hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nompanim
Nompanim or Nomparem (Chibcha: "Vessel of the jaguar") (15th century - first third of 16th century) was the penultimate iraca; cacique of the sacred City of the Sun; Sugamuxi. Sugamuxi, presently called Sogamoso, was an important city in the religion of the Muisca who inhabited the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the times before the Spanish conquest of the Muisca conquistadores reached the central highlands of the Colombian Andes. Fellow Muisca rulers of other territories within the Muisca Confederation were Tundama in Tundama, zaque Quemuenchatocha in Hunza and zipas Nemequene and Tisquesusa in Bacatá.

Tundama
Tundama or Saymoso (15th century – late December 1539 in Duitama) was a cacique of the Muisca Confederation, a loose confederation of different rulers of the Muisca who inhabited the central highlands (Altiplano Cundiboyacense) of the Colombian Andes. The city of Tundama, currently known as Duitama and part of the Tundama Province, Boyacá, were named after the cacique. Tundama ruled over the northernmost territories of the Muisca, submitted last by the Spanish conquistadores.

Tundama was killed late December 1539 with a large hammer by Spanish conquistador Baltasar Maldonado. His successor, Don Juan was killed shortly after, ending the reign of the Muisca in the New Kingdom of Granada, the name for present-day Colombia and a part of Venezuela in the Spanish Empire.

Knowledge about Tundama has been compiled by scholar Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita.
Heyneke Meyer
Heyneke Meyer (born 6 October 1967) is a professional rugby union coach, best known for coaching the Springboks from 2012 until 2015. Prior to coaching the Springboks, he spent many years at the domestic level in South Africa before coaching Leicester Tigers in England. Following his stint with the Boks, he also coached Stade Français. On 8 July 2021 he was announced as the new Director of Rugby for the Houston Sabercats of MLR.

2001 Vodacom Cup
The 2001 Vodacom Cup was the 4th edition of this annual domestic cup competition. The Vodacom Cup is played between provincial rugby union teams in South Africa from the Currie Cup Premier and First Divisions, as well as an invitational team, the Welwitschias from Namibia.
Vaigeliškės
Vaigeliškės (Polish: Wojgieliszki) is a village in Vilnius district municipality, Lithuania. It is located about 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Vilnius. According to the 2011 census, it had population of 37.

Vilnius District Municipality
Vilnius District Municipality (Lithuanian: Vilniaus rajono savivaldybė) is one of the 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It surrounds the capital city of Vilnius on three sides. The municipality is also bordered by Trakai district and Elektrėnai municipality in the west, Astravyets and Ashmyany districts of Belarus in the east, Širvintos, Molėtai and Švenčionys districts in the north and Šalčininkai district in the south.

The population of the district is one of the fastest growing in Lithuania because of the migration of Vilnius' inhabitants to the suburbs. It stood at 116,584 in January 2024, up from 84 thousand in the early 1990s, meaning an increase by more than a third in less than 30 years.
NUTS statistical regions of the Czech Republic
The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of the Czech Republic for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering the European Union's Structural Funds. The NUTS code for the Czech Republic is CZ and a hierarchy of three levels is established by Eurostat. Below these is a further levels of geographic organisation - the local administrative unit (LAU). In the Czech Republic, the LAU 1 is  districts and the LAU 2 is municipalities.

Districts of the Czech Republic
Districts of the Czech Republic are territorial units, formerly used as second-level administrative divisions of the Czech Republic. After their primary administrative function has been abolished in 2003, they still exist for the activities of specific authorities and as statistical units. Their administrative function was moved to selected municipalities.
Multiple equilibria in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a large system of ocean currents, like a conveyor belt. It is driven by differences in temperature and salt content and it is an important component of the climate system. However, the AMOC is not a static feature of global circulation. It is sensitive to changes in temperature, salinity and atmospheric forcings. Climate reconstructions from δ18O proxies from Greenland reveal an abrupt transition in global temperature about every 1470 years. These changes may be due to changes in ocean circulation, which suggests that there are two equilibria possible in the AMOC. Stommel made a two-box model in 1961 which showed two different states of the AMOC are possible on a single hemisphere. Stommel’s result with an ocean box model has initiated studies using three dimensional ocean circulation models, confirming the existence of multiple equilibria in the AMOC.

