hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meathop and Ulpha
Meathop and Ulpha is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Witherslack, Meathop and Ulpha, in the Westmorland and Furness district of the English county of Cumbria. Historically in Westmorland, it is located 3.6 miles (5.8 km) north east of Grange-over-Sands, 10.6 miles (17.1 km) south west of Kendal and 64.0 miles (103.0 km) south of Carlisle, between the confluence of the River Kent estuary and the River Winster. In 2001 it had a population of 143, increasing slightly to 154 at the Census 2011. It included the village of Meathop.

There were two Sites of Special Scientific Interest in the parish:

Meathop Moss is a raised peat-bog designated an SSSI for its biological interest. Leased by the Society for the Promotion of Nature Reserves in 1919, it now belongs to the Cumbria Wildlife Trust.

Meathop Woods and Quarry, which consists of woodland and a disused quarry on the side of a hill, has biological and geological interest.

Grange-over-Sands
Grange-over-Sands is a town and civil parish on the north side of Morecambe Bay in Cumbria, England, a few miles south of the Lake District National Park. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 4,114, increasing at the 2021 census to 4,279.
Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the town became administered as an urban district in 1894. Though the town remains part of the Duchy of Lancaster, since 2023 it has been administered as part of the Westmorland and Furness Council area.

Travelling by road, Grange-over-Sands is 13.1 miles (21.1 km) to the south of Kendal, 14.9 miles (24.0 km) to the east of Ulverston, 25 miles (40 km) to the east of Barrow-in-Furness and 28.1 miles (45.2 km) to the north of Lancaster.
Ovanåker Municipality
Ovanåker Municipality (Swedish: Ovanåkers kommun) is a municipality in Gävleborg County, east central Sweden. The municipal seat is located in Edsbyn.

The subdivision reform of 1952 saw the amalgamation of "old" Ovanåker with Voxna (both formed by the first local government acts of 1862). In 1977 Alfta (which 1974-1976 had been in Bollnäs Municipality) was added.

Bollnäs Municipality
Bollnäs Municipality (Swedish: Bollnäs kommun) is a municipality in Gävleborg County, east central Sweden. Its seat is located in Bollnäs.

The municipality evolved during a series of local government reforms in the 1950s and 1970s. It consists of six original entities and has its present shape since 1977.
Nummi, Uusimaa
Nummi (Swedish: Nummis) is a former municipality in the Uusimaa region of Finland. In 1981, Nummi merged with Pusula to form the municipality of Nummi-Pusula. In 2013, Nummi-Pusula in turn merged with the city of Lohja, and nowadays the Nummi village centre is the 103rd district of Lohja. Before the 1981 merger, the neighbouring municipalities of Nummi were Kiikala, Lohja, Pusula, Sammatti, Somero (until 1977, Somerniemi), Suomusjärvi and Vihti.

Kiikala
Kiikala (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkiːkɑlɑ]) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Salo on January 1, 2009.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality had a population of 1,872 (2004-12-31) and covered an area of 245.35 km2 of which 5.23 km² is water. The population density was 7.80 inhabitants per km².

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.
Weoley Castle
Weoley Castle (UK: /ˈwiːli/ WEE-lee) is a residential suburban district in south-west Birmingham, England. The area is part of the Weoley local authority electoral ward, and also comes under the Northfield local council constituency.  The suburb of Weoley Castle is bordered by Selly Oak to the east, Harborne to the north, Bartley Green to the west, and Weoley Hill and Shenley Fields to the south.

Bournville
Bournville (/ˈbɔːrnvɪl/) is a 19th century model village on the southwest side of Birmingham, England, founded by the Quaker Cadbury family for employees at its Cadbury's factory, and designed to be a "garden" (or "model") village where the sale of alcohol was forbidden. Historically in northern Worcestershire, it is also a ward within the council constituency of Selly Oak and home to the Bournville Centre for Visual Arts and the Cadbury's chocolate factory. Bournville is regarded as one of the most desirable areas to live in the United Kingdom; research by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation in 2003 found that it was "one of the nicest places to live in Britain".
FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2023
The 2023 FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships were held in Bakuriani, Georgia from 19 February to 4 March 2023. This marked the first ever snow sports World Championships to be contested in Georgia.

A total of 30 medal events were on the program, with 16 being contested in the freestyle and freeski disciplines and 14 in snowboarding.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships
The FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. It was first organized in 1986 and is now held every odd year. Currently, the disciplines included in the World Championships are Aerials, Moguls, Dual Moguls, Ski cross, Half-pipe, Slopestyle and Big air. Formerly, Acroski and a combined event were held.
Clan Little
Clan Little is a Scottish clan of the Borders. The clan does not currently have a chief and is therefore considered an armigerous clan. The Clan Little Society had a Guardian in place of a clan chief but, since his death in 2007, no suitable successor has appeared.

Scottish clan chief
The Scottish Gaelic word clann means children. In early times, and possibly even today, Scottish clan members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the clan, after whom the clan is named. The clan chief (ceannard cinnidh) is the representative of this founder, and represents the clan. In the Scottish clan system, a chief is greater than a chieftain (ceann-cinnidh), a designation applied to heads of branches of a clan. Scottish clans that no longer have a clan chief are referred to as armigerous clans.
Kumel Al-Rekabe
Kumel Saadi Latif Al-Rekabe (Arabic: كميل سعدي لطيف الركابي; born 19 August 2004) is a professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ariana in the Ettan. Born in Switzerland, he represents Iraq at international level.

Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held from 24 July to 9 August 2024. It was the 28th edition of the men's Olympic football tournament. Together with the women's competition, the 2024 Summer Olympics football tournament was held at seven stadiums in seven cities in France. Teams participating in the men's competition were restricted to under-23 players (born on or after 1 January 2001) with a maximum of three overage players allowed.

Brazil were the two-time defending champions, having won in 2016 and 2020, but did not qualify for this tournament.

Spain won their second gold medal and first since 1992, defeating hosts France 5–3 after extra time in the final, held at Parc des Princes in Paris.
Wintersheim
Wintersheim (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪntɐshaɪm]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Mainz-Bingen
Mainz-Bingen is a district (Kreis) in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts include Mainz, Alzey-Worms, Bad Kreuznach, and Rhein-Hunsrück in Rhineland-Palatinate and Rheingau-Taunus, Wiesbaden and Groß-Gerau in Hesse.
Lower Saxon Mill Road
The Lower Saxon Mill Road (German: Niedersächsische Mühlenstrasse) is a holiday route that guides visitors to watermills and windmills in the north German state of Lower Saxony and thus links the interests of historic monument conservation with those of the tourist industry.

Salzhausen
Salzhausen is a municipality in the district of Harburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 40 km southeast of Hamburg, and 15 km west of Lüneburg.

Salzhausen is also the seat of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Salzhausen.
Gmina Radziechowy-Wieprz
Gmina Radziechowy-Wieprz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Żywiec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Wieprz, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Żywiec and 70 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 65.94 square kilometres (25.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 13,105.

Żywiec County
Żywiec County (Polish: powiat żywiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Żywiec, which lies 64 kilometres (40 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The county covers an area of 1,039.96 square kilometres (401.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 152,877, out of which the population of Żywiec is 31,194 and the rural population is 121,683.

The county includes part of the protected area known as Żywiec Landscape Park.
Empress Hotel, Fitzroy North
The Empress Hotel(formerly the Empress of India Hotel) is a pub located at 714 Nicholson Street, in the inner Melbourne suburb of Fitzroy North. The Empress Hotel closed in December 2013, and reopened in its current form in early 2015.

