hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LGBTQ rights in Vietnam
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Vietnam face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Both female and male forms of same-sex sexual activity between consenting adults are legal and never have been criminalized in Vietnamese history; however, same-sex couples and households headed by same-sex couples are ineligible for the legal protections available to heterosexual couples. Vietnam provides limited anti-discrimination protections for transgender people. The right to change gender was officially legalized in Vietnam after the National Assembly passed an amendment to the Civil Code in 2015.

Vietnam's first annual gay pride parade took place in Hanoi on 5 August 2012. In 2017, pride parades were held in around 34 other cities and provinces.

Hanoi Pride
Hanoi Pride is an annual series of events which celebrates lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ+) life in Hanoi, Vietnam.

The first pride in Hanoi was celebrated in 2012, and has been celebrated annually since. In 2015, openly gay United States Ambassador to Vietnam Ted Osius attended the event. In 2020 and 2021, the event was held online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In-person celebrations resumed in 2022.
Uniform access principle
The uniform access principle of computer programming was put forth by Bertrand Meyer (originally in his book Object-Oriented Software Construction). It states "All services offered by a module should be available through a uniform notation, which does not betray whether they are implemented through storage or through computation." This principle applies generally to the syntax of object-oriented programming languages. In simpler form, it states that there should be no syntactical difference between working with an attribute, pre-computed property, or method/query of an object.

While most examples focus on the "read" aspect of the principle (i.e., retrieving a value), Meyer shows that the "write" implications (i.e., modifying a value) of the principle are harder to deal with in his monthly column on the Eiffel programming language official website.

Modular programming
Modular programming is a programming paradigm that emphasizes organizing the functions of a codebase into independent modules – each providing an aspect of a computer program in its entirety without providing other aspects.

A module interface expresses the elements that are provided and required by the module. The elements defined in the interface are detectable by other modules. The implementation contains the working code that corresponds to the elements declared in the interface.
Taxonomy of Drosera
The genus Drosera was divided in 1994 by Seine & Barthlott into three subgenera and 11 sections on the basis of morphological characteristics.

Discovery and description of new species has been occurring since the 10th century, and as recently as the 1940s barely more than 80 species were known. In recent years, Australian Allen Lowrie has done extensive work in the genus, particularly in describing numerous new species from Australia. His classification of the genus was replaced by Jan Schlauer's work in 1996, although the correct classification is still disputed.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
Ancient Roman cuisine
The cuisine of ancient Rome changed a lot over the duration of the civilization's existence. Dietary habits were affected by the political changes from kingdom to republic to empire, and Roman trading with foreigners along with the empire's enormous expansion exposed Romans to many new foods, provincial culinary habits and cooking methods.

In the beginning, dietary differences between Roman social classes were not great, but disparities developed with the empire's growth.

Lentil
The lentil (Vicia lens or Lens culinaris) is an annual legume grown for its lens-shaped edible seeds or pulses, also called lentils. It is about 40 cm (16 in) tall, and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each.

Lentil seeds are used around the world for culinary purposes, most commonly in stews or soups. In cuisines of the Indian subcontinent, where lentils are a staple, split lentils (often with their hulls removed) known as dal are often cooked into a thick curry that is usually eaten with rice or roti.
Bakuon!!
Bakuon!! (ばくおん！！; lit. "Roar!") is a Japanese manga series by Mimana Orimoto. The series began serialization in Akita Shoten's seinen manga magazine Young Champion Retsu from February 2011 and has been collected in eighteen tankōbon volumes as of July 2025. An anime television series adaptation by TMS Entertainment/8Pan aired between April and June 2016.

Suzuki Katana
The Suzuki Katana is a street motorcycle sold between 1981 and 2006 and then since 2019. It was designed in 1979–1980 by Target Design of Germany for Suzuki.

The Katana name was later applied to a range of in-house styled sport touring motorcycles in North America through the 2006 model year and, starting at the turn of the millennium, a line of 50 cc scooters in Europe.
Mamalilikulla-QweʼQwaʼSotʼEm Band
The Mamalilikulla Band is a First Nations band government based on northern Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.  The home territory of the Mamalilikulla and Qwe-Qwa'Sot'Em groups of Kwakwaka'wakw was in the maze of islands and inlets of the eastern Queen Charlotte Strait region around the opening of Knight Inlet, mainly on Village Island, where their principal village Memkumlis is (often known by the name Mamalilikulla).

The band is a member of the Kwakiutl District Council.

Compton Island
Compton Island is an island in the Queen Charlotte Strait-Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, in Blackfish Sound to the east of Port McNeill All of it and three small adjacent islands comprise Compton Island Indian Reserve No. 6, a.k.a. Compton 6.
La Chinita International Airport
La Chinita International Airport (IATA: MAR, ICAO: SVMC) is an international airport serving Maracaibo, the capital of Zulia State, Venezuela. It is located southwest of Maracaibo proper in the municipality of San Francisco. La Chinita is Venezuela's second most important airport in terms of passenger and aircraft movements, after Simón Bolívar International Airport near Caracas.

Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)
Maiquetía "Simón Bolívar" International Airport (IATA: CCS, ICAO: SVMI, Spanish: Aeropuerto Internacional de Maiquetía "Simón Bolívar") is an international airport located in Maiquetía, Vargas, Venezuela, serving Caracas, the capital of the country, the center of which is about 21 kilometres (13 mi) to the west. Commonly known simply as Maiquetía by the local population, it is the main international air passenger gateway to Venezuela. The airport handles flights to several destinations in Central and South America as well as a few services to Spain, Russia and China although many international routes have been terminated since 2014.
Serafimovskoe Cemetery
Serafimovskoe Cemetery (Russian: Серафимовское кладбище) is a historic cemetery in northwestern  Saint Petersburg, in Primorsky District.

It was established to meet the need for the growing population in the early twentieth century. The first burial took place in 1905, and the cemetery church, the Church of Seraphim of Sarov in the Serafimovskoe Cemetery, was consecrated in 1907. The cemetery was primarily a burial place for the poor, until the Second World War. During the siege of Leningrad, from 1941 to 1944, it was one of the main sites for burying those who were killed, or died of cold or starvation. At least 100,000 people were buried during this period, mostly in mass graves.

The cemetery expanded after the war, and today covers 59 hectares. It contains the graves of a wide range of society, including military figures, and prominent people from the arts, sciences and sports.

Ivan Yumashev
Ivan Stepanovich Yumashev (Russian: Иван Степанович Юмашев; 9 October [O.S. 27 September] 1895 – 2 September 1972) was a Soviet Navy admiral, Hero of the Soviet Union (14 September 1945), and Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Navy from January 1947 to July 1951.
Francesco Silvestri (theologian)
Francesco Silvestri da Ferrara OP (1474 – 19 September 1528) was an Italian Dominican theologian. He wrote a notable commentary on Thomas of Aquinas's Summa contra gentiles, and served as Master General of his order from 1525 until his death.

Master of the Order of Preachers
The Master of the Order of Preachers is the Superior General of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominicans.

The Master of the Order of Preachers is ex officio Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome, Italy, and of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas in Manila, Philippines.

Fr. Gerard Francisco Timoner III serves as Master of the Order, since his 2019 election at the General Chapter held in Biên Hòa.
2006–07 Primera B Nacional
The 2006–07 Argentine Primera B Nacional was the 21st season of second division professional of football in Argentina. A total of 20 teams competed; the champion and runner-up were promoted to Argentine Primera División.

2007–08 Primera B Nacional
The 2007–08 Argentine Primera B Nacional was the 22nd season of second division professional football in Argentina. A total of 20 teams competed; the champion and runner-up were promoted to Argentine Primera División.
Maa Kaali & Bhagwan Shankar Temple
Maa Kaali and Bhagwan Shankar Temple is an ancient Hindu temple. It is situated in Bisauri village Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Maha Shivratri and Navratri are some main festivals celebrated.

Jaunpur district
Jaunpur district is a district in the Varanasi Division of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district headquarters is the city of Jaunpur which is situated on the banks of the Gomti River.  It is located 228 km southeast of the state capital Lucknow. 65 km northwest of Varanasi and 732 km southeast of New Delhi. The district has two Lok Sabha seats and nine Vidhan Sabha seats. According to the 2011 census, Jaunpur has a gender ratio of 1,018 females to 1,000 males, the highest in Uttar Pradesh. The most commonly spoken language in the district is Hindi.
Dimche Sarvanov
Dimche Sarvanov, also Dimko Mogilcheto or Dimche Mogilche (Bulgarian/Macedonian: Димче Сарванов; 1879 –January 4, 1908), was a Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary and a member of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization.

Sarvanov was born in Mogila (now in the North Macedonia) in 1879. He joined Georgi Sugarev's group within IMRO, and fought against Ottoman rule in the Bitola and Mariovo districts. During the Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising, Sarvanov fought in the Pelister and Prespa districts. After the death of Sugarev, Sarvanov continued fighting "Greek propaganda".

On January 4, 1908, Sarvanov fell into an Ottoman ambush in the village of Nošpal, which is close to Bitola in present-day North Macedonia, and rather than allowing himself to fall into Ottoman hands, committed suicide.

He was buried in the cemetery in the yard of the then Bulgarian Exarchate Church "Sveta Nedelya" in Bitola.

