hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam.  It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. It is used in the petrochemical, polymer and battery industries as a solvent, exploiting its nonvolatility and ability to dissolve diverse materials (including polyvinylidene difluoride, PVDF). It has a strong dipole moment and hydrogen bonding due to its cis-amide conformation.: Fig. 5(b)

Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula HCON(CH3)2. Its structure is HC(=O)−N(−CH3)2. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Dimethylformamide is odorless, but technical-grade or degraded samples often have a fishy smell due to impurity of dimethylamine. Dimethylamine degradation impurities can be removed by sparging samples with an inert gas such as argon or by sonicating the samples under reduced pressure. As its name indicates, it is structurally related to formamide, having two methyl groups in the place of the two hydrogens. DMF is a polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent with a high boiling point. It facilitates reactions that follow polar mechanisms, such as SN2 reactions.
Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China
The Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China (Chinese: 中国文物古迹保护准则; pinyin: Zhōngguó wénwù gǔjī bǎohù zhǔnzé) is a conservation charter promulgated in 2000 by China ICOMOS with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration (NCHA Chinese: 国家文物局; pinyin: Guójiā wénwù jú). It provides a methodological approach to the conservation of cultural heritage sites in China.

Burra Charter
The Burra Charter is a document published by the Australian ICOMOS that defines the basic principles and procedures to be followed in the conservation of Australian heritage places. The Charter was first endorsed in 1979 as an Australian adaptation of the Venice Charter, but with the introduction of a new analytical conservation model of heritage assessment that recognised forms of cultural heritage beyond tangible and physical forms. The Charter was the first national heritage document to replace the Venice Charter as the basis of national heritage practice. The Charter has been revised on four occasions since 1979, and has been internationally influential in providing standard guidelines for heritage conservation practice.
28th César Awards
The 28th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best films of 2002 in France and took place on 22 February 2003 at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris. The ceremony was hosted by Géraldine Pailhas. The Pianist won the award for Best Film.

Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma
The Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (English: Academy of Cinema Arts and Techniques) is an organization that gives out the César Award. It was created in 1975, on the initiative of Georges Cravenne.
Swędzieniejewice
Swędzieniejewice (Polish pronunciation: [sfɛnd͡ʑɛɲɛjɛˈvit͡sɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zapolice, within Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Zapolice, 4 km (2 mi) south of Zduńska Wola, and 42 km (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zapolice, Zduńska Wola County
Zapolice [zapɔˈlit͡sɛ] is a village in Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Zapolice. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Zduńska Wola and 49 km (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Peter Fagg
Peter Fagg (January 14, 1837 – December 10, 1917) was an American law enforcement officer, retail clerk, debt collector, temperance lecturer, colporteur, and politician from Milwaukee and Madison, Wisconsin, who served a single term as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly's 2nd Milwaukee County district (the 2nd Ward of the City of Milwaukee). He was a member of the Reform Party, a short-lived coalition of Democrats, reform and Liberal Republicans, and Grangers formed in 1873 in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, which had secured the election for two years of William Robert Taylor as Governor of Wisconsin, as well as electing a number of state legislators, but failed to thrive.

Secretary of State of Wisconsin
The secretary of state of Wisconsin is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Wisconsin, and is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of governor of Wisconsin. Twenty-nine individuals have held the office of secretary of state, two of whom have held non-consecutive terms. The incumbent is Sarah Godlewski, who was appointed by Governor Tony Evers on March 17, 2023, to replace long-time Secretary of State Doug La Follette.
Danielle Cuttino
Danielle Cuttino (born June 22, 1996) is an American volleyball player who plays as an opposite hitter for the United States women's national volleyball team and American professional team LOVB Atlanta.

Minas Gerais Volleyball Championship
The Minas Gerais Volleyball Championship (Portuguese: Campeonato Mineiro de Voleibol) is the top level men's and women's volleyball competition in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first edition happened in 1934 and it has been disputed yearly, with some interruptions. The tournament was initially organized by the Minas Gerais Association of General Sports (AMEG) (Portuguese: Associação Mineira de Esportes Gerais). The Minas Gerais Volleyball Federation was founded in 1942, and has organized all editions since then.

The format and number of participating clubs has varied along the years, and differ between the men's and women's tournament. Though the championship concerns to volleyball teams from Minas Gerais, eventually teams from other states have competed. The 2014 edition has four participants on the men's competition and five on the women's competition. The current version is considered to be a preparation event for the Brazilian Men's and Women's Superleagues.
Bohemian Massif
The Bohemian Massif (Czech: Česká vysočina or Český masiv, German: Böhmische Masse or Böhmisches Massiv) is a geomorphological province in Central Europe. It is a large massif stretching over most of the Czech Republic, eastern Germany, southern Poland and northern Austria.

