hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Governorate of Cuba
Since the 16th century the island of Cuba had been under the control of the governor-captain general of Santo Domingo. The conquest of Cuba was organized in 1510 by the recently restored Viceroy of the Indies, Diego Colón, under the command of Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, who became Cuba's first governor until his death in 1524.

Velázquez founded the city of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Baracoa in 1511 and convoked a general cabildo (a local government council) to govern Cuba, which was authorized by Ferdinand II of Aragon.

Cuba was elevated into the Captaincy General of Cuba in 1607.

Baracoa
Baracoa, whose full original name is Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Baracoa ('Our Lady of the Assumption of Baracoa'), is a municipality and city in Guantánamo Province near the eastern tip of Cuba. The area was visited by Admiral Christopher Columbus on November 27, 1492, and a settlement founded by the first governor of Cuba, the Spanish conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar on August 15, 1511. It is the oldest Spanish settlement in Cuba and was its first capital (the basis for its nickname Ciudad Primada, 'First City').
Embassy of the United Kingdom, Madrid
The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Madrid is the chief diplomatic mission of the United Kingdom in Spain. Since 2009 the embassy has been located in the Torre Espacio skyscraper in the Cuatro Torres Business Area. The current British Ambassador to Spain is Sir Alex Ellis.

Cuatro Torres Business Area
The Cuatro Torres Business Area (CTBA), also known as the Área de Negocios de las Cuatro Torres (Spanish for "Four Towers Business Area"), is a business district located in the Paseo de la Castellana in Madrid, Spain, on the former Ciudad Deportiva of Real Madrid. The area contains the four tallest skyscrapers in Spain, and four of the ten tallest in the European Union: the Torre Emperador, Torre de Cristal, Torre PwC and Torre Cepsa. Construction of the buildings finished in 2008.

Since the site was initially developed, a fifth tower, Caleido, was completed in 2021.
History of San Francisco (Refregier)
In 1941, Anton Refregier won the $26,000 commission for the series History of San Francisco, which are a set of 27 murals painted in the lobby of the Rincon Annex Post Office in San Francisco, California. Refregier painted the mural with casein tempera on white gesso over plaster walls, in the social realism style. Work was interrupted by World War II and restarted in 1946; the murals were completed in 1948.

In 1953, U.S. Representative Hubert B. Scudder opened a Congressional hearing to determine whether the murals should be removed for themes "inconsistent with American ideals and principles"; the often contentious proceedings concluded with their retention. The building is now part of Rincon Center, remodeled as shops and residences after the Post Office left in 1979, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places that year. The Rincon Center lobby is publicly accessible, and regular guided tours of the murals are provided by volunteers.

Golden Gate International Exposition
The Golden Gate International Exposition (GGIE) was a World's Fair held at Treasure Island in San Francisco, California, U.S. The exposition operated from February 18, 1939, through October 29, 1939, and from May 25, 1940, through September 29, 1940; it drew 17 million visitors to Treasure Island. Among other things, it celebrated the city's two newly built bridges: the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge.
Beggarstown
Philadelphia portal

Beggarstown or Bettelhausen was a small community that was located in the present day neighborhood of Mount Airy in Northwest Philadelphia in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.  It centered primarily along a stretch of relatively flat land along Germantown Avenue roughly between Upsal Street and Gorgas Lane.

Northwest Philadelphia
Northwest Philadelphia is a section of the city of Philadelphia. The official boundary is Stenton Avenue to the north, the Schuylkill River to the southwest, Northwestern Avenue to the northwest, Roosevelt Boulevard to the south, and Wister Street and Stenton Avenue to the east. Conventionally, the area east of Wissahickon Creek, which comprises Germantown, Mount Airy, Chestnut Hill, and Cedarbrook, is termed the 'Upper Northwest', and the area west of the creek, which comprises Roxborough, Wissahickon, East Falls, and Manayunk, is termed the 'Lower Northwest'. The area of Philadelphia west of the Schuylkill River is known as West Philadelphia. The Philadelphia Police Department patrols two districts located within Northwest Philadelphia. The two patrol districts serving Northwest Philadelphia are the 5th and 14th districts.
Himawari 9
Himawari 9 (ひまわり9号, Himawari Kyū-gō) is a Japanese weather satellite, the 9th of the Himawari geostationary weather satellite operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The spacecraft was constructed by Mitsubishi Electric, and is the second of two similar satellites to be based on the DS-2000 bus.

