hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Rado
Richard Rado FRS (28 April 1906 – 23 December 1989) was a German-born British mathematician whose research concerned combinatorics and graph theory. He was Jewish and left Germany to escape Nazi persecution. He earned two PhDs: in 1933 from the University of Berlin, and in 1935 from the University of Cambridge. He was interviewed in Berlin by Lord Cherwell for a scholarship given by the chemist Sir Robert Mond which provided financial support to study at Cambridge. After he was awarded the scholarship, Rado and his wife left for the UK in 1933. He was appointed Professor of Mathematics at the University of Reading in 1954 and remained there until he retired in 1971.

Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell
Frederick Alexander Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell, CH, PC, FRS (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ CHAR-wel; 5 April 1886 – 3 July 1957) was a British physicist who was prime scientific adviser to Winston Churchill in World War II.

He was involved in the development of radar and infra-red guidance systems. He was sceptical of  the first reports of the enemy's V-weapons programme. He pressed the case for the strategic area bombing of cities.

His abiding influence on Churchill stemmed from close personal friendship, as a member of the latter's country-house set. In Churchill's second government, he was given a seat in the cabinet, and later created Viscount Cherwell of Oxford.
The Winchester, Highgate
The Winchester is a public house in Highgate, London. It was built in 1881 as the Winchester Tavern, and later became the Winchester Hall Hotel. The name derives from Winchester Hall, a nearby late 17th-century mansion. The pub has featured on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

In early 2016, locals campaigned to save the pub from a proposed residential redevelopment. The campaign was successful, and the old building frontage remains undeveloped. The Winchester ceased operations as a pub in 2016, but reopened in 2022.

Highgate
Highgate is a suburban area of north London, which is divided among three London boroughs: Haringey in the north and east, Camden in the south and west, and Islington in the south and east. It lies at the north-eastern corner of Hampstead Heath, 4.5 mi (7 km) north-north-west of Charing Cross.

Highgate is one of the most expensive London suburbs in which to live. It has three conservation organisations: the Highgate Society, the Highgate Neighbourhood Forum and the Highgate Conservation Area Advisory Committee, to protect and enhance its character and amenities.
Lebogang Phiri
Lebogang Lelani Phiri (born 9 November 1994) is a South African professional footballer. Phiri is capable of playing in several midfield positions, but is usually deployed by his club and national sides as a central midfielder, in the role of a deep-lying playmaker.

COSAFA Cup
The COSAFA Cup (known fully as COSAFA Senior Challenge Cup) is an annual tournament for teams from Southern Africa organized by Council of Southern Africa Football Associations (COSAFA), inaugurated after the ban against the Republic of South Africa had been lifted and the Africa Cup of Nations had been staged there in 1996.
Rödeby
Rödeby is a locality situated in Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with 3,402 inhabitants as of 2010. It is located about 12 kilometers north of Karlskrona.

Notable things found in Rödeby are Rödeby kyrka, Rödebyskolan ("The Rödeby School") and the local football team Rödeby AIF. One of the municipality's three water towers is also located there.

Karlskrona
Karlskrona (UK: /ˈkɑːrlskroʊnə/, US: /kɑːrlzˈkruːnə/, Swedish: [kaɭsˈkrûːna] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with a population of 66,675 in 2018. It is also the capital of Blekinge County. Karlskrona is known as Sweden's only baroque city and is host to Sweden's largest naval base and the headquarters of the Swedish Coast Guard.

Historically, the city has been home to a German minority, thus enabling the formation of a German Congregational church. It also counted Jewish people in its population.

In 1998, parts of the city, including the Karlskrona Naval Base, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
LNWR 18in Goods Class
The LNWR 18-inch Goods was a class of 310 0-6-0 type steam locomotives built by the London and North Western Railway at their Crewe Works between 1880 and 1902.

They were also known officially as the  Express Goods 5 ft 0in, and unofficially as the Crested Goods or Cauliflower Class, due to the application of the large LNWR crest on the middle splasher in the original livery.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Annette Van Zyl
Annette Van Zyl (born 25 September 1943), also known by her married name as Annette du Plooy, is a South African former tennis player. She was ranked in the top ten female players during the mid-1960s, and in 1966 she won the French Open Mixed Doubles title with Frew McMillan, defeating Ann Haydon-Jones and Clark Graebner in three sets.

Clark Graebner
Clark Edward Graebner (born November 4, 1943) is an American former professional tennis player.

He was four times a world top ten ranked player each year from 1966 to 1969, reaching world No. 3 in 1967 and world No. 7 the following year. He was ranked eight times in the top ten U.S. players by the USTA, reaching U.S. No. 2 in 1968 behind Arthur Ashe, and U.S. No. 3 in 1966 and 1971.

