hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sangat Island
Sangat Island is a tiny island in the Philippines situated 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) off the coast of Busuanga close to Barangay Bintuan, Coron in the northern part of the Calamian Islands in the province of Palawan in the Philippines. The Calamian Islands are known for their many natural attractions and is a popular attraction for tourists and cruise lines.

Tourism is the main income for the local community and a significant part of the island has been transformed into a resort with rentable cottages and exclusive villas. The island and resort is frequented by common tourists and scuba divers who seek to explore some of the many Japanese shipwrecks still in the area around the Calamian Islands since World War II.

Calamian Islands
The Calamian Islands or the Calamianes is a group of islands in the province of Palawan, Philippines. The archipelago comprises the islands of Coron, Culion, Busuanga, and Linapacan, along with numerous smaller islands.
Allan Cameron (British Army officer)
Major Allan John Cameron, MBE, JP, DL (25 March 1917 – 4 December 2011) was a Scottish soldier, landowner and curler. He served in the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders during the Second World War, rising to the rank of Major. He helped to found the International Curling Federation, the predecessor to the World Curling Federation, and served as its president from 1966 to 1969.

Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders or 79th (The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders) Regiment of Foot was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1793. It amalgamated with the Seaforth Highlanders (the Duke of Albany's) to form the Queen's Own Highlanders in 1961.
Someshwar Fort
Someshwar Fort is the highest peak in Bihar, India. It is a part of the Someshwar Range, and is situated in the district of West Champaran. It has an elevation about 880 metres (2,890 ft). The fort itself is a ruin.

West Champaran district
West Champaran district is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just 60 km (37 mi) west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km2(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division. The district headquarters are located in Bettiah. The district is known for its open border with Nepal.
One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for SAIL Special Processing Unit and Bhitiharwa where Mahatma Gandhi started Satyagrah Aandolan.

The district produces the most sugarcane across the state of Bihar in 2022.
Music of Georgia (country)
Georgia has rich and still vibrant traditional music, primarily known for arguably the earliest polyphonic tradition of the Christian world. Situated on the border of Europe and Asia, Georgia is also the home of a variety of urban singing styles with a mixture of native polyphony, Middle Eastern monophony and late European harmonic languages. Georgian performers are well represented in the world's leading opera troupes and concert stages.

Drone (sound)
In music, a drone is a harmonic or monophonic effect or accompaniment where a note or chord is continuously sounded throughout most or all of a piece.  A drone may also be any part of a musical instrument used to produce this effect; an archaic term for this is burden (bourdon or burdon) such as a "drone [pipe] of a bagpipe", the pedal point in an organ, or the lowest course of a lute. Α burden is also part of a song that is repeated at the end of each stanza, such as the chorus or refrain.
Human variability
Human variability, or human variation, is the range of possible values for any characteristic, physical or mental, of human beings.

Frequently debated areas of variability include cognitive ability, personality,  physical appearance (body shape, skin color, etc.) and immunology.
Variability is partly heritable and partly acquired (nature vs. nurture debate).
As the human species exhibits sexual dimorphism, many traits show significant variation not just between populations but also between the sexes.

Quantitative trait locus
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a locus (section of DNA) that correlates with variation of a quantitative trait in the phenotype of a population of organisms. QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait. This is often an early step in identifying the actual genes that cause the trait variation.
Idlib insurgency
The Idlib insurgency was an insurgency during the Syrian civil war in Idlib Governorate between multiple factions. The conflict was primarily between the supporters of Syrian Salvation Government and forces loyal to Syrian Arab Republic. Other factions participating in insurgency range from the Syrian opposition forces in the Syrian National Army, supported by Turkey, to supporters of Al-Qaeda branch Hurras al-Din and members of the Islamic State. The insurgency was marked by assassinations and bombings, as well as armed confrontations with small arms and raids.

Sham Legion
The Sham Legion (Arabic: فَيْلَق الشَّام, Faylaq al-Shām lit. Levant Legion) was an alliance of Sunni Islamist rebel groups formed in March 2014, during the Syrian Civil War. The alliance was formed from 19 different groups, some of which were previously affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood of Syria and the Shields of the Revolution Council.

At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference, which was held on 29 January 2025, most factions of the armed opposition, including the Sham Legion, announced their dissolution and were incorporated into the newly formed Ministry of Defense.
Science Verse
Children's literature portal

Science Verse is a 2004 children's picture book written by Jon Scieszka and illustrated by Lane Smith. It received the Picture Book prize in the 2005 Golden Duck Awards. The book, published by Viking Press, is a follow-up to Math Curse.

