hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Kurume Best Amenity Cup
The 2014 Kurume Best Amenity Cup is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It is the tenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It takes place in Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan, on 12–18 May 2014.

Kurume Cup
The Kurume Cup is a tennis tournament held in Kurume, Japan. Held since 2005, this ITF Circuit event is a $60,000 tournament played on outdoor carpet courts. It started off being a $25k event in 2005 on grass courts (until 2016) and went up to $50k in 2008.
Lofer Mountains
The Lofer Mountains or Loferer Mountains (German: Loferer Steinberge, lit. "Lofer Rock Mountains") are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps in the Eastern Alps of central Europe. They are located in Austria in the federal states of Tyrol and Salzburg. The Lofers are separated from the Leogang Mountains to the southeast by a 1,202 m-high saddle known as the Römersattel.

Eastern Alps
The Eastern Alps are usually defined as the area east of a line from Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine valley, up to the Splügen Pass at the Alpine divide, and down the Liro River to Lake Como in the south. The peaks and mountain passes are lower than the Western Alps, while the range itself is broader and less arched.
Thomas Cholmondeley (1627–1702)
Thomas Cholmondeley (15 September 1627 – 26 February 1702), of Vale Royal, Cheshire was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1670 and 1687. He was elected MP for Cheshire in 1670 and 1685 and was Sheriff of Cheshire from 1660 to 1661.

High Sheriff of Cheshire
This is a list of Sheriffs (and after 1 April 1974, High Sheriffs) of Cheshire.

The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as Sheriff was retitled High Sheriff. The High Sheriff is appointed annually, taking office in March. As of 2022, the High Sheriff of Cheshire is Jeannie France-Hayhurst.
2010 Estoril Open – Men's doubles
Eric Butorac and Scott Lipsky were the defending champions, but they chose to compete in Munich instead.
Marc López and David Marrero won in the final 6–7(1–7), 6–4, [10–4], against Pablo Cuevas and Marcel Granollers.

2010 BMW Open – Doubles
Jan Hernych and Ivo Minář were the defending champions, but Hernych chose not to compete this year and Minář chose to compete in Palm Hills instead. Oliver Marach and Santiago Ventura won in the final 5–7, 6–3, [16–14], against Eric Butorac and Michael Kohlmann.
Möng Kawng
Möng Kawng (Shan: မိူင်းၵွင်း; Tai Nüa: ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥐᥩᥒᥰ; Burmese: မိုးကောင်း; Chinese: 孟拱), also known as Mogaung, was a Shan state in what is today Burma. It was an outlying territory, located away from the main Shan State area in present-day Kachin State. For much of their histories, Möng Yang and Möng Kawng were closely linked and could often be considered the same state, only being regarded as separate when paying tribute to a dominant external power.

Saopha
Saopha (lit. 'lord of the heavens'), also spelled Sawbwa, was the title used by hereditary rulers of Shan states in Upper Myanmar. Chaopha and Chao Fa were similar titles used by the hereditary Tai rulers in mainland Southeast Asia and the Ahom kingdom in India.
2025 Open Occitanie
The 2025 Open Occitanie was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the 38th edition of the event (known formerly as the Open Sud de France), and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 27 January until 2 February 2025.

2025 ATP Tour
The 2025 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2025 tennis season. The 2025 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP 500, the ATP 250, and the United Cup (organized with the WTA). Also included in the 2025 calendar are the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Hopman Cup and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.
Toísech
A toísech or toísech clainne was the head of a local kin-group in medieval Scotland. The word, meaning "first" or "leader" in Scottish Gaelic, is first attested in the property records written into the Book of Deer some time between the 1130s and the 1150s.

The toísech held and extracted tribute from specific settlements within the kindred's territory, while other settlements provided tribute to the mormaer or king. The Book of Deer property records describe multiple lands whose tribute was granted to Deer Abbey by the mormaer and the toísech, each granting their respective renders, while one land was given by a lord "who was mormaer and was toiseach". showing that mormaers could themselves also be toiseachs.

The position of the toísech in the Book of Deer closely matches that of the thane given in the Leges inter Brettos et Scottos, a law code from the reign of David I that includes descriptions of the kingdom's social hierarchy, suggesting that the two roles were equivalent.

Thane (Scotland)
Thane (/ˈθeɪn/; Scottish Gaelic: taidhn) was the title given to a local royal official in medieval eastern Scotland, equivalent in rank to the son of an earl, who was at the head of an administrative and socio-economic unit known as a thanedom or thanage.
Inclusiveness and exclusivity in Ayyavazhi
Inclusiveness and exclusivity in Ayyavazhi is the inclusive and exclusive ideology of Ayyavazhi scriptures over other religions. The idea of inclusivism and exclusivism applied in the religio-cultural universe of Ayyavazhi is one that is not found anywhere else in the world. Though there are separate verses towards inclusivism and exclusivism as central themes in Akilam, the mixture of both is unique. The inclusivist theory of accepting the views of different religions for a certain period of time and afterward exclusivistically rejecting all of them by narrating that all the previous had lost their substances is mythical and a religious breakthrough.

Kaliyan
Kali (Kaliyan in Tamil) was the sixth fragment of the primordial manifestation of Kroni (evil) according to Akilathirattu, the source of Ayyavazhi mythology and the holy book of Ayyavazhi religion. Unlike other previous manifestations, Kali spread in this yugam (yukam in Tamizh) as maya (illusion). Details of Kali were restated in Ayyavazhi Religion and he is the same Kali mentioned in Kalki Purana.
Kosmos 2217
Kosmos 2217 (Russian: Космос 2217 meaning Cosmos 2217) is a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1992 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2217 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 10:21 UTC on 21 October 1992. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1992-069A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 22189.

It re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 6 November 2010.

Oko
Oko (Old Russian: Око, lit. 'Eye') is a Russian (previously Soviet) missile defence early warning programme consisting of satellites in Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. Oko satellites are used to identify launches of ballistic missiles by detection of their engines' exhaust plume in infrared light, and complement other early warning facilities such as Voronezh, Daryal and Dnepr radars. The information provided by these sensors can be used for the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system which defends Moscow. The satellites are run by the Russian Aerospace Forces, and previously the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces and Russian Space Forces. Since November 2015, it is being replaced by the new EKS system.
Nebula Award Stories 5
Nebula Award Stories 5 is an anthology of award-winning science fiction short works edited by James Blish. It was first published in the United Kingdom in hardcover by Gollancz in November 1970. The first American edition was published by Doubleday in December of the same year. Paperback editions followed from Pocket Books in the U.S. in January 1972, and Panther in the U.K. in December 1972. The American editions bore the variant title Nebula Award Stories Five. The book has also been published in German.

Victor Gollancz Ltd
Victor Gollancz Ltd (/ɡəˈlænts/) was a major British book publishing house of the twentieth century and continues to publish science fiction and fantasy titles as an imprint of Orion Publishing Group.

Gollancz was founded in 1927 by Victor Gollancz, and specialised in the publication of high-quality literature, nonfiction, and popular fiction, including crime, detective, mystery, thriller, and science fiction. Upon Gollancz's death in 1967, ownership passed to his daughter, Livia, who in 1989 sold it to Houghton Mifflin. Three years later in October 1992, Houghton Mifflin sold Gollancz to the publishing house Cassell & Co. Cassell and its parent company Orion Publishing Group were acquired by Hachette in 1996, and in December 1998 the merged Orion/Cassell group turned Gollancz into its science fiction/fantasy imprint.
Mambuha
In Mandaeism, mambuha (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡀࡌࡁࡅࡄࡀ, Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [mamˈbuha]), sometimes spelled mambuga (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡀࡌࡁࡅࡂࡀ), is sacramental drinking water used in rituals such as the masbuta (baptism).

The mambuha can be served in a kapta (pronounced kafta), a shallow brass drinking bowl that is 11 inches or less in perimeter, or in a qanina (glass bottle).

Traditionally, mambuha is taken directly from the yardna (river, i.e. the Euphrates, Tigris, or Karun rivers), but the Mandaean diaspora often uses treated tap water.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
Maasdonk
Maasdonk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmaːzdɔŋk] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the southern Netherlands that existed from 1993 until January 1, 2015, when it was merged into the existing municipalities of 's-Hertogenbosch and Oss.

's-Hertogenbosch
's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch: [ˌsɛrtoːɣə(m)ˈbɔs] ⓘ), colloquially known as Den Bosch (pronounced [dɛm ˈbɔs] ⓘ), is a city and municipality in the Netherlands with a population of 160,783. It is the capital of the province of North Brabant and its fourth largest city by population. The city is directly south of the Maas river and near the Waal.
Kemaman River
The Kemaman River (Malay: Sungai Kemaman, Terengganu: Sunga Mmamang) is a river in Terengganu state in Malaysia, flowing in an easterly direction. At 167 km long, it is the longest river in the state and the third longest in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia after Pahang River and Kelantan River. One of the oldest mosques in Malaysia, built in the early 19th century, is in Kampung Tuan, near Chukai, at the mouth of the Kemaman River; the Kemaman served as one of the main transportation routes into the region.

