hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minden Land
Minden Land (German: Mindener Land) is a cultural landscape in East Westphalia, the  northeastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. It covers the four-fifths of the district of Minden-Lübbecke that lie on the North German Plain and is clearly bounded to the south by the Weser Hills and Wiehen Hills, where it adjoins the Ravensberg Land and the Upper Weser Valley. Its other boundaries are delineated by those of the district.

Minden Land in its narrower sense includes the towns and villages of Minden, Hille, Petershagen and the northern part of Porta Westfalica, as well as Lübbecke, Espelkamp, Preußisch Oldendorf, Rahden and Stemwede in Lübbecke Land.

52°18′43″N 8°51′18″E﻿ / ﻿52.311837°N 8.85498°E﻿ / 52.311837; 8.85498

Petershagen
Petershagen (German pronunciation: [ˌpeːtɐsˈhaːɡn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Päitershaugen) is a town in the Minden-Lübbecke district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It lies on the Westphalian Mill Route. The core is formed by the districts of Petershagen and Lahde, located opposite each other on the Weser. Its typical dialect belongs, as with the Bremer Platt to the Southern Oldenburgish variety Northern Low Saxon, itself a dialect of the Low German language.
Grey wolf (mythology)
Grey wolf or Graywolf (Old Turkic: Böri) is a sacred animal and national symbol in Turkic, Mongolian, and Altaic mythology. In Turkish it is known as Bozkurt (Boskord, Pusgurt, Gökkurt, Gökbörü, Kökbörü). In Mongolian it is called Börteçine (Börteşına, Börtöşono).

Old Turkic
Old Turkic, also known as East Old Turkic, was a Siberian Turkic language spoken around East Turkistan and Mongolia. It was first discovered in inscriptions originating from the Second Turkic Khaganate, and later the Uyghur Khaganate, making it the earliest attested Common Turkic language. In terms of the datability of extant written sources, the period of Old Turkic can be dated from slightly before 720 AD to the Mongol invasions of the 13th century.
2004 PP national party congress
The People's Party (PP) held its 15th national congress in Madrid from 1 to 3 October 2004, to renovate its governing bodies—including the post of president, which amounted to that of party leader—and establish the party platform and policy until the next congress. The congress slogan was "Spain, the hope that unites us" (Spanish: España, la ilusión que nos une), and it saw Mariano Rajoy being elected unopposed as party president, with 98.4% of the delegate vote in the congress (2,479 votes) and 1.6% of blank ballots (41).

Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
The second deputy prime minister of Spain, officially the second vice president of the Government (Spanish: Vicepresidente segundo del Gobierno), is a senior member of the Government of Spain. The office is not a permanent position, existing only at the discretion of the prime minister.

The current second deputy prime minister is Yolanda Díaz, who is also minister of Labour and Social Economy.
Tsurugaoka Castle
Tsurugaoka Castle (鶴ヶ岡城, Tsurugaoka-jō) is a flatland-style Japanese castle constructed in early Edo period in the city of Tsuruoka, Yamagata. It was the seat of the Sakai clan, a fudai daimyō clan who ruled over Shōnai Domain, Dewa Province in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate.

Shōnai Domain
Shōnai Domain (庄内藩, Shōnai-han) was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Tsuruoka Castle in what is now the city of Tsuruoka in Yamagata Prefecture, and was thus also known as the Tsuruoka Domain (鶴岡藩, Tsuruoka han). It was governed for the whole of its history by the Sakai clan, which resulted in an unusually stable and prosperous domain. During their rule over Shōnai, the Sakai clan was ranked as a province-holding daimyō (国持ち大名, kunimochi daimyō) family, and as such, had the privilege of shogunal audiences in the Great Hall (Ohiroma) of Edo Castle. In the Boshin War of 1868–69, the domain joined the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei, the alliance of northern domains supporting the Tokugawa shogunate, but then later defected to the imperial side. As with all other domains, it was disbanded in 1871.
Richea
Richea is a genus of  11 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. Nine of the species are endemic to Tasmania and the other two are endemic to the south-east of the Australian mainland.

Species include:

Richea acerosa (Lindl.) F.Muell.

Richea alpina Menadue

Richea continentis B.L.Burtt – Candle heath

Richea dracophylla R.Br. – Dragonleaf richea

Richea gunnii Hook.f. – Gunn's candle heath

Richea milliganii (Hook.f.) F.Muell. – Milligan's candle heath or nodding candle heath

Richea pandanifolia Hook.f. – Pandani or giant grass tree

Richea procera (F.Muell.) F.Muell. – Lowland richea

Richea scoparia Hook.f. – Scoparia

Richea sprengelioides (R.Br.) F.Muell.

