hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Danny Watts Jr.
Danny Watts Jr. (born March 14, 1961) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who currently fields the No. 82 part-time for Woody Pitkat in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour.

Watts was previously a competitor of the tour, having made his debut at Thompson Speedway Motorsports Park in 1989. After retiring after the 2015 season, he fielded his own team in the Tour, and ran full-time until the end of 2023.

As a car owner, Watts has three career wins on the NWMT, one each with Ron Silk, Woody Pitkat, and Craig Lutz. Ted Christopher was his driver when he lost his life in a plane crash in 2017.

Watts has also previously competed in the SMART Modified Tour, the now defunct NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour, the Southern Modified Race Tour, and the World Series of Asphalt Stock Car Racing.

Ted Christopher
Theodore Christopher (June 5, 1958 – September 16, 2017) was an American professional racing driver and business owner who raced and won in many different types of race cars, including Modifieds, SK Modifieds, ISMA, Camping World East Series, Late Models, Pro Stocks, and Midgets.  He also raced in NASCAR's now named Monster Energy Cup Series, Xfinity Series, and Camping World Truck Series. He is best known for competing in NASCAR's Whelen Modified Tour, where he has over forty victories and a championship in 2008. He was also well known for his success on the 1.058 mile New Hampshire Motor Speedway where Christopher has won five Camping World East Series events and 5 Whelen Modified Tour events.

Christopher was an aggressive driver, known for his infamous "Three Tap Rule" when passing cars in front of him, though his driving style changed in his later career and brought more success to his racing career.
Isaac Levi
Isaac Levi (June 30, 1930 – December 25, 2018) was an American philosopher who served as the John Dewey Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University. He is noted for his work in epistemology and decision theory.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
European Socialists (Georgia)
European Socialists (Georgian: ევროპელი სოციალისტები, romanized: evrop'eli sotsialist'ebi) is a political party in Georgia. The party was founded on January 9, 2021, by four MPs who separated from the right-wing populist Alliance of Patriots. It did not participate in the 2024 parliamentary election, however, it is represented in the 11th convocation of Parliament of Georgia by 3 MPs who broke away from the ruling Georgian Dream party.

European Socialists advanced the ruling party's agenda and have been described as pro-ruling party or as its proxy. The party has supported the "foreign agent bill", anti-LGBT policies, and other initiatives of Georgian Dream.

Election Administration of Georgia
The Election Administration of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს საარჩევნო ადმინისტრაცია, romanized: sakartvelos saarchevno administ'ratsia; SSA) is a permanent independent non-partisan body responsible for organizing national elections and referendums in Georgia in accordance with the Constitution of Georgia and the Electoral Code of Georgia.
The Best of The Doors (1973 album)
The Best of the Doors is a compilation album by the American rock band the Doors, released in September 1973 by Elektra Records. It was the third compilation album to be released by the band and contains seven of the Doors' eight Top 40 hits.

Robby Krieger
Robert Alan Krieger (born January 8, 1946) is an American guitarist and founding member of the rock band the Doors. Krieger wrote or co-wrote many of the Doors' songs, including the hits "Light My Fire", "Love Me Two Times", "Touch Me", and "Love Her Madly". When the Doors disbanded shortly after the death of lead singer Jim Morrison, Krieger continued to perform and record with other musicians including former Doors bandmates John Densmore and Ray Manzarek. In the 2023 edition of Rolling Stone's 250 greatest guitarists of all time, he was positioned at number 248.
Kafr al-Labad
Kafr al-Labad (Arabic: كفراللبد) is a Palestinian village in the Tulkarm Governorate in the northeastern West Bank, located 9 kilometers east of Tulkarm and two kilometers south of Anabta. Its population in 2017 was 4,747 according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. It has a total land area of 11,917 dunams, of which 25% is used for agricultural purposes. The town's main agricultural products are olives, fruits and wheat.

Tulkarm
32°18′45″N 35°1′36″E﻿ / ﻿32.31250°N 35.02667°E﻿ / 32.31250; 35.02667

Tulkarm or Tulkarem (Arabic: طولكرم, Ṭūlkarm) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine and the capital of the Tulkarm Governorate. Netanya is to the west in Israel, while Nablus and Jenin are to the east. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2017 Tulkarm had a population of 64,532. Tulkarm is under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority.
Martínez-Holguín House Museum
Martínez-Holguín House (Spanish: Casa Museo Martínez-Holguín) is a historic house museum in Atocha parish, in the northern suburbs of Ambato, Ambato Canton,  Tungurahua Province, Ecuador. It is situated in the Botanical Garden Atocha-La Liria, and dates to 1865, when it was built by Dr. Nicolás Martínez Vasconez. Since then, it has been the residence of several notable figures, including Luis A. Martínez, the author of the novel A la Costa and Minister of State and Education, who established the Colegio Normal de Agricultura in Ambato, and scientist Augusto Nicolás Martínez. It has since been converted into a wax museum.

