hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Global workspace theory
Global workspace theory (GWT) is a cognitive architecture and theoretical framework for understanding consciousness and was first introduced in 1988 by cognitive scientist Bernard Baars. It was developed to qualitatively explain a large set of matched pairs of conscious and unconscious processes. GWT has been influential in modeling consciousness and higher-order cognition as emerging from competition and integrated flows of information across widespread, parallel neural processes.

Bernard Baars derived inspiration for the theory as the cognitive analog of the blackboard system of early artificial intelligence system architectures, where independent programs shared information.

Global workspace theory is one of the leading theories of consciousness.  While aspects of GWT are matters of ongoing debate, it remains a focus of current research, including brain interpretations and computational simulations.

Journal of Consciousness Studies
The Journal of Consciousness Studies is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated entirely to the field of consciousness studies. It is published by Imprint Academic, and was founded in 1994. It was edited by Joseph Goguen from its founding date until 2006. It has since been edited by Professor Valerie Gray Hardcastle of the University of Cincinnati.
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom (opera)
Die Stadt hinter dem Strom (The City Beyond the River) is a German-language oratorio-opera in three acts composed by Hans Vogt to a libretto by Hermann Kasack based on his 1947 dystopian novel Die Stadt hinter dem Strom.

Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk
Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk (NWDR; Northwest German Broadcasting) was the organization responsible for public broadcasting in the German Federal States of Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and North Rhine-Westphalia from 22 September 1945 to 31 December 1955. Until 1954, it was also responsible for broadcasting in West Berlin. NWDR was a founder member of the consortium of public-law broadcasting institutions of the Federal Republic of Germany, the ARD.

On 1 January 1956, NWDR was succeeded by Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) and Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR).
Tau2 Hydrae
Tau2 Hydrae is a probable astrometric binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.30 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 520 light years from the Sun. The brighter component is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.56.

The primary member, component A, is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A3 V. It is a suspected variable of unknown type, with an amplitude of 0.06 in visual magnitude. The star has around 4.5 times the radius of the Sun and is radiating about 285 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,918 K.

This star along with τ1 Hydrae, ι Hydrae and 33 Hydrae (A Hydrae) were traditionally known as Ukdah, Arabic for "knot". The name Ukdah is now officially applied to ι Hydrae.

Hydra (constellation)
Hydra is the largest of the 88 modern constellations, measuring 1303 square degrees, and also the longest at over 100 degrees. Its southern end borders Libra and Centaurus and its northern end borders Cancer. It was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. Commonly represented as a water snake, it straddles the celestial equator.
Jackson's Military Road
Jackson's Military Road was a 19th-century route connecting Nashville, Tennessee, with New Orleans, Louisiana. After the War of 1812, Congress appropriated funds in 1816 to build and improve this road. It was completed in 1820. The road was named for then General Andrew Jackson, hero of the United States victory at the Battle of New Orleans against British forces.

Madisonville, Louisiana
Madisonville is a town in St. Tammany Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The population was 748 at the 2010 U.S. census, and 850 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is part of the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner metropolitan statistical area. The ZIP code is 70447.
Zhanggong, Henan
Zhanggong (simplified Chinese: 张弓; traditional Chinese: 張弓; pinyin: Zhānggōng) is a town under the administration of Ningling County, Henan, China. As of 2018, it has 27 villages under its administration.

Ningling County
Ningling County (simplified Chinese: 宁陵县; traditional Chinese: 寧陵縣; pinyin: Nínglíng Xiàn) is a county under the prefecture-level city of Shangqiu, in the east of Henan province, People's Republic of China.
Lords and Ladies (novel)
Lords and Ladies is a fantasy novel by British writer Terry Pratchett, the fourteenth Discworld book. It was originally published in 1992. Some parts of the storyline spoof elements of Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Nanny Ogg
Gytha Ogg (usually called Nanny Ogg) is a character from Terry Pratchett's Discworld series. She is a witch and a member of the Lancre Coven. Gytha is known for her practical approach to magic and her no-nonsense attitude. She is also renowned for her culinary skills and is an excellent cook. Gytha Ogg is often depicted as a strong, capable, and independent character, with a sharp sense of humor. She frequently appears in the Discworld series, particularly in the books featuring the Lancre witches.
Itchen Abbas
Itchen Abbas is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Itchen Valley, in the Winchester district, in the county of Hampshire, England. The village is on the River Itchen about 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Winchester.

City of Winchester
Winchester (/ˈwɪntʃɪstər/), or the City of Winchester, is a local government district with city status in Hampshire, England.

The district is named after its main settlement of Winchester, which is where the council is based and is also the county town of Hampshire. The city boundaries also encompass a large surrounding rural area, including the towns of New Alresford and Whiteley and numerous villages.

