hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lenz–Majewski syndrome
Lenz–Majewski syndrome (LMS), also known as Lenz–Majewski hyperostotic dwarfism (LMHD), is a skin condition characterized by hyperostosis, craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, dwarfism, cutis laxa, proximal symphalangism, syndactyly, brachydactyly, intellectual disability, enamel hypoplasia and hypertelorism.: 571

Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia
Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (CDD), also known as lionitis, is an extremely rare autosomal recessive bone disorder that causes calcium to build up in the skull, disfiguring the facial features and reducing life expectancy.

These calcium deposits reduce the size of cranial foramina, and can decrease the circumference of the cervical spinal canal. In the few cases recorded, most died in childhood.
Duping, Guangdong
Duping (Chinese: 都平; pinyin: Dūpíng; Jyutping: dou1ping4) is a town of Fengkai County in western Guangdong province, China, near the border with Guangxi to the west. As of 2011, It has 1 residential community (社区) and 7 villages under its administration.

Fengkai County
Fengkai County is a county in western Guangdong Province, China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhaoqing. It was formed in 1961 from the merger of Fengchuan and Kaijian Counties, which were formerly romanized as Fungchuan (Fungchun, Fungshun)  and Hoikin respectively.
Subbhabhumi
Subbhabhumi was a part of Rarh in ancient times. It is located in what is now Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The more fertile eastern part of the district, consisting of alluvial plains, was known as Subbhabhumi.

There is mention of the Rarh region in the Jain text Acaranga Sutra. The last (24th) great Tirthankara Mahavira had wandered  through this land, referred to as the "pathless country of Ladha". The people of this region are referred to as ill-mannered and dogs were set upon Mahavira. Some historians have opined that the people of Aryavarta, were not knowledgeable about the areas beyond their territories and often looked down upon the people of those parts. In the religious text Baudhayana Dharmasutra, it is mentioned that those who visited Vanga had to perform penance.

In Raghuvaṃśa of Kalidasa there is mention of the Subbhas.

Āryāvarta
Āryāvarta (Sanskrit: आर्यावर्त, lit. 'Land of the Aryans', Sanskrit pronunciation: [aːrjaːˈʋərtə]) is a term for the northern Indian subcontinent in the ancient Hindu texts such as Dharmashastras and Sutras, referring to the areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and surrounding regions settled during and after the Indo-Aryan migrations by Indo-Aryan tribes and where Indo-Aryan religion and rituals predominated. The limits of Āryāvarta extended over time, as reflected in the various sources, as the influence of the Brahmanical ideology spread eastwards in post-Vedic times.
Regional fishery body
A regional fishery body (RFB) is a type of international organization that is part of an international  fishery agreement or arrangement to cooperate on the sustainable use and conservation of marine living resources (fish and marine mammals) and/or the development of marine capture fisheries whose such capacity has been recognized by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization under the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement.

These entities encompass a multifaceted array of functions, including the systematic gathering, analysis, and dissemination of pertinent data. Additionally, they serve as a pivotal hub for the coordination of fisheries management endeavors through collaborative schemes and mechanisms. Furthermore, these entities assume the role of a technical and policy forum, wherein deliberations transpire and decisions are rendered concerning matters germane to the conservation, management, development, and judicious utilization of fisheries resources.

Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization
The Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) is an intergovernmental organization with a mandate to provide scientific advice and management of fisheries in the northwestern part of the Atlantic Ocean.  NAFO is headquartered in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Tereza Melecká
Tereza Melecká (born 17 June 1998) is a Czech professional golfer and Ladies European Tour player. In 2022, she won the Aramco Team Series – Sotogrande team event together with Jessica Korda and Noora Komulainen, and the Aramco Team Series – Jeddah team event together with Nicole Garcia and Casandra Alexander.

European Ladies' Team Championship
The European Ladies' Team Championship is a European amateur team golf championship for women organised by the European Golf Association. The inaugural event was held in 1959.

It was played in odd-numbered years from 1959 to 2007 and has been played annually since 2008 (with the exception of 2012).
Berge's theorem
In graph theory, Berge's theorem states that a matching M in a graph G is maximum (contains the largest possible number of edges) if and only if there is no augmenting path (a path that starts and ends on free (unmatched) vertices, and alternates between edges in and not in the matching) with M.

It was proven by French mathematician Claude Berge in 1957 (though already observed by Petersen in 1891 and Kőnig in 1931).

Maximum-cardinality matching
Maximum-cardinality matching is a fundamental problem in computational graph theory.
We are given a graph G, and the goal is to find a matching containing as many edges as possible; that is, a maximum cardinality subset of the edges such that each vertex is adjacent to at most one edge of the subset. As each edge will cover exactly two vertices, this problem is equivalent to the task of finding a matching that covers as many vertices as possible.

