hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Supermarine Spitfire operational history
The Supermarine Spitfire, the only British fighter to be manufactured before, during and after the Second World War, was designed as a short-range fighter capable of defending Britain from bomber attack and achieved legendary status fulfilling this role during the Battle of Britain. According to fighter ace J.E. "Johnnie" Johnson it was the best conventional defensive fighter of the war.

The fighter evolved into a multi-role aircraft capable of operating in different environments. For example, the Spitfire was a pioneer in the role of the unarmed, photo reconnaissance (P.R.) aircraft that relied on high speed and high altitude to avoid detection and attack.

Post-war the Spitfire was to continue to serve as a front line fighter and in secondary roles for several air forces well into the 1950s. The last offensive sorties made by RAF Spitfires were flown by 60 Squadron Mk XVIIIs over Malaya on 1 January 1951.

Rolls-Royce Griffon
The Rolls-Royce Griffon is a British 37-litre (2,240 cu in) capacity, 60-degree V-12, liquid-cooled aero engine designed and built by Rolls-Royce Limited. In keeping with company convention, the Griffon was named after a bird of prey, in this case the griffon vulture.

Design work on the Griffon started in 1938 at the request of the Fleet Air Arm, for use in new aircraft designs such as the Fairey Firefly. In 1939 it was also decided that the engine could be adapted for use in the Spitfire. Development was stopped temporarily to concentrate efforts on the smaller Merlin and the 24-cylinder Vulture; the engine did not go into production until the early 1940s.

The Griffon was the last in the line of V-12 aero engines to be produced by Rolls-Royce with production ceasing in 1955. Griffon engines remain in Royal Air Force service today with the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight.
Port of Haifa
The Port of Haifa (Hebrew: נָמֵל חֵיפָה, romanized: Nāmēl Ḥēyfāh; Arabic: حَيْفَا مِينَة‎, romanized: Mīnāʿ Ḥayfā) is the largest of Israel's three major international seaports, the others being the Port of Ashdod, and the Port of Eilat. Its natural deep-water harbor operates all year long and serves both passenger and merchant ships. It is one of the largest ports in the eastern Mediterranean in terms of freight volume and handles about 30 million tons of cargo per year (not including Israel Shipyards' port). The port employs over 1,000 people, rising to 5,000 when cruise ships dock in Haifa. The Port of Haifa lies north of Haifa's downtown quarter on the Mediterranean and stretches to some three kilometres along the city's central shore with activities ranging from military, industrial, and commercial next to a nowadays-smaller passenger cruising facility and Uri Michaeli Haifa International Airport.

Port of Eilat
The Port of Eilat (Hebrew: נמל אילת) was the only Israeli port on the Red Sea, located at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. This strategic location has given it outsized importance despite being remote from the country's main population centers, and access to the port has played a key role in Arab-Israeli conflicts. The port shut down in July 2025 following a blockade by the Houthi movement.
Tamale, Nurses Training College
The Tamale Nurses Training College is a public tertiary health institution in Tamale in the Northern Region of Ghana.  The college is in the Tamale Metropolitan Assembly.  The activities of the institution are supervised by the Ministry of Health. The University of Ghana awards a Diploma in Nursing after students from the institution have successfully completed a three-year nursing training programme. The institution is accredited by the National Accreditation Board. The Nurses and Midwifery Council (NMC) is the regulates the activities, curriculum and examination of the student nurses and midwives. The council's mandate is enshrined under section 4 (1) of N.R.C.D 117.

Northern Region (Ghana)
The Northern Region is one of the sixteen regions of Ghana. It is situated in the northern part of the country and ranks as the second largest of the sixteen regions. Before its division, it covered an area of 25,000 square kilometres, representing 10 percent of Ghana's area. In December 2018, the Savannah Region and North East Region were created from it.  The Northern Region is divided into 16 districts. The region's capital is Tamale,  Ghana's third-largest city.
John Kiss (artist)
John Kiss (born Jonathan Kis-Lev; September 12, 1985) is a Los Angeles-based author, artist, and peace activist best known for literary activism and public art. She has produced artworks in Tel Aviv, Bethlehem and the United States.

Kiss draws on her family's Holocaust survival as a foundation for her storytelling and developed methods that combine personal history with broader narratives of justice. Her 2024 novel Under the Floorboards explores the stories of Righteous Among the Nations during the Holocaust. Her 2014 mural "27 Club," honoring artists who died at age 27, was recognized by Time Out as one of Tel Aviv's most beautiful. Kiss won the 2008 Bamahane Prize and The Shimon Peres Award for Visionary Leadership (2013).