Parts of the district lie within the South Downs National Park. The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, East Hampshire, Havant, Portsmouth, Fareham, Eastleigh and Test Valley.
Dolní Žukov
Dolní Žukovⓘ (Polish: Żuków Dolnyⓘ, German: Nieder Zukau) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of Czech Teschen in 1960. It has a population of 1,064 (2005).

The name of the village is possessive in origin derived from personal name Żuk (żuk means also a beetle).

Český Těšín
Český Těšín (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskiː ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; Polish: Czeski Cieszyn; German: Tschechisch-Teschen) is a town in Karviná District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants.

Český Těšín lies on the west bank of the Olza river, in the heart of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. Until the 1920 division of the region between Poland and Czechoslovakia it was just a western suburb of the town of Teschen, which after the division fell to Poland as Cieszyn. The combined population of the Czech and Polish parts of the town is around 57,000 (23,500 in Český Těšín, 33,500 in Cieszyn).

The historic centre in Český Těšín is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Białkowice
Białkowice [bjau̯kɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Moszczenica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 28 km (17 mi) north of Moszczenica, 40 km (25 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 20 km (12 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Moszczenica, Piotrków County
Moszczenica [mɔʂt͡ʂɛˈnit͡sa] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Moszczenica. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski and 36 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Niels A. Torp
Niels August Torp (born 8 March 1940) is a Norwegian architect.

He was born in Oslo to architect Ernst Torp and Nini Augusta Butenschøn. He is a brother of Fredrik Torp, and nephew of Leif Torp and Barthold A. Butenschøn.

Torp was appointed at his father and uncle's architect company Torp & Torp from 1965, and took over as leader of the company from 1974. He renamed the company to Niels Torp AS in 1984. Among his designs are offices for the companies Norsk Data, Noiseless and Fellesdata in Oslo, British Airways main office at Heathrow, the BI Norwegian Business School main campus in Oslo, parts of Aker Brygge, Smestaddammen, Vikingskipet and the Oslo Airport, Gardermoen terminal building.

Fredrik Torp
Fredrik Adrian Svenning Torp (24 May 1937 – 26 July 2023) was a Norwegian architect.

Torp took his degree at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1961, and in 1965 he established the company Telje-Torp-Aasen Arkitektkontor together with Are Telje and Knut Aasen. Among their works are the new University Library of Oslo (1999) and the Oslo police headquarters (1978).

Torp died on 26 July 2023, at the age of 86.
Lamune
Lamune (ラムネ, Ramune) is a Japanese adult visual novel developed by Neko Neko Soft. Originally released on July 30, 2004, for the PC. It was followed by an all-ages version for the PlayStation 2, and was released on August 25, 2005. A twelve-episode anime series based on the visual novel, entitled Lamune: Garasu Bin ni Utsuru Umi (ラムネ 〜ガラスびんに映る海〜; lit. Lamune: Sea Reflected in the Glass Bottle), was produced by Trinet Entertainment and Picture Magic and aired between October 11, 2005, and December 27, 2005. Light novels, drama CDs, and one volume of a manga adaption have also been produced.

Eroge
An eroge (エロゲー, erogē, pronounced [eɾoɡe(ː)]), also called an H-game (エッチゲーム, ecchi game), is a Japanese genre of erotic video game. The term encompasses a wide variety of Japanese games containing erotic content across multiple genres. The first eroge were created in the 1980s, and many well-known companies in the Japanese gaming industry originally produced and distributed them. Some eroge are primarily focused on erotic content, while others, such as Key's Kanon, only contain occasional scenes in an otherwise non-erotic work. Games in the latter category are often re-released with sexual content removed for general audiences. Throughout its history, the genre has faced controversy for its use of explicit sexual content, and as a result has been banned from several console platforms.
V. M. Chatram
V. M. Chatram or Vijayaragava Mudaliar Chatram is a rapidly developing suburban area located in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, South India. V. M. Chatram, which was previously a Village Panchayat, was upgraded to a ward of the Tirunelveli Municipal Corporation since June 1, 1994.  The settlements/areas adjacent to/near V. M. Chatram, which is fast becoming an urban area, are V. O. C. Nagar, Srinivasa Nagar, Adithanar Nagar, and T. V. S. Nagar.

Tirunelveli district
Tirunelveli district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. It is the largest district in terms of area with Tirunelveli as its headquarters. The district was formed on 1 September 1790 by the British East India Company (on behalf of the British government) and comprised the present Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi, Tenkasi and parts of Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram district. As of 2011, the undivided district (along with Tenkasi) had a population of 30,77,233.
Golan Heights Law
The Golan Heights Law (Hebrew: חוק רמת הגולן, romanized: Khok Ramat HaGolan) is the Israeli law which applies Israel's government and laws to the Golan Heights. It was ratified by the Knesset by a vote of 63–21, on 14 December 1981. Although the law did not use the term, it was considered by the international community and some members of the Israeli opposition as an annexation of the territory and illegitimate.

