hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 Shenzhen Longhua Open
The 2017 Shenzhen Longhua Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first (men) and second (women) editions of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Shenzhen, China between 30 October and 12 November 2017.

2017 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2017 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
XII (Brian Culbertson album)
XII is a studio album by Brian Culbertson released in 2010 by GRP Records. The album peaked at number two on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart, number one on the Billboard Top Contemporary Jazz Albums chart, and number 15 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

GRP Records
GRP® Records (Grusin-Rosen Productions) is a jazz record label founded by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen in 1978. Distributed by Verve Records, GRP® was originally known for its digital recordings that focuses on its jazz genre.
Pikyry Refuge
Pikyry is a biological reserve in the Alto Paraná Department of Paraguay, on the right bank of the Paraná River, and is one of the sites earmarked as 8 ecological reserve by the Itaipu dam, the largest dam in production in the world, located between Paraguay and Brazil. 
Located in a natural bay, Pikyry is formed by the stream and its confluence with the river Paraná, and has an area of 1,110 hectares

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Alosta
Alosta is a former settlement in Los Angeles County, California, founded by Major George E. Gard in early 1887 near the peak of the Southern California real estate boom of the 1880s. Originally established shortly before its rival, neighboring Glendora, Alosta briefly flourished due to aggressive land sales and infrastructure investment. Following the collapse of the Southern California real estate market in late 1888, Alosta declined rapidly and was formally incorporated into Glendora at the time of its incorporation in 1911.

George Dexter Whitcomb
George Dexter Whitcomb (May 13, 1834 – June 21, 1914) was an American industrialist and entrepreneur known for founding the Geo D. Whitcomb Company, later known as the Whitcomb Locomotive Works. He is also recognized as the founder of Glendora, California.
Silver Creek Mountain Band
Silver Creek Mountain Band is a South African music group that was founded in East London during the early 1970s. Rod Dry, one of the founding members of the band has kept the band alive over the years by appointing new members. Throughout the years more than 30 musicians have been part of the group. In 1981 they released their first album called, Silver Creek Mountain Band. The group has performed in pubs and clubs, weddings, parties, rallies, theatres and self-run venues. The group is known for its formidable range of instruments which includes, among others, the double bass, mandolin, banjo, violin, flute, accordion, tin whistle, guitar and mouth organ.

East London, South Africa
East London (Xhosa: eMonti; Afrikaans: Oos-Londen), officially KuGompo City since February 2026, is a city on the southeastern coast of South Africa, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The city lies on the Indian Ocean coast, largely between the Buffalo River and the Nahoon River, and hosts the country's only river port. As of 2011, East London had a population of over 267,000 with over 755,000 in the surrounding metropolitan area.
Pike Ride
Pike Ride is a combination of bus routes along Columbia Pike in Northern Virginia, United States. It consists of service operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (Metrobus) and Arlington Transit (ART), connecting the Pentagon and Pentagon City Washington Metro stations in Arlington County with Annandale in Fairfax County.

The service started in 2003. Route timetables and other useful information were implemented in numerous bus stops along the corridor, printed in both English and Spanish. ART provides cell phone users with an 800 number that is listed at each bus stop to call and obtain bus schedule information.

Metrobus (Washington, D.C.)
Metrobus is a bus service operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), serving Washington, D.C. and parts of Maryland and Virginia in the Washington metropolitan area. Metrobus operates local, limited-stop, and bus rapid transit services within its service area, complementing the Washington Metro and multiple independent bus operators. Its fleet consists of 1,595 buses, covering an area of 1,500 square miles (3,900 km2).

Metrobus began operation in 1973, as the successor to four failing privately owned bus companies. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 118,749,200, or about 360,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Long drink
A long drink or tall drink is an alcoholic mixed drink with a relatively large volume (>120 ml (4.1 US fl oz), frequently 160–400 ml (5.4–13.5 US fl oz)). The phrase "long drink" is also sometimes used to refer specifically to the Finnish long drink, also known as a lonkero.

A long drink will have a tall glass full of mixer, in contrast to a short drink, or shooter, which has less mixer, or none. Short drinks are generally stronger since both types tend to contain the same amount of alcohol.

A classic long drink is a Tom Collins. A simple style of long drink is the highball, a cocktail composed of one liquor and one mixer (excluding garnish or ice). A classic example of the highball is the Scotch and soda.

