hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1st Missouri Infantry Regiment (Confederate)
The 1st Missouri Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.  Originally commanded by Colonel John S. Bowen, the regiment fought at the Battle of Shiloh, where it was engaged near the Peach Orchard on April 6, 1862.  On April 7, during the Union counterattacks at Shiloh, the regiment was instrumental in preventing the Washington Artillery from being captured.  The regiment was next engaged at the Second Battle of Corinth, where it outflanked several Union positions.  On the second day at Corinth, the regiment was only minimally engaged.  On November 7, the 1st Missouri Infantry was combined with the 4th Missouri Infantry to form the 1st and 4th Missouri Infantry (Consolidated), as a result of heavy battle losses in both regiments.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Xenesthis immanis
Xenesthis immanis, the Colombian lesser black tarantula, is a terrestrial bird spider (tarantula) found in Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru. It is a relatively large spider with a body length reaching 6–7 cm and a length width reaching 19–22 cm. It frequently displays a commensal or mutualistic relationship with the microhylid frog Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata. The relationship described is one where the spider may protect the frog and its eggs from predators while the frog protects the spider's eggs from ants. It has also been observed closely associating with Hamptophryne boliviana, another microhylid.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Marco Huck
Muamer Hukić (born 11 November 1984), best known as Marco Huck, is a Bosniak German professional boxer. He held the WBO cruiserweight title from 2009 to 2015, and is the joint-longest reigning cruiserweight world champion of all time, having made thirteen consecutive successful defenses, a division record shared with Johnny Nelson. Huck also held the IBO cruiserweight title from 2016 to 2017, the European cruiserweight title from 2008 to 2009, and has challenged once for the WBA (Regular) heavyweight title in 2012.

Max-Schmeling-Halle
Max-Schmeling-Halle is a multi-purpose arena, in Berlin, Germany, named after the famous German boxer Max Schmeling. Apart from Uber Arena and the Velodrom, it is one of Berlin's biggest indoor sports arenas and holds from 8,861 people, up to 12,000 people.

The opening ceremony took place on 14 December 1996 in the presence of Max Schmeling.
Kraichgau
The Kraichgau (German: [ˈkʁaɪçɡaʊ] ⓘ) is a hilly region in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany.  It is bordered by the Odenwald and the Neckar to the North, the Black Forest to the South, and the Upper Rhine Plain to the West.  To the east, its boundary is considered to be the Stromberg and the Heuchelberg.

The largest towns of the Kraichgau are Sinsheim, Eppingen, and Bretten. On the western end of the Kraichgau is the town of Bruchsal, the gateway to the Rhineland plains.

The mild climate and fertile soils allow for rural land use for orchards, vineyards and arable farming. Geographic features of the area include the Neckar and Enz river valleys and the Stromberg-Heuchelberg Nature Park.

The hilly region hosts an Ironman competition.

Upper Rhine Plain
The Upper Rhine Plain, Rhine Rift Valley or Upper Rhine Graben (German: Oberrheinische Tiefebene, Oberrheinisches Tiefland or Oberrheingraben, French: Vallée du Rhin) is a major rift, about 350-kilometre-long (220 mi) and on average 50-kilometre-wide (31 mi), between Basel in the south and the cities of Frankfurt/Wiesbaden in the north. Its southern section straddles the France–Germany border. It forms part of the European Cenozoic Rift System, which extends across Central Europe. The Upper Rhine Graben formed during the Oligocene, as a response to the evolution of the Alps to the south. It remains active to the present day. Today, the Rhine Rift Valley forms a downfaulted trough through which the river Rhine flows.
Andri Rúnar Bjarnason
Andri Rúnar Bjarnason (born 12 November 1990) is an Icelandic professional footballer who plays as a forward for Stjarnan. In 2017, he tied the Besta deild karla single season goal record with 19 goals. The following year, he debuted for the Iceland national team.

2018 Superettan
The 2018 Superettan was part of the 2018 Swedish football season, and the 19th season of Superettan, Sweden's second-tier football division in its current format. A total of 16 teams contest the league.

Fixtures for the 2018 season were announced on 21 December 2017.
Herschel Clay Baker
Herschel Clay Baker (8 November 1914, Cleburne, Texas – 2 February 1990, Belmont, Massachusetts) was an American professor of English literature, specializing in the intellectual history of Christian humanism and its erosion.

He studied at Southern Methodist University and received his PhD from Harvard in 1939. He then taught at the University of Texas for seven years, In 1946 he joined the staff of Harvard, and later served several terms as the chair of its English department.

Baker's 1947 book The Dignity of Man is a series of chronological studies tracing the development of Christian humanism until the Reformation. His 1952 book on the decay of Christian humanism relies on earlier work by Hardin Craig and Basil Willey.