Macedonian Bulgarians
Macedonians (Bulgarian: македонци), or Macedonian Bulgarians (Bulgarian: македонски българи), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians, are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Macedonia. This is how the majority of Slavic-speaking population of Macedonia had been referred to by most of the national conscious minority among them and by outside observers, from the 10th until the early 20th century in a sense of a demonym at first, and later as an social class synonym mainly, and as an ethnonym. Since 1913, the Macedonian Bulgarian population is largely concentrated in Pirin Macedonia but much is spread across the whole of Bulgaria and the diaspora.
Korean War order of battle: United States Air Force
The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was significant in the fact that it was the first war in which the newly independent United States Air Force was involved.

It was the first time U.S. jet aircraft entered into battle. Designed as a direct response to the Soviet MiG-15, the F-86 Sabre jets effectively countered these aircraft, tactics, and, on some occasions, pilots of the Soviet 64th Fighter Aviation Corps. World War II-era prop-driven P-51D Mustangs were pressed into the ground-air support role, and large formations of B-29 Superfortress bombers flew for the last time on strategic bombardment missions. The Korean War also saw the first large-scale use of rotary-wing helicopters.

The US suffered 4,055 service personnel killed and 2,714 aircraft lost with the USAF suffering 1,841 battle casualties, of which 1,180 were killed in action.

8th Fighter Wing
The 8th Fighter Wing is a fighter aircraft unit of the United States Air Force. It is the host unit at Kunsan Air Base, Republic of Korea and is assigned to Seventh Air Force. Seventh Air Force falls under Pacific Air Forces (PACAF). The Wing's 8th Operations Group is the successor of the 8th Pursuit Group, one of the 15 original combat air groups formed by the U.S. Army before World War II.

Established in Japan after World War II in 1948, the wing flew combat missions throughout the Korean War. Redesignated the 8th Tactical Fighter Wing in 1958, it remained in Japan until 1964. After a year in California, it moved to Southeast Asia, where its F-4 Phantom II crews earned the nicknames "MiG killers" and "bridge busters". In 1974 the wing relocated to Kunsan Air Base, South Korea, where it was redesignated the 8th Fighter Wing in 1992.
Perth RedStar FC
Perth RedStar Football Club is an Australian soccer club from Joondalup, Western Australia currently playing in the National Premier Leagues Western Australia and National Premier Leagues WA Women.

Their home ground is the RedStar Arena at the Joondalup campus of Edith Cowan University.

Football West State League
The Football West State League  is a regional Australian semi-professional soccer league comprising teams from Western Australia consisting of two divisions. The league sits at Levels 2 and 3 on the Western Australian league system (Levels 3 and 4 of the overall Australian league system). The competition is administered by Football West, the governing body of the sport in the state. Division 1 has been called the All Flags State League Division 1 due to sponsorship arrangements since 2011.
Palfuria gens
The gens Palfuria was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned during the first century of the Empire.  The most illustrious of the family was Publius Palfurius, who held the consulship in AD 55.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Philippine Science High School Caraga Region Campus
The Philippine Science High School - Caraga Region Campus (PSHS-CRC) is the 13th campus of the Philippine Science High School System located at Brgy. Ampayon, Butuan. The school admits and grants scholarships to students who are gifted in science and mathematics. It caters to scholars from Caraga which covers the provinces of Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Agusan del Norte, and Agusan del Sur. Some scholars come from nearby provinces of Region X. A few from other regions of the country. The PSHS-CRC formally opened in June 2014.

Philippine Science High School System
The Philippine Science High School System (Filipino: Sistemang Mataas na Paaralang Pang-agham ng Pilipinas) is a research-oriented and specialized public high school system in the Philippines that operates as an attached agency of the Philippine Department of Science and Technology.

The first school which later became the system's main campus was established in Quezon City on June 22, 1963 and began admitting students the following year. The system itself was institutionalized on February 12, 1998. It currently has 16 campuses across the Philippines.
Lutheran art
Lutheran art consists of all religious art produced for Lutherans and the Lutheran churches. This includes sculpture, painting, and architecture. Artwork in the Lutheran churches arose as a distinct marker of the faith during the Reformation era and attempted to illustrate, supplement and portray in tangible form the teachings of Lutheran theology.

Wittenberg Altarpiece
Wittenberg Cranach Altarpiece (or Reformation Altarpiece) is one of the major Lutheran winged altarpieces created by Lucas Cranach the Elder and his son Lucas Cranach the Younger for the Evangelical Lutheran City and Parish Church of St. Mary's in Wittenberg, Germany. The altarpiece depicts the key figures of Lutheranism associated with the parish church of Wittenberg.

