hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Big South Conference baseball tournament
The 2012 Big South Conference baseball tournament was held from May 22 through 26.  The top eight regular season finishers of the ten eligible teams met in the double-elimination tournament. This tournament was held at George S. Erath Field at Coy O. Williard Baseball Stadium on the campus of High Point University, Located in High Point, NC.  Presbyterian was not eligible for postseason play in any sport until the 2012–2013 academic year due to its transition to Division I.  Top seeded Coastal Carolina won their thirteenth championship and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2012 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Big South Conference baseball tournament
The Big South Conference baseball tournament, sometimes referred to simply as the Big South tournament, is the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Big South Conference.  The top eight finishers in the regular season of the conference's 11 teams advance to the double-elimination tournament, which is currently held at a neutral site at Segra Stadium in Fayetteville, North Carolina, from 2019 to 2021. The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth to the NCAA Division I Tournament.
2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas
The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas occurred on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the four U.S. representatives from the state, one from each of the state's four congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election.

As the result of redistricting following the 2010 United States census, the boundaries of the state's congressional districts were redrawn by the then Democratic legislature. Democratic Governor Mike Beebe, who signed the new map into law in April 2011, described it as the "status quo" and not partisan. In the new map, five counties are split between districts, the first time in Arkansas history that counties have not been kept intact in congressional districts.

2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas
The 2010 congressional elections in Arkansas were held on November 2, 2010, to determine who would represent Arkansas in the United States House of Representatives.  Arkansas has four seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 112th Congress from January 3, 2011, until January 3, 2013. None of Arkansas's four representatives faced major party opposition in 2008. As of 2024, this was the last election in which a Democrat won a congressional district in Arkansas or managed 40% or more of the House popular vote in the state.
Harry Weese
Harry Mohr Weese (June 30, 1915 – October 29, 1998) was an American architect who had an important role in 20th-century modernism and historic preservation. His brother, Ben Weese, was also a renowned architect.

Symphony Center
Symphony Center is a music complex located at 220 South Michigan Avenue in the Loop area of Chicago, Illinois. Home to the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO); Chicago Symphony Chorus; Civic Orchestra of Chicago; and the Institute for Learning, Access, and Training; Symphony Center includes the 2,522-seat Orchestra Hall, which dates from 1904; Buntrock Hall, a rehearsal and performance space named for the CSO trustee and benefactor Dean L. Buntrock; Grainger Ballroom, an event space overlooking Michigan Avenue and the Art Institute of Chicago; a public multi-story rotunda; Forte, a restaurant and café; and administrative offices. In June 1993, plans to significantly renovate and expand Orchestra Hall were approved and the $110 million project resulting in Symphony Center, completed in 1997.

Designed by architect Daniel Burnham, Orchestra Hall was designated a National Historic Landmark on April 19, 1994. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1978.
Aston Martin Vantage
Aston Martin has used the Vantage name on a number of vehicles, normally indicating a high-performance version of another model. In one case, from 1972–1973, the Vantage was a distinct model, being a straight-6 powered version of the DBS, a car that had been launched as a straight-6 but was by that time V8-powered (as the DBS V8). Despite the Vantage nameplate, the 1972–1973 Vantage was in reality the least powerful model in the manufacturer's range at the time. It was also the least expensive, serving as an entry-level Aston Martin.

Visual cues include a unique 2-headlight front clip with DB6-like grille. It was also the last Aston Martin to come equipped with wire wheels. Just 71 examples were built.

The Vantage was the last straight-6 Aston Martin until the 1993 DB7.

Aston Martin DBS
The Aston Martin DBS is a grand tourer produced by the British manufacturer Aston Martin Lagonda Limited from 1967 to 1972.

From 2007 to 2012 the DBS name was resurrected for a new model, also called the Aston Martin DBS.
Hyundai U engine
The Hyundai U engine is a series of three or four-cylinder diesel engines made for automotive applications by the Hyundai Kia Automotive Group. The U series of engines includes the smallest automotive diesel engines produced by Hyundai.

Hyundai i30
The Hyundai i30 is a small family car manufactured by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai Motor Company since 2006. The i30 shares its platform with the Kia Ceed, available as a three-door hatchback (2012–2017), five-door hatchback, five-door estate and five-door liftback (2017–present), with a choice of three petrol engines and two diesel engines, either with manual or automatic transmission.

