hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afro-American Museum of Pompano Beach
The Afro-American Museum of Pompano Beach was a museum that was located at 295 NW Sixth St., Pompano Beach, Florida. It operated from 1983 to 1985, but closed because of lack of community support. It was founded and run by Karl Weaver.

Pompano Beach, Florida
Pompano Beach (/ˈpɒmpənoʊ/ POM-pə-noh) is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. It is located along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, just north of Fort Lauderdale and 36 miles north of Miami. The nearby Hillsboro Inlet forms part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to 6.14 million people in 2020. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,046, making it the sixth-largest city in Broward County, the ninth-largest city in the South Florida metropolitan area, and the 20th-largest city in Florida.

Pompano Beach Airpark, located within the city, is the home of the Goodyear Blimp Spirit of Innovation.
102nd meridian west
The meridian 102° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 102nd meridian west forms a great circle with the 78th meridian east.

In Canada, part of the border between the Northwest Territories and Nunavut is defined by the meridian, and part of the border between Saskatchewan and Manitoba runs about 400m west of the meridian. At the 60th parallel north, these borders form a (possible) quadripoint at the four corners of these provinces and territories. 102°W is the Second Meridian of Canada's Dominion Land Survey.

In the United States, the meridian formed the eastern border of the historic and extralegal Territory of Jefferson. The eastern border of Colorado with Nebraska and Kansas lies on the 25th meridian west from Washington, which lies a couple of miles west of the 102nd meridian west.

Washington meridians
The Washington meridians are four meridians that were used as prime meridians in the United States which pass through Washington, D.C. The four that have been specified are:

through the Capitol

through the White House

through the old Naval Observatory

through the new Naval Observatory.

Their longitudes may be reported in three ways:

relative to the local vertical used by astronomic observations

relative to NAD 27 (North American Datum 1927), an ellipsoid of revolution that is at mean sea level beneath triangulation station Meades Ranch, Kansas (not Earth-centered);

relative to NAD 83, an Earth-centered ellipsoid of revolution with dimensions chosen to best fit the undulating (±100 m) geoid (world-wide mean sea level).

NAD83 longitude of the Capitol is about 1.1 arc seconds less than its NAD27 longitude; astronomic longitude there is about 4 arc seconds less than NAD83.
Xi Jinping Boulevard
Xi Jinping Boulevard (Khmer: មហាវិថីស៊ីជីនពីង) is a boulevard in Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia.

It was named after General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping. It complements the existing Mao Zedong Boulevard.

Boulevard
A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway or wide road in a commercial district.

In Europe, boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls.

In North American usage, boulevards may be wide, multi-lane thoroughfares divided with only a central median.
NGC 4129
NGC 4129 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background for is 1,534±25 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 73.8 ± 5.3 Mly (22.62 ± 1.63 Mpc). Additionally, 12 non-redshift measurements give a distance of 67.21 ± 2.35 Mly (20.608 ± 0.721 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 3 March 1786. It was also observed by Heinrich d'Arrest on 15 March 1866, causing it to be listed twice in the New General Catalogue, as NGC 4129 and as NGC 4130.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Williamson theorem
In the context of linear algebra and symplectic geometry, the Williamson theorem concerns the diagonalization of positive definite matrices through symplectic matrices.

More precisely, given a strictly positive-definite  Hermitian real matrix , the theorem ensures the existence of a real symplectic matrix , and a diagonal positive real matrix , such that where  denotes the 2x2 identity matrix.

Identity matrix
In linear algebra, the identity matrix of size  is the  square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It has unique properties, for example when the identity matrix represents a geometric transformation, the object remains unchanged by the transformation. In other contexts, it is analogous to multiplying by the number 1.
Alberton, South Australia
Alberton is a metropolitan suburb in the west of Adelaide, South Australia, about 20 minutes drive from the city. Part of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield, it is bordered by the suburbs of Rosewater, Queenstown, Cheltenham and Port Adelaide.

Rosewater, South Australia
Rosewater is one of the western suburbs of Adelaide and is located 10 km north-west of Adelaide's central business district. Although mainly residential, there are many shops along Grand Junction Road and the closed Rosewater Loop railway line runs through the suburb. Rosewater is split in half by Grand Junction Road and bordered on the east by Addison Road, and on the south by Torrens Road.

Originally, the area was mainly used as vegetable and dairy farmland but became more and more residential as the railway lines and Grand Junction Road were completed and as Port Adelaide grew and developed. Rosewater was also the site of the AdelaideRadio (VIA) maritime radio station system from 1912 to 1963.
French post offices abroad
The French post offices abroad were a global network of post offices in foreign countries established by France to provide mail service where the local services were deemed unsafe or unreliable.  They were generally set up in cities with some sort of French commercial interest.

