hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
African-American representation in Hollywood
The presence of African Americans in major motion picture roles has stirred controversy and been limited dating back decades due to lingering racism following slavery and segregation. "Through most of the 20th century, images of African-Americans in advertising were mainly limited to servants like the pancake-mammy Aunt Jemima and Rastus, the chef on the Cream of Wheat box." While African-American representation in the film industry has improved over the years, it has not been a linear process; "Race in American cinema has rarely been a matter of simple step-by-step progress. It has more often proceeded in fits and starts, with backlashes coming on the heels of breakthroughs, and periods of intense argument followed by uncomfortable silence."

Academy Award for Best Picture
The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards (also known as Oscars) presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category in which every member of the Academy is eligible to submit a nomination and vote on the final ballot. The Best Picture category is traditionally the final award of the night and is widely considered the most prestigious honor of the ceremony.

The Grand Staircase columns at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, where the Academy Awards ceremonies have been held since 2002, showcase every film that has won the Best Picture title since the award's inception. There have been 621 films nominated for Best Picture and 97 winners.
Nuala Nic Con Iomaire
Nuala Nic Con Iomaire (died 16 July 2010) was an Irish playwright, producer, translator, artist and poet.

A native of An Cheathrú Rua Connemara, County Galway, Nic Con Iomaire was a daughter of Liam and Bairbre Mac Con Iomaire. She was married to Pádraic Harvey, with whom she had a daughter, Iseult.

Nic Con Iomaire wrote two plays, An tUisceadán (Andrews Lane Theatre), and Páid (a radio play). Best known as a producer, she also worked as arts officer with An Béal Binn, a theatre company and a singing club in Bray, Co. Wicklow.

Liam Mac Con Iomaire
Liam Mac Con Iomaire (1937, Casla, County Galway – 5 May 2019) was a highly respected Irish writer, journalist and broadcaster.

He was a newsreader on RTÉ. He was author of a number of books and some translations, mainly concerning Connemara, as well as landmark Irish language biographies of Breandán Ó hEithir and Seosamh Ó hÉanaí. He was the father of musician, Colm Mac Con Iomaire.

Liam Mac Con Iomaire and Tim Robinson won the 2016 Lois Roth Award for a Translation of a Literary Work for Graveyard Clay / Cré na Cille: A Narrative in Ten Interludes, by Máirtín Ó Cadhain (Yale University Press, 2016).
Results breakdown of the 1994 European Parliament election in Spain
This is the results breakdown of the election to the European Parliament held in Spain on 12 June 1994. The following tables show detailed results in each of the country's 17 autonomous communities and in the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

1994 European Parliament election in Spain
An election was held in Spain on Sunday, 12 June 1994, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 4th European Parliament. All 64 seats allocated to the Spanish constituency as per the 1993 Council Decision amending the Direct Elections Act were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in Andalusia.

The election was held against the backdrop of the early 1990s recession and a string of corruption scandals affecting the ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) of Prime Minister Felipe González. The most recent involved former Civil Guard director Luis Roldán, who had fled the country in early 1994 when it was discovered that he had used his office to amass a fortune through fraudulent means, resulting in the resignation of interior minister Antoni Asunción in the month leading to the election. The People's Party (PP) won in a landslide victory, the first PP win over the PSOE in a nationwide election.
MPR/DPR/DPD building
The Parliamentary Complex of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kompleks Parlemen Republik Indonesia), also known as the MPR/DPR/DPD Building, is the seat of government for the Indonesian legislative branch of government, which consists of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the House of Representatives (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD).

Regional Representative Council
The Regional Representative Council (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, DPD; alternatively translatable as the House of Regions or the House of Regional Representatives or the Senate of Indonesia), is one of two parliamentary chambers in Indonesia. Together with the House of Representatives (DPR), it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR). Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advice on bills to the DPR. Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power. Its members are referred to as senators on the official DPD X page.
Kapel, Gelderland
Kapel is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Lingewaard, about 1 km north of the town of Gendt.

It was first mentioned in 1840 as Capel, and means chapel, i.e. church without an independent parish. Kapel is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Gendt. In 1840, it was home to 206 people. Nowadays, it consists of about 45 houses.