The i30 was marketed alongside the fifth-generation Hyundai Elantra in the United States and Canada until the end of 2020.  While initially the i30 wagon was sold as the Elantra Touring, in 2012 it was replaced by the i30 hatchback, carrying Elantra GT badging. The second-generation i30 was introduced in September 2011 at the Frankfurt Motor Show.
Flicker-free
Flicker-free is a term given to video displays, primarily cathode-ray tubes, operating at a high refresh rate to reduce or eliminate the perception of screen flicker. For standard-definition television, this involves operating at a 100 hertz (Hz) or 120 hertz rate to eliminate flicker, compared to common televisions that operate at 50 Hz (PAL/SÉCAM systems) or 60 Hz (NTSC), most simply done by displaying each field of interlaced video twice, rather than once. For computer displays, this is usually a refresh rate of 70–90 Hz, sometimes 100 Hz or higher. This should not be confused with motion interpolation, though the two may be combined.

Televisions operating at these frequencies are often labelled as being 100 or 120 Hz without using the words flicker-free in the description.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
1984 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 1984 U.S. Figure Skating Championships took place in Salt Lake City, Utah. Medals were awarded in three colors: gold (first), silver (second), and bronze (third) in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice.

The event determined the U.S. teams for the 1984 Winter Olympics and 1984 World Championships.

1984 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1984 World Figure Skating Championships were held at the Ottawa Civic Centre in Ottawa, Canada from March 20 to 25. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The ISU Representative was Olaf Poulsen (Norway), and the ISU Technical Delegate was Elemér Terták (Hungary).
Zach Myers
Michael Zachary "Zach" Myers (born November 7, 1983) is an American musician who is the guitarist (formerly bassist) for the hard rock band Shinedown. He is also the lead singer, guitarist and a founding member of the rock band The Fairwell, and a member of Allen, Mack, Myers & Moore. He also embarked on a comedy career as part of the duo Campfire Astronauts with comedian Chris Porter.

ESP Guitars
ESP Company, Limited (株式会社イーエスピー, Kabushiki Gaisha Ī Esu Pī) is a Japanese guitar manufacturer, primarily focussed on the production of electric guitars and basses. They are based in both Tokyo and Los Angeles, with distinct product-lines for each market. ESP Company manufactures instruments under several names, including "ESP Standard", "ESP Custom Shop", "LTD Guitars and Basses", "Navigator", "Edwards Guitars and Basses", and "Grassroots".
Taenarum (town)
Taenarum or Tainaron (Ταίναρον) or Taenarus or Tainaros (Ταίναρος), was an Ancient Greek settlement in the region of Laconia on the Mani Peninsula in the southern extreme of the Peloponnese. It was situated 40 stadia (5 miles (8.0 km)) north of Cape Tainaron, which is today called Cape Matapan. The name is sometimes anglicized as Tenarus.

Taenarum was significant in Greek mythology. A nearby cavern was considered the entrance to the Greek underworld and the opening through which Heracles dragged Cerberus into the realm of Hades and Orpheus led Eurydice. Modern-day writers have used the word "Tenarus" as a metonym for the underworld itself.

Cerberus
In Greek mythology, Cerberus (/ˈsɜːrbərəs/ ⓘ or /ˈkɜːrbərəs/; Ancient Greek: Κέρβερος Kérberos [ˈkerberos]), often referred to as the hound of Hades, is a multi-headed dog that guards the gates of the underworld to prevent the dead from leaving. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and was usually described as having three heads, a serpent for a tail, and snakes protruding from his body. Cerberus is primarily known for his capture by Heracles, the last of Heracles' twelve labours.
Duist
Duist is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht, located between Amersfoort and Bunschoten. The municipality existed between 1818 and 1857, when it was merged with the municipality of Hoogland. When Hoogland was annexed by Amersfoort in 1974, the Duist area was split off, and merged with the municipality of Bunschoten.

The municipality of Duist contained the village of Zevenhuizen and the polder De Haar.

Zevenhuizen, Utrecht
Zevenhuizen is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Bunschoten, and lies about 6 km north of the centre of Amersfoort. The village consists of a single road, the Zevenhuizerstraat.

It was first mentioned in 1469 as Soevenhuysen, and means seven houses. Zevenhuizen is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Bunschoten-Spakenburg. Since 2012, it has place name signs. In 1840, it was home to 31 people. Nowadays, it consists of about 30 houses.
Hitoshi Narita
Hitoshi Narita FREng is a Japanese naval architect, researcher and business executive. He was one of the Managing Directors of Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co. in the 1990s. He is currently senior advisor for science and technology at the US Office of Naval Research's International Field Office, Asia.

Royal Academy of Engineering
The Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) is the United Kingdom's national academy of engineering.

The Academy was founded in June 1976 as the Fellowship of Engineering with support from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who became the first senior fellow and remained so until his death. The Fellowship was incorporated and granted a royal charter on 17 May 1983 and became the Royal Academy of Engineering on 16 March 1992. It is governed according to the charter and associated statutes and regulations (as amended from time to time). In June 2024 His Majesty the King became Patron of the Academy.
Devoré
Devoré (also called burnout) is a fabric technique particularly used on velvets, where a mixed-fibre material undergoes a chemical process to dissolve the cellulose fibres to create a semi-transparent pattern against more solidly woven fabric. The same technique can also be applied to textiles other than velvet, such as lace or the fabrics in burnout t-shirts.

