hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VBS Mutual Bank
VBS Mutual Bank was a South African mutual bank. In 2018 it was declared insolvent and bankrupt and placed under curatorship, with South African citizens and taxpayers defrauded out of roughly R2 billion.

It was formed as Venda Building Society in 1982, and became a mutual bank in 1992. By 2016 the bank reportedly had around 30,000 depositors with all deposits in the bank totalling R800 million. In 2017 the bank planned to list on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange; however, this never materialized. Most of its branches and clients were located in Limpopo province.

JSE Limited
The JSE Limited (previously the JSE Securities Exchange and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and commonly referred to as the JSE) is a stock exchange in South Africa, and the largest in Africa by market capitalization. It has been located in Sandton, Gauteng, since it moved from Johannesburg CBD in 2000.

As of January 2026, the JSE had a market capitalization of R24.22 trillion (roughly €1.27 trillion / £1.1 trillion / $1.48 trillion), and a total of 431 listed companies. In the same month, the FTSE/JSE All-Share Index (ALSI) hit 100,000 points - the highest since its foundation.

The JSE accounts for around 60% of Africa's total equity market value, with large, liquid, globally-integrated companies across numerous economic sectors. In terms of market cap, it is larger than the next nine ranking African stock exchanges combined.
Castle of Vila Nova de Foz Côa
The Castle of Vila Nova de Foz Côa (Portuguese: Castelo de Vila Nova de Foz Côa) is a medieval castle located in the civil parish of Vila Nova de Foz Côa, in the municipality of Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portuguese Guarda.

Vila Nova de Foz Côa
Vila Nova de Foz Côa (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ ˈfɔʃ ˈkoɐ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality at the confluence of the rivers Douro and Côa in the district of Guarda, Portugal. The municipality covers an area of 398.15 square kilometres (153.73 sq mi) and it hosted a population of 6,304 people in 2021, while around 3,300 people lived in the city.

The municipality includes part of the Côa Valley Archaeological site, declared by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site and is a part of the Douro wine region.
Differentiator
In electronics, a differentiator is a circuit that outputs a signal approximately proportional to the rate of change (i.e. the derivative with respect to time) of its input signal. Because the derivative of a sinusoid is another sinusoid whose amplitude is multiplied by its frequency, a true differentiator that works across all frequencies can't be realized (as its gain would have to increase indefinitely as frequency increase). Real circuits such as a 1st-order high-pass filter are able to approximate differentiation at lower frequencies by limiting the gain above its cutoff frequency. An active differentiator includes an amplifier, while a passive differentiator is made only of resistors, capacitors and inductors.

Bode plot
In electrical engineering and control theory, a Bode plot is a graph of the frequency response of a system.  It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase shift.

As originally conceived by Hendrik Wade Bode in the 1930s, the plot is an asymptotic approximation of the frequency response, using straight line segments.
Resolution for Victory Order
Resolution for Victory Order (Vietnamese: Huân chương Chiến thắng) is a Vietnamese military order.  It was established in 1965 and ranked above the Resolution for Victory Decoration and below the Liberation Order.

It was given to generals Đoàn Khuê, Võ Nguyên Giáp, Trần Văn Trà among others during the Vietnam War to show resolve for victory by any means necessary. It is similar to other medals and badges awarded by North Vietnam during the era such as the Defeat American Aggression Badge.

Defeat American Aggression Badge
Defeat American Aggression Badge is a military badge given during the Vietnam War by North Vietnam. established in 1965 and given during the Vietnam War by North Vietnam. The badge was awarded to units and individuals who performed outstanding services against American forces. This included any individual, who took part in combat after August 2, 1964
Lobophyllia hemprichii
Lobophyllia hemprichii, commonly called lobed brain coral, lobed cactus coral or largebrain root coral, is a species of large polyp stony coral in the family Lobophylliidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. In its specific name Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg honoured his late partner the Prussian naturalist Wilhelm Hemprich; they were among the first to study the marine life of the Red Sea.

