hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cornell University Southeast Asia Program
The Southeast Asia Program (SEAP) was founded in 1950 to promote the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge about countries, cultures and languages of the region. It is an interdisciplinary program of Cornell University that focuses on the development of graduate training and research opportunities on the languages and cultures of Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Cornell University is known for being the "Mecca of Southeast Asian studies."

Southeast Asian studies
Southeast Asian studies (SEAS) refers to research and education on the language, culture, and history of the different states and ethnic groups of Southeast Asia. Some institutions refer to this discipline as ASEAN Studies since most of the countries that they study belong to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations or ASEAN. Definitions of what constitutes Southeast Asia differ between scholars, which blurs the boundaries between Southeast Asian studies and other regional studies like Oriental studies and post-colonial studies. Southeast Asian studies incorporates anthropology, religious studies, linguistics, and international relations.
Tsunami Warning (Japan)
Japan has a nationwide Tsunami Warning system (Japanese: 大津波警報・津波警報・津波注意報). The system usually issues warnings a few minutes after an Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) is issued, should waves be expected, usually when a combination of high magnitude, seaward epicenter and vertical focal mechanism is observed. The tsunami warning was issued within 3 minutes with the most serious rating on its warning scale during the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami; it was rated as a "major tsunami", being at least 3 m (9.8 ft) high. An improved system was unveiled on March 7, 2013, following the 2011 disaster to better assess imminent tsunamis.

Earthquake Early Warning (Japan)
In Japan, the Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) (緊急地震速報, Kinkyū Jishin Sokuhō) is an alert that is issued when an earthquake is detected by multiple seismometers. These warnings are primarily issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), with guidance on how to react to them.
1998 Oahu Bowl
The 1998 Oahu Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game between the Air Force Falcons and the Washington Huskies. Part of the 1998–99 bowl season, the inaugural Oahu Bowl matched the fifth-place team from the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) against the champions of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC).

1998–99 NCAA football bowl games
The 1998–99 NCAA football bowl games concluded the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. In the first year of the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) era, Tennessee defeated Florida State in the 1999 Fiesta Bowl, designated as the BCS National Championship Game for the 1998 season.

A total of 22 bowl games were played between December 19, 1998 and January 4, 1999 by 44 bowl-eligible teams. Two new bowl games were established in 1998–99: the Oahu Bowl and the Music City Bowl.
Musa of Karaman
Musa of Karaman, a.k.a. Hacı Sufi Burhanettin Musa, was a bey of  Karaman Beylik, a Turkish principality in Anatolia in the 14th century.

His father was Mahmut Bey. He succeeded his father in 1312. Although he appointed his brother Yahşi as the governor of Konya, the Seljuk capital, Emir Coban, the Mongol commander, captured the city and Musa had to be contended with the former possessions of his beylik. However, he even lost Karaman, his capital city (ancient Larende) to his rebelling brother İbrahim, who was backed by the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. According to Ibn Batuta, in 1332 he was ruling only in Ermenek. But in 1352, after a chaos period in the beylik, he was invited to Karaman, where he ruled till 1356. In his last days, he went to battle with the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and took many of their territories.

Musa died in 1356 at Konya he was succeeded by his nephew Süleyman

Karaman
Karaman is a city in south central Turkey, located in Central Anatolia, north of the Taurus Mountains, about 100 km (62 mi) south of Konya. It is the seat of Karaman Province and Karaman District. Its population is 175,390 (2022). The town lies at an average elevation of 1,039 m (3,409 ft). The Karaman Museum is one of the major sights.
Šeduva Eldership
The Šeduva Eldership (Lithuanian: Šeduvos seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Radviliškis District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 3963.

The old Šeduva eldership was mentioned in the 2nd half of the 16th century.

The 20th century eldership was established in 1995 on the site of the Šeduva district. By the resolution of the municipal council  of May 21, 2009 No. T-689, the Šeduva eldership was annexed to the Šeduva city eldership on July 1, 2009.

