hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dominic Lokinyomo Lobalu
Dominic Lokinyomo Lobalu (born 16 August 1998) is a South Sudanese born middle and long-distance runner who represents Switzerland in international championships. He currently lives and trains in Switzerland and competes for On Running.

Lobalu left South Sudan when he was 8 and took refuge in Kenya. He took up running at the age of 15, and trained as part of the Athlete Refugee Team. He competed for the team in the 1500 metres at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. In May 2019, he competed in the Geneva Marathon and decided to permanently settle in Switzerland.

In 2022, he set South Sudanese national records in the 1500 metres, 3000 metres, 5000 metres and 10,000 metres. He won the 3000 m at the BAUHAUS-galan in Stockholm, Sweden setting a world leading time of 7:29.48.

At the 2024 European Athletics Championships, he won the gold medal in 10,000 metres and the bronze medal in 5000 metres.

Tegla Loroupe
Tegla Chepkite Loroupe (born 9 May 1973) is a former Kenyan long-distance track and road runner. She is also a global spokeswoman for peace, women's rights and education. Loroupe holds the world records for 25 and 30 kilometers and previously held the world marathon record. She was the first African woman to hold the marathon World Record, which she held from 19 April 1998 until 30 September 2001. She is the three-time World Half-Marathon champion. Loroupe was also the first woman from Africa to win the New York City Marathon, which she has won twice. She has won marathons in London, Rotterdam, Hong Kong, Berlin and Rome.

In 2016, she was the person organizing the Refugee Team for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio.
Horsham and Worthing
Horsham and Worthing was a county constituency in West Sussex, centred on the towns of Horsham and Worthing in West Sussex. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

Horsham
Horsham (/ˈhɔːrʃəm/) is a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald, in West Sussex, England. The town lies 31 miles (50 km) south-south-west of London, 18.5 miles (30 km) north-west of Brighton and 26 miles (42 km) north-east of the county town of Chichester. Nearby towns include Crawley to the north-east and Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill to the south-east. It is the administrative centre of the Horsham district.
Leirvikbogen
Leirvikbogen or simply Bogen is a village in Steigen Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) northeast of the municipal centre of Leinesfjorden. The Engeløy Bridges connect Leirvikbogen to the nearby island of Engeløya to the north. Leirvikbogen and its surrounding villages have a total of about 210 residents (2016). Bogen Chapel is located in the village.

Engeløya
Engeløya is an island in the northern part of Steigen Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The island has an area of 69 square kilometres (27 sq mi). The highest point on the island is the 649-metre (2,129 ft) Trohornet mountain. The rocky, mountainous island has grassy slopes that are fertile and it has some of the better farmland in the municipality. The island sits in the entrance to the Sagfjorden, just south of the island of Lundøya.

Engeløya is connected to the mainland by the Engeløy Bridges. The Engeløy Airport, Grådussan is located on the northwestern tip of the island. Steigen Church is located on the southwestern side of the island.

The name Engeløya translates as "Angel Island" in the English language.

During WWII, the German Battery Dietl was constructed with three 40.6 cm SK C/34 guns as part of the Atlantic Wall.
Scytothamnus australis
Scytothamnus australis is a brown alga species in the genus Scytothamnus found in New Zealand. It is a sulphated polysaccharide and the type species in the genus.

The species contains the phlorotannins trifucol, tetrafucol A, tetrafucol B, cis-pentafucol A, diphlorethol A and triphlorethol A.

Gametophyte
A gametophyte (/ɡəˈmiːtəfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore, that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in fertilization to form a diploid zygote, which has a double set of chromosomes. Cell division of the zygote results in a new diploid multicellular organism, the second stage in the life cycle known as the sporophyte. The sporophyte can produce haploid spores by meiosis that on germination produce a new generation of gametophytes.
Wurzbach
Wurzbach (German pronunciation: [ˈvʊʁt͡sˌbax] ⓘ) is a town in the Saale-Orla-Kreis district, in southern Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 33 kilometres (21 mi)  southeast of Saalfeld, and 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Hof.

Saale-Orla-Kreis
Saale-Orla is a Kreis (district) in the east of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Saale-Holzland, Greiz, the Vogtlandkreis in Saxony, the Bavarian districts Hof and Kronach, and the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt.
2021 North Dakota State Bison football team
The 2021 North Dakota State Bison football team represented the North Dakota State University in the 2021 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Bison competed as members of the Missouri Valley Football Conference and were led by third-year head coach Matt Entz. They played their home games at Fargodome in Fargo, North Dakota.

