hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Genetic history of Eastern Africa
The genetic history of Eastern Africa encompasses the genetic history of the people of Eastern Africa. The Sahara served as a trans-regional passageway and place of dwelling for people in Africa during various humid phases and periods throughout the history of Africa.

Haplogroup E-Z827
E-Z827, also known as E1b1b1b, is a major human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is the parent lineage to the E-Z830 and E-V257 subclades, and defines their common phylogeny. The former is predominantly found in the Middle East; the latter is most frequently observed in North Africa, with its E-M81 subclade observed among the ancient Guanche natives of the Canary Islands. E-Z827 is also found at lower frequencies in Europe, and  in isolated parts of Southeast Africa.
Minuscule 518
Minuscule 518 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), 504 (Scrivener's numbering), ε 263 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. 
It was adapted for liturgical use, it has marginalia.

Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament Gospels, written on parchment. It is designated as "M" or "021" in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε 72 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writings styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 9th century CE.

The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginal notes and was prepared for liturgical (religious) use. It contains musical notation surrounding some of the text, with a Harmony of the Gospels included at the bottom of each page. Art miniatures are included of the respective evangelists before each Gospel.

The text of the manuscript was held in high esteem by some 19th-century scholars, but this general opinion changed in the 20th century; as a result the manuscript is rarely cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament.
Ohmi Railway Main Line
The Ohmi Railway Main Line (近江鉄道本線, Ōmi Tetsudō hon-sen) is a regional railway line in Shiga Prefecture operated by the private railway operator Ohmi Railway. It connects the cities of Maibara and Koka. Its alignment is parallel with the Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Takamiya and Gokasho.

The line is 47.7 kilometres (29.6 mi) long, extending from Maibara to Kibukawa. The line connects with the JR Central Tōkaidō Main Line and Tōkaidō Shinkansen, and the JR West Hokuriku Main Line and Biwako Line at Maibara, and the JR West Kusatsu Line and the Shigaraki Kōgen Railway Shigaraki Line at Kibukawa.

Shigaraki Kohgen Railway
Shigaraki Kohgen Railway Co., Ltd. (信楽高原鐵道株式会社, Shigaraki Kōgen Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway company funded by Shiga Prefecture and the city of Koka.

The railway operates the Shigaraki Line (信楽線), a former JR West line that was transferred to the third sector in 1987. The Shigaraki Line connects Kibukawa on the JR West Kusatsu Line with Shigaraki.
Indian 5-rupee note
The Indian 5-rupee note (₹5) is the second smallest Indian note in circulation. The Reserve Bank of India introduced the 5 rupee banknote as part of the Mahatma Gandhi Series in 1996. The printing of notes in the denominations of ₹5, however, has been discontinued as these denominations have been coinised but still these notes are valid legal tender in India.

Mahatma Gandhi Series
The Gandhi Series of banknotes are issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the legal tender of Indian rupee. The series is so called because the obverse of the banknotes prominently display the portrait of Mahatma Gandhi. Since its introduction in 1996, this series replaced all Lion Capital Series banknotes issued before 1996. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) introduced the series in 1996 with ₹10 and ₹500  banknotes.

As of 10 November 2016, the RBI issues banknotes in this series in denominations from ₹5 to ₹100. Printing of five-notes, which had stopped earlier, restarted in 2009. On 8 November 2016, the ₹500 and ₹1000 banknote denominations of this series were demonetised and the new Mahatma Gandhi Series of banknotes were revealed in denominations of ₹500 and ₹2000, intended to replace this series.
Bruno Fitipaldo
Bruno Fitipaldo Rodríguez (born August 2, 1991) is a Uruguayan-Italian professional basketball player for Lenovo Tenerife of the Spanish Liga ACB. Standing at a height of 1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄2 in), he plays at the point guard and shooting guard positions.

