hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jainism in Kerala
Jainism, one of the three most ancient Indian religious traditions still in existence, has very small presence (0.01%) in Kerala, in south India. According to the 2011 India Census, Kerala only has around 4500 Jains, most of them in Wayanad and Ernakulam districts.

Medieval Jain inscriptions are mostly found on the borders of Kerala proper, such as in Wayanad in the north-east, Alathur in the Palghat Gap and Chitharal in Kanyakumari district. Epigraphical evidence suggests that the shrine at "Thirukkunavay", perhaps located near Cochin, was the major Jain temple in medieval Kerala (from c. 9th century CE). The so-called "Rules of the Tirukkunavay Temple" provided model and precedent for all other Jain temples of Kerala.

Some of the Jain temples in Kerala were incorporated by the Hindus at a later stage. The temple images are worshiped as Hindu gods and considered as part of the Hindu pantheon. Hindus and Jains occasionally worship their deities in the same temple in Kerala.

Manjeshwar
Manjeshwar or Manjeshwaram is a coastal town and a minor port in Kasaragod district  at the northern tip of Kerala. It is situated at a distance of 607 kilometres (380 mi) from the state capital Thiruvananthapuram, 695 kilometres (430 mi) from Kanyakumari, 28 kilometres (20 mi) north of the district headquarters Kasaragod and 30 kilometres (20 mi) south of Mangalore city in neighboring Karnataka. Thalappady is the northern border of Kerala, situated near Manjeshwaram town.
Norway men's national ice sledge hockey team
The Norway national ice sledge hockey team is the   national team that represents Norway at international ice sledge hockey competitions. Since 2004, the team has been overseen by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Federation (NIHF) a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.

Ice sledge hockey at the 2010 Winter Paralympics
The ice sledge hockey competition of the 2010 Winter Paralympics was held at the UBC Winter Sports Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, from 13 March to 20 March 2010.

For the first time, women were allowed to compete in ice sledge hockey at the Paralympic Games.

Following high hopes in the host nation, Canada's defeat in the semi-finals was described as causing "national despair".
Hammer the Hammer
"Hammer the Hammer" was released as a stand-alone single by Australian indie group The Go-Betweens. It was released as a 7" vinyl record on the Missing Link Records label in Australia in June 1982 and by Rough Trade Records in the United Kingdom in July,  with "By Chance" as the B-side. Forster considered that "By Chance" was a personal break-through for him. Pitchfork Media describes "By Chance" as sounding "more than a bit like the early Smiths.

Grant McLennan
Grant William McLennan (12 February 1958 – 6 May 2006) was an Australian alternative rock singer-songwriter-guitarist. He co-founded the Go-Betweens (1977–89, 2000–06) with Robert Forster in Brisbane in 1977 and issued four solo albums: Watershed (1991), Fireboy (1992), Horsebreaker Star (1994) and In Your Bright Ray (1997). He collaborated with other artists on side projects. In May 2001, the Australasian Performing Right Association called his "Cattle and Cane" (1983) one of its top 30 Australian songs of all time.
Gandomkar-e Olya
Gandomkar-e Olya (Persian: گندمكارعليا, also Romanized as Gandomkār-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 302, in 65 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Miankuh Rural District (Ardal County)
Miankuh Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميانكوه) is in Miankuh District of Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Kohneh-ye Halu Saad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Khun, now a city.
Freddy Rincón
Freddy Eusebio Rincón Valencia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈfɾeði riŋˈkon]; 14 August 1966 – 13 April 2022) was a Colombian professional footballer who played 84 games for the Colombia national team between 1990 and 2001. A versatile midfielder, he was capable of playing on the left, in the centre or as an attacking midfielder. At club level he played for Independiente Santa Fé, América de Cali (Colombia), Napoli (Italy), Real Madrid (Spain), Palmeiras, Santos, and Corinthians (Brazil).

