hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Allamanda cathartica
Allamanda cathartica, commonly called golden trumpet, common trumpetvine, and yellow allamanda, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela, and widely naturalised elsewhere in the tropics. This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.

It does not twine, nor does it have tendrils or aerial roots. It can be pruned into a shrub form. If not pruned it can sprawl to a height of 6 m (20 ft). According to McMullen, it can be up to 15 m (49 ft) in length in the Galapagos Islands where it is naturalised.

The city of Canóvanas, Puerto Rico has adopted this species, known locally as canario amarillo, as its official flower.

Flora Brasiliensis
Flora Brasiliensis is a book published between 1840 and 1906 by the editors Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, August Wilhelm Eichler, Ignatz Urban and many others. It contains taxonomic treatments of 22,767 species, mostly Brazilian angiosperms.

The work was begun by Stephan Endlicher and Martius.
Von Martius completed 46 of the 130 fascicles before his death in 1868, with the monograph being completed in 1906.

It was published by the Missouri Botanical Garden.
Desert Reconnaissance Battalion
The Desert Reconnaissance Battalion (DRB) (also known as Unit 585 or the Bedouin Battalion) is an armoured cavalry unit of the 7643rd Territorial Brigade "Gefen", 143rd "Fire Fox" Division that specializes in controlling and surveillance of immigrants crossing the border illegally, CQB/CQC in urban areas, patrolling with armed armored vehicles to maintain border security, raiding with maneuver warfare tactics and small unit tactics, support counterinsurgency, and tracking targets in border areas.

It is an ethnic minority unit consisting of volunteers from the Bedouin, Christian, Muslim ethnoreligious groups, while the majority of the IDF and the Israeli population are Jews. The DRB was founded in the late 1980s and since then has largely been deployed on the border with the Gaza Strip on security duties.

Israeli Bedouin
Israeli Bedouin are Muslim Arab citizens of Israel who are members of Bedouin tribes. The main groups are the Galilee Bedouin in the north and the Negev Bedouin in the south. As they live within the historical region of Palestine, they may be considered a subset of the Palestinian Bedouin.
Predrag Bošković
Predrag Bošković (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Предраг Бошковић; born 12 March 1972) is a Montenegrin politician and sports administrator. Currently he is a member of the Parliament of Montenegro, and the former Minister of Defence of Montenegro.
Bošković is an economist and has been involved in politics since 1997. He was a member of the Montenegrin Parliament, the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Government of Serbia and Montenegro. He served also as Minister of Economy, as Minister of Labor and Social Welfare and as Minister of Education in various Montenegrin governments.

Concurrently, he is the Vice-President of the European Handball Federation and member of the International Handball Federation Council.

2019–2020 clerical protests in Montenegro
In late December 2019, a wave of protests started against the controversial, newly adopted "Law on Freedom of Religion or Belief and the Legal Status of Religious Communities" which effectively transferred ownership of church buildings and estates built before 1918 (when the Kingdom of Montenegro was abolished and annexed by Kingdom of Serbia) from the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro to the Montenegrin state. The Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro, which owned 66 mainly medieval monasteries, dozens of churches and other real estate there, insisted the state wanted to impound its assets, while Pro-Western Montenegro's president Milo Đukanović, accused the Serbian church of promoting pro-Serb policies that are aimed at "undermining Montenegrin statehood".
Mazenod College, Victoria
Mazenod College is an independent, Roman Catholic, day-school for boys, located in Mulgrave, Victoria. It is one of three schools run by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) and the only one in Victoria. Mazenod College is a member of the Associated Catholic Colleges. Currently, the principal is Dr. Paul Shannon with the rector currently being Fr. Harry Dyer OMI.

