hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kivikoski
Kivikoski is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruno Kivikoski (1892–1982), Finnish diplomat and lawyer

Ella Kivikoski (1901–1990), Finnish archaeologist

Erkko Kivikoski (1936–2005), Finnish film director and screenwriter

Finnish name
In Finland, a person must have a surname and at least one given name with up to four given names permitted. Surnames are inherited either patrilineally or matrilineally, while given names are usually chosen by a person's parents. Finnish names come from a variety of dissimilar traditions that were consolidated only in the early 20th century. The first national act on names came into force in 1921, and it made surnames mandatory. Between 1930 and 1985, the Western Finnish tradition whereby a married woman took her husband's surname was mandatory. Previously in Eastern Finland, this was not necessarily the case. On 1 January 2019, the reformed Act on Forenames and Surnames came into force.

Finnish given names are often of Christian origin (e.g., Jukka from Greek Johannes), but Finnish and Swedish origins are also common.
Yellow-eyed junco
The yellow-eyed junco (Junco phaeonotus) is a species of junco, a group of small New World sparrows.

Its range is primarily in Mexico, extending into some of the mountains of the southern tips of the U.S. states of Arizona and New Mexico. It is not generally migratory, but sometimes moves to nearby lower elevations during winter. The female lays three to five pale gray or bluish-white eggs in an open nest of dried grass two to three times a year. Incubation takes 15 days, and when hatched, the chicks are ready to leave the nest two weeks later. This bird's diet consists mainly of seeds, berries and insects.

Johann Georg Wagler
Johann Georg Wagler (28 March 1800 – 23 August 1832) was a German herpetologist and ornithologist.

Wagler was assistant to Johann Baptist von Spix, and gave lectures in zoology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich after it was moved to Munich. He worked on the extensive collections brought back from Brazil by Spix, and published partly together with him books on reptiles from Brazil. Wagler wrote Monographia Psittacorum (1832), which included the correct naming of the blue macaws.

In 1832, Wagler died of an accidental self-inflicted gunshot wound while out collecting in München-Moosach.
The Battle of Cassel
The Battle of Cassel (French: Bataille de Cassel) is an 1837 history painting by the Dutch artist Hendrik Scheffer. It depicts the Battle of Cassel fought on 23 August 1328. Part of the Flemish Revolt, it ended in a decisive victory for the French under Philip VI the first king of the Valois Dynasty. Fought near Cassel in Flanders it led to the death of the rebel commander Nicolaas Zannekin the scene the painting portrays.

Scheffer was part of the Romantic movement, then at its height. The painting was commissioned in 1835 at the cost of 12,000 Francs by Louis Philippe I for the new Musée de l'Histoire de France at the Palace of Versailles. It was displayed at the Salon of 1837, held at the Louvre in Paris. Today the painting is in the Galerie des Batailles at Versailles.

Galerie des Batailles
The Galerie des Batailles (French: [ɡalʁi de bataj]; English: "Gallery of Battles") is a gallery occupying the first floor of the Aile du Midi of the Palace of Versailles, joining onto the grand and petit appartement de la reine. 120 m (390 ft) long and 13 m (43 ft) wide, it is an epigone of the Grande Galerie of the Louvre and was intended to glorify French military history from the Battle of Tolbiac (traditionally dated 496) to the Battle of Wagram (5–6 July 1809).
Chitakatira High School
Chitakatira High School is a co-educational school from First Form to Sixth Form located on the outskirts of Mutare, Zimbabwe, about 23 kilometers from the City of Mutare. It is situated along the Burma Valley road. It was established in the early 1980s after Zimbabwean Independence.

Mutare
Mutare, known as Umtali until 1982, is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland. It is the third-largest city in Zimbabwe. Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe.

Located near the border with Mozambique, Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber, papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition the city serves as a gateway to the scenic Eastern Highlands, nearby Gorongosa National Park, and the Mozambique coast.
Flavobacterium ahnfeltiae
Flavobacterium ahnfeltiae  is a Gram-negative, polysaccharide-degrading, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Flavobacterium which has been isolated from the alga Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis.

Flavobacterium
Flavobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species.  Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish.

Flavobacterium psychrophilum causes the bacterial cold water disease on salmonids and the rainbow trout fry disease on rainbow trout.
F. columnare causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes.
F. branchiophilum causes the bacterial gill disease on trout.  Another member of this genus, F. okeanokoites is the original source for the type IIs restriction endonuclease FokI, used in Zinc finger nucleases and TALENs.

Species who are a part of the genus Flavobacterium are most likely found scattered along in nature. These microbes are mostly found in aquatic ecosystems and wet areas with freshwater or seawater.
2018–19 Piala Indonesia
The 2018–19 Piala Indonesia (known as the Krating Daeng Piala Indonesia for sponsorship reasons) was the seventh edition of Piala Indonesia. It began with the first round on 8 May 2018, and concluded with the finals on 21 July and 6 August 2019. The winner would qualify for the play-off round of the 2020 AFC Cup.

