hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constellation Software
Constellation Software is a Canadian diversified software company.  It is based in Toronto, Canada, is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange, and is a constituent of the S&P/TSX 60.

The company was founded by Mark Leonard, a former venture capitalist, in 1995.  It went public in 2006, and now has over 64,000 employees spread over six operating segments.

Toronto Stock Exchange
The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX; French: Bourse de Toronto) is a stock exchange located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the 10th largest exchange in the world and the third largest in North America by market capitalization. Based in the EY Tower in Toronto's Financial District, the TSX is a wholly owned subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities.
Amalie Louise of Courland
Duchess Amalie Louise of Courland (23 July 1687 – 18 January 1750), German: Amalia Luise Herzogin von Kurland, official titles: Herzogin in Livland, zu Kurland und Semgallen, Fürstin zu Pilten, was a duchess from the House of Kettler and through marriage Fürstin of Nassau-Siegen. She was regent of the Principality of Nassau-Siegen (part of the County of Nassau) for her stepson Frederick William II in the period 1722–1727.

Widow
A widow (female) or widower (male) is a person whose spouse has died and who has not remarried. The male form, "widower", is first attested in the 14th century, by the 19th century supplanting "widow" with reference to men. The adjective for either sex is widowed. These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.

The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed widowhood. The term widowhood can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word widowerhood is also listed in some dictionaries. An archaic term for a widow is "relict", literally "someone left over"; this word can sometimes be found on older gravestones. Occasionally, the word viduity is used.
Central College Presbyterian Church
Central College Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church building in Westerville, Ohio.

The Romanesque style building was started in 1870 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Westerville, Ohio
Westerville is a city in Franklin and Delaware counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. A northeastern suburb of Columbus, its population was 39,190 at the 2020 census. The city is home to Otterbein University. It was once known as the "Dry Capital of the World" for its strict laws prohibiting sales of alcohol and for being the home of the Anti-Saloon League, one of the driving forces behind the Prohibition era at the beginning of the 20th century.
Rocky Mountain Mixed Doubles Classic
The Rocky Mountain Mixed Doubles Classic (RMMDC), formerly the Qualico Mixed Doubles Classic, is an annual mixed doubles curling event held in Banff and Canmore Alberta, Canada. The bonspiel is held in a round-robin format with a $30,000 purse. The event attracts top curlers from around the world. The event was previously called the Qualico Mixed Doubles Classic (QMDC).

Banff, Alberta
Banff is a resort town in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in Alberta's Rockies along the Trans-Canada Highway, 126 km (78 mi) west of Calgary, 58 km (36 mi) east of Lake Louise, and 1,400 to 1,630 m (4,590 to 5,350 ft) above sea level.

Banff was the first municipality to incorporate within a Canadian national park. The town is a member of the Calgary Regional Partnership.

Banff is one of Canada's most popular tourist destinations. Known for its mountainous surroundings and hot springs, it is a destination for outdoor sports and hiking, biking, scrambling and skiing. Sunshine Village, Ski Norquay and Lake Louise Ski Resort are nearby ski resorts within the national park.
1915–16 Campeonato Regional Centro
The 1915–16 Campeonato Regional Centro (English: 1915–16 Madrid Championship) was the 13th staging of the Regional Championship of Madrid, formed to designate the champion of the region and the qualifier for 1916 Copa del Rey.

Campeonato Regional Centro
The Campeonato Regional Centro (Spanish for Central Regional Championship) was an annual association football competition for clubs based primarily in the Castile region of Spain, including the Community of Madrid, during the first half of the 20th century. The competition was organised by the  Madrid Football Federation and first held in 1903 as the Campeonato de Madrid (Madrid Championship) and renamed as the Campeonato Regional de Madrid (Madrid Regional Championship) for the 1906–1913 seasons. The Royal Spanish Football Federation, founded on 29 September 1913, began organising the competition from 1913. It was called the Campeonato Regional Centro between 1913 and 1931, the Campeonato Regional Mancomunado (Joint Championship) from 1932 to 1936, and the Campeonato Regional del Centro (Regional Championship of the Centre) during its final season in 1939–40.
Ebenezer Allen (Texas politician)
Ebenezer C. Allen (April 8, 1804 – 1863) was a Texian and American businessman who served as a secretary of state and attorney general of the Republic of Texas. He was also the attorney general of the State of Texas. He was an early Texas railroad promoter.

