hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS S-48
USS S-48 (SS-159) was the first submarine in the fourth group of S-class submarines of the United States Navy.

S-48 was one of only five submarines—along with USS S-14 (SS-119), USS S-15 (SS-120), USS S-16 (SS-121). and USS S-17 (SS-122)—built by the Lake Torpedo Boat Company to see service in World War II. She was the second-to-last of them to be decommissioned.

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
The Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNS), often called the Portsmouth Navy Yard, is a United States Navy shipyard on Seavey's Island in Kittery, Maine, bordering Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The naval yard lies along the southern boundary of Maine on the Piscataqua River.

Founded on June 12, 1800, PNS is the U.S. Navy's oldest continuously operating shipyard. Today, most of its work concerns the overhaul, repair, and modernization of submarines.

As of November 2021, the shipyard employed more than 6,500 federal employees. Some of the work is performed by private corporations: Delphinius Engineering of Eddystone, Pennsylvania; Oceaneering International of Chesapeake, Virginia; Orbis Sibro of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina; and Q.E.D. Systems Inc. of Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Brivanib alaninate
Brivanib alaninate (INN/USAN) also known as BMS-582664 is an investigational, anti-tumorigenic drug for oral administration. The drug is being developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC (also called malignant hepatoma), the most common type of liver cancer. Brivanib is no longer in active development.

Brivanib alaninate is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (as is sorafenib).

Brivanib alaninate also inhibits VEGFR and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR), which is known to play a major role in the etiopathogenesis of HCC. To date, brivanib alaninate has been investigated in 29 studies, including more than 4,000 patients around the world.

Sorafenib
Sorafenib, sold under the brand name Nexavar, is a kinase inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of primary kidney cancer (advanced renal cell carcinoma), advanced primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), FLT3-ITD positive AML and radioactive iodine resistant advanced thyroid carcinoma.
2000 Silverstone 500 USA Challenge
The 2000 Silverstone 500 USA Challenge was the third round of the 2000 American Le Mans Series season.  It took place at Silverstone Circuit, United Kingdom, on 13 May 2000.

This event was the first American Le Mans Series race held outside of North America.  It served as a precursor to the creation of the European Le Mans Series by gauging the willingness of European teams from the FIA Sportscar Championship and FIA GT Championship to participate in a series identical to the American Le Mans Series.  This event also shared the weekend at Silverstone with an FIA GT round, with some GT teams running both events.

2000 American Le Mans Series
The 2000 American Le Mans Series was the second running of the IMSA American Le Mans Series, and overall the 30th season of an IMSA GT Championship, dating back to the 1971 edition.  It was a series for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Grand Touring (GT) race cars divided into 3 classes: LMP, GTS, and GT.  It began March 18, 2000 and ended December 31, 2000 after 12 races.

This season was the first time that the ALMS held races outside of North America, with two events held in Europe and one in Australia.  These events helped with the creation of the 2001 European Le Mans Series season, although it was short-lived.  An Asian Le Mans Series was also discussed but not developed.

The LMP class champion was Allan McNish, the GTS champion was Olivier Beretta and the GT champion was Dirk Müller. Audi won the Manufacturers championship.
Aeronautical Development Establishment (football club)
Aeronautical Development Establishment, often abbreviated as ADE, was an Indian professional football club based in Bangalore, Karnataka, that last competed in the Bangalore Super Division, a fifth tier league in the Indian football league system. It was sponsored by the Aeronautical Development Establishment.

2013–14 BDFA Super Division
The 2013–14 BDFA Super Division was the eleventh season of the BDFA Super Division which is the third tier of the Indian football system and the top tier of the Karnataka football system. ADE won the title by managing a draw against CIL on 9 June 2014. Jawahar Union were relegated to Bangalore A Division for 2014–15 season.
Coherent topology
In topology, a coherent topology is a topology that is uniquely determined by a family of subspaces. Loosely speaking, a topological space is coherent with a family of subspaces if it is a topological union of those subspaces. It is also sometimes called the weak topology generated by the family of subspaces, a notion that is quite different from the notion of a weak topology generated by a set of maps.

Weak topology
In mathematics, weak topology is an alternative term for certain initial topologies, often on topological vector spaces or spaces of linear operators, for instance on a Hilbert space. The term is most commonly used for the initial topology of a topological vector space (such as a normed vector space) with respect to its continuous dual. The remainder of this article will deal with this case, which is one of the concepts of functional analysis.