Graebner won three U.S. national titles, the U.S. Clay Court in 1968, the U.S. Hard Court in 1969, and the U.S. Indoor in 1971. He was a member of the U.S. Davis Cup team which won the Davis Cup in five straight years from 1968 to 1972.

He won a Grand Slam doubles title at the 1966 French Championships at Roland Garros with doubles partner Dennis Ralston.
2016–17 Rugby Europe Conference
The 2016–17 Rugby Europe Conference is the third-level rugby union competition below the premier Championship and Trophy competitions. It is the inaugural Conference under its new format, that will see Andorra, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta and Sweden compete for the Conference 1 title. While Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey will compete for the Conference 2 title.

The winners of Conference 1 North and South will play an additional match, a promotion play-off to the Trophy competition for the 2017–18 season. While the bottom placed teams of Conference 1 North and South will be relegated to Conference 2 for the following season, replacing the North and South winners of Conference 2. The team with the worst record in an aggregated Conference 2 table, will be relegated to the Development league for the following season.

2016–17 Rugby Europe Trophy
The 2016–17 Rugby Europe Trophy is the second-level rugby union competition below the premier Championship. It is the inaugural Trophy competition under its new format, that will see Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland and Ukraine compete for the title, and a place in the Championship-Trophy promotion play-off.

This years competition sees Portugal drop down out of the top six, outside the Rugby Europe Championship, replacing Belgium who earned Promotion to the Championship for 2017.
WSPR (AM)
WSPR (1490 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to West Springfield, Massachusetts, and serving the Springfield metropolitan area.  The station is owned by John Fuller, through licensee Red Wolf Broadcasting Corporation. It airs a Spanish contemporary hit radio and tropical music radio format known as Bomba FM.

WSPR programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator station 104.5 W283CK, West Springfield.  Much of the programming originates on the HD2 channel of WMRQ-FM in Hartford, Connecticut, which also feeds a network of FM translator stations around Connecticut.

West Springfield, Massachusetts
West Springfield is a city in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The population was 28,835 at the 2020 United States Census. The city is also known as "West Side", in reference to the fact that it is on the western side of the Connecticut River from Springfield, a fact which played a major part in the town's early history.
Mount Kami (Okayama)
Mount Kami (神山, Kami-yama) is a mountain in Higashi-ku, Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It the most sacred mountain of the Honbushin religion.

The mountain overlooks the fishing port village of Kugui (久々井 or 久久井) to the southeast.

Okayama
Okayama (岡山市, Okayama-shi; Japanese: [okaꜜjama]) is the capital city of Okayama Prefecture in the Chūgoku region of Japan. The Okayama metropolitan area, centered around the city, has the largest urban employment zone in the Chugoku region of western Japan. The city was founded on June 1, 1889. As of February 2023, the city has an estimated population of 700,940 and a population density of 890 people per km2. The total area is 789.95 square kilometres (305.00 square miles).

The city is the site of Kōraku-en, known as one of the top three traditional gardens in Japan, and Okayama Castle, which is ranked among the best 100 Japanese castles. The city is famous as the setting of the Japanese fable Momotarō. Okayama joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
2024 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 2024 Holy Cross Crusaders football team represented the College of the Holy Cross as a member of the Patriot League during the 2024 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Crusaders were led by first-year head coach Dan Curran and played their home games at Fitton Field in Worcester, Massachusetts.

Fitton Field
Fitton Field is a football stadium in Worcester, Massachusetts, primarily used for College of the Holy Cross sporting events. The stadium opened in 1908 as the official home for the Holy Cross Crusaders football team. Before that, most games were played on the adjoining baseball field. The stadium has a capacity of 23,500.

Named after Reverend James Fitton, who donated land to the Archdiocese of Boston to found the college, it is an irregularly shaped three-sided horseshoe on the edge of the college's campus. The northern football stands are shorter than the southern due to Interstate 290 being adjacent to the field.
Jaga Jakarta (Transjakarta)
Jaga Jakarta (lit. 'Take care of Jakarta', formerly Senen Sentral) is a Transjakarta bus rapid transit station located below the Gunung Sahari overpass at the Senen intersection in Jakarta, Indonesia. The station serves Corridor 5, stretching from north to south, and is connected by a transfer linkway to Senen Toyota Rangga station that serves Corridors 2 and 14. It is located adjacent with the Senen market on the east.

Transjakarta Corridor 5
Transjakarta Corridor 5 is a bus rapid transit corridor in Jakarta, Indonesia, operated by Transjakarta. The corridor connects Ancol Dreamland in North Jakarta with the Kampung Melayu Bus Terminal in Jatinegara, East Jakarta.