Lingewaard
Lingewaard (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌlɪŋəˈʋaːrt] ⓘ) is a municipality in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in the province of Gelderland, in the most eastern part of the Betuwe. The municipality is situated in the lowlands between the major cities of Arnhem and Nijmegen, where many inhabitants work. Since 2021 it has been part of the Arnhem-Nijmegen Green Metropolitan Region (Dutch: Groene Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen), which aids planning and development in the region's eighteen municipalities.
Franklin Library (Minneapolis)
Franklin Library is a public library on Franklin Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota.  The library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the chief librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936.  The library housed the largest collection of Scandinavian books, newspapers, and magazines within the system, which reflected the population living in the area.  The library was funded by the Carnegie Corporation and designed by Edward Lippincott Tilton, a New York City architect.

Gratia Countryman
Gratia Alta Countryman (pronounced gray-sha) (November 29, 1866 – July 26, 1953) was a nationally-known librarian who led the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936. She was the daughter of immigrant farmers Alta and Levi Countryman. She pioneered many ways to make the library more accessible and user-friendly to all of the city's residents, regardless of age or economic position. Countryman was called the "first lady of Minneapolis" and the "Jane Addams of the libraries".
Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Featherweight
The men's featherweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1960 Summer Olympics.  The weight class allowed boxers of up to 57 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 26 August to 5 September 1960. 31 boxers from 31 nations competed.

Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Italy dominated boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics, winning three gold medals and seven medals overall. Two of the gold medalists would later become Hall of Fame world champions in professional boxing: American Cassius Clay (later known as Muhammad Ali) and Italian Nino Benvenuti.
CCR and CAR algebras
In mathematics and physics CCR algebras (after canonical commutation relations) and CAR algebras (after canonical anticommutation relations) arise from the quantum mechanical study of bosons and fermions, respectively. They play a prominent role in quantum statistical mechanics and quantum field theory.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Glossary of artificial intelligence
This glossary of artificial intelligence is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to the study of artificial intelligence (AI), its subdisciplines, and related fields. Related glossaries include Glossary of computer science, Glossary of robotics, Glossary of machine vision, and Glossary of logic.

Frame (artificial intelligence)
Frames are an artificial intelligence data structure used to divide knowledge into substructures by representing "stereotyped situations".

They were proposed by Marvin Minsky in his 1974 article "A Framework for Representing Knowledge". Frames are the primary data structure used in artificial intelligence frame languages; they are stored as ontologies of sets.

Frames are also an extensive part of knowledge representation and reasoning schemes. They were originally derived from semantic networks and are therefore part of structure-based knowledge representations.

According to Russell and Norvig's Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, structural representations assemble "facts about particular object and event types and [arrange] the types into a large taxonomic hierarchy analogous to a biological taxonomy".
Señorita Panamá 2024
Señorita Panamá 2024 was the 58th edition of the Señorita Panamá pageant, held at the Figali Convention Center in Panama City, Panama, on August 3, 2024. This was the first selection of the renewed Señorita Panama pageant, under the direction of Cesar Anel Rodríguez, who took charge of the national event after acquired the franchise in 2024.

Miss Panamá 2023 Natasha Vargas of Los Santos crowned Italy Mora of Riviera del Canal as her successor at the end of the event.

Italy Mora was unable to represent Panama at Miss Universe 2024 because she was disqualified by the Miss Universe Organization.

On April 22, 2025, the Señorita Panamá Organization announced Mirna Caballini Bouche from Chiriquí as the new Miss Universe Panama 2024 and will represent the country in the Miss Universe 2025, scheduled to be held at the Impact Challenger in Pak Kret, Thailand, on 21 November 2025.

Señorita Panamá
The Señorita Panamá is a national beauty pageant in Panama. As of the 2024 edition, Señorita Panamá winners represent Panamá in Miss Universe. The Miss Panama brand started in 1952, when the Panamanian Institute of Tourism received an invitation from Miss Universe to send a representative. In 1975, the Señorita Panamá name was used for the first time, reverting to Miss Panama in 1976.  In 1982, Señorita Panamá was created by RPC Channel 4 as an alternative to send its winners to the Miss World contest in London. These pageants, along with smaller pageants such as Miss International Panamá and Miss World Panamá celebrated to select delegates for international representations.
Philippine Army Lady Troopers
The Philippine Army Lady Troopers represents the Philippine Army in women's volleyball competitions. The team previously competed in the Shakey's V-League/Premier Volleyball League as well as the Philippine Super Liga.

