hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
48th Daytime Emmy Awards
The 48th Daytime Emmy Awards, presented by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), honored the best in U.S. daytime television programming in 2020. It took place on June 25, 2021, as a remotely-produced special due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Actress and television host Sheryl Underwood hosted the ceremony for the fifth consecutive time, though this was her first time hosting solo.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 substantially impacted the American television industry.

With the spread of the pandemic in the United States, almost all television entertainment production ceased, except those capable of being produced remotely and/or with reduced personnel.

By June, certain productions resumed after implementing social distancing guidelines, quarantine measures, and other public health protocols.

The pandemic resulted in the most impactful shutdown to the American television industry since the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, which had disrupted nearly all television productions. The ensuing turbulent aftermath sees major reductions in the workforce and cancellations of shows right and left to save money on basic residuals and music licensing costs, which lead to the end of Peak TV and a worsening condition for writers and actors that eventually led to both the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike and 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike.
City Point Railroad
In 1836, the Virginia House of Delegates approved a charter for the City Point Railroad. City Point, Virginia, was just ten years old. The Lower Appomattox Company ran boats of cargo from Petersburg, Virginia, to the large port at City Point. The company knew that the port needed a rail road to be competitive in the 1830s even though this would only be the second rail road in Virginia. Large ships that were too large for Port Walthall or Petersburg had to load and unload at City Point.  Goods for export arrived in Petersburg from farms and plantations by way of the Upper Appomattox Canal Navigation System. The Richmond and Petersburg Railroad bringing coal and goods to port was also chartered in 1836. Coal arriving by boat from the Clover Hill Pits in 1837 and goods would soon be taken on the Clover Hill Railroad to connect with the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad to export from the area ports.

Clover Hill Railroad
The Clover Hill Railroad was a railroad company that operated for 36 years in central Virginia near Richmond. The railroad was created to carry coal most efficiently from the Clover Hill Pits in Winterpock, Virginia, to further transportation points in Chester, Virginia, where it could be sold for a better price than on the Appomattox River in the Piedmont region. This made the railroad important to the Confederacy in the Civil War to ensure a supply of coal for munitions and iron working. The mines were dangerous for the miners, and many accidents occurred. The railroad had to be sold when coal mining declined so that new owners could find other uses for the railroad.
Begonia solananthera
Begonia solananthera, the Brazilian heart begonia, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Begonia, native to southeastern Brazil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Begonia
Begonia  is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species, distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, with Africa considered the center of origin. Some species are commonly grown indoors as ornamental houseplants in cooler climates, or cultivated outside in summertime for their bright colorful flowers, which have petals but no sepals.
Transport in Sheffield
Transport in Sheffield, England is developed around the city's unusual topography and medieval street plan. Once an isolated town, the transport infrastructure changed dramatically in the 19th and 20th centuries. The city now has road and rail links with the rest of the country, and road, bus and trams for local transport.

Beauchief and Greenhill
53°19′52″N 1°29′17″W﻿ / ﻿53.331°N 1.488°W﻿ / 53.331; -1.488

Beauchief and Greenhill ward—which includes the suburban areas of Batemoor, Beauchief, Chancet Wood, Greenhill, Jordanthorpe, Lowedges and Meadowhead—is one of the 28 electoral wards in the City of Sheffield, England. It is in the southern part of the city and covers an area of 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2). The population of the ward in 2016 was estimated to be 19,669 people in 9,209 houses.

It is one of the five wards that form the Sheffield Heeley parliamentary constituency.

The districts of this ward were in the historic county of Derbyshire, but they were annexed into the county borough of Sheffield in 1934, associated with the West Riding of Yorkshire, and were therefore included in the metropolitan county of South Yorkshire in 1974.
Cameron Oliver
Cameron Jaleel Oliver (born July 11, 1996) is an American professional basketball for Elitzur Netanya of the Israeli Basketball Premier League. He played college basketball for the Nevada Wolf Pack. Oliver spent two seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Houston Rockets and Atlanta Hawks from 2021 to 2022. He has played internationally in Israel, Australia, Spain, the Philippines, Puerto Rico and China.

