hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wearside
Wearside (/ˈwɪərsaɪd/) is a built-up area in County Durham and Tyne and Wear, England. It is named after the River Wear which flows through it and traditionally all in the County of Durham.

In the 2011 census, its official name was the Sunderland Built-up area since Sunderland is its largest part, the urban area extends to the surrounding City of Sunderland district, small parts of County Durham district and a small part of the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead.

Notable towns in the urban area include Birtley, Chester le Street, Hetton le Hole, Houghton le Spring and Washington.

Washington, Tyne and Wear
Washington is a town in the Sunderland district, in Tyne and Wear, England. Historically part of County Durham, it is the ancestral settlement of the local Washington family, from which the first President of the United States George Washington descended. It has a population of 67,085.

It is located between Chester-le-Street, Gateshead and South Tyneside. Washington was designated a new town in 1964. It became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The town has expanded dramatically since its designation; new villages were created and areas were reassigned from Chester-le-Street, to offer housing and employment to those moving from adjoining areas and further afield. At the 2011 census, Washington had a population of 67,085, compared to 53,388 in 2001.
Peter Lynn (statistician)
Peter Lynn FAcSS is a British statistician and professor at the University of Essex. Lynn was previously director of the Institute for Social and Economic Research (2020-2023) and has held the positions of Vice-President (2009-2011) and President (2017-2019) of the International Association of Survey Statisticians. He is well known for his work on survey design and implementation methods, particularly for longitudinal social surveys, including pioneering work on targeted methods to address survey nonresponse.

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Stony Houghton
Stony Houghton is a hamlet near Glapwell, part of the parish of Pleasley in Derbyshire, England, close to New Houghton. It is a very quiet area consisting of only a few residential properties amidst farmland and farmsteads, retaining a peaceful environment with attractive scenery and landscape.

Some of the properties around Stoney Houghton are Chatsworth Estate tied cottages, which are rented out to tenants who may be related to previous estate workers who have traditionally rented over the past years.

Pleasley
Pleasley listenⓘ is a village and civil parish with parts in both Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire. It lies between Chesterfield and Mansfield, 5 miles (8 km) south east of Bolsover, Derbyshire, England and 2.5 miles (4 km) north west of Mansfield, Nottinghamshire. The River Meden, which forms the county boundary in this area, runs through the village.

The bulk of the village is in the Derbyshire district of Bolsover, and constitutes a civil parish of the same name. The population of this civil parish at the 2011 Census was 2,305. The part in Nottinghamshire is in the district of Mansfield and is unparished. Pleasley is not mentioned in the Domesday Book when it was part of Glapwell parish.
Eduard Linnemann
Eduard Linnemann (2 February 1841 – 4 April 1886) was a German chemist.

He studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg and at the University of Karlsruhe. After he received his Ph.D. he worked with Kekulé at the University of Ghent and with Leopold von Pebal at the University of Lemberg. He was appointed professor at the University of Lemberg in 1865, changed to Deutsche Technische Hochschule Brünn from 1872 until 1875 and then became professor at the Charles University in Prague. He held this position until his death in 1886.

He is known for his investigations of mannitol and his analyses of zircon. In 1886, he proposed the name "austrium" for what he believed was a new chemical element.

August Kekulé
Friedrich August Kekulé, later Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz (/ˈkeɪkəleɪ/ KAY-kə-lay, German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈʔaʊɡʊst ˈkeːkuleː fɔn ʃtʁaˈdoːnɪts]; 7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896), was a German organic chemist. From the 1850s until his death, Kekulé was one of the most prominent chemists in Europe, especially in the field of theoretical chemistry. He was the principal founder of the theory of chemical structure and in particular the Kekulé structure of benzene.
Mysuru–Dharwad Express
The Mysuru–Dharwad Express is an Express train belonging to South Western Railway zone that runs between Dharwad railway station and Mysore Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17301/17302 train numbers on daily basis.

