hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sukhothai Palace
Sukhothai Palace or Sukhodaya Palace (Thai: วังศุโขทัย; RTGS: Wang Sukhothai) is a royal residence situated on Samsen Road in Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is nearby to Dusit Palace and Vajira Hospital. The palace was the residence of King Prajadhipok (King Rama VII) and King Vajiralongkorn (King Rama X) before they ascended to the throne. It has since become the official residence of Princess Bajrakitiyabha and Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana.

Dusit district
Dusit (Thai: ดุสิต, pronounced [dù(ʔ).sìt]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand.

The district is the administrative centre of the kingdom, as both the National Assembly and Dusit Palace are in the district, as are several ministries. It is connected to Rattanakosin Island by Ratchadamnoen Avenue (literally, 'royal way for travelling').

Neighbouring districts are, clockwise from north, Bang Sue, Phaya Thai, Ratchathewi, Pathum Wan, Pom Prap Sattru Phai, Phra Nakhon, and across the Chao Phraya River, Bang Phlat.
Louis de Tousard
Louis de Tousard (1749–1817) was a French artillerist who served in the American Continental Army under La Fayette, and later was given a US commission. Tousard wrote two very influential books: one was a proposal for a school for officers that became the blueprint for West Point, and the other was a manual for artillery officers that became standard in the young army.

David A. Hounshell
David Allen Hounshell (born 1950) is an American academic. He is the David M. Roderick Professor of Technology and Social Change in the Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Department of History, and the Department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University. He is known for his work of the history of research and development and industrial research in the United States, particularly at DuPont.
Camilla Herrem
Camilla Herrem (born 8 October 1986) is a Norwegian handball player for Sola HK and formerly the Norwegian national team.

Considered one of the best wing players of her generation, Herrem known for her speed and her affinity for spin and trick shots.

Her international achievements include two Olympic gold medals, three World Championship gold medals, and five gold medals at the European Championship. She became the most successful player in World Championships history with three gold, one silver and one bronze medal by winning the 2021 World Championship.

2020 European Women's Handball Championship
The 2020 European Women's Handball Championship was held from 3 to 20 December 2020. The games were played in Herning and Kolding, Denmark.

Originally, this tournament would be held with 2 host countries: Norway and Denmark. However, lacking some time for the beginning, Norway renounced the right to seat, respecting the local legislation about the COVID-19 pandemic.

The tournament was also one of the qualification events for the 2021 World Women's Handball Championship. It was also played behind closed doors due to the pandemic.

Norway won the tournament for the eighth time after defeating France in the final. Croatia won the third place game to capture their first ever medal.
Massively parallel quantum chemistry
Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry (MPQC) is an ab initio computational chemistry software program. Three features distinguish it from other quantum chemistry programs such as Gaussian and GAMESS: it is open-source, has an object-oriented design, and is created from the beginning as a parallel processing program. It is available in Ubuntu and Debian.

MPQC provides implementations for a number of important methods for calculating electronic structure, including Hartree–Fock, Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (including its explicitly correlated linear R12 versions), and density functional theory.

Gaussian (software)
Gaussian /ˈɡaʊs.i.ən/ is a general purpose computational chemistry software package initially released in 1970 by John Pople and his research group at Carnegie Mellon University as Gaussian 70. It has been continuously updated since then. The name  originates from Pople's use of Gaussian orbitals to speed up molecular electronic structure calculations as opposed to using Slater-type orbitals, a choice made to improve performance on the limited computing capacities of then-current computer hardware for Hartree–Fock calculations. The current version of the program is Gaussian 16. Originally available through the Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange, it was later licensed out of Carnegie Mellon University, and since 1987 has been developed and licensed by Gaussian, Inc.
Engesvang
Engesvang is a town with a population of 2,190 (1 January 2025), in Ikast-Brande Municipality, Denmark. It is located 58 km north of Vejle, 5 km northeast of Bording and 33 km south of Viborg. The road between Vejle and Viborg (Danish national road 13) crosses the Aarhus-Herning motorway on a bridge 4 km south of Engesvang, just south of the small village of Pårup.

The town is a railway town between Silkeborg and Ikast, served by Engesvang railway station on the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line.

Engesvang Church, build in 1897, is located in the original village of Engesvang Kirkeby on the northwestern outskirts of the town.

Engesvang is located just west of Bølling Lake a shallow lake used extensively for recreation.

Bording, Denmark
Bording is a railway town, with a population of 2,439 (1 January 2025), in Ikast-Brande Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark.

