hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Hogan (hurler)
Michael Hogan (1968 – 10 November 2024) was an Irish hurler. At club level he played with Birr and was also a member of the Offaly senior hurling team.

Hogan had a successful career across various levels. An All-Ireland Club SHC-winner with Birr, he captained Offaly to their very first All-Ireland MHC title in 1986. Hogan later lined out with the senior team and was part of the National Hurling League-winning team in 1991.

Hogan died on 10 November 2024, at the age of 56.

1994–95 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 1994–95 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship ran from 14 August 1994 to 17 March 1995.

Sarsfields of Galway were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten by Athenry in the final of the 1994 Galway SHC. Naas of Kildare, St. Dominic's of Roscommon, Tullaroan of Kilkenny and Oulart-the Ballagh of Wexford made their first appearances in the championship.

The All-Ireland final, a replay, was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 2 April 1995, between Birr of Offaly and Dunloy of Antrim, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. Birr won the match by 3–13 to 2–03 to claim a first title.

Kilmallock's Paddy Kelly was the championship's top scorer with 1–26.
1998 NCAA Division I Women's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1998 NCAA Women's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested at the 17th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I women's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

This year's events were hosted at the University Aquatic Center at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Stanford topped the team standings, finishing 44 points ahead of Arizona. It was the Cardinal's record eighth national title and their sixth in seven seasons.

NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except 2020.

The meet is typically held on the second-to-last weekend (Thursday-Saturday) in March.

The swimming-portion of the meet takes place in a 25-yard pool, except in 2000 and 2004 which swam in a 25-meter course.

Stanford have been the most successful program, with 11 national titles.

Virginia are the reigning national champions, winning their fifth national title in 2025.
Secondary plot (kinetics)
In enzyme kinetics, a secondary plot uses the intercept or slope from several Lineweaver–Burk plots to find additional kinetic constants.

For example, when a set of v by [S] curves from an enzyme with a ping–pong mechanism (varying substrate A, fixed substrate B) are plotted in a Lineweaver–Burk plot, a set of parallel lines will be produced.

The following Michaelis–Menten equation relates the initial reaction rate v0 to the substrate concentrations [A] and [B]:

The y-intercept of this equation is equal to the following:

The y-intercept is determined at several different fixed concentrations of substrate B (and varying substrate A).  The y-intercept values are then plotted versus 1/[B] to determine the Michaelis constant for substrate B, , as shown in the Figure to the right.  The slope is equal to  divided by  and the intercept is equal to 1 over .

Lineweaver–Burk plot
In biochemistry, the Lineweaver–Burk plot (or double reciprocal plot) is a graphical representation of the Michaelis–Menten equation of enzyme kinetics, described by Hans Lineweaver and Dean Burk in 1934.

The double reciprocal plot distorts the error structure of the data, and is therefore not the most accurate tool for the determination of enzyme kinetic parameters. While the Lineweaver–Burk plot has historically been used for evaluation of the parameters, together with the alternative linear forms of the Michaelis–Menten equation such as the Hanes–Woolf plot or Eadie–Hofstee plot, all linearized forms of the Michaelis–Menten equation should be avoided to calculate the kinetic parameters. Properly weighted non-linear regression methods are significantly more accurate and have become generally accessible with the universal availability of desktop computers.
Baloki
Baloki is a village near Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 16.5 kilometres (10.3 mi) from Nakodar, 51 km (32 mi) from Kapurthala, 41.6 km (25.8 mi) from the district's headquarters, Jalandhar and 162 km (101 mi) from the state capital, Chandigarh. The village is administered by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of the village, as per Panchayati raj, a system of local self-government of villages in rural India.

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Tom Winslade
Thomas Simon Winslade (born 28 May 1990) is an English cricketer.  Winslade is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break.  He was born in Epsom, Surrey.

While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Winslade made his only first-class appearance for Loughborough MCCU against Kent in 2010. Opening the batting in this match, he scored a single run in Loughborough's first-innings, before being dismissed Simon Cook, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 17 by Joe Denly, with the match ending in a draw.

Simon Cook (English cricketer)
Simon James Cook (born 15 January 1977) is an English cricket administrator and former professional cricketer. A right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Middlesex and Kent County Cricket Clubs between 1999 and 2012. Cook batted right handed. Following his playing career he worked in a number of coaching roles including as head coach of the Hong Kong cricket team from 2015 to 2019 and was appointed director of cricket by Kent in 2023.

Cook was born in Oxford. His brother, Adam, has played Minor counties and List A cricket for Oxfordshire.
Namgye station
Namgye station is a railway station in Paegam county, Ryanggang province, North Korea, on the Paektusan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line of the Korean State Railway.

