hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pythagoras Peak
Pythagoras Peak is the highest peak, 1,275 m, in the central Tula Mountains, standing along the north side of Beaver Glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km) southeast of Mount Storer. The peak has a prominent notch, the eastern aspect being a right-angled triangle with a perpendicular northern face. It was photographed from Mount Riiser-Larsen in February 1958 by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) led by Phillip Law, but was first visited and surveyed in December 1958 by G.A. Knuckey, ANARE surveyor. It was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) after Pythagoras, Greek philosopher, whose theorem concerning a right-angled triangle is well known.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Pythagoras Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

66°59′S 51°20′E﻿ / ﻿66.983°S 51.333°E﻿ / -66.983; 51.333

Mount Storer
Mount Storer (66°53′S 51°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.883°S 51.000°E﻿ / -66.883; 51.000) is a jagged peak in the Tula Mountains, 4 nautical miles (7 km) east-northeast of Mount Harvey. It was sighted from Observation Island in October 1956 by an ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) party led by P.W. Crohn. It was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for William Storer, a radio operator at Mawson Station in 1954.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Storer". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
2021 Nur-Sultan Challenger II – Doubles
This was the second edition of the tournament in the 2021 tennis season. Denys Molchanov and Aleksandr Nedovyesov were the defending champions but only Nedovyesov chose to defend his title, partnering Viktor Troicki. Nedovyesov lost in the semifinals to Nathan Pasha and Max Schnur.

Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow won the title after defeating Pasha and Schnur 6–4, 6–2 in the final.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
Callistosporium vinosobrunneum
Callistosporium vinosobrunneum is a species of agaric fungus in the family Callistosporiaceae.  Newly described to science in 2011, it is known only from  Hawaiian montane wet forests on the islands of Hawaiʻi and Kauaʻi.

Callistosporiaceae
The Callistosporiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains six genera. All species form agaricoid basidiocarps (gilled mushrooms). The family is based on recent DNA research.
Ibn Wahshiyya
Ibn Waḥshiyya (Arabic: ابن وحشية), died c. 930, was a Nabataean (Aramaic-speaking, rural Iraqi) agriculturalist, toxicologist, and alchemist born in Qussīn, near Kufa in Iraq. He is the author of the Nabataean Agriculture (Kitāb al-Filāḥa al-Nabaṭiyya), an influential Arabic work on agriculture, astrology, and magic.

Already by the end of the tenth century, various works were being falsely attributed to him. One of these spurious writings, the Kitāb Shawq al-mustahām fī maʿrifat rumūz al-aqlām ("The Book of the Desire of the Maddened Lover for the Knowledge of Secret Scripts", perhaps 1022–3 CE), is notable as an early proposal that some Egyptian hieroglyphs could be read phonetically, rather than only logographically.

Al-Fihrist
The Kitāb al-Fihrist (Arabic: كتاب الفهرست)  (The Book Catalogue) is a compendium of the knowledge and literature of tenth-century Islam compiled by Ibn al-Nadim (d. 998). It references approx. 10,000 books and 3,500 to 3,700 authors, despite being incomplete. A crucial source of medieval Arabic-Islamic literature, it preserves the names of authors, books and accounts otherwise entirely lost. Al-Fihrist is evidence of Ibn al-Nadim's thirst for knowledge among the sophisticated milieu of Baghdad's intellectual elite. As a record of civilisation transmitted through Muslim culture to the Western world, it provides unique classical material and links to other civilisations.
J. Michael Dorsey
J. Michael Dorsey (born February 6, 1943) is a retired American attorney and administrator. He served as General Counsel of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) from 1987–1989, Administrative Counsel of the Office of the Chief Administrative Officer of the U.S. House of Representatives (CAO) from 1995–2003, and Chief of Administrative Services of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) from 2003–2004. He was briefly Acting Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in 1989 during the transition from the Reagan to the Bush administrations.

United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
The United States secretary of housing and urban development is the head of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, a member of the Cabinet of the United States, and thirteenth in the presidential line of succession. The post was created with the formation of the Department of Housing and Urban Development on September 9, 1965, by President Lyndon B. Johnson's signing of The Department of Housing and Urban Development Act into law. The department's mission is "to increase homeownership, support community development and increase access to affordable housing free from discrimination."

The secretary of housing and urban development is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule, thus earning a salary of US$246,400, as of January 2024.

The current secretary of housing and urban development is Scott Turner, who was sworn in on February 5, 2025.
1998 United States Senate election in New York
The 1998 United States Senate election in New York was held November 3, 1998, along with elections to the United States Senate in other states, as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Republican Senator Al D'Amato lost his bid for a fourth term to Democrat Chuck Schumer in what was considered by many to be the "high[est] profile and nastiest" contest of the year. This was the first time since 1950 that Democrats won the Class 3 United States Senate seat from New York, and the last time an incumbent U.S. Senator from New York lost a general election. Schumer's swearing in marked the first time since 1947 that Democrats held both of New York's U.S. Senate seats.

