hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Siemień
Gmina Siemień is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Parczew County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Siemień, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Parczew and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 110.93 square kilometres (42.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,825 (4,712 in 2014).

Parczew
Parczew [ˈpart͡ʂɛf] is a town in eastern Poland, with a population of 10,281 (2006).  It is the capital of Parczew County in the Lublin Voivodeship.

Parczew historically belongs to Lesser Poland (Małopolska) region. The town lies 60 kilometers north of Lublin, and 70 kilometers south of Biala Podlaska. It has a rail station on the secondary-importance line from Lublin to Łuków, which was inaugurated in 1898.
Hypercomputation
Hypercomputation or super-Turing computation is a set of hypothetical models of computation that can provide outputs that are not Turing-computable. For example, a machine that could solve the halting problem would be a hypercomputer; so too would one that could correctly evaluate every statement in Peano arithmetic.

The Church–Turing thesis states that any "computable" function that can be computed by a mathematician with a pen and paper using a finite set of simple algorithms, can be computed by a Turing machine. Hypercomputers compute functions that a Turing machine cannot and which are, hence, not computable in the Church–Turing sense.

Technically, the output of a random Turing machine is uncomputable; however, most hypercomputing literature focuses instead on the computation of deterministic, rather than random, uncomputable functions.

Arithmetical hierarchy
In mathematical logic, the arithmetical hierarchy, arithmetic hierarchy or Kleene–Mostowski hierarchy (after mathematicians Stephen Cole Kleene and Andrzej Mostowski) classifies certain sets based on the complexity of formulas that define them.  Any set that receives a classification is called arithmetical.  The arithmetical hierarchy was invented independently by Kleene (1943) and Mostowski (1946).

The arithmetical hierarchy is important in computability theory, effective descriptive set theory, and the study of formal theories such as Peano arithmetic.

The Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm provides an easy way to get an upper bound on the classifications assigned to a formula and the set it defines.

The hyperarithmetical hierarchy and the analytical hierarchy extend the arithmetical hierarchy to classify additional formulas and sets.
Arothron meleagris
Arothron meleagris, commonly known as the guineafowl puffer or golden puffer, is a pufferfish from the Indo-Pacific, and Eastern Pacific. It is occasionally caught for the aquarium trade. It reaches 50 centimetres (20 in) in length.

Guineafowl puffers have heavy rounded bodies that are uniformly black with numerous small white spots (black puffer or botete negro), bright yellow spots (golden puffer or botete dorado) or a mixture of the two morphologies with bright yellow spots and black patches. They have large blunt heads with short snouts and are equipped with a set of massive teeth. They have small and similarly shaped anal and dorsal fins that are well back on their body. Their caudal fin base is long and deep and their caudal fin is rounded. Their body is covered with small denticles that resemble coarse sandpaper.
When this fish is scared or frightened, they inflate and make themselves larger, exposing the denticles.

Aquatic locomotion
Aquatic locomotion or swimming is biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium. Swimming by different mechanisms has evolved repeatedly in organisms including arthropods, fish, molluscs, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Many single-celled organisms including bacteria and ciliates use motile organelles, cilia or flagella, while others use pseudopodia, temporary projections of the cell body powered by the cytoskeletal protein actin. Larger organisms may swim by undulating their bodies, as in many fish and worms; by jet propulsion, as in cephalopods such as squid; or by moving flippers like wings, as in sea turtles.
Feilding Old Boys Oroua Rugby and Netball Club
Feilding Old Boys Oroua is a rugby and Netball club based at Nelson Street in Feilding and Kimbolton Road in Kimbolton, Manawatū District, New Zealand. It is a constituent club of the Manawatu Rugby Union and playing under the name "The Stags", although the club is often referred to as "FOBO".

In 2009 the Feilding Old Boys RFC merged with the Oroua club, based in Kimbolton. The club also combined rugby and netball clubs.

The main rival club is Feilding commonly referred to as Feilding Yellows.  The respective club-rooms are based on either side of the rugby field at Johnston Park.

Kimbolton, New Zealand
Kimbolton is a rural village north of Feilding in the Manawatū District of the North Island of New Zealand.  Kimbolton is named after Kimbolton, Cambridgeshire, a village in England which is the site of Kimbolton Castle, once the home of the Duke of Manchester. It was originally called Birmingham, after Birmingham, England.

The soil and climate in the area is ideal for rhododendrons and there are two rhododendron gardens in the area, including the former garden of the New Zealand Rhododendron Association, which was largely built by John Stuart Yeates, now called Heritage Park.

Amenities in the town include a cafe, a bowling green, a native reserve, and a rugby ground.

The small farming settlement of Āpiti lies 15km northeast of Kimbolton.
Chips Fire
The 2012 Chips Fire was a large wildfire in California's Plumas County. After igniting on July 29, the fire burned for 33 days and spread to 75,431 acres (30,526 hectares), or more than 118 square miles (310 square kilometres), before it was fully contained on August 31. In the process it became the second-largest fire of California's 2012 wildfire season after the Rush Fire in Lassen County.

The Chips Fire burned in the northern Sierra Nevada, primarily impacting Plumas National Forest and private timberlands. While the fire threatened nearby communities, such as Belden and Prattville, it only destroyed nine structures. The cost of the firefighting effort was estimated at $55 million. The fire started directly adjacent to the Pacific Crest Trail and was determined to have been human-caused.

2012 California wildfires
In 2012, 7,950 wildfires burned a total of 869,599 acres (3,519.14 km2) in the US state of California;: 62  these included the massive Rush Fire, which was the tenth-largest wildfire recorded in California in modern times, and the Ponderosa Fire, which destroyed 133 structures. The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire) incurred fire suppression costs of US$310 million between July 2012 and June 2013, in addition to wildfire damages of $28.2 million.
Prince Patel
Luqmaan Prince Patel (born 3 January 1993), better known as Prince Patel, is a British professional boxer who was the International Boxing Organization (IBO) bantamweight champion from December 2023 to April 2024. He has also held multiple regional championships, including the vacant Commonwealth super-flyweight title since March 2021 and the African super-flyweight title in 2019. Patel is the first boxer of Indian descent to have won a Commonwealth, WBA, and IBF title.

Prince Patel is the first and only boxer of Indian descent to have won a World Championship Boxing title.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
N-Hydroxyphthalimide
N-Hydroxyphthalimide is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2NOH.  A white or yellow solid, it is a derivative of phthalimide. The compound is used as a catalyst in the synthesis of other organic compounds.  It is soluble in water and organic solvents such as acetic acid, ethyl acetate and acetonitrile.

Phthalimide
Phthalimide is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2NH. It is the imide derivative of phthalic anhydride. It is a sublimable white solid that is slightly soluble in water but more so upon addition of base. It is used as a precursor to other organic compounds as a masked source of ammonia.
Maldives national football team
The Maldives national football team (Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭ ގައުމީ ފުޓްބޯލް ޓީމް) represents the Maldives in international football and is controlled by the Football Association of Maldives. It is a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

The Maldives' most significant success was winning the 2008 SAFF Championship where they beat the most successful team India in the final 1–0. They won their second local title in 2018 SAFF Championship, once again by beating India in the final.

1999 SAFF Gold Cup
The 1999 SAFF Gold Cup (also known as SAFF Coca-Cola Cup due to sponsorship reasons) was held in Goa, India between 22 April 1999 and 1 May 1999. The Nehru Stadium in Margao played host to all matches. India successfully defended their title by beating Bangladesh in the final, by doing so they became the first team to retain the title as well.
Alphonse Maeder
Alphonse Maeder (11 September 1882 – 27 January 1971), alternatively spelled Alphons Maeder or Alphonse Mäder was a Swiss physician who specialised in psychiatry, psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis. He worked as an assistant to Eugen Bleuler and Carl Jung and worked with Sigmund Freud and contributed to the study of dreams and their functions, the relationship between the patient and the analyst, and the healing process.

Eugen Bleuler
Paul Eugen Bleuler (/ˈblɔɪlər/ BLOY-lər; Swiss Standard German: [ˈɔʏɡeːn ˈblɔʏlər, ˈɔʏɡn̩]; 30 April 1857 – 15 July 1939) was a Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist most notable for his influence on modern concepts of mental illness. He coined several psychiatric terms including "schizophrenia", "schizoid", "autism", depth psychology and what Sigmund Freud called "Bleuler's happily chosen term ambivalence". Bleuler remains a controversial figure in psychiatric history for his racist and ableist beliefs, as well as his implementation of eugenic practises in psychiatry based on these beliefs, most notably at the Burghölzli clinic in Zurich.
VPB-91
VPB-91 was a Patrol Bombing Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 91 (VP-91) on 1 December 1941, redesignated as Patrol Bombing Squadron 91 (VPB-91) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 2 April 1946.

Consolidated PBY Catalina
The Consolidated Model 28, more commonly known as the PBY Catalina (U.S. Navy designation), is an American flying boat and amphibious aircraft designed by Consolidated Aircraft in the 1930s and 1940s. In U.S. Army service, it was designated as the OA-10 and in Canadian service as the Canso, and it later received the NATO reporting name Mop. It was one of the most widely used seaplanes of World War II. Catalinas served with every branch of the United States Armed Forces and in the air forces and navies of many other nations.  The last military PBYs served until the 1980s.
Rockland Community College
Rockland Community College (RCC) is a public community college in Rockland County, New York. It is part of the State University of New York. The college, established in 1959, became the 18th community college to join the SUNY system. The college offers 51 programs and offers associate degrees and certificates. The current enrollment is 6,859 students.

The main campus is in Suffern, New York, but classes are also offered at an extension sites in Nyack and Orangeburg.

National Junior College Athletic Association
The National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA or JUCO) is the governing association of community college, state college, and junior college athletics throughout the United States. Currently, the NJCAA holds 24 separate regions across 24 states, and it is divided into three divisions.
Daniele Sommariva
Daniele Sommariva (born 18 July 1997) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Serie A club Genoa.

Coming through Genoa's youth sector, Sommariva started his senior career in 2016 at Nocerina in the Serie D, winning the honorific play-offs. In 2017 he moved to Bustese, before joining Monza in the Serie C, whom he helped gain promotion to the Serie B for the first time in 19 years. Sommariva joined Pescara in 2022.

2019–20 Serie C
The 2019–20 Serie C was the 61st season of the Serie C, the third tier of the Italian football league system, organized by the Lega Pro. The season was scheduled to run from 24 August 2019 to 26 April 2020, however, on 9 March 2020, the Italian government halted the league until 3 April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Serie C did not resume play on this date. On 18 May, it was announced that Italian football would be suspended until 14 June.

On 8 June, the Italian Football Federation formally declared Monza, Vicenza, and Reggina as champions of their respective groups, thus awarding them promotion to Serie B, while also confirming the promotion and relegations playoff will take place as planned, based on the league standings by the time of the regular season suspension.
Room 8 Group
Room 8 Group is an international video game development company that provides co-development, art, trailers, and quality assurance (QA) services. The company has collaborated with major publishers such as Microsoft, Nintendo, Ubisoft, Sony, Gameloft, Take-Two Interactive, Electronic Arts, and others. Room 8 Group co-created projects for video game IPs and franchises including Call of Duty, Diablo, Assassin's Creed, Star Trek, The Walking Dead, Doctor Who, and more.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
Yin Hong
Yin Hong (Chinese: 尹弘; born June 1963) is a Chinese politician who is the current party secretary of Jiangxi. He served as the governor of Henan from December 2019 to March 2021. Previously he had spent his entire political career in Shanghai.

Governor of Henan
The governor of Henan, officially the Governor of the Henan Provincial People's Government, is the head of Henan Province and leader of  the Henan Provincial People's Government.

The governor is elected by the Henan Provincial People's Congress, and responsible to it and its Standing Committee. The governor is a provincial level official and is responsible for the overall decision-making of the provincial government. The governor is assisted by an executive vice governor as well as several vice governors. The governor generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and as a member of the CCP Central Committee. The governor is the second highest-ranking official in the province after the secretary of the CCP Henan Committee. The current governor is Wang Kai, who took office on 2 April 2021.
Qom River
The Qom River or Qom Roud (Persian: رودخانه قم‌رود), originally Golshan River (گلشن رود ”Flowering River”), is a large river in Iran that receives its water from the Zagros Mountains and mounds into the Namak Lake. The Qom River flows through the city of Qom, and together with the Qareh Su it gains a length of approximately 400 km (250 mi). The water level fluctuates greatly, between 312 m³/s and only 4 m³/s. This is partially the effect of the use of the Qom water for irrigation.

In 2014, the World Resources Institute ranked the Qom basin as "extremely high" for water stress.

Namak Lake
Namak Lake (Persian: دریاچه نمک, romanized: Daryâče-ye Namak, i.e., salt lake) is a salt lake in Iran on the Western edge of the Great Salt Desert (Dasht-e Kavir). It is located approximately 100 km (62 mi) east of the city of Qom and 60 km (37 mi) of Aran va bidgol at an elevation of 790 metres (2,590 ft) above sea level.

The lake has a surface area of about 1,800 km2 (690 sq mi), but most of this is dry.  Water only covers 1 km2 (0.4 sq mi). The lake only reaches a depth between 45 centimetres (17.72 in) to 1 metre (39.37 in).
Kind Words (video game)
Kind Words (lo fi chill beats to write to) is a 2019 casual video game developed by American indie developer Popcannibal, consisting of programmer and designer Ziba Scott and artist Luigi Guatieri. The game was first released as a Humble Bundle Original in July 2019, and was released on Steam in September 2019. In the game, the player can send and request letters to and from other players anonymously over the internet, while lo-fi music plays in the background.

A sequel, Kind Words 2 (lofi city pop), was released on 7 October 2024.

Casual game
A casual game is a video game targeted at a mass market audience, as opposed to a hardcore game, which is targeted at hobbyist gamers. Casual games may exhibit any type of gameplay and genre. They generally involve simpler rules, shorter sessions, and require less learned skill. They do not expect familiarity with a standard set of mechanics, controls, and tropes.

Countless casual games have been developed and published, alongside hardcore games, across the history of video games.  A concerted effort to capitalize on casual games grew in the 1990s and 2000s, as many developers and publishers branded themselves as casual game companies, publishing games especially for PCs, web browsers, and smartphones.
Schiedea trinervis
Schiedea trinervis is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is called three nerved alsinidendron and is endemic to island of Oʻahu in Hawaii. It is a subshrub, reaching a height of 30–80 cm (12–31 in).

Three-nerved alsinidendron inhabits mixed mesic and wet forests on the slopes of the Waiʻanae Range at elevations of 900–1,230 m (2,950–4,040 ft).  Associated plants include pilo (Coprosma spp.), ʻapeʻape (Gunnera petaloidea), ʻalani (Melicope spp.), hāpuʻu (Cibotium spp.), hame (Antidesma platyphyllum), and māmaki (Pipturus albidus). It is threatened by habitat loss.

Pipturus albidus
Pipturus albidus, known as māmaki (sometimes waimea, for its resemblance to olomea) in Hawaiian and known as Waimea pipturus in English, is a species of flowering plant in the nettle family, Urticaceae, that is endemic to Hawaiʻi. It inhabits coastal mesic, mixed mesic, and wet forests at elevations of 60–1,830 m (200–6,000 ft). Māmaki is a small tree that reaches a height of 9 m (30 ft) and a trunk diameter of 0.3 m (0.98 ft).
2019–20 Montenegrin Second League
The 2019–20 Montenegrin Second League was the 14th season since the establishment of the Montenegrin Second League. The season ran from August 2019 to July 2020. That was the second season with 10 participating teams.

Montenegrin First League
The Montenegrin First League (Montenegrin: Prva crnogorska fudbalska liga — Prva CFL — 1. CFL; pronounced [pr̂ːvaː t͡srnǒɡorskaː fûdbaːlskaː lǐːɡa]), referred to as the Meridianbet 1. CFL for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional football league in Montenegro. Founded in 2006, the competition is headed by the Football Association of Montenegro. 10 teams participate in this league. The winner of the Montenegrin First League enter the qualifications for the UEFA Champions League from the first round. The second and third placed teams and Montenegrin Cup winner play in the qualifying rounds of the UEFA Conference League. The last placed team is directly relegated to the Montenegrin Second League, and the two next lowest ranked teams play in Montenegrin First League playoffs.
Our Lady of Bethlehem (Puerto Rico)
Our Lady of Bethlehem (Spanish: La Virgen de Belén) is a Flemish-style oil painting of the Virgo Lactans, or Nursing Madonna, taken by the Dominican Order to Puerto Rico in the 16th-century, often attributed to either Rogier van der Weyden or one of his students. Various reproductions and posterior reinterpretations of the painting exist, such as the one made by José Campeche in the late 18th century, but the original copy is now lost.

Our Lady of La Leche
Our Lady of La Leche (Spanish: Nuestra Señora de La Leche y Buen Parto; "Our Lady of the Milk and Good Delivery") is a Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mary associated with a statue of her breastfeeding the infant Jesus Christ. It is said to be one of the oldest of all Marian devotions.

Dating back to the Early Church, the image was later widely venerated by Spanish Catholics in the early modern era, some of whom brought the image and devotion to the New World and what would become the United States.
Type 3 81 mm mortar
The Type 3 81 mm mortar is a smooth bore, muzzle-loading 81 mm (3.19 in) infantry weapon used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.  The Type 3 designation was given to this gun as it was accepted in the 3rd year of Emperor Taishō's reign (1914).

Time bomb
A time bomb (or a timebomb, time-bomb) is a bomb whose detonation is triggered by a timer. The use or attempted use of time bombs has been for various purposes including insurance fraud, terrorism, assassination, sabotage and warfare. They are a frequent plot device in thriller and action films as they offer a way of imparting a dramatic sense of urgency.
Rosenfeld (electoral district)
Rosenfeld or Rosenfeldt is a former provincial electoral district in Manitoba, Canada. It was located in Rosenfeld. The district was first appeared in the 1888 election and lasted until 1903 when the riding was re-distributed into Rhineland.

Rhineland (electoral district)
Rhineland is a former provincial electoral district of Manitoba, Canada. It was created by redistribution in 1892, and eliminated in 1914, when it merged into the new riding of Morden and Rhineland. It was re-established in 1949, and eliminated again in 1989. As its name implies, Rhineland was home to several German settlers, many of whom were Mennonites. It is named after the Rhineland region of Germany.

Jacob Froese, the last Social Credit MLA in Manitoba history, represented this riding from 1959 until 1973.

Rhineland's territory was integrated into the riding of Emerson in 1989.
1953 Pau Grand Prix
The 1953 Pau Grand Prix was a Formula Two motor race held on 6 April 1953 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Alberto Ascari for the second year running, driving the Ferrari 500. Mike Hawthorn finished second and Harry Schell third.

Pau Grand Prix
The Pau Grand Prix (French: Grand Prix de Pau) is a motor race held in Pau, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of southwestern France. The French Grand Prix was held at Pau in 1930, leading to the annual Pau Grand Prix being inaugurated in 1933. It was not run during World War II and in 2020–2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The race takes place around the centre of the city, where public roads are closed to form a street circuit, and over the years the event has variously conformed to the rules of Grand Prix racing, Formula One, Formula Two, Formula 3000, Formula Three, Formula Libre, sports car racing, and touring car racing.

In 2021, Autocar included the Pau Grand Prix in its list of "The 10 best street circuits in the world".