hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2004 BDO Curling Classic
2004 BDO Curling Classic was held November 4–7, 2004 at the Glendale Golf & Country Club in Hamilton, Ontario. The total purse of the event was $100,000. It was the first of four (men's) Grand Slam events of the 2004-05 curling season, and it is considered to be that season's version of The National event.

Edmonton's Kevin Martin rink overcame a 5–0 deficit to defeat Winnipeg's Jeff Stoughton team in the final, 10–9. Team Martin picked up $30,000 for the win.

Sportsnet covered the semifinal and final on television.

National (curling)
The National is a curling tournament that is one of the five events that are part of the Grand Slam of Curling tour, and one of its four "majors".

The event was re-branded in 2025 to the KIOTI GSOC Tahoe to reflect the event being held outside of Canada. The 2004–05 event was also re-branded as the BDO Curling Classic.
Mymanu
Mymanu is a trading brand of CEH Technologies Ltd, a British electronics company known for developing innovative audio hardware and software, founded in 2014 by Danny Manu. The company is known for its CLIK translation earbuds, Gabby Smart speakers, and the MyJuno app.

Consumer Electronics Show
CES (formerly an initialism for Consumer Electronics Show) is an annual trade show organized by the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). Held in January at the Las Vegas Convention Center in Winchester, Nevada, United States, the event typically hosts presentations of new products and technologies in the consumer electronics industry.
Nathan Crowley
Nathan Crowley (born 28 February 1966) is an English production designer and a former art director, who is best known for his collaborations with Christopher Nolan. He has been nominated seven times for an Academy Award for Best Production Design for The Prestige (2006), The Dark Knight (2008), Interstellar (2014), Dunkirk (2017), First Man (2018), Tenet (2020), and Wicked (2024), for which he won.

For The Prestige, he was nominated with set decorator Julie Ochipinti, for The Dark Knight, he was nominated with set decorator Peter Lando, for Interstellar and Dunkirk, he was nominated with set decorator Gary Fettis, for First Man and Tenet, he was nominated with set decorator Kathy Lucas, and he was nominated with set decorator Lee Sandales for Wicked. Crowley was also nominated six times for the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design for Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), Interstellar (2014), Dunkirk (2017), First Man (2018) and Wicked (2024) for which he won.

Lee Sandales
Lee Sandales (born December 1971) is an English set decorator. He is mostly known for his work on the films War Horse (2011), Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Rogue One (2016), 1917 (2019), and Wicked (2024). Throughout his career, he has been nominated for three Academy Awards, winning for Wicked and has been nominated for four BAFTA Awards, winning two of them – in 2020 for 1917, and in 2025 for Wicked.
2019 Subang Football League
The 2019 Subang League was the second season of the Subang Football League, the fourth-tier football league in Malaysia competition featuring semi-professional and amateur clubs. It is a part of Malaysia M4 League. The season started on 6 July 2019.

Malaysia A2 Amateur League
The Malaysia A2 Amateur League (Malay: Liga A2 Amatur Malaysia), previously known as the Malaysia M4 League and the Al-Ikhsan Cup due to sponsorship reasons, is the third tier football league in the Malaysian football league system. It was created in 2018 as part of the Malaysian Football League's plan to reform the competition structure.
Urine flow rate
Urine flow rate or urinary flow rate is the volumetric flow rate of urine during urination. It is a measure of the quantity of urine excreted in a specified period of time (per second or per minute). It is measured with uroflowmetry, a type of flow measurement.

The letters "V" (for volume) and "Q" (a conventional symbol for flow rate) are both used as a symbol for urine flow rate. The V often has a dot (overdot), that is, V̇ ("V-dot"). Qmax indicates the maximum flow rate. Qmax is used as an indicator for the diagnosis of enlarged prostate. A lower Qmax may indicate that the enlarged prostate puts pressure on the urethra, partially occluding it.

Uroflowmetry is performed by urinating into a special urinal, toilet, or disposable device that has a measuring device built in. The average rate changes with age. Teenage boys and younger men tend to have the fastest urine flow rates.

Volumetric flow rate
In physics and engineering, in particular fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate (also known as volume flow rate, or volume velocity) is the volume of fluid which passes per unit time; usually it is represented by the symbol Q (sometimes ). Its SI unit is cubic metres per second (m3/s).

It contrasts with mass flow rate, which is the other main type of fluid flow rate. In most contexts a mention of "rate of fluid flow" is likely to refer to the volumetric rate. In hydrometry, the volumetric flow rate is known as discharge.

The volumetric flow rate across a unit area is called volumetric flux, as defined by Darcy's law and represented by the symbol q. Conversely, the integration of a volumetric flux over a given area gives the volumetric flow rate.
Penn State Cancer Institute
The Penn State Cancer Institute is a cancer research center of the Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center located in Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Institute provides clinical care, research, education, and community outreach services throughout central and eastern Pennsylvania. It serves approximately 3,000 inpatients and 22,500 outpatients annually.

