hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Montenero Sabino
Montenero Sabino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Rome and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Rieti.

Among the landmarks in town are the Castello Orsini and the parish church of San Cataldo.

Rieti
Rieti (Italian: [ˈrjɛːti]; Latin: Reate, Sabino: Riete) is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 47,700. It is the administrative seat of the province of Rieti and see of the diocese of Rieti, as well as the modern capital of the Sabina region.

The town centre stands on a small hilltop, commanding from the southern edge the wide Rieti valley, at the bottom of the Sabine hills and of monti Reatini, including mount Terminillo. The plain was once a large lake, drained by the ancient Romans, and is now the fertile basin of the Velino River. Only the small Ripasottile and Lungo lakes remain of the larger original.
Gas Light and Coke Company
The Gas Light and Coke Company (also known as the Westminster Gas Light and Coke Company, and the Chartered Gas Light and Coke Company), was a company that made and supplied coal gas and coke. The headquarters of the company were located on Horseferry Road in Westminster, Middlesex. It is identified as the original company from which British Gas plc is descended.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Arron Fray
Arron Fray (born 1 May 1987) is a footballer who plays as a defender for Glebe.

Fray was born in Bromley and came through the Crystal Palace academy, making a surprise debut for the club against Italian club Internazionale in July 2005, playing on the opposite side of defence to his natural position of right-back. During the 2005–06 season, he played two matches in the Football League Cup for Crystal Palace, against Walsall and Coventry City. Fray was released by Palace in 2008 without making a league appearance and he subsequently signed for Dagenham & Redbridge. Fray did not make a league appearance for them either, and was released in 2009. Fray then signed for non-league club Bromley. In 2011, Fray signed for Thurrock. He subsequently signed for Erith and Belvedere of the Southern Counties East Football League. As of June 2020 Fray was playing for Glebe in the Southern Counties East Football League.

Southern Counties East Football League
The Southern Counties East Football League is an English football league established in 1966, which has teams based in Kent and Southeast London. Its two divisions are allocated at Step 5 and Step 6 of the National League System (which equates to Levels 9–10 of the overall English football league system). At its inception it was known as the Kent Premier League, and until 2013 as the Kent League.

There is no direct connection between this league and a previous Kent League that existed from 1894 to 1959, despite many clubs having spells of membership in both leagues.
Friction disk shock absorber
Friction disc shock absorbers or André Hartford dampers were an early form of shock absorber or damper used for car suspension. They were commonly used in the 1930s but were considered obsolete post-war.

Compared to modern shock absorbers friction dampers only provided limited shock absorption but served mainly to damp down oscillation.

Stiction
Stiction (a portmanteau of the words static and friction) is the force that needs to be overcome to enable relative motion of stationary objects in contact.
Any solid objects pressing against each other (but not sliding) will require some threshold of force parallel to the surface of contact in order to overcome static adhesion.  Stiction is a threshold, not a continuous force. However, stiction might also be an illusion made by the rotation of kinetic friction.

In situations where two surfaces with areas below the micrometer scale come into close proximity (as in an accelerometer), they may adhere together. At this scale, electrostatic and/or Van der Waals and hydrogen bonding forces become significant. The phenomenon of two such surfaces being adhered together in this manner is also called stiction. Stiction may be related to hydrogen bonding or residual contamination.
Kullu shawl
A Kullu shawl is a type of shawl made in Kullu, India, featuring various geometrical patterns and bright colors. Originally, indigenous Kulivi people would weave plain shawls, but following the arrival of craftspeople from Bushahr in the early 1940s, the trend of more patterned shawls came to rise.

Typical Kullu shawls have geometrical designs on both ends. The shawls may also have floral designs, which may run all over. Each design may have up to eight colors. Most traditional colors are often bright colors, used to emphasize the shawl and make it more appealing, however, there are instances where the shawl is made with a more dull color, such as pastel. Kulu shawls are also crafted in yak's wool, sheep wool, Pashmina, and other handcrafted material.

Pashmina (material)
Pashmina (/pæʃˈmiːnə, pɑːʃ-/, also UK: /pʌʃ-/) refers to, depending on the source, the cashmere wool of the Changthangi cashmere goat, or fine Kashmiri cashmere wool.

The word pashm means "wool" in Persian, but in Kashmir, pashm referred to the raw unspun wool of domesticated Changthangi goats. In common parlance today, pashmina may refer either to the material or to the variant of the Kashmir shawl that is made from it. Both cashmere and pashmina come from the same goat but typical cashmere ranges from 12 to 21 microns in diameter, whereas pashmina can also refer to a cashmere and silk blend (70% / 30%) that has a typical fiber range from 12 to 16 microns.
Mercy Medical Center (Idaho)
Mercy Medical Center was a Roman Catholic hospital located in Nampa, Idaho. The hospital was founded in 1919 by the Sisters of Mercy at the nearby Mercy Hospital and moved to the current location in 1967.  It was acquired by Trinity Health Systems and added to the Saint Alphonsus chain in 2010. 
It was closed in 2017 when services moved to the new St. Alphonsus facilities. Demolition began in December 2019.

