hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S. Sellamuttu
Sangarapully "Sangare" Sellamuttu, OBE (Tamil: சங்கரப்பிள்ளை செல்லமுத்து, 25 February 1916 – 1993) was a Sri Lankan politician and philanthropist. He was a member of the Colombo Municipal Council and was elected Mayor of Colombo in 1951.

Educated at the Royal College, Colombo. He became private assistant to Sir Chittampalam Gardiner in 1944 and was appointed to the board of directors of Ceylon Theatres Ltd in 1946. In 1974 he became its chairman.

He was one of the founders of the Colombo Hindu College. and played a major role in the reconstruction of the Sri Sarwarjha Sidhi Vinayagar Temple in Modera. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1953 New Year Honours.

Mayor of Colombo
The Mayor of Colombo is the elected head of the Colombo Municipal Council. The post was created in 1866 when the Colombo Municipal Council was established by the Legislative Council of Ceylon. The mayor is assisted by the deputy mayor and a Municipal Commissioner.The current mayor is Vraîe Cally Balthazaar, who took office on 16 June 2025.
Night Flight (Justin Hayward album)
Night Flight is a studio album by Moody Blues frontman Justin Hayward, released on Decca Records in 1980.  It was reissued on CD in September 1989.

The album came about as a result of Hayward's involvement in Jeff Wayne's musical adaptation of War of the Worlds.  Wayne produced and arranged the album, which proved to be one of the lengthiest recording experiences of Hayward's career.  The music was mostly pop and dance oriented, and most of the tracks were romantic love songs.

The title track was the last to be recorded for the album.

In April 2004, the album was remastered and released on CD with two extra tracks.

Gary Osborne
Gary Osborne (born 1949 in London) is an English singer and songwriter. He chaired The Songwriters Executive of the British Academy Of Songwriters Composers and Authors for 12 years during which time he was also chairman of The Ivor Novello Awards.
Osborne's early career included presenting the 1960s radio show Cool Britania on the BBC World Service and a stint with RCA Records in its A&R department.
Waterville Main Street Historic District
The Waterville Main Street Historic District encompasses the best-preserved portions of the historical commercial downtown area of Waterville, Maine.  Developed most intensively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, this area was the center of commerce for Waterville and the surrounding rural communities.  It encompasses 25 properties on Main and Common Streets, including the Waterville Opera House and City Hall.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012, and was slightly enlarged in 2016.

Waterville, Maine
Waterville is a city in Kennebec County, Maine, United States, on the west bank of the Kennebec River. A college town, the city is home to Colby College, a NESCAC college, and Thomas College.

As of the 2020 census the population was 15,828. Along with Augusta, Waterville is one of the principal cities of the Augusta-Waterville, ME Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Projected dynamical system
Projected dynamical systems is a mathematical theory investigating the behaviour of dynamical systems where solutions are restricted to a constraint set. The discipline shares connections to and applications with both the static world of optimization and equilibrium problems and the dynamical world of ordinary differential equations. A projected dynamical system is given by the flow to the projected differential equation

where K is our constraint set. Differential equations of this form are notable for having a discontinuous vector field.

Flow (mathematics)
In mathematics, a flow formalizes the idea of the motion of particles in a fluid.  Flows are ubiquitous in science, including engineering and physics. The notion of flow is basic to the study of ordinary differential equations. Informally, a flow may be viewed as a continuous motion of points over time. More formally, a flow is a group action of the real numbers on a set.

The idea of a vector flow, that is, the flow determined by a vector field, occurs in the areas of differential topology, Riemannian geometry and Lie groups. Specific examples of vector flows include the geodesic flow, the Hamiltonian flow, the Ricci flow, the mean curvature flow, and Anosov flows.  Flows may also be defined for systems of random variables and stochastic processes, and occur in the study of ergodic dynamical systems.  The most celebrated of these is perhaps the Bernoulli flow.
Strobocalyx
Strobocalyx is a genus of Asian, African, Pacific Island, and South American plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae. It is sometimes regarded as part of the genus Vernonia.

