hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Murphy (VC)
Michael Murphy VC (c. 1837 – 4 April 1893) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and other Commonwealth forces.

Murphy was born c. 1837 in Cahir, County Tipperary, to Michael Murphy, a local blacksmith, and his (unknown) wife. He had at least two younger sisters, named Mary and Julia Mary. Little is known about his early life until 1855, when he started his army career.

Queen's Royal Lancers
The Queen's Royal Lancers (QRL) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed in 1993 and amalgamated with the 9th/12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's) on 2 May 2015 to form the Royal Lancers.
Mantri Prasad Naithani
Mantri Prasad Naithani is an Indian politician. He is a former Educational and Minister of Water Resources in Uttarakhand, India. He was former Cabinet Minister in the cabinet of N. D. Tiwari (Former Chief Minister of Uttarakhand) in the year 2002. Again he was voted in the Devprayag Legislative election and deputed for the Cabinet Minister in Uttarakhand. The address of his Legislative area is Village Sankro (Chauraas), Vikaskhand Kirtinagar, Tehri Garhwal.

Tehri Garhwal district
Tehri Garhwal district is a district in the hill state of Uttarakhand, India. Its administrative headquarters is at New Tehri. The district has a population of 618,931 (2011 census), a 2.35% increase over the previous decade. It is surrounded by Rudraprayag District in the east, Dehradun District in the west, Uttarkashi District in the north, and Pauri Garhwal District in the south. Tehri Garhwal is a part of the Himalayas.
Spurdog
Squalus is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Squalidae. Commonly known as spurdogs, these sharks are characterized by smooth dorsal fin spines, teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size, caudal peduncle with lateral keels; upper precaudal pit usually present, and caudal fin without subterminal notch. In spurdogs, the hyomandibula (the bone connecting the braincase to the jaws) is oriented at a right angle to the neurocranium, while in other sharks, the hyomandibula runs more parallel to the body. This led some to think that the upper jaw of Squalus would not be as protractile as the jaws of other sharks. However, a study that compared different jaw suspension types in sharks showed that this is not the case and that Squalus is quite capable of protruding its upper jaw during feeding.

The name comes from squalus, the Latin for shark; this word is the root for numerous words related to sharks such as squaline and scientific names for sharks, such as the order Squaliformes.

Squalus crassispinus
Squalus crassispinus, the fatspine spurdog, is a dogfish of the family Squalidae, found on the continental shelf off the northern coast of Western Australia, at depths of 180 to 200 metres (590 to 660 ft). The length of the longest male specimen measured is 56 centimetres (22 in).

Squalus crassispinus is a rare, small and slender dogfish with a broad head and short snout.  There is a broad, small medial barbel on the anterior nasal flaps.  The pectoral fin has a shallowly concave posterior margin.  The first dorsal fin is moderately high, and both dorsal fin spines are very stout.

Coloration is light grey above, paler below, with no white spots.  The pale dorsal fins have dusky tips.

Its reproduction is ovoviviparous.
Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies
Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies (NHMS; ISSN 0929-2470) is an academic book series on Gnosticism, the Nag Hammadi library, Manichaeism, and related subjects. The series was founded as Nag Hammadi Studies (NHS; ISSN 0169-7749) in 1971 and is published by Brill. The series includes monographs, conference proceedings, festschrifts, collected papers, and bibliographies published in English, German, and French.

Conference proceedings
In academia and librarianship, conference proceedings are a collection of academic papers published in the context of an academic conference or workshop. Conference proceedings typically contain the contributions made by researchers at the conference. They are the written record of the work that is presented to fellow researchers. In many fields, they are published as supplements to academic journals; in some, they are considered the main dissemination route; in others they may be considered grey literature. They are usually distributed in printed or electronic volumes, either before the conference opens or after it has closed.
Betaarterivirus
Betaarterivirus is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrates. The genus is in the family Arteriviridae and order Nidovirales. The genus contains four subgenera and six species.