They started appearing in the early 19th century, reached their heyday at the beginning of the 20th century, then started closing down in the 1910s and 1920s, with the office at Kwangchou in China holding out until the 1940s.

Offices abroad:

French post offices in China

French post offices in Crete

French post offices in Egypt

French post offices in the Ottoman Empire

French post offices in Zanzibar

French post offices in Crete
The French post offices in Crete were among a collection of post offices maintained by foreign countries during the late 1800s/early 1900s, after Crete had broken away from the Ottoman Empire, and until 1914 after Crete united with Greece in 1913. The offices were in Chania LA CANEE Rethymnon RETHYMNO Heraklion CANDIE Sitia SITIA Ierapetra HIERAPETRA and Agios Nikolaos SAN NICOLO; the last three were already closed end of 1899

France issued postage stamps for its offices in Crete in 1902 and 1903. The first set included 15 values, from one centime to five francs, consisting of the design of the French stamps of 1900, modified to be inscribed "CRETE". This was only a partial solution, since the local currency was still in piastres, and so in 1903 the post offices issued five of the larger values surcharged with values from one to twenty piastres.
Union of Upper Silesians
The Union of Upper Silesians (German: Bund der Oberschlesier; Polish: Związek Górnoślązaków; Silesian: Ferajn Gůrnoślůnzokůw) was an early 20th-century movement for the independence of Upper Silesia.
The movement had its genesis during the revolutions of 1848. Allied with the Silesian People's Party, it dissolved in 1924 but has influenced the present-day Silesian Autonomy Movement.

Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia (Polish: Górny Śląsk [ˈɡurnɨ ˈɕlɔ̃sk] ⓘ ; Silesian: Gůrny Ślůnsk, Gōrny Ślōnsk; Czech: Horní Slezsko; German: Oberschlesien [ˈoːbɐˌʃleːzi̯ən] ⓘ ; Silesian German: Oberschläsing; Latin: Silesia Superior) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located today mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. The area is predominantly known for its heavy industry (mining and metallurgy).
Stichomythia
Stichomythia (Ancient Greek: στιχομυθία, romanized: stikhomuthía) is a technique in verse drama in which sequences of single alternating lines, or half-lines (hemistichomythia) or two-line speeches (distichomythia) are given to alternating characters. It typically features repetition and antithesis. The term originated in the theatre of Ancient Greece, though many dramatists since have used the technique. Etymologically it derives from the Greek stikhos ("row, line of verse") + muthos ("speech, talk").

Stichomythia is particularly well suited to sections of dramatic dialogue where two characters are in violent dispute. The rhythmic intensity of the alternating lines combined with quick, biting ripostes in the dialogue can create a powerful effect.

Pierre Corneille
Pierre Corneille (/kɔːrˈneɪ/ kor-NAY, French: [pjɛʁ kɔʁnɛj]; 6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French tragedian. He is generally considered one of the three great 17th-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.

As a young man, he earned the valuable patronage of Cardinal Richelieu, who was trying to promote classical tragedy along formal lines, but later quarrelled with him, especially over his best-known play, Le Cid, about the medieval Spanish warrior, which was denounced by the newly formed Académie française for breaching the unities. He continued to write well-received tragedies for nearly forty years.
History of Ranchi district
Ranchi district is one among the twenty-four districts of the state of Jharkhand in Eastern India. This region was under the control of the Magadha Empire, then it was a part of the Mauryan Empire under Ashoka and later a part of the Gupta Empire. After the fall of the Gupta Empire a legendary king named Phanimukut established the Nagvanshi dynasty and controlled the Chota Nagpur Plateau region for several centuries thereafter.

Magadha
Magadha (IPA: [məɡəd̪ʰaː]) was a region and kingdom in ancient India, based in the eastern Ganges Plain. It was one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas during the Second Urbanization period. The region was ruled by several dynasties, which overshadowed, conquered, and incorporated the other Mahajanapadas. Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism and formed the core of the Maurya Empire (c. 320–185 BCE).
Danny Williams (rugby)
Daniel Williams (born 26 September 1986) is an English rugby league footballer who last played for the Bradford Bulls in the Championship.

Williams played for Leeds, and spent 2007 on loan at Castleford, and, due to injuries to first choice wingers Gareth Raynor and Matt Sing, has moved to Hull FC for the start of 2008's Super League XIII.

After returning from loan at Hull F.C. to Leeds Rhinos, it was announced that Williams was switching codes, to join Guinness Premiership side, Newcastle Falcons, in time for the start of their 2008/09 campaign. On 11 January he scored a try for the Falcons in their shock victory over Gloucester RFC.