2010 South American Basketball Championship
The 2010 South American Basketball Championship was the 44th edition of the South American Basketball Championship. Eight teams featured the competition, held in Neiva, Colombia from 26 to July 31 in the Coliseo Álvaro Sánchez Silva. Argentina was the defending champion, but lost in the final to Brazil. The first three places qualified for the basketball tournament at the 2011 Pan American Games and to the 2011 FIBA Americas Championship, the latter of which doubled as the FIBA Americas qualifier for the 2012 Olympics. Because Argentina, which automatically qualified for the FIBA Americas Championship as host, finished in an automatic qualifying spot, the fourth-place team was also invited to that competition. The fifth-place team did not initially qualify for that competition, but was later invited once the United States withdrew from that event because it had qualified for the Olympics by winning the 2010 FIBA World Championship.
Episcopal Conference of Senegal, Mauritania, Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau
The Conference of Bishops of Senegal, Mauritania, Cape Verde, and Guinea Bissau (French: Conférence des Eveques du Sénégal, de la Mauritanie, du Cap-Vert et de Guinée-Bissau) is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in Senegal Mauritania, Cape Verde and Guinea Bissau.
It is a member of the Episcopal Conférence Régionale de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Francophone (CERAO) Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

Catholic Church in Senegal
The Catholic Church has been active in Senegal since the 1630s, with an earlier attempt by the Portuguese. An apostolic prefecture was established in Saint-Louis, Senegal, in 1779. The Maronite Church is active in Senegal.
Budapest 8th constituency
The 8th constituency of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapesti 08. számú országgyűlési egyéni választókerület) is one of the single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary. The constituency standard abbreviation: Budapest 08. OEVK.

Since 2014, it has been represented by Csaba Tóth of the MSZP-Dialogue party alliance.

Budapest 12th constituency
The 12th constituency of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapesti 12. számú országgyűlési egyéni választókerület) is one of the single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary. The constituency standard abbreviation: Budapest 12. OEVK.

Since 2018, it has been represented by László Hajdu of the DK.
Cold metal transfer
Cold metal transfer (CMT) is a welding method that is usually performed by a welding robot. The CMT machine detects a short circuit which sends a signal that retracts the welding filler material, giving the weld time to cool before each drop is placed. This leaves a smooth weld that is stronger than that of a hotter weld. This works well on thin metal that is prone to warping and the weld burning through the material. This type of welding is more efficient than other GMAW methods when the metal is thinner than 10mm, anything thicker and the expense begins to overcome traditional welding. Welding wire is fed through the system that is controlled by a computer, the computer adjusts things such as wire feed, welding speed, and amps going through the wire. This allows precise welding of materials like steel and aluminum, with very little slag and spatter, resulting in a cleaner finish weld.

Robot welding
Robot welding is the use of mechanized programmable tools (robots), which completely automate a welding process by both performing the weld and handling the part.  Processes such as gas metal arc welding, while often automated, are not necessarily equivalent to robot welding, since a human operator sometimes prepares the materials to be welded.  Robot welding is commonly used for resistance spot welding and arc welding in high production applications, such as the automotive industry.
2014 TVB Star Awards Malaysia
The 2014 TVB Star Awards Malaysia (simplified Chinese: TVB 马来西亚星光荟萃颁奖典礼2014; traditional Chinese: TVB 馬來西亞星光薈萃頒獎典禮2014), presented by TVB Entertainment News, Astro, and MY FM in Malaysia, was an awards ceremony that recognised the best Hong Kong TVB television programmes that had aired on Malaysia's Astro Wah Lai Toi in 2014.

The ceremony took place on 23 November 2014 at the Arena of Stars in Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia and was broadcast live through Malaysia's Astro Wah Lai Toi and Hong Kong's TVB Entertainment News channel. A rerun of the ceremony aired on Hong Kong's J2 on 29 November 2014.

