hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Downsend School
Downsend School is a co-educational independent school for pupils aged between six months and sixteen. In 2020, Downsend became a through-school, offering a three-year GCSE. It is located in Leatherhead, Ashtead and Epsom, in Surrey, UK.

It is a school for boys and girls, and takes on pupils from 6 months to 18 years of age across its four schools in Ashtead, Epsom and Leatherhead. The school does not have charitable status, being run as a business by Cognita Schools Limited. As of 2025, Downsend's executive head is Rebecca Tear.

Cognita
Cognita is a global private schools group which owns and operates schools throughout various countries. The group has over 100 schools and employs 21,000 staff and teaches 95,000 students across 20 countries. Cognita schools teach 14 different curricula, namely National, International Baccalaureate, American (including American Education Reaches Out – Common Core Plus and Advanced Placement), Australian, Spanish, Chilean, Colombian, Greek, Mexican, Indian, Swiss, Italian,  Brazilian, and Omani.

Cognita was founded by the late Chris Woodhead, previously Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools in England.
Stargate: Resistance
Stargate: Resistance was an online third-person shooter owned and operated by the American studio Dark Comet Games, powered by the Unreal 3 engine, and based on the television series Stargate SG-1. It was originally released in 2010 by Firesky and Cheyenne Mountain Entertainment, however Cheyenne Mountain Entertainment went into receivership in March 2010  and Firesky entered into an agreement with Dark Comet Games for the maintenance, operation and development of Stargate Resistance. The game used a "buy to play" business model, with a one-off purchase fee and no monthly subscription fee. The game servers were  shut down on January 15, 2011.
A fan powered central server solution has been put in place, making the game once again playable.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
SE scale
SE scale is a designation used by some modellers to describe miniature (model) trains which run on either Gauge 1 (45 mm or 1.772 in) track or O gauge (32 mm or 1.26 in) track.  In the SE scale, 7/8 of an inch equals one foot, which is a ratio of 1:13.7. On 45 mm (1.772 in) gauge track this represents real life narrow-gauge railways that are 2 ft (610 mm) gauge, while on 32 mm (1.26 in) gauge track this represents 18 in (457 mm) railways.

Modelling on a scale where 7/8 inch = 1 foot is relatively new (within the last 20 years) and, as a result, the majority of the modellers build from scratch.

1 gauge
1 gauge, gauge 1 or gauge one is a  model railway and toy train standard that was popular in the early 20th century, particularly with European manufacturers. Its track measures 1.75 in (44.45 mm), making it larger than 0 gauge but slightly smaller than wide gauge, which came to be the dominant U.S. standard during the 1920s.

Gauge one was standardised, according to Model Railways and Locomotive magazine of August 1909, at 1.75 in (44.45 mm). An exact 1:32 scale would yield 1.766 in (44.85 mm) for standard gauge prototype. The distance between the wheel tyres was set at 1+17⁄32 in (38.894 mm) and between the centre of the track 48 mm (no inch equivalent suggesting it was metric users' requirement only). The wheel width was set at 19⁄64 in (7.541 mm).

Definitions using gauge, rather than scale, were more common in the early days with the four gauges for which standards were adopted being No. 0 (commonly called O gauge currently), No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3.
Else Peerenboom-Missong
Else Peerenboom-Missong (born Else Peerenboom; 13 October 1893 – 31 August 1958) was a German economist who became a politician (Catholic Centre Party, CDU). Between 1930 and 1933 she served as a member of the Reichstag (German parliament).   She withdrew from politics during the twelve Nazi years, but in 1933 had spoken out personally to the Vatican diplomat, Cardinal Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII), in condemnation of the Concordat between the Holy See and the German Nazi State.  This may have been one of various reasons why she was kept under close Gestapo surveillance. In the wake of the assassination attempt against Hitler in July 1944 she was one of those arrested and briefly detained in the context of what came to be known as Aktion Gitter. After the war she contributed significantly to the establishment of the CDU (party) in the Rhineland region.

Adolf Süsterhenn
Adolf Süsterhenn (1905–1974) was a German constitutional lawyer and politician. He worked on the state constitution for Rhineland-Palatinate and was on the Parlamentarischer Rat, which drafted the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany. He was born on 31 May 1905 in Cologne and was Minister for Culture and Justice in Rhineland-Palatinate between 1946 and 1951 for Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He also served on the European Commission of Human Rights from 1954 to 1973. He died in Cologne on 24 November 1974 at the age of 69.

