hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carol Black (rheumatologist)
Dame Carol Mary Black GBE FRCP (born 26 December 1939) is a British physician, academic, specialising in rheumatology. She was President of the Royal College of Physicians from 2002 to 2006, advised the British Government on the relationship between work and health from 2006 to 2016, and was Principal of Newnham College, Cambridge, from 2012 to 2019. She is an expert on the disease scleroderma.

Work Capability Assessment
The Work Capability Assessment (WCA) is used by the British Government's Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to decide whether and to what extent welfare benefit claimants are capable of doing work or work-related activities. The outcome of the assessment also determines whether claimants are entitled to "new style" Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) and potentially additional elements of Universal Credit (UC).
Operation 1111
Operation 1111 (Burmese: ၁၁၁၁ စစ်ဆင်ရေး) is an ongoing military operation in Myanmar launched by Karenni Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs) including the Karenni Army (KA), Karenni Nationalities Defence Force (KNDF) and Karenni National People's Liberation Front (KNPLF). The operation was launched concurrently with Operation 1107, with the goal to capture Kayah State's capital city of Loikaw.

Around 35,000 people have reportedly been displaced due to the recent fighting in Kayah state. Tatmadaw troops have reacted to the offensive by erecting roadblocks in and around Loikaw. As of 7 January 2024, fighting is ongoing.

Mobye Dam
Mobye Dam (also Moe Bye Dam or Mongpai Dam) is a dam near the village of Mobye in Shan State, Myanmar. The dam is part of the Lawpita hydropower project and is located in the valley of the Pilu River (also called the Baluchaung River), south of Inle lake.
Simona Ventura
Simona Ventura (born 1 April 1965) is an Italian television presenter. The leading TV host of Rai 2, she is the third woman to have presented the Sanremo Music Festival, after Loretta Goggi and Raffaella Carrà and before Antonella Clerici.

Pippo Baudo
Giuseppe Raimondo Vittorio "Pippo" Baudo (7 June 1936 – 16 August 2025) was an Italian television presenter. One of the most notable in his native country, he had a career spanning six decades, which included 13 editions of the Sanremo Music Festival – the highest number for a single presenter.

Baudo was often nicknamed "Superpippo" (referencing the Italian name of Super Goof). Baudo was also the artistic director and president of the Teatro Stabile di Catania from 2000 to 2007.
Legends of Valour
Legends of Valour is a role-playing video game developed by Synthetic Dimensions and released by U.S. Gold and Strategic Simulations in 1992 for the Amiga, Atari ST and MS-DOS, with the additional FM Towns and PC-98 versions in 1993-1994 in Japan only (as Legends of Valour: Gouyuu no Densetsu). As the game was planned to be a first part of the series, its full title is Legends of Valour: Volume I – The Dawning.

Strategic Simulations
Strategic Simulations, Inc. (SSI) was a video game developer and publisher of over 100 games from its founding in 1979 to its dissolution in 1994 (though the brand was in use until around 2002). The company focused on computer wargames then later added role-playing video games. SSI published the Panzer General series and the official video game adaptations of Dungeons & Dragons.
2002 IAAF World Race Walking Cup
The 2002 IAAF World Race Walking Cup was held on 12 and 13 October 2002 in the streets of Turin, Italy.
Detailed reports on the event and an appraisal of the results was given for the IAAF.

Complete results were published.

World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships
The World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships is a racewalking event organised by World Athletics. It has been held since 1961, and generally on a biennial basis. The first women's edition of the event happened in 1979. It was formerly known as the Lugano Cup after the city that hosted the first event, then became the IAAF World Race Walking Cup until 2016 and then IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships until 2018. In 2004, a junior division was added for athletes between 16 and 20. Since 2008 it has been a constituent meeting of the World Athletics Challenge – Race Walking.

