hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1977 BYU Cougars football team
The 1977 BYU Cougars football team represented Brigham Young University (BYU) for the 1977 NCAA Division I football season. The Cougars were led by sixth-year head coach LaVell Edwards and played their home games at Cougar Stadium in Provo, Utah. The team competed as a member of the Western Athletic Conference, winning a share of the conference title for the second consecutive year, sharing the title with Arizona State with a conference record of 6–1.

The previous season, BYU was invited to the Tangerine Bowl, where they lost to Oklahoma State. Despite finishing the regular season with a record of 9–2 and ranked 17th in the AP Poll, the Cougars were not invited to a bowl game and dropped to twentieth in the final poll, and tied for sixteenth in the UPI Coaches Poll.

1977 Arizona State Sun Devils football team
The 1977 Arizona State Sun Devils football team represented Arizona State University during the 1977 NCAA Division I football season. This was Arizona State's final season as a member of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC).
Urban planning of Shanghai
The urban planning of Shanghai refers to various phases of planning and development of Shanghai, presently the largest city in China and one of the largest in the world. The topic is the focus of the city's Urban Planning Museum, located in People's Square beside City Hall.

Shanghai French Concession
The Shanghai French Concession was a foreign concession in Shanghai, China from 1849 until 1943. For much of the 20th century, the area covered by the former French Concession remained the premier residential and retail district of Shanghai. It was also one of the centers of Catholicism in China. Despite re-development over the last few decades, the area retains a distinct character and is a popular tourist destination.
Alina ochroderoea
Alina ochroderoea is the only species in the monotypic moth genus Alina of the subfamily Lymantriinae. The genus was erected by Paul Griveaud in 1976. The species was first described by Paul Mabille in 1898. It is found on Madagascar.

Lymantriinae
The Lymantriinae (formerly called the Lymantriidae) are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893.

Many of its component species are referred to as "tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections. Many tussock moth caterpillars have urticating hairs (often hidden among longer, softer hairs), which can cause painful reactions if they come into contact with skin.

The subfamily Lymantriinae includes about 350 known genera and over 2,500 known species found in every continent except Antarctica. They are particularly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and South America. One estimate lists 258 species in Madagascar alone. Apart from oceanic islands, notable places that do not host lymantriines include the Antilles and New Caledonia.
Arnoldi iteration
In numerical linear algebra, the Arnoldi iteration is an eigenvalue algorithm and an important example of an iterative method.  Arnoldi finds an approximation to the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of general (possibly non-Hermitian) matrices by constructing an orthonormal basis of the Krylov subspace, which makes it particularly useful when dealing with large sparse matrices.

The Arnoldi method belongs to a class of linear algebra algorithms that give a partial result after a small number of iterations, in contrast to so-called direct methods which must complete to give any useful results (see for example, Householder transformation). The partial result in this case being the first few vectors of the basis the algorithm is building.

When applied to Hermitian matrices it reduces to the Lanczos algorithm.  The Arnoldi iteration was invented by W. E. Arnoldi in 1951.

QR algorithm
In numerical linear algebra, the QR algorithm or QR iteration is an eigenvalue algorithm: that is, a procedure to calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix. The QR algorithm was developed in the late 1950s by John G. F. Francis and by Vera N. Kublanovskaya, working independently.  The basic idea is to perform a QR decomposition, writing the matrix as a product of an orthogonal matrix and an upper triangular matrix, multiply the factors in the reverse order, and iterate.
Jorge Loren
Lorenzo Javier Jorge (born 2 July 1984), also known as Jorge Loren, is a retired Spanish professional kickboxer and K-1 veteran. Loren was the Super Cruiserweight Champion of the Superkombat Fighting Championship. He is also the 2014 Superkombat World Grand Prix tournament champion and fought for the It's Showtime 95MAX world title, losing to Danyo Ilunga by decision after 5 rounds. He has also fought in Enfusion.

