hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a method of corneal transplantation that involves the removal of a thin sheet of tissue from the posterior (innermost) side of a person's cornea to replace it with the two posterior (innermost) layers of corneal tissue from a donor's eyeball.

The two exchanged corneal layers are the Descemet's membrane and the corneal endothelium. The person's corneal tissue is gently excised, peeled off, and replaced with the donor tissue via small 'clear corneal incisions' (small corneal incisions just anterior to the corneal limbus. The donor tissue is tamponaded against the person's exposed posterior corneal stroma by injecting a small air bubble into the anterior chamber. To ensure the air tamponade is effective, people must maintain such a posture that they look up at the ceiling during recovery until the air bubble has fully resorbed.

Corneal endothelium
The corneal endothelium is a single layer of endothelial cells on the inner surface of the cornea.  It faces the chamber formed between the cornea and the iris.

The corneal endothelium are specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that line the posterior surface of the cornea and face the anterior chamber of the eye.  The corneal endothelium governs fluid and solute transport across the posterior surface of the cornea and maintains the cornea in the slightly dehydrated state that is required for optical transparency.
Ștefan Lătescu
Ștefan Lătescu (born 25 December 2001) is a Romanian professional kickboxer, former boxer, and former Muay Thai and kempo practitioner, currently signed to GLORY. A former amateur in two sports, Lătescu notched over 150 wins in amateur kickboxing, and is the youngest senior heavyweight champion in the amateur boxing history of Romania. He is still undefeated nationally in boxing.

As of 1 December 2025, Lătescu is ranked the #7 light-heavyweight in the world.

2020 in Romanian kickboxing
The 2020 season was the 18th season of competitive kickboxing in Romania. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania, the promotions went on hiatus. They resumed holding events after the middle of the year.
17th Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 17th Indiana Infantry Regiment, also known as 17th Indiana Mounted Infantry Regiment, was an infantry and mounted infantry regiment that served in the Union Army from 1863 to 1865 during the American Civil War. It served in West Virginia before being transferred to the Western Theater. In that theater, it was known for its membership in the "Lightning Brigade."

Atlanta campaign
The Atlanta campaign was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War throughout northwest Georgia and the area around Atlanta during the summer of 1864. Union Maj. Gen.  William Tecumseh Sherman invaded Georgia from the vicinity of Chattanooga, Tennessee, beginning in May 1864, opposed by the Confederate general Joseph E. Johnston.

Johnston's Army of Tennessee withdrew toward Atlanta in the face of successive flanking maneuvers by Sherman's group of armies. In July, the Confederate president, Jefferson Davis, replaced Johnston with the more aggressive General John B. Hood, who began challenging the Union Army in a series of costly frontal assaults. Hood's army was eventually besieged in Atlanta and the city fell on September 2, setting the stage for Sherman's March to the Sea and hastening the end of the war.
Villa General Belgrano
Villa General Belgrano is a mountain village in the valley of Calamuchita in the Province of Córdoba in central Argentina. As of 2010 it had 8,257 inhabitants.
The settlement is named after Manuel Belgrano, the Argentine independence hero and designer of the Argentine flag.

Oktoberfest
Oktoberfest (German pronunciation: [ɔkˈtoːbɐˌfɛst] ⓘ; Bavarian: Oktobafest/d'Wiesn) is the world's largest Volksfest. It combines a beer festival with a fun fair and is held annually in Munich on the Theresienwiese from mid-September to the first Sunday in October.

The event draws around seven million visitors each year. In 2023, attendance reached a record 7.2 million. Visitors consumed approximately 7.4 million litres of beer. The festival features amusement rides, games, food stalls, and traditional Bavarian dishes.

The first Oktoberfest was held on 12 October 1810 to celebrate the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig and Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen. Since then, the festival has been cancelled on multiple occasions, most recently in 2020 and 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
MAS Pydna Kitros F.C.
MAS Pydna Kitros F.C. was a Greek football club, based in Kitros, Pieria.

The club was founded in 1977. In 2017 summer, its TIN was bought by agents that wanted to create a new club in Volos. The new club was named Volos NFC

Pieria (regional unit)
Pieria (Greek: Πιερία) is one of the regional units of Greece located in the southern part of the Region of Central Macedonia, within the historical province of Macedonia. Its capital is the town of Katerini. The name Pieria originates from the ancient Pieres tribe. In Pieria, there are many sites of archeological interest, such as Dion, Pydna, Leivithra and Platamonas. Pieria contains Mount Pierus, from which Hermes takes flight in order to visit Calypso, and is the home of Orpheus,  the Muses, and contains the Pierian Spring. Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece and throne of the ancient Greek gods, is located in the southern part of Pieria. Other ancient cities included Leibethra and Pimpleia.
The Comsat Angels
The Comsat Angels were an English post-punk band from Sheffield, South Yorkshire, initially active from 1978 to 1995. Their music has been described as "abstract pop songs with sparse instrumentation, many of which were bleak and filled with some form of heartache". They have been credited as being an influence on later post-punk revival bands such as Blacklist, Bell Hollow, Editors and Interpol.