From 1975 to 1997 was awarded Lugano Trophy for combined team (20K + 50K). Since 1993 the medals have been awarded for the single events of the 20K and 50K teams, therefore in the 1993, 1995 and 1997 editions three team medals were assigned, from 1999 the combined was abolished and the team medals remained two until the present day.
Sterrhoptilus
Sterrhoptilus is a songbird genus recently separated from Stachyris.  It used to be placed in the family Timaliidae. With other "Old World babblers" of the genus Yuhina, it was recently determined to be better placed in the family Zosteropidae.

The genus contains the following four species:

Rusty-crowned babbler, Sterrhoptilus capitalis

Golden-crowned babbler, Sterrhoptilus dennistouni

Calabarzon babbler, Sterrhoptilus affinis – split from S. nigrocapitatus

Visayan babbler, Sterrhoptilus nigrocapitatus

Yuhina
Yuhina is a genus of birds in the white-eye family Zosteropidae.

The genus Yuhina was introduced in 1836 by the English naturalist Brian Houghton Hodgson with the stripe-throated yuhina as the type species. The genus name is from Nepali language. The genus was formerly placed in the family Timaliidae. It was moved to Zosteropidae based on results of molecular phylogenetic studies.

The genus contains the following seven species:

Black-chinned yuhina (Yuhina nigrimenta)

Taiwan yuhina (Yuhina brunneiceps)

Whiskered yuhina (Yuhina flavicollis)

Burmese yuhina (Yuhina humilis)

White-naped yuhina (Yuhina bakeri)

Stripe-throated yuhina (Yuhina gularis)

Rufous-vented yuhina (Yuhina occipitalis)

The white-bellied erpornis (Erpornis zantholeuca) was formerly assigned to this genus, with the common name "white-bellied yuhina".
Pauling's principle of electroneutrality
Pauling's principle of electroneutrality states that each atom in a stable substance has a charge close to zero. It was formulated by Linus Pauling in 1948 and later revised. The principle has been used to predict which of a set of molecular resonance structures would be the most significant, to explain the stability of inorganic complexes and to explain the existence of π-bonding in compounds and polyatomic anions containing silicon, phosphorus or sulfur bonded to oxygen; it is still invoked in the context of coordination complexes. However, modern computational techniques indicate many stable compounds have a greater charge distribution than the principle predicts (they contain bonds with greater ionic character).

Pi bond
In chemistry, pi bonds (π bonds) are covalent chemical bonds, in which each of two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap with two lobes of an orbital on another atom, and in which this overlap occurs laterally. Each of these atomic orbitals has an electron density of zero at a shared nodal plane that passes through the two bonded nuclei. This plane also is a nodal plane for the molecular orbital of the pi bond. Pi bonds can form in double and triple bonds but do not form in single bonds in most cases.

The Greek letter π in their name refers to p orbitals, since the orbital symmetry of the pi bond is the same as that of the p orbital when seen down the bond axis. One common form of this sort of bonding involves p orbitals themselves, though d orbitals also engage in pi bonding. This latter mode forms part of the basis for metal-metal multiple bonding.
Bazooka Bill
Bazooka Bill is a side-scrolling video game created by Melbourne House in 1985 for the Commodore 64. It was also ported to the ZX Spectrum. It is a clone of the video game Green Beret. The game starts off with a soldier known as Bazooka Bill on a mission to rescue General Douglas MacArthur.

Side-scrolling video game
A side-scrolling video game (alternatively side-scroller) is a video game viewed from a side-view camera angle where the screen follows the player as they move left or right. The jump from single-screen or flip-screen graphics to scrolling graphics during the golden age of arcade games was a pivotal leap in game design, comparable to the move to 3D graphics during the fifth generation.

Hardware support of smooth scrolling backgrounds is built into many arcade video games, some game consoles, and home computers. Examples include 8-bit systems like the Atari 8-bit computers and Nintendo Entertainment System, and 16-bit consoles, such as the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Genesis. These 16-bit consoles added multiple layers, which can be scrolled independently for a parallax scrolling effect.
Tideway
The Tideway is the part of the River Thames in England which is subject to tides. This stretch of water is downstream from Teddington Lock. The Tideway comprises the upper Thames Estuary including the Pool of London.

Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges
51°30′22″N 0°07′12″W﻿ / ﻿51.50611°N 0.12000°W﻿ / 51.50611; -0.12000

The Hungerford Bridge crosses the River Thames in London, and lies between Waterloo Bridge and Westminster Bridge. Owned by Network Rail Infrastructure Ltd (who use its official name of Charing Cross Bridge) it is a steel truss railway bridge flanked by two more recent, cable-stayed, pedestrian bridges that share the railway bridge's foundation piers, and which are named the Golden Jubilee Bridges.

The north end of the bridge is Charing Cross railway station, and is near Embankment Pier and the Victoria Embankment. The south end is near Waterloo station, County Hall, the Royal Festival Hall, and the London Eye. Each pedestrian bridge has steps and lift access.
Seminormal subgroup
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a subgroup  of a group  is termed seminormal if there is a subgroup  such that , and for any proper subgroup  of ,  is a proper subgroup of .

This definition of seminormal subgroups is due to Xiang Ying Su.

Every normal subgroup is seminormal. For finite groups, every quasinormal subgroup is seminormal.

Normal subgroup
In abstract algebra, a normal subgroup (also known as an invariant subgroup or self-conjugate subgroup) is a subgroup that is invariant under conjugation by members of the group of which it is a part. In other words, a subgroup  of the group  is normal in  if and only if  for all  and  The usual notation for this relation is

Normal subgroups are important because they (and only they) can be used to construct quotient groups of the given group.  Furthermore, the normal subgroups of  are precisely the kernels of group homomorphisms with domain  which means that they can be used to internally classify those homomorphisms.

Évariste Galois was the first to realize the importance of the existence of normal subgroups.
Bellamy Mansion
The Bellamy Mansion, built between 1859 and 1861,  is a mixture of Neoclassical architectural styles, including Greek Revival and Italianate, and is located at 503 Market Street in the heart of  downtown Wilmington, North Carolina. It is one of North Carolina’s finest examples of historic antebellum architecture.  It is a contributing building in the Wilmington Historic District.

Fort Fisher
Fort Fisher was a Confederate fort during the American Civil War. It protected the vital trading routes of the port at Wilmington, North Carolina, from 1861 until its capture by the Union in 1865. The fort was located on one of Cape Fear River's two outlets to the Atlantic Ocean on what was then known as Federal Point or Confederate Point and today is known as Pleasure Island. The strength of Fort Fisher led to its being called the Southern Gibraltar and the "Malakoff Tower of the South". The battle of Fort Fisher was the most decisive battle of the Civil War fought in North Carolina.
George Stansbury
George Frederick Stansbury (7 June 1800 – 3 June 1845) was a British composer, musical director and arranger and an operatic singer. Although contemporary reviewers described his voice as of "poor quality", he was nevertheless an excellent musician and a ready composer.

Lucia Elizabeth Vestris
Lucia Elizabeth Vestris (née Elizabetta Lucia Bartolozzi; 3 March 1797 – 8 August 1856) was a British actress and a contralto opera singer, appearing in works by Mozart and Rossini, among others. While popular in her time, she was more notable as a theatre producer and manager. After accumulating a fortune from her performances, she leased the Olympic Theatre in London and produced a series of burlesques and extravaganzas, especially popular works by James Planché, for which the house became famous. She also produced his work at other theatres she managed.
Alliance Française de Lima
The Alliance Française de Lima is a non-profit, non governmental cultural and educational association in Peru. Its mission is to promote the French language and Francophone cultures in the country, as well as intercultural exchanges, within the context of the international network of the Alliance Française.

French Peruvians
French Peruvians (French: français-péruvien; Spanish: franco-peruano) are Peruvian citizens of French ancestry, or those who immigrated to Peru from France. The French were the fourth largest group of immigrants to settle in the country after the Spanish and Italians.
Rio Negro Left Bank Environmental Protection Area
The Rio Negro Left Bank Environmental Protection Area (Portuguese: Área de Proteção Ambiental Margem Esquerda do Rio Negro) is an environmental protection area in the state of  Amazonas, Brazil.
It protects an area of Amazon rainforest on the left bank of the Rio Negro near Manaus.
There is a small human population, and sustainable use of forest resources is allowed.
The southern section, near to Manaus, is subject to pressure from poor residents of an official settlement project who clear forest to make charcoal for sale in the city.

Environmental protection area (Brazil)
An environmental protection area (Portuguese: Área de proteção ambiental: APA) is a type of protected area in Brazil that has some degree of human occupation, but where the primary intent is environmental protection. Human occupation is monitored and controlled. An environmental protection area often contains other types of conservation units, which may be more strictly protected.
K7023/7024 Harbin–Suifenhe through train
The K7023/7024 Harbin–Suifenhe through train (Chinese: K7023/7024次哈尔滨到绥芬河快速列车) is a Chinese railway running between Harbin to Suifenhe express passenger trains by the Harbin Railway Bureau, Harbin passenger segment responsible for passenger transport task, Habin originating on the Suifenhe train. 25G Type Passenger trains running along the Binsui Railway across Heilongjiang provinces, the entire 557 km. Harbin East Railway Station to Suifenhe Railway Station running 10 hours and 5 minutes, use trips for K7023; Suifenhe Railway Station to Harbin Railway Station to run 9 hours and 24 minutes, use trips for K7024.

China Railway Harbin Group
China Railway Harbin Group, officially abbreviated as CR Harbin or CR-Harbin, formerly, Harbin Railway Administration is a subsidiary company under the jurisdiction of the corporatized China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). The railway administration was reorganized as a company in November 2017.

It supervises the railway network within Heilongjiang, and eastern Inner Mongolia.
Peter Tesei
Peter James Tesei (/təsə/; Tes-EE born March 5, 1969) is an American businessman and politician. He served six terms as First Selectman of Greenwich, Connecticut for the Republican Party. He was succeeded by Fred Camillo in 2019. Tesei was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut in 2018.

Fred Camillo
Alfred Francis Camillo, Jr. known as Fred Camillo (born June 3, 1962) is an American politician who has served as the First Selectman of Greenwich, Connecticut, since 2019. He previously served in the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 151st district from 2009 to 2019.
David Cannadine
Sir David Nicholas Cannadine (born 7 September 1950) is a British author and historian who specialises in modern history, Britain and the history of business and philanthropy. He is currently the Dodge Professor of History at Princeton University, a visiting professor of history at Oxford University, and the editor of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. He was president of the British Academy between 2017 and 2021, the UK's national academy for the humanities and social sciences. He also serves as the chairman of the trustees of the National Portrait Gallery in London and vice-chair of the editorial board of Past & Present.

Christ's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college includes the master, the fellows of the college, and about 450 undergraduate and 250 graduate students. The college was founded by William Byngham in 1437 as God's House. In 1505, the college was granted a new royal charter, was given a substantial endowment by Lady Margaret Beaufort, and changed its name to Christ's College, becoming the twelfth of the Cambridge colleges to be founded in its modern form.

Alumni of the college include the poet John Milton, the naturalist Charles Darwin, as well as the Nobel Laureates Martin Evans, James Meade, Alexander Todd, Duncan Haldane, and John Clarke. The Master is Lord McDonald of Salford.
Havanirooz 1st Combat Base
Havanirooz 1st Combat Base (Persian: پایگاه یکم رزمی هوانیروز کرمانشاه – Pādegān-e Havānīrūz) is a military installation in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,069, in 539 families.

Dorudfaraman Rural District
Dorudfaraman Rural District (Persian: دهستان دورودفرامان) is in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Rahimabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Faraman.
Thomas Burton (merchant)
Thomas Burton (died 1495 or 1496) was an English wool merchant who worked for the Company of the Staple at Calais.  He left money in his will that was used to found the Loughborough Endowed Schools now known as Loughborough Schools Foundation, as Loughborough Grammar School, Loughborough High School, and Fairfield Preparatory School in Leicestershire, England.

The Burton Chapel is located in All Saints Church, Loughborough, where Loughborough Grammar School often holds services.

Merchants of the Staple
The Company of Merchants of the Staple of England, the Merchants of the Staple, also known as the Merchant Staplers, is an English company incorporated by Royal Charter in 1319 (and so the oldest mercantile corporation in England) dealing in wool, skins, lead and tin which controlled the export of wool to the continent during the late medieval period. The company of the staple may perhaps trace its ancestry back to Merchant Guilds as far as 1248 or even further.
Louis D. Oaks
Louis D. Oaks (c. 1883 – August 2, 1938) was an American police officer. He served as the Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department from April 22, 1922 to August 1, 1923. He succeeded James W. Everington and was succeeded by ex-Berkeley, California Police Chief August Vollmer, a prominent criminologist.

During his short term as chief, Oaks frequently clashed with Los Angeles City Council member Ralph Luther Criswell. In 1922, Criswell claimed that "members of the police department have been levying thousands of dollars in protection money." Subsequently, for several weeks, he blocked Oaks' request for 1,500 badges for his police officers and 50 Dodge automobiles for the L.A.P.D.

August Vollmer
August Vollmer (March 7, 1876 – November 4, 1955) was the first police chief of Berkeley, California, and a leading figure in the development of the field of criminal justice in the United States in the early 20th century. He has been described as "the father of modern policing". Vollmer played an influential role in introducing early 20th-century police reforms, which increasingly militarized police departments in the United States. A veteran of the Spanish–American War in the Philippines and the Philippine–American War, Vollmer introduced reforms that reflected his experiences in the U.S. military.
2004–05 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 2004–05 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 35th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, an inter-county knockout competition for Ireland's top championship clubs representing each county.

The defending champion was Newtownshandrum; however, the club failed to qualify after being beaten by Cloyne in the Cork SHC semi-final.

The All-Ireland finall was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 17 March 2004, between James Stephens of Kilkenny and Athenry of Galway, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. James Stephens won the match by 0–19 to 0–14 to claim a third title overall and a first title in 23 years.

Eoin Larkin was the championship's top scorer with 3–33.

1981–82 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 1981–82 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 12th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship ran from 27 September 1981 to 16 May 1982.

Ballyhale Shamrocks of Kilkenny were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten by Fenians in the quarter-finals of the 1981 Kilkenny SHC. Borris–Ileigh of Tipperary, Faythe Harriers of Wexford and Tourlestrane of Sligo made their championship debuts.

The All-Ireland final was played at Semple Stadium in Thurles on 16 May 1982, between James Stephens of Kilkenny and Mount Sion of Waterford, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. James Stephens won the match by 3–13 to 3–08 to become the first team from Kilkenny to win the title twice.

Mount Sion's Jim Greene was the championship's top scorer with 3–30.
Birtle, Greater Manchester
Birtle is an affluent hamlet Historically  in the parish of Bury, Lancashire,  now within the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, England. It lies in the Cheesden Valley, set amongst the Pennines.

Historically a part of Lancashire, Birtle is archaically referred to as Bircle or Birkle, which means Birch Hill. Together with neighbouring Bamford, it formed the civil parish of Birtle-with-Bamford (also known as Birtle-cum-Bamford). It was in Middleton ecclesiastical parish and in Bury poor law Union. In 1933, Birtle-with-Bamford was dissolved with Birtle being amalgamated into the Municipal Borough of Heywood.

The local church is Bircle Church, St. John the Baptist, Castle Hill Road, Bircle, Bury. In addition to the graveyard and garden of remembrance, the Church land includes an area now known as 'Bircle Church Wood', which was gifted by the Reverend Trend Smith.

Cheesden Valley
The Cheesden Valley is a valley on the border between the Borough of Rossendale in Lancashire and the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, England. It runs on a north–south alignment between Bury and Rochdale. Cheesden Brook runs through the valley, joining with Naden Brook to eventually run into the River Roch near Heywood.  During the industrial age the valley became a centre of cotton production dependent on running water. The valley is now a conservation area.