Math Curse
Math Curse is a children's picture book written by Jon Scieszka and illustrated by Lane Smith. Published in 1995 through Viking Press, the book tells the story of a student cursed by how mathematics is connected to everyday life. In 2009, Weston Woods Studios, Inc. released a film based on the book.
Tidal tail
A tidal tail is a thin, elongated region of stars and interstellar gas that extends into space from a galaxy. Tidal tails occur as a result of galactic tide forces between interacting galaxies. Examples of galaxies with tidal tails include the Tadpole Galaxy and the Mice Galaxies. Tidal forces can eject a significant amount of a galaxy's gas into the tail; within the Antennae Galaxies, for example, nearly half of the observed gaseous matter is found within the tail structures.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
Kaituna Valley Scenic Reserve
Kaituna Valley Scenic Reserve is a public conservation reserve on Banks Peninsula south of Christchurch, New Zealand. It sits halfway up Kaituna Valley, and is the only remaining forest on the valley floor.

Podocarpus totara
Podocarpus totara (/ˈtoʊtərə/), commonly known as the tōtara, is a species of podocarp tree endemic to New Zealand. Found across New Zealand, the tree can grow up to a height of 35 m (115 ft), and is known for its longevity.

The wood of tōtara is rot-resistant, and prized in Māori culture, and was often used as a material to create large-scale waka.
2007 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 2007 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 76th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Roscommon entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Laois in the All-Ireland quarter-final.

On 16 September 2007, Galway won the championship following a 1-10 to 1-9 defeat of Derry in the All-Ireland final. This was their sixth All-Ireland title overall and their first title in 21 championship seasons.

2006 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 2006 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 75th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Down entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Cavan in the Ulster preliminary round.

On 23 September 2006, Roscommon won the championship following a 1-10 to 0-9 defeat of Kerry in the All-Ireland final. This was their fourth All-Ireland title overall and their first title in 55 championship seasons.
Maria Est
Maria Atoll is an uninhabited small atoll of the Tuamotu group in French Polynesia. It is located in the far southeast of the archipelago, about 72 km (45 mi) southwest from Marutea Sud. Maria's closest neighbour is the small atoll of Matureivavao of the  Acteon Group, 56 km (35 mi) to the northwest.

Maria Atoll is oval in shape and bound by a continuous reef. It is 5.6 km long and 2.9 km wide. Its islands are low and flat and the lagoon is hypersaline.

This atoll is mostly called "Maria Est" in order to avoid confusion with another small atoll called Maria (Nororotu) in the Tubuai (Austral Islands) division of French Polynesia.

Matureivavao
Matureivavao, or Maturei-vavao is an uninhabited atoll in the Acteon Group in the southeastern part of the Tuamotu Islands. It is the largest atoll within the Acteon Group, and like others in this group, is administratively part of the commune of the Gambier Islands.
El Tepehuaje de Morelos
El Tepehuaje de Morelos is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,331. The town was named after Mexican independence insurgent José María Morelos.

San Martín de Hidalgo
San Martín de Hidalgo, formerly San Martín de la Cal, is the largest town and municipal seat of San Martín de Hidalgo Municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. As of 2015, the town had a population of 7,819. It is located 16 km (10 miles) southeast of the city of Ameca and 13 km (8 miles) northwest of the city of Cocula.

Tourism in San Martín de Hidalgo mainly relies on either architecture, hiking, or gastronomy.
2022 USFL season
The 2022 USFL season was the inaugural season of the United States Football League, and the first season of a league using that name since 1985. The season began on April 16 and concluded on July 3. The league's eight teams represent various geographical locales and associated team names that were part of the 1984 season of the original USFL. For 2022, all regular-season games were played in Birmingham, Alabama, at Protective Stadium (Weeks 1–7, 9) and at Legion Field (Weeks 8 & 10).

The USFL played its postseason games at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium, adjacent to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio. The Birmingham Stallions won the USFL Championship game against the Philadelphia Stars on July 3.

Protective Stadium
Protective Stadium is an outdoor multi-purpose stadium located in downtown Birmingham, Alabama, United States. It is owned and operated by the Birmingham-Jefferson Civic Center Authority (BJCC). The stadium officially opened in 2021 and is named for Protective Life, a financial services holding company based in Birmingham, under a 15-year naming rights agreement worth $1 million annually.

