hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pethbugh
Pethbugh is a village in Anantnag tehsil in Anantnag District in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is located 7 km (4.3 mi) towards the south from the district headquarters Anantnag and 64 km (40 mi) from the summer capital of Srinagar. The Pin code of Pethbugh is 192210 and postal head office is Dialgam. The present Lambardar of Pethbugh is Mr. Fayaz Ahmad Bhat. Pethbugh is surrounded by Anantnag Tehsil towards the north, Qazigund Tehsil towards the south, Qaimoh Tehsil towards the west, and Pahloo Tehsil towards the east. Anantnag, Srinagar, Udhampur, and Rajauri are the nearby cities to Pethbugh. This place is in the border of the Anantnag and Kulgam districts. The nearest Railway Station (1.5km). Towards the west is SADURA. The Block Office of the village is BDO Office Larkipora  (Shahabad). The nearest villages on boundary line are, Dialgam, Kamad, Ugjan, Schichen, Fathepora, and Sadoora.

Qazigund
Qazigund (Urdu pronunciation: [qɑːziː ɡʊnɖ], Kashmiri pronunciation: [qəːzʲ ɡonɖ]), also known as Gateway Of Kashmir, is a town and in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Qazigund is located at 33°35′N 75°10′E﻿ / ﻿33.59°N 75.16°E﻿ / 33.59; 75.16. It has an average elevation of 1670 m (5478 feet) above mean sea level. Due to its geographically ambiguous location, Qazigund is associated with both Anantnag and Kulgam districts. However, administratively, it falls under Anantnag district.
Junior Japan
Junior Japan is a national representative rugby union team of the Japan rugby union. It is a second-tier side to the Japan national rugby union team. Junior Japan competes in the World Rugby Pacific Challenge against teams such as Samoa A, Fiji Warriors, and Argentina's Pampas XV.

The Junior Japan squad was formed in 2012 from players just outside the main Japanese national squad. In the first year, the team played a match in Tokyo against the Tongan national side, before joining the Pacific Rugby Cup in 2013.

Fiji Warriors
The Fiji Warriors, also referred to as Fiji A, is a national representative rugby team of rugby union in Fiji. It is the second-tier side to the Fiji national team. The Warriors team is selected from players in the Fijian domestic competitions and competes in the World Rugby Pacific Challenge against Samoa A and Tonga A. Since 2016, the Fiji Warriors team has played in the Americas Pacific Challenge against national A teams from North and South America.
Lili Rosen
Lili Rosen is an American transgender actress and cultural consultant. She is best known for her work on the Netflix series Unorthodox, which garnered her the AFI award for best television series in 2020. She made headlines when she came out as transgender after playing the Rabbi in Unorthodox, and published the first LGBTQ resource in Yiddish translation. In another first, in 2024, she developed and performed The Second Circumcision of Lili Rosen, the first theatrical show by a "trans woman of Hasidic experience."

Minyan (film)
Minyan is a 2020 American LGBT-related coming-of-age drama film written by Eric Steel and Daniel Pearle. It was directed by Eric Steel, in his feature film debut. It is based on a short story of the same name by David Bezmozgis. The film stars Samuel H. Levine, Ron Rifkin, Christopher McCann, Brooke Bloom, Alex Hurt, Chris Perfetti, and Mark Margolis in his final film role before his death in 2023. It had its world premiere at the 2020 Berlin International Film Festival and was nominated for Best Feature Film. It went on to screen at Los Angeles Outfest, where it won the Grand Jury Award for Outstanding U.S. Narrative Feature. The film was received favorably by critics.
History of Azad Kashmir
The history of Azad Kashmir, a disputed part of the Kashmir region currently administered by Pakistan, is related to the history of the Kashmir region during the Dogra rule. Azad Kashmir borders the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west respectively, Gilgit–Baltistan to the north, and the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the east. The region is claimed by India and has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

President of Azad Kashmir
The president of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: صدرِ آزاد کشمیر, romanized: s̤adr-i Azād Kaṣhmīr lit. 'President of Azad Kashmir', Urdu pronunciation: [s̤ə'dr-e: a:'za:d kə'ʂmi:r]), officially the president of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, is the constitutional and ceremonial head of state of Azad Kashmir.

