hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2nd Arkansas Field Battery
The 2nd Arkansas Field Battery (1861–1865) was a Confederate Army artillery battery during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Dallas Artillery and Hart's Arkansas Battery. The battery was re-organized on two occasions. Following a charge of cowardice during Battle of Pea Ridge, the battery was ordered to disband.  After being cleared of that charge the battery was reorganized and served until it was captured at the Battle of Arkansas Post. After being exchanged and re-organized for the second time, it served until the final surrender of Confederate forces in May 1865.

Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
The Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies in the War of the Rebellion, commonly known as the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies or Official Records (OR or ORs), is the most extensive collection of American Civil War land warfare records available to the general public. It includes selected first-hand accounts, orders, reports, maps, diagrams, and correspondence drawn from official records of both Union and Confederate armies.
2017–18 DEL2 season
The 2017–18 DEL2 season was the fifth season since the founding of the DEL2, the second tier of German ice hockey, set below the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. The season ran from 15 September 2017 till 22 April 2018. SC Riessersee was crowned league premiers by finishing top of the regular season standings. Bietigheim Steelers claimed the championship title by defeating SC Riessersee 4-1 in the final series. Bayreuth Tigers lost the relegation playoffs 4-1 against promoted team Tölzer Löwen, however they were saved from relegation from DEL2 to Oberliga due to SC Riessersee not being granted a DEL2 licence in the summer of 2018.

Oberliga (ice hockey)
The Oberliga (English: Upper League) is the third tier of ice hockey in Germany, below DEL2 and above the Regionalliga. Since the 2015/16 season, the league has been split into two regionalised divisions, Nord (north) and Süd (south). The Oberliga was originally founded in 1948 and is administered by the German Ice Hockey Federation (DEB).
Jacob Weager
Jacob Weager (September 26, 1755 - July 10, 1827) was a farmer and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Dundas in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1800 to 1804.

Jacob Weager, was a British Army Captain and Upper Canadian politician. He was born in the Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, Province of New York, the son of Everhart Weager and married to Mary Hare in 1784. He served in the King's Loyal Regiment of New York during the American Revolution. Weager married Mary Hare, the daughter of Henry Hare of the Indian Department. He lived in Williamsburgh Township. Weager served in the Dundas County Militia, reaching the rank of captain, and was a justice of the peace in the Eastern District.

Weager died in Dundas in 1827.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
Gmina Radomyśl nad Sanem
Gmina Radomyśl nad Sanem is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Stalowa Wola County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Radomyśl nad Sanem, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Stalowa Wola and 73 km (45 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 133.63 square kilometres (51.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,471 (7,397 in 2013).

Stalowa Wola County
Stalowa Wola County (Polish: powiat stalowowolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Stalowa Wola, which lies 62 kilometres (39 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The county covers an area of 832.92 square kilometres (321.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 103,293, out of which the population of Stalowa Wola is 60,799, and the rural population is 42,494.
Figure skating at the 2009 New Zealand Winter Games
Figure skating was held as part of the 2009 New Zealand Winter Games. The competition was open to all ISU member nations. It was organized by the New Zealand Winter Games and the New Zealand Ice Skating Association. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's and ladies' singles on the levels of senior, junior, and novice. The figure skating competition at the New Zealand Winter Games was held between 28 and 30 August at the Dunedin Ice Stadium in Dunedin.

2009 New Zealand Winter Games
The 2009 New Zealand Winter Games was a multi-sport event that was held in the Otago region of New Zealand. It was the inaugural New Zealand Winter Games and was organised by the Winter Games New Zealand Trust. Approximately 816 athletes from 41 nations participated in 51 event in seven disciplines.

Canada won the Team Trophy through points accumulated through the medals won during the games. The United States finished second and Japan third. The hosts, New Zealand finished in sixth place.
Kenya Mortgage Refinance Company
Kenya Mortgage Refinance Company Plc (KMRC), is a financial services company in Kenya, that specializes in lending to other financial institutions in the country, for onward lending in form of mortgages. In addition, KMRC buys good mortgages from other lenders to make more money available to banks for onward lending to eligible homeowners. It also plans to "invest in government debt securities or other guaranteed debt".

