hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kraków Voivodeship (1945–1975)
The Kraków Voivodeship was a voivodeship (province) with capital in Kraków, that was located in the southern Lesser Poland. It existed from 1945 to 1975. Until 19 February 1947, it was part of the Republic of Poland, which then was replaced by the Polish People's Republic. It was established on 28 June 1945, from the occupied territories of the Kraków District, General Government, and the Province of Upper Silesia, Germany. In 1957, the city of Kraków separated from the voivodeship, forming a separate administrative division. It ceased to exist on 31 May 1975, when it was partitioned into then-established Kraków Metropolitan, Nowy Sącz, Tarnów, Bielsko, Katowice, and Kielce Voivodeships.

Tarnów Voivodeship
Tarnów Voivodeship (Polish: województwo tarnowskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by a much larger Lesser Poland Voivodeship. Its capital city was Tarnów. Located in southeastern part of the country, its area was 4,151 km2. (which was 1.3% of the total area of Poland). In 1975 the population was 577,900, in 1998 it grew to 700,800.

Tarnów (121 494)

Dębica (49 107)

Bochnia (29 887)

Brzesko (17 859)

Dąbrowa Tarnowska (11 178)
Karol Radziwonowicz
Karol Mikołaj Radziwonowicz (born 2 March 1958 in Warsaw) is a Polish pianist.

He graduated from the Fryderyk Chopin Academy of Music in Warsaw in 1982 and won a Fulbright scholarship to study under George Sebok in the School of Music of Indiana University in Bloomington (1987–1988).

Since then, he has become a distinguished pianist concerting in Poland and abroad. Radziwonowicz has been the first in the history of world recordings to record all of piano works of Ignacy Jan Paderewski, he is also famous for his interpretation of Frédéric Chopin and Karol Mikuli.

Karol Mikuli
Karol Mikuli, also known as Charles Mikuli (Armenian: Կարոլ Միկուլի or Կարոլ Պստիկյան; 22 October 1821 – 21 May 1897), was a Polish pianist, composer, conductor and teacher. His students included Moriz Rosenthal, Raoul Koczalski, Aleksander Michałowski, Ciprian Porumbescu, Jaroslaw Zieliński, Kornelia Parnas and Heinrich Schenker.
1956–57 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France
The 1956–57 Kangaroo tour was the ninth Kangaroo tour, in which the Australian national rugby league team travelled to Great Britain and France and played twenty-eight matches, including the Ashes series of three Test matches against Great Britain and three Test matches against the French. It followed the tour of 1952–53 and the next was staged in 1959–60.

Kangaroo Tour
Kangaroo Tour is the name given to Australia national rugby league team tours of Great Britain and France, tours to New Zealand and the one-off tour to Papua New Guinea (1991). The first Kangaroo Tour was in 1908. Traditionally, Kangaroo Tours took place every four years and involved a three-Test Ashes series against Great Britain (sometimes called Northern Union or The Lions) and a number of tour matches. The 1911/12 and 1921/22 tours were by the Australasian Kangaroos as both teams included New Zealand players. Some Kangaroo tours to Great Britain and France also included international friendly matches against Wales, though these games were not given test match status.

The last full Kangaroo Tour was in 1994, although shortened Kangaroo Tours took place in 2001 and again in 2003.

Since 1954, the Kangaroos have also made a number of overseas tours for multi-team tournaments such as the World Cup, Tri-Nations and Four Nations, however these are not classed as Kangaroo tours.
2011 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's keirin
The men's keirin at the 2011 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held on 26 March. 33 athletes participated in the contest. After the six qualifying heats, the fastest rider in each heat advanced to the second round. The riders that did not advance to the second round raced in four repechage heats. The first rider in each heat advanced to the second round along with the eight that qualified before.

The first three riders from each of the two second round heats advanced to the final, and the remaining riders raced a consolation 7–12 place final.

2011 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2011 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was the World Championships for track cycling in 2011. The championships took place at the Omnisport Apeldoorn in Apeldoorn, Netherlands from 23 to 27 March 2011. In January 2012 it was announced that Grégory Baugé's results in the Sprint and Team Sprint competitions would be nullified.

The championships were dominated by the rivalry between Australia and Great Britain, who shared 10 of the 19 gold medals available between them, including in eight of the ten Olympic events.
Baicoli
Baicoli (Venetian: baìcołi) are Italian biscuits, originating in the 1700s in the city of Venice. They are made with sugar, butter, flour, yeast, eggs, and salt.

Baicoli gained their name because their shape resembled that of small mullets, which in the local dialect are called baicoli.

The biscuits have a long shelf life and were used as a ship's biscuit for long sea voyages. Their preparation, which is long and laborious, has two acts of leavening and double baking.

Today, baicoli are commonly served with coffee and zabaglione, in which they can be dipped.

