hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Killa Abdullah
Killa Abdullah (also spelled Qilla Abdullah or Abdullah Qilla) is a town in Balochistan, Pakistan. It serves as the administrative centre of Killa Abdullah District and is the headquarters of Killa Abdullah Tehsil, one of the district's subdivisions.

Killa Abdullah District
Kila Abdullah District or Qilla Abdullah ( Pashto: عبدالله کلا ولسوالۍ) is a district in the northwestern part of Balochistan province of Pakistan.

Kila Abdullah was separated from Pishin District and made a new district in June 1993.

The district is located within the heartland of the many tribes consisting mainly of Tareen, Kakar and Achakzai (Bor Tareen) Pashtuns and other smaller tribes, such as Syed, etc.
Gurgaon district
Gurgaon district, officially known as Gurugram district, is one of the 22 districts of Haryana in northern India. The city of Gurgaon is the administrative headquarters of the district. The population is 1,514,432. It is one of the southern districts of Haryana. On its north, it is bounded by the district of Jhajjar and the Union Territory of Delhi. Faridabad district lies to its east. To its south lie the districts of Palwal and Nuh. To the west lies Rewari district.

Aravalli Range
The Aravalli Range (also spelled Aravali) is a mountain range in north-western India. running approximately 670 km (420 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu, Rajasthan at 1,722 m (5,650 ft). The Aravalli Range is the oldest fold-mountain belt in India, dating back to the Paleoproterozoic era.
Gosaingram railway station
Gosaingram railway station is a railway station on Nalhati–Azimganj branch line under the Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Matiapara, Gosaingram in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Howrah railway division
Howrah Division is the oldest operational railway division under the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Serving as a major rail hub for Eastern India, its headquarters based in Howrah, West Bengal, and has historical and strategic importance for passenger and freight transport. It is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone. In 2025, the Howrah Division marked its 100th anniversary since it was officially established as a division. It covers the area more than 400 km which includes parts of Bihar and Jharkhand also. The division manages nearly 200 stations ranging from major terminals to smaller halts.

Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Malda railway division are the other railway divisions under ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.
Manuel Rodríguez (tennis)
Manuel Rodríguez Boulle is a Chilean former professional tennis player.

Active in the 1980s, Rodríguez is the son of tennis players. His father Patricio was a Davis Cup player and famous coach, while his mother Michelle is a French native who after marriage represented Chile in the Federation Cup. Two siblings, twin sisters Nathalie and Pauline, followed their mother's path and competed in the Federation Cup.

Rodríguez, more successful in junior tennis, made his Grand Prix debut at the 1983 Volvo International in North Conway, New Hampshire. He reached his career high singles ranking of 454 in 1984 and finished up on tour in 1989.

Patricio Rodríguez
Patricio (Pato) Rodríguez (20 December 1938 — 23 June 2020) was a professional tennis player from Chile. He was active from 1956 until 1979 and won 25 career singles titles. In addition he won 2 doubles titles.
Matsuda Norihide
Matsuda Norihide (松田 憲秀; ? – 1590) was a Japanese samurai and commander of the Sengoku period. He was one of the most important vassals of the Go-Hōjō clan and the salary he got was the highest among Go-Hōjō clan's vassals.

On the occasion of the Siege of Odawara (1590), he insisted on keeping Odawara Castle but later he secretly betrayed  Go-Hōjō clan and tried to join Toyotomi Hideyoshi. After the fall of the Go-Hōjō clan, he was ordered to seppuku by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. On the other hand, his second son Matsuda Hideharu became a vassal of Maeda Toshiie.

His cousin Matsuda Yasunaga died in the siege of Yamanaka Castle in 1590.

Maeda Toshiie
Maeda Toshiie (前田 利家; January 15, 1538 – April 27, 1599) was one of the leading generals of Oda Nobunaga following the Sengoku period of the 16th century extending to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. His preferred weapon was a yari, and Matazaemon (又左衛門) was his common name; he was therefore known as Yari no Mataza (槍の又左). He was a member of the so-called Echizen Sanninshu (Echizen Triumvir) along with Sassa Narimasa and Fuwa Mitsuharu. The highest rank from the court that he received is the Great Counselor Dainagon (大納言).
Elections in Haryana
Elections in Haryana, which is a state in India, have been conducted since 1967 to elect the members of state-level Haryana Legislative Assembly and national-level Lok Sabha. There are 90 assembly constituencies (17 reserved for SC) and 10 Lok Sabha constituencies (2 reserved for SC).

