hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Zabierzów
Gmina Zabierzów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Zabierzów, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 99.59 square kilometres (38.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 22,387.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kraków Valleys Landscape Park.

Kraków County
Kraków County (Polish: powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kraków, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city with powiat rights). The county contains five towns: Skawina, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraków, Krzeszowice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Kraków, Słomniki, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Kraków, Skała, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kraków, and Świątniki Górne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Kraków.

The county covers an area of 1,229.62 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 278,219, out of which the population of Skawina is 24,340, that of Krzeszowice is 10,014, that of Słomniki is 4,343, that of Skała is 3,798, that of Świątniki Górne is 2,431, and the rural population is 233,293.
Venture of Newport 23
The Venture of Newport 23, also called the Venture 23 and the MacGregor 23, is an American trailerable character sailboat that was designed by Roger MacGregor as a cruiser and first built in 1973. The design is intended as a miniature replica of a 19th-century pilot cutter.

Trailer sailer
A trailer sailer is a keelboat that is big enough to accommodate crew for a weekend cruise, yet small enough to be launched, rigged, and recovered single-handed. It is also relatively easy to haul on a trailer behind a car, which requires low displacement and a shallow draft.

Although many small yachts can in principle be moved on a trailer, not all qualify as trailer sailers. The term is generally reserved for cabin sailboats intended for regular ramp launching. It does not apply to dinghies or small open keelboats under about 19 feet, since these are almost always easy to tow due to their characteristic light weight and shallow draft.
1987 The Budweiser at The Glen
The 1987 The Budweiser at The Glen was the 18th stock car race of the 1987 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the second iteration of the event. The race was originally scheduled to be held on Sunday, August 9, 1987, but was delayed until Monday, August 10, due to heavy rain. The race was held before an audience of 35,000 in Watkins Glen, New York, at the shortened layout of Watkins Glen International, a 2.428-mile (3.907 km) permanent road course layout.

By race's end, Blue Max Racing's Rusty Wallace, managing to retain the lead after a last-lap pit stop, dominated a majority of the race to take his third career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Junior Johnson & Associates' Terry Labonte and owner-driver Dave Marcis finished second and third, respectively.

NASCAR Cup Series at Watkins Glen
Stock car racing events in the NASCAR Cup Series have taken place at Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York on the 2.454-mile (3.949 km) road course annually since 1986. Since 2018, the 100-lap, 245.54-mile (395.16 km) race has been known as Go Bowling at The Glen for sponsorship reasons.

Shane van Gisbergen is the defending race winner.
Underactive bladder
Underactive bladder syndrome (UAB) describes symptoms of difficulty with bladder emptying, such as hesitancy to start the stream, a poor or intermittent stream, or sensations of incomplete bladder emptying.  The physical finding of detrusor activity of insufficient strength or duration to ensure efficient bladder emptying is properly termed "detrusor underactivity" (DU).  Historically, UAB and DU (as well as others such as 'bladder underactivity') have been often used interchangeably, leading to both terminologic and pathophysiologic confusion.

Patients with underactive bladder have a diminished sense of bladder filling and consequently are often found to have DU as an underlying finding, however bladder outlet obstruction and less frequently volume hypersensitivity ("OAB") can be associated with UAB symptoms.

Bladder outlet obstruction
Bladder outlet obstruction (or obstructive uropathy) occurs when urine is unable to flow from the kidneys through the ureters and out of the bladder through the urethra. Decreased flow of urine leads to swelling of the urinary tract, called hydronephrosis. This process of decreased flow of urine through the urinary tract can begin as early as during intrauterine life and it prevents normal development of fetal kidneys and fetal urine. Low levels of fetal urine leads to low amniotic fluid levels and incomplete lung maturation. Older children and adults can also experience bladder outlet obstruction; however, this process is usually reversible and isn't associated with as many poor outcomes as in infants with congenital bladder outlet obstruction.
UCLA Extension Writers' Program
UCLA Extension Writers' Program is a unit within UCLA Extension, the not-for-profit and self-supporting community outreach arm of the University of California, Los Angeles. Located in the Westwood Village area of Los Angeles, the UCLA Extension Writers' Program offers approximately 400 annual open-enrollment screenwriting and creative writing courses for all levels of writers. Courses are available online and on the UCLA campuses in downtown Los Angeles and Woodland Hills. All courses are approved by the UCLA Academic Senate.

UCLA Extension
UCLA Extension is a public continuing education institution headquartered in Westwood, Los Angeles, on the campus of the University of California, Los Angeles. Classes are held at UCLA, in Downtown Los Angeles, and other locations throughout Los Angeles County.

