hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PDF/UA
PDF/UA (PDF/Universal Accessibility), formally ISO 14289, is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for accessible PDF technology. A technical specification intended for developers implementing PDF writing and processing software, PDF/UA provides definitive terms and requirements for accessibility in PDF documents and applications. For those equipped with appropriate software, conformance with PDF/UA ensures accessibility for people with disabilities who use assistive technology such as screen readers, screen magnifiers, joysticks and other technologies to navigate and read electronic content.

On February 18, 2015 the US Access Board announced its Proposed Rule for US federal policy on accessibility, commonly known as Section 508. The proposed rule identifies PDF/UA as equivalent to WCAG 2.0 for "appropriate content".

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are part of a series published by the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), the main international standards organization for the Internet. They are a set of recommendations for improving web accessibility, primarily for people with disabilities—but also for all user agents, including highly limited devices, such as mobile phones. WCAG 2.0 was published in December 2008 and became an ISO standard, ISO/IEC 40500:2012 in October 2012. WCAG 2.2 became a W3C Recommendation on 5 October 2023.
Bina Kumari Thanet
Bina Kumari Thanet is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Nepali Congress Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the Tharu people category.

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
2017 Holiday Bowl
The 2017 Holiday Bowl was a postseason college football bowl game, played at SDCCU Stadium in San Diego, California, on December 28, 2017. This was the first time that the Holiday Bowl was played at SDCCU Stadium. Previous to the 2017 season, the Holiday Bowl was played at Qualcomm Stadium. The 40th edition of the Holiday Bowl featured the Washington State Cougars of the Pac-12 Conference versus the Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference.  It was one of the 2017–18 bowl games concluding the 2017 FBS football season. Sponsored by San Diego County Credit Union, the game was officially known as the San Diego County Credit Union Holiday Bowl.

2017–18 NCAA football bowl games
The 2017–18 NCAA football bowl games was a series of college football bowl games which completed the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The games began on December 16, 2017, and aside from the all-star games ended with the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship, which was played on January 8, 2018.

The total of 40 team-competitive bowls in FBS, including the national championship game, was one less than the previous year, with the folding of the Poinsettia Bowl. To fill the 78 available bowl slots, a total of 15 teams (19% of all participants) with non-winning (6–6) seasons participated in bowl games.  This marks only the second time in seven years that no teams with losing seasons (6–7 or 5–7) had to be invited to fill available bowl berths.
Porth Hellick Down
Porth Hellick Down is a Neolithic and Bronze Age archeological site located on the island of St Mary's, in the Isles of Scilly in Great Britain. The ancient burial monument encompasses a large cairn cemetery that includes at least six entrance graves, other unchambered cairns, and  a prehistoric field system. The site is notable for having the largest assembly of surviving entrance graves.

Entrance grave
Entrance grave is a type of Neolithic and early Bronze Age chamber tomb found primarily in Great Britain.  The burial monument typically consisted of a circular mound bordered by a stone curb, erected over a rectangular burial chamber and accessed by a narrow, stone lined entrance. Entrance graves have been discovered in the Isles of Scilly, west Cornwall, southeast Ireland, southwest Scotland, Brittany and the Channel Islands. They are often referred to as the Scillonian Group, named for the Scillonian Islands where the majority of entrance graves have been discovered.
Inhaler spacer
A spacer is a device used to increase the ease of giving aerosolized medication from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). It adds space in the form of a tube or "chamber" between the mouth and canister of medication. Most spacers have a one-way valve that allows the person to inhale the medication while inhaling and exhaling normally; these are often referred to as valved holding chambers (VHC).

A number of brand names exist including AeroChamber, InspirEase and Volumatic. They can also be made from a 500 mL plastic bottle, which works just as well.

Spacers help those unable to breathe deeply, as well as those unable to synchronize their breathing so that they inhale just as the MDI is actuated; the latter is known as poor "hand-lung coordination".