Central Bank of Kenya
The Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) (Swahili: Banki Kuu ya Kenya) is the monetary authority of Kenya. Its head office is located in Nairobi. CBK was founded in 1966 after the dissolution of East African Currency Board (EACB). Dr. Kamau Thugge, CBS is the current Governor and Dr. Susan Koech is the Deputy Governor.
Warragul Show
The Warragul Show is an agricultural show that has been held annually on the first weekend of March since 1885 in Warragul, a town in the West Gippsland region of Victoria in Australia. The show takes place at the Warragul showgrounds, located at Logan Park where the greyhound and harness tracks are also situated. The show is run by the Warragul and West Gippsland Agricultural Society.

The Warragul Show attracts visitors from many different towns in the West Gippsland area. There are two main elements to the show: The carnival, which traditionally takes place on the first day of the event, and a variety of farming showcases and events, which occur on the second day of the event. There are also art and craft events, photography, flower arrangement and baking.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced the show to go on hiatus in 2021, as was 1915 to 1918 & 1940 to 1945.

Judging of some Clydesdales on the Saturday.

"The Zipper" at the Warragul Show

West Gippsland
West Gippsland is a region of Gippsland in Victoria, Australia. It covers an area of 19,639 km2 (7,583 sq mi) around the eastern shores of the Western Port Bay, extending from San Remo in the west to the Strzelecki Ranges in the east, up to Mount Howitt in the north.

The Shire of Cardinia and the Phillip Island both are parts of West Gippsland geographically, although administratively those are assigned to the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area (due to urban sprawl) and South Gippsland, respectively.
Eliwlod
In some old Welsh texts, Eliwlod is a nephew of King Arthur. His father is Madoc, son of Uther Pendragon, an obscure brother of Arthur's mentioned a very few times in Welsh literature.

Arthur thought highly of Eliwlod's eloquence. Eliwlod appears in the Welsh Triads, where he is called one of the three "Golden-Tongued Knights of Britain", alongside Gwalchmei ap Gwyar (Gawain) and Drudwas ap Tryffin. He pays a postmortem visit to his uncle in the form of an eagle in the poem Arthur and the Eagle.

Eliwlod figures in the works of Welsh poet Lewys Glyn Cothi. In the Hendregadredd Manuscript, the poet Bleddyn Fardd praises his patron Rhys ap Maredudd by likening him to Arthur's "beloved' nephew Eliwlod.

Welsh Triads
The Welsh Triads (Welsh: Trioedd Ynys Prydein, "Triads of the Island of Britain") are a group of related texts in medieval manuscripts which preserve fragments of Welsh folklore, mythology and traditional history in groups of three. The triad is a rhetorical form whereby objects are grouped together in threes, with a heading indicating the point of likeness; for example, "Three things not easily restrained, the flow of a torrent, the flight of an arrow, and the tongue of a fool."
Buchnera americana
Buchnera americana, commonly known as American bluehearts or bupleurum, is a locally endangered herbaceous perennial plant of the broomrape family Orobanchaceae.  Found widely across the eastern United States, it also occurs in one location in the Canadian province of Ontario.

Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Striga) were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing Orobanche major and relatives, but neither Paulownia tomentosa nor Phryma leptostachya nor Mazus japonicus.

The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except Lindenbergia, Rehmannia and Triaenophora) are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis.
Two Strong Hearts Live
Two Strong Hearts Live is a live album by John Farnham and Olivia Newton-John recorded in Melbourne with Philharmonia Australia in April 2015. The live album was released on 16 June 2015 with the live DVD being released on 21 August 2015.

Suddenly (Olivia Newton-John and Cliff Richard song)
"Suddenly" is a duet performed by Olivia Newton-John and Cliff Richard from the soundtrack Xanadu, and is the love theme from the 1980 film of the same name. It was written and produced by John Farrar.

"Suddenly" reached number 15 on the UK Singles Chart in October 1980 and number 20 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in January 1981. It finished the year as number 91 on the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 Singles of 1981. It was also a major Adult Contemporary hit, reaching number four. The music video shows Newton-John and Richard in a penthouse singing the song to each other, taken from her ABC TV special "Hollywood Nights" that aired before the 52nd Academy Awards on April 14, 1980.

The single's B-side, "You Made Me Love You" (Olivia solo), was also featured in the film Xanadu but does not appear on the soundtrack album.
Timeline of Spirit
Spirit is a robotic rover that was active on the planet Mars from 2004 to 2010. Launched on June 10, 2003, Spirit landed on Mars' Meridiani Planum on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin Opportunity (MER-B), also part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission, touched down on the other side of the planet. Spirit became immobile in 2009 and ceased communications in 2010. NASA ended efforts to free the rover and eventually ended the mission on May 25, 2011.

