hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nauruan navigational system
The Nauruan navigational system is a way of expressing direction, similar to North, South, East and West, but limitations in the system mean that it is unable to be used outside of Nauru.
The system is constructed using two main points, Ganokoro and Arijejen. Ganokoro stands for a place in Nauru that was considered a place of sunrise, and Arijejen was a place of sunset on the island. Arijejen was close to the place that once hosted a cemetery of the Chinese settlements of the island.
The four main directions are pago, poe, Pawa (Apwewa) and Pwiju (apwijiuw). The word Apuwijiuw was generally translated as "eastwards", and stands for a direction towards Ganokoro, whereas the word Apwewa is translated as "westwards", and stands for a direction towards Arijejen. The word pago stands for a direction towards the beach (as in the coast of the island) and  poe stands for the direction towards the inland of the island, and the words are used in the form rodu apago and roga apoe.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Xerocomellus
Xerocomellus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae. The genus, as it was described in 2008, contained 12 species.  However X. rubellus and X. engelii  were transferred to the new genus Hortiboletus and X. armeniacus was transferred to the new genus Rheubarbariboletus in 2015. Molecular analysis supports the distinction of Xerocomellus species from Boletus and Xerocomus, within which these species were formerly contained.  Xerocomellus in fact is only distantly related to Xerocomus and is most closely related to Tylopilus, Boletus sensu stricto, Porphyrellus, Strobilomyces, and Xanthoconium.

Tylopilus
Tylopilus is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from Boletus. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (Tylopilus felleus), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species T. alboater. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces.
Place Jean-Paul Riopelle
Place Jean-Paul-Riopelle is a public square located in the Quartier international of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

The square is bordered to the south by Saint Antoine Street West and the 27-storey château-style InterContinental Hotel, to the east is Bleury Street and the Palais des congrès de Montréal, to the west is the CDP Capital Centre and to the north is Viger Avenue West.

Palais des congrès de Montréal
The Palais des congrès de Montréal is a convention centre in Montreal's Quartier international at the north end of Old Montreal. Its borough is Ville-Marie. Construction began in 1977 and completed in 1983; the Palais opened on 21 May 1983. Victor Prus designed the original building.

Place-d'Armes station is located in the building with an underground connection to and from the convention centre.

Some of the land for Palais des congrès was expropriated from Chinatown, Montreal, along with building of Complexe Guy-Favreau. Plans to expand the Palais began in 1997. It was expanded from 1999 to 2002, doubling its capacity from 92,000 square metres (990,000 sq ft) to 184,000 square metres (1,980,000 sq ft). The expansion was designed by a consortium of three firms: Tétrault Parent Languedoc; Saia Barbarese Topouzanov; and Aedifica, with Hal Ingberg.

This was the venue for the 2022 United Nations Biodiversity Conference, which led to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
1987 Goody's 500
The 1987 Goody's 500 was the 24th stock car race of the 1987 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 39th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 27, 1987, before an audience of 41,000 in Martinsville, Virginia at Martinsville Speedway, a 0.526 miles (0.847 km) permanent oval-shaped short track. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete.

Heading into the final lap of the race, the three cars of Hendrick Motorsports' Darrell Waltrip, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt, and Junior Johnson & Associates' Terry Labonte engaged in a battle for the victory. Heading into the final two turns of the race, Waltrip bumped into the bumper of Labonte's car, sending Labonte out of control. Labonte hit Earnhardt's car, letting Waltrip pass the two of them to take his 71st career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, the aforementioned Earnhardt and Labonte finished second and third, respectively.

1987 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1987 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 39th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 16th modern-era cup series.

The season began on February 8 and ended on November 22. Dale Earnhardt of Richard Childress Racing won the championship for the third time.
Stone Tapes
Stone Tapes is an independent record label, music collective and imprint of Joyful Noise Recordings curated by Yonatan Gat. The label was founded in 2022, branching off of Joyful Noise's artist-in-residence program, and emerged from visions and insights arising in conversations between players, producers, promoters, journalists and other indigenous artistic peers around the eponymously titled Medicine Singer's LP, which ultimately evolved into Stone Tapes' debut release.

Musical collective
A musical collective is a type of artist collective for musicians in which membership is flexible and creative control is shared. The concept is distinct from that of a traditional band in that musical collectives allow for flexibility in their rosters, and members are free to rotate in and out of the line-up. Collectives may exist in almost any genre of music, although they have been especially prominent in indie rock and hip hop. They may differ from record labels in that they primarily serve as mutual support for member artists, although some collectives may also serve as a record label for members.

