hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luminous gemstones
Folktales about luminous gemstones are an almost worldwide motif in mythology and history among Asian, European, African, and American cultures. Some stories about light-emitting gems may have been based on luminescent and phosphorescent minerals such as diamonds.

Aquamarine (gem)
Aquamarine is a pale-blue to light-green variety of the beryl family. It is transparent to translucent and possesses a hexagonal crystal system. Aquamarine is a fairly common gemstone, rendering it more accessible for purchase, compared to other gems in the beryl family.

Aquamarine mainly forms in granite pegmatites and hydrothermal veins, a process that takes millions of years and is associated with Precambrian rocks.

Aquamarine occurs in many countries over the world, and is most commonly used for jewelry, decoration and its properties .

Famous aquamarines include the Dom Pedro, the Roosevelt Aquamarine, the Hirsch Aquamarine, Queen Elizabeth's Tiara, Meghan Markle's ring, and the Schlumberger bow.
Ann Trevenen Jenkin
Dorothy Ann Trevenen Jenkin (14 April 1930 – 8 April 2024) was a Cornish and British writer, teacher, librarian, and activist for Cornish independence. She was the first woman Grand Bard of Gorsedh Kernow, a founding member of Mebyon Kernow, and its honorary president from 2011 until her death. Her bardic name was Bryallen, and she was Grand Bard from 1997 to 2000.

She was featured in the BBC Radio 4 programme Last Word on 26 April 2024, when host Matthew Bannister discussed her life with her daughter Loveday Jenkin.

Helena Sanders
Helena Sanders née Charles (16 April 1911 – 14 June 1997) was a humanitarian, cultural activist, politician and poet. Sanders was the founder of the political party, Mebyon Kernow, in 1951. She was also well known for her feline welfare efforts in Venice.
Pristava, Nova Gorica
Pristava (pronounced [pɾiˈstaːʋa]; Italian: Prestava, Friulian: Rafût, German: Prestau), also known locally as Rafut (pronounced [ɾaˈfuːt]), is one of the four suburbs of the town of Nova Gorica in the Gorizia region of western Slovenia (the other three are Solkan, Rožna Dolina, and Kromberk).

Between the late 18th century and 1947, it used to be a suburb of the town of Gorizia (now in Italy). When the city was partitioned in 1947, most of the city center remained in Italy, while its eastern suburbs were annexed to Yugoslavia. Part of Pristava (Rafut) remained in Italy, and while part of it became part of Slovenia. In some cases, the border was drawn literally between individual houses. Until Slovenia's entry into the Schengen zone in 2007, a local border crossing operated in Pristava.

The Kostanjevica Monastery, in which Charles X of France is buried, is located on a hill above the settlement.

Solkan
Solkan (pronounced [ˈsoːu̯kan] or [sɔu̯ˈkan]; Italian: Salcano, German: Sollingen or Salcano) is a settlement in the Municipality of Nova Gorica in the Gorizia region of western Slovenia, at the border with Italy. Although it forms a single urban area with the city of Nova Gorica today, it has maintained the status of a separate urban settlement due to its history and the strong local identity of its residents.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Stephen and belongs to the Diocese of Koper.
17th Seanad
The 17th Seanad was in office from 1983 to 1987. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the November 1982 general election to the 24th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 18th Seanad.

18th Seanad
The 18th Seanad was in office from 1987 to 1989. An election to Seanad Éireann, the Senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1987 general election to the 25th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 19th Seanad.
Communist bandit pastry
Communist bandit pastries (Chinese: 共匪餅; pinyin: Gòngfěi bǐng) are a type of Taiwanese pastry sold in Chiayi City, Taiwan. The snack is named after the term "communist bandit" (Chinese: 共匪), an anti-communist epithet that was widely used in Taiwan during the martial law era to refer to people from China under communist rule.

Communist bandit
"Communist bandit" (Chinese: 共匪; pinyin: gòngfěi) is an anti-communist epithet directed at members of the Chinese Communist Party. The term originated from the Nationalist government in 1927 during the Chinese Civil War. Outside mainland China, some Chinese people now use the term "中共" (zhōnggòng, literally: "Chinese Communist") to refer to the People's Republic of China or the Chinese Communist Party. It could also be translated to the English term "commie".
Gmina Ujsoły
Gmina Ujsoły is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Żywiec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Slovak border. Its seat is the village of Ujsoły, which lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of Żywiec and 88 km (55 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 109.95 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 4,466.

Żywiec County
Żywiec County (Polish: powiat żywiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Żywiec, which lies 64 kilometres (40 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The county covers an area of 1,039.96 square kilometres (401.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 152,877, out of which the population of Żywiec is 31,194 and the rural population is 121,683.

