hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gombe State University
Gombe State University (GSU) is located in Tudun Wada, an area in Shamaki Ward, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria. It is located in the Northern part of Nigeria. It is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities. The state university has a chancellor and 11-members of the governing council, as well as principal officers and management staff. Abdullahi Mahadi was the first vice chancellor of the university.

Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems.

The external human body consists of a head, hair, neck, torso (which includes the thorax and abdomen), genitals, arms, hands, legs, and feet. The internal human body includes organs, teeth, bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels and blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph.

The study of the human body includes anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis, with safe levels of substances such as sugar, iron, and oxygen in the blood.

The body is studied by health professionals, physiologists, anatomists, and artists to assist them in their work.
Thomas Bavin
Sir Thomas Rainsford Bavin, KCMG, KC (5 May 1874 – 31 August 1941) was an Australian lawyer and politician who served as Premier of New South Wales from 1927 to 1930. He was born in New Zealand and arrived in Australia at the age of 15, where he studied law and became a barrister. He served as personal secretary to Australia's first two prime ministers, Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin. Bavin was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1917. He served two terms as Attorney General of New South Wales (1921, 1922–1925) before leading the Nationalist Party to victory at the 1927 state election, in a coalition with the Country Party. His predecessor Jack Lang and the Australian Labor Party (ALP) defeated his government after a single term at the 1930 state election.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Pembina Valley Region
The Pembina Valley /ˈpɛmbɪnə/ (French: Vallée-de-la-Pembina) is an informal geographic region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is named for its major geographical feature, the Pembina Valley, which runs through the southwestern part of the region.

The Pembina Valley had a population of 67,028 as of the Canada 2021 Census (Manitoba Census Areas 3 and 4). Its major service centres are the city of Winkler and the city of  Morden. Other important towns include Altona and Carman.

The major industries of the Pembina Valley are agriculture and manufacturing.

The region is also home to Pembina Valley Provincial Park.

Altona, Manitoba
Altona is a town in southern Manitoba, Canada, about 100 km south-west of Winnipeg and 158 km north of Grand Forks, North Dakota. The population at the 2021 Census was 4,390 residents. Old Altona was founded in 1880 by Plautdietsch-speaking Mennonites from the Russian Empire. It is surrounded by the Municipality of Rhineland. Much of the surrounding area is devoted to farming and agriculture-based business.
Melpomene brevipes
Melpomene brevipes is an extremely rare and possibly extinct species of fern in the family Polypodiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.  Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is estimated that there are less than 5 ferns, if they still exist.

Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genera and an estimated 1,650 species and is placed in the order Polypodiales, suborder Polypodiineae. A broader circumscription has also been used, in which the family includes other families kept separate in PPG I. Nearly all species are epiphytes, but some are terrestrial.
2020–21 Biathlon IBU Cup
The 2020–21 Biathlon IBU Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. IBU Cup was the second-rank competition in biathlon after the Biathlon World Cup. The season started on 14 January 2021 in Arber, Germany and ended on 14 March 2021 in Obertilliach, Austria. The defending overall champions from the 2019–20 Biathlon IBU Cup were Lucas Fratzscher from Germany and Elisabeth Högberg from Sweden.

2019–20 Biathlon IBU Cup
The 2019–20 Biathlon IBU Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. IBU Cup is the second-rank competition in biathlon after the Biathlon World Cup. The season started on 25 November 2019 in Sjusjøen, Norway and ended on 8 March 2020 in Minsk-Raubichi, Belarus. The defending overall champions from the 2018–19 Biathlon IBU Cup were Anton Babikov and Victoria Slivko from Russia.
Onne
Onne, also known as Onne-Eleme, is a town in Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria. The town is a host to one of the two prominent ports in Nigeria. It is bordered by the towns of Alode, Ebubu, and the Ngololo River, which is one of the tributaries of the Bonny River.

Bonny River
Bonny River is a river in Rivers State, Nigeria. Water taxis that move along the river provide the connection between Bonny Island and Port Harcourt, the capital of Rivers State, which lies alongside the river. It is also an arm of the Niger River delta. Shellfish such as prawns, periwinkle, and crabs found in Bonny rivers have been discovered to contain high metals. The major activities done in Bonny River is fishing and transportation of people and goods.
Newton Heath TMD
Newton Heath TMD is a traction maintenance depot in Newton Heath, Manchester, England, at the junction of the Calder Valley Line and the former Oldham Loop Line 2+1⁄4 mi (3.6 km) east of Manchester Victoria station.

Oldham Loop Line
The Oldham Loop Line was a suburban-line in Greater Manchester, England, used by trains that ran from Manchester Victoria to Rochdale via Oldham Mumps. Services on the line at the time of its closure were operated by Northern Rail.

