hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clarksville, Michigan
Clarksville is a village in Ionia County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, Clarksville had a population of 411. The village is within Campbell Township. The Clarksville ZIP code 48815 serves the northern portion of the township as well the southern portion of Boston Township and small portions of Odessa Township on the east and Bowne Township in Kent County on the west. The biggest thing to happen in Clarksville since 1992 is the opening of a Dollar General store in 2020.

Bowne Township, Michigan
Bowne Township is a civil township of Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 3,289.

The township was organized as a survey township in 1848. It is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is located about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of the city of Grand Rapids.
2022 MTV Movie & TV Awards
The 2022 MTV Movie & TV Awards were an awards presentation that was held on June 5, 2022 at the Barker Hangar in Santa Monica, California. It was the 30th edition of the MTV Movie & TV Awards and the fifth to jointly honor movies and television.

It also was the last Movie & TV Awards ceremony to be broadcast on The CW.

The ceremony was hosted by Vanessa Hudgens and Tayshia Adams, with Hudgens hosting the first half of the ceremony for film and scripted television series, and Adams hosting the second half of the ceremony—MTV Movie & TV Awards: Unscripted—for awards in reality television. Unlike 2021, the two segments were held back-to-back on one night. The ceremony was televised by MTV, with a simulcast on The CW and various Paramount Media Networks cable channels.

MTV Movie & TV Awards
The MTV Movie & TV Awards is a film and television awards show previously presented annually on MTV. It began as the MTV Movie Awards in 1992, when its first edition was held, and adopted its current name in 2017, beginning with its 26th edition.

The awards ceremony has traditionally been tied to the start of the summer blockbuster season for the film industry, and since the launch of the television awards, the opening of that industry's awards season. The nominees are decided by producers and executives at MTV. The winners are then decided by the general public. Presently, voting is done only through an official MTV Movie & TV Awards voting website. Winners are presented with the "Golden Popcorn" statue made by New-York-firm Society Awards.

The 2023 MTV Movie & TV Awards were the most recent as the event was not held in 2024 nor 2025.
144 Vibilia
144 Vibilia is a carbonaceous asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 140 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 June 1875, by German–American astronomer Christian Peters at Litchfield Observatory of the Hamilton College in Clinton, New York, United States. Peters named it after Vibilia, the Roman goddess of traveling, because he had recently returned from a journey across the world to observe the transit of Venus. Peters also discovered 145 Adeona on the same night. The official naming citation was published by Paul Herget in The Names of the Minor Planets in 1955 (H 19).

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (September 19, 1813 – July 18, 1890) was a German–American astronomer and professor at Hamilton College, New York, and a pioneer in the study and visual discovery of asteroids. His name is often given as C. H. F. Peters.
Samuel Rastall
Samuel Rastall (1749–1781) was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the Eighteenth Century.

Rastall was born in Newark-on-Trent and educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge. He was Dean of Killaloe from 1780 until his death.

Dean of Killaloe and Clonfert
The Dean of Killaloe is based at the Cathedral Church of St Flannan in Killaloe in the united diocese of Limerick, Killaloe and Ardfert within the Church of Ireland. The Dean of Killaloe is also Dean of St Brendans, Clonfert, Dean of Kilfenora, and both Dean and Provost of Kilmacduagh.

Since 2020 the incumbent is Roderick Lindsay Smyth.
Dionisio Laurerio
Dionisio Laurerio (1497–1542) (also known as fra Dionisio da Benevento and as the Cardinal of San Marcello) was an Italian Roman Catholic cleric who was the superior general of the Servite Order from 1535 to 1542, a cardinal from 1539, and a bishop from 1540.

Papal legate
A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title legatus) is a personal representative of the Pope to foreign nations, to some other part of the Catholic Church, or to representatives of a state or monarchy. A legate is empowered in matters of Catholic faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters.

The legate is appointed directly by the Pope—the Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church. Hence a legate is usually sent to a government, to a sovereign, to a large body of believers (such as a national church), or to take charge of a major religious effort, such as an ecumenical council, a crusade to the Holy Land, or even against a heresy such as the Cathars.

