hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rana Awdish
Rana Awdish is an American critical care physician, pulmonologist, author and medical director of the Pulmonary Hypertension Program of Henry Ford Hospital. She is best known for her critically acclaimed, bestselling book In Shock: My Journey from Death to Recovery and the Redemptive Power of Hope.

The New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. Founded in 1812, the journal is among the most prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals. Its 2024 impact factor was 78.5, ranking it 2nd out of 168 journals in the category "Medicine, General & Internal".
Le prophète
Le prophète (The Prophet) is a grand opera in five acts by Giacomo Meyerbeer, which was premiered in Paris on 16 April 1849. The French-language libretto was by Eugène Scribe and Émile Deschamps, after passages from the Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations by Voltaire. The plot is based on the life of John of Leiden, Anabaptist leader and self-proclaimed "King of Münster" in the 16th century.

Robert Letellier
Robert Ignatius Letellier (born 1953, in Durban, South Africa) is a cultural historian and academic, specialising in the history of music, Romantic literature and the Bible.  He teaches at the Maryvale Institute and the Institute of Continuing Education, University of Cambridge.
Hypocrea
Hypocrea is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae. The widespread genus is estimated to contain 171 species that grow on rotten wood, and are often associated with other fungi. Anamorphic genera associated with Hypocrea include Acremonium, Gliocladium, Trichoderma, and Verticillium. Hypocrea was circumscribed by mycologist Elias Fries in 1825. Due to changes within the code of nomenclature, the genus Trichoderma has been proposed for conservation over its teleomorph Hypocrea. This means that all species with both a Hypocrea and Trichoderma name will be officially known by their Trichoderma name, and any species only described as Hypocrea will be transferred to Trichoderma.

Verticillium
Verticillium is a genus of fungi in the division Ascomycota, and are an anamorphic form of the family Plectosphaerellaceae. The genus used to include diverse groups comprising saprobes and parasites of higher plants, insects, nematodes, mollusc eggs, and other fungi, thus the genus used to have a wide-ranging group of taxa characterised by simple but ill-defined characters. The genus, currently thought to contain 51 species, may be broadly divided into three ecologically based groups - mycopathogens, entomopathogens, and plant pathogens and related saprotrophs. However, the genus has undergone recent revision into which most entomopathogenic and mycopathogenic isolates fall into a new (unrelated) group called Lecanicillium.

At least five species are known to cause a wilt disease in plants called verticillium wilt: V. dahliae, V. longisporum, V. albo-atrum,  V. nubilum, and V. tricorpus.  A sixth species, V. theobromae, causes fruit or crown rot, a non-wiliting disease.
Khirbat al-Mansura
Khirbat Al-Mansura  was a Palestinian village in the Haifa Subdistrict. It was probably depopulated during an offensive by the Carmeli Brigade at the end of April 1948. It was located 18.5 km southeast of Haifa with a mostly Druze population. Khirbat Al-Mansura contained the ruins of building foundations and rock-cut tombs.

Haifa Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Haifa Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء حيفا; Hebrew: נפת חיפה) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It covered the northern Mediterranean coast of regional Palestine, southwestern Galilee, and the Wadi Ara region. It was disintegrated after the British withdrawal from the area. Prior to and during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War around half of the Arab localities were depopulated or destroyed. The entire district was captured by Israel and most of its Arab defenders were composed of the Arab Liberation Army and local militias.

Its predecessor was Haifa Subdistrict, Ottoman Empire.

The subdistrict was transformed into Haifa District, divided into Haifa Subdistrict and Hadera Subdistrict under Israel.
Incheon Subway Line 1
Incheon Subway Line 1 (Korean: 인천도시철도 1호선) is a 30.3-kilometer (18.8 mi) north-south subway line, part of the Incheon Subway system. The line is also included as a part of the overall Seoul Metropolitan Subway network; Bupyeong Station has a free transfer with Seoul Subway Line 1, Gyeyang Station connects with the AREX Line which leads to Incheon International Airport and Seoul Station, Bupyeong-gu Office Station has a free transfer with Seoul Subway Line 7, and Woninjae Station has a free transfer with the Suin-Bundang Line.

Suin–Bundang Line
The Suin–Bundang Line (Korean: 수인·분당선Suwon–Incheon–Bundang Line) is a commuter rail service of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system, operating on trackage from the Suin Line (opened on June 30, 2012) and the Bundang Line (opened on September 1, 1994). Operation began on September 12, 2020.

Frequent service is provided between Wangsimni and Incheon by 6-car trains, with 9 trains on weekdays and 5 on weekends running one station north of Wangsimni to Cheongnyangni. However, many trains terminate at various locations on the line such as Jukjeon, Gosaek, and Oido.

