hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methanol dehydrogenase (cytochrome c)
Methanol dehydrogenase (cytochrome c) (EC 1.1.2.7, methanol dehydrogenase, MDH) is an enzyme with systematic name methanol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

a primary alcohol + 2 ferricytochrome cL  an aldehyde + 2 ferrocytochrome cL + 2 H+

A periplasmic quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase is only present in methylotrophic bacteria.

Methylotroph
Methylotrophs  are a diverse group of microorganisms that can use reduced one-carbon compounds, such as methanol or methane, as the carbon source for their growth; and multi-carbon compounds that contain no carbon-carbon bonds, such as dimethyl ether and dimethylamine. This group of microorganisms also includes those capable of assimilating reduced one-carbon compounds by way of carbon dioxide using the ribulose bisphosphate pathway.  These organisms should not be confused with methanogens which on the contrary produce methane as a by-product from various one-carbon compounds such as carbon dioxide.
Some methylotrophs can degrade the greenhouse gas methane, and in this case they are called methanotrophs. The abundance, purity, and low resource cost of methanol compared to commonly used sugars make methylotrophs competent organisms for production of amino acids, vitamins, recombinant proteins, single-cell proteins, co-enzymes and cytochromes.
No. 75 Wing RAAF
No. 75 Wing was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) wing that operated during World War II. It was formed in October 1943 at Townsville, Queensland, under North-Eastern Area Command. The wing soon deployed to Horn Island to take control of RAAF units based there and at Thursday Island and Cape York Peninsula. Responsible for air defence and maritime patrol in the Torres Strait, No. 75 Wing's flying units operated P-40 Kittyhawk fighters, Bristol Beaufort reconnaissance bombers, and A-31 Vengeance dive bombers. The wing was disbanded in August 1944.

George Odgers
George James Odgers (29 March 1916 – 2008) was an Australian soldier, journalist and military historian. Odgers served in the Australian Army as a private soldier and non-commissioned officer; and later in the Royal Australian Air Force becoming a group captain. He was one of the authors of the official history of Australia in World War II, Australia in the War of 1939–1945.
Gaius Porcius Cato (consul 114 BC)
Gaius Porcius Cato (before 157 BC – after 109 BC in Tarraco) was a Roman politician and general, notably consul in 114 BC. He was the son of Marcus Porcius Cato Licinianus and grandson of Cato the Censor.

Initially a friend of the Gracchi brothers, Gaius betrayed Gaius Gracchus in the late 120s BC. He became consul in 114, but was crushed by the Scordisci in Thrace. His defeat led to a religious hysteria at Rome, and he was sentenced to pay a fine at his return. He was sued again in 109 before the Mamilian commission, which investigated possible bribes received by Roman politicians from the Numidian King Jugurtha. In fact the commission's members were former supporters of the Gracchi and made Gaius pay for his betrayal by forcing him into exile. Gaius left for Tarraco (modern Tarragona) in Spain, and became a citizen of that town.

Erich S. Gruen
Erich Stephen Gruen (/ˈɡruːən/ GROO-ən, German: [ˈɡʁuːən]; born May 7, 1935) is an American classicist and ancient historian.  He was the Gladys Rehard Wood Professor of History and Classics at the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught full-time from 1966 until 2008. He served as president of the American Philological Association in 1992.
1998 Vuelta a Asturias
The 1998 Vuelta a Asturias was the 42nd edition of the Vuelta a Asturias road cycling stage race, which was held from 12 May to 17 May 1998. The race started in Gijón and finished in Oviedo. The race was won by Laurent Jalabert of the ONCE team.

