hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1790s
The 1790s (pronounced "seventeen-nineties") was the decade that began on January 1, 1790, and ended on December 31, 1799. Considered as some of the Industrial Revolution's earlier days, the 1790s called for the start of an anti-imperialist world, as new democracies such as the French First Republic and the United States began flourishing at this era. Revolutions – both political and social – forever transformed global politics and art, as wars such as the French Revolutionary Wars and the American Revolutionary War moulded modern-day concepts of liberalism, partisanship, elections, and the political compass.

Peace of Basel
The Peace of Basel of 1795 consists of three peace treaties involving France during the French Revolution (represented by François de Barthélemy).

The first was with Prussia (represented by Karl August von Hardenberg) on 5 April;

The second was with Spain (represented by Domingo de Iriarte) on 22 July, ending the War of the Pyrenees; and

The third was with the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (represented by Friedrich Sigismund Waitz von Eschen) on 28 August, concluding the stage of the French Revolutionary Wars against the First Coalition.

With great diplomatic cunning, the treaties enabled France to placate and divide its enemies of the First Coalition, one by one. Thereafter, Revolutionary France emerged as a major European power.
2020–21 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 10
The 2020–21 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 10 is the 10th event of the season and was held in Östersund, Sweden, from 19 to 21 March 2021. Originally it was scheduled to be held at Oslo-Holmenkollen, Norway, but due to the restrictions, imposed by the Norwegian government due to the COVID-19 pandemic, on 13 February it was announced that the final round will be held at Östersund.

2020–21 Biathlon World Cup
The 2020–21 Biathlon World Cup (BWC) was a multi-race series over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started on 28 November 2020 in Kontiolahti, Finland and ended on 21 March 2021 in Östersund, Sweden.

Starting from this season a blue bib will be introduced for the best biathlete under the age of 25.
Urinary tract ultrasound
Ultrasound of the urinary tract involves the use of an ultrasound probe to image parts of the urinary tract. The urinary tract is the path that urine follows after it is formed within the kidneys, and involves a left and right ureter, the bladder, and the urethra.

Computed tomography urography
A computed tomography urography (CT urography or CT urogram) is a computed tomography scan that examines the urinary tract after contrast dye is injected into a vein.

In a CT urogram, the contrast agent is through a cannula into a vein, allowed to be cleared by the kidneys and excreted through the urinary tract as part of the urine.
2010 WABA Champions Cup
The WABA Champions Cup 2010 was the 13th staging of the WABA Champions Cup, the basketball club tournament of West Asia Basketball Association. The tournament was held in Tehran, Iran. The top four teams from different countries qualify to the FIBA Asia Champions Cup 2010.

WABA Champions Cup
The WABA Champions Cup, between 2011 and 2012 known as the West Asian Basketball League (WABL), was the West Asian club championship for basketball organized by West Asia Basketball Association, and took place every year, It also served as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Asia Champions Cup.
IT performance management
In a business or IT Management context, IT performance management is concerned with measuring the expenditure of capital and human resources on Information Technology projects. This allows the business to determine how these expenditures improve strategic and operational capabilities of the firm in designing and developing products and services for maximum customer satisfaction, corporate productivity, profitability, and competitiveness. This type of IT Performance Management is usually of interest to executive level IT personnel, all the way up to the Chief Information Officer (CIO), and is related to IT Portfolio Management.

Information technology management
Information technology management (IT management) is the discipline whereby all of the information technology resources of a firm are managed in accordance with its needs and priorities. Managing the responsibility within a company entails many of the basic management functions, like budgeting, staffing, change management, and organizing and controlling, along with other aspects that are unique to technology, like software design, network planning, tech support etc.
Bite registration
Bite registration is a technique carried out in dental procedures, where an impression is taken of the teeth while biting together, to capture the way they meet together in a bite. This process is crucial for creating dental restorations, such as crowns, bridges, and dentures, as well as for diagnosing and treating bite-related issues like temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Bite registration helps dentists to ensure proper alignment of the teeth in the upper and lower jaw, leading to optimal function, comfort, and aesthetics. Various methods and materials are used to record bite registrations, depending on the specific needs of the patient and the type of treatment.

