hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Rumaker
Michael Rumaker (March 5, 1932 - June 3, 2019) was an American author whose life intersected with writers and other artists identified with the Beat Generation; studied at Black Mountain College; and found inspiration in AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) demonstrations of the 1980s. Rumaker is remembered for his semi-autobiographical novels that document his life as a gay man from the 1950s until the 2010s.

City Lights Bookstore
City Lights is an independent bookstore-publisher combination in San Francisco, California, that specializes in world literature, the arts, and progressive politics. It also houses the nonprofit City Lights Foundation, which publishes selected titles related to San Francisco culture. It was founded in 1953 by poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Peter D. Martin (who left two years later). Both the store and the publishers became widely known following the obscenity trial of Ferlinghetti for publishing Allen Ginsberg's influential collection Howl and Other Poems (City Lights, 1956). Nancy Peters started working there in 1971 and retired as executive director in 2007. In 2001, City Lights was made an official historic landmark. City Lights is located at 261 Columbus Avenue. While formally located in Chinatown, it self-identifies as part of immediately adjacent North Beach.
ISO 3166-2:GS
ISO 3166-2:GS is the entry for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The territory has no defined subdivisions.

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code GS.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
2008 WPA World Eight-ball Championship
The 2008 WPA World Eight-ball Championship was an eight-ball world championship, organized by the World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA), and held 18–25 April 2008 at the Fujairah Exhibition Centre of the Al Diar Siji Hotel in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. A total of 64 players competed in the tournament.

The event was won by Ralf Souquet, who defeated defending champion Ronato Alcano in the final.

The previous years runner up Dennis Orcollo lost in the semi-final in a repeat of the previous years final to Ronato Alcano 10–9. Marcus Chamat of Sweden also reached the event semi-final, losing to eventual winner Souquet.

The event field was made up of players from various tours, as well as players from a middle east qualifying tournament.

WPA World Eight-ball Championship
The WPA World Eight-ball Championship is a professional eight-ball pool tournament sanctioned by the World Pool Association (WPA), initially contested from 2004 to 2012 in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. After not being held for several years, it was announced by the WPA that the championship would return in 2017, to be held at the Olympic Centre in Jinan, China. However, that event did not occur, and the championship continued to remain dormant until Predator Cues re-established the tournament as part of their Pro Billiard Series, beginning with the 2022 edition of the tournament.
Leckhampton
Leckhampton is a village and a district in south Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. The area is in the civil parish of Leckhampton with Warden Hill and is part of the district of Cheltenham. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 census was 4,409.

Sue Ryder (charity)
Sue Ryder is a British palliative and bereavement support charity based in the United Kingdom. Formed as The Sue Ryder Foundation in 1953 by World War II Special Operations Executive volunteer Sue Ryder, the organisation provides care and support for people living with terminal illnesses and neurological conditions, as well as individuals who are coping with a bereavement. The charity was renamed Sue Ryder Care in 1996, before adopting its current name in 2011.
Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Hasan
The Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Hasan (Arabic: مسجد ومدرسة السلطان حسن) is a monumental mosque and madrasa located in Salah al-Din Square in the historic district of Cairo, Egypt. It was built between 1356 and 1363 CE during the Bahri Mamluk period, commissioned by Sultan an-Nasir Hasan. The mosque was considered remarkable for its massive size and innovative architectural components, and is still considered one of the most impressive historic monuments in Cairo today.

Al-Maqrizi
Al-Maqrīzī (Arabic: المقريزي, full name Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Maqrīzī, تقي الدين أحمد بن علي بن عبد القادر بن محمد المقريزي; 1364–1442) was a medieval Egyptian historian and biographer during the Mamluk era, known for his interest in the Fatimid era, and the earlier periods of Egyptian history. He is recognized as the most influential historian of premodern Egypt.
Uche Okechukwu
Uchechukwu Alozie "Uche" Okechukwu (// ⓘ //; born 27 September 1967), also known as Deniz Uygar, is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a central defender.

"Uchechukwu" is an Igbo name meaning "God's will". He was also honoured as the foreign player who played in Turkey for the longest period of time (13 years), going on to obtain Turkish citizenship under the name Deniz Uygar.

The recipient of nearly 50 caps for Nigeria, Okechukwu represented the nation in two World Cups and as many Africa Cup of Nations, winning the latter tournament once.

Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Football was contested as part of the programme for the 1996 Summer Olympics which was hosted in Atlanta, Georgia, United States from July 20 to August 3, 1996. It was the 20th edition of the men's football tournament and the first edition of the women's football tournament.

In the men's tournament, Nigeria defeated Argentina 3-2 in the final. In the women's tournament, the United States defeated China 2-1 in the final.

A number of firsts occurred during the 1996 Games. Alongside the first women's tournament, the games marked the first occasion in which the under-23 rules were implemented in the men's tournament. Nigeria were the first African country to win gold and only the second African country overall to win a medal of any color in football. The United States were the first country from North America to win gold and China were the first country from Asia to win a medal of any color in football.
Archibald Napier, 1st Lord Napier
Archibald Napier, 1st Lord Napier, the 9th Laird Napier of Merchiston (c. 1576 – November 1645), was a Scottish politician and judge. In 1627 he was created Lord Napier of Merchiston and Baronet of Nova Scotia.

Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.
Vesle Tavleøya
Vesle Tavleøya (English: Little Slate Island) is the larger island of the two northernmost of Sjuøyane - the other being Rossøya, north of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Vesle Tavleøya is situated some 7 km northeast of Phippsøya, the largest island of the islands, separated by Sjuøyflaket sound.

Latitude: 80° 49' 11.99" N
Longitude: 20° 21' 29.99" E

Phippsøya
Phippsøya (anglicized as Phipps Island) is the largest island in Sjuøyane, an archipelago north of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard in Arctic Norway. It is located some 22 km north of Nordkapp on Svalbard proper and 8.5 km south of Rossøya, the northernmost island of the Svalbard archipelago. Phippsøya is separated from Parryøya to the south by the 1.3 km wide Straumporten sound, from Martensøya to the southeast by the 1.1 km wide Trollsundet and from Tavleøya to the northwest by the 1 km wide Marmorsundet.

The island is named after the English explorer Constantine John Phipps, who commanded two bomb vessels, HMS Racehorse and HMS Carcass, on an expedition to Svalbard in 1773.
Kidnapping of Arbel Yehoud
Arbel Yehoud is an Israeli woman who was abducted in 2023 during the October 7 attacks as part of the Nir Oz Attack by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. She was released on January 30, 2025, after 482 days in captivity. She was the last living female Israeli hostage released.

Nir Oz attack
On 7 October 2023, as part of the surprise attack on Israel, Palestinian militants from the Gaza Strip, led by Hamas, invaded the Nir Oz kibbutz in southern Israel. They killed scores of kibbutz residents, burned homes, and abducted civilians. Over 500 Palestinian militants and civilian looters participated in the massacre. A total of 47 people were killed and 76 taken hostage in the attack.
Lottah
Lottah is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Break O'Day in the North-east LGA region of Tasmania, Australia. The locality is about 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-west of the town of St Helens. The 2016 census recorded a population of 13 for the state suburb of Lottah.
It is a small town in Northeastern Tasmania. The closest settlement is Pyengana and the closest major town is St Helens.

Break O'Day Council
Break O'Day Council is a local government body in Tasmania, situated in the northern part of the state's east coast. Break O'Day is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 6,770, the major towns of the region include St Helens, St Marys and Scamander.
Cetacean intelligence
Cetacean intelligence is the overall intelligence and derived cognitive ability of aquatic mammals belonging in the infraorder Cetacea (cetaceans), including baleen whales, porpoises, and dolphins. In 2014, a study found that the long-finned pilot whale has more neocortical neurons than any other mammal, including humans, examined to date.

Encephalization quotient
Encephalization quotient (EQ), encephalization level (EL), or just encephalization is a relative brain size measure that is defined as the ratio between observed and predicted brain mass for an animal of a given size, based on nonlinear regression on a range of reference species. It has been used as a proxy for intelligence and thus as a possible way of comparing the intelligence levels of different species. For this purpose, it is a more refined measurement than the raw brain-to-body mass ratio, as it takes into account allometric effects. Expressed as a formula, the relationship has been developed for mammals and may not yield relevant results when applied outside this group.
Toulouse railway network
The Toulouse railway network is a railway network in Toulouse metropolitan area in France. Established in 1856, with the opening of the Matabiau station (now Toulouse main station), it has six lines, or eight branches, arranged more or less in a star shape.

