hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
B-MAC
B-MAC is a form of analog video encoding, specifically a type of Multiplexed Analogue Components (MAC) encoding. MAC encoding was designed in the mid 80s for use with Direct Broadcast Satellite systems. Other analog video encoding systems include NTSC, PAL and SECAM. Unlike the Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) method used in those, MAC encoding uses a Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) method.

B-MAC was a proprietary MAC encoding used by Scientific-Atlanta for encrypting broadcast video services; the full name was "Multiple Analogue Component, Type B".

Luma (video)
In video, luma () represents the brightness in an image (the "black-and-white" or achromatic portion of the image). Luma is typically paired with chrominance. Luma represents the achromatic image, while the chroma components represent the color information. Converting R′G′B′ sources (such as the output of a three-CCD camera) into luma and chroma allows for chroma subsampling: because human vision has finer spatial sensitivity to luminance ("black and white") differences than chromatic differences, video systems can store and transmit chromatic information at lower resolution, optimizing perceived detail at a particular bandwidth.
Bremenium
Bremenium (High Rochester) is an ancient Roman fort (castrum) located at Rochester, Northumberland, England. The fort is part of the defensive system built along the extension of Dere Street, a Roman road running from York to Corbridge and onwards to Melrose. Significantly the fort is a long way north of Hadrian's Wall. It was one of the last forts north of Hadrian's Wall to remain occupied until the 270s.

The fort's name, Bremenium, is mentioned in the Ravenna Cosmography, the Antonine Itinerary and Ptolemy's Geographia.

A separate Roman road ran eastwards from Bremenium to the Roman fort at Learchild, where it joined up with the Devil's Causeway Roman road to Berwick upon Tweed.

Coria (Corbridge)
54°58′42″N 2°01′59″W﻿ / ﻿54.9784°N 2.03316°W﻿ / 54.9784; -2.03316

Coria was a fort and town 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Hadrian's Wall, in the Roman province of Britannia. It was strategically located on the junction of a major Roman north–south road (Dere Street) with the River Tyne and the Roman Stanegate road, which was also the first frontier line which ran east–west between Coria and Luguvalium (the modern Carlisle). Corbridge Roman Site is in the village of Corbridge in the county of Northumberland.

It is in the guardianship of English Heritage and is partially exposed as a visitor attraction, including a site museum.
2019 OEC Taipei WTA Challenger
The 2019 OEC Taipei WTA Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 12th edition of the tournament and part of the 2019 WTA 125K series, offering a total of $125,000 in prize money. It took place at the Taipei Arena in Taipei, Taiwan, on 11–17 November 2019.

Taipei Open
The Taipei Open or Taipei WTA Challenger (Chinese: 台北海碩網球公開賽) was a tournament for female professional tennis players played on indoor carpet courts. The event was classified as a WTA 125 tournament, and held annually in November in Taipei City, from 2008 until 2015, and was sponsored by the OEC Group. In 2012, the event was upgraded from a $100k ITF tournament to a WTA Challenger tournament. Its final edition took place in 2019.
Kamdou Veng
Kamdou Veng is a town ward within the Churachandpur Town (also called Lamka) in the Indian state of Manipur. Kamdou Veng is sometimes referred to as Phiamphu Veng. The locality has a high concentration of ethnic Zou and Thado communities. Kamdo veng is located close to other Zou settlement sites like Hiangzou, New Zoveng and Zoumunnuam. There are more than 500 households and is one of the most populous villages among the Zou people. It was established in 1993 under the chairmanship of Shri Kamzadou Phiamphu.

24°21′25″N 93°42′22″E﻿ / ﻿24.357°N 93.706°E﻿ / 24.357; 93.706

Hiangzou
Hiangzou is a ward within Churachandpur town (also called Lamka) in Manipur, India. Situated on the bank of the Khuga (Tuitha) river, this residential settlement developed from paddy fields. Its first settler, Upa P. Tuahchinhau, moved to Hiangzou on 31 January 1999. More settlers joined within a couple of years.