Trains travel along the Suin (Incheon-Suwon), Bundang (Suwon-Wangsimni), and Gyeongwon (Wangsimni-Cheongnyangni) lines. It shares trackage with the Ansan Line of Seoul Subway Line 4 between Hanyang University at Ansan and Oido.

Like all other Korail-run Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines, trains on the line run on the left-hand side of the track.

The color shown on the map is yellow.
Karachi Conservancy Board
The Karachi Conservancy Board was established in 1846 to control cholera epidemics in Karachi during British rule.

The board was upgraded into a Municipal Commission in 1852. In 1853 the Municipal Commission was turned into the Karachi Municipal Committee. The foundation stone of the KMC building was laid on Bundar road in 1927.

In 1933  the Karachi Municipal Committee was upgraded to the Karachi Municipal Corporation by the Karachi Municipal Act. The Karachi Municipal Corporation became the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation in 1976.

Zonal Municipal Committees were established in 1987. The zonal committees were merged again in KMC. Five District Municipal Corporations were  established in 1987. The KMC was abolished in 2000 and five DMCs were merged in the City District of Karachi. The City District of Karachi was divided into 18 towns and 178 union councils. In 2011 the Sindh Government restored the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation and five District Municipal Corporations.

Karachi Metropolitan Corporation Building
The Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) Building is a colonial-era building located on M. A. Jinnah Road, in central Karachi. Construction began in 1927, completed in 1930, and the building was then inaugurated in 1932. It is considered to be one of the most architecturally significant buildings in Karachi.
Dedi Mulyadi
Dedi Mulyadi (born 11 April 1971), also known as Kang Dedi Mulyadi and by his initials KDM, affectionately called bapak aing ("my father"), is an Indonesian politician and activist from the Gerindra party who is the 15th governor of West Java, serving since February 2025. He was previously the regent of Purwakarta, holding that position between 2008 and 2018. He had been active in politics since 1999 as a municipal legislator in Purwakarta, and prior to joining Gerindra in 2023, was a member of Golkar.

Governor of West Java
The Governor of West Java (Indonesian: Gubernur Jawa Barat) is the executive head of the West Java Province. He is responsible for running the government together with his deputy and members of the West Java Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) as the legislature. The Governor of West Java is an elected politician who, along with the vice governor and 120 members of the West Java Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), is accountable for the strategic government of the province of West Java.
Cowlersley
Cowlersley is a district 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England. It is situated between Milnsbridge and Linthwaite and south of the A62 and the River Colne. The name Cowlersley means 'a charcoal burner's wood' and was first recorded in 1226.

The district has a primary school, Woodside Green, which was inspected by Ofsted in 2022 and listed as "Good".

Its main claim to fame is that the former British prime minister Harold Wilson grew up in Cowlersley, at 4 Warneford Road.

River Colne, West Yorkshire
The River Colne /ˈkoʊn/ in West Yorkshire is formed at the confluence of two brooks that originate in the Pennines close to  Marsden. It flows in an easterly direction through the Colne Valley and Huddersfield towards Cooper Bridge where it flows into the River Calder.
Generalizations of Pauli matrices
In mathematics and physics, in particular quantum information, the term generalized Pauli matrices refers to families of matrices which generalize the (linear algebraic) properties of the Pauli matrices. Here, a few classes of such matrices are summarized.

Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ˈkjuːbɪt/) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information; a binary qudit – the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Examples include the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two spin states (left-handed and the right-handed circular polarization) can also be measured as horizontal and vertical linear polarization. In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of multiple states simultaneously, a property that is fundamental to quantum mechanics and quantum computing.
Bidzard, Bahmai
Bidzard (Persian: بيدزرد, also Romanized as Bīdzard) is a village in Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 46, in 12 families.

Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District
Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان بهمئي گرمسيرئ جنوبي) is in the Central District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kat. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Likak.
Galactose mutarotase
Galactose mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) (gene name GALM) is a human enzyme that reversibly converts α-aldose to the β-anomer. This enzyme catalyzes the first step of the Leloir pathway, which is involved in galactose metabolism. It belongs to family of aldose epimerases.

The two main amino acids in the enzyme active site are Glu 304, which acts as a Bronsted-Lowry base and removes a proton, and His 170, which acts as Bronsted-Lowry Acid and donates a proton to the galactose.

Aldose
An aldose is a monosaccharide (a simple sugar) with a carbon backbone chain with a carbonyl group on the endmost carbon atom, making it an aldehyde, and hydroxyl groups connected to all the other carbon atoms. Aldoses can be distinguished from ketoses, which have the carbonyl group away from the end of the molecule, and are therefore ketones.
Kevin W. S. Roberts
Kevin W. S. Roberts FBA was the Sir John Hicks Professor of Economics at the University of Oxford until his retirement in 2020.

He was a professorial fellow of Nuffield College, a fellow of the British Academy and a fellow of the Econometric Society.