Associated Catholic Colleges
The Associated Catholic Colleges (ACC) is a group of thirteen independent Catholic boys schools in Victoria, Australia. The Association, formed in 1911, and renamed in 1948, provides the basis for interschool sporting and other competitions between member schools.
Jeziorki Północne
Jeziorki Północne (Polish: [jɛˈʑɔr.ki puwˈnɔt͡s.nɛ]; lit. 'North Jeziorki') is a neighbourhood, and a City Information System area, in Warsaw, Poland, within the Ursynów district, and the administrative neighbourhood of Jeziorki. It is a residential area with low-rise single-family housing.

The village of Jeziorki was founded in the 15th century, via separation from the village of Gramnica, which no longer exists. In the 19th century, the village of Ludwinów was also established in the area. In 1951, they were incorporated into the city of Warsaw.

Kraków Główny railway station
Kraków Główny, in English Kraków Main, is the largest and the most centrally located railway station in Kraków, Poland.

The railway station was situated in a historical building, constructed between 1844 and 1847 by Rosenbaum, which lies parallel to the tracks. The design was chosen to allow for future line expansion. The station was initially a terminus of the Kraków – Upper Silesia Railway (Kolej Krakowsko-Górnośląska, German: Oberschlesische-Krakauer Eisenbahn). Trains entered the trainshed via a brick archway at the northern end of the station which was almost doubled in size in 1871. In 2014, a new building was opened.

In 2023, it served 23.4 million passengers, making it the country's third busiest railway station behind Wrocław Główny and Poznań Główny stations.
Pepato
Pepato is a semi-hard sheep milk cheese with peppercorns. Pepato (or Pecorino pepato; Tumazzu di piecura ccu pepi, Sicilano) has its main origin in Sicily where it is part of the regional cooking. Usually is used as 2–4 months aged cheese, but a mild younger version (10 days) can easily be found in Italian stores. Peppercorns are added during the subtraction of the whey.

Sheep milk
Sheep milk is the milk of domestic sheep. It is commonly used to make cultured dairy products, such as cheese. Some of the most popular sheep cheeses include feta (Greece), pecorino romano (Italy), Roquefort (France) and Manchego (Spain).
James McConnell (engineer)
James Edward McConnell (1815–1883) was one of the first locomotive engineers of the London and North Western Railway (LNWR).  He was Locomotive Superintendent of the LNWR's Southern Division at Wolverton railway works from 1847 to 1862 and oversaw the design of the "Bloomer" and "Patent" locomotives. He was also one of the founding members of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, and its first chairman, discussing the issue of an institute in 1846 at Bromsgrove.

Wilbert Awdry
Wilbert Vere Awdry OBE (15 June 1911 – 21 March 1997), often credited as Rev. W. Awdry, was an English Anglican priest, railway enthusiast, and children's author.  He was the creator of Thomas the Tank Engine and several other characters who appeared in his Railway Series.
Ministry of Industrial Provisioning
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Industrial Provisioning (Norwegian: Industriforsyningsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry that existed from 1917 to 1920.

It was established on 30 April 1917, during the first World War, and ceased to exist on 30 April 1920. Its tasks were transferred to the Ministries of Defence, Finance, Trade and Provisioning.

The heads of the Ministry of Industrial Provisioning were: Torolf Prytz (1917-1918), Nils Ihlen, (1918) and Haakon Hauan (1918-1920).

Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norwegian: Nærings- og handelsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry responsible for business, trade and industry.

It was first created in 1916, as the Ministry of Trade (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Shipping and Industry). It took its final name in 1997. The department must report to the legislature, Storting.

On 1 January 2014, the ministry was dissolved and the minister portfolio was incorporated into the new Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries.
The Pathfinder: Buried Treasures – The Mid-70's Recordings
The Pathfinder: Buried Treasures – The Mid-70's Recordings is a 2010 compilation album composed of the three studio albums recorded by Buffy Sainte-Marie during her time with MCA Records and ABC Records.

Covering the years between 1974 and 1976, the material includes all tracks from Buffy (1974), Changing Woman (1975) and Sweet America (1976) but is not presented in the chronological order of those album's initial release.  The compilation is a reissue of the 2008 Big Beat 2 CD set Buffy/Changing Woman/Sweet America: The Mid-70's Records which used similar artwork (a photo of originally used on the rear cover of Sweet America) and had the songs sequenced in their original album order.