Radviliškis District Municipality
Radviliškis District Municipality (Lithuanian: Radviliškio rajono savivaldybė) is one of the seven municipalities of Šiauliai County (Šiaulių apskritis) in Lithuania. Radviliškis town has been its center since 1950.

Radviliškis district has 13 subdivisions or elderships (Seniūnija).
Gregoire Lake 176
Gregoire Lake 176 is an Indian reserve of the Fort McMurray First Nation in Alberta, located within the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. It is 35 kilometres southeast of Fort McMurray. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 191 living in 62 of its 74 total private dwellings.

Fort McMurray
Fort McMurray (/məkˈmʌri/ mək-MURR-ee) is an urban service area in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo in Alberta, Canada. It is located in northeast Alberta, in the middle of the Athabasca oil sands, surrounded by boreal forest. It has played a significant role in the development of the national petroleum industry. The 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire led to the evacuation of its residents and caused widespread damage.

Formerly a city, Fort McMurray became an urban service area when it amalgamated with Improvement District No. 143 on April 1, 1995, to create the Municipality of Wood Buffalo (renamed the RM of Wood Buffalo on August 14, 1996). Despite its current official designation of urban service area, many locals, politicians and the media still refer to Fort McMurray as a city. Fort McMurray was known simply as McMurray between 1947 and 1962.
Standard Widget Toolkit
The Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) is a graphical widget toolkit for use with the Java platform. It was originally developed by Stephen Northover at IBM and is now maintained by the Eclipse Foundation in tandem with the Eclipse IDE. It is an alternative to the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) and Swing Java graphical user interface (GUI) toolkits provided by Sun Microsystems as part of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).

To display GUI elements, the SWT implementation accesses the native GUI libraries of the operating system using Java Native Interface (JNI) in a manner that is similar to those programs written using operating system-specific application programming interfaces (APIs). Programs that call SWT are portable, but the implementation of the toolkit, despite part of it being written in Java, is unique for each platform.

The toolkit is free and open-source software distributed under the Eclipse Public License, which is approved by the Open Source Initiative.

Widget toolkit
A widget toolkit, widget library, GUI toolkit, GUI framework, UI framework, or UX library is a library or a collection of libraries containing a set of graphical control elements (called widgets) used to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) of programs.

Most widget toolkits additionally include their own rendering engine. This engine can be specific to a certain operating system or windowing system or contain back-ends to interface with multiple ones and also with rendering APIs such as OpenGL, OpenVG, or EGL.
The look and feel of the graphical control elements can be hard-coded or decoupled, allowing the graphical control elements to be themed/skinned.
Mazegawa Dam
Mazegawa No.2 Dam (馬瀬川第二ダム, Mazegawa dai-ni da-mu) is a dam in the city of Gero in Gifu Prefecture, Japan  on the Maze River. The dam is part of the Iwaya Dam project which acts as a flood control across the wider Kiso River system. The dam is a concrete gravity dam with a height of 44.5 meters. It was constructed for hydroelectric power generation and its associated power plant has a capacity of 288,000 kilowatts of power. It is managed by the Chubu Electric Power Company.

Gero, Gifu
Gero (下呂市, Gero-shi) is a city located  in Gifu, Japan. As of 31 October 2017, the city had an estimated population of 33,283, and a population density of 39 persons per km2 (101/sq mi), in 12,253 households. The total area of the city was 851.21 square kilometres (328.65 sq mi). The city is famous for its hot springs.
Sesarmidae
The Sesarmidae are a family of crabs, previously included in the Grapsidae by many authors. Several species, namely in Geosesarma, Metopaulias, and Sesarma, are true terrestrial crabs. They do not need to return to the sea even for breeding.