Species

Strobocalyx arborea Sch.Bip. - Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, southern China

Strobocalyx bockiana (Diels) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley, Skvarla & R.Chan - southern China

Strobocalyx chunii (C.C.Chang) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley, Skvarla & R.Chan - Hainan

Strobocalyx glandulosa (DC.) Sch.Bip. - Venezuela

Strobocalyx insularum Sch.Bip. - Fiji

Strobocalyx pyrrhopappa Sch.Bip. - Philippines

Strobocalyx solanifolia (Benth.) Sch.Bip. - southern China, India, Indochina

Strobocalyx sylvatica (Dunn) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley, Skvarla & R.Chan - southern China

Strobocalyx vidalii (Merr.) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley, Skvarla & R.Chan - Philippines

formerly included

numerous species now regarded as members of other genera: Brenandendron Decaneuropsis Monosis Tarlmounia

Vernonieae
Vernonieae is a tribe of about 1300 species of plants in the aster family.  They are mostly found in the tropics and warmer temperate areas, both in the Americas and the Old World. They are mostly herbaceous plants or shrubs, although there is at least one tree species, Strobocalyx arborea.
Art Elective Programme (Singapore)
The Art Elective Program (AEP) is offered by schools in Singapore that have obtained permission from the Ministry of Education. This programme is also known as Higher Art and can also be offered as a Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (O-level) subject.

Lessons for the AEP are usually conducted in a separate classroom, sometimes after regular classes. Schools that offer AEP as a subject normally have an art room, a media lab and facilities to store and use art materials. In AEP, students learn how to design or work with digital art programs such as Adobe Illustrator. Techniques with basic media such as pencil, pen, and paint are taught.

The lessons also include Study Of the Visual Arts (SOVA), in which the students are taught to analyze works by renowned artists.

Ministry of Education (Singapore)
The Ministry of Education (MOE; Malay: Kementerian Pendidikan; Chinese: 教育部; Tamil: கல்வி அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the education in Singapore.
For Life (Phases album)
For Life is the second and to date final studio album by American indie-pop supergroup Phases, the first under their current moniker after its predecessor, Suicide Pact, was released under their original name JJAMZ in 2012.

The single "I'm In Love with My Life" was used in an ad for The Honest Company.

Suicide Pact
Suicide Pact is the debut album by Los Angeles–based supergroup JJAMZ (later known as Phases), released by Dangerbird Records on July 10, 2012. It was released on CD and vinyl on July 17, 2012. A free download of the single, "Heartbeat" can be obtained on their website. It is the band's only album under the JJAMZ moniker and only to feature James Valentine.
Ettlingen
Ettlingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɛtlɪŋən] ⓘ; South Franconian: Eddlinge) is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of the city of Karlsruhe and approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) from the border with Lauterbourg, in France's Bas-Rhin department. Ettlingen is the second largest town in the district of Karlsruhe, after Bruchsal.

Malsch
Malsch (German pronunciation: [malʃ]) is a municipality in the district of Karlsruhe, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 15 km south of Karlsruhe, and 10 km east of Rastatt, at the eastern border of the Upper Rhine Plain.

Beside the main town, it consists of the incorporated villages Sulzbach, Waldprechtsweier and Völkersbach, the latter located higher in the Black Forest.
Sanahcat Municipality
Sanahcat Municipality is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán. It contains 54.93 square kilometres (21.21 sq mi) of land and is located roughly 52 kilometres (32 mi) southeast of the city of Mérida. It is bounded on the north by Hocabá – Xocchel, on the south by Huhí, on the east Kantunil, and the west by Homún. In the Yucatec Maya language, its name means "legume of Tzalam."

Xocchel Municipality
Xocchel Municipality (pronounced [ʃokˈtʃʼel], in the Yucatec Maya Language: “counting jays”) is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing  53.65 km2 of land and located roughly 45 km southeast of the city of Mérida.
Demographics of Puerto Rico
The population of Puerto Rico has been shaped by native American settlement, European colonization especially under the Spanish Empire, slavery and economic migration. Demographic features of the population of Puerto Rico include population density, ethnicity, education of the populace, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico
Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico  began in the early 1500s shortly after the formation of the Spanish state in 1493 (continuing until 1898 as a colony of Spain). Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico can be understood in two senses: ethnic Spanish settlement and Spanish colonial settlement – this article covers both.