Vuelta a Asturias
Vuelta Asturias is a professional cycle road race held in Spain in early May each year. The event was first run in 1925 but has not been held consistently until 1968 to present. Since 2005, the race has been organised as a 2.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

On 25 April 2014, the Vuelta Asturias was suspended one week before its start due to the lack of funds and sponsors. The race returned in 2015, when a two-stage edition was won by Igor Antón (Movistar Team).
Präsident
The Präsident was an automobile manufactured by the Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriks-Gesellschaft (Nesselsdorf or NW), since 1919 Tatra, in 1897. It was the first practical, factory-produced petrol engine automobile built in Central and Eastern Europe (Siegfried Marcus's earlier cars were experimental and not practical). It was constructed by Leopold Sviták and Hans Ledwinka. The automobile was more of a carriage without horses than a car in modern sense. The car is steered via handlebars (while most of the cars of the era had a tiller). The wooden bodywork is placed on an iron frame. It has four seats and a convertible top that would cover only the rear seats. Both axles have suspension of semi-elliptical leaf springs. The wheels were similar to the ones of a horse carriage, but had rubber tyres. The car had a two cylinder spark ignition Benz engine placed by the rear axle.

Tatra 20
Nesselsdorf (NW) type T was a luxury car. As the company changed its name the model was renamed to Tatra 20 in 1919. It was successor to the highly successful model NW type S. It was made at the same time as NW type U until 1925, when both of the models were replaced by Tatra 17. It is currently a vintage model, with only three examples known to exist. BMW owns one, while another is owned by a U.S. car collector.
Army of the Alps
The Army of the Alps (Armée des Alpes) was one of the French Revolutionary armies.  It existed from 1792–1797 and from July to August 1799, and the name was also used on and off until 1939 for France's army on its border with Italy.

Ardèche
Ardèche (French pronunciation: [aʁdɛʃ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ardecha, pronounced [aɾˈdet͡ʃɔ]; Arpitan: Ardecha) is a department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. It is named after the river Ardèche and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019. Its prefecture is in Privas, but its largest city is Annonay.
Jan Vincents Johannessen
Jan Vincents Johannessen (born 25 May 1941) is a Norwegian physician, cancer researcher, hospital director, painter, text writer and composer.

He was born in Kristiansand. He is known for his research on cancer, and has published books on diagnostics by the use of electron microscopy. He has served as manager of the Norwegian Radium Hospital. He was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1994. He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.

Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences
The Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (Norwegian: Norges Tekniske Vitenskapsakademi, NTVA) is a learned society based in Trondheim, Norway.

The academy was founded in Trondheim in 1955. the academy has about 290 fellows under the age of 65 and a total of 730 members. King Harald is the academy's high protector, in recognition of the academy's importance to society.

It is a member of the International Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences (CAETS) and of the European Council of Applied Sciences and Engineering (Euro-CASE).

NTVA is one of four learned societies in Norway. The others are Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters and Agder Vitenskapsakademi.
Aviakor
OJSC Aviakor (Russian: ОАО Авиако́р) is an aviation plant located in Samara, Russia. It is part of the JSC Russian Machines holding under control of the financial industrial group Basic Element  owned by Oleg Deripaska. 
Aviakor constructs, repairs, maintenances, and supplies spare parts for passenger aircraft the Antonov An-140 and Tupolev Tu-154.
Launch of An-140 serial production on Aviakor reinforced the creation of the "International Aircraft project-140"(Russian: Международный авиационный проект-140) in collaboration with Kharkiv State Aircraft Manufacturing Company (KSAMC). The joint enterprise was founded on 15 September  2003 upon mutual agreement of Konstantin Titov, Governor of Samara region, and Pavlo Naumenko, General Director of KSAMC

The company owns Bezymyanka Airport.

Basic Element (company)
Basic Element Ltd. (Russian: Ба́зовый элеме́нт, romanized: Bazovy element, IPA: [ˈbazəvɨj ɨlʲɪˈmʲent], or simply Базэл) is one of the largest diversified industrial groups in Russia. The company was founded in 1997 and is owned by Oleg Deripaska. It is based in the British tax haven of Jersey and is headquartered in Moscow. It was known as Siberian Aluminum until 2001.
Ancient Philosophy (journal)
Ancient Philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to the study of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy and science. Since 1980 it has published over 1,300 articles and reviews in this field. This journal has a Level 2 classification from the Publication Forum of the Federation of Finnish Learned Societies. and a SHERPA/RoMEO "green" self-archiving policy. It is edited by Ron Polansky in the Department of Philosophy at Duquesne University. It is published on behalf of Mathesis Publications by the Philosophy Documentation Center.

