hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Lieberman
Paul M. Lieberman is an American biomedical researcher and chairperson of the Gene Expression and Regulation Program at the Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. He is also the Hilary Koprowski, M.D., endowed professor, the McNeil professor of Molecular Medicine and Translational Research, and the founding director for the Center for Chemical Biology and Translational Medicine at The Wistar Institute. Lieberman's research focuses on how viruses cause cancer and autoimmune disease, particularly the Epstein–Barr virus.

Hilary Koprowski
Hilary Koprowski (5 December 1916 – 11 April 2013) was a Polish virologist and immunologist active in the United States who demonstrated the world's first effective live polio vaccine. He authored or co-authored over 875 scientific papers and co-edited several scientific journals.

Koprowski received many academic honors and national decorations, including the Belgian Order of the Lion, the French Order of Merit and Legion of Honour, Finland's Order of the Lion, and the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.

Koprowski was the target of accusations in the press related to the "oral polio vaccine AIDS hypothesis", which posited that the AIDS pandemic originated from live polio vaccines developed by Koprowski in the Belgian Congo. This hypothesis was challenged on numerous grounds, and scientists largely rejected it.
Gratangen (fjord)
Gratangen (Northern Sami) or Rivtták (Northern Sami) is a fjord in Gratangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The 23-kilometre (14 mi) long fjord is an arm off of the main Astafjorden. The municipality of Gratangen surrounds the fjord and is named after the fjord. The fjord is about 1 to 2 kilometres (0.62 to 1.24 mi) wide, except for a very narrow 350-metre (1,150 ft) wide point in the middle of the fjord where the village of Årstein is located. At that point, the Årstein Bridge on Norwegian County Road 825 crosses the fjord.

The villages of Fjordbotn and Elvenes are located at the innermost part of the fjord. Årstein, Åkeneset, and Foldvik are located along the central part of the fjord. Myrlandshaugen and Hilleshamn are located at the mouth of the fjord. The European route E06 highway passes about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) southeast of Fjordbotn and Elvenes.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Cross-country skiing at the 1932 Winter Olympics – Men's 18 kilometre
The shorter cross-country skiing event of the cross-country skiing at the 1932 Winter Olympics programme was contested of a distance of 19.7 kilometres. It was the third appearance of the event, but the only time this race was held over a distance of 19.7 kilometres. The competition was held on Wednesday, 10 February 1932. Forty-two cross-country skiers from eleven nations competed.

Cross-country skiing at the 1932 Winter Olympics
At the 1932 Winter Olympics, two cross-country skiing events were contested. The 18 km competition was held on Wednesday, 10 February 1932, while the 50 km event was held on Saturday, 13 February 1932.
Sport in Birmingham
Sport has always been important in Birmingham, England, from the hundreds of diverse grass-roots sports clubs to internationally famous teams, associations and venues.

The city was the first city to have been awarded the title National City of Sport by the Sports Council.

Edgbaston
Edgbaston (/ˈɛdʒbəstən/) is a suburb of Birmingham, West Midlands, England. It lies immediately south-west of Birmingham city centre, and was historically in Warwickshire. The wards of Edgbaston and North Edgbaston had a combined population of 42,295 at the 2021 census.

Edgbaston is the location of Edgbaston Cricket Ground, the University of Birmingham, Birmingham Botanical Gardens, the Midlands Arts Centre and the Edgbaston Archery and Lawn Tennis Society, the oldest lawn tennis club in the world.
Fairmount Township, Pennsylvania
Fairmount Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,207 at the 2020 census. Fairmount Township is home to Ricketts Glen State Park. The park receives tens of thousands of visitors each year.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Charlotte Schlesinger
Charlotte Schlesinger (1909–1976) was a German pianist and composer.

She was a student of Franz Schreker at the Berlin Hochschule für Musik from 1925 to 1930. In 1935 she left the Vienna Conservatory to teach at the Ukrainian S.S.S.R. Conservatory.

Schlesinger migrated to America as a refugee in 1938. She taught piano at Black Mountain College from fall 1946 through spring 1949, when she resigned along with several other faculty, including Theodore Dreier, Josef Albers, Anni Albers, and Trude Guermonprez.

She went on to teach for many years at the Wilson School of Music in Yakima, Washington.

Trude Guermonprez
Trude Guermonprez (born Gertrud Emilie Jalowetz; 1910 –1976), was a German and American textile artist, designer and educator, known for her tapestry landscapes. Her Bauhaus-influenced disciplined abstraction for hand woven textiles greatly contributed to the American craft and fiber art movements of the 1950s–1970s, particularly during her tenure at the California College of Arts and Crafts.
Reproductive health care for incarcerated women in the United States
In the United States, prisons are obligated to provide health care to prisoners. Such health care is sometimes called correctional medicine. In women's prisons, correctional medicine includes attention to reproductive health.

