hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parmastomyces
Parmastomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Czech mycologists František Kotlaba and Zdenek Pouzar in 1964, with Tyromyces kravtzevianus Bondartzev & Parm. as the type species. Parmastomyces species cause a brown rot. The genus has a monomitic hyphal system.

The genus name of Parmastomyces is in honour of Erast Parmasto (1928–2012), who was an Estonian mycologist, bio-scientist and botanist and onetime director of the Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany.

The genus was circumscribed by Paul Claude Silva in Taxon vol.8 on page 63 in 1959.

Fomitopsidaceae
The Fomitopsidaceae are a family of fungi in the order Polyporales. Most species are parasitic on woody plants, and tend to cause brown rots. The name comes from Fomitopsis (meaning "looking like Fomes") + -aceae (a suffix used to form taxonomic family names).
Alexis Rivard
Alexis Rivard (November 21, 1784 – July 8, 1854) was a trader and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Rimouski in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1832 to 1834.

He was born Alexis-Alexandre Rivard in Rivière-du-Loup-en-Haut, the son of François Rivard, dit Laglanderie and Marie-Ursule Ledroit. He was a trader at Yamachiche and then seigneurial agent for Mitis. He was elected to the legislative assembly in an 1832 by-election held after the elections of 1830 in Rimouski were declared invalid. Rivard generally supported the Parti patriote and voted in support of the Ninety-Two Resolutions. Rivard was married twice: to Marie Guillet in 1811 and to Catherine Drapeau in 1831. He died at Rimouski at the age of 69.

Two brothers of his first wife, Valère and Louis, were also members of the legislative assembly.

Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in Lower Canada until 1838. The legislative assembly was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. The lower house consisted of elected legislative councilors who created bills to be passed up to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, whose members were appointed by the governor general.

Following the Lower Canada Rebellion, the lower house was dissolved on March 27, 1838, and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council. With the Act of Union in 1840, a new lower chamber, the Legislative Assembly of Canada, was created for both Upper and Lower Canada which existed  until 1867, when the Legislative Assembly of Quebec was created.
Bryanston East, Gauteng
Bryanston East is a wealthy, upper class suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is one of the wealthiest suburbs in South Africa. It borders the suburbs of Rivonia, Riverclub, Morningside Manor and Sandton. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

River Club, Gauteng
River Club is a suburb of Johannesburg in Gauteng, South Africa. 
It is a residentially zoned area near Sandton in Johannesburg's Region E  of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.
Residents of the area consist mostly of middle and upper-middle class citizens.

River Club borders the suburbs of Duxberry and Bryanston with the boundaries delineated by East Hertford in the east, Coleraine in the south, the Braamfontein Spruit in the north and William Nicol Drive in the east.

The suburb also contains one of the most exclusive golf course's in the country, a small community restaurant and an office-zoned development.

The postal code of the area is 2149 or 2191.
Guilford, Baltimore
Guilford is a historic neighborhood in the northern part of Baltimore, Maryland.

It is bounded on the south by University Parkway, on the west by North Charles Street, Warrenton and Linkwood Roads, on the north by Cold Spring Lane and on the east by York Road/Greenmount Avenue.

The neighborhood is adjacent to the neighborhoods of Tuscany-Canterbury, Loyola-Notre Dame, Kernewood, Wilson Park, Pen Lucy, Waverly, Oakenshawe, Charles Village.

Guilford is located near Johns Hopkins University, Loyola University Maryland and Notre Dame of Maryland University.

The neighborhood was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Wilson Park, Baltimore
39°20′49″N 76°36′07″W﻿ / ﻿39.347°N 76.602°W﻿ / 39.347; -76.602

Wilson Park is a small community in northeast Baltimore, Maryland and one of the first African-American communities in the city. It is bounded on the south by 43rd Street and on the east by The Alameda. Two community associations serve the area: the Kimberleigh Road Community Association and the Wilson Park Improvement Association. The homes range from large single-family homes to semi-detached and townhouses. A majority of homes are owner-occupied.
Papenveer
Papenveer is a small village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is located in the municipality of Nieuwkoop, 2 km north of Ter Aar.

The name "Papenveer" means "Catholics' ferry". When the Catholic Church in Korteraar closed in 1822, churchgoers had to cross the river De Aar to go to the church in Langeraar. A ferry was opened that was free for Catholics; everyone else had to pay. The village of Papenveer grew around this ferry. Currently, there is a bridge, the Papenveerse Brug, at the location of the former ferry.

Nieuwkoop
Nieuwkoop (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈniukoːp] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality was enlarged on 1 January 2007, through the amalgamation of Liemeer and Ter Aar. The municipality now covers an area of 91.16 km2 (35.20 sq mi) of which 13.11 km2 (5.06 sq mi) is water. Its population was 29,151 in 2021.