Baker was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic years 1956–1957 and 1963–1964. In 1966 he was made an Honorary Doctor of Letters by Southern Methodist University.

Hardin Craig
Hardin Craig (29 June 1875 – 13 October 1968) was an American Renaissance scholar and professor of English. In his 65-year academic career, he served on the faculties of eight different colleges and universities, published more than 20 books as either author or editor, and was one of the few Americans to be elected to the Royal Society of Literature in Britain.
MTR Corporation
MTR Corporation Limited is a majority government-owned public transport operator and property developer in Hong Kong which operates the Mass Transit Railway, the most popular public transport network in Hong Kong. It is listed on the Hong Kong Exchange and is a component of the Hang Seng Index. The MTR additionally invests in railways across different parts of the world, including franchised contracts to operate rapid transit systems in Beijing, Hangzhou, Macao, Shenzhen, Sydney, and a suburban rail system in Melbourne.

Storstockholms Lokaltrafik
Storstockholms Lokaltrafik known as SL, (lit. 'Greater Stockholm Local Transport') is the public transport organisation responsible for managing land-based public transport in Stockholm County, Sweden. SL oversees a network that includes the Tunnelbana metro, Pendeltåg commuter trains, buses, trams, local rail, and some ferry services.

SL's network serves approximately 700,000 daily passengers and is financed through a combination of regional taxes and fare revenues. The organisation operates under a unified ticketing system, and contracts with several private operators to run its services, including Transdev, SJ, VR Sverige, Keolis, and Stockholms Spårvägar.
Communicatio in sacris
In the Catholic Church, communicatio in sacris ("communion in sacred [things]"; also translated as "worship in common": n.8 ), also called communicatio in divinis ("communion in divine [things]") or communicatio in ritibus ("communion in rites"), designates the regulations for the partaking of a Catholic person to a non-Catholic sacrament or liturgical celebration, or for the partaking of a non-Catholic person to a Catholic sacrament or liturgical celebration. The expression is also used to refer to said acts of partaking themselves.

Communicatio in sacris is legislated mainly by two canons: canon 844 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, and canon 671 of the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEC; Latin: Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium, abbreviated CCEO) is the title of the 1990 work which is a codification of the common portions of the canon law for the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches in the Catholic Church. It is divided into 30 titles and has a total of 1546 canons. The code entered into force in 1991.

The western Latin Church is governed by its own particular code, the 1983 Code of Canon Law.
Stephen C. Sillett
Stephen C. Sillett (born March 19, 1968) is an American botanist specializing in old growth forest canopies. As the first scientist to enter the redwood forest canopy, he pioneered new methods for climbing, exploring, and studying tall trees. Sillett has climbed many of the world's tallest trees to study the plant and animal life residing in their crowns and is generally recognized as an authority on tall trees, especially redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens).

He is the first Kenneth L. Fisher Chair in Redwood Forest Ecology for the Department of Biological Sciences at Cal Poly Humboldt. He is featured in Richard Preston's New York Times best seller The Wild Trees, as well as in academic journals, general interest magazines, and nature television programs. He lives in Arcata, California, with wife Marie Antoine, a botanist and fellow forest canopy research scientist.

Ecological Society of America
The Ecological Society of America (ESA) is a professional organization of ecological scientists. Based in the United States and founded in 1915, ESA publications include peer-reviewed journals, newsletters, fact sheets, and teaching resources. It holds an annual meeting at different locations in the USA and Canada. In addition to its publications and annual meeting, ESA is engaged in public policy, science, education, and diversity issues.

ESA's 9,000 members are researchers, educators, natural resource managers, and students in over 90 countries. Members work on a wide range of topics, from agroecology to marine diversity, and explore the relationships between organisms and their past, present, and future environments. As of June 2023 the society has 32 topical sections, six regional chapters, and ten committees.
Flag of La Pampa
The flag of the Argentine province of La Pampa is divided into three horizontal stripes, light blue, white and light blue. This is the same color scheme as the national flag of Argentina, but the difference is the Sun of May, which on the flag of La Pampa is obscured by the coat of arms of the province.

La Pampa Province
La Pampa (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈpampa]) is a sparsely populated province of Argentina, located in the Pampas in the center of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise San Luis, Córdoba, Buenos Aires, Río Negro, Neuquén and Mendoza.
Craig Jarrett
Craig Jarrett (born July 17, 1979) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins. He played college football for the Michigan State Spartans and was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the sixth round of the 2002 NFL draft with the 194th overall pick.