An important special case of the maximum-cardinality matching problem is when G is a bipartite graph, whose vertices V are partitioned between left vertices in X and right vertices in Y, and edges in E always connect a left vertex to a right vertex. In this case, the problem can be efficiently solved with simpler algorithms than in the general case.

There are nonconstructive characterization theorems for the size of a maximum matching.  This article is about computation of maximum matchings.
ARIA Achievement Awards
The ARIA Achievement Awards and ARIA Icon Awards, are awards presented periodically at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognise "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", and are "awarded at the discretion of the ARIA Board." They are handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry." The awards listed below are given periodically to Australian-based artists or industry personnel within the categories: ARIA Outstanding Achievement Awards (first presented in 1988), ARIA Special Achievement Awards (first in 1989), ARIA Lifetime Achievement Awards (first in 1991) and ARIA Icon Awards (first in 2013).

1991 ARIA Music Awards
The Fifth Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) was held on 25 March 1991 at the Darling Harbour Convention Centre in Sydney. International host Bob Geldof was assisted by presenters to distribute 24 awards. There were live performances but the awards were not televised and the ceremony was noted for its three-hours plus length with Gary Morris, manager of Midnight Oil providing a 20-minute acceptance speech.

In addition to previous categories, "Lifetime Achievement Award" was created and first awarded posthumously to record producer and Albert Productions label owner, Ted Albert (who died in November 1990); an "Outstanding Achievement Award" was presented to Midnight Oil. The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted four artists: Don Burrows, Peter Dawson, Glenn Shorrock and Billy Thorpe.
Bluefish River (Massachusetts)
The Bluefish River is a stream in Duxbury, Massachusetts ending in a tidal river estuary that was the center of an active shipbuilding industry during the early 19th century. Its source is a set of small ponds located near the intersection of Partridge Road and Washington Street, about one-third of a mile from Hall's Corner in Duxbury. The river is fed by Hounds Ditch Brook which empties into the Bluefish at the tidal estuary. The river contains Duxbury’s second anadromous fish run, with a privately owned fish ladder south of Harrison Street. A large portion of the northern shore of the Bluefish River estuary is occupied by the Capt. David Cushman Preserve operated by the Wildlands Trust which contains walking trails with views of the estuary. Near its mouth, the river passes under the stone Bluefish River Bridge, a local landmark and part of the Old Shipbuilders Historic District. The river discharges into Duxbury Bay between Long Point and Bumpus Park (formerly Weston's Wharf).

Justin Winsor
Justin Winsor (January 2, 1831 – October 22, 1897) was an American writer, librarian, and historian. His historical work had strong bibliographical and cartographical elements. He was an authority on the early history of North America and was elected the first president of the American Library Association as well as the third president of the American Historical Association.
Hysterical realism
Hysterical realism is a literary genre typified by a strong contrast between elaborately absurd prose, plotting, or characterization, on the one hand, and careful, detailed investigations of real, specific social phenomena on the other. The term was coined in 2000 by English critic James Wood. It is also known as recherché postmodernism.

Jonathan Franzen
Jonathan Earl Franzen (born August 17, 1959) is an American novelist and essayist. His 2001 novel The Corrections drew widespread critical acclaim, earned Franzen a National Book Award, was a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction finalist, earned a James Tait Black Memorial Prize, and was shortlisted for the International Dublin Literary Award. His novel Freedom (2010) garnered similar praise and led to an appearance on the cover of Time magazine alongside the headline "Great American Novelist". Franzen's latest novel Crossroads was published in 2021, and is the first in a projected trilogy.

Franzen has contributed to The New Yorker magazine since 1994. His 1996 Harper's essay "Perchance to Dream" bemoaned the state of contemporary literature. Oprah Winfrey's book club selection in 2001 of The Corrections led to a much publicized feud with the talk show host.
Peter Nickles
Peter John Nickles (born September 26, 1938) is an American attorney who served as Attorney General of the District of Columbia from 2008 to 2011. He was previously General Counsel to Mayor Adrian Fenty from the time he took office in January 2007 and a litigator at Covington & Burling from 1963 to 2006. He left office in 2011 to return to Covington.

Attorney General for the District of Columbia
The Attorney General for the District of Columbia is the chief legal officer of the District of Columbia. The position has been elected by popular vote of D.C. residents since 2015. The current attorney general is Brian Schwalb, who has served since January 2, 2023.

Due to D.C.'s unique status as a federal enclave and not part of a state, the attorney general's position is unique, and shares some similarities with other states' attorneys general, some with local prosecutors and some with municipal legal departments.

