hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ercan Kara
Ercan Kara (born 3 January 1996) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Rapid Wien, and the Austria national team.

He has previously played for Slovan HAC, Austria Wien II, FC Mauerwerk, SV Horn and Rapid Wien across five divisions of the Austrian football pyramid as well as Orlando City SC in Major League Soccer and Samsunspor in Süper Lig.

2020–21 UEFA Europa League group stage
The 2020–21 UEFA Europa League group stage began on 22 October 2020 and ended on 10 December 2020. A total of 48 teams competed in the group stage to decide 24 of the 32 places in the knockout phase of the 2020–21 UEFA Europa League.

Antwerp, Granada, Leicester City, Omonia and Sivasspor made their debut appearances in the group stage.
Rio Terrace, Edmonton
Rio Terrace is a neighbourhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded by the Patricia Heights neighbourhood across 156 Street to the west, the Lynnwood neighbourhood across Whitemud Drive to the north, the Quesnell Heights neighbourhood across 149 Street to the east, and the North Saskatchewan River valley to the south.

The community is represented by the Rio Terrace Community League, established in 1960, which maintains a community hall, outdoor rink and tennis courts located at 155 Street and 76 Avenue.

Lynnwood, Edmonton
Lynnwood is a residential neighbourhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  It is near downtown, the University of Alberta, MacEwan College, and West Edmonton Mall.  It became a part of Edmonton when the Town of Jasper Place amalgamated with Edmonton in 1964.

The neighbourhood is bounded on the east by 149 Street (part of which was renamed "Lynnwood Way"), on the south by Whitemud Drive, on the west by 159 Street, and on the north by 87 Avenue.

The community is represented by the Lynnwood Community League, established in 1960, which maintains a community hall and outdoor rink located at 15525 84 Avenue NW.
Kettling
Kettling (also known as containment or corralling) is a police tactic for controlling large crowds during demonstrations or protests. It involves the formation of large cordons of police officers who then move to contain a crowd within a limited area. Protesters either leave through an exit controlled by the police, leave through an uncontrolled gap in the cordons, or are contained, prevented from leaving, and arrested.

The tactic has proved controversial, in part because it has resulted in the detention of ordinary bystanders as well as protesters. In March 2012 kettling was ruled lawful by the European Court of Human Rights following a legal challenge.

Pen (enclosure)
A pen is a fenced/walled open-air enclosure for holding land animals in captivity, typically for livestock but may also be used for holding other domesticated animals such as pets that are unwanted inside buildings. The term describes types of enclosures that may confine one or many animals. Construction and terminology vary depending on the region of the world, purpose, animal species to be confined, local materials used and tradition. Pen or penning as a verb refers to the act of confining animals in an enclosure.

Similar terms are kraal, boma, and corrals. Encyclopædia Britannica notes usage of the term "kraal" for elephant corrals in India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Posht Kyu Vareh Zard
Posht Kyu Vareh Zard (Persian: پشت کيو وره زرد, also Romanized as Posht Kyū Vareh Zard) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 35, in 7 families.

Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District
Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهدشت شمالی) is in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Namju. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Horin Khalifeh.
2021–22 Liga 1 (Indonesia)
The 2021–22 Liga 1, also known as BRI Liga 1 for sponsorship reasons, was the 5th season of Liga 1 under its current name and the 12th season of the top-flight Indonesian professional league for association football clubs since its establishment in 2008. The season started on 27 August 2021. Bali United were the defending champions from the 2019 season after the 2020 season was abandoned and declared void after three matches due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

On 25 March 2022, Bali United succeeded in defending their title for the second consecutive season, after second-placed Persib drew against Persik, giving Bali United a 4-point lead with only one game left.

Patriot Stadium (Indonesia)
Patriot Candrabhaga Stadium (Indonesian: Stadion Patriot Candrabhaga) is a multi-purpose stadium located in Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia.  It is currently used mostly for association football matches. The stadium holds 30,000 people.
Mazel Tov (play)
Mazel-tov (Yiddish: מזל טוב,  Yiddish: mazel tov; Russian title either «Мазлтов» or «Поздравляем», 1889), is a one-act Yiddish-language play by Sholem Aleichem. The play focuses on the relationship between servants, the cook Beyle, and the upstairs rich, the Landlord. One memorable servant song from the 1889 play "Bitter is the food That gets burnt, Bitter is it to work Beyond your strength", was later recycled and included into the 1949 and 1969 Jewish Theatre, Warsaw production of The Gold Diggers. The play was revived after the Revolution among the repertoire of the Moscow Yiddish Chamber Theater (GOSET) in the 1920s. It was set as an opera Congratulations! (Russian: «Поздравляем!», Op. 111) by Mieczysław Weinberg in 1975.

