hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Juwel
The Juwel was a Belgian automobile manufactured from 1923 until 1927 in Waremme by Société des Automobiles Juwel.  Initial plans called for a mass-produced 1100 cc four cylinder tourer and two models were shown at the 1922 Brussels Motor Show.  Bodies offered included open 2 and 4 seat cars, a 3 seat sports cars, two door saloon and a light delivery van. Financial problems restricted the numbers made. A new range of cars were shown in 1924 now with overhead valve engines and front wheel brakes but production remained limited.

The company was reformed in 1927 as Usines Juwel in Herstal and a front wheel drive sports car, the TA-4 sold under the Astra marque, was produced with 1131 cc engine. The drive system was based on the one used in the French Tracta. The company closed in 1928.

Astra (1930 automobile)
The Astra was a Belgian car made by Automobiles Astra in 1930. It is considered a textbook example of car design piracy, as the 1100 cc S.C.A.P.-engined car that made its debut at the 1930 Brussels Motor Show was an almost exact copy of the Tracta. It never went into production, and the projected 6- and 8-cylinder versions were most likely never built.
Flag of the Organization of Turkic States
The flag of the Organization of Turkic States, formerly the flag of the Turkic Council, was adopted at its 2nd Summit, which took place in Bishkek on 23 August 2012 and officially raised on 12 October 2012.

The flag combines the symbols of the original four members: the light blue color of the flag of Kazakhstan, the sun of the flag of Kyrgyzstan, the star of the flag of Azerbaijan and the crescent of the Turkish flag.

On 6 November 2024, a new flag was proposed during Bishkek Summit. There are two proposed changes to the current flag. Proposed flag contains an eight-pointed Seljuk star, which is used in several emblems such as presidential standards of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, Ottoman State emblem. Second change is the straight sun beams to reflect the changes made to the Kyrgyz flag in 2023.

Flag of Turkmenistan
The national flag of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň baýdagy) features a white crescent and five stars representing the five regions of the country and the Five Pillars of Islam. Placed upon a green field is a symbolic representation of the country's famous carpet industry. It was introduced as the flag of Turkmenistan on 27 September 1992 to replace the Soviet-era flag. The modified version with a 2:3 ratio was adopted on 24 January 2001. State Flag and Constitution Day is celebrated on 18 May.
Geomorphological division of the Czech Republic
In terms of geomorphological division, the Czech Republic is a very diverse territory, located in the territory of four geomorphological provinces within four geomorphological subsystems. The Bohemian Massif within the sub-system of Hercynian Forest forms three quarters of the country. The southeastern and eastern part of the Czech territory belongs to the Western Carpathians within the Carpathian Mountains. The remaining two provinces, Western Pannonian Plain within the Pannonian Basin and North European Plain within the European Plain, cover only a small part of the Czech territory in the southeast and northeast.

The provinces are further subdivided into subprovinces, macroregions, mesoregions, microregions and areas. The generally accepted division of the relief of the Czech Republic into subprovinces, macroregions and mesoregions is given below.

European Plain
The European Plain or the Great European Plain is a plain in Europe and is a major feature of one of four major topographical units of Europe – the Central and Interior Lowlands. It is the largest mountain-free landform in Europe, although a number of highlands are identified within it.
Prospect Avenue station (IRT White Plains Road Line)
The Prospect Avenue station is a local station on the IRT White Plains Road Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Prospect and Westchester Avenues in the Longwood neighborhood of the Bronx, it is served by the 2 train at all times, and the 5 train at all times except late nights and rush hours in the peak direction.

Turnstile
A turnstile (also called a gateline, baffle gate, automated gate, turn gate in some regions) is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. A turnstile can be configured to enforce one-way human traffic. In addition, a turnstile can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, ticket, transit pass, security credential, or other method of payment or verification.  Modern turnstiles can incorporate biometrics, including retina scanning, fingerprints, and other individual human characteristics which can be scanned.

