hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marshalltown trowel
The Marshalltown trowel is an excavation implement frequently used by archaeologists and bricklayers.

Manufactured by the Marshalltown Company of Marshalltown, Iowa, the trowel was first introduced in the 1890s. A patent filed for its handle by the company on July 12, 1927 was granted on December 23, 1930. The Marshalltown trowel is made of a single piece of metal. The 5-inch and 6-inch pointing trowels are most often used for archaeology. It is larger and more flexible than the WHS trowel preferred by archaeologists in the United Kingdom, which makes it better for cleaning profiles but less suited to digging heavy clay and gravel deposits. It is also used by bricklayers in the United Kingdom.

Marshalltown, Iowa
Marshalltown is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States and the county seat of the county. The population was 27,591 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 27,886 in 2024, making it the 17th-most populous city in Iowa. Marshalltown is home to the Iowa Veterans Home and Marshalltown Community College.
Pontifical High Mass
A Pontifical High Mass, also called Solemn Pontifical Mass, is a Solemn or High Mass celebrated by a bishop using certain prescribed ceremonies. Although in modern English the word pontifical is almost exclusively associated with the pope, any bishop may be properly called a pontiff. Thus, the celebrant of a Pontifical High Mass may be the pope, any bishop or any other prelate who is allowed to wear pontificals.

Pax (liturgy)
In Christian liturgy, "the Pax" is an abbreviation of the Latin salutations "pax vobis" ("peace to you") or "pax vobiscum" ("peace with you"), which are used in the Catholic Mass, the Lutheran Divine Service, and the Western Orthodox Mass.
1748 English cricket season
The 1748 English cricket season was the zenith of single wicket, never so popular before or since. A total of 18 significant single wicket matches are in the records, compared with a mere handful of eleven-a-side games.

Single wicket cricket
Single wicket cricket is a form of cricket played between two individuals, who take turns to bat and bowl against each other. The one bowling is assisted by a team of fielders, who remain as fielders at the change of innings. The winner is the one who scores more runs. There was considerable interest in single wicket during the middle part of the 18th century when it enjoyed top-class status.

Almost never seen professionally today, it is most often encountered in local cricket clubs, in which there are a number of knockout rounds leading to a final. The exact rules can vary according to local practice: for example, a player might be deducted runs for an out rather than ending their innings. An innings typically is limited to two or three overs. When single wicket was popular in the 18th century, however, there was no overs limitation, and a player's innings ended only on his dismissal.

The BBC Radio 4 drama The Archers features a regular single wicket competition.
Copenhagen North Business College
Copenhagen North Business College, also known as Lnord (formerly København Nord), is an institution of secondary education in the northern part of Greater Copenhagen, Denmark. It operates three campuses in Kongens Lyngby, Hillerød and Frederikssund and offers educational programmes in business and management on a secondary level to post-primary youth, Higher Commercial Examination Programme (HHX), and supplementary courses for adults seeking to maintain qualifications.

Knord is an independent self-owning institution under the Danish state, managed by a board composed of members from the business community in conjunction with a CEO and rectors of the individual schools that oversees day-to-day operations.

Hillerød
Hillerød (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 36,604 (1 January 2025) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to the northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle, now home to the Museum of National History. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south.
1953 Southern Conference baseball tournament
The 1953 Southern Conference baseball tournament was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, from May 14 through 16. This was the league's final championship tournament to be held until 1984, as seven schools, including three participants in the tournament, departed the conference to form the Atlantic Coast Conference after the season. Modern Southern Conference baseball records begin with the 1954 baseball season. The South Division's second seed Duke won the tournament for the third time.

Southern Conference baseball tournament
The Southern Conference baseball tournament is the conference championship tournament in baseball for the Southern Conference. The winner of the tournament receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  The event is scheduled for the Wedneaday through Sunday before Memorial Day each year, five days prior to the NCAA Regionals.
Place de l'Estrapade
The Place de l'Estrapade is a square in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is located where the Rue de l'Estrapade meets the Rue Lhomond and the Rue des Fossés-Saint-Jacques, and marks the boundary between quartier du Val-de-Grâce and la Sorbonne. It is named after the 'estrapade' or strappado inflicted there on prisoners (especially Protestants) until it was forbidden by Louis XIII. It has also been known as the Carrefour de Braque and the Place Neuve-de-Fourcy.

Quartier du Val-de-Grâce
The quartier du Val-de-Grâce is the 19th administrative district or 'quartier' of Paris, located in the 5th arrondissement of the city. Its borders are boulevard de Port-Royal to the south, boulevard Saint-Michel to the west, rue Soufflot, rue des Fossés-Saint-Jacques and rue de l'Estrapade to the north and rue Mouffetard and rue Pascal to the east.

