hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis Terrenoire
Louis Terrenoire (French pronunciation: [lwi tɛʁnwaʁ]; 10 November 1908, Lyon – 9 January 1992) was a French politician from Union for the New Republic. He was Member of Parliament for Orne's 1st constituency and served as Minister of Information between 1960 and 1961.

Minister of Information (France)
The Minister of Information (French: Ministre de l'information) was the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of Information. It was a position in the Government of France from 1938 to 1974 and no longer exists.
Gyland (municipality)
Gyland is a former municipality in the old Vest-Agder county, Norway.  The 182-square-kilometre (70 sq mi) municipality was located in the northeastern part of the present-day municipality of Flekkefjord in what is now Agder county.  The municipality existed very briefly from 1838 until 1839 and then it was re-created in 1893 and it existed until 1965.  The administrative centre was the village of Gyland where Gyland Church is located.

Gyland
Gyland is a village in the municipality of Flekkefjord in Agder county in Norway. It is located in the northeastern part of Flekkefjord along the river Gylandselva, just a short distance north of the lake Kumlevollvatnet. The Sørlandet Line runs just south of the village, stopping at Gyland Station. The local village church, Gyland Church, was located in the village until 1929 when it was moved about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southwest. Now a small chapel is located in Gyland where the old church was once standing.
Rubus canescens
Rubus canescens is a European and Middle Eastern species of brambles in the rose family. It grows in southern and central Europe and in southwestern Asia from Portugal to Iran, north as far as Germany, Poland, and Ukraine.

The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
Palouš
Palouš (feminine: Paloušová) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jan Palouš (1888–1971), Czechoslovak ice hockey player

Martin Palouš (born 1950), Czech diplomat

Radim Palouš (1924–2015), Czech dissident

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
Curry Hill Plantation
The Curry Hill Plantation near Bainbridge, Georgia is a plantation begun in 1842 by Duncan Curry.  It was several thousand acres in size, and was a stage coach stop on the stage coach line between Thomasville and Bainbridge.  The Curry family lived in a log house at first, then in the 1850s lived in the former stage coach house while the main plantation house which stands today was built.  The main house was built in the 1850s and includes Greek Revival elements.

The remaining property is 400 acres (160 ha) in size.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Bainbridge, Georgia
Bainbridge is a city in Decatur County, Georgia, United States. The city is the county seat of Decatur County. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 14,468, up from 12,697 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Bainbridge, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area and a principal city in the Tallahassee—Bainbridge, FL-GA Combined Statistical Area.
Deaths in December 1981
The following is a list of notable deaths in December 1981.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Russ Manning
Russell George Manning (January 5, 1929 – December 1, 1981) was an American comic book artist who created the series Magnus, Robot Fighter and illustrated such newspaper comic strips as Tarzan and Star Wars. He was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2006.
Mubariz Khan (Bengal)
Mubāriz Khān (Bengali: মুবারিজ খান, Persian: مبارز خان) was a Mughal Empire commander during the reign of emperor Jahangir. He took part in many battles against the rebel Baro-Bhuiyans of Bengal. He also served as officer of Fort Jatrapur and later as the Sardar of Sylhet Sarkar.

Thana
Thana means "station" or "place" in South Asian countries. The word thana originates from the Sanskrit word sthana or "sthanak", meaning "place" or "stand", which was anglicized as thana by the British.

Thanas of Bangladesh, former subdistricts in the administrative geography of Bangladesh; later renamed upazila

in (British) Indian history, a thana was a group of princely states deemed too small to perform all functions separately

Thane is a city named after the word sthana (station), and is located in the Konkan division, a province of India

Thana Bhawan (lit. 'station house'), also known simply as Thana, is a town in Uttar Pradesh, India
Campaign finance reform amendment
A campaign finance reform amendment refers to any proposed amendment to the United States Constitution to authorize greater restrictions on spending related to political speech, and to overturn Supreme Court rulings which have narrowed such laws under the First Amendment. Several amendments have been filed since Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission and the Occupy movement.

American Promise (organization)
American Promise is a non-profit, non-partisan organization that, since its founding in 2016, has advocated for ratifying an amendment to the United States Constitution that would allow the states and U.S. Congress to decide whether and how to regulate campaign spending in elections.
1997 The Winston
The 1997 edition of The Winston was a stock car racing competition that took place on May 17, 1997. Held at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina, the 70-lap race was an exhibition race in the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series. Bill Elliott of Bill Elliott Racing won the pole. Bobby Labonte of Joe Gibbs Racing led the most laps with 17 of the 70 laps. Jeff Gordon of Hendrick Motorsports won the race and claimed his second All-Star Race win in a car that was nicknamed "T-Rex" after its Jurassic Park: The Ride paint scheme. The car was deemed controversial at the time due to its dominant performance in the race that NASCAR banned it from being used in further races.