It is operated and managed by SNCF and serves 27 stations, including 12 inside the city of Toulouse.

TER Occitanie
TER Occitanie or liO Train is the regional rail network serving the region of Occitanie, southern France. It is operated by the French national railway company SNCF. It was formed in 2017 from the previous TER networks TER Languedoc-Roussillon and TER Midi-Pyrénées, after the respective regions were merged.
Dietzella zimmermanni
Dietzella zimmermanni is a species of minute seed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. Larvae feed on leaves of Oenothera pilosella, Epilobium, and Circaea lutetania.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
1981 WCT Tournament of Champions
The 1981 WCT Tournament of Champions was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, Queens, New York City in the United States and part of the 1981 Grand Prix circuit. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from May 4 through May 10, 1981. The event was open to players who had won a tournament worth at least $25,000 during the previous 12 months.  Tenth-seeded Eddie Dibbs won the singles title and the accompanying first prize of $100,000 plus $3,050 in bonus money.

1981 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1981 Volvo Grand Prix was the only men's professional tennis circuit held that year. It consisted of the four Grand Slam tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments. The World Championship Tennis (WCT) Tour was incorporated into the Grand Prix circuit. The WCT tour consisted of eight regular tournaments, a season's final, three tournaments categorized as special events and a doubles championship. In total 89 tournaments were held divided over 29 countries. The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council (MIPTC).
2010 Cerveza Club Premium Open
The 2010 Cerveza Club Premium Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the sixteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Quito, Ecuador between 4 and 11 October 2010.

2010 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2010 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 13 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
San Hui stop
San Hui (Chinese: 新墟) is one of the MTR Light Rail stops. It is located at ground level at Castle Peak Road next to San Hui Village in Tuen Mun District. It began service on 2 February 1992 and belongs to Zone 2. It serves San Hui Village and Kau Hui San Village.

Tuen Mun District
The Tuen Mun District (Chinese: 屯門區) is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. As of 2025, the population was 545,000, of which 64,000 were under the age of 18. Part of the district is the Tuen Mun New Town (or simply Tuen Mun), which contains one of the largest residential areas in the New Territories.
The Allusions
The Allusions were an Australian rock group, which formed in late 1965. They released a self-titled studio album in January 1967 via EMI/Parlophone. Their popular singles were "Gypsy Woman" and "The Dancer" (both 1966), which both peaked in the top 30 on the Kent Music Report national singles chart. The Allusions disbanded in early 1969. Australian musicologist Ian McFarlane observed that they were "one of the most stylish and inventive" of local "1960s beat pop bands."

Go-Set
Go-Set was the first Australian pop music newspaper, published weekly from 2 February 1966 to 24 August 1974, and was founded in Melbourne by Phillip Frazer, Peter Raphael and Tony Schauble. Widely described as a pop music "bible", it became an influential publication, introduced the first national pop record charts and featured many notable contributors including fashion designer Prue Acton, journalist Lily Brett, rock writer / band manager Vince Lovegrove, music commentator Molly Meldrum, rock writer / music historian Ed Nimmervoll and radio DJ Stan Rofe. It spawned the original Australian edition of Rolling Stone magazine in late 1972.
Yakov Yakovlevich Elsis
Yakov Yakovlevich Elsis (Latvian: Jēkabs Elsis; 25 December [O.S. 13 December] 1890 – 30 January [O.S. 17 January] 1917) was a captain in the Imperial Russian Army and a Latvian Rifleman. He fought in World War I and was awarded the St. George Cross posthumously in 1917.

Latvian Riflemen
The Latvian Riflemen (Latvian: Latviešu strēlnieki; Russian: Латышские стрелки, romanized: Latyshskie strelki) were originally a military formation of the Imperial Russian Army assembled starting 1915 in Latvia in order to defend Baltic governorates against the German Empire in World War I. Initially, the battalions were formed by volunteers, and from 1916 by conscription among the Latvian population. A total of about 40,000 troops were drafted into the Latvian Riflemen Division. They were used as an elite force in the Imperial and Red armies.
Streetball in Puerto Rico
Linked to the popularity of basketball in Puerto Rico, the recurrence of streetball (street basketball) has become intertwined with the practice of the sport in all of its levels. Taking influence from the grassroots connection of Nuyorican streetballers to the Baloncesto Superior Nacional, the practice is widespread in Puerto Rico, with impromptu games being a highly common occurrence for decades. Organized streetball gained momentum in the early 2000s and soon became involved with the local urban culture, especially the hip hop and reggaeton industries, giving origin to teams like Puerto Rico Streetball and the Puerto Rico Streetballers. Organizations based in Puerto Rico have played against foreign competition, with the results including the first win of an international team over the prominent AND1 Live Tour Team. Teams native to the archipelago are affiliated to the Street Basketball Association and FIBA's 3x3 basketball program.

