hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1852–53 United States Senate elections
The 1852–53 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states,  coinciding with the 1852 presidential election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1852 and 1853, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Democratic Party gained two seats in the Senate. Only six of the twenty senators up for election were re-elected.

1854–55 United States Senate elections
The 1854–55 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1854 and 1855, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

These elections saw the final decline of the Whig Party and the maintained majority of the Democrats. Those Whigs in the South who were opposed to secession ran on the "Opposition Party" ticket, and were elected to a minority.  Along with the Whigs, the Senate roster also included Free Soilers, Americans, and a new party: the Republicans. Only five of the twenty-one senators up for election were re-elected.
Jarosław Jaros
Jarosław Jaros (born 2 January 1978 in Zgorzelec) - Polish cabaret actor.

He performed with Grzegorz Halama at Grzegorz Halama Oklasky.

Currently he performs a program: Żule i bandziory.

In 1998 he initiated Kabaret Słuchajcie – a cabaret.

Grzegorz Halama
Grzegorz Piotr Halama (born 2 January 1970 in Świdwin) is a Polish parodist, and cabaret actor. In 1995 he initiated Grzegorz Halama Oklasky, a Polish cabaret. He is a graduate of technikum elektryczno-elektroniczne (Electrical-electronic Technical College) and actor study L'Art Studio in Kraków.
Pizzitola Sports Center
The Paul Bailey Pizzitola Memorial Sports Center, often referred to as "the Pitz" by students, is a 2,800-seat multi-purpose athletic center in Providence, Rhode Island, USA, which was built in 1989. It is home to the Brown University Bears men's and women's basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, wrestling and squash teams.  It was built adjacent to Meehan Auditorium on Lloyd Avenue as a replacement for Marvel Gymnasium, which was located next to Brown Stadium on Elmgrove Ave. The building was named for Paul Bailey Pizzitola (class of 1981), whose father contributed $2 million to its construction. The lobby of the building is named for the Brown attendee (1887–89) and American football legend John Heisman (class of 1891).

Richard Gouse Field at Brown Stadium
Richard Gouse Field at Brown Stadium is a football stadium located in Providence, Rhode Island. It is the home of Brown University's football and outdoor track teams. The athletic teams at Brown University, known as the Bears, compete in the Ivy League. Brown was the last Ivy stadium with a grass playing field until the installation of a FieldTurf surface in 2021. The field is named for Richard I. Gouse '68, the primary donor of the turf field.
Tom Tresh
Thomas Michael Tresh (September 20, 1938 – October 15, 2008) was an American professional baseball infielder and outfielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees (1961–1969) and Detroit Tigers (1969). Tresh was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed. He was the son of the MLB catcher Mike Tresh.

Central Michigan University
Central Michigan University (CMU, CMICH) is a public research university in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1892 as a private normal school and became a state institution in 1895. CMU is one of the eight research universities in Michigan and is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". It has more than 14,000 students on its Mount Pleasant campus. CMU offers 200 academic programs at the undergraduate, master's, specialist, and doctoral levels. The Central Michigan Chippewas compete in the NCAA Division I Mid-American Conference in six men's and ten women's sports.
Kassel kerb
A Kassel kerb is a design of kerb (curb in US English) that features a concave-section that allows for an easier alignment for buses. The kerb was first introduced in the German city of Kassel for the low-floor tram system but has since been adopted for use at traffic stops. Kassel kerbs can be part of a bus stop kerb, designed for low-floor buses that serve an elevated bus stop platform.

Bus stop
A bus stop is a place where buses stop for passengers to get on and off the bus. The construction of bus stops tends to reflect the level of usage, where stops at busy locations may have shelters, seating, and possibly electronic passenger information systems; less busy stops may use a simple pole and flag to mark the location. Bus stops are, in some locations, clustered together into transport hubs allowing interchange between routes from nearby stops and with other public transport modes to maximise convenience.
Frank Sinatra: The Reprise Years
Frank Sinatra: The Reprise Years is a 36 disc boxed set by American singer Frank Sinatra.

This set contains 35 CDs featuring every studio album that Sinatra released between 1960 and 1984. Each CD contains an individual Sinatra Reprise LP (including singles compilations and a bonus DVD). Missing from the set are 1966's Greatest Hits! and 1972's Greatest Hits, Vol.2, which contain songs not available on any other album. Also not included are any single-only releases from the 1970s and 1980s which are not available on any studio album. The Complete Reprise Studio Recordings contains all of the missing songs from this collection.

