hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bridgeton (baseball)
The Bridgeton team was a minor league baseball team based in Bridgeton, New Jersey from 1895 to 1897.  Bridgeton played as members of the South New Jersey League from 1895 to 1896 and New Jersey State League in 1897. Bridgeton was without a known team moniker, common in the era.

Bridgeton, New Jersey
Bridgeton is a city in Cumberland County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is the county seat of Cumberland County and is located on the Cohansey River near Delaware Bay in the South Jersey region of the state.

As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 27,263, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 1,914 (+7.6%) from the 25,349 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,578 (+11.3%) from the 22,771 counted in the 2000 census. Bridgeton and Vineland are the two principal cities of the Vineland-Bridgeton metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses those cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes and which constitutes a part of the Delaware Valley (i.e. the Philadelphia metro area).

As of 2020, Bridgeton had the 13th-highest property tax rate in New Jersey with an equalized rate of 4.598% compared to 3.089% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.
ACX1 Studios
ACX1 Studios is a four-story 550,000-square-foot multi-use facility on a beach pier on the boardwalk in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The pier has hosted a variety of attractions and shopping experiences since it was first built in the early twentieth century. The pier reopened as a film production studio, music incubator, and entertainment venue in 2024 to host film shoots attracted to the robust South Jersey-specific film tax credits.

Dead mall
A dead mall, also known as a ghost mall or zombie mall, is a shopping mall that has low consumer traffic or is deteriorating in some manner.

Many malls in North America are considered "dead" when they have no surviving anchor store or successor that could attract people to the mall. Without the pedestrian traffic that department stores previously generated, sales volumes decline for almost all stores and rental revenues from those stores can no longer sustain the costly maintenance of the malls.
Planned giving
Planned giving (less commonly known as gift planning) is an area of fundraising that refers to several specific gift types that can be funded with cash, equity, or property.  These gift vehicles are commonly based on United States tax law, but Canada, the United Kingdom, and other nations are beginning to establish similar laws. In the United States the specific rules of planned giving are defined by the United States Congress and the Internal Revenue Service.

Charitable trust
A charitable trust is an irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes. In some jurisdictions, it is a more specific term than "charitable organization". A charitable trust enjoys varying degrees of tax benefits in most countries and also generates goodwill. Some important terminology in charitable trusts includes the term "corpus" (Latin for "body"), referring to the assets with which the trust is funded, and the term "donor," which is the person donating assets to a charity.
Public image of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner was the President of Argentina between 2007 and 2015 and the Vice President of Argentina between 2019 and 2023. She maintained a very informal social media presence, as well as a fashionable appearance. As a political figure, Fernández de Kirchner was a very divisive figure, and was one of the figureheads of the Kirchnerist Argentine political establishment.

2011 Argentine general election
General elections were held in Argentina on Sunday, 23 October 2011. Incumbent president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner of the Front for Victory won in a landslide, with 54% of the vote, securing a second term in office. The Front for Victory won just over half of the seats in the National Congress. As of 2023, this marked the last time the vice president-elect was not a woman.

Mercosur Parliamentarians were also popularly elected for the first time. Another novelty was the introduction of open, simultaneous and mandatory primaries. These took place 14 August 2011 to select the candidates of each political party or coalition.
Flint (G.I. Joe)
Flint is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero series. He was originally created as a character for the Sunbow G.I. Joe animated series in 1984, and later introduced into the comic book and produced as an action figure in 1985. He is portrayed by D.J. Cotrona in the 2013 film G.I. Joe: Retaliation.

Cobra Troopers
The Cobra Troopers serve as the basic foot soldiers of the Cobra Organization, as part of the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. They are generally depicted as legions of uniformed soldiers, nearly all of them masked to appear anonymous, and widely diversified according to specialties and functions.
De la Savane station
De la Savane station (French pronunciation: [də la savan]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Orange Line. It is located in the Côte-des-Neiges area on the border of the town of Mount Royal. It opened on January 9, 1984.