The station, along with the rest of the Hapsu-Paegam section, was opened by the Government Railways of Chosen(朝鮮総督府鉄道) on 1 August 1934.

On 9 October 2006 an underground nuclear test was conducted at P'unggye-ri in Kilju County, causing the closure of the line for 3-4 months.

Ore is the primary commodity shipped from this station.

Paegam Chongnyon station
Paegam Ch'ŏngnyŏn station is a railway station in Paegam-ŭp, Paegam county, Ryanggang province, North Korea, on the Paektusan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line of the Korean State Railway. The narrow-gauge Paengmu Line connects to the standard-gauge network here.
Feudal aid
Feudal aid is the legal term for one of the financial duties required of a feudal tenant or vassal to his lord. Variations on the feudal aid were collected in England, France, Germany and Italy during the Middle Ages, although the exact circumstances varied.

Lord
Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are entitled to courtesy titles. The collective "Lords" can refer to a group or body of peers.
2001 California's 32nd congressional district special election
A special general election was held on June 5, 2001, to elect a member of the United States House of Representatives from California's 32nd congressional district to replace Julian Dixon, who died on December 8, 2000, of a heart attack.

A special blanket primary was held on April 10, 2001, of which Democratic Ambassador Diane Watson won nearly a third of the vote in a field of sixteen candidates. She handily defeated her main challenger, Republican Noel Irwin Hentschel, in the special general election. Watson was redistricted to the 33rd district for the 2002 election, in which she was elected to a full term.

2002 United States House of Representatives elections in California
The United States House of Representatives elections in California, 2002 were elections for California's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred as part of the general election of the House of Representatives on November 5, 2002. California gained 1 seat because of Congressional apportionment following the 2000 census, which Republicans won. Democrats gained the open 39th district. In the 18th district, Democrat Gary Condit, under fire from the Chandra Levy scandal, lost in the primary to his former chief of staff, Dennis Cardoza.
Cameraria temblorensis
Cameraria temblorensis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from California, United States.

The length of the forewings is 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in).

The larvae feed on Quercus douglasii, Quercus dumosa, Quercus dumosa × engelmanii, Quercus engelmannii, Quercus turbinella and Quercus × alvordiana. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine is ovoid. The epidermis is opaque, yellow green. Mines normally cross the midrib and consume 30%-95% of the leaf surface. The mines are solitary and normally have two folds, although occasionally there are three. The folds are parallel or at slight angles.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Minimo
Minimo (from "Mini Mozilla") was a project to create a version of the Mozilla web browser for small devices like personal digital assistants and mobile phones.

The project aimed to make it easier for developers to embed parts of Mozilla into systems with limited system resources (for example, machines with low amounts of RAM).

Mobile browser
A mobile browser is a web browser designed for use on a mobile device such as a mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, or tablet. Mobile browsers are optimized to display web content most effectively on small screens on portable devices. Some mobile browsers, especially older versions, are designed to be small and efficient to accommodate the low memory capacity and low bandwidth of certain wireless handheld devices. Traditional smaller feature phones use stripped-down mobile web browsers; however, most current smartphones have full-fledged browsers that can handle the latest web technologies, such as CSS 3, JavaScript, and Ajax.

Websites designed to be usable in mobile browsers may be collectively referred to as the mobile web. Today, over 75% of websites are "mobile friendly", by detecting when a request comes from a mobile device and automatically creating a "mobile" version of the page, designed to fit the device's screen and be usable with a touch interface.
Oxhey Woods
Oxhey Woods is a 98 hectare Local Nature Reserve in South Oxhey in Hertfordshire, England. It is owned and managed by Three Rivers District Council.

It is mainly semi-natural woodland, and some areas date back to the last Ice Age, the Younger Dryas, 11,500 years ago. The range of habitats make it an important ecological site. Plants include bluebells, anemones and violets and the rare wild service tree.

Three Rivers District
Three Rivers is a local government district in south-west Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Rickmansworth. The district borders Hertsmere, Watford, St Albans, Dacorum, Buckinghamshire, and the London boroughs of Hillingdon and Harrow.
The Waldron
The Waldron Health Centre is a National Health Service (NHS) building next to New Cross railway station in Lewisham, South London, England. It was completed in phases, with the health centre finished in 2008 and final construction ending in 2010.

New Cross railway station
New Cross is an interchange station between the Windrush line of the London Overground and National Rail services operated by Southeastern, located in New Cross in south-east London. It is 4 miles 68 chains (7.8 km) down the line from London Charing Cross and is in London fare zone 2. It is a southern terminus of some Windrush line services from Dalston Junction.