Frank Sinatra's Greatest Hits!
Frank Sinatra's Greatest Hits! is the first compilation by American singer Frank Sinatra released on his own Reprise Records. It concentrates on mostly single releases from the mid to late 1960s, which fluctuates between adult contemporary pop and jazzy swing. The album opens up with Sinatra's recent number one hit "Strangers in the Night" and continues through the varied styles of music Sinatra recorded in the 60s, from easy listening ballads like "It Was a Very Good Year" and "Softly, as I Leave You" to contemporary pop like "When Somebody Loves You" and "That's Life". Greatest Hits was a modest hit, peaking at #55 on the album charts in late 1968. A second volume was issued in 1972, Frank Sinatra's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2. Both albums have since been supplanted with newer and more cohesive compilations.
Statvolt
The statvolt is a unit of voltage and electrical potential used in the CGS-ESU and gaussian systems of units. In terms of its relation to the SI units, one statvolt corresponds to ccgs 10−8 volt, i.e. to 299.792458 volts.

The statvolt is also defined in the CGS system as 1 erg per statcoulomb.
It is a useful unit for electromagnetism because, in vacuum, an electric field of one statvolt per centimetre has the same energy density as a magnetic field of one gauss.  Likewise, a plane wave propagating in vacuum has perpendicular electric and magnetic fields such that for every gauss of magnetic field intensity there is one statvolt/cm of electric field intensity.

In the CGS-EMU system, the unit of voltage is the abvolt.

Gauss (unit)
The gauss (symbol: G, sometimes Gs) is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction, also known as magnetic flux density. The unit is part of the Gaussian system of units, which inherited it from the older centimetre–gram–second electromagnetic units (CGS-EMU) system. It was named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1936. One gauss is defined as one maxwell per square centimetre.

As the centimetre–gram–second system of units (cgs system) has been superseded by the International System of Units (SI), the use of the gauss has been deprecated by the standards bodies, but is still regularly used in various subfields of science, and preferred in astrophysics. The SI unit for magnetic flux density is the tesla (symbol T), which corresponds to 10,000gauss.
Aber and Inver (placename elements)
Aber and Inver are common elements in place-names of Celtic origin. Both mean "confluence of waters" or "river mouth".  Their distribution broadly reflects the geographical influence of the Brittonic and Goidelic language groups, respectively.

Mountain Ash, Rhondda Cynon Taf
Mountain Ash (Welsh: Aberpennar) is a town and former community in the Cynon Valley, within the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales, with a population of 11,230 at the 2011 Census, estimated in 2019 at 11,339. It includes the districts and villages of Cefnpennar, Cwmpennar, Caegarw, Darranlas, Fernhill, Glenboi and Newtown, all within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Aberdare lies about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) north-west, Cardiff 19 miles (31 km) south-east, and Penrhiwceiber a mile to the south-east. It divides into two communities (civil parishes): West covers the town centre and the districts of Miskin, Darranlas, Fernhill and Glenboi, and East the districts of Cefnpennar, Cwmpennar, Caegarw and Newtown.
Bridget Valverde
Bridget G. Valverde is a Democratic member of the Rhode Island Senate, representing District 35 since January 1, 2019. Valverde won election to a Republican-held seat in the Rhode Island Senate on November 6, 2018. On the same day that Valverde was elected to the Rhode Island Senate for the first time, American women were elected in record-breaking numbers to the United States Congress and to state legislative chambers nationwide.

Rhode Island Senate
The Rhode Island Senate is the upper house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the lower house being the Rhode Island House of Representatives. It is composed of 38 Senators, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Rhode Island is one of the 14 states where its upper house serves at a two-year cycle, rather than the normal four-year term as in most states. There is no limit to the number of terms that a Senator may serve. The Rhode Island Senate meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, commissions and boards and Justices to the Rhode Island Judiciary.
Mount Gulian
Mount Gulian is a reconstructed 18th century Dutch manor house on the Hudson River in the town of Fishkill, New York, United States of America. The original house served as the
headquarters of Major General Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben during the American Revolutionary War and was the place where the Society of the Cincinnati was founded. The site is registered as a National Historic Landmark.

Fishkill, New York
Fishkill is a village within the town of Fishkill in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The village is in the eastern part of the town of Fishkill on U.S. Route 9, bordering on Fishkill Creek. It is north of Interstate 84. NY 52 is the main street. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area. The first U. S. Post Office in New York state was established in Fishkill by Samuel Loudon, its first Postmaster.
Beauty Sharma Barua
Beauty Sharma Barua (born 18 June 1951) is a singer from Assam, India. She is one of the best-known and most respected Assamese folk music, Indian classical music, ghazal and bhajan singers of Assam. More popularly known as The Melody Queen of Assam and Beauty Baideu, she has recorded over a thousand songs for All India Radio, Doordarshan, albums and others. She has sung songs in over six regional Indian languages, though primarily in Assamese and Hindi. Beauty Barua married renowned writer and lyricist Dwijendra Mohan Sharma (1948–2006), called the Man with Melody in His Pen by The Daily Telegraph, in 1976.

