hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glossary of education terms (D–F)
This glossary of education-related terms is based on how they commonly are used in Wikipedia articles.  This article contains terms starting with D – F.  Select a letter from the table of contents to find terms on other articles.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Bosco Pérez-Pla
Bosco Pérez-Pla de Alvear (born 26 September 1987) is a Spanish former field hockey player who played as a defender a total of 142 times for the Spanish national team until 2017.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed for the national team in the men's tournament.

2020–21 División de Honor de Hockey Hierba
The 2020–21 División de Honor de Hockey Hierba was the 55th season of the División de Honor de Hockey Hierba, the highest men's field hockey league in Spain. The regular season began on 19 September 2020 and is scheduled to finish on 25 April 2021. The play-off semi-finals and final were played on 1 and 2 May 2021 on Atlètic Terrassa.

After last season was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, this season was played with twelve instead of the regular ten teams. There were no quarter-finals but instead the top four teams qualified directly for the final four.

Club de Campo won their first ever national title by defeating the regular season winners and record champions Atlètic Terrassa 6–3 in the final.
1998 Chevrolet Cup
The 1998 Chevrolet Cup was a men's ATP tennis tournament held in Santiago, Chile and played on outdoor clay courts that was part of the World Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 9 November to 16 November 1998. Francisco Clavet won the singles title.

1998 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP World Tour Finals, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
Skandagupta
Skandagupta (Ska-nda-gu-pta, r. c. 455–467) was a Gupta Emperor. His Bhitari pillar inscription suggests that he restored the Gupta power by defeating his enemies, who may have been rebels or foreign invaders. He repulsed an invasion by the Indo-Hephthalites (known as Hunas in India), probably the Kidarites. He seems to have maintained control of his inherited territory, and is generally considered the last of the great Gupta Emperors. The Gupta genealogy after him is unclear, but he was most probably succeeded by Purugupta, who appears to have been his younger half-brother.

Kathiawar
Kathiawar (Gujarati: [kɑʈʰijɑʋɑɽ]), also known as Saurashtra (Gujarati: [sɔɾɑʂʈrə]), is a peninsula in the south-western Gujarat state in India, bordering the Arabian Sea and covering about 61,000 km2 (23,500 sq mi). It is bounded by the Kutch district in the north, the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest, and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of the state and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century. It was formerly a state of India.
2022–23 Women's FIH Pro League
The 2022–23 Women's FIH Pro League was the fourth edition of the Women's FIH Pro League, a field hockey championship for women's national teams. The tournament began in November 2022 and finished in July 2023.

The Netherlands won their third title.

Women's FIH Pro League
The Women's FIH Pro League is an international women's field hockey competition organized by the International Hockey Federation (FIH), which replaces the Women's FIH Hockey World League. The competition also serves as a qualifier for the Hockey World Cup and the first edition also did for the Olympic Games.

The first edition was started in 2019. Nine teams secured their places for four years.
Helreið Brynhildar
Helreið Brynhildar (Old Norse 'The Hel-ride of Brynhild') is a short Old Norse poem that is found in the Poetic Edda. Most of the poem (except stanza 6) is also quoted in Norna-Gests þáttr.

Henry Adams Bellows says in his commentaries that the poem is a masterpiece with an "extraordinary degree of dramatic unity" and that it is one of the "most vivid and powerful" poems in the Poetic Edda. It has, however, been argued that some parts originally belonged to Sigrdrífumál, and the two poems are anyway very close in content. The material is mostly Scandinavian and there are few elements that connect it with the corresponding German tradition found in the Nibelungenlied.

Norna-Gests þáttr
Nornagests þáttr or the Story of Norna-Gest is a legendary saga about the Norse hero Nornagestr, sometimes called Gestr, and here anglicized as Norna-Gest. Nornagests þáttr is as an episode of the Longest Saga of Óláfr Tryggvason in the medieval Icelandic manuscript Flateyjarbók.
East Chiltington
East Chiltington is a village and civil parish in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is centred four miles (5.9 km) south-east of Burgess Hill and five miles (8 km) north-west of Lewes. It is a strip parish of 3.76 square miles (9.7 km2), stretching northward (south of Plumpton) from the crest of the South Downs. The village church is 13th century in origin; the vicar also has charge of two churches in Plumpton. Near the church there is a pub called The Jolly Sportsman. The Sussex Greensand Way, a Roman road, runs from east to west through the centre of the parish.

Eton College owns a 500 acre plot in the parish and in 2021 applied to build 3,000 homes in the area north of the railway line. The proposal has met with resistance from locals, citing amongst other things the risk to the biodiversity of the area.

