hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd Virginia Infantry Regiment
The 3rd Virginia Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia.

Benjamin Huger (general)
Benjamin Huger (November 22, 1805 – December 7, 1877) was a regular officer in the United States Army, who served with distinction as chief of ordnance in the Mexican–American War and in the American Civil War, as a Confederate general. He notably surrendered Roanoke Island and then the rest of the Norfolk, Virginia shipyards, attracting criticism for allowing valuable equipment to be captured. At Seven Pines, he was blamed by General James Longstreet for impeding the Confederate attack and was transferred to an administrative post after a lackluster performance in the Seven Days Battles.
Eesti Ajalehed
Eesti Ajalehed (English: Estonian Newspapers) was an Estonian publishing company, which published the newspapers Maaleht and Eesti Ekspress. The company belonged to the Tallinn Stock Exchange. The company operated in Tallinn. In 2015, Ekspress Grupp merged its subsidiaries AS Eesti Ajalehed and AS Delfi into one company, which was named AS Ekspress Meedia.

Eesti Ekspress
Eesti Ekspress (Estonian Express) is an Estonian weekly newspaper.

Founded in 1989, Eesti Ekspress was the first politically independent newspaper in the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic during the Soviet control of Estonia.

The paper is published by AS Eesti Ajalehed, a part of the public media company Ekspress Grupp (EEG1T) that is listed on the Tallinn Stock Exchange.

In March 2010 the newspaper shifted to a magazine-like format (275 × 355 mm) resembling Der Spiegel and Stern.
NLRP10
NLRP10, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 10, is an intracellular protein of mammals that functions in apoptosis and the immune system.  It is also known as NALP10, NOD8, PAN5, Pynod, and CLR11.1, and is one of 14 pyrin domain containing members of the NOD-like receptor family of cytoplasmic receptors, although it differs from other NOD-like receptors by lacking the characteristic leucine-rich repeat domain. It is also believed that it helps regulate the inflammatory response. NLRP10 reduces inflammatory and innate immune responses by inhibiting the activity of two proteins associated with the inflammasome; caspase-1 and PYCARD.

Leucine-rich repeat
A leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is a protein structural motif that forms an α/β horseshoe fold. It is composed of repeating 20–30 amino acid stretches that are unusually rich in the hydrophobic amino acid leucine. These tandem repeats commonly fold together to form a solenoid protein domain, termed leucine-rich repeat domain. Typically, each repeat unit has beta strand-turn-alpha helix structure, and the assembled domain, composed of many such repeats, has a horseshoe shape with an interior parallel beta sheet and an exterior array of helices. One face of the beta sheet and one side of the helix array are exposed to solvent and are therefore dominated by hydrophilic residues. The region between the helices and sheets is the protein's hydrophobic core and is tightly sterically packed with leucine residues.

Leucine-rich repeats are frequently involved in the formation of protein–protein interactions.
Mere Humdum Mere Dost
Mere Humdum Mere Dost (Urdu: میرے ہمدم میرے دوست, lit. 'My companion, my friend') is a Pakistani romantic drama series. It first aired on Urdu 1 in April 2014. It was directed by Shahzad Kashmiri and produced by Momina Duraid. The drama serial is based on Farhat Ishtiaq's novel of the same name.

Zindagi (India) started airing the series from 21 March 2016.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
FC Hilversum
FC Hilversum is a football club from Hilversum, Netherlands. The club was founded in 1906 as Voorwaarts and is currently playing in the Topklasse, the highest tier of amateur football in the Netherlands. It will play in the inaugural season of the newly formed Dutch third tier Topklasse in 2010–11.

