hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Packed storage matrix
A packed storage matrix, also known as packed matrix, is a term used in programming for representing an  matrix. It is a more compact way than an m-by-n rectangular array by exploiting a special structure of the matrix.

Typical examples of matrices that can take advantage of packed storage include:

symmetric or hermitian matrix

Triangular matrix

Banded matrix.

Triangular matrix
In mathematics, a triangular matrix is a special kind of square matrix. A square matrix is called lower triangular if all the entries above the main diagonal are zero. Similarly, a square matrix is called upper triangular if all the entries below the main diagonal are zero.

Because matrix equations with triangular matrices are easier to solve, they are very important in numerical analysis. By the LU decomposition algorithm, an invertible matrix may be written as the product of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U if and only if all its leading principal minors are non-zero.
Atinia gens
The gens Atinia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome, which came to prominence during the late Republic.  No members of this gens ever attained the consulship, although several were praetors in the early second century BC, beginning with Gaius Atinius Labeo 195.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Albert Spaggiari
Albert Spaggiari (14 December 1932 – 8 June 1989), nicknamed Bert, was a French criminal chiefly known as the organizer of a break-in into a Société Générale bank in Nice, France, in July 1976 that resulted in the theft of an estimated 46 million francs, none of which were ever found.

Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional
The Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA; pronounced [diɾeɣˈsjon de inteliˈxensja nasjoˈnal], lit. 'National Intelligence Directorate') was the secret police of Chile during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. The DINA has been referred to as "Pinochet's Gestapo". Established in November 1973 as a Chilean Army intelligence unit headed by Colonel Manuel Contreras and vice-director Raúl Iturriaga, the DINA was then separated from the army and made an independent administrative unit in June 1974 under the auspices of Decree 521. The DINA existed until 1977, after which it was renamed the Central Nacional de Informaciones (English: National Information Center) or CNI.

In 2008, the Chilean Army presented a list of 1,097 DINA agents to Judge Alejandro Solís.

Despite falling under Pinochet's legal authority, American-born DINA operative Michael Townley described Contreras as DINA's actual "intellectual head." Pedro Espinoza served as deputy to Contreras as well.
Mark Gray (Royal Marines officer)
Mark Nicholas Gray MBE is a former colonel in the British Royal Marines, as of 2021 running a floating armoury company in the ocean area subject to piracy based in Somalia and nearby countries.

As a UN observer he prevented a disaster at the Peruća hydroelectric dam in 1993 during the Croatian War of Independence. The Serbian military raised the level of the lake and placed 30 tons of explosives within the dam in their preparations for withdrawal; detonating the explosives was intended to destroy the dam, which would have released a huge surge of water which would have killed or made homeless 20,000 people. Gray, on his own initiative and exceeding his authority, opened the spillway gate and reduced the level of water in the lake by several metres; when the explosives were detonated the dam did not fail.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia
Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding places and has a long troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. It was initially a threat to international fishing vessels during the early 2000s, only to rapidly escalate and expand to international shipping during the War in Somalia (2006–2009). The escalation of conflict between local Somali fishermen and foreign vessels occurred in a context where Somalia is estimated to lose approximately $300 million annually since 1991 due to the unauthorized extraction of marine resources using harmful methods, such as dynamite fishing, which is prohibited in a number of other regions.
Kamay, Texas
Kamay (/ˈkeɪmeɪ/ KAY-may) is an unincorporated community in Wichita County, Texas, United States. It had an estimated population of 640 in 2000.

Kamay is part of the Wichita Falls, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Wichita Falls, Texas
Wichita Falls (/ˈwɪtʃɪtɑː/ WITCH-ih-tah) is a city in and the county seat of Wichita County, Texas, United States. It is the principal city of the Wichita Falls metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Archer, Clay, and Wichita Counties. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 102,316, making it the 43rd-most populous city in Texas. Wichita Falls is home to Midwestern State University, enrolling more than 5,500 students.
Abdellah Ouazane
Abdellah Ouazane (Arabic: عبد الله وزان; born 15 January 2009) is a professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Eerste Divisie side Jong Ajax. Born in the Netherlands, he represents Morocco at international level.

2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes or 2025 U17 AFCON for short, was the 15th edition (20th if editions without hosts are included) of the biennial African youth football tournament organized by Confederation of African Football (CAF) for players aged 17 and below.

Morocco was chosen as the host of this edition on 16 December 2024 at the annual CAF Executive Committee meeting along the 2024 CAF Awards ceremony in Marrakesh, Morocco where CAF appointed the country as host. which it organised from 30 March to 19 April. The top 10 teams qualified for the 2025 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Qatar as the CAF representatives.

It was the first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations to feature 16 teams. Senegal entered as the defending champions but were eliminated in the quarter-finals. Morocco won the tournament, claiming their first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations title.
Kavital
Kavital is a town in the Sirwar taluk of Raichur district in Karnataka state, India.  Kavital is 60 km west to the district headquarters Raichur and 35 km north to the taluka headquarters Manvi. Kavital lies on Karnataka State Highway 20. Nearest towns are Lingasugur and Raichur.

Manvi
Manvi or Mānvi is a City in the Raichur district of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the municipal headquarters of the Manvi taluk. Manvi Police Station stood fifth in the list of top 10 best police station across the country.

Manvi is governed by a municipal corporation. It is home to a number of religious sites including: Hazrat Syed Shah Sabzali Sattar Quadri Ra, Mallikarjunn Swamy Temple, and Manvi. Manvi is associated with a number of religious philosophers of Hinduism, such as the 18th-century the Madhva-follower and dasa Sri Jagannatha Dasa. It is also home to a number of archaeological and historical sites, such as "Fort On The Top Of The Hill", Ancient Bridges, and the Jumma-Masjid Mosque (Shahi-Masjid), an ancient mosque with outer works of black stone from the Bhamani or Adilshahi periods. The said Masque is maintaining by the Khazi Ahmed Hussain sons until his ancestral.
Patrick Schulte
Patrick Timothy Schulte (/ˈʃʌlti/ SHUL-tee; born March 13, 2001) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for Major League Soccer club Columbus Crew and the United States national team.

2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup
The 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup was the 59th season of the North, Central America, and the Caribbean's premier club football tournament organized by CONCACAF, and the first since it was rebranded as the CONCACAF Champions Cup. This was the first season under a new format featuring 27 teams and a five-round knockout phase.

Pachuca won their sixth title, defeating Columbus Crew of MLS in the final 3–0. As winners, they qualified for the 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup, held in December. Pachuca also qualified for the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States, alongside the 2021 winners Monterrey, the 2022 winners Seattle Sounders FC, and the 2023 winners León. However, due to Pachuca and León sharing the same ownership, León was later disqualified from the tournament.
Henry Jollye
Henry Clarke Jollye (12 October 1841 – 17 December 1902) was an English first-class cricketer, educator and clergyman.

The son of Hunting Jollye, he was born in October 1841 at Broome, Norfolk. He was educated at Bradfield College, matriculating at Merton College, Oxford in 1861, and graduating B.A. in 1866, M.A. in 1873. While studying at Oxford, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Oxford University against the Gentlemen of England at Lord's in 1862. Batting once in the match, he was dismissed without scoring by Henry Arkwright in the Oxford first-innings.

After graduating B.A. from Oxford, Jollye took holy orders in the Church of England and returned to Bradfield College in the capacity of assistant master from 1867. He died in December 1902 at Walton, Wiltshire.

Henry Arkwright
Henry Arkwright (16 December 1837 – 13 October 1866) was an English amateur first-class cricketer. He made seventeen appearances between 1858 and 1866. He is one of only three cricketers to have taken 18 first-class wickets in a match.
P. Anandan
Padmanabhan Anandan is the ex-CEO of Wadhwani Institute for Artificial Intelligence, an independent not-for-profit Research institute focused on developing artificial intelligence based applications for social good. He was formerly vice president for research at Adobe Systems and prior to that a distinguished scientist and managing director of Microsoft Research. He was managing director at Microsoft Research India, which he founded in January 2005 in Bangalore. He joined Microsoft Research in Redmond, Washington in 1997, where he founded and built the Interactive Visual Media group. He was also previously a professor of Computer Science at Yale University.

IIT Madras
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras or IITM) is a public institute of technology located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Along with being recognized as an Institute of Eminence, IIT Madras is widely regarded as one of India’s most prestigious higher education institutions, consistently ranking first nationally in engineering and overall categories by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) for many years.

As an Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Madras is also recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. Founded in 1959 with technical, academic and financial assistance from the government of West Germany, IITM was the third Indian Institute of Technology to be established.
Marsden Point Oil Refinery
Marsden Point Oil Refinery was an oil refinery located at Marsden Point, Whangārei, Northland, New Zealand, which operated from 1964 to 2022. It was the only significant oil refinery in New Zealand, and was owned and operated by the New Zealand Refining Company (later Refining NZ, then Channel Infrastructure), a consortium of oil companies. The refinery was shut down in 2022 and dismantled.

