hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Net café refugee
Net café refugees (ネットカフェ難民, netto kafe nanmin), also known as cyber-homeless (サイバーホームレス, saibā hōmuresu), are a class of homeless people in Japan who do not own or rent a residence (thus having no permanent address) and sleep in 24-hour Internet cafés or manga cafés. Although such cafés originally provided only Internet services, some have expanded their services to include food, drink, and showers. The term was coined in 2007 by a Nippon News Network documentary show NNN Document. The net café refugee trend has seen large numbers of people using them as their homes. The shifting definition of the industry partly reflects the dark side of the Japanese economy, whose precarity has been noted since the downfall of the national economy that has lasted for decades.

Capsule hotel
A capsule hotel (Japanese: カプセルホテル, romanized: kapuseru hoteru), also known in the Western world as a pod hotel, is a type of hotel developed in Japan that features many small, bed-sized rooms known as capsules. Capsule hotels provide cheap, basic overnight accommodation for guests who do not require or who cannot afford the larger, more expensive rooms offered by more conventional hotels.

The first capsule hotel in the world opened in 1979 and was the Capsule Inn Osaka, located in the Umeda district of Osaka, Japan and designed by Kisho Kurokawa. From there, it spread to other cities within Japan. Since then, the concept has further spread to various other territories, including Belgium, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Poland, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea.
St Mary's Church, Ipswich
St Mary's Church is a heritage-listed Roman Catholic church precinct at Mary Street, Woodend, Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1874 to 1970s. It is also known as the former St Brigids Convent. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Ipswich, Queensland
Ipswich (/ˈɪpswɪtʃ/ ⓘ) is an urban centre within the City of Ipswich in South East Queensland, Australia. Situated on the Bremer River, it is approximately 40 km (25 mi) west of the Brisbane central business district. Ipswich is renowned for its architectural, natural and cultural heritage, and the city preserves and operates from many of its historical buildings, with more than 6000 heritage-listed sites and over 500 parks. Ipswich was founded in 1827 as a mining settlement, and soon developed into a major commercial and population centre. The suburb of the same name serves as the city's central business district. In the 2021 census, the population of the urban area of Ipswich was 115,913 people.
PF-4840154
PF-4840154 is a pyrimidine derivative discovered by Pfizer at its Sandwich, Kent research center. The compound is a potent, selective activator of both the human (EC50 = 23 nM) and rat (EC50 = 97 nM) TRPA1 channels. This compound elicits nociception in a mouse model through TRPA1 activation. PF-4840154 is used as a reference agonist of the TRPA1 channel for in-vitro high-throughput screening purposes, and is superior to allyl isothiocyanate for this use. The TRPA1 channel is considered an attractive pain target based on the fact that TRPA1 knockout mice showed near complete attenuation of pain behaviors in some pre-clinical development models.

Nociception
In physiology, nociception /ˌnəʊsɪˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, also nocioception (from Latin  nocere 'to harm/hurt'), is the sensory nervous system's process of encoding noxious stimuli. It deals with a series of events and processes required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal to trigger an appropriate defensive response.

In nociception, intense chemical (e.g., capsaicin present in chili pepper or cayenne pepper), mechanical (e.g., cutting, crushing), or thermal (heat and cold) stimulation of sensory neurons called nociceptors produces a signal that travels along a chain of nerve fibers to the brain. Nociception triggers a variety of physiological and behavioral responses to protect the organism against an aggression, and usually results in a subjective experience, or perception, of pain in sentient beings.
Edward Bennett Williams
Edward Bennett Williams (May 31, 1920 – August 13, 1988) was an American lawyer, businessman, and sports team owner. He received his undergraduate degree from the College of the Holy Cross before studying law at Georgetown University. He worked for Hogan & Hartson in Washington, D.C., beginning in the 1940s and later co-founded the law firm of Williams & Connolly in 1967. Williams worked as the treasurer of the Democratic National Committee in the mid-1970s.

