hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Perham
Richard Nelson Perham, FRS, FMedSci, FRSA (27 April 1937 – 14 February 2015), was Professor of biochemistry at the University of Cambridge, and Master of St John's College, Cambridge 2004–07. He was also editor-in-chief of FEBS Journal (Federation of European Biochemical Societies) from 1998 to 2013.

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
Rodalben
Rodalben (German: [ˈʁoːtˌʔalbm̩] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Palatinate forest, approx. 5 km northeast of Pirmasens.

Rodalben is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Rodalben. Having a population above 7000 it is the largest local authority district.

Südwestpfalz
Südwestpfalz (pronounced [zyːtˈvɛstˌpfalts], lit. 'Southwest Palatinate') is a district (Kreis or more precise Landkreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Saarpfalz, the district-free city Zweibrücken, the districts Kaiserslautern and Bad Dürkheim, the district-free city Landau  (the Taubensuhl/Fassendeich forest part of the city), Südliche Weinstraße, and the French département Bas-Rhin. The district-free city Pirmasens is surrounded by the district.
Integrated nanoliter system
The integrated nanoliter system is a measuring, separating, and mixing device that is able to measure fluids to the nanoliter, mix different fluids for a specific product, and separate a solution into simpler solutions.

All features of the integrated nanoliter system are specifically designed for controlling very small volumes of liquid (referred as microfluidic solutions). The integrated nanoliter system's scalability depends on what type of processing method the system is based on (refer as technology platform) with each processing method having its advantages and disadvantages. Possible uses for the integrated nanoliter system are in controlling biological fluids (refer as synthetic biology) and accurately detecting changes in cells for genetic purposes (such as single-cell gene expression analysis) where the smaller scale directly influences the result and accuracy.

Flow network
In graph theory, a flow network (also known as a transportation network) is a directed graph where each edge has a capacity and each edge receives a flow. The amount of flow on an edge cannot exceed the capacity of the edge. Often in operations research, a directed graph is called a network, the vertices are called nodes and the edges are called arcs.  A flow must satisfy the restriction that the amount of flow into a node equals the amount of flow out of it, unless it is a source, which has only outgoing flow, or sink, which has only incoming flow. A flow network can be used to model traffic in a computer network, circulation with demands, fluids in pipes, currents in an electrical circuit, or anything similar in which something travels through a network of nodes. As such, efficient algorithms for solving network flows can also be applied to solve problems that can be reduced to a flow network, including survey design, airline scheduling, image segmentation, and the matching problem.
Olds-Robb Recreation-Intramural Complex
The Olds-Robb Recreation-Intramural Complex is Eastern Michigan University's recreation center. The Olds-Robb Rec/IM encompasses several buildings on campus. The Olds-Robb Student Recreation/Intramural Complex (commonly called "the Rec/IM"), which opened in 1982, contains an indoor track, two weight rooms, and a whirlpool, as well as Jones Natatorium, Big Bob's Lake House (used by many student organizations for events, near the center of campus on university park) and a picnic area between the Rec/IM building and Downing Hall. The Rec/IM is also attached to Bowen Field House.

Bowen Field House
Bowen Field House is a 6,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Ypsilanti, Michigan on the Eastern Michigan University campus.  It opened in 1955 and was home to the Eastern Michigan Eagles men's and women's basketball teams until the Convocation Center opened in 1997. It currently serves as the home of Eastern Michigan Eagles track and field, Eastern Michigan Eagles wrestling, and Eastern Michigan Eagles gymnastics.
The Mighty Redcar
The Mighty Redcar is a 2018 British documentary series first aired on BBC Two. Marketed by the BBC as a "real-life soap opera", the four part series focuses on young people from the town of Redcar and nearby Grangetown, an area with high unemployment following the 2015 closure of SSI Redcar steelworks. The show was praised for its portrayal of the area and for avoiding the "poverty porn" stereotypes associated with similar documentaries.

Grangetown, North Yorkshire
Grangetown is an area in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire, England. The area is 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Middlesbrough and 4 miles (6.4 km) south-west of Redcar.

