hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ovum quality
Ovum quality is the measure of the ability of an oocyte (the female gamete) to achieve successful fertilisation and develop into a viable embryo. The quality is determined by metabolic and chromosomal competency of the oocyte, which are susceptible to various factors which impact quality and thus reproductive success. This is of significance as an embryo's development is more heavily reliant on the oocyte in comparison to the sperm.

Fertilisation
Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a zygote and initiate its development into a new individual organism or offspring. While processes such as insemination or pollination, which happen before the fusion of gametes, are also sometimes informally referred to as fertilisation, these are technically separate processes. The cycle of fertilisation and development of new individuals is called sexual reproduction. During double fertilisation in angiosperms, the haploid male gamete combines with two haploid polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus by the process of vegetative fertilisation.
John McNamara (fraudster)
John M. McNamara (born 1940) is an American former businessman who was convicted of a Ponzi scheme fraud through gaining loans to a value of $6 billion from General Motors financing arm GMAC, to develop a $400M car sales and property development business.

Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (/ˈpɒnzi/, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian con artist Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business activities (whereas the business activities are non-existent), or by exaggerating the extent and profitability of the legitimate business activities, using new investments to fabricate or supplement these profits. A Ponzi scheme can maintain the illusion of a sustainable business as long as investors continue to contribute new funds, and as long as most of the investors do not demand full repayment or lose faith in the non-existent assets they are purported to own.
Coarse facial features
Coarse facial features (coarse facies) is a constellation of facial features that are present in many inborn errors of metabolism.

Features include:

large, bulging head

prominent scalp veins

"saddle-like, flat bridged nose with broad, fleshy tip"

large lips and tongue

small, widely spaced and/or malformed teeth

hypertrophic alveolar ridges and/or gums

The head tends to be longer than normal from front to back, with a bulging forehead. This is because of the premature fusion of skull bones in the affected person.

Hunter syndrome
Hunter syndrome, or mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disease in which large sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (or GAGs or mucopolysaccharides) build up in body tissues. Hunter syndrome is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (I2S). The lack of this enzyme causes heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate to accumulate in all body tissues. Hunter syndrome is the only MPS syndrome to exhibit X-linked recessive inheritance.

The symptoms of Hunter syndrome are comparable to those of MPS I. It causes abnormalities in many organs, including the skeleton, heart, and respiratory system. In severe cases, this leads to death during the teenage years. Unlike MPS I, corneal clouding is not associated with this disease.
John Storey (politician)
John Storey (15 May 1869 – 5 October 1921) was an Australian politician who was Premier of New South Wales from 12 April 1920 until his sudden death in Sydney. His leadership enabled the New South Wales Labor Party to recover after the split over conscription and to allow it to continue to be a left-wing pragmatist rather than a socialist party.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Neptune's Grotto
Neptune's Grotto (Italian: Grotta di Nettuno; Catalan: Cova de Neptú) is a stalactite cave near the town of Alghero on the island of Sardinia, Italy. The cave was discovered by local fishermen in the 18th century and has since developed into a popular tourist attraction. The grotto gets its name from the Roman god of the sea, Neptune.

Neptune (mythology)
Neptune (Latin: Neptūnus [nɛpˈtuːnʊs]) is the god of freshwater and the sea in the Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. In the Greek-inspired tradition, he is a brother of Jupiter and Pluto, with whom he presides over the realms of heaven, the earthly world (including the underworld), and the seas. Salacia is his wife.

Depictions of Neptune in Roman mosaics, especially those in North Africa, were influenced by Hellenistic conventions. He was likely associated with freshwater springs before the sea; his festival, Neptunalia, took place on July 23, during the peak of summer when water was scarcest. Like Poseidon, he was also worshipped by the Romans as a god of horses, Neptunus equestris, who was also a patron of horse-racing.
1915 AAA Championship Car season
The 1915 AAA Championship Car season consisted of 27 races, beginning in San Diego, California on January 9 and concluding in San Francisco, California on November 25. The AAA did not award points towards a National Championship during the 1915 season and did not declare a National Champion. Ralph DePalma won the International 500 Mile Sweepstakes.

Earl Cooper was named the de facto National Champion by the American automobile journal Motor Age. Points were not awarded by the AAA Contest Board during the 1915 season. Cooper was named champion by Chris G. Sinsabaugh, an editor at Motor Age, based on merit and on-track performance. A points table was created retroactively in 1927. Historians later recognized that these championship results should be considered unofficial.

1915 Indianapolis 500
The 5th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Monday, May 31, 1915. The traditional race date of May 30 fell on a Sunday, but race organizers declined to schedule the race for Sunday. The race was set for Saturday May 29, but heavy rains in the days leading up to the race flooded the grounds and made some roads leading to the track impassible. Officials decided to postpone the race until Monday May 31 in order to allow the grounds to dry out. Speedway management would maintain their policy to not race on Sundays until 1974.

After a loss in 1912, Ralph DePalma succeeded in victory for 1915. DePalma was accompanied by riding mechanic Louis Fountaine.
Helga the Fair
Helga the Fair was an Icelandic woman whose life and relationships are described in Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu. She is the daughter of Þorsteinn Egilsson and his wife Jofrid, and the granddaughter of Egill Skallagrímsson. Helga is trapped in a love triangle with Gunnlaugr Ormstunga and Hrafn Önundarson, which eventually leads to the men's deaths.

Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu
Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu (listenⓘ) or the Saga of Gunnlaugur Serpent-Tongue is one of the sagas of Icelanders. Composed at the end of the 13th century, it is preserved complete in a slightly younger manuscript. It contains 25 verses of skaldic poetry attributed to the main characters.

It is an important work in both Norwegian and Icelandic literary history. Gunnlaugur is sometimes Anglicized as Gunnlaug. The cognomen can also be translated as Worm-Tongue or Snake-Tongue.

The saga has similarities to earlier sagas of poets, such as Kormáks saga and Bjarnar saga, but it is more refined and elegant with strong characterisation and emotional impact. Long considered a masterpiece, the saga is often read by beginning students of Old Norse literature. Printed with a Latin translation and commentary in 1775, it was the first of the Icelanders' sagas to be published in a scholarly edition.
Borneo thrush
The Borneo thrush (Turdus poliocephalus seebohmi), also known as the mountain blackbird or locally in Dusun as Luhui tana, is a bird in the thrush family.  It is a subspecies of the island thrush (Turdus poliocephalus, sensu lato) endemic to the island of Borneo.

Island thrush
The island thrush species complex has been split into 17 species:

Bismarck island thrush, Turdus heinrothi

Bougainville island thrush, Turdus bougainvillei

Christmas island thrush, Turdus erythropleurus

Fiji island thrush, Turdus ruficeps

Luzon island thrush, Turdus thomassoni

Mindanao island thrush, Turdus nigrorum

Mindoro island thrush, Turdus mindorensis

Moluccan island thrush, Turdus deningeri

New Caledonian island thrush, Turdus xanthopus

Papuan island thrush, Turdus papuensis

Samoan island thrush, Turdus samoensis

Solomons island thrush, Turdus kulambangrae

Sundaic island thrush, Turdus javanicus

Tasman Sea island thrush, Turdus poliocephalus

Vanikoro island thrush, Turdus vanikorensis

Wallacean island thrush, Turdus schlegelii

White-headed island thrush, Turdus pritzbueri
Pseudo-functor
In mathematics, a pseudofunctor F is a mapping from a category to the category Cat of (small) categories that is just like a functor except that  and  do not hold as exact equalities but only up to coherent isomorphisms.

A typical example is an assignment to each pullback , which is a contravariant
pseudofunctor since, for example for a quasi-coherent sheaf , we only have:

Since Cat is a 2-category, more generally, one can also consider a pseudofunctor between 2-categories, where coherent isomorphisms are given as invertible 2-morphisms.

The Grothendieck construction associates to a contravariant pseudofunctor a fibered category, and conversely, each fibered category is induced by some contravariant pseudofunctor. Because of this, a contravariant pseudofunctor, which is a category-valued presheaf, is often also called a prestack (a stack minus effective descent).

Presheaf (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a presheaf on a category  is a functor . If  is the poset of open sets in a topological space, interpreted as a category, then one recovers the usual notion of presheaf on a topological space.

A morphism of presheaves is defined to be a natural transformation of functors.  This makes the collection of all presheaves on  into a category, and is an example of a functor category. It is often written as  and it  is called the category of presheaves on .  A functor into  is sometimes called a profunctor.

A presheaf that is naturally isomorphic to the contravariant hom-functor Hom(–, A) for some object A of C is called a representable presheaf.

Some authors refer to a functor  as a -valued presheaf.
St Mary and St Peter's Church, Harlaxton
St Mary and St Peter's Church is a Grade I listed Church of England parish church dedicated to Saint Mary and Saint Peter in Harlaxton, Lincolnshire, England. The church is 2 miles (3 km) south-east from Grantham, and at the eastern edge of the Vale of Belvoir in South Kesteven.

St Mary and St Peter's is noted in particular for its association with and memorials to the Harlaxton Manor Gregory and de Ligne families, c.1410 effigies of Sir Richard Rickhill and his wife, Elizabeth, and the church's 19th-century restoration by John Oldrid Scott

The church is within the Harlaxton conservation area. It is in the ecclesiastical parish of Harlaxton and is part of the Harlaxton Group of Parishes in the Deanery of Loveden and the Diocese of Lincoln. Other churches in the same group are St Andrew’s, Denton; All Saints’, Stroxton; St James’, Woolsthorpe; and St Catherine's, Wyville.

Harlaxton
Harlaxton is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the edge of the Vale of Belvoir and just off the A607, 2 miles (3 km) south-west from Grantham and 12 miles (19 km) north-east from Melton Mowbray.
Planet Earth (Duran Duran song)
"Planet Earth" is the debut single by the English pop rock band Duran Duran, released on 2 February 1981.

It was an immediate hit in the band's native UK, reaching number 12 on the UK Singles Chart on 21 February, and did even better in Australia, hitting number 8 to become Duran Duran's first top 10 hit anywhere in the world. Along with the track, "Girls on Film", "Planet Earth" also hit the top 40 on the US dance charts.

The song later appeared on the band's eponymous debut studio album Duran Duran, released in June 1981.

John Taylor (bass guitarist)
Nigel John Taylor (born 20 June 1960) is a British musician who is best known as the bass guitarist for new wave band Duran Duran, of which he was a founding member. Duran Duran was one of the most popular bands in the world during the 1980s due in part to their music videos which played in heavy rotation in the early days of MTV. Taylor played with Duran Duran from its founding in 1978 until 1997, when he left to pursue a solo recording and film career. He recorded a dozen solo releases (albums, EPs, and video projects) through his private record label B5 Records over the next four years, had a lead role in the movie Sugar Town, and made appearances in a half dozen other film projects. He rejoined Duran Duran for a reunion of the original five members in 2001 and has remained with the group since.

Taylor was also a member of two supergroups: the Power Station and Neurotic Outsiders.
Dailuoding
Dailuoding (simplified Chinese: 黛螺顶; traditional Chinese: 黛螺頂; pinyin: Daìluódǐng) is a Buddhist temple located on Mount Wutai of Taihuai Town, in Wutai County, Shanxi, China. The temple has been listed among the first group of National Key Buddhist Temples in Han Chinese Area in 1983.

Wutai County
Wutai County (Chinese: 五台县; pinyin: Wǔtái Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Xinzhou, in the northeast of Shanxi Province, China, bordering Hebei province to the east. It is named after Mount Wutai, which is located within its borders. It was the birthplace of Chinese Warlord and General Yan Xishan. The county spans an area of 2,865 square kilometers, and has a permanent population of 307,200 as of 2018.
FK Králův Dvůr
FK Králův Dvůr is a football club located in Králův Dvůr, Czech Republic. It currently (2025–26) plays in the Bohemian Football League.

The club, playing in the third division, caused an upset in the second round of the 2012–13 Czech Cup by dumping out top flight side 1. FK Příbram.

FK Příbram
FK Příbram is a Czech professional football club based in Příbram. After the 2024–25 season, the club replaced MFK Vyškov in the Czech National Football League. FK Příbram is the legal successor to Dukla Prague, a club which won 11 national league titles between 1953 and 1982.
Jacob Trouba
Jacob Ryan Trouba (born February 26, 1994) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a defenseman for the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Trouba was drafted by the Winnipeg Jets in the first round, ninth overall, of the 2012 NHL entry draft. Trouba played the first six years of his career in Winnipeg before he was traded to the New York Rangers in 2019. Trouba spent five seasons with the Rangers including two and a half seasons as captain before his trade to the Anaheim Ducks in 2024.

NHL conference finals
The National Hockey League (NHL) conference finals are the Eastern Conference and Western Conference championship series of the NHL. The conference finals are each a best-of-seven series, and comprise the third round of the Stanley Cup playoffs. The two series are played in mid-to-late May (early June in 1995 and 2013, due to labour disputes that delayed the start of the season and September in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). The winners of the Eastern and Western Conference finals receive the Prince of Wales Trophy and Clarence S. Campbell Bowl, respectively, and advance to face each other in the Stanley Cup Final.
Sports Academy Tirur
Sports Academy Tirur, commonly known as SAT or SAT FC Kerala,  is an Indian professional football club based in Tirur, Kerala. The club currently competes in the I-League 2, the third tier of the Indian football league system. They also played in the Kerala Premier League, the top division of football in Kerala. One of the club’s presidents was Anvar Ameen Chelat, the managing director of the Dubai-based Regency Group.