The attorney general enforces many of the district's laws, provides advice and counsel the local government and departments, and assists consumers and others in the district. He is responsible for prosecuting juvenile criminal law and some misdemeanor crimes for adults, but adult felonies and other prosecutions are handled by the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, a federal Department of Justice official who is appointed by and reports to the president.
Rochefort, Charente-Maritime
Rochefort (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʃfɔʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròchafòrt), unofficially Rochefort-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʃfɔʁ syʁ mɛʁ]; Occitan: Ròchafòrt de Mar) for disambiguation, is a city and commune in Southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a subprefecture of the Charente-Maritime department, located in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2015: Poitou-Charentes).

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
Orthe (Thessaly)
Orthe (Greek: Ὄρθη) was a town of Perrhaebia in ancient Thessaly. mentioned by Homer as ruled by Polypoetes in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. It was said by Strabo to have become the acropolis of Phalanna. It occurs, however, in the lists of Pliny the Elder as a distinct town from Phalanna. Some modern scholars accept the equivalence, while others only do so tentatively.

Perrhaebia
Perrhaebia (Greek: Περραιβία) was the northernmost district of ancient Thessaly, where the tribe of the Perrhaebi lived. Major cities were: Pythion, Doliche, Azorus, Oloosson and Phalanna the capital. Perrhaebia was part of Macedonia between the 4th and 1st centuries BC.
Wendy Fitzwilliam
Wendy Marcelle Fitzwilliam (born 4 October 1972) is a Trinidadian lawyer, actress, model, singer, tv host and beauty queen who won Miss Trinidad and Tobago Universe 1998 and became the second Miss Universe in history from Trinidad and Tobago. Miss Universe 1998 is also the third woman of African heritage to win the beauty pageant.

Miss Trinidad and Tobago
Miss Trinidad and Tobago is a national beauty pageant that has been held annually since 1954. The contest is meant to select a suitable delegate from the twin island republic, to compete in the Miss World pageant. The nation has one Miss World, Miss World 1986, Giselle Laronde.
Hermitage, Louisiana
Hermitage was the name of a community located in southeastern Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community was located along the Mississippi River, near the Pointe Coupee - West Baton Rouge Parish line.

West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana
West Baton Rouge Parish (French: Paroisse de Bâton Rouge Ouest, Spanish: Parroquia del Oeste de Baton Rouge) is one of the sixty-four parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Established in 1807, its parish seat is Port Allen. With a 2020 census population of 27,199 residents, West Baton Rouge Parish is part of the Baton Rouge metropolitan statistical area.

The parish has a highly rated school system, and is one of the few in Louisiana that has privatized school bus services. West Baton Rouge saw a very small percentage of growth after Hurricane Katrina. According to an estimate of July 2018, the parish's population was 26,427.
Narong Pipathanasai
Narong Pipathanasai (Thai: ณรงค์ พิพัฒนาศัย; born 7 October 1953) is a former Thai naval officer. He served as commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Navy from 1 October 2013 to 30 September 2014. Kraison Chansuwanit was appointed as his successor. He then served as a Minister of Education in the first cabinet of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha.

Kraison Chansuwanit
Kraison Chansuwanit (Thai: ไกรสร จันทร์สุวานิชย์, born 14 September 1955) is a former Thai naval officer. He served as commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Navy from 1 October 2014 to 30 September 2015. Na Arreenich was appointed as his successor.
2009–10 Zimbabwean cricket season
The 2009–10 Zimbabwean cricket season consists of international matches played by the Zimbabwe national cricket team as well as Zimbabwean domestic cricket matches under the auspices of Zimbabwe Cricket.

Having been suspended from Test cricket since 2005, Zimbabwe entered the 2009–10 ICC Intercontinental Cup, a first-class cricket competition competed for by the leading non-Test nations.  They drew their first match of the competition against Afghanistan, before beating Kenya in their second.  In One Day International cricket, Zimbabwe competed in four series, beating Kenya at home, but losing all three series away from home, against Bangladesh, South Africa and the West Indies.

Domestically, a new five-team franchise system was introduced upon the recommendation of the International Cricket Council (ICC). The Logan Cup was won by the Mashonaland Eagles, while both one-day competitions were won by the Mountaineers.

Mashonaland Eagles
The Mashonaland Eagles is one of five cricket Zimbabwean cricket franchises. They are based in the Harare Metropolitan and Mashonaland Central area and play both first-class and limited overs cricket.  They play their home matches at Harare Sports Club in Harare.
Hideo Hosono
Hideo Hosono (細野秀雄, Hosono Hideo; born September 7, 1953) is a Japanese material scientist most known for the discovery of iron-based superconductors.

Hosono, Hideki Shirakawa and Yoshinori Ohsumi are the three keynote speakers at the Institute of Integrated Research (IIR) founding lecture at the Institute of Science Tokyo.

