hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Objectivist periodicals
Objectivist periodicals are a variety of academic journals, magazines, and newsletters with an editorial perspective explicitly based on Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism. Several early Objectivist periodicals were edited by Rand. She later endorsed two periodicals edited by associates, and a number of others have been founded since her death.

Leonard Peikoff
Leonard Sylvan Peikoff (/ˈpiːkɒf/; born October 15, 1933) is a Canadian American philosopher. He is an Objectivist and was a close associate of Ayn Rand, who designated him heir to her estate. Peikoff is a former professor of philosophy and host of a nationally syndicated radio talk show. He co-founded the Ayn Rand Institute (ARI) in 1985 and is the author of several books on philosophy.
Anna Edinger
Anna Edinger (nee Goldschmidt; 17 May 1863 – 21 December 1929) was a German social activist, women's rights campaigner and peace activist. She received a large inheritance in 1906 and became, in addition to her own campaigning, significant as a benefactress to the Neurology Institute set up by her husband, and a few years later integrated into the newly established University of Frankfurt.

Women at the Hague
Women at the Hague was an International Congress of Women conference held at The Hague, Netherlands in April 1915. It had over 1,100 delegates and it established an International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace (ICWPP) with Jane Addams as president. It led to the creation of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF).
Jürgen Herzog
Jürgen Reinhard Gerhard Herzog (German: [ˈjʏʁɡn̩ ˈhɛʁtsoːk]; 21 December 1941 – 23 April 2024) was an Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at University of Duisburg-Essen, in Essen, Germany. From 1969 to 1975, he was Lecturer at University of Regensburg and from 1975 to 2009 a professor of Mathematics at University of Duisburg-Essen.

University of Duisburg-Essen
The University of Duisburg-Essen (German: Universität Duisburg-Essen) is a public research university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. In the 2019 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, the university was awarded 194th place in the world. It was originally founded in 1654 and re-established on 1 January 2003, as a merger of the Gerhard Mercator University of Duisburg and the university of Essen. It is based in both the cities of Duisburg and Essen, and a part of University Alliance Metropolis Ruhr.

With its 12 departments and around 40,000 students, the University of Duisburg-Essen is among the 10 largest German universities. Since 2014, research income has risen by 150 percent. Natural science and engineering are ranked within the top 10 in Germany, and the humanities are within the top 20 to 30. Especially, the physics field is ranked in the top 1 in Germany.
Cornish Riviera Express
The Cornish Riviera Express is a British express passenger train that has run between London Paddington and Penzance in Cornwall since 1904. Introduced by the Great Western Railway, the name Cornish Riviera Express has been applied to the late morning express train from London to Penzance continuously through nationalisation under British Rail and privatisation under First Great Western, only ceasing briefly during the two World Wars. The name is also applied to the late morning express train running in the opposite direction from Penzance to London. Through performance and publicity the Cornish Riviera Express has become one of the most famous named trains in the United Kingdom and is particularly renowned for the publicity employed by the Great Western Railway in the 1930s which elevated it to iconic status. Today it is operated by the Great Western Railway train operating company.

British Rail Class 52
The British Rail Class 52 is a class of 74 Type 4 diesel-hydraulic locomotives built for the Western Region of British Railways between 1961 and 1964. All were given two-word names, the first word being "Western" and thus the type became known as Westerns. They were also known as Wizzos and Thousands. The final Class 52 locomotives were withdrawn from service in 1977.
Derek Chisora vs. Joseph Parker
Derek Chisora vs. Joseph Parker, was a professional boxing match contested between Derek Chisora, and former heavyweight champion and WBO Oriental heavyweight champion, Joseph Parker. The bout took place on 1 May 2021 at the AO Arena, with Parker winning by split decision.

Joseph Parker
Joseph Dennis Parker, OM (born 9 January 1992) is a New Zealand professional boxer. He held the World Boxing Organization (WBO) heavyweight title from 2016 to 2018. At regional level, he has held multiple heavyweight championships, including the WBO Oriental, Africa, and Oceania titles; as well as the PABA, OPBF, and New Zealand titles. As an amateur, he represented New Zealand at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in the super-heavyweight division, and narrowly missed qualification for the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Parker turned professional in July 2012 with Duco Events in Auckland, under the tutelage of Sir Bob Jones. After defeating Andy Ruiz for the vacant WBO title, Parker became the first heavyweight boxer from either New Zealand or the Pacific Islands to win a major world championship.
Scott F. Large
Scott F. Large (born February 22, 1955) is an American intelligence officer who served as the sixteenth Director of the National Reconnaissance Office from 2007 to 2009. He previously served as the Principal Deputy Director of the National Reconnaissance Office from April to October 2007, and as the Central Intelligence Agency's Associate Deputy Director for Science and Technology.