Devoré comes from the French verb dévorer, meaning literally to devour.

Glossary of textile manufacturing
The manufacture of textiles is one of the oldest of human technologies. To make textiles, the first requirement is a source of fiber from which a yarn can be made, primarily by spinning. The yarn is processed by knitting or weaving, with color and patterns, which turns it into cloth. The machine used for weaving is the loom. For decoration, the process of coloring yarn or the finished material is dyeing. For more information of the various steps, see textile manufacturing.
History of CP/CMS
This article covers the History of CP/CMS — the historical context in which the IBM time-sharing virtual machine operating system was built.

CP/CMS development occurred in a complex political and technical milieu.

Historical notes, below, provides supporting quotes and citations from first-hand observers.

IBM Type-III Library
The IBM Type-III Library (also: Type-III software, Type-III product) was software provided by IBM to its customers, available without charge, liability, or support, and typically (perhaps always) in source-code format. The best known examples are for mainframe software, but IBM also used this same classification on smaller systems.

IBM also distributed other systems in source code form. Most early operating systems were shipped in this way. Source distribution of the VM family of operating systems continued for several decades after it supplanted CP/CMS from the Type-III Library, and TPF was always distributed in source form, apparently continued today with z/TPF. Unlike Type-III software, such systems were supported by IBM.
Paradosi Ballet Company
Paradosi Ballet Company is a professional Christian dance company and ballet ministry based in Tacoma, Washington.  
Founded in 2007, Paradosi is recognized as the first professional Christian ballet company in the Pacific Northwest.  
The organization operates as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit and includes a touring company, an apprentice and ballet trainee program, and an affiliated school, the Surrendered School of Dance.

Classical ballet
Classical ballet is any of the traditional, formal styles of ballet that exclusively employ classical ballet technique. It is known for its aesthetics and rigorous technique (such as pointe work, turnout of the legs, and high extensions), its flowing, precise movements, and its ethereal qualities.

There are stylistic variations related to an area or origin, which are denoted by classifications such as Russian ballet, French ballet, British ballet and Italian ballet. For example, Russian ballet features high extensions and dynamic turns, whereas Italian ballet tends to be more grounded, with a focus on fast, intricate footwork. Many of the stylistic variations are associated with specific training methods that have been named after their originators. Despite these variations, the performance and vocabulary of classical ballet are largely consistent throughout the world.
Dystrophic lake
Dystrophic lakes, also known as humic lakes, are lakes that contain high amounts of humic substances and organic acids. The presence of these substances causes the water to be brown in colour and have a generally low pH of around 4.0-6.0. The presence of humic substances are mainly due to certain plants in the watersheds of the lakes, such as peat mosses and conifers. Due to these acidic conditions, few taxa are able to survive, consisting mostly of aquatic plants, algae, phytoplankton, picoplankton, and bacteria. Dystrophic lakes can be found in many areas of the world, especially in the northern boreal regions.

Picoplankton
Picoplankton is the fraction of plankton composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 μm that can be either prokaryotic and eukaryotic phototrophs and heterotrophs:

photosynthetic Main article: Photosynthetic picoplankton

heterotrophic Main article: Heterotrophic picoplankton

They are prevalent amongst microbial plankton communities of both freshwater and marine ecosystems. They have an important role in making up a significant portion of the total biomass of phytoplankton communities.
Cronulla sand dunes
The Cronulla sand dunes, also known officially as the Cronulla Sand Dune and Wanda Beach Coastal Landscape, are an open space, heritage-listed nature conservation, and visitor attraction located south of Sydney on the Kurnell Peninsula at Lindum Road, Kurnell, New South Wales. Formerly, it was a site for sand mining, film making, and had use as pastoral property. It is also known as part of Kurnell Peninsula Headland and Cronulla Sand Hill. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 26 September 2003.

Dharawal
Dharawal is a term referring to the groups of Aboriginal Australian people who shared the Dharawal language. Traditionally, they lived in defined hunter–fisher–gatherer family groups or clans with ties of kinship, along the coastal area through what is now the Wollongong, Port Kembla, and Nowra regions of New South Wales.
Mostarsko Blato
Mostarsko Blato is a karst field and a seasonal karstic wetland (blato), forming as waters are collecting in a temporary karstic lake during a springtime. Blato is situated in the area of Široki Brijeg and Mostar, in Bosnia and Herzegovina. On the edge of the field are numerous villages and settlements.

Mostar
Mostar (pronounced [mǒstaːr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative centre of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina.

