hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nexus driver
A Nexus driver is a bus device driver that interfaces leaf drivers to a specific I/O bus and provides the low-level integration of this I/O bus.

In some systems, for example Solaris, drivers are organized into a tree structure. A driver that provides services to other drivers below it in the tree is called, in Solaris terminology, a nexus driver. A tree node with no children, a leaf node, is called a leaf driver.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Order-5 icosahedral 120-cell honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the order-5 icosahedral 120-cell honeycomb is one of four regular star-honeycombs. With Schläfli symbol {3,5,5/2,5}, it has five icosahedral 120-cells around each face. It is dual to the great 120-cell honeycomb.

It can be constructed by replacing the great dodecahedral cells of the great 120-cell honeycomb with their icosahedral convex hulls, thus replacing the great 120-cells with icosahedral 120-cells. It is thus analogous to the four-dimensional icosahedral 120-cell. It has density 10.

Honeycomb (geometry)
In geometry, a honeycomb is a space filling or close packing of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions. Its dimension can be clarified as n-honeycomb for a honeycomb of n-dimensional space.

Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic honeycombs.  Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.
Impact winter
An impact winter is a hypothesized period of prolonged cold weather due to the impact of a large asteroid or comet on the Earth's surface. If an asteroid were to strike land or a shallow body of water, it would eject an enormous amount of dust, ash, and other material into the atmosphere, blocking the radiation from the Sun. This would cause the global temperature to decrease drastically. If an asteroid or comet with the diameter of about 5 km (3.1 mi) or more were to hit in a large deep body of water or explode before hitting the surface, there would still be an enormous amount of debris ejected into the atmosphere. It has been proposed that an impact winter could lead to mass extinction, wiping out many of the world's existing species. The Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event probably involved an impact winter, and led to mass extinction of most tetrapods weighing more than 25 kilograms (55 pounds).

Firestorm
A firestorm is a conflagration which attains such intensity that it creates and sustains its own wind system. It is most commonly a natural phenomenon, created during some of the largest bushfires and wildfires. Although the term has been used to describe certain large fires, the phenomenon's determining characteristic is a fire with its own storm-force winds from every point of the compass towards the storm's center, where the air is heated and then ascends.

The Black Saturday bushfires, the 2021 British Columbia wildfires, and the Great Peshtigo Fire are possible examples of forest fires with some portion of combustion due to a firestorm, as is the Great Hinckley Fire. Firestorms have also occurred in cities, usually due to targeted explosives, such as in the aerial firebombings of London, Hamburg, Dresden, and Tokyo, and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
Palanasaspis
Palanasaspis chekhivensis is an extinct species of pteraspidid heterostracan agnathan which existed during the Pragian epoch of the early Devonian period in what is now Podolia, Ukraine.  It is known primarily from a wide rostral plate, which is referenced in the generic name, a compound word combining the Latin words pala, "shovel," and nasus, "nose," with the Greek suffix aspis, "a small shield."  Although the rostral plate clearly marks the creature as a pteraspidoid heterostracan, that literally nothing else of its anatomy is known forces researchers to leave it as incertae sedis.

Pteraspidiformes
Pteraspidiformes is an extinct order of heterostracan agnathan vertebrates known from extensive fossil remains primarily from Early Devonian strata of Europe and North America, and from Upper Silurian Canada.
Friday Street, London
Friday Street is a small street in the City of London, England.

The street is reported to have been named either after a fish market held on Fridays (which was traditionally a day of abstinence from meat), or a corruption of the Old English word Frigdaeges. It originally ran between Cheapside and Old Fish Street and was one of the principal thoroughfares of the Bread Street Ward in Mediaeval London. It was partially cleared to construct Queen Victoria Street, and following damage in World War II, only the section between Queen Victoria Street and Cannon Street remains.

The street once had three churches: St Margaret Moses, St John the Evangelist and St Matthew. All three were destroyed in the Great Fire of London. St Matthew was rebuilt following the fire, but subsequently demolished.

Bracken House sits at the corner of Friday Street and Cannon Street. It was designed by Albert Richardson as the main office and print works of the Financial Times.

Cheapside
Cheapside is a street in the City of London, the historic and modern financial centre of London, England, which forms part of the A40 London to Fishguard road. It links St Martin's Le Grand with Poultry. Near its eastern end at Bank Junction, where it becomes Poultry, is Mansion House, the Bank of England, and Bank station. To the west is St Paul's Cathedral, St Paul's tube station and square.

