hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Brasil Tennis Challenger
The 2025 Brasil Tennis Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Piracicaba, Brazil between 27 January and 2 February 2025. The tail end (final phases) of the competition was moved to São Paulo at the clay-covered courts of the Arena Ace due to heavy rains.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Vila de Gràcia Trophy
The Vila de Gràcia Trophy (Catalan: Trofeu Vila de Gràcia), officially the Trofeu Vila de Gràcia Memorial Carles Capella, is an annual summer friendly football tournament in the Vila de Gràcia, Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain).

Nou Sardenya
Nou Sardenya is a municipally-owned football stadium in the Gràcia district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of CE Europa. The stadium holds about 4,000.
Electro Thermal Dynamic Stripping Process
Electro Thermal Dynamic Stripping Process (ET-DSP) is a patented in situ thermal environmental remediation technology, created by McMillan-McGee Corporation, for cleaning contaminated sites. ET-DSP uses readily available three phase electric power to heat the subsurface with electrodes. Electrodes are placed at various depths and locations in the formation. Electric current to each electrode is controlled continuously by computer to uniformly heat the target contamination zone.

Electrode
An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or a gas). In electrochemical cells, electrodes are essential parts that can consist of a variety of materials (chemicals) depending on the type of cell.  An electrode may be called either a cathode or anode according to the direction of the electric current, unrelated to the potential difference between electrodes.

Michael Faraday coined the term "electrode" in 1833; the word recalls the Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, "amber") and ὁδός (hodós, "path, way").

The electrophore, invented by Johan Wilcke in 1762, was an early version of an electrode used to study static electricity.
Dashu, Dazhou
Dashu (simplified Chinese: 大树; traditional Chinese: 大樹; pinyin: Dàshù) is a town under the administration of Dachuan District, Dazhou, Sichuan, China. As of 2018, it has one residential community and 16 villages under its administration.

Dachuan, Dazhou
Dachuan District (simplified Chinese: 达川区; traditional Chinese: 達川區; pinyin: Dáchuān Qū) is a district of Dazhou in northeastern Sichuan province. In 2020, it had a population of 945,191 inhabitants residing in an area of 2,688 square kilometres (1,038 sq mi). It was called Da County (达县; 達縣; Dá Xiàn) or Daxian, until July 2013, when it renamed to Dachuan District.
Admiral of the fleet (Soviet Union)
The rank of admiral of the fleet or fleet admiral (Russian: адмирал флота, romanized: admiral flota) was the highest naval rank of the Soviet Union from 1940 to 1955 and second-highest from 1962 to 1991.

It was first created by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in 1940 as an equivalent to general of the army, but it was not used until 1944, when Ivan Isakov and Nikolai Kuznetsov were promoted to the rank.

The rank was abolished on 3 March 1955 with the establishment of the rank of admiral of the fleet of the Soviet Union. It was restored in 1962 as the second-highest navy rank.

The rank has been retained by the Russian Federation after 1991.

Nikolai Kuznetsov (admiral)
Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Никола́й Гера́симович Кузнецо́в; 24 July 1904 – 6 December 1974) was a Soviet naval officer who achieved the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union and served as People's Commissar of the Navy during the Winter War and the Second World War. The N. G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy and the lead ship of the Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier are named in his honor.
Lau, Nigeria
LauListenⓘ  is a Local Government Area in Taraba State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Lau and the area is dominated by  Hausa Fulani people. Lau Local government has a border with Ardo Kola, Jalingo, Yorro and Zing local governments of Taraba state. It also shares a border with Numan, Adamawa State.
The currently  Lamido of Lau is  Alhaji Abubakar Umar Danburam III. There is only one and only Gimbiya in Lau chiefdom, Bilkisu Abubakar Umar Danburam III, the third daughter of HRH Alh Abubakar Umar Danburam III. She was appointed as Gimbiya by her father the Chief,Sarki or Lamido of Lau immediately after his appointment as the chief of Lau in 2006 - Alhaji Adamu Umar Kunini, widely respected as Shettiman Lau.

