hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Context effect
A context effect is an aspect of cognitive psychology that describes the influence of environmental factors on one's perception of a stimulus.  The impact of context effects is considered to be part of top-down design.  The concept is supported by the theoretical approach to perception known as constructive perception.

Context effects can impact our daily lives in many ways such as word recognition, learning abilities, memory, and object recognition.  It can have an extensive effect on marketing and consumer decisions.  For example, research has shown that the comfort level of the floor that shoppers are standing on while reviewing products can affect their assessments of products' quality, leading to higher assessments if the floor is comfortable and lower ratings if it is uncomfortable. Because of effects such as this, context effects are currently studied predominantly in marketing.

Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of human mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning. Cognitive psychology originated in the 1960s in a break from behaviorism, which held from the 1920s to 1950s that unobservable mental processes were outside the realm of empirical science. This break came as researchers in linguistics, cybernetics, and applied psychology used models of mental processing to explain human behavior. Work derived from cognitive psychology was integrated into other branches of psychology and various other modern disciplines like cognitive science, linguistics, and economics.
Kaoru Hatoyama
Kaoru Hatoyama (鳩山 薫, Hatoyama Kaoru; 21 November 1888 – 15 August 1982) was a Japanese educator and academic administrator who was the president of Kyoritsu Women's University, which was founded by her mother-in-law, Haruko Hatoyama. She was the wife of Ichirō Hatoyama, the 52nd–54th Prime Minister of Japan from 1954 to 1956. She was the mother of Iichirō Hatoyama, who was Japan's Foreign Minister from 1976 to 1977. She was the grandmother of Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama who served from 2009 to 2010 and politician Kunio Hatoyama.

Kunio Hatoyama
Kunio Hatoyama (鳩山邦夫, Hatoyama Kunio; 13 September 1949 – 21 June 2016) was a Japanese politician who served as Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications under Prime Ministers Shinzō Abe and Yasuo Fukuda until 12 June 2009.
Museo La Salle
The Museo de Ciencias Naturales La Salle (English: Natural Science Museum La Salle) is a natural history museum in San José, Costa Rica. It consists of 3 main halls where exhibitions are organized by categories, such as insects, ichthyology, herpetology, ornithology, mammals, and anthropology.

The museum was founded in 1960 by Eduardo Fernández, a science teacher at Colegio La Salle, who with the help of his students began the collection.

Natural history museum
A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more.
Lundie Craigs
Lundie Craigs/Westerkeith Hill is one of the hills of the Sidlaw range in South East Perthshire.

Lundie Craigs/Westerkeith Hill is located near Coupar Angus and is quite popular to dog walkers and hill walkers.

Sidlaws
The Sidlaws are a range of hills in the counties of Perthshire and Angus in Scotland that extend for 30 miles (45 km) from Kinnoull Hill, near Perth, northeast to Forfar. A continuation of the Ochils, they separate Strathmore to the north from the Carse of Gowrie on the shore of the Tay.

At 1492 feet (455 metres), Craigowl Hill, north of Dundee, is the highest of the Sidlaws. Points of interest include Dunsinane Hill, mentioned in Shakespeare's play Macbeth, and Auchterhouse Hill, which was the site of an ancient hill fort. The ruined observatory on Kinpurnie Hill was built in the 18th century and can be seen for many miles on the Strathmore side of the Sidlaws. There is a local legend that a poacher named Brandon Henderson lived as a hermit in the tower for seven years in order to win a £100 bet.

Sidlaw Hills is also the name of a "Schottische" marching tune composed for the fiddle by Jim Watson of Blairgowrie (1868–1931).
Der yidisher komunist
Der yidisher komunist (Yiddish: דער אידישער קאמוניסט, 'The Jewish Communist') was a short-lived Yiddish language newspaper published from Gomel. It was founded as a weekly newspaper in June 1919. It was the organ of the Yevsektsiya (Jewish Section of the Communist Party) in Gomel.

Gomel
Gomel (Russian: Гомель, IPA: [ˈɡomʲɪlʲ]) or Homyel (Belarusian: Гомель, romanized: Homieĺ, IPA: [ˈɣomʲelʲ]) is a city in south-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative centre of Gomel Region and Gomel District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it is the second-largest city in Belarus, with 501,193 inhabitants.
Longing in Their Hearts
Longing in Their Hearts is the twelfth album by American singer-songwriter Bonnie Raitt, released in 1994. The album gave Raitt a mainstream hit with "Love Sneakin' Up On You," which reached #19 on the US Billboard singles chart, and "You", which remains to date her only UK Top 40 hit, peaking at No. 31.