The Gold Diggers (Aleichem play)
Di goldgreber (The Gold Diggers) is a play by Sholem Aleichem, in the tradition of Yiddish theatre. Originally called The Treasure in its earlier incarnation, Aleichem changed the title after another play appeared with the same name. The subject is a comedy of shtetl life thrown into chaos by rumours of Napoleonic gold having been buried in a Jewish cemetery. The Polish State Jewish Theatre revived the play, using the original title The Treasure, in 1949.
Maalaala Mo Kaya season 30
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. Would you remember?; abbreviated MMK), also known as Memories in English, is a Philippine anthology series, which was first aired on May 15, 1991. MMK is the longest-running drama anthology on Philippine television. However due to franchise renewal controversy over the network giant ABS-CBN, it shown limitedly on Kapamilya Channel and A2Z Channel 11, This is the 30th and final season that will produce after the announcement by the host which announced on November 19, 2022.

Maalaala Mo Kaya
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. would you remember?, abbreviated as MMK) is a Philippine television drama anthology series broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Hosted by Charo Santos-Concio, its first iteration was aired from May 15, 1991, to December 10, 2022. The show returned for its second iteration on April 24, 2025 as a limited series for iWantTFC (now reverted into iWant) and consists of 13 episodes and on April 26, 2025 on the network's Yes Weekend line up. Its format is a dramatization of real life stories sent in by letter writers. It is the longest running drama anthology series in the Philippines.
Dropropizine
Dropropizine (or dipropizine) is a cough suppressant that is sold in Germany, Central America, South America, and some African countries such as Congo. It is sold as suppositories, tablets, and syrup. It is used to stop a cough caused by allergies or a cold.

Cold medicine
Cold medicines are a group of medications taken individually or in combination as a treatment for the symptoms of the common cold and similar conditions of the upper respiratory tract. The term encompasses a broad array of drugs, including analgesics, antihistamines and decongestants, among many others. It also includes drugs which are marketed as cough suppressants or antitussives, but their effectiveness in reducing cough symptoms is unclear or minimal.

While they have been used by 10% of American children in any given week, they are not recommended in Canada or the United States in children six years or younger because of lack of evidence showing effect and concerns of harm.
Isoprene
Isoprene, or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is a common volatile organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)−CH=CH2. In its pure form it is a colorless volatile liquid. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans) and its polymers are the main component of natural rubber.

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate, or IDP) is an isoprenoid precursor. IPP is an intermediate in the classical, HMG-CoA reductase pathway (commonly called the mevalonate pathway) and in the non-mevalonate MEP pathway of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. Isoprenoid precursors such as IPP, and its isomer DMAPP, are used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids.
Kuri railway station
Kuri railway station or Kura railway station (Code: KIF) is an 'HG 2' category halt railway station, situated at the Kollam–Sengottai branch line of Southern Railway, India. The station is situated between Avaneeswaram and Kottarakara railway stations in Kollam district, Kerala. The station is coming under Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. The nearest major railhead of Kuri railway station is Kollam Junction railway station.

Kollam–Sengottai Chord Line
The Kollam–Sengottai railway line (formerly known as Quilon–Shencottah or Quilon–Chenkotta line) is part of Kollam-Chennai railway line in South India that connects Kollam Junction in Kerala state and Sengottai (also spelled Shencottah, Shenkottai, Chengotta, Chenkottai, Senkottai) in Tamil Nadu. The Quilon–Shencottah railway line was the first railway line in the erstwhile Travancore state and is more than a century old. The Kollam–Sengottai section is part of the Kollam–Chennai metre-gauge rail route commissioned by the British in 1904. The line has been completely converted to broad gauge and is now fully operational from Kollam Junction to Shengottai. It is going to be the important cargo transportation line connecting Vizhinjam container port and South Indian States.
Raków, Łódź Voivodeship
Raków [ˈrakuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Moszczenica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Moszczenica, 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 41 km (25 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 200.

Moszczenica, Piotrków County
Moszczenica [mɔʂt͡ʂɛˈnit͡sa] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Moszczenica. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski and 36 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Outline of South Africa
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to South Africa:

South Africa – A sovereign country located at the southern tip of Africa.  Its coast stretches 2,798 kilometres and borders both the Atlantic and Indian oceans. To the north of South Africa lie Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), while the Kingdom of Lesotho is an independent enclave surrounded by South African territory.

