hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic inflammatory condition of the esophagus that involves eosinophils, a type of white blood cell.  In healthy individuals, the esophagus is typically devoid of eosinophils. In EoE, eosinophils migrate to the esophagus in large numbers. When a trigger food is eaten, the eosinophils contribute to tissue damage and inflammation. Symptoms include swallowing difficulty, food impaction, vomiting, and heartburn.

Eosinophilic esophagitis was first described in children but also occurs in adults. The condition is poorly understood, but food allergy may play a significant role. The treatment may consist of removing known or suspected triggers and medication to suppress the immune response. In severe cases, it may be necessary to enlarge the esophagus with an endoscopy procedure.

While knowledge about EoE has been increasing rapidly, diagnosing it can be challenging because the symptoms and histopathologic findings are not specific.

Schatzki ring
A Schatzki ring or Schatzki–Gary ring is a narrowing of the lower esophagus that can cause difficulty swallowing (dysphagia).  The narrowing is caused by a ring of mucosal tissue (which lines the esophagus) or muscular tissue.  A Schatzki ring is a specific type of "esophageal ring", and Schatzki rings are further subdivided into those above the esophagus/stomach junction (A rings), and those found at the squamocolumnar junction in the lower esophagus (B rings).

Patients with Schatzki rings can develop intermittent difficulty swallowing or, more seriously, a completely blocked esophagus. The ring is named after the German-American physician Richard Schatzki.
KVOQ (FM)
KVOQ (102.3 FM) is a public radio station licensed to Greenwood Village, Colorado, and serving the Denver metropolitan area. KVOQ broadcasts an Album Adult Alternative (AAA) radio format known as "Indie 102.3" under the ownership of Colorado Public Radio. It is listener supported and airs no commercials. On-air fundraisers are conducted several times each year.

A 40-watt booster station, 102.3 KVOQ-FM3, is on the air in Boulder to help listeners there better receive the station. It is also simulcast on KNDH (96.7 FM) in Carbondale and its four dependent translators, which CPR acquired in 2021.  In January 2022, Indie 102.3 began to simulcast in Colorado Springs on KEPC (89.7 FM).

ESPN Deportes Radio
ESPN Deportes Radio was an American Spanish language sports radio network created and produced by Disney-owned ESPN. Programming included call-in talk shows and commentary from hosts about a full range of sporting events, including soccer, American football, baseball and boxing.

The network had stations in 15 states in the United States (Arizona, California, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Maryland, Nevada, Oklahoma, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas and Washington). It was also available terrestrially in Puerto Rico and in northern Mexico (by spillover radio signals) and was available nationally in the US on Sirius XM Radio on Channel 149.

The network shut down on September 8, 2019.
Mitchell House (Gentry, Arkansas)
The Mitchell House is a historic house at 115 North Nelson in Gentry, Arkansas.  Built in 1927, it is the finest local example of Craftsman architecture.  It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof that extends over the front porch.  The roof's wide eaves and porch area have exposed rafter ends and large brackets typical of the style, and there are wide shed roof dormers at the front and rear.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Gentry, Arkansas
Gentry is a city in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 3,790 as of the 2020 census. The city was founded in the Ozark Mountains in 1894 along what would become the Kansas City Southern Railroad. The city's prior prosperity in the orchard industry, especially apples, was further strengthened by the rail connection. Following the decline of the apple industry in the 1930s, Gentry shifted its economy towards poultry along with many other areas of Northwest Arkansas.
Microarchitecture simulation
Microarchitecture simulation is an important technique in computer architecture research and computer science education. It is a tool for modeling the design and behavior of a microprocessor and its components, such as the ALU, cache memory, control unit, and data path, among others. The simulation allows researchers to explore the design space as well as to evaluate the performance and efficiency of novel microarchitecture features. For example, several microarchitecture components, such as branch predictors, re-order buffer, and trace cache, went through numerous simulation cycles before they become common components in contemporary microprocessors of today. In addition, the simulation also enables educators to teach computer organization and architecture courses with hand-on experiences.

For system-level simulation of computer hardware, please refer to the full system simulation.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
Roman Libya
The area of North Africa which has been known as Libya since 1911 was under Roman domination between 146 BC and 672 AD (though the region was briefly taken by the Vandals in 430 AD, and then recaptured by the Byzantines).The Latin name Libya at the time referred to the continent of Africa in general, see Ancient Libya. What is now coastal Libya was known as Tripolitania and Pentapolis, divided between the Africa province in the west, and Crete and Cyrenaica in the east. In 296 AD, the Emperor Diocletian separated the administration of Crete from Cyrenaica and in the latter formed the new provinces of "Upper Libya" and "Lower Libya", using the term Libya as a political state for the first time in history.

