hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph T. Taylor
Joseph Thomas Taylor (February 11, 1913 – September 23, 2000) was an American academic, educator and activist who was named dean of Indiana University at the downtown Indianapolis Campus on February 24, 1967. In 1972, he became the first dean of the newly created School of Liberal Arts at Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). He was married to Hertha Ward-Taylor and they had three children: deceased actor Meshach Taylor, Judith F. Taylor and Hussain Taylor.

Florida A&M University
Florida A&M University (FAMU), is a public historically black land-grant university in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. Founded in 1887, it is the third-largest historically black university in the US by enrollment and the only public historically black university in Florida. It is a member of the State University System of Florida and is accredited to award baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral degrees by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

Florida A&M sports teams are known as the Rattlers, and compete in Division I of the NCAA.  They are a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).
Braamfontein (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Braamfontein was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1915. It covered a part of Johannesburg's northern suburbs centred on the suburb of Braamfontein. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
1999 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 1999 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 112th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1999 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland. Meath, captained by Graham Geraghty, defeated Cork to claim the last All-Ireland SFC title of the Millennium.

This was the last All-Ireland SFC final to be held with the old Hogan Stand in place at Croke Park.

Seán Boylan
Seán Boylan (born 12 December 1949) is an Irish former Gaelic football manager from Dunboyne, County Meath. He retired from his position as manager of the senior Meath county team on the evening of 31 August 2005 after twenty-three years in charge. This was an inter-county managerial record with one team that was only surpassed in Gaelic games by Brian Cody in 2022, his 24th and last season as manager of the Kilkenny senior hurling team.

During his time with Meath, he managed the team to: the Centenary Cup; eight Leinster Senior Football Championship titles; four All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles (1987, 1988, 1996, 1999); three National Football League titles.

He also managed the Meath county hurling team, whom he also played with for 21 years. He managed Ireland in the 2006 and 2008 International Rules Series.

On 6 August 2020, a documentary called Seán, directed by Alan Bradley, aired on RTÉ about Boylan's life on and off the pitch.
SAKO
Sako Limited (natively Sako Oy) is a Finnish firearm and ammunition manufacturer located in Riihimäki, Kanta-Häme in southern Finland. It also has owned the Tikka brand of bolt-action rifles since 1983, and is now owned by the Italian firearm holding company Beretta Holding. The name Sako comes from the company's former name Suojeluskuntain Ase- ja Konepaja Oy (lit. 'Civil Guard Gun and Machining Works Ltd').

Stock (firearms)
A gunstock or often simply stock, the back portion of which is also known as a shoulder stock, a buttstock, or simply a butt, is a part of a long gun that provides structural support, to which the barrel, action, and firing mechanism are attached.  The stock also provides a means for the shooter to firmly brace the gun and easily aim with stability by being held against the user's shoulder when shooting the gun, and helps to counter muzzle rise by transmitting recoil straight into the shooter's body.

The tiller of a crossbow is functionally the equivalent of the stock on a gun.
Maronite Chronicle of 713
The Maronite Chronicle of 713 is an anonymous world chronicle that covers history from creation to the year AD 692–693. Originally written by Maronites in Syriac, it is known only from an Arabic translation found in a single manuscript from Saint Catherine's Monastery in Sinai. Although long noted in catalogues of Sinaitic manuscripts, its uniqueness as a historical source was only brought to light in 2024.

Aziz Suryal Atiya
Aziz Suryal Atiya (Arabic: عزيز سوريال عطية, Coptic: Ⲁⲍⲓⲍ Ⲥⲟⲩⲣⲓⲁⲗ Ⲁϯⲁ; July 5, 1898 – September 24, 1988) was an Egyptian Coptologist who was a Coptic historian and scholar and an expert in Islamic and Crusades studies.

Atiya was the founder of the Institute of Coptic Studies in Cairo in the 1950s, and was also the founder of the  Middle East Center, University of Utah.

His library, the Aziz Atiya Library for Middle East Studies at University of Utah, is considered the fifth largest of such collection in North America.

While at the University of Utah, Professor Atiya rediscovered ten lost papyri fragments related to the Mormon scripture, Book of Abraham, in the archives of the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Acta Senatus
Acta Senatus, or Commentarii Senatus, were minutes of the discussions and decisions of the Roman Senate. Before the first consulship of Julius Caesar (59 BC), minutes of the proceedings of the Senate were written and occasionally published, but unofficially; Caesar first ordered them to be recorded and issued authoritatively in the Acta Diurna. The keeping of them was continued by Augustus, but their publication was forbidden. A young senator (Latin: ab actis senatus) was chosen to draw up these acta, which were kept in the imperial archives and public libraries. Special permission from the city prefect was necessary in order to examine them.

