hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jarma, Pakistan
Jarma (Urdu: جرما) is an administrative unit known as union council of Kohat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Kohat has 2 Tehsils: Kohat and Lachi. Each Tehsil comprises certain number of union councils.  There are 32 union councils in district Kohat.

Kohat
Kohat (Urdu and Hindko: کوہاٹ; Pashto: کوهاټ) is a city in Pakistan that serves as the capital of the Kohat District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. With a population of over 220,000 people, the city is the fourth most populous in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the 35th most populous in Pakistan. Kohat's immediate environs were the site of frequent armed skirmishes between British colonial forces and local tribesmen in the mid to late 19th century. The city is centred on a British-era fort, various bazaars, and a military cantonment. Pashto and the Kohati dialect of Hindko are the main languages spoken in Kohat.

The city of Kohat is also the namesake of and largest city in the Kohat Division, being over four times larger than the second-largest city in the division: Karak.
Master of Middle-Earth
Master of Middle-earth: The Fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien, alternatively subtitled The Achievement of J.R.R. Tolkien, is a 1972 book of literary criticism of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth fantasy writings, written by Paul H. Kocher, and one of the few to be published in Tolkien's lifetime. It focuses especially on The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit, and also covers some of his minor works such as "Leaf by Niggle" and "Smith of Wootton Major".

At a time when scholars were largely critical of Tolkien and his prose style, it both praised his writing and, in the absence of either The Silmarillion or Christopher Tolkien's The History of Middle-earth on the process of creation of Tolkien's fiction, it correctly inferred many of his major themes. It was one of the earliest book-length analyses of Tolkien's work, winning Kocher the 1973 Mythopoeic Society's Scholarship in Inkling Studies Award.

Middle-earth peoples
The fictional races and peoples that appear in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth include the seven listed in Appendix F of The Lord of the Rings: Elves, Men, Dwarves, Hobbits, Ents, Orcs and Trolls, as well as spirits such as the Valar and Maiar. Other beings of Middle-earth are of unclear nature such as Tom Bombadil and his wife Goldberry.
Robert T. Schooley
Robert "Chip" T. Schooley (born November 10, 1949) is an American infectious disease physician, who is the Vice Chair of Academic Affairs, Senior Director of International Initiatives, and Co-Director at the Center for Innovative Phage Applications and Therapeutics (IPATH), at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine. He is an expert in HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) infection and treatment, and in 2016, was the first physician to treat a patient in the United States with intravenous bacteriophage therapy for a systemic bacterial infection.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, /ˈnaɪ.æd/) is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NIAID's mission is to conduct basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.

NIAID has on-campus laboratories in Maryland and Hamilton, Montana, and funds research conducted by scientists at institutions in the United States and throughout the world. NIAID also works closely with partners in academia, industry, government, and non-governmental organizations in multifaceted and multidisciplinary efforts to address emerging health challenges such as the H1N1/09 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Douglas Nation
Douglas Codrington Nation (31 March 1916 – 29 December 1997) was an English cricketer with but one first-class appearance to his name. This was the Ranji Trophy semi-final in 1941/42: for Northern India against Bombay, Nation batted at number eleven and did not bowl in either innings, in spite of the fact that seven of his teammates did.  With Aidan and Spencer Crawley, he is part of the only set of two grandfathers and a grandson to play the first-class game.

Spencer Crawley
Spencer Henry Crawley (born 5 August 1987) is an English businessman and former cricketer. He is the co-founder and General Partner at firstminute capital, a $500m venture capital firm based in London, investing across Europe.
Sambazon
Sambazon, Inc. is a privately held American company based in San Clemente, California and founded in 2000. The company makes and sells açaí-based food and beverages. Its açaì-based smoothies, juices, and other Sambazon smoothies are sold in packages.

Açaí palm
The açaí palm (/əˈsaɪ.iː/ ə-SY-ee; Portuguese: [asaˈi] ⓘ, from Nheengatu asai), Euterpe oleracea, is a species of palm tree (Arecaceae) cultivated for its fruit (açaí berries, or simply açaí), hearts of palm (a vegetable), leaves, and trunk wood. Global demand for the fruit has expanded rapidly in the 21st century, and the tree is cultivated for that purpose primarily.

The species is native to eastern Amazonia, especially in Brazil, mainly in swamps and floodplains. Açaí palms are tall, slender trees growing to more than 25 m (82 ft) tall, with pinnate leaves up to 3 m (9.8 ft) long. The fruit is small, round, and black-purple in color. The fruit became a staple food in floodplain areas around the 18th century, but its consumption in urban areas and promotion as a health food only began in the mid-1990s along with the popularization of other Amazonian fruits outside the region.
Haaga
Haaga (Swedish: Haga köping) is a district and a former municipality in the Western major district of Helsinki with a population of 25,435.