A turnstile can be used in the case of paid access (sometimes called a faregate or ticket barrier when used for this purpose), for example to access public transport, a pay toilet, or to restrict access to authorized people, for example in the lobby of an office building.
Ilienses
The Ilienses or Iolaes or Ilians or Iolai (Ancient Greek: Ἰολαεῖς or Ἰολάειοι or Ἰόλαοι or Ἰλιεῖς); later known as Diagesbes (Διαγησβεῖς) or Diagebres (Διαγηβρεῖς) were an ancient Nuragic people who lived during the Bronze and Iron Ages in central-southern Sardinia, as well as one of the three major groups among which the ancient Sardinians considered themselves divided (along with the Corsi and the Balares). After the Sicilian Wars began with the Punic invasion in the sixth century BC, part of them retreated to the mountainous interior of the island, from which they opposed the foreign rule for centuries.

Valentini (ancient people)
The Valentini were an ancient people of Sardinia, noted by Ptolemy (III, 3). They dwelt south of the Scapitani and the Siculensi and north of the Solcitani and the Noritani. Their chief city was Valentia (modern Nuragus).
2017 TCR Trophy Europe
The 2017 TCR Trophy Europe was the second holding of the TCR Trophy Europe, and the only one held as one-off event on 28–29 October in Adria International Raceway in Italy for drivers from the national and regional European TCR series.

TCR Europe Touring Car Series
The TCR Europe Touring Car Series is an annual touring car racing event that is held at various locations across Europe. The series is run in accordance with the TCR Touring Car regulations with production-based cars that are front-wheel drive and powered by 2.0-litre turbocharged engines.
Aero Synergie Papango
The Aero Synergie Papango (named for the New Zealand scaup, known in Māori as the papango) is a French ultralight aircraft that was produced by Sauper/ALMS and later by Aero Synergie. The aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction and as a ready-to-fly complete aircraft. It is no longer in production as of 2012.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
Assumption Place
Assumption Place is an office building in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. It is the headquarters of Assumption Life. It is tied for the title of tallest office building in New Brunswick with the Brunswick Square in Saint John, New Brunswick. The building has the most levels of any building in New Brunswick at 20. In 1970 the City of Moncton approved the building. At that time NBTel realized the building would be high enough to block radio signals coming from the 135 ft (41 m) tower they had at that time in downtown Moncton. This was the reason for the construction of the NBTel Tower, now called the Bell Aliant Tower.

Place Assomption should not be confused with the former Assomption Building at 236 St George Street, which was built in 1955. Today that particular structure is known as Maison Commerce House.

Bell Aliant Tower
Bell Aliant Tower, formerly known as Aliant Tower and NBTel Tower, is a 127-metre-high (417 ft) tower of reinforced concrete located in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.  It is used to provide directional radio services. It is the tallest structure in Moncton and the fifteenth tallest freestanding structure in Atlantic Canada.
Radical cyclization
Radical cyclization reactions are organic chemical transformations that yield cyclic products through radical intermediates. They usually proceed in three basic steps: selective radical generation, radical cyclization, and conversion of the cyclized radical to product.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Subdivision surface
In the field of 3D computer graphics, a subdivision surface (commonly shortened to SubD surface or Subsurf) is a curved surface represented by the specification of a coarser polygon mesh and produced by a recursive algorithmic method. The curved surface, the underlying inner mesh, can be calculated from the coarse mesh, known as the control cage or outer mesh, as the functional limit of an iterative process of subdividing each polygonal face into smaller faces that better approximate the final underlying curved surface. Less commonly, a simple algorithm is used to add geometry to a mesh by subdividing the faces into smaller ones without changing the overall shape or volume.

The opposite is reducing polygons or un-subdividing.

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Mina Loy
Mina Loy (born Mina Gertrude Löwy; 27 December 1882 – 25 September 1966) was a British artist, writer, poet, playwright, novelist, painter, designer of lamps, and bohemian. She was one of the last of the first-generation modernists to achieve posthumous recognition. Her poetry was admired by T. S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, William Carlos Williams, Basil Bunting, Gertrude Stein, Francis Picabia, and Yvor Winters, among others.

Walter Conrad Arensberg
Walter Conrad Arensberg (April 4, 1878 – January 29, 1954) was an American art collector, critic and poet. His father was part owner and president of a crucible steel company. He majored in English and philosophy at Harvard University. With his wife Louise (born as Mary Louise Stevens; 1879–1953), he collected art and supported artistic endeavors.
WQKR
WQKR (1270 AM, "Portland's Radio Station") is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits music format. Licensed to Portland, Tennessee, United States, the station is currently owned by Venture Broadcasting LLC and features programming from Citadel Media and Talk Radio Network.  Studios are located on Main Street with its transmitter located on Shady Park Road in Robertson County adjacent to Interstate 65.