Legio III Augusta
Legio III Augusta ("Third Augustan Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. Its origin may have been the Republican 3rd Legion which served the general Pompey during his civil war against Gaius Julius Caesar (49–45 BC). It supported the general Octavian (later emperor Augustus) in his civil war against Mark Antony (31–30 BC). It was officially refounded in 30 BC, when Octavian achieved sole mastery of the Roman empire. In that year, it was deployed in the Roman province of Africa, where it remained until at least the late 4th century AD.
Huangdeng Dam
The Huangdeng Dam is a gravity dam recently completed on the Lancang (Mekong) River in Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province, China. The fact that work on the dam was begun without formal approval from the central government was a subject of some controversy.

Construction on the dam began in 2010 and its 1,900 MW hydroelectric power station was initially planned to be operational in 2016, with the entire project complete in 2018. The first unit was put into operation in July 2018 and the dam was fully commissioned in January 2019.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
2023 Taça de Portugal final
The 2023 Taça de Portugal final was the last match of the 2022–23 Taça de Portugal, which decided the winner of the 83rd season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier knockout cup competition in Portuguese football. It was played on 4 June 2023 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, between Primeira Liga sides Braga and Porto.

Braga played their eight final in the competition, having last appeared in the 2021 final when they defeated Benfica 2–0 for their third title. Porto played the decisive match for the 33rd time and second consecutive season, having beaten Tondela in the previous season's final to lift the trophy for the 18th time. Braga and Porto have previously played each other in the Taça de Portugal final on three occasions, with Porto winning in 1977 and 1998, and Braga winning their most recent meeting in 2016.

Estádio Nacional
The Estádio Nacional (English: National Stadium), also known as Centro Desportivo Nacional do Jamor (English: Jamor National Sports Centre), is a football stadium. It is located in the civil parish of Algés, Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, in the municipality of Oeiras, in the southwestern part of Lisbon District.

The Portugal national team played 46 matches at the stadium from 1945 to 1987, then played additional friendlies in 1999, 2003, 2014 and 2024. The venue was used by B-SAD from 2018 to 2022 and by Casa Pia A.C. in 2022–23, both as a temporary home ground in the Primeira Liga.

The stadium hosted the first ever UEFA club game on 4 September 1955 between Primeira Divisão's third-placed team, Sporting CP, and the Yugoslav champions, Serbian side Partizan Belgrade. It ended as a 3–3 draw and was the first game to be played of the first edition of the European Cup.
Tornado outbreak of May 10–13, 2010
From May 10–13, 2010, a major tornado outbreak affected large areas of Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri, and Arkansas, with the bulk of the activity in central and eastern Oklahoma. Over 60 tornadoes, some large and multiple-vortex in nature, affected large parts of Oklahoma and adjacent parts of southern Kansas and Missouri, with the most destructive tornadoes causing severe damage in southern suburbs of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area and just east of Norman, Oklahoma, where the fatalities were reported from both tornado tracks. The outbreak was responsible for three fatalities, all of which occurred in Oklahoma. Damage was estimated to be over $595 million in central Oklahoma alone.

Tornado activity continued to a lesser extent until May 13, with a few tornadoes occurring across parts of Oklahoma, Missouri, and Arkansas, as the system lingered for several days.

Cleveland County, Oklahoma
Cleveland County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 295,528 at the 2020 United States census, making it the third-most populous county in Oklahoma. Its county seat is Norman. The county was named for U.S. President Grover Cleveland. Cleveland County is part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan statistical area.
Jarvis Brook
Jarvis Brook is a village in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. It lies in the south-east of the Crowborough civil parish, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Crowborough town centre.

In the 2021 Census, the electoral ward of the same name had a population of 4,305.

Around the centre of the village are numerous individual businesses along Crowborough Hill, that acts as a high street and ends at Farningham Road. Crowborough railway station, on the Uckfield branch of the Oxted line, was historically known as Crowborough and Jarvis Brook and serves the village.

To the south, Jarvis Brook has a church that opened in 1876 called the Rethoboth Chapel.

Crowborough railway station
Crowborough railway station is on the Uckfield branch of the Oxted Line in England, serving the town of Crowborough, East Sussex. It is 39 miles 11 chains (63.0 km) from London Bridge.

The station and all trains that call are operated by Southern.
Charles Foster Johnson
Charles Foster Johnson (born April 13, 1953) is an American blogger, software developer, and former jazz guitarist.
He has played on 30 albums, sometimes credited as Icarus Johnson. He started the political blog Little Green Footballs in 2001.

