hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bowshank
Bowshank is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, close to the A7, beside the Gala Water.

Nearby are Bow Castle Broch, as well as Buckholm, Clovenfords, the Lugate Water, Torsonce and Stow.

Clovenfords
Clovenfords is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, 1 mile (2 kilometres) north of the hamlet of Caddonfoot and 4 miles (6 kilometres) west of the town Galashiels. The village sits on undulating grasslands and surrounding rolling hills. The 2011 census gave it a population count of 562 people.
Quint Ondaatje
Pieter Philip Jurriaan Quint Ondaatje (born in Colombo, 18 June 1758 – died in Batavia, 30 April 1818) was an illustrious Dutch patriot and influential revolutionary politician at the end of the 18th century. Ondaatje is regarded as a pioneer of Dutch democracy. When Utrecht was besieged by States army troops he allied himself with  Rhinegrave von Salm,  entrusted with the defence Holland and Utrecht. At the end of 1787 he lived as refugee in Brussels and French Flanders. From 1795 he served the Batavian Republic and in 1806 the Kingdom of Holland. Up to the Hundred Days he worked in Paris.

Orangism (Dutch Republic)
In the history of the Dutch Republic, Orangism or prinsgezindheid ("pro-prince stance") was a political force opposing the Staatsgezinde (pro-Republic) party. Orangists supported the Princes of Orange as Stadtholders (a position held by members of the House of Orange) and military commanders of the Republic, as a check on the power of the regenten.: 12  The Orangist party drew its adherents largely from traditionalists – mostly farmers, soldiers, noblemen and orthodox Protestant preachers, though its support fluctuated heavily over the course of the Republic's history and there were never clear-cut socioeconomic divisions.: 13
Diplodus argenteus
Diplodus argenteus, the silver porgy, is an ocean-going species of sparid fish (seabream/porgies). It is also called the South American silver porgy and the white bream in Uruguay, plus the silver seabream and the sargo, though the latter three names are also used for other fish species as well.

Australasian snapper
The Australasian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) or silver seabream is a species of porgie found in coastal waters of Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and New Zealand. Its distribution areas in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are disjunct. Although it is almost universally known in Australia and New Zealand as snapper, it does not belong to the Lutjanidae snapper family. It is highly prized as an edible fish, with a sweet sea taste and a firm texture.

It is the only species in the genus Chrysophrys, but was previously placed in the genus Pagrus as Pagrus auratus.
Constanze Mozart
Maria Constanze Cäcilia Josepha Johanna Aloysia Mozart (née Weber, Austrian German: [kɔnˈstantsə ˈmoːtsart ˈveːbɐ]; 5 January 1762 – 6 March 1842) was a German soprano, later a businesswoman. She is best remembered as the spouse of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who from the evidence of his letters was deeply in love with her throughout their nine-year marriage. Following her husband's sudden death in 1791, Constanze Mozart escaped poverty and supported her family through concertizing and promotion of her husband's memory; she was responsible in part for the extensive posthumous publication of her husband's works. Constanze is also regarded, less positively, as a source of mythology concerning her husband's life, deriving in part from the biography she jointly wrote with her second husband, Georg Nikolaus von Nissen.

Daniel Heartz
Daniel Heartz (October 5, 1928 – November 24, 2019) was an American musicologist and professor of music at the University of California, Berkeley.

Heartz studied at Harvard University. He lived in Berkeley, California.
Geometric transformation
In mathematics, a geometric transformation is any bijection of a set to itself (or to another such set) with some salient geometrical underpinning, such as preserving distances, angles, or ratios (scale). More specifically, it is a function whose domain and range are sets of points – most often a real coordinate space,  or  – such that the function is bijective so that its inverse exists. The study of geometry may be approached by the study of these transformations, such as in transformation geometry.

