hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Streetcars in Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara, California, had a system of street railways that operated from 1875 through 1929. Begun as a single mule-drawn line from the waterfront pier to the Arlington Hotel, over the decades it was incrementally expanded, later electrified, and operated until its closure in June 1929.

Arlington Hotel (Santa Barbara, California)
34°25′04″N 119°41′49″W﻿ / ﻿34.4179°N 119.697°W﻿ / 34.4179; -119.697

The Arlington Hotel was a historic hotel in Santa Barbara, California, United States. Opened in 1876, it was one of the grandest hotels in the West. The original building burned down on 15 August 1909, and a replacement hotel was completed in 1911 at a cost of over one and a half million dollars. This building suffered further misfortune when a strong earthquake devastated the town in 1925, and the hotel was left in ruins.
Say It with Diamonds (1935 film)
Say It with Diamonds is a 1935 British comedy film directed by Redd Davis and starring Frank Pettingell, Eve Becke and Vera Bogetti.

It was shot as a quota quickie at Walton Studios for distribution by the British subsidiary of MGM.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
San Sebastián Airport
San Sebastián Airport (IATA: EAS, ICAO: LESO) is the airport serving San Sebastián in Basque Country, Spain. Despite its name, the facilities are located in the municipality of Hondarribia, with the runway stretching like a spit of land along the river Bidasoa right on the Spanish–French border.

The airport primarily serves domestic flights, especially to Madrid, and an international service to London City has commenced as of July 2022. A scheme is in the pipeline to lengthen the runway (2008) in order to meet the requirements established to provide service for larger aircraft. Preliminary plans are still coming up against strong opposition, which has added to the economic difficulties facing the carriers using the airport, making its future all the more uncertain. Other nearby airports are Bilbao Airport (117 km (73 mi) by car) and Biarritz Pays Basque Airport (32 km (20 mi)).

Bilbao Airport
Bilbao Airport (IATA: BIO, ICAO: LEBB) is a minor international airport located 9 km (5.6 mi) north of Bilbao, in the municipality of Loiu, in Biscay. It is the largest airport in the Basque Country and northern Spain, with 6,336,441 passengers in 2023. It is famous for its new main terminal, which opened in 2000, designed by Santiago Calatrava.
Chipaque Formation
The Chipaque Formation (Spanish: Formación Chipaque, K2cp, Kc) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The formation is also described as Gachetá Formation, named after Gachetá, in the area of the Llanos foothills of the Eastern Ranges. The predominantly organic shale formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Cenomanian-Turonian epochs and has a maximum thickness of 1,700 metres (5,600 ft). The formation, rich in TOC, is an important oil and gas generating unit for the giant oilfields Cupiagua and Cusiana of the Eastern Ranges as well as in the Llanos Orientales.

Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
1974 Campeonato Paulista
The 1974 Campeonato Paulista da Divisão Especial de Futebol Profissional, organized by the Federação Paulista de Futebol, was the 73rd season of São Paulo's top professional football league. Palmeiras won the championship by the 17th time, becoming the greatest champion of São Paulo, remaining in that position until 1982, when Corinthians won their 18th title and surpassed the rival in state achievements. In the 1974 season, the runner-up was the Corinthians team, who had already gone for twenty years without winning the Paulista title. No teams were relegated and the top scorer was Botafogo's Geraldão with 23 goals.

1982 Campeonato Paulista
The 1982 Campeonato Paulista da Primeira Divisão de Futebol Profissional was the 81st season of São Paulo's top professional football league. Corinthians won the championship for the 18th time. Francana was relegated.
Clark's Missouri Battery
Clark's Missouri Battery (also known as the 2nd Missouri Light Battery and later known as King's Battery and then the Farris' Battery) was an artillery battery that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

M1841 12-pounder howitzer
The M1841 12-pounder howitzer was a bronze smoothbore muzzle-loading artillery piece that was adopted by the United States Army in 1841 and employed during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. It fired a 8.9 lb (4.0 kg) shell up to a distance of 1,072 yd (980 m) at 5° elevation. It could also fire canister shot and spherical case shot. The howitzer proved effective when employed by light artillery units during the Mexican–American War. The howitzer was used throughout the American Civil War, but it was outclassed by the 12-pounder Napoleon which combined the functions of both field gun and howitzer. In the U.S. Army, the 12-pounder howitzers were replaced as soon as more modern weapons became available. Though none were manufactured after 1862, the weapon was not officially discarded by the U.S. Army until 1868. The Confederate States of America also manufactured and employed the howitzer during the American Civil War.
Deck department
The deck department is an organisational team on board naval and merchant ships. Seafarers in the deck department work a variety of jobs on a ship or vessel, but primarily they will carry out the navigation of a vessel from the bridge. However, they are usually also responsible for supervising and monitoring any maritime cargo on board, as well as ensuring maintenance of the deck and upper hull structure, monitoring the stability of the ship, including loading and discharging ballast water, carrying out mooring operations, and finally anchoring a ship.

