hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalanchoe tetraphylla
Kalanchoe tetraphylla is a species of Kalanchoe native to Madagascar. It is a small shrub with a simple stout stem and usually two pairs of opposite leaves, closely related to Kalanchoe synsepala. Its scientific name is often misapplied by horticulturists to the continental southern African species Kalanchoe luciae.

Kalanchoe luciae
Kalanchoe luciae, the paddle plant or flapjacks, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Kalanchoe, native to northeast South Africa, Eswatini, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

K. luciae is often mistaken for a similar but rarely cultivated species, Kalanchoe thyrsiflora. K. luciae has larger, more vibrant leaves and develops white flowers with no noticeable scent, while K. thyrsiflora has fragrant, yellow flowers.
Relative canonical model
In the mathematical field of algebraic geometry, the relative canonical model of a singular variety of a mathematical object where 
is a particular canonical variety that maps to  , which simplifies the structure.

Cohen–Macaulay ring
In mathematics, a Cohen–Macaulay ring is a commutative ring with some of the algebro-geometric properties of a smooth variety, such as local equidimensionality. Under mild assumptions, a local ring is Cohen–Macaulay exactly when it is a finitely generated free module over a regular local subring. Cohen–Macaulay rings play a central role in commutative algebra: they form a very broad class, and yet they are well understood in many ways.

They are named for Francis Sowerby Macaulay (1916), who proved the unmixedness theorem for polynomial rings, and for Irvin Cohen (1946), who proved the unmixedness theorem for formal power series rings. All Cohen–Macaulay rings have the unmixedness property.

For Noetherian local rings, there is the following chain of inclusions.

Universally catenary rings ⊃  Cohen–Macaulay rings ⊃ Gorenstein rings ⊃ complete intersection rings ⊃ regular local rings
Antimotility agent
Antimotility agents are drugs used to alleviate the symptoms of diarrhea.  These include loperamide (Imodium), bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil), and opiates such as paregoric, tincture of opium, codeine, and morphine.  In diarrhea caused by invasive pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter, the use of such agents has generally been strongly discouraged, though evidence is lacking that they are harmful when administered in combination with antibiotics in Clostridioides difficile cases.  Use of antimotility agents in children and the elderly has also been discouraged in treatment of EHEC (Shiga-like toxin producing Escherichia coli) due to an increased rate of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Diphenoxylate
Diphenoxylate is a centrally active opioid drug of the phenylpiperidine series that is used as a combination drug with atropine for the treatment of diarrhea. Diphenoxylate is an opioid and acts by slowing intestinal contractions; the atropine is present to prevent drug abuse and overdose.  It should not be given to children due to the risk that they will stop breathing and should not be used in people with Clostridioides difficile infection.
2006 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon
The 2006 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was played at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France, and was part of the International Series tournaments of the 2006 ATP Tour.It was the 20th edition of the tournament and took place from 23 October through 30 October 2006. Fourth-seeded Richard Gasquet won the singles title.

2006 ATP Tour
The 2006 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2006 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.

In singles, Roger Federer dominated the season. He won twelve tournaments, including three majors (Australian Open, Wimbledon and the US Open), four Masters Series titles (Indian Wells, Miami Open, Madrid Open and Rogers Cup) and the year-end championship. He finished the year with a 92–5 record.
Hugo Lake
Hugo Lake is manmade lake located 7 miles (11 km) east of Hugo, in Choctaw County, Oklahoma, United States.  It is formed by Hugo Lake Dam on the Kiamichi River 18 miles (29 km) upstream from the Red River.  The dam is visible from U.S. Route 70, which crosses its spillway just west of Sawyer. Lake Hugo features approximately 110 miles (180 km) of shoreline and covers over 13,250 acres (53.6 km2), or 20 square miles (52 km2).  Its normal pool elevation is 404.5 feet (123.3 m) above sea level and its normal storage capacity is 157,600 acre-feet (194,400,000 m3).  At flood stage its elevation is at 437.5 feet (133.4 m) above sea level and it is capable of storing 966,700 acre-feet (1.1924×109 m3) of flood waters.  The lake's primary functions are to provide flood control, water storage, and recreational opportunities.

The nearest major cities to Lake Hugo are Fort Smith, Arkansas (101 miles), Dallas, Texas (114 miles) and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma(151 miles).

