hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1980 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships
The 1980 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts in the  United States. The event was part of the 1980 Volvo Grand Prix circuit. It was the 53rd edition of the tournament and was held from July 14 through July 20, 1980. Fourth-seeded Eddie Dibbs won the singles title.

U.S. Pro Tennis Championships
The  U.S. Pro Tennis Championships (for a period from 1951 to 1962 billed as the Cleveland International Pro or Cleveland World Pro Tennis Championships) was the oldest professional tennis tournament played until its final year of 1999 and is considered to have been a professional major from 1927–1967 until the advent of Open Era. In 1953, 1955, 1956, and 1960, the Cleveland World Pro had a women's draw, with Pauline Betz winning the first three of these, and defeating the reigning U.S. women's champion Doris Hart in the 1956 final. Althea Gibson defeated Pauline Betz in the 1960 women's final.
Heilig Landstichting
Heilig Landstichting (Dutch for Holy Land Foundation) is a village in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Berg en Dal, Gelderland, near Nijmegen. Its best known attraction is the Museumpark Orientalis, the former Holy Land Museum.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
Rose Kekedo
Dame Rosalina Violet  Kekedo DBE (1942 – 25 February 2005), better known as Rose Kekedo, was a leading educator in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the first woman to be chancellor of the University of Papua New Guinea.

University of Papua New Guinea
The University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) is a university located in Port Moresby, capital of Papua New Guinea. It was established by ordinance of the Australian administration in 1965. This followed the Currie Commission which had enquired into higher education in Papua New Guinea. The University of Papua New Guinea Act No. 18, 1983 bill repealing the old Ordinance was passed by the National Parliament in August 1983.

The university has moved from a departmental to a school structure to foster interdisciplinary and inter-school relationships. The university's library is known as the Michael Somare Library, named after the country's first Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare. Multiple sources have included it among the best universities in Papua New Guinea.
Jakobstal railway station
Jakobstal railway station (German: Bahnhof Jakobstal) is a railway station in the municipality of Wängi, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is located on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) Frauenfeld–Wil line of Appenzell Railways, and is served as a request stop by local trains only.

Wil railway station
Wil railway station (German: Bahnhof Wil), or Wil SG railway station, is a railway station in Wil, in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It sits at the junction of three standard-gauge railway lines: Wil–Kreuzlingen, St. Gallen–Winterthur, and Wil–Ebnat-Kappel. In addition, the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Frauenfeld–Wil line (operated by Appenzell Railways since 2021) terminates in the station's forecourt.
Guangzhou Changlong railway station
Guangzhouchanglong railway station (simplified Chinese: 广州长隆站; traditional Chinese: 廣州長隆站; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Chánglóng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Gwóngjāu Chèuhnglùhng Jaahm) is a station on Guangzhou–Huizhou intercity railway located in Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The station was officially named as Guangzhouchanglong railway station in November 2020. The railway station opened on 26 May 2024, and is operated by Guangdong Intercity Railway Operation Co., Ltd.

Panyu, Guangzhou
Panyu, formerly romanized as Punyü, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Since January 1975, Panyu County has been under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County was renamed to Panyu county-level city, still under Guangzhou's administration. It was subsequently renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. The present district covers an area of about 530 km2 (200 sq mi).
Precommitment
In psychology, precommitment is a strategy or a method of self-control that a person or organisation may use to restrict the number of choices available to them at a future time. Precommitment may also involve imposing obstacles or additional costs to certain courses of action in advance. Agents may precommit themselves when they predict that their preferences will change but wish to ensure that their future actions will align with their current preferences.

Precommitment has been studied as a bargaining strategy in which agents bind themselves to one course of action in order to enhance the credibility of present threats. Some scholars have proposed that collective political groups may also engage in precommitment by adopting constitutions that limit the scope of future legislation.

Choice
A choice is the range of different things from which a being can choose.  The arrival at a choice may incorporate motivators and models.

Freedom of choice is generally cherished, whereas a severely limited or artificially restricted choice can lead to discomfort with choosing, and possibly an unsatisfactory outcome. In contrast, a choice with excessively numerous options may lead to confusion, reduced satisfaction, regret of the alternatives not taken, and indifference in an unstructured existence;: 63 
and the illusion that choosing an object or a course, necessarily leads to the control of that object or course, can cause psychological problems.
P. Dillibabu
P. Dillibabu (born 12 February 1965) is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Harur constituency, which is reserved for candidates from the Scheduled Castes. He represented the Communist Party of India (Marxist) party. Previously he represented the same constituency as a Communist Party of India (Marxist) member in the 2006 elections.