Lakshminath Bezbarua
Lakshminath Bezbarua (Assamese: [lɔkʰminatʰ bɛzbɔɹuwa]; 14 October 1864 – 26 March 1938) was an Indian poet, novelist and playwright of modern Assamese literature. Commonly known as the father of the Assamese short story. He was one of the literary stalwarts of the Jonaki Era, the age of romanticism in Assamese literature; with his essays, plays, fiction, poetry and satires, he gave a new impetus to the then stagnating Assamese literary caravan.

He responded to the prevailing social environment through his satirical works to bring and sustain positive changes to the former. His literature reflected the deeper urges of the people of Assam.
Hall XPTBH
The Hall XPTBH was a prototype American twin-engined seaplane, submitted to the United States Navy by the Hall Aluminum Aircraft Corporation in response to a 1934 specification for new bomber and scout aircraft. Constructed in an innovative fashion that made extensive use of aluminum, the XPTBH proved successful in flight testing, but failed to win favor with the U.S. Navy. No production contract was awarded, and the single aircraft built served in experimental duties before its destruction in a hurricane during 1938.

Mark 13 torpedo
The Mark 13 torpedo was the U.S. Navy's most common aerial torpedo of World War II. It was the first American torpedo to be originally designed for launching from aircraft only. They were also used on PT boats.
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual pursuit C3
The men's individual pursuit class C3 track cycling event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place on 26 August 2021 at the Izu Velodrome, Japan. This class is for cyclists who have impairments that affect their legs, arms, and/or trunk but are still capable to use a standard bicycle. 8 cyclists from 7 nations competed in this event.

Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place in two separate locations. Track cycling took place at the Izu Velodrome from 25 to 28 August 2021 and road cycling took place on the Fuji Speedway from 31 August to 3 September 2021.

The 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They kept the 2020 name and were held from 24 August to 5 September 2021.

The competition was dominated by the squads from Great Britain and The Netherlands, winning 19 gold medals from 51 events. Great Britain, as in 2008, 2012 and 2016 dominated the track events, while the Netherlands were particularly strong in road racing.

Among the highlights were Great Britain's Sarah Storey becoming her country's most successful ever Paralympian, echoing the achievement of Jason Kenny in the 2020 Summer Olympics, winning her 15th, 16th and 17th gold medals in her eighth Paralympic Games.
Dulong–Petit law
The Dulong–Petit law, a thermodynamic law proposed  by French physicists Pierre Louis Dulong and Alexis Thérèse Petit in 1839, states that the classical expression for the molar heat capacity of certain chemical elements is constant for temperatures far from the absolute zero.

In modern terms, Dulong and Petit found that the heat capacity of a mole of many solid elements is about 3R, where R is the universal gas constant. The modern theory of the heat capacity of solids states that it is due to lattice vibrations in the solid.

The first theoretical proof of the law was given by Ludwig Boltzmann using statistical mechanics in 1877.

Heat capacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat that must be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. The SI unit of heat capacity is joule per kelvin (J/K). It quantifies the ability of a material or system to store thermal energy.

Heat capacity is an extensive property. The corresponding intensive property is the specific heat capacity, found by dividing the heat capacity of an object by its mass. Dividing the heat capacity by the amount of substance in moles yields its molar heat capacity. The volumetric heat capacity measures the heat capacity per volume.  In architecture and civil engineering, the heat capacity of a building is often referred to as its thermal mass.
Mariano Arana
Mariano Arana (6 March 1933 – 4 June 2023) was a Uruguayan architect and politician who served as Intendant of Montevideo from 1995 to 2005. A member of the Vertiente Artiguista–Broad Front, he also served as minister of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment from 2005 to 2008, and as senator of the Republic from 1990 to 1994 and again from 2008 to 2010.

Intendant of Montevideo
The Intendant of Montevideo is head of the executive branch of the government of Montevideo. The Intendant serves a five-year term and is limited to two successive terms. According to the Constitution, the officeholder is elected in a direct election, which takes place on a date different from that of presidential elections.
Seth C. Bradford
Seth C. Bradford (1801-1878) was an American architect from Newport, Rhode Island.

During his career, Bradford was known as a designer and builder of Italianate-style residences for Newport summer residents.  At least three of his designs utilized a Gothic Revival vocabulary, most blatantly Rockry Hall (1847–48), modeled on Design III from Andrew Jackson Downing's pattern book Cottage Residences (1842).

