hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clara Thomas (academic)
Clara Thomas FRSC (née McCandless; May 22, 1919 – September 26, 2013) was a Canadian academic. A longtime professor of English at York University, she was one of the first academics to devote her work specifically to the study of Canadian literature, and was especially known for her studies of Canadian women writers such as Anna Brownell Jameson, Susanna Moodie, Catharine Parr Traill, Isabella Valancy Crawford and Margaret Laurence.

Catharine Parr Traill
Catharine Parr Traill (born Strickland; 9 January 1802 – 29 August 1899) was an English-Canadian author and naturalist who wrote about life in Canada, particularly what is now Ontario (then the colony of Upper Canada). In the 1830s, Canada covered an area considerably smaller than today. At the time, most of Upper Canada had not been explored by European settlers.

Throughout her long life, Traill wrote to generate income in support of her family. She wrote 24 books covering topics ranging from her life as a settler in Ontario to natural history, especially botany. Traill is considered a pioneer of Canada's natural history. Through her writing, she related the colonial experience and described the natural environment of Upper Canada for English readers.

Traill is considered an amateur botanist, because at the time, it was not possible for women to hold professional, paid positions.
Kutch Lacuna
Kutch Lacuna is a large intermittent lake on Titan.

It is located at 88.4°N and 217°W on Titan's surface and is 175km in length.  The lake is composed of liquid ethane and methane and was detected by the Cassini–Huygens space probe. Indications are that it is an intermittent lake and so was named in 2013 after the Great Rann of Kutch, India-Pakistan.

Lakes and rivers of Titan
Lakes of liquid ethane and methane exist on the surface of Titan, Saturn's largest moon. This was confirmed by the Cassini–Huygens space probe, as had been suspected since the 1980s. The large bodies of liquid are known as maria (seas) and the small ones as lacūs (lakes).
Kazakh art
The art of Kazakhstan covers all forms of art created throughout history by the peoples living on the territory of modern-day Kazakhstan. Throughout most periods, much of the population of Kazakhstan was nomadic, or at least moved regularly across the vast country. The great majority of the art of Kazakhstan is applied art: the decoration of practical objects, including household utensils and patterned harnesses, through art forms such as carpet-weaving, pottery, and leatherwork. The art of Kazakhstan also includes architecture, fine arts, and sculpture.

Although modern Kazakhs are often keen to assert its national character, Kazakh art has at most times been intimately connected with wider artistic styles, in particular the Scythian art of the first millennium BC, and Islamic art from the 8th century AD onwards. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Russian art was the dominant influence.

Ili River
The Ili River is a river in northwestern China and southeastern Kazakhstan. It flows from the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to the Almaty Region in Kazakhstan.

It is 1,439 kilometres (894 mi) long (including its source river the Tekes), 815 kilometres (506 mi) of which is in Kazakhstan. The river originates from the Tekes and Künes rivers in Eastern Tian Shan. The Ili drains the basin between the Tian Shan and the Borohoro Mountains. Flowing into Lake Balkhash (in the endorheic Balkhash-Alakol Basin), the Ili forms a large delta with vast wetland regions of lakes, marshes and vegetation.
National Forensic DNA Database of South Africa
The National Forensic DNA Database of South Africa (NFDD) is a national DNA database used in law enforcement in South Africa. The Criminal Law (Forensic Procedures) Amendment Act No. 37 of 2013 (the "DNA Act") provides for the expansion and administration of such a database in South Africa, enabling the South African Police Service (SAPS) to match forensic DNA profiles derived from samples collected at crime scenes with forensic DNA profiles of offenders convicted of, and suspects arrested for, offences listed in a new Schedule 8 of the amended Criminal Procedure Act of 1977.

Law enforcement in South Africa
Law enforcement in South Africa is primarily the responsibility of the South African Police Service (SAPS), South Africa's national police force. SAPS is responsible for investigating crime and security throughout the country. The "national police force is crucial for the safety of South Africa's citizens" and was established in accordance with the provisions of Section 205 of the Constitution of South Africa.
E-micro
An E-micro is a futures contract traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Globex electronic trading platform, that represents an even smaller fraction of the value of the normal futures contracts than the corresponding E-mini.

Currently, CME offers one E-micro stock market index contract, E-micro S&P CNX Nifty (Nifty 50) Futures, with a notional value of $2 x the S&P CNX Nifty index of Indian stocks, and E-micro contracts for a number of currency futures pegged against the US Dollar (AUD, CAD, CHF, EUR, GBP, JPY). E-micro gold futures contracts were introduced in October 2010.

On 11 March 2019 CME Group announced the launch of Micro E-mini futures on the S&P 500, Nasdaq-100, Russell 2000 and Dow Jones Industrial Average indexes. The new contracts will be one-tenth the size of existing E-mini futures, and are set to be available for trading in May 2019.