1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 49th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 26th modern-era NASCAR Cup series. It began on February 9 and ended on November 16. Jeff Gordon of Hendrick Motorsports won his second Cup championship at the end of the season.
Jaljala Rural Municipality
Jaljala (Nepali: जलजला गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality in Parbat District of Gandaki Province, of Nepal. It was mapped by merging the pre-existing rural development committees of Parbat District including Baskharka, Mallaj Majhphant, Lekhphant, Dhairing, Nagliwang, Banau and Salija.

The total population of this rural municipality is 21,454. Its area is 82.26 km square. The main office is located at the pre-existing head office of Mallaj Majhphant. The rural municipality is divided into 9 wards. The neighboring local authorities includes Modi rural municipality in the east, Myagdi and Parbat districts in the west, Myagdi District in the north and Kusma municipality and Baglung District in the south.

Salija
Salija  is a village development committee in Parbat District in the Dhawalagiri Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2690 people living in 535 individual households.
2008 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2008 EHF European Men's Handball Championship (8th tournament) was held in Norway from 17 to 27 January, in the cities of Bergen, Drammen, Lillehammer, Stavanger and Trondheim. Denmark won the tournament with Croatia second and France third. This was the first time Denmark won a major international tournament.

European Men's Handball Championship
The European Men's Handball Championship is the official competition for senior men's national handball teams of Europe and takes place every two years since 1994, in the even-numbered year between the World Championship. In addition to crowning the European champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the Olympic Games and World Championship. The most successful team is Sweden who have won five titles. Spain and Denmark, however, have won most medals.
Cypress Lakes High School
Cypress Lakes High School is a secondary school located in an unincorporated area in Harris County, Texas, near Houston and with a Katy postal address. Cypress Lakes, originally named Cypress-Fairbanks Independent School District High School #10, is part of the Cypress-Fairbanks Independent School District and serves students in grades 9-12. It was built along with Cypress Ranch High School and opened in fall 2008. Cypress Lakes relieve the population of Cypress Falls High School, Cypress Springs High School, and Langham Creek High School.

Langham Creek High School
Langham Creek High School is a high school located in an unincorporated area in Harris County, Texas, United States, near Houston. Langham Creek, which was established in 1984, is part of the Cypress Fairbanks Independent School District. Several communities, including Concord Bridge, Westgate, Northglen, Copper Lakes, and parts of the Copperfield subdivision, are zoned to the school.

The mascot is the "lobo", Spanish for "wolf", and the school's motto is "The Power of the Pack is the Lobo. The Power of the Lobo is the Pack."  The mascot may have been selected as an homage to the red wolves that were hunted for bounty in the area during the 1950s and 1960s.  Carcasses of the wolves were strung along the fences at the nearby intersection of FM 529 and State Highway 6, which became known as Wolf Corner.
Silver nitride
Silver nitride is an explosive chemical compound with symbol Ag3N. It is a black, metallic-looking solid which is formed when silver oxide or silver nitrate is dissolved in concentrated solutions of ammonia, causing formation of the diammine silver complex which subsequently breaks down to Ag3N. The standard free energy of the compound is about +315 kJ/mol, making it an endothermic compound which decomposes explosively to metallic silver and nitrogen gas.

Silver nitrate
Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO3. It is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography. It is far less sensitive to light than the halides. It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by ancient alchemists who associated silver with the moon. In solid silver nitrate, the silver ions are three-coordinated in a trigonal planar arrangement.
KMFM West Kent
KMFM West Kent is an Independent Local Radio serving the towns of Sevenoaks, Tonbridge and Royal Tunbridge Wells plus the surrounding areas of the South East of England. It is the West Kent region of the KMFM radio network (owned by the KM Group), containing local advertisements and sponsorships for the area amongst a countywide schedule of programming.

Tonbridge
Tonbridge (/ˈtʌnbrɪdʒ/ TUN-brij) (historic spelling Tunbridge) is a market town in Kent, England, on the River Medway, 4 miles (6 km) north of Royal Tunbridge Wells, 12 miles (19 km) south west of Maidstone and 29 miles (47 km) south east of London. In the administrative borough of Tonbridge and Malling, it had an estimated population of 41,293 in 2019.
Siphofaneni
Siphofaneni is a town in the Lubombo Region of central Eswatini (Swaziland), 45 kilometres from Manzini and 20 kilometres from Big Bend, a major sugarcane-producing town on the main highway leading to Durban. It has a tropical climate, very hot during summer and cold in winter. Malaria is endemic in Lubombo. Siphofaneni has hot springs and is surrounded by several sugarcane farms. It is located on the banks of the largest river in Swaziland, the Usutu.