Hardtack
Hardtack (or hard tack) is a type of dense cracker made from flour, water, and sometimes salt. Hardtack is very inexpensive and long-lasting if kept dry, allowing it to be used for sustenance in the absence of perishable foods. It is commonly used during long sea voyages, land migrations, and military campaigns. Along with salt pork and corned beef, hardtack was a standard ration for many militaries and navies from the 17th to the early 20th centuries.
1960 United States presidential election in West Virginia
The 1960 United States presidential election in West Virginia took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election. West Virginia voters chose eight representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

West Virginia was won by Senator John F. Kennedy (D–Massachusetts), running with Senator Lyndon B. Johnson, with 52.73 percent of the popular vote against incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R–California), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., with 47.27 percent of the popular vote.

United States presidential elections in West Virginia
Following is a table of United States presidential elections in West Virginia, ordered by year. Since its admission to statehood in 1863, West Virginia has participated in every U.S. presidential election. Prior to 1863, the territory currently comprising the state of West Virginia was part of the state of Virginia, and citizens residing in that area have thus been able to participate in every U.S. election.

Winners of the state are in bold. The shading refers to the state winner, and not the national winner.
Khufiyya
Khufiyya (Arabic: الخفية, romanized: Khufiyya or Khafiyya, lit. 'the silent ones'; borrowed as Chinese: 虎夫耶; pinyin: Hǔfūyé) is a tariqa (Sufi order) of Chinese Islam. It was the first tariqa to be established in China and, along with the Jahriyya, Qadiriyya, and Kubrawiyyah, is acknowledged as one of the four orders of Chinese Sufism.

Khufis dwell mainly in Northwest China, especially Gansu. The order follows the Hanafi school in terms of jurisprudence. Traditional beliefs within the order claim the originator of Khufiyya to be Abu Bakr. In addition, the doctrines of Khufiyya are influenced by a Confucian approach to expounding Muslim sacred texts known as Yiru Quanjing (Chinese: 以儒詮經).

Qadiri Order
The Qadiriyya (Arabic: القادرية) or the Qadiri order (Arabic: الطريقة القادرية, romanized: al-Ṭarīqa al-Qādiriyya) is a Sunni Sufi order (tariqa) founded by Abdul Qadir Gilani (1077–1166, also transliterated Jilani), who was a Hanbali scholar from Gilan, Iran.

The order, with its many sub-orders, is widespread. Its members are present in India, Bangladesh, China, Turkey, Indonesia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Balkans, Russia, Palestine, as well as East, West and North Africa.
Transitional housing programs in Boston
There were six transitional housing programs created under the Wu administration in Boston in January 2022. Mayor Michelle Wu's administration cleared a tent encampment of several hundred people living in the area known locally as the Mass and Cass (also known as "Methadone Mile"), and created six low-threshold, transitional housing sites to divert people displaced from the encampment. The transitional housing sites created were the Roundhouse Hotel, Willow, Dorm One, EnVision Hotel, The Cottages at Shattuck, and The Pine Street Inn.

Drug overdose
A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended. Typically the term is applied for cases when a risk to health is a potential result. An overdose may result in a toxic state or death.
Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk
Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) is a heliophysics Mission of Opportunity (MOU) for NASA's Explorers program. Led by Richard Eastes at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, which is located at the University of Colorado Boulder, GOLD's mission is to image the boundary between Earth and space in order to answer questions about the effects of solar and atmospheric variability of Earth's space weather. GOLD was one of 11 proposals selected, of the 42 submitted, for further study in September 2011. On 12 April 2013, NASA announced that GOLD, along with the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON), had been selected for flight in 2017. GOLD, along with its commercial host satellite SES-14, launched on 25 January 2018.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Thomas Dehler
Thomas Dehler (14 December 1897 – 21 July 1967) was a German politician. He was the Federal Republic of Germany's first Minister of Justice (1949–1953) and chairman of Free Democratic Party (1954–1957).

Reinhold Maier
Reinhold Maier (16 October 1889 – 19 August 1971) was a German politician and the leader of the FDP from 1957–1960. From 1946 to 1952 he was Minister President of Württemberg-Baden and then the 1st Minister President of the new state of Baden-Württemberg until 1953.

He served as the 4th President of the Bundesrat in 1952/53, the only FDP politician in German history to do so to date.

Maier was born in Schorndorf.
Triplet-triplet annihilation
Triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) is an energy transfer mechanism where two molecules in their triplet excited states interact to form a ground state molecule and an excited molecule in its singlet state. This mechanism is example of Dexter energy transfer mechanism. In triplet-triplet annihilation, one molecule transfers its excited state energy to the second molecule, resulting in the first molecule returning to its ground state and the second molecule being promoted to a higher excited singlet state.

Triplet-triplet annihilation was first discovered in the 1960s to explain the observation of delayed fluorescence in anthracene derivatives.

