hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claudius Gothicus
Marcus Aurelius Claudius "Gothicus" (10 May 214 – August/September 270), also known as Claudius II, was Roman emperor from 268 to 270. During his reign he fought successfully against the Alemanni and decisively defeated the Goths at the Battle of Naissus. He died after succumbing to a "pestilence", possibly the Plague of Cyprian that had ravaged the provinces of the Empire.

Joannes Zonaras
Joannes or John Zonaras (Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Ζωναρᾶς Iōánnēs Zōnarâs; c. 1070 – c. 1140) was a Byzantine Roman historian, chronicler and theologian who lived in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey). Under Emperor Alexios I Komnenos he held the offices of head justice and private secretary (protasēkrētis) to the emperor, but after Alexios' death, he retired to the monastery on the Island of Hagia Glykeria, (İncir Adası, in the Bay of Tuzla), where he spent the rest of his life writing books.
Fiona Powrie
Dame Fiona Margaret Powrie DBE FRS FMedSci (born 1963) is currently the head of the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology at the University of Oxford. Formerly she was the inaugural Sidney Truelove Professor of Gastroenterology at the University of Oxford. She is also head of the Experimental Medicine Division of the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine.

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
Abdul-Rahman al-Bazzaz
Abdul Rahman al-Bazzaz (Arabic: عبد الرحمن البزاز;‎ 20 February 1913 – 28 June 1973) was an Iraqi politician, reformist and writer who served as prime minister of Iraq from 1965 to 1966 and as the interim president in 1966.

A pan-Arab nationalist politician, Al-Bazzaz served as the Dean of Baghdad Law College prior to his appointment as prime minister. His main political project was the professionalization of the government through increasing access to civilian expertise. That civic agenda came at the expense of the military. Following the 1968 coup in Iraq, Al-Bazzaz was charged by the Ba'athist government for participating in dissident activities against the government, and he was tortured and imprisoned for fifteen months. Al-Bazzaz was released because of illness in 1970 and moved to London for treatment. He died in Baghdad on 28 June 1973.

Prime Minister of Iraq
The prime minister of the Republic of Iraq is the foremost executive of the Iraqi government and the commander-in-chief of the Iraqi Armed Forces. The premier is responsible for the general policy of the state and directs the Council of Ministers, with the power to dismiss and name any senior executive, including ministers and generals. In addition to the armed forces, the premier has direct authority over all of those intelligence and security agencies under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Prime Minister, such as the CTS and the INIS.

Under the informally adopted ethno-sectarian quota system known as Muhasasa, the position of prime minister is reserved for a Shia Muslim.

On 27 October 2022, Mohammed Shia' al-Sudani became the incumbent prime minister.
2016 United Kingdom floods
In June 2016, parts of the United Kingdom were struck by serious flash floods. Starting on 7 June, thunderstorms caused intense rainfall in many locations across the country, particularly in the north of England and in London, causing repeated flash floods in several locations on a daily basis.

The flooding in the United Kingdom followed further flooding on the European mainland throughout May and June 2016, although the two events were caused by different weather systems.

M5 motorway
The M5 is a motorway in England. It runs south-west from the M6 at junction 8 (West Bromwich), north-west of Birmingham to Exeter in Devon. The M5 runs through Sandwell Valley and its early sections form part of the Birmingham Motorway Box, after which it passes Worcester, Cheltenham, and Gloucester. It intersects with the M4 motorway at Almondsbury Interchange north of Bristol, then serves Taunton, and Tiverton, before terminating at junction 31 to the south of Exeter. At a total length of 163 miles (262 km), the M5 is the fourth-longest motorway in the UK.
Wola Blakowa
Wola Blakowa [ˈvɔla blaˈkɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lgota Wielka, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-west of Lgota Wielka, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Radomsko, and 74 km (46 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Lgota Wielka, Łódź Voivodeship
Lgota Wielka [ˈlɡɔta ˈvjɛlka] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Lgota Wielka. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Radomsko and 72 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Court dress
Court dress comprises the style of clothes and other attire prescribed for members of courts of law. Depending on the country and jurisdiction's traditions, members of the court (judges, magistrates, and so on) may wear formal robes, gowns, collars, or wigs. Within a certain country and court setting, there may be many times when the full formal dress is not used. Examples in the UK include many courts and tribunals including the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, and sometimes trials involving children.