Genting Highlands
Genting Highlands is a hill station located on the peak of Mount Ulu Kali in the Titiwangsa Mountains, central  Peninsular Malaysia, at 1800 metres elevation. Located in the state of Pahang, it was established in 1965 by the late Malaysian businessman Lim Goh Tong. The primary tourist attraction is Resorts World Genting, a hill resort where casinos and theme parks are situated and where gambling is permitted. Many of Pahang's skyscrapers can be found here.
2012 Ster ZLM Toer
The 2012 Ster ZLM Toer cycling race  was the 17th running of the Ster ZLM Toer. It was part of the 2012 UCI Europe Tour and classed as a 2.1 event. The race was won by Mark Cavendish of Team Sky, marking his first general classification win.

2012 UCI Europe Tour
The 2012 UCI Europe Tour was the eighth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2012 season began on 29 January 2012 with the Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise and ended on 21 October 2012 with the Chrono des Nations.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Europe Tour cycling jersey. Giovanni Visconti of Italy was the defending champion of the 2010–11 UCI Europe Tour. John Degenkolb of Germany was crowned the 2012 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determine how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
K. R. Kaushik
K. R. Kaushik (born 29 September 1948) is an Indian Police Service officer who briefly served as the Director General of Police (DGP) of the Gujarat Police in 2007. He joined the Gujarat Police Force in 1972. He was appointed as the police commissioner of Ahmedabad during the 2002 Gujarat violence. He served as DGP when the Election Commission of India appointed him during the legislative election in Gujarat in 2007. P. C. Pande, who had earlier held the post, was re-appointed as DGP after the elections by the Narendra Modi government.

Kaushik was an accused in the 2004 Ishrat Jahan fake encounter case when he was the Ahmedabad Police commissioner.

Gujarat Police
The Gujarat Police Department is the law enforcement agency for the state of Gujarat in India. The Gujarat Police has its headquarters in Gandhinagar, the state capital, and Ahmedabad.

The Gujarat Police Department came into existence after Gujarat's separation from the Greater Mumbai state on 1 May 1960.
Plomb du Cantal
The Plomb du Cantal (Occitan: Plom dau Cantal) is the highest summit of the Mounts of Cantal in the Massif Central, France. It is the second highest summit of the Massif Central, after the mountain of Puy de Sancy.

Puy de Sancy
Puy de Sancy (US: /ˌpwiː də sɒ̃ˈsiː/, French: [pɥi d(ə) sɑ̃si]; Auvergnat: Puèi de la Crotz [ˈpœj də lɔ ˈkɾu(ts)], lit. ''Mount of the Cross'') is the highest mountain in the Massif Central, in Puy-de-Dôme departement of south central France. It is part of an ancient stratovolcano which has been inactive for about 220,000 years.
Our Lady of Mount Carmel Parish Church, Fgura
The Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church is a late 20th century Parish church in Fgura, Malta. It was designed in 1981 by Architect and Engineer Godfrey Azzopardi and built in 1988. The presbytery was designed a year before its construction by Edward Micallef. The building is a listed monument and an active Roman Catholic Church.

Fgura
Fgura (Maltese: Il-Fgura, Italian: Figura) is a town in the Port Region of Malta. It has a population of 13,066 as of 2021. Its northern fringes are bordered by the Cottonera Lines of fortifications while it merges with the towns of Żabbar to the east and Paola and Tarxien to the West. A modern settlement, Fgura expanded to the outskirts of the Grand Harbour area and was one of the fastest-growing towns of Malta. Fgura has grown to become one of the foremost commercial areas in the central-southern part of the island. Today, Fgura has one of the highest population densities in the country.
Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority
The Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority or GBRA was formed in 1933 by the Texas legislature. Its main concerns are water supply and water conservation in the Guadalupe River Basin, which includes the Blanco, Comal, and San Marcos rivers. The authority extends over ten counties. The general offices of the authority are located at 933 East Court Street in Seguin.

