hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yahaya Ahmad
Yahaya bin Ahmad (11 August 1947 – 2 March 1997) was a Malaysian businessman. He was the founder, chairman and chief executive officer of the DRB-HICOM Group. He was famously known as Malaysia's "Car Czar".

Marang, Terengganu
Marang (est. pop. (2000 census): 4,896) is a town and the seat of Marang District, in the state of Terengganu, Malaysia. The town is located on the South China Sea coast on the main highway between Kuala Terengganu and Kuantan. The main economic activity in Marang is fishery and tourism.
Charlotte Beradt
Charlotte Beradt (born Charlotte Aron, 7 December 1901 or 1907  – 15 May 1986) was a German American journalist and translator, best known for her 1966 book collecting the dreams of German citizens under Adolf Hitler, The Third Reich of Dreams, and her translations of the work of Hannah Arendt.

Westdeutscher Rundfunk
Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln (pronounced [ˈvɛstˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk ˈkœln]; "West German Broadcasting Cologne"), shortened to WDR (pronounced [ˌveːdeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a German public-broadcasting institution based in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia with its main office in Cologne. WDR is a constituent member of the consortium of German public-broadcasting institutions, ARD. As well as contributing to the output of the national television channel Das Erste, WDR produces the regional television service WDR Fernsehen (formerly known as WDF and West3) and six regional radio networks.
National Institutional Ranking Framework
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry of Human Resource Development (now the Ministry of Education) and launched by the Minister on 29 September 2015.

Depending on their areas of operation,  institutions have been ranked under 11 different categories – overall, university, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medical, architecture, dental and research. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weights. These weights depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.

National Assessment and Accreditation Council
The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) is a public autonomous body of the government of India that assesses and accredits higher education institutions (HEIs) in India. It is funded by the University Grants Commission and headquartered in Bengaluru.
SC Rusj Užhorod
SC Rusj Užhorod or SC Rusz Ungvár (Cyrillic: Русь Ужгород) is a former Czechoslovak and Hungarian club that was created in 1925–26 out of Magyar AC (1908). Ukrainian club Hoverla Uzhhorod later traced its heritage from this club indicating 1925 on its club's crest as the year of its foundation.

Slovak First Football League
The Slovak First Football League (Slovak: 1. slovenská futbalová liga), officially known as Niké liga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Slovakia and the highest level of the Slovak football league system. It was formed in 1993 following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The record for most titles is fifteen, held by Slovan Bratislava, who are the current title holders.
Nariva County
Nariva is a county in Trinidad and Tobago.  It is located in eastern Trinidad, south of Saint Andrew County and north of Mayaro County, to the west by Victoria County and to the northwest by Saint George County.  The southern boundary of the county lies along the Ortoire River and the western boundary is Cocos Bay (more commonly referred to as Manzanilla Bay).  The towns of Rio Claro and Ecclesville are located in Nariva County.  The Nariva Swamp is located in the eastern part of Nariva County.

Nariva County covers 166 km2 (64 mi2) and is divided into two wards, Charuma and Cocal.  The name Nariva is of Amerindian origins.

Until 1990 Nariva was administered together with the county of Mayaro by the Nariva–Mayaro County Council.  Since then the county has been split between the Sangre Grande Regional Corporation and the Rio Claro–Mayaro Regional Corporation.

Nariva Swamp
10°25′N 61°05′W﻿ / ﻿10.417°N 61.083°W﻿ / 10.417; -61.083

The Nariva Swamp is the largest freshwater wetland in Trinidad and Tobago and has been designated a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention. The swamp is located on the east coast of Trinidad, immediately inland from the Manzanilla Bay through Biche and covers over 60 square kilometres (23 mi2). The Nariva Swamp is extremely biodiverse, being home to 45 mammal species, 39 reptile species, 33 fish species, 204 bird species, 19 frog species, 213 insect species and 15 mollusc species. All this contained in just 60 square kilometers.
Tullio Solenghi
Tullio Alberto Gianfranco Solenghi (born 21 March 1948) is an Italian actor, director, comedian, television personality and impressionist.

Together with fellow actors Anna Marchesini and Massimo Lopez, he has been a member of the comic group known as Il Trio (The Trio).

Sanremo Music Festival 1986
The Sanremo Music Festival 1986 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 1986), officially the 36th Italian Song Festival (36º Festival della canzone italiana), was the 36th edition of the annual Sanremo Music Festival, a television song contest held at the Teatro Ariston in Sanremo, organised and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). The show was hosted by Loretta Goggi, assisted by the trio Anna Pettinelli, Mauro Micheloni and Sergio Mancinelli, who  at the time were the presenters of the musical show Discoring.

