hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Synthetic fuel
Synthetic fuel or synfuel is a liquid fuel, or sometimes gaseous fuel, obtained from syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in which the syngas was derived from gasification of solid feedstocks such as coal or biomass or by reforming of natural gas.

Common ways for refining synthetic fuels include the Fischer–Tropsch conversion, methanol to gasoline conversion, or direct coal liquefaction.

Sasol
Sasol Limited, commonly referred to as Sasol, is an integrated energy and chemical company based in Sandton, South Africa.

The company was formed in 1950 in Sasolburg, South Africa, and built around coal liquefaction processes that German chemists and engineers first developed in the early 1900s. Today, Sasol develops and commercializes technologies, including synthetic fuel technologies, and produces different liquid fuels, chemicals, coal tar, and electricity.

Sasol is listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE: SOL) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: SSL). Major shareholders include the South African Government Employees Pension Fund, Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited (IDC), Allan Gray Investment Counsel, Coronation Fund Managers, Ninety One, and others.

Sasol employs over 27,000 people worldwide and has operations in 33 countries. It is the largest corporate taxpayer in South Africa, and the seventh-largest coal mining company in the world.
Langley, Essex
For the historic house in Essex called Langley's, see Great Waltham.

Langley is a village and civil parish near Clavering in the English county of Essex, seven miles west-south-west of Saffron Walden. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 376.

Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden is a market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England, 12 miles (19 km) north of Bishop's Stortford, 15 miles (24 km) south of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of London. It retains a rural appearance and some buildings of the medieval period. As well as the town itself, the parish also includes Little Walden and Audley End. At the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 16,610, and the parish had a population of 17,022.
Second Battle of Tarain
The Second Battle of Tarain or Second Battle of Tararoi was fought in 1192 between the Ghurid forces of Muhammad Ghuri and the Rajput Confederacy of Prithviraj Chauhan. It took place near Tarain (modern Taraori), which is 110 kilometres (68 mi), north of Delhi. The battle ended in a decisive victory for the invading Ghurids and their successful penetration into the north Indian plain.

The battle is regarded as a watershed event in Medieval India history as it led to the destruction of Rajput powers for a while and laid the foundation of Muslim rule in North India, which led to the establishment of Delhi Sultanate.

Minhaj-i Siraj Juzjani
Minhaj-al-Din Abu Amr Othman ibn Siraj-al-Din Muhammad Juzjani (born 1193), simply known as Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani, was a 13th-century Persian historian born in the region of Ghur.

In 1227, Juzjani immigrated to Ucch and, thereafter, to Delhi. The principal historian of the Mamluk Sultanate of Delhi in northern India, Juzjani wrote of the Ghurid dynasty as well. He wrote the Tabaqat-i Nasiri (1260 CE) for Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah of Delhi. He died after 1266.
Charges and Specs
"Charges and Specs" is the twenty-second episode and season finale of the first season of the American television police sitcom series Brooklyn Nine-Nine. The episode, written by Gabe Liedman & Gil Ozeri and directed by Akiva Schaffer, aired on Fox in the United States on March 25, 2014.

In the episode, Jake investigates a civic leader who may have affiliations to drug trafficking, but is told by the Deputy Commissioner to drop the case. When he is caught investigating, he is in danger of being expelled from the police. Meanwhile, Boyle is still depressed after the cancellation of his wedding with Vivian. The episode was seen by an estimated 2.59 million household viewers and gained a 1.3/4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received acclaim from critics, who praised the cast, the writing and the directing, citing it as a satisfying conclusion to the season.

Brooklyn Nine-Nine season 1
The first season of the television sitcom Brooklyn Nine-Nine premiered September 17, 2013 on Fox and concluded March 25, 2014 with 22 episodes. The season stars Andy Samberg as childish but skilled detective Jake Peralta.
Hiromine Shrine
Hiromine Shrine (広峯神社) is a Shinto shrine located in Himeji. It is one of the three main shrines of the Gion cult alongside Yasaka Shrine, and Tsushima Shrine.: 123  Until the Muromachi period the shrine was perceived as highly prestigious, on par with Kumano Taisha, but little remains of its past glory.: 124–125  In contrast to other shrines of the Gion cult the shrine is associated with agriculture.

