hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chalton Street
Chalton Street is a street in the Somers Town neighbourhood of London, England. Chalton Street is over a kilometre long and stretches from Euston Road to almost Camden Town, before taking a hard right turn and terminating at St Pancras Hospital.

The street defines the centre of Somers Town. It is notable as the home of Chalton Street Market. It lies directly to the east of Euston railway station, with Euston underground station having been built on Chalton Street. The southern part of the eastern side of Chalton Street is dominated by the Ossulston Estate. The street is also home to Regent High School.

The Ossulston Estate, including Chamberlain House, Levita House and Walker House is all grade II-listed, as are The Somers Town Coffee House (actually a pub, despite the name) and The Cock Tavern, which are attached to it.

Euston Road
Euston Road is a road in Central London that runs from Marylebone Road to King's Cross. The route is part of the London Inner Ring Road and forms part of the London congestion charge zone boundary. It is named after Euston Hall, the family seat of the Dukes of Grafton, who had become major property owners in the area during the mid-19th century.

The road was originally the central section of New Road from Paddington to Islington which opened in 1756 as London's first bypass. It provided a route along which to drive cattle to Smithfield Market avoiding central London. Traffic increased when major railway stations, including Euston, opened in the mid-19th century and led to the road's renaming in 1857. Euston Road was widened in the 1960s to cater for the increasing demands of motor traffic, and the Euston Tower was built around that time. The road contains several significant buildings including the Wellcome Library, the British Library and the St Pancras Renaissance London Hotel.
Derek Hodgson (priest)
John Derek Hodgson (15 November 1931 – 22 November 2007) was an Anglican priest in the last decades of the 20th century and the first of the 21st.

Born on 15 November 1931, he was educated at King James School, Bishop Auckland and St John's College, Durham. After a short service commission in the Durham Light Infantry he was ordained in 1954 and began his career with curacies in Hartlepool and Sunderland.  He held incumbencies at Stillington, Consett, and Gateshead before becoming Archdeacon of Auckland in 1983, serving for a decade. In 1993 he became Archdeacon of Durham and served for four years.
He died on 22 November 2007.

Archdeacon of Durham
The Archdeacon of Durham is a senior ecclesiastical officer of the diocese of Durham (Church of England). They have, within the geographical area of the archdeaconry of Durham, pastoral oversight of clergy and care of church buildings (among other responsibilities).
Heathkit H11
The Heathkit H11 Computer is an early kit-format personal computer introduced in 1978. It is essentially a Digital Equipment PDP-11 in a small-form-factor case, designed by Heathkit. The H11 is one of the first 16-bit personal computers, at a list price of US$1,295, (equivalent to $6,243 in 2024) but it also requires at least a computer terminal and some form of storage to make it useful. It was too expensive for most Heathkit customers, and was discontinued in 1982.

16-bit computing
In computer architecture, 16-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are  16 bits (2 octets) wide.  Also, 16-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. 16-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 16-bit microprocessors.

A 16-bit register can store 216 different values. The range of integer values that can be stored in 16 bits depends on the integer representation used. With the two most common representations, the range is 0 through 65,535 (216 − 1) for representation as an (unsigned) binary number, and −32,768 (−1 × 215) through 32,767 (215 − 1) for representation as two's complement. Since 216 is 65,536, a processor with 16-bit memory addresses can directly access 64 KiB (65,536 bytes) of byte-addressable memory. If a system uses segmentation with 16-bit segment offsets, more can be accessed.
Nederlandsch-Indische Escompto Maatschappij
The Nederlandsch-Indische Escompto Maatschappij (NIEM, lit. 'Dutch [East] Indies discount company') was a significant Dutch bank, founded in 1857 in Batavia, Dutch East Indies. In the first half of the 20th century, it was the smallest of the “big three” commercial banks, behind the Netherlands Trading Society and the Nederlandsch-Indische Handelsbank, that dominated the Dutch East Indies’ financial system alongside the note-issuing Bank of Java.: 703

In 1949, following Indonesian independence, its name was changed to Escomptobank. Its main operations in Indonesia were nationalized in 1958, and later integrated into Bank Mandiri. Its residual Dutch operations went through multiple restructurings and mergers, and count among the many predecessor entities of ABN AMRO.

