square miles (13,790 km2), NJT is the largest statewide public transit system and the third-largest provider of bus, rail, and light rail transit by ridership in the United States.

NJT also acts as a purchasing agency for many private operators in the state; in particular, buses to serve routes not served by the transit agency.
Chilaw Electoral District
Chilaw electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Chilaw in Puttalam District, North Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Chilaw electoral district was replaced by the Puttalam multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the proportional representation system.

Puttalam Electoral District
Puttalam electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Puttalam in the North Western province. The district currently elects 8 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 495,575 registered electors in 2010. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 16.
Scalby, East Riding of Yorkshire
Scalby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Gilberdyke, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) west of Brough and 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Goole. It lies on the B1230 road.

Historically in the wapentake of Howdenshire, it is now represented at Parliament as part of the Goole and Pocklington constituency.

The name is from the same form as Scalby in North Yorkshire; Skalle-by, with Skalle being a personal name. Skalle is Old Norse and by means farm or farmstead.

Scalby was formerly a township in the parish of Blacktoft, in 1866 Scalby became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Blacktoft, part also went to form Gilberdyke and Newport. In 1931 the parish had a population of 160.

Blacktoft
Blacktoft is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The village is situated on the north bank of the River Ouse, 1 mile (1.6 km) west from where it joins the River Trent and becomes the Humber. It is approximately 6 miles (10 km) east from Howden and 23 miles (37 km) south-east from the county town of York. Blacktoft lies within the Parliamentary constituency of Goole and Pocklington.

The civil parish of Blacktoft consists of the village of Blacktoft, Bellasize, Faxfleet and Yokefleet. According to the 2011 UK Census the parish had a population of 322, an increase of one on the 2001 UK census figure.

Blacktoft Sands RSPB reserve lies across the Ouse. The relatively new island of Whitton Island in the Humber Estuary falls partly within the parish.
Samuel Dickens (priest)
Christianity portal

Samuel Dickens , DD (1719–1791) was  Archdeacon of Durham from 1760 until his death.

Prosser was educated at Christ Church, Oxford.
He served incumbencies in Colchester, Gateshead and Easington. He was Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford from 1751 until 1763; and Rector of Easington from 1763 until his death on 30 August 1791.

Easington, County Durham
Easington, also known as Easington Village, is a village and civil parish in eastern County Durham, England. It is located at the junction of the A182 and B1283, leading north-west to Hetton-le-Hole and south east to Horden.

It is near the A19, which travels north to Seaham and Sunderland as well as south to Peterlee and Stockton-on-Tees. The population of Easington Village was 2,164 in 2001, increasing slightly to 2,171 at the 2011 Census.
Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension
Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension (French pronunciation: [vilʁɛ sɛ̃ miʃɛl paʁk ɛkstɑ̃sjɔ̃]) is a borough (arrondissement) in the city of Montreal, Quebec. It had a population of 145,090 according to the 2021 Census and a land area of 16.5 square kilometres (6.4 mi2).

The borough of Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension was created on January 1, 2002, following the municipal reorganization of Montreal. The borough includes the neighbourhoods of Villeray, Saint-Michel, and Parc-Extension.

Blue Line (Montreal Metro)
The Blue Line (French: Ligne bleue, pronounced [liɲ blø]), also known as Line 5 (French: Ligne 5), is one of the four lines of the Montreal Metro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was the fourth to be built, notwithstanding its alternate official name of "Line 5", as Line 3 was planned but never built. Unlike the other three routes, the east–west Blue Line does not serve the city's main Metro junction at Berri–UQAM.

The line first opened in 1986, with the last addition to the line being an intermediate station in 1988. The line is currently being extended five stations to the east, with completion scheduled for 2031.
Angkor Hospital for Children
Angkor Hospital for Children (AHC) is an independent, non-profit paediatric healthcare hospital and organisation located in Siem Reap, Cambodia. AHC was founded in 1999 through the efforts of a Japanese photographer Kenro Izu.  The mission of AHC is to improve healthcare of Cambodia's children by creating a sustainable, replicable model of a healthcare institution in cooperation with the Cambodian government.

Siem Reap
Siem Reap (Khmer: សៀមរាប, Siĕm Réab [siəm riəp]) is the second-largest city of Cambodia, as well as the capital and largest city of Siem Reap Province in northwestern Cambodia.