Drink mixer
Drink mixers are the non-alcoholic ingredients in mixed drinks and cocktails. Mixers dilute the drink, lowering the alcohol by volume in the drink. They change, enhance, or add new flavors to a drink. They may make the drink sweeter, more sour, or more savory. Some mixers change the texture or consistency of the drink, making it thicker or more watery. Drink mixers may also be used strictly for decorative purposes by changing the color or appearance of the drink. They also simply increase the volume of a drink, to make it last longer.
Okuma Auditorium
The Ōkuma Auditorium (大隈講堂, Ōkuma kōdō), officially the Waseda University Ōkuma Memorial Hall (早稲田大学大隈記念講堂, Waseda daigaku Ōkuma kinen kōdō), is a Tudor Gothic auditorium of Waseda University in Totsuka, Shinjuku, Tokyo. Designed primarily by Kōichi Satō, construction of the auditorium was planned to begin in 1923 following the death of Waseda founder Ōkuma Shigenobu. Its construction was halted by the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake but eventually began in 1926. It opened in 1927, commemorating the 45th anniversary of the founding of Waseda University. The auditorium includes a large hall with a capacity of over 1,100 seats and a basement hall of about 300 seats. The university's activities, lectures and concerts are held in the auditorium. The clock tower chimes six times a day.

It was classified as a historic building by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government in 1999 and officially designated as an Important Cultural Property in 2007.

Auditorium
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances. For movie theaters, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens.  Auditoriums can be found in entertainment venues, community halls, and theaters, and may be used for rehearsal, presentation, performing arts productions, public speeches or as a learning space.
Janów, Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie
Janów [ˈjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Łęki Szlacheckie, 27 km (17 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 72 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęki Szlacheckie
Łęki Szlacheckie (Polish pronunciation: [ˈwɛŋkʲi ʂlaˈxɛtskʲɛ]) is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie. It lies approximately 26 km (16 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski and 71 km (44 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Houston Force
The Houston Force were an American soccer club. In 1994, the club was originally called the Puerto Rico Islanders, but were forced to move by FIFA before playing any games. They instead played in Houston, Texas, where the Force only played one game before folding.

The team had only three players with any significant professional experience, David Vaudreuil, Chris Charles and Eloy Salgado.  Vaudreuil and Charles had both played with the Tampa Bay Rowdies in 1993 and Salgado had played in MISL. The team hired experienced manager Hernan "Chico" Borja as head coach.

The Force played the Los Angeles Salsa on July 14, 1994, in Houston's Joe Kelly Butler Stadium. The Salsa handled the Force easily, winning 3-0, in front of an official attendance of 1,400 fans (estimated to be lower). Seven days later, the APSL executive board revoked the team's league membership based on financial issues.

Tampa Bay Rowdies (1975–1993)
The Tampa Bay Rowdies were an American professional soccer team based in Tampa, Florida, that competed in the original North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1975 to 1984. They enjoyed popular support in the Tampa Bay area until the NASL folded in 1984, after which the team played in various minor indoor and outdoor leagues before finally folding on January 31, 1994. The Rowdies played nearly all of their outdoor home games at Tampa Stadium and nearly all of their indoor games at the Bayfront Center Arena in nearby St. Petersburg, Florida. Although San Diego played indoors until 1996, the Rowdies were the last surviving NASL franchise that played outdoor soccer on a regular basis.
Leszczyny, Kielce County
Leszczyny [lɛʂˈt͡ʂɨnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górno, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Górno and 12 km (7 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Górno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Górno [ˈɡurnɔ] is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Górno. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
Vuelta a Burgos
Vuelta Ciclista a Burgos is an elite professional road bicycle racing event held annually in the Burgos province of Spain. The men's Vuelta a Burgos has been a multi-day stage race as part of the UCI Europe Tour since 2005. In 2019, a multi-day women's stage race, the Vuelta a Burgos Feminas, was added that runs in mid-May. The men's race became part of the UCI ProSeries in 2020.

Province of Burgos
The province of Burgos is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bordered by the provinces of Palencia, Cantabria, Vizcaya, Álava, La Rioja, Soria, Segovia, and Valladolid. Burgos is the province of Spain that has borders with most provinces. Its capital is the city of Burgos.

The Cartularies of Valpuesta from the monastery Santa María de Valpuesta, in Burgos, are considered to be the oldest known documents containing words written in the Spanish language.
Murder in Chinese law
In the People's Republic of China, murder is collective known as homicide and the laws regarding what is classified as a homicide, the punishment for those charged with homicide, and all other criminal law related issues is dictated by the Criminal Law of People's Republic of China. This criminal code’s drafting was started in 1957 and ended in 1980 after several iterations, pauses, and edits. This criminal code encompasses all the crimes that could take place and all other crimes that occur outside of the limits of the criminal code is subject to local courts and judges.

Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China
The Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China is the code that stipulates crimes and criminal liability applicable in the country. Among them, the Criminal Law is a basic law of the People's Republic of China. On the basis of the Criminal Law, there are other separate laws that stipulate new crimes and penalties. As of 2023, the Criminal Law consists of a Criminal Code, twelve amendments, and one or two separate laws.
2023 Quebec Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2023 Quebec Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship of Quebec, was held from January 10 to 14 at the Centre Sportif Mistouk d'Alma in Alma, Quebec. The winning Laurie St-Georges rink represented Quebec at the 2023 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Kamloops, British Columbia, and finished in a four-way tie for second (seeded third) in Pool A with a 5–3 record, losing the tiebreaker game to British Columbia 8–3 for a spot in the Championship round. The event was held in conjunction with the 2023 Quebec Tankard, the provincial men's curling championship.

It was the first provincial title for St-Georges, though it will be her third national Scotties appearance, as Curling Quebec appointed her as the province's representative for the previous two national championships, as the Quebec Scotties had been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec.

Quebec Women's Curling Championship
The Quebec Women's Curling Championship (French: Championnat Provincial féminin), formerly the Quebec Scotties Tournament of Hearts is the Quebec provincial women's curling tournament. The tournament is run by Curling Québec, the provincial curling association. The winning team represents Quebec at the Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
Incisive foramen
In the human mouth, the incisive foramen (also known as: "anterior palatine foramen", or "nasopalatine foramen") is the opening of the incisive canals on the hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth. It gives passage to blood vessels and nerves. The incisive foramen is situated within the incisive fossa of the maxilla.

The incisive foramen is used as an anatomical landmark for defining the severity of cleft lip and cleft palate.

The incisive foramen exists in a variety of species.

Human mouth
In human anatomy, the mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and produces saliva. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining the inside of the mouth.

In addition to its primary role as the beginning of the digestive system, the mouth also plays a significant role in communication. While primary aspects of the voice are produced in the throat, the tongue, lips, and jaw are also needed to produce the range of sounds included in speech.

The mouth consists of two regions, the vestibule and the oral cavity proper. The mouth, normally moist, is lined with a mucous membrane, and contains the teeth.  The lips mark the transition from mucous membrane to skin, which covers most of the body.
Kaşınhan railway station
Kaşınhan station is a station in Kaşınhanı in Turkey, on the Konya-Yenice railway. It is serviced by the Konya-Karaman Regional, which the later serves as a connecting train to Karaman for YHT trains terminating in Konya. The station was opened on 25 October 1904 by the Baghdad Railway.

Kaşınhan station is 20.3 km (12.6 mi) southeast of Konya station and 348.6 km (216.6 mi) northwest of Adana station.

Konya-Karaman Regional
The Konya-Karaman Regional (Turkish: Konya-Karaman Bölgeseli) is a 102.2 km (63.5 mi) regional passenger rail service operated by TCDD Taşımacılık. The train runs 4 times, in each direction, between Konya and Karaman on the Konya-Yenice railway. The train operates alongside the three daily YHT high-speed trains running south of Konya and serve as connecting service to high-speed trains terminating in Konya. Together with YHT trains and the Taurus Express (Konya-Adana), the Konya-Karaman Regional make up four of the eight daily round-trips between the two cities. The first train departed Konya on 23 August 2011.
Ana Paula Belo
Ana Paula Rodrigues Belo (née Rodrigues; born 18 October 1987) is a Brazilian former handball player. She played for the Brazilian national team. In 2013 she won the World Championship; the first time ever for Brazil and South America.

2009–10 Women's EHF Cup
The 2009–10 Women's EHF Cup was the 29th edition of the competition. It was won by Randers HK, beating Spanish runner-up CBF Elda in the final. This was the sixth trophy won by a Danish club, now leading the rankings, and the second international title for Randers, which had previously won the 2000 EHF Challenge Cup.
Seqanliq
Seqanliq (Persian: سقانليق, also Romanized as Seqānlīq, Soqānlīq, and Saqānlīq; also known as Sāqānlūq) is a village in Nur Ali Beyk Rural District, in the Central District of Saveh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 826, in 207 families.

