hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
French frigate Danaé (1807)
Danaé was a 44-gun Consolante-class frigate of the French Navy. On 12 March 1811, she was part of Bernard Dubourdieu's squadron sailing to raid the British commerce raider base of the island of Lissa. The squadron encountered William Hoste's frigate squadron, leading to the Battle of Lissa. Danaé was damaged by HMS Volage and had to retreat to Lesina for repairs. In the night of 4 September 1812, she exploded in the harbour of Trieste.

HMS Volage (1807)
HMS Volage was a Laurel-class sixth-rate post-ship of the Royal Navy.  She served during the Napoleonic War, capturing four privateers and participating in the Battle of Lissa (1811). She was sold in 1818. Her new owners renamed her Rochester and she served in a commercial capacity for another 12 years, first sailing between England and India, and then making two voyages to the South Seas as a whaler. She was last listed in Lloyd's List in 1831.
Ave Ninchi
Ave Maria Ninchi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈaːve maˈriːa ˈniŋki]; 14 December 1914 – 10 November 1997) was an Italian supporting actress who played character roles on stage, television, and in over 98 feature films that included Tomorrow Is Too Late (1949) and Louis Malle's Murmur of the Heart (1971) and Lacombe, Lucien (1974).

Born in Ancona, Italy, Ninchi worked with some of Italy's top movie stars, including Sophia Loren, Anna Magnani, Marcello Mastroianni, Alberto Sordi, and Gina Lollobrigida; her performances playing in duo with Aldo Fabrizi and Totò are considered particularly memorable. Her television career was at its peak during the 1960s and 1970s when she was appearing in some of Italy's top-rated series.

Aldo Fabrizi
Aldo Fabrizi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈaldo faˈbrittsi]; born Aldo Fabbrizi; 1 November 1905 – 2 April 1990) was an Italian actor, director, screenwriter and comedian, best known for the role of the heroic priest in Roberto Rossellini's Rome, Open City and as partner of Totò in a number of successful comedies.
2024 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game
The 2024 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game was a college football game played on December 6, 2024 to determine the champion of the American Athletic Conference (The American) for the 2024 season. It was the tenth American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game. The game was scheduled to start at 8:00 p.m. EST and air on ABC. The game featured the Tulane Green Wave against the Army Black Knights. Army defeated Tulane 35-14 for its first conference championship in program history.

According to ESPN, the Black Knights' feat of no penalties, turnovers, or punts in the game was the first such performance by an FBS team in at least 20 years.

This was the last championship game played under the "American Athletic Conference" name. On July 21, 2025, the conference dropped the word "Athletic" from its name, becoming the American Conference.

American Conference Football Championship Game
The American Conference Football Championship Game is a college football game currently held by the American Conference (American) each year to determine the conference's season champion. The inaugural game was held on December 5, 2015, at 12:00 pm ET.

The game previously pitted the champion of the Eastern Division (UCF, Cincinnati, Connecticut, East Carolina, South Florida, and Temple) against the champion of the Western Division (Houston, Memphis, Navy, SMU, Tulane, and Tulsa). The game was played at the home stadium of the division winner with the better conference record.

In 2020, UConn left the conference, leading to the dissolution of the divisions. Because of new NCAA rules regarding conference championships, the game has become a matchup between the top two teams in the conference.

Television broadcast rights to the game are owned by ESPN, with the game airing on ABC.
Glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
In enzymology, a glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.39) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

CTP + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate  diphosphate + CDP-glycerol

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are CTP and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, whereas its two products are diphosphate and CDP-glycerol.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is CTP:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase. Other names in common use include CDP-glycerol pyrophosphorylase, cytidine diphosphoglycerol pyrophosphorylase, cytidine diphosphate glycerol pyrophosphorylase, CTP:glycerol 3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, and Gro-PCT.  This enzyme participates in glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Nucleotidyltransferase
Nucleotidyltransferases are transferase enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., substituents of nucleotidylic acids or simply nucleoside monophosphates. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as:

