hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muhacir
Muhacir is a term referring to Ottoman Muslim citizens and their descendants born after the onset of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Muhacirs overwhelmingly self-identified as Muslims and their numbers are estimated in the millions. The refugees from Macedonia, Bulgaria, and parts of Serbia had primarily Anatolian Turkish background. Other backgrounds included Albanians, Bosniaks, Chechens, Circassians, Crimean Tatars, Pomaks, Macedonian Muslims, Greek Muslims, Serb Muslims, Georgian Muslims, Ossetian Muslims and Muslim Roma.

They immigrated to modern-day Turkey, mostly in the 19th and early 20th centuries to escape the persecution of Ottoman Muslims by Christians in territories formerly controlled by the Ottoman Empire. Further migration from Bulgaria occurred from 1940 to 1990. Up to a third of the modern-day population of Turkey may have ancestry from these Turkish and other Muslim migrants.

Deportation
Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people by a state from its sovereign territory. The actual definition changes depending on the place and context, and it also changes over time. A person who has been deported or is under sentence of deportation is called a deportee.
Victory title
A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation. The practice is first known in Ancient Rome and is still most commonly associated with the Romans, but it was also adopted as a practice by many later empires, especially the French, British and Russian Empires.

Louis-Nicolas Davout
Louis-Nicolas d'Avout (French: [lwi nikɔla davu]; 10 May 1770 – 1 June 1823), better known as Davout, 1st Prince of Eckmühl, 1st Duke of Auerstaedt, was a French military commander and Marshal of the Empire who served during both the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. His talent for war, along with his reputation as a stern disciplinarian, earned him the nickname "The Iron Marshal" (Le Maréchal de fer). He is ranked along with Marshals André Masséna, Louis-Gabriel Suchet, and Jean Lannes as one of Napoleon's finest commanders, and also stands among the most outstanding military commanders of the modern era. His loyalty and obedience to Napoleon were absolute. During his lifetime, Davout's name was commonly spelled Davoust—this spelling appears on the Arc de Triomphe and in much of the correspondence between Napoleon and his generals.
Uonuma
Uonuma (魚沼市, Uonuma-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2019, the city had an estimated population of 35,027 in 13,289 households, and a population density of 37 persons per km2. Its total area is 946.76 square kilometres (365.55 sq mi). The city is famous for its koshihikari rice, which commands a premium in the Japanese market.

Oze National Park
Oze National Park (尾瀬国立公園, Oze Kokuritsu Kōen), is an area consisting of open greenland in Fukushima, Tochigi, Gunma and Niigata Prefectures in Japan. The park is 372 km2 in area and is the 29th national park in Japan.

Opened on 30 August 2007, the park's area includes the marshes (Ozegahara) and the mountains in the Oze area, formerly part of the Nikkō National Park, and other nearby areas including the Aizu-Komagatake and Tashiroyama mountains.

The park was the first new national park to open in 20 years, since the designation of Hokkaidō's Kushiro wetlands as a national park in 1987.

In Gunma's Jomo Karuta, Oze National Park is featured on the 'se' card.
2023 Men's EuroHockey Championship squads
The 2023 Men's EuroHockey Championship is an international field hockey tournament held in Mönchengladbach, Germany from 19 to 27 August 2023. The eight national teams involved in the tournament are required to register a playing squad of up to 18 players.

Age, caps and club for each player are as of 19 August 2023, the first day of the tournament.

2023 Men's EuroHockey Championship
The 2023 Men's EuroHockey Championship was the nineteenth edition of the Men's EuroHockey Championship, the biennial international men's field hockey championship of Europe organised by the European Hockey Federation.

The tournament was held alongside the women's tournament from 19 to 27 August 2023 at the Warsteiner HockeyPark, in Mönchengladbach, Germany.

