hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Billy Barnes (footballer)
Billy Barnes (20 May 1879 – 1962) was a professional footballer from West Ham, Essex. Originally debuting for Thames Ironworks, he moved to Sheffield United and scored the winning goal in the 1902 FA Cup final replay. Later on in his career he won two Southern Football League titles and took part in two Charity Shield matches including the first time it was held. Once his playing career was over, he went on to manage Athletic Bilbao in Spain.

1912 FA Charity Shield
The 1912 Football Association Charity Shield was played on 4 May 1912. The game was played at White Hart Lane, home of Tottenham Hotspur, and was contested by the Football League champions Blackburn Rovers and the winners of the Southern League championship, Queens Park Rangers. The game ended in a 2–1 win for Blackburn Rovers, and the proceeds of the match were donated to the Titanic Relief Fund.
Kassler
Kassler (German: [ˈkaslɐ] ⓘ) or Kasseler in German cuisine is a cured and slightly smoked cut of pork similar to gammon. It can be either hot or cold smoked. Pork necks and loins are the most often used cuts although ribs, shoulders and bellies can also be used. It is often served either with sauerkraut and mashed potatoes or with kale and roasted potatoes.

In addition to pork, chicken prepared 'Kasseler' style is available at some butchers.

Pork
Pork is the culinary name for the meat of the pig (Sus domesticus). It is the second most commonly consumed type of meat worldwide, following poultry, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 8000–9000 BCE.

Pork is eaten both freshly cooked and preserved; curing extends the shelf life of pork products. Ham, gammon, bacon, and pork sausage are examples of preserved pork. Charcuterie is the branch of cooking devoted to prepared meat products, many from pork.

Pork is one of the most popular meats in the Western world, particularly in Central Europe. It is also very popular in East and Southeast Asia (Mainland Southeast Asia, Philippines, Singapore, and East Timor). The meat is highly prized in Asian cuisines, especially in China (including Hong Kong) and Northeast India, for its fat content and texture.

Some religions and cultures prohibit pork consumption, notably Islam and Judaism.
Ranald George Macdonald
Ranald George Macdonald (29 August 1788 – 11 March 1873) was a Scottish clan chief and Member of Parliament.

Macdonald was the son of John Macdonald, 19th Chief of Clanranald, by Katherine, the daughter of Robert McQueen, Lord Braxfield.

He became the 20th Chief of Clanranald. He married Caroline Anne, daughter of Richard Edgcumbe, 2nd Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, on 13 February 1812 and had issue.

He was elected to Parliament for Plympton Erle on 10 October 1812 and sat until 1824. In 1824 Alexander Ranaldson MacDonell of Glengarry unsuccessfully attempted to deprive Macdonald of the chiefship of Clan Donald by bringing an action in the Court of Session.

Between 1813 and 1838, Clanranald sold almost the entirety of his estates. He attributed his financial misfortune to peculation on the part of his trustees.  However, the historical consensus has been that his ruin resulted primarily from his folly and extravagance.

Scottish clan chief
The Scottish Gaelic word clann means children. In early times, and possibly even today, Scottish clan members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the clan, after whom the clan is named. The clan chief (ceannard cinnidh) is the representative of this founder, and represents the clan. In the Scottish clan system, a chief is greater than a chieftain (ceann-cinnidh), a designation applied to heads of branches of a clan. Scottish clans that no longer have a clan chief are referred to as armigerous clans.
Randy Walker (punter)
Randell Paul "Randy" Walker (born August 29, 1951) is a former punter in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected in the twelfth round of the 1974 NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers and played that season with the team.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Lugouqiao Subdistrict
Lugouqiao Subdistrict (Chinese: 卢沟桥街道; pinyin: Lúgōuqiáo Jiēdào), formerly Lugouqiao Township, is a subdistrict located at the northern end of Fengtai District, Beijing, China. It borders Lugu, Babaoshan, Taipingqiao and Guang'anmenwai Subdistricts to the north, You'anmen Subdistrict to the east, Xincun Subdistrict, Huaxiang and Wanpingcheng Townships to the south, Changxindian Town and Lugu Subdistrict to the west. It has a population of 112,087 within its administrative area as of the 2020 census.

The subdistrict's name (Chinese: 卢沟桥; lit. 'Lu Ditch Bridge'), is the native Chinese name for Marco Polo Bridge, located at Yongding River on the southwest part of the subdistrict.

Fengtai, Beijing
Fengtai District (Chinese: 丰台区; pinyin: Fēngtái Qū) is a district of the city of Beijing. It lies mostly to the southwest of the city center, extending into the city's southwestern suburbs beyond the Sixth Ring Road, but also to the south and, to a smaller extent, the southeast, where it has borders with Chaoyang and Dongcheng.
Niobium nanowire
Niobium nanowires are nanowires made of the element niobium, which is a transition metal. Niobium nanowires in form oxide or nitride are used to detect single photons at low temperatures. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector is an example of something made from these nano-structured materials.

Nanowire
A nanowire is a nanostructure in the form of a wire with the diameter of the order of a nanometre (10−9 m). More generally, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. At these scales, quantum mechanical effects are important—which coined the term "quantum wires".

Many different types of nanowires exist, including superconducting (e.g. YBCO), metallic (e.g. Ni, Pt, Au, Ag), semiconducting (e.g. silicon nanowires (SiNWs), InP, GaN) and insulating (e.g. SiO2, TiO2).

Molecular nanowires are composed of repeating molecular units either organic (e.g. DNA) or inorganic (e.g. Mo6S9−xIx).
Il Colle-Villa
Il Colle-Villa is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Calci, province of Pisa.

The village is composed by the two hamlets of Il Colle (or Colle) and Villa. It is about 11 km from Pisa and 1 km from the municipal seat of La Pieve.

La Pieve, Calci
La Pieve is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Calci, province of Pisa.

La Pieve is the municipal seat of the municipality of Calci. It is about 13 km from Pisa.
Inflatable
An inflatable is an object that can be inflated with a gas, usually with air, but hydrogen, helium, and nitrogen are also used. One of several advantages of an inflatable is that it can be stored in a small space when not inflated, since inflatables depend on the presence of a gas to maintain their size and shape. Function fulfillment per mass used compared with non-inflatable strategies is a key advantage. Stadium cushions, impact guards, vehicle wheel inner tubes, emergency air bags, and inflatable space habitats employ the inflatable principle. Inflation occurs through several strategies: pumps, ram-air, blowing, and suction.

Although the term inflatable can refer to any type of inflatable object, the term is often used in boating to specifically refer to inflatable boats.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Aknalich
Aknalich (or Aknalitch, Armenian: Ակնալիճ; formerly, Aygherlich) is a village in the Armavir Province of Armenia. The village is situated on a lake, after which it is named, to the east of Metsamor.

Aknalich village is the site of the only Yazidi temple in Armenia. A new temple in the village known as Quba Mere Diwane, opened in September 2019. It is the world's largest Yazidi Temple. The 25-meter-tall (82 ft) temple was funded by Armenian-born, Russia-based Yezidi businessman Mirza Sloian.

Metsamor
40°08′34″N 44°06′59″E﻿ / ﻿40.14278°N 44.11639°E﻿ / 40.14278; 44.11639

Metsamor (Armenian: Մեծամոր, Armenian pronunciation: [mɛt͡sɑˈmoɾ]), is a town and urban municipal community in the Armavir Province of Armenia. It is famous for being home to Armenia's Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, the only nuclear plant in the Transcaucasian region. As of the 2011 census, the town had a population of 9,191. As per the 2016 official estimate, Metsamor has a population of around 8,000. As of the 2022 census, the town had a population of 8,472.
Pelican Brewing Company
Pelican Brewing Company is a brewery based in the U.S. state of Oregon. The company was established in Pacific City in 1996. There are also locations in Cannon Beach, Lincoln City, and Tillamook.

The company was recognized by the Australian International Beer Awards and the Oregon Beer Awards in 2021.

Tillamook, Oregon
Tillamook (/ˈtɪləmʊk/ TILL-ə-muuk) is a city in and the county seat of Tillamook County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on the southeast end of Tillamook Bay on the Pacific Ocean. The population was 5,231 at the 2020 census.
Svolvær Church
Svolvær Church (Norwegian: Svolvær kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vågan Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the town of Svolvær on the island of Austvågøya. It is the main church for the Svolvær parish which is part of the Lofoten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, concrete church was built in a long church style in 1934 using plans drawn up by the architects Harald Sund and August Nielsen. The church seats about 400 people.

Vågan Municipality
Vågan (Northern Sami: Vuogát) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Svolvær. Some of the villages in Vågan include Digermulen, Gimsøysand, Gravermarka, Henningsvær, Hopen, Kabelvåg, Kleppstad, Laupstad, Liland, Skrova, Straumnes, and Sydalen.

The 479-square-kilometre (185 sq mi) municipality is the 209th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vågan Municipality is the 117th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,793. The municipality's population density is 20.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (53/sq mi) and its population has increased by 6.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Rectors of the Jagiellonian University
Rectors of the Jagiellonian University – List of rectors of the Jagiellonian University, known also as the Cracow Academy, University of Cracow, and Szkoła Główna Koronna. The list begins in 1400 at the restoration of the university under Jadwiga of Poland and Władysław II Jagiełło.

Paweł Włodkowic
Paweł Włodkowic (Latin: Paulus Vladimiri; ca. 1370 – 9 October 1435) was a Polish scholar, jurist, statesman and rector of the Kraków Academy. He advocated a form of religious tolerance and defended Poland and non-Christian Baltic tribes against the Teutonic Knights and the crusading movement in general.
Whole sour cabbage
Whole sour cabbage is a fermented vegetable food preserve,  popular in Eastern European and Balkan cuisines. It is similar to sauerkraut, with the difference that it is prepared through the lacto-fermentation for several weeks of whole heads of cabbage, not separate leaves or grated mass. No vinegar or boiling is required. It is a homemade food preserve, commonly prepared in large barrels filled with whole cabbage heads and water salted with sea salt.

Vinegar
Vinegar (from Old French  vyn egre 'sour wine') is an odorous aqueous solution of diluted acetic acid and trace compounds that may include flavorings or naturally occurring organic compounds. Vinegar typically contains from 4% to 18% acetic acid by volume.

Usually, the acetic acid is produced by a double fermentation—converting simple sugars to ethanol using yeast, and then converting ethanol to acetic acid using acetic acid bacteria. Many types of vinegar are made, depending on source materials.

The product is now mainly used in the culinary arts as a flavorful, acidic cooking ingredient, salad dressing, or pickling agent. Various types are used as condiments or garnishes, including balsamic vinegar and malt vinegar.

As an easily manufactured mild acid, it has a wide variety of industrial and domestic uses, including functioning as a household cleaner.
The Queen's Own Hussars Museum
The Queen's Own Hussars Museum was a military museum in Warwick in central England. It was housed in a range of 14th century half-timbered buildings known as Lord Leycester Hospital. The Queen's Own Hussars was the senior light cavalry regiment of the British Army. The museum also covered the history of the 7th Queen's Own Hussars and the 3rd The King's Own Hussars. The museum was closed in 2016 and a nearby building known as "Trinity Mews" is being refurbished as the museum of the Queen's Royal Hussars and its antecedent regiments. The new museum is due to open in 2018.

Lord Leycester Hospital
The Lord Leycester Hospital is one of the best preserved examples of medieval courtyard architecture in England and is a charity supporting ex-servicemen. It is located in Warwick, England, next to the West Gate, on High Street. It is a Grade I listed building. The hospital is a prominent feature of Warwick. For almost 900 years buildings have been erected and civic activity has taken place on the site, starting with the chapel built in 1126. The site was donated by the 12th Earl of Warwick in the 14th century to the United Guild of the Holy Trinity and St George. The Guild Hall, Great Hall and Master's House were constructed in the late 15th century. Over the centuries, the ancient buildings and 500 year old gardens have been admired by visitors such as Charles Dickens and Oscar Wilde, King George V and the Queen Mother and travellers from around the world.
Nilakottai Assembly constituency
Nilakottai or Nilakkottai is a state assembly constituency in Dindigul district in Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 130. It comes under Dindigul Lok Sabha constituency. It is reserved for members of the Scheduled Castes. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India. Elections and winners from this constituency are listed below.

Dindigul district
Dindigul district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Dindigul District is the largest district in Tamil Nadu by area. The district was carved out of Madurai District in 1985. It has an area of 6266.64 km2 and comprises 3 revenue divisions, 10 taluks, and 14 panchayat unions. The district is  located in Southwest of Tamil Nadu. The district is bound by Madurai district in the south,Tiruppur district in the northwest, Karur district in the north, Tiruchirappalli district in the northeast,  Theni district in the Southwest and Idukki district of Kerala to the west. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,159,775 with a sex-ratio of 998 females for every 1,000 males.
Tadpole Island
Tadpole Island is an island just north of Ferin Head, off the west coast of Graham Land. Charted by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill, 1934–37. The name, given by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959, is descriptive of the island's shape when seen from the air.

Ferin Head
Ferin Head (65°59′S 65°20′W﻿ / ﻿65.983°S 65.333°W﻿ / -65.983; -65.333) is a headland 4 nautical miles (7 km) north of the entrance to Holtedahl Bay, in the northwest of Velingrad Peninsula on the Graham Coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, who from a distant position in Pendleton Strait charted this feature as an island, which Jean-Baptiste Charcot named for A. Ferin, French Vice-consul at Ponta Delgada in the Azores. The British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill, 1934–37, charted this coast and correlated their work with that of Charcot. Ferin Head, as here applied, is in accord with the BGLE interpretation.
Vanj District
Vanj District or Nahiya-e Vanj (Tajik: Ноҳияи Ванҷ) is a district in eastern Tajikistan, in the north-west of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, with administrative capital Vanj.

