hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rais
Raʾīs (Arabic: رئيس), plural ruʾasāʾ, is an Arabic title meaning 'chief' or 'leader'. It comes from the word for head, raʾs. The corresponding word for leadership or chieftaincy is riʾāsa. It is often translated as 'president' in Arabic, and as 'boss' in Persian. Swahili speakers may also use it for president. The Ottoman Turkish form of the title is reis, which denoted a captain (a term with identical etymology, being from Latin caput, 'head').The term raʾīs is of pre-Islamic origin. It may function as an honorific laqab in a person's name. In the central Arab world, the term originally meant village headman.

Village head
A village head, village headman or village chief is the leader of a village, hamlet, or other type of settlement too small to have their own mayor.

Unlike the position of mayor, denoting a leader of a city, town or other large settlements with its own incorporated government, the title of village head may be purely ceremonial or even entirely unofficial, simply denoting an individual which commands sizeable political and social influence in a given area. This is especially the case in the modern era, as increased urbanization and advances in communication mean that most villages are subject to some form of local government already, and thus the need for local chiefs has decreased. However, in some countries, village heads continue to exist as an official government position analogous to that of a mayor, or at the very least as a consultative or representative role that mediates between small communities and higher levels of government.
Culloville Blues GAC
Culloville Blues Gaelic Athletic Club (Irish: CLG Na Gormacha, Baile Mhic Cholla) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club within Armagh GAA. It is based in the village of Culloville (often spelled Cullaville, possibly anglicised) in south County Armagh, Northern Ireland.

The club plays Gaelic football in the Armagh Senior Championship. The club has two playing fields. The main field is just south of the village, close to the Fane bridge, which marks the border with County Monaghan. A sister club competes in camogie.

Armagh Junior Football Championship
The Armagh Junior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by lower-tier Armagh GAA clubs. The Armagh County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1925. The national media covers the competition.

Collegeland are the title holders (2024) defeating An Port Mor in the final
Holy Loch
The Holy Loch (Scottish Gaelic: An Loch Sianta/Seunta) is a sea loch, part of the Firth of Clyde, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland.

The "Holy Loch" name is believed to date from the 6th century, when Saint Munn landed there after leaving Ireland. Kilmun Parish Church and Argyll Mausoleum is said to stand where Saint Munn's church was once located.

Robertson's Yard at Sandbank, a village on the loch, was a major wooden boat building company in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

During World War II, the loch was used as a British Royal Navy submarine base. From 1961 to 1992, it was used as a United States Navy ballistic missile submarine base. In 1992, the Holy Loch base was deemed unnecessary following the demise of the Soviet Union and subsequently closed.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Lucas Vila
Lucas Martín Vila (born 23 August 1986) is an Argentine former field hockey player who played as a forward.

He made his debut for the national squad in 2005, after having played the Junior World Cup in Rotterdam, Netherlands. He played a total of 274 times for the Argentina national team until 2023. His older brothers Matías and Rodrigo were also field hockey players for Argentina.

Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's field hockey tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics was the 23rd edition of the field hockey event for men at the Summer Olympics. It took place over a thirteen-day period beginning on 6 August, and culminated with the medal finals on 18 August. All games were played at the Olympic Hockey Centre in Deodoro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Argentina won the gold medal for the first time after defeating Belgium 4–2 in the final. Defending champions Germany won the bronze medal by defeating the Netherlands 4–3 on a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw.

The medals for the tournament were presented by René Fasel, Switzerland; Pierre-Olivier Beckers-Vieujant, Belgium; and Gerardo Werthein, Argentina; members of the International Olympic Committee.
Dascillidae
Dascillidae is a family of beetles within the clade Elateriformia. There are about 100 extant species in 11 genera, which are found worldwide. Dascillidae together with Rhipiceridae form the super family Dascilloidea.