Bamahane
Bamahane (also BaMahane, Hebrew: במחנה, lit. in the base camp) was a Hebrew-language weekly magazine published by the Israel Defense Forces. It was first published in December 1934 by the Haganah and was published as a weekly until December 2016, when it was moved online until it was formally merged into the IDF's website in January 2020.
Lowest common divisor
The lowest common divisor is a term mistakenly used to refer to:

Lowest common denominator, the lowest common multiple of the denominators of a set of fractions

Greatest common divisor, the largest positive integer that divides each of the integers

Greatest common divisor
In mathematics, the greatest common divisor (GCD), also known as greatest common factor (GCF), of two or more integers, which are not all zero, is the largest positive integer that divides each of the integers. For two integers x, y, the greatest common divisor of x and y is denoted . For example, the GCD of 8 and 12 is 4, that is, gcd(8, 12) = 4.

In the name "greatest common divisor", the adjective "greatest" may be replaced by "highest", and the word "divisor" may be replaced by "factor", so that other names include highest common factor (HCF), etc. Historically, other names for the same concept have included greatest common measure.

This notion can be extended to polynomials (see Polynomial greatest common divisor) and other commutative rings (see § In commutative rings below).
Paranautilus
Paranautilus is a genus of the Nautiloid family Liroceratidae with a very involute, moderately globular, smooth shell. The venter, at the outer rim, is arched, grading into broadly convex flanks. The dorsom, on the inner rim, is deeply impressed.  Septa a close spaced, with slightly sinuous sutures. A member of the Clydonautilaceae, Paranautilus lived during the Middle and Late Triassic (Anisian - Norian) in what is now North America, Europe, and south Asia. Contemporary Liroceratids include Indonautilus and Sibyllonautilus.

Sibyllonautilus
Sibyllonautilus is an extinct genus of nautiloids from the Middle and Late Triassic. It is one of the last of the Tainoceratidae, a family of nautilids whose range begins much earlier in the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian).
Sweater girl
The term "sweater girl" was made popular in the 1940s and 1950s to describe Hollywood actresses like Lana Turner, Jayne Mansfield, and Jane Russell, who adopted the popular fashion of wearing tight, form-fitting sweaters that emphasized the woman's bustline. The sweater girl trend was not confined to Hollywood and was viewed with alarm by some. In 1949 a Pittsburgh police superintendent even singled out the sweater girl as a symptom of the moral decline of postwar youth:

"Women walk the streets, their curves accentuated by their dresses," Superintendent of Police Harvey J. Scott said. "But our real problem is with bobby soxers. They are the sweater girls—just kids showing off their curves and apparently liking it. What kind of mothers and wives are they going to be?"

Sweater
A sweater (North American English) or pullover, also called a jersey or jumper (British English, Hiberno-English and Australian English), is a piece of clothing, typically with long sleeves, made of knitted or crocheted material that covers the upper part of the body. When sleeveless, the garment is often called a slipover,  tank top, or sweater vest.

Sweaters are worn by adults and children, often over a shirt, blouse, T-shirt, or another top, but sometimes next to the skin. Sweaters were traditionally made from wool but can now be made of cotton, synthetic fibers, or any combination of these. There are also seasonal sweaters, including the familiar holiday-themed Christmas sweater.
Fuzan nippō
Fuzan nippō (釜山日報; Korean: 부산일보; RR: Busan Ilbo; MR: Pusan Ilbo) was a Japanese-language newspaper published in Busan, Korea from 1905 to 1945. It previously went by the names Chōsen nippō (朝鮮日報; 조선일보; different from the modern Chosun Ilbo) and Chōsen jiji shinpō (朝鮮時事新報; 조선시사신보).

It was one of the most prominent Japanese newspapers in Korea during the Japanese colonial period, alongside the Keijō nippō and Chōsen shinbun. Upon the 1945 liberation of Korea, the newspaper's assets were seized by the United States and repurposed into the modern Busan Ilbo.

Digital copies are available, scanned and searchable, on the Korean Newspaper Archive. Many original copies of the newspaper from 1914 to 1944 are now stored in the Busan Simin Municipal Library, although some show signs of fire damage.

