hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Enallagma pallidum
Enallagma pallidum, the pale bluet or pallid bluet, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Enallagma pallidum is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.

Coenagrionidae
Coenagrionidae is a family of damselflies, also known as pond damselflies, in the order Odonata and the suborder Zygoptera. The Zygoptera are the damselflies, which although less known than the dragonflies, are no less common. More than 1,300 species are in this family, making it the largest damselfly family. The family Coenagrionidae has six subfamilies: Agriocnemidinae, Argiinae, Coenagrioninae, Ischnurinae, Leptobasinae, and Pseudagrioninae.

This family is referred to as the narrow-winged damselflies or the pond damselflies. The Coenagrionidae enjoy a worldwide distribution, and are among the most common of damselfly families. This family has the smallest of damselfly species. More than 110 genera of the family Coenagrionidae are currently accepted.
Turdinus
Turdinus is a genus of birds in the family Pellorneidae.

The genus contains the following species:

Black-throated wren-babbler (Turdinus atrigularis)

Large wren-babbler (Turdinus macrodactylus)

Marbled wren-babbler (Turdinus marmoratus)

Black-throated wren-babbler
The black-throated wren-babbler (Turdinus atrigularis) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. It is endemic to the island of Borneo (mainly southern Brunei and East Malaysia).

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It resides primarily in the understory. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It is insectivorous.
A Biographical Dictionary of the Qin, Former Han and Xin Periods (221 BC – AD 24)
A Biographical Dictionary of the Qin, Former Han and Xin Periods (221 BC – AD 24) is a biographical dictionary by Michael Loewe. It was published by Brill in 2000 as volume 16 in section 4 (China) of their Handbook of Oriental Studies series.

Michael Nylan
Michael Nylan is the Jane K. Sather Chair of History at the University of California, Berkeley.
She writes about history, literature, philosophy, art and archaeology of early imperial China.

Nylan was born in 1950 and named after Saint Michael by her mother,
thankful for a successful birth after a series of miscarriages.
After undergraduate and masters study in history, she studied Classical Chinese with Michael Loewe and fell in love with the subject.
Her doctoral work an Princeton University was in history and archaeology.
She was one of the first American scholars in China after the opening in the 1970s, but her stay at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was unsuccessful, due to her male colleagues' refusal to take a woman on excavations.
She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014.
Gold Apple (company)
Gold Apple (Russian: Золотое яблоко, Zolotoe Yabloko) is a Russian chain of beauty stores, one of the biggest international beauty retailers, offering 5,000 brands, 200 of which are exclusively sold in the Gold Apple, including its private label FOR ME.

As of summer 2025, Gold Apple operates in six countries, including CIS and the Gulf states of  UAE, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. The Russian headquarter is located in Yekaterinburg. Middle East headquarter is in Dubai. By April 2025, Gold Apple ranks first in Russia in terms of sales in its segment.

Beauty store
A beauty store, beauty supply store or cosmetics store is a retail business that sells cosmetics, hair-care products and/or beauty tools. The term "beauty store" (without "supply") is often associated with large chains that provide a large-format, glamorous shopping experience whereas "beauty supply store" (including "supply") is associated with smaller, independent retailers.

The industry collectively is referred to by various terms such as under the NAICS classification system, Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies & Perfume Stores (NAICS 446120), comprising establishments known as cosmetic or perfume stores or beauty supply shops primarily engaged in retailing cosmetics, perfumes, hair, wigs, toiletries, and personal grooming products.
Children's Literature Legacy Award
The Children's Literature Legacy Award (formerly the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal or Wilder Award) is a prize awarded by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), to writers or illustrators of children's books published in the United States who have, over a period of years, made substantial and lasting contributions to children's literature. The bronze medal prize was originally named after its first winner, twentieth-century American author Laura Ingalls Wilder, before being renamed in 2018.

