hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cape Mounted Police
The Cape Mounted Police (originally Cape Police) was the principal law enforcement agency of the Cape Colony during its last three decades. In addition to its ordinary policing duties, it was a para-military organisation, which saw active service in several campaigns and operations, including the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902). The force was fully militarised in 1913 and transferred to the new South African Army as a mounted rifle regiment.

German South West Africa
German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, when it was captured by the Western Allies during World War I. However, Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.

German rule over this territory was punctuated by numerous rebellions by its native African peoples, which culminated in a campaign of German reprisals from 1904 to 1908 known as the Herero and Nama genocide.

In 1915, during World War I, German South West Africa was invaded by the Allies in the form of South African and British forces. After the war, its administration was taken over by the Union of South Africa (a dominion within the British Empire) and the territory was administered as South West Africa under a League of Nations mandate. It became independent as Namibia on 21 March 1990.
1930 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles
Top-seeded foreign player Betty Nuthall defeated Anna Harper 6–1, 6–4 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1930 U.S. National Championships which was held between August 18 and 23, 1930. The final lasted 36 minutes and was watched by 3,500 spectators. The reigning champion Helen Wills Moody did not participate to defend her title.

1930 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1930 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills in New York City, New York. The tournament ran from August 28 until September 13. It was the 50th staging of the U.S. National Championships and the fourth Grand Slam tennis event of the year.
Mayfield, Michigan
Mayfield is an unincorporated community in Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located in Paradise Township between Kingsley and Traverse City along South Garfield Road (County Road 611). As an unincorporated community, Mayfield has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own.

Kingsley, Michigan
Kingsley (/kɪŋzli/) is a village in Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,431 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Paradise Township and is part of the Traverse City metropolitan area.
Morton and Hanthorpe
Morton and Hanthorpe is a civil parish, formerly known as Morton by Bourne in the South Kesteven district of  Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 2 miles (3 km) north from Bourne, and  14 miles (23 km) south-east from Grantham. According to the 2011 Census the parish had a population of 2,406.

Bourne, Lincolnshire
Bourne is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the eastern slopes of the limestone Kesteven Uplands and the western edge of the Fens, 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Stamford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Spalding and 17 miles (27 km) north of Peterborough. The population at the 2011 census was 14,456. A 2019 estimate put it at 16,780.
Ambrosius Aurelianus
Ambrosius Aurelianus (Welsh: Emrys Wledig; Anglicised as Ambrose Aurelian and called  Aurelius Ambrosius in the Historia Regum Britanniae and elsewhere) was a war leader of the Romano-British who won an important battle against the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century, according to Gildas. He also appeared independently in the legends of the Britons, beginning with the 9th-century Historia Brittonum. Eventually, he was transformed by Geoffrey of Monmouth into the uncle of King Arthur, the brother of Arthur's father Uther Pendragon, as a ruler who precedes and predeceases them both. He also appears as a young prophet who meets the tyrant Vortigern; in this guise, he was later transformed into the wizard Merlin.

Oisc of Kent
Oisc (early Old English [øːsk] or [øːʃ]), or, in a later spelling, Ēsc ([eːʃ]) was, if he existed, an early king of Kent and, according to Bede, the eponymous founder of the tribe known as Oiscingas (early Old English ['øːʃiŋgas].
2014 Tashkent Open
The 2014 Tashkent Open was a WTA International women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 16th edition of the Tashkent Open, on the 2014 WTA Tour. It took place at the Tashkent Tennis Center in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, between September 8–13, 2014. Third-seeded Karin Knapp won the singles title.

Tashkent Open
The Tashkent Open by Zeromax was a women's tennis tournament held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. First held in 1999, this WTA Tour event is an International tournament and is played on outdoor hard courts.

Since 2014, the event has been scheduled in early autumn, during the same week as the Wuhan Open. In 2020, the tournament was replaced by the Lyon Open.
CNET Video
CNET Video is a San Francisco and New York-based network showing original programming catering to the niche market of technology enthusiasts, operated by Ziff Davis through their CNET brand. CNET Video originated as the television program production arm of CNET Networks in the United States, producing programs starting in the mid-to-late 1990s. It was CNET Networks' first project. Technology-themed television shows produced by CNET Video also aired on G4 in Canada. CNET Video is a 2012 Technology People's Voice Webby Award Winner. On July 24, 2013, CNET Video launched a new CNET Video+ app for iOS, Android and Xbox SmartGlass.

CNET Download
CNET Download (originally Download.com) is an Internet download directory website launched in 1996 as a part of CNET. Initially it resided on the domain download.com, and then download.com.com for a while, and is now download.cnet.com. The domain download.com attracted at least 113 million visitors annually by 2008 according to a Compete.com study.
Utah Democratic Party
The Utah Democratic Party (UDP) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Utah.

