hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lakehurst Mall
Lakehurst Mall was a shopping mall in Waukegan, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, United States. The mall officially opened in 1971. The mall's anchor stores were JCPenney, Wieboldt's, and Carson Pirie Scott. After Wieboldt's closed in 1986, its former location was divided between Montgomery Ward and Dunham's Sports. The mall declined in the 1990s, closed in 2001, and was demolished in 2004.

Montgomery Ward
Montgomery Ward is the name of two U.S. retail corporations. The original Montgomery Ward & Co. was a mail-order business and later a department store chain that operated between 1872 and 2001; its common nickname was "Monkey Wards". The current Montgomery Ward Inc. is an online shopping and mail-order catalog retailer that started three years after the original Montgomery Ward went out of business.
Loic Van Doren
Loic Philippe Oscar Serge Van Doren (born 14 September 1996) is a Belgian professional field hockey player who plays as a goalkeeper for Dragons and the Belgium national team.

He is the brother of fellow Belgian international Arthur Van Doren.

2018 Men's Hockey World Cup
The 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup was the 14th edition of the Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the FIH. It was held from 28 November to 16 December 2018, at the Kalinga Hockey Stadium in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The inauguration ceremony which was held on 27 November 2018, witnessed the biggest ever drone flying show in India.

Belgium won the tournament for the first time after defeating the Netherlands 3–2 in the final on a penalty shoot-out after a 0–0 draw. Defending champions Australia won the third place match by defeating England 8–1 in the third place playoff of the Odisha men's hockey world cup 2018.
Profinet
Profinet (usually styled as PROFINET, as a portmanteau for Process Field Network) is an industry technical standard for data communication over Industrial Ethernet, designed for collecting data from, and controlling equipment in industrial systems, with a particular strength in delivering data under tight time constraints. The standard is maintained and supported by Profibus & Profinet International, an umbrella organization headquartered in Karlsruhe, Germany.

Fast Ethernet
In computer networking, Fast Ethernet physical layers carry traffic at the nominal rate of 100 Mbit/s. The prior Ethernet speed was 10 Mbit/s. Of the Fast Ethernet physical layers, 100BASE-TX is by far the most common.

Fast Ethernet was introduced in 1995 as the IEEE 802.3u standard and remained the fastest version of Ethernet for three years before the introduction of Gigabit Ethernet. The acronym GE/FE is sometimes used for devices supporting both standards.
Philippe Paolantoni
Philippe Paolantoni (born 1952) is a French civil servant and administrator. Paolantoni was appointed the French Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna on Monday 28 July 2008, succeeding his predecessor Richard Didier. He officially took office in Wallis and Futuna on 8 September 2008.

Paolantoni served as the Vice-Prefect of the city of Brest, France, in the region of Brittany, for the three years prior to being named the Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna.

Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
The Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna is the representative of the President of France in Wallis and Futuna. The current Administrator Superior is Hervé Jonathan, since 11 January 2021.

The post was created in 1961, after Wallis and Futuna become a French overseas territory. In 2003, the status was changed to that of an overseas collectivity.

For French representatives in Wallis and Futuna from 1887 until 1961, see: Resident of Wallis and Futuna.
Remington Model 600
Remington Arms Model 600 was a push feed bolt-action rifle produced by Remington Arms from 1964 to 1968. While it is commonly believed that production ended in 1967, according to Remington representatives records indicate that it actually ended in 1968. This Model was the precursor to the Model 660 (manufactured 1968–1971); the Model Mohawk 600 (manufactured 1972–1979); and the Model 673 (manufactured 2003–2004).

.223 Remington
The .223 Remington, also known as 223 Remington by SAAMI  and 223 Rem. by the C.I.P., (pronounced "two-two-three") is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire intermediate cartridge. It was developed in 1957 by Remington Arms and Fairchild Industries for the U.S. Continental Army Command of the United States Army as part of a project to create a small-caliber, high-velocity firearm. Firing a .2245 in (5.70 mm) projectile, the .223 Remington is considered one of the most popular common-use cartridges and is used by a wide range of semi-automatic and manual-action rifles.
Newquay Parish Church of St Michael the Archangel
The Newquay Parish church of St Michael the Archangel, (also known as St Michael's Church) is located in Newquay, Cornwall, England,  United Kingdom, and is dedicated to the St. Michael the Archangel. Since 1951 the church has been designated as a Grade II* listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Truro, the archdeaconry of Cornwall and the deanery of Pydar.

The Benefice of Towan Blystra formed in 2022 which brings together the churches of St. Michael's Church, St Columb Minor & Colan, and St Newlyn East. As of October 2024, The Benefice has entered a period of transition as a new Oversight Minister is recruited.