Liga DIMAYOR
The Liga DIMAYOR, commonly referred to as Liga BetPlay Dimayor due to sponsorship by online betting company BetPlay, is a professional association football league in Colombia and the highest level of the Colombian football league system.

A total of twenty clubs compete in the league's regular season. División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano, better known as DIMAYOR, organizes the competition and operates the league system of promotion and relegation for both Liga DIMAYOR and Torneo DIMAYOR leagues. Since its foundation in 1948, sixteen teams have been crowned as Colombian football champions. The most successful club is Atlético Nacional with 18 titles. The league was ranked as the 11th strongest national league in the world at the end of 2023 by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.
Adolphe Bousquet
Adolphe René Bousquet (14 August 1899 – 17 March 1972) was a French rugby union player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Béziers and died in Béziers. He won the silver medal as member of the French team in 1920 as well as in 1924.

Béziers
Béziers (French: [bezje] ⓘ; Occitan: Besièrs) is a city in southern France. It is a subprefecture of the Hérault department in the Occitanie region. Every August Béziers hosts the famous Feria de Béziers, which is centred on bullfighting. A million visitors are attracted to the five-day event.

The town is located on a small bluff above the river Orb, about ten kilometres (six miles) from the Mediterranean coast and 75 kilometres (47 miles) southwest of Montpellier. At Béziers, the Canal du Midi passes over the river Orb by means of the Pont-canal de l'Orb, an aqueduct claimed to be the first of its kind.
Triumph Tiger Sport 660
The Triumph Tiger Sport 660 is a middle-weight Sport touring motorcycle launched in 2022 by British manufacturer Triumph Motorcycles Ltd and using many of the components of its naked sibling, the Triumph Trident 660.

Triumph Trident 660
The Triumph Trident 660 is a naked motorcycle by manufacturer Triumph Motorcycles Ltd. Following a four-year development programme, the Triumph Trident prototype was revealed at the London Design Museum on 25 August 2020. To disguise the final form, the prototype was painted all white with the exception of the engine. A further, less-disguised and fully running prototype was released to the press a few weeks later, and shows the motorcycle undergoing final testing.

Finally, the production version of the Trident was released to the press and journalists on 30 October 2020.

The Trident is intended to compete in the middleweight sector, and be a rival to the likes of the Yamaha MT-07, Kawasaki Z650, Honda CB650R, and to a lesser extent the Suzuki SV650.
Quda'a
The Quda'a (Arabic: قضاعة, romanized: Quḍāʿa) were a confederation of Arab tribes, including the powerful Kalb and Tanukh, mainly concentrated throughout Syria and northwestern Arabia, from at least the 4th century CE, during Byzantine rule, through the 12th century, during the early Islamic era. Under the first caliphs of the Syria-based Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), the Quda'a occupied a privileged position in the administration and military. During the Second Muslim Civil War (683–692) they allied with South Arabian and other tribes in Syria as the Yaman faction in opposition to their rivals, the Qays confederation, in what became a rivalry for power and influence which continued well after the Umayyad era. In forging this alliance, the Quda'a's leaders genealogically realigned their descent to the South Arabian Himyar, discarding their north Arabian ancestor, Ma'add, a move which elicited centuries-long debate and controversy among early Islamic scholars.

Wilferd Madelung
Wilferd Ferdinand Madelung FBA (26 December 1930 – 9 May 2023) was a German author and scholar of Islamic history widely recognised for his contributions to the fields of Islamic and Iranian studies. He was appreciated in Iran for his "knowledgeable and fair" treatment of the Shia perspective. In the obituary of the Institute of Ismaili Studies (London) where Madelung worked his last years, it reads: "With particular reference to religious schools and movements in early Islam, his studies, based on a vast array of primary sources, have enriched the discipline’s understanding of almost every major Muslim movement and community – not only early Imami Shi‘ism and the later developments of Twelver, Ismaili and Zaydi Islam but also the lesser known aspects of Sunni, Khariji and the Mu‘tazili schools of theology and philosophy."
Julius Baer Group
Julius Baer Group Ltd. (German: Julius Bär Gruppe AG) is a Swiss multinational private banking and financial services firm headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. Specializing in wealth management, investment advisory services, real estate financing, and selective trading services, it is one of the world’s largest dedicated private banks, with CHF 497.4 billion in managed  assets as of 2024. It  is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (ticker: BAER) and is a constituent of the Swiss Market Index Mid (SMI MID).

