hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coordinate Metrology Society
The Coordinate Metrology Society (CMS) (formerly known as the Coordinate Metrology Society Conference (CMSC) is an international professional association comprising individuals and organizations in the field of metrology. Their focus is portable metrology. The society holds an annual conference where users, vendors, researchers, and educators working with metrology technology meet to discuss innovations and issues relevant to the industry.

Coordinate-measuring machine
A coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) is a device that measures the geometry of physical objects by sensing discrete points on the surface of the object with a probe. Various types of probes are used in CMMs, the most common being mechanical and laser sensors, though optical and white light sensors do exist. Depending on the machine, the probe position may be manually controlled by an operator, or it may be computer controlled. CMMs specify a probe's position in terms of its displacement from a reference position in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (i.e., with XYZ axes). In addition to moving the probe along the X, Y, and Z axes, many machines also allow the probe angle to be controlled to allow measurement of surfaces that would otherwise be unreachable.
Gwangmyeong
Gwangmyeong (Korean: 광명시; Korean pronunciation: [ˈkwaŋ.mjʌŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It borders Seoul to the east, north and northeast, Anyang to the southeast, Siheung to the southwest, and Bucheon to the northwest. It is home to one of the world's largest IKEA stores at 59,000 square meters (640,000 square feet), along with a large Costco store and a Lotte Premium Outlet.

Goyang
Goyang (Korean: 고양; Korean pronunciation: [ko.jaŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province in the north of South Korea. It is part of the Seoul Metropolitan Area, making Goyang one of Seoul's satellite cities. It is one of the largest cities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, with a population of just over 1 million. Ilsan, a planned city, is located in the Ilsandong District and Ilsanseo Districts of Goyang. It also includes Deogyang District which is closer to Seoul.

Several institutions of higher learning are located in Goyang. These include Agricultural Cooperative College, Korea Aerospace University, and Transnational Law and Business University.
Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The competition was held from Sunday, August 15, 1920, to Tuesday, August 17, 1920. Forty runners from 17 nations competed. No nation had more than 4 runners, suggesting the limit had been reduced from the 12 maximum in force in 1908 and 1912. The event was won by Albert Hill of Great Britain, snapping a three-Games streak of American victories and starting a four-Games streak of British wins. Bevil Rudd, the 400 metres winner in 1920, took bronze to give South Africa its first medal in the 800 metres.

Earl Eby
Earl William Eby (November 18, 1894 – December 14, 1970) was an American sprinter who won a silver medal in the 800 m at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Earlier at the 1919 Inter-Allied Games he won the 400 m event and placed second in the 800 m to New Zealand's Daniel Mason. He won the 800 m event at the 1920 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

He was born in Aurora, Illinois, but attended high school in Chicago, first Calumet High and then Loyola Academy. He died in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

Running for the Penn Quakers track and field team, Eby won an NCAA championship in the 800 m.
Gilshochill railway station
Gilshochill railway station is a railway station serving the Gilshochill, Maryhill and Cadder areas of Glasgow, Scotland. The station is located on the Maryhill Line, 31⁄4 miles (5 km) north west of Glasgow Queen Street. Services are provided by ScotRail on behalf of Strathclyde Partnership for Transport. When the station was opened by British Rail in December 1993 it was named Lambhill, being renamed Gilshochill on 24 May 1998 under Railtrack.

Maryhill
Maryhill (Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Màiri) is an area in the north-west of Glasgow in Scotland. A former independent burgh and the heart of an eponymous local authority ward, its territory is bisected by Maryhill Road, part of the A81 road which runs for a distance of roughly three miles (five kilometres) between Glasgow city centre and the suburban town of Bearsden.

The far north west of the area is served by Maryhill railway station.
2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak
The 2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak was a widespread outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes food poisoning that resulted from contaminated processed meats produced by Enterprise Foods, a subsidiary of Tiger Brands, in Polokwane. There were 1,060 confirmed cases of listeriosis during the outbreak, and about 216 deaths. It is the world's deadliest listeriosis outbreak.