The Pathfinder received a positive review from The Province, which gave it an A rating, stating that the set "...captures the period when Sainte-Marie both cemented her reputation as an arresting performer of utterly unique style as well as a protest singer of exceptional power."

Sweet America
Sweet America was the twelfth studio album by Buffy Sainte-Marie and her last before retiring from music to work on Sesame Street and in education. The album was dedicated to the American Indian Movement and featured some songs with tribal rhythms and vocals that she was later to develop on her 1992 comeback Coincidence and Likely Stories.

After parting with MCA Records, Sainte-Marie signed with ABC Records, then home of such artists as Steely Dan, the early Pointer Sisters, Isaac Hayes and the James Gang. Although Sweet America received a little more attention from the press than her two MCA albums Buffy and Changing Woman, most reviews were not favorable. When MCA acquired ABC Records in 1979, Sweet America went out of print along with her two MCA albums, and remaining copies were not thereafter circulated. Claims that her retirement was motivated by the collapse of ABC Records are unlikely because she had not been recording for over three years when the label collapsed.
Indonesian Floorball Association
Indonesian Floorball Association (IFA) is the highest floorball governing body in Indonesia. IFA is founded on 28 October 2009. It has been recognized as 51st member (provisional) of IFF in the same year.

IFA was recognized as a full member of the National Sports Committee of Indonesia on June 3, 2016 and a full member of the Indonesian Olympic Committee on February 10, 2017.

Indonesian Olympic Committee
The Indonesian Olympic Committee (Indonesian: Komite Olimpiade Indonesia, KOI) (IOC Code: INA) is the national Olympic committee of Indonesia and the member of Olympic Council of Asia. Their duty is to organize Indonesian participation in international sporting events, such as Summer Olympic Games, Asian Games, and Southeast Asian Games. They are also responsible for submitting bid for Indonesia as the host, planning and organizing official international sporting events to be held in Indonesia.
Barber–Johnson diagram
A Barber–Johnson diagram is a method of presenting hospital statistics combining four different variables in a unique graph, introduced in 1973. The method constructs a scattergram where length of stay, turnover interval, discharges, and deaths per available bed are combined. These four variables have a common relationship between them and their combination in the diagram permitted a new improved way for analyzing efficiency and performance of the hospital sector. The most complete reference about how to construct the diagram could be found in Yates. In this book, the appendix explains in detail the way for elaborating this kind of diagram.

Scatter plot
A scatter plot, also called a scatterplot, scatter graph, scatter chart, scattergram, or scatter diagram, is a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data. If the points are coded (color/shape/size), one additional variable can be displayed.
The data are displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.
Don Sanders
Don Sanders (October 1, 1943 – July 21, 2018) was an American singer-songwriter from Houston, Texas. Due to his unique blend of storytelling and songwriting he was sometimes called a "folk humorist." Throughout the years he shared the stage with Lyle Lovett, Nanci Griffith, Lightnin' Hopkins, Vince Bell and Janis Joplin. Sanders was an educator, a musician, a one-time founder of an independent record label, a founding member of KPFT radio, and a writer.

He had the nickname "Mayor of Montrose".

Lyle Lovett
Lyle Pearce Lovett (born November 1, 1957) is an American country singer-songwriter and actor. Active since 1980, he has recorded 14 albums and released 25 singles to date, including his highest entry, the number 10 chart hit on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, "Cowboy Man". Lovett has won four Grammy Awards, including Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Album. His most recent album is 12th of June, released in 2022.
John Terborgh
John Whittle Terborgh (born April 16, 1936) is a James B. Duke Professor of Environmental Science at Duke University and co-director of the Center for Tropical Conservation. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and for the past thirty-five years, has been actively involved in tropical ecology and conservation issues. An authority on avian and mammalian ecology in Neotropical forests, Terborgh has published numerous articles and books on conservation themes. Since 1973, he has operated the Cocha Cashu Biological Station, a tropical ecology research station in Manú National Park, Peru.

