hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Hough (bishop)
John Hough (/hʌf/; 12 April 1651 – 8 March 1743) was an English bishop. He is best known for the confrontation over his election as President at Magdalen College, Oxford that took place at the end of the reign of James II of England.

Bishop of Oxford
The Bishop of Oxford is the diocesan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Oxford in the Province of Canterbury; his seat is at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. The current bishop is Steven Croft, following the confirmation of his election to the See on 6 July 2016.

The Bishop of Oxford has authority throughout the diocese, but also has primary responsibility for the city and suburbs of Oxford, which form the Archdeaconry of Oxford.

From 1636 the Bishop was housed in the purpose-built Cuddesdon Palace.
Guardian (Marvel Comics)
Guardian (James Hudson; also known as Weapon Alpha or Vindicator) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by John Byrne, the character made his first appearance in The Uncanny X-Men #109 (February 1978) which was co-plotted by Byrne and his long-time collaborator Chris Claremont.

The character is a founding member and leader of Alpha Flight. He was designed to be the Canadian equivalent of Captain America, hence his costume markings are modeled after the Canadian flag. Guardian is often confused with Captain Canuck, another Canadian-themed superhero with similar costume and superpowers.

As Vindicator, the character appears in X-Men: The Animated Series, voiced by Barry Flatman.

Features of the Marvel Universe
The comic book stories published by Marvel Comics since the 1940s have featured several noteworthy concepts besides its fictional characters, such as unique places and artifacts. There follows a list of those features.
Baoqing County
Baoqing County (simplified Chinese: 宝清县; traditional Chinese: 寶清縣; pinyin: Bǎoqīng Xiàn) is a county of southeastern Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Shuangyashan.

Shuangyashan
Shuangyashan (simplified Chinese: 双鸭山; traditional Chinese: 雙鴨山; pinyin: Shuāngyāshān) is a coal mining prefecture-level city located in the eastern part Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, bordering Russia's Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais to the east. The city's name means a pair-of-ducks mountains and refers to two peaks northeast of the city. In 2007 the city had a GDP of RMB 20.6 billion with a 14.2% growth rate.At the end of 2024, the total registered population was 1,336,100, including 850,300 in urban areas and 485,800 in rural areas. ( According to the annual report of the population and its changes of Shuangyashan Public Security Bureau)
Ashwani Lohani
Ashwani Lohani (born 22 December 1958) is a retired 1980 batch officer of Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers. He is currently serving as Director of Prime Ministers' Museum and Library Society from 9 June 2025 onwards. He has earlier worked as the Chairman & Managing Director of Air India and the former Chairman of the Railway Board of Indian Railways. After being retired from Government service, he joined GMR Group where he served as Chief Executive Officer from August 2020 till February 2025.

Institution of Engineers (India)
The Institution of Engineers (India), the IEI, is a national organization for engineers in India. It is the world's largest multi-disciplinary engineering professional society. It has more than one million members in 15 engineering disciplines. The institution was established in 1920 in Kolkata, West Bengal, and was incorporated by royal charter in 1935. It is currently headquartered at 8 Gokhale Road, Kolkata.
N-Ethylpentedrone
N-Ethylpentedrone (also known as α-ethylaminopentiophenone, α-EAPP, α-ethylamino-valerophenone, N-ethylnorpentedrone, Ethylnorpentedrone, Norpentedrone, Ethylpentedrone, and NEP) is a chemical compound and stimulant of the substituted cathinone class. Since the mid-2010s, NEP has been sold online as a designer drug. It is the N-ethyl analog of pentedrone. N-Ethylpentedrone acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) without inducing monoamine release.

Substituted cathinone
Substituted cathinones, or simply cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug.

Substituted cathinones act as monoamine releasing agents and/or monoamine reuptake inhibitors, including of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin. In contrast to substituted amphetamines, most substituted cathinones do not act as agonists of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). This may potentiate their stimulating and addictive effects. In addition, β-keto-substituted phenethylamines, such as βk-2C-B, appear to show dramatically reduced potency and efficacy as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists compared to their non-β-keto-substituted counterparts.
The Costs of Accidents
The Costs of Accidents: A Legal and Economic Analysis by Guido Calabresi is a work in the law and economics tradition because it provides an economic efficiency analysis of the rules of tort law.  The text was initially published in 1970 by Yale University Press.

Law and economics
Law and economics, or economic analysis of law, is the application of microeconomic theory to the analysis of law. The field emerged in the United States during the early 1960s, primarily from the work of scholars from the Chicago school of economics such as Aaron Director, George Stigler, and Ronald Coase. The field uses economics concepts to explain the effects of laws, assess which legal rules are economically efficient, and predict which legal rules will be promulgated. There are two major branches of law and economics. One is based on the application of the methods and theories of neoclassical economics to the positive and normative analysis of the law. The second branch focuses on an institutional analysis of law and legal institutions, with a broader focus on economic, political, and social outcomes, and overlapping with analyses of the institutions of politics and governance.
Civic Area
Civic Area (Italian: Area Civica, AC) was a progressive political party in Italy.

