hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Divorce in the Philippines
Divorce is a contentious issue for the Philippines, which has a predominantly Catholic population even though other nation/states of such characterization already have it. Dissolution of marriage through divorce is not typically legally available to Filipino citizens, and annulment is the usual legal alternative. The Muslim Personal Code, however, allows for divorce for couples who got married through the Islamic rite under specific circumstances. The Philippines is often cited as the "only country in the world" where divorce is illegal, aside from the Vatican City after Malta had divorce legalized in 2011.

Couples may also opt for legal separation, alternatively referred to as "relative divorce", although this process does not dissolve the marriage. Relative divorce is contrasted with "absolute divorce", a setup where previously married individuals are allowed to remarry.

There have been several attempts to legalize absolute divorce in the Philippine Congress.

Civil Code of the Philippines
The Civil Code of the Philippines is the product of the codification of private law in the Philippines. It is the general law that governs family and property relations in the Philippines. It was enacted in 1950, and remains in force to date with some significant amendments.
MtlS RNA
MtlS RNA is a small non-coding RNA found in Vibrio cholerae and related bacteria. MtlS is found in the mannitol operon, which encodes the mannitol-specific phosphotransferase system. The MtlS RNA is expressed when the bacteria are grown on carbon sources other than mannitol. MtlS is responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of the MtlA protein. Overexpression of MtlS represses MtlA synthesis; it is proposed that this repression occurs as MtlS base pairs with the mtlA mRNA and occludes the ribosome binding site, thus inhibiting synthesis of the mannitol-specific phosphotransferase system.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Kevin Foley (South Australian politician)
Kevin Owen Foley  is a former South Australian politician who served as 11th Deputy Premier of South Australia and the Treasurer of South Australia in the Rann government from 2002 to 2011 for the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party. He is the longest-serving deputy premier and the third longest-serving treasurer in South Australian history.

Treasurer of South Australia
The treasurer of South Australia is the Cabinet minister in the Government of South Australia who is responsible for the financial management of that state's budget sector. The Urban Renewal Authority, trading as Renewal SA, lies within the treasurer's portfolio.

The current treasurer is The Hon. Tom Koutsantonis MHA, a member of the South Australian Labor Party.
Clan Inglis
Clan Inglis is a Scottish clan with origins dating back to 1153 during the reign of King David I. As the clan does not currently have a chief recognised by the Court of the Lord Lyon, it is considered an armigerous clan. Throughout history members of the Inglis Clan are known and respected for their military, political and judicial service.

Sir John Inglis, 2nd Baronet
Sir John Inglis, 2nd Baronet (September 1683 – 3 March 1771) was Postmaster General for Scotland, the son and heir of Sir James Inglis, 1st Baronet of Cramond, Edinburghshire by his spouse Anne, daughter of Sir Patrick Houstoun, 1st Baronet of that Ilk. He succeeded his father in 1688.
Paria (beetle)
Paria is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. There are about 40 described species in Paria in North and South America, 19 of which are known north of Mexico. The genus is very similar to Typophorus.

Eumolpinae
The Eumolpinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae. It is one of the largest subfamilies of leaf beetles, including more than 500 genera and 7000 species. They are oval, and convex in form, and measure up to 10 mm in size. Typical coloration for this subfamily of beetles ranges from bright yellow to dark red. Many species are iridescent or brilliantly metallic blue or green in appearance.
Markarian 273
Markarian 273 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 500 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that Markarian 273 is about 130,000 light years across. It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy and a Seyfert galaxy.

Luminous infrared galaxy
Luminous infrared galaxies or LIRGs are galaxies with luminosities above 1011 L☉. They are also referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) through their normal method of detection. LIRGs are more abundant than starburst galaxies, Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable luminosity. Infrared galaxies emit more energy in the infrared than at all other wavelengths combined. A LIRG's luminosity is 100 billion times that of the Sun.

Galaxies with luminosities above 1012 L☉ are known as ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Galaxies exceeding 1013 L☉ are characterised as hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs). Those exceeding 1014 L☉ are extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs). Many of the LIRGs and ULIRGs are showing interactions and disruptions. Many of these types of galaxies spawn about 100 new stars a year as compared to the Milky Way which spawns one a year; this helps create the high level of luminosity.
Wayback Burgers
Wayback Burgers, previously known as Jake's Wayback Burgers, is an American fast casual restaurant chain based in Cheshire, Connecticut. Wayback serves typical hamburger restaurant foods such as hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken sandwiches, milkshakes and salads, and a variety of regional selections. Created in Newark, Delaware, Wayback began expansion in the late 2000s; in 2013, it was announced that the chain was expanding internationally to an additional 28 countries, with locations in the Middle East and North Africa slated to open in early 2014. The second international agreement signed is with Argentina.

