hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geneva, New York
Geneva is a city in Ontario and Seneca counties in the U.S. state of New York. It is at the northern end of Seneca Lake; all land portions of the city are within Ontario County; the water portions are in Seneca County. The population was 12,812 at the 2020 census. The city is supposedly named after the city and canton of Geneva in Switzerland. The main settlement of the Seneca was spelled Zoneshio by early European settlers, and was described as being two miles north of Seneca Lake.

The city borders the town of Geneva and was once a part of it. The city identifies as the "Lake Trout Capital of the World."

Finger Lakes
The Finger Lakes are a group of eleven long, narrow, roughly north–south lakes located in an area called the Finger Lakes region in New York, in the United States. This region straddles the northern and transitional edge of the Northern Allegheny Plateau, known as the Finger Lakes Uplands and Gorges ecoregion, and the Ontario Lowlands ecoregion of the Great Lakes Lowlands.

The geological term finger lake refers to a long, narrow lake in an overdeepened glacial valley, while the proper name Finger Lakes goes back to the late 19th century. Cayuga and Seneca Lakes are among the deepest in the United States, measuring 435 and 618 feet (133 and 188 m), respectively, with bottoms well below sea level. Though none of the lakes' widths exceed 3.5 miles (5.6 km), Seneca Lake is 38.1 miles (61.3 km) long, and at 66.9 square miles (173 km2) is the largest in total area.
Marie Henrieta Chotek
Countess  Henrieta Hermína Rudolfína Ferdinanda Marie Antonie Anna Chotková of Chotkov and Vojnín –  (known as Marie Henrieta Chotek or Marie-Henriette Chotek - Slovak: Mária Henrieta Choteková) - (1863–1946), also known as the countess of roses was a grower of roses, who established the rosarium of Dolná Krupá (Slovakia),

Chotek family
The Chotek family was an old and influential Czech noble family in the Kingdom of Bohemia, whose members occupied many important positions within the Holy Roman Empire and later in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Ghassed
The Ghassed  is a family of guided bombs and missiles developed by Iran.

It is a highly accurate rocket-boosted smart bomb with a range of 100 km (62 mi) and a 900 kg (2,000 lb) warhead, enabling Iranian Air Force to strike HVTs.

Guided bomb
A guided bomb (also known as a smart bomb, guided bomb unit, or GBU) is a precision-guided munition designed to achieve a smaller circular error probable (CEP).

The creation of precision-guided munitions resulted in the retroactive renaming of older bombs as unguided bombs or "dumb bombs".
Treason Act 1547
The Treason Act 1547 (1 Edw. 6. c. 12) was an act of the Parliament of England. It is mainly notable for being the first instance of the rule that two witnesses are needed to prove a charge of treason, a rule which still exists today in the United States Constitution.

Counterfeit
A counterfeit is a fake or unauthorized replica of a genuine product, such as money, documents, designer items, or other valuable goods. Counterfeiting generally involves creating an imitation of a genuine item that closely resembles the original to deceive others into believing it is authentic.

Counterfeit products are often made to take advantage of the higher value of the original product, typically using lower-quality materials or production methods. Counterfeit food, drinks, medicines, and personal care products can contain harmful or inactive ingredients, causing anything from mild issues to serious, life-threatening ones. Counterfeit footwear, clothing, and accessories have been found to contain high levels of lead, arsenic, and phthalates.
2013 Bank of the West Classic
The 2013 Bank of the West Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 42nd edition of the tournament, which was part of the WTA Premier tournaments of the 2013 WTA Tour. It took place in Stanford, California, United States between 22 and 28 July 2013. It was the first event on the 2013 US Open Series.

2013 WTA Tour
The 2013 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2013 tennis season. The 2013 WTA Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation, the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions). Also included in the 2013 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which was organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Labor Notes
Labor Notes is a trade magazine that supports collective bargaining in the United States. It is part of the Labor Education and Research Project, an American non-profit organization and network for rank-and-file union members and grassroots labor activists.

The magazine reports news and analysis about labor activity and issues facing the labor movement. It promotes a revitalization of the labor movement through social movement unionism and union democracy. Labor Notes is based in Detroit, Michigan, with an East Coast office in Brooklyn, New York. It grew from a strategy by labor activists who sought to build grassroots connections across unions and industries. It works to bridge the gap between isolated rank-and-file caucuses and reform groups. The most notable example is Teamsters for a Democratic Union. Its coverage includes major unions such as the Teamsters, the Steelworkers, the United Auto Workers, the Communications Workers of America, and the American Federation of Teachers.

Teamsters for a Democratic Union
Teamsters for a Democratic Union (TDU) is a grassroots rank and file organization whose goal is to reform the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), or Teamsters Union. The organization has chapters nationwide in the United States and Canada.
Vartius
Vartius, located in Kuhmo, Finland, is a border crossing station on the Finnish side of the Finnish–Russian border. The Russian side of the crossing is called Lyttä. Vartius includes both road and rail crossing points.

Kuhmo
Kuhmo (known as Kuhmoniemi until 1937) is a town and a municipality in Finland and is located at the south-eastern corner of the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of 7,413 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 5,456.78 square kilometres (2,106.87 sq mi) of which 649.97 km2 (250.95 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1.54 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.0/sq mi). It shares a border of 120 kilometres (75 mi) with Russia (Finnish-Russian border). Neighbouring towns are Hyrynsalmi, Lieksa, Nurmes, Ristijärvi, Sotkamo and Suomussalmi. A neighbour city across the Russian border is Kostomuksha. Vartius, one of the border crossing points between Finland and Russia, is located in northern Kuhmo.

Kuhmo's eastern border is located at a drainage divider, and the town area is within the drainage basin of Oulujärvi.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Ricky Rountree
Richard Benjamin (Ricky) Rountree (b 1952) was the Church of Ireland Archdeacon of Glendalough from 2009 until 2018.

Rountree was educated at the National University of Ireland and the Church of Ireland Theological College; and ordained in 1977. After curacies at Orangefield and Dublin he was the incumbent in Dalkey from 1983 until 1997. He has been at Powerscourt since 1997; and Treasurer of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin from 2004.

Church of Ireland Theological Institute
The Church of Ireland Theological Institute (formerly the Church of Ireland Theological College) is responsible for ministerial formation and lay training within the Church of Ireland. It is located in Churchtown in Dublin. The Church of Ireland, Representative Church Body (RCB) Library and archives, are also housed on the CITI Campus.
Northern (automobile)
Northern Manufacturing Company was a manufacturer of Brass Era automobiles in Detroit, Michigan, automobiles designed by Charles Brady King. Early advertising included catchy phrases such as "Utility is the Basis for Beauty" and "Built for Business" and the famous "Silent Northern".

Engine configuration
The engine configuration describes the fundamental operating principles by which internal combustion engines are categorized.

Piston engines are often categorized by their cylinder layout, valves and camshafts. Wankel engines are often categorized by the number of rotors present. Gas turbine engines are often categorized into turbojets, turbofans, turboprops and turboshafts.
Sowy, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Sowy [ˈsɔvɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janowiec Kościelny, within Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Janowiec Kościelny, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Nidzica, and 58 km (36 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Janowiec Kościelny
Janowiec Kościelny [jaˈnɔvjɛt͡s kɔɕˈt͡ɕɛlnɨ] is a village in Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Janowiec Kościelny.
1980 Baylor Bears football team
The 1980 Baylor Bears football team represented the Baylor University in the 1980 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The Bears finished the season first in the Southwest Conference. During Mike Singletary's senior season of 1980, Baylor won 10 games for the first time in school history. Throughout his Baylor career, Singletary averaged 15 tackles per game.  After Baylor's 16–0 victory over Texas in the regular season finale, the Longhorns did not suffer another shutout for 24 years, which was one of the longest non-shutout streaks in college football history.

