hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foam Lake (Saskatchewan)
Foam Lake is a shallow lake in the aspen parkland ecoregion of the Canadian Province of Saskatchewan. It was named "Foam Lake" in 1882 by the Milligans (who were the first settlers in the area) because of the large amount of froth that forms on it. The lake and surrounding marsh are a protected area and important wildlife habitat. The primary inflows for the lake, Milligan Creek and Beckett Brook, originate to the south in the Touchwood Hills. From the north shore of the lake, Milligan Creek flows north-west into the salty Quill Lakes. The Quill Lakes are endorheic lakes as they have no outlet.

Foam lake is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north-west of the town of Foam Lake in the RM of Foam Lake No. 276. Access to the lake is from Highways 16 and 310.

Rural Municipality of Foam Lake No. 276
The Rural Municipality of Foam Lake No. 276 (2016 population: 586) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 10 and SARM Division No. 4. It is located in the east-central portion of the province.
Arp 146
Arp 146 (known as PGC 509 and PGC 510) are a pair of interacting galaxies located 1.05 billion light-years away from Earth in the Cetus constellation.  It was discovered by Dewhirst and catalogued by Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov as VV 790. Under the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies created by Halton Arp, they are categorized under galaxies that have associated rings.

Arp 146 is classified as an example of an empty ring galaxy. According to a study, one galaxy appears to have passed through another, leaving behind a ring formed from the bridge material and remnants of the nucleus. The ring is said to be 18"x11" elliptical measuring 20 kpc in diameter but separated from its companion.

Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies
The Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies is a catalog of peculiar galaxies produced by Halton Arp in 1966. A total of 338 galaxies are presented in the atlas, which was originally published in 1966 by the California Institute of Technology. The primary goal of the catalog was to present photographs of examples of the different kinds of peculiar structures found among galaxies.
VAMAS
VAMAS (Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards) is a collaborative project that was initiated at the 1982 G7 Economic Summit in Versailles to develop and promote standards for the characterisation of advanced materials, including surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and nanostructures. Using interlaboratory studies, the VAMAS project has developed a number of standard test methods and reference materials for a wide range of materials. These standards have been widely adopted by industry and academic researchers, and have contributed to the development of new materials and technologies.

Robin Nicholson (metallurgist)
Sir Robin Buchanan Nicholson (12 August 1934 – 15 November 2024) was a British industrial metallurgist and academic, who served as Chief Scientific Adviser, Cabinet Office, from 1983 to 1985. He then joined the board of Rolls-Royce plc, where he served until 2005. He was also a non-executive board member of BP plc and Pilkington plc.
ROF Kirkby
ROF Kirkby, (Filling Factory No. 7) was a large World War II Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF) filling munitions. The factory was based in the rural area of Kirkby, on the outskirts of Liverpool, Merseyside. The rural location was to reduce the potential damage from any accidental explosions. Munitions were produced from September 1940 to March 1946.

Royal Ordnance Factory
Royal Ordnance Factories (ROFs) were munitions factories run by the UK government during and after the Second World War. The three main types of factories were engineering, filling and explosives, and these were dispersed across the country for security reasons. ROFs were the responsibility of the Ministry of Supply and later the Ministry of Defence until privatisation in 1987.
Nema Kunku
Nema Kunku is a village in the Brikama Local Government Area, Gambia. As of the 2013 census, Nema Kunku had a population of 28 651.

Nema Kunku is located near Serekunda, with most of tourism to the area being sparked by Serekunda and the capital, Banjul. Some individuals have taken advantage of the tourism, by operating businesses labeled with names related to such places.

Banjul
Banjul (UK: /bænˈdʒuːl/, US: /ˈbɑːndʒuːl/), officially the City of Banjul, is the capital city of The Gambia. The city of Banjul is located on St Mary's Island (Banjul Island), which is in the Gambia River where it enters the Atlantic Ocean.

The population of the city proper is 26,461, with the Greater Banjul Area, which includes the City of Banjul and the Kanifing municipality, at a population of 405,809 (2024 census). The island is connected to the mainland to the west and the rest of Greater Banjul Area via bridges. There are also ferries linking Banjul to the mainland at the other side of the river.

From the 19th century until 24 April 1973, the city was known as Bathurst.
Benxi Steel Group
Benxi Steel Group Corp., Ltd. known as Benxi Steel Group (or Bengang in China) is a Chinese holding company based in Benxi, Liaoning Province, for two steel making group.

The company was formed in 2010 as the holding company for Benxi Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 本溪钢铁(集团)有限责任公司) and Beitai Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 北台钢铁(集团)有限责任公司), the latter now known as Benxi Beiying Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 本溪北营钢铁(集团)股份有限公司).

