hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahpahkum Indian Reserve No. 4
Mahpahkum Indian Reserve No. 4, officially Mahpahkum 4, is an Indian reserve at the northwest end of Deserters Island in the Deserters Group of the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada.  It is 7.8 hectares in size and is one of the reserves under the governance of the Gwa'Sala-Nakwaxda'xw band government of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples.

Queen Charlotte Strait
Queen Charlotte Strait is a strait between Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It connects Queen Charlotte Sound with Johnstone Strait and Discovery Passage and via them to the Strait of Georgia and Puget Sound. It forms part of the Inside Passage from Washington to Alaska.  The term Queen Charlotte Strait is also used to refer to the general region and its many communities, notably of the Kwakwakaʼwakw peoples. Despite its name, Queen Charlotte Strait does not lie between Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) and the mainland; that body of water is named Hecate Strait.
A Study in Terror
A Study in Terror is a 1965 British thriller film directed by James Hill and starring John Neville as Sherlock Holmes and Donald Houston as Dr. Watson. It was filmed at Shepperton Studios, London, with some location work at Osterley House in Middlesex.

Although based on Arthur Conan Doyle's characters, the story is an original one, which has the famous detective on the trail of Jack the Ripper. The story of A Study in Terror challenges Sherlock Holmes to solve these horrific crimes. This leads Holmes through a trail of aristocracy, blackmail and family insanity. Unlike Scotland Yard, and the real-life story, Holmes eventually discovers the true identity of the Ripper.

The film had its world premiere at the Leicester Square Theatre in the West End of London on 4 November 1965. A Study in Terror presents the first film appearance of Mycroft Holmes.

Shepperton Studios
Shepperton Studios is a film studio located in Shepperton, Middlesex, England, with a history dating back to 1931. It is now part of the Pinewood Studios Group. During its early existence, the studio was branded as Sound City (not to be confused with the Californian Sound City Studios).
2024 West Virginia Mountaineers baseball team
The 2024 West Virginia Mountaineers baseball team represented West Virginia University during the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Mountaineers played their home games at Kendrick Family Ballpark as a member of the Big 12 Conference. They were led by head coach Randy Mazey, in his 12th season at West Virginia.

Randy Mazey
Randy Mazey (born May 23, 1966) is an American college baseball coach. He was most recently the head baseball coach at West Virginia University, a position he had held from 2013 until 2024. Mazey attended Clemson University, where he played baseball for the Tigers from 1985 to 1988. Following a brief professional playing career, Mazey began his coaching career in 1990 as an assistant at Clemson. He was the head coach of Charleston Southern from 1994 to 1996 and East Carolina from 2003 to 2005, leading both teams to NCAA Division I Tournament appearances, Additionally, he was named the ABCA East Region Coach of the Year in 2004.  After seven years as an assistant at TCU, Mazey was named the head coach at West Virginia in July 2012. Mazey was named the Big 12 Conference Baseball Coach of the Year in 2019 and 2023. While also again being named ABCA East Region Coach of the Year in 2017, 2019 and 2024.
Royal Naval Hospital, Stonehouse
The Royal Naval Hospital, Stonehouse was a medical facility for naval officers and other ranks at Stonehouse, Plymouth. It was opened in 1760, so becoming the second Royal Naval Hospital in Great Britain (after RNH Haslar, which had first received patients some seven years earlier). When in operation, it was officially known as Royal Hospital, Plymouth (or Royal Naval Hospital, Plymouth).

The hospital closed in 1995; it is now a gated residential complex called The Millfields. The 26-acre (11 ha) site is a conservation area, containing over 20 listed buildings and structures. The main quadrangle is described as 'a complex of outstanding historical significance in the development of institutions for the care of the sick, which forms the principal part of a remarkable and complete military hospital'.

