hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yellow-throated seedeater
The yellow-throated seedeater (Crithagra flavigula) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae.
It is found only in Ethiopia.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

The voice of the bird is a jumbled chirpy song and its call is canary like zeee-zsreee.
The bird favors semi-desert areas with thick patches of scrub on rocky hill sides, scattered trees in savannah type areas. It also prefers highlands rather than low lands.

The yellow-throated seedeater was formerly placed in the genus Serinus but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. The genus was therefore split and a number of species including the yellow-throated seedeater were moved to the resurrected genus Crithagra.

Crithagra
Crithagra is a genus of small passerine birds in the finch family (Fringillidae). They live in Africa and Arabia.

The species in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Serinus, but phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. It was therefore split into two monophyletic genera. Eight species, including the European serin (Serinus serinus), were retained in Serinus, while the other species were assigned to the resurrected genus Crithagra.
Sidi el Barrak Dam
The Sidi El Barrak Dam is an embankment dam centred 18 km (11 mi) northeast of Tabarka and 2 km (1 mi) from the Mediterranean Sea on the Oued Zouara River in the Beja Governorate, Tunisia. Constructed between 1994 and 2000, the primary purpose of the dam is water supply. As part of the Sidi el Barrak Development Project, water stored in the dam is pumped to the Seyjame Dam, at a rate of 265,000,000 m3 (214,839 acre⋅ft) annually. This water is supplied to Tunis, Cap Bon and the Sahel including Sfax for municipal use as well as agricultural purposes. The entire project was completed in 2002.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
Ralph Nicholson (cricketer)
Ralph Charles Nicholson (May/June 1816 – 16 July 1879) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of John Nicholson, he was born in 1816 at Slaugham, Sussex. He was a member of the family which owned the J&W Nicholson & Co gin distillery based in Clerkenwell and Three Mills. Nicholson made four appearances in first-class cricket, firstly for the Gentlemen in the Gentlemen v Players fixture of 1841 at Lord's, before making three first-class appearances for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1842 against Cambridge University, the North of England and Sussex. He scored 39 runs in his four first-class matches, at an average of 6.50 and a high score of 29 not out. Nicholson later emigrated to the United States, where he died in July 1879 at Newell, Iowa. His brother, William, was a distiller, politician and first-class cricketer. His brothers John and Richard were also first-class cricketers.

John Nicholson (Cambridge University cricketer)
John Nicholson (18 February 1822 – 10 December 1861) was an English cricketer who played in three first-class cricket matches for Cambridge University in 1845. He was born in Clapton, London and died at Tillingbourne, Dorking, Surrey.

Nicholson was educated at Rugby School and at Harrow School and was at Trinity College, Cambridge from 1842 to his graduation in 1846. He appeared for the university in two cricket matches against the Marylebone Cricket Club and then in a low-scoring University Match which was won by Cambridge.

John Nicholson was followed at Cambridge by his younger brother, William, who became a better-known cricketer (though not playing for the university team) and, through the family firm of J&W Nicholson & Co, the gin distiller, a significant benefactor to Lord's and the MCC, which adopted the company colours.
Glendon, Northamptonshire
Glendon is a deserted village in the English county of Northamptonshire. Its location was on land to the east of Glendon Hall, now within the parish of Rushton, in the North Northamptonshire district. Neighbouring towns include Rothwell, Kettering, Rushton and Desborough.

Desborough
Desborough is a town and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England, lying in the Ise Valley between Market Harborough and Kettering. It was an industrial centre for weaving and shoe-making in the 19th century and had a long association with the Co-operative movement.
Weldon Spring Conservation Area
The Weldon Spring Conservation Area, is a 8,398-acre (33.99 km2) conservation area that is owned and managed by the Missouri Department of Conservation and located in St. Charles County, Missouri. The area borders the Missouri River, and the Katy Trail runs through the area but is not considered part of the conservation area.

Katy Trail State Park
The Katy Trail State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Missouri that contains the Katy Trail, the country's longest continuous recreational rail trail. It runs 240 miles (390 km), largely along the northern bank of the Missouri River, in the former right-of-way of the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. Open year-round from sunrise to sunset, it serves hikers, joggers, and cyclists. Its hard, flat surface is of "limestone pug" (crushed limestone).

The nickname "Katy" comes from the phonetic pronunciation of "KT", a short form of the railroad's abbreviated name, MKT. Sections of the Katy are also part of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail and the American Discovery Trail.
The Hierophant
The Hierophant (V), alternatively depicted as The Pope or The High Priest (as a counterpart to "The High Priestess") is the fifth card of the Major Arcana in occult Tarot decks used in divination. It was identified as the Pope in early decks like Tarot of Marseilles, while modern decks like Rider–Waite Tarot may use the term hierophant (Ancient Greek: ἱεροφάντης), a person who brings religious congregants into the presence of that which is deemed "holy".

Major Arcana
The Major Arcana are the named cards in a cartomantic tarot pack. There are usually 22 such cards in a standard 78-card pack, typically numbered from 0 to 21 (or 1 to 21, with the Fool being left unnumbered). Although the cards correspond to the trump cards of a pack used for playing tarot card games, the term 'Major Arcana' is rarely used by players and is typically associated exclusively with use for divination.

The Major Arcana are complemented by the Minor Arcana - the 56 unnamed cards of the tarot deck, which more directly correspond to the contemporary standard 52-card deck.
Huachipato, Chile
Huachipato is census district and neighbourhood in Talcahuano Commune, part of the conurbation of Greater Concepción in the Biobío Region of southern Chile. It is the industrialized part of the commune supporting a steel mill and oil refinery.

Talcahuano
Talcahuano (Spanish pronunciation: [talkaˈ(ɣ)wano]) (From Mapudungun Tralkawenu, "Thundering Sky") is a port city and commune in the Biobío Region of Chile. It is part of the Greater Concepción conurbation. Talcahuano is located in the south of the Central Zone of Chile.
Monticello station
Monticello station is a Tide Light Rail station in Norfolk, Virginia. It opened in August 2011 and is situated in downtown Norfolk on Monticello Avenue between Charlotte and Freemason Streets.

The station is adjacent to the MacArthur Center, the Norfolk Federal Courthouse, the TCC Roper Center for Performing Arts, Wells Theaters, Norfolk Scope, and the Tidewater Community College downtown campus.

The Tide (light rail)
The Tide is a 7.4-mile (12 km) light rail line in Norfolk, Virginia, United States, owned and operated by Hampton Roads Transit (HRT). It connects Eastern Virginia Medical School, downtown Norfolk, Norfolk State University, and Newtown Road. Service began on August 19, 2011, making it the first light rail system in Virginia. Fares match local bus fares and the line accepts HRT's GO Passes. Trains generally run every 15 minutes, increasing to every 10 minutes during peak periods and every 30 minutes during early mornings and late evenings. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 853,300, or about 2,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Raoul Wallenberg: Buried Alive
Raoul Wallenberg: Buried Alive is a Canadian documentary film, directed by David Harel and released in 1983. A profile of Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, the film covered his role in saving the lives of Jewish refugees from the Holocaust, as well as exploring the evidence that he may still have been alive in a Soviet gulag as late as the early 1980s.

The film was narrated by Pierre Berton. It had a brief theatrical run, but was distributed primarily on television, airing on PBS in 1984 and on CBC Television in 1985.

The film won the Genie Award for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 6th Genie Awards.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Feature Length Documentary
The Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television presents an annual award for Best Feature Length Documentary. First presented in 1968 as part of the Canadian Film Awards, it became part of the Genie Awards in 1980 and the contemporary Canadian Screen Awards in 2013.

Under current Academy regulations, the awards for Best Feature Length Documentary and Best Short Documentary can be collapsed into a single award for Best Documentary if either category receives three or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass three submissions.
Rivina humilis
Rivina humilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Petiveriaceae. It was formerly placed in the pokeweed family, Phytolaccaceae.  It can be found in the southern United States, the Caribbean, Central America, and tropical South America. Common names include dogblood, pigeonberry, rougeplant, baby peppers, bloodberry, and coralito. The specific epithet means "dwarfish" or "lowly" in Latin, referring to the plant's short stature.

Shade tolerance
In ecology, shade tolerance is a plant's ability to tolerate low light levels.  The term is also used in horticulture and landscaping, although in this context its use is sometimes imprecise, especially in labeling of plants for sale in commercial nurseries.

Shade tolerance is a complex, multi-faceted property of plants. Different plant species exhibit different adaptations to shade, and a particular plant can exhibit varying degrees of shade tolerance, or even of requirement for light, depending on its history or stage of development.
1989 VFA season
The 1989 VFA season was the 108th season of the Victorian Football Association (VFA), an Australian rules football competition played in the state of Victoria. The season began on 9 April and concluded on 24 September, comprising an 18-match home-and-away season over 20 rounds, followed by a four-week finals series.

Coburg won the premiership for the second year in a row and the sixth time overall, defeating Williamstown by 20 points in the 1989 VFA Grand Final. As of 2025, it is the last time Coburg has won a senior VFA/VFL premiership.

This was the first season since 1960 in which the VFA operated as a single-division competition, having operated as a two-division competition with promotion and relegation for the previous 28 years.

Coburg Football Club
The Coburg Football Club, nicknamed the Lions, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Coburg. It has been based at Coburg City Oval since 1915.

Coburg's men's team currently plays in the Victorian Football League (VFL), while the women's team has competed in the VAFA Women's (VAFAW) since 2023. The club also has a team in the FIDA Football League, a competition for people with intellectual disabilities, and junior teams in the Essendon District Football League (EDFL).
WA Boufarik (basketball)
Widad Olympic Boufarik, formerly Widad Adabi Boufarik, shortly WO Boufarik, is a basketball team belonging to a multi-sports club of the same name. Based in Boufarik, Algeria, WA Boufarik has historically been the nation's second-best team, after GS Pétroliers.

In total, WA Boufarik has won 18 titles. The team won its first title in the 1987 Cup of Algeria, winning the finals against NA Hussein Dey by one point (65–64). In the 1990s, the club won 12 titles, including five consecutive titles from 1990 to 1994 and four Algerian Cups. The club won its most recent league title during the 2001–02 season. In 2007, Widad played their last final against DRB Staouéli and lost 66–64.

MC Alger (basketball)
Mouloudia Club d'Alger (Arabic: نادي مولودية الجزائر), referred to as MC Alger or MCA for short, is an Algerian basketball team that was founded on 7 August 1921, as a division of MC Alger. They play their home games in the Hacène Harcha Arena, which has a capacity of 8,000 people. The team has won a record twenty-one Algerian national championships, as well as twenty Algerian Cups.
Kotis Point
Kotis Point (Nos Kotis \'nos 'ko-tis\) is a point on the northwest coast of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica forming the south side of the entrance to Eliseyna Cove.  The point is featuring a conspicuous rock at its tip, situated 3 km northeast of Bezmer Point, 6.6 km southwest of Williams Point and 12.6 km east-northeast of Siddins Point.  It was named after the Thracian King Kotis I, 384-359 BC.

Williams Point
Williams Point is the point forming both the north extremity of Varna Peninsula and the northeast tip of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Separated from Zed Islands to the north by Iglika Passage.

The discovery of the South Shetland Islands was first reported in 1819 by William Smith, Master of the brig Williams who had sighted the point on 19 February that year.  An 1820 publication suggests that Smith gave the name ‘Williams’ to a point of land in this vicinity.  In recent years the place name Williams Point has been established in international usage for the point described.
Durreck Group
The Durreck Group in South Tyrol is an independent mountain range within the Venediger Group. To the north and west it is bounded by the Tauferer Ahrntal, behind which the peaks of the Zillertal Alps stand. To the south it is separated by the valley of Reintal from the Rieserferner Group. The Ochsenlenke (2,623 m) forms the eastern end of the Durreck Group where the rocky ridge drops to almost 2,600 m and completely disappears under the rolling depositional landscape. From the Schneespitze (2,925 m) the first peaks and glaciers of the rest of the Venediger Group appear and link to the main chain of the High Tauern, whose orographically western foothills are therefore the Durreck Group. The Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps also counts the range as part of the Venediger Group.

The Durreck Group lies entirely within the Rieserferner-Ahrn Nature Park.

Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps
The Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (German: Alpenvereinseinteilung der Ostalpen, AVE) is a common division of the Eastern Alps into 75 mountain ranges, based on the Moriggl Classification (ME) first published in 1924 by the German and Austrian Alpine Club. The present-day division established for the German-speaking world (less Switzerland) was compiled by the German, Austrian and South Tyrol Alpine Clubs and published in 1984 and is also used for the basic numbering of Alpine Club maps for mountaineering.
Meiningen station
Meiningen station is a junction of four railways and with its facilities is one of the most important railway stations in southern Thuringia, Germany.

It consists of two once separate stations, the former Prussian station as a through station on the Werra Railway and the Bavarian station as a terminal station on the Schweinfurt–Meiningen line.

Eisenach Hauptbahnhof
Eisenach Hauptbahnhof is the main station of the city of Eisenach in the German state of Thuringia. It is a transportation hub, located on the Thuringian Railway (Berlin/Dresden–) Halle–Bebra (–Frankfurt am Main) and at the Werra Railway (Eisenach–Meiningen–Eisfeld).

Eisenach Hauptbahnhof (Hbf) is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. Effectively 15 December 2024, alongside Halberstadt Hauptbahnhof, Deutsche Bahn has officially changed Eisenach's station name into Eisenach Hauptbahnhof.
Karen Americans
Karen Americans (S'gaw Karen: ကညီအမဲရကၤဖိ) are Americans of full or partial Karen ancestry. They are a recent but rapidly growing immigrant population in the United States. Many Karen who emigrate are refugees as a result of violence in their homeland. Many come either from their traditional homeland of Kawthoolei in Myanmar or from refugee camps in Thailand.

Minnesota had more than 20,000 Karen residents in 2025, making it the state with the largest Karen community. Other states with significant populations are California, Texas, New York, and Indiana.

Karen first started arriving in the United States en masse during the mid-2000s and now form a significant minority in several cities. The growth of Karen Americans is part of the larger growth of Burmese Americans in the United States.

The Karenni, a related subgroup of the Karen, are sometimes included in official statistics of Karen Americans and other times are treated as a separate ethnicity.

Burmese Americans
Burmese Americans (Burmese: မြန်မာဇာတိနွယ် အမေရိကန် [mjəmà zàtḭnwɛ̀ ʔəmèjḭkàɰ̃]) are Americans of full or partial Burmese ancestry, encompassing individuals of all ethnic backgrounds with ancestry in present-day Myanmar (or Burma), regardless of specific ethnicity. As a subgroup of Asian Americans, Burmese Americans have largely integrated into the broader Southeast Asian and South Asian American communities.

In 2021, the Burmese American population stood at 233,347. Indiana had both the largest Burmese community and highest percentage of Burmese of any state. Indianapolis, Minneapolis-Saint Paul, and Fort Wayne are home to the largest Burmese American populations. As of August 2023, the Burmese population stands at 322,000, according to the Burmese American Community Institute.
Southern Cross Trophy
The Southern Cross Trophy is a cricket trophy that was awarded to the winner of Test series between Australia and Zimbabwe. The Trophy was first contested in a single-Test series in Zimbabwe in 1999, which was accompanied by a series of three One Day Internationals. In the first Test of the second and last series of the Trophy in the 2003–04 season, Matthew Hayden scored a then-record highest Test score by a batsman, a 380 that won him the player of the series award.

Zimbabwe national cricket team
The Zimbabwe men's national cricket team, also known as the Chevrons, represents Zimbabwe in men's international cricket and is overseen by Zimbabwe Cricket. Zimbabwe has been a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1992. As of October 2025, Zimbabwe was ranked 11th by the ICC in all three formats of the game: Tests, One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 internationals (T20Is).
Sanu railway station
Sanu railway station is a small railway station in Jaisalmer district, Rajasthan. Its code is SANU. It serves Sanu town. The station consists of two platforms. The station is the terminal on Jaisalmer–Sanu line and last Indian station in Jaisalmer district towards Pakistan. This station is for transport of limestone. There is no passenger train scheduled for this station.

Jaisalmer district
Jaisalmer district is the largest district in the Indian state of Rajasthan, and the third largest district in India. Located in Marwar (Jodhpur Division), the city of Jaisalmer is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is around 289 km (180 mi) from the city of Jodhpur, and around 559 km (347 mi) from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. As of the 2011 population census, it is the least populous district out of all 50 districts in Rajasthan. Jaisalmer district is located in western part of the state.
James George Barbadoes
James George Barbadoes (c. 1796–June 22, 1841) was an African-American, community leader, and abolitionist in Boston, Massachusetts in the early 19th century. Dedicated to improving the lives of people of color at the local level, as well as the national level.

Charles Bennett Ray
Charles Bennett Ray (December 25, 1807 – August 15, 1886) was a prominent African-American minister and abolitionist who owned and edited the weekly newspaper The Colored American. Born in Massachusetts, he spent most of his career and life in New York City.
Battle by the Anastasian Wall (559)
The  Anastasian Wall Battle or Battle at the Anastasian Wall, which took place at the end of winter – beginning of spring 559, was a pivotal battle between the Byzantine army commanded by Dux Sergius and a Kutrigur Bulgars army commanded by Zabergan in the 558-559 AD Kutrigur campaign against the Byzantine Empire. The battle took place at the east side of the Anastasian Wall, about 40 km west of Constantinople.

Kutrigurs
The Kutrigurs were a Turkic nomadic equestrian tribe who flourished on the Pontic–Caspian steppe in the 6th century AD. To their east were the similar Utigurs and both possibly were closely related to the Bulgars. They warred with the Byzantine Empire and the Utigurs. Towards the end of the 6th century they were absorbed by the Pannonian Avars under pressure from other Turkic groups.
Thinkalazhcha Nishchayam
Thinkalazhcha Nishchayam (transl. Engagement on Monday) is a 2021 Indian Malayalam-language, comedy-drama film written and directed by Senna Hegde. The film won the Best Feature Film in Malayalam at the 68th National Film Awards. It was also chosen as the Second Best Film and Senna Hegde received the award for Best Story at the 51st Kerala State Film Awards. The film was also selected for the 25th International Film Festival of Kerala under the "Malayalam Cinema Today" category. The film was produced by Pushkara Mallikarjunaiah under the banner of Pushkar Films.

SonyLIV
Sony LIV is an Indian subscription video-on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Culver Max Entertainment. Sony LIV was introduced in 2013 as the first OTT service in India. As a streaming service, it provides live sports, original titles, other content titles from its own networks and content titles in India licensed from third-parties such as JioHotstar, Netflix among others. The Sony LIV content library includes films, TV shows and series, and sports.
Badme
Badme (Tigrinya: ባድመ, Arabic: بادم) is a town in the Gash-Barka region of Eritrea, on the border with Ethiopia. Control of the town was at the centre of the Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict, which lasted from the beginning of the Eritrean–Ethiopian War, in 1998, to the signing of a joint statement at the 2018 Eritrea–Ethiopia summit, twenty years later.

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር, romanized: Ye’Ītiyop’iya Ḥizibochi Ābiyotawī Dīmokirasīyawī Ginibari) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.