Dexter electron transfer
Dexter electron transfer (also called Dexter electron exchange and Dexter energy transfer) is a fluorescence quenching mechanism in which an excited electron is transferred from one molecule (a donor) to a second molecule (an acceptor) via a non radiative path. This process requires a wavefunction overlap between the donor and acceptor, which means it can only occur at short distances; typically within 10 Å (1 nm). The excited state may be exchanged in a single step, or in two separate charge exchange steps.
Turmite
In computer science, a turmite is a Turing machine which has an orientation in addition to a current state and a "tape" that consists of an infinite two-dimensional grid of cells. The terms ant and vant are also used. Langton's ant is a well-known type of turmite defined on the cells of a square grid. Paterson's worms are a type of turmite defined on the edges of a triangular tiling.

It has been shown that turmites in general are exactly equivalent in power to one-dimensional Turing machines with an infinite tape, as either can simulate the other.

Hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of {6,3}  or t{3,6}  (as a truncated triangular tiling).

English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille.

The internal angle of the hexagon is 120 degrees, so three hexagons at a point make a full 360 degrees. It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the triangular tiling and the square tiling.
2009–10 Panionios F.C. season
The 2009–10 season was Panionios' 49th season in Super League Greece.

On summer Boško Balaban from Dinamo Zagreb, Sito Riera from Espanyol and other players transferred to Panionios. The team finished in the 9th place in Super League Greece.

Sito Riera
Llorenç "Sito" Riera Ortega (born 5 January 1987) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Tercera Federación club Manacor.

A youth and reserve player at Barcelona and Espanyol, he never featured professionally in his own country, going on to spend over a decade abroad. He played top-flight football in Greece, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Poland and Cyprus.
Rivière du Monument
The rivière du Monument (English: Monument River) flows in the municipality of Saint-Théophile, in the Beauce-Sartigan Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada. The Monument River is a tributary of the south bank of the rivière du Loup, which drains on the east bank of the Chaudière River; the latter flows northward to empty on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River.

Beauce-Sartigan Regional County Municipality
Beauce-Sartigan is a regional county municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada.  The county seat is Saint-Georges.

The Chaudière River flows through it.  It shares its eastern border with Maine, United States.

The name of the RCM is linked to the historical region of which it is part, Beauce. Sartigan is a distortion of Mechatigan (or Msakkikhan), the name given to the Chaudière River by the native Abenakis.
Virginia State Route 269
State Route 269 (SR 269) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Longdale Furnace Road, the state highway runs 6.80 miles (10.94 km) from Interstate 64 (I-64)/U.S. Route 60 (US 60), and SR 42 near Nicelytown east to I-64/US 60 at Longdale Furnace. SR 269 forms part of the old alignment of US 60 in eastern Alleghany County.

Interstate 64 in Virginia
Interstate 64 (I-64) in the US state of Virginia runs east–west through the middle of the state from West Virginia to the Hampton Roads region, for a total of 299 miles (481 km). From the West Virginia state line to Chesapeake, it passes through the major cities of Lexington, Staunton, Charlottesville, the state capital of Richmond, Newport News, Hampton, and Norfolk. It is notable for crossing the mouth of the harbor of Hampton Roads on the Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel (HRBT), the first bridge–tunnel to incorporate artificial islands, concurrent with U.S. Route 60 (US 60). Also noteworthy is a section through Rockfish Gap, a wind gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, which was equipped with an innovative system of airport-style runway lighting embedded into the pavement to aid motorists during periods of poor visibility due to fog or other conditions.
2010 Tail Savannah Challenger
The 2010 Tail Savannah Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Savannah, United States between May 3 and May 9, 2010.

Savannah Challenger
The Savannah Challenger (currently known as St. Joseph's/Candler Savannah Challenger for sponsorship reasons) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Franklin Creek Sports Complex at The Landings Club in Savannah, Georgia, United States, since 2009.

Carsten Ball was the only one to win two doubles titles of the tournament.
Happy State Bank Stadium
Happy State Bank Stadium, formerly known as Kimbrough Memorial Stadium, is a stadium in Canyon, Texas.  It is owned by Canyon Independent School District and is primarily used for American football. It is the home stadium for Canyon High School, Randall High School, and West Plains High School of Canyon Independent School District, and is the former home of West Texas A&M University. The stadium holds 20,000 people and was built in 1959.

West Texas A&M University
West Texas A&M University (WTAMU or WT) is a public university in Canyon, Texas, United States. It is the northernmost campus of the Texas A&M University System and accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). It was established on September 20, 1910, as West Texas State Normal College as one of the seven state-funded teachers' colleges in Texas.
Hafiz Abdul Kareem
Hafiz Abdul Kareem (born 1 January 1960) is a Pakistani politician, Doctor and Islamic scholar who serves as the third and current emir of Markazi Jamiat Ahle Hadith since 2025 replacing Sajid Mir upon his death. He has been a member of the Senate of Pakistan since March 2018.

