hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ladakhi–Balti languages
The Ladakhi–Balti languages or Western Archaic Tibetan languages are a subgroup of the Tibetic languages spoken in the Ladakh region of India and in the Gilgit-Baltistan territory of Pakistan. The lects lack mutual intelligibility and are considered separate languages by their speakers. The grouping includes:

Ladakhi (Ladakh, Baltistan, Tibet)

Zangskari (Ladakh)

Purgi (Ladakh, Baltistan)

Balti (Baltistan, Ladakh)

Changthang (Ladakh, Tibet)

Proto-Western Tibetan has been reconstructed by Backstrom (1994).

Zangskari language
Zangskari (Zanskari, Zaskari) is an endangered Tibetic language. It is a dialect of the Ladakhi language. It is mostly spoken in the Zanskar region of the Kargil district of Ladakh, India and also by Buddhists in the upper reaches of Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, and Paddar, Jammu and Kashmir. It is written using the Tibetan script.

Zangskari is divided into four homogeneous groups, namely Oot (Stod) or Upper Zanskari spoken along the Doda River, Zhung (Gžun) or Central Zanskari mostly spoken in Padum valley, Sham (Gšam) or Lower Zanskari spoken along the lower portions of Zanskar River and lastly Lungnak (Luŋnag) along the upper Zanskar River region. A seminar on the documentation and revitalization of the Zanskari language was once held at GMDC Zanskar.
Odyssey (George Chapman translation)
Homer's Odysses is an English translation of Homer's Odyssey  by writer George Chapman. It was published around 1614 to 1615. It is widely known as the first complete translation of the poem into the English language.

Chapman spent twenty-six years translating works traditionally attributed to Homer. His complete Iliad was released in 1611, written in rhyming fourteeners. For Odyssey, he changed the blank verse and dactylic hexameter of the original Homeric Greek to rhyming couplets of iambic pentameter, establishing a new standard for translations of Greek and Latin hexameter.

Chapman said he was inspired by the ghost of Homer. His translation is discussed within the historical context of the Elizabethan era and is seen to characterise Odysseus as a Christian hero.

Alexander Pope
Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature,  Pope is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry including An Essay on Criticism (1711), The Rape of the Lock (1712–1717), The Dunciad (1728–1743), and for his translations of Homer.

Pope is often quoted in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, some of his verses having entered common parlance (e.g. "damning with faint praise" or "to err is human; to forgive, divine").
Audiosurf 2
Audiosurf 2, previously named Audiosurf Air, is a music-based puzzle video game created by Dylan Fitterer, and the sequel to Audiosurf. It was launched on October 2, 2013, for Windows through Steam Early Access, OS X and Linux versions were released on January 9, 2015. The game is Steam Workshop compatible, allowing players to create and share mods for the game. It came out of early access on May 26, 2015.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Pope John VIII
Pope John VIII (Latin: Ioannes VIII; died 16 December 882) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 14 December 872 to his death. He is often considered one of the most able popes of the 9th century.

John devoted much of his papacy to attempting to halt and reverse the Muslim gains in southern Italy and their march northwards. When his efforts to obtain assistance from either the Franks or the Byzantines failed, John strengthened the defences of Rome. He supported Methodius of Thessalonica in his mission to the Slavs, defended him against the Carolingian rulers and Bavarian clergy, and authorized the translation of the Bible into Old Church Slavonic. John also extended diplomatic recognition to the Duchy of Croatia and resolved the Photian schism. John's pontificate ended with his assassination, and the papacy became significantly weaker in the aftermath.

Francis Dvornik
Francis Dvornik (Czech: František Dvorník; 14 August 1893 – 4 November 1975) was a Czech academic medievalist, byzantinist, slavist and Catholic priest. He was one of the leading 20th century authorities on Slavic and Byzantine history and matters related to the churches of Rome and Constantinople. For almost three decades, he was a professor of Byzantine history at the Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies of Harvard University.
Samar Provincial Board
The Samar Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Samar, formerly "Western Samar".

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, each having five seats. A voter votes up to five names, with the top five candidates per district being elected. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province-wide.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Samar.

Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL).

Legislative districts of Samar
The legislative districts of Samar are the representations of the province of Samar in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts.
Kamal Kumar
Kamal Kumar (died 21 November 2023) was a Fijian jurist who served as Chief Justice of Fiji from 2019 to 2023.

Kumar was educated at the Queensland University of Technology in Australia, graduating with a Bachelor of Law (LL.B.). He worked as a lawyer in Australia, and then in Fiji, before being appointed to the High Court of Fiji civil division in 2013.

From September 2018, he served as the head of the Fiji Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination Commission, and he served as a president of Dakshina India Andhra Sangam Fiji of Lautoka Branch for two consecutive terms until 2012. He was appointed acting chief justice following the retirement of Anthony Gates in April 2019. The position was made permanent and he was formally sworn in as chief justice on 6 August 2021.