Nur Ali Beyk Rural District
Nur Ali Beyk Rural District (Persian: دهستان نورعلي بيك) is in the Central District of Saveh County, Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yalabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qardin.
Benjamin Dudley (Archdeacon of Rangiora)
Christianity portal

Benjamin Woolley Dudley (1805 –  28 August 1892) was a New Zealand Anglican priest in the 19th century.

Dudley was born in Dudley, Worcestershire, in late 1805. He was educated at St Catharine's College, Cambridge and ordained as a priest of the Church of England in 1838. He held curacies at Earnley, then Ticehurst. Emigrating to New Zealand on the Cressy, he became the incumbent at Lyttelton. In 1876 he became Archdeacon of Rangiora, where he remained until his death on 28 August 1892.

Dudley was one of the first purchasers of rural land in the Christchurch district, choosing rural section 40 near Lyttelton. His son, Benjamin Thornton Dudley, was Archdeacon of Waitemata, and later Auckland from 1883 to 1901.

Anglican Diocese of Christchurch
The Diocese of Christchurch is one of the thirteen dioceses and hui amorangi (Māori bishoprics) of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. The Diocese covers the area between the Conway River and the Waitaki River in the South Island of New Zealand.
Analysis
Analysis (pl.: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.

The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.

As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name).

The converse of analysis is synthesis: putting the pieces back together again in a new or different whole.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
Play-offs to the Norwegian First Division (women)
The Play-offs to the 1. divisjon for women in association football is a Norwegian play-off competition that have taken place from 2001.

The play-offs were instituted because of the streamlining of the 1. divisjon (second tier) ahead of the 2001 season, into one national league. Before that, the 1. divisjon consisted of several groups, whose teams themselves engaged in a playoff to the Toppserien, the first tier.

The playoffs have never had a clear-cut institutionalized shape or form.

Tromsdalen UIL
Tromsdalen UIL is a Norwegian sports club founded in 1938, from Tromsdalen in the municipality of Tromsø. It has sections for football, athletics, skiing and gymnastics.

The men's football team plays in 2. divisjon, the third level in Norwegian football. Their home games are played at Tromsdalen Stadion, which seats 3,000 spectators.  Their colors are red and blue.
Kanda-Sudachō, Tokyo
Sudachō (須田町), officially Kanda-Sudachō (神田須田町), is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of 1-chōme and 2-chōme. As of April 1, 2007, its population is 1,019.

This district is located on the northeastern part of Chiyoda Ward. It borders (across Kanda River) Soto-Kanda and Kanda-Sakumachō on the north, Kanda-Iwamotochō on the east, Kanda-Kajichō and Kajichō on the south, and Kanda-Awajichō, Kanda-Ogawamachi and Kanda-Tachō on the west.

Sudachō once had a terminal which served for a number of the Tokyo City Streetcar lines. It is one of the few areas that survived the bombing of Tokyo in World War II , resulting in many historic buildings still existing.

At one time Creatures Inc. had its headquarters in the Nintendo Kanda Building (任天堂神田ビル, Nintendō Kanda Biru) in Sudachō.

Ogawamachi, Tokyo
Ogawamachi (小川町), or formally Kanda-Ogawamachi (神田小川町), is a district in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It consists of 3 chōme. As of March 1, 2007, the district's population is 875.

Kanda-Ogawamachi is located on the northern part of Chiyoda. It borders Kanda-Sarugakuchō, Kanda-Surugadai and Kanda-Awajichō to the north, Kanda-Sudachō to the east, Kanda-Nishikichō, Kanda-Tsukasamachi and Kanda-Mitoshirochō to the south, and Kanda-Jinbōchō to the east.

A commercial neighborhood, Kanda-Ogawamachi is home to a number of buildings and stores. Notably, many sporting-goods stores can be found on Yasukuni-Dori Ave. Since the district is located adjacent to Kanda-Jinbōchō, home to a massive book town, several publishers and bookstores can be found as well.
Active volcano
An active volcano is a volcano that is currently erupting, or has the potential to erupt in the future. Conventionally it is applied to any that have erupted during the Holocene (the current geologic epoch that began approximately 11,700 years ago). A volcano that is not currently erupting but could erupt in the future is also known as a dormant volcano. Volcanoes that will not erupt again, or are thought to never erupt again, are known as extinct volcanoes.

Volcanic cone
Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcanic landforms. They are built by ejecta from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater. Volcanic cones are of different types, depending upon the nature and size of the fragments ejected during the eruption. Types of volcanic cones include stratocones, spatter cones, tuff cones, and cinder cones.