hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Underwater acoustic communication
Underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving messages in water. There are several ways of employing such communication but the most common is by using hydrophones. Underwater communication is difficult due to factors such as multi-path propagation, time variations of the channel, small available bandwidth and strong signal attenuation, especially over long ranges. Compared to terrestrial communication, underwater communication has low data rates because it uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves.

At the beginning of the 20th century some ships communicated by underwater bells as well as using the system for navigation. Submarine signals were at the time competitive with the primitive maritime radionavigation. The later Fessenden oscillator allowed communication with submarines.

Acoustic wave
Acoustic waves are types of mechanical waves that propagate through matter—such as gas, liquid, and/or solids—by causing the particles of the medium to displace from their equilibrium positions. These waves carry energy and are characterized by properties like acoustic pressure, particle velocity, and acoustic intensity. The speed of an acoustic wave depends on the properties of the medium it travels through and on temperature; for example, it travels at approximately 343 meters per second in air, and 1480 meters per second in water. Acoustic waves encompass a broad range of phenomena, from audible sound to seismic waves and ultrasound, finding applications in diverse fields like acoustics, engineering, and medicine.
Trerhyngyll
Trerhyngyll is a small village in the Vale of Glamorgan, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Cowbridge and 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Ystradowen, near Maendy, off the A4222 road. Trerhyngyll and Maendy Halt railway station operated here from 1905 to 1951, though the line was closed to passengers as early as 1930 between Cowbridge and Aberthaw. In 1986 it was described as a "typical vale village with between 50-60 houses, most of which are 10-50 years old though 8 are over 200 years old." Trerhyngyll typically houses commuters who work in Cowbridge or Cardiff.

Ystradowen
Ystradowen is a small village twelve miles west of Cardiff, located in Penllyn community in the Vale of Glamorgan in south Wales; its nearest town is Cowbridge which is about three miles to the south.

The village was served by Ystradowen railway station between 1865 and 1951. The name Ystradowen means "Owen's Valley" in English. Local amenities include St Owain's parish church, The White Lion public house, Tudor Garage and Seven Oaks fisheries.

Notable residents

Tom Jones had a home in the village until 1998.
Ujarrás
Ujarrás  is a village and historical site in the Orosí Valley of Cartago Province in central Costa Rica, southeast of the provincial capital of Cartago. It lies near the northeastern bank of the man-made Lake Cachí, created by the damming of the Reventazon River. The dam lies adjacent to the village. The village is connected to Cachí, on the other side of the lake.

Cartago, Costa Rica
Cartago (Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾˈtaɣo]) is the head city of Cartago canton of the Cartago Province, and is composed of the Oriental and Occidental districts as stated in the administrative divisions of Costa Rica. It was the capital of Costa Rica from 1574 to 1824.
Legends of the Dark Crystal
Legends of the Dark Crystal is an OEL manga published by Tokyopop, based on the 1982 Jim Henson fantasy film The Dark Crystal. It's written by Barbara Randall Kesel and illustrated by Heidi Arnhold and Max Kim.

The story is a prequel, set several centuries before the film, about two Gelflings, Lahr, a herder and musician, and Neffi, a weaver, who put up a resistance against the oppressive Skeksis, and their destructive army of giants, the Garthim. Three volumes were planned. The second volume was released in August 2010, but the third volume has been cancelled.

Original English-language manga
An original English-language manga or OEL manga is a comic book or graphic novel drawn in the style of manga and originally published in English. The term "international manga", as used by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, encompasses all foreign comics which draw inspiration from the "form of presentation and expression" found in Japanese manga. This may also apply to manga-inspired comics made in other languages.
2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

This was the first House of Representatives elections held in Missouri following the 2020 redistricting cycle. The associated primary elections were held on August 2, 2022.

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts.
Damil Dankerlui
Damil Serena Dankerlui Wadilie (born 24 August 1996) is a professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Icelandic club Stjarnan. Born in the Netherlands, he plays for the Suriname national team.

