hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jai Hind (newspaper)
Jai Hind is a newspaper published daily in Gujarati from Rajkot, Gujarat, India and owned by Jai Hind Publications.

It is circulated in Rajkot, Ahmedabad, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Porbandar, Bhavnagar, Amreli, Surendranagar and Kutch regions of Gujarat, India. N. L. Shah (Babubhai or Babulal) was the founder of Jai Hind. It was the first daily Gujarati newspaper to be published from Rajkot.

Jai Hind was founded in 1948 in Rajkot, and an Ahmedabad edition began in 1962. It is the first newspaper in Gujarati to have introduced modern printing technology and speedy distribution system of the newspaper. It was also the first daily newspaper in Gujarat to have simultaneous editions from two centers.

Rajkot
Rajkot (Hindi: [ˈraːdʒkoːʈ] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in the western Indian state of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad, Surat, and Vadodara. It is in the centre of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Rajkot is the 35th-largest metropolitan area in India, with a population of more than 2 million as of 2021. Rajkot is the 6th cleanest city of India, and it is the 22nd fastest-growing city in the world as of March  2021. It is located on the banks of the Aji and Nyari rivers. Rajkot was the capital of the Saurashtra State from 15 April 1948 to 31 October 1956, before its merger with Bombay State on 1 November 1956. Rajkot was reincorporated into Gujarat State on 1 May 1960.
Tivadar Zemplényi
Tivadar Zemplényi (1864, Eperjes – 1917, Budapest) was a Hungarian painter, noted for his realism. A medalist at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair, he also exhibited at the 1900 Exposition Universelle, as well as the Venice Biennales of 1901, 1905, and 1909.

Louisiana Purchase Exposition
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the St. Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904. Local, state, and federal funds totaling $15 million (equivalent to $538 million in 2025) were used to finance the event. More than 60 countries and 43 of the then-45 American states maintained exhibition spaces at the fair, which was attended by nearly 19.7 million people.

Historians generally emphasize the prominence of the themes of race and imperialism, and the fair's long-lasting impact on intellectuals in the fields of history, architecture, and anthropology. From the point of view of the memory of the average person who attended the fair, it primarily promoted entertainment, consumer goods, and popular culture. The monumental Greco-Roman architecture of this and other fairs of the era did much to influence permanent new buildings and master plans of major cities.
Pancake breakfast
A pancake breakfast is a public meal attached to many festivals, religious celebrations, and community events which involves volunteers cooking large quantities of pancakes and other hot breakfast foods for the general public, often for free or for a nominal charge if the event is a fundraiser.

Throughout Christendom, the tradition of pancake breakfasts is carried out on Shrove Tuesday, the last day of Shrovetide and the day preceding the start of the somber season of Lent, as many Christians give up fatty foods as their Lenten sacrifice.

The tradition is especially noted in Western Canada, where it is associated with the region's cattle ranching history.

This mainly Canadian tradition appears to be related to the tradition in the neighboring United States in which various groups use pancake breakfasts as a means to raise funds for schools and charities.

Lenten sacrifice
A Lenten sacrifice is a spiritual practice where Christians, particularly Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans, Methodists, Moravians and the United Protestants voluntarily renounce a pleasure or luxury during the observance of Lent, which begins on Ash Wednesday. The tradition of Lent has its roots in Jesus Christ praying and fasting for forty days in the desert according to the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. When Lent is over and Easter Sunday arrives, the faithful are able to indulge in what they sacrificed during the Lenten season.
Nitrosyl perchlorate
Nitrosyl perchlorate or nitrosonium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the formula NO(ClO4). A hygroscopic white solid, it is the salt of the nitrosonium cation with the perchlorate anion. It is an oxidant and strong electrophile, but has fallen out of use with the availability of the closely related salt nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate NO(BF4).

Nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate
Nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, also called nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NOBF4. This colourless solid is used in organic synthesis as a nitrosating agent, diazotizing agent and a mild oxidant.

NOBF4 is the nitrosonium salt of fluoroboric acid, and is composed of a nitrosonium cation, [NO]+, and a tetrafluoroborate anion, [BF4]−.
Google Mobile Services
Google Mobile Services (GMS) is a collection of proprietary applications and application programming interfaces (APIs) services from Google that are typically pre-installed on the majority of Android devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and smart TVs. GMS is not a part of the Android Open Source Project (AOSP), which means an Android manufacturer needs to obtain a license from Google in order to legally pre-install GMS on an Android device. This license is provided by Google without any licensing fees except in the EU.