On 7 June 2011, Williams took a route back into rugby league by agreeing a one-month trial period with Super League club Hull Kingston Rovers

Williams signed a 2½-year deal with Super League club Salford City Reds on 8 July 2011.

Matt Sing
Matthew Charles Sing (born 13 March 1975) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. An Australian and Queensland representative, Sing played his club football for the Penrith Panthers, Sydney Roosters and North Queensland Cowboys in the National Rugby League (NRL) and for Hull FC in the Super League.

Sing was the sixth player in Australian first grade history to score 150 tries and, as of 2025, is equal tenth on the all-time try scorers list.
Roni Jones-Perry
Veronica "Roni" Jones-Perry (born January 20, 1997) is an American professional volleyball player who has played as an outside hitter for the United States national team since 2019. Professionally, she currently plays in United States for LOVB Salt Lake.

She previously played professional volleyball for the Italian Serie A1 team Volley Millenium Brescia and Polish teams Radomka Radom, Budowlani Łódź, ŁKS Commercecon Łódź and Brazilian team Sesc-RJ/Flamengo.

She played collegiately at Brigham Young University, where she was an All-American in 2017 and 2018. She was named Utah's Female Athlete of the Year following her senior season.

Polish Women's Volleyball League
The Polish Women's Volleyball League, officially known as the Tauron Liga due to its sponsorship by Tauron (previously known as Orlen Liga and PlusLiga Kobiet), is the highest level of women's volleyball played in Poland.
Gateway Unified School District
Gateway Unified School District is a school district in the north side of Redding, California. Gateway has one elementary school, two K-8 schools, and two high schools. Kyle Turner is the current superintendent.

The following are schools in this district:

Buckeye School of the Arts

Central Valley High School

Shasta Lake School

Mountain Lakes High School

Grand Oaks Elementary School

Rocky Point Charter School

Redding, California
Redding is a city in and the county seat of Shasta County, California, and the economic and cultural capital of the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California. Redding lies along the Sacramento River, 162 miles (261 km) north of Sacramento, and 120 miles (190 km) south of California's northern border with Oregon. Its population was 93,611 at the 2020 census.
Soummam conference
The Congress of Soummam was the founding act of the modern Algerian state and a crucial element of success of the Algerian War of Independence. It took place on 20 August 1956, when the FLN's leadership in Algeria met secretly in the Soummam Valley (Ighbane and Ifri at Ouzellaguen) to compose a common platform and create a new organizational structure.

Saad Dahlab
Saad Dahlab (April 18, 1918 – December 16, 2000) was an Algerian nationalist and politician. A long-time national activist, he played a part in virtually all the early Algerian nationalist movements: L'Étoile Nord-Africaine (ENA), the Parti du Peuple Algérien (PPA) and the Mouvement pour la Triomphe des Libertés Démocratiques (MTLD), all of them headed by Messali Hadj.
György Bartal
György Bartal the Younger de Beleháza (20 September 1820 – 25 October 1875) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Trade between 1874 and 1875. His father was the legal historian Sr. György Bartal.

Minister of Agriculture (Hungary)
The minister of agriculture of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország földművelésügyi minisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Agriculture. The current agriculture minister is István Nagy.

The position was called Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Trade (Hungarian: földmívelés-, ipar-, és kereskedelemügyi miniszter) from 1848 to 1889, People's Commissar of Agriculture (Hungarian: földmívelésügyi népbiztos) during the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919, Minister of Agriculture and Food (Hungarian: mezőgazdasági és élelmezésügyi miniszter) between 1967 and 1990, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (Hungarian: földművelésügyi és vidékfejlesztési miniszter) from 1998 till 2010 and Minister of Rural Development (Hungarian: vidékfejlesztési miniszter) between 2010 and 2014.
Locally simply connected space
In mathematics, a locally simply connected space is a topological space that admits a basis of simply connected sets. Every locally simply connected space is also locally path-connected and locally connected.

The circle is an example of a locally simply connected space which is not simply connected. The Hawaiian earring is a space which is neither locally simply connected nor simply connected.  The cone on the Hawaiian earring is contractible and therefore simply connected, but still not locally simply connected.

All topological manifolds and CW complexes are locally simply connected. In fact, these satisfy the much stronger property of being locally contractible.

A strictly weaker condition is that of being semi-locally simply connected. Both locally simply connected spaces and simply connected spaces are semi-locally simply connected, but neither converse holds.

