hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manning, South Carolina
Manning is a city in and the county seat of Clarendon County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Manning had a population of 3,878. It was named after former South Carolina governor John Laurence Manning.

Interstate 95 in South Carolina
Interstate 95 (I-95) is a major Interstate Highway, running along the East Coast of the United States from Florida to Maine. In South Carolina, I-95 runs approximately parallel to the Atlantic Ocean shore although about 50 miles (80 km) inland, from Hardeeville in the south to Dillon in the northeast. The route runs through the cities of Florence and Walterboro.
Einstein family
The Einstein family is the family of physicist Albert Einstein (1879–1955). Einstein's fourth-great-grandfather, Jakob Weil, was his oldest recorded relative, born in the late 17th century, and the family continues to this day. Albert Einstein's second-great-grandfather, Löb Moses Sontheimer (1745–1831), was also the grandfather of the tenor Heinrich Sontheim (1820–1912) of Stuttgart.

Albert's three children were from his relationship with his first wife, Mileva Marić, his daughter Lieserl being born a year before they married. Albert Einstein's second wife was Elsa Einstein, whose mother Fanny Koch was the sister of Albert's mother, and whose father, Rudolf Einstein, was the son of Raphael Einstein, a brother of Albert's paternal grandfather. Albert and Elsa were thus first cousins through their mothers and second cousins through their fathers.

Kingdom of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg [ˌkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk]) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that later became Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806.
Viscount Selby
Viscount Selby, of the City of Carlisle, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1905 for the Liberal politician Sir William Court Gully upon his retirement as Speaker of the House of Commons. The family seat was Sutton Place, Seaford, Sussex, and latterly Shuna Castle, Argyll.

The first Viscount was the son of the prominent physician James Manby Gully. The title of the viscountcy derived from the maiden name of Gully's wife, Elizabeth Selby, daughter of Thomas Selby, of Ightham Mote, Kent. As of 2017 the title is held by the first Viscount's great-great-great-grandson, the sixth Viscount, who succeeded his father in 2001.

The family seat is Ardfern House, near Lochgilphead, Argyll.

James Manby Gully
James Manby Gully (14 March 1808 – 27 March 1883) was a Victorian medical doctor, well known for practising hydrotherapy, or the "water cure". Along with his partner James Wilson, he founded a very successful "hydropathy" (as it was then called) clinic in Malvern, Worcestershire, which had many notable Victorians, including such figures as Charles Darwin and Alfred, Lord Tennyson, as clients.

Gully's clinic using Malvern water in  Great Malvern, and those that followed, were largely  responsible for Malvern's rapid development  from a village to  a large town. He is also remembered as a suspect in the Charles Bravo poisoning case, and as a recipient of payments from the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.
Du Collège station
Du Collège station (French pronunciation: [dy kɔlɛʒ]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Saint-Laurent in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Orange Line. It opened on January 9, 1984, and replaced Plamondon station as the western terminus of the line until Côte-Vertu station opened in 1986.

Cégep de Saint-Laurent
Cégep de Saint-Laurent (French pronunciation: [seʒɛp də sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃]) is a public French-language college located in the Saint-Laurent borough in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located just south of the English-language Vanier College. Its best known alumnus is Kent Hughes.
Beaconsfield (gallery)
Beaconsfield is an artist-run non-profit art space situated in South London's gallery district, Vauxhall,  England]. Spread over two large spaces encompassing a railway arch tunnel and the former Lambeth ragged school, the organisation run a yearly programme of exhibitions. The central focus of the gallery is to "provide a critical space for creative enquiry", additionally acting as a testbed and primary research vehicle informing theories of curatorial practice and the practice of making art.

Monica Ross
Monica Ross (1950–2013) was a British artist, academic, and feminist. Her career producing feminist works spanned four decades. She is notable particularly for her contributions to performance art, which reflected her passion for social change and were displayed in such diverse places as public libraries and Greenham Common. These works were often collaborative, with Ross contributing to the establishment both of the seminal Women's Postal Art Event and Sister Seven.  The culminating work of her career and life was Anniversary – an act of memory: solo, collective and multi-lingual recitations from memory of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a 5-year extended performance work which involved the recitation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by heart. Ross also worked in video, drawing, installation, and text.
Longyang, Baoshan
Longyang District (simplified Chinese: 隆阳区; traditional Chinese: 隆陽區; pinyin: Lóngyáng Qū) is a district of the city of Baoshan, Yunnan province, China. It borders Yongping County and Changning County to the east, Shidian County and Longling County to the south, Tengchong to the west, and Lushui and Yunlong County to the north.

Longling County
Longling County (simplified Chinese: 龙陵县; traditional Chinese: 龍陵縣; pinyin: Lónglíng Xiàn) is a county in Baoshan City, in the west of Yunnan Province, China, bordering Burma's Shan State to the south.