2012 Piala Indonesia winners Persibo were the defending champions, as there were no competition from 2013 to 2017 for various reasons, but they were eliminated in the first round by Madura United.

PSM won the competition by defeating Persija 2–1 on aggregate in the two-legged finals, winning their first title.

2012 Piala Indonesia
The 2012 Piala Indonesia was the sixth edition of Piala Indonesia, the nationwide football cup tournament in Indonesia, involving professional clubs from Indonesian Premier League and Premier Division. Sriwijaya FC was the tournament's defending champions. However, the team did not join Piala Indonesia that season due to being one of the Indonesia Super League teams.

Persibo Bojonegoro of East Java won the championship after defeating Semen Padang of West Sumatra in the final.

The cup winner qualified for the 2013 AFC Cup.
Delta Muscae
Delta Muscae, Latinized from δ Muscae, often catalogued as HD 112985,  is a spectroscopic binary star system in the southern constellation of Musca (the Fly), at a distance of approximately 27.8 parsecs (91.0 light years). The main star is classified as a giant star with an orange tint. It is one of the stars given a Bayer designation by astronomer Johann Bayer. It was recorded in Bayer's 1603 publication Uranometria. In addition it is one of the main stars used in the visual formation of the Musca constellation.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Montenegrin nobility
The Montenegrin nobility (1852–1918) are notable people of the Principality of Montenegro and the Kingdom of Montenegro who hold titles such as Veliki Vojvoda (Grand Duke), Knez (Prince), Vojvoda (Duke), Serdar (Count), and Guvernadur (Governor). The titles are hereditary or personal. Focusing on the Montenegrin nobility of the late 19th century surrounding the then recent secularization of the Principality under Danilo II and his court, excluding the older traditional clan nobility.

Principality of Montenegro
The Principality of Montenegro (Serbian: Књажевина Црна Горa / Knjaževina Crna Gora) was a principality in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910. It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I, who then became King of Montenegro.

The capital was Cetinje and the Montenegrin perper was used as the state currency from 1906. The territory corresponded to the central area of modern-day Montenegro. It officially was a constitutional monarchy.
Manny Nosowsky
Manny Nosowsky (born January 1932, in San Francisco, CA) is a U.S. crossword puzzle creator. A medical doctor by training, he retired from a San Francisco urology practice and, beginning in 1991, has created crossword puzzles that have been published in The New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and many other newspapers.  Will Shortz, the crossword puzzle editor for The New York Times, has described Nosowsky as "a national treasure" and included four Nosowsky puzzles in his 2002 book Will Shortz's Favorite Crossword Puzzles.  Since Shortz became editor of the Times crossword in November 1993, Nosowsky has published nearly 250 puzzles there, making him by far the most prolific published constructor in the Times.  Nosowsky is frequently chosen to produce puzzles for the American Crossword Puzzle Tournament.

Will Shortz
William F. Shortz (born August 26, 1952) is an American cruciverbalist and editor of The New York Times crossword. He graduated from Indiana University with a degree in the invented field of enigmatology. After starting his career at Penny Press and Games magazine, he was hired by The New York Times in 1993.

Shortz's American Crossword Puzzle Tournament is the country's oldest and largest crossword tournament.
Palomar Transient Factory
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF, obs. code: I41), was an astronomical survey using a wide-field survey camera designed to search for optical transient and variable sources such as variable stars, supernovae, asteroids and comets. The project completed commissioning in summer 2009, and continued until December 2012. It has since been succeeded by the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), which itself transitioned to the Zwicky Transient Facility in 2017/18. All three surveys are registered at the MPC under the same observatory code for their astrometric observations.

Astronomical survey
An astronomical survey is a general map or image of a region of the sky (or of the whole sky) that lacks a specific observational target.  Alternatively, an astronomical survey may comprise a set of images, spectra, or other observations of objects that share a common type or feature. Surveys are often restricted to one band of the electromagnetic spectrum due to instrumental limitations, although multiwavelength surveys can be made by using multiple detectors, each sensitive to a different bandwidth.

Surveys have generally been performed as part of the production of an astronomical catalog. They may also search for transient astronomical events. They often use wide-field astrographs.
Teays Valley Local School District
Teays Valley Local School District is a school district in Pickaway County, Ohio, United States. It services the communities of South Bloomfield, Ashville, Commercial Point, and Amanda; in addition, students from Circleville and Grove City attend.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Bjølsegrøvvatnet
Bjølsegrøvvatnet is a lake in Kvam Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 5.82-square-kilometre (2.25 sq mi) lake lies at an elevation of 880 metres (2,890 ft) above sea level in the mountains east of the Fyksesund fjord and northwest of the village of Ålvik. It has a dam on the southeastern tip of the lake to regulate the amount of water in it. The lake is used as a reservoir for the nearby Bjølvo hydroelectric power station.