Wax museum
A wax museum or waxworks usually consists of a collection of wax sculptures representing famous people from history and contemporary personalities exhibited in lifelike poses, wearing real clothes.

Some wax museums have a special section dubbed the "Chamber of Horrors", in which the more grisly exhibits are displayed. Some collections are more specialized, as, for example, collections of wax medical models once used for training medical professionals. Many museums or displays in historical houses that are not wax museums as such use wax figures as part of their displays. The origin of wax museums goes back to the early 18th century at least, and wax funeral effigies of royalty and some other figures exhibited by their tombs had essentially been tourist attractions well before that.
Williamson tradeoff model
The Williamson tradeoff model is a theoretical model in the economics of industrial organization which emphasizes the tradeoff associated with horizontal mergers between gains resulting from lower costs of production and the losses associated with higher prices due to greater degree of monopoly power.

The model was first presented by Oliver Williamson in his 1968 paper "Economies as an Antitrust Defense: The welfare tradeoffs" in the American Economic Review. Williamson argued that ignoring efficiencies that may result from proposed mergers in antitrust law "fail[ed] to meet the basic test of economic rationality".

Horizontal integration
Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions.

The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market for that product or service. Benefits of horizontal integration include: increasing economies of scale, expanding an existing market, and improving product differentiation.

Horizontal integration contrasts with vertical integration, where companies integrate multiple stages of production of a small number of production units.
Battle of Palonegro
The Battle of Palonegro was a battle in the Santander Department of Colombia, that lasted from May 11—26, 1900, in the early days of the Thousand Days War. The commanding general of the Liberal armies, Gabriel Vargas Santos, ordered his troops to retire to Palonegro, near the city of Bucaramanga in the Santander Department of Colombia. After the battle, the war escalated, and became one of the most brutal conflicts in early 20th century South America.

Santander Department
Santander (Spanish pronunciation: [santanˈdeɾ]) is a department of Colombia. Santander inherited the name of one of the nine original states of the United States of Colombia. It is located in the central northern part of the country, borders the Magdalena River to the east, Boyacá to the south and southeast, the Norte de Santander Department to the northeast, the Cesar Department to the north, the Bolivar and Antioquia Departments to the west. Its capital is the city of Bucaramanga.
Accidental Adversaries
Accidental Adversaries is one of the ten system archetypes used in system dynamics modelling, or systems thinking. This archetype describes the degenerative pattern that develops when two subjects cooperating for a common goal, accidentally take actions that undermine each other's success. It is similar to the escalation system archetype in terms of pattern behaviour that develops over time.

Peter Senge
Peter Michael Senge (born 1947) is an American systems scientist who is a senior lecturer at the MIT Sloan School of Management, co-faculty at the New England Complex Systems Institute, and the founder of the Society for Organizational Learning. He is known as the author of the book The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization (1990, rev. 2006).
Stepping Stone Model School
Stepping Stone Model School is a private English-medium school located in Alipurduar, West Bengal, India. The school is affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations(CICSE). It was established on January 13, 1988.

Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an academic qualification awarded by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of education in India. The CISCE conducts these examinations to assess students' performance in a course of general education, offered through the medium of English, and aligned with the recommendations of the New Education Policy 2020. The board facilitates these examinations for affiliated schools across various states and union territories, ensuring standardized evaluation and representation.
Girvan F.C.
Girvan Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Girvan, South Ayrshire. Nicknamed the Seasiders, they were formed in 1947 and play at Hamilton Park. They currently compete in the West of Scotland League Third Division.

Girvan
Girvan (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Gharbhain, "mouth of the River Girvan") is a burgh and harbour town in Carrick, South Ayrshire, Scotland. Girvan is situated on the east coast of the Firth of Clyde, with a population of about 6,450. It lies 21 miles (34 km) south of Ayr, and 29 miles (47 km) north of Stranraer, the main ferry port from Scotland to Northern Ireland.

Deriving its name from the river which runs through the landscape the etymology of Girvan has possible Brythonic origins, related to the Welsh: Gearafon or Gwyrddafon, "river flowing through the green flourishing place, from afon or avon, a river, and Gwyrdd, green, flourishing".
Henri de Boulainvilliers
Henri de Boulainvilliers (French: [aʁi d(ə) bulɛ̃vilje]; 21 October 1658, Saint-Saire, Province of Normandy – 23 January 1722, Paris) was a French nobleman, writer and historian. He was educated at the College of Juilly; he served in the army until 1697.

Primarily remembered as an early modern historian of France, Boulainvilliers also published an early French translation of Spinoza's Ethics and wrote on topics as diverse as astrology, physics, philosophy and theology. His theory that French nobility is of Germanic origins while the Third Estate is of Celtic Origin inspired Arthur de Gobineau.

