hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rast (Turkish makam)
Rast is the implementation of the Rast scale in Turkish makam music. It is in 53 Tone Equal Temperament.

Rauf Yekta Bey's model places the Rast Makam as the gamme naturale of Turkish Classical Music and centers the theoretical approach around it. In the Arel Ezgi Uzdilek system, the scale centered in the theory became Çârgâh.

Çârgâh
Çârgâh is the implementation of the Chahargah scale in Turkish makam music. Chargah makam was invented by Saddettin Arel so as to make an attempt to link traditional Turkish music with European scales.  There are no traditional compositions in this makam,  Hence it is not a true Turkish makam - see "The Music of Rumi" ISBN   978-0-9571665-0-9. It is in 53 Tone Equal Temperament. The makam is the central scale used within analysis in the Arel Ezgi Uzdilek system, this is not because this is a scale that's used a lot or otherwise central, but because it can be written without any accidentals.
Aazad Samaj Party
Aazad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) (abbr. ASP(KR)), commonly known as Aazad Samaj Party abbr. ASP), is an Indian registered, unrecognised political party in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It was founded by Chandrashekhar Azad.

Kanshi Ram
Kanshi Ram (15 March 1934 – 9 October 2006), also known as Bahujan Nayak or Manyavar, Sahab Kanshiram was an Indian politician and social reformer who worked for the upliftment and political mobilisation of the Bahujans, the backward or lower caste people including untouchable groups at the bottom of the caste system in India. Towards this end, Kanshi Ram founded Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti (DS-4), the All India Backwards (SC/ST/OBC) and Minorities Communities Employees' Federation (BAMCEF) in 1971 and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in 1984. In 2001, he ceded leadership of the BSP to his protégé Mayawati who has served four terms as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.
Mamolj
Mamolj (pronounced [ˈmaːmɔl]; German: Mamol) is a settlement in the hills east of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Spodnji Mamolj, Zgornji Mamolj, Čebelnik, Češek, Podmilj, Resnarica, and Trinkavs.

Litija
Litija (pronounced [liˈtíːja] ⓘ; German: Littai) is a town in the Litija Basin in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Litija. It is located in the valley of the Sava River, east of the capital Ljubljana, in the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 it was part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. The town is home to about 6,500 people.
Frybread
Frybread (also spelled fry bread) is a dish of the Indigenous people of North America that is a flat dough bread, fried or deep-fried in oil, shortening, or lard.

Made with simple ingredients, generally wheat flour, water, salt, and sometimes baking powder, frybread can be eaten alone or with various toppings, such as honey, jam, powdered sugar, venison, or beef. It is the base for Indian tacos.

Frybread has a complex cultural history that is inextricably intertwined with colonialism and displacement of Native Americans. The ingredients for frybread were provided to Native Americans to prevent them from starving when they were moved from areas where they could grow and forage their traditional foods to areas that would not support their traditional foods. Critics see the dish as both a symbol of colonization and a symbol of resilience.

Venison
Venison refers primarily to the meat of deer (or antelope in South Africa). Venison can be used to refer to any part of the animal, so long as it is edible, including the internal organs. Venison, much like beef or pork, is categorized into specific cuts, including roast, sirloin, and ribs.
Kalu, Kalat
Kalu (Persian: كالو) is a village in, and the capital of, Hezarmasjed Rural District of Hezarmasjed District, Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Hasanabad, now the city of Hasanabad-e Layen-e Now.