It has minimal political power in the state.  It controls none of Utah's statewide or federal elected offices, and is in the superminority in both chambers of the Utah State Legislature. Democrats last received Utah's electoral votes in 1964.

George Dern
George Henry Dern (September 8, 1872 – August 27, 1936) was a German American politician, mining man, and businessman. He co-invented the Holt–Dern ore roasting process and was United States Secretary of War from 1933 to his death in 1936. He also served as the sixth governor of Utah for eight years, from 1925 to 1933. Dern was a progressive politician who fought for tax reform, public education, and social welfare. He was the grandfather of actor Bruce Dern and great-grandfather of actress Laura Dern.

A Unitarian, Dern was one of only three non-Mormon Governors of Utah. The other two were Simon Bamberger, who was Jewish, and J. Bracken Lee, who was Presbyterian.
Player (streaming service)
Player.pl or simply Player (formerly: tvn player) is a Polish video on demand and streaming television service launched on 26 August 2011.

The service offers programmes from TVN Warner Bros. Discovery (TVN, TVN 7, TVN Style, TVN Turbo, TVN24, TVN24 BiS, TTV), as well as external partners, including: Canal+, and HBO, Eleven Sports. The service is available through the website and through apps available on Android, Android TV, iOS, Orsay, PlayStation 4, VIDAA, Tizen, tvOS, and webOS.

TVN Style
TVN Style is a Polish-language pay-TV channel aimed at women featuring the latest in fashion, health and beauty. It was first launched on 1 August 2004 and a part of the TVN network, owned by Warner Bros. Discovery.
1995 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1995 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 95th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Mount Sion were the defending champions.

On 15 October 1995, Ballygunner won the championship after a 3–13 to 1–17 defeat of Mount Sion in a replay of the final. This was their fifth championship title overall and their first title since 1992.

1992 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1992 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 92nd staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Lismore were the defending champions.

On 15 November 1992, Ballygunner won the championship after a 1–12 to 2–07 defeat of Mount Sion in the final. This was their fourth championship title overall and their first title since 1968.
1972 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1972 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 41st staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Mayo entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated in the Connacht Championship.

On 24 September 1972, Cork won the championship following a 3-11 to 2-11 defeat of Tyrone in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title overall and their first in three championship seasons.

1971 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1971 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 40th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Galway entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Mayo on a scoreline of 1-7 to 0-9 in the Connacht semi-final.

On 26 September 1971, Mayo won the championship following a 2-15 to 2-7 defeat of Cork in the All-Ireland final. This was their fourth All-Ireland title overall and their first title in five championship seasons.
NGC 588
NGC 588 is a prominent, giant H II ionized diffuse nebula located in the outskirts of the galaxy Messier 33's spiral arms, within the Triangulum constellation. The nebula has two Wolf-Rayet stars, NGC 588-UIT 008 and NGC 588-MC3 and a fairly large population of main sequence stars of 2 to 20 solar masses. The more massive stars in the nebula have a mass of around 40 solar masses. NGC 588 is 4.2 million years old and has a mass of 2300 solar masses.

NGC 588 and NGC 592 (another nebula in the Triangulum galaxy) are both very prominent stellar nurseries in their regions.

Triangulum
Triangulum is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for "triangle", derived from its three brightest stars, which form a long and narrow triangle. Known to the ancient Babylonians and Greeks, Triangulum was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. The celestial cartographers Johann Bayer and John Flamsteed catalogued the constellation's stars, giving six of them Bayer designations.

The white stars Beta and Gamma Trianguli, of apparent magnitudes 3.00 and 4.00, respectively, form the base of the triangle and the yellow-white Alpha Trianguli, of magnitude 3.41, the apex. Iota Trianguli is a notable double star system, and there are three star systems with known planets located in Triangulum. The constellation contains several galaxies, the brightest and nearest of which is the Triangulum Galaxy or Messier 33—a member of the Local Group. The first quasar ever observed, 3C 48, also lies within the boundaries of Triangulum.
2005 NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament
The 2005 NCAA Division I Women's Lacrosse Championship was the 24th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of Division I NCAA women's college lacrosse. The championship game was played at Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium in Annapolis, Maryland during May 2005. All NCAA Division I women's lacrosse programs were eligible for this championship, and a total of 16 teams were invited to participate.

Northwestern defeated Virginia, 13–10, to win their first national championship. This would subsequently become the first of Northwestern's seven national titles in eight years (2005–2009, 2011–12). Furthermore, the Wildcats' championship secured an undefeated season (21–0) for the team.

