hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Temuco
Temuco (Spanish pronunciation: [teˈmuko]) is a city and commune, capital of the Cautín Province and of the Araucanía Region in southern Chile. The city is located 670 kilometres (416 miles) south of Santiago. The city grew out from a fort of the same name established in 1881 during Chile's invasion of Araucanía. Temuco lies in the middle of the historic Araucanía, a traditional land of the indigenous Mapuche.

Temuco's central place in Araucanía with easy access to the Andean valleys, lakes and coastal areas makes it a hub for tourism, agricultural, livestock and forestry operations as well as a communication and trade centre for the numerous small towns of Araucanía. Temuco has recently been regarded as a university city as it houses two large universities: University of the Frontier and Temuco Catholic University. Nobel laureates Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda both lived in Temuco for some time.

National Statistics Institute (Chile)
The National Statistics Institute of Chile (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Chile, INE) is a state-run organization of the Government of Chile, created in the second half of the 19th century and tasked with performing a general census of population and housing, then collecting, producing and publishing official demographic statistics of people in Chile, in addition to other specific tasks entrusted to it by law.
Clifford Offer
Christianity portal

Clifford Jocelyn Offer (born 10 August 1943) is a British Anglican priest who was Archdeacon of Norwich from 1994 to 2008.

Offer was educated at The King's School, Canterbury, Exeter University and Westcott House, Cambridge. After a curacy at St Peter and St Paul, Bromley he was Team Vicar for  Southampton City Centre from 1974 to 1983; He was Team Rector of Hitchin from 1983 to 1994.

Archdeacon of Norwich
The Archdeacon of Norwich is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England Diocese of Norwich, who exercises supervision of clergy and responsibility for church buildings within the geographical area of her or his archdeaconry.
Lauro Ortega Martínez
Lauro Ortega Martínez (June 8, 1910 – July 22, 1999) was a Mexican politician and veterinarian.

Ortega  served as the national president of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), Mexico's longtime ruling party, during the 1960s.

In the 1979 mid-term election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the fourth district of Morelos. He then served as the Governor of Morelos from 1982 to 1988, succeeding Armando León Bejarano.

Ortega Martínez died from a heart attack on July 22, 1999, aged 89.

President of the Institutional Revolutionary Party
The president of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), formally referred to as the President of the National Executive Committee of the Institutional Revolutionary Party, holds the highest leadership position within the party. The current president is Alejandro Moreno Cárdenas, who assumed office on 11 August 2024, having previously served as president from 2019 until July 2024.

The PRI was founded in 1929 by former President Plutarco Elías Calles under the name National Revolutionary Party (PNR). It was later renamed the Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM) in 1938 before adopting its current name in 1946. Throughout its history, the PRI has had 57 presidents.
Manhasset Secondary School
Manhasset Secondary School, also referred to as Manhasset Junior/Senior High School or simply Manhasset High School, is a six-year comprehensive public middle and high school in Manhasset, New York, on the North Shore of Long Island. The 7–12 school is the only secondary school in the Manhasset Union Free School District.

As for the 2024-25 school year, the school had a total enrollment of 1,579 students, with 136.6 classroom teachers on FTE basis) for a student-teacher ratio of 11.55:1. 114 students (7.6%) were eligible for free lunch while 9 (0.6%) were eligible for reduced-price lunch.

Manhasset, New York
Manhasset is an affluent hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered the anchor community of the Greater Manhasset area, and is partially located on the southwestern part of the Cow Neck Peninsula. The population was 8,176 at the time of the 2020 census.

As with other unincorporated communities in New York, the CDP's local affairs are administered by the town in which it is located, the Town of North Hempstead.

Additionally, the hamlet serves as the town seat of North Hempstead, and North Hempstead Town Hall – the town's governmental headquarters – is located within Manhasset's downtown, along Plandome Road.
Jacques Lisfranc de Saint Martin
Jacques Lisfranc de Saint Martin (12 April 1787 in Saint-Paul-en-Jarez – 13 May 1847) was a pioneering French surgeon and gynecologist. He pioneered a number of operations including removal of the rectum, lithotomy in women, and amputation of the cervix uteri.

He studied medicine in Lyon and Paris, where he worked as an assistant to Guillaume Dupuytren. In 1826 he became director of his own department at the Hôpital de la Pitié, from where he gave classes in clinical medicine. The Lisfranc joint and the Lisfranc fracture are named after him.

Jacques Lisfranc is buried in the Cimetière du Montparnasse in Paris.

Guillaume Dupuytren
Guillaume Dupuytren, Baron Dupuytren (UK: /ˌdjuːpwiːˈtræ̃, djuːˈpwiːtrɛn/, US: /dəpwiːˈtræ̃, dəˈpwiːtrən/, French: [ɡijom dypɥitʁɛ̃]; 5 October 1777 – 8 February 1835) was a French anatomist and military surgeon. Although he gained much esteem for treating Napoleon Bonaparte's hemorrhoids he is best known today for his description of Dupuytren's contracture, which is named after him and on which he first operated in 1831 and published in The Lancet in 1834.
Jamaica Avenue
Jamaica Avenue is a major avenue in the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, New York, in the United States. Jamaica Avenue's western end is at Fulton Street and Broadway, as a continuation of East New York Avenue, in Brooklyn's East New York neighborhood. Physically, East New York Avenue connects westbound to New York Avenue, where East New York Avenue changes names another time to Lincoln Road; Lincoln Road continues to Ocean Avenue in the west, where it ends. Its eastern end is at the city line in Bellerose, Queens, where it merges into NY 25 (Jericho Turnpike) to serve the rest of Long Island.

Hillside Avenue buses
The Q1, Q36, Q43 and Q82 bus routes constitute a public transit line in Queens, New York City. The routes run primarily along Hillside Avenue from the Jamaica, Queens commercial and transportation hub towards several eastern Queens neighborhoods on the city border with Nassau County. Originally operated by the North Shore Bus Company until 1947, all four routes are now operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit brand.
1938 California gubernatorial election
The 1938 California gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1938. Culbert L. Olson defeated incumbent governor Frank F. Merriam to become the first Democrat elected Governor of California since James Budd in 1894. Merriam had angered the left and the right throughout his tenure as governor, leading a significant swing in favor of the Democratic party.

Olson was the first Democrat since George Stoneman in 1882 to receive an absolute majority of the vote. For the first time since 1882, Alameda County, Los Angeles County, and Ventura County were carried by a Democrat and San Diego County backed a Democrat for governor for the first time since 1879. California would not elect a Democrat as governor again until 1958. This was the last time until Gray Davis in 1998 that a Democrat who was not a member of the Brown family won the governorship.

1958 California gubernatorial election
The 1958 California gubernatorial election was held on Tuesday November 4. Incumbent governor Goodwin Knight initially ran for re-election to a third term, but eventually withdrew and ran for election to the Senate. Incumbent senator William Knowland switched places with Knight to run for governor, but was defeated in a landslide by Democratic Attorney General Pat Brown, who won the first of his two terms as governor of California.

Knowland's decision to run for governor came in spite of strong opposition from Knight, who had wanted to run for re-election rather than for the Senate. Knowland's use of heavy-handed tactics to force Knight from the race, along with labor mobilization against Proposition 18, was a major factor in the Democratic landslide in California in 1958.
Sheila Pepe
Sheila Pepe (born Morristown, New Jersey, 1959) is an artist and educator living and working in Brooklyn, New York. She is a prominent figure as a lesbian cross-disciplinary artist, whose work employs conceptualism, surrealism, and craft to address feminist and class issues. Her most notable work is characterized as site-specific installations of web-like structure crocheted from domestic and industrial material, although she works with sculpture and drawing as well. She has shown in museums and art galleries throughout the United States.

Pepe's installations are made linear elements such as string, rope, shoelaces, and industrial rubber bands. They are the result of a process she has called "improvisational crochet."

As a lesbian feminist (and one-time lesbian separatist in the 1980s), Pepe emphasizes that her work is influenced by the work of women before her. She cites Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party and Eva Hesse's Hang Up as formative influences on her practice.

Crochet
Crochet (English:  /kroʊˈʃeɪ/; French: [kʁɔʃɛ]) is a process of creating textiles by using a crochet hook to interlock loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials. The name is derived from the French term crochet, which means 'hook'. Hooks can be made from different materials (aluminum, steel, metal, wood, bamboo, bone, etc.), sizes, and types (in-line, tapered, ergonomic, etc.). The key difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before the next one, while knitting keeps many stitches open at a time. Some variant forms of crochet however, such as Tunisian crochet and Broomstick lace, do keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.
Center, Indiana
Center (originally called Tampico) is an unincorporated community in Taylor Township, Howard County, Indiana, United States.  Center is a suburb of Kokomo and is a part of the Kokomo, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Kokomo metropolitan area, Indiana
The Kokomo Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Howard County in Indiana. Howard County had a population estimate of 83,831 in 2023. Kokomo is also the principal city of the area known as North Central Indiana, the area around Kokomo with economic ties.  The six county area including Cass, Clinton, Fulton, Howard, Miami, and Tipton counties had population of 228,331 people in 2010.
Network Ten Pty Limited
Network Ten Pty Ltd, trading as Paramount Australia & New Zealand, is a major media company in Australia. Headquartered in Sydney, its major asset is Network 10, a free-to-air television network. Formerly a public company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, since December 2019, it has been a subsidiary of Paramount Networks UK & Australia.

