hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Military history of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
The military history of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms covers the period of Chinese history from the collapse of the Tang dynasty in 907 to the demise of Northern Han in 979. This period of Chinese history is noteworthy for the introduction of gunpowder weapons and as a transitional phase from the aristocratic imperial system to the Confucian bureaucracy which characterized the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties.

Wuyue
Wuyue (simplified Chinese: 吴越; traditional Chinese: 吳越; pinyin: Wúyuè; Wu Chinese pronunciation: [ŋu²³³.ɦyøʔ²³]) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history. It was ruled by the Qian clan of Haiyan (海鹽錢氏), whose family name remains widespread in the kingdom's former territory.
Stilaro
The Stilaro (in antiquity the Elleporus or possibly Elleporos; in Calabrian dialect Stilaru) is an Italian river, which runs through Bivongi, Pazzano and Stilo in the Province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria and, along with the river, gives its name to the Vallata dello Stilaro Allaro, the valley through which it flows. It is 59.17 km long.

Along the river there are remains of iron works, which arose with the industrialization of the area, mills and two hydroelectric plants.

In 389 BC, the Battle of the Elleporus was alongside the river.

Bivongi
Bivongi (Calabrian: Bivungi or Bigungi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria in the Stilaro Valley, at the feet of the Monte Consolino.

Attractions include the Cascata del Marmarico, a 114-metre (374 ft) high waterfall, and the Monastery of San Giovanni Theristis.
History of Muhajirs
Muhajir History or History of Muhajirs refers to the history and origins of the Muhajir people in Pakistan. Most Muhajirs migrated from what is now Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Rajasthan, Bihar, Gujarat, and West Bengal, and that results in close ties between the ethnic groups and histories.

Geographical distribution of Urdu speakers
Native speakers of Urdu are spread across South Asia. The vast majority of them are Muslims of the Hindi–Urdu Belt of northern India, followed by the Deccani people of the Deccan plateau in south-central India (who speak Deccani Urdu), and most of the Muhajir people (not all) of Pakistan and some stranded Pakistani communities in Bangladesh. The historical centres of Urdu speakers include Delhi and Lucknow.
Picada
Picada (Catalan pronunciation: [piˈkaðə]) is one of the characteristic sauces and culinary techniques essential to Catalan cuisine. The technique is typically found in Catalonia and Valencia and subsequently Catalan cuisine and Valencian cuisine. It is not an autonomous sauce like mayonnaise or romesco, but it is added as a seasoning during the cooking of a recipe.

Mayonnaise
Mayonnaise (/ˌmeɪəˈneɪz/), colloquially referred to as "mayo" (/ˈmeɪoʊ/), is a thick, creamy sauce with a rich and tangy taste that is commonly used on sandwiches, hamburgers, bound salads, and French fries. It also forms the base for various other sauces, such as tartar sauce, fry sauce, remoulade, salsa golf, ranch dressing, and rouille.

Mayonnaise is an emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and an acid, either vinegar or lemon juice; there are many variants using additional flavorings. The color varies from near-white to pale yellow, and its texture from a light cream to a thick gel.

Commercial eggless versions are made for those who avoid chicken eggs because of egg allergies, to limit dietary cholesterol, or because they adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet.
Super Art Fight
Super Art Fight is a live improvised art competition based in the Washington, D.C.-Baltimore area where artists compete for audience approval by sketching random topics on a mural-sized canvas. The event was birthed at Katsucon in 2008 and has grown to include a rotating roster of artists, a podcast, and online competitions. The main Super Art Fight style involves individual artists (or pairs) facing off in front of a live audience. Topics change throughout the match and the winner is determined by Clap-o-meter/Sound level meter.

As many of the participating artists are webcomic creators, the art is generally in a cartoon or comic style, sometimes with manga and other style influences. Pop culture references are common, as are mentions of memes, classic science fiction movies, and other geek/nerd mainstays. Since debuting in 2008, Super Art Fight has now put on over 100 shows at a wide variety of venues.

Johnny Wander
Johnny Wander is a former webcomic written by Ananth Hirsh and illustrated by Yuko Ota. It was published bi-weekly. In its earlier days, the comic generally focused on slice of life stories involving Ananth, Yuko, and their friends and family following graduation from college. However, the comic occasionally encompasses unrelated fantasy storylines.  The comic is currently focusing on one of its ongoing fictional storylines, "Barbarous." The name "Johnny Wander" is meant to evoke the creators' desire to use the comic to "wander" through whatever topics interest them at the moment.

The webcomic has been generally well-received, with reviewers calling it as a humorous and sweet comic that invites new readers to continue reading. The artwork has also been praised for its depth and quality. The first physical book collection "Johnny Wander Vol. 1: Don't Burn the House Down" was published in 2010.
Jon Maguire
Jon "MAGS" Maguire is a Welsh songwriter and record producer. He has appeared on over twenty UK top 40 records, including four number one albums. He is best known for writing "You Are The Reason" with Calum Scott, "Brother" with Kodaline and "Whistle" with Jax Jones.
Jon has written and produced for artists including Kodaline, Scouting For Girls, Christina Perri, Calum Scott, You Me At Six, Tiesto, Sam Feldt, Leona Lewis, Rita Ora, Jax Jones, Tom Chaplin, The Vamps,Lost Frequencies, Aloe Blacc and Armin van Buuren.

In November of 2022 Maguire announced on Instagram that Simon Cowell had acquired a catalogue of his songs.

Kodaline
Kodaline (/ˈkoʊdəlaɪn/) are an Irish rock band. Originally known as 21 Demands, the band adopted their current name in 2012 to coincide with the changing of their music. The group comprises Steve Garrigan, Vincent May, Mark Prendergast, and Jason Boland.

Garrigan and May grew up in Swords, County Dublin, and have known each other since childhood. May and Garrigan attended Colaiste Choilm CBS, Swords, where they participated in battles of the bands. Boland joined the group in 2012. They have released four albums: In a Perfect World (2013), Coming Up for Air (2015), and Politics of Living (2018). Their fourth album, One Day at a Time, was released on 12 June 2020. In October 2025, the band announced they would be disbanding after the release of a fifth and final album.
Parkway (ward)
Parkway was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Islington from 1965 to 1978. The ward was first used in the 1964 elections and last used for the 1974 elections. It returned three councillors to Islington London Borough Council. For elections to the Greater London Council, the ward was part of the Islington electoral division from 1965 and then the Islington North division from 1973.

Greater London Council
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area. The GLC was dissolved in 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985 and its powers were devolved to the London boroughs and other entities. A new administrative body, known as the Greater London Authority (GLA), was established in 2000.
Alto Velo Claim
The Alto Velo Claim, also referred to as the Alta Vela Affair, was a territorial claim against the Dominican government by American adventurers ejected from Alto Velo Island by Dominican officials in October 1860. In all, three companies claimed U.S. protection of their right to mine guano from the island under the Guano Islands Act of 1856, but the U.S. Department of State never recognized U.S. interests in the island.

Guano Islands Act
The Guano Islands Act (11 Stat. 119, enacted August 18, 1856, codified at 48 U.S.C. ch. 8 §§ 1411-1419) is a United States federal law passed by the Congress that enables citizens of the United States to take possession of unclaimed islands containing guano deposits in the name of the United States. The islands can be located anywhere, so long as they are not occupied by citizens of another country and not within the jurisdiction of another government. It also empowers the president  to use the military to protect such interests and establishes the criminal jurisdiction of the United States in these territories.
Homotopy extension property
In mathematics, in the area of algebraic topology, the homotopy extension property indicates which homotopies defined on a subspace can be extended to a homotopy defined on a larger space.  The homotopy extension property of cofibrations is dual to the homotopy lifting property that is used to define fibrations.

Fibration
The notion of a fibration generalizes the notion of a fiber bundle and plays an important role in algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics.

Fibrations are used, for example, in Postnikov systems or obstruction theory.

In this article, all mappings are continuous mappings between topological spaces.
Repentigny (provincial electoral district)
Repentigny (French pronunciation: [ʁəpɑ̃tiɲi] ⓘ) is a provincial electoral district in the Lanaudière region of Quebec, Canada, that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It consists of the municipality of Saint-Sulpice and part of the city of Repentigny.

It was created for the 2012 election from part of the L'Assomption electoral district.

Repentigny
Repentigny (French pronunciation: [ʁəpɑ̃tiɲi] ⓘ) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located north of the city on the lower end of the L'Assomption River, and on the Saint Lawrence River. Repentigny and Charlemagne were the first towns off the eastern tip of the Island of Montreal. Repentigny is part of the Lanaudière region.
Pilot hole
In construction, a pilot hole is a small hole drilled into a piece of construction material. Its purpose may be:

to guide a larger drill to the appropriate location and ease the job of the larger drill,

allow the insertion of another hole-making tool, such as a knockout punch, that will produce the final-sized hole, or

locate, guide, and provide clearance for a self-threading screw in wood or plastic to prevent damaging the material or breaking the screw.