Grapsidae
The Grapsidae are a family of crabs known variously as marsh crabs, shore crabs, or talon crabs. The family has not been confirmed to form a monophyletic group and some taxa may belong in other families. They are found along the shore among rocks, in estuaries, marshes, and in some cases pelagic among drifting seaweeds and flotsam.
2011–12 V AFG
The 2011–12 V AFG season is the 57th season of the Bulgarian V AFG, the third tier of the Bulgarian football league system. The winners of each of the four regional groups progress to the 2012–13 B PFG, and up to four teams from each group are relegated to regional amateur championships.

2011–12 B Group
The 2011–12 B Group was the 56th season of the Bulgarian B Football Group, the second tier of the Bulgarian football league system. The season started on 13 August 2011 and finished in June 2012 with the A Group promotion play-off.

On 9 June the Executive Committee of Bulgarian Football Union decided to reduce further the number of teams in both West and East B PFG due licensing problems in most of the clubs. The new format consisted of ten teams in each group playing three times against all the others during the season. There were no draws for the matches between fixture 19 and fixture 27. The program was issued depending the position of each club after the completion of fixture 18.

Like in the previous season, the A Group promotion play-off was played in two stages. The first was the match between the runners-up from the West and East B PFG. The final stage was played between the 14th finished team from A Group and the winner from the first stage.
Toulouse railway network
The Toulouse railway network is a railway network in Toulouse metropolitan area in France. Established in 1856, with the opening of the Matabiau station (now Toulouse main station), it has six lines, or eight branches, arranged more or less in a star shape.

It is operated and managed by SNCF and serves 27 stations, including 12 inside the city of Toulouse.

Toulouse–Bayonne railway
The railway from Toulouse to Bayonne is an important French 319-kilometre long railway line, that connects the southern city Toulouse to the southwestern town Bayonne, running along the foothills of the Pyrenees. The railway was opened in several stages between 1861 and 1867.
Part-of-speech tagging
In corpus linguistics, part-of-speech tagging (POS tagging, PoS tagging, or POST), also called grammatical tagging, is the process of marking up a word in a text (corpus) as corresponding to a particular part of speech, based on both its definition and its context.
A simplified form of this is commonly taught to school-age children, in the identification of words as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.

Once performed by hand, POS tagging is now done in the context of computational linguistics, using algorithms which associate discrete terms, as well as hidden parts of speech, by a set of descriptive tags. POS-tagging algorithms fall into two distinctive groups: rule-based and stochastic. E. Brill's tagger, one of the first and most widely used English POS taggers, employs rule-based algorithms.

Computational linguistics
Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics draws upon linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mathematics, logic, philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, anthropology and neuroscience, among others. Computational linguistics is closely related to mathematical linguistics.
Mary Kiffmeyer
Mary Kiffmeyer (born December 29, 1946) is an American politician. She served as Minnesota Secretary of State from 1999 to 2007 and went on to serve in the Minnesota legislature. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, she previously represented District 30, which included parts of Hennepin, Sherburne, and Wright counties.

Minnesota Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Twenty-two individuals have held the office of secretary of state since statehood. The incumbent is Steve Simon, a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party.
Paddy O'Toole
Patrick O'Toole (15 January 1938 – 11 May 2025) was an Irish Fine Gael politician.

O'Toole was nominated by the Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave to the 13th Seanad in 1973. He was elected to Dáil Éireann on his second attempt at the 1977 general election as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála for Mayo East. O'Toole was one of just a handful of new Fine Gael TDs in the biggest landslide election victory for Fianna Fáil.

He served in both cabinets of Garret FitzGerald in the 1980s, as Minister for the Gaeltacht (1981–1982, 1982–1987), Minister for Tourism, Fisheries and Forestry (1982–1986, 1987) and Minister for Defence (1986–1987). He retained his Dáil seat at each general election until losing it at the 1987 general election. He was nominated to the 17th Seanad to fill a vacancy after the general election. He then retired from politics.

O'Toole died on 11 May 2025, at the age of 87.

17th Seanad
The 17th Seanad was in office from 1983 to 1987. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the November 1982 general election to the 24th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 18th Seanad.
Porte, Piedmont
Porte is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Turin.