The massif encompasses a number of mittelgebirges and consists of crystalline rocks, which are older than the Permian (more than 300 million years old) and therefore deformed during the Variscan Orogeny.

Parts of the Sudetes within the Bohemian Massif, Giant Mountains in particular, stand out from the ordinary mittelgebirge pattern by having up to four distinct levels of altitudinal zonation, glacial cirques, small periglacial landforms and an elevation significantly above the timber line.

Geological Society of London
The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows.

Fellows are entitled to the postnominal FGS (Fellow of the Geological Society), over 2,000 of whom are Chartered Geologists (CGeol). The Society is a registered charity, no. 210161
. It is also a member of the Science Council, and is licensed to award Chartered Scientist to qualifying members.

The mission of the society is: "Making geologists acquainted with each other, stimulating their zeal, inducing them to adopt one nomenclature, facilitating the communication of new facts and ascertaining what is known in their science and what remains to be discovered".
Shelton Abbey Prison
Shelton Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Shelton) on the north bank of the Avoca near Arklow County Wicklow, is a penal institution operated by the Irish Prison Service (IPS).

Shelton Abbey was the ancestral seat of the Earls of Wicklow until 1951 when financial difficulties forced William Howard, 8th Earl of Wicklow to sell the estate to the Irish State.

Irish Prison Service
The Irish Prison Service (IPS) (Seírbhis Phríosuin na hÉireann) manages the day-to-day operation of prisons in Ireland. Political responsibility for the Ireland's prisons rests with the Minister for Justice, Home Affairs and Migration.
Reginald (bishop of the Isles)
Reginald (died c.1226) was an early thirteenth-century Bishop of the Isles. According to the Chronicle of Mann, he was related to the Crovan dynasty, the royal family of the Kingdom of the Isles. The chronicle specifically states that he was the son of a sister of Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles (died 1237).

Upon the death of Nicholas, Bishop of the Isles in 1217, two candidates vied for the vacant ecclesiastical position: Reginald and Nicholas de Meaux, Abbot of Furness. Although the monks of Furness Abbey had elected Nicholas de Meaux as Bishop of the Isles—as was their right—Nicholas received opposition from the ruling family of the Isles, and never occupied the see.

Bishop of the Isles
The Bishop of the Isles or Bishop of Sodor was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of the Isles (or Sodor), one of Scotland's thirteen medieval bishoprics. The bishopric, encompassing both the Hebrides and Mann, probably traces its origins as an ecclesiastical unity to the careers of Olaf, King of the Isles, and Bishop Wimund. Previously, there had been numerous bishoprics and recorded bishoprics include Kingarth, Iona, Skye and Mann. There were very likely numerous others.
Shunde Port
Shunde Port (Chinese: 顺德港) is a passenger port in Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China. It is located at the right side of Wusha Bridge (Chinese: 五沙大桥) in Daliang, Shunde. It provides daily passenger vessel service between Shunde and Hong Kong.

The port started service in 1998 when the passenger port of the nearby Rongqi Port was relocated there.

Daliang Subdistrict
Daliang Subdistrict (Chinese: 大良街道; pinyin: Dàliáng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China, located to the east of Shunde City. It is the seat of the Shunde municipal government. It has a resident population of 310,000 with its total area of 80 km2 (31 sq mi).
Jim Butterworth (politician)
Jim Butterworth was appointed Director of the Georgia Emergency Management Agency by Governor Nathan Deal in January 2015. Previously, Butterworth served as the adjutant general (TAG) of the Georgia National Guard.

State adjutant general
Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general, who is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia, and any state defense forces. This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces.
Advisory Committee on Vice-Regal Appointments
The Advisory Committee on Vice-Regal Appointments was established on 4 November 2012 to assist the government of Canada (the Crown-in-Council) with the appointment of the governor general of Canada, provincial lieutenant governors, and territorial commissioners. The committee was disbanded following the defeat of the Conservative Party of Canada, led by Stephen Harper, in the 2015 federal election and remains "dormant" under Harper's successor as prime minister, Justin Trudeau.

King-in-Council
The King-in-Council or the Queen-in-Council, depending on the gender of the reigning monarch, is a constitutional term in a number of states. In a general sense, it refers to the monarch exercising executive authority, usually in the form of approving orders, on the advice of the country's privy council or executive council.