Paramount Networks UK & Australia
Paramount Networks UK & Australia, formerly ViacomCBS Networks UK & Australia, is a division of Paramount Skydance Corporation launched on 14 January 2020. It is based in London, England, with a local office in Sydney, Australia.
North Star Island
North Star Island is an island at the northern tip of Labrador in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. This island, measuring only 186 meters by 57 meters, is the most northerly island in the province. It lies approximately 1.5 kilometers off the coast of Killiniq Island south of Cape Chidley.

Labrador
Labrador (/ˈlæbrədɔːr/) is a geographic and cultural region within the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.  It is the primarily continental portion of the province and constitutes 71% of the province's area but is home to only 6% of its population. It is separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in the four Atlantic provinces.

Labrador occupies most of the eastern part of the Labrador Peninsula. It is bordered to the west and south by the province of Quebec. Labrador also shares a small land border with the territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island.

The indigenous peoples of Labrador include the Northern Inuit of Nunatsiavut, the Southern-Inuit of NunatuKavut, and the Innu of Nitassinan.
Mitsubishi Aircraft Company
Mitsubishi Aircraft Company (Mitsubishi Kōkūki) was the new name given by the Mitsubishi Company (Mitsubishi Shōkai), in 1928, to its subsidiary, Mitsubishi Internal Combustion (Mitsubishi Nainenki), to reflect its changing role as an aircraft manufacturer catering to the growing demand for military aircraft in Japan.

Mitsubishi Ki-15
The Mitsubishi Ki-15 "Karigane" (雁, Wild goose), Army Type 97 Command Reconnaissance aircraft (九七式司令部偵察機, Kyunana-shiki sireibu teisatsuki) was a Japanese reconnaissance aircraft and a light attack bomber of the Second Sino-Japanese War and Pacific War. It began as a fast civilian mail-plane. It was a single-engine, low-wing, cantilever monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage; it carried a crew of two. It served with both the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy (as the C5M). During World War II it was code-named "Babs" by the Allies.
Naval weaponry of the People's Liberation Army Navy
The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the armed forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLAN force consists of approximately 250,000 men and over a hundred major combat vessels, organized into three fleets: the North Sea Fleet, the East Sea Fleet, and the South Sea Fleet.

Most of the naval weapon systems used by the PLAN were developed prior to 1990. The naval weaponry of the PLAN is based on three tiers: artillery, torpedoes, and missiles, each geared to a specific threat range and type.

Silkworm (missile)
The SY (Chinese: 上游; pinyin: Shàngyóu; lit. 'Upstream'), and HY (Chinese: 海鹰; pinyin: Hǎiyīng; lit. 'Sea Eagle') series were early anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ASCMs deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy through the 1980s. The missiles were used by the PRC and export customers to develop land-attack missiles.

The name Silkworm is popularly used for the entire SY and HY family. As a NATO reporting name, it applies only to the land-based variant of the HY-1.
Arrigo Solmi
Arrigo Solmi (1873–1944) was an Italian legal scholar. He served as the minister of grace and justice between 1934 and 1939 in the cabinet of Benito Mussolini. He was among the pioneers in the establishment of international relations as an academic subject in Italy.

Mussolini government
The Mussolini government was the longest-lasting government in the history of Italy. The Cabinet administered the country from 31 October 1922 to 25 July 1943, for a total of 7,572 days, or 20 years, 8 months and 25 days.

On taking office, the government was composed by members from National Fascist Party, Italian People's Party, Social Democracy, Italian Liberal Party, Italian Nationalist Association and other independent politicians. However, since 1 July 1924, all other parties were purged and the government was composed exclusively of Fascists, except for a few military officers.

The government fell following the approval of the Grandi motion by the Grand Council of Fascism on 25 July 1943.
Alcatraz Island in popular culture
Alcatraz Island has appeared many times in popular culture. Its appeal in film derives from its picturesque setting, natural beauty, isolation, and its history as a U.S. penitentiary (now a museum) – from which, officially, no prisoner ever successfully escaped.