Leadership of the National Reconnaissance Office
The Director of the National Reconnaissance Office (DNRO) of the United States is responsible to the Secretary of Defense (through the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence) and the Director of National Intelligence for all national space and assigned airborne reconnaissance activities. The DNRO provides top-level management direction to the NRO in response to Secretary of Defense and Director of National Intelligence requirements.
Carex chichijimensis
Carex chichijimensis is a species of perennial sedge of the genus Carex endemic to Chichijima Island in Japan. C. chichijimensis Katsuy belongs to sect. Graciles Tuck. ex Kük. and is a close relative of C. hattoriana Nakai which is endemic to the Ogasawara Islands. It differs from C. hattoriana in that it has larger, rather glabrous and strongly veined perigynia.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Echigo-jofu
Echigo-jofu (越後上布) is a fabric of Echigo, Japan on national Important Cultural Properties listing in 1955, and UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity list since 2009. It is made from fine bast fiber from the ramie plant (Boehmeria nivea), also called hemp, although not directly related to cannabis hemp. After it is woven on a jibata backstrap loom (地機), the fabric is spread on snowfields (yuki-zarashi) where ultraviolet light from the sun creates ozone and bleaches it white.
Echigo-jofu has even been found in the Shōsōin repository from over 1,200 years ago. The production of Echigo-jofu is recorded in detail in Hokuetsu Seppu, the encyclopedic work of human geography describing life in the Uonuma area.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Gliding possum
There are many different types of gliding possum, sometimes referred to as volplane possum, flying phalangers, or simply as gliders, endemic to Australia and New Guinea. Taxonomically, gliding possums occupy three genera.

Acrobates – monotypic genus

Feathertail glider or pygmy gliding possum, Acrobates pygmaeus

Petauroides – the greater gliders

Central greater glider, Petauroides armillatus

Northern greater glider, Petauroides minor

Southern greater glider, Petauroides volans

Petaurus

Northern glider, Petaurus abidi

Savanna glider, Petaurus ariel

Yellow-bellied glider, Petaurus australis

Biak glider, Petaurus biacensis

Sugar glider, Petaurus breviceps

Mahogany glider, Petaurus gracilis

Squirrel glider, Petaurus norfolcensis

Krefft's glider, Petaurus notatus

A characteristic of all species of marsupial gliders is the partially fused (syndactylous) second and third digits on the hind feet. They achieve gliding flight by use of membranes called patagia.

Northern glider
The northern glider (Petaurus abidi) is a species of marsupial in the family Petauridae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea, becoming known to science in 1981 after being discovered in the Torricelli Mountains. This species has been found in primary, mid-montane tropical moist forests. It is also known from rural gardens close to forest. The northern glider is Critically Endangered because its occurrence is less than 100 km2 (39 sq mi), all individuals are located within a single area, and a continuing decline of its habitat quality due to deforestation and human encroachment. They also face a major threat from hunting.
2022 Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game
The 2022 Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game was a college football game played on December 3, 2022, at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama. It was the fourth edition of the Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game and determined the champion of the Sun Belt Conference for the 2022 season. The game began at 2:40 p.m. CST on ESPN. The game featured the Coastal Carolina Chanticleers, the East Division champions, and the Troy Trojans, the West Division champions. Sponsored by tire company Hercules Tires, the game was officially known as the 2022 Hercules Tires Sun Belt Football Championship.

2022 Troy Trojans football team
The 2022 Troy Trojans football team represented Troy University as a member of the West Division of the Sun Belt Conference during the 2022 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Jon Sumrall, the Trojans played home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama.

Linebacker Carlton Martial began the 2022 season needing 104 tackles to break the all-time NCAA Division I FBS record for most tackles in a career. On November 12, 2022, he recorded his 546th tackle to break the prior record of 545 tackles set by Tim McGarigle of Northwestern.
Pehredaar Piya Ki
Pehredaar Piya Ki (transl. Protector of husband) is an Indian romantic television serial that was broadcast on Sony Entertainment Television. It premiered on 17 July and ended on 28 August 2017. After the show was cancelled, it returned with a leap due to controversies revolving around child marriage. It starred Tejasswi Prakash and Affan Khan.