Williams also worked in professional sports, serving as the controlling owner of the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL) from 1965 to 1979 and as its president from 1966 to 1984. He later owned the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1979 until his death in 1988.

Georgetown University Law Center
Georgetown University Law Center is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C., United States. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment, with over 2,000 students. It frequently receives the most full-time applications of any law school in the United States. Georgetown is considered part of the T14, an unofficial designation in the legal community of the best 14 law schools in the United States.

The school's campus is less than a mile from the U.S. Capitol Building and U.S. Supreme Court. Prominent alumni include 11 current members of the United States Congress, federal and state judges, billionaires, and diplomats.
Patrick Hemingway
Patrick Miller Hemingway (June 28, 1928 – September 2, 2025) was an American wildlife manager and writer who was novelist Ernest Hemingway's second son and the first born to Hemingway's second wife Pauline Pfeiffer. During his childhood he travelled frequently with his parents and then attended Harvard University, graduated in 1950, and, shortly thereafter, moved to and lived in East Africa for twenty-five years. In Tanzania, Patrick was a professional big-game hunter and owned a safari business for more than a decade. In the 1960s, the United Nations appointed Hemingway to the Wildlife Management College in Tanzania as a teacher of conservation and wildlife. In the 1970s, he moved to Montana, where he managed the intellectual property of his father's estate. For example, he edited his father's unpublished novel about a 1950s safari to Africa and published it with the title True at First Light (1999).

Bozeman, Montana
Bozeman (/ˈboʊzmən/ BOHZ-mən) is a city in and the county seat of Gallatin County, Montana, United States. The 2020 United States census put Bozeman's population at 53,293, making it Montana's fourth-largest city. It is the principal city of the Bozeman, Montana, Metropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of all of Gallatin County, with a population of 118,960. It is the second-largest of Montana's statistical areas.
Skorpa, Møre og Romsdal
Skorpa is an uninhabited island in Herøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county Norway. Skorpa lies directly west of the island of Nerlandsøya, across the Skorpesund, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) west of the town of Fosnavåg. The island of Gurskøya lies 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southeast, across the Herøyfjorden. The Svinøy Lighthouse is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) to the east.

The terrain is steep and rugged, the highest point being the mountain, Keipen, at a height of 431 metres (1,414 ft) above sea level. There are no longer any permanent residents on the island, and today Skorpa is best known for vacation cottages and the herd of wild goats that live there. The farm Skorpa has registration number 1 for Herøy Municipality in the Norwegian land registry.

Herøyfjorden
Herøyfjorden is a fjord which bisects Herøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The fjord is about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) long and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) wide, between the islands of Bergsøya and Gurskøya. The fjord has a maximum depth of 175 metres (574 ft).

The fjord has many islands located within it including Herøya and Nautøya in the east. The Flåvær islands are located in the central part of the Herøyfjorden. It is a group of islets and skerries including Flåvær, Husholmen, Torvholmen and Varholmen. The Flåvær Lighthouse is located on Varholmen.

The village of Eggesbønes lies on the north shore of the fjord, just south of the town of Fosnavåg.
Jake Kean
Jacob Kendall Kean (born 4 February 1991) is an English football coach and former professional footballer, who is head of goalkeeping at EFL League One side Burton Albion.

As a player, he was a goalkeeper who played for Blackburn Rovers, appearing as their first choice keeper for both the 2012–13 and 2013–14 seasons before picking up a knee injury. He has since had loan spells with Hartlepool United, Rochdale, and Yeovil Town and Oldham Athletic. He signed for Norwich City in 2015 but failed to make a first team appearance and instead spent time on loan with Colchester United and Swindon Town. He later took in spells with Sheffield Wednesday, Mansfield Town and Grimsby Town before joining Notts County as a player/coach. Kean has played internationally for England under-20s once.

2012–13 Blackburn Rovers F.C. season
The 2012–13 season was Blackburn Rovers' 125th season as a professional football club. It was their first season back in the Football League Championship after an 11-year run in the Premier league English football.

