hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soler model
The soler model is a quantum field theory model of Dirac fermions interacting via four fermion interactions in 3 spatial and 1 time dimension.  It was introduced in 1938 by Dmitri Ivanenko

and re-introduced and investigated in 1970 by Mario Soler as a toy model of self-interacting electron.

This model is described by the Lagrangian density

where  is the coupling constant,
 in the Feynman slash notations, .
Here , , are Dirac gamma matrices.

The corresponding equation can be written as

,

where , ,
and  are the Dirac matrices.
In one dimension,
this model is known as the massive Gross–Neveu model.

Four-fermion interactions
In quantum field theory, fermions are described by anticommuting spinor fields. A four-fermion interaction describes a local interaction between four fermionic fields at a point in spacetime. A theory involving such an interaction might be an effective field theory or it might be fundamental.

In four spacetime dimensions, such theories are not renormalisable.
Phoenixites
Phoenixites is an early (Late Devonian) genus of the Falcitornoceratinae, a subfamily of the goniatitid Tornoceratidae family. This genus was named by Becker in 1995. The type species is "Tornoceras" frechi.

The shell of Phoenixites is discoidal, on which constrictions may be present.  Growth lines are strongly biconvex in juvenile stages, later with shallow a lateral sinus.

Phoenixites may have contained the ancestor of Falcitornoceras which likely gave rise to Gundolficeras, all members of the Falcitornoceratinae.

Tornoceratidae
Tornoceratidae is a family of goniatitid ammonoids from the middle and upper Devonian.  The family is included in the suborder Tornoceratina and the superfamily Tornoceratoidea.

Tornoceratids are subdiscoidal goniatitids with biconvex growth lines and sutures that form 6 to 10 lobes, the ventral one undivided, the lateral ones originating as subdivisions of external and internal lateral saddle. They are derived from the Anarcestida.
La Reforma (caldera)
La Reforma is a Plio-Pleistocene caldera on the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. It is part of eleven volcanoes in Baja California, which formed with the Gulf of California during the Miocene, about ten million years ago. Previously, a volcanic arc had existed on the peninsula. The caldera's basement consists of granites and monzonites, formed between the Cretaceous and the Middle Miocene.

The caldera has a diameter of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) and is surrounded by a rim 100 to 500 metres (330 to 1,640 ft) high; its highest point is 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) high above sea level. The formation of the caldera was accompanied by the eruption of a 5–10 cubic kilometres (1.2–2.4 cu mi) ignimbrite. After the eruption, volcanic activity continued in and around the caldera, forming lava domes, lava flows and a resurgent dome that rises 700 metres (2,300 ft) above the caldera margin.

Other volcanoes in the area include El Aguajito and Tres Virgenes.

Tres Vírgenes
Tres Vírgenes is a complex of volcanoes located in the Mulegé Municipality in the state of Baja California Sur, on the Baja California Peninsula in northwestern Mexico. This Volcano is part of a volcanic ridge that extends from Baja California towards the Guaymas Basin.

It is composed of three volcanoes, aligned northeast–southwest, with El Viejo, the oldest, to the northeast, El Azufre in the middle, and the youngest, El Vírgen, to the southwest.

El Vírgen, being by far the most conspicuous of the three, is commonly known as "Las Tres Vírgenes".
Haldor Børve
Haldor Larsen Børve (19 August 1857 – 11 August 1933) was an architect from Ullensvang Municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. Børve started an architectural practice in Porsgrunn in 1889 and designed numerous buildings in Telemark and Vestfold counties, many of them influenced by Dragestil and the Nordic National Romantic style. Among his best-known works are Dalen Hotel from 1894 and Porsgrunn City Hall from 1904/1905.

Gunnar Knudsen
Gunnar Knudsen (19 September 1848 – 1 December 1928), born Aanon Gunerius Knudsen, was a Norwegian politician from the Liberal Party who served as the prime minister of Norway twice from 1908 to 1910 and from 1913 to 1920. He also inherited a shipping company, and founded the shipping company Borgestad ASA.
Máxima FM
Máxima FM was the main Spanish top 40-leaning electronic dance music station. It is part of Cadena SER radio stations, owned by PRISA Group. It was founded in 2002 and it is based in Madrid.

On October 9, 2019, Maxima FM was replaced by Los40 Dance.

PRISA
Promotora de Informaciones, S.A. (PRISA) is a Spanish media conglomerate headquartered in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest media companies in Spain and in Latin America, producing a wide variety of educational, cultural and informative content. PRISA owns a portfolio of newspapers, magazines, radio stations, and television networks. The majority subsidiaries and brands of the company are El País, Los 40, and Santillana.
Boise State–Idaho football rivalry
The Boise State–Idaho football rivalry was an intrastate college football rivalry in Idaho between the Broncos of Boise State University and Vandals of the University of Idaho in Moscow. The game was played annually 1971–2010, and with the exception of the 2001–2004 games, the rivalry was a conference game (Big Sky 1971–1995, Big West 1996–2000, and WAC 2005–2010). Boise State moved from the WAC to the Mountain West Conference in 2011 and the rivalry went on hiatus. The teams are scheduled to meet on September 6, 2031, and will take place in Boise.

