hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tugarinovia
Tugarinovia is a genus of East Asian flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

There is only one known species, Tugarinovia mongolica, native to (Outer) Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.

varieties

Tugarinovia mongolica var. mongolica

Tugarinovia mongolica var. ovatifolia Ling & Ma

Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae.  Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are Carduus, Cynara (containing the widely eaten artichoke), Cirsium, and Onopordum.

They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs.  Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.
Gymnastics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around
The men's team event was part of the gymnastics programme at the 1928 Summer Olympics. It was one of seven gymnastics events for men and was the sixth Olympic men's team gymnastic championship.  Each national team dropped its two lowest scores on each apparatus to calculate the country's score for that apparatus; the five apparatus scores were then summed along with a team drill score to give a team total.

Gymnastics at the 1928 Summer Olympics
At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, eight events in gymnastics were contested.  For the first time at the Olympic Games, women competed in gymnastics.  The rope climbing and sidehorse vault events were dropped from the program.
Sommersted
Sommersted (German: Sommerstedt) is a small town, with a population of 1,032 (1 January 2025), in Haderslev Municipality, Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark. It is located 11 km north of Vojens, 17 km south of Vamdrup, 38 km east of Ribe and 17 km northwest of Haderslev.

Sommersted Church, built in 1857–58 in a very unusual almost neo-Romanesque style, is located to the northeast in the old part of the elongated town.

Sommersted Mose is a small bog located on the northern outskirts of the town. The bog was used for digging peat during the war and is now an excursion spot for the town's citizens.

Haderslev
Haderslev (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhæðˀɐˌsle̝w]; German: Hadersleben [ˈhaːdɐsleːbm̩] ⓘ) is a Danish town in the Region of Southern Denmark with a population of 22,405 (1 January 2025). It is the main town and the administrative seat of Haderslev Municipality and is situated in the eastern part of Southern Jutland. Haderslev is home of Sønderjyske, which is an association football team that plays in the Danish Superliga since 2008. The town is named after King Hader.
North-Eastern Islands
The North-Eastern Islands are a planning area and group of islands located within the North-East Region of Singapore. The cluster is made up of three islands, namely Pulau Tekong, Pulau Tekong Kechil and Pulau Ubin. Pulau Tekong and Pulau Tekong Kechil were formerly home to 10 villages while Pulau Ubin was home to a number of granite quarries. At present, Pulau Tekong houses the Singapore Armed Forces Basic Military Training Centre while Pulau Ubin is one of the last areas in Singapore that has been preserved from urban development, concrete buildings and tarmac roads.

The North-Eastern Islands share maritime boundaries with Changi, Pasir Ris and Punggol. The entire planning area is situated on the Straits of Johor.

Pulau Ubin
Pulau Ubin (OO-bin), also simply known as Ubin, is an island situated in the north east of Singapore, to the west of Pulau Tekong. The granite quarry used to be supported by a few thousand settlers on Pulau Ubin in the 1960s, but only about 40 villagers remained as of 2012. It is one of the last rural areas to be found in Singapore, with an abundance of natural flora and fauna. The island forms part of the Ubin–Khatib Important Bird Area (IBA), identified as such by BirdLife International because it supports significant numbers of visiting and resident birds, some of which are threatened. Today, the island is managed by the National Parks Board, compared to 12 agencies managing different areas of the island previously.
Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009
Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009, also referred to as Best of.. 2001-2009 is a compilation album by the Finnish alternative rock band The Rasmus, it was released on November 2, 2009.
The album contains the best songs between 2001 and 2009. While most of the songs were already released, it features a new unreleased song called "October & April" which features vocals by Anette Olzon from Nightwish. This song was recorded during the same time as the other songs from the band's latest studio album Black Roses, but wasn't included as it didn't follow the album concept.

"Open My Eyes", appearing in acoustic live version on this album, is a b-side of the single Shot and originally taken from the UK edition of the album  Hide from the Sun (2005).

Hide from the Sun
Hide from the Sun is the sixth studio album by the Finnish rock band The Rasmus. It was originally released in mainland Europe, the United Kingdom, Scandinavia and Japan on 12 September 2005. It was later released in the United States on 10 October 2006, and featured a selection of B-side remixes and special edition bonus tracks. The US edition also included the previously unseen video for "Immortal". The name "Hide from the Sun" is a quotation from the song "Dead Promises". The album cover was painted by guitarist Pauli Rantasalmi.

It received Platinum status in Finland and sold more than 15,000 in the UK and 20,000 in the US. Overall the album has sold over 500,000 copies worldwide.
Betty Reynolds Cobb
Betty Reynolds Cobb (October 23, 1884 – May 27, 1956) was an attorney, author, and activist.