Yorro
YorroListenⓘ  is a Local Government Area in Taraba State, Northeast, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Kpantisawa. The local government is dominated by Mumuye people which is the largest tribe in Taraba State.

It has an area of 1,275 km2 and a population of 89,410 at the 2006 census. The Local Government have the following major towns and communities: Kpantisawa, Pupule, Lankaviri, Kassa, Nyaja, Dila, Kajong, Kayya, Donkin, Gadda-Lasheke, Boboto, Nyaladi, Nyalapa,  Dandikulu, Manang-kopo, Bolisabo, Jika, Manang-lakware, Kpantinapo, Mika, Santewa, Garin Malam Audu etc.

There are 11 Wards in YORRO local government area namely: BIKASSA I, BIKASSA II, NYAJA I,  NYAJA II,  PANTISAWA I, PANTISAWA II, PUPULE I, PUPULE II,  PUPULE III, SUMBU I, SUMBU II

The postal code of the area is 661.
Søre Vistvatnet
Søre Vistvatnet (Norwegian) or Åarjel Væstanjaevrie (Southern Sami) is a lake that lies in Vevelstad Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. Perched at an elevation of 555 metres (1,821 ft), it has a total surface area of 2.3 square kilometres (0.89 sq mi). It lies within the periphery of the wild Lomsdal–Visten National Park. The lake is locally known as Væstanjaevrie.

The 8.38-kilometre (5.21 mi) long shoreline makes for a solitary trek. The  lake lies in the southeastern part of the municipality.

Lomsdal–Visten National Park
Lomsdal–Visten National Park (Norwegian: Lomsdal–Visten nasjonalpark, Southern Sami: Njaarken vaarjelimmiedajve) is a Norwegian national park that was established on 26 June 2009. The park consists of a total protected area of 1,102 square kilometres (425 sq mi). It is located in Nordland county, Norway, and covers parts of Brønnøy Municipality, Vevelstad Municipality, Grane Municipality, and Vefsn Municipality.

The landscape is dominated by great diversity and many rivers. There are steep-sided fjords with deciduous woodlands, coniferous forests, mountainous terrains, and alpine peaks. The rich and varied geology was another reason for protecting the area. Karstic terrain with caves, subterranean rivers, arches, and unusual weathering are found here.
California and Hawaiian Sugar Company
California and Hawaiian Sugar Company (C&H Sugar) is an American sugar processing and distribution company. Originally organized as a cooperative in 1921, it encountered a severe decline in sugar markets and passed through a series of owners in the latter half of the 20th century. In 2017, its Crockett, California, refinery processed its last shipment of Hawaiian sugar but continues to produce sugar from other locations. The Crockett Refinery employs more than 450 people and produces 14% of the nation's cane sugar.

Sugar plantations in Hawaii
Sugarcane was introduced to Hawaiʻi by its first inhabitants in approximately 600 AD and was observed by Captain Cook upon arrival in the islands in 1778. Sugar quickly turned into a big business and generated rapid population growth in the islands with 337,000 people immigrating over the span of a century. The sugar grown and processed in Hawaiʻi was shipped primarily to the United States and, in smaller quantities, globally. Sugarcane and pineapple plantations were the largest employers in Hawaiʻi. Sugar production ended in 2016, with a small quantity of sugarcane still being grown for the manufacture of Rhum agricole.
James Bristow
James Rippingham Bristow (4 October 1858 — 4 April 1925) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Bristow grew up in a Belfast family with Yorkshire origins. He was educated at Royal Belfast Academical Institution and Uppingham School. In 1879, Bristow was capped for Ireland in a match against England at The Oval. He was also a cricketer of note with the North of Ireland CC and in 1880 opened the batting for a Northern Irish team against the touring Australian national team, with Fred Spofforth claiming his wicket twice.

A banker, Bristow had 49 years with the Northern Banking Company and for the majority of his time there held management positions. He was a senior director and served as chairman of the board.