Dental impression
A dental impression is a negative imprint of hard and soft tissues in the mouth from which a positive reproduction, such as a cast or model, can be formed. It is made by placing an appropriate material in a dental impression tray which is designed to roughly fit over the dental arches. The impression material is liquid or semi-solid when first mixed and placed in the mouth. It then sets to become an elastic solid, which usually takes a few minutes depending upon the material. This leaves an imprint of a person's dentition and surrounding structures of the oral cavity.

Digital impressions using computerized scanning are now available.
2002 Prince Edward Island Scott Tournament of Hearts
The 2002 Prince Edward Island Scott Tournament of Hearts was held February 1–5  at the Silver Fox Curling Club in Summerside, Prince Edward Island. The winning team was Team Kathy O'Rourke who represented Prince Edward Island, finished with a 3-8 round-robin record at the 2002 Scott Tournament of Hearts in Brandon, Manitoba.

PEI Women's Curling Championship
The PEI Women's Curling Championship, formerly the Prince Edward Island Scotties Tournament of Hearts is the provincial women's curling championship in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island. The tournament is run by Curl PEI, the provincial curling association. The winning team represents Prince Edward Island at the Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
1993 European 300 m Rifle Championships
The 1993 European 300 m Rifle Championships was the 8th edition of the 300 m rifle competition, European 300 m Rifle Championships, organised by the International Shooting Sport Federation as a stand alone championships.

European 300 m Rifle Championships
The European 300 m Rifle Championships are special shooting sport championships of 300 metre rifle discipline, organized discontinuously as a stand alone championships by the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) since 1959.
Sakura-dōri Line
The Sakura-dōri Line (桜通線, Sakura-dōri-sen) is a subway line in Nagoya, Japan, part of the Nagoya Municipal Subway system. It runs from Taiko-dori in Nakamura Ward to Tokushige in Midori Ward, all within Nagoya. The Sakura-dōri Line's color on maps is red and stations are labeled with the prefix "S". Officially, the line is called the Nagoya City Rapid Railway Line 6 (名古屋市高速度鉄道第6号線, Nagoya-shi Kōsokudo Tetsudō Dai-roku-gō-sen). All stations accept manaca, a rechargeable contactless smart card, and other major Japanese IC cards.

The first section of the line opened in 1989. Between Nagoya and Imaike, the line runs under Sakura-dōri Avenue, serving as a bypass to the Higashiyama Line. Until 2015, it was the only Nagoya Municipal Subway line to use automatic train operation.

All platforms are 8 cars long but only 5-car trains are currently operated.

Higashiyama Line
The Higashiyama Line (東山線, Higashiyama-sen) is a subway line in Nagoya, Japan, part of the Nagoya Municipal Subway system. It runs from Takabata in Nakagawa Ward to Fujigaoka in Meitō Ward, all within Nagoya. The Higashiyama Line's color on maps is yellow and stations are labeled with the prefix "H". Officially, the line is called the Nagoya City Rapid Railway Line 1 (名古屋市高速度鉄道第1号線, Nagoya-shi Kōsokudo Tetsudō Dai-ichi-gō-sen). All stations accept manaca, a rechargeable contactless smart card, and other major Japanese IC cards.

The Higashiyama Line is the oldest on the system; the first section of the line opened in 1957. The line links Nagoya Station and Sakae, the CBD of Nagoya. As such, the line has the highest ridership among Nagoya Municipal Subway lines. Upon arrivals and departures at both Nagoya and Fujigaoka Stations, announcements are made in five languages: Japanese, English, Korean, Chinese, and Portuguese.
Partridge
A partridge is a medium-sized galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdicinae subfamily of the Phasianidae (pheasants, quail, etc.). However, molecular research suggests that partridges are not a distinct taxon within the superfamily Phasianoidea, but that some species are closer to the pheasants, while others are closer to the junglefowl.