Medical Assistant (Royal Navy)
The Medical Assistant is a Royal Navy medical rating in the United Kingdom. Medical Assistants serve on all types of ships in the surface fleet, submarine fleet, Royal Marines, Fleet Air Arm or ashore in a sick bay, hospitals, or other establishment. The equivalent rate in the United States Navy (USN) is hospital corpsman.
Quinctia gens
The gens Quinctia, sometimes written Quintia, was a patrician family at ancient Rome.  Throughout the history of the Republic, its members often held the highest offices of the state, and it produced some men of importance even during the imperial period.  For the first forty years after the expulsion of the kings the Quinctii are not mentioned, and the first of the gens who obtained the consulship was Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus in 471 BC; but from that year their name constantly appears in the Fasti consulares.

As with other patrician families, in later times there were also plebeian Quinctii.  Some of these may have been the descendants of freedmen of the gens, or of patrician Quinctii who had voluntarily gone over to the plebs.  There may also have been unrelated persons who happened to share the same nomen.

Pliny the Elder relates that it was the custom in the Quinctia gens for even the women not to wear any ornaments of gold.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Hidden Valley, Ventura County, California
Hidden Valley is a valley in the Santa Monica Mountains, in southeastern Ventura County, Southern California. The unincorporated community in the valley is an equestrian ranch community with single family houses on 20-acre or more (8.1 ha) parcels of land. Residents rely on wells as the Hidden Valley Municipal Water District does not provide drinking water.

Santa Monica Mountains
The Santa Monica Mountains are a coastal mountain range in Southern California, next to the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Transverse Ranges. The Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area protects nearly all of this mountain range, and extends beyond it in places. Because of its proximity to densely populated regions, it is one of the most visited natural areas in California.
African Urban Youth Languages
African Urban Youth Languages is an umbrella term for languages formed and spoken in the urban areas of Africa that have resulted from language contact in their populations that has been caused by migration into cities in the latter part of the 20th century.
It encompasses languages such as Camfranglais, Indoubil, Lingla ya Bayankee, Nouchi, Sheng, and Engsh.
There is some degree of linguistic prejudice against calling these languages, but they are not pidgins nor creole languages.
They have been variously named "urban vernaculars" or "urban youth languages" in linguistic literature, although the name African Urban Youth Language, coined for a linguistics conference in Cape Town in 2013, has come to be the accepted name, not least because of the simplicity of its acronym AUYL.

Cant (language)
A cant is the jargon or language of a group, often employed to exclude or mislead people outside the group. It may also be called a cryptolect, argot, pseudo-language, anti-language or secret language. Each term differs slightly in meaning; their uses are inconsistent.
Wern-ddu Farmhouse, Llantilio Pertholey
Wern-ddu farmhouse, Llantilio Pertholey, Monmouthshire is a farmhouse of 17th century origins. It has been significantly altered in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries and the Monmouthshire antiquarian, Sir Joseph Bradney recorded that it had "suffered so much by continual alterations that it shows but little of its antiquity". It is a Grade II* listed building.

John Newman (architectural historian)
John Arthur Newman FSA (14 December 1936 – 19 April 2023) was an English architectural historian. He was the author of several of the Pevsner Architectural Guides and was the advisory editor to the series.
Hi Uncle Sam
Hi Uncle Sam! is a poem by Irish poet Rev. William Forbes Marshall. It asks of Americans that they remember the input and support of immigrants from Ulster on the United States throughout the American Revolution.

The poem was published in Marshall's book, Ulster Sails West, which was published in 1911. A mural in Newtownards displays a verse of the poem. The poem was also put to music and recorded by the Ulster Scots Folk Orchestra and verse was used by the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland in their Emigration Series publication.

The "Uncle Sam" of title refers to the later personification of the United States.

Uncle Sam
Uncle Sam is a common national personification of the United States, depicting the federal government or the country as a whole. Since the early 19th century, Uncle Sam has been a popular symbol of the U.S. government in American culture and a manifestation of patriotic emotion. Uncle Sam has also developed notoriety for his appearance in military propaganda, made popular in 1917 World War I recruiting poster by James Montgomery Flagg.

