hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jaguar XK150
The Jaguar XK150 is a sports car produced by Jaguar between 1957 and 1961 as the successor to the XK140.

Initially it was only available in fixed head coupé (FHC) and drophead coupé (DHC) versions. The roadster without full weather equipment which had begun the XK line was launched as the XK150 OTS (open two-seater) in 1958. Minimal rear seats were fitted in the coupés. The open two-seater was fitted for the first time with wind-up windows in taller high-silled doors, but retained the very simple folding roof of its predecessors.

Roadster (car)
A roadster (also spider, spyder) is an open two-seat car with emphasis on sporting appearance or character. Initially an American term for a two-seat car with no weather protection, its usage has spread internationally and has evolved to include two-seat convertibles.

The roadster was also a style of racing car driven in United States Auto Club (USAC) Championship Racing, including the Indianapolis 500, in the 1950s and 1960s. This type of racing car was superseded by rear-mid-engine cars.
West Hill railway station
West Hill railway station (station code: WH) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station in Kozhikode district, Kerala and falls under the Palakkad railway division of the Southern Railway zone, Indian Railways.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Gmina Widawa
Gmina Widawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Widawa, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Łask and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 178.04 square kilometres (68.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,954.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta-Widawka Landscape Park.

Łask
Łask ([wask]) is a town in central Poland with 16,925 inhabitants (2020). It is the capital of Łask County, and is situated in Łódź Voivodeship. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

A town with some 1,000 years of history, Łask is a former residential town of the Łaski noble family under whose patronage it was developed into a notable regional center of trade and crafts. It contains heritage Gothic and Baroque churches and a local historical museum. It is located near the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok. The Polish Air Force's 32nd Air Base is located nearby.
Emma Hellenstainer
Emma Hellenstainer (sometimes Emma Hellensteiner or simply Frau Emma: born Emerentiana Hausbacher: 23 April 1818 - 9 March 1904) was a pioneer of Tirolean Gastronomy. She exhibited formidable talents, both as a businesswoman and in terms of what, during the twentieth century, would have become widely understood as marketing.

Toblach
Toblach (German: [ˈtoːblax]; Italian: Dobbiaco [dobˈbjaːko]) is a comune/Gemeinde (municipality) in South Tyrol in Northern Italy, located in the Puster Valley about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of the city of Bolzano, on the border with Austria.
Lodos
The lodos is the strong south-westerly wind which may predominate episodically in the Aegean Sea and Marmara Sea as well as the Mediterranean coast of Turkey all the year round; it frequently raises high seas and may give violent westerly squalls. The word lodos is Turkish, coming from Greek word "Notus", and originally means "southern wind".

Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora, the Marmara Sea or Propontis /prəˈpɒntɪs/ (ancient Greek: Προποντίς /pro.ponˈdis/), is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km2 (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m (4,490 ft).
Panta Srećković
Pantelija Srećković (Serbian Cyrillic: Пантелија Срећковић; 3 November 1834 – 8 July 1903), also known as Panta Srećković (Панта Срећковић) was a Serbian historian and academician, the dean of the Grandes écoles (Velika Škola) in 1884–85, and again in 1890.

Miloš Milojević (lawyer)
Miloš S. Milojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош С. Милојевић; 16 October 1840 – 24 June 1897) was a Serbian lawyer, writer and politician. His work has been described as "at a ridge between history and literature", mostly for his travel-recording genre.
2010 Palestinian militancy campaign
The 2010 Palestinian militancy campaign was a coordinated effort by 13 Palestinian militant groups, led by Islamist group Hamas, to derail peace talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The campaign consisted of attacks against Israelis in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Israel in which, according to a Hamas declaration in early September, "all options are open". The participating groups also included Palestinian Islamic Jihad, the Popular Resistance Committees and an unnamed splinter group of Fatah.
Some Israeli and Palestinian officials and analysts familiar with Hamas believe that the true target of the campaign is the Palestinian Authority, which is led by Mahmoud Abbas of Fatah.

