hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Bulkowo
Gmina Bulkowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bulkowo, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) east of Płock and 72 km (45 mi) north-west of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 117.11 square kilometres (45.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,905.

Płock County
Płock County (Polish: powiat płocki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Płock, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Gąbin, 17 km (11 mi) south of Płock, Drobin, 29 km (18 mi) north-east of Płock, and Wyszogród, 39 km (24 mi) south-east of Płock.

The county covers an area of 1,798.71 square kilometres (694.5 sq mi). As of 2019, the total country population is 110,987, out of which the population of Gąbin is 4,125, that of Drobin is 2,872, that of Wyszogród is 2,601, and the rural population is 101,389.
Opostega diplardis
Opostega diplardis is a moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1912. It is known from the area of the former Transvaal Province in South Africa.

Adults have been recorded in January.

Opostegidae
Opostegidae or "white eyecap moths" is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera that is characterised by particularly large eyecaps over the compound eyes (see also Nepticulidae, Bucculatricidae, Lyonetiidae). Opostegidae are most diverse in the New World tropics (83 described species, representing 42% of the world total).

These small, whitish moths are probably miners in plant stems. Examples of host plants used in Europe are Lycopus, Mentha and Rumex, but their biology is poorly known. The subfamily Oposteginae comprises 87 described species and Opostegoidinae includes 15 described species.
Communities, regions, and language areas of Belgium
Belgium is a federal state comprising three communities and three regions that are based on four language areas. For each of these subdivision types, the subdivisions together make up the entire country; in other words, the types overlap.

The language areas were established by the Second Gilson Act, which entered into force on 2 August 1963. The division into language areas was included in the Belgian Constitution in 1970. Through constitutional reforms in the 1970s and 1980s, regionalisation of the unitary state led to a three-tiered federation: federal, regional, and community governments were created, a compromise designed to minimize linguistic, cultural, social, and economic tensions.

Flemish Parliament
50°50′51″N 4°22′03″E﻿ / ﻿50.84750°N 4.36750°E﻿ / 50.84750; 4.36750

The Flemish Parliament (Dutch: Vlaams Parlementⓘ, formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad) constitutes the legislative power in Flanders for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and as a cultural community of Belgium (unlike the French Community and Wallonia, which each have separate legislatures: the Parliament of the French Community and the Parliament of Wallonia).

The Flemish Parliament approves decrees, which are Flemish laws, applicable to all persons in the Flemish Region, and to Flemish institutions in Brussels; it appoints and supervises the Flemish Government; and it approves the Flemish budget. The Flemish Parliament meets in the Flemish Parliament building in central Brussels, and its members and staff are housed in the House of the Flemish Representatives.
Sir Robert Chapman, 2nd Baronet
Sir Robert MacGowan Chapman, 2nd Baronet, CBE, TD, JP (12 February 1911  – 2 August 1987) was a Territorial Army officer who served as High Sheriff of Durham from 1960 to 1961, Deputy Lieutenant of Durham from 1952 to 1974, and later Vice-Lord-Lieutenant of Tyne and Wear.

205 (3rd Durham Volunteer Artillery) Battery Royal Artillery
205 (3rd Durham Volunteer Artillery) Battery Royal Artillery is part of the 101st (Northumbrian) Regiment Royal Artillery and is equipped with the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System. It is based in South Shields, United Kingdom.

The Battery can trace its history back to the formation of the 3rd Durham Volunteer Artillery in 1860. Its history exemplifies the single Battle Honour of the Royal Artillery - "Ubique" (Everywhere), serving in the major battles of both world wars.

In more recent times Battery members have seen active service in Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan.
Chung–Erdős inequality
In probability theory, the Chung–Erdős inequality provides a lower bound on the probability that one out of many (possibly dependent) events occurs. The lower bound is expressed in terms of the probabilities for pairs of events.