Nidovirales
Nidovirales is an order of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrates and invertebrates. Host organisms include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, arthropods, molluscs, and helminths. The order includes the families Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, Roniviridae, Tobaniviridae, and Mesoniviridae.

Member viruses have a viral envelope and a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome which is capped and polyadenylated. Nidoviruses are named for the Latin nidus, meaning nest, as all viruses in this order produce a 3' co-terminal nested set of subgenomic mRNAs during infection.
Draupathi (2020 film)
Draupathi is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written, directed, and produced by Mohan G. Kshatriyan. The film stars Richard Rishi and Sheela Rajkumar, with K. S. G. Venkatesh, Karunas, Nishanth and Soundariya Nanjundan in supporting roles. The music of the film was composed by Jubin and cinematography was performed by Manoj Narayan and edited by Devaraj S. The film is a crowdfunding project. The film released on 28 February 2020 to mostly negative reviews from critics.

The film was released amidst huge controversies related to casteism. The film has been criticized for its alleged pro-casteism stand and intent to uphold casteism. It was also heavily criticised for its regressive storyline.

A sequel titled Draupathi 2, also directed by Mohan G and starring Richard Rishi was announced on 26 February 2025.

Pazhaya Vannarapettai (film)
Pazhaya Vannarapettai (transl. Old Washermanpet) is a 2016 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Mohan G. Kshatriyan in his directorial debut. The film stars Prajin and Asmitha, while Richard Rishi, Nishanth, Karunas, and Robo Shankar play supporting roles. The music has been composed by Jubin with cinematography by Farook J. Basha and editing by Devaraj S. The film was released on 2 December 2016.
2016 Major League Ultimate season
The 2016 Major League Ultimate season was the fourth and final season for the frisbee league. The eight teams were split into two regional conferences (East and West), with each team playing a 10-game schedule, including some cross-divisional matches. The top two teams in each conference advanced to the next round, where they competed against the other qualified team from their conference. The winners of these matches advanced to the final to compete for the MLU Championship. On July 16, Philadelphia Spinners won the final 14–11 against Portland Stags to become the 2016 MLU Champions.

Portland Stags
The Portland Stags were an American semi-professional ultimate team based in Portland, Oregon. The Stags competed as part of Major League Ultimate (MLU) in the league's Western Conference until the league suspended operations in 2016. The team was one of the original eight teams that formed the MLU in 2013. The team saw the post-season three times and in 2016 saw its first appearance at the MLU Championship.

In 2022, Portland Nitro began playing ultimate for the Ultimate Frisbee Association.
Bayidie Festival
Bayidie (Yam) Festival is an annual harvest festival celebrated by the chiefs and peoples of Mo in Wenchi District in the Bono Region, formerly Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. It is usually celebrated in the month of August and September.

Bono Region
The Bono region is one of the 16 administrative regions of Ghana. It is as a result of the remainder of Brong-Ahafo region when Bono East region and Ahafo region were created. Sunyani, also known as the green city of Ghana, is the regional capital. Sunyani can pride itself as the cleanest capital city and a major conference destination.
Communal wildlife conservancies in Namibia
Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address habitat conservation and protection of natural resources in their constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity of Namibia, and utilization of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future."

Trophy hunting
Trophy hunting is a form of hunting for sport in which parts of the hunted wild animals are kept and displayed as trophies. The animal being targeted, known as the "game", is typically a mature male specimen from a popular species of collectable interests, usually of large sizes, holding impressive horns, antlers, furs, or manes. Most trophies consist of only select parts of the animal, which are prepared for display by a taxidermist. The parts most commonly kept vary by species but often include the head, hide, tusks, horns, or antlers.

Trophies are often displayed in trophy rooms or game rooms, or in gun rooms along with the hunter's gun collection.