According to World Steel Association (Chinese companies data was provided by China Iron and Steel Association), the corporation was ranked the 21st in 2015 the world ranking by production volume.

It was owned by State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of Liaoning Provincial People's Government.

Benxi
Benxi (Chinese: 本溪) is a prefecture-level city located in the east of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, southeast of the provincial capital of Shenyang. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,326,018 (1,709,538 in 2010), of whom 809,655 lived in the built-up area made of 3 urban districts (Pingshan, Xihu and Mingshan). It was founded as a metallurgical center in 1915. Benxi Iron and Steel Company (Bengang) is the largest employer in the city, and used to be the fourth-largest steel company in China. The second-largest industry in Benxi is coal mining. The city has pollution problems due to steel production and coal mining.
Oestophora ortizi
Oestophora ortizi is a species of land snail in the family Trissexodontidae. It is endemic to Spain, where it is known only from Andalucia.

This snail is generally found in oak woodland habitat on limestone substrates. It lives in dense vegetation, sometimes under rocks.

Trissexodontidae
Trissexodontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

This family has no subfamilies. The family Trissexodontidae was separated out from the families Hygromiidae and Helicodontidae, and some authors still classify these species within those families.
Bank barn
A bank barn or banked barn is a style of barn which is accessible from the ground, on two separate levels. Often built into the side of a hill or bank, the upper and the lower floors could both be accessed from the ground, one area at the top of the hill and the other at the bottom. The second level of a bank barn could also be accessed from a ramp if a hill was unavailable.

Examples of bank barns can be found in the United Kingdom, in the United States, in eastern Canada, in Norway, in the Dordogne in France, and in Umbria, Italy, among other places.

English barn
The English barn, or three-bay barn, is a barn style that was most popular in the northeast region of the US, but are the most widespread barn type in America. This barn type is, with the New World Dutch barn, the oldest type and has been called the "...grandfather of the American barn." New barns in this style were constructed for over a century, from the 1770s through the 1900s.
Michele Antonioli
Michele Antonioli (born 31 January 1977 in Bormio) is an Italian short track speed skater who competed in the 1998 Winter Olympics and in the 2002 Winter Olympics.

In 1998, he was a member of the Italian relay team which finished fourth in the 5000 metre relay competition. In the 1000 metre event, he finished 30th.

Four years later, he won the silver medal in the 5000 metre relay contest.

Italian National Olympic Committee
The Italian National Olympic Committee (Italian: Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, CONI; IOC Code: ITA), founded in 1914 and a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), is responsible for the development and management of sports activity in Italy. Within Italy, CONI recognizes 48 national sports federations, 15 associate sports disciplines, 14 promotional sports organizations, and 19 organizations for the betterment of sports.

In total 95,000 sports clubs with 11,000,000 members are recognized. Its 2016 annual budget is 412,900,000 euros which is primarily funded by the Italian government.
2022 Israel State Cup final
The 2022 Israel State Cup final decided the winner of the 2021–22 Israel State Cup, the 86th season of the Israel State Cup. It was played on 24 May 2022 at the Teddy Stadium in Jerusalem, between Maccabi Haifa and Hapoel Be'er Sheva. Hapoel Beer Sheva beat Maccabi Haifa 3–1 in the penalties, after 2–2 in the game.

2021–22 Israel State Cup
The 2021–22 Israel State Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה, Gvia HaMedina) is the 83rd season of Israel's nationwide Association football cup competition and the 67th after the Israeli Declaration of Independence. The competition stated in August 2021.
Wyoming historical monuments and markers
Wyoming historical monuments and markers are markers, signs, statues, monuments, and plaques installed at important historical sites in Wyoming. The historical markers were installed by the State of  Wyoming, nonprofit organizations, and private parties. For the state, different departments have participated in the program, including: Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites, the Wyoming Department of Transportation, and the Wyoming Office of Tourism. The State of Wyoming has one of the oldest sign and marker programs in the United States. The oldest marker is in Albany County and was built in 1875, the Ames Monument, commissioned by the Union Pacific Railroad, in honor of The First transcontinental railroad builders. Many of the Wyoming historical sites later became National Register of Historic Places.

History of Wyoming
There is evidence of prehistoric human habitation in the region known today as the U.S. state of Wyoming stretching back roughly 13,000 years. Stone projectile points associated with the Clovis, Folsom and Plano cultures have been discovered throughout Wyoming. Evidence from what is now Yellowstone National Park indicates the presence of vast continental trading networks since around 1,000 years ago.