Musical collectives typically consist of artists with similar stylistic interests. Notable musical collectives have included the Soulquarians, Elephant 6, and the Dungeon Family, and Odd Future, among others.
Gymnemic acid
Gymnemic acids are a class of chemical compounds isolated from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre (Apocynaceae).  They are anti-sweet compounds, or sweetness inhibitors. After chewing the leaves, solutions sweetened with sugar taste like water.

Chemically, gymnemic acids are triterpenoid glycosides.  The central structure is the aglycone gymnemagenin (C30H50O6). This is adorned with a sugar such as glucuronic acid and with various ester groups.  These variations give rise to the different gymnemic acids.  More than 20 homologs of gymnemic acid are known.

Gymnemic acid I has the highest anti-sweet properties.  It suppresses the sweetness of most of the sweeteners including intense artificial sweeteners such as aspartame and natural sweeteners such as thaumatin, a sweet protein. The anti-sweet activity is reversible, but sweetness recovery on the tongue can take more than 10 minutes.

Thaumatin
Thaumatin (also known as talin) is a low-calorie sweetener and taste modifier. The protein is often used primarily for its flavor-modifying properties and not exclusively as a sweetener.

The thaumatins were first found as a mixture of proteins isolated from the katemfe fruit (Thaumatococcus daniellii) (Marantaceae) of West Africa. Although very sweet, thaumatin's taste is markedly different from sugar's. The sweetness of thaumatin builds very slowly. Perception lasts a long time, leaving a liquorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations. Thaumatin is highly water soluble, stable to heating, and stable under acidic conditions.
ExoCarta
ExoCarta is a manually curated database of exosomal proteins, RNA and lipids.

Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles that are present in many and perhaps all biological fluids, including blood, urine, and cultured medium of cell cultures. The reported diameter of exosomes is between 30 and 100 nm, which is larger than LDL, but much smaller than for example, red blood cells. Exosomes are either released from the cell when multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane or they are released directly from the plasma membrane. It is becoming increasingly clear that exosomes have specialized functions and play a key role in, for example, coagulation, intercellular signaling, and waste management. Consequently, there is a growing interest in the clinical applications of exosomes. Exosomes can potentially be used for prognosis, therapy, and biomarkers for health and disease.

Endosome
Endosomes are a collection of intracellular sorting organelles in eukaryotic cells. They are parts of the endocytic membrane transport pathway originating from the trans Golgi network. Molecules or ligands internalized from the plasma membrane can follow this pathway all the way to lysosomes for degradation or can be recycled back to the cell membrane in the endocytic cycle. Molecules are also transported to endosomes from the trans Golgi network and either continue to lysosomes or recycle back to the Golgi apparatus.

Endosomes can be classified as early, sorting, or late depending on their stage post internalization. Endosomes represent a major sorting compartment of the endomembrane system in cells.
Manoj Malaviya
Manoj Malaviya is a 1986 batch Indian Police Service officer who is the State Police Advisor of West Bengal, an ex-cadre post equivalent to DGP rank. He previously served as Director General of the West Bengal Police from August 2021 to December 2023.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Julia gens
The gens Julia was one of the most prominent patrician families of ancient Rome. From the early decades of the Republic, members of this gens served in the highest offices of the Roman state, beginning with Gaius Julius Iulus, consul in 489 BC. However, the Julii are perhaps best known for Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator and adoptive father of the emperor Augustus, through whom the name was passed to the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the first century AD. The nomen Julius became very common in imperial times, as the descendants of persons enrolled as citizens under the early emperors began to make their mark in history.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Mesola
Mesola (Ferrarese: La Mèsula) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ferrara in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Bologna and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of Ferrara. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 7,331 and an area of 84.2 square kilometres (32.5 sq mi).

Mesola borders the following municipalities: Ariano nel Polesine, Berra, Codigoro, Goro.

One of the landmarks in the town is the Castle of Mesola, built between 1578 and 1583, mainly used as a hunting lodge by the Este dynasty. It now houses the civic library and the Museum of the Wood and Deer of Mesola.

Ferrara
Ferrara (/fəˈrɑːrə/; Italian: [ferˈraːra] ⓘ; Emilian: Fràra [ˈfraːra]) is a city and comune (municipality) in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, capital of the province of Ferrara. As of 2016, it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated 44 kilometres (27 miles) northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km (3 miles) north. The town has broad streets and numerous palaces dating from the Renaissance, when it hosted the court of the House of Este. For its beauty and cultural importance, it has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
La Dehesa
La Dehesa is a suburban neighborhood in Lo Barnechea Commune of Santiago, Chile. It borders Las Condes to the south and Vitacura to the west. It is located in a valley near the Andes, northeast of the city, north of the Mapocho River. La Dehesa is known as one of Chile's most affluent neighborhoods.

