hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Primitive accumulation of capital
In Marxian economics and preceding theories, the problem of primitive accumulation (also called previous accumulation, prior accumulation, or original accumulation) of capital concerns the origin of capital and therefore how class distinctions between possessors and non-possessors came to be.

James Steuart (economist)
Sir James Steuart, 3rd Baronet of Goodtrees and 7th Baronet of Coltness (/ˈstjuːərt/; 21 October 1712 – 26 November 1780), also known as Sir James Steuart Denham, was a prominent Scottish Jacobite and author of "probably the first systematic treatise written in English about economics" and the first book in English with 'political economy' in the title. He assumed the surname of Denham late in life; he inherited his cousin's baronetcy of Coltness in 1773.
Bachhaura, Asoha
Bachhaura is a village in Asoha block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities. As of 2011, its population is 1,802, in 348 households.

The 1961 census recorded Bachhaura (under the spelling "Bachoura") as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 706 (372 male and 334 female), in 139 households and 101 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 627 acres.

Asoha
Asoha is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 16 km north of Purwa, the tehsil headquarters, and 51 km east of Unnao, the district headquarters. The main crops grown here are wheat, barley, gram, juwar, paddy, and pulses, and irrigation is provided by a canal as well as by tanks. The soil here is mostly clay. As of 2011, the population of Asoha is 3,709, in 856 households.

Asoha is the headquarters of a community development block, which was first inaugurated on 1 July 1956 in order to oversee implementation of India's Five-Year Plans at a local and rural level. As of 2011, the block comprises 122 rural villages (including Asoha itself), with a total population of 153,798 people in 30,885 households. Asoha is also the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat.
Picture Peak
Picture Peak is a 13,140+ foot (4,001+ m) mountain summit located one mile east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County in northern California, United States. It is situated in the John Muir Wilderness within the Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 21 miles (34 km) west of the community of Big Pine, and 0.65 miles (1.05 km) east of parent Mount Haeckel. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises over 2,000 feet (610 meters) above Hungry Packer Lake in approximately one-half mile (1 km). The first ascent of the summit was made July 1967, by Gary Colliver and Steve Thompson via the northeast face. This mountain's name has not been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.

Inyo National Forest
Inyo National Forest is a United States National Forest covering parts of the eastern Sierra Nevada of California and the White Mountains of California and Nevada. The forest hosts several superlatives, including Mount Whitney, the highest point in the contiguous United States; Boundary Peak, the highest point in Nevada; and the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, which protects the oldest living trees in the world. The forest, encompassing much of the Owens Valley, was established by Theodore Roosevelt as a way of sectioning off land to accommodate the Los Angeles Aqueduct project in 1907, making the Inyo National Forest one of the least wooded forests in the U.S. National Forest system.
2015 Heartland Championship
The 2015 Heartland Championship, the tenth edition of the Heartland Championship since the 2006 reconstruction of the National Provincial Championship, was a rugby union competition involving the twelve semi-professional rugby unions in New Zealand. The tournament involved a round-robin stage in which the twelve teams played eight games each and then the top four advanced to the Meads Cup semifinals, while fifth to eighth advanced to the Lochore Cup semifinals. In both of these knockout stages the top seeds (first and fifth) played at home against the lowest seeds (fourth and eighth), the second highest seeds (second and sixth) played at home against the third highest seeds (third and seventh) and the final had the higher seed playing at home against the lower seed.

Lochore Cup
The Lochore Cup is a New Zealand rugby union trophy named after famed Wairarapa Bush and All Blacks player and coach Brian Lochore. It is contested during the Heartland Championship. It was first awarded in 2006, when the Heartland Championship format was introduced.
Yanchi County
Yanchi County (simplified Chinese: 盐池县; traditional Chinese: 鹽池縣; pinyin: Yánchí Xiàn; Wade–Giles: Yan2-ch'ih2 Hsien4, Xiao'erjing: يًاچِ ثِيًا) is a county under the administration of Wuzhong city in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, bordering the provinces of Shaanxi to the east and Gansu to the south, as well as Inner Mongolia to the north. Covering a total area of 6,787 km2 (2,620 sq mi), it has a population of about 150,000 people.