Talk Radio Network
Talk Radio Network (TRN) was an independent radio producer and syndicator of news and talk radio programming headquartered in Central Point, Oregon. TRN consists of a number of associated companies, which have launched or re-built some of the United States' highest-ranked talk radio shows, including The Savage Nation, Coast to Coast AM,  and The Jerry Doyle Show. TRN was founded in 1993 and managed by CEO Mark Masters and his brother, David Masters, who was senior executive producer from 1999 thru 2017.

In 2007, Bear Stearns reported that TRN was the second-largest provider of nationally syndicated radio talk shows in the country, ahead of competitors ABC Radio and then-CBS-controlled Westwood One. The company thereafter went into decline amid contract disputes with its most successful talents and an ongoing feud with its satellite provider.

In December 2017, affiliate radio stations reported that Talk Radio Network's programming feed had ceased without notice.
1944 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1944 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 56th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 30 January 1944. The championship began on 30 April 1944 and ended on 22 October 1944.

St. Finbarr's were the defending champions.

On 22 October 1944, Glen Rovers won the championship following a 5–7 to 3–3 defeat of St. Finbarr's in the final. This was their 9th championship title overall and their first in three championship seasons.

1943 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1943 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 55th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 31 January 1943. The championship began on 4 April 1943 and ended on 7 November 1943.

St. Finbarr's were the defending champions.

On 7 November 1943, St. Finbarr's won the championship following a 7–09 to 1–01 defeat of Ballincollig in a replay of the final. This was their 12th championship title overall and their second title in succession.
Gothaer Waggonfabrik
Gothaer Waggonfabrik (German pronunciation: [ˈɡoːtaɐ̯ vaˈɡɔ̃faˌbʁiːk], lit. 'Gotha Wagon Factory') was a German manufacturer of rolling stock established in the late nineteenth century at Gotha. During the two world wars, the company expanded into aircraft building.

Gotha G.III
The Gotha G.III was a twin-engine pusher biplane heavy bomber used by the  Luftstreitkräfte (Imperial German Air Service) during World War I. It succeeded the G.II in production and differed primarily in powerplant and in armament details. The G.II's unreliable Mercedes D.IV was replaced by the new inline six-cylinder 190 kW (250 hp) Mercedes D.IVa engine. The G.III also had an extra 7.92 mm (0.312 in) machine gun firing through a ventral gun opening to protect the underside of the tail.
Peder Ohlsson
Major General Dennis Peder Dag Ohlsson (born 10 March 1962) is a retired officer in the Swedish Amphibious Corps. He currently serves in the Royal Court of Sweden as Chief of His Majesty's Military Staff.

Swedish Royal Jubilee Commemorative Medals
The Kingdom of Sweden has a long history of awarding royal commemorative insignia. The oldest is the medal awarded to the godparents of Crown Prince Gustav Adolf in 1778. The majority of these medals celebrate birthdays, jubilees, coronations, and weddings within the royal family of Sweden.

Royal commemorative medals are categorized in to Category C in the Swedish order of wear, meaning they are worn after the Royal Order of the Seraphim and all war decorations.
Hugh Mesibov
Hugh Mesibov (December 29, 1916 – March 25, 2016 ) was an American abstract expressionist artist who began his career as a federal artist for the Works Progress Administration during the Great Depression and later became a member of the 10th Street galleries and part of the New York School during the 1940s-60s. His work has elements of the mid-20th-century New York artistic experience such as Surrealist and Abstract Expressionist and figurative aspects across several media such as watercolor, oil, and acrylic as well as etchings, lithographs and monoprints. His work has received a global reputation and is included in many collections in the United States and worldwide.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Mount Lagado
Mount Lagado (66°0′S 63°15′W﻿ / ﻿66.000°S 63.250°W﻿ / -66.000; -63.250) is a mountain rising to about 1,200 metres (4,000 ft) on the south side of Leppard Glacier, west of Target Hill, on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land, Antarctica. In association with names from Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels grouped in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1988 after Lagado, the capital of the flying island of Laputa.