It is part of Greater Eston, which includes the area and the other centres of Eston, Normanby, South Bank, Teesville and part of Ormesby.
Węgrzynowice-Modrzewie
Węgrzynowice-Modrzewie (Polish pronunciation: [vɛŋɡʐɨnɔˈvit͡sɛ mɔdˈʐɛvjɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Budziszewice, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Budziszewice, 23 km (14 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Budziszewice, Łódź Voivodeship
Budziszewice [bud͡ʑiʂɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Budziszewice. It lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 35 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Bogomil Cove
Bogomil Cove (Bulgarian: залив Богомил, romanized: zaliv Bogomil, IPA: [ˈzaliv boɡoˈmiɫ]) is a 970 m wide cove indenting for 770 m the west coast of Rugged Island off the west coast of Byers Peninsula of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is entered north of Kokalyane Point and south of Ugain Point.

The cove is named after the Bulgarian religious reformer Pop (Priest) Bogomil (10th Century AD).

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Lake Cholila
Lake Cholila (Lago Cholila) is a lake in Chubut Province, Argentina. It is the uppermost of several large lakes in the country's Futaleufú River system that, via Yelcho Lake and the Yelcho River, flow into the Pacific Ocean in Chile. The lake is of glacial origin and occupies a narrow east to west valley between glaciated peaks of the Andes.

Futaleufú River
43°25′S 72°05′W﻿ / ﻿43.41°S 72.09°W﻿ / -43.41; -72.09

The Futaleufú River, located in northern Patagonia, is one of two rivers that cross the 5,308 kilometres (3,298 mi) Argentina–Chile border. Its headwaters can be found in the glacial snow melt of the UNESCO protected Los Alerces National Park in Argentina. The river gorge drops as low as 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) below the surrounding glaciated peaks. The name Futaleufú is an indigenous Mapuche word meaning "Big River". Locals refer to the valley as "un paisaje pintado por Dios" — a landscape painted by God.
Tamás Péchy
Tamás Péchy de Pécsújfalu (6 December 1828 – 17 September 1897) was a Hungarian nobleman and politician, who served as Minister of Public Works and Transport (1875–1880) and as Speaker of the House of Representatives (1880–1892). He also functioned as Inspector of the Lutheran Diocese of Tisza from 1876 to 1897.

Minister of Public Works and Transport (Hungary)
The minister of public works and transport of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország közmunka- és közlekedésügyi minisztere) was a member of the Hungarian cabinet from 1848 until 1889, when the ministry was merged into the Ministry of Trade. The last minister was Gábor Baross.
26th New York State Legislature
The 26th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 25 to April 6, 1803, during the 2nd year of George Clinton's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

Steuben County, New York
Steuben County (/ˈstjuːbən/ STEW-bən or /stjuːˈbɛn/ stew-BEN) is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, its population was 93,584. Its county seat is Bath. Its name is in honor of Baron von Steuben, a Prussian general who fought on the American side in the American Revolutionary War, though it is not pronounced the same (German: [fɔn ˈʃtɔʏbn̩]). The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Steuben County comprises the Corning, NY micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY combined statistical area.
1981–82 Pepperdine Waves men's basketball team
The 1981–82 Pepperdine Waves men's basketball team represented Pepperdine University in the 1981–82 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Jim Harrick. The Waves played their home games at the Firestone Fieldhouse and were members of the West Coast Athletic Conference. They finished the season 22–7, 14–0 in WCAC play to win the regular season conference title to receive an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. In the opening round, the Waves beat Pittsburgh before falling to Oregon State, 70–51, in the second round.

Jim Harrick
James Richard Harrick (born July 25, 1938) is an American former basketball coach. He was the head coach at UCLA, Pepperdine University, the University of Rhode Island, and the University of Georgia over a combined total of 23 seasons. During the 1994–1995 season, he led UCLA to a 31–1
record and the school's eleventh national championship, its first since the 1974–75 season.
Concord Prison Experiment
The Concord Prison Experiment, conducted from 1961 to 1963, was designed to evaluate whether the experiences produced by the psychoactive drug psilocybin, derived from psilocybin mushrooms, combined with psychotherapy, could inspire prisoners to leave their antisocial lifestyles behind once they were released. The efficacy was to be judged by comparing the recidivism rate of subjects who received psilocybin with the average for other Concord inmates.

