hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medical school in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, medical school generally refers to a department within a university which is involved in the education of future medical practitioners.  All leading British medical schools are state-funded and their core purpose is to train doctors on behalf of the National Health Service. Courses generally last four to six years: two years of pre-clinical training in an academic environment and two to three years clinical training at a teaching hospital and in community settings. Medical schools and teaching hospitals are closely integrated. The course of study is extended to six years if an intercalated degree is taken in a related subject.

University of Dundee School of Medicine
The University of Dundee School of Medicine is the school concerned with medical education and clinical research at the University of Dundee in Scotland. In 1967, Dundee's medical school became independent in its own right having started in 1889 as a joint venture between the University of St Andrews and University College Dundee. In 1974, the medical school moved to a large teaching facility based at Ninewells Hospital in the west of Dundee. The School of Medicine now encompasses undergraduate, postgraduate, specialist teaching centres and four research divisions.
Sannyrion
Sannyrion (Ancient Greek: Σαννυρίων) was an Athenian comic poet of the late 5th century BC, and a contemporary of Diocles and Philyllius, according to the Suda. He belonged to the later years of Old Comedy and the start of Middle Comedy.

Old Comedy
Old Comedy is the first period of the ancient Greek comedy, according to the canonical division by the Alexandrian grammarians. The most important Old Comic playwright is Aristophanes – whose works, with their daring political commentary and abundance of sexual innuendo, de facto define the genre. The only extant plays of Old Comedy are credited to Aristophanes. There are only fragments and 'testimonia' of all other Old Comedy playwrights and plays.
Khmer traditional clothing
Khmer traditional clothing refers to the traditional styles of dress worn by the Khmer people throughout history. Tracing their origins back to the early Common Era, the customary styles of dress worn by Khmer people predate the indianization of Southeast Asia. The evolution of these clothing customs can be traced through archaeological artifacts from the 6th century to the post-Angkorian period, evolving from the simple pre-Angkorian sampot to vibrant and intricately embroidered silk garments.

Zhou Daguan
Zhou Daguan (Wade–Giles: Chou Ta-kuan; French: Tcheou Ta-Kouan; c. 1270–?) was a Chinese diplomat of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, serving under Temür Khan (Emperor Chengzong of Yuan). He is most well known for his accounts of the customs of Cambodia and the Angkor temple complexes during his visit there. He arrived at Angkor in August 1296, and remained at the court of King Indravarman III until July 1297. He was neither the first nor the last Chinese representative to visit the Khmer Empire. However, his stay is notable because he later wrote a detailed report on life in Angkor, The Customs of Cambodia (Chinese: 真臘風土記; pinyin: Zhenlafengtu Ji) . His portrayal is today one of the most important sources of understanding of historical Angkor and the Khmer Empire. Alongside descriptions of several great Buddhist temples, such as the Bayon, the Baphuon, Angkor Wat, and others, the text also offers valuable information on the everyday life and the habits of the inhabitants of Angkor.
Suru Valley
The Suru Valley is a valley in the Kargil District in the Union Territory of Ladakh, India. It is drained by the Suru River, a  tributary of the Indus River. The valley's most significant town is Sankoo.

Horses, yaks and other animals can be found in the valley. In winter Suru Valley experiences heavy snowfall and avalanches. The literacy rate of Suru Valley is very low as compared to other parts of Ladakh.

Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh
The Namgyal dynasty was a dynasty whose rulers were the monarchs of the former kingdom of Ladakh that lasted from 1460 to 1842 and were titled the Gyalpo of Ladakh. The Namgyal dynasty succeeded the first dynasty of Maryul and had several conflicts with the neighboring Mughal Empire and various dynasties of Tibet, including the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War. The dynasty eventually fell to the Sikh Empire and Dogras of Jammu. Most of its known history is written in the Ladakh Chronicles.
Medicine Woman (horse)
Medicine Woman #302 (2003-2021) was an American rodeo bucking horse that was specialized in saddle bronc riding. She competed in the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) and was a four-time PRCA Saddle Bronc Horse of the Year. She won the award in 2011, 2014, 2015, and 2016. She also was the Saddle Bronc Horse of the National Finals Rodeo (NFR) in 2010 and 2015. In 2022, she was posthumously inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame.

Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association
The Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) is the largest rodeo organization in the world. It sanctions events in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, with members from said countries, as well as others. Its championship event is the National Finals Rodeo (NFR). The PRCA is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States.
Must weight
Must weight is a measure of the amount of sugar in grape juice (must) and, hence, indicates the amount of alcohol that could be produced if it is all fermented to alcohol, rather than left as residual sugar.

Must
Must is freshly crushed fruit juice (usually grape juice) that contains the skins, seeds, and stems of the fruit. The solid portion of the must is called pomace and typically makes up 7–23% of the total weight of the must. Making must is the first step in winemaking. Because of its high glucose content, typically between 10 and 15%, must is also used as a sweetener in a variety of cuisines. Unlike commercially sold grape juice, which is filtered and pasteurized, must is thick with particulate matter, opaque, and comes in various shades of brown and purple. The name comes from the Latin vinum mustum; lit. 'young wine'.
Geary Subway
The Geary Subway is a proposed rail tunnel underneath Geary Boulevard in San Francisco, California. Several plans have been put forward since the 1930s to add a grade-separated route along the corridor for transit. San Francisco Municipal Railway bus routes on the street served 52,900 daily riders in 2019, the most of any corridor in the city.

Market Street subway
The Market Street subway is a two-level rail subway that carries Muni Metro and BART trains under Market Street in San Francisco, California. It runs under the length of Market Street between Embarcadero station and Castro station. The upper level is used by Muni Metro lines and the lower level is used by BART lines. BART does not run through the whole subway; it turns south and runs under Mission Street southwest of Civic Center/UN Plaza station. The northeastern end of the BART level is connected to the Transbay Tube. On the Muni Metro level, the southwestern end of the Market Street subway connects to the much-older Twin Peaks Tunnel, and the northeastern end connects to surface tracks along the Embarcadero.
Dale, Fjaler
Dale or Dale i Sunnfjord is the administrative centre of Fjaler Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located at the mouth of the river Vassdalselva on the southern shore of the Dalsfjorden in the northern part of Fjaler, about 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) northeast of the village of Flekke and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the village of Bygstad (in neighboring Sunnfjord Municipality).

The 1.19-square-kilometre (290-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,284 and a population density of 1,079 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,790/sq mi).

In December 2013, the new Dalsfjord Bridge, connecting Dale with Askvoll Municipality on the northern side of the fjord was opened and replaced the ferry route between Dale and Eikenes.

Also located in Dale is the Nordic Artists' Centre Dale, an artist-in-residence centre hosting international visual artists over periods of 2 or 3 months.

Bygstad
Bygstad is a village in Sunnfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the Dalsfjorden, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of the innermost part of the fjord. The village of Sande lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southeast of Bygstad and Førde Airport, Bringeland sits about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of the village.
Kd azil bhira dakia
In Mandaeism, kḏ azil bhira dakia (Classical Mandaic: ࡗ ࡀࡆࡉࡋ ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀ ࡃࡀࡊࡉࡀ, lit. 'when the chosen, pure one went') is a group of 25 Mandaean prayers in the Qulasta. The prayers are commonly recited during Mandaean priest initiation ceremonies, wedding ceremonies, and other religious functions. Three prayers in Book 15 of the Right Ginza also begin with kḏ azil bhira dakia as their opening line.

Brakha
Daily prayer in Mandaeism, called brakha ࡁࡓࡀࡊࡀ in Mandaic (cognate with Hebrew berakhah and Arabic barakah) or occasionally birukta (birukhta), consists of set prayers that are recited three times per day. Mandaeans stand facing north while reciting daily prayers. Unlike in Islam and Eastern Christianity, prostration is not practiced.

Mandaean priests recite rahma prayers three times every day, while laypeople also recite the Rushuma (signing prayer) and Asut Malkia ("Healing of Kings") daily. When priests lead laypeople during prayers, laypeople repeat each word or phrase of a prayer after the priest, similar to certain parts of Roman Catholic masses.

In Mandaic, the generic term for an individual prayer is buta ࡁࡅࡕࡀ (plural form: bawata ࡁࡀࡅࡀࡕࡀ).
Political Reform Law
The Political Reform Law (Law 1/1977, of 4 January) was the Spanish law that re-established democracy and allowed the elimination of the governmental structures of the dictatorship of Francisco Franco through a legal process. It is one of the key events in the Spanish Transition.

The Act was passed on 18 November 1976, by the Cortes Españolas and then overwhelmingly approved by referendum one month later. It was the last of the Fundamental Laws of the dictatorship.

Six months later, Spain celebrated its first democratic elections since 1936. After a further six months, a new Spanish Constitution was given royal assent. Two days later, the Political Reform Law was repealed when the Constitution came into force.

Popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty is the principle that the leaders of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the source of all political legitimacy. Popular sovereignty, being a principle, does not imply any particular political implementation. Benjamin Franklin expressed the concept when he wrote that "In free governments, the rulers are the servants and the people their superiors and sovereigns".
Adparticle
An adparticle is an atom, molecule, or cluster of atoms or molecules that lies on a crystal surface.  The term is used in surface chemistry.  The word is a contraction of "adsorbed particle".  An adparticle that is a single atom may be referred to as an "adatom".

Surface science
Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are classed as surface engineering. The science encompasses concepts such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor device fabrication, fuel cells, self-assembled monolayers, and adhesives. Surface science is closely related to interface and colloid science. Interfacial chemistry and physics are common subjects for both. The methods are different. In addition, interface and colloid science studies macroscopic phenomena that occur in heterogeneous systems due to peculiarities of interfaces.
Kurmahat railway station
Kurmahat railway station is a railway station on the Dumka–Bhagalpur line of Sahibganj loop under Malda railway division of the Eastern Railway Zone. The station is situated beside Dumka–Hansdiha Road, Kunji at Kurmahat in Dumka district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Malda railway division
Malda railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1975 and its headquarters is located at Malda in West Bengal, India.

Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Howrah railway division are the other railway divisions under the ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.
Xiaodong Zhang (computer scientist)
Xiaodong Zhang is a computer scientist and academic. He is a University Distinguished Scholar and Robert M. Critchfield Professor in Engineering at The Ohio State University. His research focuses on data management in computer memory, storage, and distributed systems. Zhang is also a founding member of the Asian American Scholar Forum (AASF) and a member of its board of directors.

Apache Impala
Apache Impala is an open source massively parallel processing (MPP) SQL query engine for data stored in a computer cluster running Apache Hadoop. Impala has been described as the open-source equivalent of Google F1, which inspired its development in 2012.
Sky Cops
Sky Cops is a British documentary series broadcast on BBC One revealing the work of the air police in the UK. The show, which was first broadcast from 2006 to 2008, follows police helicopters from the South Yorkshire Air Operations Unit and the Metropolitan Police Air Support Unit.

Police aviation in the United Kingdom
Police aviation in United Kingdom provides British police forces with an aerial support unit to assist them in pursuit, surveillance and tracking. All police aviation in England and Wales comes under the National Police Air Service (NPAS), while Police Scotland and the Police Service of Northern Ireland operate independent units.

In addition to its fleet of helicopters, NPAS has introduced four Vulcanair P68R, which are fixed-wing aircraft able to provide longer flying time and lower running costs.

Police aviation in England and Wales was once a force-by-force, or forces working in partnership, organisation, however from 2012 to 2015 it transitioned to NPAS.
Chionomus puellus
Chionomus puellus is a species of delphacid planthopper in the family Delphacidae. It is found in the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America.

