hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Westpac Lifesaver Rescue Helicopter Service
The Westpac Lifesaver Rescue Helicopter Service is a helicopter surf lifesaving service that operates in Australia.

Founded in 1973 by Surf Life Saving Australia, a not-for-profit organisation, the service has carried out more than 80,000 flights ranging from aeromedical to search and rescue missions. The Westpac Life Saver Rescue Helicopter Service is the largest non-profit search and rescue and aeromedical retrieval service in Australia. Its aircraft and trained medical and operational crews respond quickly and effectively to emergencies threatening the life, health and safety of people caused through medical emergency, illness, natural disaster, accidents or mishap.

The naming rights sponsor of the helicopter services is Westpac, an Australian-based financial institution that also has operations in New Zealand.

Surf lifesaving
Surf lifesaving is a multifaceted social movement that comprises key aspects of voluntary lifeguard services and competitive surf sport. Originating in early 20th century Australia, the movement has expanded globally to other countries, including New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Surf lifesavers in Australia are colloquially known as "Clubbies".
Grigny, Pas-de-Calais
Grigny (French pronunciation: [ɡʁiɲi] ⓘ) is a commune in the department of Pas-de-Calais, in the French region of Hauts-de-France at the edge of the forest of Hesdin, about 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Montreuil-sur-Mer.

Montreuil-sur-Mer
Montreuil-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tʁœj syʁ mɛʁ] ⓘ, lit. 'Montreuil on Sea'; Picard: Montreu-su-Mér or Montreul-su-Mér; Dutch: Monsterole) is a subprefecture in the Pas-de-Calais Department in northern France. Though commonly called by this name since at least the twelfth century, it was legally known as Montreuil until 31 December 2022. It is located on the Canche river, not far from Étaples. The sea, however, is now some distance away. Montreuil-sur-Mer station has rail connections to Arras and Étaples.
Abdullah bin Khalid Al Attiyah
Abdullah bin Khalid Al Attiyah is a Qatari banker and former governor of the Central Bank of Qatar.

He was born in 1953 in Qatar. He has degrees in public policy from Johns Hopkins University and in public administration from Central Michigan University.

Al Attiyah worked as first secretary in the Qatari embassy to the USA from 1978 to 1982. Then he worked in Qatar National Bank since 1982, and was chosen as the chief executive of Qatar National Bank from December 1986 to January 1990. He was appointed governor of the Qatar Monetary Agency in 1990. He retired in May 2006. The position of the governor of the central bank was elevated to a ministerial rank in 1992.

QNB Group
Qatar National Bank (QNB Group) (Arabic: بنك قطر الوطني) is a Qatari multinational commercial bank headquartered in Doha, Qatar. It was founded in 1964 and currently has subsidiaries and associates in 31 countries on three continents. The bank's ownership is evenly divided between the Qatar Investment Authority and members of the public.
1990 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1990 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Hawkeyes played their home games at Kinnick Stadium and were led by legendary coach Hayden Fry.

After starting 7–1 and rising to No. 6 in the polls, Iowa finished the season with an 8–4 record (6–2 Big Ten), winning a four-way tie for the Big Ten Conference championship by defeating the three other teams atop the conference standings – Michigan, Michigan State, and Illinois – in their respective head-to-head matchups. The Hawkeyes earned their third trip to Pasadena in ten years, but fell behind early in the 1991 Rose Bowl and lost 46–34 to the Washington Huskies. It was another 25 years before Iowa made a return trip to the Rose Bowl.

Kinnick Stadium
Kinnick Stadium is a stadium located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States.  It is the home stadium of the University of Iowa Hawkeyes football team. Opened in 1929 as Iowa Stadium to replace Iowa Field, it currently holds up to 69,250 people, making it the 7th largest stadium in the Big Ten, and one of the 20 largest university owned stadiums in the nation. Primarily used for college football, the stadium is named for Nile Kinnick, the Iowa player who won the 1939 Heisman Trophy and died in service during World War II. Kinnick Stadium is the only college football stadium named after a Heisman Trophy winner.
Hemispheres (TV program)
Hemispheres is a news and current affairs program, co-produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Its main focus was foreign events and international issues, using ABC and CBC correspondents from around the world. The program debuted in 2005.

It aired on the Australia Network and CBC Newsworld channels, as well as on ABC2 in Australia, but not on the main free-to-air ABC and CBC channels.

It was presented by CBC News anchor Ian Hanomansing from Vancouver, and ABC News presenter Felicity Davey in Sydney.

CBC News
CBC News is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation responsible for the news gathering and production of news programs on the corporation's English-language operations, including CBC Television, CBC Radio, CBC News Network, and CBC.ca. Founded in 1941 by the public broadcaster, CBC News is the largest news broadcaster in Canada and has local, regional, and national broadcasts and stations. It frequently collaborates with its organizationally separate French-language counterpart, Radio-Canada Info.
Reichsstraße (Austria)
A Reichsstraße (literally "imperial road") was the official designation from 1804 to 1918 of trunk roads in Old Austria maintained by the (from 1867 Cisleithanian) State (k.k. Ministry) – in contrast to the state roads (Landesstraße) maintained by the individual crown lands and the municipal roads (Gemeindestraßen) maintained by the parishes or municipalities (Gemeinden).

Landesstraße
Landesstraßen (singular: Landesstraße [ˈlandəsˌʃtʁaːsə]) are roads in Germany and Austria that are, as a rule, the responsibility of the respective German or Austrian states. The term may therefore be translated as "state road". They are roads that cross the boundary of a rural or urban district (Landkreis or Kreisfreie Stadt). A Landesstraße is thus less important than a Bundesstraße or federal road, but more significant than a Kreisstraße or district road. The classification of a road as a Landesstraße is a legal matter (Widmung). In the free states of Bavaria and Saxony – but not, however, in the Free State of Thuringia – Landesstraßen are known as Staatsstraßen.
Metro Blue Line Extension
The Metro Blue Line Extension (sometimes referred to as Bottineau LRT) is a proposed light rail line extension in Hennepin County, Minnesota, projected to run northwest from Target Field station in downtown Minneapolis to the communities of North Minneapolis, Robbinsdale, Crystal, and Brooklyn Park.

The selected alignment was initially planned to run adjacent to a BNSF freight line, but opposition from the company has forced the project to be redesigned with a new routing. The project will now primarily run along County Road 81 (Bottineau Boulevard).

Counties Transit Improvement Board
The Counties Transit Improvement Board (CTIB) was a Joint Powers Board established in March 2008 which will control an estimated $100 million annually in transit funds for the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area.  The board was responsible for granting the funds under its control to major transit infrastructure projects around the Twin Cities. In 2016-2017 a series of events led to the formal vote by members of the CTIB to dissolve the board effective September, 2017. Individual counties then developed county level transit taxes to replace funding streams that had been allocated by the CTIB.
Outline of ethics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ethics.

Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concern matters of value, and thus comprise the branch of philosophy called axiology.

Morality
Morality (from Latin  moralitas 'manner, character, proper behavior') is a doctrine or system of moral conduct which involves evaluative judgments about agents and actions, including assessments of actions as moral or immoral behavior and of character traits as virtues or vices, such as honesty or cruelty.

Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e., opposition to that which is moral or immoral), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any particular set of moral standards or principles.
ToRung
ToRung is a Vietnamese YouTuber. It's was owned by a person who lives in Dong Nai or Lam Dong, but the owner of this channel has not been identified. This channel is known as using Z1000 motorcycle to make video include ToRung Episode 1 | Comedy, ToRung Episode 3 | Comedy, ToRung Episode 4 | Comedy and ToRung Episode 5 | Comedy. It is also became the first Vietnamese channel to reach 50 million subscribers on February 21, 2025.

In June 2024, ToRung surpassed BEN EAGLE in subscribers. The channel has succeeded becoming the Vietnamese channel with the most subscribers of all time. In mid-2025, ToRung surpassed ABS-CBN Entertainment (the largest Philippines YouTuber channel) and Jess No Limit (the biggest Indonesian YouTuber channel).

As of January 2026, the channel is the 59th-biggest YouTube channel in the world with over 59.6 million subscribers. The channel has the most subscribers of any Southeast Asia channel.

Jess No Limit
Tobias Justin, known professionally as Jess No Limit (born February 5, 1996) is an Indonesian YouTuber and internet celebrity of Chinese descent. Jess No Limit is Justin's main YouTube channel with the most subscribers in Indonesia. He also runs several other YouTube channels name Grace No Limit, Jess No Limit Gaming, and Jess No Limit Shorts. In 2023, Jess No Limit succeeded in surpassing Ricis Official as the YouTuber with the most subscribers in Indonesia.
Chandler (software)
Chandler is a discontinued personal information management software suite described by its developers as a "Note-to-Self Organizer" designed for personal and small-group task management and calendaring. It is free software, previously released under the GNU General Public License, and  now released under the Apache License 2.0. It is inspired by a PIM from the 1980s called Lotus Agenda, notable because of its "free-form" approach to information management. Lead developer of Agenda, Mitch Kapor, was also involved in the vision and management of Chandler.

Chandler consists of a cross-platform desktop application (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux), the Chandler Hub Sharing Service, Chandler Server, Chandler Quick Entry for iPhone, and Chandler Quick Entry for Android. Version 1.0 of the software was released on August 8, 2008.