The elections of 2016 resulted in the Harur constituency being won by R. Murugan. A deal between the CPI(M) and the Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi resulted in Dillibabu swapping that constituency for the Thiru. Vi. Ka. Nagar constituency, which was won by P. Sivakumar.

Dillibabu was born in Poorivakkam on 12 February 1965. He has a BA degree and is married with two children. He has been a State Committee Member of the Tamil Nadu Farmers Association and State Vice-President of the Tamil Nadu Malaivazh Makkal Association.

14th Tamil Nadu Assembly
The Fourteenth Assembly of Tamil Nadu was constituted after the victory of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and allies, in the 2011 state assembly election. J. Jayalalithaa became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu due to the election. She was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for the third time.
Józef Elsner
Józef Antoni Franciszek Elsner (sometimes Józef Ksawery Elsner;  baptismal name, Joseph Anton Franz Elsner; 1 June 1769 – 18 April 1854) was a Polish composer, music teacher, and music theoretician, active mainly in Warsaw. He was one of the first composers in Poland to weave elements of folk music into his works.

Elsner composed many symphonic, chamber, solo, and vocal-instrumental works, and works for the stage, including over 100 religious works (masses, offertories, oratorios, cantatas), eight symphonies, three concertos, three ballets, and thirty-eight operas. He is perhaps best known as the principal composition teacher of the young composer Frédéric Chopin.

National Theatre, Warsaw
The National Theatre (Teatr Narodowy) in Warsaw, Poland, was founded in 1765, during the Polish Enlightenment, by that country's monarch, Stanisław August Poniatowski. The theatre shares the Grand Theatre complex at Theatre Square in Warsaw with another national venue, Poland's National Opera.
Durodamus
Durodamus is a monotypic genus of spiders in the family Nicodamidae. It was first described in 1995. As of 2024, it contains only one species, Durodamus yeni, found in Queensland, Victoria, and South Australia.

Nicodamidae
Nicodamidae is a family of araneomorph spiders with twenty-seven species in seven genera. They are small to medium-sized spiders found near the ground of eucalypt forest in small sheet webs. The species of this family are only present in Australia and Papua New Guinea. In most cases the cephalothorax and legs are uniformly red and the abdomen black, for which these species are sometimes called the "red and black spiders".
Elva, Piedmont
Elva is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Cuneo.

Elva borders the following municipalities: Bellino, Casteldelfino, Prazzo, Sampeyre, and Stroppo. The Pelvo d'Elva mountain is located in the communal territory.

Flemish painter Hans Clemer was active here: some of his works can be seen in the late-Romanesque parish church.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
1979 Badminton World Cup
The 1979 Badminton World Cup was the 1st edition of an international tournament Badminton World Cup. The event was held in Tokyo, Japan from 20 January to 22 January 1979. Competitions for mixed doubles were not conducted. Indonesia won men's singles and men's doubles events while Japan won women's doubles and Denmark won women's singles event.

Badminton World Cup
The World Cup in badminton was an annual tournament organized by the International Management Group (IMG). It was held from 1979 to 1997. After the tournament ceased for seven years, Badminton World Federation decided to bring it back as an invitational tournament in 2005, but it was ended after the 2006 event.
Tumidocarcinus
Tumidocarcinus is an extinct genus of large crabs in the family Tumidocarcinidae, containing the following species:

Tumidocarcinus dentatus

Tumidocarcinus foersteri

Tumidocarcinus giganteus

Tumidocarcinus tumidus

Tumidocarcinus victoriensis

It is a host of the parasitic Kentrogonida barnacles.

Carpilioidea
Carpilioidea is a superfamily of crabs containing a single extant family, Carpiliidae and four extinct families. The modern range of the family includes the Indo-Pacific, Western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. The fossil record of the group extends back at least as far as the Paleocene.
Galium cliftonsmithii
Galium cliftonsmithii is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name Santa Barbara bedstraw. It is endemic to the coastal mountain ranges of California from Monterey to Los Angeles Counties. This is a perennial herb with slender, prickly climbing stems 30 to 60 centimeters long. The stems have whorls of four oval-shaped, pointed leaves tipped with hairs. The plant is dioecious, with individuals bearing either male or female flowers. Both types of flowers are yellowish and borne in small clusters. This plant was named for Clifton F. Smith, head botanist at the Santa Barbara Botanic Garden in 1958.

Santa Barbara Botanic Garden
The Santa Barbara Botanic Garden is a 78-acre  botanical garden (32 ha), containing over 1,000 species of rare and indigenous plants. It is located in Mission Canyon, Santa Barbara County, California, United States.