Acta Diurna
Acta Diurna (Latin for Daily Acts, sometimes translated as Daily Public Records or as Daily Gazette) were daily Roman official notices, a sort of daily gazette. They were carved on stone or metal and presented in message boards in public places such as the Forum of Rome. They also were called simply Acta. In many ways, they functioned like an early newspaper for the Roman citizenry. The Acta were begun in 59 BC and continued until AD 222.
2017 U-18 Baseball World Cup
The 2017 U-18 Baseball World Cup or the XXVIII U-18 Baseball World Cup was an international baseball tournament held by the World Baseball Softball Confederation for players 18-year-old and younger. The 2017 edition was held in Thunder Bay, Ontario, from September 1–10, 2017.

U-18 Baseball World Cup
The U-18 Baseball World Cup is the 18-and-under baseball world championship sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and its successor, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and was first held in 1981 in the United States. Because it is a world championship, the results of the U-18 Baseball World Cup affect the WBSC World Rankings.

Several players who have participated in the U-18 Baseball World Cup have gone on to stardom at the professional level, including Japan's Yu Darvish, USA's Clayton Kershaw, Francisco Lindor and Buster Posey, and Cuba's Yasiel Puig and Aroldis Chapman, among many others.

Prior to 2010, the IBAF organized the World Junior Baseball Championship. The WBSC was created in 2013 when the IBAF merged with the International Softball Federation.
Mazur–Ulam theorem
In mathematics, the Mazur–Ulam theorem states that if  and  are normed spaces over R and the mapping

is a surjective isometry, then  is affine.  It was proved by Stanisław Mazur and Stanisław Ulam in response to a question raised by Stefan Banach.

For strictly convex spaces the result is true, and easy, even for isometries which are not necessarily surjective. In this case, for any  and   in , and for any  in , write 

and denote the closed ball of radius R around v by .  Then  is the unique element of , so, since  is injective,  is the unique element of

and therefore is equal to . Therefore  is an affine map.  This argument fails in the general case, because in a normed space which is not strictly convex two tangent balls may meet in some flat convex region of their boundary, not just a single point.

Strictly convex space
In mathematics, a strictly convex space is a normed vector space (X, || ||) for which the closed unit ball is a strictly convex set. Put another way, a strictly convex space is one for which, given any two distinct points x and y on the unit sphere ∂B (i.e. the boundary of the unit ball B of X), the segment joining x and y meets ∂B only at x and y.  Strict convexity is somewhere between an inner product space (all inner product spaces being strictly convex) and a general normed space in terms of structure. It also guarantees the uniqueness of a best approximation to an element in X (strictly convex) out of a convex subspace Y, provided that such an approximation exists.

If the normed space X is complete and satisfies the slightly stronger property of being uniformly convex (which implies strict convexity), then it is also reflexive by Milman–Pettis theorem.
Mōkihinui River
The Mōkihinui River is a river located on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, about 40 kilometres north of Westport. Meridian Energy had proposed the Mokihinui Hydro project on the river in 2007 but it was cancelled in May 2012. In 2019, it was announced that 64,400 ha (159,000 acres) of land in the Mōkihinui River catchment, including 15 km (9.3 mi) of river bed, would be added to Kahurangi National Park.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "large flax-stalk raft" for Mōkihinui. Since 2019 the official name of the river has been spelled with a macron.

Westport, New Zealand
Westport (Māori: Kawatiri) is the main town of the Buller District in the West Coast Region of the South Island of New Zealand. Established in 1861, it is the oldest European settlement on the West Coast. Originally named Buller, it is on the right bank and at the mouth of the Buller River, close to the prominent headland of Cape Foulwind. It is connected with Greymouth, 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the south, via State Highway 6, and with Nelson, 222 kilometres (138 mi) to the northeast, via the Buller Gorge. The Westport urban area has 4,600 residents, out of a Buller District population of 10,650, as of June 2025.
Independence Party (United States)
The Independence Party, established as the Independence League, was a short-lived minor American political party sponsored by newspaper publisher and politician William Randolph Hearst in 1906. The organization was the successor to the Municipal Ownership League under whose colors Hearst had run for Mayor of New York in 1905.

After its second-place finish in a race for Governor of Massachusetts in 1907, the party set its sights on the Presidency, and held a national convention to nominate a ticket in 1908. The party garnered only 83,000 votes nationally in the 1908 election and immediately dissolved as a national force.

The Independence League of New York continued to nominate candidates for office in New York state until the state election of 1914.

1905 New York City mayoral election
An election for Mayor of New York City was held on November 7, 1905.

Candidates included incumbent mayor George B. McClellan Jr., newspaper publisher, two-term U.S. Representative William Randolph Hearst, and reform advocate William Mills Ivins Sr.

