hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archimedean point
An Archimedean point (Latin: Punctum Archimedis) is a hypothetical viewpoint from which certain objective truths can perfectly be perceived (also known as a God's-eye view) or a reliable starting point from which one may reason. In other words, a view from an Archimedean point describes the ideal of removing oneself from the object of study so that one can see it in relation to all other things while remaining independent of them.

For example, the philosopher John Rawls uses the heuristic device of the original position in an attempt to remove the particular biases of individual agents to demonstrate how rational beings might arrive at an objective formulation of justice.

Point of view (philosophy)
In philosophy, a point of view is a specific attitude or manner through which a person thinks about something. This figurative usage of the expression dates back to 1730. 
In this meaning, the usage is synonymous with one of the meanings of the term perspective (also epistemic perspective).

The concept of the "point of view" is highly multifunctional and ambiguous. Many things may be judged from certain personal, traditional or moral points of view (as in "beauty is in the eye of the beholder"). Our knowledge about reality is often relative to a certain point of view.

Vázquez Campos and Manuel Liz Gutierrez suggested to analyse the concept of "point of view" using two approaches: one based on the concept of "propositional attitudes", the other on the concepts of "location" and "access".
Albany–Colonie Diamond Dogs
The Albany–Colonie Diamond Dogs were an independent baseball team based in Albany, New York from 1995 to 2002. The team played at Heritage Park in Colonie. The Diamond Dogs competed in the Northeast League from 1995 to 1998 and then in the Northern League when the two leagues merged prior to the 1999 season. The Diamond Dogs won the Northern League Championship in 1999. Their mascot was "Homer the Heritage Hound", a dog named for Heritage Park. Due to financial woes and competition from the new Tri-City ValleyCats, the Diamond Dogs folded after the 2002 season.

Colonie, New York
Colonie /ˌkɒləˈniː/ is a town in Albany County, New York, United States. It is the most-populous suburb of Albany, and is the third-largest town in area in Albany County, occupying approximately 11% of the county. Several hamlets exist within the town. As of the 2020 census, the town had a total population of 85,590.

The name is derived from the Dutch Colonye or "Colonie",  derived from the Colonie of Rensselaerswyck. All the land outside the Village of Beverwyck (now Albany) was referred to as the "Colonie". The town of Colonie is north of Albany and is at the northern border of the county.  Within the town of Colonie are two villages, one also known as Colonie and the other known as Menands.
Bio Oko
Bio Oko is a cinema in the Holešovice district of Prague, Czech Republic. Part of a seven-building development between the district's Milada Horáková and Heřmanová streets built between 1937 and 1940, it was designed by Jaroslav Stockar-Bernkopf and Josef Šolc. The cinema is known for its seating options; as well as standard seats, visitors to Bio Oko can sit on sofas, bean bags or deck chairs. The cinema was reopened in October 2007 after a period of reconstruction, with the premiere of the Czech film Mír s tuleni. Bio Oko switched to digital projection in 2011, thanks to funding from Prague 7 and the Ministry of Culture.

Holešovice
Holešovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦolɛʃovɪtsɛ]) is a district in the north of Prague situated on a meander of the River Vltava, which makes up the main part of the district Prague 7 (an insignificant part belongs to Prague 1).

In the past Holešovice was a heavily industrial suburb; today it is home to the main site of the Prague's National Gallery with the Trade Fair Palace (Veletržní palác), and the National Technical Museum.

In 1928, the Libeň Bridge was opened on the site of a wooden temporary bridge from 1903, and is still the longest river bridge in Prague.

In 2020, The Guardian named Holešovice as one of the 10 coolest neighborhoods in Europe.
West Coast, Singapore
West Coast is a subzone located in the town of Clementi, the western part of Singapore. The subzone currently lies in the West Coast-Jurong West GRC.

Although the West Coast subzone has its boundaries demarcated by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), adjacent subzones, namely Pandan, portions of Clementi Central, Clementi Woods and the Port, are commonly regarded as part of West Coast by the general public, due to their proximity to West Coast Park, a defying landmark of the area.

Queenstown, Singapore
Queenstown is a planning area and satellite residential town situated on the south-westernmost fringe of the Central Region of Singapore. It borders Bukit Timah to the north, Tanglin to the northeast, Bukit Merah to the east and southeast, as well as Clementi to the northwest and west. Its southern and southwesternmost limits are bounded by the Pandan Strait.

Developed by the Singapore Improvement Trust in the 1950s and subsequently by the Housing and Development Board in the 1960s, Queenstown was the first satellite town to be built in the country. Most apartments within the township consists of simple one, two, or three-room flats, typically in low-rise, walk-up blocks. Major development work was carried out during the first Five-Year Building Programme between 1960 and 1965.  A total of 19,372 dwelling units were constructed between 1952 and 1968.