Almere City FC
Almere City Football Club is a professional football club based in Almere, Netherlands. While the current organization was founded in 2001, it has roots dating back to 1959. The club currently compete in the Eerste Divisie, following relegation from the Eredivisie in 2024–25. They play their home matches at the 4,501-capacity Yanmar Stadion.

The club builds on former clubs from Amsterdam and is a result of ambitions of the Almere city council to play an active role in top sports. To that end, the sports club Omniworld was formed, which consisted of a volleyball branch, a basketball branch and a football branch. Prior to the 2010–11 season, the club was renamed to Almere City FC.
2025–26 Rangpur Riders season
The 2025–26 season is the 10th season so far for the Bangladesh Premier League franchise Rangpur Riders. They were one of the six teams that participated in the 2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League. They won the title only a single time in 2017–18 season. This franchise is owned by Toggi Sports.

Rangpur Riders
Rangpur Riders (Bengali: রংপুর রাইডার্স) is a professional franchise cricket team based in Rangpur. The Riders compete in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL), the premier cricket league in Bangladesh. This team took part in the Global Super League and in the inaugural 2024 season became the champion, gaining their maiden title and in the 2025 season, they became runners-up.

Although the ownership of the team has changed multiple times, the team structure has stayed in its original form since the foundation of the team.

In the 5th edition of BPL, they defeated Dhaka Dynamites in the finals to win their first title.
Smith shadow cabinet
John Smith was Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Official Opposition from 18 July 1992 until his death on 12 May 1994. Smith became leader upon succeeding Neil Kinnock, who had resigned following the 1992 general election—for the fourth successive time, the Conservatives had won and Labour lost.

Prior to being Leader of the Opposition, Smith had been a member of the Government of James Callaghan as President of the Board of Trade (1978–1979), and served under his predecessor Neil Kinnock's Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (1987–1992).

Smith's tenure as Leader of the Opposition saw the Government's policies of the implementation of the Citizen's Charter, progress in the Northern Ireland peace negotiations, and the creation and centralisation of the European Union. Smith died suddenly on 12 May 1994, and was replaced as Acting Leader by Margaret Beckett, who served until 21 July 1994.

1993 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet took place in October 1993, at the beginning of the 1993/1994 session of parliament. Under the rules then in effect, the Commons members of the Parliamentary Labour Party elected 18 members of the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet, who were then assigned portfolios by the leader. The Commons members of the PLP separately elected the Chief Whip, and the Labour peers elected the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Lords. In addition, the Leader of the Labour Party and Deputy Leader (John Smith and Margaret Beckett, respectively) were members by virtue of those offices. The 18 elected members of the Shadow Cabinet were the ones with the largest number of votes. Beginning with this election, MPs were required to vote for at least four women, but women were no longer guaranteed three places in the Shadow Cabinet.

† Multiple candidates tied for position.
Giorgos Kefalidis
Giorgos Kefalidis (Greek: Γιώργος Κεφαλίδης; born 21 March 1941) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as defender and a former manager. His nickname was "Ruby" as of Jack Ruby, the killer of Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassined John F. Kennedy.

Greek Football Cup
The Greek Football Cup (Greek: Ελληνικό Κύπελλο Ποδοσφαίρου), officially known as Betsson Greek Cup (Greek: Κύπελλο Ελλάδας Betsson) for sponsorship reasons is a Greek association football competition, run by the HFF.

The Greek Cup is the second-most important domestic men's football event in Greece, after the championship of Super League. Since its inception in 1931 it has been held 83 times, with a cup winner being crowned on 82 occasions, the final in 1962 being the only occasion when no champion was crowned.