Livery collar
A livery collar or chain of office is a collar or heavy chain, usually of gold, worn as insignia of office or a mark of fealty or other association in Europe from the Middle Ages onwards.

One of the oldest and best-known livery collars is the Collar of Esses, which has been in continuous use in England since the 14th century.
Komaj sehen
Komaj Sehen is a type of pastry specific to the Kerman Province of Iran. For baking, Wheat sprout flour is mixed with regular flour such as wheat flour to make the dough. Before cooking, dates and walnuts, almonds or pistachio mixed with spices such as clove and fennel seeds are placed in the middle layers of the paste. The sweets are prepared without additive sugar and preservatives, yet the pastry can keep for a long time out of the refrigerator. Due to the very high-calorie ingredients in the pastry, eating a piece of it with a glass of milk provides a feeling of satiety. In Turkey, Shahin Kurabiyesi is made of dough, dates, almonds, walnuts, pistachioes, and sugar.

Dough
Dough is a malleable, sometimes elastic paste made from flour (which itself is made from grains or from leguminous or chestnut crops). Dough is typically made by mixing flour with a small amount of water or other liquid and sometimes includes yeast or other leavening agents, as well as ingredients such as fats or flavourings.

Making and shaping dough begins the preparation of a wide variety of foodstuffs, particularly breads and bread-based items, but also including biscuits, cakes, cookies, dumplings, flatbreads, noodles, pasta, pastry, pizza, piecrusts, scones and similar items. Dough can be made from a wide variety of flour, commonly wheat and rye but also maize, rice, legumes, almonds, and other cereals or crops.
Narendra Singh (politician)
Raja Narendra Singh (died 22 January 2024) was an Indian politician from the state of Uttarakhand, India. Raja Narendra Singh was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and formerly the Bharatiya Lok Dal, representing the Laksar Vidhan Sabha Constituency. He lived in Landhaura state and was the father of Kunwar Pranav Singh.

Pranav Singh
Kunwar Pranav Singh (born 6 April 1966) is an Indian politician who served as member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly where he represented the Khanpur and Laksar constituencies for two terms each.
He was elected for four consecutive terms and was one of the senior members of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. He has also served as a cabinet-rank official in the previous state governments under the Chief-Ministership of N. D. Tiwari, Vijay Bahuguna & Harish Rawat.
Dewcell
A dewcell (also dewcel or dew cell) is an instrument used for determining the dew point. They consist of a small heating element surrounded by a solution of lithium chloride (LiCl). As the LiCl absorbs moisture from the air, conduction across the heating element increases, current in it increases, and heat increases, evaporating moisture from the salt solution.  At a certain temperature the amount of moisture absorbed by the salt solution equals the amount evaporated (equilibrium).

Inside the dewcell core a thermistor composite (or other temperature measurement device) changes electrical resistance with the temperature created by the heating.  A front end processor provides a reference voltage, measures the output of the network, and calculates the dew point.

Dew point
The dew point is the temperature that air, of a constant absolute humidity and pressure, must be cooled to in order for the relative humidity to rise to 100%. This temperature is a thermodynamic property that depends on the pressure and water content of the air. When the air at a temperature above the dew point is cooled, its moisture capacity is reduced, and when the temperature passes below the dew point water vapor will condense, or precipitate, to form liquid water. When this occurs through the air's contact with a colder surface, the precipitate on that surface is dew.

The dew point is affected by the air's absolute humidity. The more moisture the air contains, the higher its dew point.

