hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scalar field
In mathematics and physics, a scalar field is a function associating a single number to each point in a region of space – possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units).

In a physical context, scalar fields are required to be independent of the choice of reference frame. That is, any two observers using the same units will agree on the value of the scalar field at the same absolute point in space (or spacetime) regardless of their respective points of origin.  Examples used in physics include the temperature distribution throughout space, the pressure distribution in a fluid, and spin-zero quantum fields, such as the Higgs field.  These fields are the subject of scalar field theory.

Yukawa coupling
In particle physics, the Yukawa coupling or Yukawa interaction, named after Hideki Yukawa, is an interaction between particles according to the Yukawa potential. Specifically, it is between a scalar field (or pseudoscalar field)  and a Dirac field  of the type

The Yukawa coupling was developed to model the strong force between hadrons. Yukawa couplings are thus used to describe the nuclear force between nucleons mediated by pions (which are pseudoscalar mesons).

Yukawa couplings are also used in the Standard Model to describe the coupling between the Higgs field and massless quark and lepton fields (i.e., the fundamental fermion particles). Through spontaneous symmetry breaking, these fermions acquire a mass proportional to the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field. This Higgs–fermion coupling was first described by Steven Weinberg in 1967 to model lepton masses.
Yuki Abe
Yuki Abe (阿部 勇樹, Abe Yūki; born 6 September 1981) is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He played 53 times for Japan between 2005 and 2011 and was a member of the 2010 FIFA World Cup squad.

2006 J.League Cup
The 2006 edition of the J.League Cup, officially the 2006 J.League Yamazaki Nabisco Cup was sponsored by Nabisco. First-round matches were held from March 29 through May 21. Gamba Osaka were exempt from competing in the group stage, due to their entry into the Asian Champions League. They were therefore entered into the quarter-final stage.

The final was on November 3 at the Tokyo National Stadium. The winners were JEF United Ichihara Chiba, beating Kashima Antlers in the final 2–0 to claim its second J.League Cup.
2014 WTA Finals
The 2014 WTA Finals was a women's tennis tournament in Singapore from October 17 to October 26, 2014, and was the 44th edition of the singles event and the 39th edition of the doubles competition. The tournament was held at the Singapore Indoor Stadium, and contested by eight singles players and eight doubles teams. It was the Championships of 2014 WTA Tour.

2014 Mutua Madrid Open
The 2014 Madrid Open (also known as the Mutua Madrid Open for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament that was played on outdoor clay courts at the Park Manzanares in Madrid, Spain from 3–11 May. It was the 13th edition of the event on the ATP World Tour and 6th on the WTA Tour. It was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2014 ATP World Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2014 WTA Tour.

Ion Țiriac the former Romanian ATP player and now billionaire businessman is the current owner of the tournament.
Muscular Dystrophy Community Assistance Research and Education Amendments of 2001
The Muscular Dystrophy Community Assistance Research and Education Amendments of 2001 ("MD CARE Act", Pub. L. 107–84 (text) (PDF), H.R. 717, 115 Stat. 823, enacted December 18, 2001) amended the Public Health Service Act to provide for research with respect to various forms of muscular dystrophy, including Duchenne, Becker, limb girdle,
congenital, facioscapulohumeral, myotonic, oculopharyngeal, distal, and Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophies.

Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy
Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a genetically heterogeneous group of rare muscular dystrophies that share a set of clinical characteristics. It is characterised by progressive muscle wasting which affects predominantly hip and shoulder muscles. LGMD usually has an autosomal pattern of inheritance. It currently has no known cure or treatment.

LGMD may be triggered or worsened in genetically susceptible individuals by statins, because of their effects on HMG-CoA reductase.
Mascot Juniors
The Mascot Juniors was founded in 1910 Mascot JRLFC are an Australian semi-professional rugby league football team based in Mascot, New South Wales, a suburb of eastern Sydney. They are widely acknowledged as the oldest Junior League Club in Australia they play in the South Sydney District Junior Rugby Football League.

Wests Tigers
The Wests Tigers are an Australian rugby league football team, based in the Inner West of Sydney and South Western Sydney. The Tigers have competed in the National Rugby League (NRL) since being formed at the end of the 1999 NRL season as a joint-venture club between the Balmain Tigers and the Western Suburbs Magpies.

The Wests Tigers started playing in the 2000 NRL season and they won their maiden premiership in 2005. The club also won the final edition of the World Sevens in 2004. The club has only qualified for three finals series since their inception (2005, 2010 and 2011).

The Wests Tigers play home games at two grounds: Leichhardt Oval (the home ground of Balmain) and Campbelltown Stadium (the home ground of Western Suburbs). They are currently coached by Benji Marshall.