Protea cynaroides
Protea cynaroides, also called the king protea (from Afrikaans: koningsprotea, Xhosa: isiQwane sobukumkani), is a flowering plant. It is a distinctive member of Protea, having the largest flower head in the genus. The species is also known as giant protea, honeypot, or king sugar bush. It is widely distributed in the fynbos region of South Africa, that is, in the southwestern and southern parts of Western Cape. The king protea is the national flower of South Africa.

Protea cynaroides is adapted to survive wildfires by its thick underground stem, which contains many dormant buds; these will produce the new growth after the fire.

The flower has a long vase life in flower arrangements, and makes for an excellent dried flower.
Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics & Engineering
The Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics & Engineering (simplified Chinese: 中国岩石力学与工程学会; traditional Chinese: 中國岩石力學與工程學會; pinyin: Zhōngguó Yánshí Lìxué Yǔ Gōngchéng Xuéhuì; abbreviated  CSRME) is a professional body and learned society in the field of rock mechanics in China with a focus on water conservation and hydropower, geology and mining, railway transport, national defense engineering, disaster control, environmental protection. As of 2018, it has 6 subordinate working committees, 13 specialized committees, 12 branches, 19 local societies, and 12,674 individual members. It is a constituent of the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) and a member of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM).

Rock mechanics
Rock mechanics is a theoretical and applied science of the mechanical behavior of rocks and rock masses.

Compared to geology, it is the branch of mechanics concerned with the response of rock and rock masses to the force fields of their physical environment.
Historiography of early Islam
The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, 
and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th century.

Muslims developed methodologies such as the "science of biography" and the "science of hadith" to evaluate the reliability of these narratives, while prominent figures like Ibn Khaldun introduced critical historiographical methods, emphasizing the importance of context and the systematic evaluation of historical data.

Robert G. Hoyland
Robert G. Hoyland (born 1966) is a historian, specializing in the medieval history of the Middle East. He was a student of historian Patricia Crone and was a Leverhulme Fellow at Pembroke College, Oxford. He is currently Professor of Late Antique and Early Islamic Middle Eastern History at New York University's Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, having previously been Professor of Islamic history at the University of Oxford's Faculty of Oriental Studies and a professor of history at the University of St. Andrews and UCLA.
2018 British Columbia Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2018 British Columbia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship for British Columbia, was held January 2–7 at the Victoria Curling Club in Victoria, British Columbia.  The winning Kesa Van Osch team represented British Columbia at the 2018 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.

BC Women's Curling Championship
The BC Women's Curling Championship, formerly the British Columbia Scotties Tournament of Hearts is the championship of women's curling in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The tournament is run by Curl BC, the provincial curling association. The winning team represents British Columbia at the Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
Wolfgang Flür
Wolfgang Flür (born 17 July 1947) is a German musician, best known for playing percussion in the electronic group Kraftwerk from 1973 to 1987. Flür claims that he invented the electric drums the group used throughout the 1970s.  However, patent records dispute this, citing Florian Schneider and Ralf Hütter as the creators.

Maki Nomiya
Maki Nomiya (Japanese: 野宮 真貴, Hepburn: Nomiya Maki, born March 12, 1960) is a Japanese singer and musician. She is known as the "Queen of Shibuya-kei" (渋谷系の女王, Shibuya-kei no Joō). Maki released her first solo album in 1981, and worked through the 1980s as the lead vocalist of the new wave band Portable Rock. In 1991, she became the lead singer of the band Pizzicato Five. When the group disbanded in 2001, she embarked on a solo career. She also appears singing solo on the soundtrack of the game We Love Katamari and in the 2008 Japanese version of Just One Second (Jikan Wo Tomete) by London Elektricity.
Boško Janković
Boško Janković (Serbian Cyrillic: Бошко Јанковић; born 1 March 1984) is a Serbian former footballer who played as a winger for the Serbia national football team. He is an attacking minded player, with the tendency to take long shots and free kicks.

Serbia national under-21 football team
The Serbia national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Serbia and is controlled by the Football Association of Serbia. Both FIFA and UEFA consider the Serbia national team to be the direct and sole successor of the Yugoslavia under-21 and Serbia and Montenegro under-21 national teams.
Wolmaransstad (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Wolmaransstad was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1974. It covered a rural area in the western Transvaal, centred on the town of Wolmaransstad. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Plevna, Indiana
Plevna is an unincorporated community in Liberty Township, Howard County, Indiana, United States. It is part of the Kokomo, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Plevna is named after the Bulgarian town of Pleven (historically known as Plevna in English), which featured prominently in the news when the settlement was named.