As of 1 August 2020, he was ranked the #4 middleweight in the world by Combat Press.

Danyo Ilunga
Danyo "Dibuba" Ilunga (born January 31, 1987) is a former Congolese-German Muay Thai kickboxer competing in GLORY. Ilunga is a five-time kickboxing and Muay Thai world champion - most notably being the former It's Showtime 95MAX World Champion. As of November 2021, he is the 9th ranked light heavyweight kickboxer in the world according to Combat Press.
Shrine of Prophet Hud and Salih
The Shrine of Prophet Hud and Salih (Arabic: مقام النبي هود وصالح) is a shrine located in the Wadi-us-Salaam cemetery in Najaf, Iraq. It is believed by locals to contain the tombs of Hud and Salih, two Prophets revered by all Muslims.

Najaf
Najaf is the capital city of the eponymous Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 was about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq.

It is the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib, and thus a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims. The largest cemetery in the world (Wadi-us-Salaam) and the oldest Shi'a Islamic seminary in the world (Hawza of Najaf) are located in Najaf.
MG J-type
The MG J-type is a sports car that was produced by MG from 1932 to 1934.  This 2-door sports car used an updated version of the overhead camshaft, crossflow engine, used in the 1928 Morris Minor and Wolseley 10 and previously fitted in the MG M-type Midget of 1929 to 1932, driving the rear wheels through a four-speed non-synchromesh gearbox. The chassis was from the D-Type with suspension by half-elliptic springs and Hartford friction shock-absorbers all round with rigid front and rear axles.  The car had a wheelbase of 86 in (2,184 mm) and a track of 42 in (1,067 mm).  Most cars were open two-seaters, but a closed salonette version of the J1 was also made, and some chassis were supplied to external coachbuilders.  The open cars can be distinguished from the M type by having cut-away tops to the doors.

Morris Minor (1928)
The Morris Minor is a small 4-seater car with an 850 cc engine (2 variations) manufactured by Morris Motors Limited from 1928 until 1934. The name was resurrected for another newer car for the same market in 1948.
Sam Bat
Sam Bat, officially The Original Maple Bat Corporation, is a Canadian company based in the town of Carleton Place, Ontario that manufactures baseball bats. It was the first company to supply baseball bats manufactured from maple wood to professional baseball players. As of 2013, it is one of 32 licensed baseball bat suppliers for Major League Baseball (MLB) and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) players. It is also a bat supplier for baseball leagues throughout the world, including Germany, Japan, Korea, Italy, Mexico, and the Netherlands. It is the official bat manufacturer for the Australian Baseball League.

The company was founded in 1997 by Sam Holman, who manufactured bats in his garage at the company's inception. Its president is Arlene Anderson, who with her husband Jim and investor Paul Balharrie acquired shares in the company in 2008.

Baseball bat
A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball to hit the ball after it is thrown by the pitcher. By regulation it may be no more than 2.61 inches (6.6 cm) in diameter at the thickest part and no more than 42 inches (1.067 m) in length. Although historically bats approaching 3 pounds (1.4 kg) or 48 oz were used, modern bats of 33 ounces (0.94 kg) are common, topping out at 34 to 36 ounces (0.96 to 1.02 kg).
Container ship
A container ship (also called boxship or spelled containership) is a cargo ship that carries all of its load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. Container ships are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo.

Container ship capacity is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). Typical loads are a mix of 20-foot (1-TEU) and 40-foot (2-TEU) ISO-standard containers, with the latter predominant.

Today, about 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container ships, the largest of which, from 2023 onward, can carry over 24,000 TEU.

Deadweight tonnage
Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight; abbreviated to DWT, D.W.T., d.w.t., or dwt) or tons deadweight (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers, and crew.

DWT is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight (i.e. when it is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at water level), although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity.
Herbert Stansfield
Herbert Stansfield AMIEE (1872 – 14 March 1960) was a British physicist and Professor at University College, Southampton (1912–32) whose research focussed on soap films, the Michelson Interferometer and the Echelon Spectroscope.

