hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
French Worsted Company Mill Historic District
The French Worsted Company Mill Historic District encompassed a historic mill complex in Woonsocket, Rhode Island.  Bounded by Hamlet Avenue, Davison Avenue, and Manville Road, a complex of sixteen brick buildings was built between 1906 and the late 1920s. The complex was home to the French Worsted Company, a manufacturer established with funds from French investors brought over by Aram Pothier, the Quebec-born mayor of Woonsocket.  The company engaged in the manufacture of fine worsted wool yarns.  The company survived the Great Depression and competition from Southern mills, but finally failed in 1969.  The buildings were then converted to a variety of light manufacturing interests.

The mill district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 21, 2008.  It was demolished in 2012.

Woonsocket, Rhode Island
Woonsocket (/wʊnˈsɒkɪt, wən-/ ⓘ wuun-SOK-it, wən-), is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 43,240 at the 2020 census, making it the sixth largest city in the state. Being Rhode Island's northernmost city, Woonsocket lies directly south of the Massachusetts state line and constitutes part of both the Providence metropolitan area and the larger Greater Boston Combined Statistical Area.

The city is the corporate headquarters of CVS Health, a pharmacy services provider. It is home to Landmark Medical Center, the Museum of Work and Culture, and the American-French Genealogical Society.
2016 CIS football season
The 2016 CIS football season began on August 28 with ten Ontario University Athletics teams playing that day. The season concluded on November 26 with the 52nd Vanier Cup championship at Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton, Ontario. In 2016, 27 university teams were scheduled to play Canadian Interuniversity Sport football, the highest level of amateur Canadian football.

During the 2016 season, CIS adopted the new name of U Sports, with the name change officially taking effect on October 20.

52nd Vanier Cup
The 2016 Vanier Cup (branded as the ArcelorMittal Dofasco Vanier Cup for sponsorship reasons), the 52nd edition of the Canadian university football championship, took place on Saturday, November 26, 2016 at Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton, Ontario. Hamilton was awarded both the 2016 and 2017 Vanier Cup games, respectively the fourth and fifth to be hosted by Hamilton.

The RSEQ Champion Laval Rouge et Or defeated the Canada West Champion Calgary Dinos by a score of 31–26. This was the tenth appearance in the Vanier Cup game for both programs, with Laval having now won nine titles and Calgary four.
Swinscowia bispora
Swinscowia bispora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Strigulaceae. Described as new to science in 2014, it is found in Korea. This lichen forms a thin, smooth, metallic grey film up to about 5 cm across on oak tree bark, with small black rounded fruiting bodies that are partially buried in the bark surface. It is distinguished by having only two very large ascospores in each spore sac, unlike most lichens which typically contain eight smaller spores.

Strigulaceae
Strigulaceae is a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi, one of two families in the order Strigulales (class Dothideomycetes). A molecular analysis of the type genus, Strigula, has led to a reallocation of the foliicolous species into six genera that correspond to well-delimited clades with diagnostic phenotype features. These lichens live almost exclusively in tropical rainforests, where they grow as thin films on the surface of living leaves rather than on bark or rock like many other lichens. The family includes around 140 species distributed across multiple continents, making them one of the most widespread groups of leaf-dwelling organisms. DNA studies have revealed that what scientists once thought was a single large genus actually represents several distinct evolutionary lineages.
Chari Kshetra
Chari Kshetra (literally four holy regions) is a group of four holy regions in the Indian state of Odisha. According to tradition, when Vishnu killed the demon Gayasura, to commemorate the glory of his victory, he placed his shankha (conch) in Puri, chakra (discus) in Bhubaneswar, gada (mace) in Jajpur and padma (lotus) in Konark and they were known as Sankha Kshetra, Chakra Kshetra, Gada Kshetra, and Padma Kshetra respectively.

Panchajanya
Panchajanya (Sanskrit: पाञ्चजन्य, IAST: Pāñcajanya) is the shankha (conch) of the Hindu preserver deity Vishnu, one of his four primary attributes. The Panchajanya symbolises the five elements, and is considered to produce the primeval sound of creation when blown.
2010 Toronto Nationals season
The 2010 Toronto Nationals season was the second for the franchise.  After playing their 2009 season at BMO Field, the Nationals moved their home games to Lamport Stadium for their second season.  Coming off a Steinfeld Cup victory in 2009, the Nationals were unable to repeat this achievement.  They finished last in the league in 2010 and failed to qualify for the playoffs with a 3-9 record. Brodie Merrill won the Major League Lacrosse Defensive player of the Year Award and was named to the All-MLL team as a defenseman.