Acre-foot
The acre-foot is a non-SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m3 commonly used in the western United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows.

An acre-foot equals the volume of water needed to fill approximately an eight-lane swimming pool, 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep.
Bacon Peak
Bacon Peak is a mountain located in North Cascades National Park, in the Cascade Range in the U.S. state of Washington. Its glaciers cover 1.2 square miles (3.2 km2); the three main glaciers are Diobsud Creek Glacier (southeast, 1.6 miles (2.5 km) wide), Green Lake Glacier (northeast, 1.3 miles (2.1 km) wide) and Noisy Creek Glacier (northwest, 0.9 miles (1.4 km) long).

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland was held on November 3, 2020, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Maryland, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. On March 17, 2020, Governor Larry Hogan announced that the primary election would be postponed from April 28 to June 2 due to coronavirus concerns. On March 26, the Maryland Board of Elections met to consider whether in-person voting should be used for June's primary, and recommended that voting in June be mail-in only.

Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Baltimore County partly surrounds but does not include the independent city of Baltimore. It is part of the Northeast megalopolis, which stretches from Northern Virginia in the south to Boston in the north and includes major American population centers, including New York City and Philadelphia. Major economic sectors in the county include education, government, and health care. As of the 2020 census, the population was 854,535. The county is home to several universities, including Goucher College, Stevenson University, Towson University, and University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
613 BC
The year 613 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 141 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 613 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Qi (state)
Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization,  was a regional state of the Zhou dynasty in ancient China, whose rulers held titles of Hou (侯), then Gong (公), before declaring themselves independent Kings (王). Its capital was Linzi, located in present-day Shandong. Qi was founded shortly after the Zhou conquest of Shang, c. 1046 BCE. Its first monarch was Jiang Ziya (Lord Tai; r. 1046–1015 BCE), minister of King Wen and a legendary figure in Chinese culture. His family ruled Qi for several centuries before it was replaced by the Tian family in 386 BCE. Qi was the final surviving state to be annexed by Qin during its unification of China.
2009 Iraqi governorate elections
Governorate or provincial elections were held in Iraq on 31 January 2009, to replace the local councils in fourteen of the eighteen governorates of Iraq that were elected in the 2005 Iraqi governorate elections. 14,431 candidates, including 3,912 women, contested 440 seats. The candidates came from over 400 parties, 75% of which were newly formed.

Basra Governorate
The Basra Governorate (Arabic: محافظة البصرة‎ Muḥāfaẓa al-Baṣra), also called Basra Province, is a governorate in southern Iraq bordering Kuwait to the south and Iran to the east. The capital is the city of Basra, located in the Basrah district. Other districts of Basra include Al-Qurna, Al-Zubair, Al-Midaina, Shatt Al-Arab, Abu Al-Khaseeb and Al-Faw located on the Persian Gulf. It is the only governorate with a coastline.
Owner-operator
An owner-operator is an owner of a small business or microbusiness who also runs the day-to-day operations of the company. Owner-operators are found in many business models and franchising companies in many different industries like restaurant chains, health care, logistics, maintenance, repair, and operations.

Micro-enterprise
A micro-enterprise, or microenterprise, is generally defined as a small business employing nine people or fewer, and having a balance sheet or turnover less than a certain amount (e.g. €2 million or PhP 3 million). The terms microenterprise and microbusiness have the same meaning, though traditionally when referring to a small business financed by microcredit the term microenterprise is often used. Similarly, when referring to a small, usually legal business that is not financed by microcredit, the term microbusiness (or micro-business) is often used. Internationally, most microenterprises are family businesses employing one or two persons. Most microenterprise owners are primarily interested in earning a living to support themselves and their families. They only grow the business when something in their lives changes and they need to generate a larger income.
2021 LEN Men's European Junior Water Polo Championships
The 2021 LEN Men's European Junior Water Polo Championships, took place between 12 and 19 September 2021, in Malta. It was the third time that Malta had hosted the event, after previously hosting it in 2007 and 2017.

