hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdus Salam Library
The Abdus Salam Library is the largest academic and research library of Imperial College London. The current library opened in August 1969, taking over from the original Lyon Playfair Library which opened in 1959. The collection grew out of earlier libraries of the various departments and colleges; the oldest dates back to 1845.: 18  Formerly known as the Central Library, it is one of 7 libraries at Imperial with its collection covering all of the university's research departments. It is situated on Queen's Lawn next to Imperial College Road, and across from Queen's Tower.

Royal School of Mines
The Royal School of Mines comprises the departments of Earth Science and Engineering, and Materials at Imperial College London. The Centre for Advanced Structural Ceramics and parts of the London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Bioengineering are also housed within the building. The school as an organisation no longer exists, having been incorporated into the Faculty of Engineering since 2003. Today the Royal School of Mines refers to both the departments associated with the former school, and the Grade II listed Edwardian building by Sir Aston Webb, which is viewed as a classic of academic architecture. The building and relevant student union still carry the name.
Al-Difaa Al-Madani SC
Al-Difaa Al-Madani Sport Club (Arabic: نادي الدفاع المدني الرياضي, lit. 'Civil Defense SC'), was an Iraqi football team based in Al-Shaab, Baghdad, that played in the Iraqi First Division League and Iraq FA Cup.

The club was dissolved by the Ministry of Interior in 2023.

2015–16 Iraq FA Cup
The 2015–16 Iraq FA Cup was the 27th edition of the Iraqi knockout football cup as a club competition, the main domestic cup in Iraqi football. It was the second edition held after the 2002–03 edition, although the 2012–13 one was abandoned.

At first, thirty-nine teams were set to participate in the competition, but after the withdrawals of many of the Iraqi Premier League teams, only days before the Round of 32, clubs including Al-Shorta, Al-Talaba, Al-Hudood, Al-Sinaa, Naft Maysan, Al-Najaf, Zakho, and Al-Kahrabaa, a total of twelve teams from the Iraqi Premier League and nineteen from Iraqi First Division League ended up participating. It began on 5 October 2015 and ended on 29 May 2016 with the final at the Al-Shaab Stadium in Baghdad.

The winner of the competition was Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya who won their fourth cup by defeating record winners Al-Zawraa 2–0 in the final. Therefore, they qualified for the 2017 AFC Cup.
Cleveland Commercial Railroad
The Cleveland Commercial Railroad (CCR) is a shortline railroad which operates in Cuyahoga County in Ohio in the United States. Founded as a freight-only railroad in 2004, it leases and has trackage rights on lines owned by the Norfolk Southern and the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway. It also operates an industrial switching railroad at the Port of Cleveland.

Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway (1990)
The Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway (reporting mark WE) is a Class II regional railroad that provides freight service, mainly in the areas of Northern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. It took its name from the former Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway, most of which it bought from the Norfolk and Western Railway in 1990.
Welford Road Stadium
Welford Road (currently known as Mattioli Woods Welford Road for sponsorship reasons) is a rugby union stadium in Leicester, England, and is the home ground of Leicester Tigers. The ground was opened on 10 September 1892 and is located between Aylestone Road and Welford Road on the southern edge of the city centre. The ground was developed in two main periods: either side of World War I stands were built on both sides, and then between 1995 and 2016 both ends were developed and the north side redeveloped. The stadium has a capacity of 25,849, making it the largest purpose-built club rugby union ground in England. It hosted five full England national team matches between 1902 and 1923, and staged a single match at both the 1991 and 1999 Rugby World Cups.

Nottingham Building Society
Nottingham Building Society is a building society in the UK, with its headquarters in Nottingham, England. It is a member of the Building Societies Association. At December 2024, the Society had total assets of more than £5 billion.
Tywyn
Tywyn (/ˈtaʊ.ɪn/; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈtəu̯ɨn]), formerly spelled Towyn, is a town, community, and seaside resort on the Cardigan Bay coast of southern Gwynedd, Wales. It was previously in the historic county of Merionethshire. It is famous as the location of the Cadfan Stone, a stone cross with the earliest known example of written Welsh, and the home of the Talyllyn Railway.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Gold Lake (Nova Scotia)
Gold Lake is a glacial lake in Halifax County, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is connected to Big Ass Lake by an unnamed stream. The lake includes a stillwater area known as Gold Lake Stillwater and an associated brook called Gold Lake Brook. The lake is 59.15 kilometres (36.75 mi) from Halifax, and 56.09 kilometres (34.85 mi) from Truro.  The lake was named on December 12, 1939.