Originally, the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal was awarded every five years, awarding six prizes between 1955 and 1980. From 1980 to 2001 it was awarded every three years, awarding seven prizes. From 2001 to 2015 it was awarded every two years. It is now awarded annually. The most recent author to receive the award was Carole Boston Weatherford in 2025.

Laura Ingalls Wilder
Laura Elizabeth Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 – February 10, 1957) was an American writer, teacher, and journalist. She is best known as the author of the children's book series Little House on the Prairie, published between 1932 and 1943, which was based on her childhood in a settler and pioneer family.
Hawne
Hawne is a residential area approximately one mile from Halesowen town centre, in the Dudley district, in the county of the West Midlands, England. It includes Newfield Park Primary School, Earls High School and Halesowen College. There is a mix of private and council housing in the area, much built between 1950 and 1980, but with many terraced houses from circa 1890. Another landmark in the area is The Grove, home of non-league football team Halesowen Town.
It is also home to the owners of Betts Motor Services in Netherton.

Halesowen College of Further Education
Halesowen College is a further and higher education college in Whittingham Road, Halesowen, West Midlands. It was established in 1982 as a tertiary college. The college also has a Business Centre about a mile away at Coombswood that opened in September 1999.
Envoy Enterprises
Envoy Enterprises (stylized as envoy) was a contemporary art gallery located on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City. Envoy Enterprises was founded by Jimi Dams in 2005 and was the first gallery to abandon its prime location in Chelsea for the Lower East Side in 2007.

Artists represented here included Gary Indiana, Michael Lazarus, Narcissister, and Alex Rose.

Aside from the exhibitions in its gallery space, Envoy Enterprises featured video and performance artists as well as emerging bands both in the gallery and previously at Home Sweet Home, which was located at their 131 Chrystie Street location. Envoy Enterprises relocated to 87 Rivington Street in 2012.

Envoy Enterprises showcased two different kinds of exhibitions: one extended show for represented artists that changed every six weeks and a "One Day At A Time" exhibition that presented emerging, unrepresented artists on a daily basis.

Dams announced that the gallery would close in August 2017.

Chrystie Street
Chrystie Street is a street on Manhattan's Lower East Side and Chinatown, running as a continuation of Second Avenue from Houston Street, for seven blocks south to Canal Street. It is bounded on the east for its entirety by Sara D. Roosevelt Park, for the creation of which the formerly built-up east side of Chrystie Street (the even numbers) was razed, eliminating among other structures three small synagogues. Originally called First Street, it was renamed for Col. John Chrystie, a veteran of the War of 1812 and a member of the Philolexian Society of Columbia University, and a new First Street was laid out above Houston Street.
Craigcrook
Craigcrook is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland, best known for Craigcrook Castle. It is fairly affluent, and lies on the north east slopes of Corstorphine Hill. It is near Clerwood, and Blackhall. Davidson's Mains lies to the north, separated from the district by the A90 - Queensferry Road.

Apart from Craigcrook Castle and a few isolated farm buildings the area was featureless until 1920, when it became part of the several open lands (including Craigentinny and Drylaw) acquired by the then Edinburgh Corporation and used for low density bungalow development. The low density and distance from the city centre renders the area difficult to support local small shops and public transport.

There are no supermarkets whatsoever within the district, but the adjoining districts of Davidson's Mains and Blackhall (Craigleith) cater to local needs.

Clermiston
Clermiston is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland, to the west of the city and to the immediate north of Corstorphine, on the western slopes of Corstorphine Hill. Clermiston estate, built from 1954 onwards, was part of a major 1950s house-building programme to tackle overcrowding in Leith and Gorgie.  The area is now home to more than 20,000 people, and abuts onto Drumbrae, Clerwood and Corstorphine.
History of eugenics
The history of eugenics is the study of development and advocacy of ideas related to eugenics around the world. Early eugenic ideas were discussed in Ancient Greece and Rome. The height of the modern eugenics movement came in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Hermann Joseph Muller
Hermann Joseph Muller (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist who was awarded the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation". Muller warned of long-term dangers of radioactive fallout from nuclear war and nuclear testing, which resulted in greater public scrutiny of these practices.
ISOC Morocco
The Moroccan chapter of the Internet Society (or MISOC) is a non-governmental association and is part of the global Internet Society. It aims at being the local arm of ISOC, as well as relaying local concerns to the relevant Internet organizations.