Hiangzou became "a full fledged hill house tax paying village" on 10 July 2007 Village Authorities in Hill Areas) Act 1956.
Quebec Route 259
Route 259 is a north–south highway on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada. Its northern terminus is in Nicolet at the junction of Route 132 and its southern terminus is in Notre-Dame-du-Bon-Conseil at the junction of Route 122.

Quebec Route 122
Route 122 is an east/west highway on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada. Its western terminus is at the junction of Route 132 in Yamaska and the eastern terminus is in Victoriaville at the junction of Route 116. The highway acts mainly as the main link between Drummondville and Sorel-Tracy, and somewhat as a major link between Victoriaville and Drummondville.
Nasa Q'ara
Nasa Q'ara (Aymara nasa nose, q'ara bare, bald, also spelled Nasacara, Nasaq'ara) is a 5,156-metre-high (16,916 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Pucarani Municipality. Nasa Q'ara is situated south-west of the mountain Chiqapa and north-east of the mountain Ch'iyar K'ark'a. It lies north of the lake Allqa Quta and south of a small lake named Khunu Quta ("snow lake").

Cordillera Real (Bolivia)
The Cordillera Real is a mountain range in the South American Altiplano of Bolivia, forming part of the Andes. This range of fold mountains, largely composed of granite, is located southeast of Lake Titicaca, and east of the Bolivian capital of La Paz. The range stretches 125 km in length and 20 km in width. Even though it is only 17° south of the Equator, the Cordillera Real is relatively densely glaciated. This is due to its proximity to the Amazon lowlands with its associated moist air masses.
Rubus particeps
Rubus particeps is rare North American species of brambles in the rose family. It has been found only in the State of Connecticut in the northeastern United States, and the Province of Nova Scotia in eastern Canada.

The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
State Highway 32 (Rajasthan)
State Highway 32 (RJ SH 32, SH-32) is a state highway in Rajasthan state of India that connects Chawa in Pali district of Rajasthan with Ganoda in Banswara district of Rajasthan. The total length of RJ SH 32 is 219 km.

This highway connects RJ SH 16 in Sadri to RJ SH 10 in Banswara. It also connects National Highway 76 in Gogunda to National Highway 8 Udaipur and then to National Highway 113 in Banswara. It is crossing different state highways on the way to Banswara RJ SH 62 in Sadri, RJ SH 50 in Udaipur, RJ SH 53 in Salumbar and RJ SH 54 in Aspur. Other cities and towns on this highway are: Ranakpur, Gogunda, Udaipur, Jaisamand, Kherad, Salumbar, Aspur, Sabala, Lohariya and Ganoda.

Gogunda
Gogunda is a town and tehsil headquarters of Gogunda Tehsil in Udaipur district, located about 35 km (22 mi) in north-west from Udaipur city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated on a high mountain in Aravalli hills and is reached by crossing a difficult mountain pass.
15th Infantry Division (Thailand)
The 15th Infantry Division (Thai: กองพลทหารราบที่ 15) (พล.ร.๑๕.) is an infantry division of the Royal Thai Army (RTA) that specialized in border security, combined arms, and counterinsurgency. It is currently a part of the Fourth Army Area.

The unit is composed of the 151st Infantry Regiment, 152nd Infantry Regiment and 153rd Infantry Regiment, Service Support Regiment, and has its own battalion-level military intelligence unit.

The division engaged in the South Thailand insurgency.

Pattani province
Pattani (Thai: ปัตตานี, pronounced [pàt.tāː.nīː]; Pattani Malay: ڤطاني, 'ตานิง, Taning, pronounced [ˈtːaniŋ]; Malay: Patani) is one of the southern provinces of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from southeast clockwise) Narathiwat, Yala, and Songkhla.  Its capital is the town of Pattani.
Donghu New Technology Development Zone
Donghu New Technology Development Zone (Chinese: 东湖新技术产业开发区), also referred to as Optics Valley (Chinese: 光谷; pinyin: Guānggǔ) or Guanggu, is a New Technology Development Zone in Wuhan, China. It was established in 1988. In 1991 it was approved as one of the National Economic and Technological Development Zones of China. In 2011 it was designated as a New Technology Development Zone for Optical technology, and since then self-labeled as the "Optics Valley" of China.

The Development Zone is situated east of Wuchang District in Wuhan, west of Ezhou, north of Jiangxia District, south of Donghu (East Lake).

The authority of the Development Zone has registered "Guanggu" as its trademark since 2009.

National Economic and Technological Development Zones
The National Economic and Technological Development Zones (simplified Chinese: 国家级经济技术开发区; traditional Chinese: 國家級經濟技術開發區; pinyin: Guójiājí Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifā Qū) are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged.  They are usually called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones" or simply the "Development Zones" (开发区; Kāifā Qū).

These national level programs started with the Special Economic Zones for three cities in 1978, as part of the reform and opening up, and were extended to the Economic and Technological Development Zones in 14 cities in 1984.
National Television of Cambodia
The National Television of Cambodia (TVK; Khmer: ទូរទស្សន៍ជាតិកម្ពុជា, ទទក) is the national television station of Cambodia. It is owned and operated by the government of Cambodia in Phnom Penh together with the national radio station, National Radio of Cambodia (RNK; Khmer: វិទ្យុជាតិកម្ពុជា). TVK is member of the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union (ABU).

TVK broadcasts nine hours on weekdays and seventeen hours on weekends. On weekdays it is separated into two sessions, morning session from 11:30 to 14:30, and evening session from 17:00 to 23:00, and on weekends it broadcasts in one section from 6:00 to 23:00. Reruns are also broadcast at night.

Mondulkiri province
Mondulkiri (Khmer: មណ្ឌលគិរី, UNGEGN: Môndôlkĭri, ALA-LC: Maṇḍalagirī [mɔndɔl.kiriː]; lit. 'Center of Mountains') is a province (khaet) of Cambodia. Bordering the provinces of Kratié to the west, Stung Treng to the northwest, Ratanakiri to the north, and the country of Vietnam to the east and south. It is the most sparsely populated province in the country despite being the largest in land area. The province was established in 1961 from the eastern part of Kratié province. The capital is the town of Senmonorom.

The province's symbol is the kouprey which is also Cambodia's national mammal.
Thermopsis rhombifolia
Thermopsis rhombifolia, also known as prairie thermopsis, is a flowering plant in the legume family. It is native to North America, where it is found in the Great Plains, with extensions into the lower canyons of the Rocky Mountains. Its natural habitat is dry grasslands and woodlands.

It is a perennial herb that produces yellow flowers in the spring.

Abdominal pain
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases. Given that, approaching the examination of a person and planning of a differential diagnosis is extremely important.

Common causes of pain in the abdomen include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome. About 15% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, or ectopic pregnancy. In a third of cases, the exact cause is unclear.
2014 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 5000 m
The women's 5000 meter at the 2014 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Sunday 27 October 2013. Although this tournament was held in 2013, it was part of the 2013–2014 speed skating season.

There were 10 participants. There was a qualification selection incentive for the next following 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.

Title holder was Marije Joling.

2014 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships
The 2014 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships were held at the Thialf ice stadium in Heerenveen from 25 October until 27 October 2013. Although the tournament was held in 2013 it was the 2014 edition as it is part of the 2013/2014 speed skating season.
Kundara
Kundara is a satellite town in Kerala and is part of the Kollam Metropolitan Area, India. Kundara is situated at the eastern end of Kollam city. Kundara is significant for its historic involvement in the Indian independence movement.

Kundara was once the industrial hub of Southern Kerala, which was the home to prominent industrial companies including Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company, The Aluminium Industries Limited, Kundara(commonly known as ALIND), The Kerala Ceramics Limited and the Lakshmi Starch company. Many of these companies have closed down or turned into sick industries. Kundara is attempting to revive this industrial tradition and glory of bygone era now by developing Technopark Kollam and The Kerala Ceramics Limited.