Texas Attorney General
The Texas attorney general is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of Texas. The current officeholder, Republican Ken Paxton, has served in the position since January 5, 2015. He joined the office on September 18, 2023 and his current term ends on January 1, 2027.
Fort de Barchon
50°40′22.0″N 5°41′27.9″E﻿ / ﻿50.672778°N 5.691083°E﻿ / 50.672778; 5.691083

The Fort de Barchon (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ də baʁʃɔ̃]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt. Fort de Barchon was built between 1881 and 1884 according to the plans of General Henri Alexis Brialmont. Contrasting with the French forts built in the same era by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, the fort was built exclusively of unreinforced concrete, a new material, rather than masonry. The fort was heavily bombarded by German artillery in the Battle of Liège. Barchon was upgraded in the 1930s in an attempt to forestall or slow an attack from Germany.  It saw action in 1940 during the Battle of Belgium, and was captured by German forces. It is preserved as a museum and may be visited by the public.

5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt
The 5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt "Canon de caponnière" was a fortress gun and infantry gun developed during the 1880s in Britain which was sold to Belgium and later produced under license by the Cockerill company.  It saw action during World War I in both Belgian and German hands.
Darvazeh Shemiran Metro Station
Darvazeh Shemiran Metro Station is the junction of Tehran Metro Line 2 and Tehran Metro Line 4. It is located in junction of Baharestan Street and Mazandaran Street and Namjou Street nad Sepah Street. It is between Imam Hossein Metro Station and Baharestan Metro Station in Line 2 and Meydan-e Shohada Metro Station and Darvazeh Dowlat Metro Station in Line 4.

Tehran Metro Line 4
Line 4 is one of several lines of the Tehran Metro. The line is 26 km (16 mi) with 20 main stations, 3 stations along a domestic airport-serving branch line and a terminal (depôt).

Its section 1, from Ferdowsi Square to Darvazeh Shemiran, opened in April 2008. Section 2 from Darvazeh shemiran to Shohada Square opened in February 2009. Three months later Section 3 from Ferdowsi Square to Engelab Square opened. On July 23, 2012 two more stations were inaugurated, connecting line 4 with line 5.

Currently 20 stations serve Line 4's trunk line, plus two more on the branch line serving the country's most-used Domestic Airport, Mehrabad Airport.
White Rose Hamburgers
White Rose Hamburgers (also known as White Rose System and White Rose Diner) started as a diner franchise located in Highland Park, New Jersey, with a second location in Linden, New Jersey and a third location in Roselle, New Jersey.

Highland Park, New Jersey
Highland Park is a borough in Middlesex County, in the central region of the U.S. state of New Jersey, in the New York City metropolitan area. The borough is located on the northern banks of the Raritan River, in the Raritan Valley region. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 15,072, an increase of 1,090 (+7.8%) from the 2010 census count of 13,982, which in turn had reflected a decline of 17 (−0.1%) from the 13,999 counted at the 2000 census.

Highland Park was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 15, 1905, when it broke away from what was then known as Raritan Township (present-day Edison). The borough was named for its location above the Raritan River.
Prunus kuramica
Prunus kuramica is a species of wild almond native to Afghanistan and mainly Pakistan. It is a dense shrub or tree 1 to 5 m tall, with purplish-red hypanthia and sepals, and white or pink petals. It prefers to grow in xeric woodlands with Quercus and Juniper species, typically in rocky ravines at 1800 to 2850 m above sea level. A genetic study showed that is closely related to Prunus bucharica, P. webbii and P. kotschyi, and a full genetic and morphological analysis shows that its closest relative is Prunus bucharica.