Richea victoriana Menadue

Richea × curtisiae A.M.Gray

Richea victoriana
Richea victoriana  is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. It is similar to Richea continentis, with differences including the presence of prominent leaf scars on the stems and inflorescences that are less than 12 cm long and have a hairless stem. The species was first formally described in 1995 in Muelleria based on plant material collected from the Thomson River headwaters. It occurs in wet areas in the vicinity of the Baw Baw plateau and the Blue Range.
Uljin–Samcheok Landings
The Ulchin-Samcheok landings was an unsuccessful attempt by North Korea to establish guerrilla camps in the Taebaek Mountains on October 30, 1968, in order to topple Park Chung-hee's regime and bring about the reunification of Korea.

As the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) became increasingly harder to penetrate following the Blue House Raid, Kim Il Sung deployed 120 North Korean commandos along eight separate coastal locations between Ulchin and Samcheok in Gangwon Province on a mission to indoctrinate South Korean citizens. However, the attempt failed, and the North Korean commandos were routed by South Korean and American forces.

Lee Seung-bok
Lee Seung-bok (Korean: 이승복; 9 December 1959 – 9 December 1968) was a 9-year-old South Korean boy who was murdered by North Korean commandos. His murder was widely publicized in South Korea. In the early 1990s, false rumours began to circulate that Lee had never existed and that his death was the creation of South Korean propaganda.
Nam Sang-lan
Nam Sang-lan (born 2 October 1966) is a South Korean rowing coxswain. She competed in the women's coxed four event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Nam attended Korea National Sport University. She won a silver medal in women's coxed four at the 1986 Asian Games with a time of 7:50.57. She later became a teacher at Dalcheon Elementary School in Chungju, South Chungcheong Province. She is a member of the board of directors of the Korean Rowing Association.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
F. H. Barber Provincial Park
F.H. Barber Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.  Comprising 8.5 ha of Fraser River floodplain in its natural state, it is one of only two secured public access points to the Fraser between Chilliwack and Hope.  It is located at the confluence of Wahleach Creek (Jones Creek) and the Fraser one mile west of Laidlaw, British Columbia and is bounded on the south by the tracks of the Canadian National Railway.

Laidlaw, British Columbia
Laidlaw is an unincorporated settlement in the Upper Fraser Valley region of British Columbia, Canada, located just west of the westernmost boundary of Hope, British Columbia on the south side of the Fraser River and along the Trans-Canada Highway.

Laidlaw is the base of the only road into Wahleach Lake (commonly known as Jones Lake).

Originally known as St. Elmo, when the Canadian Northern Railway laid two tracks across the farm of W.F. Laidlaw he insisted the station be given his name.: 148
Pontigny Abbey
Pontigny Abbey (French: Abbaye de Pontigny), the church of which in recent decades has also been the cathedral of the Mission de France, otherwise the Territorial Prelature of Pontigny (French: Cathédrale-abbatiale de Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption à Pontigny), was a Cistercian monastery located in Pontigny on the River Serein, in the present diocese of Sens and department of Yonne, Burgundy, France. Founded in 1114, it was the second of the four great daughter houses of Cîteaux Abbey. It was suppressed in 1791 in the French Revolution and destroyed except for the church. In 1843 it was re-founded as a community of the Fathers of St. Edmund. In 1909 it passed into private ownership. In 1941 it became the mother house of the Mission de France, a territorial prelature.

Cîteaux Abbey
Cîteaux Abbey (French: Abbaye de Cîteaux [abe.i d(ə) sito]) is a Catholic abbey located in Saint-Nicolas-lès-Cîteaux, south of Dijon, France. It is notable for being the original house of the Order of Cistercians. Today, it belongs to the Trappists (also called the Cistercians of the Strict Observance).

The abbey has about 35 monks. The community produces a cheese branded under the abbey's name, as well as caramels and honey-based candies.
Carey Business School
The Johns Hopkins Carey Business School is the graduate business school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. It was established in 2007 and offers full-time and part-time programs leading to the Master of Business Administration (MBA) and Master of Science (MS) degrees.

The business school is named after James Carey (1751–1834), a relative of Johns Hopkins. In 2006, sixth-generation descendant William P. Carey, through the W. P. Carey Foundation, donated $50 million to the Johns Hopkins University, contributing to the establishment of the Carey Business School in 2007.

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1893 following the construction of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Hopkins became a model for modern medical education. The school is recognized as a major center of biomedical research and is consistently ranked as one of the top medical schools in the United States.

