hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glasgow (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each. The constituency of Glasgow was one of them.

Glasgow Maryhill (UK Parliament constituency)
Glasgow Maryhill was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 2005 when it was subsumed into the new Glasgow North and Glasgow North East constituencies. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system.
PNV–EA
The Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity alliance (English for Partido Nacionalista Vasco–Eusko Alkartasuna) was the electoral coalition formed by the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) and Eusko Alkartasuna (EA) to contest local and regional elections in the Basque Country (as PNV–EA) and Navarre (as EA–PNV) between 1999 and 2006. It also contested the 1999 European Parliament election.

PNV and EA, the later of which had split from the former in 1986, reached an electoral coalition agreement on 13 March 1999, in order to counter the electoral ascendance of both the People's Party of the Basque Country and Euskal Herritarrok. The alliance was disbanded after EA's leadership voted on 31 August 2006 not to preserve the coalition ahead of the 2007 local elections.

People's Party of the Basque Country
The People's Party of the Basque Country (Spanish: Partido Popular del País Vasco or Partido Popular de Euskadi, PP; Basque: Euskadiko Alderdi Popularra, EAP) is the regional section of the People's Party of Spain (PP) in the Basque Country. It was formed in 1989 from the re-foundation of the People's Alliance.
Salvia repens
Salvia repens (creeping sage) is a herbaceous perennial native to South Africa (the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, the Free State and the Northern Provinces) and Lesotho, growing at elevations between 1,500 and 8,000 feet in open country and amongst shrubs. It has also adapted to grassland, grassy slopes, and shale banks. It was described and named by botanist George Bentham in 1833, based on a description by William John Burchell, with repens referring to the creeping rootstock.

Salvia repens is small and upright, reaching 2 feet, high with branched erect stems. The slender oblong leaves appear torn on the edges. The 1 foot inflorescence has spaced whorls of 6-8 flowers, which vary in color from purple or deep blue to white. The calyx and leaves have oil glands the give off an herblike fragrance when brushed. In cultivation it can spread rapidly and take over a large area.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
W. Harry Davis
William Harry Davis Sr. (April 12, 1923 – August 11, 2006)  was an American civil rights activist, amateur boxing coach, civic leader, and businessman in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He overcame poverty, childhood polio, and racial prejudice to become a humanitarian. Davis is remembered for his warm and positive personality, for coaching Golden Gloves champions in the upper Midwest, and for managing the Olympics boxing team that won nine gold medals. His contributions to public education in his community are enduring. A leader in desegregation during the Civil Rights Movement, Davis helped Americans find a way forward to racial equality.

Arthur Naftalin
Arthur Naftalin (June 28, 1917 – May 16, 2005) was an American political scientist and politician.  A member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), he served as mayor of Minneapolis from July 3, 1961, to July 6, 1969. He was the first Jewish mayor of Minneapolis.
Ghaziabad Development Authority
The Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA) is a planning authority. The GDA is responsible for planning, development and construction of Housing Projects, Commercial Lands, Land Management as well as providing public facilities like roads, bridges, drains, Underground water reservoir, Community Centers, Sports Centers, Green Belts etc. of Ghaziabad City in Ghaziabad district in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Ghaziabad district
Ghaziabad district (pronounced [ɣaːziːaːˈbaːd̪ ˈzɪla]) is a largely suburban district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. It is also a core part of the National Capital Region.  The city of Ghaziabad is the administrative headquarters of the district. This district is part of Meerut Division. It has become a major bedroom community for Delhi.
1971 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens
The 1971 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens was the eighth edition of the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens cycle race and was held on 19 September 1971. The race started and finished in Leuven. The race was won by Frans Verbeeck.

Tour of Leuven
Tour of Leuven - Memorial Jef Scherens (until 2021 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens) is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in September in Leuven, Belgium. Since 2005, the race is organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour. The race is named after the seven-time professional sprint world champion Jef Scherens.

The local city circuit from the 2021 UCI Road World Championships, hosted in Leuven, was largely based on the circuit that is ridden during the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens.
1976 Swedish Open
The 1976 Swedish Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts held in Båstad, Sweden. It was a Three Star category tournament and part of the Grand Prix circuit. It was the 29th edition of the tournament and was held from 4 July through 11 July 1976. Unseeded Tonino Zugarelli won the singles title.