Stanley Clarke
Stanley Clarke (born June 30, 1951) is an American bassist, composer and founding member of Return to Forever, one of the first jazz fusion bands. Clarke gave the bass guitar a prominence it lacked in jazz-related music. He is the first jazz-fusion bassist to headline tours, sell out shows worldwide and have recordings reach gold status.

Clarke is the recipient of five Grammy Awards, with 15 nominations, three as a solo artist, one with the Stanley Clarke Band, and one with Return to Forever. Clarke was selected to become a 2022 recipient of the National Endowment for the Arts Jazz Masters Fellowship.

A Stanley Clarke electric bass is permanently on display at the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C.
Henry Gower
Henry Gower (or Henry de Gower) was a medieval canon lawyer,  college fellow, university chancellor, and bishop.

Gower was a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford in England and Chancellor of the University of Oxford during 1322–24. He was a professor of canon law. He was briefly Archdeacon of St David's in Wales before becoming Bishop of St David's from 1328 to 1347.

Bishop of St Davids
The Bishop of St Davids is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St Davids.

The succession of bishops stretches back to Saint David who in the 6th century established his seat in what is today the city of St Davids in Pembrokeshire, founding St Davids Cathedral. The most recent former bishop of St Davids was Joanna Penberthy, who retired on 31 July 2023. On 17 October 2023, Dorrien Davies, Archdeacon of Carmarthen, was elected to become the next Bishop; the confirmation of his election (where he legally became Bishop) happened on 29 November 2023 and his episcopal consecration took place on 27 January 2024 at Bangor Cathedral.
Zurcherella
Zurcherella is a Lower Cretaceous (Upper Barremian - Upper Aptian desmoceratid ammonite from France and Colombia (Apón and Yuruma Formations, La Guajira). Its shell is moderately compressed and rather involute (outer whorls covering most of the inner), with fine sinuous ribs that arise some distance above the umbilical rim. Zurcherella differs from its descendant Uhligella in that in the latter, ribs arise from the umbilical shoulder.

Zurcherella is the earliest of the desmoceratid subfamily Beudanticeratinae, which includes among others, Uhligella, Beudanticeras, and Beudantiella.

Desmoceratidae
Desmoceratidae is a family belonging to the ammonite superfamily Desmoceratoidea.  They are an extinct group of ammonoids, shelled cephalopods related to squid, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids, that lived between the  Lower Cretaceous (Upper Valanginian) and Upper
Cretaceous (Upper Maastrichtian).
Hunted (Gardner novel)
Hunted is a science fiction novel written by Canadian author James Alan Gardner, and published in the year 2000 by HarperCollins Publishers under its various imprints. The novel is the fourth in Gardner's "League of Peoples" series, after Expendable (1997), Commitment Hour (1998), and Vigilant (1999).

Expendable
Expendable is a science fiction novel by the Canadian author James Alan Gardner, published in 1997 by HarperCollins Publishers under its various imprints. It is the first book in a series involving the "League of Peoples", an assemblage of advanced species in the Milky Way galaxy.  There is a "sub-series" involving just the character Festina Ramos, and sometimes the female Oar.

The novel introduces many concepts in Gardner's "League of Peoples" universe, such as the Explorer Corps, Sentient Citizens, and the League itself.
Koschagyl
46°50′45″N 53°48′17″E﻿ / ﻿46.84583°N 53.80472°E﻿ / 46.84583; 53.80472

Koschagyl, also known as Qosshaghyl, (Kazakh: Қосшағыл, Qosşağyl, قوسشاعىل) is a town in Atyrau Region, southwest Kazakhstan. It lies at an altitude of 24 m (79 ft) below sea level.

Atyrau Region
Atyrau Region (Kazakh: Атырау облысы, romanized: Atyrau oblysy; Russian: Атырауская область), formerly known as Guryev Region (Russian: Гурьевская область) until 1991, is one of the regions of Kazakhstan, in the western part of the country around the northeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Atyrau, with a population of 355,117; the region itself has a population of 681,241, of which Kazakhs make up more than 90%.
Pseudorthoceratidae
Pseudorthoceratidae is an extinct family of actively mobile aquatic carnivorous cephalopods belonging to the subclass Orthoceratoidea. ITt is endemic to what would be North America, Asia, and Europe during the Silurian living from 460.5—251 Ma, existing for approximately 209.5 million years.

These animals may have been similar to the modern squid, except for the long shell. The internal structure of the shell consists of concavo-convex chambers linked by a centrally-placed tube called a siphuncle.

Orthoceratoidea
Orthoceratoidea, from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), meaning "straight", and κέρας (kéras), meaning "horn", is a major subclass of nautiloid cephalopods. Members of this subclass usually have orthoconic (straight) to slightly cyrtoconic (curved) shells, and central to subcentral siphuncles which may bear internal deposits. Orthoceratoids are also characterized by dorsomyarian muscle scars (a small number of large scars concentrated at the top of the body chamber), extensive cameral deposits, and calciosiphonate connecting rings with a porous and calcitic inner layer.