Moose River Gold Mines
Moose River Gold Mines is a Canadian rural community located in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality. It is at the junction of Moose River Road and Mooseland Road. No numbered highways run through Moose River Gold Mines. Gold was discovered in the area in 1866 and mining started in the 1870s. Interest waned around 1900 but rose in the 1930s. The community gained international attention in 1936 when three men were trapped in the mine.
Alveolar soft part sarcoma
Alveolar soft part sarcoma, abbreviated ASPS, is a very rare type of soft-tissue sarcoma, that grows slowly and whose cell of origin is unknown.

ASPS arises mainly in children and young adults and can migrate (metastasize) into other parts of the body, typically the lungs and the brain. Typically, ASPS arises in muscles and deep soft tissue of the thigh or the leg (lower extremities), but can also appear in the upper extremities (hands, neck, and head). While ASPS is a soft tissue sarcoma, it can also spread and grow inside the bones.

Soft-tissue sarcoma
A soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is a malignant tumor, a type of cancer, that develops in soft tissue. A soft-tissue sarcoma is often a painless mass that grows slowly over months or years. They may be superficial or deep-seated. Any such unexplained mass must be diagnosed by biopsy. Treatment may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. Bone sarcomas are the other class of sarcomas.

There are many different types, many of which are rarely found. The World Health Organization lists more than fifty subtypes.
Georg Schmitt
Johann Georg Gerhard Schmitt (11 March 1821 – 7 December 1900), in French Jean-Georges Gérard Schmitt, was a Paris-based composer and organist, originally from the Prussian Lower Rhine province. He was only 14 when he took over as organist at Trier Cathedral: the position had fallen vacant three years earlier through the early death of the previous incumbent, his father.

Cecilian Movement
The Cecilian Movement for church music reform began in Germany in the second half of the 1800s as a reaction to the liberalization of the Enlightenment.

The Cecilian Movement received great impetus from Regensburg, where Franz Xaver Haberl had a world-renowned school for church musicians. Their theoretical ideas were formulated by Ludwig Tieck, Friedrich and August Wilhelm Schlegel, Johann Michael Sailer, E. T. A. Hoffmann, and Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut.
'Aliabad
The town of 'Aliabad (علی‌آباد) is the center of Ali abad District in Kunduz Province, Northern Afghanistan. It is situated in the central part of the district at 425 m altitude on the main road between Kunduz and Baghlan. Aliabad has one hospital and is located in an area of rainfed cropland. The town is located on the Kunduz River.

On 12 June 2021, Taliban forces captured the village as part of their nationwide military offensive.

Kunduz
Kunduz, also written as Qunduz, is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Kunduz Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Kunduz District and has an estimated population of 413,996 people as of September 2025.
Mawlavi Gul Mohammad Elyas is the mayor of the city.

Kunduz has a domestic airport and an industrial park, including a growing number of public parks, markets, hospitals, mosques, universities, guesthouses and restaurants. The Kunduz University is located in the middle part of the city.

Kunduz is in the historical Tokharistan region of Bactria, near the confluence of the Kunduz River with the Khanabad River. The city is linked by a road network with Imam Sahib to the north, Taloqan to the east, Baghlan to the south, Mazar-i-Sharif to the west, and Sher Khan Bandar to the northwest. Many foreign tourists coming from Tajikistan pass through the city.
Kings West (New Brunswick electoral district)
Kings West was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. The riding consisted of the towns of Hampton, Rothesay and Quispamsis, and their surroundings.

The district was created in 1973, when the multi-member district Kings was subdivided into Kings Centre, Kings East and Kings West. In 1994, it was split again to create the districts of Hampton-Belleisle, Kennebecasis, and Saint John-Kings.

Kings (New Brunswick provincial electoral district)
Kings was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It used a bloc voting system to elect candidates. It was abolished with the 1973 electoral redistribution, when the province moved to single-member ridings.
NGC 7759
NGC 7759 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Aquarius. It is located about 340 million light-years (100 megaparsecs) away from the Sun. It was discovered independently by American astronomers Lewis A. Swift and Francis Preserved Leavenworth.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Kasegan-e Sofla
Kasegan-e Sofla (Persian: كاسگان سفلي, also Romanized as Kāsegān-e Soflá; also known as Kāsegān-e Pā’īn) is a village in Vardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 203, in 38 families.

