hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serfass v. United States
Serfass v. United States, 420 U.S. 377 (1975), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the Double Jeopardy Clause does not prohibit an appeal by the government of a pretrial dismissal because the criminal defendant has yet not been put in jeopardy by a trial.

Double Jeopardy Clause
The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides: "[N]or shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb..." The four essential protections included are prohibitions against, for the same offense:

retrial after an acquittal;

retrial after a conviction;

retrial after certain mistrials; and

multiple punishment

Jeopardy attaches in jury trial when the jury is empaneled and sworn in, in a bench trial when the court begins to hear evidence after the first witness is sworn in, or when a court accepts a defendant's plea unconditionally. Jeopardy does not attach in a retrial of a conviction that was reversed on appeal on procedural grounds (as opposed to evidentiary insufficiency grounds), in a retrial for which "manifest necessity" has been shown following a mistrial, and in the seating of another grand jury if the prior one refuses to return an indictment.
Foresta Fălticeni
Foresta Fălticeni (also known as Foresta Suceava) was a Romanian professional football club from Fălticeni, Suceava County, Romania, founded in 1954 as Avântul Fălticeni and subsequently dissolved in 2003.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Doramba
Doramba  is a populated place and a ward (ward no. 2) of Doramba Rural Municipality. It was a village development committee before 10 March 2017. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,640 people living in 664 individual households.

On 10 March 2017, local level body of Nepal restructured into 753 units, thus this local level unit merged with other VDCs to form Doramba Rural Municipality. Now total area of this ward is 20.4 square kilometres (7.9 sq mi) and total population (2011 Nepal census) is 3,273.

Wards and electoral divisions of Nepal
A ward (Nepali: वडा) is the smallest unit of local governments in Nepal. The local level body (gaunpalika and municipality) which is divided into 753 units, are further divided into 6,743 wards. These wards were previously either a single VDC or a part of VDC. A local level unit is divided into a minimum five wards or a maximum of 33 wards.
Serhiy Kryvtsov
Serhiy Andriyovych Kryvtsov (Ukrainian: Сергі́й Андрі́йович Кривцо́в; born 15 March 1991) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a defender for the Ukraine national team. He is currently a free agent.

Ukrainian Super Cup
The Ukrainian Super Cup (Ukrainian: Суперкубок України) is an association football game of the Ukrainian Premier League in traditional super cup format that acts as the grand-opening for every new football competition season in Ukraine. Originally it was set as a contest between the winners of the previous season's Ukrainian Championship and Ukrainian Cup. From 2008 through 2014, it was branded as the Inter Super Cup of Ukraine, in 2017 – Super Cup Fokstrot.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the competition is currently suspended.
The Yob
"The Yob" is the 21st episode of the British television comedy series The Comic Strip Presents..., written by Keith Allen and Daniel Peacock, with Allen also in the title role, and was directed by Ian Emes. It was first screened on Channel 4 on 12 March 1988 and also stars Adrian Edmondson and Peter Richardson.

It features a brief appearance by Lily Allen, Keith's daughter, then a toddler, and subsequently a pop star.

In the story, pretentious music video director Patrick Church (Keith Allen) is at UB40 concert, where he inadvertently steps into a matter-transportation pod, believing it to be a portable toilet. His brain patterns and those of a football hooligan are transposed and he turns into an ape-like Arsenal supporter to comic effect.

The Comic Strip
The Comic Strip are a group of British comedians who came to prominence in the 1980s. They are known for their television series The Comic Strip Presents..., which was labelled as a pioneering example of the alternative comedy scene. The core members are Adrian Edmondson, Dawn French, Rik Mayall, Nigel Planer, Peter Richardson and Jennifer Saunders, with appearances by Keith Allen, Robbie Coltrane, Alexei Sayle and others.
South Asians in Hong Kong
South Asians in Hong Kong form a significant part of the city's society. According to the 2021 by-census, there were at least 101,969 people of South Asian descent living in the city. Many have traced their roots in Hong Kong for over a century, dating back to the period when both Hong Kong and the Indian subcontinent were under British colonial rule. Their presence is also a legacy of the British Empire, and issues around nationality and citizenship remain complex for many.

Some South Asians in Hong Kong continue to hold Indian citizenship, while others have acquired Chinese nationality and hold a HKSAR passport, usually after obtaining permanent residency. Despite differences in nationality, a large majority speak Cantonese fluently, integrating linguistically into Hong Kong society while maintaining distinct cultural identities.

