hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gottenheim
Gottenheim is an independent village at the northern tip of the Tuniberg, 15 km west of Freiburg im Breisgau. It is located in the administrative region Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Situated at an altitude of 207 m in one of the warmest regions of Germany, Gottenheim has a population of 2,912.

The total area of Gottenheim is 2183 acres (8.83 km2), which includes 275 acres (1.11 km2) of vines, 538 acres (2.18 km2) alluvial forest and some acres of half-bog.

Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (French: Arrondissement de Brisgau-Haute-Forêt-Noire) is a Landkreis (district) in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Fifty towns and municipalities with 133 settlements lie within the district. The district itself belongs to the region of Freiburg with the region of Southern Upper Rhine.

The municipal offices are in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau which is almost entirely surrounded by Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, but is independent of it. In addition, the council has three satellite offices in Müllheim, Titisee-Neustadt and Breisach am Rhein.
SS California (1848)
SS California was one of the first steamships to steam in the Pacific Ocean and the first steamship to travel from Central America to North America. She was built for the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, which was founded on April 18, 1848, as a joint stock company in the State of New York by a group of New York City merchants: William H. Aspinwall, Edwin Bartlett, Henry Chauncey, Mr. Alsop, G.G. Howland, and S.S. Howland. She was the first of three steamboats specified in a government mail contract to provide mail, passenger, and freight service from Panama to and from San Francisco and Oregon.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
Hilbert–Carleman determinant
In functional analysis, the Hilbert–Carleman determinant is an operator determinant for certain integral operators on Banach spaces, whose kernels are not necessarily continuous. Unlike Fredholm determinant which is generally not defined for integral operators whose kernels are discontinuous on the diagonal, the Hilbert–Carleman determinant can be defined even when this condition fails. Similarly to the Fredholm determinant, the Hilbert–Carleman determinant is defined for sums of the form  where  is the identity operator and  is an integral operator.

The Hilbert–Carleman determinant is named after David Hilbert and Torsten Carleman.

Fredholm determinant
In mathematics, the Fredholm determinant is a complex-valued function which generalizes the determinant of a finite dimensional linear operator. It is defined for bounded operators on a Hilbert space which differ from the identity operator by a trace-class operator (i.e. an operator whose singular values sum up to a finite number). The function is named after the mathematician Erik Ivar Fredholm.

Fredholm determinants have had many applications in mathematical physics, the most celebrated example being Gábor Szegő's limit formula, proved in response to a question raised by Lars Onsager and C. N. Yang on the spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model.
Wirschweiler
Wirschweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Herrstein
Herrstein (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁʃtaɪn]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen.
The Bartlett
The Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, also known as The Bartlett, is the academic centre for the study of the built environment at University College London (UCL), United Kingdom. It is home to thirteen departments, with specialisms including architecture, urban planning, construction, project management, public policy and environmental design.

The Bartlett is consistently ranked highest in Europe, and among the highest in the world, for architecture and the built environment categories in major rankings. It is currently ranked the first in the world for the year 2025.

UCL East
UCL East is a campus of University College London located at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. Operations at the campus began with the opening of One Pool Street in 2022 and the campus was formally opened with the opening of the Marshgate building in 2023. The 2017 masterplan for the campus calls for the construction of another four buildings in the 2030s.
Huancas District
Huancas is one of the 21 districts of Chachapoyas Province in the Amazonas Region of northern Peru. It is bounded to the north by Valera District, to the east by Sonche District, to the south by Chachapoyas District, and to the west by Luya District and Lámud District.

Valera District
Valera is a district of Bongará Province, in the Department of Amazonas, Peru. It includes the villages of San Pablo (capital of Valera), Cocahuayco, Cocachimba-La Coca, Nuevo Horizontes and Tingorbamba. The Gocta waterfall, 771 m (2,530 ft) high, is easily accessible from either San Pablo or Cocachimba, which are both accessible by road. The waterfall is a 6 km (3.7 mi). walk on a hiking trail, or by horseback from San Pablo. The capital, San Pablo, is at 1,900 m (6,200 ft) above sea level, and has an idyllic climate. It is lush, with around 1 metre (39 in) of annual rainfall and an average high temperature of 25 °C. It is traversed by the Utcubamba River. It is situated between the cities of Pedro Ruiz Gallo and Chachapoyas.
Yellowhawk Creek
Yellowhawk Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It is a distributary of Mill Creek, and flows into the Walla Walla River south of College Place.

