hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spoken (app)
Spoken (also known as Spoken - Tap to Talk AAC and Spoken AAC) is a mobile application and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) tool launched in 2019. The app was designed to aid individuals with speech and language impairments like aphasia or nonverbal autism, using a combination of symbols, text, and voice output.

Audio deepfake
Audio deepfake technology, also referred to as voice cloning or deepfake audio, is an application of artificial intelligence designed to generate speech that convincingly mimics specific individuals, often synthesizing phrases or sentences they have never spoken. Initially developed with the intent to enhance various aspects of human life, it has practical applications such as generating audiobooks and assisting individuals who have lost their voices due to medical conditions. Additionally, it has commercial uses, including the creation of personalized digital assistants, natural-sounding text-to-speech systems, and advanced speech translation services.
Ellingråsa Lighthouse
Ellingråsa Lighthouse (Norwegian: Ellingråsa fyrstasjon) is a lighthouse that is located on the island of Bjørøya in the Folda sea in Flatanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The lighthouse was completed in 1888 to replace the old Villa Lighthouse which closed in 1890.  Ellingråsa Lighthouse was automated in 1959.

The 5.7-metre (19 ft) tall tower emits a white, red or green light (depending on direction), flashing twice every five seconds.  The light can be seen for up to 7.5 nmi (13.9 km; 8.6 mi) away.  The tower sits right next to the old Ellingråsa Lighthouse building which was closed in 2001.

Folda, Trøndelag
Folda is a firth and a fjord in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located within Flatanger Municipality, Namsos Municipality, and Nærøysund Municipality. The large wide firth is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) long which then narrows into a fjord which is about 75 kilometres (47 mi) long. The narrower fjord part of Folda is often called the Foldfjorden or Innerfolda. Most of the fjord is very narrow, some places with steep cliffs. It has the largest length to width factor among Norway's fjords. The fjord is crossed by the Norwegian County Road 17 road using the Folda Bridge at the village of Foldereid. Spruce forests cover most areas around the fjord. The outer-Folda area is notorious for its rough seas and has been called an "ocean graveyard" (Norwegian: havets kirkegård).
William Guy Carr
William James Guy Carr (R.D. Commander R.C.N. (R)) (2 June 1895 – 2 October 1959) was an English-born Canadian naval officer, author and conspiracy theorist.

Though he first came to notice with books about his military experiences as a submariner, Carr later turned to writing about a vast conspiracy, which he alleged to have uncovered. He was described as "the most influential source in creating the American Illuminati demonology", according to the American folklorist Bill Ellis.

In the 1950s, he was the leader of the anticommunist National Federation of Christian Laymen of Toronto, Ontario. He was also one of the directors of the Naval Club of Toronto.

Anti-Masonry
Anti-Masonry (alternatively called anti-Freemasonry) is "avowed opposition to Freemasonry", which has led to multiple forms of religious discrimination, violent persecution, and suppression in some countries as well as in various organized religions (primarily Abrahamic religions). That said, there is no homogeneous anti-Masonic movement. Anti-Masonry consists of radically differing criticisms from frequently incompatible political institutions and organized religions that oppose each other, and are hostile to Freemasonry in some form.
Quintus Valerius Orca
Quintus Valerius Orca (fl. 50s–40s BC) was a Roman praetor, a governor of the Roman province of Africa, and a commanding officer under Julius Caesar in the civil war against Pompeius Magnus and the senatorial elite. The main sources for Orca's life are letters written to him by Cicero and passages in Caesar's Bellum Civile.

Colonia (Roman)
A Roman colonia (pl.: coloniae) was originally a settlement of Roman citizens, establishing a Roman outpost in federated or conquered territory, for the purpose of securing it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of a Roman city. It is also the origin of the modern term "colony".
Hypericum decaisneanum
Hypericum decaisneanum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. Named for French botanist Joseph Decaisne, it is a small perennial herb that grows mostly upright. It has thick, papery leaves and up to twenty flowers with bright yellow petals. Endemic to the Jebel al Akhdar province of Libya, H. decaisneanum is found in the cracks of limestone rocks on steep escarpments. It is a member of numerous plant communities and associations of chasmophytes, of which it is sometimes a key species. First described in 1899, the species was originally placed in section Taeniocarpium of the genus Hypericum, but more recently it has been considered a member of section Adenosepalum.

Jules Alexandre Daveau
Jules Alexandre Daveau (29 February 1852, Argenteuil – 24 August 1929) was a French botanist known for his investigations of Portuguese flora.

As a teenager he began work as an apprentice gardener at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. In 1875, he was sent on a botanical expedition to Cyrenaica.  He collected specimens for a Portuguese botanist Julio Augusto Henriques on Berlenga Grande Island, Portugal.

