hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 736
NGC 736 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Triangulum. It is an estimated 200 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 85,000 light years. NGC 736 was discovered on September 12, 1784 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.

Triangulum
Triangulum is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for "triangle", derived from its three brightest stars, which form a long and narrow triangle. Known to the ancient Babylonians and Greeks, Triangulum was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. The celestial cartographers Johann Bayer and John Flamsteed catalogued the constellation's stars, giving six of them Bayer designations.

The white stars Beta and Gamma Trianguli, of apparent magnitudes 3.00 and 4.00, respectively, form the base of the triangle and the yellow-white Alpha Trianguli, of magnitude 3.41, the apex. Iota Trianguli is a notable double star system, and there are three star systems with known planets located in Triangulum. The constellation contains several galaxies, the brightest and nearest of which is the Triangulum Galaxy or Messier 33—a member of the Local Group. The first quasar ever observed, 3C 48, also lies within the boundaries of Triangulum.
1993–94 Los Angeles Kings season
The 1993–94 Los Angeles Kings season was the Kings' 27th season in the National Hockey League (NHL). The team finished in fifth place in the Pacific Division with a record of 27–45–12 for 66 points and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1986. The Kings played their home games at the Great Western Forum in Inglewood.

This season saw Kings captain Wayne Gretzky become the NHL's all-time leading goal scorer. He also won his 10th and final Art Ross Trophy as the league's leading scorer with 130 points. Despite Gretzky's achievements, the defending conference champion Kings regressed on the ice. They finished in 10th place in the newly-rebranded Western Conference, 16 points behind the San Jose Sharks, who clinched the eighth and final playoff spot. Notably, the Kings also finished five points behind their new local rivals, the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, who were then in their first year of existence.

1993–94 San Jose Sharks season
The 1993–94 San Jose Sharks season was the team's third season of operation in the National Hockey League (NHL). It saw the Sharks finish in third place in the Pacific Division with a record of 33 wins, 35 losses, and 16 ties for 82 points, clinching the eighth and final playoff spot in the newly rebranded Western Conference. San Jose achieved the largest turnaround in NHL history, recording a 58-point improvement from the previous season. Their 33 wins and 82 points in 1993–94 were more than their win and point totals in their first two seasons combined. In the playoffs, the Sharks upset the heavily favored Detroit Red Wings in the Conference Quarterfinals. However, they fell to the Toronto Maple Leafs in seven games in the Conference Semifinals.

This was the first season in which the Sharks actually played in San Jose. After playing their first two seasons at the Cow Palace in Daly City, the Sharks moved into the brand new San Jose Arena for the 1993–94 season.
Aspen University
Aspen University is a Private for-profit online university with its headquarters in Denver, Colorado. It was established in 1987. Aspen University offers undergraduate and graduate degrees.

The university is owned by the Aspen Group, Inc. a publicly held, for-profit postsecondary education company headquartered in New York City. It owns two accredited universities, Aspen University and United States University. Aspen Group, Inc. is publicly traded over the counter under the symbol ASPU. In 2023, ASPU voluntarily delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.

For-profit higher education in the United States
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions, and more recently with online program managers, but commercialization has been part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.
Akhbar Sri Darbar Sahib Sri Amritsar Ji
The Akhbar Sri Darbar Sahib Sri Amritsar Ji, also known simply as Akhbar Sri Darbar Sahib, was a Braj-language fortnightly newspaper written in Gurmukhi script that was founded in Amritsar in 1867. It was one of the first Gurmukhi and Sikh newspapers.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Harrison Dillard
William Harrison "Bones" Dillard (July 8, 1923 – November 15, 2019) was an American track and field athlete, who is the only male in the history of the Olympic Games to win gold in both the 100 meter (sprints) and the 110 meter hurdles, making him the “World’s Fastest Man” in 1948 and the “World’s Fastest Hurdler” in 1952.

National Track and Field Hall of Fame
The National Track and Field Hall of Fame is a museum operated by The Armory Foundation in conjunction with USA Track & Field. It is located within the Armory Foundation (the former Fort Washington Avenue Armory) at 216 Fort Washington Avenue, between 168th and 169th Streets, in Washington Heights, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. The stated goal of the Hall is to reflect upon, appreciate, and honor the past by saluting Americans who have made important contributions to the history of Track and Field. Inductees to the Hall of Fame include athletes, coaches, contributors, officials, event directors, journalists and administrators. USA Track & Field has been inducting members into the Hall since 1974.  Currently there are 254 people enshrined.
1973 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1973 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University as a member of the Pacific-8 Conference (Pac-8) during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In their ninth season under head coach Dee Andros, the Beavers compiled an overall record of 2–9 with a mark of 2–5 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for fifth in the Pac-8, and were outscored 293 to 166.  The team played four home games on campus at Parker Stadium in Corvallis, with one at Civic Stadium in Portland.