The leading scorer for the tournament was Cary Chasney from Virginia (17 goals). Kristen Kjellman, from Northwestern, was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.

NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament
The NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament is annual single-elimination tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champion women's collegiate lacrosse among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except for 2020.

Maryland Terrapins have been the most successful program, with fourteen titles.

North Carolina is the reigning national champions, winning their fourth title in 2025.
Volleyball at the 2025 SEA Games
Volleyball at the 2025 SEA Games took place in Bangkok and Chonburi, Thailand from 10 to 19 December 2025. The 2025 Games featured competitions in four events. The indoor volleyball competition took place at Indoor Stadium Huamark in Bangkok, and the beach volleyball competitions were held at Jomtien Beach in Chonburi.

Chonburi province
Chonburi (Thai: ชลบุรี, RTGS: Chon Buri, [tɕ͡ʰōn bū.rīː] ⓘ) is a province of Thailand (changwat) located in eastern Thailand. Its capital is also named Chonburi. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from north) Chachoengsao, Chanthaburi, and Rayong, while the Bay of Bangkok is to the west. Pattaya, a major tourism destination in Thailand, is located in Chonburi, along with Laem Chabang, the country's primary seaport. The population of the province has grown rapidly and now totals 1.7 million residents, although a large portion of the population is floating or unregistered. The registered population as of 31 December 2024 was 1.635 million.
Ulka Sasaki
Yuta Sasaki (佐々木 佑太, Sasaki Yūta; born October 7, 1989), known professionally as Ulka Sasaki (佐々木憂流迦, Sasaki Uruka), is a Japanese professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist.  He is signed to Pro Wrestling Noah. He also appears in WWE, in their development territory NXT.

A professional competitor since 2010, Sasaki formerly competed for Ultimate Fighting Championship, Shooto, Deep, and Vale Tudo Japan. He is the former Shooto Pacific Rim (132 lbs) Champion.

GHC National Championship
The Global Honored Crown (GHC) National Championship (Japanese: GHCナショナル王座, Hepburn: GHC Nashonaru Ōza) is a professional wrestling championship in the Japanese promotion Pro Wrestling Noah. It was created on October 3, 2019 and inaugurated on November 2 when Takashi Sugiura defeated Michael Elgin. The title is defended exclusively in Japan. Rather than being another "heavyweight" championship, Noah classifies the title as an openweight title, with both heavyweight and junior heavyweight wrestlers being eligible to challenge for it.
Anchor Cone
Anchor Cone is a mountain in western British Columbia, Canada, located on the south side of Lowe Inlet, Grenville Channel, and southwest of Kitimat. It lies in the Countess of Dufferin Range, a subrange of the Kitimat Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.

Countess of Dufferin Range
The Countess of Dufferin Range is a small subrange of the Kitimat Ranges, running along the east side of Grenville Channel on the south side of Lowe Inlet in British Columbia, Canada.

The range was named for Hariot Georgina, wife of the Earl of Dufferin who served as the third Governor General of Canada from 1872 to 1878.
Veena Sahajwalla
Veena Sahajwalla is an Indian-Australian inventor who is Professor of Materials Science in the Faculty of Science at the University of New South Wales, Australia. She is the Director of the UNSW SM@RT Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology and an Australian Research Council Laureate Fellow.

Sahajwalla is known for her role as a councillor on the independent Australian Climate Council and as a judge on the ABC television show The New Inventors. Sahajwalla also served as a commissioner on the Australian Climate Commission. She featured in a 2008 episode of ABC's science show called Catalyst.

Sahajwalla was born in Mumbai, India.  She studied for her master's degree in Vancouver, Canada before settling in Australia.  While in Canada, she met and married her husband Rama Mahapatra.

Steelmaking
Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore and/or scrap. Steel has been made for millennia, and was commercialized on a massive scale in the 1850s and 1860s, using the Bessemer and Siemens-Martin processes.

Currently, two major commercial processes are used. Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) uses liquid pig-iron from a blast furnace and scrap steel as the main feed materials. Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking uses scrap steel or direct reduced iron (DRI). Oxygen steelmaking has become more popular over time.

Steelmaking is one of the most carbon emission-intensive industries. In 2020, the steelmaking industry was reported to be responsible for 7% of energy sector greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is seeking significant emission reductions.
Malva phoenicea
Malva phoenicea, often still known under the synonyms Lavatera phoenicea and Navaea phoenicea, is a large shrub of the family Malvaceae and tribe Malveae, endemic to the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands.

Malva
Malva is a genus of herbaceous or woody, annual, biennial, and perennial plants in the family Malvaceae.  It is one of several closely related genera in the family to bear the common English name mallow. The genus is widespread throughout the temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Europe.

