hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charley's Trace
Charley's Trace is a former Native American trail to the Mississippi River.

Charley's Trace (also spelled Charlie's Trace) is possibly named for a Choctaw trader who operated a steamboat fueling station near Clarksdale in the 1820s. There is some evidence that Hernando de Soto used Charley's Trace to reach the Mississippi River on May 8, 1541. After the Mississippi Territory was open to settlement, Charley's Trace connected to other roads such as Gaines Trace and was used by outlaws who operated in the Mississippi Delta.

Charley's Trace is possibly depicted on the Baron de Crenay's 1733 map of Louisiana. The 1755 Mitchell Map may also depict Charley's Trace (labeled as "Route of Colonel Welch to the Mississippi River in 1698, since followed by our Traders").

A historical marker was placed by the Chakchiuma Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution on February 20, 1926. The marker was replaced with a newer one on May 21, 1955. No marker exists at the site today.

Gaines Trace
The Gaines Trace was a road in the Mississippi Territory. It was constructed in 1811 and 1812 from the Tennessee River (opposite the Elk River's mouth) to Cotton Gin Port on the upper Tombigbee River and on to Fort Stoddert on the lower Tombigbee. The portion from the Tennessee River to Cotton Gin Port was surveyed in 1807 and 1808 by Edmund P. Gaines, the road's namesake and a career United States Army officer.

In 1816, the Gaines Trace and the Tombigbee River were the boundaries between United States and Chickasaw territory in Mississippi.

A portion of the road appeared on an 1831 map of Mississippi that illustrated the "Gaines Road" extending from Russellville, Alabama to Cotton Gin Port.

Jackson's Military Road, constructed from 1816 to 1820, intersected Gaines Trace in Russellville. Tennessee Street in Courtland, Alabama, was a portion of the Trace.
Nic Smal
Nic Smal is a South African animator, writer, musician, and voice actor. Alongside Lucy Heavens, he is the co-creator, co-star, and co-leader of the animated musical-comedy Kiff and serves as an executive producer, writer, and storyboard artist for the series, in addition to writing and producing songs and voicing Principal Secretary and other characters.

Children's and Family Emmy Awards
The Children's and Family Emmy Awards, or Children's and Family Emmys, are a part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the American television industry. Bestowed by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), the Children's and Family Emmys are presented in recognition of excellence in American children's and family-oriented television programming. The first ceremony took place on December 10 and 11, 2022, at Wilshire Ebell Theatre, Los Angeles. Awards for children's programming are offshoots of categories that were previously presented at both the Daytime Emmys and the Primetime Emmys.
2018 Delray Beach Open – Doubles
Raven Klaasen and Rajeev Ram were the defending champions, but Ram chose not to participate and Klaasen chose to compete in Marseille instead.

Jack Sock and Jackson Withrow won the title, defeating Nicholas Monroe and John-Patrick Smith in the final, 4–6, 6–4, [10–8].

2018 Open 13 Provence – Doubles
Julien Benneteau and Nicolas Mahut were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Raven Klaasen and Michael Venus.

Klaasen and Venus went on to win the title, defeating Marcus Daniell and Dominic Inglot in the final, 6–7(2–7), 6–3, [10–4].
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
The Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (FRDC) is a statutory corporation that manages research and development investment by the Australian Government and the Australian fishing and aquaculture commercial, recreational and Indigenous sectors.

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment
The Australian Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE) was an Australian Government department which operated from 1 February 2020 until 30 June 2022. It represented Australia's national interests in agriculture, water and the environment.

On 1 July 2022, the agriculture and water component became the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF), while the environment component became the new Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water.
Colorado Amphitheater
The Colorado Amphitheater (Zypher Amphitheater), also known as Structure #41, is a natural stone amphitheater built in 1935 to serve Camp George West of the Colorado National Guard.  It is located near the base of South Table Mountain, a mesa located just east of Golden, Colorado.

Built under the auspices of commander Neil West Kimball, grandson of the general for whom the camp was named, it was constructed as a project of the Works Progress Administration.  One of its primary uses in operation was to show films to the Guard troops.  However, the amphitheater fell into disuse when rattlesnakes became too plentiful for comfort.  The amphitheater later came into ownership by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

National Laboratory of the Rockies
The National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR), formerly the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), in the United States specializes in the research and development of renewable energy, energy efficiency, energy systems integration, and sustainable transportation. NREL is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Department of Energy and operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, a joint venture between MRIGlobal and Battelle. Located in Golden, Colorado, NREL is home to the National Center for Photovoltaics, the National Bioenergy Center, and the National Wind Technology Center. On December 1, 2025, the Department of Energy announced a new name for NREL, the National Laboratory of the Rockies, pending Congressional authorization.
Flora of Cantabria
The flora of Cantabria is the result of three determining factors: the climate, the composition of the soil, directly dependent on the types of existing rocks, and the evolutionary history of the different plant formations.