On 30 January 2023, Kumar was suspended by President Wiliame Katonivere after allegations of misbehaviour. Salesi Temo was appointed to act in his place. He died on 21 November 2023.

Anthony Gates
Anthony Harold Cumberland Thomas Gates CF was the chief justice of Fiji from 2008 to 2019.

Gates is best known for his decision in Chandrika Prasad v. Att-Gen of Fiji [2000] 2 FLR 89; Prasad v. Republic of Fiji & Another [2001] 1 LRC 665; [2001] NZAR 21 in which he held that the Constitution of Fiji had not been abrogated by the military intervention in 2000, and that the Constitution continued to be the law of the land. His decision was upheld by Fiji’s Court of Appeal, in February 2001. However, the decision which should have led to the restoration of the Parliament suspended by the coup of 2000 was not obeyed by the government at that time, the Government instead choosing to call for a vote in 2001.

Gates is also well known for his decisions that enforced civil rights for prison inmates (Noa Yasa & Anor v State HAM063A.05S [2005] paclii) and for the treason-related hearings of people alleged to have been involved in the political events in Fiji of 2000.
Hua Mak station
Hua Mak station (Thai: สถานีหัวหมาก, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː hǔa màːk]) is a station on the Eastern Line of the State Railway of Thailand, an Airport Rail Link station and an MRT station on the Yellow Line, located on Srinagarindra Road in Phatthanakan Subdistrict, Suan Luang District, Bangkok. Three rail operators run the station complex separately at their respective stations, with no paid area integration between the three stations.

Phatthanakan subdistrict
Phatthanakan (Thai: พัฒนาการ, pronounced [pʰát.tʰā.nāː.kāːn]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Suan Luang District, in Bangkok, Thailand. It was created in 2017, split off from Suan Luang Subdistrict along with On Nut Subdistrict.

In 2020, it had a total population of 30,975 people.
Outline of Hawaii
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Hawaii:

Hawaii is the newest state among the 50 states of the United States of America. It is also the southernmost state, the only tropical state, and the only state that was previously an independent monarchy.

The state comprises the Hawaiian Islands (with the exception of Midway) in the North Pacific Ocean and is the only U.S. state that is not primarily located on the continent of North America.

Hawaii wine
Hawaii wine is wine made in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The bulk of the state's wine is produced on the island of Maui, though there is some production on the island of Hawaii. The state mainly produces fruit wine such as a pineapple sparkling wine.
Viticulture in Hawaii has roots back into the early 1800's when cuttings from plants brought to Oahu by Spanish horticulturist, Don Francisco de Paula Marin established Hawaii's first grape vineyard in 1815. In June 2021, Ulupalakua AVA was established on Maui as the state's initial American Viticultural Area (AVA) and the only one outside of the mainland United States.
Indigenous uses of yellow cedar
Yellow cedar (Cupressus nootkatensis) is a culturally, economically and environmentally significant species to the Pacific Northwest and was used extensively by Indigenous Peoples throughout the region.

Callitropsis nootkatensis
Callitropsis nootkatensis, formerly known as Cupressus nootkatensis (syn. Xanthocyparis nootkatensis, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis), is a species of tree in the cypress family native to the coastal regions of northwestern North America. This species goes by many common names including: Nootka cypress, yellow cypress, Alaska cypress, Nootka cedar, yellow cedar, Alaska cedar, and Alaska yellow cedar. The specific epithet nootkatensis is derived from the species being from the area of Nootka Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada.  Both locations are named for the older European name Nootka, given the Nuu-chah-nulth First Nation.
Mayberry Mound and Village Site
The Mayberry Mound and Village Site are a valuable archaeological site in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Illinois. Located near the village of Sims in southern Wayne County, the site comprises what was once a substantial village during the Archaic period, and it has been designated a historic site because of its archaeological importance.

Archaic period (North America)
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development. The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies supported through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish.  As its ending is defined by the adoption of sedentary farming, this date can vary significantly across the Americas.

The term "Archaic Period" is also as a timespan label elsewhere in the Americas, with different timespans than the North American Archaic.
Delegated Path Validation
Delegated Path Validation (DPV) is a cryptographic method used to offload the task of validating the certification path of digital certificates from the client to a trusted server. This process is integral to various security protocols that rely on Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). DPV aim to enhance the efficiency of certification path validation by leveraging a server dedicated to this task, which provides validation results to the client. This approach is particularly useful in resource-constrained environments where clients may not have the computational power to perform extensive certificate validation themselves.

