hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Javed Iqbal (admiral)
Jawaid Iqbal (Urdu: جاويد اقبال; born 31 March 1942) is a retired three-star-admiral of the Pakistan Navy, politician, and diplomat who served as the Ambassador of Pakistan to Tunisia from 1998 to 2004. The Government of Pakistan conferred the Sitara-e-Basalat and Hilal-i-Imtiaz awards on Iqbal for his contributions to the nation.

He is known for his support for civilian control of the army and opposition to the military takeover of the civilian government in 1999. He actively supports anti-corruption activities, and has served as the Vice-Chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf for this cause. However, he later resigned amid inter-party conflict, especially with views on former President Musharraf.

Special Service Group (Navy)
The Pakistan Navy Special Service Group (reporting name: Navy SSG or simply Pakistan Navy SEALs,) is the special operations force tasked with the conducting the small-unit based military operations in all environmental formats of the sea, air, and land by adopting to the tactics of the unconventional warfare.

The command and control of the Special Service Group (Navy) falls under the responsibility of the Naval Strategic Forces Command and its personnel are sometimes directly recruited into ISI's Covert Action Division (CAD) upon their retirements from their military service.

There is no official report on the actual strength or their military missions since their operational works are subjected to the secrecy by the federal government of Pakistan; knowledge of their works and tactics known in public through the only authorized media works and nonfiction works by the navy veteran.
Chewing gum sales ban in Singapore
The sale of chewing gum in Singapore has been illegal since 1992. Some motivations for the ban included stopping the placement of used chewing gum in inappropriate and costly places, such as the sensors of subway doors, inside lock cylinders, and on elevator buttons. Since 2004, an exception has existed for therapeutic, dental, and nicotine chewing gum, which can be bought from a doctor or registered pharmacist. It is not illegal to chew gum in Singapore, but it is against the law to import it and sell it, apart from the aforementioned exceptions. According to a BBC News article, it is legal for a traveler to bring in a small amount of chewing gum for personal use, and there is a fine for spitting the gum out in an inappropriate place.

Chewing gum
Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed. Modern chewing gum is composed of gum base, sweeteners, softeners/plasticizers, flavors, colors, and, typically, a hard or powdered polyol coating. Its texture is reminiscent of rubber because of the physical-chemical properties of its polymer, plasticizer, and resin components, which contribute to its elastic-plastic, sticky, chewy characteristics.
Echoes from an Iron Harp
Echoes from an Iron Harp is a collection of poems by Robert E. Howard with illustrations by Alicia Austin. It was published in 1972 by Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc. in an edition of 1,079 copies. Two of the poems previously appeared in Fire and Sleet and Candlelight, edited by August Derleth.

Fire and Sleet and Candlelight
Fire and Sleet and Candlelight was a poetry anthology edited by August Derleth, and published in 1961 by Arkham House in an edition of 2,026 copies.  The title was suggested to Derleth by Lin Carter and is taken from the Lyke-Wake Dirge.  For this companion volume to Dark of the Moon: Poems of Fantasy and the Macabre, Derleth included only living poets or poems that had not been previously published.
1987 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
The 1987 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season was the franchise's 12th season in the National Football League, the 12th playing their home games at Tampa Stadium, and the first under head coach  Ray Perkins. It was a year of great change for the Buccaneers. Perkins had only needed three seasons (1979–1981) to build the New York Giants into a playoff team, and it was hoped that he would be able to repeat the feat with the Buccaneers. They improved over their 2–14 record from 1986 and finished 4–11.

The Buccaneers possessed the first overall pick in the NFL draft, and used it to select University of Miami quarterback Vinny Testaverde. The Buccaneers appeared changed and won four games early in the season, but they notably lost large leads in later games and fell from playoff contention after midseason. The season was marked by a 1987 players' strike in which one week's games were canceled and regular play was interrupted for a month, while NFL owners fielded teams of replacement players.