The interim CEO is currently Shaun Mielekamp.
Kantian Reason and Hegelian Spirit: The Idealistic Logic of Modern Theology
Kantian Reason and Hegelian Spirit: The Idealistic Logic of Modern Theology is a 2012 book by American social ethicist and theologian Gary Dorrien. Dorrien investigates the influence of Immanuel Kant and post-Kantian idealism on Protestant theology in Germany and Great Britain from the late eighteenth century through the mid-twentieth century. He argues that modern religious thought originated with idealistic convictions about the spiritual ground and unifying reality of freedom, and that the major theological movements of the period, from Friedrich Schleiermacher and G. W. F. Hegel through the Ritschlian School to Karl Barth and Paul Tillich, defined themselves in relation to Kantian and post-Kantian ideas. The book also addresses liberal theology's involvement with nationalism, imperialism, and white supremacism. It received the 2012 PROSE Awards in Theology and Religious Studies from the Association of American Publishers.

Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison
Andrew Seth, FBA, DCL (1856, Edinburgh – 1931, The Haining, Selkirkshire), who changed his name to Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison in 1898 to fulfill the terms of a bequest, was a Scottish philosopher. 
His brother was James Seth, also a philosopher.
Idaho's 1st legislative district
Idaho's 1st legislative district is one of 35 districts of the Idaho Legislature. It currently comprises Boundary County, as well as part of Bonner County.

It is currently represented by State Senator Jim Woodward, Republican of Sagle, Representative Mark Sauter, Republican of Sandpoint, and Representative Cornel Rasor, Republican of Sagle.

Bonner County, Idaho
Bonner County is a county in the northern part of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 47,110. The county seat and largest city is Sandpoint. Partitioned from Kootenai County and established in 1907, it was named for Edwin L. Bonner, a ferry operator. Bonner County comprises the Sandpoint, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Laurel Beach Casino
The Laurel Beach Casino is a historic meeting and entertainment facility at 102 6th Avenue in Milford, Connecticut.  Built in 1929, it is the last surviving building of its type in the city, whose coastal villages once featured seven of them.  The building is a Colonial Revival structure, featuring a wraparound porch, auditorium with stage, and a bowling alley. Ellen’s ghost is known for haunting the alley to these days.   It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.

Milford, Connecticut
Milford is a coastal city in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, between New Haven and Bridgeport. The population was 50,558 at the 2020 United States Census. The city includes the village of Devon and the borough of Woodmont. Milford is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region.
Dashakumaracharita
Dashakumaracharita (The narrative of ten young men, IAST: Daśa-kumāra-Carita, Devanagari: दशकुमारचरित) is a prose romance in Sanskrit, attributed to Dandin (दण्डी), written in the seventh to eighth centuries CE.

It describes the adventures of ten young men, the Kumaras, who are the sons of princes and royal ministers.

The seventh chapter of the Dashakumaracharita contains a specimen of lipogrammatic writing (a species of constrained writing). At the beginning of the chapter, Mantragupta is called upon to relate his adventures. However, during the previous night of vigorous lovemaking, his lips have been nibbled several times by his beloved; as a result, they are now swollen, making it painful for him to close them. Thus, throughout his narrative, he is compelled to refrain from using any labial consonants (प,फ,ब,भ,म).

Constrained writing
Constrained writing is a literary technique in which the writer is bound by some condition that forbids certain things or imposes a pattern.

Constraints are very common in poetry, which often requires the writer to use a particular verse form.
Kalyani Government Engineering College
Kalyani Government Engineering College (KGEC) is a public Engineering college in Kalyani, West Bengal. It was established in 1995 by the Government of West Bengal.

It is a four-year undergraduate institution. It offers undergraduate (B.Tech.) and postgraduate (M.Tech., M.C.A.) engineering degree courses affiliated to the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), West Bengal previously known as West Bengal University of Technology (WBUT).

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal (MAKAUT, WB), formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology (WBUT), is a public technical university located in Haringhata, West Bengal, India. Established in 2001 by the West Bengal legislature, it is fully funded by the Government of West Bengal. The university provides management and engineering degrees through affiliated colleges and in-house departments.
Ikeda Munemasa
Ikeda Munemasa (池田宗政) (June 1727 - March 10, 1764) was a daimyō of Iyo Province in the Edo period of Japan. He was the 4th Lord of the Okayama Domain and head of the Ikeda clan. Ikeda's reign began in 1752, following the retirement of his father, Ikeda Tsugumasa, and lasted until his death in 1764. He was lord of Okayama Castle. His childhood name was Shigetaro (茂太郎) later Minechiyo (峯千代).

He authored Portrait of Hitomaro and His Waka Poem, on the subject of the waka poet Kakinomoto no Hitomaro. He was skilled at calligraphy, haikai, painting and waka.

