hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorback Burn, Findhorn
The Dorback Burn (Scottish Gaelic: Dorbag / Uisge Dhorbaig) is a right-bank tributary of the River Findhorn in northeast Scotland. It emerges from the northeast end of Lochindorb (57°24′55″N 3°42′14″W﻿ / ﻿57.4152°N 3.7038°W﻿ / 57.4152; -3.7038﻿ (Dorback Burn, source)) and flows northeast to a point where the A939 road and A940 road meet, where it is joined on its right by the Anaboard Burn. The Dorback then flows north, accompanied by the A940 for several miles until it is joined by the River Divie, which also enters from the right (east). Their combined waters flow on for a couple more miles to pass under the B9007 road and immediately enter the Findhorn (57°31′40″N 3°40′13″W﻿ / ﻿57.5279°N 3.6702°W﻿ / 57.5279; -3.6702﻿ (Dorback Burn, mouth)).

River Divie
River Divie (Scottish Gaelic: Abhainn Divie) is a river in Moray, Scotland, that is tributary to the River Findhorn. It begins near the Moray boundary, close to the Lùb Ghlas (shieling), from the junction of an unnamed stream with the Allt Dearg stream.

The River Divie passes through the Divie Viaduct, a notable landmark despite the river's relative obscurity, after flowing northwestward through Dava Moor, passing Glenmore (presumably a former cottage or a farm).

The river features two fords, as well as several footbridges near its end.
Von Baeyer nomenclature
In organic chemistry, the von Baeyer nomenclature is a system for describing polycyclic (i.e. multi-ringed) hydrocarbons. The system was originally developed in 1900 by German chemist Adolf von Baeyer for bicyclic systems and in 1913 expanded by Eduard Buchner and Wilhelm Weigand for tricyclic systems. The system has been adopted and extended by the IUPAC as part of its nomenclature for organic chemistry. The modern version has been extended to cover more cases of compounds including an arbitrary number of cycles, heterocyclic compounds and unsaturated compounds.

Saturated and unsaturated compounds
A saturated compound is a chemical compound (or ion) that resists addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidative addition, and the binding of a Lewis base. The term is used in many contexts and classes of chemical compounds.  Overall, saturated compounds are less reactive than unsaturated compounds. Saturation is derived from the Latin word saturare, meaning 'to fill'. An unsaturated compound is also a chemical compound (or ion) that attracts reduction reactions, such as dehydrogenation and oxidative reduction.
1992–93 IHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup
The 1992–93 IHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup was the 17th edition of the European competition for women's handball national cup champions, and the last organized by IHF.

TV Lützellinden, the previous European Cup's runner-up, defeated 1990 champion Rostselmash in the final, becoming the first team from the former Western Bloc to win the Cup Winners' Cup. Yugoslavia, whose team Radnički Belgrade had won the two previous editions, was excluded from the competition in implementation of the UNSC Resolution 575, while Slovenia and Ukraine debuted as independent countries.

1991–92 Women's European Cup (handball)
The 1991 – 92 Women's European Champions Cup was the 31st edition of Europe's competition for national champions women's handball clubs, taking place between September 1991 and 18 April 1992. Hypo Niederösterreich defeated defending champion TV Giessen-Lützellinden in a rematch of the previous edition's final to win its third title.
Pomeranian-Kuyavian Derby
The Pomeranian-Kuyavian Derby (Polish: Derby Pomorza i Kujaw), also known as the Pomeranian Derby (Derby Pomorza) is a motorcycle speedway match between rivals Polonia Bydgoszcz and KS Toruń. The rivalry comes about as Bydgoszcz and Toruń are the two largest cities in former Bydgoszcz Voivodeship (1946–1975), and since 1999 two capitals of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. They are often identified with political and sociological local antagonist.

KS Toruń
KS Toruń, currently competing as PRES Grupa Deweloperska Toruń, is a Polish motorcycle speedway team from Toruń. The team currently competes in the Ekstraliga (the highest division) and have won the Team Speedway Polish Championship five times (as of 2025).
Old Post Office, Bristol
The Old Post Office (grid reference ST587729) is a historic building at 48 Corn Street in Bristol, England.

It was built in 1746 by Samuel Glascodine to complement The Exchange, acting as the central post office for the city of Bristol for over 200 years. It was part rebuilt as a facsimile of the original in 1993 and is now used as an office.

It has been designated by Historic England as a Grade I listed building.

The Exchange, Bristol
The Exchange is a Grade I listed building built in 1741–43 by John Wood the Elder, on Corn Street, near the junction with Broad Street in Bristol, England. It was previously used as a corn and general trade exchange but is now used as offices and it also accommodates St Nicholas Market.

