hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum
The Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum is located at the Whitefish Point Light Station 11 miles (18 km) north of Paradise in Chippewa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The light station property was transferred to the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society (GLSHS), the Michigan Audubon Society (MAS), and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in 1996.  The three entities share governance of the site.  The museum is operated by the GLSHS. The museum exhibits artifacts from shipwrecks from the Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve and the bell from the wreck of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald. Admission to the museum includes a tour of historic buildings with displays that interpret the Great Lakes maritime, United States Coast Guard, and US Life-Saving Service history.

United States Life-Saving Service
The United States Life-Saving Service was a United States government agency that grew out of private and local humanitarian efforts to save the lives of shipwrecked mariners and passengers. It began in 1848 and ultimately merged with the Revenue Cutter Service to form the United States Coast Guard in 1915.
Harry Dalton
Harry Inglis Dalton (August 23, 1928 – October 23, 2005) was an American front-office executive in Major League Baseball. He served as general manager of three American League (AL) teams, the Baltimore Orioles (1966–71), California Angels (1972–77) and Milwaukee Brewers (1978–91), and was a principal architect of the Orioles' dynasty of 1966–74 as well as the only AL championship the Brewers ever won (1982). He was twice named executive of the year.

Born in West Springfield, Massachusetts—also the hometown of Baseball Hall of Fame manager Leo Durocher—Dalton graduated from Amherst College and served in the United States Air Force during the Korean War, earning a Bronze Star.

Leo Durocher
Leo Ernest Durocher (French spelling Léo Ernest Durocher) (/dəˈroʊ.ʃər/; July 27, 1905 – October 7, 1991), nicknamed "Leo the Lip" and "Lippy", was an American professional baseball player, manager, and coach. He played in Major League Baseball as an infielder. Upon his retirement, he ranked fifth all-time among managers with 2,008 career victories, second only to John McGraw in National League history. Durocher still ranks twelfth in career wins by a manager. A controversial and outspoken character, Durocher's half-century in baseball was dogged by clashes with authority, the baseball commissioner, the press, and umpires; his 100 career ejections as a manager trailed only McGraw when he retired, and he still ranks third on the all-time list. He won three National League pennants and one world championship. In 25 years as a manager, Durocher had only 4 losing seasons.

Durocher was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994.
Maale language
Maale (also spelled Male) is an Omotic language spoken in the Omo Region of Ethiopia. The Maale people are vigorously maintaining their language despite exposure to outside pressures and languages. It is used for social, religious and local administrative purposes since most of its speakers are monolingual. There are plans to use the language as a medium of education as well.

Omotic languages
The Omotic languages are a traditionally recognized but disputed grouping of languages spoken mainly in southwestern Ethiopia, around the Omo River region, and in parts of southeastern Sudan (Blue Nile State). This classification conventionally includes the Damotic (North Omotic), Dizoid (Majoid), Mao and Aroid (South Omotic) languages.

Some of these languages are written in the Geʽez script, while others use the Latin alphabet. They are generally agglutinative and exhibit complex tonal systems, as in the Bench language. The group comprises about 7.9 million speakers.

They are generally classified within the Afroasiatic family, though the internal coherence of Omotic as a linguistic unit is questioned by some linguists. For example, Güldemann treats Damotic and Dizoid as Afroasiatic, but considers Mao and Aroid to be separate language groups outside Afroasiatic, influenced by contact with North Omotic.
Da jiu-jia
Da jiu-jia, (Chinese: 大救駕) is a type of Chinese stir-fry that consists of Erkuai (Chinese: 饵块; pinyin: ĕrkuāi) cut into thin slices before being fried with pork, egg, soy sauce, and vegetables. Da jiu-jia is commonly paired with a soup but can be eaten alone.

Erkuai
Erkuai (Chinese: 饵块; pinyin: ěrkuài) is a type of rice cake particular to the Yunnan Province of southwest China.

It is often served stir-fried with vegetables, and málà (麻辣) sauce, which is a mixture of dried red chilis, Sichuan pepper, and salt.