The term legation is applied both to a legate's mandate and to the territory concerned (such as a state, or an ecclesiastical province). The relevant adjective is legatine.
Innocenzo Bonelli
Innocenzo Bonelli was Captain Regent of San Marino in 1857 (with Domenico Fattori), 1862 (with Gaetano Simoncini), 1866 (with Michele Vita), 1870 (with Ortollero Grazia), and 1877 (with Andrea Barbieri).

Captains Regent
Captains Regent (Italian: Capitani Reggenti; Romagnol: Capitèn Regìnt) are the two heads of state of the Republic of San Marino. They are elected every six months by the Grand and General Council, the country's legislative body. Normally the Captains Regent are chosen from parties in coalition and serve a six-month term. The investiture of the Captains Regent takes place on 1 April and 1 October every year. This tradition dates back at least to 1243.

The practice of dual heads of government (diarchy) is derived directly from the customs of the Roman Republic, equivalent to the consuls of ancient Rome, except the Captains Regent hold no executive power.
Yarmouth Mariners
The Yarmouth Mariners are a Junior "A" team based in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. They play in the Maritime Junior Hockey League. All home games are played out of the 1,501 seat Mariners Centre. The season usually runs from mid-September to early March every year.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
Tugou
Tugou (Chinese: 土狗; pinyin: tǔ gǒu; lit. 'indigenous dog') is a diverse group of dogs native to China and still abundant across the country today. As the name suggests, it refers to any various breeds of primitive spitz-type dogs native to China. Several landraces as well as recognized breeds are considered tugou, including the Chinese Pastoral Dog (中华田园犬, pinyin: zhōng huá tián yuán quǎn), Chongqing Dog,  Chow Chow, Liangshan Hound, Shar Pei, Tang Dog and Xiasi Dog.

Chow Chow
The Chow Chow is a spitz-type of dog breed originally from Northern China. The Chow Chow is a sturdily built dog, square in profile, with a broad skull and small, triangular, erect ears with rounded tips. The breed is known for a very dense double coat that is either smooth or rough.: 4–5  The fur is particularly thick in the neck area, giving it a distinctive ruff or mane appearance. The coat may be shaded/self-red, black, blue, cinnamon/fawn, or cream.: 4–5
Basset force
In a body submerged in a fluid, unsteady forces due to acceleration of that body with respect to the fluid, can be divided into two parts: the virtual mass effect and the Basset force.

The Basset force term describes the force due to the lagging boundary layer development with changing relative velocity (acceleration) of bodies moving through a fluid.
The Basset term accounts for viscous effects and addresses the temporal delay in boundary layer development as the relative velocity changes with time.  It is also known as the "history" term.
The Basset force is difficult to implement and is commonly neglected for practical reasons; however, it can be substantially large when the body is accelerated at a high rate.

This force in an accelerating Stokes flow has been proposed by Joseph Valentin Boussinesq in 1885 and Alfred Barnard Basset in 1888. Consequently, it is also referred to as the Boussinesq–Basset force.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
Nehalennia integricollis
Nehalennia integricollis, the southern sprite, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Nehalennia integricollis is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.

Coenagrionidae
Coenagrionidae is a family of damselflies, also known as pond damselflies, in the order Odonata and the suborder Zygoptera. The Zygoptera are the damselflies, which although less known than the dragonflies, are no less common. More than 1,300 species are in this family, making it the largest damselfly family. The family Coenagrionidae has six subfamilies: Agriocnemidinae, Argiinae, Coenagrioninae, Ischnurinae, Leptobasinae, and Pseudagrioninae.

This family is referred to as the narrow-winged damselflies or the pond damselflies. The Coenagrionidae enjoy a worldwide distribution, and are among the most common of damselfly families. This family has the smallest of damselfly species. More than 110 genera of the family Coenagrionidae are currently accepted.
Ulster GAA
Ulster GAA (Irish: Comhairle Uladh) is the administrative body for the Gaelic Athletic Association the traditional Irish province of Ulster, consisting of the six counties of Northern Ireland plus Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland.