Yellowhawk Creek was named after Chief Petumromusmus (Yellowhawk), a Cayuse leader.

Walla Walla River
The Walla Walla River is a tributary of the Columbia River, joining the Columbia just above Wallula Gap in southeastern Washington in the United States. The river flows through Umatilla County, Oregon, and Walla Walla County, Washington. Its drainage basin is 1,758 square miles (4,550 km2) in area.
COSCO Beijing
COSCO Beijing is a container ship built in 2006, by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. in South Korea. Beijing is owned by Capetanissa Maritime Corp of Greece, and operated by COSCO Container Lines Co Ltd (COSCON).

Container ship
A container ship (also called boxship or spelled containership) is a cargo ship that carries all of its load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. Container ships are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo.

Container ship capacity is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). Typical loads are a mix of 20-foot (1-TEU) and 40-foot (2-TEU) ISO-standard containers, with the latter predominant.

Today, about 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container ships, the largest of which, from 2023 onward, can carry over 24,000 TEU.
Burton (near Tarporley)
Burton is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Duddon and Burton, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. In the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 50.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Iron Valley mine
The Iron Valley mine is a small iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, 75 kilometres (47 mi) northwest of Newman, 270 kilometres (170 mi) south of Port Hedland, and 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of the Yandicoogina mine.

Newman, Western Australia
Newman, originally named Mount Newman until 1981, is a town in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.  It is located about 1,186 kilometres (737 mi) north of Perth, and 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of the Tropic of Capricorn.  It can be reached by the Great Northern Highway. Newman is a modern mining town, with homes contrasting with the surrounding reddish desert. As of the 2021 census, Newman had a population of 6,456. The Hickman Crater, a meteorite impact crater discovered in 2007, is 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Newman.
Hideyuki Yokoyama
Hideyuki Yokoyama (横山 英幸, Yokoyama Hideyuki; born 13 May 1981) is a Japanese economist and politician who has served as the incumbent mayor of Osaka since 9 April 2023. He graduated from Kwansei Gakuin University with a degree in economics in 2004 and immediately began a career under the Osaka prefectural government. He was elected to the Osaka Prefectural Assembly in April 2011 and won a further two terms in April 2015 and April 2019. He was elected as Osaka Restoration Association / Nippon Ishin No Kai candidate for mayor of Osaka in the April 2023 Osaka mayoral election following the previous incumbent, Ichirō Matsui's retirement from politics following the defeat of the Osaka Metropolis Plan in a 2020 referendum. He was reelected in 2026.

Ichirō Matsui
Ichirō Matsui (松井一郎, Matsui Ichirō; born 31 January 1964) is a Japanese businessman and former politician who is the former mayor of Osaka, leader of the Osaka Restoration Association (ORA) and Nippon Ishin no Kai alongside Nobuyuki Baba.
Grapeland Heights
Grapeland Heights is a neighborhood in the city of Miami, Florida, United States. It is just east of Miami International Airport and north of Miami's West Flagler neighborhood. It is primarily a single-family residential neighborhood with a significant maritime industry along the neighborhood's eastern end along the Miami River.

West Flagler
West Flagler (formerly West Little Havana) is a neighborhood in Miami, Florida, United States, bisected by Flagler Street.  It is roughly located north of the Tamiami Trail (US 41/South Eighth Street) and south of North Seventh Street, between State Road 9 (West 27th Avenue) to the east and LeJeune Road (West 42nd Avenue) to the west.
Sierra de la Demanda (comarca)
Sierra de la Demanda is a comarca located south-east of the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is bounded on the north-east by the Montes de Oca comarca, north-west by the Alfoz de Burgos, south-east by the province of Soria, south-west by the Ribera del Duero comarca, on the east by the province of La Rioja and west by the Arlanza comarca. It is named after the mountain sub-range of Sierra de la Demanda, the northwesternmost end of the Sistema Ibérico.

Ribera del Duero (comarca)
The Ribera del Duero is a comarca or district located at the southern tip of the province of Burgos, part of the Spanish autonomous community of Castile and León. The capital of the Ribera del Duero comarca or district is the town of Aranda de Duero.