The route goes through Gunung Sahari, Pasar Senen, Kramat Raya, Salemba Raya, Matraman Raya, Jatinegara Barat, and Jatinegara Timur Streets. The stretch between Pademangan and Jatinegara BRT stations runs parallel to the Cikarang Loop Line of the KRL Commuterline; with two BRT stations, Matraman Baru and Bali Mester, being directly linked to the Matraman and Jatinegara railway stations.
Choi Sung-kuk
Choi Sung-kuk  (born 8 February 1983) is a former South Korean footballer who played as a second striker. He was banned by FIFA from all football-related activities because of his involvement in match fixing.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates
The Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates (PAHRA) is a non-profit, national human rights organization in the Philippines, Manila. PAHRA is an alliance of individuals, institutions and organizations committed to the promotion, protection and realization of human rights on the national and international level. The organization's task is to promote and defend human rights, prevent Human Rights violations and abuses by. Its main work is to build up a network on progressive human rights organization on national level as well as in the international level. The organization primarily campaigns for civil and political rights; economic, social and cultural rights; human rights defenders.

It was founded in 1986 as a result of the President Ferdinand Marcos' administration under martial law. Task Force Detainees of the Philippines and other human rights organizations established PAHRA.

Task Force Detainees of the Philippines
The Task Force Detainees of the Philippines (TFDP) is a non-profit, national human rights organization based in Manila, Philippines. It documents human rights violations, assists victims and their families, organizes missions, conducts human rights education work, campaigns against torture, and promotes advocacy for Human Rights Defenders and Environmental movement. It joined a large coalition called the JAJA or Justice for Aquino, Justice for All in 1983.
Sungai Ara
Sungai Ara is a residential neighbourhood within the city of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. Located 11.9 km (7.4 mi) south of the city centre, it lies between Relau, Bayan Baru and Bayan Lepas.

Relau
Relau is a suburb of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. It is located 9.9 km (6.2 mi) southwest of the city centre, between Paya Terubong to the north, Bayan Lepas to the east and Balik Pulau to the west.
Outline of Michigan
The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Michigan:

Michigan is located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America, comprising two separate peninsulas.

Purple Gang
The Purple Gang, also known as the Sugar House Gang, was a criminal mob of bootleggers and hijackers composed predominantly of Jewish gangsters. They operated in Detroit, Michigan, during the 1920s of the Prohibition era and came to be Detroit's dominant criminal gang. Excessive violence and infighting caused the gang to destroy itself in the 1930s.
Tommi Korpela
Tommi Petteri Korpela (born 23 August 1968) is a Finnish actor. He has won the Jussi Award for Best Actor three times, a feat accomplished by only two other Finnish actors before him: Lasse Pöysti and Tauno Palo. He is a member of the comedy group Julmahuvi.

Tauno Palo
Tauno Valdemar Palo (born Tauno Brännäs; 25 October 1908 – 24 May 1982) was a Finnish actor and singer in what some consider the golden age of Finnish cinema.

Film historian Peter von Bagh described Palo as one of the most prominent and influential actors in Finnish cinema, noting his ability to combine light, youthful roles with more dramatic performances, particularly in the theatre.

His most famous roles were perhaps in Kulkurin valssi ("The Vagabond's Waltz"), and Vaimoke ("Surrogate Wife"). He appeared with actress/singer Birgit Kronström in the 1941 romantic comedy "Onnellinen ministeri" ("The Lucky Cabinet Minister"), which included the famous song "Katupoikien laulu", remade by other Finnish pop singers including Katri Helena.
Bound for Glory (2007)
The 2007 Bound for Glory was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), which took place on October 14, 2007, at the Arena at Gwinnett Center in the Atlanta suburb of Duluth, Georgia. It was the third event under the Bound for Glory chronology. Nine professional wrestling matches were featured on the event's card.

Battle royal (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a battle royal (sometimes battle royale), is a multi-competitor match type in which wrestlers are eliminated until one is left and declared the winner. Typical battle royals begin with a number of participants in the ring, who are then eliminated by going over the top rope and having both feet touch the venue floor.
Beattie well tanks
The Beattie well tanks were a series of 111 steam locomotives of seven different designs produced for the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) between 1852 and 1875. All carried the water supply in well tanks, set low down between the frames. All had six wheels; the first three designs were of the 2-2-2WT wheel arrangement, the last four being 2-4-0WT. Most were designed by Joseph Hamilton Beattie, the LSWR Mechanical Engineer, but the last few locomotives built to the seventh design incorporated modifications made by his son and successor, William George Beattie. Most were intended for the LSWR's suburban services, but were later used elsewhere on the LSWR system before withdrawal. Apart from three locomotives which lasted until 1962, withdrawal occurred between 1871 and 1899.

