hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jill Gomez
Jill Carnegy, Countess of Northesk (née Gomez; born 21 September 1942) is a Trinidadian and British soprano who enjoyed an active career on the operatic stage and in the concert hall in a wide repertoire, and has made many recordings.

La traviata
La traviata (Italian: [la traviˈaːta, -aˈvjaː-]; The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on La Dame aux camélias (1852), a play by Alexandre Dumas fils, which he adapted from his own 1848 novel. The opera was originally titled Violetta, after the main character. It was first performed on 6 March 1853 at La Fenice opera house in Venice.

Piave and Verdi wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting, but the authorities at La Fenice insisted that it be set in the past, "c. 1700". It was not until the 1880s that the composer's and librettist's original wishes were carried out and "realistic" productions were staged. La traviata has become immensely popular and is among the most frequently performed of all operas.
Citrus Belt League
Citrus Belt League (CBL) is a high school sports league in the Inland Empire region within the Greater Los Angeles area of California's CIF Southern Section.

The Citrus Belt League is one of the five founding leagues of the California Interscholastic Federation Southern Section (CIF-SS) when established in 1913. It was the only Division I league in the San Bernardino-Riverside County area since its inception, until 2006, when CIF Southern Section reorganized it to Division II.

Riverside Polytechnic High School
Riverside Polytechnic High School is a four-year public high school in Riverside, California, United States, and part of the Riverside Unified School District.  The current facility, located on Victoria Avenue, was opened in September 1965; the traditions of the school go back to 1887, then known as the Riverside High School, making Riverside Polytechnic the oldest high school in the city.
Adarsh Kumar Goel
Adarsh Kumar Goel (born 7 July 1953) is a retired Indian judge. He is a former Chairperson of National Green Tribunal, and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. He is also former chief justice of the Orissa High Court and  Gauhati High Court, and a former judge of the Gauhati High Court and Punjab and Haryana High Court.

Gauhati High Court
The  Gauhati High Court  was promulgated by the governor general of India on 1 March 1948 after the Government of India Act 1935 was passed, establishing the high court with effect from 5 April 1948, for the then-province of Assam. It was originally known as the High Court of Assam and Nagaland, but renamed as Gauhati High Court in 1971 by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971.

It has the largest jurisdiction in terms of states, with its area covering the states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, and Mizoram.
Safety Island
Safety Island (67°31′S 63°54′E﻿ / ﻿67.517°S 63.900°E﻿ / -67.517; 63.900) is a small coastal island 4.8 km (3 mi) east of Cape Daly, Antarctica, 9 km (6 mi) south of Auster Islands, and 0.9 km (0.6 mi) northwest of Landmark Point. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. First visited in 1954 by an ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) party led by R.G. Dovers, and so named because it was the nearest safe camp site to Scullin Monolith.

Auster Islands
The Auster Islands are a group of small islands at the northeast end of the Robinson Group, located 10 km (5.5 nmi) north of Cape Daly, Mac. Robertson Land. They were mapped from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) surveys and from air photos 1959–66, and so named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia  because of the nearness of the islands to Auster rookery, and because they have provided a camp site for ANARE parties visiting the rookery.
Macrohasseltia
Macrohasseltia is a  monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. It consists of one species of tree: Macrohasseltia macroterantha, which is native to Central America. Formerly placed in the heterogeneous family Flacourtiaceae, Macrohasseltia is now classified in Salicaceae, along with close relatives Bennettiodendron, Carrierea, Idesia, Itoa, Olmediella, Poliothyrsis, and even the willows (Salix) and cottonwoods (Populus) themselves.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
2013 Chang-Sat Bangkok Open
The 2013 Chang-Sat Bangkok Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bangkok, Thailand between 26 August and 1 September 2013.

Bangkok Challenger
The Bangkok Challenger (formerly known as SAT Bangkok Open, Chang-Sat Bangkok Open and KPN Bangkok Open) was a tennis tournament held in Bangkok, Thailand from 2009 until 2020. The event was part of the ATP Challenger Tour and was played on outdoor hardcourts.
Petland Discounts
Petland Discounts was a privately owned chain of pet stores based in Brentwood, New York. The company was founded in 1965 with a store in Glen Oaks, New York. At its peak, Petland Discounts had expanded up to 100 stores and served the states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.

Petland Discounts was also involved in providing a school program teaching students and introducing an experience with pets to children of all ages.

Pet store
A pet shop or pet store is an essential services retailer which sells animals and pet care resources to the public. A variety of animal supplies and pet accessories are also sold in pet shops. The products sold include: food, treats, toys, collars, leashes, cat litter, cages and aquariums.