Côte-des-Neiges
Côte-des-Neiges (French pronunciation: [kot de nɛːʒ], locally [koʊ̯t de naɪ̯ʒ]) is a neighbourhood of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at the geographic centre of the Island of Montreal on the western slope of Mount Royal and is part of the borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce.
1919 United States anarchist bombings
From April through June 1919, a series of bombings were carried out or attempted across the United States by Galleanists (followers of Italian insurrectionary anarchist Luigi Galleani).  The targets included anti-immigration politicians, anti-anarchist officials, and prominent businessmen, as well as a journalist and a church. Almost all of the bombs were sent by mail. The bombings were one of the major factors contributing to the First Red Scare. Two people were killed, including one of the bombers, and two injured.

Cronaca Sovversiva
Cronaca Sovversiva (Subversive Chronicle) was an Italian-language, United States–based anarchist newspaper associated with Luigi Galleani from 1903 to 1920. It is one of the country's most significant anarchist periodicals.
1977 Virginia ballot measures
The 1977 Virginia State Elections took place on Election Day, November 8, 1977, the same day as the Gubernatorial, Lieutenant gubernatorial, Attorney General and Virginia House of Delegates elections, which are always held in off-years. The only other statewide elections on the ballot were five government bond referendums, which were referred to the voters by the Virginia General Assembly.

1977 Virginia gubernatorial election
In the 1977 Virginia gubernatorial election, incumbent Governor Mills E. Godwin, Jr., a Republican, was unable to seek re-election due to term limits. John N. Dalton, the Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, was nominated by the Republican Party to run against the Democratic nominee, former Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Henry Howell.

This was the only instance in Virginia's history in which the Republican Party won the gubernatorial election for a third time consecutively. It is also the last time when Arlington County and the independent cities of Charlottesville, Falls Church, Richmond, Roanoke and Williamsburg voted Republican for Governor.
Naming conventions of the International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) requires specific names for the symbols and diacritics used in the alphabet.

It is often desirable to distinguish an IPA symbol from the sound it is intended to represent, since there is not a one-to-one correspondence between symbol and sound in broad transcription. The symbol's names and phonetic descriptions are described in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. The symbols also have nonce names in the Unicode standard. In some cases, the Unicode names and the IPA names do not agree. For example, IPA calls ɛ "epsilon", but Unicode calls it "small letter open E".

Tenuis lateral click
A voiceless or more precisely tenuis lateral click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa.
The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for a tenuis lateral click with a velar rear articulation is ⟨k͡ǁ⟩ or ⟨k͜ǁ⟩, commonly abbreviated to ⟨kǁ⟩, ⟨ᵏǁ⟩ or just ⟨ǁ⟩; a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is ⟨k͡ʖ⟩ or ⟨k͜ʖ⟩, abbreviated ⟨kʖ⟩, ⟨ᵏʖ⟩ or just ⟨ʖ⟩. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are ⟨q͡ǁ, q͜ǁ, qǁ, 𐞥ǁ⟩ and ⟨q͡ʖ, q͜ʖ, qʖ, 𐞥ʖ⟩.
Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ⟨ǁk⟩ or ⟨ǁᵏ⟩; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.
Madonna (name)
Madonna (/məˈdɒnə/) is a medieval name, originally used as a respectful form of address to an Italian woman. It comes from the Old Italian phrase ma donna which means "my lady". It was adopted as one of the titles for Mary, mother of Jesus in Roman Catholic tradition in the 17th century. Its usage has been present in Western Christian art and literature.