Despite relegation the new season began with the owners backing Steve Kean. There were many signings in the summer, the most notable one being the signing of Jordan Rhodes for £8 million. The fee was a record transfer for a championship team and shattered the previous transfer record.
Bighorn River (Alberta)
The Bighorn River is a short river originating in the Alberta foothills, and is a tributary of the North Saskatchewan River. The river, as well as the nearby Bighorn Range and Bighorn Dam are named for the Bighorn sheep which dominate the area. The name first appeared in 1865.

Flowing under Mount McGuire, Bighorn River soon takes on Littlehorn and Sunkay Creeks, before plummeting over the impressive Crescent Falls. After the falls, the Bighorn travels through a significant canyon, before passing through the Bighorn Indian Reserve.  The river then empties into the North Saskatchewan River after Lake Abraham.

Abraham Lake
Abraham Lake, also known as Lake Abraham, is an artificial lake and Alberta's largest reservoir. It is located in the "Kootenay Plains area of the Canadian Rockies' front range", on the North Saskatchewan River in western Alberta, Canada.
Cyperochloeae
Cyperochloeae is a small tribe of grasses in the Panicoideae subfamily, found in Australia. It has only two species in two monotypic genera, Cyperochloa and Spartochloa. Cyperochloeae is sister to the tribe Thysanolaeneae. These two tribes, together with the Centotheceae, Steyermarkochloeae, Tristachyideae, Zeugiteae, and Chasmanthieae, form a monophyletic clade that is sister to the rest of the Panicoideae. They use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

Panicoideae
Panicoideae is the second-largest subfamily of the grasses with over 3,500 species, mainly distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions. It comprises some important agricultural crops, including sugarcane, maize (or corn), millet, sorghum, and switchgrass.

C4 photosynthesis evolved independently a number of times in the subfamily, which presumably had a C3 ancestor.
Gollis
Gollis is a Norwegian tourist attraction. It is a 9-metre (30 ft) tall Santa Claus made out of plastic materials. It is located in Lyngseidet in Lyngen Municipality in Troms county. Lyngseidet is 15 km north of the village of Furuflaten and 12 km by ferry from Olderdalen.

It has been claimed to be the world's biggest Santa Claus.

Furuflaten
Furuflaten (Norwegian), Vuošvággi (Northern Sami), or Vuosvankka (Kven) is a village in Lyngen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is located along the Lyngen fjord. Furuflaten is located at the mouth of the Lyngsdalselva river, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the village of Lyngseidet and about 54 kilometres (34 mi) straight southeast of the city of Tromsø.

The 0.42-square-kilometre (100-acre) village has a population (2023) of 240 and a population density of 571 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,480/sq mi).
Ivano Bordon
Ivano Bordon (Italian pronunciation: [iˈvaːno borˈdon]; born 13 April 1951) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. During his career he was regarded as one of the best goalkeepers in Italy, and had a successful career playing for several Italian clubs. At international level, he mainly served as a back-up to Dino Zoff, and was a member of the Italy national football team that won the 1982 FIFA World Cup, also taking part at the 1978 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 1980.

After retiring, he became a notable and successful goalkeeping coach with Juventus and the Italy national team that won the 2006 FIFA World Cup, under manager Marcello Lippi.

1984–85 Coppa Italia
The 1984–85 Coppa Italia was the 38th edition of the Coppa Italia tournament. Sampdoria defeated Milan in the final for their first cup title. The first stage of the tournament consisted of eight groups of six teams. The top two teams from each group advanced to the knockout stage. Every round of the knockout stage was contested over two legs.
Peter Bennett (producer)
Peter Bennett is a British television producer, although he has predominantly worked as a first assistant director.

Bennett's credits as a first AD began with Emily (1976) and has continued with many other feature films, including The Mummy, The Mummy Returns, Alexander and Syriana, as well as the television series Minder, Agatha Christie's Poirot, Sea of Souls, the revived Doctor Who and Torchwood.