Las Condes
Las Condes is an affluent commune in northeastern Santiago, Chile, known as the country's main financial hub and one of Latin America's most prosperous urban districts. It concentrates corporate headquarters, luxury hotels, and high-rise offices in a sleek skyline locals call "Sanhattan"—a nod to its blend of Santiago and Manhattan. Beyond its business core, Las Condes is home to exclusive residential neighborhoods, top-ranked schools, and a cosmopolitan mix of international institutions and communities.
Jack Miller (motorcyclist)
Jack Peter Miller (born 18 January 1995) is an Australian Grand Prix motorcycle racer who rides for the Prima Pramac Yamaha MotoGP. He was the German 2011 IDM 125cc International Champion. Miller has won four races in the premier class, his first at the 2016 Dutch TT on a Marc VDS Honda, his second and third in consecutive weekends of May 2021, at Jerez, Spain, and Le Mans, France on a Ducati, and his fourth at the 2022 Motul Grand Prix of Japan, also on a Ducati. He has finished as the championship runner-up in the 2014 Moto3 World Championship.

Miller now uses the nickname 'Thriller', whereas earlier in his career he was known as 'Jackass'.

Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit
The Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit is a motor racing circuit located near Ventnor, on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia. The current circuit was first used in 1952.

Along with The Bend Motorsport Park in South Australia, the 4.448 km (2.764 mi) long island circuit is one of two race tracks in Australia to carry a FIM Category A track licence which allows for the highest level of motorcycle racing, MotoGP. Phillip Island also carries an FIA Grade 3 track licence.
Arch of the Centuries
The Arch of the Centuries (Filipino: Arko ng mga Siglo) is a arched gate at the Plaza Intramuros of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila, Philippines. Half of the current structure, the side facing the UST Main Building is the ruins of the 17th-century arch door of the first UST campus in Intramuros, while the side that faces España Boulevard is a replica inaugurated in 1954.

It was declared as a National Cultural Treasure by the  National Museum on 25 January 2010.

One of the cultural icons of the University of Santo Tomas, it is often the site of important campus events. The Thomasian Welcome Walk is UST's tradition of welcoming the freshmen by passing through the arch. The passing through happens once more after the baccalaureate mass when the graduating class exits through the arch, signifying the completion of their student life in the university.

Coat of arms of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor was the heir of several of Europe's leading royal houses.  In 1506, he inherited the 
Burgundian Netherlands, which came from his paternal grandmother, Mary of Burgundy. In 1516, Charles became the king of Spain, inheriting the kingdoms first united by his maternal grandparents, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (the Catholic Monarchs). Finally, on the death of his paternal grandfather in 1519, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, he inherited the Habsburg lands in central Europe and was elected Holy Roman Emperor.
1972 New Orleans Saints season
The  1972 New Orleans Saints season was the team's sixth as a member of the National Football League (NFL). They failed to improve on their previous season’s output of 4–8–2, winning only two games. The team failed to qualify for the playoffs for the sixth consecutive season.

The Saints suffered through their second 2–11–1 season in three years, tying with the Philadelphia Eagles for the second worst record in the league, only surpassed by the Houston Oilers’ 1–13. Coincidentally, one of the Saints' two wins came at the Eagles' expense. It would be their worst until they went 2–12 in 1975.

1971 New Orleans Saints season
The 1971 New Orleans Saints season was the Saints' fifth season. The Saints drafted Archie Manning with their first round pick, the second overall.

Manning led the Saints to their first opening day victory in franchise history, scoring a touchdown run on a rollout on the final play of a 24–20 victory over the Los Angeles Rams, New Orleans' first over Los Angeles following four consecutive losses, including the Saints' inaugural game in 1967. Four weeks later, Manning engineered a 24–14 victory over the Dallas Cowboys, who would return to Tulane Stadium in January and win Super Bowl VI over the Miami Dolphins.
South African Springbok Championship Series
The South African Springbok Championship Series (known as the Shell Drivers Cup in 1970 and the Castrol Springbok Series in 1971) was a sports car racing series based in Southern Africa. The series ran from 1965 until 1973. The series was cancelled after two rounds of the 1973 season due to the oil crisis, and never returned.  The series' signature event was the Kyalami 9 Hours. The series was frequented by European teams and drivers, as it took place in November and December after the World Sportscar Championship and Can-Am seasons. The series did not crown a champion among drivers.