Nicholson Street
Nicholson Street is a street in inner Melbourne. It is named after William Nicholson, who is remembered as the "father of the ballot".  He was also a member of the Legislative Council, and later became Premier of Victoria (from 1859-1860).
Derailed (2002 film)
Derailed is a 2002 American vigilante action film directed by Bob Misiorowski. It stars Jean-Claude Van Damme, Tomas Arana, Laura Harring, Jessica Bowman, and Van Damme's real life son Kris Van Varenberg. In the story, a secret agent (Van Damme) must escort a thief (Harring)—and the bioweapon she has stolen—from Slovakia to Germany, but the agent's unsuspecting family and a dangerous criminal (Arana) end up on the same train that they are on.

In the United States, Derailed premiered on home video on October 15, 2002, although it was given a theatrical release in some international markets. The film has received negative reviews.

Side collision
A side collision, also called a T-bone accident, is a vehicle crash where the side of one or more vehicles is impacted. These crashes typically occur at intersections, in parking lots, and when two vehicles pass on a multi-lane roadway.
Cycling at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's sprint
The men's sprint cycling event at the 1984 Summer Olympics took place from 31 July to 3 August and was one of eight cycling events at the 1984 Olympics. Once again, the limit on cyclists per nation was raised to 2 (it had been 1 from 1928 to 1956, 2 from 1960 to 1972, and 1 again in 1976 and 1980). The event was won by Mark Gorski of the United States, the nation's first victory in the men's sprint and first medal in the event since John Henry Lake took bronze in 1900. The final was all-American, as Nelson Vails took silver, becoming the first Olympic cycling medalist of African descent. Japan earned its first medal in the men's sprint with Tsutomu Sakamoto's bronze. France's five-Games podium streak in the event ended.

Cycling at the 1984 Summer Olympics
The cycling competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles consisted of three road cycling events and five track cycling events.  For the first time, women's cycling events were included in the Olympic program.  Also newly introduced in these Games was the men's points race event.
Manwath Road railway station
Manwath Road railway station is a main railway station in Parbhani district, Marathwada region of the Maharashtra. Its code is MVO. It serves Manwath village. It is administered by the Nanded Division of South Central Railway. The station consists of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.

The station lines on Kacheguda-Manmad rail route. It is 8 km from taluka headquarter Manwath.

Nanded railway division
Nanded railway division is one of the three railway divisions the jurisdiction of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 2003 and its headquarter is located at Nanded in the state of Maharashtra in India. Secunderabad railway division and Hyderabad railway division are the other railway divisions under SCR Zone headquartered at Secunderabad.
Wick's theorem
Wick's theorem is a method of reducing high-order derivatives to a combinatorics problem. It is named after Italian physicist  Gian Carlo Wick. It is used extensively in quantum field theory to reduce arbitrary products of creation and annihilation operators to sums of products of pairs of these operators. This allows for the use of Green's function methods, and consequently the use of Feynman diagrams in the field under study. A more general idea in probability theory is Isserlis' theorem.

In perturbative quantum field theory, Wick's theorem is used to quickly rewrite each time ordered summand in the Dyson series as a sum of normal ordered terms.  In the limit of asymptotically free ingoing and outgoing states, these terms correspond to Feynman diagrams.

Path-ordering
In theoretical physics, path-ordering is the procedure (or a meta-operator ) that orders a product of operators according to the value of a chosen parameter:

Here p is a permutation that orders the parameters by value:

For example:

In many fields of physics, the most common type of path-ordering is time-ordering, which is discussed in detail below.
David Knox (businessman)
David John Wissler Knox is an Australian oil and gas industry executive and former chief executive officer and managing director of Santos. Knox is originally from Edinburgh, Scotland and is considered to be one of South Australia's most influential people.