Hershey, Pennsylvania
Hershey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is home to the Hershey Company, which was founded by candy magnate Milton S. Hershey, and Hersheypark, an amusement park.

The community is located 14 miles (23 km) east of Harrisburg and is part of the Harrisburg metropolitan area. Hershey has no legal status as an incorporated municipality, and all its municipal services are provided by Derry Township. The population was 13,858 at the 2020 census.

Hershey is also located 68.817 miles (110.750 km) north of Baltimore, Maryland, 75.2 miles (121.0 km) southwest of Allentown and 94.5 miles (152.1 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
José María Castell
José María Castell García de la Cruz (24 September 1896 – 13 October 1981) was a Spanish footballer who played as a midfielder. Castell was one of the most important figures of Madrid FC at the beginning and middle of the 20th last century, as a player, captain, manager and even as an architect.

Campeonato Regional Centro
The Campeonato Regional Centro (Spanish for Central Regional Championship) was an annual association football competition for clubs based primarily in the Castile region of Spain, including the Community of Madrid, during the first half of the 20th century. The competition was organised by the  Madrid Football Federation and first held in 1903 as the Campeonato de Madrid (Madrid Championship) and renamed as the Campeonato Regional de Madrid (Madrid Regional Championship) for the 1906–1913 seasons. The Royal Spanish Football Federation, founded on 29 September 1913, began organising the competition from 1913. It was called the Campeonato Regional Centro between 1913 and 1931, the Campeonato Regional Mancomunado (Joint Championship) from 1932 to 1936, and the Campeonato Regional del Centro (Regional Championship of the Centre) during its final season in 1939–40.
Aluminium chlorohydrate
Aluminium chlorohydrate is a group of water-soluble, specific aluminium salts having the general formula AlnCl3n−m(OH)m. It is used in cosmetics as an antiperspirant and as a coagulant in water purification.

In water purification, this compound is preferred in some cases because of its high charge, which makes it more effective at destabilizing and removing suspended materials than other aluminium salts such as aluminium sulfate, aluminium chloride and various forms of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and polyaluminium chlorosulfate, in which the aluminium structure results in a lower net charge than aluminium chlorohydrate. Further, the high degree of neutralization of the HCl results in minimal impact on treated water pH when compared to other aluminium and iron salts.

Keggin structure
The Keggin structure is the best known structural form for heteropoly acids. It is the structural form of α-Keggin anions, having a general formula of [XM12O40]n−, where X is the heteroatom (most commonly are pentavalent phosphorus PV, tetravalent silicon SiIV, or trivalent boron BIII), M is the addendum atom (most common are molybdenum Mo and tungsten W), and O represents oxygen. The structure self-assembles in acidic aqueous solution and is a commonly used as a type of polyoxometalate catalysts.
Balezinsky District
Balezinsky District (Russian: Балези́нский райо́н; Udmurt: Балезино ёрос, Balezino joros) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 2,434.7 square kilometers (940.0 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Balezino. Population: 34,617 (2010 Census); 38,443 (2002 Census); 43,555 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Balezino accounts for 46.6% of the district's total population.

State Council of the Udmurt Republic
The State Council of the Udmurt Republic (Russian: Государственный Совет Удмуртской Республики; Udmurt: Удмурт Элькунлэн Кун Кенешез) is the regional parliament of Udmurtia, a federal subject of Russia. A total of 60 deputies are elected for five-year terms.

It succeeded the Supreme Council of the Udmurt Republic in 1994. Initially 100 deputies were elected to the State Council. This number was later reduced to 90, and then to 60.

The presiding officer is the Chairman of the State Council of Udmurtia.
Pseudolysin
Pseudolysin (EC 3.4.24.26, Pseudomonas elastase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa neutral metalloproteinase) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Hydrolysis of proteins including elastin, collagen types III and IV, fibronectin and immunoglobulin A, generally with bulky hydrophobic group at P1'. Insulin B chain cleavage pattern identical to that of thermolysin, but specificity differs in other respects

This enzyme belongs to the peptidase family M4 (thermolysin family).

Thermolysin
Thermolysin (EC 3.4.24.27, Bacillus thermoproteolyticus neutral proteinase, thermoase, thermoase Y10, TLN) is a thermostable neutral metalloproteinase enzyme produced by the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus thermoproteolyticus. It requires one zinc ion for enzyme activity and four calcium ions for structural stability. Thermolysin specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds containing hydrophobic amino acids. However thermolysin is also widely used for peptide bond formation through the reverse reaction of hydrolysis. Thermolysin is the most stable member of a family of metalloproteinases produced by various Bacillus species. These enzymes are also termed 'neutral' proteinases or thermolysin -like proteinases (TLPs).
Hastings District Council
Hastings District Council (Māori: Te Kaunihera ā-Rohe o Heretaunga) is the territorial authority for the Hastings District of New Zealand.