When the temperature is below the freezing point of water, the dew point is called the frost point, as frost is formed via deposition rather than condensation.
In liquids, the analog to the dew point is the cloud point.
Gandainqoikor
Lhünzhub, or Ganden Chökhor (Tibetan: དགའ་ལྡན་ཆོས་འཁོར, Chinese: 甘丹曲果镇) is a small town, the administrative center of Lhünzhub County in the Lhasa Prefecture of Tibet, China. It is located northeast of Lhasa.

Lhünzhub has jurisdiction over six villages, with a population of 7349 people, all ethnic Tibetan. 
The economy is dominated by agriculture and animal husbandry.
There are 27,640 acres (11,190 ha) of arable land producing barley, wheat, rape and other crops. 
The town has a primary school and a clinic. There is a small hydropower station.
The town lies on the Pengbo River.

The average temperature is 6.9 °C (44.4 °F) and the average annual precipitation is 414 millimetres (16.3 in). 
January is the driest month, with no rainfall, and August is the wettest with an average of 122 millimetres (4.8 in).

Lhünzhub County
Lhünzhub County, or Linzhou County (Chinese: 林周县) is a county in Lhasa towards the north-east of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet, China.
It covers an area of 4,512 km2 (1,742 sq mi) and as of 2000 had a population of 50,895 people, almost all classified as rural. The southern portion, the Pengbo River Valley, contains fertile arable land, while the colder and more mountainous northern portion primarily supports grazing. The county has many monasteries, including the Reting Monastery.

The county was established as Lhünzhub Dzong in 1857. In 1959, it merged with Pundo Dzong (Chinese: 旁多两宗) to form the modern Lhünzhub County.
1999 Renfrewshire Council election
Elections to Renfrewshire Council were held on 6 May 1999, as part of the 1999 Scottish local elections, alongside elections to the Scottish Parliament. This was the second election following the local government reforms in 1994 and the first following the Third Statutory Reviews of Electoral Arrangements since the previous election.

1999 Scottish local elections
Local elections were held in Scotland on 6 May 1999, the same day as First Scottish Parliament elections. It was the second election for all 32 Scottish councils and the first after a major review into all wards.
2002 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B
Group B of the 2002 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group I of the 2002 Fed Cup. Five teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top two teams advancing to the play-offs and the bottom team being relegated to Group II for next year.

2002 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2002 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Those that qualified for this stage placed first and second in their respective pools.

The four teams were then paired up the team from a different placing of the other group for a play-off tie, with the winners being promoted to the World Group play-offs.
2023 Duke's Mayo Bowl
The 2023 Duke's Mayo Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 27, 2023, at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. The 22nd annual Duke's Mayo Bowl featured North Carolina of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and West Virginia of the Big 12 Conference. The game began at approximately 5:30 p.m. EST and was aired on ESPN. The Duke's Mayo Bowl was one of the 2023–24 bowl games concluding the 2023 FBS football season. The game's title sponsor was Duke's Mayonnaise.

2023–24 NCAA football bowl games
The 2023–24 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football bowl games in the United States, primarily played to complete the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Team-competitive bowl games in FBS began on December 16 and concluded with the 2024 College Football Playoff National Championship on January 8, 2024, which was won by the Michigan Wolverines. The all-star portion began on January 13 and concluded on February 24.
2022 Brabantse Pijl
The 2022 Brabantse Pijl was the 62nd edition of the Brabantse Pijl cycle race and was held on 13 April 2022. The race covered 205.1 km (127.4 mi), starting in Leuven and finishing in Overijse. Magnus Sheffield of Ineos Grenadiers took the win with a 3.5km solo. As one of the 3 Ineos Grenadiers team riders in it, he attacked from a leading group of 7 and managed to hold them off to the line to take his second career victory.

Brabantse Pijl (men's race)
The Brabantse Pijl (English: Brabant Arrow, French: Flèche Brabançonne or Flèche Branconne) is a Flanders Classics road bicycle race held annually in Flemish Brabant and in Walloon Brabant, Belgium. The race was organised as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour from 2005 to 2009, a 1.HC event from 2010 to 2019, and since 2020 has been part of the UCI ProSeries.

