hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Symplectic sum
In mathematics, specifically in symplectic geometry, the symplectic sum is a geometric modification on symplectic manifolds, which glues two given manifolds into a single new one. It is a symplectic version of connected summation along a submanifold, often called a fiber sum.

The symplectic sum is the inverse of the symplectic cut, which decomposes a given manifold into two pieces. Together the symplectic sum and cut may be viewed as a deformation of symplectic manifolds, analogous for example to deformation to the normal cone in algebraic geometry.

The symplectic sum has been used to construct previously unknown families of symplectic manifolds, and to derive relationships among the Gromov–Witten invariants of symplectic manifolds.

Gromov–Witten invariant
In mathematics, specifically in symplectic geometry and algebraic geometry, Gromov–Witten (GW) invariants are rational numbers that, in certain situations, count the number of curves (pseudoholomorphic or algebraic) meeting prescribed conditions in a given ambient space (a symplectic manifold or a smooth projective variety).

The GW invariants may be packaged as a homology or cohomology class in an appropriate space, or as the deformed cup product of quantum cohomology. These invariants have been used to distinguish symplectic manifolds that were previously indistinguishable. They also play a crucial role in closed type IIA string theory. They are named after Mikhail Gromov and Edward Witten.

The rigorous mathematical definition of Gromov–Witten invariants is lengthy and difficult, so it is treated separately in the stable map article. This article attempts a more intuitive explanation of what the invariants mean, how they are computed, and why they are important.
Dead Christ Supported by Two Angels (Bellini, Berlin)
Dead Christ Supported by Two Angels is a tempera-on-panel painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Giovanni Bellini, now in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin. It is dated to 1465–1470, as shown by similarities to his 1464 San Vincenzo Ferrer Polyptych, an early mature work.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
Prata di Pordenone
Prata di Pordenone (Friulian: Prate) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) southwest of Pordenone.

Prata di Pordenone borders the following municipalities: Brugnera, Mansuè, Pasiano di Pordenone, Porcia, Pordenone, Portobuffolé.

The city is home to the headquarters of the furniture company Friul Intagli Industries S.p.A.

Porcia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Porcia (pronounced [porˈtʃiːa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of Pordenone.
Modified endowment contract
A modified endowment contract (MEC) is a cash value life insurance contract in the United States where the premiums paid have exceeded the amount allowed to keep the full tax treatment of a cash value life insurance policy. In a modified endowment contract, distributions of cash value are taken from taxable gains first as compared to distributions taken from non taxable contributions. In other words, withdrawals will typically be taxed as ordinary income (typically the highest rates for investments) instead of treated as non taxable income.

Endowment policy
An endowment policy is a life insurance contract designed to pay a lump sum after a specific term (on its 'maturity') or on death. These are long-term policies, often designed to repay a mortgage loan, with typical maturities between ten and thirty years within certain age limits.  Some policies also insure additional risks, such as critical illness.

Policies are either traditional with-profits or unit-linked (including unitised with-profits funds).  With both types of policy, the value varies with the underlying investments, but the mechanism by which growth is allocated varies. The sum insured remains payable on death or other insured events.
Churchend, Eastington
Churchend is a hamlet in Gloucestershire, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Stroud. It is part of the civil parish of Eastington.

The church of St Michael and All Angels dates from the 14th century and is a grade II* listed building.

Eastington, Stroud
Eastington is a village and civil parish in  Gloucestershire, England. It lies 4 miles west of Stroud and 9 miles south of Gloucester at the entrance to the Stroud Valley. It is west of the town of Stonehouse and south of Junction 13 of the M5 motorway and the A38 and A419 roads. Since the M5 and its access roads were opened, the main road no longer runs through the village.
Slugblaster
Slugblaster, subtitled Kickflip Over a Quantum Centipede, is an indie tabletop role-playing game created by Mikey Hamm about teenagers who explore other realities and participate in a hoverboards-based skateboarding-like subculture called 'slugblasting' to achieve fame and recognition. Slugblaster rules are based on Blades in the Dark. Slugblaster was published in 2021, and a Game of the Year edition was published by Mythworks in 2024.

Indie role-playing game
An indie role-playing game is a role-playing game published by individuals or small press publishers, in contrast to games published by large corporations. Indie tabletop role-playing game designers participate in various game distribution networks, development communities, and gaming conventions, both in person and online. Indie game designer committees grant annual awards for excellence.

In the early 2000s, indie role-playing discussion forums such as The Forge developed innovative design patterns and theories. In 2010, the game Apocalypse World established the popular design framework Powered by the Apocalypse, inspiring hundreds of similar games. Starting in the early 2010s, indie game publishing provided new opportunities for LGBTQ writers to share underrepresented stories.