Trophy hunting has strong supporters and opponents. The controversy focuses on the morality of hunting for pleasure rather than for practical use, as well as questions about the extent to which big-game hunting benefits conservation efforts.
NGC 4457
NGC 4457 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy, a class of active galaxy defined by their spectral line emissions. NGC 4457 Is inclined by about 33°. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on February 23, 1784. Despite being listed in the Virgo Cluster Catalog as VCC 1145, NGC 4457 is a member of the Virgo II Groups which form an extension of the Virgo cluster.

NGC 4457 may have had a recent minor merger with another galaxy.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Luke Boyd
Luke Boyd (born 22 April 1987 in Sydney) is an Indigenous Australian professional boxer who competes as a featherweight. As an amateur, Boyd represented Australia at the 2008 Olympics, reaching the round of 32 of the bantamweight bracket.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
BioFach
BioFach is the world's largest trade fair for organic food and agriculture. It is held each year in the month of February, in Nuremberg, Germany. It brings together exhibitors and  trade visitors from around 130 countries.

Organic movement
The organic movement broadly refers to the organizations and individuals involved worldwide in the promotion of organic food and other organic products. It started during the first half of the 20th century, when modern large-scale agricultural practices began to appear.
Marc Guylaine
Marc Guylaine was a Canadian herring seiner built in 1969, along with its two sister ships, the Lady Dorianne and Lady Audette. After its two sister ships both mysteriously sank in the Acadian peninsula, drowning nine men, and the only two other ships built to the same specifications met identical fates, the Marc Guylaine became the subject of great fear that it would meet a similar end.

The government eventually agreed to purchase the "cursed" ship from its captain, and subsequently renamed it and moved it out of Atlantic Canada, selling it to a fishing corporation on the Pacific Coast where it remains in service today as the Freeport.

Magdalen Islands
The Magdalen Islands (French: Îles de la Madeleine, pronounced [il də la madlɛn]) are a Canadian archipelago in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Since 2005, the 12-island archipelago is divided into two municipalities: the majority-francophone Municipality of Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the majority-anglophone Municipality of Grosse-Île, in the Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine region, Quebec.
Strigidae
The true owls or typical owls (family Strigidae) are one of the two generally accepted families of owls, the other being the barn owls and bay owls (Tytonidae).  This large family comprises 230 living or recently extinct species in 24 genera. The Strigidae owls have a cosmopolitan distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica.

Elf owl
The elf owl (Micrathene whitneyi) is a small grayish-brown owl about the size of a sparrow found in the Southwestern United States, central Mexico, and the Baja California peninsula. It has pale yellow eyes highlighted by thin white "eyebrows" and a gray bill with a horn-colored tip. The elf owl frequently inhabits woodpecker holes in saguaro cacti; it also nests in natural tree cavities. It is nocturnal and feeds primarily on insects.
Coolie No. 1 (2020 film)
Coolie No. 1 is a 2020 Indian Hindi-language masala film directed by David Dhawan and produced by Vashu Bhagnani. A reboot of his own 1995 film of the same name, which itself is a remake of the Tamil film Chinna Mapillai (1993), the film stars Varun Dhawan, Sara Ali Khan, and Paresh Rawal. When a matchmaker is insulted by Jeffrey Rozario, a rich businessman, he vows to exact revenge. As a result, he makes a porter pretend to be a rich man and marries him off to Rozario's daughter.

Principal photography began on 8 August 2019 in Bangkok.

The film was set to be theatrically released in India on 1 May 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.  Later, it was released on 25 December, during Christmas, on Amazon Prime Video.

Anupama Chopra
Anupama Vinod Chopra (née Chandra) is an Indian author, journalist and film critic who served as the festival director of the MAMI Mumbai Film Festival from 2015 to 2023. She is also the founder and editor of the now-defunct digital platform Film Companion, which offered a curated look at cinema with an emphasis on Indian film. She has written several books on Indian cinema and has been a film critic for NDTV and India Today, as well as the Hindustan Times. She hosted a weekly film review show, The Front Row With Anupama Chopra, on Star World. She won the 2000 National Film Award for Best Book on Cinema for her first book Sholay: The Making of a Classic. Chopra joined the Indian outlet of The Hollywood Reporter as it was launched in 2024.
Gar Tagu Risum
Gar Tagu Risum (Tibetan: མགར་སྟ་གུ་རི་ཟུམ, Wylie: mgar sta gu ri sum, ? – ?) was a general of the Tibetan Empire. He was the fourth son of minister Gar Tongtsen Yülsung. In Chinese records, his name was given as Xīduōyú (Chinese: 悉多于).