Olympiacos is the most successful club, having reached the final 43 times and earning 29 trophies.
Vernolic acid
Vernolic acid (leukotoxin B or isoleukotoxin) is a long chain fatty acid that is monounsaturated and contains an epoxide. It is a cis epoxide derived from the C12–C13 alkene of linoleic acid. Vernolic acid was first definitively characterized in 1954 and its absolute configuration determined in 1966.  It is a major component in vernonia oil, which is produced in abundance by the genera Vernonia and Euphorbia and is a potentially useful biofeedstock.

Monounsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a monounsaturated fat is a fat which contains a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), a subclass of fatty acid characterized by having a double bond in the fatty acid chain with all of the remaining carbon atoms being single-bonded. By contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have more than one double bond.
Petrus Johann du Toit
Petrus Johann du Toit (16 March 1888 – 13 November 1967) was a South African veterinary scientist and the successor of Arnold Theiler as Director of Veterinary Services at Onderstepoort between 1927 and 1948. He was the son of Daniel Francois du Toit (1846–1923), one of the founders of the Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners, and owner of the first Afrikaans newspaper, Die Patriot. His mother was Margaretha Magdalene van Nierop.

African horse sickness
African horse sickness (AHS) is a highly infectious and often fatal disease caused by African horse sickness virus. It commonly affects horses, mules, and donkeys. It is caused by a virus of the genus Orbivirus belonging to the family Sedoreoviridae. This disease can be caused by any of the nine serotypes of this virus. AHS is not directly contagious, but is known to be spread by insect vectors.
The Boat Race 1989
The 135th Boat Race took place on 25 March 1989.  Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  Oxford won by 2+1⁄2 lengths.  It was the seventh occasion that the race was umpired by Ronnie Howard, and the first time in the history of the race that both crews were coxed by women.

In the reserve race, Oxford's Isis won, while Cambridge won the Women's Boat Race.

Blue (university sport)
A blue is an award of sporting colours earned by athletes at some universities and schools for competition at the highest level. The awarding of blues began at Oxford and Cambridge universities in England. They are now awarded at a number of other British universities and at some universities in Australia and New Zealand.
Badr Benoun
Badr Benoun (also spelt as Badr Banoune; Arabic: بدر بانون; born 30 September 1993) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back and captain for Botola side Raja CA and the Morocco national team.

2019–20 Botola Pro
The 2019–20 Botola, is the 63rd season of the Premier League and the 9th under its new format of Moroccan Pro League, the top Moroccan professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1956.

Wydad Casablanca came into the season as defending champions of the 2018–19 season. Nahdat Zemamra and Raja Beni Mellal entered as the two promoted teams from the 2018–19 Botola 2.

The season started on 14 September 2019, and was scheduled to end on 1 July 2020. However, the season was suspended in March 2020, due to COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco, then resumed in July and ended in 11 October 2020.
Bill DeWeese
H. William DeWeese (born April 18, 1950) is an American politician who is a former member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. A member of the Democratic Party, DeWeese served as the 135th Speaker of the Pennsylvania House from 1993 to 1994. After five years of investigation by Republican State Attorney General Tom Corbett, he was indicted in December 2009 on six charges of conflict of interest, theft and criminal conspiracy on accusations that two members of his staff used state resources to campaign for political office. The trial began January 23, 2010. He was re-elected in 2010 despite the charges, but was convicted of five of the six felony charges on February 6, 2012.

In April 2012, DeWeese was sentenced to 30 to 60 months in state prison, and subsequently resigned his house seat. He maintains that the prosecution was politically motivated, and part of an ongoing feud with Corbett, who became Governor in 2011.

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's Unified Judicial System. It began in 1684 as the Provincial Court, and casual references to it as the "Supreme Court" of Pennsylvania were made official in 1722 upon its reorganization as an entity separate from the control of the colonial governor. It is the oldest appellate court in the United States, a claim that is disputed by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.