Steinfeld Trophy
The Steinfeld Trophy was a trophy given annually to the winners of the Major League Lacrosse (MLL) championship. The trophy is contested in a 4-team playoff where the top teams (based on regular season record) compete in a single-elimination format. In 2002 and since 2014, the semifinals and the championship game are on separate weekends. The award is named after MLL co-founder Jake Steinfeld. Since the league's inception, the championship has been played at a pre-designated neutral location.
2022 Kate Sheppard Cup
The 2022 Kate Sheppard Cup was New Zealand's women's 28th annual knockout football competition. This was the fifth year that the competition is known by the Kate Sheppard Cup, or New Zealand Football Foundation Kate Sheppard Cup for sponsorship purposes, after previously been known as the Women's Knockout Cup since its establishment. The cup has had thirteen different winners lift the trophy over its 28-year history with Lynn-Avon United from Auckland being the most successful and Wellington United being the current holders from the 2021 season.

The 2022 competition had four rounds before quarter-finals, semi-finals, and a final. Competition ran in three regions (northern, central/capital, southern) until the quarter-finals, from which stage the draw will be open. In all, 56 teams entered the competition this year which means the cup had a preliminary round added for the Mainland region.

New Zealand football league system
The New Zealand league system is the structure of leagues nationally and regionally, updated for the 2021 season. The system previously had a path from grassroots to the top flight but that stopped in 2004, with the New Zealand Football Championship being created as a replacement to the former New Zealand National Soccer League.

The current top flight of New Zealand Football is the National League, which had its inaugural season in 2021.

The top 4 Divisions of the Northern Region Football leagues for both men and women (Tiers 2–5) were restructured for the 2023 season.
Wisk'achani (Ingavi)
Wisk'achani (Aymara wisk'acha a rodent, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the viscacha", Hispanicized spelling Viscachani) is a  4,585-metre-high (15,043 ft) mountain in the Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province, Jesús de Machaca Municipality, north-east of Ch'ama (Chama). Wisk'achani lies north of the mountain Imill Wawani, north-east of Jisk'a Sallalla and Sallalla and south-east of Q'ullq'uni. The river Wila Jaqhi Jahuira ("red rock river", Wila Jakke Jahuira) originates east of the mountain. It flows to the north-east.

Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range
The Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range (also spelled Kimsachata, Aymara and Quechua kimsa three, Pukina chata mountain, "three mountains", Hispanicized spellings Quimsachata, Quimsa Chata) is situated in Bolivia south east of Wiñaymarka Lake, the southern part of Lake Titicaca, in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province. The range is named after one of highest mountains, the Kimsa Chata complex rising up to 4,735 metres (15,535 ft) about 15 km south of  Tiwanaku.

The range stretches from north to south-east almost parallel to the Taraco range north of it. Wakira River flows through the valley between the two ranges and Jach'a Jawira flows along its southern slopes.
Ashraf Abbasov
Ashraf Jalal oghlu Abbasov (Azerbaijani: Əşrəf Cəlal oğlu Abbasov, 23 March 1920–8 February 1992) was an Azerbaijani composer, professor, Honored Art Worker of the Azerbaijan SSR, People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR.

Azerbaijan National Conservatory Music College
The Baku Musical College (now the Azerbaijan National Conservatory Music College) is a state college of professional secondary education in Baku and one of the leading secondary musical schools of Azerbaijan.
Villa Maarheeze
Villa Maarheeze was home of the Dutch foreign intelligence service Inlichtingendienst Buitenland, a service that existed from the end of World War II to 1994. The villa is located in the city of Wassenaar, at Rijksstraatweg 675, but is no longer in use by the Dutch government.

Villa Maarheeze was established in 1914 and is a Rijksmonument.

Villa Maarheeze was also used as name of a work on the Foreign Intelligence Service, Villa Maarheeze: de geschiedenis van de inlichtingendienst buitenland (1998), a book written by Bob de Graaff and Cees Wiebes.

Wassenaar
Wassenaar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɑsənaːr] ⓘ; population: 26,949 in 2021) is a municipality and town located in the province of South Holland, on the western coast of the Netherlands.

An affluent suburb of The Hague, Wassenaar lies 10 km (6 mi) north of that city on the N44/A44 highway near the North Sea coast. It is part of the Haaglanden region and the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area. The municipality covers an area of 62.40 km2 (24.09 sq mi), of which 11.29 km2 (4.36 sq mi) is covered by water.