Its capital is the large community Longshan (龙山镇).

The site of the Songshan Battlefield (松山战役旧址; 松山戰役舊址; Sōngshān zhànyì jiùzhǐ) (1944 during the Second Sino-Japanese War) has since 2006 been on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China.
Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church
The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (Portuguese: Igreja Católica Apostólica Brasileira, pronounced [iˈɡɾeʒɐ kaˈtɔlikaposˈtɔlikɐ bɾaziˈlejɾɐ]; ICAB) is an Independent Catholic Christian church established in 1945 by excommunicated Brazilian Catholic bishop Carlos Duarte Costa. The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is the largest Independent Catholic church in Brazil, with 560,781 members as of 2010, and 26 dioceses as of 2021; internationally, it has an additional 6 dioceses and 6 provinces. It is governed by a president bishop and the Episcopal Council. The church's administration is in Brasilia, Brazil.

The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is the mother church of an international communion called the Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches, though there is no evidence of any recent activity. It is also a primary source of many claims to apostolic succession and the historic episcopate throughout the independent sacramental movement.

Edward Jarvis (author)
Edward Jarvis FRAS FRHistS (born 1975) is a British author of religious history, politics and theology, and an Anglican clergyman. His books address previously underresearched topics such as the Independent Sacramental Movement and aspects of the introduction of Christianity in Southeast Asia, specifically in Vietnam, Myanmar (Burma), Malaysia, and Singapore.
Montague Harbour Marine Provincial Park
Montague Harbour Marine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Galiano Island, one of the Gulf Islands off BC's South Coast in Canada. It is accessible by BC Ferries from Swartz Bay on Vancouver Island or Tsawwassen on the Mainland. The Island's ferry terminal is at Sturdies Bay, about 6 km (3.7 mi) from Montague.

It is a very popular anchorage in the summer months and mooring buoys are provided by the park for visiting boats. It is also a popular spot for kayakers to stop for a night. The park has great camping with sites overlooking the water, picnic tables and pit toilets. It is on a peninsula with beaches and rock pools to play in and explore. There is a small marina within walking distance from the park which stocks basic supplies.

Sturdies Bay
Sturdies Bay is on the south east part of Galiano Island in British Columbia, Canada's Gulf Islands. It is known primarily for its ferry terminal, that connects it to the Tsawwassen Ferry Terminal and the other southern Gulf Islands. At the ferry terminal there is also a public dock, serviced in the summer by an inter-island water taxi, and in the school year the same vessel picks up students here to bring them to schools on Pender and Saltspring Islands.

There is a small settlement at Sturdies Bay consisting of several businesses, including four restaurants, a food truck, two stores, a post office/tea store, a gas station/grocery store, and an inn. There are also a few private residences and moorings located around the bay.

On some nautical maps it is listed as "Port of Sturdee."

In 1954, Sturdies Bay became last port of call for the St. Roch, the first ship to transit the Northwest Passage west to east, when it stopped there on its way to the Vancouver Maritime Museum.
2025 Georgia Southern Eagles football team
The 2025 Georgia Southern Eagles football team represented Georgia Southern University in the Sun Belt Conference's East Division during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Eagles were led by Clay Helton in his fourth year as the head coach. The Eagles played their home games at Paulson Stadium, located in Statesboro, Georgia.

Allen E. Paulson Stadium
Evans Family Field at Allen E. Paulson Stadium is a 25,000-seat on-campus football stadium in Statesboro, Georgia. It is home to the Georgia Southern Eagles football team and the focal point of Erk Russell Athletic Park.

Paulson Stadium was dedicated on September 29, 1984, with a 48–11 win over Liberty University. The game was a fitting end to four years of planning one of the finest I-AA facilities in America. The phrase "Prettiest Little Stadium in America" was coined by former Coach Erk Russell.  The stadium has also come to be known as "Our House" to reflect the extreme home field advantage (Overall record of 193–41 and home playoff record of 33–3). This extreme home field advantage consistenly ranks in the top 5 of all FBS programs and has become known as "The Power of Paulson." As of the completion of the 2024 season, the Eagles boast a 218-51 (.810) overall record at Paulson Stadium.
Livin' on a Prayer
"Livin' on a Prayer" is a song by the American rock band Bon Jovi from their third studio album, Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Desmond Child, the single, released in late 1986, performed strongly on both rock and pop radio and its music video was given heavy rotation at MTV, giving the band their first song to reach No. 1 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart and their second consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hit.

Regarded as Bon Jovi's signature song, "Livin' on a Prayer" has topped fan-voted lists and re-charted around the world decades after its release. In 2013, the song was certified triple platinum for over 3 million digital downloads and has since sold over 13 million worldwide, making it one of the best selling singles of all time. Bon Jovi released an alternative version, "Prayer 94", on the 1994 greatest-hits album Cross Road.

