hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fipexide
Fipexide (Attentil, Vigilor) is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine chemical class which was developed in Italy in 1983. It was used as a nootropic drug in Italy and France, mainly for the treatment of senile dementia, but is no longer in common use due to the occurrence of rare adverse drug reactions including fever and hepatitis. Fipexide is similar in action to other nootropic drugs such as piracetam and has a few similarities in chemical structure to centrophenoxine. Chemically, it is an amide union of parachlorophenoxyacetate and methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP), and has been shown to metabolize to the latter, which plays a significant role in its effects.

Piracetam
Piracetam is a drug that has efficacy in cognitive disorders, vertigo, cortical myoclonus, dyslexia, and sickle cell anemia; sources differ on its usefulness for dementia. Piracetam is sold as a medication in many European countries. Piracetam in the United States is not approved for general use.

Piracetam is in the racetams group, with chemical name 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide. It is a cyclic derivative of the neurotransmitter GABA and shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with pyroglutamic acid. Related drugs include the anticonvulsants levetiracetam and brivaracetam, and the putative nootropics aniracetam and phenylpiracetam.
Doo–Sabin subdivision surface
In 3D computer graphics, a Doo–Sabin subdivision surface is a type of subdivision surface based on a generalization of bi-quadratic uniform B-splines, whereas Catmull-Clark was based on generalized bi-cubic uniform B-splines. The subdivision refinement algorithm was developed in 1978 by Daniel Doo and Malcolm Sabin.

The Doo-Sabin process generates one new face at each original vertex, ⁠⁠ new faces along each original edge, and ⁠⁠ new faces at each original face. A primary characteristic of the Doo–Sabin subdivision method is the creation of four faces and four edges (valence 4) around every new vertex in the refined mesh. A drawback is that the faces created at the original vertices  may be triangles or n-gons that are not necessarily coplanar.

Bicubic interpolation
In mathematics, bicubic interpolation is an extension of cubic spline interpolation (a method of applying cubic interpolation to a data set) for interpolating data points on a two-dimensional regular grid. The interpolated surface (meaning the kernel shape, not the image) is smoother than corresponding surfaces obtained by bilinear interpolation or nearest-neighbor interpolation. Bicubic interpolation can be accomplished using either Lagrange polynomials, cubic splines, or cubic convolution algorithm.

In image processing, bicubic interpolation is often chosen over bilinear or nearest-neighbor interpolation in image resampling, when speed is not an issue. In contrast to bilinear interpolation, which only takes 4 pixels (2×2) into account, bicubic interpolation considers 16 pixels (4×4). Images resampled with bicubic interpolation can have different interpolation artifacts, depending on the b and c values chosen.
Palau Reial station
Palau Reial is a station in the Barcelona Metro and Trambaix networks, in the  Les Corts district of Barcelona. It is served by metro line L3 and tram lines T1, T2 and T3. The station draws its name from the nearby minor royal palace in Pedralbes built for Alfonso XIII in 1924, part of which nowadays hosts a Museum of Decorative Arts.

The metro station is located under Avinguda Diagonal, between Carrer del Tinent Coronel Valenzuela and the biology faculty of the University of Barcelona. It has two 94-metre (308 ft) long side platforms. The tram station is located in the Avinguda Diagonal, immediately above the metro station.

The metro station opened in 1975, along with the other stations of the section of L3 between Zona Universitària and Sants Estació stations. This section was originally operated separately from L3, and known as L3b, until the two sections were joined in 1982.

Barcelona Metro line 3
Line 3, coloured green and often simply referred to as Línia verda ("Green line"), is a metro line in Barcelona operated by TMB, and therefore part of the fare-integrated ATM transport network of the urban region. This V-shaped line is the result of the junction of two related lines: the original L3 and L3B, in 1982. The central section of L3 has the city's oldest metro stations, built in the mid-1920s, with additions almost every decade since then. All of L3 stations are underground.

Its current termini are Zona Universitària, which serves the University of Barcelona campus located on the western end of Avinguda Diagonal in Les Corts district, and Trinitat Nova in Nou Barris. There are plans for it to be extended from Trinitat Nova to Trinitat Vella, providing a connection with Line 1, and also from Zona Universitària to nearby suburbs in the Baix Llobregat area.
Tom Corbett, Space Cadet
Tom Corbett is the main character in a series of Tom Corbett—Space Cadet stories that were depicted in television, radio, books, comic books, comic strips, and other media in the 1950s.

The stories followed the adventures of Corbett, Astro, and Roger Manning (originally; later, T.J. Thistle), cadets at the Space Academy as they train to become members of the Solar Guard. The action takes place at the Academy in classrooms and bunkrooms, aboard their training ship the rocket cruiser Polaris, and on alien worlds, both within the Solar System and in orbit around nearby stars.