CME Group
CME Group Inc. (formerly Chicago Mercantile Exchange Holdings Inc.) is an American financial services company based in Chicago, Illinois. It operates financial derivatives exchanges, including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), and the Commodity Exchange (COMEX). The company owns 27% of S&P Dow Jones Indices. It is the world's largest operator of financial derivatives exchanges. Its exchanges are platforms for trading in agricultural products, currencies, energy, interest rates, metals, futures contracts, options, stock indexes, and cryptocurrencies futures.

Headquartered in Chicago, the company maintains offices in New York, Houston, and Washington D.C., in the United States, as well as abroad in Bangalore, India, Beijing, China, Belfast, Ireland, Calgary, Canada, Hong Kong, London, England, Seoul, Korea, Singapore, and Tokyo, Japan.
Administrative divisions of Novgorod Oblast
Administratively, Novgorod Oblast is divided into three cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-one districts.

In terms of the population, the biggest administrative district is Novgorodsky District (57,685 in 2010), the smallest ones are Poddorsky District (4,645) and Maryovsky District (4,673).

In terms of the area, the biggest administrative districts are Novgorodsky District (4,600 square kilometres (1,800 sq mi)) and Lyubytinsky District (4,500 square kilometres (1,700 sq mi)),  the smallest one is Volotovsky District (995 square kilometres (384 sq mi)).

Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (Russian: Тверская область, romanized: Tverskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. From 1935 to 1990, it was known as Kalinin Oblast (Russian: Калининская область). Population: 1,353,392 (2010 census).

Tver Oblast is a region of lakes, such as Seliger and Brosno. Much of the remaining area is occupied by the Valdai Hills, where the Volga, the Western Dvina, and the Dnieper have their source.

Tver Oblast is one of the tourist regions of Russia with a modern tourist infrastructure. There are many historic towns, such as Torzhok, Zubtsov, Kashin, Vyshny Volochyok, and Kalyazin. The oldest of these is Rzhev, primarily known for the Battles of Rzhev in World War II and the Rzhev Memorial. Staritsa was the seat of the last appanage principality in Russia, while Ostashkov, located on lake Seliger, is a major center of recreational and nature tourism.
Fath-Ali Khan Saheb Divan
Fath-Ali Khan Saheb Divan (1821 – 21 June 1858) was an Iranian treasurer who served as the saheb divan of the court of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar.

Saheb Divan was the eldest son of Ali Akbar Qavam ol-Molk from the Qavam family. His father named him in honour of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar.

He entered government work in 1840, when his father appointed him as the treasurer of Fars, he also arranged a marriage between Fath-Ali and Aziz ol-Dowleh, the daughter of Mohammad Shah Qajar. Fath-Ali worked in the treasury for eight years.

In 1848, Naser al-Din Shah bestowed him the title of saheb divan and made him the treasurer of his court. He gradually grew in the court and even became the minister of Mozaffar ad-Din Mirza at some point. His progress however was worrisome for Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri, thus on his behest, on 21 June 1858, a group of outlaws murdered Fath-Ali Khan on his way to the shah's palace.

Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri
Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri (Persian: میرزا آقا خان نوری), E'temad-ol Dowleh (اعتماد الدوله; born c. 1807 – died 1865) was a politician in Qajar Iran, who served as prime minister (صدر اعظم, "ṣadr-e aʿẓam") between 1851–58 during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (r.  1848–96). He was a prominent member of the Khajeh Nouri family.
Loui Sand
Loui Nelum Sandamali Sand (born Louise Sand; 27 December 1992 in Modara, Sri Lanka) is a Swedish handball player. In January 2019, Sand announced his retirement from handball due to gender dysphoria. In 2021, he made a comeback in handball, as he signed a contract with the Swedish Kärra HF's men's team, becoming the first trans professional handball player in Sweden.

Handbollsligan (women)
Handbollsligan is the highest division of women's handball in Sweden.  The inaugural Elitserien season took place in 1951, with Kvinnliga IK Sport winning the championship.

The league currently consists of 12 teams. The eight top teams at the end of every season continue to the playoffs, in which the quarterfinals and semifinals are played as a best-of-five series, unlike the final which is played as a single match. The champion is awarded a spot in the EHF Women's Champions League's qualification stage.

Historically, the women's Elitserien was dominated by IK Sävehof, with 17 championships.

