hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.

Nothofagus antarctica
Nothofagus antarctica (Antarctic beech; in Spanish Ñire or Ñirre) is a deciduous tree or shrub native to southern Chile and Argentina from about 36°S to Tierra del Fuego (56° S), where it grows mainly in the diminishing temperate rainforest.

Its occurrence on Hoste Island has previously earned it the distinction of being the southernmost tree on earth; however, in 2019 it was established that N. betuloides was found further south, on Hornos Island. N. antarctica is present on Hornos as well, but the southernmost individual is slightly further north (17 m) of the southernmost N. betuloides.
Twizel
Twizel (/ˈtwaɪzəl/) is the largest town in the Mackenzie District, in the Canterbury Region of the South Island of New Zealand. The town was founded in 1968 to house construction workers on the Upper Waitaki Hydroelectric Scheme. Today, Twizel is a service and tourist town for visitors to the area. It has a resident population of 1,790  (June 2025); during the summer, holidaymakers nearly triple the town's population.

Nearby Lake Ruataniwha supports rowing, sailing and water skiing. Twizel is 37 km (29 minutes drive) east of Lake Ōhau village, 30 km (20 minutes drive) north of Omarama and 60 km (42 minutes drive) south of Lake Tekapo.

Lake Tekapo
Lake Tekapo (Māori: Takapō) is the second-largest of three roughly parallel lakes running north–south along the northern edge of the Mackenzie Basin in the South Island of New Zealand (the others are Lake Pukaki and Lake Ōhau). It covers an area of 83 km2 (32 sq mi) and is at an altitude of 710 m (2,330 ft) above sea level.
1960 Tour de France, Stage 11 to Stage 21
The 1960 Tour de France was the 47th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Lille with a flat stage to Brussels on 26 June and Stage 11 occurred on 6 July with a mountainous stage from Pau. The race finished in Paris on 17 July.

1960 Tour de France
The 1960 Tour de France was the 47th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 26 June and 17 July, with 21 stages covering a distance of 4,173 km (2,593 mi). The race featured 128 riders, of which 81 finished, and was won by the Italian Gastone Nencini.

Because Jacques Anquetil was absent after winning the 1960 Giro d'Italia, Roger Rivière became the main favourite. Halfway the race, Rivière was in second place behind Nencini, and with his specialty the time trial remaining, he was still favourite for the victory. When Rivière had a career-ending crash in the fourteenth stage, this changed, and Nencini won the Tour easily.
WARQ
WARQ (93.5 FM) is a commercial radio station in Columbia, South Carolina. It is owned by Connoisseur Media and it airs a top 40 (CHR) format branded as "Live 93.5". Its studios are on Pineview Road in Columbia, off U.S. Route 378.

WARQ is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 2,800 watts. The transmitter tower is atop the Capitol Center building at 1201 Main Street.  WARQ broadcasts using HD Radio (hybrid) technology.  Its HD digital subchannels carry three formats: alternative rock as ALT 99.7, Christian radio from the Worship & Word Network, and adult album alternative as “The Palm.”

Connoisseur Media
Connoisseur Media LLC is an American media company. It is based in Westport, Connecticut and led by Jeff Warshaw. As of September 2025, Connoisseur operates 207 radio stations and digital assets in 24 states.
Regionalverkehre Start Deutschland
Regionalverkehre Start Deutschland GmbH is a German railway company that operates local rail passenger transport in Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. The company is owned by Deutsche Bahn through DB Regio.

According to its own statements, the company would like to act “lean and dynamic” like a start-up company and thus meet the increasing cost and performance pressure in German local rail passenger transport. This came about, among other things, as a result of the liberalisation of local transport in Germany and the associated tenders in German states. The DB Regio company has lost many routes under this pressure in recent years.

DB Regio
DB Regio AG (German pronunciation: [deːbeː ˈʁeɡi̯o]) is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn which operates regional and commuter train services in Germany. It is a 100% subsidiary of the Deutsche Bahn Group and therefore part of the DB Regio business segment, which also includes DB Regionnetz Verkehrs GmbH and other independent subsidiaries headquartered in Frankfurt am Main.

The company as a mainly nationwide operational company is responsible for all regional transport activities (rail and bus) of the DB Group in Germany. This includes traffic in neighboring countries. DB Regio serves 310 lines with 22,800 trains and 295,000 stops every day, serving about ten million customers.
Rodriguez, Rizal
Rodriguez, officially the Municipality of Rodriguez (Tagalog: Bayan ng Rodriguez) and still commonly known by its former name Montalban, is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 451,383 people, making it the most populous municipality in the country.

The town is one of the richest municipalities in the country, ranking third in 2016 with an income of ₱691 million.

President of the Senate of the Philippines
President of the Senate of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangulo ng Senado ng Pilipinas), commonly referred to as Senate President, is the title of the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the Senate of the Philippines, and third highest and most powerful official in the government of the Philippines. They are elected by the entire body to be their leader. The Senate president is second in the line of succession to the presidency, behind only the vice president and ahead of the speaker of the House of Representatives.

The incumbent Senate president is Tito Sotto of the Nationalist People's Coalition.
2016 European Cross Country Championships
The 2016 European Cross Country Championships was the 23rd edition of the cross country running competition for European athletes. It was hosted in Chia, Italy.

Aras Kaya won the men's senior title, making it three straight victories for Turkey in that event, following in the footsteps of fellow Kenyan-Turkish runners Polat Kemboi Arıkan and Ali Kaya. Yasemin Can, became Turkey's first senior women's winner and also led her nation to the team title. Great Britain were the most successful in the team races, claiming the senior men's, under-23 women's and junior women's titles; the country reached the podium in all categories.

The 2016 edition saw increased Kenyan dominance at the competition, with the top two runners in both senior races being Kenyan-born, as well as the men's under-23 winner.

European Cross Country Championships
The European Cross Country Championships is an annual international cross country running competition. Organised by the European Athletic Association, it is the area championships for the region and is held in December each year. The championships was inaugurated in 1994 in Alnwick and the venue for the championships changes each year.

Unlike the World Championships for the sport, the European Cross Country Championships consists of six races in age categories, with separate senior, under-23, and junior races for both men and women. There are individual and national team medals awarded in each race. In the team competition, the top three from a team of up to six are scored.
Quickness
Quickness (also known as With the Quickness) is the fourth full-length studio album by American rock band Bad Brains. At the time of its release, it was the best selling Bad Brains album and also featured an MTV video for the lead-off track "Soul Craft" directed by Paul Rachman who later went on to produce and direct the feature documentary American Hardcore. Drummer Earl Hudson, though pictured on the cover, does not play on the record, as drum parts were instead performed by Mackie Jayson of the Cro-Mags. In an interview with MTV, guitarist Dr. Know said that the album's title comes from urgency and swiftness.

Darryl Jenifer
Darryl Jenifer (born October 22, 1960) is an American musician, widely known as the bassist for the hardcore punk band Bad Brains and for the rap-rock group The White Mandingos. He appeared in TV's Illest Minority Moments presented by ego trip and the three-part ego trip's Race-O-Rama on VH1.

Jenifer credits numerous musicians and bands for inspiring and influencing his playing, including Al Di Meola, James Jamerson, Geezer Butler, Larry Graham, Stanley Clarke, Percy Jones, Aston Barrett, Lloyd Parks, Errol Holt, Bob Marley, Mahavishnu Orchestra, 999, Eater, Stevie Wonder, Paul Simonon, the Ramones, Return to Forever, Brand X, Weather Report, Earth, Wind, and Fire, Lonnie Liston Smith, Roy Ayers, the Dickies, the Damned, Generation X, the Buzzcocks, Sly and the Family Stone, Led Zeppelin, Peter Frampton, and Black Sabbath.

Jenifer released his first solo album entitled In Search of Black Judas on October 26, 2010. The album had been in development for nearly a decade.
Dengeki Sentai Changeman
Dengeki Sentai Changeman (電撃戦隊チェンジマン, Dengeki Sentai Chenjiman; Blitz Squadron Changeman) is a Japanese television series and the ninth installment of the Super Sentai metaseries. It aired from February 2, 1985, to February 22, 1986, replacing Choudenshi Bioman and was replaced by Choushinsei Flashman running for 55 episodes, making it the second longest after Himitsu Sentai Goranger. It is the third Super Sentai series after J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai and Battle Fever J where the Yellow Ranger is absent, followed by 2013's Zyuden Sentai Kyoryuger, 2019's Kishiryu Sentai Ryusoulger and 2024's Bakuage Sentai Boonboomger. The international English title is listed by Toei as simply Changeman.

Kishiryu Sentai Ryusoulger
Kishiryu Sentai Ryusoulger (騎士竜戦隊リュウソウジャー, Kishiryū Sentai Ryūsōjā; Knightosaur Squadron Ryusoulger) is a Japanese tokusatsu drama and the 43rd entry of the Toei Company's long-running Super Sentai series. Although the series primarily aired in the Reiwa era, it is considered the final Heisei era series as it began airing during it. It is also the fourth and final Super Sentai series to utilize the motif of dinosaurs, as well as the only one to utilize the motif of knights.

It aired from March 17, 2019, to March 1, 2020, replacing Kaitou Sentai Lupinranger VS Keisatsu Sentai Patranger and  Super Sentai Strongest Battle and was replaced by Mashin Sentai Kiramager. The program joining Kamen Rider Zi-O, later Kamen Rider Zero-One, in the Super Hero Time line-up on TV Asahi affiliate stations. Additionally, Ryusoulger began airing in South Korea in August 2019 as Power Rangers Dino Soul and its footage was adapted for Power Rangers Dino Fury.
2025 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship
The 2025 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship was the third edition of the COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-20 women's national teams of the member associations of COSAFA. The tournament doubled as the women's football competition for the AUSC Region 5 Youth Games Namibia 2025 and was hosted in Windhoek from 4 to 13 July 2025. This is Namibia's sixth time hosting a COSAFA tournament, and the fifth time it's in a different competition category.

Zambia were the title-holders, having won their first title in last year's edition. and they successfully defended their crown, completing the tournament unbeaten and without conceding a single goal.

2024 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship
The 2024 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship was the second edition of the COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-20 women's national teams of the member associations of COSAFA. The tournament was hosted in Johannesburg, South Africa from 19 to 24 November 2024.

East African guest nation Tanzania were the inaugural Champions when they lifted a maiden title in 2019 with a 2–1 victory over Zambia in the final. As the Twiga Stars did not return for this edition the tournament saw a COSAFA member claim the title for the first time, with Zambia clinching the championship undefeated and without conceding a goal, while host South Africa finished second.
Zo HaDerekh
Zo HaDerekh (Hebrew: זו הדרך; lit. 'This is the way') is the Hebrew-language weekly newspaper of the Communist Party of Israel (Maki), running since January 1951. The newspaper was the initiative of Meir Vilner, a Jewish communist leader.

Al-Ittihad (Israeli newspaper)
Al-Ittihad (Arabic: الاتحاد, lit. 'The Union') is an Arabic language daily newspaper in Israel. Based in Haifa, it was established in 1944 and is owned by the Communist Party of Israel. It is the oldest Arabic media outlet in Israel and considered the most important. The newspaper is currently edited by Aida Touma-Suleiman.
Charles-Antoine Cambon
Charles-Antoine Cambon (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl ɑ̃twan kɑ̃bɔ̃]; 21 April 1802 – 22 October 1875) was a French scenographer, theatrical production designer, who acquired international renown in the Romantic Era.

Bourla Theatre
Bourla Theatre (also known as Bourlaschouwburg) is a theatre located in Antwerp that seats around 900.  The building is designed in a neoclassical style on the site of the former Tapissierspand tapestry market.  The theatre was designed on request from the city in 1827 by the city architect Pierre Bourla. Construction began in 1829, but was delayed due to the Belgian Revolution.  The theatre was finally finished in 1834 and opened under the name, Grand Théâtre or Théâtre Royal Français, on account of its ownership by a French company.  Presently, the Bourla houses the theatre company Het Toneelhuis, which is a merger of the companies, Koninklijke Nederlandse Schouwburg and Blauwe Maandag Compagnie.

The Bourla is the last remaining municipal theatre in Europe with original stage machinery, which fill five levels above and below the stage.  The building has been named a protected building since 1938, and therefore is regarded among the most important historic buildings in Belgium.
Santa and the Satellite
"Santa and the Satellite" was the fifth single released by Buchanan & Goodman, known for their break-in records.  Dickie Goodman again supplies most of the dialogue, and features disc jockey Paul Sherman in place of Bill Buchanan.

Break-in record
A break-in record is a novelty record which combines spoken word comedy with clips of popular music to create a humorous effect. The subject matter was often inspired by contemporary events or popular culture such as television shows and films. Such comedy recordings were popular in the United States for several decades beginning in 1956 with "The Flying Saucer" by Dickie Goodman and Bill Buchanan.
Wisconsin's 23rd Senate district
The 23rd Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in northwest Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Barron, Clark, Price, Rusk, and Taylor counties, with most of Chippewa County, northern Dunn County, and parts of northwest Marathon County.  The district is mostly rural, but contains the cities of Bloomer, Ladysmith, Medford, Neillsville, and Rice Lake.

Rusk County, Wisconsin
Rusk County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,188. Its county seat is Ladysmith. The Chippewa and Flambeau rivers and their tributaries flow through the county. The land ranges from corn/soybean farms and dairy farms to lakes rimmed with vacation homes to hiking trails through the Blue Hills.
Lyenina, Mogilev region
Lyenina or Lenino (Belarusian: Леніна, romanized: Lienina; Russian: Ленино) is an agrotown in Horki District, Mogilev Region, Belarus.

During World War II, the 1943 Battle of Lenino took place near the settlement.

Horki district
Horki district (Belarusian: Горацкі раён; Russian: Горецкий район, romanized: Goretsky rayon) is a district (raion) of Mogilev region in Belarus. The administrative center is the town of Horki. As of 2009, its population was 47,800. The population of Horki accounts for 68.6% of the district's population.
George Leer
George Leer (1748 at Hambledon, Hampshire – 1 February 1812 at Petersfield, Hampshire) was an English cricketer who played for Hampshire in the time of the Hambledon Club.

Leer began playing in the 1760s. His name has become almost synonymous with the now archaic long stop fielding position (i.e., directly behind the wicket-keeper) that was deemed so necessary in underarm days.

According to Arthur Haygarth, Leer "was a good and successful bat, but was mostly famous as long-stop to Thomas Brett’s tremendous bowling in the Hambledon matches. He was always called "Little George", and was a fine singer, having a sweet counter-tenor voice.  In John Nyren’s book, he is stated to have been a native of Hambledon, but latterly he was a brewer, residing at Petersfield, where he died".

George Leer was a small man who made 44 known appearances from the 1772 season to 1782.

Arthur Haygarth
Arthur Haygarth (4 August 1825 – 1 May 1903) was a noted English amateur cricketer who became one of cricket's most significant historians. He played for the Marylebone Cricket Club and Sussex between 1844 and 1861, as well as numerous other invitational and representative teams including an England XI and a pre-county Middlesex. A right-handed bat, Haygarth played 136 matches, scoring 3,042 runs and taking 19 wickets with his part-time bowling. He was educated at Harrow, which had established a rich tradition as a proving ground for cricketers. He served on many MCC committees and was elected a life member in 1864.

Outside his playing career, Haygarth was a noted cricket writer and historian. He spent over sixty years compiling information and statistics. Of particular note was his compilation: Frederick Lillywhite's Cricket Scores and Biographies, published in 15 volumes between 1862 and 1879.
2011–12 Calgary Dinos women's ice hockey season
The 2011–12 Calgary Dinos women's ice hockey season represented a season of play in Canadian Interuniversity Sport women's ice hockey. The Dinos finished the season by winning the 2012 CIS Women's Ice Hockey Championship. It was the first CIS championship in program history.

2012 CIS Women's Ice Hockey Championship
The 2012 CIS Women's Ice Hockey Championship was held March 8 to March 11, 2012, in Edmonton, Alberta, to determine a national champion for the 2011–12 women's ice hockey season. The tournament was played at Clare Drake Arena and was hosted by the University of Alberta for the first time in school history.

The third-seeded Calgary Dinos won the first gold medal in program history by defeating the sixth-seeded Montréal Carabins by a score of 5–1 in the gold medal game.
Johnson City Square Deal Arch
Johnson City Square Deal Arch is a historic "welcome arch" located at Johnson City in Broome County, New York. It is one of two identical arches erected in 1920 in Johnson City and in nearby Endicott, known as the Endicott Square Deal Arch. It was originally constructed by Endicott-Johnson Shoe Company employees to honor  George F. Johnson (1857–1948), their highly respected employer and benefactor.

After being dismantled in 1976 due to deterioration, it was rebuilt in 1982 in the same location.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

It was removed in June 2024.

George F. Johnson
George Francis Johnson (October 14, 1857 – November 28, 1948) was an American businessman. He was president of shoe manufacturer Endicott Johnson Corporation and the namesake of Johnson City, New York.
Newsies (musical)
Newsies: The Musical is a musical with music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Jack Feldman, and a book by Harvey Fierstein. The show is based on the 1992 musical film of the same name, which in turn was inspired by the real-life Newsboys Strike of 1899 in New York City, with Fierstein's script adapted from the film's screenplay by Bob Tzudiker and Noni White.

The musical premiered at the Paper Mill Playhouse in 2011 and made its Broadway debut in 2012, where it played for more than 1,000 performances before touring.

The Sun (New York City)
The Sun was a New York newspaper published from 1833 until 1950. It was considered a serious paper, like the city's two more successful broadsheets, The New York Times and the New York Herald Tribune. The Sun was the first successful penny daily newspaper in the United States, and was for a time the most successful newspaper in America.

The paper had a central focus on crime news, in which it was a pioneer, and was the first journal to hire a police reporter. Its audience was primarily working class readers.

The Sun is well-known for publishing the Great Moon Hoax of 1835, as well as Francis Pharcellus Church's 1897 editorial containing the line "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus".

It merged with the New York World-Telegram in 1950.
The Raven in the Foregate
The Raven in the Foregate is a medieval mystery novel by Ellis Peters, fourth of the novels set in 1141, a year of great political tumult in the Anarchy. It is 12th of The Cadfael Chronicles, and first published in 1986.

It was adapted for television in 1997 by Carlton Media for ITV.

The harsh, unforgiving Father Ailnoth is brought as pastor for Holy Cross church in the foregate. When he disappears just two weeks later, Cadfael and Hugh Beringar solve the mystery.

Henry of Blois
Henry of Blois (c. 1096 –  8 August 1171), often known as Henry of Winchester, was Abbot of Glastonbury Abbey from 1126, and Bishop of Winchester from 1129 to his death.

He was the son of Stephen II, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy, a younger brother of Stephen, King of England, and a grandson of William the Conqueror. Henry was also a major patron of the arts, funding the Winchester Bible and the font in Winchester Cathedral. He founded the Hospital of St Cross and built much of Wolvesey Castle.
Clan Inglis
Clan Inglis is a Scottish clan with origins dating back to 1153 during the reign of King David I. As the clan does not currently have a chief recognised by the Court of the Lord Lyon, it is considered an armigerous clan. Throughout history members of the Inglis Clan are known and respected for their military, political and judicial service.

Inglis baronets
There have been three creations of baronetcies with the surname Inglis: two in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia (one initially for surname Mackenzie, both extant as of 2023 (but one vacant); and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom that is extinct.

Inglis Baronets of Cramond (1687)

Inglis Baronets of Gairloch (1703)

Inglis Baronets of Milton Bryan (1801)