The Comte de Boulainvilliers traced his lineage to the House of Croÿ, to Jean de Croÿ, sire de Clery et de Boulainviller, who died in the Battle of Poitiers (1356).  At the time of his birth, however, the family's fortune had declined significantly.  Much of Boulainvilliers' historical work and political life centered on the decline of the nobility.

Jan Baptist van Helmont
Jan Baptist van Helmont (/ˈhɛlmɒnt/ HEL-mont, Dutch: [ˈjɑm bɑpˈtɪst fɑn ˈɦɛlmɔnt]; 12 January 1580 – 30 December 1644) was a chemist, physiologist, and physician from Brussels. He worked during the years just after Paracelsus and the rise of iatrochemistry, and is sometimes considered to be "the founder of pneumatic chemistry". Van Helmont is remembered today largely for his 5-year willow tree experiment, his introduction of the word "gas" (from the Greek word chaos) into the vocabulary of science, and his ideas on spontaneous generation.
2020 Sydney SuperSprint
The 2020 Sydney SuperSprint (known for commercial reasons as the 2020 BP Ultimate Sydney SuperSprint) is a motor racing event for the Supercars Championship held on Saturday 27 June through to Sunday 28 June 2020. The event was held at Sydney Motorsport Park in Eastern Creek, New South Wales. It was the third event of the 2020 Supercars Championship and consisted of three races of 125 kilometres.

It marked the first round of the championship held since the COVID-19 pandemic caused the cancellation of races at the Melbourne 400 in March.

Sydney Motorsport Park
Sydney Motorsport Park (known until May 2012 as Eastern Creek International Raceway) is a motorsport circuit located on Brabham Drive, Eastern Creek (40-kilometres west of the Sydney CBD), New South Wales, Australia, adjacent to the Western Sydney International Dragway. It was built and is owned by the New South Wales Government and is operated by the Australian Racing Drivers Club.
Rob Heinsoo
Rob Heinsoo (born 1964) is an American tabletop game designer. He has been designing and contributing to professional role-playing games, card games, and board games since 1994. Heinsoo was the lead designer on the 4th Edition of Dungeons & Dragons (2008), and is co-designer of the 13th Age roleplaying game along with Jonathan Tweet. He has also designed and contributed to role playing, miniatures and card games, and a computer game.

Feng Shui (role-playing game)
Feng Shui is a martial arts-themed role-playing game, designed by Robin Laws, published first by Daedalus Entertainment and now by Atlas Games.  The game shares its setting with the collectible card game Shadowfist.  The system is simple, with most detail being in the game's combat system.  Combat is made to flow quickly, moving from one action scene to another very quickly.  It was inspired and based on Hong Kong style action movies.  
The characters begin at a high level of skill, as appropriate for protagonists in the source films.

After a successful Kickstarter, Atlas Games released a Second Edition of Feng Shui in late 2015, on the eve of the game's 20th anniversary of publication.
Bridge River Rapids
The Bridge River Rapids, also known as the Six Mile Rapids, the Lower Fountain, the Bridge River Fishing Grounds, and in the St'at'imcets language as Sat' or Setl, is a set of rapids on the Fraser River, located in the central Fraser Canyon at the mouth of the Bridge River six miles north of the confluence of Cayoosh Creek with the Fraser and on the northern outskirts of the District of Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada.

Cayoosh Creek
Cayoosh Creek is a northeast-flowing tributary of the Seton River in the Canadian province of British Columbia.  The name Cayoosh Creek remains on the bridge-sign crossing the stream on BC Highway 99 and continues in use locally to refer to the final reaches of the Seton River, formerly Seton Creek, which prior to the renaming ending at the confluence with Cayoosh Creek.  The creek is the namesake of Cayoosh Creek Indian Reserve No. 1, one of the main Indian reserves of the Cayoose Creek Indian Band (aka the Sekwelwas First Nation), which lies adjacent to what was renamed the Seton River without local consultation.
MPEG user data
The MPEG user data feature provides a means to inject application-specific data into an MPEG elementary stream. User data can be inserted on three different levels:

The sequence level

The group of pictures (GOP) level

The picture data level

Applications that process MPEG data do not need to be able to understand data encapsulated in this way, but should be able to preserve it.

Examples of information embedded in MPEG streams as user data are:

Aspect ratio information

"Hidden" information per the Active Format Description specification

Closed captioning per the EIA-708 standard

MPEG elementary stream
An elementary stream (ES) as defined by the MPEG data encoding protocol is usually the output of an audio encoder or video encoder. An ES contains only one kind of data (e.g. audio, video, or closed caption). An elementary stream is often referred to as "elementary", "data", "audio", or "video" bitstreams or streams. The format of the elementary stream depends upon the codec or data carried in the stream, but will often carry a common header when packetized into a packetized elementary stream.
Cumaribo
Cumaribo is a town and municipality located in the Department of Vichada, Republic of Colombia. Cumaribo was founded by Jose Nicolino Mattar in 1959.