The county includes part of the protected area known as Żywiec Landscape Park.
1934 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The 1934 European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Budapest, Hungary from 11 to 15 April. It was the fourth edition of the competition, organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA. There were 74 fighters from 13 countries participating.

European Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Amateur Boxing Championships is the highest competition for boxing amateurs in Europe, organised by the continent's governing body EUBC, which stands for the European Boxing Confederation. The first edition of the tournament took place in 1924, although the first 'competitive' championships were hosted by the city of Stockholm (Sweden) in 1925.
Ilyas Akhmadov
Ilyas Khamzatovich Akhmadov (Chechen: Ilyasaŋ Aẋmad-k̇ant Ẋamzat/Ильясан Ахьмад-кlант Хьамзат, Russian: Ильяс Хамзатович Ахмадов; born December 19, 1960) served as the foreign minister of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. He currently resides in the United States, where he was granted political asylum.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Borigumma
Borigumma is a town in Koraput district of Odisha state of India. It is located strategically between 3 of the major towns of undivided Koraput district - Jeypore, Nabarangpur and Kotpad and because of its location advantage as National Highway 26 and National Highway 201 passes through it, it is also known for its business activities.

Jeypore
Jeypore is a city in Koraput district in the Indian state of Odisha. It was established by Vir Vikram Dev in the mid 17th century. Dev's  kingdom was defeated by the East India Company in 1777 who declared it a Zamindari or Feudatory of the British Crown and much later a Princely state until its dissolution in the Dominion of India in 1947.
2016 Pekao Szczecin Open
The 2016 Pekao Szczecin Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 24th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Szczecin, Poland between 12 and 18 September 2016.

Szczecin Open
The Invest in Szczecin Open (formerly Pekao Szczecin Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ on the Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Wojska Polskiego in Szczecin, Poland, since 1993  (as a Satellite from 1993 to 1995, as a Challenger since 1996).
Duchess Theatre
The  Duchess Theatre is a West End theatre in the City of Westminster, London, located in Catherine Street near Aldwych.

The theatre opened on 25 November 1929 and is one of the smallest West End theatres with a proscenium arch. It has 494 seats on two levels. It is a Grade II Listed Building.

The Duchess Theatre was purchased in 2005 by Nica Burns and Max Weitzenhoffer forming part of the Nimax Theatres group.

J. B. Priestley
John Boynton Priestley (/ˈpriːstli/; 13 September 1894 – 14 August 1984) was an English novelist, playwright, screenwriter, broadcaster and social commentator.

His Yorkshire background is reflected in much of his fiction, notably in The Good Companions (1929), which first brought him to wide public notice. Many of his plays are structured around a time slip, and he went on to develop a new theory of time, with different dimensions that link past, present and future.

In 1940, he broadcast a series of short propaganda radio talks, which were credited with strengthening civilian morale during the Battle of Britain. In the following years his left-wing beliefs brought him into conflict with the government and influenced the development of the welfare state. He wrote a number of plays during this period, including An Inspector Calls (1945).
Vitreography
Vitreography is a fine art printmaking technique that uses a 3⁄8-inch-thick (9.5 mm) float glass matrix instead of the traditional matrices of metal, wood or stone. A print created using the technique is called a vitreograph. Unlike a monotype, in which ink is painted onto a smooth glass plate and transferred to paper to produce a unique work, the vitreograph technique involves fixing the imagery in, or on, the glass plate. This allows the production of an edition of prints.

Edition (printmaking)
In printmaking, an edition is a number of prints struck from one plate, usually at the same time. This may be a limited edition, with a fixed number of impressions produced on the understanding that no further impressions (copies) will be produced later, or an open edition limited only by the number that can be sold or produced before the plate wears. Most modern artists produce only limited editions, normally signed by the artist in pencil, and numbered as say 67/100 to show the unique number of that impression and the total edition size.
Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education
Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) is a non-profit accreditation national agency recognized by Council on Higher Education Accreditation and the US Department of Education. It was established in 1932 as the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education and was renamed as the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education in 2003. ACPE is based in Chicago and accredits and pre-accredits schools offering PharmD degrees and providers of continuing pharmacy education. The accrediting body is  made up of professionals from the American Council on Education, the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, the American Pharmacists Association, and the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy.

