hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hau Tsz Kok Pai
Hau Tsz Kok Pai (Chinese: 孝子角排; lit. 'dutiful son Kok Pai') is a reef of Hong Kong, under the administration of Tai Po District. It is located off the western shore of Tap Mun, in Long Harbour (大灘海), in the north-east of the New Territories.

Tap Mun
Grass Island or Tap Mun is an island in Hong Kong, located in the northeastern part of the territory. Its area is 1.69 km2 (0.65 sq mi). Administratively, it is part of the Tai Po District. There are about 100 people living on the island, and feral cattle are known on the island.
Cantitruncated 24-cell honeycomb
In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the cantitruncated 24-cell honeycomb is a uniform space-filling honeycomb. It can be seen as a cantitruncation of the regular 24-cell honeycomb, containing truncated tesseract, cantitruncated 24-cell, and tetrahedral prism cells.

Honeycomb (geometry)
In geometry, a honeycomb is a space filling or close packing of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions. Its dimension can be clarified as n-honeycomb for a honeycomb of n-dimensional space.

Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic honeycombs.  Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.
Brig Bahnhofplatz railway station
Brig Bahnhofplatz railway station (German: Bahnhof Brig Bahnhofplatz) is a railway station in the municipality of Brig-Glis, in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is the meeting point of two 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway lines of the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn, the BVZ Zermatt-Bahn and the Furka Oberalp Railway. Services at the station include the famed Glacier Express. The station is physically adjacent to the standard gauge Brig railway station, served by BLS AG and Swiss Federal Railways.

Brig-Glis
Brig, officially Brig-Glis (French: Brigue-Glis; Italian: Briga-Glis), is a historic town and municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The current municipality was formed in 1972 through the merger of Brig (city), Brigerbad and Glis.

Together with other Alpine towns, Brig-Glis engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Brig-Glis was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2008.

The official language of Brig is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Panarchism (political philosophy)
Panarchism is a political philosophy that envisions the coexistence of multiple political systems within the same geographic area, allowing individuals to freely choose the government under which they wish to live—or to remain unaffiliated with any government at all. The concept extends the principle of freedom of association to the realm of political governance, proposing that states compete for citizens in much the same way businesses compete for consumers.

Voluntaryism
Voluntaryism (UK: /ˈvɒləntəriɪzəm/, US: /-tɛr-/; sometimes voluntarism /ˈvɒləntərɪzəm/) is used to describe the philosophy of Auberon Herbert, and later that of the authors and supporters of The Voluntaryist magazine, which supports a voluntary-funded state (i.e. "the Voluntary State"), meaning a lack of coercion and force in matters such as taxation.

This is conventionally completed through a strict adherence to pacifism, civil rights, and either arbitration or some other mutually-agreed-upon court system between individuals.

As a term, voluntaryism was coined in this usage by Auberon Herbert in the 19th century and gained renewed use since the late 20th century, especially within libertarianism in the United States. Voluntaryist principal beliefs stem from the idea of natural rights, equality, non-coercion, and non-aggression. Despite his association with 20th century anarcho-capitalism, Herbert rejected the idea of anarchy, hence its support for the state to enforce the law.
Peter Criss (2025 album)
Peter Criss is the sixth solo studio album by former Kiss drummer Peter Criss. The album is his first studio album since 2007's One for All and his second self-titled album following his debut solo album in 1978. Criss announced the album in April 2025, revealing an all-star lineup including John 5, Piggy D, Mike McLaughlin, Billy Sheehan, and Paul Shaffer. On October 31, 2025, Criss announced a release date of December 19, 2025, which was one day before his 80th birthday.

Peter Criss (1978 album)
Peter Criss is the debut solo studio album by Peter Criss, the drummer of American rock band Kiss. It was one of four solo albums released by the members of Kiss on September 18, 1978, but yet under the Kiss label, coming out alongside Ace Frehley, Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley. The album was produced by Vini Poncia, who went on to produce Dynasty (1979) and Unmasked (1980) for Kiss.
Joseph Dempsey
Joseph Francis Dempsey (October 12, 1875 – August 7, 1942) was an American rower who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He was a member of the American boat team that won the gold medal in the men's eight.

Leander Club
Leander Club, founded in 1818, is one of the oldest rowing clubs in the world, and the oldest non-academic club. It is based in Remenham in Berkshire, England and adjoins Henley-on-Thames. Only three other surviving clubs were founded prior to Leander: Brasenose College Boat Club and Jesus College Boat Club (the two competing in a Head race in 1815) and Westminster School Boat Club, founded in 1813.
Extra (Australian TV program)
Extra (originally Brisbane Extra) was a nightly tabloid local current affairs program, broadcast on Nine Network Queensland. Heather Foord was the last host of the program. A weekend version also aired on a Saturday afternoon named Weekend Extra hosted by Melissa Downes.

Nine News
Nine News (stylised as 9News) is a national news service on the Nine Network in Australia. Its flagship program is an hour-long bulletin at 6:00 pm, with editions produced by Nine's owned-and-operated stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth. A half-hour news program for the Gold Coast also airs every weeknight before the 6:00pm news. National bulletins air throughout the day and evening, broadcast from Nine's headquarters in Sydney.

Until the mid-2000s, Nine News was positioned as the highest-rated news service in Australia, but it was overtaken by rival news service Seven News in 2005 before regaining the top position in 2013.
Massachusetts's 4th congressional district
Massachusetts's 4th congressional district is located mostly in southern Massachusetts. It is represented by Democrat Jake Auchincloss. Auchincloss was first elected in 2020.

The district covers much of the area included in the 10th district before the 1992 redistricting. In prior years, the district stretched from Brookline to Fitchburg. The shape of the district underwent some changes effective from the elections of 2012, after Massachusetts congressional redistricting to reflect the 2010 census. Most of Plymouth County and the South Coast are included in the new 9th district. The new 4th district has expanded westward to include towns along the Rhode Island border that had been in the old 3rd district.

For a very brief time (1793–95) it represented part of the District of Maine.

Massachusetts's 10th congressional district
Massachusetts's 10th congressional district is an obsolete district that was active during 1795–2013. It was first located in the District of Maine during 1795–1803, then located in several different areas of Massachusetts. It was most recently eliminated in 2013 as district lines were redrawn to accommodate the loss of the seat due to reapportionment as a result of the 2010 census.

At the time the district was eliminated, it included parts of the South Shore and all of the Cape and Islands. Effective with the 2012 House elections, most of the former district was placed in the 9th district, with some northern portions placed in the 8th district.

Notable persons elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from the 10th congressional district include James Michael Curley, four-time Mayor of Boston, and John F. Fitzgerald, maternal grandfather of John F. Kennedy.
Internal consistency of the Bible
Disputes regarding the internal consistency and textual integrity of the Bible have a long history.

Classic texts that discuss questions of inconsistency from a critical secular perspective include the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus by Baruch Spinoza, the Dictionnaire philosophique of Voltaire, the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot and The Age of Reason by Thomas Paine.

Bart D. Ehrman
Bart Denton Ehrman (born October 5, 1955) is an American New Testament scholar whose research focuses on the textual criticism of the New Testament, the historical Jesus, and the origins and development of early Christianity. He is the James A. Gray Distinguished Professor of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is the author or editor of more than 30 books, including six New York Times bestsellers, and has created nine lecture series with The Great Courses. Ehrman also runs a membership blog whose proceeds support charities that address hunger and homelessness. As of March 2025, the blog had reportedly raised more than $3 million.
Texas State Highway 138
State Highway 138 (SH 138) is a state highway that runs between U.S. Highway 183 and SH 195 across northern Williamson County, Texas. The highway was originally part of SH 195. When SH 195 was redirected north of Florence to Killeen over RM 440 on January 27, 1988, this portion was redesignated as SH 138.

