hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abraham Lincoln and slavery
Abraham Lincoln's position on slavery in the United States is one of the most discussed aspects of his life. Lincoln frequently expressed his moral opposition to slavery. However, the question of what to do about it and how to end it, given that it was so firmly embedded in the nation's constitutional framework and in the economy of much of the country, even though concentrated in only the Southern United States, was complex and politically challenging. There was also the question, which Lincoln had to deal with, of what would become of the four million slaves if liberated: how they would earn a living in a society that had almost always rejected them or looked down on their very presence.

Compensated emancipation
Compensated emancipation was a method of ending slavery, under which the enslaved person's owner received compensation from the government in exchange for manumitting the slave. This could be monetary, and it could allow the owner to retain the slave for a period of labor as an indentured servant. In practice, cash compensation rarely was equal to the slave's market value. The enslaved themselves received no compensation.

A number of countries (see "Other nations and empires" section below) enacted forms of compensated emancipation. In the United States, however, no nationwide compensation system was ever put in place. Only the District of Columbia, which was under federal control, used compensated emancipation as part of ending slavery in 1862.
Maral Ishan Mosque
Maral Ishan Mosque (Kazakh: Марал ишан мешіті), traditionally also known as the White Mosque (Kazakh: Ақмешіт), is the central and oldest mosque in the city of Kostanay, Kazakhstan. It is recognized as a monument of history and architecture of the Kostanay Region.

Kostanay Region
Kostanay Region (Kazakh: Қостанай облысы, romanized: Qostanai oblysy) is a region of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is the city of Kostanay.  The population of the region is 835,686.  The population living in Kostanay is 207,000, which is equivalent to 23% of the region.
The Swinge
49°43′23″N 2°14′20″W﻿ / ﻿49.723°N 2.239°W﻿ / 49.723; -2.239

The Swinge is the strait between Alderney and Burhou in the Channel Islands. It often sees a furious tidal race (the Alderney Race), and Braye Harbour which faces it, has a mile-long breakwater to cope with this.

The etymology of the Swinge is probably Old Norse, related to Old Icelandic swinnr (swift, rapid)

Corbet Rock lies in the Swinge. Corbet Rock is said to have been named after the ancient Corbet family of the Channel Islands.

The Little Swinge is between Burhou and Les Nannels. The Race is the strait on the other side of Alderney.

Burhou
Burhou (pronounced ber-ROO) is a small island about 1.4 miles (2.3 km) northwest of Alderney that is part of the Channel Islands. It has no permanent residents, and is a bird sanctuary, so landing there is banned from March 15 to August 1. The island's wildlife includes a colony of puffins (declining in numbers) and many rabbits. The island has no landing stage as such, but visitors use a small inlet. In rough weather it may be impossible to land.

The Guernsey botanist E. D. Marquand called it, "the most desolate and lonely of all the islands in our archipelago." He once had to spend the night there, as his return journey was delayed by fog.

The 1906 book, The Channel Pilot states –

Between Ortac, Verte Tête and Burhou Island, are scattered many dangerous rocks, and ledges among which the streams run with great velocity.
Zymagotitz River
The Zymagotitz River is a tributary of the Skeena River located in the North Coast Regional District of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It originates in the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains, and flows south and west about 45 km (28 mi) to the Skeena River, about 10 km (6.2 mi) downriver from Terrace and about 100 km (62 mi) east of Prince Rupert.

Its watershed covers 389 km2 (150 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is 24.2 m3/s (850 cu ft/s).

The Zymagotitz River's watershed is within the traditional territory of the Tsimshian Kitsumkalum people. As of 2025, part of the watershed is under negotiation for aboriginal title according to the British Columbia Treaty Process, under which the Kitsumkalum First Nation is in the fifth of six stages.