It is also sold as the popular street food kăo ĕrkuāi (烤饵块) or shāo ěrkuāi grilled and rolled around a yóutiáo (strip of fried dough), with sweet or savory condiments added, making a rolled-up snack resembling a Mexican burrito. The sweet type contains a sweet brown sauce and peanuts, while the savory type is spread with lǔfǔ and bean sprouts, and various other toppings. Kăo ĕrkuāi is particularly popular in the tourist area of Dali.

Its peculiar name has led to it being called one of the Eighteen Oddities in Yunnan.
HM Prison Durham
HM Prison Durham is a Georgian era reception Category B men's prison, located in the Elvet area of Durham in County Durham, England. Built in 1819, the prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. Its women prisoners were all moved out to other prisons in 2005 due to overcrowding and suicides.

Richardson Gang
The Richardson Gang was an English crime gang based in South London, England, in the 1960s. Also known as the "Torture Gang", they had a reputation as some of London's most sadistic gangsters. Their alleged specialties included pulling teeth out using pliers, cutting off toes using bolt cutters and nailing victims to floors using 6-inch nails.
Hercules Ayala
Ruben Cruz (July 14, 1950 – January 22, 2020) was a Puerto Rican professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Hercules Ayala. He competed in Canadian and international wrestling promotions including the eastern Canadian Grand Prix Wrestling, the Calgary-based Stampede Wrestling, New Japan Pro-Wrestling in Japan and World Wrestling Council in Puerto Rico.

WWC North American Tag Team Championship
The WWC North American Tag Team Championship, also known as the Puerto Rican version of the NWA North American Tag Team Championship, was a major tag team championship that was used and defended in Capitol Sports Promotions (CSP, later the World Wrestling Council (WWC)). The promotion, still in operation today, is based out of Puerto Rico and was a National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) affiliate until 1988. This title was the third NWA sanctioned championship to use the "NWA North American Tag Team Championship" name and, while its name suggests it was a title defended across the continent, it was actually only used within the Puerto Rico territory.
Umqombothi (song)
"Umqombothi" ("African Beer"; Xhosa pronunciation: [um̩k͡ǃomboːtʰi]) is a song performed by South African singer Yvonne Chaka Chaka. It was composed by Sello "Chicco" Twala and Attie van Wyk. Umqombothi, in Xhosa, is a beer commonly found in South Africa made from maize, maize malt, sorghum malt, yeast and water.

Hotel Rwanda featured "Umqombothi" in the beginning of the film.

Xhosa language
Xhosa (/ˈkoʊsə/ KOH-sə, Xhosa: [ᵏǁʰôːsa] ⓘ), formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Bantu language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Xhosa is spoken as a first language by approximately 8 million people and as a second language in South Africa, particularly in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape and Gauteng, and also in parts of Zimbabwe and Lesotho. It has perhaps the heaviest functional load of click consonants in a Bantu language (approximately tied with Yeyi), with one count finding that 10% of basic vocabulary items contained a click.
FFSA Super League
The FFSA Super League was the highest state-level soccer competition in South Australia between 2006 and 2012. Prior to the 2006 season, the highest level competition in South Australia was the SASF Premier League. Due to the manifestation of a new governing body, Football Federation Australia the SASF ceased operations. Nationally, it was one grade lower than the A-League. It was conducted by the Football Federation of South Australia (FFSA), the state's governing body. Each season the bottom two Super League clubs were relegated to the FFSA Premier League. The final champions in 2012 where the Adelaide Blue Eagles.

Football South Australia
Football South Australia (FSA) is the governing body of soccer in the state of South Australia. It was established in 2006 under the name Football Federation South Australia (FFSA), which succeeded the former organisation, the South Australian Soccer Federation (SASF).

FSA oversees the highest levels of soccer in South Australia, as well as collaborating with regional competitions and amateur leagues, and organise the Football SA Federation Cup.
Luossavaara
Luossavaara (Northern Sami: Luossavárri) is a mountain in Kiruna, Sweden.  It is the site of a now-inactive iron ore mine formerly operated by the Swedish mining company LKAB.  Today it has a ski lift and slope, as well as a hiking path called Midnattsolstigen (the Midnight Sun Trail).

