hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bekhterev–Jacobsohn reflex
The Bekhterev–Jacobsohn reflex, or Jacobsohn's finger flexion sign, is a clinical sign found in patients with pyramidal tract lesions of the upper limb. In this condition, stroking the dorsum of the forearm, in the area of the distal radius, with the arm supine causes abduction of the hand and flexion of the fingers.

It is analogous to the Bekhterev–Mendel reflex in the lower limb.

The reflex is named after Vladimir Bekhterev and Louis Jacobsohn-Lask.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Yeehaw Junction, Florida
Yeehaw Junction is a census-designated place (CDP) in Osceola County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 250.  The area was confused with Buenaventura Lakes CDP in the 2000 census, and the correct data for the area was not recorded.

Yeehaw Junction is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Destiny development was planned nearby.

Greater Orlando
The Orlando metropolitan area (officially, for U.S. census purposes, the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida metropolitan statistical area, MSA) is an inland metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Florida. Its principal cities are Orlando, Kissimmee, and Sanford. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget defines it as consisting of the counties of Lake, Orange (including Orlando), Osceola, and Seminole.

According to the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Greater Orlando is 2,673,376, an increase of nearly 540,000 new residents between 2010 and 2020.

By population, it is the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida, the seventh-largest in the Southeastern United States, and the 22nd-largest in the United States. The MSA encompasses 4,012 square miles (10,400 km2) of total area (both land and water areas).
Grigore Iunian
Grigore Iunian (September 30, 1882 – 1939) was a Romanian left-wing politician and lawyer. A member of the National Liberal Party (PNL) during the 1910s, he rallied with the Peasants' Party (PȚ) after World War I, and followed it into the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ), before leaving in 1933 to create the Radical Peasants' Party (PȚR), over which he presided until his death.

Theodor Paleologu
Theodor Paleologu (Romanian pronunciation: [teˈodor ˌpale.oˈloɡu]; born July 15, 1973) is a Romanian historian, diplomat and politician. An independent who was formerly a member of the National Liberal Party (PNL), the People's Movement Party (PMP) and the Democratic Liberal Party (PD-L), he was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest from 2008 to 2016. Additionally, in the first Emil Boc cabinet (December 2008 to December 2009) he was Minister of Culture, Religious Affairs and Cultural Heritage.
Vietnam's Next Top Model season 3
The third season of Vietnam's Next Top Model premiered on August 19, 2012 on VTV3.

Among the prizes was: a 2-year modeling contract with BeU Models worth 1,000,000,000₫ (approximately $50,000), be on the cover in Cosmopolitan magazine along with 200,000,000₫ in cash, a 2-year VIP Diamond Membership card at California Fitness & Yoga Center worth 300,000,000₫. a 1 year gift from Shiseido cosmetic and a short training course in Tokyo sponsored by Shiseido.

The winner was 20-year-old Mai Thị Giang from Hải Phòng.

Vietnam's Next Top Model
Vietnam's Next Top Model (Người mẫu Việt Nam, or VNTM) is a Vietnamese reality television show in which contestants compete for the title of "Vietnam's Next Top Model." Contestants are given the opportunity to begin a career in the modeling industry, and the winner receives a modeling contract, a cash prize and a feature article in a fashion magazine.
Central committee
A central committee is a political-executive organ designated as the highest organ of a communist party between two congresses. Per the principles of democratic centralism, a central committee is empowered to deal with any issue that falls under the party's purview. While formally retaining this role in socialist states, commonly referred to as communist states by outside observers, in practice, it delegates this authority to numerous smaller internal organs due to the infrequency of its meetings.

The term of a central committee of a ruling communist party is usually five years. The party congress elects individuals to the central committee and holds it accountable. At the first central committee session held immediately after a congress, it elects the party leader, an office usually titled general secretary of the central committee, a political organ, commonly known as the politburo, and an executive organ, customarily named the secretariat.

Merle Fainsod
Merle Fainsod (May 2, 1907 – February 11, 1972) was an American political scientist best known for his work on public administration and as a scholar of the Soviet Union.  His books Smolensk under Soviet Rule, based on documents captured by the German Army during World War II, and How Russia is Ruled (also known as How the Soviet Union is Governed) helped form the basis of American study of the Soviet Union, and established him "as a leading political scientist of the Soviet Union."  Fainsod is also remembered for his work in the Office of Price Administration and as the director of the Harvard University Library.
Josh Burkman
Joshua Ray Burkman (born April 10, 1980) is a retired American professional mixed martial artist formerly competing in the Welterweight division. He formerly competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship, the World Series of Fighting, the XFC, and was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 2.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Eunapius (sponge)
Eunapius is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Spongillidae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Eunapius aetheriae (Annandale, 1913)