From 1876 to 1893 he served as head gardener of the botanical gardens in Lisbon. Afterwards, he was curator in the herbarium  and botanical garden in Montpellier.

Plants with the specific epithet of daveauanus are named after Daveau, an example being: Erigeron daveauanus.
Gallery House, London
Gallery House, London was a nonprofit art space founded in 1972 by Sigi Krauss, which was open for sixteen months until its abrupt closure in 1973. Gallery House hosted exhibitions, residencies, performances, "happenings", and events.

Gustav Metzger
Gustav Metzger (10 April 1926, Nuremberg – 1 March 2017, London) was a stateless artist and political activist who developed the concept of Auto-Destructive Art and the Art Strike. 
Together with John Sharkey, he initiated the Destruction in Art Symposium in 1966.

Metzger was recognised for his protests in the political and artistic realms.
St Mary the Virgin's Church, Aylesbury
The Church of St Mary the Virgin, Aylesbury, is an Anglican church of the Diocese of Oxford, in the centre of the town of Aylesbury. There is evidence of a church from Saxon times, but the present building was built sometime between 1200 and 1250, with various additions and alterations in the 14th, 15th, 19th and 20th century.

The church is one of the most recognisable sights of Aylesbury; its ornate clock tower dominates the skyline. The church is currently a Grade I listed building as it is a building of exceptional interest.

Pew
A pew (/ˈpjuː/) is a long bench seat or enclosed box, used for seating members of a congregation or choir in a synagogue, church, wedding chapel, funeral home, cemetery or mausoleum chapel and sometimes a courtroom. Occasionally, they are also found in live performance venues (such as the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, which was formerly a church). In Christian churches of the Catholic, Lutheran, and Anglican traditions, kneelers are an essential part of the pew, that are used during various parts of the liturgy.
Robert Munro (lawyer)
Sir Robert Lindsay Munro (2 April 1907 – 12 July 1995) was a New Zealand-born lawyer who held several prominent positions in Fiji, including being the first chairman of the Fijian Broadcasting Corporation and the first President of the Senate.

President of the Senate of Fiji
The President was the presiding officer of the Fijian Senate.

In the 2013 Constitution, the Senate was abolished, and replaced by a single chamber Parliament.

The following persons held the office of President (note that between the first of two military coups in 1987, the Senate did not function until the restoration of constitutional rule in 1992):
La Borbolla
La Borbolla is one of 28 parishes (administrative divisions) in Llanes, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.  It has a population of 155 inhabitants, and its parish church is dedicated to St. Sebastian. It is nestled near the Cantabrian Sea and within the Sierra del Cuera mountain range, close to the Picos de Europa and the border with Cantabria.

Llanes
Llanes (the Concejo de Llanes, Conceyu de Llanes in Asturian language) is a municipality of the province of Asturias, in northern Spain. Stretching for about 30 km along the coast at the extreme east of the province, Llanes is bounded to the south by the high ridge of the limestone Sierra del Cuera, which rises to over 1,100 m. The region is part of the Costa Verde (Green Coast) of Spain, which is known for its spectacular coastal scenery, with 32 white sand beaches, and mountains covered with a deep green mantle. Llanes lies to the north of the Picos de Europa, a mountain range whose geology is almost entirely of limestone karst.

Most of the inhabitants of the district live on the coastal plain, on which the largest town is Llanes itself, with a population of about 4,000 out of the total for the district of about 13,000. The folklore, food, and fiestas of the region are famous for their colour and history.
PS Karlsruhe Lions
The PS Karlsruhe Lions are a German professional basketball team located in Karlsruhe. The team competes in Germany's ProA league, the country's second division. In 2017, the team promoted from the third tier ProB to the second tier. The team is part of the multi-sports club Post Südstadt Karlsruhe (PSK).

As of 2024, the team has been the reigning champion of the German ProA league.

Post Südstadt Karlsruhe
Post Südstadt Karlsruhe e.V. – Verein für Sport, Freizeit, Gesundheit und Integration (mostly abbreviated to Post Südstadt Karlsruhe or just PSK) is a German sports club from the city of Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg that was formed in 2001 through the merger of Karlsruhe VfB Südstadt (established in 1896) and Postsportverein Karlsruhe (established in 1927). The footballers of VfB, playing as Karlsruher FC Südstadt sometime early in the club's history, are notable as founding members of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fussball Bund or German Football Association) in Leipzig in 1900.
Margherita d'Anjou
Margherita d'Anjou is an opera semiseria in two acts by Giacomo Meyerbeer. The Italian libretto was by Felice Romani after a text based on legends around the English Wars of the Roses by René-Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt. The title role is the Queen Margaret of Shakespeare's Henry VI plays, who also appears in Richard III. Margherita d'Anjou is the first opera by Meyerbeer to mix historical events and personages with fictional characters and situations, as his French grand operas Les Huguenots, Le prophète and L'Africaine were later to do. It is the fourth of Meyerbeer's Italian operas and was his first international success.

