hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sushil Chandra Varma
Sushil Chandra Varma (24 February 1926 – 6 October 2011) was an Indian politician.

Sushil Chandra Varma was born on 24 February 1926 in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh and married Renu Varma in 1951. He attended the University of Bhopal and the University of Allahabad, earning an MSc in chemistry and a PhD in sociology. He joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1949 and held various posts in Madhya Pradesh and in Delhi.

Varma was elected from the Bhopal constituency to the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Lok Sabhas, with the first of those elections occurring in 1991. He was a member of various parliamentary committees and of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

He committed suicide in 2011, having suffered from ill-health for some years previously.

9th Lok Sabha
The 9th Lok Sabha (2 December 1989 – 13 March 1991) was elected during elections in 22–26 November 1989. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. Twelve sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 9th Lok Sabha after the 1989 Indian general election.

Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the Prime Minister from 2 December 1989 to 10 November 1990 with the help of the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Left Parties. INC loses 207 seats as compared to previous 8th Lok Sabha after the 1984 Indian general election

Later Chandra Shekhar became Prime Minister from 10 November 1990 to 21 June 1991 with outside support from Indian National Congress under Rajiv Gandhi.

The next 10th Lok Sabha was formed on 20 June 1991 after the 1991 Indian general election.
Gambacorta Peak
Gambacorta Peak (84°2′S 56°3′W﻿ / ﻿84.033°S 56.050°W﻿ / -84.033; -56.050﻿ (Gambacorta Peak)) is a peak 1,840 metres (6,040 ft) high, standing 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) east of Mount Kaschak in the southern Neptune Range, Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica.

Pensacola Mountains
The Pensacola Mountains (82°37′S 52°49′W﻿ / ﻿82.617°S 52.817°W﻿ / -82.617; -52.817﻿ (Pensacola Mountains)) are a large group of mountain ranges and peaks that extend 280 nautical miles (520 km; 320 mi) in a northeast–southwest direction in the Transantarctic Mountains System, Queen Elizabeth Land region of Antarctica.
They comprise the Argentina Range, Forrestal Range, Dufek Massif, Cordiner Peaks, Neptune Range, Patuxent Range, Rambo Nunataks and Pecora Escarpment. 
These mountain units lie astride the extensive Foundation Ice Stream and Support Force Glacier which drain northward to the Ronne Ice Shelf.
UDID
UDID is an acronym for Unique Device Identifier. The UDID is a feature of Apple's devices running iOS, tvOS, watchOS, and macOS. It is a unique identifier that is calculated from different hardware values, such as the ECID. It is sent to Apple servers when a user tries to activate the device during Setup. This ID is also used to detect the phone or to communicate with it while restoring the IPSW firmware.

IPSW
IPSW is a file format used to install iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, HomePod, watchOS, and most recently, macOS firmware for devices equipped with Apple silicon. All Apple devices share the same IPSW file format for iOS firmware and their derivatives, allowing users to flash their devices through Finder or iTunes on macOS or Windows, respectively. Users can flash Apple silicon Macs through Apple Configurator 2.
Dru DeCaro
Andrew Philip "Dru" DeCaro (born September 1, 1983), know professionally as "Falconry" is an American record producer, songwriter, musical director, filmmaker and multi-instrumentalist. He is a two time Grammy nominee, a BMI Award winning songwriter, and a Da Vinci Award winning filmmaker. DeCaro has written and produced numerous platinum selling records, working with artists including Khalid, Machine Gun Kelly, Pop Smoke, Dua Lipa, Polo G, 6lack, Lucky Daye, Ty Dolla $ign, Trippie Redd, and Fletcher. He's also performed in a number of bands throughout his career, including 93PUNX with close collaborator Vic Mensa, and currently with The Audacity. He is also well known for his many years as the lead guitarist for singer Miguel and has performed with Snoop Dogg, Will.I.Am, John Legend, Ice Cube, Faith Hill, Lil Jon, Jojo, Andy Grammer, Vic Mensa, Machine Gun Kelly, Christian French, Elle Varner, Chrisette Michele, and Monomaniac.