Inversive geometry
In geometry, inversive geometry is the study of inversion, a transformation of the Euclidean plane that maps circles or lines to other circles or lines and that preserves the angles between crossing curves. Many difficult problems in geometry become much more tractable when an inversion is applied. Inversion seems to have been discovered by a number of people contemporaneously, including Steiner (1824), Quetelet (1825), Bellavitis (1836), Stubbs and Ingram (1842–3) and Kelvin (1845).
The concept of inversion can be generalized to higher-dimensional spaces.
2016–17 Cypriot First Division
The 2016–17 Cypriot First Division was the 78th season of the Cypriot top-level football league. The season began on 20 August 2016 and ended on 21 May 2017. The fixtures were announced on 7 July 2016. APOEL were the defending champions.

APOEL were crowned champions for the 26th time and a fifth time in a row, securing the title after beating title arch-rivals Omonia 3–1 at the GSP Stadium on 13 May 2017.

AEZ Zakakiou
Athletic Union of Zakaki (Greek: Αθλητική Ένωση Ζακακίου) is a Cypriot football club based in Zakaki, Limassol. The club was founded in 1956. Their colours are green and white and they play at Zakaki Municipal Stadium, but are currently playing at the larger Ammochostos Stadium in Larnaca.
Shah Rahzan
Shah Rahzan (Persian: شاهراه زن, also Romanized as Shāh Rāhzan; also known as Boneh-ye Shāh Rezā ‘Arab, Bunneh Shāh Rahzan Arab, and Shāh Rāzan) is a village in Qaleh Tall Rural District, in the Central District of Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 16 families.

Qaleh Tall Rural District
Qaleh Tall Rural District (Persian: دهستان قلعه تل) is in Qaleh Tall District of Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Loran. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Qaleh Tall.
Varaha River
The Varaha River (or Varahanadhi) is a small river that flows through the town of Periyakulam in Theni district of the state of Tamil Nadu in India. It joins the Vaigai River near Marugalpatti. The Sothuparai Dam spans the river near Periyakulam.

Vaigai River
Vaigai is a semi-perennial river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It flows through the districts of Theni, Dindigul, Madurai, Sivagangai, and Ramanathapuram in the southern part of the state. The city of Madurai is situated on the banks of the river. The river is 295 km (183 mi) long, with its drainage basin spread across 7,009 km2 (2,706 sq mi).

Vaigai originates in Varusanadu Hills of the Western Ghats, and flows north through the Cumbum Valley, between the Palani Hills to the north and the Varusanadu Hills to the south. It rounds the eastern corner of the Varushanad Hills, and turns southeast, running through southern Tamil Nadu. The river empties into the Palk Bay near Alagankulam in the Ramanathapuram district. During the 20th century, the river basin was extensively developed for irrigation, flood control, and the generation of hydroelectric power.
Kieran Dowell
Kieran O'Neill Dowell (born 10 October 1997) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL Championship club Hull City.

Dowell previously played for Everton, from where he had loan spells with Nottingham Forest, Sheffield United, Derby County and Wigan Athletic. He spent the second half of the 2024–25 season on loan at Birmingham City. Internationally, he represented England from under-16 up to under-21 level.

2020–21 EFL Championship
The 2020–21 EFL Championship (referred to as the Sky Bet Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the 5th season of the EFL Championship under its current title and the 29th season under its current league division format.
Merrill Leroy Ellis
Merrill Leroy Ellis (9 December 1916 Cleburne, Texas – 12 July 1981 Denton, Texas) was an American composer, performer, and experimental music researcher. He is most known for his work with electronic (analog) and intermedia compositions, new compositional techniques, development of new instruments, and exploration of new notation techniques for scoring and performance.

University of North Texas College of Music
The University of North Texas College of Music, based in Denton, is a comprehensive music school among the largest enrollment of any music institution accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music. It developed the first jazz studies program in the nation, and it remains one of the top schools for jazz.  As one of thirteen colleges and schools at the University of North Texas, it has been among the largest music institutions of higher learning in North America since the 1940s.  North Texas has been a member of the National Association of Schools of Music for 87 years. Since the 1970s, approximately one-third of all North Texas music students have been enrolled at the graduate level.  Music at North Texas dates back to the founding of the university in 1890 when Eliza Jane McKissack, its founding director, structured it as a conservatory.
Rivers State Road Traffic Management Authority
The Rivers State Road Traffic Management Authority (abbreviated TIMA-RIV) is a government corporation that handles matters relating to road safety, traffic management and transportation in Rivers State. It was set up under the Road Traffic Law No.6 of 2009. Its headquarters are in Port Harcourt. The corporation has an affiliation with the State Ministry of Transport. The Comptroller General heading its operations is appointed by the Governor.