Ninian Comper
Sir John Ninian Comper (10 June 1864 – 22 December 1960) was a Scottish architect, one of the last of the great Gothic Revival architects.

His work almost entirely focused on the design, restoration and embellishment of churches, and the design of ecclesiastical furnishings, stained glass and vestments. He is celebrated for his use of colour, iconography and emphasis on churches as a setting for liturgy. In his later works, he developed the subtle integration of Classical and Gothic styles, an approach he described as 'unity by inclusion'.
Fotur
Fotur is a village on the left bank of the Ab-i-Panj river in Badakhshan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan.

It is historically important, as it is the settlement in Wakhan territory nearest to the approximately two-mile-away border with Ishkashim District. The population of the village was 436 in 2003, having increased from about 60 at the turn of the 20th century. Poplar trees grew plentifully.

Fotur is inhabited by Wakhi people.

Wakhan
37°07′45″N 73°37′07″E﻿ / ﻿37.129240°N 73.618680°E﻿ / 37.129240; 73.618680
Wakhan (Dari; Pashto: واخان), also spelt as Vakhan and known as Vakhon (Tajik: Вахон}, is a rugged, mountainous part of the Pamir Mountains, Hindu Kush and Karakoram regions of Afghanistan and Tajikistan. It covers mainly the Wakhan District of Badakshan Province in northeastern Afghanistan.
Child work in Indigenous American cultures
Child work in Indigenous American cultures covers the physical and mental contributions by children towards achieving a personal or communal goal in Indigenous American societies. As a form of prosocial behavior, children's work is often a vital contribution towards community productivity and typically involves non-exploitative motivations for children's engagement in work activities. Activities can range from domestic household chores to participation in family and community endeavors. German anthropologist Inge Bolin notes that children's work can blur the boundaries between learning, play, and work in a form of productive interaction between children and adults. Such activities do not have to be mutually exclusive.

Observational learning
Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others. It is a form of social learning which takes various forms, based on various processes. In humans, this form of learning seems to not need reinforcement to occur, but instead, requires a social model such as a parent, sibling, friend, or teacher with surroundings. Particularly in childhood, a model is someone of authority or higher status in an environment. In animals, observational learning is often based on classical conditioning, in which an instinctive behavior is elicited by observing the behavior of another (e.g. mobbing in birds), but other processes may be involved as well.
Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Christiane Emilie Antonie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (13 March 1681 – 1 November 1751) was a German noblewoman who became Duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Strelitz through her marriage to Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg
Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (23 February 1708 – 4 June 1752) was a member of the Strelitz branch of the House of Mecklenburg. He was the father of Queen Charlotte of the United Kingdom and Hanover and Duke Adolphus Frederick IV of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

He was styled as the Prince of Mirow (Prinz von Mirow). He was not a reigning Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, unlike his father and two of his sons.
Eileen Vidal
Eileen Vidal BEM (1926–2003) was a kelper telephone and radio operator who maintained radio service and relayed military intelligence to the British Navy during the Falklands War, receiving the British Empire Medal for her service.

Falkland Islanders
Falkland Islanders, also called Falklanders, are the people of the Falkland Islands, a British Overseas Territory in South America.

Prior to the start of the 19th century, the Falkland Islands were uninhabited by Native Americans. The modern Falkland Islander population derives from various origins. Earliest among these are the numerically small but internationally diverse early 19th century inhabitants of the Islands, comprising and descended in part from settlers brought by Luis Vernet, and English and American sealers; South American gauchos who settled in the 1840s and 1850s; and since the late 1830s, settlers largely from Britain (especially Scotland and Wales) with a minority from other European countries. More recently, there has been significant levels of immigration from Saint Helena, Chile, the Philippines, and Zimbabwe.
HD 21749
HD 21749 is an orange main-sequence star in the constellation Reticulum. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.143, which means it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. From parallax measurements by the Gaia spacecraft, it is located 53 ly (16 pc) from Earth.

In 2019, it was discovered that the star has two exoplanets: a possibly rocky, hot sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet named HD 21749 b; and an Earth-sized exoplanet named HD 21749 c. These exoplanets were discovered by the TESS spacecraft.

Reticulum
Reticulum is a small, faint constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin for a small net, or reticle—a net of crosshairs at the focus of a telescope eyepiece that is used to measure star positions. The constellation is best viewed between October and December, and save for one main star visible in ideal conditions, cannot be seen from north of the 30th parallel north.
Debra Katz
Debra S. Katz is an American civil rights and employment lawyer and a founding partner of Katz Banks Kumin (formerly Katz, Marshall & Banks) in Washington, D.C. She is best known for representing alleged victims of sexual assault and sexual harassment, notably Christine Blasey Ford, Charlotte Bennett, Vanessa Tyson, Chloe Caras, and accusers of Congressmen Pat Meehan and Eric Massa. She also represented whistleblowers facing retaliation, including Irwin Reiter, a Weinstein Company executive who was an early whistleblower in the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse cases, Dr. Jeanne Marrazzo, and Dr. Rick Bright. Katz's primary practice areas at her firm are employment and whistleblower law, where she represents victims of workplace discrimination and retaliation.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Maryland

Eastern District of North Carolina

Middle District of North Carolina

Western District of North Carolina

District of South Carolina

Eastern District of Virginia

Western District of Virginia

Northern District of West Virginia

Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is the 4th largest circuit among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.
Ahold
Koninklijke Ahold N.V. was a Dutch multinational retail company based in Zaandam, Netherlands.  Founded in 1887 by Albert Heijn Sr., the company initially began as a single grocery store in Oostzaan and became the largest grocery chain in the Netherlands in the 1970s. The company went public in 1948. It merged with Belgium-based Delhaize Group in 2016 to form Ahold Delhaize.

Zaandam
Zaandam (Dutch pronunciation: [zaːnˈdɑm] ⓘ) is a city in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is the main city of the municipality of Zaanstad and received city rights in 1811. It is located on the river Zaan, just north of Amsterdam.

The statistical district Zaandam, which encompasses both the city and the surrounding countryside, has about 76,804 residents. Zaandam was a separate municipality until 1974, when it became a part of the new municipality of Zaanstad.
2012 Brussels Open
The 2012 Brussels Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 2nd edition of the Brussels Open, and was part of the Premier-level tournaments of the 2012 WTA Tour. The event took place at the Royal Primerose Tennis Club in Brussels, Belgium, from 19 May through 26 May 2012. First-seeded Agnieszka Radwańska won the singles title.

2012 WTA Tour
The 2012 WTA Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2012 tennis season. The 2012 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions), and the tennis event at the Summer Olympic Games. Also included in the 2012 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Order-2 apeirogonal tiling
In geometry, an order-2 apeirogonal tiling, apeirogonal dihedron, or infinite dihedron is a tessellation (gap-free filling with repeated shapes) of the plane consisting of two apeirogons. It may be considered an improper regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, with Schläfli symbol {∞, 2}. Two apeirogons joined along all their edges can completely fill the entire plane, as an apeirogon is infinite in size and has an interior angle of 180°, which is half of a full 360°.

Euclidean tilings by convex regular polygons
Euclidean plane tilings by convex regular polygons have been widely used since antiquity.  The first systematic mathematical treatment was that of Kepler in his Harmonice Mundi (Latin: The Harmony of the World, 1619).
Shivkumar Dahariya
Shivkumar Dahariya (born 18 December 1964) is an Indian politician from Raipur, Chhattisgarh. He served as a Member of the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly three times: in 2003 from the Palari, in 2008 from Bilaigarh, and in 2018 from Arang. He also served as a cabinet minister, holding the portfolios of Urban Administration and Development, and Labor Welfare.

3rd Chhattisgarh Assembly
The Third Legislative Assembly of Chhattisgarh was constituted after the 2008 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly elections which were concluded in November 2008 and the results were declared on 8 December 2008. Incumbent ruling party BJP and Chief Minister Raman Singh retained the majority in assembly and formed government consequently for the second time.
Patrick Hughes (artist)
Patrick Hughes (born 20 October 1939) is a British artist working in London. He is the creator of "reverspective", an optical illusion on a three-dimensional surface where the parts of the picture which seem farthest away are actually physically the nearest.

Dawn Ades
Josephine Dawn Ades, CBE, FBA (née Tylden-Pattenson; born 6 May 1943), known as Dawn Ades, is a British art historian and academic. She is professor emeritus of art history and theory at the University of Essex.
Sæbyggjenuten
Sæbyggjenuten is a mountain on the border of Agder and Telemark counties in southern Norway. The 1,507-metre (4,944 ft) tall mountain is the highest point in Bykle municipality as well as for all of Agder county, and in the whole region of Southern Norway (Sørlandet).  The mountain sits on the border of the municipalities of Bykle (in Agder county) and Tokke (in Telemark county). It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Dalen in Telemark and also about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the village of Bykle in Agder.

Bykle (village)
Bykle or Bykle Kyrkjebygd (locally: Kyrkjebygdi) is the administrative centre of Bykle municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Otra and the Norwegian National Road 9 in the southern part of the municipality. It is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the small village of Nordbygdi. The villages of Hoslemo and Berdalen lie about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north.

