hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adel Murad
Adel Murad (Kurdish: عادل موراد, romanized: Adil Murad; 11 December 1949 – 18 May 2018) was an Iraqi Kurdish politician whom along with Jalal Talabani, Nawshirwan Mustafa, Kamal Fuad, Ali Askari, Fuad Masum and Abdul Razaq Faily, was the co-founder of the main opposition party, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan. He had previously served as representative of PUK in Baghdad under Iraq's Transitional Government and a Representative of Jalal Talabani in Damascus. He was a graduate of the University of Baghdad, with an MSC in Chemistry. Once a commander and Peshmerga veteran, Murad has since been calling for international support and armament from including Russia to support the Peshmerga forces.

Nawshirwan Mustafa
Nawshirwan Mustafa (22 December 1944 – 19 May 2017) (Kurdish: نەوشیروان مستەفا) was an Iraqi Kurdish politician who served as the General Coordinator of the Movement for Change and the leader of the opposition in the Kurdistan Region from 1 April 2009 to his death on 19 May 2017.
Wake-on-LAN
Wake-on-LAN (WoL) is an Ethernet or Token Ring computer networking standard that allows a computer to be turned on or awakened from sleep mode by a network message.
The message is usually sent to the target computer by a program executed on a device connected to the same local area network (LAN). It is also possible to initiate the message from another network by using subnet directed broadcasts or a WoL gateway service. It is based upon AMD's Magic Packet Technology, which was co-developed by AMD and Hewlett-Packard, following its proposal as a standard in 1995. The standard saw quick adoption thereafter through IBM, Intel and others.

If the computer being awakened is communicating via Wi-Fi, a supplementary standard called Wake on Wireless LAN (WoWLAN) must be employed.
The WoL and WoWLAN standards are often supplemented by vendors to provide protocol-transparent on-demand services, for example in the Apple Bonjour wake-on-demand (Sleep Proxy) feature.

Broadcast address
A broadcast address is a network address used to transmit to all devices connected to a multiple-access communications network. A message sent to a broadcast address may be received by all network-attached hosts.

In contrast, a multicast address is used to address a specific group of devices, and a unicast address is used to address a single device.

For network layer communications, a broadcast address may be a specific IP address. At the data link layer on Ethernet networks, it is a specific MAC address.
1942 South American Basketball Championship
The 1942 South American Basketball Championship was the 10th edition of this tournament.  It was held in Santiago, Chile and won by the Argentina national basketball team.  It was the first time since the 1935 championship that the host had not won the competition.  5 teams competed despite the World War that was under way.

South American Basketball Championship
The South American Basketball Championship, or FIBA South American Championship, was the main FIBA tournament for men's national teams from South America's region of FIBA Americas. The tournament was first played in 1930. The tournament often has been played biannually, but the last took place in 2016 as the 2018 edition in Osorno, Chile was cancelled. It has been largely supplanted by the FIBA AmeriCup.
Hemdale Film Corporation
Hemdale Film Corporation (known as Hemdale Communications after 1992) was an independent American-British film production company and distributor. The company was founded in London in 1967 as the Hemdale Company by actor David Hemmings and John Daly, naming the company from a combination of their surnames. The company produced numerous acclaimed films, often in conjunction with companies such as TriStar and Orion Pictures, including The Terminator (1984), Platoon (1986) and The Last Emperor (1987), the latter two being back-to-back winners of the Academy Award for Best Picture.

Crédit Lyonnais
Crédit Lyonnais (previously Le Crédit Lyonnais) (French: [kʁedi ljɔnɛ], "Lyon Credit [Company]"), and abbreviated as LCL was a major French bank, created in 1863 and absorbed by former rival Crédit Agricole in 2003. Its head office was initially in Lyon but moved to Paris in 1882. In the early years of the 20th century, it was the world's largest bank by total assets.

Its former French retail network survives as LCL S.A., a fully owned subsidiary of Crédit Agricole, under the brand LCL adopted in 2005 with reference to "Le Crédit Lyonnais".
Central Magnet School
Central Magnet School is a public magnet school located in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The school is a part of the Rutherford County school system and serves students from grades 6 through 12. It is known for its academic rigor and numerous awards. In 2020, Central received the National Blue Ribbon School recognition for academic achievement.

Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro is a city in Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. The population was 152,769 at the 2020 census (estimated at 173,625 in 2025). Located 34 miles (55 km) southeast of downtown Nashville, it is part of the Nashville metropolitan area in Middle Tennessee.

Settled in 1811, Murfreesboro was the state capital of Tennessee from 1818 to 1826. Today, it is the largest suburb of Nashville and the sixth-most populous city in the state. The city is both the center of population and the geographic center of Tennessee. Since the 1990s, Murfreesboro has been Tennessee's fastest-growing major city and one of the fastest-growing cities in the country. Murfreesboro is home to Middle Tennessee State University, one of the largest undergraduate universities in the state.
Ahetze
Ahetze (French pronunciation: [a.ɛts]) is a village and a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The commune is part of the urban area of Bayonne, and of the traditional Basque province of Labourd.

Larrun
Larrun (Basque: Larhun, Larrun; French: La Rhune [la ʁyn]; Spanish: Larrún [laˈrun]; - 'good pasture', possibly a folk etymology, in French until the 20th century: Larhune) is a mountain (905 m) at the western end of the Pyrenees. It is located on the border of France and Spain, where the traditional Basque provinces of Labourd and Navarra meet. Its prominence is 670 m.
Bongyang station
Bongyang station (Korean: 봉양역) is a railway station in Bongyang, the city of Jecheon. It is on the Jungang Line and the Chungbuk Line. On July 1, 1941, with the opening of the Jungang Line, it opened as a regular station. Designated as a final station and a branch station along with the extension of the Chungbuk Line on December 31, 1958

Passenger handling was suspended from December 9, 2016, but on January 5, 2021, the Seowonju-Jecheon double-track electrification work was completed and passenger operations resumed.

Jecheon
Jecheon (Korean: 제천; Korean pronunciation: [tɕe.tɕʰʌn]) is a city in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea. The city is a major railway junction or a transportation mecca, served by the Jungang, Chungbuk and Taebaek Lines. Jecheon has scenic surroundings and several tourist spots like the Uirimji Reservoir, Cheongpung Lake and Cheongpung Cultural Properties complex. It is also the home of Semyung University.

The city's name derives from the Korean words je (堤, which means "dam") and cheon (川, which means "river").
Glen Spey distillery
57°31′32.2″N 3°12′36.4″W﻿ / ﻿57.525611°N 3.210111°W﻿ / 57.525611; -3.210111

Glen Spey distillery is a single malt Scotch whisky distillery in Rothes, Moray at the centre of the Speyside whisky producing area of Scotland.

Single malt Scotch
Single malt Scotch refers to single malt whisky made in Scotland. To qualify for this category, a whisky must have been distilled at a single distillery using a pot still distillation process and made from a mash of malted barley. Therefore, a single malt means that the whisky has not been blended elsewhere with whisky from other distilleries. As with any Scotch whisky, a single malt Scotch must be distilled in Scotland and matured in oak casks in Scotland for at least three years, although most single malts are matured longer.
Breeching (boys)
Breeching was the occasion when a small boy was first dressed in breeches or trousers. From the mid-16th century until the late 19th or early 20th century, young boys in parts of the Western world were unbreeched and wore gowns or dresses until an age that varied between two and eight. Various forms of relatively subtle differences usually enabled others to tell depictions of little boys from those of little girls, in codes that modern art historians are able to understand but may be difficult for the layperson to discern.

Breeching was an important rite of passage in the life of a boy, looked forward to with much excitement, and often celebrated with a small party. It often marked the point at which the father became more involved with the raising of a boy.

Leading strings
Leading strings are pieces of fabric to support a child learning to walk.  In 17th and 18th century Europe, they were narrow fabric straps attached to children's clothing that prevented a child from straying too far or falling as they learned to walk.