Haaga is divided into four subareas, which are Pohjois-Haaga (northern Haaga), Etelä-Haaga (southern Haaga), Kivihaka and Lassila. It is home to the Haaga Rhododendron Park.

Haaga has two railway stations: Huopalahti railway station in south and Pohjois-Haaga railway station in north. Frequent users of the trains are students attending Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences, as their campuses are spread out between 25 and 45 minutes between each other by train.

Studies at the university include: business, finance, hospitality and tourism (including masters level), information technology, and management assistance. All these courses are available to exchange students interested in attending.

Huopalahti railway station
Huopalahti railway station (Finnish: Huopalahden rautatieasema, Swedish: Hoplax järnvägsstation) is a railway station on the Helsinki commuter rail network located in western Helsinki, Finland. It is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) north/northwest of Helsinki Central railway station.

The Raide-Jokeri light rail has a stop in the station underneath the tracks, sharing facilities with bus line 52.

The Finnish Heritage Agency has classified Huopalahti railway station as a nationally significant built cultural environment.
2021 Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba leadership election
The 2021 Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba leadership election was held on October 30, 2021. The internal party election was called as a result of Premier Brian Pallister, the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba, announcing his resignation on August 10, 2021. As the Progressive Conservative Party had a majority in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, their new leader would automatically become the 24th premier of Manitoba.

The winner, Heather Stefanson, became the first female premier of Manitoba, on November 2, 2021, by virtue of winning the internal party election.

Government of Manitoba
The powers and structure of the provincial Government of Manitoba (French: Gouvernement du Manitoba)  are set out in the Constitution Act, 1867.

In modern Canadian use, the term "government" refers broadly to the cabinet of the day (formally the Executive Council), elected from the Legislative Assembly and the non-political staff within each provincial department or agency – that is, the civil service.

The Province of Manitoba has a unicameral legislature, the Manitoba Legislature, consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and the Legislative Assembly, which operates in framework of a Westminster-style parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The political party that wins the largest number of seats in the legislature normally forms the government, and the party's leader becomes premier of the province, i.e., the head of the government.
Stacey Francis-Bayman
Stacey Francis-Bayman (née Francis, born 1 January 1988) is a former England netball international. She was a member of the England teams that won bronze medals at the 2010 Commonwealth Games and at the 2011 and 2015 Netball World Cups. At club level she has played for both Team Bath and Yorkshire Jets in the Netball Superleague, for Canterbury Tactix in the ANZ Championship and for West Coast Fever in Suncorp Super Netball. Between 2005–06 and 2013 she was a prominent member of the Team Bath squad as they won five Superleague titles. She played in the 2010 and 2013 grand finals and in both 2011 and 2013 she was named the Netball Superleague Player of the Season. In 2017 she was inducted into the University of Bath/Team Bath Hall of Fame for Sport.

2011 Netball Superleague season
The 2011 Netball Superleague season (known for sponsorship reasons as the FIAT Netball Superleague) was the sixth season of the Netball Superleague. The league was won by Hertfordshire Mavericks. In the grand final Hertfordshire Mavericks defeated Surrey Storm. For the first time, the season was completed in a single calendar year, starting on 22 January and concluding on 9 June with the grand final. Fiat Group Automobiles became the Netball Superleague's new sponsor.
Helen Campo
Helen Campo (born November 21, 1962) is an American flute virtuoso. She has held the flute chair on nine Broadway shows, including the long-running hit Wicked. Campo has recorded extensively for films, television, and albums, including the 2005 Grammy-winning cast album of Wicked.

Robert Stallman
Robert Stallman (1946–2019) was an American classical flutist, arranger, and music educator. He premiered several works by contemporary composers including Karel Husa, William Thomas McKinley, and Burr Van Nostrand, and was the first to record works by several others including John Harbison's Die Kuerze. In the 1990s, he recorded six albums of flute sonatas and concertos for the VAI label.
Gonioglyphioceratidae
Gonioglyphioceratidae is one of three families of the Gonioloboceratoidea superfamily. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.

Gonioloboceratoidea
Gonioloboceratoidea is one of seventeen superfamilies of the Goniatitina suborder. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopodes, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.
Iron(III) citrate
Ferric citrate or iron(III) citrate describes any of several complexes formed upon binding any of the several conjugate bases derived from citric acid with ferric ions.  Most of these complexes are orange or red-brown.  They contain two or more Fe(III) centers.

Ferric citrates contribute to the metabolism of iron by some organisms.  Citrates, which are released by plant roots and by some microorganisms, can solubilize iron compounds in the soil.  For example ferric hydroxide reacts with citrates to give form soluble complexes.  This solubilization provides a pathway for the absorption of the ferric ions by various organisms.