Himawari (satellites)
The Himawari (ひまわり; 'sunflower') geostationary satellites, operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), support weather forecasting, tropical cyclone tracking, and meteorology research. Most meteorological agencies in East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand use the satellites for their own weather monitoring and forecasting operations.

Originally also named Geostationary Meteorological Satellites (GMS), since the launch of GMS-1 (Himawari 1) in 1977, there have been three generations, including GMS, MTSAT, and Himawari 8/9; Himawari 8/9 satellites are currently available for operational use.
Liberty Lifter
The Liberty Lifter was a U.S. military Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) project, launched in mid-2022, to develop a low-cost seaplane that uses the ground effect to travel long distances.

Like the Soviet-era ekranoplan design the A-90 Orlyonok, the Liberty Lifter aircraft was expected to operate in moderate to rough sea states, and be able to fly out of ground effect.

A-90 Orlyonok
The A-90 Orlyonok (Russian: Орлёнок, lit. 'Eaglet') is a Soviet ekranoplan that was designed by Rostislav Evgenievich Alexeyev of the Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau.

The A-90 uses ground effect to fly a few meters above the surface. The Russians classify it as Ekranoplan Class B – it can achieve an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft), placing it between Class A – which is limited to ground effect, and Class C, which exploits the ground effect only during take-offs and landings and otherwise functions as a typical airplane.
Gulf Isou
Gulf Isou Rugby League Club is a semi-professional rugby league club from the Gulf Province of Papua New Guinea. They made their debut in the 2018 season of the Papua New Guinea National Rugby League competition. Their sponsors include Petroleum Resources Kutubu and Mayur Resources.

Papua New Guinea National Rugby League
The Papua New Guinea National Rugby League Competition (or the PNGNRL for short, for sponsorship reasons the PNGNRL Digicel-ExxonMobil Cup) is a semi-professional rugby league competition held annually in Papua New Guinea. Changes in sponsorship have meant it was Formerly known as the SP Inter-City Cup or SP Cup (1990–2008) and later the Bemobile Cup (2009–2010). The current competition is sponsored by pacific telecommunications giant Digicel and new co-naming rights sponsor ExxonMobil (one of the world's largest publicly traded oil and gas companies) which joined in 2023 and so it is currently called the Digicel-ExxonMobil Cup.
Samaritans Radar
Samaritans Radar was a Twitter-based service created by the digital advertising agency Jam for the British emotional support charity Samaritans. It was intended as a way to inform users when their Twitter contacts were potentially in need of emotional support. The app scanned Twitter for key phrases such as "help me", "hate myself", mentions of being depressed or needing someone to talk to and then sent an email to that user's friends. Samaritans suspended the Radar service  following widespread criticism and a petition asking the charity to discontinue the service.

Samaritans noted as justification for building the app that there is a link between posting suicidal messages on social media services and committing suicide, and that social media services are used predominantly by younger people.

Samaritans (charity)
Samaritans is a registered charity aimed at providing emotional support to anyone in emotional distress, struggling to cope or at risk of suicide throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland, often through its telephone helpline. Its name derives from the biblical parable of the Good Samaritan, although the organisation itself is not religious.

Its international network exists under the name Befrienders Worldwide, which is part of the Volunteer Emotional Support Helplines (VESH) with Lifeline International and the International Federation of Telephone Emergency Services (IFOTES).
Vita Annonis Minor
The Vita Annonis Minor is a hagiography of Saint Anno (archbishop of Cologne), No. 509 in the  Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina (BHL). The only extant mediaeval manuscript is in the Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt under reference Hs. 945.

Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina
The Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina (BHL) is a catalogue of Latin hagiographic materials, including ancient literary works on the saints' lives, the translations of their relics, and their miracles, arranged alphabetically by saint.  The listings include manuscripts, incipits, and printed editions.  The first edition (1898-1901) and supplement (1911) were edited by the Bollandists, which included the Jesuit scholar Hippolyte Delehaye.  The most recent supplement is the product of a single editor, the Polish Jesuit Henryk Fros, also Bollandist.

The Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca and Bibliotheca Hagiographica Orientalis catalogue hagiography, respectively, written in Greek and Middle Eastern languages.
André Shepherd
André Shepherd is a U.S. Army Specialist and deserter who applied for asylum in Germany on November 26, 2008. He is the first Iraq War veteran to pursue refugee status in Europe and only the second U.S. soldier to ever apply for refugee status in Germany.

Military Counseling Network
The Military Counseling Network (MCN) is a non-profit GI Rights organization dedicated to being a free source of information to U.S military members concerning military regulations and discharges, with an emphasis on working with those members who are looking to apply for a conscientious objection discharge. The Network is a project of the German Mennonite Peace Committee (Deutsches Mennonitisches Friedenskomitee, DMFK) and is located in Bammental, Germany, in the DMFK offices. MCN is part of the GI Rights Network.

MCN exists as a source of information concerning a wide range of regulations and discharges, such as conscientious objection, medical, and hardship to U.S military members stationed in Europe. Counselors do not provide legal advice, but can assist callers in finding lawyers in their area who can give them appropriate advice.
Grimsbury Reservoir
Grimsbury Reservoir is a relatively small reservoir owned by Thames Water just off Hennef Way, near the Grimsbury estate of Banbury, Oxfordshire.

A waterworks was built prior to 1947  and was expanded in the early 1960s, when Grimsbury Reservoir was built.

The reservoir is surrounded by a nature reserve and is fed by the River Cherwell, the water itself includes many species of wildlife and the site includes parking facilities and other amenities. It is often used for water sports such as sailing and kayaking clubs as well as angling. The average depth is 8 ft (2.4 m).

Grimsbury
Grimsbury is a largely residential area which forms the eastern part of Banbury, in the Cherwell district, in the county of, Oxfordshire, England. It is situated east of the River Cherwell, the Oxford Canal and the Cherwell Valley Line railway.

Grimsbury includes Banbury railway station, Banbury United F.C.'s ground, and the town's Royal Mail sorting offices, which were built on the site of the former Banbury Merton Street railway station.
Calotes maria
Calotes maria, also called commonly the Khasi Hills forest lizard and the Assam garden lizard, is a species of lizard in the subfamily Draconinae of the family Agamidae. The species is native to South Asia.

Agamidae
Agamidae is a family containing 582 species in 64 genera of iguanian lizards indigenous to Africa, Asia, Australia, and a few locations in Southern Europe. Many species are commonly called dragons or dragon lizards.
The Eye of Argon
The Eye of Argon is a 1970 sword and sorcery fantasy novelette by Jim Theis (1953–2002) that narrates the adventures of the barbarian Grignr. It has been notorious within the science fiction and fantasy fandoms since its publication, described variously as "one of the genre's most beloved pieces of appalling prose," the "infamous 'worst fantasy novel [sic] ever' published for fans' enjoyment," and "the apotheosis of bad writing". Science fiction conventions have long held group readings of the work in which participants are challenged to read it aloud for extended periods without laughing.

David Langford
David Rowland Langford (born 10 April 1953) is a British author, editor, and critic, largely active within the science fiction field. He publishes the science-fiction fanzine and newsletter Ansible and holds the all-time record for most Hugo Awards, with a total of 29 wins.
Michael von Puchberg
Johann Michael von Puchberg (September 21, 1741, Zwettl, Lower Austria – January 21, 1822, Vienna) was a textile merchant who lived in Vienna in the 18th and early 19th centuries. He is remembered as a friend of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart whom he lent considerable sums of money during a difficult period in the composer's life.

