hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HD 34557
HD 34557 is a double star in the northern constellation of Auriga. The fainter star has an angular separation of 0.380″ from the primary component. They have a combined apparent magnitude of 5.52, making HD 34557 faintly visible to the naked eye from dark skies. Based upon parallax measurements made with the Hipparcos satellite, this system is roughly 244 light years away. The primary component is spinning rapidly, with a projected rotational velocity of 217 km/s. It has a stellar classification of A3V, making it an A-type main sequence star.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.
Fish maw
Fish maw (also fish sound) is the swim bladder of a fish, eaten as offal. Typically dried or fried but also cooked from fresh, fish maw is largely collagen. It is a traditional food in cuisines dominated by fishing, and a particular delicacy in Chinese cuisine—one of the four sea delicacies—as well as a valued ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. The modern demand for fish maw from Pacific Asia supports wildlife trade worldwide for quality fish maw, which has in turn led to wildlife smuggling and poaching.

Chinese bahaba
The Chinese bahaba (Bahaba taipingensis), also known as the giant yellow croaker, is a critically endangered species of marine and brackish water fish in the family Sciaenidae. It is a large fish, reaching lengths up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and weights of 100 kg (220 lb). It is found on the coast of China, from the Yangtze River estuary southwards to the Pearl River estuary, including the waters of Hong Kong and Macau. Its natural habitats are shallow seas, subtidal aquatic beds, rocky shores, and estuarine waters.
Tavo Burat
Tavo Burat (born Gustavo Buratti Zanchi, 22 May 1932 – 8 December 2009) was an Italian Waldensian writer and journalist. Burat spent much of his life defending the Piedmontese language island. Beginning in 1964, Burat was the secretary of an international association that defends languages and cultures threatened with extinction. He specifically focused on defending Piedmontese and Franco-Provençal.

Federation of the Greens
The Federation of the Greens (Italian: Federazione dei Verdi, FdV), frequently referred to as Greens (Verdi), was a green political party in Italy. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the Federation of Green Lists and the Rainbow Greens.

The FdV was part of the European Green Party and the Global Greens. In July 2021 it was merged into Green Europe.
2016 World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships – Women's sprint
The women's sprint event at the 2016 World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships was held in Cluj-Napoca, Romania on 23 May 2018.

The title of world champion was won by Pole Beata Włodarczyk, who defeated Slovene Brigita Strelec in the final. Bronze medals went to semi-finalists French Gwennaelle Adler and Bosnian Tatjana Zlojutro.

2016 World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships
The 2016 World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships was the sixth edition of the world singles championships and was held in Novigrad, Croatia, from 22 May to 28 May 2018.

In the men's sprint and single triumphed Vilmoš Zavarko (Serbia), while gold medal in the combined was won by Serbian Igor Kovačić. In the women's sprint triumphed Beata Włodarczyk (Poland), while in the single and combined Croatian Ines Maričić, who set a new world records in both competitions: 675 pins in single and 876 pins in combined. Mixed tandem rivalry was won by Romanians Luminita Viorica Dogaru and Nicolae Lupu.
Sulfur assimilation
Sulfur assimilation is the process by which living organisms incorporate sulfur into their biological molecules. In plants, sulfate is absorbed by the roots and then transported to the chloroplasts by the transpiration stream where the sulfur are reduced to sulfide with the help of a series of enzymatic reactions. Furthermore, the reduced sulfur is incorporated into cysteine, an amino acid that is a precursor to many other sulfur-containing compounds. In animals, sulfur assimilation occurs primarily through the diet, as animals cannot produce sulfur-containing compounds directly. Sulfur is incorporated into amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, which are used to build proteins and other important molecules.

Vacuole
A vacuole (/ˈvækjuːoʊl/) is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells. Vacuoles are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution, though in certain cases they may contain solids which have been engulfed. Vacuoles are formed by the fusion of multiple membrane vesicles and are effectively just larger forms of these. The organelle has no basic shape or size; its structure varies according to the requirements of the cell.
Pleistocene rewilding
Pleistocene rewilding is the advocacy of the reintroduction of extant Pleistocene megafauna, or the close ecological equivalents of extinct megafauna. It is an extension of the conservation practice of rewilding, which aims to restore functioning, self-sustaining ecosystems through practices that may include species reintroductions.

Muskox
The muskox (Ovibos moschatus) is a hoofed mammal of the family Bovidae. Native to the Arctic, it is noted for its thick coat and for the strong odor emitted by males during the seasonal rut, from which its name derives. This musky odor has the effect of attracting females during mating season. Its Inuktitut name "umingmak" translates to "the bearded one".