In 2005 the municipality had an estimated total population of 28,718 inhabitants, 4,312 of these living in the head of the municipality or urban area. With an area of 65,193 square kilometres or 25,171 square miles, about the size of Lithuania, it is the largest municipality in Colombia.

Guahibo people
The Guahibo people are an Indigenous people native to the Llanos or savanna plains in eastern Colombia (Arauca, Meta, Guainia, and Vichada departments) and in southern Venezuela near the Colombian border. Their population was estimated at 23,772 people in 1998.

A related group, sometimes considered a sub-tribe of the Guahibo, are the Playero, whose population, estimated in the early 1980s at 200 people, live along the Arauca River.
Patroas 35%
Patroas 35%, also called Festa das Patroas 35%, is the second and final collaborative studio album by Marília Mendonça and Maiara & Maraisa released on 14 October 2021 by the record label Som Livre. It was also the last album released by Mendonça during her lifetime.

Patroas 35% was recorded during an online broadcast, and featured unreleased and partly original material. Two singles were released for the album, "Motel Afrodite" and "Não Sei o que Lá", and it was a continuation of the Patroas project, a collaboration between the artists. In 2022, Patroas 35% was nominated for a Latin Grammy Award for Best Sertaneja Music Album.

"Patroas 35%" was defined by Mendonça and Maiara & Maraisa as "the work of their lives," with the goal of leading to a tour in 2022, after the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. However, Mendonça died in a plane crash less than a month after the album's release.

Som Livre
Som Livre (Portuguese for "Free Sound") is a Brazilian record company that was founded in March 1969 in order to commercialize the soundtracks for TV Globo (its then parent company) soap operas and later expanded to recording studio albums.

Today, Som Livre is Brazil's largest domestic label and was formerly part of Grupo Globo, which is the biggest media conglomerate in Brazil. In November 2020, Globo placed the label up for sale. In April 2021, it was acquired by Sony Music Entertainment (initially for an undisclosed amount, later revealed to be USD 255 million). The sale was approved by the national competition regulator Cade on 4 November 2021 and was completed on 4 March 2022.
Outline of Samoa
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Samoa:

Samoa – sovereign island nation located in the western Samoan Islands archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean. Previous names were Samoa from 1900 to 1919, and Western Samoa from 1914 to 1997. It was admitted to the United Nations on 15 December 1976. The entire island group, inclusive of American Samoa, was known by Europeans as the Navigator Islands before the 20th century because of the Samoans' seafaring skills.

Economy of Samoa
The economy of Samoa is dependent on agricultural exports, development aid, and private financing from overseas. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 9% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil and copra. Outside of a large automotive wire harness factory, the manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. Tourism is an expanding sector; more than 70,000 tourists visited the islands in 1996 and 120,000 in 2014. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength factor for future economic advances.
J. F. C. Harrison
John Fletcher Clews Harrison (28 February 1921 – 8 January 2018), usually cited as J. F. C. Harrison, was a British academic who was Professor of History at the University of Sussex and author of books on history, particularly relating to Victorian Britain.

E. P. Thompson
Edward Palmer Thompson (3 February 1924 – 28 August 1993) was an English historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner. He is best known for his historical work on the radical movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, in particular The Making of the English Working Class (1963).

In 1966, Thompson coined the term "history from below" to describe his approach to social history, which became one of the most consequential developments within the global history discipline. History from below arose from the Communist Party Historians Group and its work to popularise historical materialism. Thompson's work is considered by some to have been among the most important contributions to social history in the latter twentieth-century, with a global impact, including on scholarship in Asia and Africa. In a 2011 poll by History Today magazine, he was named the second most important historian of the previous 60 years, behind only Fernand Braudel.
El Coco, Panamá Oeste
El Coco is a township (corregimiento) located in Panama Oeste Province, Republic of Panama, and is part of the populous district of La Chorrera. It had a population of 19,603 inhabitants as of 2010 and is part of the metropolitan area of Panama City.

La Chorrera, Panama
La Chorrera (Spanish pronunciation: [la tʃoˈreɾa]) is a city and municipality in central Panama, located about 30 km south-west of Panama City. It is the capital of the province of Panamá Oeste and one of the larger cities in the country and is fond of the phrase "La Bella, Enamoradora y Querendona, La Gran Chorrera", reportedly as a tribute to its beautiful women, kind people, and happy nightlife.

La Chorrera is renowned for its international fair and famous as being the home of Bollo and Chicheme. It is the home of San Francisco F.C., Mariano Rivera (five-time World Series champion with the New York Yankees), Vicente Mosquera (former World Boxing Champion), and José Luis Garcés.