hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Sea Islander Wall
South Sea Islander Wall is a heritage-listed plantation at Grange Road, Mon Repos, Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built circa 1884 by South Sea Islander labour. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 1 October 2001.

Bundaberg Region
The Bundaberg Region is a local government area in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia, about 360 kilometres (220 mi) north of Brisbane, the state capital. It is centred on the city of Bundaberg, and also contains a significant rural area surrounding the city. It was created in 2008 from a merger of the City of Bundaberg with the Shires of Burnett, Isis and Kolan.

The Bundaberg Regional Council, which administers the Region, has an estimated operating budget of A$89 million.

In the 2021 census, the Bundaberg Region had a population of 99,215 people.
2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup began on 29 June with the quarter-finals and ended on 7 July 2019 with the final at Soldier Field in Chicago.

All match times listed are EDT (UTC−4), as listed by CONCACAF. If the venue is located in a different time zone, the local time is also given.

2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 15th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup, the biennial international men's soccer championship of the North, Central American, and Caribbean region organized by CONCACAF. The tournament was primarily hosted in the United States, with Costa Rica and Jamaica hosting double-headers in the first round of matches in groups B and C, respectively.

The United States were the defending champions, having won the 2017 tournament. With the abolition of the FIFA Confederations Cup, the CONCACAF Cup was annulled and the Gold Cup did not qualify the winner to a major tournament for the first time since 2009.

In February 2018, CONCACAF announced that the tournament would expand to 16 teams from 12.

Mexico won their record-extending eighth Gold Cup title (their eleventh CONCACAF championship overall) with their 1–0 victory over the United States in the final.
Israel–South Sudan relations
Israel recognised South Sudan on 10 July 2011, a day after South Sudan became an independent state. On 15 July, South Sudan announced that it intended to have full diplomatic relations with Israel. On 28 July, Israel announced that it had established full diplomatic ties with South Sudan. At the moment ties are primarily economic, though the political facet is an integral feature.

First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') was fought from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region which demanded representation and more regional autonomy. The war was divided into four major stages: initial guerrilla warfare, the creation of the Anyanya insurgency, political strife within the government, and establishment of the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement. Around a million people died over the course of the nearly 17-year long war.

Although the Addis Ababa Agreement ended the war in 1972, it failed to completely dispel the tensions and addressed only some of the issues stated by southern Sudan. The breakdown of the initial appeasement later led to a reigniting of the north–south conflict during the Second Sudanese Civil War, which lasted from 1983 to 2005.
New England Newspapers, Inc.
New England Newspapers Inc. (NENI) is a newspaper publisher based in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. It publishes The Berkshire Eagle.

In 2016, New England Newspapers was purchased from Digital First Media by a group of Berkshire-based investors. In 2021, New England Newspapers announced they were selling three newspapers and a magazine from Vermont to Vermont News and Media. After selling their properties in Vermont, the company states they are now "fully focused on producing and distributing content focused on the Berkshires."

MediaNews Group
MNG Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Digital First Media and MediaNews Group, is a Denver, Colorado, United States–based newspaper publisher owned by Alden Global Capital. As of May 2021, it owns over 100 newspapers and 200 assorted other publications.
Lionel Tan
Lionel Tan Han Wei (陈汉玮, born 5 June 1997), better known as Lionel Tan or just Lionel, is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays either as a centre-back or right-back for Singapore Premier League club Lion City Sailors and the Singapore national team.

Lionel was with the National Football Academy after graduating from Singapore Sports School. In 2016, Lionel started his career with Home United's Prime League team. Subsequently, in 2017, he moved to Hougang United. His performance at the youth level led to him being nominated for the 2014 Dollah Kassim Award although he did not win it in the end.

2023 Singapore Cup
The 2023 Singapore Cup will be the 24th edition of the Singapore Cup, Singapore's annual premier club football knock-out tournament organised by the Football Association of Singapore.