Its Woods Cree names "mâthi-môs" and "mâthi-mostos" translate to "ugly moose" and "ugly bison", respectively. In historic times, muskoxen primarily lived in Greenland and the Canadian Arctic of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. They were formerly present in Eurasia, with their youngest natural records in the region dating to around 2,700 years ago, with reintroduced populations in the U.S. state of Alaska, the Canadian territory of Yukon, and Siberia, and an introduced population in Norway, part of which emigrated to Sweden, where a small population now lives.
Markarian 1034
Markarian 1034 (Mrk 1034) is a pair of spiral galaxies comprising PGC 9074 and PGC 9071, located in the constellation Triangulum. They are located at a distance of 465 million light-years from Earth and are classified as luminous infrared galaxies.

Luminous infrared galaxy
Luminous infrared galaxies or LIRGs are galaxies with luminosities above 1011 L☉. They are also referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) through their normal method of detection. LIRGs are more abundant than starburst galaxies, Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable luminosity. Infrared galaxies emit more energy in the infrared than at all other wavelengths combined. A LIRG's luminosity is 100 billion times that of the Sun.

Galaxies with luminosities above 1012 L☉ are known as ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Galaxies exceeding 1013 L☉ are characterised as hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs). Those exceeding 1014 L☉ are extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs). Many of the LIRGs and ULIRGs are showing interactions and disruptions. Many of these types of galaxies spawn about 100 new stars a year as compared to the Milky Way which spawns one a year; this helps create the high level of luminosity.
Northern University High School
Northern University High School was a small high school in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States, run by the University of Northern Iowa. It comprised grades 9-12 of the Pk-12 Malcolm Price Laboratory School. It closed in July 2012 under controversy and university budget cuts. It was mostly demolished in June 2013, save for the athletics Wing; part of this wing was re-purposed into the UNI Childhood Development center, previously housed in the building's east wing.

University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.
Canada Christian College
Canada Christian College and School of Graduate Theological Studies, also known as Canada Christian College, is a private, degree-granting evangelical Bible college in Whitby, Ontario, Canada that was founded in 1967. The College is recognized by the Ministry of Colleges and Universities in Ontario to grant fourteen degrees and is listed as a Designated Learning Institute. As of 2025, over 7,500 people have graduated from Canada Christian College.

Bible college
A Bible college, sometimes referred to as a Bible institute or theological institute or  theological seminary, is an evangelical Christian or Restoration Movement Christian institution of higher education which prepares students for Christian ministry with theological education, Biblical studies and practical ministry training.

Bible colleges primarily offer undergraduate degrees, but may also offer graduate degrees, lower-level associate degrees, certificates or diplomas in specialized areas of Christian training where a full degree is not required.
Basketball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of the basketball at the 2008 Olympics at Beijing, China began on August 9 and ended on August 23, when the United States defeated Australia 92–65 for the gold medal. All games were held at the Wukesong Indoor Stadium.

Time in China
The time in China follows a single standard time offset of UTC+08:00, where Beijing is located, even though the country spans five geographical time zones. It is the largest sovereign nation in the world that officially observes only one time zone.

The nationwide standardized time is named Beijing Time (BJT; Chinese: 北京时间) domestically and China Standard Time (CST) internationally. Daylight saving time has not been observed since 1991.

China Standard Time (UTC+8) is consistent across Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau. It is also equivalent with Taiwan, Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, most of Mongolia, Malaysia, Irkutsk Time of Russia, Western Australia, and Central Indonesia.
1997 Allan Cup
The 1997 Allan Cup was the Canadian senior ice hockey championship for the 1996–97 senior "AAA" season.  The event was hosted by the Powell River Regals in Powell River, British Columbia.  The 1997 tournament marked the 89th time that the Allan Cup has been awarded.

Allan Cup
The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the senior ice hockey champions of Canada. It was donated by Sir Montagu Allan of Ravenscrag, Montreal, and has been competed for since 1909. It was most recently won by the Wentworth Gryphins in 2025.
Ferdinand Habsburg (racing driver)
Ferdinand Habsburg-Lothringen  (given names: Ferdinand Zvonimir Maria Balthus Keith Michael Otto Antal Bahnam Leonhard; born 21 June 1997) is an Austrian motor racing driver and heir apparent to the headship of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He is driving in the FIA World Endurance Championship with Alpine Endurance Team and European Le Mans Series with Nielsen Racing.

Habsburg won the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the FIA World Endurance Championship in the LMP2 class alongside Charles Milesi and Robin Frijns in 2021.

Circuit Paul Ricard
The Circuit Paul Ricard (French pronunciation: [siʁkɥi pɔl ʁikaʁ]) is a French motorsport race track built in 1969 at Le Castellet, Var, near Marseille, with finance from pastis magnate Paul Ricard. Ricard wanted to experience the challenge of building a racetrack. The circuit has hosted the FIA Formula One French Grand Prix intermittently from 1971 to 2022.
Front and Center
Front and Center is an American television series that aired on public television in 2012, presented by PBS member station WLIW.  The series was originally called Front Row Center and was developed by the producers of Soundstage. The show features Grammy Award winners, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductees, chart topping artists, and emerging artists. Front and Center profiles some of the music world's better known artists and combines behind the scenes interviews with intimate performances.