The Netherlands, as the winner, qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics, while the other teams aside from Wales and France will have a second chance in the 2024 Men's FIH Hockey Olympic Qualifiers. The six best teams qualified directly for the 2025 edition, while the seventh and eighth place teams will play in the 2024 EuroHockey Championship qualifiers. In the final the Netherlands defeated England to capture their seventh title.
Songs I Wrote and Later Recorded
Songs I Wrote and Later Recorded is an independent EP by Jon McLaughlin, released in the United States in May 2005 before signing with Island Records. The second track, "Anthem for American Teenagers" was later rerecorded and used on McLaughlin's Island Records album debut, Indiana.

Indiana (Jon McLaughlin album)
Indiana is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Jon McLaughlin. It was released on May 1, 2007, through The Island Def Jam Music Group. The album is a continuation of McLaughlin's extended play (EP), Industry (2007).
Bochorma fortress
The Bochorma fortress (Georgian: ბოჭორმის ციხე, romanized: boch'ormis tsikhe) is a medieval architectural complex in eastern Georgia, located in the Tianeti Municipality in the region of Mtskheta-Mtianeti. Historically it was part of principality of Kakheti. Situated on a high mount on the Iori River, the complex consists of a castle and a domed dodecagonal church, both dated to the 10th century, as well as another small hall church, and some other accessory structures. All structures within the complex are half-ruined or significantly damaged. They are all inscribed on the list of the Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance.

Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance
The Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance (Georgian: ეროვნული მნიშვნელობის კატეგორიის კულტურის უძრავი ძეგლები) are buildings, structures, sites, or places in Georgia that have been determined to have nationwide cultural significance by meeting special criteria developed by the Ministry of Culture and are subject to preservation by the state.

The monument must have an outstanding artistic or aesthetic value, be associated with a particularly important historical event, person, or overall national values.

The original list of the Immovable Monuments of Cultural Heritage was approved in the Presidential decree No. 665 of 7 November 2006. Since then, it has been updated several times. After the amendments of 2013, the monument can be defined as having national significance by the resolution of the Government of Georgia based on the submission of the Ministry of Culture.
Musquodoboit Valley
The Musquodoboit Valley (/ˌmʌskəˈdɒbɪt/ MUS-kə-DOB-it) is a valley and region in the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is administratively located in the municipality's Musquodoboit Valley & Dutch Settlement planning area and the western edge of the valley includes communities that are considered part of the commutershed for the urban area of the Halifax Regional Municipality. The picturesque Musquodoboit River flows through majority of the valley, passing by most of the communities in the valley. The river is approximately 97 kilometres (60 mi) long and originates in the extreme northeastern area of the valley. The three largest communities in the valley are Upper Musquodoboit, Middle Musquodoboit and Musquodoboit Harbour. The word "Musquodoboit" is derived from the Mi’kmaq language and means "rolling out in foam".

Musquodoboit Harbour, Nova Scotia
Musquodoboit Harbour is a rural community located in Nova Scotia, Canada within the Halifax Regional Municipality.
The community is situated on the Eastern Shore at the mouth of the Musquodoboit River. The community lies 45 kilometres east of downtown Halifax. With a hospital, RCMP detachment, postal outlet, schools, recreational center, library, municipal office and other services, Musquodoboit Harbour is a serve centre for many of the surrounding communities.
ʿAyn Qasiyya
ʿAyn Qasiyya is an Early Epipalaeolithic archaeological site in the Azraq Oasis, Jordan; the remains of a lakeside camp used by hunter-gatherers around 20,000 years ago. Located near the aquifer-fed spring, at the time the site was occupied it was surrounded by a substantial wetland, attracting a wide range of animals which were hunted by the inhabitants. The stone tools found at the site are associated with both the Kebaran and Nebekian cultures, suggesting that it was visited by people from different cultural groups. Human burials have also been found at the site, which is rare for this period.

Kebaran culture
The Kebaran culture, also known as the 'Early Near East Epipalaeolithic', is an archaeological culture of the Eastern Mediterranean dating from c. 23,000 to 15,000 Before Present (BP). Its type site is Kebara Cave, south of Haifa. The Kebaran was produced by a highly mobile nomadic population, composed of hunters and gatherers in the Levant and Sinai areas who used microlithic tools.
Zach Gowen
Zachary Mark Gowen (born March 30, 1983) is an American professional wrestler and promoter. He is primarily known for his time with World Wrestling Entertainment from 2003 and with other promotions such as Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Ring of Honor (ROH) and Xtreme Intense Championship Wrestling (XICW).