The line closed on 3 October 2009 for conversion during 2009–2012 to light rail use for Metrolink services; the route now carries trams and is known as the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL).
Jonathan Weil
Jonathan Weil is an American journalist, analyst and attorney.  Born July 20, 1970, he grew up in Hollywood, Florida, and attended Pine Crest School in Fort Lauderdale. He earned a bachelor's degree in journalism from the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1991 and a juris doctor degree from Southern Methodist University in 1995.

Pine Crest School
Pine Crest School is a private preparatory school with campuses in Fort Lauderdale and Boca Raton, Florida. It was founded in Fort Lauderdale in 1934 by Mae McMillan, who also served as the school's first president. The Boca Raton campus, originally Boca Raton Academy, was absorbed by Pine Crest in 1991 and hosts students in pre-kindergarten through grade 8. The Fort Lauderdale campus hosts students in pre-kindergarten through grade 12.
Kun Khmer
Kun Khmer (Khmer: គុនខ្មែរ [kun kʰmae] lit. 'Khmer martial arts'), or Pradal Serey (Khmer: ប្រដាល់សេរី [prɑɗal seːrəj] lit. 'free boxing'), is a combat sport that originated in Cambodia. The sport consists of stand up striking and clinch fighting, where the objective is to knock an opponent out, force a technical knockout, or win a match by points. The sport was codified in Cambodia by the French colonial administration in the early 20th century, and was derived from centuries-old traditions, namely Bokator, the close-quarter combat system used during the Khmer empire. The official name of the sport in Khmer is Kbach Kun Pradal Khmer (Khmer: ក្បាច់គុនប្រដាល់ខ្មែរ [kʰɓac kun prɑɗal kʰmae] lit. 'Khmer martial art of boxing').

Boxing ring
A boxing ring, often referred to simply as a ring or the squared circle, is the space in which a boxing match occurs. A modern ring consists of a square raised platform with a post at each corner. Four ropes are attached to the posts and pulled parallel under tension with turnbuckles to form the boundary of the competition area. It also traditionally features a red corner for the higher ranked, more experienced, crowds favorite or home boxer and a blue corner for the lower ranked, less experienced or guest boxer.
1910 English cricket season
1910 was the twenty-first season of County Championship cricket in England. Kent won a second successive title. Norfolk won the Minor Counties Championship, defeating Berkshire in the final challenge match. There were no overseas tours to England during the season, the English team having toured South Africa over the 1909–10 winter. A tour to the West Indies also took place over the 1910–11 winter.

Norfolk County Cricket Club
Norfolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty National County Cricket Clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Norfolk.

The club is a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Championship, the NCCA Knockout Trophy and, since 2018, in the NCCA Twenty20 competition. Norfolk took part in limited overs competitions which included first-class counties between 1965 and 2004. The club's main home venue is Barker's Lane in Sprowston, on the northern edge of Norwich, although it has used other locations throughout the county.
Alliance of Young Latvians
Alliance of Young Latvians (Latvian: Apvienība Jaunlatvieši, AJ) is a Latvian political party founded on February 11, 2023. The party board includes former members of For Each and Every One (now Platform 21) Rūdolfs Brēmanis, Edgars Dārznieks and Artūrs Klēbahs. The party claims to stand for Latvian protectionism, a popularly elected president and reduction of bureaucracy and states that Latvia "must be independent from the East or the West". The party had one member of the Saeima, former member of For Stability! Glorija Grevcova.

Brēmanis, a former charge- d'affaires at the Latvian embassy in the United Arab Emirates, is the main suspect in case about a possible embezzlement scheme involving the service apartments of the foreign service. Public Broadcasting of Latvia also reported that Brēmanis might have engaged in the residency permits-for-investment business while still being in the diplomatic service.

For Stability!
For Stability! (Latvian: Stabilitātei!; ST!) is a Latvian political party founded on 26 February 2021. It was founded by former members of the Riga City Council Aleksejs Rosļikovs and Valērijs Petrovs. It is a party that advocates Russian minority politics, and it describes itself as centrist on the political spectrum.

The party organized multiple protests in 2021 against mandatory vaccination and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Jon Elmore
Jonathan Barrett Elmore (born December 20, 1995) is an American professional basketball player for the Stockton Kings of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Marshall Thundering Herd.

VMI Keydets basketball
The VMI Keydets basketball team represents the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia, in the sport of men's college basketball. They compete in the Southern Conference of the NCAA Division I. They have played their home games in Cameron Hall since 1981. VMI has played basketball since 1908, and had played in the Southern Conference (SoCon) until 2003, when they moved to the Big South. VMI rejoined the SoCon on July 1, 2014. They are coached by Andrew Wilson. The Keydets have appeared three times in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 1977; their tournament drought is the ninth longest in history.

Notably, VMI is one of only two Division I schools that do not sponsor women's basketball. The other is fellow Southern Conference member and senior military college: The Citadel.
Perlas Spikers
The Perlas Spikers, also earlier known as the BanKo Perlas Spikers, were a professional women's volleyball team playing in the Premier Volleyball League. The team was owned by the Beach Volleyball Republic.

2017 Premier Volleyball League Reinforced Conference
The 2017 Premier Volleyball League Reinforced Conference was the first conference of the Premier Volleyball League and the 2017 season. The conference started on April 30, 2017 and concluded on June 13, 2017. All elimination round games were played at the FilOil Flying V Centre in San Juan while the semifinals and Finals games were held at the PhilSports Arena in Pasig.

The women's tournament was supposed to feature the use of foreign reinforcements, however, they were initially unable to play due to difficulty in securing their international transfer certificates (ITC) from the FIVB. On May 17, 2017, Larong Volleyball sa Pilipinas, Inc. (LVPI) confirmed that the FIVB has approved the ITC requests for the imports. The imports began to play on May 18, 2017.
Interleukin 15
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL15 gene. IL-15 is an inflammatory cytokine with structural similarity to Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Like IL-2, IL-15 binds to and signals through a complex composed of IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta chain (CD122) and the common gamma chain (gamma-C, CD132).  IL-15 is secreted by mononuclear phagocytes (and some other cells) following infection by virus(es).  This cytokine induces the proliferation of natural killer cells, i.e. cells of the innate immune system whose principal role is to kill virally infected cells.

Interleukin 9
Interleukin 9, also known as IL-9, is a pleiotropic cytokine (cell signalling molecule) belonging to the group of interleukins. IL-9 is produced by variety of cells like mast cells, NKT cells, Th2, Th17, Treg, ILC2, and Th9 cells in different amounts. Among them, Th9 cells are regarded as the major CD4+ T cells that produce IL-9.
Macha Bollaram
Macha Bolarum or Machabollarum or Macha Bollaram is a major locality in Alwal circle of Secunderabad zone of Hyderabad, India. It comes under Alwal Mandal of Medchal-Malkajgiri district. It is 5 km far from Kompally, 2 km from Alwal, 10 km from Secunderabad railway station, 11km from Begumpet airport and 42 km from Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. It is administered as Ward No. 133 of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation.

Kompally
Kompally is a residential suburb in the Medchal-Malkajgiri district. It comes under the Dundigal mandal in the same district. It is one of the fastest growing residential areas around Hyderabad, and has many large residential layouts filled with ample greenery.
Bandeja paisa
Bandeja paisa (Spanish pronunciation: [banˌdexa ˈpai̯sa]; lit. 'Paisa platter'), with variations known as bandeja de arriero, bandeja montañera, and bandeja antioqueña, is one of the most representative meals in Colombian cuisine, especially of the Antioquia department and the Paisa region, as well as with the Colombian Coffee-Growers Axis (the departments of Caldas, Quindío and Risaralda, Tolima and Valle del Cauca). Paisa refers to a person from the Paisa region and bandeja is Spanish for platter.

The main characteristic of this dish is the generous amount and variety of food in a traditional bandeja paisa: red beans cooked with pork, white rice, carne molida (ground meat), chicharrón, fried egg, plantain (plátano maduro), chorizo, arepa, hogao sauce, black pudding (morcilla), avocado and lemon.
It is served in a platter or a tray.

Fried egg
A fried egg is a cooked dish made from one or more eggs which are removed from their shells and placed into a frying pan and cooked. They are traditionally eaten for breakfast or brunch in many countries but may also be served at other times of the day.
Culture of cosmetic surgery
Culture of cosmetic surgery is a set of attitudes and behavior regarding making changes to one's appearance via plastic surgery and its impact on various communities. World War I left thousands of soldiers with unprecedented levels of facial damage, creating a massive need for reconstructive surgery. Harold Gillies of New Zealand developed methods to restore function and structure to the faces of soldiers and these processes rapidly gained popularity. During the 1940s and 50s, personal appearance became more emphasized in the United States. As beauty standards changed, new products and techniques were developed to meet those demands. In more recent years, cosmetic plastic surgery prevalence has surged worldwide due to a variety of social and psychological factors.

Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. This kind of surgery focuses on restoring a body part or improving its function. In contrast, cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery focuses solely on improving the physical appearance of the body. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
Brunswick Park, Southwark
Brunswick Park is a 4-acre (1.6 ha) public park located in Camberwell, in South East London, and is managed by the London Borough of Southwark. Originally a private square, the park was opened to the public in 1907.

Camberwell
Camberwell (/ˈkæmbərwɛl/ KAM-bər-wel) is an area of South London, England, in the London Borough of Southwark, 2+3⁄4 miles (4.5 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross.

Camberwell was first a village associated with the church of St Giles and a common of which Goose Green is a remnant. This early parish included the neighbouring hamlets of Peckham, Dulwich, Nunhead, and part of Herne Hill (the rest of Herne Hill was in the parish of Lambeth). Until 1889, it was part of the county of Surrey. In 1900 the original parish became the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell.

In 1965, most of the Borough of Camberwell was merged into the London Borough of Southwark. To the west, part of both West Dulwich and Herne Hill come under the London Borough of Lambeth.

The place now known as Camberwell covers a much smaller area than the ancient parish, and it is bound on the north by Walworth; on the south by East Dulwich and Herne Hill; to the west by Kennington; and on the east by Peckham.
Pleterje, Krško
Pleterje (pronounced [ˈpleːtɛɾjɛ]) is a settlement in the hills northeast of the town of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Krško
Krško (pronounced [ˈkə́ɾʃkɔ] ⓘ; German: Gurkfeld) is a town in eastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the City Municipality of Krško. The town lies on the Sava River and on the northwest edge of the Krško Plain (Slovene: Krško polje), which is part of the larger Krka Flat (Slovene: Krška ravan). The area is divided between the traditional regions of Styria (territory on the left bank of the Sava) and Lower Carniola (territory on the right bank of the Sava). The entire municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Slovenia's only nuclear power plant, the Krško Nuclear Power Plant, lies southeast of the town.
North Aegean islands
37°48′00″N 23°27′00″E﻿ / ﻿37.8000°N 23.4500°E﻿ / 37.8000; 23.4500

The North Aegean islands are a number of scattered islands in the North Aegean Sea, also known as the Northeastern Aegean islands, belonging mostly to Greece and a few of them to Turkey. The islands do not form a physical chain or group, but are frequently grouped together for tourist or administrative purposes. To the south are the Dodecanese islands, and to the west are the Cyclades and Sporades islands.

Within this group, the main islands in the northeastern Aegean Sea and along the Turkish coast are the Greek islands of Samos, Ikaria, Chios, Lesbos, Lemnos, Agios Efstratios, Psara, Fournoi Korseon, Oinousses and the Turkish islands of Imbros, Tenedos and the Rabbit or Tavşan Islands. The main islands in the Thracian Sea in the far north are the Greek islands of Samothrace and Thasos.

Most are in the North Aegean administrative region.

Samothrace
Samothrace (Greek: Σαμοθράκη, romanized: Samothráki, pronounced [s̠amoˈθɾaci]) is a Greek island in the northern Aegean Sea. It is a municipality within the Evros regional unit of Thrace. The island is 17 km (11 mi) long, 178 km2 (69 sq mi) in size and has a population of 2,596 (2021 census). Its main industries are fishing and tourism. Resources on the island include granite and basalt. Samothrace is one of the most rugged Greek islands, with Mt Saos and its highest peak, Fengari, rising to 1,611 m (5,285 ft). The Winged Victory of Samothrace statue, which is now displayed at the Louvre in Paris, was found on the island.
Kimstad
Kimstad is a locality situated in Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with 1,510 inhabitants in 2010. On 12 September 2010, Kimstad became the scene of a railway accident when an X 2000 high-speed train collided with a crane utility vehicle. Kimstad lies around 20 kilometres southwest of Norrköping.

Norrköping
Norrköping (/ˈnɔːrʃəpɪŋ/ ⓘ NOR-shə-ping, Swedish: [ˈnɔ̂rːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Östergötland in eastern Sweden and the seat of Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland County, about 160 km (100 miles) southwest of the national capital Stockholm, 40 km (25 miles) east of county seat Linköping and 60 km (40 miles) west of the Södermanland capital of Nyköping. The city has a population of 98,229 inhabitants in 2023, out of a municipal total of 144,980, making it Sweden's eleventh largest city and tenth largest municipality.

The city is situated by the mouth of the river Motala ström, at Bråviken, an inlet of the Baltic Sea. Water power from the Motala ström and the good harbour were factors that facilitated the rapid growth of this once industrial city, known for its textile industry.
Economic stagnation
Economic stagnation is a prolonged period of slow economic growth, typically measured in terms of the GDP per capita growth, which is usually accompanied by high unemployment. Under some definitions, slow means significantly slower than potential growth as estimated by macroeconomists, even though the growth rate may be nominally higher than in other countries not experiencing economic stagnation.

Robert Ayres (scientist)
Robert Underwood Ayres (June 29, 1932 – October 23, 2023) was an American-born physicist and economist. His career focused on the application of physical ideas, especially the laws of thermodynamics, to economics; a long-standing pioneering interest in material flows and transformations (industrial ecology or industrial metabolism)—a concept which he originated. His most recent work challenged the widely held economic theory of growth.