Uppingham School
Uppingham School is a public school (English fee-charging boarding and day school for pupils 13–18) in Uppingham, Rutland, England, founded in 1584 by Robert Johnson, the Archdeacon of Leicester, who also established Oakham School. The headmaster, Richard Maloney, belongs to the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and the school to the Rugby Group of British independent schools. Edward Thring was the school's best-known headmaster (in 1853–1887). His curriculum changes were adopted in other English public schools. John Wolfenden, headmaster from 1934 to 1944, chaired the Wolfenden Committee, whose report recommending the decriminalisation of homosexuality appeared in 1957. Uppingham has a musical tradition based on work by Paul David and Robert Sterndale Bennett. It has the biggest playing-field area of any school in England, in three separate areas of the town: Leicester to the west, Middle to the south, and Upper to the east.
International Congress on Mathematical Physics
The International Congress on Mathematical Physics (ICMP) is the largest research congress in mathematical physics. It is held every three years, on behalf of the International Association of Mathematical Physics (IAMP).

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Hicham Acheffay
Hicham Acheffay (born 10 August 2000) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a forward for Eerste Divisie club Den Bosch.

Acheffay began his youth career in Amsterdam, playing for various clubs including Zeeburgia and Ajax, before joining Vitesse's youth academy. He made his professional debut with Jong Utrecht in 2019 before signing with Grasshoppers in 2021. After stints with De Graafschap and PEC Zwolle, he joined Den Bosch in 2024.

Swiss Challenge League
The Challenge League (known as the Dieci Challenge League for sponsorship reasons) is the second-highest tier of the Swiss football league system and lower of two professional leagues in the country. Ten teams play in the Challenge League; the winners of the league are promoted to the Super League, while the bottom-placed team is relegated to the Promotion League.
Joe Major
Joseph Dwayne Major Sr. (born January 20, 1965) is an American politician who is currently serving as a Democratic member of the Vermont Senate from the Windsor district. He was first elected in 2024, succeeding incumbent Richard McCormack.

Richard McCormack (politician)
Richard John McCormack (born July 20, 1947) is an American political figure in the state of Vermont.  A Democrat, He represented the three-member at-large Windsor County district in the Vermont Senate from 1989 to 2003.  In 2006, he was again elected to the State Senate, and he has been reelected every two years from 2008 to 2022.
Utkhu Warqu
Utkhu Warqu (Quechua utkhu cotton, warqu opuntia flocossa, Hispanicized spelling Utcohuarco) is a 5,149-metre-high (16,893 ft) mountain in Peru. It is located in the Junín Region, Concepción Province, on the border of the districts of Andamarca and Comas. It is northeast of the Waytapallana mountain range. Utkhu Warqu lies north of the lake and the mountain named Putkaqucha.

Putkaqucha (Concepción)
Putkaqucha (Quechua putka muddy (Jauja Quechua), qucha lake, "muddy lake", hispanicized spelling Putcacocha) is a mountain in Peru, about 4,800 m (15,748 ft) high, at a lake of that name. The mountain and the lake are located in the Junín Region, Concepción Province, Andamarca District, northeast of the Waytapallana mountain range. The peak of Putkaqucha is south of Utkhu Warqu.

The lake named Putkaqucha (erroneously also spelled Putcococha) is situated at 11°45′33″S 74°56′44″W﻿ / ﻿11.75917°S 74.94556°W﻿ / -11.75917; -74.94556.
Donald Troup
Donald Scott Troup (1907 – 1973) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Troup was the son of forestry expert Robert Scott Troup. He attended Uppingham School and Dragon School, followed by the University of Oxford, where he was a rugby blue.

A forward, Troup attended trials for Scotland and represented the British Lions on their 1927 tour to Argentina, playing in four fixtures including two of the matches against the Pumas.

Troup was a colonial administrator in Tanganyika.

Dragon School
The Dragon School is a private school across two sites in Oxford, England. The Dragon Pre-Prep (children aged 4–7) and Prep School (children aged 8–13) are both co-educational schools. The Dragon Prep School was founded in 1877 as the Oxford Preparatory School. It takes day pupils and boarders.