It has branch shrines such as one in Obama, Fukui. and many others.

Kumano Taisha
Kumano Taisha (熊野大社, Kumano-taisha) is a Shinto shrine located in Matsue, Shimane Prefecture. The shrine is dedicated to the god Kaburogi-kumano-okami Kushi-mike-no-mikoto (伊邪那伎日真名子加夫呂伎熊野大神櫛御気野命, "Beloved Child of Izanagi, Divine Ancestor [and] Great Deity of Kumano, Kushimikenu-no-Mikoto'), which is identified with Susanoo-no-Mikoto.

The Kumano Taisha is considered one of the most sacred ichinomiyas in the Izumo Province, along with the  Izumo Grand Shrine. It is not to be confused with the Kumano Sanzan shrine complex in Wakayama Prefecture. It is significant in Japanese culture as the origin of fire in Japan. The shrine is also considered in myth to be where the use of fire originated; two ancient fire-making tools, a hand drill (燧杵 hikiri-kine) and a hearthboard (燧臼 hikiri-usu) are kept in the shrine and used in the shrine's Sankasai Fire Festival (鑚火祭 Kiribi-matsuri or Sanka-sai) held every October.
Thugs with Dirty Mugs
Thugs with Dirty Mugs is a 1939 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon directed by Tex Avery. The short was released on May 6, 1939.

The title is derived from the Warner Bros. 1938 acclaimed feature film Angels with Dirty Faces. It is similar to Avery's later MGM crime/detective-oriented cartoon Who Killed Who?

Who Killed Who?
Who Killed Who? is a 1943 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film noir animated short directed by Tex Avery. The cartoon is a parody of whodunit stories and employs many clichés of the genre for humor; for example, the score is performed not by the MGM orchestra but by a solo organ, imitating the style of many radio dramas of the era.
Vladimir Demikhov
Vladimir Petrovich Demikhov (Russian: Владимир Петрович Демихов; 31 July 1916 – 22 November 1998) was a Soviet Russian scientist and organ transplantation pioneer, who performed several transplants in the 1940s and 1950s, including the transplantation of a heart into an animal and a heart–lung replacement in an animal. He is also well known for his dog head transplants, which he conducted during the 1950s, resulting in two-headed dogs. This ultimately led to the head transplants in monkeys by Robert White, who was inspired by Demikhov's work.

Heart transplantation
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplant, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure when other medical or surgical treatments have failed. As of 2018, the most common procedure is to take a functioning heart from a recently deceased organ donor (brain death is the most common) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart is either removed and replaced with the donor heart (orthotopic procedure) or, much less commonly, the recipient's diseased heart is left in place to support the donor heart (heterotopic, or "piggyback", transplant procedure).

Approximately 5,000 heart transplants are performed each year worldwide, more than half of which are in the US. Post-operative survival periods average 15 years. Heart transplantation is not considered to be a cure for heart disease; rather it is a life-saving treatment intended to improve the quality and duration of life for a recipient.
Rubus rosa
Rubus rosa, commonly known as rose blackberry, is a North American species of highbush blackberry in Section Alleghenienses of the genus Rubus, a member of the rose family. It grows in the eastern and central United States (from Maine south to North Carolina and west as far as Minnesota and Nebraska), as well as eastern Canada (Québec).

Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus Rubus, and hybrids between the subgenera Rubus and Idaeobatus. The taxonomy of blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.

Blackberry fruit production is abundant with annual volumes of 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) per 1 acre (0.40 ha) possible, making this plant commercially attractive.

Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan or Armenian blackberry) is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in many regions of the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, where it grows out of control in urban and suburban parks and woodlands.
1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The 1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 10th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Porto and Vitória de Guimarães of the Primeira Liga. Porto qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1987–88 Primeira Divisão and the 1987–88 Taça de Portugal, whilst Vitória de Guimarães qualified for the Supertaça by being the cup-runner.