Terrace, British Columbia
Terrace is a city in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia, Canada. This regional hub lies east of the confluence of the Kitsumkalum River into the Skeena River. On BC Highway 16, junctions branch northward for the Nisga'a Highway (BC Highway 113) to the west and southward for the Stewart–Cassiar Highway (BC Highway 37) to the east. The locality is by road about 204 km (127 mi) southwest of Smithers and 144 km (89 mi) east of Prince Rupert. Transportation links are the Northwest Regional Airport Terrace-Kitimat, a passenger train, and bus services.
Romane Bohringer
Romane Bohringer (French: [ʁɔman bɔʁɛ̃ʒe]; born 14 August 1973) is a French actress, film director, screenwriter, and costume designer. She is the daughter of Richard Bohringer and sister of Lou Bohringer. Her parents named her after Roman Polanski.

She won the César Award for Most Promising Actress for her role in Savage Nights.

César Award for Best Female Revelation
The César Award for Best Female Revelation (French: César de la meilleure révélation féminine) is one of the César Awards, presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding breakthrough performance of a young actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie, within a group of 16 actresses previously shortlisted by the Révélations Committee.

It was presented as the César du meilleur jeune espoir féminin from 1983 to 2004 and the César du meilleur espoir féminin from 2005 to 2023. In English, the award was variously referred to as Most Promising Actress or Best Female Newcomer.
Alfred Rimah
Lazarus Alfred Rimah or Rina is a Solomon Islands politician from the Solomon Islands Democratic Party. He was deputy governor of Guadalcanal Province.

In the 2024 Solomon Islands general election, he was elected to the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands in East Central Guadalcanal constituency.

Solomon Islands Democratic Party
The Solomon Islands Democratic Party is a political party in Solomon Islands. In a country in which political parties tend to be small and transient, and to obtain very few seats in Parliament, the Democratic Party has played a comparatively major role in recent history.
David S. Walker
David Shelby Walker (May 2, 1815 – July 20, 1891) was the eighth Governor of Florida, serving from 1865 to 1868. He served in the Florida House of Representatives and as Mayor of Tallahassee. He also served as a judge. He was a Whig before shifting parties.

Mayor of Tallahassee, Florida
The mayor of Tallahassee is the ceremonial head of the city government of Tallahassee, Florida and the chair of the City Commission. The position was created in 1992 and rotated between members, and eventually became an elected office in 2000 with Scott Maddox as its inaugural holder.

For part of the city's history the office of mayor was a rotating position chosen among city commissioners. Tallahassee switched to the direct election of its mayors in 1997.
Aspect (religion)
Aspect is a term used across several religions and in theology to describe a particular manifestation or conception of a deity or other divine being. Depending on the religion, these might be disjoint or overlapping parts, or methods of perceiving or conceptualizing the deity in a particular context.

Conceptions of God
Conceptions of God in classical theist, monotheist, pantheist, and panentheist traditions – or of the supreme deity in henotheistic religions – can extend to various levels of abstraction:

as a powerful, personal, supernatural being, or as the deification of an esoteric, mystical or philosophical entity or category;

as the "Ultimate", the summum bonum, the "Absolute Infinite", the "Transcendent", or Existence or Being itself;

as the ground of being, the monistic substrate, that which we cannot understand; and so on.

The first recordings that survive of monotheistic conceptions of God, borne out of henotheism and (mostly in Eastern religions) monism, are from the Hellenistic period. Of the many objects and entities that religions and other belief systems across the ages have labeled as divine, the one criterion they share is their acknowledgment as divine by a group or groups of human beings.
CountryLink
CountryLink was a passenger rail and road service brand that operated in regional areas of New South Wales, and to and from Canberra, Brisbane and Melbourne. Originally created as a business unit (or sub-brand) of the State Rail Authority of New South Wales, it later became a subsidiary of RailCorp. CountryLink operated rail services using XPT and Xplorer rolling stock, with connecting coach services operated under contract by private operators.

Its services were taken over by NSW TrainLink.

Roma Street railway station
Roma Street railway station is a commuter and long-distance passenger train station located in the central business district of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is the junction station for the North Coast, Main, Gold Coast and NSW North Coast lines. The station is one of four inner city stations that form a core corridor through the centre of Brisbane.