According to legend, the character came into use during the War of 1812 and may have been named after Samuel Wilson. The actual origin is obscure. The first reference to Uncle Sam in formal literature (as distinct from newspapers) was in the 1816 allegorical book The Adventures of Uncle Sam, in Search After His Lost Honor.

While the figure of Uncle Sam specifically represents the government, the female figure of Columbia represents the United States as a nation. An archaic character, Brother Jonathan, was known to represent the American populace.
Gothaer Waggonfabrik
Gothaer Waggonfabrik (German pronunciation: [ˈɡoːtaɐ̯ vaˈɡɔ̃faˌbʁiːk], lit. 'Gotha Wagon Factory') was a German manufacturer of rolling stock established in the late nineteenth century at Gotha. During the two world wars, the company expanded into aircraft building.

Gotha G.V
The Gotha G.V was a heavy bomber used by the Luftstreitkräfte (Imperial German Air Service) during World War I. Designed for long-range service and built by Gothaer Waggonfabrik AG, the Gotha G.V was used principally as a night bomber.
1967–68 Southern Football League
The 1967–68 Southern Football League season was the 65th in the history of the league, an English football competition.

Chelmsford City won the championship, winning their second Southern League title, whilst Bedford Town, Kettering Town, Rugby Town and Worcester City were all promoted to the Premier Division. Twelve Southern League clubs applied to join the Football League at the end of the season, but none were successful.

Folkestone F.C.
Folkestone Football Club was the name of two English football clubs based in the town of Folkestone, Kent. It is unclear if the two clubs were connected, but neither has any formal connection to Folkestone Invicta, founded in 1936, which took over the Cheriton Road stadium after the demise of Folkestone F.C. in 1990. Folkestone Invicta F.C. has since become the spiritual successor of the club, inheriting its history and Folkestone F.C.'s previous honours.
Communauté d'agglomération de la Région Dieppoise
The Communauté d'agglomération de la région Dieppoise, also known as Dieppe Maritime  is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Dieppe. It is located in the Seine-Maritime department, in the Normandy region, northern France. It was created on 31 December 2002. Its area is 129.0 km2. Its population was 46,223 in 2018, of which 28,561 in Dieppe proper.

Dieppe
Dieppe (French pronunciation: [djɛp]; Norman: Dgieppe; prob. from Old English  dēōp or Old Norse djúpr 'deep') is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.

Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to Newhaven in England.

Famous for its scallops, Dieppe also has a popular pebbled beach, a 15th-century castle and the churches of Saint-Jacques and Saint-Remi. The mouth of the river Scie lies at Hautot-sur-Mer, directly to the west of Dieppe.

The inhabitants of the town of Dieppe are called Dieppois (m) and Dieppoise (f) in French.
Northview, Missouri
Northview is an unincorporated community in Webster County, Missouri, United States. It is located 6.0 miles (9.7 km) southwest of Marshfield on Missouri Supplemental Route B, 1.1 miles (1.8 km) south of Interstate 44. Northview is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Marshfield, Missouri
Marshfield is a city in and the county seat of Webster County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, Marshfield had a population of 7,458. As of 2024, the population is estimated to be 7,935. It is part of the Springfield metropolitan area.
Antibody-dependent enhancement
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), sometimes less precisely called immune enhancement or disease enhancement, is a phenomenon in which binding of a virus to suboptimal antibodies enhances its entry into host cells, followed by its replication. The suboptimal antibodies can result from natural infection or from vaccination. ADE may cause enhanced respiratory disease, but is not limited to respiratory disease. It has been observed in HIV, RSV, and Dengue virus and is monitored for in vaccine development.

Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.
Sant'Alfio
Saint Alphius (Italian: Sant'Alfio; Sicilian: Sant'Arfiu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Catania.