Leading strings served two functions: reducing bumps and bruises in children who are beginning to walk, and restraining those who might injure themselves while exploring. Leading strings have been widely replaced by baby walkers and playpens, or similarly by a child harness.
Admiral Island (South Africa)
Admiral Island is a manmade island and residential estate situated in Port Owen, which lies between the towns of Laaiplek and Velddrift on the West Coast region of South Africa. The area of the island is about 21 hectares, with a circumference of 3 km. The island is bounded on two sides by 2 km of private waterways and one side faces the Berg River. Admiral Island is a residential development with no commercial zones. Of the 191 plots on the island about two thirds are water-front stands.

West Coast, Western Cape
The West Coast is a region of the Western Cape province in South Africa and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west and the Swartland region on the east.

The region stretches for over 400 km from north to south and is known for its scenery and fertile fishing grounds. The main towns in this region are Saldanha, Paternoster, Vredenburg, Velddrif, St. Helena Bay, Langebaan, Hopefield, Darling and Yzerfontein. The region's main nature reserve is the West Coast National Park.
Christian Cueva
Christian Alberto Cueva Bravo (born 23 November 1991) is a Peruvian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Peruvian Liga 1 club Juan Pablo II College and the Peru national team.

Cueva was a member of the Peru national team that finished in third place at the 2015 Copa América and runners-up at the 2019 Copa América, also taking part at the Copa América Centenario, the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the 2021 Copa América and the 2024 Copa América.

2008 Torneo Descentralizado
The 2008 Torneo Descentralizado (known as the Copa Cable Mágico for sponsorship reasons) was the ninety-second season of Peruvian football. A total of 14 teams competed in the tournament, with Universidad San Martín defending their national title. The season began on February 17, 2008 and ended on December 14, 2008.
Undersecretary of State (Italian system)
The Undersecretary of State, in the Italian legal system, is a member of the government with the function of assisting the minister and exercising the tasks that have been delegated to him. It falls into the second category and 17th order of the Italian order of precedence.

Council of Ministers (Italy)
The Council of Ministers (Italian: Consiglio dei Ministri, CdM) is the principal executive organ of the Government of Italy. It comprises the President of the Council (the Prime Minister of Italy), all the ministers, and the Undersecretary to the Prime Minister. Deputy ministers (Italian: viceministri) and junior ministers (Italian: sottosegretari) are part of the government, but are not members of the Council of Ministers.
Langenbach, Bavaria
Langenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋənbax]) is a municipality in the district of Freising in Bavaria in Germany.

The town has its own railway station on the Munich-Regensburg line, and lies on Landesstraße (state road) 2350 between Freising and Moosburg.  Its boroughs are Amperhof, Asenkofen, Großenviecht, Kleinviecht, Niederhummel, Oberbach, Oberhummel, Oftlfing, Rast, Schmidhausen und Windham.

Moosburg an der Isar
Moosburg an der Isar (German pronunciation: [ˈmoːsbʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʔiːzaʁ] ⓘ, lit. 'Moosburg on the Isar'; Central Bavarian: Mooschbuag on da Isa) is a town in the Landkreis Freising of Bavaria, Germany.

The oldest town between Regensburg and Italy lies on the river Isar at an altitude of 421 m (1381 ft). It has 20,237 inhabitants (2022) and covers an area of 44 km2. It is easily reached by the A 92 autobahn and regional trains on the Munich–Regensburg line. Furthermore, it takes just 20 minutes to get to Munich Airport.

Moosburg is  popular with commuters who travel to Munich, Freising, and Munich Airport. There is a considerable industry in the town consisting of chemical, electro-technical, food processing, and machine-building plants.
Statesman Vintage & Classic Car Rally
The Statesman Vintage & Classic Car Rally  is an annual vintage car rally in New Delhi and Kolkata and the oldest, continuously-run such event in India and the sub-continent. It started in the year 1964 in New Delhi, and was brought to Kolkata in the year 1968 as The Statesman Vintage Car Rally. It is now known as The Statesman Vintage & Classic Car Rally. The main organiser of this event is The Statesman. The major attractions of the event are assembly of vintage and classic cars, followed by a drive through the city where cars are assessed for originality and performance on the road section; display of period and fancy dress; grand parade and live music.

The 50th Statesman rally in New Delhi was held on 28 February 2016 (two rallies in intervening years did not take place, because of the 1971 war and the 1973 fuel crisis).

