hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quarter (urban subdivision)
A quarter is a section of an urban settlement. A quarter can be administratively defined and its borders officially designated, and it may have its own administrative structure (subordinate to that of the city, town or other urban area). Such a division is particularly common in countries like Bulgaria (Bulgarian: квартал, romanized: kvartal), Croatia (četvrt), France (Quartier), Georgia (კვარტალი, k'vart'ali),  Italy (Quartiere), Romania (Cartier), and Serbia (четврт / četvrt). It may be denoted as a borough (in English-speaking countries), Portugal/Brazil (bairro), Spain (barrio); or some other term (e.g. Cambodia (សង្កាត់ sangkat), Germany (Stadtteil), and Poland (dzielnica)).

Quarter can also refer to a non-administrative but distinct neighbourhood with its own character: for example, a slum quarter. It is often used for a district connected with a particular group of people: for instance, some cities are said to have Jewish quarters, diplomatic quarters or Bohemian quarters.

Jewish quarter (diaspora)
In the Jewish diaspora, a Jewish quarter (also known as jewry, juiverie, Judengasse, Jewynstreet, Jewtown, Judería or proto-ghetto) is the area of a city traditionally inhabited by Jews. Jewish quarters, like the Jewish ghettos in Europe, were often the outgrowths of segregated ghettos instituted by the surrounding Christian or Muslim authorities. A Yiddish term for a Jewish quarter or neighborhood is "Di yiddishe gas" (Yiddish: די ייִדישע גאַס ), or "The Jewish quarter." While in Ladino, they are known as maalé yahudí, meaning "The Jewish quarter".

Many European and Near Eastern cities once had a historical Jewish quarter and some still have it. The history of the Jews in Iraq is documented from the time of the Babylonian captivity c. 586 BC. Iraqi Jews constitute one of the world's oldest and most historically significant Jewish communities.
IBM Remote Access Computing
IBM Remote Access Computing (RAX) is a discontinued early time-sharing system for IBM System/360 introduced in 1966. RAX was based on an earlier system, RACS. developed jointly by IBM and Lockheed Aircraft in Marietta, Georgia in 1965. The system influenced a number of other timesharing systems including MCGILL-RAX from McGill University, McGill's MUSIC, and Reactive Terminal Service (RTS) from ITT Data Services. In the 1970s Boston University used RAX as the basis of its VPS system, which ran as a guest operating system running on VM/370.

Time-sharing
In computing, time-sharing is the concurrent sharing of a computing resource among many tasks or users by giving each task or user a small slice of processing time. This quick switch between tasks or users gives the illusion of simultaneous execution. It enables multi-tasking by a single user or enables multiple-user sessions.

Developed during the 1960s, its emergence as the prominent model of computing in the 1970s represented a major technological shift in the history of computing. By allowing many users to interact concurrently with a single computer, time-sharing dramatically lowered the cost of providing computing capability, made it possible for individuals and organizations to use a computer without owning one, and promoted the interactive use of computers and the development of new interactive applications.
Railtrack
Railtrack was a group of companies that owned the track, signalling, tunnels, bridges, level crossings and all but a handful of the stations of the British railway system from 1994 until 2002. It was created as part of the privatisation of British Rail, listed on the London Stock Exchange, and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. In 2002, after experiencing major financial difficulty, most of Railtrack's operations were transferred to the state-controlled non-profit company Network Rail. The remainder of Railtrack was renamed RT Group plc and eventually dissolved on 22 June 2010.

Secretary of State for Transport
The secretary of state for transport, also referred to as the transport secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the policies of the Department for Transport. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The office holder works alongside the other transport ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for transport, and the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Transport Select Committee.

The position of secretary of state for transport is held by Heidi Alexander, who was appointed by Keir Starmer following the resignation of Louise Haigh.
Brementowne Mall
Brementowne Mall was a enclosed shopping mall in Tinley Park, Illinois. It opened in 1973 and was redeveloped in 1994. The interior portion of the mall was redeveloped into Menards and the Amish Furniture Shoppe.

Tinley Park, Illinois
Tinley Park is a village in Cook and Will counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 55,971 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 54,856 in 2024. It is a suburb in the Chicago metropolitan area.
Judicate of Cagliari
The Judicate of Cagliari (Sardinian: Judicadu de Càralis / Càlaris, Italian: Giudicato di Cagliari) was one of the four kingdoms or judicates (iudicati, literally "judgeship") into which Sardinia was divided during the Middle Ages.

The Judicate of Cagliari occupied the entire southern portion of the island and was composed of thirteen subdivisions called curatoriae. It bordered the judicates of Arborea to the northwest and Logudoro and Gallura to the northeast.

Archdiocese of Pisa
The Archdiocese of Pisa (Latin: Archidioecesis Pisana) is a Latin Church metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Pisa, Italy.  It was founded in the 4th century and elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on 21 April 1092 by Pope Urban II. The seat of the bishop is the cathedral of the Assumption in the Piazza del Duomo.

The archbishop of Pisa presides over the Ecclesiastical Province of Pisa, which includes the dioceses of Livorno, Massa Carrara-Pontremoli, Pescia, and Volterra.

In 2025, Pope Francis nominated Fr. Saverio Cannistrà, OCD, former superior general of the Order of Discalced Carmelites as archbishop of Pisa, replacing Giovanni Paolo Benotto, who has been archbishop since 2008.
2012–13 Annan Athletic F.C. season
The 2012–13 season was Annan Athletic's fifth consecutive season in the Scottish Third Division, having been admitted to the Scottish Football League at the start of the 2008–09 season. Annan also competed in the Challenge Cup, League Cup and the Scottish Cup.

2012–13 Scottish Cup
The 2012–13 Scottish Cup was the 128th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The tournament began on 4 August 2012 and ended on 26 May 2013. It was sponsored by bookmaker William Hill in the second season of a three-year partnership and is known as the William Hill Scottish Cup. The winner of the competition qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League. The holders Hearts were knocked out by their Edinburgh rivals Hibernian in the fourth round, in a repeat of the previous season's final.
2013 Tromsø IL season
The 2013 season was Tromsø's 11th consecutive year in Tippeligaen, and their 27th season in the top flight of Norwegian football, a run that came to an end as they were relegated to the Adeccoligaen after finishing 15th. They also participated in the 2013 Norwegian Football Cup, reaching the Fourth Round before defeat to Rosenborg. They also played in the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League, reaching the Group Stage before finishing bottom behind Tottenham Hotspur, Anzhi Makhachkala and Sheriff Tiraspol. It was their first season under the management of Agnar Christensen, but he was replaced by Steinar Nilsen on 1 October 2013.

FC Anzhi Makhachkala
Football Club Anzhi Makhachkala (Russian: Футбо́льный клуб «Анжи́» Махачкала́, pronounced [fʊdˈbolʲnɨj ˈklup ɐnˈʐɨ məxətɕkɐˈla]), known simply as FC Anji, is a Russian semi-professional football club based in the Dagestani capital of Makhachkala. Founded in 1991, the club now competes in the fifth-tier of Russian Football, the Russian Amateur Football League.

In January 2011, Anzhi Makhachkala was purchased by billionaire Suleyman Kerimov, and subsequently made numerous high-profile signings, including those of striker Samuel Eto'o and defender Roberto Carlos. Following severe budget cuts ahead of the 2013–14 Russian Premier League season, the club lost most of its key players and went on to finish bottom of the table, which resulted in relegation to the Russian National Football League at the end of the season.
Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza
Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza Klub Sportowy Spółka Akcyjna, commonly referred to as Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza (Polish pronunciation: [ˈbruɡbɛt tɛrmaˈlika ɲɛˈt͡ɕɛt͡ʂa]), is a Polish professional football club based in Nieciecza. They compete in the Ekstraklasa, the top level of the Polish football league system.

III liga
III liga (Trzecia liga, lit. 'Third League'), currently named Betclic III liga due to its sponsorship by Betclic,  is a Polish football league that sits in the fourth tier of the Polish football league system. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, III liga referred to a league at the third tier (now called II liga) but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top level league in Poland.

Groups of III liga are divided based on administrative division of Poland. Top teams of III liga are promoted to II liga and bottom teams are relegated to IV liga.
Zhari Namco
Zhari Namco or  Zhari Nanmu or  Lake Trari Nam (Tibetan: བཀྲ་རི་གནམ་མཚོ, Wylie: bkra ri gnam mtsho, Chinese: 扎日南木错) is a salt lake in Tibet, China. It is bounded on the west by Coqên County of Ngari Prefecture, and on the east by Ngamring County of Shigatse Prefecture. Zhari Namco is 996.9 square kilometres (384.9 sq mi), with a drainage area of 15,433.2 square kilometres (5,958.8 sq mi), an elevation of 4,613 metres (15,135 ft), length 54.3 kilometres (33.7 mi) and mean width 18.36 kilometres (11.41 mi) (maximum width 26.2 kilometres [16.3 mi]). It is located east of Coqên Town in southern Tibet.

Ngari Prefecture
Ngari Prefecture (Tibetan: མངའ་རིས་ས་ཁུལ།, Wylie: mnga' ris sa khul, ZWPY: ngari sakü) or Ali Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 阿里地区; traditional Chinese: 阿里地區; pinyin: Ālǐ Dìqū) is a prefecture of China's Tibet Autonomous Region covering Western Tibet, whose traditional name is Ngari Khorsum. Its administrative centre and largest settlement is the town of Shiquanhe. It is one of the least densely populated areas in the world, with 0.4 people per square kilometer (1.0 per square mile).
304th Rescue Squadron
The 304th Rescue Squadron is an Air Force Reserve Command combat search and rescue unit located at Portland Air National Guard Base, Oregon. The squadron is a geographically separated unit assigned to the 943d Rescue Group at Davis–Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, and the 920th Rescue Wing at Patrick Space Force Base, Florida. First activated in 1957, the 304th has provided continuous search & rescue operations for over 65 years.

Sikorsky S-61R
The Sikorsky S-61R is a twin-engine helicopter used in transport or search and rescue roles. A developed version of the S-61 (the SH-3 Sea King), the S-61R was also built under license by Agusta as the AS-61R. The S-61R served in the United States Air Force as the CH-3C/E Sea King and the HH-3E Jolly Green Giant, and with the United States Coast Guard as the HH-3F, nicknamed "Pelican".
This article covers several different variants of this type in different roles, one major difference of the S-61R compared to the S-61 was a rear ramp.

The S-61R is recognized for its Search and Rescue and cargo hauling abilities.
SIGMA (verification service)
SIGMA is an electronic verification service offered by Nielsen Media Research and is generally used for commercials, infomercials, video news releases, public service announcements, satellite media tours, and electronic press kits.

It operates by encoding the SIGMA encoder ID, date of encoding, and time of encoding in lines 20 and 22 of the video signal, which is outside of the area displayed on a normal television screen (this is similar to how closed captioning is transmitted).

On a professional video monitor with underscan capability activated or a computer display of the entire video frame, the SIGMA data will look like small, moving white lines at the top of the frame. Nielsen provides overnight reports of airplay in all television markets in the country.

Film frame
In filmmaking, video production, animation, and related fields, a frame is one of the many still images which compose the complete moving picture. The term is derived from the historical development of film stock, in which the sequentially recorded single images look like a framed picture when examined individually.

The term may also be used more generally as a noun or verb to refer to the edges of the image as seen in a camera viewfinder or projected on a screen. Thus, the camera operator can be said to keep a car in frame by panning with it as it speeds past.
CCL15
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15 (CCL15) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as leukotactin-1, MIP5 and HCC-2.  CCL15 is expressed in liver, small intestine, colon, and in certain leukocytes and macrophages of the lung. It is chemotactic for neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes and elicits its effects by binding to cell surface chemokine receptors like CCR1 and CCR3.  The human CCL15 gene spans four exons and is located in a head-to-tail orientation on chromosome 17 with the gene of another CC chemokine known as CCL14.

CCL14
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14 (CCL14) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is also commonly known as HCC-1.  It is produced as a protein precursor that is processed to generate a mature active protein containing 74 amino acids that and is 46% identical in amino acid composition to CCL3 and CCL4.  This chemokine is expressed in various tissues including spleen, bone marrow, liver, muscle, and gut.  CCL14 activates monocytes, but does not induce their chemotaxis. Human CCL14 is located on chromosome 17 within a cluster of other chemokines belonging to the CC family.
Vibhavadi Hospital
Vibhavadi Hospital (SET: VIBHA) is a hospital located on Vibhavadi Rangsit Road in Chatuchak District in Bangkok, Thailand.
The hospital has 350 beds to accommodate patients, there are more than 70 examination rooms which provide services to some 2,000 outpatients. 
They have a medical center which offer more than 50 full-time physicians, 250 consulting physicians and important medical equipment.

Chatuchak district
Chatuchak (Thai: จตุจักร, pronounced [t͡ɕàʔ.tùʔ.t͡ɕàk]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. The district is bounded by seven other districts (from the north clockwise): Lak Si, Bang Khen, Lat Phrao, Huai Khwang, Din Daeng, Phaya Thai, and Bang Sue.
Iberogast
Iberogast, also known as STW5, is a liquid formulation of nine herbs used for functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome.  A proprietary blend, it was developed in Germany in 1961 and is available (without prescription) in other countries.  Named after the genus (Iberis) of one of its ingredients, it is also claimed to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and free radical–inhibiting properties as well as the ability to reduce gastric acid secretion.

Iberogast is a mixture of extracts from bitter candytuft (Iberis amara), angelica root (Angelicae radix), milk thistle fruit (Silybi mariani fructus), celandine herb (Chelidonium majus), caraway fruit (Carvi fructus), liquorice root (Liquiritiae radix), peppermint herb (Menthae piperitae folium), balm leaf (Melissae folium), and chamomile flower (Matricariae flos).

Silybum marianum
Silybum marianum is a species of thistle.  It has various common names including milk thistle, blessed milkthistle, Marian thistle, Mary thistle, Saint Mary's thistle, Mediterranean milk thistle, variegated thistle and Scotch thistle (not to be confused with Onopordum acanthium or Cirsium vulgare). This species is an annual or biennial plant of the family Asteraceae. This fairly typical thistle has red to purple flowers and shiny pale green leaves with white veins. Once native from Southern Europe through Asia, it has spread throughout the world.
Birla Institute of Applied Sciences
Birla Institute of Applied Sciences (BIAS), is a higher education institute located in Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India. It is a sister institute to the Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi. Formerly affiliated to Kumaon University, it is affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University.

Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (BIT, Mesra) is a government funded technical institute (GFTI) situated at Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. It was declared as a deemed university under Section 3 of the UGC Act. The institute was included under Section 12B of the UGC Act, 1956, in November 2023.
Brane
In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity), a brane is a physical object that generalizes the notion of a zero-dimensional point particle, a one-dimensional string, or a two-dimensional membrane to higher-dimensional objects. Branes are  dynamical objects which can propagate through spacetime according to the rules of quantum mechanics. They have mass and can have other attributes such as charge.

Mathematically, branes can be represented within categories, and are studied in pure mathematics for insight into homological mirror symmetry and noncommutative geometry.

The word "brane" originated in 1987 as a contraction of "membrane".

