hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vrije en Lage Boekhorst
Vrije en Lage Boekhorst ("Free and Low Boekhorst") is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located to the west of the hamlet of Zevenhuizen in the former municipality of Alkemade.

The municipality existed between 1817 and 1855, when it became part of Alkemade. The area used to be a separate manor, but it was added in 1812 to the municipality of Noordwijkerhout as an exclave, even though that village lay almost 10 km away. Presumably this happened because the area was confused with Hooge Boekhorst ("High Boekhorst") near Noordwijkerhout. The municipality had an area of only about 0.35 km2 and about 60 inhabitants.

Noordwijkerhout
Noordwijkerhout (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌnoːrtʋɛikərˈɦʌut] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the western part of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The town is currently part of the municipality of Noordwijk and lies in the bulb-growing region (the Duin- en Bollenstreek) of the Netherlands, which is famed for its tulips.

The former municipality of Noordwijkerhout covered an area of 23.42 km2 (9.04 sq mi), of which 0.81 km2 (0.31 sq mi) was water, and had a population of data missing in 2021.  It also included the village of De Zilk, which together with the town of Noordwijkerhout became part of the municipality of Noordwijk on 1 January 2019.
The Ghost Rider (1943 film)
The Ghost Rider is a 1943 American Western film directed by Wallace Fox and written by Adele Buffington. This is the first film in the "Marshal Nevada Jack McKenzie" series, and stars Johnny Mack Brown as Jack McKenzie and Raymond Hatton as his sidekick Sandy Hopkins, with Harry Woods, Beverly Boyd, Tom Seidel and Edmund Cobb. The film was released on April 2, 1943, by Monogram Pictures.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Church of the Nativity of Our Lady, Rabat
The Church of the Nativity of Our Lady (Maltese: Il-Knisja ta' Santa Marija ta' Ġesù), commonly known as ta' Ġieżu, is a Roman Catholic church in Rabat, Malta. The church was built in 1500 and it was enlarged in 1757. It is adjoined by a Franciscan convent.

Rabat, Malta
Rabat (Maltese: Ir-Rabat [ɪˈrːɐbɐt]) is a town in the Western Region of Malta, with a population of 11,497 as of March 2014. It adjoins the ancient capital city of Mdina, and a north-western part of Rabat was in the Roman city of Melite until its medieval retrenchment.

The Apostolic Nunciature of the Holy See to the Republic of Malta is seated in this village. The Local Council of Rabat is also the administrator of Baħrija. Parts of the films Munich and Black Eagle were shot in Rabat. In December 1999, Mtarfa was split from Rabat to form a separate Local Council by Act XXI, an amendment to the Local Council Act of 1993 (Act XV). In 2021, Rabat was transferred from the Northern Region to the newly-created Western Region as part of a reorganization of the regions of Malta.
Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.

Supercooling
Supercooling, also known as undercooling, is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. Per the established international definition, supercooling means "cooling a substance below the normal freezing point without solidification". While it can be achieved by different physical means, the postponed solidification is most often due to the absence of seed crystals or nuclei around which a crystal structure can form. The supercooling of water can be achieved without any special techniques other than chemical demineralization, down to −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F). Supercooled water can occur naturally, for example in the atmosphere, animals or plants.

This phenomenon was first described in 1724 by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, while developing the Fahrenheit scale.
1995 California League season
The 1995 California League was a Class A-Advanced baseball season played between April 6 and September 3. Ten teams played a 140-game schedule, as three teams from each division qualified for the post-season, the winner of each half of the season plus playoff qualifiers.

The San Bernardino Spirit won the California League championship, as they defeated the San Jose Giants in the final round of the playoffs.

Inland Empire 66ers
The Inland Empire 66ers of San Bernardino are a Minor League Baseball team of the California League and the Single-A affiliate of the Seattle Mariners. The 66ers are based in San Bernardino, California, and play at San Manuel Stadium.
Lost Highway (Leon Payne song)
"Lost Highway" is a country music song written and recorded by blind country singer-songwriter Leon Payne in 1948. It was released in October 1948 on Nashville-based Bullet label.

In the early days of Leon Payne's career, he used to travel from one place to another, trying to find jobs wherever he could. Once he was in California hitchhiking to Alba, Texas, to visit his sick mother, he was unable to get a ride and finally got help from The Salvation Army. He wrote "Lost Highway" on the edge of the road while waiting for a ride. Payne wrote hundreds of country songs in a prolific career that lasted from 1941 until his death in 1969. He is perhaps best known for his hits "I Love You Because", "You've Still Got a Place in My Heart", and for the two songs that Hank Williams recorded: "Lost Highway" and "They'll Never Take Her Love from Me". Payne released his version in October 1948.