U.S. Route 183 in Texas
U.S. Route 183 (US 183) is a north-south U.S. highway that begins in Texas in Refugio at an intersection with US 77 (Future I-69E) concurrent with US 77 Alt. The highway runs through many small communities with Austin being the only major city along its route.  The highway exits Texas concurrent with US 70, crossing into Oklahoma.
St. Charles Apartments
St. Charles Apartments is a historic apartment building in Lincoln, Nebraska. It was built in 1923-1924 by William Henry Seng, and designed in the Classical Revival style. Seng owned the building until 1938, and he died in 1958. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since September 12, 1985.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Lancaster County, Nebraska
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lancaster County, Nebraska.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Lancaster County, Nebraska, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 109 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 2 National Historic Landmarks. Another 6 properties were once listed but have been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 19, 2025.
Triangles of the neck
The triangles of the neck describe the divisions created by the major muscles in the region.

The side of the neck presents a somewhat quadrilateral outline, limited, above, by the lower border of the body of the mandible, and an imaginary line extending from the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process; below, by the upper border of the clavicle; in front, by the middle line of the neck; behind, by the anterior margin of the trapezius.

This space is subdivided into two large triangles by sternocleidomastoid, which passes obliquely across the neck, from the sternum and clavicle below, to the mastoid process and occipital bone above.

The triangular space in front of this muscle is called the anterior triangle of the neck; and that behind it, the posterior triangle of the neck.

The anterior triangle is further divided into muscular, carotid, submandibular and submental and the posterior into occipital and subclavian triangles.

Sternocleidomastoid muscle
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles. The primary actions of the muscle are rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck. The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by the accessory nerve.
Nokia Lumia 1320
The Nokia Lumia 1320 smartphone is a phablet smartphone in the Lumia series developed by Nokia that runs the Windows Phone 8, now Windows Phone 8.1 operating system. It was announced at the Nokia World event on October 22, 2013. It was released in Asia in the first quarter of 2014, including the India release in January 2014. It has 6-inch (150 mm) ClearBlack IPS LCD, making it the biggest display for Windows phones along with the Nokia Lumia 1520.

It was discontinued with the introduction of the Microsoft Lumia 640 XL, its successor, in April 2015.

Phablet
The term phablet (/ˈfæblət/, /-lɪt/) arose in the early 2010s to describe mobile devices combining or straddling the size formats of smartphones and tablets. The word is a blend word or portmanteau of phone and tablet.

By the late 2010s, the term had largely fallen into disuse, especially as phone sizes grew, in some case to the size of a small tablet, up to 180 mm (7.1 in), with wider aspect ratios.
Ian Goldberg
Ian Avrum Goldberg (born March 31, 1973) is a cryptographer and cypherpunk. He is best known for breaking Netscape's implementation of SSL (with David Wagner), and for his role as chief scientist of Radialpoint (formerly Zero Knowledge Systems), a Canadian software company. Goldberg is currently a professor at the Faculty of Mathematics of the David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science within the University of Waterloo, and the Canada Research Chair in Privacy Enhancing Technologies. He was formerly Tor Project board of directors chairman, and is one of the designers of off the record messaging.

Information privacy
Information privacy, also known as data privacy or data protection, is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them.

Various types of personal information often come under privacy concerns. Privacy concerns exist wherever personally identifiable information or other sensitive information is collected, stored, used, and finally destroyed or deleted – in digital form or otherwise. Improper or non-existent disclosure control can be the root cause for privacy issues. Informed consent mechanisms including privacy policies and dynamic consent are important in communicating to data subjects the different uses of their personally identifiable information.
Guryongpo
Guryongpo is a town, or eup in Nam-gu, Pohang, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. The township Changju-myeon was upgraded to the town Guryongpo-eup in 1942. Guryongpo Town Office is located in Hudong-ri. One of the local culinary specialties of Guryongpo is gwamegi a partially dried fish.

Pohang
Pohang (Korean: 포항; Korean pronunciation: [pʰo.ɦaŋ]), formerly spelled Po-Hang, is the largest city in  North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, with a population of 499,363 as of 2022, bordering the East Sea to the east, Yeongcheon to the west, Gyeongju to the south, and Cheongsong and Yeongdeok County to the north.

The city has food, textile, and metal industries. Agricultural products such as grapes, persimmons and garlic chives are abundant, and the city's proximity to the East Sea has led to the development of a fishing industry. Hagfish is a local specialty.

The South Korean Marine Corps 1st Division is stationed in Pohang, and their Education and Training Command is located there as well.

Tourist attractions include the Jukdo Fish Market, where fresh seafood is sold, as well as the Yeongildae Beach, Wolpo Beach, and Pohang Songdo Beach. Naejangsan Mountain divides Pohang and Yeongdeok and has twelve waterfalls.
Sudan at the Africa Cup of Nations
Sudan is one of the first countries to participate in the Africa Cup of Nations, and was also the first host country, when Sudan hosted it in 1957. During 1950s to 1970s, Sudan was one of Africa's best teams, and had won the tournament in the 1970 also held at home just after Gaafar Nimeiry's coup, with its greatest striker being Mustafa Azhari Alawad. However, after 1970, with Mustafa's retirement, the Sudanese team began to suffer a long decline and Sudan would lose status as a major African power to the hand of other African teams. Overall, Sudan had to wait for 32 years after qualifying to the 1976 Africa Cup of Nations to make its return in the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations, where it finished bottom with three straight 0–3 losses. Sudan would soon manage its best performance up to date in 2012 Africa Cup of Nations, reaching the quarter-finals in modern era, before suffers tremendous crisis that continue to hinder the growth of Sudanese football.

Sudan national football team
The Sudan national football team (Arabic: مُنْتَخَب السُّودَان الْوَطَنِيّ لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم, romanized: muntaḵab as-sūdān al-waṭaniyy likurratu l-qadam) represents Sudan in international football and is controlled by the Sudan Football Association, the governing body for football in Sudan. Its home ground is Khartoum Stadium in the capital Khartoum. In 1957, it was one of the three teams to participate in the inaugural Africa Cup of Nations, the other two being Egypt and Ethiopia.

Sudan is one of the oldest teams in Africa and won the 1970 Africa Cup of Nations as hosts.
Hypolocrian mode
The Hypolocrian mode is an almost entirely theoretical mode, introduced into chant theory in the 19th century by the editors of the Pustet-Ratisbon, Mechlin, and Rheims-Cambrai Office-Books, who designated it mode 12. It is the plagal counterpart to the authentic Locrian mode, mode 11 in that system of numbering, in which the Ionian and Hypoionian become modes 13 and 14. The ambitus of the mode lies between F and the F an octave higher, divided at the final, B. Its reciting tone (or tenor), is E, and its mediant is D. It has two participants, G and C. Although a few plainchant melodies, as well as polyphonic compositions, have been attributed to this mode by some writers, it will generally be found that they are really derived, by transposition, from some other tonality.

Hypoionian mode
The Hypoionian mode, literally meaning "below Ionian", is the name assigned by Henricus Glareanus in his Dodecachordon (1547) to the plagal mode on C, which uses the diatonic octave species from G to the G an octave higher, divided at its final, C. This is roughly the same as playing all the white notes of a piano from G to G: G A B C | (C) D E F G.

Glarean regarded compositions with F as the final and a one-flat signature as transpositions of the Ionian or Hypoionian mode (depending on the ambitus). Most of his contemporaries, however, appear to have continued considering such compositions as being in the fifth and sixth modes (Lydian and Hypolydian), which had been regarded since the beginnings of medieval modal theory as preferring B♭ over B♮ for the fourth degree above the final, F.
2023 Open de Oeiras II
The 2023 Open de Oeiras II was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Oeiras, Portugal between 15 and 20 May 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Al-Furqan
Al-Furqan (Arabic: اَلْفُرْقَانْ, al-furqān; meaning: The Criterion) is the 25th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an, with 77 verses (āyāt). The name Al-Furqan, or "The Criterion", refers to the Qur'an itself as the decisive factor between good and evil. This Surah is named Al-Furqan from the 4th word in the 1st ayat.

The chapter emphasizes (verses 68–70) that there is no sin, however great, that cannot be forgiven if sincerely repented, showing faith and working with righteous deeds.

Al-Furqan refers to the Torah within the contents of the surah, saying "We sent Moses the Book, and appointed his brother Aaron with him as minister" (Sura 25, verse 35), but it does not address the Torah as al-Furqan itself.

Shirk (Islam)
Shirk (Arabic: شِرْك, lit. 'association') in Islam is a sin often roughly translated as 'idolatry' or 'polytheism', but more accurately meaning 'association [with God]'. It refers to accepting other divinities or powers alongside God as associates. In contrast, Islam teaches that God does not share divine attributes with anyone, as it is disallowed according to the Islamic doctrine of tawhid. The Quran, the central religious text of Islam, states in 4:48 that God will not forgive shirk if one dies without repenting of it.

The one who commits shirk is called a mushrik. The opposite of shirk is tawhid and the opposite of mushrik is muwahhid.
Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002
Turkey was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 with the song "Leylaklar Soldu Kalbinde", written by Samih Hodara, Figen Çakmak, and Fani Hodara, and performed by Buket Bengisu and Group Safir. The Turkish participating broadcaster, the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), selected its entry through a national final.

Seven artists and song competed in a televised national final on 15 February 2002 where the winner, "Leylaklar Soldu Kalbinde" performed by Buket Bengisu and Group Safir was selected by a ten-member jury panel.

Turkey competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 25 May 2002. Performing during the show in position 19, Turkey placed sixteenth out of the 24 participating countries, scoring 29 points.

Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 2001
Turkey was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2001 with the song "Sevgiliye Son", composed by Semih Güneri, with lyrics by Figen Çakmak and Nurdan Güneri, and performed by Sedat Yüce. The Turkish participating broadcaster, the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), selected its entry through a national final.
Vedran Runje
Vedran Runje (Croatian pronunciation: [ʋědran rǔːɲe]; born 10 February 1976) is a Croatian retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper. A product of Hajduk Split academy, Runje spent the majority of his career abroad with Standard Liège in Belgium, Marseille and Lens in France and Beşiktaş in Turkey. With Standard, he won three Belgian League Goalkeeper of the Year awards.

Runje was also capped 22 times for Croatia national team and was part of the tournament squad at the UEFA Euro 2008.

Trophées UNFP du football
The Trophées UNFP du football are a number of awards given annually by the Union Nationale des Footballeurs Professionnels (UNFP) to players playing in France's Ligue 1, Ligue 2, and Division 1 Féminine, as well as to managers and referees. The most prestigious award is the Ligue 1 Player of the Year. Created in 1988 under the name Oscars du football, they were renamed in 2004 after a complaint by the Academy Awards committee. The ceremony has been broadcast live on Canal+ since 1994.
Nughedu San Nicolò
Nughedu San Nicolò (Sardinian: Nughedu Santu Nigola) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 180 kilometres (112 miles) northwest of Cagliari and about 50 kilometres (31 miles) southeast of Sassari.

Nughedu San Nicolò borders the following municipalities: Anela, Bono, Bonorva, Bultei, Ittireddu, Ozieri, Pattada.

Bonorva
Bonorva (Sardinian: Bonòlva) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) north of Cagliari and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Sassari.