GrapheneOS
GrapheneOS is a free and open-source, privacy and security focused, Android-based operating system for Google Pixel smartphones, tablets and foldable devices. GrapheneOS is built on the Android Open Source Project. It focuses on researching and improving the privacy and security of Android. GrapheneOS is developed by the GrapheneOS Foundation, a Canadian nonprofit corporation.
1978 Bossier City tornado outbreak
The 1978 Bossier City tornado outbreak was an outbreak of 11 tornadoes that occurred during the early morning hours of December 3, 1978, in Louisiana and Arkansas. The outbreak produced several significant (F2–F5) tornadoes, several of which were long tracked. The first and most destructive of the tornadoes was a violent F4 tornado touched down on the eastern bank of the Red River in Bossier City, Louisiana, at approximately 1:50 a.m. CST. The tornado produced a path up to .5 miles (0.8 km) wide and nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) long through the heart of Bossier City. The only two deaths to occur in Bossier City were two young girls who were killed when a car was thrown through their bedroom wall. The Bossier City tornado became the fifth tornado in American history to produce at least $100 million (non-adjusted) in damage.

Bossier City, Louisiana
Bossier City (/ˈboʊʒər/ BOH-zhər) is a city in Bossier Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 62,701 at the 2020 census. Located on the eastern bank of the Red River, Bossier City is closely tied economically and socially to its sister city, Shreveport, on the western bank. It is the second-most populous city in the Shreveport–Bossier City metropolitan area. The parish operates its own community college, Bossier Parish Community College.
Detling Hill
Detling Hill is a hill forming part of the North Downs in Kent, north-east of Maidstone, and is situated in the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The typical southern escarpment of the North Downs is found here, and produces dramatic views over the Low Weald. The North Downs Way passes along the hill just south of the summit.

The area around the summit has recently become the White Horse Wood, where over 20,000 trees (oak, ash, silver birch, wild cherry and crab apple) have been planted, and five hectares have been seeded to create an area of open grassland. The trig point has been made the centrepiece of a view-finder; the highest point is a few hundred metres away to the north-west.

Nearby are located the remains of the medieval Thurnham Castle, as well as traces of an Iron Age settlement. The name, taken from the village of Detling that sit at the foot of the hill, derives from Old English and means "hill at the settlement of the family of a man called Dyttel".

Thurnham Castle
Thurnham Castle or Godard's Castle is situated to the north of the village of Thurnham which is 3 miles north-east of Maidstone, Kent (grid reference TQ 808 582).

It is a 12th-century flint-built castle constructed by Robert of Thurnham in the reign of Henry II on a hill on the edge of the North Downs.  One side of the bailey wall still stands 10 foot high and originally it enclosed an area of about a quarter of an acre.

In the 12th century, the site belonged to the de Say family and then the Thurnhams.

The site has been acquired by Kent County Council and included in the White Horse Wood and Country Park Project. Much of the site has been cleared of undergrowth and public access has been provided.
American football in Israel
American football is a sport played at the amateur and international competition levels in Israel. The Israel Football League (IFL) is the highest level of competition in Israel, although there are multiple flag football leagues, a high school league and a youth league. All forms of American football in Israel are governed by American Football in Israel (IFL). As of February 2017, there are 1,350 active football players living in Israel.

American Football in Israel (organization)
American Football in Israel (AFI) is the governing body of all American football activities in Israel, including the Israel Football League and various flag football leagues, and is a member of the International Federation of American Football.
The Commonage
The Commonage is a heritage-listed cottage at 69A Dragon Street, Warwick, Southern Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1870. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Warwick, Queensland
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a rural town and locality in southeast Queensland, Australia, lying 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-west of Brisbane. It is the administrative centre of the Southern Downs Region local government area. The surrounding Darling Downs have fostered a strong agricultural industry for which Warwick, together with the larger city of Toowoomba, serve as convenient service centres. In the 2021 census, the locality of Warwick had a population of 12,294 people.
Emory-Meadowview, Virginia
Emory-Meadowview was a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,266 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Kingsport–Bristol (TN)–Bristol (VA) Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region. As of the 2010 census it was split into Emory and Meadow View CDPs.

Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol metropolitan area
The Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol metropolitan area is a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Northeast Tennessee and Southwest Virginia, United States, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It was formed in December 2003 by the merger of the Bristol, VA MSA, and Kingsport–Bristol, TN–VA MSA. It is a component of the Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 298,494 (though a July 1, 2009, estimate placed the population at 305,629).
1929 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1929 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the third series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. One match was played on 17 March 1929 to decide the title. It was contested by Leinster and Munster. Connacht were struck out of the tournament.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 17 March 1929, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 5-03 to 3-01 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. This was their second title over all and their second title in succession.

Munster's Connie Keane was the Railway Cup top scorer with 3-01.

1928 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1928 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the second series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Two matches were played between 12 February and 17 March 1928. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster and Munster.