Snow partridge
The snow partridge (Lerwa lerwa) is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae found widely distributed across the high-altitude Himalayan regions of Pakistan, China, India and Nepal. It is the only species within its genus, and is thought to be the most basal member of the "erectile clade" of the subfamily Phasianinae. The species is found in alpine pastures and open hillside above the treeline but not in as bare rocky terrain as the Himalayan snowcock and is not as wary as that species. Males and females look similar in plumage but males have a spur on their tarsus.
Callie V. Granade
Callie Virginia Granade (née Smith; born March 7, 1950) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama. The first female federal prosecutor in Mobile, Granade became the first woman in Alabama to be named a fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers, and the first female federal district judge in her district.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:

Eastern District of Louisiana

Middle District of Louisiana

Western District of Louisiana

Northern District of Mississippi

Southern District of Mississippi

Eastern District of Texas

Northern District of Texas

Southern District of Texas

Western District of Texas

The Fifth Circuit has 17 active judgeships, and is headquartered at the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, with the clerk's office located at the F. Edward Hebert Federal Building in New Orleans.

Originally, the Fifth Circuit also included the federal district courts in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. In 1981, the district courts for those states were transferred to the newly created U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
Mondegreen
A mondegreen (/ˈmɒndɪˌɡriːn/ ⓘ) is a mishearing or misinterpretation of a phrase in a way that gives it a new meaning. Mondegreens are most often created by a person listening to a poem or a song; the listener, being unable to hear a lyric clearly, substitutes words that sound similar and make some kind of sense. The American writer Sylvia Wright coined the term in 1954, recalling a childhood memory of her mother reading the Scottish ballad "The Bonnie Earl o' Moray", and mishearing the words "laid him on the green" as "Lady Mondegreen".

"Mondegreen" was included in the 2000 edition of the Random House Webster's College Dictionary, and in the Oxford English Dictionary in 2002. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary added the word in 2008.

Reliques of Ancient English Poetry
The Reliques of Ancient English Poetry (sometimes known as Reliques of Ancient Poetry or simply Percy's Reliques) is a collection of ballads and popular songs collected by Bishop Thomas Percy and published in 1765.
USS St. Lawrence
USS St. Lawrence was a Potomac-class frigate of the United States Navy. Laid down in 1826, she was completed for service in the Mexican-American war, and commissioned in 1848. Instead, she sailed to Europe to train Prussian sailors and made several other trans-Atlantic voyages. In 1851, she was reassigned to the Pacific to serve as the Pacific squadron's flagship before she was reassigned to sail to Brazil as part of the Paraguay expedition in 1856. During the American Civil War, she joined the Union Blockade and seized several blockade runners before running aground at the Battle of Hampton Roads. After the battle, she protected Washington D.C. and rejoined the blockade before she was decommissioned and reused as a storeship in 1863. She was then reused as a barracks ship before being sold of in 1875.

Atlantic Blockading Squadron
The Atlantic Blockading Squadron was a unit of the United States Navy created in the early days of the American Civil War to enforce the Union blockade of the ports of the Confederate States. It was formed in 1861 and split up the same year for the creation of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron and the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron.
Inferior sagittal sinus
The inferior sagittal sinus (also known as inferior longitudinal sinus), within the human head, is an area beneath the brain which allows blood to drain outwards posteriorly from the center of the head. It drains (from the center of the brain) to the straight sinus (at the back of the head), which connects to the transverse sinuses.  See diagram (at right): labeled in the brain as "SIN. SAGITTALIS INF." (for Latin: sinus sagittalis inferior).

The inferior sagittal sinus courses along the inferior border of the falx cerebri, superior to the corpus callosum.

It receives blood from the deep and medial aspects of the cerebral hemispheres and drains into the straight sinus.