Originally established for boys, the Dragon School also accepted a small number of day girls with a close connection to the school, first admitting girls as boarders in 1994. The school educates children aged 4 to 13 in two sites in North Oxford: Bardwell Road and Richards Lane. Boarding starts at 8, and there are 10 boarding houses, including one weekly-boarding house. Dragon Lane runs along the edge of the school immediately to the west.
Barbaria (region)
Barbaria  corresponding Arabic term, bilad al-Barbar (land of the Barbar) was a term applied to the Somali peninsular  The name of Barbaria is preserved today in the name of the Somaliland port city of Berbera, the city known to the Greeks as Malao.

Tortoiseshell
Tortoiseshell or tortoise shell is a material produced from the shells of the larger species of tortoise and turtle, mainly the hawksbill sea turtle, which is a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red List largely because of its exploitation for this trade. The large size, fine color, and unusual form of the hawksbill's scutes make it especially suitable. The distinctive patterning is referred to in names such as the tortoiseshell cat, several breeds of guinea pig, and the common names of several species of the butterfly genera Nymphalis and Aglais, and some other uses.
Guillermo Echevarría
Guillermo Echevarría Pérez (13 May 1948 – 24 November 2021) was a Mexican swimmer who competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Echevarría was born on 13 May 1948 in Mexico City. He briefly held the world record in the 1500 meter (long course), breaking Mike Burton's record in 1968, before Burton took the record back two months later.

Echevarría died on 24 November 2021, at the age of 73.

Mike Burton (swimmer)
Michael Jay Burton (born July 3, 1947) is an American swimmer who competed for the University of California at Los Angeles, a three-time Olympic champion, and a former world record-holder in two freestyle distance events.  He would later have a career as a swimming coach.
Hybrid Scheduling
Hybrid Scheduling is a class of scheduling mechanisms that mix different scheduling criteria or disciplines in one algorithm. For example, scheduling uplink and downlink traffic in a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network, such as IEEE 802.11e) using a single discipline or framework is an instance of hybrid scheduling. Other examples include a scheduling scheme that can provide differentiated and integrated (guaranteed) services in one discipline. Another example could be scheduling of node communications where centralized communications and distributed communications coexist. Further examples of such schedulers are found in the following articles:

1- Y. Pourmohammadi Fallah, H. Alnuweiri,"Hybrid Polling and Contention Access Scheduling in IEEE 802.11e WLANs", Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, Elsevier, Vol 67, Issue 2, Feb. 2007, pp. 242–256.

Node (networking)
In networking, a node (Latin: nodus, 'knot') is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint within telecommunication networks or computer networks.

A physical network node is an electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting information over a communication channel. In data communication, a physical network node may either be data communication equipment (such as a modem, hub, bridge or switch) or data terminal equipment (such as a digital telephone handset, a printer or a host computer).

A passive distribution point, such as a distribution frame or patch panel is not considered to be a node.
Work (film)
Work is a 1915 American silent film starring Charlie Chaplin (his eighth film for Essanay Films), and co-starring Edna Purviance, Marta Golden and Charles Inslee.  It was filmed at the Majestic Studio in Los Angeles.

It is one of the first movies to appreciate the slapstick potential of a painting and decorating scenario.

Essanay Studios
Essanay Studios, officially the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, was an early American motion picture studio. The studio was founded in 1907 in Chicago by George Kirke Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of Charlie Chaplin comedies produced in 1915–1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and Anderson were subsequently awarded special Academy Awards for pioneering contributions to film.
Marpessos
Marpessos (Ancient Greek: Μάρπησσος) was a settlement in the middle Skamander valley of the Troad region of Anatolia. The settlement's name is also spelled Μαρμησσός, Μαρμισσός, Μερμησσός in ancient sources. It was known in Classical antiquity primarily as the birthplace of the Hellespontine Sibyl Herophile. Its site has been located at Dam Dere approximately 2 km SE of the village of Zerdalilik in the Bayramiç district of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Despite the similarity of its name and its location on Mount Ida, the settlement is apparently unrelated to the mythological figure Marpessa and her husband Idas. It should likewise not be confused with the Mount Marpessa on Paros.