Leinster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 17 March 1928, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 2-02 to 1-02 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. This was their first Railway Cup title.
Calothecinae
Calothecineae is a subtribe of grasses in the tribe Poeae. It includes nine genera.

Boldrinia L.N.Silva

Calotheca Desv.

Chascolytrum Desv.

Condilorachia P.M.Peterson, Romasch. & Soreng

Erianthecium Parodi

Lombardochloa Roseng. & B.R.Arrill.

Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo

Poidium Nees

Rhombolytrum Link

Rosengurttia L.N.Silva

Rosengurttia
Rosengurttia is a genus of grasses. It includes a single species, Rosengurttia monandra, a perennial native to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northwestern Argentina, and southern Brazil. It is used for medicine.
Merry Christmas (Daniel Johnston album)
Merry Christmas  is the tenth self-released music cassette album by singer-songwriter Daniel Johnston, recorded in 1988. The back of the cover features a typed message from Daniel: "Thanks to everyone who's helped in the past year, especially those who have bought and played my album.  Thanks again."

Continued Story with Texas Instruments
Continued Story is the ninth self-released album by Daniel Johnston, released on cassette tape in 1985. The album includes a cover of the Beatles song "I Saw Her Standing There". It was released on CD in 1991 by Homestead Records and re-released in 2003 on a dual-album CD, along with the 1983 album Hi, How Are You, by Johnston's own label, Eternal Yip Eye Music.
Upton Lovell
Upton Lovell is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It lies on the A36, in the Wylye valley about 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Warminster. The parish is on the left (northeast) bank of the river, and stretches for over two miles northeast onto Salisbury Plain.

Warminster
Warminster (/ˈwɔːrmɪnstər/) is a historic market town and civil parish in south-west Wiltshire, England, on the western edge of Salisbury Plain. The parish had a population of 18,173 in 2021.

The name Warminster occurs first in the early 10th century and the Minster Church of St Denys was begun in the 11th century. The High Street and Market Place have many fine buildings including the Athenaeum Centre, the Town Hall, St Lawrence Chapel, The Old Bell and a variety of independent shops. Several Army establishments, known collectively as the Warminster Garrison, are on the edges of the town.
93rd Minnesota Legislature
The Ninety-third Minnesota Legislature was the meeting of the legislative branch of the state of Minnesota, composed of the Minnesota Senate and the Minnesota House of Representatives between 2023 and 2024. It convened in Saint Paul on January 3, 2023 and adjourned sine die on May 20, 2024.

Indian Child Welfare Act
The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 (ICWA, enacted November 8, 1978 and codified at 25 U.S.C. §§ 1901–1963) is a United States federal law that governs jurisdiction over the removal of American Indian children from their families in custody, foster care, and adoption cases.

ICWA acknowledges tribal governments' exclusive jurisdiction over children who reside on or are domiciled on a reservation, or are existing wards of a Tribal court. It gives concurrent, but presumptive jurisdiction over foster care placement proceedings for Native American children who do not live on the reservation. It was enacted to respond to the disproportionate removal of Indigenous children from Tribal communities and the resulting threat to the survival of Native American culture.
Basis path testing
In software engineering, basis path testing, or structured testing, is a white box method for designing test cases. The method analyzes the control-flow graph of a program to find a set of linearly independent paths of execution. The method normally uses McCabe cyclomatic complexity to determine the number of  linearly independent paths and then generates test cases for each path thus obtained. Basis path testing guarantees complete branch coverage (all edges of the control-flow graph), but achieves that without covering all possible paths of the control-flow graph –  the latter is usually too costly. Basis path testing has been widely used and studied.

Test case (software)
In software engineering, a test case is a specification of the inputs, execution conditions, testing procedure, and expected results that define a single test to be executed to achieve a particular software testing objective, such as to exercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requirement. Test cases underlie testing that is methodical rather than haphazard. A battery of test cases can be built to produce the desired coverage of the software being tested. Formally defined test cases allow the same tests to be run repeatedly against successive versions of the software, allowing for effective and consistent regression testing.
Star City High School
Star City High School is a comprehensive public high school for students in grades 9 through 12 located in Star City, Arkansas, United States. Star City High School is the only public high school in Lincoln County and the only high school of the Star City School District.

It serves Star City and Grady as well as multiple unincorporated areas.

Arkansas Department of Education
The Arkansas Department of Education (ADE) is a cabinet-level agency of the Arkansas state government overseeing public education for K-12, higher education institutions, and career and technical education.