Royal College of Science
The Royal College of Science was a higher education institution located in South Kensington; it was a constituent college of Imperial College London from 1907 until it was wholly absorbed by Imperial in 2002. Still to this day, graduates from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Imperial College London receive an Associateship to the Royal College of Science. Organisations linked with the college include the Royal College of Science Union and the Royal College of Science Association.
Nibhaz
Nibhaz (Hebrew: נִבְחַז‎ Nīḇḥaz) was a deity of the Avim during the time of Shalmaneser I (2 Kings 17:31), who had been imported to Samaria after the fall of that city before Sargon II. Some indications of worship have been found in Syria, between Berytus and Tripolis, in the form of a dog, a contention first found in the Talmud. Others identify Nibhaz with the Persian god Ibnakhaza or even with the Babylonian Nebo. Those who understand Nibhaz as being related to dogs tie it to the Egyptian deity Anubis. There were several variants of Nibhaz in Greece, none of which give any clue to the identification of this god.

Nabu
Nabu (Akkadian: 𒀭𒀝, romanized: Nabû, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: נְבוֹ‏, romanized: Nəḇo) is the Babylonian patron god of literacy, scribes, wisdom, and the rational arts. He is associated with the classical planet Mercury in Babylonian astronomy.
2021 European Curling Championships
The 2021 European Curling Championships were held in September and November 2021, to qualify European curling teams for the 2022 World Curling Championships and World Qualification Event. The A and B division competitions were held from November 20 to 27 in Lillehammer, Norway. The C division competition was held from September 12 to 17 in Geneva, Switzerland.

The top eight men's teams qualified for the 2022 World Men's Curling Championship. The host of the qualifier (Finland) and the remaining team in the A division as well as the top three teams in the B division qualified for the 2022 World Qualification Event.

The top seven women's teams qualified for the 2022 World Women's Curling Championship. The next two teams in the A division and top two teams in the B division, not including the hosts, Finland, who automatically qualify, qualified for the 2022 World Qualification Event.

European Curling Championships
The European Curling Championships are annual curling tournaments held in Europe between various European nations. The European Curling Championships are usually held in early to mid December. The tournament also acts as a qualifier for the World Championships, where the top eight nations qualify. Starting in the 2026–27 curling season, the event changed into a standalone event, where the top 10 European member associations in previous season’s World Championships qualify.

In November 1974, a six-nations tournament was held in Zürich, Switzerland which included Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, and Norway. In March 1975, it was decided that the championships would be competed in December.  At the semi-annual general meeting in Gävle, Sweden in April 2004, a new competition called the European Mixed Curling Championships was formed.
2023–24 Leinster Senior Cup
The 2024 PTSB Leinster Senior Cup was the 120th edition of the Leinster Football Association's primary competition. It included all Leinster based League of Ireland clubs from the Premier Division and First Division, as well as a selection of intermediate and amateur level sides. The competition began on the weekend of 12 August 2023. A new group stage was added after the third round with all League of Ireland clubs entering the competition.

Leinster Senior Cup (association football)
The Leinster Senior Cup is an association football cup competition organized by the Leinster Football Association. It is currently contested by LFA affiliated League of Ireland clubs, Leinster Senior League Senior Division clubs and invited teams from the various LFA affiliated junior leagues. Before the introduction of the FAI Cup, it was considered the major cup competition for clubs in what is now the Republic of Ireland. It is also the oldest association football cup competition in the Republic of Ireland.
Serious Gaming
Serious Gaming is a professional gaming team based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It was founded in 2004 by entrepreneur Bas Peeperkorn. Serious Gaming is known for their achievements in first-person shooter Deathmatch tournaments, most notably those by Quake series players Maciej "av3k" Krzykowski and Cypher.