Delaware Blue Coats
The Delaware Blue Coats are an American professional basketball team in the NBA G League based in Wilmington, Delaware. They are the G-League affiliates of the Philadelphia 76ers. The Blue Coats play their home games at Chase Fieldhouse. The Blue Coats are owned by Josh Harris and David Blitzer under Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment (HBSE), who also own the 76ers.

The team was founded in 2007 as the Utah Flash and served as an affiliate to the Utah Jazz. In April 2013, the 76ers acquired the team and relocated it to Newark, Delaware, where it played as the Delaware 87ers (nicknamed the Sevens) until 2018. The team then moved to Wilmington and were rebranded as the Delaware Blue Coats. The team won the 2022–23 G League championship.
Expressway 17 (South Korea)
Iksan–Pyeongtaek Expressway : Iksan, North Jeolla – Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi

Pyeongtaek–Paju Expressway : Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi – Paju, Gyeonggi
Pyeongtaek–Hwaseong Expressway : Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi – Hwaseong, Gyeonggi
Suwon–Munsan Expressway : Hwaseong, Gyeonggi – Paju, Gyeonggi

Hwaseong, Gyeonggi
Hwaseong (Korean: 화성; Korean pronunciation: [ɸa.sʰʌŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It is located on the coast of the Yellow Sea. It has the largest area of farmland of any city or county in Gyeonggi Province. Seoul Subway Line 1 passes through Hwaseong, stopping at Byeongjeom Station. Suin-Bundang Line also passes through the city, stopping at Eocheon Station.

Hwaseong Fortress is located in nearby Suwon.
Harry Williams (rugby union)
Harry Anthony Hall Williams, (born 1 October 1991) in London, England, is an English international rugby union player. He plays as a tighthead prop for Pau in the Top 14. Williams previously played for London Wasps, Nottingham, Jersey Reds, Exeter Chiefs and Montpellier. At International level, Williams made his England debut against Argentina on 10 June 2017.

2016–17 Premiership Rugby
The 2016–17 Aviva Premiership was the 30th season of the top flight English domestic rugby union competition and the seventh one to be sponsored by Aviva. The reigning champions entering the season were Saracens, who had claimed their third title after defeating Exeter Chiefs in the 2016 final. Bristol Bears had been promoted as champions from the 2015–16 RFU Championship after a seven-year absence.

The competition was broadcast by BT Sport for the fourth successive season. Highlights of each weekend's games were shown for the final time on ITV with extended highlights on BT Sport.
Stilleite
Stilleite is a selenide mineral, zinc selenide, with the formula ZnSe. It has been found only as microscopic gray crystals occurring as inclusions in linnaeite associated with other selenide and sulfides. It was originally discovered in Katanga Province, Zaire in 1956 and is named for the German geologist, Hans Stille (1876–1966).

It has been reported from the Santa Brigida mine, La Rioja Province, Argentina and from Tilkerode (Abberode) in the Harz Mountains, Germany. Associated minerals include pyrite, linnaeite, clausthalite, selenian vaesite, molybdenite and dolomite in the Shinkolobwe region of the Congo); and with tiemannite, clausthalite, eucairite, umangite, klockmannite in the  Santa Brigida mine, Argentina.

Linnaeite
Linnaeite is a cobalt sulfide mineral with the composition  Co+2Co+32S4. It was discovered in 1845 in Västmanland, Sweden, and was named to honor Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778).

Linnaeite forms a series with polydymite, Ni+2Ni+32S4. Linnaeite is found in hydrothermal veins with other cobalt and nickel sulfides in many localities around the world.
Pistachio pudding
Pistachio pudding is a green pudding made from pistachio nuts and occasionally contains small chunks of almonds. Jell-O also sells boxed pistachio pudding mix. Boxed pistachio pudding was developed by Kraft Foods in 1975. Pistachio pudding quickly became a staple ingredient in Watergate salad. This pudding is also an ingredient in certain types of cakes, pies, muffins, pastries, and pistachio salad.