The headquarters of Grab, Razer and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) are located in Queenstown.
2000 Republican National Convention
The 2000 Republican National Convention convened at the First Union Center (now the Xfinity Mobile Arena) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from July 31 to August 3, 2000. The 2,066 delegates assembled at the convention nominated Texas Governor George W. Bush for president and former U.S. Secretary of Defense Richard B. "Dick" Cheney for vice president.

Republican National Convention
The Republican National Convention (RNC) is a series of presidential nominating conventions held every four years since 1856 by the Republican Party in the United States. They are administered by the Republican National Committee. The  goal of the Republican National Convention is to officially nominate and confirm a candidate for president and vice president, adopt a comprehensive party platform and unify the party, as well as publicize and launch the fall campaign.

Delegates from all fifty U.S. states and from American dependencies and territories, including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, attend the convention and cast their votes. Like the Democratic National Convention, the Republican National Convention marks the formal end of the primary election period and the start of the general election season. In 2020, all parties replaced the usual conventions with short online programs.
Titu Maiorescu
Titu Liviu Maiorescu (Romanian: [ˈtitu majoˈresku]; 15 February 1840 – 18 June 1917) was a Romanian literary critic, politician and founder of the Junimea Society. As a literary critic, he was instrumental in the development of Romanian culture in the second half of the 19th century.

A member of the Conservative Party, he was Foreign Minister between 1910 and 1914 and Prime Minister of Romania from 1912 to 1913. He represented Romania at the Peace Conference in Bucharest that ended the Second Balkan War. In politics as in culture he favoured Germany over France. He opposed Romania's entry in World War I against Germany, but he nevertheless refused to collaborate with the German army after it had occupied Bucharest.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)
The Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romanian: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe) is the ministry responsible for external affairs of the Romanian Government. The current foreign minister is Oana Țoiu.
Robert W. Clifford
Robert William Clifford (born May 2, 1937) is an American politician, lawyer and retired associate justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court. He was appointed to this position on August 1, 1986 by then-governor Joseph Brennan. He was reappointed to seven-year terms in 1993, 2000, and 2007. He retired in 2009.

Joseph E. Brennan
Joseph Edward Brennan (November 2, 1934 – April 5, 2024) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 70th governor of Maine from 1979 to 1987 and in the United States House of Representatives for Maine's 1st congressional district from 1987 to 1991. Brennan was a commissioner on the Federal Maritime Commission during the Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama administrations.
2022 Indy Challenger
The 2022 Indy Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Indianapolis, United States between 18 and 24 July 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Franco Ambrosetti
Franco Ambrosetti (born 10 December 1941) is a jazz trumpeter, flugelhornist and composer. He was born in Lugano, Switzerland; his father, Flavio, was a saxophonist who once played opposite Charlie Parker. He has recorded several albums for Enja Records, and worked professionally with his father in a group which also included George Gruntz.

Ambrosetti has classical piano training and is also a self-taught trumpeter. Ambrosetti has worked with several American and European musicians in recordings and at jazz festivals and concerts, including Kenny Clarke, Dexter Gordon, Phil Woods, Cannonball Adderley, Joe Henderson, Michael Brecker, Mike Stern, Hal Galper and Romano Mussolini. Ambrosetti also holds a master's degree in economics from the University of Basel.

Joe Henderson
Joe Henderson (April 24, 1937 – June 30, 2001) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and very occasional flute player. In a career spanning more than four decades, Henderson played with many of the leading American players of his day and recorded for several prominent labels, including Blue Note, Milestone, Contemporary Records and Verve.
Kannur railway station
Kannur railway station (formerly Cannanore railway station)(station code: CAN) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is the largest railway station serving the City of Kannur in Kerala. It lies in the Shoranur–Mangalore section of the Southern Railway zone. It is the largest railway station in terms of area and number of tracks in North Malabar region. At ₹62 crore (equivalent to ₹77 crore or US$9.1 million in 2023) in financial year 2018–19, it is the fifth largest in terms of passenger revenues in Kerala, and second largest under Palakkad railway division. Almost all major trains connecting the other parts of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and North India halt here. Kannur and Kannur South (Station Code: CS) are two different stations which serve Kannur city.

Shoranur–Mangalore section
The Shoranur–Mangalore section, also known as Shoranur–Mangaluru section, is a railway segment of IR functioning under Palakkad Division of Southern Railway Zone.  This is a 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge electrified line which begins at the Shornur Junction railway station in Kerala and ends at the Mangalore Central railway station in Karnataka.  This line passes through  major towns including Tirur, Kozhikode, Vatakara, Thalassery, Kannur, Payyannur, Kanhangad and Kasaragod.