United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance
Force Reconnaissance (FORECON) are United States Marine Corps reconnaissance units that provide deep ground and amphibious reconnaissance, surveillance, and limited-scale raids. They primarily support the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) and other Marine Air-Ground Task Forces (MAGTF). Although FORECON companies are conventional forces they share many of the same tactics, techniques, procedures and equipment of special operations forces.  Though commonly misunderstood to refer to reconnaissance-in-force, the name "Force Recon" actually refers to the unit's relationship with the Marine Expeditionary Force or Marine Air-Ground Task Force.  Since the mid-1980s, a force recon detachment has formed part of a specialized sub-unit of Marine Expeditionary Units known as the Maritime Special Purpose Force (MSPF) or Maritime Raid Force (MRF).
Amorphous carbon
Amorphous carbon is free, reactive carbon that has no crystalline structure. Amorphous carbon materials may be stabilized by terminating dangling-π bonds with hydrogen. As with other amorphous solids, some short-range order can be observed. Amorphous carbon is often abbreviated to aC for general amorphous carbon, aC:H or HAC for hydrogenated amorphous carbon, or to ta-C for tetrahedral amorphous carbon (also called diamond-like carbon).

Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid (or non-crystalline solid) is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is a characteristic of a crystal. The terms "glass" and "glassy solid" are sometimes used synonymously with amorphous solid; however, these terms refer specifically to amorphous materials that undergo a glass transition. Examples of amorphous solids include glasses, metallic glasses, and certain types of plastics and polymers.
Underpotential deposition
Underpotential deposition (UPD), in electrochemistry, is a phenomenon of electrodeposition of a species (typically reduction of a metal cation to a solid metal) at a potential less negative than the equilibrium (Nernst) potential for the reduction of this metal. The equilibrium potential for the reduction of a metal in this context is the potential at which it will deposit onto itself. Underpotential deposition can then be understood to be when a metal can deposit onto another material more easily than it can deposit onto itself.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
2008 Patriot League baseball tournament
The 2008 Patriot League baseball tournament was held on consecutive weekends with the semifinals held May 10–11 and the finals May 16–17, 2008 to determine the champion of the Patriot League for baseball for the 2008 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The event matched the top four finishers of the six team league in a double-elimination tournament.  Fourth seeded Bucknell won their fourth championship and claimed the Patriot's automatic bid to the 2008 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  Jason Buursma of Bucknell was named Tournament Most Valuable Player.

Patriot League baseball tournament
The Patriot League baseball tournament is the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Patriot League.  The top four finishers in the regular season of the conference's six teams advance to the best of three championship series, with each series hosted by the higher seeded team.  The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth to the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship.
Oecomys sydandersoni
Oecomys sydandersoni is an arboreal species of rodent in the genus Oecomys. It lives in forest patches in a small area in eastern Bolivia. It is a medium-sized species, weighing about 45 g (1.6 oz), with mostly grayish and brownish fur and short and broad hindfeet with well-developed pads.

First collected in 1964, it was formally described in 2009. The species may be most closely related to O. concolor and O. mamorae, which are distributed further north and south in South America. Among other characters, the three share a particular arrangement of the arteries of the head. Virtually nothing is known of its biology.

Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.
Ireland on Sunday
Ireland on Sunday was a national Sunday newspaper published in Ireland from September 1997 until September 2006, when it was renamed the Irish Mail on Sunday. The newspaper was founded in 1996 as a sports-only newspaper called The Title, but was soon expanded into a general broadsheet Sunday newspaper with its founder, former County Meath Gaelic football player Liam Hayes, carrying on as editor. The paper was considered a 'middle-market' publication.

The Mail on Sunday
The Mail on Sunday is a British conservative newspaper, published in a tabloid format. Founded in 1982 by Lord Rothermere, it is the biggest-selling Sunday newspaper in the UK.  Its sister paper, the Daily Mail, was first published in 1896.

In July 2011, following the closure of the News of the World, The Mail on Sunday sold 2.5 million copies a week—making it Britain's biggest-selling Sunday newspaper—but by September that had fallen back to just under 2 million. Like the Daily Mail, it is owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT), but the editorial staffs of the two papers are entirely separate. It had an average weekly circulation of 1,284,121 in December 2016; this had fallen to 673,525 by December 2022. In April 2020, the Society of Editors announced that the Mail on Sunday was the winner of the Sunday Newspaper of the Year for 2019.
Occupation of the Student Union Building
The occupation of the Student Union Building (Swedish: Kårhusockupationen) was one of the most talked about events in Sweden in 1968. Students at Stockholm University decided to occupy the Stockholm University Student Union's building at Holländargatan in Stockholm on 24–27 May 1968 to send a political message to the government.

The students were inspired by the protests of May 1968 in France but used less violence. This was one of many political protests in 1968.

Borgerliga Studenter – Opposition '68 was created as a reaction against the leftist students. The building itself is today part of the Stockholm School of Economics.

Stockholm University Student Union
The Stockholm University Student Union (SUS) (Swedish: Stockholms Universitets Studentkår) is one of Sweden's largest student organisation, with about 10,000 members as of November 2024. Stockholm University Student Union was founded in 1883.