hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Santa Maria Madre della Provvidenza a Monte Verde
Santa Maria Madre della Provvidenza a Monte Verde is a 20th-century parochial church and titular church in Rome, dedicated to Our Lady of Providence. It is located in the Monteverde area, 2.5 km (1.6 mi) south of Vatican City.

Monteverde (Rome)
Monteverde is an urban zone of the quarter Gianicolense in Rome, Italy.
It is located just outside the Aurelian Walls, south of the Janiculum hill and southwest of Trastevere.
Monteverde means green mountain and is named after a hill upon which the zone is located and which is not part of the classical seven hills of Rome.
Armenian numerals
Armenian numerals form a historic numeral system created using the majuscules (uppercase letters) of the Armenian alphabet.

There was no notation for zero in the old system, and the numeric values for individual letters were added together. The principles behind this system are the same as for the ancient Greek numerals and Hebrew numerals. In modern Armenia, the familiar Arabic numerals are used. In contemporary writing, Armenian numerals are used more or less like Roman numerals in modern English, e.g. Գարեգին Բ. means Garegin II and Գ. գլուխ means Chapter III (as a headline).

The final two letters of the Armenian alphabet, "o" (Օ) and "fe" (Ֆ), were added to the Armenian alphabet only after Arabic numerals were already in use, to facilitate transliteration of other languages. Thus, they sometimes have a numerical value assigned to them.

Greek numerals
Greek numerals, also known as Ionic, Ionian, Milesian, or Alexandrian numerals, is a system of writing numbers using the letters of the Greek alphabet. In modern Greece, they are still used for ordinal numbers and in contexts similar to those in which Roman numerals are still used in the Western world. For ordinary cardinal numbers, however, modern Greece uses Arabic numerals.
Raymond Eddé
Raymond Eddé (Arabic: ريمون إدّه; 15 March 1913 – 10 May 2000) was a Lebanese Maronite statesman and za'im (political boss) who served his country for many years as a legislator and cabinet minister.  He led the Lebanese National Bloc, an influential political party.  The son of former President Émile Eddé, Raymond Eddé was himself a candidate for the presidency in 1958, and was proposed for the post on numerous subsequent occasions. He is remembered for having held consistent views, which he refused to compromise for the sake of political gain.  His supporters called him "Lebanon's Conscience."  He was a strong nationalist, who opposed the French Mandate, and later, Syrian, Israeli, and Palestinian military interventions in Lebanon.

Lebanese Sunni Muslims
Lebanese Sunni Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون السنة اللبنانيين) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias. Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to a CIA 2018 study, Lebanese Sunni Muslims constitute an estimated 30.6% of Lebanon's population.

The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's capital city - Beirut (West Beirut /or Beirut II), as well as Tripoli, Sidon, Western Beqaa, and in the countryside of the Akkar, Arsal. They also have a notable presence in Zahlé, Southern Lebanon, Marjaayoun and Chebaa.

Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only ones eligible for the post of Prime Minister.
Caldwell-Luc surgery
Caldwell-Luc surgery, Caldwell-Luc operation, also known as Caldwell-Luc antrostomy, and Radical antrostomy, is an operation to remove irreversibly damaged mucosa of the maxillary sinus. It is done when maxillary sinusitis is not cured by medication or other non-invasive technique. The approach is mainly from the anterior wall of the maxilla bone. It was introduced by George Caldwell (1893)and Henry Luc (1897).
The maxillary sinus is entered from two separate openings, one in the canine fossa to gain access to the antrum and other in the naso antral wall for drainage.

Maxillary sinus
The pyramid-shaped maxillary sinus (or antrum of Highmore) is the largest of the paranasal sinuses, located in the maxilla. It drains into the middle meatus of the nose through the semilunar hiatus. It is located to the side of the nasal cavity, and below the orbit.
Badlands Big Sticks
The Badlands Big Sticks are a collegiate summer baseball team that plays in the Northwoods League. Based in Dickinson, North Dakota, the Big Sticks play their home games at Dakota Community Bank & Trust Ballpark.

