hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arabian Sands
Arabian Sands is a 1959 book by explorer and travel writer Wilfred Thesiger. The book focuses on the author's travels in the Arabian Peninsula between 1945 and 1950, and details his two crossings of the Empty Quarter undertaken between 1946 and 1948. Thesiger’s first crossing, from Mughshin in Oman to Liwa across the eastern sands, was followed by a crossing of the western sands from Manwakh in Yemen, via Laila, to Abu Dhabi.

The book attempted to capture the lives of the Bedu people and other inhabitants of the Arabian peninsula. It is considered a classic of travel literature.

The book largely reflects on the changes and large scale development that took place after the Second World War and the subsequent gradual erosion of traditional Bedouin ways of life that had previously existed unaltered for thousands of years.

Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Seven Pillars of Wisdom is the autobiographical account of the experiences of British Army Colonel T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia") while serving as a military advisor to Bedouin forces during the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire of 1916 to 1918.

It was completed in February 1922, but first published in December 1926 originally published for the US market in 1927 as Revolt in the Desert and is the only version that was commercially released while he was alive. Seven Pillars of Wisdom (1935) is a longer form of the book at almost double the page count and released to the international market.
Fantastic Animation Festival
Fantastic Animation Festival is a package film of animation segments, set mostly to music and released in theaters in 1977. It was one of the earliest of the sort of collections typified by Computer Animation Festival and Spike and Mike's Festival of Animation (the co-founders of the latter, formerly known as Festival of Animation, send out flyers of Fantastic Animation Festival).

Bob Gardiner (animator)
James Robbins "Bob" Gardiner (March 19, 1951 – April 21, 2005) was an American artist, painter, cartoonist, animator, holographer, musician, storyteller, and comedy writer. He invented the stop-motion 3-D clay animation technique which his collaborator Will Vinton would later market as Claymation, although Bob preferred the term Sculptimation for his frame-by-frame method of sculpting plasticine clay characters and sets.

He and Vinton shared the 1974 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for Closed Mondays. The film was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2012.

Gardiner committed suicide on April 21, 2005, while living at the Everhart Hotel in downtown Grass Valley.
YDbDr
YDbDr, sometimes written , is the colour space used in the SECAM (adopted in France and some countries of  the former Eastern Bloc) analog colour television broadcasting standard. It is very close to YUV (used on the PAL system) and its related colour spaces such as YIQ (used on the NTSC system), YPbPr and YCbCr.

is composed of three components: ,  and .  is the luminance,  and  are the chrominance components, representing the red and blue colour differences.

YCbCr
YCbCr, Y′CbCr, also written as YCBCR or Y′CBCR, is a family of color spaces used as a part of the color image pipeline in digital video and photography systems. Like YPBPR, it is based on RGB primaries; the two are generally equivalent, but YCBCR is intended for digital video, while YPBPR is designed for use in analog systems.

Y′ is the luma component, and CB and CR are the blue-difference and red-difference chroma components. Luma Y′ (with prime) is distinguished from luminance Y, meaning that light intensity is nonlinearly encoded based on gamma corrected RGB primaries.

Y′CbCr color spaces are defined by a mathematical coordinate transformation from an associated RGB primaries and white point. If the underlying RGB color space is absolute, the Y′CbCr color space is an absolute color space as well; conversely, if the RGB space is ill-defined, so is Y′CbCr. The transformation is defined in equations 32, 33 in ITU-T H.273.
Release aid
In archery, a release aid, mechanical release, or release is a device that helps to fire arrows more precisely, by using a trigger to release the bowstring, rather than the archer's fingers. It is used to make the release of the bowstring quicker and reducing the amount of torque put onto the bowstring from the archer's fingers.

Compound bow
In modern archery, a compound bow is a bow that uses a levering system, usually of cables and pulleys, to bend the limbs. The compound bow was first developed in 1966 by Holless Wilbur Allen in North Kansas City, Missouri, and a US patent was granted in 1969. Compound bows are widely used in target practice and hunting.