Formally, let  be events. Assume that  for some . Then

The inequality was first derived by Kai Lai Chung and Paul Erdős (in, equation (4)). It was stated in the form given above by Petrov (in, equation (6.10)).  It can be obtained by applying the Paley–Zygmund inequality to the number of  which occur.

Paley–Zygmund inequality
In mathematics, the Paley–Zygmund inequality bounds the
probability that a positive random variable is small, in terms of
its first two moments. The inequality was
proved by Raymond Paley and Antoni Zygmund.

Theorem: If Z ≥ 0 is a random variable with
finite variance, and if , then

Proof: First,

The first addend is at most , while the second is at most  by the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. The desired inequality then follows. ∎
Pomârla
Pomârla is a commune in Botoșani County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Hulubești, Pomârla, Poiana, and Racovăț.

The commune lies on the banks of the river Pârâul lui Martin. It is located in the northwestern part of the county, 50 km (31 mi) from the county seat, Botoșani, next to the border with Ukraine.

Botoșani
Botoșani (Romanian pronunciation: [botoˈʃanʲ] ⓘ) is the capital city of Botoșani County, in the northern part of Moldavia, Romania. Today, it is best known as the birthplace of many celebrated Romanians, including Mihai Eminescu, Nicolae Iorga and Grigore Antipa.
Emelie Garbers
Emelie Garbers (née Jonsson; born 1 September, 1982) is a Swedish actress.

Her role as the Mimarobe in the 2018 science fiction film Aniara garnered her a Guldbagge Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role at the 55th Guldbagge Awards in January 2020. Other film credits include the 2012 television movie Call Girl.  Her television credits include the drama Dejta on Sveriges Television. She appeared in the 2024 TV series End of Summer.

Garbers was educated at the Royal Swedish Ballet School and the Stockholm University of the Arts.

Guldbagge Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
The Guldbagge for Best Actress in a Leading Role is a Swedish film award presented annually by the Swedish Film Institute (SFI) as part of the Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: "Guldbaggen") to actresses working in the Swedish motion picture industry.
Maine State Route 184
State Route 184 (SR 184) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways, located in Hancock County. It runs from a dead end in Lamoine to U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Ellsworth. It also has a short concurrency with SR 204 in Lamoine. The route is 8.5 miles (13.7 km) long.

U.S. Route 1 in Maine
U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in the U.S. state of Maine is a major north–south section of the United States Numbered Highway System, serving the eastern part of the state. It parallels the Atlantic Ocean from New Hampshire north through Portland, Brunswick, and Belfast to Calais, and then the St. Croix River and the rest of the Canada–United States border via Houlton to Fort Kent. The portion along the ocean, known as the Coastal Route, provides a scenic alternate to Interstate 95 (I-95).
Minister of Foreign Affairs (Hungary)
The minister of foreign affairs of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország külügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current foreign minister is Péter Szijjártó.

The position was called People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs (Hungarian: külügyi népbiztos) during the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919 and Minister besides the King (Hungarian: a király személye körüli miniszter) between 1848 and 1918, except in 1849 when Hungary declared its independence from the Austrian Empire. During the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918) the two countries also had a joint Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Party of Independence and '48
The Party of Independence and '48 (Hungarian: Függetlenségi és 48-as Párt; F48P), also known mostly by its shortened form Independence Party (Hungarian: Függetlenségi Párt), was one of the two major political parties in the Kingdom of Hungary within Austria-Hungary, along with the Liberal Party and then the National Party of Work. During its existence, the F48P strongly opposed the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. The party was revived after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic and restoration of the monarchy.
Coolship
A coolship (Anglicized version of the Dutch/Flemish koelschip) is a type of brewing vessel traditionally used in the production of beer. It is a broad, open-top, flat vessel in which wort cools. The high surface to volume ratio allows for more efficient cooling. Contemporary usage includes any open fermenter used in the production of beer, even when using modern mechanical cooling techniques. Traditionally, coolships were constructed of wood, but later were lined with iron or copper for better thermal conductivity.