From the point of view of its flora, Cantabria is located between two biogeographic realms. Most of the territory belongs to the Eurosiberian region, but the southern end is part of the Mediterranean region. This border situation has a direct effect on the characteristics of the plant landscape of the region, where Mediterranean and Atlantic species intermingle, enriching the botanical composition of the different existing ecosystems.

Picos de Europa
The Picos de Europa ("Peaks of Europe", also the Picos) are a mountain range extending for about 20 km (12 mi), forming part of the Cantabrian Mountains in northern Spain.
The range is situated in the Autonomous Communities of Asturias, Cantabria and Castile and León.
The highest peak is Torre de Cerredo, at an elevation of 2650 m (8,690 ft).
Tormey, California
Tormey, formerly known as El Cierbo from the (Spanish word 'Ciervo' for 'Elk' (Cervus canadensis), is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located between Rodeo and Crockett on the edge of the ConocoPhillips oil refinery in Rodeo. It is 6.5 miles (10 km) west-northwest of Martinez, at an elevation of 20 feet (6 m). The community is home to less than a dozen homes and the former offices of the John Swett Unified School District.

Crockett, California
Crockett (formerly Crockettville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, in the East Bay sub-region of the San Francisco Bay Area, California. The population was 3,242 at the 2020 census. It is located 28 miles (45 km) northeast of San Francisco. Other nearby communities include Port Costa, Martinez, Vallejo, Benicia, Rodeo, Hercules, Pinole and Richmond.
Vathy (Sifnos)
Vathy is a small seaside village in Sifnos, Greece. According to the 2021 Greek census it had a population of 75 permanent residents. It is located on the southwest coast of the island facing the neighboring island of Kimolos.

Vathy belongs to the community of Apollonia of the municipality of Sifnos, which in turn belongs to Milos regional unit of the South Aegean administrative unit.

Kimolos
Kimolos (Greek: Κίμωλος; Latin: Cimolus) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea. It lies on the southwest of the island group of Cyclades, near the bigger island of Milos. Kimolos is the administrative center of the municipality of Kimolos, which also includes the uninhabited islands of Polyaigos, Agios Efstathios and Agios Georgios. The island has a land area of 36 square kilometres (13.900 sq mi), while the municipality's land area is 53.251 square kilometres (20.560 sq mi), and it reported a population of 810 inhabitants in the 2021 census.
Maryland Loyalists Battalion
The Maryland Loyalists Battalion, also known as the First Battalion of Maryland Loyalists, was a Loyalist infantry unit which served on the side of the Kingdom of Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War. Raised in 1777 by Loyalist officer James Chalmers, the unit, consisting of one battalion, was organizationally part of the British Provincial Corps and saw action at the 1778 Battle of Monmouth and the 1781 Siege of Pensacola. It was disbanded in 1783 in the wake of the Patriot victory in the war.

Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution
British colonists who supported the British cause in the American War of Independence were Loyalists, often called Tories, or, occasionally, Royalists or King's Men. Whilst George Washington's men called themselves "Patriots", and in this article Americans on the side of the insurgency are called Patriots.  For a detailed analysis of the psychology and social origins of the Loyalists, see Loyalist (American Revolution).

This article is an overview of some of the prominent Loyalist military units of the Revolution, and of the fighting they did for the British Crown.
1986 CAA men's basketball tournament
The 1986 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball tournament was held February 28 – March 3, 1986 at the Patriot Center in Fairfax, Virginia.

Navy defeated George Mason in the championship game, 72–61, to win their second consecutive CAA/ECAC South men's basketball tournament. The Midshipmen, therefore, earned an automatic bid to the 1986 NCAA tournament.

Second-seeded Richmond also qualified for the NCAA tournament, receiving an at-large bid.

Coastal Athletic Association men's basketball tournament
The Coastal Athletic Association men's basketball tournament is the conference championship tournament in basketball for the Coastal Athletic Association (formerly known as the Colonial Athletic Association). The tournament has been held every year since at least 1980; for the 1979-80 to 1984-85 seasons the conference was known as the ECAC South. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA basketball tournament.
Killing of Yao Pan Ma
Yao Pan Ma, a 61-year-old Chinese American, was attacked on April 23, 2021, before he was declared dead 8 months later on December 31, as a result of traumatic brain injury caused by blunt force trauma inflicted by 49-year-old African American Jarrod Powell, in East Harlem, New York City, United States. The racist attack drew national attention as part of a rise in anti-Asian hate crimes in America.