Modulation (music)
In music, modulation is the change from one tonality (tonic, or tonal center) to another. This may or may not be accompanied by a change in key signature (a key change). Modulations articulate or create the structure or form of many pieces, as well as add interest. Treatment of a non-tonic chord as a temporary tonic, for less than a phrase, is considered tonicization.

Modulation is the essential part of the art. Without it there is little music, for a piece derives its true beauty not from the large number of fixed modes which it embraces but rather from the subtle fabric of its modulation.
Mutant World
Mutant World (French release: Independence Wars) is a 2014 Canadian-American neo-sci-fi western horror television film directed by David Winning and written by Matt Campagna, produced by Nomadic Pictures on behalf of SyFy. The film follows the adventures of a group of doomsday preppers who emerge from an elaborate bunker a decade after a meteor wipes out civilization, finding the world overrun by mutants. Shot in Alberta, the film stars Holly Deveaux as the leader of the preppers exploring their new world, Ashanti as a mysterious stranger who shadows them, and Kim Coates as the original leader who saved the handful of people ten years earlier.

Rosie Awards
The Rosie Awards is the name given to the Alberta Film and Television Awards, presented annually by Alberta Media Production Industries Association (AMPIA).  AMPIA is non-profit professional association that supports its members by encouraging the development of the film industry in the province of Alberta.  There are 23 Class awards and 33 Craft categories.  The first awards show was held in 1974.
Saxa Q'awa
Saxa Q'awa (Aymara saxa hollow, q'awa little river, ditch, crevice, fissure, gap in the earth, "hollow brook", hispanicized spelling Sacsajahua) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Condesuyos Province, Cayarani District. Saxa Q'awa lies south of Janq'u Q'awa between the Puma Ranra valley in the west and a lake name Anqasqucha (Quechua for "blue lake") in the east.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Acorn noodle soup
Acorn noodle soup, also called dotoriguksu (Korean: 도토리국수; lit. 'acorn noodle'), is a noodle soup consisting of Korean noodles made from acorn flour or starch, salt, and a combination of grain-based flour (usually buckwheat or wheat).

Acorn noodle soup may be made from acorns collected from red or white oak species and each oak species gives a distinct flavour. Ingredient labels do not list from which type of tree acorns are gathered, most likely owing to the large number of oak species and increasing oak hybridization (especially among white oak varieties), which makes it difficult to recognise and document each type of species.

Noodle soup
Noodle soup refers to a variety of soups with noodles and other ingredients served in a light broth. Noodle soup is a common dish across East Asia, Southeast Asia and the Himalayan states of South Asia. Various types of noodles can be used.

The oldest known record of noodles dates back to the Han dynasty of China and describes a noodle soup dish called tang bing. Archaeological evidence for noodles in China goes back thousands of years earlier, but it is unknown whether these early noodles were consumed in soup.
XigmaNAS
XigmaNAS is an open-source network-attached storage (NAS) server software with a dedicated management web interface. It is a continuation of the original FreeNAS code, which was developed between 2005 and late 2011. It was released under the name NAS4Free on 22 March 2012. The name was changed to XigmaNAS in July 2018. On SourceForge, it was elected "'Community Choice' Project of the Month" twice, in August 2015 and March 2017.

Network-attached storage
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a file-level computer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients. In this context, the term "NAS" can refer to both the technology and systems involved, or a specialized computer appliance device unit built for such functionality – a NAS appliance or NAS box. NAS contrasts with block-level, storage area networks (SAN) and direct-attached storage (DAS).
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Building is Selangor's state secretariat building.  It is located at Bukit SUK, Section 5, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. It was constructed between 1982 and 1984. The building was officially opened on 2 February 1985 by Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah of Selangor. It houses the machineries of the state government, including offices of the Menteri Besar and Speaker of the State Legislative Assembly as well as the State Assembly Hall and Silver Jubilee Hall.

Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Dewan Undangan Negeri Selangor; Chinese: 雪兰莪州立法议会议长; Tamil: சிலாங்கூர் மாநில சட்டப் பேரவையின் சபாநாயகர்) is the presiding officer in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. They are responsible for convening sessions of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, organising debates, and examining the admissibility of petitions, bills, and amendments. In the absence of the Speaker, the deputy will take their place.

The speaker is selected through ballot in the first session of a new legislative assembly.

The incumbent Speaker is Lau Weng San. He was elected on 19 September 2023 for the 15th Selangor State Legislative Assembly. The inaugural Speaker is Abdullah Hassan who served from 8 July 1959 to 17 November 1962.
Parrow (wrestler)
Michael Parrow (born February 9, 1982), better known mononymously by his ring name Parrow, is an American professional wrestler who is currently working as a freelancer on the independent circuit. He is best known for his tenures with various promotions such as Full Impact Pro (FIP), National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW).

