hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cauchy surface
In the mathematical field of Lorentzian geometry, a Cauchy surface is a certain kind of submanifold of a Lorentzian manifold. In the application of Lorentzian geometry to the physics of general relativity, a Cauchy surface is usually interpreted as defining an "instant of time". In the mathematics of general relativity, Cauchy surfaces provide boundary conditions for the causal structure in which the Einstein equations can be solved (using, for example, the ADM formalism).

They are named for French mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789–1857) due to their relevance for the Cauchy problem of general relativity.

Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.
Keith Building
The Keith Building is a skyscraper in downtown Cleveland, Ohio's Playhouse Square theater district. The Keith is 272 feet tall and 21 stories, and houses the Palace Theater, a former flagship theater of the Keith vaudeville circuit. As of 2017, the renovated building is in use as an office tower.

At the time of its construction in 1922, the Keith was the tallest building in Cleveland until 1924 when it was overtaken by The 925 Building.  It is also the tallest performing arts-related building in Ohio. From 1922 through the mid-1950s, the Keith also had a multi-story electric sign on its roof, claimed to be the largest electric sign in the world at the time of its construction.

The Centennial (Cleveland)
The Centennial, formerly The 925 Building, Huntington Building, Union Commerce Building, originally the Union Trust Building, is a high-rise office building on Euclid Avenue in the Nine-Twelve District of downtown Cleveland, Ohio, USA. When the building was completed in 1924, it was the second largest building in the world in terms of floor space, with more than 30 acres (12 hectares) of floor space. It also included the world's largest bank lobby, which today remains among the largest in the world. The lobby features enormous marble Corinthian columns, barrel vaulted ceilings, and colorful murals by Jules Guerin.
Passion, Grace and Fire
Passion, Grace & Fire is the second album by John McLaughlin, Al Di Meola and Paco de Lucía released in 1983. Unlike their first album Friday Night in San Francisco, this album consists entirely of studio recordings.

Friday Night in San Francisco
Friday Night in San Francisco is a 1981 live album by Al Di Meola, John McLaughlin and Paco de Lucía. It was described by jazz author and critic Walter Kolosky as "a musical event that could be compared to the Benny Goodman Band's performance at Carnegie Hall in 1938 … [it] may be considered the most influential of all live acoustic guitar albums".

All the tracks except "Guardian Angel" were recorded live at the Warfield Theatre on 5 December 1980, in San Francisco; "Guardian Angel" was recorded at Minot Sound, in White Plains, New York.
Pierre Pigray
Pierre Pigray was a French surgeon born in Paris in 1531.  He was a student of the famous surgeon, Ambroise Paré before qualifying as a master surgeon in 1564.  In addition to his service to the wounded in the Battle of Dreux (1562), Pigray was best known for being the surgeon-in-ordinary to King Charles IX, King Henri III, and King Henri IV.  He died 16 October 1613.

Ambroise Paré
Ambroise Paré (French: [ɑ̃bʁwaz paʁe]; c. 1510 – 20 December 1590) was a French barber surgeon who served in that role for kings Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III. He is considered one of the fathers of surgery and modern forensic pathology and a pioneer in surgical techniques and battlefield medicine, especially in the treatment of wounds. He was also an anatomist, invented several surgical instruments, and was a member of the Parisian barber surgeon guild.

In his personal notes about the care he delivered to Captain Rat, in the Piémont campaign (1537–1538), Paré wrote: Je le pansai, Dieu le guérit ("I bandaged him and God healed him"). This epitomises a philosophy that he used throughout his career. These words, inscribed on his statue in Laval, are reminiscent of the Latin adage medicus curat, natura sanat, "The physician cures, nature heals".
1991 World Cup (men's golf)
The 1991 World Cup took place 31 October – 3 November 1991 at the Le Querce Golf Club, name later changed to Golf Nazionale, 30 miles north of Rome, Italy. It was the 37th World Cup event. The tournament was a 72-hole stroke play team event with 32 teams. Each team consisted of two players from a country. The combined score of each team determined the team results. The Swedish team of Anders Forsbrand and Per-Ulrik Johansson won by one stroke over the Wales team of Ian Woosnam and Phillip Price. The individual competition was won by Woosnam. This was the second team victory in professional golf within a month for Sweden, winning also the 1991 Dunhill Cup for three-men teams, were the Swedish team also included Forsbrand and Johansson. By the win, Sweden became the first nation to simultaneously hold the team titles in the Eisenhower Trophy, the Dunhill Cup and the World Cup in men's golf.