Hezarmasjed District
Hezarmasjed District (Persian: بخش هزارمسجد) is in Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Hasanabad-e Layen-e Now, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,872 people in 877 households.
Chilostigma itascae
Chilostigma itascae, also known as the headwaters chilostigman, is a species of caddisfly in the family Limnephilidae. It was discovered in mile-long Nicollet Creek, the Mississippi River's headwaters in Itasca State Park, Minnesota, which remained the only known location for the species for 31 years. However, in 2005 and 2011 it was found in other locations in and around Itasca State Park and in 2017 an effort to study winter caddisflies by the Minnesota Biological Survey found it in peatland locations scattered across the northwestern part of the state and there are unconfirmed photo records from across the Canadian border in Thunder Bay District, Ontario. It was discovered by Glenn Wiggins, a scientist from the Royal Ontario Museum, on New Year's Eve of 1974, and was scientifically described by him in the following year. Unlike other caddisflies, its adult emergence occurs in the winter under the cover of deep snow.

Limnephilidae
Limnephilidae is a family of caddisflies with about 100 genera and almost 900 described species. They belong to the main lineage of case-constructing caddisflies, the Integripalpia or tube-case caddisflies. The Limnephilidae is one of the most species-rich Trichoptera families of northern temperate regions, but only a few are known from tropical areas and the Southern Hemisphere. For this reason they are often known as northern caddisflies.
2001 XXXVII FIBA International Christmas Tournament
The 2001 XXXVII FIBA International Christmas Tournament "Trofeo Raimundo Saporta-Memorial Fernando Martín" was the 37th edition of the FIBA International Christmas Tournament. It took place at Raimundo Saporta Pavilion, Madrid, Spain, on 25 December 2001 with the participations of Real Madrid and Ural Great Perm.

FIBA International Christmas Tournament
FIBA International Christmas Tournament also known as the Christmas Tournament (Torneo de Navidad) was a men's basketball international friendly competition at the club level (and in some editions with national teams), organized by FIBA at its first decades through the Commission of International Organizations under the hand of Raimundo Saporta, club director and president of the International Commission of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA), and with the authorization and support of R. William Jones, its general secretary, so it had the officiality of FIBA in its first decades of life, being also the starting point of the FIBA Intercontinental Cup, whose first edition appears in the history of this competition. After 1980, the tournament transitioned to being an festive exhibition, although it still garnered attention and popularity.
1976 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1976 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 86th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Moneygall were the defending champions.

On 12 September 1976, Moneygall won the championship after a 1–09 to 2–05 defeat of Roscrea in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.

1975 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1975 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 85th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

Moneygall won the championship after a 3–13 to 0–05 defeat of Kilruane MacDonaghs in a final replay at Semple Stadium. It was their first ever championship title.
Hot chocolate effect
The hot chocolate effect is a phenomenon of wave mechanics in which the pitch heard from tapping a cup of hot liquid rises after the addition of a soluble powder.  The effect is thought to happen because upon initial stirring, entrained gas bubbles reduce the speed of sound in the liquid, lowering the frequency. As the bubbles clear, sound travels faster in the liquid and the frequency increases.

Wave equation
The wave equation is a second-order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves or standing wave fields such as mechanical waves (e.g. water waves, sound waves and seismic waves) or electromagnetic waves (including light waves). It arises in fields like acoustics, electromagnetism, and fluid dynamics.

This article focuses on waves in classical physics. Quantum physics uses an operator-based wave equation often as a relativistic wave equation.
WIEH-LP
WIEH-LP 99.1 is an LPFM radio station licensed to serve Marietta, Georgia, United States. The broadcast licensee is Ministério Semeadores de Boas Novas (MSBN), which translates to "Sowers of Good News Ministry", part of the Assembleia de Deus (Assembly of God) church in Marietta.

First going on-air in June 2015, it has a Christian radio format similar to WFSH-FM 104.7 plus some talk, but broadcasts primarily in Portuguese, with some songs in English. While the station primarily reaches northeast Cobb, the target demographic is the significant Brazilian population around the southeastern edge of Marietta (roughly around Delk Road and Powers Ferry Road). It transmits from a cell tower on land leased from the campus of Lassiter High School, near the boundary with Harrison Park.