On May 3, 2008, the Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad published an article which stated that Nieuwkoop is the safest municipality of the Netherlands.

The municipality of Nieuwkoop includes the following communities:
Koreans in Peru
Koreans in Peru (Spanish: coreanos en Perú; Korean: 재페루한인) formed Latin America's seventh-largest Korean diaspora community as of 2011, according to the statistics of South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. They are relatively small in size compared to the other Asian communities in Peru.

Peruvian nationality law
Peruvian nationality law is regulated by the 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Nationality Law 26574 of 1996, and the Supreme Decree 010-2002-IN, which regulates the implementation of Law 26574. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a citizen of Peru. The legal means to acquire nationality, formal membership in a nation, differ from the relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. Peruvian nationality is typically obtained either on the principle of jus soli, i.e. by birth in Peru; or under the rules of jus sanguinis, i.e. by birth abroad to at least one parent with Peruvian nationality. It can also be granted to a permanent resident, who has lived in Peru for a given period of time, through naturalization.
Palakion
Palakion (Παλάκιον), according to Strabo, was a Scythian fortress in the steppes of Crimea. The only information about it is from an inscription on the gravestone of a dweller of Chersonesos who died in a battle at the walls of Palakion.

Strabo suggests that Palakion,  Chabon (Chabaioi) and Scythian Neapolis  were named after sons of Scythian ruler Skilurus (Palakus, in the case of Palakion).

Peter Simon Pallas speculated that the name of Balaklava is a corruption of 'Palakion'. There is no historical evidence to this.

Palacus
Palacus or Palakus was the king of Crimean Scythia who succeeded his father, Skilurus. Resuming the latter's war against Mithridates VI, he attempted to besiege Chersonesos but was defeated by Pontic forces under Diophantus. Enlisting the assistance of the Rhoxolani under Tasius, Palacus launched an invasion of the Crimea. The invaders were defeated by Diophantus and accepted Mithridates as their overlord. Palacus was the last Scythian king whose name is attested in classical sources.
Adrenergic neuron blockers
Adrenergic neurone blockers, commonly known as adrenergic antagonists, are a group of drugs that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system by blocking the activity of adrenergic neurones. They prevent the action or release of catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine. They are located throughout the body, causing various physiological reactions including bronchodilation, accelerated heartbeat, and vasoconstriction. They work by inhibiting the synthesis, release, or reuptake of the neurotransmitters or by antagonising the receptors on postsynaptic neurones. Their medical uses, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and contraindications depend on the specific types of adrenergic blockers used, including alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2.

Tremor
A tremor is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts. It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands, arms, eyes, face, head, vocal folds, trunk, and legs. Most tremors occur in the hands. In some people, a tremor is a symptom of another neurological disorder.
Texarkana Union Station
Texarkana Union Station is a historic train station in the Texarkana metropolitan area serving Amtrak, the United States' national passenger rail system. The Arkansas-Texas border bisects the structure; the eastern part, including the waiting room and ticket office, are in Texarkana, Arkansas, but the western part is in Texarkana, Texas, meaning stopped trains span both states. The station was built in 1928 and was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Today it is the second busiest Amtrak station in Arkansas.

Texas and Pacific Railway
The Texas and Pacific Railway Company (known as the T&P) was created by federal charter in 1871 with the purpose of building a southern transcontinental railroad between Marshall, Texas, and San Diego, California. However its lines never went west of El Paso, near where in 1881 it connected to the Southern Pacific line to California.
Clerkenwell Prison
Clerkenwell (old) Prison, also known as the Clerkenwell House of Detention or Middlesex House of Detention was a prison in Clerkenwell, London, opened in 1847 and demolished in 1890. It held prisoners awaiting trial.

It stood on Bowling Green Lane conveniently close to the Middlesex Sessions House, where prisoners would be tried, on Clerkenwell Green to the south.

Middlesex Sessions House
The former Middlesex Sessions House or the Old Sessions House is a large building on Clerkenwell Green in the London Borough of Islington in London, England, built in 1780 as the courthouse for the Middlesex Quarter Sessions. It is a Grade II* listed building.
Haxtur Award
The Haxtur Award (Premios Haxtur) is a Spanish award for comics created in 1975 by the Asturian comic magazine El Wendigo. It is awarded annually at the Salón Internacional del Cómic del Principado de Asturias (International Comics Convention of the Principality of Asturias). It takes its name from the heroic fantasy comics character of the same name created by Spanish artist Víctor de la Fuente.

