hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Sun (Malaysia)
The Sun Malaysia (theSun) is Malaysia's national English-language daily newspaper in tabloid format, available seven days a week, aimed mainly at white-collar workers and urban youth.

Published by Sun Media Corporation Sdn Bhd, part of the Berjaya Media Group (formerly known as Nexnews Berhad), theSun was launched on 1 June 1993, which was originally The Sun. It stopped publication on 30 June 1994, for a revamp, and resumed a month later.

In audited circulation figures by Audit Bureau of Circulations Malaysia for January–June 2015, The Sun Malaysia was the highest circulated English newspaper in the country, with a circulation of 306,249.

Berjaya Corporation
Berjaya Corporation Berhad (MYX: 3395; formerly known as Berjaya Group Berhad, Inter-Pacific Industrial Group Berhad and Raleigh Berhad) is a Malaysian-based corporation which controls a wide array of businesses, including consumer marketing, property development and investment, as well as hotels, resorts and recreation development. It also specialises in gaming and lottery management, food and beverage, motor trading and distribution, investment on environmental services and clean technology, and telecommunication and information technology-related services and products.

The corporation is founded by local business magnate Vincent Tan.
Combefa
Combefa (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃bfa]; Occitan: Combafan) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France.

It has an old ruined castle, the "Château de Combefa", former summer residence of the bishops of Albi. The chapel of the castle contained a 15th-century sculpture group representing the Entombment of Christ. The sculpture group was moved to the hospital of Monestiés in 1774.

Monestiés
Monestiés (French pronunciation: [mɔnɛstje]; Occitan: Monestièr, meaning monastery) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France.

It is a member of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The Most Beautiful Villages of France") association.
Moscow Peak
Moscow Peak, also Moskva Peak or Pik Moskva (Russian: Пик Москва and also Tajik: Қуллаи Москва), is a 6,785 m peak in the Peter I Range, western Pamir.

It is located in the south-east of Jirgatol district in Tajikistan's Region of Republican Subordination, about 10 km west of Ismail Samani Peak, Tajikistan's highest mountain.

Moscow Peak is also the name of two much smaller mountains in the United States and Australia:

Moscow Peak in the State of Arizona (Yavapai County), U.S.A. (2,343 m, 34.403082N, 112.396001W)

Moscow Peak in Victoria, Australia (1,647 m, 6.84401S, 148.1437E )

Ismoil Somoni Peak
Ismoil Somoni Peak (Tajik: Қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ, romanized: Qulla-i Ismō‘il-i Sōmōnî/Qullaji Ismojili Somonī; Russian: Пик Исмои́ла Сомони́, romanized: Pik Ismoíla Somoní) is the highest mountain in Tajikistan, as well as the former Russian Empire and Soviet Union before Tajikistan's independence. The mountain is named after Ismail Samani, a ruler of the Samanid dynasty. It is located in the Pamir Range.
Calling party pays
Calling party pays (CPP) is a payment model in telephony, especially in cellular markets, that states that the total cost of a call is borne by the caller (calling party) and not the receiver (called party). It is also known as "Calling party network pays" or CPNP.

Traditionally, two more models have existed:

The receiving party pays (RPP) model, in which the caller pays for making the call and the receiver pays for receiving it.

Bill and keep model.

Telephony
Telephony (/təˈlɛfəni/ tə-LEF-ə-nee) is the field of technology involving the development, application, and deployment of telecommunications services for the purpose of electronic transmission of voice, fax, or data, between distant parties. The history of telephony is intimately linked to the invention and development of the telephone.

Telephony is commonly referred to as the construction or operation of telephones and telephonic systems and as a system of telecommunications in which telephonic equipment is employed in the transmission of speech or other sound between points, with or without the use of wires. The term is also used frequently to refer to computer hardware, software, and computer network systems, that perform functions traditionally performed by telephone equipment. In this context the technology is specifically referred to as Internet telephony, or voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
Longxi Township, Wenchuan County
Longxi Township is located at Wenchuan County, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China.

According to the census conducted in 2000, the entire township had a population of 4903 people. It is located 15 kilometers from Weizhou Township, where the government of Wenchuan County is situated. Longxi Township lies in Longxi Valley, on the left bank of Zagunao River in Wenchuan County (approximately 103°32′ east longitude and 31°33′ north latitude). Farmland distributed on both sides of Longxi Valley.