Manzini
Manzini (formerly Bremersdorp) is a large city in Eswatini, which is also the city of Eswatini's Manzini Region. The city is the country's second  largest urban center behind the capital Mbabane, with a population of 110,000 (2008). It is known as "The Hub" of Eswatini and lies on the MR3 road. Eswatini's primary industrial site at Matsapha lies near the town's western border.
Dihydrolevoglucosenone
Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) is a bicyclic, chiral, seven-membered heterocyclic cycloalkanone which is a waste derived and fully biodegradable aprotic dipolar solvent. It is an environmentally friendly alternative to dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).

Polar aprotic solvent
A polar aprotic solvent is a solvent that lacks an acidic proton and is polar.  Such solvents lack hydroxyl and amine groups. In contrast to protic solvents, these solvents do not serve as proton donors in hydrogen bonding, although they can be proton acceptors. Many solvents, including chlorocarbons and hydrocarbons, are classifiable as aprotic, but polar aprotic solvents are of particular interest for their ability to dissolve salts. Methods for purification of common solvents are available.
Omar Beckles
Omar Jerome Beckles (born 25 October 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for EFL League Two club Gillingham. Born in England, he represents the Grenada national team. He is the chair of the Professional Footballers' Association.

2022–23 EFL League Two
The 2022–23 EFL League Two (referred to as the Sky Bet League Two for sponsorship reasons) was the 19th season of the Football League Two under its current title and the 31st season under its current league division format. It began on 30 July 2022.
2021 European Road Championships – Women's elite road race
The women's elite road race at the 2021 European Road Championships took place on 11 September 2021, in Trentino, Italy. Nations were allowed to enter between 1 and 8 riders into the event, dependent on UCI rankings.

2021 European Road Championships
The 2021 European Road Cycling Championships was the 27th running of the European Road Cycling Championships, that took place from 8 to 12 September 2021 in Trentino, Italy. The event consisted of a total of 6 road races and 7 time trials.
Africa Addio
Africa Addio (lit. 'Goodbye Africa'  or 'Farewell Africa'; also known as Africa: Blood and Guts in the United States and Farewell Africa in the United Kingdom) is a 1966 Italian mondo documentary film co-directed, co-edited and co-written by Gualtiero Jacopetti and Franco E. Prosperi with music by Riz Ortolani. Jacopetti and Prosperi had gained fame (along with co-director Paolo Cavara) as the directors of Mondo Cane in 1962.

Africa Addio documents the end of European colonial control in Africa during the 1950s and '60s, and the violence and chaos that followed. The film was a huge success, which ensured the viability of the so-called "Mondo film" genre, a cycle of "shockumentaries"—documentaries featuring sensational topics. The film encountered criticism and praise due to its controversial content, but is nevertheless considered to be a very important film in the history of documentary filmmaking.

Kenya Colony
The Colony and Protectorate of Kenya, commonly known as British Kenya or British East Africa, was a colony part of the British Empire located in East Africa from 1920 until 1963. It was established when the former East Africa Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1920. Technically, the "Colony of Kenya" referred to the interior lands, while a 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) coastal strip, nominally on lease from the Sultan of Zanzibar, was the "Protectorate of Kenya", but the two were controlled as a single administrative unit. The colony came to an end in 1963 when a native Kenyan majority government was elected for the first time and eventually declared independence.

However, Kenya is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Colony" due to the fact that William Mackinnon, the founder of the Imperial British East Africa Company that was governing Kenya, was a native of Scotland.
2021 Solheim Cup
The 2021 Solheim Cup was the 17th edition of the Solheim Cup matches, held from September 4–6 at the Inverness Club in Toledo, Ohio. The Solheim Cup is a biennial team competition between the top women professional golfers from Europe and the United States. Pat Hurst was captain of the U.S. team for the first time and Catriona Matthew was captain of the European team for the second time. The Inverness course was a par 72 and 6,903 yards (6,312 m).

The 2021 competition was won by Europe with 15 points to 13. It was the second victory by the European team in America, having first won there in 2013.

Solheim Cup
The Solheim Cup is a biennial golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States. It is named after the Norwegian-American golf club manufacturer Karsten Solheim, who was a driving force behind its creation.

The inaugural Cup was held in 1990, and the event was first staged in even numbered years until 2002, alternating years with the Ryder Cup (the equivalent men's event).  As part of the general reshuffling of team golf events after the one-year postponement of the 2001 Ryder Cup following the September 11 attacks, the Solheim Cup switched to odd numbered years beginning in 2003. Another reshuffle of team golf events took place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Solheim Cup returned to even numbered years beginning in 2024.