Australian Energy Producers
The Australian Energy Producers (AEP), formerly known as the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA), is a peak industry body representing Australia's oil and gas exploration and production sector. Founded in 1959, it is headquartered in Canberra, Australia. AEP's current CEO, Samantha McCulloch, previously was global head of carbon capture and storage at the International Energy Agency in Paris.
Path 62
Path 62 or the Eldorado – McCullough 500 kV Line is a short, 0.6-mile (1 km), 500 kV power line linking Los Angeles Department of Water and Power's (LADWP's) McCullough substation to Southern California Edison's (SCE's) Eldorado substation in the Eldorado – Marketplace – McCullough substation complex just south of Boulder City, Nevada. Path 62 is part of The Western Electricity Coordinating Council's links of electrical intertie paths in the western United States. Like Path 61, this short-yet-important 500 kV line allows for power flow to be rerouted on different 500 kV lines that make up the massive Path 46 transmission system when necessary. Power generated from Hoover Dam and other power plants in the southwestern United States is routed to this substation complex via many other 500 kV lines.

Path 61
Path 61 or the Lugo - Victorville 500 kV Line is a relatively short AC 500 kV power line that runs from Southern California Edison's (SCE) Lugo substation southwest of Hesperia to Los Angeles Department of Water and Power's (LADWP) Victorville substation north of Victorville, California.  Path 61 is part of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council's links of electrical intertie paths in the western United States. This line is an important connection between two out of the four parts that make up the massive Path 46 transmission system in southeast California since the line allows power flow to be rerouted on Path 46 when necessary. Half of the length of the 500 kV power line is owned by SCE to the south and LADWP to the north. The entire line is located in the Mojave Desert and the High Desert regions of California.
Rigodium
Rigodium is a genus of mosses. Species in this genus are usually epiphytic or terrestrial, generally growing in moist forests. Rigodium has a disjunct distribution in the Americas and Africa, and its center of diversity, where all species occur, is in the Andes of central Chile. The genus has been placed in several different families, such as the Brachytheciaceae, Thuidiaceae and Rigodiaceae but molecular phylogenetics work support its placement in the Lembophyllaceae. Rigodium implexum is notable for developing mossballs that carpet the forest floor. These consist in single, highly branched plants of 10–20 cm in diameter that are detached from the soil, and in Chile are known as lana del pobre (wool of the poor).

Lembophyllaceae
Lembophyllaceae is a family of pleurocarpous mosses in the order Hypnales. It was originally described by Finnish botanist Viktor Ferdinand Brotherus (1849–1929) in 1909. The family is mainly found in Australasia and southern South America.
G2 (mathematics)
In mathematics, G2 is three simple Lie groups (a complex form, a compact real form and a split real form), their Lie algebras  as well as some algebraic groups. They are the smallest of the five exceptional simple Lie groups. G2 has rank 2 and dimension 14. It has two fundamental representations, with dimension 7 and 14.

The compact form of G2 can be described as the automorphism group of the octonion algebra or, equivalently, as the subgroup of SO(7) that preserves any chosen particular vector in its 8-dimensional real spinor representation (a spin representation).

Leonard Eugene Dickson
Leonard Eugene Dickson (January 22, 1874 – January 17, 1954) was an American mathematician. He was one of the first American researchers in abstract algebra, in particular the theory of finite fields and classical groups, and is also remembered for a three-volume history of number theory, History of the Theory of Numbers. The L. E. Dickson instructorships at the University of Chicago Department of Mathematics are named after him.
Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
The Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes or Winter Battle of the Masurian Lakes, known in Germany as the Winter Battle in Masuria and in Russia as the Battle of Augustowo, was the northern part of the Central Powers' offensive on the Eastern Front in the winter of 1915 during World War I. The offensive was intended to advance beyond the Vistula River and potentially knock Russia out of the war. It was the last major battle fought on German soil during World War I.

Sergey Nelipovich
Sergey Gennadyevich Nelipovich (Russian: Сергей Геннадиевич Нелипович, born 5 April 1963) is a Russian historian specialising in the military history of Russia and international relations in the First World War. He is a candidate of Historical sciences and a senior researcher at the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of many monographs, articles and publications.
Chromosomal deletion syndrome
Chromosomal deletion syndromes result from deletion of parts of chromosomes. Depending on the location, size, and whom the deletion is inherited from, there are a few known different variations of chromosome deletions. Chromosomal deletion syndromes typically involve larger deletions that are visible using  karyotyping techniques. Smaller deletions result in Microdeletion syndrome, which are detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Examples of chromosomal deletion syndromes include 5p-Deletion (cri du chat syndrome), 4p-Deletion (Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome), Prader–Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome.

Angelman syndrome
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 15,000 individuals. AS impairs the function of the nervous system, producing symptoms such as severe intellectual disability, developmental disability, limited to no functional speech, balance and movement problems, seizures, hyperactivity, and sleep problems. Physical symptoms include a small head and a specific facial appearance. Additionally, those affected usually have a happy personality and have a particular interest in water. Angelman syndrome involves genes that have also been linked to 1–2% of autism spectrum disorder cases.
Silvestre Varela
Silvestre Manuel Gonçalves Varela (born 2 February 1985) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a winger.

He represented mainly Porto during his career, amassing Primeira Liga totals of 268 matches and 47 goals over 12 seasons and winning 11 major titles, including three national championships and the 2011 Europa League. He also competed professionally in Spain, England, Italy and Turkey.

Varela appeared for Portugal at Euro 2012 and the 2014 World Cup, scoring in both tournaments.

2009 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The 2009 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 31st edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The match was contested by the 2008–09 Primeira Liga winners, Porto and the 2008–09 Taça de Portugal runners-up, Paços de Ferreira, as Porto also won the Taça de Portugal in the same season.

The final took place at the Estádio Municipal de Aveiro in Aveiro on 9 August 2009. Porto participated in their 25th Supertaça final, their fourth consecutive final since 2006. Porto went into the match as the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira 15-time winners. Paços de Ferreira qualified for the competition for the first time in their history. Porto defeated Paços de Ferreira 2–0 with goals from Ernesto Farías and Bruno Alves. With this win, Porto raised their Supertaça tally to 16.
Fox on the Rhine
Fox on the Rhine is a 2000 alternate history novel written by Douglas Niles and Michael Dobson. It details a course of events over late 1944 that resulted from Adolf Hitler's death in the July 20 plot and from Field Marshal Erwin Rommel's survival of the crackdown.

Reichsführer-SS
Reichsführer-SS (German: [ˈʁaɪçsˌfyːʁɐ ˌʔɛsˈʔɛs] ⓘ, lit. 'Reich Leader-SS') was a special title and rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945 for the commander of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and it was the highest rank of the SS. The longest-serving and most noteworthy office holder was Heinrich Himmler.
Battle of Lake Huleh (1771)
In the Battle of Lake Huleh on 2 September 1771, the rebel forces of Daher al-Umar and Nasif al-Nassar routed the army of Uthman Pasha al-Kurji, the Ottoman governor of Damascus, at Lake Huleh in the eastern Galilee. Most of Uthman Pasha's 10,000-40,000 strong army drowned in the Jordan River as they attempted to flee Daher's forces commanded by his son Ali al-Daher. According to historian William Harris, the battle has been "mythologized in local historiography and poetry". Nonetheless, no official account of the battle by the Ottomans was recorded.

Damascus Eyalet
Damascus Eyalet (Arabic: إيالة دمشق; Ottoman Turkish: ایالت شام, romanized: Eyālet-i Šām) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was 51,900 square kilometres (20,020 sq mi). It became an eyalet after the Ottomans took it from the Mamluks following the 1516–1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War. Janbirdi al-Ghazali, a Mamluk traitor, was made the first beylerbey of Damascus. The Damascus Eyalet was one of the first Ottoman provinces to become a vilayet after an administrative reform in 1865, and by 1867 it had been reformed into the Syria Vilayet.