The winner of the Big Artists section was Eros Ramazzotti with the song "Adesso tu", while Enrico Ruggeri won the Critics Award with the song "Rien ne va plus". Lena Biolcati won the Newcomers section with the song "Grande grande amore".
Yefim Bronfman
Yefim "Fima" Naumovich Bronfman (Russian: Ефим Наумович Бронфман; born April 10, 1958) is a Soviet-born Israeli-American pianist. He has performed as a soloist and with major symphony orchestras globally since 1975. He won a Grammy Award in 1997.

Isaac Stern
Isaac Stern (July 21, 1920 – September 22, 2001) was an American violinist.

Born in Poland, Stern moved to the United States when he was 14 months old. Stern performed both nationally and internationally, notably touring the Soviet Union and China, and performing extensively in Israel, a country to which he had close ties since shortly after its founding.

Stern received extensive recognition for his work, including winning the Presidential Medal of Freedom and six Grammy Awards, and being named to the French Legion of Honour. The Isaac Stern Auditorium at Carnegie Hall bears his name, due to his role in saving the venue from demolition in the 1960s.
Louisa Brownfield
Louisa Brownfield (born 14 April 1984), also known as Louisa Watson, is a former England netball international. She was a member of the England teams that won bronze medals at the 2006 and 2010 Commonwealth Games and at the 2011 World Netball Championships. Between 2006 and 2015, Brownfield also played for Mavericks in seven Netball Superleague grand finals, helping them win two titles in 2007–08 and 2011.

2007–08 Netball Superleague season
The 2007–08 Netball Superleague season (known for sponsorship reasons as the Co-operative Netball Superleague) was the third season of the Netball Superleague. The league was won by Galleria Mavericks after they defeated Loughborough Lightning in the grand final. This was Mavericks first title win.
Pepper Paire
Lavone A. "Pepper" Paire Davis (May 29, 1924 – February 2, 2013) was a baseball catcher and infielder who played from 1944 through 1953 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m), 138 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.

Van Nuys
Van Nuys (/væn ˈnaɪz/ ⓘ van NYZE) is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, United States. Home to Van Nuys Airport and the Valley Municipal Building, it is the most populous neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley.
Rolandra
Rolandra is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

The only species is Rolandra fruticosa, native to Central and South America plus the West Indies. It is also reportedly naturalized in Japan and Java.

Formerly included

see Ichthyothere Trichospira

Rolandra reptans Willd. ex Less. - Trichospira verticillata (L.) S.F.Blake

Rolandra septans Willd. ex Less. - Trichospira verticillata (L.) S.F.Blake

Rolandra terminalis Spreng. - Ichthyothere terminalis (Spreng.) S.F.Blake

Vernonieae
Vernonieae is a tribe of about 1300 species of plants in the aster family.  They are mostly found in the tropics and warmer temperate areas, both in the Americas and the Old World. They are mostly herbaceous plants or shrubs, although there is at least one tree species, Strobocalyx arborea.
COMREFAS
The Consortium for the Management of Basic and Applied Research in Africa south of Sahara (French: Consortium pour le Management de la Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Afrique au Sud du Sahara) or COMREFAS is an international multidisciplinary institution whose purpose is to structure and enhance the basic and applied research in Africa in the following scientific fields:

Economics,

Management Science,

Public law,

Private Law,

Humanities,

Arts,

Social Sciences,

Applied Science and Technology.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Anoxomer
Anoxomer is a food additive with E number E323.  It is a non-digestible polymeric antioxidant.  It was designed to allow the introduction of established antioxidants in a non-absorbable manner in order to avoid potential health risk associated with their digestion.

Anoxomer is prepared by condensation polymerization of divinylbenzene and a mixture of antioxidant monomers including tert-butylhydroquinone, tert-butylphenol, hydroxyanisole, p-cresol and 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol.

Tert-Butylhydroquinone
tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ, tertiary butylhydroquinone, tBHQ) is a synthetic aromatic organic compound which is a type of phenol. It is a derivative of hydroquinone, substituted with a tert-butyl group.
University of Phoenix
The University of Phoenix (UoPX) is a private for-profit university headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. Founded in 1976, the university confers certificates and degrees at the certificate, associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree levels. It is institutionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and has an open enrollment admissions policy for many undergraduate programs. The school is owned by Phoenix Education Partners.

Student debt
Student debt refers to the debt incurred by an individual to pay for education-related expenses. This debt is most commonly assumed to pay for tertiary education, such as university.