Prunus webbii
Prunus webbii is a species of Prunus found growing around the Mediterranean Sea, from Sicily, through Greece, Crete and the Aegean Islands, the Balkans and Anatolia, and possibly as far as Iraq or Iran. It is also found in certain areas of Spain and Northern Africa. A dense spiny shrub or small tree with extremely bitter seeds, it is thought to have contributed with some genes to the domesticated almond Prunus dulcis, although the extent of the contribution is debated and not yet fully understood.
Train of Many Metals
The Train of Many Metals (also referred to as TOMM) is one of the New York Transit Museum's nostalgia trains used for B Division excursions. The name refers to most of the cars that were preserved being constructed from steel, and in reference to the Train of Many Colors.

The train made its first run in August 2014, when some of the cars were used on an excursion to The Rockaways as part of celebrating the restoration of service on the IND Rockaway Line. In general, cars may be used to commemorate a special occasion.

Some of the cars are housed in the New York Transit Museum when not used for excursions. Others are stored at the 207th Street Yard.

Train of Many Colors
The Train of Many Colors (sometimes abbreviated as TOMC) is one of the New York Transit Museum's nostalgia trains used for A Division excursions, which is made up of cars that were formerly used on Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) lines. The name comes from the fact that the cars are painted in many varying schemes from different eras.

During the 2004 Subway Centennial, some of the cars were used for regular service on the 42nd Street Shuttle route. In addition, the cars may be used to commemorate a special occasion (e.g. the opening of Citi Field in Queens).

Some of the cars are housed in the New York Transit Museum when not used for excursions (R12, R15, R17, and R33S). Others are stored at the 207th Street Yard.

The Train of Many Colors was used as the holiday train in 2022 running from Chambers Street to 137th Street–City College.
Mausoleum of Helena
The Mausoleum of Helena is an ancient building in Rome, Italy, located  on the Via Casilina, corresponding to the 3rd mile of the ancient Via Labicana. It was built by the Roman emperor Constantine I between 326 and 330, originally as a tomb for himself, as indicated by his sarcophagus found there, but later assigned to his mother Helena who died in 330.

Access to the mausoleum and the catacombs is to the west of the church of Santi Marcellino e Pietro ad Duas Lauros.

Via Casilina
The Via Casilina is a medieval road in Latium and Campania. It led from Rome to Casilinum (present-day Capua), to present-day Santa Maria Capua Vetere.

It was created from the fusion of two ancient Roman roads, the Via Latina and the Via Labicana. The Via Labicana led from Rome to Labicum, while the Via Latina ended at Capua.

In the Middle Ages, Capua was depopulated and the main settlement shifted to Casilinum, formerly a mere fluvial port. This is also the location of the modern town of Capua. As a consequence, the union of the Via Latina and of the Via Labicana took on the new namesake of Via Casilina. This usage also survives for the modern road, while Via Latina is not used anymore.
Rhododendron goodenoughii
Rhododendron goodenoughii is a rhododendron species native to Papua New Guinea, particularly Goodenough Island where it grows at altitudes of 800–1,500 m (2,600–4,900 ft). It is a shrub or small tree that grows to 2 m (6.6 ft) in height, with leaves that are broadly elliptic, 10 × 6 cm in size. The flowers are trumpet-shaped, white, and fragrant.

This species does not tolerate freezing temperatures, so must be grown with protection in temperate zones.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron (/ˌroʊdəˈdɛndrən/; pl.: rhododendra), from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon), meaning "rose", and δένδρον (déndron), meaning "tree", is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan region, but smaller numbers occur elsewhere in Asia, and in North America, Europe and Australia.

It is the national flower of Nepal, the state flower of Washington and West Virginia in the United States, the state flower of Nagaland and Himachal Pradesh in India, the provincial flower of Jeju Province in South Korea, the provincial flower of Jiangxi in China and the state tree of Sikkim and Uttarakhand in India. Most species have brightly coloured flowers which bloom from late winter through to early summer.