The Comsat Angels toured heavily in the UK and western Europe, especially in the Netherlands; the band's two concerts in August 1982 in Iceland had a strong influence on the music scene in Reykjavík. They also toured the United States twice. Their music has been extensively reissued and recompiled since 1995 by various record labels.

Cherry Red Records
Cherry Red Records is a British independent record label founded in Malvern, Worcestershire by Iain McNay in 1978. The label has released recordings by Dead Kennedys, Everything but the Girl, The Monochrome Set, and Felt, among others, as well as the compilation album Pillows & Prayers. In addition to releasing new music, Cherry Red also acts as an umbrella for individual imprints and catalogue specialists.

Cherry Red was listed by Music Week as one of the UK's top ten record companies in Q1 2015 for sales of artist albums.
I'll be back
"I'll be back" is a catchphrase associated with Arnold Schwarzenegger. It was made famous in the 1984 science fiction film The Terminator. On June 21,  2005, it was placed at No. 37 on the American Film Institute list AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes. Schwarzenegger uses the same line, or some variant of it, in many of his later films.

AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes
Part of the American Film Institute's 100 Years... series, AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes is a list of the top 100 quotations in American cinema. The American Film Institute revealed the list on June 21, 2005, in a three-hour television program on CBS. The program was hosted by Pierce Brosnan and had commentary from many Hollywood actors and filmmakers. A jury consisting of 1,500 film artists, critics, and historians selected "Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn", spoken by Clark Gable as Rhett Butler in the 1939 American Civil War epic Gone with the Wind, as the most memorable American movie quotation of all time.
Motif (textile arts)
In the textile arts, a motif (pronunciation)ⓘ (also called a block or square) is a smaller element in a much larger work. In knitting and crochet,  motifs are made one at a time and joined together to create larger works such as afghan blankets or shawls. An example of a motif is the granny square. Motifs may be varied or rotated for contrast and variety, or to create new shapes, as with quilt blocks in quilts and quilting. Contrast with motif-less crazy quilting.

Motifs can be any size, but usually all the motifs in any given work are the same size. The patterns and stitches used in a motif may vary greatly, but there is almost always some unifying element, such as texture, stitch pattern, or colour, which gives the finished piece more aesthetic appeal. Motifs may commemorate events or convey information or political slogans. For example, the individual blocks of the AIDS Memorial Quilt, the possible Quilts of the Underground Railroad, and the "54-40 or Fight" quilt block.

Textile arts
Textile arts are arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects.

Textiles have been a fundamental part of human life since the beginning of civilization. The methods and materials used to make them have expanded enormously, while the functions of textiles have remained the same, there are many functions for textiles. Whether it be clothing or something decorative for the house/shelter. The history of textile arts is also the history of international trade.  Tyrian purple dye was an important trade good in the ancient Mediterranean. The Silk Road brought Chinese silk to India, Africa, and Europe, and, conversely, Sogdian silk to China. Tastes for imported luxury fabrics led to sumptuary laws during the Middle Ages and Renaissance.  The Industrial Revolution was shaped largely by innovation in textiles technology: the cotton gin, the spinning jenny, and the power loom mechanized production and led to the Luddite rebellion.
1921 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 8
The 1921 Tour de France was the 15th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a flat stage on 26 June, and Stage 8 occurred on 10 July with a flat stage to Toulon. The race finished in Paris on 24 July.

1921 Tour de France
The 1921 Tour de France was the 15th edition of the Tour de France, taking place 26 June to 24 July. The total distance was 5,485 km (3,408 mi) and the average speed of the riders was 24.720 km/h. The race was won by Belgian Leon Scieur. The Belgians dominated the entire race, partly due to the absence of the French Pélissier brothers, who were on bad terms with the Tour organisation. Scieur's victory was largely uncontested; Hector Heusghem came close after the sixth stage, but lost time later. The organisation tried to get the cyclists to attack more by several means, but this failed.
Glass harmonica
The glass harmonica, also known as the glass armonica, glass harmonium, bowl organ, hydrocrystalophone, or simply the armonica or harmonica is a type of musical instrument that uses a series of glass bowls or goblets graduated in size to produce musical tones by means of friction (instruments of this type are known as friction idiophones). It was invented in 1761 by Benjamin Franklin and produces sound similar to the Glockenspiel.