She was one of the first women accepted to the bar, and one of the first female lawyers in Georgia. In 1916, Minnie Anderson Hale, Cobb, and Mary C. Johnson were respectively admitted in the state of Georgia to practice law. Cobb was also an early member of the League of Women Voters.

In 1916, her book "Little Boy Black" was published.

University of West Georgia
The University of West Georgia is a public university in Carrollton, Georgia, United States. The university offers a satellite campus in Newnan, Georgia, select classes at its Douglasville Center, and off-campus Museum Studies classes at the Atlanta History Center in Atlanta, Georgia. A total of 16,072 students, including 10,075 undergraduate and 5,997 graduate, were enrolled as of fall 2025. The university is also one of four comprehensive universities in the University System of Georgia.
John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton
Field Marshal Allan Francis Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton, GCB, CBE, DSO & Two Bars, MC (10 February 1896 – 20 January 1989), known as John Harding, was a senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War, served in the Malayan Emergency, and later advised the British government on the response to the Mau Mau Uprising. He also served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), the professional head of the British Army, and was Governor of Cyprus from 1955 to 1957 during the Cyprus Emergency. His administration of Cyprus was controversial for its authoritarian treatment of suspected insurgents and civilians.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
2021 President of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil election
The 2021 President of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil election took place on 1 February 2021, the day after the opening day of the 3rd Session of the 56th Legislature of the National Congress.

Incumbent President Rodrigo Maia can't run for re-election due to term limits.

Deputy Arthur Lira (PP-AL) won Baleia Rossi (MDB-SP) with 302 votes over 145 votes on Rossi and 56 other votes.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Rugby league in Serbia
Rugby league is a team sport that is played in Serbia, which now has almost 1000 registered players nationwide, many of which are juniors. Belgrade and Novi Sad are the two main bases for the sport, producing most of the country's players. The most successful Serbian club side are the Dorćol Spiders who have won the most premierships. The other club Red Star Belgrade who defeated Dorćol in the deciding game to claim the minor premiership.

Rugby League European Championship
The Rugby League European Championship (formerly known as the European Cup and European Nations Cup) is a rugby league football tournament for European national teams that was first held in 1935.

Originally, the European Cup had three teams, with England, Wales and France each playing each other once. Unlike the Tri-Nations series, there was no final; the team finishing at the top of the group was deemed the winner. From 1949 to 1956, a fourth Other Nationalities team entered the European Cup.

In 2003 the tournament rights were acquired by the European Rugby League and saw an expansion of the tournament reflecting the then recent growth of the sport across Europe.
Tietea
Tietea was a genus of marattialean tree ferns from the Late Carboniferous to the Permian. The genus has been placed in a number of families, including Psaroniaceae. The first described species was Tietea singularis, which grew up to 12 metres (39 ft) in height. It is estimated to represent close to 90% of some fossil assemblages in Brazil. Tietea derbyi was described in 1992, but its validity has been questioned as it could be a laterally flattened specimen of T. singularis.

Marattiaceae
Marattiaceae is the only family of extant (living) ferns in the order Marattiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Marattiales is the only order in the subclass Marattiidae. The family has six genera and about 110 species. Many are different in appearance from other ferns, having large fronds and fleshy rootstocks.
Mercury spacesuit
The Mercury space suit (or Navy Mark IV) was a full-body, high-altitude pressure suit originally developed by the B.F. Goodrich Company and the U.S. Navy for pilots of high-altitude fighter aircraft.  It is best known for its role as the spacesuit worn by the astronauts of the Project Mercury spaceflights.

The MK IV Full Pressure Suit ensemble was also used extensively by the US Navy from about 1959 through the early 1970s in aircraft such as the F-4 Phantom, A-3/A-5/RA-5C Vigilante, and F-8 Crusader.

Mercury-Redstone 4
Mercury-Redstone 4 was the second United States human spaceflight, on July 21, 1961. The suborbital Project Mercury flight was launched with a Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle, MRLV-8. The spacecraft, Mercury capsule #11, was nicknamed Liberty Bell 7. It was piloted by astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom.

The spaceflight lasted 15 minutes 30 seconds, reached an altitude of more than 102.8 nautical miles (190.4 km), and flew 262.5 nautical miles (486.2 km) downrange, landing in the Atlantic Ocean. The flight went as expected until just after splashdown, when the hatch cover, designed to release explosively in the event of an emergency, accidentally blew. Grissom was at risk of drowning, but was recovered safely via a U.S. Navy helicopter. The spacecraft sank into the Atlantic and was not recovered until 1999.
Dicarbonyldi-μ-chlorodichlorodiplatinum
trans-Dicarbonyldi-μ-chlorodichlorodiplatinum is the first ever isolated metal-carbonyl complex. It was first synthesized by Paul Schützenberger in 1868. This discovery of [Pt(CO)Cl2]2 opened the door for the exploration of metal-carbonyl complexes and represents a significant breakthrough in the field of organometallic chemistry. Though [Pt(CO)Cl2]2 itself is not used in industry, metal carbonyls are an important class of catalysts for a wide range of industrial processes including hydroformylation amongst others. As such, the discovery of [Pt(CO)Cl2]2 was an important milestone both in the synthesis of organometallic compounds and in the development of many important catalysts widely used today.

