hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitalian (praetorian prefect)
Vitalianus or Anglicized into Vitalian  (died 238) was a Praetorian Prefect during the reign of the Roman Emperor Maximinus Thrax. He is mainly notable for being assassinated in the course of the revolt by the Roman Senate on behalf of Gordian I and Gordian II, a step deemed necessary due to the terror he apparently instilled in the people of Rome in Maximinus' own absence. According to the historian Herodian, Vitalianus was killed by a group of soldiers who gained an audience with him on the pretext of carrying secret messages concerning Maximinus.

Gordian II
Gordian II (Latin: Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus; c. 192 – April 238) was briefly Roman emperor in AD 238 with his father Gordian I during the Year of the Six Emperors. Seeking to overthrow Maximinus Thrax, he died in battle outside Carthage. Since he died before his father, Gordian II had the shortest recorded reign of any Roman emperor, at about 22 days.
Estacion Camet
Estacion Camet is a railway station and village some 5 km (3 mi) north of Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. The settlement is commonly referred to as Camet. Camet is on the Route 2, from Buenos Aires to Mar del Plata.

Camet is the head of the North Municipal District (Delegación Norte) of General Pueyrredón district, which includes the neighbourhoods of Santa Angela, 2 de Abril, Las Margaritas, El Sosiego, La Laura, Castagnino, El Tejado, El Casal, Zorzales, Mil Quinientas Quintas, Colonia Barragan and Astor Piazzolla International Airport.

According to the 2010 census, Estacion Camet has a population of 5,241 inhabitants.

General Pueyrredón Partido
General Pueyrredón Partido is a partido located on the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

The partido covers 1,453 km2 and has a population of 564,056 (2001 census [INDEC]), most of whom live in the large coastal resort of Mar del Plata.

The partido was created in 1879. The first mayor was Fortunato de la Plaza.
25C-NBF
25C-NBF (2C-C-NBF, NBF-2C-C) is a derivative of the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2C-C, which acts as a highly potent partial agonist for the human 5-HT2A receptor. It produces psychoplastogenic and rapid antidepressant-like effects in preclinical research.

2C-C
2C-C, also known as 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and 2C families. It is taken orally.

2C-C was first described in the scientific literature by Alice Cheng and Neal Castagnoli in 1984. It was described in greater detail by Alexander Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved). The drug is Schedule I of section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act in the United States, signed into law as of July 2012 under the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act.
MOPAC
MOPAC is a computational chemistry software package that implements a variety of semi-empirical quantum chemistry methods based on the neglect of diatomic differential overlap (NDDO) approximation and fit primarily for gas-phase thermochemistry. Modern versions of MOPAC support 83 elements of the periodic table (H-La, Lu-Bi as atoms, Ce-Yb as ionic sparkles) and have expanded functionality for solvated molecules, crystalline solids, and proteins.
MOPAC was originally developed in Michael Dewar's research group in the early 1980s and released as public domain software on the Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange in 1983. It became commercial software in 1993, developed and distributed by Fujitsu, and Stewart Computational Chemistry took over commercial development and distribution in 2007. In 2022, it was released as open-source software on GitHub.

AMPAC
AMPAC is a general-purpose semiempirical quantum chemistry program.  It is marketed by Semichem, Inc. and was developed originally by Michael Dewar and his group.

The first version of AMPAC (2.1) was made available in 1985 through the Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange (QCPE). Subsequent versions were released through the same source, representing minor updates and optimized versions for other platforms.

In 1992, Semichem, Inc. was formed at Professor Dewar's urging to maintain and market the program. AMPAC 4.0 with Graphical User Interface was released in August of that year. Semichem's current version of AMPAC is 10.

AMPAC current implements the SAM1, AM1, MNDO, MNDO/d, PM3, MNDOC MINDO/3, RM1 and PM6 semi-empirical methods and AMSOL and COSMO salvation models.
Wallhausen, Baden-Württemberg
Wallhausen (German pronunciation: [ˈvalˌhaʊzn̩]) is a municipality in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

It contained the village of Hengstfeld and its hamlets of Asbach, Roßbürg and Schönbronn, incorporated into Wallhausen on 1 July 1974.