Philosophy Documentation Center
The Philosophy Documentation Center (PDC) is a non-profit publisher and resource center that provides access to scholarly materials in applied ethics, classics, philosophy, religious studies, and related disciplines. It publishes academic journals, conference proceedings, anthologies, and online research databases, often in cooperation with scholarly and professional associations. It also provides membership management and electronic publishing services, and hosts electronic journals, series, and other publications from several countries.
KHQA-TV
KHQA-TV (channel 7) is a television station licensed to Hannibal, Missouri, United States, serving the Quincy, Illinois–Hannibal, Missouri–Keokuk, Iowa market as an affiliate of CBS and ABC. The station is owned by Rincon Broadcasting Group, and maintains studios on South 36th Street in Quincy; its transmitter is located northeast of the city on Cannonball Road near I-172.

Rincon Broadcasting Group
Rincon Broadcasting Group LLC is an American broadcasting company based in Atlanta, Georgia. Rincon Broadcasting was founded in late 2024 by Todd Parkin, who serves as the company's president.  Previously, Parkin was a sales executive for FanDuel Sports Network and the former CEO of PBC Broadcasting from 2009 to 2013.
2007 NSW Premier League season
The 2007 NSW Premier League season was the seventh season of the revamped NSW Premier League.

The 2007 regular season began on 24 February 2007, at 16:00 UTC+10, and concluded on 5 August 2007 with the Grand Final where Blacktown City Demons FC defeated Bankstown City Lions FC 3–1.

During the course of the season, all Premier League, Super League and Division teams were involved in the TigerTurf Cup, an equivalent to the English FA Cup with teams competing in a series of elimination games.

National Premier Leagues NSW
The National Premier Leagues NSW is a semi-professional soccer competition in New South Wales, Australia. The competition is conducted by Football NSW, one of the two organising bodies in New South Wales (the other being the National Premier Leagues Northern NSW organised by Northern NSW Football). The league is a subdivision of the second tier National Premier Leagues (NPL), which sits below the national A-League. Prior to becoming a subdivision of the NPL in 2013, the league was previously known as the NSW Premier League.
1989–90 Kent Football League
The 1989–90 Kent Football League season (known as the Winstonlead Kent League for sponsorship reasons) was the twenty-fourth in the history of the Kent Football League, a football competition featuring teams based in and around the county of Kent in England.

The League structure comprised two divisions: Division One and Division Two with the latter known as the Reserves Section (reserves teams were not permitted in Division One). Additionally there were two league cup competitions: the Challenge Cup for the Division One clubs and another for the teams in Division Two.

Whitstable Town F.C.
Whitstable Town F.C. is a football club based in Whitstable, Kent, England.  The club was established in 1885 and joined the Kent League in 1950.  In the 2024–25 season, the team won the FA Vase. They were champions of the Kent League Premier Division in the 2006–07 season.  They are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Premier Division.
Ultra Jump
Ultra Jump (Japanese: ウルトラジャンプ, Hepburn: Urutora Janpu) is a Japanese monthly seinen manga magazine published by Shueisha under the Jump line of magazines. Originally, the magazine was a special issue of Weekly Young Jump which was first issued in 1995. On October 19, 1999, the special issue became the new monthly publication Ultra Jump. The manga titles serialized in the magazine are published in tankōbon volumes under the Young Jump Comics Ultra label.