He has also worked as a location manager (For Your Eyes Only, Octopussy and Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom) and as a production manager (Doctor Who).

In 2008, he produced the Torchwood serial Children of Earth, which led to his appointment as full-time producer (alongside Tracie Simpson) on the fifth series of Doctor Who, broadcast in 2010.

In 2014, he returned to Doctor Who to produce (alongside fellow producer Nikki Wilson) the eighth, ninth, and tenth series of Doctor Who which aired in 2014, 2015, and 2017.

Nikki Wilson
Nikki Wilson (née Smith) is a British television producer whose credits include Doctor Who and its spin-off The Sarah Jane Adventures. Her career had predominantly been as a script editor, in which capacity she worked on Trial & Retribution and Doctor Who.
Aba Nigeria Temple
The Aba Nigeria Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints located on the outskirts of Aba, Abia State, Nigeria, north of the Ogbor River. Announced on April 2, 2000, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley during general conference, it became the first temple in Nigeria, the second in West Africa, and the third in Africa, following those in Johannesburg and Accra.

The single-spire building is 11,500 square feet, has Namibian pearl granite on its exterior, and includes two instruction rooms, two sealing rooms, and a baptistry. The temple complex covers 6.3 acres and also includes patron housing, a stake center, and an administration office building.

Accra Ghana Temple
The Accra Ghana Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Accra, Ghana. The intent to build the temple was announced on February 16, 1998, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley. It is the first in Ghana. A single-story structure of more than 17,500 square feet, it was designed to reflect local culture and environment, using native materials such as Makore wood and Namibia Pearl granite. A groundbreaking ceremony, to signify the beginning of construction, was held on November 16, 2001, with Russell M. Nelson, then a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, presiding. After construction was completed, a public open house that was held, with more than 17,000 visitors attending. The temple was dedicated by Hinckley on January 11, 2004. The church's surrounding complex includes a missionary training center (MTC) and a stake center.
Master of Margaret of York
The Master of Margaret of York is the Notname of an illuminator active in Bruges between 1470 and 1480.  He owes his name to a devotional book he decorated for Margaret of York, wife of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy.  A large number of his illuminated books were executed for Louis de Gruuthuse. Several manuscripts have also been attributed to his assistants.

Notname
In art history, a Notname (German: [ˈnoːtˌnaːmə] ⓘ, "name of necessity" or "contingency name") is an invented name given to an artist whose identity has been lost. The practice arose from the need to give such artists and their typically untitled or generically titled works an acceptable if unsatisfactory grouping to avoid confusion when cataloging.

The phrases provisional name, name of convenience, and emergency names are sometimes used to describe anonymous masters. Nonce name was at one time used.
BK 3,7
The Bordkanone 3,7 (BK 3,7) ("on-board cannon 3.7") was a German 3.7 cm (1.46 in) anti-tank/bomber autocannon of World War II and based on the earlier 3.7 cm (1.46 in) 3.7 cm Flak 18 made by Rheinmetall.

It was mounted on Luftwaffe aircraft such as the Junkers Ju 87 G-1 and G-2; Henschel Hs 129B-2/R3; Messerschmitt Bf 110G-2/R1-3; Junkers Ju 88P-2 or P-3 and others. The cannon could be attached under the wings or the fuselage of the aircraft as self-contained gun pods with 12-round magazines. It fired Armour Piercing Composite Rigid (APCR, Tungsten-cored) ammunition or high-explosive shells at 160 rounds per minute.

3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37
The 3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37 was a series of anti-aircraft guns produced by Nazi Germany that saw widespread service in the Second World War. The cannon was fully automatic and effective against aircraft flying at altitudes up to 4,200 m. The cannon was produced in both towed and self-propelled versions. Having a flexible doctrine, the Germans used their anti-aircraft pieces in ground support roles as well; 37 mm caliber guns were no exception to that. With Germany's defeat, production ceased and, overall, 37 mm caliber anti-aircraft cannon fell into gradual disuse, being replaced by the Bofors 40 mm gun and later, by 35-mm anti-aircraft pieces produced in Switzerland.
Mars race
The Mars race, race to Mars or race for Mars is the competitive environment between various national space agencies, "New Space" and aerospace manufacturers involving crewed missions to Mars, land on Mars, or set a crewed base there. Some of these efforts are part of a greater Mars colonization vision, while others are for glory (being first), or scientific endeavours. Some of this competitiveness is part of the New Space race.