Every member of the chapter is also a member of the global Internet Society.

MISOC was created in November 1994.

Internet Society
The Internet Society (ISOC) is an American non-profit advocacy organization whose purpose is to promote an open and safe internet. Founded in 1992, it has offices in Reston, Virginia, United States, and Geneva, Switzerland, with local chapters around the world.
Whitewater–Baldy complex Fire
The Whitewater–Baldy complex Fire was a wildfire that started on May 9, 2012, in Catron County, New Mexico, USA. The fire burned more than 297,845 acres (465.383 sq mi; 120,534 ha) in Gila National Forest and was fully contained on July 31, 2012. The area of the fire well surpassed that of the Las Conchas Fire of 2011, making Whitewater–Baldy the largest wildfire in New Mexico state history until it was surpassed in May 2022 by the Calf Canyon/Hermits Peak Fire. The Whitewater-Baldy Fire Complex burned mostly within the Gila Wilderness, which includes the fire's namesake mountain, Whitewater Baldy.

Gila National Forest
The  Gila National Forest is a United States national forest in New Mexico. Established in 1905, it now covers approximately 2,710,659 acres (10,969.65 km2), making it the sixth largest national forest in the continental United States. The Forest administration also manage the part of the Apache National Forest in New Mexico which covers 614,202 acres for a total of 3.3 million acres managed by the Gila National Forest.  Within the forest, the Gila Wilderness was established in 1924 as the US's first designated wilderness. The Aldo Leopold Wilderness and Blue Range Wilderness are also found within its borders. The Blue Range Primitive Area lies within Arizona in the neighboring Apache National Forest.
Johnnie Roebuck
Johnnie J. Roebuck (born December 7, 1942) is a retired educator and former politician in Arkansas. She succeeded her second husband Tommy Roebuck in the Arkansas House of Representatives serving from 2007 to 2013.

Tommy Roebuck
Tommy G. Roebuck (born September 4, 1937) is a dentist and former politician in Arkansas who served in the Arkansas House of Representatives. He is a Vietnam War veteran. His wife Johnnie Roebuck ran unopposed to succeed him in office.

He was born in Gould, Arkansas. He is married to Johnie Roebuck and has three children. He received a DDS from the University of Tennessee in 1963. He served in the Arkansas National Guard from 1955-1959. He served in the United States Army from 1963-1965. He served in the United States Army Reserve from 1976-1997.

He has lived in Arkadelphia. He is a Baptist. He has served on the Arkadelphia School Board.

A Democrat, he served in the Arkansas State House of Representatives from 2000-2006.
Canon Inc.
Canon Inc. (Japanese: キヤノン株式会社; Hepburn: Kyanon kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, police equipment , scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.

Tokyo Stock Exchange
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (東京証券取引所, Tōkyō Shōken Torihikijo), abbreviated as Tosho (東証) or TSE/TYO, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan.

The exchange is owned by Japan Exchange Group (JPX), a holding company that it also lists (TYO: 8697), and operated by Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of JPX. JPX was formed from the merger of Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. with Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. (now Osaka Exchange, Inc.); the merger process began in July 2012, when said merger was approved by the Japan Fair Trade Commission. JPX itself was launched on January 1, 2013.
Java razorfish
The Java razorfish (Xyrichtys javanicus) is a doubtful species of wrasse about which little is known.  This fish gets the name "javanicus" from Java, Indonesia, from which the type specimen was supposedly obtained. Also, some fish have been reported to have been spotted in the Red Sea, but these are considered erroneous. The validity of this species is questioned pending further studies.

