hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antheridiogen
Antheridiogens are a class of chemicals secreted by fern gametophytes that have "been shown to influence production of male gametangia and thus mating systems in a large number of terrestrial fern species". Antheridiogens are only observed in homosporous fern species, as all gametophytes are potentially bisexual (have the ability to produce both archegonia and antheridia).

Archegonium
An archegonium (pl.: archegonia), from the Ancient Greek ἀρχή ("beginning") and γόνος ("offspring"), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. The corresponding male organ is called the antheridium. The archegonium has a long neck canal or venter and a swollen base. Archegonia are typically located on the surface of the plant thallus, although in the hornworts they are embedded.
KMXG
KMXG (96.1 FM, "Mix 96") is a commercial radio station licensed to Clinton, Iowa, and serving the Quad Cities area of Iowa and Illinois. It broadcasts an adult contemporary radio format, switching to Christmas music from mid-November until the Christmas holidays.  KMXG is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., with studios and offices in Davenport, Iowa, along with co-owned KUUL-FM, WLLR-FM, KCQQ-FM, WFXN and WOC.

The station has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, and their transmitter is located off 225th Street in rural LeClaire in Scott County.

Clinton, Iowa
Clinton is a city in and the county seat of Clinton County, Iowa, United States. It borders the Mississippi River. The population was 24,469 as of 2020.

Clinton, along with DeWitt (also located in Clinton County), was named in honor of the sixth governor of New York, DeWitt Clinton. Incorporated on January 26, 1857, Clinton is the principal city of the Clinton Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is coterminous with Clinton County.
2013 Football League play-offs
The Football League play-offs for the 2012–13 season (referred to as the npower Football League Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in May 2013 with all finals being staged at Wembley Stadium in London.

The play-off semi-finals were played over two legs, contested by the teams who finished in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Football League Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th-placed teams in the League Two table. The winners of the semi-finals advanced to the finals, with the winner of the final gaining promotion for the following season.

2012–13 Football League Two
The 2012–13 Football League Two (referred to as the Npower Football League Two for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth season of the league under its current title and twentieth season under its current league division format. It started on 18 August 2012 and finished on 27 April 2013 with all matches that day kicking off simultaneously.
Rufisque tramway
The Rufisque tramway (French Le Decauville Municipal de Rufisque) was a 14 km (8.7 mi) long, hand-operated light railway with track gauges of 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in) and 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) in Rufisque in Senegal.

Rufisque
Rufisque (Arabic: روفيسك; Wolof: Tëngeéj) is a city in the Dakar region of western Senegal, at the base of the Cap-Vert Peninsula 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Dakar, the capital. It has a population of 295,459 (2023 census). In the past it was an important port city in its own right, but is now a suburb of Dakar.

Rufisque is also the capital of the department of the same name.
Karneval (manga)
Karneval (Japanese: カーニヴァル, Hepburn: Kānivaru) is a Japanese manga series by Tōya Mikanagi which began serialization in the monthly josei manga magazine Monthly Comic Zero Sum published by Ichijinsha on August 28, 2007. There are currently twenty-eight volumes released in Japan. The series follows Nai and Gareki, who join a defense organization called Circus in hopes of finding a man named Karoku. However, they are unaware that Karoku belongs to a secret organization called Kafka, which is responsible for performing human and animal experiments called Varugas. A 13-episode anime adaptation by Manglobe aired between April and June 2013.

Manglobe
Manglobe Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社マングローブ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Mangurōbu) was a Japanese animation studio based in Suginami, Tokyo and formed on February 7, 2002 by Sunrise producers Shinichirō Kobayashi and Takashi Kochiyama. Manglobe filed for bankruptcy in September 2015, having accumulated an estimated debt of ¥350 million.
History of rail transport in Morocco
Rail transport in Morocco was initially developed during the protectorate. It functioned primarily as a means to mobilize colonial troops and to transport natural resources. Later, a standard-gauge network was built.

Decauville
Decauville (French: [dəkovil]) was a manufacturing company which was founded by Paul Decauville (1846–1922), a French pioneer in industrial railways. Decauville's major innovation was the use of ready-made sections of light, narrow-gauge track fastened to steel sleepers; this track was portable and could be disassembled and transported very easily.

The first Decauville railway used 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in) gauge; Decauville later refined his invention and switched to 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in) and 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge.
Today Decauville is a sales company for the products of its parentcompany, it belongs to CTELM, a holding belonging to Fassi-cranes for the french market.
1977 Cairo Open
The 1977 Cairo Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was an independent tournament i.e. not part of the 1977 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix circuit. It was the second edition of the tournament and was played in Cairo, Egypt from 21 March until 27 March 1977. First-seeded François Jauffret won the singles title.

1977 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1977 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit administered by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF, later the ITF) which served as a forerunner to the current Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The circuit consisted of the four modern Grand Slam tournaments and open tournaments recognised by the ILTF. The Colgate-Palmolive Masters is included in this calendar but did not count towards the Grand Prix ranking. Colgate-Palmolive was the new tour sponsor, taking over from Commercial Union. Guillermo Vilas won the Grand Prix circuit, having accumulated the most points (2,047), and received the largest share from the bonus pool ($300,000). The top eight points ranked singles players as well as the top four doubles teams qualified for the season-ending Masters tournament
Rapid automatized naming
Rapid automatized naming (RAN) is a task that measures how quickly individuals can name aloud objects, pictures, colors, or
symbols (letters or digits). Variations in rapid automatized naming time in children provide a strong predictor of their later ability to read, and is independent from other predictors such as phonological awareness, verbal IQ, and existing reading skills. Importantly, rapid automatized naming of pictures and letters can predict later reading abilities for pre-literate children.

Fluency
Fluency (also called volubility and eloquency) refers to continuity, smoothness, rate, and effort in speech production. 
It is also used to characterize language production, language ability or language proficiency.

In speech language pathology fluency means the flow with which sounds, syllables, words and phrases are joined when speaking quickly, where fluency disorder has been used as a collective term for cluttering and stuttering.
University of Strathclyde Sports Union
The University of Strathclyde Sports Union is an organisation coordinating sports for students at the University of Strathclyde. As such it is made up of many other smaller sports clubs, each participating in a particular sport. Its main centre of activity is the University of Strathclyde Centre for Sports and Recreation located on the John Anderson Campus of the University.

John Anderson Campus
The John Anderson Campus, the main campus of The University of Strathclyde, is in Glasgow, Scotland. The campus is self-contained in its own area which straddles the Townhead and Merchant City districts on the north eastern side of the city centre, while being only minutes from the M8 Motorway, George Square and is located midway between Queen Street Railway Station and High Street station on the North Clyde Line.
Fujin Road station
Fujin Road (Chinese: 富锦路; pinyin: Fùjǐn Lù) is a station and the northern terminus of the Shanghai Metro Line 1. It is located at the intersection of Wenchuan Highway and Yangzong Road in Baoshan District. This station has been the northern terminus of line 1 since the northern extension from Gongfu Xincun on 29 December 2007.

The station has three tracks, one island platform, and one side platform. Only the outer island platform and the side platform are in use, with the side platform used for terminating Line 1 trains and the outer island platform for originating trains towards Xinzhuang.

Xinzhuang station (Shanghai Metro)
Xinzhuang (Chinese: 莘庄; pinyin: Xīnzhuāng) is an interchange station on the Shanghai Metro. It is the southern terminus of Line 1 and the northern terminus of Line 5. It is one of the busiest stations in the Shanghai Metro, serving 230,000 passengers every day. Both Line 1 and Line 5's stations have two side platforms and two tracks, with a wall separating the Line 1 and the Line 5 platforms.

The station opened on Line 1 on 28 December 1996, with the Line 5 interchange having opened on 25 November 2003.
Compound of octahedra
A compound of octahedra may be:

Compound of two octahedra

Compound of three octahedra
Also Compound of three triangular antiprisms

Compound of four octahedra
More generally, Compound of four octahedra with rotational freedom

Compound of five octahedra

Compound of eight octahedra with rotational freedom

Compound of ten octahedra

Compound of twenty octahedra
More generally, Compound of twenty octahedra with rotational freedom

Compound of twenty octahedra with rotational freedom
The compound of twenty octahedra with rotational freedom is a uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of a symmetric arrangement of 20 octahedra, considered as triangular antiprisms. It can be constructed by superimposing two copies of the compound of 10 octahedra UC16, and for each resulting pair of octahedra, rotating each octahedron in the pair by an equal and opposite angle θ.

When θ is zero or 60 degrees, the octahedra coincide in pairs yielding (two superimposed copies of) the compounds of ten octahedra UC16 and UC15 respectively. When

octahedra (from distinct rotational axes) coincide in sets four, yielding the compound of five octahedra. When

the vertices coincide in pairs, yielding the compound of twenty octahedra (without rotational freedom).
Antsirabe II District
Antsirabe II is a rural district in Vakinankaratra Region, Madagascar. The district surrounds the urban district and city of Antsirabe. It also borders the district of Faratsiho to the north, Antanifotsy to the east and Betafo to the west, in addition to the region of Antanifotsy to the south. The district covers a total area of 2,471.31 km2, with a population estimated at 475,556 in 2020.

Betafo District
Betafo is a district in Vakinankaratra Region, Madagascar. The administrative centre of the district is the town of Betafo. However the district has subsequently been divided by the creation of the new Mandoto District from former parts of Betafo District. The reduced district covers an area of 4,607 km2, and it had an estimated population of 331,696 in 2018. It is situated at 22 km west of Antsirabe.

The irrigated rice paddies of the district are emblematic of this technology throughout the highlands and were nominated to the Tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Madagascar in 1997.
Wiggonholt
Wiggonholt is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Parham, in the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. It is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Pulborough on the A283 road. The village consists of a farm, a few houses and a small Church of England parish church. In 1931 the parish had a population of 54. On 1 April 1933 the parish was abolished and merged with Parham.

The RSPB Pulborough Brooks wildfowl reserve is north of the parish church, on the floodplain of the River Arun. Wiggonholt Common is an area of open woodland south of the village that adjoins Parham Park and is popular with walkers.

A Roman road, the Greensand Way, from north of Lewes passed north of the village to join Stane Street at Hardham on the west bank of the River Arun. The remains of a Roman bath house have been excavated beside the Roman road.

The small rectangular medieval parish church of unknown dedication has a bell turret and Horsham Stone roof, and has a Sussex marble font.

Parham Park
Parham House and Gardens (also known as Parham Park) is a Grade I listed Elizabethan country house with historic gardens and a medieval deer park in the civil parish of Parham, between Storrington and Pulborough in West Sussex, England. The house and the stables and laundry wing are listed Grade I, and the designed landscape is registered Grade II* on the National Heritage List for England. Much of the wider estate is designated as the biological Parham Park SSSI. Parham lies within the South Downs National Park.
San Giovanni in Persiceto
San Giovanni in Persiceto (from 1912 to 1927: Persiceto; Western Bolognese: San Żvân) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna.

Located in the northern part of the Metropolitan City, bordering with the provinces of Modena and Ferrara, San Giovanni in Persiceto is surrounded by the municipalities of Anzola dell'Emilia, Castelfranco Emilia, Castello d'Argile, Cento, Crevalcore, Sala Bolognese and Sant'Agata Bolognese.

Anzola dell'Emilia
Anzola dell'Emilia (Western Bolognese: Anzôla) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northwest of Bologna. It is an important area of industries and Habanero's crops near Bologna.
Scotland at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Scotland competed at the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982.

The Scotland team was named on 15 August 1982 and consisted of 100 competitors.

Scotland came 4th overall with 8 golds, 6 silver and 12 bronze medals.

Swimming at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Swimming at the 1982 Commonwealth Games was the 12th appearance of Swimming at the Commonwealth Games. Competition featured 29 swimming events, held in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982.

The events at the Games were held at the new Chandler Aquatic Centre that was part of the Sleeman Sports Complex, which had been purpose-built for the games.

Australia topped the medal table with 13 gold medals.
César Oudin
César Oudin (c. 1560 – 1 October 1625) was a French Hispanist, translator, paremiologist, grammarian and lexicographer.

He translated into French La Galatea and the first part of Don Quixote.

He wrote Grammaire espagnolle expliquée en Francois (1597) which, according to Amado Alonso, was the model for most grammars written later in other countries such as those by Heinrich Doergangk, Lorenzo Franciosini, Francisco Sobrino and Jerónimo de Texeda, among others.

His dictionary Tesoro de las dos lenguas francesa y española (1607) is based on literary texts and was later used by John Minsheu, Lorenzo Franciosini, John Stevens and other lexicographers. Girolamo Vittori expanded this dictionary with trilingual Tesoro from 1609, which was later plagiarized by Oudin in his Trésor of 1616.

Heinrich Doergangk
Heinrich Doergangk (Cologne, second half of the 16th century - before 1626) was a German Hispanist and grammarian.

An advocate of Roman Catholicism, he wrote a Spanish grammar in Latin titled Institutiones in linguam hispanicam, admodum faciles, quales antehac nunquam visae (Coloniae, 1614), where he attacks Protestantism.
1995 Intercontinental final
The 1995 Intercontinental Final was the seventeenth running of the Intercontinental Final. Previously the IC Final had been the final qualifying stage for Motorcycle speedway riders from Scandinavia, the USA and from the Commonwealth nations for the old single meeting World Final. From 1995 riders from the Intercontinental Final moved into the GP Challenge as part of qualifying for the new Speedway Grand Prix series established in 1995. However, riders would be racing for a place in the following years SGP series and not for the current year.

This was the re-introduction of the Intercontinental Final which had last been run in 1990. From 1991 to 1994 the IC Final was replaced by the World Semi-finals.

1995 Speedway Grand Prix
The 1995 Speedway Grand Prix was the 50th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

It was the first season in the Speedway Grand Prix era used to determine the Speedway World Champion. The Grand Prix series was won by Hans Nielsen; it was his fourth World Champion title.
Ramesside star clocks
The Ramesside star clocks are ancient Egyptian star clocks appearing on the ceilings of several royal tombs of the Ramesside period. Two sets of star clocks appear on the tomb Ramesses VII and Ramesses IX. Although all of the sets are corrupt to some degree, a prototype clock can be reconstructed from them.

Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
The Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XX, alternatively 20th Dynasty or Dynasty 20) is the third and last dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1189 BC to 1077 BC. The 19th and 20th Dynasties together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period owing to the predominance of rulers with the given name "Ramesses". This dynasty is generally considered to mark the beginning of the decline of Ancient Egypt, coinciding with the Bronze Age Collapse which led to the end of the New Kingdom and the onset of the Third Intermediate Period. During the period of the Twentieth Dynasty, Ancient Egypt faced the crisis of invasions by Sea Peoples. Though the dynasty was able to successfully defend Egypt, it left the kingdom seriously crippled.
1992 Donnay Indoor Championships
The 1992 Donnay Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Forest National in Brussels, Belgium the event was part of the 1992 ATP Tour. It was the 11th and last edition of the tournament and was held from 10 February until 16 February 1992. Third-seeded Boris Becker won the singles title, his second at the event after 1990.

1992 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation, ITF), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Oceanwide Plaza
Oceanwide Plaza is an unfinished residential and retail complex composed of three towers in downtown Los Angeles, California, across the street from Crypto.com Arena and the Los Angeles Convention Center. The complex, designed by CallisonRTKL, is owned by the Beijing-based developer Oceanwide Holdings.

Construction began in 2015 and was originally scheduled to be completed by early 2019. However, construction stopped when Oceanwide Holdings ran out of funds in 2019. It is unknown when the complex will open; development has been beset by financing problems related to ongoing geopolitical tensions between the US and China. In late January-early February 2024, the site regained attention when at least 27 floors of multiple towers at the complex were tagged with graffiti, becoming known as the Graffiti Towers.

Los Angeles Convention Center
The Los Angeles Convention Center is a convention center located in the southwest section of Downtown Los Angeles, California, United States. It hosts multiple annual conventions and has often been used as a filming location in TV shows and movies.
Climate and Forecast Metadata Conventions
The Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata conventions are conventions for the description of Earth sciences data, intended to promote the processing and sharing of data files.  The metadata defined by the CF conventions are generally included in the same file as the data, thus making the file "self-describing".  The conventions provide a definitive description of what the data values found in each netCDF variable represent, and of the spatial and temporal properties of the data, including information about grids, such as grid cell bounds and cell averaging methods.  This enables users of files from different sources to decide which variables are comparable, and is a basis for building software applications with powerful data extraction, grid remapping, data analysis, and data visualization capabilities.

Metadata
Metadata (or metainformation) is data that defines and describes the characteristics of other data.  It often helps to describe, explain, locate, or otherwise make data easier to retrieve, use, or manage. For example, the title, author, and publication date of a book are metadata about the book. But, while a data asset is finite, its metadata is infinite.

As such, efforts to define, classify types, or structure metadata are expressed as examples in the context of its use. The term "metadata" has a history dating to the 1960s where it occurred in computer science and in popular culture. Different types of metadata serve different functions. For example, descriptive metadata for a document might include the author, creation date, file size and keywords.
Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's team foil
The women's team foil was one of eight fencing events on the fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fifth appearance of the event. The competition was held from 27 to 28 July 1976. 61 fencers from 13 nations competed.

Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics
At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, eight events in fencing were contested. Men competed in both individual and team events for each of the three weapon types (épée, foil and sabre). Women competed in foil events.

One of the gold medalists from West Germany team was Thomas Bach, who currently serves as President of the International Olympic Committee.
2013 Boston Red Sox season
The 2013 Boston Red Sox season was the 113th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. Under new manager John Farrell, the Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 97 wins and 65 losses. In the postseason, the Red Sox first defeated the AL wild card Tampa Bay Rays in the ALDS.  In the ALCS, the Red Sox defeated the American League Central champion Detroit Tigers in six games. Advancing to the World Series, the Red Sox defeated the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals in six games, to capture the franchise's eighth championship overall and third in ten years. The Red Sox became the second team to win the World Series the season after finishing last in their division; the first had been the 1991 Minnesota Twins.

The Red Sox led the major leagues in runs scored (853), extra-base hits (570), on-base percentage (.349), slugging percentage (.446) and OPS (.795).

John Farrell (baseball manager)
John Edward Farrell (born August 4, 1962) is an American former baseball pitcher, coach, and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB). During his eight-season playing career, Farrell was a member of the Cleveland Indians, California Angels, and Detroit Tigers. He was the pitching coach for the Boston Red Sox from 2007 to 2010, before serving as manager of the Toronto Blue Jays from 2011 to 2012. He returned to the Red Sox as their manager in 2013, winning the World Series with them in his first year, and led the team until 2017. Since 2018, he has held a scouting position with the Cincinnati Reds.