Founded in 1917, it is part of the University of California system, and all courses are approved by the University of California, Los Angeles, although it is financially self-supporting.

UCLA Extension is accredited, through UCLA, by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.
Interior Alaskan wolf
The Interior Alaskan wolf (Canis lupus pambasileus), also known as the Yukon wolf, is a subspecies of gray wolf native to parts of British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, Interior Alaska and Yukon.

Subspecies of Canis lupus
There are 38 subspecies of Canis lupus listed in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005, 3rd edition). These subspecies were named over the past 250 years, and since their naming, a number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus).
Interior extremum theorem
In mathematics, the interior extremum theorem, also known as Fermat's theorem, states that at the local extrema of a differentiable function, its derivative is always zero. It belongs to the mathematical field of real analysis and is named after French mathematician Pierre de Fermat.

By using the interior extremum theorem, the potential extrema of a function , with derivative , can be found by solving an equation involving . The interior extremum theorem gives only a necessary condition for extreme function values, as some stationary points are inflection points (not a maximum or minimum). The function's second derivative, if it exists, can sometimes be used to determine whether a stationary point is a maximum or minimum.

Second derivative
In calculus, the second derivative, or the second-order derivative, of a function f is the derivative of the derivative of f. Informally, the second derivative can be phrased as "the rate of change of the rate of change"; for example, the second derivative of the position of an object with respect to time is the instantaneous acceleration of the object, or the rate at which the velocity of the object is changing with respect to time. In Leibniz notation:

where a is acceleration, v is velocity, t is time, x is position, and d is the instantaneous "delta" or change. The last expression  is the second derivative of position (x) with respect to time.

On the graph of a function, the second derivative corresponds to the curvature or concavity of the graph. The graph of a function with a positive second derivative is upwardly concave, while the graph of a function with a negative second derivative curves in the opposite way.
Manju Shiwach
Dr. Manju Shiwach is an Indian politician and a member of the 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India. She represents the Modinagar constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. She is a gynaecologist.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
2003 ARAG World Team Cup
The 2003 ARAG World Team Cup was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 25th edition of the World Team Cup and was part of the International Series of the 2003 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rochusclub in Düsseldorf in Germany from May 18 through May 24, 2003.

Argentina were the defending champions but were eliminated in the round robin stage.

Chile defeated the Czech Republic in the final to win the title for the first time.

2003 ATP Tour
The 2003 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2003 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organised by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.
2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships – Boys doubles
The Boys' Doubles tournament of the 2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships was held from July 10–14 in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. The defending champion of the last edition were Arya Maulana Aldiartama and Edi Subaktiar from Indonesia. Aldiartama this time teamed-up with Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo, and standing in the top seeds. The final turned into all-Chinese final after Li Junhui / Liu Yuchen faced their fellow countrymen Huang Kaixiang / Zheng Siwei in the finals that won by Li and Liu in straight games 21–15, 21–14.

2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships
The 2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships is an Asia continental junior championships to crown the best U-19 badminton players across Asia. It was held in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia from 7–14 July 2013.
1930 college football season
The 1930 college football season saw Notre Dame repeat as national champion under the Dickinson System, as well as claim the No. 1 position from each of the other three contemporary major selectors, (the Boand, Dunkel, and Houlgate Systems). The post-season Rose Bowl matchup featured two unbeaten (9–0) teams, Washington State and Alabama, ranked No. 2 and No. 3, respectively, by Dickinson.  Alabama won the Pasadena contest, 24–0.

Dickinson System
The Dickinson System was a mathematical point formula that awarded national championships in college football. Devised by University of Illinois economics professor Frank G. Dickinson, the system ranked national teams from 1924 to 1940. The 1924 ratings were made retroactively by Dickinson during the 1925 college football season, the first in which a number 1 team was designated at the end of the season. The retroactive choice on October 16, 1925, for the 1924 season was Notre Dame.

The system was originally designed to rank teams in the Big Nine (later the Big Ten) conference.  Chicago clothing manufacturer Jack Rissman then persuaded Dickinson to rank the nation's teams under the system, and awarded the Rissman Trophy to the winning university.

The Dickinson System was the first to gain widespread national public and media acceptance as a "major selector" according to the NCAA prior to the establishment of the Associated Press poll in 1936.
Mikhail Koklyaev
Mikhail Viktorovich Koklyaev (Russian: Михаил Викторович Кокляев, born 17 December 1978) is a Russian weightlifter, powerlifter, strongman and boxer. He is widely regarded as one of the most versatile strength athletes of all time.