The word "coolship" was trademarked by Allagash Brewing Company in the United States. The company later decided to terminate the trademark, in the interests of maintaining good relations with others in the craft beer industry.

Wort
Wort (/ˈwɜːrt/) is the liquid extracted from the mashing process during the brewing of beer or whisky. Wort contains the sugars, the most important being maltose and maltotriose, that will be fermented by the brewing yeast to produce alcohol. Wort also contains crucial amino acids to provide nitrogen to the yeast as well as more complex proteins contributing to beer head (froth) retention and flavour.
Kora Amanikere, Tumakuru
Kora Amanikere is a tiny rural village in the Tumakuru (Tumkur) tehsil, Tumakuru district, Karnataka state, India.  It is located about 80 km northwest of Bangalore, 12 km northwest of Tumakuru, and about 1.5 km south of the village of Kora in the same district. Its PIN is 572128.

According to the 2011 census, Kora Amanikere (census code 611341) had 24 households and 101 inhabitants (including 13 children aged 0–6), and a 84% literacy rate.

Tumkur
Tumkur, officially Tumakuru, is a city and the headquarters of Tumkur district in Karnataka state, India. It is known for the Siddaganga Matha Lingayat monastery. Tumkur hosts India's first mega food park, a project of the ministry of food processing. The India Food Park was inaugurated by Prime Minister of India in September 2014. It is also included in the Smart Cities Mission list and is among the 100 smart cities to be developed in India. Since 28 August 2010, Tumkur has been accorded the status of a city corporation.

Tumkur is an emerging industrial hub in India, and has a large upcoming industrial corridor as well as a Japanese township. A new International stadium is expected to be completed in Tumkur by 2028, where international cricket tournaments can be hosted. The Green Line of the Bengaluru Namma Metro extension is planned to connect with Tumkur after 2030.
2020 Engie Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42
The 2020 Engie Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42 was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Andrézieux-Bouthéon, France between 27 January and 2 February 2020.

Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42
The Engie Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42 is a tournament for professional female tennis players, played on indoor hard courts. The event is classified as a $60,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament and has been held annually in Andrézieux-Bouthéon, France, since 2011.
André Mahé
André Mahé (18 November 1919 – 19 October 2010) was a French road bicycle racer. He was born in Paris, France. He was a professional rider from 1945 until 1954. He jointly won the 1949 classic cycle race Paris–Roubaix with Serse Coppi in controversial fashion. In 1950 he won the classic Paris–Tours race.

Fausto Coppi
Angelo Fausto Coppi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfausto ˈkɔppi]; 15 September 1919 – 2 January 1960) was an Italian cyclist, the dominant international cyclist of the years after the Second World War. His successes earned him the title Il Campionissimo ("Champion of Champions"). He was an all-round racing cyclist: he excelled in both climbing and time trialing, and was also a good sprinter. He won the Giro d'Italia five times (1940, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953), the Tour de France twice (1949 and 1952), and the World Championship in 1953. Other notable results include winning the Giro di Lombardia five times, the Milan–San Remo three times, as well as wins at Paris–Roubaix and La Flèche Wallonne and setting the hour record (45.798 km) in 1942.
Nari Chak
Nari Chak is a village in Hilauli block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 2,129, in 363 households, and it has 3 primary schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Nari Chak as comprising 7 hamlets, with a total population of 1,037 (567 male and 470 female), in 190 households and 164 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,327 acres.

Hilauli
Hilauli is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the road from Maurawan to Bachhrawan in Rae Bareli district, near the banks of the Sai. Hilauli hosts a market twice per week, on sunday and Thursdays, with grain and vegetables being the main items bought and sold. As of 2011, the population of Hilauli is 13,318, in 2,533 households.