2024–25 I-League 3
The 2024–25 I-League 3 was the 2nd season of the I-League 3 since its establishment in 2023, as the fourth tier of the Indian football league system. The top four clubs secured spot in the 2024–25 I-League 2. The winner of the tournament was Diamond Harbour winning 1–0 against Chanmari.
Latin American literature
Latin American literature consists of the oral and written literature of Latin America in several languages, particularly in Spanish, Portuguese, and the indigenous languages of Latin America. Latin American literature rose to particular prominence globally during the second half of the 20th century, largely due to the international success of the style known as magical realism. As such, the region's literature is often associated solely with this style, with the 20th century literary movement known as Latin American Boom, and with its most famous exponent, Gabriel García Márquez. Latin American literature has a rich and complex tradition of literary production that dates back many centuries.

Rubén Darío
Félix Rubén García Sarmiento (18 January 1867 – 6 February 1916), known as Rubén Darío (US: /dɑːˈriːoʊ/ dah-REE-oh, Spanish: [ruˈβen daˈɾi.o]), was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as modernismo (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century. Darío had a great and lasting influence on 20th-century Spanish-language literature and journalism.
Tidal Basin railway station
Tidal Basin railway station was a railway station near the Royal Victoria Dock, Canning Town, London, on the Eastern Counties and Thames Junction Railway. It opened in 1858, and was between Canning Town and Custom House stations. The station was damaged by bomb damage during the Blitz in 1941 but remained open until closed in 1943 as passenger numbers had fallen resulting from the area suffering from severe bombing damage and never reopened. The area was heavily redeveloped following the War, and today no trace remains; its approximate location is south east of Tarling Road (formerly Alice Street), east of the present day footbridge. Royal Victoria DLR station is located approximately 300 yards east.

It was located between Canning Town station to the west and Custom House station to the east.

Canning Town
Canning Town is a district of West Ham in the London Borough of Newham, East London, England, north of the Royal Victoria Dock. Its urbanisation was largely due to the creation of the dock. The area was part of the ancient parish and County Borough of West Ham. It forms part of the London E16 postcode district.

The area is undergoing significant regeneration as of 2012, with the building of up to 10,000 new homes.
Simon Poulsen
Simon Busk Poulsen (born 7 October 1984) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a left-back.

He has played 31 games for the Denmark national team. Following his retirement from professional football, Poulsen moved to coaching and is currently the assistant coach of SønderjyskE.

2008–09 Eredivisie
The 2008–09 Eredivisie was the 53rd season of Eredivisie since its establishment in 1955. PSV were the reigning champions. The season began on 29 August 2008 with a game between Vitesse Arnhem and FC Groningen and ended on 10 May 2009. A total of 18 teams take part in the league, consisting of 16 who competed in the previous season and two promoted from the Eerste Divisie. The teams promoted from the Eerste Divisie at the end of the previous season were champions FC Volendam, and play-off winners ADO Den Haag. AZ clinched their second title, their first coming in 1981.
Sir Syed Global Scholar Award
The Sir Syed Global Scholar Award (SSGSA) is an academic support initiative founded in 2006 to assist students and alumni of Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), India, in pursuing higher education abroad. Administered by the Sir Syed Education Society of North America, a U.S.-based nonprofit organization, the program provides mentorship and financial assistance.

Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh Muslim University is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, following the Aligarh Muslim University Act.

The university offers more than 300 courses in traditional and modern branches of education. It is an Institute of National Importance and is listed in the Union List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Kazipur River
Kazipur River (Bengali: কাজীপুর নদী) flows through Kazipur Upazila in Sirajganj District, Bangladesh. It then flows south and joins the Ichamati River.

The Kazipur is a small offshoot of the Jamuna River that departs from the main river in the northernmost part of Kazipur. The river then flows south through Kazipur and reaches its confluence with the Ichamati in Sirajganj Sadar Upazila.

The Kazipur River historically flowed past the Kazipur Police Station.

The combined waters of the Kazipur and the Ichamati flow south via a winding course through Sirajganj Sadar Upazila until they enter the Karatoya River at Nalka (Nalkaseganj), an important commercial centre at the junction of the two main inland waterways of Raiganj Upazila.

Sirajganj District
Sirajganj District (Bengali: সিরাজগঞ্জ জেলা) is a district in North Bengal, Bangladesh, it is located in Rajshahi Division. It is the 25th largest district by area and 9th largest district by population in Bangladesh. It is known as the gateway to North Bengal.

Its administrative headquarter is Sirajganj. It is famous for its hand-loom cottage industries. In 1885, Sirajganj emerged as a thana. Formerly under Mymensingh District in Dacca Division, it was transferred to Pabna District on 15 February 1866. It was upgraded to become a subdivision of Pabna in 1885. In 1984, it was upgraded to a district.
2014 Trofeo Faip–Perrel
The 2014 Trofeo Faip–Perrel was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bergamo, Italy between 10 and 16 February 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.