The president is elected by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly for a term of five years, under the provisions of the Azad Jammu & Kashmir (Interim Constitution) Act, 1974.
Nadia (film)
Nadia is a 1984 made-for-television biopic directed by Alan Cooke about Olympic gymnast Nadia Comăneci. Comăneci herself had nothing to do with the production of the film (the content of which was described to her by others). She stated at the time of its release that those involved with the film never made contact with her: "I sincerely don't even want to see it, I feel so badly about it. It distorts my life so totally."

Márta Károlyi
Márta Károlyi (Hungarian: [ˈmaːrtɒ ˈkaːroji]; née Erőss; born August 29, 1942) is a Romanian-American gymnastics coach and the former national team coordinator for USA Gymnastics. She and her husband, Béla, are ethnic Hungarians from Transylvania, Romania, who trained athletes in Romania, including  Nadia Comăneci, before defecting to the United States in 1981. Béla and Márta Károlyi have trained nine Olympic champions, fifteen world champions, sixteen European medalists and many U.S. national champions, including Comăneci, Mary Lou Retton, Betty Okino, Kerri Strug, Teodora Ungureanu, Phoebe Mills, Kim Zmeskal, and Dominique Moceanu.
Schaffenaker Mountain
Schaffenaker Mountain is a forested mountain ridge of the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The ridge runs southwest northeast between Edwards Run (and its surrounding Parks Valley) and Dillons Run. Schaffenaker Mountain takes its name from the Schaffenaker family that settled in the immediate area. The Northwestern Turnpike (U.S. Route 50) climbs Schaffenaker Mountain to the west of the town of Capon Bridge offering a bird's eye view of the community and of the Cacapon River. Until recently, the mountain had remained mostly undeveloped but its views and proximity to Capon Bridge have made it a prime location for real estate development by companies such as the North American Land Corporation.

U.S. Route 50 in West Virginia
U.S. Route 50 (US 50) in West Virginia runs from the border with Ohio to Virginia, passing briefly through Garrett County, Maryland, and following the Northwestern Turnpike.  Prior to the U.S. Highway System it was West Virginia Route 1 and in the 1930s, the road was not finished in Maryland. Today the section of US 50 from Clarksburg to Parkersburg on the Ohio River is part of Corridor D of the Appalachian Development Highway System.

Between Parkersburg and Wolf Summit, Route 50 roughly parallels the North Bend Rail Trail and crosses the trail at three places.
Cape Cod Cubs (EHL)
The Cape Cod Cubs were a professional ice hockey team that played at the Cape Cod Coliseum in South Yarmouth, Massachusetts.

The Cubs started play as an expansion franchise in the Eastern Hockey League in 1972, the same year their home arena, the Cape Cod Coliseum, was constructed. An affiliate of the National Hockey League's Boston Bruins, their general manager was Jack Crawford, a former All-Star defenceman with the Bruins, and they were coached by former Bruin Bronco Horvath. The Cubs won the EHL's Central Division championship in their first year of play. When the EHL folded, the Cubs became founding members of the North American Hockey League for the 1973–74 season. After the season, the team was renamed as the 'Cape Codders'.

South Yarmouth, Massachusetts
South Yarmouth is an unincorporated village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Yarmouth in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 11,092 at the 2010 census, the highest of the three CDPs in Yarmouth.
Robinson Rentería
Luis Robinson Rentería Cuesta is a Colombian retired footballer who played as striker. 
In 2016, his cousin Manuel Palacios died of stomach wounds after a group of assailants broke into Robinson's parents house.

2008–09 South African Premiership
The 2008–09 South African Premiership, known as the ABSA Premiership for sponsorship purposes, and also commonly referred to as the PSL after the governing body, was the thirteenth season of the Premiership since its establishment in 1996.