South Western Railway zone
The South Western Railway (abbreviated SWR) is one of the 19 railway zones of Indian Railways, headquartered at Hubballi in the Indian state of Karnataka. SWR was created from carving out the routes from Southern Railways, South Central Railways and Central Railways in 2003.
Olivet University
Olivet University is a private Christian university in Anza, California. It was founded by David Jang in 2000 and is accredited by the Association for Biblical Higher Education to award certificates, bachelor's, master's, D. Min., and Ph.D. degrees. Olivet has an additional campus in California and formerly also operated in several other states. Its New York State operations were not renewed after the permission to operate expired. In December 2024, the state of California withdrew its license to operate effective January 10, 2025 but Olivet continues to operate under religious exemption.

California Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education
The California Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education (BPPE) is a unit of the California Department of Consumer Affairs charged with regulation of private postsecondary educational institutions operating in the state of California.

The BPPE is a regulatory agency, not an accrediting agency. Its primary purpose is to prevent fraudulent diploma mills. BPPE is an authorization for state approval and not an accreditation approval. Institutions that are approved to operate in California by the Bureau still need to separately obtain educational accreditation from national or regional accrediting body recognized by the United States Department of Education for its students to qualify for federal financial aid, such as Pell Grants.
Sericocarpus
Sericocarpus is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae. Whitetop aster is a common name for the genus.

Species

Sericocarpus asteroides - United States (MS AL GA FL SC NC TN KY WV VA MD DE NJ PA OH MI NY CT MA RI VT NH ME)

Sericocarpus linifolius - United States (LA MS AL GA SC NC TN KY WV VA MD DE NJ PA OH IN MI NY CT MA RI NH)

Sericocarpus oregonensis  United States (CA OR WA)

Sericocarpus rigidus - Canada (BC), United States (WA OR)

Sericocarpus tortifolius - United States (LA MS AL GA FL SC NC)

formerly included

see Eucephalus

Sericocarpus tomentellus - Eucephalus tomentellus

Eucephalus tomentellus
Eucephalus tomentellus is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Brickellbush aster or rayless aster. It grows on openings in oak or conifer forests the Siskiyou Mountains of the US States of California and Oregon.

Eucephalus tomentellus is a perennial herb up to 90 cm (3 feet) tall, with a woody caudex. Stems are covered with woolly or cottony hair. Leaves are whitish and waxy. One plant will usually produce 3-40 flower heads in a large array. Each head has 0-6 purple-violet  ray florets surrounding numerous yellow  disc florets.
Beatrix of Andechs-Merania
Beatrix of Merania (1210 – 9 February 1271) was a princess of Merania by birth, and the Countess of Weimar-Orlamünde by marriage.

Beatrix was the daughter of Otto I, Duke of Merania and Beatrice II, Countess of Burgundy.

She was an heiress to Plassenburg Castle, with Kulmbach and Mittelberg and the Lordship of Berneck, including Goldkronach, Meinau, Wirsberg, Pretzendorf (now called Himmelkron), Zwernitz Castle and Trebgast.

Duchy of Merania
The Duchy of Merania was a fiefdom of the Holy Roman Empire from 1152 until 1248. The dukes of Merania were recognised as princes of the Empire enjoying imperial immediacy at a time when these concepts were just coming into use to distinguish the highest ranks of imperial nobility.

The name "Merania" ("sea-land") comes from either the High German word for sea, meer or the Slavic word for the same, morje (both cognate with Latin mare). The name literally means "land by the sea" (am Meer), referring to its location on the Adriatic.
Pieter Pourbus
Pieter Jansz. Pourbus (c. 1523–1584) was a Flemish Renaissance painter, draftsman, engineer and cartographer who was active in Bruges during the 16th century.  He is known primarily for his religious and portrait paintings.

Church of Our Lady, Bruges
The Church of Our Lady (Dutch: Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk) is a Roman Catholic church in Bruges, Belgium, dating mainly from the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. Its 115.6-metre-high (379 ft) tower remains the tallest structure in the city and the third tallest brickwork church tower in the world (after St. Mary's Church in Lübeck and St. Martin's Church in Landshut, both in Germany).