Lobophylliidae
Lobophylliidae is a family of large polyp stony corals. The family was created in 2009 after a revision of the "robust" families of Faviidae, Merulinidae, Mussidae and Pectiniidae, which had been shown to be polyphyletic. The family Lobophylliidae was formed out of the Indo-Pacific species that had traditionally been included in Mussidae, and some of the species which had previously formed Pectiniidae, the remaining species from Pectiniidae having been merged into Merulinidae. The type genus is Lobophyllia.
American Modern Recordings
American Modern Recordings (AMR) is an American classical music record label focusing on contemporary classical music, and in particular, music by living American composers. It was established by Robert Paterson in 2006, and is a subsidiary of Lumiere Records. It is based in New York, New York and is distributed through Naxos of America, a division of Naxos Records.

Naxos (company)
Naxos comprises numerous companies, divisions, imprints, and labels specializing in classical music but also audiobooks and other genres. The premier label is Naxos Records, which focuses on classical music. Naxos Musical Group encompasses about 17 labels including Naxos Records, Naxos Audiobooks, and Naxos Books (ebooks). They distribute a number of additional labels that are independent of the Naxos Musical Group with a wide range of offerings.

The company was founded in 1987 by Klaus Heymann, a German-born resident of Hong Kong. In September 2025, Kuke Music Holding Ltd (NYSE: KUKE), a leading classical music services platform in China, acquired a controlling interest in Naxos Music Group for US$106 million.
1UP (T-Pain album)
1UP is the sixth studio album by American singer T-Pain, released on February 27, 2019. It is the follow-up to his 2017 album Oblivion. 1UP was preceded by the release of the singles "Getcha Roll On", "All I Want" and "A Million Times", and features appearances from Lil Wayne, Boosie Badazz, O.T. Genasis, Russ, Profit Dinero, Tory Lanez and Flipp Dinero.

Oblivion (T-Pain album)
Oblivion (stylized as OBLiViON) is the fifth studio album by American singer T-Pain, released through Konvict Muzik, RCA Records and his own label Nappy Boy Entertainment on November 17, 2017. It is his second album released after the closure of Jive Records and his final album under Akon's Konvict Muzik label. Recording sessions for the album took place from 2014 to 2017.
Barwaaqo University
Barwaaqo University (BU) is a non-profit women's university in Somaliland. It’s a member of the Abaarso Network, along with the Abaarso School of Science and Technology and Kaabe Schools.

The university is Somaliland's first residential women's university. The campus is located near Baliga Cas, around 30 kilometers North of Hargeisa.

Women's college
Women's colleges in higher education are undergraduate, bachelor's degree-granting institutions, often liberal arts colleges, whose student populations are composed exclusively or almost exclusively of women. Some women's colleges admit male students to their graduate schools or in smaller numbers to undergraduate programs, but all serve a primarily female student body.
Foochow Mission Cemetery
Foochow Mission Cemetery (Chinese: 洋墓亭; pinyin: Yángmùtíng; Foochow Romanized: Iòng-muó-dìng) was a Protestant cemetery once located on the north and south side of a hill at the west end of Maiyuan Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, China. Covering an area of about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi), Foochow Mission Cemetery had been the burial ground for the Western Protestant missionaries, medical practitioners and consuls who died in Fuzhou (then known as Foochow) since the founding of the Mission in 1847. Until 1949 there were more than 400 burials, with all tombs 2 by 1 metre (6 ft 7 in by 3 ft 3 in) in size and neatly aligned.  The cemetery was demolished during the Cultural Revolution.

