hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Site No. RH00-062
Site No. RH00-062 is a survey monument located at the tripoint of Richardson County, Nebraska, and Brown and Doniphan counties in Kansas. The cast iron monument is 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and 16 inches (410 mm) square at its base. The monument marks the starting point of the land survey of the Kansas-Nebraska border along the 40th parallel north, which intersects the top of the Missouri River's western bluff at this spot. U.S. Deputy Surveyor Charles A. Manners erected the monument in 1855 at the beginning of the survey. In 1924, the monument was displaced and reset at the wrong location before Leo M. Petersen reset it in a sturdier base.

The monument was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 19, 1987.

Doniphan County, Kansas
Doniphan County is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat is Troy, and its most populous city is Wathena. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 7,510.  The county was named after Alexander Doniphan, a Mexican–American War hero.  It is bounded on the east by the Missouri River, to the south by Atchison County and to the west by Brown County.
1955–56 Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey season
The 1955–56 Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey team represented the University of Michigan in college ice hockey. In its 12th year under head coach Vic Heyliger, the team compiled a 20–2–1 record, outscored opponents 109 to 49, and won the 1956 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.  The Wolverines defeated St. Lawrence 2–1 in overtime in the first round of the Frozen Four. They then defeated Michigan Tech by a 7–5 score in the championship game at Broadmoor Arena in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The 1956 championship was Michigan's sixth NCAA hockey championship in nine years.

Goalie Lorne Howes was selected as the team's Most Valuable Player and was also named Most Valuable Player in the 1956 NCAA Tournament.  Team captain Bill MacFarland was the team's leading scorer with 19 goals, 28 assists, and 47 total points in 23 games.  Howes, MacFarland, and defenseman Bob Schiller were all named to the All-American college hockey team.

1956 NCAA men's ice hockey tournament
The 1956 NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the culmination of the 1955–56 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, the ninth such tournament in NCAA history. It was held between March 15 and 17, 1956, and concluded with Michigan defeating Michigan Tech 7–5. All games were played at the Broadmoor Ice Palace in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Vic Heyliger captured his 6th and final National title with the Wolverines, all done in the first 9 years of the tournament. As of 2016 he stands as the coach with the most championships overall and the most with one team (6).
Due Process (video game)
Due Process is an online multiplayer tactical first-person shooter video game developed by American studio Giant Enemy Crab and to be published by Annapurna Interactive. It was made available in early access for Windows on November 4, 2020. The game's core revolves around teamwork and communication, allowing players to draw a "playbook" during the planning phase onto the hand-curated, procedurally generated maps. The visuals are inspired by 1990s arcade light gun games, such as Time Crisis, and it is set in a cyberpunk dystopia.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Phyllonorycter agilella
Phyllonorycter agilella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in Latvia central Russia, Pyrenees, Italy and Bulgaria and from France to eastern Russia.

Its larvae feed on Ulmus glabra, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, mining the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Cirrus (interbank network)
Cirrus is a worldwide interbank network that provides cash to Mastercard cardholders. As a subsidiary of Mastercard, it connects all Mastercard's credit, debit, and prepaid cards, as well as ATM cards issued by various banks worldwide bearing the Mastercard/Maestro logo.

Founded in 1982, prior to its acquisition by Mastercard in 1987, Cirrus System, LLC was owned by Bank of Montreal, BayBanks Inc., First Interstate Bancorp, Mellon Bank, NBD Bancorp Inc., and Norwest Corp.

By default, Mastercard and Maestro cards are linked to the Cirrus network, but very often all three logotypes will be shown. Canadian, American and Saudi Arabian ATMs use this network alongside their local networks, and many banks have adopted Cirrus as their international interbank network alongside either a local one, the rival Plus ATM network owned by Visa, or both. In countries such as India and Bangladesh, the Cirrus network also serves as a local interbank network as well as an international one.

Maestro (debit card)
Mastercard Maestro is a brand of debit cards and prepaid cards owned by Mastercard that was introduced in 1991. Maestro is accepted at around fifteen million point of sale outlets in 93 countries.

On July 1, 2023, Mastercard began phasing out Maestro across Europe. European banks and other card issuers are now required to replace expired or lost Maestro cards with a different card.
Orders, decorations, and medals of the German Empire
Orders, decorations, and medals of the German Empire covers those decorations awarded by the states which came together under Prussian leadership to form the German Empire in 1871.  For convenience's sake, this category also covers the decorations of the various German states which were no longer in existence in 1871, mainly because they had been annexed by Prussia during the Wars of Unification or before.

House Order of Hohenzollern
The House Order of Hohenzollern (German: Hausorden von Hohenzollern or Hohenzollernscher Hausorden) was a dynastic order of knighthood of the House of Hohenzollern awarded to military commissioned officers and civilians of comparable status. Associated with the various versions of the order were crosses and medals which could be awarded to lower-ranking soldiers and civilians.
Block Error Rate
Block Error Rate (BLER) is a ratio of the number of erroneous blocks to the total number of blocks transmitted on a digital circuit.

It is used in measuring the error rate when extracting data frames from a Compact Disc (CD). The BLER measurement is often used as a quality control measure with regard to how well audio is retained on a compact disc over time.

BLER is also used for W-CDMA performance requirements tests (demodulation tests in multipath conditions, etc.). BLER is measured after channel de-interleaving and decoding by evaluating the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) on each transport block.

Block Error Rate (BLER) is used in LTE/4G technology to determine the in-sync or out-of-sync indication during radio link monitoring (RLM). Normal BLER is 2% for an in-sync condition and 10% for an out-of-sync condition.

Optical disc
An optical disc is a flat, usually disc-shaped object that stores information in the form of physical variations on its surface that can be read with the aid of a beam of light. Optical discs can be reflective, where the light source and detector are on the same side of the disc, or transmissive, where light shines through the disc to be detected on the other side. They may contain analog or digital information, or a mixture of the two. Their main uses are the distribution of media and data, and long-term archival storage.
Normalized frequency (fiber optics)
In an optical fiber, the normalized frequency, V (also called the V number), is given by

where a  is the core radius, λ is the wavelength in vacuum, n1 is the maximum refractive index of the core, n2 is the refractive index of the homogeneous cladding, and applying the usual definition of the numerical aperture NA.

In multimode operation of an optical fiber having a power-law refractive index profile, the approximate number of bound modes (the mode volume), is given by

where g is the profile parameter, and V is the normalized frequency, which must be greater than 5 for the approximation to be valid.

For a step-index fiber, the mode volume is given by V2/2. For single-mode operation, it is required that V < 2.4048, the first root of the Bessel function J0.

Power-law index profile
For optical fibers, a power-law index profile is an index of refraction profile characterized by

where

and  is the nominal refractive index as a function of distance from the fiber axis,  is the nominal refractive index on axis,  is the refractive index of the cladding, which is taken to be homogeneous (),  is the core radius, and  is a parameter that defines the shape of the profile.  is often used in place of . Hence, this is sometimes called an alpha profile.

For this class of profiles, multimode distortion is smallest when  takes a particular value depending on the material used. For most materials, this optimum value is approximately 2. In the limit of infinite , the profile becomes a step-index profile.
Film industry in Louisiana
The film industry in Louisiana has grown dramatically in recent years largely due to the state's 2002 tax incentives aimed at attracting film and television companies. The success of Louisiana's film industry caused the state to be nicknamed "Hollywood South" or "Hollywood on the Bayou".

In 2013, by some measures the film and television production in Louisiana exceeded that of California for the first time.

Film industry in Georgia (U.S. state)
The film industry in Georgia is the largest among the states of the United States for production of feature films by number of films produced, as of 2016. Atlanta is the center of the film industry in Georgia with Turner, Tyler Perry, and EUE/Screen Gems studios located there.

The industry in Georgia was boosted substantially by tax incentives introduced in 2002 and strengthened in 2008. Just in the fiscal year 2017 film and TV production had an economic impact in Georgia of $9.5 billion, while industry sources claim that the tax subsidy costs the state $141 million (2010). Films shot in Georgia include Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns (2008), Life as We Know It (2010), Contagion (2011) and a number of Marvel Studios productions, including Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame, as well as Ant-Man and the Wasp and Black Panther. Atlanta has since been called the "Hollywood of the South".
Jansen House
The Jansen House is a historic house in Atchison, Kansas. It was built in 1900 for John M. Price, a politician. It was acquired by Helen Jansen in 1903, and it remained in the same family until 1927. It belonged to the  Linville-Leacy family from 1928 to 1983.

The house was designed in the Queen Anne architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 6, 2005.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Atchison County, Kansas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Atchison County, Kansas.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 51 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted August 8, 2025.
XVII International Chopin Piano Competition
The XVII International Chopin Piano Competition (Polish: XVII Międzynarodowy Konkurs Pianistyczny im. Fryderyka Chopina) was held in Warsaw on April 13–24, 2015 (preliminary round) and October 1–23, 2015 (main competition and concerts). Prize winners' concerts were on October 21–23, 2015.

Seong-Jin Cho of South Korea won the competition.

X International Chopin Piano Competition
The X International Chopin Piano Competition (Polish: X Międzynarodowy Konkurs Pianistyczny im. Fryderyka Chopina) was held from 1 to 20 October 1980 in Warsaw. Đặng Thái Sơn, who in the final played with an orchestra for the first time in his life, won first prize, becoming the first pianist from Asia to do so. The elimination of Ivo Pogorelić after the third stage was a great source of controversy.
Skitube Alpine Railway
The Skitube Alpine Railway is a standard gauge electric rack railway in the Kosciuszko National Park in New South Wales, Australia. It provides access to the snowfields at Blue Cow Mountain and the Perisher Valley.

Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works
Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (German Schweizerische Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik; French Société Suisse pour la Construction de Locomotives et de Machines; or for both, SLM) was a railway equipment manufacturer based in Winterthur in Switzerland. Much of the world's mountain railway equipment was constructed by the company.
Devi Das Thakur
Devi Das Thakur (9 December 1929 – 3 February 2007) was born at small Village Batroo, district Ramban. He was eminent Constitutional Jurist and Practiced Law in the  Jammu and Kashmir High Court and also in Supreme Court of India. He also served as Finance and Planning Minister during 1975 to 1982, Deputy Chief Minister during 1984 to 1986 and Governor of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh in the year 1990. former Governor of Assam.

Ramban district
Ramban district is an administrative district in the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.  It is located in a valley surrounded the Pir Panjal range. It was carved out as a separate district from erstwhile Doda district in 2007. It is located in the Jammu division. The district headquarters are at Ramban town, which is located midway between Jammu and Srinagar on the banks of the Chenab river on National Highway-44, approximately 151 km from Jammu and Srinagar.
Carlos de la Madrid Virgen
Carlos de la Madrid Virgen (24 May 1940 – 26 August 2014) was a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party, he was Governor of Colima from 1991 to 1997 and also served as Mayor of Colima, Colima until 1991, when he was appointed to the Governature.

Governor of Colima
According to the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, the exercise of the Executive Power of this Mexican entity is placed in a single individual, called the Constitutional Governor of the Free and Sovereign State of Colima who is chosen for a period of 6 years and is not eligible for reelection. The term of governor begins November 1 of the year of the election and finishes October 31 after six years have elapsed.

The state of Colima was created in the year 1853, before during diverse periods of its history was a federal territory or department, by which the denomination of the holder of the Executive Power of the entity suffered various changes.
Essential Marvel
Essential Marvel was a line published by Marvel Comics from 1996–2013 that reprinted vintage comic book material in paperback format. Each black-and-white volume reprints approximately 20–30 issues of a classic Marvel title (mostly from the Silver Age or Bronze Age). Each Essential contains between 450 and 650 pages, printed on coarse, matte-quality paper.

DC Comics had a similar range of black-and-white reprint paperbacks, Showcase Presents (in the same way, the Marvel Masterworks line is the equivalent of DC's DC Archive Editions) that ran from 2005-2016.

DC Archive Editions
DC Archive Editions is a line of hardcovers that was published from 1989–2014, reprinting early, often rare comic book series, titles, and stories. They include more than 160 Golden Age and Silver Age comic properties currently owned by DC Comics, regardless of whether DC Comics was the original publisher. The series first published Superman Archives Vol. 1 in 1989. Most of the restoration work to make the pages suitable for quality printing has been done by Rick Keene, who has restored more than 2,500 pages.
Chiappa Rhino
The Chiappa Rhino is a series of revolvers produced by Italian manufacturer Chiappa Firearms.  The Rhino's frames are CNC-machined from a solid block of high-tensile aluminium alloy and all internal parts are CNC-machined from steel.

Chambered for the .357 Magnum/.38 Special, 9mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, or 9×21mm cartridges, their most distinctive feature is that the barrel is on a much lower bore axis, as the Rhino fires from the lowermost chamber of the cylinder rather than from the topmost chamber as in conventional revolvers.

9×21mm
The 9×21mm pistol cartridge (also known as the 9×21mm GP, 9×21mm IMI, 9mm IMI, 9×21mm Italian, or 9mm Italian) was designed by Jager (Loano, Italy), then adopted and commercialised by Israel Military Industries for jurisdictions where military service cartridges, like the 9×19mm Parabellum, are or were illegal for civilian purchase (i.e. France, Brazil, Mexico as well as Italy until 2021, when the 9×19mm was legalized for civilian use).
Jacobo Siruela
Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Martínez de Irujo, colloquially known as Jacobo Siruela (Madrid, July 15, 1954), is a Spanish aristocrat, 24th Count of Siruela, editor, writer, graphic designer, farmer and rancher.

Claude Fayette Bragdon
Claude Fayette Bragdon (August 1, 1866 – 1946) was an American architect, writer, and stage designer based in Rochester, New York, up to World War I, then in New York City.

The designer of Rochester’s New York Central Railroad terminal (1909–13) and Chamber of Commerce (1915–17), as well as many other public buildings and private residences, Bragdon enjoyed a national reputation as an architect working in the progressive tradition associated with Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. Along with members of the Prairie School and other regional movements, these architects developed new approaches to the planning, design, and ornamentation of buildings that embraced industrial techniques and building types while reaffirming democratic traditions threatened by the rise of urban mass society. In numerous essays and books, Bragdon argued that only an “organic architecture” based on nature could foster a democratic community in an industrial capitalist society.
Women's college
Women's colleges in higher education are undergraduate, bachelor's degree-granting institutions, often liberal arts colleges, whose student populations are composed exclusively or almost exclusively of women. Some women's colleges admit male students to their graduate schools or in smaller numbers to undergraduate programs, but all serve a primarily female student body.

Catharine Beecher
Catharine Esther Beecher (September 6, 1800 – May 12, 1878) was an American educator and writer known for her forthright opinions on female education as well as her vehement support of the many benefits of the incorporation of kindergarten into children's education. She published the advice manual The American Woman's Home with her sister Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1869. Some sources spell her first name as "Catherine".
Champions Cup (All-Ireland)
The Champions Cup (known as the Unite the Union Champions Cup for sponsorship purposes) was a cross-border association football super cup, run for a single edition in 2019, that featured the league champions from both football associations on the island of Ireland. The competition saw the League of Ireland Premier Division champions from the Republic of Ireland face the NIFL Premiership champions from Northern Ireland. The Champions Cup was the successor to the Setanta Sports Cup, the previous all-Ireland competition which ran from 2005 until 2014. The Champions Cup was sponsored by Unite the Union, the British and Irish trade union. The 2019 edition was the only one contested and, as of 2022, there was reportedly little prospect of the competition returning.

Tyler Cup
The Tyler Cup, also called the Tyler All-Ireland Cup, was an association football competition played between clubs in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The competition ran from 1978 to 1980, and was similar to the earlier Blaxnit Cup, North-South Cup, Dublin and Belfast Intercity Cup, or the Setanta Sports Cup inaugurated in the 2000s.
Qsort
qsort is a C standard library function that implements a sorting algorithm for arrays of arbitrary objects according to a user-provided comparison function. It is named after the "quicker sort" algorithm (a quicksort variant due to R. S. Scowen), which was originally used to implement it in the Unix C library, although the C standard does not require it to implement quicksort. It comes from <stdlib.h> (or <cstdlib> in C++ Standard Library).

The ability to operate on different kinds of data (polymorphism) is achieved by taking a function pointer to a three-way comparison function, as well as a parameter that specifies the size of its individual input objects. The C standard requires the comparison function to implement a total order on the items in the input array.

Sorting algorithm
In computer science, a sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts elements of a list into an order. The most frequently used orders are numerical order and lexicographical order, and either ascending or descending. Efficient sorting is important for optimizing the efficiency of other algorithms (such as search and merge algorithms) that require input data to be in sorted lists. Sorting is also often useful for canonicalizing data and for producing human-readable output.

Formally, the output of any sorting algorithm must satisfy two conditions:

The output is in monotonic order (each element is no smaller/larger than the previous element, according to the required order).

The output is a permutation (a reordering, yet retaining all of the original elements) of the input.

Although some algorithms are designed for sequential access, the highest-performing algorithms assume data is stored in a data structure which allows random access.
Addison Gardiner
Addison Gardiner (March 19, 1797 – June 5, 1883) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the lieutenant governor of New York from 1845 to 1847 and Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1854 to 1855.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.