hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beisfjord massacre
The Beisfjord massacre (Norwegian: Beisfjord-massakren) was a massacre on 18 July 1942 at Beisfjord Camp No. 1 (German: Lager I Beisfjord; Norwegian: Beisfjord fangeleir) in the village of Beisfjord in Narvik Municipality, Norway of 288 political prisoners. The massacre had been ordered a few days earlier by Josef Terboven, the Reichskommissar for Nazi-occupied Norway.

Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps.
Microsphaeropsis caloplacae
Microsphaeropsis caloplacae is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-eating) fungus in the family Didymosphaeriaceae. It is only known to occur in a single locality along the Kızılırmak River in Turkey, where it grows parasitically on the crustose lichen Caloplaca persica.

Didymosphaeriaceae
The Didymosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. The family was erected by Anders Munk in 1953.

Taxa have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are saprobic in both woody and herbaceous plants. Some species are parasitic on other fungi. The validity of the family as a distinct taxonomic unit was questioned in a 2014 publication that suggested that the genera Appendispora, Phaeodothis, Roussoella, and Verruculina should be moved into other families.

The type genus is Didymosphaeria, circumscribed by Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel in 1870.
Department of Agriculture v. Moreno
Department of Agriculture v. Moreno, 413 U.S. 528 (1973), was a United States Supreme Court case that declared a provision of the Food Stamp Act denying food stamps to households of "unrelated persons" to be a violation of the U.S. Constitution. The Court held that provision to be irrelevant to the stated purpose of the statute and in violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment.

United States District Court for the District of Columbia
The United States District Court for the District of Columbia (in case citations, D.D.C.) is a federal district court in Washington, D.C. Along with the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii and the High Court of American Samoa, it also sometimes handles federal issues that arise in the territory of American Samoa, which has no local federal court or territorial court.

Appeals from the District Court are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, except for patent claims and claims against the United States federal government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit.

The United States Attorney for the District of Columbia is Jeanine Pirro.
J. V. Ramana Murthi
Jonnalagadda Venkata Ramana Murthi (Telugu: జె. వి. రమణమూర్తి; 20 May 1933 – 22 June 2016) was an Indian actor known for his works in Telugu cinema, and Telugu drama. Murthi made his film debut with K. B. Tilak's sociopolitical film M.L.A. in 1957. Subsequently, he starred in about one fifty feature films in a variety of roles, and has received the Nandi Natakotsavam Award for Life Achievement in theater and drama.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
William the Dictator
William — The Dictator is the 20th book of children's short stories in the Just William series by Richmal Crompton.

This book contains 10 stories. It was first published in 1938, and the first published versions are now rare collector's items.

Just William (book series)
The Just William series is a sequence of thirty-eight books written by English author Richmal Crompton. The books chronicle the adventures of the unruly schoolboy William Brown.

The books were published over a period of almost fifty years, between 1922 and 1970. Throughout the series, the protagonist remains at the same eleven years of age, despite each book being set in the era in which it was written. The first book was Just William, and often the entire series is named after this book. Each book, with the exception of the novel Just William's Luck, is a collection of short stories.

The series has spawned various television, film, theatre and radio adaptations. It also has a large fan following, with such groups as the Just William Society.
Johann Nepomuk Schelble
Johann Nepomuk Schelble (16 May 1789 – 6 August 1837), was a German conductor, composer, singer (tenor) and music teacher. Best known as the founding conductor of Cäcilienverein (the Choir of Saint Cecilia, known today as the Cäcilienchor Frankfurt), he also helped revive interest in the work of Johann Sebastian Bach.

Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis
Schwarzwald-Baar (German pronunciation: [ˌʃvaʁtsvaltˈbaːɐ̯]) is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Ortenaukreis, Rottweil, Tuttlingen, Constance, the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen, and the districts Waldshut, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Emmendingen.
RPC Londrina
RPC Londrina (channel 12) is a Brazilian television station licensed to Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, affiliated with TV Globo. The station is part of RPC and its signal covers 52 municipalities in the northeast of the state.

Londrina
Londrina (Portuguese pronunciation: [lõˈdɾĩnɐ], literally "from London") is a city located in the north of the state of Paraná, South Region, Brazil, and is 388 km (241 miles) away from the state capital, Curitiba. It is the second largest city in the state and fourth largest in the southern region of the country, with 555,965 inhabitants in the whole municipality (2022).

Londrina was originally explored by British settlers, and then officially established in 1930 by a small group of Italian, Japanese and German settlers. It rapidly became the commercial, political, and cultural centre of the state's northern pioneer zone. Its universities include the Universidade Estadual de Londrina (Londrina State University) and the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (Federal University of Technology – Paraná).
Ain Sokhna port
A port situated in Ain Sokhna, a region of Suez Governorate of Egypt. A major international gateway port for Egypt, the Persian Gulf and Asia, Ain Sokhna Port is located on the western coast of the Gulf of Suez, 43 km south of the city of Suez.