Pistachio
The pistachio (/pɪˈstɑːʃioʊ, -ˈstæʃ-/, UK also /pɪˈstætʃ(i)oʊ/; Pistacia vera) is a small to medium-sized tree  of the cashew family. The tree produces seeds that are widely consumed as food.

In 2022, world production of pistachios was one million tonnes, with the United States, Iran, and Turkey combined accounting for 88% of the total.
The Chinnocks
50°54′59″N 02°44′03″W﻿ / ﻿50.91639°N 2.73417°W﻿ / 50.91639; -2.73417

The Chinnocks are three villages in Somerset, England, south west of Yeovil in the Somerset Council unitary authority area:

East Chinnock

Middle Chinnock

West Chinnock

The origin of the name Chinnock is uncertain. It may be derived from the Old English cinu meaning ravine or cinn meaning a chin shaped hill, with the addition of ock meaning little. An alternative derivation may be an old hill-name of Celtic origin.

The three villages have been separate since at least 1066. East Chinnock and West Chinnock are some 3 km apart. Middle Chinnock is close to West Chinnock and since 1884 has been in the civil parish of West Chinnock, now named West and Middle Chinnock.

The three parishes were part of the hundred of Houndsborough.

Middle Chinnock
Middle Chinnock is a village in the civil parish of West and Middle Chinnock, in Somerset, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) north east of Crewkerne. It lies 0.3 miles (0.5 km) east of the larger village of West Chinnock.

In 1881 the parish had a population of 150. Middle Chinnock was an ancient parish, which became a civil parish in 1866. The civil parish was abolished on 25 March 1885 and absorbed into the parish of West Chinnock. In 2003 the parish was renamed West and Middle Chinnock.
1961 Oregon Ducks football team
The 1961 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon as an independent during the 1961 college football season. In their eleventh season under head coach Len Casanova and third as an independent, the Ducks compiled a 4–6 record and outscored their opponents 152 to 112. Three home games were played on campus at Hayward Field in Eugene, with two at Multnomah Stadium in Portland.

Sophomore halfback Mel Renfro played on offense, defense, and special teams and tallied 775 yards, including 335 rushing yards, 199 yards on kickoff returns, 99 passing yards, 86 receiving yards, 49 yards on punt returns, and eight yards on an interception return. Renfro was later inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Quarterback Doug Post led the team with 673 yards of total offense, including 662 passing yards. End Kent Peterson was selected as the team's most valuable player.

Len Casanova
Leonard Joseph Casanova (June 12, 1905 – September 30, 2002) was an American football and baseball player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Santa Clara University (1946–1949), the University of Pittsburgh (1950), and the University of Oregon (1951–1966), compiling a career college football record of 104–94–11. Casanova was also the head baseball coach at Santa Clara from 1940 to 1942, tallying a mark of 39–25. After retiring from coaching, he served as the athletic director at Oregon. Casanova was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1977.
GIR1 branching ribozyme
The Lariat capping ribozyme (formerly called GIR1 branching ribozyme) is a ~180 nt ribozyme with an apparent resemblance to a group I ribozyme.
It is found within a complex type of group I introns also termed twin-ribozyme introns.
Rather than splicing, it catalyses a branching reaction in which the 2'OH of an internal residue is involved in a nucleophilic attack at a nearby phosphodiester bond.
As a result, the RNA is cleaved at an internal processing site (IPS), leaving a 3'OH and a downstream product with a 3 nt lariat at its 5' end. The lariat has the first and the third nucleotide joined by a 2',5' phosphodiester bond and is referred to as 'the lariat cap' because it caps an intron-encoded mRNA. The resulting lariat cap seems to contribute by increasing the half-life of the HE mRNA, thus conferring an evolutionary advantage to the HE.

