hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baixo Islet
Baixo Islet (Portuguese: Ilhéu de Baixo; Lower Islet in English), also known locally as Ilhéu do Carapacho  (Carapace Islet) and historically as Ilhéu dos Homiziados (Islet of the Fugitives), is a small uninhabited islet group located off the southeast coast of the island of Graciosa in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. Along with Praia Islet to its north, Baixo Islet is one of two main breeding places of Monteiro's storm petrel, an endemic marine bird of the Azores.

Graciosa
Graciosa Island (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡɾɐsiˈɔzɐ]) (literally "graceful" or "enchanting" in Portuguese), also referred to as the White Island, is a volcanic island in the Atlantic Ocean. It is the northernmost of the Central Group of islands in the Azores archipelago. The ovular Portuguese island has an area of 60.65 square kilometres (23.42 square miles), a length of 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) and a width of 7 kilometres (4.3 miles).  Its landscape is dominated by a 1.6-kilometre-wide (1.0-mile) central caldera (the Caldeira) located in the southeast.
Marginal propensity to import
The marginal propensity to import (MPM) is the fractional change in import expenditure that occurs with a change in GDP.

Mathematically, the marginal propensity to import (MPM) function is expressed as the ratio of the import (M) function with respect to GDP (Y).

In other words, the marginal propensity to import is measured as the ratio of the change in imports to the change in GDP, thus giving us a figure between 0 and 1.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
Thomas Ott
Thomas Ott (born 10 June 1966) is a Swiss comic artist. His comics have been published in German-speaking countries, France, the United States, Spain, Denmark, Italy and other places.

Ott's often wordless comics feature a dark, grim atmosphere; he works mainly with cutters and scratchboard.

L'Association
L'Association is a French publishing house located in Paris which publishes comic books. It was founded in May 1990 by Jean-Christophe Menu, Lewis Trondheim, David B., Mattt Konture, Patrice Killoffer, Stanislas, and Mokeït.

L'Association is one of the most important publishers to come out of the new wave of Franco-Belgian comics in the 1990s, and remains highly regarded.  They were among the first to publish authors such as Joann Sfar and Marjane Satrapi, and also are known for publishing French translations of the work of North American cartoonists like Julie Doucet and Jim Woodring.

Mon Lapin quotidien (MLQ, formerly Lapin and Mon Lapin) is the group's magazine.
Tiri Monastery
The Tiri monastery (Georgian: თირის მონასტერი, romanized: tiris monast'eri) is a 13th-century church near Tskhinvali in what is now the disputed territory of South Ossetia. Built as a Georgian Orthodox monastery in a hall church plan, it bears medieval frescoes and Georgian inscriptions. After the 2008 Russo-Georgian War, the Georgians lost access to the monastery. In 2015, the church building was subjected to  maintenance works which infringed on authenticity and partially damaged the frescoes, leading to a controversy in Tskhinvali and protests from Georgia. The monastery is inscribed on the list of Georgia's Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance.

Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance
The Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance (Georgian: ეროვნული მნიშვნელობის კატეგორიის კულტურის უძრავი ძეგლები) are buildings, structures, sites, or places in Georgia that have been determined to have nationwide cultural significance by meeting special criteria developed by the Ministry of Culture and are subject to preservation by the state.

The monument must have an outstanding artistic or aesthetic value, be associated with a particularly important historical event, person, or overall national values.

The original list of the Immovable Monuments of Cultural Heritage was approved in the Presidential decree No. 665 of 7 November 2006. Since then, it has been updated several times. After the amendments of 2013, the monument can be defined as having national significance by the resolution of the Government of Georgia based on the submission of the Ministry of Culture.
Radior
The Radior was a French automobile manufactured from 1920 until 1922.  A few 1592 cc Ballot-engined cars were assembled by one M. Chapolard, a Rochet-Schneider agent in Bourg-en-Bresse, and sold under this name.