A-P-N + B  A + B-P-N

For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.
They are classified under EC number 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into:

Uridylyltransferases, which transfer uridylyl- groups

Adenylyltransferases, which transfer adenylyl- groups

Guanylyltransferases, which transfer guanylyl- groups

Cytitidylyltransferases, which transfer cytidylyl- groups

Thymidylyltransferases, which transfer thymidylyl- groups
Data stream clustering
In computer science, data stream clustering is defined as the clustering of data that arrive continuously such as telephone records, multimedia data, financial transactions etc. Data stream clustering is usually studied as a streaming algorithm and the objective is, given a sequence of points, to construct a good clustering of the stream, using a small amount of memory and time.

BIRCH
BIRCH (balanced iterative reducing and clustering using hierarchies) is an unsupervised data mining algorithm used to perform hierarchical clustering over particularly large data-sets. With modifications it can also be used to accelerate k-means clustering and Gaussian mixture modeling with the expectation–maximization algorithm. An advantage of BIRCH is its ability to incrementally and dynamically cluster incoming, multi-dimensional metric data points in an attempt to produce the best quality clustering for a given set of resources (memory and time constraints). In most cases, BIRCH only requires a single scan of the database.

Its inventors claim BIRCH to be the "first clustering algorithm proposed in the database area to handle 'noise' (data points that are not part of the underlying pattern) effectively", beating DBSCAN by two months. The BIRCH algorithm received the SIGMOD 10 year test of time award in 2006.
1953 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament
The 1953 Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament was the second edition of the Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament held in Rangoon, Burma. India won the cup for a second time by winning all thee matches. It was India's first outright win in an international football tournament played abroad. The team received the rolling Colombo Cup and a Special Burma Cup for permanent retention.

Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament
The Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament was an annual football tournament first held in Colombo, Ceylon. It was also alternatively known as Colombo Cup. Established in 1952 by the Ceylon Football Association as a part of the Colombo Fair, the national sides of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (formerly known as Ceylon) and Burma played each other in a round robin tournament. The tournament was last played in 1955. In 1953 it was hosted in Rangoon, Burma, in 1954 at Calcutta, India, and finally at Dacca, East Pakistan.
1945 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1945 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University in the Big Ten Conference during the 1945 Big Ten Conference football season.  In their second season under head coach Cecil Isbell, the Boilermakers compiled a 7–3 record (3–3 against Big Ten opponents), finished in fifth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 198 to 125.

Three Purdue players received  honors from the Associated Press (AP) or United Press (UP) on the 1945 All-Big Ten Conference football team: Ed Cody at halfback (AP-1, UP-1); Tom Hughes at tackle (UP-1); and Bob DeMoss at halfback (UP-2). Cody ranked fifth nationally with 847 rushing yards, and DeMoss ranked sixth with 742 passing yards.

Bob DeMoss
Robert Alonzo DeMoss  (January 27, 1927 – July 23, 2017) was an American professional football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Purdue University from 1970 to 1972, compiling a career college football record of 13–18.
The Amazing Race Philippines 1
The Amazing Race Philippines 1 is the first season of The Amazing Race Philippines. It featured eleven teams of two, each with a pre-existing relationship, in a race around the Philippines to win ₱2 million. The show is hosted by Derek Ramsay.

The show premiered on October 29, 2012. It aired every Mondays to Fridays at 9:00 p.m. (PST) and Saturdays at 8:30 p.m. (PST) on TV5; Also, a special marathon episode of every 6 weekly episodes aired on Sundays at 9:30 p.m. (PST).

Celebrity best friends Lari Jeanne "LJ" Moreno and Criselda Janice "CJ" Jaravata were the winners of this season.

Star City (amusement park)
Star City is a 35,000 m2 (380,000 sq ft) amusement park in Pasay, Philippines. It is located in the reclaimed area of the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex, part of Bay City. The facility is owned by Star Parks Corporation, a subsidiary of Elizalde Holdings Corporation (the holding company of the FJE Group of Companies).

