hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles
The women's 100 metres hurdles sprint competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 21 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Yvette Lewis of the United States.

Athletics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles
The women's 100 metres hurdles sprint competition of the athletics events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place between the 25 and 26 of October at the Telmex Athletics Stadium.  The defending Pan American Games champion was Delloreen Ennis-London of Jamaica.
GSM 03.48
GSM 03.48 is a secure protocol used in mobile communication devices such as mobile phones to read and update the SIM. It allows the exchange secured packets between an entity in a GSM PLMN and an entity in the SIM card. Secured packets contain application messages to which certain mechanisms according to GSM 03.48 have been applied. Application messages are commands or data exchanged between an application resident in or behind the GSM PLMN and on the Wapor MMS. 



It is evolved to 3GPP TS 23.048 in 3G. From Release 5, TS 23.048 is split into the generic part and the bearers specific application. The generic part on packet structure has been transferred to SCP (ETSI TS 102 225). The bearers specific part is 3GPP TS 31.115.

Public land mobile network
In telecommunication, a public land mobile network (PLMN) is a combination of wireless communication services offered by a specific operator in a specific country. A PLMN typically consists of several cellular technologies like GSM/2G, UMTS/3G, LTE/4G, NR/5G, offered by a single operator within a given country, often referred to as a cellular network.
2008 Brasil Open
The 2008 Brasil Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 8th edition of the Brasil Open, and was part of the International Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place in Costa do Sauípe resort, Mata de São João, Brazil, from 11 February through 17 February 2008.

The singles draw featured former world No. 1 and Chennai semifinalist Carlos Moyá, 2007 Cincinnati Masters quarterfinalist Nicolás Almagro, and 2007 Moscow and 2007 Metz quarterfinalist Igor Andreev. Also present were 2007 St. Petersburg quarterfinalist Potito Starace, 2007 Rome Masters semifinalist Filippo Volandri, Agustín Calleri, José Acasuso and Albert Montañés.

Brasil Open
The Brasil Open was a men's tennis tournament also known as the ATP Brasil Open. It was held annually in São Paulo, Brazil from 2001 until 2019 and was the successor event to the earlier Brazilian International Championships (1932–1969).

It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series, and was one of the main events in the Brazilian tennis calendar alongside ATP Tour 500 Rio Open. Since 2004, it was a part of the South American clay court circuit but was held on hardcourts prior to 2004. Nicolás Almagro and Pablo Cuevas hold the record for most singles titles with three each, while in doubles the record is held by Bruno Soares with three consecutive titles from 2011 to 2013. On 15 October 2019, tournament organisers announced that the tournament was being scrapped in favour of a return to the Chile Open.
Zhang Jing (Ming dynasty)
Zhang Jing (張經; died 12 November 1555), going by the name Cai Jing (蔡經) for much of his life, was a Chinese official who served the Ming dynasty. As he climbed the ladder of Chinese bureaucracy, he became in charge of several provinces as supreme commander, and was involved in conflicts such as the suppression of the Yao rebellions in the southwestern frontier and the defence of China from wokou pirates. At the height of his power, he was in charge of the military in six provinces, an unprecedented number in the Ming dynasty. Despite winning a great victory against the pirates in 1555, he quickly fell from power by running afoul of the domineering clique of Yan Song and Zhao Wenhua, and was executed by the Jiajing Emperor later in the same year.

Memorial to the throne
A memorial to the throne (Chinese: 章表; pinyin: zhāngbiǎo) was an official communication to the emperor of China. They were generally careful essays in Classical Chinese and their presentation was a formal affair directed by government officials. Submission of a memorial was a right theoretically available to everyone from the crown prince to a common farmer, but the court secretaries would read them aloud to the emperor and exercised considerable control over what was considered worthy of his time. They were used in imperial China as a means of regulating corrupt local officials who might otherwise have escaped oversight.
Ooha
Uma Maheswari, known by her stage names Sivaranjani (in Tamil and Malayalam film industries) and Ooha (in Telugu film industry), is a former Indian actress. She worked primarily in Tamil and Telugu films, in addition to Malayalam films in the 1990s. She received Nandi Award for Best Actress for Aame (1994).

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Oedipina parvipes
Oedipina parvipes, commonly known as the Colombian worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in western Colombia and north-western Ecuador. Its type locality is Cáceres, Antioquia. It may occur further north to Panama and Costa Rica, but these records require confirmation as the species is morphologically indistinguishable from Costa Rican Oedipina uniformis.
Its natural habitat is humid lowland forest, wherein it lives in leaf-litter.