Founded in 1890, the bank originated as a family-run exchange office and later evolved into a public company. It operates in 28 countries and employs more than 7,500 staff globally. Julius Baer is noted for its traditional Swiss banking values, including a strong emphasis on client confidentiality.

In recent years, the company's reputation has been impacted by several legal and regulatory controversies.

Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority
The Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) is the Swiss government body responsible for financial regulation. This includes the supervision of banks, insurance companies, stock exchanges and securities dealers, as well as other financial intermediaries in Switzerland. FINMA's name and acronym are usually expressed in English so as to avoid the semblance of favouring any one of Switzerland's linguistic regions.

FINMA was established in 2007 and succeeded the Federal Banking Commission, thus EBK-CFB, established in 1934. It is an independent institution with its own legal personality based in Bern. It is institutionally, functionally and financially independent from the central federal administration and the Federal Department of Finance and reports directly to the Swiss parliament.
Woodend, Ulpha
Woodend is a hamlet in the civil parish of Ulpha, in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is situated between the Duddon Valley and the village of Ulpha and the valley of Eskdale, high up on Birker Fell, approximately 950 feet above sea level. It is claimed to have been an early Quaker settlement. With views towards Scafell Pike, England's highest mountain, it is very close to Devoke Water, one of the Lake District tarns.

A local historian recorded that "In the farmyard at Woodend can be seen a building used as a kind of barn, but with quite good mullion windows. This was the meeting house of the "Friends"."

Eskdale, Cumbria
Eskdale is a civil parish in the west of the Lake District National Park, and the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. It is named after the Eskdale valley which the River Esk flows through on its way from the fells of the Lake District to the Irish Sea at Ravenglass. The civil parish is not coterminous with the valley, as the parish also includes the upper valley of the River Mite (Miterdale), whilst the lower reaches of the River Esk are in the civil parish of Muncaster. Most of the parish's population is concentrated in the two villages of Eskdale Green and Boot.

One of the Lake District's most popular tourist attractions, the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway, runs through the parish, though along with other western parts of the Lake District, Eskdale is notably quieter during the high summer season than the more accessible eastern areas.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
On November 7, 2006, New York, along with the rest of the country held elections for the United States House of Representatives. Democrats picked up 3 House seats, the 19th, the 20th, and the 24th.

In federal elections, New York has consistently handed its vote to Democratic candidates. Of New York's twenty-nine congressional districts, all but ten are centered on heavily liberal and Democratic New York City and its surrounding suburbs, including Long Island and Westchester County. In 2002, a reapportionment was conducted and was planned as what is described as "a bipartisan incumbent protection plan". The primary was held on September 12, 2006. On September 11, the New York Times reported that Democrats were becoming less optimistic they could win Republican-held House seats in New York this year. However, this was not the case as three districts elected Democrats over their Republican challengers, two of them incumbents.

Randy Kuhl
John Randolph Kuhl Jr. (born April 19, 1943) is an American Republican politician. He is a former member of the New York State Assembly, the New York State Senate, and the United States House of Representatives. Kuhl represented New York's 29th congressional district for two terms before being defeated for reelection by Eric Massa in 2008.
Diving at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's synchronized 10 metre platform
The women's synchronized 10 metre platform competition of the diving events at the 2011 Pan American Games was held on October 27 at the Scotiabank Aquatics Center. The defending Pan American Games champion were Émilie Heymans and Marie-Ève Marleau of Canada.