It is located east of the river Panj at the point where the Panj turns from north to west. It is roughly rectangular, tending to the southwest. It is bounded on the west by the Panj and Afghanistan, on the northwest by Darvoz District, on the north by the Darvoz Range and Farkhor District of Khatlon Region, on the east (approximately) by the Academy of Sciences Range and Murghob District and on the south by the Yazgulem Range and Rushon District.  It corresponds to the valleys of the rivers Vanj (north) and Yazgulem (south), separated by the Vanj Range. The population of Vanj District is 34,400 (1 January 2020 estimate).

Yazgulem Range
Yazgulem Range is a mountain range of the western Pamir Mountains.

It is located in Tajikistan's Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province stretches for about 170 km between the Yazgulyam River and the Bartang River in the western Pamirs. The range rises in a north-eastern direction from the border with Afghanistan toward its highest elevation at Independence Peak (6,974 m). The average elevation ranges between 4,500 and 6,000 m. Glaciers cover about 630 km2 of the range, including the Fedchenko Glacier stretching northwards.
59th New York Infantry Regiment
The 59th New York Infantry Regiment was a regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.  As part of the Second Corps of the Army of the Potomac, it played a significant role in battles such as Antietam and Gettysburg.

Antietam National Battlefield
Antietam National Battlefield is a National Park Service-protected area along Antietam Creek in Sharpsburg, Washington County, northwestern Maryland. It commemorates the American Civil War Battle of Antietam that occurred on September 17, 1862.

The area, situated on fields among the Appalachian foothills near the Potomac River, features the battlefield site and visitor center, a national military cemetery, stone arch Burnside's Bridge, and a field hospital museum.
O2 Czech Republic
O2 Czech Republic (operating under the O2 brand) is a major integrated operator in the Czech Republic. It is now operating more than six million lines, both fixed and mobile, making it one of the Czech Republic's largest providers of fully converged services. O2 Czech Republic operates a fixed and mobile network including a 3rd generation network, CDMA (for data), UMTS and EDGE, enabling voice, data and video transmission. O2 Czech Republic is also a provider of ICT services.

Previously two companies, fixed-line operator Český Telecom and mobile operator Eurotel, it was acquired by the Spanish company Telefónica in 2005 and merged into a single legal entity and given its present name on 1 July 2006 .

In 2013 it was announced that Telefónica would sell its stake in the company to PPF and the company would continue to use the O2 brand for a maximum of four years.  In August 2017 the brand license agreement was extended to 2022, with a 5 year extension to 2027 available.

Telefónica
Telefónica, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [teleˈfonika]) is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company. It has headquarters as well as a registered office in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadband, and subscription television, operating in Europe and the Americas.

Along with its Telefónica brand, it also trades as Movistar, O2, and Vivo. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. On 15 April 2012, Telefónica shut down TVA and Ajacto, which unified the brand into Vivo.
David Bredehoft
David J. Bredehoft, Ph.D., CFLE, is the former chair of the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences at Concordia University, Saint Paul, in Minnesota as well as a former Professor of Psychology and Family Studies. Along with Jean Illsley Clarke and Connie Dawson, he is a co-author of the 2003 parenting book How Much is Enough? Everything You Need to Know to Steer Clear of Overindulgence and Raise Likeable, Responsible, and Respectful Children.

Concordia University, St. Paul
Concordia University, St. Paul is a private university in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was founded in 1893 and enrolls nearly 5,900 students. It is a member of the Concordia University System, which is operated by the second-largest Lutheran church body in the United States, the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod. The school was a two-year college until 1964. The name Concordia University, St. Paul was adopted in 1997.
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacuna (pl. lacunae or lacunas) is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or musical work. A manuscript, text, or section suffering from gaps is said to be "lacunose" or "lacunulose".

Weathering, decay, and other damage to old manuscripts or inscriptions are often responsible for lacunae - words, sentences, or whole passages that are missing or illegible. Palimpsests are particularly vulnerable. To reconstruct the original text, the context must be considered. In papyrology and textual criticism, this may lead to competing reconstructions and interpretations. Published texts that contain lacunae often mark the section where text is missing with a bracketed ellipsis. For example, "This sentence contains 20 words, and [...] nouns," or, "Finally, the army arrived at [...] and made camp."

Palimpsest
In textual studies, a palimpsest (/ˈpælɪmpsɛst/) is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off in preparation for reuse in the form of another document. Parchment was made of lamb, calf, or goat skin and was expensive and not readily available, so, in the interest of economy, a page was often re-used by scraping off the previous writing. In colloquial usage, the term palimpsest is also used in architecture, archaeology and geomorphology to denote an object made or worked upon for one purpose and later reused for another; for example, a monumental brass on which the blank reverse side has been re-engraved.