The stadium serves as the home venue for the UAB Blazers football team, the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL), and Birmingham Legion FC of the USL Championship. It also hosts the annual Birmingham Bowl, a post-season college football bowl game.

The stadium was constructed as part of a larger redevelopment plan for downtown Birmingham and has quickly become a central hub for sports and entertainment events in the region.
Schreyerite
Schreyerite (V2Ti3O9), is a vanadium, titanium oxide mineral found in the Lasamba Hill, Kwale district in Coast Province, Kenya. It is polymorphous with kyzylkumite.

The mineral occurs as exsolution lamellae and particles in rutile, coexisting with kyanite, sillimanite, and tourmaline in a highly metamorphosed gneiss. It was named after German mineralogist and petrologist Werner Schreyer, for his research on mineralogy of rock-forming minerals and petrology of metamorphic rocks both in nature and by experiment.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
2019 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships
The 2019 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships was held in Mont-Sainte-Anne, Canada, from August 28 to September 1, 2019. This was the 30th edition of the most prestigious mountain bike event on the calendar, held annually since 1990, and the senior and under-23 cross-country races also functioned as a qualifier for the cross-country race at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

UCI Mountain Bike World Championships
The UCI Mountain Bike World Championships are the world championship events for mountain bike racing in the disciplines of cross country, downhill, and four-cross. They are organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the governing body of world cycling.

The first three finishers in each discipline at the World Championships are awarded gold, silver, and bronze medals. The winner of each discipline is also entitled to wear the rainbow jersey in events of the same discipline until the following year's World Championships. Unlike other UCI-sanctioned mountain-bike races, the competitors in the World Championships represent national rather than commercial teams. The World Championships are usually held towards the end of the season.
Huan-a
Huan-a (Chinese: 番仔; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoan-á) is a Hokkien-language term used by Hokkien speakers in multiple countries, namely Mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, etc. The word itself when dissected means 番; hoan; 'foreign', + 仔; á; 'diminutive noun suffix', but to the ethnic Chinese that settled overseas in Taiwan and Maritime Southeast Asia, it soon came to refer to native Southeast Asians and Taiwanese aborigines.

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
2017 NCAA Division I cross country championships
Tense

The 2017 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships was the 79th annual NCAA Men's Division I Cross Country Championship and the 37th annual NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA Division I men's and women's collegiate cross country running in the United States. In all, four different titles were contested: men's and women's individual and team championships.

Held on November 18, 2017, the combined meet was hosted by the University of Louisville at E. P. "Tom" Sawyer State Park in Louisville, Kentucky. The distance for the men's race was 10 kilometers (6.21 miles) while the distance for the women's race was 6 kilometers (3.73 miles).

NCAA Division I men's cross country championships
The NCAA Division I men's cross country championships (formerly the NCAA University Division cross country championships) are contested at an annual meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate cross country running among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every fall (typically in November) since the NCAA split into its current three-division format in 1973.

Teams and individual runners qualify for the championship at regional competitions approximately a week before the national championships.

Arkansas has been the most successful program, with eleven national titles.

Oklahoma State is the defending team national champion, winning their sixth title in 2025.
Epi tou eidikou
The epi tou eidikou (Greek: ἐπὶ τοῦ εἰδικοῦ [λόγου], lit. 'in charge of the special [department]'), also known simply as the [e]idikos, meaning 'Special Secretary', or, from the 11th century on, as the logothetes  tou eidikou, was an official of the Byzantine Empire who controlled the department known as eidikon, a special treasury and storehouse.

J. B. Bury
John Bagnell Bury FBA (/ˈbjʊəri/; 16 October 1861 – 1 June 1927) was an Anglo-Irish historian, classical scholar, Medieval Roman historian and philologist. He objected to the label "Byzantinist" explicitly in the preface to the 1889 edition of his Later Roman Empire. He was Erasmus Smith's Professor of Modern History at Trinity College Dublin (1893–1902), before being Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge and a Professorial Fellow of King's College, Cambridge from 1902 until his death.
2015 Renault Sport Trophy
The 2015 Renault Sport Trophy season was the inaugural season of the Renault–supported touring car category, a one-make racing series that is part of the World Series by Renault. The season began at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps on 30 May and finished on 18 October at Circuito de Jerez. The series formed part of the World Series by Renault meetings at six triple header rounds.

Andrea Pizzitola won the Elite Class, Dario Capitanio gained both the Prestige Class and the Endurance Trophy, sharing the car with David Fumanelli. Oregon Team won the teams' championship.