Empfindsamkeit (music)
Empfindsamkeit (English: sentimental style) or Empfindsamer Stil is a style of musical composition and poetry developed in 18th-century Germany, intended to express "true and natural" feelings, and featuring sudden contrasts of mood. It was developed as a contrast to the Baroque Affektenlehre (doctrine of the affections), in which a composition (or movement) would have the same affect (e.g., emotion or musical mood) throughout.
Rungapapa Knoll
Rungapapa Knoll, also known as Rungapapa Seamount, is a submarine volcano in New Zealand's Bay of Plenty. It lies 17 km (11 mi) west-southwest of Whakaari / White Island.

The seamount is of Pleistocene age and no eruptions are known to have occurred from it in recorded history. An internal heat source exists inside the volcano.

Submarine volcano
Water vapor cloud

Water

Stratum

Lava flow

Magma conduit

Magma chamber

Dike

Pillow lava

Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. Although most submarine volcanoes are located in the depths of seas and oceans, some also exist in shallow water, and these can discharge material into the atmosphere during an eruption. The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over one million (most are now extinct) of which some 75,000 rise more than 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) above the seabed. Only 119 submarine volcanoes in Earth's oceans and seas are known to have erupted during the last 11,700 years.

Hydrothermal vents, sites of abundant biological activity, are commonly found near submarine volcanoes.
Ricardo Acioly
Ricardo Augusto Amaral Acioly (born 4 February 1964) is a former tennis player from Brazil. He has what is considered by many one of the most complete and successful careers in Brazilian tennis, having been recognized Internationally as a player, coach, executive, tournament promoter, and sports commentator.

He comes from a "tennis family". His father, Claudio, who died in 2012, played tennis until he was 82 years old. His mother, Teresinha, still plays daily, competes in official tournaments, and has reached the N1 position in the Ladies 85 and over ITF Seniors world ranking.

Alexandre Simoni
Alexandre Torres Simoni (born 2 July 1979) is a retired professional Brazilian tennis player. After being ranked as high as No. 23 in the ITF World Junior Ranking, he turned professional in 1997.

On the ATP tour, his best results were in 2001, when he reached two semifinals: in Bogotá and Salvador. He also reached his career-high ranking of No. 96. He was also a member of the Brazilian Davis Cup team, having participated in a total of four ties from 2001 to 2004 and collecting a 2–3 Win/Loss record.

Simoni played his last official match in January 2008, and nowadays works as a tennis coach in São Paulo.
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021
This article documents the chronology of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021, which originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Some developments may become known or fully understood only in retrospect. Reporting on this pandemic began in December 2019.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
Hat Head National Park
Hat Head  is a national park on the Mid North Coast of New South Wales, Australia, 461.7 kilometres (286.9 mi) north-east of Sydney. It lies within the Hastings-Macleay Important Bird Area. Within the park is the eponymous village of Hat Head, with about 320 inhabitants.

It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) from Arakoon National Park.

Hastings-Macleay Important Bird Area
The Hastings-Macleay Important Bird Area is a 1148 km2 tract of land stretching for 100 km along the Mid North Coast of New South Wales, Australia, from Stuarts Point in the north to the Camden Haven River in the south.  It is bounded on the west by the Pacific Highway.  It combines ephemeral wetlands with coastal swamp forests.  It is mostly cattle-grazed but contains large blocks of state forest, protected areas and tea-tree plantations. For specific information on Birds of the Macleay Valley Region visit SWR / Macleay Birds Group
Ludgershall Sports F.C.
Ludgershall Sports F.C. were a long running amateur football club based in Ludgershall, a small town located between Andover and Salisbury on the county border between Hampshire and Wiltshire.

The club ran for 124 years and due to their location had sustained spells playing in both the Hampshire and Wiltshire Leagues.

Hampshire League
The Hampshire League was a long running amateur football league in Hampshire, England.

The competition ran for 108 years, until it was absorbed the expanding Wessex League in 2004. It has since been succeeded by the Hampshire Premier League with a recognised place on the FA Pyramid system.
Pablo Escudero Morales
Pablo Escudero Morales (born 6 July 1973) is a Mexican politician and lawyer. A member of the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), he is a former federal deputy and senator. From 2016 to 2017, he served as president of the Senate.

President of the Senate (Mexico)
The president of the Senate (Spanish: Presidente de la Cámara de Senadores) is the presiding officer of the Mexican Senate.  The incumbent president is Senator Laura Itzel Castillo.

The Senate of Mexico, at the beginning of each annual legislative session, elects an executive board (Mesa Directiva) from among its 128 members. The executive board comprises a president, three vice-presidents, and four secretaries, elected by an absolute majority of the senators. The president, and other members of the executive board may be re-elected for the following year without restriction. The president of the executive board also serves as the President of the Senate.

