hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BOP reagent
BOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent commonly used for the synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines in peptide synthesis. It can be prepared from 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. This reagent has advantages in peptide synthesis since it avoids side reactions like the dehydration of asparagine or glutamine residues. BOP has used for the synthesis of esters from the carboxylic acids and alcohols. BOP has also been used in the reduction of carboxylic acids to primary alcohols with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Its use raises safety concerns since the carcinogenic compound HMPA is produced as a stoichiometric by-product.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Cardfight!! Vanguard G: Stride Gate
Cardfight!! Vanguard G: Stride Gate is the third season of Cardfight!! Vanguard G and the seventh season overall in the Cardfight!! Vanguard series as the third of The TRY 3 Saga. It aired in Japan from April 17, 2016 to September 25, 2016, running 24 episodes.

Cardfight!! Vanguard G
Cardfight!! Vanguard G is the fifth season of Cardfight!! Vanguard and the first season of the G series. and the first chapter of The TRY 3 Saga. It aired in Japan from October 26, 2014, to October 4, 2015, for 48 episodes.
Campylomormyrus curvirostris
Campylomormyrus curvirostris is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found in Africa: in the lower and middle Congo River basin in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola.

Mormyridae
The Mormyridae, sometimes called elephantfish (more properly freshwater elephantfish), are a family of weakly electric fish in the order Osteoglossiformes native to Africa. It is by far the largest family in the order, with around 200 species. Members of the family can be popular, if challenging, aquarium species. These fish have a large brain size and unusually high intelligence.

They are not to be confused with the marine and brackish-water callorhinchid elephantfish (family Callorhinchidae) of Southern Hemisphere oceans.
Thulium(III) telluride
Thulium(III) telluride is an inorganic compound, one of the tellurides of thulium, with the chemical formula Tm2Te3. It is an orthorhombic crystal with space group Fddd. It can dissolve in lead telluride at high temperatures to form a solid solution.

Lead telluride
Lead telluride is a compound of lead and tellurium (PbTe). It crystallizes in the NaCl crystal structure with Pb atoms occupying the cation and Te forming the anionic lattice. It is a narrow gap semiconductor with a band gap of 0.32 eV. It occurs naturally as the mineral altaite.
Chester Gierula
Chester F. Gierula (April 29, 1928 – May 6, 1990) was an American football player. He was selected in the tenth round of the 1951 NFL draft.

Gierula was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and attended William Allen High School.

Gierula attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played football as a guard. He played on the offensive line alongside Maryland football greats Bob Ward and Dick Modzelewski. Gierula was said to have played "his best game of the year" in the 1950 upset win over number-two Michigan State in East Lansing, Michigan.

In 1951, Gierula was selected in the tenth round of the 1951 NFL draft by the Cleveland Browns. In 1954, Gierula (along with Bobby Garrett, John Bauer, and Jack Miller) was traded to the Green Bay Packers for Babe Parilli and Bob Fleck. He died in 1990 at the age of 62.

Bobby Garrett
Robert Driscoll Garrett (August 16, 1932 – 5 December 1987) was an American professional football quarterback who played for Stanford University and played one season in the National Football League (NFL).
2021 Tour de la Provence
The 2021 Tour de la Provence was a road cycling stage race that took place between 11 and 14 February 2021 in the French region of Provence. The race is rated as a 2.Pro event as part of the 2021 UCI Europe Tour and the 2021 UCI ProSeries, and was the sixth edition of the Tour de la Provence cycling race.

Tour de la Provence
The Tour de la Provence is an early-season bicycle stage race in the Provence region of France. It is organized by southern French newspaper La Provence, which serves as the race's title sponsor for its first three years. It is held in February, as a 2.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour calendar. and became part of the UCI ProSeries in 2020. La Provence has entrusted the organization of the event to Serge Pascal, who also organizes the Tour du Haut Var. The inaugural edition of 2016 was won by Thomas Voeckler.
Fujifilm FinePix HS20EXR
The Fujifilm FinePix HS20EXR or Fujifilm FinePix HS22EXR is a DSLR-styled digital superzoom bridge camera announced by Fujifilm on January 5, 2011. It is the first model in the Fujifilm FinePix HS line to use an EXR sensor.

