hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lubna Khalid Al Qasimi
Sheikha Lubna bint Khalid bin Sultan Al Qasimi DBE (Arabic: لبنى بنت خالد بن سلطان القاسمي; born 4 February 1962) is an Emirati politician and member of the ruling family of Sharjah and the niece to Sheikh Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi. She was previously the Minister of State for Tolerance, Minister of State for International Cooperation, and Minister of Economic and Planning of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). She was the first woman to hold a ministerial post in the UAE.

She has been President of Zayed University since 2014.

Al Qasimi
The Al Qasimi (Arabic: القاسمي, spelled sometimes as Al Qassimi or Al Qassemi; plural: Al Qawasem Arabic: القواسم and, archaically, Joasmee) is an Arab dynasty and tribe that rules Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah, today forming two of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates. They are one of the longest reigning royal families in the Arabian peninsula. Historically, they also ruled over the town of Lengeh as sheikhs for a century until its annexation by Iran in 1887.

The Qawasem were a confederation of Sunni tribes in south eastern Gulf region surrounding the cities of Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah; and faced strong rivalry with the Omani empire for naval domination along the Persian Gulf. Due to their allegiance to the Emirate of Dir'iyah, the British Empire branded them as "pirates" and fought two major military campaigns against them in 1809 and 1819.
BTR-60
The BTR-60 is the first vehicle in a series of Soviet eight-wheeled armoured personnel carriers (APCs). It was developed in the late 1950s as a replacement for the BTR-152 and was seen in public for the first time in 1961. BTR stands for bronetransportyor (Russian: бронетранспортёр, БТР, lit. 'armoured carrier').

DShK
The DShK M1938 (Cyrillic: ДШК, for Russian: Дегтярёва-Шпагина крупнокалиберный, romanized: Degtyaryova-Shpagina krupnokaliberny, lit. 'Degtyaryov–Shpagin large-calibre') is a Soviet heavy machine gun. The weapon may be vehicle mounted or used on a tripod or wheeled carriage as a heavy infantry machine gun. The DShK's name is derived from its original designer, Vasily Degtyaryov, and Georgi Shpagin, who later improved the cartridge feed mechanism. It is sometimes nicknamed Dushka (Душка: darling, a dear or beloved person) or Dochka (Дочка: daughter) in Slavic-speaking regions and in the DShK using countries, from the abbreviation.
Student Activity Complex
The Student Activity Complex is a soccer, track and field and football stadium and performing arts auditorium in Laredo, Texas owned by the United Independent School District. The complex is better known outside of South Texas as the home stadium for PDL 2007 champion franchise Laredo Heat until 2007 when the franchise moved to the Texas A&M International University Soccer Complex. The stadium also serves as home and away to UISD schools. It is home to the Alexander Bulldogs, LBJ Wolves, United Longhorns, and the United South Panthers. The auditorium is located next to the stadium which is used for band concerts, drama, and other related attractions.

Texas A&M International University Soccer Complex
Texas A&M International University Soccer Complex (also known as Dustdevil Field and TAMIU Soccer Complex) was built in 2006 and renovated in 2007. The soccer complex is located in Laredo, Texas on the Texas A&M International University campus. The complex has two soccer fields with a seating capacity of 4,000 on one of them. The Dustdevil Field was the home stadium to the 2007 champion team Laredo Heat, a member of the National Premier Soccer League and the TAMIU Dustdevils women and men's soccer teams, a member of the Heartland Conference, NCAA Division II.
Kendleshire
Kendleshire is a small scattered settlement in South Gloucestershire, England, between Winterbourne Down and Henfield.

Kendleshire hamlet includes about a dozen residences, as well as Woodlands Manor Nursing Home and The Golden Heart public house.

Very little of The Kendleshire Golf Club lies within the hamlet of Kendleshire village. Only the 16th, 22nd (and parts of the 20th & 21st) holes are included in the settlement, the clubhouse and the rest of the course being in Henfield.

During the construction of Kendleshire Golf Club, evidence of many ancient bell pit coal mines was discovered.

51°31′01″N 2°29′06″W﻿ / ﻿51.517°N 2.485°W﻿ / 51.517; -2.485

Winterbourne Down, Gloucestershire
Winterbourne Down is a village in South Gloucestershire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Winterbourne. Situated 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Bristol city centre, it is separated from the main Bristol Built-up Area by the Avon Green Belt. The parish's annual May Day carnival is held here.

The Frome Valley Walkway passes through the village and provides views of the Huckford Viaduct. The village contains the Anglican All Saints Church and the Methodist Bethesda chapel. Winterbourne Down is also noted for its extensive wooded areas, quarrying legacy and the remains of a Roman camp.
Market Street, Cambridge
Market Street is a shopping street in central Cambridge, England.  It runs between Market Hill, location of the city's central Market Square to the west and Sidney Street to the east. On the other side of the market square, the street continues west as St Mary's Street, north of Great St Mary's, the University church. On the other side of Sidney Street is Hobson's Passage leading east to Hobson Street.  To the north is Market Passage and to the south is Petty Cury, a pedestrianised shopping street.