Drilling
Drilling is a cutting process where a drill bit is spun to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work-piece and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute. This forces the cutting edge against the work-piece, cutting off chips (swarf) from the hole as it is drilled.

In rock drilling, the hole is usually not made through a circular cutting motion, though the bit is usually rotated. Instead, the hole is usually made by hammering a drill bit into the hole with quickly repeated short movements. The hammering action can be performed from outside the hole (top-hammer drill) or within the hole (down-the-hole drill, DTH). Drills used for horizontal drilling are called drifter drills.

In rare cases, specially-shaped bits are used to cut holes of non-circular cross-section; a square cross-section is possible.
Ugo Foscolo
Ugo Foscolo (Italian: [ˈuːɡo ˈfoskolo, fɔs-]; 6 February 1778 – 10 September 1827), born Niccolò Foscolo, was an Italian writer, revolutionary and poet.

He is remembered for his 1807 long poem Dei Sepolcri, for writing what is considered the first modern Italian novel, The Last Letters of Jacopo Ortis (1798), and the carmen The Graces (1812).

Sonnet
A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (lit. 'little song', from the Latin word sonus, lit. 'sound'). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.
Joseph, Count of Harcourt
Joseph de Lorraine (Anne Marie Joseph; 30 April 1679 – 29 April 1739) was a member of an ancient House of Lorraine and Count of Harcourt. He was styled Prince de Guise before becoming Count of Harcourt.

House of Lorraine
The House of Lorraine (German: Haus Lothringen) originated as a cadet branch of the House of Metz. It inherited the Duchy of Lorraine in 1473 after the death without a male heir of Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine. By the marriage of Francis of Lorraine to Maria Theresa of Austria in 1736, and with the success in the ensuing War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748), the House of Lorraine was joined to the House of Habsburg and became known as the House of Habsburg-Lorraine (German: Haus Habsburg-Lothringen). Francis, his sons Joseph II and Leopold II, and his grandson Francis II were the last four Holy Roman emperors from 1745 until the dissolution of the empire in 1806. The House of Habsburg-Lorraine inherited the Habsburg Empire, ruling the Austrian Empire and then Austria-Hungary until the dissolution of the monarchy in 1918.

Although its senior agnates are the dukes of Hohenberg, the house is currently headed by Karl von Habsburg (born 1961), grandson of the last emperor Charles I.
Duddenhoe End
Duddenhoe End is a village in the civil parish of Elmdon, in northwest Essex, England. It is situated approximately halfway between Royston and Saffron Walden. The village is nearest to Langley, Essex and Arkesden to its south.

Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden is a market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England, 12 miles (19 km) north of Bishop's Stortford, 15 miles (24 km) south of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of London. It retains a rural appearance and some buildings of the medieval period. As well as the town itself, the parish also includes Little Walden and Audley End. At the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 16,610, and the parish had a population of 17,022.
Kolokita Cove
Kolokita Cove (Bulgarian: залив Колокита, ‘Zaliv Kolokita’ \'za-liv ko-lo-'ki-ta\) is the 2.7 km wide embayment indenting for 1.55 km the northwest coast of Alexander Island in Antarctica. It is entered east of the coastal point formed by Hopkins Ridge and west of Piyanets Ridge, and has its head fed by Coulter Glacier. The feature is named after Kolokita Point on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Marta Zlatic
Marta Zlatic FRS (born 24 February 1977) is a Croatian neuroscientist who is group leader at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK. Her research investigates how neural circuits generate behaviour.

Sensory neuron
Sensory neurons, also known as afferent neurons, are in the nervous system which convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded receptor potentials. This process is called sensory transduction. The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord.

The sensory information travels on the  afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve, to the brain via the spinal cord. Spinal nerves transmit external sensations via sensory nerves to the brain through the spinal cord. The stimulus can come from exteroreceptors outside the body, or interoreceptors inside the body.
Glossary of anime and manga
The following is a glossary of terms that are specific to anime and manga. Anime includes animated series, films, and videos, while manga includes graphic novels, drawings, and related artwork.

Note: Japanese words that are used in general (e.g. oniisan, kawaii, and senpai) are not included on this list, unless a description with a reference for notability can be provided that shows how they relate.