Jarrett is perhaps best known for taking out two players from Marshall University following a punt during a college football match-up between Michigan State and Marshall.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Ramsgate Airport
Ramsgate Airport was a civil airfield at Ramsgate, Kent, United Kingdom which opened in July 1935. It was briefly taken over by the Royal Air Force in the Second World War, becoming RAF Ramsgate. The airfield was then closed and obstructed to prevent its use. It reopened in 1953 and served until final closure in 1968. The site has now been redeveloped as an industrial estate.

Ramsgate
Ramsgate is a seaside port town and civil parish in the district of Thanet in eastern Kent, England. It was one of the great English seaside towns of the 19th century. In 2021 it had a population of 42,027. Ramsgate's main attraction is its coastline, and its main industries are tourism and fishing. The town has one of the largest marinas on the English south coast, and the Port of Ramsgate  provided cross-channel ferries for many years.
Moel y Gaer, Llanbedr
Moel y Gaer (Welsh for "bald hill of the fortress"), also known as Moel-y-Gaer Camp or Moel y Gaer Hillfort, is an Iron Age hillfort located on a western spur of the Clwydian Range, near the village of Llanbedr, Denbighshire, Wales. The site is a scheduled monument, classified as a prehistoric defensive hillfort.

The hillfort is one of a chain of six hillforts in the Clwydian Range, which are, from north to south, Moel Hiraddug, Moel y Gaer Bodfari, Penycloddiau, Moel Arthur, Moel y Gaer Llanbedr, and Moel Fenlli.

Foel Fenlli
Foel Fenlli or Moel Fenlli is a hill in Denbighshire, North Wales. With a summit at an elevation of 511 metres (1,677 ft), it is the second highest peak of the Clwydian Range.

A popular ascent leads south from the car park at Bwlch Penbarras, which is also a popular starting point for ascending Moel Famau to the north. The Offa's Dyke Path runs around the western slopes. The remains of a hillfort roughly 25 acres in area are found on the peak.
Yagnelis Mestre
Yagnelis Mestre (born October 24, 1983, in Havana) is a Cuban judoka, who played for the half-middleweight category. She won a bronze medal for the 57 kg class at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Mestre represented Cuba at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for the women's half-lightweight class (52 kg). She lost the first preliminary match to North Korea's An Kum-Ae, who scored a waza-ari-awasete-ippon before the start of the second minute. Because her opponent advanced further into the final match against China's Xian Dongmei, Mestre offered another shot for a bronze medal through the repechage, where she was defeated by Venezuela's Flor Velázquez, who only scored a single koka within a five-minute period.

Xian Dongmei
Xian Dongmei (simplified Chinese: 冼东妹; traditional Chinese: 冼東妹; pinyin: Xiǎn Dōngmèi; Jyutping: Sin2 Dung1 Mui6; born 15 September 1975 in Sihui, Zhaoqing, Guangdong) is a female Chinese Judoka who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Olympics.

A Hakka born in Sihui, she won the gold medal in the half-lightweight class in both the 2004 and 2008 Olympics.

Xian gave birth to a daughter only four months before beginning training for Beijing.
Percival Prentice
The Percival Prentice was a basic trainer of the Royal Air Force in the early postwar period.  It was a low-wing monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage. Front seating was in a side-by-side configuration with a rear seat provided.

De Havilland Gipsy Queen
The de Havilland Gipsy Queen is a British six-cylinder aero engine of 9.2 litres (560 cu in) capacity that was developed in 1936 by the de Havilland Engine Company. It was developed from the de Havilland Gipsy Six for military aircraft use. Produced between 1936 and 1950 Gipsy Queen engines still power vintage de Havilland aircraft types today.
Nileh, Lorestan
Nileh (Persian: نيله, also Romanized as Nīleh and Neyleh) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 239, in 52 families.

Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District
Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهدشت شمالی) is in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Namju. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Horin Khalifeh.
TVBoy
Salvatore Benintende (born 16 July 1980), known by the pseudonym TVBoy (rendered with various capitalisations), is an Italian neo-pop street artist. He is known for his murals depicting footballers and current affairs, particularly George Floyd following his murder, Vladimir Putin following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022, and Alexia Putellas following her first Ballon d'Or Féminin win. Having begun his work in street art in 1996, he has been described as "the Banksy of Barcelona", one of the cities, along with Palermo and Milan, he is known for decorating.

Street artist
A street artist is a person who makes art in public places. Street artists include portrait artists, caricaturists, graffiti artists, muralists and people making crafts. Street artists can also refer to street performers such as musicians, acrobats, jugglers, living statues, and street theatre performers. Street artists can be seen throughout the world.
Gamma Sigma Delta
Gamma Sigma Delta (ΓΣΔ), or more fully, the Honor Society of Agriculture, Gamma Sigma Delta, is an international honor society for agriculture students and those in related fields. Founded in 1913, it is the oldest and largest such society for its academic discipline, which also includes Delta Tau Alpha, founded in 1960.