The point was named after Samuel Marsden. The regional survey map shows it was called Marsden Point in 1907.

Whangārei
Whangārei is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the largest settlement of the Northland Region. It is part of the Whangarei District, created in 1989 from the former Whangarei City, Whangarei County and Hikurangi Town councils to administer both the city and its hinterland. The city population was estimated to be 56,100 in June 2025, an increase from 47,000 in 2001.
Salt Sermon
The salt sermon was an oration delivered on 17 June 1838 by Sidney Rigdon, then First Counselor in the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, and frequent spokesman for Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, against church dissenters, including Book of Mormon witnesses Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and John Whitmer, and other leaders including W. W. Phelps. The Salt Sermon is often confused with Rigdon's July 4th oration.

John Corrill
John Corrill (September 17, 1794 – September 26, 1842) was an early member and leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, and an elected representative in the Missouri State Legislature.  He was prominently involved in the Mormon conflicts in Missouri before leaving the church in 1839 and publishing A Brief History of the Church of Christ of Latter Day Saints (Commonly Called Mormons).
Alois Machek
Alois Machek (known in Serbian as Alojz Mahek/Алојз Махек) was a Czech football player and coach. Considered by Czech historiographers as one of the best Czech players prior First World War, he was responsible for the popularization of football in Serbia and Yugoslavia during the first two decades of the 20th century.

Yugoslav First League
The Yugoslav First League (Bosnian: Prva savezna liga u fudbalu, Serbian: Прва савезна лига у фудбалу, Prva savezna liga u fudbalu, Croatian: Prva savezna nogometna liga, Slovene: Prva zvezna nogometna liga, Macedonian: Прва сојузна фудбалска лига, romanized: Prva sojuzna fudbalska liga, Albanian: Liga e parë federale e futbollit, Hungarian: Első szövetségi labdarúgó-bajnokság) was the premier football league in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992).

The First League Championship was one of two national competitions held annually in Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup being the other.

The league became fully professional in 1967.
T. C. McCartney
Timothy Chase McCartney (born April 24, 1989) is an American professional football coach and former player who was most recently the quarterbacks coach for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He previously served as the tight ends coach for the Cleveland Browns from 2022 to 2023.

McCartney played college football for the LSU Tigers and began his coaching career there in 2011. He has also previously served as an assistant coach for the Cleveland Browns, Denver Broncos, San Francisco 49ers.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency
The Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency (Slovene: Slovenska obveščevalno-varnostna agencija; SOVA or Sova, pronounced [ˈsɔ̀ːʋa]; lit. Owl) is the main civilian intelligence service of Slovenia and as a government agency is subordinated directly to the Prime Minister of Slovenia. The mission of SOVA as the central intelligence and security service in the Republic of Slovenia is to provide national security. The agency's headquarters are located at Stegne Street in Dravlje, northwest of Ljubljana's centre.

Its military counterpart is the Intelligence and Security Service (Slovene: Obveščevalno-varnostna služba; OVS), which is part of the Ministry of Defense.

Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Ministrstvo za Obrambo Republike Slovenije; Slovene abbreviation MORS) is a ministry of the Republic of Slovenia, in charge of Slovenia's defence against external enemies and natural disasters.

The Ministry is led by the Minister of Defence of the Republic of Slovenia, who is appointed by the Slovenian Prime Minister and approved by the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia. The Minister is also part of the government.

The Ministry is located on Vojkova 55 in Ljubljana (Kardeljeva platform).
Sumut United F.C.
Sumatra Utara United, commonly known as Sumut United, was an Indonesian professional football club based in Karo Regency, North Sumatra. They were compete in the Liga 2 in 2024–25. In the 2021–22 Liga 3, Karo United came out as champions after defeating Putra Delta Sidoarjo. This was their first title in the club's history. In 2025, Persikad Depok bought Sumut United's slot and entered the Liga 2.

Sumatran serow
The Sumatran serow (Capricornis sumatraensis sumatraensis), also known as the southern serow, is a subspecies of the mainland serow native to mountain forests in the Thai-Malay Peninsula and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It was previously considered its own species, but is now grouped under the mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis), as all the mainland species of serow (Chinese, red and Himalayan) were previously considered subspecies of this species. The Sumatran serow is threatened due to habitat loss and hunting, leading to it being evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN.
Colorado State Highway 140
State Highway 140 (SH 140) is a 23.435 mi (37.715 km) long state highway in the southwestern corner of Colorado. SH 140's southern terminus is at New Mexico State Road 170 (NM 170) at the New Mexico state line, and the northern terminus is at U.S. Route 160 (US 160) west of Durango.