Elateriformia
Elateriformia is an infraorder of polyphagan beetles.  The two largest families in this group are buprestids, of which there are around 15,000 described species, and click beetles, of which there are around 10,000 described species.

The infraorder consists of six superfamilies:

Buprestoidea — the metallic wood-boring beetles

Byrrhoidea — families including long-toed water beetles, moss beetles and mud-loving beetles

Dascilloidea

Elateroidea — including the click beetles and soldier beetles

Rhinorhipoidea

Scirtoidea
Good Man Down
Good Man Down is the second album by Estonian indie rock band Ewert and The Two Dragons. It was released on April 15, 2011, as the follow-up to their debut album The Hills Behind The Hills. Upon release, the album was met with positive response from critics and was nominated for four awards for Estonian Music Awards, of which it won all. The album was the best-selling album of 2011 and 2012 in Estonia. On June 25, 2013, the album was re-released in the US by Sire Records and Warner Bros. Records.

Album cover
An album cover (also referred to as album art) is the front packaging art of a commercially released studio album or other audio recordings. The term can refer to:

the printed paperboard covers typically used to package:
sets of 10 in (25 cm) and 12 in (30 cm) 78 rpm records
singles and sets of 12 in (30 cm) long-play records
sets of 45 rpm records (either in several connected sleeves or a box)

the front-facing panel of:
a cassette J-card
a CD package

the primary image accompanying a digital download of the album (or of its individual tracks).

For all tangible records, the album art also serves as a part of the protective sleeve.
H. G. Wood Professor of Theology
The H.G. Wood Professor of the Philosophy of Religion (formerly known as H.G. Wood Professor of Theology) is a chair at the University of Birmingham associated with the School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion. The chair was established in 1961 and named after a Quaker theologian H. G. Wood at Birmingham. The first post-holder was Ninian Smart, who was succeeded by John Hick. Along with Nolloth Professor of the Philosophy of the Christian Religion at Oxford and Norris–Hulse Professor of Divinity at Cambridge it is one of three main endowed chairs in the UK focusing on philosophy of religion.

Nolloth Professor of the Philosophy of the Christian Religion
The Nolloth Professor of the Philosophy of the Christian Religion is a chair at the University of Oxford, associated with Oriel College. The chair was established in 1920 by an endowment from Charles Frederick Nolloth, on the basis of lectures delivered by Clement Webb. The post holder is to "lecture and give instruction in the Philosophy of the Christian Religion including Apologetics, that is, the setting forth of the reasonableness as well as the authority of the Christian Religion, and shall generally promote the study of those subjects in the University."
Haemanthus pumilio
Haemanthus pumilio is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte that belongs to the genus Haemanthus and is part of the fynbos and Renosterveld. The species are endemic to the Western Cape and occur at Stellenbosch. The plant has lost 60% of its habitat in the last 90 years with at least 20% occurring in the last 60 years due to crop cultivation and development. There are currently two subpopulations left consisting of approximately 2000 plants. These plants are threatened by illegal collection by horticulturists, uncontrolled fires and destruction by locusts and rodents.

Renosterveld
Renosterveld is a term used for one of the major plant communities and vegetation types of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Floral Kingdom) which is located in southwestern and southeastern South Africa, in southernmost Africa. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Physical verification
Physical verification is a process whereby an integrated circuit layout (IC layout) design is verified via EDA software tools to ensure correct electrical and logical functionality and manufacturability. Verification involves design rule check (DRC), layout versus schematic (LVS), XOR (exclusive OR), antenna checks and electrical rule check (ERC).

Layout versus schematic
The layout versus schematic (LVS) is the class of electronic design automation (EDA) verification software that determines whether a particular integrated circuit layout corresponds to the original schematic or circuit diagram of the design.
Pratt & Whitney PT1
The Pratt & Whitney PT1 (US military designation T32) was a free-piston gas turbine project developed in the early 1940s. The project never progressed beyond ground test units, and was cancelled in 1945 in favor of developing the PT2 (T34) turboprop. The development of the PT1 gave Pratt & Whitney engineers valuable experience in designing gas turbines that it would later apply to projects that resulted in the Pratt & Whitney JT3 turbojet engine.

