hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Forward scatter
Forward scattering is the deflection of waves by small angles so that they continue to move in close to the same direction as before the scattering. It can occur with all types of waves, for instance light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays as well as matter waves such as electrons, neutrons and even water waves. It can be due to diffraction, refraction, and low angle reflection. It almost always occurs when the wavelength of the radiation used is small relative to the features which lead to the scattering. Forward scatter is essentially the reverse of backscatter.

Many different examples exist, and there are very large fields where forward scattering dominates, in particular for electron diffraction and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction. In these the relevant waves are transmitted through the samples. One case where there is forward scattering in a reflection geometry is reflection high-energy electron diffraction.

Inelastic scattering
In chemistry, nuclear physics, and particle physics, inelastic scattering is a process in which the internal states of a particle or a system of particles change after a collision. Often, this means the kinetic energy of the incident particle is not conserved (in contrast to elastic scattering). Additionally, relativistic collisions which involve a transition from one type of particle to another are referred to as inelastic even if the outgoing particles have the same kinetic energy as the incoming ones. Processes which are governed by elastic collisions at a microscopic level will appear to be inelastic if a macroscopic observer only has access to a subset of the degrees of freedom. In Compton scattering for instance, the two particles in the collision transfer energy causing a loss of energy in the measured particle.
Khutba Periya Palli, Kayalpattinam
The Khutba Periya Palli, also known as the Al Jami'ul Kabeer (Tamil: குத்பா பெரிய பள்ளி, காயல்பட்டினம், romanized: Grand Jumu'ah Masjid, lit. 'Big Juma Mosque') and as the Periya Khutba Palli, is a Friday mosque, located in Kayalpattinam, in the Thoothukudi district of the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Pegleromyces
Pegleromyces is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Pegleromyces collybioides, found in Brazil, and described as new to science by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1981.

The genus name of Pegleromyces is in honour of David Pegler (b.1938), who is a British mycologist.

Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of fungi within the order Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae.

The name derives from the Greek trichos (τριχος) meaning hair and loma (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature.

The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing Tricholoma and other genera that form part of a monophyletic family including Tricholoma. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates the continued use of Tricholomataceae.
Synodontis pulcher
Synodontis pulcher is a species of upside-down catfish that is endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is only known from Stanley Pool.  It was first described by Max Poll in 1971.  The original specimens were obtained from Stanley Pool, on the Congo River in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  The species name pulcher means "beautiful", referring to the markings on the body.

Mochokidae
The Mochokidae are a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) that are known as the squeakers or upside-down catfish (although not all species swim upside-down). Nine genera and about 200 species of mochokids ae described. All the mochokids are freshwater species originating from Africa.

They have three pairs of barbels, with the nasal barbels absent; sometimes, the mandibular barbels may be branched. The lips are modified into a suckermouth in Atopochilus, Chiloglanis, and Euchilichthys. The adipose fin is usually very long. The dorsal and pectoral fins have spines that are usually strong and with a locking mechanism. They range in size up to 72 cm (28 in) standard length. This group contains many popular species among aquarists, such as Synodontis nigriventris, Synodontis angelicus, and Synodontis multipunctatus.
Acarinarium
An acarinarium is a specialized anatomical structure which is evolved to facilitate the retention of mites on the body of an organism, typically a bee or a wasp. The term was introduced by Walter Karl Johann Roepke.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Ashlin Barry
Ashlin Barry (born 25 September 2007) is a Canadian-American professional racing cyclist, who rides for UCI Continental team Visma–Lease a Bike Development and USA National Team. Ashlin's official website: ashlinbarry.com

Paris–Roubaix Juniors
Paris–Roubaix Juniors (or Le Pavé de Roubaix) is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in April in northern France for junior cyclists (aged 17 and 18) ahead of the senior Paris–Roubaix classic race. It is organised by the Vélo-Club de Roubaix Lille Métropole, who organize the under-23s version, Paris–Roubaix Espoirs.

In 2019, the race faced "imminent cancellation" due to difficulty finding sponsors. German cyclist John Degenkolb, 2015 winner of the elite Paris–Roubaix race, started a GoFundMe campaign to help fund the race. The fundraiser passed its goal of €10,000 within 24 hours, including €2,500 from Degenkolb himself. In 2020, the organizers of Paris–Roubaix named a 4-star sector of cobblestones after Degenkolb, in recognition of his efforts to help the junior race continue.

The 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the 2021 edition moved from April to 3 October.
SEK Class Theta-alpha
SEK (Sidirodromoi Ellinikou Kratous, Hellenic State Railways) class Θα (or class THb; Theta-alpha) is a class of one 2-8-0 steam locomotives, acquired after the First World War.

Originally one of the Bulgarian State Railways' (BDŽ) 700 series four-cylinder compound locomotives that had been built by Hanomag in 1911 as BDŽ 705. It was given the class letters "Θα" by the SEK and initially numbered 601 before being renumbered 501.

During World War II it was reclaimed by the Bulgarians and renumbered BDŽ 27.17 at the end of the surviving 700s (which by then had become BDŽ class 27).

2-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels. In the United States and elsewhere, this wheel arrangement is commonly known as a Consolidation, after the Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad’s Consolidation, the name of the first 2-8-0.

The notation 2-8-0T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in side-tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.

The Consolidation represented a notable advance in locomotive power. After 1875, it became "the most popular type of freight locomotive in the United States and was built in greater quantities than any other single wheel arrangement."
Flag Point
Flag Point (64°49′S 63°31′W﻿ / ﻿64.817°S 63.517°W﻿ / -64.817; -63.517) is a point which lies 0.3 nautical miles (0.6 km) east-southeast of Damoy Point and forms the north side of the entrance to Port Lockroy, Wiencke Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. It was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. It was named by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1944; when the FIDS base at Port Lockroy was established in 1944, a metal Union Flag was erected on this point.

Port Lockroy
Port Lockroy is a bay forming a natural harbour on the north-western shore of Wiencke Island in the Palmer Archipelago to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula. The Antarctic base with the same name, situated on Goudier Island in this bay, includes the most southerly operational post office in the world. The base was left unstaffed from 2020 to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, though the museum house remained open to individual visits. On 4 October 2022 it was announced that a team of four women had been chosen to return to open the base for the summer 2022/23 season.
Intentional base on balls
In baseball, an intentional base on balls, usually referred to as an intentional walk and denoted in baseball scorekeeping by IBB, is a walk issued to a batter by a pitcher with the intent of removing the batter's opportunity to swing at the pitched ball. A pitch that is intentionally thrown far outside the strike zone for this purpose is referred to as an intentional ball.

Beginning with the 2017 season, Major League Baseball has removed the requirement to throw four intentional balls. In MLB and in amateur baseball, such as high school and college games, and in most levels of Little League Baseball, the manager of the team on the field now simply asks the plate umpire to let the batter go to first base.  However, beginning in 2023, Little League restricted the procedure to once per game to a single batter.  If a batter is to be intentionally walked a second time, four intentional balls must be thrown.

Strike zone
In baseball, the strike zone is the area of space through which a pitch must pass in order to be called a strike even if the batter does not swing. The strike zone is defined as the volume of space above home plate and between the batter's knees and the midpoint of his torso. Whether a pitch passes through the zone is decided by an umpire, who is generally positioned behind the catcher.

Strikes are desirable for the pitcher and the fielding team, as three strikes result in a strikeout of that batter. A pitch that misses the strike zone is called a ball if the batter does not swing at it. Balls are desirable for the batter and the batting team, as four balls allow the batter to take a "walk" to first base as a base on balls.
KeeLoq
KeeLoq is a proprietary hardware-dedicated block cipher that uses a non-linear feedback shift register (NLFSR).  The uni-directional command transfer protocol was designed by Frederick Bruwer of Nanoteq (Pty) Ltd., the cryptographic algorithm was created by Gideon Kuhn at the University of Pretoria, and the silicon implementation was by Willem Smit at Nanoteq (Pty) Ltd (South Africa) in the mid-1980s. KeeLoq was sold to Microchip Technology Inc in 1995 for $10 million. It is used in 'hopping code' encoders and decoders such as NTQ105/106/115/125D/129D, HCS101/2XX/3XX/4XX/5XX and MCS31X2. KeeLoq has been used in many remote keyless entry systems by such companies like Chrysler, Daewoo, Fiat, Ford, GM, Honda, Mercedes-Benz, Toyota, Volvo, Volkswagen Group, Clifford, Shurlok, and Jaguar.