1980 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1980 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1980 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The Longhorns finished the regular season with a 7–4 record and lost to North Carolina in the Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl.
Electoral district of Moreton
The electoral district of Moreton was a Legislative Assembly electorate in the state of Queensland. It was first created in a redistribution ahead of the 1878 colonial election, and existed until the 1912 state election.

Moreton replaced the former district of East Moreton, James Francis Garrick being the last member for East Moreton.

Moreton was abolished in 1912, replaced by the Electoral district of Murrumba.

Electoral district of East Moreton (Queensland)
East Moreton was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland from 1860 to 1878, also known as Moreton from 1874 to 1878.

The district took in the south-east corner of the state, south of Brisbane and Ipswich. It was a dual member electorate from 1860 to 1873 and a single member electorate from 1873 to 1878.
Innovation, Virginia
Innovation is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Prince William County, Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 926.

The CDP is in the central part of the county, bordered to the southeast by the independent city of Manassas. It is bordered to the north by the Bull Run CDP, and to the west by the Linton Hall CDP.

Virginia State Route 234 (Prince William Parkway) runs through the center of the community, leading northwest 4 miles (6 km) to Interstate 66 near Gainesville and southeast 18 miles (29 km) to Interstate 95 at Dumfries. State Route 28 runs along the southern edge of the Innovation CDP, leading east into Manassas and southwest 18 miles (29 km) to U.S. Route 17 at Bealeton.

Bealeton, Virginia
Bealeton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fauquier County, Virginia, United States, at the intersection of U.S. Route 17 and State Route 28. The population was 5,882 at the 2020 census.

Public schools in Bealeton include Grace Miller Elementary, Cedar Lee Middle, and Liberty High School. Bealeton is home to its own post office, with ZIP code 22712.
Pragmatic theory of truth
A pragmatic theory of truth is a theory of truth within the philosophies of pragmatism and pragmaticism. Pragmatic theories of truth were first posited by Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. The common features of these theories are a reliance on the pragmatic maxim as a means of clarifying the meanings of difficult concepts such as truth; and an emphasis on the fact that belief, certainty, knowledge, or truth is the result of an inquiry.

Theories of truth
Theories of truth aim to identify what all truths have in common. They seek to clarify the role and concept of truth and discern its essential features. Different theories disagree about what those features are, whether they depend on the domain of analysis, and whether truth has a substantive definition.
Geistliches Lied
Geistliches Lied (English: "Sacred Song" or "Spiritual Song"), Op. 30, by Johannes Brahms is an 1856 work for four-part mixed chorus accompanied by organ or piano. The composition is in the form of a double canon set to text by Paul Flemming. It was written as part of an exchange of contrapuntal exercises between Brahms and Joseph Joachim, and it was eventually published in 1864.

Jan Swafford
Jan Swafford (born September 10, 1946) is an American author and composer. He earned his Bachelor of Arts magna cum laude from Harvard College and his M.M.A. and D.M.A. from the Yale School of Music. His teachers included Earl Kim at Harvard, Jacob Druckman at Yale, and Betsy Jolas at Tanglewood. He has written respected musical biographies of Charles Ives, Johannes Brahms, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart as well as the Vintage Guide to Classical Music and the introduction to music "Language of the Spirit." His books are widely translated, including editions in Spanish, Chinese, Italian, and Portuguese. He appeared in the award-winning 2018 German documentary The Unanswered Ives.
Lucky Lager
Lucky Lager is an American lager with U.S. brewing and distribution rights held by the Pabst Brewing Company. Originally launched in 1934 by San Francisco-based General Brewing Company, Lucky Lager grew to be one of the prominent beers of the Western United States during the 1950s and 1960s. In 2019, Pabst announced that the beer brand would be revived and would be brewed by 21st Amendment Brewery, based in San Leandro.

Labatt Brewing Company
Labatt Brewing Company Limited (French: La Brasserie Labatt Limitée) is a Anheuser-Busch InBev-owned brewery headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1847, Labatt is the largest brewer in Canada.

In 1995, it was purchased by Belgian brewer Interbrew. In 2004, Interbrew merged with Brazilian brewer AmBev to form InBev. In 2008, InBev merged with American brewer Anheuser-Busch to form Anheuser-Busch InBev (abbreviated as AB InBev), making Labatt part of Anheuser-Busch InBev. On October 10, 2016, an over $100 billion merger between Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller closed. Labatt is now part of the new company, Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, which is trading as BUD on the New York Stock Exchange (ABI:BB in Brussels).

In the United States, Labatt brand beers are sold under license by Labatt USA. Since 2009, it has been fully independent of the Canadian firm; it is a subsidiary of the privately held FIFCO USA of Rochester, New York.
Association of Catholics in Ireland
The Association of Catholics in Ireland (ACI) is a voluntary association of Roman Catholic laity in Ireland. The association was established in November 2012 with the objective of pursuing a reform and renewal agenda in the Irish Catholic Church based on the pastoral teachings of the Second Vatican Council. The Association is organised on an all-island basis and membership is open to all who share its objectives. The views of the association may be contrasted with those who support Traditionalist Catholic positions.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin
The Archdiocese of Dublin (Irish: Ard-Deoise Bhaile Átha Cliath) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or  archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in the eastern part of Ireland. Its archepiscopal see includes the republic's capital city – Dublin. The cathedral church of the archdiocese is St Mary's Cathedral. Dublin was formally recognised as a metropolitan province in 1152 by the Synod of Kells. Its second archbishop, Lorcán Ua Tuathail (Anglicised as St Laurence O'Toole), is also its patron saint.

As of 2021, the incumbent Ordinary and metropolitan of the Metropolitan Province of Dublin is Archbishop Dermot Farrell, who was appointed on 29 December 2020 and installed on 2 February 2021.
Capitolium
A Capitolium (Latin) was an ancient Roman temple dedicated to the Capitoline Triad of gods Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. A capitolium was built on a prominent area in many cities in Italy and the Roman provinces, particularly during the Augustan and Julio-Claudian periods. Most had a triple cella, one for each god.

The first capitolium was on the Capitoline Hill in Rome and was considered the centre of the city, where it meant the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus and afterwards the Latin word was used for the whole hill.

The earliest known example outside of Italy was at Emporion (now Empúries, Spain).

Examples of capitolia are:

Capitolium Vetus (Rome)

Temple of Jupiter (Pompeii)

Capitolium of Minturnae

Capitolium of Ostia Antica

Capitolium of Brixia (Brescia)

Capitolium of Constantinople

Capitoline Temple at Volubilis

Capitolium of Cosa

Capitolium of Brixia
The Capitolium of Brixia or the Temple of the Capitoline Triad in Brescia was the main temple in the center of the Roman town of Brixia (Brescia), in Northern Italy, in the modern region of Lombardy. It is represented at present by fragmentary ruins, but is part of an archeological site, including a Roman theater and museum in central Brescia. It forms part of the Longobards in Italy: Places of Power (568–774 A.D.) UNESCO World Heritage Site inscribed in 2011.
Richard Clough
Sir Richard Clough (c. 1530–1570), known by his Welsh contemporaries as Rhisiart Clwch, was a merchant from Denbigh, north-east Wales, and an agent of Queen Elizabeth I of England.

The title of ‘Sir’ usually attached to his name is from his membership of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre. He did not use it in England after Queen Elizabeth I came to the throne in 1558, as she did not approve of the use of such foreign honours and titles, but the five crosses of the Order featured in his grant of arms.

Thomas Gresham
Sir Thomas Gresham the Elder (/ˈɡrɛʃəm/; c. 1519 – 21 November 1579) was an English merchant and financier who acted on behalf of King Edward VI (1547–1553) and Edward's half-sisters, queens Mary I (1553–1558) and Elizabeth I (1558–1603). In 1565 Gresham founded the Royal Exchange in the City of London.
Arrondissements of the Nièvre department
The 4 arrondissements of the Nièvre department are:

Arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville), (subprefecture: Château-Chinon (Ville)) with 80 communes.  The population of the arrondissement was 27,268 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Clamecy, (subprefecture: Clamecy) with 84 communes.  The population of the arrondissement was 20,156 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire, (subprefecture: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire) with 63 communes.  The population of the arrondissement was 42,206 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Nevers, (prefecture of the Nièvre department: Nevers) with 82 communes.  The population of the arrondissement was 112,787 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville)
The arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville) is an arrondissement of France in the Nièvre department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It has 80 communes. Its population is 27,268 (2021), and its area is 2,168.3 km2 (837.2 sq mi).
Kaikorai Stream
The Kaikorai Stream is a short river which runs through the city of Dunedin, in New Zealand's South Island. The stream has origins in the northwestern suburbs of Dunedin, flowing southwest towards the Kaikorai Lagoon.

Originally named Kaikarae by Ngāi Tahu Māori referencing an event where the stream was a place where petrels were caught and eaten, the stream became highly modified during European settlement, and developed a reputation for poor water quality.

Otago Daily Times
The Otago Daily Times (ODT) is a newspaper published by Allied Media Ltd in Dunedin, New Zealand. The ODT is one of the country's four main daily newspapers, serving the southern South Island with a circulation of around 26,000 and a combined print and digital annual audience of 304,000. Founded in 1861 it is New Zealand's oldest surviving daily newspaper – Christchurch's The Press, six months older, was a weekly paper until March 1863.

Its motto is "Optima Durant" or "Quality Endures".
Åna Prison
Åna Prison (Norwegian: Åna fengsel) is a prison in Hå municipality in Rogaland, Norway. It is one of the largest prisons and has capacity for 219 inmates, 140 in a closed prison and 24 in a department with an open prison. The prison is for male inmates. There is no wall around the prison, but there are still very few escapes. The prison is located approximately an hour's drive south of Stavanger. There is no bus service to the prison. Åna is the largest correctional institution in the Southwestern Region of the Norwegian Correctional Services.

Åna prison is also one of the largest Norwegian governmental owned farms.

Hå
Hå is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is the southernmost municipality in the traditional district of Jæren. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Varhaug. Other villages in Hå include Brusand, Hæen, Nærbø, Obrestad, Ogna, Sirevåg, and Vigrestad.

The 258-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 281st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Hå is the 67th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 19,649. The municipality's population density is 79.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (205/sq mi) and its population has increased by 11.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Kurbet language
Kurbetcha (or Gurbetcha) is a creole language with what appears to be predominantly Domari language vocabulary and Cypriot Turkish grammar, spoken by the Gurbeti of Cyprus and North Cyprus. The Gurbetler have traditionally also spoken Cypriot Turkish. The Gurbetler of Ottoman Cyprus are of mixed ancestry. Muslim Dom people from Ottoman Syria settled there after Siege of Famagusta. The majority settled in the north after 1974. The language is not protected by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, unlike Cypriot Maronite Arabic and Armenian.

Kurbetcha has been very little studied. A dissertation on its linguistics was done by Chryso Pelekani (2018). Children are not learning the language; it has been supplanted by Turkish in the north and Greek in the south.

Cypriot Arabic
Cypriot Arabic (Arabic: العربية القبرصية, Greek: Κυπριακά Αραβικά), also known as Cypriot Maronite Arabic or Sanna (Arabic: سانا, Greek: Σάννα), is a moribund variety of Arabic spoken by the Maronite community of Cyprus. Formerly speakers were mostly situated in Kormakitis, but following the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, the majority relocated to the south and dispersed, leading to the decline of the language. Traditionally bilingual in Cypriot Greek, as of some time prior to 2000, all remaining speakers of Cypriot Arabic were over 30 years of age. A 2011 census reported that, of the 3,656 Maronite Cypriots in Republic of Cyprus-controlled areas, none declared Cypriot Arabic as their first language.