hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ladoga Karelia
Ladoga Karelia (Finnish: Laatokan Karjala, Swedish: Ladogakarelen, Russian: Ладожская Карелия, romanized: Ladožskaja Karelija, Карельское Приладожье, Karelskoje Priladožje or Северное Приладожье, Severnoje Priladožje) is a historical region of Karelia, currently largely in Russia. Today, the term refers to the part of the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation comprising the south-west part of the Republic, specifically Lakhdenpokhsky District, Pitkyarantsky District and Sortavala District. This region is on the northern littoral of Lake Ladoga, which borders Olonets Karelia to the East, Leningrad Oblast (Karelian Isthmus) to the south-west and the North Karelia region of Finland to the west.

Karelia
Karelia (/kəˈriːliə, kəˈriːljə/; Karelian and Finnish: Karjala [ˈkɑrjɑlɑ]; Livvi: Karjal; Russian: Каре́лия, romanized: Kareliya [kɐˈrʲelʲɪjə], historically Коре́ла, Korela [kɐˈrʲelʲə]; Swedish: Karelen [kɑˈreːlen]) is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Russia (including the Soviet era), Finland, and Sweden. It is divided between northwestern Russia (the federal subjects of the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast) and Finland (the regions of South Karelia, North Karelia, and the eastern portion of Kymenlaakso).
Lower East Side Preparatory High School
The Lower East Side Preparatory High School is an American public school serving students of grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 between the ages of 14 and 21. It is located at 145 Stanton Street, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 438 students and 37.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1. There were 290 students (66.2% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 1 (0.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Stanton Street
Stanton Street is a west-to-east street in the New York City borough of Manhattan, in the neighborhood of the Lower East Side. The street begins at the Bowery in the west and runs east to a dead end past Pitt Street, adjacent to Hamilton Fish Park. A shorter section of Stanton Street also exists east of Columbia Street; it was isolated from the remainder of the street in 1959 with the construction of the Gompers Houses and the Masaryk Towers.

Stanton Street largely carries a bike lane, a through lane, and a parking lane. It runs one block north of Rivington Street and one block south of Houston Street. The street is named after George Stanton, an associate of landowner James De Lancey.
Grassquit
Grassquits are small tropical birds currently placed in the tanager family, Thraupidae, although they had earlier been thought to be of the family Emberizidae.  They are common in the West Indies and in Central and South American countries around the Caribbean Sea.

Cuban grassquit (Phonipara canora)

Sooty grassquit (Asemospiza fuliginosa)

Dull-coloured grassquit (Asemospiza obscura)

Yellow-faced grassquit (Tiaris olivaceus)

Black-faced grassquit (Melanospiza bicolor)

Yellow-shouldered grassquit (Loxipasser anoxanthus)

Blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina)

Blue-black grassquit
The blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina) is a small Neotropical bird in the tanager family, Thraupidae. It is the only member of the genus Volatinia. It is a common and widespread bird that breeds from southern Mexico through Central America, and South America as far as northern Chile, Argentina, and Paraguay, and in Trinidad and Tobago. A male was also observed in Graham County, Arizona, on July 15 and July 17, 2023.

This species is sexually dimorphic; the male is glossy blue with some white under the wing. The female is brown above and pale buff with darker streaks below.
Lake Bathurst (New South Wales)
Lake Bathurst (Ngunnawal–Gundungurra language: Bundong) is a shallow lake located 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-east of Goulburn, New South Wales in Australia. It is also the name of a nearby locality in the Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn
Goulburn (/ɡoʊlbərn/ GOHL-bərn) is a regional city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, approximately 195 kilometres (121 mi) south-west of Sydney and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of Canberra. It was proclaimed as Australia's first inland city through letters patent by Queen Victoria in 1863. Goulburn had a population of 24,565 as of the 2021 census. Goulburn is the seat of Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn is a railhead on the Main Southern line, and regional health & government services centre, supporting the surrounding pastoral industry as well as being a stopover for travellers on the Hume Highway. It has a central historic park and many historic and listed buildings. It is also home to the monument the Big Merino, a sculpture that is the world's largest concrete sheep.
Grootfontein Air Force Base
The Grootfontein Air Force Base (IATA: GFY, ICAO: FYGF) is an air base of the Namibian Air Force in Grootfontein, a town in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. The air base is about 4 km (2 mi) south of the center of Grootfontein.