The church demonstrates the Gothic style in the prominent Flying buttresses on the exterior which were constructed in the 1270s and 80s. The nave contains cross-vaults and black and white tiled flooring. The interior demonstrates the heavily ornamented Baroque style in the side aisles and chancel. One of the chapels in the church was created in 1482 for a wealthy man named Lodewijk van Gruuthuse, as his personal worship area.
Viy (story)
"Viy" (Russian: Вий, IPA: [ˈvʲij]; pronounced /ˈviː/ in English), also translated as "The Viy", is a horror novella by the writer Nikolai Gogol, first published in volume 2 of his collection of tales entitled Mirgorod (1835).

Despite an author's note alluding to folklore, the title character is generally conceded to be wholly Gogol's invention.

William Ralston Shedden-Ralston
William Ralston Shedden-Ralston (1828–1889), known in his early life as William Ralston Shedden, who later adopted the additional surname of Ralston, was a noted British scholar and translator of Russia and Russian.
NGC 676
NGC 676 is a lenticular Seyfert 2 galaxy in the constellation Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1217 ± 20 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 58.6 ± 4.2 Mly (17.96 ± 1.29 Mpc). In addition, two non redshift measurements give a distance of 61.0 ± 2.6 Mly (18.7 ± 0.8 Mpc). The galaxy was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 30 September 1786.

NGC 676 can be seen near the star α Piscium. Located close to the celestial equator, it is visible from both hemispheres. BD +04 0244, a star with a visual magnitude of 10.44, is superposed 5.1 arc seconds south-southwest of the nucleus. It is one of the 621 galaxies described in Marat Arakelian's catalog of high-surface-brightness galaxies.

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Jamal al-Faisal
Jamal taher al-Faisal (1915 – 28 September 1995) was a Syrian military officer who played a significant role during the late 1950s and early 1960s. He served as the Chief of Staff of the Syrian Army from 1959 until 1961, succeeding Lieutenant General Afif al-Bizri.

Chief of the General Staff (Syria)
The Chief of the General Staff of the Army and Armed Forces (Arabic: رئيس هيئة الأركان العامة للجيش والقوات المسلحة, romanized: Raʾīs Hayʾat al-Arkān al-ʿĀmma li-l-Jaysh wa-l-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa) is the professional head of the Syrian Armed Forces and the Syrian Army. The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the President of Syria, who is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces.

On 16 July 2025, the Israeli Air Force bombed the entrance and two of its facades to the General Staff headquarters in Damascus, amid the July 2025 southern Syria clashes.
KQMS (AM)
KQMS (1670 AM, "NewsTalk 105.7 KQMS") is a radio station in Redding, California. Owned by Stephens Media Group, it broadcasts  a conservative talk format. The station is also carried on FM translators on 105.7 in Anderson (from which the station derives its current branding), and 104.7 in Redding.

Redding, California
Redding is a city in and the county seat of Shasta County, California, and the economic and cultural capital of the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California. Redding lies along the Sacramento River, 162 miles (261 km) north of Sacramento, and 120 miles (190 km) south of California's northern border with Oregon. Its population was 93,611 at the 2020 census.
Superstition Meadery
Superstition Meadery is a meadery, winery and cider house founded in 2012 and based in Prescott, Arizona. As of 2016 they produce 6,000 gallons a year. They won four gold medals and one silver at the 2016 Mazer Cup International mead competition. Availability is localized to Arizona through their distribution partnership with Hensley Beverage Company, with additional direct-to-consumer shipping in 40 U.S. states, and account distribution to 25 U.S. states. They also distribute worldwide in Denmark, Thailand, Japan, and Singapore.

Cider house
A cider house is an establishment that sells alcoholic cider for consumption on the premises. Some cider houses also sell cider "to go", for consumption off the premises. A traditional cider house was often little more than a room in a farmhouse or cottage, selling locally fermented cider.
Avantiswami Temple
The Avantiswami Temple is a ruined Hindu temple complex situated on the banks of the Jhelum River, approximately 16 km northeast of Pulwama town, in Awantipora, Pulwama district in Jammu and Kashmir, India. This site originally comprised two temples, one dedicated to Shiva and the other to Vishnu,  built during the reign of King Avantivarman of the Utpala dynasty in the 9th century CE. Today, the ruins are protected by the Archaeological Survey of India. Locals call the temple Pandav Lari, meaning "house of the Pandavas".