Metal carbonyl
Metal carbonyls are coordination complexes of transition metals with carbon monoxide ligands. Metal carbonyls are useful in organic synthesis and as catalysts or catalyst precursors in homogeneous catalysis, such as hydroformylation and Reppe chemistry. In the Mond process, nickel tetracarbonyl is used to produce pure nickel. In organometallic chemistry, metal carbonyls serve as precursors for the preparation of other organometallic complexes.

Metal carbonyls are toxic by skin contact, inhalation or ingestion, in part because of their ability to carbonylate hemoglobin to give carboxyhemoglobin, which prevents the binding of oxygen.
Civil United Green Alternative
The Civil United Green Alternative movement (Russian: движение Гражданская Объединённая Зелёная Альтернатива), GROZA movement (Russian: движение ГРОЗА, lit. "Thunderstorm"), formerly Interregional Green Party, is a Russian movement, founded in 1991 as a local party in Leningrad. In 2005, it reorganized in the green political movement "Green Alternative" (GROZA). The movement is an associate member of the European Green Party.

European Green Party
The European Green Party (EGP), also referred to as European Greens, is a European political party composed of national parties from across Europe who share Green values.

The European Greens works closely with the Greens–European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) parliamentary group in the European Parliament which is formed by elected Green party members along with the European Free Alliance, European Pirate Party and Volt Europa. The European Greens' partners include its youth wing the Federation of Young European Greens (FYEG), the Green European Foundation (GEF) and the Global Greens family.

Green parties participate in the governments of two countries in Europe: Latvia (The Progressives) and Spain (Catalunya en Comú/Sumar). They also externally support the government in Poland (Zieloni/Civic Coalition).
Nemastoma (harvestman)
Nemastoma is a genus of arachnids belonging to the family Nemastomatidae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America.

Species:

Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914

Nemastoma bimaculatum (Fabricius, 1775)

etc

Nemastoma bimaculatum
Nemastoma bimaculatum is a species of harvestman, in the Nemastomatidae. It is black, with two cream spots on the cephalothorax (rarely all black). It is sometimes known as N. lugubre. It occurs in Britain, Ireland, France, Germany, and Spain.
7.62 ITKK 31 VKT
7,62 ITKK 31 VKT or 7,62 mm VKT anti-aircraft machine gun was the primary anti-aircraft machine gun of the Finnish Army during World War II. The weapon was designed by the  Finnish gunsmith Aimo Lahti. 507 weapons were produced in two versions, 7,62 ItKk/31 VKT and an improved 7,62 ItKk/31-40 VKT, between 1933 and 1944.

Maxim gun
The Maxim gun is a recoil-operated machine gun invented in 1884 by Hiram Stevens Maxim. It was the first fully automatic machine gun in the world.

The Maxim gun has been called "the weapon most associated with imperial conquest" by historian Martin Gilbert, and was heavily used by colonial powers during the "Scramble for Africa". Afterwards, Maxim guns also saw extensive usage by different armies during the Russo-Japanese War, the First and Second World Wars, as well as in contemporary conflicts.

The Maxim gun was greatly influential in the development of machine guns, and it has multiple variants and derivatives, such as the Vickers, PM M1910 and MG 08. Some are still in service to the present-day, such as in the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Yepoella
Yepoella is a monotypic genus of Argentinian jumping spiders containing the single species, Yepoella crassistyli. It was first described by María Elena Galiano in 1970, and is found in Argentina. A second species, Y. tenuistyli Galiano, 1970, was moved to Theriella in 1996.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
M33 (Johannesburg)
The M33 is a metropolitan route in Johannesburg, South Africa. The southern half of the road connects the light industry areas of City Deep and Rosherville with the M2 motorway while the northern half connects the eastern suburbs of Johannesburg with the northern suburbs.

Metropolitan routes in Johannesburg
Metropolitan Routes in Johannesburg, also called Metro Roads or Metro Routes are designated with the letter M, and are usually major routes around Johannesburg and some areas declared part of Greater Johannesburg (including the town of Krugersdorp and the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality).
Alto, Indiana
Alto was an unincorporated town which is now a neighborhood of Kokomo in Harrison Township, Howard County, Indiana, United States. It is part of the Kokomo, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. Alto (along with nearby subdivision, Holiday Park and CDP, Indian Heights) was annexed into the city of Kokomo January 1, 2012.