Schwäbisch Hall (district)
Schwäbisch Hall ([ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈhal]) is a Landkreis (district) in the northeast of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Main-Tauber, the Bavarian district Ansbach, Ostalbkreis, Rems-Murr, and Hohenlohe.
Baldur's Gate: Enhanced Edition
Baldur's Gate: Enhanced Edition is a 2012 role-playing video game developed by Overhaul Games, a division of Beamdog, and published by Atari. It was released for Microsoft Windows on November 28, 2012, with additional releases between 2012 and 2014 for iPad, OS X, Android and Linux and most recently for Xbox One, PlayStation 4, and Nintendo Switch on October 15, 2019. It is a remaster of the 1998 game Baldur's Gate and its expansion, Baldur's Gate: Tales of the Sword Coast, retaining the original elements from both (story, in-game locations, gameplay and characters), while including additions, a separate arena adventure entitled The Black Pits, and a number of improvements some of which were imported from Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn.

An expansion was released for the remaster in March 2016, Baldur's Gate: Siege of Dragonspear, which focuses on the events following the conclusion of Baldur's Gate, that lead up to Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn.

Remaster
A remaster is a change in the sound or image quality of previously created forms of media, whether audiophonic, cinematic, or videographic. The resulting product is said to be remastered. The terms digital remastering and digitally remastered are also used.

In a wider sense, remastering a product may involve other, typically smaller inclusions or changes to the content itself. They tend to be distinguished from remakes, based on the original.
Septum spurium
During development of the heart, the orifice of the sinus venosus lies obliquely, and is guarded by two valves, the right and left venous valves; above the opening these unite with each other and are continuous with a fold named the septum spurium.

Sinus venosus
The sinus venosus is a large quadrangular cavity which precedes the atrium on the venous side of the chordate heart.

In mammals, the sinus venosus exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart where it is found between the two venae cavae; in the adult, the sinus venosus becomes incorporated into the wall of the right atrium to form a smooth part called the sinus venarum which is separated from the rest of the atrium by a ridge called the crista terminalis. In most mammals, the sinus venosus also forms the sinoatrial node and the coronary sinus.
Waldwic
Waldwic is a historic Carpenter Gothic plantation house and historic district located on the west side of Alabama Highway 69, south of Gallion, Alabama, United States.  Built as the main residence and headquarters of a forced-labor farm worked by enslaved people, Waldwic is included in the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission. The main house and plantation outbuildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 22, 1994.

Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission
The Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission is a multiple property submission of properties that were together listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  The multiple property submission covers plantation properties that are within the Alabama Canebrake. The National Park Service has determined that all are historically or architecturally significant as a surviving group of plantation structures in what was once one of the wealthiest areas of the state.
Bandar bin Muhammad Al Saud
Bandar bin Muhammad Al Saud (Arabic: بندر بن محمد بن عبد الرحمن آل سعود) (1924– 21 January 2020), was a Saudi prince and businessman. He was a son of Prince Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman, a grandson of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, Emir of Nejd, and a nephew of King Abdulaziz.

Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud
Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الرحمن آل سعود Muḥammad bin ʿAbd ar Raḥman Āl Suʿūd; c. 1877 – 25 July 1943) was an Arabian soldier and politician who played a role in the conquests of his half-brother Abdulaziz that led to the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Muhammad was the son of the last emir of Nejd, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, and Sara bint Jiluwi, both from the House of Saud. Muhammad was an early supporter of his half-brother, King Abdulaziz, but they had a falling-out after both attempted to place their sons in line for kingship. This conflict may have led to the death of Muhammad's son Khalid in 1938. Muhammad later became a virtual non-entity in Saudi politics and died in Riyadh in 1943.
Rihanna (book)
Rihanna (originally titled and alternatively known as Rihanna: The Last Girl on Earth) is a coffee table photo-book by Barbadian singer Rihanna and British artist Simon Henwood. Henwood envisioned the project as the depiction of a "journey", as it includes professional and candid photos by him, that show the singer's fourth studio album, Rated R's (2009) promotional campaign, alongside pictures from other live appearances. The publication features a preface written by French designer Alexandre Vauthier.