The United States teams have won the cup eleven times, compared with eight for Europe. The current holders are the US, who regained the cup with a 15.5–12.5 win in 2024.
Jim Salestrom
James Kevin Salestrom (February 20, 1956 – November 22, 2023) was an American singer-songwriter. Salestrom was the lead singer of the band Timberline from 1971 to 1977. Salestrom performed in Dolly Parton's band from 1979 to 1991. As a solo artist, he performed in shows around the world.

Jimmy Ibbotson
James Arvey Ibbotson (born January 21, 1947) is an American musician who is best known as a longtime member of the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. He has also released albums as a solo artist, as a member of the Wild Jimbos, and with John McEuen.
Kadıköy (Istanbul Metro)
Kadıköy is the western terminal station on the M4 line of the Istanbul Metro. Located beneath Haydarpaşa Rıhtım Caddesi (Street) it is serviced by the M4 between 6:00 and 0:04. The station has two tracks serving an island platform. Kadıköy opened on 17 August 2012 along with fifteen other stations on the M4 line. The Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan along with the Mayor of Istanbul, Kadir Topbaş and other members of government inaugurated the line from Kadıköy and boarded a train to Kartal.

Kadıköy harbor is right next to the stations entrances. Ferry service offered by the municipal ferry service, Şehir Hatları (City Lines), as well the private line operator, Turyol. İDO operates SeaBus ferry service to piers on the Marmara coast of the city. İETT has a large city bus hub next to the harbor and station and operates buses to many parts of the Asian side of Istanbul.

M4 (Istanbul Metro)
The M4, officially referred to as the M4 Kadıköy - Sabiha Gökçen Airport metro line (Turkish: M4 Kadıköy–Sabiha Gökçen Havalimanı metro hattı), is a 33.5-kilometre (20.8 mi), 23-station rapid transit line of the Istanbul Metro. It is colored deep pink on the maps and route signs.  Running between Kadıköy and Sabiha Gökçen Airport, it is the first rapid transit line operating on the Asian side of Istanbul. The M4 mostly runs under State road D100, parallel to the Istanbul-Ankara railway and is entirely underground.
Stanley Schumacher
Stanley Stanford Schumacher QC (12 June 1933 – 10 October 2020) was a politician from Alberta, Canada.  He was speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and a member of the House of Commons of Canada.

1979 Canadian federal election
The 1979 Canadian federal election was held on May 22, 1979, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 31st Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the Liberal Party of Canada after 16 years in power, 11 of them under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Joe Clark led the Progressive Conservative Party to power but with only a minority of seats in the House of Commons. The Liberals, however, beat the Progressive Conservatives in the overall popular vote by more than 400,000 votes (40.11% to 35.89%). Taking office on the eve of his 40th birthday, Clark became the youngest prime minister in Canadian history.
Sydney High School Rifle Club
Sydney High School Rifle Club is a Rifle Shooting club established in 1883 within Sydney Boys High School. It is based at the ANZAC Rifle Range in Sydney, Australia. The club is affiliated to the New South Wales Rifle Association and participates in competitions conducted by the AAGPS.

National Shooting Centre
The National Shooting Centre, commonly referred to as Bisley, is the UK's largest shooting sports complex, comprising several shooting ranges as well as the large Bisley Camp complex of accommodation, clubhouses and support services. The centre is located between the villages of Bisley (from which it takes it colloquial name) and Brookwood in Surrey. The site is wholly owned by the National Rifle Association (NRA).
British entry into World War I
The United Kingdom and the British Empire entered World War I on 4 August 1914, when King George V declared war after the expiry of an ultimatum to the German Empire. The official explanation focused on protecting Belgium as a neutral country; the main reason, however, was to prevent a French defeat that would have left Germany in control of Western Europe. The Liberal Party was in power with prime minister H. H. Asquith and foreign minister Edward Grey leading the way. The Liberal cabinet made the decision, although the party had been strongly anti-war until the last minute. The Conservative Party was pro-war. The Liberals knew that if they split on the war issue, they would lose control of the government to the Conservatives.

Treaty of London (1839)
The Treaty of London of 1839, was signed on 19 April 1839 between the major European powers, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Kingdom of Belgium. It was a direct follow-up to the 1831 Treaty of the XVIII Articles, which the Netherlands had refused to sign, and the result of negotiations at the London Conference of 1838–1839 which sought to maintain the Concert of Europe.

Under the treaty, the European powers recognised and guaranteed the independence and neutrality of Belgium and established the full independence of the German-speaking part of Luxembourg. Article VII required Belgium to remain perpetually neutral. Following the German invasion of 1914, Belgium abandoned its policy of neutrality (except for a brief, unsuccessful resumption from 1936 to 1940).