Dakota Community Bank & Trust Ballpark
Dakota Community Bank & Trust Ballpark is a baseball stadium in Dickinson, North Dakota. It is home to the Badlands Big Sticks of the Northwoods League, a collegiate summer baseball league; the Dickinson State University Blue Hawks baseball team; the Dickinson High School Midgets baseball team; and American Legion Baseball. In 1955 and 1956, the ballpark was home to the Dickinson Packers baseball team (also known as the Queen City Packers) of the Mandak League, an independent baseball league based in Manitoba and North Dakota.
Hot game
In combinatorial game theory, a branch of mathematics, a hot game is one in which each player can improve their position by making the next move.

By contrast, a cold game is one where each player can only worsen their position by making the next move.  The class of cold games are equivalent to the class of surreal numbers and so can be ordered by value, while hot games can have other values.

There are also tepid games, which are games with a temperature of exactly zero. Tepid games are formed by the class of strictly numerish games: that is, games that are equivalent to a number plus an infinitesimal.

Hackenbush can only represent cold and tepid games (by its decomposition into a purple mountain and a green jungle).

John Horton Conway
John Horton Conway FRS (26 December 1937 – 11 April 2020) was an English mathematician. He was active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. He also made contributions to many branches of recreational mathematics, most notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life.

Born and raised in Liverpool, Conway spent the first half of his career at the University of Cambridge before moving to the United States, where he held the John von Neumann Professorship at Princeton University for the rest of his career. On 11 April 2020, at age 82, he died of complications from COVID-19.
1941 AAA Championship Car season
The 1941 AAA Championship Car season consisted of three races, beginning in Speedway, Indiana on May 30 and concluding in Syracuse, New York on September 1. There was also one non-championship event held at Langhorne, Pennsylvania. The AAA National Champion was Rex Mays and the Indianapolis 500 co-winners were Floyd Davis and Mauri Rose - the second such occasion in history. The National Championship was not held again until 1946, due to World War II.

Mauri Rose
Maurice Rose (May 26, 1906 – January 1, 1981) was an American racing driver. He won the Indianapolis 500 in 1941, 1947, and 1948, becoming the race's third three-time winner. He also won the AAA National Championship in 1936.
C dynamic memory allocation
C dynamic memory allocation refers to performing manual memory management for dynamic memory allocation in the C programming language via a group of functions in the C standard library, mainly malloc, realloc, calloc, aligned_alloc and free.

The C++ programming language includes these functions; however, the operators new and delete provide similar functionality and are recommended by that language's authors. Still, there are several situations in which using new/delete is not applicable, such as garbage collection code or performance-sensitive code, and a combination of malloc and new may be required instead of the higher-level new operator.

Many different implementations of the actual memory allocation mechanism, used by malloc, are available. Their performance varies in both execution time and required memory.

C standard library
The C standard library, sometimes referred to as libc, is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ISO C standard. Starting from the original ANSI C standard, it was developed at the same time as the C POSIX library, which is a superset of it. Since ANSI C was adopted by the International Organization for Standardization, the C standard library is also called the ISO C library.

The C standard library provides macros, type definitions and functions for tasks such as string manipulation, mathematical computation, input/output processing, memory management, and input/output.
St Paul's High School, Glasgow
St Paul's High School is a co-educational, Roman Catholic, comprehensive secondary school located in Pollok, Glasgow, Scotland. It was built on the site of, and using some buildings from, the former Craigbank Secondary School, to replace the previous Catholic school in the area, Bellarmine Secondary (the Silverburn Centre is now at its location), opening with its new identity in 2002.