American Pharmacists Association
The American Pharmacists Association (APhA, previously known as the American Pharmaceutical Association), founded in 1852, is the first-established professional society of pharmacists in  the United States. The association consists of more than 62,000 practicing pharmacists, pharmaceutical scientists, student pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and others interested in  the profession. Nearly all  U.S. pharmacy specialty organizations were originally a section or part of this association.
Maksymilianów, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Maksymilianów [maksɨmiˈljanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rokiciny, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Rokiciny, 20 km (12 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 30 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rokiciny, Łódź Voivodeship
Rokiciny [rɔkiˈt͡ɕinɨ] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rokiciny. It lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 28 km (17 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Sonja Morgan
Sonja Morgan (née Tremont; born November 25, 1963) is an American television personality, socialite, entrepreneur and philanthropist. She is popularly known for her starring role on the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of New York City.

The Real Housewives
The Real Housewives is an American reality television franchise that began on March 21, 2006, with The Real Housewives of Orange County. Each installment of the franchise documents the personal and professional lives of a group of affluent women residing in a certain city or geopolitical region. Ten different series have been produced in the United States, with an announced eleventh. In addition, there are 21 international adaptations. The American series is broadcast on Bravo. Previously, the Miami installment aired for a time on Peacock.

The first international adaptation, The Real Housewives of Athens, premiered on March 4, 2011. The longest-running international edition is The Real Housewives of Cheshire, which is currently airing its eighteenth season.

The American franchise has led to 27 spin-off series in all, the most successful one being Vanderpump Rules, which has itself had a number of spin-offs.
Tampa Terminal Subdivision
The Tampa Terminal Subdivision is a group of railroad lines owned by CSX Transportation in and around Tampa, Florida.  The Tampa Terminal Subdivision covers track around Yeoman and Uceta Yards and is located at the end of two of CSX's U.S. East Coast main lines to Richmond, Virginia, the A Line and the S Line.

Plant System
The Plant System, named after its owner, Henry B. Plant, was a system of railroads and steamboats in the U.S. South, taken over by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902. The original line of the system was the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, running across southern Georgia. The Plant Investment Company was formed in 1882 to lease and buy other railroads and expand the system. Other major lines incorporated into the system include the Savannah and Charleston Railroad and the Brunswick and Western Railroad.
McCrae's Battalion Great War Memorial
McCrae's Battalion Great War Memorial is a World War I memorial cairn located in the village of Contalmaison, France. Designed by the historian, Jack Alexander, it was unveiled in 2004 after being first proposed by survivors of the battalion in 1919. As such, it is the last of the 'original' Great War memorials to be built. It commemorates the dead of the 16th Royal Scots volunteer battalion formed by Sir George McCrae, known as 'The Sporting Battalion', who participated in the First Battle of the Somme, July 1916.

The battalion was notable for its high number of professional sportsmen and fans drawn from the football clubs Heart of Midlothian FC, Hibernian FC, Raith Rovers FC, Falkirk FC and Dunfermline FC and a variety of other sporting clubs.  Visiting the Contalmaison Cairn has become something of a pilgrimage - particularly for football supporters and school groups.

Cairn
A cairn is a human-made pile (or stack) of stones raised for a purpose, usually as a marker or as a burial mound. The word cairn comes from the Irish: carn [ˈkʰaːrˠn̪ˠ] (plural cairn [ˈkʰaːrˠɲ]).

Cairns have been and are used for a broad variety of purposes. In prehistory, they were raised as markers, as memorials and as burial monuments, some of which contained chambers.

In the modern era, cairns are often raised as landmarks, especially to mark the summits of mountains, and as trail markers. They vary in size from small piles of stones to entire artificial hills, and in complexity from loose conical rock piles to elaborate megalithic structures. Cairns may be painted or otherwise decorated, whether for increased visibility or for religious reasons.
IChat
iChat (previously iChat AV) is a discontinued instant messaging software application developed by Apple for use on its Mac OS X operating system. It supported instant text messaging over XMPP/Jingle or OSCAR (AIM) protocol, audio and video calling, and screen-sharing capabilities. It also allowed for local network discussion with users discovered through Bonjour protocols.

In OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, iChat was replaced by Messages for chat and FaceTime for video calling.

Mac OS X Jaguar
Mac OS X Jaguar (version 10.2) is the third major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X 10.1 and preceded Mac OS X Panther. The operating system was released on August 23, 2002. It was available both for single-computer installations and in a "family pack" that allowed five installations on separate computers in one household. Jaguar was the first Mac OS X release to publicly use its code name in marketing and advertisements.
1907 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1907 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 18th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles were the defending champions.

Thurles won the championship after a 3–13 to 1–06 defeat of Lahorna de Wets in the final. It was their fourth championship title overall and their second title in succession.

1906 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1906 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 17th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Two-Mile Borris were the defending champions.