Superzoom
A superzoom or ultrazoom lens is a type of photographic zoom lens with unconventionally large focal length factors, typically ranging from wide angle to extreme long lens focal lengths in one lens. There is no clear definition of a superzoom lens, but the name generally covers lenses that have a range well above the 3× or 4× (e.g., 28-85 mm or 70-210 mm) of a standard zoom lens, with lenses being 10×, 12×, 18×, or above considered superzoom.

Advantages of a superzoom lens include compositional flexibility, reduced need to swap lenses, and enhanced portability by consolidating the functionality of multiple lenses into one. Due to trade-offs in the optical design, superzoom lenses are noted for having poorer optical quality at the extreme ends of their zoom ranges, often due to distortion. The longer focal lengths are usually accompanied by optical image stabilization in order to be usable handheld.
Esbat
An esbat /ˈɛsbæt/ is a coven meeting or ritual at a time other than one of the Sabbats within Wicca and other Wiccan-influenced forms of contemporary Paganism.

Esbats can span a wide range of purposes from coven business meetings and initiation ceremonies to social gatherings, times of merriment, and opportunities to commune with the divine. Janet and Stewart Farrar describe esbats as an opportunity for a "love feast, healing work, psychic training and all."

Esbats are typically held once per month on or near the night of a full moon or new moon. Due to the connection between the Moon and femininity in Wicca, esbats are associated with goddesses.

Esbats are a time set aside for formal worship and have been described as similar to Sundays for Christians or Friday nights for Jewish people. They can be solitary affairs but tend to be conducted in groups. Sources vary on whether these rituals are open to the public or only to initiated members.

Coven
A coven (/kʌvən/) is a group or gathering of witches. The word "coven" (from Anglo-Norman covent, cuvent, from Old French covent, from Latin conventum = convention) remained largely unused in English until 1921 when Margaret Murray promoted the idea that all witches across Europe met in groups of thirteen which they called "covens".
Diospyros
Diospyros is a genus of over 700 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs. The majority are native to the tropics, with only a few species extending into temperate regions. Individual species valued for their hard, heavy, dark timber, are commonly known as ebony trees, while others are valued for their fruit and known as persimmon trees.  Some are useful as ornamentals and many are of local ecological importance. Species of this genus are generally dioecious, with separate male and female plants.

Diospyros melanoxylon
Diospyros melanoxylon, the Coromandel ebony or East Indian ebony, is a species of flowering tree in the family Ebenaceae native to India and Sri Lanka; it has a hard, dry bark. Its common name derives from Coromandel, the coast of southeastern India. Locally it is known as temburini or by its Hindi name tendu. In Odisha, Jharkhand, and Assam, it is known as kendu. In Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana it is known as tuniki. The leaves can be wrapped around tobacco to create the Indian beedi, which has outsold conventional cigarettes in India.
Coronado Heights
Coronado Heights is a hill northwest of Lindsborg, Kansas, United States.  It is alleged to be near the place where Francisco Vásquez de Coronado gave up his search for the seven cities of gold and turned around to return to Mexico.  Coronado Heights is one of a chain of seven sandstone bluffs in the Dakota Formation and rises approximately 300 feet.

Quivira
Quivira was a province of the ancestral Wichita people, located near the Great Bend of the Arkansas River in central Kansas, The exact site may be near present-day Lyons extending northeast to Salina.

The Wichita city of Etzanoa, which flourished between 1450 and 1700, is likely part of Quivira.

Spanish conquistador and explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado visited in 1541.
Carex heteroneura
Carex heteroneura is a species of sedge known by the common name different-nerve sedge. It is native to western Canada and the western United States, where it grows in moist mountain habitat such as forests and meadows.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Gaspar da Gama
Gaspar da Gama, also known as Gaspar da India and Gaspar de Almeida (c. 1444 – c. 1510), was an interpreter (língua in old Portuguese) and guide to several Portuguese exploratory fleets. He was of Jewish origin and was probably born in Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland. In 1498 he was taken captive aboard Vasco da Gama's fleet on its return voyage to Portugal from India. He was known to speak multiple languages including Hebrew and Chaldean, as well as a mixture of Italian and Spanish.