Led by Giulio Santagata, a former minister in Romano Prodi's second government, AC was mainly composed of former Olivists, a faction of Prodi's loyalists within Democracy is Freedom and, subsequently, the Democratic Party (PD).

In December 2017 AC formed, along with the Italian Socialist Party, the Federation of the Greens and Progressive Area, the Together electoral list, within the centre-left coalition, for the upcoming 2018 general election.

In the election the list obtained a mere 0.6% of the vote and no seats. However, Serse Soverini (AC) was elected to the Chamber from the single-seat constituency of Imola, Emilia-Romagna.

In October 2018 Soverini joined Italia in Comune and soon became the party's regional coordinator in Emilia-Romagna. In September 2019, after Matteo Renzi had left to form Italia Viva, Soverini joined the PD.

Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (Italian: Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita, DL), commonly known simply as The Daisy (La Margherita), was a centrist political party in Italy. The party was formed from the merger of three parties within the centre-left coalition: the Italian People's Party, The Democrats and Italian Renewal.

The party president and leader was Francesco Rutelli, former mayor of Rome and prime minister candidate during the 2001 general election for The Olive Tree coalition, within which The Daisy electoral list won 14.5% of the national vote. The Daisy became a single party in February 2002. It was set up by former left-leaning Christian Democrats, centrists,  and social-liberals, including former Liberals and Republicans, as well as other left-wing politicians from the former Italian Socialist Party and Federation of the Greens. On 14 October 2007, DL merged with the Democrats of the Left to form the Democratic Party (PD).
Real Madrid CF (youth)
Real Madrid Juvenil are the under-19 team of Spanish professional football club Real Madrid. They play in the Group V of the División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol where their main rivals are Atlético Madrid and Rayo Vallecano.

They also participate in the national Copa de Campeones Juvenil and the Copa del Rey Juvenil, qualification for which is dependent on final league group position, and have taken part in the continental UEFA Youth League, winning the competition in 2020.

Rayo Vallecano Reserves and Academy
The Rayo Vallecano Reserves & Academy  are the reserve team and academy of Spanish club Rayo Vallecano.

The first reserves squad play in the Tercera Federación, the fifth division of Spanish football league system. 
The second reserves squad play in the Primera Aficionados.
The 8th division of Spanish football league system, The 3rd reserves squad play in the Segunda Aficionados, the 9th division of Spanish football league system.
Chronology of the Shunzhi reign
This is a chronicle of important events that took place under the Shunzhi Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It spans from the death of his predecessor Hong Taiji (r. 1626–1643) in September 1643, to the emperor's own death on 5 February 1661, seven days into the eighteenth year of the Shunzhi reign period. These dates do not correspond perfectly with the Shunzhi era itself, which started on 8 February 1644—on New Year's Day of the lunisolar year following the emperor's accession—and ended on 17 February 1662 (the last day of the 18th year of Shunzhi), more than one solar year after the emperor's death. The posthumous events related to the Shunzhi Emperor's burial and posthumous cult are also included.

Longwu Emperor
Zhu Yujian (1602 – 6 October 1646), nickname Changshou, originally the Prince of Tang, later reigned as the Longwu Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty from 18 August 1645, when he was enthroned in Fuzhou, to 6 October 1646, when he was captured and executed by a contingent of the Qing army. He was an eighth generation descendant of Zhu Jing, Prince Ding of Tang, who was the 23rd son of Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang (Hongwu Emperor).
Symphony No. 6 (Milhaud)
The Symphony No. 6, Op. 343, is a work for orchestra by French composer Darius Milhaud. The piece was written in 1955 at the request of Charles Munch, for the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. This work is not to be confused with Milhaud's Chamber Symphony No. 6, op. 79 (1923).

Milhaud's Sixth Symphony has four movements and a total running time of about 30 minutes. The titles of the movements, as descriptive of their character as of tempo, are as follows:

Calme et tendre (approx. 9')

Tumultueux (approx. 6')

Lent et doux (approx. 8'45")

Joyeux et robuste (approx. 6'30")

This symphony is published by Heugel & Cie.

Little Symphony No. 6 (Milhaud)
Little Symphony No. 6, Op. 79, composed by Darius Milhaud in 1923, is a chamber music composition for oboe, cello, and wordless SATB vocal quartet. It premiered at a Concert Wiener at the Salle des Agriculteurs in Paris on 13 November 1923.
Gmina Dygowo
Gmina Dygowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Dygowo, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Kołobrzeg, and 110 km (68 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 128.57 square kilometres (49.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,605.