Grosset & Dunlap
Grosset & Dunlap is a New York City-based publishing house founded in 1898.

The company was purchased by G. P. Putnam's Sons in 1982 and today is part of Penguin Random House through its subsidiary Penguin Group.

In recent years, through the Penguin Group, they have published approximately 170 titles a year, including licensed children's books for such properties as Miss Spider, Strawberry Shortcake, Super Why!, Charlie and Lola, Nova the Robot, Weebles, Bratz, The Wiggles, Sonic X, and Atomic Betty. Grosset & Dunlap also publishes Dick and Jane children's books and, through Platt & Munk, The Little Engine That Could.
2015 Louisiana House of Representatives election
The 2015 Louisiana House of Representatives election was held on October 24, 2015, with runoff elections taking place on November 21, 2015. All 105 seats in the Louisiana House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms. It was held concurrently with elections for all statewide offices and the Louisiana State Senate.

2015 Louisiana elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Louisiana on October 24, 2015. All of Louisiana's executive officers, in addition to both houses of the Louisiana State Legislature were up for election. Under Louisiana's jungle primary system, all candidates appeared on the same ballot, regardless of party and voters voted for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation. Since no candidate received a majority of the vote during the primary election, a runoff election was held on November 21, 2015, between the top two candidates in the primary. Louisiana is the only state that has a jungle primary system (California and Washington have a similar "top two primary" system).
James H. Harvey
James Henry Harvey III (born July 13, 1923) is a retired African American United States Army Air Corps/United States Air Force (USAF) officer and former fighter pilot who served with 332nd Fighter Group's 99th Fighter Squadron, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen, "Red Tails", or among enemy German pilots, Schwarze Vogelmenschen ("Black birdmen"). He is one of the 1,007 documented Tuskegee Airmen pilots.

Harvey is best known as the first African American USAF jet fighter pilot to fly combat operations in the Korean War. Harvey and his 332nd Fighter Group Weapons pilot team won the USAF's inaugural "Top Gun" team competition in 1949. Along with every member of the Tuskegee Airmen, he received the Congressional Gold Medal in 2006.

Air Medal
The Air Medal (AM) is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. It was created in 1942 and is awarded for single acts of heroism or meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.
Metzler paradox
In economics, the Metzler paradox (named after the American economist Lloyd Metzler) is the theoretical possibility that the imposition of a tariff on imports may reduce the relative internal price of that good.  It was proposed by Lloyd Metzler in 1949 upon examination of tariffs within the Heckscher–Ohlin model.  The paradox has roughly the same status as immiserizing growth and a transfer that makes the recipient worse off.

This peculiar outcome could occur if the offer curve of the exporting country is highly inelastic. In such a scenario, the tariff reduces the duty-free cost of the imported goods to such an extent that the effect of improving the terms of trade of the tariff-imposing countries on relative prices outweighs the impact of the tariff. Such a tariff would not effectively protect the industry competing with the imported goods.

However, in practice, this scenario is deemed unlikely.

Terms of trade
The terms of trade (TOT) is the relative price of exports in terms of imports and is defined as the ratio of export prices to import prices. It can be interpreted as the amount of import goods an economy can purchase per unit of export goods.

An improvement of a nation's terms of trade benefits that country in the sense that it can buy more imports for any given level of exports.  The terms of trade may be influenced by the exchange rate because a rise in the value of a country's currency lowers the domestic prices of its imports but may not directly affect the prices of the commodities it exports.
Faisal Saeed Al Mutar
Faisal Saeed Al Mutar (Arabic: فيصل سعيد المطر; born 1991) is an Iraqi-American human-rights activist and social entrepreneur who was admitted to the United States as a refugee in 2013. He is founder of Global Conversations and Ideas Beyond Borders and formerly worked for Movements.org to assist dissidents in closed societies worldwide. He became an American citizen in June 2019.

Iraqi Americans
Iraqi Americans (Arabic: أمريكيون عراقيون) are American citizens of Iraqi descent. As of 2023, the number of Iraqi Americans is around 155,055, according to the United States Census Bureau.

According to the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services, 49,006 Iraqi foreign born immigrated to the United States between 1989 and 2001 and 25,710 Iraqi-born immigrants naturalized between 1991 and 2001. However, the 2000 United States census reported that there were approximately 90,000 immigrants born in Iraq residing in the United States.
Radisson School
Radisson School, originally Radisson Elementary School, is a K-5 school that is part of River East Transcona School Division in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Part of a tri-school campus in Transcona, the school's immediate neighbours are John W. Gunn Middle School and Transcona Collegiate.

It was built in 1957 and was originally an eight-room building. Radisson was named for famed fur trader Pierre-Esprit Radisson, the unanimous choice of the students. Margaret Underhill was the first principal of the school and first female principal in the division.