With their three-point road win over rival Oregon in the season finale, Andros' record improved to 8–1 against the Ducks in the Civil War game.

1973 Oregon Ducks football team
The 1973 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In his second and final year as head coach, Dick Enright led the Ducks to a 2–9 record (2–5 in Pac-8, tied for fifth)

Six weeks after the season ended, Enright was fired by athletic director Norv Ritchey in early January, with the university buying out the remainder of his four-year contract. He was immediately succeeded by assistant coach Don Read, who handled quarterbacks and receivers for the past two seasons.
Advanced landing ground
Advanced landing grounds (ALGs) were temporary advance airfields constructed by the Allies during World War II during the liberation of Europe. They were built in the UK prior to the invasion and thereafter in northwest Europe from 6 June 1944 to V-E Day, 7 May 1945.

Unlike the permanent airfields built in the United Kingdom and designed for the strategic bombardment of Germany, the tactical combat airfields on the continent were temporary, often improvised airfields to be used by the tactical air forces to support the advancing ground armies engaged on the battlefield. Once the front line moved out of range for the aircraft, the groups and squadrons moved up to newly built ALGs closer to the ground forces and left the ones in the rear for other support uses, or simply abandoned them.

Antwerp International Airport
Antwerp International Airport (IATA: ANR, ICAO: EBAW), commonly known simply as Antwerp Airport, is a small international airport located 2.9 nautical miles (5.4 km; 3.3 mi) south of Antwerp, Belgium. The airport is used for some scheduled and charter flights, as well as business and general aviation, and served 239,517 passengers in 2022.
Mashan Miao language
Mang, or Mashan Miao also known as Mashan Hmong (麻山 máshān), is a Miao language of China, spoken primarily in Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County, southwestern Guizhou province, southwest China. The endonym is Mang, similar to other West Hmongic languages such as Mong.

Luodian County
Luodian County (simplified Chinese: 罗甸县; traditional Chinese: 羅甸縣; pinyin: Luódiàn Xiàn) (Bouyei language: Lachos xianq) is a county under the administration of Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the south of Guizhou province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south.

The climate in the area is humid subtropical, with strong monsoon influences bringing heavy rain during the summer. Winters are dry due to the influence of the Siberian high-pressure system.

The county seat and the largest town in the county is also named Luodian; it was formerly known as Longping.

The county is frequented by both Chinese and foreign geologists, with the core area of work called Big Guizhoutan, or Big Guizhou Shoal.  This has been called a "treasure land for Triassic Period research."
Screamer 4x4
Screamer 4x4 is a 4x4 off-road game, developed by Hungarian-based Clever's Games and published by Virgin Interactive. It is the fourth game in the Screamer series. It is the first game in the series not developed by Milestone. It makes use of graphics hardware acceleration, allowing to choose between Glide, Direct3D and OpenGL renderers.

In North America, the game was part of a $20 budget range from Titus Interactive which was branded using the Virgin Interactive name alongside Original War, Codename: Outbreak and Nightstone.

Titus Interactive
Titus Interactive SA, known as Titus France SA until March 1999, was a French software publisher that produced and published video games for various platforms. Its head office was located in Parc de l'Esplanade in Lagny sur Marne in Greater Paris. At one time, it was in Montfermeil, elsewhere in Greater Paris.

The company's mascot was Titus, the title character of Titus the Fox.
2021 Amstel Gold Race
The 2021 Amstel Gold Race was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 18 April 2021 in the Netherlands. It was the 55th edition of the Amstel Gold Race and the 14th event of the 2021 UCI World Tour. Although Wout van Aert was declared to have defeated Tom Pidcock in a photofinish sprint with Maximilian Schachmann completing the podium, it was speculated that the photofinish camera had been focused on a point approximately 26.86 cm forward of the true finish line, making the true victor unclear.