Derde Divisie
The Derde Divisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛrdə diˈvizi]; English: Third Division), formerly known as Topklasse (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔpklɑsə]; English: Top Class), is the fourth tier of football in the Netherlands, which had its inaugural season as a third tier in 2010–11 and as a fourth tier in 2016–17. The league is placed between the Tweede Divisie and the Vierde Divisie (formerly Hoofdklasse), the third and fifth tiers of Dutch football, respectively. The introduction of the then Topklasse resulted from discussions between the Royal Dutch Football Association, the Coöperatie Eerste Divisie (the clubs in the Eerste Divisie) and the Centraal Overleg Hoofdklassers (the clubs in the Hoofdklasse).
Shapshi
Shapshi (Tatar: Шәпше, romanized: Şäpşe; Russian: Шапши) is a rural locality (a selo) in Vysokogorsky District, Tatarstan, Russia. The population was 1,268 as of 2010.

Shapshi is located 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) east of Vysokaya Gora, the district's administrative centre, and 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Kazan, the republic's capital, by road.

The village already existed during the period of the Kazan Khanate. It forms part of the district since 1965.

There are 40 streets in the village.

Zheleznodorozhnoy stantsii Vysokaya Gora
Zheleznodorozhnoy stantsii Vysokaya Gora (Russian: Посёлок железнодорожной станции Высокая Гора, Tatar: Биектау тимер юл станциясе бистәсе) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Vysokogorsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Population:  2,968 (2010 Census); 2,936 (2002 Census); 2,759 (1989 Soviet census).
Albert B. Randall
Rear Admiral Albert B. Randall, U.S.N.R., (September 10, 1879 - December 1, 1945) served as the Commandant of the US Maritime Service and retired as the Commodore of the Fleet of the United States Lines. He was descended from Stephen Randall, one of the first settlers of Middle Island, New York. Nicknamed 'Rescue Randall' for rescues at sea, He was a friend to President Franklin D. Roosevelt and gained the distinction of being the first merchant marine officer ever to receive the high rank of rear admiral, in September 1941.

United States Maritime Service
The United States Maritime Service (USMS) was established in 1938 under the provisions of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936 as voluntary training organization to train individuals to become officers and crew members on merchant ships that form the United States Merchant Marine per 46 U.S.C. § 51701.  Heavily utilized during World War II, the USMS was largely dissolved in 1954, and its resources were absorbed into other federal departments. However, while the service is no longer structurally organized, remnants of the service still exist today and the service still actively commission officers to fill the ranks of the U.S. Navy Strategic Sealift Officer corps and to function as administrators and instructors at the United States Merchant Marine Academy and the state maritime academies.
La Pitié suprême
La Pitié suprême ("The Supreme Compassion") is a long poem in fifteen sections, by Victor Hugo, published in February 1879.

It was originally part of La Légende des Siècles, and was linked with the immense poem La Révolution which was supposed to be at its centre. The two long poems which would follow La Révolution -- Le Verso de la page and La Pitié Suprême—would serve to explain or justify God's permission of the violence of the French Revolution by pointing to its ultimate effect of liberation.

La Légende des Siècles developed differently, however, and the central episode was set aside. Le Verso de la page was separated into several pieces, and La Pitié Suprême published alone (but in the same stretch of work as Le Pape, L'Âne and Religions et religion, forming a kind of philosophical testament), two years before its original parent La Révolution appeared as part of Les Quatre Vents de l'esprit in 1881.

Religions et religion
Religions et religion (transl. Religions and religion) is a book-length poem by Victor Hugo. The poem is a philosophical, theological, and political text on materialism and Christianity. It was first published in 1880 and received positive critical reviews.
Mary Ann Meets the Gravediggers and Other Short Stories
Mary Ann Meets the Gravediggers and Other Short Stories is a compilation album by Regina Spektor, released in 2006 for the UK market, where it reached number 185 on the UK Albums Chart. It features songs from her three previous albums, 11:11, Songs, and Soviet Kitsch. The CD comes packaged with a bonus DVD (Region 2) featuring the short promo film "Survival Guide to Soviet Kitsch" and the music video for the song "Us". (These are the same materials found on the DVD that accompanied some US and Australian editions of Soviet Kitsch.)