Shin Bet
The Israel Security Agency, better known by the acronyms Shabak or Shin Bet, is Israel's internal security and counterintelligence service. Its motto is "Magen v'lo Yera'eh" (Hebrew: מָגֵן וְלֹא יֵרָאֶה, lit. 'the unseen shield'). The Shin Bet's headquarters are located in northwest Tel Aviv, north of Yarkon Park.

It is one of three principal organizations of the Israeli Intelligence Community, alongside Aman (military intelligence) and Mossad (foreign intelligence service).
Sincere favorite criterion
The sincere favorite or no favorite-betrayal criterion is a property of some voting systems that says  voters should have no incentive to vote for someone else over their favorite. It protects voters from having to engage in lesser-evil voting or a strategy called "decapitation" (removing the "head" off a ballot).

Most rated voting systems satisfy the criterion while most ranked voting systems fail this criterion.  Lesser-evil-voting is particularly prevalent in plurality-based voting systems like ranked choice voting (RCV), traditional runoffs, partisan primaries, and first-past-the-post. Lesser-evil voting is typically associated with center-squeeze in these systems.

Duverger's law says that systems vulnerable to this strategy will typically (though not always) develop two party-systems, as voters will abandon minor-party candidates to support stronger major-party candidates.

Independence of irrelevant alternatives
Independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) is an axiom of decision theory which codifies the intuition that a choice between  and  (which are both related) should not depend on the quality of a third, unrelated outcome . There are several different variations of this axiom, which are generally equivalent under mild conditions. As a result of its importance, the axiom has been independently rediscovered in various forms across a wide variety of fields, including economics, cognitive science, social choice, fair division, rational choice, artificial intelligence, probability, and game theory. It is closely tied to many of the most important theorems in these fields, including Arrow's impossibility theorem, the Balinski–Young theorem, and the money pump arguments.

In behavioral economics, failures of IIA (caused by irrationality) are called menu effects or menu dependence.
Perfidy (book)
Perfidy is a book written by Ben Hecht in 1961. The book describes the events surrounding the 1954–1955 Kastner trial in Jerusalem.

The book is based on transcripts from the trial and concludes that in 1944 Rudolf Kastner deliberately withheld from the Jews in Hungary knowledge that the trains the Nazis were putting them on were taking them to death by the gas chamber, not to a fictitious resettlement city as the Nazis claimed and that Kastner then lied about it under oath. One of the supporting facts presented is that, in the Supreme Court appeal of the original verdict implicating Kastner, all five Supreme Court Judges upheld Judge Halevi's initial verdict on the "criminal and perjurious way" in which Kastner after the war had testified on behalf of Nazi war criminal Kurt Becher. Judge Silberg summed up the Supreme Court finding on this point: "[respondent Malchiel] Greenwald has proven beyond any reasonable doubt this grave charge." Most of the judgement was later overturned.

Kurt Becher
Kurt Andreas Ernst Becher (12 September 1909 – 8 August 1995) was a mid-ranking SS commander who was Special Commissioner of all Concentration Camps (Reichssonderkommissar für sämtliche Konzentrationslager), and Chief of the Economic Department of the SS Command in Hungary during the German occupation in 1944. He is best known for having traded Jewish lives for money during the Holocaust.
Brendan Hosking
Brendan Hosking is an Australian rules football umpire currently officiating in the Australian Football League.

He first umpired in the Essendon District Football League in 2003. He went on to umpire in the 2010 TAC Cup Grand Final and the 2011 VFL Grand Final. He made his AFL umpiring debut in Round 3, 2012, in a match between Greater Western Sydney and West Coast.

He was appointed to the 2022 AFL Grand Final between Geelong Cats and Sydney Swans partnering alongside Matt Stevic - 9 and Simon Meredith - 21.

Hosking teaches Health and Physical Education at Yarra Valley Grammar School and formerly taught at Richmond High School.