Evolve (professional wrestling)
Evolve (stylized all caps) was an American professional wrestling promotion founded in 2010 by former Ring of Honor booker and Dragon Gate USA vice president, Gabe Sapolsky.

The company featured a roster of wrestlers from all over America, as well as several competitors from Japan. The promotion had a close working relationship with sister promotion Dragon Gate USA until Dragon Gate USA's closure in August 2015. In the same year, Evolve formed a relationship with WWE, allowing WWE to scout Evolve talent and potentially sign them. On July 2, 2020, WWE officially purchased Evolve.

In March 2025, WWE relaunched Evolve as a new brand division with a new series titled WWE Evolve on Tubi.
Saishō-ji
Saishō-ji (最勝寺, Saishō-ji) was a Buddhist monastery in northeastern Kyoto, Japan, endowed by Emperor Toba in fulfillment of a sacred vow. It is famous for its monastery complexes which enjoyed extravagant Imperial patronage from their inception.  They are sometimes identified as the "Superlative Temples" or the "Shō Temples" because of the middle syllable of the temple name.

Emperor Konoe
Emperor Konoe (近衛天皇, Konoe-tennō; June 16, 1139 – August 22, 1155) was the 76th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Konoe's reign spanned the years from 1142 through 1155.
Paint Rock River
The Paint Rock River is a 58.7-mile-long (94.5 km) tributary of the Tennessee River in northern Alabama in the United States. Its tributaries also drain a portion of south-central Tennessee.

The river is formed in northeastern Jackson County by the confluence of Estill Fork and Hurricane Creek, and flows generally southwardly, past the town of Paint Rock. In its upper course, the river flows through a deep valley cut into the Cumberland Plateau. In its lower course, the river is used to define part of the boundary between Madison and Marshall Counties.

Jackson County, Alabama
Jackson County is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,579. The county seat is Scottsboro. The county was named for Andrew Jackson, general in the United States Army and afterward President of the United States of America. Jackson County is a prohibition or dry county, but three cities within the county (Bridgeport, Scottsboro, and Stevenson) are "wet", allowing alcohol sales. Jackson County comprises the Scottsboro, Alabama Micropolitan Statistical Area, and Jackson county is included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton combined statistical area. It is the site of Russell Cave National Monument, an archeological site with evidence of 8,000 years of human occupation in the Southeast.
Lichnice Castle
The ruins of Lichnice Castle (also: Lichtenburk Castle) are on the edge of the Iron Mountains, near the Czech village of Podhradí, in the municipality of Třemošnice, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Čáslav.

Iron Mountains (Czech Republic)
The Iron Mountains (Czech: Železné hory) is a mountain range in the Czech Republic, which is a part of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. Their location is in the North of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. They have an area of 748 km², their average height is 480,8 metres, and their highest peak is Pešava at a height of 697 metres which is located exactly in the Sečská Upland, which is part of the Iron Mountains. But other sources state that the highest peak is Vestec, at a height of 668 metres.
8th General Council
The 8th General Council was a meeting of the General Council, the unicameral parliament of Andorra, with the membership determined by the results of the parliamentary election held on 7 April 2019. The General Council met for the first time on 2 May 2019. According to the Constitution of Andorra the maximum legislative term of the congress is 4 years from the preceding election.

General Council (Andorra)
The General Council of Andorra (Catalan: Consell General d'Andorra, IPA: [konˈsɛʎ ʒeneˈɾal danˈdora]) is the unicameral parliament of Andorra. It is sometimes referred to as the General Council of the Valleys (Catalan: Consell General de les Valls) because it was the historical name and to distinguish it from similarly named bodies in the Val d'Aran and in France.
Caustic (optics)
In optics, a caustic or caustic network is the envelope of light rays which have been reflected or refracted by a curved surface or object, or the projection of that envelope of rays on another surface.  The caustic is a curve or surface to which each of the light rays is tangent, defining a boundary of an envelope of rays as a curve of concentrated light.  In some cases caustics can be seen as patches of light or their bright edges, shapes which often have cusp singularities.

Ray (optics)
In optics, a ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow.  Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by dividing the real light field up into discrete rays that can be computationally propagated through the system by the techniques of ray tracing. This allows even very complex optical systems to be analyzed mathematically or simulated by computer.  Ray tracing uses approximate solutions to Maxwell's equations that are valid as long as the light waves propagate through and around objects whose dimensions are much greater than the light's wavelength.  Ray optics or geometrical optics does not describe phenomena such as diffraction, which require wave optics theory. Some wave phenomena such as interference can be modeled in limited circumstances by adding phase to the ray model.