This species was formerly a member of the genus Delphacodes. As a result of genomic research published in 2020, it was transferred to the genus Chionomus along with several other species.

Chionomus
Chionomus is a genus of delphacid planthoppers in the family Delphacidae. There are about 14 described species in Chionomus. They are found in North, Central, and South America, including  the Caribbean.
Simona Škrabec
Simona Škrabec (Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1968) is a Slovene literary critic, essayist and translator who lives and works in Barcelona. She spent her childhood in the small town of Ribnica in the region of Lower Carniola. She has lived in Barcelona since 1992. Skrabec has translated several books from Slovenian to Catalan and from Catalan to Slovenian. In addition to these two languages, she is fluent in Spanish, Serbo-Croatian, German, English and French.

Svetlana Makarovič
Svetlana Makarovič (born 1 January 1939) is a Slovenian writer of prose, poetry, children's books, and picture books, and is also an actress, illustrator and chanteuse. She has been called "The First Lady of Slovenian poetry." She is also noted for borrowing from Slovenian folklore to tell stories of rebellious and independent women. She is a well-known adult and youth author. Her works for youth have become a part of modern classic and youth canon, which both hold a special place in history of the Slovenian youth literature. She won the Levstik Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2011.
Public Demands Implementation Convention
The Public Demands Implementation Convention (PDIC)[b] was a regional political party in Meghalaya, India founded in 1977 and primarily focussed on the interests of farmers, especially those growing potatoes in the Khyrim area of the Khasi Hills.: 45   The party was a split from the All Party Hill Leaders Conference.

In 1997 the PDIC joined with the Hill People's Union, the All Party Hill Leaders Conference (Armison Marak) and Meghalaya Progressive Peoples Party to form the United Democratic Party.

All Party Hill Leaders Conference
The All Party Hill Leaders Conference (APHLC) is a political party of the Indian states of Meghalaya and Assam. The founder president of the party was  Williamson A. Sangma.

The party had made major gains in the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from 1970 to 1982. They were in power almost 10 years and the party has given four chief minister to Meghalaya state.
APHLC fought elections and secured 11 out of 15 seats in Assam Legislative Assembly reserved for autonomous hill districts.

The present President is James Hanse. In 2023, APHLC joined United Opposition Forum in Assam and subsequently Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance.
A Love That Will Never Grow Old
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old" is a song from the film Brokeback Mountain. Its music was composed by Argentine composer Gustavo Santaolalla, with lyrics by Bernie Taupin, and performed by singer Emmylou Harris. It won the 2006 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, the Satellite Award and the Internet Movie Award for Best Original Song. The song was nominated at the World Soundtrack Awards for Best Original Song Written Directly for a Film but was controversially deemed ineligible for Academy Award consideration owing to its insufficient air time in the movie. It is available on the film soundtrack.

Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
The Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song is a Golden Globe Award that was awarded for the first time in 1962 and has been awarded annually from 1965 to 2023 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. The award is presented to the songwriters of a song written specifically for a motion picture. The performers of the song are not credited, unless they also have a writing or co-writing credit.
Gina Rodriguez (pornographic actress)
Gina Rodriguez (born November 15, 1967) is an American former pornographic actress known for her work with "D-Listers" such as Nadya Suleman and Michael Lohan. In 2017 she starred in and executive produced the WEtv docu-series Mama June: From Not to Hot.

From 2011 to 2017, Rodriguez managed Stormy Daniels, and cooperated with FBI and was heavily involved in the deal with Keith Davidson regarding President Donald Trump. In 2018, she was a subject of the book, Full Disclosure, written by Stormy Daniels and published by St. Martin's Publishing Group. In 2020, she was a subject of the book, The Fixers: The Bottom-Feeders, Crooked Lawyers, Gossipmongers, and Porn Stars Who Created the 45th President, written by reporters Joe Palazzolo and Michael Rothfeld and published by Random House.

Stormy Daniels
Stephanie A. Gregory Clifford (born Stephanie A. Gregory; March 17, 1979), known professionally as Stormy Daniels, is an American pornographic film actress, director and former stripper. She has won many industry awards and is a member of the NightMoves Hall of Fame, AVN Hall of Fame, XRCO Hall of Fame, and Vanity Fair Hall of Fame. In 2009, a recruitment effort led her to consider challenging incumbent David Vitter in the 2010 Senate election in her native Louisiana.

Daniels became involved in a legal dispute with U.S. president Donald Trump in 2018. Trump's attorney Michael Cohen paid $130,000 in hush money to silence her about an affair she says she had with Trump in 2006. Trump denied the affair and accused her of lying. He was charged with 34 felony counts of falsifying business records to conceal payments made to Daniels, and was convicted on May 30, 2024.
Football Association of Donetsk Oblast
Football Association of Donetsk Oblast (FAD) is a football governing body in the region of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. The association is a  collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football.

The Donetsk Oblast was formed on 2 July 1932 by combining territories of okruhas of the Ukrainian SSR of Starobilsk, Luhansk, Artemivsk, Stalino and Mariupol, and until 3 June 1938 covering territory of today's Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts.

FC Kramatorsk
Football Club Kramatorsk (Ukrainian: Футбольний клуб Краматорськ; Russian: Футбольный клуб Краматорск) is a professional Ukrainian football club from the city of Kramatorsk in Donetsk Oblast.

The club takes its history from a factory team of the Old Kramatorsk Machine-building Plant (SKMZ).
James Hegney
James Hegney (27 September 1891 – 5 May 1970) was an Australian politician who was a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1930 to 1947 and again from 1950 to 1968. He served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly from 1956 to 1959.

Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer in the Legislative Assembly. The office has existed since the creation of the Legislative Assembly in 1890 under the Constitution Act 1889. The 32nd and current Speaker is Labor MLA Stephen Price, who has held the role since the 2025 state election.
Hamyan
Hamyan (Arabic: حميان, romanized: Ḥamyān) is a large Bedouin Arab tribe in western Algeria to the southwest of Oran and north of the Atlas Mountains. They are divided into two main groups, Hamyan Sheraga (easterners) in the east and Hamyan Gheraba (westerners) in the west, and these are further divided into several factions. In the 19th century, they had a force of 2,000 cavalry, and herds of 200 camels and 8,000 sheep, not including oxen, horses and donkeys. They follow a nomadic lifestyle, and they emigrated every year to the Tell to trade. They constantly fought with the neighboring Arab tribe of Chaamba in Metlili. The region of Ain Sefra was under the political suzerainty of Hamyan Gheraba. They never submitted to French colonization. They come from the Banu Hilal.

Chaamba
The Chaamba (Arabic: الشعانبة, romanized: Sha‘āniba) are an Arab tribe in the northern Sahara of central Algeria. They are a large tribe of Bedouins and live in a large desert territory to the south of the Atlas Mountains, around Metlili, El Golea, Ouargla, El Oued, and the Great Western Erg, including Timimoun and Béni Abbès While traditionally they were nomads specialised in raising camels and caravan trade, most have settled in the oases over the past century. The date palm is the most important agricultural product for the Chaamba.
Prime (order theory)
In mathematics, an element p of a partial order (P, ≤) is a meet prime element when p is the principal element of a principal prime ideal. Equivalently, if P is a lattice, p ≠ top,  and for all a, b in P,

a∧b ≤ p implies a ≤ p or b ≤ p.

Partially ordered set
In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other. The word partial is used to indicate that not every pair of elements needs to be comparable; that is, there may be pairs for which neither element precedes the other. Partial orders thus generalize total orders, in which every pair is comparable.

Formally, a partial order is a homogeneous binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. A partially ordered set (poset for short) is an ordered pair  consisting of a set  (called the ground set of ) and a partial order  on . When the meaning is clear from context and there is no ambiguity about the partial order, the set  itself is sometimes called a poset.