Swedish Open
The Nordea Open  (sponsored by Nordea) is a professional tennis tournament held in Båstad, Sweden. It is played on outdoor clay courts in July.
The men's event is an ATP Tour 250 tournament. The women's event was an International tournament and successor to the Nordic Light Open in Stockholm, and from 2019 onwards is a WTA 125 series-level tournament.
Ramadas Volcanic Centre
24°08′3″S 66°20′57.1″W﻿ / ﻿24.13417°S 66.349194°W﻿ / -24.13417; -66.349194
Ramadas Volcanic Centre is a volcano in northeastern Argentina. It is the source of a widespread explosive eruption deposit in northeastern Argentina, the Corte Blanco Tuff which was erupted 8.73 ± 0.25 million years ago. Perlite occurs at the volcanic centre and is actively mined.

Explosive eruption
In volcanology, an explosive eruption is a volcanic eruption of the most violent type. A notable example is the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Such eruptions result when sufficient gas has dissolved under pressure within a viscous magma such that expelled lava violently froths into volcanic ash when pressure is suddenly lowered at the vent. Sometimes a lava plug will block the conduit to the summit, and when this occurs, eruptions are more violent. Explosive eruptions can expel as much as 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) per second of rocks, dust, gas and pyroclastic material, averaged over the duration of eruption, that travels at several hundred meters per second as high as 20 km (12 mi) into the atmosphere. This cloud may subsequently collapse, creating a fast-moving pyroclastic flow of hot volcanic matter.
Hymeniini
Hymeniini is a tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Charles Swinhoe in 1900.

Hymeniini comprises five species in two genera:

Hymenia Hübner, 1825 (= Zinckenia Zeller, 1852)
Hymenia lophoceralis (Hampson, 1912)
Hymenia nigerrimalis (Hampson, 1900)
Hymenia perspectalis (Hübner, 1796)

Spoladea Guenée, 1854
Spoladea mimetica Munroe, 1974
Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775)

Spoladea recurvalis
Spoladea recurvalis, the beet webworm moth or Hawaiian beet webworm moth, is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found worldwide, but mainly in the tropics.

The wingspan is 22–24 mm. The moth flies from May to September depending on the location.

The larvae feed on spinach, beet, cotton, maize and soybean. When fully grown, they are about 19 mm long.
McGee Field
McGee Field at Harris Stadium (officially Benjamin Humphreys McGee Field at Eugene O. Harris Stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium located on the campus of Sewanee: The University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee. The venue serves as home of the Sewanee Tigers football, lacrosse, and track and field teams.

It was dedicated as "McGee Field" at homecoming on October 22, 1977. Before then the stadium was known as "Hardee Field", named for Lt. General William J. Hardee of the Confederate States of America. Thus sometimes the field is also called "Hardee-McGee Field". McGee Field is the oldest stadium in the South still in use.

Sewanee: The University of the South
The University of the South, familiarly known as Sewanee (/səˈwɑːni/), is a private Episcopal liberal arts college in Sewanee, Tennessee, United States. It is owned by 28 southern dioceses of the Episcopal Church, and its School of Theology is an official seminary of the church. The campus (officially called "The Domain" or, affectionately, "The Mountain") consists of 13,000 acres (53 km2) of scenic mountain property atop the Cumberland Plateau, with the developed portion occupying about 1,000 acres (4.0 km2).
1972 U.S. Professional Indoor
The 1972 U.S. Professional Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was played at the Spectrum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States that was part of the 1972 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from February 8 through February 13, 1972. Total attendance for the tournament was 57,282. First-seeded Rod Laver won the singles title, his third at the event after 1969 and 1970.

1972 World Championship Tennis circuit
The 1972 World Championship Tennis circuit was one of the two rival professional male tennis circuits of 1972. It was organized by World Championship Tennis (WCT). The circuit included twenty-three regular events, and two circuit finals, one taking place in May, counting for the second half of the 1971 season, and the first part of the 1972 season, and a smaller one taking place in November, counting for the second half of the 1972 season, from July through November.
Andrea Traini
Andrea Traini (born August 23, 1992) is an Italian professional basketball player for Real Sebastiani Rieti of Italian Serie B Basket.

Traini spent the 2019-20 season with Basket Torino, averaging 4.9 points, 2.0 rebounds, and 2.0 assists per game. In 2020, he signed with Real Sebastiani Rieti and averaged 9.1 points, 4.6 assists, 4.0 rebounds, and 2.0 steals per game. Traini re-signed with the team on September 7, 2021.

2011 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship
The 2011 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship was the 14th edition of the FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship. The competition featured 16 teams, held in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain from July 14–24. Spain became a champion for the first time.
Accent lighting
Accent lighting focuses light on a particular area or object. It is often used to highlight art or other artifacts. Common types of light fixtures used for accent lighting include wall sconces, floodlights, recessed lights, torchère lamps, or track lighting. The brighter light from the accent lamp creates visual interest to a room.