Isaac William Wiley
Isaac William Wiley (simplified Chinese: 怀礼; traditional Chinese: 懷禮; Pinyin: Huáilǐ; Foochow Romanized: Huài-lā̤; 29 March 1825 – 22 November 1884) was an American who distinguished himself as a physician, a Methodist missionary to China, a pastor, as the president of a seminary, as an editor, and as a bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1872.
Pop kreatif
Pop kreatif (English: creative pop) is an Indonesian offshoot and subgenre of Indo pop that emerged in the late 20th century as a fusion of Indonesian music and contemporary global influences such as funk, jazz, disco, new wave and soft rock. Rooted in urban culture, the genre is often characterized by its smooth melodies, upbeat rhythms, and nostalgic themes. Initially, the genre had been associated and reflective to the rapid modernization and economic growth of Indonesia during the 1980s and early 1990s. By the late 2010s, pop kreatif gained popularity among Indonesian youth and has seen a resurgence within the Indonesian music scene.

Tatsuro Yamashita
Tatsurō Yamashita (山下 達郎, Yamashita Tatsurō; born February 4, 1953), occasionally referred to as Tatsu Yamashita or Tats Yamashita, is a Japanese singer-songwriter and record producer, who is known for pioneering the city pop style of music.

His most well-known song is "Christmas Eve", a best-selling song released in Japan in the 1980s. It has appeared on the Japanese charts for over 35 consecutive years.

He is known for his collaborations with his wife Mariya Takeuchi on many songs, including "Plastic Love", and the American songwriter Alan O'Day, with whom he co-wrote the songs "Your Eyes", "Magic Ways", "Love Can Go the Distance", and "Fragile". He is sometimes called the "king" of city pop.

Yamashita is considered a major contributor to Japanese music and is ranked by HMV Japan as the sixth among the top 100 Japanese Artists.
Wakayama Castle (Suō)
Wakayama Castle (若山城, Wakayama-jō) is the remains of a castle structure in Shūnan, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a Prefectural Historic Sites. It is located on a 217 meter mountain.

Wakayama castle was built by the Sue clan, one of the most important retainers of the Ōuchi clan and became a home castle of the Sue clan in the Sengoku period. Sue Harukata improved and strengthened the castle before the Tainei-ji incident.

The castle was attacked by the Mōri clan soon after the Battle of Miyajima, Harukata's son Nagafusa was defeated and he committed seppuku. It is believed the castle was demolished by the Mōri clan after the fall of the castle.

Battle of Miyajima
The 1555 Battle of Miyajima (厳島合戦, Itsukushima Kassen) was the only battle to be fought on the sacred island of Miyajima; the entire island is considered to be a Shinto shrine, and no birth or death is allowed on the island. Extensive purification rituals took place after the battle, to cleanse the shrine and the island of the pollution of death.

The Battle of Miyajima was the turning point in a campaign for control of the Ōuchi clan and  of Aki Province, a strategically important province for establishing control of western Honshu.  It was an important step for the Mōri clan in taking the foremost position in western Japan, and cemented the reputation of Mōri Motonari as a cunning strategist.
Joseph Jackson Fuller
The Rev. Joseph Jackson Fuller (29 June 1825 – 11 December 1908), Baptist missionary to the pre-colonial African Chiefdoms of the Cameroons.

He was one of the earliest slaves to be freed in Jamaica (initially under the partial freedoms of the "apprenticeship act") who went on to become well-educated and travel internationally. He headed mission stations, teaching, preaching, brick-making, and translating books such as John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress into Duala. Retiring to England, Fuller ended his days as a public speaker for Baptist and missionary audiences, sometimes before thousands of people.

Douala
Douala is the largest city in Cameroon and its economic capital. It is also the capital of Cameroon's Littoral Region. It was home to Central Africa's largest port, now being replaced by Kribi port. It has the country's major international airport, Douala International Airport (DLA). It is the commercial and economic capital of Cameroon and the entire CEMAC region comprising Gabon, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Cameroon. Consequently, it handles most of the country's major exports, such as oil, cocoa and coffee, timber, metals and fruits. As of 2025, the city and its surrounding area had an estimated population of 4,346,000, while the city proper had an estimated population of 3,816,500. The city sits on the estuary of Wouri River and its climate is tropical.
Amram Aburbeh
Amram Aburbeh (Hebrew: עמרם אבורביע‎; March 16, 1892– December 12, 1966), also spelled Abourabia and Aburabia, was the Chief Rabbi of the Sephardic congregation in Petah Tikva, Israel and author of Netivei Am, a collection of responsa, sermons, and Torah teachings.