Bording is located between Silkeborg and Ikast at the  Danish national road 15. It is served by Bording railway station on the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line.
Attichy
Attichy (French pronunciation: [atiʃi]) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France. The current village has a bakery, a library with a detailed history during the First and Second World War, a hospital for the elderly, a pizzeria and a town hall with limited tourist information. During the Second World War, the Americans established a Prisoner of War camp at Attichy (Chelles)

Nearby towns: Compiègne, Beauvais, Reims.
Closest villages: Couloisy, Jaulzy, Bitry, Berneuil-sur-Aisne, Croutoy, Saint-Pierre-lès-Bitry, Trosly-Breuil.

Compiègne
Compiègne (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃pjɛɲ] ⓘ; Picard: Compiène) is a commune in the Oise department of northern France. It is located on the river Oise,  and its inhabitants are called Compiégnois ([kɔ̃pjeɲwa]).
Mohamed Salmeen
Mohamed Ahmed Youssef Salmeen (Arabic: مُحَمَّد أَحْمَد يُوسُف سَالِمَيْن; born 4 November 1980) is a Bahraini former professional footballer who played for Muharraq and the Bahrain national team. He was captain of the Bahrain national team and wore the number 10 jersey for his club and country. He is the son of Bahraini footballer Ahmed Salmeen. Salmeen participated in three World Cup qualifying campaigns.

He played in Qatar from 2004 to 2007 with Al-Arabi.

2004 AFC Asian Cup
The 2004 AFC Asian Cup was the 13th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It was held from 17 July to 7 August 2004 in China. The defending champions Japan defeated China in the final in Beijing.

The tournament was marked by Saudi Arabia's unexpected failure to even make it out of the first round; a surprisingly good performance by Bahrain, which finished in fourth place; Jordan, which reached the quarterfinals in its first appearance and Indonesia, which gained their historical first Asian Cup win against Qatar. The final match between China and Japan was marked by post-match rioting by Chinese fans near the north gate of Beijing Workers' Stadium, in part due to controversial officiating and anti-Japanese sentiment resulting from historical tensions.
Witch trials in Portugal
The Witch trials in Portugal were perhaps the fewest in all of Europe. Similar to the Spanish Inquisition in neighboring Spain, the Portuguese Inquisition preferred to focus on the persecution of heresy and did not consider witchcraft to be a priority. In contrast to the Spanish Inquisition, however, the Portuguese Inquisition was much more efficient in preventing secular courts from conducting witch trials, and therefore almost managed to keep Portugal free from witch trials. Only seven people are known to have been executed for sorcery in Portugal.

Witch trials in the early modern period
In the early modern period, from about 1400 to 1775, about 100,000 people were prosecuted for witchcraft in Europe and  British America. Between 40,000 and 60,000 were executed, almost all in Europe. The witch hunts were particularly severe in parts of the Holy Roman Empire. Prosecutions for witchcraft reached a high point from 1560 to 1630, during the Counter-Reformation and the European wars of religion. Among the lower classes, accusations of witchcraft were usually made by neighbors, and women and men made formal accusations of witchcraft. Magical healers or 'cunning folk' were sometimes prosecuted for witchcraft, but seem to have made up a minority of the accused. Roughly 80% of those convicted were women, most of them over the age of 40. In some regions, convicted witches were burnt at the stake, the traditional punishment for religious heresy.
Bobby Morrow
Bobby Joe Morrow (October 15, 1935 – May 30, 2020) was an American sprinter who won three gold medals at the 1956 Olympics. He has been called "the dominant sprinter of the 1950s" and "the most relaxed sprinter of all time, even more so than his hero Jesse Owens".

National Track and Field Hall of Fame
The National Track and Field Hall of Fame is a museum operated by The Armory Foundation in conjunction with USA Track & Field. It is located within the Armory Foundation (the former Fort Washington Avenue Armory) at 216 Fort Washington Avenue, between 168th and 169th Streets, in Washington Heights, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. The stated goal of the Hall is to reflect upon, appreciate, and honor the past by saluting Americans who have made important contributions to the history of Track and Field. Inductees to the Hall of Fame include athletes, coaches, contributors, officials, event directors, journalists and administrators. USA Track & Field has been inducting members into the Hall since 1974.  Currently there are 254 people enshrined.
2025 Rio Ladies Open
The 2025 Rio Ladies Open was the first edition of the Rio Ladies Open, a  professional woman's WTA 125 tournament held on outdoor clay courts at the Techset Academy, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was part of the 2025 WTA 125 tournaments.

It took place between 13 and 19 October, 2025. This was the first time WTA tennis returned to Rio de Janeiro after the WTA 250 Rio Open last staged the women's edition in 2016.

WTA 250 tournaments
WTA 250 is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021. Earlier these events were classified as WTA International Tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 250. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("Major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 500 for winning a WTA 500 tournament.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 250 tournaments' prize money was approximately $250,000. As of 2025 season, this has risen to $275,094. All tournaments have a 32 player main draw for singles and a 16 team main draw for doubles.
NTC Module
NTC Module (Research Center "Module") is a Russian scientific technological center (R&D production enterprise), founded in 1990  by the two enterprises of Russian military–industrial complex: NPO Vympel and NII Radiopriborostroyeniye.

Conducting an applied researches in the field of digital pattern recognition technologies and the development of DSP and DIP hardware, constructing functionally complete computing complexes on this basis.

Developer of a well-known microprocessor series NeuroMatrix.

The embedded computers designed by NTC Module are used in the industrial, avionics and space applications including International Space Station. In particular, the MBC186 is installed at "Zarya" module and the service module of ISS; "Yamal" telecommunication satellite.

Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering
The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) is a Russian electronics company specializing in the development and manufacturing of radar equipment. It is a subsidiary of the Almaz-Antey group.
Chal Kola
Chal Kola (Persian: چال كلا, also Romanized as Chāl Kolā) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 240, in 44 families.

Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District
Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان طيبي سرحدئ غربي) is in Charusa District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, in southwestern Iran. It is administered from the city of Qaleh Raisi.
Andreas Thom
Andreas Thom (born 7 September 1965) is a German former professional footballer who played as a forward for BFC Dynamo, Bayer Leverkusen, Celtic and Hertha BSC. He played 51 times for East Germany throughout the 1980s and played ten times for the unified Germany national team in the early 1990s. He is now retired from playing and works as a youth coach at Hertha BSC.

Footballer of the Year (Germany)
The title Footballer of the Year (German: Fußballer des Jahres) has been awarded in West Germany from 1960 to 1990 and Germany since 1991. Eligible are German players as well as non-German players playing in Germany.

In 1996, the title Women's Footballer of the Year (German: Fußballerin des Jahres) was awarded for the first time. Both awards are determined by a poll of German football journalists from the Association of German Sports Journalists (Verband Deutscher Sportjournalisten) and the publication kicker.

The current titleholders are Florian Wirtz of Liverpool and Ann-Katrin Berger of NJ/NY Gotham FC tied with Giulia Gwinn of FC Bayern Munich. In 2004, Brazilian Aílton became the first foreign player to attain the honour.
Shwemokhtaw Pagoda
Shwemokhtaw Pagoda (Burmese: ရွှေမုဋ္ဌောစေတီ) is a Buddhist pagoda in Pathein, Myanmar (formerly Bassein, Burma). It is bounded by Merchant St, Strand, Mahabandoola Road and Shwezedi Road. At its southern pavilion is a revered image of the Buddha, Thiho-shin Phondawpyi (သီဟိုဠ်ရှင် ဘုန်းတော်ပြည့် ဘုရား). It hosts a pagoda festival during the full moon of Kason (April/May), marking Visakha.

According to tradition, Shwemokhtaw Pagoda was founded by King Asoka of India in 305 BC. Bagan's King Alaungsithu raised the height of the stupa to 11 metres (36 ft) in 1115 AD, and the Mon King Samodogossa raised it to 131 feet (40 m) in 1263. It is now 153 feet (47 m) tall, its top tier made of 13.9 pounds (6.3 kg) of solid gold, the middle tier of pure silver and the bottom tier of bronze, with some 829 diamonds, 843 rubies and 1588 semiprecious stones.

Burmese pagoda
Burmese pagodas are stupas that typically house Buddhist relics, including relics associated with Buddha. Pagodas feature prominently in Myanmar's landscape, earning the country the moniker "land of pagodas." Several cities in the country, including Mandalay and Bagan, are known for their abundance of pagodas. Pagodas are the site of seasonal pagoda festivals.

Burmese pagodas are enclosed in a compound known as the aran (အာရာမ်, from Pali ārāma), with gateways called mok (မုခ်, from Pali mukha) at the four cardinal directions. The platform surrounding a Burmese pagoda is called a yinbyin (ရင်ပြင်).

According to 2016 statistics compiled by the State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee, Myanmar is home to 1,479 pagodas exceeding 27 feet (8.2 m) in height, a quarter of which are located in Sagaing Region.
Rusumo District
Rusumo was a district (akarere) in the former Rwandan province of Kibungo. The district was abolished, along with the Kibungo Province, during local government reorganisation in 2006. The area covered by the Rusumo district is now contained in the larger Kirehe District, within the Eastern Province. Population: 149,643 (2002 figures); area: 601 square kilometers.  It is separated from Tanzania by the Kagera River, which is distinguished by the Rusumo Falls.

Rusumo Falls
Rusumo Falls (French: Chutes Rusumo) is a waterfall located on the Kagera river on the border between Rwanda and Tanzania, part of the most distant headwaters of the river Nile. The falls are approximately 15 m (49 ft) high and 40 m (130 ft) wide and have formed on Precambrian schists and quartz–phyllites.

