hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centre d'Enseignement Français en Afghanistan
The Centre d'Enseignement Français en Afghanistan (CEFA) consists of two Franco-Afghan schools in the center of Kabul, Afghanistan, together educating around 6,000 Afghan students.

The National Public School is a school in Kabul, Afghanistan. It is the second oldest school (after Habibia High School) in Kabul, and is recognized as the most prestigious school in the country.

National Public School is a private school administered by the Afghan Ministry of Education, and is currently under the contract of AEFE, an educational agency of the French Foreign Ministry. The French Cultural Center (CCF) is also located inside the National Public School compound.

Habibia High School
Habibia High School (Dari: لیسه عالی حبیبیه) is a school in Kabul, Afghanistan which has educated many of the former and current Afghan elite, including former Presidents Ashraf Ghani, Hamid Karzai, Sibghatullah Mojaddedi, and Mohammad Najibullah, as well as musician Ahmad Zahir. It was founded by King Habibullah Khan in 1903 and is considered one of the oldest schools In Afghanistan. It is situated in Karteh Seh, a district in the south of the Afghan capital.

Over 18,000 students are studying in three different shifts. The undergraduate enrollment is approximately 2000 students.
Rob Zettler
Rob Zettler (born March 8, 1968) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and current assistant coach with the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League. He played 14 seasons in the NHL with the Minnesota North Stars, San Jose Sharks, Philadelphia Flyers, Toronto Maple Leafs, Nashville Predators and Washington Capitals.

Jon Cooper
Jonathan D. Cooper (born August 23, 1967) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach who is the head coach for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). Cooper's team won back-to-back Stanley Cup championships in 2020 and 2021 and he also reached the Stanley Cup Final in 2015 and 2022 as the Lightning head coach. He is the longest-tenured head coach in the NHL.
London High School (Ohio)
London High School (LHS) is a public high school in London, Ohio, United States.  It is the only high school in the London City School District. The school's athletic teams are known as the Red Raiders with school colors of red and white. LHS competes in the Ohio High School Athletic Association (OHSAA) as a member of the Central Buckeye Conference.

London, Ohio
London is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Ohio, United States.  Located about 25 miles (40 km) southwest of the Ohio capital of Columbus, London was established in 1811 to serve as the county seat. The population was 10,279 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Columbus metropolitan area.
Durham Constabulary
Durham Constabulary is the territorial police force responsible for policing the council areas of County Durham and Darlington in North East England. It does not cover all of the ceremonial or historic area of Durham, parts of which are covered by the neighbouring forces of Cleveland Police and Northumbria Police. The other neighbouring forces are Cumbria Constabulary to the west and North Yorkshire Police to the south.

As of September 2020, the force has 1,168 police officers, 129 special constables, and 131 police community support officers (PCSO).

Cumbria Constabulary
Cumbria Constabulary is the territorial police force in England covering the unitary authority areas of Cumberland and Westmorland and Furness in the ceremonial county of Cumbria. As of September 2017, the force had 1,108 police officers, 535 police staff, 93 police community support officers, and 86 special constables.

The force serves a population of 500,000 across an area of 2,634 square miles (6,820 km2).
There are significant areas of isolated and rural community, and the area has one of the smallest visible minority ethnic populations in the country at under 3.0%. Each year, the force's area, which incorporates the Lake District National Park, attracts over 23 million visitors from all over the world (46 times the local population). The area has 67 miles (108 km) of motorway and some 700 miles (1,100 km) of trunk and primary roads.

The chief constable is Darren Martland. The headquarters of the force are at Carleton Hall, Penrith.
Baso (village)
Baso is a village in Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is part of the nagari (settlement) of Tabek Panjang, in the kecamatan (sub-district) of Baso, located between the cities of Bukittinggi (15 km) and Payakumbuh.

Nagari (settlement)
A nagari is a historical Minangkabau geographic polity in West Sumatra (and formerly Negeri Sembilan in the Malay Peninsular west coast) comprising several matrilineal clans (suku). Since the independence of Indonesia in 1945 which covers the Sumatran Minang homelands, nagari has also lent itself as a modern semi-autonomous regional administrative unit.

From 1983-1999 the national government attempted to apply the Javanese desa village system to other ethnic groups throughout Indonesia, and in 1983 the traditional Minangkabau nagari village units were split into smaller jorong units, with some disruption to traditional nagari-centred social and cultural institutions. However following restoration of the role of the nagari in rural Minangkabau society after 1999 residence and employment in a nagari is still an aspect of social identity, just as residence in the smaller jorong, or membership of a clan.
Simon Martin (Mayanist)
Simon Martin (born c. 1969) is a British epigrapher, historian, writer, and Mayanist scholar. He is best known for his contributions to the study and decipherment of the Maya script, the writing system used by the pre-Columbian Maya civilisation of Mesoamerica. As one of the leading epigraphers active in contemporary Mayanist research, Martin has specialised in the study of the political interactions and dynastic histories of Classic-era Maya polities. Since 2003 Martin has held positions at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology where he is currently an Associate Curator and Keeper in the American Section, while teaching select courses as an Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania.

Mayanist
A Mayanist (Spanish: mayista) is a scholar specialising in research and study of the Mesoamerican pre-Columbian Maya civilisation. This discipline should not be confused with Mayanism, a collection of New Age beliefs about the ancient Maya.

Mayanists draw upon many inter-related disciplines including archaeology, linguistics, epigraphy, ethnology, history, photography/art, architecture, astronomy and ceramics.

The term Mayanist was coined by parallel with specialised fields studying other historical civilisations; see for example, Egyptologist (Ancient Egypt) and Assyriologist (Ancient Mesopotamia).  It has been in widespread use from the late 19th century onwards, particularly by those who have studied and contributed to the decipherment of Maya hieroglyphics, the complex and elaborate writing system which was developed by the ancient Maya.
George Herbert Palmer
George Herbert Palmer (March 9, 1842 – May 7, 1933) was an American scholar and author. He was a graduate, and then professor at Harvard University. He is also known for his published works, like the translation of The Odyssey (1884) and others about education and ethics, such as The New Education (1887) and  The Glory of the Imperfect (1898).

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Miss Universe Spain 2016
Miss Universe Spain 2016 was the fourth edition of the Miss Universe Spain beauty contest. It was held on December 5, 2016, at the Barceló Theater in the city of Madrid. Sofía del Prado, second runner-up of Miss Spain Universe 2015 and winner of Reina Hispanoamericana 2015, crowned Noelia Freire Benito as Miss Spain Universe 2016, which will represent Spain in the Miss Universe 2016 contest.

Miss Spain
The Miss Spain (Spanish: Miss España) is a national beauty pageant in Spain that selects Spanish representatives to compete in three of the big four major international beauty pageants: the Miss Universe, Miss World, and Miss International competitions.
Torin Francis
Torin Jamal Francis  (born June 26, 1983) is an American professional basketball player for La Union de Formosa of the Argentine Basketball League. He is 6 ft 10+3⁄4 in (2.102 m) tall and he plays at the center position. He has played professionally in Greece, Israel, Germany, Turkey, Belgium, and Italy.

Panellinios B.C.
Panellinios B.C. (Greek: Πανελλήνιος K.A.E.) or Panellinios Basket, full name Panellinios B.C. Athens, is a professional basketball club that is located in Athens, Greece. The club was founded in 1929.

The name Panellinios can be translated as Pan-Hellenic in English, and can be interpreted to mean "The Greek Nation". B.C. stands for basketball club. So the club's name can be interpreted to mean "The National Basketball Club". The Greek multi-sports club Panathinaikos A.O. was founded by Panellinios G.S. athletes. The club was previously owned by the Greek businessman Minos Kyriakou.
Ultrasurf
UltraSurf is a closed-source freeware Internet censorship circumvention product created by UltraReach Internet Corporation.  The software bypasses Internet censorship and firewalls using an HTTP proxy server, and employs encryption protocols for privacy.

The software was developed by two different groups of Falun Gong practitioners at the same time, one starting in the US in 2002 by expatriate Chinese. The software was designed as a means of allowing internet users to bypass the Great Firewall of China. In 2011, UltraReach claimed to have as many as 11 million users worldwide.

UltraSurf is proprietary software; critics in the open-source community have expressed concern about the software's closed-source nature and alleged security through obscurity design.

Proxy server
In computer networking, a proxy server is a server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting a resource and the server then providing that resource.

Instead of connecting directly to a server that can fulfill a request for a resource, such as a file or web page, the client directs the request to the proxy server, which evaluates the request and performs the required network transactions. This serves as a method to simplify or control the complexity of the request, or provide additional benefits such as load balancing, privacy, or security. Proxies were devised to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems. A proxy server thus functions on behalf of the client when requesting service, potentially masking the true origin of the request to the resource server.
Greater San Antonio
Greater San Antonio, officially designated San Antonio–New Braunfels, is an eight-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The metropolitan area straddles South Texas and Central Texas and is on the southwestern corner of the Texas Triangle. The official 2020 U.S. census showed the metropolitan area's population at 2,558,143—up from a reported 1,711,103 in 2000—making it the 24th largest metropolitan area in the United States. Downtown Austin and Downtown San Antonio are approximately 80 miles (129 km) apart, and both fall along the Interstate 35 corridor. This combined metropolitan region of San Antonio–Austin has approximately 5.1 million people.

San Antonio–New Braunfels is the third-largest metro area in Texas, after Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington and Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land.

Lackland Air Force Base
Lackland Air Force Base (IATA: SKF, ICAO: KSKF, FAA LID: SKF) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located in Bexar County, Texas, United States. The base is under the jurisdiction of the 802d Mission Support Group, Air Education and Training Command (AETC) and an enclave of the city of San Antonio. It is the only site for USAF and United States Space Force enlisted Basic Military Training (BMT).

Lackland AFB is part of Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA), an amalgamation of Fort Sam Houston, Randolph AFB and Lackland AFB, which were merged on 1 October 2010. JBSA was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the three facilities which were adjoining, but separate military installations, into a single joint base – one of 12 joint bases formed in the United States as a result of the law.
Merelaniite
Merelaniite is a mineral having the formula Mo4Pb4VSbS15.  It is a molybdenum-essential member of the cylindrite group.  The first and thus far only samples of merelaniite have been found in the Merelani Tanzanite Deposit, located in the Lelatema Mountains of Tanzania.

Cylindrite
Cylindrite is a sulfosalt mineral containing tin, lead, antimony and iron with formula: Pb3Sn4FeSb2S14. It forms triclinic pinacoidal crystals which often occur as tubes or cylinders which are in fact rolled sheets. It has a black to lead grey metallic colour with a Mohs hardness of 2 to 3 and a specific gravity of 5.4.

It was first discovered in the Santa Cruz mine, Oruro Department, Bolivia in 1893. The name arises from its curious cylindrical crystal which it forms almost uniquely among minerals.
Münstermaifeld
Münstermaifeld (German pronunciation: [ˌmʏnstɐˈmaɪfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in the district Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") of Maifeld. It is situated south-east of Mayen, a few kilometres from the Moselle river and Eltz Castle. The first (B.C.) residents of the region were Celts. The old church is based on a Roman castle-tower. After the Romans, the Franks (Charlemagne) arrived in the 9th century. In the Middle Ages (1277) Münstermaifeld received town privileges and was governed by the bishop of Trier. It is one of the oldest towns in Rhineland-Palatinate and, with its 3,400 citizens, one of the smallest.

Mayen
Mayen (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪən] ⓘ) is a town in the Mayen-Koblenz District of the Rhineland-Palatinate Federal State of Germany, in the eastern part of the Volcanic Eifel Region. As well as the main town, additional settlements include Alzheim, Kürrenberg, Hausen-Betzing, Hausen and Nitztal. Mayen is the administrative centre of the Vordereifel ‘Collective Municipality’, although it is not part of the municipality.
Baring baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for members of the Baring family, one in the Baronetage of Great Britain and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

The Baring baronetcy, of Larkbeer in the County of Devon, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 29 May 1793 for the influential banker Francis Baring. For more information on this creation, see Baron Northbrook.

The Baring baronetcy, of Nubia House in the parish of Northwood in Isle of Wight, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 4 February 1911 for the Liberal politician Godfrey Baring. He was the son of Lieutenant-General Charles Baring, son of Henry Bingham Baring, son of Henry Baring, third son of the first Baronet of the 1793 creation. Godfrey Baring was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas, the second Baronet. Sir Thomas was a Major in the Coldstream Guards. He died childless and was succeeded by his nephew John Francis, the third Baronet.

Henry Baring
Henry Baring (18 January 1777 – 13 April 1848) was a British banker and politician. He was the third son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, the founder of the family banking firm that grew into Barings Bank. His grandfather Johann Baring emigrated from Germany and established the family in England.
Josef František
Josef František DFM & Bar (7 October 1914 – 8 October 1940) was a Czech fighter pilot and Second World War fighter ace who flew for the air forces of Czechoslovakia, Poland, France, and the United Kingdom. He was the highest-scoring non-British Allied ace in the Battle of Britain, with 17 confirmed victories and one probable, all gained in a period of four weeks in September 1940.

František was a brilliant pilot and combatant but frequently breached air force discipline first in Czechoslovakia, in France and Britain. The RAF found it best to let him patrol alone, a role in which he was highly successful. He was killed in a crash in October 1940 in the final week of the Battle of Britain.

Cross of Valour (Poland)
The Cross of Valour (Polish: Krzyż Walecznych) is a Polish military decoration. It was introduced by the Council of National Defense on 11 August 1920. It is awarded to an individual who "has demonstrated deeds of valour and courage on the field of battle." It may be awarded to the same person up to four times. The medal is given only in wartime or shortly after.
Semi-Arianism
Semi-Arianism was a position regarding the relationship between God the Father and the Son of God, adopted by some 4th-century Christians. Though the doctrine modified the teachings of Arianism, it still rejected the doctrine that Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are co-eternal, and of the same substance, or consubstantial, and was therefore considered to be heretical by many contemporary Christians.

Arius held that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were three separate essences or substances (ousia) and that the Son and Spirit derived their divinity from the Father, were created, and were inferior to the Godhead of the Father. Semi-Arians asserted that the Son was "of a similar substance" (homoiousios) as the Father but not "of the same substance" (homoousios).

Creation Seventh Day Adventist Church
The Creation Seventh Day (and) Adventist Church began as a small group that broke off from the Seventh-day Adventist Church in 1988, and organized its own church in 1991. It has been involved in court cases with the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists over trademarks and internet domain names.
Bactris simplicifrons
Bactris simplicifrons is a small (0.5–2 m tall, 0.3–1 cm in diameter) palm which is found in Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.

Unlike most other species of Bactris, B. simplicifrons is usually non-spiny, or only spiny along the leaf margins.  It also tends to have simple, rather than compound leaves.

Bactris
Bactris is a genus of spiny palms which are native to Mexico, South and Central America and the Caribbean. Most species are small trees about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) tall, but some are large trees while others are shrubs with subterranean stems. They have simple or pinnately compound leaves and yellow, orange, red or purple-black fruit. The genus is most closely related to several other spiny palms—Acrocomia, Aiphanes, Astrocaryum and Desmoncus. The fruit of several species is edible, most notably B. gasipaes, while others are used medicinally or for construction.

The ancestors of the genus are believed to have entered South America during the late Cretaceous. Bactris shows high rates of speciation.
OU Campus
Omni CMS (formerly OU Campus) is a web content management system (CMS) for colleges, universities, and other higher education institutions.

Omni CMS (then known as OU Campus) was launched in 1999 using the cloud computing, software as a service (SaaS) product delivery model. It was developed by OmniUpdate, a privately owned company headquartered in Camarillo, CA. OmniUpdate was started by software developers Tom Nalevanko, Lance Merker, and Yves Lempereur (developer of BinHex 4.0). OmniUpdate and Destiny Solutions merged to form ModernCampus in March 2021.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad
The Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad (APMO) starting from 1989 is a regional mathematics competition which involves countries from the Asian Pacific region.  The United States also takes part in the APMO. Every year, APMO is held in the afternoon of the second Monday of March for participating countries in the North and South Americas, and in the morning of the second Tuesday of March for participating countries on the Western Pacific and in Asia.

Mathematical olympiad
A mathematical olympiad is a mathematical competition where participants are examined by problem-solving and may win medals depending on their performance. It is usually aimed at pre-university students, and therefore, much of olympiad mathematics consists of elementary mathematics, though solutions may involve the use of calculus or higher-level mathematics. The biggest mathematics olympiad is the International Mathematical Olympiad. Since they measure some mathematical abilities of the students, They identify talented or gifted students in mathematics, who often receive opportunities for scholarships at universities.
Democratic deficit
A democratic deficit (or democracy deficit) occurs when ostensibly-democratic organizations or institutions (particularly governments) fall short of fulfilling the principles of democracy in their practices or operation. Representative and linked parliamentary integrity have become widely discussed. The qualitative expression of the democratic deficit is the difference between the democracy indices of a country from the highest possible values.

The phrase "democratic deficit" is cited as first being used by the Young European Federalists in their Manifesto in 1977, which was drafted by Richard Corbett.
It was also used by David Marquand in 1979, referring to the European Economic Community, the forerunner of the European Union.

Democracy indices
Democracy indices are quantitative and comparative assessments of the state of democracy for different countries according to various definitions of democracy.

The democracy indices differ in whether they are categorical, such as classifying countries into democracies, hybrid regimes, and autocracies, or continuous values. The qualitative nature of democracy indices enables data analytical approaches for studying causal mechanisms of regime transformation processes.

Democracy indices vary in their scope and the weight assigned to different aspects of democracy. These aspects include the breadth and strength of core democratic institutions, freedom of expression, the competitiveness and inclusiveness of polyarchy, governance quality, adherence to democratic norms, co-option of opposition, and other related factors, such as electoral system manipulation, electoral fraud, and popular support of anti-democratic alternatives.