Batman: Year One
Batman: Year One is an American comic book story arc written by Frank Miller and illustrated by David Mazzucchelli. Year One was originally published by DC Comics in Batman #404-407 monthly issues format in 1987. The story recounts Batman's first year as a crime-fighter as well as exploring the life of recently transferred Gotham police detective Jim Gordon, building towards their first encounter and their eventual alliance against Gotham's criminal underworld.
Sense-for-sense translation
Sense-for-sense translation is the oldest norm for translating. It fundamentally means translating the meaning of each whole sentence before moving on to the next, and stands in normative opposition to word-for-word translation (also known as literal translation).

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
2023 National Development League speedway season
The 2023 National Development League was the third division/tier of British speedway for the 2023 season. It was a semi-professional development league, containing mainly the junior sides of SGB Premiership and SGB Championship clubs. Leicester Lion Cubs were the defending champions having won the title in 2022. Oxford Chargers won the title, defeating Leicester in a one-off Grand Final.

SGB Championship
The Speedway Great Britain (SGB) Championship is the second division of speedway league competition in the United Kingdom, governed by the Speedway Control Bureau (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA).  It was introduced for 2017 following a restructuring of British speedway.
Atucha Nuclear Power Plant
The Atucha Nuclear Complex, or Atucha Nuclear Power Plant, is the location for two adjacent nuclear power plants in Lima, Zárate, Buenos Aires Province, about 100 kilometres (60 mi) from Buenos Aires, on the right-hand shore of the Paraná de las Palmas River. Both are pressurized heavy-water reactors (PHWR) of the German PHWR KWU design, employing a mixture of natural uranium  and enriched uranium (0.85% of 235U), and use heavy water for cooling and neutron moderation.

The other currently operating nuclear power plant in the country Embalse Nuclear Power Plant is also a natural uranium fueled PHWR but of the Canadian CANDU 6 type rather than the Siemens provided type used at Atucha.

Zárate Partido
Zárate Partido is a partido of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina.

The provincial subdivision has a population of about 101,000 inhabitants in an area of 1,202 km2 (464 sq mi), and its capital city is Zárate, which is around 86 km (53 mi) from Buenos Aires.
Bowhill, South Australia
Bowhill is a locality in South Australia. A settlement is located inside a bend on the left (eastern/southern) bank of the Murray River between Mannum and Swan Reach. It is predominantly shacks built facing the river bank. The settlement is in the Mid Murray Council area, but most of the locality is located away from the river and within the District Council of Karoonda East Murray, including the Lowan Conservation Park.

Bowhill is located in the local government area of District Council of Karoonda East Murray, the state electoral district of Hammond and the federal Division of Barker.

The nearest crossings of the Murray River are the Mannum ferry 30 kilometres (19 mi) downstream and the Purnong ferry 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) by road upstream.

There was a Bowhill East school opened in 1940 but now closed in the eastern part of what is now included in Bowhill. The dominant industries in the district are cereal grain and sheep farming.

Purnong, South Australia
Purnong or Purnong Landing is the location of a cable ferry across the Murray River upstream of Mannum. The town is on the cliffs above the left (eastern) bank of the river. It is 32 kilometres (20 mi) by road from Mannum on the west side of the Murray, and 40 kilometres (25 mi) on the east side.

The town was surveyed in 1911 and named for an Aboriginal word meaning at the wide place. The ferry crossing is the shortest in South Australia, but there are lagoons adjacent to the river.

Purnong Primary School closed in December 1983.
Norgaygang Gewog
Norgaygang Gewog (Dzongkha: ནོར་རྒྱས་སྒང་) is a gewog (village block) of Samtse District, Bhutan. It is located at the extreme northwest of the Samtse District bordering on India's West Bengal (Kalimpong) and Sikkim (East Sikkim) provinces. It has the Haa District to the northeast and Samtse's Tendruk Gewog to the southeast.

The Norgaygang gewog is immediately to the south of the Zompelri ridge and Mount Gipmochi, which have been subject to the India-China-Bhutan border dispute. The Dichu (Jaldhaka) river flows through the gewog along with its numerous tributaries. The largest of the tributaries is Asam Khola rising below the Mount Gipmochi.

The Norgaygang Gewog occupies an area of 187.51 square kilometres (72.40 sq mi). It has 19 villages in 6 Chiwogs. In 2012, it had a population of 3,381. The Gewog comprises part of Tashicholing Dungkhag (sub-district), together with Tendu, Pemaling, Namgaychhoeling, and Tashicholing Gewogs.

