hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BMW XM
The BMW XM is a full-size automobile manufactured in the United States by German marque BMW since 2022. It is a crossover SUV with a plug-in hybrid electric drivetrain, and is the second car developed entirely by BMW M, after the BMW M1 in 1978.

Three versions are currently available, the entry level "XM 50e" with the B58 3-liter inline 6-cylinder petrol engine, the base "XM" with the S68 4.4-liter V8 petrol engine, and the "XM Label" with the same S68 petrol engine as the "XM" but tuned to produce more power and torque figures. There is also the "XM Label Red" version which is physically and mechanically identical to the "XM Label", but only a limited number of 500 were ever produced. All three versions have the same 8-speed M Steptronic automatic transmission and integrated electric motor.

BMW M1
The BMW M1 (model code E26) is a mid-engined sports car produced by German automotive manufacturer BMW from 1978 until 1981.

In the late 1970s, Italian automobile manufacturer Lamborghini entered into an agreement with BMW to build a production racing car in sufficient quantity for homologation, but conflicts arose that prompted BMW to produce the car themselves.  The resulting car was sold to the public, from 1978 until 1981, as the BMW M1.

It was the first mid-engine BMW automobile to be mass-produced; the second was the i8 plug-in hybrid sports car.
Greatest Hits (Simply Red album)
Greatest Hits is the first compilation album released by British pop and soul group Simply Red, released in 1996, which contained material from their first five studio albums (Picture Book, Men and Women, A New Flame, Stars and Life) and included a newer track, a cover of Aretha Franklin's 1973 classic, "Angel".

Life (Simply Red album)
Life is the fifth studio album by British pop and soul band Simply Red, released in 1995. The lead single "Fairground" became their first number 1 hit in the UK. Due to this success, the album also made #1 on the UK album chart. It also included "We're in This Together", the official theme song for Euro '96. This was also the last album to feature band members Fritz McIntyre and Heitor TP.
Bucknell Bison men's lacrosse
The Bucknell Bison men's lacrosse team represents Bucknell University in the Patriot League of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's lacrosse. Bucknell has played lacrosse at the varsity level since 1968.

Colgate Raiders men's lacrosse
The Colgate Raiders men's lacrosse team represents Colgate University in the Patriot League in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college lacrosse.  They play at Crown Field at Andy Kerr Stadium in Hamilton, New York.
2007 Men's EuroHockey Nations Challenge II
The 2007 Men's EuroHockey Nations Challenge II was the second edition of the EuroHockey Nations Challenge II, the fourth level of the men's European field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 9 to 15 September 2007 in Predanovci, Slovenia.

The hosts Slovenia won their first EuroHockey Nations Challenge II title and were promoted to EuroHockey Nations Challenge I.

EuroHockey Championship IV
The EuroHockey Championship IV, formerly known as the EuroHockey Nations Challenge II,  is a competition for European national field hockey teams. It is the fourth level of the European field hockey Championships for national teams.

For men's national teams this is the lowest tier. There is promotion and relegation. The one or two first ranked teams qualify for the next Men's EuroHockey Championship III and are replaced by the one or two lowest-ranked teams from that tournament.

The tournament has been won by seven different teams: Gibraltar has the most titles with two and Denmark, Greece, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia and Turkey have all won the tournament once. The most recent edition was held in Helsinki, Finland and was won by Hungary. The next edition was supposed to be held in Kordin, Malta in August 2021 but was cancelled due to the travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
ChemRisk
ChemRisk was a Delaware Limited Liability Company, a for-profit scientific consulting firm headquartered in San Francisco, California, that was part of Cardno (as Cardno ChemRisk) until Cardno was acquired by Stantec in 2021. ChemRisk founder and former president, Dennis Paustenbach, "has long been an expert witness and top consultant" to "scores of companies in the chemical, energy and medical products industries" facing lawsuits over products or environmental practices or product safety. Historical clients of ChemRisk included San Francisco-based utility Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) and BP. ChemRisk uses toxicology and risk assessment to measure the hazards of chemicals in soil, air, water, food, sediments and consumer products.

Hexavalent chromium
Hexavalent chromium (chromium(VI), Cr(VI), chromium 6) is any chemical compound that contains the element chromium in the +6 oxidation state (thus hexavalent).  It has been identified as carcinogenic, which is of concern since approximately 136,000 tonnes (150,000 tons) of hexavalent chromium were produced in 1985. Hexavalent chromium compounds can be carcinogens (IARC Group 1), especially if airborne and inhaled where they can cause lung cancer.
North Bradley
North Bradley is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, between Trowbridge and Westbury. The village is about 1.75 miles (2.8 km) south of Trowbridge town centre. The parish includes most of the village of Yarnbrook, and the hamlets of Brokerswood, Cutteridge and Drynham.