The Bison finished their regular season with a 10–1 record (7–1 in conference), losing only to South Dakota State. They were seeded second in the FCS postseason tournament and received a first-round bye; they then defeated Southern Illinois, East Tennessee State, and James Madison to reach the championship game. The Bison completed their season by defeating Montana State on January 8 in Frisco, Texas, to capture the program's ninth FCS title in 11 seasons.

2021 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team
The 2021 South Dakota State Jackrabbits football team represented South Dakota State University as a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC) during the 2021 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by 25th-year head coach John Stiegelmeier, the Jackrabbits compiled an overall record of 11–4 with a mark of 5–3 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for third in the MVFC. South Dakota State received an at-large bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where the Jackrabbits defeated UC Davis in the first round, Sacramento State in the second round, and Villanova in the quarterfinals before losing to Montana State in the semifinals. The team played home games on campus at Dana J. Dykhouse Stadium in Brookings, South Dakota.

After the season, offensive coordinator Jason Eck was hired as the head football coach at the University of Idaho.
Amable Jourdain
Amable Jourdain (25 January 1788, Paris – 19 February 1818) was an early 19th-century French historian and orientalist, a student of Louis-Mathieu Langlès and Antoine-Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, a specialist of ancient Persia and the Latin transmission of Aristotle.

Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy
Antoine Isaac, Baron Silvestre de Sacy (French: [sasi]; 21 September 1758 – 21 February 1838), was a French nobleman, linguist and orientalist. His son, Ustazade Silvestre de Sacy, became a journalist.
Alex Lilly
Alexandra West Lilly is an American singer-songwriter. She has played in the touring bands for Beck, Lorde, Ry Cooder, and The Bird and the Bee. Since 2010 she has played in The Living Sisters, a supergroup featuring The Bird and the Bee's Inara George, Lavender Diamond's Becky Stark, and singer/songwriter Eleni Mandell.

In 2019 Lilly released her solo debut album 2% Milk on Inara George's label Release Me Records. Produced with Jacob Bercovici of The Voidz and Andy Bauer of Twin Shadow, the album received a glowing review from Jon Pareles at The New York Times, "Lilly's songs are full of musicianly gamesmanship... Lilly delivers structural and emotional complexity with deceptive nonchalance."

On July 31, 2020, she released a song bundle on Release Me called Love in Three Colors. She has also announced an EP with Barbara Gruska of The Belle Brigade and an upcoming stage musical.

Twin Shadow
George William Lewis Jr. (born March 30, 1983), better known by his stage name Twin Shadow, is a Dominican-born American musician, producer, and actor. He has released seven studio albums to date: Forget (2010), Confess (2012), Eclipse (2015), Caer (2018), Twin Shadow (2021), Georgie (2025), and Cadet (2025).
Green Lane Rapidway
The Green Lane Rapidway is a proposed bus rapid transit extension in Newmarket and East Gwillimbury, Ontario. It does not have a committed schedule under the Vivanext plan. It is listed in Metrolinx's regional transportation for the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, The Big Move under the 25-year plan. It will extend from Davis Drive (Regional Road 31) west of Yonge, then north along Yonge Street (York Regional Road 1) from Davis Drive to Green Lane, then from Yonge Street in the west along Green Lane East (Regional Road 19) to the East Gwillimbury GO Station just east of Main Street North (Regional Road 34) in the east.

East Gwillimbury
East Gwillimbury is a town (lower-tier municipality) on the East Holland River in the upper-tier municipality the Regional Municipality of York. It is part of the Greater Toronto Area of southern Ontario, in Canada. It was formed by the amalgamation of the Township of East Gwillimbury with all the previously incorporated villages and hamlets within the township. The main centres in East Gwillimbury are the villages of Holland Landing, Queensville, Sharon, and Mount Albert. The Civic Centre (municipal offices) are located along Leslie Street in Sharon. The northernmost interchange of Highway 404 is at the North edge of East Gwillimbury, just south of Ravenshoe Road. The hamlets of Holt and Brown Hill are also within town limits.

East Gwillimbury takes its name from the family of Elizabeth Simcoe, née Gwillim, wife of Sir John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant Governor of Ontario.
Abbadia San Salvatore
Abbadia San Salvatore is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Siena, in the area of Monte Amiata.

The town is named after the Abbey of the same name. The area was once important for the extraction of cinnabar. Attractions in the town include the medieval borough, the Palazzo della Potesta (15th century) and the church of Santa Croce.

Abbadia San Salvatore borders the following municipalities: Castel del Piano, Castiglione d'Orcia, Piancastagnaio, Radicofani, San Casciano dei Bagni, Santa Fiora, Seggiano.