RNA splicing
RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). It works by removing all the introns (non-coding regions of RNA) and splicing back together exons (coding regions). For nuclear-encoded genes, splicing occurs in the nucleus either during or immediately after transcription. For those eukaryotic genes that contain introns, splicing is usually needed to create an mRNA molecule that can be translated into protein.  For many eukaryotic introns, splicing occurs in a series of reactions which are catalyzed by the spliceosome, a complex of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). There exist self-splicing introns, that is, ribozymes that can catalyze their own excision from their parent RNA molecule. The process of transcription, splicing and translation is called gene expression, the central dogma of molecular biology.
Marianne Jodoin
Marianne Jodoin (born January 12, 1993) is a Canadian former professional tennis player. She was doubles champion at the $50,000 Toronto Challenger in 2009 (with Maureen Drake).

Jodoin grew up in Varennes and had her breakthrough in junior tennis when she won the Canadian national U-16 indoor championships. In 2010 she qualified for the junior draw of the Australian Open and represented Canada at the Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.  For the next four years she played collegiate tennis in the United States, for Fresno State and Duke University. She went on to pursue postgraduate studies back in Canada instead of a career in professional tennis.

Maureen Drake
Maureen Elizabeth Drake (born March 21, 1971) is a Canadian former professional tennis player.

Her career-high WTA singles ranking is No. 47, which she reached on September 13, 1999. Her career-high doubles ranking is No. 77, set on October 30, 2006.

After Drake qualified for the round of 16 at the 1999 Australian Open, there was no Canadian to reach the fourth round of a Grand Slam event until Aleksandra Wozniak at the French Open in 2009.

Drake retired in April 2011 but returned to professional tennis in July 2014. In August 2016, she announced her second and permanent retirement from professional tennis.

Drake is of Slovenian descent through her father.
Crystallography on stamps
The depiction of crystallography on stamps began in 1939 with the issue of a Danzig stamp commemorating Wilhelm Röntgen who discovered X-rays. Crystallographic stamps contribute to crystallography education: 24 : 286  and to the public understanding of science.: 64

Crystallography on stamps was promoted as part of the International Year of Crystallography in 2014.

Garnet
Garnets ( /ˈɡɑːrnɪt/) are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.

Garnet minerals, while sharing similar physical and crystallographic properties, exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions, defining distinct species. These species fall into two primary solid solution series: the pyralspite series (pyrope, almandine, spessartine), with the general formula [Mg,Fe,Mn]3Al2(SiO4)3; and the ugrandite series (uvarovite, grossular, andradite), with the general formula Ca3[Cr,Al,Fe]2(SiO4)3. Notable varieties of grossular include hessonite and tsavorite.

Although garnets are often associated with metamorphism, they can also occur in volcanic rocks on rare occasions.
Samuel Hunt (New Hampshire politician)
Samuel Hunt (July 8, 1765 – July 7, 1807) was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.

Born in Charlestown, New Hampshire, Hunt completed preparatory studies, then studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1790, commencing practice in Alstead. He moved to Keene the same year and in 1795 abandoned the practice of law.  He returned to Charlestown and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He served as member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1802 and 1803.

Hunt was elected as a Federalist to the Seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Peirce. He was reelected to the Eighth Congress and served from December 6, 1802, to March 3, 1805. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1804.

Subsequently, Hunt founded a colony in Ohio. He died in Gallipolis, July 7, 1807, and was interred in Mound Cemetery, Marietta, Ohio.

Joseph Peirce
Joseph Peirce (June 25, 1748 – September 12, 1812) was a United States representative from New Hampshire.

Peirce was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1788, 1789, 1792–1795, 1800, and 1801. He also served as Portsmouth town clerk 1789–1794. He was elected as a Federalist to the Seventh Congress and served from March 4, 1801, until his resignation in 1802. After leaving Congress, he engaged in agricultural pursuits. He died in Alton, New Hampshire on September 12, 1812.
1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1976–77 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup was the eleventh edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, contested between national domestic cup champions, running from 20 October 1976, to 29 March 1977. It was contested by 25 teams, five more than in the previous edition.

The Italian League became the first league to win the competition twice in a row, for a second time, when Birra Forst Cantù defeated Radnički Belgrade, in the final, held in Palma de Mallorca. Cantù had previously defeated defending champions Cinzano Milano, in the semifinals, in the competition's third tie between two clubs from the same country. Cantù was the fourth Italian club to win the FIBA Cup Winners' Cup, after Ignis Varese, Fides Napoli, and Olimpia Milano.