Saint Alphius borders the following municipalities: Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Castiglione di Sicilia, Giarre, Linguaglossa, Maletto, Mascali, Milo, Nicolosi, Piedimonte Etneo, Randazzo, Zafferana Etnea.

Mascali
Mascali (Sicilian: Màscali) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Catania.

The town of Mascali was entirely rebuilt after its almost complete destruction by lava from the nearby Etna in 1928.
The Venetian Macao Tennis Showdown
The Venetian Macao Tennis Showdown, in 2007 was the grand finale of a three-leg Pete Sampras vs Roger Federer Asia exhibition match tour.  The previous legs were in Seoul, Korea on November 20, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on November 22.

On November 20, Sampras lost the first of the three exhibition matches in Asia against Roger Federer losing 6–4, 6–3 in Seoul, Korea. Two days later in Kuala Lumpur (The Clash of Times), Sampras again lost to Federer, 7–6(6), 7–6(5). However, Sampras was able to win the last match of the series (The Venetian Macao Tennis Showdown), winning 7–6(6), 6–4.

Format Of The Venetian Macao Tennis Showdown 2007: (Saturday November 24, 2007)

Venue: The Venetian Macao

Surface: Gerflor Tennis Tournament

Match: Pete Sampras Vs Roger Federer (Best Of 3 Tie-Break Sets)

Clash of Times
The Clash of Times was a tennis exhibition match between Roger Federer and Pete Sampras which took place on 22 November 2007 at Stadium Malawati, Shah Alam, in Kuala Lumpur. Roger won the match by 7/6(6) 7/6(5).
Great Jones Building
The Great Jones Building is a building in Downtown Houston at the intersection of Capitol Street and Main Street.

The Great Jones Building opened in 1908. Originally it housed the offices of the Texas Company, which later became Texaco. Jim Parsons of the Greater Houston Preservation Alliance (GHPA) believes that Sanguinet & Staats, a Fort Worth, Texas firm, may have designed the building. In 1922, the building received an expansion. When Texaco relocated to a building on San Jacinto Street, the building became the Bankers Mortgage Building. The GHPA stated that Jesse H. Jones kept an office in what is now known as the Great Jones Building while the Gulf Building was being constructed. In the 2000s Spire Realty Group decided to preserve the structure, and in 2003 the GHPA gave Spire the "Good Brick Award." During that period the building received its current name, the "Great Jones Building."

JPMorgan Chase Building (Houston)
The JPMorgan Chase Building, formerly the Gulf Building, is a 37-story 130 m (430 ft) Art Deco skyscraper in downtown Houston, Texas. Completed in 1929, it remained the tallest building in Houston until 1963, when the Exxon Building surpassed it in height. The building is the Houston headquarters of JPMorgan Chase Bank, and was formerly the headquarters of Texas Commerce Bank.
Contact type
In mathematics, more precisely in symplectic geometry, a hypersurface  of a symplectic manifold  is said to be of contact type if there is 1-form  such that  and  is a contact manifold, where  is the natural inclusion. The terminology was first coined by Alan Weinstein.

Symplectic geometry
Symplectic geometry is a branch of differential geometry and differential topology that studies symplectic manifolds; that is, differentiable manifolds equipped with a closed, nondegenerate 2-form. Symplectic geometry has its origins in the Hamiltonian formulation of classical mechanics where the phase space of certain classical systems takes on the structure of a symplectic manifold.
Owen Kildare
Owen Frawley Kildare (June 11, 1864 – February 4, 1911) was an American writer active in the early 20th century. His short stories and novels described the grim realities of life in a New York City slum. Often heard to comment that he was "born in the gutter", he was known as "the Mr. Bounderby of American Letters" and "the Kipling of the Bowery".

Newspaper hawker
A newspaper hawker, newsboy or newsie is a street vendor of newspapers without a fixed newsstand. Related jobs include paperboys, delivering newspapers to subscribers, and news butchers, selling papers on trains. The job was historically done by children, especially in the United States. The profession has faced significant decline worldwide in modern times owing to the advent of online news.

