hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease and Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder that leads to abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes, and often in organs such as the lungs, liver, and brain.

It may lead to nosebleeds, acute and chronic digestive tract bleeding, and various problems due to the involvement of other organs. Treatment focuses on reducing bleeding from telangiectasias, and sometimes surgery or other targeted interventions to remove arteriovenous malformations in organs. Chronic bleeding often requires iron supplements, iron infusions and sometimes blood transfusions. HHT is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, and occurs in one in 5,000–8,000 people in North America.

The disease carries the names of Sir William Osler, Henri Jules Louis Marie Rendu, and Frederick Parkes Weber, who described it in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Radiocontrast agent
Radiocontrast agents are substances used to enhance the visibility of internal structures in X-ray-based imaging techniques such as computed tomography (contrast CT), projectional radiography, and fluoroscopy. Radiocontrast agents are typically iodine, or more rarely barium sulfate. The contrast agents absorb external X-rays, resulting in decreased exposure on the X-ray detector. This is different from radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine which emit radiation.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functions through different principles and thus MRI contrast agents have a different mode of action. These compounds work by altering the magnetic properties of nearby hydrogen nuclei.
Occidentalism
Occidentalism refers to a discipline that discusses the Western world (the Occident). In this context the West becomes the object, while the East is the subject. The West in the context of Occidentalism does not refer to the West in a geographical sense, but to culture or custom, especially covering the fields of thought, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, history, religion, colonialism, war, apartheid, and geography. It is not as popular as Orientalism in the general public and in academic settings.

The term emerged as the reciprocal of the notion of Orientalism popularized by literary critic Edward Said, which refers to Western stereotypes of the Eastern world, the Orient.

Occident
The Occident is a term for the West, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Western world. It is the antonym of the term Orient, referring to the Eastern world. In English, it has largely fallen into disuse. The term occidental is often used to describe objects from the Occident but can be considered an outdated term by some. The term originated with geographical divisions mirroring the cultural divide between the Greek East and the Latin West, and the political divide between the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.
European route E7
European route E7 forms part of the international E-road network. It runs between Langon in France and Zaragoza in Spain (the UNECE designate the northern terminus of the E7 as Pau, but current road signage, and other entities such as Google Maps, place the northern terminus of E7 at the A62/A65 interchange near Langon).

International E-road network
The International E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe, Central Asia and Asia Minor, developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and ordinary roads (as defined by ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/3/Rev.1).

The display of European roads on signs depend on jurisdiction. In most countries, the roads carry the European route designation alongside national designations. However, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden have integrated them as their sole route designations (examples: E18 and E6) in most cases. Some places, such as the United Kingdom and Albania do not show the European designations at all.

Other continents have similar international road networks, e.g., the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway network, and the Asian Highway Network.
St. Wilfrid Club
The St. Wilfrid Club is a dining club for organists of recognized standing in the greater New York City and tri-state area. The object of the club is to promote social discourse among its members and to further the interests of organists.

Dining club
A dining club (UK) or eating club (US) is a social group, typically requiring membership (which may or may not be exclusive to certain individuals), that meets for dinners and discussions on a regular basis. Some dining clubs have collegiate affiliations, such as the Bullingdon Club at Oxford University or the Princeton University Eating Clubs.
Januszowice, Busko County
Januszowice [januʂɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gnojno, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Gnojno, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 38 km (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gnojno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Gnojno [ˈɡnɔi̯nɔ] is a village in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gnojno. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) north-east of Busko-Zdrój and 35 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
Spartan Microlights
Spartan Microlights is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Astoria, New York. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes, ultralight trikes and powered paragliders in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft in the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules and kits for the US Experimental - Amateur-built category.

In February 2015 the company was listed as being for sale.

The company offers several different lines of aircraft. The "DFS" line, for "Dual Face System", is a line of aircraft that can be flown with either a paraglider wing or a hang glider wing and includes the Spartan DFS Paramotor and Spartan DFS Trike. The Spartan DFD Aerotome is a two-seat ultralight trike design, that is also called the DFS Aerotome Dual. The Spartan BP Parawing is a one or two seat powered paraglider design.

Powered paragliding
Powered paragliding, also known as paramotoring or PPG, is a form of ultralight aviation where the pilot wears a back-pack motor (a paramotor) which provides enough thrust to take off using a paraglider. It can be launched in still air, and on level ground, by the pilot alone—no assistance is required.
Augsburg-Land
Augsburg-Land is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 252. It is located in southwestern Bavaria, comprising most of the Landkreis Augsburg and Aichach-Friedberg districts.