Zaventem used to be the city of start; in 2008 however, Leuven became the place of start. Until 2009, the finish was located in Alsemberg and, in 2010, it moved to Overijse. Also in 2010, the fixed date of the Brabantse Pijl shifted from the Sunday before the Tour of Flanders to the Wednesday before the Amstel Gold Race.

In 2011, the race was upgraded to a 1.HC event. Edwig Van Hooydonck holds the record for most wins in the race with four between 1987 and 1995.
Midland Junction Football Club
Midland Junction Football Club, nicknamed the Railways, was an Australian rules football club that competed in the West Australian Football League (WAFL). The club played in the WAFL, the premier football league in Western Australia, from 1905 to 1910 and again from 1914 to 1917. The team wore black and gold hooped jumpers for the majority of the seasons they played in the WAFL. Charles "Wagga" Gast was Midland Junction's games record holder, playing 105 matches for the club. Based in the Perth suburb of Midland, the team drew the majority of their players from workers at the Midland Junction railway station and workshops. The club was one of the most unsuccessful in the WAFL's history, winning only 24.8% of the matches they contested.

Midland Junction railway station
The Midland Junction railway station was an important junction station on the Eastern Railway of Western Australia until its closure in 1966.

Its history started on 1 March 1886 when Frederick Broome, then Governor of Western Australia, turned the first sod. It was the first railway station in Midland Junction and was replaced by the Midland station 300 metres (980 ft) west, across the tracks from the Midland Railway Workshops.
Alex Johnson
Alex Johnson (December 7, 1942 – February 28, 2015) was an American professional baseball outfielder, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB), from 1964 to 1976, for the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Reds, California Angels, Cleveland Indians, Texas Rangers, New York Yankees, and Detroit Tigers. He was the National League Comeback Player of the Year in 1968 and an American League All-Star and batting champion in 1970. His brother, Ron, was an NFL running back, most notably for the New York Giants.

Outfield
The outfield, in cricket, baseball and softball is the area of the field of play further from the batsman or batter than the infield. In association football (sin. soccer), the outfield players are positioned outside the goal area.
1937 French Grand Prix
The 1937 French Grand Prix (formally the XXXI Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race which was held at Montlhéry, France on 4 July 1937. The race was held over 40 laps of the 12.5 km course for a total distance of 500 km. The race was won by Louis Chiron driving a Talbot. Similar to the 1936 race this year was run for sports cars. However, in order to help French manufacturers prepare for the new 1938 Grand Prix regulations, a 4.5L maximum engine capacity was imposed.

1936 French Grand Prix
The 1936 French Grand Prix (formally the XXX Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France) was a Grand Prix motor race which was held at Montlhéry, France on 28 June 1936. The race was held over 80 laps of the 12.5 km course for a total distance of 1000 km. The race was won by Jean-Pierre Wimille and Raymond Sommer driving a Bugatti.

Due to national outcry as a result of the 1935 Grand Prix where just one French car started which was uncompetitive and failed to finish, it was decided that for 1936 the race should be held as an endurance race for sports cars, with rules very similar to the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and featured a Le Mans start. All 37 cars had two drivers, and were divided into 3 groups based on engine capacity: Group I for 0.75L to 2.0L, Group II for 2.0L to 4.0L, and Group III for over 4.0L.

Many entrants considered this race to be a replacement for the cancelled 1936 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Maz Pacheco
Mayumi "Maz" Pacheco (Tagalog: [mɐˈjume pɐˈtʃɛko]; born 25 August 1998) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Women's Super League club Everton. A former England youth international, she received her first senior call-up for the Philippines in 2024.

2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup
The 2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was the ninth edition of the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, the biennial international women's youth football championship contested by the under-20 national teams of the member associations of FIFA, since its inception in 2002 as the FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship (age limit was raised from 19 to 20 in 2006).