RCL Foods
RCL Foods Limited is a South African consumer goods and milling company.

Founded in 1960 as Rainbow Chicken Ltd, the company has its headquarters in Westville near Durban, and employs over 20,000 people.

RCL is 77.7% owned by the South African investment firm Remgro.  In 2017, the company announced it would be cutting its workforce by 1,350 people due to increased chicken imports into South Africa from Europe and the US following the signing of trade agreements with them.
The Outside Track
The Outside Track is a Pan Celtic group that performs Scots, Irish and Cape Breton songs and stepdance. Members of the group include Ailie Robertson, who has won a LiveIreland Music Award and was a BBC Radio Scotland Young Traditional Musician finalist, and Fiona Black, who was a winner of the BBC’s Fame Academy, as well as Mairi Rankin, a relative of the Rankin family from Mabou, Cape Breton. As a group they won ‘Best Group’ in the 2012 LiveIreland Music Award, a ‘Tradition In Review’ award, and was nominated for the 2013 MG Alba Scots Traditional Music Award. For their album Flash Company, they also won the German Radio Critics' Prize.

The Rankin Family
The Rankin Family (also known as The Rankins) are a Canadian musical family group from Mabou, Nova Scotia. The group has won many Canadian music awards, including 15 East Coast Music Awards, six Juno Awards, four SOCAN Awards, three Canadian Country Music Awards and two Big Country Music Awards.
Central Union of Machinists and Stokers
The Central Union of Machinists and Stokers and Kindred Trades of Germany (German: Zentral-Verband der Maschinisten und Heizer sowie Berufsgenossen Deutschlands, ZMH) was a trade union representing machine operators and those in related areas of work, in Germany.

The union was founded in Berlin in 1892, with the merger of various local unions, and affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions.  It represented machinists, stokers, and those in related areas of work, regardless of the industry in which they were employed.  In 1919, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation, and by 1920, it had 100,287 members.  In 1927, the union established the International Federation of Enginemen and Firemen.

By 1928, the union's membership had declined to 48,568.  In 1933, the union was banned by the Nazi government.

General German Trade Union Federation
The General German Trade Union Federation (German: Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, ADGB) was a confederation of trade unions in Germany founded during the Weimar Republic. It was founded in 1919 and was initially powerful enough to organize a general strike in 1920 against a right-wing coup d'état. After the 1929 Wall Street crash, the ensuing Great Depression caused widespread unemployment. The ADGB suffered a dramatic loss of membership, both from unemployment and political squabbles. By the time the Nazis seized control of the government, the ADGB's leadership had distanced itself from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and was openly cooperating with Nazis in an attempt to keep the organization alive. Nonetheless, on 2 May 1933 the SA and SS stormed the offices of the ADGB and its member trade unions, seized their assets and arrested their leaders, crushing the organization.
Simion Ghimpu
Simion Ghimpu (24 May 1939 – 27 July 2010) was a Moldovan writer, poet, and essayist, known for his contributions to contemporary Moldovan literature. His works often reflected themes of national identity, culture, and human experience, positioning him as a significant voice in the intellectual life of Moldova during the late 20th century.

Mihai Cimpoi
Mihai Cimpoi (born 3 September 1942) is a Moldovan politician, a distinguished cultural scientist, Romanian academician, critic and literary historian, expert on Mihai Eminescu, literary editor and Bessarabian essayist. "Emeritus of the Republic of Moldova", two decades elected president of the Union of Writers of Moldova, deputy in the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova between 1999 and 2001, Mihai Cimpoi is the author of some fundamental works such as: "An Open History of the Romanian literature in Bessarabia" (in several editions) and "Mihai Eminescu. Encyclopedic Dictionary" - a unique monumental work. Cimpoi is the author and developer of the long-term project "The World Congress of Eminescologists", launched in 2012 and became a tradition.
Tagma (military)
The tagma (Greek: τάγμα; pl.: tagmata, τάγματα) is a military unit of battalion or regiment size, especially the elite regiments formed by Byzantine emperor Constantine V and comprising the central army of the Byzantine Empire in the 8th–11th centuries.