The synchronized diving competitions all consist of one rounds.  All teams compete in a single round of six dives.

Eleven judges evaluate each dive, three each for each individual diver, and five for the synchronization, giving the diver/dive a score between 0 and 10 with increments of 0.5. The highest and lowest scores from each judge for each individual diver and the highest and lowest scores for synchronization are dropped.  The remaining five scores are added together and multiplied by the degree of difficulty to get the raw score.  The raw score is then multiplied by 0.6 to get the final score for the dive.

Diving at the 2011 Pan American Games
Diving competitions at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara were held from October 26 to October 29, at the Scotiabank Aquatics Center. The winner of each individual event earned their NOC a quota spot to compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Great Britain.
Osos de Manatí
The Osos de Manatí are a professional basketball team based in Manatí, Puerto Rico. They play in the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN), the top division basketball league in Puerto Rico. Prior to 2017, the team was named Atenienses de Manatí. In October 2022 they returned from a hiatus, when Puerto Rican singer Ozuna purchased the Brujos de Guayama, and relocated the team to Manatí. The team reached its first ever BSN finals in 2024, but lost in seven games to the Criollos de Caguas.

Manatí, Puerto Rico
Manatí (Spanish pronunciation: [manaˈti]) is a city and municipality of Puerto Rico on the northern coast. It is north of Morovis and Ciales, east of Florida and Barceloneta, and west of Vega Baja. Manatí has over 8 barrios and Manatí barrio-pueblo, the downtown area and the administrative center of the city. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Heath, Staffordshire
The Heath is a village in the East Staffordshire borough of Staffordshire, England. It is close to the border with Derbyshire. The village adjoins the town of Uttoxeter and the villages of Bramshall and Spath.

Bramshall
Bramshall is a village and former civil parish,  in the East Staffordshire district, Staffordshire, England; it is now in the parish of Uttoxeter Rural. It lies to the west of Uttoxeter, with a new housing estate to the north of it.
Washington's aides-de-camp
Washington's aides-de-camp during the American Revolutionary War were officers of the Continental Army appointed to serve on General George Washington's headquarters staff, with the rank of lieutenant colonel. The headquarters staff also included one military secretary, a full colonel.

Washington had a small number of aides-de-camp at any given time, with relatively frequent turnover. A total of 32 men were appointed to these positions, and served between July 4, 1775, and December 23, 1783.: 15  Other people worked as volunteer aides or assistants, and helped with office duties when needed.

Battle of White Plains
The Battle of White Plains took place during the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War on October 28, 1776, near White Plains, New York. Following the retreat of George Washington's Continental Army northward from New York City, British General William Howe landed troops in Westchester County, intending to cut off Washington's escape route. Alerted to this move, Washington retreated farther, establishing a position in the village of White Plains but failing to establish firm control over local high ground.

Howe's troops drove Washington's troops from a mountain near the village; following this loss, Washington ordered the Americans to retreat farther north. Later British movements chased Washington across New Jersey and into Pennsylvania. Washington then crossed the Delaware and surprised a brigade of Hessian troops in the December 26 Battle of Trenton.
Imaginary Homelands
Imaginary Homelands is a collection of essays and criticism by Salman Rushdie.

The collection is composed of essays written between 1981 and 1992, including pieces of political criticism – e.g. on the assassination of Indira Gandhi, the Conservative 1983 General Election victory, censorship, the Labour Party, and Palestinian identity – as well as literary criticism – e.g. on V. S. Naipaul, Graham Greene, Julian Barnes, and Kazuo Ishiguro among others.

The title essay – "Imaginary Homelands" – was originally published in the London Review of Books on 7 October 1982. Comparing his work Midnight's Children to other works that draw on diaspora as a central theme, Rushdie argues that the migrant – whether from one country to another, from one language or culture to another or even from a traditional rural society to a modern metropolis – "is, perhaps, the central or defining figure of the twentieth century."

