hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of children in the military
Children in the military are children (defined by the Convention on the Rights of the Child as persons under the age of 18) who are associated with military organizations, such as state armed forces and non-state armed groups. Throughout history and in many cultures, children have been involved in military campaigns. For example, thousands of children participated on all sides of the First World War and the Second World War. Children may be trained and used for combat, assigned to support roles such as porters or messengers, or used for tactical advantage as human shields or for political advantage in propaganda.

Children are easy targets for military recruitment due to their greater susceptibility to influence compared to adults. Some children are recruited by force while others choose to join up, often to escape poverty or because they expect military life to offer a rite of passage to maturity.

Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (OPAC), also known as the child soldier treaty, is a multilateral treaty whereby states agree to: 1) prohibit the conscription into the military of children under the age of 18; 2) ensure that military recruits are no younger than 16; and 3) prevent recruits aged 16 or 17 from taking a direct part in hostilities. The treaty also forbids non-state armed groups from recruiting anyone under the age of 18 for any purpose.

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the treaty as a supplementary protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child by resolution 54/263 on 25 May 2000. The protocol came into force on 12 February 2002. The treaty consists of thirteen articles.

As of January 2023, 173 states are party to the protocol. A further 7 states have signed but not ratified it.
Saisie-contrefaçon
Under French law, the saisie-contrefaçon is a means of proof of the infringement and, more generally, any violation of an intellectual property right. This procedure permits the holder of the intellectual property right, upon receiving the authorisation of a judge, to call upon a bailiff (in certain cases, a police commissioner or a judge) to record an infringement. In France, the saisie-contrefaçon is one of the most widely used means of obtaining evidence of the existence and extent of an infringement of intellectual property rights.

French Intellectual Property Code
The French Intellectual Property Code (IPC; French: Code de la propriété intellectuelle), is a corpus of law relating to intellectual and industrial property. It was formalised by Law No 92-597 of 1 July 1992, replacing earlier laws relating to industrial property and artistic and literary property.

The code is frequently modified: two major modifications are known as the DADVSI law and the HADOPI law.
Estádio França Ndalu
Estádio França Ndalu is an Angolan football stadium built and owned by Clube Desportivo Primeiro de Agosto and will be the venue for the club's home games in all events that it takes part of.

The stadium is named after Gen. António França, nicknamed "Ndalu" who was a key figure in the club's foundation in 1977.

The 20,000-seat stadium is located in the Cassequel neighborhood, Maianga district, Luanda, Angola. The stadium is only the second private-owned stadium in Luanda, following Interclube's 22 de Junho as the remaining teams based in the capital play in the state-owned 11 de Novembro and Coqueiros.

Estádio 11 de Novembro
The Estádio 11 de Novembro or Estádio Nacional 11 de Novembro is a multi-use stadium in Talatona (near Luanda), Angola. Completed in 2010 ahead of the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, it hosted nine matches during the tournament, including five Group A matches, one Group B match, one quarter final, one semi-final, and the final. Its estimated cost is around 227 million US dollars.
Latif al-Ani
Latif al-Ani (Arabic: لطيف العاني, 1932 – 18 November 2021) was an Iraqi photographer, often known as "the father of Iraqi photography" and noted for his photographic works that combine both ancient and modern themes. During his active career from the 1950s through to the late 1970s, he chronicled an Iraqi way of life that was rapidly being lost as the country embarked on a modernization program. He documented people, ancient monuments and many facets of urban life in Iraq. He stopped taking photographs following the rise of Saddam Hussein, as he was unable to maintain his former optimistic outlook for Iraq's future.

Haydar-Khana Mosque
The Haydar-Khana Mosque (Arabic: جامع الحيدر خانة) is a mosque and madrasa, situated on al-Rashid Street in the Haydar-Khana district of Baghdad, in the Baghdad Governorate of Iraq. Originally built on top of a 12th-century mosque built by the Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir, the 19th-century mosque was built by the Mamluk Dawud Pasha. The mosque is one of Baghdad's most recognizable historical landmarks known for its architecture, role as a public sphere, and religious activities.