The purpose of the Garden is to display California native plants in natural settings. There are approximately 9.2 km (5.7 mi) of hiking trails within the garden.  Mission Creek flows through the premises, and includes a rock dam which was constructed in 1806 by Native Americans (mainly Canaliños) under the direction of the Spanish padres of the adjacent Mission Santa Barbara.
Sunpadh Rebellion
The Rebellion of Sunpadh was a Zoroastrian uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate in retaliation for the execution of Abu Muslim al-Khorasani. The rebellion seemed clearly driven by Sunpadh's close connection to Abu Muslim, as he was one of his companions and supporters. He threatened in marching to Mecca and destroy the Kaaba. The rebellion ended up being suppressed by the Arab commander Jahwar ibn Marar al-Ijli. Approximately 30,000 to 60,000 of Sunpadh's followers killed with Sunpadh killed by Jahwar al-Ijli or murdered by the relative of the Dabuyid ruler, Ispahbad Khurshid.

Rafida
Rafida (Arabic: رافضة, romanized: Rāfiḍa, lit. 'rejectors') is a polemical term referring to Shia Muslims. It derives from Shia Muslims' rejection of the legitimacy of Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644), and Uthman (r. 644–656) as caliphs, in favor of an Imamate beginning with Ali ibn Abi Talib (r. 656–661), the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

In particular, the term Rafida appears in Sunni polemics as a derogatory nickname for Twelvers, who constitute the majority of the Shia community. In turn, Twelvers have reappropriated this nickname favorably to signify their rejection of tyranny and their struggle against perceived Sunni oppression.
Stary Dzyedzin
Stary Dzyedzin (Belarusian: Стары Дзедзін; Russian: Старый Дедин, romanized: Stary Dedin) is a village in Klimavichy District, Mogilev Region, Belarus. It is part of Kisyalyova Buda selsoviet. It is situated on the right bank of the Ostyor River, a left tributary of the Sozh River, five kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the Ivatsevichy–Babruysk–Krychaw (P43) highway which leads to the Belarus-Russia border.

Babruysk
Babruysk or Bobruysk is a city in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Babruysk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. It is situated on the Berezina River. Babruysk occupies an area of 66 square kilometres (25 sq mi), and comprises over 450 streets whose combined length stretches for over 430 km (267 mi). As of 2025, it has a population of 205,502.

Babruysk is located at the intersection of railroads to Asipovichy, Zhlobin, Aktsyabrski and roads to Minsk, Gomel, Mogilev, Kalinkavichy, Slutsk, and Rahachow. It has the largest timber mill in Belarus and is known for its chemical, machine building, and metal-working industries.

In 2021, there were 38 public schools in Babruysk with over 24,000 students. There are three schools specializing in music, dance and visual arts. In addition, there is a medical school and numerous professional technical schools.
Scatter Creek Wildlife Area
The Scatter Creek Wildlife Area is a multi-unit protected area and wildlife preserve in southern Thurston County, Washington. Covering seven units, the area is owned and managed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) in cooperation with county government and volunteer organizations.

Camassia
Camassia is a genus of plants in the asparagus family native to North America. Common names include camas, quamash, Indian hyacinth, camash, and wild hyacinth.

It grows in the wild in great numbers in moist meadows. They are perennial plants with basal linear leaves measuring 20 to 80 centimetres (8 to 32 in) in length, which emerge early in the spring. They grow to a height of 30 to 130 cm (12 to 50 in), with a multi-flowered stem rising above the main plant in summer. The six-petaled flowers vary in color from pale lilac or white to deep purple or blue-violet. Camas can appear to color entire meadows when in flower.
Otto Friedrich
Otto Alva Friedrich (1929 in  Boston, Massachusetts – April 25, 1994 in  Manhasset, New York), was an American  author, and historian. The son of the political theorist, and Harvard professor Carl Joachim Friedrich, Otto Friedrich graduated from Harvard University in 1948 with a degree in history.
Upon graduation, he became a journalist and then the managing editor of The Saturday Evening Post in 1965. After the Post closed down, he spent the remainder of his career at TIME magazine, where he wrote more than 40 cover stories. During this time, he also authored more than 14 books on diverse subjects ranging from Hollywood in the 1940s to the rise of Nazi Germany, to Paris in the age of Édouard Manet. In 1970, he won the George Polk Award for his book Decline and Fall, about The Saturday Evening Post.
Otto Friedrich was married to Priscilla Boughton, with whom he had five children. He died of lung cancer at the North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, New York in 1995.