Replay attack
A replay attack (also known as a repeat attack or playback attack) is a form of network attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and re-transmits it, possibly as part of a spoofing attack by IP packet substitution. This is one of the lower-tier versions of a man-in-the-middle attack. Replay attacks are usually passive in nature.

Another way of describing such an attack is:
"an attack on a security protocol using a replay of messages from a different context into the intended (or original and expected) context, thereby fooling the honest participant(s) into thinking they have successfully completed the protocol run."
Jean L. François
Jean Louis François (2 November 1882 – 10 January 1941) was a French philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1935. He contributed to the Kohl Briefmarken-Handbuch and was one of the founder members of the Académie de philatélie.

Académie de philatélie
The Académie de philatélie (Academy of Philately in English) is a French philatelic voluntary association created in 1928. Its goal is to promote philately and philatelic studies.

The Académie's headquarters is hosted in La Poste's Museum in Paris, a postal museum the association fought for in the 1930s. Part of the museum library, open to the public, is a loan of the Académie.

The Académie's emblem is the Ceres head designed by Jacques-Jean Barre for the first postage stamp of France.
Hallway Productionz
Hallway Productionz is a music production duo from Stockton, California, composed of Teak & Dee Underdue. They have been credited on albums for music industry artists mainly in hip hop and contemporary R&B, such as Ice Cube, WC, T-Bone, Angie Stone, Dave Hollister, and Mindless Behavior.

Young Maylay
Christopher Bellard (born June 17, 1979), known professionally as Young Maylay, is an American rapper, record producer, and voice actor based in Los Angeles, California. He is best known for his portrayal of Carl "CJ" Johnson, the main character of the action-adventure game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas (2004).
1971 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1971 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, the 42nd edition, was played on Tuesday, July 13. The all-stars from the American League and the National League faced each other at Tiger Stadium, home of the Detroit Tigers, and the home team AL won 6–4.

This was the third time that the Tigers had hosted the All-Star Game (1941, 1951); the same venue was previously known as Briggs Stadium.  It was the second All-Star Game played at night, the first in prime-time in an American League park, and the last in Tiger Stadium. When the event returned to Detroit 34 years later in 2005, it was at Comerica Park, the Tigers' home since 2000.

It was the American League's first win since the second game of 1962, and was their last until 1983.  Over the twenty game stretch from 1963–1982, the AL was 1–19 (.050), the worst run for either league in the history of the exhibition.

1962 Major League Baseball All-Star Game (second game)
The second 1962 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 33rd playing of Major League Baseball's annual midsummer exhibition game. The game took place at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois, home of the National League's Chicago Cubs. The American League emerged triumphant as they finally broke out of a five-game slump with nine runs. The nine runs equaled their total for the previous five games. The AL also racked up ten hits. Their victory kept the National League from tying the All-Star series at 16–16. The AL also had home runs by Pete Runnels, Leon Wagner and Rocky Colavito. A highlight of the game was the first presentation of the Arch Ward Trophy to the MVPs of each All-Star Game. It was first presented in 1962 as a tribute to Arch Ward, the man who founded the All-Star Game in 1933. That first presentation went to Leon Wagner of the Los Angeles Angels (second game MVP) and to Maury Wills of the Los Angeles Dodgers (first game MVP), because two Midsummer Classics were played.
Take What You Find
Take What You Find is the twelfth studio album by Australian-American pop singer Helen Reddy, released in 1980 by Capitol Records. It was her last album while under contract with the aforementioned record label before signing with MCA Records. Like the previous three -- We'll Sing in the Sunshine, Live In London, and Reddy—it failed to sell enough copies to reach Billboard magazine's list of the 200 Top LP's & Tapes of the week in the US but also became her first studio LP that didn't have a single appearing on either the Billboard Hot 100 or  the magazine's Easy Listening chart.