Electoral boundary delimitation
Electoral boundary delimitation (or simply boundary delimitation or delimitation) is the drawing of boundaries of electoral precincts and related divisions involved in elections, such as states, counties or other municipalities. It can also be called "redistribution" and is used to prevent unbalance of population across districts. In the United States, it is called redistricting. Unbalanced or discriminatory delimitation is called "gerrymandering". Though there are no internationally agreed processes that guarantee fair delimitation, several organizations, such as the Commonwealth Secretariat, the European Union and the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) have proposed guidelines for effective delimitation.
Norman architecture
The term Norman architecture is used to categorise styles of Romanesque architecture developed by the Normans in the various lands under their dominion or influence in the 11th and 12th centuries. In particular the term is traditionally used for English Romanesque architecture. The Normans introduced large numbers of castles and fortifications  including Norman keeps, and at the same time monasteries, abbeys, churches and cathedrals, in a style characterised by the usual Romanesque rounded arches (particularly over windows and doorways) and especially massive proportions compared to other regional variations of the style.

Palazzo dei Normanni
The Palazzo dei Normanni (transl. 'Palace of the Normans'; Sicilian: Palazzu dî Nurmanni), also called Royal Palace of Palermo (Italian: Palazzo Reale di Palermo; Sicilian: Palazzu Riali), is a palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. It was the seat of the Kings of Sicily with the Hauteville dynasty and served afterwards as the main seat of power for the subsequent rulers of Sicily. Since 1946 it has been the seat of the Sicilian Regional Assembly. The building is the oldest royal residence in Europe; and was the private residence of the rulers of the Kingdom of Sicily and the imperial seat of Frederick II and Conrad IV.
The Ballad of Yoel Moshe Salomon
"The Ballad of Yoel Moshe Salomon" (Hebrew: הבלדה על יואל משה סלומון, romanized: Habalada al Yoel Moshe Salomon) is a 1970 Israeli popular song recorded by Arik Einstein, with lyrics by Yoram Taharlev and music by Shalom Hanoch. The song narrates, in a stylized and imaginative manner, a journey by several of the Jewish founders of the Petah Tikva moshava to survey land near the Palestinian Arab village of Mulabbis, where the colony was later established.

The song gave rise to a controversy among descendants of Petah Tikva’s founders concerning the respective roles of their ancestors in the establishment of the settlement. It has also been discussed by scholars and commentators as an example of how popular music in Israel contributes to the creation and perpetuation of historical myths.

Petah Tikva
32°05′20″N 34°53′11″E﻿ / ﻿32.08889°N 34.88639°E﻿ / 32.08889; 34.88639

Petah Tikva (Hebrew: פתח תקווה, pronounced [ˈpetaχ ˈtikva] ⓘ), also spelt Petah Tiqwa and known informally as Em HaMoshavot (lit. 'Mother of the Moshavot, or colonies'), is a city in the Central District of Israel, 10.6 km (6.6 mi) east of Tel Aviv. It was founded in 1878, mainly by Haredi Jews of the Old Yishuv, and became a permanent settlement in 1883 with the financial help of Edmond Rothschild.

In 2023, the city had a population of 267,196, thus being the fourth-largest city in Israel. Its population density is approximately 6,277 inhabitants per square kilometre (16,260/sq mi). Its jurisdiction covers 35,868 dunams (~35.9 km2 or 15 sq mi). Petah Tikva is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area.
Argyroxiphium grayanum
Argyroxiphium grayanum, commonly known as the greensword, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, and a member of the silversword alliance, a group of over 50 species which are diverse in morphology and habitat but are genetically closely related.

The silversword alliance provides a convincing natural case study in evolution by adaptive radiation, with the greensword representing one extreme of the genus' plasticity. Some Argyroxiphium, including the well-known Haleakala and Mauna Kea silverswords, live in harsh alpine desert-like conditions of heat, sun, wind, and aridity, and are drought-adapted plants capable of storing water as a gel in leaf structures which are normally air pockets in other plants. However, A. grayanum is a bog plant adapted to very different conditions – excessive moisture, lack of regular sunlight, and cool temperatures, and its leaves are non-succulent like those of the related genus Dubautia.

Dubautia
Dubautia or na'ena'e is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. The genus was named after Joseph Eugène DuBaut (1796–1832), an officer in the French Navy who participated in Freycinet's expedition.

The entire genus is endemic to Hawaii. It contains more species than the other two genera in the silversword alliance, including cushion plants, shrubs, trees, and lianas.
Marvelous Nakamba
Marvelous Nakamba (born 19 January 1994) is a Zimbabwean professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for EFL Championship club Sheffield Wednesday and the Zimbabwe national team.