Petty Cury
Petty Cury is a pedestrianised shopping street in central Cambridge, England. It connects Market Hill, the location of Cambridge's central outdoor market, and Guildhall Street to the west with the shopping streets of Sidney Street and St Andrew's Street to the east. Hobson Street leads off north on the opposite side of the street at the eastern end, on the corner of Christ's College, one of the historic University of Cambridge colleges.
National Gallery of Armenia
The National Gallery of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի ազգային պատկերասրահ, Hayastani azgayin patkerasrah) is the largest art museum in Armenia. Located on Yerevan's Republic Square, the museum has one of the most prominent locations in the Armenian capital. The NGA houses significant collections of Russian and Western European art, and the world's largest collection of Armenian art. The museum had 65,000 visitors in 2005.

Jan van Goyen
Jan Josephszoon van Goyen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɑɱ vɑŋ ˈɣoːi.ə(n)]; 13 January 1596 – 27 April 1656) was a Dutch landscape painter. The scope of his landscape subjects was very broad as he painted forest landscapes, marine paintings, river landscapes, beach scenes, winter landscapes, cityscapes, architectural views and landscapes with peasants. The list of painters he influenced is much longer. He was an extremely prolific artist who left approximately twelve hundred paintings and more than one thousand drawings.
2019–20 Women's Senior T20 Challenger Trophy
The 2019–20 Women's Senior T20 Challenger Trophy was the third edition of India's Women's T20 Challenger Trophy. Three teams made up of the best players in India competed in a double round-robin group, with the top two advancing to the final. The three teams competing were renamed from the previous two tournaments: India Blue, Green and Red became India A, B and C, with India C beating India B in the final by 8 wickets to win the tournament. All matches were held at the Barabati Stadium, Cuttack across a week in January 2020.

Senior Women's T20 Challenger Trophy
The Senior Women's T20 Challenger Trophy was a women's T20 tournament held in India. The tournament first took place in the 2009–10 season, as the T20 equivalent to the List A Senior Women's Challenger Trophy. The participating teams were the same as in the List A tournament: India Blue, India Green and India Red, with India Green emerging victorious in the final. The tournament later returned in the 2018–19 season, with India Blue winning their first title, defeating India Red by 4 runs in the final.  In the third edition of the tournament in 2019–20, the teams competing were named India A, India B and India C, with India C winning the final by 8 wickets over India B. The tournament returned in 2022–23, now with four teams competing, and was won by the new team, India D.
Wuling Hongguang
The Wuling Hongguang (Chinese: 五菱宏光; pinyin: Wǔlíng hóngguāng) is a compact MPV produced since September 2010 by SAIC-GM-Wuling. Between 2013 and 2017, it was marketed as the Chevrolet Enjoy in India by GM India.

Daewoo S-TEC engine
S-TEC or M-TEC is a low-displacement engine range co-developed by Suzuki and Daewoo Motors for use in micro and subcompact cars. The original version was a license-built version of the Suzuki F8B engine; later generations were derived from the original design in South Korea.
Ziva (dish)
Ziva (Hebrew: זיוה) is an Israeli dish made of puff pastry topped with  sesame seeds, and stuffed with cheese and olives. Ziva is served at home and in restaurants. Ziva is cooked in a style similar to the Yemenite Malawach but its ingredients more closely resemble börek, both of which are also common in Israel. Ziva is usually served alongside a hot sauce (skhug), eggs and Israeli salad.

Ziva is thought to have been invented by chef Neri Avneri's wife at the Nargilla restaurant in 1989. TasteAtlas listed it as the third lowest-rated Israeli snack.

Börek
Börek or burek or byrek is a family of pastries or pies made in the Middle East and the Balkans. The pastry is made of a thin flaky dough such as filo with a variety of fillings, such as meat, cheese, spinach, or potatoes. A börek may be prepared in a large pan and cut into portions after baking, or as individual pastries. They are usually baked but some varieties can be fried. Börek is sometimes sprinkled with sesame or nigella seeds, and it can be served hot or cold.

Throughout the Balkan Peninsula, Turkey and Armenia it is commonly served with ayran or yogurt. It is a custom of Sephardic Jews to have bourekas for their Shabbat breakfast meal on Saturday mornings.
Quantum dimer models
Quantum dimer models were introduced to model the physics of resonating valence bond (RVB) states in lattice spin systems.  The only degrees of freedom retained from the motivating spin systems are  the valence bonds, represented as dimers which live on the lattice bonds.  In typical dimer models, the dimers do not overlap ("hardcore constraint").

