hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Montmorency—Charlevoix
Montmorency—Charlevoix (formerly Beauport—Côte-de-Beaupré—Île d'Orléans—Charlevoix) is a federal electoral district (riding) in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 2004. An earlier Charlevoix—Montmorency riding was represented in the House of Commons from 1917 to 1925.

Since 2025, its member of Parliament (MP) has been Gabriel Hardy of the Conservative Party.

2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution
The federal electoral redistribution of 2012 was a redistribution of electoral districts ("ridings") in Canada following the results of the 2011 Canadian census. As a result of amendments to the Constitution Act, 1867, the number of seats in the House of Commons of Canada increased from 308 to 338. The previous electoral redistribution was in 2003.

The redistribution was implemented by proclamation under the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act on October 5, 2013, and came into effect upon the dissolution of the 41st Canadian Parliament on August 2, 2015. The resulting electoral districts and boundaries were used in the 2015, 2019, and 2021 federal elections.

Federal electoral districts were redistributed in 2022, which came into effect upon the dissolution of the 44th Canadian Parliament on April 23, 2025.
313th Airlift Squadron
The 313th Airlift Squadron is a United States Air Force Reserve squadron, assigned to the 446th Operations Group, stationed at McChord AFB, Joint Base Lewis–McChord, Washington. It is an associate unit of the active duty 7th Airlift Squadron, 62d Airlift Wing.

7th Airlift Squadron
The 7th Airlift Squadron is part of the 62d Airlift Wing at McChord Air Force Base, Washington.  It operates Boeing C-17 Globemaster III aircraft supporting the United States Air Force global reach mission worldwide.
United States Post Office (Geneva, New York)
US Post Office—Geneva is a historic post office building located at Geneva in Ontario County, New York. It is a symmetrically massed one story structure faced with red brick and trimmed in limestone. It was constructed in 1905-1906 and is the first post office constructed in New York state in the Colonial Revival style.  It is one of 13 post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department under James Knox Taylor. The entrance portico features four Doric columns supporting a full Doric entablature and pediment with an oculus in its tympanum.  The interior features a mural titled "The Vineyard" by Peter Blume and installed in 1942.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. It is located in the Geneva Commercial Historic District.

Geneva, New York
Geneva is a city in Ontario and Seneca counties in the U.S. state of New York. It is at the northern end of Seneca Lake; all land portions of the city are within Ontario County; the water portions are in Seneca County. The population was 12,812 at the 2020 census. The city is supposedly named after the city and canton of Geneva in Switzerland. The main settlement of the Seneca was spelled Zoneshio by early European settlers, and was described as being two miles north of Seneca Lake.

The city borders the town of Geneva and was once a part of it. The city identifies as the "Lake Trout Capital of the World."
Japan Karate Federation
The Japan Karate Federation (JKF), a.k.a. Japan Karatedo Federation, is a national governing body of the sport karate in Japan. The JKF is officially affiliated with the Japan Olympic Association (JOC), World Karate Federation (WKF), Japan Sports Association (JSA), and Japanese Budō Association (JBA). The styles recognized by the JKF are Gōjū-ryū, Shitō-ryū, Shotokan, and Wadō-ryū. Its headquarter is located in Tokyo, Japan.

Seisan
The karate kata Seisan (十三) (alternate names Sesan, Seishan, Jusan, Hangetsu) literally means '13'.  Some people refer to the kata as '13 Hands', '13 Fists', '13 Techniques', '13 Steps' or even '13 killing positions'; however, these names have no historical basis.

Seisan is thought to be one of the oldest kata, being quite spread among other Nahate schools. Shito-Ryū has its own version similar to Sanchin and different versions are now practiced even in Shuri-te derivatives like Shotokan (called Hangetsu) and in Wado-Ryū (called Seishan). Isshin-ryū also adopted this kata. Korean Tang Soo Do adopted it, and it is called either by its original name Sei-Shan or Seishan, or by Ban Wol which is the Korean translation of Hangetsu ("half moon"). Due to its difficulty, this kata is often reserved for advanced Tang Soo Do students.
Dignitatis humanae
Dignitatis humanae (Of the Dignity of the Human Person) is the Second Vatican Council's Declaration on Religious Freedom. In the context of the council's stated intention "to develop the doctrine of recent popes on the inviolable rights of the human person and the constitutional order of society", Dignitatis humanae spells out the church's support for the protection of religious liberty. It set the ground rules by which the church would relate to secular states.

The passage of this measure by a vote of 2,308 to 70 is considered by many to be one of the most significant events of the council. This declaration was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on December 7, 1965.

Dignitatis humanae became a point of dispute between the Vatican and traditionalist Catholics who argued that the council document was incompatible with previous authoritatively stated Catholic teaching.