Süsterhenn, along with  Franz-Josef Wuermeling, had been one of the leading advocates of continuing the criminalization of homosexuality in West Germany according to the 1935 version of Paragraph 175 introduced under Nazism. In 1968, he relaxed his stance on the issue, commenting that many Catholic moral theologians no longer saw homosexuality as something that must be punished by the state.
Issikiomartyria plicata
Issikiomartyria plicata is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by Hashimoto in 2006 and is endemic to Japan.

The length of the forewings is 4.9–5 millimetres (0.19–0.20 in) for males.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
Trial of Scot Peterson
Scot Ralph Peterson (born April 26, 1963) is an American former sheriff's deputy who was involved in the events of the 2018 high school shooting incident at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in the Broward suburban town of Parkland, Florida. At the time of the shooting, he was a Broward County Sheriff's Office deputy sheriff.

In 2023, Peterson stood trial for multiple charges including felony child neglect and culpable negligence in relation to his inactivity during the school shooting. Before the trial, commentators had stated that a guilty verdict in his trial might have set a precedent for the legal status of policing in America. It was the first time in the U.S. where a law enforcement officer was charged with failing to confront a shooter during an on-campus shooting. On June 29, 2023, Peterson was acquitted on all charges.

Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School
Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School (MSDHS) is a public high school in Parkland, Florida, United States. Established in 1990 as part of the Broward County Public Schools district and named after the writer Marjory Stoneman Douglas, it was the only public high school in Parkland, serving almost the entire city as well as a small section of neighboring Coral Springs.

On February 14, 2018, the school was the scene of a deadly mass shooting perpetrated by a 19-year-old former student of the school, in which fourteen students and three staff members were murdered, and seventeen others were injured. On June 14, 2024, the building where the shooting took place was demolished.
Orang Kaya Indera Pahlawan
Orang Kaya Indera Pahlawan is a nobility title in Pahang Sultanate and one of the four highest ranking nobles below the monarch. The title traces its origin from the times of the Old Pahang Sultanate, and was historically known as Maharaja Indera Pahlawan. The territory under his jurisdiction is Chenor, and land between the Bera and Kuala Luit (corresponding to most of Maran constituency, and some parts of Bera constituency).

During the reign of Raja Bendahara Tun Ali, the title was renamed 'Orang Kaya Indera Pahlawan', with the added prefixes 'Orang Kaya'. The title is the third most influential among the four major chiefs, since his territory is the second most closer to the capital after Orang Kaya Indera Shahbandar .

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Submission of the Clergy
The Submission of the Clergy was a process by which the Catholic Church in England gave up their power to formulate church laws without the King's licence and assent. It was passed first by the Convocation of Canterbury in 1532 and then by the Reformation Parliament in 1534. Along with other Acts passed by the Parliament, it further separated the Church from Rome.

Submission of the Clergy Act 1533
The Submission of the Clergy Act 1533 (25 Hen. 8 c. 19) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the laws passed by the Reformation Parliament that subjugated the Church of England to the Crown as part of Henry VIII's break with Rome.

As of 2025, sections 1 and 3 of the act are still in force. Section 1 of the act requires royal assent for the making of laws, including canon law, by the Convocations of Canterbury and York. Section 3 of the act makes laws passed by the Convocations invalid to the extent they contradict the law of the land or the royal prerogative. Section 1(3) of the Synodical Government Measure 1969 (No. 2), which established the General Synod of the Church of England, applies these sections to the General Synod.

The repeal by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1969 (c. 50) of section 2 of the Act of Supremacy (1 Eliz. 1. c. 1) does not affect the continued operation, so far as unrepealed, of the act.
X1 (dinghy)
The X1 is a fast, light-weight sailing dinghy designed for sailing on rivers, estuaries and inland waters by Phil Morrison. The dinghy is sailed by 2 or 3 people and has a main, a jib and a symmetric spinnaker. The boat is designed to be easily driven in very light wind, easy to sail and rig and quick to tack. It has a PY of 949. Currently the PY is the same as an RS400 but can perform better in light wind and slower in heavier winds.

The X1 was boat tested by Yachts & Yachting and Yachting Life.

RS400
The RS400 is a light-weight sailing dinghy designed by Phil Morrison and manufactured by RS Sailing. The dinghy is sailed by two people and has a main, a jib and an asymmetric spinnaker. It has a PY of 948 and a D-PN of 82.3.
Robina State High School
Robina State High School is a coeducational independent public secondary school based in Robina, on the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. The school has a total enrolment of more than 1500 students, with an official count of 1530 students in 2024.

Since 2026, the school's current role of principal has been held by Rebecca McDonald. The school also consists of four deputy principals, one business manager, fourteen heads of department, two guidance officers, one provisional psychologist, one social worker, one school-based nurse, one school-based police officer, one school chaplain and three year level coordinators.

Australia women's national baseball team
The Australian women's national baseball team, nicknamed the Emeralds, represents Australia in international women's baseball tournaments and competitions. The team is controlled by the Australian Baseball Federation, which is represented in the Baseball Confederation of Oceania (BCO). They are the only team in Oceania to be formally ranked by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF), and are the 3rd ranked women's baseball team in the world. The Emeralds have been in existence since 2001, when the first ever squad was selected from the 2001 National Women’s Championships, held in Sydney. They compete in the biennial IBAF Women’s Baseball World Cup.

The team has competed at all eight Women's Baseball World Cups, most recently finishing seventh in 2018. The next major tournament was the 2020 Women's Baseball World Cup.
Calum Ferrie
Calum Ferrie (born 19 June 1998) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Scottish Championship club Queen's Park.

A former youth team player at Port Vale, he played on loan at Gresley in 2015 before he turned professional at Dundee the following year. He made his first-team debut for Dundee in April 2018. He joined Stirling Albion on loan in June 2018 and became named the club's Player of the Year for the 2018–19 season. He joined Falkirk on loan in January 2020. Ferrie returned to Dundee the following season before leaving the club in 2021. He subsequently signed with Queen's Park and helped the club to win promotion out of Scottish League One via the play-offs in 2022, before being named on the PFA Scotland Scottish Championship Team of the Year for both 2022–23 and 2023–24. He played in the 2025 Scottish Challenge Cup final.

2020–21 Scottish Premiership
The 2020–21 Scottish Premiership was the eighth season of the Scottish Premiership, the 124th edition of the highest division of Scottish football. The fixtures were published on 6 July 2020, with the season beginning on 1 August, following Scottish Government approval due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee United, Hamilton Academical, Hibernian, Kilmarnock, Livingston, Motherwell, Rangers, Ross County, St Johnstone and St Mirren. Celtic were the defending champions, seeking a record-breaking tenth successive title.

On 7 March, Rangers clinched their 55th title, their first since 2011, and the earliest title clinching date after Celtic drew 0–0 away to Dundee United with 6 games remaining. Rangers also completed an unbeaten league season on 15 May 2021 after a 4–0 win against Aberdeen on the final matchday.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the State of Missouri, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections will take place on August 4, 2026.

2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with the U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections took place on August 6, 2024.
Derviš-beg Alić Sarvanović
Derviš-beg Alić Sarvanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Дервиш-бег Алић Сарвановић), known as Derviš Alić (Дервиш Алић) or Dervish Bey (Turkish: Derviş Bey) was the Ottoman governor of the sanjak of Montenegro from 1592 to at least 1597. He was from Peć.

In 1592, the Sanjak of Scutari was divided into two parts. Derviš-beg received the sanjak of Montenegro (Ulcinj, Bar and all on the right side of the Bojana river). He had succeeded in dividing the sanjak after bribing the Vizier. He held the title of sanjak-bey, and wrote to the provveditore of Cattaro (Kotor) about his acquisition of the sanjak of Montenegro, and also Paštrovići and Perast which were under Venetian rule.

In 1597 he defeated the Serb rebels led by Grdan at the Gacko field. The Montenegrin tribes did not participate in the uprising, only the Brđani. At the time, Sarvanović threatened the Montenegrins through the provveditore of Kotor.

Grdan
Grdan (Serbian Cyrillic: Грдан; fl. 1596–d. 1612) was the vojvoda (duke) of the Nikšić nahija, part of the Sanjak of Herzegovina (Ottoman Empire), who led several uprisings against the Ottomans in between 1596 and 1612, alongside Serbian Patriarch Jovan Kantul (s. 1592–1614).
Boldon Community Association F.C.
Boldon Community Association F.C. is an association football club that plays in the Northern League Division Two.  The club was founded as Boldon Villa, joining the Wearside Football League as a founder member in 1892.  They were later known as Boldon Villa and Boldon Colliery Welfare.  In 1976 the club name was renamed Boldon Community Association.
The league title was won in 1953, 1955, 1975 and 1997 
They  were promoted from the Wearside League to the Northern League in 2021.
They made their debut in the Northern Football League in 1–1 draw with Horden Community Welfare.