The title comes from two tracks on the compilation that mention a character named Mary Ann ("Sailor Song" and "Mary Ann") and two tracks that mention gravediggers ("Consequence of Sounds" and "Pavlov’s Daughter").

The cover art was drawn by Julie Morstad and is done in the style of Edward Gorey.

Soviet Kitsch
Soviet Kitsch is the major label debut and third album by American singer/songwriter Regina Spektor. It was originally released on Shoplifter Records on May 2, 2003, but was reissued on August 17, 2004, when Spektor signed with Sire Records. The title is drawn from Spektor being born in the Soviet Union, and Milan Kundera's expression for the vacuous aesthetics of Stalinist-style communism (a theme in his book The Unbearable Lightness of Being). One version of the album was released with a bonus DVD, which included a short promotional film titled The Survival Guide to Soviet Kitsch and the music video for the song "Us."
M. Jaishankar
M. Jaishankar (1977 – 27 February 2018), nicknamed Psycho Shankar, was an Indian criminal, sexual predator, and serial killer, notorious for a series of rapes and murders during 2008–2011. It is believed that he was involved in about 30 rapes, murders, and robbery cases across Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. At the time of his death, he had been accused of murdering at least 19 women.

Having been apprehended by Indian authorities, Jaishankar was imprisoned in Bangalore, where he was diagnosed as mentally ill. He killed himself following an unsuccessful prison escape attempt in February 2018. He was the subject of a 2017 Kannada movie, "Psycho Shankara", focussing on his victims and their family members during his murder spree.

Bangalore Central Prison
Central Prison, Bengaluru (also called Bengaluru Central Jail and Parappana Agrahara Central Prison) is the largest prison in the Indian state of Karnataka. Established in 1997, it became the central prison of Bengaluru in 2000 when the old jail, which has since been converted to Freedom Park, was shut for renovation.

As of July 2023, the prison is spread over 40 acres and is the most overcrowded prison in Karnataka with more than 5,000 inmates despite its capacity being only 2,200.
Cerro Gordo Mines
The Cerro Gordo Mines are a collection of abandoned mines located in Cerro Gordo in the Inyo Mountains, Inyo County, near Lone Pine, California. Mining operations were conducted from 1866 to 1957, producing high grade silver, lead, and zinc ore; and, more rarely, gold and copper.

Some ore was smelted on site, but larger capacity smelters were eventually constructed along the shore of nearby Owens Lake. These smelting operations were the beginnings of the towns of Swansea and Keeler. Most of the metal ingots produced here were transported to Los Angeles. Mining of silver and lead peaked in the early 1880s, with a second mining boom producing zinc in the 1910s.

Home to some 4,700 people during its peak, the site is now a California ghost town.

Inyo Mountains
The Inyo Mountains are a short mountain range east of the Sierra Nevada in eastern California in the United States. The range separates the Owens Valley to the west from Saline Valley to the east, extending for approximately 70 miles (110 km) south-southeast from the southern end of the White Mountains, from which they are separated by Westgard Pass, to the east of Owens Lake.

Geologically, the mountains are a fault block range in the Basin and Range Province, at the western end of the Great Basin. They are considered to be among the most important and best-known Late Proterozoic to Cambrian sections in the United States.
2000 Victorian local elections
The 2000 Victorian local elections were held on 18 March 2000	to elect the councils of 41 of the 78 local government areas in Victoria, Australia.

Until 2008, local elections in Victoria were conducted periodically, meaning 37 councils were not up for election in 2000.

2008 Victorian local elections
The 2008 Victorian local elections were held on 29 November 2008 to elect the councils of the 79 local government areas in Victoria, Australia.

As a result of changes to the Local Government Act 1989, local elections in Victoria were no longer conducted periodically, and all 79 LGAs voted at the same time.

The elections saw the first election victories for The Greens in Casey, Darebin, Glen Eira, Manningham, Queenscliffe and Surf Coast.