Wassenaar is home to some of the Netherlands' richest residential neighborhoods as well as the country's most expensive street, the Konijnenlaan.
1886 Altrincham by-election
The 1886 Altrincham by-election was held on 26 March 1886 after the incumbent Conservative MP, John Baguley Brooks died.  The seat was retained and won by the Conservative candidate, Sir William Cunliffe Brooks.

Altrincham (UK Parliament constituency)
Altrincham was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 to 1945. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Harding Street Station
The Harding Street Station (formerly Elmer W. Stout Generating Station) is a 12-unit, 1,196 MW nameplate capacity, gas, coal, and oil-fired generating station located at 3700 S. Harding St., in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. It is owned by AES Indiana (formerly known as Indianapolis Power & Light), a subsidiary of AES. Completed in 1973, Harding Street Station's tallest chimneys are 565 feet (172 m) in height.

Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula SO2. It is a colorless gas with a pungent smell that is responsible for the odor of burnt matches. It is released naturally by volcanic activity and is produced as a by-product of metals refining and the burning of sulfur-bearing hydrocarbon fuels.

Sulfur dioxide is somewhat toxic to humans, although only when inhaled in relatively large quantities for a period of several minutes or more. It was known to medieval alchemists as "volatile spirit of sulfur".
Brovary
Brovary (Ukrainian: Бровари, IPA: [browɐˈrɪ] ⓘ; Yiddish: בראָוואַר, romanized: Brovar) is a city in Kyiv Oblast, northern Ukraine, situated to the east of the capital Kyiv and part of the Kyiv metropolitan area. It serves as the administrative centre of Brovary Raion. Brovary hosts the administration of Brovary urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. In 2024, about 100,000 people live in the city.

Kyiv metropolitan area
The Kyiv metropolitan area (Ukrainian: Київська агломерація, romanized: Kyivska ahlomeratsiia) is an unofficially designated urban agglomeration within the outer boundary of Kyiv Oblast in Ukraine. The metropolitan area is not officially defined, but it generally includes Kyiv and surrounding suburban and satellite settlements within Kyiv Oblast that are closely integrated with the capital through commuting, economic activity, and infrastructure.  It is ranked among the 10 largest metropolitan areas in Europe.
1931 Central State Bearcats football team
The 1931 Central State Bearcats football team represented Central State Teachers College, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1931 college football season. In their first season under head coach George Van Bibber, the Bearcats compiled a 4–3 record (2–1 against MCC opponents), held five of seven opponents to seven or fewer point, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 95 to 58. The team defeated its in-state rival Michigan State Normal (20–12), lost to rival Western State Teachers (6–7), and also lost to Big Ten Conference champion Michigan (0–27).

Van Bibber was named Central State's head football coach in May 1931. He replaced Butch Nowack who left Central State to accept a coaching position at Indiana. Van Bibber had played football, basketball, and baseball at Purdue.

1931 Western State Teachers Hilltoppers football team
The 1931 Western State Teachers Hilltoppers football team represented Western State Teachers College (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1931 college football season.  In their third season under head coach Mike Gary, the Hilltoppers compiled a 5–2 record and outscored their opponents, 86 to 51. Fullback Al Briggs was the team captain.
NGC 7004
NGC 7004 is a lenticular galaxy and a type 2 Seyfert galaxy around 330 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Indus. NGC 7004 has an estimated diameter of 140,000 light-years. NGC 7004 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on October 2, 1834. NGC 7004 is a member of a group of galaxies known as [T2015] nest 200093. The group contains 12 member galaxies including NGC 7002,  has a velocity dispersion of 440 km/s and an estimated mass of 1.28 × 1014 M☉. NGC 7004 is also host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 8.1 × 108 M☉.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Laird of Burnbrae
Laird of Burnbrae was a hereditary title in Scotland that was held by several generations in the Primrose family. The Lands of Burnbrae was situated near Kincardine, and has since been joined with Kincardine.

The book, Culross and Tulliallan, states that the Lands of Burnbrae were previously held by the Blaw family until it was passed on to the Primrose family when Margaret Blaw married Archibald Primrose, who then became the first proprietor of that name to hold the lands of Burnbrae. The Primrose family held the title to the Lands of Burnbrae for over two hundred years until it became incorporated with the Tulliallan estate.