Ulster GAA oversees a range of administrative tasks including the organisation of provincial level competitions such as the annual Ulster Senior Football Championship as well as the Ulster teams which compete in provincial competitions.
Headquartered in Armagh City, the current President is Armagh’s Michael Geoghan and the Secretary is Down’s Brian McAvoy.

Ulster GAA is responsible for Gaelic football, hurling and handball in the province, whilst Ladies Gaelic football, camogie and rounders (despite being a GAA sport) are administered by separate bodies.

Gael Linn Cup
The Gael Linn Cup is a biennial tournament, representative competition for elite level participants in the women's team field sport of camogie, contested by Ireland's four provincial teams with competitions at senior and junior level on alternate years. The tournament has existed in various guides since 1956, currently the senior tournament is played in even years and the junior tournament in odd years. An inter-provincial colleges competition is also played at secondary school/high school level.
Quercus poilanei
Quercus poilanei is an Asian species of tree in the family Fagaceae. It has been found in northern Indochina (Thailand and Vietnam) and also in the Province of Guangxi in southern China.  It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.

Quercus poilanei is a tree up to 16 m. tall. Twigs are orange-brown with a felty coating of hairs. Leaves can be as much as 80 mm long. The acorn is ovoid-ellipsoid or globose, 15-20 × 13–15 mm, with a scar 5–7 mm in diameter.

Acorn
The acorn  is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera Quercus, Notholithocarpus and Lithocarpus, in the family Fagaceae); alternatively known as glans. It usually contains a seedling surrounded by two cotyledons (seedling leaves), enclosed in a tough shell known as the pericarp, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule. Acorns are 1–6 cm (1⁄2–2+1⁄2 in) long and 0.8–4 cm (3⁄8–1+5⁄8 in) on the fat side. Acorns take between 5 and 24 months (depending on the species) to mature; see the list of Quercus species for details of oak classification, in which acorn morphology and phenology are important factors.
Lexicon
A lexicon (pl. lexicons, rarely lexica) is the vocabulary of a language or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).  In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word lexicon derives from Greek word λεξικόν (lexikon), neuter of λεξικός (lexikos) meaning 'of or for words'.

Linguistic theories generally regard human languages as consisting of two parts: a lexicon, essentially a catalogue of a language's words (its wordstock); and a grammar, a system of rules which allow for the combination of those words into meaningful sentences. The lexicon is also thought to include bound morphemes, which cannot stand alone as words (such as most affixes). In some analyses, compound words and certain classes of idiomatic expressions, collocations and other phrasemes are also considered to be part of the lexicon. Dictionaries are lists of the lexicon, in alphabetical order, of a given language; usually, however, bound morphemes are not included.

Lemma (morphology)
In morphology and lexicography, a lemma (pl.: lemmas or lemmata) is the canonical form, dictionary form, or citation form of a set of word forms. In English, for example, break, breaks, broke, broken and breaking are forms of the same lexeme, with break as the lemma by which they are indexed. Lexeme, in this context, refers to the set of all the inflected or alternating forms in the paradigm of a single word, and lemma refers to the particular form that is chosen by convention to represent the lexeme. Lemmas have special significance in highly inflected languages such as Arabic, Turkish, and Russian. The process of determining the lemma for a given lexeme is called lemmatisation. The lemma can be viewed as the chief of the principal parts, although lemmatisation is at least partly arbitrary.
Bishopbriggs railway station
Bishopbriggs railway station is a railway station serving Bishopbriggs in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It is located on the Glasgow to Edinburgh via Falkirk Line, 3+1⁄4 miles (5.2 km) north of Glasgow Queen Street, but is currently only served by services on the Croy Line.

Stirling railway station (Scotland)
Stirling railway station is a railway station located in Stirling, Scotland. It is located on the former Caledonian Railway main line between Glasgow and Perth.  It is the junction for the branch line to Alloa and is also served by trains on the Edinburgh to Dunblane Line and long-distance services to Dundee and Aberdeen and to Inverness via the Highland Main Line.
Monastère Bénédictin Sainte-Marie
Monastère Bénédictin Sainte-Marie, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire, is a Benedictine monastery of the Subiaco Congregation. Established in 1960, by the year 2000 the monastery was home to eight monks. The community is under the leadership of Prior Administrator Fr Jean Décoville.