Gowen's left leg was amputated when he was eight years old. He was the second amputee to compete in WWE after Kerry Von Erich.

AAW Tag Team Championship
The AAW Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling world tag team championship which is created and promoted by the American professional wrestling promotion All American Wrestling (AAW). There have been a total of 48 reigns shared between 40 different teams consisting of 74 distinctive champions. The current holders are The Hellhounds, who are in their third reign as a team.
2012 Open 13
The 2012 Open 13 was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 19th edition of the Open 13, and was part of the World Tour 250 tier of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Palais des Sports in Marseille, France, from 20 February through 26 February 2010. Fourth-seeded Juan Martín del Potro won the singles title.

Open 13
The Open 13 was an annual men's tennis tournament played in Marseille, France.  The tournament was an ATP Tour 250 series event on the Association of Tennis Professionals tour. The number 13 is the INSEE code of the Bouches-du-Rhône département of which Marseille is the capital.  It was held for one week in February at the Palais des sports de Marseille on indoor hardcourts, where the Centre Court has a capacity of 5,800 seats. The tournament was held from 1993 until 2026 when it was relocated to Lyon.

In 2025, the tournament was one of three French events of the ATP Tour 250 series, along with the Open Occitanie and the Moselle Open. It was one of four with the Lyon Open until 2025.
Kerry Olitzky
Rabbi Kerry M. Olitzky is an Associate at Mersky, Jaffe & Associates, a firm that specializes in financial resource development and executive search solutions for the nonprofit community. He has previously been the Executive Director of Big Tent Judaism (formerly known as the Jewish Outreach Institute), a United States independent organization dedicated to bringing Judaism to interfaith families and the unaffiliated.

Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
The Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR; also known as Hebrew Union College or HUC) is an institution of higher Jewish education and the academic, spiritual, and professional leadership development center of Reform Judaism. It has three locations in the United States and one location in Jerusalem. It is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators and communal workers in Reform Judaism. Hebrew Union College has campuses in Cincinnati, Ohio, New York City, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem. The Jerusalem campus is the only seminary in Israel for training Reform Jewish clergy.
Sulgener Berg
The Sulgener Berg, also called the Sulger Berg, is a mountain, 763.5 m above sea level (NHN), in the Black Forest in Germany. It is located  near Sulgen (also on the Sulgen), a village in the borough of Schramberg in the Baden-Württemberg county of Rottweil. It lies within the Central/North Black Forest Nature Park.

The Sulgener Berg, which rises south of the village of Sulgen and west of the hamlet of Schoren, is often associated with the hamlet of Hutneck to the south and referred to as Sulgen's local mountain. At the top is the Sulgen Water Tower, which was built in 1960. Until its incorporation into the municipality of Tennenbronn in 2006 the mountain was one of the highest points in the parish of Schramberg. In  1875 the Vogthof of Sulgener Berg was built on the mountain. On the same site today is the hotel restaurant of Drei Könige.

Schramberg
Schramberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃʁambɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.  It is situated in the eastern Black Forest, 25 km northwest of Rottweil. With all of its districts (Talstadt, Sulgen, Waldmössingen, Heiligenbronn, Schönbronn and Tennenbronn (since 2006)), it has about 22,000 inhabitants.

One of the streams flowing through the Schramberg valley is the Schiltach. The "Bach na Fahrt", a traditional raft race held on Carnival Monday, is known far and wide and attracts up to 30,000 spectators each year.
The Book of the Hanging Gardens
The Book of the Hanging Gardens (German: Das Buch der hängenden Gärten), Op. 15, is a fifteen-part song cycle composed by Arnold Schoenberg between 1908 and 1909, setting poems of Stefan George. George's poems, also under the same title, track the failed love affair of two adolescent youths in a garden, ending with the woman's departure and the disintegration of the garden. The song cycle is set for solo voice and piano. The Book of the Hanging Gardens breaks away from conventional musical order through its usage of atonality.