1950 United States Senate election in New York
The United States Senate election of 1950 in New York was held on November 7, 1950. Incumbent Democratic Senator Herbert H. Lehman was re-elected to a full term in office over Republican Joe Hanley.

This election is also noted for the campaign of African-American cultural and civil rights icon W. E. B. Du Bois, who ran at age 82 on the American Labor Party ticket.
Kirchberg an der Jagst
Kirchberg an der Jagst (German pronunciation: [ˈkɪʁçbɛʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈjakst], lit. 'Kirchberg on the Jagst') is a town in the district of Schwäbisch Hall, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the river Jagst, 11 km northwest of Crailsheim.

The Second World War resistance member Friedrich Gustav Jaeger was born here.

Schwäbisch Hall (district)
Schwäbisch Hall ([ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈhal]) is a Landkreis (district) in the northeast of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Main-Tauber, the Bavarian district Ansbach, Ostalbkreis, Rems-Murr, and Hohenlohe.
Matins Gospel
The Matins Gospel is the solemn chanting of a lection from one of the Four Gospels during Matins in the Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic churches which follow the Byzantine Rite.

The reading of the Gospel is the highpoint of the service, and takes place near the end of the festive portion of the service known as the Polyeleos. During the Divine Liturgy the Gospel is usually read by the deacon, but the Matins Gospel is read by the priest. However, if the bishop is present, he will usually be the one who reads the Matins Gospel.

Matins
Matins (also Mattins) is a canonical hour in Christian liturgy, originally sung during the darkness of early morning (between midnight and dawn).

The earliest use of the term was in reference to the canonical hour, also called the vigil, which was originally celebrated by monks from about two hours after midnight to, at latest, the dawn, the time for the canonical hour of Lauds (a practice still followed in certain orders). It was divided into two or (on Sundays) three nocturns. Outside of monasteries, it was generally recited at other times of the day, often in conjunction with lauds.
Discovery Bay
Discovery Bay is a residential community located on Lantau Island in Hong Kong.

The 2021 census recorded a population of 19,336 residents in DB, with 55% of them being non-Chinese. DB is home to a significant community composed of expatriates from over fifty countries. It is one of the most ethnically diverse places in Hong Kong. With only 45% of the population being Chinese, the largest ethnic minority groups in the community is white (25%) and Filipinos (11.2%). DB is located 2 km west of Hong Kong Disneyland Resort and approximately 12 km west from the nearest point on Hong Kong Island.

Discovery Bay is a key community in Lantau Island (after Tung Chung) and enjoys a very low plot ratio of 0.15.

Cha Chi Ming
Cha Chi-ming GBM, JP (1914 – 28 March 2007), was a Hong Kong industrialist, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He was the Chairman of CDW International Limited, Mingly Corporation Limited, and Hong Kong Resort International Limited and also a member of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Preparatory Committee, a member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee, and a Hong Kong Affairs Adviser.
Dan Enos
Daniel Patrick Enos (born July 1, 1968) is an American football coach and former player who is the quarterbacks coach at Wake Forest University. He was previously the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at the University of Arkansas and the offensive analyst at the University of Florida. He was the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at the University of Miami in 2019. Enos served as head football coach at Central Michigan University from 2010 to 2014. He was also running backs coach at Michigan State University, where he played as a quarterback from 1987 to 1990.

Cincinnati Bearcats football
The Cincinnati Bearcats football team represents the University of Cincinnati in college football. They compete at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level as members of the Big 12 Conference. They have played their home games in historic and renovated Nippert Stadium since 1924. The Bearcats have an all-time record of over .500, having reached their 600th program victory in 2017.
Josef Tichatschek
Josef Aloys Tichatschek (11 July 1807 – 18 January 1886), originally Ticháček, was a Bohemian opera singer highly regarded by Richard Wagner. He created the title roles in Wagner's operas Rienzi and Tannhäuser.

As the first of the great Wagnerian tenors, he effectively was the original Heldentenor, although it is unlikely that his voice was as powerful as that of 20th-century heldentenors such as Lauritz Melchior or Jon Vickers, given the smaller volume of sound produced by orchestras in his heyday.

Lauritz Melchior
Lauritz Melchior (20 March 1890 – 18 March 1973) was a Danish-American opera singer. He was the preeminent Wagnerian heldentenor of the 1920s through the 1940s and has come to be considered the quintessence of his voice type. Late in his career, Melchior appeared in movie musicals and on radio and television. He also made numerous recordings.
Permanent Council of the Organization of American States
The Permanent Council is one of the two main political bodies of the Organization of American States, the other being the General Assembly.