The mosque is considered one of the most beautiful and perfect mosques in Baghdad in terms of engineering and architectural construction and is also considered important for its contribution to revolutionary ideas against British colonialism of Iraq. It is also a great symbol for Iraqis because it was the center of national events of the religious, political and social diversity of the region.
2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup
The 2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup was the second edition of the WAFU Zone A Women's Cup, an international women's football tournament contested by the women's national association football teams of West Africa zone A organized by the West African Football Union (WAFU). The tournament was hosted by Cape Verde and took place from 20 to 29 January 2023; it was the first major WAFU A tournament to be hosted in Cape Verde. The opening match was contested between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos, Sal Island on 20 January 2023. The final took place on 29 January 2023 at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos.

Senegal was the defending champions, having won the previous tournament. and they successfully defended their title beating hosts Cape Verde 1–0 with a penalty kick scored by Senegalese captain Korka Fall.

2020 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup
The 2020 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup was the maiden edition of the international women's football event for teams from Zone A of the West African Football Union (WAFU). The competition was hosted by Sierra Leone at 2 match venues.7 team out of  8 had participate in this edition, only Mauritania did not participate. Senegal win Mali in the final, Agueissa Diarra was the top scorer with 6 goals.
Mary Dickens
Mary "Mamie" Dickens (6 March 1838 – 23 July 1896) was the eldest daughter of the English novelist Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine. She wrote a book of reminiscences about her father, and in conjunction with her aunt, Georgina Hogarth, she edited the first collection of his letters.

Gads Hill Place
Gad's Hill Place in Higham, Kent, sometimes spelt Gadshill Place and Gads Hill Place, was the country home of Charles Dickens. Today the building is the independent Gad's Hill School.

The house was built in 1780 for a former Mayor of Rochester, Thomas Stephens, opposite the present Sir John Falstaff Public House. Gad's Hill is where Falstaff commits the robbery that begins Shakespeare's Henriad trilogy (Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2 and Henry V).
Dotted Swiss (fabric)
Dotted Swiss, or Swiss Dot, is a sheer cotton fabric embellished with small dots. It is a fine, lightweight plain weave cotton fabric,  ornamented with embroidery or flocking with dotted patterns.

The dots sequence is possible in several ways and colors. The placement of dots can be regular to irregular and single color or multicolor. The dots could be of the same as ground color or different also.  The cloth is usually made crisp with temporary finishes.

Embellishment
In sewing and crafts, an embellishment is anything that adds design interest to the piece.

Embellishments allow individuals to express their personal style and identity. Clothing can be a form of self-expression, and the choice of embellishments can communicate one's personality, taste, and cultural background.
Aleksandr Nikolayev (painter)
Aleksandr Vasilievich Nikolayev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Никола́ев; 30 August 1897 – 27 June 1957), also known as Usto Mumin (Russian: Усто́ Муми́н),  was a Soviet painter of Russian origin, who lived and worked in the Uzbek SSR.

Ilkhom Theatre
Ilkhom Theatre (Ильхом Театр Марка Вайля) is a theatre company based in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Founded by Mark Weil (Марк Яковлевич Вайль) in 1976, it was the first independent theatre in the Soviet Union, and remains self-supporting to this day.

Weil was murdered in September 2007.   The murderers claimed that they took action due to his portrayal of Muhammed in his play Imitating the Qu'ran. Three men were sent to prison for between 17 and 20 years,

His last production was the Greek tragedy The Oresteia; despite his murder the day before it was scheduled to open, the actors went ahead because, according to them and to Mark Weil, the show must go on.