As of October 2016, 133 locations were in operation worldwide.

Cheshire, Connecticut
Cheshire (/ˈtʃɛʃər/ CHEH-shurr), is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. At the time of the 2020 census, the population of Cheshire was 28,733. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The center of population of Connecticut is located in Cheshire.
1974 John Player Tournament
The 1974 John Player Tournament was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at Devonshire Park in Eastbourne, United Kingdom. The event was part of the Women's International circuit of the 1974 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 17 June through 22 June 1974. First-seeded Chris Evert won the singles title and earned £1,750 ($4,200) first-prize money.

1974 WTA Tour
The 1974 WTA Tour was composed of the fourth annual Virginia Slims Circuit and Women's International Grand Prix, a tour of tennis tournaments for female tennis players, sponsored by Virginia Slims cigarettes. The WTA signed their first television broadcast contract in 1974, with the broadcasting network CBS with Brent Musburger announcing.
Middlebrow
The term middlebrow describes middlebrow art, which is easily accessible art, usually popular literature, and middlebrow people who use the arts to acquire the social capital of "culture and class" and thus a good reputation. First used in the British satire magazine Punch in 1925, the term middlebrow is the intellectual, intermediary brow between the highbrow and the lowbrow forms of culture; the terms highbrow and lowbrow are borrowed from the pseudoscience of phrenology.

Intellectualism
Intellectualism is the mental perspective that emphasizes the use, development, and exercise of the intellect, and is identified with the life of the mind of the intellectual. In the field of philosophy, the term intellectualism indicates one of two ways of critically thinking about the character of the world: (i) rationalism, which is knowledge derived solely from reason; and (ii) empiricism, which is knowledge derived solely from sense experience. Each intellectual approach attempts to eliminate fallacies that ignore, mistake, or distort evidence about "what ought to be" instead of "what is" the character of the world.
Robert Chauncey Seaver
Robert Chauncey Seaver (1877-1944) was an American amateur tennis player of the early 20th Century.

In 1903 he reached the quarterfinal of the singles event at the U.S. National Championships.

In 1905 he won the singles title at the Massachusetts Championship after a win over H.J. Holt in the final and a default by defending champion Beals Wright in the challenge round. At the Cincinnati Masters, Seaver reached the singles final in 1907 before falling to Robert LeRoy, 8–6, 6–8, 6–2, 6–0. In 1913 he won the singles title at the Great Lakes Championship, defeating T.W. Hendrick in the final. The following year, 1914, he lost his title in the final against Clarence Griffin.

He married Edith S. Willard on February 19, 1912, in Longwood, Massachusetts.

Clarence Griffin
Clarence James "Peck" Griffin (January 19, 1888 – March 28, 1973) was an American tennis player. His best major performance in singles was reaching the semi-finals of the 1916 U.S. National Championships (where he beat Wallace F. Johnson before losing to R. Norris Williams). He also reached the quarter-finals in 1914, 1915, 1917 and 1920.
KRTI
KRTI is a radio station airing a hot adult contemporary format licensed to Grinnell, Iowa, broadcasting on 106.7 MHz FM.  The station serves the areas of Grinnell, Marshalltown, Pella, Newton, Marengo, and Newton, and is owned by Connoisseur Media, through licensee Alpha Media Licensee LLC.

Connoisseur Media
Connoisseur Media LLC is an American media company. It is based in Westport, Connecticut and led by Jeff Warshaw. As of September 2025, Connoisseur operates 207 radio stations and digital assets in 24 states.
Fischer–Spassky (1992 match)
The 1992 Fischer–Spassky match was a chess match between former world chess champions Bobby Fischer and Boris Spassky. It was billed as a World Chess Championship, though it was an unofficial rematch of their 1972 World Championship match. Fischer won 10–5, with 15 draws. Although there was substantial media coverage, and some drama, public interest in this rematch was not nearly as great as with the 1972 World Championship match in Reykjavík, Iceland.

The match was played in late 1992 in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was under UN sports sanctions. Due to the breach of sanctions, the United States issued a warrant for Fischer's arrest, and he never returned to his home country.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Sextuple bond
A sextuple bond is a type of covalent bond involving 12 bonding electrons and in which the bond order is 6. The only known molecules with true sextuple bonds are the diatomic dimolybdenum (Mo2) and ditungsten (W2), which exist in the gaseous phase and have boiling points of 4,639 °C (8,382 °F) and 5,930 °C (10,710 °F) respectively.