Today, he is most remembered for his design of Chateau-sur-Mer, the Wetmore family residence on Bellevue Avenue.  In addition to being Bellevue Avenue's first great mansion, it is also credited with introducing the Second Empire style to Newport (although the original mansard has since been replaced).

His popularity in Newport waned in the late 1850s, as other architects like Thomas A. Tefft, Richard Morris Hunt, and George C. Mason began to exert their influence.

Thomas Alexander Tefft
Thomas Alexander Tefft (August 2, 1826 – December 12, 1859) was an American architect, from Providence, Rhode Island. Tefft, one of the nation's first professionally trained architects, is considered a master of Rundbogenstil and a leading American proponent of its use. Prior to his untimely death, Tefft "offered the most advanced designs of [his] day in America"
March 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
March 16 – Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - March 18

All fixed commemorations below are observed on March 30 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar (until March 30, 2099).

For March 17, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on March 4.

March 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
March 3 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - March 5

All fixed commemorations below are observed on March 17 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For March 4th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 19 (February 20 on leap years).
Calvo Sotelo Puertollano CF
Calvo Sotelo de Puertollano Club de Fútbol (or CS Puertollano) is a Spanish football team located in Puertollano, Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha. Founded in 2015, it currently plays in Tercera Federación – Group 18, holding home matches at Estadio Ciudad de Puertollano, which has a capacity of 7,240 spectators.

Estadio Ciudad de Puertollano
The Estadio Ciudad de Puertollano is a multi-use stadium located in Puertollano, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. 
It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of CD Puertollano.

The stadium inauguration saw CD Puertollano draw 2-2 with Sevilla Atletico on 21 November 2010. Built by the municipality at a cost of € 7 million, the new arena has an all seated capacity of 7,240, arranged on three open banks of blue and white seating and a large covered main stand to the north side of the stadium. This stand also features 17 private boxes, modern media facilities, changing rooms and an indoor warm-up area for the players. The development is complete with an artificial training pitch behind the southern bank of seating.
Ringsheim
Ringsheim (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɪŋshaɪm]; Low Alemannic: Ringsä) is a municipality in the district of Ortenau in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

The village is served by Ringsheim/Europa-Park station.

Ortenaukreis
Ortenaukreis (Low Alemannic: Ortenaukrais; French: Arrondissement de l'Ortenau) is a Landkreis (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (clockwise from north) Rastatt, Freudenstadt, Rottweil, Schwarzwald-Baar and Emmendingen. To the west it borders the French Bas-Rhin département.
Gmina Wielichowo
Gmina Wielichowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Grodzisk Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wielichowo, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Grodzisk Wielkopolski and 50 km (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 107.43 square kilometres (41.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,894 (out of which the population of Wielichowo amounts to 1,765, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,129).

Grodzisk County, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Grodzisk County (Polish: powiat grodziski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Grodzisk Wielkopolski, which lies 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The county also contains the towns of Rakoniewice, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Grodzisk Wielkopolski, and Wielichowo, 13 km (8 mi) south of Grodzisk Wielkopolski.

The county covers an area of 643.72 square kilometres (248.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,444, out of which the population of Grodzisk Wielkopolski is 13,703, that of Rakoniewice is 3,253, that of Wielichowo is 1,765, and the rural population is 30,723.
André Slomszynski
André Amédée Gustave Slomszynski, Słomczyński or Slomczynski, known professionally as Slom (9 July 1844 – 27 December 1909), was a French painter, engraver, illustrator and cartographer of Polish origin. A former communard, he lived from 1871 to 1880 in exile in Switzerland.

Communards
The Communards (French: [kɔmynaʁ]) were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Communes in France formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

After the suppression of the Paris Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 fled abroad. The number of Communard soldiers killed in combat or executed afterwards during the week has long been disputed—Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray put the number at 20,000, while estimates by more recent historians put the probable number between 10,000 and 15,000. 7,500 were jailed or deported under arrangements which continued until a general amnesty during the 1880s; this action by Adolphe Thiers forestalled the proto-communist movement in the French Third Republic (1871–1940).
Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture
Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA), or the Purdue model, is a 1990s reference model for enterprise architecture, developed by Theodore J. Williams and members of the Industry-Purdue University Consortium for Computer Integrated Manufacturing.

TOVE Project
The TOVE project ("Toronto Virtual Enterprise") is a project to develop an ontological framework for enterprise integration (EI) based on and suited for enterprise modeling. In the beginning of the 1990s it was initiated by Mark S. Fox and others at the University of Toronto.