Ballot (automobile)
Ballot was a French manufacturer, initially of engines, that also made automobiles between 1919 and 1932. Ernest Ballot became well known as a designer of reliable engines. He helped Ettore Bugatti in developing his first engines.
Fiffy Rampeta
Refuoe Emmanuel "Fiffy" Rampeta (born 23 March 1995) is a South African professional rugby union player who last played for the Free State XV in the domestic Currie Cup. His regular position is flanker.

Stormers
The Stormers (known for sponsorship reasons as the DHL Stormers) is a South African professional rugby union team based in Cape Town in the Western Cape that competes in the United Rugby Championship, a trans-hemispheric competition that also involves sides from Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales and the domestic Currie Cup competition as the Western Province. They competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020. They have won one major international championship, the 2021-22 United Rugby Championship, and seven South African 'conference' titles, five in the South African Conference of Super Rugby, and two in the URC equivalent, the South African Shield, while in the Currie Cup having won the competition on a record 34 occasions.
Lungi Ngidi
Lungisani True-man Ngidi (born 29 March 1996) is a South African professional cricketer who plays for the South Africa national cricket team. In the 2018 South African Cricket Annual Awards, he was named as one of the five Cricketers of the Year. In July 2020, Ngidi was named both ODI and T20I cricketer of the year at Cricket South Africa's annual awards ceremony. Ngidi was a member of the South African team which won the 2025 ICC World Test Championship.

Northerns cricket team
Northerns (formerly North Eastern Transvaal and Northern Transvaal) has played first-class cricket in South Africa since December 1937. Its territory is the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria.

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Northerns has merged with Easterns (formerly Eastern Transvaal) to form the Titans.
Somatochlora tenebrosa
Somatochlora tenebrosa, the clamp-tipped emerald, is a species of emerald dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Somatochlora tenebrosa is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2017.

Corduliidae
Corduliidae, also knowns as the emeralds, emerald dragonflies, or green-eyed skimmers, is a family of dragonflies. These dragonflies are usually black or dark brown with areas of metallic green or yellow, and most of them have large, emerald-green eyes. The larvae are black, hairy-looking, and usually semiaquatic. This family include species called "baskettails", "emeralds", "sundragons", "shadowdragons", and "boghaunters". They are not uncommon and are found nearly worldwide, but some individual species are quite rare. Hine's emerald dragonfly (Somatochlora hineana), for example, is an endangered species in the United States.

Corduliidae are known to occasionally take quantities of their eggs at the tip of their stomach, before then sticking their eggs in mud or water using a sprout-like appendage that extends from their abdomens.
Novelist (musician)
Kwadwo Quentin Kankam (born 20 January 1997), better known by his stage name Novelist, is a British grime MC and record producer. He was a founding member of the Square crew and was nominated for Best Grime Act at the 2014 MOBO Awards. He has been called the "new face of grime" and was described as "the poster child for the first generation of real grime kids" by DJ Logan Sama.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
Uniformly most powerful test
In statistical hypothesis testing, a uniformly most powerful (UMP) test is a hypothesis test which has the greatest power  among all possible tests of a given size α. For example, according to the Neyman–Pearson lemma, the likelihood-ratio test is UMP for testing simple (point) hypotheses.

Size (statistics)
In  statistics, the size of a test is the probability of falsely rejecting the null hypothesis. That is, it is the probability of making a type I error. It is denoted by the Greek letter α (alpha).

For a simple hypothesis,

In the case of a composite null hypothesis, the size is the supremum over all data generating processes that satisfy the null hypotheses.

A test is said to have significance level  if its size is less than or equal to .
In many cases the size and level of a test are equal.
Iraq prison abuse scandals
About six months after the United States invasion of Iraq of 2003, rumors of Iraq prison abuse scandals started to emerge.

The best known abuse incidents occurred at the large Abu Ghraib prison. Graphic pictures of some of those abuse incidents were made public. Less well-known abuse incidents have been documented at American prisons throughout Iraq.

Camp X-Ray
Camp X-Ray was a temporary detention facility at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp of Joint Task Force 160 on board the United States Naval Station Guantanamo Bay.
The first twenty detainees arrived at Guantanamo on 11 January 2002.
It was named Camp X-Ray because various temporary camps used to house Cuban and Haitian migrants in the 1980s and 1990s on board the station were named using NATO phonetic alphabet. The legal status of detainees at the camp, as well as government processes for trying their cases, has been a significant source of controversy; several landmark cases have been determined by the United States Supreme Court.

As of 29 April 2002, Camp X-Ray was closed and all prisoners were transferred to Camp Delta.
Maloianysol
Maloianysol (Ukrainian: Малоянисоль; Russian: Малоянисоль, romanized: Maloyanisol), known from 1956 to 1995 as Kuibysheve (Ukrainian: Куйбишеве) is a village in Kalchyk rural hromada, Mariupol Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.

Ukrainian Greeks
Ukrainian Greeks are a Greek minority that reside in or used to reside in the territory of modern Ukraine. The majority of Ukrainian Greeks live in Donetsk Oblast and are particularly concentrated around the city of Mariupol.

According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census, there were 91,548 ethnic Greeks in Ukraine, or 0.2% of the population. However, the actual percentage of those with Greek ancestry is likely to be much higher due to widespread intermarriage between ethnic Greeks and those Ukrainian citizens who are Ukrainian Orthodox, particularly in eastern Ukraine, as well as the absence of strong links to Greece or use of the Greek language by many with Greek ancestry in these areas and who therefore are not classified as Greeks in official censuses.

Most Greeks in Ukraine belong to the larger Greek diaspora known as Pontic Greeks. But there are also a small recent group of Greek expats and immigrants to Ukraine.
I Marinella Tragouda Giorgo Zampeta & Aki Panou
I Marinella tragouda Giorgo Zampeta & Aki Panou (Greek: Η Μαρινέλλα τραγουδά Γιώργο Ζαμπέτα & Άκη Πάνου; Marinella in songs of Giorgos Zampetas and Akis Panou) is a compilation by popular Greek singer Marinella. It was released in 1996 in Greece by PolyGram Greece – Mercury and includes 17 recordings of songs composed by Giorgos Zampetas and Akis Panou that Marinella recorded from 1967 to 1972 for PolyGram Records.

Stalia – Stalia
Stalia – stalia (Greek: Σταλιά – σταλιά; Drop by drop) is the name of the first solo studio album by popular Greek singer Marinella, after divorcing Stelios Kazantzidis. It was released on 17 January 1969 by PolyGram Records in Greece and all songs were released on 45 rpm vinyl records in 1967–68. This album was issued in mono and stereo. The stereo version of this album was released on CD in August, 1993 by PolyGram.
Cesta, Trebnje
Cesta (pronounced [ˈtseːsta]) is a small settlement west of Veliki Gaber in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Veliki Gaber
Veliki Gaber (pronounced [ˈʋeːliki ˈɡaːbəɾ]; German: Großgaber) is a village in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. It lies just north of the Slovenian A2 motorway east of Ivančna Gorica. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Arthur Nevin
Arthur Finley Nevin (April 27, 1871 – July 10, 1943) was an American composer, conductor, teacher and musicologist. Along with Charles Wakefield Cadman, Blair Fairchild, Charles Sanford Skilton, and Arthur Farwell, among others, he was one of the leading Indianist composers of the early twentieth century.

Blackfeet Nation
The Blackfeet Nation (Blackfoot: Aamsskáápipikani / ǎmssk̇ǎaṗiiṗiik̇ǔni, Pikuni / ṗiik̇ǔni), officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana. Tribal members primarily belong to the Piegan Blackfeet (Ampskapi Piikani) band of the larger Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States.