Augsburg-Land was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2013, it has been represented by Hansjörg Durz of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Augsburg (district)
Augsburg (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊksbʊʁk] ⓘ; Swabian German: Augschburg) is a Landkreis (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Augsburg and the districts of Aichach-Friedberg, Landsberg, Ostallgäu, Unterallgäu, Günzburg, Dillingen and Donau-Ries. The city of Augsburg is not part of the district, but nonetheless is its administrative seat.
Wawa Runestone
The Wawa Runestone is a piece of bedrock stone covered in runes, discovered near Wawa, Ontario, Canada in 2015. The runes spell out a Swedish-language version of the Lord’s Prayer and are believed to have been carved in the early to mid-19th century by a Swedish Canadian. Unlike many other runestones found in continental America, such as the Kensington Runestone, the Wawa Runestone is not believed to be a hoax related to the Norse colonization of North America.

Runestone
A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic inscription, but the term can also be applied to inscriptions on boulders and on bedrock. The tradition of erecting runestones as a memorial to dead men began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, but the majority of the extant runestones date from the late Viking Age. While most of these are located in Scandinavia, particularly Sweden, there are also scattered runestones in locations that were visited by Norsemen. Runestones were usually brightly coloured when erected, though this is no longer evident as the colour has worn off.
Gray code
The reflected binary code (RBC), also known as reflected binary (RB) or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit).

For example, the representation of the decimal value "1" in binary would normally be "001", and "2" would be "010". In Gray code, these values are represented as "001" and "011". That way, incrementing a value from 1 to 2 requires only one bit to change, instead of two.

Gray codes are widely used to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches and to facilitate error correction in digital communications such as digital terrestrial television and some cable TV systems. The use of Gray code in these devices helps simplify logic operations and reduce errors in practice.

Symbol rate
In a digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbol rate, modulation rate or baud is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events across the transmission medium per unit of time. The symbol rate is a kind of aperiodic frequency, measured in baud (Bd) or symbols per second. In the case of a line code, the symbol rate is the pulse rate in pulses per second. Each symbol can represent or convey one or several bits of data. The symbol rate is related to the gross bit rate, expressed in bits per second.
Palazzo del Governatore di Borgo
The Palazzo del Governatore di Borgo, also called Palazzo delle Prigioni di Borgo, Palazzo del Soldano, or Palazzo dal Pozzo, was a Renaissance palace in Rome, important for artistic and historical reasons. Designed by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, it was demolished in 1936 for the opening of Via della Conciliazione.

Castel Sant'Angelo
Castel Sant'Angelo (pronounced [kaˈstɛl sanˈtandʒelo] Italian for 'Castle of the Holy Angel'), also known as Mausoleum of Hadrian (Italian: Mausoleo di Adriano),  is a towering rotunda (cylindrical building) in Parco Adriano, Rome, Italy. It was initially commissioned by the Roman Emperor Hadrian as a mausoleum for himself and his family. The popes later used the building as a fortress and castle, and it is now a museum. The structure was once the tallest building in Rome.
Taylor Corporation
Taylor Corporation is a privately owned print and communications company headquartered in North Mankato, Minnesota, and was founded in 1975 by businessman Glen Taylor.   The company comprises more than 90 locations and employs nearly 10,000 employees. Taylor has print operations in dozens of U.S. states and multiple countries around the world.

As of 2025, Taylor Corporation is considered the fifth largest graphic communications company in the country, with RR Donnelley and Quad/Graphics achieving larger revenues. The company holds more than 200 issued and pending patents.

RR Donnelley
R.R. Donnelley & Sons Co. (styled RR Donnelley) or RRD is an American integrated communications company that provides marketing and business communications, commercial printing, and related services. Its corporate headquarters are located in Chicago, Illinois, United States. In 2007, R.R. Donnelley was the world's largest commercial printer. In 2021, it was referred to as North America's largest.
Broadway Tunnel (Los Angeles)
The Broadway Tunnel was a tunnel under Fort Moore Hill in Downtown Los Angeles, California. It extended North Broadway (formerly Fort Street), at Sand Street (later California Street), one block north of Temple Street, northeast to the intersection of Bellevue Avenue (later Sunset Boulevard, now Cesar Chavez Avenue), to Buena Vista Street (now North Broadway).

Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California, United States, that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles. It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles.
Marble Hill, Tennessee
Marble Hill is a neighborhood within the city of Lynchburg in Moore County, Tennessee.

The center of Marble Hill is generally considered to be the intersection of Bobby Harrison Road, Marble Hill Road, and Short Creek Road. Tennessee State Route 50 is nearby to the east.

The first house in Marble Hill was built in 1835. The community's peak was just before the American Civil War, with only one business remaining in the town afterward.