Rode, Somerset
Rode (formerly Road) is a village and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Somerset in England, 5 miles (8.0 km) north-east of Frome and 5 miles (8.0 km) south-west of Trowbridge.

The small settlement of Rode Hill, north-east of Rode village, is now contiguous with it. The village lies within a mile of the Wiltshire border and is the easternmost settlement in Somerset. The Wiltshire village of Southwick is 2 miles (3 km) to the north-east.
Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria
Archduchess Elisabeth Marie Henriette Stephanie Gisela of Austria (Hungarian: Erzsébet Mária Henrietta Stefánia Gizella; 2 September 1883 – 16 March 1963) was the only child of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, and Princess Stéphanie of Belgium. Her father was the son and heir apparent of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, and her mother was a daughter of King Leopold II of Belgium. She was known to her family as "Erzsi", a diminutive of her name Erzsébet in Hungarian. Later nicknamed The Red Archduchess, she was famous for becoming a socialist and a member of the Austrian Social Democratic Party.

Morganatic marriage
Morganatic marriage, sometimes called a left-handed marriage, is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which in the context of royalty or other inherited title prevents the principal's position or privileges being passed to the spouse or to any children born of the marriage. The concept is most prevalent in German-speaking territories and countries most influenced by the customs of the German-speaking realms.

Generally, this is a marriage between a man of high birth (such as from a reigning, deposed or mediatised dynasty) and a woman of lesser status (such as a daughter of a low-ranked noble family or a commoner). Usually, neither the bride nor any children of the marriage has a claim on the husband's succession rights, titles, precedence, or entailed property. The children are considered legitimate for all other purposes and the prohibition against bigamy applies. In some countries, a woman could also marry a man of lower rank morganatically.
HN group
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a HN group or hypernormalizing group is a group with the property that the hypernormalizer of any subnormal subgroup is the whole group.

For finite groups, this is equivalent to the condition that the normalizer of any subnormal subgroup be subnormal.

Some facts about HN groups:

Subgroups of solvable HN groups are solvable HN groups.

Metanilpotent A-groups are HN groups.

Solvable group
In mathematics, more specifically in the field of group theory, a solvable group or soluble group is a group that can be constructed from abelian groups using extensions.  Equivalently, a solvable group is a group whose derived series terminates in the trivial subgroup.
Cabras Islets
The Cabras Islets or Cabras Islet (Portuguese: Ilhéus das Cabras; literally, Islets of the Goats) is an uninhabited dual islet located along the southern coast of the island of Terceira in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The group, with a total area of 29 hectares (72 acres) and perimeter of 3,239 metres (10,627 ft), is the largest islet in the Azores. Locals normally refer to it as a single islet (Portuguese: O Ilhéu das Cabras), but it comprises two landforms: the Ilhéu Pequeno (Small Islet) and the Ilhéu Grande (Large Islet).

Terceira Island
Terceira (Portuguese pronunciation: [tɨɾˈsɐjɾɐ]) is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago of Portugal, 1,181 km (734 mi) due west of Lisbon. It is one of the larger islands of the archipelago, with a population of 53,311 inhabitants in an area of approximately 396.75 km2 (153.19 sq mi).

Terceira is the location of the Azores' oldest city, Angra do Heroísmo, the historical capital of the archipelago and a UNESCO World Heritage Site; the seat of the judicial system (Supreme Court); and the main insular Portuguese Air Force base, Base Aérea nº 4 at Lajes, with a United States Air Force detachment.

Terceira island has two main sea ports, one at Angra do Heroísmo and the other at Praia da Vitória, and a commercial airport integrated with the flight operations at Lajes. Portuguese bullfighting is popular on the island, in two versions: the traditional equestrian bullfight (in the ring) and the popular "tourada à corda" that occurs in the streets.
Fälö by
60°13′N 18°38′E﻿ / ﻿60.217°N 18.633°E﻿ / 60.217; 18.633
Fälö by is a village in northern Roslagen, Börstil parish, Väddö and Häverö skeppslag, Östhammar, Uppsala County, Sweden. By (village) is a historical entity that was providing a soldier each.

The village lies east of Raggarön, north of Slatön, south of Ormön/Vässarö and west of Singö.

Östhammar
Östhammar is a locality and the seat of Östhammar Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden, with 4,534 inhabitants in 2010. Today Östhammar Municipality is a part of Uppsala County, but the area has historically been a part of Stockholm County.
Justiciability
Justiciability concerns the limits upon legal issues over which a court can exercise its judicial authority. It includes, but is not limited to, the legal concept of standing, which is used to determine if the party bringing the suit is a party appropriate to establishing whether an actual adversarial issue exists. Essentially, justiciability seeks to address whether a court possesses the ability to provide adequate resolution of the dispute; where a court believes that it cannot offer such a final determination, the matter is not justiciable.

Case or Controversy Clause
The Supreme Court of the United States has interpreted the Case or Controversy Clause of Article III of the United States Constitution (found in Art. III, Section 2, Clause 1) as embodying two distinct limitations on exercise of judicial review: a bar on the issuance of advisory opinions, and a requirement that parties must have standing.

In this context, "controversy" means an actual dispute between the parties.
Dedekind eta function
In mathematics, the Dedekind eta function, named after Richard Dedekind, is a modular form of weight 1/2 and is a function defined on the upper half-plane of complex numbers, where the imaginary part is positive. It also occurs in bosonic string theory.

Modular group
In mathematics, the modular group  is the projective special linear group  of  matrices with integer coefficients and determinant , such that the matrices  and  are identified. The modular group acts on the upper-half of the complex plane by linear fractional transformations. The name "modular group" comes from the relation to moduli spaces, and not from modular arithmetic.
Zgniłocha
Zgniłocha [zɡniˈwɔxa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Purda, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Purda and 24 km (15 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, in 1772–1871 of Prussia, in 1871–1945 of Germany, and since 1945 of Poland.

Purda, Poland
Purda [ˈpurda] is a village in Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Purda. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located within the historic region of Warmia.

The historic sights of Purda include the Gothic Saint Michael Archangel church, a typical Warmian old wayside shrine and a Catholic cemetery.

The village was founded in 1384. Polish poet and bishop Ignacy Krasicki visited Purda in 1779.
Raymond Sheppard
Raymond Sheppard (3 March 1913 – 21 April 1958) was a British artist and illustrator of books for children and adults. He wrote books on drawing techniques, but is best known for his illustrations of Ernest Hemingway's 1952 novel The Old Man and the Sea and the works of Jim Corbett.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.
Bermondsey Square
Bermondsey Square is on Tower Bridge Road in Bermondsey, south London, England. It was the site of the 11th-century Bermondsey Abbey. The earliest medieval remains found are a Norman church from around 1080, which was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086. The Abbey grounds were the original site of Bermondsey Market, which still takes place weekly in the Square. The area has subsequently undergone redevelopment and Bermondsey Square now contains apartments, offices, a boutique hotel, restaurants, and a contemporary art gallery.

Long Lane, leading northwest to Borough High Street, linked the Abbey with St George the Martyr church. To the west and heading north from the square is Bermondsey Street, leading to Tooley Street and London Bridge station.

The Arzner, an independent cinema dedicated to queer cinema is based in 10 Bermondsey Square.

Tooley Street
Tooley Street is a road in central and south London connecting London Bridge to St Saviour's Dock; it runs past Tower Bridge on the Southwark/Bermondsey side of the River Thames, and forms part of the A200 road. (grid reference TQ3380.)
A Case of Spring Fever
A Case of Spring Fever is a 1940 American short industrial film produced by the Jam Handy Organization for Chevrolet. The black-and-white film is partially animated, partially live-action. It follows the story of Gilbert, a man whose wish that he never sees a spring again is granted by Coily the Spring Sprite, who makes springs vanish.

Sponsored film
Sponsored film, or ephemeral film, as defined by film archivist Rick Prelinger, is a film made by a particular sponsor for a specific purpose other than as a work of art: the films were designed to serve a specific pragmatic purpose for a limited time. Prelinger estimates that 300,000 industrial and institutional films were made in the U.S. – far more than theatrical films. Many of the films are orphan works since they lack copyright owners or active custodians to guarantee their long-term preservation.
Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo
Honorary Brigadier (Colonel) Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo AVSM (born 6 August 1941), the scion of Dhenkanal is a former Member of Parliament and a retired Indian Territorial Army officer. He was a member of the 4th, 7th, 8th, 10th, 11th and 13th Lok Sabha. He was first elected to Lok Sabha in 1967 representing Swatantra Party.

7th Lok Sabha
The 7th Lok Sabha, (18 January 1980 – 31 December 1984) was elected in 1980 Indian general election. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India nine sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 7th Lok Sabha after the 1980 Indian general election. Indira Gandhi became the Prime minister on 14 January 1980, after INC and alliances won 353 seats, 199 seats more than previous 6th Lok Sabha. Rajiv Gandhi became Prime minister on 31 October 1984 after the assassination of Indira Gandhi. The next 8th Lok Sabha was formed on 31 December 1984 after the 1984 Indian general election. With roughly 9.3% of total MPs being Muslims, the 7th Lok Sabha had more Muslim MPs than any other in Indian history.
Lehenga
The lehenga, lehnga or langa (also known as a ghagra, chaniyo, Paro, paavada, or lacha) is a form of ankle-length skirt from the Indian subcontinent. Different patterns and styles of traditional embroidery are used to decorate lehenga. Gota patti embroidery is often used for festivals and weddings. The lehenga, also known as the ghagra, is a traditional Indian garment that became popular in the 16th century, mainly in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. The lehenga became a favorite attire for Mughal women of all ages and classes due to its royal appeal and convenience. The lehenga is sometimes worn as the lower portion of a gagra choli or langa voni. Ghagra in Hindi (also ghagro in Konknni), was also used to refer to the half slip or petticoat, a skirt worn as an undergarment below the sari.

Slip (clothing)
A slip is a woman's undergarment worn beneath a dress or skirt. A full slip hangs from the shoulders, usually by means of narrow straps, and extends from the breast to the fashionable skirt length. A half slip (or waist slip) hangs from the waist. The word petticoat may also be used for half slips.
1996 World Rowing Championships
The 1996 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held on 11 August 1996 in conjunction with the World Junior Rowing Championships in Motherwell, Strathclyde, Scotland, United Kingdom. The event took place at Strathclyde Country Park. Since 1996 was an Olympic year for rowing, the World Championships did not include Olympic events scheduled for the 1996 Summer Olympics.

World Rowing Championships
The World Rowing Championships is an international rowing regatta organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation). It is a week-long event held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer and in non-Olympic years is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.
Nisterime
Nisterime (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), also known as 2α-chloro-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone 3-O-(p-nitrophenyl)oxime or as 2α-chloro-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one 3-O-(p-nitrophenyl)oxime, is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and a derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) that was never marketed. The C17α acetate ester of nisterime, nisterime acetate (ORF-9326), also exists and was developed as a postcoital contraceptive but was similarly never marketed.

Emergency contraception
Emergency contraception (EC) is a birth control measure, used after sexual intercourse to prevent pregnancy.

There are different forms of EC. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), sometimes simply referred to as emergency contraceptives (ECs), or the morning-after pill, are medications intended to disrupt or delay ovulation or fertilization, which are necessary for pregnancy.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) – usually used as a primary contraceptive method – are sometimes used as the most effective form of emergency contraception. However, the use of IUDs for emergency contraception is relatively rare.
Joseph Cropsey
Joseph Cropsey (New York, August 27, 1919 – Washington, D.C., July 1, 2012) was an American political philosopher and professor emeritus of political science at the University of Chicago, where he was also associate director of the John M. Olin Center for Inquiry into the Theory and Practice of Democracy.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Hobson's choice
A Hobson's choice is a free choice in which only one thing is actually offered. The term is often used to describe an illusion that choices are available. The best known example is "I'll give you a choice: Take it or leave it", wherein "leaving it" is strongly undesirable.

The phrase is said to have originated with Thomas Hobson (1544–1631), a livery stable owner in Cambridge, England, who offered customers the choice of either taking the horse in the stall nearest to the door or taking none at all.

Dilemma
A dilemma (from Ancient Greek  δίλημμα (dílēmma) 'double proposition') is a problem offering two possibilities, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable. The possibilities are termed the horns of the dilemma, a clichéd usage, but distinguishing the dilemma from other kinds of predicament as a matter of usage.
Newquay railway station
Newquay railway station (Cornish: Tewynblustri) serves the town and seaside resort of Newquay in Cornwall, England. It is the terminus of the Atlantic Coast Line from Par, 302 miles 49 chains (302.61 miles, 487.01 km) from the zero point at London Paddington measured via Box and Plymouth Millbay. The station is situated in the heart of Newquay, close to the town centre itself and the beaches. The station is managed by Great Western Railway which operates local branch line services to and from Par. In the summer, there are also services to and from London.

Box railway station
Box railway station served the village of Box in Wiltshire, England. The station was on the main Great Western Railway line from London to Bristol and was opened when the Chippenham to Bath section opened in June 1841.

The station was close to the village of Ashley as a location nearer to Box would be on a steeper gradient and too close to the tunnels. The station hotel survives as the Northey Arms.

The Rev. W. Awdry, author of The Railway Series books lived next to the railway station and would spend many hours with his father watching the passing steam locomotives.

The name board of the former signal box with the name "Box Signal Box" is preserved in the National Railway Museum at York.
Italian destroyer Bombardiere
Bombardiere was one of nineteen Soldati-class destroyers built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Completed in mid-1942, she was part of the second batch of seven ships.

Soldati-class destroyer
The Soldati class  (also known as Camicia Nera class, meaning Blackshirt) were a group of destroyers built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during World War II. The ships were named after military professions (Artigliere, for example, meaning gunner). There were two batches; twelve ships were built in 1938–1939 and a second batch of seven ships were ordered in 1940, although only five were completed.

Ten ships of the class were lost during the war. Three of the survivors were transferred to the French Navy and two to the Soviet Navy as war reparations, while two served in the Italian post-war navy, the Marina Militare.