European Aquatics U18 Water Polo Championship
The European Aquatics U18 Water Polo Championship, previously known as the LEN European Junior Water Polo Championship, is a continental water polo tournament held every two years for the players under the age of 18. In 2025, the age category was changed from U17 to U18.
Anatoly Dorodnitsyn
Anatoly Alekseyevich Dorodnitsyn (Russian: Анатолий Алексеевич Дородницын) 19 November (per Julian Calendar), 2 December (per Gregorian Calendar), 1910 – 7 June 1994, Moscow) was a Russian mathematician who worked as an engineer in the former Soviet space program.

Dorodnitsyn was a Full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1953), and a professor at the  department of physical and mathematical sciences (1949), majoring in geophysics.

In same cases (for example, in English version some official blanks in Russia) the following translations were also used: Anatolii instead Anatoly and (or) Dorodnicyn instead Dorodnitsyn.

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT; Russian: Московский физико-технический институт, also known as PhysTech), is a public research university located in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It prepares specialists in theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics and related disciplines.

The main MIPT campus is located in Dolgoprudny, a northern suburb of Moscow. However the Aeromechanics Department is based in Zhukovsky, a suburb south-east of Moscow.

As Phystech's founder, Pyotr Kapitsa, designed the institute inspired by and in accordance with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology model, Phystech is commonly hailed as the "MIT of Russia" and is considered to be the leading specialized technical institution of higher education in the former Soviet Union.

The rector Dmitry Livanov and Nikolay Kudryavtsev, the president of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, both have signed a letter of support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
1969 NAIA ice hockey championship
The 1969 NAIA men's ice hockey tournament involved four schools playing in single-elimination bracket to determine the national champion of men's NAIA college ice hockey. The 1969 tournament was the second men's ice hockey tournament to be sponsored by the NAIA.  The tournament began on March 7, 1969, and ended with the championship game on March 8.

The championship game was a rematch of the 1968 championship game between two ICHA conference rivals Bemidji State College (BSC) and Lake Superior State College (LSSC) against each other.  After a 23–2–0 overall record and an 11–1–0 ICHA regular season record, the Beavers were a clear top seed in the tournament, held in Sault Ste. Marie, MI.  Bemidji defeated Salem State 14–2 in the semifinal round and advanced to play the host Lakers in the title game, going on to win the second straight NAIA championship with a 6–2 victory.

1968 NAIA ice hockey championship
The 1968 NAIA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament involved four schools playing in single-elimination bracket to determine the national champion of men's NAIA college ice hockey. The 1968 tournament was the first men's ice hockey tournament to be sponsored by the NAIA.  The tournament began on March 8, 1968, and ended with the championship game on March 9.

The championship game pitted ICHA conference rivals Bemidji State College (BSC) and Lake Superior State College (LSSC) against each other. Despite LSSC taking all four regular season games against BSC, the Beavers earned their first National Title with a 5-4 overtime victory over the Lakers.
IBM System/370 Model 155
The IBM System/370 Model 155 (and the Model 165)
were jointly announced Jun 30, 1970 as "designed for ... the Seventies." That same day IBM announced the 370/195.  They were the first three models of the IBM System/370 line of computers.

Since none of them came with virtual memory, "which was to be a hallmark of the 370 line", some said about these early members of the IBM System/370 family, especially about the 155 and 165, that they were not "the real 370 line."

Three months later a fourth IBM System/370, the Model 145, was announced.

OS/360 and successors
OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB and Input/Output Control System (IOCS) packages for the IBM 7090/7094 and even more so by the PR155 Operating System for the IBM 1410/7010 processors. It was one of the earliest operating systems to require the computer hardware to include at least one direct access storage device.

Although OS/360 itself was discontinued, successor operating systems, including the virtual storage MVS and the 64-bit z/OS, are still run as of 2023 and maintain application-level compatibility with OS/360.
Phycobiliprotein
Phycobiliproteins are water-soluble proteins present in cyanobacteria and certain algae (rhodophytes, cryptomonads, glaucocystophytes). They capture light energy, which is then passed on to chlorophylls during photosynthesis. Phycobiliproteins are formed of a complex between proteins and  covalently bound phycobilins that act as chromophores (the light-capturing part).  They are most important constituents of the phycobilisomes.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Branko Kovačević (volleyball)
Branko Kovačević (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранко Ковачевић, born 27 February 1967) is a Serbian volleyball coach. He is currently the head coach of Olympiacos Piraeus women's volleyball team and the assistant coach of Serbia women's national volleyball team.