WAIA (FM)
WAIA (104.7 MHz, "Air1") is a non-commercial FM radio station licensed to Athens, Georgia, and serving Metro Atlanta. The station is owned by the Educational Media Foundation. It airs EMF's contemporary worship music network Air1.

The transmitter is on the tallest radio tower in Georgia, located off Piney Grove Road in Loganville, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Atlanta. The height above average terrain (HAAT) of this tower allows the station to better penetrate office buildings in Atlanta. The effective radiated power (ERP) is 24,000 watts, making it a class C1 station.
Culture of Cornwall
The culture of Cornwall forms part of the culture of the United Kingdom, but has distinct customs, traditions and peculiarities. Cornwall has many strong local traditions. After many years of decline, Cornish culture has undergone a strong revival, and many groups exist to promote Cornwall's culture and language today.

Beunans Meriasek
Beunans Meriasek (English: The Life of Saint Meriasek) is a Cornish play completed in 1504. Its subject is the legends of the life of Saint Meriasek or Meriadoc, patron saint of Camborne, whose veneration was popular in Cornwall, Brittany, and elsewhere. It was written in the Cornish language, probably written around the same time and in the same place as Bewnans Ke, the only other extant Cornish play taking a saint's life as its subject.

The manuscript of Beunans Meriasek was completed in 1504 by Dominus Radulphus Ton (known from a note in the colophon), who was probably a canon of Glasney College. It is now held in the Peniarth Collection at the National Library of Wales.
2020–21 East of Scotland Football League
The 2020–21 East of Scotland Football League (known as the Central Taxis East of Scotland League for sponsorship reasons) was the 92nd season of the East of Scotland Football League, and the 7th season as the sixth tier of the Scottish football pyramid system. Bo'ness United were the reigning champions but could not defend their title after being promoted to the Lowland Football League.

The start of the league season was delayed until October 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and games were played behind closed doors due to Scottish Government restrictions.

On 11 January 2021 the league was suspended by the Scottish Football Association due to the escalating pandemic situation. On 11 April clubs voted to declared the season null and void.

East of Scotland Football League
The East of Scotland Football League (EoSFL) is a senior football league based in the east and south-east of Scotland. The league sits at levels 6–9 on the Scottish football league system, acting as a feeder to the Lowland Football League.

Founded in 1923, it is currently composed of 59 member clubs competing in four divisions. Traditionally clubs were located in Edinburgh, Lothians and the Scottish Borders however in the 2010s the league expanded north and now also includes clubs from Clackmannanshire, Falkirk, Fife, Stirling, and Perth.

Since 2014–15 it has featured in the senior pyramid system. The winners take part in an end of season promotion play-off with the South of Scotland Football League and West of Scotland Football League champions, subject to clubs meeting the required licensing criteria.
Royal Princess (2012)
Royal Princess is a Royal-class cruise ship operated by Princess Cruises, a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc, and is the third ship to sail for the cruise line under that name. The largest ship to have been built for Princess at the time of delivery in 2013, she became the flagship of Princess. As the lead vessel of the Royal class, she lends her name to the company's Royal class, which will consist of six ships upon the last ship's delivery in 2021. The ship measures 142,714 GT and has a capacity of 3,560 passengers.

Monfalcone
Monfalcone (Italian pronunciation: [moɱfalˈkoːne]; Bisiacco: Mofalcòn; Friulian: Monfalcon; Slovene: Tržič; archaic German: Falkenberg) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy, located on the Gulf of Trieste. Its name means 'falcon mountain' (see Montfaucon in French and Falkenberg in Germanic languages).

It is a major industrial centre for manufacturing ships, airplanes, textiles, chemicals, and refined oil, and is home to one of Fincantieri's main shipyards. Monfalcone is the northernmost city on the Mediterranean Sea.
Agenor
Agenor (Ancient Greek: Ἀγήνωρ, romanized: Agēnor, lit. 'heroic, manly') was in Greek mythology and history a Phoenician king of Tyre or Sidon. The Greek historian Herodotus (c. 484–425 BC), born in the city of Halicarnassus under the Achaemenid Empire, estimated that Agenor lived either 1000 or 1600 years prior to his visit to Tyre in 450 BC at the end of the Greco-Persian Wars (499–449 BC). He was said to have reigned in that city for 63 years.