The teams had played for the Governor's Trophy since 2001, won by BSU every year. In 2009, the game was televised nationally for the first time on ESPNU from Bronco Stadium in Boise. The fortieth and most recent game in the rivalry in 2010 was televised live in prime time on ESPN2 on Friday, November 12, from the Kibbie Dome in Moscow.

2010 Boise State Broncos football team
The 2010 Boise State Broncos football team represented Boise State University in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Broncos were led by fifth-year head coach Chris Petersen and played their home games at Bronco Stadium. They entered the 2010 season with winning streaks of 14 games overall and 25 games in regular-season play. This was the Broncos' final season as a member of the Western Athletic Conference, as the school announced on June 11, 2010, that it would leave the WAC for the Mountain West Conference effective July 1, 2011.

The Broncos finished the season 12–1, 7–1 in WAC play to claim a share of the WAC title with Nevada and Hawaii. The title was their third straight and eighth in the last nine years. They were invited to the Maaco Bowl Las Vegas where they defeated Utah 26–3.
Grey-tailed tattler
The grey-tailed tattler (Tringa brevipes), also known as the Siberian tattler or Polynesian tattler, is a small shorebird in the genus Tringa. The English name for the tattlers refers to their noisy call. The genus name Tringa is the Neo-Latin name given to the green sandpiper by Aldrovandus in 1599 based on Ancient Greek trungas, a thrush-sized, white-rumped, tail-bobbing wading bird mentioned by Aristotle. The specific brevipes is from Latin brevis, "short", and pes, "foot".

This tattler breeds in northeast Siberia. After breeding, they migrate to an area from southeast Asia to Australia.

Green sandpiper
The green sandpiper (Tringa ochropus) is a small wader (shorebird) of the Old World.

The green sandpiper represents an ancient lineage of the genus Tringa; its only close living relative is the solitary sandpiper (T. solitaria). They both have brown wings with little light dots and a delicate but contrasting neck and chest pattern. In addition, both species nest in trees, unlike most other scolopacids.

Given its basal position in Tringa, it is fairly unsurprising that suspected cases of hybridisation between this species and the common sandpiper (A. hypoleucos) of the sister genus Actitis have been reported.
Lestes ochraceus
Lestes ochraceus is a species of damselfly in the family Lestidae, the spreadwings. It is known commonly as the ochre spreadwing. It is native to much of central Africa.

This species occurs in open freshwater habitat types such as pools and slow-running streams. It is a widespread species which is probably not threatened at this times.

Lestidae
The Lestidae are a rather small family of cosmopolitan, large-sized, slender damselflies,
known commonly as the spreadwings or spread-winged damselflies.

Fossil lestids are known from the Late Eocene onwards.
Gustave Lhopiteau
Gustave Émile Joseph Lhopiteau (also L'hopiteau; French: [ɡystav lɔpito]; 26 April 1860 – 3 October 1941) was a French politician who served as Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice from 1920 to 1921 under Prime Ministers Alexandre Millerand and Georges Leygues. A Radical, he represented Eure-et-Loir in both houses of the French Parliament.

Lhopiteau started his political career in 1892 as general councillor of the canton of Maintenon, a position he held until 1922. He was president of the General Council of Eure-et-Loir from 1907 to 1920.

Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice
Minister of Justice (French: Ministre de la Justice), formally known as Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice (Garde des Sceaux, ministre de la Justice [ɡaʁd de so ministʁ d(ə) la ʒystis]), is a cabinet position in the Government of France. The current minister of justice has been Gérald Darmanin since 2024. The ministry is headquartered on Place Vendôme in the 1st arrondissement of Paris.
Abilene Zoological Gardens
The Abilene Zoo is a 16-acre (6.5 ha) zoo located in Abilene, Texas, United States. The zoo has over 800 animals representing over 175 species. Attendance for 2021 was 255,000.

Abilene zoo has been an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) since 1985. The zoo participates in the AZA Reciprocal Admissions Program, allowing members to obtain free or reduced admissions at many other American zoos.

The zoo is funded by the City of Abilene and the Abilene Zoological Society, a 501(c)(3) non-profit.