2021 UCI World Tour
The 2021 UCI World Tour was a series of races that included twenty-nine road cycling events throughout the 2021 cycling season. The tour started with the opening stage of the UAE Tour on 21 February, and concluded with Il Lombardia on 9 October.
Elizabeth Reiter
Elizabeth Reiter is an American operatic soprano who has been based at the Oper Frankfurt from 2013, where she covered a broad repertoire from Armida in Handel's Rinaldo to the double role Renee/Alice in the German premiere of Olga Neuwirth's Lost Highway. She performed at international opera houses and festivals, such as singing Zerlina in Mozart's Don Giovanni in Tanglewood, conducted by James Levine.

The Cunning Little Vixen
The Cunning Little Vixen (original title Příhody lišky Bystroušky or Tales of Vixen Sharp-Ears in English) is a three-act Czech-language opera by Leoš Janáček completed in 1923 to a libretto the composer himself adapted from a novella by Rudolf Těsnohlídek.
Baga language
Baga, or Barka, is a dialect cluster spoken by the Baga people of coastal Guinea. The name derives from the phrase bae raka Slaves trading place ( a mispronounced bae=Arabic for sellers and Raka= Arabic for slaves)and understood by the local as 'people of the seaside' outcast people. Most Baga are bilingual in the Mande language Susu, the official regional language. Two ethnically Baga communities, Sobané and Kaloum, are known to have abandoned their (unattested) language altogether in favour of Susu.

Susu language
Susu (endonym: Susu: Sosoxui; French: Soussou) is the language of the Susu or Soso people of Guinea and Sierra Leone, West Africa. It is in the Mande language family, and its closest relative is Yalunka.

It is one of the national languages of Guinea and spoken mainly in the coastal region of the country.
Cumulative hierarchy
In mathematics, specifically set theory, a cumulative hierarchy is a family of sets  indexed by ordinals  such that

If  is a limit ordinal, then

Some authors additionally require that .

The union  of the sets of a cumulative hierarchy is often used as a model of set theory.

The phrase "the cumulative hierarchy" usually refers to the von Neumann hierarchy, which has .

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Shirui
Shirui, initially called Shiroy/Shiroi, is a village located north of Ukhrul in Ukhrul district, Manipur state, India. The village is 15 kilometers from Ukhrul. National Highway 150 Imphal-Kohima via Jessami passes through the village. The village is divided into two parts, Shirui ato and Shirui aze; however, both the parts are under one chief. Shirui is famous for the rich and flora found on Shirui Kashong or Shirui peak and especially for blooming of the rare Lilium mackliniae during the start of Monsoon. The village is flanked by Ukhrul in the west, Langdang in the south, Mapum in the east, Sihai in the North east and Lunghar in the north. Locally inhabitants speak Shirui dialect which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.

Jessami
Jessami is a village in Ukhrul district, Manipur, India. Jessami is a border village in the extreme north of Manipur State and borders with Meluri, a border village of Nagaland State. Being nearer to Nagaland, the town used to get electricity from Nagaland until the government of Manipur installed a 33 KV Sub-Power station in 2011 to supply power from Manipur. The village came to national attention in 2015 when a fatal bus accident claimed the lives of 13 passengers.

The inhabitants of Jessami are Chakesang. As it is in the border of Manipur and Nagaland, various languages including Chakesang, Tangkhul, Manipuri and Nagamese are commonplace. About 85% of residents work in agriculture.
Teruko Wada
Teruko Wada (和田 照子, Wada Teruko) (born October 31, 1969, Nagano, Nagano prefecture), Japan is an attorney and former President of the Girl Scouts of Japan, a member of the World Board of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts since 2011, and Senior Manager at the Japan Business Federation.

Wada led disaster relief fundraising efforts in the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, and under her guidance, Girl Scouts of Nagano started a project to support children with needs in partnership with Armenian Girl Guides of the National Union of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts of Armenia.

She studied at the Graduate School of Law and Politics of the University of Tokyo, as well as Waseda University and Knox College. She lives in Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo. She was admitted, or permitted to practice law, in New York State in 2004 via Georgetown University.

Girl Scouts of Japan
The Girl Scouts of Japan (ガールスカウト日本連盟, Gārusukauto Nippon Renmei) is a scouting organization for girls in Japan, founded in 1919. It became a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1952 and had 33,593 members as of 2014.
1983 British Lions tour to New Zealand
In 1983, the British Lions rugby union team toured New Zealand for the first time since 1977. The Lions went down to a 4–0 whitewash for only the second time in history – the previous was also inflicted by the All Blacks on the 1966 Lions. Overall the Lions played eighteen matches, winning twelve and losing six. In addition to their four test defeats they also lost to the Auckland and Canterbury provincial unions.