Opera semiseria
Opera semiseria ('semi-serious opera') is an Italian genre of opera, popular in the early and middle 19th century.

Related to the opera buffa, opera semiseria contains elements of comedy but also of pathos, sometimes with a pastoral setting. It can usually be distinguished from tragic operas or melodramas by the presence of a basso buffo.  One of the better-known examples is Gaetano Donizetti's Linda di Chamounix. Another example is Gioacchino Rossini's La gazza ladra. Vincenzo Bellini's La sonnambula has all the characteristics of the genre except the presence of the required basso buffo and is regarded as both opera seria and opera semiseria.
PEPPSI
PEPPSI is an abbreviation for pyridine-enhanced precatalyst preparation stabilization and initiation. It refers to a family of commercially available palladium catalysts developed around 2005 by Prof. Michael G. Organ and co-workers at York University, which can accelerate various carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond forming cross-coupling reactions. In comparison to many alternative palladium catalysts, Pd-PEPPSI-type complexes are stable to air and moisture and are relatively easy to synthesize and handle.

Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. 
An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −CnH2n−1.
Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH3.
How It Began
How It Began: A Time Traveler's Guide to the Universe  is a non-fiction book by the astronomer Chris Impey that discusses the history of the universe, with chapters ranging from the proximate universe to within an iota of the Big Bang. It was published as a hardcover by W. W. Norton & Company in 2012 and as a paperback in 2013. It is actually the prequel to his 2010 book How it Ends: From You to the Universe, which talks about how everything, from individual humans, to the human species, to the Earth, and finally, the universe, might one day end in the future.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
1994 Solheim Cup
The third Solheim Cup match took place from October 21 to October 23, 1994, at The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, United States. The United States team regained the cup from the European team winning by 13 points to 7.

Solheim Cup
The Solheim Cup is a biennial golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States. It is named after the Norwegian-American golf club manufacturer Karsten Solheim, who was a driving force behind its creation.

The inaugural Cup was held in 1990, and the event was first staged in even numbered years until 2002, alternating years with the Ryder Cup (the equivalent men's event).  As part of the general reshuffling of team golf events after the one-year postponement of the 2001 Ryder Cup following the September 11 attacks, the Solheim Cup switched to odd numbered years beginning in 2003. Another reshuffle of team golf events took place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Solheim Cup returned to even numbered years beginning in 2024.

The United States teams have won the cup eleven times, compared with eight for Europe. The current holders are the US, who regained the cup with a 15.5–12.5 win in 2024.
Richard L. Jensen
Richard Louis Jensen (born 1943) is an American historian who specializes in the study of the 19th-century Latter Day Saint movement in Europe and of 19th-century European Latter Day Saint immigrants in the United States. Jensen received his Bachelor of Arts degree in history from Utah State University and a Master of Arts degree in history from Ohio State University in 1972. Among his writings are Mormons in Early Victorian Britain. Jensen was a research historian with the Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Church History during its entire existence. Jensen is one of the co-editors involved in the Joseph Smith Papers Project. He edited The Joseph Smith Papers, Journals, Volume 1: 1832-1839 with Dean C. Jessee and Mark Ashurst-McGee, and The Joseph Smith Papers, Histories, Volume 2: Assigned Histories, 1831–1847 with Karen Lynn Davidson and David J. Whittaker.

Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Church History
The Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Church History (later renamed to Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History) was an academic research organization at Brigham Young University (BYU) from 1980 to 2005 that sought to promote the study of the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Pular (volcano)
Pular is a volcanic massif in the northern Chilean Andes, in the Antofagasta Region north of Socompa volcano. It consists of the individual mountains Pajonales and Pular, which are among the highest mountains in the region and of great cultural importance to the neighbouring towns of Socaire and Peine. Pular and Pajonales have multiple volcanic craters and have produced lava domes. The mountains were active during the last three million years; whether there was any activity in historical times is unclear. The mountains are largely unglaciated in the present, owing to the dry climate, although groundwater originates on them. During the Last Glacial Maximum, glacial advances left a girdle of moraines around the massif.

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
Isis Brantley
Isis S. Brantley (born 1958) is an American natural-hair stylist, entrepreneur, educator, and activist based in Dallas, Texas. She is best known for leading a decades-long campaign that resulted in the deregulation of natural hair-braiding in Texas in 2015.

Natural hair movement
The natural hair movement is a movement which aims to encourage people of sub-Saharan African descent to embrace their natural, afro-textured hair, especially in the workplace. It originated in the United States during the 1960s, and resurged in popularity in the 2000s.
Cyperus croceus
Cyperus croceus, commonly known as Baldwin's flatsedge, is a species of sedge that is native to parts of North America, Central America, and South America.