Ruttonjee Hospital
Ruttonjee Hospital is a district general hospital in Wan Chai on Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is affiliated with the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, at the University of Hong Kong, and provides clinical attachment opportunities for the university's medical students.
Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk II
Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk II (born December 29, 664), also known as Ruler 3, was the ajaw (king) of Piedras Negras, a Maya city in Guatemala. He reigned from January 2, 687, until 729.

Because his monuments were used in the pioneering historical research of Tatiana Proskouriakoff, his history has been better-studied than many other Maya kings.

Piedras Negras (Maya site)
Piedras Negras is the modern name for an ancient, ruined city of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization located on the north bank of the Usumacinta River in the Petén department of northwestern Guatemala. The Mayan name for the city was Yo'k'ib' ([ˈjoʔkʼib]) or Yokib'. Piedras Negras was one of the most powerful of the Usumacinta ancient Maya urban centers. Occupation at Piedras Negras is known from the Late Preclassic period onward, based on dates retrieved from epigraphic information found on multiple stelae and altars at the site. Piedras Negras is a priceless archaeological site, known for its large sculptural output when compared to other ancient Maya sites. The wealth of sculpture, in conjunction with the precise chronological information associated with the lives of the settlement's elite, has allowed archaeologists to reconstruct the political history of the city's polity and its geopolitical footprint.
Taracia gens
The gens Taracia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  No members of this gens appear in history, although at least one held the rank of quaestor at an uncertain period.  Several are known from inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Çetenli, Doğubayazıt
Çetenli is a village in Doğubayazıt District, Ağrı Province, Turkey. Its population is 867 (2021).

The name of the village comes from the çeten plant, of which the village has a large number of fields.
Located in Agri Province, the town is located 18 km from the town of Dogubayazit, and is in the shadow of the biblical Mount Ararat. 
The climate is mountainous and cold to temperate.

The village population has fluctuated greatly. In 2007 it was 3000 while in 2000, it was 1076 and in 1997, 1674.
The village economy is based on agriculture and animal husbandry and has a school, medical center and a potable drinking water supply, but there is no sewerage nor post office.
The village has asphalt roads connecting it, electricity and landline telephone.

Doğubayazıt
Doğubayazıt (Kurdish: Bazîd; Armenian: Պայազատ, romanized: Payazat or Դարոյնք, Daruynk) is a town of Ağrı Province of Turkey, near the border with Iran. Its elevation is 1625 m. It is the seat of Doğubayazıt District. Its population is 80,061 (2021). Also known as Kurdava, the town was the capital of the self-declared Republic of Ararat, a short-lived Kurdish state centered in the Ağrı Province. Demographic research has identified Doğubayazıt as a predominantly Kurdish-speaking city: a public health study by Bakiray Küçükkaya and Erbaydar (2012) noted that "the mother tongue of the majority of the population is Kurdish" in the district. Demographic studies of Kurdish-majority provinces in Turkey have consistently included Doğubayazıt (in Ağrı Province) among areas with high concentrations of Kurdish speakers.
Salif Diop
El Hadji Salif Diop (October 31, 1950 — 27 December 2021) was a Senegalese professor of Geological, Environmental, Earth & Space Sciences. He was the Director of the Ecosystems Section, UNEP Division of Early Warning and Assessment, Nairobi, Kenya, the Vice-Chair of the International Lakes Environment Committee Foundation (ILEC) Scientific Committee, a Member of the African Academy of Sciences, The World Academy of Sciences and a beneficiary of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize Certificate.

Cheikh Anta Diop University
Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) (French: Université Cheikh Anta Diop), is a university in Dakar, Senegal. It is named after the Senegalese physicist, historian and anthropologist Cheikh Anta Diop and has an enrollment of over 60,000.
Girynė
Girynė ('a woods' place', formerly Russian: Гириня) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village was uninhabited. It is located 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) from Krakės, nearby the Jaugila river, inside the Krakės-Dotnuva Forest.

Krakės
Krakės (formerly Krakiai ) is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Smilgaitis River. In the town, there are the Catholic church of St. Matthew the Evangelist (built in 1907), Mikalojus Katkus gymnasium, library, medicine station, St. Catherine women convent, Krakės Agriculture Cooperative with former culture center, swimming pool and shop (built in 1983, architect K. Žalnierius). There is the Vytautas Ulevičius museum of wooden sculptures.

Krakės is on the eastern boundary of the Nevėžis Plain, on the Krakės Ridge (altitude 95–100 meters). Roads go to Betygala, Grinkiškis, Kėdainiai, Bokštai, Gudžiūnai and Josvainiai. The Krakės-Dotnuva Forest is 2–3 km away from the town.
Religion in Australia
Religion in Australia  is diverse. In the 2021 national census, 43.9% of Australians identified with Christianity and 38.9% declared "no religion".