Wrasse
The wrasses are a family, Labridae, of marine ray-finned fish, many of which are brightly colored. The family is large and diverse, with over 600 species in 81 genera, which are divided into eight subfamilies.

They are typically small, most of them less than 20 cm (7.9 in) long, although the largest, the humphead wrasse, can measure up to 2.5 m (8.2 ft). They are efficient carnivores, feeding on a wide range of small invertebrates. Many smaller wrasses follow the feeding trails of larger fish, picking up invertebrates disturbed by their passing. Juveniles of some representatives of the genera Bodianus, Epibulus, Cirrhilabrus, Oxycheilinus, and Paracheilinus hide among the tentacles of the free-living mushroom corals and Heliofungia actiniformis.
Cayley graph
In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley color graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or color group, is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group. Its definition is suggested by Cayley's theorem (named after Arthur Cayley), and uses a specified set of generators for the group. It is a central tool in combinatorial and geometric group theory. The structure and symmetry of Cayley graphs make them particularly good candidates for constructing expander graphs.

Spectral graph theory
In mathematics, spectral graph theory is the study of the properties of a graph in relationship to the characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors of matrices associated with the graph, such as its adjacency matrix or Laplacian matrix.

The adjacency matrix of a simple undirected graph is a real symmetric matrix and is therefore orthogonally diagonalizable; its eigenvalues are real algebraic integers.

While the adjacency matrix depends on the vertex labeling, its spectrum is a graph invariant, although not a complete one.

Spectral graph theory is also concerned with graph parameters that are defined via multiplicities of eigenvalues of matrices associated to the graph, such as the Colin de Verdière number.
France national badminton team
The France national badminton team (French: Équipe de France de badminton) represents France in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by the French Badminton Federation, France's governing body for badminton. France has had decent results in badminton, having reaching the semifinals in both men's and women's team at the 2020 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships.

The mixed team was runner-up at the 2021 European Mixed Team Badminton Championships. The men's team also reached the quarterfinals in the Thomas Cup twice, particularly in 2014 and 2018.

France also has decent results in badminton at the European Games, having won two silvers and two bronzes.

French Badminton Federation
French Badminton Federation (FFBaD, French: Fédération Française de Badminton) is the national governing body for the sport of badminton in France. As of 2017, it has more than 191,600 registered players across the country and 1,977 affiliated badminton clubs.
Wellsboro Historic District
Wellsboro Historic District, is a national historic district in Wellsboro, Tioga County, Pennsylvania, United States. It includes 531 contributing buildings, three contributing sites, and four contributing objects. It is a 360-acre (1.5 km2) district that is a mixed use commercial / residential / institutional district.  The historic structures date from 1835 to the 1950s and include the Tioga County Court House (1835), Arcadia Theater (1924), First Presbyterian Church (1894), Green Free Library, Penn-Wells Hotel (c. 1910), First Presbyterian Church (1894), St. Paul's Episcopal Church (1899), United Methodist Church of Wellsboro (1905), and Wellsboro Diner (1939).  Three previously listed properties are also included: the Robinson House, Jesse Robinson House, and Wellsboro Armory.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Jesse Robinson House (Wellsboro, Pennsylvania)
The Jesse Robinson House, or the Jesse Robinson Manor, is an historic American home that is located in Wellsboro in Tioga County, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
Caribbean plate
The Caribbean plate is a mostly oceanic tectonic plate underlying Central America and the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of South America.

Roughly 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles) in area, the Caribbean plate borders the North American plate, the South American plate, the Nazca plate and the Cocos plate. These borders are regions of intense seismic activity, including frequent earthquakes, occasional tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.

Transform fault
A transform fault or  transform boundary, is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal. It ends abruptly where it connects to another plate boundary, either another transform, a spreading ridge, or a subduction zone. A transform fault is a special case of a strike-slip fault that also forms a plate boundary.