Eocene–Oligocene extinction event
The Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, also called the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) is the transition between the end of the Eocene and the beginning of the Oligocene, an extinction event and faunal turnover occurring between 33.9 and 33.4 million years ago. It was marked by large-scale extinction and floral and faunal turnover, although it was relatively minor in comparison to the largest mass extinctions. In Europe it is also known as the Grande Coupure (French for "great cut"), marked by the extinction of many endemic mammal groups present in the region during the Eocene, and the immigration of previously absent mammal groups into Europe from Asia.
Piʻiholo
Piʻiholo is a mountain summit on the island of Maui in Hawaii. It is at 20°51′7″N 156°17′33″W﻿ / ﻿20.85194°N 156.29250°W﻿ / 20.85194; -156.29250 and has an elevation of 689 meters (2,260 feet).

Its soils are mostly dark reddish brown silty clays developed on long-weathered volcanic ash which supports ranchland where cattle and horses are raised. 
There also is a headquarters unit of the Maui Invasive Species Committee (MISC) 
at the Haleakala Experiment Station of the University of Hawaiʻi. 
The nearest town is Makawao.

The major landowner in the area is the family descended from Henry Perrine Baldwin (1842–1911). His son Henry Alexander Baldwin created the Piʻiholo Ranch out of the larger Haleakala Ranch, named after Haleakalā, the highest point in Maui. The ranch now features eco-tourism. The endangered Hawaiian goose Branta sandvicensis known as Nēnē in the Hawaiian language, is being reintroduced here under supervision of Peter Baldwin.

Haleakalā
Haleakalā (/ˌhɑːliˌɑːkəˈlɑː/; Hawaiian: Hawaiian pronunciation: [ˈhɐlɛˈjɐkəˈlaː]), or the East Maui Volcano, is a massive, active shield volcano that forms more than 75% of the Hawaiian Island of Maui. The western 25% of the island is formed by another volcano, Mauna Kahalawai, also referred to as the West Maui Mountains.

The tallest peak of Haleakalā ("house of the sun"), at 10,023 feet (3,055 m), is Puʻu ʻUlaʻula (Red Hill). From the summit one looks down into a massive depression some 11.25 mi (18.11 km) across, 3.2 mi (5.1 km) wide, and nearly 800 m (2,600 ft) deep. The surrounding walls are steep and the interior mostly barren-looking with a scattering of volcanic cones.
2012–13 Livingston F.C. season
The 2012–13 season was Livingston's second consecutive season in the First Division, having been promoted after winning the Scottish Second Division during season 2010–11. They also competed in the Challenge Cup, League Cup and the Scottish Cup.

2012–13 Scottish Challenge Cup
The 2012–13 Scottish Challenge Cup, known as the Ramsdens Challenge Cup due to sponsorship reasons with Ramsdens, was the 22nd season of the competition. It was competed for by 32 clubs, which included the 30 members of the 2012–13 Scottish Football League, and for the second season running, the top two Highland Football League clubs with a valid SFA club licence.

The defending champions were Falkirk, who defeated Hamilton Academical in the 2012 final.

Inverurie Loco Works who finished fourth and Wick Academy eighth in the Highland Football League qualified for the competition for the first time after being asked to compete following their work in the SFA's Club Licensing programme. Clubs ranked higher such as Forres Mechanics were not compliant with the programme so the qualification spot moved to a lower ranked club. Buckie Thistle and Deveronvale were ruled out as they had been invited in the previous season's competition.
Lingerhahn
Lingerhahn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Hunsrück-Mittelrhein, whose seat is in Emmelshausen.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
Isle of Wight Festival
The Isle of Wight Festival is a British music festival which takes place annually in Newport on the Isle of Wight, England. It was originally a counterculture event held from 1968 to 1970.