Kołobrzeg County
Kołobrzeg County (Polish: powiat kołobrzeski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Kołobrzeg, which lies on the coast 106 kilometres (66 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. Its only other town is Gościno.

The county covers an area of 725.86 square kilometres (280.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 76,089, out of which the population of Kołobrzeg was 44,794 and the rural population was 31,295.
Flood City Music Festival
Flood City Music Festival is an annual music festival held in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, presented by the Johnstown Area Heritage Association.
The festival began in 1989 as a street fair to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Johnstown Flood.  The event was renamed the National Folk Festival in 1990, and was held in Johnstown's Cambria City neighborhood from 1990 to 1992. In 1993, it was renamed the Johnstown FolkFest and eventually the festival moved from Cambria City to downtown Johnstown in 2004. The festival emphasized acoustic music, but was expanded and renamed the Flood City Music Festival in 2009 to include other styles of music.

2020 saw no festival, but it resumed the next year.

Jason Ringenberg
Jason Ringenberg (born November 22, 1958) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and guitarist and the lead singer of Jason & the Scorchers. The band had several hits, including "Golden Ball and Chain" and a rock version of Bob Dylan's "Absolutely Sweet Marie."
University Parks
The Oxford University Parks, commonly referred to locally as the University Parks, or just The Parks, is a large parkland area slightly northeast of the city centre in Oxford, England.  The park is bounded to the east by the River Cherwell, though a small plot of land called Mesopotamia sits between the upper and lower levels of the river. To the north of the parks are Norham Gardens (with large houses including Gunfield backing onto the park) and Lady Margaret Hall,  to the west the Parks Road, and the Science Area on South Parks Road to the south. The park is open to the public during the day, and has gardens, large sports fields, and exotic plants. It includes a cricket ground used by Oxford University Cricket Club.

Thomas Graham Jackson
Sir Thomas Graham Jackson, 1st Baronet RA (21 December 1835 – 7 November 1924) was one of the most distinguished British architects of his generation. He is best remembered for his work at Oxford, including the Oxford Military College at Cowley, the university's Examination Schools, most of Hertford College (including the Bridge of Sighs over New College Lane), much of Brasenose College, ranges at Trinity College and Somerville College, the City of Oxford High School for Boys, and the Acland Nursing Home.
Suwaiq Club
Al-Suwaiq Club (Arabic: نادي السويق) is an Omani sports club based in Al-Suwaiq. Their professional football section currently plays in the Oman Professional League, the top division of the Oman Football Association. Their home ground is Al-Seeb Stadium.

Suwayq
Al Suwaiq (Arabic: السويق) is a coastal wilayah (province) in Al Batinah North Governorate, in northeastern Oman. The province has historically been an economic hub, attracting residents from the surrounding areas, its strategic location facilitating trade and commerce.

As of 2021, the population of Al Suwaiq stands at 140,577.
14th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The 14th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, presented by AARP the Magazine, honored films released in 2014 made by and for people over the age of 50. The awards were announced by the magazine on January 10, 2015, with the winners recognized at a ceremony hosted by John Leguizamo at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel on February 2. Israel Horovitz won the award for Breakthrough Achievement for his directorial debut, My Old Lady, and Kevin Costner won the Career Achievement Award.

AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The AARP Movies for Grownups Awards are awards given out to "champion films made by and for grownups." Given annually by the AARP, they began in 2002 with the goal of encouraging Hollywood to make more movies by and about people over the age of 50. The first awards were announced in an issue of AARP the Magazine, before transitioning to an annual ceremony in 2006. Since 2018, the awards have been telecast throughout the United States on PBS.
Råde
Råde is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Karlshus.  The parish of Raade was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

The neighbouring municipalities are Våler, Moss, Sarpsborg, and Fredrikstad. There are four villages in the municipality: Karlshus, Saltnes, Missingmyr, and Slangsvold.

Våler Municipality (Østfold)
Våler is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is Kirkebygden.  The parish of Vaaler was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt).
Merlo Partido
Merlo is a partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is located in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, west of the city of Buenos Aires. Its capital is the city of Merlo.

The region of the present-day partido was colonized shortly after the second, and permanent founding of Buenos Aires (1580). In 1730 an interim parish was founded near the estancia (landholding) of Francisco de Merlo. In 1755 Merlo founded the town of Villa San Antonio del Camino, which was renamed later in his honour. For many years, the development of Merlo lagged behind the growth of nearby Morón. In 1865 the region was officially declared a partido.

Partidos of Buenos Aires
A partido is the second-level administrative subdivision used only in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They are formally considered to be a single administrative unit, usually contain one or more population centers (i.e., towns and cities), and are divided into localidades. The subdivision in partidos in Buenos Aires Province is distinct from all other provinces of Argentina, which call their second-level subdivisions departamento and are further subdivided into distinct municipalities.
Lobelia gattingeri
Lobelia gattingeri is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family commonly called Gattinger's lobelia. It is endemic to calcareous cedar glades and barrens. It has a small range, native only to middle Tennessee, northern Alabama, and one site in the Pennyroyal Plain of Kentucky.