In 2011 Ilkhom Theatre won one of the Prince Claus Awards.
Lianxi Road station
Lianxi Road (simplified Chinese: 莲溪路; traditional Chinese: 蓮溪路; pinyin: Liánxī Lù) is an interchange station on Line 13 and  Line 18 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at Lianxi Road and Lüke Road in Pudong, Shanghai, the station opened on 30 December 2018 with the opening of the phases 2 and 3 extensions of Line 13. It became an interchange station with the opening of the remainder of phase one of Line 18 on 30 December 2021. Although this segment of Line 18 was originally scheduled to open by the end of 2020, the opening date has been delayed to late 2021.

Line 18 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 18 is a north–south Shanghai Metro line running from South Changjiang Road station in the city's Baoshan District to Hangtou station in Pudong, with a length of 36.13 km (22.45 mi). The line was originally scheduled to open by the end of 2020. However, officials announced that only the initial segment of eight stations in Pudong started test runs in September 2020. The 14.5 km (9.0 mi) southern section opened for passenger operations on December 26, 2020. The remainder of the line was opened on 30 December 2021. The line is 44.8 km (27.8 mi) long with 31 stations. The line is one of Shanghai Metro's new batch of high capacity fully automated and driverless lines along with Lines 14 and 15. The line is colored tan on system maps.
Lakeland station
Lakeland station is an Amtrak train station in Lakeland, Florida, served by the daily Floridian. The station is located on the northern shore of Lake Mirror. The Floridian doubles back between Auburndale and Tampa to serve Tampa station. Each train serves Lakeland twice – both before and after serving Tampa – so that passengers to/from Lakeland do not have to ride the Tampa portion of the route.

Champion (train)
The Champion was a streamlined passenger train operated by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Florida East Coast Railway between New York City and Miami or St. Petersburg, Florida. It operated from 1939 until 1979, continuing under the Seaboard Coast Line and Amtrak. It was a direct competitor to the Seaboard Air Line Railway's Silver Meteor, the first New York-Florida streamliner.
Litesound
Litesound is a Belarusian pop rock band formed in 2005 by brothers Dmitry and Vladimir Karyakin. In 2010, they released their debut album Going to Hollywood. Two years later, in 2012, the band was chosen to represent Belarus in the Eurovision Song Contest, performing the song "We Are the Heroes". As of 2018, they released their second studio album Litesound.

Polina Gagarina
Polina Sergeyevna Gagarina (Russian: Полина Сергеевна Гагарина, IPA: [pɐˈlʲinə sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvnə ɡɐˈɡarʲɪnə]; born 27 March 1987) is a Russian singer and songwriter. She represented Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with "A Million Voices" where she finished second with 303 points. In doing so, she became the first second-placed finisher to exceed 300 points. Gagarina also participated in the Chinese reality-competition Singer in 2019, where she was one of the finalists.

She was the tenth-highest Russian earner on Instagram and YouTube in 2021, with net revenue of about 6 million US dollars from 8.9 million subscribers.
San Fernando CD
San Fernando Club Deportivo Isleño was a Spanish football team based in San Fernando, Cádiz, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 2009 and dissolved in 2025, they held home matches at Estadio Bahía Sur, with a capacity of 8,000 seats.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Andalusia
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Community of Andalusia, are organized by the Federación Andaluza de Fútbol:

División de Honor (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid)

Primera Andaluza (Level 7)

Segunda Andaluza (Level 8)

Tercera Andaluza (Level 9)
Police vehicles in Japan
Police vehicles in Japan are vehicles used by Japanese prefectural police for patrolling, consisting of a variety of vehicles depending on the environment and situation. Most police vehicles in Japan are manufactured by domestic automakers such as Toyota, Nissan, or Subaru.

The formal Japanese term for a police vehicle is keirasha (警邏車), but the term patokā (パトカー), an abbreviation of "patrol car", is also widely used. The acronym "PC" is commonly used in police terminology (including over the radio).