1991 Dunhill Cup
The 1991 Dunhill Cup was the seventh Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 10–13 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The Swedish team of Anders Forsbrand, Per-Ulrik Johansson, and Mats Lanner beat the South African team of John Bland, David Frost, and Gary Player in the final. The final match was scheduled to consist of six individual matches (as in 1989 and 1990) but was reduced to three matches (as from 1985 to 1988) due to weather.
Mrówna
Mrówna [ˈmruvna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Wartkowice, 11 km (7 mi) north of Poddębice, and 42 km (26 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wartkowice
Wartkowice [vartkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of Poddębice and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Alecia Elliott
Alecia Elliott (born December 25, 1982) is an American contemporary country music singer and actress.  She was discovered by Lorrie Morgan, who was impressed by her demo recordings in the mid-1990s. Elliott issued her first studio recording on MCA Nashville in 2000 entitled I'm Diggin' It. As an actress, Elliott was one of the stars of the TNBC series All About Us, of which she also co-wrote its theme song.

In 2001, the American Music Awards nominated Elliott for the American Music Award for Favorite Country New Artist, losing to Billy Gilman.

In December 2019, she returned to music with a new single called "What Love Can Do" under Muscle Shoals Recordings. It was her first single since 2001. Her second studio album, Voodoo, was released in September 2020. As of September 2021, "Voodoo" had been removed from all streaming platforms.

On April 23, 2023, Alecia released a new R&B single titled "Addicted" independently.

Billy Gilman
William Wendell Gilman III (born May 24, 1988), known professionally as Billy Gilman, is an American country music singer. Starting as a young country artist, he is known for his debut single "One Voice", a top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 and a top 20 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in 2000. He has released five albums, including three for Epic Nashville. In 2016, Gilman auditioned for season 11 of the US edition of The Voice and competed as part of Team Adam Levine, finishing as runner-up for the season.
HD 129357
HD 129357 is a G-type main-sequence star in the constellation Boötes that is located about 154 light years from the Sun. The measured properties of this star are very similar to those of the Sun, making it a candidate solar twin. However, it has a lower abundance of lithium than the Sun and appears to be over 3 billion years older, so it may instead be a solar analog.

It was suggested by astronomer Olin Eggen that HD 129357 is a member of the Wolf 630 moving group of stars that share a common motion through space. The space velocity components of HD 129357 are (U, V, W) = (+21.3, −36.3, −32.0).

Boötes
Boötes (/boʊˈoʊtiːz/ boh-OH-teez) is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere. The name comes from Latin: Boōtēs, which comes from Ancient Greek: Βοώτης, romanized: Boṓtēs 'herdsman' or 'plowman' (literally, 'ox-driver'; from βοῦς boûs 'cow').

One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Boötes is now one of the 88 modern constellations. It contains the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, the orange giant Arcturus. Epsilon Boötis, or Izar, is a colourful multiple star popular with amateur astronomers. Boötes is home to many other bright stars, including eight above the fourth magnitude and an additional 21 above the fifth magnitude, making a total of 29 stars easily visible to the naked eye.
2020 Rajasthan Royals season
The 2020 season was the 13th season for the Indian Premier League franchise Rajasthan Royals. The Rajasthan Royals are sometimes considered as the "moneyball" team of the IPL. The Royals are known to unearth obscure, high potential talent team. Steve Smith led the team. The team finished at bottom of the table with 6 wins and 8 losses. Sanju Samson scored the most runs with 375 runs and Jofra Archer took the most wickets with 2020 and earned the Player Of The Tournament.

Jofra Archer
Jofra Chioke Archer (born 1 April 1995) is an English cricketer who represents England in all formats as a right-arm fast bowler. In domestic cricket he plays for Sussex as well as a number of T20 franchises. Archer was a member of the England squad that won the 2019 Cricket World Cup. In April 2020, Archer was named as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year.
Tko to tamo pjeva? season 2
The second season of the Croatian television mystery music game show Tko to tamo pjeva? premiered on Nova TV on 7 March 2025, followed by its Bosnian airing debut on Nova BH through a delayed telecast on 13 March 2025.

Tko to tamo pjeva?
Tko to tamo pjeva? (lit. 'Who's singin' over there?') is a Croatian television mystery music game show based on the South Korean programme I Can See Your Voice. It first aired on Nova TV on 15 March 2024.
Rang Rasiya
Rang Rasiya, titled Colours of Passion in English, is a 2014 Indian drama film written and directed by Ketan Mehta, based on the life of the 19th century Indian painter Raja Ravi Varma. It was released bilingually in Hindi as Rang Rasiya and in English as Colours of Passion. The film was a cinematic adaptation of the novel Raja Ravi Varma by Ranjit Desai. It stars Randeep Hooda as Raja Ravi Varma and Nandana Sen as his love interest.

Colours of Passion was released at The Times BFI London Film Festival in November 2008. Rang Rasiya was theatrically released in India on 7 November 2014.

Central Board of Film Certification
The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory film-certification body in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. It is tasked with "regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952." The Cinematograph Act 1952 outlines a strict certification process for commercial films shown in public venues. Films screened in cinemas and on television may only be publicly exhibited in India after certification by the board and edited.
Criticism of Mormon sacred texts
The standard works of Mormonism—the largest denomination of which is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)—have been the subject of various criticisms. Latter-day Saints believe the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible; both are considered complementary to each other. Other Mormon sacred texts include the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants, which are also recognized as scripture. Religious and scholarly critics outside Mormonism have disputed Mormonism's unique scriptures, questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light and the extent to which they describe actual events. Critics cite research in history, archeology, and other disciplines to support their contentions.

Three Witnesses
The Three Witnesses is the collective name for three men—Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris—in the early Latter Day Saint movement who stated that an angel showed them the golden plates from which Joseph Smith translated the Book of Mormon. They also stated that they heard God's voice, informing them that the book had been translated by divine power.

Their joint statement, along with the Eight Witnesses statement, has appeared in every edition of the Book of Mormon since its publication in 1830. They are collectively known as the Book of Mormon witnesses.

All three men eventually broke with Smith’s church, although Harris and Cowdery were later rebaptized into the church after Smith's death. Whitmer founded his own Church of Christ. All three men upheld their testimony of the Book of Mormon at their deaths.
Gervase Babington
Gervase Babington (1549/1550–1610) was an English churchman, serving as the Bishop of Llandaff (1591–1594), Bishop of Exeter (1594–1597) and Bishop of Worcester in 1597–1610. He was a member of the Babington family and held influential offices at the same time as his cousin Anthony Babington was executed for treason against Elizabeth I as part of the Babington Plot.

Bishop of Exeter
The Bishop of Exeter is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter in the Province of Canterbury. The current bishop is Mike Harrison, since 2024.

From the first bishop until the sixteenth century the Bishops of Exeter were in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. However, during the Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily and later more permanently. Since the Reformation, the Bishop and Diocese of Exeter has been part of the reformed and catholic Church of England. The bishop's residence is The Bishop's Palace, Exeter.
Rameez (rapper)
Chima Rameez Okpalaugo better known by his mononym Rameez is an Austrian rapper best known in Germany for being featured on 2011 hit "Think About the Way" by Groove Coverage (a cover of a same-titled original hit by ICE MC) and in "My Party",  a hit by German DJane Housekat.

Ice MC
Ian Colin Campbell (born 22 March 1965), better known as Ice MC, is a British rapper who started his professional music career in Italy, when he got a record deal signing to record producer and singer Savage and released his debut single "Easy" in 1989. He's best known for the Eurodance 1990s hit singles "Take Away the Colour", "Think About the Way" and "It's a Rainy Day". Ice MC singles are most notable for being the first Eurodance songs to blend raggamuffin rapping style with female singing choruses. Zanetti's music team produced Ice MC hits while also producing songs for other major Italian artists of the same decade, like Double You, Alexia, and Corona.
Neresheim
Neresheim (German pronunciation: [ˈneːʁəshaɪm] ⓘ) is a town in the Ostalbkreis district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) northeast of Heidenheim, and 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Aalen.
It's the home of the Neresheim Abbey, which still hosts monks, was Reichsfrei until the German Mediatisation and was built by Balthasar Neumann. Another notable touristic attraction is the heritage railway Härtsfeldbahn.

Neresheim is listed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, France, along with 95 other sites of battles won by the French army.

Ostalbkreis
The Ostalbkreis (German pronunciation: [ˈɔstʔalpˌkʁaɪs] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in the east of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, on the border to Bavaria. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Schwäbisch Hall, Ansbach, Donau-Ries, Heidenheim, Göppingen and Rems-Murr.
Pejompongan
Pejompongan is a residential area located northeast of Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex, and in the south area of Slipi in Jakarta, Indonesia. This area was built as residential area for upper middle-class government employees and employees of other state institutions since 1950s. Pejompongan region Administratively located in the District of Tanah Abang and mostly located in the Village of Bendungan Hilir.

Historically, the development of Pejompongan started with the plan to build clean water treatment in the area of central Jakarta.  The first water-treatment plant was built in 1957. To improve the quality of raw water air supply, the city later built another plan in 1966. Pejompongan area is also known for its unique and exotic culinary choices.

Tanah Abang
Tanah Abang (lit. 'Redland(s)') is a district of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The district hosts the biggest textile market in Southeast Asia, Tanah Abang Market. It also hosts Gelora Bung Karno Stadium in Kelurahan Gelora and the western half of the largely skyscraper-dominated Sudirman Central Business District.
Carolina Goic
Carolina Nevenka Goić Borojević (born 20 December 1972) is a Chilean politician who served as president of the Chilean Christian Democratic Party (PDC) from 2016 to 2017.