Topological string theory
In theoretical physics, topological string theory is a version of string theory. Topological string theory appeared in papers by theoretical physicists, such as Edward Witten and Cumrun Vafa, by analogy with Witten's earlier idea of topological quantum field theory.
65 Arietis
65 Arietis is a star in the northern constellation of Aries, located near Tau Arietis. 65 Arietis, abbreviated '65 Ari', is the Flamsteed designation. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.07, which, according to the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, means it is faintly visible to the naked eye when viewed from dark suburban skies. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 9.45±0.09 mas, it is approximately 345 light-years (106 parsecs) distant from the Sun. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of around −6 km/s.

This is an ordinary A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A1 V. It has about 2.1 times the mass of the Sun and shines with 47 times the Sun's luminosity. This energy is being radiated into outer space at an effective temperature of 10,332 K, giving it the white-hued glow of an A-type star. It is roughly 23% of the way through its lifetime on the main sequence of core hydrogen burning stars.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.
24th César Awards
The 24th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best French films of 1998 and took place on 6 March 1999 at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris. The ceremony was chaired by Isabelle Huppert and hosted by Antoine de Caunes. The Dreamlife of Angels won the award for Best Film.

Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma
The Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (English: Academy of Cinema Arts and Techniques) is an organization that gives out the César Award. It was created in 1975, on the initiative of Georges Cravenne.
Tim Ream
Timothy Michael Ream (born October 5, 1987) is an American professional soccer  player who plays as a centre-back or left-back for Major League Soccer club Charlotte FC and captains the United States national team.

2010 MLS SuperDraft
The 2010 MLS SuperDraft was the eleventh annual SuperDraft presented by Major League Soccer. It was held on January 14, 2010 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, during the 2010 NSCAA Convention. The 2010 SuperDraft consisted of four rounds with sixteen selections each, for a total of 64 players selected during the draft. The draft preceded the 2010 MLS season.

Philadelphia served as host to the 2010 draft the same year the Philadelphia Union begin play in MLS.  As an expansion team, Philadelphia received the rights to the first selection in each of the four rounds.  As the champion from the 2009 MLS season, Real Salt Lake had the rights to the final selections in each round. As similar in other drafts, teams may trade these rights away to other teams for other rights such as players, special roster spots, or other rights of interest.
Quasitoric manifold
In mathematics, a quasitoric manifold is a topological analogue of the nonsingular projective toric variety of algebraic geometry. A smooth -dimensional manifold is a quasitoric manifold if it admits a smooth, locally standard action of an -dimensional torus, with orbit space an -dimensional simple convex polytope.

Quasitoric manifolds were introduced in 1991 by M. Davis and T. Januszkiewicz, who called them "toric manifolds". However, the term "quasitoric manifold" was eventually adopted to avoid confusion with the class of compact smooth toric varieties, which are known to algebraic geometers as toric manifolds.

Quasitoric manifolds are studied in a variety of contexts in algebraic topology, such as complex cobordism theory, and the other oriented cohomology theories.

Toric manifold
In mathematics, a toric manifold is a topological analogue of toric variety in algebraic geometry. It is an even-dimensional manifold with an effective smooth action of an -dimensional compact torus which is locally standard with the orbit space a simple convex polytope.

The aim is to do combinatorics on the quotient polytope and obtain information on the manifold above. For example, the Euler characteristic and the cohomology ring of the manifold can be described in terms of the polytope.
Sholing
Sholing, previously Scholing, is a suburb on the eastern side of the city of Southampton, in the ceremonial county of Hampshire, England. It is located between the districts of Bitterne, Thornhill and Woolston.

Various explanations from where the name derives but the most popular is that "Sholing" derives from the Anglo-Saxon phrase for "hill on the shore."

The parish church for Sholing, St Mary's, was opened in 1866. The first Vicar, the Rev. Francis Davidson, (the father of the "Rector of Stiffkey" Harold Davidson) remained in place for the first 48 years.

Thornhill, Southampton
Thornhill is a suburb of Southampton, United Kingdom, situated on the eastern border of the city and bounded by three major roads. According to the 2001 census the population was 11,460. Those under age 16 represent 23.4% of the population, 5% more than the city figure of 18.2%; those over age 65 represent 17.4% of the population, again higher than the city average of 14.5%.