hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
YARV
YARV (Yet another Ruby VM) is a bytecode interpreter that was developed for the Ruby programming language by Koichi Sasada. The goal of the project was to greatly reduce the execution time of Ruby programs.

Since YARV has become the official Ruby interpreter for Ruby 1.9, it is also named KRI (Koichi's Ruby Interpreter), in the same vein as the original Ruby MRI, named in honor of Ruby's creator Yukihiro Matsumoto.

Yukihiro Matsumoto
Yukihiro Matsumoto (まつもとゆきひろ, Matsumoto Yukihiro; born 14 April 1965), also known as Matz, is a Japanese computer scientist and software programmer. He is best known as the chief designer of the Ruby programming language and its original reference implementation, Matz's Ruby Interpreter (MRI).

As of 2011, Matsumoto is the Chief Architect of Ruby at Heroku, an online cloud platform-as-a-service in San Francisco. He is a fellow of the Rakuten Institute of Technology, a research and development organization within Rakuten Group, Inc. He was appointed to the role of technical advisor for VASILY, Inc. starting in June 2014.
Santuario del Santo Cristo
Santuario del Santo Cristo Parish, also known as the Church of San Juan del Monte, is a church and convento in San Juan, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Manila. The church was built in 1602–1604 by the Dominicans on land that was donated to the order. Both the church and convento were burnt and destroyed during the Chinese insurrection of 1639, and later rebuilt in 1641. It was again destroyed in July 1763 as Britain briefly occupied Manila during the Seven Years' War. The current church and convento were built in 1774, and used as a shelter by Katipuneros during the 1898 Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. It has since been renovated many times until the 1990s.

Pope Urban VIII granted approbation towards the shrine, notarized on March 4, 1648. The shrine is the seat of the Confraternity of the Most Holy Christ of Saint John of the Mountain (Spanish: Cofradia del Santísimo Cristo de San Juan del Monte).

Albertus Magnus
Albertus Magnus OP (c. 1200 – 15 November 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great, Albert of Swabia, Albert von Bollstadt, or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. He is considered one of the greatest medieval philosophers and thinkers.

Canonized in 1931, he was known during his lifetime as Doctor universalis and Doctor expertus; late in his life the sobriquet Magnus was appended to his name. Scholars such as James A. Weisheipl and Joachim R. Söder have referred to him as the greatest German philosopher and theologian of the Middle Ages. The Catholic Church distinguishes him as one of the Doctors of the Church.
Talk Normal
Talk Normal is an alternative/indie rock duo from Brooklyn, New York, consisting of Sarah Register and Andrya Ambro.  Their music has been compared to the No Wave movement of the 1980s; although both members have stated it was not a sound they intentionally tried to emulate.

Joyful Noise Recordings
Joyful Noise Recordings is an independent record label with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana. The label was founded in 2003 in Bloomington, Indiana by Karl Hofstetter, who also played drums on several of the label's first releases. Joyful Noise maintains an active roster of over 30 bands playing various musical styles, though according to the label, each artist "in one way or another bridges the gap between pop and noise."
Sarita Joshi
Sarita Joshi (née Bhosle) is an Indian actress. Cited amongst the finest and most significant actors of Gujarati and Marathi theatre, Joshi is known for her Gujarati plays done with her husband Pravin Joshi in the 1970s. She garnered widespread recognition for her role as the matriarch Godavari Thakkar in the Star Plus hit dramedy Baa Bahoo Aur Baby (2005–2010). In 1988, she was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Acting in Gujarati by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. In 2020, she has been awarded with Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award for her contribution in Art. She was recently seen in (2019) Zee TV's Hamari Bahu Silk as a hard-working business woman who hates films especially 'A' grade films. Sarita Joshi is currently seen on Anupama: Namaste America a prequel web series to Star Plus show Anupamaa.

She is currently playing the character of Radha Limaye aka Radha Tai/Kaku in Sony Sab's Pushpa Impossible.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Anog Ite
In Lakota mythology, Anúŋg Ité is a daughter of Škáŋ and wife of Tate.  She was tricked by Iktómi to  attempt to seduce Wi but failed when Škáŋ tells Wi that he has forgotten his wife. For attempting to undo the proper order and place herself in Hanwi's position and forgetting her own family, one of her two faces was made ugly as punishment.  She was the mother of the Four Winds and Yum, the whirlwind. Because she was separated from her children, she causes pains to pregnant woman and makes babies cry. She was also said to have taught the Lakota how to separate porcupine quills and dye them.

Iktomi
In Lakota mythology, Iktómi is a spider-trickster spirit, and a culture hero for the Lakota people. Alternate names for Iktómi include Ikto, Ictinike, Ksa , Inktomi, Unktome, and Unktomi. These names are due to the differences in languages between different indigenous nations, as this spider deity was known throughout many of North America's tribes.