Jump (magazine line)
Jump (ジャンプ, Janpu), also known as Jump Comics, is a line of manga anthologies (manga magazines) created by Shueisha. It began with Shōnen Jump manga anthology in 1968, later renamed Weekly Shōnen Jump. The origin of the name is unknown. The Jump anthologies are primarily intended for a teen male audiences, although the Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine has also been popular with the female demographic. Along with the line of manga anthologies, Shōnen Jump also includes a crossover media franchise, where there have been various Shōnen Jump themed crossover anime and video games (since Famicom Jump), which bring together various Shōnen Jump manga characters.
Theia (hypothetical planet)
Theia (/ˈθiːə/ THEE-uh) is a hypothesized ancient planet in the early Solar System which, according to the giant-impact hypothesis, collided with the proto-Earth around 4.5 billion years ago, with some of the resulting ejected debris re-coalescing to form the Moon. Collision simulations support the idea that the two large low-shear-velocity provinces in the Earth's lower mantle may be remnants of Theia. Theia is hypothesized to have been about the size of Mars and likely formed at the L4 or L5 Lagrange points of the Earth's orbit, although some hypotheses debatably suggested it may have formed in the Outer Solar System and later migrated into the Earth's orbit, and might have provided much of Earth's water.

Perturbation (astronomy)
In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subjected to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise misshapen body.
Drymaeus magus
Drymaeus magus, commonly known as the magician snail, is a species of  tropical air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Bulimulidae found in regions of southeastern Brazil. For nearly two centuries, this species was rarely revisited in scientific literature and was mysteriously absent from scientific collections, often being confused with other members of the genus Drymaeus. Recent studies have revealed that, although it has been poorly documented in the literature, the species is more common than previously thought.

Drymaeus
Drymaeus is a large genus of medium-sized, air-breathing tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs belonging to the subfamily Peltellinae  within the family Bulimulidae. It is one of the most species-rich genera among Neotropical land mollusks, comprising approximately 300 species distributed from Florida through Central and South America.
Abealzu-Filigosa culture
The Abealzu-Filigosa culture was a Copper Age culture of Sardinia (2700-2400 BC). It takes its name from the locality of Abealzu, near Osilo, and Filigosa, near Macomer.

The populations of this culture lived mainly in the Sassarese area and other parts of central-southern Sardinia. 
They still used obsidian to produce tools and weapons but copper objects, such as the daggers depicted in the Statue menhir, were becoming common. Lead and silver were also smelted. Their economy was focused on pastoralism and agriculture. They worshipped warrior ancestors and created megalithic monuments.  The second phase of construction of the massive megalithic temple of Monte d'Accoddi dates to this phase.

The pottery of Abealzu show some similarities with those of the Rinaldone and Gaudo culture from the Italian peninsula.

Megalith
A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. More than 35,000 megalithic structures have been identified across Europe, ranging geographically from Sweden in the north to the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

The word was first used in 1849 by the British antiquarian Algernon Herbert in reference to Stonehenge and derives from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone". Most extant megaliths were erected between the Neolithic period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age.
Martinho Campos
Martinho Campos is a Brazilian municipality located in the center of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 13,443 people living in a total area of 1,060 km2 (410 sq mi). The city belongs to the meso-region of Central Mineira and to the micro-region of Bom Despacho. It became a municipality in 1938.

Setubinha
Setubinha is a  municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.  As of 2020 the population was 12,378 in a total area of 536 km2 (207 sq mi). The elevation is 729 metres. It is part of the Immediate Geographic Region of Teófilo Otoni.

The economy is based on cattle raising and agriculture, with the main crops being coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and corn.  As of 2005 there were no hospitals and 3 public health clinics.  In 2006 there were 14 primary schools and 2 middle schools.
Pricilia Carla Yules
Pricilia Carla Saputri Yules, (born 8 July 1996) better known as Carla Yules, is an Indonesian beauty pageant titleholder who won the title of Miss Indonesia 2020 representing South Sulawesi.

Yules represented Indonesia at Miss World 2021, where and reached the top six, and also won the Miss World Asia & Oceania title. Yules is the fourth Indonesian to win the title and the tenth Indonesian to place as finalist in Miss World history.

Miss World 2016
Miss World 2016 was the 66th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the MGM National Harbor in Oxon Hill, Maryland, United States, on 18 December 2016.

Mireia Lalaguna of Spain crowned her successor Stephanie Del Valle of Puerto Rico at the end of the event. It was the second time the Miss World pageant was held in the United States, and the second time where Puerto Rico was crowned Miss World, after Wilnelia Merced in 1975.
Albert Toll
Albert Frederick Toll (1865–1960) was an English-born Australian businessman and politician who founded Australia and New Zealand's largest transport company, Toll Group (along with its subdivision, Toll NZ). He also served as mayor of Wickham, New South Wales.