Wuzhong, Ningxia
Wuzhong (simplified Chinese: 吴忠; traditional Chinese: 吳忠; pinyin: Wúzhōng; Xiao'erjing: وُجْو شِ) is a prefecture-level city in the Ningxia autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. It was known as Yinnan Prefecture (银南地区; 銀南地區; Yínnán Dìqū; Xiao'erjing: ءٍنًا دِٿِيُوِ) before it was upgraded to a prefecture-level city in 1998. Wuzhong is located in the Northwest of China, with the Yellow River flowing through the center of the city.In 2019, Wuzhong had a population of 1.4 million. By the end of 2024, the resident population of the city was 1,415,300, an increase of 12,600 over the end of the previous year, including 833,100 residents in urban areas.
Athenree
Athenree is a coastal town in the Western Bay of Plenty District of New Zealand. It is on the northern side of Tauranga Harbour, and separated from Waihi Beach by the Waiau River on its north and east side.

The area includes a holiday park with hot springs and Athenree Wetland, which includes a walking track.

The settlement was named for Athenry in Country Galway, Ireland by settlers arriving in 1878, including Captain Hugh Stewart (a brother of George Vesey Stewart) and his wife, Adela Blanche Stewart, who wrote a book about her experiences called My Simple Life in New Zealand. The settlement was initially successful due to the 1878 opening of the Martha gold mine in Waihi, and later because of dairy farming.

Western Bay of Plenty District
Western Bay of Plenty District is a territorial district within the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand. The district envelops Tauranga city by land, and includes Matakana Island, at the entrance to Tauranga Harbour.
Ca (Indic)
Ca is the sixth consonant of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, ca is derived from the early "Ashoka" Brahmi letter , which is probably derived from the North Semitic letter tsade (reflected in the Aramaic , "ts"), with an inversion seen in several other derivatives, after having gone through the Gupta letter .

San (letter)
]........ΑΝ ΑΝΤΑΣ⁞ΧΑ.[
]....ΚΕΑΣ⁞ΑΝΓΑΡΙΟΣ[
]...ΑΥϜΙΟΣ⁞ΣΟΚΛΕΣ⁞[
].ΤΙΔΑΣ⁞ΑΜΥΝΤΑΣ[
]ΤΟΙ ΜΑΛΕϘΟ⁞ΚΑΙ.[

San (Ϻ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. Its shape can be described as a sigma (Σ) turned sideways. It was used as an alternative to sigma to denote the sound /s/. Unlike sigma, whose position in the alphabet is between rho and tau, san appeared between pi and koppa in alphabetic order. In addition to denoting the archaic character, the name "san" also came to be used for sigma itself.
Maildir
The Maildir e-mail format is a common way of storing email messages on a file system, rather than in a database. Each message is assigned a file with a unique name, and each mail folder is a file system directory containing these files. Maildir was designed by Daniel J. Bernstein circa 1995, with a major goal of eliminating the need for program code to handle file locking and unlocking through use of the local filesystem. Maildir design reflects the fact that the only operations valid for an email message is that it be created, deleted or have its status changed in some way.

Email client
An email client, email reader, message user agent (MUA), or mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a user's email.

A web application which provides message management, composition, and reception functions may act as a webmail client, and a piece of computer hardware or software whose primary or most visible role is to work as an email client may also use the term.
Tsutomu Fujimura
Tsutomu Fujimura (藤村 義, Fujimura Tsutomu; born March 28, 1982 in Hikari, Yamaguchi) is an amateur Japanese Greco-Roman wrestler, who competes in the men's welterweight category. He won a bronze medal in his weight category at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China. Fujimura is a member of the wrestling team for The Self-Defence Forces of Japan, under his personal coach Masaki Iimuro, and also, an economics graduate at Tokuyama University.

