hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
İskilip
İskilip is a district of Çorum Province, Turkey, on the left bank of the River Kızılırmak, located at 56 km from the city of Çorum, 100 miles (160 km) northeast of Ankara and 60 miles (100 km) southeast of Kastamonu. It is the seat of İskilip District. Its population is 17,612 (2022). The mayor is Ali Sülük.

Çorum
Çorum (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈtʃoɾum]) is a northern Anatolian city in Turkey. Çorum is located inland in the central Black Sea Region of Turkey and is approximately 244 km (152 mi) from Ankara and 608 km (378 mi) from Istanbul. It is the seat of Çorum Province and of Çorum District. Its population is 269,595 (2022). The city has an elevation of 801 m (2,628 ft) above sea level.

Çorum is primarily known for its Phrygian and Hittite archaeological sites, its thermal springs, and its native roasted chickpea snacks known nationally as leblebi.
Zenrin-kushū
Zenrin-kushū (禪林句集, meaning "Anthology of Passages from the Forests of Zen") is a collection of writings used in the Rinzai school of Zen. Initially it was a compilation of Zen writings by Tōyō Eichō (東陽榮朝, 1428–1504) a disciple of Kanzan Egen of the Myōshin-ji line of Rinzai school in Kyoto, Japan. Tōyō's anthology consisted of 5,000 writings compiled from writings of various traditions, such as Confucianism, Taoism and Zen, and the poetry of Tang and Song China.

Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (Japanese: 臨済宗, romanized: Rinzai-shū, simplified Chinese: 临济宗; traditional Chinese: 臨濟宗; pinyin: Línjì zōng), named after Linji Yixuan (Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism, along with Sōtō and Ōbaku. The Chinese Linji school of Chan Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan by Myōan Eisai (1141–1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the Ōtōkan lineage transmitted through Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
Baharat
Bahārāt (Arabic: بَهَارَات 'spices') is a spice mixture or blend used in Middle Eastern cuisines. The mixture of finely ground spices is often used to season lamb and mutton, fish, chicken, beef, and soups, and may also be used as a condiment.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
Nassi–Shneiderman diagram
A Nassi–Shneiderman diagram (NSD) in computer programming is a graphical design representation for structured programming. This type of diagram was developed in 1972 by Isaac Nassi and Ben Shneiderman who were both graduate students at Stony Brook University. These diagrams are also called structograms, as they show a program's structures.

Diagram
A diagram is a symbolic representation of information using visualization techniques. Diagrams have been used since prehistoric times on walls of caves, but became more prevalent during the Enlightenment. Sometimes, the technique uses a three-dimensional visualization technique which then become projected onto a two-dimensional surface.
Eye of the Beholder (The Twilight Zone, 2002)
"Eye of the Beholder" is the 39th episode of the sci-fi anthology television series The Twilight Zone. The episode aired on April 30, 2003 on UPN. It is a remake of the episode from the original Twilight Zone written by Rod Serling about a woman with bandages covering her face hoping that a last-chance surgery will allow her to fit in with society, lest she be sent to a community of people with her 'deformity'.

Eye of the Beholder (The Twilight Zone, 1959)
"Eye of the Beholder" (also titled "The Private World of Darkness" when initially rebroadcast in the summer of 1962) is episode 42 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. It originally aired on November 11, 1960, on CBS.
Drosera cuneifolia
Drosera cuneifolia is a small rosette-forming species of perennial sundew native to the Cape in South Africa. It was first described in 1781.

Drosera cuneifolia produces green somewhat broad carnivorous leaves, up to 7 cm (2.8 in) long. D. cuneifolia can become up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in height without the inflorescence and 15 cm (5.9 in) wide.

In early winter, D. cuneifolia produces multiple (up to 20), small, pink to reddish-purple flowers at the end of scapes which can be up to 15 cm (5.9 in) tall. Flowers individually open in the morning and close by mid afternoon, lasting just one day. The flowers can self-pollinate upon closing. The seeds are very small, black, spindle-shaped, and are released from the capsules that form when the flower has died.

During summer in South Africa, D. cuneifolia oversummers. It is found only near the Table mountain complex in South Africa.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
1986 World University Cycling Championship
The 1986 World University Cycling Championship was the 2nd Word University Cycling Championship sponsored by the International University Sports Federation (FISU), and sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). The championship was hosted by the Russian capital city of Moscow. Cycling athletes from universities all over the world competed in their disciplines to become World University Cycling Champion.

World University Cycling Championship
The World University Cycling Championship is a competition sponsored by the International University Sports Federation (FISU) and sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), which was first held in 1978 in Antwerp, Belgium. Before 1978 there were also World University Championships, but these were not sponsored by the International University Sports Federation. The latest edition was held in San Carlos, Costa Rica during 2024. The championship last five days and could contain events in five cycling sports: road cycling (road race and time trial), track cycling, mountainbike (cross-country and marathon), BMX and Cyclo-Cross.
Hycleus phaleratus
Hycleus phaleratus, is a species of blister beetle found in China, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. It is sometimes considered a problem in agricultural cultivation but has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The species was formerly placed in the genus Mylabris.