Jus gentium
In Roman law and legal traditions influenced by it, ius gentium or jus gentium (Latin for "law of nations" or "law of peoples") is the law that applies to all gentes ("peoples" or "nations"). It was an early form of international law, comprising not a body of statute law or legal code, but the customary law thought to be held in common by all in "reasoned compliance with standards of international conduct".

Ius gentium was regarded as a form of ius naturale, or natural law. Unlike ius civile, it applied to all persons and not only Roman citizens, as the rules of ius gentium could be derived from natural reason as innate in all of mankind.

Following the Christianization of the Roman Empire, canon law also contributed to the European ius gentium. By the 16th century, the shared concept of the ius gentium disintegrated as individual European nations developed distinct bodies of law, the authority of the Pope declined, and colonialism created subject nations outside the West.
Attoyac River
The Attoyac Bayou (/ˈætəjæk/ AT-ə-yak) is a river in eastern Texas. As to the naming, the locals, historical records, and the state of Texas use the phrase 'bayou' but, since 1984, the USGS uses the term 'river'. It flows through Nacogdoches, San Augustine, Shelby and Rusk counties of east Texas. It is a tributary to the Angelina River which it enters within the Sam Rayburn Reservoir.

The Attoyac Bayou is the eponym of Attoyac, Texas.

Angelina River
The Angelina River is formed by the confluence of Barnhardt and Shawnee creeks 3 miles (5 km) northwest of Laneville in southwest central Rusk County, Texas, United States.

A tributary of the Neches River, the river flows southeast for 120 miles (193 km) and forms the boundaries between Cherokee and Nacogdoches, Angelina and Nacogdoches, and Angelina and San Augustine counties. It passes under US 59 via former Angelina River Bridge. It empties into the Neches River 12 miles (19 km) north of Jasper in northwestern Jasper County.

The Sam Rayburn Reservoir is on the southern part of the river.
Monastiraki, Crete
Monastiraki (Greek: Μοναστηράκι) is the archaeological site of an ancient Minoan town on the island of Crete. The site is on the plain of Amari, west of the Ida massif, 38 kilometres (24 miles) from Rethymnon.

Monastiraki likely dates to the Middle Minoan Old Palace period and was destroyed at the same time as the old palaces. Its importance for archaeology, then, lies in the fact that it was not subsequently built on and remains one of the best examples of Middle Minoan archaeology on the island. It is clearly located on a strategically important site, dominating the Amari Valley which connects the south coast of Crete to the west of Phaistos with the north coast of Crete at present day Rethymno. It is quite likely that Monastiraki was developed by Phaistos inhabitants founding a satellite center. (Hogan, 2007)

The site may have been a Minoan palace, and has thus far yielded a complex of buildings, including storehouses, two archive rooms of earthenware stamps and sanctuaries.

Rethymno
Rethymno (Greek: Ρέθυμνο [ˈreθimno], Italian: Retimo, formerly also Rettimo or Retimno, Latin: Civitas Rethymnæ, Turkish: Resmo) is a city in Greece on the island of Crete. It is the capital of Rethymno regional unit, and has a population of more than 35,000 inhabitants (nearly 40,000 for the municipal unit). It is believed to have been built on the site of the earlier city of Rhithymna.
John Walsh (scientist)
John Walsh (1 July 1726 – 9 March 1795) was a British scientist and Secretary to the Governor of Bengal.

John was born in Fort St. George, son of Joseph Walsh, Secretary to the Governor of Fort St. George and cousin to Nevil Maskelyne, the Astronomer Royal, and his cousin Margaret Maskelyne, the wife of Lord Clive.

Nevil Maskelyne
Nevil Maskelyne FRS FRSE (/ˈmæskəlɪn/; 6 October 1732 – 9 February 1811) was the fifth British Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811. He was the first person to scientifically measure the mass of the planet Earth. He created The Nautical Almanac, in full the British Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris for the Meridian of the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, using Tobias Mayer's corrections for Leonhard Euler's Lunar Theory tables.
Czorsztyn Castle
The ruins of Czorsztyn Castle (German: Sub-Arx Oberschloss, Arx Czorstein) are located in the southernmost part of Poland in Czorsztyn (Nowy Targ County in Lesser Poland), at Czorsztyn Lake within Pieniny National Park borders. On the other side of the Czorsztyn Lake is located Niedzica Castle.

Nowy Targ County
Nowy Targ County (Polish: powiat nowotarski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nowy Targ, which lies 67 kilometres (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków. The county also contains the towns of Rabka-Zdrój, lying 18 km (11 mi) north of Nowy Targ, and Szczawnica, 35 km (22 mi) east of Nowy Targ.