Chain of trust
In computer security, a chain of trust is established by validating each component of hardware and software from the end entity up to the root certificate.  It is intended to ensure that only trusted software and hardware can be used while still retaining flexibility.
2013–14 Fenerbahçe S.K. season
The 2013–14 season is Fenerbahçe's 56th consecutive season in the Süper Lig and their 107th year in existence. They also competed in the UEFA Champions League starting in the third qualifying round after being second in the 2012–13 domestic season. At the same time, Fenerbahçe was banned from European football, the Champions League third qualifying round spots shifted down after a match-fixing scandal. On 18 July 2013, Fenerbahçe's will enter the Champions League third qualifying round on Friday despite its UEFA ban for match-fixing scandal after winning an emergency ruling from the Court of Arbitration for Sport.

Court of Arbitration for Sport
The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS; French: Tribunal arbitral du sport, TAS) is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through arbitration. Its headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland, and its courts are located in New York City, Sydney, and Lausanne. Temporary courts are established in current Olympic host cities.

The International Council of Arbitration for Sport (ICAS) was established simultaneously, and a single president presides over both bodies. The ICAS, which has a membership of 20 individuals, is responsible for the financing of and financial reporting by the CAS, and it appoints the Director-General of the CAS.
Amarna letter EA 289
Amarna letter EA 289, titled: "A Reckoning Demanded," is a moderately tall, finely-inscribed clay tablet letter, approximately 6.5 in tall, from Abdi-Heba the mayor/ruler of Jerusalem, of the mid 14th century BC Amarna letters. The scribe of his six letters to Egypt were penned by the "Jerusalem scribe"; EA 289 is a moderately long, and involved letter, mentioning ten named individuals, some more than three times. A total of nine locations are referenced, as well as men of the "Hapiru"-("LÚ-MEŠ-Hapiru-ki"), and men of "Qilyi-ki".

The Amarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are a mid 14th century BC, about 1350 BC and 20–25 years later, correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found at Akhenaten's city Akhetaten, in the floor of the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.

Letter EA 289 (see here-(Obverse): ), is numbered VAT 1645, from the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin.

Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh
The building known as the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh (also known as the Records Office) is located in the 'Central City' area of the ancient Egyptian city of Akhetaten, known as Amarna in modern times.  The city was the short-lived capital during the reign of the pharaoh Akhenaten during ancient Egypt's 18th Dynasty.
Beaconsfield, New South Wales
Beaconsfield is a small inner southern suburb of Sydney, Australia. Beaconsfield is located 5 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

Beaconsfield has a mixture of industrial and medium to high density residential areas.

Beaconsfield is part of the Green Square district which is currently undergoing gentrification. This involves an urban renewal project that is constructing modern retail, business and residential developments.

Alexandria, New South Wales
Alexandria is an inner southern suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Alexandria is located 5 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney. The postcode is 2015.

The rough boundaries of Alexandria are Botany Road to the east, Gardeners Road to the south, Mitchell Road and Sydney Park to the west, and Boundary Road to the north. It is approximately 3.5 km south of Central station.
Shimotsuke Provincial Capital
The Shimotsuke Provincial Capital ruins (下野国庁跡, Shimotsuke kokuchō ato) is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Nara to Heian period government administrative complex located in what is now part of the city of Tochigi, Tochigi prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. Identified as the ruins of the kokufu (provincial capital) of Shimotsuke Province, the site is protected by the national government as a National Historic Site from 1982.

Tochigi (city)
Tochigi (栃木市, Tochigi-shi) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 June 2023,  the city had an estimated population of 151,842 in 66,018 households, and a population density of 458 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 331.50 square kilometres (127.99 sq mi). Because the city escaped war damage during World War II, many historical temples, traditional shops and kura (Japanese traditional storehouses) remain in the city center. The city was awarded the "Utsukushii-machinami Taisho" prize from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in 2009.
Saint Stephen's Episcopal Church (Forest, Virginia)
Saint Stephen's Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal church that was founded in 1824 by Rev. Nicholas Hamner Cobbs (later bishop of Alabama). The Church sits on a historical plot in Forest, Bedford County, Virginia which was originally owned by former president Thomas Jefferson, and donated to the church by Elizabeth Moseley Radford. Saint Stephens was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Poplar Forest
Poplar Forest is a plantation and retreat home in Forest, Virginia, United States, that belonged to Thomas Jefferson, Founding Father and third U.S. president. Jefferson inherited the property in 1773 and began designing and working on his retreat home in 1806. While Jefferson is the most famous individual associated with the property, it had several owners before being purchased for restoration, preservation, and exhibition in 1984.

Poplar Forest was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1971 and is now operated as a historic house museum by the nonprofit Corporation for Jefferson's Poplar Forest. The corporation is also responsible for the ongoing archaeological study and restoration work at the property. The Corporation celebrated the completed restoration of Jefferson's villa retreat in April 2023.
West Hallam
West Hallam is a large village and civil parish west of Ilkeston in the county of Derbyshire in the East Midlands region of England. West Hallam has had its own parish council since 1894 and, since 1974, has been part of the Erewash borough. The population of the civil parish was 4,829 at the 2001 census reducing to 4,686 at the 2011 census.