Simon Meredith (umpire)
Simon Meredith (born 11 March 1975) is an Australian rules football field umpire in the Australian Football League.  One of the league's most experienced umpires, he has officiated in ten AFL Grand Finals: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2020,2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025.

In June 2014, Meredith suffered severe headaches whilst umpiring a game between Sydney and Port Adelaide. He was taken to hospital and diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage. He spent over a week in hospital before returning to Melbourne. He recovered fully and went on to umpire in that season's grand final.

In 2017, Meredith received AFL life membership after umpiring 300 games, becoming the 22nd umpire to do so. Meredith officiated his 400th match when Fremantle played the Western Bulldogs during Round 12 of the 2021 season. He became the 7th umpire in VFL/AFL history to achieve this feat.
Rational homotopy sphere
In algebraic topology, a rational homotopy -sphere is an -dimensional manifold with the same rational homotopy groups as the -sphere. These serve, among other things, to understand which information the rational homotopy groups of a space can or cannot measure and which attenuations result from neglecting torsion in comparison to the (integral) homotopy groups of the space.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
St Michael's Church, Middleton
St Michael's Church is in Townley Street, Middleton, Greater Manchester, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Heywood and Middleton, the archdeaconry of Rochdale, and the diocese of Manchester. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Anglican Diocese of Manchester
The Diocese of Manchester is a Church of England diocese in the Province of York, England. Based in the city of Manchester, the diocese covers much of the county of Greater Manchester and small areas of the counties of Lancashire and Cheshire.
Respect for the Aged Day
Respect for the Aged Day (敬老の日, Keirō no Hi) is a public holiday in Japan celebrated annually to honor elderly citizens. It started in 1966 as a national holiday and was held on every September 15. Since 2003, Respect for the Aged Day is held on the third Monday of September due to the Happy Monday System.

This national holiday traces its origins to 1947, when Nomadani-mura (later Yachiyo-cho, currently Taka-cho), Hyōgo Prefecture, proclaimed September 15 Old Folks' Day (Toshiyori no Hi). Its popularity spread nationwide, and in 1966 it took its present name and status. Annually, Japanese media take the opportunity to feature the elderly, reporting on the population and highlighting the oldest people in the country.

Happy Monday System
The Happy Monday System (ハッピーマンデー制度, Happī Mandē Seido) is a set of modifications to Japanese law in 1998 and 2001 to move a number of public holidays in Japan to Mondays, creating three-day weekends for those with five-day work weeks. It is the Japanese equivalent of the 1968 Uniform Monday Holiday Act in the United States.
John Hedigan
John Hedigan (born 14 October 1948) is a retired Irish judge who served as a Judge of the Court of Appeal from 2016 to 2018, a Judge of the High Court from 2007 to 2014 and a Judge of the European Court of Human Rights from 1998 to 2007. He is the current Chair of the Irish Banking Culture Board (IBCB).

Court of Appeal (Ireland)
The Court of Appeal (Irish: An Chúirt Achomhairc) is a court in Ireland that sits between the High Court and Supreme Court. Its jurisdiction derives from Article 34.4. It was established in 2014, taking over the existing appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in 2014 and replacing the Court of Criminal Appeal and the Courts-Martial Appeal Court (subject to transitional provisions). Appeals to the Supreme Court are at that Court's discretion.
Kristiansand Zoo and Amusement Park
The Kristiansand Zoo and Amusement Park (Norwegian: Kristiansand Dyrepark) is a zoological garden and amusement park situated in of Kristiansand, Norway. It is Norway's most frequently visited attraction, covering an area of 60 hectares (150 acres). Established in 1966, it has been owned by Braganza since 2004.

The Kristiansand Zoo and Amusement Park has Norway's largest collection of animals. It consists of over a hundred species of animals from around the world, that move freely on a relatively large area.

Amusement attractions include Cardamom Town (Norwegian: Kardemomme by), which is made to look like the town in the book by Thorbjørn Egner, and Captain Sabertooth and pirate village Abra Havn (Abra Harbor), which is taken from a theatre act by the singer and actor Terje Formoe.

Wolverine
The wolverine (/ˈwʊlvəriːn/ WUUL-və-reen, US also /ˌwʊlvəˈriːn/ WUUL-və-REEN; Gulo gulo), also called the carcajou or quickhatch (from East Cree, kwiihkwahaacheew), is the largest land-dwelling member of the family Mustelidae. It is a muscular carnivore and a solitary animal. The wolverine has a reputation for ferocity and strength out of proportion to its size, with the documented ability to kill prey many times larger than itself.

The wolverine is found primarily in remote reaches of the northern boreal forests and subarctic and alpine tundra of the Northern Hemisphere, with the greatest numbers in Northern Canada, the U.S. state of Alaska, the mainland Nordic countries of Europe, and throughout western Russia and Siberia. Its population has steadily declined since the 19th century owing to trapping, range reduction and habitat fragmentation. The wolverine has become essentially absent from the southern end of its range in both Europe and North America.
Peter Haas (engraver)
Christian Peter Jonas Haas (12 April 1754 – 1804) was a German-Danish engraver, born and initially working in Copenhagen. Two of his brothers, Georg and Meno, and his father Jonas were all engravers. Haas engraved a number of plates documenting Carsten Niebuhr's travels in Arabia, idealizing and moralistic genre art works by Daniel Chodowiecki and related works by Erik Pauelsen. Haas, however, for economic reasons, also undertook to carry out commercial graphics such as business cards, embroidery patterns and almanacs. He elected in 1786 to follow his brother Meno to Berlin, where he continued his diverse business, including portrait miniatures, a series of Berlin Prospectuses, and a series of scenes from Frederick the Great's life. In Berlin he also came to meet Chodowiecki, and became a member of the academies of Paris and Copenhagen. He is represented in the Royal Collection.

Daniel Chodowiecki
Daniel Niklaus Chodowiecki (16 October 1726 – 7 February 1801) was a German painter and printmaker of Huguenot and Polish ancestry, who is most famous as an etcher. He spent most of his life in Berlin, and became the director of the Berlin Academy of Art.
Jamul Casino
Jamul Casino is a Native American gambling enterprise run by the Jamul Indian Village on their 6-acre reservation in Jamul, California. The casino has 1,700 slot machines and 40 table games. It is located 20 miles east of downtown San Diego. It was formerly the Hollywood Casino Jamul-San Diego. The president and general manager is Mary Cheeks.

Native American gaming
Native American gaming comprises casinos, bingo halls, slots halls and other gambling operations on Indian reservations or other tribal lands in the United States. Because these areas have tribal sovereignty, states have limited ability to forbid gambling there, as codified by the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. As of 2024, there were 532 gambling operations run by 243 tribes, with a total annual revenue of $43.9 billion.
Lipno County
Lipno County (Polish: powiat lipnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It was formed on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lipno, which lies 43 km (27 mi) south-east of Toruń and 84 km (52 mi) east of Bydgoszcz. The county also contains the towns of Skępe, lying 13 km (8 mi) east of Lipno, and Dobrzyń nad Wisłą, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Lipno.

The county covers an area of 1,015.6 square kilometres (392.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 65,869, out of which the population of Lipno is 14,339, that of Skępe is 3,620, that of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą is 2,129, and the rural population is 45,723.

Dobrzyń nad Wisłą
Dobrzyń nad Wisłą (Polish: [ˈdɔbʐɨɲ ˌnad ˈvʲiswɔ̃] ⓘ) is a town in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies on the Vistula River in the vicinity of Włocławek. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 2,025.
Peter Taylor (priest)
Peter Flint Taylor (born 7 March 1944) was Archdeacon of Harlow in the Diocese of Chelmsford, serving from 1996 until 2009.