Star City was hit by a fire on October 2, 2019, causing major damage to the main building and forcing its closure. Before the fire, Star City had an annual attendance of about 1.5 million people. Star City had more than 30 rides and attractions at the time of the fire, many of which were indoors. The park reopened on February 24, 2022 after delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Paolo Montero
Rónald Paolo Montero Iglesias (born 3 September 1971) is a Uruguayan football manager and former player, who played as a central defender or left-back.

Montero began his career in Uruguay with Peñarol in 1990 before moving to Italian side Atalanta in 1992. He joined Juventus in 1996, where he remained until 2005, winning four Serie A titles, among other trophies; he subsequently moved to Argentine club San Lorenzo. In 2006, he transferred back to Peñarol, where he retired in 2007. At international level, he represented the Uruguay national football team at the 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup, at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, and the 2004 Copa América.

1997 Supercoppa Italiana
The 1997 Supercoppa Italia was the tenth edition of the Supercoppa Italiana. It was played between Juventus, the 1996–97 Serie A winner, and Vicenza, the 1996–97 Coppa Italia winner.

Juventus won the match 3–0 and claiming their second Supercoppa Italiana title.
Carson Peak
Carson Peak is a 10,908-foot-elevation (3,325-meter) mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Mono County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the Ansel Adams Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of the community of June Lake, 2.0 miles (3.2 km) south of Silver Lake, and 2.25 miles (3.62 km) northwest of San Joaquin Mountain, the nearest higher neighbor. The mountain is visible from various locations along the June Lake Loop, and from the nearby June Mountain ski area. The summit offers impressive views of Mount Ritter and Banner Peak. Topographic relief is significant as it rises 3,700 feet (1,100 meters) above the valley in 1.2 mile. The mountain consists of granite of Lee Vining Canyon. Carson Peak is considered an eastern Sierra classic by backcountry skiers drawn to routes called the "Devils Slide" and "Petes Dream".

Mono County, California
Mono County (/ˈmoʊnoʊ/ MOH-noh) is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 13,195, making it the fourth-least populous county in California. The county seat is Bridgeport. The county is located east of the Sierra Nevada between Yosemite National Park and Nevada. The only incorporated town in the county is Mammoth Lakes, which is located at the foot of Mammoth Mountain.  Other locations, such as June Lake, are also famous as skiing and fishing resorts. Located in the middle of the county is Mono Lake, a vital habitat for millions of migratory and nesting birds. The lake is located in a wild natural setting, with pinnacles of tufa arising out of the salty and alkaline lake. Also located in Mono County is Bodie, the official state gold rush ghost town, which is now a California State Historic Park.
Ōkārito Lagoon
Ōkārito Lagoon is a coastal lagoon on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is located 130 kilometres (81 mi) south of Hokitika, and covers an area of about 3,240 hectares (12.5 sq mi), making it the largest unmodified coastal wetland in New Zealand. It preserves a sequence of vegetation types from mature rimu forest through mānuka scrub to brackish water that has been lost in much of the rest of the West Coast.  The settlement of Ōkārito is at the southern end of the lagoon.

Eastern great egret
The eastern great egret (Ardea alba modesta) is a species of heron from the genus Ardea, usually considered a subspecies of the great egret (A. alba). In New Zealand it is known as the white heron or by its Māori name kōtuku. It was first described by British ornithologist John Edward Gray in 1831.
Wedding Toasts I'll Never Give
Wedding Toasts I'll Never Give is a memoir by Ada Calhoun about marriage. It was inspired by the success of her New York Times "Modern Love" column, "The Wedding Toast I'll Never Give", which the paper named one of its most-read stories of 2015. The book was released on May 16, 2017 by W. W. Norton & Company.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Fair License
The Fair License is a short, simple and permissive free software licence. Its text is composed of only one sentence and a disclaimer, thus being the shortest license ever approved by the Open Source Initiative. It is also possible to use the Fair License for images, books, music or more generally all kinds of media. The text of the license is as follows:

More popular alternatives to the Fair License are the MIT and simplified BSD licenses, which are also composed of few sentences but their disclaimers are longer.