This line covers entire Districts of Malabar region in Kerala except Wayanad district and terminates at Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka after crossing the Nethravathi River.

The Shoranur–Mangalore section is a strategic route and the lifeline of Malabar's economy that interconnects the important cities of this regions and also serves as a threshold to Tulu Nadu, Konkan and Mumbai from Kerala.
Noah The Glory 2021
NOAH The Glory 2021 was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah took place on April 29, 2021, in Nagoya, Japan, at the Nagoya Congress Center. The event aired on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service, CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe and FITE TV.

Eight matches were contested at the event, and three of Noah's five championships were on the line. The main event saw Keiji Muto defeat Masa Kitamiya to retain the GHC Heavyweight Championship. In another prominent match, Takashi Sugiura defeated Kazuyuki Fujita to win the GHC National Championship.

Abema
Abema (アベマ; often stylized as all caps) is a Japanese streaming service that launched on April 11, 2016, under the name AbemaTV. It is majority-owned by CyberAgent, with a 55.2% stake, and TV Asahi, with a 36.8% stake, while the remaining ownership belongs to various other companies, mostly in the media and entertainment industry.

Abema primarily functions as an online television network, featuring multiple FAST channels that offer news, sports, entertainment programming, with the option to become a premium member to view past programs on demand.
Rochester Pier
Rochester Pier (historically known as the Esplanade Pier) is a river pier and former landing stage on the River Medway at Rochester, Kent, England. Originally built in 1881 during the height of Victorian river tourism, it has long held significance as a commercial and pleasure gateway to historic Rochester, serving excursion steamers, passenger services, and local ferries. Located prominently beside Rochester Castle and Rochester Bridge, the pier remains a symbolic feature of Medway’s riverside landscape, retaining heritage interest and the subject of ongoing preservation campaigns and repair initiatives.

Rochester Bridge
Rochester Bridge is a bridge over the River Medway in Rochester, Kent, England. For centuries, it was the lowest fixed crossing of the river in South East England. There have been several generations of bridge at this spot, and the current "bridge" is in fact four separate bridges: the Old Bridge and New Bridge carrying the A2 road, Railway Bridge carrying the railway and the Service Bridge carrying service pipes and cables. The bridge links the towns of Strood and Rochester in Medway. All except the railway bridge are owned and maintained by the Rochester Bridge Trust.
Bill C-51
Bill C-51 is a designation given to multiple bills under consideration by the Parliament of Canada. Notable bills with this designation include:

Bill C-51 (2008), a proposed amendment to the Food and Drugs Act

Bill C-51 (2015), the Anti-terrorism Act, 2015, 2015

Anti-terrorism Act, 2015
The Anti-terrorism Act, 2015 (French: Loi antiterroriste (2015)), introduced as, and referred to as Bill C-51, is an act of the Parliament of Canada passed by the Harper government that broadened the authority of Canadian government agencies to share information about individuals easily. It also expanded the mandate of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and was described as the first comprehensive reform of this kind since 2001.

The bill was introduced and passed by the Conservative government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper. The Liberal Party supported the bill, although promised to amend the bill to improve it if elected. It was opposed by the Green Party, the Bloc Québecois, Strength in Democracy, and the New Democratic Party (NDP).
Gablenz Range
The Gablenz Range (72°0′S 4°30′E﻿ / ﻿72.000°S 4.500°E﻿ / -72.000; 4.500) is a mountain range, 13 nautical miles (24 km) long, including Skigarden Ridge, Mount Grytoyr and associated features. The range lies between the northern part of the Preuschoff Range and the Luz Range in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and was named after the director of the German Lufthansa Corporation.

Mount Grytøyr
Mount Grytøyr (72°0′S 4°31′E﻿ / ﻿72.000°S 4.517°E﻿ / -72.000; 4.517) is a broad ice-topped mountain, 2,695 metres (8,840 ft) high, between Flogeken Glacier and Stuttflog Glacier in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named for B. Grytøyr, a meteorologist with the expedition (1956–58).
Europa Press
Europa Press is a Spanish news agency founded in 1953. It broadcasts news 24 hours a day, publishing 3,000 articles on average per day. Originally founded as a book distribution company by five monarchists, Europa Press became a news agency in 1966. It is a competitor to the state-run news agency, Agencia EFE.

EFE
Agencia EFE, S.A. (Spanish: [ˈefe]) is a Spanish international news agency, the major Spanish-language multimedia news agency and the world's fourth largest wire service after the Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse. EFE was created in 1939 by Ramón Serrano Súñer, then Francoist faction's Interior Minister.

Agencia EFE is a news agency that covers all areas of information in the news media of the press, radio, television and Internet. It distributes around three million news items per year, thanks to its 3,000 journalists from 60 nationalities, operating 24 hours per day from more than 180 cities in 120 countries and with four editorial desks in three continents: Madrid, Bogotá, Cairo (Arabic), and Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese).
1868 City of Nelson by-election
The 1868 City of Nelson by-election was a by-election held on 24 December 1868 in the City of Nelson electorate during the 4th New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Edward Stafford. The by-election was won by Nathaniel Edwards.

Nelson (New Zealand electorate)
Nelson is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives of New Zealand. From 1853 to 1860, the electorate was called Town of Nelson. From 1860 to 1881, it was City of Nelson. The electorate is the only one that has continuously existed since the 1st Parliament in 1853.

The current MP for Nelson is Rachel Boyack of the Labour Party after defeating long time incumbent Nick Smith of the National Party in the 2020 general election.
John Martin (priest)
Christianity portal

John Charles Martin (4 November 1797 - 17 January 1878) was a 19th-century Anglican priest in Ireland.

Martin was born in Cork and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Archdeacon of Kilmore from 1866 until his death.

Archdeacon of Kilmore
The Archdeacon of Kilmore is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh.

The archdeaconry can trace its history from Maelisa Mac Gillco Erain, the earliest known incumbent, who died in 1199, to the current incumbent, Canon Ian W. Horner (incumbent Rector of Bailieborough group of parishes since 2016), who succeeded Canon Craig McCauley in 2023. Archdeacon Horner is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy  within his half of the Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh.
Langford, Nottinghamshire
Langford is a village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England. It is located four miles north-east of Newark-on-Trent and two miles east from the River Trent. Population for the civil parish was 104 at the 2021 census. It lies along the A1133 which comes off of the A46 road.

A46 road
The A46 is a major A road in England. It starts east of Bath, Somerset and ends in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire, but it does not form a continuous route.  Large portions of the old road have been lost, bypassed, or replaced by motorway development.  Between Leicester and Lincoln the road follows the course of the Roman Fosse Way, but between Bath and Leicester, two cities also linked by the Fosse Way, it follows a more westerly course.
Eremothecella helicella
Eremothecella helicella is a species of lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2014. It is the first bark-dwelling member of its genus, as all other known species of Eremothecella grow exclusively on leaves. The lichen forms a glossy green crust on tree bark and is distinguished by its unusual corkscrew-shaped asexual spores, a feature rarely seen among lichen-forming fungi. Known only from primary rainforest sites around Porto Velho in Rondônia state, this species has been found growing on smooth-barked trees at low elevations.

Arthoniaceae
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.
John Irick House
The John Irick House, also known as the Dunker House, is located on Jacksonville-Jobstown Road in the Jacksonville section of Springfield Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States.  The brick house was built in 1761 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 16, 1977, for its significance in architecture.  It is also noted in the Traditional Patterned Brickwork Buildings in New Jersey Multiple Property Submission (MPS).

Springfield Township, Burlington County, New Jersey
Springfield Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 3,245, a decrease of 169 (−5.0%) from the 2010 census count of 3,414, which in turn reflected an increase of 187 (+5.8%) from the 3,227 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.
Zipser Willkür
Zipser Willkür (i.e. Zipser arbitrariness), alternatively known as Zipser Recht (i.e. Zipser Law) as well, was the official German town law (German: Deutsches Stadtrecht) of the Zipser Germans or Zipser Saxons (German: Zipser, Zipser Deutsche or Zipser Sachsen), an ethnic German group which settled in the Szepes County, Kingdom of Hungary, now Spiš (German: Zips), northeastern Slovakia (as well as a small part in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland) starting in the Middle Ages. This particular law is the oldest German town law which was used in medieval Slovakia, thereby applying town privileges where it was in effect.

Szepes County
Szepes (Slovak: Spiš; Latin: Scepusium, Polish: Spisz, German: Zips) was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, called Scepusium before the late 19th century. Its territory today lies in northeastern Slovakia, with a very small area in southeastern Poland. For the current region, see Spiš.
Shumbar
Shumbar (Ukrainian: Шумбар) is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Kremenets Raion, Shumsk urban hromada.  After the liquidation of the Shumsk Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Shumsk urban hromada
Shumsk urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Шумська територіальна громада, romanized: Shumska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the city of Shumsk. Its population is 24,466 (2022 estimate) It was formed on 24 July 2015.