In the Middle Ages, it was known as Westcheap, as opposed to Eastcheap, another street in the City, near London Bridge. The boundaries of the wards of Cheap, Cordwainer and Bread Street run along Cheapside and Poultry; prior to boundary changes in 2003 the road was divided amongst Farringdon Within and Cripplegate wards in addition to the current three.

The contemporary Cheapside is the location of a range of retail and food outlets and offices, as well as the City's only major shopping centre, One New Change.
Thermie
A thermie (th) is a non-SI metric unit of heat energy, part of the metre-tonne-second system sometimes used by European engineers. The thermie is equal to the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 tonne (1,000 kg) of water at 14.5 °C at standard atmospheric pressure by 1 °C. The thermie is equivalent to 1000 kcal, 4.1868 MJ or 3968.3 BTU.

British thermal unit
The British thermal unit (Btu) is a measure of heat, which is a form of energy. It was originally defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. It is also part of the United States customary units. The SI unit for energy is the joule (J); one Btu equals about 1,055 J (varying within the range of 1,054–1,060 J depending on the specific definition of Btu; see below).

While units of heat are often supplanted by energy units in scientific work, they are still used in some fields. For example, in the United States the price of natural gas is quoted in dollars per the amount of natural gas that would give 1 million Btu (1 "MMBtu") of heat energy if burned.
Red chalk
Red chalk is chalk of a reddish-brown color, which was used as a material for drawing. It is obtained from the red ochre variety of hematite. Another term for red chalk, common in older references, is sanguine (/ˈsæŋɡwɪn/). The word comes via French from the Italian sanguigna and is originally from the Latin "sanguis"; it refers to the color's similarity to that of dried blood.

Red chalk was used by the ancient Egyptians and ancient Romans for wall painting. By the 16th century deposits were known in Italy, Spain, Flanders, France, and Germany, and the material became a popular medium for drawing. Leonardo da Vinci, in the late 15th century, was the first major artist to work in the medium.

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.
Herboxidiene
Herboxidiene is a polyketide molecule soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, n-butanol and acetone but insoluble in non-polar solvents such as hexane. It was first isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces chromofuscus by Monsanto in 1992. Herboxidiene shows in vitro antitumor activity by targeting the SF3B protein in the splicesosome. Many antitumor derivatives have also been developed from herboxidiene through chemical modification.

Polyketide
In organic chemistry, polyketides are a class of natural products derived from a precursor molecule consisting of a chain of alternating ketone (>C=O, or its reduced forms) and methylene (>CH2) groups: [−C(=O)−CH2−]n. First studied in the early 20th century, discovery, biosynthesis, and application of polyketides has evolved. It is a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites caused by its complex biosynthesis which resembles that of fatty acid synthesis. Because of this diversity, polyketides can have various medicinal, agricultural, and industrial applications. Many polyketides are medicinal or exhibit acute toxicity. Biotechnology has enabled discovery of more naturally occurring polyketides and evolution of new polyketides with novel or improved bioactivity.
Tornado outbreak sequence of May 21–26, 2011
From May 21 to May 26, 2011, several significant and deadly tornado outbreaks  affected the Midwestern and Southern regions of the United States. A six-day tornado outbreak sequence, most of the tornadoes developed in a corridor from Lake Superior southwest to central Texas, while isolated tornadoes occurred in other areas. An especially destructive EF5 tornado destroyed one-third of Joplin, Missouri, resulting in 158 deaths and over 1,000 injuries. The Joplin tornado was the deadliest in the United States since April 9, 1947, when an intense tornado killed 181 in the Woodward, Oklahoma, area. Tornado-related deaths also occurred in Arkansas, Kansas, Minnesota, and Oklahoma. Overall, the tornado outbreak resulted in 186 deaths, 8 of those non-tornadic, making it second only to the 2011 Super Outbreak as the deadliest since 1974. It was the second costliest tornado outbreak in United States history behind that same April 2011 outbreak, with insured damage estimated at $4–7 billion.

McClain County, Oklahoma
McClain County is a county located in south central Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,662. Its county seat is Purcell. The county was named for Charles M. McClain, an Oklahoma constitutional convention attendee.

McClain County is part of the Oklahoma City, OK metropolitan statistical area.
Putab
Putab (Persian: پوتاب, also Romanized as Pūtāb) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 43, in 8 families.

Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District
Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان طيبي سرحدئ شرقي) is in Charusa District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Javardeh.
National CBRN Defence Centre
63°50′14″N 20°15′14″E﻿ / ﻿63.83722°N 20.25389°E﻿ / 63.83722; 20.25389

The National CBRN Defence Centre (Swedish: Totalförsvarets skyddscentrum, SkyddC, lit. 'Total Defense Protection Center') is a Swedish military unit with expertise regarding chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defense used by both the army, marines and the air force. The unit has been existing in different forms since 1953. Totalförsvarets skyddscentrum is localised together with Västerbottensgruppen (UG 61) within Umeå Garrison (also known as Umestan), which is the barracks that previously were used by Västerbotten Regiment.

Västerbotten Regiment
The Västerbotten Regiment (Swedish: Västerbottens regemente), designations I 19, I XIX, I 20 and I 20/Fo 61, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from the province of Västerbotten, where it was later garrisoned. The unit was disbanded as a result of the disarmament policies set forward in the Defence Act of 2000.
1946 Claxton Shield
The 1946 Claxton Shield was the seventh annual Claxton Shield, an Australian national baseball tournament—the first time the tournament was held after a seven-year break due to World War II. It was held at Petersham Oval and Marrickville Oval in Sydney from 3 to 10 August, and was won by the hosts New South Wales for the fourth time in a row. With this tournament win, they overtook South Australia as the outright leading state in Claxton Shield tournament wins.

The other participating teams were Victoria and hosts South Australia. The two newest teams to the tournament—Western Australia and Queensland—did not participate. However both did host an interstate series: Western Australia hosted a South Australian team, and Queensland hosted New South Wales after the Sydney season.

New South Wales Patriots
New South Wales Patriots compete in the Claxton Shield baseball championship in Australia.

The Patriots were one of the founding teams of the Claxton Shield in 1934 and competed as New South Wales until 1988 when the Claxtion Shield was awarded to the winner of the Australian Baseball League. In 1999 they were invited to join the International Baseball League of Australia which they competed in for 2 seasons (1999-00 and 2002). After this point the Claxton Shield reverted to a competition similar to 1988.
Makiko Ohmoto
Makiko Ohmoto (大本 眞基子, Ōmoto Makiko; born February 1, 1973) is a freelance Japanese voice actress from Kurashiki, Okayama. She is best known for her roles in various video games, particularly as the voice of Kirby in the eponymous game series. She has also voiced Inahime in the Samurai Warriors series, Lyn in the Fire Emblem series, and Ness from the EarthBound series in Super Smash Bros..

Battle B-Daman
Battle B-Daman (Japanese: B-伝説! バトルビーダマン, Hepburn: Bī-Densetsu! Batoru Bīdaman; "B-Legend! Battle B-Daman") is a Japanese manga series by Eiji Inuki which ran in CoroCoro Comics by Shogakukan from 2002 to 2005. An anime adaptation was released in January 2004. It premiered in the United States in April 2005. It is the first show of the B-Daman series to be dubbed in English. In Japan, the second season, titled Battle B-Daman: Fire Spirits! (B-伝説! バトルビーダマン 炎魂, Bī-Densetsu! Batoru Bīdaman), was superseded by Crash B-Daman, a new series with an all new cast and story. The toyline was originally manufactured by Takara and was licensed by Hasbro for release in United States.
Seki Matsunaga
Seki Matsunaga (松永 碩, Matsunaga Seki; June 25, 1928 – March 4, 2013) was a Japanese football player. He played for Japan national team. His brother Akira Matsunaga and Nobuo Matsunaga also played for Japan national team.

Football at the 1951 Asian Games
Football at the 1951 Asian Games was held in New Delhi, India from 5 to 11 March 1951. In this tournament, six teams played in the men's competition. The pitch dimensions were 110 by 65 yards slightly narrower than permitted by international regulations but FIFA had been notified this in advance and sanctioned the tournament.
Bolandra
Bolandra is a small genus of plants related to the saxifrages. It contains two species known as false coolworts. These are perennials with toothed leaves and inflorescences of curling, sharp-petalled flowers. They are both native to western North America.

Species:

Bolandra californica - Sierra false coolwort

Bolandra oregana - northern false coolwort

Bolandra californica
Bolandra californica is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family, known by the common names Sierra bolandra and Sierra false coolwort. It is one of two species in the small genus Bolandra. It is endemic to the High Sierra Nevada of California, where it is an uncommon member of the coniferous forest understory.