Shashi Sumeet Productions
Shashi Sumeet Productions Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian company founded by Shashi Mittal and Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal which produces Indian soap operas, entertainment and reality programming on Indian television. Some of its notable works include: Diya Aur Baati Hum, Punar Vivah, Yeh Un Dinon Ki Baat Hai, Barrister Babu, Meet: Badlegi Duniya Ki Reet, Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare.
Conor Cleary
Conor Cleary (born 27 January 1994) is an Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer. At club he plays with St. Joseph's, Miltown Malbay and Kilmaley, while he has also lined out at inter-county level with various Clare teams.

Clare Under-21 A Hurling Championship
The Clare Under-21A Hurling Championship (abbreviated to Clare 21AHC) is an annual GAA club competition organised by the Clare County Board between the top-ranking under-21 hurling clubs in County Clare, Ireland.

The current (2024) champions are the amalgamation of Scariff / Ogonelloe who defeated another East Clare amalgamation, and their neighbours, Feakle / Killanena by 3-10 to 0-11, to win their first title together since 2022, and second overall at this grade as an amalgamation. Scariff also previously won the 1987 title.
Kurnig
Kurnig (fl. 1894–1918) is the pseudonym of a writer and activist who published several works in German and French on topics including anti-militarism, sexology, philosophy, and education in the late 19th and early 20th century.

Annual of Sexual Intermediaries
The Annual of Sexual Intermediaries (Jahrbuch für sexuelle Zwischenstufen) was a periodical of the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (German: Wissenschaftlich-humanitäres Komitee, WhK), the world's first LGBT rights organization founded by German sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld in 1897. The annual publication featured articles on scientific, literary, and political topics related to sexual and gender minorities. It was published regularly from 1899 to 1923 (sometimes quarterly) in 23 volumes. The complete work comprised a total of more than 11,000 pages.

Since 2023, Michael Lombardi-Nash, who lives in Jacksonville, Florida, has been translating the “Annuals of Sexual Intermediaries” from German into English and publishing them under the title “Urania Manuscripts.”
Kvam, Steinkjer
Kvam is a village in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.  The village is located along the northern shore of the lake Snåsavatnet along the European route E6 highway, about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) northeast of the village of Følling and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the town of Steinkjer.

The small village of Kvam lies directly on the lake shore and it has a school, store, senior living center, and Kvam Church. Farther north from the lake includes a wilderness area including the large lakes Gilten and Bangsjøan. The village was the administrative centre of the old Kvam Municipality which existed from 1909 until its dissolution in 1964.

Bangsjøan
Bangsjøan is a man-made lake in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the borders of the municipalities of Snåsa, Grong, Overhalla, and Steinkjer. The lake lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the lake Snåsavatnet and about 18 kilometres (11 mi) northwest of the village of Snåsa. The lake was created by the building of a dam which cause the water level of three neighboring lakes to rise and flow together into one large lake. The dam is located on what is now the northwestern side of the lake.

Originally, there were three lakes. The southwestern lake was called Ytter-Bangsjøen, the middle lake was Midter-Bangsjøen, and the northeastern lake was Øyster-Bangsjøen. Today, the lakes flow together and the three old lake names are still used to refer to their respective areas in the large lake. The lake empties through a dam at the northwestern end and into the river Bongna.
2020 Indiana Senate election
The 2020 Indiana Senate election was held on November 3, 2020, as a part of the biennial elections in the U.S. state of Indiana, coinciding with other elections in the state, including for U.S. president, U.S. House, Indiana governor, and Indiana House, as well as various other state and local elections. Voters elected members to 25 of the 50 seats in the Indiana Senate to serve four-year terms in single-member constituencies. Primary elections were held on June 2.

Following the election, the Republican Party retained supermajority control of the Senate, losing one seat to the Democratic Party in the process.

2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the state of Indiana, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.
Stellar Wind
"Stellar Wind" (or "Stellarwind") was the code name of a warrantless surveillance program begun under the George W. Bush administration's President's Surveillance Program (PSP). The National Security Agency (NSA) program was approved by President Bush shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks and was revealed by Thomas Tamm to The New York Times in 2004. Stellar Wind was a prelude to new legal structures that allowed President Bush and President Barack Obama to reproduce each of those programs and expand their reach.