Metered-dose inhaler
A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a device that delivers a specific amount of medication to the lungs in the form of a short burst of aerosolized medicine that is usually self-administered by the patient via inhalation. It is the most commonly used delivery system for treating asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases. The medication in a metered dose inhaler is most commonly a bronchodilator, corticosteroid or a combination of both for treating asthma and COPD. Other medications less commonly used but also administered by MDI are mast cell stabilizers, such as cromoglicate or nedocromil.
WWKS
WWKS (96.1 FM, "Kiss 96") is a radio station licensed to serve Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands. The station is owned by Victor Webster through Vic Web Radio, LLC. It airs an urban adult contemporary music format.

Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands
Charlotte Amalie (/ˈʃɑːrlət əˈmɑːli(ə)/ SHAR-lət ə-MAH-lee(-ə); Danish: [ʃɑˈlʌtʰə ɑˈmɑːljə]), on Saint Thomas, is the capital and largest town of the U.S. Virgin Islands. It is on the island's southern shore at the head of Charlotte Amalie Harbor. The town is known for its historic sites, Danish colonial architecture, harbor, and shopping. In 2020, it had a population of 8,194, making it the most densely populated town in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

It has a deep-water harbor that was once a haven for pirates (including Blackbeard) and is now one of the busiest ports of call for cruise ships in the Caribbean. About 1.5 million cruise ship passengers land there annually, and hundreds of ferries and yachts pass by each week. Protected by Hassel Island, the harbor has docking and fueling facilities, machine shops, and shipyards and was a U.S. submarine base until 1966.
East Africa Rifles
The East Africa Rifles was a British Colonial Auxiliary Forces military unit created in 1895 that was later merged into the King's African Rifles in 1902. Based in the East Africa Protectorate but containing troops from across the British Empire, it fought against the Mazrui  and the Ogaden people in Jubaland.

British Colonial Auxiliary Forces
The British Colonial Auxiliary Forces were the various military forces (each composed of one or more units or corps) of Britain's colonial empire which were not considered part of the British Army proper. They were the colonial equivalents of the British "Home" Auxiliary Forces, and both Colonial and Home Auxiliary Forces were originally also referred to as "Reserve Forces" and (due to their being tasked purely with home defence, so that their personnel could not be sent overseas on expeditionary service unless they specially volunteered for this) as "Local Forces" and "Home Defence Forces" or "Defence Forces".
2020 Open du Pays d'Aix
The 2020 Open du Pays d'Aix was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Aix-en-Provence, France between 7 and 13 September 2020.

2020 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2020 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2020 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 57 tournaments with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $162,480. It was the 43rd edition of challenger tournaments cycle and 12th under the name of Challenger Tour.

The Challenger Tour was suspended between 13 March and 16 August due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Buralkynyn Tuzy
Buralkynyn Tuzy (Kazakh: Бұралқының тұзы; Russian: Буралкынынтузы) is a salt lake in Sarysu District, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan.

Zhailaukol village is located 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) to the south of the southern shore.

Sarysu District
Sarysu (Kazakh: Сарысу ауданы, Sarysu audany) is a district of Jambyl Region in south-eastern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Janatas. Sarysu District's population in 2023 was 44,115, up from 41,105 in 2009 but down from 48,594 in 1999.
2021 Central American Women's Handball Championship
The 2021 Central American Women's Handball Championship took place in San Salvador, El Salvador from 5 to 7 August 2021. It acted as a qualifying tournament for the 2021 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship.

2021 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship
‌The 2021 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship was the second edition of the championship and held from 5 to 9 October 2021 at Asunción, Paraguay under the aegis of South and Central America Handball Confederation. It was the first time in history that the championship is organised by the Paraguay Handball Confederation. It also acted as the qualification tournament for the 2021 World Women's Handball Championship, with the top three teams qualifying.