Bouaké
Bouaké (or Bwake, N’ko: ߓߐ߰ߞߍ߫ Bɔ̀ɔkɛ́) is the second-largest city in Ivory Coast, with a population of 740,000 (2021 census). It is the seat of three levels of subdivision—Vallée du Bandama District, Gbêkê Region, and Bouaké Department. The city is located in the central part of Ivory Coast about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Lake Kossou, the country's largest lake. It is approximately 350 kilometres (220 mi) north of Abidjan on the Abidjan-Niger Railway and about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Yamoussoukro, the capital of the country.
Legislature V of Italy
The Legislature V of Italy (Italian: V Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) was the 5th legislature of the Italian Republic, and lasted from 5 June 1968 until 24 May 1972. Its composition was the one resulting from the general election of 19 May 1968.

It was the first republican legislature to be dismissed before its term's natural expiration.

Giovanni Leone
Giovanni Leone (Italian: [dʒoˈvanni leˈoːne]; 3 November 1908 – 9 November 2001) was an Italian politician, jurist and university professor who was the president of Italy from 1971 to 1978. A founding member of Christian Democracy (DC), Leone briefly served as Prime Minister of Italy from June to December 1963 and again from June to December 1968. He was also President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1955 to 1963.

Leone was the first Italian president to resign because of a scandal. In 1978, he was accused of bribery amid the Lockheed bribery scandals; the allegations were later declared false, and he was rehabilitated.
Oukaïmeden
Oukaïmeden (Berber language: Ukayemdan) is a bouldering location and ski resort in the Atlas Mountains near the Toubkal mountain, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south-southeast of Marrakesh, Morocco.

The skiing area is at an altitude of between 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) and 3,200 metres (10,500 ft) and has six ski lifts. There are some hotels and ski rental facilities nearby. Recently oukaimeden is more known of it’s Bouldering potential then the skiing possibilities.

Oukaimeden used to have a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb) with short but warm summers and long, chilly winters with a great amount of snowfall.

Atlas Mountains
The Atlas Mountains are a mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa. They separate the Sahara Desert from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; the mountain range stretches around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The mountains are associated with the Titan Atlas.  The range's highest peak is Toubkal, in central Morocco, with an elevation of 4,167 metres (13,671 ft). The Atlas Mountains are primarily inhabited by Berber populations.

The terms for 'mountain' are Adrar and adras in some Berber languages, and these terms are believed to be cognates of the toponym Atlas. The mountains are home to a number of animals and plants which are mostly found within Africa but some of which can be found in Europe. Many of these species are endangered and a few are already extinct. The weather is generally cool but summers are sunny, and the average temperature there is 25 °C.
Douglas Hartree
Douglas Rayner Hartree FRS (27 March 1897 – 12 February 1958) was an English mathematician and physicist most famous for the development of numerical analysis and its application to the Hartree–Fock equations of atomic physics and the construction of a differential analyser using Meccano.

Vladimir Fock
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Fock (or Fok; Russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Фок) (December 22, 1898 – December 27, 1974) was a Soviet physicist, who did foundational work on quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics.
Enteritis
Enteritis is inflammation of the small intestine. It is most commonly caused by food or drink contaminated with pathogenic microbes, such as Serratia, but may have other causes such as NSAIDs, radiation therapy as well as autoimmune conditions like coeliac disease. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhoea, dehydration, and fever. Related diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) system (including gastritis, gastroenteritis, colitis, and enterocolitis) may involve inflammation of the stomach and large intestine.

Duodenitis, jejunitis, and ileitis are subtypes of enteritis which are localised to a specific part of the small intestine. Inflammation of both the stomach and small intestine is referred to as gastroenteritis.

Colitis
Colitis is swelling or inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Colitis may be acute and self-limited or long-term. It broadly fits into the category of digestive diseases.