Mars Exploration Rover
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission was a robotic space mission involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, exploring the planet Mars. It began in 2003 with the launch of the two rovers to explore the Martian surface and geology; both landed on Mars at separate locations in January 2004.  Both rovers far outlived their planned missions of 90 Martian solar days: MER-A Spirit was active until March 22, 2010, while MER-B Opportunity was active until June 10, 2018.
Zierenberg
Zierenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈtsiːʁənˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Kassel, in Hesse, Germany. It is located 19 km east of Bad Arolsen, and 15 km northwest of Kassel on the German Timber-Frame Road.

Kassel (district)
Kassel district (German: Landkreis Kassel) is a district in the north of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Northeim, Göttingen, Werra-Meißner, Schwalm-Eder, Waldeck-Frankenberg, Höxter. The independent city of Kassel is nearly completely surrounded by the district.
Gwen Cherry
Gwendolyn Sawyer Cherry (August 27, 1923 – February 7, 1979) was an American politician in the state of Florida. She was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 106th district. The first African-American woman to win election to the Florida Legislature, she served from 1970 until 1979.

Florida A&M University
Florida A&M University (FAMU), is a public historically black land-grant university in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. Founded in 1887, it is the third-largest historically black university in the US by enrollment and the only public historically black university in Florida. It is a member of the State University System of Florida and is accredited to award baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral degrees by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

Florida A&M sports teams are known as the Rattlers, and compete in Division I of the NCAA.  They are a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).
The Schooner Gang
The Schooner Gang is a 1937 British crime film directed by W. Devenport Hackney and starring Vesta Victoria, Billy Percy and Gerald Barry.

It was made as a quota quickie at Cricklewood Studios. Location shooting took place in Leigh-on-Sea.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
R. M. Babu Murugavel
R. M. Babu Murugavel is an Indian politician and a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Arni constituency. He represented the Desiya Murpokku Dravidar Kazhagam party.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by S. Sevoor Ramachandran. He is currently under Edapadi Palaniswamy's AIADMK as Advocate wing State joint secretary, the party’s official spokesman and a member of the legal advisory committee.

14th Tamil Nadu Assembly
The Fourteenth Assembly of Tamil Nadu was constituted after the victory of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and allies, in the 2011 state assembly election. J. Jayalalithaa became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu due to the election. She was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for the third time.
Alfred Bigwood
Alfred Bigwood (3 August 1857 – 12 September 1940) was an English cricketer. Bigwood was a right-handed batsman who bowled roundarm slow, though which he arm he bowled with is also unknown. He was born at Mortlake, Surrey.

Bigwood made a single first-class appearance for Surrey against Middlesex in 1878 at Lord's. Middlesex won the toss and elected to bat, making 105 all out. Surrey responded in their first-innings by making 84 all out, with Bigwood for 4 runs by Robert Henderson. Middlesex then made 167 all out in their second-innings, leaving Surrey with a target of 189 for victory. However, Surrey could only manage to make 75 all out, with Bigwood ending the innings not out on a single run. Middlesex won the match by 113 runs. This was his only major appearance for Surrey.

He died at Putney, London, on 12 September 1940.

Robert Henderson (Middlesex cricketer)
Robert Henderson (3 May 1851 – 22 September 1895) was an English first-class cricketer active 1872–78 who played for Middlesex. He was born in Fulham and educated at Harrow School. Henderson died in Horsham.
Oxilofrine
Oxilofrine, sold under the brand names Carnigen and Suprifen among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which has been used as an antihypotensive agent and cough suppressant. It is taken by mouth.

Oxilofrine acts as a norepinephrine releasing agent and hence is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic. It is a substituted amphetamine and is closely related to ephedrine (with oxilofrine also being known as 4-hydroxyephedrine).

Oxilofrine was first developed in the 1930s. It is mostly no longer marketed today.

Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β2) agonists and alpha-2 (α2) agonists, which are used to treat high blood pressure and asthma, for example.

Many cells have these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The SNS is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which is triggered by experiences such as exercise or fear-causing situations. This response dilates pupils, increases heart rate, mobilizes energy, and diverts blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. These effects together tend to increase physical performance momentarily.
Greek tragedy
Greek tragedy (Ancient Greek: τραγῳδία, romanized: tragōidía) is one of the three principal theatrical genres from Ancient Greece and Greek-inhabited Anatolia, along with comedy and the satyr play. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy.

Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and theatre, and it greatly influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. These tragedians often explored many themes of human nature, mainly as a way of connecting with the audience but also as way of bringing the audience into the play.