Gaspar de Lemos
Gaspar de Lemos (15th century) was a Portuguese explorer and captain of the supply ship of Pedro Álvares Cabral's fleet that arrived to Brazil. Gaspar de Lemos was sent back to Portugal with news of their discovery and was credited by the Viscount of Santarém as having discovered the Fernando de Noronha archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.
Alberto Rey
Alberto Rey (born 7 August 1960 in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban-American painter, illustrator, and filmmaker. His work has been recognized for its themes of bicultural identity and its sustained engagement with the natural world. Rey's art is held in several permanent collections, including the Bronx Museum of the Arts, the Brooklyn Museum, El Museo del Barrio, and the Museum of Latin American Art.

Rey is a distinguished professor emeritus at the State University of New York at Fredonia. In 2012, he was inducted into the Burchfield Penney Art Center's Living Legacy Project.

Rey is also a conservationist and avid angler who leads a youth fly-fishing program. He has provided illustrations for several fishing and angling journals.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
Smådalarö Gård
Smådalarö Gård is an inn located at Dalarö in Stockholm archipelago, located in Haninge Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. The manor house was originally built in 1810 by Captain Carl Peter Blom, and today the original stone house has been complemented with a hotel wing.

Haninge Municipality
Haninge Municipality (Swedish: Haninge kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in Handen, a part of the Stockholm urban area.

Haninge Municipality was formed in 1971 when Västerhaninge and Österhaninge were united.

The municipal coat of arms depicts a capercaillie from which the name Haninge is believed to have been derived (the German word hahn means capercaillie), while the anchor symbolizes the naval base in the municipality. The German word usage is supposedly from the old German Hansa traders who operated in the area.
1969 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1969 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 69th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Ballygunner were the defending champions.

On 19 October 1969, Mount Sion won the championship after a 7–11 to 2–13 defeat of Abbeyside in the final. This was their 21st championship title overall and their first title since 1965.

1968 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1968 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 68th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Ballygunner were the defending champions.

On 15 September 1968, Ballygunner won the championship after a 2–10 to 3–02 defeat of Mount Sion in the final. This was their third championship title overall and their third title in succession.
George Grenville Benedict
George Grenville Benedict (December 10, 1826 – April 8, 1907) was an American politician, newspaper editor and soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Benedict was awarded the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania on July 3, 1863. He was honored with the award on June 27, 1892.

Battle of Gettysburg, third day cavalry battles
On the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg (July 3, 1863) there were two cavalry battles: one approximately three miles (5 km) to the east, in the area known today as East Cavalry Field, the other southwest of the [Big] Round Top mountain (sometimes called South Cavalry Field).

The East Cavalry Field fighting was an attempt by Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's Confederate cavalry to get into the Federal rear and exploit any success that Pickett's Charge may have generated. Union cavalry under Brig. Gens. David McM. Gregg and George Armstrong Custer repulsed the Confederate advances.

In South Cavalry Field, after Pickett's Charge had been defeated, reckless cavalry charges against the right flank of the Confederate Army, ordered by Brig. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick, were easily repulsed, resulting in the death of Brig. Gen. Elon J. Farnsworth.
MS Midnatsol
MS Midnatsol (formerly MS Maud between 2021–2024) is a Hurtigruten vessel built by Bruces Verkstad in Sweden and Fosen Mekaniske Verksteder in Rissa Municipality, Norway in 2001. It is the fourth ship to sail for Hurtigruten to bear this name. She has a sister ship, MS Trollfjord, which also sails for Hurtigruten. Midnatsol was renamed Maud between 2021 and 2024.

Hurtigruten (company)
Hurtigruten is a Norwegian coastal ferry service and cruise line headquartered in Oslo, Norway. It is the larger of two companies currently operating Hurtigruten, the coastal ferry service along the Norwegian coast from which it takes its name.

The CEO is Hedda Felin.
Angels in Disguise (film)
Angels in Disguise is a 1949 comedy film directed by Jean Yarbrough and starring The Bowery Boys. The film was released on September 11, 1949, by Monogram Pictures and is the fifteenth film in the series.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Cyclopina kasignete
Cyclopina kasignete is a species of copepod belonging to the order Cyclopoida, in the family, Cyclopinidae. The species was first described in 2008 by zoologist, Tomislav Karanovic.

The species has been found in Robe, South Australia at Venus Bay and Streaky Bay and is endemic to Australia.  It differs from other Australian Cyclopina species by its females having a long copulatory duct, and the antennula being 10-segmented.