The Exchange underwent major building work in 1872, including roofing over the courtyard, and again in the early 1900s when the City Valuer's Department moved to the building. Since World War II the external clock tower has been removed and the roof lowered.

Outside the building are four bronze tables dating from the 16th and 17th centuries, known as "nails," at which merchants carried out their business. At the front of the building is a clock showing both Greenwich Mean Time and "local time".
Noneism
Noneism, also known in philosophy as modal Meinongianism (named after Alexius Meinong), names both a philosophical theory and an unrelated religious trend. In a philosophical and metaphysical context, the theory suggests that some things do not exist. That definition was first conceptualized by Richard Sylvan in 1980 and then later expanded on by Graham Priest in 2005. In a religious context, noneism is the practice of spirituality without an affiliation to organized religion.

Graham Priest
Graham Priest (born 1948) is a philosopher and logician who is distinguished professor of philosophy at the CUNY Graduate Center, as well as a regular visitor at the University of Melbourne, where he was Boyce Gibson Professor of Philosophy and also at the University of St Andrews.
Suesca
Suesca is a town and municipality in the Almeidas Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca, Colombia. It is located on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, 59 kilometres (37 mi) north of the capital Bogotá. Suesca forms the northern edge of the Bogotá savanna and is a scenic countryside town which is well known because its landscape attracts devotees of rock climbing, trekking, and rafting. It is surrounded by dairy farms and flower plantations. The municipality borders Cucunubá and Lenguazaque in the north, Sesquilé and Gachancipá in the south, Chocontá in the east and Nemocón in the west.

Lenguazaque
Lenguazaque is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca. Lenguazaque is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, part of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes at a distance of 116 kilometres (72 mi) from the capital Bogotá. It borders Guachetá in the north, Ubaté in the west, Cucunubá in the south and Villapinzón in the east.
Zhangjiawo
Zhangjiawo Town (simplified Chinese: 张家窝镇; traditional Chinese: 張家窩鎮; pinyin: Zhāngjiāwō Zhèn) is one of the seven towns in Xiqing District, Tianjin, China. It borders Zhongbei Town and Xiyingmen Subdistrict in its north, Jingwu Town in its east, Yangchengzhuang and Liangwangzhuang Townships in its south, as well as Yangliuqing and Xinkou Towns in its west. Its population is 47,786 in 2010.

The name "Zhangjiawo" (Chinese: 张家窝; lit. 'Zhang Family's Shed') comes from Zhangjiawo Village, which hosts the town's government.

Xiyingmen Subdistrict
Xiyingmen Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 西营门街道; traditional Chinese: 西營門街道; pinyin: Xīyíngmén Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located in northern Xiqing District, Tianjin, China. It shares a border with Jialingdao Subdistrict to its north, Wangdingdi Subdistrict to its east, Zhangjiawo and Jingwu Towns to its south, and Zhongbei Town to its west. In addition, it has two exclaves on the north of Zhongbei Town. As of 2010, the subdistrict is home to 30,216 people.

Its name Xiyingmen (Chinese: 西营门; lit. 'West Camp Gate') is referring to its historical location and the west entrance of the then army garrison in Tianjin.
T-ara N4
T-ara N4 was the first official sub-group of South Korean girl group T-ara, composed of Eunjung, Hyomin, Jiyeon and previously Areum until her departure from the main group in July 2013. The sub-group only released one EP, Jeon Won Diary in April 2013.

Park Ji-yeon
Park Ji-yeon (Korean: 박지연; born June 7, 1993), known mononymously as Jiyeon, is a South Korean singer, actress, model,  host and entertainer. She debuted as a member of girl group T-ara in July 2009. Apart from her group's activities, she has also starred in various television dramas such as Soul (2009), Master of Study (2010), Dream High 2 (2012), Triangle (2014), she also starred in various films such as Death Bell 2: Bloody Camp (2012), Encounter (2015). She debuted as a solo artist with her first EP, Never Ever, on May 20, 2014, making her the first T-ara member to debut as a solo artist.
Pressure altimeter
Altitude can be determined based on the measurement of atmospheric pressure. The greater the altitude, the lower the pressure. When a barometer is supplied with a nonlinear calibration so as to indicate altitude, the instrument is a type of altimeter called a pressure altimeter or barometric altimeter. A pressure altimeter is the altimeter found in most aircraft, and skydivers use wrist-mounted versions for similar purposes. Hikers and mountain climbers use wrist-mounted or hand-held altimeters, in addition to other navigational tools such as a map, magnetic compass, or GPS receiver.

Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar, and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1,000 Pa), which is equal to one centibar.