It was first issued in the United States as a hardcover edition including a CD, on October 15, 2010; also being released in paperback formats and a deluxe hardcover edition including a crystal monogrammed clamshell and a signed image print. To promote the book, Rihanna appeared at a Barnes & Noble store where she signed copies of it. Editors commented on the book positively, favoring Rihanna's looks and Henwood's photography.

Coffee table book
A coffee table book, also known as a cocktail table book, is an oversized, usually hard-covered book whose purpose is for display on a table intended for use in an area in which one entertains guests and which can serve to inspire conversation or pass the time. Subject matter is predominantly non-fiction and pictorial (a photo-book). Pages consist mainly of photographs and illustrations, accompanied by captions and small blocks of text, as opposed to long prose. Since they are aimed at anyone who might pick up the book for a light read, the analysis inside is often more basic and with less jargon than other books on the subject.
The Story Makers
The Story Makers is a British children's television programme that was broadcast on the BBC's pre-school digital television network, CBeebies. The Story Makers is set in a children's library, and encourages literacy and creativity.

CBeebies
CBeebies is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content targeted for children aged six years and under. Its sister channel, CBBC, is intended for older children aged six to twelve. It broadcasts every day from 6:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Four.
Vanaspati (raga)
Vanaspati (meaning the lord of the forest) is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 4th melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgams of Carnatic music, following the Katapayadi sankhya system. In the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music, this raga is called Bhānumati.

Melakarta
Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). Mēḷakartā ragas are parent ragas (hence known as janaka ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter usage is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta (take the raga Bhairavi, for example).

In Hindustani music the thaat is the rough equivalent of Melakartā. There are 10 thaats in Hindustani music, though the commonly accepted melakarta scheme has 72 ragas.
Idempotent measure
In mathematics, an idempotent measure on a metric group is a probability measure that equals its convolution with itself;  in other words, an idempotent measure is an idempotent element in the topological semigroup of probability measures on the given metric group.

Explicitly, given a metric group X and two probability measures μ and ν on X, the convolution μ ∗ ν of μ and ν is the measure given by

for any Borel subset A of X. (The equality of the two integrals follows from Fubini's theorem.)  With respect to the topology of weak convergence of measures, the operation of convolution makes the space of probability measures on X into a topological semigroup.  Thus, μ is said to be an idempotent measure if μ ∗ μ = μ.

It can be shown that the only idempotent probability measures on a complete, separable metric group are the normalized Haar measures of compact subgroups.

Haar measure
In mathematical analysis, the Haar measure assigns an "invariant volume" to subsets of locally compact topological groups, consequently defining an integral for functions on those groups.

This measure was introduced by Alfréd Haar in 1933, though its special case for Lie groups had been introduced by Adolf Hurwitz in 1897 under the name "invariant integral". Haar measures are used in many parts of analysis, number theory, group theory, representation theory, statistics, probability theory, and ergodic theory.
North Batemans Bay
North Batemans Bay is a suburb of Batemans Bay in Eurobodalla Shire, New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the north bank of the Clyde estuary, north of Batemans Bay and 285 km south of Sydney. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 794.

Eurobodalla Shire
Eurobodalla Shire is a local government area located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located in a largely mountainous coastal region and situated adjacent to the Tasman Sea, the Princes Highway and the Kings Highway.

The mayor of Eurobodalla Shire Council is Cr. Mathew Hatcher, an unaligned politician.