Chrisette Michele
Chrisette Michele Payne (born December 8, 1982) is an American R&B and soul singer. She won a Grammy Award for Best Urban/Alternative Performance in 2009 for her song "Be OK" (featuring will.i.am).

She was previously signed to Motown Records, Capitol Records, and Caroline Distribution but was dropped from her label in 2017 after performing at Donald Trump's presidential inauguration. In the same year, Michele announced plans to release new music independently through her own label, Rich Hipster.
Etchmiadzin uezd
The Etchmiadzin uezd was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The administrative centre of the county was Vagharshapat, also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Aragatsotn Province
Aragatsotn (Armenian: Արագածոտն, Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɾɑɡɑˈt͡sɔtən] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. It is located in the western part of the country. The capital and largest city of the province is the town of Ashtarak. The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported its population was 128,941 in the 2022 census.
Snowroof
In shogi, Snowroof or Snow Roof Fortress (雁木 gangi, lit. 'goose-wooden') is a Static Rook opening that characteristically uses a Snowroof castle.

It is named after the covered sidewalks (雁木造) connected to buildings in Niigata Prefecture.

Originating in the Edo period, the opening had been a less common one after World War II although it was popular in the prewar era. However, around 2017, the opening has become popular with professional shogi players. The Snowroof structure often appears in computer shogi games.

Yoshiharu Habu
Yoshiharu Habu (Japanese: 羽生 善治, Hepburn: Habu Yoshiharu; born September 27, 1970) is a professional shogi player and a chess FIDE Master. He is a former holder of the Ryūō, Meijin, Ōi, Ōza, Kiō, Ōshō and Kisei major titles. He was the first person to simultaneously hold seven major professional shogi titles at the same time and is the only person to qualify as a lifetime title holder for seven major titles. In January 2018, Habu became the first professional shogi player to be awarded Japan's People's Honour Award. Habu is also a former president of the Japan Shogi Association (JSA).
Taghachar
Taghachar, also spelled Tajir, Ta'achar (Georgian: ტოღაჩარ, Persian: طغاچار; died c. 1296) was a commander in the Mongol Empire's army. He was one of the conspirators involved in the overthrow of three Ilkhanate khans, and placed the short-lived Baydu on the throne in 1295.

Nogai Khan
Nogai, or Noğay (Kypchak and Turki: نوغای; also spelled Nogay, Nogaj, Nohai, Nokhai, Noqai, Ngoche, Noche, Kara Nokhai, and Isa Nogai; died 1299/1300) was a general and kingmaker of the Golden Horde. His great grandfather was Jochi, son of Genghis Khan.

Though he never formally ruled the Golden Horde himself, he was effectively the co-ruler of the state alongside whatever khan was in power at the time and had unrestricted control over the portions west of the Dnieper. At his height, Nogai was one of the most powerful men in Europe and widely thought of as the Horde's true head. The Russian chroniclers gave him the title of tsar, while the Franciscan missionaries in the Crimea spoke of him as a co-emperor. Nogai was also a notable convert to Islam.
96 Miles from Bethlehem
96 Miles from Bethlehem is the fourth studio album by Palestinian-Canadian rapper Belly. It was released through SALXCO and Universal Arabic Music (UAM) on 30 May 2024. The album contains guest appearances from fellow Palestinian musicians Saint Levant, Ibrahim Maalouf, Elyanna, and MC Abdul. Production was handled by Belly himself, DaHeala, DannyBoyStyles, Bishara Al-Khell, Sanaa Moussa, and the ANMLS. The album was supported by one single, "Patience vs Patients". It serves as the follow-up to Belly's previous album, See You Next Wednesday (2021), as well as his mixtape, Mumble Rap 2 (2023). As a native of the city Jenin in Palestine, it sees Belly speak about the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict as he also references his Palestinian roots, while it is also his first project not to have profanity in any song. The album also marks his shortest project yet, clocking in at 18 minutes.