San Marcos River
The San Marcos River rises from the San Marcos Springs, the location of the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment (formerly Aquarena Springs), in San Marcos, Texas.  The springs are home to several threatened or endangered species, including the Texas blind salamander, fountain darter, and Texas wild rice.  The river is a popular recreational area, and is frequented for tubing, canoeing, swimming, and fishing.
Bathonea
Bathonea (Ancient Greek: Βαθονεία) is the probable name of a local community division known as a hekatostys (ἑκατοστύς, meaning "Hundred") of Byzantion or Rhegion that has generated considerable archaeological interest after being erroneously promoted as a "lost" city. It is located on the European shore of the sea of Marmara, 20 km west from Istanbul, Turkey, in Avcılar, Istanbul.

Byzantium
Byzantium (/bɪˈzæntiəm, -ʃəm/) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul in modern times. The Greek name Byzantion and its Latinization Byzantium continued to be used as a name of Constantinople sporadically and to varying degrees during the thousand-year existence of the Eastern Roman Empire, which also became known by the former name of the city as the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium was colonized by Greeks from Megara in the 7th century BCE and remained primarily Greek-speaking until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1453 CE.
Optare Tempo
The Optare Tempo is an integral low-floor, heavy duty, full-size rigid single-deck bus manufactured by Optare and was launched in late 2004. It is marketed and sold as the replacement for the Optare Excel. It is designed as a lightweight bus, to use less fuel than traditional heavy duty integral rigids. As of July 2017, 233 had been built, including 27 Tempo SRs. The Tempo SR has since been replaced in the UK market by longer variants of the Optare MetroCity, although production of the Tempo SR continues for the Australian market.

ZF Friedrichshafen
ZF Friedrichshafen AG, also known as ZF Group, originally Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen (lit. 'Friedrichshafen Gear Factory'), and commonly abbreviated to ZF, is a German technology manufacturing company that supplies systems for passenger cars, commercial vehicles and industrial technology. It is headquartered in Friedrichshafen, in the south-west German state of Baden-Württemberg. Specializing in engineering, it is primarily known for its design, research and development, and manufacturing activities in the automotive industry and is one of the largest automotive suppliers in the world.

Its products include driveline and chassis technology for cars and commercial vehicles, along with specialized plant equipment such as construction equipment. It is also involved in the rail, marine, defense and aviation industries, as well as general industrial applications. ZF has 162 production locations in 31 countries with approximately 156,000 (2025) employees.
Vecherniy Stavropol
Vecherniy Stavropol (Russian: Вечерний Ставрополь; The Evening Stavropol) is a newspaper published in Stavropol, Russia since 1989.  It comes out five days a week, Tuesday through Saturday.

The circulation, as of 2007, is 25,473, except on Thursday, when it is 31,571.  The editor-in-chief, as of 2007, is Mr. Mikhail Y. Vasilenko.

Stavropol
Stavropol (Russian: Ставрополь, IPA: [ˈstavrəpəlʲ]), known as Voroshilovsk from 1935 until 1943, is a city that is the administrative centre of Stavropol Krai, in southern Russia. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 547,820, and it is one of Russia's fastest growing cities.
VPB-112
VPB-112 was a Patrol Bombing Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Bombing Squadron 112 (VB-112) on 8 August 1943, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 112 (VPB-112) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 1 September 1945.

Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer
The Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer is an American World War II and Korean War era patrol bomber of the United States Navy derived from the Consolidated B-24 Liberator. The Navy had been using B-24s with only minor modifications as the PB4Y-1 Liberator, and along with maritime patrol Liberators used by RAF Coastal Command, this type of patrol plane was proven successful. A fully navalized design was desired, and Consolidated developed a dedicated long-range patrol bomber with tests begun in 1943, designated PB4Y-2 Privateer. The first version of the Privateer flew in September 1943 with production versions arriving in March 1944. In 1951, the type was redesignated P4Y-2 Privateer. A further designation change occurred in September 1962, when the remaining US Navy Privateers (all having previously been converted to drone configuration as P4Y-2K) were redesignated QP-4B.
Priscillian
Priscillian (in Latin: Priscillianus; Gallaecia, c. 340 – Augusta Treverorum, Gallia Belgica, c. 385) was a wealthy nobleman of Roman Hispania who promoted a strict form of Christian asceticism. He became bishop of Ávila in 380. Certain practices of his followers (such as meeting at country villas instead of attending church) were denounced at the Council of Zaragoza in 380. Tensions between Priscillian and bishops opposed to his views continued, as well as political maneuvering by both sides. Around 385, Priscillian was charged with sorcery and executed by authority of the Emperor Maximus. The ascetic movement Priscillianism is named after him, and continued in Hispania and Gaul until the late 6th century. Tractates by Priscillian and close followers, which were thought lost, were discovered in 1885 and published in 1889.

Councils of Saragossa
The councils of Saragossa (Latin: Concilia Caesaraugustana) were a series of Christian councils held in Zaragoza, in what is now Spain.

In or about 380 a council of Spanish and Aquitanian bishops adopted at Saragossa eight canons bearing more or less directly on the prevalent heresy of Priscillianism. A second council, held by Maximus of Zaragoza in 592, solved practical problems incident to the recent conversion of the West Goths from Arianism to Chalcedonian Christianity. The third council, in 691, issued five canons on discipline.

In 1318 a provincial synod proclaimed the elevation of Zaragoza to the rank of an archbishopric; and from September 1565 to February 1566 a similar synod made known the decrees of the Council of Trent.
1984 Pretty Polly Classic
The 1984 Pretty Polly Classic  was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet court at the Brighton Centre in Brighton, England that was part of the Category 3 tier of the 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was held from 22 October until 28 October 1984. Seventh-seeded Sylvia Hanika won the singles title and earned $32,000 first-prize money.

1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the 12th season since the foundation of the Women's Tennis Association. It commenced in March 1984, and concluded in March 1985 after 53 events.

The Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). It was held in place of the WTA Tour from 1983 until 1989 and featured tournaments that had previously been part of the Toyota Series and the Avon Championships Circuit. It included the four Grand Slam tournaments and a series of other events. ITF World Circuit tournaments were not part of the tour, although they were awarded points for the WTA World Ranking.

Tournaments were categorized by prize money on offer.
Blaxlands Corner, New South Wales
Blaxlands Corner is a locality on the North Shore of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Blaxlands Corner is at the intersection of Longueville Road, Northwood Road, and River Road West, in the southern part of Lane Cove adjacent to Longueville. It contains the Longueville Sporting Club, a BP service station, a bottle shop, a travel and cruise agency. Longueville Motor Bus Company built a depot at 16 Northwood Road in 1939 that was closed by successor Deanes Coaches in the mid-1970s.

It was named after Francis Blaxland who owned three acres of land in the area from the 1880s and was a grandson of Gregory Blaxland. It was recognised by the Geographical Names Board of New South Wales as a locality in 1995.

Longueville, New South Wales
Longueville is a harbourside suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, 8 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Lane Cove.

Longueville sits on the peninsula between Tambourine Bay and Woodford Bay, on the banks of the Lane Cove River. Originally a home to manufacturing industries, the suburb had its beginnings as a residential area in the 1870s. Longueville was officially proclaimed a suburb in the 1920s.

Before settlement, Longueville was the home of the Cammeraygal people of the Ku-ring-gai Aboriginal Tribe. The suburb has high house prices, in the top ten suburbs in Australia, with an average price of $6,346,000 as of August 2024.
12714 Alkimos
12714 Alkimos /ˈælkɪmɒs/ is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 54 kilometers (34 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 15 April 1991, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The dark Jovian asteroid has a rotation period of 28.5 hours. It was named from Greek mythology after Alcimus, son of Ares and companion of Achilles.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.