Martand Sun Temple
The Martand Sun Temple is a Hindu temple located in Mattan, in the Anantnag district of the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It dates back to the eighth century CE and was dedicated to Surya, the solar deity in Hinduism; Surya is also known by the Sanskrit-language synonym Martand (मार्तण्ड, Mārtaṇḍa). The temple was destroyed by Sikandar Shah Miri.
Terry Tempest Williams
Terry Tempest Williams (born September 8, 1955) is an American writer, educator, conservationist, and activist. Williams' writing is rooted in the American West and has been significantly influenced by the arid landscape of Utah. Her work focuses on social and environmental justice ranging from issues of ecology and the protection of public lands and wildness, to women's health, to exploring humanity's relationship to culture and nature. She writes in the genre of creative nonfiction and the lyrical essay.

Doctor of Humane Letters
The degree of Doctor of Humane Letters (Latin: Litterarum humanarum doctor; DHumLitt, DHL, or LHD) is an honorary degree awarded to those who have distinguished themselves through humanitarian and philanthropic contributions to society.

The criteria for awarding the degree differ from institution to institution; however, it is typically given to persons outside the university invited to be keynote speakers at the most important university events, or to faculty members or alumni of the institution who have, in the eyes of the institution or the wider world, distinguished themselves in some way.

The flexibility in interpretation has resulted in universities awarding unique variants of the degree.  For example, in 1996 Southampton College awarded Kermit the Frog an honorary "doctorate of Amphibious Letters" in recognition for his contribution to children's education.
Indos in pre-colonial history
Indo people (short for Indo-European) are a Eurasian people of mixed Asian and European descent. Through the 16th-18th centuries, they were known by the name Mestiço (Dutch: Mestiezen). To this day, they form one of the largest Eurasian communities in the world. The early beginning of this community started with the arrival of Portuguese traders in South East Asia in the 16th century. The second large wave started with the arrival of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) employees in the 17th century and throughout the 18th century. Even though the VOC is often considered a state within a state, formal colonisation by the Dutch only commenced in the 19th century.

Topasses
Topasses (Tupasses, Topas, Topaz) were a group of people led by the two powerful families – Da Costa and Hornay – that resided in Oecussi and Flores. The Da Costa families were descendants of Portuguese Jewish merchants. The Hornay were Dutch.
Edward Morris (cricketer)
Edward Silvester Morris (6 April 1849 – 14 November 1928) was an English cricketer.  Morris' batting and bowling styles are unknown.  He was born in Bedminster, Somerset.

Morris made two first-class appearances for Gloucestershire in 1870. The first of these came against Surrey at The Oval.  In this match he batted once, scoring 17 runs before being dismissed by George Griffith. The second of these came against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's.  In this match, he scored 13 runs in Gloucestershire's only innings before being dismissed by Alfred Shaw.

Morris died in Rochdale, Lancashire on 14 November 1928.

George Griffith (cricketer)
George Griffith (20 December 1833 – 3 May 1879) was an English cricketer. Known by his nickname "Ben" or the altogether more stirring "Lion Hitter", he was a high-quality all-rounder. Left-handed both as a batsman and bowler, he could bowl either fast roundarm or slow underarm, and he was also a fine fielder. He was born at Ripley, Surrey.
Senaka Batagoda
Senaka Batagoda (Sinhala: සේනක බටගොඩ; 25 June 1958 – 11 September 2024) was a Sri Lankan singer and music composer. He has sung numerous songs in his singing career, where he rose to prominence and limelight for his ability to deliver songs with a mix of unique blend of folk influences, versatile vocals, and mastery of various genres. He is often referred as "The Ancient of Our Time", where Batagoda had the best touch with emotional audience among the Sri Lankan western music culture after Clarence Wijewardena.