Shechita
In Judaism, shechita (anglicized: /ʃəxiːˈtɑː/; Hebrew: שחיטה; [ʃχiˈta]; also transliterated shehitah, shechitah, shehita) is ritual slaughtering of certain mammals and birds for food according to kashrut. One who practices this, a kosher butcher, is called a shochet.
Kip Fulbeck
Lawrence Keith "Kip" Fulbeck is an American artist, spoken word performer, filmmaker and author. Fulbeck's work explores identity politics.

His mixed race ethnic background is English, Welsh, Irish and Cantonese. He is best known for his work addressing Hapa and multiracial identity and as the creator of The Hapa Project.

Fulbeck attended UCLA, Dartmouth College and the University of California, San Diego, where he was a four-year NCAA All-American Swimmer and 1988 Athlete of the Year.  He earned his MFA from UCSD in 1992.

Hapa
Hapa (/ˈhɑːpə/) is a Hawaiian word for someone of multiracial ancestry. In Hawaii, the word refers to any person of mixed ethnic heritage, regardless of the specific mixture. The term is used for any multiracial person of partial East Asian, Southeast Asian, or Pacific Islander mixture in California. In what can be characterized as trans-cultural diffusion or the wave model, this latter usage has also spread to Massachusetts, Ohio, and Oregon. Both uses are concurrent.
2024 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (April–June)
The 2024 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour is the 2024 edition of the second-tier tour for men's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the ATP Challenger Tour. The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $25,000.

Since 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine the ITF announced that players from Belarus and Russia could still play on the tour but would not be allowed to play under the flag of Belarus or Russia.

2024 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The 2024 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Men's World Tennis Tour is an entry level tour for men's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the ATP Challenger Tour. The men's tour includes tournaments with prize money of either $US15,000 or $25,000. The results of ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP ranking, which enables professionals to progress to the ATP Challenger Tour and ATP Tour, and ultimately the Grand Slams. The ITF offers approximately 600 tournaments across 70 countries.

Since 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine the ITF announced that players from Belarus and Russia could still play on the tour but would not be allowed to play under the flag of Belarus or Russia.
2019 in primate paleontology
This article records new taxa of fossil primates of every kind are scheduled to be described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of primates that are scheduled to occur in the year 2019.

Atapuerca Mountains
The Atapuerca Mountains (Spanish: Sierra de Atapuerca) is a karstic hill formation near the village of Atapuerca in the province of Burgos (autonomous community of Castile and Leon), northern Spain.

In a still ongoing excavation campaign, rich fossil deposits and stone tool assemblages have been discovered which are attributed to the earliest known hominin residents in Western Europe. This "exceptional reserve of data" has been deposited during extensive Lower Paleolithic presence, as the Atapuerca Mountains served as the preferred occupation site of Homo erectus, Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis and Homo neanderthalensis communities. The earliest specimen so far unearthed and reliably dated confirm an age between 1.2 million and 630,000 years. Some finds are exhibited in the nearby Museum of Human Evolution, in Burgos.
Live at Carnegie Hall (Renaissance album)
Live at Carnegie Hall is a 1976 live double album by the English progressive rock band Renaissance. It presented songs from all of the band's Annie Haslam-era studio albums thus far, including the forthcoming (at the time of the concerts) Scheherazade and Other Stories.