Taylor was educated at Clifton College and Queens' College, Cambridge;  and the London College of Divinity. He was ordained deacon in 1970 and priest in 1971. After curacies at St Augustine's Highbury and St Andrew's, Plymouth he was vicar of Christ Church, Ironville, from 1977 to 1983. He was rector of Holy Trinity, Rayleigh, from Chelmsford from 1983 to 1996; chaplain of HM Prison Bullwood Hall from  1986 to 1990; and Rural Dean of Rochford from 1989 to 1996.

Archdeacons in the Diocese of Chelmsford
The Archdeacons in the Diocese of Chelmsford are senior ecclesiastical officers in the Church of England in Essex and East London. They currently include: the Archdeacon of West Ham, the Archdeacon of Colchester and the archdeacons of Chelmsford, of Barking, of Stansted and of Southend. Each one has responsibility over a geographical area within the diocese.
World Beer Cup
The World Beer Cup is an international beer competition organized by the Brewers Association, a trade group representing America's small and independent craft brewers. It is the largest competition in the beer industry and has been described as "the Olympics of beer." According to americancraftbeer.com, "Winning a World Beer Cup is like winning a Grammy or an Oscar…it brings the world’s attention to even the smallest brewery’s doorstep…and like a hit song or film, it can make a career." The cup was founded by Association of Brewers president Charlie Papazian in 1996 and was awarded every two years until 2022, and has been held every year since then. The competition is held in conjunction with the Craft Brewers Conference & BrewExpo America.

Brewers Association
The Brewers Association is an American trade group of over 5,400 brewers, breweries in planning, suppliers, distributors, craft beer retailers, and individuals particularly concerned with the promotion of craft beer and homebrewing.

Two of the largest programs supported by the Brewers Association are the American Homebrewers Association and the annual Great American Beer Festival.  On January 27, 2025, the American Homebrewers Association announced it is incorporating to become an independent organization from the Brewers Association. As of this edit, this process is ongoing.

The current president and CEO is Bart Watson. The American Homebrewers Association was founded by past Brewers Association president Charlie Papazian.
Erland Dahlen
Erland Dahlen (born 15 May 1971 in Ulefoss, Norway) is a Norwegian drummer and percussionist. He is a member of several bands in the elektronika/jazz/experimental music genre, like "HET", "Boschamaz", "Kiruna", "Morris" and "Piston Ltd."

Odd Nordstoga
Odd Nordstoga (born 10 December 1972) is a folk singer, musician, actor and editor from Vinje Municipality in Telemark, Norway. In 2004, he went from relative obscurity to becoming the country's biggest selling recording artist, with the phenomenal success of his first solo album proper, "Luring". The album, a fusion of pop and Norwegian folk music, has sold more than 160,000 copies in Norway to date and earned him several Spellemannsprisen awards. For the album Strålande Jul, released together with Sissel Kyrkjebø, he won an unprecedented 11 Norwegian platinum trophies.
Parliament House, Helsinki
The Parliament House (Finnish: Eduskuntatalo [ˈedusˌkuntɑˌtɑlo], Swedish: Riksdagshuset) is the seat of the Parliament of Finland. It is located in the Finnish capital Helsinki, in the district of Etu-Töölö.

Töölö
Töölö (Finnish: [ˈtøːlø]; Swedish: Tölö, formerly spelled Thölö) is the collective name for the neighbourhoods Etu-Töölö (Swedish: Främre Tölö, lit. 'Front Töölö') and Taka-Töölö (Swedish: Bortre Tölö, lit. 'Rear Töölö') in Helsinki, Finland. The neighbourhoods are located next to the city centre, occupying the western side of the Helsinki Peninsula.

Etu-Töölö, the southern neighbourhood, borders Kamppi and is the location of the Finnish Parliament House. Taka-Töölö, the northern neighbourhood, borders Meilahti and Laakso, and is the location of the Helsinki University Central Hospital. Contrary to popular belief, Töölö is no longer an official name of any district or neighbourhood in Helsinki; in 1959 Töölö was divided into Etu-Töölö and Taka-Töölö.