The amount loaned or the loan agreement is often referred to as a student loan. In many countries, student loans work differently compared to mortgages with differing laws governing renegotiation and bankruptcy. As with most other types of debt, student debt may be considered defaulted after a given period of no response to requests by the school or the lender for information, payment, or negotiation. Afterward, the debt is turned over to a student loan guarantor or a collection agency.
Ettrick, Scotland
Ettrick (Scottish Gaelic: Eadaraig, IPA: [ˈet̪əɾɪkʲ]) is a small village and civil parish in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. It is located on the B709, around 17 miles (28 km) south-west of the town of Selkirk.

Selkirk, Scottish Borders
Selkirk (Scottish Gaelic: Salcraig) is a town and historic royal burgh in the Scottish Borders council district of southeastern Scotland. It lies on the Ettrick Water, a tributary of the River Tweed. The people of the town are known as Souters, which means cobblers (shoe makers and menders). At the time of the 2011 census, Selkirk's population was 5,784.
Calcot Mill
Calcot Mill is an historic former watermill on the Holy Brook, a channel of the River Kennet in the English county of Berkshire. The mill is situated to the south of Calcot, a suburb of Reading, in the civil parish of Holybrook, formerly in the parish of Theale and earlier still in the parish of Tilehurst.

The original mill belonged to Reading Abbey, whose monks are believed to have created the Holy Brook as a water supply to this and other mills owned by them.

Between 1876 and 1928 the GWR operated a siding serving the mill which was shunted by a horse.

In 1966, the mill, then owned by Calcot Flour Mills, was badly damaged by fire. Since then the building has been converted to apartments.

Tilehurst
Tilehurst /ˈtaɪlhɜːrst/ is a village on the western outskirts of the town of Reading in the county of Berkshire, England. It extends from the River Thames in the north to the A4 road in the south.

The village is partly within the boundaries of the borough of Reading and partly in the district of West Berkshire. The part within West Berkshire forms part of the civil parish of Tilehurst, which also includes the northern part of Calcot and a small rural area west of the village. The part within the borough of Reading includes the Reading electoral ward of Tilehurst, together with parts of Kentwood and Norcot wards.
Legal status of the Holy See
The legal status of the Holy See, the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, both in state practice and according to the writing of modern legal scholars, is that of a full subject of public international law, with rights and duties analogous to those of states.

Ian Brownlie
Sir Ian Brownlie, CBE, QC, FBA (19 September 1932, Liverpool – 3 January 2010, Cairo) was an English barrister and academic, specialising in international law. He was  Chichele Professor of Public International Law from 1980 to 1999.
2005 Ahvaz unrest
2005 Ahvaz unrest or 15 April Ahvaz Protests were violent riots, initiated by Iranian Arabs in the city of Ahvaz in southwestern Iranian province of Khuzestan. The unrest erupted on 15 April 2005, and lasted for 4 days. Initially, the Iranian Interior Ministry stated that only one person had been killed, however an official at a hospital in Ahvaz said that there were between 15 and 20 mortal casualties. Government officials blamed the unrest on Britain, whose troops based just across the border in southern Iraq. Following the unrest, several bombings were carried out in Ahvaz, killing 28 people. In 2006, Iran executed five Arab separatists, convicted of carrying out the bombings in 2005.

Constitution of Iran
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the supreme law of Iran. It was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906. It has been amended once, on 28 July 1989. The constitution was originally made up of 175 articles in 12 chapters, but amended in 1989 to 177 articles in 14 chapters.

It has been called a hybrid regime of theocratic and democratic elements. Articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, and Article Six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament." Main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader, whose powers are spelled out in Chapter Eight (Articles 107–112).
The Abels
The Abels are a group of 158 Tasmanian mountains above 1100m and with a prominence of at least 150m.

They are listed in the books The Abels.

Climbing them all is part of the Tasmanian peakbagging movement.
The Abels list was devised by Bill Wilkinson in 1994, based on the Munros in Scotland. Many of the Abels are extremely remote, requiring a lengthy hike into the South West Wilderness, including Federation Peak and Precipitous Bluff. The first person to climb all 158 peaks was in Philip Dawson in 2011, and the first woman was Maureen Martin in 2017.

Federation Peak
Federation Peak is a Tasmanian mountain with a sharp spire-like shape, which marks the southern end of the Eastern Arthur Range in the Southwest National Park. The peak, approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) south-west from Hobart, was named after the Federation of Australia.

With an elevation of 1,224 metres (4,016 ft) above sea level the last stretch of the route up is extremely steep and exposed, involving rock climbing moves 600 metres (2,000 ft) above Lake Geeves. Its reputation is such that Sir Edmund Hillary declared it "Australia's only real mountain".
Russian Far East
The Russian Far East (Russian: Дальний Восток России, IPA: [ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ]) is a region in North Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asian continent, and is coextensive with the Far Eastern Federal District, which encompasses the area between Lake Baikal and the Pacific Ocean. The area's largest city is Khabarovsk, followed by Vladivostok. The region shares land borders with the countries of Mongolia, China, and North Korea to its south, as well as maritime boundaries with Japan to its southeast, and with the United States along the Bering Strait to its northeast.

