hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 Clásica de San Sebastián
The 2009 Clásica de San Sebastián was the 29th edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián road cycling race.  It took place on 1 August 2009, and was the tenth event of the 2009 UCI ProTour, and the eighteenth in the inaugural UCI World Ranking series. It began and ended in San Sebastián, in the Basque Country, Spain. The race covered 237 kilometres (147 mi), mainly to the south and east of the city, and entirely within the province of Guipúzcoa.

2009 UCI ProTour
The 2009 UCI ProTour was the fifth series of the UCI ProTour. Two new teams, the American Garmin–Slipstream and the Russian Team Katusha, joined the ProTour, effectively taking over the licenses of Crédit Agricole and Gerolsteiner. Two existing teams changed title sponsors: Team CSC from Denmark became Team Saxo Bank, and Saunier Duval–Scott changed name to Fuji–Servetto. As in 2008, the races organized by the three Grand Tour organizers were not part of the ProTour. Rather than a ranking based only on the ProTour, the UCI designed a World Calendar, on which the Monument events and Grand Tours were included, with a corresponding 2009 UCI World Ranking.

The first race was the 2009 Tour Down Under in January, and the series ended with the 2009 GP Ouest-France in August.
Bushfires in the Australian Capital Territory
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) has a long history of bushfires. Typically, the fire season commences on 1 October and runs through until 31 March the following year. During this time the ACT will commonly experience wildfires including grassfires and bushfires. Most years will have a few fires of varying sizes and impacts, but some seasons are more significant than others.

Mount Stromlo Observatory
Mount Stromlo Observatory located in the west of Canberra, Australia, is part of the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Australian National University (ANU). Australia's oldest telescope and several others at the observatory were destroyed by bushfire in 2003.
Network medicine
Network medicine is the application of network science towards identifying, preventing, and treating diseases. This field focuses on using network topology and network dynamics towards identifying diseases and developing medical drugs. Biological networks, such as protein-protein interactions and metabolic pathways, are utilized by network medicine. Disease networks, which map relationships between diseases and biological factors, also play an important role in the field. Epidemiology is extensively studied using network science as well; social networks and transportation networks are used to model the spreading of disease across populations. Network medicine is a medically focused area of systems biology.

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
15th New York State Legislature
The 15th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to April 12, 1792, during the fifteenth year of George Clinton's governorship, in New York City.

Montgomery County, New York
Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,532. The county seat is Fonda. The county was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 at the Battle of Quebec. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.

The county is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy combined statistical area.

Historically occupied by the Mohawk people, one of the original Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, the county was created in 1772 during the period of British colonial rule as Tryon County. In 1784, after the Americans gained independence in the War, it was renamed Montgomery County for one of the heroes.

Montgomery County comprises the Amsterdam, NY micropolitan statistical area. The county borders the north and south banks of the Mohawk River.
Basilica of San Tommaso Apostolo, Ortona
The Basilica of San Tommaso Apostolo ("St. Thomas the Apostle"), also Ortona Cathedral (Italian: Basilica-Concattedrale di San Tommaso Apostolo; Duomo d'Ortona), is a Roman Catholic cathedral and minor basilica in Ortona, Abruzzo, Italy, famous for holding the relics of Saint Thomas the Apostle. It was formerly also the episcopal seat of the diocese of Ortona and is now a co-cathedral in the diocese of Lanciano-Ortona.

The Basilica was built on the site of an ancient Roman temple. Destroyed by the Normans in 1060, it was rebuilt and dedicated to Santa Maria degli Angeli in 1127. Since 1258 the Basilica has housed relics of Saint Thomas. The cathedral has suffered damage from military attacks by the Ottomans in 1566, the French in 1799 and from fighting during the Battle of Ortona in 1943.

Battle of Ortona
The Battle of Ortona (20–28 December 1943) was fought between two battalions of elite German Fallschirmjäger (paratroops) from the German 1st Parachute Division under Generalleutnant Richard Heidrich, and assaulting Canadian troops from the 1st Canadian Infantry Division under Major General Christopher Vokes. It was the culmination of the fighting on the Adriatic front in Italy during "Bloody December". The battle was known to those who fought it as the "Italian Stalingrad,": 289  and as "Little Stalingrad", for the brutality of its close-quarters combat, which was only worsened by the chaotic rubble of the town and the many booby traps used by both sides. The battle took place in the small Adriatic Sea town of Ortona (Abruzzo), with a peacetime population of 10,000.
2011 BNP Paribas Open – Women's doubles
The 2011 BNP Paribas Open – Women's doubles was an event of the 2011 BNP Paribas Open tennis tournament. It was the 37th edition of the event, known as the BNP Paribas Open, and was classified as a Premier Mandatory event on the 2011 WTA Tour. The tournament took place at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California, United States from March 7 through March 20, 2011.