There is an out-of-station interchange with New Cross Gate station, also situated on the Windrush line of the London Overground, located 620 metres (2,030 ft) walk away. To avoid confusion with those at New Cross Gate, the platforms at New Cross are lettered rather than numbered. Ticket barriers control access to all platforms.
Guericke (crater)
Guericke is the remnant of a lunar impact crater at the north part of the Mare Nubium. It is named after German scientist Otto von Guericke. To the north-northwest lies the large Fra Mauro crater, along with the co-joined craters Parry and Bonpland. To the east are the craters Kundt and Davy.

The surviving rim of Guericke has been worn, battered, and partly submerged by the basaltic lava that covers the floor. The wall is now little more than a circular series of ridges that join with rises that flow to the north, northwest, and south. The flooded crater remnant Guericke F is attached to the southwest exterior. The interior flood has a few small rises in the otherwise nearly flat surface. Two craters (Guericke D and H) mark the floor in the southwest quadrant.

Davy (crater)
Davy is a small lunar impact crater that is located on the eastern edge of the Mare Nubium. It was named after British physicist Humphry Davy. It overlies the lava-flooded remains of the satellite crater Davy Y to the east, a formation which contains a crater chain designated Catena Davy. To the southeast of Davy is the prominent crater Alphonsus.

The outer rim of Davy is low, and the interior has been partly resurfaced. The perimeter is somewhat polygonal in shape, especially in the western half, and the southeast rim has been overlain by Davy A. The latter is bowl-shaped with a notch in the northern rim. The interior of Davy lacks a central peak, although there are some low central mounds and the rim of Davy Y forms a low ridge leading from the northern outer rim.

Davy has a fractured floor, although the fractures are fairly subdued.

The crater was named in 1935 by the IAU after British physicist Humphry Davy.
Indonesian Air Force Academy
The Air Force Academy (Indonesian: Akademi Angkatan Udara or AAU) sometimes shortened as IDAFA, is a service academy of the Indonesian Air Force, the air force component of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Academy System or the AKABRI. Its campus is located in the Adisutjipto Air Force Base complex in Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta and trains men and women to become commissioned officers of the Indonesian Air Force. Of all the service academies in Indonesia, despite the AAU having been opened in November 1945 (and thus is the second oldest), it has roots dating back to 1921.

Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force
The Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force (Indonesian: Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Udara, abbreviated KSAU or KASAU) is the highest position in the Indonesian Air Force. The position is held by the four-star Marshal, appointed by and reporting directly to the Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Chief of Staff is assisted by Vice Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force, position is held by three-star Marshal.
Turtleford
Turtleford is a town in the Rural Municipality of Mervin No. 499, in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Turtleford is located on Highway 26 near the intersection / concurrency with Highway 3 and Highway 303. The nearest cities are North Battleford and Lloydminster. The Turtlelake River runs through Turtleford, and nearby are Brightsand Lake and Turtle Lake.

Turtleford has the Canada's largest turtle statue (more than eight feet tall), named Ernie. "Ernie the Turtle" is on Highway 26 near the south edge of town.

A small vulnerable songbird called Sprague's pipit has a breeding range in the northern Great Plains of North America, and amongst their breeding spots is Turtleford, Saskatchewan.

Brightsand Lake
Brightsand Lake is a lake in the Canadian Province of Saskatchewan. It is in the Rural Municipality of Mervin No. 499 in the west-central part of the province in the aspen parkland ecoregion. Brightsand Creek — located on the western side of the lake — is the outflow and it flows in a southerly direction into Turtlelake River, which is a tributary of the North Saskatchewan River. Turtle Lake is about 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi) to the east and the Meadow Lake Escarpment is to the north-east.

There are several communities and a regional park dotted around its shores. At the southern end of the lake is Crystal Bay-Sunset and Thunderchild Indian Reserve 115Z; along the eastern shore is Evergreen Beach, Mowrey Beach, and Lakeshore Estates subdivision; and Brightsand Lake Regional Park is at the northern end. Access to the lake is from Highways 795 and 796.
Mesobuthus zarudnyi
Mesobuthus zarudnyi, a scorpion species within the Buthidae family, was formally documented in Azerbaijan in 2022, its discovery was attributed to the region of the Absheron peninsula. This species is named in honor of Nikolai Zarudny (1859–1919), a distinguished Russian zoologist and explorer renowned for his extensive collection of scorpion specimens in Persia (modern-day Iran) from 1896 to 1904, which greatly contributed to the field of zoology.

Buthidae
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1300 species as of 2025. A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. New taxa are being described at a rate of several new species per year. They have a cosmopolitan distribution throughout tropical and subtropical environments worldwide. Together with four other families, the Buthidae make up the superfamily Buthoidea. The family was established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837.

