hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abraham Lincoln and slavery
Abraham Lincoln's position on slavery in the United States is one of the most discussed aspects of his life. Lincoln frequently expressed his moral opposition to slavery. However, the question of what to do about it and how to end it, given that it was so firmly embedded in the nation's constitutional framework and in the economy of much of the country, even though concentrated in only the Southern United States, was complex and politically challenging. There was also the question, which Lincoln had to deal with, of what would become of the four million slaves if liberated: how they would earn a living in a society that had almost always rejected them or looked down on their very presence.

Michael Lind
Michael Lind (born April 23, 1962) is an American writer and academic. He has explained and defended the tradition of American democratic nationalism in a number of books, beginning with The Next American Nation: The New Nationalism and the Fourth American Revolution (1995). He is currently a professor at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin.
2017 Fukuoka International Women's Cup
The 2017 Fukuoka International Women's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor carpet courts. It was the seventeenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $60,000 in prize money. It took place in Fukuoka, Japan, from 8–14 May 2017.

2017 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2017 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
Amador Ledger-Dispatch
The Amador Ledger-Dispatch is a weekly newspaper in Jackson, California. The paper covers news in Amador County and Calaveras County. It first published in 1855 and has been owned by the Jackson Rancheria Band of Miwuk Indians since 2016.

Amador County, California
Amador County (/ˈæmədɔːr/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,474. The county seat is Jackson. Amador County, located within California's Gold Country, is known as "The Heart of the Mother Lode." There is a substantial viticulture industry in the county.
Bipalium fuscatum
Bipalium fuscatum is a species of land planarian first described by William Stimpson in 1857. It has been found in Japan, Indonesia, and in parts of continental South Asia and East Asia such as China, India and Korea. This hammerhead flatworm may be able to survive for days in a human lung as a pseudoparasite. Unlike the two closely related Bipalium nobile and the  Bipalium multilineatum, the Bipalium fuscatum does not segment, and does not reproduce asexually by fragmentation.

Bipalium
Bipalium is a genus of large predatory land planarians. They are often loosely called "hammerhead worms" or "broadhead planarians" because of the distinctive shape of their head region. Land planarians are unique in that they possess a "creeping sole", a highly ciliated region on the ventral epidermis that helps them to creep over the substrate. Native to Asia, several species are  invasive to the United States, Canada, and Europe. Some studies have begun the investigation of the evolutionary ecology of these invasive planarians.
François Chéreau
François Chéreau, also known as François I Chéreau (20 March 1680 in Blois, Orléanais – 16 April 1729 in Paris) was an engraver of portraits and reproductions of famous works of art during the reign of Louis XIV.

Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture
The Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (French: [akademi ʁwajal də pɛ̃tyʁ e də skyltyʁ]; English: "Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture") was founded in 1648 in Paris, France. It was the premier art institution of France during the latter part of the Ancien Régime until it was abolished in 1793 during the French Revolution. It included most of the important painters and sculptors, maintained almost total control of teaching and exhibitions, and afforded its members preference in royal commissions.
Karşıyaka railway station
Karşıyaka is a historic railway station currently in use on the İZBAN commuter rail system in the famous Karşıyaka district of İzmir. The station is located at the northern end of the Karşıyaka Çarşı (Main Street). The station is located underground in the Karşıyaka Tunnel. It is the busiest İZBAN station in terms of passengers, serving approximately 8,380 passengers daily. The station is also a transfer point for minibus services to nearby towns.

Karşıyaka
Karşıyaka (Turkish: [kaɾʃɯˈjaka]) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 51 km2, and its population is 346,264 (2022). The district extends for twelve kilometres along the northern and eastern coastline of the tip of the Gulf of İzmir. Its centre is at a distance of 6 km (4 mi) to the north from the traditional centre of İzmir, which is Konak Square in Konak at the opposite coast. Karşıyaka's district area neighbours the district areas of Menemen to the north, Bornova to the east and Çiğli to the west. Besides being an active venue of commerce, culture and educational activities and tourism, Karşıyaka also has an urban culture centred on the sports club Karşıyaka SK, which commands a large and passionate fan base.
Orobanche reticulata
Orobanche reticulata is a species of broomrape known by the common name thistle broomrape. It is a parasitic plant whose host is normally the creeping thistle. It is native to the lowlands of Western Europe and Central Asia, but in the United Kingdom it is a rare and protected plant, growing only in Yorkshire, on grassland sites such as Quarry Moor.

Orobanche
Orobanche, commonly known as broomrape, is a genus of almost 200 species of small parasitic herbaceous plants, mostly native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. It is the type genus of the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It is a weed on broadleaf crop plants in Australia, where some states enforce mandatory destruction and reporting, as well as prohibition of sale.
1973 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship
The 1973 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship was the 73rd staging of the Antrim Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Antrim County Board in 1901.

