hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wushu stances
Stances are a highly fundamental part of all Chinese martial arts. Wushu is characterized by low, wide stances designed for mobility and protection. Stability is another key concern of Chinese martial arts, and the wushu stances reflect this sensibility. There are five key stances utilized in both contemporary wushu and traditional wushu. Many others exist, and different styles of wushu prescribe a particular protocol for "correct" stance.

Stance (martial arts)
In martial arts, stances are the distribution, foot orientation and body positions (particularly the legs and torso) adopted when attacking, defending, advancing, or retreating. In many Asian martial arts, the most widely used stance is a shallow standing squat. This position is generally employed as it is a neutral and agile position from which both attacks and defences may be launched. It provides for the delivery of force when attacking and stability when defending.

Stances vary greatly in their application and form. In general, stances may be described in a number of ways:
Cumulative song
A cumulative song is a song with a simple verse structure modified by progressive addition so that each verse is longer than the verse before. Cumulative songs are popular for group singing, in part because they require relatively little memorization of lyrics, and because remembering the previous verse to concatenate it to form the current verse can become a kind of game.

Verse–chorus form
Verse–chorus form is a musical form going back to the 1840s, in such songs as "Oh! Susanna", "The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze", and many others. It became passé in the early 1900s, with advent of the AABA (with verse) form in the Tin Pan Alley days. It became commonly used in blues and rock and roll in the 1950s, and predominant in rock music since the 1960s. In contrast to 32-bar form, which is focused on the refrain (contrasted and prepared by the B section), in verse–chorus form the chorus is highlighted (prepared and contrasted with the verse).

The chorus often sharply contrasts the verse melodically, rhythmically, and harmonically, and assumes a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation. This is referred to as a "breakout chorus". See: arrangement.
Ritz Theatre (Hollywood, California)
Hollywood's Ritz Theatre, formerly News View Theatre, Newsreel Theatre, Hollywood Newsreel, New View Theatre, Pacific New View, Pussycat Theatre, and briefly Hologram USA Theater, is a historic former newsreel and movie theater located at 6656 W. Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood, California.

Hollywood Boulevard
Hollywood Boulevard is a major east–west street in Los Angeles, California. It runs through the Hollywood, East Hollywood, Little Armenia, Thai Town, and Los Feliz districts. Its western terminus is at Sunset Plaza Drive in the Hollywood Hills and its eastern terminus is at Sunset Boulevard in Los Feliz. Hollywood Boulevard is famous for running through the tourist areas in central Hollywood, including attractions such as the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Ovation Hollywood shopping and entertainment complex.
Praeses
Praeses (Latin pl. praesides) is a Latin word meaning "placed before" or "at the head". In antiquity, notably under the Roman Dominate, it was used to refer to Roman governors; it continues to see some use for various modern positions.

Moesia
Moesia (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία, romanized: Moisía) was a Roman province situated in the Haemus  Peninsula, south of the Danube River. Created after the Danubian-Hæmus conquest during the reign of Augustus, Moesia included most of the territory of modern eastern Serbia, Kosovo, north-eastern Albania, northern parts of North Macedonia (Moesia Superior), Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobruja and small parts of Southern Ukraine (Moesia Inferior).
Richard R. Burton
Richard R. Burton is an American computer scientist at Acuitus, who previously worked at Bolt Beranek and Newman, and Xerox PARC.  A charter Fellow of the ACM, he was awarded their Software System Award in 1994 for his contributions to Interlisp.

ACM Fellow
ACM Fellowship is an award and fellowship that recognises outstanding members of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). The title of ACM Fellow indicates excellence, as evinced by technical, professional and leadership contributions that:

advance computing

promote the free exchange of ideas

advance the objectives of ACM

At most 1% of the ACM membership may be elected as Fellows.

New fellows are elected annually since 1993.
Cassigerinella
Cassigerinella is an extinct genus of foraminifera belonging to the family Cassigerinellidae of the superfamily Guembelitrioidea and the suborder Globigerinina. Its type species is Cassigerinella chipolensis.

