hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michał Gutowski
Michał Mieczysław Wojciech Gutowski (14 September 1910 – 23 August 2006) was a Brigadier General of the Polish Army and an equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Gutowski was a career officer of the Polish Army. He fought in the September Campaign of World War II. After the Polish defeat he joined the Polish Armed Forces in the West in France and eventually in Britain. He fought in the 1st Armoured Division under General Stanisław Maczek, among others in the Battle of Falaise.

After the war he emigrated to Canada where he worked as a military instructor for Canadian forces. He later established an equestrian club and trained Canadian equestrian riders.

Gutowski was awarded multiple state and military awards, among others Virtuti Militari, Order of Polonia Restituta or Légion d'honneur. He was buried at the Powązki Military Cemetery in Warsaw.

Powązki Military Cemetery
Powązki Military Cemetery (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈvɔ̃skʲi]; Polish: Cmentarz Wojskowy na Powązkach) is an old military cemetery located in the Żoliborz district, western part of Warsaw, Poland. The cemetery is often confused with the older Powązki Cemetery, known colloquially as "Old Powązki". The Old Powązki cemetery is located to the south-east of the military cemetery.

The military cemetery holds the graves of many who have fought and died for their country since the early 19th century, including a large number involved in the 1920 Battle of Warsaw, the September 1939 Campaign, and the 1944 Warsaw Uprising against Nazi Germany.
Spanish succession issue of 1789
The Spanish succession issue of 1789 was a series of debates and decisions, taking place and adopted prior, during, and after the Cortes sittings. They were initiated by King Carlos IV, who had suggested that the succession law in force be altered to give preference to females of main descendant lines over males of collateral lines. The proposal was accepted and formally adopted as the Cortes' petition to the king. However, a corresponding law was not published until 1830, triggering both a dynastical conflict and a series of civil wars known as the Carlist Wars. Whether the succession law was effectively changed in 1789 became a heated juridical, historical, and political debate which continued well into the 20th century. In current historiography it is usually considered of secondary importance and dealt with in highly ambiguous terms.

Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV (Spanish: Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego de Borbón y Sajonia; 11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819) was King of Spain and ruler of the Spanish Empire from 1788 to 1808.

The Spain inherited by Charles IV gave few indications of instability, but during his reign, Spain entered a series of disadvantageous alliances and his regime constantly sought cash to deal with the exigencies of war. He detested his son and heir Ferdinand, who led the unsuccessful El Escorial Conspiracy and later forced Charles's abdication after the Tumult of Aranjuez in March 1808, along with ousting Charles's widely hated first minister Manuel Godoy. Summoned to Bayonne by Napoleon Bonaparte, who forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon to place his elder brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne of Spain. The reign of Charles IV turned out to be a major negative turning point in Spanish history.
Fanjove Island
Fanjove Island (Kisiwa cha Fanjove, in Swahili) is a coral island in the Songosongo Archipelago. The island is governed by the Songosongo ward in Kilwa District of Lindi Region in Tanzania's Indian ocean coast. The island is a geographically part of the Songosongo Islands archipelago which is composed of 22 reefs and 4 islands. The other three islands in the archipelago are Songo Songo, Nyuni Island and Okuza Island.  The is land is originally been uninhabited, thus it has been leased to a luxury hotelier by the Tanzanian government. On January 12, 2000, 11 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin that had become live-stranded on Fanjove Island were reported as having been refloated and released.

Songo Songo Island
Songo Songo Island, or sometimes spelled Songosongo Island (Swahili: Kisiwa cha Songosongo), is a coral island in the Songosongo Archipelago. The island is governed by the Songosongo ward in Kilwa District of Lindi Region in Tanzania's Indian ocean coast.  It is served by the Songo Songo Airstrip. The island's native inhabitants are the Matumbi people.
Domo, Inc.
Domo, Inc. is an American cloud software company based in American Fork, Utah, United States. It specializes in artificial intelligence, business intelligence, and data visualization and is designed to provide real-time access to business data for decision makers across the company with minimal IT involvement. It is a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) venture.

American Fork, Utah
American Fork is a city in north-central Utah County, Utah, United States, at the foot of Mount Timpanogos in the Wasatch Range, north from Utah Lake. The city is 32 miles (51 km) southeast of Salt Lake City and is part of the Provo–Orem Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 33,337 in 2020. The city has grown rapidly since the 1970s.
General debate of the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly
The general debate of the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly was the first debate of the 67th session of the United Nations General Assembly that ran from 25 September – 1 October 2012. Leaders from the United Nations' member states addressed the General Assembly concerning topics of national, regional and international importance.

Elmar Mammadyarov
Elmar Maharram oglu Mammadyarov (Azerbaijani: Elmar Məhərrəm oğlu Məmmədyarov, IPA: [elˈmɑɾ mæhæˈɾæm oɣˈlu mæmædˈjɑɾov]; born July 2, 1960) is an Azerbaijani diplomat who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan between 7 April 2004 and 16 July 2020.
Gornal, Russia
Gornal (Russian: Горналь) is a village in western Russia, in Sudzansky District of Kursk Oblast.

The village is located on the river Psel, not far from the Russian-Ukrainian border, 102 kilometres (63 mi) southwest of Kursk, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the district centre of Sudzha.

Sudzha
Sudzha (Russian: Суджа, [ˈsudʐə]) is a town and the administrative center of Sudzhansky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Sudzha and Oleshnya rivers 105 kilometers (65 mi) southwest of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. It has a population of 5,127 people. It is the natural gas exchange feeder where the Trans-Siberian pipeline meets the Brotherhood pipeline. The town was occupied by Ukrainian forces between August 15, 2024 and March 12, 2025 as a result of an incursion into the region.
Oscar Ustari
Oscar Alfredo Ustari (born 3 July 1986) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

After starting out at Independiente, he spent most of his professional career in Spain, mainly with Getafe where he had his spell marred by injuries. He also played several seasons in Liga MX, and won the MLS Cup 2025 with Inter Miami in Major League Soccer.

Ustari represented Argentina at the 2006 World Cup, and won a gold medal with the country at the Summer Olympics in 2008.

2007–08 Copa del Rey
The 2007–08 Copa del Rey was the 106th staging of the Copa del Rey.

The competition started on 29 August 2007 and concluded on 16 April 2008 with the final, held at the Vicente Calderón Stadium in Madrid, in which Valencia lifted the trophy for the seventh time in their history with a 3–1 victory over Getafe, who were also beaten finalists a year earlier. The cup holders had been Sevilla, but they were eliminated in the round of 16.
Garioch
Garioch (Scots: The Geerie, /ˈɡɪəri/ GEER-ee, Scottish Gaelic: Gairbheach) is one of six committee areas in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It has a population of 46,254 (2006 estimate), which gives it the largest population of Aberdeenshire's six committee areas. The Garioch consists primarily of the district drained by the River Ury and its tributaries the Shevock and the Gadie Burn.

Buchan
Buchan /ˈbʌxən/ is a coastal district in the north-east of Scotland, bounded by the Ythan and Deveron rivers. It was one of the original provinces of the Kingdom of Alba. It is now one of the six committee areas of Aberdeenshire.
Template (C++)
Templates are a feature of the C++ programming language that allow functions and classes to operate with generic types. This allows a function or class declaration to reference via a generic variable another different class (built-in or newly declared data type) without creating a full declaration for each of these different classes.

In plain terms, a templated class or function would be the equivalent of (before "compiling") copying and pasting the templated block of code where it is used, and then replacing the template parameter with the actual one. For this reason, classes employing templated methods place the implementation in the headers (*.h files) as no symbol could be compiled without knowing the type beforehand.

The C++ Standard Library provides many useful functions within a framework of connected templates.

Major inspirations for C++ templates were the parameterized modules provided by the language CLU and the generics provided by Ada.

C++20
C++20 is a version of the ISO/IEC 14882 standard for the C++ programming language. C++20 replaced the prior version of the C++ standard, called C++17, and was later replaced by C++23. The standard was technically finalized by WG21 at the meeting in Prague in February 2020, had its final draft version announced in March 2020, was approved on 4 September 2020, and published in December 2020.
Transpiration
Water is passively transported into the roots and then into the xylem.

The forces of cohesion and adhesion cause the water molecules to form a column in the xylem.

Water moves from the xylem into the mesophyll cells, evaporates from their surfaces and leaves the plant by diffusion through the stomata

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. It is a passive process that requires no energy expense by the plant. Transpiration also cools plants, changes osmotic pressure of cells, and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients. When water uptake by the roots is less than the water lost to the atmosphere by evaporation, plants close small pores called stomata to decrease water loss, which slows down nutrient uptake and decreases CO2 absorption from the atmosphere limiting metabolic processes, photosynthesis, and growth.

Adhesion
Adhesion is the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another. (Cohesion refers to the tendency of similar or identical particles and surfaces to cling to one another.)

The forces that cause adhesion and cohesion can be divided into several types. The intermolecular forces responsible for the function of various kinds of stickers and sticky tape fall into the categories of chemical adhesion, dispersive adhesion, and diffusive adhesion. In addition to the cumulative magnitudes of these intermolecular forces, there are also certain emergent mechanical effects.
EAR (band)
Experimental Audio Research (commonly shortened to E.A.R. or EAR) is an experimental music collective formed around Peter Kember (a.k.a. Sonic Boom), formerly of Spacemen 3.  While Spacemen 3 were a relatively traditional rock and roll band with strong experimental leanings, E.A.R. is essentially a free improvisation project, creating instrumental music characterized by lengthy, droning textures and slowly evolving structures.

The line-up often included Sonic Boom (Spectrum, Spacemen 3), Kevin Martin (God), Kevin Shields (My Bloody Valentine), and Eddie Prévost (AMM). Past collaborators include Lawrence Chandler of Bowery Electric, Nick Kramer, Delia Derbyshire and Thomas Köner, plus various members of Spectrum, though it is generally considered a Kember solo project. The collective is one of Kember's several post-Spacemen 3 projects, which also include Spectrum, as well albums released under the Sonic Boom moniker.

God (British band)
God (stylised in all caps) were a British experimental band formed in London by Kevin Martin. The band's first official release was 'Sounds Like Thunder' in 1988, for a Mark E. Smith-curated 'Disparate Cognescenti' compilation. The band expanded to include nine members and released two studio albums before disbanding in 1996. The group's abrasive combination of ambient, dub, free jazz and noise rock music garnered respect from their peers such as Bill Laswell, Ministry, My Bloody Valentine, J. G. Thirlwell and John Zorn.
La moglie vergine
La moglie vergine, internationally released as The Virgin Wife, Valentina  and You've Got to Have Heart, is a 1975 Italian commedia sexy all'italiana directed by Marino Girolami (here credited as Franco Martinelli).

Commedia sexy all'italiana
The commedia sexy all'italiana (Italian: [komˈmɛːdja ˈsɛksi allitaˈljaːna], lit. "sex comedy Italian style"), also known as commedia scollacciata ("low-cut comedy") or commedia erotica all'italiana, is a subgenre of the Italian commedia all'italiana film genre.
Kapiti Urban Area
The Kapiti Urban Area is a statistical area that was defined by Statistics New Zealand to cover a group of urban settlements of the Kāpiti Coast District, in the Wellington Region. It was classified as a main urban area under the New Zealand Standard Areas Classification 1992 because its population exceeded 30,000.

The settlements comprise (north to south):

Waikanae

Paraparaumu (including Otaihanga, Raumati Beach and Raumati South)

Paekākāriki

The largest settlement is Paraparaumu. Raumati may be considered a suburb of Paraparaumu or a separate town in its own right – there are no legal definitions for towns in New Zealand. Kapiti Urban Area is better described as a commuter area of Wellington than an independent city.

Under Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018, Kapiti Urban Area was split into separate urban areas for the three settlements.

The Kāpiti Coast District also includes the settlements of Te Horo and Ōtaki, which are outside Kapiti Urban Area.

Kāpiti Coast District
The Kāpiti Coast District (officially the Kapiti Coast District) is a local government district of the Wellington Region in the lower North Island of New Zealand, 50 km (31 mi) north of Wellington City. The district is named after Kapiti Island, a prominent island 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) offshore.

The population of the district is concentrated in a chain of coastal settlements along State Highway One: Ōtaki, Te Horo, Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki. Paraparaumu is the most populous of these towns and the commercial and administrative centre. Much of the rural land is given over to horticulture; market gardens are common along the highway between the settlements. The area available for agriculture and settlement is narrow and coastal. Much of the eastern part of the district is within the Tararua Forest Park, which covers the rugged Tararua Range, with peaks rising to over 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Alpine Lakes Wilderness is a large wilderness area spanning the Central Cascades of Washington state in the United States. The wilderness is located in parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Snoqualmie National Forest, and is approximately bounded by Interstate 90 and Snoqualmie Pass to the south and U.S. Route 2 and Stevens Pass to the north. The Alpine Lakes is the largest wilderness area near the population centers of Puget Sound, counted at 414,161 acres (167,605 ha) following the 2014 expansion.

North Bend, Washington
North Bend is a city in King County, Washington, United States, on the outskirts of the Seattle metropolitan area. The population was 7,461 at the 2020 census. The city is 30 miles (48 km) east of Seattle on Interstate 90 and lies in the foothills of the Cascade Range near Snoqualmie Pass.

Since the closure of Weyerhaeuser's Snoqualmie sawmill, North Bend has become a prosperous bedroom community for Seattle and Bellevue. The city was made famous by David Lynch's television series Twin Peaks, which was partially filmed in North Bend. The community is also home to Nintendo North Bend, the main North American production facility and distribution center for the video game console manufacturer Nintendo.
Chambré Brabazon Ponsonby
Chambré Brabazon Ponsonby (c.1720 – 20 February 1762) was an Irish Member of Parliament.

He was the son of Major-General Henry Ponsonby by his wife Lady Frances, daughter of Chambré Brabazon, 5th Earl of Meath. His paternal grandfather was William Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Duncannon and Brabazon Ponsonby, 1st Earl of Bessborough was his uncle.

He sat in the Irish House of Commons as member for Newtownards from 1750 to 1761.

Brabazon Ponsonby, 1st Earl of Bessborough
Brabazon Ponsonby, 1st Earl of Bessborough (1679 – 4 July 1758), was a British politician and peer. He was the son of William Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Duncannon, and Mary Moore. He was an active politician from 1705 to 1757 in Great Britain and Ireland. He represented Newtownards and County Kildare in the Irish House of Commons. He inherited his father's viscountcy in 1724 and was made Earl of Bessborough in the Peerage of Ireland in 1739. He is buried in Fiddown, County Kilkenny, Ireland.

Ponsonby married Sarah Margetson, an heiress whose family owned Bishopscourt, County Kildare, and his family remained there until the 1830s.
Expo 2015
Expo 2015 was a World Expo hosted by Milan, Italy. It opened on May 1, 2015 at 10:00 CEST and closed on October 31, 2015. This was the second time Milan hosted an exposition; the first time was the 1906 Milan International.

The Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) general assembly in Paris decided in favour of Milan on March 31, 2008. On November 23, 2010, the event was announced by the BIE. Expo 2015's theme was "Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life".

Milan International
The Milan International was a world's fair held in Milan in 1906 titled L'Esposizione Internazionale del Sempione, or sometimes The Great Expo of Work. It received 4,012,776 visits and covered 250 acres.
Minister of Mines (New Zealand)
The Minister of Mines in New Zealand was a former cabinet member appointed by the Prime Minister to be responsible for New Zealand's mining industries. The portfolio was abolished in 1977 and its responsibilities were assumed by the Minister of Energy.

Minister for Energy (New Zealand)
The Minister for Energy is a minister in the New Zealand Government with responsibility for the New Zealand Electricity Authority and Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority. The current Minister is Simon Watts.
Suttree
Suttree is a semi-autobiographical novel by Cormac McCarthy, published in 1979.  Set in Knoxville, Tennessee, over a four-year period starting in 1950, the novel follows Cornelius Suttree, who has repudiated his former life of privilege to become a fisherman on the Tennessee River.

The novel has a fragmented structure with many flashbacks and shifts in grammatical person. Suttree has been compared to James Joyce's Ulysses and John Steinbeck's Cannery Row, and called "a doomed Huckleberry Finn" by Jerome Charyn. Suttree was written over a 20-year span and is a departure from McCarthy's previous novels, being much longer, more sprawling in structure, and perhaps his most humorous.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
Dargah
A Sufi shrine or dargah is a shrine or tomb built over the grave of a revered religious figure, often a Sufi saint or dervish. Sufis often visit the shrine for ziyarat, a term associated with religious visitation and pilgrimages. Dargahs are often associated with Sufi eating and meeting rooms and hostels, called khanqah or hospices. They usually include a mosque, meeting rooms, Islamic religious schools (madrasas), residences for a teacher or caretaker, hospitals, and other buildings for community purposes.

Ajmer
Ajmer (pronounced [ədʒmeːr] ⓘ) is a city in the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Ajmer district and Ajmer division. It lies at the centre of Rajasthan, earning it the nickname the Heart of Rajasthan.

Ajmer is surrounded by the Aravalli Mountains.Ajmer has been a municipality since 1869. Ajmer has been selected as one of the heritage cities for the HRIDAY and Smart City Mission schemes of the Government of India.
RahMoc Enterprises
Rahmoc Enterprises is a former NASCAR Winston Cup team that operated from 1978 to 1993. The team was owned by long-time engine builder Bob Rahilly and Butch Mock. Rahilly and Mock split in 1992, with the race team becoming Butch Mock Motorsports in 1993.
Rahmoc Enterprises remains in operation today, with Dick and Bob Rahilly still building, servicing and supplying engines for many NASCAR teams. They also house race cars and manage several smaller race teams.

Bank of America 400
The Bank of America 400 is a NASCAR Cup Series race. The race is planned to return to the oval in October 2026. Historically, it was held annually in the fall from 1960 to 2017 at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina, United States. The speedway also hosts the Coca-Cola 600, held on Memorial Day weekend, a 600-mile (970 km) race. From 2018 to 2025, the race was replaced by a race on the "Roval" layout and was called the Bank of America Roval 400.
Knockloughrim
Knockloughrim or Knockcloghrim (from Irish Cnoc Clochdhroma, meaning 'hill of the stony ridge') is a small village near Maghera in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 186 people. Knockloughrim lies within the civil parish of Termoneeny and is part of the former barony of Loughinsholin. It is situated within the Mid Ulster District Council area.

Mid Ulster District Council
Mid Ulster District Council (Irish: Comhairle Ceantair Lár Uladh; Ulster-Scots: Mid Ulstèr Airts Cooncil) is a local authority that was established on 1 April 2015. It replaced Cookstown District Council, Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council and Magherafelt District Council. The first elections to the authority took place on 22 May 2014 and it acted as a shadow authority, prior to the creation of the Mid Ulster district on 1 April 2015.