He is also the youngest mayor, in the modern-era, ever for the Eurobodalla. The Deputy Mayor, Cllr Alison Worthington, is the first female Deputy Mayor for the Eurobodalla.
HMS Spartan (1806)
HMS Spartan was a Royal Navy 38-gun fifth-rate frigate, launched at Rochester in 1806. During the Napoleonic Wars she was active in the Adriatic and in the Ionian Islands. She then moved to the American coast during the War of 1812, where she captured a number of small vessels, including a US Revenue Cutter and a privateer, the Dart. She then returned to the Mediterranean, where she remained for a few years. She went on to serve off the American coast again, and in the Caribbean, before being broken up in 1822.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Gaizinkalns Nature Park
Gaizinkalns Nature Park can be found in Latvia in Madona Municipality Vestienas, Aronas and Bērzaunes parishes, Natura 2000 territory. The territory of the park covers Vidzeme Uplands around Gaizinkalns, Lake Talejas  and Viešūrs ( Lake Kaķīša ), as well as several small lakes. Here is the highest place in Latvia - Gaizinkalns - 311.94 m.

Madona Municipality
Madona Municipality (Latvian: Madonas novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The administrative center is Madona.

The total area of the municipality is 2,153.4 square kilometres (831.4 sq mi), and the population in January 2013 was 26,953. Of these, economically active people were ~ 15,800 in Madona Municipality and 32,000 economically active people in the closest region.
Tristan McKee
Tristan McKee (born August 3, 2010) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time in the ARCA Menards Series and the ARCA Menards Series West, and full-time in the ARCA Menards Series East, driving the No. 77 Chevrolet SS for Pinnacle Racing Group. He last competed in the TA2 Trans Am Series class in the No. 28 Spire Motorsports/Gainbridge/SLR-M1 Chevrolet Camaro.

CARS Tour
The CARS Racing Tour sanctions a pair of late model stock car racing series in the United States: the zMAX CARS Tour (formerly known as the USAR Pro Cup Series and CARS Pro Cup Series) and the SPEARS CARS Tour West.  They are sanctioned by the Championship Auto Racing Series and sponsored by zMAX and SPEARS Manufacturing. The series competes on paved short tracks in Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Nevada, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.
Carl Fredriksens Transport
Carl Fredriksens Transport was the code name for an operation during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany to help Jews and other persecuted Norwegians escape persecution, deportation, and murder in death camps.

Jewish deportees from Norway during World War II
Prior to the deportation of individuals of Jewish background to the concentration camps there were at least 2,173 Jews in Norway. During the Nazi occupation of Norway 772 of these were arrested, detained, and/or deported, most of them sent to Auschwitz or other extermination camps where 742 were murdered. 23 died as a result of extrajudicial execution, murder, and suicide during the war. Between 28 and 34 of those deported survived their continued imprisonment (following their deportation). The Norwegian police and German authorities kept records of these victims, and so, researchers were able to compile information about the deportees.
Reformers for Democracy and Development
The Reformers for Democracy and Development (Greek: Μεταρρυθμιστές της Αριστεράς για τη Δημοκρατία και την Ανάπτυξη) was a Greek political movement founded on 21 October 2014 by Spyros Lykoudis, who, at the time was a State Deputy and a member of the Democratic Left (a Greek political party). The movement became independent from the party on 19 September 2014.

The foundation of the movement was announced on 21 October 2014 at an event held at the Benaki Museum. On 29 November 2014, the first nationwide congregation of the movement was held in the auditorium of the radio station "Athens 9.84" in Technopolis of Athens and welcomed, among others, Greek personages such as John Ragkousis, Pantelis Kapsis, Vassilis Oikonomou and Nikos Mouzelis. A Panhellenic Council was also elected on the day.