Pet shops may also offer both hygienic care (such as pet cleaning) and aesthetic services (such as cat and dog grooming). Some pet stores also provide tips on training and behaviour, as well as advice on pet nutrition. Some pet stores provide engraving services for pet tags, which have the owner's contact information in case the pet gets lost.
Battlefield V
Battlefield V is a 2018 first-person shooter game developed by DICE and published by Electronic Arts. The game is the successor to Battlefield 1 (2016) and the sixteenth installment in the Battlefield series. It is based on World War II and is a thematic continuation of its World War I-based precursor Battlefield 1. It was released for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in November 2018.

Pre-release reception of Battlefield V was mixed, with the announcement trailer causing significant backlash from some fans of the series. Upon release, the game received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised its gameplay and new multiplayer modes but criticized for its shortage of content at launch and lack of innovation. It sold 7.3 million units by the end of 2018, but was a commercial disappointment for Electronic Arts. In April 2020, it was announced that support for the game would continue until the summer of 2020, when it would receive its last major update.

Norwegian resistance movement
The Norwegian resistance (Norwegian: Motstandsbevegelsen) to the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany began after Operation Weserübung in 1940 and ended in 1945. It took several forms:

Asserting the legitimacy of the exiled government, and by implication the lack of legitimacy of Vidkun Quisling's pro-Nazi regime and Josef Terboven's military administration

The initial defence in Southern Norway, which was largely disorganised, but succeeded in allowing the government to escape capture

The more organised military defence and counter-attacks in parts of Western and Northern Norway, aimed at securing strategic positions and the evacuation of the government

Armed resistance, in the form of sabotage, commando raids, assassinations and other special operations during the occupation

Civil disobedience and unarmed resistance
Ministry of Jean-Baptiste de Martignac
The Ministry of Jean-Baptiste de Martignac was formed on 4 January 1828 after the dismissal of the Ministry of Joseph de Villèle by King Charles X of France.
The ministry was replaced on 8 August 1829 by the Ministry of Jules de Polignac.

Ministry of Jules de Polignac
The Ministry of Jules de Polignac was formed on 8 August 1829 in the last year of the reign of King Charles X of France. It was dissolved on 29 July 1830 during the July Revolution and replaced by the Ministry of Casimir de Rochechouart de Mortemart.
Fakhraddin Shahbazov
Fəxrəddin Şahbazov (Azerbaijani: Fəxrəddin İbrahim oğlu Şahbazov) (22 January 1950, Baku, Azerbaijan – 20 November 1991, Khojavend, Azerbaijan) was a National Hero of Azerbaijan, and warrior during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

1991 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown
On November 20, 1991, an Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 military helicopter, carrying a peacekeeping mission team consisting of 13 Azerbaijani government officials, two Russian and one Kazakhstani Ministry of Internal Affairs officials, three Azerbaijani journalists and three helicopter crew was shot down amidst heavy fighting near the village of Berdashen, also known as Karakend, in Nagorno-Karabakh. All 22 people (19 passengers and three crew) on board were killed in the crash.  The incident is known in Azerbaijan as the ''Karakend tragedy''.
Intermarium (region)
The Intermarium region comprises a group of geographically contiguous Central and Eastern European countries that share a common historical, social, and cultural identity. Many were socialist buffer republics, either Soviet republics or otherwise subordinate to the USSR. As a region, they form a land buffer from the Baltic to the Black Sea that could balance future Russian influence in Europe.

The term has gained currency in the context of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, as humanitarian and military aid has been offered to Ukraine, increasing its defence resources (GDP). Support for Ukraine has also included many countries that have condemned Russia's actions and imposed sanctions, including Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia. Other assistance includes accelerated and expanded energy projects; communications projects; and various NATO defence projects, including NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence.

Central and Eastern Europe
Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term encompassing the countries in Northeast Europe (primarily the Baltics), Central Europe (primarily the Visegrád Group), Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe (primarily the Balkans), usually meaning former communist states from the Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact in Europe, as well as from former Yugoslavia. Scholarly literature often uses the abbreviations CEE or CEEC for this term. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) also uses the term "Central and Eastern European Countries" (CEECs) for a group comprising some of these countries. This term is sometimes used as an alternative to the term "Eastern Europe," for more neutral grouping.
Timeline of women's suffrage in Illinois
This is a timeline of women's suffrage in Illinois. Women's suffrage in Illinois began in the mid 1850s. The first women's suffrage group was created in 1855 in Earlville, Illinois by Susan Hoxie Richardson. The Illinois Woman Suffrage Association (IWSA), later renamed the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association (IESA), was created by Mary Livermore in 1869. This group held annual conventions and petitioned various governmental bodies in Illinois for women's suffrage. On June 19, 1891, women gained the right to vote for school offices. However, it wasn't until 1913 that women saw expanded suffrage. That year women in Illinois were granted the right to vote for Presidential electors and various local offices. Suffragists continued to fight for full suffrage in the state. Finally, Illinois became the first state to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment on June 10, 1919. The League of Women Voters (LWV) was announced in Chicago on February 14, 1920.