Transcona Collegiate Institute
Transcona Collegiate Institute (TCI) is a secondary education institution located in the Transcona suburb of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Transcona Collegiate teaches grades nine through twelve, with approximately 670 students and 60 staff members.

Transcona Collegiate was opened in 1969, and in the following year an additional six classrooms were added. During the 1999–2000 school year a 16,000 sq ft (1,500 m2) addition was added to the school, extending out to the west and north.
Damien McCusker
Damien McCusker (born 21 October 1966) is a Gaelic footballer who played for the Derry county team in the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. He still plays club football with Watty Graham's GAC Glen. With the exception of the 1989 season, he played as goalkeeper for all his Derry career, while he has played the vast majority of his football out-field for Glen.

McCusker was part of Derry's 1993 All-Ireland Championship winning side, as well as the 1987, 1993 and 1998 Ulster Championship winning teams. The public voted him onto the All-Time Derry Team via an online poll in 2007.

Ulster Minor Football Championship
The Ulster Minor Football Championship is the Minor "knockout" competition in the game of Gaelic football played in the province of Ulster in Ireland. The series of games are organised by the Ulster Council. The trophy for the winning side is The Larry Murray Cup. The competition began in 1930, with Armagh winning during the inaugural year. The most successful county to date is Tyrone who have won on 26 occasions. The winner and the beaten finalist represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship.
AZ Cygni
AZ Cygni (BD+45 3349) is a red supergiant (M3 Iab) in the constellation of Cygnus. Located 2,090 parsecs (6,800 ly) from Earth, it has been studied by the CHARA array in order to understand the surface variations of red supergiants.

Gaia catalogues
The Gaia catalogues are star catalogues created using the results obtained by Gaia space telescope. The catalogues are released in stages that will contain increasing amounts of information; the early releases also miss some stars, especially fainter stars located in dense star fields. Data from every data release can be accessed at the Gaia archive.
Distilling ship
A distilling ship is a class of military ships, generally converted tankers, with the capability to convert salt water into fresh water. They were typically stationed at forward bases during conflict where they supported on-the-ground troops and front line naval units.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Echinoturris
Echinoturris is a genus of minute gastropod molluscs belonging to the superfamily Conoidea, currently unassigned to a family. The genus is a monotypic fossil taxon, currently known to only have one member, Echinoturris finlayi. Fossils of the species date to early Miocene strata of the west coast of the Auckland Region, New Zealand.

Turridae
Turridae is a taxonomic family name for a number of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

The family name Turridae was originally given to a very large group of several thousand sea snail species that were thought to be closely related. The family was described with about 700 genus-group taxa and an estimated 10,000 recent and fossil species.  However, that original grouping was discovered to be polyphyletic.

In recent years, the family Turridae has been much reduced in size, because a number of other families were created to contain the monophyletic lineages that had previously been thought to belong in the same family.

The common name turrids is still used informally to refer to the polyphyletic group.
Gardner's relation
Gardner's relation, or Gardner's equation, named after Gerald H. F. Gardner and L. W. Gardner, is an empirically derived equation that relates seismic P-wave velocity to the bulk density of the lithology in which the wave travels. The equation reads:

where  is bulk density given in g/cm3,  is P-wave velocity given in ft/s, and  and  are empirically derived constants that depend on the geology. Gardner et al. proposed that one can obtain a good fit by taking  and . Assuming this, the equation is reduced to:

where the unit of  is feet/s.

If  is measured in m/s,  and the equation is:

This equation is very popular in petroleum exploration because it can provide information about the lithology from interval velocities obtained from seismic data. The constants  and  are usually calibrated from sonic and density well log information but in the absence of these, Gardner's constants are a good approximation.

Seismology
Seismology (/saɪzˈmɒlədʒi, saɪs-/; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós), meaning 'earthquake', and -λογία (-logía), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quakes) and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the environmental effects of earthquakes such as tsunamis; other seismic sources such as volcanoes, plate tectonics, glaciers, rivers, oceanic microseisms, and the atmosphere; and artificial processes such as explosions.

Paleoseismology is a related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes. A recording of Earth's motion as a function of time, created by a seismograph is called a seismogram. A seismologist is a scientist who works in basic or applied seismology.
Ayato Yoshida
Ayato Yoshida (吉田綾斗, Yoshida Ayato) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working for the Japanese promotion Active Advance Pro Wrestling where he is the former three-times 2AW Openweight Champion.

Strongest-K Championship
The Strongest-K Championship was the top singles title in Kaientai Dojo and was established in 2004. The holder of the title was referred to as the "Champion of Strongest-K". There have been a total of 27 reigns and one vacancy shared between 16 different champions. The final title holder was Ayato Yoshida.
Last Words (Ten Sharp song)
"Last Words" is the third single from the Dutch group Ten Sharp, released in January 1986. The song was written by the band and produced by Michiel Hoogenboezem. The single made it into the Dutch top 40 Tip-charts. In March 1986, they shot a video for the song in De Posthoorn church in Amsterdam.