The 1970 event was by far the largest of these early festivals and the unexpectedly high attendance levels led, in 1971, to Parliament adding a section to the Isle of Wight County Council Act 1971 preventing overnight open-air gatherings of more than 5,000 people on the island without a special licence from the council. The event was revived in 2002 with Rock Island 2002, and has since been held annually, except for 2020 when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Wootton Bridge
Wootton Bridge is a large village, civil parish and electoral ward on the Isle of Wight, England, first recorded around the year 1086. The parish also contains the settlement of Wootton. In 2011 it had a population of 3,447.

Wootton is found midway between the towns of Ryde and Newport, which are 7 miles apart, and historically centred on the old parish church of St Edmund. The hamlet of Wootton Common to the south, centres on the crossroads that bears its name.

The newer village of Wootton Bridge is found in the area immediately west of Wootton Creek, and the parish council that bears its name is now responsible for the whole of the Wootton area.
Camp B'nai Brith (Montreal)
Camp B'nai Brith (Hebrew: מַחֲנֶה בְּנֵי בְּרִית) is a Jewish summer camp north of Montreal, in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts. Camp B'nai Brith has been recognized as a pioneer in the world of community-service camps in North America. CBB offers camping to children and senior citizens on a sliding fee scale based on the family's finances, with fundraising activities subsidizing those who cannot afford to pay.

Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts
Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t aɡat de mɔ̃]) is a town in the province of Quebec, Canada, in the regional county municipality of Les Laurentides in the administrative region of Laurentides, also known as the "Laurentians" or the Laurentian Mountains (in English). Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts borders on a lake called Lac des Sables, and is located approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Montreal, and 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of Ottawa.

The town has been twinned with Lagny-sur-Marne, France, since 1969 and Saranac Lake, New York, since 2002.
Iwafune Kofun
Iwafune Kofun (岩舟古墳)  is a Kofun period  burial mound, located in the Iwafune neighborhood of the city of Yasugi, Shimane in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1948.

Yasugi, Shimane
Yasugi (安来市, Yasugi-shi) is a city located in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2023, the city had an estimated population of 35,965 in 14257 households and a population density of 85 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 420.93 square kilometres (162.52 sq mi).
2020 in association football
The following are the scheduled events of association football for the year 2020 throughout the world.

Numerous association football competitions were either postponed or cancelled during the year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On 13 March 2020, FIFA announced that clubs did not have to release players to their national teams during the international windows of March and April 2020, while players also had the option to decline a call-up without any consequences. FIFA also recommended that all international matches during the March and April 2020 windows be postponed.

By April 2020 only four nations were still playing association football league matches: Belarus, Nicaragua, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan

In April 2020, FIFA announced that the 2020 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup and the 2020 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup would be postponed and rescheduled.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruption to association football (also known as soccer) across the world, mirroring its impact across all sports. Across the world to varying degrees, leagues and competitions had been cancelled or postponed.
The Real Housewives of Atlanta season 1
The first season of The Real Housewives of Atlanta, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from October 7, 2008, until November 25, 2008, and was primarily filmed in Atlanta, Georgia. Its executive producers are Lauren Eskelin, Lorraine Haughton, Glenda Hersh, Carlos King, and Steven Weinstock.

The Real Housewives of Atlanta focuses on the lives of NeNe Leakes, DeShawn Snow, Shereé Whitfield, Lisa Wu-Hartwell, and Kim Zolciak. During the season, Leakes frequently clashes with Whitfield and Zolciak, while several of the housewives pursue business careers. It consisted of eight episodes, all of which aired on Tuesday evenings; two were aired at 9:00 pm, while six were broadcast at 10:00 pm.

This season marked the only regular appearance of DeShawn Snow.