Cameron Park Zoo
Cameron Park Zoo is a 52-acre (21 ha) natural habitat zoo located within Cameron Park in the city of Waco, Texas, United States, next to the Brazos River. Established in July 1993, Cameron Park Zoo has native vegetation that surrounds waterfalls, a lake, and ponds. The zoo features a diverse collection that includes over 1731 animals, representing 300 species from around the world. The zoo keeps a single female African savanna Elephant named Tembo, who was born in the wild in 1977 and arrived in Waco on January 15th, 1979.

The Cameron Park Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and is a member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA).
Elizabeth Hartley (Girl Guides)
Clarita Elizabeth Hartley, OBE (1 February 1906 – March 1996) was active in the Girl Guiding movement both in the United Kingdom and internationally.

Hartley joined the Guiding movement as a Guider in 1925. She was a Guider-in-Charge at Foxlease and also held numerous committee positions at a national level within the Girl Guide Association (now Girlguiding UK).

Hartley was a volunteer with the Guide International Service, working in post-war Germany.

In 1969 she was vice-chair of the WAGGGS' 20th World Conference in Finland. She was awarded the Silver Fish. Hartley succeeded Mona Burgin as leader of the Training Team of the World Association Training scheme. Hartley authored several works about Guiding.

World Conference (World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts)
The World Conference is the governing body of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) and meets every three years. If a country has more than one association, the associations form a federation for coordination and world representation.
Tunisia at the 1976 Summer Olympics
During the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montréal in Canada, the Tunisian team initially competed but then joined a boycott by all but two African nations. The boycott was called due to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) allowing the New Zealand team to participate despite the recent tour of South Africa by the country's rugby union team. Sporting contact with South Africans was banned by the IOC as a consequence of the system of apartheid operated in the country.

Athletes from Cameroon, Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia competed during the first three days of the Games, from 18 to 20 July, before withdrawing from the Olympics, joining a total of 33 countries mainly from Africa in the boycott.

New Zealand at the 1976 Summer Olympics
New Zealand competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The New Zealand Olympic Committee was represented by 80 athletes, 71 men and 9 women, and 29 officials. The flag bearer at the opening ceremony was wrestler David Aspin.

In protest at a tour of South Africa by the All Blacks team early in the year, Congo's official Jean-Claude Ganga led a boycott of 28 African nations as the International Olympic Committee refused to bar the New Zealand team. Some of the nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated however, as the teams only withdrew after the first day. From Southern and Central Africa, only Senegal and Ivory Coast took part. Both Iraq and Guyana also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. For the full list of boycotting countries, see 1976 Summer Olympics#Non-participating National Olympic Committees
Bedellia minor
Bedellia minor, the Florida morning-glory leafminer moth, is a moth in the  family Bedelliidae. It is found in Florida in the United States and on Cuba.

The larvae feed on Ipomoea species. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Bedellia
Bedelliidae is a small family of small, narrow-winged moths; most authorities recognize just a single genus, Bedellia, previously included in the family Lyonetiidae. The family is still included in the Lyonetiidae as the subfamily Bedelliinae by some authors.
1966–67 Northern Rugby Football League season
The 1966–67 Northern Rugby Football League season was the 72nd season of rugby league football in Britain. After Leeds had ended the regular season as league leaders, Wakefield Trinity won their first Championship when they beat St. Helens 21-9 in the Final replay, after a 7-7 draw. The Challenge Cup-winners were Featherstone Rovers who beat Barrow 17-12 in the Wembley final.

Featherstone Rovers
Featherstone Rovers is a professional rugby league club in Featherstone, West Yorkshire, England. The club last competed in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league, but were not granted RFL membership for the 2026 season due to the club's financial difficulties.

Featherstone Rovers won the League Championship once and Challenge Cup three times.

The club played home games at Post Office Road. Their local rivals were Castleford and Wakefield Trinity, and in the Championship, Halifax. The club's traditional home colours were white with blue hoops.
Bláskógabyggð
Bláskógabyggð (pronunciationⓘ [ˈplauːˌskouː(ɣ)aˌpɪɣθ]) is a municipality located in Iceland's Southern Region. Its major settlements are Laugarás [ˈlœyːɣarˌauːs] and Laugarvatn. The municipality was formed in 2002 after the merger of Laugardalshreppur, Biskupstungnahreppur and Þingvallahreppur. Within the area of the municipality lies an enclave of another municipality, Grímsnes- og Grafningshreppur.

Grímsnes- og Grafningshreppur
Grímsnes- og Grafningshreppur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkrimsˌnɛːs ɔːɣ ˈkrapniŋsˌr̥ɛhpʏr̥] ⓘ) is a municipality in the south-western part of Iceland, in the Southern Region. It was formed in 1998 by the merger of Grímsneshreppur and Grafningshreppur. The main settlement is Sólheimar with 80 inhabitants (2006). The settlement Írafoss og Ljósafoss [ˈiːraˌfɔsː ɔːɣ ˈljouːsaˌfɔsː], which still had 15 inhabitants in 1997, has been abandoned since then.
Huntington Desert Garden
The Huntington Desert Garden is part of The Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California. The Desert Garden is one of the world's largest and oldest collections of cacti, succulents and other desert plants, collected from throughout the world. It contains plants from extreme environments, many of which were acquired by Henry E. Huntington and William Hertrich (the garden's first curator) in trips taken to several countries in North, Central and South America.