Scheherazade and Other Stories
Scheherazade and Other Stories is the sixth studio album by the English progressive rock band Renaissance, released in 1975. Some critics consider it their best album, although others prefer earlier albums. This is the first album in which Renaissance (the Jon Camp/Annie Haslam/Terence Sullivan/John Tout version) did not use quotes from actual classical pieces and the first not to feature any songwriting credits from the original members. Contrary to popular belief, "Song of Scheherazade" is not based on Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade, but does have a brief recurring motif that alludes to that work.
Alan Peak
Alan Peak  also known as Alanpiggen, is a peak at the west side of the mouth of Reece Valley, in the south part of the Sverdrup Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Remapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–1952) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59). Named for Alan William Reece, geologist with the NBSAE (1949–52) and earlier with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey.

Reece Valley
Reece Valley (72°41′S 0°22′E﻿ / ﻿72.683°S 0.367°E﻿ / -72.683; 0.367) is an ice-filled valley between Gavlen Ridge and Nupskåpa Peak, in the south part of the Sverdrup Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59). It was named after Alan Reece, geologist with the NBSAE (1949–52) and earlier with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Reece Valley". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Aceria nervisequa
Aceria nervisequa is a species of mite that belongs to the family Eriophyidae. It is found in Europe and was first described by Giovanni Canestrini in 1891. The mite causes galls on the leaves of beech (Fagus species),

Eriophyidae
Eriophyidae is a family of more than 200 genera of mites, which live as plant parasites, commonly causing galls or other damage to the plant tissues and hence known as gall mites. About 3,600 species have been described, but this is probably less than 10% of the actual number existing in this poorly researched family. They are microscopic mites and are yellow to pinkish white to purplish in color. The mites are worm like, and have only two pairs of legs. Their primary method of population spread is by wind. They affect a wide range of plants, and several are major pest species causing substantial economic damage to crops. Some species, however, are used as biological agents to control weeds and invasive plant species.
Burela
Burela is a municipality in the Galician province of Lugo. It is in the comarca of A Mariña Central. Burela is a coastal town on the shores of the Cantabrian Sea. An extension area of 8.2 square kilometers was created in 1994, following the segregation of the municipality of Cervo. Its fishing port is one of the most important of the Galician coast and has a large fleet of ships. Its economy is based mainly on fishing, in particular, albacore ("bonito del norte") and hake are delivered daily to the rest of Spain. As a result, a canning industry has developed.

Due to the high demand for personnel to work at sea, Burela is a multicultural town which has many residents from Cape Verde and has recently had an influx of immigrants from Peru, Indonesia, and other places. The population grew considerably in the latter part of the twentieth century.

Lugo
Lugo (Galician: [ˈluɣo], Spanish: [ˈluɣo] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo. The municipality had a population of 100,060 in 2024, making it the fourth most populous city in Galicia.

Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 49 feet) along a 2,117-metre (6,946 ft) circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous around the circuit and features ten gates. The 3rd century Roman walls, the only one of its kind in the world, are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The city's historic bridge over the Miño is also essentially of Roman date. The city of Lugo is along the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Crowsley Park
51°30′47″N 0°57′08″W﻿ / ﻿51.51306°N 0.95222°W﻿ / 51.51306; -0.95222

Crowsley Park is a 160-acre (65 ha) country estate in South Oxfordshire, central-southern England, owned by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).

South Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire is a local government district in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England. Its council is temporarily based outside the district at Abingdon-on-Thames pending a planned move to Didcot, the district's largest town. The areas located south of the River Thames are within the historic county of Berkshire.
Chislehurst (electoral division)
Chislehurst was an electoral division for the purposes of elections to the Greater London Council. The constituency elected one councillor for a four-year term in 1973, 1977 and 1981, with the final term extended for an extra year ahead of the abolition of the Greater London Council.

Greater London Council
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area. The GLC was dissolved in 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985 and its powers were devolved to the London boroughs and other entities. A new administrative body, known as the Greater London Authority (GLA), was established in 2000.