Shereé Whitfield
Shereé Whitfield (née Fuller; born January 2, 1970) is an American television personality. She is best known as an original cast member of the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of Atlanta.
National Trust and Savings Association
National Trust and Savings Association (NT&SA) is a designation used by national banks in the United States to denote their national charter. It is significantly less popular than the standard designation National Association (N.A.). Notably, it was used until 1998 by Bank of America NT&SA, the only major bank to utilize the designation. It was also construed to denote the character of a savings and loan association, with a focus on home mortgages and savings accounts.

National bank (United States)
In the United States, a national bank is an ordinary private bank operating within the federal government's regulatory structure, which usually but not always operates in multiple U.S. states, and is under the supervision of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. Depending on the matter, it also may have to comply with some U.S. state regulations. It is legally required to be a member of the Federal Reserve System.  A national bank in the U.S. is distinguished from a state bank, whose permit or charter is granted by a state.
Mihail Pherekyde
Mihail Pherekyde (November 14, 1842 – January 24, 1926) was a Romanian politician and diplomat who served as the President of the Senate, President of the Assembly of Deputies, Minister of Foreign Affairs and two terms as the Minister of Internal Affairs of Kingdom of Romania.

President of the Senate of Romania
The president of the Senate of Romania is the senator elected to preside over the Senate meetings. The president of the Senate is also the president of the Standing Bureau of the Senate, and the first person in the presidential line of succession.
2023 Women's Asian Hockey5s World Cup Qualifier
The 1st Women's Asian Hockey5s World Cup Qualifier (Women's Hockey5s Asia Cup) was the first edition of the Asian Hockey5s World Cup Qualifier for the women's Hockey5s event at the FIH Hockey5s World Cup. It was held alongside the men's tournament in Salalah, Oman from 25 August to 28 September 2023.

The tournament's winner, runner-up, and third-placed teams qualify for the 2024 Hockey5s World Cup. In the final India defeated Thailand 7-2. Malaysia was the third country to qualify for Asia. As the host, Oman was automatically qualified.

2024 Men's FIH Hockey5s World Cup
The 2024 Hockey5s World Cup was the first edition of the FIH Men's Hockey5s World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national hockey5s teams. The event was organized by the FIH. It was held from 27 to 30 January 2024, in Muscat, Oman.

The Netherlands won the tournament after a win over Malaysia.
Sunkist Growers, Incorporated
Sunkist Growers, Incorporated, branded as Sunkist in 1909, is an American  citrus growers' non-stock membership cooperative composed of over 1,000 members from California and Arizona headquartered in Valencia, California. Through 31 offices in the United States and Canada and four offices outside North America, its sales in 1991 totaled $956 million. It is the largest fresh produce shipper in the United States, the most diversified citrus processing and marketing operation in the world, and one of California's largest landowners.

Wholesaling
Wholesaling or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers (wholesale businesses) and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods in bulk to anyone, either a person or an organization, other than the end consumer of that merchandise. Wholesaling involves purchasing goods in bulk, usually directly from the manufacturer or source, at a discounted rate. Retailers then sell these goods to end consumers at a higher price, generating a profit.

Traditionally, wholesalers were closer to the markets they supplied than the source from which they got the products. However, with the advent of the internet and e-procurement there is an increasing number of wholesalers located nearer to the manufacturers in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The profit margins of wholesalers depend largely on their ability to achieve market competitive transaction costs.
2024–25 Myanmar National League
The 2024–25 Myanmar National League is the 15th season of first-division domestic football in Myanmar. It will consist of twelve teams, as two teams from the 2023 MNL-2 were promoted. Shan United will play as the defending champion Club for 2024 MNL.

Pathein Stadium
Pathein Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Pathein, Burma.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Ayeyawady United of the Myanmar National League.  The stadium holds 6,000 spectators.
Music history of the United States in the 1980s
Popular music of the United States in the 1980s saw heavy metal, country music, Top 40 hits, hip hop, MTV, CMJ, and new wave
as mainstream. Punk rock and hardcore punk was popular on CMJ. With the demise of punk rock, a new generation of punk-influenced genres arose, including Gothic rock, post-punk, alternative rock, emo and thrash metal. Hip hop underwent its first diversification, with Miami bass, Chicago hip house, Washington, D.C. go-go, Detroit ghettotech, Los Angeles G-funk and the "golden age of old school hip hop" in New York City. House music developed in Chicago, techno music developed in Detroit which also saw the flowering of the Detroit Sound in gospel. This helped inspire the greatest crossover success of Christian Contemporary Music (CCM), as well as the Miami Sound of Cuban pop.