Vardasht Rural District
Vardasht Rural District (Persian: دهستان وردشت) is in Vardasht District of Semirom County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Varaq. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Fathabad.
ROKS Sokcho
ROKS Sokcho (PCC-778) is a South Korean Pohang-class corvette of the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN). It was in the vicinity at the time of the sinking of ROKS Cheonan and is reported to have fired shots at a possible target that it identified at that time. Sokcho was decommissioned on 30 December 2022.

Pohang-class corvette
The Pohang-class PCC (Patrol Combat Corvette) (Korean: 포항급 초계함, Hanja: 浦項級哨戒艦) is the low-end complement of the high-low mix domestic naval construction plan of the Republic of Korea Navy under the 1st Yulgok Project (1974-1986) for the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. It was originally planned as a Batch II production of Donghae-class corvette, but many changes on overall design, notably applying the hull design of Ulsan-class frigate, reclassified the ship to its own class. The ship is designed for patrolling maritime border, including the Northern Limit Line, protecting the littoral zone, and combating the North Korean vessels.

Since 1984, a total of 24 Pohang-class corvettes were commissioned in the Republic of Korea Navy. The decommission of the class started in 2009, and is being replaced with series of FFX program. As of January 2023, 5 remain in service in the ROKN, and 7 were transferred to other navies.
Gmina Krzepice
Gmina Krzepice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzepice, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) west of Kłobuck and 82 km (51 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 78.81 square kilometres (30.4 sq mi), and in 2019 its total population was 9,150.

Krzepice
Krzepice pronounced [kʂɛˈpʲit͡sɛ] is a town in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland It is located near Częstochowa in the historic region of Lesser Poland near the historic border with Silesia and Greater Poland.
Daro, Sindh
Daro or Darro is a small town in the Sujawal District of Sindh, Pakistan.

It is a union administration of tehsil Mirpur Bathoro, a small thickly-populated town situated on the left bank of Pinjari Canal of Ghulam Muhammad (Kotri Barrage) about 10 km to the east of Mirpur Bathoro, Sujawal District, Sindh, Pakistan. Daro is surrounded by agricultural land. The town experiences a hot and humid climate, typical of the region, making it suitable for the cultivation of various crops.

Daro's education system consists of two primary schools. Additionally, it has two segregated higher secondary schools, namely Government Boys Higher Secondary School Daro and Government Girls Higher Secondary School Daro.

Mirpur Bathoro Tehsil
Mirpur Bathoro Tehsil (Sindhi: ميرپور بٺورو) is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Sujawal District. Previously it was in Thatta District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Its capital is the city of Thatta.
Teiskontie
Teiskontie is a street and highway in Tampere, Finland. As its name implies, it runs from the center of Tampere towards Teisko, a former municipality connected to Tampere in 1972. To the east of the highway junction of Hervanta, it is part of Highway 12 leading in the direction of Lahti and Kouvola. On the east side of Lake Alasjärvi, Teiskontie has a connection to Highway 9 (E63) leading in the direction of Jyväskylä and Kuopio.

Teiskontie starts at the intersection of Itsenäisyydenkatu, Kalevan puistotie and Sammonkatu in the Liisankallio district. It runs through Kaleva as a wide esplanade with residential apartment buildings and commercial premises. To the east, Teiskontie runs between several districts: Kauppi and Niihama border to the north, Kissanmaa, Ruotula, Takahuhti and Pappila to the south.

The tram leading from the center of Tampere to the University Hospital runs part of the journey on Teiskontie and there are two stops along it. Tram traffic began in August 2021.

Finnish national road 9
The Finnish national road 9 (Finnish: Valtatie 9, Swedish: Riksväg 9) is a main route. It runs from Turku through Loimaa, Tampere, Jämsä, Jyväskylä, Kuopio, Outokumpu and Joensuu to the Niirala border guard station in Tohmajärvi, right next to the Russian border. The length of the road is 663 kilometres (412 mi).

Apart from the short section right near the center of Turku, highway 9 from Turku to Vuorela of Siilinjärvi is also part of the European route E63, which continues from Kuopio via Kajaani and Kuusamo to Sodankylä. In the case of Jyväskylä, the highway is known as the four-lane Vaajakoski Motorway (Finnish: Vaajakosken moottoritie). The road belongs to the main roads defined by the Ministry of Transport and Communications and to the Trans-European road network.
Saint Francis Red Flash football
The Saint Francis Red Flash football program represents the intercollegiate football team for Saint Francis University (SFU). Through the 2025 season, the team competed in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) as a member of the Northeast Conference. The school's first football team was fielded in 1892.: 64  The team plays its home games at the 3,500-seat DeGol Field. They are coached by Chris Villarrial.

In July 2026, SFU will start a transition to NCAA Division III as a new member of the Presidents' Athletic Conference.

DeGol Field
DeGol Field is a  multi-purpose stadium in Loretto, Pennsylvania, with a seating capacity of 3,450. It is home to the Saint Francis University Red Flash football, field hockey, lacrosse and track and field teams.  The facility opened in 2006. It replaced the Pine Bowl that was built in 1979.
Abraham Cronbach
Abraham Cronbach (February 15, 1882 – April 2, 1965) was an American rabbi and teacher, known as a pacifist.  He served as a rabbi for congregations in Indiana and Ohio.  Cronbach was one of the founders of the Peace Heroes Memorial Society.

Union for Reform Judaism
The Union for Reform Judaism (URJ), formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC) until 2003, founded in 1873 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise, is the congregational arm of Reform Judaism in North America. The other two arms established by Rabbi Wise are the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion and the Central Conference of American Rabbis. The current president of the URJ is Rabbi Rick Jacobs.

The URJ has an estimated constituency of some 880,000 registered adults in 819 congregations. It claims to represent 2.2 million, as over a third of adult American Jews, including many who are not synagogue members, state affinity with Reform, making it the largest Jewish denomination.  The UAHC was a founding member of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, of which the URJ is the largest constituent by far.
Wabash Railroad
The Wabash Railroad (reporting mark WAB) was a Class I railroad that operated in the mid-central United States. It served a large area, including track in the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, and Missouri and the province of Ontario. Its primary connections included Chicago, Illinois; Kansas City, Missouri; Detroit, Michigan; Buffalo, New York; St. Louis, Missouri; and Toledo, Ohio.

The Wabash's major freight traffic advantage was the direct line from Kansas City to Detroit, without going through St. Louis or Chicago. Despite being merged into the Norfolk and Western Railway (N&W) in 1964, the Wabash company continued to exist on paper until the N&W merged into the Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) in 1982.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Braided Hopf algebra
In mathematics, a braided Hopf algebra is a Hopf algebra in a braided monoidal category. The most common braided Hopf algebras are objects in a Yetter–Drinfeld category of a Hopf algebra H, particularly the Nichols algebra of a braided vector space in that category.

The notion should not be confused with quasitriangular Hopf algebra.

Coalgebra
In mathematics, coalgebras or cogebras are structures that are dual (in the category-theoretic sense of reversing arrows) to unital associative algebras. The axioms of unital associative algebras can be formulated in terms of commutative diagrams. Turning all arrows around, one obtains the axioms of coalgebras.
Every coalgebra, by (vector space) duality, gives rise to an algebra, but not in general the other way. In finite dimensions, this duality goes in both directions (see below).

Coalgebras occur naturally in a number of contexts (for example, representation theory, universal enveloping algebras and group schemes).

There are also F-coalgebras, with important applications in computer science.
Sofia Lisboa
Sofia Lisboa (born 1977) is a Portuguese singer.

She was born in France to Portuguese emigrants, but she came back with her family to Leiria, Portugal, in 1988, where she completed her secondary education. She also studied at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon. She was the backing and supporting vocalist for Silence 4 during their active years, from 1996 to 2001. She provided a sensitive counterpart to David Fonseca's vocals. After the band's demise, she's been involved in other musical projects. After surviving cancer, the band decided to reunite once again for a series of concerts, in 2013 and 2014, where she performed once again with them.

She published her memoir, Nunca Desistas de Viver (2014).

David Fonseca
David Fonseca (Portuguese pronunciation: [dɐˈvið fõˈsekɐ], born on 14 June 1973, in Leiria) is a Portuguese musician, singer-songwriter, and photographer. As a musician, he plays several instruments, including acoustic guitar and organ. He is recognized for his successful music career as a member of Silence 4 and, since 2003, as a solo artist. He is also responsible for the graphic design of his album covers and the art direction on his video clips. Between 2004 and 2006, he was also part of the Humanos tribute project.
NGC 2536
NGC 2536 is a barred spiral galaxy  in the constellation Cancer. It was discovered on 22 January 1877 by French astronomer Édouard Stephan.

NGC 2536 has a prominent inner ring structure encircling the bar that is interacting with NGC 2535.  The two galaxies are listed together as Arp 82 in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as an example of a spiral galaxy with a high surface brightness companion.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.