The first leg which took place at the Estádio D. Afonso Henriques, saw Vitória de Guimarães defeat Porto 2–0. The second leg which took place at the Estádio das Antas saw a 0–0 scoreline (2–0 on aggregate), which claimed the Vimaranenses a first Supertaça.

Estádio D. Afonso Henriques
The Estádio D. Afonso Henriques (English: D. Afonso Henriques Stadium) is a football stadium in the city of Guimarães, Portugal. The stadium is home of Guimarães's most successful team, Vitória de Guimarães, presently competing in the top-flight Portuguese Liga.

The stadium, formerly known as Estádio Municipal de Guimarães, was built in 1965 and was renovated and expanded in 2003 for the UEFA Euro 2004 tournament by architect Eduardo Guimarães for €34.252 million. Estádio D. Afonso Henriques has a capacity of 30,029 and it is named after the first King of Portugal—and also a Guimarães native—Afonso Henriques.
Mahoor Alvand
Mahoor Alvand (Persian: ماهور الوند; born July 13, 1994) is an Iranian actress known for her work in film, television, and theater. She gained prominence for her roles in films such as Daughter (2016), directed by Reza Mirkarimi, and the television series Innocent (2021), directed by Mehran Ahmadi. A graduate of the Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Tehran with a degree in theater, Alvand has established herself as a versatile performer in Iranian cinema.

She is the daughter of Sirous Alvand, a renowned Iranian filmmaker, and the niece of Khashayar Alvand, a celebrated screenwriter.

Hamid Samandarian
Hamid Samandarian (Persian: حمید سمندریان; May 6, 1931 – July 12, 2012) was an Iranian film and theater director and translator. He staged numerous dramas including No Exit by Jean-Paul Sartre, Ghosts by Henrik Ibsen, The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams and Marriage of Mr. Mississippi by Friedrich Durrenmatt.

Having established many acting and directing classes and workshops, Samandarian trained many Iranian actors and directors including; Ezzatolah Entezami, Reza Kianian, Golab Adineh, Mehdi Hashemi, Shahab Hosseini, Hojjat Baqaee, Parviz Poorhosseini, Ahmad Aghalou, etc. He married Homa Rousta, an Iranian film and theater actress.
John S. Boskovich
John S. Boskovich (December 8, 1956 – September 24, 2006) was an artist, writer, filmmaker, and teacher. He is most known for his found art and installation work, his most notable piece being Electric Fan (Feel It Motherfuckers).

Rosamund Felsen Gallery
The Rosamund Felsen Gallery is one of the longest-running art galleries in Los Angeles, California, involved in and influencing the broader American art community since its establishment in 1978. The gallery has operated four locations since its inception: first on La Cienega Boulevard in Los Angeles, then on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, later at Bergamot Station in Santa Monica, and finally in the Arts District, Los Angeles in Downtown Los Angeles.
Pakenham East
Pakenham East is a proposed suburb of the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area situated south-east of Melbourne City. It will be located in the Shire of Cardinia local government area. It is planned to be named Honora Fields, pending approval by the Geographic Names Victoria.

Pakenham, Victoria
Pakenham (/ˈpækənəm/ ⓘ PACK-kən-əm)  is a suburb of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, 53 km (33 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District and the most populous in the Shire of Cardinia. Pakenham recorded a population of 54,118 at the 2021 census.

Pakenham has become a major growth area in south-eastern Melbourne as new housing developments have boosted its population and infrastructure, as exemplified in the development of the Lakeside, Heritage Springs and Cardinia Lakes estates.
Afaqi Khoja revolts
In 1759, the Qing dynasty of China defeated the Dzungar Khanate and completed the conquest of Dzungaria. Concurrent with this conquest, the Qing occupied the Altishahr region in modern southern Xinjiang, which had been settled by Muslims who followed the political and religious leadership of Afaq Khoja.