Moore County, Tennessee
Moore County is a county located in the south central part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,461, making it the third-least populous county in Tennessee. It forms a consolidated city-county government with its county seat of Lynchburg. At 130 square miles (340 km2), it is the second-smallest county in Tennessee, behind only Trousdale. The county was created in 1871, during the Reconstruction era. Moore County is part of the Tullahoma-Manchester, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Bibia Mudalal
Bibia Mudalal (Classical Mandaic: ࡁࡉࡁࡉࡀ ࡌࡅࡃࡀࡋࡀࡋ) was a 19th-century Mandaean priest and scribe. She was perhaps the last Mandaean female priest. She is known as the wife of Ram Zihrun.

Bibia Mudalal's mother was Hawa Simat, and her father was Adam Yuhana, son of Sam.: 66  Her father came from the Kamisia and Riš Draz families.: 71  She was a scribe who copied the Ginza Rabba and also a priest who was likely initiated before the 1831 cholera epidemic that killed all of the other Mandaean priests.

Bibia Mudalal was the grandmother of Sheikh Negm (or Sheikh Nejm; born 1892 in Huwaiza, Iran), who copied many manuscripts for E. S. Drower.

Ginza Rabba
The Ginza Rabba (Classical Mandaic: ࡂࡉࡍࡆࡀ ࡓࡁࡀ, romanized: Ginzā Rbā, lit. 'Great Treasury', Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [ˈgɪnza ˈrɑbbɑ]), Ginza Rba, or Sidra Rabba (Classical Mandaic: ࡎࡉࡃࡓࡀ ࡓࡁࡀ, romanized: Sidrā Rbā, lit. 'Great Book'), and formerly the Codex Nasaraeus, is the longest and the most important holy scripture of Mandaeism.

The Ginza Rabba is composed of two parts: the Right Ginza (GR) and the Left Ginza (GL). The Right Ginza is composed of eighteen tractates and covers a variety of themes and topics, whereas the three tractates that make up the Left Ginza are unified in their focus on the fate of the soul after death. The Left Ginza is also occasionally referred to as the Book of Adam.
Annaly
Annaly is an Irish lordship and former principality, named for its conqueror Angaile, ancestor of the Ó Fearghail. The territory of Annaly coincides with modern County Longford and was conquered in the 10th century by Angaile, a King of Fortúatha whose line were chiefs of the Conmhaícne Angaile. Angaile's great-grandson Fearghail was the progenitor of the Ó Fearghail family, who were historically the Princes of Annaly. The lineage of Fearghail also provided chiefs of the Dál Messin Corb dynasty and the Uí Garrchon.

Fortúatha
Fortúath is an Old Irish word meaning "external people". It denotes a people within a kingdom that were free but neither eligible for the kingship nor involved in choosing the king.

The term can also be used to refer to the territory occupied by such peoples.
2014 Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria
The 2014 Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria was the thirteenth running of the Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria, a women's bicycle race in Spain. It was held on 10 June over a distance of 110 kilometres (68.4 miles). It was rated by the UCI as a 1.2 category race.

Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria
Durango-Durango Emakumeen Saria is a women's bicycle race held in Spain. The race was organised as a 1.2 event from 2005 and 2019, and is now organised as a 1.1-categorised race. The race is usually held over a distance of 110–120 kilometres (68–75 miles).
Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate
Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA, sometimes PETTA, PETRA) is an organic compound. It is a tetrafunctional acrylate ester used as a monomer in the manufacture of polymers. As it is a polymerizable acrylate monomer, it is nearly always supplied with an added polymerisation inhibitor, such as MEHQ (monomethyl ether hydroquinone).

Polymerisation inhibitor
In polymer chemistry, polymerisation inhibitors (US: polymerization inhibitors) are chemical compounds added to monomers to prevent their self-polymerisation. Unsaturated monomers such as acrylates, vinyl chloride, butadiene and styrene require inhibitors for both processing and safe transport and storage. Many monomers are purified industrially by distillation, which can lead to thermally-initiated polymerisation. Styrene, for example, is distilled at temperatures above 100 °C whereupon it undergoes thermal polymerisation at a rate of ~2% per hour. This polymerisation is undesirable, as it can foul the fractionating tower; it is also typically exothermic, which can lead to a runaway reaction and potential explosion if left unchecked. Once initiated, polymerisation is typically radical in mechanism and as such many polymerisation inhibitors act as radical scavengers.
Pilot licensing in Canada
Pilot licensing in Canada is administered by Transport Canada under the Aeronautics Act and the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

Other than when flying a hang glider or paraglider, a person may only operate a Canadian-registered aircraft or act as a flight crew member in Canada with a licence or permit issued by Transport Canada.

At the end of 2008 there were 64,932 Canadian licences and permits held, giving Canada the second largest population of licensed pilots in the world.

The first Canadian private pilot's licence was issued to James Stanley Scott on January 24, 1920, and the first Canadian transport licence was issued to Douglas G. Joy on April 1, 1939.

Aeronautics Act
The Aeronautics Act R.S. 1985, c. A-2 (French: Loi sur l'aéronautique) is the legislation that governs civil aviation in Canada.