You've Still Got a Place in My Heart (song)
"You've Still Got a Place in My Heart" is a song written and originally recorded by American country music artist Leon Payne in 1950.

In 1967, Dean Martin released a version of the song on the album Happiness Is Dean Martin. Martin released the song as a single in 1968, which spent 7 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, peaking at No. 60, while reaching No. 7 on Billboard's Easy Listening chart, and No. 44 on Canada's RPM 100.

In 1967, Glen Campbell released a version of the song as the B-side to "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" and on the album Burning Bridges.

It was covered by Con Hunley in 1978, whose version peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.

George Jones covered it on his 1984 album, You've Still Got a Place in My Heart and released it as a single, peaking at number 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.
Mitsubishi Xpander
The Mitsubishi Xpander is a compact multi-purpose vehicle (MPV) manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors since 2017. Prominently marketed as a "crossover MPV", the vehicle was introduced in July 2017 in Indonesia, where the vehicle was manufactured and sold as a high-volume model. Introductions in other markets started since 2018, and the vehicle is mainly sold in emerging countries in Southeast Asia along with several Latin American, African and Middle Eastern markets. It was the fourth best-selling Mitsubishi Motors model globally in 2018 and 2019, and became its third best-selling model in 2021.

In late 2019, a more rugged-looking variant was introduced as the Xpander Cross. A rebadged and redesigned variant of the Xpander, with mainly different front and rear fascias, is sold by Nissan as the second-generation Livina since February 2019.

Compact MPV
Compact MPV (an abbreviation for Compact Multi-Purpose Vehicle) is a vehicle size class for the middle size of MPVs. The Compact MPV size class sits between the mini MPV and large MPV (minivan) size classes.

Compact MPVs remain predominantly a European phenomenon, although they are also built and sold in many Latin American, African, and Asian markets.  As of 2016, the only compact MPV sold widely in the United States was the Ford C-Max.
Crooked River (Songo River tributary)
The Crooked River is a 58.0-mile-long (93.3 km) tributary of the Songo River in Maine.  It is the longest of the tributaries of Sebago Lake, the outlet of which is the Presumpscot River, flowing to Casco Bay on the Atlantic Ocean.

The Crooked River rises at the outlet of Songo Pond in the unorganized territory of South Oxford in Oxford County, near the eastern end of the White Mountain National Forest.  It flows southeast through the towns of Waterford, Norway, Otisfield, Harrison in Cumberland County, Naples, and Casco, reaching the Songo River 1.0 mile (1.6 km) south of that river's source at the outlet of Brandy Pond and 2.1 miles (3.4 km) upstream from the mouth of the Songo in Sebago Lake.

Songo River
The Songo River is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) river in Maine.  The river flows from Brandy Pond at the south end of Long Lake into Sebago Lake at Sebago Lake State Park.  Songo Lock, the last remaining lock of the 19th-century Cumberland and Oxford Canal, controls the elevation of Long Lake and allows navigation of large boats between Long Lake and Sebago Lake.
Temporomandibular joint
In anatomy, the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are the two joints connecting the jawbone to the skull. It is a bilateral synovial articulation between the temporal bone of the skull above and the condylar process of mandible below; it is from these bones that its name is derived. The joints are unique in their bilateral function, being connected via the mandible.

Articular disc
The articular disc (or disk) is a thin, oval plate of fibrocartilage present in several joints which separates synovial cavities. This separation of the cavity space allows for separate movements to occur in each space.

The presence of an articular disk also permits a more even distribution of forces between the articulating surfaces of bones, increases the stability of the joint, and aids in directing the flow of synovial fluid to areas of the articular cartilage that experience the most friction.

The term "meniscus" has a very similar meaning.
Germ cell nest
The germ cell nest (germ-line cyst) forms in the ovaries during their development. The nest consists of multiple interconnected oogonia formed by incomplete cell division. The interconnected oogonia are surrounded by somatic cells called granulosa cells. Later on in development, the germ cell nests break down through invasion of granulosa cells. The result is individual oogonia surrounded by a single layer of granulosa cells. There is also a comparative germ cell nest structure in the developing spermatogonia, with interconnected intracellular cytoplasmic bridges.

Spermatocyte
Spermatocytes are a type of male gametocyte in animals. They derive from immature germ cells called spermatogonia. They are found in the testis, in a structure known as the seminiferous tubules. There are two types of spermatocytes, primary and secondary spermatocytes. Primary and secondary spermatocytes are formed through the process of spermatocytogenesis.