It is named for the Val-de-Grâce military hospital and former abbey on boulevard de Port-Royal.
Birgit Großhennig
Birgit Großhennig (born 21 February 1965, in Blankenburg, Thuringia) is a retired East German athlete.

She competed in the high jump at the European Junior Championships in 1981 and 1983, finishing fourth both times. She recorded her personal best, 1.88 metres, in 1981.

She is better known for her achievements in the long jump, in which she achieved a career best of 7.00 metres in June 1984 in Berlin. This jump is the second longest by a junior athlete (under 20 years old) in history
and places her fifth on the German all-time performers list, behind Heike Drechsler, Helga Radtke, Sabine Paetz and Brigitte Wujak. It also secures a place on the all-time top list for senior athletes.

She competed for the sports club SC Magdeburg during her active career.

Brigitte Wujak
Brigitte Wujak, née Brigitte Künzel, (6 March 1955 in Karl-Marx-Stadt) is a retired long jumper who represented East Germany with the SC Dynamo Berlin.

She won the silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow with a personal best jump of 7.04 metres. This was the German record at the time, and remained her career best jump. The result places her fourth on the German all-time performers list, behind Heike Drechsler, Helga Radtke and Sabine Paetz.

She finished seventh at the 1982 European Championships, and retired after the 1984 season. She competed for the sports club SC Dynamo Berlin during her active career.
Metal Max 4: Gekkō no Diva
Metal Max 4: Gekkō no Diva (メタルマックス4 月光のディーヴァ, Metaru Makkusu Fō Gekkō no Dīva, lit. "Metal Max 4: Diva of the Moonlight") is an entry in the Metal Max series (besides the Metal Saga series). It is a Japanese open world, nonlinear, vehicle combat role-playing video game published by Kadokawa Games for Nintendo 3DS on 7 November 2013. The game was developed by Cattle Call and 24Frame. Animation produced by Studio 4°C. Famitsu awarded game a 35/40.

Studio 4°C
Studio 4°C Co., Ltd. (株式会社STUDIO 4°C, Kabushiki-Gaisha Sutajio Yondo Shī; stylized as STUDIO4°C) is a Japanese independent animation studio founded by Eiko Tanaka and Kōji Morimoto in 1986. The name comes from the temperature at which water is most dense.
Single instruction, single data
In computing, single instruction stream, single data stream (SISD) is a computer architecture in which a single uni-core processor executes a single instruction stream, to operate on data stored in a single memory. This corresponds to the von Neumann architecture.

SISD is one of the four main classifications as defined in Flynn's taxonomy. In this system, classifications are based upon the number of concurrent instructions and data streams present in the computer architecture. According to Michael J. Flynn, SISD can have concurrent processing characteristics. Pipelined processors and superscalar processors are common examples found in most modern SISD computers.

Instructions are sent to the control unit from the memory module and are decoded and sent to the processing unit which processes on the data retrieved from memory module and sends back to it.

Instruction pipelining
In computer engineering, instruction pipelining is a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor. Pipelining attempts to keep every part of the processor busy with some instruction by dividing incoming instructions into a series of sequential steps (the eponymous "pipeline") performed by different processor units with different parts of instructions processed in parallel.
Bright Star Wilderness
Bright Star Wilderness is a 8,190-acre (3,314 ha) wilderness area in Kern County in the U.S. state of California.

The California Desert Protection Act of 1994 (Public Law 103–433) added the wilderness to the National Wilderness Preservation System and it is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM).

Bright Star Wilderness surrounds 5,090-foot (1,551 m) Kern County's Kelso Peak and drainages to the north, south and east, including Bright Star Canyon and Cortez Canyon.

The Wilderness lies within the BLM's Jawbone-Butterbredt Area of Critical Environmental Concern in the higher Mojave Desert and protects much of the Piute Mountains, of the southern Sierra Nevada (not to be confused with the Piute Mountains to east in Mojave National Preserve).

Mojave National Preserve
Mojave National Preserve is a US National Preserve located in the Mojave Desert of San Bernardino County, California, between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. Established in 1994, it is the third largest unit of the National Park system within the contiguous United States, and the largest national preserve.

The preserve spans 1,542,776 acres (6,243 km2). It surrounds Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve, which are both managed by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.

Natural features include the Kelso Dunes, the Marl Mountains and the Cima Dome, as well as volcanic formations such as Hole-in-the-Wall and the Cinder Cone Lava Beds. The Joshua tree forest covering Cima Dome and the adjacent Shadow Valley is the largest and densest in the world.

The preserve contains the ghost town of Kelso. The defunct Kelso Depot serves as the park's official visitor center, though it is temporarily closed as of 2025.
Parkdale (provincial electoral district)
Parkdale was a provincial riding electing Members of Provincial Parliament (MPP) to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. The riding was created from the western part of Toronto West riding in 1914 and abolished in 1996 and redistributed into the Parkdale—High Park, Davenport and Trinity—Spadina ridings for the 1999 Ontario general election.

York, Ontario
York is a district and former city within Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located northwest of Old Toronto, southwest of North York and east of the Humber River.

Originally formed as York Township, it encompassed the southern section of York County. It was split several times, creating East York and North York. In 1953, it became part of the Metropolitan Toronto federation. It absorbed several municipalities, including Lambton Mills and Weston and was eventually known as the City of York. In 1998, it was dissolved along with Metro Toronto and its constituent municipalities, amalgamated to form the current City of Toronto.

Today, the area is integrated into the multicultural mosaic of Toronto. The area is home today to several ethnic enclaves such as Portuguese, Jamaican and Latin American neighbourhoods.
Old Settler's Irrigation Ditch
The Old Settler's Irrigation Ditch, near Rosston, Oklahoma, in both Beaver County, Oklahoma and Harper County, Oklahoma, was constructed during 1893 to 1905.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Beaver County, Oklahoma in 1983.

It enabled Ditch Valley to become a lush green area, in contrast to the surrounding arid lands.  It is about 12 feet (3.7 m) wide for much of its 14 miles (23 km) length.  It is supplied by water from a diversion dam on the Cimarron River.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Beaver County, Oklahoma
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Beaver County, Oklahoma.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties on the National Register of Historic Places in Beaver County, Oklahoma, United States. The locations of National Register properties for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 11 properties listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.
George C. Shell
George C. Shell was a lawyer and politician in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas State Senate. He was a Democrat and represented Desha and Chicot counties. His post office was in Lake Village.

He graduated from the University of Arkansas with a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1882. He edited the Chicot Press newspaper.

He was recommended by the district bar, August 1893, to replace judge Carroll D. Wood as judge for the tenth judicial district while elections for a successor were completed.

He was elected to the Arkansas State Senate in 1895 replacing George W. Bell, an African American. He served in the 30th and 31st general assemblies, the first in 1895 and the second in 1897.

George W. Bell
George Waltham Bell was an American doctor who served in the Arkansas Senate from 1891 to 1895. He was a graduate of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. He served as president of Southland College.

Bell was elected to the Arkansas Senate and served representing the 15th District (Desha and Chicot County, Arkansas Chicot counties) in the 28th Arkansas General Assembly and the 29th Arkansas General Assembly. While in office, he opposed separate coach laws. J. H. Smith wrote a letter disputing Bell's descriptions of his speech in 1891.
Silhouettes (Klaus Schulze album)
Silhouettes is the forty-fifth album by Klaus Schulze, released on 25 May 2018. Taking in consideration the previously released multi-disc box sets (Silver Edition, Historic Edition, Jubilee Edition, Contemporary Works I, and Contemporary Works II), it could be viewed as Schulze's one hundred and sixth album. It was the first Klaus Schulze album to be made available on Bandcamp online music distributor.

Historic Edition
Historic Edition is a limited edition 10-disc CD box set released by Klaus Schulze in 1995 containing unreleased archival recordings. This set was wholly included in Schulze's 50-disc CD box set The Ultimate Edition released in 2000 (discs 1, 3, and 4 were slightly remastered). Beginning in 2009, tracks from this set were reissued as La Vie Electronique, a series of 3-disc CD sets releasing all the material of The Ultimate Edition in chronological order.
Jean Chaufourier
Jean Chaufourier was a French landscape painter and engraver. He was born in Paris in 1675. He married a daughter of Gerard Edelinck, who was also an engraver. Chaufourier taught drawing to Pierre-Jean Mariette. He was received into the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1735, and died at St. Germain-en-Laye in 1757. There are three of his drawings in the Louvre, and we have a set of eight landscapes engraved by him.

Pierre-Jean Mariette
Pierre-Jean Mariette (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʒɑ̃ maʁjɛt]; 7 May 1694 – 10 September 1774) was a collector of and dealer in old master prints, a renowned connoisseur, especially of prints and drawings, and a chronicler of the careers of French Italian and Flemish artists. He was born and died in Paris, and was a central figure in the artistic culture of the city for decades.
Gammersgill
Gammersgill is a hamlet in Coverdale in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England. It is about 7 miles (11 km) south-west of Leyburn.