Although foreign sources often consider the Russian Far East to be a part of Siberia, it has been historically categorized separately from Siberia in Russian regional schemes (and previously during the Soviet era when it was called the Soviet Far East).

Yakutsk
Yakutsk is the capital and largest city of Sakha, Russia, located about 450 km (280 mi) south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the 2021 census.

Yakutsk has an average annual temperature of −8.0 °C (17.6 °F), winter high temperatures consistently well below −20 °C (−4 °F), and a record low of −64.4 °C (−83.9 °F) has been recorded.

As a result, Yakutsk is the coldest major city in the world (although a number of smaller towns in that region are slightly colder). Yakutsk is also the largest city located in continuous permafrost; the only other large city is Norilsk, also in Siberia. Yakutsk is in the Central Yakutian Lowland and is a major port on the Lena River. It is served by the Yakutsk Airport as well as the smaller Magan Airport.
Clementina Black
Clementina Maria Black (27 July 1853 – 19 December 1922) was an English writer, feminist and pioneering trade unionist, closely connected with Marxist and Fabian socialists. She worked for women's rights at work and for women's suffrage.

Fabian Society
The Fabian Society (/ˈfeɪbiən/) is a British socialist organisation whose purpose is to advance the principles of social democracy and democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow. It is related to radicalism, a left-wing liberal tradition.

As one of the founding organisations of the Labour Representation Committee in 1900, and as an important influence upon the Labour Party which grew from it, the Fabian Society has strongly influenced British politics. Members of the Fabian Society have included political leaders from other countries, such as Jawaharlal Nehru and Lee Kuan Yew, who adopted Fabian principles as part of their own political ideologies. The Fabian Society founded the London School of Economics in 1895.

Today, the society functions primarily as a think tank and is one of twenty socialist societies affiliated with the Labour Party. Similar societies exist in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Italy.
Kyrkjedalshalsen Saddle
Kyrkjedalshalsen Saddle (71°47′S 6°53′E﻿ / ﻿71.783°S 6.883°E﻿ / -71.783; 6.883) is an ice saddle between Gessner Peak and Habermehl Peak in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from surveys and air photos by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60, and named Kyrkjedalshalsen (the church valley's neck).

Habermehl Peak
Habermehl Peak (German: Habermehlgipfel, 71°49′S 6°55′E﻿ / ﻿71.817°S 6.917°E﻿ / -71.817; 6.917) is a peak 2,945 metres (9,660 ft) high, 5 km (3 mi) south of Gessner Peak in the northeast part of the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939), led by Captain Alfred Ritscher, and named for Richard Habermehl, the director of the German Weather Service. It was remapped from air photos taken by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1958–59.
2018–19 CSA Women's Provincial League
The 2018–19 CSA Women's Provincial League was the 24th edition of South Africa's provincial one-day cricket tournament. It ran from October 2018 to March 2019, with 16 provincial teams taking part. North West beat Western Province in the final to win their second one-day title.

CSA Women's One-Day Cup
The CSA Women's One-Day Cup, previously known as the CSA Women's Provincial Programme, is a women's domestic one-day cricket competition organised by Cricket South Africa. The competition currently sees sixteen provincial teams competing in 50-over matches, and has existed, under various names, since the 1995–96 season.

The most successful side in the history of the competition, and current holders, are Western Province, with nine recorded title wins.
Rock for Choice
Rock for Choice (or Rock 4 Choice) was a series of benefit concerts held over a ten-year period between 1991 and 2001. The concerts were designed to allow musicians to show their support for the abortion rights movement in the United States and Canada.

Benefit concert
A benefit concert or charity concert is a type of musical benefit performance (e.g., concert, show, or gala) featuring musicians, comedians, or other performers that is held for a charitable purpose, often directed at a specific and immediate humanitarian crisis.

Benefit concerts can have both subjective and concrete objectives. Subjective objectives include raising awareness about an issue such as misery in Africa (such as Live 8) and uplifting a nation after a disaster (such as America: A Tribute to Heroes). Concrete objectives include raising funds (such as Live Aid) and influencing legislation (such as Live 8 or Farm Aid). The two largest benefit concerts of all time, in size, were the Live 8 and the Live Earth events, which both attracted billions of spectators. Scholars theorize that the observed increase on concert size since the Live Aid is happening because organizers strive to make their events as big as the tragedy at hand, thus hoping to gain legitimization that way.