The county covers an area of 1,474.66 square kilometres (569.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 181,878, out of which the population of Nowy Targ is 33,493, that of Rabka-Zdrój is 13,031, that of Szczawnica is 7,334, and the rural population is 128,020.
Seismogenic layer
In geophysics and seismology, the seismogenic layer or seismogenic zone covers the range of depths within the crust or lithosphere in which most earthquakes originate. The thickness is heavily dependent on location.  For oceanic crust, the seismogenic layer thickness can be 0 to 40 kilometres (0 to 25 mi), and for continental crust, it ranges from 0 to 25 kilometres (0 to 16 mi). It is also important to note that at subduction zones, there is one seismogenic layer being pushed on top of another.  This can result in extremely deep earthquakes up to 700 kilometres (430 mi) in depth. The base of this layer represents the downwards change in deformation mechanism from elastic and frictional processes (associated with brittle faulting) to a generally aseismic zone where ductile creep becomes the dominant process. The location of this change in deformation style is sometimes referred to as the brittle–ductile transition zone.

Seismology
Seismology (/saɪzˈmɒlədʒi, saɪs-/; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós), meaning 'earthquake', and -λογία (-logía), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quakes) and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the environmental effects of earthquakes such as tsunamis; other seismic sources such as volcanoes, plate tectonics, glaciers, rivers, oceanic microseisms, and the atmosphere; and artificial processes such as explosions.

Paleoseismology is a related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes. A recording of Earth's motion as a function of time, created by a seismograph is called a seismogram. A seismologist is a scientist who works in basic or applied seismology.
Triglav National Park
Triglav National Park (TNP; Slovene: Triglavski narodni park, TNP) is the only national park in Slovenia. It was established in its modern form in 1981 and is located in the northwestern part of the country, respectively the southeastern part of the Alpine massif. Mount Triglav, the highest peak of the Julian Alps, stands almost in the middle of the national park. From there the valleys spread out radially, supplying water to two large river systems with their sources in the Julian Alps: the Soča and the Sava, flowing to the Adriatic and Black Sea, respectively.

Triglav Lakes Valley
The Triglav Lakes Valley (Slovene: Dolina Triglavskih jezer) is a rocky hanging valley in the Julian Alps in Slovenia, below the sheer sides of Mount Tičarica and Mount Zelnarica southwest of Triglav. The valley is also called the Seven Lakes Valley (Dolina sedmerih jezer), although there are ten and not seven lakes in the valley. It is above the tree line and is geologically alpine karst; therefore it has also been termed the Sea of Stone Valley (Dolina kamnitega morja).
Legislative Council of the Falkland Islands
The Legislative Council of the Falkland Islands (sometimes referred to as LEGCO) was the unicameral legislature of the Falkland Islands from 13 November 1845 until 1 January 2009. The new constitution came into force in 2009 and replaced the Legislative Council with the Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands.

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
The Face (American TV series) season 2
The second season of The Face premiered on March 5, 2014 on Oxygen. The season followed three supermodel coaches as they competed with each other to find 'the face' of Frédéric Fekkai's hair care brand by the same name.

Model coaches Coco Rocha and Karolína Kurková both opted to leave the show for season two. They were replaced by Anne Vyalitsyna and Lydia Hearst. Nigel Barker also joined to serve as the host for season two. The winner of the competition was 20-year-old Tiana Zarlin from San Diego, California.

The Face (American TV series)
The Face is an American reality television modeling competition series. The show is hosted by Nigel Barker, who was a previous judge on America's Next Top Model. The Face follows three supermodel coaches as they compete with each other to find 'the face' of a make-up brand. It premiered February 12, 2013, on Oxygen.

The series was renewed in April 2013 for a ten-episode second season, which premiered on March 5, 2014. While Naomi Campbell reappears in two seasons, Anne Vyalitsyna and Lydia Hearst replaced Coco Rocha and Karolina Kurkova as supermodel coaches for season two. In late 2014, Oxygen announced that they had no plans for a third season.
1920s in air cargo
This is a list of air cargo, airmail and airlift related events as well as a summary for the decade 1920–1929 (references to be found via the main Wikipedia links where not explicitly referenced here):

Ford Trimotor
The Ford Trimotor (also called the "Tri-Motor", and nicknamed the "Tin Goose") is an American three-engined transport aircraft. It made its first flight on June 11, 1926. Production started in 1925 by the companies of Henry Ford and ended on June 7, 1933, after 199 had been made. It was designed for the civil aviation market, but also saw service with military units.
Koury, Mali
Koury is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Yorosso in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The commune covers an area of 712 square kilometers and includes the town and 16 villages. In the 2009 census it had a population of 54,435. The town, the administrative center (chef-lieu) of the commune, is 19 km south of Yorosso on the main road linking Koutiala in Mali with the town of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso.