Pratt & Whitney T34
The Pratt & Whitney T34 (company designation PT2 Turbo-Wasp) is an American axial flow turboprop engine designed and built by Pratt & Whitney. Its only major application was on the Douglas C-133 Cargomaster.
Nutter, Netherlands
Nutter is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Dinkelland, and lies about 13 km north of Oldenzaal.

It was first mentioned in 1297 as Nuthere. The etymology is unclear. In 1840, it was home to 194 people. There are direction signs to Nutter, but no place name signs that you have arrived.

Oldenzaal
Oldenzaal (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔldə(n)ˌzaːl] ⓘ; Tweants: Oldnzel) is a municipality and a city in the eastern province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. It is part of the region of Twente and is close to the German border.

It received city rights in 1249. Historically, the city was part of the Hanseatic League as a subsidiary city of the fellow Hanseatic city of Deventer.

Located on the A1 motorway from Amsterdam to Germany, Oldenzaal also has a rail connection to Hengelo and Bad Bentheim.

As of December 2022 Oldenzaal has a population of 31,958 people.

In the Netherlands, Oldenzaal is well known for its carnival festivities. During the carnival season Oldenzaal is known as "Boeskool-stad" which is a local dialect of the word Cabbage-town. During the main carnival weekend over 100,000 people come for the big parade showing high and mighty carnival trucks.
Red Mountain (King County, Washington)
Red Mountain is a 5,890-foot (1,795-metre) mountain summit located in King County of Washington state. It is set within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness which is part of the Cascade Range. Red Mountain is situated three miles north of Snoqualmie Pass on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is Lundin Peak, 0.7 mi (1.1 km) to the northwest. Precipitation runoff on the north side of the mountain drains into Middle Fork of the Snoqualmie River, whereas the south side of the mountain drains into the South Fork Snoqualmie River via Commonwealth Creek.

Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest
The Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest in Washington is a National Forest extending more than 140 miles (230 km) along the western slopes of the Cascade Range from the Canada–US border to the northern boundary of Mount Rainier National Park. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, which has headquarter offices for this forest in Everett. Local ranger district offices are in North Bend and Skykomish.
Dick's Picks Volume 8
Dick's Picks Volume 8 is the eighth live album in the Dick's Picks series of releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on May 2, 1970, at Harpur College (now Binghamton University) in Binghamton, New York. It was released in mid-1997.

The album contains the entire concert, except for one song — "Cold Rain and Snow", which was played between "Good Lovin'" and "It's a Man's Man's Man's World".  The first two verses of "St. Stephen" are also missing.  The first set of the concert was acoustic, and was recorded in stereo.  The second and third sets were electric, and were recorded in monaural.

In a 1993 poll of Grateful Dead tape traders, the 5/2/70 show was ranked #6 on the list of all-time favorite Dead concert tapes.

Phil Lesh
Philip Chapman Lesh (March 15, 1940 – October 25, 2024) was an American musician and a founding member of the Grateful Dead, with whom he developed a unique style of  improvised six-string bass guitar. He was their bassist throughout their 30-year career.

After the group disbanded in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with a side project, Phil Lesh and Friends, which paid homage to the Dead's music by playing their repertoire, as well as songs by members of his own group. Lesh operated a music venue called Terrapin Crossroads. From 2009 to 2014, he performed in Furthur alongside former Grateful Dead bandmate Bob Weir.  He scaled back touring in 2014 but continued to perform concerts.
Unterburg, Regensberg
Unterburg (English: Lower Castle) or Unterstadt (Lower Town) is the lower section of the medieval municipality of Regensberg, Switzerland, which was founded as a hilltop fortified settlement. The 13th-century Regensberg Castle is located in Oberburg (Upper Castle), which is enclosed by the town wall, partly formed by two rows of houses which were constructed in the late 17th century.