The number of women incarcerated in the United States has increased greatly over the last few decades, and at a faster rate than the number of incarcerated men. Many of the same factors that increase women's likelihood of incarceration also put them at a higher risk for contracting HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, and for having high-risk pregnancies. The majority of incarcerated women are economically disadvantaged and poorly educated, and have not had adequate access to preventive healthcare prior to their imprisonment, such as Pap tests, STI screening, and pregnancy counseling.

Prison officer
A prison officer (PO) or corrections officer (CO), also known as a correctional law enforcement officer or less formally as a prison guard, is a uniformed law enforcement official responsible for the custody, supervision, safety, and regulation of prisoners.
Centipede (1998 video game)
Centipede is a 1998 shoot 'em up video game developed by Leaping Lizard Software and a remake of Atari's 1981 arcade game of the same name. It was published by Hasbro Interactive, their first under the Atari label after purchasing the brand and former assets.

Gameplay consists of a series of rounds that are completed once the player eliminates the centipede(s) that wind down the playing field. Obstacles such as spiders, fleas, and scorpions complicate the game. At the same time, a population of mushrooms grows between the player and each centipede. Optionally, the player is tasked with rescuing villagers and bystanders and preventing damage to key structures; although ignoring these tasks does not prevent the player from being able to complete the round regardless.

Video game remake
A video game remake is a video game closely adapted from an earlier title, usually for the purpose of modernizing a game with updated graphics for newer hardware and gameplay for contemporary audiences. Typically, a remake of such game software shares essentially the same title, fundamental gameplay concepts, and core story elements of the original game, although some aspects of the original game may have been changed for the remake.

Remakes are often made by the original developer or copyright holder, and sometimes by the fan community. If created by the community, video game remakes are sometimes also called fangames and can be seen as part of the retro gaming phenomenon.
Kartuzy
Kartuzy (Polish: [karˈtuzɨ] ⓘ; Kashubian: Kartuzë, Kartëzë or Kartuzé; former German: Karthaus) is a town in northern Poland, located in the historic Eastern Pomerania (Pomerelia) region. It is the capital of Kartuzy County in Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Lębork
Lębork (Polish pronunciation: [ˈlɛmbɔrk] ⓘ; Kashubian: Lãbòrg; German: Lauenburg in Pommern) is a town on the Łeba and Okalica rivers in the Gdańsk Pomerania region in northern Poland. It is the capital of Lębork County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Its population is 33,865.
Paineville, Virginia
Paineville is a rural unincorporated community in western Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is located in Leigh District around the intersections of SR 616 (S. Genito Road) with SR 644 (Fowlkes Bridge Road / Rocky Ford Road). Paineville straddles the border of ZIP codes 23002 (Amelia Court House) and 23083 (Jetersville). The community has its own fire station, Amelia County Volunteer Fire Department Company 5. A portion of the segment of U.S. Bicycle Route 1 that runs southwest from Richmond follows SR 616 through Paineville.

Jetersville, Virginia
Jetersville is a mostly rural unincorporated community in southwestern Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia, just off  US 360 (Patrick Henry Highway). The town is centered around the intersection of SR 671 (Jetersville Road, a short loop segment of old US 360) and SR 640 (Perkinson Road). The Norfolk Southern Railway runs along the main roads.
Burlington County Special Services School District
The Burlington County Special Services School District is a special education public school district headquartered in Westampton, in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, whose schools offer educational and therapeutic services for students of elementary and high school age from across the county who have emotional of physical disabilities that cannot be addressed by their sending districts.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 455 students and 101.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 4.5:1.

Board of County Commissioners (New Jersey)
In New Jersey, a Board of County Commissioners (until 2020 named the Board of Chosen Freeholders) is the elected county-wide government board in each of the state's 21 counties. In the five counties that have an elected county executive, the board of county commissioners serves as the county legislature. In the remaining counties, the board of county commissioners exercises both executive and legislative functions, often with an appointed county administrator or manager overseeing the day-to-day operations of county government.

As of 2025, 18 of the 21 county commissions are held exclusively by one party; Atlantic, Gloucester, and Cumberland counties are the only ones with both parties represented. Since 2000, 12 counties have only elected members from a single party; Camden, Essex, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex, and Union counties have chosen only Democrats, and Cape May, Hunterdon, Morris, Ocean, Sussex, and Warren counties have chosen only Republicans.
Kyle Hamilton
Kyle Devin Hamilton (born March 16, 2001) is an  American professional football safety for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, earning consensus All-American honors in 2021 before being selected by the Ravens in the first round of the 2022 NFL draft.

PFWA NFL All-Rookie Team
Following each National Football League (NFL) season, the Pro Football Writers of America (PFWA) compiles an honorary All-Rookie Team to recognize that season's most outstanding rookies at each position as adjudged by sportswriters of the PFWA. Teams have been selected every year since 1974.
Noah Majestic 2022
NOAH Majestic 2022 was a two-night professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah. It took place on April 29 and 30, 2022, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Ryogoku Kokugikan. The event aired on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe.

Abema
Abema (アベマ; often stylized as all caps) is a Japanese streaming service that launched on April 11, 2016, under the name AbemaTV. It is majority-owned by CyberAgent, with a 55.2% stake, and TV Asahi, with a 36.8% stake, while the remaining ownership belongs to various other companies, mostly in the media and entertainment industry.

Abema primarily functions as an online television network, featuring multiple FAST channels that offer news, sports, entertainment programming, with the option to become a premium member to view past programs on demand.
152 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892
The 152mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I.  Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life on river gunboats of the Soviet Navy during the Russian Civil War and as coastal artillery and railway artillery during World War II. In 1941 it was estimated that there were 196 guns (82 in the Baltic, 70 in the Pacific, 37 in the Black sea and 7 in the Northern fleet) still in use as coastal artillery.  After independence in 1917 Finland was estimated to have inherited 100 guns and some remained in use until the 1980s. The last was decommissioned in 2003.

Obukhov State Plant
Obukhov State Plant (also known Obukhovski Plant, Russian: Государственный Обуховский Завод, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy Obukhovskiy Zavod)  is a major Russian metallurgy and heavy machine-building plant in St. Petersburg, Russia.
Anita Utseth
Anita Utseth (born 26 August 1966) is a Norwegian engineer and politician for the Centre Party.

She graduated from Møre og Romsdal College of Engineering in 1987 and as a siv.ing. from the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1991. She was a chief engineer in the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate from 1992 to 2000 and an adviser in the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management from 2000 to 2003. From 2004 to 2005 she was the HMS director of the company Pertra.

She was a central board member of the Centre Youth from 1992 to 1993, having formerly chaired the district branch in Sør-Trøndelag from 1987 to 1990. She was a member of Sør-Trøndelag county council from 1991 to 1992, and was elected to Trondheim city council in 2003. In 2005, when Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet assumed office, she was appointed as a State Secretary in the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. She resigned in 2007.

State Secretary (Norway)
In Norway, a state secretary (Norwegian: statssekretær) is a partisan political position within the executive branch of government. Contrary to the position secretary of state in many other countries, a Norwegian state secretary does not head the ministry, rather, they are second in rank to a minister. Resembling a de facto vice minister, the state secretary, however, cannot attend a Council of State, and does not act as a temporary minister in case of illness or other leave of absence.
2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 12 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Tyler Clary of the United States.

2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 23 at the Gold Coast Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was Ryan Lochte of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.
Manfredonia
Manfredonia (Italian: [maɱfreˈdɔːnja]) is a town and commune of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Foggia, from which it is 35 kilometres (22 miles) northeast by rail. Manfredonia is situated on the coast, facing east, to the south of Monte Gargano, and gives its name to the gulf to the east of it. As of 2017 its population was 56,932.

Foggia
Foggia (UK: /ˈfɒdʒə/, US: /ˈfoʊdʒə/; Italian: [ˈfɔddʒa] ⓘ; Foggiano: Fògge [ˈfɔddʒə]) is a city and comune (municipality) of Apulia, in Southern Italy, capital of the province of Foggia. In 2013, its population was 153,143. Foggia is the main city of a plain called Tavoliere, also known as the "granary of Italy".
Maurice Day (Dean of Waterford)
Maurice William Day (23 April 1858 – 29 August 1916) was an Irish Anglican priest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

He was the son of a clergyman (His father was Bishop of Cashel, Emly, Waterford and Lismore from 1872 until 1899); and was educated  at Repton School and Trinity College, Dublin.  Ordained in 1882,  after  curacies  at Queenstown  and Waterford he held  incumbencies at  Newport, County Tipperary  and then Kilbrogan, County Cork. In 1887 he married Katherine Louisa Frances Garfitt: they had one daughter and four sons, two of which were killed in the First World War, Lieut Maurice Charles Day(1891-1914) in East Africa and Capt. John Edward Day (1894 - 1917) in Flanders. 1900 he became Chaplain to the Bishop of Cashel and Waterford. From 1908 to 1913 he was Dean of Cashel; and, from 1913 to 1916, Dean of Waterford. On 29 August 1916 he died, aged 58, in Courtmacsherry, County Cork.

Repton School
Repton School is a 13–18 co-educational, private, boarding and day school in the public school tradition, in Repton, Derbyshire, England.

Sir John Port of Etwall, on his death in 1557, left funds to create a grammar school which was then established at the Repton Priory. For its first 400 years, the school accepted only boys; girls were admitted from the 1970s, and the school was fully co-educational by the 1990s.

Notable alumni, also known as "Old Reptonians", include C. B. Fry, Harold Abrahams, Christopher Isherwood, Jeremy Clarkson, Andy Wilman, Roald Dahl, Adrian Newey and Archbishop Lord Ramsey of Canterbury.
Poulton's Match
The 37th Varsity Match, which took place on 11 December 1909, came to be known as Poulton's Match. The Varsity Match is a rugby match contested annually between Oxford University RFC and Cambridge University R.U.F.C. The match was played at Queen's Club in London. Oxford won by four goals and five tries to one try, with only fourteen men for most of the game. Ronnie Poulton scored a record five tries.

Edward Bagnall Poulton
Sir Edward Bagnall Poulton, FRS HFRSE FLS (27 January 1856 – 20 November 1943) was a British evolutionary biologist, a lifelong advocate of natural selection through a period in which many scientists such as Reginald Punnett doubted its importance. He invented the term sympatric for evolution of species in the same place, and in his book The Colours of Animals (1890) was the first to recognise frequency-dependent selection. He is remembered for his pioneering work on animal coloration and camouflage, and in particular for inventing the term aposematism for warning coloration. He became Hope Professor of Zoology at the University of Oxford in 1893.
Sala Vaimili Uili II
Sala Vaimili Uili II is a Samoan politician and former Cabinet Minister.

Vaimili was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Samoa in the 1991 Western Samoan general election. He served as Minister of Health from 1991 to 1996. He lost his seat at the 1996 election. He unsuccessfully ran for election again in 2001 and 2006. He ran as a candidate for the Tautua Samoa Party at the 2011 election.

In May 2016 he was banished from the village of Leauva’a alongside two election candidates after supporting an election petition against incumbent MP Sala Fata Pinati.

He contested the 2021 election as a candidate for the F.A.S.T. Party, but was not elected. In August 2022 he was appointed to the board of the Samoa Ports Authority.

Tautua Samoa Party
The Tautua Samoa Party (Samoan: Vaega Faʻaupufai le Tautua Sāmoa) was a political party in Samoa. The party's policies include economic development, particularly in the agricultural sector, public service reform, a limit on the number of Associate Ministers, and a reduction in the term of Parliament from 5 to 3 or 4 years. Its president was Afualo Wood Salele.

The party was deregistered on 7 March 2023 after failing to pay the annual registration fee.
Arctia matronula
Arctia matronula is species of tiger moth in the family Erebidae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It can be found in central and eastern Europe, Kazakhstan, southern Siberia, northern Mongolia, Amur Region, Primorye, Sakhalin, Kunashir, northern and northeastern China, Korea and Japan.

The larvae feed on Lonicera, Hieracium, Vaccinium, Fraxinus, Corylus, Quercus species and Prunus padus.

This species was moved to Arctia as a result of phylogenetic research published by Rönkä et al. in 2016.

Arctia
Arctia is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae. Therein, it belongs to the subtribe Arctiina in the tribe Arctiini in the subfamily Arctiinae. Species are well distributed throughout North America, Palearctic, India, and Sri Lanka.

As a result of phylogenetic studies by Rönkä et al. in 2016, the following genera were determined to be synonyms with Arctia, and their species were reclassified in this genus.
Raikes Farmhouse
Raikes Farmhouse is a historic building in Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire, England. Replacing a building dating from at least 1595, the current structure was built in 1692, with a rear extension added in the 19th century. It has been designated a Grade II listed building by Historic England. The property is located on Raikes Road, just southeast of its junction with Stanah Road and Hillylaid Road.

The property was renovated sometime between 2011 and 2019, a process that removed its pebbledashing.

In 2014, a planning application was made to demolish three barns and erect six dwellings on the property, but the application was later withdrawn.

An 1890 Lancashire and Yorkshire Victorian railway carriage body was acquired from the farm by Poulton & Wyre Railway Society in 2023.

Thornton-Cleveleys
Thornton-Cleveleys is a conurbation consisting of the village of Thornton and the town of Cleveleys. The two settlements formed a joint urban district from 1927 until 1974, before becoming part of Wyre.
Council of Islamic Ideology
Council of Islamic Ideology (CII; (Urdu: اِسلامی نظریاتی کونسل) is a constitutional body of Pakistan, responsible for giving legal advice on Islamic issues to the government and the Parliament.

This body was founded in 1962 under the government of Ayub Khan.

Marriage in Pakistan
Marriage in Pakistan (Urdu: پاکستانی شادی Pākistānī Śādī) pertains to wedding traditions established and adhered to by Pakistani men and women. Despite their local and regional variations, marriages in Pakistan generally follow Islamic marital jurisprudence. Marriages are not only seen as a union between a husband and a wife, but also an alliance between their respective families. These traditions extend to other countries around in the world where Overseas Pakistani communities exist.