The piece was premiered by Austrian singer Martha Winternitz-Dorda and pianist Etta Werndorf on January 14, 1910, in Vienna.

Carl Emil Schorske
Carl Emil Schorske (March 15, 1915 – September 13, 2015) was an American cultural historian and professor at Princeton University. In 1981 he won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction for his book Fin-de-Siècle Vienna: Politics and Culture (1980), which remains significant to modern European intellectual history. He was a recipient of the first year of MacArthur Fellows Program awards in 1981 and made an honorary citizen of Vienna in 2012.
Kungursky District
Kungursky District (Russian: Кунгурский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Within the framework of municipal divisions, it is incorporated as Kungursky Municipal District. It is located in the southern central part of the krai and borders with the territories of the towns of krai significance of Chusovoy in the north and Lysva in the northeast, Beryozovsky, Suksunsky, and Kishertsky Districts in the east, Ordinsky and Uinsky Districts in the south, Bardymsky District in the southwest, Osinsky District in the west, and with Permsky District in the north. The area of the district is 4,416 square kilometers (1,705 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kungur (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:  42,450 (2010 Census); 46,332 (2002 Census); 47,949 (1989 Soviet census).

Suksunsky District
Suksunsky District (Russian: Суксунский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Suksunsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the krai. The area of the district is 1,977 square kilometers (763 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Suksun. Population:  20,099 (2010 Census); 21,925 (2002 Census); 23,654 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Suksun accounts for 39.9% of the district's total population.
West Guji Zone
West Guji is one of the zones of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Located in southern Oromia, West Guji is bordered on the south by Borena, on the west by the South Ethiopia Regional State, on the north by the Gedeo Zone of South Ethiopia and Sidama Region and on the east by the Guji Zone. Its administrative center is Bule Hora.

The West Guji Zone was created by nine districts and two towns taken from the Borena Zone and Guji Zone.

Gedeo Zone
Gedeo is a zone in the South Ethiopia Regional State (SERS) of Ethiopia. This zone is named for the Gedeo people, whose homelands lie in this zone. Gedeo is an exclave of the SERS consisting of a narrow strip of land along the eastern escarpment of the Ethiopian Highlands. It is surrounded by the Oromia Region, which borders the Zone on the east, south and west; Gedeo shares its northern boundary with the Sidama Region. Dilla is the administrative center; other towns include Dilla, Wonago, Yirgachefe, Chelelekitu and Gedeb.
Scientific Research Institute of Parachute Construction
Scientific Research Institute Of Parachute Construction (Russian: НИИ парашютостроения) is a company based in Moscow, Russia. It is part of Technodinamika (Rostec group).

The Scientific Research Institute of Parachute Construction (NIIPS) is the primary organization for the research, design, development, and prototype production of all parachutes and parachute technology in Russia.

NIIPS has played a major role in parachute design and development for the Russian Space Program, including recovery parachutes for Soyuz, Buran, and Energia booster rockets and the Progress return capsule.

NIIPS also develops a variety of other products, including parachutes for both military and civilian applications, and equipment for the airline manufacturing and support industry.

Rostec
Rostec, formally trading as State Corporation "Rostec", fully the State Corporation for the Promotion of the Development, Manufacture, and Export of High Tech Products "Rostec" and formerly Rostekhnologii, is a Russian state-owned defense conglomerate headquartered in Moscow.

Established in 2007, the organization comprises about 800 enterprises, which together form 15 holding companies: eleven in the defense-industry complex and three in civil sectors. Rostec's organizations are located in 60 constituents of the Russian Federation and supply goods to over 70 countries.

The organization is headed by Sergey Chemezov, appointed to the position by Russian president Vladimir Putin. The 2014 EU sanctions listing for Chemezov describes how Rostec subsidiaries supported Russia's annexation of Crimea.
Karpaty Krosno
KKS Karpaty Krosno is a Polish sports club based in Krosno, Poland. The name "Karpaty" refers to the Carpathian Mountains.