The species was first formally described by the botanist Martin Vahl in 1805.

C. croceus requires a semi-tropical climate for growth. It occurs in moist environments, and has been observed growing in floodplains and fluvial environments.

Cyperus
Cyperus is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions.

The word comes from the ancient Greek κύπερος (kúperos), which meant one or several species of this genus. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges, galingales, and zozoro (from Malagasy).
Durango–La Plata County Airport
Durango–La Plata County Airport (IATA: DRO, ICAO: KDRO, FAA LID: DRO) – also known as Durango Airport and La Plata County Airport – is a city- and county-owned public airport located approximately 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Durango, in La Plata County, Colorado, United States.

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility. Federal Aviation Administration records say it had 134,386 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 148,077 in 2009 and 163,611 in 2010.

Frontier Airlines (1950–1986)
Frontier Airlines was a local service carrier, a scheduled airline in the United States that was formed by the merger of Arizona Airways, Challenger Airlines, and Monarch Air Lines on June 1, 1950. Headquartered at the now-closed Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado, the airline ceased operations on August 24, 1986. A new airline using the same name was founded eight years later in 1994.
Route 436 (Israel–Palestine)
Route 436 is a regional arterial road in Israel and the West Bank between Jerusalem and Givat Ze'ev. The southern portion begins as a major urban artery in Jerusalem's predominantly Hareidi neighborhoods leading to Highway 50 (Begin Boulevard), to Highway 1 and to the northern neighborhood of Ramot. Further north, the road runs alongside portions of Israel's West Bank Barrier as it approaches Givat Ze'ev. It crosses Route 443 to the Tel Aviv area and Highway 45 to Atarot and ends at the Beitunia section of the security barrier. The speed limit begins at 50 kilometres per hour (31 mph) along its urban section becoming 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph) as it passes through Ramot and then becoming 90 km/h as it leaves the Jerusalem municipality northwards. The road officially ends at the Beitunya cargo transfer terminal.

Highway 45 (Israel)
Highway 45 is the official designation of a 3.3 km stretch of road forming a continuous connection between Route 443 from the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area and Highway 50 (Begin Boulevard) to central Jerusalem and a 1.4 km spur serving the Atarot Industrial Park.
1988 Honda Classic
The 1988 Honda Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the San Juan Central Park in San Juan in Puerto Rico and was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1988 WTA Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from October 10 through October 16, 1988. Fourth-seeded Anne Minter won the singles title and earned $12,000 first-prize money.

1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the 16th elite tour for professional women's tennis of the Women's International Tennis Association (WITA) for the 1988 season. The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WITA Tour Championships and the WTA Category 1-5 events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.

The tour was governed by the Women's International Professional Tennis Council (WIPTC), a cooperation between WITA, ITF and recognized tournaments. Philip Morris sponsored the tour under its 
Virginia Slims brand.

Steffi Graf became the first singles player in history to win the Golden Slam by taking the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and US Open singles titles, along with the Olympic gold medal. Graf's defeat by Pam Shriver in the semifinals of the Virginia Slims Championships deprived her of a Super Slam.
Crusaders for Democracy
Crusaders for Democracy is a Tamil political party led by Nadesapillai Vithyatharan a Journalist who was the Editor of the Uthayan and  consists of former LTTE cadres. It was started the near the Nallur Kandaswamy temple where Thileepan fasted to death in a hunger strike against the IPKF.
The party was started after the Tamil National Alliance refused to nominate them for political reasons. However, Crusaders for Democracy will contest as an independent group but will not campaign against the  Tamil National Alliance and will contest only from Jaffna  as it did not want to split Tamil votes in other areas.

Thileepan
Rasaiah Parthipan (Tamil: இராசையா பார்த்திபன்; 29 November 1963 – 26 September 1987; commonly known by the nom de guerre Thileepan) was a Tamil Eelam revolutionary and member of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a separatist Tamil militant organisation in Sri Lanka. He died while on hunger strike.
Lawrence Mangano
Lawrence "Dago Lawrence" Mangano (February 27, 1892 – August 3, 1944) was a Chicago organized crime figure and member of the Chicago Outfit during the 1920s to the 1940s. He was a relative of Joseph Mangano and Philip Mangano, of Chicago, and a suspected relative of New York City Mafia Boss Vincent Mangano.

Philip Mangano
Philip Mangano (born Filippo Mangano, Italian: [fiˈlippo ˈmaŋɡano]; April 13, 1898 – April 19, 1951) was an Italian-born caporegime and second consigliere in what was then the Mangano crime family in New York City and reigned consigliere for 20 years between 1931 and 1951 when his brother, Vincent, was boss.

Mangano was involved with the International Longshoremen's Association and in New York City politics.

In 1923, Mangano was indicted on murder charges, but was never convicted.