U.S. Route 160 in Colorado
U.S. Route 160 (US 160) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Tuba City, Arizona, to Poplar Bluff, Missouri. In the state of Colorado, US 160 starts at the New Mexico state line southwest of Cortez and ends at the Kansas state line east of Springfield.
Modern Greek phonology
This article deals with the phonology and phonetics of Standard Modern Greek. For phonological characteristics of other varieties, see varieties of Modern Greek, and for Cypriot, specifically, see Cypriot Greek § Phonology.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Botanique metro station
Botanique (French, pronounced [bɔtanik] ⓘ) or Kruidtuin (Dutch, pronounced [ˈkrœytœyn]) is a Brussels Metro station on the northern segment of lines 2 and 6. It is located under the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road) at the Rue Royale/Koningsstraat in the municipality of the Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, north of the City of Brussels, Belgium.

The station opened on 18 August 1974 as a premetro (underground tram) station. It became a heavy metro station, serving line 2, when this line was converted on 2 October 1988. Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it now lies on the joint section of lines 2 and 6.

The National Botanic Garden of Belgium, for which the area and station is named, was moved in the 1930s to the Flemish municipality of Meise, but the name Le Botanique and the building complex located nearby is still used as a concert venue and cultural centre.

Saint-Josse-ten-Noode
Saint-Josse-ten-Noode (French, pronounced [sɛ̃ ʒɔs tœn nod] ⓘ) or Sint-Joost-ten-Node (Dutch, pronounced [sɪɲˌtɕoːstɛˈnoːdə] ⓘ), often simply called Saint-Josse in French or Sint-Joost in Dutch, is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels and Schaerbeek.

As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a total population of 26,965. The total area is 1.16 km2 (0.45 sq mi), which gives a population density of 23,234/km2 (60,180/sq mi). From a total of 581 municipalities in Belgium, Saint-Josse is both the smallest in area size and the most densely populated. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).
Virginia State Route 281
State Route 281 (SR 281) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Airport Drive, the highway runs 1.60 miles (2.57 km) from SR 895 near Varina north to Charles City Road near Sandston in eastern Henrico County. SR 281 provides access to Richmond International Airport from the south. These connections are made via SR 895 from Interstate 295 (I-295) to the east and I-95 to the west.

Richmond International Airport
Richmond International Airport (IATA: RIC, ICAO: KRIC, FAA LID: RIC) is a joint civil-military airport in Sandston, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community (in Henrico County). The airport is about 7 miles (11 km) southeast of downtown Richmond, the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Richmond International Airport is the busiest airport in central Virginia and the third-busiest in the state behind Washington Reagan and Washington Dulles. RIC covers 2,500 acres (1,012 ha) of land.
Towhid Metro Station
Towhid Metro Station is a station of Tehran Metro Line 4. It is located in Tohid Square on top of Tohid Tunnel. It is between Enghelab Metro Station and Shademan Metro Station (formerly known as Azadi Station). The station was opened on 7 February 2011. The station will also serve Line 7 when it opens.

Shademan Metro Station
Shademan Metro Station is a station on Tehran Metro Line 2 and Line 4. It is located in the junction of Azadi Street and Azarbayjan Street. It is between Navvab Metro Station and Sharif University Metro Station.
Its name was changed from Azadi Station to Shademan Station as it is located on Shademan Jct. on Azadi Street to avoid confusion with Meydan-e Azadi Metro Station located at the famous Azadi Square.
John Paul College, Rotorua
John Paul College is a Catholic secondary school in Rotorua, New Zealand. The co-educational school enrols students in years 7 to 13. It was opened in 1987 and combined two existing schools, Edmund Rice College (for boys) and MacKillop College (for girls). The school was founded to serve the Catholic families of Rotorua. John Paul College is named for Pope John Paul II.

National Certificate of Educational Achievement
The National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) is the official secondary-school qualification in New Zealand. Phased in between 2002 and 2004, it replaced three older secondary-school qualifications. The New Zealand Qualifications Authority administers NCEA.

In early August 2025, the Sixth National Government confirmed plans to scrap NCEA and replace it with new  school certificates.