Porte borders the following municipalities: Pinerolo, San Pietro Val Lemina, Villar Perosa, San Germano Chisone, and San Secondo di Pinerolo.

San Pietro Val Lemina
San Pietro Val Lemina (French: Saint-Pierre) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, part of the Piedmont region, northern Italy. It takes its name from the Lemina torrent, which flows in its territory.
Banshkhali Beach
Banshkhali Sea Beach is a beach located in Banshkhali Upazila of Chittagong District, Bangladesh. It is also known as Baharchhara Beach. The beach is sandy and has two main points: Kadamrasul Point and Khankhanabad Point. The total length of the beach is 37 kilometres. After Cox's Bazar Beach, it is the second-longest sea beach in Bangladesh.

Banshkhali Upazila
Banshkhali (Bengali: বাঁশখালী) is a coastal upazila of Bangladesh, located in the Chittagong district along the Bay of Bengal. It is the 5th largest upazila in the Chittagong district and the largest in southern Chittagong. This upazila boasts the second-largest sea beach in Bangladesh, after Cox's Bazar, known as Banshkhali Sea Beach. The longest hanging bridge in Bangladesh is also located in this upazila.
2017 Conference USA women's basketball tournament
The 2017 Conference USA women's basketball tournament was a postseason women's basketball tournament for Conference USA was held March 8–11 in Birmingham, Alabama. The first two rounds took place at Bartow Arena while the semifinals and championship took place at Legacy Arena. WKU won their 2nd C-USA tournament title and earned an automatic trip to the NCAA women's tournament.

2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament was played from Friday, March 17 to Sunday, April 2, 2017, with the Final Four played at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas on March 31 and April 2. This was the first time that the women's Final Four was played in Dallas and the first time since 2002 that the Final Four games were played on Friday and Sunday, rather than Sunday and Tuesday. South Carolina defeated Mississippi State to win the championship.

Tennessee continued its record streak of making every NCAA women's basketball tournament at 36 consecutive appearances. UConn also continued its record streak of 10 consecutive Final Four appearances.
Birindji ferik
Birindji ferik, birinci ferîk or ferîk-i evvel (corresponding to the earlier Ottoman rank of Serdar) was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. The title means "First Ferîk" and was senior to a Ferîk and junior only to the Müşîr (equivalent to Field Marshal).

The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and cap (until 1933) of a Birinci Ferîk had three stripes and three stars during the early years of the Turkish Republic.

The rank of birinci ferîk was abolished on November 26, 1934, in accordance with Article 3 of Law No. 2590 on the Abolition of Nicknames and Titles. With Decree No. 2295, issued on April 9, 1935, the equivalent of the birinci ferîk rank was designated as orgeneral for Army birinci ferîks and oramiral for Navy birinci ferîks.

Mushir
Mushir (Arabic: مشير) is an Arabic word meaning "counsellor" or "advisor". It is related to the word shura, meaning consultation or "taking counsel".

As an official title, it historically indicates a personal advisor to the ruler. In this use it is roughly comparable to the European titles of State Counsellor and Counsellor of State.

In a military context, mushir became associated with the idea of the ruler's personal counsellor or advisor on military matters, and as such became the highest rank in Arab countries and the Ottoman Empire. It is used as the highest rank in most armed forces of the Middle East and North Africa, for armies, navies, and air forces. It is therefore equivalent to the ranks of Field Marshal and Admiral of the Fleet.
QSO B1524−136
QSO B1524−136 is a quasar located in the constellation of Libra. It has a redshift of (z) 1.687 and it was first identified by astronomers from the Parkes Observatory in 1966. The object is classified as a compact steep spectrum source (CSS) and is noted for its two-sided radio jet.