LKAB
Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag (LKAB) is a state-owned Swedish mining company. The company mines iron ore at Kiruna and at Malmberget in northern Sweden. The company was established in 1890, and has been 100% state-owned since 1976. The iron ore is processed to pellets and sinter fines, which are transported by Iore trains (Malmbanan) to the harbours at Narvik and Luleå and to the steel mill at Luleå (SSAB). Their production is sold throughout much of the world, with the principal markets being European steel mills, as well as North Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. LKAB's mines supply at least 80% of Europe's iron ore.
Jensen H-type
The Jensen H-type is a saloon car built by Jensen Motors from 1938 until 1945. The car was built on a strengthened Ford chassis and used aluminum for the body panels. The car was sold with a 4,279 cc (4.3 L; 261.1 cu in) OHV straight-eight engine built by Nash. However, there was at least 1 H-type that was fitted with a V12 from the Lincoln Zephyr.

As the car was produced during wartime, the output from the factory in West Bromwich had slowed as raw materials were required in abundance to help the war effort. In total, there were 15 complete examples of the H-type to leave Jensen's factory.

Lincoln-Zephyr
The Lincoln-Zephyr is a line of luxury cars that was produced by the Lincoln division of Ford from 1936 until 1942. Bridging the gap between the Ford V8 DeLuxe and the Lincoln Model K (in both size and price), it expanded Lincoln to a second model line, competing against the Chrysler Airflow, LaSalle, and the Packard One-Twenty.

Following the discontinuation of the Model K after 1940, Lincoln shifted its production exclusively to the Lincoln-Zephyr design. After World War II, the Zephyr name was dropped.

The Zephyr had been the basis of the first Lincoln Continental, which debuted in 1940 and became Lincoln's longest-running nameplate. The model line was powered by a V12 engine, in contrast to its competitors' V8 and inline-8 engines.

The Lincoln-Zephyr was conceived by Edsel Ford and designed by Eugene Turenne "Bob" Gregorie. It was assembled at the Lincoln Motor Company Plant in Detroit, Michigan.
.17 Ackley Bee
The .17 Ackley Bee is a wildcat centerfire rifle cartridge named after its designer, P.O. Ackley, and is a .218 Bee case necked down to .17 caliber with a sharper shoulder and less body taper. Being a rimmed case, it was popular in single shot rifles such as the Martini Cadet and Low Wall Winchester. The caliber is well suited to varmint hunting particularly where minimal pelt damage is required.

Wildcat cartridge
A wildcat cartridge, often shortened to wildcat, is a custom-made cartridge for which ammunition and/or firearms are not mass-produced. These cartridges are often created as experimental variants to optimize a certain ballistic performance characteristic (such as the power, size, or efficiency) of an existing commercial cartridge, or may merely be intended as novelty items.

Developing and using wildcat cartridges does not generally serve a purpose in military or law enforcement; it is more a hobby for serious sport shooting, hunting, gunsmithing and handloading enthusiasts, particularly in the United States. There are potentially endless varieties of wildcat cartridge: one source of gunsmithing equipment has a library of over 6,000 different wildcat cartridges for which they produce equipment such as chamber reamers.
Miss Grand Netherlands 2018
Miss Grand Netherlands 2018 was the third edition of the Miss Grand Netherlands beauty pageant, held at the Apollo Hotel, Vinkeveen, Netherlands, on June 17, 2018. Ten candidates who qualified through the casting process held earlier in March competed for the title, and a businessperson from North Brabant, Kimberley Xhofleer, was named the winner. Kimberley then represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2018 pageant in Yangon, Myanmar, but was unplaced.

Initially, the pageant was expected to be participated by twelve national candidates. Still, two of them, Deborah van Hemert of Gelderland and Ashley van Bree of Overijssel withdrew for undisclosed reasons.