The Permanent Council is established under Chapter XII of the OAS Charter. It is composed of ambassadors appointed by the member states (one per state), and it meets regularly at OAS headquarters in Washington, D.C., United States. The chair of the Council rotates among these permanent representatives of the member states, with each country chairing the Council for a three-month period.

Together, the General Assembly and the Permanent Council set broad priorities for the OAS; because it meets more regularly, however, the Council has immediate responsibility for directing the Organization's ongoing actions.

Charter of the Organization of American States
The Charter of the Organization of the American States (otherwise known the Charter of the OAS) is a Pan-American treaty that sets out the creation of the Organization of American States. It was signed at the Ninth International Conference of American States of 30 April 1948, held in Bogotá, Colombia. The treaty came into effect on 13 December 1951.
Zeunerite
Zeunerite is a green copper uranium arsenate mineral with formula Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2·(10-16)H2O. It is a member of the autunite group. The associated mineral metazeunerite is a dehydration product of zeunerite.

Zeunerite occurs as a secondary mineral in the oxidized weathering zone of hydrothermal uranium ore deposits which contain arsenic. Olivenite, mansfieldite, scorodite, azurite and malachite are found in association with zeunerite.

It was first described in 1872 for an occurrence in the Schneeberg District, Ore Mountains, Saxony, Germany. It was named for Gustav Anton Zeuner (1828–1907).

Scorodite
Scorodite is a common hydrated iron arsenate mineral, with the chemical formula FeAsO4·2H2O. It is found in hydrothermal deposits and as a secondary mineral in gossans worldwide. Scorodite weathers to limonite.

Scorodite was discovered in Schwarzenberg, Saxony, Germany. Named from the Greek Scorodion, "garlicky". When heated it smells of garlic, which gives it the name.
Junior Eldstål
Junior Gunnar Putera Eldstål (born 16 September 1991) is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Malaysia Super League club Johor Darul Ta'zim and the Malaysia national team.

2013 Malaysia Premier League
The 2013 Liga Premier (English: 2013 Premier League), also known as the Astro Liga Premier for sponsorship reasons, was the 10th season of the Liga Premier, the second-tier professional football league in Malaysia.

The season was held from 7 January and concluded on 5 July 2013.

The Liga Premier champions for 2013 season was Sarawak. The champions and runners-up were both promoted to 2014 Liga Super.
1781 Van Biesbroeck
1781 Van Biesbroeck (prov. designation: A906 UB) is a Vesta asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1906, by German astronomer August Kopff at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. It was named after astronomer George Van Biesbroeck.

August Kopff
August Kopff (February 5, 1882 – April 25, 1960) was a German astronomer and discoverer of several comets and asteroids.

Kopff studied and worked in Heidelberg, getting his PhD there in 1906 and he then joined the Humboldt University of Berlin where he became the Director of the Institute for Astronomical Calculation.

He discovered some comets, including periodic comet 22P/Kopff and the non-periodic C/1906 E1. He discovered a number of asteroids, including notably the Trojan asteroids 617 Patroclus and 624 Hektor.

The lunar crater Kopff is named after him, as is the asteroid 1631 Kopff. Minor planet 805 Hormuthia is named after his wife, Hormuth.
Kamakis
Kamakis (or Kamaki's) is an area located along the Nairobi Eastern Bypass Highway. Often referred to as "Nairobi's Nyama Choma Belt", the area is administratively in Ruiru, Kiambu County which by extension falls within the greater Nairobi Metropolitan Region.

Kiambu County
Kiambu County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya located in the Mount Kenya region of Kenya. Its capital is Kiambu and its largest town is Thika town. Kiambu County is the second most populous county in Kenya after Nairobi County. Kiambu County borders Nairobi and Kajiado Counties to the South, Machakos to the East, Murang'a to the North and North East, Nyandarua to the North West, and Nakuru to the West. It has a population of 2,417,735.

The county is 40% rural and 60% urban owing to Nairobi's consistent growth Northwards. The Kikuyu are the dominant tribe in the county. Kiambu is also an economic and political powerhouse in Kenya due to its sprawling population and relatively urban and educated populace. The county features the second most universities only behind Nairobi.
Imanishi Family Residence
The Imanishi Family Residence (今西家住宅, Imanishi-ke jūtaku) is one of a Group of Traditional Buildings in Imai-cho, Kashihara, Nara Prefecture Japan. It dates to 1650 and has been designated an Important Cultural Property.

As well as being the minka or machiya of the Imanishi family, it served as the jinya, or centre and court, of Imai, then an autonomous town.