The majority of the Pollok district falls into the catchment area of a different school, Lourdes Secondary, while St Paul's serves communities further south including Arden, Carnwadric, Darnley, Deaconsbank, Eastwood, Househillwood, Kennishead, Nitshill, Parkhouse and Priesthill.

Lourdes Secondary School
Lourdes Secondary School, established in 1956, is a school in the south-west of Glasgow which serves a large catchment area, including the communities of Cardonald, Craigton, Crookston, Drumoyne, Govan, Hillington, Ibrox, Kinning Park, Mosspark, Penilee and Pollok. It has an enrolment of approximately 1,200 pupils and 90 members of staff.
Ferrovías
Ferrovías S.A.C. is a privately owned company which, on 1 April 1994, took over the concession, granted by the Argentine government as part of railway privatisation during the presidency of Carlos Menem, for the operation of the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) (metre gauge) Belgrano Norte Line commuter rail service in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

From 2004 to 2014 the company also formed part of UGOFE, a consortium with Metrovías and Trenes de Buenos Aires, which took over the running of commuter rail services on the Belgrano Sur, Roca and San Martín lines in Buenos Aires after concessions granted to Metropolitano S.A. for the operation of these services were revoked. UGOFE was dissolved in 2013.

Ferrovías operated the Puerto Madero Tramway, in the Puerto Madero district of Buenos Aires, from July 2007 until its closure in October 2012.

Outside of Argentina, the company also operates the Lima Metro in Peru.

Roca Line
The Roca line is a 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge commuter rail service in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, part of General Roca Railway network. The service is currently operated by State-owned company Trenes Argentinos, from the city-centre terminus of Constitución south to Ezeiza, Alejandro Korn, La Plata, Cañuelas, Chascomús, Gutiérrez and Lobos, and west to Sarmiento Line's station Haedo. The transfer stations between the branch lines are Avellaneda, Temperley, Bosques and Berazategui.

The line consists of 198 kilometres of track (55 of which are electrified), 70 stations, 146 grade crossings, 907 daily services through its different branches, and carries half a million passengers daily, making it the longest and most extensively used line of the Buenos Aires commuter rail network. Large electrification and infrastructure improvement works were undertaken on the line in the early 2010s, with brand new electric multiple units entering service on 8 June 2015.
Kirankumar S. Momaya
Kirankumar S. Momaya serves as a Professor of Competitiveness at the Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay in Mumbai. His research primarily focuses on business excellence, technology & innovation management, and fostering collaborations for enhanced competitiveness.

IIT Bombay
The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay or IITB) is a public research university and technical institute in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The institute has 17 academic departments, 35 additional academic centres, and three schools.
Established in 1958, IIT Bombay was designated as an Institution of Eminence in 2018.
Football in Colombia
Football is the most popular sport in Colombia. Football in Colombia is overseen by the Ministry of Sports, which is the governmental body that has regulated it since 2019. As a private spectacle, football in Colombia is managed by the Colombian Football Federation (FCF). This entity, affiliated with CONMEBOL and FIFA, is responsible for appointing and coordinating the national teams at all levels. FCF also manages the DIMAYOR, the entity that organizes professional club championships, as well as the Colombian Amateur Football Division (Difútbol), which organizes regional and amateur tournaments.

The Colombia national team represents Colombia in international football competitions. The highest rank it has ever reached in the FIFA Men's World Rankings was third in 2013.

Liga DIMAYOR
The Liga DIMAYOR, commonly referred to as Liga BetPlay Dimayor due to sponsorship by online betting company BetPlay, is a professional association football league in Colombia and the highest level of the Colombian football league system.