Andrew Steptoe
Andrew Patrick Arthur Steptoe OBE FBA FAcSS FMedSci MAE (born 24 April 1951) is a British psychologist and epidemiologist in the Department of Behavioural Science and Health at University College London. He is a pioneer in health psychology and behavioural medicine in the UK and internationally, known for his work on psychosocial factors in cardiovascular disease, ageing, and positive wellbeing and health.
Foidolite
Foidolite (/ˈfɔɪdəlaɪt/) is a rare phaneritic (coarse-grained) intrusive igneous rock in which more than 60% (by volume) of light-coloured minerals are feldspathoids. Crystals of alkali feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, pyroxene, and/or olivine may be present within the rock. The volcanic equivalents are termed foidite and phonolitic or tephritic foidites.

Some foidolites are a potential source of aluminium.

Igneous rock
Igneous rock (igneous from Latin  igneus 'fiery'), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in a terrestrial planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses.

Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust.
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 4000
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 4000, also known as Aeolus, is a preserved S-4a class 4-6-4 "Hudson" steam locomotive that was originally built by Baldwin in 1930 as S-4 locomotive No. 3002. It was primarily used to pull fast passenger trains before it was rebuilt by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad in 1937 to be re-classified as an S-4a with Streamlining, and it was renumbered 4000 in the process. The streamlining was removed during World War II, and the locomotive was later downgraded to secondary passenger and mail service. In 1956, No. 4000 pulled two excursion trains out of Chicago, Illinois before it was retired. The locomotive was donated to the city of La Crosse, Wisconsin in 1963, and it remains on static display in Copeland Park, as of 2026.

4-6-4
4-6-4, under the Whyte notation for the classification of locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels and four trailing wheels. In France where the type was first used, it is known as the Baltic while it became known as the Hudson in most of North America.
USCGC Joseph Tezanos
USCGC Joseph Tezanos (WPC-1118) is the United States Coast Guard's 18th Sentinel-class cutter. She was commissioned on August 26, 2016. She was the sixth of the first cohort of six Fast Response Cutters home-ported in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Sentinel-class cutter
The Sentinel-class cutter, also known as the Fast Response Cutter or FRC due to its program name, is part of the United States Coast Guard's Deepwater program. At 154 feet (46.8 m), it is similar to, but larger than, the 123-foot (37 m) lengthened 1980s-era Island-class patrol boats that it replaces. At least 77 vessels are to be built by the Louisiana-based firm Bollinger Shipyards, using a design from the Netherlands-based Damen Group, with the Sentinel design based on the company's Damen Stan 4708 patrol vessel.  The Department of Homeland Security's budget proposal to Congress, for the Coast Guard, for 2021, stated that, in addition to 58 vessels to serve the Continental US, they requested an additional six vessels for its portion of Patrol Forces Southwest Asia.
1977 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1977 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Ten Conference teams for the 1977 Big Ten Conference football season. Conference co-champions Ohio State and Michigan led with eight and six first-team selections, respectively. Ohio State's first-team selections included running back Ron Springs and linebacker Tom Cousineau.  Michigan's first-team selections included quarterback Rick Leach and offensive guard Mark Donahue.

Tom Cousineau
Thomas Michael Cousineau (born May 6, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the Canadian Football League (CFL) and National Football League (NFL) for nine seasons during the 1970s and 1980s.  He played college football for Ohio State University, and twice earned All-American honors.  He was the first overall pick of the 1979 NFL draft, and played professionally for the CFL's Montreal Alouettes and the NFL's Cleveland Browns and San Francisco 49ers.