Mumble Rap 2
Mumble Rap 2 is the twelfth mixtape by Palestinian-Canadian rapper Belly. It was released on 19 May 2023 through XO and Roc Nation. The mixtape features guest appearances from the late Gil Scott-Heron, Nav, Gucci Mane, and Rick Ross. It was primarily produced by Hit-Boy, alongside the ANMLS, Prince85, Corbett, DannyBoyStyles, Nick Lamb, and Rogét Chahayed. It also serves as a sequel to Belly's previous mixtape, Mumble Rap (2017), which was primarily produced by Boi-1da. The mixtape was supported by three singles, "American Nightmare", "Ambiance", and the Rick Ross-assisted "Cocaine Spoon". It is the first of Belly's final three albums before retiring. Belly and Hit-Boy revealed the tracklist on 28 April 2023. On 21 April 2023, the same day that Belly announced the mixtape, he spoke about it in a press release: "With the first Mumble Rap I had already had a hit record and I wanted to remind people not to forget, where I actually come from & that I really do this".
Weilheim in Oberbayern
Weilheim in Oberbayern (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪlhaɪm ʔɪn ˈʔoːbɐˌbaɪɐn] ⓘ, lit. 'Weilheim in Upper Bavaria'; officially Weilheim i.OB) is a town in Germany, the capital of the district Weilheim-Schongau in the south of Bavaria. Weilheim has an old city-wall, historic houses and a museum.

Weilheim-Schongau
Weilheim-Schongau is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Bavaria, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Landsberg, Starnberg, Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, Garmisch-Partenkirchen and Ostallgäu.
James L. Jones Sr.
James Logan Jones Sr. (June 26, 1912 – March 30, 1986) was decorated intelligence officer in the United States Marine Corps (USMC) and, according to the American Intelligence Journal, is recognized as
"the founding father of amphibious reconnaissance". During World War II, in the Fleet Marine Force (FMF), he pioneered the United States' first amphibious reconnaissance units, the Observer Group and the FMF Amphib Recon companies, and was awarded the Silver Star.

He was the father of James L. Jones Jr., the 32nd Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, Supreme Allied Commander of Europe and U.S. National Security Advisor and the brother of LtGen William K. Jones (USMC), Navy Cross recipient.

V Amphibious Corps
The V Amphibious Corps (VAC) was a formation of the United States Marine Corps which was composed of the 3rd, 4th and 5th Marine Divisions in World War II. The three divisions were the amphibious landing force for the United States Fifth Fleet with two goals, removal of Japanese forces from islands so U.S. Seabees could build advance bases to project US power.  In doing this VAC was notably involved in the battles for Tarawa, Saipan, and Iwo Jima.  V Amphibious Corps was commanded by General Holland 'Howlin Mad' Smith followed by General Harry Schmidt.
Heteroflorum
Heteroflorum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It contains a single species, Heteroflorum sclerocarpum, a tree native to the southwestern Mexican states of Michoacán, Guerrero, and Oaxaca. It belongs to the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

Caesalpinioideae
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus). It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl

In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
Permeability (foundry sand)
Permeability is a property of foundry sand with respect to how well the sand can vent, i.e. how well gases pass through the sand. And in other words, permeability is the property by which we can know the ability of material to transmit fluid/gases. The permeability is commonly tested to see if it is correct for the casting conditions.

American Foundry Society
The American Foundry Society (AFS) is a professional, technical and trade association for foundries and the broader metal casting industry. The society promotes the interests of foundries to policymakers, provides training for foundry workers, and supports research and technological advancements in foundry science and manufacturing.