One may call subsets of a topological vector space weakly closed (respectively, weakly compact, etc.) if they are closed (respectively, compact, etc.) with respect to the weak topology. Likewise, functions are sometimes called weakly continuous (respectively, weakly differentiable, weakly analytic, etc.) if they are continuous (respectively, differentiable, analytic, etc.) with respect to the weak topology.
Ski mountaineering at the 2026 Winter Olympics
Ski mountaineering at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held at the Stelvio Ski Centre in Bormio, Italy. It was the first appearance of the sport at the Olympics. The events took place on 19 February (sprint) and 21 February 2026 (team relay). A total of three ski mountaineering events were held.

Stelvio (ski course)
Stelvio is a World Cup downhill piste in northern Italy was built and opened in 1985. It is located on Vallecetta mountain in Bormio and debuted at the World Championships in 1985.

Stelvio is widely considered one of the, if not the, most difficult and technical downhill courses in the world, with an average incline of 30.9%, steeper than Streif at Kitzbühel. It hosted two World Championships (1985, 2005), and three World Cup finals (1995, 2000, 2008).

This course is currently hosting all five men's alpine ski events (both speed, technical and team combined) at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan–Cortina d'Ampezzo.

Course named after Stelvio Pass, was designed by late Italian architect from Bormio, Oreste Peccedi.

Dominik Paris has seven World Cup downhill wins, a record for a single discipline on one course.
Inachus
In Greek mythology, Inachus, Inachos or Inakhos (Ancient Greek: Ἴναχος) was the first king of Argos. He was one of the three thousand sons of Oceanus and Tethys. The Inachus River, a river in eastern Peloponnese, is named after him.

Argolis
Argolis or Argolida (Greek: Αργολίδα Argolída [arɣoˈliða]; Ἀργολίς Argolís [arɡolís] in ancient Greek and Katharevousa) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Peloponnese, situated in the eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula and part of the tripoint area of Argolis, Arcadia and Corinthia.  Much of the territory of this region is situated in the Argolid Peninsula.
1949 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1949 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix was the fourth round of the 1949 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps.

British rider Bill Doran won the 500cc race riding his AJS from Arciso Artesiani and Enrico Lorenzetti.

By winning their second race of the 600 cc Sidecar of the season British Norton rider Eric Oliver and his swinger Denis Jenkinson wrapped up the first Sidecar championship before the third and final round to be held at the Nations Grand Prix. In the same race, Belgian sidecar rider Edouard Bruylant and his British passenger known as "Hurst" were killed.

1949 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1949 Nations Grand Prix was the fifth round of the 1949 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza.

Italian rider Nello Pagani won the 500 cc race riding a Gilera from Arciso Artesiani and Bill Doran.

Despite Dario Ambrosini winning the 250 cc race, a fourth-place finish for Italian Moto Guzzi rider Bruno Ruffo was enough for him to win the 250 cc championship, the only championship in the first season with results close enough to be still in doubt at the final race.
Weldon, California
Weldon is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California, United States.  It sits at the southeast tip of Lake Isabella.  Weldon is located 9 miles (14 km) east-southeast of Wofford Heights, at an elevation of 2,654 feet (809 m). The population was 2,303 at the 2020 census, down from 2,642 at the 2010 census.

Lake Isabella
Lake Isabella also called Isabella Lake, is a reservoir in Kern County, California, United States created by the earthen Isabella Dam. At 11,000 acres (4,500 ha), it is one of the larger reservoirs in California. Lake Isabella is located about 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Bakersfield, and is the main water supply for that city. It was formed in 1953 when the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dammed the Kern River at the junction of its two forks. The area is in the southern end of the Sierra Nevada range and the lake itself is located in low mountains at an elevation of approximately 2,500 ft (760 m) where summer temperatures reach over 100 °F (38 °C) but low enough to avoid winter snows on the surrounding ridges. The former towns of Isabella and Kernville were flooded when the reservoir was created.
Wabash and Erie Canal
The Wabash and Erie Canal was a shipping canal that linked the Great Lakes to the Ohio River via an artificial waterway. The canal provided traders with access from the Great Lakes all the way to the Gulf of Mexico. Over 460 miles long, it was the longest canal ever built in North America.

The canal known as the Wabash & Erie in the 1850s and thereafter, was actually a combination of four canals: the Miami and Erie Canal from the Maumee River near Toledo, Ohio, to Junction, Ohio, the original Wabash and Erie Canal from Junction to Terre Haute, Indiana, the Cross Cut Canal from Terre Haute, Indiana, to Worthington, Indiana (Point Commerce), and the Central Canal from Worthington to Evansville, Indiana.