Its roof is made in the form of "yatsumune-zukuri" (八棟造), which means "complicated roof style with multiple ridges and bargeboards".

Kashihara, Nara
Kashihara (橿原市, Kashihara-shi) is a city located in Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2024, the city had an estimated population of 118,674 in 56,013 households, and a population density of 3000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 39.56 km2 (15.27 sq mi). A number of historical sites in Kashihara are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage (Cultural Heritage) Tentative List as "The Asuka and Fujiwara Imperial Capitals and Related Properties," including the remains of Fujiwara-kyō, Hon-Yakushi-ji temple ruins, Maruyama Kofun, and the Yamato Sanzan.
Beam tetrode
A beam tetrode, sometimes called  a beam power tube, is a type of vacuum tube or thermionic valve that has two grids and forms the electron stream from the cathode into multiple partially collimated beams to produce a low potential space charge region between the anode and screen grid to return anode secondary emission electrons to the anode when the anode potential is less than that of the screen grid. Beam tetrodes are usually used for power amplification, from audio frequency to radio frequency. The beam tetrode produces greater output power than a triode or pentode with the same anode supply voltage. The first beam tetrode marketed was the Marconi N40, introduced in 1935. Beam tetrodes manufactured and used in the 21st century include the 4CX250B, KT66 and variants of the 6L6.

Secondary emission
In particle physics, secondary emission is a phenomenon where primary incident particles of sufficient energy, when hitting a surface or passing through some material, induce the emission of secondary particles.  The term often refers to the emission of electrons when charged particles like electrons or ions in a vacuum tube strike a metal surface; these are called secondary electrons. In this case, the number of secondary electrons emitted per incident particle is called secondary emission yield. If the secondary particles are ions, the effect is termed secondary ion emission.  Secondary electron emission is used in photomultiplier tubes and image intensifier tubes to amplify the small number of photoelectrons produced by photoemission, making the tube more sensitive.  It also occurs as an undesirable side effect in electronic vacuum tubes when electrons from the cathode strike the anode, and can cause parasitic oscillation.
Claretians
The Claretians, officially named the Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Latin: Congregatio Missionariorum Filiorum Immaculati Cordis Beatae Mariae Virginis; abbreviated CMF), is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men headquartered in Rome. It was founded on July 16, 1849, by Fr. Antonio María Claret y Clará, C.M.F. They are active as  missionaries worldwide, in 70 countries on five continents. The number of Claretian priests and brothers is at more than 3,000. The Congregation has a particular devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and members have published extensively in Mariology.

522 Spanish Martyrs
The 522 Spanish Martyrs were victims of the Spanish Civil War beatified by the Roman Catholic Church on 13 October 2013 by order of Pope Francis. It was one of the largest number of persons ever beatified in a single ceremony in the Church's 2000-year history. They originated from all parts of Spain. Their ages ranged from 18 to 86 years old.
2000–01 Monmouth Hawks men's basketball team
The 2000–01 Monmouth Hawks men's basketball team represented Monmouth University during the 2000–01 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Hawks, led by fourth-year head coach Dave Calloway, played their home games at the William T. Boylan Gymnasium and were members of the Northeast Conference. They finished the season 21–10, 15–5 in NEC play to finish in second place. They won the Northeast Conference Basketball tournament to earn the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. Playing as the No. 16 seed in the East region, the Hawks were beaten by No. 1 seed and eventual National champion Duke in the opening round.

2001 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2001 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held in March.  The tournament featured the league's top eight seeds. Monmouth won the championship, its second, and received the conference's automatic bid to the 2001 NCAA Tournament.
1975 Haicheng earthquake
On February 4, 1975, at 19:36 CST, an earthquake of Ms 7.5 and intensity (MMI) IX hit the city of Haicheng, Liaoning, China. The successful early evacuation ordered by Chinese officials, based mainly on the pronounced foreshock sequence leading up to the earthquake, makes it a notable instance of earthquake prediction. The evacuation remains the only successful evacuation of a potentially affected population before an earthquake in history. The evacuation of the city prevented up to 150,000 deaths according to estimates, however, many died from fire and hypothermia in the subsequent days.

None of the precursors observed in this earthquake were observed in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed over 240,000 a year later.

Haicheng, Liaoning
Haicheng (Chinese: 海城; pinyin: Hǎichéng; lit. 'Sea City') is a county-level city in central Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of the provincial capital Shenyang. It is under the administration of Anshan City, the seat of which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) to the northeast.

Haicheng has an area of 2,576 square kilometres (995 sq mi) and as of the 2020 census, a decreasing population of 1,067,905 inhabitants (1,232,739 in 2020).

The infamous warlord General Zhang Zuolin was born in Haicheng.