International Federation of Strength Athletes
The International Federation of Strength Athletes (IFSA or IFSA Strongman) was an international governing body for strongman competition. IFSA operated from 1995 to 2007 and was based in Glasgow, Scotland.
Champigny station
Champigny station is a railway station in the commune of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, near the town Champigny-sur-Marne, Val-de-Marne, France. Champigny is on the A2 branch of the RER A with eastbound trains to Boissy-Saint-Léger and westbound trains to Saint-Germain-en-Laye. It is situated on the Grande Ceinture line.

Saint-Germain-en-Laye station
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is the main railway station serving Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France. The station opened on 14 August 1847 with the opening of the Paris-St-Lazare–St-Germain-en-Laye railway, ligne de Saint Germain (from Paris to Saint-Germain), an atmospheric railway. It was the first railway line in the Île-de-France. Twelve years later, conventional locomotives replaced the atmospheric powered engines. The original station had a large veranda building above the terminating lines.

The Saint-Germain-en-Laye underground terminal station is located at the end of the Paris-Saint-Lazare to Saint-Germain-en-Laye line, after the Vésinet–Le Pecq station.
Official Live Bootleg/The Beard Is out There
Official Live Bootleg is the third album and first live album by American progressive rock band Spock's Beard, recorded at Progfest '95.  It was released in 1996, with a European release under the title The Beard Is out There in 1998.

The original North American release consisted of the four tracks from the band's debut album The Light, with the fifth song, "Thoughts" coming from their second album, Beware of Darkness.  The European release added a sixth track coming from the band's rarity collection From the Vaults, originally also from Beware of Darkness.

The Light (Spock's Beard album)
The Light is the 1995 debut album by American progressive rock band Spock's Beard. The album features two different covers—one for its domestic release, and one for its European release.
"The Light" has since become Spock's Beard's signature song.
The album has since been remastered and re-released by Radiant Records.
Energopetrol
Energopetrol is a Bosnian oil company based in Sarajevo. It was founded in the 1960s as a part of the Energoinvest corporation. Its logo includes the orange letters "EP" in a serif font surrounded by an orange circle.

Due to large debt and general failure of management, the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as majority owner, privatized 67% of its stake within the company. The Croatian-Hungarian company INA-MOL had acquired the shares for 220 million Bosnian Marks (100 million dollars). The INA-MOL consortium had acquired 67 gas stations and two office buildings belonging to Energopetrol in Sarajevo. The consortium had promised to keep the present labor force, the name (Energopetrol), and turn the company into a regional giant. The government had decided to keep the former Energopetrol Terminals into a new state owned corporation Terminali FBiH. The government also decided to keep the Hotel Marsal within its control.

INA d.d.
INA-Industrija nafte, d.d. is a Croatian multinational oil company headquartered in Zagreb. INA Group has a leading role in Croatia's oil business, including oil and gas exploration, production, processing and distribution. INA is a stock company whose main shareholders are the Hungarian MOL Group (49%) and the Croatian Government (45%), with the rest owned by private and institutional investors. INA shares have been listed both on the London stock exchange and Zagreb stock exchange since 1 December 2006. INA Group is composed of several affiliated companies wholly or partially owned by INA, d.d.
Izer Aliu (director)
Izer Aliu (born 1982) is a Norwegian-Macedonian director and screenwriter. He is most well known for his 2016 debut feature film, Hunting Flies. He wrote and directed TV series Countrymen (Jordbrukerne) and a second feature film, 12 Dares (12 bragder), while a third feature film is under way as of May 2024.

Gothenburg Film Festival
Göteborg Film Festival (GFF), formerly Göteborg International Film Festival (GIFF), known in English as the Gothenburg Film Festival, formerly Gothenburg International Film Festival, is an annual film festival in Gothenburg, Sweden and the largest film event in Scandinavia. When it was launched on February 8, 1979, it showed 17 films on 3 screens and had 3,000 visitors.

Today, the film festival takes place over 10 days each year at the end of January and beginning of February. In recent years an estimated 450 films from 60 countries annually have been screened for 115,000 visitors. The film festival is an important market place for contractors in the movie industry.
Military of the Canary Islands
The Canary Islands are an autonomous community of Spain. The headquarters of the Canary Islands military command is located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, in the Palacio de la Capitanía General de Canarias. The following components of the Spanish Armed Forces are based in the Canary Islands:

Spanish Armed Forces
The Spanish Armed Forces are in charge of guaranteeing the sovereignty and independence of the Kingdom of Spain, defending its territorial integrity and the constitutional order, according to the functions entrusted to them by the Constitution of 1978. They are composed of: the Army, the Air and Space Force, the Navy, the Royal Guard, and the Military Emergencies Unit, as well as the so-called Common Corps.