Psilocybin mushroom
Psilocybin mushrooms, or psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms or as shrooms, are a type of hallucinogenic mushroom and a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain the prodrug psilocybin, which turns into the psychedelic psilocin upon ingestion. The most potent species are members of genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. cyanescens, but psilocybin has also been isolated from approximately a dozen other genera, including Panaeolus (including Copelandia), Inocybe, Pluteus, Gymnopilus, and Pholiotina.

Amongst other cultural applications, psilocybin mushrooms are used as recreational drugs. Psilocybin mushrooms were used ritualistically in pre-Columbian Mexico, but evidence of more widespread ancient use is limited.
CS Auxerre Lugoj
Clubul Sportiv Auxerre Lugoj, commonly known as Auxerre Lugoj, was a Romanian football club based in Lugoj, Timiș County, founded in 2002 and dissolved in 2009. The club last played in the third league in the 2007–08 Liga III season.

Liga IV Mehedinți
Liga IV Mehedinți is the county football division of Liga IV for clubs based in Mehedinți County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Mehedinți – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Mehedinți, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.
1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Initial Pool B
Initial Group B of the 1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of six pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group I of the 1998 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition with the team coming first advancing to Placement Pool A, the team coming second going to Placement Pool B, and the team coming last falling to Placement Pool C.

1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Placement Pool B
Placement Group B of the 1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of six pools in the Americas Zone Group I of the 1998 Fed Cup. The three teams that placed first in the initial pools competed in a round robin competition, with the top team advancing to the World Group II Play-offs.
1860s in association football
The following are events in the 1860s decade which are relevant to the development of association football. Included are events in closely related codes, such as the Sheffield Rules. All events happened in English football unless specified otherwise.

There was constant discussion about the rules throughout this decade and several codes were in use. The Football Association (the FA) was founded in 1863 and its rules eventually prevailed. Points at issue among the various associations included offside, the throw-in, the corner kick, the crossbar and the now-obsolete touch down. Among the clubs founded in the 1860s were Notts County, Nottingham Forest, Queen's Park FC, Sheffield Wednesday, Stoke City and Kilmarnock.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
Woodside (Croydon ward)
Woodside is an electoral ward in the London Borough of Croydon. The ward has existed since the creation of the borough on 1 April 1965 and was first used in the 1964 elections. It returns councillors to Croydon London Borough Council. The ward covers the Woodside area. On 6 May 2021, 5 by-elections were held in Croydon following the resignation of 5 councillors across New Addington North, South Norwood, Kenley, Park Hill and Whitgift and Woodside. Two current councillors were elected in the 2022 London local elections. A by-election, caused by the resignation of Mike Bonello, was held on 2 May 2024.

Park Hill and Whitgift (ward)
Park Hill and Whitgift is a ward in the London Borough of Croydon in the United Kingdom, covering the Park Hill and Whitgift estates. It is the only ward in Croydon with one councillor elected every four years. The ward was created following the Croydon Council boundary change in 2018.

As part of the 2023 Boundary Review, Park Hill and Whitgift will move from Croydon Central constituency to Croydon South at the 2024 general election.
Rostam's Seven Labours
The Seven Tales of Rustam  (Persian: هفت خان رستم, romanized: Haftkhān-e-Rostam) were a series of acts carried out by the greatest of the Iranian heroes, Rostam, The story was retold by Ferdowsi in his epic poem, Shahnameh. The Seven Labours were seven difficult tasks undertaken by Rostam, accompanied, in most instances, only by his faithful and sagacious steed Rakhsh, although in two labours he was accompanied also by the champion, Olad.

Shahnameh
The Shahnameh is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets (two-line verses), the Shahnameh is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of Iran from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic.

The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language. It is regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural identity of Iran.
Sanjay Mandlik
Sanjay Sadashivrao Mandlik is an Indian politician and a Shiv Sena leader from Kolhapur district, Maharashtra. He is member of 17th Lok Sabha from Kolhapur Constituency. He is son of Late Shri. Sadashivrao Mandlik who was elected as a Member of Parliament four times from Kolhapur Constituency. Sanjay Mandlik is a chairman of Sadashivrao Mandlik Kagal Taluka Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. which is located in Hamidawda in Kolhapur district.