1987 Indianapolis Colts season
The 1987 Indianapolis Colts season was the 35th season for the team in the National Football League (NFL) and fourth in Indianapolis. It was also their first full season under head coach Ron Meyer, who had taken over a 0–13 Colts team the previous season after Rod Dowhower was fired.

The team finished the strike-shortened season with a record of 9–6 and won the AFC East division.

This season marked the first winning season, division championship, and playoff appearance for the Colts since 1977, when they were still in Baltimore. They also possessed the league's number one defense, surrendering only 238 points. It was their first season they had the NFL's top defense since 1968.

NFL Films produced a documentary about the team's season entitled Off and Running; it was narrated by Jeff Kaye.
2002 in shot put
This page lists the World Best Year Performance in the year 2002 in both the men's and the women's shot put. One of the main event during this season were the 2002 European Athletics Championships in Munich, Germany, where the final of the men's competition was held on Tuesday August 6, 2002. The women had their final four days later, on Saturday August 10, 2002.

2002 in the sport of athletics
This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2002.

There was no primary championships that season, although continental championships were held in Africa, Asia and Europe. The foremost athletics competitions at games events occurred at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, the 2002 Asian Games and the 2002 CAC Games. The 2002 IAAF World Cup was the major global outdoor track and field event.

Paula Radcliffe was among the season's top performers, having set world records at the London and Chicago Marathons, as well becoming European and Commonwealth champion on the track.
Mexico women's national basketball team
The Mexico women's national basketball team, is controlled by the Asociación Deportiva Mexicana de Baloncesto ADEMEBA Mexican Basketball Association and represents Mexico in international competitions.

2025 FIBA Women's AmeriCup
The 2025 FIBA Women's AmeriCup was the 18th edition of the FIBA Women's AmeriCup, which is the main tournament for senior women's basketball national teams of the FIBA Americas. It was held from 28 June to 6 July 2025 in Santiago, Chile.

The winner qualified for the 2026 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and the top six teams (including the winner) will qualify for one of the qualifying tournaments for the 2026 World Cup.

Brazil were the defending champions, but failed to defend their title after losing in the final to United States.

The United States won its fifth title and qualified for the 2026 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, after defeating Brazil 92–84 in the finals. Alongside the USA, Brazil, Canada, Argentina, Colombia and Puerto Rico qualified for the qualifying tournaments for the World Cup.
James Forman Jr.
James Forman Jr. (born James Robert Lumumba Forman; June 22, 1967) is an American legal scholar currently on leave from serving as the J. Skelly Wright Professor of Law at Yale Law School. He is the author of Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America, which won the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, and a co-founder of the Maya Angelou School in Washington, D.C.

In 2023, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction
The Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are awarded annually for the "Letters, Drama, and Music" category. The award is given to a nonfiction book written by an American author and published during the preceding calendar year that is ineligible for any other Pulitzer Prize. The Prize has been awarded since 1962; beginning in 1980, one to three finalists have been announced alongside the winner.
Dudeldorf
Dudeldorf is a village municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is located about 10 km (6 miles) east of Bitburg, 42 km (26 miles) north of Trier, and 32 km (20 miles) east of the Luxembourg border. It has a population of around 1300, including 220 US Defense personnel.

The village was heavily damaged during World War II but has since been completely rebuilt. Dudeldorf Castle is the main attraction in the village. Originally consisting of two castles built in the 12th century, it has since been rebuilt many times. It now serves as a function and community center. The surrounding countryside also makes Dudeldorf a popular holiday destination for tourists.