McClellan was reelected with 37% of the vote.

There was evidence of electoral fraud against Hearst linked to the Tammany Hall machine, as well as violence and intimidation against Hearst poll watchers.
Ana María Nielsen
Ana María Nielsen Udrizard (born 11 April 1951) is a retired Argentine middle-distance and marathon runner. She won multiple medals at continental level. She also held several national records.

She is of Danish descent.

Athletics abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics.  In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, Track & Field News became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia.
Pigres of Halicarnassus
Pigres (Greek: Πίγρης), a native of Halicarnassus, either the brother or the son of the celebrated Artemisia, satrap of Caria. He is spoken of by the Suda as the author of the Margites and the Batrachomyomachia. The latter poem is also attributed to him by Plutarch and was probably his work. One of his feats was a very singular one, namely, inserting a pentameter line after each hexameter in the Iliad, thus: —

Μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος.

Μοῦσα· σὺ γὰρ πάσης πείρατ᾽ ἔχεις σοφίης.

Sing, goddess, of the ruinous wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus.

Muse, for you possess the means of all wisdom.

Bode believes that the Margites, though not composed by Pigres, suffered some alterations at his hands, and in that altered shape passed down to posterity. Some suppose that the iambic lines, which alternated with the hexameters in the Margites, were inserted by Pigres. He was the first poet, apparently, who introduced the iambic trimeter.

Artemisia I of Caria
Artemisia I of Caria (Ancient Greek: Ἀρτεμισία, transl. Ártemisía; fl. 480 BC) was a queen of the ancient Greek city-state of Halicarnassus, which is now in Bodrum, Turkey. She was also queen of the nearby islands of Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos, within the Achaemenid satrapy of Caria, in about 480 BC. She was of Carian-Greek ethnicity by her father Lygdamis I, and Greek Cretan by her mother. She fought as an ally of Xerxes I, King of Persia against the independent Greek city states during the second Persian invasion of Greece. She personally commanded ships at the naval battle of Artemisium and at the naval Battle of Salamis in 480 BC. She is mostly known through the writings of Herodotus, himself a native of Halicarnassus, who praises her courage and relates the respect in which she was held by Xerxes.
Joseph Twist
Joseph Edward Twist (born 1982) is an Australian composer from Gold Coast, Queensland, who resides in the United States.

Twist composed music for other artists including Moby, Missy Higgins, Guy Sebastian, Kate Miller-Heidke, The Idea of North, Chanticleer and The Wiggles and for television shows including Bluey. Twist also composed for films The Jungle Book (2016), Zoolander 2, Baywatch and The Brooklyn Banker. Twist works in a range of genres from ancient vocal music, opera, contemporary orchestral music, jazz, musical theatre and cabaret. Twist's concert works are performed by professional ensembles around the world. He worked in copying and orchestration on Hollywood studio films in Los Angeles with Steven Juliani Music.

Missy Higgins
Melissa Morrison "Missy" Higgins (born 19 August 1983) is an Australian singer-songwriter and musician. Her most popular singles include "Scar", "Steer", and "Where I Stood". Her Australian number-one albums are The Sound of White (2004), On a Clear Night (2007) and The Ol' Razzle Dazzle (2012). In 2018, she released a greatest hits album called The Special Ones.

Higgins was nominated for five ARIA Music Awards in 2004 and won Best Pop Release for "Scar". In 2005, she was nominated for seven more awards and won five. Nominated for many more, Higgins won her seventh ARIA in 2007 and two more in 2012, including Best Adult Contemporary Album for The Ol' Razzle Dazzle.

Alongside her music career, Higgins pursues interests in animal rights and the environment, endeavouring to make her tours carbon neutral. In 2009, she made her acting debut in the music feature film Bran Nue Dae and also performed on its soundtrack.
British and Intercolonial Exhibition
The British and Intercolonial Exhibition was a small world's fair held between 15 December 1923 and 2 February 1924
in Hokitika, West Coast, New Zealand to mark the opening of the Otira Tunnel and the diamond jubilee of Westland Province.

The patron of the fair was the Governor-general John Jellicoe and the vice-patron then-Prime Minister William Massey.

40,000 square feet were allocated for the exhibition.

Hokitika
Hokitika is a town in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Greymouth, and close to the mouth of the Hokitika River. It is the seat and largest town in the Westland District. The town's estimated population is 3,420 as of June 2025.

On a clear day Aoraki / Mount Cook can clearly be seen from Hokitika's main street.
Ron Hardy
Ron Hardy (May 8, 1958 – March 2, 1992) was an American, Chicago, Illinois-based DJ and record producer of early house music. He is well known for playing records at the Muzic Box, a Chicago house music club. Decades after his death, he is recognized for his innovative edits and mixes of disco, soul music, funk and early house music.

