hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2-12-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-12-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle (usually in a leading truck), twelve powered and coupled driving wheels on six axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle (usually in a trailing truck).

UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements
The UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements, sometimes known as the German classification or German system, describes the wheel arrangement of locomotives, multiple units and trams. It is used in much of the world, notable exceptions being the United Kingdom and North America.

The classification system is managed by the International Union of Railways (UIC).
Hungarian–Ottoman War (1521–1526)
The Ottoman–Hungarian War of 1521–1526 – an armed conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary, which effectively ended the independence of the Kingdom of Hungary and began the period of Ottoman conquest of the Middle Danube.

Petrovaradin
Petrovaradin (Serbian Cyrillic: Петроварадин, pronounced [petroʋarǎdiːn]) is a historic town in the Serbian province of Vojvodina, now a part of the city of Novi Sad. As of 2011, the urban area has 14,810 inhabitants. Lying on the right bank of the Danube, across the main part of Novi Sad, it is built around the Petrovaradin Fortress, the historical anchor of the modern city.
Neopallasia
Neopallasia is a  genus of Asian flowering plants in the chamomile tribe within the daisy family. Molecular data indicate that Neopallasia is closely related to Seriphidium and could be easily included with that genus.

Species

The only accepted species is Neopallasia pectinata.  Neopallasia pectinata is an erect herb, 12–40 cm tall with pinnately divided sessile oblong-elliptic leaves.  This plant of deserts grows in gravelly river valleys and wastelands at 1300–3400 m elevation.  This variable species is known from northern and western China (provinces of Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Tibet) as well as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, and Russia (Altay and Chita).

Anthemideae
Anthemideae is a tribe of flowering plants in the subfamily Asteroideae, which is part of the family Asteraceae. They are distributed worldwide, with concentrations in central Asia, the Mediterranean Basin, and southern Africa. Most species of plant known as chamomile belong to genera of this tribe.

As of 2006 there were about 1800 species classified in 111 genera. In 2007 the tribe was divided into 14 subtribes, including Glebionidinae, the source of hybrid garden marguerites.
Hokke Shintō
Hokke Shintō (法華神道, lit. "Lotus Shintō") refers to a form of devotion to the Japanese kami (deities) based on the doctrine of the Lotus Sutra (Hokke-kyō) and its idea of "opening and integrating" (開会, kaie) all teachings.

Nichiren-shū
Nichiren Shū (日蓮宗, School of Nichiren) is a combination of several schools ranging from four of the original Nichiren Buddhist schools that date back to Nichiren's original disciples, and part of the fifth:
Hodogaya-juku
Hodogaya-juku (程ヶ谷宿, Hodogaya-juku) was the fourth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in Hodogaya-ku in the present-day city of Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Occasionally, it is also written as 保土ヶ谷宿.

Tōkaidō (road)
The Tōkaidō road (東海道, Tōkaidō; [to̞ːka̠ido̞ː]), which roughly means "eastern sea route," was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period in Japan, connecting Kyoto to the de facto capital of Japan at Edo (modern-day Tokyo). Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name.

The Tōkaidō was first used in ancient times as a route from Kyoto to Hitachi Province (central Honshu) before the Edo period.
Remedios District
Remedios District (Spanish pronunciation: [reˈmeðjos]) is a district (distrito) of Chiriquí Province in Panama. The population according to the 2000 census was 3,489. The district covers a total area of 168 km2. The capital lies at the city of Remedios.

Chiriquí Province
Chiriquí, officially the Chiriquí Province (Spanish: Provincia de Chiriquí, pronounced [tʃiɾiˈki]), is a province of Panama located on the western coast; it is the second most developed province in the country, after Panamá Province. Its capital is the city of David. It has a total area of 6,490.9 km2, with a population of 471,071 as of the year 2023.
The province of Chiriquí is bordered to the north by the province of Bocas del Toro, to the west by Costa Rica, to the east by the province of Veraguas, and to the south by the Pacific Ocean, specifically the Gulf of Chiriquí.
Yew Tree Tarn
Yew Tree Tarn is a small lake in the English Lake District situated in between the towns of Ambleside and Coniston. The tarn was formed when the local landowner dammed the Yewdale Beck in the 1930s and stocked the lake with trout. Currently, fishing for brown and rainbow trout is controlled and managed by the Coniston and Torver Angling Association. A usable footpath runs around the periphery of the tarn not bordered by the main road.

In July 2010, volunteers from the South Lakes Rivers Trust and the Coniston and Crake Partnership removed most of the fish from the tarn in order to avoid kill off from low water levels due to a local drought. The fish were moved to the nearby beck.