Unterburg was likely built in the 14th century, and is separated from Oberburg by a gate. It climbs a steady hill in an eastward direction from Wehntelstrasse in Regensberg's old town (altstadt), before turning north at the summit's gate.

The beginning of Unterburg viewed from Wehntalstrasse, looking east

Schoolhouse fountain (Schulhausbrunnen) (1868)

Passing through Regensberg's old town (altstadt)

Looking east to Dielsdorf from just outside the gate to Oberburg

Gate, looking south from Oberburg

Regensberg
Regensberg (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈreːɡn̩sbɛrɡ]) is a municipality in the Dielsdorf District of the Swiss canton of Zurich. It is located just to the west of Dielsdorf municipality, on a 617 m (2,024 ft)-ridge of the Lägern.
Will H. Hays
William Harrison Hays Sr. (/heɪz/; November 5, 1879 – March 7, 1954) was an American politician, and member of the Republican Party. As chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1918 to 1921, Hays managed the successful 1920 presidential campaign of Warren G. Harding. Harding then appointed Hays to his cabinet as his first Postmaster General. He resigned from the cabinet in 1922 to become the first chairman of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America. As chairman, Hays oversaw the promulgation of the Motion Picture Production Code (informally known as the Hays Code), which spelled out a set of moral guidelines for the self-censorship of content in American cinema.

United States Postmaster General
The United States postmaster general (PMG) is the chief executive officer of the United States Postal Service (USPS). The PMG is responsible for managing and directing the day-to-day operations of the agency.

The PMG is selected and appointed by the Board of Governors of the Postal Service, which is appointed by the president. The postmaster general then also sits on the board. The PMG does not serve at the president's pleasure and can only be dismissed by the Board of Governors. The appointment of the postmaster general does not require Senate confirmation. The governors and the postmaster general elect the deputy postmaster general.

The current postmaster general is David Steiner, who has served in the role since July 14, 2025.
Stirling & District Amateur Football Association
The Stirling & District Amateur Football Association (SDAFA) is a football (soccer) league comamateurpetition, primarily for amateur clubs in the Stirlingshire area of Scotland.  It was formed in 1947.  The association is affiliated to the Scottish Amateur Football Association.

Scottish Amateur Football Association
The Scottish Amateur Football Association (SAFA) is the organising body for amateur football across Scotland. An affiliate of the Scottish Football Association, the SAFA has in turn 50 regional associations affiliated to it and some 67 different league competitions organised by these associations. There is estimated to be over 35,000 amateur footballers in Scotland, and all of their competitions are co-ordinated at some level by the Scottish Amateur Football Association. The SAFA was formed in 1909 with the purpose of legislating for and fostering the amateur level of football in Scotland.
Oregon Route 207
Oregon Route 207 is an Oregon state highway running from U.S. Route 26 in Mitchell to U.S. Route 730 near Cold Springs Junction.  OR 207 is 152.30 miles (245.10 km) long and runs north–south.

Part of OR 207 is included in the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway.

U.S. Route 26 in Oregon
U.S. Route 26 (US 26) is a major cross-state United States Numbered Highway with its western terminus in the U.S. state of Oregon, connecting US 101 on the Oregon Coast near Seaside with the Idaho state line east of Nyssa. Local highway names include the Sunset Highway No. 47, Mount Hood Highway No. 26, and John Day Highway No. 5 before continuing into Idaho and beyond.
Estadio Domingo Burgueño
Estadio Domingo Burgueño is a multi-use stadium in Maldonado, Uruguay.  It is used mostly for football matches.  The stadium holds 22,000 people and was built in 1994.

It hosted games during the 1995 Copa América, 1999 South American Under-17 Football Championship and 2003 South American Youth Championship, as well as the Punta Del Este Sevens rugby tournament from 1989 to 2014 and later since 2017.