Permissive software license
A permissive software license, sometimes also called BSD-like or BSD-style license, is a free-software license which instead of copyleft protections, carries only minimal restrictions on how the software can be used, modified, and redistributed, usually including a warranty disclaimer. Examples include the GNU All-permissive License, MIT License, BSD licenses, Apple Public Source License and Apache license. As of 2016, the most popular free-software license is the permissive MIT license.
Haplogroup O-M122
Haplogroup O-M122 (also known as Haplogroup O2 (formerly Haplogroup O3)) is an Eastern Eurasian Y-chromosome haplogroup. The lineage ranges across Southeast Asia and East Asia, where it dominates the paternal lineages with extremely high frequencies. Certain subclades also have a significant presence in Central Asia, South Asia (e.g. Nepal, Northeast India), and Oceania.

This lineage is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup O-M175.

Hmong–Mien languages
The Hmong–Mien languages (also known as Miao–Yao and rarely as Yangtzean) are a highly tonal language family of southern China and northern Southeast Asia. They are spoken in mountainous areas of southern China, including Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Hubei provinces. The speakers of these languages are predominantly "hill people", in contrast to the neighboring Han Chinese, who have settled the more fertile river valleys. Since their migration about four centuries ago, Hmong–Mien populations have also established communities in northern Vietnam and Laos.
Pygmy (Greek mythology)
The Pygmies (Ancient Greek: Πυγμαῖοι Pygmaioi, from the adjective πυγμαῖος, from the noun πυγμή pygmē "fist, boxing, distance from elbow to knuckles," from the adverb πύξ pyx "with the fist") were a tribe of diminutive humans in Greek mythology.

Philostratus
Philostratus or Lucius Flavius Philostratus (/fɪˈlɒstrətəs/; Ancient Greek: Φιλόστρατος Philostratos; c. 170s –  240s AD), called "the Athenian", was a Greek sophist of the Roman imperial period. His father was a minor sophist of the same name. He flourished during the reign of Septimius Severus (193–211) and died during that of Philip the Arab (244–249), probably in Tyre.
"Dimorphodon" weintraubi
"Dimorphodon" weintraubi is an extinct species of pterosaur originally thought to be a species of Dimorphodon from the Early Jurassic of Mexico. It was named by James Clark and others in 1998, in honour of Dr. Robert L. Weintraub. Phylogenetic analyses have found "Dimorphodon" weintraubi as the earliest-diverging anurognathid, extending the origin of this clade to the Early Jurassic.

Dimorphodon
Dimorphodon (/daɪˈmɔːrfədɒn/ dy-MOR-fə-don) is a genus of medium-sized pterosaur that lived in Europe during the early Jurassic Period (about 201-191 million years ago). It was named by paleontologist Richard Owen in 1859. Dimorphodon means "two-form tooth", derived from the Greek di- (δι-) meaning 'two', morphḗ (μορφή) meaning 'shape' and odṓn (ὀδών) meaning 'tooth', referring to the fact that it had two distinct types of teeth in its jaws – which is comparatively rare among reptiles. The diet of Dimorphodon has been questioned among researchers, with earlier interpretations depicting it as an insectivore or a piscivore. Recent studies have suggested that Dimorphodon likely hunted small vertebrates, though it still would have consumed small invertebrates like insects.
London Women's Sevens
The London Women's Sevens is part of the London Sevens, and was first played in 2012 when the IRB promoted a Women's Challenge tournament that was hosted alongside the existing men's tournament.

In 2013 the tournament was an invitational event organised and sponsored by the RFU. The tournament was not held in 2014, but was reinstituted for the 2015 season as the first edition of the London Sevens to be a part of the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series.

Women's SVNS
The World Rugby SVNS, known as the HSBC SVNS for sponsorship reasons, is a series of international rugby sevens tournaments for women's national teams run by World Rugby. The inaugural series was held in 2012–13 as the successor to the IRB Women's Sevens Challenge Cup held the previous season. The competition has been sponsored by banking group HSBC since 2015.