Eunapius ambiguus (Annandale, 1909)

Eunapius calcuttanus (Annandale, 1911)

Eunapius subterraneus  (Sket & Velikonja, 1984)

Spongillidae
Spongilidae is a family of sponges that live in freshwater lakes and rivers.  The following genera are recognized in the family:

Anheteromeyenia Schröder, 1927

Corvoheteromeyenia Ezcurra de Drago, 1979

Corvospongilla Annandale, 1911

Dosilia Gray, 1867

Duosclera Reiswig & Ricciardi, 1993

Ephydatia Lamouroux, 1816

Eunapius Gray, 1867

Heteromeyenia Potts, 1881

Heterorotula Penney & Racek, 1968

Nudospongilla Annandale, 1918

Pachyrotula Volkmer-Ribeiro & Rützler, 1997

Pectispongilla Annandale, 1909

Pottsiela Volkmer-Ribeiro, Souza-Machado, Furstenau-Oliveira, Vieira-Soares, 2010

Racekiela Bass & Volkmer-Ribeiro, 1998

Radiospongilla Penney & Racek, 1968

Sanidastra Volkmer-Ribeiro & Watanabe, 1983

Saturnospongilla Volkmer-Ribeiro, 1976

Spongilla Lamarck, 1816

Stratospongilla Annandale, 1909

Trochospongilla Vejdovsky, 1888

Umborotula Penney & Racek, 1968

Uruguayella Bonetto & Ezcurra de Drago, 1969
Avondale railway station, Queensland
Avondale railway station is a  railway station on the North Coast railway line in the Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia. Most of the buildings of the station remain including the station platform and goods sheds.

It is possible to cross the railway tracks on foot just east of the old station at a marked crossing.

A little further east between the station and the river is Avondale Road, with a bridge over the train line where the train descends (when heading east) through a cutting before it crosses the Yandaran Creek via a railway bridge. From the Avondale Road bridge it is possible to get a good view of the goods trains crossing the river.

North Coast railway line, Queensland
The North Coast railway line (NCL) is a 1,681-kilometre (1,045 mi) 1067 mm gauge railway line in Queensland, Australia. It commences at Roma Street station, Brisbane, and largely parallels the Queensland coast to Cairns in Far North Queensland. The line is electrified between Brisbane and Rockhampton. Along the way, the 1,680-kilometre (1,040 mi) railway passes through the numerous towns and cities of eastern Queensland including Nambour, Bundaberg, Gladstone, Rockhampton, Mackay and Townsville. The line through the centre of Rockhampton runs down the middle of Denison Street.
Busta (surname)
Busta (feminine: Bustová) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christine Busta (1915–1987), Austrian lyricist

Pablo Carreño Busta (born 1991), Spanish tennis player

Zbyněk Busta (born 1967), Czech football manager

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
Norton RCW588
The Norton RCW588 is a Works Racing motorcycle, produced for the 1988 to 1994 racing seasons, initially with an air-cooled version of the road-going twin-rotor Wankel engine used in the Classic soon followed by watercooled versions from 1989.

Racing started in late 1987 with employee Malcolm Heath as development rider on a limited budget, then with a six-man team from 1989 including riders Trevor Nation and Simon Buckmaster. With major sponsor John Player & Sons, the Norton Rotary achieved significant racing success with riders Steve Spray, Robert Dunlop, and Ron Haslam, together with stand-in riders Andy McGladdery and Terry Rymer. Steve Hislop achieved a win at the 1992 Senior TT race, the first time Norton had won the class since 1961, and Ian Simpson won the 1994 British Superbike Championship. The unique Wankel engine configuration measured at a capacity of 588 cc was accepted by the FIM in 1990, allowing the Norton to enter the 500 cc Grand Prix premier racing class.

Motorcycle suspension
A motorcycle's suspension serves a dual purpose: contributing to the vehicle's handling and braking, and providing safety and comfort by keeping the vehicle's passengers comfortably isolated from road noise, bumps and vibrations.

The typical motorcycle has a pair of fork tubes for the front suspension, and a swingarm with one or two shock absorbers for the rear suspension.
Latium (1669)
Latium is a 1669 work by the Jesuit scholar Athanasius Kircher. It was dedicated to Pope Clement X and a 1671 edition was published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Waesbergen. The work was the first to discuss the topography, archeology and history of the Lazio region.  It was based partly on Kircher's extensive walks in the countryside around Rome, although it included sites that he had probably not visited in person.  The work included many illustrations of the contemporary countryside, as well as reconstructions of ancient buildings.: 92  It also included an account of his discovery of the ruined sanctuary at Mentorella, which he had already recounted in his 1665 work Historia Eustachio Mariana.: 94

Turris Babel
Turris Babel (The Tower of Babel) was a 1679 work by the Jesuit scholar Athanasius Kircher. It was the last of his books published during his lifetime. Together with his earlier work Arca Noë (Noah's Ark), it represents Kircher's endeavour to show how modern science supported the Biblical narrative in the Book of Genesis. The work was also a broad synthesis of many of Kircher's ideas on architecture, language and religion. The book was dedicated to the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and printed in Amsterdam by the cartographer and bookseller Johannes van Waesbergen.: 7
Sheriff of Bute
The Sheriff of Bute was historically the office responsible for enforcing law and order on the Isle of Bute, Scotland and bringing criminals to justice.