U.S. Route 24
U.S. Route 24 or U.S. Highway 24 (US 24) is one of the original United States Numbered Highways of 1926 which runs east and west for most of its routing. It originally ran from Pontiac, Michigan, in the east to Kansas City, Missouri, in the west. Today, the highway's eastern terminus is in Independence Township, Michigan, at an intersection with Interstate 75 (I-75), and its western terminus is near Minturn, Colorado, at an intersection with I-70. The highway transitions from north–south to east–west signage at the Ohio–Michigan state line.
Clayton Oscar Person
Clayton Oscar Person, CM FRSC (May 16, 1922 – September 1, 1990) was recognized internationally as an authority on the genetics of host-parasite relations. He was born and raised in Aylesbury, Saskatchewan, Canada and died in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. His writings have made a major contribution to the development of a rigorous theoretical basis for our understanding of how the genetic structure of parasitic populations interacts with that of their host populations. This was known as the gene-for-gene relationship. His theoretical methods have been applied widely in the practical management of parasitic diseases in agriculture and forestry.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Hour Glass (band)
Hour Glass was an American soul band based in Los Angeles, California in 1967 and 1968. Among their members were two future members of the Allman Brothers Band (Duane Allman and his brother Gregg) and three future studio musicians at the FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama (Pete Carr, Johnny Sandlin and Paul Hornsby).

Liberty Records
Liberty Records was a record label founded in the United States by chairman Simon Waronker in 1955 with Alvin Bennett as president and Theodore Keep as chief engineer. It was reactivated in 2001 in the United Kingdom and had two previous revivals.
Picross 3D: Round 2
Picross 3D: Round 2 known in Japan as Rittai Picross 2 (立体ピクロス2, Rittai Pikurosu 2; lit. "Solid Geometry Picross 2") is a Japanese puzzle video game developed by HAL Laboratory for the Nintendo 3DS. It is the sequel to the 2009 Nintendo DS game, Picross 3D. The game was released in Japan on October 1, 2015, in North America on September 1, 2016, in Europe on December 2, 2016, and in Australia on December 3, 2016. In North America, it was only released as a digital download on the Nintendo eShop.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Vítězslav Jaroš
Vítězslav Jaroš (born 23 July 2001) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Eredivisie club Ajax, on loan from Premier League club Liverpool, and the Czech Republic national team.

2023–24 Austrian Cup
The 2023–24 Austrian Cup was the 93rd edition of the national cup in Austrian football. The winners qualified for the 2024–25 Europa League play-off round. Sturm Graz were the defending champions, having defeated Rapid Wien in the 2023 final. Match times up to 29 October 2023 and from 31 March 2024 are CEST (UTC+2). Times on interim ("winter") days are CET (UTC+1).

Sturm Graz retained the cup on 1 May 2024, defeating Rapid Wien 2–1 in the final (a repeat of the previous season's final). Since they qualified based on league position, the Europa League spot from the Cup was passed to the third-placed team of the 2023–24 Austrian Football Bundesliga.
Jonathan Pearce (cricketer)
Jonathan Peter Pearce (born 18 April 1957) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Pearce was born at Newcastle upon Tyne in April 1957. He was educated at Ampleforth College, before going up to St Benet's Hall, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he played first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1978 and 1979, making seven appearances and gaining a blue. Playing as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler, he took 11 wickets at an average of 45.27, with best figures of 4 for 94.

After graduating from Oxford Pearce became a solicitor in corporate law, specialising in mergers, acquisitions and corporate finance. He sits on the governing council at Benenden School and was treasurer of the Free Foresters Cricket Club from 2010 to 2022. Pearce is married with two sons.

Ampleforth College
Ampleforth College is a co-educational fee-charging private boarding school. It opened in 1803 as a boys' school. It is near the village of Ampleforth, North Yorkshire, England, on the grounds of Benedictine monastery Ampleforth Abbey. The school is in a valley with sports pitches, wooded areas, and lakes. The school has the oldest purpose-built school theatre in the United Kingdom, a dedicated student pub, and its own infirmary. It has received national attention for significant safeguarding failures.

St Laurence Educational Trust and the Ampleforth Abbey Trust are responsible for running Ampleforth College. Boarding fees were £46,740 for the school year 2024/2025.
Salvatierra (comarca)
Salvatierra is a subcomarca of Guijuelo in the province of Salamanca, Castile and León, Spain.  It contains eight municipalities:

Aldeavieja de Tormes

Berrocal

Fuenterroble

Guijuelo

Montejo

Pedrosillo de los Aires

Pizarral

Salvatierra de Tormes

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
USCGC Chautauqua
USCG Chautauqua (WHEC-41) was an Owasco-class high endurance cutter which served with the US Coast Guard from 1945 to 1973. Originally intended for World War II service, she was commissioned only days before the end of hostilities and consequently never saw combat.