This is a perennial herb growing from a caudex, producing a few sharp-lobed leaves up to ten centimeters long. The inflorescence is a tall panicle reaching up to 60 centimeters in height and topped with small flowers. Each flower is a cup-shaped body with five lobes curling back at the mouth. Five thin, sharp-pointed petals curl out from the mouth, each long and green with purple edges.
Ogle DVD Player
Ogle is a DVD player for Linux, and other Unix-like operating systems. It was released as free software under the GNU GPL license. It was originally developed in 1999 by a few students at Chalmers Tekniska Högskola (Chalmers University of Technology) in Göteborg, Sweden, and maintained until late 2003.  It was the first free software/open source DVD player able to play DVD menus and can play CSS encrypted DVDs, but does not play DVDs with ripping protection schemes such as ARccOS Protection that are common on movie DVDs from major studios.  Ogle does not play anything other than DVDs. Ogle runs from the command line, but with the FOX toolkit install it can be used with the Goggles GUI.

Chalmers University of Technology
Chalmers University of Technology (Swedish: Chalmers tekniska högskola, commonly referred to as Chalmers) is a private research university located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers focuses on engineering and science, but more broadly it also conducts research and offers education in shipping, architecture and management. The university has approximately 3,100 employees and 10,000 students.

Chalmers coordinates the development of a Swedish quantum computer
and
the Graphene Flagship, a European Union research initiative to develop commercial technologies with graphene.

The university is a co-founder of the CDIO Initiative, a member of the UNITECH International program, the IDEA League, the Nordic Five Tech, 
and the ENHANCE alliances as well as the EURECOM consortium and the CESAER network.
1892 Western University of Pennsylvania football team
The 1892 Western University of Pennsylvania football team was an American football team that represented the Western University of Pennsylvania (now known as the University of Pittsburgh) as an independent during the 1892 college football season.

1892 Washington & Jefferson football team
The 1892 Washington & Jefferson football team was an American football team that represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1892 college football season. Led by J. J. Clark in his first and only year as head coach, the team compiled a record of 4–0.
Statia gens
The gens Statia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned in the early decades of the Republic, but the name does not appear again in history until the time of Cicero.  The Statii remained relatively undistinguished until the reign of Trajan, when Lucius Statius Aquila was raised to the consulship.

Moesia
Moesia (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία, romanized: Moisía) was a Roman province situated in the Haemus  Peninsula, south of the Danube River. Created after the Danubian-Hæmus conquest during the reign of Augustus, Moesia included most of the territory of modern eastern Serbia, Kosovo, north-eastern Albania, northern parts of North Macedonia (Moesia Superior), Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobruja and small parts of Southern Ukraine (Moesia Inferior).
2019 Africa Men's Sevens
The 2019 Africa Men's Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament held in Johannesburg on 8–9 November 2019. It was the seventh championship in Africa Men's Sevens, a series that began in 2013.

This tournament also served as a qualifying tournament for the 2020 Summer Olympics, with the champion team Kenya advancing.

The next two best-placed teams, Uganda and Zimbabwe were eligible to compete at a final Olympic qualifier tournament, as well as the 2020 World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series.

2020 Men's Rugby Sevens Final Olympic Qualification Tournament
The final qualification repechage tournament for men's rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 18–20 June 2021 at Stade Louis II in Monaco. The tournament was originally scheduled for a year earlier, but was postponed until 2021 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Twelve men's teams were eligible to compete in the repechage tournament, being the second and third ranked teams from the six continental qualifiers. Two teams, Brazil and China, withdrew a month before the competition due to challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. A third team, Uganda, had to withdraw after members of their squad recorded positive COVID-19 test results on arrival in Monaco. This reduced the number of teams competing to nine.

Ireland won the repechage tournament, defeating France by 28–19 in the final, to qualify for the men's sevens tournament at the Tokyo Olympics.
William Morris Kinnersley
William Morris Kinnersley (January 3, 1944 – February 19, 2025) was an American physicist who is well known for his contributions to general relativity.

Kinnersley earned his Ph.D. from Caltech in 1968, under the direction of Jon Mathews. In 1969, he published an exact null dust solution to the Einstein field equation and thereby created the photon rocket, an object with mass propelled by the emission of light (radiation without mass). This solution remains one of the few known exact solutions with clear physical interpretations, and in consequence it is widely cited as an important breakthrough. In 1978, Kinnersley, C. Hoenselaers, and Basilis C. Xanthopoulos published an important solution generating method for solving the Einstein field equation.

Jon Mathews
Jon Mathews (1932–1979) was a physicist, yachtsman, scholar, and adventurer. After a 23-year career as a physics professor, he was lost at sea and presumed drowned during a circumnavigation attempt with his wife Jean in 1979.