Renault Sport Series
The Renault Sport Series (formerly known as World Series by Renault) was a motor racing series. The series latterly consisted of the Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0, and used to contain the Renault Sport Trophy and the Formula Renault 3.5 Series. The F4 Eurocup 1.6 was made part of the World Series in 2010, but was then folded for 2011. The flagship for the Renault Sport Series from its beginning to 2015 was the Formula Renault 3.5 Series (often referred to as simply World Series by Renault or simply WSR). It became the Formula V8 3.5 in 2016, when Renault Sport retired its backing. In 2020 Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 folded into the Formula Regional European Championship.
Concerto grosso in D major, Op. 6, No. 4 (Corelli)
Concerto grosso in D major, Op. 6, No. 4, is a composition by Arcangelo Corelli, and was published as the fourth concerto in his Twelve Concerti Grossi, Op. 6 in 1714. This concerto grosso is the second most notable of the twelve, after No. 8, the famous Christmas Concerto. No. 4 is mainly notable for its overall joyfully charged sound, making it a frequently used example when demonstrating Corelli's renowned cantabile style.

Christmas Concerto
Concerto grosso in G minor, Op. 6, No. 8, by Arcangelo Corelli, known commonly as the Christmas Concerto, was commissioned by Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni and published posthumously in 1714 as part of Corelli's Twelve concerti grossi, Op. 6. The concerto bears the inscription Fatto per la notte di Natale ("made for the night of Christmas"). Its composition date is uncertain, but there is a record of Corelli having performed a Christmas concerto in 1690 for the enjoyment of his new patron.

The concerto is scored for an ensemble consisting of two concertino violins and cello, ripieno strings and continuo. The work is structured as a concerto da chiesa, in this case expanded from a typical four movement structure to six:

Each relatively short movement provides multiple tempi and a range of major and minor suspensions. The concerto is generally no longer than fifteen minutes, ending with Corelli's famous Pastorale ad libitum, a peaceful 128 finale in the pastorale form.
Cathedral of St Michael and St John
Cathedral of St Michael and St John is a heritage-listed Roman Catholic cathedral at 107 William Street, Bathurst, Bathurst Region, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Charles Hansom and built from 1857 to 1861 by Edward Gell. It is also known as Cathedral of Saints Michael and John. The cathedral is the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Bathurst. The property is owned by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bathurst. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 5 June 2012.

Bathurst Regional Council
Bathurst Regional Council is a local government area in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.  The area is located adjacent to the Great Western Highway, Mid-Western Highway, Mitchell Highway and the Main Western railway line. At the 2021 census, the Bathurst Region had a population of 43,567.

The administrative centre of the area is located in the city of Bathurst, approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Sydney.

The mayor of Bathurst is Cr. Robert 'Stumpy' Taylor, Deputy Mayor being Cr. Benjamin Fry, both unaligned politicians.
Goldschmidtfjella
Goldschmidtfjella is a mountain in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It forms a 6 kilometer long nunatak in the glacier Osbornebreen, north of the head of St. Jonsfjorden, and reaches an altitude of 581 meters. The mountain is named after geologist and mineralogist Victor Moritz Goldschmidt. Nearby mountains are Carlsfjella to the west and Devikfjellet to the east.

Devikfjellet
Devikfjellet is a mountain in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located between the glaciers Osbornebreen and Devikbreen, northeast of the head of St. Jonsfjorden, and has an altitude of 860 meters. The mountain is named after physicist Olaf Devik. Nearby mountains are Krymlefjellet to the north and Klampen to the south.
Government College, Nedumangad
Government College Nedumangad is an educational institution in Nedumangad Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. The college is affiliated to Kerala University and is a special grade college under the Department of Collegiate Education, Government of Kerala. The college has been accredited by NAAC. It provides graduate and postgraduate education in arts and commerce subjects. The college is affiliated with Kerala University.

University of Kerala
University of Kerala, commonly referred to as Kerala University (KU, ISO: Kēraḷa Sarvakālāśāla), formerly known as University of Travancore is a public state university in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala, India. It was established in 1937 by a promulgation of the Maharajah of Travancore, Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma who was also the first Chancellor of the university. C. P. Ramaswamy Iyer, the then Diwan (Prime Minister) of the State was the first Vice-Chancellor. It was the first university in Kerala, and among the first in the country. It is accredited by NAAC with highest grade of 'A++' and scored 3.67 points out of 4.

The university has over 150 affiliated colleges and has sixteen faculties and 43 Departments of teaching and research. The Governor of Kerala serves as the Chancellor of university.