Fort William, West Bengal
Fort William, officially Vijay Durg, is a fort in Hastings, Calcutta (Kolkata). It was built during the early years of Britain's administration of Bengal. It sits on the eastern banks of the River Hooghly, the major distributary of the River Ganga. One of Kolkata's most enduring British-era military fortifications, other than those in Bombay (Mumbai) and Madras (Chennai), it extends over an area of seventy hectares.

The fort was named after King William III. In front of the Fort is the Maidan, the largest park in the country. An internal guard room became the Black Hole of Calcutta. Today the fort is the headquarters of Eastern Command of the Indian Army.
Ten Count (manga)
Ten Count (Japanese: テンカウント, Hepburn: Ten Kaunto; also stylized as 10 Count) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Rihito Takarai, serialized in the manga magazine Dear+ from 2013 to 2017. Two video game adaptations of the series have been produced.

Takuya Satō (voice actor)
Takuya Satō (佐藤 拓也, Satō Takuya; born May 19, 1984) is a Japanese voice actor and singer affiliated with Ken Production. Before his first main role in anime as Toshiki Kai in Cardfight!! Vanguard in 2011, he was mostly known for dubbing foreign dramas.
68109 Naomipasachoff
68109 Naomipasachoff (provisional designation 2000 YH135) is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 December 2000, by astronomers of the LONEOS program at the Anderson Mesa Station in the United States. The asteroid was named after American biographer and research associate, Naomi Pasachoff.

Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search
Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search (LONEOS) was a project designed to discover asteroids and comets that orbit near the Earth. The project, funded by NASA, was directed by astronomer Ted Bowell of Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. The LONEOS project began in 1993 and ran until the end of February 2008.
Fanqie
Fanqie is a method used in traditional Chinese lexicography to indicate the pronunciation of a monosyllabic character by using two other characters, one with the same initial consonant as the desired syllable and one in which the rest of the syllable (the final) matches.
The method was introduced in the 3rd century AD and is to some extent still used in commentaries on the classics and dictionaries.

Yuen Ren Chao
Yuen Ren Chao (Chinese: 趙元任; 3 November 1892 – 25 February 1982), also known as Zhao Yuanren, was a Chinese-American linguist, educator, scholar, poet, and composer, who contributed to the modern study of Chinese phonology and grammar. Chao was born and raised in China, then attended university in the United States, where he earned degrees from Cornell University and Harvard University. A naturally gifted polyglot and linguist, his Mandarin Primer was one of the most widely used Mandarin Chinese textbooks in the 20th century. He invented the Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization scheme, which, unlike pinyin and other romanization systems, transcribes Mandarin Chinese pronunciation without diacritics or numbers to indicate tones.
Derval O'Rourke
Derval O'Rourke (born 28 May 1981) is an Irish former sprint hurdles athlete. She competed internationally in the 60 and 100 metres hurdles, and is the Irish national record holder in the former. She participated in two Indoor World Championships, five Outdoor World Championships and the 2004, 2008, and 2012 Summer Olympics.

2009 World Championships in Athletics
The 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (German: Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaften 2009) were held in Berlin, Germany from 15 to 23 August 2009. The majority of events took place in the Olympiastadion, while the marathon and racewalking events started and finished at the Brandenburg Gate.
Nuranang Falls
Nuranang Falls (also known as Jang Falls & Bong Bong Falls ), 100 m high waterfall, is located 2 km northeast of the Jang town on the motorable Jang Falls Road in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh state of India. Jang is 40 km southeast of Tawang, north of Sela Tunnel, and between Tawang and Bomdila on NH-13 Trans-Arunachal Highway. Jang Hydal Plant, near the base of fall, is a small hydel plant which generates electricity for local use.

The Nuranang river originates from the Northern slopes of the Sela Pass. Shortly after the waterfall it confluences with the Tawang river.  Nuranang river and Nuranang falls are named after a local Monpa girl named Nura (also spelled as "Noora") who had helped an Indian Army soldier, Rifleman Jaswant Singh Rawat, Maha Vir Chakra (posthumous) in the Battle of Nooranang during the 1962 Sino-Indian War and was later captured by the Chinese PLA forces.