The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed. The flowers are from 0.5–5 cm diameter, with five pink, lilac, purple or white petals.
Cryptic self epitopes
In immunology, cryptic self epitopes are a source of autoimmunity.

Self epitopes, which are found in high concentration on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in association with its major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are known as dominant epitopes. These are stimulants of negative selection mechanisms to remove potentially self destructing autoreactive T cells. Their "self" antigens are displayed to a developing T-cell and signal those "self-reactive" T-cells to die via programmed cell death (apoptosis) and thereby deletion from the T cell repertoire, preventing autoimmunity.

However, self epitopes which appear in very low concentration on APC are termed cryptic in the sense that they do not delete autoreactive T-cells which will then join the peripheral adult T cell repertoire. This causes autoimmunity in the body.

Clonal deletion
In immunology, clonal deletion is the process of removing T and B lymphocytes from the immune system repertoire.  The process of clonal deletion helps prevent recognition and destruction of the self host cells, making it a type of negative selection. Ultimately, clonal deletion plays a role in central tolerance.  Clonal deletion can help protect individuals against autoimmunity, which is when an organism produces an immune response on its own cells. It is one of many methods used by the body in immune tolerance.
Shigashi
Shigashi (志賀氏) (-d.1587) was a Japanese noble lady and Japanese warrior from the Sengoku period. Shigashi means the lady from Shiga clan and her real name is unknown. She was the wife of Bekki Shigetsura (戸次鎮連) the retainer of Ōtomo clan, the nephew and the son-in-law of famed samurai Bekki Akitsura a.k.a. Tachibana Dōsetsu. She is best known for her role during conflicts between the Shimazu clan and the Ōtomo clan in Kyushu.

Onna-musha
Onna-musha (女武者) is a term referring to female warriors in pre-modern Japan, who were members of the bushi (warrior) class. They were trained in the use of weapons to protect their household, family, and honour in times of war; many of them fought in battle alongside samurai men.
Onna-musha also have an important presence in Japanese literature, with Tomoe Gozen and Hangaku Gozen being famous and influential examples.
Dierfeld
Dierfeld is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Among Germany’s smallest municipalities, it is the least populous, with just 9 people living in the municipality.

Bernkastel-Wittlich
Bernkastel-Wittlich (German: Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Vulkaneifel, Cochem-Zell, Rhein-Hunsrück, Birkenfeld, Trier-Saarburg and Bitburg-Prüm.
AS Fortis Spoleto FC
A.S. Fortis Spoleto F.C. was an Italian football club from Spoleto, Umbria. The club was founded in 2003, and won Serie D/E in 2005/06.

However, the club went out of existence after the team was excluded from playing Serie C2 in 2006–07 because of financial troubles and banned from all competitive football and has been replaced by current team Voluntas Spoleto currently playing in regional Eccellenza. They failed the national barrages  to gain promotion in Serie D losing with Jesina. A huge number of exclusions in Serie D will however allow Voluntas to be admitted in Serie D.

Spoleto
42°45′23″N 12°41′08″E﻿ / ﻿42.7564791°N 12.68547°E﻿ / 42.7564791; 12.68547
Spoleto (/spəˈleɪtoʊ/, also US: /spoʊˈleɪtoʊ, spoʊˈliːtoʊ/, UK: /spoʊˈlɛtoʊ/, Italian: [spoˈleːto]; Latin: Spoletium) is an ancient city in the Italian province of Perugia in east-central Umbria on a foothill of the Apennines. It is 20 km (12 mi) south of Trevi, 29 km (18 mi) north of Terni, 63 km (39 mi) southeast of Perugia; 212 km (132 mi) southeast of Florence; and 126 km (78 mi) north of Rome.
Farmer Weathersky
Farmer Weathersky (Norwegian: Bonde Værskjegg) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Chr. Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in Norske Folkeeventyr.

Andrew Lang included it in The Red Fairy Book as "Farmer Weatherbeard".

It is Aarne–Thompson type 325, The Magician and His Pupil, and involves several transformation chases.  This tale type is well known in India and Europe and notably stable in form.  Others of this type include Master and Pupil and The Thief and His Master.  A literary variant is Maestro Lattantio and His Apprentice Dionigi.

A version of the tale appears in A Book of Wizards by Ruth Manning-Sanders.

Jørgen Moe
Jørgen Engebretsen Moe (22 April 1813–27 March 1882) was a Norwegian folklorist, bishop, poet, and author. He is best known for the Norske Folkeeventyr, a collection of Norwegian folk tales which he edited in collaboration with Peter Christen Asbjørnsen.  He also served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Kristianssand from 1874 until his death in 1882.