Nineteenth government of Israel
The nineteenth government of Israel was formed by Menachem Begin on 5 August 1981 following the June 1981 elections. Begin included Likud, the National Religious Party, Agudat Yisrael, Tami and Telem in his coalition, which held 63 of the 120 seats in the Knesset, and the cabinet had 17 ministers. On 26 August Tehiya joined the coalition, and the number of ministers rose to 18.

Begin resigned as Prime Minister in August 1983, and Yitzhak Shamir formed the twentieth government on 10 October, which held office until after the 1984 elections.
Orleans-Franklin-1 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012
The Orleans-Franklin-1 Representative District is a one-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont.  It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 United States census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 United States census.

The Orleans-Franklin-1 District includes all of the Orleans County towns of Jay, Lowell, Troy, and Westfield, and the Franklin County town of Montgomery.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The one member Orleans-Franklin-1 District had a population of 4,223 in that same census, 4.04% above the state average.

Montgomery, Vermont
Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2020 census was 1,184. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County. Montgomery is also known for having the most covered bridges of any town in Vermont, with seven. This amounts to one covered bridge for approximately every 170 residents, and is the most of any single town in the United States.
Arrondissements of the Vosges department
The 3 arrondissements of the Vosges department are:

Arrondissement of Épinal, (prefecture of the Vosges department: Épinal) with 140 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 187,993 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Neufchâteau, (subprefecture: Neufchâteau) with 251 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 70,442 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, (subprefecture: Saint-Dié-des-Vosges) with 116 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 102,238 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges
The arrondissement of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges is an arrondissement of France in the Vosges department in the Grand Est région. It has 116 communes. Its population is 102,238 (2021), and its area is 1,373.0 km2 (530.1 sq mi).
Clark M. Blatteis
Clark Martin Blatteis (June 25, 1932 – March 14, 2021), was a German-American biomedical researcher. After escaping Nazi Germany as a child, he became a distinguished professor in the field of physiology at the University of Tennessee College of Medicine in Memphis, Tennessee, where much of his work focused on discovering details of the mechanisms by which fevers develop.

American Physiological Society
The American Physiological Society is a non-profit professional society for physiologists. It has nearly 10,000 members, most of whom hold doctoral degrees in medicine, physiology, or other health professions. Its mission is to support research and education in the physiological sciences. The society publishes 16 peer-reviewed journals, sponsors scientific conferences, and sponsors awards to further this mission.
Risedale
Risedale is an area and ward of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. It is bordered by Barrow town centre, Parkside, Newbarns and Roose and had a population of 5,663 in 2001, increasing to 6,294 at the 2011 Census.

Whilst still an electoral ward for Barrow Town Council, the ward was combined at a district/ local authority level with Roosecote ward on 1st April 2023 following formation of the new Westmorland and Furness Local Authority.

Risedale is a fairly deprived district, with figures for unemployment being higher than Barrow and national average. Council housing makes up much of the southern area of the ward (in the form of Broadway, Gateway, Longway and Westway).

Roose
Roose or Roosecote is a suburb and ward of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. The word 'roose' is Celtic for "moor" or "heath" and the suffix 'cote' of Roosecote means "hut" or "huts" (the word 'cottage' is derived from 'cote'). Before the building of Roose Cottages and the arrival of the Cornish miners Roose was pronounced with a hard S, as in goose; now it is locally pronounced 'Rooze', due to the Cornish accent. Roose is served by Roose railway station, one of the few remaining stations on the Furness Line in the Barrow area.

The ward of Roose also encompass the settlements of Rampside and Stank, as well as Piel Island and Roa Island, it extends as far north as Abbot's Wood Nature Reserve.

Whilst still an electoral ward for Barrow Town Council, the ward was combined at a district/ local authority level wit Risedale ward in April 2023 to become the Risedale and Roosecote ward following the formation of the new Westmorland and Furness Local Authority.
StudBudz
StudBudz is the name of both a Twitch livestream and the backcourt duo of Minnesota Lynx teammates Courtney Williams and Natisha Hiedeman. The pair gained widespread attention in 2025 through their unscripted streaming content and high-profile presence at the WNBA All-Star Game in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Minnesota Lynx
The Minnesota Lynx are an American professional basketball team based in Minneapolis. The Lynx compete in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) as a member of the Western Conference. The team won the WNBA title in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017.