Was (Not Was)
Was (Not Was) is an American band founded in 1979 in Detroit, Michigan, by David Weiss and Don Fagenson, who adopted the stage names David Was and Don Was. Their song catalog features an eclectic mix of pop and rock styles, often featuring guest musicians from across the musical spectrum. The band's most popular period was during the 1980s and early 1990s, with their highest-charting hit, the song "Walk the Dinosaur", released in 1987 as the lead single from their 1988 album What Up, Dog?, becoming a worldwide top-40 hit and peaking at № 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. The band went on indefinite hiatus in the mid-1990s, but has returned sporadically since the turn of the millennium. Their most recent release was the 2008 album Boo!.
1999 FIBA European Championship for Cadettes
The 1999 FIBA European Championship for Cadettes was the 13th edition of the European basketball championship for U16 women's teams, today known as FIBA U16 Women's European Championship. 12 teams featured in the competition, held in Tulcea, Romania, from 23 July to 1 August 1999.

Spain won their first title.

FIBA U16 Women's EuroBasket
The FIBA U16 Women's EuroBasket is the new name for the FIBA U16 Women's European Championship, originally known as the FIBA European Championship for Cadettes. It's a women's youth basketball competition that was inaugurated with the 1976 edition. Through the 2003 edition, it was held every second year, but since the 2004 edition onward, it is held every year. The tournament serves as a qualification for the FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup in odd years, for the FIBA Europe region. The current champions are Finland.
MOOSE (software)
MOOSE (Multiphysics Object Oriented Simulation Environment) is an object-oriented C++ finite element framework for the development of tightly coupled multiphysics solvers from Idaho National Laboratory. MOOSE makes use of the PETSc non-linear solver package and libmesh to provide the finite element discretization.

A key design aspect of MOOSE is the decomposition of weak form residual equations into separate terms that are each represented by compute kernels. The combination of these kernels into complete residuals describing the problem to be solved is performed at run time. This allows modifications such as toggling of mechanisms and the addition of new physics without recompilation. MOOSE comes with an extensive library of kernels providing residual terms for solid mechanics, Navier–Stokes equations, phase-field models and more.

MOOSE uses VTK for visualisation.

VTK
The Visualization Toolkit (VTK) is a free software system for 3D computer graphics, image processing and scientific visualization.

VTK is distributed under the GNU-approved and FSF-approved BSD 3-clause License.
Whittlesea Ranges FC
Whittlesea Ranges is a semi-professional soccer club based in the suburbs of Epping and Lalor, Victoria, Australia. All home games are played at Epping Soccer Stadium.

Formed in 1971, the club currently competes in the Victorian State League 2 North-West in the sixth tier of the Australian soccer league system.

Epping Stadium
Epping Stadium is an Australian soccer ground on Harvest Home Rd in Epping, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. Opened in 1999 the stadium has a capacity of 10,000, with approximately 1000 seats in its sole grandstand. The venue was host to several National Soccer League matches during the final days of Carlton SC, and has also hosted A-League clubs Melbourne Heart and Melbourne Victory in pre-season matches, as well as W-League Matches and National Youth League matches.
The stadium will be host to  Melbourne Victory Youth home matches for the 2016 NPL Victoria season.
Great Strickland
Great Strickland is a village and civil parish in the Eden Valley between the Cumbrian mountains in the west and the Pennines in the east.  It is 5 miles (8.0 km) south east of Penrith, and is in the former county of Westmorland. At the 2011 Census Great Strickland was grouped with Little Strickland, itself enlarged to include Thrimby after 2001, to give a total population of 370. The equivalent figure from the 2001 census was 342.

The sandstone village church is dedicated to Saint Barnabas and was constructed in 1872.  It has a bell turret.

To the west of the village lies the River Leith, the West Coast Main Line and the M6 Motorway. To the south lies the small settlement of Little Strickland.

Strickland Coat of Arms

St Barnabas' Church, Great Strickland

Westmorland
Westmorland (/ˈwɛstmərlənd/, formerly also spelt Westmoreland) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The area included part of the Lake District and the southern Vale of Eden, and its inhabitants were known as Westmerians.

The county had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria together with Cumberland, the Sedbergh area of Yorkshire, and the Furness area of Lancashire. It gives its name to the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, which covers a larger area than the historic county.
2016 One-Day Cup
The 2016 Royal London One-Day Cup tournament was a limited overs cricket competition that formed part of the 2016 domestic cricket season in England and Wales. Matches were contested over 50 overs per side and have List A status. All eighteen First-class counties competed in the tournament. Defending champions Gloucestershire went out in the group stage, as Warwickshire Bears  beat Surrey in the final.