After the Qing conquest, the Chinese began to incorporate Altishahr and the Tarim Basin into their empire. The territory along with Dzungaria came to be known as Xinjiang. Although the followers of Afaq Khoja known as the Āfāqī Khojas resisted Qing rule, their rebellion was put down and the khojas were removed from power.

Beginning at that time and lasting for approximately one hundred years, the Āfāqī Khojas waged numerous military campaigns in an effort to retake Altishahr from the Qing.

Afaq Khoja
Afaq Khoja (Uyghur: ئاپاق خوجا), born Hidayat Allah (Uyghur: هدایت‌الله;, also known as Apaq Xoja or more properly Āfāq Khwāja (Persian: آفاق خواجه), was a Naqshbandi īshān and political leader with the title of Khwaja in Kashgaria (in present-day Southern Xinjiang, China). He was also known as Khwāja Hidāyat Allāh (خواجه هدایت‌الله).
Botusfleming
Botus Fleming or Botusfleming (Cornish: Bosflumyes) is a village and civil parish in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The parish population was 766 at the 2021 census. The village is about three miles north-west of Saltash at grid reference SX 403 612. There is a public house (the Rising Sun), a market garden and a small colony of artists, but the village is mostly a dormitory area for Plymouth.

Saltash
Saltash (Cornish: Essa) is a town and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England. Saltash faces the city of Plymouth over the River Tamar and is popularly known as "the Gateway to Cornwall". Saltash’s landmarks include the Tamar Bridge which connects Plymouth to Cornwall by road, and the Royal Albert Bridge. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 16,288 and the population of the built up area was 15,435.
William St James Wheelhouse
William St James Wheelhouse (1821 – 8 March 1886) was a British barrister and Conservative Party politician.

The son of James Wheelhouse of Snaith, he was called to the bar at Gray's Inn in May 1844, and practised on the Northern Circuit.

He was elected at the 1868 general election as one of the three Members of Parliament (MPs) for Leeds, and was re-elected in 1874. He was defeated at the 1880 general election by his fellow-Conservative William Jackson, and was unsuccessful when he stood again at the 1885 general election in the new single-seat Western division of Leeds.

Leeds (UK Parliament constituency)
Leeds was a parliamentary borough covering the town of Leeds, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1885.

The borough returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1868, and then three MPs from 1868 until the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 split the borough into five divisions at the 1885 general election.
Running (Evermore song)
"Running" is the lead single from New Zealand alternative rock band Evermore's second studio album, Real Life (2006). The song was written by drummer Dann Hume and co-produced by lead vocalist Jon Hume with John Alagía. "Running" was issued on 5 June 2006, a month ahead of the album. The track subsequently peaked at No. 4 on New Zealand's RIANZ Singles Chart and No. 5 on Australia's ARIA Singles Chart.

Peter Hume (musician)
Peter Elisha Hume (born Peter Elisha Cobbe, 4 September 1985) is a New Zealand singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and art director; originally from Whangaparāoa. Hume is the middle of three brothers (with Jon and Dann) who formed the band Evermore. Hume has contributed to songs for Evermore and also sung lead vocals on some of the band's album tracks. In 2008, Hume was shortlisted for the Cleo Bachelor of the Year award.
Argyrodes miniaceus
Argyrodes miniaceus is a species of kleptoparasitic spider in the family Theridiidae. Originally described as Theridion miniaceum by Doleschall in 1857, it was transferred to the genus Argyrodes by Thorell in 1878.

Theridion
Theridion is a genus of tangle-web spiders with a worldwide distribution. Notable species are the Hawaiian happy face spider (T. grallator), named for the iconic symbol on its abdomen, and T. nigroannulatum, one of few spider species that lives in social groups, attacking prey en masse to overwhelm them as a team.
56th Infantry Division "Casale"
The 56th Infantry Division "Casale" (Italian: 56ª Divisione di fanteria "Casale") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Casale was activated on 15 June 1939 in Forlì and named for the city of Casale Monferrato and recruited most its men from the Romagna region. The division was sent to Greece as occupation and force. There the division was disbanded by invading German forces in the Aetolia-Acarnania region of Greece after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943.