Brazil won the tournament for the second time after a finals win over Argentina.
Scott Griffin (musician)
Scott Griffin is an American musician who is best known as a former bassist for L.A. Guns and Ratt. In 2007, Griffin was announced as the bassist for L.A. Guns, having previously played in Dizzy Reed's cover band Hookers N' Blow, replacing Adam Hamilton. From 2015 until April 1, 2016, Griffin was the bassist of a revamped version of Ratt, led by drummer Bobby Blotzer.

After one of Griffin's side-projects, The King Mixers, were offered a residency in Las Vegas in 2009, he left the group and was replaced by former Beautiful Creatures bassist Kenny Kweens. In 2011, he re-joined L.A. Guns, but departed the group once again in September 2014. Griffin is currently the lead guitarist for Steve Riley's version of L.A. Guns, alongside Riley on drums, bassist Kelly Nickels and vocalist/guitarist Kurt Frohlich.

Ratt
Ratt (stylized as RATT) was an American glam metal band that had significant commercial success in the 1980s, with their albums having been certified as gold, platinum and multi-platinum by the RIAA. The group is perhaps best known for hit singles such as "Round and Round" and "Lay It Down", tracks that ranked on Billboard's top 40 at No. 12 and No. 40, respectively, as well as other songs such as "Wanted Man", "You're in Love" and "Dance". Along with bands such as friendly rivals Mötley Crüe, Ratt has been recognized as instrumental in the formation of the early 1980s Los Angeles glam metal scene, also known as "hair metal" or "pop metal".

The band toured and recorded sporadically from the 1990s to 2021 with many extended breaks and line-up changes. They released their final studio album, Infestation, in April 2010.

In 2020, Jeff Mezydlo of Yardbarker included them in his list of "the 20 greatest hair metal bands of all time".
2020 Vuelta a San Juan
The 2020 Vuelta a San Juan was a road cycling stage race that took place in the San Juan Province of Argentina between 26 January and 2 February 2020. The race is rated as a 2.Pro event as part of the 2020 UCI America Tour and the 2020 UCI ProSeries, and was the 38th edition of the Vuelta a San Juan.

2020 UCI America Tour
The 2020 UCI America Tour was the sixteenth season of the UCI America Tour. The season began on October 23, 2019 with the Vuelta a Guatemala and ended on November 1, 2020.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI America Tour cycling jersey. Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.Pro, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.Pro, 1.1 and 1.2
Dolphins (South African cricket team)
The Dolphins (known as the Hollywoodbets Dolphins for sponsorship reasons) are a cricket team representing the KwaZulu-Natal (Coastal) province in South Africa. They take part in the CSA 4-Day Series first-class competition, the CSA One-Day Cup and the CSA T20 Challenge. The team's home venue is Hollywoodbets Kingsmead Cricket Ground, Durban.

Cape Cobras
The Cape Cobras were a franchise cricket team which represented the Western Cape region during the South African domestic franchise era between 2003–04 and 2020–21. The team was made up of played from the Western Province, Boland, and, from 2015–16, South Western Districts cricket teams. The team's home games were played at Newlands Cricket Ground in Cape Town, Boland Park in Paarl and the Recreation Ground in Oudtshoorn.

The Cobras played in the 4-Day Franchise Series, One Day Cup and T20 Challenge competitions. They were one of the most successful domestic sides in the franchise era.
2023–24 IIHF Continental Cup
The 2023–24 Continental Cup was the 26th edition of the IIHF Continental Cup, Europe's second-tier ice hockey club competition organised by International Ice Hockey Federation. The season began on 22 September 2023 and the final tournament was played from 12 to 14 January 2024.