O'Donovan Rossa entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 9 September 1973 at Pearse Park in Dunloy, between St John's and McQuillan Ballycastle, in what was their first meeting in the final in four years. St John's won the match by 4–10 to 3–12 to claim their seventh championship title overall and a first title in four years.

1972 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship
The 1972 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship was the 72nd staging of the Antrim Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Antrim County Board in 1901.

Loughgiel Shamrocks entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 17 September 1972 at Páirc Mac Uílín in Ballycastle, between O'Donovan Rossa and St John's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. O'Donovan Rossa won the match by 2–15 to 3–11 to claim their 11th championship title overall and a first title in 12 years.
Sciusceddu
Sciusceddu (Sicilian: [çʊçˈçɛɖɖʊ]) is a Sicilian soup prepared using meatballs and broken eggs as primary ingredients, served as a traditional Easter dish in the city of Messina. Additional ingredients used include broth, caciocavallo and ricotta cheeses, parsley, salt and pepper. It can be prepared in a similar style to egg drop soup.

Caciocavallo
Caciocavallo (Italian: [ˌkatʃokaˈvallo]) is a type of pasta filata ('stretched-curd') cheese made out of sheep's or cow's milk. It is produced throughout southern Italy, particularly in the Apennine Mountains and in the Gargano peninsula. Shaped like a teardrop, it is similar in taste to the aged southern Italian provolone cheese, with a hard edible rind.
2007–08 Twenty20 Big Bash
The 2007–08 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash was the 3rd season of the official Twenty20 domestic cricket in Australia. Six teams representing six states in Australia participated in the competition. The competition began on 31 December 2007 when the Queensland Bulls took on two-time champions the Victorian Bushrangers at the new Tony Ireland Stadium in Thuringowa.  Another match between the Western Warriors and the previous year's finalists the Tasmanian Tigers was held on the same day at the WACA Ground.

This season comprised 15 regular matches, instead of twelve from the 2006–07 season.  This allowed each team to play every other team once.

2006–07 Twenty20 Big Bash
The 2006–07 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash was the second season of official Twenty20 domestic cricket in Australia.  Six teams representing six states in Australia participated in the competition.  The competition was won by the Victorian Bushrangers for the second time after they defeated the Tasmanian Tigers at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
D.A.D. Special
D.A.D. Special is a compilation album by the Danish rock group D-A-D. The compilation was released on 1 December 1989 in Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland only.
It contains tracks from the group's two first albums, Call of the Wild and D.A.D. Draws a Circle, and also form their debut EP Standin' on the Never Never.

Call of the Wild (D-A-D album)
Call of the Wild is the first studio album by Danish rock band D-A-D, at the time known as Disneyland After Dark. The album was released on 4 February 1986 by Mega Records.
The album has been received with mixed reviews. The genre of the album is more country than the hard rock of their later albums. The two tracks "Marlboro Man" and "It's After Dark" are sometimes still played at their concerts, and can also be found on some of their live albums. The album was produced by Norwegian-born Frank Marstokk, a musician and producer who was A&R at Mega Records.
Ismailia Air Base
Ismailia Air Base El Qūwāt El Gawīyä El Maṣrīyä is an air base of the Egyptian Air Force located approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west-northwest of the city of Ismailia; 116 kilometres (72 mi) northeast of Cairo, Egypt.

North American B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American medium bomber that was introduced in 1941 and named in honor of Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, a pioneer of U.S. military aviation. Used by many Allied air forces, the B-25 served in every theater of World War II, and after the war ended, many remained in service, operating across four decades. Produced in numerous variants, nearly 10,000 B-25s were built. It was the most-produced American medium bomber and the third-most-produced American bomber overall. These included several limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainer, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber.
Walter Trautzsch
Walter Trautzsch (16 March 1903 – 23 September 1971) was a German political activist who engaged as an anti-fascist resistance fighter during the Hitler years. Between 1936 and his arrest in 1939 he worked secretly as a courier for the Communist Party leader, Ernst Thälmann.

(Although Thälmann was being held in solitary confinement, he was able to receive parcels and visits from his wife, and indeed had a larger than average cell to facilitate visits: they conversed, in part, by writing messages in chalk on a board in order to thwart listening devices.)

Paul Merker
Paul Merker (1 February 1894 – 13 May 1969) was a German trade unionist and politician of the Communist Party of Germany who later became a leading official of East Germany's ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany.

Merker featured for several years in the show trial culture of the time, placed under a lengthy investigation process that formally began in 1950, and jailed for eight years as a spy in 1955. Released less than a year later, he appeared as a reluctant witness against his friend Walter Janka at another show trial in 1957.
Mynydd Llangorse
Mynydd Llangorse is a mountain on the western edge of the Black Mountains in the Brecon Beacons National Park in Powys, south Wales. It lies two miles east of Llangors and its lake and 5 miles south of Talgarth. Its summit at 515m (1690 feet) overtops the location 600m to the south at which a trig point is sited by 9m. The broad spur of Cefn Moel extends south towards the village of Bwlch whilst a spur to the southeast forms Pen Tir which reaches just over 450m above sea level.
It is a Marilyn with a prominence of 161 metres.

Talgarth
Talgarth is a market town, community and electoral ward in southern Powys, Mid Wales,  about 12 miles (19 km) north of Crickhowell, 19 miles (31 km) north-east of Brecon and 15 miles (24 km) south-east of Builth Wells. Notable buildings in the town include the 14th-century parish church and a defensive tower house. According to traditional accounts, Talgarth was the capital of the early medieval kingdom of Brycheiniog. It is in the historic county of Brecknockshire. In 2011, it had a population of 1,724.
Trethurgy
Trethurgy (Cornish: Tredhevergi) is a village in the parish of Treverbyn, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is about two miles northeast of St Austell. Carne Farm, Trethurgy is the birthplace of Silvanus Trevail, a president of the Society of Architects and the architect of many well known Cornish hotels such as the Headland Hotel, Newquay and the Carbis Bay Hotel, Carbis Bay.

Carbis Bay
Carbis Bay (Cornish: Porthreptor) is a seaside resort and village in Cornwall, England. It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of St Ives, on the western coast of St Ives Bay, on the Atlantic coast. The South West Coast Path passes above the beach.
Abu Sidrah
Abu Sidrah (Arabic: أَبُو سِدْرَة, romanized: Abū Sidrah) is a village in northwest Qatar located in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya. According to the Ministry of Environment, there were about five households in the village in 2014.

It is accessible through Al Jemailiya Road. The settlements of Al Suwaihliya, to the north, and Al Jemailiya, to the south, are nearby.

Al Jemailiya
Al Jemailiya (Arabic: الجميلية, romanized: Al Jumaylīyah) is a town  in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya, Qatar. It used to be the seat of Al Jemailiya Municipality before it was incorporated into Al Rayyan Municipality in 2004. In 2014, the town was incorporated into the newly created Al-Shahaniya Municipality. The town is roughly 30 km (19 mi) north-west of the Al-Shahaniya Exit of Dukhan Highway. It has been designated a District Centre for Al-Shahaniya Municipality, meaning that it is being developed to serve the needs of nearby communities, such as Al Suwaihliya.
Fort du Mont Bart
Fort du Mont Bart is located to the south of Montbéliard, France. It was built between November 1874 and July 1877 as part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications. The fort overlooks the valleys of the Doubs and the Allan at an elevation of 497 metres (1,631 ft), standing to the south and rear of the fortified region of Belfort and in control of the road to Besançon. The fort was intended to augment the Belfort fortifications and to prevent an enemy from bypassing them. 
The most striking feature of the Fort du Mont Bart is its "interior street", originally constructed in the open air as a sunken court, then covered before World War I with reinforced concrete.

Séré de Rivières system
The Séré de Rivières system was an ensemble of fortifications built from 1874 along the frontiers, ridges and coasts of France. The fortifications were named after their architect, Brigadier-General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. The fortresses were obsolescent by 1914 but were used during the First World War.
Phire CMS
Phire CMS (pronounced "fire") is an open source content management system and publishing platform for managing the content of websites and web applications. Phire CMS is licensed under the new BSD license, is written using the MySQL database and the PHP programming language.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
Dondinho
João Ramos do Nascimento (2 October 1917 – 16 November 1996), nicknamed Dondinho, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a centre forward. He was the father, mentor and trainer of Pelé. During his own playing career, Dondinho played for a number of clubs, including Atlético Mineiro. He became known as "Maleável" due to his ability to score headers.

Itajubá
Itajubá is a municipality in southeastern Minas Gerais state of the Federative Republic of Brazil. It lies in a valley by the Sapucaí river and has terrain elevations ranging from 827 to 1500 metres, occupying an area of 290.45 km2 (112.14 mi2), with a population of 97,334 people (2020 est). Neighboring the city are the mountain slopes of the Serra da Mantiqueira range. The climate sees heavy rain in the summer months with dry weather in the winter.