John Tzetzes
John Tzetzes (Greek: Ἰωάννης Τζέτζης, romanized: Iōánnēs Tzétzēs; c. 1110, Constantinople – 1180, Constantinople) was a Byzantine poet and grammarian who lived at Constantinople in the 12th century. He is known for making significant contributions in preserving much valuable information from ancient Greek literature and scholarship. Of his numerous works, the most important one is the Book of Histories, also known as Chiliades ('Thousands'). The work is a long poem containing knowledge that is unavailable elsewhere and serves as commentary on Tzetzes's own letters. Two of his other important works are the Allegoriai on the Iliad and the Odyssey, which are long didactic poems containing interpretations of Homeric theology.
Tumua ma Puleono
Tumua ma Puleono was a political party in Samoa. The party is named for the traditional honorifics of Upolu and Savaii, the two main islands of Samoa. Its secretary was John Peterson.

The party opposed controversial constitutional amendments proposed by the Human Rights Protection Party government of Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi and advocated for a greater voice for non-matai.  It contested the 2021 Samoan general election. As of 29 August 2020 the party had recruited three candidates to contest seats for it.

On 2 September 2020 the party announced it would join forces with the Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi and Samoa National Democratic Party parties to contest the 2021 election. SNDP and Tumua ma Puleono candidates ran under the FAST banner, with only one candidate in each constituency.

The party was deregistered on 7 March 2023 after failing to pay the annual registration fee.

Human Rights Protection Party
The Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP, Samoan: Vaega Faʻaupufai e Puipuia Aia Tatau a Tagata) is a Samoan political party. It was founded in 1979 and dominated Samoan party politics for decades thereafter, leading every government until their defeat in 2021. Former Prime Minister Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi has led the party since 1998.
José María Zavala Castella
José María Zavala Castella (1924–1992) was a Spanish politician, active in particular during late Francoism and during transition to democracy. In 1966–1979 he was Secretary General to mainstream Carlist organizations, first Comunión Tradicionalista and since 1971 Partido Carlista. In historiography he is presented as the chief architect of an attempt to transform Carlism from a far-right traditionalist movement into a far-left radical socialist party.

Socialist self-management
Socialist self-management or self-governing socialism was a form of workers' self-management used as a social and economic model formulated by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. It was instituted by law in 1950 and lasted in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 1990, just prior to its breakup in 1992.

The main goal was to move the managing of companies into the hands of workers and to separate the management from the state and it was further codified by the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution. It was also meant to demonstrate the viability of a "third way" between the capitalist United States and the socialist Soviet Union.

Based on market-based allocation, social ownership of the means of production and self-management within firms, this system replaced Yugoslavia's former Soviet-type central planning.
Dahalo language
Dahalo is an endangered Cushitic language spoken by around 500–600 Dahalo people on the coast of Kenya, near the mouth of the Tana River.  Dahalo is unusual among the world's languages in using all four airstream mechanisms found in human language: clicks, implosives, ejectives, and pulmonic consonants.

While the language is known primarily as "Dahalo" to linguists, the term itself is an exonym supposedly used by Aweer speakers that itself essentially means “stupid” or “worthless.” The speakers themselves refer to the language as numma guhooni.

Aweer language
Aweer (Aweera), also known as Boni (Bon, Bonta), is a Cushitic language of Eastern Kenya. The Aweer people, known by the arguably derogatory exonym Boni, are historically a hunter-gatherer people, traditionally subsisting on hunting, gathering, and collecting honey. Their ancestral lands range along the Kenyan coast from the Lamu and Ijara Districts into Southern Somalia's Badaade District.

According to Ethnologue, there are around 8,000 speakers of Aweer. Aweer has similarities with the Garre language, however, its speakers are distinct in culture and appearance from Garre speakers.
1912 Triangular Tournament
The 1912 Triangular Tournament was a Test cricket competition played between Australia, England and South Africa, the only Test-playing nations at the time.

The ultimate winners of the tournament were England, with four wins in their six matches, but the tournament was deemed a failure, with disappointing crowds and uncompetitive cricket, caused in part by a weakened Australia team.

The tournament was the first tournament in Test history to be played between more than two nations. It was the only such tournament until the Asian Test Championships of 1998–99 and 2001–02, and the ICC World Test Championship which began in 2019.

Hat-trick (cricket)
In cricket, a hat-trick occurs when a bowler takes three wickets from three consecutive deliveries. The deliveries may be interrupted by an over bowled by another bowler from the other end of the pitch or the other team's innings, but must be three consecutive deliveries by the individual bowler in the same match. Only wickets attributed to the bowler count towards a hat-trick; run outs do not count, although they can contribute towards a so-called team hat-trick, which is ostensibly a normal hat-trick except that the three successive deliveries can be wickets from any bowler in the team and with any mode of dismissal.

Hat-tricks are rare, and as such are treasured by bowlers.

The term is also sometimes used to mean winning the same competition three times in a row. For example, Australia winning the Cricket World Cup in 1999, 2003 and 2007, and Lancashire winning the County Championship in 1926, 1927 and 1928.
Penicuik RFC
Penicuik Rugby Club is a rugby football club in the Scottish Rugby Union, playing their home games at Montgomery Park, Penicuik, Midlothian. Season 2015–16 saw the club become league champions of East Regional League Division Two, under the coaching duo of Mark Blair and Malcolm Clapperton. In season 2015-16 the Second XV under the coaching guidance of Richard Mann also gained promotion, to East Reserve league 2 having been runners up to Currie RFC on points.

Penicuik
Penicuik (/ˈpɛnɪˌkʊk/ PEN-ee-kuuk; Scottish Gaelic: Ceann na Cuthaige) is a town and former burgh in Midlothian, Scotland, lying on the west bank of the River North Esk. It lies on the A701 midway between Edinburgh and Peebles, east of the Pentland Hills.
Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard
The Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) is a metadata standard for encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata regarding objects within a digital library, expressed using the XML schema language of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The standard is maintained as part of the MARC standards of the Library of Congress, and is being developed as an initiative of the Digital Library Federation (DLF).

MARC standards
MARC (machine-readable cataloging) is a standard set of digital formats for the machine-readable description of items catalogued by libraries, such as books, DVDs, and digital resources. Computerized library catalogs and library management software need to structure their catalog records as per an industry-wide standard, which is MARC, so that bibliographic information can be shared freely between computers. The structure of bibliographic records almost universally follows the MARC standard. Other standards work in conjunction with MARC, for example, Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR)/Resource Description and Access (RDA) provide guidelines on formulating bibliographic data into the MARC record structure, while the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) provides guidelines for displaying MARC records in a standard, human-readable form.
2017 Poznań Open
The 2017 Poznań Open is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is the fourteenth edition of the tournament which is part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It takes place at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland from 15 to 23 July 2017, including the qualifying competition in the first two days.

Park Tenisowy Olimpia
The Park Tenisowy Olimpia is a tennis complex in Poznań, Poland, owned by the city since November 2013. It is the host of the annual ATP Challenger Tour stop, the Poznań Open. The complex consist of two show courts (Kort Centralny and Kort nr 1), three ground courts and five indoor courts.

Main Court (Kort Centralny) holds approximately 1,500 spectators (including places on VIP lounge), and Grandstand (Kort nr 1) holds 720 spectators. During the tournaments the Main Court is upgraded by around 250 seats due to installation of the temporary stand, opposite to the VIP lounge.