Greek Women's Volleyball Cup
The Greek women's Volleyball Cup began in the 1998–99 season and is organized by Hellenic Volleyball Federation (ΕΟΠΕ). So far, seven clubs have won the cup. Olympiacos is the most successful club in the competition with 10titles. Olympiacos are the current cup holders.
1999 World Wrestling Championships – Men's Greco-Roman 58 kg
The men's Greco-Roman 58 kilograms is a competition featured at the 1999 World Wrestling Championships, and was held at the Peace and Friendship Stadium in Piraeus, Athens, Greece from 24 to 26 September 1999.

1999 World Wrestling Championships
The following is the final results of the 1999 World Wrestling Championships. Men's Freestyle competition were held in Ankara, Turkey. Men's Greco-Roman competition were held in Piraeus, Greece and Women's competition were held in Boden, Sweden.
KQTE
KQTE (1450 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Helendale, California, United States, and serving the Victor Valley. It has a sports format with most programming from ESPN Radio. It is owned by Jeff Chang, who also owns television stations in California and Colorado, as well as KKZI 1310 AM in Barstow.

KQTE is also heard on 10-watt FM translator K268DU at 101.5 MHz in Victorville.

Victor Valley
34°30′N 117°18′W﻿ / ﻿34.5°N 117.3°W﻿ / 34.5; -117.3

The Victor Valley is a valley in the Mojave Desert and subregion of the Inland Empire, in San Bernardino County in Southern California.

It is located east of the Mojave's Antelope Valley, north of the Cajon Pass and the San Bernardino Valley, northeast of the San Gabriel Mountains, and northwest of the San Bernardino Mountains, and south of the Barstow area. The Mojave River flows northwards through the Victor Valley, primarily via underground aquifers.

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George Quin
Christianity portal

George Alderson Quin (22 January 1914 – 5 August 1990) was the third Bishop of Down and Dromore.

Educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1938, his first post was a curacy at  St Jude, Ballynafeigh, Belfast. He was then Dean’s Vicar of St Anne’s Cathedral, Belfast. After further incumbencies at Holywood, Magheralin and Ballymacarrett he became Archdeacon of Down in 1956. Fourteen years later he was appointed to the episcopate, serving for a decade – he was elected Bishop of Down and Dromore 26 November 1969 and consecrated 6 January 1970; he resigned on 31 March 1980.

Bishop of Down and Dromore
The Bishop of Down and Dromore is the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland Diocese of Down and Dromore in the Province of Armagh. The diocese is situated in the north east of Ireland, which includes all of County Down, about half of the city of Belfast, and some parts of County Armagh east of the River Bann.

Until 1945, the sees of Down, Connor and Dromore were united under one bishop. On 1 January 1945, they were separated into the bishopric of Connor and the bishopric of Down & Dromore.

The current Incumbent is the Right Reverend David McClay, Bishop of Down and Dromore, who was elected by the Church of Ireland House of Bishops on 4 November 2019 and consecrated at St Anne's Cathedral, Belfast on 25 January 2020. The bishop's official residence is the See House, 32 Knockdene Park South, Belfast.
Prehistoric East Africa
The prehistory of East Africa spans from the earliest human presence in the region until the emergence of the Iron Age in East Africa. Between 1,600,000 BP and 1,500,000 BP, the Homo ergaster known as Nariokotome Boy resided near Nariokotome River, Kenya. Modern humans, who left behind remains, resided at Omo Kibish in 233,000 BP. Afro-Asiatic speakers and Nilo-Saharan speakers expanded in East Africa, resulting in transformation of food systems of East Africa. Prehistoric West Africans may have diverged into distinct ancestral groups of modern West Africans and Bantu-speaking peoples in Cameroon, and, subsequently, around 5000 BP, the Bantu-speaking peoples migrated into other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Central African Republic, African Great Lakes, South Africa).

Megalith
A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. More than 35,000 megalithic structures have been identified across Europe, ranging geographically from Sweden in the north to the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

The word was first used in 1849 by the British antiquarian Algernon Herbert in reference to Stonehenge and derives from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone". Most extant megaliths were erected between the Neolithic period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age.