The Union Pacific Railroad played a central role in the European colonization of the area. Wyoming would become a U.S. territory in 1868. It was the first state to grant women the right to vote in 1869 (although it was then still a territory). Wyoming would become a U.S. state on July 10, 1890, as the 44th state.
Carex capillacea
Carex capillacea, common name yellowleaf sedge in Tasmania, is a species of sedge (in the Cyperaceae family) found in Assam, the far east of Russia, New Guinea, south east Australia, New Zealand, Malesia, China, Japan and India.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
United Methodist Free Churches
United Methodist Free Churches, sometimes called Free Methodists, was an English Nonconformist denomination in the last half of the 19th century. It was formed in 1857 by the amalgamation of the Wesleyan Association (which had in 1836 largely absorbed the Protestant Methodists of 1828) and the Wesleyan Reformers (dating from 1849, when a number of Methodist ministers were expelled from the Wesleyan Methodist Church on a charge of insubordination).

It merged  with the Bible Christian Church and the Methodist New Connexion to form the United Methodist Church in 1907.

The United Methodist Free Churches had sent missionaries and established congregations in various colonies of Australia. These joined with four other Methodist denominations to unite as the Methodist Church of Australasia in 1902.

Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)
The Wesleyan Methodist Church (also named the Wesleyan Methodist Connexion) was the majority Methodist movement in England following its split from the Church of England after the death of John Wesley and the appearance of parallel Methodist movements.

The word Wesleyan in the title differentiated it from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists (who were a majority of the Methodists in Wales) and from the Primitive Methodist movement, which separated from the Wesleyans in 1807. The Wesleyan Methodist Church followed John and Charles Wesley in holding to an Arminian theology, in contrast to the Calvinism held by George Whitefield, by Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (founder of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion), and by Howell Harris and Daniel Rowland, the pioneers of Welsh Methodism. Its Conference was also the legal successor to John Wesley as holder of the property of the original Methodist societies.
Artis Library
The Artis Library (Dutch: Artis Bibliotheek) is a nineteenth-century library located at Plantage Middenlaan 45 in Amsterdam. Since 2005, the Artis Bibliotheek has been part of the Special Collections at the University of Amsterdam, which in turn has been part of the Allard Pierson Museum since 2019.

Allard Pierson Museum
The Allard Pierson Museum is the archaeological museum of the University of Amsterdam.  It is situated at the Oude Turfmarkt 127 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Artifacts from the ancient civilizations of ancient Egypt, the Near East, the Greek World, Etruria, and the Roman Empire are curated and exhibited in this museum.
Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's javelin throw
The women's javelin throw competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games took place on 9 August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion was Elizabeth Gleadle from Canada.

Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's javelin throw
The women's javelin throw's javelin throw competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 21 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Alicia DeShasier of the United States.
Taylor Adams
Taylor Adams (born 20 September 1993) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Greater Western Sydney Giants from 2012 to 2013 and the Collingwood Football Club from 2014 to 2023.

Glossary of Australian rules football
This list is an alphabetical glossary of Australian rules football terms, jargon and slang. While some of these entries are shared with other sports, Australian rules football has developed a unique and rich terminology.

Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.
Algebraic geometry of projective spaces
The concept of a projective space plays a central role in algebraic geometry. This article aims to define the notion in terms of abstract algebraic geometry and to describe some basic uses of projective spaces.

Picard group
In mathematics, the Picard group of a ringed space X, denoted by Pic(X), is the group of isomorphism classes of invertible sheaves (or line bundles) on X, with the group operation being tensor product. This construction is a global version of the construction of the divisor class group, or ideal class group, and is much used in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds.

Alternatively, the Picard group can be defined as the sheaf cohomology group

For integral schemes the Picard group is isomorphic to the class group of Cartier divisors. For complex manifolds the exponential sheaf sequence gives basic information on the Picard group.

The name is in honour of Émile Picard's theories, in particular of divisors on algebraic surfaces.
Xinshi, Ürümqi
Xinshi District (Chinese: 新市区; pinyin: Xīnshì Qū; Uyghur: يېڭىشەھەر رايونى, romanized: Yéngisheher Rayoni, Yengixəhər Rayoni, Йеңишәхәр Райони) is one of 7 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China.

Xinshi District is also known by its external name Ürümqi high-tech Industrial Development Zone (Chinese: 乌鲁木齐高新技术产业开发区; Uyghur: يۇقىرى، يېڭى تېخنىكىلىق كەسىپلەر تەرەققىيات رايونى). It contains an area of 142 km2 (55 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 360,000. Diwopu Airport is in the township.