Although not easily visible to the public, the original 1873 Roma Street railway station building still exists within the modern complex and is listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Time and Tide (Split Enz album)
Time and Tide is the seventh studio album by the New Zealand new wave band Split Enz, released in April 1982. Recorded in Sydney starting the prior December, it topped the charts in New Zealand and Australia and won Best Australian Album at the Countdown Australian Music Awards. The album was re-released in a remastered edition in 2006, alongside the rest of the Split Enz catalogue. Of the ten albums in the remaster series, Time and Tide was one of four not to include any bonus tracks, the others being Second Thoughts, The Beginning of the Enz and Conflicting Emotions.

The Beginning of the Enz
The Beginning of the Enz is a compilation album from the New Zealand rock group Split Enz. It contains non-album singles and demos that pre-date the band's first album, 1975's Mental Notes. Three of these songs, "129", "Lovey Dovey" and "Spellbound",  were later re-recorded and included on Mental Notes and Second Thoughts.

The album reached number 35 in New Zealand, but did not chart in Australia.

An unrelated compilation album, Beginning of the Enz (dropping "The" from the title), was released in the UK in 1980 by Chrysalis Records.
Notts Rangers F.C.
Notts Rangers Football Club was an English football club, founded in 1868 under the name Nottingham St James.  They became Nottingham Rangers in 1880 and by 1886 were habitually referred to as Notts Rangers.

Nottinghamshire County Football Association
The Nottinghamshire Football Association, often known simply as the Notts FA, is the governing body of football in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. The Nottinghamshire FA runs a number of cups at different levels for teams across most of Nottinghamshire, as well as educating their affiliated clubs and members with relevant courses and events.  A small number of clubs in the north of the county are members of the Sheffield and Hallamshire County Football Association.
Vyara railway station
Vyara railway station is a railway station in Tapi district of Gujarat state of India. It is under Mumbai WR railway division of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. Vyara railway station is 61 km far away from Surat railway station. It is located on Udhna – Jalgaon main line of the Indian Railways.

It is located at 90 m above sea level and has two platform. As of 2016, electrified double broad-gauge railway line exists at this station. Passenger, MEMU, Express and Superfast trains halt here.

Surat railway station
Surat Railway Station (Code: ST) is a major railway station serving Surat, beside Gothangam, Kosad, Utran, Udhna Junction, Bhestan, Niyol and Sachin. It is under the administrative control of the Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Surat is A1 – category railway station of Western Railway Zone of Indian Railways. It is on the Ahmedabad–Vadodara–Mumbai rail route. The railway station was built in 1860.

Going north, Utran Railway Station is the nearest railhead. Udhna Junction Railway Station is to the south of Surat.

In early 2016, the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation rated the facility the best large station in India based on cleanliness. Railway station of Surat is on the first floor from ground.

The nearest international airport is Surat Airport.
Perfect Blue Sky
Perfect Blue Sky is the collaboration between Swedish black metal guitarist Pontus 'Pna' Andersson (Netherbird) and Australian alternative rock vocalist Jane Kitto. Combining their influences as songwriters, their sound is a hybrid between the 1970s psychedelic classic rock and 1990s grunge eras.

Netherbird
Netherbird was a Swedish metal band from Stockholm. Their signature sound was heavily influenced by the early 1990s Scandinavian black and death metal, as well as elements of doom, gothic and heavy metal present.
The Wrythe
The Wrythe is a district of Carshalton, South London in the London Borough of Sutton. It is 9.3 miles (15.0 km) south of Charing Cross and is surrounded by the adjacent areas of Hackbridge to the east, Morden and Mitcham to the north, and Sutton to the west. The area is commonly referred to as Wrythe Green, an old village green at the centre of the neighbourhood. The Wrythe had a population of 10,163 in the 2011 Census.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
2007 Kansas State Wildcats football team
The 2007 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season.  The team's head football coach was Ron Prince.  The Wildcats played their home games in Bill Snyder Family Stadium.  2007 saw the Wildcats finish with a record of 5–7, and a 3–5 record in Big 12 Conference play.