Nine Elms Locomotive Works
Nine Elms Locomotive Works were built in 1839 by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) adjoining their passenger terminus near the Vauxhall end of Nine Elms Lane, in the district of Nine Elms in the London Borough of Battersea. They were rebuilt in 1841 and remained the principal locomotive carriage and wagon workshops of the railway until closure in stages between 1891 and 1909. Thereafter a large steam motive power depot remained open on the site until 1967, serving Waterloo railway station.
Ang Mo Kio Public Library
1°22′29.17″N 103°50′43.56″E﻿ / ﻿1.3747694°N 103.8454333°E﻿ / 1.3747694; 103.8454333

Ang Mo Kio Public Library (Simplified Chinese: 宏茂桥社区图书馆) is one of the 26 public libraries established by the National Library Board of Singapore.

Located along Ang Mo Kio Avenue 6 within walking distance of Yio Chu Kang MRT station, it serves the residents of the surrounding Ang Mo Kio GRC. As a standalone two-storey building, the library is a prominent landmark in central Ang Mo Kio.

Yio Chu Kang MRT station
Yio Chu Kang MRT station is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North–South Line in Ang Mo Kio, Singapore, near the junction of Ang Mo Kio Avenue 6 and Ang Mo Kio Avenue 8.

This station primarily serves students of adjacent educational institutions such as Anderson Serangoon Junior College and Nanyang Polytechnic, as well as the residential and industrial estates in the northern part of Ang Mo Kio.

The section of tracks between this station and Khatib MRT station is the longest between any two stations on the MRT network. Opened on 7 November 1987, Yio Chu Kang station is one of the five stations that collectively make up Singapore's oldest MRT stations.
Stalybridge Mill, Stalybridge
Stalybridge Mill, Stalybridge is a cotton spinning mill in Stalybridge, Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. It was built in 1868, and the engine reconfigured in around 1925. It was taken over by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in the 1930s and passed to Courtaulds in 1964.

Stalybridge
Stalybridge (/ˌsteɪliˈbrɪdʒ/) is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 26,830.

Historically divided between Cheshire and Lancashire, it is 8 miles (12.9 km) east of Manchester and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of Glossop.

When a water-powered cotton mill was constructed in 1776, Stalybridge became one of the first centres of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution. The wealth created in the 19th century from the factory-based cotton industry transformed an area of scattered farms and homesteads into a self-confident town.
1877 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1877, Republican Monroe Heath was reelected, defeating Democrat Perry H. Smith by a more than twenty point margin.

On April 23, 1875, Chicago had voted to operate under the Cities and Villages Act of 1872. This moved its mayoral elections from November to April. The 1877 election was the first Chicago mayoral election to be scheduled in accordance with this change (the disputed April 1876 election was nullified because it had not been officially scheduled). As a result, the election took place on April 3.

Mayoral elections in Chicago
Chicago has held regularly scheduled popular elections to select the city's mayor ever since it was incorporated as a city in 1837.

Chicago currently holds regularly scheduled mayoral elections once every four years, in years prior to a presidential election.

Beginning with its 1999 mayoral election, Chicago has used a nonpartisan two-round system. Under this system, if no candidate secures an outright majority of the first-round vote a runoff will be held between the top-two finishers. No runoff is held if a candidate has secured an outright majority in the first round. Thus far, three elections (2015, 2019, 2023) have necessitated a runoff.

Up through its 1995 mayoral election, Chicago had formerly utilized partisan plurality voting.
Aspergillus pseudotamarii
Aspergillus pseudotamarii is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Flavi section. The species was first described in 2001. It has been shown to produce aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, cyclopiazonic acid, and kojic acid.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Greenwich Millennium Village
Greenwich Millennium Village (GMV) is a mixed-tenure modern development on an urban village model located on the Greenwich Peninsula in Greenwich, in south-east London, and part of the Millennium Communities Programme under English Partnerships (now renamed Homes and Communities Agency). The village is designed by architects Ralph Erskine and partners with EPR Architects Ltd as executive architect as part of the regeneration of the whole brownfield site of East Greenwich Gas Works. GMV is south of the former Millennium Dome, now renamed the O2.

North Greenwich tube station
North Greenwich is a London Underground station at the northernmost tip of the Royal Borough of Greenwich. It is on the Jubilee line, between Canary Wharf and Canning Town stations. It is in both London fare zone 2 and zone 3.

The station opened on 14 May 1999. It is adjacent to The O2 (originally the Millennium Dome) at the northern end of the Greenwich Peninsula, on the south bank of the Thames, and is the easternmost below-ground station on the line.