hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes
Carranza y Berndhart, S.L., better known by its trading name Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes (HISMA) ("Spanish-Moroccan Transport Company"), was a Spanish-German dummy company set up by the Nazi Party, through the German businessman Johannes Franz Bernhardt, to supply the National faction with arms during the course of the Spanish Civil War.

The company was constituted on 31 July 1936 in the city of Tétouan, capital of the Spanish protectorate of Morocco, with an initial investment of 200,000 pesetas.

Dummy corporation
A dummy corporation, dummy company, or false company is an entity created to serve as a front or cover for one or more companies. It can have the appearance of being real (logo, website, and sometimes employing actual staff), but lacks the capacity to function independently. The dummy corporation's sole purpose is to protect "an individual or another corporation from liability in either contract or import".

Typically, dummy companies are established in an international location—usually by the creator's "attorney or bagman"—to conceal the true owner of the often-illegitimate and empty company.
Grand Forks (electoral district)
Grand Forks was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia centred on the town of Grand Forks, in the Boundary Country between the Okanagan and Kootenay Countries. The riding first appeared as the result of a redistributing of the former West Kootenay (south riding) which also created Greenwood, Rossland City, Nelson City, and Ymir (electoral district) in 1903. In 1924, the area of the Grand Forks riding was merged with that of the Greenwood riding to create Grand Forks-Greenwood. The area is currently represented by West Kootenay-Boundary.

Ymir (electoral district)
Ymir was the name of a provincial electoral district of British Columbia, Canada, located in the West Kootenay region. It is named after Ymir, a village east of Trail and south of Nelson. It made its first appearance on the hustings in the election of 1903 and lasted only until 1912, after which the area was represented by Nelson riding.
Amasius of Teano
Saint Amasius of Teano (Italian: Amasio di Teano) (d. 356) was the second bishop of Teano in Italy.

According to his Vita, Amasius was a Greek who was forced into exile, fleeing the persecution of the Arian Emperor Constantius. Pope Julius I invited him to preach in Campania. In Sora he healed a boy with gout and performed other miracles, but was later expelled by the Arian faction.

In 346 Julius appointed him bishop of Teano in the Province of Caserta in succession to Saint Paris, and consecrated him bishop in the Basilica of Santi Apostoli, Rome. The Sorani, to repair the offense done to him, erected a church in his honor.

Amasius died around 356; his feast day is 23 January.

"In Teano in Campania, commemoration of Saint Amasius, bishop, around 356." (Roman martyrology) His cult is still alive in several dioceses in central Italy.

Pope Julius I
Pope Julius I was the bishop of Rome from 6 February 337 to his death on 12 April 352. He was appealed to by Athanasius when the latter was deposed from his position as patriarch by Arian bishops, Julius then supported Athanasius and condemned his deposition as unjust. He was notable for asserting the authority of the pope over the Arian Eastern bishops, as well as being attributed with the setting of December 25 as the official birthdate of Jesus.
Clerico-nationalism
Clerico-Nationalism, also referred to as traditional French-Canadian nationalism, is a ideological current in Quebec. It was the most dominant form of Quebec Nationalism from the years after World War I until the end of the 1950s, from the premiership of Maurice Duplessis until the Quiet Revolution. Clerico-nationalism is a traditionalist, religious form of French Canadian nationalism focused on the Roman Catholic Church. In France, a similar ideology is referred to as National Catholicism.

National Catholicism
National Catholicism (Spanish: nacionalcatolicismo) was part of the ideological identity of Francoism, the political system through which the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco governed the Spanish State between 1939 and 1975. Its most visible manifestation was the hegemony that the Catholic Church had in all aspects of public and private life. As a symbol of the ideological divisions within Francoism, it can be contrasted to national syndicalism (Spanish: nacionalsindicalismo), an essential component of the ideology and political practice of the Falangists.
Unstoppable Global Warming
Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years is a book about climate change, written by Siegfried Fred Singer and Dennis T. Avery, which asserts that natural changes, rather than CO2 emissions, are the primary cause of global warming. Published by Rowman & Littlefield in 2006, the book sold well and was reprinted in an updated edition in 2007.

The title refers to the hypothesis of 1,500-year climate cycles in the Holocene first postulated by Gerard C. Bond, mainly based on petrologic tracers of drift ice in the North Atlantic.

Heartland Institute
The Heartland Institute is an American conservative and libertarian 501(c)(3) nonprofit public policy think tank known for its rejection of both the scientific consensus on climate change and the negative health impacts of smoking.