Ron Prince
Ronald Dale Prince (born September 18, 1969) is an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Kansas State University from 2006 to 2008 and Howard University in 2019, compiling a career college football head coaching record of 18–28. Prince was the assistant head coach and offensive line coach for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL) from 2015 to 2017.
Alkaff Mansion
Alkaff Mansion is an early 20th-century colonial bungalow located within the Telok Blangah Hill Park in Singapore. The hill was originally called Mt Washington, and was part of a sprawling land estate owned by a wealthy Arab Syed Shaikh bin Abdul Rahman Alkaff. Around 1918, Syed Shaikh Alkaff built the bungalow as his primary residence which he abandoned after World War II. The property was later acquired by the government.

Alkaff Mansion was subsequently tendered and awarded to food and beverage company LES, which occupied it from 2011 to 2016. In 2018, the tender for Alkaff Mansion was awarded to Jardin Enchante Pte Ltd by the Singapore Land Authority. "The Alkaff Mansion" under the 1-Group collective of lifestyle F&B concepts, now houses three dining concepts: Wildseed Café, 1918 Heritage Bar and UNA (a refined Spanish restaurant previously at One Rochester). The Alkaff Mansion began operations and was open to the public between April – May 2019.

Telok Blangah Hill Park
Telok Blangah Hill Park is a park situated at Telok Blangah Green, off Henderson Road, in Bukit Merah. It connects to Mount Faber Park via Henderson Waves bridge. Standing at 36m (118ft) above Henderson Road, it is the tallest pedestrian bridge in Singapore. Henderson Waves is renowned for its artistic, distinctive wave-like structure consisting of a series of undulating curved 'ribs'.

Telok Blangah Hill Park is also part of the Southern Ridges, which also comprises Mount Faber Park, HortPark, Kent Ridge Park and Labrador Nature Reserve.
Bled agreement (1947)
The Bled agreement (also referred to as the "Tito–Dimitrov treaty") was signed on 1 August 1947 by Georgi Dimitrov and Josip Broz Tito in Bled, PR Slovenia, FPR Yugoslavia and paved the way for a future unification of Bulgaria and Yugoslavia in a new Balkan Federation. It also foresaw the reunification of Vardar Macedonia and Pirin Macedonia and the return of Western Outlands to Bulgaria. The agreement abolished visas and allowed for a customs union. It was also the first time that Bulgaria recognized ethnic Macedonians and the Macedonian language.

Vardar Macedonia
Vardar Macedonia (Macedonian and Serbian: Вардарска Македонија, romanized: Vardarska Makedonija) is a historical term referring to the northern part of the broader Macedonian region, roughly corresponding to present-day North Macedonia. The name derives from the Vardar River and is primarily associated with the period of Serbian (1912–1918) and later Yugoslav rule (1918–1991).
Târlișua
Târlișua (Hungarian: Felsőilosva) is a commune in Bistrița-Năsăud County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of ten villages: Agrieș (Felsőpusztaegres), Agrieșel (Alsóegres), Borleasa (Lonkafalva), Cireași, Lunca Sătească, Molișet (Molisetitanya), Oarzina (Úrivölgy), Răcăteșu (Rakatyestanya), Șendroaia (Sándorvölgy), and Târlișua.

The commune is located in the northwestern part of the county, on the border with Maramureș County. It lies on the banks of the river Ilișua and its affluent, Valea Lungă.

Târlișua is situated at a distance of 41 km (25 mi) from the town of Năsăud and 69 km (43 mi) from the county seat, Bistrița.

Năsăud
Năsăud (Romanian pronunciation: [nəsəˈud]; German: Nassod, Nußdorf; Hungarian: Naszód) is a town in Bistrița-Năsăud County in Romania located in the historical region of Transylvania. The town administers two villages, Liviu Rebreanu (until 1958 Prislop; Priszlop) and Lușca (Szamospart).
Abdulkareem Usman Isah
Abdulkareem Usman Isahlistenⓘ is a Nigerian politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives, representing the  Lokoja Fonstituency in Kogi State. He was elected during the 9th National House of Representative, which commenced on June 11, 2019, his tenure was brief, which ended on October 24, 2019, when he was replaced by Shaba Ibrahim.