Bitburg
Bitburg (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪtbʊʁk] ⓘ; French: Bitbourg; Luxembourgish: Béibreg [ˈbɜɪ̯bʀəɕ]) is a city in Germany, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate approximately 25 km (16 mi.) northwest of Trier and 50 km (31 mi.) northeast of Luxembourg city. The American Spangdahlem Air Base is nearby.
Independent Order of Odd Fellows Building (Benton, Arkansas)
The Independent Order of Odd Fellows Building, at 123-125 North Market in Benton, Arkansas, is a historic building that served as an Independent Order of Odd Fellows meeting hall. E. Y. Stinson built the building in 1913 on land purchased from Saline Odd Fellows Lodge No. 174; the Odd Fellows bought the building back the following year. The Odd Fellows used the second floor of the building as a meeting hall; the ground floor was sold to a hardware store, as Odd Fellows lodges were discouraged from meeting on the ground floor of a building. During its time in the building, the Odd Fellows Lodge included several prominent local businessmen and politicians as members, including a Saline County sheriff. The lodge was also responsible for hosting major Benton social events, such as Fourth of July picnics. The lodge's membership began to decline during World War II, and it sold the building in 1971.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Benton, Arkansas
Benton is a city in and the county seat of Saline County, Arkansas, United States. A suburb of Little Rock, it was established in 1837. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 35,014, making it the 12th most populous city in Arkansas. It is part of the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway metropolitan area. The city of Benton, first settled in 1833 and named after Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton, was formally chartered in 1836 when Arkansas became a state.
Friedrich Halm
Baron Eligius Franz Joseph von Münch-Bellinghausen (German: Eligius Franz Joseph Freiherr von Münch-Bellinghausen) (2 April 1806 – 22 May 1871) was an Austrian dramatist, poet and novella writer of the Austrian Biedermeier period and beyond, and is more generally known under his pseudonym Friedrich Halm.

Burgtheater
The Burgtheater (German: [ˈbʊʁk.teˌaːtɐ]; literally: "Castle Theater" but alternatively translated as "(Imperial) Court Theater", originally known as K.K. Theater an der Burg, then until 1918 as the K.K. Hofburgtheater, is the national theater of Austria, located in Vienna. It is the most important German-language theater and one of the most important theatres in the world. The Burgtheater was opened in 1741 and has become known as die Burg by the Viennese population; its theater company has created a traditional style and speech typical of Burgtheater performances.
Burundi national badminton team
The Burundi national badminton team (Kirundi: Ikipe y'igihugu ya badminton yo mu Burundi) represents Burundi in international badminton team competitions. The Burundian Federation of Badminton manages the national team.

In 2010, the Burundian Federation of Badminton sent its first few players to debut in the 2010 Thomas & Uber Cups Preliminaries for Africa and the Burundian women's team reached the semifinals. In 2012, the Burundian Federation of Badminton along with the national team were disbanded for a brief period of time due to the country being under political turmoil.

In 2021, Burundi partnered with the Badminton Confederation of Africa and joined the Shuttle Time program organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) to improve the presence of badminton in Burundi.

South Africa national badminton team
The South African national badminton team (Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika nasionale pluimbalspan; Sotho: Sehlopha sa naha sa badminton sa Afrika Borwa; Xhosa: Iqela lesizwe le-badminton loMzantsi Afrika; Zulu: Iqembu lesizwe laseNingizimu Afrika i-badminton) represents South Africa in international badminton team competitions and is controlled by Badminton South Africa, the governing body for badminton in South Africa. South Africa has participated in the Thomas Cup, Uber Cup and the Sudirman Cup but have never been to the quarterfinals.

South Africa is one of the leading badminton nations in Africa, winning all three team events at the African Badminton Championships for more than four times.
South African Class 6E1, Series 7
The South African Railways Class 6E1, Series 7 of 1977 was an electric locomotive.

Between 1977 and 1979, the South African Railways placed 150 Class 6E1, Series 7 electric locomotives with a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement in mainline service.

Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa
The Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA) is a South African state-owned enterprise responsible for most passenger rail services in the country. It reports to the Department of Transport, headed by the Minister of Transport.