As of the 2024–25 season, the football team plays in the IV liga Subcarpathia, after spending the previous season in group IV of the III liga.

I liga
The 1 Liga (Pierwsza liga [ˈpjɛrfʂa ˈliɡa], lit. 'First League'), referred to as the Betclic 1 Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Polish football league system, below the Ekstraklasa and above the II liga via promotion/relegation systems. It is run by the Polish Football Association (PZPN) since its inception on 30 May 1948. The league was renamed from Second League (II liga) to First League (I liga) in 2008. It is currently contested by 18 teams; from 2002, all clubs onwards must have a licence, issued by the Association.

Before 1939, there were several plans to create a second, national level of Polish football system, but all failed. Instead, there were regional leagues of most Polish provinces, the so-called A Classes (see also Lower Level Football Leagues in Interwar Poland).
Zimbabwe Geological Survey
The Zimbabwe Geological Survey, founded in 1910, is Zimbabwe's premier geological research organization.

The survey is overseen by Zimbabwe's Ministry of Mines and Mining Development. The Geological Survey is charged with collecting and archiving information relating to the natural resources present within Zimbabwe. In the past, it has cooperated with the British Geological Survey on geological mapping and geochemical exploration initiatives, but due to economic issues and a loss of funding, it has been unable to continue mapping.

British Geological Survey
The British Geological Survey (BGS) is a partly publicly funded body which aims to advance geoscientific knowledge of the United Kingdom landmass and its continental shelf by means of systematic surveying, monitoring and research.

The BGS headquarters are in Keyworth, Nottinghamshire, England. Its other centres are located in Edinburgh, Wallingford, Cardiff and London. The current tagline of the BGS is: Understanding our Earth.
Kintetsu 9020 series
The Kintetsu 9020 series (近鉄9020系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated by the private railway operator Kintetsu Railway since 2000. In 2001, it was awarded the Laurel Prize, presented annually by the Japan Railfan Club.

Kintetsu Railway
Kintetsu Railway Co., Ltd. (近畿日本鉄道株式会社, Kinki-nippon Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), referred to as Kintetsu (近鉄) and officially Kinki-Nippon Railway, is a Japanese passenger railway company, managing infrastructure and operating passenger train service. Its railway system is the largest in Japan, excluding Japan Railways Group. The railway network connects Osaka, Nara, Kyoto, Nagoya, Tsu, Ise, and Yoshino. Kintetsu Railway Co., Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Kintetsu Group Holdings Co., Ltd.
Remda-Teichel
Remda-Teichel (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛmda ˈtaɪçl̩]) is a town and a former municipality in the district of Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 15 km northwest of Saalfeld, and 28 km southeast of Erfurt. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Rudolstadt.

Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
Saalfeld-Rudolstadt is a Kreis (district) in the south of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Weimarer Land, Saale-Holzland, Saale-Orla, the district Kronach in Bavaria, and the districts Sonneberg, Hildburghausen and Ilm-Kreis.
Claiborne Pell Newport Bridge
The Claiborne Pell Bridge, commonly known as the Newport Bridge, is a suspension bridge operated by the Rhode Island Turnpike and Bridge Authority that spans the East Passage of the Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island. The bridge is part of RI 138. It connects the city of Newport on Aquidneck Island and the Town of Jamestown on Conanicut Island, and is named for Senator Claiborne Pell who lived in Newport. Route 138 is connected to the mainland by the Jamestown Verrazzano Bridge.

Narragansett Bay
Narragansett Bay is a bay and estuary on the north side of Rhode Island Sound covering 147 square miles (380 km2), 120.5 square miles (312 km2) of which is in Rhode Island. The bay forms New England's largest estuary, which functions as an expansive natural harbor and includes a small archipelago. Small parts of the bay extend into Massachusetts.

There are more than 30 islands in the bay; the three largest ones are Aquidneck Island, Conanicut Island, and Prudence Island. Bodies of water that are part of Narragansett Bay include the Sakonnet River, Mount Hope Bay, and the southern, tidal part of the Taunton River. The bay opens on Rhode Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean; Block Island lies less than 20 miles (32 km) southwest of its opening.