Australia has no official religion. Section 116 of the Constitution of Australia states: "The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth."

Section 116 does not preclude the states of Australia from making such laws.

The Christian festivals of Easter and Christmas are public holidays.

Australian gold rushes
During the Australian gold rushes, starting in 1851, significant numbers of workers moved from elsewhere in Australia and overseas to where gold had been discovered. Gold had been found several times before, but the colonial government of New South Wales (Victoria did not become a separate colony until 1 July 1851) had suppressed the news out of the fear that it would reduce the workforce and destabilise the economy.

The Australian gold rushes changed the convict colonies into more progressive cities with the influx of free immigrants.

After the California Gold Rush began in 1848, many people went there from Australia, so the New South Wales government sought approval from the British Colonial Office for the exploitation of mineral resources, and offered rewards for finding gold.
AgCam
The AgCam is a ruggedized camera system developed for use on Agricultural equipment to assist in viewing on large machinery. The system is manufactured by Dakota Micro, Inc., a North Dakota Corporation, United States.

The University of North Dakota has developed a camera for use on the International Space Stations that was named the AgCam, but has since changed the name of their camera to ISSAC in the light of copyright issues.

The AgCam is sold to a network of equipment dealerships. AgCam is sold by OEM Companies, including: AGCO Corporation, Trimble, Pickett Equipment, Morris Industries Ltd., Double L Inc. and TOPCON,

Agricultural machinery
Agricultural machinery refers to mechanical devices, vehicles, and structures used in farming or other agriculture. There are many types of such equipment, from hand tools and power tools to tractors and the farm implements that they tow or operate. Machinery is used in both organic and nonorganic farming. Especially since the advent of mechanised agriculture, agricultural machinery is an indispensable part of how the world is fed.

Agricultural machinery can be regarded as part of wider agricultural automation technologies, which includes the more advanced digital equipment and agricultural robotics. While robots have the potential to automate the three key steps involved in any agricultural operation (diagnosis, decision-making and performing), conventional motorized machinery is used principally to automate only the performing step where diagnosis and decision-making are conducted by humans based on observations and experience.
Neoperla darlingi
Neoperla darlingi is a species of insect in the family Perlidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is only known from an adult male specimen collected at Gunung Palung National Park. It has a yellow brown colour and a uniformly pale brown head; its wings are composed of a transparent membrane with brown venation and no distinctive markings. It was named after D.C. Darling, a curator of the Royal Ontario Museum who collected the holotype of this species.

Perlidae
The Perlidae are a family of stoneflies, with more than 50 genera and 1,100 described species. The majority of the Perlidae are found in eastern North America, but they occur worldwide except for Antarctica and parts of Africa. Their lifecycles range between one and three years. The adults emerge in the summer; they are very active and known to be attracted to light sources. They are usually very sensitive to changes in environment.

Perlidae are usually lotic and lentic erosional. They are found in cool, clear medium-sized to large streams and sometimes in larger, warm rivers that carry silt. They are crawlers and can move quickly. In still water, no water moves over their gills, so they move their bodies up and down to keep oxygen flowing over them.

They are engulfer-predators. They consume all types of invertebrates. Very young larvae are collector-gatherers.
Mondadori Palace
The Mondadori Palace (Italian: Palazzo Mondadori) is an office building located in Segrate on the outskirts of Milan, Italy. Designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer, it was built between 1970 and 1975 to serve as the headquarters for Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, one of Italy's largest publishing companies.

Considered one of Niemeyer's most important works in Europe, the building features his characteristically curved, sculptural forms and represents an evolution of ideas first explored in the Itamaraty Palace, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs headquarters located in Brasilia. The Mondadori Palace is acclaimed for its structural audacity and monumental presence, with a cantilevered glass office block suspended under gigantic parabolic arches of raw concrete.

Itamaraty Palace
The Itamaraty Palace (Portuguese: Palácio Itamaraty), also known as the Palace of the Arches (Palácio dos Arcos), is the headquarters of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. It is located in the national capital of Brasília. The building was designed by architect Oscar Niemeyer and  inaugurated on April 21, 1970. It is located to the east of the National Congress building along the Ministries Esplanade, near the Praça dos Três Poderes (Three Powers Plaza).