IIHF Continental Cup
The Continental Cup is a second-level ice hockey tournament for European clubs (behind Champions Hockey League), begun in 1997 after the discontinuing of the European Cup. It was intended for teams from countries without representatives in the European Hockey League, with participating teams chosen by the countries' respective ice hockey associations. Hans Dobida served as chairman of the Continental Cup until 2018.
Leeds City Council
Leeds City Council is the local authority of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. Leeds has had a council since 1626, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the second most populous local government district in the United Kingdom with approximately 800,000 inhabitants living within its area; only Birmingham City Council has more. Since 1 April 2014, it has been a constituent council of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Leeds Civic Hall and has its main offices at Merrion House.

2004 Leeds City Council election
The 2004 Leeds City Council election took place on 10 June 2004 to elect members of City of Leeds Metropolitan Borough Council in England.

Following a full boundary review of Leeds' electoral wards by the Boundary Committee for England, all of the council's 99 seats were contested on the new ward boundaries. The previous all-out election in Leeds was in 1980.

The election saw the previously Labour-run council falling into no overall control. The Liberal Democrats and Conservatives agreed to take control of the council in a formal coalition, the first non-Labour administration in 24 years since 1980.
Koch dynasty
The Koch dynasty (/kɒtʃ/; 1515–1949) ruled parts of eastern Indian subcontinent in present-day Assam and Bengal. Biswa Singha established power in the erstwhile Kamata Kingdom which had emerged from the decaying Kamarupa Kingdom.  The dynasty came to power by overthrowing the Baro-Bhuyans of the region, who had previously ended the brief rule established by Alauddin Hussain Shah.

The dynasty split into three among the descendants of Biswa Singha's three sons: two antagonistic branches Koch Bihar and Koch Hajo and a third branch at Khaspur. Koch Bihar aligned with the Mughals and the Koch Hajo branch broke up into various sub-branches under the Ahom kingdom.  Koch Bihar became a princely state during British rule and was absorbed after Indian independence. The third branch at Khaspur (Khaspur kingdom) was absorbed completely into the Kachari kingdom. Raikat is a collateral branch of the Koch dynasty that claim descent from the Sisya Singha, the brother of Biswa Singha.

North Bengal
North Bengal (Bengali: উত্তরবঙ্গ Uttôrboṅgo, Uttar Banga) is a cross-border cultural–geographic region consisting of the north-western areas of Bangladesh as well as the northern part of the West Bengal state of India. Bounded to the east by the Jamuna and in the south by the Ganges, it roughly consists of the Rajshahi and Rangpur Divisions of Bangladesh, as well as the Jalpaiguri and most of the Malda Division of the Indian state of West Bengal (excluding Murshidabad). Under a broader sense it can also include adjacent areas considered culturally or geographically part of Bengal, such as Mahananda River basin.

It is roughly coterminous with the historical region of Barind, which gives its name to the Barind Tract, located within this region.
August (band)
August is a Thai boy band that consists eleven members. They were originally formed as a fictional band in the movie The Love of Siam (a Thai romantic-drama film written and directed by Chookiat Sakveerakul). After acting in the film portrayal, the members found themselves comfortable with each other so decided to pursue it into the Thai Entertainment Industry. At first, the band consisted of Pchy, Non, Nine, Tor, Em, Wan, Arm, Mike Ong, Mac, and Petch. Eventually, their managers added up Goo, Joker, Taw and summing up a total number of fourteen members. Hence, two of the original members namely Em and Mike withdrew due to personal issues and Goo (who was by then replaced by Tle) also left because of controversies. Recently, Joker had left the band to concentrate on his studies.

Witwisit Hiranyawongkul
Witwisit Hiranyawongkul (Thai: วิชญ์วิสิฐ หิรัญวงษ์กุล, RTGS: Witwisit Hiranyawongkun; born 20 July 1989), popularly nicknamed "Pchy" (Thai: พิช, (also written "Pitch" or "Phit"), is a Thai actor and singer. He is best known for his first leading role as Mew in the 2007 hit film Love of Siam, which won several newcomer awards and propelled him to fame in Thailand and throughout Asia.
Keep the Promise Act of 2013
The Keep the Promise Act of 2013 (H.R. 1410) is a bill that was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during 113th United States Congress.  The bill would prohibit the establishment of casinos on land in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area on Indian land acquired after April 9, 2013.  If passed, the bill would have the immediate impact of preventing the Tohono O'odham Nation from building a casino on a piece of land in the Phoenix area which they purchased in 2003, and are currently in the process of having designated a reservation (a necessary step for the land to be used to build a casino).  The law is seen as being directed at them.