Fujimura represented Japan at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where he competed for the men's 66 kg class. He received a bye for the preliminary round of sixteen match, before losing out to U.S. wrestler Justin Lester, who was able to score three points each in two straight periods, leaving Fujimura with only a single point.

Justin Lester (wrestler)
Justin "Harry" Lester (born September 30, 1983) is an American former Greco-Roman wrestler. He who won bronze medals at the 2006 and 2007 World Championships. He was also a part of the 2007 USA Greco-Roman World Championship Team. Lester competed at the 2012 Olympics and finished in seventh place.

In April 2019, Lester was placed on unpaid administrative leave from his position as a wrestling coach at St. Vincent-St. Mary High School following allegations of a sexual relationship with a high school student Lester coached.  The student was 18-19 years old at the time of the incident. In July 2019, Lester was charged with sexual battery, a third degree felony.  The charges were later reduced and he was sentenced to probation.
Ghanshyamsinhji Ajitsinhji
HH Major Shri Maharana Maharaja Ghanshyamsinhji Ajitsinhji, GCIE, KCSI, GCStJ, was the 44th ruler of Kingdom of Jhalavad from 1911 to 1942. He was succeeded by his son Mayurdhwajsinhji alias Meghrajji III.

Rani
Rani (Sanskrit: राणी, romanized: Rāṇī) is a female title, equivalent to queen, for royal or princely rulers in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It translates to 'queen' in English. It is also a Sanskrit Hindu feminine given name. The term applies equally to a queen regnant as well as a wife of a Raja/Rai or Rana
2005 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia on 11 October 2005, with a runoff election for the presidency held on 8 November. The presidency and all seats in the House of Representatives and Senate were up for election. The elections were the first held since 1997 and marked the end of the political transition following the second civil war, having been stipulated in the Accra Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2003. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, former World Bank employee and Liberian finance minister, won the presidential contest and became the first democratically elected female African head of state in January 2006.

1997 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia on 19 July 1997 as part of the 1996 peace agreement ending the First Liberian Civil War. The presidency, as well as all seats in the House of Representatives and the Senate were up for election. Voter turnout was around 89%.
Former rebel leader Charles Taylor and his National Patriotic Party (NPP) won the election with 75.3% of the vote, giving it about three-quarters of the legislative seats according to the proportional representation system. Taylor was inaugurated as president on 2 August 1997.

Taylor campaigned on, among other slogans, "He killed my ma, he killed my pa, but I will vote for him." The elections were overseen by the United Nations' peacekeeping mission, United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia, along with a contingent from the Economic Community of West African States. Taylor's closest competitor, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, collected only 10 percent of the vote.
Mantisatta
Mantisatta is a genus of Southeast Asian jumping spiders that was first described by C. A. Warburton in 1900. As of June 2019 it contains only two species, found only in the Philippines and Malaysia: M. longicauda and M. trucidans. The name is a combination of "mantis", in reference to its long first legs, and the common salticid suffix -attus.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Police forces of the states and union territories of India
In India, the police forces of the states and union territories are responsible for law enforcement in the states and union territories. Police and Public Order are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.

The following sections list the State Police forces and Union Territory Police forces in India, along with their specialised units, presented in tabular form.

Additional director general of police
The Additional Director General of Police (Addl. DGP) is a senior rank in the Indian Police Service (IPS). It is the second-highest rank in the state police forces of India, below the Director General of Police (DGP) and above the Inspector General of Police (IGP). Addl.DGPs are responsible for overseeing various aspects of police administration, including law and order, investigations, intelligence, training, and modernization.
H-dropping
H-dropping or aitch-dropping is the deletion of the voiceless glottal fricative or "H-sound", [h]. The phenomenon is common in many dialects of English, and is also found in certain other languages, either as a purely historical development or as a contemporary difference between dialects. Although common in most regions of England and in some other English-speaking countries, and linguistically speaking a neutral evolution in languages, H-dropping is often stigmatized as a sign of careless or uneducated speech, due to its strong association with the lower class.