Go-go
Go-go is a subgenre of funk music with an emphasis on specific rhythmic patterns, and live audience call and response.

Go-go was originated by African-American musicians in Washington, D.C., during the mid-1960s to late-1970s. Go-go has limited popularity in other areas, but maintains a devoted audience in the Washington metropolitan area as a uniquely regional music style and was named the official music of Washington, D.C., in February 2020.

Performers associated with the development of the style include Rare Essence, E.U., Trouble Funk, and singer-guitarist Chuck Brown. 
Modern artists like Charles "Shorty Corleone" Garris continue the go-go tradition in D.C.
Gaye family
The Gaye family is a family most notable for their relation to Motown music artist Marvin Gaye. Along with Marvin, many of the family members have also made contributions within the music industry, theatre and film. Aside from him, the most notable relatives include Gaye's father Marvin Gay Sr., his mother Alberta, brother Frankie, sister Zeola, brother-in-law Gordon Banks, son Marvin III (adopted by his first wife Anna from her niece Denise Gordy), and daughter Nona.

Marvin Gay Sr.
Marvin Pentz Gay Sr. (October 1, 1914 – October 10, 1998) was an American Pentecostal minister. He was the father of recording artists Marvin Gaye and Frankie Gaye and gained notoriety after shooting and killing his son Marvin on April 1, 1984, following an argument at their home.
Virtual Link Aggregation Control Protocol
Virtual LACP (VLACP) is an Avaya extension of the Link Aggregation Control Protocol to provide a Layer 2 handshaking protocol which can detect end-to-end failure between two physical Ethernet interfaces. It allows the switch to detect unidirectional or bi-directional link failures irrespective of intermediary devices and enables link recovery in less than one second.

With VLACP, far-end failures can be detected, which allows a Link aggregation trunk to fail over properly when end-to-end connectivity is not guaranteed for certain links through the internet in an aggregation group. When a remote link failure is detected, the change is propagated to the partner port.

Avaya
Avaya LLC(/əˈvaɪ.ə/), formerly Avaya Inc., is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Morristown, New Jersey, that provides cloud communications and workstream collaboration services. The company's platform includes unified communications and contact center services. In 2019, the company provided services to 220,000 customer locations in 190 countries.
1993 Los Angeles Raiders season
The 1993 Los Angeles Raiders season was the franchise's 34th season overall, and the franchise's 24th season in the National Football League. The team improved upon its 7–9 record in the previous season and returned to the NFL playoffs after a one-year absence, but lost in the AFC Divisional game to the Buffalo Bills.

This was the Raiders' final playoff appearance in Los Angeles, and would not return to the playoffs until 2000, when the franchise returned to Oakland. This would be the final season for receiver Willie Gault and defensive end Howie Long before their retirements. Additionally, defensive end Greg Townsend, who along with Long and center Don Mosebar were the only players left from the Raiders' Super Bowl XVIII championship team of 10 years earlier, left to play for the Philadelphia Eagles (in 1997; Townsend would return to the Raiders, by then having returned to their original home in Oakland, for his final season).

Howie Long
Howard Matthew Moses Long (born January 6, 1960) is an American former professional football defensive end who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons with the Raiders franchise. He played college football for the Villanova Wildcats and was selected by the Raiders in the second round of the 1981 NFL draft, spending his first season with the team in Oakland and the remainder of his career in Los Angeles. Long received eight Pro Bowl and three first-team All-Pro selections while helping the team win Super Bowl XVIII. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2000.

After retiring, Long pursued a career in acting and broadcasting and serves as a studio analyst for Fox Sports' NFL coverage.