The Lairds of Burnbrae resided in Tulliallan, formerly in Perthshire, Scotland although in some early sources Tulliallan is cited as part of Fife, where it currently lies. The family is related to the Lord Dalmeny (a subordinate title of the Earl of Rosebery), whose family surname is also Primrose.

Tulliallan
Tulliallan (Gaelic tulach-aluinn, 'Beautiful knoll') was an estate in Perthshire, Scotland, near to Kincardine, and a parish.
The Blackadder lairds of Tulliallan, a branch of the Blackadder border clan, wielded considerable power in the 15th and 16th centuries.
The modern Tulliallan Castle is relatively recent, built in 1812-1820 and now the home of the Scottish Police College
Unconscionability
Unconscionability (sometimes known as unconscionable dealing/conduct in Australia) is a doctrine in contract law that describes terms that are so extremely unjust, or overwhelmingly one-sided in favor of the party who has the superior bargaining power, that they are contrary to good conscience.  Typically, an unconscionable contract is held to be unenforceable because no reasonable or informed person would otherwise agree to it. The perpetrator of the conduct is not allowed to benefit, because the consideration offered is lacking, or is so obviously inadequate, that to enforce the contract would be unfair to the party seeking to escape the contract.

Unenforceable
An unenforceable contract or transaction is one that is valid but one the court will not enforce. Unenforceable is usually used in contradiction to void (or void ab initio) and voidable. If the parties perform the agreement, it will be valid, but the court will not compel them if they do not.

An "agreement to agree", where a purported contract contains an obligation to enter into a subsequent agreement in the future, the terms of which are not certain at the time of the initial agreement, is generally considered to lack sufficient certainty to constitute a legally enforceable contract and is therefore unenforceable. However, an agreement under which "the parties contemplate entering into a further, more formal, agreement later" may be enforceable.
Northampton College
Northampton College is a further education college in Northampton, England, which opened in 1973, following building work which started in 1970.

The college's main campus is at Booth Lane which provides almost all courses offered, and later expanded to include its Daventry campus after merging with Daventry Tertiary College in August 2004, and its Lower Mounts campus after its facility in the town centre was extended in 2010. The Booth Lane campus has just undergone a massive redevelopment, reopening for study in 2012.

The college is one of the largest further education colleges in the South Midlands, with around 7,000 full-time and part-time students.

University of Northampton
The University of Northampton is a public university based in Northampton, Northamptonshire, England. It was formed in 1975 as Nene College of Higher Education by the amalgamation of a number of training colleges and gained university college status as University College Northampton in 1999 and full university status as the University of Northampton in 2005.
Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand
The COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand has had far-reaching consequences on the country that went beyond the spread of the disease itself and efforts to eliminate it, including education, faith communities, Māori, mass gatherings, sports, recreation, and travel. In addition, there were several recorded cases of lockdown violations, leaks, and misinformation about the COVID-19 virus and vaccines.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
Pukara (Condesuyos)
Pukara (Aymara and Quechua for fortress, Hispanicized spelling Pucara) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Condesuyos Province, Cayarani District. Pukara lies southeast of Yana Yana.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Duke Mu of Qin
Duke Mu of Qin (died 621 BC), born Ying Renhao, was a duke of the state of Qin. Sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Mu greatly expanded the territory of Qin during the reign of King Xiang of Zhou. He was also known for his many talented advisors, such as Baili Xi, Jian Shu (蹇叔), Pi Bao (丕豹), and Gong Sun (公孫).

King Xiang of Zhou
King Xiang of Zhou (died 619 BC), personal name Ji Zheng, was a king of the Zhou dynasty of China. He succeeded his father King Hui to the throne.

He married Lady of the Dí, but later dismissed her.

In 635, King Xiang was driven from the capital by his brother Dai and was restored by Duke Wen of Jin.

After his death, he was succeeded by his son, King Qing.
Envelope (waves)
In physics and engineering, the envelope of an oscillating signal is a smooth curve outlining its extremes. The envelope thus generalizes the concept of a constant amplitude into an instantaneous amplitude. The figure illustrates a modulated sine wave varying between an upper envelope and a lower envelope. The envelope function may be a function of time, space, angle, or indeed of any variable.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
2020 Billie Jean King Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool A (Wellington)
Pool A (Wellington) of the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of four pools in the Asia/Oceania zone of the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group I.

2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II zonal competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Using the positions determined in their pools, the eighteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II. The top two teams advanced to Group I for 2022.