Can–Am
The Canadian-American Challenge Cup, or Can-Am, was an SCCA/CASC sports car racing series from 1966 to 1974, and again from 1977 to 1987.

The Can-Am rules were deliberately simple and placed few limits on the entries. This led to a wide variety of unique car body designs and powerful engine installations. Notable among these were Jim Hall's Chaparrals and entries with over 1,000 horsepower.
Broadmoor World Arena (1998)
The Broadmoor World Arena (originally known as the Colorado Springs World Arena) in Colorado Springs, Colorado is an 8,000 seat multi-purpose arena and entertainment venue. The arena opened in 1998. In addition to the main arena, the adjacent Ice Hall contains two practice rinks, one NHL-sized and one Olympic-sized.

The facility is home to world-class concerts and events, the Broadmoor Skating Club (BSC), numerous elite figure skaters, and the Colorado Gold Speedskating Club. It was home to the US National Short Track Speedskating Team until the summer of 2007 when the team moved to Utah Olympic Oval. The World Arena also manages the Pikes Peak Center, a performing arts center located in downtown Colorado Springs.

The building serves as a replacement for the original Broadmoor World Arena, which opened in 1938. Demolished in 1994, it was the former home of the BSC and Colorado College hockey programs and site of the first ten NCAA hockey championships.

Utah Olympic Oval
The Utah Olympic Oval is an indoor speed skating oval located 14 miles (23 km) southwest of Salt Lake City, in Kearns, Utah. The Oval was built for the 2002 Winter Olympics and it hosted the long-track speed skating events for the 2002 games, a role it is expected to reprise for the 2034 Winter Olympics.

Inside the facility the 400 meter skating track surrounds two international sized ice sheets, and is itself surrounded by a 442-meter running track. Due to its high altitude, 4,675 feet (1,425 m), and the associated low air resistance, ten Olympic records and nine world records were set at the Oval during the 2002 games, the largest number of world records ever set at one event.
Land drainage in the United Kingdom
Land drainage in the UK refers to the drainage of land in the United Kingdom. It has gained a specific and particular meaning as a result of a number of  Acts of Parliament such as the Land Drainage Act 1991. In this context, land drainage refers to the responsibilities and activities of "internal drainage districts" and "internal drainage boards", both of which are specifically defined by relevant legislation. The land drainage responsibilities of the boards and districts are limited to works on main rivers. Such works encompass any reasonable activity to maintain an adequate channel in the river to carry a 1 in 100 year river flow event. Such activities may include dredging, weed clearing, the raising of flood embankments etc.

Internal drainage board
An internal drainage board (IDB) is a type of operating authority which is established in areas of special drainage need in England and Wales with permissive powers to undertake work to secure clean water drainage and water level management within drainage districts. The area of an IDB is not determined by county or metropolitan council boundaries, but by water catchment areas within a given region. IDBs are geographically concentrated in the Broads, Fens in East Anglia and Lincolnshire, Somerset Levels and Yorkshire.

In comparison with public bodies in other countries, IDBs are most similar to the Waterschappen of the Netherlands, Consorzi di bonifica e irrigazione of Italy, wateringen of Flanders and Northern France, Watershed Districts of Minnesota, United States and Marsh Bodies of Nova Scotia, Canada.
2018 AFF U-16 Girls' Championship
The 2018 AFF U-16 Girls' Championship was the 3rd edition of the AFF U-16 Girl's Championship, an international women's football tournament organised by the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF). The tournament was hosted by Indonesia from 1 to 13 May 2018. The defending champion was Thailand. They managed to retain their title.

ASEAN U-16 Women's Championship
The ASEAN U-16 Women's Championship is association football tournament for women's national teams under the age of 15.  It was first conducted in 2009 as the AFF U-16 Women's Championship with an upper age limit of 16. It is organised by the ASEAN Football Federation every two years. The official tournament started in 2009, hosted by Myanmar and won by Australia.
Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics
At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, 37 events were contested in athletics. There were a total number of 1005 participating athletes from 80 countries.

The men's 50 kilometres walk competition was dropped from the Olympic athletics programme, despite its constant presence at the games since 1932. The IAAF chose to host its own world championship event instead, a month and a half after the Olympics. This foreshadowed the creation of the IAAF World Championships in Athletics in the following years.

Athletics at the Summer Olympics
Athletics has been contested at every Summer Olympics since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics. The athletics program traces its earliest roots to events used in the ancient Greek Olympics. The modern program includes track and field events, road running events, and race walking events. Cross country running was also on the program in earlier editions but it was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics.