hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2016 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2016 Tour de France was the 103rd edition of the cycle race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. On 24 November 2014, Amaury Sport Organisation announced that the race will depart, on 2 July 2016, from the French department of Manche, for the first time in the history of the Tour de France. The race had a stage finish in Andorra. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 24 July.

Saint-Gervais-les-Bains
Saint-Gervais-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɛʁvɛ le bɛ̃]; Savoyard: San-Zharvé) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France. The village is best known for tourism and has been a popular holiday destination since the early 1900s. It has 445 km (277 mi) of pistes, the third largest domain exclusively in France, and is one of the least busy ski areas of its size. In 1892, two hundred people were killed when a water pocket in a glacier above the town suddenly burst open and caused flooding.
2023–24 FPHL season
The 2023–24 Federal Prospects Hockey League season was the fourteenth season of the Federal Prospects Hockey League (FPHL). The regular season began on October 13, 2023, and concluded on April 13, 2023. The 2024 Commissioners Cup playoffs began on April 17. The finals between the Binghamton Black Bears and the Carolina Thunderbirds began on May 3 and ended on May 10 with a Binghamton victory.

Twin City Thunderbirds
The Twin City Thunderbirds (formerly the Carolina Thunderbirds) are a minor league professional hockey team located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and play in the Federal Prospects Hockey League. Their home games are played at the Winston-Salem Fairgrounds Arena.
Your Shape: Fitness Evolved
Your Shape: Fitness Evolved is a fitness game developed and published by Ubisoft. The game was released in November 2010 as a launch title for Kinect, a motion tracking sensor accessory for the Xbox 360. It was later ported to Japan for release on December 9, 2010. It is a sequel to  Your Shape, making it the second game in the franchise.

Fitness game
Fitness game, exergame, and gamercise (portmanteaus of "exercise" and "game") are terms used for video games that are also a form of exercise. Fitness games rely on technology that tracks body movement or reaction. The genre has been used to challenge the stereotype of gaming as a sedentary activity, and promoting an active lifestyle among gamers. Fitness games are seen as evolving from technology aimed at making exercise more fun.
Ramelius Resources
Ramelius Resources Limited is an Australian gold mining company headquartered in Perth, Western Australia. It is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX: RMS) and is a constituent of the S&P/ASX 200 index.

The company is a mid-tier gold producer that operates two major production and processing hubs in Western Australia: the Mt Magnet gold mine in the Murchison region and the Edna May gold mine in the Wheatbelt region. Ramelius uses a "hub and spoke" operating model, where ore from various satellite open pit and underground mines is transported to these central processing plants.

For the financial year ended 30 June 2025, the company reported record revenue of A$1.2 billion and a net profit after tax of A$474.2 million.

Hill 50 Gold Mine
The Hill 50 Gold Mine, now referred to as the Mount Magnet Gold Mine, is a gold mine located 4 km north-west of Mount Magnet, Western Australia. The mine was, until July 2010, owned by Harmony Gold and had been placed in care and maintenance since 2007. In July 2010, Harmony sold the mine to Ramelius Resources, owner of the Wattle Dam Gold Mine, for A$40 million.

The mine was, for a short time in 2008, owned by Monarch Gold Mining Company Ltd, who went into administration in June 2008. Hill 50 never entered production under Monarch's ownership. Throughout its history, since 1891, the mine has produced in excess of 5.6 million ounces of gold.
Telewizja Polsat
Telewizja Polsat is a Polish media company and broadcaster of television channels mainly under the Polsat brand.

In November 2010 Cyfrowy Polsat announced that it had acquired 100% of the Telewizja Polsat shares.

Wydarzenia 24
Wydarzenia 24 is a Polish all-news format TV channel, launched on 2 October 2006 as Superstacja. Prior to the Polsat takeover in 2018, STER, a company affiliated with Polsat's owner Zygmunt Solorz-Żak, was the channel's owner.
GJ 3634 b
GJ 3634 b (sometimes Gliese 3634 b) is a super-Earth exoplanet in the orbit of the nearby red dwarf GJ 3634 at approximately 64.5 light-years in constellation Hydra. The planet is approximately eight times the mass of Earth, and orbits its star every two and a half days at a distance of 0.0287 AU. The planet was the first to be discovered by a group of astronomers searching for exoplanets in the orbit of very-low-mass stars after the team reorganized their strategy, choosing to search for targets that they could also confirm using the transit method. However, a transit event associated with GJ 3634 b was not detected. The planet's discovery was published in Astronomy and Astrophysics on February 8, 2011.

Doppler spectroscopy
Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for finding extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.
As of January 2026, over 1,100 known extrasolar planets (about 19.0% of the total) have been discovered using Doppler spectroscopy.
Paddy Power Future Champions Novice Hurdle
The Paddy Power Future Champions Novice Hurdle is a Grade 1 National Hunt race in Ireland. It is run at Leopardstown Racecourse at the end of December during the Christmas Festival, over a distance of about 2 miles (3,219 metres) and during its running there are 8 hurdles to be jumped.

The race was originally run over 2 miles and 2 furlongs, before being reduced to its present distance in 1997. It was awarded Grade 1 status in 2008 and is seen as a key race prior to the Cheltenham Festival in March. The race is currently sponsored by the Paddy Power bookmaking company.

Leopardstown Racecourse
Leopardstown Racecourse 53°15′57″N 6°11′21″W﻿ / ﻿53.26583°N 6.18917°W﻿ / 53.26583; -6.18917 is a horse-racing course in Leopardstown, approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Dublin city centre, in Ireland. Like the majority of Irish courses, it hosts both National Hunt and Flat racing.

Built by Captain George Quin and modelled on Sandown Park Racecourse in England, it was completed in 1888 and acquired by the Horse Racing Board of Ireland in 1967. Many important races are held there; racing takes place all year round, with about 22 meetings per year.

In 1941, Royal Air Force pilot Hugh Verity, who flew many secret agents at night into and out of farm fields in France, force-landed on the racecourse. He was interned briefly before escaping back to England.

The Leopardstown Hall of Fame honours famous Irish horse racing trainers, jockeys and horses, including Vincent O'Brien, Tom Dreaper, Pat Taaffe and Pat Eddery, Arkle, Dawn Run, Levmoss and Nijinsky.
Melittia oedipus
Melittia oedipus, the African vine borer, is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It originates from Africa (where it is known from Equatorial Guinea, Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Kenya), but has been introduced in Hawaii to control ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis).

The wingspan is 10–15 mm.

The larvae feed on Coccinia grandis.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
1991 Kremlin Cup
The 1991 Kremlin Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 2nd edition of the Kremlin Cup, and was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Soviet Union, from 4 November through 10 November 1991. Fourth-seeded Andrei Cherkasov won the singles title.

1991 ATP Tour
The 1991 IBM ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP Tour. The IBM ATP Tour included the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series and the ATP Tour World Championships. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.
2019 English Greyhound Derby
The 2019 Star Sports, ARC & LPS Greyhound Derby took place during May and June with the final being held on 29 June 2019 at Nottingham Greyhound Stadium.

It was the first time that the event was held at Nottingham following the unexpected closure of Towcester Greyhound Stadium in 2018. The event was sponsored by Star Sports, ARC and LPS (Local Parking Security Services).

The winner Priceless Blake won £100,000 and was trained by Paul Hennessy, owned by Bryan and Kathleen Murphy.

The dates of the competition were: First round (24/25 May), Second round (31 May/1 June), Third round (7 June), Quarter-finals (15 June), Semi-finals (22 June) and final (29 June).

2018 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 2018 Boylesports Irish Greyhound Derby took place during August and September, with the final being held on 22 September at Shelbourne Park. 
The winner Ballyanne Sim was trained by James Robinson and owned by Eamon Cleary.

The competition was sponsored by Boylesports and the prize money was €300,000, of which €140,000 went to the winner. The winning breeder was Kathleen Pomfret.
Pediatric advanced life support
Pediatric advanced life support (PALS) is a course offered by the American Heart Association (AHA) for health care providers who take care of children and infants in the emergency room, critical care and intensive care units in the hospital, and out of hospital (emergency medical services (EMS)). The course teaches healthcare providers how to assess injured and sick children and recognize and treat respiratory distress/failure, shock, cardiac arrest, and arrhythmias.

Jugular venous pressure
The jugular venous pressure (JVP, sometimes referred to as jugular venous pulse) is the indirectly observed pressure over the venous system via visualization of the internal jugular vein. It can be useful in the differentiation of different forms of heart and lung disease.
Classically three upward deflections and two downward deflections have been described.

The upward deflections are the "a" (atrial contraction), "c" (ventricular contraction and resulting bulging of tricuspid into the right atrium during isovolumetric systole) and "v" (venous filling).

The downward deflections of the wave are the "x" descent (the atrium relaxes and the tricuspid valve moves downward) and the "y" descent (filling of ventricle after tricuspid opening).
2011 North Carolina Tar Heels baseball team
The 2011 North Carolina Tar Heels baseball team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball season. Head Coach Mike Fox was in his 13th year coaching the Tar Heels. They played their home games at Bryson Field at Boshamer Stadium and were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference's Coastal Division.

The Tar Heels reached the 2011 College World Series as the number 3 national seed, where they were eliminated by Vanderbilt.

2011 Vanderbilt Commodores baseball team
The 2011 Vanderbilt Commodores baseball team represented Vanderbilt University in the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The team played its home games at Hawkins Field in Nashville, Tennessee.  The team was coached by Tim Corbin in his ninth season at Vanderbilt.

The Commodores reached the 2011 College World Series, falling in the semifinals to runner-up Florida.
Grade (ring theory)
In commutative and homological algebra, the grade of a finitely generated module  over a Noetherian ring  is a cohomological invariant defined by vanishing of Ext-modules

For an ideal  the grade is defined via the quotient ring viewed as a module over

The grade is used to define perfect ideals. In general we have the inequality

where the projective dimension is another cohomological invariant.

The grade is tightly related to the depth, since

Under the same conditions on  and  as above, one also defines the -grade of  as

This notion is tied to the existence of maximal -sequences contained in  of length .

Quotient ring
In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a quotient ring, also known as factor ring, difference ring or residue class ring, is a construction quite similar to the quotient group in group theory and to the quotient space in linear algebra. It is a specific example of a quotient, as viewed from the general setting of universal algebra. Starting with a ring  and a two-sided ideal  in ⁠⁠, a new ring, the quotient ring ⁠⁠, is constructed, whose elements are the cosets of  in  subject to special  and  operations. Quotient ring notation almost always uses a fraction slash "⁠⁠"; stacking the ring over the ideal using a horizontal line as a separator is uncommon and generally avoided.

Quotient rings are distinct from the "quotient field", or field of fractions, of an integral domain as well as from the more general "rings of quotients" obtained by localization.
Pringle of Scotland Tournament
The Pringle of Scotland Tournament was a golf tournament played from 1964 to 1967 in the United Kingdom. The sponsor was clothing company Pringle of Scotland. The total prize money was £4,000.

Pringle of Scotland sponsored the PGA Seniors Championship from 1969 to 1974.

PGA Seniors Championship
The PGA Seniors Championship is a European Senior Tour golf tournament for men aged fifty and above. It was founded in 1957 and became part of the European Senior Tour on its founding in 1992. It was not held in 2016 or 2017 but returned in 2018 as the Staysure PGA Seniors Championship.

It is the oldest important seniors tournament in Europe and, together with the Senior Open Championship, one of only two current events that predate the founding of the European Senior Tour in 1992. The PGA Seniors Championship and the Senior Open Championship are also the only two Europe-based events on the European Senior Tour that are played over 72 holes.
John H. Biggs
John H. Biggs (born July 19, 1936) is a former director of Boeing from their 1997 merger with McDonnell Douglas until May 2011, and the National Bureau of Economic Research as well as a trustee of Washington University in St. Louis. He was previously chairman and chief executive officer of financial services company TIAA-CREF from January 1993 until November 2002.

TIAA
The Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America-College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA, formerly TIAA-CREF) is an American financial services organization that is a private provider of financial retirement services in the academic, research, medical, cultural and governmental fields. TIAA is listed on the Fortune 100 and serves over 5 million active and retired employees participating at more than 15,000 institutions and has $1 trillion in combined assets under management with holdings in more than 50 countries (as of December 31, 2017).
L'Étang-Salé
L'Étang-Salé (French pronunciation: [letɑ̃ sale] ⓘ; French for The Salty Pond) is a commune in southwestern Réunion, a department in the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by the communes of Les Avirons and Saint-Louis. Within the commune is the Étang-Salé forest. There is also a beach with black sand in the commune that is a popular surfing spot.

Saint-Louis, Réunion
Saint-Louis (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ lwi] ⓘ; Reunionese Creole: Sin Loui) is the fifth-largest commune in the French overseas department of Réunion. It is located on the southwest part of the island of Réunion, adjacent to Saint-Pierre.
Béatrix Excoffon
Béatrix Excoffon, born Julia Euvrie or Œuvrie (10 July 1849 - 30 December 1916) was a militant communard who served as an ambulance nurse during the Paris Commune in 1871. She was vice-president of the Club des Femmes de la Boule Noire, and was known as "the republican".

Communards
The Communards (French: [kɔmynaʁ]) were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Communes in France formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

After the suppression of the Paris Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 fled abroad. The number of Communard soldiers killed in combat or executed afterwards during the week has long been disputed—Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray put the number at 20,000, while estimates by more recent historians put the probable number between 10,000 and 15,000. 7,500 were jailed or deported under arrangements which continued until a general amnesty during the 1880s; this action by Adolphe Thiers forestalled the proto-communist movement in the French Third Republic (1871–1940).
The Little Rascals (film)
The Little Rascals is a 1994 American family comedy film produced by Amblin Entertainment, and released by Universal Pictures on August 5, 1994. The film is an adaptation of Hal Roach's Our Gang, a series of short films of the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s (many of which were broadcast on television as The Little Rascals) which centered on the adventures of a group of neighborhood children. Directed by Penelope Spheeris, who co-wrote the screenplay with Paul Guay and Stephen Mazur, the film presents several of the Our Gang characters in an updated setting, featuring re-interpretations of several of the original shorts. It is the first collaboration by Guay and Mazur, whose subsequent comedies were Liar Liar and Heartbreakers.

A sequel, The Little Rascals Save the Day, also based on Our Gang, was released as a direct-to-video feature in 2014.

Liar Liar
Liar Liar is a 1997 American fantasy comedy film starring Jim Carrey as a lawyer who built his entire career on lying only to find himself cursed to speak only the truth for a single day. He struggles to maintain his career and to reconcile with his ex-wife and son whom he alienated with his pathological lying. The film was directed by Tom Shadyac, and is the second of three collaborations between Carrey and Shadyac, the first being Ace Ventura: Pet Detective.

Liar Liar was released in the United States on March 18, 1997 by Universal Pictures. The film received positive reviews from critics, and grossed $303 million against a budget of $45 million. At the 55th Golden Globe Awards, Carrey was nominated for Best Actor.
Amdo railway station
Amdo railway station (Chinese: 安多站) is the Qinghai–Tibet Railway station in Amdo County, Nagchu, Tibet, China.
The station is located 1,524 km (947 mi) from Xining Railway Station.

With an elevation of 4,702 m, Amdo station is one of the highest altitude railway station in the world. Serving the township of Pana, seat of Amdo County, the station is also one of the highest railway station with a regular passenger service schedule: two passenger services are available at this station each day.

Xining railway station
Xining railway station (simplified Chinese: 西宁站; traditional Chinese: 西寧站; pinyin: Xīníng Zhàn) is the main railway station serving the city of Xining in Qinghai, China. It is the first station on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway which connects the city with Lhasa in Tibet.
Scieropepla typhicola
Scieropepla typhicola is a moth of the family Oecophoridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1885. It is found in Australia (the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Queensland) and New Zealand.

The larvae bore in the flower heads of Typha species (including Typha angustifolia).

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Foreign exchange regulation
Foreign exchange regulation is a form of financial regulation specifically aimed at the Forex market that is decentralized and operates with no central exchange or clearing house. Due to its decentralized and global nature, the foreign exchange market has been more prone to foreign exchange fraud and has been less regulated than other financial markets.

However, some countries do regulate forex brokers through governmental and independent supervisory bodies, for example, the National Futures Association and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in the US, the Australian Securities & Investments Commission in Australia, and the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK. These bodies act as watchdogs for their respective markets and provide financial licenses to organizations that comply with local regulations.

Financial regulation
Financial regulation is a broad set of policies that apply to the financial sector in most jurisdictions, justified by two main features of finance: systemic risk, which implies that the failure of financial firms involves public interest considerations; and information asymmetry, which justifies curbs on freedom of contract in selected areas of financial services, particularly those that involve retail clients and/or principal–agent problems. An integral part of financial regulation is the supervision of designated financial firms and markets by specialized authorities such as securities commissions and bank supervisors.

In some jurisdictions, certain aspects of financial supervision are delegated to self-regulatory organizations. Financial regulation forms one of three legal categories which constitutes the content of financial law, the other two being market practices and case law.
Holy Trinity Church, Smethwick
Holy Trinity Church is an Anglican church in Smethwick, West Midlands, England, and in the Diocese of Birmingham. The building is Grade II listed. The church dates originally from 1837, and was rebuilt on a larger scale in 1889.

Smethwick
Smethwick (/ˈsmɛðɪk/) is an industrial town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England. It lies 4 miles (6 km) west of Birmingham city centre. Historically it was in Staffordshire and then Worcestershire before being placed into West Midlands county.

In 2019, the ward of Smethwick had an estimated population of 15,246, while the wider built-up area subdivision has a population of 53,653.
John Frazer (cricketer)
John Ewan Frazer (2 April 1901 – 2 January 1927) played first-class cricket for Somerset, Sussex and Oxford University between 1921 and 1924. He was born at Sydney, Australia and died following a ski-ing accident at Davos, Switzerland.

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom. The description "Bible of cricket" (or variations thereof) has been applied to Wisden since the early 1900s.

Between 1998 and 2005, an Australian edition of Wisden was published. An Indian version, edited by Suresh Menon, was produced annually from 2013 to 2018, but discontinued following the publication of a combined 2019 and 2020 issue.