hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lebrunia busbaie
Lebrunia busbaie is a flowering plant species of the family Clusiaceae. It is a tree endemic to the central Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the sole species comprised in the genus Lebrunia. The plant is native to Africa.

Clusiaceae
The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae Juss. (1789) (nom. alt. et cons. = alternative and valid name) are a family of plants including 13 genera and ca 750 species. Several former members of Clusiaceae are now placed in Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae. They are mostly trees and shrubs, with milky sap and fruits or capsules for seeds. The family is primarily tropical. More so than many plant families, it shows large variation in plant morphology (for example, three to 10 petals, which may be fused or unfused, and many other variable traits). According to the APG III, this family belongs to the order Malpighiales.

One feature sometimes found in this family, and rarely in others (e.g., Malpighiaceae), is providing pollinators with "pollination rewards" other than pollen or nectar; specifically, some species offer resin, which certain bees use in nest construction (each Clusiaceae species offers only one type of reward).
Tram roundabout
A tram roundabout or grand circle is a circular rail junction for trams in the shape of a roundabout.  A tram roundabout is able to provide the equivalent any-to-any connection of a grand union, but with a simplified tramway track configuration using one-way traffic, fewer turnouts and reduction in level junctions, at the cost of slightly more space. Trams may continue as one-way traffic in an endless loop around the tram roundabout junction.

A circular roundabout design is often used to allowing passing around a centrally-placed monument, or fountain, or small park.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.
History of Rock Tour
The History of Rock Tour was a concert tour by American rapper and singer Kid Rock in support of his compilation album The History of Rock. This was also the last tour to include Joe C. before his death in November 2000.

Devil Without a Cause
Devil Without a Cause is the fourth studio album by American musician Kid Rock. Released on August 18, 1998, the album saw Kid Rock continuing to develop his sound, and marked the finalization of his stage persona as a 'redneck pimp'. Additionally, the song "Cowboy" is seen as being instrumental in the development of the fusion genre country rap.

Devil Without a Cause was a major commercial success. Spurred by the popularity of the single "Bawitdaba", the album sold over 14 million copies, and was certified diamond. The album also received critical acclaim for its genre-mixing sound.
Stafford Creek Corrections Center
Stafford Creek Corrections Center (SCCC) is a Washington State Department of Corrections state prison for men located in Aberdeen, Washington.  The facility opened in 2000, has an operating capacity of 1936 inmates, and supports a mix of minimum, medium, and maximum security levels.

Stafford is one of a number of Washington prisons with an environmental program developed in conjunction with The Evergreen State College.  Inmates plant gardens (though health code restrictions are still being reviewed, preventing the food from being utilized in the institution kitchen), help restore protected wetlands by raising seedlings in prison greenhouses, and similar programs.  Results include an annual cost savings of $200,000 at Stafford from recycling trash, which decreased the amount of trash being hauled away

Aberdeen, Washington
Aberdeen (/ˈæbərdiːn/ AB-ər-deen) is a city in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States. The population was 17,013 at the 2020 census. The city is the most populous in Grays Harbor County and the region's economic center, bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. Aberdeen is occasionally referred to as the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula".
FIDE Women's Grand Prix 2009–2011
The FIDE Women's Grand Prix 2009–2011 was a series of six chess tournaments exclusively for women, which formed part of the qualification cycle for the Women's World Chess Championship 2011. The winner of the Grand Prix (the one with most Grand Prix points) was to challenge Hou Yifan—the 2010 world champion— in the third quarter of 2011. As Hou Yifan also won the Grand Prix, Koneru Humpy as the runner-up qualified for the championship match.

The final tournament was originally scheduled to take place in Santiago de Chile starting on October 23, 2010. However, due to problems with financing, the host was replaced and the final tournament was then played in Doha, Qatar.

Women's World Chess Championship 2010
The Women's World Chess Championship 2010 took place in Antakya, Turkey from December 2 through 24, 2010.

The tournament, like the previous ones, was played in a 64-player knock-out format. Each pairing consisted of two games, one with white and one with black, from which the winner advanced. In case of a tie, tiebreaks were played the next day, consisting of two rapid games and—if still tied—an Armageddon match. The final consisted of four games at classical time control, if necessary followed by four rapid tiebreak games.

The title was won by Hou Yifan from China who beat her compatriot Ruan Lufei in the final by 5–3, at 16 years of age making her the youngest Women's World Chess Champion in history.
Anthecology
Anthecology, or pollination biology, is the study of pollination as well as the relationships between flowers and their pollinators.: 8  Floral biology is a bigger field that includes these studies. Most flowering plants, or angiosperms, are pollinated by animals, and especially by insects. The major flower-frequenting insect taxa include beetles, flies, wasps, bees, ants, thrips, butterflies, and moths. Insects carry out pollination when visiting flowers to obtain nectar or pollen, to prey on other species, or when pseudo-copulating with insect-mimicking flowers such as orchids.: 282  Pollination-related interactions between plants and insects are considered mutualistic,: 283  and the relationships between plants and their pollinators have likely led to increased diversity of both angiosperms and the animals that pollinate them.: 64

Anthecology brings together many disciplines, such as botany, horticulture, entomology, and ecology.