Before the Jacobite uprising of 1745 and the abolition of hereditary jurisdictions in 1746, the office was hereditary until shifting to salaried sheriffs by 1748. The office was mostly held by the Stewarts of Bute. The most historically prominent Sheriff was John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute.

The sheriffdom was combined with Dumbarton in 1854 to form the sheriffdom of Dumbarton & Bute. In 1871 it was split and Bute was combined with Renfrew to form the sheriffdom of Renfrew & Bute. The sheriffdom was split again in 1946, when Bute was combined with Ayr to form the sheriffdom of Ayr & Bute.

Sheriff of Ayr
The Sheriff of Ayr was historically (from 1221) the royal official responsible for enforcing law and order in Ayr, Scotland and bringing criminals to justice. Sundrum Castle was used by the sheriff from the 14th century, and Loudoun Castle from the 16th century. Prior to 1748 most sheriffdoms were held on a hereditary basis. From that date, following the Jacobite uprising of 1745, the hereditary sheriffs were replaced by salaried sheriff-deputes, qualified advocates who were members of the Scottish Bar.

In 1946 Bute was added to form the new sheriffdom of Ayr and Bute, which was in turn abolished in 1975 and replaced by the current sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway .
Moscow Exchange
The Moscow Exchange (MOEX; Russian: Московская биржа, romanized: Moskovskaya birzha, IPA: [mɐˈskofskəjə ˈbʲirʐə]) is the largest exchange in Russia, operating trading markets in equities, bonds, derivatives, the foreign exchange market, money markets, and precious metals. The Moscow Exchange also operates Russia's central securities depository, the National Settlement Depository (NSD), and the country's largest clearing service provider, the National Clearing Centre. The exchange was formed in 2011 in a merger of the Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange and the Russian Trading System.

At the end of 2023, the total trading volume on MOEX platforms reached 1.3 quadrillion rubles (about $14 trillion).

Spot market
The spot market or cash market is a public financial market in which financial instruments or commodities are traded for immediate delivery. It contrasts with a futures market, in which delivery is due at a later date.  In a spot market, settlement normally happens in T+2 working days, i.e., delivery of cash and commodity must be done after two working days of the trade date.  A spot market can be through an exchange or over-the-counter (OTC).  Spot markets can operate wherever the infrastructure exists to conduct the transaction.
Kathryn Ruemmler
Kathryn H. Ruemmler (born April 19, 1971) is an American attorney who was principal deputy White House counsel and then White House Counsel to President Barack Obama. Previously a partner at Latham and Watkins co-chairing its white-collar defense group, Ruemmler joined Goldman Sachs in 2020 and was Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel. She announced her resignation from this position in February 2026, effective at the end of June, over her links to child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.

White House Counsel
The White House counsel is a senior staff appointee of the president of the United States whose role is to advise the president on all legal issues concerning the president and their administration.  The White House counsel also oversees the Office of White House Counsel, a team of lawyers and support staff who provide legal guidance for the president and the White House Office.  At least when the White House counsel is advising the president on legal matters pertaining to the duties or prerogatives of the president, this office is also called counsel to the President.  When initially created, it was named simply Special Counsel.

David Warrington is the current White House counsel, serving since January 20, 2025.
Strays (Jane's Addiction album)
Strays is the third studio album by the American rock band Jane's Addiction, released on July 22, 2003, on Capitol Records. Released 13 years after Ritual de lo Habitual (1990), the album marks the band's longest gap between full studio albums, although the group had recorded and released two new songs six years prior on the compilation album Kettle Whistle (1997). Strays is the first album to feature bassist Chris Chaney. Regarding the decision to record a new studio album after such a long hiatus, drummer Stephen Perkins stated that the band had already completed two reunion tours performing old material, and that Jane's was ready for "a new challenge."

Upon its first week of release, the album sold 110,500 copies in the United States, debuting at number four on the Billboard 200, and was eventually certified Gold. The single, "Just Because", was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2004.

Kettle Whistle
Kettle Whistle is a compilation album by alternative rock band Jane's Addiction, released November 4, 1997, on Warner Bros. Issued to coincide with the 1997 "Relapse" tour, the album – originally titled It's My Party – includes new, alternate, unreleased and live tracks.