Fouquieria
Fouquieria is a genus of 11 species of desert flowering plants, the sole genus in the family Fouquieriaceae. The genus is native to North America and includes the ocotillo (F. splendens) and the Boojum tree or cirio (F. columnaris). They have semi succulent stems with thinner spikes projecting from them, with leaves on the bases of the spikes. They are unrelated to cacti and do not look much like them; their stems are proportionately thinner than cactus stems and their leaves are larger.
HMS Spitfire (1782)
HMS Spitfire was a Tisiphone-class fireship of the Royal Navy. She served during the years of peace following the end of the American War of Independence, and by the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars, had been reclassified as a 14-gun sloop-of-war. Spitfire went on to serve under a number of notable commanders during a successful career that saw her capture a considerable number of French privateers and small naval vessels. She spent most of her career in Home waters, though during the later part of her life she sailed further afield, to the British stations in North America and West Africa. She survived the Napoleonic Wars and was eventually sold in 1825 after a period spent laid up.

Aber Wrac'h
Aber Wrac'h is a small village and port located on the river which shares its name in the commune of Landéda in the department of Finistère in France, located in Brittany.

The source of the Wrac'h river is in Trémaouézan. It travels through Ploudaniel, Le Folgoët, Lannilis and Plouguerneau and enters the ocean in the estuary between the Sainte Marguerite peninsula and the headland of the Virgin Island.
Invagination
Invagination is the process of a surface folding in on itself to form a cavity, pouch or tube. In developmental biology, invagination of epithelial sheets occurs in many contexts during embryonic development. Invagination is critical for making the primitive gut during gastrulation in many organisms, forming the neural tube in vertebrates, and in the morphogenesis of countless organs and sensory structures. Models of invagination that have been most thoroughly studied include the ventral furrow in Drosophila melanogaster, neural tube formation, and gastrulation in many marine organisms. The cellular mechanisms of invagination vary from one context to another but at their core they involve changing the mechanics of one side of a sheet of cells such that this pressure induces a bend in the tissue.

The term, originally used in embryology, has been adopted in other disciplines as well.

Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (the 28th day after conception).
2016–17 Tennessee Volunteers basketball team
The 2016–17 Tennessee Volunteers basketball team represented the University of Tennessee in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Volunteers were led by second-year head coach Rick Barnes. The team played its home games at Thompson–Boling Arena in Knoxville, Tennessee, as a member of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 16–16, 8–10 in SEC play to finish in a tie for ninth place. They lost in the second round of the SEC tournament to Georgia.

2017 SEC men's basketball tournament
The 2017 Southeastern Conference men's basketball tournament is the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Southeastern Conference held at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee March 8–12, 2017.
Cross-boundary subsidy
Cross-boundary subsidies are caused by organisms or materials that cross or traverse habitat patch boundaries, subsidizing the resident populations. The transferred organisms and materials may provide additional predators, prey, or nutrients to resident species, which can affect community and food web structure. Cross-boundary subsidies of materials and organisms occur in landscapes composed of different habitat patch types, and so depend on characteristics of those patches and on the boundaries in between them. Human alteration of the landscape, primarily through fragmentation, has the potential to alter important cross-boundary subsidies to increasingly isolated habitat patches. Understanding how processes that occur outside of habitat patches can affect populations within them may be important to habitat management.

Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.
John Ben Shepperd
John Ben Shepperd (October 19, 1915 – March 8, 1990) was an American lawyer, businessman, and politician who served as the secretary of state (1950–1952) and attorney general (1953–1957) for the U.S. state of Texas.

Texas Attorney General
The Texas attorney general is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of Texas. The current officeholder, Republican Ken Paxton, has served in the position since January 5, 2015. He joined the office on September 18, 2023 and his current term ends on January 1, 2027.
Gummadi Anuradha
Gummadi Anuradha is Telangana's first PG Law College Principal at Osmania University from the state of Telangana, India. Anuradha's father is politician Gummadi Narsaiah.

Anuradha contested the 2023 Legislative Assembly elections as an independent candidate from the ST-reserved Yellandu Assembly constituency and was defeated by Koram Kanakaiah.

Koram Kanakaiah
Koram Kanakaiah (11 March 1962) is a politician from Telangana. He served as an MLA from the Yellandu Assembly Constituency in the 2014 State Assembly Elections for the Indian National Congress. He is a two time MLA.