The Ribera del Duero comarca slightly overlaps the Ribera del Duero D.O. wine region but only in the province of Burgos. The Ribera del Duero D.O. wine region stretches about 115km along "the banks of the river Duero" touching the provinces of Soria, Burgos, Segovia and Valladolid. It is bounded on the north by Arlanza comarca, south by the Province of Segovia, on the east by the province of Valladolid and on the west by the Sierra de la Demanda comarca and the province of Soria.

There are about 68 towns and villages (mostly villages) in the Ribera del Duero comarca.
Miguel Urrutia Art Museum
The Museo de Arte Miguel Urrutia (MAMU) (English: Miguel Urrutia Art Museum) is an art museum located in La Candelaria neighborhood of Bogotá, Colombia. It is managed by the Bank of the Republic of Colombia and used to display its art collection which numbered 6,222 works in 2018.

The MAMU is part of the Banrepcultural Network along with the Museo Botero, the Gold Museum, the Luis Ángel Arango Library, and the Museo Casa de Moneda.

Andrés de Santa Maria
Andrés de Santa María (December 16, 1860 – April 29, 1945) was the most internationally known Colombian painter of his time and the pioneer of impressionism in Colombia. His work in solitary as a vanguardist painter frames the beginnings of modern art in Colombia. Santa Maria's search for new artistic expressions generated rejection and controversies around his work. He lived a great part of his life in Europe.
Gautam Biswas
Gautam Biswas (Bengali: গৌতম বিশ্বাস; born 23 May 1956) is an academic serving as a Senior Professor Emeritus in Mechanical Engineering at BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus from January 2025. Earlier, Prof. Biswas served as the director of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, and director of the CSIR - Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute at Durgapur. He was the G.D. and V.M. Mehta Endowed Chair Professor, and Dean of Academic Affairs at IIT Kanpur. His total tenure in various capacities at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur lasted from 1990 to 2024.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
Shield of the Trinity
The Shield of the Trinity or Scutum Fidei (Latin for 'shield of faith') is a traditional Christian visual symbol which expresses many aspects of the doctrine of the Trinity, summarizing the first part of the Athanasian Creed in a compact diagram. In late medieval Europe, this emblem was considered to be the heraldic arms of God, and of the Trinity.

Butley, Suffolk
Butley is a village and civil parish in the English county of Suffolk.

Butley lies 7+1⁄2 miles (12 km) east of the town of Woodbridge on the B1084 (Orford) road. Administratively, Butley forms part of the East Suffolk district; from 1934 to 1974 it had been part of the former Deben Rural District, and then from 1974 to 2019 it had been part of the former Suffolk Coastal District Council.
12th Jogja-NETPAC Asian Film Festival
The 12th Jogja-NETPAC Asian Film Festival was held from 1 to 8 December 2017 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 114 films from 24 countries were screened during the festival. Garin Nugroho's Nyai opened the festival and it closed with Kirsten Tan's drama film Pop Aye. The year's edition included a new competition section called Indonesian Screen Awards which honored the achievement of Indonesian feature films.

The festival's most prestigious award, Golden Hanoman Award, was presented to drama film The Seen and Unseen by Kamila Andini.

Jogja-NETPAC Asian Film Festival
The Jogja-NETPAC Asian Film Festival (JAFF) is an annual film festival held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The festival has partnered with the Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema (NETPAC) since its inaugural edition in 2006. It aims to introduce Asian cinema to a wider audience and provides a space for arts, culture, and tourism.

The most recent edition, 20th Jogja-NETPAC Asian Film Festival was held from 29 November to 6 December 2025.
Belarusian resistance movement
Belarusian resistance movement are the resistance movements on the territory of contemporary Belarus. Wars in the area - Great Northern War and the War of the Polish Succession - damaged its economy further. In addition, Russian armies raided the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the pretext of the returning of fugitive peasants. By mid-18th century their presence in the lands of modern Belarus became almost permanent.

The last attempt to save the Commonwealth's independence was a Polish–Belarusian–Lithuanian national uprising of 1794 led by Tadeusz Kościuszko, however it was eventually quenched.

Eventually by 1795 Poland was partitioned by its neighbors. Thus a new period in Belarusian history started, with all its lands annexed by the Russian Empire, in a continuing endeavor of Russian tsars of "gathering the Rus lands" started after the liberation from the Tatar yoke by Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia.

Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.
Napoleon Tiara
The Napoleon Tiara was a papal tiara given to Pope Pius VII in June 1805 a few months after he presided at the coronation of Napoleon I. While lavishly decorated with jewels, it was deliberately too small and heavy to be worn and meant as an insult to the Pope. In the painting of The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-Louis David, the tiara is held behind the Pope by one of his attendants.

Emerald
Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium. Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. Most emeralds have many inclusions, so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate. It occurs mainly in association with quartz, muscovite, albite, schorl, microcline, fluorite, smoky quartz and elbaite.
Chai Wan station
Chai Wan (Chinese: 柴灣) is the eastern terminus of the MTR Island line on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is the only station on the Island line that is elevated. The station is located at the junction of Chai Wan Road and Island Eastern Corridor, and serves Siu Sai Wan and Chai Wan, a primarily residential and industrial town. The bus terminus nearby has bus and minibus routes to Siu Sai Wan and Stanley, as well as the nearby residential developments. Chai Wan was also the southernmost railway station in Hong Kong, prior to the opening of Lei Tung station on the South Island line on 28 December 2016.

There were no platform screen doors when this station was opened, but the MTR Corporation has retrofitted automatic platform gates on both platforms in 2011.

Lei Tung station
Lei Tung (Chinese: 利東; Cantonese Yale: Leihdūng) is an underground MTR rapid transit station in Hong Kong on the eastern section of the South Island line, located beside Mount Johnston on Ap Lei Chau in Southern District.

The station is named after the adjacent public housing estate of the same name, which it serves in addition to Ap Lei Chau Main Street. The station is located below Yue On Court and Lei Tung Estate. It is the southernmost railway station in Hong Kong.
Juniper Beach Provincial Park
Juniper Beach Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Thompson Country region of south central British Columbia, Canada. The facility is on the north side of the Thompson River, west of the town of Savona, and downstream from the Kamloops Lake outflow. On BC Highway 1, the locality is by road about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Cache Creek and 65 kilometres (40 mi) west of Kamloops.

Cache Creek, British Columbia
50°48′43″N 121°19′24″W﻿ / ﻿50.81194°N 121.32333°W﻿ / 50.81194; -121.32333

Cache Creek is a historic transportation junction and incorporated village 354 kilometres (220 mi) northeast of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada. It is on the Trans-Canada Highway in the province of British Columbia at a junction with Highway 97.  The same intersection and the town that grew around it was at the point on the Cariboo Wagon Road where a branch road, and previously only a trail, led east to Savona's Ferry on Kamloops Lake. This community is also the point at which a small stream, once known as Riviere de la Cache, joins the Bonaparte River.
Peor es Nada
Peor es Nada (lit. Worse is Nothing) is a rural area located in the commune of Chimbarongo, the Colchagua Province of the O'Higgins Region of Chile.

Peor es Nada is an eminently rural place, mainly dependant on fruit production (pears and apples), mostly concentrated in the San Ignacio estate. However, the construction of Convento Viejo Reservoir, threatens this source of income, since it would flood agricultural areas of the San Ignacio farm, as well as two other locations in Chimbarongo: Convento Viejo and San Miguel.

Chimbarongo
Chimbarongo, Chile, is a city and commune located 160 km (99 mi) south of Santiago in the Colchagua Province of the O'Higgins Region. Many people in Chimbarongo make their living weaving wickerwork and baskets from mimbre.
Paras Ram Bhardwaj
Paras Ram Bhardwaj (1 October 1948 – 19 October 2015) was an Indian politician and a member of the 12th Lok Sabha representing Sarangarh (Lok Sabha constituency) of Madhya Pradesh State till 2000 and from Chhattisgarh State later.

He was elected as a member of the 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th Lok Sabha of India Parliament.

Parasram Bhardwaj died on 19 October 2015 due to cardiac arrest.

7th Lok Sabha
The 7th Lok Sabha, (18 January 1980 – 31 December 1984) was elected in 1980 Indian general election. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India nine sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 7th Lok Sabha after the 1980 Indian general election. Indira Gandhi became the Prime minister on 14 January 1980, after INC and alliances won 353 seats, 199 seats more than previous 6th Lok Sabha. Rajiv Gandhi became Prime minister on 31 October 1984 after the assassination of Indira Gandhi. The next 8th Lok Sabha was formed on 31 December 1984 after the 1984 Indian general election. With roughly 9.3% of total MPs being Muslims, the 7th Lok Sabha had more Muslim MPs than any other in Indian history.