Tawang
Tawang (Tibetan: རྟ་དབང་, Wylie: Rta-dbang) is a town and administrative headquarter of Tawang district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It lies on NH-13 section of Trans-Arunachal Highway. The town was once the headquarter of the Tawang Tract, which is now divided into the Tawang district and the West Kameng district. Tawang continues as the headquarters of the former. Tawang is the number one tourist destination of Arunachal Pradesh.

India occupied Tawang in February 1951 and removed Tibetan administration from the area. China continues to claim Tawang as its territory. It is situated 448 km by road north-west of state capital Itanagar at an elevation of approximately 3,000 metres (10,000 ft). It lies to the north of the Tawang Chu river valley, roughly 10 miles (16 km) south of the Line of Actual Control with China. It is the site of a famous Gelugpa Buddhist Monastery.
Lgovsky Uyezd
Lgovsky Uyezd (Льго́вский уе́зд) was one of the subdivisions of the Kursk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Lgov.

Lgov, Kursk Oblast
Lgov (Russian: Льгов, IPA: [ˈlʲɡof]) is a town in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on both sides of the Seym river (a tributary of the Desna) 80 kilometers (50 mi) west of Kursk and an equal distance from Hlukhiv, Ukraine. Population as of 2021 was 17,557.
Welsh Canadians
Welsh Canadians are Canadian citizens of Welsh descent or Wales-born people who reside in Canada.

According to the 2011 Census, 458,705 Canadians claimed full or partial Welsh descent. This increased to 474,805 in the 2016 Census

Categorically, Welsh Canadians comprise a subgroup of British Canadians which is a further subgroup of European Canadians.

David Thompson (explorer)
David Thompson (30 April 1770 – 10 February 1857) was a British fur trader, surveyor, and cartographer, known to some native people as "Koo-Koo-Sint" or "the Stargazer". Over Thompson's career, he travelled 90,000 kilometres (56,000 mi) across North America, mapping 4.9 million square kilometres (1.9 million square miles) of the continent along the way. For this historic feat, Thompson has been described as the "greatest practical land geographer that the world has produced".: xxxii
Geology of British Columbia
The geology of British Columbia is a function of its location on the leading edge of the North American continent. The mountainous physiography and the diversity of the different types and ages of rock hint at the complex geology, which is still undergoing revision despite a century of exploration and mapping.

The province's most prominent geological features are its mountain ranges, including the North American Cordillera which stretches from Southern Mexico to Alaska.

Cache Creek terrane
The Cache Creek terrane (alternately known as Cache Creek Melange) is a geologic terrane in British Columbia and southern Yukon, Canada.

The Cache Creek terrane consists of Carboniferous to Lower Jurassic volcanic rocks, carbonate rocks, coarse clastic rocks and small amounts of ultramafic rock, chert and argillite.

Three geological formations comprise the Cache Creek Terrane: the Sitlika Assemblage, the Tezzeron succession and the Cache Creek Complex.

This terrane is mentioned in the video Where terranes collide (done in conjunction with Canada's geologic survey).
Simmer and Jack
Simmer and Jack Mines Ltd (until 1924 known as The Simmer & Jack Gold Mining Co. Ltd.) is a South African company which was founded in 1887 by the German August Simmer and Scotsman John Jack, shortly thereafter selling the majority shareholding to Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd. The company was listed until 2013 at the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.

Gold Fields
Gold Fields Limited (formerly The Gold Fields of South Africa) is one of the world's largest gold mining firms. Headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa, the company is listed on both the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The firm was formed in 1998 with the amalgamation of the gold assets of Gold Fields of South Africa Limited and Gencor Limited. The company traces its roots back to 1887, when Cecil Rhodes founded Gold Fields of South Africa Limited. As of 2019, Gold Fields was the world's eighth-largest producer of gold.

The company owns and operates mines in Australia, Chile, Ghana, Peru and South Africa, with one 50:50 JV project in Canada. Growth efforts are focused mainly on the regions where it currently operates and are mainly driven through brownfields exploration on its existing land positions and through mergers and acquisitions in the same regions.