Soundstage (TV series)
Soundstage is an American live concert television series produced by WTTW Chicago and HD Ready. The original series aired for 13 seasons between 1974 and 1985; a new series of seasons began in 2003, with the latest (Season 11) starting in April 2018, each presented in high-definition with surround sound. Some performances have been made available on DVD. The performances are taped on stage at the WTTW television studio in Chicago, as well as large venues throughout the United States.

Airing nationally on PBS, MTV Live, CMT, Rave HD, and GAC, as well as internationally in over 20 countries, the program features intimate performances by well-established as well as up-and-coming artists.
Mashkan-shapir
Mashkan-shapir (Maškan-šāpir) (modern Tell Abu Duwari, Al Qadisyah Governorate, Iraq) was an ancient tell roughly 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Nippur and around 90 miles (140 km) southeast of Baghdad. The city god of Mashkan-shapir was Nergal and a temple named Meslam dedicated to him was built there. It is about 20 kilometers south of ancient Malgium and about 30
kilometers from ancient Larsa. The remnants of a large watercourse, thought to be an ancient bed of the Tigris or Euphrates, pass close to the city.

Old Babylonian Empire
The Old Babylonian Empire, or First Babylonian Empire, is dated to c. 1894–1595 BC, and comes after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period. The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated; there is a Babylonian King List A and also a Babylonian King List B, with generally longer regnal lengths. In this chronology, the regnal years of List A are used due to their wide usage.
Mark Deyell
Mark Kenneth Deyell (born March 26, 1976) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who was drafted by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League (NHL). As of 2020, Deyell ranks 4th in the Saskatoon Blades all-time leaders in points and 80th in the Western Hockey League all-time leaders in assists. He led the Western Hockey League with 159 points in its 1995–96 season, earning the Bob Clarke Trophy; since then, no other player has surpassed this single-season performance.

1995–96 WHL season
The 1995–96 WHL season was the 30th season of the Western Hockey League (WHL), featuring seventeen teams and a 72-game regular season. The Brandon Wheat Kings won the franchise's fourth Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for posting the best regular season record, and followed this up in the playoffs by securing their second President's Cup as league champions, their first since 1978–79.

The Calgary Hitmen joined the WHL as its seventeenth franchise, and the first to be located in Calgary since the Calgary Wranglers in 1987. The Tacoma Rockets relocated to Kelowna, British Columbia and became the Kelowna Rockets.
Extended Resolution Compact Disc
Extended Resolution Compact Disc (XRCD) is a mastering and manufacture process patented by JVC (Victor Company of Japan, Ltd) for producing Red Book compact discs. It was first introduced in 1995.

An XRCD is priced about twice as high as a regular full-priced CD. JVC attributes this to the higher cost of quality mastering and manufacturing.

Dither
Dither or dithering is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error, preventing large-scale patterns such as color banding in images. Dither is routinely used in processing of both digital audio and video data, and is often one of the last stages of mastering audio to a CD.

A common use of dither is converting a grayscale image to black and white, so that the density of black dots in the new image approximates the average gray level in the original.
K-19 (Kansas highway)
K-19 is a 33.915-mile-long (54.581 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kansas. From U.S. Route 50 (US-50) to K-19 Spur it is signed as north–south and from K-19 Spur to US-281 it is signed as east–west. K-19's southern terminus is at US-50 in Belpre, and the eastern terminus is at US-281 east of Seward.

Before state highways were numbered in Kansas, there were auto trails. The southern terminus follows the former New Santa Fe Trail. The northern terminus of K-19 Spur follows the former National Old Trails Road and Old Santa Fe Trail. K-19 was first designated in 1926, and at that time started in Belpre and ended in Larned. Then between 1931 and 1932, K-19 was extended east, from south of Larned, along the former K-37 designation to K-8, now US-281.

U.S. Route 281 in Kansas
U.S. Route 281 (US-281) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from near the Mexican border north to the International Peace Garden, north of Dunseith, North Dakota, at the Canadian border, where it continues as Highway 10. In the state of Kansas, US-281 is a main north–south highway that runs from the Oklahoma border north to the Nebraska border. US-281 passes within one mile (1.6 km) to the east of the Geographic center of the contiguous United States, which its connected to via K-191 (Kansas highway) (K-191).