George Polk Awards
The George Polk Awards in Journalism are a series of American journalism awards presented annually by Long Island University in New York in the United States. A writer for Idea Lab, a group blog hosted on the website of PBS, described the award as "one of only a couple of journalism prizes that means anything". The award is described as follows:

For 75 years, LIU has been the proud home of the George Polk Awards in Journalism, the first major award of its kind to recognize reporting across all media. This prestigious honor focuses on the intrepid, bold, and influential work of the reporters themselves, placing a premium on investigative work that is original, resourceful, and thought-provoking.
Fuğanlı
39°21′14″N 47°05′39″E﻿ / ﻿39.35389°N 47.09417°E﻿ / 39.35389; 47.09417

Fuğanlı (Azerbaijani: Fuğanlı) is a village in Shukurbayli administrative-territorial unit of Jabrayil district, Azerbaijan, located on a plain, 6 km southeast of the city of Jabrayil.

Jabrayil
Jabrayil (Azerbaijani: Cəbrayıl, IPA: [dʒæbɾɑˈjɯl] ⓘ) is a city in Azerbaijan, nominally the administrative capital of Azerbaijan's Jabrayil District.

A town with Azerbaijani majority and Armenian plurality at various times during the Russian imperial era, and Azerbaijani majority since the Soviet times, it was abandoned since its destruction by local Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. On 4 October 2020, Azerbaijani forces retook the city during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War. Reconstruction of the city started in 2021, and the first residents returned in 2024.
A Cure for Pokeritis
A Cure for Pokeritis is a 1912 short silent film starring John Bunny and Flora Finch. After Bunny's death in 1915, a re-release was announced with the alternative title A Sure Cure for Pokeritis. The film, a domestic comedy, depicts a woman who stops her husband's gambling habit by having her cousin stage a fake police raid on his weekly poker game. It was one of many similar shorts produced by Vitagraph Studios—one-reel comedies starring Bunny and Finch in a domestic setting, known popularly as "Bunnygraphs" or "Bunnyfinches"—whose popularity made Bunny and Finch early film stars. The film has been recognized as an historically important representative of its period and genre.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Furman University
Furman University is a private university in Greenville, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1826 and named after Baptist pastor Richard Furman, the liberal arts university is the oldest private institution of higher learning in South Carolina. It became a secular university in 1992, while keeping Christo et Doctrinae (For Christ and Learning) as its motto. As of Fall 2021, it enrolls approximately 2,300 undergraduate students and 150 graduate students on its 750-acre (304 ha) campus.

United States Secretary of Education
The United States secretary of education is the head of the United States Department of Education. The secretary serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States, and the federal government, on policies, programs, and activities related to all education in the United States. As a member of the Cabinet of the United States, the secretary is sixteenth in the line of succession to the presidency. Prior to its creation as an Executive Department, there was a non-Cabinet level position called the United States commissioner of education who led the United States Office of Education.

The current secretary of education is Linda McMahon, serving in this role under President Donald Trump.
Prestwich Camera
Prestwich Camera was a cine camera produced by the Prestwich Manufacturing Company. It was eventually fitted with external magazines capable of holding up 400 feet (120 m) of film.
Several types of "Prestwich Camera" were manufactured in the late 19th century.  One of the earliest designs of this type held 50 feet (15 m) of film—more film than any other camera of the age.

According to Carl Louis Gregory,

An advertisement in Hopwood's "Living Pictures" edition of 1899 offers the "Prestwich" specialties for animated photography -- "nine different models of cameras and projectors in three sizes for l/2-inch, 1 3/8-inch and 2 3/8-inch width of film."

Movie camera
A movie camera (also known as a film camera and cine-camera) is a type of photographic camera that rapidly takes a sequence of photographs, either onto film stock or an image sensor, in order to produce a moving image to display on a screen. In contrast to the still camera, which captures a single image at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images by way of an intermittent mechanism or by electronic means; each image is a frame of film or video. The frames are projected through a movie projector or a video projector at a specific frame rate (number of frames per second) to show the moving picture. When projected at a high enough frame rate (24 frames per second or more), the persistence of vision allows the eyes and brain of the viewer to merge the separate frames into a continuous moving picture.
McCormick generating station
The McCormick generating station is a dam and power station built on the Manicouagan river by the Quebec & Ontario Paper Company and the Canadian British Aluminium Company 3 km (1.9 mi) west of Baie-Comeau, Quebec, Canada. It is named after colonel Robert R. McCormick (1880–1955), who owned and published the Chicago Tribune.

At the time of its commissioning in 1952, the plant contained two 55,000-hp (41.8 MW) turbines, which provided power to the paper mill, then owned by the American newspaper.

The McCormick plant sits next to Hydro-Québec's Manic-1 generating station and the two plants share the same reservoir. Its installed capacity has expanded over time to its current 335 MW capacity.

History of Hydro-Québec
Hydro-Québec is a Canadian Crown corporation public utility established in 1944 by the Government of Quebec. The company is in charge of the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity across Quebec. Its head office is located in Montreal.