It is an annual species, with seeds germinating in either the autumn or spring. It produces a spike of blue flowers in the spring, and during wet summers it can remain in bloom until October.

It is sometimes considered a variety of Lobelia appendiculata, which is found further to the south and west. It is distinguished by its smaller size and more glabrous calyx.

Lobelia appendiculata
Lobelia appendiculata is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family known by the common name pale lobelia. It is found in the south-central portion of North America. It is an annual herb growing up to 2 ft (0.61 m) tall.
MV Yasa Neslihan
MV Yasa Neslihan is a bulk cargo ship  owned and operated by the Istanbul based Turkish company YA-SA Denizcilik A.Ş. (YA-SA Maritime Co.), a subsidiary of YA-SA Holding A.Ş., sailing under a Marshall Islands flag of convenience. She joined company's fleet on November 14, 2005.

On October 29, 2008, the ship was captured by Somali pirates in the twenty-ninth such attack in 2008.
The Yasa Neslihan's crew (at the time of capture) consisted of 20 Turks.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia
Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding places and has a long troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. It was initially a threat to international fishing vessels during the early 2000s, only to rapidly escalate and expand to international shipping during the War in Somalia (2006–2009). The escalation of conflict between local Somali fishermen and foreign vessels occurred in a context where Somalia is estimated to lose approximately $300 million annually since 1991 due to the unauthorized extraction of marine resources using harmful methods, such as dynamite fishing, which is prohibited in a number of other regions.
Berthier—Maskinongé
Berthier—Maskinongé (French pronunciation: [bɛʁtje maskinɔ̃ʒe]; formerly known as Berthier and Berthier—Maskinongé—Lanaudière) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1953, from 1968 to 1988, and since 2004. Its population in 2001 was 103,516.

Maskinongé Regional County Municipality
Maskinongé (French pronunciation: [maskinɔ̃ʒe] ⓘ) is a regional county municipality in the Mauricie region of Quebec, Canada. The seat is Louiseville. It is located adjacent on the west of Trois-Rivières on the Saint Lawrence River.

The population according to the 2016 Canadian Census was 36,316, an increase of 0.1% over the 2011 population.
John Bloomfield (academic)
John Bloomfield AO (12 December 1932 – 1 October 2022) was an Australian sport and sport science academic and author. Bloomfield played a crucial role in the development of the Australian high performance sport system between 1973 and 1989, particularly in relation to the Australian Institute of Sport and the Australian Sports Commission. While active in the above, he lectured and conducted research at the University of Western Australia and, from time to time, in North America and Eastern and Western Europe.

Perth High Performance Centre
Perth High Performance Centre (Perth HPC) is a sports complex in Perth, Western Australia. The venue is located in the suburb of Mount Claremont, approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of Perth's central business district.

Venue facilities include an Olympic-standard aquatic centre with five pools, a diving tower, gymnasium, two arenas, and several basketball courts, as well as a café, childcare centre, sports store, office accommodation and a museum. The main indoor arena has seating for 4,500 spectators. Regular exhibitions and expos are hosted at the venue, as well as national and international sporting events and concerts.

The venue was opened in 1986 as the Superdrome, and was later known as Challenge Stadium and HBF Stadium, until being rebranded on 1 January 2025 as the Perth High Performance Centre.
Kim Ji-young, Born 1982
Kim Ji-young, Born 1982 (Korean: 82년생 김지영) is a novel by Cho Nam-Joo. A former scriptwriter for TV programs, Cho took two months to write the story as according to her, the title character "Kim Ji-young's life isn't much different from the one I have lived. That's why I was able to write so quickly without much preparation." Published by Minumsa in October 2016, it has sold more than 1 million copies as of 27 November 2018, becoming the first million-selling Korean novel since Shin Kyung-sook's Please Look After Mom in 2009.

The storyline centers on a housewife who becomes a stay-at-home mother and later develops depression. It focuses on the everyday sexism the title character experiences from youth.

Please Look After Mom
Please Look After Mom (Korean: 엄마를 부탁해) is a novel by South Korean author Kyung-sook Shin. It sold a million copies within 10 months of release in 2009 in South Korea, is critically acclaimed internationally and the English translation by Chi-young Kim won the 2011 Man Asian Literary Prize. The novel has been adapted as a stage play and musical.

As of April 2012, the book has sold two million copies and the publisher has printed a 10,000-copy special edition to commemorate the achievement. The book was also chosen by Oprah to be one of her "18 Books to Watch for in April 2011  and by Amazon as one of its "Best Books of the Month: April 2011".