For the 2016–2017 season, the name of the league was changed to Svensk Handbollselit. Until then, it was called Elitserien (English: the Elite League) (Swedish: Elitserien i handboll för damer). For the 2023–2024 season it changed name to "Handbollsligan", like the men's league.
Linkou Plateau
The Linkou Plateau (Chinese: 林口台地; pinyin: Línkǒu Táidì) is a plateau located along the southwest side of the Tamsui River, between Linkou District, New Taipei and Guishan District, Taoyuan, in northern Taiwan. It borders the Taipei Basin in the east, the Taoyuan Plateau in the southwest, the Taiwan Strait in the west, and the Tatun Volcanoes in the northeast. The Xinzhuang Fault (新莊斷層) and Shanjiao Fault (山腳斷層) run between the plateau and the Taipei Basin.

Tamsui River
The Tamsui River (alternatively Danshui River, Chinese: 淡水河) is the third longest river in Taiwan after Zhuoshui River and Gaoping River, with a total length of 158.7 km (98.6 mi), flowing through Hsinchu County, Taoyuan, Taipei and New Taipei City. It is located in the northern part of the island.
Rudi Wairata
Rudi Wairata aka Rudy Wairata(1929/1930 –1981) was an influential Indonesian musician who had fronted the Mena Moeria Minstrels and the Amboina Serenaders. Wairata's style of playing was influenced by Sol Hoʻopiʻi and Andy Iona. Along with George de Fretes he was a prominent musician in the genre of Hawaiian steel guitar music. His song "Rock'n Roll Breezes" may be the first Indo-rock song.

Andy Iona
Andy Iona (born Andrew Aiona Long, January 1, 1902 – November 9, 1966) was an American musician and one of Hawaii's most influential musicians. He was a composer, songwriter, conductor, saxophonist, and steel guitarist. He went to the Kamehameha School for Boys. He was also educated at Henri Berger's Private School of Music in Honolulu.

He was a member of the radio station KHS staff orchestra. He went on to form his own group called Andy Iona and his Islanders, which mixed traditional Hawaiian melodies with American swing; the band appeared in films, hotels, and theatres, and on records. He composed songs for the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers after joining in 1940, and recorded the music for two Soundies in 1941. Long toured with Sonja Henie for 12 years.

He married Leimomi Woodds and had three children.
Salsarita's Fresh Mexican Grill
Salsarita's Fresh Mexican Grill is a chain of fast casual Tex Mex restaurants in the United States serving Mexican-style cuisine. The company is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, and operates over 80 company-owned and franchised restaurants throughout the United States.

Fast casual restaurant
A fast casual restaurant, found primarily in the United States, is a restaurant that does not offer full table service, but advertises higher quality food than fast-food restaurants. It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining.
Mediasurface
Mediasurface Limited (previously known as Webdevelopment Ltd) was a UK-based supplier of content management systems and associated services, founded in February 1996 by Ben Hayman and Steve Hebditch.

Their product, (renamed Morello in 2004) was used for websites and intranets at organisations including Aegon, Borealis, T-Mobile, UK Government Home Office, Citigroup, UK Government Environment Agency and Prudential plc.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
George Fordham
George Fordham (1837–1887) was a British flat racing jockey. He was Champion Jockey every year between 1855 and 1863, as well as four other occasions in his own right and once as joint champion. He then won the Derby in 1879, won the Oaks five times, and the Grand Prix de Paris three times.  His career high was 165 wins in 1862.  He was described in 1910 as "one of the greatest jockeys of all-time".

British flat racing Champion Jockey
The champion jockey of flat racing in Great Britain is the rider who has the most wins during a season. For most of its existence, the jockeys championship was decided on the number of winners ridden between Lincoln Handicap Day and November Handicap Day, the traditional flat turf season. In 2015, it was announced that the title would be decided over a reduced timescale – the start of the Guineas Meeting and British Champions Day, roughly 24 instead of 32 weeks.

A prize of £25,000 to the champion jockey and £10,000 to the runner up was also introduced as part of the 2015 changes.

The championship was sponsored for the first time in 2009 by online casino 32Red and is currently sponsored by Stobart Group.
Selenomethionine
Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a naturally occurring amino acid. The L-selenomethionine enantiomer is the main form of selenium found in Brazil nuts, cereal grains, soybeans, and grassland legumes, while Se-methylselenocysteine, or its γ-glutamyl derivative, is the major form of selenium found in Astragalus, Allium, and Brassica species. In vivo, selenomethionine is randomly incorporated instead of methionine. Selenomethionine is readily oxidized.

Selenomethionine's antioxidant activity arises from its ability to deplete reactive oxygen species. Selenium and methionine also play separate roles in the formation and recycling of glutathione, a key endogenous antioxidant in many organisms, including humans.

Selenocystine
Selenocystine is the amino acid with the formula (HO2CCH(NH2)CH2Se)2.  It is the oxidized derivative of the canonical amino acid selenocysteine (HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SeH). The compound can also be prepared synthetically from serine. Because selenocysteine is not easily isolated or handled, it is often generated by reduction of selenocystine in situ. The selenium–selenium bond length is 2.321 Å, which is 14% longer than the disulfide bond in cystine at 2.040 Å.
Second Battle of El Alamein order of battle
The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.