Hougang United is the defending champions, having won the tournament in 2022 after defeating defending champions Tampines Rovers 3–2 in the final to win their inaugural Singapore Cup.
Synchronistic Wanderings
Synchronistic Wanderings is a compilation album by American rock singer Pat Benatar. Spanning three discs, it is a box set chronicling her career from 1979 to 1999. Included are soundtrack contributions, B-sides, studio outtakes, previously unreleased songs, and rarities, as well as well-known singles. The accompanying booklet chronicles her career, discussing her ups and downs and giving additional commentary and background on most of the included songs from Benatar and husband Neil Giraldo.

Among the previously unreleased tracks are a cover of Roy Orbison's "Crying", a demo of "Love Is a Battlefield", a live version of "I Need a Lover", part 1 of "Rise" (from her 1993 album Gravity's Rainbow), a live performance of "Run Between the Raindrops" (from Seven the Hard Way), and a remix of "Every Time I Fall Back" (also from Gravity's Rainbow).

Gravity's Rainbow (album)
Gravity's Rainbow is the ninth studio album and tenth album overall by American singer Pat Benatar. It was released in 1993 on Chrysalis Records. The album is named after Thomas Pynchon's 1973 novel of the same name, but was not otherwise directly inspired by the novel. It peaked at No. 85 on the US Billboard 200, Gravity's Rainbow would be Benatar's last studio album recorded for Chrysalis.
Vanishing moment
Vanishing moments are a fundamental concept in wavelet theory, signal processing, and functional analysis. They describe a property of a wavelet or function, wherein certain integrals of the function against polynomial terms up to a specific degree vanish. This property is crucial in determining the ability of a wavelet to represent and compress signals effectively. It is used to evaluate whether the mother wavelet effectively captures high-frequency components of a signal.

Even and odd functions
In mathematics,  an even function is a real function such that  for every  in its domain. Similarly, an odd function is a function such that  for every  in its domain.

They are named for the parity of the powers of the power functions which satisfy each condition: the function  is even if n is an even integer, and it is odd if n is an odd  integer.

Even functions are those real functions whose graph is self-symmetric with respect to the y-axis, and odd functions are those whose graph is self-symmetric with respect to the origin.

If the domain of a real function is self-symmetric with respect to the origin, then the function can be uniquely decomposed as the sum of an even function and an odd function.
1946–47 Western Football League
The 1946–47 season was the 45th in the history of the Western Football League.

The league was again split into two divisions for the first time since the 1938–39 season, with seventeen new clubs having joined. The champions for the second time in their history were Trowbridge Town, and the winners of Division Two were Clandown. A system of automatic promotion and relegation was introduced for the first time, and due to the severe winter, several fixtures were not fulfilled and the season was abandoned on 5 June 1947.

1938–39 Western Football League
The 1938–39 season was the 42nd in the history of the Western Football League.

The Division One champions for the second time were Lovells Athletic, after finishing bottom the previous season. The winners of Division Two for the second consecutive season were Trowbridge Town. There was again no promotion or relegation between the two divisions this season, and the league was restructured before the 1939–40 season following the outbreak of World War II.
Talat Phlu railway station
Talat Phlu railway station  is a railway station located in Talat Phlu subdistrict, Thon Buri district, Bangkok. It is a class 2 railway station and serves Talat Phlu community. It is located in a different location to Talat Phlu BTS station. Currently, 34 rail services operate at the station.