Compound bows are typically constructed of man-made materials such as fiberglass and carbon fiber, while traditional bows and warbows usually are entirely or partially made of wood or bamboo.

The pulley/cam system grants the user a mechanical advantage, and so the limbs of a compound bow are much stiffer than those of a recurve bow or longbow. This rigidity makes the compound bow more energy-efficient than traditional bows, as less energy is dissipated in limb movement. The higher-rigidity, more advanced construction also improves accuracy by reducing the bow's sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity.
Phormictopus
Phormictopus is a genus of spiders in the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas) that occurs in the West Indies, mainly Cuba and Hispaniola, with three species probably misplaced in this genus found in Brazil and Argentina.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
2016 San Luis Open Challenger Tour
The 2016 San Luis Open Challenger Tour was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in San Luis Potosí, Mexico between 21 and 27 March.

2016 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2016, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2016 ATP Challenger Tour calendar contained 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $125,000. It was the 39th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 8th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Asemesthes subnubilus
Asemesthes subnubilus is a species of spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is endemic to southern Africa and is commonly known as the Kalahari Asemesthes ground spider. This species is the type species of the genus Asemesthes.

Ground spider
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with about 2,500 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include Gnaphosa, Drassodes, Micaria, Cesonia, Zelotes and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans.
Motte Aldeberg
Motte Aldeberg is a motte in Germany. Often called only Alde Berg, it is located in the Helpensteiner Bachtal between the communities of Arsbeck and Rödgen in the town of Wegberg in the Heinsberg district in North Rhine-Westphalia.

51°08′48″N 6°11′45″E﻿ / ﻿51.1466°N 6.1957°E﻿ / 51.1466; 6.1957

Heinsberg (district)
Heinsberg is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany with the town of Heinsberg as its capital. Neighbouring districts are Viersen, Neuss, Düren and Aachen, the city of Mönchengladbach and the Dutch province Limburg.
Jean-Louis Cohen
Jean-Louis Cohen (20 July 1949 – 7 August 2023) was a French architect and architectural historian specializing in modern architecture and city planning. Since 1994 he had been the Sheldon H. Solow Professor in the History of Architecture at New York University Institute of Fine Arts.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
Joseph Bennett (Mississippi politician)
Joseph Bennett (May 9, 1816 - June 25, 1882) was an American politician in Mississippi. A Republican who eventually switched to become a Democrat, he served in the Mississippi State Senate in 1852 and 1854, and from 1870 to 1876. He was its president pro tempore from 1872 to 1874.

Rankin County, Mississippi
Rankin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The western border of the county is formed by the Pearl River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 157,031, making it the fourth-most populous county in Mississippi. The county seat is Brandon. The county is named in honor of Christopher Rankin, a Mississippi Congressman who served from 1819 to 1826.

Rankin County is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2010 Premiership Rugby Sevens Series
The 2010 Premiership Rugby Sevens Series, (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2010 J.P Morgan Asset Management Premiership Rugby 7s Series) was the inaugural Rugby Union 7-a-side competition for the twelve 2010–11 Aviva Premiership Clubs. It took place during the months of July and August, was sponsored by J.P Morgan Asset Management, and the final was held at the Recreation Ground on 6 August 2010.

Premiership Rugby Sevens Series
The Premiership Rugby Sevens Series was a friendly Rugby Sevens competition for the twelve Premiership Rugby clubs that will play the following season (i.e. the 2010 competition features the teams playing in the Aviva Premiership in the 2010–11 season). It was started in 2010, as an off-season competition, held during the months of July and August. Between 2014 and 2016 the competition included the four Welsh regions which compete in the Pro14.
Arbëreshë cuisine
The Arbëreshë cuisine (Albanian: Kuzhina Arbëreshë; Italian: Cucina Arbëreshë) is the cuisine of the Arbëreshë people in Italy. It has been significantly influenced by Albanian and Italian cuisine, but has had little influence on Italian cuisine.