His appearance is that of a spider, but he can take any shape, including that of a human. When he is a human he is said to wear red, yellow and white paint, with black rings around his eyes.
Großsiedlung Siemensstadt
The Siemensstadt Settlement (German: Großsiedlung Siemensstadt; also known as Ring Settlement or Ringsiedlung) is a nonprofit residential community in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district of Berlin.  It is one of the six Modernist Housing Estates in Berlin recognized in July 2008 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site because of their outstanding modernist architecture and contribution to the progressive housing reform movement during the Weimar Republic.

Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf (German: [ʃaʁˌlɔtn̩bʊʁk ˈvɪlmɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in an administrative reform with effect from 1 January 2001, by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf.
Oracle metadata
Oracle Database provides information about all of the tables, views, columns, and procedures in a database. This information about information is known as metadata. It is stored in two locations: data dictionary tables (accessed via built-in views) and a metadata registry.

Other relational database management systems support an ANSI-standard equivalent called information schema.

Oracle Database
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a proprietary multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.

It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. Oracle Database is available by several service providers on-premises, on-cloud, or as a hybrid cloud installation.  It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware (Exadata on-premises, on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer).

Oracle Database uses SQL for database updating and retrieval.
Franz Vinck
Franz Vinck or Frans Vinck (14 September 1827 – 17 October 1903) was a Belgian painter known for his history paintings, genre and Orientalist scenes and portraits.  He led a peripatetic life style and travelled and worked in many countries.

Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp)
The Royal Academy of Fine Arts Antwerp (Dutch: Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten van Antwerpen) is an art academy located in Antwerp, Belgium. It is one of the oldest of its kind in Europe. It was founded in 1663 by David Teniers the Younger, painter to the Archduke Leopold Wilhelm and Don Juan of Austria. Teniers was master of the Guild of St Luke—which embraced arts and some handicrafts—and petitioned Philip IV of Spain, then master of the Spanish Netherlands, to grant a royal charter to establish a Fine Arts Academy in Antwerp. It houses the Antwerp Fashion Academy.
Maixi Township, Sichuan
Maixi Township (Mandarin: 麦溪乡) is a township in Zoige, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China. In 2010, Maixi Township had a total population of 5,323: 2,684 males and 2,639 females: 1,475 aged under 14, 3,485 aged between 15 and 65 and 363 aged over 65.

Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture
Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, also known as Aba (Tibetan: རྔ་བ་བོད་རིགས་དང་ཆང་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ།, Wylie: rnga ba bod rigs cha'ang rigs rang skyong khul; Qiang: Rrmeabba Shbea Rrmea Nyujwju Gvexueaj Legea; simplified Chinese: 阿坝藏族羌族自治州; traditional Chinese: 阿壩藏族羌族自治州), is an autonomous prefecture of northwestern Sichuan, bordering Gansu to the north and northeast and Qinghai to the northwest. Its seat is in Barkam, and it has an area of 83,201 km2 (32,124 sq mi). The population was 895,200 by 2022.

The county of Wenchuan in Ngawa is the site of the epicenter of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, in which over 20,000 of its residents died and 40,000 were injured.
Micro-pulling-down
The micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method is a crystal growth technique based on continuous transport of the melted substance through micro-channel(s) made in a crucible bottom.  Continuous solidification of the melt is progressed on a liquid/solid interface positioned under the crucible.  In a steady state, both the melt and the crystal are pulled-down with a constant (but generally different) velocity.

Many different types of crystal are grown by this technique, including  Y3Al5O12, Si, Si-Ge, LiNbO3, 
α-Al2O3, Y2O3, Sc2O3, 
LiF, CaF2, BaF2, etc.

Calcium fluoride
Calcium fluoride is the inorganic compound of the elements calcium and fluorine with the formula CaF2. It is a white solid that is practically insoluble in water. It occurs as the mineral fluorite (also called fluorspar), which is often deeply coloured owing to impurities.
Bilinear form
In mathematics, a bilinear form is a bilinear map V × V → K on a vector space V (the elements of which are called vectors) over a field K (the elements of which are called scalars). In other words, a bilinear form is a function B : V × V → K that is linear in each argument separately:

B(u + v, w) = B(u, w) + B(v, w)     and     B(λu, v) = λB(u, v)

B(u, v + w) = B(u, v) + B(u, w)     and     B(u, λv) = λB(u, v)

The dot product on  is an example of a bilinear form which is also an inner product. An example of a bilinear form that is not an inner product would be the four-vector product.

The definition of a bilinear form can be extended to include modules over a ring, with linear maps replaced by module homomorphisms.