Moreover, the first runner-up in the pageant, Safina Barsatie of South Holland, who was born in Suriname's capital, Paramaribo, was later appointed as "Miss Grand Suriname 2018", but she also was unplaced at the international contest in Myanmar.

Miss Grand Netherlands
Miss Grand Netherlands is a Dutch female national beauty pageant, founded in 2016 by an Amsterdam-based pageant organizer, Robin & Stefan Hoven – Lieuw Choy. The winner of the contest represented the country in its international parent contest, Miss Grand International.

Occasionally, the Miss Grand Netherlands titleholders were determined through other national pageants, such as Miss Supranational Netherlands in 2013–2014, and Miss 12 Months of Beauty in 2020 and 2022.

Since their debut in 2013, Netherlands' representatives have not won the Miss Grand International title but hold a record of 5 placements in such a title; the highest position is the fifth runner-up, obtained by Melissa Bottema in 2023.
Nobuhiro Sonoda
Nobuhiro Sonoda is a luthier of reputation, born in Tokyo, 1949, working and residing in Chiba, Japan, since 1999.

His training was at Soroku Murata in Tokyo and Mittenwald School in Germany, where he passed his master's degree in 1982 under Josef Kantuscher.

He won a bronze medal in 1984.

He won the gold medal of the same year's Antonio Stradivari international Violin Making Competition and was in the jury of the same Competition in 2006.

Soroku Murata
Soroku Murata (Japanese 無量塔 蔵六; real name Shōichirō Murata, Japanese 村田 昭一郎; * March 4, 1927, in Tokyo, † January 30, 2020, ibidem) was the first Japanese violinmaker with a German master craftsman’s diploma.
Kamashastra
In Indian literature, Kāma-Śāstra (कामशास्त्र ), refers to the tradition of works about kāma (broadly desire; particularly love, erotic, sensual and sexual desire in this case).  Kāma-shastra aims to instruct the townsman (nāgarika) in the attainment of enjoyment and fulfillment.

Yaśodharā
Yaśodharā or Yashodhara, originally known as Bhaddakaccānā (Pāli) or Bhadrakātyāyani (Sanskrit), was an Indian princess and the wife of Prince Siddhartha prior to his renunciation to become a śramaṇa (ascetic). She was the mother of Rāhula, and the niece of Mahaprajapati Gautami. Later, she became a Bhikkhunī and is considered an arahatā.
The Menzingers
The Menzingers are an American punk rock band from Scranton, Pennsylvania, formed in 2006. The band consists of Greg Barnett (vocals, guitar), Tom May (vocals, guitar), Eric Keen (bass) and Joe Godino (drums). To date, the band has released eight studio albums, with their most recent, Some of It Was True, released on October 13, 2023.

The Bouncing Souls
The Bouncing Souls are an American punk rock band from New Brunswick, New Jersey, formed in 1989. By the time of their acknowledgment by the national punk rock scene, they had reignited a "pogo" element to New Jersey punk rock by playing fast light-hearted songs, a model followed by various other local bands.
Civil rights referendum
A civil rights referendum or human rights referendum is any act of direct democracy which allows for a vote on the granting or amendment of current civil rights, liberties or associations as recognized by a government. Such referendums have frequently been proposed as a means by which the majority of the voting public in a polity, rather than the judicial or legislative chambers of government, could determine what the state should recognize or carry out, while such referendums have been strongly criticized by civil rights organizations and professional bodies as means by which the majority of the public could vote on the rights of a vulnerable minority according to contemporary prejudices.

Direct democracy
Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which the electorate directly decides on policy initiatives, without elected representatives as proxies, as opposed to the representative democracy model which occurs in the majority of established democracies. The theory and practice of direct democracy and participation as its common characteristic constituted the core of the work of many theorists, philosophers, politicians, and social critics, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Stuart Mill, and G.D.H. Cole.
Surveillance pricing
Surveillance pricing is a form of dynamic pricing where a consumer's personal data and behavior is used to determine their willingness to pay. This form of price discrimination assesses price sensitivity for products or services based on an individual’s characteristics and behaviors including location, demographics, browsing patterns, shopping history, and inferred emotional or financial states.