Regimental depot
The regimental depot of a regiment is its home base for recruiting and training. It is also where soldiers and officers awaiting discharge or postings are based and where injured soldiers return to full fitness after discharge from hospital before returning to full duty. Normally, a variety of regimental stores will also be kept at the depot. The regimental depot is not the same as the regimental headquarters (where the main officers' mess and certain central functions are based), though in practice the two will often be co-located.
Houtland (France)
The Houtland (Flemish: [ˈɦʌutlɑnt] ⓘ, French: [utlɑ̃d]; Flemish for "Woodland") is a region in French Flanders which is a part of the French Westhoek, in the Nord department of France. In the region, like the rest of French Flanders, French Flemish is historically spoken but in decline.

In contrast to the name, a lot of the region is used for agricultural purposes.

The highest hill is Kasselberg (French: Mont Cassel), on which Cassel is located, with a height of 176 meter.

French Flanders
French Flanders is a historical and cultural region of France. It was historically part of the historical County of Flanders, now Flanders in Belgium where Flemish—a Low Franconian dialect cluster of Dutch—was (and to some extent, still is) traditionally spoken along with Roman Flemish, typically referred to as a French dialect (also called Ch’ti or, most commonly, Picard). The region lies in the modern-day northern French region of Hauts-de-France, and roughly corresponds to the arrondissements of Lille, Douai and Dunkirk on the northern border with Belgium. Together, with French Hainaut and Cambrésis, it makes up the French Department of Nord.
Plexaurella
Plexaurella is a genus of gorgonian-type octocorals in the family Plexauridae. Species of the genus are typically characterised by their slit-pores, however, there are some which lack this distinguishing feature (e.g. P. grisea). Sclerite examination is necessary for species identification, which reveals the characteristic 4-rayed 'butterfly' spicules of the cortex and the lack of purple sclerites in the axial sheath.

Plexauridae
Plexauridae is a family of marine colonial octocorals in the phylum Cnidaria. Members of this family are found in shallow tropical and subtropical seas. Many species contain symbiotic photosynthetic protists called zooxanthellae.
Old Hendry County Courthouse
The Old Hendry County Courthouse (constructed in 1926) is a historic courthouse in LaBelle, Florida, located at the corner of Bridge Street and Hickpochee Avenue. It was designed in the Mediterranean Revival-Mission Revival styles by architect Edward Columbus Hosford. On November 8, 1990, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Edward Columbus Hosford
Edward Columbus Hosford, also known as Edward C. Hosford and E. C.  Hosford, (April 24, 1883 – January 2, 1939) was an American architect noted for the  courthouses and other buildings that he  designed in Florida, Georgia and Texas.
Hood film
Hood film is a film genre originating in the United States, which features aspects of urban African American or Hispanic American culture. The genre is generally considered to have been popularized in the 1990s with films from noted directors such as John Singleton, Mario Van Peebles, F. Gary Gray, the Hughes Brothers, and Spike Lee. The genre has been identified as a sub-genre of the gangster film genre.

Gangster film
A gangster film or gangster movie is a film belonging to a genre that focuses on gangs and organized crime. It is a subgenre of crime film, that may involve large criminal organizations, or small gangs formed to perform certain illegal acts. The genre is differentiated from Westerns and the gangs of that genre.
Neighborhoods in Springfield, Massachusetts
The City of Springfield, Massachusetts, has 19 distinct neighborhoods. Many feature subdivisions known by other names, such as The X, Hungry Hill, and Mason Square. Springfield's neighborhoods fan out north, south, and east, from its original, colonial settlement in what is now Metro Center.

East Forest Park, Springfield, Massachusetts
East Forest Park is a neighborhood in the south-central part of Springfield, Massachusetts. The neighborhood borders East Longmeadow, Forest Park, and the Sixteen Acres neighborhood. It is a primarily residential middle-class neighborhood.