Transverse sinuses
The transverse sinuses (left and right lateral sinuses), within the human head, are two areas beneath the brain which allow blood to drain from the back of the head. They run laterally in a groove along the interior surface of the occipital bone. They drain from the confluence of sinuses (by the internal occipital protuberance) to the sigmoid sinuses, which ultimately connect to the internal jugular vein.  See diagram (at right): labeled under the brain as "SIN. TRANS." (for Latin: sinus transversus).
Limonium bonduellei
Limonium bonduellei, the yellow statice (a name it shares with Limonium sinuatum), is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility calls it Algerian statice and lists it as Limonium sinuatum subsp. bonduellei, but a 2018 molecular study showed that it is good species with 100% bootstrap support. An annual facultative halophyte reaching 50 cm (20 in), it is native to Spain and North Africa, and has been introduced to Italy. It is naturalized in New Zealand.

The British florists' association Interflora claims that its cultivar 'Forever Gold' is one of the most popular and widely available taxa of Limonium in the trade and in gardens, along with Limonium platyphyllum. The Royal Horticultural Society lists 'Forever Gold' as a cultivar of Limonium sinuatum.

Limonium sinuatum
Limonium sinuatum, commonly known as wavyleaf sea lavender, statice, sea lavender, notch leaf marsh rosemary, sea pink, is a Mediterranean plant species in the family Plumbaginaceae known for its papery flowers that can be used in dried arrangements.

It is native to the whole Mediterranean Basin. It usually grows up in sandy grounds.
Raaga (radio station)
Raaga (formerly THR Raaga, stylised as raaga) is a Malaysian Tamil-language radio station operated by Astro Radio. In 2015, as according to Nielsen RAM Survey Wave #1, THR Raaga maintained its position as Malaysia's leading Tamil-language station with over two million listeners. It also emerged as South East Asia's No.1 Tamil radio station by beating state-owned Minnal FM and Singapore-based Oli 96.8FM.

The station is well known for its breakfast show, Kalakkal Kaalai, which began broadcasting on 1 August 2006. The Hindi Power is also carried on the station since early 2010, which was previously broadcast on Gegar.

THR Raaga became a 24-hour radio station on all FM frequencies for the first time in July 2018, removing the entire Gegar broadcasts during 02:00 to 06:00. Previously, Raaga's broadcasts during these hours was only available via online and Channel 859 Astro.

Oli 968
Oli 968 (Tamil: ஒலி 968) is a Tamil-language radio station in Singapore. Owned by the state-owned broadcaster Mediacorp, it broadcasts programming serving Indian Singaporeans, including music of Tamil Nadu.

The station's origins can be traced back to Radio Malaya Singapore's Red Network—which broadcast programming in Tamil. The station later became the Tamil Service of Radio Television Singapore, and began to be relayed on 95.8 FM on 15 July 1967. It became known as Radio 4 on 1 January 1982, and later Olikkalanjiam 96.8FM on 1 November 1991. The station was simulcast on AM and FM until 31 December 1993.

An audio simulcast of Oli 968 is carried by Mediacorp's Tamil television channel Vasantham after sign-off.
Cruls (crater)
Cruls is an impact crater in the Eridania quadrangle on Mars at 42.91° S and 163.03° E. and is 87.89 km in diameter. Its name was assigned in 1973 by the International Astronomical Union, in honor of Brazilian astronomer Luís Cruls. Evidence of previous glacial activity is evident in images.

Eridania quadrangle
The Eridania quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Eridania quadrangle is also referred to as MC-29 (Mars Chart-29).

The Eridania quadrangle lies between 30° and 65° south latitude and 180° and 240° west longitude on the planet Mars.  Most of the classic region named Terra Cimmeria is found within this quadrangle.  It is named after a region on the Po River, Italy.   The name was approved by the IAUP in 1958.

Part of the Electris deposits, a 100–200 meters thick, light-toned deposit covers the Eridania quadrangle.  Many slopes in Eridania contain gullies, which are believed to be caused by flowing water.
Frankie Curry
Frankie Curry (c. 1955 – 17 March 1999) was a Northern Irish loyalist who was involved with a number of paramilitary groups during his long career. A critic of the Northern Ireland peace process, Curry was killed during a loyalist feud.