Certified gold in the U.S., for sales in excess of 500,000, Kettle Whistle is the only Jane's release to feature Flea on bass guitar, though he played trumpet as a guest on their album Nothing's Shocking. The liner notes feature an anecdotal article on the band by Henry Rollins.
Akizuki-class destroyer (1942)
The Akizuki-class destroyer (秋月型駆逐艦, Akizuki-gata Kuchikukan) was a class of destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) built during World War II to complement the Kagerō class, primarily for the role of anti-aircraft screening for carrier battle groups. The class was also designated the Type-B Destroyer (乙型駆逐艦, Otsu-gata Kuchikukan), from their plan name. During the war, the class proved to be a very capable multipurpose platform and was well regarded in the IJN.

Kagerō-class destroyer
The Kagerō-class destroyers (陽炎型駆逐艦, Kagerō-gata Kuchikukan) were a class of nineteen 1st Class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during the 1930s, and operated by them during the Pacific War, where all but one were lost.
They were also called the Shiranui-class destroyers (不知火型駆逐艦, Shiranui-gata Kuchikukan), because the second ship, Shiranui, was launched before the first ship, Kagerō.

The class was also one of a series called Destroyer Type-A (甲型駆逐艦, Kō-gata Kuchikukan) within the Imperial Japanese Navy from their plan name. At the time of introduction, these destroyers were among the deadliest destroyers afloat, primarily due to the excellent range and lethality of their "Long Lance" torpedoes.
Jactitation
Jactitation or jactitation of marriage was an archaic cause of action in English and in Irish law. Where one person falsely asserted that he or she was married to another, the wronged party could obtain an order restraining further repetitions of the falsehood. The action was abolished in England in 1986 and in Ireland in 1995.

Law Reform Commission (Ireland)
The Law Reform Commission (Irish: Coimisiún um Athchóiriú an Dlí; also called the Law Reform Commission of Ireland) is a law commission which was established in 1975 to examine the law of the Republic of Ireland.
Pantothenate kinase
Pantothenate kinase (EC 2.7.1.33, PanK; CoaA) is the first enzyme in the Coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthetic pathway.  It phosphorylates pantothenate (vitamin B5) to form 4'-phosphopantothenate at the expense of a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of CoA.

CoA is a necessary cofactor in all living organisms. It acts as the major acyl group carrier in many important cellular processes, such as the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) and fatty acid metabolism. Consequently, pantothenate kinase is a key regulatory enzyme in the CoA biosynthetic pathway.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Erebia
Erebia is a Holarctic genus of brush-footed butterflies, family Nymphalidae. Most of the about 90–100 species (see also below) are dark brown or black in color, with reddish-brown to orange or more rarely yellowish wing blotches or bands. These usually bear black spots within, which sometimes have white center spots.

This genus has found it easy to adapt to arid and especially cold conditions. Most of its members are associated with high-altitude lands, forest clearings or high latitude and tundra. Erebia species are frequent in the Alps, Rocky Mountains, subarctic and even Arctic regions, and the cooler parts of Central Asia. In fact, the North American term for these butterflies is alpines. Palearctic species are collectively known as ringlets or arguses. However, none of these terms is used exclusively for this genus.

Silky ringlet
The silky ringlet (Erebia gorge) is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high-altitude butterfly found on screes in the Alps, Pyrenees, central Italy and the Balkans. It is a very variable butterfly.
1886 Major League Baseball season
The 1886 major league baseball season began on April 17, 1886. The regular season ended on October 15, with the Chicago White Stockings and the St. Louis Browns as regular season champions of the National League and American Association, respectively. The postseason began with Game 1 of the third World's Championship Series on October 18 and ended with Game 6 on October 23, in what was a best-of-seven-playoff. The Browns defeated the White Stockings, four games to two, capturing their first World's Championship Series.

Over the offseason, the National League's Buffalo Bisons transfer into the minor league International League and Providence Grays fold. The two open spots are filled by the newly enfranchised Kansas City Cowboys and Washington Nationals.

Washington Nationals (1886–1889)
The Washington Nationals, sometimes referred to as the Washington Statesmen or Senators, were a professional baseball team in the mid to late 1880s. They existed for a period of four years as a member of the National League (NL) from 1886 to 1889. During their four-year tenure they had six different managers and compiled a record of 163–337, for a .326 winning percentage. The franchise played their home games at Swampoodle Grounds, otherwise known as Capitol Park (II).

Their most notable player was catcher Connie Mack, who went on to a Hall of Fame career as manager of the American League Philadelphia Athletics from 1901 to 1950. Outfielder Dummy Hoy, notable for being deaf, played for the 1888 and 1889 Washington teams. Jim Donnelly also spent time with the Nationals.