There is no public access to the majority of the banks of Bevern Stream through East Chiltington.

Lotus corniculatus
Lotus corniculatus is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae. Common names include common bird's-foot trefoil, eggs and bacon, birdsfoot deervetch, and just bird's-foot trefoil (a name also often applied to other Lotus spp.). It has a wide distribution and is a favored forage for livestock.
Mfumte language
Mfumte (Nfumte) is a Grassfields Bantu language of Cameroon. It is not clear if the four varieties spoken by ethnic Mfumte—Ndaktup, Kwaja, Fum and Mfumte proper—are mutually intelligible or distinct languages; ability to communicate may be either due to inherent intelligibility or to bilingualism, while Fum and Mfumte may simply be the Nigerian and Cameroonian names for the same language.

Grassfields languages
The Grassfields languages (or Wide Grassfields languages) are a branch of the Southern Bantoid languages spoken in the Western High Plateau of Cameroon and some parts of Taraba state, Nigeria. Better known Grassfields languages include the Eastern Grassfields languages, Bamun, Yamba, Bali, and Bafut and the Ring languages, Kom, Nso, and Oku. Almost all of these languages are closely related, sharing approximately half of their vocabulary.
Ostrožno pri Ločah
Ostrožno pri Ločah (pronounced [ɔˈstɾoːʒnɔ pɾi ˈloːtʃax]) is a small dispersed settlement in the hills south of Loče in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Dravinja River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Loče, Slovenske Konjice
Loče (pronounced [ˈloːtʃɛ]; German: Heiligengeist in Loče) is a settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Dravinja River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Bedel Pass
Bedel Pass (Kyrgyz: Бедел ашуусу, بەدەل اشۇۇسۇ; Uyghur: بەدەل ئېغىزى; Chinese: 别迭里山口) is a mountain pass in the Tian Shan Mountains range between Kyrgyzstan and China's Xinjiang. It has an elevation of 4,284 meters (14,055 ft). The pass linked China to Barskon, a settlement on the southern shore of lake Issyk-kul.

Issyk-Kul
Issyk-Kul (Russian: Иссык-Куль) or Ysyk-Köl (Kyrgyz: Ысык-Көл [ɯsɯ́q kʰɵl]; lit. 'Hot Lake') is an endorheic saline lake in the western Tian Shan mountains in eastern Kyrgyzstan—just south of a dividing range separating Kyrgyzstan from Kazakhstan. It is the eighth-deepest lake in the world, the eleventh-largest lake in the world by volume, and the second-largest saline lake. It is located at an elevation of 1,607 metres (5,272 ft), making it the deepest lake whose deepest point is above sea level at 939 metres (3,081 ft). Despite the elevation and low temperatures during winter, it rarely freezes due to its high salinity.

The lake is a Ramsar site of globally significant biodiversity and forms part of the Issyk-Kul Biosphere Reserve.
Rusty Tracks
Rusty Tracks is a 1977 album by singer-songwriter Mickey Newbury, released by Hickory Records. The record is noted for Newbury's interpretations of four traditional songs, "Shenandoah", "That Lucky Old Sun", "Danny Boy", and "In The Pines".

Rusty Tracks was collected for CD reissue on the eight-disc Mickey Newbury Collection from Mountain Retreat, Newbury's own label in the mid-1990s, along with nine other Newbury albums from 1969–1981.

Lovers (Mickey Newbury album)
Lovers is the 1975 album by singer-songwriter Mickey Newbury. The album is noted for the inclusion of the epic trilogy "Apples Dipped In Candy" and the title track. It was his final release on Elektra Records. Chet Atkins played guitar on "Apples Dipped in Candy" and Bergen White arranged the strings on the album.

Lovers was collected for CD issue on the eight-disc Mickey Newbury Collection from Mountain Retreat, Newbury's own label in the mid-1990s, along with nine other Newbury albums from 1969-1981.
Lake Charlotte, Nova Scotia
Lake Charlotte is a rural cottage community on the Eastern Shore of the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. The community is located on the junction of Trunk 7 and Clam Harbour Road, 58.23 kilometers from Downtown Halifax.

Downtown Halifax
Downtown Halifax is the primary central business district of the Municipality of Halifax. Located on the central-eastern portion of the Halifax Peninsula, on Halifax Harbour. Along with Downtown Dartmouth, and other de facto central business districts within the Municipality (e.g. Cole Harbour, Lower Sackville, Spryfield), Downtown Halifax serves as the business, entertainment, and tourism hub of the region.
Bewilderment
Bewilderment is a 2021 novel by Richard Powers, published on September 21, 2021, by W. W. Norton & Company. It is Powers' thirteenth novel, his first since winning the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for his novel The Overstory (2018).