Azaleas make up two subgenera of Rhododendron. They are distinguished from "true" rhododendrons by having only five anthers per flower.
Vinyl neodecanoate
Vinyl neodecanoate (trade name VeoVa 10) is a vinylic monomer that is virtually always used in combination with other monomers to create latices or emulsion polymers. The trade name is an acronym of Vinyl ester of Versatic Acid with the number 10 meaning 10 carbons in the molecule. It has a medium to low glass transition temperature of -3 °C. Chemically, it is a mixture of isomeric vinyl esters of neodecanoic acid.

Vinyl group
In organic chemistry, a vinyl group (abbr. Vi; IUPAC name: ethenyl group) is a functional group with the formula −CH=CH2.  It is the ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) molecule (H2C=CH2) with one fewer hydrogen atom.  The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R−CH=CH2 where R is any other group of atoms.

An industrially important example is vinyl chloride, precursor to PVC, a plastic commonly known as vinyl.

Vinyl is one of the alkenyl functional groups. On a carbon skeleton, sp2-hybridized carbons or positions are often called vinylic. Allyls, acrylates and styrenics contain vinyl groups. (A styrenic crosslinker with two vinyl groups is called divinyl benzene.)
2022 Winton SuperSprint
The 2022 Winton SuperSprint (known for commercial purpose as the 2022 Pizza Hut Winton SuperSprint) was a motor racing event held as a part of the 2022 Supercars Championship from Saturday 21 May to Sunday 22 May 2022. The event was held at the Winton Motor Raceway in Benalla, Victoria. It was the fifth round of the 2022 Supercars Championship and consisted of three races of 108.000 kilometres each.

2022 Supercars Championship
The 2022 Supercars Championship (known for commercial reasons as the 2022 Repco Supercars Championship) was a motor racing series for Supercars. It was the twenty-fourth running of the Supercars Championship and the twenty-sixth series in which Supercars have contested the Australian Touring Car Championship, the premier title in Australian motorsport.

Shane van Gisbergen successfully defended the Drivers' Championship, claiming his third title. In a display of dominance throughout the season, he broke the record for the most wins in a single season with 21 wins, eclipsing Scott McLaughlin's record of 18 wins in 2019. Triple Eight Race Engineering (racing as Red Bull Ampol Racing) successfully defended the Teams' Championship. Holden won its final Manufacturers' Championship at The Bend SuperSprint.
Nevada State Route 266
State Route 266 (SR 266) is a 40.338-mile (64.918 km) state highway in Esmeralda County, Nevada, United States. It connects the routing of California State Route 266 east to U.S. Route 95 (US 95) via the town of Lida. Lida Road previously carried the southern end of State Route 3.

U.S. Route 95 in Nevada
U.S. Route 95 (US 95) is a major U.S. highway traversing the U.S. state of Nevada from north to south directly through Las Vegas and providing connections to both Carson City (via US 50 in Silver Springs, Nevada area only) and Reno (via Interstate 80 in Fernley, Nevada only or U.S. 95A north to U.S. 50 west to I-580/U.S. 395 north in Carson City, Nevada area only). US 95 is cosigned with Interstate 80 for 95 miles (153 km) between Winnemucca and a junction 32 miles north of Fallon before heading north into Oregon at McDermitt. At 646.71 miles (1,040.78 km), it is the longest highway in Nevada.

Along much of its course through Nevada, US 95 has signs designating it as the Veterans Memorial Highway. A portion of the route in Las Vegas northwest of downtown is also called the Oran K. Gragson Freeway, named for Las Vegas mayor Oran K. Gragson who advocated for construction of that portion of freeway in the 1960s.
Chief data officer
A Chief Data Officer (CDO) is a corporate officer responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information as an asset, via data processing, analysis, data mining, information trading and other means. CDOs usually report to the chief executive officer (CEO), although depending on the area of expertise this can vary. The CDO is a member of the executive management team and manager of enterprise-wide data processing and data mining.