Thon Buri district
Thon Buri (Thai: ธนบุรี, pronounced [tʰōn būrīː]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. On the west bank of Chao Phraya River, it was once part of Thon Buri province.  Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Bangkok Yai, Phra Nakhon (across Chao Phraya River), Khlong San, Bang Kho Laem (across Chao Phraya), Rat Burana, Chom Thong, and Phasi Charoen.
North Hadley Historic District
The North Hadley Historic District encompasses the historic rural village of North Hadley, located between Mount Warner and the Connecticut River in Hadley, Massachusetts.  It includes properties on River Drive between Stockwell Road and Stockbridge Street, and includes properties on French, Meadow and Mt. Warner Streets.  It is a well-preserved example of a rural farming and mill community, with architecture dating from the late 18th to early 20th centuries.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Hadley, Massachusetts
Hadley (/ˈhædli/ ⓘ, HAD-lee) is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,325 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area around the Hampshire and Mountain Farms Malls along Route 9 is a major shopping destination for the surrounding communities.
William Henry Allen (academician)
William Henry Allen (March 27, 1808 – August 29, 1882) was an American professor and academic administrator. A graduate of Bowdoin College, he served as acting president of Dickinson College from 1847 until 1848, and later was selected as the second president of the Pennsylvania State University, serving from 1864 until 1866. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1858.

Dickinson College
Dickinson College is a private liberal arts college in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1773 as Carlisle Grammar School, Dickinson was chartered on September 9, 1783, making it the first college to be founded after the formation of the United States. Dickinson was founded by Benjamin Rush, a Founding Father and signer of the Declaration of Independence. The college is named in honor of John Dickinson, a Founding Father who voted to ratify the Constitution and later served as governor of Pennsylvania, and his wife Mary Norris Dickinson, who donated much of their extensive personal libraries to the new college.
Roswell Weidner
Roswell Weidner (September 18, 1911 – September 22, 1999) was an American artist known for his paintings, charcoal and pastel drawings, and prints. His subject matter included still life, landscapes, and portraits.  He was a student at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) city school and country school in Chester Springs, and the Barnes Foundation.

Weidner worked in the Works Progress Administration Arts Project during the Great Depression and in a shipyard as an expediter during World War II. Weidner began teaching at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1938. He was associated with the academy for 66 years, first as a student and later as a teacher, until his retirement in 1996.

Free Library of Philadelphia
The Free Library of Philadelphia is the public library system that serves the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the 16th-largest public library system in the United States. The Free Library of Philadelphia is a non-Mayoral agency of the City of Philadelphia governed by an independent Board of Trustees as per the Charter of the City of Philadelphia.

The Free Library of Philadelphia Foundation is a separate 501(c)(3) non-profit with its own board of directors and serves to support the mission of the Free Library of Philadelphia through philanthropic dollars.
Maynard K. Hine Hall and University Tower
Maynard K. Hine Hall and University Tower is a conjoined academic center and first-year student residence located on the Indiana University Indianapolis campus. The building is located north of Robert E. Cavanaugh Hall, Joseph T. Taylor Hall, and the Business/SPEA Building. The building serves as a hub of student activity with its close proximity to the IUPUI Campus Center to the southwest, Lockfield Green to its north, and the North Residence Hall to its northwest.

Indiana University North Residence Hall
Indiana University North Residence Hall is located at 820 W North Street in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S., on the Indiana University Indianapolis campus. Often referred to as North Hall, it is the first traditional student residence facility constructed on the Indianapolis campus since 1969.
Oststaat-Plan
The Oststaat-Plan (German pronunciation: [ˈɔststɑːt plˈɑːn] lit. 'Eastern State Plan'), was a plan developed after World War I by Adolf von Batocki to secure German sovereignty over the eastern provinces of Prussia despite Polish territorial demands after Poland's independence and the Greater Poland Uprising in 1918. The plan failed due to lack of support from the German government.

Province of Posen
The Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen; Polish: Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920, occupying most of the historical Greater Poland. The province was established following the Poznań Uprising of 1848 as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen, which in turn was annexed by Prussia in 1815 from Duchy of Warsaw. It became part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War I, Posen was briefly part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, but was dissolved in 1920 after the Greater Poland Uprising broke out and most of its territory was incorporated into the Second Polish Republic. The remaining German territory was re-organized into Posen-West Prussia in 1922.