Primary spermatocytes are diploid (2N) cells. After meiosis I, two secondary spermatocytes are formed. Secondary spermatocytes are haploid (N) cells that contain half the number of chromosomes.

In all animals, males produce spermatocytes, even hermaphrodites such as C. elegans, which exist as a male or hermaphrodite. In hermaphrodite C. elegans, sperm production occurs first and is then stored in the spermatheca. Once the eggs are formed, they are able to self-fertilize and produce up to 350 progeny.
SODRE
The Official Service for Broadcasting, Performances and Entertainment (Spanish: Servicio Oficial de Difusión, Representaciones y Espectáculos; styled Sodre) is a national cultural organization in Uruguay, controlled by the Ministry of Education and Culture.

It was formerly the national broadcaster of Uruguay prior to the separation of Radiodifusión Nacional del Uruguay as a distinct agency in 2015. It is headquartered in 444 Peatonal Sarandí, Ciudad Vieja, Montevideo.

Radio Uruguay
CX 26 SODRE, also known as Radio Uruguay 1050 AM, is a state-owned Uruguayan Spanish-language AM radio station that broadcasts from Montevideo. The station broadcasts primarily talk programming.

Some Radio Uruguay programming is aired on the RNU repeater network outside of Montevideo.
Shelley Claridge
Shelley Claridge is an American chemist who is an associate professor of chemistry at Purdue University. Her research considers the design of nanostructured materials and better understanding their physical and chemical properties. She was awarded a Schmidt Science Polymaths Award in 2022 and the American Chemical Society Women Chemists Committee Rising Star Award in 2023.

Paul Alivisatos
Armand Paul Alivisatos (born November 12, 1959) is a Greek-American chemist, currently serving as the 14th president of the University of Chicago since September 2021.

Previously at the University of California, Berkeley, he served as the 7th director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory from 2009 to 2016, as interim vice chancellor for research from 2016 to 2017, and as executive vice chancellor and provost from 2017 to 2021.

His academic research focuses on nanomaterials, particularly nanocrystal fabrication for biomedical and renewable energy applications.
Stabilizer (chemistry)
In industrial chemistry, a stabilizer or stabiliser is a chemical that is used to prevent degradation. Above all, heat and light stabilizers are added to plastic and rubber materials because they ensure safe processing and protect products against aging and weathering. In particular polyvinyl chloride would not be possible without stabilizers (PVC is one of the most important plastics and used for pipes, window frames and many other products).

In economic terms the most important product groups on the market for stabilizers are compounds based on calcium (calcium-zinc and organo-calcium), lead, and tin stabilizers as well as liquid and light stabilizers (HALS, benzophenone, benzotriazole). Cadmium-based stabilizers largely vanished in the last years due to health and environmental concerns. In 2023, almost half of all polymer stabilizers sold worldwide were based on calcium.

Photo-oxidation of polymers
In polymer chemistry, photo-oxidation (sometimes: oxidative photodegradation) is the degradation of a polymer surface due to the combined action of light and oxygen. It is the most significant factor in the weathering of plastics. Photo-oxidation causes the polymer chains to break (chain scission), resulting in the material becoming increasingly brittle. This leads to mechanical failure and, at an advanced stage, the formation of microplastics. In textiles, the process is called phototendering.

Technologies have been developed to both accelerate and inhibit this process. For example, plastic building components like doors, window frames and gutters are expected to last for decades, requiring the use of advanced UV-polymer stabilizers. Conversely, single-use plastics can be treated with biodegradable additives to accelerate their fragmentation.
Many pigments and dyes can similarly have effects due to their ability to absorb UV-energy.
International Stakes (Ireland)
The International Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile and 2 furlongs (2,012 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.

Curragh Racecourse
The Curragh Racecourse is a flat racecourse in County Kildare, Ireland. The racecourse is home to Ireland’s five most important flat races, known as the Classics. Racing takes place 23 days each year from the end of March until late October. Guided tours of the venue are available outside of race days.
South African cricket team in England in 1970 (proposed)
The South African national cricket team was scheduled to tour England over the 1970 English summer. However, the tour was cancelled after protests from the anti-apartheid movement.

It was replaced by a Rest of the World team.

Rest of the World cricket team in England in 1970
In the 1970 English cricket season, a scheduled South African tour was cancelled for political reasons. As this meant there would be no international cricket in England that season, a Rest of the World team was assembled to play a series of five-day matches against England. At the time, they were played as Test matches, but that status was later revoked by the International Cricket Conference (ICC) and they are now termed unofficial Tests, though still officially first-class matches.