Most such faults are found in oceanic crust, where they accommodate the lateral offset between segments of divergent boundaries, forming a zigzag pattern. This results from oblique seafloor spreading where the direction of motion is not perpendicular to the trend of the overall divergent boundary. A smaller number of such faults are found on land, although these are generally better-known, such as the San Andreas Fault and North Anatolian Fault.
Walter Robinson (artist)
Walter Rossiter Robinson III  (July 18, 1950 – February 9, 2025), also known as Mike Robinson, was an American painter, publisher, art curator, and art writer, based in New York City. He was called a Neo-pop painter, as well as a member of the 1980s Pictures Generation. Robinson was the subject of the 632 page book A Kiss Before Dying: Walter Robinson – A Painter of Pictures and Arbiter of Critical Pleasures by Richard Milazzo published in 2021 with an Italian translation by Ginevra Quadrio Curzio. In 2025, Robinson was bestowed a posthumous doctorate degree in Fine Art from the New York Academy of Art, who also created The Walter Robinson Scholarship in his name.

Richard Milazzo
Richard Milazzo is a critic, curator, publisher, independent scholar, and poet from New York City. In the 1970s, he was the editor and co-publisher of Out of London Press. He is the co-founding publisher and editor of Edgewise Press. In the 1980s, under the rubric of Collins & Milazzo, he co-curated numerous Collins & Milazzo Exhibitions and co-wrote with Tricia Collins essays on art and art theory.
Yellow.ai
Yellow.ai, formerly Yellow Messenger, is a multinational company headquartered in San Mateo, California focused on customer service automation. It was founded in 2016 and provides an AI platform for automating customer support experiences across chat and voice. The platform supports more than 135 languages across more than 35 channels.

Lightspeed Venture Partners
Lightspeed Venture Partners is an American venture capital firm focusing on seed stage, early stage investments and growth stage investments in the enterprise, fintech, consumer and healthcare sectors. Lightspeed has eleven offices globally and as of 2023 had approximately US$35 billion in assets under management.
Gibson Lake (Indiana)
Gibson Lake is the cooling pond for Duke Energy Indiana's Gibson Generating Station. Measuring at around 3,500 acres (14 km2), it is the largest lake in Indiana built completely above ground, its shores consisting of rock levees on all but two of the lake's six sides both of which were also built up to build the power plant. Opened to fishing in 1978, Gibson Lake had been a prime source of bass and several types of catfish, bluegill, and carp. The lake was closed to fishing in 2007, due to elevated levels of selenium found in the water of the lake. The only entrance to Gibson Lake is the lake's boat ramp, located due southeast of the plant on Gibson County Road 975 South.

Gibson Lake, due to it never getting colder than  40 °F (4 °C), caused by the hot outflows from the plant's condensers, is known to produce a little dusting of snow every now and then.

Cooling pond
A cooling pond is a man-made body of water primarily formed for the purpose of cooling heated water or to store and supply cooling water to a nearby power plant or industrial facility such as a petroleum refinery, pulp and paper mill, chemical plant, steel mill or smelter.
History of the Genoese in Gibraltar
Genoese Gibraltarians  (Italian: genovesi di Gibilterra) have existed in Gibraltar since the 16th century and later became an important part of the population. It is an ethnic community made up of descendants of Genoese and Ligurians who immigrated to Gibraltar during the Italian diaspora. The population of Gibraltar with Genoese (or Italian) surnames is around 20% of the total.

Kaiane Aldorino
Kaiane Loise Aldorino Lopez, GMH (née Aldorino; born 8 July 1986) is a Gibraltarian politician and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss World 2009. From 2017 to 2019, she held the ceremonial position of Mayor of Gibraltar, after previously serving as Deputy Mayor since 2014.

Aldorino previously was a beauty pageant titleholder, being crowned Miss Gibraltar 2009, and later winning Miss World 2009 in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was the first Gibraltarian woman ever to reach the semi-finals of a major international pageant, and is the only to ever win one, as well.