Korean yen
The yen was the currency of Korea, Empire of Japan between 1910 and 1945. It was equivalent to the Japanese yen and consisted of Japanese currency and banknotes issued specifically for Korea. The yen was subdivided into 100 sen. It replaced the Korean won at par and was replaced by the South Korean won and the North Korean won at par.
Pioneers of Alaska
The Pioneers of Alaska is a fraternal organization based out of Nome, Alaska, focused on preserving the history of early non-Native settlers in the territory. The organization operates through local chapters called Igloos and historically provided mutual aid, civic engagement, and historical preservation support. Today, the Pioneers have approximately 3,100 members, who must be residents of Alaska for at least 20 years to be eligible to join.

The purpose of the Pioneers is stated as “to preserve the names of all Alaska’s pioneers on its rolls; to collect and preserve the literature and incidents of our history; and to promote the best interests of Alaska.”

Pioneer Park (Fairbanks, Alaska)
Pioneer Park is a 44-acre (109-ha) city park in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States run by the Fairbanks North Star Borough Department of Parks and Recreation. The park commemorates Alaskan history with multiple museums and historic displays on site. The park is located along the Chena River and is accessible from Peger and Airport Roads. A waterfront path connects the park to the Carlson Center, Growden Memorial Park and downtown Fairbanks. There is no admission fee to enter the park, though many of the museums and attractions do charge an entrance fee. Concessions are open from Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day, though the park is open year-round and some events are held in the off-season. Free Wi-Fi is available.
2021 Uruguay Open
The 2021 Uruguay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on red clay courts in Montevideo. It was the 16th edition of the tournament for the men which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club in Montevideo, Uruguay between November 8 and 14, 2021. The 2020 edition could not take place due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Uruguay Open
The Uruguay Open is a tennis tournament held in Montevideo, Uruguay since 2005. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts. This is the successor tournament to the earlier Uruguay International Championships (1936–1970), that was last played at the Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club.
Katkari people
The Katkari also called Kathodi, are an Indian tribe from Maharashtra. They have been categorised as a Scheduled tribe. They are bilingual, speaking the Katkari language, a dialect of the Marathi-Konkani languages, with each other; they speak Marathi with the Marathi speakers, who are a majority in the populace where they live. In Maharashtra the Katkari have been designated a particularly vulnerable tribal group, along with two other groups included in this sub-category: the Madia Gond and the Kolam. In the case of the Katkari, this vulnerability derives from their history as a nomadic, forest-dwelling people listed by the British Raj under the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871,  a stigma that continues to this day.

Particularly vulnerable tribal group
A particularly vulnerable tribal group or PVTG (previously known as a primitive tribal group), in the context of India, is a sub-classification of Scheduled Tribe or section of a Scheduled Tribe, that is considered more vulnerable than a regular Scheduled Tribe. The PVTG list was created by the Indian Government with the purpose of better improving the living standards of endangered tribal groups based on priority. PVTGs reside in 18 states and one union territory.
Phani Gopal Sen Gupta
Phani Gopal Sen Gupta (born 2 February 1905 in Purnea City, date of death 18 August 1991) was an Indian politician who served as a member of 1st Lok Sabha from Purnia (Lok Sabha constituency) in Bihar State, India.

He was elected to 2nd, 3rd and 4th Lok Sabha   from Purnea, Bihar.

He was a leader and Freedom Fighter and was the Secretary of Purnea district Raadhi Kayastha Mahasabha.

4th Lok Sabha
The 4th Lok Sabha was in session from 4 March 1967 to 27 December 1970. Its members were elected in February and March 1967. 13 sitting members from the Rajya Sabha were elected to the 4th Lok Sabha in the general election.

Indira Gandhi was again the Prime Minister, as in the 3rd Lok Sabha. Her premiership would continue into the following Lok Sabha, the 5th, which was constituted after the 1971 Indian general election.
Parshall–Hankins Airport
Parshall–Hankins Airport (FAA LID: Y74) is a public use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Parshall, a city in Mountrail County, North Dakota, United States. It is owned by the Parshall Airport Authority. Parshall is located on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, home to the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a general aviation facility.

Parshall, North Dakota
Parshall (Hidatsa: dibiarugareesh) is a city lying within the jurisdictional boundaries of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation. It is located on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in Mountrail County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 949 at the 2020 census. Parshall was founded in 1914 by George Parshall, and is the home of the Paul Broste Rock Museum.

Randy Hedberg, a former NFL quarterback, was born and raised in Parshall. Another notable native of Parshall was Raymond Cross, a stand out high school basketball player and later a law professor in Montana.
Reinaldo Navia
Reinaldo Marcelino Navia Amador (born 10 May 1978) is a retired Chilean footballer.

Navia was a member of the Chile national squad that competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics at Sydney, making an offensive duo with the historic Chilean striker Ivan Zamorano and earning a bronze medal.

C.D. Veracruz
Club Deportivo Veracruz, simplified as CD Veracruz, and also known as Tiburones Rojos de Veracruz, was a Mexican professional football club based in Veracruz. Until 2019, it competed in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and played its home matches at the Estadio Luis "Pirata" Fuente.

Domestically, CD Veracruz won two Liga MX titles and two Copa MX titles.

In December 2019, the FMF announced the disaffiliation of Veracruz from the Liga MX due to economic debts with first team players, its youth system, and the league.
Hearst Ranch
The Hearst Ranch is composed of two cattle ranches in central California. The best known is the original  Hearst Ranch, which surrounds Hearst Castle and comprises about 80,000 acres (320 km2). George Hearst (1820–1891) bought over 30,000 acres (120 km2) of  Rancho Piedra Blanca, an 1840 Mexican land grant, in the late 19th century. He also bought most of  Rancho San Simeon, and part of Rancho Santa Rosa, two other adjacent land grants.

The other ranch is the 73,000-acre (300 km2) Jack Ranch at Cholame, California, which was acquired by the Hearst Corporation in 1966. The Jack Ranch comprises most of Rancho Cholame, an 1844 land grant, plus additional lands. The ranch's Circle C brand is the oldest registered brand in use in California.

A third collection of Hearst ranches was acquired by the Army to form Fort Hunter Liggett.

Rancho Santa Rosa (Estrada)
Rancho Santa Rosa was a 13,184-acre (53.35 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day San Luis Obispo County, California.

It was given in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to Julian Estrada.  The grant extended along the Pacific coast from San Simeon Creek on the north to the present-day town of Harmony on the south, and encompassed present-day Cambria.
UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying Group B
Group B of UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying was one of the ten groups to decide which teams would qualify for the UEFA Euro 2020 finals tournament. Group B consisted of five teams: Lithuania, Luxembourg, Portugal (the title holders), Serbia and Ukraine, where they played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format.

The top two teams, Ukraine and Portugal, qualified directly for the finals. Unlike previous editions, the participants of the play-offs were not decided based on results from the qualifying group stage, but instead based on their performance in the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League.

UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying play-offs
The play-offs of the UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying tournament decided the last four teams that qualified for the UEFA Euro 2020 final tournament, to be staged across Europe in June and July 2020 before being delayed until 2021. Unlike previous editions, the participants of the play-offs were not decided based on results from the qualifying group stage. Instead, 16 teams that failed to qualify through their group were selected based on their performance in the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League. The sixteen teams were then divided into four paths, each containing four teams, with each play-off path featuring two single-leg semi-finals and one single-leg final. The four play-off path winners joined the twenty teams that had already qualified for UEFA Euro 2020. The matches were originally scheduled for March 2020, but were postponed to 8 October and 12 November 2020 by UEFA due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe.
Chilako River
The Chilako River is a tributary of the Nechako River, one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It flows through the Nechako Plateau.

The name "Chilako" comes from the Dakelh name Tsalakhoh, meaning "the river in the hands of the beaver" or "beaver hand river".

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
2026 Texas political party advisory election
Advisory questions will be held in the U.S. state of Texas to gauge statewide primary voter sentiment about party positions. The Texas Democratic Party has put thirteen questions to party primary voters, and the Republican Party of Texas has put ten. The propositions' results will likely influence party platforms at both state conventions later in the year. The questions will be nonbinding, and voters will only be able to answer one slate of questions.

The questions will be held alongside the state's primary elections.

2026 Texas elections
The 2026 Texas elections are scheduled to be held on November 3, 2026. Primary elections will be held on March 3, with runoffs held on May 26 for primary candidates who did not receive a majority of the vote. Early voting in the primary runs from February 17 to February 27.

All of the states' executive offices are up for election, as well as 16 seats of the Texas Senate and all seats of the Texas House of Representatives, all 38 seats in the United States House of Representatives, and one of the state's United States Senate seats.
Humphrey Mmemezi
Humphrey Mmemezi (born 26 February 1955) is a South African politician and civil servant who most recently served as a Member of the National Assembly from March 2023 until May 2024. He previously served in the National Assembly between 2014 and 2019 and served as Chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on Public Works from 2017. He was formerly a Member of the Executive Council for Local Government and Housing in the Gauteng provincial government from 2010 to 2012. He resigned from the provincial government in July 2012 when he was found guilty of contravening the legislature's code of conduct and ethics, including in using his government credit card for personal expenses.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.