The World XI, captained by Garfield Sobers, convincingly won the first Test by an innings. While the other four matches were more keenly contested, the series result was a 4–1 win by the World XI.
Brookwood Farm
Brookwood Farm is a historic farm on Blue Hill River Road in Canton, Massachusetts. Some of its fields, but none of the buildings, are in Milton. It is owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and managed by the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

Canton, Massachusetts
Canton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States.  The population was 24,370 at the 2020 census. Canton is part of Greater Boston, about 15 miles (24 kilometers) southwest of Downtown Boston.
Misgivings
"Misgivings" is the tenth episode of the fourth season of the HBO original series The Wire. Written by Eric Overmyer from a story by Ed Burns & Overmyer, and directed by Ernest Dickerson, it originally aired on November 19, 2006.

Snoop (The Wire)
Felicia "Snoop" Pearson is a semi-fictional character on the HBO series The Wire, played by the actress of the same name. She is a young female soldier in Marlo Stanfield's drug dealing organization and Chris Partlow's earliest protégé.  As one of the experienced leaders of Stanfield's crew, she commits many ruthless murders on their behalf. She is a minor antagonist for season 3, later being the secondary antagonist of season 4 and season 5 with Chris Partlow.
Shuyu
Shuyu is an extinct genus of early jawless vertebrate from the Early or Middle Silurian period (late Telychian to early Wenlock stages). It is the basalmost known eugaleaspidiform galeaspid and it lived in what is now northwestern Zhejiang Province, Southeast China. It is known from more than 20 headshields and at least 20 of them include three-dimensionally preserved neurocrania. The specimens of Shuyu were collected from the lower part of Maoshan Formation, located in Changxing District. Shuyu zhejianensis was first assigned by Pan, 1986 to a species of Sinogaleaspis. The genus was first named by Zhikun Gai, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Min Zhu, Philippe Janvier and Marco Stampanoni in 2011 and the type species is Shuyu zhejianensis.

Eugaleaspidiformes
Eugaleaspidiformes (from Latin, "Helmet shield shapes") is an extinct order of jawless marine and freshwater fish, which lived in East Asia from the Telychian to the Lower Devonian period. The order was first named by Lui in 1965.
Jean Bélanger
Jean Bélanger (December 22, 1782 – August 21, 1827) was a notary and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Quebec Lower Town in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1820 to 1827.

He was born in Quebec City, the son of François Bélanger and Charlotte Delâge. Bélanger was commissioned as a notary in 1805 and practised in Quebec City until his death. He served as a captain in the militia during the War of 1812 and also was a justice of the peace. He was married twice: first to Reine Gauvreau in 1806 and then to Geneviève-Luce Robitaille in 1826. Bélanger died in office in Quebec City at the age of 44.

Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in Lower Canada until 1838. The legislative assembly was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. The lower house consisted of elected legislative councilors who created bills to be passed up to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, whose members were appointed by the governor general.

Following the Lower Canada Rebellion, the lower house was dissolved on March 27, 1838, and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council. With the Act of Union in 1840, a new lower chamber, the Legislative Assembly of Canada, was created for both Upper and Lower Canada which existed  until 1867, when the Legislative Assembly of Quebec was created.
Schweinfurt (electoral district)
Schweinfurt is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 249. It is located in northwestern Bavaria, comprising the city of Schweinfurt and the districts of Kitzingen and Landkreis Schweinfurt.

Schweinfurt was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2013, it has been represented by Anja Weisgerber of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Schweinfurt (district)
Schweinfurt is a Landkreis (district) in the northwestern part of Bavaria, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Bad Kissingen, Rhön-Grabfeld, Haßberge, Bamberg, Kitzingen, Würzburg and Main-Spessart. The district-free city Schweinfurt is surrounded by the district.
Lillian Glinn
Lillian Glinn (May 10, 1902 – July 22, 1978) was an American classic female blues and country blues singer and songwriter. She spent most of her career in black vaudeville. Among her popular recordings were "Black Man Blues," "Doggin' Me Blues" and "Atlanta Blues." The blues historian Paul Oliver commented that there were a number of female blues singers who "deserve far greater recognition than they have had", and one of those he cited was Glinn.

Classic female blues
Classic female blues was an early form of blues music, dominated by women that was popular in the 1920s in the United States. An amalgam of traditional folk blues and urban theater music, the style is also known as vaudeville blues. Classic blues were performed by female singers accompanied by pianists or small jazz ensembles and were the first blues to be recorded. Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, Ethel Waters, and the other singers in this genre were instrumental in spreading the popularity of the blues. Women in blues were instrumental in influencing later genres of music such as jazz, rhythm & blues and rock and roll.