Pseudocopulation
Pseudocopulation is a behavior similar to copulation that serves a reproductive function for one or both participants but does not involve actual sexual union between the individuals. It is most generally applied to a pollinator attempting to copulate with a flower adapted to mimic a potential female mate. The resemblance may be visual, but the key stimuli are often chemical and tactile. The form of mimicry in plants that deceives an insect into pseudocopulation is called Pouyannian mimicry after the French lawyer and amateur botanist Maurice-Alexandre Pouyanne.

A non-mimetic form of pseudocopulation has been observed in some parthenogenetic, all-female species of lizard. The behaviour does not appear to be necessary to trigger parthenogenesis.
Spurgeons
Spurgeons is a large national children's charity in the United Kingdom, working with vulnerable families, children and young people. It is based in Rushden, with several offices in the UK, and is a registered charity.

Spurgeons currently delivers more than 81 projects reaching over 37,000 children and 78,000 parents or carers every year.

The Christian charity works in partnership with local authorities, churches, charitable foundations and other supporters.

Rushden
Rushden is a town and civil parish in the North Northamptonshire district, in the county of Northamptonshire, England, around 18 miles (29 km) east of Northampton. The parish is on the border with Bedfordshire, 12 miles (19 km) north of Bedford.

The parish of Rushden covers an area of some 9,001 acres (36.43 km2). The population of Rushden is 32,038, making it the fifth largest town in the county.  The larger urban area, which includes the adjoining town of Higham Ferrers, has a population of 40,865.
Beit Wazan
Beit Wazan (Arabic: بيت وزن) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northern West Bank, located 4.5 kilometers west of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 1,312 inhabitants in 2017.

Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate (Arabic: محافظة نابلس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Nāblus) is an administrative district of Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus which serves as the muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The governor of the district is Mahmoud Aloul.
Master of the Antiphonal Q of San Giorgio Maggiore
The Master of the Antiphonal Q of San Giorgio Maggiore was an Italian painter of illuminated manuscripts active in the northern region, especially around Venice and possibly around Verona, between 1440 and 1470.  His name is derived from a choir book decorated for the Benedictine monks of San Giorgio Maggiore in that city.  Stylistically, he appears to have been aware of the work of Pisanello.  His miniatures are highly naturalistic, although bound by formal and decorative restraints.

Notname
In art history, a Notname (German: [ˈnoːtˌnaːmə] ⓘ, "name of necessity" or "contingency name") is an invented name given to an artist whose identity has been lost. The practice arose from the need to give such artists and their typically untitled or generically titled works an acceptable if unsatisfactory grouping to avoid confusion when cataloging.

The phrases provisional name, name of convenience, and emergency names are sometimes used to describe anonymous masters. Nonce name was at one time used.
Hedgehog (geometry)
In differential geometry, a hedgehog or plane hedgehog is a type of plane curve, the envelope of a family of lines determined by a support function. More intuitively, sufficiently well-behaved hedgehogs are plane curves with one tangent line in each oriented direction. A projective hedgehog is a restricted type of hedgehog, defined from an anti-symmetric support function, and (again when sufficiently well-behaved) forms a curve with one tangent line in each direction, regardless of orientation.

Every closed strictly convex curve is the envelope of its supporting lines. The astroid forms a non-convex hedgehog, and the deltoid curve forms a projective hedgehog.

Hedgehogs can also be defined from support functions of hyperplanes in higher dimensions.

Envelope (mathematics)
In geometry, an envelope of a planar family of curves is a curve that is tangent to each member of the family at some point, and these points of tangency together form the whole envelope. Classically, a point on the envelope can be thought of as the intersection of two "infinitesimally adjacent" curves, meaning the limit of intersections of nearby curves. This idea can be generalized to an envelope of surfaces in space, and so on to higher dimensions.

To have an envelope, it is necessary that the individual members of the family of curves are differentiable curves as the concept of tangency does not apply otherwise, and there has to be a smooth transition proceeding through the members. But these conditions are not sufficient – a given family may fail to have an envelope. A simple example of this is given by a family of concentric circles of expanding radius.
Ikot Ukpong
Ikot Ukpong is a village in Okon development ward II of Eket local government area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Ikot Ukpong means "Family of Ukpong" or "People of Ukpong". Ikot Ukpong is made up of different settler-families and descendants of the founder of the village. The deity of Ikot Ukpong was called "Ukpong Idem", meaning "spirit body". Other deities traditionally recognised by the village were Ekpo (ancestors) and Ndem Ikpa Isong (spirits of the land). Their primary language is Ibibio despite their affinity with Ekid people of Eket. Ikot Ukpong is occupied by the Ibibio people.

