hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Issues of Life: Features and Remixes
Issues of Life: Features and Remixes is a compilation album by American jazz musician and singer Gregory Porter.

Issues of Life: Features and Remixes was released after Grammy-winning Liquid Spirit (2013). The album brings together disparate tracks recorded prior to signing contract with Blue Note Records and "displays much of what has made him such a jazz superstar".

Liquid Spirit
Liquid Spirit is the third studio album by American jazz musician Gregory Porter. It was released through Blue Note Records on September 2, 2013. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album in 2014. The record also produced six singles.
2021 Malaysia Cup knockout stage
The 2021 Malaysia Cup knockout stage began on 14 November and ended on 30 November 2021 with the final at the Bukit Jalil National Stadium in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to decide the champions of the 2021 Malaysia Cup. A total of 8 teams competed in the knockout stage.

The top two teams from every four groups from the group stage advancing to the knockout stage beginning with the quarter-finals followed by the semi-finals and the final. This stage will be played in two legs except for the finals which is played once.

2021 Malaysia Cup
The 2021 Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia 2021) was the 95th edition of Malaysia Cup tournament organised by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM) and the Malaysian Football League (MFL).

The defending champions were Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won it in the 2019 edition, as the 2020 edition was cancelled midway during the tournament due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. In the final, they lost 2–0 to Kuala Lumpur City, who won their fourth title. As winners, Kuala Lumpur City qualified for the 2022 AFC Cup.
Muadamiyat al-Sham
Muadamiyat al-Sham (Arabic: المعضمية الشام, romanized: al-Muʿaḍḍamīyah ash-Shām; also spelled Moadamiyet al-Sham, Moadamiya or Moadamiyah) is a town in southern Syria, administratively a part of the Darayya District in the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located approx. 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) southwest of Damascus, within an area called the Western Ghouta.  Nearby localities include the centre of Darayya to the east, Jdeidat Artouz and Sahnaya to the south, and Qudsaya to the north. The town is "famed for its olive orchards".

Qudsaya
Qudsaya (Arabic: قدسيا, romanized: Qudsayā) is a Syrian city in Rif Dimashq Governorate and the administrative centre of Qudsaya District. The city is located on the western slope of Mount Qasioun, 7 km west of Damascus. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qudsaya had a population of 33,571 in the 2004 census. Adjacent to the town is the modern suburb of Dahiyat Qudsaya.
1904 Campeonato de Madrid
The 1904 Campeonato de Madrid (English: 1904 Madrid Championship) was the 2nd staging of the Regional Championship of Madrid, formed to designate the champion of the region.

The 1904 Campeonato de Madrid served as a qualifier to determine who would represent the Community of Madrid in the 1904 Copa del Rey. Originally, Madrid was to be represented by the winner of a preliminary round between Club Español de Madrid and Madrid-Moderno (a merger of Madrid FC and Moderno FC). Then two more teams from Madrid, Moncloa FC and Iberia Football Club, were admitted in the competition, forcing a change to the schedule.

1904 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey 1904 was the second staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.

The competition was played in 1904 in Madrid. It was notable for its chaotic development and the fact that Athletic Bilbao won the trophy without playing a game.
Guruvayur Satyagraha
Guruvayur Satyagraha took place in 1931–32 and was a Satyagraha (non-violent protest) in the present-day Thrissur district, which was then part of Ponnani Taluk of Malabar district, now part of Kerala, India. It was an effort to allow entry for Marginalised communities into the Guruvayur Temple.

Satyagraha
Satyāgraha or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) as early as 1919.
Gandhi practised satyagraha as part of the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social-justice and similar movements.
Moranopteris aphelolepis
Moranopteris aphelolepis is a species of grammitid fern in the family Polypodiaceae. It is endemic to the Andes Mountains, in Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia.  Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Grammitidoideae
Grammitidoideae is a subfamily of the fern family Polypodiaceae, whose members are informally known as grammitids. It comprises a clade of about 750 species. They are distributed over higher elevations in both the Old and New World.  This group was previously treated as a separate family, Grammitidaceae until molecular phylogenies showed it to be nested within the Polypodiaceae. It has since been treated as an unranked clade within subfamily Polypodioideae (renamed tribe Polypodieae in one classification), and, most recently, as a separate subfamily (reducing Polypodioideae to an evolutionary grade).
2025 World Para Swimming Championships – Men's 100 metre freestyle
The men's 100 metre freestyle events at the 2025 World Para Swimming Championships were held at the Singapore Aquatic Centre between 21 and 27 September 2025. Racing will occur over eleven classifications.