Currently, Orthoceratoidea comprises the orders Riocerida, Dissidocerida, Actinocerida, Pseudorthocerida, Lituitida and Orthocerida. Orthocerida is a noteworthy paraphyletic order which is ancestral to the major cephalopod groups such as the extinct ammonoids and living coleoids (cephalopods without external shells, including squids, octopus, cuttlefish, etc.).
Breeze Airways
Breeze Airways, legally Breeze Aviation Group, Inc., is an American low-cost airline headquartered in Cottonwood Heights, Utah. It was founded by David Neeleman, who previously co-founded Morris Air, WestJet, JetBlue, and Azul Linhas Aereas. Breeze's operations launched on May 27, 2021, with its inaugural flight from Tampa International Airport to Charleston International Airport.

Morris Air
Morris Air was a low-fare airline in the Western United States, based in Salt Lake City, Utah. It began scheduled operations in 1992, and was sold to Southwest Airlines in December 1993 for over $120 million in stock. The airline officially became part of Southwest in the autumn of 1994. Morris Air was the first airline in the world to invent e-ticket (ticketless) travel based on the suggestion of Stuart Thatcher, an employee at the time. Although Southwest Airlines is often credited with offering the first e-ticketing system, it was in fact created and implemented by Morris Air and later integrated into Southwest Airlines after Southwest purchased Morris Air.
Route 5 (Paraguay)
National Route 5 (in Spanish, Ruta Nacional Número 5 "Gral. Bernardino Caballero", or simply Ruta Quinta) is a highway in northern Paraguay, it runs from Fortín Pilcomayo to Pedro Juan Caballero. It crosses 3 departments, Presidente Hayes, Concepcion, and Amambay.

Amambay Department
Amambay (Spanish pronunciation: [amamˈbaj]) is a department in Paraguay. The capital is Pedro Juan Caballero.

The name comes from the name of a part of the Caaguazú Cordillera, "Amambai Mountains". Amambay is the name of a fern, typical of the forest in the region.
2022 Arizona Secretary of State election
The 2022 Arizona Secretary of State election was held on Tuesday, November 8, to elect the next Secretary of State of Arizona. Incumbent Secretary of State Katie Hobbs declined to run for a second term, to instead run for governor. Primary elections were held on August 2, 2022. Democrat and former Maricopa County recorder Adrian Fontes defeated Republican representative Mark Finchem by 4.8%.

Finchem was backed by the America First Secretary of State Coalition, a Republican group supporting Secretary of State candidates who championed the far-right conspiracy theory that falsely claimed that Donald Trump won the 2020 United States presidential election. Due to a combination of Arizona's role as a swing state in the previous presidential election, Finchem's views, and the role of the Secretary of State in certifying elections, the race took upon an uncharacteristically high national profile.

Arizona's 15th legislative district
Arizona's 15th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of sections of Maricopa County and Pinal County. As of 2023, there are 45 precincts in the district, 26 in Maricopa and 19 in Pinal, with a total registered voter population of  154,450. The district has an overall population of 240,028.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Republican.
Glenogle Formation
The Glenogle Formation or Glenogle Shale is a stratigraphic unit of Ordovician (Arenigian to early Caradocian) age. It is present on the western edge of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in southeastern British Columbia. It consists primarily of black shale and was named for Glenogle Creek in the Kicking Horse River area by L.D. Burling in 1923.

The formation is known for its fossil graptolites.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
Calw (electoral district)
Calw is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 280. It is located in western Baden-Württemberg, comprising the districts of Calw and Freudenstadt.

Calw was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2021, it has been represented by Klaus Mack of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Calw (district)
Calw is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Karlsruhe, Enz, the district-free city Pforzheim, Böblingen, Freudenstadt and Rastatt.
Rækker Mølle
Rækker Mølle is a village, with a population of 334 (1 January 2025), in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is located 34 km southwest of Herning, 11 km southwest of Videbæk, 12 km north of Skjern and 22 km southeast of Ringkøbing.

Rækker Mølle Håndbold (Rækker Mølle Handball) is the local handball team in the village currently (2024–25) playing in the Danish 1st Division.

Videbæk
Videbæk is a town, with a population of 4,351 (1 January 2025), located in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, Region Midtjylland, at the road between Ringkøbing and Herning. It was the municipal seat of the former Videbæk Municipality.

Videbæk is known for Per Arnoldi's large corten steel sculpture in the shape of a V, known as "The V", which is found at a roundabout at the entrance to the town.  The sculpture was dedicated on 15 August 1996.