Sawah Besar
Sawah Besar is a district (kecamatan) of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Its neighborhoods are among the most historic, containing the 1820-established Pasar Baru ("New Market"), the new colonial city – Weltevreden – and the old course of the Ciliwung River. Landmarks include the Lapangan Banteng (formerly Waterloo Square), the government's 19th century, low-rise A.A. Maramis Building and its high palmed-lawned vista (being the intended palace of Daendels), and Jakarta Cathedral.
Ceramic engineering
Ceramic engineering is the science of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials. This is done using either heat or precipitation reactions on high-purity chemical solutions at lower temperatures. The term includes the purification of raw materials, the study and production of chemical compounds, their formation into components, and the study of their structure, composition, and properties.

Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, with long-range order on atomic scale. Glass-ceramics may have an amorphous or glassy structure. They can be formed from a molten mass that solidifies on cooling or chemically synthesized at low temperatures using methods such as  hydrothermal synthesis.

Ceramic materials are used in the fields of materials engineering, electrical engineering, chemical engineering and mechanical engineering. Ceramics are heat resistant, so they can be used for tasks in which materials like metal and polymers are unsuitable.

Abnormal grain growth
In materials science, abnormal or discontinuous grain growth, also referred to as exaggerated or secondary recrystallisation grain growth, is a grain growth phenomenon in which certain energetically favorable grains (crystallites) grow rapidly in a matrix of finer grains, resulting in a bimodal distribution of grain size.

In ceramic materials, this phenomenon can result in the formation of elongated prismatic, acicular (needle-like) grains in a densified matrix. This microstructure has the potential to improve fracture toughness by impeding the propagation of cracks.
Leverage cycle
Leverage is defined as the ratio of the asset value to the cash needed to purchase it. The leverage cycle can be defined as the procyclical expansion and contraction of leverage over the course of the business cycle. The existence of procyclical leverage amplifies the effect on asset prices over the business cycle.

Margin (finance)
In finance, margin is the collateral that a holder of a financial instrument has to deposit with a counterparty (most often a broker or an exchange) to cover some or all of the credit risk the holder poses for the counterparty. This risk can arise if the holder has done any of the following:

Borrowed cash from the counterparty to buy financial instruments,

Borrowed financial instruments to sell them short,

Entered into a derivative contract.

The collateral for a margin account can be the cash deposited in the account or securities provided, and represents the funds available to the account holder for further share trading. On United States futures exchanges, margins were formerly called performance bonds. Most of the exchanges today use SPAN ("Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk") methodology, which was developed by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in 1988, for calculating margins for options and futures.
Katia Clement-Heydra
Katia Clément-Heydra (born 2 November 1989) is a Canadian ice hockey administrator, coach, and retired professional forward. She has served as manager of player services and hockey administration to the New York Sirens of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL) since autumn 2023.

Clement-Heydra's career included seasons played in the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL) and Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), and she has coached in the Premier Hockey Federation (PHF) and U Sports women's ice hockey.

2017 Clarkson Cup
The 2017 Clarkson Cup was a women's ice hockey championship that was contested for the second straight year at Canadian Tire Centre in Ottawa, Ontario, to determine the champion of the Canadian Women's Hockey League. Held on March 5, 2017, the Calgary Inferno competed against the Canadiennes de Montreal, a rematch of the 2016 Clarkson Cup finals. This marked the first time that the same two teams skated in consecutive Clarkson Cup finals.
Counterattack (newsletter)
Counterattack was a weekly subscription-based newsletter published from 1947 to 1955, with an emphasis on anti-communist content and organizing boycotts or other actions against those who were accused of communist associations or sympathies. The mimeographed newsletter was published by American Business Consultants, a "private, independent organization" started by three former agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Counterattack went into decline after a series of lawsuits by people who were named in the publication.

House Un-American Activities Committee
The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HCUA), popularly the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives created in 1938. Their goal was to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having communist ties. It became a standing (permanent) committee in 1946. Then, from 1969 and onward, it was known as the House Committee on Internal Security. When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

The committee's anti-communist investigations are often associated with McCarthyism, although Joseph McCarthy himself (as a U.S. senator) had no direct involvement with the House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate, not the House.
HD 111597
HD 111597 is a suspected astrometric binary star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. It has the Bayer designation p Centauri, while HD 111597 is the star's identifier from the Henry Draper catalogue. The system is visible to the naked eye as a faint point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.90. It is located at a distance of approximately 410 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and has an absolute magnitude of −0.53. The system is a probable member of the Sco OB2 association of co-moving stars. The visible component is a B-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of B9V.