Martin Weitzman
Martin Lawrence Weitzman (April 1, 1942 – August 27, 2019) was an American economist and a professor of economics at Harvard University. Weitzman joined the Yale University faculty, in 1967, before moving to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and then the economics department at Harvard University in 1989, where he taught until his death in 2019. Weitzman was a leading economist whose research was focused largely on environmental economics, specifically climate change and the economics of catastrophes.
2004 British Academy Television Craft Awards
The British Academy Television Craft Awards of 2004 are presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) and were held on 16 May 2004 at The Dorchester, Mayfair, the ceremony was hosted by Alistair McGowan.

British Academy Television Craft Awards
The British Academy Television Craft Awards is an accolade presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), a charitable organisation established in 1947, which: "supports, promotes and develops the art forms of the moving image – film, television and video games – by identifying and rewarding excellence, inspiring practitioners and benefiting the public."

Having previously been handed out with the British Academy Television Awards, the awards were established in 2000 as a way to spotlight technical achievements, without being overshadowed by the production categories.
Psilostrophe
Psilostrophe, the paperflowers is a genus of North American plants in the sneezeweed tribe within the sunflower family.

Species

Psilostrophe bakeri Greene - ID UT WY CO

Psilostrophe cooperi (A.Gray) Greene - CA NV AZ UT NM, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora

Psilostrophe gnaphalodes DC. - TX, San Luis Potosí, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas

Psilostrophe mexicana R.C.Br. - Chihuahua, Durango

Psilostrophe sparsiflora (A.Gray) A.Nelson - green-stem paperflower, AZ UT NM

Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene - marigold paperflower, AZ UT NM CO TX, Chihuahua, Coahuila

Psilostrophe villosa Rydb. ex Britton - NM TX OK KS

Psilostrophe tagetina
Psilostrophe tagetina is a flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name woolly paperflower. It is native to Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and northwestern Mexico.
Parable of the Sunfish
"The Parable of the Sunfish" is an anecdote with which Ezra Pound opens ABC of Reading, a 1934 work of literary criticism. Pound uses this anecdote to emphasize an empirical approach for learning about art, in contrast to relying on commentary rooted in abstraction. While the parable is based on students' recollections of Louis Agassiz's teaching style, Pound's retelling diverges from these sources in several respects. The parable has been used to illustrate the benefits of scientific thinking, but more recent literary criticism has split on whether the parable accurately reflects the scientific process and calls into question Pound's empirical approach to literature.

Nathaniel Shaler
Nathaniel Southgate Shaler (February 20, 1841 – April 10, 1906) was an American paleontologist and geologist who wrote extensively on the theological and scientific implications of the theory of evolution, whose work is now considered scientific racism.
Tropidophorus
Tropidophorus is a genus of semiaquatic lizards in the skink family (Scincidae), found in Indochina, Borneo, Sulawesi, and the Philippines. They are sometimes known as water skinks or waterside skinks.

André Marie Constant Duméril
André Marie Constant Duméril (1 January 1774 – 14 August 1860) was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became professor of herpetology and ichthyology. His son Auguste Duméril was also a zoologist, and the author citation Duméril is used for both André and his son.
Tomie: Beginning
Tomie: Beginning (富江 BEGINNING) is a 2005 Japanese horror film directed by Ataru Oikawa and the fifth installment of the Tomie film series, serving as a direct prequel to the 1998 film Tomie, with Kenji Mizuhashi reprising his role as Kenichi Yamamoto.

Japanese horror
Japanese horror, also known as J-horror, is horror fiction derived from popular culture in Japan, generally noted for its unique thematic and conventional treatment of the horror genre differing from the traditional Western representation of horror. Japanese horror tends to focus on psychological horror, tension building (suspense), and the supernatural, particularly involving ghosts (yūrei) and poltergeists. Other Japanese horror fiction contains themes of folk religion such as possession, exorcism, shamanism, precognition, and yōkai. Media in which the genre of Japanese horror fiction can be found include artwork, theater, literature, film, anime and video games.
Il Polo Glacier
Il Polo Glacier (69°50′S 74°54′E﻿ / ﻿69.833°S 74.900°E﻿ / -69.833; 74.900) is a small glacier draining northward between Polar Times Glacier and Polarforschung Glacier into the Publications Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was delineated in 1952 by John H. Roscoe from air photos taken by the U.S. Navy during Operation Highjump, 1946–47. Roscoe named it after Il Polo, a polar journal published by the Istituto Geografico in Forlì, Italy.