Ferric citrate is used in medicine to regulate the blood levels of iron in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis.  It acts by forming an insoluble compound with phosphate present in the diet and thus minimizing its uptake by the digestive system.

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide
Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide or ferric oxyhydroxide is the chemical compound of iron, oxygen, and hydrogen with formula FeO(OH).

The compound is often encountered as its hydrates - FeO(OH)·nH2O, e.g. in rust. The monohydrate FeO(OH)·H2O (sometimes incorrectly labelled Fe(OH)3) is often referred to as iron(III) hydroxide, hydrated iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, or Pigment Yellow 42.
Rubicundus eos
Rubicundus eos, commonly known as the pink hagfish, is a species of jawless fish in the family Myxinidae.

It was originally classified in the genus Eptatretus, but a 2013 analysis reclassified into the new genus Rubicundus, considered the sister genus to the rest of hagfish species. The specific epithet eos references Eos, the Greek goddess of the dawn, referencing its pink coloration.

It is native to deep waters of the Tasman Sea, likely in deep-water coral reefs. It is known only from a single specimen collected off the coast of New Zealand. Nothing is known about its life history or ecology.

Hagfish
Hagfish, of the class Myxini /mɪkˈsaɪnaɪ/ (also known as Hyperotreti) and order Myxiniformes /mɪkˈsɪnɪfɔːrmiːz/, are eel-shaped jawless fish (occasionally called slime eels). Hagfish are the only known living animals that have a skull but no vertebral column, although they do have rudimentary vertebrae. Hagfish are marine predators and scavengers that can defend themselves against other larger predators by releasing copious amounts of slime from mucous glands in their skin.

Although their exact relationship to the only other living group of jawless fish, the lampreys, was long the subject of controversy, genetic evidence suggests that hagfish and lampreys are more closely related to each other than to jawed vertebrates, thus forming the superclass Cyclostomi. The oldest-known stem group hagfish are known from the Late Carboniferous, around 310 million years ago, with modern representatives first being recorded in the mid-Cretaceous around 100 million years ago.
The Beatz Awards 2017
The 3rd The Beatz Awards was held at Muson Center in Lagos on December 16, 2017. On September 1, the organizers call for entries, to be submitted through its portal, from the year in review August 3, 2016 to September 30, 2017. Nominees were revealed on October 26, 2017. The live show was televised on STV, Nigezie TV, wapTV, TVC, and BEN Television.

The third edition was hosted by Seyi Law, and Angel Ufuoma.

The Beatz Awards
The Beatz Awards is a Nigerian awards music show first introduced on 13 November 2015, by Eliworld Int'l Limited, to recognize and celebrate outstanding achievements of the creative minds behind the music production, business, and distribution.
Intergroup dialogue
Intergroup dialogue is a "face-to-face facilitated conversation between members of two or more social identity groups that strives to create new levels of understanding, relating, and action". This process promotes conversation around controversial issues, specifically, in order to generate new "collective visions" that uphold the dignity of all people. Intergroup dialogue is based in the philosophies of the democratic and popular education movements. It is commonly used on college campuses, but may assume different namesakes in other settings.

Facilitator
A facilitator is a person who helps a group of people to work together better, understand their common objectives, and plan how to achieve these objectives, during meetings or discussions. In doing so, the facilitator remains "neutral", meaning they do not take a particular position in the discussion. Some facilitator tools will try to assist the group in achieving a consensus on any disagreements that preexist or emerge in the meeting so that it has a solid basis for future action.
Carbon Canyon (Malibu, California)
Carbon Canyon is a landform in the Santa Monica Mountains of California in the United States. Carbon Canyon Open Space was added as part of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area in 2020. Carbon Beach, sometimes called Billionaire's Beach, lies along the Pacific Ocean at the west end of the canyon. Carbon Canyon marked the border of one of the first residential subdivisions in the Malibu region, established by May Rindge around 1926.

Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area
The Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area (SMMNRA) is a national recreation area containing many individual parks and open space preserves, located primarily in Southern California's Santa Monica Mountains. Located in greater Los Angeles, two thirds of SMMNRA's parklands are in northwest Los Angeles County and the remaining third, including a Simi Hills extension, is in southeastern Ventura County. It is administered by the National Park Service in coordination with state, county, municipal, and university agencies.

In size, the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area is the largest urban national park in the world. It is also one of the best examples of a Mediterranean climate ecosystem and it protects one of the highest densities of archaeological resources in any mountain range in the world.
Marene
Marene is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 1 January 2017, it had a population of 3,248 and an area of 29.0 square kilometres (11.2 mi2).

Marene borders the following municipalities: Cavallermaggiore, Cervere, Cherasco, and Savigliano.

Savigliano
Savigliano (Piedmontese: Savijan) is a comune of Piedmont, Northern Italy, in the Province of Cuneo, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Turin by rail.