Kelantan River
The Kelantan River (Malay: Sungai Kelantan, Kelantanese: Sunga Klate) is a major river in Kelantan, Malaysia. Its drainage basin is about 11,900 km² in northeast Malaysia, including part of the Taman Negara, and flows northwards into the South China Sea. The rainfall over the area varies between 0 mm in the dry season (March–May) to 1,750 mm in the monsoon season (November–January). The average runoff from the area is about 500 m³/s. It is the second longest river in the east coast region and fourth longest river in Peninsular Malaysia behind the Pahang, Perak and Muar, at the length of 248 kilometres (154 mi).
Mason County, Kentucky slave pen
The Mason County, Kentucky slave pen played a very important role in the American slave trade, confining slaves who were intended to go farther south for sale.  This slave pen was recovered from a farm in Mason County, Kentucky, United States, which was owned by a slave trader named John W. Anderson, who played a significant part within the American domestic slave trade.  Anderson bought his farmstead in 1825, and after several years he and his family built a mansion and converted the old house into slave quarters.  In the early 1830s, he converted the slave quarters into a slave pen.

This slave pen has since been donated to the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center after being carefully taken apart and rebuilt by preservationists.  It addresses the participation of individuals and institutions in the slave trade and the serves as a major centerpiece in the Freedom Center, demonstrating the importance of the Midwest in the slavery system.

John W. Anderson (slave trader)
John W. Anderson (1801?–September 20, 1836) was an American interstate slave trader and farmer based near Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky.  Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court John Marshall was an investor who funded Anderson's slave speculations. Anderson was involved in the establishment of the Forks of the Road slave market in 1833. Anderson was elected to the Kentucky General Assembly in 1836 but died before he could take office. A log-built slave jail established on Anderson's property is now on exhibit in the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center and is believed to be the only surviving rural American slave jail in existence.
2023 Badminton Asia Junior Championships – Boys' doubles
The boys' doubles tournament of the 2023 Badminton Asia Junior Championships was held from 12 to 16 July. Leo Rolly Carnando and Daniel Marthin of Indonesia clinched this title in the last edition in 2019 before COVID-19 pandemic.

2023 Badminton Asia Junior Championships
The 2023 Badminton Asia Junior Championships (officially known as BNI Badminton Asia Junior Championships 2023) was the 23rd edition of the Asia continental junior championships to crown the best U-19 badminton players across Asia. This tournament is held in Among Rogo Sports Hall, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 7 and 16 July 2023.
Clement Clay Shorter
Clement Clay Shorter (February 1, 1856-June 16,1890) was a politician in Alabama who served as Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives.

Named after his father's close friend Clement Claiborne Clay Jr., he was born in Eufaula to a family that was prominent in the politics of Alabama and Georgia. His uncle was Alabama governor John Gill Shorter and his father, Eli Sims Shorter, was a U.S. congressman and colonel in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He graduated from the University of Alabama and became a lawyer.

He represented Barbour County for three terms in the Alabama House. He served as Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives in 1888. In December 9, 1890 he was memorialized in the Alabama House. The University of Alabama Libraries have an April 23, 1880 letter he wrote to Mrs. H. D. Clayton (Victoria Virginia Clayton).

Eli S. Shorter
Eli Sims Shorter (March 15, 1823 – April 29, 1879) was a U.S. representative from Alabama.

Born in Monticello, Georgia, Shorter attended the common schools and was graduated in law from Yale College in 1844. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Eufaula, Alabama, in 1844. He also engaged in agricultural pursuits.

Shorter was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1859). He resumed the practice of law in Eufaula, Alabama. During the Civil War, he served in the Confederate States Army as colonel of the 18th Regiment Alabama Infantry. He died in Eufaula, Alabama, April 29, 1879. He was interred in Fairview Cemetery.
Delyan Point
Delyan Point (Bulgarian: нос Делян, ‘Nos Delyan’ \'nos de-'lyan\) is a point on the northwest coast of Smith Island, South Shetland Islands forming the northeast side of the entrance to Vedena Cove.  Situated 4 km west-southwest of Cape Smith, 10.66 km northeast of Markeli Point, 8.9 km east-northeast of Gregory Point, and 1.4 km northwest of Matochina Peak.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  Named after Peter Delyan – Czar Peter II of Bulgaria, 1040-1041 AD.

62°52′49.8″S 62°22′49.5″W﻿ / ﻿62.880500°S 62.380417°W﻿ / -62.880500; -62.380417

Matochina Peak
Matochina Peak (Bulgarian: връх Маточина, romanized: vrah Matochina, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈmatot͡ʃinɐ]) is a peak rising to 784 m in the north extremity of Imeon Range on Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Situated 3.3 km west-southwest of Cape Smith and 3.2 km northeast of Mount Christi.  Overlooking Saparevo Glacier to the west and southwest, Vedena Cove to the west and Glozhene Cove to the northeast.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  Named after the settlement and medieval fortress of Matochina in southeastern Bulgaria.