Among the merchant fleets of countries that have ratified the STCW Convention, the department and its manning requirements, including the responsibilities of each rank are regulated by that STCW Convention. The department is led by deck officers, who are licensed mariners, and they are commanded overall by the ship's captain.

Deck (ship)
A deck is a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship. On a boat or ship, the primary or upper deck is the horizontal structure that forms the "roof" of the hull, strengthening it and serving as the primary working surface. Vessels often have more than one level both within the hull and in the superstructure above the primary deck, similar to the floors of a multi-storey building, that are also referred to as decks, as are certain compartments and decks built over specific areas of the superstructure. Decks for some purposes have specific names.
Archdiocese of Barcelona
The Archdiocese of Barcelona (Latin: Archidioecesis Barcinonensis) is a Latin metropolitan archbishopric of the Catholic Church in northeastern Spain's Catalonia region.

The cathedral archiepiscopal see is a Minor basilica: Catedral Basílica Metropolitana de la Santa Creu i Santa Eulàlia, Barcelona. The archbishopric has nine more Minor basilicas.

The current Archbishop of Barcelona is Juan José Omella Omella, appointed by Pope Francis on 6 November 2015.

Archdiocese of Toledo
The Archdiocese of Toledo (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Toletana) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in Spain. They are also the Primates of Spain. It was, according to tradition, established in the 1st century by James the Great and was elevated to an archdiocese in 313 after the Edict of Milan. The incumbent Metropolitan Archbishop also bears the title Primate of Spain and since 1937 the title General Vicar of the Armies (but the pastoral care for the Spanish armed forces is now provided, since 1986, by the Military Archbishopric of Spain)
Hugh Bowman
James Hugh Bowman (born 14 July 1980) is an Australian thoroughbred racing jockey. Based in Sydney, Bowman has won the New South Wales Metropolitan Jockey Premiership four times (2008/09, 2011/12, 2014/15, 2016/17) and has ridden 100 Group 1 winners. He was the jockey for Australian champion mare Winx from 2014 through to her retirement in 2019. In 2017, Bowman won the Longines World’s Best Jockey award presented by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. The award capped off a year in which he added to his domestic success with international Group 1 wins in Hong Kong and Japan. In 2019, he was inducted into the Australian Racing Hall of Fame, the industry’s highest accolade. Bowman is also renowned for his “She’s Apples” winning salute and his nickname of “the Undisputed Group 1 King”.

Australian Racing Hall of Fame
The Australian Racing Hall of Fame is part of the Australian Racing Museum which documents and honours the horseracing legends of Australia. The museum officially opened in 1981 and created the Hall of Fame in 2000.

The numbers in brackets after each name indicates the year of induction into the Hall of Fame.
Communist Party of British Columbia
The Communist Party of British Columbia (CPC BC) is the provincial section of the Communist Party of Canada in British Columbia. From the 1945 election to the 1956 election, it was known as the Labor-Progressive Party, initially due to the Communist Party having been banned under the Defence of Canada Regulations.

Labor-Progressive Party
The Labor-Progressive Party (LPP; French: Parti ouvrier-progressiste) was the legal front of the Communist Party of Canada and its provincial wings from 1943 to 1959. It was established amid World War II after a number of prominent Communist Party members were released from wartime internment, with Communist Party general secretary Tim Buck serving as the LPP's leader. The LPP had one elected member of parliament during its history, trade unionist Fred Rose, who won the 1943 Cartier federal by-election in the Montreal riding. The party also saw provincial- and municipal-level victories, particularly in Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec.
When It's All Said and Done... Take Time
When It's All Said and Done... Take Time is a compilation album by American R&B singer and songwriter Giveon, released by Epic Records and Not So Fast on March 12, 2021. The album combines his two EPs When It's All Said and Done and Take Time, along with a new song, "All to Me". The album was certified gold in 2021, and certified platinum later in 2022.

Take Time (Giveon EP)
Take Time is the debut EP by American R&B singer and songwriter Giveon, released by Epic Records on March 27, 2020. On the US Billboard Heatseekers chart, it was ranked as number one for three weeks in a row, beginning with January 16, 2021. The EP later peaked at number 35 on the Billboard 200. On March 12, 2021, Take Time was nominated for Best R&B Album at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards.
Battle of Fatagar
The Battle of Fatagar (alternatively known as Nech Sar) was a reprisal conflict between the previous participants of the Ethiopian–Adal War. It was fought between the forces of the Adal Sultanate led by Nur ibn Mujahid, and the Ethiopian Empire under Emperor Gelawdewos. The Ethiopian Emperor was later killed by Adal forces in this battle.

