hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Josiah Alexander
Josiah Bracken Canning Alexander (12 December 1826 – 17 October 1882) was an English first-class cricketer.

Alexander was born at Grosvenor Square, Westminster, the son of East India Company officer Josias Alexander and Mary Bracken. In the mid-18th century, his family amassed enormous fortune and power through the East India Company. James Alexander was his uncle and Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon, his father's cousin.

He made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Gentlemen of Kent against the Gentlemen of England in 1853 at the St Lawrence Ground, Canterbury. In a match which the Gentlemen of England won by 7 wickets, Alexander batted twice, ending the Gentlemen of Kent first-innings not out on 2, while in their second-innings he opened the batting and was dismissed for a single run by Edward Drake.

He died in 1882 at Barton-upon-Irwell, Lancashire.

Edward Drake (cricketer)
Edward Tyrwhitt Drake (15 May 1832 – 20 June 1904) was an English clergyman and first-class cricketer who played for Cambridge University, the Gentlemen, England, the Marylebone Cricket Club and other amateur sides between 1853 and 1873. He and other members of his extended family are often recorded by the double-barrelled surname of "Tyrwhitt-Drake". He was born at Bucknell, near Bicester, Oxfordshire and died at Amersham, Buckinghamshire.
Thambeta
Thambeta is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Lymantriinae. Its only species, Thambeta haigi, is found in Nigeria. Both the genus and the species were first described by Cyril Leslie Collenette in 1953.

Lymantriinae
The Lymantriinae (formerly called the Lymantriidae) are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893.

Many of its component species are referred to as "tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections. Many tussock moth caterpillars have urticating hairs (often hidden among longer, softer hairs), which can cause painful reactions if they come into contact with skin.

The subfamily Lymantriinae includes about 350 known genera and over 2,500 known species found in every continent except Antarctica. They are particularly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and South America. One estimate lists 258 species in Madagascar alone. Apart from oceanic islands, notable places that do not host lymantriines include the Antilles and New Caledonia.
Asintado season 2
The second and final season  of Asintado, a Philippine drama television series, premiered on August 20, 2018, on ABS-CBN's Kapamilya Gold afternoon block and worldwide on The Filipino Channel. The series stars Julia Montes as Ana Dimasalang, a victim of Salvador del Mundo who is fighting back against him along with her sister, Samantha, and her close friends and family. The show features an ensemble cast consisting of Shaina Magdayao, Aljur Abrenica, Lorna Tolentino, Agot Isidro, Nonie Buencamino, Louise delos Reyes, and Desiree del Valle

Asintado
Asintado (transl. sharpshooter) is a 2018 Philippine television drama action series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Lino S. Cayetano, Trina N. Dayrit, Onat A. Diaz, Floy Allan P. Leonardo, Jerome C. Pobocan, Darnel Joy R. Villaflor, Jojo A. Saguin and Jon S. Villarin, it stars Julia Montes, Shaina Magdayao, Paulo Avelino and Aljur Abrenica. It aired on the network's Kapamilya Gold line up and worldwide on TFC from January 15 to October 5, 2018, replacing Pusong Ligaw and was replaced by Kadenang Ginto.
Numbered highways in the United States
Highways are split into at least four different types of systems in the United States: Interstate Highways, U.S. Highways, state highways, and county highways. Highways are generally organized by a route number or letter. These designations are generally displayed along the route by means of a highway shield. Each system has its own unique shield design that will allow quick identification to which system the route belongs.

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, test protocols, and guidelines that are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well.

Although AASHTO sets transportation standards and policy for the United States as a whole, AASHTO is not an agency of the federal government; rather it is an organization of the states themselves. Policies of AASHTO are not federal laws or policies, but rather are ways to coordinate state laws and policies in the field of transportation.
Three Rivers (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Three Rivers (Afrikaans: Drie Riviere) was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1929. It covered the Algoa Bay coast north of Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha), including the mouths of the Swartkops, Coega and Sundays rivers (hence the name of the seat). Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Al-Hurr ibn Yusuf
Al-Ḥurr ibn Yūsuf al-Qurashī al-Umawī (Arabic: الحر بن يوسف القرشي الأموي) (died 731) was an early eighth century Umayyad statesman. During the caliphate of his relative Hisham (r. 724–743) he served as a governor of Egypt (724–727) and was afterwards placed in charge of Mosul, where he remained until his death. He is known for having undertaken a number of large-scale building projects in Mosul, including some of the city's most significant developments completed during the Marwanid period.

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: هِشَام ابْن عَبْد الْمَلِك ٱبْن مَرْوَان, romanized: Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; c. 691 – 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743. His grandson Abd al-Rahman I (731 – 788) was the founder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba.
2011 Open GDF Suez Région Limousin
The 2011 Open GDF Suez Région Limousin was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 6th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Limoges, France between 17 and 23 October 2011.

Open de Limoges
The Open BLS de Limoges (formerly Open GDF Suez de Limoges, Open GDF Suez Région Limousin and Engie Open de Limoges) is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on indoor hardcourts. The event is currently classified as a WTA 125 tournament and has been held in Limoges, France since 2007. Until 2013, the tournament was held annually as one of the ITF Women's Circuit.
Ponceau 6R
Ponceau 6R, or Crystal ponceau 6R, Crystal scarlet, Brilliant crystal scarlet 6R, Acid Red 44, or C.I. 16250, is a red azo dye. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It was used as a food dye, formerly having E number E126. It is also used in histology, for staining fibrin with the MSB Trichrome stain. It usually comes as disodium salt.

Amaranth is a closely related azo dye, also usable in trichrome staining.

Azo dye
Azo dyes are organic compounds bearing the functional group R−N=N−R′, in which R and R′ are usually aryl and substituted aryl groups. They are a commercially important family of azo compounds, i.e. compounds containing the C−N=N−C linkage. Azo dyes are synthetic dyes and do not occur naturally. Most azo dyes contain only one azo group but there are some that contain two or three azo groups, called "diazo dyes" and "triazo dyes" respectively. Azo dyes comprise 60–70% of all dyes used in food and textile industries. Azo dyes are widely used to treat textiles,  leather articles, and some foods. Chemically related derivatives of azo dyes include azo pigments, which are insoluble in water and other solvents.
Bjerkestrand
Bjerkestrand is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Iver Bjerkestrand (born 1987), Norwegian alpine skier

Kjetil Bjerkestrand (born 1955), Norwegian musician, composer, arranger, and record producer

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Argyll and Bute Militia
The Argyll & Bute Militia was an auxiliary military unit in the west of Scotland from 1798 to 1909, serving in Home Defence during the French Revolutionary, Napoleonic, Crimean and Second Boer Wars. Originally an infantry regiment, it was converted into artillery in 1861. It was disbanded in 1909.

Southern Division, Royal Artillery
The Southern Division, Royal Artillery, was an administrative grouping of garrison units of the Royal Artillery, Artillery Militia and Artillery Volunteers within the British Army's Southern District from 1882 to 1902.
Pittsburgh Bureau of Emergency Medical Services
The Pittsburgh Bureau of Emergency Medical Services (PEMS) provides emergency medical services and medically directed rescue services for the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is a bureau of the Department of Public Safety (DPS), along with the Bureaus of Police, Administration, Fire, and Animal Care and Control. The department is responsible for 55.5 square miles (144 km2) with a population of 305,841 as of the 2013 Census estimation. The Bureau was founded in 1975 by the then current city administration, absorbing Freedom House Ambulance. In addition, the Bureau of EMS was one of the first EMS agencies in North America.

Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission
The Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission is an independent state agency responsible for the regulation of all fishing and boating in the state of Pennsylvania within the United States of America.  Unlike many U.S. states, Pennsylvania has a separate Game Commission.

Its mission is: to protect, conserve, and enhance the Commonwealth's aquatic resources and provide fishing and boating opportunities.
Agrarian reforms in Cuba
The agrarian reforms in Cuba sought to break up large landholdings and redistribute land to those peasants who worked it, to cooperatives, and the state. Laws relating to land reform were implemented in a series of laws passed between 1959 and 1963 after the Cuban Revolution. The Institutio Nacional de Reforma Agraria (INRA)—an agency of the Cuban government responsible to implement the first and second Agrarian Reforms. The agency adapted the Soviet model of organisation—small collectives (Asociación Nacional de Agricultures Pequeños) and large(er) state farms.

Attack on the Moncada Barracks
The Moncada Barracks were military barracks in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba named after General Guillermo Moncada, a hero of the Cuban War of Independence. On 26 July 1953, the barracks was the site of an armed attack by a small group of revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro. That day a simultaneous attack was carried out on the Carlos M. de Cespedes Barracks in Bayamo directed by Raúl Martínez Ararás by order of Castro. The attack failed and the surviving revolutionaries were imprisoned. This armed attack is widely accepted as the beginning of the Cuban Revolution. The date on which the attack took place, 26 July, was adopted by Castro as the name for his revolutionary movement, Movimiento 26 Julio (abbreviated as M-26-7), which eventually toppled the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista on 1 January 1959.
Media agency
Media agencies advise companies on how and where to advertise, and how to present a positive image of themselves to the public. Primary services include advertising, public relations and other forms of media management.

Media agencies were first launched with their main focus being the transaction of media space more efficiently than the mainstream advertising agencies, which had previously managed the process of media buying. A media agency ensures that a marketing message appeals to consumers, appears in the right place, at the right time and that the advertiser pays the best possible price.

There are cases, mainly within the large conglomerates, where both media and creative agencies are housed under one roof, however their P&L usually remains separate.

Media buying
Media buying refers to the procurement of advertising on media such as a television, newspapers, commercial radio, magazines, websites, mobile apps, over-the-top media services, out-of-home advertising etc. It also includes price negotiation and the appropriate placement of ads based on research to reach the right audiences considering the product, service and message being advertised. A media buyer is tasked to perform such activities.
Scouting and Guiding in Mali
Scouting and Guiding in Mali is served by two groups: the Association des Scouts et Guides du Mali, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement and the Guides et Scouts Catholiques du Mali, a UIGSE-inspired Roman Catholic organization.

Scouts du Mali
Scouts du Mali (Scouts of Mali) is one of several Scouting organizations in Mali. Scouting was started in then French Sudan in 1947, but disappeared in the 1960s. Activities were restarted in 1994. The association is apparently working toward World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) recognition. Mali is one of 29 countries where there is no National Scout Organization which is a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement at the present time.

The Scout emblem of the Scouts du Mali is unique in that it features the human effigy tribal figure, kanaga, that appeared on the original Malian independence flag adopted on April 4, 1959, when Mali joined the Mali Federation, but was removed on March 1, 1961 due to Islamic aniconism, the belief against depiction of human life.
Group status in German state parliaments
The following list provides an overview of the minimum requirements that must be met in the respective federal state for an association of members of the corresponding state parliament to receive the status of either a recognized parliamentary group (Fraktion), or a lesser group (Gruppe).

Parliamentary group (Germany)
A parliamentary group (German: Gruppe) in Germany is an association of several members of a parliament, especially in the Bundestag, whose number does not reach the minimum size of a fraktion. The rights of a group are usually limited compared to a parliamentary group, but the group has more rights than an Independent Member of Parliament.

Until March 2025, there were two groups in the German Bundestag, the Die Linke group with 28 members and the BSW group with ten members. Until 2024 there were two groups in the German state parliaments, the FDP group in Thuringia and the BVB/FW group in Brandenburg.

In Italy they are known as Gruppo.
Vančo Prke
Vančo Prke-Sermen (Macedonian: Ванчо Прке) (c.1921 – 13 of May 1943) was a Macedonian communist and partisan fighter during World War II. He is recognized as a People’s Hero of Yugoslavia for his contributions during the war.

Order of the People's Hero
The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero (Serbo-Croatian: Orden narodnog heroja / Oрден народног хероја; Slovene: Red narodnega heroja, Macedonian: Oрден на народен херој, romanized: Orden na naroden heroj) was a Yugoslav gallantry medal, the second highest military award, and third overall Yugoslav decoration. It was awarded to individuals, military units, political and other organisations who distinguished themselves by extraordinary heroic deeds during war and in peacetime. The recipients were thereafter known as People's Heroes of Yugoslavia or National Heroes of Yugoslavia. The vast majority was awarded to partisans for actions during the Second World War. A total of 1,322 awards were awarded in Yugoslavia, and 19 were awarded to foreigners.

In 1998, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia decided to award the Order of the People's Hero again and decorated several military units, but no individuals.
Peter Gillespie
Peter Gerard Gillespie (born 11 May 1974) is a Northern Irish former cricketer. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler, he had played for the Ireland cricket team 116 times up to the start of the 2007 World Cup, including twelve first-class matches and 35 List A matches, four of which were One Day International. Only three players have played more times for Ireland.

Friends Provident Trophy
The Friends Provident Trophy was a one-day cricket competition in the British Isles.

It was one of the four tournaments in which the eighteen first-class counties competed each season. They were joined by teams from Scotland and Ireland. Lancashire won the title a record seven times.

The competition was previously known as the Gillette Cup (1963–1980), the NatWest Trophy (1981–2000), and the C&G Trophy (2000–2006). For a short period following the 2006 season, the competition was known as the ECB One-Day Trophy because no sponsors were forthcoming when Cheltenham and Gloucester decided to end their association with the competition after the 2006 season. The tournament, along with the Pro40 forty-overs competition, was replaced by the ECB 40 competition from the 2010 season.
PIN (debit card)
PIN was a debit card brand in the Netherlands from 1990 until 2012, owned by Currence. PIN was a magnetic stripe card, which never migrated to the EMV chip. It was therefore discontinued in 2012, after the switch-over from magnetic stripe authentication to EMV chip authentication in the Netherlands was completed. PIN was replaced by Maestro and V Pay debit cards, but as most PIN cards were already co-branded with Maestro long before 2012, consumers noticed little of the change.

Like in many neighbouring countries, the PIN debit card often doubled as a cheque guarantee card for Eurocheque until those cheques were abolished on 1 January 2002. In contrast to its neighbouring countries (e.g. Belgium's Bancontact and Germany's Girocard), the Netherlands has not operated a national debit card network since 2012.

V Pay
V Pay is a Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) debit card for use in Europe, issued by Visa Europe. It uses the EMV chip and PIN system and can be co-branded with various national debit card schemes such as the German Girocard or Italy's PagoBancomat.
Brotulotaenia crassa
Brotulotaenia crassa, also known as violet cuskeel, violet cusk, or blue cusk eel, is a species of fish in the family Ophidiidae. It occurs in the central and northern Atlantic Ocean, southern Indian Ocean, and southwestern Pacific Ocean at depths of 250–800 m (820–2,620 ft)}. It is uncommon. It can grow to 86 cm (34 in) standard length.

Cusk-eel
The cusk-eel family, Ophidiidae, is a group of marine bony fishes in the Ophidiiformes order. The scientific name is from the Greek ophis meaning "snake", and refers to their eel-like appearance. True eels diverged from other ray-finned fish during the Jurassic, while cusk-eels are part of the Percomorpha clade, along with tuna, perch, seahorses, and others.

The oldest fossil cusk-eel is Ampheristus, a highly successful genus with numerous species that existed from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to the early Oligocene.
2022 Big Ten men's lacrosse tournament
The 2022 Big Ten Men's Lacrosse Tournament was held from Apr 30 to May 7. All six teams participated in the tournament while the top two teams in the regular season standings received first-round byes. The first round matches were held on the campus of the higher seed teams, and the semifinals and final matches were held at the Capital One Field at Maryland Stadium in College Park, Maryland. The tournament's winner received the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 2022 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship. The seeds were determined based on the teams' regular season conference record. Maryland won the tournament, beating Rutgers 15–7.

2022 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament
The 2022 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship was the 51st annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national championship for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's college lacrosse.

Eighteen teams competed in the tournament based upon their performance during the regular season. For ten teams, entry into the tournament was by means of a conference tournament automatic qualifier, while for the remaining eight teams at-large selection was determined by the NCAA selection committee.

After losing in the championship game the year prior, Maryland won their fourth NCAA-era national championship, capping off an undefeated season and becoming just the 14th undefeated national champion, and the first 18 and 0 team. In the national championship game against Cornell, the Terrapins led 9–2 in the latter stages of the third quarter before Cornell closed the game on a five-goal run. Maryland goalkeeper Logan McNaney made 17 saves.
2022 in Denmark
Events in the year 2022 in Denmark.

The year was dominated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Denmark took in Ukrainian refugees fleeing the invasion of their country. Danish government sent foreign aid to Ukraine, and condemned and sanctioned Russia for waging the war.

As the rest of Europe and in the world, Denmark continued to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and Deltacron hybrid variant, but much less so than in January 2020 and February 2022. The 2021–2023 inflation surge led to increased prices on many goods. 2022 Danish general election took place on 1 November.

Conservative People's Party (Denmark)
The Conservative People's Party (Danish: Det Konservative Folkeparti, DKF), also known as The Conservatives (De Konservative), is a centre-right political party in Denmark. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union and the European People's Party.
Puerto Rico Highway 153
Puerto Rico Highway 153 (PR-153) is a rural road that goes from Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico, to Coamo. This road extends from PR-1 in downtown Santa Isabel and ends at its junction with PR-14 and PR-138 near downtown Coamo.

Puerto Rico Highway 153 by municipality

Heading south in Coamo

Heading north in Santa Isabel barrio-pueblo

Puerto Rico Highway 14
Puerto Rico Highway 14 (PR-14) is a main highway connecting Ponce to Cayey, Puerto Rico. The road runs the same course as the historic Carretera Central. The Ponce-to-Coamo section of PR-14 was built under the direction of Spanish engineer Raimundo Camprubí Escudero (b. Pamplona 15 March 1846 – d. Madrid 1924).

Avenida Tito Castro (PR-14), Barrio Machuelo Abajo, Ponce, looking west (PR-14, near km 4.4)

PR-14 westbound at bridge over Río Bucaná on Avenida Tito Castro in Ponce approaching PR-10 (PR-14, near km 5.2)