The reverse phenomenon, H-insertion or H-adding, is found in certain situations, sometimes as an allophone or  hypercorrection by H-dropping speakers, and sometimes as a spelling pronunciation or out of perceived etymological correctness. A particular example of this is the spread of 'haitch' for 'aitch'.

Elision
In linguistics, an elision or deletion is the omission of one or more sounds (such as a vowel, a consonant, or a whole syllable) in a word or phrase. However, these terms are also used to refer more narrowly to cases where two words are run together by the omission of a final sound. An example is the elision of word-final /t/ in English if it is preceded and followed by a consonant: "first light" is often pronounced "firs' light" (/fɜrs laɪt/). Many other terms are used to refer to specific cases where sounds are omitted.
Podbukovje, Trebnje
Podbukovje (pronounced [pɔdˈbuːkɔu̯jɛ], German: Podbukuje) is a former village in eastern Slovenia in the Municipality of Trebnje. It is now part of the village of Arčelca. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Arčelca
Arčelca (pronounced [aɾˈtʃeːu̯tsa], in older sources Arčevce, German: Artschenza) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Jan Wahl
Jan Boyer Wahl (April 1, 1931 – January 29, 2019) was an American children's author. He was a prolific author of over 120 works, and was known primarily for his award-winning children's books, including Pleasant Fieldmouse, The Furious Flycycle, and Humphrey's Bear. Wahl sometimes jokingly referred to himself as "Dr. Mouse", a nickname given him by a young fan.

Uri Shulevitz
Uri Shulevitz (Hebrew: אורי שולביץ; February 27, 1935 – February 15, 2025) was an American writer and illustrator of children's books. He won the 1969 Caldecott Medal for U.S. picture book illustration, recognizing The Fool of the World and the Flying Ship, an Eastern European fairy tale retold by Arthur Ransome in 1916.
Max Wheeler (footballer)
Geoffrey Maxwell Wheeler (21 May 1912 – 17 June 1941) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He played only one VFL game, against Melbourne.

Ballarat Football League
The Ballarat Football League (BFL) is an Australian rules football competition that operates in the Ballarat region of Victoria.

The competition formed in 1893 as the Ballarat Football Association and was renamed Ballarat Football League in 1908 and was briefly known as the Ballarat-Wimmera Football League between 1934 and 1936.
Michael Fabbri
Michael Fabbri is an English stand-up comedian based in Brighton. In 2003 he reached the final of So You Think You're Funny. As well as performing all over the world, he has also performed in several solo shows at festivals.

He has written for Channel 4's television show Stand Up for the Week and was a support act during Micky Flanagan's 'Out Out' tour in 2011.

His BBC Radio 4 comedy series on dyslexia,  Dyslexicon, was produced by Dabster productions and was first broadcast in May 2016 and repeated in September 2018.

Micky Flanagan
Michael John Flanagan (born 7 October 1962) is an English comedian. Flanagan has performed at the Edinburgh Fringe and toured Britain with stand-up shows. He presented Micky Flanagan: What Chance Change? for Radio 4 and has appeared on various TV shows including Mock the Week, A League of Their Own, 8 Out of 10 Cats,  Was It Something I Said?, Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow and I Love My Country.
Ehmaniella
Ehmaniella is a genus of trilobite known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. 392 specimens of Ehmaniella are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.74% of the community.

Ehmaniella's major characteristics are a wide cranidium, heavy eye ridges, longitudinal striae on the pre-glabellar area, and a small pygidium with few segments.

Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At 508 million years old (middle Cambrian), it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints.