Mostar is situated on the Neretva River and is the fifth-largest city in the country. Mostar was named after the bridge keepers (mostari) who guarded the Stari Most (Old Bridge) over the Neretva during the Ottoman era. The Old Bridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most visited landmarks, and is considered an exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkans.
SNAFU
SNAFU is an acronym that is widely used to stand for the sarcastic expression "Situation normal: all fucked up". It is an example of military acronym slang. It is sometimes censored to "all fouled up" or similar. It means that the situation is bad, but that this is a normal state of affairs. The acronym is believed to have originated in the United States Marine Corps during World War II.

In modern usage, SNAFU is used to describe running into an error or problem that is large and unexpected. For example, in 2005, The New York Times published an article titled "Hospital Staff Cutback Blamed for Test Result Snafu". SNAFU also sometimes refers to a bad situation, mistake, or cause of trouble, and it is sometimes used as an interjection.

Military slang
Military slang is an array of colloquial terminology used commonly by military personnel, including slang which is unique to or originates with the armed forces. In English-speaking countries, it often takes the form of abbreviations/acronyms or derivations of the NATO Phonetic Alphabet, or otherwise incorporates aspects of formal military terms and concepts. Military slang is often used to reinforce or reflect (usually friendly and humorous) interservice rivalries.
County of Schaumburg
The County of Schaumburg (German: Grafschaft Schaumburg), until ca. 1485 known as Schauenburg,  was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Lower Saxony.  Its territory was more or less congruent with the present district Landkreis Schaumburg.

Adolf IV of Holstein
Adolf IV (before 1205 – 8 July 1261) was a Count of Schauenburg (1225–1238) and of Holstein (1227–1238), of the House of Schaumburg. Adolf was the eldest son of Adolf III of Schauenburg and Holstein by his second wife, Adelheid of Querfurt.
Habibullah Kalakani
Habibullah Kalakani, (‎born Habibullah Khan; 1870 or 1891 – 1 November 1929) titularly known as Habibullah Khan III, and derogatively known as "Bacha-yi Saqaw", was the Emir of Afghanistan from 17 January to 13 October 1929, and the former leader of the Saqqawists. During the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), he captured vast swathes of Afghanistan and ruled Kabul during what is known in Afghan historiography as the "Saqqawist period". No country recognized Kalakani as ruler of Afghanistan.

During the 1928–1929 Afghan Civil War, he contested the Afghan throne with King Amanullah Khan. After defeating Amanullah, he was eventually defeated by Mohammad Nadir Shah. Khalilullah Khalili, a noted historian and Kohistani poet laureate, depicted King Habibullah Kalakani as the "best manager of governmental imports and exports".

Musahiban
The Musahiban (mus-hi-been; the name derives from Persian مصاحب Muṣāḥib, meaning "courtier" or "aide de camp") are a Mohammadzai family who founded the Afghan Barakzai dynasty, and members of the royal lineage that ruled Afghanistan as emir, king or president from 1823 to 1978. They descend from Sultan Mohammad Khan Telai (1795–1861) and his older brother Emir Dost Mohammad Khan (1792–1863), and were the last rulers of the Mohammadzai dynasty before being overthrown in the Saur Revolution in April 1978.
Loch na h-Oidhche
Loch na h-Oidhche (Loch of the Night) is a remote freshwater loch lying between Loch Torridon and Loch Maree in the Flowerdale Forest, Wester Ross, Scotland. It is approximately 4.5 mi (7.2 km) north of the small village of Torridon and 8 mi (13 km) southeast of Gairloch.

The loch is oblong in shape and trends north by northwest to south by southeast.  It drains by a bifurcated stream and several small lochs into Loch Maree and Loch Gairloch. The surrounding area is mountainous with Beinn an Eoin to the east and Baosbheinn to the west.  The loch was surveyed on 7 August 1902 by T.N. Johnston and John Hewitt and later charted as part of the Sir John Murray and Laurence Pullar's Bathymetrical Survey of Fresh-Water Lochs of Scotland 1897-1909.

Wild brown trout are known to inhabit the loch.

Loch Torridon
Loch Torridon (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Thoirbheartan) is a sea loch on the west coast of Scotland in the Northwest Highlands.  The loch was created by glacial processes and is in total around 15 miles (25 km) long. It has two sections: Upper Loch Torridon to landward, east of Rubha na h-Airde Ghlaise, at which point it joins Loch Sheildaig; and the main western section of Loch Torridon proper. Loch a' Chracaich and Loch Beag are small inlets on the southern shores of the outer Loch, which joins the Inner Sound between the headlands of Rubha na Fearna to the south and Red Point to the north.

The name Thoirbhearta has a similar root to Tarbert and indicates a place where boats were dragged overland.