It was formerly an air base for the South African Air Force. It was also the headquarters of the Namibian Air Force until these were moved to Karibib Air Force Base in 2016.

The Grootfontein non-directional beacon (Ident: GF) and VOR-DME (Ident: GFV) are located on the field.

Otjozondjupa Region
Otjozondjupa is one of the fourteen regions of Namibia. Its capital is Otjiwarongo. The region further contains the municipalities of Okahandja and Grootfontein and the towns Okakarara and Otavi. As of 2020, Otjozondjupa had 97,945 registered voters.
Stonglandseidet
Stonglandseidet is a village in Senja Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village has a population (2001) of 225. The village is home to a grocery store, bank, nursing home, Stonglandet Church, and a public school.

The village is located at the southern end of the island of Senja on the isthmus connecting the main part of the island to the Stonglandet peninsula. It is located about 41 km (25 mi) northeast of the city of Harstad, across the Vågsfjorden. The village of Å is 8 km (5.0 mi) to the west, and the village of Vangsvik is 32 km (20 mi) to the northeast.

Vågsfjorden, Troms
Vågsfjorden (Norwegian) or Váhkvierddas (Northern Sami) is a fjord in the southern part of Troms county in Norway. The fjord is located between Norway's two largest islands, Hinnøya to the south and Senja to the north. The fjord connects to the Andfjorden and the Tranøyfjorden to the north, and to the Astafjorden and Tjeldsundet to the south. The smaller islands of Grytøya and Sandsøya lie on the western side of the fjord and the islands of Andørja and Rolla lie along the eastern side of the fjord.

The 46-kilometre (29 mi) long fjord flows through the municipalities of Harstad, Senja, Dyrøy, Ibestad, and Tjeldsund. The town of Harstad, on the fjord's western shore, is popularly known as Vågsfjordens perle (English: pearl of Vågsfjorden).
Logan Oxenham
Logan Jax Oxenham is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2023 Manitoba general election. He represents the district of Kirkfield Park as a member of the Manitoba New Democratic Party.

He previously ran in the district in the 2022 by-election, losing narrowly to Kevin Klein.

He is Canada's first transgender politician elected to either a provincial, territorial or federal elected office. Fellow New Democrat Uzoma Asagwara, elected in 2019, is non-binary and preceded him as the first non-cisgender MLA in Manitoba.

Prior to being elected, he was a juvenile correctional officer and counsellor at the Manitoba Youth Centre.

Kevin Klein (politician)
Kevin Elvis Klein (born Harold Kevin Rout Jr.) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada. A member of the Progressive Conservative Party, Klein has served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba and is a former City of Winnipeg councilor.
1967–68 St. Bonaventure Brown Indians men's basketball team
The 1967–68 St. Bonaventure Brown Indians men's basketball team represented St. Bonaventure University during the 1967–68 NCAA University Division men's basketball season. The Brown Indians were independent and not a member of a conference. They were led by seventh year head coach Larry Weise as well as 6′ 11″ center Bob Lanier, named a consensus second-team All-American as a sophomore. St. Bonaventure advanced to the NCAA tournament, and finished with a 23–2 record and No. 3 in the final rankings of both major polls.

Bob Lanier
Robert Jerry Lanier Jr. (September 10, 1948 – May 10, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played center for the Detroit Pistons and the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Lanier was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1992.

In 14 NBA seasons, Lanier played in eight NBA All-Star Games and was named Most Valuable Player of the 1974 game. His accomplishments came despite a long history with knee injuries. He had his No. 16 jersey retired by both the Pistons and the Bucks and his No. 31 jersey retired by St. Bonaventure University, for whom he played college basketball. After retiring from playing he was an assistant coach for the Golden State Warriors, and briefly served as their interim head coach. He went on to work as an NBA Cares Global Ambassador.
Handen railway station
Handen is a station on Stockholm's commuter rail network, located 26 km from Stockholm Central Station on the Nynäs Line. The station consists of a single island platform with a ticket hall integrated into a pedestrian bridge connecting to a bus terminal. The station opened in its current location in 1973 and serves as a major transit hub for bus and rail traffic within Haninge Municipality. As of 2015, approximately 7,500 passengers boarded trains at Handen each weekday, while the entire terminal area saw about 13,400 daily boarding passengers.

Haninge Municipality
Haninge Municipality (Swedish: Haninge kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in Handen, a part of the Stockholm urban area.

Haninge Municipality was formed in 1971 when Västerhaninge and Österhaninge were united.

The municipal coat of arms depicts a capercaillie from which the name Haninge is believed to have been derived (the German word hahn means capercaillie), while the anchor symbolizes the naval base in the municipality. The German word usage is supposedly from the old German Hansa traders who operated in the area.
Norway–Poland relations
Norway–Poland relations are the diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Norway and the Republic of Poland. Both nations enjoy friendly relations, the importance of which centers on mutual historical relations and the fact that more than 100,000 Polish citizens live in Norway on a permanent basis, Poles make up 2.10% of the Norwegian population. Both nations are members of the Council of Europe, Council of the Baltic Sea States, NATO, OECD, OSCE, United Nations and the World Trade Organization.

Oflag XXI-C
Oflag XXI-C  was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp for officers (Offizierlager) located in Ostrzeszów in German-occupied Poland. It held mostly Norwegian officers arrested in 1942 and 1943, but also Dutch, Italian, Serbian and Soviet POWs. Originally most Norwegian soldiers and officers had been released after the end of the Norwegian campaign, but as resistance activities increased, the officers were rearrested and sent to POW camps.
ISO 12083
ISO 12083  is an international SGML standard for document interchange between authors and publishers. It features separate Document Type Definitions for books, serials, articles, and math. Derived from AAP DTD, it was first published in 1993, revised in 1994, and last confirmed in 2016.

Document type definition
A document type definition (DTD) is a specification file that contains a set of markup declarations that define a document type for an SGML-family markup language (GML, SGML, XML, HTML). The DTD specification file can be used to validate documents.

A DTD defines the valid building blocks of an XML document. It defines the document structure with a list of validated elements and attributes. A DTD can be declared inline inside an XML document, or as an external reference.

A namespace-aware version of DTDs is being developed as Part 9 of ISO DSDL. DTDs persist in applications that need special publishing characters, such as the XML and HTML Character Entity References, which derive from larger sets defined as part of the ISO SGML standard effort. XML uses a subset of SGML DTD.

As of 2009, newer XML namespace-aware schema languages (such as W3C XML Schema and ISO RELAX NG) have largely superseded DTDs as a better way to validate XML structure.
Network entropy
In network science,  the network entropy is a disorder measure derived from information theory to describe the level of randomness and the amount of information encoded in a graph. It is a relevant metric to quantitatively characterize real complex networks and can also be used to quantify network complexity

Network complexity
Network complexity is the number of nodes and alternative paths that exist within a computer network, as well as the variety of communication media, communications equipment, protocols, and hardware and software platforms found in the network.

Simple network: A small LAN with no alternative paths, a single communication protocol, and identical hardware and software platforms across nodes would be classified as a simple network.

Complex network: An enterprise-wide network that uses multiple communication media and communication protocols to interconnect geographically distributed networks with dissimilar hardware and software platforms would be classified as a complex network.
Jonas Kazlauskas
Jonas Kazlauskas (born 21 November 1954) is a Lithuanian professional basketball coach and former player. He was most recently the head coach of the Guangdong Southern Tigers in the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA).

2005 FIBA Asia Championship
The 2005 FIBA Asia Championship was the men's basketball qualifying tournament for FIBA Asia at the 2006 FIBA World Championship in Japan.

In order to qualify for the tournament, teams would have to go through regional qualifier competitions. At the main tournament, three nations qualified for the world championships including China, Lebanon and the host country, Qatar. China defeated Lebanon in the championship game, 77–61; and Qatar defeated Korea, 89–77.
Tudun Wada (Kaduna State)
Tudun WadaListenⓘ is a suburb in Kaduna South Local Government Area located in the city of Kaduna, the capital of Kaduna State in Northern Nigeria, Nigeria. The postal code of the area is 800. Tudun Wada is also a ward that is part of the Kaduna South local government.

Kaduna
Kaduna Listenⓘ is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.

The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.
National Esperanto Library and Archive
The Esperanto National Library and Archive is the biggest Esperanto library in Italy; it is located in Massa, in northern Tuscany.

Founded in 1972 as the official library of the Federazione esperantista italiana, it is now a public collection, hosted by the State Archive in Massa and part of the REPROBI network of Italian libraries.

Massa, Tuscany
Massa  (Italian: [ˈmassa] ⓘ; Emilian: Masa) is a town and comune in Tuscany, central Italy, the administrative centre of the province of Massa and Carrara. It is located in the Frigido River Valley, near the Alpi Apuane, 5 km (3 mi) from the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Gumbaz, Srirangapatna
The Gumbaz at Ganjam Srirangapattana is an Islamic mausoleum located in centre of a beautiful landscaped gardens, holding the graves of Tipu Sultan (Western Side), his father Hyder Ali (Middle) and his mother Fakhr-Un-Nisa (Eastern Side). It was built by Tipu Sultan to house the graves of his parents. Tipu was buried here after his death in the Siege of Srirangapatna in 1799.

B. Lewis Rice
Benjamin Lewis Rice CIE (17 July 1837 – 10 July 1927), popularly known as B. L. Rice, was a British historian, archaeologist and educationist. He is known for his pioneering work in deciphering inscriptions, especially in Kannada, and in Sanskrit inscriptions in the Kingdom of Mysore and is eulogized as Shasanapitamaha (transl. Grandsire of Epigraphy) or Purathathva Pitamaha (transl. Grandsire of Archaeology) Rice's researches were published as the voluminous Epigraphia Carnatica which contains translations of about 9000 inscriptions he found in the Old Mysore area. Rice also compiled the much acclaimed Mysore Gazetteer which still remains the primary source of information for most places in Mysore and neighbouring Coorg. Rice served with distinction in the Mysore civil service and as first Director of the Mysore State Archaeology Department.
WBKS
WBKS (93.9 FM, "93.9 Kiss FM"), owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., is a radio station serving Lima, Ohio with a Top 40 (CHR) format. Its studios are located with WIMA, WIMT-FM, WZRX-FM, and WMLX-FM on West Market Street in Lima. Its transmitter is located between Kalida and Columbus Grove, its city of license, in southern Putnam County.

Lima, Ohio
Lima (/ˈlaɪmə/ LY-mə) is a city in Allen County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It had a population of 35,579 at the 2020 census. The city is located in northwest Ohio along Interstate 75, approximately 72 miles (116 km) north of Dayton, 78 miles (126 km) southwest of Toledo, and 63 mi (101 km) southeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Lima was founded in 1831. It is the principal city of the Lima metropolitan area, which had 102,000 residents in 2020 and is included in the Lima–Van Wert–Wapakoneta combined statistical area. The Lima Army Tank Plant, officially called the Joint Systems Manufacturing Center, was built in 1941 and is the sole producer of the M1 Abrams tank.
Loretta Yang
Loretta Hui-shan Yang or Yang Hui-shan (Chinese: 楊惠姍) is a Taiwanese film actress and contemporary glass artist.

She is a two-time winner of the Best Leading Actress award at the Golden Horse Awards and winner of the Best Actress prize at the Asia-Pacific Film Festival.

She graduated from Taiwan Women Providence University.

National Museum of Women in the Arts
The National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA), located in Washington, D.C., is "the first museum in the world solely dedicated" to championing women through the arts. NMWA was incorporated in 1981 by Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay. Since opening in 1987, the museum has acquired a collection of more than 6,000 works by more than 1,000 artists, ranging from the 16th century to today. The collection includes works by Mary Cassatt, Alma Woodsey Thomas, Élisabeth Louise Vigée-LeBrun, and Amy Sherald. NMWA also holds the only painting by Frida Kahlo in Washington, D.C., Self-Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky.

The museum occupies the old Masonic Temple, a building listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2021 the museum temporarily closed to undergo a $66 million transformative renovation. The museum reopened to the public on October 21, 2023.
Arroyo Formation
The Arroyo Formation, sometimes termed the Lower Clear Fork Formation, is a geologic formation in Texas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Kungurian stage of the Permian period. It is the lower-most portion of the Clear Fork Group, part of a series of fossiliferous Permian strata in the south-central United States known as the red beds.

Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. However, in most contexts, the term refers to siliciclastic mudstone, composed mostly of silicate minerals.

The NASA Curiosity rover has found deposits of mudstone on Mars that contain organic substances such as propane, benzene and toluene.
Sierra del Tigre
Sierra del Tigre is a mountain range in northeastern Sonora, Mexico at the northern region of the Sierra Madre Occidental. The region contains sky island mountain ranges, called the Madrean Sky Islands, some separated from the Sierra Madre Occidental proper, and occurring in the northeastern Sonoran Desert, and extreme west-northwestern Chihuahuan Desert. Many of the ranges occur in southeast Arizona.

The Sierra del Tigre mountain range lies south of the San Bernardino Valley (Arizona) south of the Chiricahua Mountains; also the Swisshelm, Pedrogosa, and Perilla Mountains. The range is southeast of Douglas, Arizona-Agua Prieta, Sonora.

Swisshelm Mountains
The Swisshelm Mountains are a small mountain range adjacent to the southwest corner of the Chiricahua Mountains of eastern Cochise County, Arizona. They are separated from the Pedrogosa Mountains to the southeast, the Chiricahuas to the northeast, and by Leslie Creek, bordering the south and east; the area is now notable for the Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge.

The mountain range is named for John Swisshelm, a miner, a local settler of the late 1800s.
1971 Alberta general election
The 1971 Alberta general election was the seventeenth general election held in the Province of Alberta, Canada on August 30, 1971, to elect seventy-five members of the Alberta Legislature to form the 17th Alberta Legislative Assembly.

The Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta led by Peter Lougheed won 49 of 75 seats with 46.4 per cent of the popular vote in the new legislature to form a majority government. Lougheed's Progressive Conservatives defeated the incumbent Social Credit Party led by Premier Harry Strom who won 25 seats with 41.1 per cent of the popular vote.

The 1971 election was the first of 12 consecutive election victories for the Progressive Conservatives. They would govern for 44 years from 1971 to 2015, the longest run in government at the provincial level in Canada. The election also marked the end of Social Credit's dynasty in the province; the Socreds had governed without interruption since 1935.

Ernest Manning
Ernest Charles Manning PC CC AOE (September 20, 1908 – February 19, 1996) was a Canadian politician and the eighth premier of Alberta between 1943 and 1968 for the Social Credit Party of Alberta. He served for 25 years, longer than any other premier in the province's history and the second longest-serving provincial premier in Canadian history (after George Henry Murray of Nova Scotia).

Manning's years as premier were defined by strong social conservatism and fiscal conservatism. He was also the only member of the Social Credit Party of Canada to sit in the Senate and, with the party shut out of the House of Commons in 1980, was its last representative in Parliament when he retired from the Senate in 1983.

Manning's son, Preston Manning, was the founder and leader of the Reform Party of Canada who served as the federal leader of the Official Opposition from 1997 to 2000.