2025 World Para Swimming Championships
The 2025 World Para Swimming Championships, known as the Toyota World Para Swimming Championships for sponsorship reasons were the 13th edition of the World Para Swimming Championships, an international swimming competition and world championships for swimmers with disabilities. It was held in Singapore from 21 to 27 September 2025. This was the first time that an Asian country has hosted the World Para Swimming Championships.

The event was organised by the Singapore Disability Sports Council (SDSC) and took place at the 50m x 10 lane competition pool at the OCBC Aquatic Centre within the Singapore Sports Hub. The venue is home to Singapore Swimming Association and was the host venue for the aquatics discipline at the 28th Southeast Asian Games in 2015.

Toyota Asia was the headline sponsor of the Championships for the first time.
Ivan Gorokhov
Ivan Lavrentievich Gorokhov (Russian: Ива́н Лавре́нтьевич Горо́хов; 23 January 1863, Beli, Moscow Governorate - 6 October 1934, Mozhaysk) was a Russian genre and landscape painter; associated with the Peredvizhniki.

Peredvizhniki
Peredvizhniki (Russian: передви́жники, IPA: [pɪrɪˈdviʐnɪkɪ]), often called The Wanderers or The Itinerants in English, were a group of Russian realist artists who formed an artists' cooperative in protest of academic restrictions; it evolved into the Society for Travelling Art Exhibitions, in short Peredvizhniks, in 1870.
Gmina Skąpe
Gmina Skąpe is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Skąpe, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-west of Świebodzin, 24 km (15 mi) north of Zielona Góra, and 67 km (42 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The gmina covers an area of 181.28 square kilometres (70.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,067.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Gryżyna Landscape Park.

Świebodzin
Świebodzin (Polish: [ɕfjɛˈbɔd͡ʑin]; German: Schwiebus) is a town in western Poland with 20,744 inhabitants (2024). It is the capital of Świebodzin County in Lubusz Voivodeship.

Świebodzin is an important transportation hub, lying at the crossroads of the Polish national roads 2 and 3. The A2 motorway and S3 expressway cross near the town. Świebodzin is located 39 km (24 mi) northeast of Zielona Góra, one of the two voivodeship's capitals, 195 km (121 mi) northwest of Wrocław and 110 km (68 mi) west of Poznań; 70 km (43 mi) east of the German border and 130 km (81 mi) east of Berlin. The crowned statue of Christ in Świebodzin, completed in November 2010, is one of the world's tallest statues of Jesus.
Family tree of Mahidharapura monarchs
Mahidharapura Dynasty (Khmer: រាជត្រកូលមហិធរៈបុរៈ; Thai: ราชวงศ์มหิธรปุระ; Roman: House of Mahidharapura, Mahidra pura) Family of Mahidharpura, some sources call Mahitarapura dynasty or Khom royal family. The Mahidharapura dynasty of the Varman dynasty was established by Hiranyavarman and was known after the accession of Jayavarman VI in 1080. Its ancestor was Hiranyavarman of the royal family ruling Bhimapura.

Khom
Khom (Thai: ขอม, pronounced [kʰɔ̌ːm]) is a Thai- and Lao-language term referring to the people and civilization of the ancient Khmer Empire. Its use is recorded as early as the 12th century, though its exact meaning—whether it refers to a specific empire, a certain historical period, or the Khmer people in general—has been unclear throughout history. From 20th century onwards the term has been commonly leveraged for anti-Khmer sentiment and historical negationism in Thai nationalist discourse.
Kushalnagar Assembly constituency
Kushalnagar Assembly constituency (also known as Fraserpet) was a constituency of the Mysore Legislative Assembly (part of Coorg Legislative Assembly till 31 October 1956). The lone election to this constituency was conducted in 1952 to the legislature of the Coorg State (Kodagu) in India. The constituency included Kushalanagar. This seat was included to Mysore Legislative Assembly in 1956 during the reorganisation of the Indian States based along linguistic lines, the state of Coorg (Kodagu) was merged with Mysore State.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Reformation in Sweden
The Reformation in Sweden is generally regarded as having begun in 1527 during the reign of King Gustav I of Sweden, but the process was slow and was not definitively decided until the Uppsala Synod of 1593, in the wake of an attempted Counter-Reformation during the reign of John III (1568–1592).

The Swedish Reformation caused the Church of Sweden to break with the Roman Catholic Church. It is considered to mark the end of the Swedish Middle Ages. The Reformation resulted in both Sweden and Finland becoming Protestant countries, as the latter formed an integral part of Sweden at the time.