Shaba Ibrahim
Shaba Ibrahim (born January 1, 1967), is a Nigerian politician. He represents the Lokoja/Kogi Federal Constituency of Kogi State in the House of Representatives, under the People's Democratic Party (PDP).
Vinyāsa
A vinyasa (Sanskrit: विन्यास, IAST: vinyāsa) is a smooth transition between asanas in flowing styles of modern yoga as exercise such as Vinyasa Krama Yoga and Ashtanga (vinyasa) yoga, especially when movement is paired with the breath.

Mark Singleton (yoga scholar)
Mark Singleton is a scholar and practitioner of yoga. He studied yoga intensively in India, and became a qualified yoga teacher, until returning to England to study divinity and research the origins of modern postural yoga. His doctoral dissertation, which argued that posture-based forms of yoga represent a radical break from haṭha yoga tradition, with different goals, and an unprecedented emphasis on āsanas, was later published in book form as the widely-read Yoga Body.

Singleton was a senior research fellow at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London, working on the European Research Council-funded Hatha Yoga Project. As an editor of scholarly texts and essays on yoga, his works have been widely praised and well received by scholars. Gurus of Modern Yoga and Roots of Yoga are both considered important contributions to the field of yoga.
Big God (album)
Big God is a 1991 studio album by Christian music vocal group The Imperials and is their second album released on the Star Song label. The personnel line-up for this album consists of Armond Morales, David Will and two new singers Jonathan Pierce (who was credited on the album by his birth name Jonathan Hildreth. Pierce is his middle name.) and, in an Imperials first, Armond's sister Pam Morales. Morales would be the first and only female member of the group. Morales and Pierce replaced Ron Hemby and David Robertson whom both previously appeared on the 1990 album Love's Still Changing Hearts. Jason Beddoe was with the group temporarily but he left the group while in the midst of recording Big God so Armond brought Pam to fill in for Beddoe. This line-up would stay on until their next album Stir It Up (1992). Big God peaked at number 22 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart.

Love's Still Changing Hearts
Love's Still Changing Hearts is the 34th studio album by Christian music vocal group The Imperials released in 1990. This is the first album recorded on the Star Song label. This album's personnel line-up consists of Armond Morales, David Will, Ron Hemby and David Robertson. Robertson replaced Jimmie Lee Sloas in 1989 but only for this album as he would leave the group for a solo career. This is also Ron Hemby's final album with the group as both Hemby and Robertson were replaced by new tenor leads Jonathan Pierce and Jason Beddoe. Beddoe replaced Hemby but he left the group but Pierce would stay on to record their next album. Former member Sloas co-wrote the track "Goin' Away." The album's final track is a near-9 minute medley of six of the Imperials' best beloved songs and a cover of "Gospel Ship" called "Platinum Medley." Love's Still Changing Hearts peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart.
System bus
A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system,
combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent or read from, and a control bus to determine its operation.  The technique was developed to reduce costs and improve modularity, and although popular in the 1970s and 1980s, more modern computers use a variety of separate buses adapted to more specific needs.

The system level bus (as distinct from a CPU's internal datapath busses) connects the CPU to memory and I/O devices.
Typically a system level bus is designed for use as a backplane.

Bus snooping
Bus snooping or bus sniffing is a scheme by which a coherency controller (snooper) in a cache (a snoopy cache) monitors or snoops the bus transactions, and its goal is to maintain a cache coherency in distributed shared memory systems.  This scheme was introduced by Ravishankar and Goodman in 1983, under the name "write-once" cache coherency. A cache containing a coherency controller (snooper) is called a snoopy cache.
Chubanluy-e Sofla
Chubanluy-e Sofla (Persian: چوبانلوي سفلي, also Romanized as Chūbānlūy-e Soflá; also known as Chūpānlū-ye Pā’īn, Chūpānlū-ye Soflá, and Ḩeydarābād) is a village in Lakestan Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 159, in 35 families.

Lakestan Rural District
Lakestan Rural District (Persian: دهستان لكستان) is in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qarah Qeshlaq. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Soltan Ahmad.