The ADE also contains the Arkansas State Library, the Arkansas School for the Deaf, Arkansas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired, and the Arkansas Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission.
2010 Cactus Pheasant Classic
The 2010 Cactus Pheasant Classic was held October 28–31 in Brooks, Alberta, Canada. It was the only event taking place in Week 8 of the Men's World Curling Tour for the 2010-11 curling season. The total purse for the event was $70,000 Canadian dollars (CAD). The event format was a 24-team triple knockout, with eight teams qualifying into a single-elimination playoff round to determine the champion. The winner, was to qualify for the 2010 Canada Cup of Curling, but the winning rink (Kevin Martin) had already qualified.

Brooks, Alberta
Brooks is a city in southeast Alberta, Canada in the County of Newell. It is on Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) and the Canadian Pacific Kansas City railway, approximately 186 km (116 mi) southeast of Calgary, and 110 km (68 mi) northwest of Medicine Hat. The city has an elevation of 760 m (2,490 ft).
Kaduna State University
Kaduna State University is located in Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria. It was established in 2004. It has sixteen faculties with over 50 departments. The school has two main campuses in Kafanchan and Kaduna City.

Faculty (division)
A faculty or academic division is an academic and administrative unit within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In North America, academic divisions are sometimes titled colleges, schools, or departments, with universities occasionally using a mixture of terminology, e.g., Harvard University has a Faculty of Arts and Sciences and a Law School.
History of the Sitcom
History of the Sitcom is an eight-part CNN documentary television series that traces the development of the American situation comedy show from the 1950s to the 21st Century. The show features 184 interviews with creatives, actors and directors including Norman Lear, Mel Brooks, Yvette Lee Bowser, Marta Kauffman, and Carl Reiner (in his last recorded interview). The series follows a similar format of the CNN Original Series The History of Comedy.

The series takes an expansive view of what can be considered a sitcom; it includes traditional programs shot with multiple cameras in front of a live audience like I Love Lucy as well as modern single camera programs like Fleabag. The decision about which programs to include, according to series producer Bill Carter, came down to: "If the overarching purpose of the show is to make you laugh, it can be considered a sitcom. And in almost all cases, the shows are half-hours rather than hours."

The Bernie Mac Show
The Bernie Mac Show (often shortened to Bernie Mac in syndication and promos) is  an American sitcom television series created by Larry Wilmore, that aired on Fox for five seasons from November 14, 2001, to April 14, 2006. The series featured Bernie Mac and his wife Wanda raising his sister's three kids: Jordan, Vanessa, and Bryana.
Martin Škrtel
Martin Škrtel (born 15 December 1984) is a Slovak former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. He currently serves as sporting director of Slovak club FC Spartak Trnava.

Škrtel played for FK AS Trenčín and Zenit Saint Petersburg, before joining Liverpool for £6.5 million in January 2008. After eight and a half years with Liverpool, where he played 320 competitive games and scored 18 goals, he joined Fenerbahçe. He has won the Russian Premier League and the League Cup, as well as being named Slovak Footballer of the Year four times.

Škrtel made his international debut for Slovakia in 2004 and earned a total of 104 caps, making him the third most-capped player of his country at the time of his retirement in 2019, behind Marek Hamšík and Miroslav Karhan. He also retired as Slovakia's 10th best international scorer with 6 goals. Škrtel represented the country as they reached the last 16 at both the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2016.

2021–22 Slovak Cup
The 2021–22 Slovak Cup was the 53rd edition of the competition.

Slovan Bratislava were the defending champions, defeating Žilina in the 2021 final.

Slovan Bratislava managed to advance to the final again, but were defeated by their rivals Spartak Trnava.

Spartak Trnava earned automatic qualification for the UEFA Europa Conference League second qualifying round.
Hasan Şaş
Hasan Gökhan Şaş (Turkish pronunciation: [hasan ʃaʃ]; born 1 August 1976) is a Turkish football coach and former player, who played as a winger.

He is known for his time at Galatasaray and for his performance with the Turkey national team at the FIFA World Cup 2002, where he was voted into the All-Star Team. During both assignments, he played as a winger. He was suspended from football for six months in 1998 after doping testing returned a positive result for the banned substance Phenylpropanolamine.

2000 UEFA Super Cup
The 2000 UEFA Super Cup was a football match played on 25 August 2000 between Real Madrid of Spain and Galatasaray of Turkey. Real Madrid qualified by beating Valencia in the 2000 UEFA Champions League Final, while Galatasaray had made it to the Super Cup after beating Arsenal in the 2000 UEFA Cup Final. Galatasaray won the match 2–1, both goals scored by Mário Jardel, the latter a golden goal.

This was the first Super Cup contested by the winners of the UEFA Cup (now the UEFA Europa League). Until 1999, it was contested by the winners of the UEFA Champions League and the winners of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, but the Cup Winners' Cup was discontinued after the 1998–99 season.