History of Sweden (800–1521)
Swedish pre-history ends around 800 AD, when the Viking Age begins and written sources are available. During the following centuries, Sweden gradually consolidated as a single nation. The Viking Age lasted until the mid-11th century. Scandinavia was formally Christianized by 1100 AD. The period 1050 to 1350—when the Black Death struck Europe—is considered the Older Middle Ages. The period from 1350 to 1523 is considered the Younger Middle Ages. The Kalmar Union between the Scandinavian countries was established in 1397 and lasted until King Gustav Vasa ended it upon seizing power during the Swedish War of Liberation, which concluded in 1523.
History of polymerase chain reaction
(This article assumes familiarity with the terms and components used in the PCR process.)

The history of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has variously been described as a classic "Eureka!" moment, or as an example of cooperative teamwork between disparate researchers.  Following is a list of events before, during, and after its development:

Klenow fragment
The Klenow fragment is a large protein fragment produced when DNA polymerase I (Pol I) from E. coli is enzymatically cleaved by the protease subtilisin.  First reported in 1970, it retains the 5' → 3' polymerase activity and the 3’ → 5’ exonuclease activity for removal of precoding nucleotides and proofreading, but loses its 5' → 3' exonuclease activity.

The other smaller fragment formed when DNA polymerase I from E. coli is cleaved by subtilisin retains the 5' → 3' exonuclease activity but does not have the other two activities exhibited by the Klenow fragment (i.e. 5' → 3' polymerase activity, and 3' → 5' exonuclease activity).
NGC 890
NGC 890 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Triangulum. It is estimated to be 180 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 130,000 ly. NGC 890 was discovered on September 13, 1784 by Wilhelm Herschel.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Henry Vesey-FitzGerald, 3rd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey
Henry Vesey-FitzGerald, 3rd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey (19 December 1786 – 30 March 1860), was an Irish Dean in the middle of the 19th century.

Vesey-FitzGerald was born on 19 December 1786, the youngest son of James Fitzgerald and Catherine Vesey, created Baroness FitzGerald and Vesey in 1826. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin.

He held incumbencies at Castlerahan, County Cavan and then Ballintemple, Cork. He was Dean of Emly from 1818 until 1825, when he became Dean of Kilmore, a position he held until his death on 30 March 1860 at Danesfort, County Cavan. He succeeded to the barony of FitzGerald and Vesey in 1843 following the death of his brother William Vesey-FitzGerald, 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey; the title became extinct on his death.

William Vesey-FitzGerald, 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey
William Vesey-FitzGerald, 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey, PC, PC (Ire), FRS, FSA (24 July 1783 – 11 May 1843) was an Anglo-Irish statesman. A Tory, he served in the governments of Lord Wellington and Robert Peel, but is best known for his defeat in the 1828 Clare by-election, hastening Catholic Emancipation across Britain and Ireland.
Second Battle of Chattanooga
The Second Battle of Chattanooga took place during the American Civil War, beginning on August 21, 1863, as the opening battle in the Chickamauga Campaign. The larger and more famous battles were the Battles for Chattanooga (generally referred to as the Battle of Chattanooga) in November 1863.

Chickamauga campaign
The Chickamauga campaign of the American Civil War was a series of battles fought in northwestern Georgia from August 21 to September 20, 1863, between the Union Army of the Cumberland and Confederate Army of Tennessee. The campaign started successfully for Union commander William S. Rosecrans, with the Union army occupying the vital city of Chattanooga and forcing the Confederates to retreat into northern Georgia. But a Confederate attack at the Battle of Chickamauga forced Rosecrans to retreat back into Chattanooga and allowed the Confederates to lay siege to the Union forces.
The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún
The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún is a book containing two narrative poems and related texts composed by English writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It was published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and HarperCollins on 5 May 2009.

The two poems that make up most of the book were probably written during the 1930s, and were inspired by the legend of Sigurd and the fall of the Niflungs in Norse mythology. Both poems are in a form of alliterative verse inspired by the traditional verse of the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century. Christopher Tolkien has added copious notes and commentary on his father's work.

Grimhild
In Norse mythology, Grimhild or Grímhildr ("masked battle") was a beautiful but evil sorceress who was married to king Gjúki of Burgundy in the Völsunga saga where she is the mother of three sons, Gunnar, Hǫgni and Guthormr, and a daughter, Gudrun. Other, similar characters of that name also appear in Illuga saga Gríðarfóstr and in Gríms saga loðinkinna.
Thapsia garganica
Thapsia garganica, the italian thapsia, deadly carrots, or drias plant, is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae. It is a perennial native to the Mediterranean Basin, including Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.