Ikot Ukpong is among the areas that were affected by the Atlantic slave trade of the sixteenth to nineteenth century.

Ibibio language
Ibibio (Standardized Ibibio: Ùsèm Ìbìbìò) is the native language of the Ibibio people of Nigeria, belonging to the Ibibio-Efik dialect cluster of the Cross River languages. The name Ibibio is sometimes used for the entire dialect cluster. In pre-colonial times, it was written with Nsibidi ideograms, similar to Igbo, Efik, Anaang, and Ejagham. Ibibio has also had influences on Afro-American diasporic languages such as AAVE words like buckra which come from the Ibibio word mbakara and in the Afro-Cuban tradition of abakua.
Bluff (poker)
In the card game of poker, a bluff is a bet or raise made with a hand which is not thought to be the best hand. To bluff is to make such a bet. The objective of a bluff is to induce a fold by at least one opponent who holds a better hand. The size and frequency of a bluff determines its profitability to the bluffer. By extension, the phrase "calling somebody's bluff" is often used outside the context of poker to describe situations where one person demands that another proves a claim, or proves that they are not being deceptive.

Draw (poker)
A poker player is drawing if they have a hand that is incomplete and needs further cards to become valuable. The hand itself is called a draw or drawing hand. For example, in seven-card stud, if four of a player's first five cards are all spades, but the hand is otherwise weak, they are drawing to a flush. In contrast, a made hand already has value and does not necessarily need to draw to win. A made starting hand with no help can lose to an inferior starting hand with a favorable draw. If an opponent has a made hand that will beat the player's draw, then the player is drawing dead; even if they make their desired hand, they will lose. Not only draws benefit from additional cards; many made hands can be improved by catching an out – and may have to in order to win.
Noribogaminalog
Noribogaminalog, or N-desmethylibogaminalog, also known as 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroazepino[4,5-b]indole, is a chemical compound and parent structure of the ibogalog group of compounds. The ibogalogs that have been described include ibogaminalog, ibogainalog, noribogainalog, tabernanthalog, catharanthalog, fluorogainalog, LS-22925, PNU-22394, and PHA-57378, among others. The ibogalogs, specifically ibogainalog and analogues, were first described in the scientific literature by 1968.

Catharanthalog
Catharanthalog (CAG) is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin receptor modulator of the ibogalog group related to the iboga alkaloid catharanthine but with a simplified chemical structure. It is known to act as a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist. The drug produces analgesic-like effects in a neuropathic pain model in rodents that can be reduced by the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist ketanserin. Catharanthalog is said to have relatively low blood–brain barrier permeability owing to relatively low lipophilicity. It does not produce the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents. The drug was first described in the scientific literature by 2025.
Five Temple Caves
The Five Temple Caves (simplified Chinese: 五个庙石窟; traditional Chinese: 五個廟石窟; pinyin: Wǔgèmiào shíkū) is a series of rock cut Buddhist caves in Subei Mongol Autonomous County, Gansu, northwest China. The complex once numbered twenty-two caves but over the centuries the number was reduced to five, of which four remain today, in a gorge on the left bank of the Danghe River (党河). On the basis of their structure and iconography, one of the caves is dated to the Northern Wei, the other three to the Five Dynasties and Song.  The complex lies some 80 kilometres (50 mi) to the south of the Mogao Caves, and together with these, the Western Thousand Buddha Caves, Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves, and Yulin Caves, is one of the five grotto sites in the vicinity of Dunhuang managed by the Dunhuang Academy. In 2013, in recognition of their significance to China, the Five Temple Caves were designated by SACH a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level.

Subei Mongol Autonomous County
The Subei Mongol Autonomous County (Chinese: 肃北蒙古族自治县; Mongolian: ᠰᠦᠪᠧᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ) is an autonomous county within the prefecture-level city of Jiuquan in the northwest of Gansu Province, China, bordering Xinjiang to the west, Qinghai Province to the southeast and Mongolia's Govi-Altai Province to the north. Containing the northernmost point in Gansu, Subei is split into two non-contiguous sections and has an area of 66,748 km2 (25,772 sq mi) and had approximately 13,046 inhabitants in 2000. To the east it shares a border with Ejin Banner, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia.
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust is an NHS Foundation Trust in England. It provides healthcare in London, Milton Keynes, Surrey and elsewhere. It was created in 2002 by a merger between Brent, Kensington & Chelsea, Westminster Mental Health NHS Trust, Harrow and Hillingdon Healthcare Trust, and the substance misuse service component of Hounslow and Spelthorne Community and Mental Health NHS Trust. It subsequently won additional contracts, including Milton Keynes Community Health Services from April 2013. CNWL is a member of Imperial College Health Partners.