Kundara is also famous for backwater fishing since it is located on the shores of Kanjiracode Lake, a branch of Ashtamudi Lake.  This lake recently received Marine Stewardship council recognition for sustainable fishing.

Kollam–Sengottai Chord Line
The Kollam–Sengottai railway line (formerly known as Quilon–Shencottah or Quilon–Chenkotta line) is part of Kollam-Chennai railway line in South India that connects Kollam Junction in Kerala state and Sengottai (also spelled Shencottah, Shenkottai, Chengotta, Chenkottai, Senkottai) in Tamil Nadu. The Quilon–Shencottah railway line was the first railway line in the erstwhile Travancore state and is more than a century old. The Kollam–Sengottai section is part of the Kollam–Chennai metre-gauge rail route commissioned by the British in 1904. The line has been completely converted to broad gauge and is now fully operational from Kollam Junction to Shengottai. It is going to be the important cargo transportation line connecting Vizhinjam container port and South Indian States.
Feitouman
The Feitouman (Chinese: 飛頭蠻; pinyin: Fēitóumán) or Hitoban (Japanese reading) is a yaoguai or legendary creature found in Chinese folklore. It is also known as the Luotoumin (Chinese: 落頭民; pinyin: Luòtóumín; lit. 'Drop-Head People') or Chongluo (Chinese: 虫落; pinyin: Chóngluò).

While they usually appear in the form of humans, their heads separate from their bodies at night and fly through the air, returning to the body by morning.

In Search of the Supernatural
In Search of the Supernatural (traditional Chinese: 搜神記; simplified Chinese: 搜神记; pinyin: Sōushén Jì; Wade–Giles: Sou-shên Chi; Jyutping: sau2 san4 gei3; lit. 'Record(s) of Searching for the Spirits'), is a 4th-century Chinese compilation of legends, short stories, and hearsay concerning Chinese gods, ghosts, and other supernatural phenomena in the zhiguai and chuanqi styles. Although the authorship of the book is not made explicit in the text, it is believed to have been written and compiled by Gan Bao, a historian at the court of Emperor Yuan of the Jin dynasty around AD 350. It was reissued in numerous editions, including in 1593. The book usually consists of 464 stories.

The English translation by Kenneth J. DeWoskin and J. I. Crump, Jr. was published in 1996. The book is also known as In Search of the Sacred and Anecdotes about Spirits and Immortals.
Greatest Hits (Anna Abreu album)
Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by Finnish singer-songwriter Anna Abreu, released in Finland by RCA on February 22, 2012. The album contains all of the singles released from Abreu's four previous studio albums (Anna Abreu, Now, Just a Pretty Face? and Rush) along with several album tracks that were favourites of Abreu's. The album was released in two formats: a CD only version containing eighteen tracks, or a 2-disc CD/DVD version which also includes Abreu's eight music videos and a documentary. The album would be Abreu's final release under her recording contract with RCA, as she moved to Warner Bros. Records later in 2012.

Rush (Anna Abreu album)
Rush is the fourth studio album by Finnish singer Anna Abreu, released in Finland by RCA on March 30, 2011. The album was preceded by the lead single "Hysteria" in January 2011.

The album was produced by Jukka Immonen, who is known for his work with Finnish singer Jenni Vartiainen. Principal photography for the album, including its cover and those of its lead single "Hysteria", was completed in Thailand in December 2010.
Multi-index notation
Multi-index notation is a mathematical notation that simplifies formulas used in multivariable calculus, partial differential equations and the theory of distributions, by generalising the concept of an integer index to an ordered tuple of indices.

Mathematical notation
Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics, science, and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way.

For example, the physicist Albert Einstein's formula  is the quantitative representation in mathematical notation of mass–energy equivalence.