Theo Parrish
Theo Parrish (born 1972) is an American DJ and record producer based in Detroit, Michigan, and known for his genre-spanning DJ sets and unconventional house productions. He is an owner of the Sound Signature record label, and a member of the group 3 Chairs.
Schools of Islamic theology
Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding creed. The main schools of Islamic theology include the extant Mu'tazili, Ash'ari, Maturidi, and Athari schools; the extinct ones include the Qadari, Jahmi, Murji', and Batini schools.

The main schism between Sunni, Shia, and Khariji branches of Islam was initially more political than theological, but theological differences have developed over time throughout the history of Islam.

Qizilbash
Qizilbash or Kizilbash were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia, Kurdistan, the Armenian highlands, and the Caucasus from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty in early modern Iran.

By the 18th-century, anyone involved with the Safavid state—militarily, diplomatically, or administratively—came to be broadly referred to as "Qizilbash". It was eventually applied to some inhabitants of Iran. In the early 19th-century, Shia Muslims from Iran could be referred as "Qizilbash", thus highlighting the influence of the distinctive traits of the Safavids, despite the Iranian shah (king) Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834) simultaneously creating a Qajar dynastic identity grounded in the pre-Islamic past.
Myrica quercifolia
Myrica quercifolia is a species of shrub in the genus Myrica. It is endemic to the Cape Provinces and the North West of South Africa.  It is also known by the names oak waxberry and maagpynbossie (Afrikaans for stomach pain bush).

Myrica
Myrica /mɪˈraɪkə/ is a genus of about 35–50 species of small trees and shrubs in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales. The genus has a wide distribution, including Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America, and missing only from Antarctica and Oceania. Some botanists split the genus into two genera on the basis of the catkin and fruit structure, restricting Myrica to a few species, and treating the others in Morella.

Common names include bayberry, bay-rum tree, candleberry, sweet gale, and wax-myrtle. The generic name was derived from the Greek word μυρίκη (myrike), meaning "fragrance".
1461 Jean-Jacques
1461 Jean-Jacques, provisional designation 1937 YL, is a metallic asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 34 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 December 1937, by French astronomer Marguerite Laugier at Nice Observatory in southern France, who named it after her son Jean-Jacques Laugier.

Marguerite Laugier
Marguerite Laugier (née Lhomme) (12 September 1896 – 10 June 1976) was a French astronomer active at the Nice Observatory from the 1930s to the 1950s. Contemporary astronomical articles refer to her as "Madame Laugier".

The Minor Planet Center credits her with the discovery of 21 numbered asteroids, made between 1932 and 1955.

Marguerite Laugier maintained international correspondence with professional and amateur astronomers, which is reflected in the various asteroid names attributed to her contacts.

In 1939, she was awarded the Lalande Prize for her work.

The outer main-belt asteroid 1597 Laugier, discovered by Louis Boyer at Algiers in 1949, is named in her honor (M.P.C. 4418).

Note: She is not to be confused with a male "M. Laugier" in 19th century literature, where the M. stands for "Monsieur". This refers to Paul Auguste Ernest Laugier (1812–1872).
(175113) 2004 PF115
(175113) 2004 PF115 (provisional designation 2004 PF115) is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO). It was discovered in 2006 by M. Brown, C. Trujillo, and D. Rabinowitz. The object is classified as a possible plutino.

Chad Trujillo
Chadwick A. Trujillo (born November 22, 1973) is an American astronomer, discoverer of minor planets and the co-discoverer of Eris, the most massive dwarf planet known in the Solar System.

Trujillo works with computer software and has examined the orbits of the numerous trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), which is the outer area of the Solar System that he specialized in. Trujillo, along with Michael Brown and David Rabinowitz, discovered Eris in 2003. As a result of the discovery of the satellite Dysnomia, Eris was the first TNO known to be more massive than Pluto.
2008 PBA draft
The 2008 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event at which teams drafted players from the amateur ranks. The event was held at Market! Market! in Taguig on August 31, 2008. The Rain or Shine Elasto Painters (formerly known as the Welcoat Dragons) selected Gabe Norwood of the George Mason University as the number one draft pick. Players applied for the draft had undergone a two-day rookie camp.

Philippine Basketball Association draft
The Philippine Basketball Association draft is an annual Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) event dating back to 1985 in which the league's teams can draft eligible prospects seeking to join the league. Each team has one draft pick per round to select players and the draft lasts for as many rounds as needed until all teams have passed their selection.

The draft usually takes place between October and December, during the league's off-season. During the early to mid-2020s, due to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the league's schedule, the draft is scheduled towards the earlier or middle part of the year. No player may sign with any PBA team until he has been eligible for at least one draft.