The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania maintains a discretionary docket, meaning that the Court may choose which cases it accepts, with the exception of mandatory death penalty appeals, and certain appeals from the original jurisdiction of the Commonwealth Court. This discretion allows the Court to wield powerful influence on the formation and interpretation of Pennsylvania law.
IBM PS/2 Model 80
The Personal System/2 Model 80 (typeset on the badge as the Personal System/2 Model 80 386) is a high-end desktop computer in IBM's Personal System/2 (PS/2) family of personal computers. First released in July 1987, the Model 80 features the 32-bit Intel 386 processor running at a clock speed of 16 MHz. The Model 80 was built into a tower case, the same one as its 16-bit counterpart the PS/2 Model 60. It has several 32-bit MCA expansion slots—the only PS/2 model to include such slots at the time of its release—and between five and six drive bays. The PS/2 Model 80 was the highest-end PS/2 in the original 1987 line-up and was IBM's first PC based on the 386 processor. The Model 80 received several updates over the course of its lifespan, increasing the computer's hard drive capacity as well as the clock speed of its processor and the maximum supported RAM. IBM discontinued the Model 80 in 1992.

Micro Channel architecture
Micro Channel architecture, or the Micro Channel bus, is a proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus publicly introduced by IBM in 1987, which was used on PS/2 and other computers until the mid-1990s. Its name is commonly abbreviated as "MCA", although not by IBM. In IBM products, it superseded the ISA bus and was itself superseded by the PCI bus architecture.
Repeater (horology)
A repeater is a complication in a mechanical watch or clock that chimes the hours and often minutes at the press of a button.  There are many types of repeater, from the simple repeater which merely strikes the number of hours, to the minute repeater which chimes the time down to the minute, using separate tones for hours, quarter hours, and minutes.  They originated before widespread artificial illumination, to allow the time to be determined in the dark, and were also used by the visually impaired.  Now they are mostly valued as expensive novelties by watch and clock enthusiasts.  Repeaters should not be confused with striking clocks or watches, which do not strike on demand, but merely at regular intervals.

Abraham-Louis Breguet
Abraham-Louis Breguet (French pronunciation: [abʁa.am lwi bʁeɡɛ]; 10 January 1747 – 17 September 1823) was a French horologist who made many innovations in the course of a career in watchmaking industry, including the tourbillon. He was the founder of the Breguet company, which is now a luxury watch division of the Swiss Swatch Group.

In his lifetime he was considered the leading watchmaker of his day, and he built up a clientele that included many leading public figures and members of the European nobility.

Alongside his friend and contemporary John Arnold, Breguet is now widely acknowledged as one of the greatest horologists of all time. One of his famous ancestors was Jean Breguet (who died in 1593) a Protestant pastor in Neuchâtel very much influenced by the ideas of John Calvin.
Yard of ale
A yard of ale or yard glass is a tall beer glass used for drinking around 2+1⁄2 imperial pints (1.4 L) of beer, depending upon the diameter.

The glass is approximately one yard (90 centimetres) long, shaped with a bulb at the bottom, and a widening shaft, which constitutes most of the height.

The glass most likely originated in 17th-century England, where the glass was known also as a "long glass", a "Cambridge yard (glass)" and an "ell glass". It is associated by legend with stagecoach drivers, though was mainly used for drinking feats and special toasts.

Drinking a yard glass full of beer as quickly as possible is a traditional pub game; as with the toe of a beer boot, the bulb at the bottom of the glass makes it possible for the contestant to be splashed with a sudden rush of beer toward the end of the feat. The fastest drinking of a yard of ale in the Guinness Book of Records is 5 seconds.