2018 Philippine Super Liga Invitational Cup
The 2018 Philippine Super Liga Invitational Cup (also known as the 2018 Chooks-to-Go Philippine Super Liga Invitational Cup due to sponsorship reasons) was the 14th indoor volleyball conference of the Philippine Super Liga, the third conference of the 2018 season, and the 18th conference overall. The tournament commenced on June 23, 2018 at the Smart Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City. As with the 2017 Invitational, the tournament used an all-to-play format to give playing time for every player in each team.
Brian Garfield
Brian Francis Wynne Garfield (January 26, 1939 – December 29, 2018) was an Edgar Award-winning American novelist, historian and screenwriter. A Pulitzer Prize finalist, he wrote his first published book at the age of eighteen. Garfield went on to author more than seventy books across a variety of genres, selling more than twenty million copies worldwide. Nineteen were made into films or TV shows. He is best known for Death Wish (1972), which launched a lucrative franchise when it was adapted into the 1974 film of the same title.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Adenium obesum
Adenium obesum, more commonly known as a desert rose, is a poisonous species of flowering plant belonging to the tribe Nerieae of the subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. It is native to the Sahel regions south of the Sahara (from Mauritania and Senegal to Sudan), tropical and subtropical eastern and southern Africa, as well as the Arabian Peninsula. Other names for the flower include Sabi star, kudu, mock azalea, and impala lily. Adenium obesum is a popular houseplant and bonsai in temperate regions.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
Air Force Station Salua
Air Force Station Salua is an Indian Air Force Station located in Kharagpur, located in the Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal. It lies on the State Highway 5 at a distance of 7 km from IIT Kharagpur.

IIT Kharagpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur or IIT KGP) is a public institute of technology, research university, and autonomous institute established by the Government of India in Kharagpur, West Bengal. Founded in 1951, the institute is the first of the IITs to be established and is recognized as an Institute of National Importance. In 2019 it was awarded the status of Institute of Eminence by the Government of India.

The institute was initially established to train engineers after India attained independence in 1947. However, over the years, the institute's academic capabilities diversified with offerings in Science, management, law, architecture, humanities, medicine, etc. The institute has an 8.7-square-kilometre (2,100-acre) campus and has about 22,000 residents.
Broadford, Pennsylvania
Broadford, or Broad Ford, is an unincorporated community in Connellsville Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, southeast of Pittsburgh in the United States. Broadford is on the Youghiogheny River downstream from Connellsville. Galley Run, a tributary to the Youghiogheny River, joins here.

Connellsville, Pennsylvania
Connellsville is a city in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States, 36 miles (58 km) southeast of Pittsburgh and 50 miles (80 km) away via the Youghiogheny River, a tributary of the Monongahela River. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The population was 7,031 at the 2020 census.
Bombay Backbay railway station
Bombay Backbay railway station was a railway station of the erstwhile BB&CI Railway (today's Western Railway), located in Bombay Backbay in Mumbai. It was the starting point of the first regular local train service of the BB&CI Railway. It started on 12 April 1867, between the Station and Viraur (Virar).

Vasai Road railway station
Vasai Road Junction (station code: BSR) is a railway station on the Western line and Vasai Road–Roha line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network, in India.

Vasai is a historical suburban town north of Mumbai located in Palghar district. It is a much modern part of Vasai Taluka and part of the new Vasai-Virar city.
Screaming cicada
The screaming cicada, or Maoricicada cassiope, is a species of cicada that is endemic to New Zealand. This species was first described by George Hudson in 1891. Maoricicada cassiope can be found in mountainous regions of the North and upper South Island.

John S. Dugdale
John Stewart Dugdale (5 April 1934 – 4 September 2020) was a New Zealand entomologist known for his contributions to knowledge about New Zealand lepidoptera, as well as tachinid flies and cicadas. He published extensively and his 1988 publication on New Zealand moths and butterflies, Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa, is still regarded as a landmark publication as it updated the classification of New Zealand Lepidoptera species known at that point in time. He has had two genera and numerous species named in his honour.
Vreeland
Vreeland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvreːlɑnt]) is a village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It was a part of the former municipality of Loenen. Since 2011 it has been part of the new formed municipality of Stichtse Vecht. It is located on the river Vecht, about 2 km north of Loenen aan de Vecht. It received city rights in 1265. In 2015, the village celebrates the 650th year of its foundation.

Vreeland is on the provincial road Vinkeveen-Hilversum (N201). Until 1964, Vreeland was a separate municipality.

In 2001, the village of Vreeland had 1339 inhabitants. The built-up area of the village was 0.30 km2, and contained 557 residences.
The statistical area "Vreeland", which also can include the peripheral parts of the village, as well as the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 1600.