Okayama Domain
Okayama Domain (岡山藩, Okayama-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now eastern Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It controlled all of Bizen Province and a small portion of Bitchū Province was centered around Okayama Castle, and was ruled throughout its history by a branch of the Ikeda clan. Okayama Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture. Okayama Domain had two sub-domains, Kamogata Domain (鴨方藩) and Ikusaka Domain (生坂藩). In addition, six of the clans who served as hereditary karō of the domain had kokudaka equivalents to that of daimyō.
Star Wars: The Force Awakens (novel)
Star Wars: The Force Awakens is the novelization of the 2015 film of the same name. The author, Alan Dean Foster, also wrote Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker, the 1976 novelization of the first Star Wars film.

Novelization
A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, stage play, comic book, or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
Kola Anubi
Oluwaseun Kolawole Anubi listenⓘ(born 24 March 1987) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He played for Sport Club Internacional in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A and represented Nigeria at various youth international levels. Anubi played a key role for both the Golden Eaglets under-17 team and the Flying Eagles under-20 team.

2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship
The 2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship, was the tenth edition of FIFA U-17 World Championship. It was held in the cities of Helsinki, Tampere, Lahti and Turku in Finland from 13 to 30 August 2003. Players born after 1 January 1986 could participate in this tournament. Some controversy followed the tournament after a number of players from the Sierra Leone squad defected to Finland.
Surrey—White Rock—South Langley
Surrey—White Rock—South Langley (formerly known as Surrey—White Rock, South Surrey—White Rock and Surrey) was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1988 to 1997.

Fraser Valley West
Fraser Valley West was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1997. This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley, New Westminster and Coast—Capilano ridings.

It was abolished in 1996 when it was merged into Langley—Matsqui riding.

It consisted initially of the western part of Matsqui District Municipality and including Crescent Island in the Central Fraser Valley Regional District and part of Surrey District Municipality.

In 1987, it was redefined to consist of:

the City of Langley;

the northeastern part of Langley District Municipality, lying north and east of the City of Langley, the Fraser Highway and 240th Street; and

the northwestern part of Matsqui District Municipality, lying north and west of Matsqui Power Railway right-of-way, and the south boundary of Matsqui District Municipality.
Skyshine's Bedlam
Skyshine's Bedlam is a turn-based tactical roguelike and simulation game developed by Skyshine Games and published by Versus Evil. It was released in 2015 for Windows and OS X.

It received mixed reviews from critics, who praised its art and music, but criticized its story and high level of difficulty.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Odney
Odney is a common in the Thames, part of the civil parish of Cookham, in the English county of Berkshire, and occupies most of the Formosa Island eyot. The island may have been sacred to the main Saxon god, Woden; the common's name originates from the Old English "Wodenes-Eye" ("Woden's Isle").

Ait
An ait (/eɪt/, like eight) or eyot (/aɪ(ə)t, eɪt/) is a small island. The term is especially used to refer to river islands found on the River Thames and its tributaries in England.

Aits are typically formed by the deposit of sediment in the water, which accumulates. An ait is characteristically long and narrow, and may become a permanent island should it become secured and protected by growing vegetation. However, aits may also be eroded: the resulting sediment is deposited further downstream and could result in another ait. A channel with numerous aits is called a braided channel.
Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington
Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington (1673 – 2 July 1743) was a British Whig statesman who served continuously in government from 1715 until his death in 1743. He sat in the English and British House of Commons between 1698 and 1728, and was then raised to the peerage and sat in the House of Lords. He served as prime minister of Great Britain from 1742 until his death in 1743. He is considered to have been Britain's second prime minister, after Robert Walpole, but worked closely with the Secretary of State, Lord Carteret, in order to secure the support of the various factions making up the government.

East Grinstead (UK Parliament constituency)
East Grinstead was a parliamentary constituency in the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. It first existed as a Parliamentary borough from 1307, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons elected by the bloc vote system. The borough was disfranchised under the Reform Act 1832, but the name was revived at the 1885 election when the Redistribution of Seats Act created a new single-member county division of the same name.

Upon its abolition for the 1983 election, its territory was divided between Mid Sussex and Wealden.
Muwen River
Muwen River (Chinese: 牟汶河) is a tributary of Dawen River that originates in Lu Mountain in Laiwu District, flows through Taishan District, confluences with Chaiwen River, and becomes Dawen River. The total length of the river is 208 kilometers, and its flow often stops during the dry season. Before the liberation, the current volume was high and often washed the dike down. Largely complicated reinforcements were made 6 times, and 6 medium and 18 small reservoirs were built.