Globigerinina
The Globigerinina is a suborder of foraminiferans that are found as marine plankton.  They produce hyaline calcareous tests, and are known as fossils from the Jurassic period onwards.  The group has included more than 100 genera and over 400 species, of which about 30 species are extant.  One of the most important genera is Globigerina; vast areas of the ocean floor are covered with Globigerina ooze (named by Murray and Renard in 1873), dominated by the shells of planktonic forms.
1948 USC Trojans football team
The 1948 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1948 college football season. In their seventh year under head coach Jeff Cravath, the Trojans compiled a 6–3–1 record (4–2 against conference opponents), finished in third place in the Pacific Coast Conference, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 142 to 87.

Though unranked in the final AP Poll, USC was ranked at No. 18 in the final Litkenhous Difference by Score System ratings for 1948.

Jeff Cravath
Newell "Jeff" Cravath (February 3, 1903 – December 10, 1953) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach the University of Denver from 1929 to 1931, at the University of San Francisco in 1941, and at the University of Southern California (USC) from 1942 to 1950, compiling a career college football record of 74–43–9. In nine seasons under Cravath, the USC Trojans football team compiled a 54–28–8 record, won four Pacific Coast Conference titles, and made four appearances in the Rose Bowl Game.  Cravath introduced the T formation to the USC program.
Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019
The Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019 (GEFTA) is a United States federal law which requires retroactive pay and leave accrual for federal employees affected by the furlough as a result of the 2018–19 federal government shutdown and any future lapses in appropriations. The Act is an amendment to the Anti-Deficiency Act, which governs federal procedures during a lapse in annual appropriations.

Antideficiency Act
The Antideficiency Act (ADA) (Pub. L. 97–258, 96 Stat. 923) is legislation enacted by the United States Congress to prevent the incurring of obligations or the making of expenditures (outlays) in excess of amounts available in appropriations or funds. The law was initially enacted in 1884, with major amendments occurring in 1950 (64 Stat. 765) and 1982 (96 Stat. 923). It is now codified at 31 U.S.C. § 1341, § 1342, §§ 1349–1351 and §§ 1511–1519. The Act was previously enacted as section 3679 of the Revised Statutes.

The ADA prohibits the U.S. federal government from entering into a contract that is not "fully funded" because doing so would obligate the government in the absence of an appropriation adequate to the needs of the contract. Accordingly, it is often cited during U.S. government shutdowns as a reason for the closure of certain departments or facilities.
Fairlight CMI
The Fairlight CMI (short for Computer Musical Instrument) is a digital synthesizer, music sampler, and digital audio workstation (DAW) introduced in 1979 by Fairlight. It was based on a commercial licence of the Qasar M8 developed by Tony Furse of Creative Strategies in Sydney, Australia. It was one of the earliest electronic music workstations with an embedded sampler and is credited for coining the term sampling in music. It rose to prominence in the early 1980s and competed with the Synclavier from New England Digital.

Digital audio workstation
A digital audio workstation (DAW /dɔː/) is an electronic device or application software used for recording, editing and producing audio files. DAWs come in a wide variety of configurations, from a single software program on a laptop, to an integrated stand-alone unit, all the way to a highly complex configuration of numerous components controlled by a central computer. Regardless of configuration, modern DAWs have a central interface that allows the user to alter and mix multiple recordings and tracks into a final produced piece.

DAWs are used for producing and recording music, songs, speech, radio, television, soundtracks, podcasts, sound effects and nearly every other kind of complex recorded audio.
Award of Excellence – Promotion of Linguistic Duality
The Award of Excellence – Promotion of Linguistic Duality (also called the Award of Excellence for the Promotion of Linguistic Duality) is given annually by Canada's Commissioner of Official Languages. It is given to groups or individuals which are not bound to the Official Languages Act, but whose leadership helped promote Canadian Linguistic Duality, in Canada or abroad, or helped the development of Official Language Minority Communities. The prize was first awarded in 2009 by Commissioner Graham Fraser, and its first recipient was Linda Leith.

Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages
The Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages of the Canadian government is responsible for achieving the objectives of, and promoting, Canada's Official Languages Act. Canada has two official languages: English and French.

The 1988 Official Languages Act mandates this office and its commissioner, who holds office for seven years. Its mission has three main objectives: ensuring the equality of English and French within the Government of Canada and institutions subject to the Act; preserving and developing official language communities; and ensuring the equality of English and French in Canadian society at large.
Bangladesh Standard Time
Bangladesh Standard Time (BST; Bengali: বাংলাদেশ মান সময়) serves as the official time zone for Bangladesh. It operates six hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time and is observed uniformly across the country as a national standard. In 2009, Bangladesh briefly observed daylight saving time (DST) as a measure to address an ongoing electricity crisis. However, this decision was reversed by the government in 2010.

The official time signal of BST is determined based on the 90.00° E longitude. This meridian passes through the Harukandi Union, located in the Harirampur Upazila of the Manikganj District, within the Dhaka Division. In the IANA time zone database, BST is represented by the identifier Asia/Dhaka.

UTC+05:30
UTC+5:30 is an identifier for a time offset of 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. The Indian Standard Time, used in India, and the Sri Lanka Standard Time, followed in Sri Lanka, are based on the same. and Sri Lanka. It has the second-largest population among time zones, after UTC+08:00.

The Nepal Standard Time, followed by Nepal, used the time zone till 1986, when it switched to UTC+5:45.
Jung Bong
Bong Jung-keun (Korean: 봉중근; Hanja: 奉重根; Korean pronunciation: [poŋdʑuŋɡɯ̽n] or [poŋ] [t͡ɕuŋɡɯ̽n]; born July 15, 1980) is a South Korean former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball with the Atlanta Braves and Cincinnati Reds, and in the KBO League with the LG Twins. He batted and threw left-handed.

High school baseball in South Korea
In Korea, high school baseball (Korean: 고등학교 야구) is played at a very high level by students who train year round. Unlike in Japan or the U.S. where nearly every high school fields a team, there are only about 60–70 Korean high school baseball teams which makes the competition tantamount to an all-star league of Korea's young talent. KBO, MLB and NPB scouts are frequently in attendance at all of the five national high school baseball tournaments.
Baucau Administrative Post
Baucau, officially Baucau Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Baucau, Tetum: Postu administrativu Baukau), is an administrative post (and was formerly a subdistrict) in Baucau municipality, Timor-Leste. Its seat or administrative centre is Bahú.

Administrative posts of Timor-Leste
The municipalities of Timor-Leste are divided into 70 administrative posts (previously subdistricts until 2014) since 2024. On 1 January 2024, three new administrative posts were created, one in Liquiçá Municipality (Loes) and two in Baucau Municipality (Quelicai Antiga and Matebian)

Each administrative post is divided into several sucos. Sucos are divided into several aldeias, the smallest political division of Timor-Leste.
No. 17 Squadron (Finland)
No. 17 Replenishment Squadron (Finnish: Täydennyslentolaivue 17 or T-LLv.17), was a replenishment bomber squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II. The No. 17 Sqn was part of Flying Regiment 4.

It trained pilots and crew for bomber aircraft. Most of the training was done with Bristol Blenheims. In September 1941, the squadron was integrated into No. 46 Squadron, before becoming an independent squadron again in March 1942.

No. 46 Squadron (Finland)
No. 46 Squadron (Finnish: Lentolaivue 46 or LLv.46, from 3 May 1942 Le.Lv.46), renamed No. 46 Bomber Squadron (Finnish: Pommituslentolaivue 46 or PLe.Lv.46 on 14 February 1944) was a bomber squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II. The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 4.
Toab, Orkney
Toab is a village on the Orkney Mainland, situated in the East Mainland, off the A960 road, at the head of Deer Sound.

St Andrews Primary School is located in Toab, and serves the parishes of Holm, St Andrews, and Deerness. It is believed the name derives from the Norse word Tollhóp, meaning a place where visiting ships had to pay a toll.