Hilauli also serves as the headquarters of a community development block, which encompasses 68 villages (including Hilauli itself) and has a total population of 178,460 people in 32,880 households.
History of Bukhara
The history of Bukhara goes back thousands of years, beginning with Aryan settlement in the region. The city of Bukhara, now the capital of the Bukhara Region (viloyat) of Uzbekistan, is located on the Silk Road and has long been a centre of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. During the Golden age of Islam, under the rule of Samanids, Bukhara became the intellectual centre of the Islamic world. In medieval times, Bukhara served as the capital of the Khanate of Bukhara and was the birthplace of Imam Bukhari.

UNESCO has listed the historic centre of Bukhara, which contains numerous mosques and madrassas, as one of the World Heritage Sites.

Bukhara functioned as one of the main centres of Persian civilization from its early days in the 6th century BCE. The city's architectural and archaeological sites form one of the pillars of Central Asian history and art. The region of Bukhara had long formed part of the Persian Empire.

Ark of Bukhara
The Ark of Bukhara is a massive fortress located in the city of Bukhara, Uzbekistan, that was initially built and occupied around the 5th century AD. The Ark's current structure began to develop during the 16th century under the Shaybanid Uzbek dynasty, while all of its existing buildings were constructed in the last three centuries. In addition to being a military structure, the Ark encompassed what was essentially a town that, during much of the fortress's history, was inhabited by the various royal courts that held sway over the region surrounding Bukhara. The Ark was used as a fortress until it fell to Russia in 1920. Currently, the Ark is a tourist attraction and houses museums covering its history. The museums and other restored areas include an archaeological museum, the throne room, the reception and coronation court, a local history museum, and the court mosque.
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan
The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), also known as the Afghan Transitional Authority, was the temporary transitional government in Afghanistan established by the loya jirga in June 2002. The Transitional Authority succeeded the original Islamic State of Afghanistan and preceded the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.

Haji Abdul Qadeer
Hajji Abdul Qadeer (Pashto: حاجی عبدالقدیر; c. 1951 – 6 July 2002) was an Afghan politician and prominent Northern Alliance leader who fought the Taliban during the Third Afghan Civil War. Originally a commander of the Hezb-i Islami Khalis faction during the Soviet–Afghan War, he then served as governor of Nangarhar Province, the head of the Eastern Afghanistan Shura, and later Vice President of Afghanistan and Minister of Public Works in the administration of Hamid Karzai from 19 June 2002 until his assassination on 6 July 2002. He was the older brother of fellow anti-Soviet and Northern Alliance commander Abdul Haq, who was assassinated in late 2001 by the Taliban.
Hoshyar Zebari
Hoshyar Mahmud Mohammed Zebari, or simply Hoshyar Zebari (also spelled Hoshyar Zibari, Kurdish: Hişyar Zêbarî; born 23 September 1953) is an Iraqi - Kurdish politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of the country in 2014 and as Minister of Finance until 2016. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2003 to 2014.

Kurds in Iraq
Kurds are the second largest ethnic group of Iraq. They traditionally speak the Kurdish languages of Sorani, Kurmanji, Feyli and also Gorani.

Historically, Kurds in Iraq have experienced varying degrees of autonomy and marginalization. While the Treaty of Sèvres (1920) proposed Kurdish independence, this was never implemented, and Iraqi Kurds were incorporated into the modern state of Iraq. Following the withdrawal of the Iraqi Army from the Kurdistan Region in 1991, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) was established, and ultimately recognized by the Iraqi government in 2005, granting the region a degree of self-governance. Iraqi Kurdistan remains a significant political and cultural entity within Iraq.
Jungle Drums (radio serial)
Jungle Drums is a 1937 Australian radio serial by Maxwell Dunn. It was his first radio drama and was very popular, launching his career.

The serial replaced As Ye Sow as the ABC's national serial.

Dunn followed it with other serials, Light Sinister, The Highest Command and Moon Magic. The latter was also set in Africa.

As Ye Sow
As Ye Sow is a 1937 Australian radio serial by Edmund Barclay. It told the story of six generations of Australians in early colonial Australia.

