hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
G. B. Caird
George Bradford Caird FBA (17 July 1917 – 21 April 1984), known as G. B. Caird, was a British theologian, biblical scholar and Congregational minister. At the time of his death he was Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford.

C. H. Dodd
Charles Harold Dodd CH FBA (7 April 1884 – 21 September 1973) was a Welsh New Testament scholar and influential Protestant theologian. He is known for promoting "realized eschatology", the belief that Jesus' references to the kingdom of God meant a present reality rather than a future apocalypse. He was influenced by Martin Heidegger and Rudolf Otto.
Ruan Pienaar
Ruan Pienaar (born 10 March 1984) is a retired South African professional rugby union player who played either as a scrum-half or as a fly-half for the Cheetahs, Sharks, Ulster, Montpellier, and the South Africa national team. As of 2024 he is backline and attack coach for the Cheetahs academy.

Pienaar is the son of former Springbok fullback Gysie Pienaar. Ruan is regarded as a very skilful rugby player. Besides being able to pass well, he can kick with both feet, and his vision and running style moved former Springbok coach Jake White to compare him with Australian fly-half Stephen Larkham.

Pienaar has been part of u19 (2003), u21 (2005) and senior Rugby World Cup (2007) winning squads. He also won the Currie Cup in 2008, 2019 and 2023.

Jake White
Jacob Charles White (born 13 December 1963 as Jacob Westerduin) is a professional rugby union coach and former coach of the South African national team – the Springboks – whom he coached to victory in 2007 Rugby World Cup and the 2004 Tri Nations. White also coached the Under-21 Springbok side to victory in the Under-21 World Cup in 2002. He was coach of the Brumbies in the Super Rugby from 2012, but resigned with two years remaining on his contract in 2013 to return to South Africa. On returning to South Africa, he coached the Sharks for a single season, explaining he wanted to seek international opportunities. This arose in a technical role with the Tongan national team. After assisting Tonga in their 3 Test European Tour in 2014, White was announced as Montpellier's new boss, overseeing all coaching aspects for the club.

On 24 October 2011, he was inducted into the World Rugby Hall of Fame, alongside other World Cup-winning head coaches and captains through the 2007 World Cup.
Retro-style automobile
A retro-style automobile is a vehicle that is styled to appear like cars from previous decades. Often these cars use modern technology and production techniques. This design trend has existed since at least the 1960s with the rise of neoclassic cars, but gained popularity in the early 1990s with major manufacturers, leading to many automakers introducing models that referenced previous cars of the 1950s and 1960s.

Hyundai Pony
The Hyundai Pony (Hangul: 현대 포니) is a small rear-wheel-drive automobile produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai from 1975 until 1990. The Pony was South Korea's first mass-produced and exported car. It was made in two-door coupé utility, three-door liftback, four-door saloon car, and five-door liftback or estate car body styles. The Pony nameplate remained in use until 2000 on some export versions of the Hyundai Excel and Accent.
Yantai Penglai International Airport
Yantai Penglai International Airport (IATA: YNT, ICAO: ZSYT) is an international airport serving the city of Yantai in East China's Shandong province. It is located 43 kilometres (27 mi) from the city center, near the Chaoshui town in Penglai District, a district in Yantai city.

Construction officially started on 26 December 2009, and the airport was opened on 28 May 2015, when all flights serving Yantai were transferred from the old Laishan Airport. The first flight, China Eastern Airlines MU5136, landed at the airport from Beijing at 00:05 on 28 May. Originally called Yantai Chaoshui International Airport (Chinese: 烟台潮水国际机场), the airport adopted the current name in April 2014.

Penglai, Yantai
Penglai, formerly known as Dengzhou or Tengchow, is a district of Yantai City, Shandong Peninsula in the People's Republic of China. It lies on the northwest corner of the Shandong Peninsula on the southern coast of the Gulf of Bohai. Penglai is famous for its mirages out at sea, which are frequent during May and June. Formerly a county-level city under Yantai's administration, Penglai became a district in 2020.
2009 Iowa State Cyclones football team
The 2009 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University as a member of the North Division in the Big 12 Conference during the 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Paul Rhoads, the Cyclones compiled an overall record of 7–6 with a mark of 3–5 in conference play, placing fourth in the Big 12's North Division. Iowa State was invited to the Insight Bowl, where the Cyclones defeated Minnesota. The team played home games at Jack Trice Stadium in Ames, Iowa.

Paul Rhoads
Paul Robert Rhoads (born February 2, 1967) is an American football coach. He is a Defensive Analyst at Mississippi State University. A major conference assistant coach and head coach, he spent a seven-year tenure as head coach at Iowa State.

Rhoads played defensive back at Missouri Western State University.
Dattatreya Aralikatte
Dr. Dattatreya Aralikatte, known in Karnataka as Datta (born 22 February 1953) is three time National Award winner and an Indian puppeteer and a teacher. He was born in Aralikatte village, in the Chikkamagaluru district of Karnataka, India, and resides in Bangalore, India. He heads the "Putthali Kalaranga" (Puppet Theater), a well known traditional puppet theater group in India.

Sangeet Natak Akademi
Sangeet Natak Akademi (The National Academy of Music, Dance and Drama in English), in New Delhi, is the national academy for performing arts set up by the Government of India. It is an autonomous body of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
Mount Benson (Alaska)
Mount Benson is a 4,465-foot (1,361 m) mountain summit located in the Kenai Mountains, on the Kenai Peninsula, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated in Chugach National Forest, rising above the Resurrection River and Resurrection Bay, 3.3 mi (5 km) south of Resurrection Peaks, 2.35 mi (4 km) north of Marathon Mountain, and 3.1 mi (5 km) northwest of Seward, Alaska. Originally named Iron Mountain, the mountain's name was officially changed in 1974 by the United States Geological Survey to honor Benny Benson (1913-1972), who at age 13 designed Alaska's flag in 1927, as a student in Seward.

Seward, Alaska
Seward (Alutiiq: Qutalleq; Dena'ina: Tl'ubugh) is an incorporated home rule city in Alaska, United States. Located on Resurrection Bay, a fjord of the Gulf of Alaska on the Kenai Peninsula, Seward is situated on Alaska's southern coast, approximately 120 miles (190 km) by road from Alaska's largest city, Anchorage.

With a population of 2,717 people as of the 2020 census, Seward is the fourth-largest city in the Kenai Peninsula Borough, behind Kenai, Homer, and the borough seat of Soldotna. The city is named for former United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, who orchestrated the United States' purchase of Alaska from the Russian Empire in 1867 while serving in this position as part of President Andrew Johnson's administration.

Seward is the southern terminus of the Alaska Railroad and the historic starting point of the original Iditarod Trail to Interior Alaska, with Mile 0 of the trail marked on the shoreline at the southern end of town.
John, Count of Saint-Pol
John of Saint-Pol (died 1344) was Count of Saint-Pol between 1317 and 1344.

He was the eldest son of Guy IV, Count of Saint-Pol and Marie of Brittany.

He married in 1319 with Joanna, daughter of John I of Fiennes, and had 2 children:

Guy V, Count of Saint-Pol, no issue;

Mathilde (1335–1373), married Guy I, Count of Ligny.

County of Saint-Pol
The county of Saint-Pol (or Sint-Pols) was a county around the French city of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise (Sint-Pols-aan-de-Ternas) on the border of Artois and Picardy, formerly the county of Ternois.

For a long time the county belonged to Flanders, and then from the early 11th century until the end of the 12th century it remained in the hands of the Campdavaine family, before passing to the Châtillon family then the Luxembourg family.

The best-known count was Louis, the constable of Saint-Pol.  He was extradited to Louis XI of France by Charles the Bold, and in 1475 Louis beheaded him for high treason. In 1493, Saint-Pol was transferred to the Holy Roman Empire by the Treaty of Senlis; in 1537, Emperor Charles V destroyed the capital city. The county was annexed to Artois in 1787 then France in 1790.

House of Flanders

House of Campdavaine

House of Châtillon

House of Luxemburg
Tampines Expressway
The Tampines Expressway (TPE) is a highway in the north-eastern fringe of Singapore, joining the Pan Island Expressway (PIE) near Singapore Changi Airport in the east with the Central Expressway (CTE) and Seletar Expressway (SLE) in the north of the island.

Seletar
Seletar (/səˈliːtɑːr/ sə-LEE-tar) is the regional centre of the North-East Region of Singapore. The place name was derived from the Malay subgroup who were indigenous to the area, the Orang Seletar. It shares boundaries with the planning areas of Sengkang to the south, Punggol to the east, Yishun and Simpang to the west, as well as the Straits of Johor to the north.

Formerly a Royal Air Force (RAF) military airbase site, the area now houses the Seletar Aerospace Park. The aerospace park houses industries specialising in aircraft maintenance and repair services. Despite its status as a regional centre, the area remains relatively rural in a local context, with more residential and commercial developments being constructed in the neighbouring planning area of Punggol. There remains future plans to transform Seletar into one of Singapore's regional centres, along with Jurong East, Tampines and Woodlands.
Order-4-4 pentagonal honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-4-4 pentagonal honeycomb a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). Each infinite cell consists of a pentagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a 2-hypercycle, each of which has a limiting circle on the ideal sphere.

Pentagonal tiling
In geometry, a pentagonal tiling is a tiling of the plane where each individual piece is in the shape of a pentagon.

A regular pentagonal tiling on the Euclidean plane is impossible because the internal angle of a regular pentagon, 108°, is not a divisor of 360°, the angle measure of a whole turn. However, regular pentagons can tile the hyperbolic plane with four pentagons around each  vertex (or more) and sphere with three pentagons; the latter produces a tiling that is topologically equivalent to the dodecahedron.
Alphonse and Gaston
Alphonse and Gaston is an American comic strip by Frederick Burr Opper, featuring a bumbling pair of Frenchmen with a penchant for politeness. It first appeared in William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal on September 22, 1901, with the title "Alphonse a la Carte and His Friend Gaston de Table d'Hote". The strip was later distributed by King Features Syndicate.

Politeness
Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette so as not to offend others and to put them at ease. It is a culturally defined phenomenon, and therefore what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or simply eccentric in another cultural context.

While the goal of politeness is to refrain from behaving in an offensive way so as not to offend others, and to make all people feel relaxed and comfortable with one another, these culturally defined standards at times may be broken within the context of personal boundaries – this is known as positive politeness.
Indianapolis Diesels
The Indianapolis Diesels, formerly known as the Indiana Diesels, were a team in the North American Basketball League (NABL). Based in Indianapolis, Indiana, the Diesels played their home games at Emmerich Manual High School south of downtown Indianapolis during their last seasons.

In their inaugural season in the American Basketball Association, the team finished with an 8–4 record and defeated the West Virginia Blazers in the first round of the playoffs before losing to the Chicago Steam. The next year, 2011, they moved to the Premier Basketball League (PBL) and played their next two seasons in Columbus, Indiana. In their last season playing in Columbus, the team reached the PBL semi-finals. The next season, after moving to Manual High School, the team reached the PBL Finals; however, they lost to the Rochester Razorsharks. The team joined the North American Basketball League in 2017, but apparently disbanded after 2018.

Chicago Steam
The Chicago Steam is a basketball team of the American Basketball Association. Founded in 2007, the Steam first played in the 2008-09 ABA season. Based in the Chicago suburb of South Holland, Illinois, the Steam plays its home games at South Suburban College.
Ziyadid dynasty
The Ziyadid dynasty (Arabic: الزياديون) was a Muslim dynasty that ruled western Yemen from 819 until 1018 from the capital city of Zabid. It was the first dynastic regime to wield power over the Yemeni lowland after the introduction of Islam in about 630.

Alids
Alids (Arabic: العلويين, romanized: al-ʿAlawiyyīn) are the descendants of Ali, the fourth Rashidun caliph and the first Imam in Shia Islam. He was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

The Alids have led various movements in Islam. The direct line of Alids, beginning with Ali himself, constitutes the Twelve Imams of Twelver Shia Islam, the largest branch of Shia Islam.

Other branches of the Alids are the Hasanids and Husaynids, named after Hasan and Husayn, the eldest sons of Ali from his marriage to Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad. As the progeny of Muhammad, they are revered by all Muslims.
FireAid
FireAid was a two-venue benefit concert and music-based fundraising initiative that took place in Inglewood, California, United States, on January 30, 2025. The event, organized by the Annenberg Foundation, raised funds to help those affected by the January 2025 Southern California wildfires, as well as funds to help prevent future wildfires in the area.

Several of the people involved in the production of the event were directly affected by the fires, including producer Tim Sexton, lead mixing engineer Bob Clearmountain, and technical director Eric Becker.

Palisades Fire
The Palisades Fire was a highly destructive wildfire that began in the Santa Monica Mountains of Los Angeles County on January 7, 2025, and grew to destroy large areas of Pacific Palisades, Topanga, and Malibu before it was fully contained on January 31. One of a series of wildfires in Southern California driven by extremely powerful Santa Ana winds, it spread to 37 sq mi (95 km2), killed 12 people, and destroyed 6,837 structures, making it the tenth-deadliest and third-most destructive California wildfire on record and the most destructive to occur in the history of the city of Los Angeles. The fire burned simultaneously with the similarly destructive Eaton Fire at the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains.

On October 8, federal authorities arrested a man in Florida and charged him with three felony counts of arson, alleging that he set an earlier fire on January 1 using a combustible material that was not fully extinguished and later reignited to become the Palisades Fire.
Documentation testing
Documentation testing is part of the non-functional testing of a product. It may be a type of black-box testing that ensures that documentation about how to use the system matches with what the system does, providing proof that system changes and improvements have been documented.

Non-functional testing
Non-functional testing is testing software for its non-functional requirements: the way a system operates, rather than specific behaviors of that system.
 This is in contrast to functional testing, which tests against functional requirements that describe the functions of a system and its components.
Fort Washakie, Wyoming
Fort Washakie is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fremont County, Wyoming, United States, within the Wind River Indian Reservation and along U.S. Route 287. The population was 1,759 at the 2010 census. The headquarters for the Eastern Shoshone Tribe is located in Fort Washakie, as well as the Bureau of Indian Affairs agency for the Wind River Indian Reservation.

Fort Washakie is named after nearby Fort Washakie, a U.S. Army post established in 1869 and named after Chief Washakie in 1878. Washakie, Utah is also named for Washakie.

Washakie
Washakie (c.1804/1810 – February 20, 1900) was a prominent leader of the Shoshone people during the mid-19th century. He was first mentioned in 1840 in the written record of the American fur trapper, Osborne Russell. In 1851, at the urging of trapper Jim Bridger, Washakie led a band of Shoshones to the council meetings of the Treaty of Fort Laramie. Essentially from that time until his death, he was considered the head of the Eastern Shoshones by the representatives of the United States government. In 1979, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
Vertex AI
Vertex AI is a managed machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) platform developed by Google Cloud. It provides a unified environment for building, training, deploying, and scaling ML models and generative AI applications. The platform integrates tools for the full ML lifecycle, including data preparation, model training, evaluation, deployment, and monitoring, under a single API and user interface.

Vertex AI was announced at Google I/O and released as a generally available product on May 18, 2021. At launch, Google described Vertex AI as unifying its AutoML offerings with its prior Cloud AI Platform capabilities, and as adding operational features intended to help teams move models from experimentation into production use.

Llama (language model)
Llama ("Large Language Model Meta AI" serving as a backronym) is a family of large language models (LLMs) released by Meta AI starting in February 2023.

Llama models come in different sizes, ranging from 1 billion to 2 trillion parameters. Initially only a foundation model, starting with Llama 2, Meta AI released instruction fine-tuned versions alongside foundation models.

Model weights for the first version of Llama were only available to researchers on a case-by-case basis, under a non-commercial license. Unauthorized copies of the first model were shared via BitTorrent. Subsequent versions of Llama were made accessible outside academia and released under licenses that permitted some commercial use.

Alongside the release of Llama 3, Meta rolled out Meta AI, an AI assistant built on Llama. Meta AI has a dedicated website and is available on Facebook and WhatsApp. The latest version is Llama 4, released in April 2025.
Pharmacological torture
Pharmacological torture is the use of psychotropic or other drugs to punish or extract information from a person. The aim is to force compliance by causing distress, which could be in the form of pain, anxiety, psychological disturbance, immobilization, or disorientation.

One form of this torture involves forcibly injecting a person with addictive drugs in order to induce physical dependence. The drug is then withdrawn, and, once the person is in withdrawal, the interrogation is started. If the person complies with the torturer's demands, the drug is reintroduced, relieving the person's withdrawal symptoms.

Pain compliance
Pain compliance is the use of painful stimulus to control or direct a person. The purpose of pain compliance is to direct the actions of the subject, and to this end, the pain is lessened or removed when compliance is achieved. This provides incentive to the subject to carry out the action required. The stimulus can be manual through brute force and placing pressure on pain-sensitive areas on the body. Painful hyperextension or hyperflexion on joints is also used. Tools such as a whip or a baton (capable of inflicting blunt trauma), an electroshock weapon, or chemicals such as tear gas or pepper spray are commonly used as well.
Pi1 Octantis
Pi1 Octantis (Pi1 Oct), Latinized π1 Octantis, is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Octans. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude 5.64, and is estimated to be 387 light years away. However, it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 14 km/s.

Pi1 Oct has a stellar classification of G8/K0 III — intermediate between a G8 and K0 giant star. It has 2.74 times the mass of the Sun and an effective temperature of 5,002 k, giving a yellow hue. However, an enlarged radius of 11.62 R☉ yields a luminosity 76 times that of the Sun. Pi1 Oct has a metallicity around solar level and spins with a projected rotational velocity lower than 1 km/s.

Octans
Octans is a faint constellation located in the deep Southern Sky. Its name is Latin for the eighth part of a circle, but it is named after the octant, a navigational instrument. Devised by French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in 1752, Octans remains one of the 88 modern constellations. The southern celestial pole is located within the boundaries of Octans.
1934 Central State Bearcats football team
The 1934 Central State Bearcats football team was an American football team that represented Central State Teachers College, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1934 college football season. In their first season under head coach Alex Yunevich, the Bearcats compiled a 5–3 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 82 to 81. The team defeated in-state rival Michigan State Normal (13–12) but lost to rival Western State Teachers (13–0). The team's worst defeat was by a 38–0 score against Gus Dorais' Detroit Titans.

Yunevich was hired as the head football coach at Central State in May 1934 after George Van Bibber accepted the head coaching position at the University at Buffalo. Both Yunevich and Van Biber were alumni of Purdue University. Yunevich had been an assistant coach at Central States under Van Bibber.

1934 Western State Teachers Hilltoppers football team
The 1934 Western State Teachers Hilltoppers football team was an American football team that represented Western State Teachers College (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1934 college football season.  In their sixth season under head coach Mike Gary, the Hilltoppers compiled a 7–1 record and outscored their opponents, 104 to 52. Halfback John Miller was the team captain.
Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation)
The fourth-generation Chevrolet Camaro, from 1998-2002 was colloquially known as the "Catfish Camaro", is a pony car that was produced by American automobile manufacturer General Motors for the 1993 through 2002 model years. It was introduced on an updated F-body platform but retained characteristics of the first-generation car introduced in 1967: two doors, coupe or convertible bodystyles, rear-wheel drive, and a choice of 6-cylinder and V8 engines. The Camaro was revised in 1998 with both exterior and engine changes. General Motors discontinued production of the fourth generation of the Camaro due to slow sales, a deteriorated sports coupé market, and plant overcapacity.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".