Dimerization
In chemistry, dimerization is the process of joining two identical or similar molecular entities by bonds.  The resulting bonds can be either strong or weak. Many symmetrical chemical species are described as dimers, even when the monomer is unknown or highly unstable.

The term homodimer is used when the two subunits are identical (e.g. A–A) and heterodimer when they are not (e.g. A–B). The reverse of dimerization is often called dissociation. When two oppositely-charged ions associate into dimers, they are referred to as Bjerrum pairs, after Danish chemist Niels Bjerrum.
Numaligarh Refinery
The Numaligarh Refinery is a division of Oil India Limited which is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India. It is located at Morangi, Golaghat district, Assam in India. Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) was a division of BPCL. It opened in 1999. The commercial production commenced from 1 October 2000.From 2 December 2025 onwards , NRL is a Navratna PSU.

As of 2014, it had a capacity of 3 million metric tonnes per year. In January 2019, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved plans to increase the refinery's capacity to 9 million metric tonnes per year.

Golaghat district
Golaghat district (Pron:ˌgəʊləˈgɑ:t) is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India.  It attained district status in 1987. The district headquarters are located at Golaghat. The district occupies an area of3,502 km2 (1,352 sq mi) and lies 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level.
Murder of Lana Clarkson
On the morning of February 3, 2003, American actress Lana Clarkson was found dead inside the Pyrenees Castle, the Alhambra, California, mansion of record producer and songwriter Phil Spector. In the early hours of that morning, Clarkson had met Spector while working at the House of Blues in Los Angeles.

Spector was tried for the murder of Clarkson in 2007. On September 26 of that year, a mistrial was declared due to a hung jury, with ten jurors of twelve favoring conviction. He was tried again for second-degree murder beginning on October 20, 2008. On April 13, 2009, the jury found Spector guilty of murdering Clarkson. On May 29, 2009, he was sentenced to 19 years to life in state prison. Spector died in a prison hospital in January 2021.

Alhambra, California
Alhambra (/ælˈhæmbrə/ ⓘ, /ɑːlˈhɑːmbrə/ ⓘ, Spanish pronunciation: [aˈlambɾa] ⓘ; from "Alhambra")  is a city located in the western San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) east from the downtown Los Angeles civic center. It was incorporated on July 11, 1903. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,868. The city's ZIP Codes are 91801 and 91803 (plus 91802 for P.O. boxes).
Riverhead (CDP), New York
Riverhead is a census-designated place (CDP) roughly corresponding to the hamlet by the same name located in the Town of Riverhead in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The CDP's population was 13,299 at the 2010 census.

Situated at the mouth of the Peconic River, which empties into Peconic Bay where the North and South Forks of Long Island split, the town of Riverhead (of which the CDP is a part) is the official county seat of Suffolk County. In the 1960s, most of the county offices moved to the CDP of Hauppauge in the towns of Islip and Smithtown in the more populous western half of the county—a move which still spurs attempts for the town of Riverhead to lead the way for the secession of eastern Long Island towns to form Peconic County.

Islip, New York
Islip (/ˈaɪslɪp/ EYE-slip) is a town in Suffolk County, New York, United States, on the South Shore of Long Island. The population was 339,938 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the fourth most populous city or town in the New York metropolitan area. The Town of Islip also contains a smaller, unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place named Islip, which serves as the town seat.
Fortunate Son (The Sopranos)
"Fortunate Son" is the 29th episode of the HBO original series The Sopranos and the third of the show's third season. It was written by Todd A. Kessler and directed by Henry J. Bronchtein, and originally aired on March 11, 2001.

Livia Soprano
Livia Soprano (née Pollio), portrayed by Nancy Marchand, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos. She is the mother of Tony Soprano. A young Livia, played by Laila Robins and later by Laurie J. Williams, is sometimes seen in flashbacks. Series creator David Chase has stated that the main inspiration for the character was his own mother. Vera Farmiga portrays a young Livia Soprano in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark.

In 2016, Rolling Stone ranked her #3 of their "40 Greatest TV Villains of All Time".
The Ghost Breaker (1914 film)
The Ghost Breaker is a 1914 American silent drama film directed by Cecil B. DeMille and Oscar C. Apfel and based on the 1909 Broadway play of the same name by Paul Dickey and Charles W. Goddard. The film was distributed by Paramount Pictures under the Famous Players–Lasky banner.

The Ghost Breaker was possibly the first film in a long line of haunted-house horror films with the same story. A 1922 remake of the same name starred Wallace Reid and Lila Lee. The original film was also remade as The Ghost Breakers (1940) with Bob Hope and Paulette Goddard, and as Scared Stiff (1953) with Martin and Lewis. The film is now considered lost.