Around 20 species of medically important (meaning potentially lethal to humans) scorpions are known, and all but one of these (Hemiscorpius lepturus) are members of the Buthidae. In dead specimens, the spine beneath the stinger, characteristic for this family, can be observed.
Skeatry
Skeatry (Irish: Scéatraigh, meaning 'spewing/trickling of water') is a townland in the north of County Monaghan in Ireland. It covers an area of about 62 acres, which is approximately 0.25 square kilometers. The townland of Sheskin borders it to the North-East. It is located about 11km away from Monaghan town.

Sheskin
Sheskin (Irish: An Seisceann), traditionally divided into Sheskinmor and Sheskinbeg, is a townland in the north of County Monaghan in Ireland. It is in the foothills of Sliabh Beagh. Sheskin is part of the civil parish of Tydavnet, situated about 3 miles from the village of Scotstown and about 8 miles from Monaghan town. Sheskin is straddled in the east by the River Blackwater and in the south by one of its tributaries, which converge at the south eastern corner of the townland.

Other townlands and places in Ireland have the same name, or similar derivatives. The name derives from the Irish Gaelic word for marsh, and refers to the significant area of blanket bog within the townland.
Hamburg Aviation
Hamburg Aviation, formerly the "Luftfahrtcluster Metropolregion Hamburg e.V." (Aviation Cluster Hamburg Metropolitan Region) is an association of aviation organizations in Hamburg, Germany. Its goal is to promote the aviation industry in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.

Hamburg Metropolitan Region
The Hamburg Metropolitan Region (German: Metropolregion Hamburg) is a metropolitan region centred around the city of Hamburg in northern Germany, consisting of eight districts (Landkreise) in the federal state of Lower Saxony, six districts (Kreise) in the state of Schleswig-Holstein and two districts in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern along with the city-state of Hamburg itself. It covers an area of roughly 26,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) and is home to more than 5.1 million inhabitants.
Yōji Ueda
Yōji Ueda (上田 燿司, Ueda Yōji; born August 7, 1971) is a Japanese voice actor formerly affiliated with Mausu Promotion and currently affiliated with Amuleto.  His name was Yōji Ueda (上田 陽司, Ueda Yōji) until April 1, 2008.

JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: All Star Battle
JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: All Star Battle is a fighting game developed by CyberConnect2 and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment for PlayStation 3. Based on Hirohiko Araki's long-running manga series JoJo' s Bizarre Adventure, the game allows players to compete against each other using 40 characters taken from the first eight story arcs, as well as one guest character from another manga also created by Araki. The game was released in Japan on August 29, 2013, and was released internationally in late April 2014.

A remaster featuring additional content, titled JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: All Star Battle R was released for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, and Microsoft Windows via Steam on September 2, 2022.
Wadi of the Maldives
Al-Sultan Wadi Kalaminjaa Siri Dhagatha Suvara Mahaa Radun (Dhivehi: އައްސުލޠާން ވަޑީ ކަލަމިންޖާ ސިރީ ދަގަތާ ސުވަރަ މަހާ ރަދުން) was the Sultan of the Maldives between 1214 and 1233. He was also one of the sons of Fathahiriyaa Maavaa Kilege (Dhivehi: ފަތަހިރިޔާ މާވާކިލެގެ). Sultan Wadi ascended the throne in 1214 after the death of his elder brother Sultan Dhihei. He was succeeded by his younger brother Valla Dio.

Dhihei of the Maldives
Al-Sultan Dhihei Kalaminjaa II Siri Dhagatha Abaarana Mahaaradhun (Dhivehi: އައްސުލްޠާން ދިހެއި ކަލަމިންޖާ ސިރީ ދަގަތާ އަބާރަނަ މަހާރަދުން) was the Sultan of the  Maldives from 1199 to 1214. He ascended the throne after the death of his elder brother Dhinei in 1199. He was the sixth sultan to ascend the throne of Maldives from the Lunar dynasty. He ruled for 15 years.
Treynor dealer model
The Treynor dealer model, developed by Jack L. Treynor in a 1987 CFA Institute publication "The Economics of the Dealer Function" describes the role of the broker-dealer in providing market liquidity through exchanges with a value-based transactor (VBT) for securities.

According to Treynor, both VBTs and security dealers can provide market liquidity while profiting from a bid–ask spread, but a VBT's value-based pricing spread, the ‘outside spread’ is much larger than the dealer's, ‘inside spread’ owing to differences in the two market makers’ motivations and risk tolerances due to disparities in available capital and desired length of time to hold a security.

Bid–ask spread
The bid–ask spread (also bid–offer or bid/ask and buy/sell in the case of a market maker) is the difference between the prices quoted (either by a single market maker or in a limit order book) for an immediate sale (ask) and an immediate purchase (bid) for stocks, futures contracts, options, or currency pairs in some auction scenario. The size of the bid–ask spread in a security is one measure of the liquidity of the market and of the size of the transaction cost. If the spread is 0 then it is a frictionless asset.