Although the President of the Senate is the presiding officer of the upper house of the Mexican Congress, the President of the Chamber of Deputies is the President of Congress as a whole.
2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy – Singles
Miriam Bulgaru won the singles title at the 2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy, defeating Kathinka von Deichmann in the final, 6–3, 1–6, 6–4.

Astra Sharma was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began.

2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy
The 2024 Țiriac Foundation Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2024 WTA 125 tournaments. It took place at the National Tennis Centre in Bucharest, Romania between 9 and 15 September 2024.
2014 St. Louis Rams season
The 2014 season was the St. Louis Rams' 77th in the National Football League (NFL), their 20th in St. Louis and their third under head coach Jeff Fisher. The Rams attempted to reach a playoff berth for the first time since their 2004 season, but were officially eliminated in their loss against the Arizona Cardinals in Week 15. The Rams failed to improve on their 7–9 record from 2013, finishing 6–10 in 2014. The Rams' 2014 season was notable for their numerous starting quarterbacks including Austin Davis, Shaun Hill, and Sam Bradford, the last of whom was injured before the season began. Despite the lack of stability at the position, the Rams defeated both defending conference champions, Super Bowl participants, and 2014 division winners, the Seattle Seahawks and Denver Broncos, plus also shutting out two teams in consecutive weeks: the Oakland Raiders and Washington Redskins. This represents the most recent last-place finish in the NFC West for the St. Louis/Los Angeles Rams.

Shaun Hill
Shaun Christopher Hill (born January 9, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for 15 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins. Hill was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2002. He also played for the Amsterdam Admirals, San Francisco 49ers, Detroit Lions, and St. Louis Rams.
Dubara Palace
The Dubara Palace is located at the Simon Bolivar square in the north part of the Garden City district in downtown Cairo, Egypt. It is used for an evangelical church school. It is known as Villa Casdagli or Kasr EL-Dobara Experimental Language School, too.

Downtown Cairo
Downtown Cairo (Egyptian Arabic: وسط البلد Wust al-Balad, "middle of town") is the colloquial name given to the 19th-century western expansion of Egypt's capital Cairo, between the historic medieval Cairo, and the Nile, which became the commercial center of the city during the 20th century. Given its rich architectural heritage from the era of Khedive Ismail, it has been officially named Khedival Cairo and declared by the government as a protected Area of Value, with many of its buildings also deemed protected.

Administratively Wust al-Balad covers areas of qism Qasr al-Nil, and the Abdeen and Azbakeya districts. The protected Khedival Cairo covers a larger area extending south to Sayeda Zeinab.
Rafi Cohen (footballer, born 1965)
Rafi Cohen (Hebrew: רפי כהן; born March 2, 1965) is an Israeli footballer and manager, who currently serves as the assistant manager for the Israel national football team. He played in soccer for Hapoel Jerusalem, Beitar Jerusalem, Maccabi Petah Tikva, Hapoel Petah Tikva, and the Israel national football team. He has formerly managed Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv, Hakoah Ramat Gan, Hapoel Ashkelon, Hapoel Petah Tikva, Hapoel Haifa, Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv, Sektzia Ness Ziona, Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan, Ironi Nir Ramat HaSharon, and Maccabi Yavne. He won a bronze medal with Team Israel at the 1981 Maccabiah Games.

Israel national football team
The Israel national football team (Hebrew: נבחרת ישראל בכדורגל, romanized: Nivḥeret Yīsrāʾēl BeḴaduregel) represents Israel in men's international football, and is governed by the Israel Football Association. They have been members of the European Confederation UEFA since 1994.

Israel qualified for the FIFA World Cup for the first and to date, only time, in 1970. They also won the 1964 AFC Asian Cup, before a forced relocation to UEFA.
2016 NCAA Division III men's lacrosse tournament
The 2016 NCAA Division III men's lacrosse tournament was the 37th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division III men's college lacrosse in the United States. The championship was played at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on May 29, 2016. All other rounds were played at campus sites, at the home field of the higher-seeded team, from May 11 to May 22.

NCAA Division III men's lacrosse tournament
The NCAA Division III men's lacrosse tournament is the annual championship in men's lacrosse held by the NCAA for teams competing in Division III.

After the inauguration of the NCAA Division I championship in 1971, the USILA added a "small college" tournament for two years. Hobart defeated Washington College 15-12 to win the 1972 USILA title. And Cortland State beat Washington College to win the 1973 title, 13-8.

The NCAA conducted a combined Division II and III tournament for the 1974 through 1979 seasons, followed by separate tournaments for Division II and Division III beginning in 1980.

Hobart and Salisbury have been the most successful teams at the Division III level, winning thirteen titles each. Hobart, however, has since departed for Division I.

Tufts is the defending national champion, winning their 5th national title in 2025.