Dawen River
Dawen River (Chinese: 大汶河; pinyin: Dàwèn Hé) is a river in Shandong Province, China. The main branch, Mouwen River, of the river originates from Yiyuan County, flows through Xintai, Laiwu, and merges with Chaiwen River at Dawenkou. Then, it flows through Tai'an, Feicheng, empties into Dongping Lake which enters Yellow River. The section of the river from Dongping onwards is also known as Daqing River (Chinese: 大清河; pinyin: Dàqīng Hé).

In ancient times, this river was called the 'Wen', and it was the border between the State of Lu and the State of Qi.
Lysaya Mountain (Zhiguli)
Lysaya Mountain (Russian: Лысая гора, IPA: [ˈlɨsəjə ɡɐˈra]), is a peak of the Zhiguli Mountains, located on the border of the city of Zhigulevsk, between the city and the Zhiguli Nature Reserve. It is a unique natural complex combining rich and diverse flora, as well as being a geological, geomorphological monument and a landmark associated with various historical events.

Dmitry Sadovnikov
Dmitry Nikolayevich Sadovnikov (Дмитрий Николаевич Садовников, 7 May 1847 in Simbirsk, Russian Empire – 31 December 1883 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian poet, folklorist and ethnographer.

Among his major works were acclaimed compilations «Загадки русского народа» [The Mysteries of Russian People] (1876), "The Pagan Dreams of Russia" (1882) and «Записки Императорского Русского географического общества» [Fables and Legends of the Samara Region] (1884).
Stuart Rose (designer)
Thomas Stuart Rose (London, 2 October 1911 – 10 September 1993, Coggeshall) CBE was the first Design Director to the British Post Office 1968-76. In 1974 he was awarded the Phillips Gold Medal for stamp design and was appointed CBE the same year.

Central School of Art and Design
The Central School of Art and Design was a school of fine and applied arts in London, England. It offered foundation and degree level courses. It was established in 1896 by the London County Council as the Central School of Arts and Crafts.
Martin Kaltschmitt
Martin Kaltschmitt (engl.: 'Martin Coldsmith', born 18 April 1961) is a German engineer and professor at Hamburg University of Technology. He is head of the Institute of Environmental technology and Energy economics (Institut für Umwelttechnik und Energiewirtschaft) at Hamburg University of Technology.

Hamburg University of Technology
The Hamburg University of Technology (in German Technische Universität Hamburg, abbreviated TUHH (HH as acronym of Hamburg state) or TU Hamburg) is a public research university in Germany. The university was founded in 1978 and in 1982/83 lecturing followed. Around 110 senior lecturers/professors and 1,410 members of staff (802 scientists, including externally funded researchers) work at the TUHH.

It is located in Harburg, a district in the south of Hamburg.
Carlton Cuse
Arthur Carlton Cuse (born March 22, 1959) is an American screenwriter, showrunner, producer, and director, best known for the American television series Lost, for which he made the Time list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2010.

Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama
The Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama is one of the annual Golden Globe Awards, given to the best drama television series. Documentary series and mini-series are also eligible for this award. From 1962 to 1968, the category was Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series, and grouped musical, comedy and drama series in a single category. After 1968, musical and comedy series were given their own category, the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.
Narsipatnam Road railway station
Narsipatnam Road railway station (station code:NRP), is an Indian Railways station in Anakapalli district of Andhra Pradesh. It is situated on Vijayawada–Gudur section of Howrah–Chennai main line and is administered under Vijayawada railway division of South Central Railway zone. It is the 152nd most busiest railway station in India.

Anakapalli district
Anakapalli district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was formed on 4 April 2022 from Anakapalli and Narsipatnam revenue divisions of the old Visakhapatnam district. The administrative headquarters are at Anakapalli. Sankaram, 3 km from Anakapalli is identified to be developed as the headquarters of the new district.
The Beales of Grey Gardens
The Beales of Grey Gardens is a documentary film by Albert Maysles, David Maysles and Ian Markiewicz, released in 2006.

The film is a follow-up to the celebrated 1975 documentary Grey Gardens about Jackie Kennedy's aunt and cousin, "Big" Edie and "Little" Edie Beale, and is composed entirely of footage not used in the original documentary that was shot at the Beale home in East Hampton.

Grey Gardens (estate)
Grey Gardens is a 14-room house at 3 West End Road and Lily Pond Lane in the Georgica Pond neighborhood of East Hampton, New York. It was the residence of the Beale family from 1924 to 1979, including mother and daughter Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale and Edith "Little Edie" Bouvier Beale from 1952 to 1977. The 1975 documentary Grey Gardens depicted the two living in squalor in the mansion; the highly regarded film spawned a 2006 Broadway musical, a 2009 television movie, and other adaptations.

The house dates from 1897, and was designed by Joseph Greenleaf Thorp. Other owners included Ben Bradlee and Sally Quinn, who lived in the house from 1979 to 2014, and extensively restored it before moving in. As of 2017 it was owned by fashion designer and entrepreneur Liz Lange.