Target Hill
Target Hill (66°0′S 62°57′W﻿ / ﻿66.000°S 62.950°W﻿ / -66.000; -62.950) is a prominent hill which rises 1,010 m above the level of Larsen Ice Shelf. It stands 6 nautical miles (11 km) west of Mount Fritsche on the south flank of Leppard Glacier in eastern Graham Land. The hill was the most westerly point reached by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) survey party in 1955; it was visible to the party as a target upon which to steer from the summit of Richthofen Pass.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Target Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Into the Purgatory
Into the Purgatory is the twelfth studio album by power metal band Galneryus. It was released on 23 October 2019 via Warner Music Japan, coinciding with the 15th anniversary of their debut album The Flag of Punishment. The band described the album as "a highly free-form album that captures the band's accumulated experience over the past 15 years and the newness of their 16th year", as opposed to their usual concept albums like their previous two releases, Under the Force of Courage and Ultimate Sacrifice.

A music video was made for the song "The Followers". The band promoted the album and celebrated the 15th anniversary of their debut with the "GALNERYUS 15th Anniversary ~Radiance~ 'WAILING IN THE FLAMES OF PURGATORY' TOUR" tour that started on the day of the album's release. The setlist consisted on Into the Purgatory in its entirety followed by tracks throughout the band's history.

Ultimate Sacrifice
Ultimate Sacrifice is the eleventh studio album by power metal band Galneryus. It is their first album to feature drummer Fumiya, as well as their first under their new label Warner Music Japan. It was released on 27 September 2017.

It is a concept album that is a sequel to the band's previous album Under the Force of Courage. A music video was made for the album's 12-minute title track, albeit cut to just half of the song. The band promoted the album with the "JUST PRAY TO THE SKY Chapter II" tour that was documented in the live album JUST PLAY TO THE SKY ~WHAT COULD WE DO FOR YOU...?~.

In 2018, readers and professional musicians voted Ultimate Sacrifice the tenth best album in the history of hard rock and heavy metal in We Rock magazine's "Metal General Election".
54th New York State Legislature
The 54th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 4 to April 26, 1831, during the third year of Enos T. Throop's governorship, in Albany.

Orleans County, New York
Orleans County is a county in the western part of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,343. The county seat is Albion. The county received its name at the insistence of Nehemiah Ingersoll though historians are unsure how the name was selected. The two competing theories are that it was named to honor the French Royal House of Orleans or that it was to honor Andrew Jackson's victory in New Orleans.

Located on the south shore of Lake Ontario, Orleans County since the late 20th century has been considered part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Beddawi refugee camp
The Beddawi refugee camp (Arabic: مخيم البداوي) is a refugee camp in north Lebanon. Established in 1955, it is located near Beddawi in the high region which is in front of Tripoli city. The site, which is leased to UNRWA by the Lebanese state, is about 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi) in total. The camp's borders have not expanded over time, but its population has, and so it has grown vertically to accommodate increasing numbers of refugees.

Safsaf
Safsaf (Arabic: صفصاف Ṣafṣāf, "weeping willow") was a Palestinian village 9 kilometres northwest of Safed, present-day Israel. Its villagers fled to Lebanon after the Safsaf massacre in October 1948,  during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
Feelplus
Feelplus Inc. (株式会社フィールプラス Kabushiki gaisha Fiirupurasu) was a Japanese video game developer and a subsidiary of AQ Interactive. The studio was conceived by Microsoft Game Studios specifically to aid Mistwalker in video game development. It was founded by former UPL employees including Tsutomu Fujisawa as Scarab (スカラベ) on May 1, 1992. Former employees of Nautilus and Square Enix later joined in. By September 2002, Cavia (later to become AQ Interactive) bought the company. In May 2005, it became a fully owned subsidiary and Scarab changed its name to Feelplus Inc.

In August 2010, Feelplus Inc., Artoon and Cavia were absorbed into AQ Interactive.

Xbox Game Studios
Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Studios, Microsoft Game Studios, and Microsoft Games) is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, web-based portals, and other game consoles.

Xbox Game Studios, alongside ZeniMax Media and Activision Blizzard, are part of the Microsoft Gaming division led by Phil Spencer, who is chief executive officer of the division.