Libra (constellation)
Libra /ˈliːbrə/ is a constellation of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for weighing scales. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♎︎).  It is fairly faint, with no first magnitude stars, and lies between Virgo to the west and Scorpius to the east. Beta Librae, also known as Zubeneschamali, is the brightest star in the constellation. Three star systems are known to have planets.
Department of Manipuri, Manipur University
Department of Manipuri (Meitei: Manipuri Masang), also known as Manipuri Department, is an educational department of studies in Meitei language (officially called Manipuri language), institutionally parented to the Manipur University of Canchipur, Imphal.
It organises research works in Meitei literature, specifically in Meitei folklore and in Old Manipuri (Ancient Meitei).

Manipur University
Manipur University (Meitei: Manipur Taibang Maheikol) is a central university located in Imphal, Manipur, India. It was established on 5 June 1980, under the Manipur University Act, 1980 (Manipur Act 8 of 1980), as a teaching cum-affiliating university with territorial jurisdiction over the state of Manipur. It was converted into a central university under the Manipur University Act, 2005 w.e.f. 13 October 2005.
Tokyo Marui
Tokyo Marui Co. Ltd (株式会社東京マルイ, Kabushiki-gaisha Tōkyō Marui) is a Japanese toy company located in Adachi, Tokyo, famous for manufacturing toy cars and pioneering the design of battery-powered airsoft guns.  Their products are principally sold in Japan, but are also exported worldwide.

The company had its own center for airsoft sport called Tokyo Marui BB Sports Field which was operated during 2009 and 2010. Their guns have appeared in numerous movies and it has merchandising arrangements with many games .

Heckler & Koch G3
The Heckler & Koch G3 (German: Gewehr 3) is a select-fire battle rifle chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO developed in the 1950s by the West German firearms manufacturer Heckler & Koch, in collaboration with the Spanish state-owned firearms manufacturer CETME. The G3 was the service rifle of the West German Bundeswehr until it was replaced by the Heckler & Koch G36 in the 1990s after German reunification, and was adopted into service with numerous other countries.

The G3 has been exported to over 70 countries and manufactured under license in at least 15 countries. Over 7.8 million G3s have been produced. Its modular design was used for several other HK firearm models, including the HK21, MP5, HK33, PSG1, and G41.
Stadion Lokomotiva Praha
Stadion Lokomotiva Praha (formerly known as Stadion na Plynárně) is a stadium in Holešovice, Prague, Czech Republic, opened in 1953. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Loko Prague. The ground hosted matches in the 2013–14 Czech National Football League.

Holešovice
Holešovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦolɛʃovɪtsɛ]) is a district in the north of Prague situated on a meander of the River Vltava, which makes up the main part of the district Prague 7 (an insignificant part belongs to Prague 1).

In the past Holešovice was a heavily industrial suburb; today it is home to the main site of the Prague's National Gallery with the Trade Fair Palace (Veletržní palác), and the National Technical Museum.

In 1928, the Libeň Bridge was opened on the site of a wooden temporary bridge from 1903, and is still the longest river bridge in Prague.

In 2020, The Guardian named Holešovice as one of the 10 coolest neighborhoods in Europe.
Civil Marriage Act
The Civil Marriage Act (French: Loi sur le mariage civil) is a federal statute legalizing same-sex marriage across Canada. At the time it became law, same-sex marriage had already been legalized by court decisions in all Canadian jurisdictions except Alberta, Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.

It was introduced as Bill C-38 in the first session of the 38th Canadian Parliament on February 1, 2005. It passed the House of Commons on June 28, 2005, and the Senate on July 19, 2005. The Act became law when it received Royal Assent on July 20, 2005.

Reading (legislature)
A reading of a bill is a stage of debate on the bill held by a general body of a legislature.

In the Westminster system, developed in the United Kingdom, there are generally three readings of a bill as it passes through the stages of becoming, or failing to become, legislation. Some of these readings may be formalities rather than actual debate. Legislative bodies in the United States also have readings.

The procedure dates back to the centuries before literacy was widespread. Since many members of Parliament were illiterate, the Clerk of Parliament would read aloud a bill to inform members of its contents. By the end of the 16th century, it was practice to have the bill read on three occasions before it was passed.