The series, the women's counterpart to the World Rugby Sevens Series, provides elite-level women's competition between rugby nations. As with the men's Sevens World Series, teams compete for the title by accumulating points based on their finishing position in each tournament.
Lovers Lane station
Lovers Lane station is a DART rail station in Dallas, Texas. It serves the Red Line and Orange Line. The station is located in East Dallas; it is directly east of North Central Expressway (US 75) and one block south of the intersection of Lovers Lane and Greenville Avenue.

The station services several strip malls along Greenville Avenue, the Energy Square and Meadows Building office complexes, and the residential complex The Village.

Unlike most DART stations, Lovers Lane station does not have a park-and-ride lot. As of June 2024, the station also does not receive bus service, though two bus routes can be accessed from Greenville Avenue one block east of the station entrance.

Red Line (DART)
The Red Line is a light rail line in Dallas, Texas operated by the Dallas Area Rapid Transit system.  It began operations in June 1996, and is one of two inaugural light rail lines in the DART rail system alongside the Blue Line.
Battle of Bowmanville
The Battle of Bowmanville was a 1942 revolt in the Bowmanville prisoner of war camp (Camp 30) in Ontario, Canada. The prisoners, most of whom were higher-ranking German officers, objected to the intended shackling of 100 prisoners. The battle lasted for three days.

Bowmanville POW camp
43°55′37″N 78°40′00″W﻿ / ﻿43.92694°N 78.66667°W﻿ / 43.92694; -78.66667

The Bowmanville POW camp, also known as Camp 30, was a Canada administered POW camp for German soldiers during World War II located on 2020 Lambs Road in the community of Bowmanville, Ontario in Clarington, Ontario, Canada. In September 2013, the camp was designated a National Historic Site of Canada.

In 1943, prisoners Otto Kretschmer and Wolfgang Heyda were the subject of an elaborate escape named Operation Kiebitz.
Yucheng County
Yucheng County (Chinese: 虞城县; pinyin: Yúchéng Xiàn) is a county located in the east of Henan province, People's Republic of China, affiliated to Shangqiu City, it is 47.5 kilometers wide from east to west, 67.6 kilometers long from north to south, with an area of 1485 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Liangyuan Park, Shangqiu New District and Yuyang District, bordering the provinces of Shandong to the north and Anhui to the south. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shangqiu, with a population of approximately 1.08 million and an area of 601.547 square miles (1,558.0 km2).
According to preliminary statistics, in 2017, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Lucheng County was 25.72 billion yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 8.26 billion yuan, the investment in fixed assets was 23.77 billion yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 25,718 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 10,338 yuan.

Shangqiu
Shangqiu (Chinese: 商丘), alternately romanized as Shangkiu, is a city in eastern Henan province, Central China. It borders Kaifeng to the northwest, Zhoukou to the southwest, and the provinces of Shandong and Anhui to the northeast and southeast respectively. Its population was 7,816,831 inhabitants as of the 2020 Chinese census, of whom 2,831,814 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of two urban districts (Liangyuan and Suiyang) and Yucheng county now being conurbated.

Shangqiu and surrounding area was an important base for the Shang dynasty (c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC), and the city itself was established more than three millennia ago. Shangqiu has grown significantly in recent years. It is located at an important location at the junction of several major railways, making it a major regional transportation hub.
Maidenwell, Lincolnshire
Maidenwell is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of  Lincolnshire, England. The village is 6 miles (10 km) south from Louth. Maidenwell population is included in the civil parish of Burwell. The parish includes the village of Ruckland and the hamlets of Oxcombe, Farforth, and Worlaby.

Louth, Lincolnshire
Louth (/laʊθ/ ⓘ) is a market town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. Louth serves as an important town for a large rural area of eastern Lincolnshire. Visitor attractions include St James' Church, Hubbard's Hills, the market, many independent retailers, and Lincolnshire's last remaining cattle market.