According to Old Tibetan Annals, his eldest brother Gar Tsenye Dompu came into conflict with another minister Gar Mangnyen Taktsab in 685, and was killed by a river in Sumpa. Tagu's another brother Gar Trinring Tsendro came into power. Tagu put down a rebellion in rtsang chen together with Trinring in 687.

In 692, the Chinese troops led by Wang Xiaojie invaded Tibet in order to recapture the lost land: Four Garrisons of Anxi. Tagu fought together with his brothers Trinring, Tsenyen Gungton, and Western Turks' khan Ashina Tuizi (阿史那俀子). Tibetan was defeated in this battle. Two years later, Chinese invaded Tibet again, and defeated Tibetan troops near Qinghai Lake. Tagu fled but was captured by Sogdian people.

Gar Trinring Tsendro
Gar Trinring Tsendro (Tibetan: མགར་ཁྲིང་འབྲིང་བཙན་བྲོད, Wylie: mgar khri vbring btsan brod; ? – 699), also known as Lon Trinling (Tibetan: བློན་ཁྲི་འབྲིང), was a famous general of the Tibetan Empire. He was the second son of minister Gar Tongtsen Yülsung. In Chinese records, his name was given as Lùn Qīnlíng (simplified Chinese: 论钦陵; traditional Chinese: 論欽陵) or Qǐzhèng (Chinese: 起政).
Norbert Mészáros
Norbert Mészáros (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnorbɛrt ˈmeːsaːroʃ]; born 19 August 1980) is a Hungarian professional footballer who plays for Hajdúszoboszló. He is usually deployed as a central defender but can also play left back.

Debreceni VSC
Debreceni Vasutas Sport Club is a Hungarian professional football club based in Debrecen that competes in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, the first tier of Hungarian football. They are best known internationally for reaching the group stages of the UEFA Champions League in the 2009–10 season. Debrecen have become the second most successful club in Hungary since 2000, winning the Hungarian League seven times.
Chitty Street
Chitty Street is a street in the London Borough of Camden that runs between Charlotte Street and Whitfield Street. Charlotte Mews adjoins Chitty Street on its south side.

Chitty Street was originally known as North Street and marked the southern border of the Bedford Estate on the western side of Tottenham Court Road. Leases on the plots on the north side of the street were granted to builder William Gowing in 1776. All the original buildings of Chitty Street have been replaced with modern buildings.

Charlotte Street
Charlotte Street is a street in Fitzrovia, historically part of the parish and borough of St Pancras, in central London. It has been described, together with its northern and southern extensions (Fitzroy Street and Rathbone Place), as the spine of Fitzrovia.

The southern half of the street has many restaurants and cafes, and a lively nightlife; the northern part is more mixed in character, and includes the large office building of the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi, and a University College London student hall of residence, Astor College. The street has a significant residential population living above the ground floor. It gives its name to two architectural Conservation Areas: Charlotte Street conservation area (Camden) and Charlotte Street West conservation area (City of Westminster)
Reformed Church of Aargau
The Reformed Church of Aargau or Reformierte Landeskirche des Kantons Aargau is a Reformed state cantonal church in Aargau, Switzerland. It was founded in 1803, and according to the 2004 statistics the Aargau Reformed Church had 76 Presbyteries and 1 Synod with almost 200,000 members and 76 parishes and 107 ordained clergy. The official language is German. Member of the Schweizerischer Evangelischer Kirchenbund. Women ordination is allowed. Blessing of same-sex unions were allowed and on September 18, 2019 blessing of same-sex marriages were allowed.