Live in London (Helen Reddy album)
Live in London is the first live album by Australian-American pop singer Helen Reddy that was released in 1978 by Capitol Records and, as with her previous release, did not reach Billboard magazine's Top LP's & Tapes chart. On June 25, 2002, the album was released for the first time on compact disc.
Civic Plaza station
Civic Plaza station is a Tide Light Rail station in Norfolk, Virginia. It opened in 2011 and is located in the plaza in front of Norfolk City Hall, just east of St. Pauls Boulevard.

The station is adjacent to several government buildings and is just north of Dominion Tower and the Elizabeth River waterfront.

Norfolk City Hall
Norfolk City Hall, also known as the MacArthur Memorial, is a historic city hall located at Norfolk, Virginia. It was built in 1847, and is a two-story, stuccoed and granite faced, temple-form building measuring 80 feet (24 m) by 60 feet (18 m). It features a front portico supported by six massive Tuscan order columns, and a gable roof topped by a cupola.  The building housed city offices until 1918, and courtrooms until 1960.

In 1961, the entire building interior was gutted to house the museum and tomb of General Douglas MacArthur and his wife. The MacArthur Memorial also includes a visitor center building and a research center.

Norfolk City Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
Altınbaş University
Altınbaş University is a foundation university in Istanbul, Turkey. The university was established in 2008 as Istanbul Kemerburgaz University and changed to its current name in 2017. Altınbaş University has more than 5000 international students from 89 countries, approximately 40% of the students are international. The university has 3 campuses located in Istanbul, which are in Bağcılar, Bakırköy and Şişli. Home to 9 undergraduate schools, 3 graduate schools, 2 vocational schools as of the academic year 2019–2020, Altınbaş University is currently offering 30 bachelor's degree programmes, 34 associate degree programmes, 28 master's degree programmes and 6 PhD programmes.

Bakırköy
Bakırköy is a municipality and district in the European part of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 29 km2, and its population is 226,685 (2022). Bakırköy lies between the D.100 highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy houses a large psychiatric hospital, and is an important shopping and commercial center.
Inverness Airport railway station
Inverness Airport railway station was opened on 2 February 2023. It is close to the site of the former Dalcross railway station, and is served by ScotRail services between Inverness and Aberdeen. It serves both the namesake airport and the nearby hamlet of Tornagrain.

Minister for Transport (Junior Minister)
The Minister for Agriculture and Connectivity is a member of the Scottish Government who reports to the Cabinet Secretary for Transport and the Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands. As a Junior Minister the post holder is not a member of the Scottish Government Cabinet.
Alkali soil
Alkali, or  alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and to be difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.

Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (American English: /baɪˈkɑːr.bə.neɪt/ ⓘ) (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3–.

Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system.

The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The name lives on as a trivial name.
WYKR-FM
WYKR-FM (101.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Haverhill, New Hampshire. It airs a country music format. WYKR-FM's programming is also heard on daytime-only station WTWN (1100 AM) and FM translator W286DE (105.1) in Wells River, Vermont. Both WYKR-FM and WTWN are owned by Joshua Smith's Yankee Kingdom Media Corp.

WYKR began broadcasting in 1976 over the AM station in Wells River, which operated at 1490 kHz until 1987. WYKR-FM was added in 1990. WYKR AM became WTWN in 1999, and aired Christian radio programming during the 2000s before returning to the WYKR-FM simulcast. The Puffer family owned the stations from 1976 until 2023, when they were acquired by Yankee Kingdom Media Corp.

Haverhill, New Hampshire
Haverhill is a town and the seat of Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,585 at the 2020 census. Haverhill includes the villages of Woodsville, Pike, and North Haverhill, the historic town center at Haverhill Corner, and the district of Mountain Lakes. Located here are Bedell Bridge State Park, Black Mountain State Forest, Kinder Memorial Forest, and Oliverian Valley Wildlife Preserve. It is home to the annual North Haverhill Fair.