Siem Reap possesses French-colonial and Chinese-style architecture in the Old French Quarter and around the Old Market. The city is a major hub for tourism in Cambodia due to its close proximity to the ancient temples of Angkor constructed during the Khmer Empire. In and around the city there are museums, traditional Apsara dance performances, a Cambodian cultural village, souvenir and handicraft shops, silk farms, rice paddies in the countryside, fishing villages and a bird sanctuary near Tonlé Sap, and a cosmopolitan drinking and dining scene.

Siem Reap was named the ASEAN City of Culture for the period 2021–2022 at the 9th Meeting of the ASEAN Ministers Responsible for Culture and Arts (AMCA) organized on Oct 22, 2020.
Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs is a position with the UK Opposition's Shadow Cabinet that deals with issues surrounding the environment and food and rural affairs; if the opposition party is elected to government, the designated person is a likely choice to become the new secretary of state for environment, food and rural affairs.

The position existed as Shadow Secretary of State for the Environment until 1997, when it was renamed Environment, Transport and the Regions to match the Government's reorganisation. It changed to its current name in 2001 for the same reason. Under Michael Howard, the arrangement was slightly different. There was a shadow environment secretary outside the Shadow Cabinet and (together with the shadow transport secretary) under the direction of the shadow secretary of state for environment and transport.

Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)
The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet, or His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition Shadow Cabinet, usually simply the Shadow Cabinet, is the committee of senior members of the Official Opposition who scrutinise the work of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. Each Shadow Cabinet member is typically given a position which corresponds to that of a government minister in Cabinet.
Hakamaii
Hakamai'i is an associated commune on the island of Ua Pou in the Marquesas Islands group of French Polynesia. It is approximately 90 minutes by road from the island's capital of Hakahau. Its population was 514 at the 2022 census.

The village was previously inhabited by the Ahutai tribe. It has a primary school, the Ecole primaire Hakamai'i. Secondary students must attend boarding school elsewhere.

Hakahau
Hakahau is the main village and port of the island of Ua Pou,  in the Marquesas Islands, northeast of French Polynesia. It is the capital of the municipality. It is located at the bottom of a sheltered bay on the northeast side of the island, and has a sheltered dock by a jetty.  The Aranui 3 stops at Hakahau.
Muhamed Šahinović
Muhamed Šahinović (pronounced [muxǎmed ʃâːxinoʋitɕ]; born 30 September 2003) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Croatian Football League club Gorica, on loan from Raków Częstochowa.

Šahinović started his professional career at Sarajevo, before joining Raków in 2024.

2020–21 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The 2020–21 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup was the 25th edition of Bosnia and Herzegovina's annual football cup, and the twentieth season of the unified competition.

Sarajevo were the defending champions since the 2019–20 edition was abandoned due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo managed to once again win the cup after beating Borac Banja Luka in the final.
Zero power factor curve
The zero power factor curve (also zero power factor characteristic, ZPF, ZPFC) of a synchronous generator is a plot of the output voltage as a function of the excitation current or field using a zero power factor (purely inductive) load that corresponds to rated voltage at rated current (1 p.u.). The curve is typically plotted alongside the open-circuit characteristic.

Obtained by measuring the terminal voltage when the current has a zero power factor current using a pure inductive load that could be regulated to compensate the reactive power of the generator EMF.

The curve is obtained by rotating the generator at the rated RPM with the output terminals connected to the unity load, varying the excitation field and recording the output voltage.

The ZPFC could be used together with the open-circuit saturation curve in Potier Triangle method.

The zero power characteristic is similar to the  open-circuit characteristic but shifted down by .

Excitation (magnetic)
In electromagnetism, excitation is the  process of generating a magnetic field by means of an electric current.

An electric generator or electric motor consists of a rotor spinning in a magnetic field. The magnetic field may be produced by  permanent magnets or by field coils. In the case of a machine with field coils, a current must flow in the coils to generate (excite) the field, otherwise no power is transferred to or from the rotor. Field coils yield the most flexible form of magnetic flux regulation and de-regulation, but at the expense of a flow of electric current. Hybrid topologies exist, which incorporate both permanent magnets and field coils in the same configuration. The flexible excitation of a rotating electrical machine is employed by either brushless excitation techniques or by the injection of current by carbon brushes (static excitation).