Midnight's Children
Midnight's Children is the second novel by Indian-British writer Salman Rushdie, published in 1981 by Jonathan Cape with cover design by Bill Botten, about India's transition from British colonial rule to independence and partition. It is a postcolonial, postmodern and magical realist story told by its chief protagonist, Saleem Sinai, set in the context of historical events. The style of preserving history with fictional accounts is self-reflexive.

Midnight's Children sold over one million copies in the UK alone and won the Booker Prize and James Tait Black Memorial Prize in 1981. It was also awarded the special Booker of Bookers prize in 1993, and the Best of the Booker in 2008, to celebrate the Booker Prize's 25th and 40th anniversaries. In 2003 the novel appeared at number 100 on the BBC's The Big Read poll which determined the UK's "best-loved novels" of all time.
Tu quoque defense
The tu quoque defense (Latin for 'you too') asserts that the authority trying a defendant has committed the same crimes of which they are accused. It is related to the legal principle of clean hands, reprisal, and "an eye for an eye". The tu quoque defense does not exist in international criminal law and has never been accepted by an international court.

Tu quoque was invoked during the Nuremberg trials, in 1945.

In 1987, during the trial of Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie, the controversial lawyer Jacques Vergès argued that during the Algerian War, French officers such as General Jacques Massu had committed war crimes similar to those with which Barbie was being charged, and therefore the French state had no moral right to try Barbie. This defence was rejected by the court, which convicted Barbie.

Reprisal
A reprisal is a limited and deliberate violation of international law to punish another sovereign state that has already broken them. Since the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (AP 1), reprisals in the laws of war are extremely limited, as they commonly breach the rights of non-combatants.
Koolyanobbing, Western Australia
Koolyanobbing is located in the Shire of Yilgarn, Western Australia, 54 km (34 mi) north-northeast of the town of Southern Cross. Iron ore has been mined there since 1948 by a series of companies, with a break between 1983 and 1993, and since 2024. Most recently, the ore was mined by Mineral Resources and railed to the port at Esperance for export.

Shire of Yilgarn
The Shire of Yilgarn is a local government area in the eastern Wheatbelt region of Western Australia about 400 kilometres (250 mi) east of Perth, the state capital. The Shire covers an area of 30,720 square kilometres (11,860 sq mi) and its seat of government is the town of Southern Cross. The main industries within the Shire are mining and farming.
2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships – Welterweight
The Welterweight competition was the fifth-highest weight class featured  at the 2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships, and was held at the Mediolanum Forum. Welterweights were limited to a maximum of 69 kilograms in body mass.

2009 AIBA World Boxing Championships
The 2009 AIBA World Boxing Championships were held in Milan, Italy, from September 1, 2009 to September 12, 2009, in the Mediolanum Forum. It was the biggest World Championships in AIBA history. The competition was under the supervision of the world's governing body for amateur boxing, the AIBA.

Originally, Cameroon, Trinidad and Tobago and Uzbekistan each expressed interest in hosting the championships. However, they did not submit a final application and were therefore withdrawn from the running. This left Italy and South Korea remaining, who were the final two countries in contention during the bidding process to host the 2009 championships. The city of Milan in Italy was then chosen to host the competition.
2019 Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne
The 71st edition of the Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne cycling classic was held on 3 March 2019. It was part of the 2019 UCI Europe Tour and ranked as a 1.HC event. The route was 201.1 km (125 mi), starting and finishing in Kuurne. It was the second and concluding race of the Belgian opening weekend, the year's first road races in Northwestern Europe, one day after Omloop Het Nieuwsblad.

The race was won by Bob Jungels of Deceuninck–Quick-Step, followed by Owain Doull in second and Niki Terpstra finishing in third. 165 riders started and 70 riders finished the race.

2019 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad
The 2019 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 2 March 2019 in Belgium. It was the 74th edition of the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad and the fourth event of the 2019 UCI World Tour. It was won by Zdeněk Štybar.