PRASA's primary mandate includes providing commuter rail services within metros, and long-distance (inter-city) rail and bus services within, to, and from South Africa’s borders.
Moronic acid
Moronic acid (3-oxoolean-18-en-28-oic acid) is a natural triterpene.  Moronic acid can be extracted from Rhus javanica, a sumac plant traditionally believed to hold medicinal applications.  The molecule has also been extracted from mistletoe (Phoradendron reichenbachianum).

Bevirimat, a derivative of the related triterpenoid betulinic acid, is under development as an anti-HIV drug; however, moronic acid has shown better antiviral profiles in vitro than bevirimat. A particular moronic acid derivative showed potent anti-HIV activity with EC50 values of 0.0085 μM against NL4-3, 0.021 μM against PI-R (a multiple protease inhibitor resistant strain), and 0.13 μM against FHR-2 (an HIV strain resistant to (bevirimat).  This derivative has become a new lead for clinical trials and is also active against herpes simplex virus 1.

Bevirimat
Bevirimat (research code MPC-4326) is an anti-HIV drug derived from a betulinic acid-like compound, first isolated from Syzygium claviflorum, a Chinese herb. It is believed to inhibit HIV by a novel mechanism, so-called maturation inhibition.  It is not currently U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved. It was originally developed by the pharmaceutical company Panacos and reached Phase IIb clinical trials. Myriad Genetics announced on January 21, 2009 the acquisition of all rights to bevirimat for $7M USD. On June 8, 2010 Myriad Genetics announced that it was abandoning their HIV portfolio to focus more on cancer drug development.
Magritte Award for Best Original Score
The Magritte Award for Best Original Score (French: Magritte de la meilleure musique originale) is an award presented annually by the Académie André Delvaux. It is one of the Magritte Awards, which were established to recognize excellence in Belgian cinematic achievements.

The 1st Magritte Awards ceremony was held in 2011 with Pierre Van Dormael receiving posthumously the award for his work in Mr. Nobody. As of the 2022 ceremony, Vincent Cahay is the most recent winner in this category for his work in Adoration.

1st Magritte Awards
The 1st Magritte Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie André Delvaux, honored the best films of 2010 in Belgium and took place on 5 February 2011 at the Square in the historic site of Mont des Arts, Brussels, beginning at 7:30 p.m. CET. During the ceremony, the Académie André Delvaux presented Magritte Awards in twenty categories. The ceremony, televised in Belgium by BeTV, was produced by José Bouquiaux and directed by Vincent J. Gustin. Film director Jaco Van Dormael presided the ceremony, while actress Helena Noguerra hosted the evening. The pre-show ceremony was hosted by film director Fabrice Du Welz.

Mr. Nobody won six awards, including Best Film and Best Director for Jaco Van Dormael. Other winners included Illegal, Private Lessons, and A Town Called Panic with two awards each, and The Barons, The Boat Race, Looking for Eric, Paths of Memory, Sleepless Night, and Soeur Sourire with one.
Zeta (company)
Zeta is a banking software company that was founded by Bhavin Turakhia and Ramki Gaddipati in 2015. The company provides credit and debit card issuer processing, BNPL, core banking and "mobile experiences". Zeta provides its products to banks and fintechs.

The company achieved unicorn status in 2021.

National Payments Corporation of India
National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is an Indian government sector company that operates retail payments and settlement systems in India. The organization is an initiative of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Indian Banks' Association (IBA) under the provisions of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, for creating a robust payment and settlement infrastructure in India.
Unit of length
A unit of length is any arbitrarily chosen and accepted reference standard for measurement of length. The most common units in modern use are the metric units, used in every country globally. In the United States the U.S. customary units are also in use. British Imperial units are still used for some purposes in the United Kingdom and some other countries. The metric system is sub-divided into SI and non-SI units.

Yard
The yard (symbol: yd) is an English unit of length in both the British imperial and US customary systems of measurement equalling 3 feet or 36 inches. Since 1959 it has been by international agreement standardized as exactly 0.9144 meter. A distance of 1,760 yards is equal to 1 mile.