Borough of Erewash
Erewash (/ˈɛrəwɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a local government district with borough status in Derbyshire, England. The borough is named after the River Erewash. The council has offices in both the borough's towns of Ilkeston and Long Eaton. The borough also includes several villages and surrounding rural areas. Some of the built-up areas in the east of the borough form part of the Nottingham Urban Area.

Erewash Borough has military affiliations with 814 Naval Air Squadron Fleet Air Arm based at Royal Naval Air Station (RNAS) Culdrose and the Mercian Regiment of the British Army, as the successors to the local infantry regiment the Sherwood Foresters.

The neighbouring districts are South Derbyshire, Derby, Amber Valley, Broxtowe, Rushcliffe and North West Leicestershire.
Levomepromazine
Levomepromazine, also known as methotrimeprazine, is a phenothiazine neuroleptic drug. Brand names include Nozinan, Levoprome, Detenler, Hirnamin, Levotomin and Neurocil. It is a low-potency antipsychotic (approximately half as potent as chlorpromazine) with strong analgesic, hypnotic and antiemetic properties that are primarily used in palliative care.

Serious side effects include tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, abnormalities in the electrical cycle of the heart, low blood pressure and the potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

As is typical of phenothiazine antipsychotics, levomepromazine is a "dirty drug", that is, it exerts its effects by blocking a variety of receptors, including adrenergic receptors, dopamine receptors, histamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and serotonin receptors.

Antiemetic
An antiemetic is a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea. Antiemetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of opioid analgesics, general anaesthetics, and chemotherapy directed against cancer. They may be used for severe cases of gastroenteritis, especially if the patient is dehydrated.

Some antiemetics previously thought to cause birth defects appear safe for use by pregnant women in the treatment of morning sickness and the more serious hyperemesis gravidarum.
FC Buryatia Ulan-Ude
FC Buryatia Ulan-Ude (Russian: ФК «Селенга» Улан‑Удэ) is a Russian football team from Ulan-Ude. It played professionally from 1958 to 2003. It played on the second-highest level (Soviet First League and Russian First Division) in 1958–1962, 1968–1969 and 1992–1993.

Ulan-Ude
Ulan-Ude (/ʊˈlɑːnʊˈdɛ/; Russian: Улан-Удэ, Russian pronunciation: [ʊˈlan ʊˈdɛ]; Buryat: Улаан-Үдэ, romanized: Ulaan-Üde, IPA: [ʊˌlaːɴ‿ˈʉdə]) is the capital city of Buryatia, Russia, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga. According to the 2021 Census, 437,565 people lived in Ulan-Ude; up from 404,426 recorded in the 2010 Census, making the city the third-largest in the Russian Far East by population.
Gianni Mazzocchi
Gianni Mazzocchi (18 November 1906 – 24 October 1984) was an Italian magazine editor-proprietor, originally from Marche, with an unusual degree of energy and entrepreneurial flair; he moved north to Milan and became a leading print-media magnate. He founded more than fifteen national magazines including several, such as Il Mondo, L'Europeo, and Quattroruote, that continued to feature prominently on the nation's news stands long after his death.

Alfonso Gatto
Alfonso Gatto (17 July 1909 – 8 March 1976) was an Italian poet and writer. Along with Giuseppe Ungaretti he is one of the foremost Italian poets of the 20th century and a major exponent of hermetic poetry.
Battle of Fair Garden
The Battle of Fair Garden was a minor cavalry battle of the American Civil War between the Army of Ohio and The Department of East Tennessee, occurring on January 27, 1864, in Sevier County, Tennessee. Despite the small size of the battle, both sides incurred considerable casualties.

Sevier County, Tennessee
Sevier County (/səˈvɪər/ sə-VEER) is a county of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 98,380. Its county seat and largest city is Sevierville. Sevier County comprises the Sevierville, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Knoxville-Morristown-Sevierville, TN Combined Statistical Area.
Outbound Love
Outbound Love (Chinese: 單戀雙城; literally "Unrequited Love in Double Cities"), is a Hong Kong  romantic comedy serial produced by TVB and Astro. Filming for this series took place in Hong Kong and Malaysia, with Ruco Chan, Aimee Chan, Rosina Lam and Tony Hung as the main cast.

Mat Yeung
Mat Yeung Ming (born 27 February 1981) is a Hong Kong television actor and host known for his roles as Lui Ting in Screen Play (2000), as Wan Po-yu in The 'W' Files (2003), as Tin Hoi in Be Home for Dinner (2011), and as Senior Inspector Jasper Kong in Master of Play (2012).