Blister beetle
Blister beetles are beetles of the family Meloidae, so called for their defensive secretion of a blistering agent, cantharidin. About 2,500 species are known worldwide. Many are conspicuous and some are aposematically colored, announcing their toxicity to would-be predators.
Albina Guarnieri
Albina Guarnieri PC (born June 23, 1953) is a former Canadian politician. She was a Liberal member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2011 who represented the Greater Toronto Area ridings of Mississauga East and Mississauga East—Cooksville. She served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Paul Martin as Minister of Veterans Affairs.

Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)
The minister of veterans affairs (French: ministre des anciens combattants) is a member of the Cabinet of Canada and the minister of the Crown responsible for Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC). Since 2015, the minister has concurrently been appointed the associate minister of national defence.

VAC is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for administering benefits for members and veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and their family members and caregivers.
Empty lattice approximation
The empty lattice approximation is a theoretical electronic band structure model in which the potential is periodic and weak (close to constant). One may also consider an empty irregular lattice, in which the potential is not even periodic. The empty lattice approximation describes a number of properties of energy dispersion relations of non-interacting free electrons that move through a crystal lattice. The energy of the electrons in the "empty lattice" is the same as the energy of free electrons. The model is useful because it clearly illustrates a number of the sometimes very complex features of energy dispersion relations in solids which are fundamental to all electronic band structures.

Density of states
In condensed matter physics, the density of states (DOS) of a system describes the number of allowed modes or states per unit energy range. The density of states is defined as , where  is the number of states in the system of volume  whose energies lie in the range from  to . It is mathematically represented as a distribution by a probability density function, and it is generally an average over the space and time domains of the various states occupied by the system. The density of states is directly related to the dispersion relations of the properties of the system. High DOS at a specific energy level means that many states are available for occupation.

Generally, the density of states of matter is continuous. In isolated systems however, such as atoms or molecules in the gas phase, the density distribution is discrete, like a spectral density. Local variations, most often due to distortions of the original system, are often referred to as local densities of states (LDOSs).
Town Center, Columbia, Maryland
Town Center is one of the ten villages in Columbia, Maryland, United States, first occupied in 1974. The Town Center is a non-contiguous, diverse area, and the most urban-like, ranging from multi-level high density apartments, homes and office buildings to single family homes.

The six residential neighborhoods in the village include Amesbury Hill, Banneker, Creighton's Run, Lakefront, Vantage Point, and Warfield Triangle.

The Rouse Company
The Rouse Company was a publicly traded shopping mall and community developer from 1954 until 2004, when General Growth Properties (GGP) purchased the company. It was founded by Hunter Moss and James Rouse in 1939.
11th millennium BC
The 11th millennium BC spanned the years 11,000 BC to 10,001 BC (c. 13 ka to c. 12 ka or 12,950 BP to 11,951 BP). This millennium is during the ending phase of the Upper Paleolithic or Epipaleolithic period. It is impossible to date events that happened during this millennium, and all dates associated with this millennium are estimates based on geological analysis, anthropological analysis, and radiometric dating.

Çayönü
Çayönü  Tepesi is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic B settlement in southeastern Turkey which prospered from circa 8,630 to 6,800 BC. It is located in Diyarbakır Province forty kilometres north-west of Diyarbakır, one hundred and forty kilometres north-east of Şanlıurfa, at the foot of the Taurus mountains. It lies near the Boğazçay, a tributary of the upper Tigris River and the Bestakot, an intermittent stream. It is an early example of agriculture.

Çayönü Tepesi belongs to the "Taş Tepeler" monumental tradition of Göbekli Tepe, a style found in all the Pre-Pottery Neolithic sites of the Urfa region. There are some variations though, such as using decorated stelae, but without the characteristic T-shape of Göbekli Tepe.
Morje, Rače-Fram
Morje (pronounced [ˈmoːɾjɛ]; German: Mauerbach) is a settlement in the Municipality of Rače–Fram in northeastern Slovenia. It lies on the eastern edge of the Pohorje Hills south of Fram. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Fram, Rače–Fram
Fram (pronounced [ˈfɾaːm]) is a village in the Municipality of Rače–Fram in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the eastern foothills of the Pohorje range south of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Sterkstroom Provincial Hospital
Sterkstroom Provincial Hospital is a Provincial government funded hospital for the Inkwanca Local Municipality area in Sterkstroom, Eastern Cape in South Africa.

The hospital departments include Emergency department, Paediatric ward, Maternity ward, Out Patients Department, Surgical Services, Medical Services, Operating Theatre & CSSD Services, Pharmacy, Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS, Post Trauma Counseling Services, X-ray Services, Physiotherapy, NHLS Laboratory, Laundry Services, Kitchen Services and Mortuary.

Inkwanca Local Municipality
Inkwanca Local Municipality was a local municipality that forms part of the Chris Hani District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Inkwanca is an isiXhosa name meaning cold. The municipal area is the coldest area in the country and the lowest temperatures are recorded in the area every year. After municipal elections on 3 August 2016 it was merged into the larger Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality.
Sadaung, Natogyi Township
Sadaung is a small town in eastern Myingyan District in the center of the Mandalay Region in Burma (Mandalay).  It is located just south of Route 2, south-west of Pyinzi and  eastsouth-east of Natogyi.

Natogyi
Natogyi is a town and seat of Natogyi Township in the Mandalay Region of central Myanmar.

The People's Defense Force briefly took control of the town following clashes in August 2024, before being forced out.
Beyuz, Esmailiyeh
Beyuz (Persian: بيوض, also Romanized as Beyūẕ; also known as Beyūẕ-e Do) is a village in Esmailiyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 81, in 14 families.

Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District
Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان اسماعیلیه شمالی) is in Esmailiyeh District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Khobeyneh-ye Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Safheh-ye Yek.
No. 666 Squadron AAC
No. 666 Squadron AAC (V) is a former squadron of the British Army's Army Air Corps (AAC). It was previously No. 666 Squadron RAF, a unit of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War and afterwards became a Royal Auxiliary Air Force (RAuxAF) squadron between 1 May 1949 and 10 March 1957.

No. 666 Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force air observation post (AOP) squadron associated with the Canadian 1st Army and later part of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. Numbers 651 to 663 Squadron of the RAF were air observation post units working closely with British Army units in artillery spotting and liaison. A further three of these squadrons, 664–666, were manned with Canadian personnel. Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with the formation of the Army Air Corps on 1 September 1957

3 Regiment Army Air Corps
3 Regiment Army Air Corps (3 Regt AAC) is a regiment of the British Army and is under the command of the 1st Aviation Brigade Combat Team within Joint Aviation Command (JAC). The regiment operates the Boeing AH-64E Apache attack helicopter, and is based out of Wattisham Flying Station.
Edekiri languages
The Edekiri languages are spoken in a band across Togo, Benin and Nigeria. The group includes:

the Ede dialect cluster, including Ife;

Itsekiri (Nigeria, up to 1 million speakers);

the Yoruboid languages Ulukwumi and Mokole;

Yoruba, by far the largest of the cluster with about 55 million speakers.

Itsekiri language
The Itsekiri language is a major branch of the Yoruboid group of languages, which as a group, is a key member of the Volta–Niger sub-family of the Niger–Congo family of African languages. Itsekiri is spoken by nearly 1,000,000 people in Nigeria as a first language and by many others as an additional language notably in the Niger Delta and in parts of Edo and Ondo states of Nigeria. The other key members of the Yoruboid group are Yoruba (55 million) and  Igala  (1.8 million) along with the various Yoruba dialects spoken in Benin and Togo.
Choi Doo-ho
Choi Doo-ho (Korean: 최두호; born April 10, 1991), often anglicized as Doo Ho Choi or Dooho Choi, also known as The Korean Superboy, is a South Korean professional mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
1842 New Hampshire gubernatorial election
The 1842 New Hampshire gubernatorial election was held on March 8, 1842.

Incumbent Democratic Governor John Page did not stand for re-election.

Democratic nominee Henry Hubbard defeated Whig nominee Enos Stevens, Independent Democrat nominee John H. White, and Liberty nominee Daniel Hoit with 55.78% of the vote.

1841 New Hampshire gubernatorial election
The 1841 New Hampshire gubernatorial election was held on March 9, 1841.

Incumbent Democratic Governor John Page defeated Whig nominee Enos Stevens with 56.33% of the vote in a re-match of the previous year's election.
Isaac I of Uvea
Isaake was a king of Uvea, ruling in rebellion for one day in 1895.  His father, Pooi, was a cousin of Soane-Patita Vaimua Lavelua. Following the death of Amelia Tokagahahau Aliki the fono elected Vito Lavelua II by six votes out of seven, but Isaake refused to accept the decision and gathered a group of armed followers. The next day, following a brief standoff, Vito declared that he had no desire to reign, after which Isaake ordered his men to lay down their arms and gifted his land and the kingship to Vito.

Vito Lavelua II
Vito Lavelua II was a king of Uvea, ruling from 1895 until 1904. He succeeded Queen Amelia Tokagahahau Aliki after her death (the succession causing a political crisis, before his appointment was finalized). He was succeeded by Lusiano Aisake.
Elsey, Missouri
Elsey is an unincorporated community in Stone County, Missouri, United States. It is located at the intersection of State Routes 173 and 413 and is halfway between Galena and Crane. The community is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.

A post office called Elsey was established in 1900, and remained in operation until 1957. "Elsey" was a name assigned by postal officials.

Branson micropolitan area
The Branson Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area in southwestern Missouri, anchored by the city of Branson, that is coterminous with Taney County. For the 2000 and 2010 censuses, the area was defined to also include Stone County, but the county was removed in the OMB statistical definitions released in 2023.

As of the 2020 census it had a population of 56,066.
Chiropsella bronzie
Chiropsella bronzie is a species of box jellyfish.  It is considered much less of a threat to humans than some of its relatives. The species was described in 2006, and is one of four species in the genus Chiropsella. Chiropsella bronzie can be found in shallow waters off the coast of Queensland, Australia.

Box jellyfish
Box jellyfish (class Cubozoa) are cnidarian invertebrates distinguished by their box-like (i.e., cube-shaped) body. Some species of box jellyfish produce potent venom delivered by contact with their tentacles. Stings from some species, including Chironex fleckeri, Carukia barnesi, Malo kingi, and a few others, are extremely painful and often fatal to humans. Some species like the Carybdea murrayana produce a painful sting but are not fatal to humans.
Epirmupi
Epirmupi (𒂊𒉆𒈬𒉈 E-pir-mu-pil, previously read E-nam-mu-de; died c. 2154 BC) was a ruler of Elam around 2199–2154 BC. His name is purely Akkadian, and he was in charge of Elam at the time of Rimush and Manishtushu, or early in the reign of Naram-Sin and probably their dependent and vassal. His title of "Military Governor" (Shakkanakku in Akkadian, GIR.NITA in Sumerian) suggests that he was a dependent of the Akkadian kings, rather than an independent ruler. He also held the title of Ensi of Susa".

His successor was probably Ili-ishmani. After Ili-ishmani, and the weakening of the Akkadian Empire, rule in Elam reverted to local rulers of the Awan Dynasty.

Manishtushu
Manishtushu (Man-ištušu) (𒈠𒀭𒅖𒌅𒋢, Ma-an-ish-tu-su; died c. 2255 BC) was the third king of the Akkadian Empire, reigning 15 years c. 2270 BC until his death c. 2255 BC. His name means "Who is with him?". He was the son of Sargon the Great, the founder of the Akkadian Empire, and he was succeeded by his son, Naram-Sin who also deified him posthumously. A cylinder seal, of unknown provenance, clearly from the reign of Naram-Sin or later, refers to the deified Manishtushu i.e. "(For) the divine Man-istusu: Taribu, the wife of Lugal-ezen, had (this seal) fashioned". Texts from the later Ur III period show offerings to the deified Manishtushu (spelled ᵈMa-iš-ti₂-su or ᵈMa-an-iš-ti₂-su). The same texts mention a town of ᵈMa-an-iš-ti₂-su where there was a temple of Manishtushu. This temple was known in the Sargonic period as  Ma-an-iš-t[i-s]uki.
St. Croix 34
St. Croix 34 is a Mi'kmaq reserve located in Hants County, Nova Scotia.

It is administratively part of the Annapolis Valley First Nation.

44°54′2″N 64°4′5″W﻿ / ﻿44.90056°N 64.06806°W﻿ / 44.90056; -64.06806

Annapolis Valley First Nation
Annapolis Valley First Nation is composed of two Mi'kmaq First Nation reserves located in southwestern Nova Scotia. As of 2023, the Mi'kmaq population is 121 on-Reserve, and approximately 200 off-Reserve for a total population of 321. The community has a gas bar, tobacco shop, gaming centre, health centre, and a chapel. It is the smallest First Nation community in Nova Scotia in terms of population.

In 1984 Glooscap First Nation separated from Annapolis Valley First Nation and became its own community.
The Holocaust in the Kamyenyets district
The Holocaust in the Kamyenyets District is the systematic persecution and extermination of Jews in the Kamyenyets District of the Brest Region by the occupying authorities of Nazi Germany and collaborators from 1941 to 1944 during World War II, as part of the policy of the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question" — an integral part of the Holocaust in Belarus and the Catastrophe of European Jewry.

The Holocaust in Belarus
The Holocaust saw the systematic extermination of Jews living in Byelorussia during its occupation by Nazi Germany in World War II. Before the construction of the Extermination Camps in Poland, the Holocaust was to be carried out in Belarus and the Baltic states using large gassing installations and transport by boats on the waterways rather than by trains. Although the Extermination Camps were eventually established in occupied Poland, roughly 800,000 Belarusian Jews (or about 90% of the Jewish population of Belarus) were murdered according to one estimate. Other estimates place the number of Jews killed between 500,000 and 550,000 (about 80% of the Belarusian Jewish population).