Grace Wilbur Trout
Grace Belden Wilbur Trout (March 18, 1864 – October 21, 1955) was an American suffragist who was president of two prominent Illinois suffrage organizations, the Chicago Political Equality League and the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association (IESA). She was instrumental in getting the Illinois legislature to pass the presidential and municipal suffrage law, also known as the "Illinois Law," a law giving women partial suffrage by allowing them to vote in local and national elections. Though inexperienced with legislative work, she implemented a strategic lobbying plan in the state legislature that succeeded. She also organized public campaigns to build support for suffrage and secured favorable statewide media coverage.
Helbah
Helbah is a town of the tribe of Asher (Judges 1:31), in the plain of Phoenicia:

Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, or the inhabitants of Sidon, or of Ahlab, or of Achzib, or of Helbah, or of Aphik, or of Rehob; but the Asherites dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land; for they did not drive them out.— Judges 1:31-32 in the Revised Standard Version

Sidon
Sidon (/ˈsaɪdən/ SY-dən), or Saida (/ˈsaɪdə, ˈsɑːɪdə/ SY-də, SAH-id-ə; Arabic: صيدا, romanized: Ṣaydā), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located on the Mediterranean coast in the South Governorate, of which it is the capital. Tyre, to the south, and the Lebanese capital of Beirut, to the north, are each about 40 kilometres (25 miles) away. Sidon has a population of about 80,000 within the city limits, while its metropolitan area has more than a quarter-million inhabitants.
History of eugenics
The history of eugenics is the study of development and advocacy of ideas related to eugenics around the world. Early eugenic ideas were discussed in Ancient Greece and Rome. The height of the modern eugenics movement came in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Evolutionary pressure
Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population, driving natural selection. It is a quantitative description of the amount of change occurring in processes investigated by evolutionary biology, but the formal concept is often extended to other areas of research.

In population genetics, selective pressure is usually expressed as a selection coefficient.
Death and legacy of Tom Thomson
The Canadian painter Tom Thomson died on 8 July 1917, on Canoe Lake in Algonquin Provincial Park in Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. After Thomson drowned in the water, his upturned canoe was discovered later that afternoon and his body eight days later. Many theories regarding Thomson's death—including that he was murdered or committed suicide—have become popular in the years since his death, though these ideas lack any substantiation.

Thomson stands tall as a figure in Canadian art. His later work has had a profound influence on both the artists contemporary to him as well as those coming much later. Paintings such as The Jack Pine and The West Wind have taken a prominent place in the culture of Canada and are some of the country's most iconic pieces of art. In addition to his prominence as an artist, he has developed a reputation as an ideal Canadian outdoorsman, proficient in canoeing and fishing, though his talents in the former have come to be doubted.

Joyce Wieland
Joyce Wieland OC RCA (June 30, 1930 – June 27, 1998) was a groundbreaking artist and cultural activist who used diverse media to explore feminism and Canadian identity. Wieland found success as a painter when she began her career in Toronto in the 1950s. In 1962, Wieland moved to New York City and expanded her career as an artist by including new materials and mixed media work. During that time, she also rose to prominence as an experimental filmmaker and soon, institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art in New York were showing her films. In 1971, Wieland's True Patriot Love exhibition was the first solo exhibition by a living Canadian female artist at the National Gallery of Canada. In 1982, Wieland received the honour of an Officer of the Order of Canada and in 1987, she was awarded the Toronto Arts Foundation's Visual Arts Award. She was also a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor, also called Whowell's Cross and Chatterton's Cross, is located on Holcombe Moor near Ramsbottom and Holcombe, Greater Manchester, England. It marks the site of a 12th-century stone wayside cross, originally placed for the use of travellers, for prayer and as a guide post.

Ramsbottom
Ramsbottom is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 census was 17,872. Historically in Lancashire, it lies on the River Irwell in the West Pennine Moors, 3.9 miles (6.3 km) north-west of Bury and 12 miles (19 km) of Manchester. Its Victorian architecture, Pennine landscape and industrial heritage, including the East Lancashire Railway, contribute to heritage tourism in the town.
History of Central European forests
The history of Central European forests is characterised by thousands of years of exploitation by people. Thus a distinction needs to be made between the botanical natural history of the forest in pre- and proto-historical times—which falls mainly into the fields of natural history and Paleobotany—and the onset of the period of sedentary settlement which began at the latest in the Neolithic era in Central Europe - and thus the use of the forest by people, which is covered by the disciplines of history, archaeology, cultural studies and ecology.