Abdul Kareem served as Minister for Communications, in Abbasi cabinet from August 2017 to May 2018. He was also a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from June 2013 to 2018.

Ministry of Communications (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Communications (Urdu: وزارت مواصلات; reporting name: MoCom), is a Cabinet-level ministry of the Pakistani Government responsible for analysing, formulating and implementing central policy on communications and transportation. It is one of the oldest ministries, created on 14 August 1947. The Ministry of Communications has jurisdiction over telegraph and telephone communications as well as public radio, technical means of radio and television broadcasting and the distribution of periodicals. The Ministry and its political executive, the Communications Minister, are headquartered in the Cabinet Secretariat, Islamabad Capital Venue. The Communications Minister is a public appointee who must be a member of Parliament.
Evelina Betancourt-Anthony
Evelina Betancourt-Anthony (born 1950) is an Aruban-born Bonairean health administrator and politician. From 1 December 2015 she served as acting Lieutenant Governor of the island for one year, filling the duties of Lieutenant Governor Edison Rijna in his absence.

Edison Rijna
Edison Enrique Rijna (born 7 July 1967) is a Dutch politician who was Lieutenant Governor of Bonaire from 2014 to 2023. He previously served as the acting Island governor from 1 March 2014 to 22 August 2014.
Shisa-8
Shisa-8 is a protein that is humans is encoded by C22orf17 (Chromosome 22 Open Reading Frame 17) gene. The longest isoform of the Shisa-8 mRNA is Isoform 1 spanning 5,532 nucleotides (nt). The Shisa-8 protein has been associated with alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isooxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors and is part of the AMPA receptor complex. AMPA receptors are predicted to have effects on learning, memory, and gating properties in neurons.

Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. The term exon refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and to the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are covalently joined to one another as part of generating the mature RNA. Just as the entire set of genes for a species constitutes the genome, the entire set of exons constitutes the exome.
Rüsselsheim Razorbacks
The Rüsselsheim Razorbacks were an American football team from Rüsselsheim, Germany.

The club's most successful era was from 1996 to 2003 when it played in the German Football League, the highest level of play in American football in Germany. It reached the play-offs in six of its eight seasons there, with the semi-finals in 2003 as its greatest achievement.

Rüsselsheim am Main
Rüsselsheim am Main (German pronunciation: [ˈrʏsl̩sˌhaɪm ʔam ˈmaɪn], lit. 'Rüsselsheim on the Main') is the largest city in the Groß-Gerau district in the Rhein-Main region of Germany. It is one of seven special status cities (implementing several functions that counties normally provide) in Hessen and is located on the Main, between Frankfurt and Mainz, only a few kilometres from its mouth in Mainz. The suburbs of Bauschheim and Königstädten are included in Rüsselsheim. Rüsselsheim has attained international recognition through the presence of the German car company Opel.
Westway (TV series)
Westway is a British television series made by HTV for ITV in 1976.

The series dealt with the lives of three families living together in a commune (set in a castle) in Bristol, and explored issues of self-sufficiency also addressed by BBC series of the period such as The Good Life and Survivors.

The Good Life (1975 TV series)
The Good Life (known as Good Neighbors in the United States) is a British sitcom, produced by BBC television. It ran from 4 April 1975 to 10 June 1978 on BBC1 and was written by Bob Larbey and John Esmonde. Opening with the midlife crisis of Tom Good, a 40-year-old plastics designer, it relates the joys and setbacks he and his wife Barbara experience when they attempt to escape a modern "rat race" lifestyle by "becoming totally self-sufficient" in their suburban house in Surbiton. In 2004, it came ninth in Britain's Best Sitcom. The lead roles are taken by Richard Briers and Felicity Kendal.
Paul Marquet
Paul Marquet (born 26 September 1969 in Newcastle, New South Wales) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played primarily as a second-row for Australian clubs the Newcastle Knights, Hunter Mariners and Melbourne Storm, and for English club, the Warrington Wolves.

2001 NRL Grand Final
The 2001 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2001 NRL season. It was contested at Stadium Australia in Sydney by the Newcastle Knights (who had finished the regular season in third place), and the Parramatta Eels (who had finished the regular season in first place), after the other six teams that had competed in the top-eight finals series had been eliminated. The attendance of 90,414 was the fourth highest ever seen at a rugby league match in Australia and it was the first nighttime grand final in the competition’s 93-year history. Domestically, live free-to-air television coverage was provided by Nine's Wide World of Sports. The match was also broadcast live in the United States by Fox Sports World. Newcastle Knights won, with their captain Andrew Johns receiving the Clive Churchill Medal for man of the match.