Yoshinori Ohsumi
Yoshinori Ohsumi (大隅 良典, Ōsumi Yoshinori; born February 9, 1945) is a Japanese cell biologist specializing in autophagy, the process that cells use to destroy and recycle cellular components.

Ohsumi is a professor at Institute of Science Tokyo's Institute of Innovative Research. He received the Kyoto Prize for Basic Sciences in 2012, the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the 2017 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy.
Owlerton Stadium
Owlerton Stadium, also known as Sheffield Stadium, is a purpose-built speedway stadium built in 1929, which hosts greyhound racing five-times a week. The track is in Owlerton near Hillsborough in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. Greyhound racing takes place on Friday and Saturday evenings and every Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday afternoon. There is a modern glass-fronted Panorama Restaurant accommodating up to 300 people, executive suites, fast food facilities and a number of bars.

The stadium is also home to the Sheffield Tigers Speedway team and hosts BriSCA Formula One stock car racing events. Speedway takes place on a Thursday evening and the stadium has a total capacity for 4,000 spectators.

It is operated by the A & S Leisure Group, the majority shareholder of which is Dave Allen. Allen was previously the chairman of football team Sheffield Wednesday who play at the nearby Hillsborough Stadium, which coincidentally was originally named Owlerton Stadium.

Stock car racing in the United Kingdom
Stock car racing in the United Kingdom covers a number of different oval racing formulas.

The most notable difference between British Stock car racing and other nations is that contact is allowed in certain UK formula, that is, if you are unable to pass an opponent using speed alone, you are allowed to push or hit your opponent in order to pass. The degree of contact allowed varies from so called "nudge and spin" racing to "full contact" where drivers are permitted to drive their opponents directly into the walls of the raceway.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1991–1995
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly who served in the 50th parliament held their seats from 1991 to 1995. They were elected at the 1991 state election, and at by-elections. The Speaker was Kevin Rozzoli.

Kevin Rozzoli
Kevin Richard Rozzoli AM (born 13 September 1939) is a former New South Wales politician, lawyer and watchmaker and jeweller. He was a Liberal Party of Australia member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1973 until 2003, representing the electorate of Hawkesbury and serving as Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party and Deputy Opposition Leader from 1981 to 1983 and as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly from 1988 to 1995, during the Greiner and John Fahey governments.
Night vision
Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions, either naturally with scotopic vision or through a night-vision device. Night vision requires both sufficient spectral range and sufficient intensity range. Humans have poor night vision compared to many animals such as cats, dogs, foxes and rabbits, in part because the human eye lacks a tapetum lucidum, tissue behind the retina that reflects light back through the retina thus increasing the light available to the photoreceptors. The trade-off of night vision adaptation is less color clarity and detail (an adaptation the human eye excels at); an almost 'greyish' perception in bright daylight.

Scotopic vision
In the study of visual perception, scotopic vision (or scotopia) is the vision of the eye under low-light conditions. The term comes from the Greek skotos, meaning 'darkness', and -opia, meaning 'a condition of sight'. In the human eye, cone cells are nonfunctional in low visible light. Scotopic vision is produced exclusively through rod cells, which are most sensitive to wavelengths of around 498 nm (blue-green) and are insensitive to wavelengths longer than about 640 nm. Under scotopic conditions, light incident on the retina is not encoded in terms of the spectral power distribution. Higher visual perception occurs under scotopic vision as it does under photopic vision.
Talode Assembly constituency
Talode (formerly Taloda) Vidhan Sabha seat was one of the constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha, in India. It was a segment of Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency. Talode seat existed until the 2004 elections.

Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency
Nandurbar is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. Presently, four of its Vidhan Sabha segments are located in Nandurbar district, while the other two segments are located in Dhule district.
2024 ATP Finals
The 2024 ATP Finals (also known as the 2024 Nitto ATP Finals for Nitto sponsorship) was a men's tennis year-end tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Inalpi Arena in Turin, Italy, from 10 to 17 November 2024. It was the season-ending event for the highest-ranked singles players and doubles teams on the 2024 ATP Tour. This was the 55th edition of the tournament (50th in doubles), and the fourth time Turin hosted the ATP Tour year-end championships.

ATP rankings
The PIF ATP Rankings (previously known as the Pepperstone ATP Rankings) are the merit-based method used by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for determining the qualification for entry as well as the seeding of players in all singles and doubles tournaments. The first rankings for singles were published on 23 August 1973 while the doubles players were ranked for the first time on 1 March 1976. Ranking points are awarded according to the stage of tournament reached, and the prestige of the tournament, with the four Grand Slam tournaments awarding the most points. The rankings are updated every Monday, and points are dropped 52 weeks after being awarded (with the exception of the ATP Finals, from which points are dropped on the Monday following the last ATP Tour event of the following year). As of February 27,
2026, Carlos Alcaraz is the current men's singles world No. 1.