Chautauqua was built by Western Pipe & Steel at the company's San Pedro shipyard. Named after Chautauqua Lake, New York she was commissioned as a patrol gunboat with ID number WPG-41 on 4 August 1945, just days before the end of World War II. In the postwar period, her ID was changed to WHEC-41 (HEC for "High Endurance Cutter" - the "W" signifies a Coast Guard vessel).

Owasco-class cutter
The Owasco-class cutter was a 255-foot (78 m) cutter class operated by the United States Coast Guard. A total of thirteen cutters in the class were built, all named after lakes. Eleven were constructed by the Western Pipe & Steel Company at San Pedro, California, while the remaining two—Mendota and Pontchartrain—were constructed by the Coast Guard Yard at Curtis Bay, Maryland. Initially heavily armed for World War II service and designated patrol gunboats (WPG) under the United States Navy designation system, the vessels were stripped of much of their armament shortly after the war, and in 1965 were redesignated high endurance cutters (WHEC) after the Coast Guard adopted its own designation system.
Madhukar Pai
Madhukar Pai (also known as Madhu Pai) is a Canadian medical doctor, academic, advocate, writer, and university professor. He is the Associate Director of the McGill International Tuberculosis Centre.  Pai's work focuses on global health, specifically advocacy for better treatment for tuberculosis with a focus on South Africa and India. Pai is the inaugural Chair of the Department of Global and Public Health in the School of Population and Global Health and holds a Canada Research Chair in Epidemiology and Global Health at McGill University. He is recognised globally, and is a key leader in the  decolonising global health movement - recognised for his advocacy on making global health more diverse, inclusive, and equitable.

The Lancet
The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal, founded in England in 1823. It is one of the world's highest-impact academic journals and also one of the oldest medical journals still in publication.

The journal publishes original research articles, review articles (divided into seminars and reviews), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. The Lancet has been owned by Elsevier since 1991, and its editor-in-chief since 1995 has been Richard Horton. The journal has editorial offices in London, New York City, and Beijing.
2016 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
The 2016 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup was the 25th edition of the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup. It was held in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia from 6–16 April 2016.

Australia won the title for the ninth time after defeating India 4–0 in final.

Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is an annual invitational international men's field hockey tournament held in Malaysia. It began in 1983 as a biennial contest. The tournament became an annual event from 1998, following its growth and popularity. The tournament is named after the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (king) of Malaysia, Sultan Azlan Shah, a supporter of field hockey.

Since 2007 the tournament has been held at the Azlan Shah Stadium in Ipoh, Perak. Kuala Lumpur and Penang have also hosted the tournament.

Australia have won the tournament a record 10 times, followed by India and Pakistan winning five and three times, respectively.
Mohini Hameed
Mohini Hameed (Urdu: موہنی حمید; 1922 - 16 May 2009, Seattle, Washington) better known as Apa Shamim or Shamim Apa, was first Pakistani radio broadcaster, anchor and actress. On 14 August 1947, when Pakistan gained independence, Mohini became the first woman broadcaster of Pakistan.  In May 2009 when she died, Lahore studio of Radio Pakistan was renamed ‘Mohini Hameed Studio’. She was the mother of journalist Kanwal Naseer.

Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Urdu: تمغۂِ امتیاز, lit. 'Medal of Excellence'), also spelled as Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, is a state-bestowed honour of Pakistan. It is given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While it is a civilian/military award, it can be bestowed upon officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces and worn on their uniform. It can also be awarded to foreign citizens who have performed great service to Pakistan.
Thrombomodulin
Thrombomodulin (TM), CD141 or BDCA-3 is an integral membrane protein expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and serves as a cofactor for thrombin. It reduces blood coagulation by converting thrombin to an anticoagulant enzyme from a procoagulant enzyme. Thrombomodulin is also expressed on human mesothelial cell, monocyte and a dendritic cell subset.

Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. In terms of physiology, CD molecules can act in numerous ways, often acting as receptors or ligands important to the cell. A signal cascade is usually initiated, altering the behavior of the cell (see cell signaling). Some CD proteins do not play a role in cell signaling, but have other functions, such as cell adhesion. CD for humans is numbered up to 371 (as of 21 April 2016).
Ometepe
Ometepe is an island formed by two volcanoes rising out of Lake Nicaragua, located in the Rivas Department of the Republic of Nicaragua. Its name derives from the Nawat words ome (two) and tepetl (mountain), meaning "two mountains". It is the largest island in Lake Nicaragua.

The two volcanoes (Concepción and Maderas) are joined by a low isthmus to form one island. Ometepe has an area of 276 square kilometres (107 sq mi). It is 31 kilometres (19 mi) long and 5 to 10 kilometres (3.1 to 6.2 mi) wide. The island has an economy based on livestock, agriculture, and tourism. Plantains are the major crop.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.