Mars landing
A Mars landing is a landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars. Of multiple attempted Mars landings by robotic, uncrewed spacecraft, ten have had successful soft landings. There have also been studies for a possible human mission to Mars including a landing, but none has been attempted.

As of 2023, the Soviet Union, United States, and China have conducted Mars landings successfully. Soviet Mars 3, which landed in 1971, was the first successful Mars landing, though the spacecraft failed after 110 seconds on the surface. All other Soviet Mars landing attempts failed. Viking 1 and Viking 2 were first successful NASA landers, launched in 1975. NASA's Mars Pathfinder, launched in 1996, successfully delivered the first Mars rover, Sojourner. In 2021, first Chinese lander and rover, Tianwen 1, successfully landed on Mars. The British Beagle 2 landed in 2003, but because of loss of contact and mission failure its landing would only be confirmed in 2015.
Log Gabor filter
In signal processing it is useful to simultaneously analyze the space and frequency characteristics of a signal. While the Fourier transform gives the frequency information of the signal, it is not localized. This means that we cannot determine which part of a (perhaps long) signal produced a particular frequency. It is possible to use a short time Fourier transform for this purpose, however the short time Fourier transform limits the basis functions to be sinusoidal. To provide a more flexible space-frequency signal decomposition several filters (including wavelets) have been proposed. The Log-Gabor filter is one such filter that is an improvement upon the original Gabor filter. The advantage of this filter over the many alternatives is that it better fits the statistics of natural images compared with Gabor filters and other wavelet filters.

Short-time Fourier transform
The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a Fourier-related transform used to determine the sinusoidal frequency and phase content of local sections of a signal as it changes over time. In practice, the procedure for computing STFTs is to divide a longer time signal into shorter segments of equal length and then compute the Fourier transform separately on each shorter segment. This reveals the Fourier spectrum on each shorter segment.  One then usually plots the changing spectra as a function of time, known as a spectrogram or waterfall plot, such as commonly used in software defined radio (SDR) based spectrum displays. Full bandwidth displays covering the whole range of an SDR commonly use fast Fourier transforms (FFTs).
History of Grand Forks, North Dakota
The recorded history of Grand Forks in the U.S. state of North Dakota, began with the trade between Native Americans and French fur trappers during the 19th century.  About 60 buildings or other historic sites in Grand Forks survive and are recognized among the National Register of Historic Places listings in Grand Forks County.

Downtown Grand Forks
Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. Located on the western bank of the Red River of the North, the downtown neighborhood is situated near the fork of the Red River and the Red Lake River. While downtown is no longer the dominant commercial area of the Greater Grand Forks community, it remains the historic center of Grand Forks.  An 80.4-acre (32.5 ha) portion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005, as Downtown Grand Forks Historic District.  Today, downtown Grand Forks is home to many offices, stores, restaurants, and bars.
Mukhurisi
Mukhurisi or Samokalako (English: The province of towns), is a historical place in West Georgia and was the central province of Lazica. Mukhurisi was located in a strategical location. The main trade routes in Lazica was passing through Mukhurisi.

Lazica
The Kingdom of Lazica (Georgian: ეგრისი, romanized: Egrisi; Laz: ლაზიკა, romanized: Laziǩa; Ancient Greek: Λαζική, romanized: Lazikḗ), sometimes called Lazian Empire, was a state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman period, from about the 1st century BC. Created as a result of the collapse of the kingdom of Colchis and the gaining of independence by the tribal-territorial units included in it in 131 AD.