The most significant Spanish immigration wave occurred during the colonial period, continuing with smaller numbers arriving during the 20th century to the present day.
The Spanish heritage in Puerto Rico is palpable today in its customs and many traditions, language, and in the old and new architectural designs.
Hypericum holyi
Hypericum holyi is an extinct species of the genus Hypericum that was present from the Lower Miocene to the Upper Miocene. Fossil seeds of the species have been found in Central Europe in general and Central Jutland, Denmark, in particular.

Hypericum
Hypericum /ˌhaɪˈpiːrɪkəm/ is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae (formerly considered a subfamily of Clusiaceae).  The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds.  All members of the genus may be referred to as St. John's wort, and some are known as goatweed. The white or pink flowered marsh St. John's worts of North America and eastern Asia are generally accepted as belonging to the separate genus Triadenum Raf.

Hypericum is unusual for a genus of its size because a worldwide taxonomic monograph was produced for it by Norman Robson (working at the Natural History Museum, London). Robson recognizes 36 sections within Hypericum.
Eikev
Eikev, Ekev, Ekeb, Aikev, or ʿEqeb (Hebrew: עֵקֶב—"if [you follow]," the second word, and the first distinctive word in the parashah) is the 46th weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה‎, parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Deuteronomy. It comprises Deuteronomy 7:12–11:25. The parashah tells of the blessings of obedience to God, the dangers of forgetting God, and directions for taking the Land of Israel. Moses recalls the making and re-making of the Tablets of Stone, the incident of the Golden Calf, Aaron's death, the Levites' duties, and exhortations to serve God.

The parashah is made up of 6865 Hebrew letters, 1747 Hebrew words, 111 verses, and 232 lines in a Torah Scroll (סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה‎, Sefer Torah). Jews generally read it in August or, on rare occasions, late July.

Union for Reform Judaism
The Union for Reform Judaism (URJ), formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC) until 2003, founded in 1873 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise, is the congregational arm of Reform Judaism in North America. The other two arms established by Rabbi Wise are the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion and the Central Conference of American Rabbis. The current president of the URJ is Rabbi Rick Jacobs.

The URJ has an estimated constituency of some 880,000 registered adults in 819 congregations. It claims to represent 2.2 million, as over a third of adult American Jews, including many who are not synagogue members, state affinity with Reform, making it the largest Jewish denomination.  The UAHC was a founding member of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, of which the URJ is the largest constituent by far.
Munich-Allach station
Munich-Allach station is a railway station in the Allach-Untermenzing borough of Munich, Germany.

It is on the Munich - Ingolstadt route, and the first train was seen here in 1867. It is connected to the locomotive factory in the East, formerly Kraus-Maffei, now Siemens Mobility production.

The station is served by the Munich S-Bahn's S2 line.  The line connects Allach to Munich Eastern Station (München Ost), ending in Altomünster or Petershausen in the Northwest, or Erding in North-East.

Munich East station
Munich East station (German: Bahnhof München Ost, also called München Ostbahnhof in regional services) is a major railway station in Munich, the capital of Bavaria, Germany. The station opened in 1871 as Haidhausen station on the Munich–Mühldorf and Munich–Rosenheim railway lines.

DB Station&Service, a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn AG, operates the station. It is classified as a Category 1 station, one of 21 in Germany and one of two in Munich (the other is München Hauptbahnhof).

Munich East is the city's third interregional station, along with München Hauptbahnhof in the city centre and München-Pasing in the west.
Bad Ems (Verbandsgemeinde)
Bad Ems is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. In January 2019 it was merged into the new Verbandsgemeinde Bad Ems-Nassau. Its seat was in Bad Ems.

The Verbandsgemeinde Bad Ems consisted of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

Arzbach

Bad Ems

Becheln

Dausenau

Fachbach

Frücht

Kemmenau

Miellen

Nievern

50°20′17″N 7°42′40″E﻿ / ﻿50.338°N 7.711°E﻿ / 50.338; 7.711

Dausenau
Dausenau is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany. It belongs to the association community of Bad Ems-Nassau.