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101325 Pa.
Meteorological observations typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals per the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, thus a standard atmosphere or typical sea-level air pressure is about 1,013 hPa. Reports in the United States typically use inches of mercury or millibars (hectopascals). In Canada, these reports are given in kilopascals.
2010 Romanian floods
The 2010 Romanian floods (Romanian: Inundațiile din iunie 2010 din România) were the result of an extreme weather event that struck Romania in late June 2010. Currently, at least 21 people died. The north-east of the country, especially Suceava County was most affected. Also affected was the Chernivtsi Oblast in neighbouring Ukraine.

Neamț County
Neamț County (Romanian pronunciation: [ne̯amt͡s] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historic region of Western Moldavia, with the county seat at Piatra Neamț. The county takes its name from the Neamț River.
Gajapati Palace
Gajapati Palace located at Paralakhemundi, of Gajapati district, Odisha, is the seat of Ganga rulers of Paralakhemundi. Nowadays the property is under the protection of Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH). The Palace is one of the rich architectural and cultural heritage of India. This palace was built for a purpose of permanent residential abode for the Gajapati Rulers of Paralakhemundi Estate belonging to the Eastern Ganga dynasty.

Gajapati district
Gajapati district is a district of Odisha State in India. It was carved out of Ganjam District on October 2, 1992. As of 2011 it was the third least populous district of Odisha (out of 30), after Debagarh and Boudh.

Gajapati district was named after Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deb, the King of the Paralakhemundi estate and the first Prime Minister of Odisha, who is remembered for his contribution to the formation of a separate state, and inclusion of his estate in Odisha. The district headquarters in Paralakhemundi, formerly a Zamindari, is clustered within a radius of approximately 5 kilometers around its geometric center.
Cyphellostereum brasiliense
Cyphellostereum brasiliense is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2010 by Norwegian mycologist  Leif Ryvarden. The type specimen was collected in São Paulo, where it was found growing on dead mosses. The species has a rounded to slightly spoon-shaped cap, and club-shaped basidia measuring 18–25 by 5–6 μm with oblong to ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 7–8 by 3.5–4.5 μm.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
South Australian Mining Association
South Australian Mining Association was a no-liability company which established several mines in South Australia, notably the "Grey Wheal", or north mine at Burra, which made a fortune for its promoters, the "Snobs", while the adjacent southern claim, by the Princess Royal Company ("Nobs") proved worthless.

Charles Hervey Bagot
Charles Hervey Bagot (17 April 1788 – 29 July 1880), often referred to as "Captain Bagot", was a South Australian pastoralist, mine owner and parliamentarian, and was the ancestor of a number of notable South Australian citizens.
Hyundai Blue-Will
The Hyundai Blue-Will is a plug-in petrol-electric hybrid concept compact car designed by the South Korean car manufacturer Hyundai Motor Company. The vehicle was debuted at the 2009 Seoul Motor Show in South Korea.

The hybrid powertrain is based on the same Blue Drive architecture that Hyundai unveiled at the 2008 Los Angeles Auto Show. The Blue-Will uses a strong parallel hybrid system, meaning it's capable of driving the vehicle under electric power alone, using the internal combustion, or a combination of both. The first production applications from this vehicle will find their way into the Korean market's Hyundai Elantra LPI Hybrid and the Hyundai Sonata Hybrid that debut late in 2010.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
2025 Yongchuan International Tournament
The 2025 Yongchuan International Tournament (Chinese: 2025年茶山竹海杯永川国际女子足球邀请赛) was the 7th edition of the Yongchuan International Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China. The tournament will take place from 5 to 8 April 2025.

Yongchuan International Tournament
The Yongchuan International Tournament (Chinese: 永川国际女子足球邀请赛) is an invitational women's football tournament, originated in another women's football tournament Four Nations Tournament. It is staged annually in October in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China.
Dodge Polara
The Dodge Polara is an automobile introduced in the United States for the 1960 model year as Dodge's top-of-the-line full-size car. After the introduction of the Dodge Custom 880 in 1962, the Polara nameplate designated a step below the full-sized best-trimmed Dodge model; the Polara that year had been downsized to what was in effect intermediate, or mid-size status. In its various forms, the Polara name was used by Dodge until 1973, when its position in Dodge's line-up was replaced by the Dodge Monaco.

The name Polara is a reference to the Polaris star in a marketing attempt to appeal to the excitement surrounding the Space Race during the early 1960s.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Pleural cavity
The pleural cavity, or pleural space (or sometimes intrapleural space), is the potential space between the pleurae of the pleural sac that surrounds each lung. A small amount of serous pleural fluid is maintained in the pleural cavity to enable lubrication between the membranes, and also to create a pressure gradient.

The serous membrane that covers the surface of the lung is the visceral pleura and is separated from the outer membrane, the parietal pleura, by just the film of pleural fluid in the pleural cavity. The visceral pleura follows the fissures of the lung and the root of the lung structures. The parietal pleura is attached to the mediastinum, the upper surface of the diaphragm, and to the inside of the ribcage.