Esports World Convention
The eSports World Convention (ESWC) (formerly known as Electronic Sports World Cup until early 2016) was an international professional gaming championship. Every year, winners of national qualifier events around the world earned the right to represent their country in the ESWC Finals.

The ESWC was originally created by a French company, Ligarena, that had previously hosted smaller local area network (LAN) events in France under the name of LAN Arena. In 2003, Ligarena decided to do something on a larger scale and the ESWC was born. In 2005, Ligarena became Games-Services.

In 2009, ESWC was bought by another French company, Games-Solution, which became the owner of the brand.

In 2012, Oxent, an agency specialising in electronic sports, acquired the ESWC.

The grand finals and masters of ESWC have had a total prize purse of €1,721,000 between 2003 and 2010.

In October 2023, the ESWC brand was acquired by the Esports World Cup Foundation.
Mohan Nagar metro station
The Mohan Nagar metro station is located on the Red Line of the Delhi Metro. It is located in the Sahibabad Industrial Area locality of Ghaziabad of Uttar Pradesh. It is one of main and busiest metro station of Ghaziabad and also the future connectivity with Vaishali Blue line metro is Proposed. Situated Right next to WSM Malls, Hospital, colleges and Industrial area which gives this metro station an extra importance. People going to Anand Vihar or Vaishali can take Bus from outside the metro station also auto rickshaw to various places of Ghaziabad and Dilshad Garden is available from here.

Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) is a centre-state joint venture that operates the Delhi Metro and Noida Metro. The DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of metro rail, monorail, and high-speed rail projects in India, and abroad. The work of the DMRC is fragmented into various parts which are controlled by directors under the direction of a managing director.
Łosice transmitter
The Łosice transmitter is a facility for television and FM radio transmission sited at Chotycze in Łosice County, Poland. It uses a 313-metre-high guyed mast. The task of the transmitter is the signal coverage of the two largest cities in the region - Biala Podlaska and Siedlce. Approximate distance between both cities and the transmitter in straight line: 30 km.

Łosice County
Łosice County (Polish: powiat łosicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łosice, which lies 118 kilometres (73 mi) east of Warsaw.

The county covers an area of 771.77 square kilometres (298.0 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 30,395, out of which the population of Łosice is 7,049 and the rural population is 23,846.
Blåskimen Island
Blåskimen Island is a high, ice-covered island about 15 kilometres (8 nmi) north of Novyy Island, at the juncture of the Jelbart Ice Shelf and the Fimbul Ice Shelf, Queen Maud Land. The island rises about 300 metres (1,000 ft) above the general level of the ice shelf and is surrounded by this ice, except for the north side which borders the sea. The feature was roughly delineated by Norwegian cartographers working with air photos taken by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition in 1951–52 and the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in 1958–59. They called the island Blåskimen and included the area now called Novyy Island. The Soviet Antarctic Expedition mapped the feature in 1961 and showed it to be separated from Novyy Island.

Jelbart Ice Shelf
70°30′S 4°30′W﻿ / ﻿70.500°S 4.500°W﻿ / -70.500; -4.500
The Jelbart Ice Shelf is an ice shelf about 40 nautical miles (70 km) wide, fronting on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, northward of Giaever Ridge. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–1952) and named for John E. Jelbart, an Australian observer with the expedition who drowned near Maudheim Station on February 24, 1951.
Kuzhenkino (urban-type settlement)
Kuzhenkino (Russian: Куже́нкино) is an urban-type settlement in Bologovsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the north of the oblast, close to the border with Novgorod Oblast. Population:  2,834 (2010 census); 3,537 (2002 census); 3,969 (1989 Soviet census).

Kuzhenkino is located on the north of the oblast, close to the border with Novgorod Oblast.