Posen (present-day Poznań, Poland) was the provincial capital.
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
Walker Library is a public library in the East Isles neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.  It is on Hennepin Avenue one block north of Lake Street, adjoining the Midtown Greenway.

Walker and the 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008.

Midtown Greenway
The Midtown Greenway is a 5.7-mile (9.2 km) rail trail in Minneapolis, Minnesota, that follows the path of an abandoned route of the Milwaukee Road railway. It is considered under segregated cycle facilities.

Used both recreationally and for commuting, the partially below-grade Greenway runs east–west about one block north of Lake Street. It provides cyclists, inline skaters, runners and pedestrians an almost automobile-free route across the city.
Akhtar Mansur
Akhtar Mohammad Mansur (c. 1959 – 21 May 2016) was an Afghan militant who served as the second supreme leader of the Taliban from 2015 until his assassination in a US drone strike in Balochistan, Pakistan in 2016. He was a close aide and successor of the Taliban's founding leader, Mullah Omar.

United States president Barack Obama stated that Mansur was killed because he was planning attacks on US targets in Kabul. Obama hoped Mansur's death would lead to the Taliban joining a peace process.

Ahmed Wali Karzai
Ahmad Wali Karzai (Pashto: احمد ولي کرزی, Aḥmad Walī Karzay, 1961 – 12 July 2011) was an Afghan politician who served as Chairman of the Kandahar Provincial Council from 2005 until his assassination. He was the younger paternal half-brother of former Afghan President Hamid Karzai and an elder of the Popalzai tribe. Wali Karzai had formerly lived in the United States, where he managed a restaurant owned by his family. He returned to Afghanistan following the removal of the Taliban government in late 2001. He had been accused of political corruption and was allegedly on the CIA payroll. He was assassinated at his residence by one of his close bodyguards, Sardar Mohammad, on 12 July 2011.
Gorjane
Gorjane (pronounced [ɡɔɾˈjaːnɛ]) is a settlement west of Podsreda in the Municipality of Kozje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Podsreda
Podsreda (pronounced [pɔˈtsɾeːda]; German: Hörberg)  is a village in the Municipality of Kozje in eastern Slovenia. It is located near the Croatian border, in the traditional region of Styria. It is known for its market, which takes place every Sunday, and for Podsreda Castle, located above the village itself.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to John the Baptist and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was built between 1802 and 1810.

Podsreda Castle is a castle south of the main settlement.  It dates to around 1150 and is probably the best-preserved example of secular Romanesque architecture in Slovenia.  It features a typical 12th-century defensive tower (keep), a Romanesque chapel, and two wings from about the same period. The orderly, rectangular plan is also typical of the late Romanesque period.
2020 Ganja missile attacks
The Ganja ballistic missile attacks (Azerbaijani: Gəncə bombalanmaları) comprise four separate ballistic missile attacks on the city of Ganja, Azerbaijan, in October 2020, carried out by the Armenian military forces during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War.

The first attack took place on 4 October, killing one civilian and wounding over 30. The second attack occurred on 8 October; no casualties were reported. The third attack happened on 11 October. According to Azerbaijan's Foreign Ministry, at least seven people died and 33 were injured, including children. The fourth attack occurred on 17 October. According to initial reports, fifteen civilians were killed and fifty-five injured in the attack. Infrastructure was also destroyed, including apartment blocks and other buildings, and vehicles.

Scud missile
A Scud missile is one of a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It was exported widely to both Second and Third World countries. The term comes from the NATO reporting name attached to the missile by Western intelligence agencies. The Russian names for the missile are the R-11 (the first version), and the R-17 (later R-300) Elbrus (later developments). The name Scud has been widely used to refer to these missiles and the wide variety of derivative variants developed in other countries based on the Soviet design.