It is home to ironworks, foundries, locomotive works (once owned by Fiat Ferroviaria, now by Alstom) and silk manufactures, as well as sugar factories, printing works and cocoon-raising establishments.
Walter Pidgeon
Walter Davis Pidgeon (September 23, 1897 – September 25, 1984) was a Canadian-American actor. A major leading man during the Golden Age of Hollywood, known for his "portrayals of men who prove both sturdy and wise," Pidgeon earned two Academy Award nominations for Best Actor for his roles in Mrs. Miniver (1942) and Madame Curie (1943).

Pidgeon also starred in many other notable films such as How Green Was My Valley (1941), The Bad and the Beautiful (1952), Forbidden Planet (1956), Executive Suite (1954), Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (1961), Advise & Consent (1962), Funny Girl (1968) and Harry in Your Pocket (1973).

Pidgeon also served as the 10th president of the Screen Actors Guild between 1952 and 1957. He received the Guild's Life Achievement Award in 1975 and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960 for his contributions to the film industry.

Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award
The Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award is presented by the Screen Actors Guild's National Honors and Tributes Committee for "outstanding achievement in fostering the finest ideals of the acting profession." It predates the 1st Screen Actors Guild Awards by over thirty years. The award's first recipient was performer and comedian Eddie Cantor, in 1962. Since then, it has been presented every year except 1963, 1981 and 2021. On two occasions, two people received the award the same year: in 1985, when it was presented to actor Paul Newman and actress Joanne Woodward, and in 2000, when it was presented to civil rights activists Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee. The award was not given in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of 2025, 63 people have received the award, of whom 40 are men and 23 women.
Caen station
Caen, Gare de l'Ouest or Gare Calvados, is the main and now only station serving the city of Caen, Normandy, France. The station stands on the main line from Paris to Cherbourg and although it mainly is an intercity station many regional trains use the station. Typical services link Caen to Lisieux, Paris, Rouen, Saint-Lô, Granville, Bayeux and Cherbourg. The station opened in 1857 with the arrival of the CF de l'Ouest line from Paris. The station was rebuilt by Henri Pacon in 1934.

Lisieux station
Gare de Lisieuxⓘ is the main train station for the town of Lisieux, Normandy, France.

It was built by Chemins de Fer de l'Ouest in 1855. The station is built in a Y shape and is situated on the Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway main line from Paris to Caen and Cherbourg. The station is also served by trains to Trouville-Deauville. Lisieux has one other station: the Le Grand-Jardin on the line to Trouville-Deauville.
Sulby Bridge railway station
Sulby Bridge Railway Station (Manx: Stashoon Raad Yiarn Droghad Sulby) was a station on the Manx Northern Railway (MNR), later owned and operated by the Isle of Man Railway; it served the village of Sulby in the Isle of Man and was an intermediate stopping place on a line that ran between St. John's and Ramsey.

St John's railway station
St John's Railway Station (Manx: Stashoon Raad Yiarn Valley Keeill Eoin) was on the Isle of Man Railway (IMR), later merging with the nearby station of the Manx Northern Railway (MNR); it was the junction of lines to Douglas, Peel, Ramsey and Foxdale. It was close to Tynwald Hill. The station began life in 1873 as the penultimate stop on the Peel Line, the island's first passenger railway line; it consisted of a simple wooden waiting shelter with accommodation for the station master, and a passing loop.  This layout remained until the arrival of the new line from the north in 1879 when a second station was established, later merging with the existing one. The station was the hub of the island's railway network, where the lines to Douglas, Peel, Ramsey and Foxdale met.
Ettie Stewart Steele
Janette 'Ettie' Stewart Steele (5 October 1890 – July 1983) was a British chemist. She submitted the first PhD thesis at the University of St Andrews and worked there for the rest of her career in several roles including University Assistant, Lecturer, Warden of the women's students residence, and secretary to Principal James Irvine.

James Irvine (chemist)
Sir James Colquhoun Irvine KBE FRS FRSE FEIS (9 May 1877 – 12 June 1952) was a British organic chemist and Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the University of St Andrews from 1921 until his death. As a research chemist, Irvine worked on the application of methylation techniques to carbohydrates, and isolated the first methylated sugars, trimethyl and tetramethyl glucose.
Thirumal in Thiruvananthapuram
As Kalimayai captured the king of Thiruvitankur and began to rule over the people as their king, Thirumal came to Thiruvananthapuram according to Ayyavazhi mythology. This falls under Akilam five in Akilathirattu Ammanai.

Kalineesan
Kalineesan is someone who was caught by Kalimayai (not to be confused with the Hindu deity) according to Akilattirattu Ammanai, the source of Ayyavazhi mythology. Kaliyan is the sixth fragment of Kroni and Kalineesan. According to Ayyavazhi mythology, the kalimayai captured the King of Travancore and henceforth was called Kalineesan.