Oedipina uniformis
Oedipina uniformis is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the mountains and lowlands of central Costa Rica up to the Panamian border, and is likely to occur in Panama.

Oedipina uniformis inhabits humid premontane and lower montane forests where it lives in leaf-litter, under decaying logs, and in moss banks. It can, however, withstand significant habitat modification, and has also been found in pastures, gardens and even cities.

It is generally not threatened by habitat loss.
Rodrigo Lara Sánchez
Rodrigo Armando Lara Sánchez (born 9 March 1971) is a Colombian politician and physician who was mayor of Neiva from 2016 to 2019. Lara Sánchez was the vice presidential candidate of Federico Gutiérrez of the Team for Colombia coalition in the 2022 presidential election, which they ended on third place.

Federico Gutiérrez
Federico Andrés Gutiérrez Zuluaga (born 28 November 1974) is a Colombian politician, civil engineer, who currently serves as the mayor of Medellín, having held this office previously from 2016 to 2019. Before being mayor, he had been a member of the Medellín municipal council from 2004 to 2011. A member of the Creemos Colombia party, Gutiérrez was the candidate for the 2022 Colombian presidential election as the winner of the primary of the conservative Team for Colombia coalition.
Walter O'Neale
Christianity portal

Walter O'Neale, D.D. was an Irish Anglican priest.

O'Neale was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Archdeacon of Ardfert from 1676 to 1686; Treasurer of Cork from 1681 to 1686; Prebendary of Templebryan in Ross Cathedral from 1682 to 1684; Chancellor of Ross from 1683 to 1706; Precentor of Cork from 1686 to 1706; and a Prebendary of Kilmaclenine in Cloyne Cathedral from 1706.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
July 1982 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Tuesday, July 6, 1982, with an umbral magnitude of 1.7180. It was a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon passed through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 1.2 days after apogee (on July 5, 1982, at 2:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. It was the longest total lunar eclipse since the 1859 eclipse.: 145

Earth's shadow
Earth's shadow (or Earth shadow) is the shadow that Earth itself casts through its atmosphere and into outer space, toward the antisolar point. During the twilight period (both early dusk and late dawn), the shadow's visible fringe —sometimes called the dark segment or twilight wedge—appears as a dark and diffuse band just above the horizon, most distinct when the sky is clear.

Since the angular diameters of the Sun and the Moon as viewed from Earth's surface are almost the same, the ratio of the length of Earth's shadow to the distance between Earth and the Moon will be almost equal to the ratio of the diameters of Earth and the Moon.

Since Earth's diameter is 3.7 times the Moon's, the length of the planet's umbra is correspondingly 3.7 times the average distance from the Moon to Earth: about 1.4 million km (870,000 mi). The diameter of Earth's shadow at lunar distance is about 9,000 km (5,600 mi), or 2.6 lunar diameters, which allows observation of total lunar eclipses from Earth.
Haltdalen Municipality
Haltdalen (historically: Holtaalen or Holtålen) is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 509-square-kilometre (197 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until 1972 when it was merged with Ålen Municipality to become the present-day Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Haltdalen where the Haltdalen Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 509-square-kilometre (197 sq mi) municipality was the 204th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Haltdalen Municipality was the 438th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 795. The municipality's population density was 1.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.1/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 18% over the previous 10-year period.

Haltdalen Church
Haltdalen Church (Norwegian: Haltdalen kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Haltdalen. It is the main church for the Haltdalen parish which is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros.  The light yellow, wooden church was built in a neo-Gothic, long church style in 1881 using plans drawn up by the architects Jacob Digre and Gustav Olsen. The church seats about 300 people.
Mack McLarty
Thomas Franklin "Mack" McLarty, III (born June 14, 1946) is an American business and political leader who served as President Bill Clinton's first White House Chief of Staff from 1993 to June 1994, and subsequently as counselor to the president and special envoy for the Americas, before leaving government service in June 1998.

Previously, he was chairman and CEO of Arkla, Inc. (1983–1992), a natural gas company. During that time, he was appointed by President George H.W. Bush to the National Petroleum Council and the National Council on Environmental Quality, and served on the St. Louis Federal Reserve Board.