Labor Party-endorsed candidates ran in Maribyrnong, while former Liberal leader Robert Doyle was elected Lord Mayor of Melbourne on the Activate Melbourne ticket.
Raišiai
Raišiai is a village in Vilnius District Municipality, Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, it had a population of 11. It is located on the southern coast of Salotė Lake, close to the Girulių Forest, and 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from Pilaitė.

In 2021, a treasure was discovered in Raišiai with 40 Grand Duke Jogaila's coins (Denars), some of which had lions while others had horsemen wielding swords or spears, most of the coins were minted in 1377–1386 (prior to the crowning of Jogaila as the Polish King).

Vilnius District Municipality
Vilnius District Municipality (Lithuanian: Vilniaus rajono savivaldybė) is one of the 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It surrounds the capital city of Vilnius on three sides. The municipality is also bordered by Trakai district and Elektrėnai municipality in the west, Astravyets and Ashmyany districts of Belarus in the east, Širvintos, Molėtai and Švenčionys districts in the north and Šalčininkai district in the south.

The population of the district is one of the fastest growing in Lithuania because of the migration of Vilnius' inhabitants to the suburbs. It stood at 116,584 in January 2024, up from 84 thousand in the early 1990s, meaning an increase by more than a third in less than 30 years.
Windows Vista networking technologies
In computing, Microsoft's Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 introduced in 2007/2008 a new networking stack named Next Generation TCP/IP stack,
to improve on the previous stack in several ways.
The stack includes native implementation of IPv6, as well as a complete overhaul of IPv4. The new TCP/IP stack uses a new method to store configuration settings that enables more dynamic control and does not require a computer restart after a change in settings. The new stack, implemented as a dual-stack model, depends on a strong host-model and features an infrastructure to enable more modular components that one can dynamically insert and remove.

TCP tuning
TCP tuning techniques adjust the network congestion avoidance parameters of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connections over high-bandwidth, high-latency networks. Well-tuned networks can perform up to 10 times faster in some cases. However, blindly following instructions without understanding their real consequences can hurt performance as well.
Natural Gas Revenue Fund
The Natural Gas Revenue Fund (NGRF) is the sovereign wealth fund of Tanzania launched in 2015 after the enactment of a bill by the National Assembly. It manages the revenue accrued from the sale of its natural gas. As of April 2014, Tanzania has a recoverable gas reserve of 43.1 tcf. The fund is managed by the Bank of Tanzania. However, according to PFC Energy, 25 to 30 trillion cubic feet of recoverable natural gas resources have been discovered in Tanzania since 2010.

Bank of Tanzania
The Bank of Tanzania (Swahili: Benki Kuu ya Tanzania) is the central bank of the United Republic of Tanzania. It is responsible for issuing the national currency, the Tanzanian shilling.

The bank was established under the Bank of Tanzania Act 1965. However, in 1995, the government decided that the central bank had too many responsibilities, thus hindering its other objectives. As a result, the government introduced the Bank of Tanzania Act 1995, which gave the bank the single objective of monetary policy.

It is governed by a board of directors consisting of ten people, four of whom are ex officio members which have three advisory committees that can assist them. The bank is headed by its Governor, assisted by three deputy governors in Administration, Economic and financial policies and Financial stability.
1937 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1937 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 50th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Faughs entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 6 June 1937 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Young Irelands and University College Dublin, in what was their third meeting in the final overall. Young Irelands won the match by 7–04 to 2–04 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in five years.

1932 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1932 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 45th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Garda entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 1 May 1932 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Young Irelands and University College Dublin, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Young Irelands won the match by 8–02 to 3–01 to claim their first ever championship title.
Esteban Echeverría Partido
Esteban Echeverría Partido is a partido in the Gran Buenos Aires urban area, in Buenos Aires Province in Argentina.

The provincial subdivision has a population of 300,959 inhabitants  in an area of 120 km2 (46 sq mi), and its capital city is Monte Grande, which is 29 km (18 mi) from Buenos Aires.

The partido is named after the poet and novelist Esteban Echeverría.