31°34′00″N 103°32′09″E﻿ / ﻿31.5666°N 103.5359°E﻿ / 31.5666; 103.5359

Wenchuan County
Wenchuan County is a county in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China. The county has an area of 4,084 square kilometres (1,577 sq mi), and a population of 100,771 as of 2010. Wolong National Nature Reserve is a protected area located in Wenchuan County, which houses more than 150 highly endangered giant pandas. The Wolong Special Administrative Region is also located here.

The county's Yingxiu town was the site of the epicentre of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, also known as the Wenchuan earthquake.
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers
The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also called angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of antihypertensive drugs that act by blocking the effects of the hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) in the body, thereby lowering blood pressure. Their structure is similar to Ang II and they bind to Ang II receptors as inhibitors, e.g., [T24 from Rhys Healthcare].

ARBs are widely used drugs in the clinical setting today, their main indications being mild to moderate hypertension, chronic heart failure, secondary stroke prevention and diabetic nephropathy.

The discovery and development of ARBs is a demonstrative example of modern rational drug design and how design can be used to gain further knowledge of physiological systems, in this case, the characterization of the subtypes of Ang II receptors.

Olmesartan
Olmesartan, sold under the brand name Benicar among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth). Versions are available as the combination olmesartan/hydrochlorothiazide and olmesartan/amlodipine. It is available as a prodrug, olmesartan medoxomil.

Common side effects include dizziness, headaches, diarrhea, and back pain. Serious side effects may include kidney problems, low blood pressure, and angioedema. Use in pregnancy may harm the fetus and use when breastfeeding is not recommended. It is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II.

It was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 2002. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 96th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 7 million prescriptions.
SerDes
A Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) is a pair of functional blocks commonly used in high speed communications to compensate for limited input/output. These blocks convert data between serial data and parallel interfaces in each direction. The term "SerDes" generically refers to interfaces used in various technologies and applications. The primary use of a SerDes is to provide data transmission over a single line or a differential pair in order to minimize the number of I/O pins and interconnects.

8b/10b encoding
In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit words to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC balance and bounded disparity, and at the same time provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery.  This means that the difference between the counts of ones and zeros in a string of at least 20 bits is no more than two, and that there are not more than five ones or zeros in a row. This helps to reduce the demand for the lower bandwidth limit of the channel necessary to transfer the signal.

An 8b/10b code can be implemented in various ways with focus on different performance parameters. One implementation was designed by K. Odaka for the DAT digital audio recorder. Kees Schouhamer Immink designed an 8b/10b code for the DCC audio recorder. The IBM implementation was described in 1983 by Al Widmer and Peter Franaszek.
Walmer (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Walmer was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1966 to 1994. It covered the southern suburbs of Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha), centred on its namesake suburb of Walmer. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Suspects (TV series)
Suspects is a British police procedural television series that aired on Channel 5 from 12 February 2014 to 31 August 2016. The series follows members of the Metropolitan Police as they investigate murders, assaults, and other crimes across London.

Most of the show's dialogue is improvised in order to make it seem natural. The actors have a detailed story document and perform from there. The show is filmed within Brownall House the former  Tower Hamlets Council offices on Cambridge Heath Road, London. The building exterior also features in ITV's comedy series The Job Lot.

The Job Lot
The Job Lot is a British sitcom. The series is set in a busy West Midlands Job Centre, and focuses on the relationships between the staff, and the jobseekers.

The series was commissioned following a successful pilot, written by Claire Downes, Stuart Lane and Ian Jarvis. It premiered on 29 April 2013 on ITV. It was later moved to ITV2 for its second series.

The show returned for a third and final series on ITV2 in October 2015.
Brennelvfjorden
Brennelvfjorden (Norwegian) or Lavttevuotnacode: sme promoted to code: se  (Northern Sami) or Lohtivuono (Kven) is a fjord in the most innermost section of Vesterbotn and Porsangerfjorden in Porsanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The fjord reaches 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south to Lakselv. Situated on the western side of Oldereidneset, the fjord is bordered by Langneset to the north and Banakneset to the south, near Banak Airport. On the eastern side of the fjord lies the small settlement of Skogende. Its name is derived from Brennelva (also known as Palojoki in Kven), a river that flows into the innermost part of the fjord. The municipal center of Lakselv is located southwest of Fjordbotnen. The maximum depth of the fjord is 24 metres (79 ft) and it features shallow areas along the shore.

County Road 98 follows the inner section of the fjord, while the European route E6 highway runs along its western side and County Road 98 runs along the eastern side.

Kven language
Kven (kvääni; kainu; Finnish: kveeni; Norwegian: kvensk) is a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost parts of Norway by the Kven people. It is closely related to Meänkieli, spoken in Torne Valley in Sweden, and to the Peräpohjola dialects of Finnish. The status of Kven as a distinct language versus a dialect of Finnish has been debated. In 2005, Kven received the status of a minority language in Norway under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.

There are about 1,500 to 10,000 known native speakers, most of whom are over the age of 60. Middle-aged speakers tend to have a passing knowledge of the language. They use it occasionally, but not frequently enough to keep it off the endangered list. People under the age of 30 rarely speak or know the language. However, children in the community of Børselv can learn Kven in their primary schools.
Karantina Island
Karantina Island (Turkish: Karantina Adası, literally 'Quarantine Island') is an island in the Gulf of İzmir, Turkey.

The island is a part of Urla ilçe (district) of İzmir Province. Its surface area is 320,000 square metres (3,400,000 sq ft) and its distance to mainland (Karaburun Peninsula of Anatolia) is only 600 metres (2,000 ft).There is an artificial connection between the mainland and the island.
The ancient history of the island is related to that of the ancient site Klazomenai. During the 19th century the island was equipped with the up to date medical instruments and it was used as a quarantine island. In 1950, the buildings were restored to be used as a hospital. In 1955, its name was "Sun and Sea Treatment Institute". After the construction of new buildings it was renamed as "Urla Hospital of Orthopedics". In 1986, the hospital was redesigned as a general purpose hospital.

It is planned to open a medical museum on the island.

Karaburun Peninsula, Turkey
The Karaburun Peninsula is a peninsula in the extreme western end of Turkey, a component of the larger Urla-Karaburun-Çeşme Peninsula. The peninsula carries the same name as the town and ilçe (administrative center), Karaburun, located at a pivotal point in its extremity. It is located west of the city of İzmir, comprised wholly within İzmir Province and is surrounded by the Aegean Sea.

The Karaburun peninsula is bounded on the west by the Chios Strait, on the northeast and east by the İzmir Gulf, and on the south by an isthmus in stretching between the village Balıklıova in the southeast and the Gerence Bay in the southwest. In antiquity, the peninsula was known as Melaena (Μέλαινα) and famed for its millstone quarries.

Karaburun has a warm temperature throughout the winter time, 6 to 12 °C. In spring 16 to 22 °C and in the summer 28+ °C.
Taxis
A taxis (from Ancient Greek  τάξις (táxis) 'arrangement, order'; pl.: taxes /ˈtæksiːz/) is the movement of an organism in response to a stimulus such as light or the presence of food. Taxes are innate behavioural responses.

A taxis differs from a tropism (turning response, often growth towards or away from a stimulus) in that in the case of taxis, the organism has motility and demonstrates guided movement towards or away from the stimulus source. It is sometimes distinguished from a kinesis, a non-directional change in activity in response to a stimulus. Taxis can be positive (moving towards the stimulus) or negative (moving away from the stimulus).

Durotaxis
In cellular biology, durotaxis is a form of cell migration in which cells are guided by rigidity gradients, which arise from differential structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Most normal cells migrate up rigidity gradients (in the direction of greater stiffness).
Don Hahn
Donald Paul Hahn (born November 26, 1955) is an American film producer. He served as a producer for the Disney films Beauty and the Beast (1991, the first out of three animated films to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture), The Lion King (1994),  The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001), and The Haunted Mansion (2003).

Hahn has executive produced films by Disneynature since 2007, and founded the company Stone Circle Pictures in 2008 to produce the animation documentary film Waking Sleeping Beauty (2009).

Disney Legends
34°9′29.65″N 118°19′35″W﻿ / ﻿34.1582361°N 118.32639°W﻿ / 34.1582361; -118.32639

Disney Legends is a Hall of Fame award that is awarded by the Walt Disney Company to individuals who "[have] made a significant impact on the Disney legacy". The honor was established in 1987, and was traditionally awarded annually during a special private ceremony. Since 2009, it has been awarded on a biennial basis  during Disney's D23 Expo.

Starting in 2024, the Disney Legends awards ceremony was moved from D23 Expo's traditional venue at the Anaheim Convention Center to the larger Honda Center down the street and was hosted by Ryan Seacrest.  The ceremony was recorded and made available for streaming the next day on Disney+.
2018 Laos dam collapse
The 2018 Laos dam collapse was the collapse of Saddle Dam D, part of a larger hydroelectric dam system under construction in southeast Laos's Champasak Province, on 23 July 2018. The dam collapse lead to widespread destruction and homelessness among the local population in neighbouring Attapeu Province. As of 25 September, 40 people were confirmed dead, at least 98 more were missing (maybe as many as 1,100 more people), and 6,600 others were displaced.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
Applications of randomness
Randomness has multiple uses in science, art, statistics, cryptography, gaming, gambling, and other fields. For example, random assignment in randomized controlled trials helps scientists to test hypotheses, and random numbers or pseudorandom numbers help video games such as video poker.