He founded Toll in 1888, when he hauled coal with a horse and cart.

He was the father of Australian novelist Dora Birtles, and founding president of Lake Macquarie Yacht Club, Victor Toll. A street in the Lake Macquarie suburb Valentine, Albert Street, was named after him.

Toll Group
Toll Group is an Australian freight company that operates a logistics and global freight forwarding network spanning 150 countries, with over 20,000 customers. Toll has more than 16,000 workers across 500 sites. It is a subsidiary of Japan Post Service.
Don Richardson (missionary)
Don Richardson (June 23, 1935 – December 23, 2018) was a Canadian Christian missionary, teacher, author and international speaker who worked among people of Western New Guinea, Indonesia. He argued in his writings that, hidden among tribal cultures, there are usually some practices or understandings, which he calls "redemptive analogies", which can be used to illustrate the meaning of the Christian Gospel, contextualizing the biblical representation of the resurrection of Jesus.

Ruth Tucker
Ruth Anne Tucker (born July 17, 1945) is an American historian, author, and educator known for her scholarship on the history of Christianity, Christian missions, and the role of women in the church. She has taught at several evangelical institutions and authored numerous books addressing religious history, biblical equality, and contemporary faith issues.
Aesthetic–usability effect
The aesthetic–usability effect describes a paradox that people perceive more aesthetic designs as much more intuitive than those considered to be less aesthetically pleasing. It is an example of cognitive bias. The effect has been observed in several experiments and has significant implications regarding the acceptance, use, and performance of a design. Usability and aesthetics are the two most important factors in assessing the overall user experience for an application. Usability and aesthetics are judged by a user's reuse expectations, and then their post-use, or experienced, final judgement. A user's cognitive style can influence how they interact with and perceive an application, which in turn can influence their judgment of the application.

User experience
User experience (UX) is how a user interacts with and experiences a product, system, or service. It includes a person's perceptions of  utility, ease of use, and efficiency. Improving user experience is important to most companies, designers, and creators when creating and refining products because negative user experience can diminish the use of the product and, therefore, any desired positive impacts. Conversely, designing toward profitability as a main objective often conflicts with ethical user experience objectives and even causes harm. User experience is subjective. However, the attributes that make up the user experience are objective.
Bedek Stream
Bedek Stream (Bulgarian: Бедечки поток, romanized: Bedechki potok, IPA: [bɛˈdɛt͡ʃki poˈtɔk]) is the 3.2 km long stream on eastern Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica draining the lakes of Oread and Montemno. It flows northwards along the west side of Urvich Wall and the east side of Tsamblak Hill, crosses Robbery Beaches and empties into Barclay Bay just east of Sparadok Point. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

Bedek is a Thracian toponym preserved in the names of Big and Little Bedek Peaks, and Bedechka River in Central Bulgaria.

Sparadok Point
Sparadok Point (Bulgarian: нос Спарадок, ‘Nos Sparadok’ \'nos spa-ra-'dok\) is a sharp ice-free point projecting 200 m from the coast of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica with a shingle spit extending further 300 m northwards into Barclay Bay.  It is surmounted by Tsamblak Hill. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The point is named after the Thracian King Sparadok, 445-435 BC.
Fly to the Sky
Fly to the Sky (Korean: 플라이 투 더 스카이) is a South Korean R&B duo consisting of Brian Joo and Hwanhee. Initially marketed as K-pop idols, the duo later developed a more mature image and became one of the most popular R&B groups in South Korea. The duo has released nine studio albums since its debut in 1999.

SBS Gayo Daejeon
SBS Gayo Daejeon (Korean: SBS 가요대전, broadly SBS Battle of the Bands) is an annual televised music festival that is broadcast by the Seoul Broadcasting System at the end of each year. The program first aired in 1997, and awards were given to musical artists from 1997 to 2006. The awards ceremony portion of the festival was revived in 2014 and discontinued the following year.