Stop Asian Hate
Stop Asian Hate was a slogan and name of a series of demonstrations, protests, and rallies against violence targeting Asians, Asian Americans, and others of Asian descent during the COVID-19 pandemic. It began in the United States in 2021 in response to racial discrimination against Asian Americans relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Many rallies occurred in the wake of a series of shootings that occurred at three Atlanta spas in which eight people were killed, six of whom were women of Asian descent. However, the movement first began to gain traction after the killing of Vicha Ratanapakdee nearly two months earlier.
Middlesex South (federal electoral district)
Middlesex South was a federal electoral district that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1883 to 1904. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created from parts of Middlesex East and Middlesex West ridings.

It consisted of the townships of Westminster, Delaware, Caradoc and Lobo.

The electoral district was abolished in 1903 when it was redistributed between Middlesex North, Middlesex East and Middlesex West ridings.

Middlesex North (federal electoral district)
Middlesex North was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917. It was created by the British North America Act 1867 which divided the County of Middlesex into three ridings: the Middlesex North, Middlesex West and Middlesex East.

The North Riding consisted of the Townships of McGillivray and Biddulph (taken from the County of Huron), and Williams East, Williams West, Adelaide, and Lobo.

In 1882, it was redefined add the township of Stephen and the villages of Ailsa Craig, Lucan, Exeter and Parkhill, and to exclude the townships of Adelaide and Lobo.

In 1903, it was redefined to consist of the townships of Adelaide, Biddulph, Lobo, McGillivray, Williams East and Williams West, the town of Parkhill and the villages of Ailsa Craig and Lucan.

The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was redistributed between Middlesex East and Middlesex West ridings.
Bab Gorgi
Bab Gorgi (Persian: باب گرگي, also Romanized as Bāb Gorgī) is a village in Gevar Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 56, in 12 families.

Gevar Rural District
Gevar Rural District (Persian: دهستان گور) is in Sarduiyeh District of Jiroft County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sahebabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qalatuiyeh.
Stražica, Vojnik
Stražica (pronounced [ˈstɾaːʒitsa]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Vojnik in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills northwest of Frankolovo off the main road from Vojnik to Slovenske Konjice. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Vojnik, Vojnik
Vojnik (pronounced [ˈʋoːi̯nik]; German: Hochenegg) is the largest settlement and the centre of the Municipality of Vojnik in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the Hudinja River, north of Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Locals make their living from farming, but there are also many small businesses. Vojnik was first mentioned as a borough in 1306. There were many fires in the town, and the town even burned to the ground in 1839.
Parti Québécois candidates in the 2003 Quebec provincial election
The governing Parti Québécois (PQ) fielded a full slate of 125 candidates in the 2003 Quebec provincial election and elected forty-five members to become the official opposition party in the national assembly.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Blarney (code name)
BLARNEY is a communications surveillance program of the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States. It started in 1978, operated under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act  and was expanded after the September 11 attacks.

The collection takes place at top-level telecommunications facilities within the United States, choke points through which most traffic will flow, including wireless. This type of surveillance is referred to as Upstream collection.

BLARNEY was first brought to public view in a PRISM slide revealed by Edward Snowden. The FY 2013 budget for BLARNEY was $65.96 million.

FISA of 1978 Amendments Act of 2008
The FISA Amendments Act of 2008, also called the FAA and Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 Amendments Act of 2008, is an Act of Congress that amended the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. It has been used as the legal basis for surveillance programs disclosed by Edward Snowden in 2013, including PRISM.
Underwater work
Underwater work is work done underwater, generally by divers during diving operations, but includes work done underwater by remotely operated underwater vehicles and crewed submersibles.

Underwater work is the activity required to achieve the purpose of the diving operation additional to the activities required for safe diving in the specific underwater environment of the worksite, including finding and identifying the workplace, and where necessary, making it safe to do the planned work. Some of these activities have a wide range of applications in work suitable for a given diving mode, and are likely to be considered basic skills and learned during professional diver training programmes for the relevant mode. Others are specialist skils and are more likely to be learned on the job or on skills training programmes not directly related to diving.