J. B. Bury
John Bagnell Bury FBA (/ˈbjʊəri/; 16 October 1861 – 1 June 1927) was an Anglo-Irish historian, classical scholar, Medieval Roman historian and philologist. He objected to the label "Byzantinist" explicitly in the preface to the 1889 edition of his Later Roman Empire. He was Erasmus Smith's Professor of Modern History at Trinity College Dublin (1893–1902), before being Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge and a Professorial Fellow of King's College, Cambridge from 1902 until his death.
Mark Brindal
Mark Brindal (born 12 May 1948) is a former Australian politician who served in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1989 to 2006, representing the Liberal Party. He was a government minister between 1997 and 2002, under premiers John Olsen and Rob Kerin.

The Advertiser (Adelaide)
The Advertiser is a daily tabloid format newspaper based in the city of Adelaide, South Australia. First published as a broadsheet named The South Australian Advertiser on 12 July 1858, it is currently a tabloid printed from Monday to Saturday. The Advertiser came under the ownership of Keith Murdoch in the 1950s, and the full ownership of Rupert Murdoch in 1987. It is a publication of Advertiser Newspapers Pty Ltd (ADV), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. Through much of the 20th century, The Advertiser was Adelaide's morning broadsheet, The News the afternoon tabloid, with The Sunday Mail covering weekend sport, and Messenger Newspapers community news. The head office was relocated from a former premises in King William Street, to a new News Corp office complex, known as Keith Murdoch House at 31 Waymouth Street.
The Mississauga News
The Mississauga News is a local news website in Mississauga, Ontario. The Mississauga News is part of Metroland Media Group, a subsidiary of Torstar.

Originally founded as a newspaper in 1965, the News ceased publishing a physical edition in 2023 after parent company Metroland entered bankruptcy protection and now operates as a news website.

Torstar
Torstar Corporation is a Canadian mass media company which primarily publishes news. It is known for publishing the Toronto Star, its flagship and namesake. Torstar was purchased by NordStar Capital LP, which is owned by Jordan Bitove. They also publish daily newspapers in Hamilton, Peterborough, Niagara Region, and Waterloo Region, in addition to their ownership of the Metroland Media Group and a 33.33% ownership of the Canadian Press.

The corporation was established in 1958 to take over operations of the Star from the Atkinson Foundation after a provincial law banned charitable organizations from owning for-profit entities. From 1958 to 2020, the class A shares of Torstar were held by the families of the original Atkinson Foundation trustees. The private investment firm NordStar Capital LP, formed by Paul Rivett and Jordan Bitove, acquired the company in 2020.  In 2022, Rivett left NordStar due to disputes with Bitove.
Khot, Armenia
Khot (Armenian: Խոտ) is a village in the Tatev Municipality of the Syunik Province in Armenia. It is located on the left side of the Vorotan river, 67 kilometers from the regional center of Kapan. On the cliffs below Khot are the ruins of Hin Khot (Old Khot), the previous location of the village until the 1970s.

The village was included under the same name in the Zangezur uezd within the Elizavetpol Governorate of Russian Empire.

During the Soviet years, Khot was a part of the Zangezur province of the Armenian SSR, and from 1930, it was part of the Goris region. Since 1995, the village has been part of the Syunik province of RA, since 2015 it is part of the enlarged Tatev Municipality.

Heinrich Hübschmann
Johann Heinrich Hübschmann (1 July 1848 – 20 January 1908) was a German philologist and comparative linguist, best known for his pioneering work in Armenian and Iranian studies and for establishing Armenian as an independent branch of the Indo-European language family in 1875.
A Brilliant Light
"A Brilliant Light" (simplified Chinese: 犬灯; traditional Chinese: 犬燈; pinyin: Quǎndēng; lit. 'Dog Light') is a short story by the Chinese writer Pu Songling collected in Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio.

Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio
Liaozhai zhiyi, sometimes shortened to Liaozhai, known in English as Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio,  Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio, or literally Strange Tales from a Studio of Leisure, is a collection of Classical Chinese stories by Qing dynasty writer Pu Songling, comprising close to 500 stories or "marvel tales" in the zhiguai and chuanqi styles, which according to some critics, served to implicitly criticise societal problems. Written over a period of forty years from the late 1600s and ending in the early 1700s, it circulated in manuscripts that were copied and recopied among the author's friends but did not appear in print until 1766. Since then, many of the critically lauded stories have been adapted for other media such as film and television.
Henry de Stanton
Henry de Stanton (also Staunton) was an English medieval Canon law jurist, judge, churchman, and university chancellor.

Henry de Stanton was a Professor of Canon law. Between 1280 and 1282, he was Chancellor of the University of Oxford. During his chancellorship, the university appointed a group of masters to investigate how to put the Will of William of Durham (died 1249) into effect to establish University College at Oxford.

Henry de Stanton was vicar of St Peter's-in-the-East in Oxford. He was also a commissary judge and an official of the Court of the Arches.

William of Durham
William of Durham (died 1249) is said to have founded University College, Oxford, England. He most likely came from Sedgefield, County Durham and was educated at Wearmouth monastery and in Paris, France.

William of Durham was archdeacon of Caux and (in 1235, for a few months) archbishop-elect of Rouen in Normandy, France.

When, in 1229, riots broke out in Paris, he may have been the leader of a group of students who migrated from that city to Oxford, but this tradition is not attested to by contemporary sources. What is more certain is that he held several rich benefices in England and died in Rouen, in 1249.

He left 310 marks, a large amount of money, in his will to be invested in rents that would support scholars in Oxford. This benefaction resulted in one of the first of the Oxford halls or colleges. Subsequently, this foundation took the name of University College.
Henry Le Vesconte
Henry Thomas Dundas Le Vesconte (c. 1813 – c. 1848) was an English officer of the Royal Navy and polar explorer who from 1845 served under Sir John Franklin as Second Lieutenant (the fourth most senior rank) on the Erebus during the Franklin expedition to discover the Northwest Passage, which ended with the loss of all 129 crewmen in mysterious circumstances.

King William Island
King William Island (Inuktitut: Qikiqtaq, French: Île du Roi-Guillaume; previously: King William Land) is an island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, which is part of the Arctic Archipelago. In area it is between 12,516 km2 (4,832 sq mi) and 13,111 km2 (5,062 sq mi) making it the 61st-largest island in the world and Canada's 15th-largest island. Its population, as of the 2021 census, was 1,349, all of whom live in the island's only community, Gjoa Haven.

While searching for the Northwest Passage, a number of polar explorers visited, or spent their winters on, King William Island.
Bailey Olter
Bailey Olter (March 27, 1932 – February 16, 1999) was a Micronesian political figure. He was elected to the Senate of Micronesian Congress from Ponape district. He served as Vice President of the Federated States of Micronesia from 1983 to 1987, and as the third president of the Federated States of Micronesia from 1991 to 1996.

He was re-elected president in the March 1995 presidential election. He suffered a stroke in July 1996 ending his capacity to carry out his office; his Vice President Jacob Nena served the last year of his term.

Vice President of the Federated States of Micronesia
The vice president of Federated States of Micronesia is the second highest position in Federated States of Micronesia. The vice president is elected by the Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia from among the at-large members for a four-year term. The vice president is also a part of the legislature. The annual salary of the vice president is set to US$70,000.

The history of the office holders is as follows:
1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 105th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 19 May 1991 and ended on 15 September 1991.

In the Munster semi-final Kerry ended Cork's 2 years as All Ireland champions.

Down defeated Meath in the final by a scoreline of 1–16 to 1–14. The Ulster county's victory was to be the start of four consecutive All-Ireland titles for the province. For Meath, it was their second consecutive defeat in a final, having lost to Cork in the 1990 final.