Common examples of indie role-playing games include Apocalypse World and the Powered by the Apocalypse framework, The Quiet Year, Fiasco, Fall of Magic, Blades in the Dark, and Dialect.
Erna Beilhardt
Erna Beilhardt (7 February 1907 – 1999) was a German female guard at Stutthof concentration camp during the Holocaust. A member of the SS-Aufseherin, or overseer, Beilhardt was also a nurse affiliated with the German Red Cross during the last year of World War II. According to a Polish historian, Beilhardt is the only  SS guard at Stutthof known to have voluntarily resigned from their position after receiving training.

Beilhardt still expressed some support for the Nazi ideology at her trial, albeit she stopped short of being willing to personally abuse or kill prisoners. She eventually resigned after growing increasingly disturbed by the cruelty of her fellow guards.

Female guards in Nazi concentration camps
SS-Aufseherin (pl. SS-Aufseherinnen; German: [ˈaʊ̯fˌzeːəʁɪn] ⓘ; lit. 'female SS overseer') was the position title for a female guard in Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Female camp personnel were members of the SS-Gefolge auxiliary organization, which served the SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV) in a limited capacity as these women were not formally recognized as members of the Schutzstaffel (SS).
Yesvantpur–Bidar Express
The 16571 / 16572 Yesvantpur-Bidar Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that run between Yesvantpur Junction and Bidar. 
The Railway Board has decided to extend the services of Yesvantpur–Bidar Express train services up to Latur in Maharashtra for three days a week from February 2018, the South Western Railway has said in a release.
in India.

South Western Railway zone
The South Western Railway (abbreviated SWR) is one of the 19 railway zones of Indian Railways, headquartered at Hubballi in the Indian state of Karnataka. SWR was created from carving out the routes from Southern Railways, South Central Railways and Central Railways in 2003.
Los Angeles Flower District
The Flower District of Downtown Los Angeles is a six block floral marketplace, consisting of nearly 200 wholesale flower dealers, located within the LA Fashion District. What started almost 100 years ago as a small flower mart near Santa Monica, California, has grown into the United States' largest wholesale flower district in its current downtown location. The Market is open very early in the morning, Monday–Saturday, and closes in the early afternoon. Every commercially available cut flower can be purchased there.

Los Angeles Fashion District
The Los Angeles Fashion District, previously known as the garment district, is a business improvement district (BID) in, and often cited as a sub-neighborhood of, downtown Los Angeles.  The neighborhood caters to wholesale selling and has more than 4,000 overwhelmingly independently owned and operated retail and wholesale businesses selling apparel, footwear, accessories, and fabrics.
2006 New Mexico gubernatorial election
The 2006 New Mexico gubernatorial election was a race for the governor of New Mexico held on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Democratic Governor Bill Richardson was running for re-election. He faced Republican John Dendahl in the general election and won by a landslide. As of 2025, this was the last time a male candidate was elected Governor of New Mexico.

The scale of Richardson's lopsided victory was nearly unprecedented in the traditionally competitive state. Richardson's 68.82% share of the vote is the highest achieved by any gubernatorial candidate in the state by a wide margin, beating the previous record of 60.21% set in 1964. Richardson came within six votes of sweeping every county the state, a feat that has never been achieved in any gubernatorial (or presidential) election in the state.

Eddy County, New Mexico
Eddy County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 62,314. Its county seat and largest city is Carlsbad. The county was created in 1891 and later organized in 1892. It is north of the Texas state line.

Eddy County comprises the Carlsbad-Artesia, NM Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is located in this county. Eddy County is the location of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant.
Wrede passage
The Wrede passage (Finnish: Wreden pasaasi; also known as the "Old merchant alley", Finnish: Vanha kauppakuja, or the "Grandma tunnel", Finnish: Mummotunneli) is an entity formed by two stone buildings in Kluuvi, Helsinki, Finland. The name refers also to the merchant alley stretching throughout the block. The passage is formed by the Wrede house in the corner between Pohjoisesplanadi and Mikonkatu (Pohjoisesplanadi 35) and the Central house in the corner between Aleksanterinkatu and Mikonkatu (Aleksanterinkatu 46). The building entity represents Renaissance Revival architecture and was designed and partly commissioned by architect Karl August Wrede, and built in 1888 and 1892.