Pericardium
The pericardium (pl. pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels.  It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong inelastic connective tissue (fibrous pericardium), and an inner layer made of serous membrane (serous pericardium). It encloses the pericardial cavity, which contains pericardial fluid, and defines the middle mediastinum.  It separates the heart from interference of other structures, protects it against infection and blunt trauma, and lubricates the heart's movements.
Neurolathyrism
Neurolathyrism, is a neurological disease of humans, caused by eating certain legumes of the genus Lathyrus. This disease is mainly associated with the consumption of Lathyrus sativus (also known as grass pea, chickling pea, kesari dal, or almorta) and to a lesser degree with Lathyrus cicera, Lathyrus ochrus and Lathyrus clymenum containing the toxin ODAP.

This is not to be confused with osteolathyrism, a different type of lathyrism that affects the connective tissues. Osteolathyrism results from the ingestion of Lathyrus odoratus seeds (sweet peas) and is often referred to as odoratism. It is caused by a different toxin (beta-aminopropionitrile) which affects the linking of collagen, a protein of connective tissues.

Another type of lathyrism is angiolathyrism which is similar to osteolathyrism in its effects on connective tissue. However, the blood vessels are affected as opposed to bone.

Lathyrus ochrus
Lathyrus ochrus, the Cyprus vetch, is a species of annual herb in the family Fabaceae. They are climbers and have compound, broad leaves. Flowers are visited by Old World swallowtails and Oxythyrea funesta.
2015–16 Russian Premier League
The 2015–16 Russian Premier League was the 24th season of the premier football competition in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the 14th under the current Russian Premier League name.

Zenit Saint Petersburg came into the season as defending champions of the 2014–15 season. CSKA Moscow won the title on the final day.

FC Spartak Moscow
FC Spartak Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Москва, romanized: Futbolʹnyy klub «Spartak» Moskva, pronounced [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and 10 Russian championships (a record jointly held with Zenit St Petersburg), it is the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups, 4 Russian Cups and one Russian Super Cup. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of UEFA Europa League, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup.
Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023)
This timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war covers the period from 12 November 2022, following the conclusion of Ukraine's Kherson and Kharkiv counteroffensives, to 7 June 2023, the day before the 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive began. Russia continued its strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure while the battle of Bakhmut escalated.

This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Moreover, some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.

Kh-55
The Kh-55 (Russian: Х-55, also known as RKV-500; NATO reporting name: AS-15 "Kent") is a Soviet/Russian subsonic air-launched cruise missile, designed by MKB Raduga in the 1970s. It has a range of up to 2,500 km (1,350 nmi) and can carry nuclear warheads. Kh-55 is launched exclusively from bomber aircraft and has spawned a number of conventionally armed variants mainly for tactical use, such as the Kh-65SE and Kh-SD, but only the Kh-555 appears to have been put into service. The Kh-55 was not the basis of the submarine and ground-launched S-10 Granat or RK-55 Relief (SS-N-21 "Sampson" and SSC-X-4 "Slingshot") designed by NPO Novator. The RK-55 is very similar to the air-launched Kh-55 (AS-15 "Kent") but the Kh-55 has a drop-down turbofan engine and was designed by MKB Raduga.
Socialist League of Palestine
The Socialist League of Palestine was a political organization in Mandate Palestine. Established in 1936, it was connected to the left-Zionist Hashomer Hatzair movement. The Socialist League functioned as the urban ally of the Kibbutz Artzi movement. In 1946, the Socialist League and Kibbutz Artzi movement founded the Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party (one of the fore-runners of MAPAM, itself a forerunner of Meretz in turn).

Kibbutz Movement
The Kibbutz Movement (Hebrew: התנועה הקיבוצית, HaTnu'a HaKibbutzit) is the largest settlement movement for kibbutzim in Israel. It was formed in 1999 by a partial merger of the United Kibbutz Movement and Kibbutz Artzi and is made up of approximately 230 kibbutzim. It does not include the Religious Kibbutz Movement with its 16 kibbutzim or the two Poalei Agudat Yisrael-affiliated religious kibbutzim.
Ballet
Ballet (French: [balɛ]) is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread and highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary. Ballet has been influential globally and has defined the foundational techniques which are used in many other dance genres and cultures. Various schools around the world have incorporated their own cultures. As a result, ballet has evolved in distinct ways.

A ballet as a unified work comprises the choreography and music for a ballet production. Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers. Traditional classical ballets are usually performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets are often performed in simple costumes and without elaborate sets or scenery.

French ballet
Ballet first began to flourish in the French courts during the 17th century with the help of several important men: King Louis XIV, Jean-Baptiste Lully, Pierre Beauchamps, and Molière. The combination of different talents and passions of these four men shaped ballet to what it is today.