Prefectural police
In the law enforcement system in Japan, prefectural police (都道府県警察, todōfuken-keisatsu) are prefecture-level law enforcement agencies responsible for policing, law enforcement, and public security within their respective prefectures of Japan. Although prefectural police are, in principle, regarded as municipal police, they are mostly under the central oversight and control of the National Police Agency.

As of 2020, the total strength of the prefectural police is approximately 260,000 sworn officers and 28,400 civilian staff, a total of 288,400 employees.
Qaleh-ye Bozeh Rud
Qaleh-ye Bozeh Rud (Persian: قلعه بزه رود, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Bozeh Rūd; also known as Boz Rūd, Buzrūd, Kulāh, Qal‘eh Barzūd, and Qal‘eh Bezarūd) is a village in Kanduleh Rural District, Dinavar District, Sahneh County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 221, in 75 families.

Dinavar District
Dinavar District (Persian: بخش دینور) is in Sahneh County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Miyan Rahan. The district's name reflects the ancient city of Dinavar, the ruins of which are in the district.
Straža pri Raki
Straža pri Raki (pronounced [ˈstɾaːʒa pɾi ˈɾaːki]; in older sources also Straza pri Svetem Valentinu, German: Straža bei Sankt Valentin) is a settlement east of Raka in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Raka, Krško
Raka (pronounced [ˈɾàːka]; German: Arch) is a village in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region. The village is known for a quality variety of onion.
Güryıldız
Güryıldız is a town (belde) in the Tokat District, Tokat Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,045 (2022). It is situated to the south of Black Sea Mountains and to the west of Tokat. The distance to Tokat is 23 kilometres (14 mi). The settlement was founded by Ahıska Turks from east. In 1999 it was declared a seat of township. Tomato and grape are the main crops of the town.

Tokat
Tokat is a city of Turkey in the mid-Black Sea region of Anatolia. It is the seat of Tokat Province and Tokat District. Its population is 163,405 (2022). It is located at the confluence of the Tokat River (Tokat Suyu) with the Yeşilırmak.
Fritzschia
Fritzschia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melastomataceae, native to the Atlantic coastal forest of Brazil. They are sprawling or erect shrubs, with their branchlets and their hypanthia coated with either glandular or villose trichomes.

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
2010 Washington, D.C., mayoral election
On November 2, 2010, Washington, D.C., held an election for its mayor. The primary elections occurred on September 14. Vincent Gray won the general election by a wide margin, although many voters wrote in incumbent Mayor Adrian Fenty, whom Gray defeated in the primary.

Mayoral elections in Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., is a political division coterminous with the District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States.  The enactment of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act in 1973 provided for an elected mayor for the first time in nearly a century. Starting in 1974, there have been thirteen elections for mayor and six people have held the office. The Democratic Party has immense political strength in the district. In each of the mayoral elections, the district has solidly voted for the Democratic candidate, with no margin less than 14 percentage points.

The mayor serves a four-year term. In 1994, residents approved a ballot measure limiting the mayor to two consecutive terms, despite simultaneously electing Marion Barry to his fourth term. In 2001, the D.C. Council repealed the measure, abolishing term limits for all elected positions.
Advanced Language & Academic Studies High School
Advanced Language & Academic Studies High School (ALAS) is part of the Milwaukee Public Schools district in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. For the 2009–2010 school year, total enrollment was 249 students. As of 2016 it had 247 students with a Student Radial Diversity Index of 13%. Most students speak the Spanish language  as their first language (although lessons are taught in both the Spanish language and the English language).

Milwaukee Public Schools
Milwaukee Public Schools (MPS) is the largest school district in Wisconsin. As of the 2023–24 school year, MPS served 66,864 students in 154 schools and had 9,500 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff positions. A publicly elected school board, the Milwaukee Board of School Directors, provides direction and oversight, with a superintendent heading the organization's administration.

The district includes all portions of Milwaukee in Milwaukee County, which means it includes almost all of Milwaukee.