The name has also become associated in contemporaneous culture with American singer Madonna (full name: Madonna Louise Ciccone) since late twentieth century. She registered her name for trademark in the United States during the 1980s. Her trademark was also recognized internationally when she won a legal case in 2000 through the United Nations' arbitration at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

Madonna–whore complex
A Madonna–whore complex (also called a Madonna–mistress complex) is a psychological phenomenon first observed in psychoanalysis, and later applied to feminist critique of broader society. In psychoanalysis, the complex is defined as an inability to maintain sexual arousal within a committed and loving relationship. First identified by Sigmund Freud, who called it psychic impotence, it is a psychological complex that is said to develop in men who see women as either saintly Madonnas or debased whores. Men with this complex desire a sexual partner who has been degraded (whore) while they cannot desire the respected partner (Madonna). Freud wrote, "Where such men love they have no desire, and where they desire they cannot love." Clinical psychologist Uwe Hartmann wrote in 2009 that the complex "is still highly prevalent in today's patients".
Benoît Blanpain
Benoît Blanpain served as the General Commissioner of Les Scouts - Fédération des Scouts Baden-Powell de Belgique (FSC), the Catholic Baden-Powell-Scout Federation of Belgium, as well as the Secretary General of the International Catholic Conference of Scouting.

In 1996, Blanpain was awarded the 246th Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Bronze Wolf Award
The World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf Award is presented by it for outstanding international service by an individual to the Scout Movement.

The award consists of a bronze wolf pendant hung on a dark green ribbon bordered by two narrow stripes of yellow.

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) has awarded just over 400 Bronze Wolf Awards since it inaugurated its award in 1935. WOSM has restricted the number of recipients in order to maintain the award's significance. Currently, the award is limited to approximately one recipient for every two million members worldwide.
Law enforcement in Peru
Law enforcement in Peru is carried out by two organizations under the direction of the Ministry of the Interior:

The National Police of Peru (Spanish: Policía Nacional del Perú, PNP), which acts as the national police force of Peru, and functions at both a state and local level. It acts mainly as a traffic control force, although other squadrons nominally fight crime, such as the Black Eagles, the only effectively organized of them.

Watchmen Units (Spanish: Unidades de Serenazgo), which function as a dedicated municipal police force with limited jurisdiction in certain Peruvian cities and districts of Lima. Serenazgo officers have fewer legal powers than the National Police.

The majority of the police force is plagued by corruption.

Peruvian Investigative Police
The Peruvian Investigative Police (Spanish: Policía de Investigaciones del Perú, PIP) was a Peruvian plainclothes police unit, similar to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which was meant to investigate crimes, gather intelligence, and fight subversion. In 1988, the PIP was merged into the National Police of Peru, along with two other police forces, the Guardia Civil (GC) and the Guardia Republicana (GR), all three of which were under the direction of the Ministry of Interior.
Universal portfolio algorithm
The universal portfolio algorithm is a portfolio selection algorithm from the field of machine learning and information theory. The algorithm learns adaptively from historical data and maximizes log-optimal growth rate in the long run, per the Kelly criterion. It was introduced by the late Stanford University information theorist Thomas M. Cover.

The algorithm rebalances the portfolio at the beginning of each trading period. At the beginning of the first trading period it starts with a naive diversification. In the following trading periods the portfolio composition depends on the historical total return of all possible constant-rebalanced portfolios.

The universal portfolio algorithm is the predecessor of the various online portfolio selection methodologies.

Kelly criterion
In probability theory, the Kelly criterion (or Kelly strategy or Kelly bet) is a formula for sizing a sequence of bets by maximizing the long-term expected value of the logarithm of wealth, which is equivalent to maximizing the long-term expected geometric growth rate.  John Larry Kelly Jr., a researcher at Bell Labs, described the criterion in 1956.

The practical use of the formula has been demonstrated for gambling, and the same idea was used to explain diversification in investment management. In the 2000s, Kelly-style analysis became a part of mainstream investment theory and the claim has been made that well-known, successful investors including Warren Buffett and Bill Gross use Kelly methods (also see intertemporal portfolio choice). It is also the standard replacement of statistical power in anytime-valid statistical tests and confidence intervals, based on e-values and e-processes.
Locking Up Our Own
Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America is a 2017 book by James Forman Jr. on support for the 1970s war on crime from Black leaders in American cities. It won the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction and the Lillian Smith Book Award.

Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction
The Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are awarded annually for the "Letters, Drama, and Music" category. The award is given to a nonfiction book written by an American author and published during the preceding calendar year that is ineligible for any other Pulitzer Prize. The Prize has been awarded since 1962; beginning in 1980, one to three finalists have been announced alongside the winner.
Crooked Shadows
Crooked Shadows is the seventh studio album by American rock band Dashboard Confessional. It was released on February 9, 2018 through Fueled by Ramen and Dine Alone Records. It is their first studio album in nine years, following 2009's Alter the Ending.

The album debuted at number 53 on the Billboard 200, as well as number four on both the Billboard Rock Albums and Alternative Albums charts.

Alter the Ending
Alter the Ending is the sixth studio album recorded by American rock band Dashboard Confessional, released through Vagrant, DGC and Interscope Records on November 10, 2009. The album was released in both a one disc standard version and a two disc deluxe edition which contains a second disc of acoustic versions of the 12 songs on the album. The album's first single is "Belle of the Boulevard".

Alter the Ending received some mixed or average reviews from critics, with some saying the album showed great maturity and others alluding to overproduction and its limitations.

The album debuted at number 19 on the Billboard 200, number six on the Billboard Rock Albums chart and number five on the Alternative Albums chart.
Kamalanga Thermal Power Plant
Kamalanga Thermal Power Plant is a coal based thermal power project located at Kamalanga in Dhenkanal district in Indian state of Odisha. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of GMR Kamalanga Energy Limited, a subsidiary of GMR Group.

Coal for the power plant is sourced from  Mahanadi Coalfields Limited.

GMR Group
GMR Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in New Delhi. The group was founded in 1978 by Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao and comprises several companies including GMR Infrastructure, GMR Energy, GMR Airports, and GMR Enterprises. Employing the public-private partnership model, the Group has implemented several infrastructure projects in India. The Group also has a global presence with infrastructure operating assets and projects in several countries including Philippines and Greece.

GMR Group owns, develops, operates, and manages airports, major energy utilities, highways, and urban infrastructure facilities. With a net asset base of nearly US$25 billion, it is one of India's largest infrastructure development companies. GMR Group is famous for operating the Indira Gandhi International Airport in Palam, Delhi.
Yahor Salabutau
Yahor Aliaksandravich Salabutau (Belarusian: Ягор Аляксандравіч Салабутаў, Russian: Егор Александрович Салобутов; born January 24, 1984) is a Belarusian former swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events. Salabutau qualified for the men's 200 m freestyle at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by clearing a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:51.23 from the Belarus Open Championships in Minsk. He challenged seven other swimmers on the fourth heat, including two-time Olympians Joshua Ilika Brenner of Mexico and Giancarlo Zolezzi of Chile. He raced to sixth place by three hundredths of a second (0.03) behind Algeria's Mahrez Mebarek in 1:53.03. Salabutau failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed thirty-seventh overall in the preliminaries.

Joshua Ilika Brenner
Joshua Brenner Ilika (born September 14, 1976 in Celaya, Guanajuato) is a Mexican butterfly and freestyle swimmer, who began swimming at the age of three. He participated in the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics.
Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart
The Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Freiburg in Baden-Württemberg, Bundesland. It covers the same territory of the former Kingdom of Wurttemberg.

Württemberg
Württemberg (/ˈwɜːrtəmbɜːrɡ, ˈvɜːrt-/ WURT-əm-burg, VURT-; German: [ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.

Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württemberg now forms the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg. Württemberg was formerly also spelled Würtemberg and Wirtemberg.
Richard Kolkwitz
Richard Kolkwitz (March 23, 1873 – April 16, 1956) was a German botanist who was a native of Berlin.