AFS represents ferrous and nonferrous foundries based in North America, as well as industry suppliers and end-users of metal castings from around the world. The society has individual and corporate members across 48 countries, organized into regional chapters and student chapters in the United States, Canada and Mexico. AFS presents Metalcasting Congress, a yearly industry conference, as well as CastExpo, a trade show and exposition that occurs every three years.

AFS is based in Schaumburg, Illinois, and also maintains an office in Washington, D.C. Doug Kurkul is CEO of the organization.
Kálmán Kubinyi
Kálmán Mátyás Béla Kubinyi (June 29, 1906 Cleveland – September 3, 1973 Stockbridge, Massachusetts) was an influential etcher, engraver and enamelist and a member of the so-called Cleveland School, a number of relatively prominent artists in Northeast Ohio that existed from about 1910 to 1960.

Kubinyi was a modernist whose interpretations of the machine age through "ash can" subjects and industrial scenes often bear the stamp of Social Realism. His work was widely exhibited throughout the 1930s, including at the Venice Biennale (1937) and the New York World's Fair (1939).

Cleveland School (arts community)
The Cleveland School refers to the flourishing local arts community in Cleveland and Northeast Ohio during the period from 1910 to 1960. It was so named in 1928 by Elrick Davis, a journalist with the Cleveland Press. The Cleveland School was renowned for its watercolor painting, and also included well-known printmakers, sculptors, enamelists, and ceramists.

Artists of the Cleveland School were involved with the founding of the Cleveland School of Art (now Cleveland Institute of Art), the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland Society of Artists, Kokoon Arts Club, and Cleveland's annual May Show.
2019 Montenegrin anti-corruption protests
In February 2019, protests began in Montenegro against President Milo Đukanović, Prime Minister Duško Marković, and the government led by the ruling Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS), which has been in power since the introduction of multi-party system in 1990.

The anti-government protests have been organized by the civil sector of the Montenegrin society, concurrently with the  protests in the neighboring Serbia, that had similar goals.

The protests failed in mid-2019. Involved in corruption affairs within the government and the ruling DPS remain in their offices.

Democratic Front (Montenegro)
The Democratic Front (Serbo-Croatian: Демократски фронт / Demokratski front, DF) was a right-wing populist and socially conservative political alliance in Montenegro. It was composed of the New Serb Democracy, Movement for Changes and Democratic People's Party, with some other minor parties as the alliance's partners at the local level, while United Montenegro and Workers' Party were external members of the Democratic Front parliamentary group. The alliance was formed mainly to oust the Democratic Party of Socialists, the party in power from the introduction of the multi-party system until the 2020 parliamentary election.
Estabrook Park
Estabrook Park is a Milwaukee County park in the village of Shorewood, Wisconsin, United States. It is home to the 1,081 ft (329 m) WITI TV Tower and the historic Benjamin Church House. It was named for Charles E. Estabrook, a distinguished Wisconsin lawyer and politician, and is located on a nearly 125 acres (51 ha) strip of land between the Milwaukee River and the former Chicago and North Western Railway, now converted into part of the Oak Leaf Trail.

Milwaukee Formation
The Milwaukee Formation is a fossil-bearing geological formation of Middle Devonian age in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. It stands out for the exceptional diversity of its fossil biota. Included are many kinds of marine protists, invertebrates, and fishes, as well as early trees and giant fungi.

Once a prolific source of fossils, the Milwaukee Formation exposures are now mostly buried, inaccessible, on private property, or located in areas where collecting is prohibited. Most of these exposures are or were located along the Milwaukee River and Lake Michigan shore.
Shoal Bay, Northern Territory
Shoal Bay is a locality in the Northern Territory of Australia located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the territory capital of Darwin.

The locality is named after the nearby bay which was named in 1839 by Commander Wickham and Lieutenant Stokes during HMS Beagle's third survey expedition.

The 2016 Australian census which was conducted in August 2016 reports that Shoal Bay had no people living within its boundaries.