Fyksesund
Fyksesund (lit. 'Fykse Sound') is a fjord in Kvam Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) long fjord is a branch off of the main Hardangerfjorden. It sits between the villages of Øystese and Ålvik, and it is surrounded by the Fyksesund Landscape Park. The fjord is spanned by the Fyksesund Bridge, which was opened by Crown Prince Olav in 1937.
Rail transport in Guernsey
There have been two railways within the state territories of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British Crown Dependency comprising six inhabited islands.

The Guernsey Railway operated from 1879 to 1934 on the principal island, Guernsey.

The Alderney Railway opened in 1847 and continues to operate on the second largest island of the bailiwick, Alderney.

During World War II, German engineers built, modified and extended rail lines on both Alderney and Guernsey

Alderney Railway
The Alderney Railway on Alderney is the only railway in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, and the only working railway in the Channel Islands (there is a standard gauge railway at the Pallot Heritage Steam Museum in Jersey, but this provides no actual transport link, only pleasure rides). The Alderney Railway opened in 1847 and runs for about 2 miles (3.2 km), mostly following a coastal route, from Braye Road to Mannez Quarry and Lighthouse.

The railway is run by volunteers and usually operates during summer weekends and bank holidays.
Mavka
Mavka (Ukrainian: Мавка [ˈmɑu̯kɐ]) or Nyavka (Ukrainian: Нявка [ˈnʲɑu̯kɐ]) is a type of female spirit in Ukrainian folklore and mythology. The Mavka is a long-haired "Soul of the Forest", typically depicted as a temptress figure who lures men to their deaths.

Lesya Ukrainka
Lesya Ukrainka (Ukrainian: Леся Українка, romanized: Lesia Ukrainka, pronounced [ˈlɛsʲɐ ʊkrɐˈjinkɐ]; born Larysa Petrivna Kosach, Ukrainian: Лариса Петрівна Косач; 25 February [O.S. 13 February] 1871 – 1 August [O.S. 19 July] 1913) was one of Ukrainian literature's foremost writers, best known for her poems and plays. She was also an active political, civil, and female rights activist.

Among her best-known works are the collections of poems On the Wings of Songs (1893), Thoughts and Dreams (1899), Echos (1902), the epic poem Ancient Fairy Tale (1893), One Word (1903), and the plays Princess (1913), Cassandra (1903–1907), In the Catacombs (1905), and Forest Song (1911).
Excelsior (chess problem)
"Excelsior" is one of Sam Loyd's most famous chess problems, originally published in London Era in 1861.
In 1867, it participated together with five other problems as a set in an international problem tournament. The motto for the full set was "Excelsior" (eng. 'Ever upward'), generally known as the title of the poem "Excelsior" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and as that term is very fitting for this particular problem, it is generally associated with it. It is not to be confused by a popular 1958 study of the same name by Russian chess composer Vladimir Korolkov, which has a similar thematic motif.

Chess problem
A chess problem, also called a chess composition, is a puzzle created by the composer using chess pieces on a chessboard, which presents the solver with a particular task. For instance, a position may be given with the instruction that White is to move first, and checkmate Black in two moves against any possible defence. A chess problem fundamentally differs from over-the-board play in that the latter involves a struggle between Black and White, whereas the former involves a competition between the composer and the solver. Most positions which occur in a chess problem are unrealistic in the sense that they are very unlikely to occur in over-the-board play. There is a substantial amount of specialized jargon used in connection with chess problems.
Sejong SA FC
Sejong SA FC (Korean: 세종 SA FC) is a South Korean football club based in the city of Sejong. The club was founded on 7 January 2025 and competes in the K4 League, the fourth tier of men's football in South Korea.

K4 League
The K4 League (Korean: K4리그) is the fourth-highest division in the South Korean football league system. It is regarded as the successor to the K3 League Basic, the second division of amateur K3 League founded in 2017.

Since 2021, Korea Football Association has allowed reserve teams of the K League to join the K4 League.
Novoye, Kaliningrad Oblast
Novoye (Russian: Новое; Lithuanian: Tremavas) is an abandoned rural locality in Pravdinsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It has a population of 0 (2010 Census).

The Załuski and Hordziewicz Polish noble families lived in the village.

Pravdinsky District
Pravdinsky District (Russian: Пра́вдинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,300 square kilometers (500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pravdinsk. Population: 19,061 (2010 Census); 21,076 (2002 Census); 19,555 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pravdinsk accounts for 22.7% of the district's total population.
Kantishna River
The Kantishna River (Lower Tanana: Khenteethno) is a 108-mile (174 km) tributary of the Tanana River in the U.S. state of Alaska. Formed by the confluence of the McKinley River with Birch Creek in Denali National Park and Preserve, it drains part of the north slope of the Alaska Range including the Denali massif. The direction of flow is generally north-northeast. The Toklat River is a major tributary.