When K is the field of complex numbers C, one is often more interested in sesquilinear forms, which are similar to bilinear forms but are conjugate linear in one argument.

Basis (linear algebra)
In mathematics, a set B of elements of  a vector space V is called a basis (pl.: bases) if every element of V can be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of B. The coefficients of this linear combination are referred to as components or coordinates of the vector with respect to B. The elements of a basis are called basis vectors.

Equivalently, a set B is a basis if its elements are linearly independent and every element of V is a linear combination of elements of B. In other words, a basis is a linearly independent spanning set.

A vector space can have several bases; however all the bases have the same number of elements, called the dimension of the vector space.

This article deals mainly with finite-dimensional vector spaces. However, many of the principles are also valid for infinite-dimensional vector spaces.

Basis vectors find applications in the study of crystal structures and frames of reference.
2021 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 2021 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented California State University, Fresno as a member of the West Division of the Mountain West Conference (MW) during the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs were led by second-year head coach Kalen DeBoer during the regular season and Lee Marks as interim head coach for their bowl game. They compiled an overall record of 10–3 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, plaching second in the MW's West Division. Fresno State was invited to the New Mexico Bowl, where they beat UTEP. The team played home games at Bulldog Stadium in Fresno, California.

Valley Children's Stadium
Valley Children's Stadium, also known as Jim Sweeney Field at Bulldog Stadium, is an outdoor college football stadium in the Western United States, located on the campus of California State University, Fresno, in Fresno, California. It is the home field of the Fresno State Bulldogs, who play in the Mountain West Conference.
José S. Palma
José Serofia Palma (born March 19, 1950) is a Filipino prelate who served as Metropolitan Archbishop of Cebu from 2011 to 2025. He had previously served as Metropolitan Archbishop of Palo in Leyte from 2006 to 2010, and as president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines from 2011 to 2013.

President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines
The president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangulo ng Kapulungan ng mga Katolikong Obispo sa Pilipinas) is the executive head of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines, the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. The first president was elected in 1945.
2021 World Wrestling Championships – Men's Greco-Roman 82 kg
The men's Greco-Roman 82 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Oslo, Norway on 7 and 8 October.

This Greco-Roman wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

2021 World Wrestling Championships
The 2021 World Wrestling Championships was the 17th edition of the World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held from 2 to 10 October 2021 in Oslo, Norway.

The event was subsequent to the 2019 World Championships due to the cancelation of the 2020 edition during the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020 Individual World Cup was held as replacement for the World Wrestling Championships.
Via Jacobi
The Via Jacobi (German: Jakobsweg, French: Chemin de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle) is a hiking trail in Switzerland that leads from Lake Constance to Geneva, with different route options. It is part of the European Way of St. James, a pilgrimage route to the grave of St. James in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain, one of the oldest religious traditions in Europe.

Swiss hiking network
The Swiss hiking network is a comprehensive system of marked hiking trails covering more than 65,000 kilometres across Switzerland. Protected by federal law since 1985, it represents one of the world's most extensive and well-maintained pedestrian trail networks. The network is distinguished by its distinctive yellow signposting system and its integration into the Swiss Federal Constitution.
Bernard Blandre
Bernard Blandre is a French secondary history teacher (retired). He is the President and one of the founders of the Association of Study and Information on Religious Movements (Association d'Étude et d'Information sur les Mouvements Religieux or AEIMR), a nonprofit organization established in Sarreguemines whose purpose is to gather documentation on small religious movements, to provide researchers with material on the subject of "cults". Blandre published two books and other studies on the Jehovah's Witnesses and wrote articles on other religious groups including Adventism and the Latter-day Saint movement. Journal La Vie considered him "one of the best specialists" of Jehovah's Witnesses. On the other hand, Jean-Pierre Chantin deplores the lack of analysis, and states that a synthesis is still expected.

Jean-Pierre Chantin
Jean-Pierre Chantin (born 1961) is a French historian of religion and author, associated with the University of Lyon. He specializes in the history of religion in France, including the Catholic Church and the role of new religious movements. He has published and edited several books on the topic of religion and NRMs.
Topper (TV series)
Topper is an American fantasy sitcom television series based on the 1937 film Topper, which was based on the two novels Topper and Topper Takes a Trip by Thorne Smith. The series was broadcast on CBS from October 9, 1953, to July 15, 1955, and stars Leo G. Carroll in the title role. It finished at #24 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1954–1955 season. Topper also earned an Emmy nomination for Best Situation Comedy in 1954.