The novel was shortlisted for the 2021 Booker Prize.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Jim Yong Kim
Jim Yong Kim (born December 8, 1959), also known as Kim Yong (Korean: 김용; Hanja: 金墉), is an American physician and anthropologist who served as the 12th president of the World Bank from 2012 to 2019.

A global health leader, Kim was formerly the chair of the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School and a co-founder and executive director of Partners In Health before serving as the President of Dartmouth College from 2009 to 2012, becoming the first Asian American president of an Ivy League institution.

Kim was named the world's 50th most powerful person by Forbes Magazine's List of The World's Most Powerful People in 2013.

President of the World Bank Group
The president of the World Bank Group is the head of World Bank Group. The president is responsible for chairing the meetings of the boards of directors and for overall management of the World Bank Group.

The nominee is subject to confirmation by the Board of Executive Directors, to serve for a five-year, renewable term. Traditionally, the World Bank Group president has always been an American citizen nominated by the United States, the Bank's largest shareholder, and the IMF's managing director has been a European citizen. While most World Bank Group presidents have had economic experience, some have not.

The fourteenth and current World Bank Group president is Ajay Banga, who was selected on May 3 and began his term on June 2, 2023.
Sophie Renoir
Sophie Renoir (born 1964) is a French actress. She is the great-granddaughter of the French Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841–1919), and daughter of the cinematographer Claude Renoir (1913–1993), granddaughter of actors Pierre Renoir and Véra Sergine, and grand-niece of film director Jean Renoir.

In 1988, she was nominated for César Award for Most Promising Actress for her part in Boyfriends and Girlfriends by Eric Rohmer.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/rɛnˈwɑːr/; French: [pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ]; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau."

He was the father of the actor Pierre Renoir (1885–1952), the filmmaker Jean Renoir (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker Claude Renoir (1913–1993), son of Pierre.
Curry ketchup
Curry ketchup is a spiced variant of ketchup and a common sauce in Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and Scandinavia.

It is typically served on prepared meats such as frikandel, or on French fries. In Germany, it is the basis of the dish currywurst, one of the most popular in the country. Typically with currywurst, additional curry powder is sprinkled on top of the curry ketchup.

Major brands producing curry ketchup include Zeisner, Heinz, Hela, Oliehoorn, and Knorr.

Curry powder
Curry powder is any of several spice mixes for curry, adapted from but not to be confused with garam masala in Indian cuisine. It was first sold by Indian merchants to British traders during the British Raj. The first commercial curry powder product was sold by Sorlie's Perfumery in London in 1784. Brands such as Crosse & Blackwell and Sharwood's were established late in the 18th century.
Laksevåg Municipality
Laksevåg is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 31.8-square-kilometre (12.3 sq mi) municipality existed from 1918 until its dissolution in 1972. The area is now part of Bergen Municipality in the traditional district of Midhordland in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Loddefjord. The municipality was a located a short distance west of the city of Bergen, and today it makes up the borough of Laksevåg.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 31.8-square-kilometre (12.3 sq mi) municipality was the 427th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Laksevåg Municipality was the 27th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 23,350. The municipality's population density was 734.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,902/sq mi) and its population had increased by 28.7% over the previous 10-year period.

Prestegjeld
A prestegjeld was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (Den Norske Kirke) roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas that were led by a parish priest. Prestegjelds began in the 1400s and were officially discontinued in 2012.
Sejm Constituency no. 30
Bielsko-Biała II, formerly known as Rybnik, officially known as Constituency no. 30 (Polish: Okręg wyborczy nr 30), is one of the 41 constituencies of the Sejm, the lower house of the Parliament of Poland, the national legislature of Poland. The constituency was established in 2001, after a major redistricting process across Poland. It is located in the Łódź Voivodeship and includes the area of three city counties: Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Rybnik and Żory as well as the counties of: Mikołów, Racibórz, Rybnik, and Wodzisław Śląski. The constituency's district electoral commission is located in Bielsko-Biała
The constituency currently elects 9 of the 460 members of the Sejm using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2023 parliamentary election it had 533,844 citizens eligible to vote.

Rybnik County
Rybnik County (Polish: powiat rybnicki) is a suburban county in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, created in 1999 as a result of Polish local government reforms. Its administrative seat is the city of Rybnik, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of three disjoint parts, separated by the city of Rybnik. In the past decade, Rybnik country experienced significant population growth, due to urban sprawl of adjacent cities.