Dishes within Arbëreshë cuisine include:

Common poppy leaves with beans (lulëkuqë me fasulë)

Mashed faba bean and wild chicory (bathë e çiqur)

A pie of egg, ricotta, lamb, and the boiled leaf stalks of Spanish salsify, eaten during Easter.

Dried fish, particularly anchovies, with the boiled and fried shoots of either a rapini variety or wild mustard, eaten on Christmas Eve.

Rapini
Rapini  (broccoli rabe or raab; /rɑːb/ RAHB) is a green cruciferous vegetable, with the leaves, buds, and stems all being edible; the buds somewhat resemble broccoli. Rapini is known for its bitter taste, and is particularly associated with Mediterranean cuisine. It is a particularly rich dietary source of vitamin K.
Goyang Zaicro FC
Goyang Zaicro Football Club (Korean: 고양 자이크로 FC) was a South Korean professional football team based in Goyang. The club competed in the K League Challenge between 2013 and 2016. They played their home games at Goyang Stadium.

The club traces its origins to Immanuel FC, a Christian football club founded in 1983. The team previously played in Iksan and Gimpo before moving to Ansan.

Korea National League
The Korea National League (Korean: 내셔널리그) was a South Korean semi-professional football league held annually from 2003 to 2019. It was considered the second-highest division of the South Korean football league system before the K League 2 was launched in 2013, and the third-highest division since then.
Vidya Dharma Pracharini Nepali Samiti
Vidya Dharma Pracharini Nepali Samiti (Nepali: विद्या  धर्म प्रचारिणी  नेपाली  समिति) is a Nepali committee in Varanasi, India. Established for Propagation of Sanatan Dharma and for maintenance of Nepali Dharamshala (type of building), religious rest house in Varanasi and helping awarding education to Nepalis traveling to Vanaras for education. It also awards and auspices Madan Smarak Samman puraskar.

Dharamshala (type of building)
A dharamshala, also written as dharmashala, is a public resthouse or shelter in the Indian subcontinent. It also refers to Sikh places of worship before the introduction of Gurdwaras. Just as sarai are for travellers and caravans, dharamshalas are built for religious travellers at pilgrimage sites. In Nepal there are dharamshalas especially built for pilgrims as well as dharamshalas for locals.
Cristina Valido García
Cristina Valido García (born 28 August 1969) is a member of Canarian Coalition who serves as the party's member of the Congress of Deputies since August 2023. Between 2017 and 2019, Valido served as the counselor of employment and politics in the government of the Canary Islands under President Fernando Clavijo Batlle.

On January 18 of 2024, Valido entered a controversy regarding her words on an amendment to the Spanish Constitution; the change removed the word "reduced" (disminuidos) from Article 49. During the deputy's subsequent speech, she apologized to people with disabilities, apologizing for the delay. This was met with criticism, as the Spanish word for delay is "retraso" and the derogatory word used against disabled individuals is "retrasado".

Fernando Clavijo Batlle
Fernando Clavijo Batlle (born 10 August 1971) is a Spanish politician and incumbent president of the Canary Islands. A member of the Canarian Coalition, he previously served as president from 2015 to 2019.
Jach'a Qullu (Los Andes)
Jach'a Qullu (Aymara jach'a big, qullu mountain,  "big mountain", also spelled Jacha Kkollu, Jachcha Kkollu) is a 5,298-metre-high (17,382 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia. It lies in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality. Jach'a Qullu is situated southwest of Jisk'a Pata and Jach'a Pata, southwest of Jach'a Juqhu and northwest of Wila Lluxi, Warawarani and Qala T'uxu.