62°53′18″S 62°21′24″W﻿ / ﻿62.88833°S 62.35667°W﻿ / -62.88833; -62.35667
Stewart Petrie
Stewart Petrie (born 27 February 1970) is a Scottish football player and coach, who is manager of Scottish League One side Montrose.

A Left winger, he spent most of his playing career with Forfar Athletic and Dunfermline Athletic, later moving to Australia. Petrie returned to Scotland in 2007, playing for Ross County. He has since worked as a coach for several clubs, including Arbroath, Forfar Athletic, as well as then SJFA East Superleague side Broughty Athletic.

2017–18 in Scottish football
The 2017–18 season was the 121st season of competitive football in Scotland. The domestic season began on 15 July 2017, with the first round of matches in the 2017–18 Scottish League Cup. The 2017–18 Scottish Professional Football League season commenced on 5 August.
Portugal during World War II
At the start of World War II in 1939, the Portuguese Government announced on 1 September that the 550-year-old Anglo-Portuguese Alliance remained intact, but since the British did not seek Portuguese assistance, Portugal was free to remain neutral in the war and would do so. In an aide-mémoire of 5 September 1939, the British government confirmed the understanding.  As Adolf Hitler's occupation swept across Europe, neutral Portugal became one of Europe's last escape routes. Portugal was able to maintain its neutrality until 1944, when a military agreement was signed to give the United States permission to establish a military base in Terceira Island in the Azores and thus its status changed to non-belligerent in favour of the Allies.

Carlton J. H. Hayes
Carlton Joseph Huntley Hayes (May 16, 1882 – September 2, 1964) was an American historian, educator, diplomat, devout Catholic and academic. A student of European history, he was a leading and pioneering specialist on the study of nationalism. He was elected as president of the American Historical Association over the opposition of liberals and the more explicit Anti-Catholic bias that defined the academic community of his era.  He served as United States Ambassador to Spain in World War II. Although he came under attack from the CIO and others on the left that rejected any dealings with Francoist Spain, Hayes succeeded in his mission to keep Spain neutral during the war.
Sean Olsson
Sean Olsson (born 2 March 1967) is a British bobsledder who competed during the 1990s. He won a bronze medal in the four-man event at Nagano in 1998. He continued competing after Nagano albeit having less success, and eventually moved to coaching

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Cabanes, Castellón
Cabanes (Valencian pronunciation: [kaˈbanes]), also known as Cabanes de l'Arc, is a village and municipality located in the comarca of Plana Alta, in the province of Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain.

Cabanes is located near the old Roman road Via Augusta, along which the Arch of Cabanes, a triumphal arch from the 2nd century AD, can be seen.

In the municipality stands the old settlement of Albalat dels Ànecs, where several fortified buildings still remain.

Plana Alta
Plana Alta (Valencian: [ˈplana ˈalta]; Spanish: [ˈplana ˈalta]) is a comarca in the province of Castellón in the Valencian Community, Spain. The largest town in the comarca is Castellón de la Plana, which is also the capital and largest town in the province.
Togüí
5°56′15″N 73°30′48″W﻿ / ﻿5.93750°N 73.51333°W﻿ / 5.93750; -73.51333

Togüí (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈɣwi]) is a town and municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia, part of the subregion of the Ricaurte Province. The municipality is located in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes at an altitude of 1,650 metres (5,410 ft). It borders the municipalities of San José de Pare, Arcabuco, Moniquirá, Chitaraque and Gámbita.

Arcabuco
Arcabuco is a town and municipality in the Ricaurte Province, part of the Colombian Department of Boyacá. Arcabuco is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense with the urban centre at an altitude of 2,739 metres (8,986 ft). The municipality borders Moniquirá and Gámbita in the north, Villa de Leyva and Chíquiza in the south, Cómbita in the east and Gachantivá and Villa de Leyva in the west. The department capital Tunja is 34 kilometres (21 mi) to the south.
Jim Montgomery (ice hockey)
Jim Montgomery (born June 30, 1969) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player who is the head coach for the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). Originally undrafted by teams in the NHL, he played a total of six seasons for the Blues, Montreal Canadiens, Philadelphia Flyers, San Jose Sharks, and Dallas Stars.

NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament Most Outstanding Player
The tournament Most Outstanding Player is an annual award given out at the conclusion of the NCAA men's ice hockey championship to the player to be judged the most outstanding. The award has been in effect since the adoption of a national championship tournament for the 1947–48 season.