Goalkeeper Sam Bartram played for the club before joining Charlton Athletic.

Northern Football League
The Northern League is a British men's football league in north east England. Having been founded in 1889, it is the second-oldest football league in the world still in existence after the English Football League.

It contains two divisions; Division One and Division Two. Division One sits on the ninth tier of the English football league system, five divisions below the Football League. These leagues cover the historic counties of Durham, Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire's North Riding. The champion club of Division One is promoted to the lower division of the Northern Premier League.
Nightingale Estate
The Nightingale Estate is located in the Lower Clapton area of the London Borough of Hackney, next to Hackney Downs. The estate originally consisted of six 22 story tower blocks, but was redeveloped between 2003-2006 and replaced with mostly low-rise buildings. Only one of the towers, Seaton Point, still remains.

Hackney London Borough Council
Hackney London Borough Council, also known as Hackney Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Hackney, in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2002. Since 2002 the council has been led by a directly elected mayor. The council meets at Hackney Town Hall and has its main offices in the adjoining Hackney Service Centre.
Transcontinental railroad
A transcontinental railroad or transcontinental railway is contiguous railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass and has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks may be via the tracks of a single railroad, or via several railroads owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route. Although Europe is crisscrossed by railways, the railroads within Europe are usually not considered transcontinental, with the possible exception of the historic Orient Express.
Transcontinental railroads helped open up interior regions of continents not previously colonized to exploration and settlement that would not otherwise have been feasible. In many cases, they also formed the backbones of cross-country passenger and freight transportation networks. Many of them continue to have an important role in freight transportation, and some such as the Trans-Siberian Railway even have passenger trains going from one end to the other.

Alameda Terminal
Alameda Terminal (also known as Alameda Wharf) was a railroad station and ferry wharf at the foot and west of present-day Pacific Avenue and Main Street in Alameda, California, on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay with ferry service to San Francisco.: 10–11   It was built in 1864 and operated by the San Francisco and Alameda Railroad.  In 1869, it served as the original west coast terminus of the U.S. First transcontinental railroad,: 7  until the opening of Oakland Pier two months later. The western terminus was inaugurated September 6, 1869, when the first Western Pacific through train from Sacramento reached the shores of San Francisco Bay at Alameda Terminal, — thus completing the first transcontinental railroad "from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean" in accordance with the Pacific Railroad Acts.
Angus Wells
Angus Wells (26 March 1943 – 11 April 2006) was a British writer of genre fiction, including fantasy and westerns. Wells wrote under numerous pseudonyms, including Andrew Quiller (with Kenneth Bulmer and Laurence James), James A. Muir, Charles R. Pike (with Kenneth Bulmer and Terry Harknett), William S. Brady (with John Harvey), J. D. Sandon (with John Harvey), Charles C. Garrett (with Laurence James), Richard Kirk (with Robert Holdstock), J. B. Dancer (with John Harvey), and Ian Evans.

John Harvey (author)
John Harvey is a British author of crime fiction, screenwriter, and poet. He is best known for his series of jazz-influenced Charlie Resnick novels, based in the City of Nottingham. He has also written under several pen names.
MINQUE
In statistics, the theory of minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) was developed by C. R. Rao. MINQUE is a theory alongside other estimation methods in estimation theory, such as the method of moments or maximum likelihood estimation. Similar to the theory of best linear unbiased estimation, MINQUE is specifically concerned with linear regression models. The method was originally conceived to estimate heteroscedastic error variance in multiple linear regression. MINQUE estimators also provide an alternative to maximum likelihood estimators or restricted maximum likelihood estimators for variance components in mixed effects models. MINQUE estimators are quadratic forms of the response variable and are used to estimate a linear function of the variances.

Matrix norm
In the field of mathematics, norms are defined for elements within a vector space. Specifically, when the vector space comprises matrices, such norms are referred to as matrix norms. Matrix norms differ from vector norms in that they must also interact with matrix multiplication.