Supersport United were the defending champions, having won their first Premiership title on the final day of the previous season. The campaign began in August 2008, ended in May 2009. A total of 16 teams contested in the league, 14 of which contested in the 2007–08 season, and two of which were promoted from the National First Division.
Jeff Malpas
Jeff Malpas FAHA is an Australian philosopher and emeritus distinguished professor at the University of Tasmania in Hobart. Known internationally for his work across the analytic and continental traditions, Malpas is also at the forefront of contemporary philosophical research on the concept of "place" (topography or topology), as first and most comprehensively presented in his Place and Experience: A Philosophical Topography—now in its second edition—and further developed in numerous subsequent works.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
HIV/AIDS in Guatemala
HIV/AIDS in Guatemala is a prevalent issue in that country. As of 2023, it is estimated that 35,000 adults and children are living with HIV in Guatemala, or approximately 0.20% of the population. Of these people, approximately 72% are on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

With less than 1% of the adult population estimated to be HIV-positive, Guatemala is considered to have a concentrated epidemic. However, Guatemala–currently Central America's most populous country–accounts for nearly one-sixth of Central America's HIV-infected population.

Men who have sex with men
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are men who engage in sexual activity with other men, regardless of their sexual orientation or sexual identity. The term was created by epidemiologists in the 1990s, to better study and communicate the spread of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS between all sexually active males, not strictly those identifying as gay, bisexual, pansexual or various other sexualities, but also for example male prostitutes. The term is often used in medical literature and social research to describe such men as a group. It does not describe any specific kind of sexual activity, and which activities are covered by the term depends on context. The alternative term "males who have sex with males" is sometimes considered more accurate in cases where those described may not be legal adults.
Paesia
Paesia is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family Dennstaedtiaceae described as a genus in 1833. Species are known from South America, Central America, East Asia, and New Caledonia.

accepted species

Paesia acclivis (Kunze) Kuhn - Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Paesia amazonica (Christ) C. Chr. - Loreto Region in Peru

Paesia anfractuosa (Christ) C. Chr. - Panama, Costa Rica

Paesia glandulosa (Sw.) Kuhn - Panama, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia

Paesia rugulosa (Labill.) Kuhn - Vietnam, New Caledonia

Paesia scalaris (Mett.) Kuhn

Paesia taiwanensis W.C. Shieh - Taiwan

unresolved species include

Paesia scaberula (A.Rich.) Kuhn

Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtiaceae is one of fifteen families in the order Polypodiales, the most derived families within monilophytes (ferns). It comprises 10 genera with ca 240 known species, including one of the world's most abundant ferns, Pteridium aquilinum (bracken). Members of the order generally have large, highly divided leaves and have either small, round intramarginal sori with cup-shaped indusia (e.g. Dennstaedtia) or linear marginal sori with a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin (e.g. Pteridium).  The morphological diversity among members of the order has confused past taxonomy, but recent molecular studies have supported the monophyly of the order and the family. The reclassification of Dennstaedtiaceae and the rest of the monilophytes was published in 2006, so most of the available literature is not updated.
Jair Bolsonaro 2022 presidential campaign
The Jair Bolsonaro 2022 presidential campaign was officialized on 24 July 2022 in Rio de Janeiro. His running mate was former Minister of Defence Walter Braga Netto. Incumbent president Jair Bolsonaro, elected in 2018 for the first term, ran for re-election and a second term but ultimately lost to Lula da Silva.

Bruno & Marrone
Bruno & Marrone are a Brazilian sertanejo/pop/country duo from Goiânia, formed in 1988 by singers Bruno (vocals and guitar) and Marrone (vocals and accordion).

Bruno (b. Vinicius Felix de Miranda, 1969) performed for a decade as a solo musician before approaching Leandro e Leonardo for help finding a partner. They introduced him to Marrone (b. José Roberto Ferreira, 1964), a concertina player. Their debut was released by Warner Records in 1995; they have enjoyed a successful and prolific career since then, releasing more than one album per year. In 2002, they won a Latin Grammy for their DVD release.
Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets
The Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets is a semi-arid tropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion in the Horn of Africa. It is home to diverse communities of plants and animals, including several endemic species.

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands is a terrestrial biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. The biome is dominated by grass and/or shrubs located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes. Tropical grasslands are mainly found between 5 degrees and 20 degrees in both North and south of the Equator.
RAF Carew Cheriton
Royal Air Force Carew Cheriton, or more simply RAF Carew Cheriton, is a former Royal Air Force station near Carew, Pembrokeshire, Wales. It was 4.7 miles (7.6 km) north west of Tenby.

It covered, and was larger than, the site of the First World War airship station, RNAS Pembroke (aka Milton), which had been decommissioned and sold off by the Admiralty during the interwar period. It opened in the 1939, for RAF Coastal Command. The station was transferred to RAF Technical Training Command in 1942 and closed in 1945.

No. 217 Squadron RAF
No. 217 Squadron RAF was a squadron of the RAF.  It was formed and disbanded four times between 1 April 1918 and 13 November 1959.  In World War I it served in a strike role against enemy bases and airfields in Belgium.  In World War II as part of RAF Coastal Command it served first in a maritime patrol role along the Western Approaches and later in an anti-shipping role in the English Channel.  Ordered to the Far East in 1942, the squadron was retained for two months in Malta in an anti-shipping role, protecting Allied convoys, before moving to Ceylon to defend the approaches to India, serving in an anti-submarine and anti-shipping role.  It was equipped and training for a strike role, when the war ended.  In the postwar period, it served for five years in a maritime reconnaissance role, and then briefly in a support role for Operation Grapple, the British hydrogen bomb tests on Christmas Island.
Timeline of 1960s counterculture
The following is a timeline of 1960s counterculture. Influential events and milestones years before and after the 1960s are included for context relevant to the subject period of the early 1960s through the mid-1970s.

National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
The Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, which became the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, was a coalition of American antiwar activists formed in November 1966 to organize large demonstrations in opposition to the Vietnam War. The organization was informally known as "the Mobe".

Individuals and organizations associated either with the Spring Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam or the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam include Dr. Benjamin Spock and SANE, Sidney Peck, Eric Weinberger, David Dellinger, Jerry Rubin, James Bevel, Stew Albert, A. J. Muste, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Coretta Scott King, Rennie Davis, Karen Wald, Fred Halstead, Bradford Lyttle, Charles Owen Rice, Vietnam Summer, Cornell Professor Robert Greenblatt (who became national coordinator of the Mobilization to End the War), and Tom Hayden.
Michael Deane (cricketer)
Michael Deane (born 9 March 1977) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Derbyshire in 1999.

Despite signing a contract in the 1999 season, after a successful run in the 1998 Second XI, and despite being amongst Dominic Cork's preferred non-signings for the Derbyshire team, he failed to appear often within the starting lineup of the first team, though his occasional swing bowling was enough to put even the most experienced of batsmen off, catching players like Anthony McGrath and Richard Blakey off guard.

Deane had been playing in the Second XI since 1994, where he debuted against a Durham team who drew their game after forfeiting their second innings. He appeared regularly in the Second XI Championship in 1998 and 1999, but only made two County Championship appearances, as a tailend batsman.

Anthony McGrath
Anthony McGrath (born 6 October 1975) is an English cricket coach and former first-class cricketer, who played county cricket for Yorkshire County Cricket Club from 1995 to 2012. He was a right-handed batsman and bowled part-time right-arm medium pace and twice captained Yorkshire, in the 2003 and 2009 seasons. He is the younger brother of the rugby league and union coach, Damian McGrath.

In October 2024 McGrath was appointed the head coach of Yorkshire after nine years holding various coaching roles at Essex County Cricket Club.
Hugh Montgomerie, 4th Earl of Eglinton
Hugh Montgomerie, 4th Earl of Eglinton (1563–1586) was a Scottish landowner.