Cyclopoida
The Cyclopoida are an order of small crustaceans from the class Copepoda. Like many other copepods, members of Cyclopoida are small, planktonic animals living both in the sea and in freshwater habitats. They are capable of rapid movement. Their larval development is metamorphic, and the embryos are carried in paired or single sacs attached to first abdominal somite.
Planuncus
Planuncus is a genus of cockroaches native to Old World (especially Europe) described by Bohn in 2013 and belonging to the family Ectobiidae, subfamily Ectobiinae.

The genus was only recently erected in an ongoing effort to create better groupings of species in the Ectobiinae and is composed of species previously classified as Ectobius and Phyllodromica that share a number of characters to set these off from other species in these genera. The defining characters are mainly in the male genitalia and subgenital plate, so externally the species of the genus are not clearly separable by a common denominator from the remaining species still in the genera Ectobius or Phyllodromica.

Ectobius
Ectobius is a genus of non-cosmopolitan cockroaches once thought native to the Old World and described by James Francis Stephens in 1835, belonging to the family Ectobiidae, subfamily Ectobiinae.  The discovery of 4 ectobius cockroaches in Colorado dating to 49 million years ago suggests the genus actually originated in North America. This genus has been subject to a number of revisions.
Dennis Brown (quarterback)
Dennis M. Brown is an American former football player and coach.  He played at the quarterback position for the University of Michigan from 1966 to 1968, the final three years of Bump Elliott's tenure as the school's head football coach.  In his first start at quarterback, Brown broke two Big Ten Conference single-game records with 338 yards of total offense and 61 plays.  At the end of his playing career at Michigan, he held most of the school's career passing records, including passing yards (2,534), pass attempts (388), and touchdown passes (20).  He later served as an assistant football coach at Michigan (1972–1979), West Virginia University (1980–1987), and Arizona State University (1988–1990).

Paul Staroba
Paul Louis Staroba (born January 20, 1949) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and punter in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines from 1968 to 1970.  During the 1970 season, he caught 35 passes for 519 yards and led the Big Ten Conference, and finished fourth in the country, with a 41.5 yard punting average.  He played in the NFL for the Cleveland Browns in 1972 and the Washington Redskins and Green Bay Packers in 1973.
2014 Women's World Hot Air Balloon Championships
2014 Women's World Hot Air Balloon Championships was 1st edition of World Hot Air Ballooning Championships for women held in Leszno, Poland from September 8 to September 13, 2014. Total of 16 tasks were held.

World Hot Air Ballooning Championships
The World Hot Air Ballooning Championships are the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) World Hot Air Balloon Championship and the FAI Women's World Hot Air Balloon Championship. These biennial events for hot air ballooning are conducted under the direction of the FAI Ballooning Commission (CIA or Comité International d'Aérostation).
Carl E. James
Carl E. James FRSC (born 1952) is an Antiguan-born Canadian sociologist and professor of education at York University in Toronto, Canada, where he holds the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community & Diaspora.

James' research focuses on the sociology of education, student athletes, and "the intersections of race, ethnicity,
culture, language, and identity in the Canadian context."

Among his honours, James was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2012 and in 2022 won the Killam Prize for Social Sciences. In 2024, he was one of eleven Black Torontonians selected by the Toronto Transit Commission to have portraits put up through the system during Black History Month.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Economic antisemitism
Economic antisemitism is antisemitism that uses stereotypes and canards that are based on negative perceptions or assertions of the economic status, occupations, or economic behavior of Jews, at times leading to various governmental policies, regulations, taxes, and laws that target or disproportionately impact the economic status, occupations, or behavior of Jews.

The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews
The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews is a three-volume work of pseudo-scholarship, published by the Nation of Islam. The first volume, which was released in 1991, asserts that Jews dominated the Atlantic slave trade. The Secret Relationship has been widely criticized for being antisemitic and for failing to provide an objective analysis of the role of Jews in the slave trade. The American Historical Association issued a statement condemning claims that Jews played a disproportionate role in the Atlantic slave trade, and other historians such as Wim Klooster and Seymour Drescher concluded that the role of Jews in the overall Atlantic slave trade was in fact minimal.

The book uses selective citations in order to exaggerate the role of Jews.