It was "regarded by many critics as the greatest contribution to Australian historical drama."
Thirty a Week
Thirty a Week is a lost 1918 silent film drama directed by Harry Beaumont and starring Tom Moore and  sixteen year old ingenue Tallulah Bankhead in one of her first screen appearances. It was produced and distributed by Goldwyn Pictures.

Goldwyn Pictures
Goldwyn Pictures Corporation was an American motion picture production company that operated from 1916 to 1924 when it was merged with two other production companies to form the major studio, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was founded on November 19, 1916, by Samuel Goldfish (who later changed his name to Goldwyn), an executive at Lasky's Feature Play Company, and Broadway producer brothers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn, using an amalgamation of both last names to name the company.

The studio proved moderately successful, but became most famous due to its iconic Leo the Lion trademark. Although Metro was the nominal survivor, the merged studio inherited Goldwyn's old facility in Culver City, California, where it would remain until 1986. The merged studio also retained Goldwyn's Leo the Lion logo.

Lee Shubert of The Shubert Organization was an investor in the company.
Agustín Canobbio
Agustín Canobbio Graviz (born 1 October 1998) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Fluminense and the Uruguay national team.

2018 Campeonato Uruguayo Primera División
The 2018 Liga Profesional de Primera División season, also known as the Campeonato Uruguayo 2018, was the 115th season of Uruguay's top-flight football league, and the 88th in which it is professional. The season was named as "Ing. Julio César Franzini" and began on 3 February, ending on 11 November. Peñarol were the defending champions, and successfully defended the title with a 2–1 win over Nacional in the championship playoff.
Clackamas people
The Clackamas Indians are a band of Chinook of Native Americans who historically lived along the Clackamas River in the Willamette Valley, Oregon.

Today, Clackamas people are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon.

In 1806, Lewis and Clark estimated their population to be 1,800. At the time the tribe lived in 12 villages located from the lower Columbia River to an area that is now called Oregon City. They resided towards the east side of the Willamette River. In February 1841, Reverend François Norbert Blanchet and Reverend Alvin F. Waller converted Clackamas Chief Popoh.

The Clackamas signed a treaty in the fall of 1851, which Oregon Superintendent Anson Dart failed to ratify. They signed another treaty on January 10, 1855, which was ratified on March 3, 1855. The Clackamas were promised $2,500 worth of resources, but the United States only paid a fifth of what was owed.

Oregon City, Oregon
Oregon City is a city in and the county seat of Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, located on the Willamette River near the southern limits of the Portland metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 37,572. Established in 1829 by the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1844, it became the first U.S. city west of the Rocky Mountains to be incorporated.
Abel P. Upshur
Abel Parker Upshur (June 17, 1790 – February 28, 1844) was an American lawyer, planter, judge, and politician from the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Active in Virginia state politics for decades, with a brother and a nephew who became distinguished U.S. Navy officers, Judge Upshur left the Virginia bench to become the Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of State during the administration of President John Tyler, a fellow Virginian. He negotiated the treaty that led to the 1845 Texas annexation to the United States and helped ensure that it was admitted as a slave state. Upshur died on February 28, 1844, when a gun on the warship USS Princeton exploded during a demonstration.

Accomack County, Virginia
Accomack County is a United States county that, together with Northampton County, constitutes the Eastern Shore region of the Commonwealth of Virginia. These two counties also form the southern portion of the Delmarva Peninsula, which is bordered by the Chesapeake Bay to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The town of Accomac serves as the county seat, while Chincoteague is the largest town in the county.

The area was named for the Accawmack Indians, who resided in the area when the English first explored it in 1603. The region was known as Accomac Shire until it was renamed Northampton County in 1642. The present Accomack County was then carved out of Northampton County in 1663.

As of the 2020 census, Accomack County had a total population of 33,413. The population has remained relatively stable over the 20th century, though Accomack is one of the poorest parts of Virginia.