Dausenau was one of the oldest possessions of the counts of Nassau and the arms thus show the lion of Nassau. The village was granted city rights in 1348, but these were later lost again. The seals of Dausenau showed from at least the 15th century until 1568 a seal with the arms and St. Castor as a supporter. St. Castor is the patron saint of the local church. In an 18th-century seal only the picture of Lady Justice was shown, not a shield with the lion. The present arms were granted in 1937 and go back to the old seal.
Laurent-Benoît Dewez
Laurent-Benoît Dewez (14 April 1731 – 1 November 1812) was a architect of Walloon origin. He is considered the most influential architect in the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) from the second half of the 18th century. His architectural projects are of international stature and introduced a neoclassical style, with Italian and English influences, to the region.  He designed a large number of châteaux, abbeys and churches in Belgium, many of which were damaged after the French Revolution.

Forest Abbey
Forest Abbey (French: Abbaye de Forest) or Vorst Abbey (Dutch: Abdij van Vorst) was a Benedictine abbey located in the Brussels municipality of Forest, Belgium. It was founded in 1105 and existed for nearly 700 years, until its partial destruction by fire in 1764. It was abolished in 1796. Only the abbey's 18th-century outbuildings have been preserved. They are now owned by the municipality and serve as a cultural centre.
Road train
A road train, also known as a land train or long combination vehicle (LCV), is a semi-trailer truck used to move road freight more efficiently than single-trailer semi-trailers. It consists of two semi-trailers or more connected together with or without a prime mover. It typically has to be at least two trailers and one prime mover. Road trains are often used in areas where other forms of heavy transport (freight train, cargo aircraft, container ship) are not feasible or practical.

Short ton
The short ton (abbreviation: tn or st), also known as the US ton, is a measurement unit equal to 2,000 pounds (907.18 kg). It is commonly used in the United States, where it is known simply as a ton; however, the term is ambiguous, the single word "ton" being variously used for short, long, and metric tons.

The various tons are defined as units of mass. They are sometimes used as units of  weight, the force exerted by a mass at standard gravity (e.g., short ton-force). One short ton exerts a weight at one standard gravity of 2,000 pound-force (lbf).
Imja Glacier
Imja Glacier (Nepali: इम्जा हिमनदी) is located in the Himalayas, in the Solukhumbu District of Nepal.

It originates on the western face of Kali Himal, 7,057 metres (23,153 ft), and skirts the southern slopes of Imja Tse or Island Peak, south-east of Mount Everest. It is joined by the Lhotse Shar and Ambulapcha Glaciers. The glacier forms the eastern extent of Imja Tsho, which in turn drains through the Dingboche valley to the Imja Khola, Dudh Kosi, Ganges River and finally the Indian Ocean.

Solukhumbu District
Solukhumbu District (Nepali: सोलुखुम्बु जिल्ला [solukʰumbu] ⓘ, Sherpa: ཤར་ཁུམ་བུ་རྫོང་།, Wylie: shar khum bu dzong) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. As the name suggests, it consists of the sub-regions Solu and Khumbu. The closest post office to Solukhumbu with a postal code assigned to it is the Sindhuli D.P.O., which has the postal code 56000.

The district, with Salleri as its headquarters, covers an area of 3,312 km2 (1,279 sq mi) and had a population of 104,851 in 2021, 105,886 in 2011, and 107,686 in 2001.

Mount Everest is in the northern part of this district, within Sagarmatha National Park.
Century Mill, Farnworth
Century Mill, Farnworth is a former cotton spinning mill in Farnworth, Bolton, Greater Manchester, England which was built in 1902 for the Century Ring Spinning Company. It was taken over by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in 1937 and passed to Courtaulds in 1964. The 6,674.00-square-metre (71,838.3 sq ft) building is still in use for various other purposes in 2016.

Farnworth
Farnworth is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Bolton, 4 miles south-west of Bury (7 km), and 8 miles (12.9 km) northwest of Manchester.

