hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robinson compass mask
In image processing, a Robinson compass mask is a type of compass mask used for edge detection. It has eight major compass orientations, each will extract the edges in respect to its direction. A combined use of compass masks of different directions could detect the edges from different angles.

Edge detection
Edge detection includes a variety of mathematical methods that aim at identifying edges, defined as curves in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or, more formally, has discontinuities. The same problem of finding discontinuities in one-dimensional signals is known as step detection and the problem of finding signal discontinuities over time is known as change detection. Edge detection is a fundamental tool in image processing, machine vision and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction.
Bagrationovsk
Bagrationovsk (Russian: Багратио́новск; German: Preußisch Eylau, lit. 'Prussian Eylau'; Polish: Pruska Iława or Iławka; Lithuanian: Ylava or Prūsų Ylava) is a town and the administrative center of Bagrationovsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located close to the border with Poland, 37 kilometers (23 mi) south of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. It has a population of 6,400 (2010 Census).

Duchy of Prussia
The Duchy of Prussia (German: Herzogtum Preußen, Polish: Księstwo Pruskie, Lithuanian: Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (German: Herzogliches Preußen; Polish: Prusy Książęce) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control of the State of the Teutonic Order until the Protestant Reformation in 1525.
Pittsburgh Panthers women's basketball
Pittsburgh Panthers women's basketball is the NCAA Division I intercollegiate women's basketball program of the University of Pittsburgh, often referred to as "Pitt", located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Pitt women's basketball team competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference and plays their home games in the Petersen Events Center. The university first sponsored women's basketball on the varsity level in 1914 and have appeared in five straight national post-season tournaments between 2006 and 2010.

National Women's Invitational Tournament
The National Women's Invitational Tournament (NWIT) was a post-season tournament for women's intercollegiate basketball programs that was contested from 1969 to 1996.  The original sponsorship information appears to have been lost over the ensuing years.  After the NWIT folded in 1996, the concept was resurrected in 1998 by Triple Crown Sports under the same name, but the name was changed the following season to the Women's National Invitation Tournament (also known as the WNIT).
Prince-Bishopric of Brixen
The Prince-Bishopric of Brixen (German: Hochstift Brixen, Fürstbistum Brixen, Bistum Brixen) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire in the present-day northern Italian province of South Tyrol. It should not be confused with the larger Catholic diocese, over which the prince-bishops exercised only the ecclesiastical authority of an ordinary bishop. The bishopric in the Eisack/Isarco valley was established in the 6th century and gradually received more secular powers. It gained imperial immediacy in 1027 and remained an Imperial Estate until 1803, when it was secularised to Tyrol. The diocese, however, existed until 1964, and is now part of the Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen.

Brixen
Brixen (German: [ˈbrɪksn̩] ⓘ), also known as Bressanone (Italian: [bressaˈnoːne]), is a town and commune in the province of South Tyrol, northern Italy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Bolzano.

Brixen is the third-largest city and oldest town in the province, with a population of nearly twenty-three thousand. It is located at the confluence of the Eisack and Rienz rivers, and today it is the capital of the Eisack district community.
Deep Rock Galactic: Survivor
Deep Rock Galactic: Survivor is a shoot 'em up video game by Funday Games. It is a top down spin-off of the first-person shooter Deep Rock Galactic modeled on the auto-shooter Vampire Survivors. The player controls a dwarf on a solo mission to mine ore, shooting enemies and ultimately defeating a boss at the end of each level in order to gain experience and increase their weapon's power. Funday began developing the game after discussing Vampire Survivors with the CEO of Ghost Ship Games at the 2022 Gamescom convention. It was released into early access on Windows on February 14, 2024. The game fully released on September 17, 2025 on Windows and Xbox Series X/S.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Government of the 17th Dáil
The 10th government of Ireland (11 October 1961 – 21 April 1965) was the government of Ireland formed after the 1961 general election to the 17th Dáil held on 4 October 1961. It was a minority government formed by Fianna Fáil, which had been in office since the 1957 election. It was the first election it had won since Seán Lemass had succeeded Éamon de Valera as leader. It lasted for 3 years, 192 days.

Leader of the Labour Party (Ireland)
The leader of the Labour Party is the most senior politician within the Labour Party in Ireland. Since 24 March 2022, the office has been held by Ivana Bacik, following the resignation of Alan Kelly as leader of the party.

In a review of procedures at the party's 2017 conference, the position of Deputy leader was abolished after a year of lying vacant, and the nomination and seconding of new leadership candidates was extended to Senators and MEPs as well as TDs.
Schanzenkopf (Schwedenschanze)
Schanzenkopf (Schwedenschanze) is a wooded hill in the Aschaffenburg district of Bavaria, Germany. It is part of the Mittelgebirge Spessart and lies right on the border with the state of Hesse.