Democratic Left (Greece)
Democratic Left (Greek: Δημοκρατική Αριστερά (ΔΗΜ.ΑΡ.), Dimokratiki Aristera, DIMAR) was a social-democratic political party in Greece. Formed as a split from Synaspismós, DIMAR was a minor party supporting the Samaras cabinet from 21 June 2012 to 21 June 2013. After being a member of the Democratic Alignment (DISI) and the Movement for Change (KINAL), it affiliated to Syriza in  2019. The party was dissolved in 2022.
Steven Callahan
Steven Callahan (born February 6, 1952) is an American author, naval architect, inventor, and sailor. In 1981, he survived for 76 days adrift on the Atlantic Ocean in a liferaft. Callahan recounted his ordeal in the best-selling book Adrift: Seventy-six Days Lost at Sea (1986), which was on The New York Times best-seller list for more than 36 weeks.

Castaway
A castaway is a person who is cast adrift or ashore. While the situation usually happens after a shipwreck, some people voluntarily stay behind on a desert island, either to evade captors or the world in general. A person may also be left ashore as punishment (marooned).

The provisions and resources available to castaways may allow them to live on the island until other people arrive to take them off the island. However, such rescue missions may never happen if the person is not known to still be alive, if the fact that they are missing is unknown, or if the island is not mapped. These scenarios have given rise to the plots of numerous stories in the form of novels and film.
Izuhakone 1100 series
The Izuhakone 1100 series (伊豆箱根1100系) was an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Izuhakone Railway on its Sunzu Line in Japan from 1989 until 2012.

The 1100 series was converted from former Seibu 701 series EMUs.

The last remaining set, 1009, was withdrawn from service in June 2012.

Izuhakone Railway Sunzu Line
The Izuhakone Railway Sunzu Line (伊豆箱根鉄道駿豆線, Izuhakone Tetsudō Sunzu-sen) is a commuter railway line of the Izuhakone Railway, a private railroad in Japan. The line connects Mishima Station in the city of Mishima with Shuzenji Station in the city of Izu, both within Shizuoka Prefecture. The name "Sunzu" comes from the former provinces of Suruga and Izu, although the line at present operates only within the borders of former Izu Province.
Bongo people (South Sudan)
The Bongo are a Central Sudanic speaking ethnic group, living at the eastern side of the Albert Nile River in northwestern Uganda and in neighbouring South Sudan in small, scattered settlements south and east of Wau. They speak the Bongo language, one of the Bongo-Baka languages. In the early 1990s, their number was estimated at 200.000 people, with 40% Muslims. Unlike the Dinka and other Nilotic ethnic groups, the Bongo are not a cattle herding people and do not use cows for bride price. Subsistence farming and hunting is the primary source of food, though money is obtained by working in forestry, building, selling honey, and other various means. Before imported metalwork became available, they were known for their traditional production of iron tools.

Since the 1970s, large size wooden Bongo funerary sculptures of male figures have been collected in Europe and described as important examples of African tribal art.

E. E. Evans-Pritchard
Sir Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard FBA FRAI (21 September 1902 – 11 September 1973) was an English anthropologist who was instrumental in the development of social anthropology. He was Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of Oxford from 1946 to 1970.
Brothers (Ola song)
"Brothers" is the second song released by Swedish singer Ola Svensson. Although the song was promoted as a charity song, it is dedicated partly to Ola's two brothers originally from El Salvador, Jonas and Daniel, who are his elders and were adopted by the Svenssons before Ola was born. The lyrics deal in part with his relationship with his older brothers with the official music video carrying footage of their childhood together. The song was included on his debut album Given to Fly and, following the success of his first single "Rain", managed to peak at number four on the Swedish Singles Chart.

Rain (Anthony Callea song)
"Rain" is the second song released by Australian Idol series two runner-up Anthony Callea. The song appears on his self-titled debut album, Anthony Callea (2005). It was released as a double A-side with his recording of Simon & Garfunkel's song "Bridge over Troubled Water", which he performed on Australian Idol.

The CD single for the song was released as a three-track standard version with the B-side "Don't Tell Me". It was also available for a short time as a limited edition collector's 2CD tri-gatefold set with a second B-side, "Wanna Be the One". Upon the song's release on 14 March 2005, "Rain" / "Bridge over Troubled Water" became Callea's second number-one single on the Australian Singles Chart