Kluuvi
Kluuvi (Finnish: [ˈkluːʋi]; Swedish: Gloet) is the commercial centre of Helsinki, Finland, and a neighbourhood in the Vironniemi district of Helsinki. The Helsinki Central railway station, Hotel Kämp and Hotel Arthur, the Helsinki main post office, the Stockmann, Kämp Galleria, and Sokos department stores, the Kluuvi shopping centre and the main offices of Finnish banks are located in Kluuvi. Kluuvi includes the central campus of the University of Helsinki, the Ateneum art museum, the Finnish National Theatre and the movie theatres Maxim, Kinopalatsi and Bristol. The northeastern part of Kluuvi, which includes the Kaisaniemi park, is commonly called Kaisaniemi, but it is not the official name of any neighbourhood in Helsinki.

The neighbourhood is home to 23,000 jobs and several hundred inhabitants.

The official name of the neighbourhood is very seldom used in everyday speech, Helsinkians usually refer to the area as "the centre" (keskusta) or "the core centre" (ydinkeskusta).
James Truesdell Kilbreth
James Truesdell Kilbreth (March 12, 1841 – June 23, 1897) was a lawyer, judge and political figure who served as Collector of the Port of New York, an important federal government post in pre-Sixteenth Amendment times, when customs duties and excise taxes were the primary sources of US federal government revenue.

Collector of the Port of New York
The Collector of Customs at the Port of New York, most often referred to as Collector of the Port of New York, was a federal officer who was in charge of the collection of import duties on foreign goods that entered the United States by ship at the Port of New York.

In addition to its control of import duties, the office controlled and distributed a large number of lucrative federal jobs, making it among the most important political patronage positions in the United States government. Disputes over control of the office, particularly between the President and United States Senators from New York, who traditionally advised on political appointments within the state, were a key aspect of the national debate over civil service reform in the nineteenth century.

The best-known individual to hold the position was Chester A. Arthur, who served as collector from 1871 to 1878 and who later served as the 21st president of the United States.
Traumatic cardiac arrest
Traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) is a condition in which the heart has ceased to beat due to blunt or penetrating trauma, such as a stab wound to the thoracic area. It is a medical emergency which will always result in death without prompt advanced medical care.  Even with prompt medical intervention, survival without neurological complications is rare. In recent years, protocols have been proposed to improve survival rate in patients with traumatic cardiac arrest, though the variable causes of this condition as well as many coexisting injuries can make these protocols difficult to standardize. Traumatic cardiac arrest is a complex form of cardiac arrest often derailing from advanced cardiac life support in the sense that the emergency team must first establish the cause of the traumatic arrest and reverse these effects, for example hypovolemia and haemorrhagic shock due to a penetrating injury.

Medical emergency
A medical emergency is an acute injury or illness that poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long-term health, sometimes referred to as a situation risking "life or limb". These emergencies may require assistance from another, qualified person, as some of these emergencies, such as cardiovascular (heart), respiratory, and gastrointestinal cannot be dealt with by the victim themselves. Dependent on the severity of the emergency, and the quality of any treatment given, it may require the involvement of multiple levels of care, from first aiders through emergency medical technicians, paramedics, emergency physicians and anesthesiologists.

Any response to an emergency medical situation will depend strongly on the situation, the patient involved, and availability of resources to help them. It will also vary depending on whether the emergency occurs whilst in hospital under medical care, or outside medical care (for instance, in the street or alone at home).
1961 George Washington Colonials football team
The 1961 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 1961 college football season. In their first season under head coach Jim Camp, the Colonials compiled a 3–6 record (3–4 in conference games), finished in sixth place in the SoCon, and outscored opponents by a total of 143 to 121.

The team's statistical leaders included quarterback Bill Hardy (373 passing yards), Dick Drummond (632 rushing yards, 183 receiving yards, 30 points scored).

The team played its home games at District of Columbia Stadium in Washington, D.C.

Jim Camp
James Vernon Camp (August 8, 1924 – January 31, 2002) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at George Washington University from 1961 to 1966, compiling a record of 23–34.  A native of Danville, Virginia, Camp played college football
at Randolph–Macon College in 1942 and at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1944 to 1947.  He played professionally for one season, in 1948, with the Brooklyn Dodgers of the All-America Football Conference  (AAFC).
Al-Jahra SC
Al Jahra Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي الجهراء الرياضي) is a Kuwaiti professional football club based in Jahra. They won the Kuwaiti Premier League once, in 1990. Al Jahra reached the Kuwait Emir Cup final twice in recent times, 1996 and 2002, where they lost to Al Arabi 1–2 and Kuwait Club 0–1.

Al-Jahra also offers various sports such as basketball, volleyball, boxing, and prides itself in fencing.