There is another hill named Schanzenkopf south of Alzenau.

Aschaffenburg (district)
Aschaffenburg (Low Franconian: Aschebersch) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Darmstadt-Dieburg, Offenbach, Main-Kinzig (all in the state of Hesse), the districts Main-Spessart and Miltenberg, and the City of Aschaffenburg.
Uckington, Gloucestershire
Uckington is a village in the Borough of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire, England. It is directly west of Cheltenham.

The population of the parish taken at the 2011 census was 605.

Not having a church, Uckington was formerly a hamlet in the parish of Elmstone-Hardwicke but is now a civil parish in its own right. The two villages share a village hall.

Nearby villages include Elmstone-Hardwicke and Boddington.

Borough of Tewkesbury
The Borough of Tewkesbury is a local government district with borough status in Gloucestershire, England. The borough is named after its largest town, Tewkesbury where the council is based. The district also includes the town of Winchcombe and numerous villages including Bishops Cleeve, Ashchurch, Churchdown, Innsworth and Brockworth as well as other hamlets and surrounding rural areas. Parts of the district lie within the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Cotswold, Cheltenham, Stroud, Gloucester, Forest of Dean, Malvern Hills and Wychavon.
Xilinx
Xilinx, Inc. (/ˈzaɪlɪŋks/ ZY-links) was an American technology and semiconductor company that primarily supplied programmable logic devices. The company is renowned for inventing the first commercially viable field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It also pioneered the first fabless manufacturing model.

Xilinx was co-founded by Ross Freeman, Bernard Vonderschmitt, and James V Barnett II in 1984. The company went public on the Nasdaq in 1990. In October 2020, AMD announced its acquisition of Xilinx, which was completed on February 14, 2022, through an all-stock transaction valued at approximately $60 billion. Xilinx remained a wholly owned subsidiary of AMD until the brand was phased out in June 2023, with Xilinx's product lines now branded under AMD.

High Efficiency Video Coding
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a proprietary video compression standard designed as part of the MPEG-H project as a successor to the widely used Advanced Video Coding (AVC, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10). The standard was published in 2013. In comparison to AVC, HEVC offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality, or substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It supports resolutions up to 8192×4320, including 8K UHD, and unlike the primarily eight-bit AVC, HEVC's higher-fidelity Main 10 profile has been incorporated into nearly all supporting hardware. The High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) is a container format whose default codec is HEVC.

While AVC uses the integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) with 4×4 and 8×8 block sizes, HEVC uses both integer DCT and discrete sine transform (DST) with varied block sizes between 4×4 and 32×32.
Ruy Lopez, Mortimer Trap
The Mortimer Trap is a chess opening trap in the Ruy Lopez named after James Mortimer.  The Mortimer Trap is a true trap in the sense that Black deliberately plays an inferior move to tempt White into making a mistake.

Fred Reinfeld
Fred Reinfeld (January 27, 1910 – May 29, 1964) was an American writer on chess and many other subjects. He was also a strong chess master, often among the top ten American players from the early 1930s to the early 1940s, as well as a college chess instructor.
Hale Nauā Society
The Hale Nauā was a secret society that had existed among Hawaii's ruling class before the 1778 arrival of Captain James Cook.  Believed to have originally been an organization to unite the Hawaiian aristocracy, it gradually disappeared as the influx of outside cultures changed the dynamics of the island kingdom. Kalākaua revived the Hale Nauā, purposed with educating and developing knowledge of modern sciences, art, and literature among native Hawaiians. His incarnation of the society ended with his 1891 death.  In the 1970s, Rocky Jensen and other artists formed Hale Nauā III to promote Hawaii's culture through the creative arts.

Secret society
A secret society is an organization about which the activities, events, inner functioning, membership, and sometimes also existence, are concealed. The term usually excludes covert groups, such as intelligence agencies or guerrilla warfare insurgencies, that hide their activities and memberships but maintain a public presence.

Secret societies may be community-based or associated with colleges and universities. These societies exist in countries around the world.
Ceratogyrus brachycephalus
Ceratogyrus brachycephalus (greater horned baboon tarantula) is an old world terrestrial tarantula that grows to a legspan of up to 5 inches (12 cm). The common name comes from the "horn", or protuberance, on the carapace.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Daniel Alexander (basketball)
Daniel Alexander (born July 18, 1991) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Perry Lakes Hawks of the NBL1 West. He played college basketball for Texas A&M and Grand Canyon before splitting his first three years as a professional in Australia and the NBA G League. He won a SEABL championship with the Mount Gambier Pioneers in 2017 and an NBA G League championship with the Austin Spurs in 2018.