Koutiala
Koutiala (Bambara: ߞߎߕߌߊߟߊ tr. Kutiala) is a city in Mali in the administrative region of Sikasso, and is located 140 km north of the city of Sikasso.  Koutiala serves as the capital of its administrative Cercle, home to 575,253 people in 2009.  As of the 2009 Census, Koutiala has 137,919 residents.
Tolbert E. Gill House
The Tolbert E. Gill House is a historic house on the west side of South Spruce Street, just south of Arkansas Highway 22 in Paris, Arkansas.  It is a single-story masonry structure, built of out rusticated stone by its first owner, stonemason Tolbert E. Gill.  It is an architecturally unique and distinctive structure, with arched openings topped by castellated parapets.  The yard is further adorned with stone artwork created by Gill, who is believed to be either a German immigrant or the son of German immigrants.  Construction on the house began in 1920, and took about 15 years to achieve its present configuration.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Arkansas Highway 22
Arkansas Highway 22 (AR 22) is an east–west state highway in the Arkansas River Valley. The route runs 75.60 miles (121.67 km) from US 64 in Fort Smith east to Highway 7 in Dardanelle. Following the historic stagecoach line of the cross-country Butterfield Trail, the route is one of the original 1926 state highways. It is designated by the AHTD as the True Grit Trail.
Aerobic fermentation
Aerobic fermentation or aerobic glycolysis is a metabolic process by which cells metabolize sugars via fermentation in the presence of oxygen and occurs through the repression of normal respiratory metabolism. Preference of aerobic fermentation over aerobic respiration is referred to as the Crabtree effect in yeast, and is part of the Warburg effect in tumor cells. While aerobic fermentation does not produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in high yield, it allows proliferating cells to convert nutrients such as glucose and glutamine more efficiently into biomass by avoiding unnecessary catabolic oxidation of such nutrients into carbon dioxide, preserving carbon-carbon bonds and promoting anabolism.

Anabolism
Anabolism (/əˈnæbəlɪzəm/ ə-NAB-ə-liz-əm) is the set of metabolic pathways that construct macromolecules like DNA or RNA from smaller units. These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism, whereas catabolism is the breaking-down aspect. Anabolism is usually synonymous with biosynthesis.
Ruthenica filograna
Ruthenica filograna is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.

Subspeciesd

Ruthenica filograna catarrhactae (E. A. Bielz, 1861)

Ruthenica filograna filograna (Rossmässler, 1836)

Ruthenica filograna kimakowiczi H. Nordsieck, 2019

Ruthenica filograna pocaterrae Egorov, 2022

Ruthenica filograna polita (M. Kimakowicz, 1883)

Ruthenica filograna streicola H. Nordsieck, 2019

Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species, this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger.

Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical structure known as a clausilium, which enables the snail to close off the aperture of the shell with a sliding "door".
1996 Copenhagen Open
The 1996 Copenhagen Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the K.B. Hallen in Copenhagen, Denmark and was part of the World Series of the 1996 ATP Tour. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from 11 March until 17 March 1996. Third-seeded Cédric Pioline won the singles title.

1996 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
William Steel Dickson
William Steel Dickson (1744–1824) was an Irish Presbyterian minister and member of the Society of the United Irishmen, committed to the cause of Catholic Emancipation, democratic reform, and national independence. He was arrested on the eve of the United Irish rising in his native County Down in June 1798, and not released until January 1802.

Thomas Russell (rebel)
Thomas Paliser Russell (21 November 1767 – 21 October 1803) was a founding member, and leading organiser, of the United Irishmen marked by his radical-democratic and millenarian convictions. A member of the movement's northern executive in Belfast, and a key figure in promoting a republican alliance with the agrarian Catholic Defenders, he was arrested in advance of the risings of 1798 and held until 1802. He was executed in 1803, following Robert Emmet's aborted rising in Dublin for which he had tried, but failed, to raise support among United and Defender veterans in the north.
Phalgunanda Rural Municipality
Phalgunanda (Nepali: फाल्गुनन्द गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality (gaunpalika) out of seven rural municipality located in Panchthar District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. There are a total of 8 municipalities in Panchthar in which 1 is urban and 7 are rural.

According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Developme Phalgunanda has an area of 107.53 square kilometres (41.52 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is  
24060 as of Census of Nepal 2011.

Nawamidanda, Imbung, Pauwa Sartap, Chilingdin, Aangsarang and Phaktep which previously were all separate Village development committee merged to form this new local level body. Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality).

The rural municipality is divided into total 7 wards and the headquarter of this newly formed rural municipality is situated in Phaktep.

Chilingdin
Chilingdin  is a village development committee in Panchthar District in the Province No. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3081 people living in 575 individual households.