The tour was captained by Ciaran Fitzgerald, coached by Jim Telfer and managed by Willie John McBride. The tour lasted 18 matches and almost 3 months, between May and July 1983.

1966 British Lions tour to Australia and New Zealand
In 1966 the British Lions toured Australia and New Zealand. The Lions won the two test matches against Australia but lost all four internationals against the All Blacks.

Overall the tourists played thirty-five matches, winning twenty-three, losing nine and drawing three. In Australia the Lions played eight matches, winning seven and drawing the other. In New Zealand they played twenty-five matches, winning fifteen, drawing two and losing eight – in addition to their four test defeats they also lost to Southland, Otago, Wellington and Wanganui-King Country. They also played two matches in Canada, winning one and losing one.

The touring party was captained by Mike Campbell-Lamerton. The manager was Des O'Brien and for the first time a Lions touring team had a coach, John Robins, rather than an assistant manager.
Cameron Girdlestone
Cameron Girdlestone is an Australian representative rower. He is a five-time Australian national champion, a medalist at World Championships, a dual Olympian and an Olympic silver and bronze medallist.  He raced in the Australian men's quad scull at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics to a bronze medal.

Australian Rowing Championships
The Australian Rowing Championships is an annual rowing event that determines Australia's national rowing champions and facilitates selection of Australian representative crews for World Championships and the Olympic Games. It is Australia's premier regatta, with states, clubs and schools sending their best crews. The Championships commence with the National Regatta - men's, women's and lightweight events in open, under 23, under 19, under 17 and school age events. Rowers at the National Regatta race in their local club colours with composite crews permitted. The Championships conclude with the Interstate Regatta - currently eight events competed by state representative crews or scullers selected by the state rowing associations. The states compete for an overall points tally which decides the Zurich Cup.
Eigengrau
Eigengrau (German for 'intrinsic gray'; pronounced [ˈʔaɪ̯gŋ̍ˌgʁaʊ̯] ⓘ), also called Eigenlicht (Dutch and German for 'intrinsic light'), dark light, or brain gray, is the uniform dark gray background color that many people report seeing in the absence of visible light.

Contrast (vision)
Contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable from a background. Human vision is more sensitive to relative differences than to absolute luminance, so perceived appearance can remain fairly stable despite large changes in illumination.

The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. Brightening an image increases contrast in darker areas but decreases it in brighter areas; conversely, darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Bleach bypass reduces contrast in the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.
Pocono Mountain station
Pocono Mountain is a proposed New Jersey Transit Rail Operations (NJT) station located in Coolbaugh Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania and is part of a site that was formerly utilized as a summer camp. The proposed station site, which will include a 1,000-space surface parking lot, is located northwest of a multi-phased planned development for this area. Access will be from Pennsylvania Route 611 via Pocono Municipal Road/Mount Pocono Road and a local access road and the platform would be situated east of the track.

Rail service from this station to New Jersey and New York City would be provided by NJ Transit if Lackawanna Cut-Off Restoration Project is completed. In spring 2021, Amtrak announced plans for potential New York-Scranton route.

Erie Lackawanna Railway
The Erie Lackawanna Railway (reporting mark EL), known as the Erie Lackawanna Railroad until 1968, was formed from the 1960 merger of the Erie Railroad and the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad. The official motto of the line was "The Friendly Service Route".

Like many for-profit railroads in the northeast already financially vulnerable from the expanding U.S. Interstate Highway System (which operates at a financial loss), the line was severely weakened fiscally by the extent, duration and record flood levels due to Hurricane Agnes in 1972. It would never recover. Most of the corporation's holdings became part of Conrail in 1976, ending its sixteen years as an independent operating railroad company.
Manna
Manna (Hebrew: מָן, romanized: mān, Greek: μάννα; Arabic: اَلْمَنُّ), sometimes or archaically spelled mana, is described in the Bible and the Quran as an edible substance that God bestowed upon the Israelites while they were wandering the desert during the 40-year period that followed the Exodus and preceded the conquest of Canaan.

Humorism
Humorism, the humoral theory, or humoralism, was a system of medicine detailing a supposed makeup and workings of the human body, adopted by Ancient Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers.

Humorism began to fall out of favor in the 17th century and it was definitively disproved with the discovery of microbes.