Bumper (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, a commercial bumper, ident bumper, or break-bumper (often shortened to bump) is a brief announcement, usually two to fifteen seconds in length that can contain a voice over, placed between a pause in the program and its commercial break, and vice versa. The host, the program announcer, or a continuity announcer states the title (if any) of the presentation, the name of the program, and the broadcast or cable network, though not necessarily in that order. On children's television networks, they are sometimes called external eyecatches due to the resemblance of internal eyecatches in anime and there is usually no voice over, but some bumpers do feature one. Bumper music, often a recurring signature or theme music segment, is nearly always featured. Bumpers can vary from simple text to short films.
2000 World Ultimate & Guts Championships
The 2000 World Ultimate & Guts Championships was the 10th edition of the international ultimate frisbee competition organized by World Flying Disc Federation. They were held in Heilbronn, Germany, from 12 to 20 August 2000.

World Ultimate Championships
The World Ultimate Championships is an international ultimate frisbee competition organized by World Flying Disc Federation. It has been held every four years since 2000. Teams from across the world compete in three divisions: open, women's and mixed.
Meenakshipuram, Nagercoil
Meenakshipuram is a neighbourhood of Nagercoil, in Kanniyakumari district of Tamil Nadu state in the peninsular India. It is located at an altitude of 46 m above the mean sea level with the geographical coordinates of 8°10′57.4″N 77°26′08.6″E﻿ / ﻿8.182611°N 77.435722°E﻿ / 8.182611; 77.435722 (i.e., 8.182611°N, 77.435708°E). Nagercoil, Kottar, Vadiveeswaram, Vadasery, Edalakudy, Elankadai and Suchindram are some of the important neighbourhoods of Meenakshipuram. Historical Clock Tower is built in Meenakshipuram. State Express Transport Corporation has a Bus depot in Meenakshipuram. There is a Bus Terminus viz., Anna Bus Stand which is situated on Cape road.

Meenakshipuram area falls under the Nagercoil Assembly constituency. The winner of the election held in the year 2021 as the member of its assembly constituency is M. R. Gandhi. Also, this area belongs to Kanniyakumari Lok Sabha constituency. Vijay Vasanth won the 2019 elections, as the member of its Lok Sabha constituency.

Elankadai
Elankadai is a village about 3 km from the Nagercoil town in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located on the KanyaKumari State way via Manakkudy and about 18 km from the beach of Kanyakumari, 5 km from Chothavilai Beach and 10 km from Chankuthurai Beach. People following major Indian religion live in this area.
Dane Piedt
Dane Leeroy Piedt  (born 6 March 1990) is a South African cricketer. He played for the Cape Cobras. He made his Test cricket debut for South Africa against Zimbabwe in August 2014. In March 2020, Piedt announced his retirement from cricket in South Africa, and later moved to the United States. But in December 2023 he received a Test recall for the New Zealand series.

Mzansi Super League
The Mzansi Super League (MSL) was a Twenty20 cricket (T20) franchise league held in South Africa. The competition was established in 2018 by Cricket South Africa (CSA) as a replacement for the failed T20 Global League, but only two editions were played before the competition was itself canceled. The SA20 competition, first held in 2023, could be seen as a successor to the MSL.

The first edition of the tournament took place in November and December 2018. The South African Broadcasting Corporation broadcast all matches domestically on free-to-air channels.

The league consisted of six franchise teams representing different South African cities. Two editions were played under this format before changes were proposed to reflect the wide structural changes that were announced for South African domestic cricket in 2021, but the competition did not run in 2020 or 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was then cancelled.
Phenotypic disease network (PDN)
The first phenotypic disease network was constructed by Hidalgo et al. (2009) to help understand the origins of many diseases and the links between them. Hidalgo et al. (2009) defined diseases as specific sets of phenotypes that affect one or several physiological systems, and compiled data on pairwise comorbidity correlations for more than 10,000 diseases reconstructed from over 30 million medical records. Hidalgo et al. (2009) presented their data in the form of a network with diseases as the nodes and comorbidity correlations as the links. Intuitively, the phenotypic disease network (PDN) can be seen as a map of the phenotypic space whose structure can contribute to the understanding of disease progression.

Network theory
In mathematics, computer science, and network science, network theory is a part of graph theory. It defines networks as graphs where the vertices or edges possess attributes. Network theory analyses these networks over the symmetric relations or asymmetric relations between their (discrete) components.

Network theory has applications in many disciplines, including statistical physics, particle physics, computer science, electrical engineering, biology, archaeology, linguistics, economics, finance, operations research, climatology, ecology, public health, sociology, psychology, and neuroscience. Applications of network theory include logistical networks, the World Wide Web, Internet, gene regulatory networks, metabolic networks, social networks, epistemological networks, etc.; see List of network theory topics for more examples.

Euler's solution of the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem is considered to be the first true proof in the theory of networks.