Scud missiles have been used in combat since the 1970s, mostly in wars in the Middle East. They became familiar to the Western public during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, when Iraq fired dozens at Saudi Arabia and Israel. In Russian service, it has been replaced by the 9K720 Iskander.
A Pass
Alexander Bagonza, better known by his stage name A Pass (and formerly APassKiller), is a Ugandan musician and songwriter. He was born in Uganda on 21 December 1989. A Pass states that his stage name comes from Alexander his first name and Pass from his picky nickname Percy.

Goodlyfe Crew
Radio & Weasel was a Ugandan music Duo that performed under their record label Goodlyfe Crew a Ugandan music group with lead performers being singers Moses Radio (born Moses Nakintije Ssekibogo) and Weasel Manizo (born Douglas Mayanja). Moses Radio provided smooth RnB vocals while Weasel's contribution is a fusion of reggae, ragga and dancehall vibes. Because of their prominence, Moses Radio and Weasel formed their own duo known as Radio and Weasel. The Lead singer Moses and Vocalist Radio died on 1 February 2018 from brain injuries after an assault by a bouncer at a club in Entebbe. Radio's attacker threw him down about 3 metres (9.8 ft) onto a concrete pavement which resulted in massive intracranial hemorrhage.
Radio and Weasel also formed The Goodlyfe Crew. The crew saw many changes in its set-up but at various times included Chagga, Lenin Briton, and Lawrence (Goodlyfe Crew). Many of its members had their own solo projects and collaborations.
Lipid-based nanoparticle
Lipid-based nanoparticles are very small spherical particles composed of lipids.  They are a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system (part of nanoparticle drug delivery), and a novel pharmaceutical formulation.  There are many subclasses of lipid-based nanoparticles such as: lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Sometimes the term "LNP" describes all lipid-based nanoparticles. In specific applications, LNPs describe a specific type of lipid-based nanoparticle, such as the LNPs used for the mRNA vaccine.

Using LNPs for drug delivery was first approved in 2018 for the siRNA drug Onpattro. LNPs became more widely known late in 2020, as some COVID-19 vaccines that use RNA vaccine technology coat the fragile mRNA strands with PEGylated lipid nanoparticles as their delivery vehicle (including both the Moderna and the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines).

Microemulsion
Microemulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant. The aqueous phase may contain salt(s) and/or other ingredients, and the "oil" may actually be a complex mixture of different hydrocarbons. In contrast to ordinary emulsions, microemulsions form upon simple mixing of the components and do not require the high shear conditions generally used in the formation of ordinary emulsions. The three basic types of microemulsions are direct (oil dispersed in water, o/w), reversed (water dispersed in oil, w/o) and bicontinuous.

In ternary systems such as microemulsions, where two immiscible phases (water and ‘oil’) are present with a surfactant, the surfactant molecules may form a monolayer at the interface between the oil and water, with the hydrophobic tails of the surfactant molecules dissolved in the oil phase and the hydrophilic head groups in the aqueous phase.
Ephraim Kibbey
Ephraim Kibbey (1754 or 1756 – 1809) was a United States soldier in the American Revolution, a frontiersman and early settler of Ohio, the leader of Mad Anthony Wayne's famous forty scouts in the Northwest Indian War, and a member of the 1st Ohio General Assembly.  He was a contemporary of Daniel Boone, Simon Kenton, Benjamin Stites and Simon Girty.

Simon Kenton
Simon Kenton (aka "Simon Butler") (April 3, 1755 – April 29, 1836) was a renowned American frontiersman, soldier, and pioneer who played a significant role in the settlement of Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio. He was a contemporary and friend of notable figures such as Daniel Boone, Isaac Shelby, and Thomas Hinde. Kenton served the United States in the American Revolutionary War, the Northwest Indian War, and the War of 1812.

He was captured by the Shawnee people in 1778, when they were allied with the British. He survived multiple gauntlets and ritual torture applied to war captives, and was said to be rescued by Simon Girty. He was later adopted by a Shawnee widow to replace her son and became a member of the tribe. His first son was born before any marriage; Kenton later married twice, and had a total of ten more children.