He was a son of Hugh Montgomerie, 3rd Earl of Eglinton and Agnes Drummond, a daughter of Sir John Drummond of Innerpeffray, (and a granddaughter of James IV of Scotland).

For most of his life he was known as the "Master of Eglinton". The principal home of the family was Eglinton Castle.

His father died in 1585, and his mother Agnes Drummond (d. 1589) married Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond.

He was killed at Stewarton on 18 April 1586 by associates of James Cunningham, 7th Earl of Glencairn, including Alexander Cunningham of Aiket.

David Cunningham of Robertland was one of those implicated in the murder. He was said to have joined the Earl's companions two years before the murder. He fled to Denmark and was rehabilitated when James VI of Scotland married Anne of Denmark and joined her household.

Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond
Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond (1550–1600) was a Scottish landowner.

Patrick was the son of David Drummond, 2nd Lord Drummond and Lilias Ruthven (d. 1579), daughter of William Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven and Janet Halyburton, Lady Dirleton.

The English commander in Scotland during the Marian Civil War, William Drury, noted Drummond's activities in April 1572. There was a meeting of nobles in Perth, said to be to discuss the affairs of the young newly married Lord Drummond and his mother, Lilias Ruthven, Lady Drummond. Drury heard the Lords at Perth also intended to band together in a faction, but a quarrel between the Earl of Argyll and Atholl ended this.

Lord Drummond went to France and returned in February 1583.
Mahmoud Hammoud (footballer)
Mahmoud Hassan Hammoud (Arabic: مَحْمُود حَسَن حَمُّود; 3 July 1964 – 4 December 2021), also known as Hajj Mahmoud Hammoud (Arabic: الْحَاجّ مَحْمُود حَمُّود), was a Lebanese football player and manager.

Hammoud played as a striker for Nejmeh and the Lebanon national team during the 1980s and 1990s. He coached various Lebanese Premier League sides, most notably Ahed and Shabab Sahel, as well as the Lebanon national team

Lebanon national under-23 football team
The Lebanon national under-23 football team (Arabic: منتخب لبنان تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم), also known as the Lebanon Olympic football team (Arabic: منتخب لبنان الأولمبي لكرة القدم), represents Lebanon in international under-23 association football competitions. Controlled by the Lebanese Football Association (LFA), the squad is governed by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) continentally, and FIFA worldwide. The team also serves as the national under-22 football team of Lebanon.

The team is composed of players under the age of 23, with the exception of the Olympic Games, where up to three overage players are permitted. Although they have never qualified for the Olympic Games, they competed in the 2026 AFC U-23 Asian Cup and the 2002 Asian Games, with group-stage exits in both instances. The team also compete in the Arab Games and the WAFF U-23 Championship.
Independent Energy Partners
Independent Energy Partners, Inc. (IEP) is an oil shale resources company based in Parker, Colorado, the United States. It is a developer of the Geothermic Fuels Cells Process, an in-situ shale oil extraction process.  CEO of the company is Alan K. Forbes.

Parker, Colorado
Parker is a home rule municipality in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. As a self-declared "town" under the home rule statutes, Parker is the second most populous town in the county; Castle Rock is the most populous (the community of Highlands Ranch, with a population of over 100,000, is an unincorporated CDP). In recent years, Parker has become a commuter town at the southeasternmost corner of the Denver metropolitan area. The population was 58,512 at the 2020 census. Parker is now the 19th most populous municipality in the state of Colorado.
Glantane
Glantane (Irish: An Gleanntán) is a village located 10 km (6.2 mi) south west of the town of Mallow, County Cork, Ireland on the L1212 local road. Glantane is within the Cork North-West Dáil constituency.

Lombardstown
Lombardstown (Irish: Baile Lombaird)  is a village 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of the town of Mallow in County Cork, Ireland. It takes its name from the Lombard family who came to Ireland from Lombardy in Northern Italy in the Middle Ages and became rich and prominent, with branches of the family in Waterford and Cork. Lombardstown is within the Dáil constituency of Cork North-West.

It has a co-op, a post office and is the site of a Dairygold Agri Business plant.