In the United States they became an iconic image of youthful entrepreneurship. Famous Americans that had worked as newsboys included Bruce Barton, Ralph Bunche, Joe DiMaggio, Thomas Edison, Dwight Eisenhower, Sam Rayburn, Walter Reuther, David Sarnoff, Cardinal Spellman, Harry Truman and Mark Twain.
Military Courts of Vietnam
Military Courts of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Tòa án quân sự Việt Nam) deal with criminal matters within the Vietnam People's Army. They are part of the court system in Vietnam:

Supreme People's Court of Vietnam

Local Courts of Vietnam

Provincial Municipal Courts of Vietnam

Military courts operate at various levels in the VPA, with the highest being the Central Military Tribunal, an affiliated institution which is subordinate to the People's Court.

Supreme People's Court of Vietnam
The Supreme People's Court of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Tòa án nhân dân tối cao) is the supreme judicial organ of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The Supreme People's Court is one of the two institutions at the apex of the judicial system of Vietnam, with the other body being the Supreme People's Procuracy of Vietnam. Both are accountable to the President of Vietnam, the highest institution of government power in the country. The head of the Supreme People's Court of Vietnam is the Chief Justice. The current Chief Justice of Vietnam is Nguyen Văn Quảng.
Chōkaidō Museum
Chōkaidō Museum (澄懐堂美術館, Chōkaidō Bijutsukan) opened in Yokkaichi, Mie Prefecture, Japan in 1994, reopening in a new site in the city in 2017. The collection, built up by Yamamoto Teijirō, focuses on Chinese calligraphy and paintings from the Song to the Qing.

Yokkaichi
Yokkaichi (四日市市, Yokkaichi-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2025, the city had an estimated population of 305,279 in 147,185 households and a population density of 1,478.3 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 206.50 square kilometres (79.73 sq mi).
258th Field Artillery Regiment
The 258th Field Artillery Regiment or "Washington Greys" is a field artillery unit of the New York Army National Guard that traces its lineage from 1789 to present. Circa 1957–1966 it consisted of four battalions.

Harbor Defenses of New York
The Harbor Defenses of New York was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command. It coordinated the coast defenses of New York City from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program, some of which were located in New Jersey. These included both coast artillery forts and underwater minefields. The command originated c. 1895 as an Artillery District(s) and became the Coast Defenses of Eastern New York and Coast Defenses of Southern New York in 1913. Circa 1915 the Coast Defenses of Sandy Hook separated from the latter command. In 1925 the commands were renamed as Harbor Defense Commands, and in 1935 the Harbor Defenses of Eastern New York was almost entirely disarmed, although possibly retaining the minefield capability. The New York and Sandy Hook commands and the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound were unified as the Harbor Defenses of New York on 9 May 1942.
Christian Congregation in Ireland
The Christian Congregation in Ireland is a non-sectarian, non-denominational fellowship of assemblies with roots in the Italian Pentecostal revival in Chicago, United States of America, which began in 1907, as part of the larger Christian Congregation (Pentecostal).

Doctrinally holds the Bible as fount of faith and guidance for life; believes Jesus Christ as the only Savior whose atonement work dispenses the saving Grace; practices the adult water baptism and holy supper.

Currently, the church in Ireland has 5 houses of worship and approximately three hundred and ninety members. This fellowship of churches under the present name besides having affiliated churches in about fifty countries, with approximately 3 million members, 2.5 million being in Brazil.

Louis Francescon
Louis Francescon (March 29, 1866 – September 7, 1964) was a missionary and pioneer of the Italian Pentecostal Movement. Several Pentecostal denominations and fellowships acknowledge him as their founder, including the Christian Church of North America (now named International Fellowship of Christian Assemblies), the Christian Assembly in Argentina, the Assemblies of God in Italy, the Christian Congregation in the United States, and the Christian Congregation of Brazil.