Samtse District
Samtse District (Dzongkha: བསམ་རྩེ་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Bsam-rtse rdzong-khag; older spelling "Samchi") is one of the 20 dzongkhags (districts) comprising Bhutan. It comprises two subdistricts (dungkhags): Tashicholing and Dophuchen. They are further subdivided into 15 gewogs (village blocks). The Samtse district covers a total area of 1304 km2. With a population of 62,590 individuals and a population density of 48 people per sq.km, Samtse is the third most populous and second most densely populated district in Bhutan.
Novel coronavirus
Novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a provisional name given to coronaviruses of medical significance before a permanent name is decided upon. Although coronaviruses are endemic in humans and infections normally mild, such as the common cold (caused by human coronaviruses in ~15% of cases), cross-species transmission has produced some unusually virulent strains which can cause viral pneumonia and in serious cases even acute respiratory distress syndrome and death.

Coronaviridae
Coronaviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect fish, amphibians, birds, and mammals. The group includes the subfamilies Letovirinae, Orthocoronavirinae, and Pitovirinae. The members of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae are known as coronaviruses.

The viral genome is 26–32 kilobases in length. The particles are typically decorated with large (~20 nm), club- or petal-shaped surface projections (the "peplomers" or "spikes"), which in electron micrographs of spherical particles create an image reminiscent of the solar corona.
Visual control
Visual control is a business management technique employed in many places where information is communicated by using visual signals instead of texts or other written instructions. The design is deliberate in allowing quick recognition of the information being communicated,  in order to increase efficiency and clarity. These signals can be of many forms, from different coloured clothing for different teams, to focusing measures upon the size of the problem and not the size of the activity, to kanban, obeya and heijunka boxes and many other diverse examples. In The Toyota Way, it is also known as mieruka.

Obeya
Obeya (from Japanese Ōbeya 大部屋 "large room") is a team spirit improvement tool at an administrative level, originating from a long history of learning & improving. It is considered a component of lean manufacturing. Obeya objectives are rapid decision-making, reduction in rework and reconsiderations, and reduction in unnecessary discussions. The Obeya Association enumerates 11 Obeya Principles that define Obeya and guide its improvement.

The earliest notion of concept is believed to be the Analects of Confucius nearly 2500 years ago (China, 206 BC–220 AD). The use of Obeya rooms has been proven by many companies to be successful.
4th Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion
4th Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion (4th LARB) is a United States Marine Corps Light Armored Reconnaissance battalion of the Marine Corps Reserve. Their primary weapon system is the LAV-25 and they are part of the 4th Marine Division and Marine Forces Reserve. The unit headquarters is at Camp Pendleton, California, but other units in the battalion are located throughout the United States. 4th LAR Bn is the largest combat battalion in the Marine Corps, with 7 companies.

United States Marine Corps Light Armored Reconnaissance
The United States Marine Corps Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalions, or LAR Battalions, are fast and mobilized armored terrestrial reconnaissance units that conduct reconnaissance-in-force (RIF) ahead of the battalion landing teams or division infantry forces.  They mainly provide the Marine Air-Ground Task Force and the Marine Expeditionary Unit commanders vital intelligence of the enemy.

They perform their methods as special motorized, infantry-based reconnaissance units as they are equipped with LAV-25s to quickly penetrate enemy lines and locate and/or harass any enemy forces to determine their size, strengths, location, and any other pertinent information requested of the Marine commanders.
21st Air Division
The 21st Air Division (21st AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with Tactical Air Command, being stationed at Griffiss Air Force Base, New York. It was inactivated on 23 September 1983.

Topeka Regional Airport
Topeka Regional Airport (IATA: FOE, ICAO: KFOE, FAA LID: FOE), formerly known as Forbes Field, is a joint civil-military public airport owned by the Metropolitan Topeka Airport Authority in Shawnee County, Kansas, seven miles south of downtown Topeka, the capital city of Kansas. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a general aviation airport.

Topeka Regional Airport is used by the University of Kansas (KU) for charter flights for its athletic teams and by schools visiting the KU campus in Lawrence, which is 34 miles (55 km) east of the airport via the Kansas Turnpike. (Kansas City International Airport is 51 miles (82 km) from KU.) The airport had scheduled airline service by multiple carriers until 2014.

Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 11,573 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2019.
Harrier Combat Simulator
Harrier Combat Simulator (also known as High Roller) is a combat flight simulation game published in 1987 by Mindscape for the Commodore 64. Ports for Amiga, Atari ST and IBM PC (as a self-booting disk) followed in 1988.

Combat flight simulation game
Combat flight simulators are vehicle simulation games, amateur flight simulation computer programs used to simulate military aircraft and their operations. These are distinct from dedicated flight simulators used for professional pilot and military flight training which consist of realistic physical recreations of the actual aircraft cockpit, often with a full-motion platform.

Combat flight simulation titles are more numerous than civilian flight simulators due to the variety of subject matter available and market demand. Many free flight simulators, such as the open source Linux Air Combat, Falcon 4.0, Digital Combat Simulator and Rise of Flight, can be downloaded for free off the Internet.