The council covers the urban areas of Havelock North, Hastings and Flaxmere, and the surrounding settlements of Clive, Te Awanga, Haumoana and Waimarama. It was formed in 1989, through the merger of Hastings City Council, Havelock North Borough Council and the Hawke's Bay County Council.

The council is led by the mayor of Hastings, who is currently Wendy Schollum.

Clive, New Zealand
Clive (Māori: Karaewa) is a small town, ten kilometres from the city centres of both Napier and Hastings in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. It is close to the mouth of the Ngaruroro River.

The town is part of the Hastings district. It was named (like many of the towns in the vicinity) after a prominent person from imperial India, in this case Robert Clive, better known as "Clive of India". The name was given by John Curling.

The town of Clive is mainly rural, yet with the increasing number of people moving into Hawke's Bay, and Clive being at the meeting point of Hastings and Napier, new subdivisions are being built to accommodate the growing population.

Clive is home to the Hawke's Bay Rowing Club who train on the Clive River. The Hawke's Bay Rowing Regatta is held on the first weekend of the year and was started in 1872.
CSM Moinești
Club Sportiv Municipal Moinești, commonly known as CSM Moinești, or simply as Moinești, is a Romanian amateur football club based in Moinești, Bacău County, founded in 1948 under the name of Petrolul Moinești. The club was declared bankrupt in 2008 and was re-founded as CSM Moinești. CSM is currently playing in the Liga IV and never played higher than Liga II, second tier of the Romanian football league system.

2002–03 Divizia C
The 2002–03 Divizia C season was the 47th season of Divizia C, the third tier of the Romanian football league system.

Starting next season, Divizia B will consist of three groups of sixteen teams, while Divizia C will feature nine groups of fourteen teams each. The top two teams from each Divizia C group, along with the four best 3rd-placed teams (a total of 20 teams), will earn promotion.

Meanwhile, the bottom three teams from each group, along with the four lowest-ranked 13th-placed teams (28 teams in total), will be relegated and replaced by the 42 county champions.
KcsA potassium channel
KcsA (K channel of streptomyces A) is a prokaryotic potassium channel from the soil bacterium Streptomyces lividans that has been studied extensively in ion channel research. The pH activated protein possesses two transmembrane segments and a highly selective pore region, responsible for the gating and shuttling of K+ ions out of the cell. The amino acid sequence found in the selectivity filter of KcsA is highly conserved among both prokaryotic and eukaryotic K+ voltage channels; as a result, research on KcsA has provided important structural and mechanistic insight on the molecular basis for K+ ion selection and conduction. As one of the most studied ion channels to this day, KcsA is a template for research on K+ channel function and its elucidated structure underlies computational modeling of channel dynamics for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic species.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Kamchatka–Aleutian triple junction
The Kamchatka–Aleutian triple junction is a triple junction of tectonic plates, of the fault–fault–trench type, where the Pacific plate, the Okhotsk plate, and the North American plate meet. It is located east of the Kamchatka Mys peninsula and west of Bering Island. Meiji Seamount is located to the southeast of the junction.

In the Kamchatka–Aleutian junction, the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench meets the Aleutian Trench. The former is a subduction zone while the latter is a transform fault in its western part.

North American plate
The North American plate is a tectonic plate containing most of North America, Cuba, the Bahamas, extreme northeastern Asia, and parts of Iceland and the Azores. With an area of 76 million km2 (29 million sq mi), it is the Earth's second largest tectonic plate, behind the Pacific plate (which borders the plate to the west).

It extends eastward to the seismically active Mid-Atlantic Ridge at the Azores triple junction plate boundary where it meets the Eurasian plate and Nubian plate.
and westward to the Chersky Range in eastern Siberia. The plate includes both continental and oceanic crust. The interior of the main continental landmass includes an extensive granitic core called a craton. Along most of the edges of this craton are fragments of crustal material called terranes, which are accreted to the craton by tectonic actions over a long span of time. Much of North America west of the Rocky Mountains is composed of such terranes.
Algorithmic complexity attack
An algorithmic complexity attack (ACA) is a form of attack in which an attacker sends a pattern of requests to a computer system that triggers the worst-case performance of the algorithms it uses. In turn, this may exhaust the resources the system uses. Examples of such attacks include ReDOS, zip bombs and exponential entity expansion attacks.

Zip bomb
In computing, a zip bomb, also known as a decompression bomb or zip of death (ZOD), is a malicious archive file designed to crash or render useless the program  or system reading it. The older the system or program, the less likely it is that the zip bomb will be detected. It is often employed to disable antivirus software, in order to create an opening for more traditional malware.

A zip bomb allows a program to function normally, but, instead of hijacking the program's operation, it creates an archive that requires an excessive amount of time, disk space, computational power, or memory to unpack.

Most modern antivirus programs can detect zip bombs and prevent the user from extracting anything from it.
Chandia Road railway station
Chandia Road railway station is a railway station on Bilaspur–Katni line under Bilaspur railway division of South East Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The railway station is situated beside National Highway 78 at Chandia in Umaria district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

Bilaspur railway division
Bilaspur railway division is one of the three railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 1952 and its headquarters is located at Bilaspur in the state of Chhattisgarh of India.

Nagpur SEC railway division and Raipur railway division are the other two railway divisions under SECR Zone headquartered at Bilaspur.
History of Champa
The history of Champa begins in prehistory with the migration of the ancestors of the Cham people to mainland Southeast Asia and the founding of their Indianized maritime kingdom based in what is now central Vietnam in the early centuries AD, and ends when the final vestiges of the kingdom were annexed and absorbed by Vietnam in 1832.

Po Binasuor
Po Binasuor (died 1390), Ngo-ta Ngo-che, Cei Bunga, Chế Bồng Nga (chữ Hán: 制蓬峩, Bunga is the Malay word for 'flower', and "Chế" is the Vietnamese transliteration of Cei, a Cham word that means "uncle" - and was, in the days of Champa, frequently used to refer to generals) ruled Champa from 1360–1390 CE. He was also known as The Red King in Vietnamese stories. He is different from Po Binnasuar, the king of Panduranga from 1316-1361.

Po Binasuor was the last strong king of the kingdom of Champa.
Argo Sindoro
Argo Sindoro is a passenger train service operated by Kereta Api Indonesia on the route between Semarang Tawang and Jakarta Gambir. It is an executive train that runs three trips daily in each direction, covering 440 kilometres (270 mi) in 5 hours 11 minutes.

This train also complements the Argo Muria, which serves the same route but operates on a different schedule.

Bima (train)
The Bima train (Indonesian: Kereta Api Bima) is an executive class train service with compartment suite that is operated by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) on the island of Java. The service runs between Gambir Station (GMR) in Jakarta at the west end of the island and Surabaya Gubeng Station (SGU) in Surabaya in the east. The train covers 820 kilometres (510 mi) in 10 hours 22 minutes. Bima was initially an acronym for "Biru Malam" (lit. Night Blue).

Uniquely, this train does not use the Jakarta–Surabaya railway line or North Line along the northern coast of Java, but rather a route that takes it along the southern coast of the island.

Although the Satwa class, KA Bima is an Argo class Executive train and uses the Argo train, in this case is the ex-Argo Bromo train. This train is the first AC executive train and the oldest train that still operates in Indonesia.
Grand Trunk Corporation
The Grand Trunk Corporation is the subsidiary holding company for the Canadian National Railway's properties in the United States, and Canada. It is named for CN subsidiary railroad Grand Trunk Western Railroad. The Association of American Railroads has considered it to be a Class I railroad since fiscal year 2002.

GTC was incorporated under Delaware General Corporation Law on September 21, 1970 as Grand Trunk Industries, Inc., and renamed Grand Trunk Corporation on November 18, 1970. It acquired control of CN's U.S. properties; Grand Trunk Western, Central Vermont Railway and the Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway in December 1971, and has since acquired other companies, mostly through acquisitions of other holding companies: Illinois Central Railroad (IC) in 1999, Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (WC) in 2001, Great Lakes Transportation in 2004, and Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway in 2008.

Central Vermont Railway
The Central Vermont Railway (reporting mark CV) was a railroad that operated in the U.S. states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont, as well as the Canadian province of Quebec. After decades of ownership by Canadian National Railway, the company was spun off under the name New England Central Railroad in 1995.

It connected Montreal, Quebec, with New London, Connecticut, using a route along the shores of Lake Champlain, through the Green Mountains and along the Connecticut River valley. It also connected Montreal to Boston, in eastern Massachusetts, through a junction with the Boston and Maine Railroad at White River Junction, Vermont.
Environmental globalization
Environmental globalization refers to the internationally coordinated practices and regulations (often in the form of international treaties) regarding environmental protection. An example of environmental globalization would be the series of International Tropical Timber Agreement treaties (1983, 1994, 2006), establishing International Tropical Timber Organization and promoting sustainable management of tropical forests. Environmental globalization is usually supported by non-governmental organizations and governments of developed countries, but opposed by governments of developing countries which see pro-environmental initiatives as hindering their economic development.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.