Rivers State Ministry of Transport
The Rivers State Ministry of Transport is the government ministry responsible for matters concerning transportation issues and policy in Rivers State, Nigeria. The ministry has its headquarters on the 9th floor of the State Secretariat Building in Port Harcourt.
 Its current Commissioner is Chief Ibinabo Michael West.
Geminal diol
A geminal diol (or gem-diol for short) is any organic compound having two hydroxyl functional groups (−OH) bound to the same carbon atom. Geminal diols are a subclass of the diols, which in turn are a special class of alcohols. Most of the geminal diols are considered unstable.

The simplest geminal diol is methanediol CH4O2 or H2C(OH)2. Other examples are:

dihydroxymalinic acid (HOOC)2C(OH)2

decahydroxycyclopentane (C(OH)2)5

chloral hydrate (Cl3C)HC(OH)2

Hemiacetal
In organic chemistry, a hemiacetal is a functional group with the general formula R1R2C(OH)OR, where R1, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an organic substituent. They generally result from the nucleophilic addition of an alcohol (a compound with at least one hydroxy group) to an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or a ketone (R2C=O) under acidic conditions. The addition of an alcohol to a ketone is more commonly referred to as a hemiketal. Common examples of hemiacetals include cyclic monosaccharides. Hemiacetals have use as a protecting group and in synthesizing oxygenated heterocycles like tetrahydrofurans.
RTI-229
RTI-229, also known as (–)-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane-2β-pyrrolidine carboxamide and RTI-4229-229, is a potent and long-lasting stimulant drug which was developed in the 1990s as part of a large group of related analogues from the phenyltropane family. With the combination of two potent dopamine transporter (DAT) binding motifs attached to the tropane ring, the p-iodophenyl group at the 3β-position and a pyrrolidine carboxamide at 2β, RTI-229 has extremely high selectivity for the dopamine transporter (2600x and 4600x selective over NET and 5-HTT respectively) and is one of the most DAT-selective compounds in the RTI series.

Tropane
Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound. It is mainly known for the other alkaloids derived from it, which include atropine and cocaine, among others. Tropane alkaloids occur in plants of the families Erythroxylaceae (including coca) and Solanaceae (including mandrake, henbane, deadly nightshade, datura, potato, tomato).

Structurally, tropane is cycloheptane with a nitrogen bridge between carbons 1 and 5 and an additional methyl group attached to the nitrogen. While carbons 1 and 5 are asymmetric carbons, tropane itself is optically inactive due to mirror symmetry.

8-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (tropane without the N-methyl group) is known as nortropane or nor-tropane.
William Babington (justice)
Sir William Babington (c. 1370 – 1454) was an English lawyer and judge hailing from an old Northumbrian noble family.

He was the son of Sir John de Babington and Benedicta Ward.

In 1414, Babington was made a King's Attorney (Attorney General for England and Wales). Three years later, an act of parliament compelled him to accept the title of Serjeant-at-law, which he originally refused due to the expensive inauguration ceremony it required. Rising rapidly through government offices, in 1419 he was made Chief Baron of the Exchequer, the head judge of the jurisdiction exercised by the Exchequer of Pleas.

Babington was named a Justice of the Common Bench in 1420. He presided this court as its Chief Justice from 1423 until his retirement in 1436.

In 1426 he received the Order of the Bath.

Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
The chief justice of the common pleas was the head of the Court of Common Pleas, also known as the Common Bench, which was the second-highest common law court in the English legal system until 1875, when it, along with the other two common law courts and the equity and probate courts, became part of the High Court of Justice. As such, the chief justice of the Common Pleas was one of the highest judicial officials in England, behind only the lord high chancellor and the Lord Chief Justice of England, who headed the King's Bench (Queen's when the monarch was female).
2003 Kvalserien
The 2003 Kvalserien was the 29th edition of the Kvalserien. It determined two teams of the participating ones would play in the 2003–04 Elitserien season and which four teams would play in the 2003–04 Allsvenskan season.