H. B. Warner
Henry Byron Warner (né Lickfold; 26 October 1876 – 21 December 1958) was an English film and theatre actor. He was popular during the silent era and played Jesus Christ in The King of Kings. In later years, he successfully moved into supporting roles and appeared in numerous films directed by Frank Capra.

Warner's most recognizable role to modern audiences is Mr. Gower in It's a Wonderful Life, directed by Capra. He appeared in the original 1937 version of  Lost Horizon as Chang, for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
1st Infantry Division Artillery (United States)
The 1st Infantry Division Artillery (DIVARTY) is the divisional artillery command and force fires headquarters for the 1st Infantry Division at Fort Riley, Kansas. The DIVARTY has served with the division from 1917 to 1939, 1940–1995, 1996–2005, and reactivated in October 2015. The unit has been stationed at Fort Riley, Kansas, and in Germany, and has seen combat in World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, Operation Desert Storm, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The DIVARTY provides a single proponent with the division for standardized fires certification and leader development while exemplifying effective mission command, and supporting the seamless cross-attachment of units with common procedures and a shared understanding of the fires warfighting capabilities.

M101 howitzer
The M101A1 (previously designated Howitzer M2A2 on Carriage M2A2) howitzer is an artillery piece developed and used by the United States. It was the standard U.S. light field howitzer in World War II and saw action in both the European and Pacific theaters and during the Korean War. Entering production in 1941, it quickly gained a reputation for accuracy and a powerful punch. The M101A1 fires 105 mm high explosive (HE) semi-fixed ammunition and has a range of 12,330 yards (11,270 m) or 7 miles, making it suitable for supporting infantry.
Kevin Warwick
Kevin Warwick (born 9 February 1954) is an English engineer and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) at Coventry University. He is known for his studies on direct interfaces between computer systems and the human nervous system, and has also done research concerning robotics.

Science Museum, London
The Science Museum is a major museum on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, London. It was founded in 1857 and is one of the city's major tourist attractions, attracting 3.3 million visitors annually in 2019.

Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, the Science Museum does not charge visitors for admission, although visitors are requested to make a donation if they are able. Temporary exhibitions may incur an admission fee.

It is one of the five museums in the Science Museum Group.
Renault Wind
The Renault Wind is a convertible car manufactured and marketed by the French automobile company Renault from 2010 to 2013. It is a two-seater roadster with a front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout.

It was originally presented as a concept car at the 2004 Paris Motor Show as a 2+1 roadster. On February 2, 2010, Renault announced that the Wind would enter production, presenting the production model at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show. The production version accommodates two passengers, as opposed to the 2+1 seating of the concept car. In February 2012, Renault retired the Wind along with the Espace, Kangoo Multix, Modus, and Laguna lines in the United Kingdom. For Mainland Europe, the Wind remained available through June 2013.

Roadster (car)
A roadster (also spider, spyder) is an open two-seat car with emphasis on sporting appearance or character. Initially an American term for a two-seat car with no weather protection, its usage has spread internationally and has evolved to include two-seat convertibles.

The roadster was also a style of racing car driven in United States Auto Club (USAC) Championship Racing, including the Indianapolis 500, in the 1950s and 1960s. This type of racing car was superseded by rear-mid-engine cars.
Craig Tracy (artist)
Craig Anthony Tracy (born May 22, 1967) is an American bodypainting artist and television personality based in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is widely known as the expert judge and the producer of Skin Wars, a bodypainting reality competition which aired on the Game Show Network between 2014 and 2016. Tracy is the founder of the Craig Tracy Gallery, previously known as PaintedAlive Gallery, in the French Quarter of New Orleans. Tracy is also the recipient of the World Award in the airbrush category at the World Bodypainting Festival in 2005.

Airbrush
An airbrush is a small, air-operated tool that atomizes and sprays various media, most often paint, but also ink, dye, and make-up. Spray painting developed from the airbrush and is considered to employ a type of airbrush.
Peace & Love (festival)
Peace & Love was the largest music festival in Sweden, known for its humanitarian message, pervasive throughout the event. It started in Borlänge and ran from 1999 until the company filed for bankruptcy in 2013.

The Peace & Love Crew announced that they would continue to do the much loved festival and in 2014 the festivals were back on under the name "Peace & Love World Forum". Since then it has expanded and gone back to its old name "Peace & Love". The festival was cancelled in 2020 due to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, and shortly the festival declared bankruptcy.

Joakim Thåström
Sven Joakim Eriksson Thåström (born 20 March 1957), better known as Thåström, is a Swedish singer and songwriter, mostly known for the bands Ebba Grön and Imperiet. He has moved between a number of genres, from punk to rock, industrial and autobiographical singer-songwriter music.