Deus ex machina
Deus ex machina (/ˈdeɪəs ɛks ˈmækɪnə, ˈmɑːk-/ DAY-əs ex-MA(H)K-in-ə; Latin: [ˈdɛ.ʊs ɛks ˈmaːkʰɪnaː]; plural: dei ex machina; 'God from the machine') is a plot device, a type of denouement  in which a seemingly unsolvable problem in a story is suddenly or abruptly resolved by an unexpected and unlikely occurrence. Its function is generally to resolve an otherwise irresolvable plot situation, to surprise the audience, to bring the tale to a happy ending, or act as a comedic device.
George Joseph Plunket Browne
George Joseph Plunket Browne (1795–1858) was an Irish Roman Catholic clergyman. Born to a "well-known Roscommon family", he served as Bishop of Galway from 1831 until 1844, and afterward as Bishop of Elphin, until his death on 1 December 1858. He was charged with being a "Cullenite" in 1855, that is, a follower of ultramontane Paul Cardinal Cullen.

Bishop of Elphin
The Bishop of Elphin (el-FIN; Irish: Easpag Ail Finn) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the village of Elphin, County Roscommon, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.
Zia ol-Saltaneh
Zia ol-Saltaneh (1799–1873; Persian: ضیاء السلطنه), also known as Shah Begum Khanum, was a Persian calligrapher and poet. The seventh most senior daughter of the second Qajar ruler of Iran, Fath-ʿAli Shah, she served as private secretary to her father. The name usually used for her, Ziaʾ al-Saltaneh, meaning "Light of the Realm", was given to her by her father, and is an indication of his great love for her.

Begum Khanum
Begum Khanum (Persian: بیگم خانم) was the 62nd wife of the Qajar shah of Iran, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834). Together they had three children, including Parviz Mirza, the 53rd son of Fath-Ali Shah. The other two died during their childhood. The Islamic law only allowing a man to have four wives, she was technically his concubine and not his legal wife.

Begum Khanum was the daughter of a certain Haji Elias Tajrishi and was from Tajrish.
Buckskin Mountain (Arizona-Utah)
Buckskin Mountain is a 16-mile (26 km) mountain ridge that spans from Coconino County, Arizona, to Kane County, Utah in the United States,: 58–59 : 28 & 62  that is divided almost equally between the two counties.

Buckskin Gulch
Buckskin Gulch (also known as Buckskin Creek, Buckskin Wash, and Kaibab Gulch) is a gulch and canyon located in southern Kane County, Utah, near the Arizona border in the Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs Wilderness. With a length of over 16 miles (26 km), it is one of the main tributaries of the Paria River, a tributary of the Colorado River.

Buckskin Gulch is one of the longest and deepest slot canyons in the Southwestern United States.

Wire Pass, a short tributary to Buckskin (and the most common means by which Buckskin Gulch is accessed), have features of narrow, curving features of the slot canyons.
Ephraim Urbach
Ephraim Elimelech Urbach (Hebrew: אפרים אלימלך אורבך; born 1912 – 3 July 1991) was a distinguished scholar of Judaism. He is best known for his landmark works on rabbinic thought, The Sages, and for research on the Tosafot. He was a candidate to presidency in Israel in 1973 but wasn't elected.

A professor of Talmud at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Urbach was a member and president of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

Bialik Prize
The Bialik Prize is an annual literary award given by the municipality of Tel Aviv, Israel, for significant accomplishments in Hebrew literature. The prize is named in memory of Israel's national poet Hayyim Nahman Bialik. There are two separate prizes, one specifically for "Literature", which is in the field of fiction, and the other for "Jewish thought" (חכמת ישראל). The prize was established in January 1933, Bialik's 60th birthday.
Outline of forestry
The following outline is provided as an overview of and guide to forestry:

Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests and woodlands for associated resources for human and environmental benefits. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands. The science of forestry has elements that belong to the biological, physical, social, political and managerial sciences. Forest management plays an essential role in the creation and modification of habitats and affects ecosystem services provisioning. A practitioner of forestry is known as a forester.

Below is a structured list of topics in forestry.

Log bucking
Bucking is the process of cutting a felled and delimbed tree into logs. Significant value can be lost by sub-optimal bucking because logs destined for plywood, lumber, and pulp each have their own value and specifications for length, diameter, and defects. Cutting from the top down is overbucking and from the bottom up is underbucking.

In British English, the process is called logging-up or crosscutting.