At the 2002 census, the population was 72,926. As of 2019, the population was 78,148.
Sawfajjin Municipality
Sawfajjin (Arabic: سوفاجين) was one of the baladiyat (municipalities) of Libya from 1987 to 1995.  It was in the north of the country with its capital at Bani Walid. Its former land area is now a part of the Sirte District and the Misrata District.

Baladiyat of Libya
The Baladiyah (singular), or baladiyat (plural),  is the intended second-level administration subdivision of Libya being reintroduced in 2012 by the General National Congress with Law 59 on the system of local administration, dividing the country into governorates (muhafazat) and districts (baladiyat), with baladiyah having local councils. As the proposed governorates have not been created, the 22 districts continue to serve as the primary administrative divisions of Libya.

Baladiyah is an Arabic word used in many Arab countries to denote administrative divisions of a country.
In-yer-face theatre
In-yer-face theatre is a term used to describe a confrontational style and sensibility of drama that emerged in the United Kingdom in the 1990s. This term was borrowed by British theatre critic Aleks Sierz as the title of his book, In-Yer-Face Theatre: British Drama Today, first published by Faber and Faber in March 2001.

An adjunct faculty member in Boston University's London graduate journalism programme, and co-editor of TheatreVoice, Sierz uses in-yer-face theatre to describe work by young playwrights who present vulgar, shocking, and confrontational material on stage as a means of involving and affecting their audiences.

Simon Gray
Simon James Holliday Gray CBE FRSL (21 October 1936 – 7 August 2008) was an English playwright and memoirist who also had a career as a  university lecturer in English literature at Queen Mary, University of London, for 20 years. While teaching at Queen Mary, Gray began his writing career as a novelist in 1963 and, during the next 45 years, in addition to five published novels, wrote 40 original stage plays, screenplays, and screen adaptations of his own and others' works for stage, film and television and became well known for the self-deprecating wit characteristic of several volumes of memoirs or diaries.
Popanoceratidae
Popanoceratidae is one of two families of the Popanoceratoidea superfamily. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.

Popanoceratoidea
Popanoceratoidea is one of seventeen superfamilies of the Goniatitina suborder. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council, 1964–1967
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council between 1964 and 1967 were indirectly elected by a joint sitting of the New South Wales Parliament, with 15 members elected every three years. The most recent election was on 21 November 1963, with the term of new members commencing on 23 April 1964. The President was William Dickson until his death in May 1966 and then Harry Budd.

Harry Budd
Sir Harry Vincent Budd (18 February 1900 – 8 March 1979) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Murwillumbah to Arthur Budd, later a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, and Annie Knight. He attended the local public school and worked as a journalist, editing the Tweed Daily from 1921 to 1923, when he was taken on by the Sydney Daily Telegraph. From 1931 to 1971 he was managing editor of The Land. On 25 January 1930 he married Colina McDonald White; they had four children. Budd was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council in 1946, serving as a member of the Country Party. In 1966 he was elected President of the Council. He was knighted in 1970, and served as President until his retirement from the Council in 1978.

Budd Place, in the Canberra suburb of Gilmore, is named in his honour.
Killarney, Edmonton
Killarney is a residential neighbourhood located in north east Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. While the area became part of Edmonton in 1913, residential development did not occur until the 1950s and 1960s.

Killarney is bounded on the north by 132 Avenue, on the east by 82 Street, on the south by 127 Avenue, and on the west by 97 Street. Travel north along 97 Street provides access to shopping and services at Northgate Centre and North Town Mall. Travel south along 97 Street provides access to the downtown core.

The community is represented by the Killarney Community League, established in 1960, which maintains a community hall and outdoor rink located at 87 Street and 130A Avenue.

Downtown Edmonton
Downtown Edmonton is the central business district of Edmonton, Alberta. Located at the geographical centre of the city, the downtown area is bounded by 109 Street to the west, 105 Avenue to the north, 97 Street to the east, 97 Avenue and Rossdale Road to the south, and the North Saskatchewan River to the southeast.

Surrounding neighbourhoods include Wîhkwêntôwin to the west, Queen Mary Park, Central McDougall and McCauley to the north, Boyle Street and Riverdale to the east, and Rossdale to the south.

The residents of Downtown Edmonton are represented by the Downtown Edmonton Community League, established in 1999, which runs a community hall at 100 Avenue and 103 Street.

The Edmonton Oilers' home arena, Rogers Place, is located in the north central part of downtown where it anchors the Ice District mixed-used development for sports and entertainment.