Indian Heights, Indiana
Indian Heights is a neighborhood in Kokomo, Howard County, Indiana, United States. Indian Heights was a census-designated place (CDP) also before its annexation into Kokomo. The population was 3,011 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kokomo, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. On January 1, 2012, the neighborhood of Indian Heights was legally annexed into the city of Kokomo's corporate boundary.

Mohawk Park is the only public park in the region; however, Taylor Elementary School has a playground in the back of the school. It also has some neighborhoods, the most famous being Ojibway, Miami, Algonquin, and Mohawk, which are named after Native American tribes.
2011 Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic season
The 2011 Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic season saw Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic compete in the 2011 ANZ Championship. With a team coached by Noeline Taurua and captained by Laura Langman, Magic finished the regular season second behind Queensland Firebirds. They subsequently lost to Firebirds in the major semi-final and to Northern Mystics in the preliminary final. Magic finished the season third overall.

The 2011 season was the last season Magic played their Hamilton home games at the Mystery Creek Events Centre. From 2012, their Hamilton games will be played at Claudelands Arena.

2011 ANZ Championship season
The 2011 ANZ Championship season was the fourth season of the ANZ Championship. The 2011 season began on 13 February and concluded on 22 May. With a team coached by Roselee Jencke, captained by Lauren Nourse and featuring Romelda Aiken, Laura Geitz, Clare McMeniman and Natalie Medhurst, Queensland Firebirds finished the season undefeated. They became the first team in the history of the ANZ Championship to go through the regular season and the playoffs without losing a single match. In the major semi-final, Firebirds defeated Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic  and in the grand final they defeated Northern Mystics, winning their first premiership. This marked the beginning of a golden age for Firebirds. Between 2011 and 2016, Jencke guided them to five grand finals and three premierships.
Vladimir Nikolovski
Vladimir "Vlado" Nikolovski (Macedonian: Владимир "Владо" Николовски, born 25 August 1936) is a former Macedonian footballer. He became known as the first in a long line of Macedonian players to play for Red Star Belgrade.

1960–61 Yugoslav Cup
The 1960–61 Yugoslav Cup was the 14th season of the top football knockout competition in SFR Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup (Serbo-Croatian: Kup Jugoslavije), also known as the "Marshal Tito Cup" (Kup Maršala Tita), since its establishment in 1947.
2011 Independence Bowl
The 2011 AdvoCare V100 Independence Bowl, the 36th edition of the Independence Bowl, was a post-season American college football bowl game, held on December 26, 2011 at Independence Stadium in Shreveport, Louisiana as part of the 2011–12 NCAA bowl season. The game's title sponsor was AdvoCare, an American dietary supplement company.

The game, telecast at 4:00 p.m. CT on ESPN2, featured the Missouri Tigers from the Big 12 Conference versus the North Carolina Tar Heels from the Atlantic Coast Conference. This marked Missouri's third appearance in the Independence Bowl in the previous nine seasons, all under head coach Gary Pinkel, while North Carolina made its first appearance in this bowl.

Independence Bowl
The Independence Bowl is a post-season National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)-sanctioned Division I college football bowl game that is played annually each December at Independence Stadium in Shreveport, Louisiana. The Independence Bowl was named because it was inaugurated in 1976, the year of the United States Bicentennial. The bowl's current title sponsor is Radiance Technologies, per an agreement announced for the 2020–2025 editions. Only one prior edition of the bowl, in 2013, has not used Independence Bowl branding.

The 2020 edition of the bowl was canceled on December 20, 2020, due to an insufficient number of teams being available to fill all 2020-21 bowl games, following a season impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Breaksea Sound
Te Puaitaha / Breaksea Sound is a small fiord on the southwestern coast of South Island, New Zealand in the Tasman Sea. Breaksea Island in Fiordland National Park lies at its entrance. In the 1850s, early settlers Henry Hirst and John Watts-Russell explored the area for flat land suitable for sheep farming, but they were unsuccessful.
In October 2019, the name of the fiord was officially altered to Te Puaitaha / Breaksea Sound.

Fiordland National Park
Fiordland National Park is a national park in the south-west corner of South Island of New Zealand. It is the largest of the 13 national parks in New Zealand, with an area covering 12,607 km2 (4,868 sq mi), and a major part of the Te Wāhipounamu a UNESCO World Heritage Site established in 1990. The park is administered by the Department of Conservation (DOC). The southern ranges of the Southern Alps cover most of Fiordland National Park, combined with the deep glacier-carved valleys.

The park is a significant refuge for many threatened native animals, ranging from dolphins and bats to reptiles, insects, and endangered species of birds endemic to New Zealand, such as the takahē,  mōhua, kākāpō, and southern brown kiwi.