Nakamba started his career in his native Zimbabwe with Bantu Rovers before moving to Nancy in 2012. After mainly playing for Nancy's second team, he moved to Vitesse, where he became a regular player for the club. Nakamba would later join Club Brugge, winning the 2017–18 Belgian First Division A in his first season with the club. In 2019, he moved to Premier League side Aston Villa, before joining Luton Town on loan, being part of the squad that achieved promotion via the playoffs. He has been part of three Africa Cup of Nations squads with Zimbabwe.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Onno Klopp
Onno Klopp (9 October 1822 in Leer, Kingdom of Hanover – 9 August 1903 in Penzing, Austria) was a German historian, best known as the author of Der Fall des Hauses Stuart (The Fall of the House of Stuart), the fullest existing account of the later Stuarts.  He is also known as one of the few German historians who denigrated Frederick the Great.

George V of Hanover
George V (Georg Friedrich Alexander Karl Ernst August; 27 May 1819 – 12 June 1878) was the last King of Hanover, reigning from 18 November 1851 to 20 September 1866. The only child of King Ernest Augustus and Queen Frederica, he succeeded his father in 1851. George's reign was ended by the Austro-Prussian War, after which Prussia annexed Hanover.
ReAction GUI
ReAction GUI is the widget toolkit engine that is used in AmigaOS 3.2–4.1.

It is an evolution of ClassAct, which is an object-oriented system of classes that enhanced the aspect of the Workbench 2.0 GUI of AmigaOS.

Widget toolkit
A widget toolkit, widget library, GUI toolkit, GUI framework, UI framework, or UX library is a library or a collection of libraries containing a set of graphical control elements (called widgets) used to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) of programs.

Most widget toolkits additionally include their own rendering engine. This engine can be specific to a certain operating system or windowing system or contain back-ends to interface with multiple ones and also with rendering APIs such as OpenGL, OpenVG, or EGL.
The look and feel of the graphical control elements can be hard-coded or decoupled, allowing the graphical control elements to be themed/skinned.
Sharpie (marker)
Sharpie is a brand of writing implement (mainly permanent markers) manufactured by Newell Brands, a public company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Originally designating a single permanent marker, the Sharpie brand has been widely expanded and can now be found on a variety of previously unrelated permanent and non-permanent pens and markers formerly marketed under other brands.

Sharpie markers are made with several tips, including ultra fine, extra fine, fine, brush, chisel, mini, magnum, and retractable.

Sharpie also produces highlighter pens, gel pens, rollerball pens, and acrylic paint markers.

Writing implement
A writing implement or writing instrument is an object used to produce writing. Writing consists of different figures, lines, and or forms. Most of these items can be also used for other functions such as painting, drawing and technical drawing, but writing instruments generally have the ordinary requirement to create a smooth, controllable line.

Another writing implement employed by a smaller population is the stylus used in conjunction with the slate for punching out the dots in Braille.
Houston Pioneer Cemetery
The Houston Pioneer Cemetery is a historic cemetery in Eau Gallie, Florida.  It is located within Rossetter Park off Highland Avenue between Oak Street and Shady Lane near the James Wadsworth Rossetter House.  The cemetery includes graves of original settlers from Eau Gallie such as John Caroll Houston, III and his wife Mary Virginia Houston.  The Houston Memorial Park is also located here with a memorial from 1947 located adjacent to the cemetery.  This memorial dates the first grave at 1865, but no headstone contains that date. John Caroll Houston, IV was buried here.

Eau Gallie, Florida
Eau Gallie (/ˌoʊˈɡæli/) is a neighborhood in the city of Melbourne, Florida, located on the city's northern side. It was an independent city in Brevard County from 1860 until 1969.

That year residents of Eau Gallie and Melbourne voted to merge their governments.  A subsequent vote resulted in the combined jurisdiction being named Melbourne. The name and identity of Eau Gallie persists in a number of local entities and was used by the Eau Gallie Arts District Main Street, a fully accredited Florida Main Street program since 2010.
Gary L. Thomas (general)
Gary Lee Thomas (born 1962) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general. He was most recently the 35th Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps. Gen Thomas is a naval aviator who flew the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet and participated in combat operations during the Gulf War, the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and the War in Afghanistan. He has commanded at the squadron and Wing level and also led Marine Corps aviation's weapons school. Thomas is a graduate of the University of Texas at Austin and National Defense University.

Naval aviator (United States)
A naval aviator is a commissioned officer or warrant officer qualified as a crewed aircraft pilot in the United States Navy or United States Marine Corps. United States Coast Guard crewed aircraft pilots are officially designated as "Coast Guard aviators", although they complete the same undergraduate flight training as Navy and Marine Corps crewed aircraft pilots, and are awarded the same aviation breast insignia.
Moransengo-Tonengo
Moransengo-Tonengo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located at about 430 meters above sea level on the Monferrato hills. It was established on 1 January 2023 with the merger of Moransengo and Tonengo. The seat of the municipality is in Tonengo.