It is home of Deportivo Maldonado in the Uruguayan Primera División. Also, Rocha FC and Atenas de San Carlos have played home matches at the stadium.

Deportivo Maldonado
Club Deportivo Maldonado is a football club from Maldonado, Uruguay. They currently play in the Uruguayan Segunda División following their relegation from the Uruguayan Primera División at the end of the 2024 season.
Lists of English translations from medieval sources
The lists of English translations from medieval sources provide overviews of notable medieval documents—historical, scientific, ecclesiastical and literary—that have been translated into English. This includes the original author, translator(s) and the translated document. Translations are from Old and Middle English, Old French, Irish, Scots, Old Dutch, Old Norse or Icelandic, Italian, Latin, Arabic, Greek, Persian, Syriac, Ethiopic, Coptic, Armenian, Hebrew and German, and most works cited are generally available in the University of Michigan's HathiTrust digital library and OCLC's WorldCat. Anonymous works are presented by topic.

Mystery play
Mystery plays and miracle plays are among the earliest formally developed plays in medieval Europe. Medieval mystery plays focused on the representation of Bible stories in churches as tableaux with accompanying antiphonal song. They told of subjects such as the Creation, Adam and Eve, the murder of Abel, and the Last Judgment. Often they were performed together in cycles which could last for days.
Marc Lombard
Marc Lombard from Thun, Switzerland (born March 9) was the Director of the Kandersteg International Scout Centre and the Chairman of the Kandersteg International Scout Centre Foundation.

In 2016, Lombard was awarded the 349th Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Lombard studied Sport Management at the University of Fribourg, is the chief executive officer at "Bildungswerkstatt Bergwald" educational institution, and lives in Belp, Switzerland.

Bronze Wolf Award
The World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf Award is presented by it for outstanding international service by an individual to the Scout Movement.

The award consists of a bronze wolf pendant hung on a dark green ribbon bordered by two narrow stripes of yellow.

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) has awarded just over 400 Bronze Wolf Awards since it inaugurated its award in 1935. WOSM has restricted the number of recipients in order to maintain the award's significance. Currently, the award is limited to approximately one recipient for every two million members worldwide.
Haeundae Market
Haeundae Market (Korean: 해운대시장; Hanja: 海雲臺市場), also called Haeundae Traditional Market, is a traditional market in Haeundae District, Busan, South Korea. The market formed organically. It was open by 1910. It received official recognition status on May 7, 2005. It was renovated in August 2008.

It has a total area of 9,355 m2 (100,700 sq ft), and around 156 businesses total. There are a variety of street food stalls, fresh produce and seafood sellers, and restaurants in the market. Many of the merchants are members of an association that manages the marketplace. The market is reportedly a major source of tourism for the area; people who visited the market often visit restaurants nearby it.

The market is nearby other tourist attractions, including Dongbaekseom and Dalmaji Road.

Dongbaekseom
Dongbaekseom (Korean: 동백섬; lit. camellia island) is a former island in U-dong, Busan, South Korea. It is located on the west end of the Haeundae Beach. It was designated as a monument of Busan on March 9, 1999.
Tehriyali dialect
Tehriyali or (Gangapariya) or simply (Tehri Garhwali) is a dialect of Garhwali, belonging to the Central Pahari group (per Grierson). It is mostly spoken  in the Tehri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand state.

Garhwali language
Garhwali (गढ़वळि, IPA: [gɜɽʱʋɜɭiˑ], in native pronunciation) is an Indo-Aryan language of the Central Pahari subgroup. It is primarily spoken by over 2.4 million Garhwali people in the Garhwal division of the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand in the Indian Himalayas.

Garhwali has a number of regional dialects. It is not an endangered language (Ethnologue lists it as "vigorous"), it is nonetheless designated as "vulnerable" in UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, which indicates that the language requires consistent conservation efforts.