Trinity Health
Trinity Health is an American not-for-profit Catholic health system operating 92 hospitals in 22 states, including 120 continuing care locations encompassing home care, hospice, PACE and senior living facilities. Based in Livonia, Michigan, Trinity Health employs more than 120,000 people including 5,300 physicians.

Sponsored by Catholic Health Ministries, Trinity Health operates facilities in the US states of Alabama, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota.

Trinity Health Chicopee is a comprehensive healthcare system that offers a wide range of services to patients in the Chicopee, Massachusetts area. The system includes a hospital, a network of outpatient clinics, and a variety of support services.
Gmina Kroczyce
Gmina Kroczyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Kroczyce, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-east of Zawiercie and 54 km (34 mi) north-east of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 110.15 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi), and its total population is 6,331 as of 2019.

Zawiercie County
Zawiercie County (Polish: powiat zawierciański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zawiercie, which lies 41 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Katowice. The county contains five other towns: Poręba, 6 km (4 mi) west of Zawiercie, Łazy, 8 km (5 mi) south of Zawiercie, Ogrodzieniec, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Zawiercie, Szczekociny, 33 km (21 mi) north-east of Zawiercie, and Pilica, 18 km (11 mi) east of Zawiercie.

The county covers an area of 1,003.27 square kilometres (387.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 118,020. The most populated towns are Zawiercie with 49,334 inhabitants and Poręba with 8,525 inhabitants.
Bibliography of cryptography
Books on cryptography have been published sporadically and with variable quality for a long time. This is despite the paradox that secrecy is of the essence in sending confidential messages – see Kerckhoffs' principle.

In contrast, the revolutions in cryptography and secure communications since the 1970s are covered in the available literature.

David Kahn (writer)
David Kahn (February 7, 1930 – January 23, 2024) was an American historian, journalist, and writer. He wrote extensively on the history of cryptography and military intelligence.

Kahn's first published book, The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing (1967), has been widely considered to be a definitive account of the history of cryptography.
Qaratay
Qaratays, also known as Karatais, Karatays (Russian: Каратаи, Karatay; Tatar: Каратайлар, Qarataylar; Moksha: каратайхть, karatajiť), are a Mordvinian ethnic group in Kamsko-Ustyinsky District, Tatarstan around the village of Mordovsky Karatay. They speak a variety of the Tatar language complemented by Moksha words, which is sometimes considered as a Qaratay dialect of the Kazan Tatar language. They number about 100.

Once they lived in three villages, but one of them was submerged by Kuybyshev Reservoir. Another one was re-settled as "unprospective" during the 1950s.
The village of Mordovsky Karatay became the last Qaratay village.

Their ancestors lived in the territory of today Tatarstan and were assimilated by Volga Bolgars and Tatars between the 8th and 15th centuries. Living around Tatars, they started speaking a Tatar language. Neighbouring Mordvins in Tetyushsky District, however, still speak a Uralic language.

Moksha language
Moksha (мокшень кяль, mokšəń käĺ, pronounced ['mɔkʃənʲ kælʲ]) is a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Mokshas, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010.
Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia.
Its closest relative is the Erzya language, with which it is not mutually intelligible. Moksha is also possibly closely related to the extinct Meshcherian and Muromian languages.
LTspice
LTspice is a SPICE-based analog electronic circuit simulator computer software, produced by semiconductor manufacturer Analog Devices (originally by Linear Technology). It is the most widely distributed and used SPICE software in the industry. Though it is freeware, it is not artificially restricted to limit its abilities (no limits on: features, nodes, components, subcircuits). It ships with a library of SPICE models from Analog Devices, Linear Technology, Maxim Integrated, and third-party sources.

1N400x rectifier diodes
The 1N400x (or 1N4001 or 1N4000) series is a family of popular one-ampere general-purpose silicon rectifier diodes commonly used in AC adapters for common household appliances.  Its blocking voltage varies from 50 volts (1N4001) to 1000 volts (1N4007).  This JEDEC device number series is available in the DO-41 axial package.  Diodes with similar ratings are available in SMA and MELF surface mount packages (in other part number series).

The 1N540x (or 1N5400) series is a similarly popular family of diodes rated 3 Amperes, which has a larger DO-201AD axial package to dissipate heat better.
1984 Rome Grand Prix
The 26th Gran Premio di Roma (Rome Grand Prix), was the fourth round of the 1984 European Championship for F2 Drivers. This was held at the Autodromo Vallelunga Piero Taruffi, to the north of Rome, on 13 May.