Founded prior to the 1999 season, the team was owned by Glen Taylor, who was also the majority owner of the Lynx' NBA counterpart, the Minnesota Timberwolves, from 1999 to 2025. The current owners of the Lynx are Alex Rodriguez and Marc Lore. The franchise has been home to players such as Katie Smith, Seimone Augustus, Minnesota native Lindsay Whalen, Maya Moore, Rebekkah Brunson, and Sylvia Fowles.

The Lynx have qualified for the WNBA playoffs in 15 of their 26 years.
1907–08 Yorkshire Cup
The 1907 Yorkshire Cup was the third occasion on which the Yorkshire Cup competition was held. This year's final was a repeat of the first Yorkshire Cup final in which the same two clubs reached the same outcome. 
Hunslet won the trophy for the  second time in three years by beating Halifax by the score of 17–0

The match was played at Headingley, Leeds, now in West Yorkshire. The attendance was 15,000 and receipts were £397

1905–06 Yorkshire Cup
The 1905 Yorkshire Cup competition was a knock-out competition between (mainly professional) rugby league clubs from  the  county of Yorkshire. 1905 was the inaugural year for the Rugby League Yorkshire Cup competition. The cup was won by Hunslet who beat Halifax by a score of 13–3.
Yurtözü, Kızıltepe
Yurtözü (Kurdish: Cabo, Çabol) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kîkan tribe and had a population of 53 in 2021.

Kızıltepe
Kızıltepe (Turkish pronunciation: [kɯˈzɯɫtepe]; Kurdish: Qoser; Ottoman Turkish: تال ارمين, romanized: Tell Armen, lit. 'Armenian hill') is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,236 km2, and its population is 267,151 (2022). It is mainly populated by Kurds of the Kîkan Kurdish tribe. Kızıltepe is situated in Mardin Province within the broader Kurdish-majority region of southeastern Turkey. Demographic research has identified the Mardin region as having a predominantly Kurdish-speaking population, with Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) as the principal spoken language. Kızıltepe is predominantly inhabited by Kurds and is situated within Mardin Province, which demographic studies have consistently identified as a Kurdish-majority province with high concentrations of Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) speakers.
Lichtensteinia (plant)
Lichtensteinia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is also the only genus in the tribe Lichtensteinieae, subfamily Apioideae.

It is native to the Cape Provinces and KwaZulu-Natal (within South Africa).

The genus name of Lichtensteinia is in honour of Hinrich Lichtenstein (1780–1857), a German physician, explorer, botanist and zoologist. 
It was first described and published in Linnaea Vol.1 on page 394 in 1826.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Mascarene owls
The Mascarene owls, also known as Mascarene scops owls or lizard owls, are a group of owls formerly classified in their own genus Mascarenotus, but now thought to represent a polyphyletic grouping within the genus Otus.  They were restricted to the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean.  All three species, the Réunion scops owl, Mauritius scops owl, and Rodrigues scops owl, are now extinct.

Recent genetic studies indicate that the three species in the genus actually belong in the genus Otus, which contains the typical scops owls. They are likely descended from the lineage of the Oriental scops owl (O. sunia), and share common ancestry with the scops owls found in Madagascar and the Comoros. The Mascarenotus grouping was found to be non-monophyletic, with the species having evolved the same morphology in parallel evolution, with the Rodrigues owl forming an outgroup to the clade containing the Mauritius owl, the rainforest scops owl and the Seychelles scops owl.

Rainforest scops owl
The Madagascar scops owl (Otus rutilus), also known as the Malagasy scops owl or rainforest scops owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found throughout Madagascar, now that it has recently been lumped with the Torotoroka scops owl (O. r. madagascariensis), with which it was long considered a separate species from. The nominate O. r. rutilus is referred to as the rainforest scops owl.
2022 Carolina Panthers season
The 2022 season was the Carolina Panthers' 28th in the National Football League (NFL) and their third and final season under head coach Matt Rhule. They attempted to improve on their 5–12 record from last season and return to the playoffs for the first time since the 2017 season.
After a 1–4 start from the team, the Panthers fired head coach Matt Rhule, along with defensive coordinator Phil Snow. Rhule was replaced with defensive passing game coordinator Steve Wilks, who served as the interim head coach for the remainder of the season. After a Week 16 win against the Detroit Lions, they improved on their five-win total from the previous three years. However, they were eliminated from playoff contention for the fifth straight year when they lost to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers the following week.

Phil Snow
Phillip Snow (born December 22, 1955) is an American football coach who currently serves as the associate head coach at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. He previously served as the defensive coordinator for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL) from 2020 to 2022 and was the senior defensive analyst for the Chicago Bears in 2023.