Typical phases of quantum dimer models tend to be valence bond crystals.  However, on non-bipartite lattices,  RVB liquid phases possessing topological order and fractionalized spinons also appear.  The discovery of topological order in quantum dimer models (more than a decade after the models were introduced) has led to new interest in these models.

Classical dimer models have been studied previously in statistical physics, in particular by P. W. Kasteleyn (1961) and
M. E. Fisher (1961).

Resonating valence bond theory
In condensed matter physics, the resonating valence bond theory (RVB) is a theoretical model that attempts to describe high-temperature superconductivity, and in particular the superconductivity in cuprate compounds. It was proposed by P. W. Anderson and Ganapathy Baskaran in 1987. The theory states that in copper oxide lattices, electrons from neighboring copper atoms interact to form a valence bond, which locks them in place. However, with doping, these electrons can act as mobile Cooper pairs and are able to superconduct. Anderson observed in his 1987 paper that the origins of superconductivity in doped cuprates was in the Mott insulator nature of crystalline copper oxide. RVB builds on the Hubbard and t-J models used in the study of strongly correlated materials.

In 2014, evidence showing that fractional particles can happen in quasi two-dimensional magnetic materials, was found by EPFL scientists, lending support for Anderson's theory.
Kosmos 1547
Kosmos 1547 (Russian: Космос 1547 meaning Cosmos 1547) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1547 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 01:40 UTC on 4 April 1984. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1984-033A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 14884.

Oko
Oko (Old Russian: Око, lit. 'Eye') is a Russian (previously Soviet) missile defence early warning programme consisting of satellites in Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. Oko satellites are used to identify launches of ballistic missiles by detection of their engines' exhaust plume in infrared light, and complement other early warning facilities such as Voronezh, Daryal and Dnepr radars. The information provided by these sensors can be used for the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system which defends Moscow. The satellites are run by the Russian Aerospace Forces, and previously the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces and Russian Space Forces. Since November 2015, it is being replaced by the new EKS system.
Munsley
Munsley is a village and civil parish 9 miles (14 km) east of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 96. The parish touches Ashperton, Aylton, Bosbury, Canon Frome, Ledbury and Pixley. Munsley shares a parish council with Aylton, Little Marcle, Munsley and Pixley called "Pixley and District Parish Council".

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Edward Parry (archbishop of the West Indies)
Christianity portal

Edward Archibald Parry (1861–1943) was Bishop of Guyana from 1900 until 1921 and Archbishop of the West Indies from 1916 until 1921.

Parry was born into an eminent family, his father was Edward Parry, Bishop of Dover, and his grandfather was William Parry, Arctic explorer. He was educated at Winchester and Oriel College, Oxford, and ordained in 1884.

After a curacy at St Mary, Acton and a period as bishop's chaplain to Anthony Thorold, Bishop of Rochester, he was Rector of Sundridge, Kent and Vicar of St Mark, New Milverton, Leamington before his appointment to the episcopate. He was nominated Bishop of Guyana in late 1900, and consecrated bishop by Frederick Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury, in Canterbury Cathedral on 28 December 1900. From the death of his cathedral's dean in 1918 onwards, he was additionally dean of the cathedral, an arrangement which continued until 1937.

Frederick Temple
Christianity portal

Frederick Temple (30 November 1821 – 23 December 1902) was an English academic, teacher and churchman, who served as Bishop of Exeter (1869–1885), Bishop of London (1885–1896) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1896–1902).
Puruli
Asia portal

Puruli (EZEN Puruliyas) was a Hattian spring festival, held at Nerik, dedicated to the earth goddess Hannahanna, who is married to a new king.

The central ritual of the Puruli festival is dedicated to the destruction of the dragon Illuyanka by the storm god Teshub. The corresponding Assyrian festival is the Akitu of the Enuma Elish. Also compared are the Canaanite Poem of Baal and Psalms 93 and 29.

Biblical Hannah has been suggested as a Hebrew version of Hannahanna.

Akitu
Akitu or Akitum 
(Sumerian: 𒀉𒆠𒋾, romanized: a-ki-ti)
(Akkadian: 𒀉𒆠𒌈, romanized: akītu(m))
is a spring festival and New Year's celebration, held on the first day of the  Assyrian and Babylonian Nisan in ancient Mesopotamia and in Assyrian communities around the world, to celebrate the sowing of barley. Akitu originates from the Sumerian spring New Year festival of Zagmuk.
5th Infantry Division (United States)
The 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized)—nicknamed the "Red Diamond", or the "Red Devils" —was an infantry division of the United States Army that served in World War I, World War II and the Vietnam War, and with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the U.S. Army III Corps. It was deactivated on 24 November 1992 and reflagged as the 2nd Armored Division.