Mathematical notation was first introduced by François Viète at the end of the 16th century and largely expanded during the 17th and 18th centuries by René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and overall Leonhard Euler.
Gilligan's Wake
Gilligan's Wake (ISBN 0-312-29123-X) is a 2003 novel, loosely based on the 1960s CBS sitcom Gilligan's Island, written by Esquire film and television critic Tom Carson. The title is derived from the title of the TV show and Finnegans Wake, the final work of Irish novelist James Joyce. The novel was published subsequently as a paperback in 2004 (ISBN 0-312-31114-1).

Carson's text contains several deviations from the TV series' established canon, including Ginger Grant being born in a fictional small town in Alabama (rather than New York City as depicted in the show); and the surname and birthplace of Mary Ann Summers. Whether these were errors of research or deliberate changes on Carson's part is unclear.

Lovey Howell
Lovey Howell (née Wentworth), is a fictional character from the 1964 television show Gilligan's Island played by Natalie Schafer. The character is a rich socialite married to millionaire businessman Thurston Howell III.
Thalmus Rasulala
Thalmus Rasulala (born Jack Crowder; November 15, 1939 – October 9, 1991) was an American actor with a long career in theater, television, and films. Noted for starring roles in blaxploitation films, he was also an original cast member of ABC's soap opera One Life to Live from its premiere in 1968 until he left the show in 1970.

Sanford and Son
Sanford and Son is an American sitcom television series that was produced by Tandem Productions and aired on NBC from January 14, 1972, to March 25, 1977. It was based on the British sitcom Steptoe and Son, which initially aired on BBC1, in the United Kingdom, from 1962 to 1974.

Known for its racial humor, running gags, and catchphrases, the series was adapted by Norman Lear and considered NBC's response to CBS's All in the Family. Sanford and Son has been hailed as the precursor to many other Black American sitcoms. It was a hit through its six-season run, finishing in the Nielsen top ten five times.

The series follows Fred G. Sanford, known for his bigotry and cantankerousness, and Lamont Sanford, his long-suffering, conscientious, peacemaker son. Both characters are occasionally involved in get-rich-quick schemes to pay off their various debts.

The show also includes characters Aunt Esther, Grady Wilson, Bubba Bexley, Rollo Lawson, Donna Harris, and Julio Fuentes.
Ixtlilton
Ixtlilton (Nahuatl languages: Īxtlīltōn pronounced [iːʃˈt͡ɬiːɬtoːn],"ink at the face", from īxtli, "face", "eye", tlīlli, "black ink", and -tōn, diminutive suffix) in Aztec mythology is a god of medicine and healing and therefore was often alluded to as the brother of Macuilxochitl, the god of well-being or good luck. Ixtlilton was a gentle god, who emanated from an obsidian mask which brought darkness and peaceful sleep to children in their beds at night.

Xōchipilli
Xōchipilli [ʃoːt͡ʃiˈpilːi] is the god of beauty, youth, love, passion, sex, sexuality,  homosexuality, fertility, arts, song, music, dance, painting, writing, games, playfulness, nature, vegetation and flowers in Aztec mythology. His name contains the Nahuatl words xōchitl ("flower") and pilli (either "prince" or "child") and hence means "flower prince".
Symphony song
The English symphony song was a musical genre of baroque music best known in the compositions of Henry Purcell and his contemporaries including his teacher John Blow. In the symphony song voices and continuo were enriched with ritornelli for violins or a pair of recorders. Among the earliest symphony songs are four published by Oxford composer Henry Bowman in 1677. John Blow's most notable early example is "Awake, awake my lyre". The symphony song was a genre mainly linked to the Restoration royal court, just as the symphony anthem was linked to the English Chapel Royal. Purcell's symphony songs were probably written for performance by members of the Private Music in the royal apartments.

Examples of symphony songs include the symphony anthems of Pelham Humfrey, and eight extant works by Purcell including "How pleasant is this flowery plain", "Go Perjured Man" and "If Ever I more Riches did Desire."

Basso continuo
Basso continuo is a harmonic musical structure, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), that generally consisted of a bassline and a chord progression. The phrase is often shortened to continuo, and the instrumentalists playing the continuo part are called the continuo group.