Shoal Bay is located within the federal division of Lingiari, the territory electoral division of Nelson and the local government area of the Litchfield Municipality.

Shoal Bay (Darwin)
Shoal Bay is a shallow bay lying adjacent to, and north of, the city of Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia.  Encompassing Hope Inlet at its eastern end, it is characterised by extensive areas of intertidal mudflats and mangroves and is an important site for waders, or shorebirds. The bay is situated within the Shoal Bay Coastal Reserve, a protected area that was established in 2000.

Shoal Bay is also known for accommodating the Shoal Bay Receiving Station, a signals-intelligence collection facility that contributes to the NSA's global data collection program.
Hopea
Hopea is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It contains some 114 species, distributed from Sri Lanka and southern India to the Andaman Islands, Myanmar, southern China, and southward throughout Malesia to New Guinea. They are mainly main and subcanopy trees of lowland rainforest, but some species can become also emergent trees, such as Hopea nutans.

The genus was named after John Hope, the first Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.: 948

Hopea reticulata
Hopea reticulata is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is native to China (Hainan) and Vietnam. Flora of China and Plants of the World Online consider Hopea exalata of Hainan a synonym of this species.
Theddlethorpe St Helen
Theddlethorpe St Helen or East Theddlethorpe is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of the county of Lincolnshire, England. It lies about 3 miles (5 km) north of Mablethorpe on the North Sea coast. Some seashore belongs to Saltfleetby-Theddlethorpe Dunes National Nature Reserve, consisting of sea dunes and saltwater and freshwater marshes. It is one of five UK locations where the natterjack toad is found. In 2011 the parish had a population of 525. The parish touches Gayton le Marsh, Mablethorpe and Sutton, Theddlethorpe All Saints and Withern with Stain. Theddlethorpe St Helen shares a parish council with Theddlethorpe All Saints.

The Theddlethorpe Gas Terminal processed natural gas from the North Sea until it closed in 2018.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Kirn
Kirn (German pronunciation: [kɪʁn] ⓘ) is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land. Kirn is a middle centre serving an area on the Nahe and in the Hunsrück.

Real school
Real school (German: Realschule, pronounced [ʁeˈaːlʃuːlə] ⓘ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (realna gimnazija), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (realskole), Sweden (realskola), Estonia (reaalkool), Finland (reaalikoulu), Hungary (reáliskola), Latvia (reālskola), Slovenia (realka), Serbia (realna gimnazija/realka), and the Russian Empire (реальное училище), including partitioned Poland (szkoła realna).
Vector generalized linear model
In statistics, the class of vector generalized linear models (VGLMs) was proposed to 
enlarge the scope of models catered for by generalized linear models (GLMs).
In particular, VGLMs allow for response variables outside the classical exponential family
and for more than one parameter. Each parameter (not necessarily a mean) can be transformed by a link function.
The VGLM framework is also large enough to naturally accommodate multiple responses; these are
several independent responses each coming from a particular statistical distribution with
possibly different parameter values.

Vector generalized linear models are described in detail in Yee (2015).
The central algorithm adopted is the iteratively reweighted least squares method,
for maximum likelihood estimation of usually all the model parameters. In particular, 
Fisher scoring is implemented by such, which, for most models,
uses the first and expected second derivatives of the log-likelihood function.

Ordination (statistics)
Ordination or gradient analysis, in multivariate analysis, is a method complementary to data clustering, and used mainly in exploratory data analysis (rather than in hypothesis testing). In contrast to cluster analysis, ordination orders quantities in a  (usually lower-dimensional) latent space. In the ordination space, quantities that are near each other share attributes (i.e., are similar to some degree), and dissimilar objects are farther from each other. Such relationships between the objects, on each of several axes or latent variables, are then characterized numerically and/or graphically in a biplot.

The first ordination method, principal components analysis, was suggested by Karl Pearson in 1901.