People from Toab are known as ‘Toaboggans’, although this term is rarely used.

The districts of Toab and nearby Tankerness are often mistakenly referred to as parishes, though they both come under the civil parish of St Andrews.

Tankerness
Tankerness is a district in the St Andrews parish in Mainland, Orkney, Scotland. Essentially a peninsula, it is about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-east of Kirkwall and 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) east of Kirkwall Airport. The origin of the place name is uncertain, but it may derive from the Norse personal name "Tannskári".  A "ness" is a promontory.
Culture of Melbourne
The culture of Melbourne, the capital of the Australian state of Victoria, encompasses the city's artistic, culinary, literary, musical, political and social elements. Since its founding as a British settlement in 1835, Melbourne has been culturally influenced by European culture, particularly that of the British Isles. During the 1850s Victorian gold rush and in the decades that immediately followed, immigrants from many other parts of the world, notably China and the Americas, helped shape Melbourne's culture. Over time, Melbourne has become the birthplace of a number of unique cultural traits and institutions, and today it is one of the world's most multicultural cities.

Traditionally acclaimed as Australia's "cultural capital", Melbourne topped the Economist Intelligence Unit's annual ranking of the world's most liveable cities throughout much of the 2010s, based in part on its cultural attributes.

Anzac Day match
The Anzac Day match is an annual Australian rules football match between Collingwood and Essendon, two clubs in the Australian Football League, held on Anzac Day (25 April) at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG).
Henrietta Pettway
Henrietta Pettway (1894–1971) was an American artist. She is associated with the Gee's Bend quilting collective. Her work is included in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Her surviving quilts, dating from the 1920s, demonstrate how long the improvisational method has been in use in Gee's Bend.

Quilts of Gee's Bend
The quilts of Gee's Bend are quilts created by a group of women and their ancestors who live or have lived in the isolated African-American hamlet of Gee's Bend, Alabama, along the Alabama River.

The quilting tradition can be dated back to the nineteenth century and endures to this day. The residents of Gee's Bend, Alabama, are direct descendants of the enslaved people who worked the cotton plantation established in 1816 by Joseph Gee.

The quilts of Gee's Bend are among the most important African-American visual and cultural contributions to the history of art within the United States. The women of Gee's Bend have gained international attention and acclaim for their artistry, with exhibitions of Gee's Bend quilts held in museums and galleries across the United States and beyond. This recognition has, in turn, brought increased economic opportunities to the community.
Greg Horsman
Greg Horsman is an Australian ballet choreographer, teacher, and retired dancer. In 2022, Dance Magazine Australia described him as "formerly one of the Australian Ballet's most poetic and classical of principal artists." He and his then-wife Lisa Pavane were a popular partnership during the 1980s and early 1990s, with the Washington Post referring to their "conspicuously poised, elegant dancing" and the New York Times calling them "two perfectly trained and appealing first-class dancers" during a performance of Giselle. Horsman was Acting Artistic Director Queensland Ballet from July 2024- February 2025. Horsman has been Assistant Artistic Director Queensland Ballet since 2023 and was previously the Chief Ballet Master and Director of Artistic Operations for the Queensland Ballet since 2013.

Queensland Performing Arts Centre
The Queensland Performing Arts Centre (also known as QPAC) is a performing arts centre located on the corner of Melbourne Street and Grey Street in Brisbane's South Bank precinct. Opened in 1985, the venue forms part of the Queensland Cultural Centre, and includes the Lyric Theatre, Concert Hall, Playhouse, Cremorne Theatre and Glasshouse Theatre.
Japan men's national ice hockey team
The Japanese national ice hockey team (Japanese: アイスホッケー男子日本代表 Aisuhokkē Danshi Nippon Daihyō) is the national men's ice hockey of Japan. They are controlled by the Japan Ice Hockey Federation and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). As of 2025, Japan is ranked 20th in the IIHF World Ranking and 2nd in Asian Ranking. It currently compete in the IIHF World Championship Division I. They have competed in eight Olympic Games competitions. Team Japan are two-time Asian Winter Games champions (2003, 2007) and won the silver medal at the inaugural IIHF Asia Championship.