Angelo Cruz
Angelo "Monchito" Cruz (born September 20, 1958) is a former Puerto Rican professional basketball player. He was born in New York. Coming out of the Patterson Projects in the Bronx, "Monchito" was a New York City Playground legend by the time he finished High School at DeWitt Clinton High School; he first played 2 or 3 years at All Hallows High, both in the Bronx. After playing at Bethany Nazarene College (Oklahoma) and Essex (New Jersey) County College, he moved on to play professionally in Puerto Rico.
1981 European Cup (athletics)
The 1981 European Cup was the 8th edition of the European Cup of athletics. It was the last edition to feature multiple stages of competition before being replaced by the promotion/relegation system since 1983.

The "A" Finals were held in Zagreb, Yugoslavia. The first two teams qualified for the 1981 IAAF World Cup.

1981 IAAF World Cup
The 3rd IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event sponsored by the International Association of Athletics Federations, held on September 4–6, 1981, at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy.
SS Ruth Kellogg
Ruth Kellogg was a 5,037 GRT tanker that was built in 1920 as the Design 1025 Hog Islander Calaumet by American International Shipbuilding, Hog Island, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States for the United States Shipping Board (USSB). Completed as Vaba, she was converted to a tanker in 1921. A sale in 1929 saw her renamed Ruth Kellogg. In 1940, she was transferred to the British Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Renamed Empire Dolphin in 1941, she served until 1947 when she was scrapped.

Design 1025 ship
The Design 1025 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1025) was a steel-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Board's Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Harriman-type" as the majority of ships were built in the Harriman section of Bristol, Pennsylvania. A total of 62 ships were ordered and built at three shipyards: 40 ships at Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation, Bristol, Pennsylvania; 12 ships at Newburgh Shipyards in Newburgh, New York; and 10 ships at Pensacola Shipbuilding Company in Pensacola, Florida.
History of microeconomics
Microeconomics is the study of the behaviour of individuals and small impacting organisations in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources. The modern field of microeconomics arose as an effort of neoclassical economics school of thought to put economic ideas into mathematical mode.

Johann Heinrich von Thünen
Johann Heinrich von Thünen (24 June 1783 – 22 September 1850), sometimes spelled Thuenen, was a prominent nineteenth-century economist and a native of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, now in northern Germany.

Even though he never held a professorial position, Thünen had substantial influence on economics. He has been described as one of the founders of agricultural economics and economic geography. He made substantial contributions to economic debates on rent, land use, and wages.
George Forquer
George Forquer (1794–1837) was a politician who served variously as an Illinois State Senator, Illinois' 5th Secretary of State (1825–1828) and Illinois 5th Attorney General (1829–1832). He was influential in creating the Illinois State Library, in part from a donation of his own personal collection. He also laid out and founded the town of Waterloo, Illinois.

Forquer was the older half-brother of Thomas Ford, who was the state's governor from 1842 to 1846. The two shared a law office in Edwardsville, and Forquer aided Ford in his early years as a lawyer and judge.

While in the state senate, Forquer proposed a loan of half a million dollars for the Illinois and Michigan Canal.

Illinois Attorney General
The Illinois attorney general is the highest legal officer of the state of Illinois in the United States.  Originally an appointed office, it is now an office filled by statewide election.  Based in Chicago and Springfield, the attorney general is responsible for providing legal counsel for the various state agencies, including the governor of Illinois and Illinois General Assembly, as well as conducting all legal affairs pertaining to the state.

The office of Illinois Attorney General was established on December 3, 1818, based on guidelines adopted by a state constitutional convention. The attorney general is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of Governor of Illinois. The first person to fulfill the duties of the office was Daniel Pope Cook who only served eleven days, and was later elected to the United States Congress. Cook County was named in his honor.

The current holder of the office is Kwame Raoul.