Underwater photography
Underwater photography is the practice of capturing images beneath the surface of the water, often done while scuba diving, but can also be done while diving on surface supply, snorkeling, swimming, from a submersible or remotely operated underwater vehicle, or from automated cameras lowered from the surface.

Underwater photography can also be categorized as an art form and a method for recording data. 
Successful underwater imaging is usually done with specialized equipment and techniques. However, it offers exciting and rare photographic opportunities. Animals such as fish and marine mammals are common subjects, but photographers also pursue shipwrecks, submerged cave systems, underwater "landscapes", invertebrates, seaweeds, geological features, and portraits of fellow divers.
Hexamidine
Hexamidine is an antiseptic and a disinfectant. Hexomedine is the trade name of a diisethionate solution (1/1.000) of hexamidine. Hexamidine is used primarily as its diisethionate salt, which is more water-soluble than the dihydrochloride. The dihydrochloride was first synthesized and patented as a trypanocide for May & Baker in 1939. Its amoebicidal properties emerged in the 1990s. The exact mechanism of its biocidal action is unknown, but presumed similar to quaternary ammonium compounds, involving binding to the negatively charged lipid membranes of pathogens. Hexamidine and its shorter congener, propamidine, are used as antiseptics and preservatives in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. They are particularly used for the topical treatment of acanthamoebiasis (Acanthamoeba keratitis).

Antiseptic
An antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit. 'against' and σηπτικός, sēptikos, 'putrefactive') is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection, or putrefaction. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to safely destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects.

Antibacterials include antiseptics that have the proven ability to act against bacteria. Microbicides which destroy virus particles are called viricides or antivirals. Antifungals, also known as antimycotics, are pharmaceutical fungicides used to treat and prevent mycosis (fungal infection).
Bashir Abubakar
Bashir AbubakarListenⓘ MFR (born 12 December 1962) is a Nigerian politician who holds the title of Barden Kudun Zazzau. He is currently appointed as the Chief Commissioner Public Complaints Commission, Nigeria by the President Bola Ahmed Tinubu . He retired from the Nigeria Customs Service in 2020 and had risen to the management rank of Assistant Controller General Of Customs (ACG). His retirement opened up an opportunity for him to join politics where he contested for primary election for Kaduna State Governorship position under All Progressives Congress (APC), where he emerged as 1st runner-up.

Zaria
Zaria Listenⓘ (formerly Zazzau) is a metropolitan city in Nigeria, located within four local government areas in Kaduna State. It serves as the capital of the Zazzau Emirate Council and is one of the original seven Hausa city-states. The local government areas comprising Zaria are Zaria, Sabon Gari, Giwa, and Soba local government areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria.

It contains Nigeria's largest university, Ahmadu Bello University, and various tertiary institutions including the Federal College of Education (FCE Zaria), Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology and Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic.  Department of Agriculture Ahmed Bello University Zaria. Ameer Shehu Idris College of Advanced Diploma.

From the 2006 population census, Zaria was estimated to have 736,000 people. It is home to the Emir of Zazzau.
1985 Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1985 Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 1–3 at the Hampton Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia.

Top-seeded VCU defeated rival Old Dominion in the championship game, 87–82, to win their third Sun Belt men's basketball tournament.

The Rams, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1985 NCAA tournament. They were joined in the tournament by fellow Sun Belt members UAB and Old Dominion, both of whom received at-large bids.

Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament
The Sun Belt Conference men's basketball tournament has been played every year since the formation of the Sun Belt Conference prior to the 1976–77 American collegiate academic year. The winner of the tournament is guaranteed an automatic berth into the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament.
1938 Worcester Tech Engineers football team
The 1938 Worcester Tech Engineers football team was an American football team that represented the Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) as an independent during the 1938 college football season. In their 16th year under head coach Ivan Bigler, the Engineers compiled a 6–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 66 to 29. The 1938 season was the first perfect season in Worcester Tech's football history, others following in 1954 and 1983.

1983 WPI Engineers football team
The 1983 WPI Engineers football team  was an American football team that represented the Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) as an independent during the 1983 NCAA Division III football season. In their sixth year under head coach Bob Weiss, the Engineers compiled an 8–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 225 to 56. The team was named Division III Team of the Year by the New England Football Newsletter, and Weiss was honored as 1983 Coach of the Year by the New England College Football Writers Association.

Despite the team's undefeated and untied record, WPI was not invited to participate in the NCAA Division III Football Championship playoffs. Weiss responded to the omission: "How do you explain to 83 kids that they're unbeaten but unworthy?"

Tailback Mike Carbone led the team with 1,115 rushing yards.