Cordillera Real (Bolivia)
The Cordillera Real is a mountain range in the South American Altiplano of Bolivia, forming part of the Andes. This range of fold mountains, largely composed of granite, is located southeast of Lake Titicaca, and east of the Bolivian capital of La Paz. The range stretches 125 km in length and 20 km in width. Even though it is only 17° south of the Equator, the Cordillera Real is relatively densely glaciated. This is due to its proximity to the Amazon lowlands with its associated moist air masses.
4954 Eric
4954 Eric (prov. designation: 1990 SQ) is an eccentric, stony asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the  Amor group, approximately 11 kilometers (6.8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered by American astronomer Brian Roman at Palomar Observatory on 23 September 1990. The asteroid was named after its discoverer's son, Eric Roman.

It is the largest near-Earth asteroid discovered since 3552 Don Quixote in 1983. On 2007 October 11 the asteroid passed 0.2865 AU (42,860,000 km; 26,630,000 mi) from Earth. It currently makes closer approaches to Mars than it does Earth. The asteroid has a rotation period of 12.05 hours.

Other large near-Earth asteroids include 1036 Ganymed (32 km), 3552 Don Quixote (19 km), 433 Eros (17 km), and 1866 Sisyphus (8.5 km).

Amor asteroid
The Amor asteroids are a group of near-Earth asteroids named after the archetype object 1221 Amor /ˈeɪmɔːr/. The orbital perihelion of these objects is close to, but greater than, the orbital aphelion of Earth (i.e., the objects do not cross Earth's orbit), with most Amors crossing the orbit of Mars. The Amor asteroid 433 Eros was the first asteroid to be orbited and landed upon by a robotic space probe (NEAR Shoemaker).
Albion railway station, Melbourne
Albion station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Sunbury line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the western suburb of Albion, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Albion station is a ground level host station, featuring an island platform. It opened on 5 January 1860, with the current station provided in 1919. The station was originally closed on 1 January 1861, then reopened on 24 March 1891.

Initially opened as Albion and Darlington, the station was given its current name of Albion on 24 March 1891, upon its reopening.

The Melbourne – Sydney standard gauge line passes to the east of the station and, along with the Albion – Jacana freight line, branches off north of the station.

Overpass
An overpass, called an overbridge or flyover (for a road only) in the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth countries, is a bridge, road, railway or similar structure that is over another road or railway. An overpass and underpass together form a grade separation. Stack interchanges are made up of several overpasses.
Guy Smiley
Guy Smiley is a fictional character on Sesame Street who was dubbed "America's favorite game show host". His skits are among those on the show that parody commercial media. Smiley has also hosted This Is Your Lunch and Here Is Your Life, a parody of This Is Your Life. Guests who were profiled included a loaf of bread, a tooth and a tree (all aimed at teaching children how things are made). He has also hosted pageants for numbers and letters.

Joan Ganz Cooney cited the character as one of her favorites of original performer Jim Henson, although it was his least favorite to perform, as the character had a boisterous voice which proved too hard on his throat. Due to this, the character's dialogue was usually pre-recorded so that Henson could do multiple takes without straining his throat.

The character was mostly discontinued upon Henson's death in 1990.

Grover
Grover is a blue Muppet character on the PBS/HBO children's television show Sesame Street. Self-described as lovable, cute, and furry, he is a blue monster who rarely uses contractions when he speaks or sings. Grover was originally performed by Frank Oz from his earliest appearances. Eric Jacobson has performed the character regularly from the year 1998 onwards.
Vincenzo Miserendino
Vincenzo "Vincent" Miserendino (January 29, 1875 – December 26, 1943) was an Italian-American artist and sculptor born in Sicily and active in New York City during the first half of the 20th century. He studied art first in Palermo at the age of 13 and then in Rome at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma (Academy of Fine Arts at Rome). He immigrated to the United States in 1894 at the age of nineteen, and settled on the lower east side of Manhattan, working in many odd jobs while trying to establish himself as an artist.

Currently his sculptures can be found throughout the United States and many are catalogued in the Smithsonian Institution's Research Information Service.