The tournament was held in France between 5 and 24 August 2018, who would also host the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup. Haiti and the Netherlands made their U-20 Women's World Cup debuts. North Korea were the defending champions but were eliminated by host France in the quarter-finals.

The final took place at Stade de la Rabine, Vannes between Spain and Japan, a rematch from the group stage. Japan won their first title, beating Spain 3–1 in the Final.
Mueve tu Universidad
Mueve tu Universidad (or Move your University) is a fundraising program established in 2018 to provide funds to the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) by allowing the option of donating money when paying the annual motor vehicle registration fee or car tag (marbete).

University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez
The University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus (UPRM) or Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez (RUM) in Spanish (also referred to as Colegio and CAAM in allusion to its former name), is a public land-grant university in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. The UPRM is the second-largest university campus of the University of Puerto Rico system, a member of the sea-grant, and the space-grant research consortia.

In 2009, the campus population was composed of 12,108 students, 1,924 regular staff members, and 1,037 members of the education staff. In 2013, the student population remained relatively steady at 11,838, but the instructional faculty dropped to 684. In the second semester of 2019 around 12,166 students were enrolled. By the end of the academic year 2022-2023 there were 10,071 students enrolled. UPRM has been accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE) since 1946.
Charles Gabriel Morel d'Escures
Charles Gabriel Morel d'Escures (3 January 1751, Alençon – 13 July 1786, Baie des Français, Lituya, Alaska) was a French navigator and explorer and a member of the La Pérouse expedition (1 August 1785 to 13 July 1786) and of the Académie de Marine.

Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
Chef d'escadre Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French: [lapeʁuz]; 23 August 1741 – c. 1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer. Having enlisted in the Navy at the age of 15, he had a successful career and in 1785 was appointed to lead a scientific expedition around the world. His ships stopped in Chile, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Macau, the Philippines, Korea, Russia, Japan, Samoa, Tonga, and Australia before wrecking on the reefs of Vanikoro in the Solomon Islands.
Timeline of Kerala
This is a timeline of Kerala History comprising important events which took place in the geographical area that falls within present day Kerala. It overlaps with the history of Indian subcontinent. To read background of these events, read History of Kerala.

Also see List of years in Kerala, List of governors of Kerala and List of Chief Ministers of Kerala.

Dutch conquest of Malabar
The Conquest of Malabar (1658–1663) encompassed a series of military campaigns led by Rijckloff van Goens with the objective of acquiring Portuguese-controlled territories along the Malabar Coast. The Dutch pursued these campaigns with determination, ultimately achieving success in their endeavor. As a result, the Dutch secured control over various regions along the Malabar Coast, marking a significant shift in the regional geopolitical landscape
White Hut, South Australia
White Hut is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia. It is on the west coast of Yorke Peninsula immediately adjoining Spencer Gulf about 145 kilometres (90 miles) west of the state capital of Adelaide.  Its boundaries were created in May 1999. As of 2014, the majority of the land within the locality is zoned as “water protection” to protect groundwater basins present at “shallow depths” and to encourage land use such as “broadacre cropping, grazing, and wind farm and ancillary development.” White Hut is within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Narungga and the local government area of the Yorke Peninsula Council.

Yorke Peninsula
The Yorke Peninsula, known as Guuranda by the original inhabitants, the Narungga people, is a peninsula located northwest and west of Adelaide in South Australia, between Spencer Gulf on the west and Gulf St Vincent on the east. The peninsula is separated from Kangaroo Island to the south by Investigator Strait.

The most populous town in the region is Kadina; Maitland is the most central town; and the south-western tip is occupied by Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park.
Saalmuellerana
Saalmuellerana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae The genus was erected by David Stephen Fletcher and Pierre Viette in 1962. It was later described by David Stephen Fletcher and Pierre Viette in 1962.

Pierre Viette
Pierre E. L. Viette (29 June 1921 – 30 April 2011) was a French entomologist. He attended university in Dijon during the German occupation of France in World War II, then spent his entire career at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris. He specialized in insect systematics, especially Lepidoptera, and had over 400 articles published.