A total of twenty clubs compete in the league's regular season. División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano, better known as DIMAYOR, organizes the competition and operates the league system of promotion and relegation for both Liga DIMAYOR and Torneo DIMAYOR leagues. Since its foundation in 1948, sixteen teams have been crowned as Colombian football champions. The most successful club is Atlético Nacional with 18 titles. The league was ranked as the 11th strongest national league in the world at the end of 2023 by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.
Gremium Motorcycle Club
Gremium Motorcycle Club is a German outlaw motorcycle club. Gremium claims to be the largest German motorcycle club since the patchover of the also formerly Mannheim-based German chapters of the Bones MC to the Hells Angels MC in 1999, with 73 full chapters in Germany, 71 chapters in other European countries, several associate chapters (Bad 7 MC support club) in Germany, and a prospect chapter opened by German expatriates in Pattaya, Thailand in 2007. The club was established in 1972 in Mannheim.

The club colors are black and white, on the back patch appears the word "GREMIUM" and the name of the country with a fist rising through clouds. Often, the terms "Black Seven" and the number 7 are used: the word "Gremium" consists of seven letters, and "G" is the seventh letter in the alphabet.

Hells Angels
The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC) is an international outlaw motorcycle club founded in California whose members typically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles. In the United States and Canada, the Hells Angels are incorporated as the Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation. Common nicknames for the club are the "H.A.", "Red & White", and "81". With a membership of over 6,000, and 592 charters in 66 countries, the HAMC is the largest outlaw biker club in the world.

The Hells Angels have a history of involvement in organized crime, such as drug trafficking, and engaging in violent conflict with other outlaw motorcycle clubs. Involvement in organized crime and violence has historically extended to the organization's most senior leadership. Many police and international intelligence agencies, including the United States Department of Justice, the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, the Australian Federal Police, and Europol, consider the club an organized crime syndicate.
Grünstadt
Grünstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁʏnˌʃtat] ⓘ; Palatine German: Grinnschdadt) is a town in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany with roughly 13,200 inhabitants. It does not belong to any Verbandsgemeinde – a kind of collective municipality – but is nonetheless the administrative seat of the Verbandsgemeinde of Leiningerland.

Leiningen family
The House of Leiningen is the name of an old German noble family whose lands lay principally in Alsace, Lorraine, Saarland, Rhineland, and the Palatinate. Various branches of this family developed over the centuries and ruled counties with Imperial immediacy.
Harvey Elliott
Harvey Daniel James Elliott (born 4 April 2003) is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Premier League club Aston Villa, on loan from Liverpool.

Having come up through Fulham's academy, Elliott made his first-team debut in September 2018, becoming the youngest player to play in the EFL Cup, aged 15 years and 174 days.

2021–22 EFL Cup
The 2021–22 EFL Cup was the 62nd season of the EFL Cup (known as the Carabao Cup for sponsorship reasons). The competition was open to all clubs participating in the Premier League and the English Football League.

The winner of the competition qualifies for the play-off round of the 2022–23 UEFA Europa Conference League.

The competition began on 31 July 2021, and the final was played at Wembley Stadium on 27 February 2022 between Chelsea and Liverpool, with Liverpool winning a record ninth title 11–10 on penalties following a goalless draw after extra time.

Manchester City were the holders, having won the previous four editions, but they were eliminated by West Ham United on penalties in the fourth round.
Pearson Commission
The Royal Commission on Civil Liability and Compensation for Personal Injury, better known as the Pearson commission was a United Kingdom royal commission, established in 1973 under the chairmanship of Lord Pearson. The commission reported in 1978 and made radical recommendations for tort reform, Pearson believing that tort's traditional role of compensation had become outdated with the rise of the welfare state since the end of World War II. He saw the benefits system as having the primary role of providing compensation and security following an accident, and litigation as being secondary. As a result, the commission recommended a no-fault insurance scheme for road traffic and industrial accidents, similar to the subsequent New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation, and a scheme of strict liability for consumer protection. However, the government's response was cool and the recommendations were not followed up, much to Pearson's disappointment.

Accident Compensation Corporation
The Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) (Māori: Te Kaporeihana Āwhina Hunga Whara) is the New Zealand Crown entity responsible for administering the country's no-fault accidental injury compensation scheme, commonly referred to as the ACC scheme. The scheme provides financial compensation and support to citizens, residents, and temporary visitors who have suffered personal injuries.