Recently, countries like Canada, Estonia, France, Spain and the United States have established this position of Chief Data Officer. There are ongoing efforts advocating for this role to be more prevalent within government structures to oversee the data strategy and ecosystem of the respective nations.

Data processing
Data processing is the collection and manipulation of digital data to produce meaningful information. Data processing is a form of information processing, which is the modification (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer.
Omberg
Omberg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɔ̌mːbærj]) is a forested mountain in western Östergötland County in Sweden. Administratively it is split between the municipalities of Ödeshög in the south and Vadstena in the north. It lies between Lake Vättern and Lake Tåkern. Alvastra Abbey lies at its foot.

Geologically Omberg is a horst, a fault-bounded and uplifted block of bedrock. The western cliff of Omberg has been indicated as an ättestupa in folk history.

Horst (geology)
In physical geography and geology, a horst is a raised fault block bounded by normal faults. Horsts are typically found together with grabens. While a horst is lifted or remains stationary, the grabens on either side subside. This is often caused by extensional forces pulling apart the crust. Horsts may represent features such as plateaus, mountains, or ridges on either side of a valley. Horsts can range in size from small fault blocks up to large regions of stable continent that have not been folded or warped by tectonic forces.

The word Horst, apart from being a common name, in general German refers to an "eagle's nest". The actual older meaning is "(wooded) hill top", "mass" or "heap", basically anything elevated. The term, as used in "Bergmannssprache", the special "language" of miners, was first adopted in the geological sense in 1883 by Eduard Suess in The Face of the Earth.
F Street Bridge (Salida, Colorado)
The F Street Bridge in Salida, Colorado is a closed spandrel concrete arch bridge built in 1907 by the Pueblo Bridge Company.  The design also known as a Luten Arch bridge was patented in 1907 by Daniel Luten. The bridge has two spans each with length of 60 feet (18 m), and 128 feet (39 m) in total.  It is believed to be the first bridge of this type built by the company.

It spans the Arkansas River in a park setting.

Luten arch
A Luten arch is a patented concrete arch design for bridges, designed by Daniel B. Luten, of Indianapolis.: 3   Luten was awarded more than 30 patents for his improvements of the Luten arch design.: 141

The Luten arch improves upon preceding concrete arch designs by strategic use of reinforcement where needed to address tension of load upon the bridge.  This enables bridges to be considerably lighter.

The Luten Bridge Company was one seller of the designs.  The Topeka Bridge & Iron Co. was a western seller of the designs.: 3

According to Luten, by 1919 he had designed more than 17,000 Luten arch bridges, and there were examples in all but three US states.: 142
Tanner Reif
Tanner Richard Reif (born September 9, 2005) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the Trans-Am CUBE 3 Architecture TA2 Series, driving the No. 75 Chevrolet SS for Silver Hare Racing. He has previously competed in the ARCA Menards Series, the ARCA Menards Series East, and the ARCA Menards Series West, where he finished second in the points standings in 2022.

SRL Southwest Tour
The StockCar Racing League is a late model stock car racing league operating since 2001. The series is a continuation of the Tri-Track Challenge run in California between 1997 and 2000. The series is also connected to the former Supermodified Racing League, previously headed by Davey Hamilton. Through the years the series expanded its racing calendar as well as racing series adding spec late model series and Legends car racing.
Umid gas field
Umid gas field (Azerbaijani: Ümid qaz yatağı) is the second largest natural gas field in Azerbaijan. It is situated in the South Caspian Sea, off the coast of Azerbaijan, approximately 75 kilometres (47 mi) southeast of Baku, at a depth of 170 metres (560 ft). In translation from Azerbaijani, Umid means Hope.

Nobel Energy
Nobel Energy (official name Nobel Energy Management LLC, formerly Nobel Oil Services Ltd) is a group of companies concentrated in the energy industry providing integrated engineering, construction, procurement and supply chain management, and drilling services. Nobel Energy is a part of NEQSOL Holding, an international group of companies, acting in energy, telecommunications, high-technology, and construction industries in the UK, the USA, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and the UAE.