Partidos of Buenos Aires
A partido is the second-level administrative subdivision used only in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They are formally considered to be a single administrative unit, usually contain one or more population centers (i.e., towns and cities), and are divided into localidades. The subdivision in partidos in Buenos Aires Province is distinct from all other provinces of Argentina, which call their second-level subdivisions departamento and are further subdivided into distinct municipalities.
Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau
The Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau is a rural landscape and one of the natural regions of central England, straddling the border between the counties of Shropshire and Staffordshire. It stretches from the western fringes of the Birmingham conurbation to Telford in the north and Kidderminster in the south. The major feature of the plateau is the valley of the River Severn, which cuts through it from north to south. It consists of Permian and Triassic-age New Red Sandstone getting older as one goes west until one reaches Silurian and Carboniferous-age siltstones and coals west of the river.

River Stour, Worcestershire
The Stour (/ˈstaʊər/, rhymes with "flour") is a river flowing through the counties of Worcestershire, the West Midlands and Staffordshire in the West Midlands region of England. The Stour is a major tributary of the River Severn, and is about 25 miles (40 km) in length. It has played a considerable part in the economic history of the region.
Tokyo 2nd district
Tokyo 2nd district (東京都第2区 Tōkyō-to dai-ni-ku or simply 東京2区 Tōkyō ni-ku) is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan (national legislature). It is located in eastern mainland Tokyo and covers central parts of the former Tokyo City. The district consists of the wards of Chūō and Taitō. As of 2012, 424,273 eligible voters were registered in the district.

Before the electoral reform of 1994, the area formed Tokyo 8th district where two Representatives had been elected by single non-transferable vote. The current Representative for the 2nd district is Liberal Democrat Kiyoto Tsuji who won in the 2012 Representatives election with less than a third of the vote.

Taitō
Taitō (台東区, Taitō-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. In English, it is known as Taitō City.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 186,276, and a population density of 18,420 persons per km2. The total area is 10.11 square kilometres (3.90 sq mi). This makes Taito ward the smallest of Tokyo's wards in area, and third-smallest in population.
Lotus station
Lotus station (Chinese: 蓮花站; Portuguese: Estação do Lótus) is a transfer station on the Taipa line and the Hengqin line of the Macau Light Rapid Transit in Cotai, Macau. It is an elevated station located at Estrada Flor de Lótus adjacent to Studio City, near the south end of the Cotai Strip.

Taipa line
The Taipa line (Chinese: 氹仔線; Jyutping: tam5 zai2 sin3; Portuguese: Linha da Taipa) is the first line in Macau Light Rapid Transit. The line initially opened on 10 December 2019, providing service between Ocean and Taipa Ferry Terminal as the first phase of the Taipa line. The automated guideway transit line has a U-shaped route within the island of Taipa and currently connects 13 stations; a link to Macau Peninsula officially opened on 8 December 2023.
1979 Italian general election
The 1979 Italian general election was held in Italy on 3 June 1979. This election was called just a week before the European elections.

Terrorist attacks by the Red Brigades led to a reversal of the results of the previous election three years before: for the first time the Italian Communist Party lost significant numbers of seats, delaying the government change that had seemed imminent in 1976. The Communist defeat gave new strength to minor parties, as tactical voting for Christian Democracy seemed less necessary to prevent a communist victory. The Christian Democrats remained stable nonetheless, while the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement was weakened by the success of its spin-off National Democracy.

1976 Italian general election
The 1976 Italian general election was held in Italy on 20 June 1976. It was the first election after the voting age was lowered to 18.

Christian Democracy (DC) won roughly the same number of votes as it had four years ago. The Italian Communist Party performed well, winning seven percent more votes than the previous election, while minor parties lost votes to the Christian Democrats due to fears of communism. The historic Italian Liberal Party was nearly annihilated. Two new parties made their debut in this election: the liberal Radical Party, which had led a successful referendum on divorce, and the far-left Trotskyist Proletarian Democracy.