Topological manifold
In topology, a topological manifold is a topological space that locally resembles real n-dimensional Euclidean space. Topological manifolds are an important class of topological spaces, with applications throughout mathematics. All manifolds are topological manifolds by definition. Other types of manifolds are formed by adding structure to a topological manifold (e.g. differentiable manifolds are topological manifolds equipped with a differential structure). Every manifold has an "underlying" topological manifold, obtained by simply "forgetting" the added structure. However, not every topological manifold can be endowed with a particular additional structure. For example, the E8 manifold is a topological manifold which cannot be endowed with a differentiable structure.
1891 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1891 Princeton Tigers football team represented Princeton University in the 1891 college football season. The team finished with a 12–1 record. The Tigers recorded 12 shutouts and outscored opponents by a combined total of 391 to 0 in their first 12 games. The team's sole loss was in the final game of the season by a 19–0 score against Yale.

Three Princeton players, quarterback Philip King, fullback Sheppard Homans, Jr., and guard Jesse Riggs, were consensus first-team honorees on the 1891 College Football All-America Team.

Jesse Riggs
Jesse Bright Riggs (February 3, 1870 – March 9, 1945) was an All-American football player.  Riggs played for the Princeton University football team from 1888 to 1891. He was an All-American in 1890 and captain of the 1891 Princeton football team.
1973 Australian Grand Prix
The 1973 Australian Grand Prix was a race for Australian Formula 1 and Australian Formula 2 racing cars, the former class incorporating Formula 5000 cars. It was held on 4 November at Sandown and was the second AGP in a row to be held at that circuit.

It was the thirty eighth Australian Grand Prix and doubled as round four of the 1973 Australian Drivers' Championship.  Defending winner Graham McRae won his second AGP ahead of John McCormack and Johnnie Walker.

1973 Australian Drivers' Championship
The 1973 Australian Drivers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned national motor racing title open to drivers of Australian Formula 1 and Australian Formula 2 cars. It was the seventeenth Australian Drivers' Championship and the championship winner was awarded the 1973 CAMS "Gold Star".

The championship was won by John McCormack driving an Elfin MR5 Repco Holden.
Giovanni Francesco Romanelli
Giovanni Francesco Romanelli (Viterbo, 1610 – Viterbo, 9 November 1662) was a major Italian painter of the Baroque period, celebrated for his use of bright, vivid colors and also for his clarity of detail. Many of his works are on display in the Louvre.

Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri
The Basilica of St. Mary of the Angels and of the Martyrs (Latin: Beatissimae Virginis et omnium Angelorum et Martyrum, Italian: Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri) is a Catholic titular minor basilica and former Carthusian conventual church in Rome constructed in the ruined frigidarium and tepidarium of the Roman Baths of Diocletian in the Piazza della Repubblica.

It was constructed in the 16th century following an original design by Michelangelo Buonarroti. Other architects and artists added to the church over the following centuries. During the Kingdom of Italy, the church was used for religious state functions.
For All Debts Public and Private
"For All Debts Public and Private" is the 40th episode of the HBO television series The Sopranos and the first episode of the show's fourth season. Written by David Chase and directed by Allen Coulter, it originally aired on September 15, 2002.

Carmela Soprano
Carmela Soprano (née DeAngelis), played by Edie Falco, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos. She is married to Mafia boss Tony Soprano. A young Carmela, portrayed by Lauren DiMario, appears in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark. She is known for her strength, intelligence, and conflicted feelings about her marriage and lifestyle.

Falco's performance as Carmela was universally lauded. She won three Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 1999, 2001 and 2003, and received six nominations for her role in the series. Falco has also won two Golden Globe Awards and three Screen Actors Guild Awards.
B. J. Edwards
Benjamin Joseph Edwards (1838–1914) was a pioneer in photography. Edwards worked on the construction and design of instantaneous shutters and originated the method of intensifying plates with mercuric iodide. He was the first, in 1887, to make orthochromatic plates in Britain.

Edwards lived at Wistowe House in Hayes, Middlesex, which also housed the small factory where for a time he manufactured a special type of printing paper marketed as "Wisto". Edwards died just before the First World War in 1914. A photograph of Edwards may be found in the 1926 edition of the British Journal Photographic Almanac.

B. J. Edwards became a limited company in 1900. In the 1906 edition of the British Journal Photographic Almanac, their advertisement states that Edwards himself once more had sole control of the company. The company was acquired by Leto Photo materials Co. (1905) Ltd. in 1909. The Ealing works remained and Edwards became a brand name.

Photographic plate
Photographic plates preceded film as the primary medium for capturing images in photography. These plates, made of metal or glass and coated with a light-sensitive emulsion, were integral to early photographic processes such as heliography, daguerreotypes, and photogravure. Glass plates, thinner than standard window glass, became widely used in the late 19th century for their clarity and reliability. Although largely replaced by film during the 20th century, plates continued to be used for specialised scientific and medical purposes until the late 20th century.