Within the historic county of Lancashire, Farnworth lies on the River Irwell and River Croal. At the 2011 Census, it had a population of 26,939.
2009 Hong Kong Super Series
The 2009 Hong Kong Super Series was a top level badminton competition which was held from November 10, 2009 to November 14, 2009 in Hong Kong. It was the 11th BWF Superseries competition on the 2009 BWF Super Series schedule. The total purse for the event was $250,000.

2009 BWF Super Series
The 2009 BWF Super Series was the third season of the BWF Super Series. Like the previous season, the twelve tournaments were all hosted by nations in Asia and Europe with the Malaysia Open as the opening tournament and China Open as the final tournament in the season.
Dissolved gas analysis
Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is an examination of electrical transformer oil contaminants.  Insulating materials within electrical equipment liberate gases as they slowly break down over time. The composition and distribution of these dissolved gases are indicators of the effects of deterioration, such as pyrolysis or partial discharge, and the rate of gas generation indicates the severity. DGA is beneficial to a preventive maintenance program.

The collection and analysis of gases in an oil-insulated transformer was discussed as early as 1928. As of 2018, many years of empirical and theoretical study have gone into the analysis of transformer fault gases.

DGA usually consists of sampling the oil and sending the sample to a laboratory for analysis. Mobile  DGA units can be transported and used on site as well; some units can be directly connected to a transformer. Online monitoring of electrical equipment is an integral part of the smart grid.

Maintenance
The technical meaning of maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery, building infrastructure and supporting utilities in industrial, business, and residential installations. Terms such as "predictive" or "planned" maintenance describe various cost-effective practices aimed at keeping equipment operational; these activities occur either before or after a potential failure.
Single-Handed Trans-Atlantic Race
The Single-handed Trans-Atlantic Race (STAR) is an east-to-west yacht race across the North Atlantic, generally held quadrennially since 1960. Running from Plymouth in England to Newport, Rhode Island, it was the first single-handed ocean yacht race. It is organised by the Royal Western Yacht Club, and it was originally sponsored by The Observer, being known as The Observer Single-handed Trans-Atlantic Race. Due to changes in sponsorship, it has been known as the CSTAR, Europe 1 STAR, and the Europe 1 New Man STAR.

After the 2000 edition, the race was split by the RWYC, with one event, the OSTAR ("Original STAR"), involving amateurs and young sailors, using smaller boats, and the other, The Transat, dedicated for professionals.

IMOCA 60
The IMOCA ("Open 60") is a 60ft (18.3 m) development class monohull sailing yacht governed by the International Monohull Open Class Association (IMOCA). The class pinnacle event are single or two person ocean races, such as the Route du Rhum and the Vendée Globe and this has been intimately linked to design development within the class. The class is recognised by World Sailing.
Lao Front for National Development
The Lao Front for National Development (LFND; Lao: ແນວລາວສ້າງຊາດ, Neo Lao Sang Xat) is a Laotian popular front founded in 1979, and led by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Its task is to organize Laotian mass mobilization, and other socio-political, organizations. In 1988, its tasks were expanded to include certain ethnic minority affairs. It is also in charge of religious affairs; all religious organizations within Laos must register with the LFND.

Pathet Lao
The Pathet Lao (Lao: ປະເທດລາວ, romanized: Pa thēt Lāo, lit. 'Lao Nation'), officially the Lao People's Liberation Army, was a communist political movement and organization in Laos, formed in the 20th century. It ultimately gained control over the entire country of Laos in 1975, after the Laotian Civil War. The Pathet Lao were associated and dependent on Vietnamese communists and North Vietnam since their foundation, with the group being established after advice from Hanoi to create a Laotian counterpart of the Viet Minh or Viet Cong. During the civil war, it was effectively organised, equipped and led by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN). They fought against the anti-communist forces in the Vietnam War. Eventually, the term became the generic name for Laotian communists.
Under orders from Mao Zedong, the People's Liberation Army provided 115,000 guns, 920,000 grenades and 170 million bullets, and trained more than 700 of its military officers.