The women's doubles draw consisted of 32 teams of which eight were seeded. Květa Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Klaudia Jans and Alicja Rosolska.
Unseeded pair Sania Mirza and Elena Vesnina won the tournament, defeating 8th seeds Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Meghann Shaughnessy 6–0, 7–5 in the final.

2011 BNP Paribas Open
The 2011 BNP Paribas Open was a tennis tournament played at Indian Wells, California in the United States. It was the 38th edition of the men's event (23rd for the women), known as the Indian Wells Open, and was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2011 ATP World Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2011 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California, United States from March 7 through March 20, 2011.
Somethin' Else (The Kingston Trio album)
Somethin' Else is an album by the American folk music group the Kingston Trio, released in 1965 (see 1965 in music). It was the first Kingston Trio principal album to miss the charts completely. The lead-off single was "Parchment Farm" b/w "Runaway Song".

Parchman Farm (song)
"Parchman Farm" or "Parchman Farm Blues" is a blues song first recorded by American Delta blues musician Bukka White in 1940. It is an autobiographical piece, in which White sings of his experience at the infamous Mississippi State Penitentiary, otherwise known as Parchman Farm.

Jazz pianist-vocalist Mose Allison adapted it for his own "Parchman Farm" and "New Parchman", which are among his most popular songs.  Numerous artists have recorded their own renditions, usually based on Allison's songs.
Junior Tafa
Pascall Saumani Milo Jr. (born 21 September 1996), known as Junior Tafa, is an Australian mixed martial artist, former professional kickboxer and boxer who currently competes in the Heavyweight and Light Heavyweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

Heavyweight (MMA)
The heavyweight division in mixed martial arts (MMA) generally includes fighters between 206–265 lb (93.4–120.2 kg).

Although many ambiguities exist within the lowerweight classes regarding division naming and weight limits, the heavyweight division is, for the most part, uniform.  The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and most other North American MMA organizations such as Bellator MMA, WSOF, and King of the Cage (KOTC) abide by this interpretation to their 206–265 lb athletes as heavyweights. ONE Championship's heavyweight division is at 226–265 lb. Pancrase's overweight division was 198.4–220.5 lb (90.0–100.0 kg) before being revised to its current 205–264.5 lb (93.0–120.0 kg).

The heavyweight upper weight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 265 lb (120 kg).
Susu box
In Ghanaian culture, a susu box, or money box, is a small box made of wood or metal and sometimes clay with a small hole or slit created on top of the box for money to be dropped in. It is an equivalent to the piggy bank.

Culture of Ghana
Ghana is a country of 33.48 million people and many native groups, such as:

The Akans in the center and South of the country,

The Ga and Adangbe in, around, and East of Accra,

The Guan people in the rainforest,

The Dagombas, Mamprusi, and related peoples in the North,

The Gurunsi languages speaking peoples in the far North,

The Gonjas in the Northern Region.

English is the official language, with the indigenous Twi of the Ashantis, the Fante language, and the Akwapem language (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akuapem_people), Frafra, Dangme, Ga, Dagbani, Mampruli, Gonja, and Ewe also having official status, and being taught in schools as indigenous (local) languages in the respective areas where they are predominant.
Heresy in Christianity
Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

As Christianity became established as a church, it defined orthodoxy and combated deviation from it by developing ecclesiastical, universal, and ecumenical councils. Excommunication, inquisition, and execution (by civil authorities) were used against heretics who refused to recant, and major heresies were sometimes dealt with by military crusades. With the growth of toleration and ecumenicalism, inquisitions have been abandoned.

The first Christian executed for heresy was Priscillian in 385 CE, and the last was Cayetano Ripoll, (accused of Deism) in 1826 CE.
Some notable heresies in Christian history have been Arianism, Marcionism, Donatism, Catharism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Pelagianism, Conciliarism, and Lollardy.

Donatism
Donatism was a schism from the Catholic Church in the Archdiocese of Carthage from the fourth to the sixth centuries. Donatists argued that Christian clergy must be faultless for their ministry to be effective and their prayers and sacraments to be valid. Donatism had its roots in the long-established Christian community of the Roman province Africa Proconsularis (present-day Tunisia, the northeast of Algeria, and the western coast of Libya) and Mauretania Tingitana (roughly with the northern part of present-day Morocco), in the persecutions of Christians under Diocletian. Named after the Berber Christian bishop Donatus Magnus, Donatism flourished during the fourth and fifth centuries. Donatism mainly spread among the indigenous Berber population, and Donatists were able to blend Christianity with many of the Berber local customs.
Bi-partisan appointment republican model
The Bi-partisan appointment republican model was a proposal for Australian constitutional reform. If approved at referendum, the model would have established Australia as a republic with a Head of State appointed by the Australian Federal Parliament. The model was put to the people at the November 1999 republican referendum and was defeated by 54.4% of voters.