Sadashivrao Dadoba Mandlik
Sadashivrao Dadoba Mandlik (7 October 1934 – 10 March 2015) was a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India from Kolhapur. He was a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.

He served as a member of the 12th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 14th Lok Sabha. He also won the Kagal constituency three times in Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections during 1985, 1990 and 1995.
Sergeant Floyd (towboat)
Sergeant Floyd is a historic museum boat, serving as the Sergeant Floyd River Museum & Welcome Center at 1000 Larsen Park Road in Sioux City, Iowa.  Built in 1932 as a utility vehicle and towboat, she is one of a small number of surviving vessels built specifically for the United States Army Corps of Engineers in its management of the nation's inland waterways.  The boat has been restored and drydocked, and now houses exhibits about the Missouri River and local tourism information.  The museum is a facility of the Sioux City Public Museum.

She was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1989.

Pusher (boat)
A pusher, pusher craft, pusher boat, pusher tug, or towboat, is a boat designed for pushing barges or car floats. In the United States, the industries that use these vessels refer to them as towboats. These vessels are characterized by a square bow and a shallow draft, and they typically have knees, which are large plates mounted to the bow for pushing barges of various heights. These boats usually operate on rivers and inland waterways. Multiple barges lashed together, or a boat and any barges lashed to it, are referred to as a tow and can have dozens of barges. Many of these vessels, especially the long-haul boats, include living quarters for the crew.
Higher-dimensional algebra
In mathematics, especially (higher) category theory, higher-dimensional algebra is the study of categorified structures. It has applications in nonabelian algebraic topology, and generalizes abstract algebra.

Topological quantum field theory
In gauge theory and mathematical physics, a topological quantum field theory (or topological field theory or TQFT) is a quantum field theory that computes topological invariants.

While TQFTs were invented by physicists, they are also of mathematical interest, being related to, among other things, knot theory and the theory of four-manifolds in algebraic topology, and to the theory of moduli spaces in algebraic geometry. Donaldson, Jones, Witten, and Kontsevich have all won Fields Medals for mathematical work related to topological field theory.

In condensed matter physics, topological quantum field theories are the low-energy effective theories of topologically ordered states, such as fractional quantum Hall states, string-net condensed states, and other strongly correlated quantum liquid states.
Medical school in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, medical school generally refers to a department within a university which is involved in the education of future medical practitioners.  All leading British medical schools are state-funded and their core purpose is to train doctors on behalf of the National Health Service. Courses generally last four to six years: two years of pre-clinical training in an academic environment and two to three years clinical training at a teaching hospital and in community settings. Medical schools and teaching hospitals are closely integrated. The course of study is extended to six years if an intercalated degree is taken in a related subject.

Brighton and Sussex Medical School
Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS) is a medical school formed as a partnership of the University of Brighton and the University of Sussex. Like other UK medical schools it is based on the principles and standards of 'Tomorrow's Doctors', an initiative by the General Medical Council outlining the role of British practitioners. Since opening in 2003, BSMS
has produced more than 1,500 new doctors who now work across the UK.
Kawagoe Station
Kawagoe Station (川越駅, Kawagoe-eki) is an interchange passenger railway station in located in the city of Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tōbu Railway and East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Minatomirai Line
The Minatomirai 21 Line (みなとみらい21線 Minato-mirai-21-sen), commonly known as the Minatomirai Line (みなとみらい線 Minatomirai-sen), is a subway line in Yokohama, Japan that runs from Yokohama Station to Motomachi-Chūkagai Station through the Minatomirai 21 business district. The line opened in 2004 and is operated by the Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company.

Maps and station numbering use navy blue and the route symbol MM to identify the line. The entire line is underground and goes under the Minato Mirai and Kannai districts, as well as numerous islands made of soft reclaimed land and channels, requiring stations to be constructed deep underground. The original above-ground section of the Tōkyū Tōyoko Line between Yokohama and Sakuragichō stations was abandoned and replaced with a new underground connector line to allow through services onto the newly completed Minatomirai Line.