In countries where the reigning monarch is represented by a viceroy, derivative terms are used instead, such as Governor in Council or Lieutenant Governor in Council.
Punadhirallu
Punadhirallu (English: Foundation Stones) is a 1979 Indian Telugu-language film directed by Rajkumar. It was the debut film of actor Chiranjeevi. It won the Nandi Award for Best Feature Film and Gokina Rama Rao won the Nandi Award for Best Actor. Chiranjeevi started his film career with Punadhirallu. However, his first released film was Pranam Khareedu. The film won three Nandi Awards.

Pranam Khareedu
Pranam Khareedu (transl. Cost of Life) is a 1978 Indian Telugu-language film directed by K. Vasu. It starred Jayasudha, Rao Gopal Rao, Chandra Mohan, Chiranjeevi, Mahasweta Ray, and Madhavi in a guest appearance. The film released on 22 September 1978. The film is based on a play written by C. S. Rao. It is the debut film for character actor Kota Srinivasa Rao. Chiranjeevi started his film career with Punadhirallu. However, his first released film was Pranam Khareedu.
Jikō-ji
Jikō-ji (持光寺) is a Buddhist temple in Onomichi, Hiroshima Prefecture, belonging to the Seizan Zenrin-ji of Jōdo-shū Buddhism. Its principal image is a seated image of Amida Nyōrai. The temple houses a National Treasure, an 1153 Heian Period hanging scroll of Fugen Enmei (Samantabhadra).

Statues of the Four Heavenly Kings of Jikō-ji, Takasago, Hyōgo, Japan.

Jikoku-ten (east)

Zōjō-ten (south)

Kōmoku-ten (west)

Tamon-ten (north)

Seizan
Seizan (西山; West Mountain) is a branch of Japanese Pure Land Buddhism (Jōdo-shū) that was founded by Hōnen's disciple, Shōkū (1177–1247), who often went by the name Seizan. The name derives from the western mountains of Kyoto where Shōkū often dwelt. Seizan Jōdo-shū emphasizes the single-minded recitation of the nembutsu (念仏, "Namu Amida Butsu") as the actualization of the non-duality of Amida Buddha and sentient beings, while also incorporating some influence of Tendai and Shingon Buddhism.

There currently three main sub-branches of the Seizan school, each with its own head temple: Seizan Jōdo-shū (Kōmyō-ji temple), Seizan Zenrin-ji-ha (Eikan-dō Zenrin-ji temple), and Seizan Fukakusa-ha (Seigan-ji temple).

Seizan teaching also influenced the Jōdo Shinshū school (through the Anjin Ketsujō Shō) and the Ji-shu sect (since Ippen studied with Seizan teachers and adopted their theory of non-duality).
Gmina Lubiszyn
Gmina Lubiszyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gorzów County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Lubiszyn, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) west of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The gmina covers an area of 205.3 square kilometres (79.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 6,830.

Gorzów County
Gorzów County (Polish: powiat gorzowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Gorzów Wielkopolski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Gorzów County are Kostrzyn nad Odrą, which lies 43 km (27 mi) west of Gorzów Wielkopolski, and Witnica, 25 km (16 mi) west of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The county covers an area of 1,213.32 square kilometres (468.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 71,669, out of which the population of Kostrzyn nad Odrą is 17,778, that of Witnica is 6,747, and the rural population is 47,144.
Waihirere
Waihirere is a settlement and rural area in the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It is located 16 kilometres inland from the coastal city of Gisborne.

The settlement is a stronghold for kapa haka, and is where prominent performer Louise Kingi grew up and learned her skills from elders.

The Rhythm and Vines music festival is located in nearby Waimata Valley.

Gisborne, New Zealand
Gisborne is a city in northeastern New Zealand and the largest settlement in the Gisborne District (or Gisborne Region). It has a population of 38,100 (June 2025). Gisborne District Council has its headquarters in the central city.
2010 Mordovia Cup
The 2010 Mordovia Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Saransk, Russia between 26 July and 1 August 2010.

Mordovia Cup
The Mordovia Cup is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Saransk, Russia, since 2003.
Sport in Iceland
Sports in Iceland are very popular. Popular sports include football, handball, athletics, basketball, chess, golf, volleyball, tennis, skiing, snowboarding, ice hockey, swimming, rock climbing, mountain climbing, horseback riding (specially on Icelandic horses), archery, strongman, powerlifting and crossfit. In some of those sports, namely football, handball, basketball and strongman, Iceland is extremely successful, considering its population. It manages to compete at comparable level with countries that have 10-200 times its population.

Iceland's most famous athlete comes from the world of football. Eiður Guðjohnsen has played in England's Premier League for Chelsea F.C. winning the league title and the Community Shield twice, as well as the League Cup once. He also played in La Liga for FC Barcelona, where he was part of the team that won the Treble of the league, Copa del Rey and the UEFA Champions League in the 2008–09 season.

Glíma
Glíma (anglicised as Glima / Icelandic Wrestling) is an Icelandic sport for combat and is categorised as Nordic folk wrestling. In the most common form of glima, players grip their opponent by the waist and attempt to throw them to the ground using technique rather than force. Other variants allow for more aggression.
Hired Guns: The Jagged Edge
Hired Guns: The Jagged Edge (Russian: Джаз: Работа по найму, romanized: Dzhaz: Rabota po naymu, lit. 'Jazz: Employment') is a turn-based tactics video game developed by GFI Russia and published by GFI / Russobit-M for Windows in October 2007. The game has been called a spiritual successor to the Jagged Alliance series.

Turn-based tactics
Turn-based tactics (TBT) is a sub-genre of strategy video games. They are turn-based simulations of operational warfare and military tactics in generally small-scale confrontations as opposed to more strategic considerations of turn-based strategy (TBS) games.  Turn-based tactical gameplay is characterized by the expectation of players to complete their tasks using only the combat forces provided to them in a generally realistic (or at least believable) manner.
2012 UCI Women's Road World Cup
The 2012 UCI Women's Road World Cup was the 15th edition of the UCI Women's Road World Cup. The calendar was to retain the same races as the 2011 edition, with the only change being the rescheduling of the Ronde van Drenthe to be the first race, until the GP Ciudad de Valladolid was cancelled for financial reasons. Annemiek van Vleuten was the defending champion.

Marianne Vos secured her fourth World Cup when she finished in third place at the Open de Suède Vårgårda, which gave her a sufficient points lead to ensure her victory regardless of the placings in the following week's final race, the Grand Prix de Plouay, which she also won.

UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.
Shadow Cabinet of Tony Leon
The Shadow Cabinet of Tony Leon was announced on 23 August 2000 and became the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the second democratic Parliament. It was formed as a joint multi-party opposition coalition under the aegis of the Democratic Alliance, which brought together the Democratic Party (DP, elected as the Official Opposition in 1999), the New National Party (NNP), and the smaller Federal Alliance (FA). Democratic Party leader Tony Leon, who led the shadow cabinet, said that the allied parties would no longer issue separate statements on parliamentary matters but would rely on the shadow ministers or spokespersons to speak on behalf of the Democratic Alliance. Leon announced a reshuffle in March 2001.

Democratic Party (South Africa)
The Democratic Party (DP; Afrikaans: Demokratiese Party) was a South African political party that was the forerunner of the Democratic Alliance. Although the Democratic Party name dates from 1989, the party existed under other labels throughout the apartheid years, when it was the Parliamentary opposition to the ruling National Party's policies.
Salem Cross Inn
The Salem Cross Inn is a restaurant on a working farm at 260 West Main Street (Massachusetts Route 9) in West Brookfield, Massachusetts.  It is located in the White Homestead, a c. 1740 Georgian style house built on the site of a c. 1707 house which now stands elsewhere on the property.  The property has been listed twice on the National Register of Historic Places, in 1975 and 1978.

West Brookfield, Massachusetts
West Brookfield is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 3,833 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Lucy Stone was born in West Brookfield, and George and Charles Merriam, the publishers of Webster's Dictionary, were raised there.
Vermilion people
The Vermilion were a tribe of the Native American Kickapoo, who migrated from the Great Lakes area and the mouth of the Wisconsin River to settle in Southern Illinois.   The Algonquian-speaking Kickapoo (from Kiwǐgapawa, 'he stands about,' Or 'he moves about, standing now here, now there') were part of the Central Algonquians, and closely allied with the Sauk and Meskwaki. They were first noted in French records about 1670.

This division was affiliated with the Illiniwek.  After the Illiniwek Confederacy was destroyed by northern tribes about 1765, the Kickapoo moved into their territory.  The eastern Kickapoo, who settled near the Vermilion River, a branch of the Wabash River, were called the Vermilion band. They inhabited the area until the early 19th century.

By the mid-18th century, some of the area previously inhabited by the Vermilion was taken over by the Piankashaw.

Piankeshaw
The Piankeshaw, Piankashaw or Pianguichia were members of the Miami tribe who lived apart from the rest of the Miami nation, therefore they were known as Peeyankihšiaki ("splitting off" from the others, Sing.: Peeyankihšia - "Piankeshaw Person"). When European settlers arrived in the region in the 1600s, the Piankeshaw lived in an area along the south central Wabash River that now includes western Indiana and Illinois. Their territory was to the north of Kickapoo (around Vincennes) and the south of the Wea (centered on Ouiatenon). They were closely allied with the Wea, another group of Miamis.  The Piankashaw were living along the Vermilion River in 1743.