He studied natural sciences at the University of Berlin under Adolf Engler (1844–1930) and Simon Schwendener (1829–1919), and from 1895 to 1900 was an assistant at the university under Leopold Kny (1841–1916). Afterwards, he became a professor of botany in Berlin, and from 1901 until 1938 was also in charge of the Biological Prussian Experimental and Testing Institute for water supply and sewage disposal. In 1954 he became a professor of botany at the Free University of Berlin.

Leopold Kny
Carl Ignaz Leopold Kny (6 July 1841 – 26 June 1916) was a German botanist, notable as a specialist in research involving the morphology of fungi and cryptogams. He is best known for his production of botanical wall-charts, the Botanische Wandtafeln.
Red Lightning (band)
Red Lightning were a Los Angeles–based rock band composed of English guitarist Alain Whyte (of Morrissey's band) on lead vocals and guitar, John DiMambro on bass guitar and Milo Todesco on drums. The band lists U2, The Clash, The Cult, The Smiths and Morrissey as its influences.

Down by Law (band)
Down by Law is an American punk rock band formed in 1989 by former All frontman Dave Smalley, who is the only remaining original member. The band has released eleven studio albums. They stayed on Epitaph Records until 1998 and have since switched to other labels. Down by Law has never achieved substantial commercial success, but a number of largely popular acts cite them as influential, and they have an underground following. After several lineup changes, the band went on hiatus from touring and recording in 2003, but resurfaced in 2008 before beginning work on new material and embarking on their first tour in six years in 2009. In 2017, the band reunited their Punkrockacademyfightsong lineup and are currently active and touring.
Mahi-mahi fishing
Mahi-mahi are swift and acrobatic game fish with striking colours. These colours darken when the fish dies (see illustrations) The current IGFA all tackle record is 39.91 kilograms (88lb), caught in 1998 in Exuma, Bahamas by Chris Johnson of Lake Mary, Florida.  Catches average 7 to 13 kilograms (15 to 29 lb), and any mahi-mahi over 18 kilograms (40 lb) is exceptional.  Males are often larger than females.

Mahi mahi are also known as dorado or dolphin fish.

Game fish
Game fish, sport fish or quarry refer to popular fish species pursued by recreational fishers (typically anglers), and can be freshwater or saltwater fish.  Game fish can be eaten after being caught, preserved as taxidermy (though rare), or released after capture.  Some game fish are also targeted commercially, particularly less bony species such as salmon and tuna.

Specimens of game fish whose measurements (body length and weight) significantly exceed the species' average are sometimes known as trophy fish, as such captures are often presented as bragging rights among fishers.
Nancy Smith (politician)
Nancy Smith (born c. 1946) is a former Ottawa City Councillor. She represented St. George's Ward between 1980 and 1991.

Prior to being elected, Smith served in both Federal and Provincial Public Services for ten years. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology and Psychology from Dalhousie University, and a Master of Arts in Sociology from Carleton University. Whilst on the council, she was seen as being left wing. She ran for mayor in 1991, losing to Jacquelin Holzman by just over 3,000 votes. After the election, Liberal MP Mac Harb (who supported Holzman) admitted to "quietly encourag[ing]" incumbent mayor Marc Laviolette to enter the race to split the vote, because he "couldn't stomach (the thought of) Smith's left wing social agenda" winning.

Since her defeat, Smith has served as the chair of the Ontario Housing Corporation, served on the Ontario Municipal Board, was an associate for MAXGROUP Associates, and since 1999 she has owned her own consulting business.

Marc Laviolette
Marc Laviolette (born c. 1951 in Ottawa, Ontario) was Mayor of Ottawa for much of 1991. He was declared Mayor on 18 February 1991 after Jim Durrell resigned to become president of the fledgling Ottawa Senators ice hockey team. Laviolette had been an alderman for the city's By/Rideau ward since 1980.

He sought a second term as Mayor but was defeated by Jacquelin Holzman in the general city elections in late 1991. He later worked at Lower Town's École secondaire publique De La Salle as an education counsellor. He was also a teacher at De La Salle earlier in his career.