Cousineau is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame, elected in the class of 2016. He is also a member of the Ohio State Varsity "O" Hall of Fame, inducted in 1995, and St. Edward High School Hall of Fame. Cousineau was the recipient of the Silver Anniversary Butkus Award in 2003.
Brie Ruais
Brie Ruais is an American artist based in Brooklyn, New York, working in large “multi-faceted” ceramic sculptures, performance, photography, video, and site-specific installation.

Ruais’ work is a process-oriented, performative, body-conscious strain of feminist sculpture and addresses themes such as the environment, eco-feminism, feminist theory, and embodiment. Her work falls in the lineage of body-based conceptual artists Janine Antoni, Bruce Nauman, Lynda Benglis, and Eleanor Antin; artists whose work engages with the land such as Michelle Stuart, Ana Mendieta, and Richard Long; as well as the gestural athleticism of action painting and Richard Serra’s lead performances. Her work has also been compared to artists whose work is influenced by their natural surroundings like Georgia O’Keefe and Agnes Martin.

Bruce Nauman
Bruce Nauman (born December 6, 1941) is an American artist. His practice spans a broad range of media including sculpture, photography, neon, video, drawing, printmaking, and performance. Nauman lives near Galisteo, New Mexico.
Körborn
Körborn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

Kusel (district)
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north-west clockwise) Birkenfeld, Bad Kreuznach, Donnersbergkreis, Kaiserslautern, Saarpfalz and Sankt Wendel (the last two belonging to the state of Saarland).
Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club
The Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club is an Australian Surf Life Saving Club. The Club offers a range of activities and encourages members to continually develop and update their lifesaving skills. It is located at the southern end of Palm Beach, New South Wales, and members provide voluntary patrols on weekends and public holidays. Its members participate in internal and external competitions. Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club is a voluntary, non-for-profit organisation. It is considered that "if you have on your resume that you're a member of Palm Beach Surf Club, you've really made Sydney's social set."

Surf life saving club
Surf life saving clubs (or SLSCs) are volunteer institutions at Australian and New Zealand beaches. The clubs conduct surf lifesaving services on weekends and public holidays, and in the 2014-2015 season they saved 12,690 people. They also host many beach sport activities, such as Nippers, surf carnivals and other competitions. The SLSCs are responsible for the education of lifesavers including operation of inflatable rescue boats (IRBs) and maintaining radio communication with other beaches and air rescue resources.
L. B. Hanna
Louis Benjamin Hanna (August 9, 1861 – April 23, 1948) was an American businessman, banker, and North Dakota Republican Party politician, who served in the North Dakota House of Representatives and as the 11th governor of North Dakota.

Fargo, North Dakota
Fargo is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The population was 125,990 at the 2020 census and estimated at 136,285 in 2024. Fargo and its twin city of Moorhead, Minnesota, form the core of the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area, which had a population of 248,591 in 2020. It is the county seat of Cass County.

Fargo was founded in 1871 on the Red River of the North floodplain. It is a cultural, retail, health care, educational, and industrial center for southeastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. North Dakota State University is in the city.
Livro das Plantas de Todas as Fortalezas
The Livro das Plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoações do Estado da Índia Oriental (Book of the Plans of all the fortresses, cities and townships of the State of the East India), commonly referred to as only Livro das Plantas de todas as fortalezas (Book of the Plans of all the fortresses), it is a sixteenth-century Portuguese manuscript, source to the study of the cartography and military architecture of the Portuguese State of India.

Made in 1635, it lies nowadays in the Biblioteca Pública de Évora (Évora Public Library), in Évora, Portugal.

Diu, India
Diu (English: /'diːuː/,  Hindi: [d̪iːʋ]), also known as Diu Town, is a medieval fortified town in Diu district in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. Diu district is the tenth least populated district of India. The town of Diu lies at the eastern end of Diu Island and is known for its fortress and old Portuguese cathedral. It is a fishing town.

The city is one of the hundred Indian cities competing in a national-level competition to get funds under Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. Diu will be competing for one of the last 10 spots against 20 cities from across India. In April 2018, it was reported that the Diu Smart City has already become India's first city to run on 100 percent renewable energy during the daytime.