The theoretical US survey yard is very slightly longer.
1990 Beauséjour federal by-election
A by-election was held in the federal riding of Beauséjour in New Brunswick on December 10, 1990, following the resignation of Liberal MP Fernand Robichaud.

The by-election was held on the same day as another in York North in Ontario. The seat was held for the Liberals by Jean Chrétien who had been elected leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.

In the 1993 Canadian federal election, Chrétien was elected in Saint-Maurice, Quebec and became the 20th Prime Minister of Canada.

Beauséjour (electoral district)
Beauséjour (known from 1997 to 2004 as Beauséjour—Petitcodiac, [boseʒuʁ
pətitkɔdjak]) is a federal electoral district (riding) in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada, which has been represented in the House of Commons since 1988. It replaced Westmorland—Kent, which was represented from 1968 to 1988.

Beauséjour is largely Acadian and Francophone, with a significant Anglophone section in the southern section of the riding.

The riding consists of most of Westmorland County to the east and north of Moncton, and a large portion of Kent County. Major towns in the riding include Shediac, Cap-Pelé, Sackville, Bouctouche, Richibucto and the southern and eastern portions of Dieppe. The neighbouring ridings are Miramichi—Grand Lake, Fundy Royal, Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe, and Cumberland—Colchester in Nova Scotia; it is connected to the riding of Malpeque on Prince Edward Island by the Confederation Bridge.

Since 2000, its member of Parliament (MP) has been Dominic LeBlanc of the Liberal Party.
RQOPS
Reliable Quantum Operations Per Second (rQOPS) is a metric that measures the capabilities and error rates of a quantum computer. It combines several key factors to measure how many reliable operations a computer can execute in a single second: logical error rates, clock speed, and number of reliable qubits.

The quantities included in rQOPS can be measured in all quantum computer architectures, allowing different architectures to be compared with one standard metric. A larger rQOPS measurement indicates a faster and more accurate device capable of solving more complex problems.

Microsoft suggest that a machine with 1 million rQOPS qualifies as a quantum supercomputer.

Alternative benchmarks include quantum volume, cross-entropy benchmarking, Circuit Layer Operations Per Second (CLOPS) proposed by IBM and IonQ's Algorithmic Qubits. However, as opposed to considering qubit performance alone, rQOPS measures how capable a quantum system is at solving tangible problems.

Cross-entropy benchmarking
Cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB) is a statistical measure used to evaluate the performance in  random circuit sampling experiments. It quantifies how strongly experimental samples correlate with the ideal output distribution and has been used in demonstrations of quantum supremacy.
Thrombocytopenia
In hematology, thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets (also known as thrombocytes) in the blood. Low levels of platelets in turn may lead to prolonged or excessive bleeding.  It is the most common coagulation disorder among intensive care patients and is seen in a fifth of medical patients and a third of surgical patients.

A normal human platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets/microliter (μL) of blood. Values outside this range do not necessarily indicate disease. One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known).

Splenomegaly
Splenomegaly is an enlargement of the spleen. The spleen usually lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the human abdomen. Splenomegaly is one of the four cardinal signs of hypersplenism which include: some reduction in number of circulating blood cells affecting granulocytes, erythrocytes or platelets in any combination; a compensatory proliferative response in the bone marrow; and the potential for correction of these abnormalities by splenectomy. Splenomegaly is usually associated with increased workload (such as in hemolytic anemias), which suggests that it is a response to hyperfunction. It is therefore not surprising that splenomegaly is associated with any disease process that involves abnormal red blood cells being destroyed in the spleen. Other common causes include congestion due to portal hypertension and infiltration by leukemias and lymphomas. Thus, the finding of an enlarged spleen, along with caput medusae, is an important sign of portal hypertension.
Gevenich
Gevenich is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Ulmen, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Ulmen
Ulmen (German pronunciation: [ˈʊlmən] ⓘ) is a town in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde – a kind of collective municipality – to which it also belongs.