The practice has been described as "personalized pricing", which has been taken to reflect an economic view that it adds value for consumers. It has also been described as personalized price gouging and has raised concerns over algorithmic discrimination, consumer privacy, digital redlining, and undermining price discovery. Proponents suggest the practice could be implemented in a manner akin to a progressive tax enabling price equity.

Willingness to pay
In behavioral economics, willingness to pay (WTP) is the maximum price at or below which a consumer will definitely buy one unit of a product. This corresponds to the standard economic view of a consumer reservation price. Some researchers, however, conceptualize WTP as a range.

According to the constructed preference view, consumer willingness to pay is a context-sensitive construct; that is, a consumer's WTP for a product depends on the concrete decision context. For example, consumers tend to be willing to pay more for a soft drink in a luxury hotel resort in comparison to a beach bar or a local retail store.
Haschbach am Remigiusberg
Haschbach am Remigiusberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

Kusel (district)
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north-west clockwise) Birkenfeld, Bad Kreuznach, Donnersbergkreis, Kaiserslautern, Saarpfalz and Sankt Wendel (the last two belonging to the state of Saarland).
Hi, Bob
Hi, Bob is a drinking game in which players watch The Bob Newhart Show and consume alcohol whenever a character utters the phrase "Hi, Bob". Believed to have originated on American university campuses in the 1980s, it is thought to be the first documented instance of a drinking game using prompts from a television show to initiate player action.

Drinking game
Drinking games are games which involve the consumption of alcoholic beverages and often enduring the subsequent intoxication resulting from them. Evidence of the existence of drinking games dates back to antiquity. Drinking games have been banned at some institutions, particularly colleges and universities.
2004 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament
The 2004 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament began on 7 January 2004, and is the 12th CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament. This was the 4th tournament is open to players under the age of 23 without any other restriction. There is no qualification stage and all 10 member of CONMEBOL automatic qualified. The winner and the runner-up qualified for 2004 Summer Olympics. Players born on or after 1 January 1981 were eligible to play in this competition.

CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament
The CONMEBOL Preolímpico (English: Pre-Olympic Tournament) is an international association football event in the South America region organized by CONMEBOL. It is the qualification tournament for the football tournament at the Olympic Games.

In 1960, teams from North and Central America also entered the tournament. Before 1984, only junior or non-professional players were allowed to participate. In 1987 the competition opened to any player who had not played in World Cup (whether a qualifying match or at the final tournament). Due to an International Olympic Committee ruling, since 1992, male competitors have been required to be under 23 years old, and since 1996, a maximum of three over-23-year-old players have been allowed per squad.

The tournament was not held between 2007 and 2015, as the South American Youth Championship was chosen as the qualifying tournament for the Olympic Games. The competition was re-introduced for the 2020 games.
Subodh Chandra Hansda
Subodh Chandra Hansda (1927 – 26 September 2004) was member of 5th Lok Sabha from Medinipur (Lok Sabha constituency) in West Bengal State, India.

Hansda was born in the village of Jubrajpur, Midnapore district in 1927. He was elected to 1st and 2nd Lok Sabha from Midinipur and  to 3rd Lok Sabha from Jhargram (Lok Sabha constituency).

Hansda died in Midnapore, West Bengal on 26 September 2004, at the age of 77.

1st Lok Sabha
The First Lok Sabha was constituted on 17 April 1952 after India's first general election. The 1st Lok Sabha lasted its full tenure of five years and was dissolved on 4 April 1957. The First Session of this Lok Sabha commenced on 13 May 1952.

Total Lok Sabha seats were 489 and total eligible voters were 17.3 crores. The Indian National Congress (INC) won 364 seats. They were followed by Independents, winning a total of 37 seats. The Communist Party of India (CPI) and the Socialist Party (India) followed with 16 and 12 seats respectively. Indian National Congress got 45% of the total votes in this election and won 76% of the 479 contested seats.
Heliogomphus nietneri
Heliogomphus nietneri is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.