Australian Republic Movement
The Australian Republic Movement (ARM) is a non-partisan organisation campaigning for Australia to become a republic. The ARM is a company with membership restricted by its constitution and decisions controlled by its directors. The ARM and its supporters have promoted various models of a republic, including parliamentary republicanism, and the organisation has branches active in all states and territories.
Medipally Nakkartha, Telangana
Medipally Nakkartha is a village located in Yacharam Mandal, Rangareddy district, Telangana, India, with a population of approximately 5,000 people. This village has a high school and a primary school, both are run by the government of Telangana. The primary languages used are that of Telugu and Urdu. The village sits at an elevation of 523 meters above the sea level.

Yacharam
Yacharam is a village and mandal in Ranga Reddy district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is located in Yacharam mandal of Ibrahimpatnam revenue division. The Yacharam Police Station is a part of the law and order of the region.
Conclusion (book)
In a non-fiction book, a conclusion is an ending section which states the concluding ideas and concepts of the preceding writing. This generally follows the body or perhaps an afterword, and the conclusion may be followed by an epilogue, outro, postscript, appendix/addendum, glossary, bibliography, index, errata, or a colophon. Aristotle, in The Rhetoric, tells us a good writer should do this in the conclusion: "make the audience well-disposed towards ourselves and ill-disposed to our opponent."

Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon (/ˈkɒləfən, -fɒn/) is a brief statement containing information about the publication of a book such as an "imprint" (the place of publication, the publisher, ISBN and the date of publication).

A colophon may include the device (logo): 69  of a printer or publisher. Colophons are traditionally printed at the ends of books (see History below for the origin of the word), but sometimes the same information appears elsewhere (when it may still be referred to as colophon) and many modern (post-1800) books bear this information on the title page or on the verso of the title leaf, which is sometimes called a biblio page or (when bearing copyright data) the copyright page.
Okumura Masanobu
Okumura Masanobu (Japanese: 奥村 政信; 1686 – 13 March 1764) was a Japanese print designer, book publisher, and painter. He also illustrated novelettes and in his early years wrote some fiction. At first his work adhered to the Torii school, but later drifted beyond that. He is a figure in the formative era of ukiyo-e doing early works on actors and bijin-ga ("pictures of beautiful women").

Bunraku
Bunraku (文楽; Japanese pronunciation: [bɯꜜn.ɾa.kɯ]) is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in the beginning of the 17th century, which is still performed in the modern day. Three kinds of performers take part in a bunraku performance: the Ningyōtsukai or Ningyōzukai (puppeteers), the tayū (chanters), and shamisen musicians. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used.
The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called jōruri and the Japanese word for puppet (or dolls, generally) is ningyō. It is used in many plays.
1987 DFB-Supercup
The 1987 DFB-Supercup was the inaugural DFB-Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions.

The match was played at the Waldstadion in Frankfurt, and contested by league champions Bayern Munich and cup winners Hamburger SV.

Franz Beckenbauer Supercup
The Franz Beckenbauer Supercup or German Super Cup is an annual football match in Germany that features the winners of the Bundesliga championship and the DFB-Pokal. The competition is run by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (English: German Football League).
Danagla
The Danagla (Arabic: الدناقلة, "People of Dongola") are a Nubian tribe in northern Sudan primarily settling between the third Nile cataract and al Dabbah. Along with Kenzi, Fadicca, Halfawi, Sikot, and Mahas, they form a significant part of the Nubians. They traditionally speak the Nubian Dongolawi or Andaandi language, which in the 19th century was still spoken as far south as Korti and probably even further upstream. Today it is threatened by complete replacement by Arabic as it is only spoken among parts of the population, especially the elders, although there are a lot of initiatives to revive it among the young generations. Due to this some modern scholars count the Danagla to the Nubians instead of the Sudanese Arabs, although many Danagla consider themselves to be a branch of the Arab Ja'alin tribe, who claim to descend from Abbas.

Sudanese Arabs
Sudanese Arabs (Arabic: عرب سودانيون, romanized: ʿarab sūdāniyyūn) are the inhabitants of Sudan who identify as Arabs and speak Arabic as their mother tongue. 
Sudanese Arabs make up 70% of the population of Sudan; however, prior to the independence of South Sudan in 2011, Sudanese Arabs made up 40% of the population. They are Sunni Muslims and speak Sudanese Arabic.
Oscar Crow House
The Oscar Crow House is a historic house at 404 Washington Street in Star City, Arkansas.  The single story wood-frame house was built in 1929 by Robert and Doug Verdue for Oscar Crow, owner of a local drug store.  The Craftsman style house resembles a shotgun house, but does not exactly follow that form, because its rooms do not progress linearly from the front.  The front of the house has a recessed porch supported by box columns, with a vent placed in the gable-end pediment.  The front entry is flanked by three-over-one sash windows.  The north (right side) elevation has four three-over-one windows that are irregularly spaced, and the south side has two such windows, also irregularly spaced.  The rear of the house also has a recessed porch.  Exposed rafters decorate the roof line.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992, as a well-preserved example of restrained Craftsman style.