21st Field Artillery Regiment
The 21st Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army first formed in 1916. A parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System, all components of the regiment are currently inactive. The 1st Battalion 21st Field Artillery Regiment (United States), the regiment's final active component, deactivated on 12 June 2014.
2022 Challenger Città di Lugano
The 2022 Challenger Città di Lugano was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lugano, Switzerland between 28 March and 3 April 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Munstead and Tuesley
Munstead and Tuesley is a civil parish in the Waverley district, in Surrey, England, within the Surrey Hills National Landscape. The parish was formed from the former parish of Busbridge after the village itself became part of the parish of Godalming in 2024. The main road through the parish is the B2130 Hascombe Road. The most notable location in the area is Winkworth Arboretum, owned and maintained by the National Trust since 1952.

Borough of Waverley
The Borough of Waverley is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. The borough contains the towns of Godalming, Farnham and Haslemere, as well as numerous villages, including the large village of Cranleigh, and surrounding rural areas. At the 2021 Census, the population of the borough was 128,200. The borough is named after Waverley Abbey, near Farnham. Large parts of the borough are within the Surrey Hills National Landscape. Its council, Waverley Borough Council, is based in Godalming.

The neighbouring districts are Guildford, Mole Valley, Horsham, Chichester, East Hampshire, Hart and Rushmoor.
Jake Bidwell
Jake Brian Bidwell (born 21 March 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a left back for EFL Championship club Coventry City. He began his career in the academy at Premier League side Everton and was capped by England at age-group level.

2010–11 Premier Academy League
The 2010–11 Premier Academy League Under–18 season is the fourteenth edition since the establishment of The Premier Academy League, and the seventh under the current make-up.

All teams played the other teams in their group twice and play 10 inter-group fixtures, producing 28 games a season. Eight of the inter-group games were played against teams in their 'paired group' (i.e. A–B and C–D are the paired groups), whilst the remaining two games comprise one game against a team in each of the two remaining groups. Winners of each group qualify for play-offs.
1972 United States Senate election in Michigan
The 1972 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator and Senate Minority Whip Robert P. Griffin ran for re-election to a second term. Griffin won reelection, defeating the Democratic nominee and Michigan Attorney General Frank J. Kelley by 6%. Despite President Richard Nixon’s landslide victory in Michigan and the rest of the country, Griffin’s margin of victory decreased from the previous election. Following his defeat in this election, Kelley continued to serve as Michigan's State Attorney General until he left office in 1999.

As of 2025, this was the last time that the Republicans have won Michigan’s Class 2 Senate seat, as well as the last time that a Republican won re-election to either Senate seat in Michigan. Since this election, Republicans have only won one more Michigan U.S. Senate race, in 1994.

1966 United States Senate elections in Michigan
The 1966 United States Senate elections in Michigan were held on November 7, 1966. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Robert P. Griffin, who had been appointed to the seat in May to fill the vacancy left by the death of Patrick V. McNamara, was re-elected to a full term in office. Griffin defeated Democratic former Governor G. Mennen Williams in the regularly scheduled election, as well as the concurrent special election to complete McNamara's unfinished term.
Delta County, Michigan
Delta County is a county in the Upper Peninsula in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,903. The county seat is Escanaba. The county was surveyed in 1843 and organized in 1861. Its name originates from the Greek letter delta (Δ), which refers to the triangular shape of the original county which included segments of Menominee, Dickinson, Iron, and Marquette counties. Recreation and forest products are major industries, and crops include hay, corn, small grains, potatoes, and strawberries.

Delta County comprises the Escanaba, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Dickinson County, Michigan
Dickinson County is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,947.  The county seat is Iron Mountain. Dickinson is Michigan's newest county, formed in 1891 from parts of Marquette, Menominee, and Iron counties. It was named for Donald M. Dickinson, who served as U.S. Postmaster General under President Grover Cleveland.

Dickinson County is part of the Iron Mountain, MI–WI micropolitan statistical area.
Megaphrynium macrostachyum
Megaphrynium macrostachyum is a species of large plant in the Marantaceae family native to tropical Africa. It grows in moist places and regenerates rapidly after ground disturbance or fire. The long stems have various uses in making cord, baskets and mats, and the large leaves are used for wrapping food, for making utensils and containers, and in herbal medicine.

Marantaceae
The Marantaceae are a family, the arrowroot family, or the prayer plant family, of flowering plants consisting of 28 genera and around 530 species, defining it as one of the most species-rich families in its order. Species of this family are found in lowland tropical forests of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The majority (80%) of the species are found in the American tropics, followed by Asian (11%) and African (9%) tropics. They are commonly called the prayer-plant family and are also known for their unique secondary pollination presentation.