Henry Draper Catalogue
The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published from 1937 to 1949 in the form of charts, which gave classifications for 86,933 more stars. In all, 359,083 stars were classified as of August 2017.

The HD catalogue is named after Henry Draper, an amateur astronomer, and covers the entire sky almost completely down to an apparent photographic magnitude of about 9; the extensions added fainter stars in certain areas of the sky. The construction of the Henry Draper Catalogue was part of a pioneering effort to classify stellar spectra, and its catalogue numbers are commonly used as a way of identifying stars.
1900–01 Copa Macaya
The 1900–01 Copa Macaya was the 1st staging of the Copa Macaya. This tournament is best known for being the very first football competition played on the Iberian Peninsula. The competition was held on the road between 20 January 1901 and ended on 14 April, and it was won by Hispania AC, narrowly beating FC Barcelona by just two points.

RCD Espanyol
Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: [rəˈjal ˈklub dəpuɾˈtiw əspəˈɲɔl də βəɾsəˈlonə]; "Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona"), commonly known as RCD Espanyol, is a Spanish professional sports club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The club competes in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football.

Founded in 1900 in Barcelona, Espanyol currently play their home games just outside the city at the RCDE Stadium, which holds up to 40,000 spectators. Domestically, Espanyol has won the Copa del Rey four times, most recently in 2006. In international competitions, the club reached the UEFA Cup final in 1988 and 2007. It has a long-standing local rivalry with FC Barcelona.
2022 World Taekwondo Championships – Men's finweight
The men's finweight is a competition featured at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships, and was held at the Centro Acuático CODE Metropolitano in Guadalajara, Mexico on 19 November 2022. Finweights were limited to a maximum of 54 kilograms in body mass.

2022 World Taekwondo Championships
The 2022 World Taekwondo Championships was the 25th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships and was held at the Centro Acuático CODE Metropolitano, in Guadalajara, Mexico from 13 to 20 November 2022. It was at first scheduled to be held in Wuxi, China in 2021, but withdrawn due to the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic to get the 2025 edition. In January 2022, the event was first moved to Cancún, Mexico. This was the second time after 2013, that Mexico has held the event.
2025 Barbadian presidential election
The 2025 Barbadian presidential election was held on 7 October 2025 to choose the second president of Barbados, an office established as part of Barbados becoming a republic. Dame Sandra Mason, the incumbent president, was elected and replaced Queen Elizabeth II as head of state of Barbados when she was sworn in on 30 November 2021, and completed her term on 29 November 2025.

Lt. Col. Jeffrey Bostic was nominated jointly on 16 September 2025, thereby making him the only candidate to be presented for this election. His candidacy was not objected to in the joint sitting of Parliament in which the election took place. Thus, he was acclaimed as President-elect, in accordance with the Constitution, in a walkover and was sworn in on 30 November 2025.

Walkover
A walkover, also W.O. or w/o (originally two words: "walk over"), is a victory awarded to the opposing team/player, etc., if there are no other players available, or they have been disqualified, because the other contestants have forfeited or the other contestants have withdrawn from the contest. The term can apply in sport, elections or other contexts where a victory can be achieved by default. The narrow and extended meanings of "walkover" as a single word are both found from 1829. Other sports-specific variations of the term exist,  especially where walking is not involved: competitive rowing, for example, uses the term row over.
Polish Paralympic Committee
The Polish Paralympic Committee (Polish: Polski Komitet Paralimpijski, official acronym PKPar) is the National Paralympic Committee representing Poland.

The committee has existed since 1998. The initiators of the establishment of PKPar were the Polish Disabled Sports Association (Polish: Polski Związek Sportu Niepełnosprawnych, "Start"), the Polish Social and Sports Association (Polish: Polskie Towarzystwo Społeczno-Sportowe, "Sprawni Razem") and the Disabled Health Protection Foundation (Polish: Fundacja Ochrony Zdrowia Inwalidów). PKPar is a member of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and the European Paralympic Committee (EPC). The basic goals of the committee are promoting the idea of Paralympism, co-organizing the Paralympic movement in Poland and securing the formal participation of Polish athletes in the Paralympic Games.

National Paralympic Committee
A National Paralympic Committee (NPC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Paralympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), NPCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Paralympic Games.
Fawzi Bashir
Fawzi Bashir Rajab Bait Doorbeen (Arabic: فوزي بشير رجب بيت دوربين; born 6 May 1984), commonly known as Fawzi Bashir, is an Omani former footballer who last played for Dhofar S.C.S.C. in Oman Professional League. He has also played for the Oman national team.

19th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 19th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: كأس الخليج العربي) was the nineteenth edition of the biannual Gulf Cup competition. It took place in Muscat, Oman, from 4 to 17 January 2009, with Oman emerging as the winner for the first time in its history, following a penalty shootout against regional rivals Saudi Arabia.

The 19th Arabian Gulf Cup marked a milestone in the competition when it was broadcast for the first time in HD, and featured virtual graphics, such as distance between free kick barrier and the goal, 9.15 m circle for free-kicks, and off-side line detection with help from Al-Jazeera Sports. Many praised Al-Jazeera for their excellent coverage of the competition, noting that the camerawork was very similar to UEFA Euro 2008.
Jack C. Inman
Jack Clay Inman (January 26, 1925 – November 24, 2015) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives.

Born in DeLand, Florida, the son of Clare Higley and Frank Lindon Inman, Inman attended at DeLand High School. He went on to attend Stetson University and the Stetson University College of Law, He then served in the United States Navy during World War II, where he was a communications officer.

In 1957, Inman was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, succeeding Henry W. Land. In 1961, he was succeeded by John L. Ducker. Inman was later an insurance commissioner in Florida, and owned Corporate Group Service.

Inman died in November 2015 at the age of 90.

John L. Ducker
John Lackner Ducker (September 3, 1922 – April 15, 2014) was an American politician in the state of Florida. He was an attorney by profession.

Ducker was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky. He attended Yale University and Yale Law School, attaining his law degree in 1950. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1960 to 1968.
He was elected to the State Senate in 1968, serving until 1971.

Ducker was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He was also active in the Young Republicans Club, American Legion, Bar Association of Florida, Sportsmen Association, Chamber of Commerce, Episcopal Church, and Boy Scouts. Ducker served in the United States Army's Signal Corps as a second lieutenant during World War II. He died on April 15, 2014, at the age of 91.
Cranberry Rough, Hockham
Cranberry Rough is an 81.1-hectare (200-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in the parish of Hockham, east of Attleborough in Norfolk, England. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2, and the Great Eastern Pingo Trail, which is a Local Nature Reserve, goes through the site. Part of it is a Geological Conservation Review site, and it is part of the Breckland Special Protection Area.

The area is the site of a former lake known as Hockham Mere, which was drained and dried up by the middle of the 18th century.   It has swamp woodland, grassland, tall fen and a network of ditches and pools, with a diverse range of wetland plants and insects, especially butterflies, dragonflies and damselflies. Large areas are covered with sphagnum mosses. Its biogenic sediments contain a late-Devensian & Holocene pollen record.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Woodman's of Essex
Woodman's of Essex is a seafood restaurant in Essex, Massachusetts (approximately 26 miles (42 km) north of Boston). A local favorite, it is also known internationally for its fried clams and New England clam bakes. Woodman's has been a family business since its founding in 1914, and is a large employer in the area with over 200 staff during the summer months.

Clam digging
Clam digging is the way to harvest clams (edible infaunal bivalve mollusks) from below the surface of the tidal sand flats or mudflats where they live, by digging. It is done both recreationally (for enjoyment or as a source of food) and commercially (as a source of income). Commercial digging in Canada and the United States is colloquially referred to as clamming, and is done by a clammer.

Native Americans on the Pacific coast have been harvesting clams for many years. Clams have been a historical food source tribes such as the Coos tribe.
2024 West Virginia Senate election
The 2024 West Virginia Senate election was held on November 5, 2024, with 17 of the chamber's 34 seats up for election. This took place alongside elections to the House of Delegates, as well as a number of statewide elected positions and elections to Congress and the Presidency. Primary elections were held on May 14, 2024.

Robert L. Karnes
Robert Lee Karnes is an American politician born in and representing West Virginia. He is known for controversial, conservative rhetoric. He is a former Republican member of the West Virginia Senate, representing the 11th district from 2014 until 2018 and from 2020 to 2024.

Karnes initially took office after defeating Incumbent Democratic Senator Greg Tucker in 2014. This was the first election cycle in which West Virginian Republicans gained control in either the state House or Senate in over 80 years. Karnes then won re-election in the 2020 General Election after defeating Incumbent Republican Senator John Pitsenbarger in the 2020 Republican primary and Democrat Denise Campbell in the general election.

Karnes ran for re-election in 2024 but was defeated in the Republican primary by Robbie Morris.