1975–76 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1975–76 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup was the tenth edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, contested between national domestic cup champions, running from 29 October 1975, to 17 March 1976. It was contested by 20 teams, two less than in the previous edition.

Cinzano Milano won its third title in the competition, by defeating the French League club, Tours, in the final held in Turin.
Mach Rider
Mach Rider is a vehicular combat racing video game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo. It was first released for the Famicom console and Nintendo VS. System arcade board in Japan in 1985, then in North America for the VS. System in 1985 and Nintendo Entertainment System in 1986, and then for the PAL region in 1987. It was released on the Virtual Console for the Wii (2007), Nintendo 3DS (2013), Wii U (2014), and on the Nintendo Classics service (2024).

The Japanese Famicom release can use the Famicom Data Recorder to save custom tracks. The feature was missing from the American and European releases, but was retained in all versions of the Virtual Console release except for the 3DS version.

Vehicular combat game
A vehicular combat game (or car combat game) is a vehicle simulation video game where the primary gameplay objectives include vehicles armed with weapons attempting to destroy vehicles controlled by the CPU or by opposing players. The genre normally features a variety of different vehicles available for play, each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and special attack abilities. Players may also unlock hidden vehicles by completing certain in-game tasks. Games may include racing themes, but they are generally secondary to the action.
John J. Fitz Gerald
John Joseph Fitz Gerald (March 7, 1893 – March 17, 1963) was a turf racing writer for the New York Morning Telegraph, from 1912 to 1940 (except for his service in World War I), serving as turf editor for the last 15 years.  He was later the public relations director at various times for Garden State Racetrack and Atlantic City Race Course in New Jersey as well as the Tropical Park Race Track in Miami, Florida.

Fitz Gerald was the sports editor of the Daily Sports Bulletin, a sports daily, in his later years.  His last name was sometimes spelled FitzGerald by others, but Fitz Gerald was the spelling used in his Morning Telegraph column.  He is best known today for popularizing "Big Apple" as a nickname for New York City.

The Morning Telegraph
The Morning Telegraph  (1839 – April 10, 1972) (sometimes referred to as the New York Morning Telegraph) was a New York City broadsheet newspaper owned by Moe Annenberg's Cecelia Corporation. It was first published as the Sunday Mercury from 1839 to 1897 and became The Morning Telegraph in December, 1897.

The paper was devoted mostly to theatrical and horse racing news. It published a Sunday edition as the Sunday Telegraph. On closing, it was replaced by an Eastern edition of Triangle's sister publication, the Daily Racing Form.

Observation:  It isn't clear what the paper was called on Sundays.  The New York Public Library website displays an article in a page headed "THE MORNING TELEGRAPH, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1926" - see     https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/322482e0-c608-012f-625e-58d385a7bc34
Effacement (histology)
Effacement is the shortening, or thinning, of a tissue.

It can refer to cervical effacement. It can also refer to a process occurring in podocytes in nephrotic syndrome.

In histopathology, it refers to the near obliteration of a tissue, as in the normal parenchyma of tissues in the case of some cancers.

Parenchyma
Parenchyma (/pəˈrɛŋkɪmə/) is the bulk of functional substance in an animal organ such as the brain or lungs,  or a structure such as a tumour. In zoology, it is the tissue that fills the interior of flatworms. In botany, it is some layers in the cross-section of the leaf.
National Highway 42 (India, old numbering)
National Highway 42 (or NH 42) is a National Highway of India entirely within the state of Odisha. It links NH 5 northeast of the city of Cuttack with NH 6 in Sambalpur. NH 6 runs for a total length of 261 km (162 mi).

National Highway 6 (India)
National Highway 6, commonly referred to as NH 6, is a primary national highway in India. The highway passes through the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam, and Mizoram. Before renumbering of national highways NH-6 was variously numbered as old national highways 40, 44, 154 & 54.