Kuwait SC
Kuwait Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الكويت الرياضي) is a Kuwaiti professional football club based in Kuwait City. Their football team has won Kuwait Premier League 19 times and has won over 50 trophies overall. The club plays in the Al Kuwait Sports Club Stadium located in Kaifan, which is the 5th largest stadium in Kuwait. It is the first Kuwaiti club to ever win an Asian title, having won the 2009 AFC Cup, 2012 AFC Cup and 2013 AFC Cup.
K. B. Singh
Kunwar Bachint Singh OBE (1905 – 1979) was an Indo-Fijian teacher and politician. He arrived in Fiji in 1927 as a teacher for the Arya Samaj but his association with Vishnu Deo led him to play an active role in aggressively promoting the Arya Samaj and finally into politics. He was elected into the Legislative Council as a protégé of Vishnu Deo but after the election took an independent stance opposed to the wishes of the majority of the Indo-Fijians. He supported nominated rather than elected representation, actively supported the war effort and even attempted to set up a farmers union opposed to a number of existing unions. The Government rewarded him for his loyalty by nominating him into the Legislative Council three times, appointing him as a Justice of the Peace and as the first Indo-Fijian member of the Executive Council.

Vishnu Deo
Pt. Vishnu Deo (Hindi: विष्णु देव) OBE (17 July 1900 – 7 May 1968) was the first Fiji born and bred leader of the Indo-Fijians. From his initial election to the Legislative Council in 1929 to his retirement in 1959, he remained the most powerful Indo-Fijians political leader in Fiji. He was a staunch supporter of Arya Samaj in Fiji and also the editor of the first successful Hindi-language newspaper to be published in Fiji.
Hesweiler
Hesweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Zell, whose seat is in the municipality of Zell an der Mosel.

Cochem-Zell
Cochem-Zell (German: Landkreis Cochem-Zell) is a district (Kreis) in the north-west of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bernkastel-Wittlich, and Vulkaneifel.
Public transport in Frankfurt am Main
The public transport system in Frankfurt is part of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (abbreviated: RMV) transport network and consists of several carriers who all use the same fare system. Therefore, one ticket is valid for a journey which may include several modes of transit run by different operators. 
The fares are paid in advance of travel at a ticket vending machine or at the driver on board a bus. There are no turnstiles or other controlling barriers; instead, a proof-of-payment system is used. Plainclothes fare inspectors are employed and carry out random checks to ensure passengers have paid. If found to be travelling without a ticket, then they are required to pay a fine.

Frankfurt (Main) Süd station
Frankfurt (Main) Süd (Frankfurt (Main) South) or Frankfurt Südbahnhof is one of three railway stations for long-distance train services in Frankfurt, Germany.  Unlike Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof it is not a terminus but a through station, and has nine tracks with five platforms. It is a stopping station for some long-distance routes (ICE, IC) and for regional traffic (Regional-Express and RegionalBahn). It is also one of the major rapid-transit railway hubs in the city with S-Bahn and U-Bahn services.
2015 WNBA All-Star Game
The 2015 WNBA All-Star Game is an exhibition basketball game. It was played on July 25, 2015. The Connecticut Sun hosted a WNBA All-Star Game for the fourth time. The Sun previously hosted the game in 2005, 2009, and 2013.

Starters for the game were selected by fan voting. Fans were able to select three frontcourt players and two guards. Elena Delle Donne of the Chicago Sky led voting with 18,034 votes. Maya Moore won the MVP of the All-Star game and led the Western Conference to a 117–112 victory over the Eastern Conference.

2009 WNBA All-Star Game
The 2009 WNBA All-Star Game was played on July 25, 2009 at Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut, home of the Connecticut Sun. The game was the 9th annual WNBA All-Star Game. This was the second time Connecticut had hosted the basketball showcase, after previously hosting the 2005 game.
Isobutyric acid
Isobutyric acid, also known as 2-methylpropanoic acid or isobutanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula (CH3)2CHCOOH. It is an isomer of butyric acid. It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Deprotonation or esterification gives derivatives called isobutyrates.

Isobutyric acid is a colorless liquid with a somewhat unpleasant odor.  It is soluble in water and organic solvents.  It is found naturally in carobs (Ceratonia siliqua), in vanilla, and in the root of Arnica dulcis, and as an ethyl ester in croton oil.

Short-chain fatty acid
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fatty acids of two to six carbon atoms. The SCFAs' lower limit is interpreted differently, either with one, two, three or four carbon atoms.  Derived from intestinal microbial fermentation of indigestible foods, SCFAs in human gut are acetic, propionic and butyric acid. Butyrate is the main energy source of colonocytes, making them crucial to gastrointestinal health. SCFAs all possess varying degrees of water solubility, which distinguishes them from longer chain fatty acids that are immiscible.