Star City, Arkansas
Star City is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Arkansas, United States. Incorporated in 1876, the city is located between the Arkansas Delta and the Arkansas Timberlands. With an economy historically based on agriculture, today Star City has developed a diverse economy based on both industry and agriculture. As of the 2020 census, Star City had a population of 2,173.
1–5 and 6 Sydney Place
1–5 and 6 Sydney Place, South Kensington, are a group of large terrace houses situated on the corner of Sydney Place and Fulham Road in London, United Kingdom. Sydney Place leads into Onslow Square. The buildings have been listed Grade II as a group on the National Heritage List for England since 1969.

The buildings span 5 floors and the freehold is owned by the Wellcome Trust. They stand four storeys high and cover over 5600 square feet.

Designed by George Basevi in the early nineteenth century, they were built by Charles James Freake between 1844 and 1845. At the end of the century, 1 Sydney Place changed from a residential to a commercial building. Until its acquisition by an interior designer company in 2017, the building had been home to a branch of HSBC bank.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
Talbieh Camp
Talbieh Camp (or Talbiyye or Talbiyeh) (Arabic: مخيم الطالبية) is one of the 10 officially recognized UNRWA Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan. It is located about 35 kilometres (22 miles) south of Amman, placing it within the main urban area of Al-Jeezah, immediately to the west of where Desert Highway passes through the town. The refugee camp is also slightly south of the more recently built Queen Alia International Airport.

The camp covers an area of 0.13 km2 (0.050 sq mi), making it Jordan's largest refugee camp as far as the amount of state land used, the land was donated by three of Sheikh Mithqal Al-Fayez's sons: Akef, Trad, and Talal Al-Fayez. Other refugee camps in Jordan cover more land overall, such as Baqa'a on 1.4 km2 (0.54 sq mi) and Zaatari on 5.2 km2 (2.0 sq mi).

Al-Jizah, Jordan
Al-Jizah (also spelled Jize), historically known as Ziza or Zizia, is a town in northwestern Jordan. It is the 22nd district of the Amman Governorate. During the medieval period it served as a waystation for pilgrims en route to the Hajj in Mecca. This function ceased in the 17th century, though a fort remained there, however was later reinstated when the Al-Fayez clan of the Bani Sakher gained the rights for Hajj protection in the 18th century. The region has been one of the Al-Fayez strongholds ever since.
2019 Asia-Pacific Lacrosse Championship
The 2019 Asia-Pacific Lacrosse Championships is an international lacrosse competition held in Gyeongju, South Korea from 21 to 29 June 2019. Both a men's and women's tournament was held in this iteration of the Asia-Pacific Lacrosse Championship

Asia-Pacific Lacrosse Championship
The Asia Pacific Lacrosse Championship (also known as the ASPAC Lacrosse Championship) is an international lacrosse competition contested to determine the best lacrosse national team in the Asia Pacific region. The first edition was played in Australia, the same year the Asia Pacific Lacrosse Union was organized. The following edition was held in Japan in 2005. Since then the competition is held every two years. A women's competition was introduced in 2009.
Nieuwveen
Nieuwveen is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland, located close to the border of province North Holland, about 35 kilometers (22 miles) southwest of the city of Amsterdam. It is a part of the municipality of Nieuwkoop (until 2007: Liemeer), and lies about 9 kilometers (6 miles) northeast of Alphen aan den Rijn.

In 2001, the town of Nieuwveen had 2,806 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.73 km², and contained 931 residences.
The statistical area "Nieuwveen", which also can include the peripheral parts of the village, as well as the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 3,630 people.

Zevenhoven was added to the municipality of Nieuwveen in 1991, and the municipality was renamed Liemeer in 1994. The Jostiband Orchestra was founded here.

Nieuwkoop
Nieuwkoop (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈniukoːp] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality was enlarged on 1 January 2007, through the amalgamation of Liemeer and Ter Aar. The municipality now covers an area of 91.16 km2 (35.20 sq mi) of which 13.11 km2 (5.06 sq mi) is water. Its population was 29,151 in 2021.

On May 3, 2008, the Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad published an article which stated that Nieuwkoop is the safest municipality of the Netherlands.

The municipality of Nieuwkoop includes the following communities: