hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charterholme
Charterholme, previously known as Western Growth Corridor is a major urban expansion in the city of Lincoln, in Lincolnshire, England. As of January 2025 it is being built at the junction of Birchwood Avenue and Skellingthorpe Road, close to the A46 road, Birchwood and Skellingthorpe, and work is ongoing to build Charterholme in phases.

Skellingthorpe
Skellingthorpe is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the village at the 2011 census was 3,465.  It is situated 3 miles (5 km) west of Lincoln,  4 miles (6 km) southeast of Saxilby, 6 miles (10 km) northwest of North Hykeham and 15 miles (24 km) east of Tuxford.

The village of Doddington and Doddington Hall lie 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south-west. Birchwood estate, built in the 1970s on the site of RAF Skellingthorpe, is 2.5 miles (4 km) to the south-east.
Lake Palatinus
At 32-hectares, Lake Palatinus sits in Esztergom, Hungary, 40 km from Budapest, on the border of the Danube-Ipoly National Park. It is the biggest man-made lake of the Dorog Basin. Created at the site of a former quarry active in the 1950s whose aggregate sand was extracted for use in the mining industry. At its deepest point, the lake stands at 12 meters.

Esztergom
Esztergom (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɛstɛrɡom] ⓘ; German: Gran; Latin: Solva or Strigonium; Slovak: Ostrihom, known by alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, 46 kilometres (29 miles) northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there. Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th until the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda.

Esztergom is the seat of the prímás (see Primate) of the Catholic Church in Hungary, and the former seat of the Constitutional Court of Hungary. The city has a Christian Museum with the largest ecclesiastical collection in Hungary. Its cathedral, Esztergom Basilica, is the largest church in Hungary. Near the Basilica there is a campus of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University.
Eddie Robinson Classic
The Eddie Robinson Classic was a college football "kickoff" game played in late August from 1997 through 2002 at various sites. The game was named after legendary Grambling coach Eddie Robinson. Until 2002, the NCAA only allowed for teams to play a 12-game regular season schedule if the first game were a licensed Classic such as the Eddie Robinson Classic, the Pigskin Classic, or the Kickoff Classic. In 2002 the NCAA ended the allowance of an extra 12th game, thus effectively ending the Classics. Kickoff games would later see a revival in 2008, when the Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game was organized as a neutral-site game held in Atlanta, Georgia, followed by the Cowboys Classic in Arlington, Texas in 2009.

Cowboys Kickoff Classic
The Cowboys Kickoff Classic was an annual college football game played on the opening weekend of the college football season. It was played in Arlington, Texas, at AT&T Stadium, home of the Dallas Cowboys from 2009 to 2021. The game was originally known as the Cowboys Classic from 2009 to 2014, Advocare Classic from 2015 to 2019, and Allstate Kickoff Classic in 2021. No game was scheduled for 2022 onward.
Silchester eagle
The Silchester eagle is a Roman bronze casting dating from the first or second century CE, uncovered in 1866 at Calleva Atrebatum in Silchester, Hampshire, England. It was purchased in 1980 by Reading Museum in Berkshire where it remains on display as of 2024.

Rosemary Sutcliff
Rosemary Sutcliff CBE (14 December 1920 – 23 July 1992) was an English novelist best known for children's books, especially historical fiction and retellings of myths and legends. Although she was primarily a children's author, some of her novels were specifically written for adults. In a 1986 interview she said, "I would claim that my books are for children of all ages, from nine to ninety."

For her contribution as a children's writer Sutcliff was a runner-up for the Hans Christian Andersen Medal in 1974.
Platanthera blephariglottis
Platanthera blephariglottis, commonly known as the white fringed orchid or white-fringed orchis, is a species of orchid of the genus Platanthera. It is considered to be an endangered species in Connecticut and Ohio, a threatened species in Florida, Maryland and Rhode Island, exploitably vulnerable in New York, and susceptible to be threatened in Québec.

Platanthera is a Greek word that means "flat" and "flower". For this use it means "wide or flat anthered". Blephariglottis is from blepharis which means "eyelash" or "fringed" and glottis for "tongue."

Platanthera
The genus Platanthera belongs to the subfamily Orchidoideae of the family Orchidaceae, and comprises about 150 species of orchids. The members of this genus, known as the butterfly orchids or fringed orchids, were previously included in the genus Orchis, which is a close relative (along with the genus Habenaria). They are distributed throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are terrestrial and have tubercules. The genomes of Platanthera zijinensis and Platanthera guangdongensis have been sequenced as model species to study partial and full mycoheterotrophy.
Wilzenberg-Hußweiler
Wilzenberg-Hußweiler (or Wilzenberg-Hussweiler) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Birkenfeld
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkn̩fɛlt] ⓘ) is a town and the district seat of the Birkenfeld district in southwest Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is also the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde. The town itself has approximately 7,000 inhabitants.
Camp Endicott
Camp Endicott was a United States Navy Seabee facility, part of Davisville Naval Construction Battalion Center at Quonset Point in North Kingstown, Rhode Island.  A surviving portion of the camp, now mostly demolished, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

North Kingstown, Rhode Island
North Kingstown is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States, and is part of the Providence metropolitan area. Its population was 27,732 in the 2020 census. North Kingstown is  the birthplace of American portraitist Gilbert Stuart, who was born in the village of Saunderstown. Within the town is Quonset Point, location of the former Naval Air Station Quonset Point, known for the invention of the Quonset hut, as well as the historic village of Wickford.
1980 Women's Nordic Football Championship
1980 Women's Nordic Football Championship was the seventh edition of the Women's Nordic Football Championship tournament. It was held from 10 July to 13 July in Gothenburg, Mölndal, and Öckerö in Sweden.

Women's Nordic Football Championship
Women's Nordic Football Championship was an international football competition contested by the women's national football teams of the Nordic countries. The tournament was held annually between 1974 and 1982. Finland, Denmark and Sweden competed from the start, Norway joined the tournament in 1978. Iceland and Faroe Islands did not take part at the competition.
Bolarum railway station
Bolarum railway station (station code: BMO) is a halt-3 (HG–3) category Indian railway station in Hyderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. It is an Indian Railways station in Hyderabad, situated in the Indian state of Telangana.

Hyderabad railway division
Hyderabad railway division is one of the six divisions of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The headquarters of the Division is at Secunderabad and its zonal headquarters is at Secunderabad. Even though Hyderabad has its own Division, the Hyderabad Deccan railway station itself falls under Secunderabad Railway Division. Secunderabad–Manmad section also known as Kacheguda–Manmad line is an important Railway route connecting the States of Telangana and Maharashtra, most stations on this route are administered by Hyderabad Division and Nanded railway division.
Sabre Corporation
Sabre Corporation, a travel technology company headquartered in Southlake, Texas, is the largest global distribution systems (GDS) provider for air bookings. The company's primary product, the Sabre Global Distribution System, and others like it, act as neutral intermediaries, connecting travel suppliers like airlines and hotels with travel sellers like agencies. They offer real-time availability and pricing, making them important for corporate travel management.

Founded by American Airlines in 1960, Sabre was spun off and became an independent company in 2000. In 2007, Texas Pacific Group and Silver Lake Partners acquired Sabre Holdings, the company's former name. Sabre then went public on the NASDAQ stock exchange in 2014.

Sabre's primary competitors are Amadeus IT Group, which operates the Amadeus CRS and Travelport, which operates the Galileo GDS.

Travel technology
Travel technology (also called tourism technology or hospitality automation) refers to the application of information technology (IT) and information and communications technology (ICT) within the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries.

Examples of travel technology include computer reservation systems (CRS), global distribution systems (GDS), online travel agencies (OTAs), flight tracking systems, mobile booking platforms, and online review platforms that allow travelers to share and evaluate experiences.

Historically, travel technology was closely associated with airline computer reservation systems developed in the mid-20th century. Over time, the term expanded to encompass the broader tourism and hospitality sectors, including hotel management systems, destination management systems, and digital marketing platforms.
Natural transformation
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a natural transformation provides a way of transforming one functor into another while respecting the internal structure (i.e., the composition of morphisms) of the categories involved. Hence, a natural transformation can be considered to be a "morphism of functors". Informally, the notion of a natural transformation states that a particular map between functors can be done consistently over an entire category.

Indeed, this intuition can be formalized to define so-called functor categories. Natural transformations are, after categories and functors, one of the most fundamental notions of category theory and consequently appear in the majority of its applications.

Group homomorphism
In mathematics, given two groups, (G,∗) and (H, ·), a group homomorphism from (G,∗) to (H, ·) is a function h : G → H such that for all u and v in G it holds that

where the group operation on the left side of the equation is that of G and on the right side that of H.

From this property, one can deduce that h maps the identity element eG of G to the identity element eH of H,

and it also maps inverses to inverses in the sense that

Hence one can say that h "is compatible with the group structure".

In areas of mathematics where one considers groups endowed with additional structure, a homomorphism sometimes means a map that respects not only the group structure (as above) but also the extra structure. For example, a homomorphism of topological groups is often required to be continuous.
Hamada Emam
Mohamed Yehia el-Horria Mohamed Emam (Arabic: محمد يحيى الحرية محمد إمام‎; 28 November 1943 – 9 January 2016), known as Hamada Emam (Arabic: حمادة إمام), was the Vice President of the Egyptian Football Association (EFA) and a former Egyptian football player. A prolific goal scorer, he scored 74 goals for Zamalek in the Egyptian Premier League. He was nicknamed "The Fox" by Egyptian fans. Emam spent his entire career with Zamalek, and scored 84 goals for the team in all competitions.

After retirement, Emam worked in sports management. He also worked as a football pundit. He became Zamalek's vice president for more than a period. As a player, Emam is considered as one of the best Egyptian players of all time.

October League Cup
The October Cup or October League is a one-time football tournament in Egypt that was held in 1974 instead of the canceled Egyptian League. The Egyptian League was canceled as a result of the October War and also as Egypt was hosting the 1974 African Cup of Nations. The only champion was Zamalek.
Blättersberg
The Blättersberg near Rhodt unter Rietburg in the Rhenish-Palatine county of Südliche Weinstraße is a mountain, 613.2 m above sea level (NHN), in the Palatine Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

The mountain has a north summit (613.2 m) and a south summit (606.0 m); on the latter is the Ludwig observation tower.

Südliche Weinstraße
Südliche Weinstraße (German: [ˌzyːtlɪçə ˈvaɪnˌʃtʁaːsə]; Palatine German: Siedlischi Woischdrooß; lit. 'Southern Wine Route') is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Südwestpfalz, Bad Dürkheim, the district-free city Neustadt (Weinstraße), Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, Germersheim, and the French département Bas-Rhin. The district-free city Landau is surrounded by the district.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (pronunciationⓘ) or glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) is a phosphoglyceride that can be attached to the C-terminus of a protein during posttranslational modification. The resulting GPI-anchored proteins play key roles in a wide variety of biological processes. GPI is composed of a phosphatidylinositol group linked through a carbohydrate-containing linker (glucosamine and mannose glycosidically bound to the inositol residue) and via an ethanolamine phosphate (EtNP) bridge to the C-terminal amino acid of a mature protein. The two fatty acids within the hydrophobic phosphatidyl-inositol group anchor the protein to the cell membrane.

Phosphatidylinositol
Phosphatidylinositol or inositol phospholipid is a biomolecule. It was initially called "inosite" when it was discovered by Léon Maquenne and Johann Joseph von Scherer in the late 19th century. It was discovered in bacteria but later also found in eukaryotes, and was found to be a signaling molecule.

The biomolecule can exist in nine different isomers. It is a lipid which contains a phosphate group, two fatty acid chains, and one inositol sugar molecule. Typically, the phosphate group has a negative charge (at physiological pH values). As a result, the molecule is amphiphilic.

The production of the molecule is limited to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Helix Bridge
The Helix Bridge, officially The Helix, and previously known as the Double Helix Bridge, is a pedestrian bridge linking Marina Centre with Marina South in the Marina Bay area in Singapore. It was officially opened on 24 April 2010; however, only half was opened due to ongoing construction at the Marina Bay Sands. The bridge was fully opened on 18 July.

Marina South
Marina South is a planning area located within the Central Area of the Central Region of Singapore. It is largely home to Gardens by the Bay as well as the Marina Barrage. The name has also been used to refer to the larger peninsula the planning area is situated on, which encompasses the planning areas of Straits View and a portion of the Downtown Core.

Marina South is bordered by Marina East to the north and northeast, Straits View to the southwest, the Downtown Core to the north and west, as well as the Singapore Straits to the south and east.
Abbott's babbler
Abbott's babbler (Malacocincla abbotti) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. It is widely distributed along the Himalayas in South Asia and extending into the forests of Southeast Asia. They are short-tailed and stout birds which forage in pairs in dense undergrowth close to the ground and their presence is indicated by their distinctive calls.

Bruce Beehler
Bruce McPherson Beehler (born October 11, 1951, in Baltimore) is an American ornithologist and research associate of the Bird Division of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. Prior to this appointment, Beehler worked for Conservation International, the Wildlife Conservation Society, Counterpart International, and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.
Deterministic global optimization
Deterministic global optimization is a branch of mathematical optimization which focuses on finding the global solutions of an optimization problem whilst providing theoretical guarantees that the reported solution is indeed the global one, within some predefined tolerance. The term "deterministic global optimization" typically refers to complete or rigorous (see below) optimization methods. Rigorous methods converge to the global optimum in finite time. Deterministic global optimization methods are typically used when locating the global solution is a necessity (i.e. when the only naturally occurring state described by a mathematical model is the global minimum of an optimization problem), when it is extremely difficult to find a feasible solution, or simply when the user  desires to locate the best possible solution to a problem.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Çanaklı, Kızıltepe
Çanaklı (Kurdish: Duhêl) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Xalecan tribe and had a population of 275 in 2021.

Kızıltepe
Kızıltepe (Turkish pronunciation: [kɯˈzɯɫtepe]; Kurdish: Qoser; Ottoman Turkish: تال ارمين, romanized: Tell Armen, lit. 'Armenian hill') is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,236 km2, and its population is 267,151 (2022). It is mainly populated by Kurds of the Kîkan Kurdish tribe. Kızıltepe is situated in Mardin Province within the broader Kurdish-majority region of southeastern Turkey. Demographic research has identified the Mardin region as having a predominantly Kurdish-speaking population, with Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) as the principal spoken language. Kızıltepe is predominantly inhabited by Kurds and is situated within Mardin Province, which demographic studies have consistently identified as a Kurdish-majority province with high concentrations of Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) speakers.
Khabul Khan
Khabul Khan (Mongolian: Хабул хан; Chinese: 合不勒), also rendered as Qabul Khan, Kabul Khan and Khabul Khagan, (b. 1090s/1100 – d. 1148 CE.) was the founder and first known Khan of the Khamag Mongol confederation, he was the great-grandfather of Genghis Khan the founding Khagan of Mongol empire, and twin-brother of Khaduli Barlas, who was in turn the ancestor of Timur the founding ruler of Timurid empire.

Khagan
Khagan or Qaghan (Kazakh: Қаған/Qağan, Middle Mongol:ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ; Khaan or Khagan; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣 Qaɣan) is a title of imperial rank in Turkic, Mongolic, and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire). The female equivalent is Khatun.

It may also be translated as "Khan of Khans", equivalent to King of Kings. In modern Turkic, the title became Khaan with the g sound becoming almost silent or non-existent; the ğ in modern Turkish Kağan is also silent. After the division of the Mongol Empire, monarchs of the Yuan dynasty and the Northern Yuan held the title of Khagan. Kağan, Hakan and Kaan, Turkish equivalents of the title are common Turkish names in Turkey.

The common western rendering as Great Khan (or Grand Khan), notably in the case of the Mongol Empire, is a translation of Yekhe Khagan (Great Emperor or Их Хаан).
Ion beam lithography
Ion-beam lithography is the practice of scanning a focused beam of ions in a patterned fashion across a surface in order to create very small structures such as integrated circuits or other nanostructures.

Focused ion beam
Focused ion beam, also known as FIB, is a technique used particularly in the semiconductor industry, materials science and increasingly in the biological field for site-specific analysis, deposition, and ablation of materials. A FIB setup is a scientific instrument that resembles a scanning electron microscope (SEM). However, while the SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to image the sample in the chamber, a FIB setup uses a focused beam of ions instead. FIB can also be incorporated in a system with both electron and ion beam columns, allowing the same feature to be investigated using either of the beams. FIB should not be confused with using a beam of focused ions for direct write lithography (such as in proton beam writing). These are generally quite different systems where the material is modified by other mechanisms.
Jindabyne Central School
Jindabyne Central School (JCS) is a government-funded co-educational primary and comprehensive secondary day school, located at 4 Park Road in the town of Jindabyne in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established as Jindabyne Primary School until 2006, the school enrolled approximately 880 students in 2018, from Year K to Year 12, of whom two percent identified as Indigenous Australians and nine percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the primary principal is Steve McAlister and the relieving secondary principal is Michael Kowalewski The school's intake includes students from Jindabyne and the surrounding towns/villages of Berridale, Dalgety, Thredbo and Perisher Valley.

Dalgety, New South Wales
Dalgety is a small town in New South Wales, Australia, on the banks of the Snowy River between Melbourne and Sydney.

The town is located at what was once an important river crossing along the Travelling Stock route from Gippsland to the Snowy Mountains High Country dating from the 1840s.
İncesu, Derik
İncesu (Kurdish: Maşmaşk) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Derik, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Sorkan tribe and had a population of 546 in 2021.

Derik, Turkey
Derik (Kurdish: Dêrîka Çiyayê Mazî) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,381 km2, and its population is 62,028 (2022). Derik is situated in Mardin Province within the predominantly Kurdish-speaking region of southeastern Turkey. The district's population is largely Kurdish-speaking, reflecting the broader demographic character of Mardin Province.
Penzance Bay
41°05′14.73″S 173°45′59.26″E﻿ / ﻿41.0874250°S 173.7664611°E﻿ / -41.0874250; 173.7664611

Penzance Bay is a popular bay located in Tennyson Inlet, New Zealand, within the Marlborough Sounds. Tennyson Inlet is an arm of Pelorus Sound / Te Hoiere. The bay is immediately north of Tuna Bay, which is accessed by the same road.

Marlborough Sounds
The Marlborough Sounds (te reo Māori: Te Tauihu-o-te-Waka) are an extensive network of sea-drowned valleys at the northern end of the South Island of New Zealand. The Marlborough Sounds were created by a combination of land subsidence and rising sea levels. According to Māori mythology, the sounds are the prows of the many sunken waka of Aoraki.