All-NBL1 West First Team
The All-NBL1 West First Team is an annual NBL1 West honour bestowed on the best players in the league each year. Under the State Basketball League (SBL) brand, a five-player all-star team was named every year between 2005 and 2019. On a few occasions, the Most Valuable Player has not been named in the All-Star Five / First Team.
Fotheringhay
Fotheringhay is a village and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England. It is 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Oundle and around 13 miles (21 km) west of Peterborough. It is most noted for being the site of Fotheringhay (or Fotheringay) Castle which was razed in 1627. There is nothing left of the castle to be seen today other than the motte on which it was built that provides excellent views of the River Nene. The Nene Way long distance footpath runs through the village.

As the home of the great Yorkist line, the village was, for a considerable part of the 15th and 16th centuries, of national standing. The death of Richard III at Bosworth Field altered its history irrevocably. As the historian John Nicholls stated, "Fotheringhay has been distinguished beyond any other place in Britain, except the Capital, by the aggravated misfortunes of Royalty."

At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 123 people, reducing to 119 at the 2011 census.

Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham
Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, 7th Earl of Winchilsea, PC MP (2 July 1647 – 1 January 1730) was an English Tory politician and peer who supported the Hanoverian Succession in 1714. Known as Lord Nottingham until 1729, then as Lord Winchilsea.
Lamboziki
Lamboziki is the second studio album recorded by Kosovar rapper Mozzik. It was released for digital download and streaming on 13 February 2022 by 2 Euro Gang and Urban as a follow-up to Mozzart (2020). Lasting for 43 minutes and 35 seconds across 14 songs, the rapper extensively collaborated with Kosovo-Albanian producers Pellumb and Rzon on the record. It was classified as a hip hop, pop and R&B album, comprising songs performed mainly in Albanian with limited lines in English, French, and German. Upon release, Lamboziki saw a moderate commercial success, reaching number 42 in Switzerland. Three singles released throughout October 2021 to January 2022 preceded the record, including "Bonjour Madame" featuring Noizy, "Shko" and "Ska" with Elvana Gjata. The former three were all accompanied by music videos and entered the single charts in Albania and Switzerland.

Mozzart (Mozzik album)
Mozzart is the debut studio album by Kosovar rapper Mozzik. It was released for digital download and streaming on 30 July 2020 by 2 Euro Gang and Urban. The record premiered following Mozzik's widespread attention and chart success in German-speaking territories. For the record, the rapper collaborated with multiple producers, including Macloud, Miksu, Pllumb, Rzon, Xon Oxa, Kitza and X-plosive. Containing songs in Albanian and German, the album was aided by the release of seven singles, including "Dhelpër dinake", "Zemra ime", "Auf wiedersehen", "Tom & Jerry", "Lass mal", "Madonna" and "Baby". Most songs incorporate genres of hip hop and R&B. Upon release, Mozzart peaked at number 11 in Switzerland and reached number 75 in Austria.
Round Corner, New South Wales
33°41′47″S 151°00′59″E﻿ / ﻿33.69647°S 151.01636°E﻿ / -33.69647; 151.01636
Round Corner is a locality of the suburb of Dural in Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Hills and Hornsby shires.

Hornsby Shire
Hornsby Shire is a local government area situated on the Upper North Shore as well as parts of the Hills District, of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The shire stretches from the M2 Hills Motorway in the south to the Hawkesbury River town of Wisemans Ferry, some 53 kilometres (33 mi) to the north, making it the largest local government council in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan region by total area. As of the 2016 census the shire had an estimated population of 142,667.

The mayor of Hornsby Shire is Cr Warren Waddell, a member of the Liberal Party, who was elected on 14 September 2024.
Zeyaur Khan
Zeyaur R. Khan is a professor and the principal scientist at International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe). He has dedicated his 30-year career as an international agricultural scientist to advancing the science and practice of agriculture by studying and applying chemical ecology, behavior, plant-plant and insect-plant interactions to improve farm productivity to combat poverty and food insecurity in Africa. He is responsible for the discovery and wide scale implementation of a pro-poor scientific innovation for enhancing food security and environmental sustainability in Africa]. This was achieved through the biologically-based IPM technology called "Push-Pull", developed for small-holder cereal-livestock African farmers. Prof. Khan’s work is an example demonstrating that creativity and innovation in science can provide practical solutions for the real problems of thousands of small-holder poor farmers and promote their food security and sustainable livelihoods.

International Rice Research Institute
The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is an international agricultural research and training organization with its headquarters in Los Baños, Philippines, and offices in seventeen countries. IRRI is known for its work in developing rice varieties that contributed to the Green Revolution in the 1960s which preempted the famine in Asia.