Sconce (light fixture)
A sconce or wall light is a decorative light fixture that is mounted to a wall. The sconce is a very old form of fixture, historically used with candles and oil lamps.

They can provide general room lighting, and are common in hallways and corridors, but they may be mostly decorative.  A sconce may be a traditional torch, cresset, candle or gaslight, or a modern electric light source affixed in the same way.
V691 Coronae Australis
X1822–371, associated with the optically visible star V691 Coronae Australis (abbreviated V691 CrA), is a neutron-star X-ray binary system at a distance of approximately 2-2.5 kiloparsecs. It is known to have a high inclination of i = 82.5°± 1.5°. This source displays relatively high brightness in the optical wavelengths when compared to the X-ray, making it a prototypical Accretion Disk Coronae (ADC) source, i.e. a source with a corona extending above and below its accretion disk. The only-partial eclipses in its light curve, even at such a high inclination, support this hypothesis. Estimates of the mass of its neutron star lies between 1.14–2.32 solar masses. The optical spectrum of X1822–371 displays strong Hα, Hβ, He I, He II and Bowen Blend features. These features have been extensively studied using the technique of Doppler tomography.

Keith O. Masson et al. announced that the star is a variable star, in 1979. It was given its variable star designation in 1981.

Variable-star designation
In astronomy, a variable-star designation is a unique identifier given to variable stars.  It extends the Bayer designation format, with an identifying label (as described below) preceding the Latin genitive of the name of the constellation in which the star lies. The identifying label can be one or two Latin letters or a V plus a number (e.g. V399). Examples are R Coronae Borealis, YZ Ceti, V603 Aquilae. (See List of constellations for a list of constellations and the genitive forms of their names.)
2013 BWF season
The 2013 BWF Season was the overall badminton circuit organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) for the 2013 badminton season to publish and promote the sport. Besides the BWF World Championships, BWF promotes the sport of badminton through an extensive worldwide programme of events in four structure levels.  They were the individual tournaments called Super Series, Grand Prix Events, International Challenge and International Series.  Besides the individual tournaments, team events such as Thomas Cup & Uber Cup and Sudirman Cup are held every other year.

The 2013 BWF season calendar comprised the World Championships tournaments, the Sudirman Cup, the BWF Super Series (Super Series, Super Series Premier, Super Series Finals), the Grand Prix (Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix), the International Series (International Series and International Challenge), and Future Series.

Sudirman Cup
The Sudirman Cup is an international badminton mixed team competition contested by member countries of the Badminton World Federation, the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every two years since the inaugural tournament in 1989. It used to be held at the same venue for the World Championships in the same year until the International Badminton Federation, now the BWF, decided to split the two tournaments starting from 2003. There are five matches in every Sudirman Cup tie which consists of men and women's singles, men and women's doubles, and mixed doubles. The cup is named after Sudirman (1922–1986), a former Indonesian badminton player. The current champion is China, which won its 14th title at the 2025 tournament in China.

There is no prize money in Sudirman Cup; players play for their respective countries and to earn BWF World Ranking points and national prestige.
Luis Lasso de la Vega
Luis Laso de la Vega (or Luis Lasso de la Vega) was a 17th-century Mexican priest and lawyer. He is known chiefly as the author of the Huei tlamahuiçoltica ("The Great Happening"), an account published in 1649 which contains a narrative describing the reported apparition of the Virgin Mary before Saint Juan Diego in 1531, some 117 years earlier. The account describes the appearance of the apparition now known as Our Lady of Guadalupe to Juan Diego (an indigenous convert to Roman Catholicism, whose original pre-conversion name is given as Cuauhtlatoatzin) at the hill of Tepeyac. The book was written in the Nahuatl language.

Tepeyac
Tepeyac or the Hill of Tepeyac, historically known by the names Tepeyacac and Tepeaquilla, is located inside Gustavo A. Madero, the northernmost Alcaldía or borough of Mexico City.  According to the Catholic tradition, it is the site where Saint Juan Diego met the Virgin of Guadalupe in December 1531, and received the iconic image of the Lady of Guadalupe. The Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe located there is one of the most visited Catholic shrines in the world.
Spanish colonists erected a Catholic chapel at the site, Our Lady of Guadalupe, "the place of many miracles.": 363  It forms part of the Sierra de Guadalupe mountain range.
Daniel Oerther
Daniel Barton Oerther (born October 11, 1972) is an American professor. He is best known for articulating Environmental Engineering 3.0. Through his leadership bridging engineering and nursing, Oerther has advanced environmental health practice through science diplomacy to solve the problems of planetary health. His early discovery research used 16S ribosomal RNA-targeted techniques for fundamental studies of the ecology of bacteria in engineered and natural systems. His applied practice promotes transdisciplinarity among engineers, nurses, and sanitarians to improve access to clean water, nutritious food, efficient energy use, and financial services in developing communities. In the classroom, laboratory, and through problem-based learning, Oerther practices innovation in the scholarship of teaching and learning, including modified mastery learning.