The Act consists of a lengthy interpretation section which defines many key terms:

Part I deals with Aeronautics in general.

Part II deals with military investigations involving accidents between civilian and military aircraft.

Part III deals with staff responsibilities.

Part IV dealt with Civilian Aviation Tribunal was repealed in 2001 and replaced with Civil Aviation Tribunal Rules.

One of the main effects of the Act is to enable the Canadian Aviation Regulations.
Clift Andrus
Major General Clift Andrus (October 12, 1890 – September 29, 1968) was a highly decorated senior officer of the United States Army. He is most noted for his service as a commander of 1st Infantry Division at the end of World War II.

In military circles, Andrus was widely known by his nickname, "Mr. Chips".

Fort Sill
Fort Sill is a major United States Army post north of Lawton, Oklahoma, approximately 85 miles (137 km) southwest of Oklahoma City, established in 1869 during the Indian Wars. It covers almost 94,000 acres (38,000 ha) in southwestern Oklahoma and serves as headquarters of the U.S. Army Fires Center of Excellence. The installation is a Basic Combat Training facility, training over 20,000 personnel annually in field artillery, air defense artillery, and electronic warfare.

Fort Sill has participated in every major U.S. conflict since its founding, evolving from a frontier cavalry outpost to a modern training hub. It houses key units including the United States Army Field Artillery School, 75th Field Artillery Brigade (United States), and the 31st Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States). The post also supports a United States Marine Corps detachment for joint artillery training.
Vadym Dovhanyuk
Vadym Dovhanyuk (Ukrainian: Вадим Довганюк. Also known as Vadym Dovganyuk; born January 15, 1987)  is an 11 times world champion  powerlifter and  World Games 2013 champion. He holds 36 unbeaten records in powerlifting and bench press. His personal records are squat – 410 kg, bench press – 335.5 kg, deadlift – 325 kg and total 1050.5 kg.

Bench press
The bench press or chest press is a weight training exercise where a person presses a weight upwards while lying horizontally on a weight training bench. The bench press is a compound movement, with the primary muscles involved being the pectoralis major, the anterior deltoids, and the triceps brachii. Other muscles located in the back, legs and core are involved for stabilization. A barbell is generally used to hold the weight, but a pair of dumbbells can also be used.

The barbell bench press is one of three lifts in the sport of powerlifting alongside the deadlift and the squat, and is the only lift in Paralympic powerlifting. The bench press is also extensively used in weight training, bodybuilding, and other types of training to develop upper body muscles, primarily the pectoralis major. To improve upper body strength, power, and endurance for athletic, occupational, and functional performance as well as muscle development, the barbell bench press is frequently used.
FC Ocean Kerch
FC Ocean Kerch (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Океан» (Керчь)) is a Crimean football team based in Kerch. After the Russian annexation of Crimea was admitted to the Crimean Premier League as a Russian team.

Kerch
Kerch, also known as Kerich, is a city of on the Kerch Peninsula in the east of Crimea. It has a population of 147,033 (2014 Census).

Founded 2,600 years ago as the ancient Greek colony Pantikapaion, Kerch is one of the most ancient cities in Crimea. The city experienced rapid growth starting in the 1920s and was the site of a major battle during World War II.

Today, it is one of the largest cities in Crimea and is among the area's most important industrial, transport and tourist centres. As with the rest of Crimea, it has been occupied by Russian forces since the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Mahamaya Prasad Sinha
Mahamaya Prasad Sinha (1 May 1909 – 1987) was an Indian politician. He was the fifth Chief Minister of Bihar from March 1967 to January 1968 which was the first non congress Government in Bihar. Sinha was a follower of Maharaja Kamakhya Narain Singh and Maharaj Kumar Basant Narain Singh and was a member of their political Jan Kranti Dal. He was elected to the 6th Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from the Patna constituency of Bihar in 1977. Before quitting  Congress, he was among the four prominent leaders of Bihar unit during 1960s, the others being Krishna Ballabh Sahay, Satyendra Narayan Sinha and Binodanand Jha.

6th Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. The 6th Lok Sabha, which ran from 23 March 1977 to 22 August 1979 was elected in February and March 1977. 11 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 6th Lok Sabha after the 1971 Indian general election.

Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister on 24 March 1977 after Janata alliance won 295 seats, 242 more than the previous 5th Lok Sabha.

Charan Singh became the Prime Minister on 28 July 1979 with the support of Indira Gandhi (Congress (I)); but resigned on 20 August 1979 since he was not ready to remove charges against Indira Gandhi and her family from the Emergency days and advised the President to dissolve the Lok Sabha.  The Sixth Lok Sabha was dissolved on 22 August 1979 by the President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy and Charan Singh remained as the caretaker Prime Minister till 14 January 1980, the formation of the next 7th Lok Sabha following the 1980 Indian general election.