In a medical context, the label colitis (without qualification) is used if:

The cause of the inflammation in the colon is undetermined; for example, colitis may be applied to Crohn's disease at a time when the diagnosis is unknown, or

The context is clear; for example, an individual with ulcerative colitis is talking about their disease with a physician who knows the diagnosis.
Tamaria
Tamaria is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Ophidiasteridae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Tamaria dubiosa (Koehler, 1910)

Tamaria floridae (Perrier, 1881)

Tamaria fusca Gray, 1840

Tamaria giffordensis McKnight, 2001

Tamaria halperni Downey, 1971

Tamaria hirsuta (Koehler, 1910)

Tamaria lithosora H.L.Clark, 1921

Tamaria marmorata (Michelin, 1844)

Tamaria megaloplax (Bell, 1884)

Tamaria obstipa Ziesenhenne, 1942

Tamaria ornata (Koehler, 1910)

Tamaria pusilla (Müller & Troschel, 1844)

Tamaria scleroderma (Fisher, 1906)

Tamaria tenella (Fisher, 1906)

Tamaria triseriata (Fisher, 1906)

Tamaria tumescens (Koehler, 1910)

Ophidiasteridae
The Ophidiasteridae (Greek ophidia, Οφιδια, "of snakes", diminutive form) are a family of sea stars with about 30 genera. Occurring both in the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, ophidiasterids are greatest in diversity in the Indo-Pacific. Many of the genera in this family exhibit brilliant colors and patterns, which sometimes can be attributed to aposematism and crypsis to protect themselves from predators. Some ophidiasterids possess remarkable powers of regeneration, enabling them to either reproduce asexually or to survive serious damage made by predators or forces of nature (an example for this is the genus Linckia). Some species belonging to Linckia, Ophidiaster  and Phataria  shed single arms that regenerate the disc and the remaining rays to form a complete individual. Some of these also reproduce asexually by parthenogenesis.

The name of the family is taken from the genus Ophidiaster, whose limbs are slender, semitubular and serpentine.
Audomarois
Audomarois (French pronunciation: [odɔmaʁwa]) is an "administrative division" in the Pas-de-Calais department of France, once mainly used as a market garden. As its name suggests, it is centered around the town of Saint-Omer and the Marais Audomarois.

Etymologically, "Audomarois" also refers to the inhabitants of the town of Saint-Omer and those of the Marais Audomarois. In 638, King Dagobert decided to Christianize the north of his kingdom and entrusted this mission to 4 monks: Omer, Bertin, Momelin and Ebertram. Audomar (an early form of Omer) became Bishop of Thérouanne.

Neufossé Canal
The Canal de Neufossé (French pronunciation: [kanal də nøfose]) is a French canal connecting the Aa River in Arques to the Canal d'Aire in Aire-sur-la-Lys.  It is a segment of the Canal Dunkerque-Escaut.  In 1760, the Neufossé canal was built to link the river Lys to the Aa, and give Lille and other inland towns a French route to the sea.
Xestia
Xestia is a genus of noctuid moths (family Noctuidae). They are the type genus of the tribe Xestiini in subfamily Noctuinae, though some authors merge this tribe with the Noctuini. Species in this genus are commonly known as "clays", "darts" or "rustics", but such names are commonplace among Noctuidae. Xestia moths have a wide distribution, though they most prominently occur in the Holarctic.

With almost 200 species included at one time, Xestia was something of a "wastebin genus". But almost half of the traditional species are now placed elsewhere (see below), and some of the remaining ones are liable to be assigned to another genus also. On the other hand, new moths that probably do belong in this genus are still being discovered (e.g. X. hypographa, which led to the 2002 transfer of X. ornata from Eugraphe to here). Thus, unless there are drastic taxonomic changes in the future, Xestia is likely to remain one of the larger noctuine genera.

Crypsis
In ecology, crypsis is the ability of an animal or a plant to avoid observation or detection by other animals. It may be part of a predation strategy or an antipredator adaptation. Methods include camouflage, nocturnality, subterranean lifestyle and mimicry. Crypsis can involve visual, olfactory (with pheromones) or auditory concealment. When it is visual, the term cryptic coloration, effectively a synonym for animal camouflage, is sometimes used, but many different methods of camouflage are employed in nature.