Piancastagnaio
Piancastagnaio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Siena.

It is located on the Monte Amiata slopes.

The main attractions include the Pieve of Santa Maria Assunta, in Baroque style but existing from before 1188, the Palazzo Bourbon Del Monte and the Rocca Aldobrandesca ("Aldobrandeschi Castle").
BGN/PCGN romanization of Korean
Currently, BGN and PCGN romanize the Korean language using two systems:

McCune–Reischauer in North Korea (BGN 1943, with PCGN soon to follow);

Revised Romanization of Korean in South Korea (2011 agreement).

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Radical of a module
In mathematics, in the theory of modules, the radical of a module is a component in the theory of structure and classification.  It is a generalization of the Jacobson radical for rings.  In many ways, it is the dual notion to that of the socle soc(M) of M.

Finitely generated module
In mathematics, a finitely generated module is a module that has a finite generating set. A finitely generated module over a ring R may also be called a finite R-module, finite over R, or a module of finite type.

Related concepts include finitely cogenerated modules, finitely presented modules, finitely related modules and coherent modules all of which are defined below.  Over a Noetherian ring the concepts of finitely generated, finitely presented and coherent modules coincide.

A finitely generated module over a field is simply a finite-dimensional vector space, and a finitely generated module over the integers is simply a finitely generated abelian group.
Eexterzandvoort
Eexterzandvoort is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Aa en Hunze, and lies about 15 km east of Assen on the road from Eext to Eexterveen. On the north of the hamlet is the stream Hunze, and on the eastern side is the road N33.

As well on the northern side (Hunzedal) of the hamlet as on the southern side (Breevenen) are areas from the foundation Drentsch Landschap situated. The foundation tries on these areas to bring back the situation as it was before the cultivation started.

The statistical area "Eexterzandvoort", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 140.

Aa en Hunze
Aa en Hunze (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌaː ʔɛn ˈɦʏnzə] ⓘ) is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. The municipality has 26,089 inhabitants. The town hall is located in Gieten. The municipality of Aa en Hunze was created on 1 January 1998 by merging the municipalities of Rolde, Gasselte, Gieten, and Anloo.

The names 'Aa' (more precisely the 'Drentsche Aa') and 'Hunze' refer to two small rivers through the municipality. The municipality consists of two distinct parts, each with a different history. The two parts are separated by the Hondsrug, which itself belongs to the western part. This sandy area is among the oldest inhabited regions in the Netherlands. The eastern part of the municipality has a much shorter history of habitation.
Goat's Water
Goat's Water is a small accessible tarn in the English Lake District, located between Dow Crag and The Old Man of Coniston to the Duddon Valley, near the town of Coniston. The tarn is a 2 mile walk from the car park above Coniston village. The tarn is a popular summer walking / hiking and rock climbing point and also a popular remote fly fishing location with the water holding a number of small native wild brown trout.

Dow Crag
Dow Crag is a fell in the English Lake District near Coniston, Cumbria. The eastern face is one of the many rock faces in the Lake District used for rock climbing.

The name Dow Crag originally applied specifically to the eastern face which looks down upon the tarn of Goat's Water, the fell itself having no need for a name before the inception of hill walking in the 19th century. As with many fells the name of a prominent feature was then applied to the whole mass. Dow was originally named Doe and still locally pronounced as "Doe".
RPC Londrina
RPC Londrina (channel 12) is a Brazilian television station licensed to Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, affiliated with TV Globo. The station is part of RPC and its signal covers 52 municipalities in the northeast of the state.

RPC (Brazilian television network)
RPC is a Brazilian television network headquartered in Curitiba, capital of the state of Paraná. It was created in 2000 by Edmundo Lemanski and Francisco Cunha Pereira Filho, after the junction of the television stations of the old Rede Paranaense (TVs Paranaense, Coroados, Cataratas, Esplanada and Cultura), all affiliated with TV Globo. In 2009, the member stations of RPC stopped using their names which had been used since the junction of their stations in 2000, and made a decision to carry the name of their respective cities. It has eight stations around the state, being RPC Curitiba the flagship network.
1998 ACC men's basketball tournament
The 1998 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 5 to 8 in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the Greensboro Coliseum. North Carolina won the tournament for the second year in a row, defeating Duke in the championship game.

From 1998 to  2000, the ACC Tournament adopted a format that in  which the top-seeded team played the last-place team in the first round. The winner of this game received a bye into the semifinals. A second first-round game pitted the #7 seed versus the #8 seed. The winner of that game played the #2 seed in the quarterfinals.

Antawn Jamison of North Carolina was named tournament  MVP.

ACC men's basketball tournament
The ACC men's basketball tournament (popularly known as the ACC tournament) is the conference championship tournament in men's basketball for the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). It has been held every year since the ACC's first basketball season concluded in 1954 (with the 2020 tournament only being partially completed due to  the COVID-19 pandemic). The ACC tournament is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA men's tournament.
Open Publication Distribution System
The Open Publication Distribution System (OPDS) catalog format is a syndication format for electronic publications based on Atom and HTTP. OPDS catalogs enable the aggregation, distribution, discovery, and acquisition of electronic publications. OPDS catalogs use existing or emergent open standards and conventions, with a priority on simplicity.

The Open Publication Distribution System specification is prepared by an informal grouping of partners, combining Internet Archive, O'Reilly Media, Feedbooks, OLPC, and others.

Lexcycle
Lexcycle was a software company that made electronic book reading software. They were responsible for Stanza, which ran on the iPhone, iPod Touch, Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh platforms. In April 2009, Lexcycle was acquired by Amazon.com. In 2012, Amazon.com removed Stanza from all app stores.
G
G, or g, is the seventh letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide. Its name in English is gee (pronounced /ˈdʒiː/ ⓘ), plural gees.

The lowercase version can be written in two forms: the single-storey (sometimes "opentail") g and the double-storey (sometimes "looptail") g. The former is commonly used in handwriting and typefaces based on it, especially in texts intended to be read by children; it is the style used by most sans-serif typefaces, such as Helvetica. The latter form is used by most serif typefaces, such as Times.

Voiced velar plosive
A voiced velar plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "g" sound in "against".

Some languages have a voiced pre-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as front as the prototypical palatal plosive.

Conversely, some languages have a voiced post-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly behind the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as back as the prototypical uvular plosive.
Eleuterio Francesco Fortino
Eleuterio Francesco Fortino (April 21, 1938 – September 22, 2010) was an Italian priest of the Italo-Albanian Catholic Church. Fortino, who was ordained a Catholic priest on 1962, served as Archimandrite in the Eparchy of Lungro in Calabria. He also served as the Under Secretary of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity from 1987 until his death on September 22, 2010. Additionally, he headed the Vatican office charged with improving relations with Orthodox Christianity for ten years.

Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity
The Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity, previously named the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity (PCPCU), is a dicastery within the Holy See whose origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962 to 1965.
2024 cyberattack on Kadokawa and Niconico
On the morning of June 8, 2024, Kadokawa's official website and the Japanese video-sharing platform Niconico suffered a ransomware cyberattack by a Russian-linked hacker group called BlackSuit, who claimed responsibility for the attack.

Royal (cyber gang)
Royal is a cybercriminal ransomware organization known for its aggressive targeting, its high ransom demands, and its use of double extortion (where compromised data is not only encrypted, but also  exfiltrated). Royal does not use affiliates. Formed in 2022, it was renamed Blacksuit in 2024.

Royal has targeted a wide range of industries, including healthcare, finance, and critical infrastructure. Ransom demands by the group range have typically ranged from $1 million to $10 million in Bitcoin.
Čađavica, Bijeljina
Čađavica (Cyrillic: Чађавица) is a name of three different subdivisions located west of the city of Bijeljina in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The three different subdivisions are Čađavica Donja, Čađavica Gornja, and Čađavica Srednja.

Bijeljina
Bijeljina (Serbian Cyrillic: Бијељина) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the provincial center of Semberija, a geographic region in the country's northeast. As of 2013, it has a population of 107,715 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the second largest in the Republika Srpska entity after Banja Luka.
Dynamic testing
In software development, dynamic testing (or dynamic analysis) is examining the runtime response from a software system to particular input (test case).

Tests can be run manually or via automation.

Unit testing, integration testing, System testing and acceptance testing are forms of dynamic testing.

In contrast to static testing, the software must be runnable.

Integration testing
Integration testing is a form of software testing in which multiple software components, modules, or services are tested together to verify they work as expected when combined. The focus is on testing the interactions and data exchange between integrated parts, rather than testing components in isolation.

Integration testing describes how tests are run at the integration-level to contrast testing at the unit or system level.

Often, integration testing is conducted to evaluate the compliance of a component with functional requirements.

In a structured development process, integration testing takes as its input modules that have been unit tested, groups them in larger aggregates, applies tests defined in an integration test plan, and delivers as output test results as a step leading to system testing.