Ralt
Ralt was a manufacturer of single-seater racing cars, founded by ex-Jack Brabham associate Ron Tauranac after he sold out his interest in Brabham to Bernie Ecclestone. Ron and his brother had built some specials in Australia in the 1950s under the Ralt name (standing for Ron and Austin Lewis Tauranac). Tauranac won the 1954 NSW Hillclimb Championship in the Ralt 500.
93rd Aero Squadron
The 93d Aero Squadron was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.

The squadron was assigned as a Day Pursuit (Fighter) Squadron as part of the 3d Pursuit Group, First United States Army. Its mission was to engage and clear enemy aircraft from the skies and provide escort to reconnaissance and bombardment squadrons over enemy territory. It also attacked enemy observation balloons, and perform close air support and tactical bombing attacks of enemy forces along the front lines. After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron returned to the United States in March 1919 and was demobilized.

The current United States Air Force unit which holds its lineage and history is the 93d Bomb Squadron, assigned to the 307th Operations Group at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana.

First Army (United States)
First Army is the oldest and longest-established field army of the United States Army. It served as a theater army, having seen service in both World War I and World War II, and supplied the US army with soldiers and equipment during the Korean War and the Vietnam War under some of the most famous and distinguished officers of the U.S. Army. It now serves as a mobilization, readiness and training command.
Kerry Marx
Kerry Alan Marx is an American guitarist and studio musician who has served as music director of the Grand Ole Opry since 2018. He is best known for his work with that organization, where he has been staff guitarist since 2000. He has been described as being among "Nashville's most in-demand musicians", and has played with many notable musicians including Johnny Cash, Taylor Swift, John Legend, James Taylor, and Steven Tyler. He was guitarist for the CD "Songs From The Neighborhood," which received a Grammy award, the album Many Moods of Moses which received a Grammy nomination, and for the 2 time multi-platinum self-titled album by musical group Blackhawk.

Marx was also a member of The Johnny Cash Show band, and toured extensively with Don McLean. In June 2023, Marx was inducted into the South Carolina Entertainment & Music Hall of Fame.

Country Music Association Awards
The Country Music Association Awards, also known as the CMA Awards or CMAs, are presented to country music artists and broadcasters to recognize outstanding achievement in the country music industry. The televised annual presentation ceremony features performances and award presentations by popular country music artists, with occasional appearances from pop and rock artists. The CMA Awards were first presented in 1967, and televised for the first time the following year.
Bugatti Automobiles
Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. (French pronunciation: [bygati]) is a French luxury sports car manufacturer. The company was founded in 1998 as a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group and is based in Molsheim, Alsace, France. The company makes a variety of two-seater and track-only cars.

The original Bugatti automobile brand was established by Ettore Bugatti (1881–1947) in 1909 at Molsheim and built sports, racing and luxury cars.

In November 2021, the company became part of Bugatti Rimac, a joint venture between Rimac Group and Porsche AG. Since 1 November 2021, the company has been led by Mate Rimac as chief executive officer of Bugatti Rimac.

Molsheim
Molsheim (French pronunciation: [mɔlsɛm]; also [mɔlsajm] ⓘ) is a commune and a subprefecture in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The total population in 2017 was 9,312. Molsheim had been a very fast-growing city between the French censuses of 1968 and 1999, passing from 5,739 to 9,335 inhabitants, but this increase came to a noticeable halt since. The urban unit of Molsheim had 26,925 inhabitants in 2017, from 16,888 in 1968. Molsheim is part of the metropolitan area of Strasbourg.
Bethlehem Abbey, Bonheiden
Bethlehem Abbey in the village of Bonheiden, Belgium, is a house of Benedictine nuns of the Subiaco Cassinese Congregation. The monastery was built in 1965 as a Redemptorist house but was transferred to the Benedictines in 1975.

The community formerly ran a publishing imprint which produced Dutch translations of the writings of Basil of Caesarea and Athanasius of Alexandria.

Since 30 May 2015 the Benedictines have shared the monastery buildings with a lay community (the Moriya Community).

Bonheiden
Bonheiden (Dutch pronunciation: [bɔnˈɦɛidə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the towns of Bonheiden proper and Rijmenam. In 2021, Bonheiden had a total population of 15,177. The total area is 29.27 km2 (11.30 sq mi).
Luis Negrón
Luis Negrón (born 1970 in Guayama, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican writer.

Negrón originally studied journalism, which he said taught him how to write and gave him confidence. He lives in Santurce, a barrio in San Juan, and works in a bookstore.