The Allied victory was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign, eliminating the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal and the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields. The battle revived the morale of the Allies, being the first big success against the Axis since Operation Crusader in late 1941. The end of the battle coincided with the Allied invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch on 8 November, which opened a second front in North Africa.

Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy
The Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy were the military insignia used by the Italian Armed Forces when Italy was the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946). During the World Wars, the Carabinieri, as the then-most senior corps of the Army, wore similar insignia to those used by the rest of the service.
Viwandani
Viwandani (Kata ya Viwandani, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward of the Dodoma Municipal Council of  the Dodoma Region in Tanzania. The ward is bordered to the north by the wards of Makole to the east and Kiwanja cha Ndege to the north. The Tambukareli ward is in the south. Uhuru, Chamwino, and Madukani wards are to the west. The ward is home the Gaddafi Mosque, Sabasaba Market and Nyerere Square. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 4,883.

Kiwanja cha Ndege
Kiwanja cha Ndege is an administrative ward in the Dodoma Urban district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 11,009 people in the ward, from 10,129 in 2012.
Egils Siliņš
Egils Siliņš is a Latvian bass-baritone. He graduated from the Latvian Academy of Music and made his operatic debut at the Latvian National Opera in 1988. He has won multiple international singing competitions and since November 5, 2019, he is Chairman of the Board of the Latvian National Opera and Ballet.

Order of the Three Stars
Order of the Three Stars (Latvian: Triju Zvaigžņu ordenis) is the highest civilian order awarded for meritorious service to Latvia. It was established in 1924 in remembrance of the founding of Latvia. Its motto is Per aspera ad astra, meaning "Through hardships towards the stars". The Order has five ranks and three grades of medals of honour.
Bacillaceae-1 RNA motif
The Bacillaceae-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure identified by bioinformatics within bacteria in the family bacillaceae.  The RNA is presumed to operate as a non-coding RNA, and is sometimes adjacent to operons containing ribosomal RNAs.  The most characteristic feature is two terminal loops that have the nucleotide consensus RUCCU, where R is either A or G.  The motif might be related to the Desulfotalea-1 RNA motif, as the motifs share some similarity in conserved features, and the Desulfotalea-1 RNA motif is also sometimes adjacent to ribosomal RNA operons.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Rio Nakata
Rio Nakata (中田璃士, Nakata Rio; born 8 September 2008) is a Welsh–Japanese figure skater. He is the 2025 Junior World champion, 2024–25 Japan national silver medalist, the 2024 Junior World silver medalist, the 2023–24 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, the 2024–25 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, a five-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist, a two-time Japanese Junior national champion (2024-25), and the 2023–24 Japanese Junior national silver medalist.

Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships
The Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships (Japanese: 全日本フィギュアスケートジュニア選手権) is a figure skating competition held annually to crown the national champions on the Junior level for Japan. The first Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships was held in 1931. It is the junior level equivalent of the Japan Figure Skating Championships. Skaters who place high enough at this competition can earn invitations to compete at the senior championships.
Governor of La Pampa Province
The Governor of La Pampa Province (Spanish: Gobernador de la Provincia de La Pampa) is a citizen of La Pampa Province, in Argentina, holding the office of governor for the corresponding term. The governor is elected alongside a vice-governor. Currently the governor of La Pampa is Sergio Ziliotto.

La Pampa Province
La Pampa (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈpampa]) is a sparsely populated province of Argentina, located in the Pampas in the center of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise San Luis, Córdoba, Buenos Aires, Río Negro, Neuquén and Mendoza.
Alexander Zickler
Alexander Zickler (born 28 February 1974) is a German professional football coach and a former player who played as a striker.

He spent 12 years of his professional career with Bayern Munich, appearing in more than 300 official games and winning 19 major titles, notably seven Bundesliga championships and the 2001 Champions League. He also played six years in Austria with two clubs.

Zickler was a German international for four years, but did not attend any major international tournament.

Austrian Football Bundesliga
The Bundesliga (German: Bundesliga [ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa], "Federal League"), also known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Austria and the highest level of the Austrian football league system. The competition decides the Austrian national football champions, as well the country's entrants for the various European cups run by UEFA.

The Austrian Bundesliga, which began in the 1974–75 season, has been a separate registered association since 1 December 1991. It has been won the most by the two Viennese giants Austria Wien, who were national champions 24 times, and Rapid Wien, who won the national title 32 times. The current champions are SK Sturm Graz. Phillip Thonhauser is president of the Austrian Bundesliga. The Austrian Football Bundesliga is currently known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons.