hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 455
NGC 455 is a lenticular galaxy of type S? located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 27, 1864, by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, very small, almost stellar."

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Toner (skin care)
In cosmetics, skin toner or simply toner refers to a water-based lotion, tonic, or wash designed to cleanse the skin and prepare it for other skincare products, such as moisturizers and serums. Typically used on the face, toners remove any remaining impurities after cleansing, balance the skin’s pH, and hydrate the skin. They also serve to protect and refresh the skin, often containing ingredients that can soothe, moisturize, exfoliate, or target specific skin concerns like oil control or pore minimization. Toners are typically categorized by their function and intensity into types such as skin bracers, tonics, acid toners, and astringents..

Alpha hydroxycarboxylic acid
Alpha hydroxy carboxylic acids, or α-hydroxy carboxylic acids (AHAs), are a group of carboxylic acids featuring a hydroxy group located one carbon atom away from the acid group. This structural aspect distinguishes them from beta hydroxy acids, where the functional groups are separated by two carbon atoms. Notable AHAs include glycolic acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, and citric acid.

α-Hydroxy acids are stronger acids compared to their non-alpha hydroxy counterparts, a property enhanced by internal hydrogen bonding. AHAs serve a dual purpose: industrially, they are utilized as additives in animal feed and as precursors for polymer synthesis. In cosmetics, they are commonly used for their ability to chemically exfoliate the skin.
2018 Ontario Tankard
The 2018 Ontario Tankard, known as the Dairy Farmers of Ontario Tankard for sponsorship reasons was the 2018 provincial men's curling championship for Southern Ontario, was held from January 31 to February 4 at the Canada Summit Centre in Huntsville, Ontario. The winning John Epping team represented Ontario at the 2018 Tim Hortons Brier in Regina, Saskatchewan.

The event had a triple knockout format, rather than the traditional round robin event as done in previous years. The number of qualified teams increased from 10 to 12.

Ontario Tankard
The Ontario Tankard, officially the Ontario Men's Provincial Championships, is the Southern Ontario provincial championship for men's curling. The winner represents Team Ontario at the Montana's Brier. The tournament is overseen by Curling Ontario (formerly the Ontario Curling Association).

Northern Ontario has its own provincial championship, known as the Northern Ontario Men's Provincial Curling Championship.

This championship is not to be confused with the Silver Tankard, historically also known as the Ontario Tankard (and until 1937 a Brier qualifier).
Most Affected People and Areas
Most Affected People and Areas, also known by its acronym MAPA, is a term that represents groups and territories disproportionately affected by climate change, such as women, indigenous communities, racial minorities, LGBTQIA+ people, young, older and poorer people and the Global South. The term and concept is interconnected with intersectionality. Countries in Africa and Asia, including India, Sub-Saharan Africa, and coastal communities of Asia, identify as MAPA territories, in part due to the lasting impacts of colonialism. In particular, with the rise of grassroots movements that had the goal of climate justice - such as Fridays for Future, Ende Gelände or Extinction Rebellion - the connection of these groups in the context of climate justice became more important. The acronym MAPA is preferred by climate activists compared to terms like the Global South, as it better acknowledges the issue of climate justice.

Ende Gelände
Ende Gelände (EG) (German saying for "here and no further"; literally "end terrain" or "end of terrain") is a civil disobedience movement occupying coal mines in Germany to raise awareness for climate justice. Ende Gelände has been organizing mass civil disobedience actions against coal mines in Rhineland, Lusatia and Leipzig since 2015. Since 2017, it has participated in civil disobedience protests against coal mining and fracking in Poland, the Netherlands and the Czech Republic. It supports Venice's movement against big cruising ships. Annual protests in Germany have been attended by between 3000 and 7000 participants. It regularly supports anti-racist rallies in Germany and has hosted a range of smaller local protests since 2018.
Ireland Trophy (horse race)
The Ireland Trophy (Japanese アイルランドトロフィー) is a Grade 2 horse race for Thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three and over run in Japan October over a distance of 1,800 meters at Tokyo Racecourse.

Established in 2025, it will replace Fuchu Himba Stakes which will be moved to June to replace the now defunct Mermaid Stakes. The race will retain Fuchu Himba Stakes' Grade 2 status as well as acquiring rights to be a trial race for Queen Elizabeth II Cup.

Queen Elizabeth II Cup (Japan)
The Queen Elizabeth II Cup (Queen Elizabeth II Commemorative Cup until 2012) is an International Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old and above thoroughbred fillies and mares run over a distance of 2,200 metres (approximately 1 mile 3 furlongs) on the turf at Kyoto Racecourse in November.

Originally called the Victoria Cup, it was renamed the Queen Elizabeth II Cup in 1975 to commemorate the visit of Elizabeth II to Japan.
2021 Pacific League Climax Series
The 2021 Pacific League Climax Series (PLCS) was a set of two consecutive playoff series in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). The First Stage began on November 6 and the Final Stage concluded on November 12. The First Stage was a best-of-three series between the second-place Chiba Lotte Marines and the third-place Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles. The Final Series was a best-of-six with the Orix Buffaloes, the Pacific League champion, being awarded a one-win advantage against the Marines, the winner of the First Stage. The Buffaloes advanced to the 2021 Japan Series to compete against the Tokyo Yakult Swallows, the 2021 Central League Climax Series winner.

Games behind
In some North American sports, the phrase games behind or games back (often abbreviated GB) refers to a common way to reflect the gap between a leading team and another team in a sports league, conference, or division.
Electoral district of Bathurst
Bathurst is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is represented by Paul Toole of the  
Nationals.

Bathurst is a regional electorate that encompasses the entirety of the local government areas of Bathurst Region, the City of Lithgow, Blayney Shire, Oberon Shire plus the southern part of Mid-Western Regional Council (including Rylstone, Kandos and Ilford).

Bathurst Regional Council
Bathurst Regional Council is a local government area in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.  The area is located adjacent to the Great Western Highway, Mid-Western Highway, Mitchell Highway and the Main Western railway line. At the 2021 census, the Bathurst Region had a population of 43,567.

The administrative centre of the area is located in the city of Bathurst, approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Sydney.

The mayor of Bathurst is Cr. Robert 'Stumpy' Taylor, Deputy Mayor being Cr. Benjamin Fry, both unaligned politicians.
Chris Knox
Christopher Alexander Knox (born 2 September 1952) is a New Zealand musician, cartoonist and movie reviewer who emerged during the 1970s punk rock era with his bands the Enemy and Toy Love. After Toy Love disbanded in the early 1980s, Knox formed the duo Tall Dwarfs with guitarist, Alec Bathgate. The Tall Dwarfs delivered unpolished sound and intense live shows. His 4-track machine was used to record most of the Flying Nun label's early singles.

He has also released a number of solo, self-produced albums which feature his Casiotone, and an album under the pseudonym Friend.

Aotearoa Music Awards
The Aotearoa Music Awards (formerly the New Zealand Music Awards, and colloquially known as The Tūīs), conferred annually by Recorded Music NZ, honour outstanding artistic and technical achievements in the recording industry. The awards are among the most significant that a group or artist can receive in New Zealand music, and have been presented annually since 1965. The awards show is presented by Recorded Music NZ. A range of award sponsors and media partners support the event each year.
TOCA Race Driver 3
TOCA Race Driver 3, also known as DTM Race Driver 3 in Germany and Benelux and V8 Supercars Australia 3 in Australia and New Zealand is a racing video game developed and published by Codemasters for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, Xbox, PlayStation Portable and OS X. It is the sixth game in the TOCA series. The game features several fully licensed championships, including the DTM series and V8 Supercar championship. This is the last in the series to have TOCA in its title as following on from this TOCA was dropped in favour of just Race Driver, which later became the Grid series. Despite featuring the name TOCA in its title, the game did not feature the British Touring Car Championship. The game received positive reviews, frequently being compared favourably to Gran Turismo 4 and Forza Motorsport, in the aspects of cars on track, collision and wear damage.

TOCA (series)
TOCA (also known as Race Driver) is a racing video game series developed and published by Codemasters. The series originally focused specifically on touring car racing, but after World Touring Cars, the series expanded to cover a wide variety of motorsport. The TOCA series was eventually succeeded by the Grid series of games, with Race Driver: Grid released in 2008.
Rush Limbaugh Is a Big Fat Idiot and Other Observations
Rush Limbaugh Is a Big Fat Idiot and Other Observations (ISBN 0-385-31474-4) is a 1996 American book by Al Franken. It is satirically critical of 1990s right-wing political figures such as Pat Buchanan, Bob Dole, Phil Gramm, Newt Gingrich, and particularly radio host Rush Limbaugh. Franken often makes his points through humor, including the use of graphs with his handwriting superimposed over them.

The book ranked #1 on the New York Times Best Seller list, February 25, 1996. and sold nearly 1 million copies.

Franken has said that he chose to make the book's title an ad hominem attack as "an ironic comment on the fact that Rush makes ad hominem attacks all the time". Franken cited, for example, Limbaugh's attack on Chelsea Clinton, whom Limbaugh had described as "the White House dog". Franken said his motivation for writing the book was the rise of Newt Gingrich, who used Limbaugh as "his mouthpiece".

The audiobook version won the 1997 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Comedy Album.

Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album
The Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album is presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement in comedy." The award was awarded yearly from 1959 to 1993 and then from 2004 to present day.
Yana Ranra (Apurímac)
Yana Ranra (Quechua yana black, ranra stony; stony ground, "black stony ground", also spelled Yanaranra) is 5,002-metre-high (16,411 ft) mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, Antabamba District. Yana Ranra lies west of Paqu Qhawana, north of Quri Waraqa and south of Puka Urqu. South of Yana Ranra there is a small lake name Qiñwaqucha (Quechua for Polylepis lake, Queñuacocha)

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Kalki Avatar Foundation
The Kalki Avatar Foundation is a spiritual organisation and the sister organisation of Messiah Foundation International. It was founded in 2000 by Younus AlGohar under the guidance of Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi, and bases its principles on his teachings. The Kalki Avatar Foundation's goals include raising awareness of the spiritual sciences, promoting divine love and tolerance among all peoples, and propagating the belief that Shahi is the awaited Kalki Avatar. Although headquartered in London, United Kingdom, the organisation operates in Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, Japan, and South Korea as well. The organisation is particularly active in Sri Lanka.

Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi
Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi (Urdu: ریاض احمد گوھر شاہی) (born 25 November 1941) is a spiritual leader and founder of the spiritual groups RAGS International (now known as Messiah Foundation International) and Anjuman Serfaroshan-e-Islam.

He is the author of a number of Urdu books on topics relating to spirituality, the most successful among these being Deen-e-Ilahi "The Religion of God" (2000), which was republished by Balboa Press, a division of Hay House and translated into English and other languages by Messiah Foundation International in 2012.

RAGS International was renamed to Messiah Foundation International in 2000. MFI reports that Shahi claimed to be the Mahdi, Messiah, and Kalki Avatar. Shahi disappeared from public view in 2001. There have been claims that he died in that year or in 2003, but these are unconfirmed.
Raciborów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Raciborów [rat͡ɕiˈbɔruf] (German: Vogelsang) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brojce, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Brojce, 16 km (10 mi) east of Gryfice, and 80 km (50 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 24.

Brojce
Brojce [ˈbrɔi̯t͡sɛ] is a village in Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Brojce. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Gryfice and 80 km (50 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The area became part of the emerging Polish state under its first historic ruler Mieszko I around 967. Following the fragmentation of Poland, it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. From the 18th century, it formed part of Prussia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. After Germany's defeat in World War II, it became again part of Poland.
Alytus County
Alytus County (Lithuanian: Alytaus apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. It is the southernmost county, and its capital is the city of Alytus. Its territory lies within the ethnographic region of Dzūkija. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Alytus County remains as a territorial and statistical unit.

It borders the Vilnius County in the east, Marijampolė County and Kaunas County in the north, Podlaskie Voivodeship of Poland in the west, and Grodno Region of Belarus in the south..

Vilnius County
Vilnius County (Lithuanian: Vilniaus apskritis) is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius and is also known as Capital Region or Sostinės regionas by the Lithuanian statistics department and Eurostat. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as a territorial and statistical unit.
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate (calcium stearoyl lactylate or CSL) or E482 is a versatile,  FDA approved food additive.  It is one type of a commercially available lactylate.  CSL is  non-toxic, biodegradable, and typically manufactured using  biorenewable feedstocks.  Because CSL is a safe and highly effective food additive, it is used in a wide variety of products from  baked goods and  desserts to packaging.

As described by the  Food Chemicals Codex 7th edition, CSL is a cream-colored powder.  CSL is currently manufactured by the esterification of stearic acid and lactic acid with partial neutralization using food-grade hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).  Commercial grade CSL is a mixture of calcium salts of stearoyl lactic acid, with minor proportions of other salts of related acids.  The  HLB for CSL is 5.1.  It is slightly soluble in hot water.  The pH of a 2% aqueous suspension is approximately 4.7.

Stearic acid
Stearic acid (/ˈstɪərɪk/ STEER-ik, /stiˈærɪk/ stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain. The IUPAC name is octadecanoic acid. It is a soft waxy solid with the formula CH3(CH2)16COOH. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin. Stearic acid is a prevalent fatty acid in nature, found in many animal and vegetable fats, but is usually higher in animal fat than vegetable fat. It has a melting point of 69.4 °C (156.9 °F)  °C and a pKa of 4.50.

Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its glycerol ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature and in the food supply, following palmitic acid. Dietary sources of stearic acid include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and foods prepared with fats; beef tallow, lard, butterfat, cocoa butter, and shea butter are rich fat sources of stearic acid.
Josh Turner discography
Josh Turner is an American country music artist. His discography comprises nine studio albums and seventeen singles, all released on MCA Nashville. Turner's first three albums are all certified by the Recording Industry Association of America. His 2003 debut Long Black Train is certified platinum, 2006's Your Man is certified 2× Platinum, and 2007's Everything Is Fine is certified gold. Of his singles, the highest-charting are "Your Man", "Would You Go with Me", "Why Don't We Just Dance", and "All Over Me"—all of which reached number one on the US country singles charts. "Why Don't We Just Dance" is also his highest peak on the Billboard Hot 100, at 35. "Time Is Love"  and "Long Black Train" are certified gold as singles, while "Your Man", "Would You Go with Me", "Why Don't We Just Dance" are certified platinum.

Would You Go with Me
"Would You Go with Me" is a song written by Shawn Camp and John Scott Sherrill, and recorded by American country music artist Josh Turner.  It was released in April 2006 as the second single from his album Your Man. It is the first track on Your Man.
Esmeraldas Province
Esmeraldas (Spanish pronunciation: [esmeˈɾaldas]) is a northwestern coastal province of Ecuador. The capital and largest city is Esmeraldas. Esmeraldas is one of the three provinces of Ecuador that borders Colombia, and it is the most northern province in the country. The province borders Imbabura and Carchi to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, Manabí, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Pichincha to the south, and Colombia to the north. The province is home to the Afro-Ecuadorian culture.

Imbabura Province
Imbabura (Spanish pronunciation: [imbaˈβuɾa]) is a province located in the Andes of northern Ecuador.  The capital is Ibarra. The people of the province speak Spanish, and a large portion of the population also speak the Imbaburan Kichwa variety of the Quechua language.

The summit of Cotacachi Volcano at an elevation of 4,944 metres (16,220 ft) is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-east of the town of Cotacachi. The volcano is located in the large Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve.

Imbabura Volcano is also located in the province.  Best reached from the town of La Esperanza, the 4,609 metres (15,121 ft) high mountain can be climbed in a single day.
Miss Bahamas 2011
The Miss Bahamas 2011 pageant was held on May 6, 2011. Twenty-six candidates competed for the national crown. The chosen winner represented The Bahamas at the Miss Universe 2011 pageant. The costume of the winner of the best national costume award will be used at Miss Universe 2011. Miss World Bahamas entered Miss World 2011. The First Runner Up entered Miss Intercontinental, the Second Runner Up entered Miss Supranational, and the Third Runner Up entered Top Model of the World.

Miss Universe 2011
Miss Universe 2011 was the 60th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Credicard Hall in São Paulo, Brazil, on 12 September 2011.

At the end of the event, Ximena Navarrete of Mexico crowned Leila Lopes of Angola as Miss Universe 2011, marking the country's first win at the pageant.

Contestants from eighty-nine countries and territories competed in this year's pageant, surpassing the previous 86 contestants at Miss Universe 2006. The pageant was hosted by Andy Cohen and Natalie Morales, with commentary and analysis by Jeannie Mai and Shandi Finnessey. Brazilian singer-songwriter Bebel Gilberto and Brazilian pop singer Claudia Leitte were the  performers.
1987 Midwestern Collegiate Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1987 Midwestern Collegiate Conference men's basketball tournament (now known as the Horizon League men's basketball tournament) was held February 26–28 at Market Square Arena in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Xavier defeated Saint Louis in the championship game, 81–69, to win their third MCC/Horizon League men's basketball tournament.

The Musketeers received an automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA tournament as the #13 seed in the Midwest region.

Horizon League men's basketball tournament
The Horizon League men's basketball conference tournament is held annually at the end of the men's college basketball regular season. The tournament has been played each year since 1980.  The winner of the tournament is designated the Horizon League tournament champion and receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA men's basketball tournament.  The finals of the tournament are typically among the first held before the field for the NCAA tournament is announced.
The Unique Thelonious Monk
The Unique Thelonious Monk is a 1956 album by Thelonious Monk. It was his second for Riverside Records, and, like his Riverside debut, is made up of standards. It was a continuation of Riverside's strategy to broaden consumer interest in Monk by having him record cover versions of well-known material which, Riverside hoped, would help to break down the prevailing perception that Monk's original music was "too difficult" for mass-market acceptance.

Riverside, at the time of the first re-issue, printed copies of the stamp that was featured on the cover art. Some of these made their way through the United States Postal Service, which issued a restraining order against the company. Monk was subsequently featured on a genuine stamp, which was issued by the U.S. Postal Service in 1995.

Riverside Records
Riverside Records was an American jazz record company and label. Founded by Orrin Keepnews and Bill Grauer, Jr, under his firm Bill Grauer Productions in 1953, the label played an important role in the jazz record industry for a decade. Riverside headquarters were located in New York City, at 553 West 51st Street.