Milwaukee Public Schools' offerings include neighborhood schools, specialty schools and charter schools serving students from age 3 through grade 12.
Théâtrophone
Théâtrophone (French pronunciation: [teatʁɔfɔn], "the theatre phone") was a telephonic distribution system available in portions of Europe that allowed the subscribers to listen to opera and theatre performances over the telephone lines. The théâtrophone evolved from a Clément Ader invention, which was first demonstrated in 1881, in Paris. Subsequently, in 1890, the invention was commercialized by Compagnie du Théâtrophone, which continued to operate until 1932.

Telephony
Telephony (/təˈlɛfəni/ tə-LEF-ə-nee) is the field of technology involving the development, application, and deployment of telecommunications services for the purpose of electronic transmission of voice, fax, or data, between distant parties. The history of telephony is intimately linked to the invention and development of the telephone.

Telephony is commonly referred to as the construction or operation of telephones and telephonic systems and as a system of telecommunications in which telephonic equipment is employed in the transmission of speech or other sound between points, with or without the use of wires. The term is also used frequently to refer to computer hardware, software, and computer network systems, that perform functions traditionally performed by telephone equipment. In this context the technology is specifically referred to as Internet telephony, or voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
Runcinia insecta
Runcinia insecta is a species of spider in the family Thomisidae. It is a common species with a very wide global distribution in the Afrotropical, Oriental, and Palaearctic regions. It has been introduced to Australia.

Thomisidae
The Thomisidae are a family of spiders, including about 170 genera and over 2,100 species. The common name crab spider is often linked to species in this family, but may also be used for spiders from other families. Many members of this family are also known as flower spiders or flower crab spiders.
National Federation of Republican Women
The National Federation of Republican Women (NFRW) is a political action committee (PAC) that serves as the women's wing of the Republican Party in the United States. It was founded in 1938 by Marion Martin (1901–1987), who was the assistant chair of the Republican National Committee (RNC). The NFRW is recognized as one of the largest grassroots political organizations in the country, with thousands of members spread across local clubs nationwide. According to the NFRW, its mission is to "empower women from all backgrounds in the political process and provide a forum for women to serve as leaders in political, government, and civic arenas."

Women's wing
A women's wing, sometimes also known as a women's group or women's branch, is an auxiliary or independent front or faction within a larger organization, typically a political party, that consists of that organization's female membership or acts to promote women within a party. These wings vary widely in type, form, and affiliation. Membership may be either optional or automatic for all female members within the organization. The most common intention is to encourage women to join formal power structures, but different women's wings serve different purposes depending on variable circumstances.
Tonga Football Association Stadium
The Tonga Football Association Stadium is a 500-seat association football stadium currently under construction in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga. Once completed, it will be the home of the Tonga national football team. The stadium is the second-largest outdoor venue in the country, behind only the Teufaiva Sport Stadium.

Nukuʻalofa
Nukuʻalofa (/ˌnuːkuəˈloʊfə/ NOO-koo-ə-LOH-fə, Tongan: [nukuʔaˈlofa]) is the capital and largest city of Tonga. It is located on the north coast of the island of Tongatapu, in the country's southernmost island group.
Shops at West Seneca
The Shops at West Seneca was a shopping mall south of Buffalo, New York, United States. Built in 1969 as an enclosed shopping mall called Seneca Mall, it is in the Town of West Seneca at the intersection of Ridge Road (Erie CR 137) and Slade Avenue (Erie CR 91) immediately east of the New York State Thruway (Interstate 90).

Tops Friendly Markets
Tops Friendly Markets is an American supermarket chain based in Amherst, New York, that operates stores in Upstate New York, Vermont, and Northern Pennsylvania. The chain operates full-scale supermarkets. Tops is a subsidiary of Northeast Grocery, which also owns the Price Chopper and Market 32 supermarkets based in Schenectady, New York. As of August 2025, the company operates 152 stores and 59 gas station/convenience stores. It formerly operated stores in Ohio and Massachusetts.