1967 Ice Hockey World Championships
The 1967 Ice Hockey World Championships was the 34th edition of the Ice Hockey World Championships. The tournament was held in Vienna, Austria from March 18 to March 29, 1967. The Soviet Union won the tournament for the fifth straight year, Sweden won the silver medal, and Canada claimed the bronze medal.
Iran and the Islamic State
Iran is an opponent of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS, Arabic: داعش, romanized: Daesh), having fought the group in Syria, Iraq, Yemen as well as directly in Iran. Proxy conflicts have also occurred in other regions such as spillover from Egypt (Islamic State – Sinai Province) into Gaza (Salafi jihadist insurgency in the Gaza Strip), Syria (Islamic State – Lebanon Province) into Lebanon, and Pakistan (Islamic State – Khorasan Province and Islamic State – Pakistan Province) into Iran (Insurgency in Sistan and Balochistan).

Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)
The Iranian intervention in Iraq has its roots in the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and its allies, when the infrastructure of the Iraqi armed forces, as well as intelligence, were disbanded in a process called "de-Ba'athification" which allowed militias with close ties to Tehran to join the newly reconstituted army.

The intervention reached its peak following the advance of the Islamic State into northern Iraq in mid-2014. Iran began to provide military aid to counter the militant advance. Iran provided technical advisers to the Iraqi government and weapons to the Kurdish Peshmerga. Several sources, among them Reuters, believe that since mid-June 2014, Iranian combat troops are in Iraq, which Iran denies.

The Iraqi Shia militias Kata'ib Hezbollah ("Hezbollah Brigades") and Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq ("League of the Righteous"), funded and trained by Iran, fought alongside the Iraqi Army and Peshmerga in retaking territory from ISIL.
Albert Lindon
Albert Lindon (1891–1976) was a football player and manager.

As a goalkeeper Lindon played a single game for Aston Villa, a 2-1 defeat away to Spurs on 23 March 1912.He was the 891th player to represent the club.

Lindon was a goalkeeper who played for Merthyr Town but was signed by Charlton Athletic as a player-manager after Alex MacFarlane's departure to Dundee in January 1928. Lindon only won one of his eleven games in charge, and became assistant manager when MacFarlane returned in summer 1928. In 1932 Lindon became manager again but was unable to prevent Charlton's relegation from the Second Division to the Third Division in 1933, and was replaced by Jimmy Seed.

Sandy MacFarlane
Alexander MacFarlane (1878 – 22 December 1945) was a Scottish professional football player and manager. As a player, he won the Scottish Cup with Dundee in 1910. As a manager, he won the Third Division South with Charlton Athletic in 1929.
Barry Venison
Barry Venison (born 16 August 1964) is an English football coach, former professional footballer and sports television pundit.

As a player was a defender from 1981 to 1997. He played for Sunderland, Liverpool, Newcastle United, Galatasaray and Southampton. He was capped twice by England.

Following retirement, he became a television pundit and most notably worked on ITV Sport's The Premiership between 2001 and 2004 whilst the network held the rights to show Premier League highlights. In 2016, he was given his first head coaching role at Orange County Blues, succeeding Oliver Wyss.

1989 FA Cup final
The 1989 FA Cup final was the final of the 1988–89 FA Cup, the top football knockout competition in England. The match was a Merseyside derby between Liverpool and Everton, played at Wembley Stadium, London, on 20 May 1989. Liverpool won 3–2 after extra time, with a goal from John Aldridge and two from Ian Rush. Stuart McCall scored both Everton goals. The final was played just five weeks after the Hillsborough disaster, in which 95 Liverpool fans were killed in a crush (the death toll rose to 96 in 1993 and 97 in 2021), and before kick-off there was a minute's silence and the teams wore black armbands as a sign of respect. Gerry Marsden, lead singer of Gerry & the Pacemakers, led the crowd in a rendition of his hit "You'll Never Walk Alone", which had become synonymous with Liverpool Football Club.