Bologoye, Tver Oblast
Bologoye (Russian: Болого́е) is a town and the administrative center of Bologovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, as well as a major railway hub. It is located approximately halfway between Moscow and St. Petersburg on the railway route connecting the two cities. Population:  23,494 (2010 Census); 26,612 (2002 Census); 35,926 (1989 Soviet census).
1870 Shrewsbury by-election
The 1870 Shrewsbury by-election was fought on 21 September 1870.  The by-election was fought due to the Death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, William James Clement.  It was won by the Conservative candidate Douglas Straight.

Shrewsbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Shrewsbury is a parliamentary constituency in England, centred on the town of Shrewsbury in Shropshire. It has been represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since 2024 by Julia Buckley. 
A constituency for the town has existed since the 13th century; it was known as Shrewsbury and Atcham between 1983 and 2024.
Baptist Evangelical Convention of Paraguay
The Baptist Evangelical Convention of Paraguay (Spanish: Convención Evangélica Bautista del Paraguay) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Paraguay. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. The headquarters is in Asunción.

Baptist World Alliance
The Baptist World Alliance (BWA) is an international communion of Baptists, with an estimated 53 million people from 283 member bodies in 138 countries and territories as of 2025. A voluntary association of Baptist churches, the BWA accounts for about half the Baptists in the world, becoming Christianity's seventh-largest communion (see list of Christian denominations by membership).

The BWA was founded in 1905 in London during an international congress of Baptist churches. Its headquarters are in Falls Church, Virginia, United States. It is led by general secretary and CEO Elijah M. Brown, Karl Johnson of the Jamaica Baptist Union, Chair of the Alliance and Lynn Green of the Baptist Union of Great Britain, Vice Chair.
Bayo Lawal
Abdulraheem Adebayo Adeleke Lawallistenⓘ (born 14 April 1954) is a Nigerian lawyer and politician who has served as the deputy governor of Oyo State since July 2022, he was appointed to the position following the impeachment of Rauf Olaniyan on grounds of misconduct and a series of allegations leveled against him.

He was Chairman, Oyo State Housing Corporation. He graduated from the University of Ibadan with a bachelor's degree in law. He was appointed as Commissioner of Justice and Attorney General of Oyo State in 1999 by Lam Adesina and served till 2003.

Lam Adesina
Lamidi Ona-Olapo Adesina CON ((Listenⓘ); 20 January 1939 – 11 November 2012) was a Nigerian educator and politician who served as the governor of Oyo State from 1999 to 2003, as a member of the Alliance for Democracy (AD) party.
Ansari (surname)
Ansari or Al Ansari is a typically Muslim surname mainly found in the Middle East and South Asia. People with the surname Al-Ansari or Ansari are said to be the descendants of the Ansar tribesmen of Medina. Notable Ansaris include:

Furqan Ansari
Furkan Ansari (born 5 February 1948) is an Indian politician. A member of the Indian National Congress (INC), he was the Member of Parliament for the Godda constituency of Jharkhand in the 14th Lok Sabha (2004-2009). He is Senior INC Leader of Jharkhand and was a Member of Bihar and Jharkhand Legislative Assembly for five terms from 1980 to 2004.

His son Irfan Ansari is a Member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly for the Jamtara constituency; he too is an INC member.
Gloire-class ironclad
The Gloire-class ironclads were a group of three wooden-hulled armored frigates built for the French Navy in the late 1850s and early 1860s. Gloire, the lead ship of the class, was the first ocean-going ironclad warship to be built by any country. The ships of the Gloire class were classified as armoured frigates because they only had a single gun deck and their traditional disposition of guns arrayed along the length of the hull also meant that they were broadside ironclads.

French ironclad Gloire
The French ironclad Gloire (French pronunciation: [ɡlwaʁ], "Glory") was the first ocean-going ironclad, launched in 1859. She was developed after the Crimean War, in response to new developments of naval gun technology, especially the Paixhans guns and rifled guns, which used explosive shells with increased destructive power against wooden ships.  Her design was also influenced by the Anglo-French development of ironclad floating batteries to bombard Russian forts during the same war.