Polar Times Glacier
Polar Times Glacier (69°46′S 74°35′E﻿ / ﻿69.767°S 74.583°E﻿ / -69.767; 74.583) is a glacier on Ingrid Christensen Coast, flowing northward between Svarthausen Nunatak and Boyd Nunatak into the western part of Publications Ice Shelf. It was delineated by John H. Roscoe from aerial photographs taken by USN Operation Highjump, 1946–1947, and named by Roscoe after The Polar Times, a polar journal published by the American Polar Society, New York City.
Bratsk
Bratsk (UK: /ˈbrætsk/, UK: /ˈbrɑːtsk/; Russian: Братск [ˈbratsk]) is a city in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Angara River near the vast Bratsk Reservoir. It had population of 224,071 (2021 census).

Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station
The Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station (also referred to as The 50 years of Great October Dam) is a concrete gravity dam on the Angara River and adjacent hydroelectric power station. It is the second level of the Angara River hydroelectric station cascade in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. From its  commissioning in 1966, the station was the world's single biggest power producer until Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power Station reached 5,000 MW (at 10 turbines) in 1971. Annually the station produces 22.6 TWh. Currently, the Bratsk Power Station operates 18 hydro-turbines, each with capacity of 250 MW, produced by the Leningrad Metal Works ("LMZ", Russian: ЛМЗ, Russian: Ленинградский Металлический завод) in the 1960s.
Kyrgyzstan men's national basketball team
The Kyrgyzstan national basketball team is the national Basketball team of Kyrgyzstan, Asia. Their last match was in the 2015 FIBA Asia Championship qualification Central Asia playoff, a rout loss to Kazakhstan in Astana. The majority of their best players play in Kazakhstan, including rebounding expert center Sergei Kazantcev and Turkish-born player Andrey Kislitsin.

The team had its best year in 1995. Then, at the official 1995 Asian Basketball Championship, the team surprisingly finished ahead of favorites such as Iran, Philippines and Jordan.

A prominent player of Kyrgyzstani descent is also Kyranbek Makan who plays for China because he was born and raised there.

Jordan men's national basketball team
The Jordan national basketball team is the official basketball team of Jordan in international competitions.

The Jordanian team achievements in recent years beside qualifying to World Cup for three times (2010, 2019 and 2023), won the William Jones Cup in 2007 and 2008 and FIBA Asia Stankovic cup in Kuwait in 2008, finishing at the first place of Arab Nations cup in Egypt in 2007, and runners up in 2008, runners up at 2011 FIBA Asia Championship and 3rd place in 2009 FIBA Asia Championship, and finally 3rd place in 2016 FIBA Asia Challenge.

Jordan qualified for FIBA World Cup three times in history, making them the third best Arab team by National team appearances in the FIBA Basketball World Cup.
Sonai
Sonai (Pron:/'sə(ʊ)'nʌɪ) is a town in the Cachar district in the Indian state of Assam. It is also the name of a circle and block in the town. Government of Assam declared it as a municipal area on 2016 with 11 wards. The River Sonai flows through the town of Sonai joining with Barak River near Dungripar Village of Sonai. The Chandragiri Park and an Archeological site, a temple of Kachari Kingdom at Shivtilla (Changutilla) near Madhab Chandra Das College (MCD College) is a famous place to visit.

Silchar Medical College and Hospital
Silchar Medical College and Hospital (SMCH), established in 1960, is a government-run medical and hospital located in Silchar, southern Assam. It is one of the oldest medical college of North East India. It is the only referral hospital in the southern part of Assam, and serves neighbouring states.
Mahura
Mahura is a genus of South Pacific funnel weavers first described by Raymond Robert Forster & C. L. Wilton in 1973 and known only from New Zealand. They are fairly common, though small spiders, ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 millimetres (0.059 to 0.138 in) long.

Agelenidae
The Agelenidae are a large family of spiders in the suborder Araneomorphae. Well-known examples include the common "grass spiders" of the genus Agelenopsis. The most widely accepted common name for members of the family is funnel weaver.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORA77
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA77 (also known as ACA63) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA).

SNORA77  was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified by Northern blot and primer extension analysis.
It belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and conserved H/ACA-box motifs.

SNORA77 is proposed to guide the pseudouridylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue U814.
Pseudouridylation is the isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Central Desert Region
The Central Desert Region  is a local government area of the Northern Territory, Australia, administered by the Central Desert Regional Council (formerly Central Desert Shire). The council's main towns are Ti-Tree, Yuendumu, and Lajamanu. The Region covers an area of 281,312 square kilometres (108,615 sq mi) and had a population of 4,208 in June 2018.

Local government areas of the Northern Territory
The Northern Territory is a federal Australian territory in north-central Australia. It is the third largest Australian federal division with an area of 1,348,094.3 square kilometres (520,502 sq mi) but the least populous with 245,929 inhabitants as at June 2019. The Northern Territory is divided administratively into 18 Local government areas (LGAs) generally known as Councils who are responsible for providing local government services.

The most recent local elections were held in 2025. The next elections are scheduled to be held on 25 August 2029.