The city is a center with direct influence over 14 other municipalities of a region (called "Microregião do Sapucaí") that contains  6% of the population of Minas Gerais state. The local economy is based mainly on industry and agriculture.  There are industries of auto parts, fiber optics, textile, electronic components, helicopters (Helibrás), and military weapons (IMBEL). In agriculture, most of the production is coffee, banana, potatoes, and is centred in the vicinity of Maria da Fé city where the climate is cooler.
Sayre City Park
The Sayre City Park is a public park located along historic U.S. Route 66 on the south end of Sayre, Oklahoma. The park formally opened in 1940; however, the land had been owned by the city and used informally as a park for several years prior. The Works Progress Administration built the park's structures according to plans designed by J.N. Willis. The park's bathhouse and swimming pool, the dominant features of the park, have a Pueblo Revival design with ornamental vigas. Other park features include a miniature golf course, a gazebo, and tennis courts. The park attracted both locals and travelers on Route 66, who regularly camped in the park. A local business district also developed around the park, primarily to serve tourists.

The park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 2004.

Pueblo Revival architecture
The Pueblo Revival style or Santa Fe style is a regional architectural style of the Southwestern United States, which draws its inspiration from Santa Fe de Nuevo México's traditional Pueblo architecture, the Spanish missions, and Territorial Style. The style developed at the beginning of the 20th century and reached its greatest popularity in the 1920s and 1930s, though it is still commonly used for new buildings. Pueblo traditional architecture is most prevalent in the state of New Mexico; it is often blended with Territorial Revival architecture.
Rehabilitation Project Force
The Rehabilitation Project Force, or RPF, is the Church of Scientology's program for members of its Sea Organization who have allegedly violated expectations or policies. This may include members who are deemed to have hidden evil intentions towards Scientology, members who are unproductive in their work or who produce poor-quality work.

The program includes manual labor tasks and the study of L. Ron Hubbard's works. The rehabilitation program may take more than a year to complete, and the Church has been accused of overworking and mistreating its participants. Scholars, journalists, and former scientologists have characterized the RPF as a forced labor and re-indoctrination program comparable to the Soviet gulag system.

Auditing (Scientology)
Auditing, also called processing, is a central practice in Scientology in which a trained "auditor" asks structured questions intended to help the participant, or "preclear", identify and address past experiences and emotional difficulties. The process typically involves the use of an E-meter, a device that measures changes in electrical resistance in the body and is presented by the Church of Scientology as a spiritual tool. Scientology teaches that auditing increases self-awareness and spiritual ability, and is the primary means of progressing along the movement's Bridge to Total Freedom. Scholars and critics have described auditing as a form of psychological conditioning and have raised serious concerns about its methods and claims. Auditing has also drawn legal and regulatory scrutiny with regard to the E-meter and Scientology's therapeutic assertions.
Bohdan Stupka
Bohdan Sylvestrovych Stupka (Ukrainian: Богдан Сильвестрович Ступка; 27 August 1941 – 22 July 2012) was a Ukrainian actor and minister of culture of Ukraine. He was born in Kulykiv, General Government to Ukrainian parents. In 2001, he was a member of the jury at the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival. At the 26th Moscow International Film Festival he won the award for Best Actor for his role in Our Own.

Stupka played in more than a hundred roles in films and over fifty in theaters. Stupka was awarded the titles Merited Artist of Ukraine, People's Artist of the USSR, and Hero of Ukraine.

Bohdan Stupka was buried in Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv.

His son Ostap Stupka is also an actor.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Pantosteus jarrovii
Pantosteus jarrovii, the Zuni bluehead sucker, is a species of fish only found in Arizona and New Mexico in the United States. Formerly placed in the genus Catostomus and as a subspecies of the related bluehead sucker (P. discolobus), it is now placed as its own species in the genus Pantosteus.

Catostomus
Catostomus is a genus of fish belonging to the family Catostomidae, commonly known as suckers. This genus of fish usually lives in freshwater basins. Most members of the genus are native to North America, but C. catostomus is also found in Russia. A majority of species inhabit western North America, with only C. catostomus, C. commersonii, and C. utawana being found in eastern North America.
EuroBasket 2013 Group B
Group B of the EuroBasket 2013 took place between 4 and 9 September 2013. The group played all of its games at Podmežakla Hall in Jesenice, Slovenia.

The group composed of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. The three best ranked teams advanced to the second round.

EuroBasket 2013
EuroBasket 2013 was the 38th edition of the EuroBasket championship that was organized by FIBA Europe. It took place from 4 September until 22 September 2013 in Slovenia. The number of participating teams was 24.

France defeated Lithuania in the final to win their first title. Tony Parker was named the tournament's MVP.