The Championship was noted for the tie between Dublin and Meath that took three replays to decide.

Seeding (sports)
In sport, seeding is the practice of separating the most skilled competitors from each other in the early rounds of a tournament. Players or teams are "planted" into the bracket in such a manner that the best do not meet until later in the competition, usually based on ranking from the regular season. The term was first used in tennis, and is based on the notion of scattering the top players' names across the bracket in the way that a farmer scatters seeds.

Sometimes the remaining competitors in a single-elimination tournament will be "re-seeded" so that the highest surviving seed is made to play the lowest surviving seed in the next round, the second-highest plays the second-lowest, etc.  This may be done after each round, or only at selected intervals.
1986 in motoring
1986 in motoring includes developments in the automotive industry throughout 1986 by various automobile manufacturers, grouped by country. The automotive industry designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and sells motor vehicles.

Ford Orion
The Ford Orion is a small family car (C-segment in Europe) that was produced by Ford Europe from 1983 until 1993. A total of 3,534,239 units were sold during the car's ten-year production life.

The Ford Orion was based on the Ford Escort, but instead of the Escort's hatchback, the Orion had a separate boot, making it a four-door saloon. Visually, the Ford Orion's notchback rear end and greater rear overhang made it readily distinguishable from the Escort.

The nameplate Orion is derived from the constellation, named after a Greek hunter.
Lonely Mine
Lonely Mine is a village in Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe and is located about 84 kilometres (52 mi) north-east of Bulawayo, just north of Inyati. It was established in 1906 when gold was discovered in the area. Gold, nickel and tungsten are still mined in the area today.

Inyathi
Inyathi (also known as Enyathi, Inyati, UMzinyathi, and Emhlangeni) is a village located in the Bubi District of Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe that grew from colonization by missionaries in the late 19th century. The Mission itself sits upon around 2,729 hectares (6,740 acres) of land. Inyathi is about 100 kilometres (62 mi) from Bulawayo and has a number of gold mines that have inspired both corporate (including Rio Tinto and Anglo American) and illegal mining.
Iteia gens
The gens Iteia or Itia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  No members of this gens are mentioned by ancient writers, but several are known from inscriptions.  Perhaps the most illustrious of the family was Iteius Rufus, legate of Thracia during the reign of Hadrian.

Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names. Although conventionally referred to as the tria nomina, the combination of praenomen, nomen, and cognomen that have come to be regarded as the basic elements of the Roman name in fact represent a continuous process of development, from at least the seventh century BC to the end of the seventh century AD. The names that developed as part of this system became a defining characteristic of Roman civilization, and although the system itself vanished during the Early Middle Ages, the names themselves exerted a profound influence on the development of European naming practices, and many continue to survive in modern languages.
Mark Jenkins (artist)
Mark Jenkins (born October 7, 1970) is an American artist who makes sculptural street installations. Jenkins' practice of street art is to use the "street as a stage" where his sculptures interact with the surrounding environment including passersby who unknowingly become actors. His installations often draw the attention of the police.  His work has been described as whimsical, macabre, shocking and situationist. Jenkins cites Juan Muñoz as his initial inspiration.

In addition to creating art, he also teaches his sculpture techniques and installation practices through workshops. He currently lives in Washington, DC.

Street art
Street art is visual art created in public locations for public visibility. It has been associated with the terms "independent art", "post-graffiti", "neo-graffiti" and guerrilla art.

Street art has evolved from the early forms of defiant graffiti into a more commercial form of art, as one of the main differences now lies with the messaging. Street art is often meant to provoke thought rather than rejection among the general audience through making its purpose more evident than that of graffiti. The issue of permission has also come at the heart of street art, as graffiti is usually done illegally, whereas street art can nowadays be the product of an agreement or even sometimes a commission. However, it remains different from traditional art exposed in public spaces by its explicit use of said space in the conception phase.