Ambleside
Ambleside is a town in the civil parish of Lakes and the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Westmorland and located in the Lake District National Park, the town sits at the head of Windermere, England's largest natural lake. In 2022 the built up area had an estimated population of 2,586.
Claudia Benitez-Nelson
Claudia Benitez-Nelson is an American oceanographer whose research focuses on marine geochemistry and biogeochemistry. A Carolina Distinguished Professor, she serves as the Senior Associate Dean for College Initiatives and Interdisciplinary Programs at the University of South Carolina’s College of Arts and Sciences.

Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
The Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO), formerly known as the Limnological Society of America and the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, is a scientific society established in 1936 with the goal of advancing the sciences of limnology and oceanography. With approximately 4,000 members in nearly 60 countries, ASLO is the largest scientific society, worldwide, devoted to either limnology or oceanography or both.
Kalman decomposition
In control theory, a Kalman decomposition provides a mathematical means to convert a representation of any linear time-invariant (LTI) control system to a form in which the system can be decomposed into a standard form which makes clear the observable and controllable components of the system. This decomposition results in the system being presented with a more illuminating structure, making it easier to draw conclusions on the system's reachable and observable subspaces.

Realization (systems)
In systems theory, a realization of a state space model is an  implementation of a given input-output behavior.  That is, given an input-output relationship, a realization is a quadruple of (time-varying) matrices  such that

with  describing the input and output of the system at time .
Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.9), (which can also be called MCD and malonyl-CoA carboxyl-lyase) is found in bacteria and humans and has important roles in regulating fatty acid metabolism and food intake, and it is an attractive target for drug discovery. It is an enzyme associated with Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. In humans, it is encoded by the MLYCD gene.

Its main function is to catalyze the conversion of malonyl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. It is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. To some degree, it reverses the action of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
Jakob Ulrich
Jakob Ulrich (23 September 1856, in Waltalingen – 5 September 1906, in Zürich) was a Swiss Romance philologist.

He studied Indo-European linguistics and Romance philology in Zürich and Paris, where his teachers included Gaston Paris and Paul Meyer. In 1879 he received his doctorate at Zürich under the direction of Heinrich Schweizer-Sidler with the thesis Die formelle Entwicklung des Participium Praeteriti in den romanischen Sprachen. In 1880 he obtained his habilitation for Romance philology at the University of Zürich, where in 1901 he attained a full professorship. After his death, he was succeeded at the university by Louis Gauchat.

Gaston Paris
Bruno Paulin Gaston Paris (French pronunciation: [ɡastɔ̃ paʁis]; 9 August 1839 – 5 March 1903) was a French literary historian, philologist, and scholar specialized in Romance studies and medieval French literature. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901, 1902, and 1903.
Sønderborg railway station
Sønderborg station (Danish: Sønderborg Banegård or Sønderborg Station, previously Sønderborg H) is a railway station serving the city of Sønderborg in Southern Jutland, Denmark. The station is located on the west side of the Alssund, next to the Alsion science and culture centre.

Sønderborg station is the eastern terminus of the Tinglev–Sønderborg railway line, which connects it to the Fredericia–Padborg railway line and the rest of the Danish rail network at Tinglev. The station opened in 1901. It offers frequent direct InterCity services to Kolding, Odense and Copenhagen.

Odense station
Odense Station (Danish: Odense Banegård Center) is the main railway station serving the city of Odense, Denmark. It is located in central Odense, on the northern edge of the historic town centre, and lies immediately adjacent to the Odense bus station and a stop on the Odense Tramway.

Situated as a major station on the Copenhagen–Fredericia/Taulov line, it is also the terminus of the Svendborgbanen railway line between Odense and Svendborg. The first station in Odense, now demolished, opened in 1865 as the railway line across the island of Funen was completed. The current station building opened in 1995.
Gloucester tabula set
The Gloucester tabula set is the earliest surviving board and complete set of counters for the game tabula, a tables game and possible predecessor of backgammon. Dating from the 11th or early 12th century, it is an example of Romanesque art. Discovered on the site of Gloucester Castle in 1983, in the English city of Gloucester, it is now on display in the Museum of Gloucester.

Gloucester Castle
51°51′47″N 2°14′56″W﻿ / ﻿51.863°N 2.249°W﻿ / 51.863; -2.249

Gloucester Castle was a Norman-era royal castle situated in the city of Gloucester in Gloucestershire, England. It was demolished in 1787 and replaced by Gloucester Prison.
US Yachts US 25
The US Yachts US 25 is an American trailerable sailboat, that was designed by Gary Mull and first built in 1981. The design is out of production.

Derived from the Buccaneer 250, the US 25 was later developed into the Triton 25 and produced by Pearson Yachts.

Trailer sailer
A trailer sailer is a keelboat that is big enough to accommodate crew for a weekend cruise, yet small enough to be launched, rigged, and recovered single-handed. It is also relatively easy to haul on a trailer behind a car, which requires low displacement and a shallow draft.

Although many small yachts can in principle be moved on a trailer, not all qualify as trailer sailers. The term is generally reserved for cabin sailboats intended for regular ramp launching. It does not apply to dinghies or small open keelboats under about 19 feet, since these are almost always easy to tow due to their characteristic light weight and shallow draft.
Gordon Atkins
Gordon Lee Atkins (born 5 March 1937) is a Canadian retired architect. During a career lasting from 1960 to 1999, he practiced primarily in Calgary, although he designed several projects elsewhere in western Canada. Along with contemporaries including Peter Hemingway, Jack Long, and Douglas Cardinal, Atkins is credited with developing a distinct Canadian prairie style of architecture. In 1967 Atkins became the first Albertan to receive the Massey Medal for Architecture.

Douglas Cardinal
Douglas Joseph Cardinal OC FRAIC (born 7 March 1934) is a Canadian architect based in Ottawa, Ontario. His architecture is influenced by his Indigenous heritage, as well as European Expressionist architecture. Cardinal designed the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Quebec, and the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, DC.
Emkendorf
Emkendorf is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

The location of Emkendorf is south of the municipality of Osterrönfeld, Schülldorf, Haßmoor or Westensee, but north of Bokel and Groß Vollstedt.

Osterrönfeld
Osterrönfeld is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the Kiel Canal, approx. 2 km southeast of Rendsburg.

Osterrönfeld is also the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Eiderkanal, which consists of the following municipalities:

Bovenau

Haßmoor

Ostenfeld

Osterrönfeld

Rade b. Rendsburg

Schacht-Audorf

Schülldorf
Isnad
In the Islamic study of hadith, an isnād (chain of transmitters, or literally "supporting"; Arabic: اِسْناد) refers to a list of people who passed on a tradition, from the original authority to whom the tradition is attributed to, to the present person reciting or compiling that tradition. The tradition an isnad is associated with is called the matn. Isnads are an important feature of the genre of Islamic literature known as hadith and are prioritized in the process that seeks to determine if the tradition in question is authentic or inauthentic.

According to the traditional Islamic view, the tradition of the hadith sciences has succeeded in the use of isnads to distinguish between authentic and inauthentic traditions going back to Muhammad and his companions. The contemporary view in modern hadith studies, however, is that isnads were commonly susceptible to forgery and so had to be scrutinized before being used to guarantee the transmission of a tradition.

Joseph Schacht
Joseph Franz Schacht (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːzɛf ʃaxt] ⓘ, 15 March 1902 – 1 August 1969) was a British-German professor of Arabic and Islam at Columbia University in New York. He was the leading Western scholar in the areas of Islamic law and hadith studies, whose Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence (1950) is still considered a centrally important work on the subject. The author of many articles in the first and second editions of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, Schacht also co-edited the second edition of The Legacy of Islam and authored a textbook titled An Introduction to Islamic Law (1964).
Jiang Gan
Jiang Gan (fl. 209), courtesy name Ziyi, was a debater and scholar who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He is best known for his attempt to persuade Zhou Yu, a general serving under the warlord Sun Quan, to defect to Sun Quan's rival Cao Cao after the Battle of Red Cliffs in the winter of 208–209. In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the entire incident not only takes place before the battle, but is also heavily dramatised and exaggerated.

Pei Songzhi
Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a Chinese historian and politician who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and the Liu Song dynasty. His ancestral home was in Wenxi County, Shanxi, but he moved to the Jiangnan region later. He is best known for making annotations to the historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi) written by Chen Shou in the third century, providing additional details omitted from the original work. His commentary, completed in 429, became integral to later editions of the Sanguozhi, making the joint work three times as long as the original. His son, Pei Yin (裴駰), and great-grandson Pei Ziye (裴子野), were also well-known historians.
Maureen (album)
Maureen is the third studio album by German recording artist Joy Denalane. It was released by Nesola Records and Four Music on May 20, 2011, in German-speaking Europe. Her first German-language studio album since Mamani (2002), it takes its title from Denalane's middle name. Incorporating neo soul, R&B and hip hop styles, it features production and songwriting credits from Steve McKie, Anthony Bell, Kahedi, Paul "Gooch" Cantor, Bilal and Denalane's husband Max Herre.

Upon its release, Maureen earned a mixed response from critics who complimented its production but found that the album lacked depth. On the charts, it debuted number eight on the German Albums Chart. Elsewhere, the album peaked at number thirty-six in Austria and number eleven on the Swiss Albums Chart. Spawning four singles, including lead single "Niemand (Was wir nicht tun)," an English language version of Maureen was released in March 2012.

Mamani (album)
Mamani (Tsonga: Mother) is the debut studio album by German singer Joy Denalane. It was released by Four Music in association with Columbia Records on June 3, 2002 in German-speaking Europe. Chiefly produced by Max Herre, Mamani peaked at number 8 on the German Albums Chart and was certified Gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI). It spawned six singles, including "Sag's Mir", "Geh Jetzt", "Was Auch Immer", "Im Ghetto von Soweto", "Kinderlied" and "Höchste Zeit."
Liberdade (district of São Paulo)
Liberdade (Portuguese: [libeʁˈdadʒi], liberty; Japanese: リベルダージ, romanized: Riberudāji) is the name of a district in the subprefecture of Sé, in São Paulo, Brazil. Liberdade is known as a Japantown, although the Japanese presence did not occur throughout the neighborhood, but in specific streets. Japanese immigrants started settling in the region in 1912, coming from the interior of São Paulo, as many did not adapt to working on coffee farms and started looking for better opportunities in the capital. Even today, the neighborhood is famous for its typically Japanese restaurants and shops, as well as its oriental elites and signs in Japanese.

Currently, the majority of Japanese people and their descendants no longer live in the neighborhood, only maintaining their commercial establishments in the region. With the departure of the Japanese, the region began to receive many Chinese and Korean immigrants.

Line 1 (São Paulo Metro)
Line 1 (Blue) (Portuguese: Linha 1–Azul) is one of the six lines that make up the São Paulo Metro and one of the thirteen lines that make up the Metropolitan Rail Transportation Network. It was the first line built for the São Paulo Metro and also the first metro line built in Brazil. It links Tucuruvi Station to Jabaquara Station. Construction began in the late 1960s and was completed in the early 1970s.
2019 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship
The 2019 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship was the second staging of the Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board.

The final was played on 19 October 2019 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Seir Kieran and Clodiagh Gaels, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Seir Kieran won the match by 1–20 to 0–14 to claim their first ever championship title.

Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Systems Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship and abbreviated to the Offaly SBHC) is an annual hurling competition organised by the Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association from 2018 for the second tier senior hurling teams in the county of Offaly in Ireland.

In its current format, the Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship begins with a group stage. The six participating teams play each other in a round-robin system. The four top-ranking teams proceed to the knockout phase that culminates with the final match at Glenisk O'Connor Park. The winner of the Offaly Senior B Championship qualifies for the subsequent Leinster Intermediate Club Championship.

Lusmagh are the title holders after defeating Carrig & Riverstown by 1–19 to 0–19 in the 2025 final.
Henri Ledroit
Henri Ledroit (Villacourt, 1946 - Nancy, France, 1988) was a French counter-tenor, the first in France of the modern revival in that voice range. Originally training to be a baritone in 1972 he met Alfred Deller and decided to train as a countertenor. He made many of the earliest recordings of pieces later to become standards of baroque countertenor repertoire - for example his Orphée Descendant aux Enfers H 471 of Marc-Antoine Charpentier.

Ledroit died in 1988 at the age of 42 as a result of complications from AIDS.

Alfred Deller
Alfred George Deller, CBE (31 May 1912 – 16 July 1979), was an English singer and one of the main figures in popularising the return of the countertenor voice in Renaissance and Baroque music during the 20th century.

He is sometimes referred to as the "godfather of the countertenor". His style in singing lute song, with extensive use of rubato and extemporised ornamentation, was seen as radical and controversial in his day but is now considered the norm.

Deller was an influential figure in the renaissance of early music: an early proponent of "original instrument performance" and one of the first to bring this form to the popular consciousness through his broadcasts on the BBC. He also founded the Stour Music Festival in 1962, one of the first and most important early music festivals in the world.
ArenaBowl XVI
ArenaBowl XVI was played between the San Jose SaberCats and Arizona Rattlers in San Jose, California on August 18, 2002. A game with considerable expectations given the teams' intense rivalry and respective success that year, the SaberCats surprised everyone by posting the most dominant victory in ArenaBowl history, holding the Rattlers scoreless until the final period, and winning the game by the lopsided score of 52–14 to earn their first Arena Football League title in franchise history. Arizona's 14 points are the second-lowest in ArenaBowl history, just above the Chicago Bruisers' 13 points in ArenaBowl II. With the SaberCats' victory, Darren Arbet also became the first African-American head coach to win a North American pro football championship.

ArenaBowl II
Arena Bowl '88 (or Arena Bowl II) was the Arena Football League's second championship game. The game featured the number 2 Detroit Drive (9–3) against the number 1 Chicago Bruisers (10–1–1). With 37 combined points it is the lowest-scoring ArenaBowl in history. Chicago's 13 points are the fewest points by a single team in Arenabowl history.