His debut short story collection, Mundo Cruel, was published in 2010 and has seen five printings in Spanish. The stories in the book focus on gay life in Santurce. An English translation by Suzanne Jill Levine was published by Seven Stories Press in 2013, and won the Lambda Literary Award for Gay Fiction at the 26th Lambda Literary Awards in 2014.

He was also coeditor, with David Caleb Acevedo and Moisés Agosto, of Los otros cuerpos, an anthology of writing by LGBT Puerto Ricans. As of 2014, Negrón was working a novel, memoir, and play.

David Caleb Acevedo
David Caleb Acevedo (now known as Eiric R. Durandal Stormcrow) is a Puerto Rican writer. He was born on July 13, 1980 in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

He grew up in the Christian of Jehovah's Witnesses ministries, and renounced it at age 14. Acevedo is openly gay.

He completed higher studies at the University of Puerto Rico in Humacao, Ponce and Río Piedras (Puerto Rico). He received his double Bachelor of Arts in Painting and Foreign Languages from the University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras.
Pileru Assembly constituency
Pileru Assembly constituency is a constituency in Annamayya district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Rajampet Lok Sabha constituency.

N. Kishore Kumar Reddy is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 223,586 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Annamayya district
Annamayya district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, formed in 2022 as part of the state’s administrative reorganisation. Madanapalle serves as the district’s administrative headquarters. Other major urban centres in the district include Pileru, Punganur, and Rayachoti, which function as other important hubs for administration, commerce, education, and regional connectivity.
Neil McManus
Neil McManus (born 1988) is an Irish hurler who plays as a centre-forward for the Antrim senior team.

Born in Cushendall, County Antrim, McManus first played competitive hurling during his school days at St MacNissi's College. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Antrim minor team, before later lining out with the under-21 side. He made his senior debut in the 2007 championship. McManus has been a key member of the team since then, and has won five Ulster medals and one Walsh Cup medal.

McManus has represented the Ulster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions. At club level he is a two-time Ulster medallist with Ruairí Óg. He has also won three championship medals. Notoriously associated with Gnasher McLongtooth embroiled in a scandal where McLongtooth fielded McManus in an under 14 camogie game.

Ulster Under-20 Hurling Championship
The Ulster U-21 Hurling Championship, or for sponsorship reasons the Erin Ulster Under-21 Hurling Championship, is an Under 21 hurling tournament between counties affiliated to Ulster. The winners of the Ulster championship go on to qualify for the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship. The most successful county to date are Antrim who have won the competition on 36 occasions.

The 2010 champions were Antrim who defeated Armagh by 0-21 to 0-16.
. Antrim had won the 2009 title by beating Derry.
In 2011, Antrim completed a three in a row of titles, beating Armagh.

Armagh, Cavan, Donegal, Fermanagh, Monaghan and Tyrone have never won an Under-21 hurling championship.
Night Songs (Cinderella album)
Night Songs is the debut studio album by American rock band Cinderella. It was released on June 9, 1986, by Mercury Records. Mercury issued the album worldwide, while Vertigo Records handled the album's release in the UK.

The album peaked at No. 3 on the US charts on February 7, 1987, and was certified double platinum for shipping 2 million copies. In May 1991, it was certified triple platinum, having shipped 3 million copies.

Leadoff single "Shake Me" failed to chart, but "Nobody's Fool" cracked the Top 20, reaching No. 13. Third single "Somebody Save Me" went to #66. On May 4, 1987, Cinderella filmed parts of their concert in Philadelphia. These live songs were, along with their three MTV videos, released on home video in August 1987 on Night Songs: The Videos.

Night Songs sold several million copies due to a combination of Cinderella's breakthrough single "Nobody's Fool", MTV airplay, and an opening slot on labelmates Bon Jovi's tour, in support of their album Slippery When Wet.

Mark Weiss
Mark Weiss is an American rock music photographer. His most widely recognized photographs capture the look and aesthetic of music and celebrity personalities of the 1980s. His work with publications such as Circus magazine and FACES helped establish Mark "Weissguy" Weiss as a name known for rock photography. He has photographed a wide range of acts including Ozzy Osbourne, Bon Jovi, the Rolling Stones, Kiss, Madonna and Wu Tang Clan.
Outline of information technology
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to information technology:

Information technology (IT) – microelectronics based combination of computing and telecommunications technology to treat information, including in the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information. It is defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA) as "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly toward software applications and computer hardware."

Master of Science in Information Technology
A Master of Science in Information Technology (abbreviated M.Sc.IT, MScIT or MSIT) is a master's degree in the field of information technology awarded by universities in many countries or a person holding such a degree. The MSIT degree is designed for those managing information technology, especially the information systems development process. The MSIT degree is functionally equivalent to a Master of Information Systems Management, which is one of several specialized master's degree programs recognized by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB).
One can become a software engineer and data scientist after completing an MSIT degree.