Between 1933 and 1936, US-281 was extended south into Kansas to US-36 south of Lebanon. Then between July 1938 and 1940, US-281 was extended south into Oklahoma.
Bears Ears
The Bears Ears are a pair of buttes located in San Juan County in southeastern Utah, United States. They are protected as part of and the namesake of the Bears Ears National Monument, managed by the Bureau of Land Management and United States Forest Service. The Bears Ears are bordered on the west by Dark Canyon Wilderness and Beef Basin, on the east by Comb Ridge and on the north by Indian Creek and Canyonlands National Park. Rising 2,000 feet (610 m) above Cedar Mesa to the south, the Bears Ears reach 8,700 feet (2,700 m) in elevation and are named for their resemblance to the ears of a bear emerging from the horizon.

Canyonlands National Park
Canyonlands National Park is a national park of the United States located in southeastern Utah near the town of Moab. The park preserves a colorful landscape eroded into numerous canyons, mesas, and buttes by the Colorado River, the Green River, and their respective tributaries. Legislation creating the park was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 12, 1964.

The park is divided into four districts: the Island in the Sky, the Needles, the Maze, and the combined rivers—the Green and Colorado—which carved two large canyons into the Colorado Plateau. While these areas share a primitive desert atmosphere, each retains its own character. Author Edward Abbey, a frequent visitor, described the Canyonlands as "the most weird, wonderful, magical place on earth—there is nothing else like it anywhere."
Terentia gens
The gens Terentia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Dionysius mentions a Gaius Terentius Arsa, tribune of the plebs in 462 BC, but Livy calls him Terentilius, and from inscriptions this would seem to be a separate gens. No other Terentii appear in history until the time of the Second Punic War. Gaius Terentius Varro, one of the Roman commanders at the Battle of Cannae in 216 BC, was the first to hold the consulship. Members of this family are found as late as the third century AD.

Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names. Although conventionally referred to as the tria nomina, the combination of praenomen, nomen, and cognomen that have come to be regarded as the basic elements of the Roman name in fact represent a continuous process of development, from at least the seventh century BC to the end of the seventh century AD. The names that developed as part of this system became a defining characteristic of Roman civilization, and although the system itself vanished during the Early Middle Ages, the names themselves exerted a profound influence on the development of European naming practices, and many continue to survive in modern languages.
Capture of Liège (1702)
The capture of Liège took place between 13 and 31 October of 1702 during the War of the Spanish Succession. It formed part of the Grand Alliance's campaign to secure the Meuse valley. Anglo-Dutch forces under the Duke of Marlborough occupied the city without resistance on 15 October, but the Citadel of Liège and the Chartreuse fort continued to be held by Bourbon troops from France, Spain, the Bishopric of Liège, and the Electorate of Cologne.

After a week of intense bombardment and assaults directed by the Dutch engineer Menno van Coehoorn, the citadel capitulated on 23 October, followed by the surrender of the Chartreuse on 31 October. The victory resulted in the capture of several thousand French troops and secured Allied control of the Meuse region. The fall of Liège was Marlborough's final and most important success of the 1702 campaign, laying the groundwork for further operations along the Meuse and the Rhine.

Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)
The Grand Alliance  was signed on 20 December 1689 by William III, King of England and Scotland, and  Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. A coalition between the Dutch Republic, England, and the Habsburg Monarchy, its primary purpose was to oppose the expansionist policies of Louis XIV of France.

With the subsequent additions of Spain and Savoy, the Grand Alliance fought the 1688 to 1697 Nine Years' War against France that ended with the Peace of Ryswick. It was reformed by the 1701 Treaty of The Hague prior to the War of the Spanish Succession, and dissolved in 1713 following the Peace of Utrecht.
Surface Book
The Surface Book is a 2-in-1 PC designed and produced by Microsoft, part of the company's Surface line of personal computing devices, and released on October 26, 2015. Surface Book is distinguished from other Surface devices primarily by its full-sized, detachable keyboard, which uses a dynamic fulcrum hinge that expands when it is opened. The keyboard contains a second battery, a number of ports and an optional discrete graphics card used when the screen part, also dubbed as the clipboard by Microsoft, is docked to it. Unlike Surface Pro devices, which are marketed as tablets, the Surface Book is marketed as a laptop, Microsoft's first device marketed as such. Unlike the Surface Laptop devices, the two parts are detachable. It was succeeded by Surface Book 2.

Mini DisplayPort
The Mini DisplayPort (MiniDP or mDP) is a miniaturized version of the DisplayPort audio-visual digital interface.

It was announced by Apple in October 2008, and by early 2013 all new Apple Macintosh computers had Mini DisplayPort, as did the LED Cinema Display. However, in 2016 Apple began phasing out the port and replacing it with the new USB-C connector. The Mini DisplayPort is also fitted to some PC motherboards, video cards, and some PC notebooks from Asus, Microsoft, MSI, Lenovo, Toshiba, HP, Dell, and other manufacturers.

Apple offers a no fee license for the Mini DisplayPort but the license automatically terminates should the licensee "commence an action for patent infringement against Apple".