She is a former Senator and former deputy for Magallanes, which includes the communities of Rio Verde, Laguna Blanca, Cape Horn, Porvenir, Primavera, Punta Arenas, San Gregorio, Timaukel and Torres del Paine. She was the PDC's nominee for president of Chile in 2017.

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (UC Chile; Spanish: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) is a traditional private university based in Santiago, Chile. It is one of the thirteen Catholic universities existing in the Chilean university system and one of the two pontifical universities in the country, along with the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso. Founded in 1888, it is one of Chile's oldest universities. It is ranked among the top universities in Latin America (2nd in the region and 93rd in the world as per QS Ranking 2025).

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has a strong and long-standing rivalry with the University of Chile, as they are both widely recognized as the most traditional and prestigious in the country, and one is Catholic and the other, secular. This rivalry also translates to sports, especially football.
Gmina Jednorożec
Gmina Jednorożec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Przasnysz County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Jednorożec, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Przasnysz and 103 km (64 mi) north of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 231.57 square kilometres (89.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,192 (7,309 in 2013).

Przasnysz
Przasnysz ([ˈpʂasnɨʂ]) is a town in north-central Poland, located in the Masovian Voivodship, about 110 km (68 mi) north of Warsaw and about 115 km (71 mi) south of Olsztyn. It is the capital of Przasnysz County. It has 18,093 inhabitants (2004). It was one of the most important towns in Mazovia during the Middle Ages. Przasnysz was granted town privileges in 1427.
South Derbyshire Miners' Association
The South Derbyshire Miners' Association was a trade union representing coal miners in the Derbyshire area of England.

The union was founded in 1888, and was originally known as the South Derbyshire Amalgamated Miners' Association.
By the following year, it had 2,140 members, although this fell to only 1,408 in 1898.  Thereafter, it gradually rebuilt membership, which peaked at more than 6,000 in the 1920s.

In 1889, the union was a founder constituent of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain.  In 1945, this became the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), and the union became its South Derbyshire Area, with less autonomy than before.

In 1985, the South Derbyshire Area split away from the NUM, to become a founder constituent of the new Union of Democratic Mineworkers.

Miners' Federation of Great Britain
The Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB) was established after a meeting of local mining trade unions in Newport, Wales in 1888. The federation was formed to represent and co-ordinate the affairs of local and regional miners' unions in England, Scotland and Wales whose associations remained largely autonomous. At its peak, the federation represented nearly one million workers.  It was reorganised into the National Union of Mineworkers in 1945.
Sherkhan Kalmurza
Sherkhan Eldaruly Kalmurza (Kazakh: Шерхан Елдарұлы Қалмұрза; born 15 June 2007) is a Kazakh professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Kazakhstan Premier League club Kairat and its Kazakhstan First League feeder team Kairat-Zhastar.

QJ League
The QJ League (Kazakh: Футболдан Қазақстан жасөспірімдер лигасы, Futboldan Qazaqstan jasöspırımder ligasy) — Kazakhstan Youth Football League, in which youth teams of professional football clubs in Kazakhstan take part. The official name according to the regulations from the 2023 season is Freedom QJ League. One of the ways to decipher the name — Qazaqstan Junior League.
Down (film)
Down (re-titled The Shaft on US releases) is a 2001 science fiction horror film written and directed by Dick Maas and starring James Marshall, Naomi Watts, and Eric Thal. It is a remake of the 1983 Dutch-language film The Lift, which was also directed by Maas.

Watts plays the role of pushy journalist Jennifer Evans, and Marshall as repairman and former Marine Mark Newman. The movie was mainly filmed in the Netherlands, although the crew briefly visited New York City and the District of Columbia as well for exterior shots.

The film was funded by Nederlands Fonds, and produced by First Floor Features and AVRO, with post-production by Sapex Scripts. It premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2001, and was released direct to video in the United States two years later.

Watchman (law enforcement)
Watchmen were organised groups of men, usually authorised by a state, government, city, or society, to deter criminal activity and provide law enforcement as well as traditionally perform the services of public safety, fire watch, crime prevention, crime detection, and recovery of stolen goods. Watchmen have existed since earliest recorded times in various guises throughout the world and were generally succeeded by the emergence of formally organised professional policing.
Christian atheism
Christian atheism embraces the teachings, narratives, symbols, practices, or communities associated with Christianity without accepting the literal existence of a deity. It often overlaps with nontheism and post-theism.

John D. Caputo
John David Caputo (born October 26, 1940) is an American philosopher who is the Thomas J. Watson Professor of Religion Emeritus at Syracuse University and the David R. Cook Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Villanova University. Caputo is a major figure associated with postmodern Christianity and continental philosophy of religion, as well as the founder of the theological movement known as weak theology. Much of Caputo's work focuses on hermeneutics, phenomenology, deconstruction, and theology.