Although the falls themselves are not of significant height in comparison to other waterfalls, they have played an important part in the history of Rwanda because they form the only bridging point on the river in that area.
Vitreous base
The vitreous base is an area in the fundus of the eye in which the vitreous membrane, neural retina, and pigment epithelium all are firmly adherent, one to the other. The vitreous membrane is more firmly attached to the retina anteriorly at the vitreous base. The vitreous membrane does not normally detach from the vitreous base, although it can be detached with extreme trauma. Vitreous base detachment is typically associated with blunt ocular trauma.

Retinal pigment epithelium
The pigmented layer of retina or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells.
Dexia
Dexia N.V./S.A., or the Dexia Group, is a Franco-Belgian financial institution formed in 1996. At its peak in 2010, it had about 35,200 members of staff and a core shareholders' equity of €19.2 billion.

In 2008, the bank entered severe financial difficulties and received taxpayer bailouts for €6 billion, and it became the first big casualty of the 2011 European sovereign debt crisis. Due to big losses, suffered among others from the debt haircut on Greek government bonds, its Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio became negative during the second half of 2011, and an orderly resolution process began in October 2011.

As part of the resolution, Dexia Bank Belgium was bought out from the Dexia group by the Belgian state and has continued to operate, since March 2012 under the new name Belfius. The French bank focused on local government lending was restructured as SFIL. The remaining part of the Dexia group was left in a "bad bank", still called Dexia, to be gradually wound down.

La Banque postale
La Banque postale (French pronunciation: [la bɑ̃k pɔstal], lit. 'The Postal Bank') is a French postal bank, created on 1 January 2006 as a subsidiary of La Poste, the national postal service.

It has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.
Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre
Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN–SPACe) is a single-window autonomous agency under the Department of Space of the Government of India. The establishment of IN–SPACe was announced in June 2020 by the Minister of State for Space Jitendra Singh, with the Union Cabinet approving its creation.

In the same month Secretary (Space) and chairperson of ISRO, K. Sivan, said that it would take up to six months to operationalize IN–SPACe, with the Department of Space handling its functions in the meantime.

Chairperson of ISRO
The Chairperson of the Indian Space Research Organisation is the statutory head of ISRO. The officeholder is a secretary to the Government of India and an executive of the Department of Space (DoS) which directly reports to the Prime Minister of India.

The Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) was founded in 1962 under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) with Vikram Sarabhai as its chairperson which in 1969 became ISRO. In 1972, government of India had set up a space commission and DoS and brought ISRO under DoS.

Since Sarabhai has assumed the position, there have been eleven chairmen of the ISRO, with Satish Dhawan serving the longest term of 12 years as the chairman.

Recently on 8 January 2025, The Central Government has appointed Dr. V. Narayanan, currently the director of Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), Thiruvananthapuram, as the new chairperson of ISRO, and also as the secretary of the DoS.
Light rail in North America
Light rail is a commonly used mode of public transit in North America. The term light rail was coined in 1972 by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA; the precursor to the U.S. Federal Transit Administration) to describe new streetcar transformations which were taking place in Europe and the United States. The Germans used the term Stadtbahn, which is the predecessor to North American light rail, to describe the concept, and many in UMTA wanted to adopt the direct translation, which is city rail. However, in its reports, UMTA finally adopted the term light rail instead.

Toronto streetcar system
The Toronto streetcar system is a network of eleven streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It is the third busiest light-rail system in North America. The network is concentrated primarily in Downtown Toronto and in proximity to the city's waterfront. Much of the streetcar route network dates from the second half of the 19th century. Three streetcar routes operate in their own right-of-way, one in a partial right-of-way, and six operate on street trackage shared with vehicular traffic with streetcars stopping on demand at frequent stops like buses. Since 2020, the network has operated using only low-floor streetcars, making it fully accessible.

Toronto's streetcars provide most of the downtown core's surface transit service. Four of the TTC's five most heavily used surface routes are streetcar routes. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 79,295,000, or about 223,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
Government Chief Commercial Officer
The Government Chief Commercial Officer, formerly the Chief Procurement Officer, is a director-general-graded job in the British Civil Service, working in the Cabinet Office. They lead across government on procuring goods and services, and planning commercial needs. They head the Government Commercial Function, one of the official vertical groupings of professionals working with the service. The GCCO reports directly to the Permanent Secretary of the Cabinet Office in their role as Chief Executive of the Civil Service.

Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary
The Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary is the second-most senior civil servant of the Cabinet Office. It was conventionally joined with the positions of Cabinet Secretary and Head of the Civil Service. This triple role was disbanded in January 2012 after Gus O'Donnell retired.

Due to the Cabinet Office having expanded and taken on new responsibilities since the 2010 election, including cutting costs and driving efficiency across government, it is led by a dedicated Permanent Secretary.

The current Permanent Secretary of the Cabinet Office is Cat Little.