Two subspecies are accepted.

Thapsia garganica subsp. garganica – Algeria, Greece, Italy, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia, and Turkey

Thapsia garganica subsp. messanensis (Guss.) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pasta, Pavone & Salmeri – Sicily

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Geoffrey Baumann
Geoffrey Baumann is an American visual effects artist. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Visual Effects for the film Black Panther: Wakanda Forever.

At the 72nd British Academy Film Awards, he won a BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects for the film Black Panther. His win was shared with Jesse James Chisholm, Craig Hammack and Dan Sudick.

Dan Sudick
Dan Sudick is a special effects supervisor. Sudick and his fellow visual effects artists were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World, War of the Worlds, Iron Man, Iron Man 2, The Avengers, Iron Man 3, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Avengers: Infinity War, Avengers: Endgame, Free Guy, Spider-Man: No Way Home and Black Panther: Wakanda Forever.
HMS Scorpion (1803)
HMS Scorpion was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by John King at Dover and launched in 1803. She was the first of the class to be built since the launching of Cruizer in 1797. Scorpion had a long and active career during the Napoleonic Wars, earning her crews three clasps to the Naval General Service Medal when the Admiralty authorized it in 1847, two for single-ship actions. She also took a number of prizes. Scorpion was sold in 1819.

HMS Cruizer (1797)
HMS Cruizer (often Cruiser) was a Royal Navy Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by Stephen Teague of Ipswich and launched in 1797. She was the first ship of the class, but there was a gap of 5 years between her launch and the ordering of the next batch in October 1803; by 1815 a total of 105 other vessels had been ordered to her design. She had an eventful wartime career, mostly in the North Sea, English Channel and the Baltic, and captured some 15 privateers and warships, and many merchant vessels. She also participated in several actions. She was laid up in 1813 and the Commissioners of the Navy sold her for breaking in 1819.
Christopher Tunnard
Arthur Coney Tunnard (1910 in Victoria, British Columbia – 1979), later known as Christopher Tunnard, was a Canadian-born landscape architect, garden designer, city-planner, and author of Gardens in the Modern Landscape (1938).

Garden designer
A garden designer is someone who designs the plan and features of gardens, either as an amateur or professional. The compositional elements of garden design and landscape design are: terrain, water, planting, constructed elements and buildings, paving, site characteristics and genius loci, and the local climatic qualities.
Rahumäe Cemetery
Rahumäe Cemetery (Estonian: Rahumäe kalmistu) is a cemetery located at Rahumäe in Nõmme District, Tallinn, Estonia. This municipal cemetery was established in 1903 on 29 hectares of land to meet the needs of the growing population of Tallinn. A number of congregations are present including a Jewish section established in 1911. This forested cemetery is notable for its many works by famous sculptures and chapels present within its grounds.

Kristjan Raud
Kristjan Raud (22 October 1865, Kirikuküla, Vinni Parish – 19 May 1943, Tallinn) was an Estonian symbolist painter and illustrator who was one of the founders of the Estonian National Museum. Folklore elements figure heavily in his subject matter and his style is reminiscent of Primitivism.
Haginoo Kofun
The Haginoo Kofun (萩ノ尾古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Higashihagio neighborhood of the city of Ōmuta, Fukuoka Prefecture Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1961. It is the only survivor of what was once known as the Shobara Kofun Cluster.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Dylan Hartley
Dylan Hartley (born 24 March 1986) is a former rugby union player who represented England and Northampton Saints.

Hartley was the captain of England from January 2016 until the end of his international career in 2019. Earning his first cap in 2008, he formerly held the record for the most capped England hooker ever before being overtaken by Jamie George in 2025. Hartley captained England to a Grand Slam in 2016, the first time that England had achieved this since 2003, then back-to-back Six Nations titles and notably a historic 3-0 series win in the 2016 Cook Cup against Australia. In 14 domestic seasons with Northampton Saints Hartley captained the Saints for 8 years through their most successful period in the club’s 130-year history.

2008–09 European Challenge Cup
The 2008–09 European Challenge Cup was the 13th season of the European Challenge Cup, the annual rugby union European club competition for clubs from six nations in European rugby. It started in October 2008 and ended with the final at the Twickenham Stoop in London on 22 May 2009, in which Northampton Saints defeated Bourgoin 15–3. With the win, the Saints not only claimed the trophy, but also won a berth in the 2009–10 Heineken Cup.