City rights in the Low Countries
City rights are a feature of the medieval history of the Low Countries, and, more generally, the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. A liege lord, usually a count, duke or similar member of the high nobility, granted to a town or village he owned certain town privileges that places without city rights did not have.

In Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, a town, often proudly, calls itself a city if it obtained a complete package of city rights at some point in its history. Its current population is not relevant, so there are some very small cities. The smallest is Staverden in the Netherlands, with 40 inhabitants. In Belgium, Durbuy is the smallest city, whilst the smallest in Luxembourg is Vianden.
TPG Tour
The TPG Tour (Tour de Profesionales de Golf) is the principal professional golf tour in Argentina. The tour was formed in 2007, following disputes within the PGA of Argentina, who had operated the main professional tour in the country in previous years.

The tour operated exclusively in Argentina in its inaugural season, but this changed in 2008 with the inclusion of the Carlos Franco Invitational, held in Paraguay. There were seventeen events in 2007 and sixteen in 2008, including the flagship Argentine Open and Argentine Masters, as well as the major regional opens, the South Open, Center Open, North Open and Coast Open.

The TPG Tour developed a close relationship with the higher level Tour de las Américas, with several events being co-sanctioned, which resulted in increased prize funds and stronger fields. Through the Tour de las Américas, some events were also co-sanctioned by the Challenge Tour and the Canadian Tour.

PGA Tour Canada
PGA Tour Canada, commonly referred to as the Canadian Tour, was a men's professional golf tour headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. The United States–based PGA Tour took over operation of the tour on November 1, 2012, at which time it was renamed PGA Tour Canada. In 2015, Mackenzie Investments became the umbrella sponsor of the tour, branding it as the Mackenzie Tour-PGA Tour Canada.

PGA Tour Canada used to be one of three international PGA Tour-sanctioned tours, along with PGA Tour Latinoamérica and PGA Tour China (all now defunct). These tours provided access to the Korn Ferry Tour and are part of the path to the PGA Tour.

In April 2023, the PGA Tour announced that the 2023 PGA Tour Canada season would be the last, as from 2024 the tour would merge with PGA Tour Latinoamérica, creating PGA Tour Americas.
Kuraishia
Kuraishia is a genus of two species of ascomycetous yeasts in the family Pichiaceae. The type species Kuraishia capsulata was originally described as a member of Hansenula (now Pichia) in 1953.

The genus name of Kuraishia is in honour of Hiroshi Kuraishi, Japanese (Micro-)Biologist (Mycology and Lichenology), from the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.

K. molischiana was described as new to science in 2004. The complete genome sequence of K. capsulata was reported in 2013. K. capsulata produces extracellular exopolysahharide, phosphomannan, as an external phosphorus reserve.

Pichiaceae
The Pichiaceae are a family of yeasts in the order Saccharomycetales. According to the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota, the family contains four genera, but GBIF lists 15 genera. The family was named by Zender in 1925.
Granarolo dell'Emilia
Granarolo dell'Emilia (Bolognese: Granarôl) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northeast of Bologna. It has about 12,000 inhabitants.

Granarolo dell'Emilia borders the following municipalities: Bentivoglio, Bologna, Budrio, Castel Maggiore, Castenaso, Minerbio.

Dynit, a manga and anime publisher, has its head office in the frazione of Cadriano.

Castenaso
Castenaso (Bolognese: Castnès; Latin: Castrum Nasicae) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It is located around 12 kilometres (7 miles) away from Bologna, the capital of Emilia Romagna.
1955 World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships
The 1955 World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships was the second edition of the championships and was held in Essen, West Germany, from 30 August to 5 September 1955.

In the men's competition the title was won by East Germany in the team competition and by Eberhard Luther (East Germany) in the individual event. In the women's competition the title was won by East Germany in the team competition and by Francka Erjavec (Yugoslavia) in the individual event.
Czechoslovakia entered its first championship and earned a bronze medal in the men's team event.

World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships
The World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships were a biennial nine-pin bowling competition organized by the World Ninepin Bowling Association. The World Championships was started in 1953 and took place every two years until 1959. The next competition was in 1962 with the assumption of alternating with the European Championships every two years. In 1966, this concept was abandoned and thereafter the championships were biennial until 2004.

Since 2005, the competition has been divided. Team events are held in odd years, while singles events are in even years.

The following list shows when new events were added for the first time:

1953, singles and team events as first events.

1966, pair competitions were added.

1990, combination competitions were added.

1994, separation of team competition into two divisions A and B.

2004, sprint and mixed tandem competitions added. An individual event on a distance of 120 throws for the first time.