James B. Duke Professor
At Duke University, the title of James B. Duke Distinguished Professor is given to a small number of the faculty with extraordinary records of achievement. At some universities, titles like "distinguished professor", "institute professor", or "regents professor" are counterparts of this title. Two Nobel laureates (Robert Lefkowitz and Paul L. Modrich) served as James B. Duke Professors, and another, Ingrid Daubechies received the National Medal of Science.
Kodambakkam
Kodambakkam (also known as K-Town or Kollywood) is a business and residential neighbourhood in Central Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The neighbourhood is served by Kodambakkam railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. Kodambakkam has a high concentration of film studios and has been known for its status as the hub of the Tamil film industry, lending its name to the industry's monicker Kollywood, a portmanteau of Kodambakkam and Hollywood.

Ashok Nagar, Chennai
Ashok Nagar  is a residential locality situated at the southern part of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It was established in 1964. At the heart of this colony, stands the Ashok Pillar. This four lion head stump, resembles the one erected by king Ashoka during the 3rd century BCE at Sanchi.

To promote this suburban locality, the Tamil Nadu Housing Board constructed flats during the 1970s for middle-income group, covering an area of 7 sq km including the neighbourhood of K. K. Nagar. The next major infrastructure was shopping complex constructed near Pillar in 1974. Banks, Ration shop, grocery stores, urban development office started functioning here. Followed by it was inauguration of Anna Community hall and sports club. In the early 1980s, Udhayam Theatre complex and ESI hospital emerged. Later more government schools and additional facilities were added.
Pamela Brown (actress)
Pamela Mary Brown (8 July 1917 – 19 September 1975) was a British actress. For her portrayal of Queen Victoria's mother Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent in Victoria Regina (1961) she was awarded the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS). In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies, the supporting categories were not always genre-, or even gender-, specific. Beginning with 1970, supporting actresses in drama have competed alone. However, these dramatic performances often included actresses from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

# – Indicates a performance in a miniseries or television film, prior to the category's creation in 1975

§ – Indicates a performance as a guest performer, prior to the category's creation in 1975
Malate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)
Malate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) (EC 1.1.1.299, MdH II, NAD(P)+-dependent malate dehyrogenase) is an enzyme with systematic name (S)-malate:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:

The enzyme was characterized from the methanogenic archaeon Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, catalyses only the reduction of oxaloacetate, and can use NAD+ or NADP+ with similar specific activity. It is different from EC 1.1.1.37 (malate dehydrogenase (NAD+)), EC 1.1.1.82 (malate dehydrogenase (NADP+)) and EC 1.1.5.4 (malate dehydrogenase (quinone)).

Malate dehydrogenase
Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) (MDH) is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate using the reduction of NAD+ to NADH. This reaction is part of many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Other malate dehydrogenases, which have other EC numbers and catalyze other reactions oxidizing malate, have qualified names like malate dehydrogenase (NADP+).
2017 SAFF U-15 Women's Championship
The 2017 SAFF U-15 Women's Championship was the 1st edition of the SAFF U-15 Women's Championship, an international football competition for women's under-15 national teams organized by SAFF. The tournament was hosted by Bangladesh from 17–24 December 2017 at Bangabandhu National Stadium and BSSSM Mostofa Kamal Stadium. Four teams from the region took part.

SAFF U-17 Women's Championship
The SAFF U-15/U-16/U-17 Women's Championship is an annual association football tournament for women's national teams under the age of 15/16/17. The tournament is organized by South Asian Football Federation (SAFF).
2016 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series
The 2016 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series competition was restructured from the previous year, now with four divisions: Sevens Grand Prix Series, the Trophy, Conference 1, and Conference 2.

In preparation for the 2016 Olympics, instead of England, Scotland, and Wales fielding their own teams, two unified teams, the Great Britain Royals and the Great Britain Lions, took part in the Grand Prix.