Tohono Oʼodham
The Tohono Oʼodham (/təˈhoʊnoʊ ˈɔːtəm, - ˈoʊtəm/ tə-HOH-noh AW-təm, -⁠ OH-təm, O'odham: [ˈtɔhɔnɔ ˈʔɔʔɔd̪am]) are a Native American people of the Sonoran Desert, residing primarily in the U.S. state of Arizona and the northern Mexican state of Sonora. The United States federally recognized tribe is the Tohono Oʼodham Nation. The Ak-Chin Indian Community also has Tohono Oʼodham citizens.

The Tohono Oʼodham Nation governs the Tohono Oʼodham Indian Reservation, a major reservation located in southern Arizona. It encompasses portions of three counties: Pima, Pinal, and Maricopa in the United States. Tohono Oʼodham territory extends into the Mexican state of Sonora.
University of Tartu Art Museum
University of Tartu Art Museum (Estonian: Tartu Ülikooli kunstimuuseum) is an art museum in Tartu, Estonia. It was founded in 1803 at the Imperial University of Dorpat and is considered to be the oldest art museum in Estonia. The museum is located in Main building of Tartu University. The museum is a branch of University of Tartu Museum. The chief of the museum is Mariann Raisma.

The museum has a permanent exhibition which consists of, amongst other objects, original size plaster cast copies of Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic Greece.

Since 1980 the museum has been home to the mummies of two Egyptian boys. They have been carbon dated as living between 410 and 50BC. They were donated to the university in 1819 on the death of their collector Otto von Richter.

Main building of Tartu University
Main building of Tartu University (Estonian: Tartu Ülikooli peahoone) is the main building of the University of Tartu. This building is one of the most notable examples of classical style in Estonia.

Built between 1804 and 1809 as the main building for the Imperial University of Dorpat, it was designed by the architect Johann Wilhelm Krause.

The building has been restored many times, including after a fire in 1965, and most recently in 2007.

It features a large auditorium, as well as lock-up rooms in the attic used during the 19th century to detain students as punishment.

The auditorium

Main building of Tartu University in 1845

Main building of Tartu University on fire in 1965
Abadi Emamzadeh Esmail
Abadi Emamzadeh Esmail (Persian: ابادي امامزاده اسماعيل, also Romanized as Ābādī Emāmzādeh Esmā‘īl; also known as Emāmzādeh Shāhzādeh Esmā‘īl, Emāmzādeh Esmā‘īl, Shāhzādeh Esmā‘īl, and Shāhzādeh Ismā‘īl) is a village in Fordu Rural District, Kahak District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 13 families.

Fordo Rural District
Fordo Rural District (Persian: دهستان فردو) is in Fordo District of Kahak County, Qom province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dastgerd. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Fordo.
Delaware statistical areas
The U.S. State of Delaware currently has four statistical areas that have been delineated by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). On July 21, 2023, the OMB delineated one combined statistical area, two metropolitan statistical areas, and one micropolitan statistical area in Delaware. As of 2023, the largest statistical area in the state is the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD Combined Statistical Area, which includes Delaware's largest city, Wilmington.

Core-based statistical area
A core-based statistical area (CBSA) is a U.S. geographic area defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It contains a large population nucleus, or urban area, and adjacent communities that have a high degree of integration with that nucleus.

On July 15, 2015, the OMB released new standards based on the 2010 census. These standards are used to replace the definitions of metropolitan areas from the 2010 United States census data.