Kvalserien
Kvalserien, also known as Kvalserien till SHL, was the Swedish round-robin ice hockey tournament to qualify for play in the next season of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL, previously named Elitserien), Sweden's top-level ice hockey league for men. It was replaced by a playoff round in the 2014–15 season.
South Karo River
South Karo River flows through Sundergarh and Keonjhar districts and West Singhbhum in the Indian states of Odisha and Jharkhand respectively. The river flows through industrial and iron ore mining areas and Saranda forest before joining the South Koel River in Goilkera block of West Singhbhum district. Its passage through the industrial and mining area has polluted the river water, affecting wildlife.

Sundergarh district
Sundergarh district, also known as Sundargarh district, is a district in the northwestern part of Odisha state in eastern India.

Sundargarh district is bounded by Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh in the west, Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh in the North-West, Simdega district of Jharkhand in the North, West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand and Keonjhar district of Odisha in the east and Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh and Angul districts of Odisha in the South. The town of Sundargarh is the district headquarters. Rourkela is the largest city in the entire district.
Morteza Keyvan
Morteza Keyvan (Persian: مرتضی کیوان; 1921, Isfahan – 19 October 1954, Tehran) was an Iranian poet, art critic, newspaper editor and political activist of the Tudeh Party of Iran.

Keyvan married Puri Soltani in 1953. After the coup d'état of 1953, Keyvan was arrested by the Pahlavi regime for hiding three fellow Tudeh Party members of the Tudeh Military Network in his house and later sentenced to death on account of "treason".

He was executed by firing squad the same year on 19 October in the Qasr prison.

Keyvan was a friend and associate of many left-wing poets and writers of his time such as Ahmad Shamlou, Nima Youshij, Siavash Kasrai, Houshang Ebtehaj and many others.

Shamlou, Ebtehaj, Kasrai, Youshij and Ehsan Tabari have written poems in the memory of his death.

Museum of the Qasr Prison
The Museum of the Qasr Prison (Persian: موزه‌ زندان قصر, romanized: Muze-ye Zendān-e Qasr), formerly referred to as the Qasr Prison, is a historical complex in Tehran, Iran.

The building was one of the oldest political prisons in Iran, which is now a museum complex surrounded by a public park.
Dioscorea praehensilis
Dioscorea praehensilis is a species of yam in the genus Dioscorea native to Africa. It is the wild progenitor of the West African domesticated crops Dioscorea rotundata and Dioscorea cayennensis. It is a liana with an edible tuber root found in African rainforests and seasonal tropical forests. The roots reach their maximum starch reserves during the dry season. The species renews its stems every year at the start of the rainy season.

Yam (vegetable)
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers (some other species in the genus being toxic).

Yams are perennial herbaceous vines native to Africa, Asia, and the Americas and cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical regions. The tubers themselves, also called "yams", come in a variety of forms owing to numerous cultivars and related species.
2nd Belorussian Front
The 2nd Belorussian Front (Russian: Второй Белорусский фронт, Vtoroi Belorusskiy Front, also romanized "Byelorussian"), was a major formation of the Soviet Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group.

It was created in February 1944 as the Soviets were pushing the Germans back towards Byelorussia. General Colonel Pavel Kurochkin was its first commander. On hiatus in April 1944, its headquarters were reformed from the army headquarters of the disbanding 10th Army. They took part in the capture of Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.

1st Belorussian Front
The 1st Belorussian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Белорусский фронт, Pervyy Belorusskiy front, also romanized "Byelorussian"), known without a numeral as the Belorussian Front between October 1943 and February 1944, was a major formation of the Red Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group. Alongside the 1st Ukrainian Front, it was the largest and most powerful among all Soviet fronts, as their main effort was to capture Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.
Kamwatta Hill
Kamwatta Hill is a community in the Barima-Waini Region, in northern Guyana. Kamwatta is an Amerindian village inhabited by Warao and Arawak people.