One-Day Cup (England)
The One-Day Cup, currently known as the Metro Bank One Day Cup, is a fifty-over limited overs cricket competition for the England and Wales first-class counties. It began in 2014 as a replacement for the ECB 40 tournament, which ran from 2010 to 2013. In contrast to its 40-over predecessor, the number of overs per innings was set at 50 to bring the competition in line with One-Day Internationals.

The 2020 tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
2023 TCR UK Touring Car Championship
The 2023 TCR UK Touring Car Championship is the sixth season of the TCR UK Touring Car Championship. The championship features production-based touring cars built to TCR specifications and will be held over fifteen races across seven meetings throughout England and Scotland. The championship is operated by Stewart Lines' Maximum Group in partnership with the British Racing and Sports Car Club.

SEAT León
The SEAT León (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈse.at leˈon]), also spelled Leon in some other languages, is a small family car built by the Spanish car manufacturer SEAT since October 1999. It is named after the city of León (which also means "Lion" in Spanish).

The first two León generations used two differing variants of the Volkswagen Group A platform, and shared many components with other Volkswagen Group cars. The third and fourth generation use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform, also used by the Audi A3 Mk3 and Mk4, Volkswagen Golf Mk7 and Mk8 and Škoda Octavia Mk3 and Mk4.
UAE Touring Car Championship
The UAE Touring Car Championship is a touring car racing series that takes place each year in the United Arab Emirates.

The UAETCC consists of three classes. Class 1 uses cars built to Super 2000 or BTC Touring regulations. Class 2 uses Super Production regulations for cars with engine capacities of not more than 2000 cc. Class 3 is a 1600 cc class and is the most production-based of the three. From the season 2011-2012 Class 3 became Clio Cup class using the Clio Cup 195 & 200 Cup cars based on the X85 chassis, while from the season 2018–19, the national championship introduced a TCR class in races and whole Championship renamed in 2019–2020 season as UAE Procar Championship in order to accommodate GT Cars in the same grid.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Aroostook War
The Aroostook War (sometimes called the Pork and Beans War), or the Madawaska War, was a military and civilian-involved confrontation in 1838–1839 between the United States and the United Kingdom over the international boundary between the British colonies of New Brunswick and Lower Canada and the U.S. state of Maine. The term "war" was rhetorical; local militia units were called out but never engaged in actual combat. The event is best described as an international incident.

Negotiations between British diplomat Lord Ashburton and US Secretary of State Daniel Webster settled the dispute. The Webster–Ashburton Treaty of 1842 established the final boundary between the countries, giving most of the disputed area to Maine while preserving an overland connection between Lower Canada and the Maritime colonies.

Penobscot County, Maine
Penobscot County is a county in the U.S. state of Maine, named for the Penobscot people in Wabanakik. As of the 2020 census, the population was 152,199, making it the third-most-populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Bangor. The county was established on February 15, 1816, from part of Hancock County when the area was still part of Massachusetts. Penobscot County is home to the University of Maine.

Penobscot County comprises the Bangor, ME Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Charax Spasinu
Charax Spasinu, also called Charax Spasinou, Charax Pasinu, Spasinu Charax (Koine Greek: Σπασίνου Χάραξ, romanized: Spasínou Kháraks), Alexandria (Ἀλεξάνδρεια) or Antiochia in Susiana (Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Σουσιανῆς), was an ancient port at the head of the Persian Gulf in what is now Iraq and the capital of the ancient kingdom of Characene.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Bagaudae Revolt
The Bagaudae Revolt (409-417) was a violent conflict in the early 5th century, involving part of the population in northwestern Gaul. The uprising was an indirect result of the Rhine crossing in 405–406, through which various Germanic peoples invaded the Western Roman Empire, as well as the revolt of the army in Britannia and the resulting civil war. In the following period, the Gallic population largely had to rely on itself and formed self-defense groups, which were called Bagaudae. In mid-409, groups of Bagaudae in the Loire Valley and Brittany rebelled against the Roman regime. The course of this uprising has been briefly reported. Most of the information comes from the work of the Byzantine historian Zosimus (460-515), the Roman poet Rutilius Namatianus (early 5th century), and the priest Salvianus (400-475) from Marseille.

Gallia Lugdunensis
Gallia Lugdunensis (French: Gaule Lyonnaise) was a province of the Roman Empire in what is now the modern country of France, part of the Celtic territory of Gaul formerly known as Celtica. It is named after its capital Lugdunum (today's Lyon), possibly Roman Europe's major city west of Italy, and a major imperial mint. Outside Lugdunum was the Sanctuary of the Three Gauls, where representatives met to celebrate the cult of Rome and Augustus.
40S ribosomal protein S25
40S ribosomal protein S25 (eS25) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS25 gene.