Moransengo-Tonengo borders the following municipalities: Brozolo, Brusasco, Cavagnolo, and Cocconato.

Moransengo
Moransengo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Asti.

Moransengo borders the following municipalities: Brozolo, Brusasco, Cavagnolo, Cocconato, and Tonengo.
Germania (stamp)
Germania stamps are definitive stamps that were issued by the German Empire and the Weimar Republic between 1900 and 1922, depicting Germania. They represent the longest running series in German philately and are in their many variations and derivations an essential part of German philatelic collections.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
2022 Ilocos Sur local elections
Local elections were held in Ilocos Sur on May 9, 2022, as part of the 2022 Philippine general election. Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor, and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, a vice-governor, a governor, and representatives for the province's two congressional districts in the Philippine House of Representatives.

2022 Philippine general election
The 2022 Philippine general election took place on May 9, 2022, for the executive and legislative branches of government at every level – national, provincial, and local – except for the barangay officials.

At the top of the ballot is the election for the successors to President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo. There were also elections for:

12 seats of the Senate

All 316 seats of the House of Representatives

All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats of the provincial boards in all provinces

All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats of the city councils in all cities

All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats of the municipal councils in all municipalities

The first election of the Bangsamoro Parliament was scheduled to be held on the same date, but was rescheduled to 2025.

This is the first election in Davao de Oro under that name, as it was renamed from Compostela Valley in December 2019 after a successful plebiscite.
Pauahi Crater
Pauahi Crater is a volcanic crater measuring 2,000 ft (610 m) long, up to some 1,300 ft (400 m) across, and 300 ft (91 m) deep in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park at 19°22′6″N 155°13′21″W﻿ / ﻿19.36833°N 155.22250°W﻿ / 19.36833; -155.22250. It is about 3 mi (4.8 km) from the top of the Big Island of Hawaii's Chain of Craters Road, which follows a "chain" that also includes the Hiʻiaka, Puʻu Huluhulu, Kānenuiohamo, Makaopuhi and Nāpau craters.

Volcanic crater
A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava. A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions, a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera.
Trans-Caucasian fox
The Trans-Caucasian fox (Vulpes vulpes kurdistanica) is a subspecies of the red fox. It is primarily found in Kurdistan and the Armenian highlands, with additional populations throughout parts of Anatolia in Turkey and parts of Iran.

This subspecies is a specialized adaptation to the environmental conditions of the geographical Kurdistan region, which spans Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria. Its distinctive features include a red or greyish-red fur coat, a bushy tail, and an omnivorous diet. Notably, the specific characteristics and behaviors of the fox can exhibit slight variations depending on its specific habitat within Kurdistan.

Turkish nationalism
Turkish nationalism (Turkish: Türk milliyetçiliği) is nationalism among the people of Turkey and individuals whose national identity is Turkish. Turkish nationalism consists of political and social movements and sentiments prompted by a love for Turkish culture, Turkish language and history, and a sense of pride in Turkey and Turkish people. While national consciousness in Turkish nation can be traced back centuries, nationalism has been a predominant determinant of Turkish attitudes mainly since the 20th century. Modern Turkish nationalism rose during the Tanzimat era. It also has a complicated relationship with Muslim identity, Pan-Turkism, and Turanism.
Sarajevo Process
The Sarajevo Process (Serbo-Croatian: Sarajevski proces) was a 1983 trial against 13 Muslim intellectuals accused of Islamic fundamentalism. Arrests were made on 23 March 1983, trials held in from 18 July until 20 August 1983. The accused were members of the Young Muslims (Mladi muslimani). Among these were Alija Izetbegović, the author of the essay Islamic Declaration (1970) and later leader of the Party of Democratic Action (SDA) active during the breakup of Yugoslavia, and the first President of Bosnia and Herzegovina. All were sentenced to prison, and were pardoned on 25 November 1988.

Omer Behmen, 15 years

Salih Behmen, 5 years

Đula Bičakčić

Edhem Bičakčić, 7 years

Hasan Čengić, 10 years

Derviš Đurđević

Alija Izetbegović, 14 years

Džemaludin Latić, 6.5 years

Ismet Kasumagić, 10 years

Melika Salihbegović

Mustafa Spahić, 5 years

Husein Živalj, 6 years

Young Muslims (Yugoslavia)
Young Muslims (Serbo-Croatian: Mladi muslimani) was a Bosnian Muslim organisation that was established in 1939 in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and was active during World War II in the Independent State of Croatia and after the war in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The organisation operated as an underground network in the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Eventually, it disappeared after its leadership was arrested by the communist Yugoslav authorities in 1949. Although ideologically pan-Islamist, the Young Muslims had a strong nationalistic component, advocating the autonomy of a Muslim-dominated Bosnia and Herzegovina.