The definition of Central Europe is a (sometimes heated) area of debate, and isn't used with consistent meaning across fields of study, encyclopedias and dictionaries, cultures or natural and political borders.

In rough terms the general area both geographically and ecologically is situated between the North Sea, the Alps, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea.

Central Uplands
The Central Uplands (German: die Mittelgebirge) is one of the three major natural regions of Germany. It stretches east to west across the country. To the north lies the North German Plain or Northern Lowland; to the south, the Alps and the Alpine Foreland.
Appell series
In mathematics, Appell series are a set of four hypergeometric series F1, F2, F3, F4 of two variables that were introduced by Paul Appell (1880) and that generalize Gauss's hypergeometric series 2F1 of one variable. Appell established the set of partial differential equations of which these functions are solutions, and found various reduction formulas and expressions of these series in terms of hypergeometric series of one variable.

Émile Picard
Charles Émile Picard FRS(For) FRSE (French: [ʃaʁl emil pikaʁ]; 24 July 1856 – 11 December 1941) was a French mathematician. He was elected the fifteenth member to occupy seat 1 of the Académie française in 1924.
NGC 3312
NGC 3312 is a large and highly inclined spiral galaxy located about 194 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 26, 1835. It was later rediscovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on February 26, 1887. NGC 3312 was later listed and equated with IC 629 because the two objects share essentially the same celestial coordinates. NGC 3312 is the largest spiral galaxy in the Hydra Cluster and is also classified as a LINER galaxy.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.
Barnweill Church
Barnweill Church or Barnweil Church (NGR NS 40506 29903) is a ruined pre-reformation kirk situated on rising ground on the slopes of Barnweill Hill, Parish of Craigie, South Ayrshire, Scotland; about 3 km from Tarbolton. The church was known locally as the "Kirk in the Wood". It lies about 170m North North-East of Kirkhill Farm. Barnweill was central to the Protestant Reformation in Ayrshire through its association with John Knox. The spelling 'Barnweill' is used throughout for consistency.

Symington, South Ayrshire
Symington is a conservation village in South Ayrshire, Scotland. It is located in Symington parish, covering 0.41 square kilometres (3⁄16 sq mi), and lies close to the A77 road from Ayr to Glasgow. Its church, built in 1160, remains one of the finest examples of a Norman church in Scotland.
Gigantor
Gigantor (Japanese: 鉄人28号, Hepburn: Tetsujin Nijūhachi-gō; lit. "Iron Man No. 28") is a 1963 anime adaptation of Tetsujin 28-go, a manga by Mitsuteru Yokoyama released in 1956. It debuted on US television in January 1966. As with Speed Racer, the characters' original names were altered and the original series' violence was toned down for American viewers. The dub was created by Fred Ladd distributed in the US by Peter Rodgers Organization.

A new series was produced in Japan in 1980 and was later shown as The New Adventures of Gigantor, on the Sci Fi Channel from 1993 to 1997.

Trans-Lux
Trans-Lux is a company that specializes in designing, selling, leasing, and maintaining multi-color, real-time data and LED large-screen electronic information displays, but is primarily known as a major supplier of national stock ticker displays for stock exchanges. These indoor and outdoor displays are used worldwide in many industries, including banking, gaming, corporate, retail, healthcare, sports, transportation and in the financial industry.
Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12
The Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 12 (also known as the 2012 FFB Snooker Open and the 2012 Arcaden Shopping Open for sponsorship purposes.) was a professional minor-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 15 and 16 December 2011 at the World Snooker Academy in Sheffield, England with the first three rounds and 6–8 January 2012 at the Event Forum in Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany from the last 16 onwards.

Matthew Stevens made the 82nd official maximum break during his last 128 match against Michael Wasley. This was Stevens' first 147 break. On the same day Ding Junhui made the 83rd official maximum break during his last 128 match against Brandon Winstone. This was Ding's third 147 break. This was the first time that two official maximum breaks have been compiled on the same day.

Stephen Maguire won his seventh professional title by defeating Joe Perry 4–2 in the final.

FFB Open
The FFB Open was a pro–am minor-ranking snooker tournament, which was part of the Players Tour Championship. The tournament was only held in the 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 seasons. The event was split in two parts, with the first part taking place at the World Snooker Academy in Sheffield, England and the second part at the Event Forum in Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany. Mark Selby was the last champion.