Denali National Park and Preserve
Denali National Park and Preserve, formerly known as Mount McKinley National Park, is a United States national park and preserve located in Interior Alaska, centered on Denali, the highest mountain in North America. The park and contiguous preserve encompass 6,045,153 acres (2,446,387 ha; 9,446 sq mi; 24,464 km2) which is larger than the state of New Hampshire. On December 2, 1980, 2,146,580-acre (3,354 sq mi; 8,687 km2) of Mount McKinley's Wilderness was established within the park. Denali's landscape is a mix of forest at the lowest elevations, including deciduous taiga, with tundra at middle elevations, and glaciers, snow, and bare rock at the highest elevations. The longest glacier is Kahiltna Glacier. Wintertime activities include dog sledding, cross-country skiing, and snowmobiling. The park received 594,660 recreational visitors in 2018.
Aphaneramma
Aphaneramma is an extinct genus of marine temnospondyl amphibian. It lived during the Early Triassic epoch, approximately 252–247 Ma ago, and had a global distribution.

Fossils have been found in the Mianwali Formation of Pakistan, Madagascar,  the Zhitkov Formation of Russia, the Vikinghøgda Formation (Kongressfjellet Formation) of Svalbard (Norway), and the Blina Shale of Western Australia .

Aphaneramma had a skull about 40 centimetres (16 in) in length. Its jaws were very long, similar to the extant gharial's, and lined with small teeth. This adaptation suggests that it may have preyed on fish. A marine lifestyle for this animal was proposed.

Aphaneramma is closely related to Cosgriffius from North America.

Cosgriffius
Cosgriffius is an extinct genus of trematosaurian temnospondyl within the family Trematosauridae. It was described in 1993 by Samuel P. Welles based on a single partial skull from the well-known Meteor Crater Quarry (Early Triassic Moenkopi Formation) in Arizona that also produced more abundant remains of the capitosaur Wellesaurus peabodyi. The skull was long and slender, features typically associated with the trematosaurid subfamily Lonchorhynchinae. This is the only trematosaurid known from western North America.
Die Rheinpfalz
Die Rheinpfalz (German: [diː ˈʁaɪnˌpfalts]) is a German–language regional newspaper based in Ludwigshafen, Germany. The paper is one of the leading newspapers which serve the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Ludwigshafen
Ludwigshafen, officially Ludwigshafen am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌhaːfn̩ ʔam ˈʁaɪn] ⓘ; meaning "Ludwig's Port upon the Rhine"; Palatine German: Ludwichshafe or Lumpehafe), is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the river Rhine (Upper Rhine), opposite Mannheim. With Mannheim, Heidelberg, and the surrounding region, it forms the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region.

Known primarily as an industrial city, Ludwigshafen is home to BASF, the world's largest chemical producer, and other companies. Among its cultural facilities are the Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz.

It is the birthplace and death place of the former Chancellor of Germany, Helmut Kohl.

In 2012, Ludwigshafen was classified as a global city with 'Sufficiency' status by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC).
Muzaffarpur - Dehradun Express
The Muzaffarpur–Dehradun Express (train numbers 15001/15002) is a weekly train service connecting Muzaffarpur Junction (MFP) in Bihar to Dehradun railway station (DDN) in Uttarakhand.

The Muzaffarpur–Dehradun Express is a vital train for the people of North Bihar as it provides a direct and convenient connection to Dehradun and Haridwar, important centers for education, tourism, and pilgrimage. This is the only train that directly connects North Bihar to Devbhumi Uttarakhand and has high demand throughout the year due to its importance and convenience.

Dehradun railway station
Dehradun Terminal railway station is a railway station in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, on the Northern line of the Northern Railway network. It is owned by Indian Railways.

It was established in 1899 by the British.

The station is the Inter State Bus Terminal (ISBT), which is 4+1⁄2 kilometres (2+3⁄4 mi) from the bus stand and the main taxi stand.

The nearest airport to the station is the Jolly Grant Airport, about 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the station.

It is the last station on the Northern railway line in the area.
2012 Open Diputación Ciudad de Pozoblanco
The 2012 Open Diputación Ciudad de Pozoblanco was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It takes place in Pozoblanco, Spain between August 6 and 12, 2012.

Open de Tenis Ciudad de Pozoblanco
The Open Ciudad de Pozoblanco is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour and was part of the ITF Women's Circuit. It was held at the Club Tenis Pozoblanco in Pozoblanco, Spain from 1992 to 2014 before starting back again in 2018.