These uses have different levels of requirements, which leads to the use of different methods. Mathematically, there are distinctions between randomization, pseudorandomization, and quasirandomization, as well as between random number generators and pseudorandom number generators. For example, applications in cryptography usually have strict requirements, whereas other uses (such as generating a "quote of the day") can use a looser standard of pseudorandomness.

Monte Carlo method
Monte Carlo methods, also called the Monte Carlo experiments or Monte Carlo simulations, are a broad class of computational algorithms based on repeated random sampling for obtaining numerical results. The underlying concept is to use randomness to solve deterministic problems.

Monte Carlo methods are mainly used in three distinct problem classes: optimization, numerical integration, and non-uniform random variate generation, available for modeling phenomena with significant input uncertainties, e.g. risk assessments for nuclear power plants. Monte Carlo methods are often implemented using computer simulations. They can provide approximate solutions to problems too complex for mathematical analysis.
N16 road (Ireland)
The N16 road is a national primary road in Ireland. It begins in County Sligo in the northwest of Ireland, and ends at Blacklion, County Cavan, at the border with Northern Ireland, where it becomes the A4 road. At 47.49 kilometres (29.51 mi), The N16 is one of the shorter national primary routes, as it forms only part of a major route from Sligo to Enniskillen and onwards to Belfast.

National primary road
A national primary road (Irish: príomhbhóthar náisiúnta) is a road classification in Ireland. National primary roads form the major routes between the major urban centres. There are 2649 km of national primary roads. This category of road has the prefix "N" followed by one or two digits. Motorways are prefixed "M" followed by one or two digits.
Moscovian age
The Moscovian is in the ICS geologic timescale a stage or age in the Pennsylvanian, the youngest subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Moscovian age lasted from 315.2 to 307 Ma, is preceded by the Bashkirian and is followed by the Kasimovian. The Moscovian overlaps with the European regional Westphalian stage and the North American Atokan and Desmoinesian stages.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Mini-STX
Mini-STX (mSTX, Mini Socket Technology EXtended, originally "Intel 5x5") is a computer motherboard form factor that was released by Intel in 2015 (as "Intel 5x5").

These motherboards measure 147mm by 140mm (5.8" x 5.5"), making them larger than "4x4" NUC (102x102mm / 4.01" x 4.01" inches) and Nano-ITX (120x120mm / 4.7" x 4.7") boards, but notably smaller than the more common Mini-ITX (170x170mm / 6.7" x 6.7") boards. Unlike these standards, which use a square shape, the Mini-STX form factor is 7mm longer from front-to-rear, making it slightly rectangular.

Nano-ITX
Nano-ITX is a computer motherboard form factor first proposed by VIA Technologies at CeBIT in March 2003, and implemented in late 2005. Nano-ITX boards measure 12 × 12 cm (4.7 × 4.7 in), and are fully integrated, very low power consumption motherboards with many uses, but targeted at smart digital entertainment devices such as DVRs, set-top boxes, media centers, car PCs, and thin devices. Nano-ITX motherboards have slots for SO-DIMM.

There are four Nano-ITX motherboard product lines so far, VIA's EPIA N, EPIA NL, EPIA NX, and the VIA EPIA NR. These boards are available from a wide variety of manufacturers supporting numerous different CPU platforms.

Udoo has now released at least 1 nano-ITX board: the Udoo Bolt.
Amherstburg First Baptist Church
42°06′10″N 83°06′20″W﻿ / ﻿42.1027°N 83.1055°W﻿ / 42.1027; -83.1055

Amherstburg First Baptist Church is a predominantly black church in Amherstburg, Ontario, Canada. It was founded by Anthony Binga Sr. and other Amherstburg residents in 1838. It was constructed in 1848–1849, and became a principal stop on the Underground Railroad. Under the leadership of Reverend Binga Sr. the church was the Mother Church of the Amherstburg Regular Missionary Baptist Association.

It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 2012.

Amherstburg
Amherstburg is a town near the mouth of the Detroit River in Essex County, Ontario, Canada. In 1796, Fort Malden was established here, stimulating growth in the settlement. The fort has been designated as a National Historic Site.

The town is approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan, facing Wyandotte, Grosse Ile Township, Brownstown Charter Township, Trenton, and Gibraltar, Michigan. It is part of the Windsor census metropolitan area.