The corporation was founded as the Accident Compensation Commission on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Accident Compensation Act 1972. Its principal governing act today is the Accident Compensation Act 2001. As a Crown entity, ACC is governed by a board that is responsible to the Minister for ACC. Unlike most other Crown entities, it has its own dedicated ministerial portfolio, which since February 2025 has been held by Scott Simpson.
Khlebnikov Codex
The Khlebnikov Codex (Ukrainian: Хлєбниковський список, romanized: Khljebnykovsʹkyj spysok; Russian: Хлебниковский список, romanized: Khlebnikovskiy spisok) is a codex of Rus' chronicles compiled in the 1560s.

Rus' chronicles
The Rus' chronicles, or Russian chronicles,: 51  was the primary Rus' historical literature. Chronicles were composed from the 11th to the 18th centuries.

Chronicles were the main historical narrative until the mid-16th century (the reign of Ivan the Terrible), when they were superseded by chronographs.
Kodak EasyShare C340
The Kodak C340 is a model of digital camera produced by the Eastman Kodak Company. It is part of the company's EasyShare consumer line of cameras, and is compatible with the Kodak camera docks and printer docks.

Kodak EasyShare
Kodak EasyShare was a sub-brand of Eastman Kodak Company products identifying a consumer photography system of digital cameras, snapshot thermal printers, snapshot thermal printer docks, all-in-one inkjet printers, accessories, camera docks, software, and online print services. The brand was introduced in 2001, and discontinued in 2012, when Kodak stopped manufacturing and selling all digital cameras and photo frames.

Today, Kodak-branded digital cameras still exist, but they’re made by third-party companies (JK Imaging) under license—not by Kodak itself.
Second Fraser ministry
The second Fraser ministry (Liberal–National Country coalition) was the 51st ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 22nd Prime Minister, Malcolm Fraser. The second Fraser ministry succeeded the first Fraser ministry, which dissolved on 22 December 1975 following the federal election that took place on 13 December. The ministry was replaced by the third Fraser ministry on 20 December 1977 following the 1977 federal election.

As of 1 May 2025, Ian Sinclair is the last surviving member of the Cabinet of the second Fraser ministry. Tony Street was the last surviving Liberal cabinet member.

1977 Australian federal election
A federal election was held on 10 December 1977 to elect members of the 31st Parliament of Australia. All 124 seats in the House of Representatives were up for election, along with 34 of the 64 seats in the Senate. The incumbent Coalition government, led by Malcolm Fraser, was re-elected, defeating the Labor Party led by Opposition Leader Gough Whitlam.

While the Coalition suffered a five-seat swing, it still had a substantial 48-seat majority in the House. The Liberals retained an outright majority, with 67 seats. Although Fraser thus had no need for the support of the National Country Party, the Coalition was retained. Whitlam became the first and only person to contest four federal elections as leader of the Opposition. He was unable to recover much of the ground Labor had lost in its severe defeat two years prior, and resigned as leader shortly after the election.
Dávid Korányi
Dávid Korányi is a chief advisor of city diplomacy for Gergely Karácsony, the mayor of Budapest. Prior to that he was a director of the Atlantic Council's Eurasian Energy Futures Initiative and deputy director of the Atlantic Council's Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center. In 2009 he was undersecretary of state, chief foreign policy, and national security advisor to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary, Gordon Bajnai. He was a member of the Hungarian NATO Strategic Concept Special Advisory Group.

Atlantic Council
The Atlantic Council is an American think tank in the field of international affairs, favoring Atlanticism, founded in 1961 by Christian Herter and William L. Clayton. It manages sixteen regional centers and functional programs related to international security and global economic prosperity. It is headquartered in Washington, DC, and is a member of the Atlantic Treaty Association.