Founded in 1984, it worked with tobacco company Philip Morris throughout the 1990s to attempt to discredit the health risks of secondhand smoke and lobby against smoking bans.: 233–234  Since the 2000s, the Heartland Institute has been a leading promoter of climate change denial.
Lope García de Castro
Lope García de Castro (1516 - 8 January 1576) was a Spanish colonial administrator, member of the Council of the Indies and of the Audiencias of Panama and Lima. From September 2, 1564, to November 26, 1569, he was interim viceroy of Peru.

Diego López de Zúñiga, 4th Count of Nieva
Diego López de Zúñiga y Velasco, 4th Count of Nieva (Spanish: Diego López de Zúñiga y Velasco, cuarto conde de Nieva) (c. 1510 – February 20, 1564 in Lima, Peru) was the fourth viceroy of Peru, from April 17, 1561 to his death on February 20, 1564.
Gemini 5
Gemini 5 (officially Gemini V)
was a 1965 crewed spaceflight in NASA's Project Gemini. It was the third crewed Gemini flight, the eleventh crewed American spaceflight (including two X-15 flights above 100 kilometers (54 nmi)), and the nineteenth human spaceflight. It was also the first time an American crewed space mission held the world record for duration, set on August 26, 1965, by breaking the Soviet Union's previous record set by Vostok 5 in 1963. This record might have been one day longer; however, Gemini V was cut short, due to the approach of Hurricane Betsy.

Vostok 5
Vostok 5 (Russian: Восток-5, lit. 'Orient 5' or 'East 5') was a joint mission of the Soviet space program together with Vostok 6; as with the previous pair of Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 the two Vostok spacecraft came close to one another in orbit and established a radio link.

Vostok 5 launched on 14 June 1963, and returned to Earth on 19 June, and was piloted by Valery Bykovsky.
1893 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1893 Indiana Hoosiers football team was an American football team that represented Indiana University Bloomington as a member of the Indiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association (IIAA) during the 1893 college football season. Indiana played six games and compiled a 1–4–1 record, winning a game against the Danville Athletic Club (18–0), tying with Kentucky State College (24–24), and losing games to Purdue (64–0),Butler (38–0), Wabash (24–12), and DePauw (34–0).

1893 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1893 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1893 college football season. Led by three successive head coaches, the team compiled a 5–2–1 record and outscored their opponents by a total of 334 to 144. William P. Finney was the team captain.
2016 Liberty Bowl (December)
The 2016 Liberty Bowl was a post-season American college football bowl game played on December 30, 2016, at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. The 58th edition of the Liberty Bowl featured the Georgia Bulldogs of the Southeastern Conference against the TCU Horned Frogs of the Big 12 Conference. It was one of the 2016–17 bowl games concluding the 2016 FBS football season.  Sponsored by automobile parts and accessories store AutoZone, it was officially known as the AutoZone Liberty Bowl.

Liberty Bowl
The Liberty Bowl is an annual American college football bowl game played in late December or early January since 1959. For its first five years, it was played at Philadelphia Municipal Stadium in Philadelphia before being held at Atlantic City Convention Hall in 1964. Since 1965, the game has been held at Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. Because of the scheduling of the bowl game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015, while two games were played in calendar years 2010 and 2016.

Since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis-based auto parts retailer AutoZone and officially known as the AutoZone Liberty Bowl. Previous sponsors include St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (1993–1996) and AXA Financial (1997–2003).
Kolanjski Gajac
Kolanjski Gajac is a coastal village located on the Croatian island of Pag, in Zadar County. It is part of the municipality of Kolan. As of 2021, it had a population of 16. The settlement was created in 2001 by dividing Gajac between the town of Pag and Novalja.

Pag (island)
Pag (pronounced [pâːɡ]) is a Croatian island in the northern Adriatic Sea. It is the fifth-largest island of the Croatian coast and the one with the longest coastline.

In the 2011 census, the population of the island was 9,059. There are two towns on the island, Pag and Novalja, as well as many smaller villages and tourist places. Pag is the only Croatian island that is administratively divided between two counties. Its northern part belongs to Lika-Senj County, while the central and southern parts belong to Zadar County.
Chlorofluorocarbon
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are fully or partly halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F). They are produced as volatile derivatives of methane, ethane, and propane.

The most common example of a CFC is dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12). R-12, also commonly called Freon, is used as a refrigerant. Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), gaseous fire suppression systems, and solvents. As a result of CFCs contributing to ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the manufacture of such compounds has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, and they are being replaced with other products such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) including R-410A, R-134a and R-1234yf.

2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, HFO-1234yf, is a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) with molecular formula CH2=CFCF3.  Its primary application is as a refrigerant with low global warming potential (GWP).

As a refrigerant, it is designated R-1234yf and marketed under the names Opteon YF by Chemours and as Solstice yf by Honeywell. R-1234yf is also a component of zeotropic refrigerant blend R-454B.