Spain occupies a prominent position in the structure of NATO, which it joined in 1982. Nevertheless, it spends less than the minimum of 2% of GDP on defence recommended by NATO.

Spain has the oldest Marine Infantry in the world and the oldest permanent military units in the world: the Infantry Regiment "Inmemorial del Rey" No. 1 and the Infantry Regiment "Soria" No. 9.
Womersley number
The Womersley number ( or ) is a dimensionless number in biofluid mechanics and biofluid dynamics. It is a dimensionless expression of the pulsatile flow frequency in relation to viscous effects. It is named after John R. Womersley (1907–1958) for his work with blood flow in arteries. The Womersley number is important in keeping dynamic similarity when scaling an experiment. An example of this is scaling up the vascular system for experimental study. The Womersley number is also important in determining the thickness of the boundary layer to see if entrance effects can be ignored.

The square of this number is also referred to as the Stokes number, , due to the pioneering work done by Sir George Stokes on the Stokes second problem.

Stokes problem
In fluid dynamics, Stokes problem also known as Stokes second problem or sometimes referred to as Stokes boundary layer or Oscillating boundary layer is a problem of determining the flow created by an oscillating solid surface, named after Sir George Stokes. This is considered one of the simplest unsteady problems that has an exact solution for the Navier–Stokes equations. In turbulent flow, this is still named a Stokes boundary layer, but now one has to rely on experiments, numerical simulations or approximate methods in order to obtain useful information on the flow.
Dras River
The Dras River, also spelt Drass River, is a river in the Kargil district in the Indian union territory of Ladakh. It originates below the Zoji La pas in the Great Himalayan range and flows northeast towards Kargil, where it joins the Suru River. The Shingo River, which flows in a parallel direction in Pakistan-administered Baltistan, also joins the Dras River. The combined river is alternatively called Suru, Drass and Shingo by various local groups.

The Dras River valley is traversed by the National Highway 1D that connects Srinagar in Kashmir with Leh in Ladakh. It represents a historic trade route.

Leh
Leh (English: /'leɪ/, Hindi: ['leː(ɦ)]) is a city in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir region.   It is the largest city and the joint capital of Ladakh.   It has been the capital of Ladakh since the Medieval Period. Leh, located in the Leh district, was also the historical capital of the Kingdom of Ladakh. The seat of the kingdom, Leh Palace, the former residence of the royal family of Ladakh, was built in the same style and about the same time as the Potala Palace in Tibet. Since they were both constructed in a similar style and at roughly the same time, the Potala Palace in Tibet and Leh Palace, the royal residence, are frequently contrasted. Leh is at an altitude of 3,524 m (11,562 ft), and is connected via National Highway 1 to Srinagar in the southwest and to Manali in the south via the Leh-Manali Highway (part of National Highway 3).
Small Point-Adam's Cove-Blackhead-Broad Cove
Small Point-Adam's Cove-Blackhead-Broad Cove is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, located in the Trinity-Conception Bay District north of Carbonear.

The town was incorporated in 1968 by amalgamating the independent fishing villages of Small Point, Adam's Cove, Blackhead and Broad Cove. The neighbouring community of Kingston was originally part of the amalgamation, but withdrew in 1976.

The town had a population of 414 in the Canada 2021 Census.

Carbonear
Carbonear is a town on the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It overlooks the west side of Conception Bay and had a history long tied to fishing and shipbuilding. Since the late 20th century, its economy has changed to emphasize education, health care, retail, and industry. As of 2021, there were 4,696 people in the community.
99th Infantry Battalion (United States)
The 99th Infantry Battalion (Separate) was a battalion of Norwegian-speaking soldiers in the US Army. Created in July 1942 at Camp Ripley, Minnesota, the battalion originally consisted of 1,001 soldiers. The battalion was attached to the First Army; however, it was labeled "Separate" because it was not attached to a specific regiment.

Camp Ripley
Camp Ripley is a 53,000-acre (210 km2) military and civilian training facility operated by the Minnesota National Guard near the city of Little Falls in the central part of the Minnesota, United States. The location of the camp was selected in 1929 by Ellard A. Walsh, Adjutant General of the State of Minnesota. The site's winter warfare training course is the primary facility used by the National Guard for winter combat exercises. Camp Ripley also hosts the training academy for the Minnesota State Patrol and is a popular site for athletes training to compete in winter biathlons. Most Minnesota Guard soldiers train at Camp Ripley during two-week annual training periods.

The Minnesota State Veterans Cemetery - Little Falls is located adjacent to Camp Ripley.