Kamwatta Hill is located at an altitude of 34 m (114 feet). Its population as of 2012 is 565 inhabitants. The economy is based on subsistence farming. Kamwatta Hill has a health centre and a primary school, however secondary education is provided in Wauna or Hosororo.  The community began receiving electricity in 2006, when a diesel-powered generator was donated by Mr. Monty Niathally, proprietor of Variety Woods and Greenheart Limited.

Hosororo
Hosororo is a community in the Barima-Waini region of northern Guyana, on the west bank of the Aruka River, 10 km (6.2 mi) from the river's mouth, and three miles from Mabaruma.

It is known for its production of organic cocoa and is home to a nursery and propagation centre.

The Arawak started to settle in the area about 3,500 years ago. The village known for its fertile soils, and is the earliest known site of cassava cultivation by Amerindians in Guyana. In 2016, Horosoro was joined with Mabaruma into a single town.

Aubrey Williams, the abstract expressionist painter, who was banished to Hosororo as a result of his activism for the sugar farmers, was inspired by the Amerindian art and culture he found here.
Proctosedyl
Proctosedyl is the brand name for a family of two products with identical active ingredients designed to treat a variety of proctological disorders. One is a topical ointment, the other a rectal suppository. In the United Kingdom both products are contract manufactured by Patheon Limited on behalf of the Sanofi-Aventis group. Manufacture and distribution is provided by Sanofi Aventis subsidiaries Hoechst and Hoechst Marion Roussel in other territories worldwide.

Suppository
A suppository is a dosage form used to deliver medications by insertion into a body orifice (any opening in the body), where it dissolves or melts to exert local or systemic effects. There are three types of suppositories, each to insert into a different sections: rectal suppositories into the rectum, vaginal suppositories into the vagina, and urethral suppositories into the urethra of a male.

Suppositories are ideal for infants, elderly individuals and post-operative patients, who are unable to swallow oral medications, and for individuals experiencing severe nausea and/or vomiting. Suppositories are administered through rectal route to reduce onset time of reaction.
Squatting in Australia
Squatting in Australia usually refers to a person who is not the owner, taking possession of land or an empty house. In 19th century Australian history, a squatter was a settler who occupied a large tract of Aboriginal land in order to graze livestock. At first this was done illegally, later under licence from the Crown.

In more recent times, there have been squats in the major cities such as Canberra, Melbourne and Sydney. It would be possible in theory for squatters to be charged with criminal trespass under the Inclosed Lands Protection Act, but squatters are simply evicted when they are discovered. As in England and Wales and also the United States, adverse possession exists in Australian law, although it is rarely used by squatters. This means that if a squatter lives uninterruptedly in a property for over 12 years (15 in South Australia and Victoria) and against the wishes of the owner, the ownership of the property can be claimed by the squatter.

Squatting (Australian history)
In the history of Australia, squatting was the act of occupying tracts of Crown land, typically to graze livestock. Though most squatters initially held no legal rights to the land they occupied, the majority were gradually recognised by successive colonial authorities as the legitimate owners of the land due to being among the first (and often only) white settlers in their area. The term squattocracy, a play on aristocracy, was coined to refer to squatters as a social class and the immense sociopolitical power they possessed.
Vassenden
Vassenden is a village in Sunnfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located along the river Jølstra on the western shore of the lake Jølstravatnet, and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the lake Holsavatnet.

The 0.39-square-kilometre (96-acre) village has a population (2025) of 327 and a population density of 838 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,170/sq mi).

The village is located along the European route E39 highway, just about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) east of the village of Langhaugane. The village of Ålhus lies about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the northeast. The village of Skei is 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northeast, at the other end of the lake Jølstravatnet. Vassenden Church was built in 2002 to serve the people of Vassenden and the surrounding areas.

Holsavatnet
Holsavatnet is a lake which lies in Sunnfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The lake is located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) east of the town of Førde and about 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi) east of the village of Bruland. The village of Holsen lies at the eastern end of the lake. The European route E39 highway passes 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the lake. The water from the lake eventually flows into the river Jølstra.