The 0.47-square-kilometre (120-acre) village has a population (2016) of 249 which gives the village a population density of 530 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi).  The village is the site of the historic Old Bykle Church as well as the much newer Bykle Church. The village also has a school, library, and hotel as well a number of shops and businesses.
Transition (literary magazine)
transition was an experimental literary magazine that featured surrealist, expressionist, and Dada art and artists. It was founded in 1927 by Maria McDonald and her husband Eugene Jolas and published in Paris, France. They were later assisted by editors Elliot Paul (April 1927 – March 1928), Robert Sage (October 1927 – Fall 1928), and James Johnson Sweeney (June 1936 – May 1938). After the Second World War, the publishing license of transition was transferred from the Jolases and McDonald to Georges Duthuit who capitalized the title to Transition (1948–1950) and changed its focus.

Jean Arp
Hans Peter Wilhelm Arp (/ɑːrp/; German: [aʁp]; 16 September 1886 – 7 June 1966), better known as Jean Arp in English, was a German-French sculptor, painter and poet. He was known as a Dadaist and an abstract artist.
Capture of Geertruidenberg (1589)
The Capture of Geertruidenberg of 1589, also known as the English betrayal of Geertruidenberg, took place on April 10, 1589, at Geertruidenberg, Duchy of Brabant, Flanders (present-day the Netherlands), during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604).

Duchy of Brabant
The Duchy of Brabant, a state of the Holy Roman Empire, was established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant of 1085–1183, and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries. The Duchy comprised part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, until it was partitioned after the Dutch revolt of 1566–1648.

The 1648 Peace of Westphalia ceded present-day North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) to the Generality Lands of the Dutch Republic, while the reduced duchy remained part of the Habsburg Netherlands until French Revolutionary forces conquered it in 1794 — a change recognized by the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797.

Today all the duchy's former territories, apart from exclaves, are divided between Belgium and the Dutch province of North Brabant.
3M6 Shmel
The 3M6 Shmel (Russian: 3М6 «Шмель»; English: bumblebee) is an MCLOS wire-guided anti-tank missile of the Soviet Union. Its GRAU designation is "3M6" and its NATO reporting name is AT-1 Snapper.

Too large to be man portable, it was typically deployed from specialised vehicles or helicopters. The missile was intended to supplement traditional anti-tank weapons, like the 100 mm anti-tank gun whose accuracy beyond 1,500 m is poor. The missile's accuracy in contrast remained high as far as its maximum range of 2,000 m.

However, the system's bulk, slow speed and poor combat accuracy drove development of later SACLOS systems, like the 9M113 Konkurs.

Missile guidance
Missile guidance is a field of engineering, specifically guidance, navigation and control, dealing with the control of missiles and guided bombs. Missile guidance systems are designed to maximize the reliability and accuracy of these weapons, by improving the likelihood they reach their target.

Guidance systems can be broadly divided into two categories: Go-onto-target (GOT) systems can be used against moving targets, and go-onto-location-in-space (GOLIS) systems attack fixed geographical positions.

Missiles and guided bombs generally use similar types of guidance system, the difference between the two being that missiles are powered by an onboard engine, whereas guided bombs rely on the speed of the launch aircraft and gravity for propulsion.
169th Airlift Squadron
The 169th Airlift Squadron (169 AS) is a unit of the Illinois Air National Guard 182d Airlift Wing located at Peoria Air National Guard Base, Peoria, Illinois. The 169th is equipped with the C-130H3 Hercules.

Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport (French: Aéroport de Bordeaux-Mérignac) (IATA: BOD, ICAO: LFBD) is an international airport of Bordeaux, in southwestern France. It is situated in the commune of Mérignac, 12 km (7.5 mi) west of Bordeaux, within the département of the Gironde. It mainly features flights to metropolitan and leisure destinations in Europe, Northern Africa, and Canada, and serves as a base for easyJet and Volotea.
1978 Australasian Individual Speedway Championship
The 1978 Australasian Individual Speedway Championship was the third annual Australasian Final for Motorcycle speedway riders from Australia and New Zealand as part of the qualification for the 1978 Speedway World Championship.

The Final took place at the 413 metres (452 yards) Western Springs Stadium in Auckland and was won by 18-year-old sensation Mitch Shirra. Mick McKeon finished second with John Titman and Mike Farrell the final qualifiers for the 1978 Intercontinental Final to be held at the Fredericia Speedway Center in Fredericia, Denmark.

1977 World Champion Ivan Mauger was not required to ride in Auckland as he had been seeded directly into the Intercontinental Final.

1978 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1978 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 33rd edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

Ole Olsen won his third world crown. The final was sponsored by the Sunday Mirror and was attended by 86,500. Gordon Kennett took silver on the day of his 25th birthday and American Scott Autrey won the bronze medal run-off defeating Dave Jessup and Jerzy Rembas. Dave Jessup was effectively denied a World title when after leading in heat 3 he suffered a bike malfunction and finished last in the heat. He then scored 11 points from his remaining rides which would have been enough to take the crown if he had won heat 3.

Qualification results.