Honor society
In the United States, an honor society is an organization that recognizes and promotes scholarship, leadership, service, research, professional accomplishment, or other forms of distinction. Membership standards vary by organization and may include academic performance, nomination, demonstrated contribution, or other defined criteria. Some youth, civic and professional organizations use similar recognition models; for example, the Order of the Arrow serves as an honor society within the Boy Scouts of America.
Chira Nakhon Stadium
7°01′13″N 100°28′18″E﻿ / ﻿7.020194°N 100.471528°E﻿ / 7.020194; 100.471528

Chiranakhon Stadium (Thai: สนามกีฬาจิระนคร) is a football stadium in Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand.  It was the home stadium of Young Singh Hatyai United F.C., Hatyai F.C. and Songkhla F.C..  The stadium holds 25,000 spectators and opened in 1944.

Songkhla F.C.
Songkhla Football Club (Thai สโมสรฟุตบอลจังหวัดสงขลา) is a Thai professional football club based in Songkhla Province, a province located in Southern Thailand.

They set to compete in Thai League 2 from 2025–26 season, the second tier of Thailand football after promotion from Thai League 3 in 2024–25 season.
Chang Yŏngsil
Chang Yŏngsil (Korean: 장영실; Hanja: 蔣英實; pronounced [t͡ɕɐŋ jʌŋɕiɭ]; ? – after 1442) was a Korean mechanical engineer, scientist, and inventor during the Joseon dynasty. He was born to a mother who was a government-registered courtesan (관기; 官妓) and a father of Yuan dynasty descent. Although Chang was born a nobi (slave), King Sejong gave him a court-technician position in the royal court.

Chang's inventions, such as the ch'ŭgugi (the rain gauge) and the water gauge, highlight the technological advancements of the Joseon dynasty.

Hall of Worthies
The Hall of Worthies, or Jiphyeonjeon (Korean pronunciation: [tɕi.pʰjʌn.dʑʌn]; Korean: 집현전; Hanja: 集賢殿), was a Korean royal research institute during the Joseon period. Although the institute de jure had existed for a long time even before the dynasty, it became a significant institution only after being reformed fundamentally by King Sejong the Great in the 3rd month of 1420, until it was dissolved in the 6th month of 1456 by King Sejo.

The Hall of Worthies is known for its role in compiling the Hunminjeongeum, the original treatise on Hangul.
Sierra del Tigre
Sierra del Tigre is a mountain range in northeastern Sonora, Mexico at the northern region of the Sierra Madre Occidental. The region contains sky island mountain ranges, called the Madrean Sky Islands, some separated from the Sierra Madre Occidental proper, and occurring in the northeastern Sonoran Desert, and extreme west-northwestern Chihuahuan Desert. Many of the ranges occur in southeast Arizona.

The Sierra del Tigre mountain range lies south of the San Bernardino Valley (Arizona) south of the Chiricahua Mountains; also the Swisshelm, Pedrogosa, and Perilla Mountains. The range is southeast of Douglas, Arizona-Agua Prieta, Sonora.

Chiricahua Mountains
The Chiricahua Mountains are a mountain range in southeastern Arizona and part of the Basin and Range province of the western and southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The range lies primarily within the Coronado National Forest. Chiricahua Peak, the highest point in the range, rises 9,759 feet (2,975 m) above sea level, about 6,000 feet (1,800 m) above the surrounding valleys. The mountains are named for the Chiricahua Apache, who historically lived in the region.
Aspergillus teporis
Aspergillus teporis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Aspergillus section. The species was first described in 2017. It has been reported to produce echinulins, epiheveadrides, isoechinulins, and neoechinulins.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
HD 89307 b
HD 89307 b is an exoplanet orbiting the star HD 89307 located approximately 104 light-years away in the constellation of Leo. The planet takes roughly 2164 days or 5.9 years to orbit its star. The planet's minimum mass is 1.92 MJ; initially, the true mass could not be determined since the inclination was unknown. As is common for many long-period exoplanets, the eccentricity is greater than any planets in the Solar System, orbiting at an average distance of 3.28 AU. The speed of the wobble caused by the planet's gravity is 31 meters per second. The average orbital velocity is 16.6 m/s. In 2023, the inclination and true mass of HD 89307 b were determined via astrometry.

HD 89307
HD 89307 is a star in the equatorial constellation of Leo. It is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye except under ideal conditions, having an apparent visual magnitude of 7.02. The star is located at a distance of 104 light-years (32 parsecs) from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +23 km/s.

This is an ordinary G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G0V. It is chromospherically inactive and appears older than the Sun with a rotation period of 23.7 days. The star has about the same mass as the Sun and is 8% larger. It is radiating 1.35 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,950 K.