Beer boot
A beer boot (German: Bierstiefel) is a boot-shaped beer glass. Beer boots exist in sizes ranging from 0.5 litres (17 US fl oz) up to 5 litres (1+3⁄8 US gal), but 2 litres (1⁄2 US gal) is a more typical size. Beer boots are commonly consumed communally and are popular with younger people as part of drinking games.
Frank Arsenault
Frank Arsenault (May 21, 1919 – December 26, 1974) was an internationally known American percussionist, teacher, and clinician in the areas of marching percussion, rudimental drumming, drum and bugle corps, and marching band.  He was a full-time Staff Clinician and Educational Field Representative for the Ludwig Drum Company.  He is also well known in his field for his signature playing style, for his many championship titles, and for his recording of The 26 Standard American Drum Rudiments and Selected Solos.

The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps
The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps (also known as "The Green Machine") is a World Class competitive junior drum and bugle corps based in Rosemont, Illinois. The Cavaliers were one of the thirteen founding member corps of Drum Corps International and is a seven-time DCI World Champion. The Cavaliers are the only active all-male corps remaining in the activity.
Skagit-Squatch Museum
The Skagit-Squatch Museum is a museum dedicated to Sasquatch and other cryptids in Burlington, Washington. It was founded c. 2010 by Mike Vail According to a Seattle television program, it contains "Bigfoot-themed artwork and a few mind-blowing artifacts". Cascadia Daily reported that it has over 700 items in its collection.

Burlington, Washington
Burlington is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. Its population was recorded as 9,152 in the 2020 census. Burlington is located approximately halfway between Seattle and Vancouver, Canada. The city is included in the Mount Vernon–Anacortes, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area.
1973 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final
The 1973 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match that was played at Páirc Dáibhín, Carrick-on-Suir on 11 November 1973 to determine the winners of the 1973 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the 8th season of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Cork of Munster and Wexford of Leinster, with Cork winning by 2-10 to 4-2.

The All-Ireland final between Cork and Wexford was their eighth championship meeting. Cork were hoping to win their sixth title over all. Wexford were hoping to win their second All-Ireland title.

Cork's All-Ireland victory was their sixth in eighth years.

Wexford's run of bad luck in All-Ireland finals continued. After winning their sole title in 1965, defeat in 1973 marked their fifth loss in an All-Ireland decider since that victory.

1973 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1973 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 10th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Galway were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Cork in the All-Ireland semi-final.

On 11 November 1973, Cork won the championship following a 2–10 to 4–2 defeat of Wexford in the All-Ireland final. This was their sixth All-Ireland title in the grade and their fifth in six championship seasons.
Devotion (2022 film)
Devotion is a 2022 American biographical war film based on Devotion: An Epic Story of Heroism, Friendship, and Sacrifice by Adam Makos, which shows the comradeship between naval officers Jesse L. Brown and Tom Hudner during the Korean War. Directed by J. D. Dillard and written by Jake Crane and Jonathan Stewart, it stars Jonathan Majors as Brown and Glen Powell as Hudner, with Christina Jackson, Daren Kagasoff, Joe Jonas, Nick Hargrove, Spencer Neville, and Thomas Sadoski in supporting roles.

Devotion premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in IMAX at the Ontario Place Cinesphere on September 12, 2022, and was released by Columbia Pictures through Sony Pictures Releasing in the United States on November 23, 2022. While it received positive reviews from critics and audiences, it was a box-office bomb, grossing only $21.8 million worldwide against a $90 million budget.

USS Leyte (CV-32)
USS Leyte (CV/CVA/CVS-32, AVT-10) was one of 24 Essex-class aircraft carriers built during and shortly after World War II for the United States Navy. The ship was the third US Navy ship to bear the name. Leyte was commissioned in April 1946, too late to serve in World War II. She spent most of her career in the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Mediterranean, but also saw service in the Korean War, in which she earned two battle stars. She was reclassified in the early 1950s as an attack carrier (CVA), then as an Antisubmarine Aircraft Carrier (CVS), and finally (after inactivation) as an aircraft transport (AVT).

Unlike most of her sister ships, Leyte received no major modernizations, and thus throughout her career retained the classic appearance of a World War II Essex-class ship. She was decommissioned in 1959 and sold for scrap in 1970.