Landeskirche
In Germany and Switzerland, a Landeskirche (German: [ˈlandəsˌkɪʁçə] ⓘ; plural: Landeskirchen, German: [ˈlandəsˌkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ) is the church of a region. The term usually refers to Protestant churches, but—in case of Switzerland—also Roman Catholic dioceses. They originated as the national churches of the independent states, States of Germany (Länder) or Cantons of Switzerland (Kantone, Cantons, Cantoni), that later unified to form modern Germany (in 1871) or modern Switzerland (in 1848), respectively.
Grinton Lodge
Grinton Lodge is a 19th-century former shooting lodge that has been a youth hostel since 1948.  A Grade II listed building, it is situated above the village of Grinton, in Swaledale, North Yorkshire, England.

Swaledale
Swaledale is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines, and within the Yorkshire Dales National Park. It is named after the River Swale, which runs through it. Swaledale is the most northerly of the major dales.
Choristoneura occidentalis
For the Western spruce bud worm, elsewhere as the homonym Choristoneura occidentalis, please see Choristoneura freemani

Archips occidentalis [or Choristoneura occidentalis in some schemes] is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Gambia, and possibly more broadly, such as Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and South Africa.

The larvae feed on Maesopsis eminii, Pinus patula, Vigna unguiculata, Allium cepa, Cajanus, Citrus (including Citrus aurantium), Coffea (including Coffea arabica), Corchorus, Cupressus lusitanica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus torelliana, Glycine max and Gossypium species.

Choristoneura freemani
Choristoneura occidentalis [or  Choristoneura freemani in some schemes], the western spruce budworm, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is the most destructive defoliator of coniferous forests in western North America.
Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan border
The Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan border is 1,212 kilometres (753 mi) and runs from the tripoint with Uzbekistan to the tripoint with China. Bishkek, the Kyrgyz capital, is situated just 16 km (10 mi) to the south of this boundary, and Almaty (Kazakhstan's largest city and former capital) is situated just 29 kilometres (18 mi) to the north of it.

Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (Russian: Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика; Kazakh: Қазақ Автономиялы Социалистік Кеңестік Республикасы, romanized: Qazaq Avtonomiialy Sotsialistık Keñestık Respublikasy), abbreviated as Kazak ASSR (Russian: Казакская АССР; Kazakh: Qazaq ASSR) and simply Kazakhstan (Russian: Казахстан; Kazakh: Qazaƣьstan), was an autonomous republic of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) within the Soviet Union (from 1922) which existed from 1920 until 1936.
Hyde Park (Tampa)
Hyde Park is a historic neighborhood and district within the city limits of Tampa. It includes Bayshore Boulevard, Hyde Park Village and SoHo. Its ZIP code is 33606. Hyde Park includes many historic homes and bungalows. Its history and proximity to downtown Tampa make it a desirable residential neighborhood. Because of its convenient location, developments are being built in Hyde Park. Construction includes an expansion of Hyde Park Village, an upscale shopping and dining destination, as well as multifamily residential developments.

John F. Kennedy Boulevard (Tampa, Florida)
John F. Kennedy Boulevard (better known as Kennedy Boulevard), is a major east-west corridor in Tampa, Florida. The downtown portion of the roadway was originally known as Lafayette Street, and as Grand Central Avenue west of the downtown area in the City of Tampa during the 19th century and early-to-mid-20th century. West of the city limits at Howard Avenue, it was known as Memorial Highway. At the time, it was mainly a two-lane thoroughfare. It carries the State Road 60 designation through its entire route.

Some places of interest that can be accessed from this route include WestShore Plaza, International Plaza and Bay Street, Tampa International Airport via the Veterans Expressway, the University of Tampa, Downtown Tampa, and the Port of Tampa. Kennedy Boulevard represents the northern boundary of South Tampa.  The route runs from today's Memorial Highway to Channelside Drive.