Chartered Institute of Environmental Health
The Chartered Institute of Environmental Health (CIEH) is a professional membership body concerned with environmental health and promoting standards in the training and education of environmental health professionals.
Edwin Sydney Stuart
Edwin Sydney Stuart (December 28, 1853 – March 21, 1937) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Philadelphia from 1891 to 1895 and as the 24th governor of Pennsylvania from 1907 to 1911.

Mayor of Philadelphia
The mayor of Philadelphia is the chief executive of the government of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
as stipulated by the Charter of the City of Philadelphia. The current mayor of Philadelphia is Cherelle Parker, who is the first woman to hold the position.
AL postcode area
The AL postcode area, also known as the St Albans postcode area, is a group of ten postcode districts in England, within five post towns. These cover central Hertfordshire, including St Albans, Harpenden, Welwyn, Welwyn Garden City and Hatfield.

Mail for this area is processed at the Home Counties North Mail Centre in Hemel Hempstead, and is delivered from offices at St Albans (Brick Knoll Park AL1), Harpenden (Station Road AL5), and Hatfield (Town Centre AL10). The area covered includes most of the St Albans and Welwyn Hatfield districts, plus the northeastern part of the Dacorum district and very small parts of the Hertsmere, North Hertfordshire and East Hertfordshire districts.

Welwyn
Welwyn /ˈwɛlɪn/ ⓘ is a village and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England. The parish also includes the nearby villages and settlements of Digswell, Mardley Heath and Oaklands. The village is sometimes referred to as Old Welwyn or Welwyn Village, to distinguish it from the much newer and larger settlement of Welwyn Garden City, about a mile to the south.  Welwyn Garden City residents often refer to their town as Welwyn, causing them to call the village by the name of Old Welwyn to make a distinction.  Residents of the village usually refer to it as Welwyn, or sometimes Welwyn Village to make a distinction.
The Dickey Club
The Dickey Club, often referred to as simply “The Dickey” (sometimes spelled “Dickie”), was a private social club at Harvard University, originally founded in 1851 as a chapter of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. The Club included members such as former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, and financier J.P. Morgan Jr. The Dickey merged with the Institute of 1770 forming the "Institute of 1770, D. K. E.", only to be absorbed by the Hasty Pudding Club in 1924.

Skull and Bones
Skull and Bones (also known as The Order, Order 322 or The Brotherhood of Death) is an American undergraduate senior secret student society at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Skull and Bones is considered one of the "Big Three" and "Ancient Eight" at Yale University. The oldest senior-class society at the university, Skull and Bones has become a cultural institution known for its powerful alumni and conspiracy theories.
Difference (philosophy)
Difference is a key concept of philosophy, denoting the process or set of properties by which one entity is distinguished from another within a relational field or a given conceptual system. In the Western philosophical system, difference is traditionally viewed as being opposed to identity, following the Principles of Leibniz, and in particular, his Law of the identity of indiscernibles. In structuralist and poststructuralist accounts, however, difference is understood to be constitutive of both meaning and identity. In other words, because identity (particularly, personal identity) is viewed in non-essentialist terms as a construct, and because constructs only produce meaning through the interplay of differences (see below), it is the case that for both structuralism and poststructuralism, identity cannot be said to exist without difference.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Ensemble Musikfabrik
The Ensemble Musikfabrik (music factory ensemble) is an ensemble for contemporary classical music located in Cologne. Their official name is Ensemble Musikfabrik Landesensemble NRW e.V. (Ensemble Musikfabrik of the state of  North Rhine-Westphalia, registered association).

Asko/Schönberg
Asko|Schönberg is a Dutch music ensemble that specialises in contemporary classical music, especially that of the 21st century. It was formed by a merging of the Asko Ensemble and the Schönberg Ensemble in 2009. On 4 September 2025 the ensemble changed its name to Het Muziek.
Emil du Bois-Reymond
Emil Heinrich du Bois-Reymond (7 November 1818 – 26 December 1896) was a German physiologist, the co-discoverer of nerve action potential, and the developer of experimental electrophysiology. His lectures on science and culture earned him great esteem during the latter half of the 19th century.

Prussian Academy of Sciences
The Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences  (German: Königlich-Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften) was an academy established in Berlin, Germany on 11 July 1700, four years after the Prussian Academy of Arts, or "Arts Academy," to which "Berlin Academy" may also refer.  In the 18th century, when French was the language of science and culture, it was a French-language institution.