When it existed, China Xinjiang Airlines had its headquarters on the airport property.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
2012 Indiana elections
This is a list of elections held in 2012 in the U.S. state of Indiana:

United States presidential election in Indiana, 2012

United States Senate election in Indiana, 2012

United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana, 2012

Indiana gubernatorial election, 2012

2012 United States Senate election in Indiana
The 2012 United States Senate election in Indiana took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the U.S. presidential election as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, and various state and local elections. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Richard Lugar ran for reelection to a seventh term, but was defeated in the primary by Tea Party-backed Richard Mourdock.

U.S. Representative Joe Donnelly, a Democrat from Indiana's 2nd congressional district, was unopposed in his party's primary, and then defeated both Mourdock and Libertarian Andrew Horning in the general election. As of 2025, this is the last time Democrats won any statewide election in Indiana, and the most recent Senate election in which an elected incumbent was defeated in the primary. It was also the last time until 2024 where the opposite party picked up a seat in a cycle after losing the previous one a cycle earlier.
Bio Hunter
Bio Hunter (バイオ・ハンター, Baio Hantā) is a Japanese manga series authored by Fujihiko Hosono. It tells the story about two molecular biologists, Koshigaya and Komada who take on humans with strange viruses that make them less human and more demonic. It was serialized in the Scola manga magazine Comic Burger.

The manga was also adapted into an hour-long single-episode anime OVA, produced by Madhouse Studios and Toei Video, directed by Yuzo Sato and scripted by Yoshiaki Kawajiri. It was distributed throughout the United States and Canada by Urban Vision. The English dub is distributed by MVM Films in the United Kingdom and Madman Entertainment in Australia and New Zealand.

The movie has similar animation and dark urban fantasy themes that Kawajiri worked on before and after Bio Hunter, such as Ninja Scroll, Devilman OVA, X/1999 anime TV series, and Gungrave. Kawajiri, Yamamoto and Maruyama worked again as a team between 1997 and 2000 in making the Madhouse's Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust.

Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust
Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust (吸血鬼ハンターD ブラッドラスト, Banpaia Hantā Dī Buraddorasuto), simply known in Japan as Vampire Hunter D, is a 2000 dark fantasy vampire adventure anime film written for the screen and directed by Yoshiaki Kawajiri. It is based on the 1985 novel Vampire Hunter D: Demon Deathchase by Hideyuki Kikuchi.

The film began production in 1997 and was completed with the intention of being shown in American theaters. It was shown in twelve theaters across the United States and received generally positive reception from American critics.
VS-50 mine
The VS-50 is a circular plastic-cased anti-personnel blast mine that entered production in 1985. It was formerly made by the now-defunct Valsella Meccanotecnica SpA, an Italian high-tech defence company specialized in area denial systems, then produced in limited quantities in Egypt and Iran,  and mass-production in Singapore, one of the world's largest producers of land and sea mines. The company also made the Valmara 69, and was one of the first to implement plastic construction for landmines. The VS-50's design is similar to that of the TS-50 and VS-MK2 mines. It is blast resistant and can be used in a minimum metal configuration. Though unlikely to kill, its explosive charge is quite sufficient to destroy the victim's foot, being capable of penetrating 5 mm of mild steel leaving an 80 mm-diameter hole.

Anti-personnel mine
An anti-personnel mine or anti-personnel landmine (APL) is a form of mine designed for use against humans, as opposed to an anti-tank mine, which target vehicles. APLs are classified into: blast mines and fragmentation mines; the latter may or may not be a bounding mine.

APLs are often designed to injure and maim, not kill, their victims to overwhelm the logistical (mostly medical) support system of enemy forces that encounter them. Some types of APLs can also damage the tracks on armoured vehicles or the tires of wheeled vehicles.

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines has sought to ban mines and destroy stockpile. For this purpose, it introduced in 1997 the Ottawa Treaty, which has not yet been accepted by over 30 states and has not guaranteed the protection of citizens against APLs planted by non-state armed groups.
Languages of South Sudan
South Sudan is a multilingual country, with over 60 indigenous languages spoken. The official language of the country is English which was introduced in the region during the colonial era (see Anglo-Egyptian Sudan).

Some of the indigenous languages with the most speakers include Dinka, Nuer, Shilluk, Bari, and Zande.

Both English and Juba Arabic, an Arabic pidgin used by over a million people especially in the capital city of Juba, serve as lingua francas.

Banda languages
Banda is a family of Ubangian languages spoken by the Banda people of Central Africa. Banda languages are distributed in the Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and South Sudan.
Stuart Evans
Stuart Evans (born 14 June 1963) is a Welsh former rugby union and rugby league player who played from the 1980s up until the early 2000s.

Evans also took up a career in coaching the game after he retired from his long and successful professional playing career, having coached up till 2019.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.