In Brazil, Itamaraty is generally used as a metonymy for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The name stems from that of the palace in Rio de Janeiro which was the headquarters of the ministry before the Brazilian capital and government were moved to Brasília.
Stranger Things (franchise)
Stranger Things is a multimedia franchise based on the American series created by the Duffer Brothers for Netflix. The titular series, Stranger Things, debuted in July 2016, attracting record viewership and widespread critical acclaim. Set in the 1980s, the original show follows supernatural events in the fictional town of Hawkins, Indiana. Its blend of government-lab conspiracy, child protagonists, and 1980s pop culture nostalgia has earned praise for its writing, atmosphere, ensemble cast, and homage to 1980s genre films. The first four seasons garnered multiple award nominations (including 12 Primetime Emmy Awards) and numerous accolades.

The franchise includes a stage play, planned spin-off series, a line of novels and comics, several video games, and extensive licensed merchandise.

Stranger Things season 5
The fifth and final season of the American science fiction horror drama television series Stranger Things, marketed as Stranger Things 5, was released on the streaming service Netflix in two volumes and the finale. The first set of four episodes was released on November 26, 2025, the second set of three episodes was released on December 25, and the finale was released on December 31. The season was produced by the show's creators, the Duffer Brothers, along with Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen.

The season stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Millie Bobby Brown, Finn Wolfhard, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Noah Schnapp, Sadie Sink, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Joe Keery, Maya Hawke, Brett Gelman, Priah Ferguson, Linda Hamilton, Cara Buono, Jamie Campbell Bower, and Nell Fisher. Joe Chrest, Sherman Augustus, Alex Breaux, Jake Connelly, Amybeth McNulty, Randy Havens, and Linnea Berthelsen appear in recurring roles. The season received  positive reviews from critics.
Fanellhorn
The Fanellhorn is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps of Graubünden, Switzerland, south of Vals.

Its summit can be reached by hikers using a signposted path that comes from Guraletschsee and reaches the ridge "Fanellgrätli" on 2710 meters, leading to the peak from northeast
(Swiss grade T4, signposted blue and white from point 2710, before it is red and white and T2). This is a possible extension to a popular hike starting at Zervreila, that passes the three lakes Guraletschsee, Amperveilsee and Selvasee and descends via Selva Alp to Vals. Vals is famous for its spa.

In winter it is a popular summit for enthusiasts of Ski touring, of which most choose a northerly descend.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
1983 Pan American Games medal table
The 1983 Pan American Games, officially known as the IX Pan American Games, were a continental multi-sport event held in Caracas, Venezuela, from August 14 to August 29, 1983. At the Games, 3,426 athletes selected from 36 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in events in 22 sports. Twenty-one nations earned medals during the competition, and thirteen won at least one gold medal.

1983 Pan American Games
The 1983 Pan American Games, officially known as the IX Pan American Games (Spanish: IX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Caracas 1983, were held in Caracas, Venezuela from August 14 to August 29, 1983. The games were the first major international competition to include relatively accurate steroid testing.
34 Cancri
34 Cancri is a star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer, located about 568 light years away from the Sun. It is a challenge to view with the naked even under good viewing conditions, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.48.  At the distance of this star, its visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction of 0.14 due to interstellar dust.

This is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A1 V. It is a chemically peculiar star, possibly of the magnetic-type (CP2), showing an abnormal abundance of strontium. The star is an estimated 336 million years old with only a moderate projected rotational velocity of 18 km/s. It has an estimated 2.7 times the mass of the Sun and about 3.2 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 70 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,661 K.

Cancer (constellation)
Cancer is one of the twelve constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for crab and it is commonly represented as one. Cancer is a medium-size constellation with an area of 506 square degrees and its stars are rather faint, its brightest star Beta Cancri having an apparent magnitude of 3.5. It contains ten stars with known planets, including 55 Cancri, which has five: one super-Earth and four gas giants, one of which is in the habitable zone and as such has expected temperatures similar to Earth. At the (angular) heart of this sector of our celestial sphere is Praesepe (Messier 44), one of the closest open clusters to Earth and a popular target for amateur astronomers.
Dora (sternwheeler)
Dora was a sternwheel steamboat that was operated on the Coquille River on the southern coast of Oregon from 1912 to 1923.  This vessel should not be confused with a number of other craft of the same name operating at the same time in other parts of North America.

Myrtle Point, Oregon
Myrtle Point is a city in Coos County, Oregon, United States, established in 1887. The population was 2,475 at the 2020 census. Located in the Coquille River Valley, Myrtle Point is part of the Coos Bay/North Bend/Charleston Metropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of all of Coos County.