Thurles won the championship after a 4–11 to 3–06 defeat of Lahorna de Wets in the final. It was their third championship title overall and their first title since 1904.
Scooby-Doo! and the Goblin King
Scooby-Doo! and the Goblin King is a 2008 American animated comedy horror musical film, and the twelfth in the series of Scooby-Doo direct-to-video films produced by Warner Bros. Animation (though it used a Hanna-Barbera logo at the end of the film). It was dedicated to Paulette Oates. The DVD was released on September 23, 2008. This is the first Scooby cartoon produced entirely without either one of the original producers, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.

Fred Jones (Scooby-Doo)
Fred Jones is a fictional cartoon character in the American animated series Scooby-Doo, leader of a quartet of teenage mystery solvers and their Great Dane companion, Scooby-Doo. Fred has been primarily voiced by Frank Welker since the character's inception in 1969.
2009–10 FC Girondins de Bordeaux season
The 2009–10 season was the 120th season in the existence of FC Girondins de Bordeaux and the club's 19th consecutive season in the top flight of French football. In addition to the domestic league, Bordeaux participated in this season's editions of the Coupe de France, the Coupe de la Ligue, the Trophée des Champions, and the UEFA Champions League.

2009–10 Coupe de la Ligue
The 2009–10 Coupe de la Ligue was the 16th edition of France's league cup, organized by the LFP. The defending champions were Ligue 1 club Bordeaux who defeated second division club Vannes 4–0 in the 2009 final. The competition began on 25 July 2009 and the final was held on 27 March 2010 at the Stade de France. The winners of the Coupe de la Ligue will qualify for the third qualifying round of the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League. Ligue 1 club Marseille won the competition by defeating fellow first division club Bordeaux by a score of 3–1 in the final, thus giving them their first trophy since 1992.
Leon Berbecki
Leon Berbecki (28 July 1875, Lublin – 23 March 1963, Gliwice) was a Polish army officer, who fought in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I with the Imperial Russian Army.  Following the foundation of the Second Polish Republic, Berbecki served in the Polish Army.

Cross of Independence
Cross of Independence (Polish: Krzyż Niepodległości) was the second highest Polish military decoration between World Wars I and II. It was awarded to individuals who had fought actively for the independence of Poland, and was released in three classes.
Stinson Model A
The Stinson Model A was a moderately successful airliner of the mid-1930s.  It was one of the last commercial airliners designed in the United States with a fabric-covered steel tube fuselage, before the introduction of stressed skin aluminum construction.

Kerang
Kerang is a town on the Loddon River in north-central Victoria, Australia. It is the commercial centre to an irrigation district based on livestock, horticulture, lucerne and grain.  It is located 279 kilometres (173 mi) north-west of Melbourne on the Murray Valley Highway a few kilometres north of its intersection with the Loddon Valley Highway, elevation 78 metres (256 ft). At the 2021 census, Kerang had a population of 3,960. Kerang is believed to be an Aboriginal word for Cockatoo. It is home to Australia's largest solar and battery farm, which was opened in June 2019. The 50-megawatt battery system is located outside of Kerang and stores 100 per cent renewable energy. The 2,000 solar panels have become a tourist attraction and are drawing many businesses to the town.
Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Transport
Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Transport (KDMT) is a public transport company operating in India, run by the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation. It is run by the municipal corporation of Kalyan and Dombivli. With its head office located opposite KDMC, the organization will launch daily bus services from two branches for the welfare of the people of Kalyan and Dombivli, as well as nearby towns, cities, and villages.

Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation
Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation (KDMC) is the governing body of the city of Kalyan-Dombivli, located in the Thane district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. The municipal corporation consists of elected members from each municipal ward of the city, knowns as councillors, and is headed by a mayor and in his/her absence, by a deputy mayor, elected from amongst the councillors. The municipal corporation administers the city's infrastructure, public services, and transport.
Bambasi
Bambashi (also known as Abba Moti) is a town in western Ethiopia. The town is named after the highest point in the Assosa Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Mount Bambashi. Bambashi has a longitude and latitude of 9°45′N 34°44′E﻿ / ﻿9.750°N 34.733°E﻿ / 9.750; 34.733 with an elevation of 1668 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Bambashi woreda and town administration.

Bambashi is located on the Gimbi-Assosa road, making the town one of the few in the Region accessible by motor vehicle with the rest of Ethiopia.

Asosa
Asosa or Assosa is the capital of Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia. Located in the Asosa Zone, this town has a latitude and longitude of 10°04′N 34°31′E﻿ / ﻿10.067°N 34.517°E﻿ / 10.067; 34.517, with an elevation of 1,570 meters.