Clarence Wijewardena
Vithana Kuruppu Arachchilage Clarence Arthur Somasinghe Wijewardena JP (Sinhala: ක්ලැරන්ස් විජේවර්ධන, Tamil: கிளாரன்ஸ் விஜேவர்தன; 3 August 1943 – 13 December 1996), known professionally as Clarence Wijewardena, was a Sri Lankan singer, composer and musician. Considered one of the most respected musicians in Sri Lanka, Wijewardena revolutionized Sri Lankan Sinhala Pop Music with the use of the electric guitar in Sinhala music, in the 1960s. Due to his influence on Sinhala pop music, he is often named as the "father of Sri Lankan pop music".
2015 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season
The 2015 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season was the 25th season of men's varsity soccer in the conference. Maryland entered the season as both the regular season champion and the Big Ten tournament champion.

Maryland Terrapins men's soccer
The Maryland Terrapins men's soccer team represents the University of Maryland in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) college soccer competition. The Terrapins compete in the Big Ten Conference and are coached by Sasho Cirovski.

The program has won four NCAA Division I College Cup national championships (1968, 2005, 2008, 2018). Maryland won nineteen Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) regular season championships (1953–68, 1971, 2012, 2013) and six ACC tournament championships (1996, 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013) before joining the Big Ten Conference on July 1, 2014. The Terps won the 2014, 2016, 2022, and 2025 Big Ten Conference men's soccer championships and the 2014 and 2015 men's soccer tournament titles.
Torre da Marinha
Torre da Marinha (Portuguese: the marine tower) is a locality in the parish of Arrentela and the city of Seixal in Portugal. In recent years, it was passed for a locality with a dense and a diverse population.

It was reclaimed directly as a parish. It has all necessary infrastructure − a municipal square, a police station, a health center, schools, a pool, and the Rio Sul Shopping shopping center.

Seixal
Seixal (European Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐjˈʃal] ⓘ) is a Portuguese city and municipality, located in the district of Setúbal, in the metropolitan area of Lisbon. Its population includes 184,269 inhabitants (2011), in an area of 93.58 square kilometres (36.13 mi2) that includes six parishes. It is situated across the Tagus River estuary from Lisbon. Its seat is the city of Seixal, a centre of 31,600 inhabitants situated along the Rio Judeu.

The current mayor is Paulo Silva.
2022–23 FC Basel season
The 2022–23 season was FC Basel's 129th season in their existence and the club's 28th consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football since their promotion in the 1993–94 season.

The 2022–23 Swiss Super League season started on 16th July 2022 and ended on 29 May 2023. In addition to the Swiss Super League, Basel also participated in this season's edition of the Swiss Cup, reaching the semi-finals. Basel also qualified for the second edition of the UEFA Europa Conference League, beginning play in the second qualifying round and qualifying for the group stage, which they advanced from, eventually reaching the semi-finals of the competition before being knocked out 4–3 on aggregate by Fiorentina.

2022–23 Swiss Cup
The 2022–23 Swiss Cup, or Schweizer Pokal, was the 98th season of Switzerland's annual football cup competition. It featured 64 teams from the first to the eight tier of the Swiss football league. The first round was played from 19 to 21 August 2022. The final took place on 4 June 2023.

Lugano was the reigning Cup champion.
Spoetzl Brewery
Spoetzl Brewery (originally Shiner Brewing Association) is a brewery located in Shiner, Texas, United States. It produces a diverse line of Shiner beers, including their flagship Shiner Bock, a dark lager that is now distributed throughout the US.  The brewery is owned by the Gambrinus Company, a family-owned company based in San Antonio, which also owns Trumer Brewery in Berkeley, California.

Schwarzbier
Schwarzbier (German: [ˈʃvaʁt͡sˌbiːɐ̯] ⓘlit. 'black beer') is a dark lager that originated in Germany. It has an opaque, black colour with hints of chocolate or coffee flavours, and is generally around 5% ABV. It is similar to stout in that it is made from roasted malt, which gives it its dark colour.