Troad
The Troad (/ˈtroʊˌæd/ or /ˈtroʊəd/; Greek: Τρωάδα, Troáda) or Troas (/ˈtroʊəs/; Ancient Greek: Τρῳάς, Trōiás or Τρωϊάς, Trōïás) is a historical region in northwestern Anatolia. It corresponds with the Biga Peninsula (Turkish: Biga Yarımadası) in the Çanakkale Province of modern Turkey. Bounded by the Dardanelles to the northwest, by the Aegean Sea to the west and separated from the rest of Anatolia by the massif that forms Mount Ida, the Troad is drained by two main rivers, the Scamander (Karamenderes) and the Simoeis, which join at the area containing the ruins of Troy.
Maasdorf (Bad Liebenwerda)
Maasdorf is a district of the town of Bad Liebenwerda in the Elbe-Elster district of Brandenburg, Germany, located three kilometres northeast of the town on the Kleine Elster river within the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park.

Maasdorf was part of the Bad Liebenwerda district until its incorporation in 1993 and currently has 464 inhabitants.

Elbe-Elster
Elbe-Elster is a Kreis (district) in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Teltow-Fläming, Dahme-Spreewald, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Meißen,
Nordsachsen and Wittenberg. The district has a partnership with the Märkischer Kreis.
Niladri Kumar
Niladri Kumar  is an Indian sitar player and music composer. The invention of the zitar was done by him. He is known to be one of the most popular musicians of his generation, as stated by fellow sitar maestro Purbayan Chatterjee. Kamar has collaborated with many top musicians, such as Zakir Hussain, Arjit Singh, and John McLaughlin.

Purbayan Chatterjee
Purbayan Chatterjee (born 12 September 1976) is an Indian sitar maestro who lives in Mumbai, India. He is noted for amalgamating traditional Indian classical music with contemporary world music genres.
2013 OSN Cup squads
The following is a list of squads for each nation who competed at the 2013 OSN Cup in Saudi Arabia from 5 to 9 September 2013. Each squad consisted of  22 players, 2 of which had to be goalkeepers. Replacement of injured players was permitted until 24 hours before the team's game. Players marked (c) were named as captain for their national team.

Squads are as of 5 September 2013 15:00 GMT

2013 OSN Cup
The 2013 OSN Cup was an association football tournament held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 5 September 2013 to 9 September 2013.  The tournament was organized by the Saudi Arabian Football Federation and sponsored by the Middle Eastern and North African TV network OSN. This was the premier edition of the tournament. New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Arab Emirates were invited to the tournament. All matches were held at the King Fahd International Stadium  About the tournament, SAFF president Ahmed Eid Al-Harbi said, "Our goal is to promote the culture of football in the Kingdom, set more platforms for our talented team to demonstrate their skills and to encourage new talent to step forward and be proud participants in Saudi Arabia’s modern football history." The United Arab Emirates were crowned champions after defeating New Zealand 2–0 in the final.
Libyan Coastal Highway
The Libyan Coastal Highway (Arabic: الطريق الساحلي الليبي), formerly the Litoranea Balbo, is a highway that is the only major road that runs along the entire east-west length of the Libyan Mediterranean coastline. It is a section in the Cairo–Dakar Highway #1 in the Trans-African Highway system of the African Union, Arab Maghreb Union and others.

Built under the rule of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini in colonial Italian Libya in the 1930s, it was named Via Balbia' (or Litoranea Balbo) in honour of governor-general Italo Balbo, but renamed to "Libyan Coastal Highway" after independence and enlarged.

In the First Libyan Civil War of 2011, the highway was a strategic and symbolic element, as the main route through the contested coastal region between Sirte and Benghazi.

Sabratha
Sabratha (Arabic: صبراتة, romanized: Ṣabrāta; also Sabratah, Siburata), in the Zawiya District of Libya, was the westernmost of the ancient "three cities" of Roman Tripolis, alongside Oea and Leptis Magna. From 2001 to 2007 it was the capital of the former Sabratha wa Sorman District. It lies on the Mediterranean coast about 70 km (43 mi) west of modern Tripoli. The extant archaeological site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.