Rugby sevens at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Rugby sevens at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held over six days in August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro. The 2016 Olympics was the debut for rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics, though rugby union was last played at the 1924 games.

The usual laws of rugby sevens applied.
2023 opinion polling on the Biden administration
This is a list of opinion polls taken on the presidency of Joe Biden in 2023. To navigate between years, see opinion polling on the Biden administration. For 2024–2025 opinion polling, see 2024–2025 opinion polling on the Biden administration.

According to analysis by Gallup, Biden's average approval rating in 2023 was 39.8%. Compared with presidents going back to Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Gallup Poll only recorded one president, Jimmy Carter, as having a lower average approval rating in their third year (37.4%). Notably, this is the first year in which Joe Biden's average approval rating was lower than his predecessor's at the same point in their terms (Donald Trump's average in 2019 was 42.0%). Biden's low approval ratings in 2023 were attributed to continued disapproval over the economy, immigration, and Biden's age as well as his response to the outbreak of the Gaza war in October.

2019 opinion polling on the Trump administration
This is a list of opinion polls taken on the First presidency of Donald Trump in 2019. Polls throughout the year revealed that more disapproved of Trump than approved of him, generally by a margin of between five and fifteen percentage points. The polls also revealed that the margin may have been stronger or weaker in some states, when compared with the national polls.
2014 Grand Prix de Futsal
The 2014 Grand Prix de Futsal was the ninth edition of the international futsal competition of the same kind as the FIFA Futsal World Cup but with invited nations and held annually in Brazil. It was first held in 2005.

Grand Prix de Futsal
The Grand Prix de Futsal (Brazil International Futsal Cup) is an international futsal competition of the same kind of the FIFA Futsal World Cup but with invited nations and held annually in Brazil. It was first held in 2005.
SS Athinai
SS Athinai was a Greek passenger steamship that was built in England in 1908 and sank in the North Atlantic in 1915. She was built to be a transatlantic ocean liner, but she served also as a troop ship.

Athinai sank as the result of a fire in one of her cargo holds, which seemed to have been caused deliberately. In 1916 a US court convicted three German citizens of causing the fire.

Marconi Company
The Marconi Company was a British telecommunications and engineering company founded by Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi in 1897 which was a pioneer of wireless long distance communication and mass media broadcasting, eventually becoming one of the UK's most successful manufacturing companies.

Its roots were in the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which underwent several changes in name after mergers and acquisitions. In 1999, its defence equipment manufacturing division, Marconi Electronic Systems, merged with British Aerospace (BAe) to form BAE Systems. In 2006, financial difficulties led to the collapse of the remaining company, with the bulk of the business acquired by the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson.
Lake Muir, Western Australia
Lake Muir is a rural locality of the Shire of Manjimup in the South West region of Western Australia. The South Western Highway forms the south-western border of the locality while the Muir Highway forms its northern one. Parts of Shannon National Park as well as most of Lake Muir National Park and all of Lake Muir and Boyndaminup National Park are located in the locality of Lake Muir.

Shire of Manjimup
The Shire of Manjimup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, about 320 kilometres (200 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 7,027 square kilometres (2,713 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Manjimup.
United Free Church of Scotland
The United Free Church of Scotland (UF Church; Scottish Gaelic: An Eaglais Shaor Aonaichte, Scots: The Unitit Free Kirk o Scotland) is a Scottish Presbyterian denomination formed in 1900 by the union of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland (or UP) and the majority of the 19th-century Free Church of Scotland.  The majority of the United Free Church of Scotland united with the Church of Scotland in 1929.

Disruption of 1843
The Disruption of 1843, also known as the Great Disruption, was a schism in 1843 in which 450 evangelical ministers broke away from the Church of Scotland to form the Free Church of Scotland.
The main conflict was over whether the Church of Scotland or the British Government had the power to control clerical positions and benefits.  The Disruption came at the end of a bitter conflict within the Church of Scotland, and had major effects in the church and upon Scottish civic life.