The Schneeberg Altarpiece, Weimar Altarpiece and Gotha Altarpiece are other important examples of the relatively small number of attempts to continue the tradition of the altarpiece giving an explicitly Lutheran interpretation. This phase was mostly finished by 1555.
Samuel Frey
Samuel Jacob Frey (German: [ˈzaːmuɛl ˈfʁaɪ]; 7 September 1850 – 26 February 1934) was a Swiss industrialist, financier and politician. He is best known for founding the Freya Paper Company, today known as Elco AG, in 1884. Frey served as a member of the Grand Council of Aargau from 1901 to 1921 for the Free Radical Liberals.

Implenia
Implenia is a Swiss real estate and construction services company with activities in development and civil engineering in Switzerland and Germany. Implenia is also active in tunneling and related infrastructure construction in Austria, France, Sweden, Norway and Italy. The Group was formed at the beginning of 2006 from the merger of Basel-based Batigroup Holding AG with Geneva-based Zschokke Holding SA. The headquarters are located in Glattpark (Opfikon) in the canton of Zurich. Implenia is one of the 500 largest companies in Switzerland.
Aegis Sonix
Aegis Sonix is a music sequencer, software synthesizer and a score editor for the Amiga created by Aegis Development and published in 1987. The application offers a combination of a notation editor and an editor of digital sounds and is able to edit IFF music instruments and other digital sound files.

Music sequencer
A music sequencer (or audio sequencer or simply sequencer) is a device or application software that can record, edit, or play back music, by handling note and performance information in several forms, typically CV/Gate, MIDI, or Open Sound Control, and possibly audio and automation data for digital audio workstations (DAWs) and plug-ins.
Jože Pučnik
Jože Pučnik (9 March 1932 – 11 January 2003) was a Slovenian public intellectual, sociologist and politician. During the communist regime of Josip Broz Tito, he was one of the most outspoken Slovenian critics of dictatorship and lack of civil liberties in SFR Yugoslavia.

Pučnik was imprisoned for a total of seven years, and later forced into exile. After returning to Slovenia in the late 1980s, he became the leader of the Democratic Opposition of Slovenia, a platform of democratic parties that defeated the communists in the first free elections in 1990 and introduced a democratic system and market economy to Slovenia. Pučnik is also considered one of the fathers of Slovenian independence from Yugoslavia.

Janez Drnovšek
Janez Drnovšek (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈjàːnɛz dəɾˈnɔ́ːwʃək]; 17 May 1950 – 23 February 2008) was a Slovenian liberal politician, President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1989–1990), Prime Minister of Slovenia (1992–2002, with a short break in 2000) and President of Slovenia (2002–2007).
The World and Other Places
The World and Other Places is a collection of short stories by Jeanette Winterson O.B.E in the style of postmodernism.

Some of the contained short stories have been previously  published in well known publications, such as The New Yorker.  Winterson, like other postmodernists, plays with her words so they carry multiple layers and interpretation.  She writes in short sentences and short fragments without obvious transitions.  This collection questions the nature of narrative.  The stories escape reality and often narrative conventions (one of the stories may be narrated by a dead character).  Sexuality is often of particular importance with Winterson's stories, particularly "The Poetics of Sex" which concerns itself with a lesbian relationship from beginning to end, framed by the public awareness of lesbians. It was published in hardcover by Jonathan Cape in 1998 in the UK and by Alfred A. Knopf the following year in the US.

Jonathan Cape
Jonathan Cape is a British publishing firm headquartered in London and founded in 1921 by Herbert Jonathan Cape, who was head of the firm until his death in 1960.

Cape and his business partner Wren Howard (1893–1968) set up the publishing house in 1921. They established a reputation for high-quality design and production and a fine list of English-language authors, fostered by the firm's editor and reader Edward Garnett. Cape's list of writers ranged from poets including Robert Frost and C. Day Lewis, to children's authors such as Roald Dahl, Hugh Lofting and Arthur Ransome, to James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, to heavyweight fiction by James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.

After Cape's death, the firm later merged successively with three other London publishing houses. In 1987 it was taken over by Random House. Its name continues as one of Random House's British imprints.
Barcelona Development Agenda
The Barcelona Development Agenda is a statement of development principles formulated as a response to the prevailing Washington Consensus development model. Resulting from the collaboration of economists from both developing and developed countries at the 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures in Barcelona, Spain, the Barcelona Development Agenda outlines seven lessons learned from previous policy failures and successes, and presents them as priorities for future economic reforms. The principles emphasize a balance of market and government economic roles, flexible economic tools, and an increased role for sustainability and equity in governance.

Initiative for Policy Dialogue
The Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD) is a non-profit organization based at Columbia University in the United States.

IPD was founded in July 2000 by Joseph E. Stiglitz. It stimulates a heterodox policy dialogue on major issues in international development. IPD is a global network of leading economists, political scientists, and premier academic and policy centers in the global South and North. It brings the issues of developing countries to academics and the fruits of academic research to policymakers.