NHS foundation trust
NHS foundation trusts are semi-autonomous organisational units within the National Health Service (NHS) in England. They operate with a degree of independence from the Department of Health and Social Care, and—prior to the abolition of strategic health authorities (SHAs) in 2013—from their respective SHA. Foundation trusts were established to decentralise decision-making and improve responsiveness to local needs. As of March 2019, there were 151 foundation trusts in operation.
Language shift
Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time. Often, languages that are perceived to be of higher-status stabilize or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived—even by their own speakers—to have lower status. An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin during the time of the Roman Empire.

Language assimilation may operate alongside other aspects of cultural assimilation when different cultures meet and merge.

Southern Basque Country
The Southern Basque Country (Basque: Hegoalde, Hego Euskal Herria; Spanish: País Vasco sur, País Vasco peninsular), also known as the Spanish Basque Country (Basque: Espainiako Euskal Herria; Spanish: País Vasco español), is the Basque territories southside of the Pyrenees, within the Iberian Peninsula.
Candidates in the 2024 United Kingdom general election
Prospective parliamentary candidates were selected for the 2024 general election.

Due to the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, most constituency boundaries changed at this election. The tables below show both the new and old constituency names. Candidates might have been selected on either the old or the new boundaries.

At the deadline on 7 June 2024, a total of 132 MPs announced they were standing down at the election. This included a record number of Conservative MPs. 29 former Members of Parliament intend to stand in the election. For the first time since 2015, there were no vacant seats at dissolution.

The deadline for candidates to be nominated was 16:00 BST on 7 June 2024.

A total of 4,515 candidates were nominated, more than in any previous general election.

Heywood and Middleton North
Heywood and Middleton North is a constituency in Greater Manchester represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Elsie Blundell of the Labour Party.

Before the 2024 general election, the constituency was known as Heywood and Middleton. The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies proposed that two of the Middleton wards be included in a new constituency named Blackley and Middleton South and this seat be renamed Heywood and Middleton North.
2007 Milwaukee Brewers season
The 2007 Milwaukee Brewers season was the 38th season for the Brewers in Milwaukee, their 10th in the National League, and their 39th overall. It also marked the 25th anniversary of the Milwaukee Brewers winning the American League pennant and the 50th anniversary of the Milwaukee Braves winning the World Series.

During the offseason, the Brewers re-signed free agents Bill Hall and Chris Capuano. The Brewers were also able to sign starting pitcher Jeff Suppan, second baseman Craig Counsell, and third baseman Tony Graffanino from free agency.

The Brewers finished in second place in the National League Central with a record of 83–79, achieving their first winning record since 1992. During the franchise's 25-year playoff drought from 1983-2007, 2007 tied with 1988 (at 2 games back) as the closest the team came to making the playoffs.

Chris Capuano
Christopher Frank Capuano (born August 19, 1978) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He was selected by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the eighth round of the 1999 MLB draft. During his career, Capuano played for the Diamondbacks, Milwaukee Brewers, New York Mets, Los Angeles Dodgers, Boston Red Sox, and New York Yankees, and was named an MLB All-Star in 2006.
Casimiro Olañeta
José Joaquín Casimiro Olañeta y Güemes (1795–1860) was a nephew of Pedro Antonio Olañeta who, after working for him, turned against his uncle in favor of Bolivian independence. He faced criticism as being two-faced or Machiavellian, in part because the shift occurred in a matter of weeks. He went on to serve as an advisor to Antonio José de Sucre. Casimiro opposed his land being linked in a nation with Argentina.

Olañeta was President of the Bolivian constituent assembly in 1826. He was Minister of Finance of Peru from August 1837 to November 1837. He served as the President of the Chamber of Senators of Bolivia in 1846 as well as a Peruvian representative in Chile.

President of the Chamber of Senators of Bolivia
The president of the Chamber of Senators of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente de la Cámara de Senadores de Bolivia) is the presiding officer of the upper chamber of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly. The president is currently elected for a one-year term.

Below is a list of office-holders.:
Veregin
Veregin is a special service area in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located 50 kilometres northeast of Yorkton, and 10 km to the west of Kamsack.

Veregin was incorporated as a village in 1912 and was named after the Veregin Station (built 1908), and misspelled by the railroad when it earlier built the misspelled Veregin Siding in 1904, named after Peter V. Verigin. The Veregin railway station is served by Via Rail.

Yorkton
Yorkton is a city located in south-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 450 kilometres (280 mi) north-west of Winnipeg, Manitoba and is the sixth-largest city in the province. Yorkton was founded in 1882 and incorporated as a city in 1928. The city is bordered by the rural municipalities of Orkney to the north, west, and south, and Wallace on the east.