The institute, established in 1960 aims to reduce poverty and hunger, improve the health of rice farmers and consumers, and ensure environmental sustainability of rice farming. It advances its mission through collaborative research, partnerships, and the strengthening of the national agricultural research and extension systems of the countries IRRI works in.

IRRI is one of 15 agricultural research centers in the world that form the CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, a global partnership of organizations engaged in research on food security. It is also the largest non-profit agricultural research center in Asia.
Tonny Vilhena
Tonny Emílio Trindade de Vilhena (Dutch: [ˈtɔni viˈleːnaː], Portuguese: [viˈʎẽnɐ]; born 3 January 1995) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Super League Greece club Panathinaikos. He has represented the Netherlands national team.

2015–16 KNVB Cup
The 2015–16 KNVB Cup tournament was the 98th edition of the Dutch national football annual knockout tournament to determine the winner of the KNVB Cup.

FC Groningen unsuccessfully defended its 2015 title losing in the third round to FC Utrecht, 5–3. Feyenoord successfully pursued its 2016 Cup title on 24 April 2016 at De Kuip stadium in Rotterdam defeating FC Utrecht, 2–1. 45,592 in attendance. They qualified for: the group stage in the Europa League the following season and the Johan Cruyff Shield, the Dutch Supercup match between the Cup winner and the champions of the Eredivisie.
Francisco Soto de Langa
Francisco Soto de Langa (Langa de Duero, Spain, 1534 — Rome, Italy, 1619) was a Spanish singer, editor and composer. A minor exponent of the lauda and priest of the Congregation of the Oratory where he was affiliated with St. Fillippo Neri and Giovanni Animuccia. Soto de Langa was tenured at the papal choir in Rome from 1562 until his retirement in 1611. Reputedly the first castrato to enter into the Papal Chapel, Langa had an instrumental role in the posthumous preservation of Juan Navarro's Psalmi, Hymni ac Magnificat totius Anni. A significant collection of laudi spirituali is extant, of which only a mere handful can be assigned to de Langa with any degree of certainty. Bold vertical harmonies and symmetrically balanced phrases are among his stylistic traits.

Juan Navarro Hispalensis
Juan Navarro of Seville, hence the epithet Hispalensis, (Marchena c. 1530 – Palencia 25 September 1580) was a Spanish composer. He is not related to the Mexican composer Juan Navarro Gaditanus, (i.e. Juan Navarro of Cadiz, c. 1550 – c. 1610).
Rossville points
Rossville points are a type of arrowhead first recognized as a unique Native American cultural indicator in 1909 by archaeologists of the American Museum of Natural History. They were named by archaeologist Alanson Skinner after the Rossville section of Staten Island, New York, where they were found in the vicinity of the old U.S. Post Office building.

Rossville points are indicative of the very late Archaic, Transitional, and Early Woodland periods, dating from approximately 3300 to 2700 B.P and are usually found in the Chesapeake Bay area, Southern New York, and New England.

Rossville, Staten Island
Rossville is a neighborhood of Staten Island, New York, on the island's South Shore. It is located to the north of Woodrow, to the west of Arden Heights, and to the south and east of the Arthur Kill. Rossville is located within Staten Island Community Board 3.
Scheibenberg
Scheibenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃaɪbn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Erzgebirgskreis in Saxony in Germany. It is situated in the Ore Mountains, 8 km southwest of Annaberg-Buchholz, and 9 km east of Schwarzenberg.

Erzgebirgskreis
Erzgebirgskreis is a district (Kreis) in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is named after the Ore Mountains (German: Erzgebirge), a mountain range in the southern part of the district which forms part of the Germany–Czech Republic border. It borders (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Vogtlandkreis and Zwickau, the urban district Chemnitz, the district Mittelsachsen and the Czech Republic.
Agile testing
Agile testing is a software testing practice that follows the principles of agile software development. Agile testing involves all members of a cross-functional agile team, with special expertise contributed by testers, to ensure delivering the business value desired by the customer at frequent intervals, working at a sustainable pace. Specification by example is used to capture examples of desired and undesired behavior and guide coding.

Specification by example
Specification by example (SBE) is a collaborative approach to defining requirements and business-oriented functional tests for software products based on capturing and illustrating requirements using realistic examples instead of abstract statements. It is applied in the context of agile software development methods, in particular behavior-driven development. This approach is particularly successful for managing requirements and functional tests on large-scale projects of significant domain and organisational complexity.

Specification by example is also known as example-driven development, executable requirements, acceptance test–driven development (ATDD or A-TDD), Agile Acceptance Testing, Test-Driven Requirements (TDR).