The rock unit is a black shale and crops out at several localities near the town of Field in Yoho National Park and the Kicking Horse Pass. Another outcrop is in Kootenay National Park 42 km to the south.
Scooby-Doo! and WWE: Curse of the Speed Demon
Scooby-Doo! and WWE: Curse of the Speed Demon (also known as Scooby-Doo! WrestleMania Mystery 2) is a 2016 direct-to-DVD animated sports comedy mystery and the twenty-seventh entry in the direct-to-video series of Scooby-Doo films. The film is a sequel to Scooby-Doo! WrestleMania Mystery. It is a co-production between Warner Bros. Animation and WWE Studios. It premiered at San Diego Comic-Con on July 23, 2016, followed by a digital release on July 26, 2016. It was released on DVD on August 8, 2016, in the United Kingdom. The film was also released on both DVD and Blu-Ray on August 9, 2016, in the United States by Warner Home Video.

Velma Dinkley
Velma Dinkley is a fictional cartoon character in the Scooby-Doo franchise. She is usually seen wearing a baggy orange turtleneck sweater, a short red pleated skirt, knee high socks, Mary Jane shoes, and a pair of black square glasses, which she frequently loses and is unable to see without. She is seen as the "brains" of the group and also serves as Fred Jones' third-in-command.
Railroads in Omaha
Railroads in Omaha, Nebraska, have been integral to the growth and development of the city, the state of Nebraska, the Western United States and the entire United States. The convergence of many railroad forces upon the city was by happenstance and synergy, as none of the Omaha leaders had a comprehensive strategy for bringing railroads to the city.

Missouri Pacific Railroad
The Missouri Pacific Railroad (reporting mark MP), commonly abbreviated as MoPac, was one of the first railroads in the United States west of the Mississippi River. MoPac was a Class I railroad growing from dozens of predecessors and mergers. In 1967, the railroad operated 9,041 miles of road and 13,318 miles of track, not including DK&S, NO&LC, T&P, and its subsidiaries C&EI and Missouri-Illinois.

Union Pacific Corporation, the parent company of the Union Pacific Railroad, agreed to buy the Missouri Pacific Railroad on January 8, 1980. Lawsuits filed by competing railroads delayed approval of the merger until September 13, 1982. After the Supreme Court denied a trial to the Southern Pacific, the merger took effect on December 22, 1982. However, due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific, its full merger into the Union Pacific Railroad did not become official until January 1, 1997.
SkyPoint Observation Deck
SkyPoint (formerly Q1 Observation Deck and QDeck) is an observation deck located 230 metres (750 ft) off the ground at the top of the Q1 on the Gold Coast, Australia. The attraction is operated by Ardent Leisure.

Observation deck
An observation deck, observation platform, or viewing platform is an elevated sightseeing platform usually situated upon a tall architectural structure, such as a skyscraper or observation tower. Observation decks are sometimes enclosed from weather, and a few may include coin-operated telescopes for viewing distant features.
CodePlex
CodePlex was a forge website by Microsoft. While it was active, it allowed shared development of open-source software. Its features included wiki pages, source control based on Mercurial, TFVC, Subversion, or Git, discussion forums, issue tracking, project tagging, RSS support, statistics, and releases.

While CodePlex once encompassed a wide variety of projects, including SQL Server, WPF, and Windows Forms-related projects, its major activities were focused on .NET Framework (including ASP.NET) and SharePoint. The most prominent and used project that was born inside CodePlex, the AJAX Control Toolkit, is a joint project between the community and Microsoft.

Azure DevOps Server
Azure DevOps Server, formerly known as Team Foundation Server (TFS) and Visual Studio Team System (VSTS), is a Microsoft product that provides version control (either with Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) or Git), reporting, requirements management, project management (for both agile software development and waterfall teams), automated builds, testing and release management capabilities. It covers the entire application lifecycle and enables DevOps capabilities. Azure DevOps can be used as a back-end to numerous integrated development environments (IDEs) but is tailored for Microsoft Visual Studio and Eclipse on all platforms.