Kokomo metropolitan area, Indiana
The Kokomo Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Howard County in Indiana. Howard County had a population estimate of 83,831 in 2023. Kokomo is also the principal city of the area known as North Central Indiana, the area around Kokomo with economic ties.  The six county area including Cass, Clinton, Fulton, Howard, Miami, and Tipton counties had population of 228,331 people in 2010.
PICAXE
PICAXE is a microcontroller system based on a range of Microchip PIC microcontrollers. PICAXE devices are Microchip PIC devices with pre-programmed firmware that enables bootloading of code directly from a PC, simplifying hobbyist embedded development (similar to the Arduino and Parallax BASIC Stamp systems). PICAXE devices have been produced by Revolution Education (Rev-Ed) since 1999.

Microchip Technology
Microchip Technology Incorporated is an American publicly traded semiconductor corporation that manufactures microcontroller, mixed-signal, analog, and Flash-IP integrated circuits.

Its corporate headquarters is located in Chandler, Arizona. Its wafer fabs are located in Gresham, Oregon, and Colorado Springs, Colorado. The company's assembly/test facilities are in Chachoengsao, Thailand, and Calamba and Cabuyao, Philippines.
FANCA
Fanconi anaemia, complementation group A, also known as FAA, FACA and FANCA, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FANCA gene. It belongs to the Fanconi anaemia complementation group (FANC) family of genes of which 12 complementation groups are currently recognized and is hypothesised to operate as a post-replication repair or a cell cycle checkpoint. FANCA proteins are involved in inter-strand DNA cross-link repair and in the maintenance of normal chromosome stability that regulates the differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells into mature blood cells.

Mutations involving the FANCA gene are associated with many somatic and congenital defects, primarily involving phenotypic variations of Fanconi anaemia, aplastic anaemia, and forms of cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma and acute myeloid leukaemia.

Immunoprecipitation
Immunoprecipitation (IP) is the technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein. This process can be used to isolate and concentrate a particular protein from a sample containing many thousands of different proteins.  Immunoprecipitation requires that the antibody be coupled to a solid substrate at some point in the procedure.
Aspartate transaminase
Aspartate transaminase (AST) or aspartate aminotransferase, also known as AspAT/ASAT/AAT or (serum) glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT, SGOT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.1) that was first described by Arthur Karmen and colleagues in 1954. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an α-amino group between aspartate and glutamate and, as such, is an important enzyme in amino acid metabolism. AST is found in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, red blood cells and gall bladder. Serum AST level, serum ALT (alanine transaminase) level, and their ratio (AST/ALT ratio) are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests are part of blood panels.

The half-life of total AST in the circulation approximates 17 hours and, on average, 87 hours for mitochondrial AST. Aminotransferase is cleared by sinusoidal cells in the liver.

Imine
In organic chemistry, an imine (/ɪˈmiːn/ or /ˈɪmɪn/) is a functional group or organic compound containing a carbon–nitrogen double bond (C=N). The nitrogen atom can be attached to a hydrogen  or an organic group (R). The carbon atom has two additional single bonds.  Imines are common in synthetic and naturally occurring compounds and they participate in many reactions.

Distinction is sometimes made between aldimines and ketimines, derived from aldehydes and ketones, respectively.
Minister of Energy Transition and Water Transformation
The Minister of Energy Transition and Water Transformation of Malaysia has been Fadillah Yusof since 12 December 2023. He has been deputised by Deputy Minister of Energy Transition and Water Transformation Abdul Rahman Mohamad since 17 December 2025. The minister administers the portfolio through the Ministry of Energy Transition and Water Transformation. The ministry was formed as a result of a split from the Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy and Climate Change.

Alliance Party (Malaysia)
The Alliance Party (Malay: Parti Perikatan) was a political coalition in Malaysia. The Alliance Party, whose membership comprised the ethnic parties of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) and the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), was informally founded in 1952 before being formally registered as a political organisation in 1957 after its victory in the 1955 Malayan general election. It was the ruling coalition of Malaya from 1957 to 1963, and Malaysia from 1963 to 1974. The coalition became known as the Barisan Nasional (BN) that year, which ruled Malaysia for another 44 years until 2018.
2025 Szczecin Open
The 2025 Invest in Szczecin Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 32nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Szczecin, Poland between 8 and 14 September 2025.

Szczecin Open
The Invest in Szczecin Open (formerly Pekao Szczecin Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ on the Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Wojska Polskiego in Szczecin, Poland, since 1993  (as a Satellite from 1993 to 1995, as a Challenger since 1996).