The School of Medicine is located in Baltimore, where it shares a campus in East Baltimore with the School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, the school's primary teaching hospital. As part of the larger Johns Hopkins Medicine health system, the school is also affiliated with numerous regional hospitals and medical centers including the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Howard County Medical Center, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Slimbridge A.F.C.
Slimbridge Association Football Club is an English football club representing the village of Slimbridge, near Dursley, Gloucestershire (although its ground is in nearby Cambridge). The first team currently plays in the Southern League, the reserve team in the Hellenic League Division Two West, and the Under-18 Youth team in the Cheltenham Under-18 Floodlit Youth League. The club is affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA.

Dursley
Dursley is a market town and civil parish in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies between the cities of Bristol and Gloucester. It is under the northeast flank of Stinchcombe Hill, and about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of the River Severn. The town is adjacent to the village of Cam. The population of Dursley was 7,463 at the 2021 Census.
NAKS
NAKS (Sranan Tongo: Na Afrikan Kulturu fu Sranan, English: Our African Culture of Suriname) is a social and cultural organization which promotes Afro-Surinamese culture and expression in Suriname and worldwide. The organisation was founded in 1948 with Eugène Drenthe as its first president, when it emerged as the successor of association football club T.O.P. (Tot Ons Plezier) which was founded a year prior.

Originally a multi-sports club, NAKS (then known as Na Arbeid Komt Sport) eventually evolved into a social and cultural organization promoting language, sports, music, arts and crafts of the African diaspora. Headquartered in Paramaribo, it also runs the NAKS Volkshogeschool (formerly known as the Volkshogeschool Kofidjompo) located in Lelydorp.

Indo-Surinamese
Indo-Surinamese, Indian-Surinamese,  or Hindustani Surinamese are nationals of Suriname who trace their ancestry to the Indian subcontinent. Their ancestors were indentured labourers brought by the Dutch and the British to the Dutch colony of Suriname, beginning in 1873 and continuing during the British Raj. Per the 2012 Census of Suriname, 148,443 citizens of Suriname are of Indo-Surinamese origin,  constituting 27.4% of the total population, making them the largest ethnic group in Suriname on an individual level. They are a subgroup of Asian Surinamese and Indo-Caribbean people.
Mohan Mishra
Mohan Mishra (19 May 1937 - 6 May 2021) was an Indian physician, known for his studies on Visceral leishmaniasis, (Kala Azar) and its treatment using Amphotericin B, regarded by many as a pioneering attempt. The Government of India honoured him, in 2014, with the award of Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for his contributions to the fields of medicine.

Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.
1928 New South Wales rugby union tour of New Zealand
The 1928 Waratahs tour of New Zealand was a collection of rugby union games undertaken by the New South Wales Teams against invitational and national teams of New Zealand.

The Queensland Rugby Union had collapsed in 1919 and would not be reborn until 1929 leaving the New South Wales Rugby Union to administer the game in Australia at the national representative level. In 1928 the New South Wales side toured New Zealand three years after the previous tour over the Tasman Sea and only few mount after the tour of the British Isles, France and Canada.

1925 New South Wales rugby union tour of New Zealand
The 1925 Waratahs tour of New Zealand was a series of rugby union games undertaken by the New South Wales Teams against invitational and national teams of New Zealand.

The Queensland Rugby Union had collapsed in 1919 and would not be reborn until 1929 leaving the New South Wales Rugby Union to administer the game in Australia at the national representative level. In 1925 the New South Wales side toured New Zealand

Previously the All Blacks visited New South Wales in the 1925 tour.
Entre-Deux-Mers
Entre-Deux-Mers is a French region, well known as a  Bordeaux wine growing region. The geographical area is situated between the rivers Garonne and Dordogne, and is bounded in the east by the border of the Gironde department and in the west by the Bec d'Ambès, the confluence of the Garonne and the Dordogne.

At 3,000 hectares (7,400 acres), it is the largest sub-region of Bordeaux, although, as there are large areas of forest, only half the land is used for growing grapes. The total area under vine is about 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres), with about 250 growers making wine there.

Bec d'Ambès
The Bec d'Ambès (French pronunciation: [bɛk dɑ̃bɛs], literally Beak of Ambès) is the point of confluence of the rivers Garonne and Dordogne, in the Gironde estuary. Situated 15 miles north of Bordeaux, it has an oil refinery which was destroyed by bombing during World War II, but rebuilt after the war. It is in the Ambès commune.
Kalteiche
The Kalteiche near Wilgersdorf is a hill, 579.9 m above sea level (NHN), in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It lies within the county of Siegen-Wittgenstein and is one of the higher summits in the Rothaar Mountains and the highest point in the municipality of Wilnsdorf.

Siegen-Wittgenstein
Siegen-Wittgenstein is a Kreis (district) in the southeast of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Olpe, Hochsauerlandkreis, Waldeck-Frankenberg, Marburg-Biedenkopf, Lahn-Dill, Westerwaldkreis, and Altenkirchen.
David Mazzucchelli
David John Mazzucchelli (/ˌmæzuːˈkɛli/; born September 21, 1960) is an American comics artist and writer, known for his work on seminal superhero comic book storylines Daredevil: Born Again and Batman: Year One, as well as for graphic novels in other genres, such as Asterios Polyp and City of Glass: The Graphic Novel. He is also an instructor who teaches comic book storytelling at the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan.

The Comics Journal
The Comics Journal, often abbreviated TCJ, is an American magazine of news and criticism pertaining to comic books, comic strips and graphic novels. Known for its lengthy interviews with comic creators, pointed editorials and scathing reviews of the products of the mainstream comics industry, the magazine promotes the view that comics are a fine art, meriting broader cultural respect, and thus should be evaluated with higher critical standards.
Bernard Jacob Bamberger
Bernard Jacob Bamberger (May 30, 1904 – June 14, 1980) was an American rabbi, scholar, author, translator, head of major Jewish organizations, and congregational spiritual leader for over 50 years during the middle decades of the 20th century.

Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
The Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR; also known as Hebrew Union College or HUC) is an institution of higher Jewish education and the academic, spiritual, and professional leadership development center of Reform Judaism. It has three locations in the United States and one location in Jerusalem. It is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators and communal workers in Reform Judaism. Hebrew Union College has campuses in Cincinnati, Ohio, New York City, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem. The Jerusalem campus is the only seminary in Israel for training Reform Jewish clergy.
Tori (album)
Tori (stylized as TORI.) is the fifth studio album by American singer and songwriter Tori Kelly. It was released on April 5, 2024, through Epic Records and Beautiful Mind Records. Tori follows A Tori Kelly Christmas (2020).

The album features guest vocal performances from Ayra Starr, Kim Chae-won, and Jon Bellion.

A Tori Kelly Christmas
A Tori Kelly Christmas is the first Christmas album and the fourth studio album, by American singer Tori Kelly. It was released on October 30, 2020, through Schoolboy and Capitol Records. It is Kelly's first Christmas album, and was executively produced by Kelly, Babyface, and Scooter Braun. The album contains cover versions of Christmas standards such as "All I Want for Christmas is You" and "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" alongside original songs which incorporate R&B elements.

A Tori Kelly Christmas received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised the album's musical style and Kelly's vocals, comparing the latter to Mariah Carey. However, some critics felt the original songs did not reach the same standard as Kelly's covers. The album debuted at number 17 on the Billboard Top Holiday albums and received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album in 2021.
Ladder polymer
In chemistry, a ladder polymer is a type of double stranded polymer with the connectivity of a ladder. In a typical one-dimensional polymer, e.g. polyethylene and polysiloxanes, the monomers form two bonds, giving a chain.  In a ladder polymer the monomers are interconnected by four bonds.  Inorganic ladder polymers are found in synthetic and natural settings. Ladder polymers are a special case of cross-linked polymers because the crosslinks exist only with pairs of chains.

According to one definition, a ladder polymer, adjacent rings have two or more atoms in common.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.
Bistorta
Bistorta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. As of February 2019 about 40 species are accepted. It has been supported as a separate clade by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Bistorta species are native throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere, as far south as Mexico in North America and Thailand in Asia.

Bistorta macrophylla
Bistorta macrophylla (syn. Polygonum macrophyllum, syn. Persicaria macrophylla) is a flowering plant species in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. It is native to mountain regions of West and South China (Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), Bhutan, Nepal, northern India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand), and Pakistan.

In Nepal, its rhizomes are dried to be used as food.

In India (Uttarakhand), its leaves are used in traditional medicine to treat wounds. The paste made from the roots is given to infants for stomach problems.

Vernacular names:

English: red knotweed or large leaved knotweed

Chinese: 圆穗拳参; pinyin: yuan sui quan shen

Nepali: Dalle ghans, Dalle jhar

India: Kukhri, Chhota ninayin, Kande-re-ninai

Compounds (-)-Epicatechin-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, (+)-catechin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 1-(3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl 4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone, (-)-epicatechin, chlorogenic acid and gallic acid can be found in the species.
1952 Claxton Shield
The 1952 Claxton Shield was the 13th annual Claxton Shield, it was held in Perth, Western Australia. The participants were South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia. The series was won by the home team, Western Australia.

New South Wales Patriots
New South Wales Patriots compete in the Claxton Shield baseball championship in Australia.

The Patriots were one of the founding teams of the Claxton Shield in 1934 and competed as New South Wales until 1988 when the Claxtion Shield was awarded to the winner of the Australian Baseball League. In 1999 they were invited to join the International Baseball League of Australia which they competed in for 2 seasons (1999-00 and 2002). After this point the Claxton Shield reverted to a competition similar to 1988.