Mohammed Hassen considers this battle a decisive defeat for the Ethiopian Empire. "Not only did Galawdewos' death produce terrible grief throughout the Christian land, it left the political scene uncertain and fluid.  After this battle,  this force was never able to regain its full strength and failed to win back an inch of land lost before 1559 to the pastoral Oromo."

James Bruce
James Bruce of Kinnaird (14 December 1730 – 27 April 1794) was a Scottish traveller and travel writer who physically confirmed the source of the Blue Nile. He spent more than a dozen years in North and East Africa and in 1770 became the first European to trace and document the course of the Nile by following it upstream from Egypt through Sudan to its origins in the Blue Nile in Ethiopia.
Fortifications of Mycenae
Mycenae is a city in the Argolid, in the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It was first excavated by Heinrich and Sophia Schliemann in the 1870s and is believed to have flourished in the Mid- to Late Bronze Age. The fortifications of Mycenae were built with the use of Cyclopean masonry.  With the citadel built on a cliff, the architects created protection not only for the upper class that lived within the walls, but the lower-class farmers in the surrounding areas, who could find refuge there in times of war. Due to high competition in the Mid to Late Bronze Age, the citadel wall expanded significantly with the inclusion of Grave Circle A and the addition of the Lion Gate.

Heinrich Schliemann
Johann Ludwig Heinrich Julius Schliemann (German: [ˈʃliːman]; 6 January 1822 – 26 December 1890) was a German businessman and an influential archaeologist. He was an advocate of the historicity of places mentioned in the works of Homer and an archaeological excavator of Hisarlık, now presumed to be the site of Troy, along with the Mycenaean sites Mycenae and Tiryns. His work lent weight to the idea that Homer's Iliad reflects historical events. Schliemann's excavation of nine layers of archaeological remains has been criticized as destructive of significant historical artefacts, including the layer that is believed to be the Homeric Troy.
Juanda Jaya
Juanda Jaya is a Malaysian politician and mufti who has served as State Deputy Minister in the Premier's Department of Sarawak in charge of Integrity and Ombudsman in the Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) state administration under Premier Abang Abdul Rahman Johari Abang Openg and Minister John Sikie Tayai since January 2022 and Member of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Jemoreng since May 2016. He is a member of the Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB), a component party of the ruling GPS coalition. He also served as the Mufti of Perlis from January 2009 to January 2014.
On 1 October 2009, he started to take leave and was a visiting scholar to Oxford University from 6 October 2009 to 3 August 2010 for 10 months and he is of Melanau descent. He is to date the only East Malaysian to become a Mufti in Peninsular Malaysia.

Melanau people
Melanau (Malay: Orang Melanau, Melanau: Tenawan Melanau) or A-Likou (meaning River people in Mukah dialect) is an ethnic group indigenous to Sarawak, Malaysia, and also present in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. They are among the earliest settlers of Sarawak. They speak the Melanau language, which is a part of the North Bornean branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages.
1991 Bob Save Superbowl
The 1991 Bob Save Superbowl was the 1991 season of the South African club soccer knockout tournament, then known as the Bob Save Superbowl for sponsorship reasons.

It was won by Moroka Swallows, who defeated defending champions Jomo Cosmos 2–1 in the final. Cosmos were in the second of their three successive finals.

Nedbank Cup
The Nedbank Cup is the current name of South Africa's premier club soccer knockout tournament. While many formats have been used over the years, the tournament has always been based on the idea of giving lower league and amateur teams a chance to compete with clubs from the top league for the cup. The tournament is based on the English FA Cup, which has become known for "giant killings" (lower league clubs defeating a top-flight club).
Zoom H4 Handy Recorder
The H4 Handy Recorder is a handheld digital audio recorder from Zoom, featuring built-in condenser microphones in an X-Y stereo pattern, priced from around US$280 depending upon memory capacity as of 2011.

Recordings are stored on an SD card (128 MB supplied), or via a USB cable to a computer running digital audio workstation software (Cubase LE supplied).

Digital recording
In digital recording, an audio or video signal is converted into a stream of discrete numbers representing the changes over time in air pressure for audio, or chroma and luminance values for video.  This number stream is saved to a storage device.  To play back a digital recording, the numbers are retrieved and converted back into their original analog audio or video forms so that they can be heard or seen.

In a properly matched analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) pair, the analog signal is accurately reconstructed, within the constraints of the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, which dictates the sampling rate and quantization error dependent on the audio or video bit depth. Because the signal is stored digitally, assuming proper error detection and correction, the recording is not degraded by copying, storage or interference.
Michael Lou Martin
Michael Lou Martin (February 3, 1932 – May 27, 2015) was an American philosopher and former professor at Boston University. Martin specialized in the philosophy of religion, although he also worked on the philosophies of science, law, and social science.  He served with the US Marine Corps in Korea.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Joey Janela
Joseph Janela (born July 3, 1989) is an American professional wrestler, working for Game Changer Wrestling (GCW), where he is the promoter of the Joey Janela's Spring Break event series. Janela is most known for his work with All Elite Wrestling (AEW), Major League Wrestling (MLW), and various independent promotions such as Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), and Beyond Wrestling.

DDT Extreme Championship
The DDT Extreme Championship (Japanese: DDT EXTREME王座, Hepburn: Dī Dī Tī Ekusutorīmu Ōza) is a singles title in the Japanese professional wrestling promotion DDT Pro-Wrestling. The title was established in 2006 and it is mostly defended in stipulation matches, with the defending champion being given the right to choose the stipulation. The title has also been defended at events held by Union Pro Wrestling, one of DDT's former sub-brands.

The current champion is To-y who is in his first reign.
Pacific Magazines
Pacific Magazines was a magazine publisher operating in Australia owned by Seven West Media. In March 2020, it was acquired by Bauer Media Australia in April 2020. In June 2020, Mercury Capital acquired Pacific Magazines as part of its purchase of Bauer's former Australian and New Zealand assets.

Men's Health
Men's Health (MH), published by Hearst, is the world's largest men's magazine brand, with 35 editions in 59 countries; it is the bestselling men's magazine on American newsstands.

Started as a men's health magazine by Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, the magazine currently covers various men's lifestyle topics such as fitness, nutrition, fashion and sexuality. The magazine's website, MensHealth.com, averages over 118 million page views a month.
Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems
Pre-revolutionary Imperial Russia (before 1917) did not have a single national unified system but instead relied on those provided by the manufacturers of the aircraft, like Sikorsky Ilya Muromets or Anatra Anasal.

Pashinin I-21
The Pashinin I-21 (not to be confused with the Ilyushin TsKB-32, also known as "I-21") was an early 1940s Soviet fighter prototype. Designed by Mikhail M. Pashinin, the I-21 was built to incorporate lessons learned from the combat experiences of Soviet pilots during the Spanish Civil War and the Nomonhan Incident with the Empire of Japan. Despite showing promising performance, the I-21 did not get past the prototype stage, as it was felt the type did not offer a significant enough increase in capability over competitors already in production, such as the Yakovlev Yak-1 or Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-3.
Impeachment in Vermont
In the United States state of Vermont, the practice of impeachment has existed since its pre-statehood era as the Vermont Republic and has continued into its existence as a state since 1791. Impeachment allows a legislative body to remove an official from office after a trial.

Over the course of Vermont's pre-statehood history, the term "impeachment" was used to describe a broad variety of actions, including, at times, the removal of legislators. This inconsistency over the history of Vermont as to what constitutes an "impeachment" has complicated historians' efforts to fully document the history of impeachment in Vermont.

Article of impeachment
An article of impeachment is a documented statement which specifies the charges to be tried in an impeachment trial as a basis for removing an officeholder. Articles of impeachment are an aspect of impeachment processes of many governments that utilize a bifurcated (two-part) impeachment process that sees a vote to "impeach" followed by an impeachment trial on whether to remove an officer.

In an impeachment trial, an article of impeachment serves the same role that an indictment would in a criminal trial. Articles of impeachment are adopted prior to an impeachment trial by the legislative body with authority to invoke the impeachment that triggers the trial. In the trial, the accused party generally attempts to counter the elements of the article(s) of impeachment through arguments.
Brian McDonald (Gaelic footballer)
Brian "Beano" McDonald (born 7 June 1980) is a Gaelic footballer and former player for Laois. He resides in Killeen, County Laois, his club is Arles–Killeen.

Known as "Beano", McDonald was one of the top scorers in 2003 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. He represented Ireland in the 2003 International Rules Series. He scored both goals and overs to win against Australia but Ireland ultimately lost the Series that year.

In 2021 Billy Sheehan chose him as a Laois senior football selector.

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
Michael Li
Michael Li (born 1985, Portland, Oregon; Chinese name: Tianhui Li) is an American data scientist, entrepreneur, and the founder and Chief Executive Officer of The Data Incubator, a data science training and placement company. Since 2023, he has also been serving as CTO at Aerial, a legal-tech start-up helping companies manage their corporate information and scale fast.

VentureBeat
VentureBeat is an American technology website headquartered in San Francisco, California. VentureBeat is a tech news source that publishes news, analysis, long-form features, interviews, and videos. The VentureBeat company was founded in 2006 by Matt Marshall, an ex-correspondent for The Mercury News.