Ribosomes are cellular macromolecules that catalyze protein synthesis across all kingdoms of life. The eukaryotic ribosome consists of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 distinct proteins. The RPS25 gene encodes the eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein eS25 that is a component of the 40S subunit. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.

Internal ribosome entry site
An internal ribosome entry site, abbreviated IRES, is an RNA element that allows for translation initiation in a cap-independent manner, as part of the greater process of protein synthesis. Initiation of eukaryotic translation nearly always occurs at and is dependent on the 5' cap of mRNA molecules, where the translation initiation complex forms and ribosomes engage the mRNA. IRES elements, however, allow ribosomes to engage the mRNA and begin translation independently of the 5' cap.
Birodi Chhoti, India
Birodi Chhoti (also known as Bidodi Chhoti or Beerodi Chhoti) is a village within the Laxmangarh administrative region of Sikar district, Rajasthan, India. Formerly known as Swami ki Birodi, the village is 250 years old and lies 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Laxmangarh and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of Nawalgarh. Bidodi chhoti (small) borders Khinwasar, Bidsar, Bidasar, Birodi Badi, Jhareva, Jogiyon ka bas, and Brahmino ki Dhani (Ramsingh Pura) and Malio Ki Dhani villages.

The 500 acres (2.0 km2) village has an overall population of about 1,430 of whom most are Jat ethnic group, while the main gotra of the village are Bhaskar, Godara, and Lodha. Other castes include Brahmin, and Harijan.

Bhoodha Ka Bas
Bhoodha Ka Bas is a village in the Laxmangarh administrative region of the Sikar district of Indian state Rajasthan.  Bhoodha Ka Bas village is separated from the Beerodi Bari village and situated in the north-east side of the Sikar district. Village is situated approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) east of Laxmangarh town and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Nawalgarh town.

There are in total 52 families residing in the village. The village has population of 317 of which 161 are males while 156 are females as per 2011 Census of India. Average Sex Ratio of the village is 969 which is higher than Rajasthan state average of 928.
Oregon Tourism Commission
The Oregon Tourism Commission, which does business as Travel Oregon, is a semi-independent agency of the government of Oregon based in the state capital of Salem. The agency is run by a nine-member board appointed by the state's governor, and governs several programs that work to grow the state economy by promoting tourism.

The agency was established in 1995 and became a semi-independent agency in 2003. It is funded by a 1.5% statewide transient lodging tax. Travel Oregon's former executive director's base salary of $365,000 faced scrutiny.

Bev Clarno
Beverly A. Clarno (born March 29, 1936) is an American politician who served as the 27th Oregon Secretary of State from 2019 to 2021. She was the only Republican statewide official in Oregon at the time. Clarno previously served as a member of the Oregon House of Representatives and Oregon State Senate. As of 2024, she is the most recent Republican to have held statewide office in Oregon.
1981 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1981 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 81st staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Tallow were the defending champions.

On 4 October 1981, Mount Sion won the championship after a 4–13 to 1–14 defeat of Dunhill in the final. This was their 25th championship title overall and their first title since 1975.

1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board.

Ballytruckle won the championship.
Hudiksvall
Hudiksvall (Swedish pronunciation: [hɵdɪksˈvalː]) is a city and the seat of Hudiksvall Municipality, in Hälsingland, Gävleborg County, Sweden with 16,792 inhabitants as of 2024. Hudiksvall is also known as Glada Hudik (English: Happy Hudik), a term that originated in the 19th century as word spread of its friendly hospitality and its lively social life. The city is located along the E4, on the east coast of Sweden deep inside the bay Hudiksvallsfjärden, about 80 km south of Sundsvall and about 130 km north of Gävle. Hudiksvall is one of Sweden's 80 largest urban area and also the largest urban area in Hälsingland. Around Hudiksvall within the municipality lay the communities of Delsbo, Iggesund, Enånger,  Njutånger, Näsviken and Sörforsa.

Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County (Swedish: Gävleborgs län) is a county or län on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders the counties of Uppsala, Västmanland, Dalarna, Jämtland, and Västernorrland. The capital is Gävle.
Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 400 metres T53
The T53 category is for wheelchair athletes with normal use of arms and hands, no or limited trunk function, and no leg function.

The Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 400 metres T53 event at the 2016 Paralympic Games took place on 11 September 2016, at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8 to 18 September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.
Ethyl sulfate
Ethyl sulfate (IUPAC name: ethyl hydrogen sulfate), also known as sulfovinic acid, is an organic chemical compound used as an intermediate in the production of ethanol from ethylene. It is the ethyl ester of sulfuric acid.

Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether (abbreviated as eth. or Et2O) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3CH2)2O, belonging to the ether class. It is a colourless, highly volatile, sweet-smelling (termed "ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It is a common solvent and was formerly used as a general anesthetic.