He is currently the chairman of McLarty Associates, an international strategic advisory firm headquartered in Washington, DC, and chairman of the McLarty Companies, based in Little Rock, Arkansas.

White House Chief of Staff
The White House chief of staff is the head of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, a position in the federal government of the United States.

The chief of staff is a political appointee of the president of the United States who does not require Senate confirmation, and who serves at the pleasure of the president. While not a legally required role, all presidents since Harry S. Truman have appointed a chief of staff.  James Baker is the only person to hold the office twice or serve under two different presidents.

In the second administration of President Donald Trump, the current chief of staff is Susie Wiles, who succeeded Jeff Zients on January 20, 2025. The chief of staff is the most senior political appointee in the White House. 
The position is widely recognized as one of great power and influence, owing to daily contact with the president of the United States and control of the Executive Office of the President of the United States.
Nijbroek
Nijbroek is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Voorst, about 12 km northeast of Apeldoorn.

Nijbroek was a separate municipality until 1818, when it was merged with Voorst.

Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn ([ˈaːpəldoːr(ə)n] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Apeldoorne) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. The municipality of Apeldoorn, including the villages of Beekbergen, Loenen, Ugchelen and Hoenderloo, had a population of 165,525 on 1 December 2021. The western half of the municipality lies on the Veluwe ridge, with the eastern half in the IJssel valley.
Alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a genetic disorder that affects primarily the liver and the heart. Problems associated with the disorder generally become evident in infancy or early childhood. The disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, and the estimated prevalence of Alagille syndrome is 1 in every 30,000 to 1 in every 40,000 live births. It is named after the French pediatrician Daniel Alagille, who first described the condition in 1969. Children with Alagille syndrome live to the age of 18 in about 90% of the cases.

Hepatoportoenterostomy
A hepatoportoenterostomy or Kasai portoenterostomy is a surgical treatment performed on infants with Type IVb choledochal cyst and biliary atresia to allow for bile drainage. In these infants, the bile is not able to drain normally from the small bile ducts within the liver into the larger bile ducts that connect to the gall bladder and small intestine.
Christopher Blevins
Christopher Blevins (born March 14, 1998) is an American cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Mountain Bike Team Specialized Factory Racing. Specializing in cross-country mountain biking, Blevins has also previously competed in road cycling (for Hagens Berman Axeon) and cyclo-cross, before choosing to solely focus on mountain biking in preparation for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2025 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup
The 2025 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup is a series of races in Olympic Cross-Country (XCO), Cross-Country Eliminator (XCE), and Downhill (DHI). Each discipline has an Elite Men and an Elite Women category. There are also under-23 categories in the XCO and junior categories in the DHI. The series has eight rounds both cross-country and downhill, some of which are held concurrently. In 2023, enduro was added to the UCI World Cup series.
Hamilton-Oshawa Port Authority
The Hamilton-Oshawa Port Authority (HOPA) is a port authority which owns and operates ports in the cities of Hamilton and Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. The Authority was created in 2019 when the Hamilton Port Authority and the Oshawa Port Authority were merged by the Government of Canada. The amalgamated port authority replaced the Oshawa Port Authority created in 2012 and the Hamilton Port Authority which succeeded the Hamilton Harbour Commission in 2001. The Port of Hamilton, located in Hamilton Harbour, is Ontario's largest and among the busiest ports in Canada.

One of 17 Canadian port authorities created by the federal government, Hamilton-Oshawa derives its mandate from the Canada Marine Act.

Stelco
Stelco Holdings Inc. (known as U.S. Steel Canada from 2007 to 2016) is a Canadian steel company based in Hamilton, Ontario. Stelco was founded in 1910 by the amalgamation of several smaller firms. It continued on for almost 100 years until it filed for bankruptcy in 2007 and was bought by U.S. Steel. In 2016, the company was sold to Bedrock Industries of the United States, which took the company public via a second IPO. The company made its debut on the Toronto Stock Exchange on November 3, 2017. In 2024, American steel manufacturer Cleveland-Cliffs acquired Stelco for approximately US$2.5 billion.

The Hamilton plant has not produced steel since 2011, but its coke ovens and cold rolling finishing works remain in operation. The company employs about 750 people in the Hamilton plant and 1,400 in Nanticoke, Ontario at its greenfield facility Stelco Lake Erie Works.
United German Hungarians of Philadelphia and Vicinity
United German-Hungarians is an American social club, founded in 1910, as the Banater Männerchor. Although the club has been home to various auxiliary groups, the primary activities of the club remain soccer and cultural dancing. The first team was started in 1922, playing exhibition games only. The current German Hungarian Cultural Group was founded in 1965.

Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania
Bensalem Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township borders the northeastern section of Philadelphia and includes the communities of Andalusia, Bensalem, Bridgewater, Cornwells Heights, Eddington, Flushing, Oakford, Siles, Trappe, and Trevose. Bensalem Township has no other incorporated municipalities within its boundaries. It is located within the Delaware Valley, also known as the Philadelphia metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 62,707, which made it the most populous municipality in Bucks County and the ninth-most populated municipality in Pennsylvania.

The township, which was founded in 1692, is almost as old as Pennsylvania itself, which was founded in 1682.
A. S. M. Shahjahan
A. S. M. Shahjahan (9 March 1941 – 5 February 2019) was a Bangladeshi government police officer, civil servant and educator. He served as Adviser to non party Caretaker government of Bangladesh (2001), led by Chief Justice Latifur Rahman. he also served as the 15th Inspector General of Police of Bangladesh Police (8 July 1992 – 22 April 1996), and as the Secretary to the Ministry of Youth and Sports (1996-1999).

Inspector General of Police (Bangladesh)
The Inspector General of Police (IGP) (Bengali: পুলিশের মহাপরিদর্শক, romanized: Pulisher Mohāporidôrśok) is the highest-ranking officer and professional head of the Bangladesh Police. The Inspector General of Police is responsible for the overall command, administration, and operational effectiveness of the national police force, overseeing law enforcement, public order, and internal security across the country.

The office is held by a senior officer of the Bangladesh Police and is appointed by the Government of Bangladesh under the supervision of the Ministry of Home Affairs. The IGP also coordinates with other security and law enforcement agencies to ensure public safety and effective policing nationwide.
Alzey Hills
The Alzey Hills (German: Alzeyer Hügelland) form a region of low, rolling hills, or Hügelland, 275 km2 in area and up to 337 m above sea level (NHN), in Rhenish Hesse in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. From a natural region perspective they are part of the Upper Rhine Plain and classed as major unit no. 227.

Rhenish Hesse
Rhenish Hesse or Rhine Hesse (German: Rheinhessen, pronounced [ʁaɪnˈhɛsn̩]) is a region and a former government district (Regierungsbezirk) in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is made up of territories west of the Upper Rhine river that were part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and its successor in the Weimar Republic, the People's State of Hesse from 1816 to 1945. The hilly countryside is largely devoted to vineyards, comprising the Rheinhessen wine region.
St. Matthew Cathedral (South Bend, Indiana)
St. Matthew Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral in South Bend, Indiana, United States. Along with Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Fort Wayne, it is the seat of the Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend.

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Fort Wayne, Indiana)
The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Fort Wayne, Indiana, is the primary cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend, headed by Most Rev. Kevin C. Rhoades.  The parish was established in 1836, making it the oldest in Fort Wayne.  The church was erected in 1860.
Stacheldraht
Stacheldraht (German for "barbed wire") is malware which performs a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack. It was written by "Thomas Stacheldraht", a member of the Austrian hacker group TESO. It was first released in 1999.

Stacheldraht uses a number of different denial-of-service (DoS) attack methods, including ping flood, UDP flood, TCP SYN flood, and Smurf attack. Further, it can detect and automatically enable source address forgery. Adding encryption, it combines features of Trinoo and of Tribe Flood Network. The software runs on both Linux and Solaris.

Stacheldraht was later superseded by Blitzkrieg, which was maintained by "random" and a loose group of associates.

Ping flood
A ping flood is a simple denial-of-service attack where the attacker overwhelms the victim with ICMP "echo request" (ping) packets. This is most effective by using the flood option of ping which sends ICMP packets as fast as possible without waiting for replies. Most implementations of ping require the user to be privileged in order to specify the flood option. It is most successful if the attacker has more bandwidth than the victim (for instance an attacker with a DSL line and the victim on a dial-up modem). The attacker hopes that the victim will respond with ICMP "echo reply" packets, thus consuming both outgoing bandwidth as well as incoming bandwidth. If the target system is slow enough, it is possible to consume enough of its CPU cycles for a user to notice a significant slowdown.

A ping flood can also be used as a diagnostic for network packet loss and throughput issues.