The B-side "White Gold" is a heavy slow song about the hunt on elephants in Africa. An edited version appeared on the "You" maxi-single.

You (Ten Sharp song)
"You" is a song by Dutch band Ten Sharp. It was released in March 1991 by Columbia Records as their debut single from their first album, Under the Water-Line (1991), and became a hit in many countries, including France, Norway, and Sweden, where it reached number one.
Dobla
The dobla (plural: doblas), including dobla castellana (excelente), gran dobla, dobla de la Banda, dobla cruzada, dobla alfonsi and dobla almohade, was the name of various Iberian gold coins between the 11th and 16th centuries, ranging in value from 2-870 maravedis, depending on the year. The name originated as the "double maravedi" (hence "dobla"), a term used by Castilians for the Muslim dinar, when the maravedí was re-valued as equivalent to the Muslim half-dinar, or masmudina, by Ferdinand III. However, years later, the dobla became various new coins, and at times, a dobla was the same as the newer coins enrique or castellano (but the dobla castellana became double their value in 1475). In general, a dobla was a valuable gold coin, while the maravedi was de-valued into silver (c. 1258) or rarely copper forms. In the 16th century, the dobla was replaced by the ducado, then by the escudo (in 1537) as the standard gold coin of Spain.

Billon (alloy)
Billon (/ˈbɪlən/) is an alloy of a precious metal (most commonly silver, but also gold) with a majority base metal content (such as copper). It is used chiefly for making coins, medals, and token coins.

The word comes from the French bille, which means 'log'.
Obion, Tennessee
Obion is a town in Obion County, Tennessee, United States, along the Obion River. As of the 2020 census, Obion had a population of 991. It is part of the Union City, TN–KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Union City, Tennessee
Union City is a city in and the county seat of Obion County, Tennessee, United States. 11,170 people were living in the town as of the 2020 census. It is the principal urban settlement of the surrounding micropolitan area, which includes Obion County and Fulton County, Kentucky. Union City is home to Discovery Park of America which is a museum with many exhibits pertaining to local history, as well as state, national, and world history, science, technology, and art.
Mukhammadkarim Khurramov
Mukhammadkarim Khurramov (born 4 April 1997) is an Uzbek judoka.

Khurramov is the gold medalist of the 2020 Judo Grand Slam Düsseldorf in the ‍–‍100 kg class and represented Uzbekistan at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Banana streak virus
Banana streak virus (BSV) is a name given to various plant viruses in the genus Badnavirus.

Banana streak was first identified in 1958 in Côte d’Ivoire and is now in many countries in the tropics. The primary symptoms of disease are chlorotic streaks on the banana leaves and splitting of their pseudostem. In later stages of the disease, these streaks may become necrotic, and the heart of the pseudostem may rot, ultimately leading to death of the plant.

Although not necessary to complete the life cycle, members of Caulimoviridae (as well as Geminiviridae) have been shown to integrate into their host genomes. When the host is stressed, the integrated genome of BSV may be able to recombine out into its episomal form, though the mechanism is not well understood. While there are several copies of BSV in Musa species, only one appears to be viable in this sense. Other copies have undergone mutations that result in premature stop codons or otherwise render the genome dysfunctional.

Badnavirus
Badnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caulimoviridae order Ortervirales. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 74 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: CSSV: leaf chlorosis, root necrosis, red vein banding in young leaves, small mottled pods, and stem/root swelling followed by die-back. Infection decreases yield by 25% within one year, 50% within two years and usually kills trees within 3–4 years.
Saqsa (Yauyos)
Saqsa (Quechua for multi-colored, also spelled Sagsa) is a mountain in the Cordillera Central in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,800 metres (15,748 ft). It is located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province, Tanta District. Saqsa lies northwest of Paqarin Pawka at a lake named Ch'uspiqucha.

Cordillera Central (Peru)
The Cordillera Central (Spanish for central mountain range) is part of the Andes in Peru. It extends in a northerly direction approximately between 11º 39’ and 12º 37’S and 75º 30’ and 76º 20’W (or between 11°37' and 12°26'S and 75°30' and 76°18'W) for about 60 km to 100 km. It contains the Paryaqaqa (P), Yauyos (Y) and Pichqa Waqra (PW) mountain ranges. It is located in the Junín Region and in the Lima Region.

The name Cordillera Central is also applied to one of the three ranges that cross Peru in a northwesterly direction between the Cordillera Occidental ("the western range") where the Cordillera Central of the Junín and Lima Regions is located and the Cordillera Oriental ("the eastern range").  The mountaineer Evelio Echevarría uses the term for the La Viuda range and the Khaskaqucha range.