Camel (cigarette)
Camel is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company in the United States and by Japan Tobacco outside the U.S. Most recently Camel cigarettes contain a blend of Turkish tobacco and Virginia tobacco. Winston-Salem, North Carolina, the city where R. J. Reynolds was founded, is nicknamed "Camel City" because of the brand's popularity.
1927 college football season
The 1927 college football season ended with the Illini of the University of Illinois (7–0–1) being recognized as champion under the Dickinson System. At season's end, the Rissler Cup was awarded to the team that finished first in the "Dickinson ratings", which considered strength of schedule. In the final week, Georgia's "Dream and Wonder team" was upset by Georgia Tech. Georgia had upset Eastern power Yale 14–10. Though most selectors retrospectively named either Illinois or Georgia as their 1927 national champions, over a half-century later Jeff Sagarin, a computer-based selector, named the Texas Aggies as the No. 1 team.

In the Rose Bowl, the Pittsburgh Panthers (8–0–1) were invited to play against the Pacific Coast Conference champion.  Though USC and Stanford had identical records in conference play, Stanford was given a chance to "avenge" its 7–7 tie against Alabama in the previous year's Rose Bowl. Stanford won 7–6.

1927 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1927 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois in the 1927 Big Ten Conference football season. The Fighting Illini compiled a 7–0–1 record (5–0 against Western Conference opponents) and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 152 to 24.

Illinois was also ranked No. 1 in the nation in the Dickinson System ratings released in December 1927. Illinois was also retroactively named as the national champion for 1927 by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation, National Championship Foundation, and Parke H. Davis.

Center Robert Reitsch and guard Russ Crane were selected as first-team players on the 1927 All-America college football team: Reitsch by the North American Newspaper Alliance and Lawrence Perry; and Crane by Grantland Rice for Collier's Weekly. Reitsch was also the team captain. Other notable players included halfback Jud Timm; end Garland Grange; and tackle Butch Nowack.
Reactions to the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis
Many states, international organizations, and civil society actors worldwide had expressed their reactions to the then-escalating crisis between Russia and Ukraine that started in March 2021. The crisis eventually culminated in a Russian invasion of Ukraine, beginning on 24 February 2022.

Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)
The Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Головне управління розвідки Міністерства оборони України, ГУР МОУ, romanized: Holovne upravlinnia rozvidky Ministerstva oborony Ukrainy, GUR / HUR MO), also known in English as the Defense Intelligence of Ukraine (DIU), is the military intelligence service of the Ukrainian government. It is an agency of the Ministry of Defence, not the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Unlike the intelligence agencies of many countries, the HUR is not restricted to intelligence-gathering but also carries out military operations.
Matelea floridana
Matelea floridana (also called Florida milkvine or Florida spiny pod) is a flowering plant within the Milkweed Subfamily (Family Apocynaceae; Subfamily Asclepiadoideae). It is endemic to Florida and two counties in Georgia, and is listed as Endangered. It is a perennial dicot. Flowers are purplish black, 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) in diameter, borne on short pedicels that occur at mature nodes along the stem, from one to many flowers. Leaf pairs are opposite, cordate from 5–10 (2–4 in) cm in length, lightly pubescent.

This species is very similar in appearance to Matelea carolinensis, but the distribution of the two species do not overlap.

Matelea carolinensis
Matelea carolinensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae known by the common names maroon Carolina milkvine and Carolina anglepod. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it grows in open deciduous woods and stream banks.  It is a perennial twining vine forb/herb with milky sap and 5 to 10 cm heart-shaped leaves.  The vine dies back and returns every year.  The 1 to 2 cm flowers are deep purple, occasionally yellow. The fruit is a follicle.
Julien Lezard
Julian Joseph "Lizzie" Lezard (14 February 1902 – 31 August 1958) was a South African tennis player.

Lezard, the eldest son of a solicitor, came from Kimberley, South Africa and was educated at Cambridge University.

Active in tennis during the 1920s, Lezard featured in seven editions of the Wimbledon Championships. In 1926 he represented the South Africa Davis Cup team in ties against Portugal and Sweden.

Lezard, married in 1929, was the fourth husband of Hilda Cooper. They divorced in 1945. Her son from a previous marriage was Dan Ranfurly (6th Earl of Ranfurly), who was Governor of the Bahamas in the 1950s.

In World War II, Lezard worked for British Intelligence under the codename Église. He took part in a two-man Special Operations Executive mission (with Xan Fielding) near Seyne, France in 1944. After being parachuted down over the Basses Alpes, he had a bad landing and suffered two fractured vertebrae.

Lezard was the great-uncle of journalist Nicholas Lezard.

Xan Fielding
Alexander Wallace Fielding DSO (26 November 1918 – 19 August 1991), known as Xan Fielding, was a British author, translator, journalist and traveller, who served as a Special Operations Executive (SOE) agent in Crete, France and East Asia during World War II. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in occupied Europe and Asia against the Axis powers, especially Nazi Germany.