Henry McDonald (writer)
Henry Patrick McDonald (6 July 1965 – 19 February 2023) was a Northern Irish journalist and author. He was a correspondent for The Guardian and Observer, and from 2021 was the political editor of The News Letter, one of Northern Ireland's national daily newspapers, based in Belfast.
Thorolf Kveldulfsson
Thorolf Kveldulfsson was the oldest son of Kveldulf Bjalfasson and brother of the Norwegian/Icelandic goði and skald Skalla-Grimr. His ancestor (great uncle) Hallbjorn was nicknamed "halftroll", possibly indicating Norwegian-Sami ancestry.

He served as a retainer of Harald I of Norway (Harald Fairhair). Thorolf is a hero of the early part of Egils saga.

Hallbjorn Halftroll
Hallbjorn Halftroll or Hallbjorn Ulfsson was an early ninth century Norwegian hersir. He was the father of Ketil Trout of Hrafnista. He is mentioned in the Ketils saga hœngs as well as Egils saga and the Landnámabók. He was likely Norwegian-Sami.
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Fundamenta Mathematicae is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics with a special focus on the foundations of mathematics, concentrating on set theory, mathematical logic, topology and its interactions with algebra, and dynamical systems.

The first specialized journal in the field of mathematics, originally it covered only topology, set theory, and foundations of mathematics. It is published by the Mathematics Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Kazimierz Kuratowski
Kazimierz Kuratowski (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈʑimjɛʂ kuraˈtɔfskʲi]; 2 February 1896 – 18 June 1980) was a Polish mathematician and logician. He was one of the leading representatives of the Warsaw School of Mathematics. He worked as a professor at the University of Warsaw and at the Mathematical Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IM PAN). Between 1946 and 1953, he served as President of the Polish Mathematical Society.

He is primarily known for his contributions to set theory, topology, measure theory and graph theory. Some of the notable mathematical concepts bearing Kuratowski's name include Kuratowski's theorem, Kuratowski closure axioms, Kuratowski-Zorn lemma and Kuratowski's intersection theorem.
2017 Latrobe City Traralgon ATP Challenger
The 2017 Latrobe City Traralgon ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard court. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Traralgon, Australia between 23–29 October 2017.

2017 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2017, was the secondary men's professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2017 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 155 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 40th edition of the challenger tournaments cycle, and 9th under the name of Challenger Tour.
USS Tulip (1862)
USS Tulip was a 183-ton steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

Tulip was outfitted with heavy guns and was used by the Navy as a gunboat to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy in order to prevent the South from trading with other countries.

Potomac Flotilla
The Potomac Flotilla, also called the Potomac Squadron, was a unit of the United States Navy created in the early days of the American Civil War to secure Union communications in the Chesapeake Bay, the Potomac River and their tributaries, and to disrupt Confederate communications and shipping there.
Kvelde
Kvelde is a village in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located along the banks of the river Numedalslågen. The town of Larvik is located about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) to the south, the village of Gjone lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south, and the large lake Farris lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest.

The 0.75-square-kilometre (190-acre) village has a population (2022) of 1,103 and a population density of 1,472 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,810/sq mi).

The name stems from a local word meaning "turn of the river". The local Kvelde Church dates from 1871. The nearby Musekollen is the highest point in the area, just north of the village.

Farris
Farris is a lake on the border of Telemark and Vestfold counties in Norway. The 20-kilometre (12 mi) long freshwater moraine-dammed lake is located mostly in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold, but the northwestern part of the lake is located in Siljan Municipality and Porsgrunn Municipality in Telemark. The large town of Larvik is located at the southern end of the lake.

The 21-square-kilometre (8.1 sq mi) lake would have been part of the saltwater Larviksfjorden, had it not been dammed by an end moraine left by the latest ice age. That moraine is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide, separating the lake from the sea. There is a short river that runs through the moraine which drains the lake into the fjord. The lake Farris is a drinking water reservoir for about 170,000 people in the region.

The largest island in the lake is Bjørnøya, located just east of the village of Kjose. The mineral water brand Farris is named after the lake.