The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is located east of Glacier National Park and borders Alberta. Cut Bank Creek and Birch Creek form part of its eastern and southern borders. The reservation contains 3,000 square miles (7,800 km2), twice the size of the national park and larger than the state of Delaware. It is located in parts of Glacier and Pondera counties.
Estrone tetraacetylglucoside
Estrone tetraacetylglucoside (brand name Glucovex, Glycovex) is a semisynthetic, steroidal estrogen. It is an estrogen ester, specifically, an ester of estrone. The drug was marketed since at least 1942.

Synthesis:

Estrone
Estrone (E1), also spelled oestrone, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. It is one of three major endogenous estrogens, the others being estradiol and estriol. Estrone, as well as the other estrogens, are synthesized from cholesterol and secreted mainly from the gonads, though they can also be formed from adrenal androgens in adipose tissue. Relative to estradiol, both estrone and estriol have far weaker activity as estrogens. Estrone can be converted into estradiol, and serves mainly as a precursor or metabolic intermediate of estradiol. It is both a precursor and metabolite of estradiol.

In addition to its role as a natural hormone, estrone has been used as a medication, for instance in menopausal hormone therapy; for information on estrone as a medication, see the estrone (medication) article.
Lower Tamarack River
The Lower Tamarack River is a 39.0-mile-long (62.8 km) river in Pine County near the eastern border of Minnesota, in the United States. It is a tributary of the St. Croix River, which flows southwards to the Mississippi River.

The Upper Tamarack River is a separate stream also flowing into the St. Croix River several miles upstream from the mouth of the Lower Tamarack River.

St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)
The St. Croix River (/ˈseɪnt ˈkrɔɪ/ saynt KROY; French for 'Holy Cross'), also known in Dakota as Hoġan Wanḳe Kin, is a tributary of the Mississippi River, about 169 mi (272 km)  long, in the U.S. states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The lower 125 mi (201 km)  of the river form the border between Wisconsin and Minnesota. The river is a National Scenic Riverway under the protection of the National Park Service. A hydroelectric plant at the Saint Croix Falls Dam supplies power to the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.
2020–21 Iowa Hawkeyes women's basketball team
The 2020–21 Iowa Hawkeyes women's basketball team represented the University of Iowa during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Hawkeyes were led by twenty-first year head coach Lisa Bluder and played their home games at Carver–Hawkeye Arena in Iowa City, IA as members of the Big Ten Conference.

The Hawkeyes finished the season 20–10, 11–8 in Big Ten play to finish in sixth place.  They received a bye into the Second Round of the Big Ten women's tournament where they defeated Purdue, Rutgers, and Michigan before losing in the final to Maryland.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament.  As the five seed in the Riverwalk Regional, they defeated twelve seed Central Michigan and four seed Kentucky before losing to one seed UConn to end their season.

2020–21 Maryland Terrapins women's basketball team
The 2020–21 Maryland Terrapins women's basketball team represented the University of Maryland, College Park in 2020–21 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Terrapins were led by nineteenth year head coach Brenda Frese and played their home games at the Xfinity Center as members of the Big Ten Conference.
Michael Angelo Saltarelli
Michael Angelo Saltarelli (January 17, 1932 – October 8, 2009) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of Wilmington in Delaware from 1995 to 2008.  He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Newark in New Jersey from 1990 to 1995.

Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart (Newark)
The Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, the fifth-largest cathedral in North America, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark. Headed by Cardinal Tobin for the archdiocese, it is located in the Lower Broadway neighborhood of Newark, New Jersey. Catholic Mass is offered daily and three times on Sunday in English and in Spanish.
Rose Rudnitski
Rose A. Rudnitski is an American educator, scholar, and higher-education administrator who works on social justice and equity in teacher preparation and educational leadership. She is a Distinguished Professor of Education and Program Director of Educational Leadership at Mercy University. Her academic career includes senior faculty and administrative roles at the State University of New York at New Paltz, Felician University, and Mercy. She has published on curriculum, gifted education, teacher preparation, and teaching about genocide and intolerance.