Enrico Caruso
Enrico Caruso (25 February 1873 – 2 August 1921) was an Italian operatic tenor, who sang to great acclaim at the major opera houses of Europe and the Americas, appearing in a wide variety of roles that ranged from the lyric to the dramatic. Generally recognized as the first international recording star, Caruso made around 250 commercially released recordings from 1902 to 1920.
2010 International Bowl
The 2010 International Bowl was the fourth and final edition of the college football bowl game, and was played at Rogers Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  The game started at 12:00 p.m. US EST on Saturday, January 2, 2010. The game was telecast on ESPN2 and the South Florida Bulls defeated the Northern Illinois Huskies 27–3.

Both teams played in their first International Bowl.  South Florida played in their fifth consecutive bowl game.  They were previously  2-2 in bowl games and were coming off a 41–14 victory over Memphis in the 2008 St. Petersburg Bowl.  Northern Illinois made its fourth bowl appearance in six years.  The Huskies were defeated 17–10 by Louisiana Tech in the previous years' Independence Bowl.

The game was the third meeting between the two schools.  In 2001, South Florida's first game as an NCAA Division I-A team was at Northern Illinois; NIU won 20–17 on a last-second field goal.  One year later, South Florida defeated the Huskies 37–6 in Tampa.

2008 St. Petersburg Bowl
The 2008 St. Petersburg Bowl was the inaugural edition of the new  college football bowl game, and was played at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg, Florida.  The game was played beginning at 4:30 p.m. US EST on Saturday, December 20, 2008, and was telecast on ESPN2, saw the South Florida Bulls (based in nearby Tampa) defeat their former conference rivals Memphis Tigers, 41–14. Sean McDonough, Chris Spielman and Rob Stone called the game. For sponsorship reasons, the game was officially known as the 2008 magicJack St. Petersburg Bowl.
Radical flank effect
The radical flank effect refers to the positive or negative effects that radical activists for a cause have on more moderate activists for the same cause.

According to Riley Dunlap, the idea of a radical flank effect "has a lot of credibility among social-movement scholars".

Overton window
The Overton window is the range of subjects and arguments politically acceptable to the mainstream population at a given time. It is also known as the window of discourse. The key to the concept is that the window changes over time; it can shift, or shrink or expand. It exemplifies "the slow evolution of societal values and norms".

The term is named after the American policy analyst and former senior vice president at Mackinac Center for Public Policy, Joseph Overton, who proposed that the political viability of an idea depends mainly on whether it falls within an acceptability range, rather than on the individual preferences of politicians using the term or concept. According to Overton, the window frames the range of policies that a politician may recommend without appearing too extreme, in order to gain or keep public office given the climate of public opinion at that particular time.
Maria Martynova
Maria Martynova (born 25 December 1997) is a Belarusian sports shooter. She competed in the women's 10 metre air rifle event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Her father, Sergei, is a 2012 Olympic Champion in the 50 m rifle prone event.

Sergei Martynov (sport shooter)
Sergei Martynov (Belarusian: Сяргей Анатолевіч Мартынаў; new transliteration Siarhei Martynau, Łacinka Siarhiej Anatolevič Martynaŭ) (born 18 May 1968) is a Belarusian 50 m rifle shooter. He is the 2012 Olympic champion in the 50 m rifle prone event.
1967 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1967 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 79th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 29 January 1967. The championship began on 23 April 1967 and ended on 29 October 1967.

St. Nicholas' entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by University College Cork in the first round.

On 29 October 1967, Beara won the championship following a 2-05 to 0-07 defeat of University College Cork in a final replay. It was their fifth championship title overall and their first title since 1940.

Eric Philpott and Con O'Sullivan were the championship's joint top scorers.

1887 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1887 Cork Senior Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1887. The championship began on 6 March 1887 and ended on 10 July 1887.

On 10 July 1887, Lees won the championship following a 0–04 to 0–01 defeat of Lisgoold in the final at Cork Park. The club subsequently represented Cork in the 1887 All-Ireland Championship.