Covering an area of 22.3 km2 , it has a depth of 18 m. Due to abundant surrounding land, the port is fast becoming a major industrial hub serving international and domestic markets. Expansion plans include new container terminals; dry bulks and general cargo terminals; liquid bulk terminals; logistics, warehousing distribution centers; and a dry port.

Gulf of Suez
The Gulf of Suez (Arabic: خليج السويس, romanized: khalīǧ as-suwais; formerly بحر القلزم, baḥar al-qulzum, lit. "Sea of Calm") is a gulf at the northern end of the Red Sea, to the west of the Sinai Peninsula. Situated to the east of the Sinai Peninsula is the smaller Gulf of Aqaba. The gulf was formed within a relatively young but now inactive Gulf of Suez Rift rift basin, dating back about 26 million years. It stretches some 300 kilometres (190 mi) north by northwest, terminating at the Egyptian city of Suez and the entrance to the Suez Canal. Along the mid-line of the gulf is the boundary between Africa and Asia. The entrance of the gulf lies atop the mature Gemsa oil and gas field.
The gulf is considered one of the world's important maritime zones due to being an entrance to the Suez Canal.
Coroners Act 1887
The Coroners Act 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c. 71) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated for England and Wales enactments relating to coroners and repealed statutes from 1275 to 1882 which had ceased to be in force or had become necessary.

Reading (legislature)
A reading of a bill is a stage of debate on the bill held by a general body of a legislature.

In the Westminster system, developed in the United Kingdom, there are generally three readings of a bill as it passes through the stages of becoming, or failing to become, legislation. Some of these readings may be formalities rather than actual debate. Legislative bodies in the United States also have readings.

The procedure dates back to the centuries before literacy was widespread. Since many members of Parliament were illiterate, the Clerk of Parliament would read aloud a bill to inform members of its contents. By the end of the 16th century, it was practice to have the bill read on three occasions before it was passed.
Jaypee University of Information Technology
Jaypee University of Information Technology (JUIT) is a private university in Solan, Himachal Pradesh.
Established in 2002, Jaypee University of Information Technology is one of the four universities established by the Jaypee Group.

Jaypee Group
Jaiprakash Associates Limited, commonly known as Jaypee Group, is an Indian conglomerate (Now acquired by Adani Group subject to CCI approval) headquartered in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, with interests in engineering, construction, power, real estate, hospitality, IT, sports and education (non-profit). Facing claims of ₹57,185 crore from creditors, Allahabad bench of the National Company Law Tribunal admitted JAL for insolvency in 2024.
Woodarra, Western Australia
Woodarra, also once known as Darlot or Lake Darlot, is an abandoned town located between Leinster and Laverton in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia. The town is situated close to Lake Darlot.

Gold was discovered in the area in the 1890s, and following an influx of prospectors and miners the Lake Darlot progress association lobbied for the declaration of a townsite. Lots were surveyed in 1896 and the progress association asked for the town to be named Woodarra. The townsite was gazetted in 1898.

A bicycle postal service to and from Lawlers was established in 1895, this was later replaced with a mail run from Cue via Lawlers. In 1896 the mail run was again changed, this time from Mount Magnet via Lawlers; that lasted for six years.

The name is Aboriginal in origin and is the name of a granite rock formation located near the town's water supply.

Cue, Western Australia
Cue is a small town in the Mid West region of Western Australia, located 620 km north-east of Perth. At the 2016 census, Cue had a population of 178. Cue is administered through the Cue Shire Council, which has its chambers in the historic Gentlemans Club building. The current president is Ross Pigdon.  A Local Government Association biannual forum, better known as the "Cue Parliament" is held twice yearly in May and November.
Plovdiv derby
The Plovdiv derby (Bulgarian: Пловдивско дерби) is the derby in Bulgarian football between Botev Plovdiv and Lokomotiv Plovdiv. It is named after the city, where both clubs are located. The Plovdiv derby is considered to be the second fiercest rivalry in Bulgarian football, after the Eternal derby of Bulgarian football. The first match between Botev and Lokomotiv was held on 1 April 1951. Since then, it has been played almost regularly twice per season. Overall, Botev have more wins, having won 49 games, Lokomotiv have won 46, and 38 games ended in a draw.

Eternal derby of Bulgarian football
The Eternal derby of Bulgarian football or simply The Eternal derby (Bulgarian: Вечното дерби) is the name of the local derby football match between the two most popular and successful football clubs in Sofia and Bulgaria: Levski Sofia and CSKA Sofia. The dominant forces in Bulgarian football have won 26 and 31 national championship titles and 26 and 21 Bulgarian Cup titles, involved into 13 and 11 Doubles, respectively. The rivalry was chosen by COPA90 as the 2nd Maddest Derby in Eastern Europe.
Grey-cheeked fulvetta
The grey-cheeked fulvetta or Morrison's fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) is a bird in the family Leiothrichidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1863. The grey-cheeked fulvetta is part of a species complex and the nominate morrisonia is now restricted to endemic Taiwan birds, with David's fulvetta (Alcippe davidi), Huet's fulvetta (Alcippe hueti) and Yunnan fulvetta (Alcippe fratercula) now recognised as a separate species.

David's fulvetta
David's fulvetta (Alcippe davidi)   is a species in the family Leiothrichidae. It is distributed across Myanmar, Laos, mainland China, Vietnam, and Thailand. The conservation status of this species is assessed as Least Concern.

David's fulvetta  weighs approximately 15.3 grams, with a wing length of about 60.9 millimeters, a beak length of around 12.3 millimeters, a bill width of approximately 3 millimeters, a bill thickness of about 3.8 millimeters, tarsometatarsus length of around 19.2 millimeters, and a tail length of about 52.4 millimeters. David's fulvetta is a partially migratory bird that inhabits subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrublands, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. Its diet is omnivorous, with terrestrial invertebrates being its primary food source.
2019 Tiburon Challenger
The 2019 Tiburon Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tiburon, California, United States, between September 23 and September 29, 2019.

Tiburon Challenger
The Tiburon Challenger presented by Raymond James is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the Tiburon Peninsula Club in Tiburon, California, United States, since 2003.
Theta vacuum
In quantum field theory, the theta vacuum is the semi-classical vacuum state of non-abelian Yang–Mills theories specified by the vacuum angle θ that arises when the state is written as a superposition of an infinite set of topologically distinct vacuum states. The dynamical effects of the vacuum are captured in the Lagrangian formalism through the presence of a θ-term which in quantum chromodynamics leads to the fine tuning problem known as the strong CP problem. It was discovered in 1976 by Curtis Callan, Roger Dashen, and David Gross, and independently by Roman Jackiw and Claudio Rebbi.

Yang–Mills theory
Yang–Mills theory is a quantum field theory for nuclear binding devised by Chen Ning Yang and Robert Mills in 1953, as well as a generic term for the class of similar theories. The Yang–Mills theory is a gauge theory based on a special unitary group SU(n), or more generally any compact Lie group. A Yang–Mills theory seeks to describe the behavior of elementary particles using these non-abelian Lie groups and is at the core of the unification of the electromagnetic force and weak forces (i.e. U(1) × SU(2)) as well as quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force (based on SU(3)). Thus it forms the basis of the understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics.
2003 Southern Illinois Salukis football team
The 2003 Southern Illinois Salukis football team represented Southern Illinois University as a member of the Gateway Football Conference during the 2003 NCAA Division I-AA football season. They were led by third-year head coach Jerry Kill and played their home games at McAndrew Stadium in Carbondale, Illinois. The Salukis finished the season with a 10–2 record overall and a 6–1 record in conference play, making them conference co-champions with Northern Iowa. The team received an at-large bid to the Division I-AA playoffs, where they lost to Delaware in the first round. Southern Illinois was ranked No. 9 in The Sports Network's postseason ranking of FCS teams.

2003 Northern Iowa Panthers football team
The 2003 Northern Iowa Panthers football team represented the University of Northern Iowa as a member of the Gateway Football Conference during the 2003 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by third-year head coach Mark Farley, the Panthers compiled an overall record of 10–3 with a mark of 6–1 in conference play, winning the Gateway  title. Northern Iowa advanced to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where the Panthers beat Montana State in the first round before falling to eventual national champion Delaware in the quarterfinals. Northern Iowa played home games at the UNI-Dome in Cedar Falls, Iowa.
Benjamin Wolf Prerau
Benjamin Ze'ev Wolf ben Solomon of Prerau (Hebrew: בִּנְיָמִין זְאֵב וואָלף בֵּן שְׁלֹמֹה מִפְּרֵערוֹי, Binyamin Ze'ev Volf ben Shlomo mi-Preroi; fl. 18th–19th centuries) was a Moravian rabbi and writer.

Prerau published Jedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi's Bakashat ha-Memin, to which he added a Yiddish translation, a Hebrew commentary, and an introduction in which each word, as in the work itself, begins with the letter mem (Brünn, 1799). He was also the author of Sefer Ben Yemini, a supercommentary on Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Torah (Vienna, 1823). The book is introduced by haskamot from Rabbis Moses Sofer and Mordecai Benet, among others, the latter of whom describes how at the age of seventy Wolf wandered from village to village in Moravia collecting money to cover the expenses of publishing the work.

Abraham ibn Ezra
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra (Hebrew: ר׳ אַבְרָהָם בֶּן מֵאִיר אִבְּן עֶזְרָא, romanized: ʾAḇrāhām ben Mēʾir ʾibən ʾEzrāʾ, often abbreviated as ראב״ע; Arabic: إبراهيم المجيد ابن عزرا Ibrāhim al-Mājid ibn Ezra; also known as Abenezra or simply ibn Ezra, 1089 / 1092 – 27 January 1164 / 23 January 1167) was one of the most distinguished Jewish biblical commentators and philosophers of the Middle Ages. He was born in Tudela, Taifa of Zaragoza (now Navarre).
Sefton High School
Sefton High School is a government-funded co-educational dual modality partially academically selective and comprehensive secondary day school, located in Sefton, a suburb in western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Established in 1961, the school caters for approximately 1,100, students from Year 7 to Year 12 and is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education.

Selective school (New South Wales)
Selective schools in New South Wales, Australia are government high schools operated by the New South Wales Department of Education that accept their students based upon their academic merit.

Each year, approximately 15,000 Year 6 students across the state of New South Wales optionally undertake the Selective High School Placement Test to seek one of the 3,600 places offered for first-year entry into selective high schools. For Year 8 to Year 12 entry into selective schools, students do not take an external test, however they can apply directly to a school for entry. The application package is standard to all government selective schools, with internal selection committees considering applications each year during August or September.
2021 San Diego State Aztecs football team
The 2021 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Aztecs were led by head coach Brady Hoke in the second season of his second stint as head coach and played their home games at Dignity Health Sports Park in Carson, California. They competed as members of the West Division of the Mountain West Conference.

Carson, California
Carson is a city in the South Bay and Harbor regions of Los Angeles County, California, located 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown Los Angeles and approximately 14 miles (23 km) away from Los Angeles International Airport. It was incorporated on February 20, 1968. The city is locally known for its plurality of Filipino-Americans and immigrants. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 95,558.
Selenite sulfate
Selenite sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing both selenite (SeO32−) and sulfate (SO42−) anions.

They have transparent crystals that may be coloured by cations. Selenite sulfate minerals are known including pauladamsite and munakataite.

Selenite (ion)
Selenite refers to the anion with the chemical formula SeO2−3. It is the oxyanion of selenium. It is the selenium analog of the sulfite ion, SO2−3. Thus selenite is pyramidal and selenium is assigned oxidation state +4. Selenite also refers to compounds that contains this ion, for example sodium selenite Na2SeO3 which is a common source of selenite. Selenite also refers to the esters of selenous acid, for example dimethyl selenite (CH3)2SeO3.
KK Zadar
Košarkaški klub Zadar (English: Zadar Basketball Club), commonly referred to as KK Zadar or simply Zadar, is a men's professional basketball club based in Zadar, Croatia. The club is a founding member and shareholder of the Adriatic Basketball Association, and competes in the ABA League and the Croatian League.

Zadar is the place where Croatian basketball was born in 1930. Zadar's reputation has been of a basketball hotbed with a team that can capture trophies at any given moment. Zadar is also known for its fanatical die hard supporters, Tornado Zadar.

First Federal Basketball League
The First Federal Basketball League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna košarkaška liga) was the highest tier level men's professional club basketball competition in the former country of SFR Yugoslavia. Founded in 1945, and folded in 1992 (1991–92 Winer Broker YUBA League), it was run by the Basketball Federation of Yugoslavia. With a total of 16 European-wide trophy winners and 11 finalists, the Yugoslav First Basketball League was one of the strongest European national domestic basketball leagues of all time.

Although each of the former Yugoslav countries now have their own national domestic leagues, the six nations also now take part in the ABA League (commonly known as the Adriatic League), which was founded in 2001; and which is, the closest basketball league in existence today, that is similar to the former Yugoslav First Federal Basketball League.
Motol University Hospital
Motol University Hospital (Czech: Fakultní nemocnice v Motole) is a large teaching hospital in the Motol area of Prague. It is the largest medical facility in the Czech Republic and one of the largest in Europe. It is a major teaching base for students from the Second Faculty of Medicine, and also for some students from other faculties mainly the First Faculty of Medicine.  The nearby Nemocnice Motol metro station is named after it.

This hospital has 2,410 beds. 860,000 patients are treated a year as out-patients and 70,000 as in-patients. The hospital is served by almost 5,000 staff.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.