The toponym is of Old Norse origin, from Gamall, a personal name, and skali 'hut', so means 'hut of a man named Gamel'.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Coverdale, North Yorkshire
Coverdale is a dale in the far east of the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England. It takes its name from the River Cover, a tributary of the River Ure.  The dale runs south-west from the eastern end of Wensleydale to the dale head at a pass, known as Park Rash Pass, between Great Whernside to the south and Buckden Pike to the north.  It is accessible by a single track road, which runs the length of the dale and over the pass to Kettlewell in Wharfedale. The name is taken from that of the River Cover, which is of Brittonic origin.  Ekwall suggested that it might mean "hollow stream", but more recently Andrew Breeze has argued that it is cognate with Welsh gofer "streamlet".
History of Parma Calcio 1913
The history of Parma Calcio 1913 covers nearly 100 years of the football from the club based in Parma, Italy. Established in 1913 the club would eventually go on to win titles on the national and international stage. The club is most famous for the period in which it collected all of its eight major titles, between 1992 and 2002. The club was declared bankrupt in 2015.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Zhengding County
Zhengding, formerly known by several other names, is a county in southwestern Hebei Province, North China, located approximately 260 km (160 mi) south of Beijing, capital of China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang, the capital of the province, and has a population of 594,000. Zhengding has been an important religious center for more than 1,000 years, from at least the times of the Sui dynasty to the Qing dynasty. It is the founding place of several major schools of Chan Buddhism. However, many former religious building complexes have been severely damaged throughout history.  A noted temple is the Longxing Monastery, where the historical building ensemble has been preserved almost intact. Furthermore, four famous pagodas, each with its own architectural style, are still standing.

Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan railway
The Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan railway or Shitai railway (simplified Chinese: 石太铁路; traditional Chinese: 石太鐵路; pinyin: Shítài Tiělù), known as Zhengding–Taiyuan railway or Zhengtai railway (正太鐵路) in the 1900s, is a railway between Shijiazhuang and Taiyuan, the provincial capitals, respectively, of Hebei and Shanxi provinces in northern China. The line is 242.95 km (150.96 mi) in length and was built from 1903 to 1907 by the American Schiff Co.
Mount Light, South Australia
Mount Light is a locality located within the Naracoorte Lucindale Council in the Limestone Coast region of South Australia.

Mount Light boundaries span the Riddoch Highway and Langkoop Road (Naracoorte–Casterton Road) immediately southeast of Naracoorte. The locality has no built-up or commercial area anywhere in its boundaries.

Limestone Coast
The Limestone Coast is a name used since the early 21st century for a South Australian government region  located in the south east of South Australia which immediately adjoins the continental coastline and the Victorian border. The name is also used for a tourist region and a wine zone both located in the same part of South Australia.
Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies
The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, known as the Hellenic Society, was founded in 1879 to advance the study of Greek language, literature, history, art and archaeology in the Ancient, Byzantine and Modern periods. The first President was J. B. Lightfoot, the biblical scholar and Bishop of Durham. Ioannis Gennadius helped found it.

The Society has done this ever since by various means, chief among them being the annual publication of the Journal of Hellenic Studies and, since the 1950s, its supplement, Archaeological Reports, which are both supplied free of charge to members and subscribers of the Society. Occasional monographs have also appeared in the series Supplementary Papers; this series has now been replaced by the Society's Occasional Publications.

Hellenic studies
Hellenic studies (also Greek studies) is an interdisciplinary scholarly field that focuses on the language, literature, history and politics of post-classical Greece. In university, a wide range of courses expose students to viewpoints that help them understand the historical and political experiences of Byzantine, Ottoman and modern Greece; the ways in which Greece has borne its several pasts and translated them into the modern era; and the era's distinguished literary and artistic traditions.
Zephyr (protocol)
Created at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as part of Project Athena, Zephyr was designed as an instant messaging protocol and application-suite with a heavy Unix background. Using the "do one thing, do it well" philosophy of Unix, it was made up of several separate programs working together to make a complete messaging system. Zephyr and IRC were the first widely used IP-based instant-messaging systems.

Kerberos (protocol)
Kerberos (/ˈkɜːrbərɒs/) is a computer-network authentication protocol that works on the basis of tickets to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another in a secure manner. Its designers aimed it primarily at a client–server model, and it provides mutual authentication—both the user and the server verify each other's identity. Kerberos protocol messages are protected against eavesdropping and replay attacks.

Kerberos builds on symmetric-key cryptography and requires a trusted third party, and optionally may use public-key cryptography during certain phases of authentication. Kerberos uses UDP port 88 by default.

The protocol was named after the character Cerberus, also spelled Kerberos, from Greek mythology, the ferocious three-headed guard dog of Hades.