Gifted education
Gifted education (also known as gifted and talented education (GATE), talented and gifted programs (TAG), or G&T education) is a type of education used for children who have been identified as gifted or talented.

The main approaches to gifted education are enrichment and acceleration. An enrichment program teaches additional, deeper material, but keeps the student progressing through the curriculum at the same rate as their peers. For example, after gifted students have completed the standard curriculum, an enrichment program might provide them with additional information about a subject. An acceleration program advances the student through the standard curriculum faster than normal. This is normally done by having the students skip one to two grades.

Being gifted and talented usually means being able to score in the top percentile on IQ exams. The percentage of students selected varies, generally with 10% or fewer being selected for gifted education programs.
Starship Troopers (board wargame)
Starship Troopers is a board wargame by Avalon Hill based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Robert A. Heinlein. It was originally released in 1976 and designed by Randall C. Reed.  Twenty years later, Avalon Hill redesigned and re-released a "movie" version (entitled Starship Troopers: Prepare for Battle!) in 1997 to coincide with the movie's release.

The game is a hexagon-based wargame for two players. The player who takes the side of Arachnids has a sheet of paper with a copy of the map-board on which he plots out his bug-hive and tunnel system. The Mobile Infantry player sends in his soldiers and tries to dig them out. A third faction, the Skinnies, starts out playing on the bug side, but switches to the human side during later scenarios.

InQuest Gamer
InQuest Gamer was a monthly magazine for game reviews and news that was published from 1995 to 2007. The magazine was published by Wizard Entertainment (not to be confused with Wizards of the Coast, which produced its own CCG magazine, The Duelist).

Originally, the magazine was named InQuest and focused solely on collectible card games (CCGs); InQuest, along with its competitor Scrye, were the two major CCG magazines. Later, the magazine changed its focus to cover a wider range of games, including role-playing games, computer and video games, collectible miniature games, board games, and others.
Oseltamivir total synthesis
Oseltamivir total synthesis concerns the total synthesis of the anti-influenza drug oseltamivir marketed by Hoffmann-La Roche under the trade name Tamiflu. Its commercial production starts from the biomolecule shikimic acid harvested from Chinese star anise and from recombinant E. coli. Control of stereochemistry is important: the molecule has three stereocenters and the sought-after isomer is only 1 of 8 stereoisomers.

Elimination reaction
An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism. The one-step mechanism is known as the E2 reaction, and the two-step mechanism is known as the E1 reaction.  The numbers refer not to the number of steps in the mechanism, but rather to the kinetics of the reaction: E2 is bimolecular (second-order) while E1 is unimolecular (first-order). In cases where the molecule is able to stabilize an anion but possesses a poor leaving group, a third type of reaction, E1CB,  exists.  Finally, the pyrolysis of xanthate and acetate esters proceed through an "internal" elimination mechanism, the Ei mechanism.
2013–14 Montenegrin First League
The 2013–14 Montenegrin First League was the eighth season of the top-tier football in Montenegro. The season begins on 9 August 2013. The season has a winter break beginning on 7 December 2013 and ending on 25 February 2014. Sutjeska Nikšić are the defending champions.

Montenegrin Second League
The Montenegrin Second League (Montenegrin: Druga crnogorska fudbalska liga – Druga CFL – 2. CFL) referred to as the Meridianbet 2. CFL for sponsorship reasons,  is the second-top football league in Montenegro. It is headed by the Football Association of Montenegro. Second Montenegrin League consists of 10 participants. The top team qualifies for the First League of Montenegro, the second and third one contest in a playoff match against the 8th and 9th team from the First League, while the bottom-placed two teams are relegated to any of the three third-tier leagues, to be replaced by the two winners of a three-way promotion playoffs, contested by the winners of the three Third League divisions.