Chandler was developed by the Open Source Applications Foundation (OSAF). It is named after the mystery novelist Raymond Chandler.

Apache License
The Apache License is a permissive free-software license written by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, to modify it, and to distribute modified versions of the software under the terms of the license, without concern for royalties. The ASF and its projects release their software products under the Apache License. The license is also used by many non-ASF projects.
THAP3
THAP domain-containing protein 3 (THAP3) is a protein that, in Homo sapiens (humans), is encoded by the THAP3 gene. The THAP3 protein is as known as MGC33488, LOC90326, and THAP domain-containing, apoptosis associated protein 3. This protein contains the Thanatos-associated protein (THAP) domain and a host-cell factor 1C binding motif. These domains allow THAP3 to influence a variety of processes, including transcription and neuronal development. THAP3 is ubiquitously expressed in H. sapiens, though expression is highest in the kidneys.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
Cuyamecalco Mixtec
Cuyamecalco Mixtec is a Mixtec language of Oaxaca spoken in Cuyamecalco, San Miguel Santa Flor, and Santa Ana Cuauhtémoc. Egland & Bartholomew had found Cuauhtémoc to be more intelligible with Coatzospan Mixtec, which in any case is close to Cuyamecalco.

Mixtec languages
The Mixtec (/ˈmiːstɛk, ˈmiːʃtɛk/) languages belong to the Mixtecan group of the Oto-Manguean language family. Mixtec is spoken in Mexico and is closely related to Trique and Cuicatec. The varieties of Mixtec are spoken by over half a million people. Identifying how many Mixtec languages there are in this complex dialect continuum poses challenges at the level of linguistic theory. Depending on the criteria for distinguishing dialects from languages, there may be as few as a dozen or as many as fifty-three Mixtec languages.
Maxim Lobanovszkij
Maxim Lobanovszkij (born 18 January 1996) is a Hungarian swimmer. From 2018 - 2020, Lobanovszkij was coached and mentored by his father in law, Gennadi Touretski, who was best known for training multiple Olympic gold medalists, such as Alexander Popov, Ian Thorpe and Michael Klim.

In 2018 he competed in the men's 50 metre freestyle event at the 2018 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m). At the 2019 LEN European Championships (25m), in Glasgow, Scotland, Maxim won a bronze medal in the men’s 50 metre freestyle event and a silver medal in the men’s 4x50 metre medley relay event. In the same year of 2019, he qualified for the 2020 Summer Olympics  in Tokyo, with a time of 21,77. In 2021 he competed in the men’s 50 metre freestyle at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in Tokyo, Japan. Lobanovszkij was also a member of the  International Swimming League, representing Team Iron.

Aleksandr Popov (swimmer)
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Popov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Влади́мирович Попо́в, born 16 November 1971), better known as Alexander Popov, is a Russian former swimmer. Widely considered the greatest sprint swimmer in history, Popov won gold in the 50-metre and 100 m freestyle at the 1992 Olympics and repeated the feat at the 1996 Olympics, and is the only male in Olympic games history to defend both titles. He held the world record in the 50 m for eight years, and the 100 m for six. In 2003, aged 31, he won 50 m and 100 m gold at the 2003 World Championships.
By the Sea (1915 film)
By the Sea is a 1915 American silent comedy short film Charlie Chaplin made while waiting for a studio to work in Los Angeles. He had just left Niles Essanay Studio after doing five films at that location. By the Sea was filmed all on location in Santa Monica on the beach near Ocean Park Pier and on Crystal Pier in April 1915. The story centers on Charlie's Little Tramp character and how he gets into trouble trying to grab the attention of women on the beach. Edna Purviance plays one of the wives in whom he shows interest. It is said to be the first film to incorporate the classic gag of a man slipping on a banana skin.

Essanay Studios
Essanay Studios, officially the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, was an early American motion picture studio. The studio was founded in 1907 in Chicago by George Kirke Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of Charlie Chaplin comedies produced in 1915–1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and Anderson were subsequently awarded special Academy Awards for pioneering contributions to film.
Griefer
A griefer or bad-faith player is a player in a multiplayer video game who deliberately annoys, disrupts, or trolls others in ways that are not part of the intended gameplay. Griefing is often accomplished by killing other players unnecessarily, destroying player-built structures, or stealing items. A griefer derives pleasure from the act of annoying other users, and as such, is a nuisance in online gaming communities.

Gameplay
Gameplay is the specific way in which players interact with a game. The term applies to both video games and tabletop games. Gameplay is the connection between the player and the game, the player's overcoming of challenges, and the pattern of player behavior defined through the game's rules.
Edasserimala
Edasserimala is a village in Aranmula, Pathanamthitta, India.

Some known temples in Edaserimala is Kadagal Devi temple, Kanakakkunnu Mahadevar temple and Pallimukkom Devi temple. Eddaserimala is also one of the host of Uthrathadhi Valam kali. Other places of interest are Eddaserimala Palliyodam and Eddaserimala East Palliyodam vellapura (the boat house), Vasthu vidhya gurukulam, Veera Jawan Smarakam, and Satra Kadvu which is also the finishing point of world-famous Snake boat race.

Aranmula
Aranmula, a temple town in Kerala, India, is renowned as the cultural capital of Pathanamthitta district. Situated on the banks of the Pampa, it has been a significant pilgrimage centre since ancient times and an important trade post when the river served as the main transport route. Located near Kozhencherry in Pathanamthitta, Aranmula is easily accessible from Chengannur railway station, just 10 km away. Today, it is one of the fastest-growing villages in the region.
Vitaliy Boiko
Vitaliy Fedorovych Boiko (Ukrainian: Віталій Федорович Бойко; 30 September 1937 – 30 January 2020) was a Ukrainian lawyer, diplomat, and Minister of Justice.

Boiko was from Chernihiv Oblast. He graduated from Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University in 1963 and until 1976 worked as a judge in Dnipropetrovsk and then until 1986 as a judge in Donetsk.

In 1986 to 1992 Boiko worked in Ministry of Justice and held ministerial post. Concurrently with that he also headed the Central Electoral Commission. In 1993–1994 Boiko served as an Ambassador of Ukraine to Moldova. In 1994–2002 he was a chairman of the Supreme Court of Ukraine.

He was awarded the Honorary Award of the President of Ukraine, the forerunner of the Order of Merit.

Order of Merit (Ukraine)
The Order of Merit (Ukrainian: Орден «За заслуги») (Distinguished service) first, second or third class, is the Ukrainian order of merit, given to individuals for outstanding achievements in economics, science, culture, military or political spheres of activity. It was first established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on September 22, 1996.

There are 3 grades, the highest being the first grade honours.

Those who are awarded the Order of Merit have the official title Chevalier of the Order of Merit.

The order can be granted posthumously.
Monopolization
In United States antitrust law, monopolization is illegal monopoly behavior. The main categories of prohibited behavior include exclusive dealing, price discrimination, refusing to supply an essential facility, product tying and predatory pricing. Monopolization is a federal crime under Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. It has a specific legal meaning, which is parallel to the "abuse" of a dominant position in EU competition law, under TFEU article 102. It is also illegal in Australia under the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (CCA). Section 2 of the Sherman Act states that any person "who shall monopolize . . . any part of the trade or commerce among the several states, or with foreign nations shall be deemed guilty of a felony."  Section 2 also forbids "attempts to monopolize" and "conspiracies to monopolize". Generally this means that corporations may not act in ways that have been identified as contrary to precedent cases.

Competition and Consumer Act 2010
The Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (CCA) is an Act of the Parliament of Australia. Prior to 1 January 2011, it was known as the Trade Practices Act 1974 (TPA). The Act is the legislative vehicle for competition law in Australia, and seeks to promote competition, fair trading as well as providing protection for consumers. It is administered by the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC) and also gives some rights for private action. Schedule 2 of the CCA sets out the Australian Consumer Law (ACL). The Federal Court of Australia has the jurisdiction to determine private and public complaints made in regard to contraventions of the Act.
Laronxe
Laronxe is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France. It is 40 km south east of Nancy.

It is served by the St-Clément-Laronxe train station located in the nearby commune of Saint-Clément.

Saint-Clément, Meurthe-et-Moselle
Saint-Clément (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ klemɑ̃]) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France. It was there that a sister company of the Lunéville Faience manufactory was founded by Jacques Chambrette in 1758. It still produces today both old & modern tableware and decorative ceramics.
Tukey's B method
Tukey's B method, also known as the Tukey-Kramer B procedure, or Tukey's Wholly Significant Difference (WSD) is a post-hoc multiple comparison statistical test used to identify which specific group means differ significantly from each other after a statistically significant result has been obtained from an analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is considered a compromise between two other popular multiple comparison procedures: Tukey's range test and the Newman-Keuls method.

The primary purpose of post-hoc tests like Tukey's B is to control the family-wise error rate (FWER) when performing multiple comparisons. Without such control, the probability of making at least one Type I error increases with the number of comparisons made.

Family-wise error rate
Family-wise error rate (FWER) is a term from statistics for the probability of making one or more false discoveries, or type I errors when performing multiple hypotheses tests. FWER is a metric that quantifies the risk caused by multiple testing. It's the probability of making one or more Type I errors across all tests in a family of comparisons. Controlling the FWER (for example, with Bonferroni or Holm corrections) is a way to address the problem created with multiple testing.