HFO-1234yf has a GWP less than carbon dioxide, itself 1,430 times less potent than R-134a.  For this reason, 2,3,3,3‑tetrafluoropropene is the pre-eminent replacement for R-134a in vehicular air conditioners. As of 2022, 90% of new U.S. vehicles are estimated to use HFO-1234yf.

Unlike previous vehicular refrigerants, 2,3,3,3‑tetrafluoropropene is flammable; how much risk this poses is discussed below. One drawback is it breaks down into short-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), which are persistent organic pollutants.
Seam (sewing)
In sewing, a seam is the join where two or more layers of fabric, leather, or other materials are held together with stitches. Prior to the invention of the sewing machine, all sewing was done by hand. Seams in modern mass-produced household textiles, sporting goods, and ready-to-wear clothing are sewn by computerized machines, while home shoemaking, dressmaking, quilting, crafts, haute couture and tailoring may use a combination of hand and machine sewing.

In clothing construction, seams are classified by their type (plain, lapped, abutted, or French seams) and position in the finished garment (center back seam, inseam, side seam). Seams are finished with a variety of techniques to prevent raveling of raw fabric edges and to neaten the inside of garments.

The most common standard for seams is ASTM International ASTM D6193-16(2020)  This standard  also covers various types of stitches

Dressmaker
A dressmaker, also known as a seamstress, is a person who makes clothing for women, such as dresses, blouses, and evening gowns. Dressmakers were historically known as mantua-makers, and are also known as a modiste or fabrician.
White Cloud Peak 10
White Cloud Peak 10, also known as WCP 10, at 11,102 feet (3,384 m) above sea level is an unofficially named peak in the White Cloud Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County 0.53 mi (0.85 km) south of Calkins Peak, its line parent. It is the 89th highest peak in Idaho. Sheep Lake is directly south of the peak, and Tin Cup Lake is directly north of the peak.

Sawtooth National Recreation Area
The Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) is a national recreation area in central Idaho, United States that is managed as part of Sawtooth National Forest. The recreation area, established on August 22, 1972, is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, and includes the Sawtooth, Hemingway–Boulders, and Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds wilderness areas. Activities within the 730,864-acre (2,957.70 km2) recreation area include hiking, backpacking, White water rafting, camping, rock climbing, kayaking, mountain biking, fishing, and hunting.

The SNRA headquarters are about seven miles (11 km) north of Ketchum on Highway 75. SNRA also has a ranger station in Stanley, near its northern boundary.
Ripponpet
Ripponpeté is a small town in Hosanagara Taluk, Shivamogga district, Karnataka, India. It is center point of four taluks: Shimoga, Sagara, Thirthahalli, and Hosanagara. The town is a gateway to the Malenadu (Malnad) region of India and named after George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon.

Shimoga
Shimoga, officially Shivamogga (Kannada: [ʃiʋɐmoɡːɐ]), is a city and the district headquarters of Shimoga district in the Karnataka state of India. The city lies on the banks of the Tunga River. Being the gateway for the hilly region of the Western Ghats, the city is popularly nicknamed the "Gateway of Malnad". The population of Shimoga city is 322,650 as per 2011 census. The city has been selected for the Smart Cities Mission standing in the fourth position in the state and 25th in the country as of November 2020.

The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut and coconut groves. It is located 267 km from the state capital Bangalore and 195 km from the port city Mangalore.
1998 Six Hours at the Glen
The 1998 6 Hours of the Glen (formally known as the First Union 6 Hours of the Glen) was the fifth and final race for the 1998 United States Road Racing Championship season. It took place on August 23, 1998, at Watkins Glen International.

1998 United States Road Racing Championship
The 1998 United States Road Racing Championship season was the inaugural season of the revived United States Road Racing Championship run by the Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) and also the first North American sports car endurance split era.  The season involved four classes: Can-Am prototypes and three Grand Touring classes referred to at GT1, GT2, and GT3.  Five races were run from January 31, 1998, to August 23, 1998.
2023 Taichung crane collapse
On May 10, 2023, a construction crane fell 30 floors from a construction site of Highwealth Construction Corp onto a moving Taichung MRT Green line train south of Feng-le Park metro station, Taichung, Taiwan, killing 1 and injuring 10 passengers on board.

The deceased passenger, legal scholar Lin Shu-ya, 52, was ejected out of the train carriage upon impact, resulting in her being crushed under the same train.

One passenger on board, a Canadian national, claimed that the driverless train was stationary when the crane fell onto the tracks and the train then proceeded to drive and collide straight onto the fallen crane.

Green line (Taichung MRT)
The Green line of the Taichung MRT is a medium-capacity rapid transit line in Taichung. The line was briefly opened to the public on 16 November 2020, but closed on 22 November due to faulty couplers on the trains. The line officially re-entered service on 25 April 2021, becoming Taiwan's fifth rapid transit system in operation. Two extensions, one heading east to Dakeng and the other reaching south into Changhua, are also planned.
Roemheld syndrome
Roemheld syndrome (RS), or gastrocardiac syndrome, or gastric cardiac syndrome or Roemheld–Techlenburg–Ceconi syndrome or gastric-cardia, was a medical syndrome first coined by Ludwig von Roemheld (1871–1938) describing a cluster of cardiovascular symptoms stimulated by gastrointestinal changes. Although it is a previously overlooked medical diagnosis, recent studies have described similar clinical presentations and highlighted potential underlying mechanisms.

Premature heart beat
A premature heart beat or extrasystole is a heart rhythm disorder corresponding to a premature contraction of one of the chambers of the heart. Premature heart beats come in two different types: premature atrial contractions and premature ventricular contractions. Often they cause no symptoms but may present with fluttering in the chest or a skipped beat. They typically have no long-term complications.

They most often happen naturally but may be associated with caffeine, nicotine, or stress. Usually no treatment is needed. They are the most common arrhythmia.
1977 New Jersey Senate election
The 1977 New Jersey Senate election coincided with Brendan Byrne's re-election to a second term as Governor of New Jersey.

The election coincided with Governor Brendan Byrne's re-election over Senator Raymond Bateman. Byrne narrowly survived a primary election that eliminated seven incumbent Democratic Senators. Despite the intra-party division and early polls indicating Byrne was an underdog in the general election, Byrne survived and the Democrats preserved their large majority in the Senate, with Republicans only gaining three seats. Republicans flipped districts 6, 10, 14, and 23, while Democrats flipped districts 30 (from a Democrat-turned-independent) and 35.

This is the last time Democrats held a veto-proof majority in the chamber. Democrats chose Joseph P. Merlino as the Senate President and Carmen Orechio as Majority Leader; Republicans named Garrett Hagedorn as Minority Leader.

1978 United States Senate election in New Jersey
The 1978 United States Senate election in New Jersey was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Senator Clifford P. Case ran for re-election to a fifth term in office, narrowly losing the Republican primary by anti-tax conservative Jeff Bell, who lost the general election to Democrat Bill Bradley. Bell was the unsuccessful Republican nominee for this seat again in 2014.

Primary elections were held on June 6, 1978. Case was defeated by Bell, a political novice forty years his junior, while Bradley easily won the Democratic primary over State Treasurer Richard Leone and state senator Alexander Menza.

This was the first time Democrats won this seat since 1936, and the first time since 1938 that Democrats held both seats in the state.
Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty
The Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty (SEAFET) was an unratified international treaty intended to create a economic grouping consisting of Southeast Asian states. It was proposed by Tunku Abdul Rahman as an independent economic regional organization, however as failures of its ineffectiveness would later become a de-facto arm of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) in the matters of economic cooperation. The treaty would later be repurposed to create the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), the precursor of ASEAN.

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
Amalsad
Amalsad (Gujarati: અમલસાડ Amalsāḍ) is a Village in Gujarat, India. It is located in the Gandevi sub-district of Navsari. It is a prominent rail junction on the Mumbai-Vadodara line of the Western Railway (India). The three closest localities to Amalsad are Gandevi, Kachholi, and Billimora. It is famous as the center of Sapodilla trade and exports in the local area of Gujarat, where 5 to 6 tons of Sapodilla get sold in a day during the season. It is also the birthplace of famous Gujarati artist Kalaguru Shri Jashubhai Naik.

Navsari
Navsari  is the ninth biggest city in the state of Gujarat in India. It is the administrative headquarters of Navsari District. Navsari is between Surat and Mumbai. It is a twin city of Surat, 37 km to the south. At the 2011 Census of India, Navsari was the 16th biggest city of Gujarat state. It ranked 10th most populous city of Gujarat in the 1991 Census of India and 2001 Census of India. Dandi village near Navsari was the focal point of the great Salt March led by Mahatma Gandhi during civil disobedience movement of India.
Aidan Nesbitt
Aidan Robert Nesbitt (born 5 February 1997) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish Premiership club Falkirk.

He has previously played for Partick Thistle, Dundee United, Milton Keynes Dons and Greenock Morton, after progressing through the Celtic youth academy.

2014–15 Scottish Youth Cup
The 2014–15 Scottish Youth Cup was the 32nd season of the Scottish Youth Cup, the national knockout tournament at youth level organised by the Scottish Football Association for its full and associate member clubs. The tournament was for the under-20 age group, to complement current youth development strategies, having formerly been an under-19 competition. Players born after 1 January 1995 were eligible to play.

Celtic won the cup, defeating Rangers after a 5-2 win in the final.