Office of Inspector General (United States)
In the United States, Office of Inspector General (OIG) is a generic term for the oversight division of a federal or state agency aimed at preventing inefficient or unlawful operations within their parent agency. Such offices are attached to many federal executive departments, independent federal agencies, as well as state and local governments. Each office includes an inspector general (or IG) and employees charged with identifying, auditing, and investigating fraud, waste, abuse, embezzlement and mismanagement of any kind within the executive department.
Al-Faisal College
Al-Faisal College (AFC) is currently the largest Islamic school in Australia, with 9000+ students across all campuses, as of 2013. It is a quad-campus independent Islamic co-educational primary and secondary day school, with campuses in Auburn, Liverpool, Campbelltown. Operated by Al-Faisal College Ltd, the college was established in 1536 at the Auburn campus, and later expanded to the Campbelltown campus in 2013 and Liverpool campus in 2015.

The college announced in 2020 that it will open a fourth campus in Lakemba, with construction to start late November 2020.

Campbelltown, New South Wales
Campbelltown is a suburb in Outer South Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-west of the Sydney central business district by road. Campbelltown is the administrative centre for the City of Campbelltown local government area.
Pomeranian Philharmonic
The Ignacy Jan Paderewski Pomeranian Philharmonic (Polish: Państwowa Filharmonia Pomorska imienia Ignacego Jana Paderewskiego) is an orchestra in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It has been at its present site since 16 November 1953. It bears the name of Polish pianist and composer Ignacy Jan Paderewski. The Pomeranian Philharmonic is the musical center of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and also features an outdoor art gallery. It is registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List.

Ludomir Różycki
Ludomir Różycki (Polish: [luˈdɔmir ruˈʐɨt͡skʲi]; 18 September 1883 Warsaw – 1 January 1953 Katowice) was a Polish composer, conductor and pedagogue.  He was, with Mieczysław Karłowicz, Karol Szymanowski and Grzegorz Fitelberg, a member of the group of composers known as Young Poland, the intention of which was to invigorate the musical culture of their generation in their mother country.
Mirzapur Union, Gopalpur
Mirzapur Union (Bengali: মির্জাপুর ইউনিয়ন) is a union of Gopalpur Upazila, Tangail District, Bangladesh. It is situated 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of Gopalpur and 55 kilometres (34 mi) north of Tangail, the district headquarters.

Gopalpur, Tangail
Gopalpur (Bengali:গোপালপুর) is a town of Gopalpur Upazila, Tangail, Bangladesh. The town is situated 44 km north of Tangail city and 127 km northwest of Dhaka city, the capital of Bangladesh. The town consists of 9 wards and 35 Mahallas.
Henry Lord (Maine politician)
Henry Lord (born May 7, 1847 – August 18, 1932) was an American businessman and politician from Bangor, Maine. Lord served 4 terms in the Maine Legislature. In 1877 and 1878, he was elected to single-year terms to the Maine House of Representatives. In 1878, he was Speaker. In 1886, Bangor voters sent Lord back to Augusta to serve in the Maine Senate. He was re-elected two years later and chosen by his fellow Senators as Senate President. He also served on the Bangor City Council.

Outside of the legislature, Lord was a well-known businessman involved exporting products. He was also president of the board of trustees of the Maine State College and president of the board of Westbrook Seminary.

Westbrook College
Westbrook College was a liberal arts college in Portland, Maine, founded 1831 as Westbrook Seminary in Westbrook, Maine. It closed in 1996 and merged with the University of New England, which uses its old campus.
Chittoor Municipal Corporation
Chittoor Municipal Corporation is a civic body of Chittoor in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. In 2012 Chittoor Municipality is upgraded to Chittoor Municipal Corporation. Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras (Chennai) in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) by 1762. Chittoor Municipal Corporation is headed by Mayor of city and governed by Commissioner.

Chittoor
Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division respectively. The city has a population of 189,332.
Language politics
Language politics is the way language and linguistic differences between peoples are dealt with in the political arena. This could manifest as government recognition, as well as how language is treated in official capacities.

The topic covers many related issues. As such, this page serves as a central resource for multiple articles relating to the topic of language and politics. Below are some categories dealing with the overlap between language and politics, along with examples and links to other relevant pages.

United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names
The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN) is one of the nine expert groups of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and deals with the national and international standardization of geographical names. Every five years it holds the UNGEGN conference. The UNGEGN also publishes international guidelines.
Mongolicosa glupovi
Mongolicosa glupovi is a species of wolf spider found in the Russian republics of Altai, Khakassia and Tuva.

This is a dark-coloured spider up to 9.2 mm in length. The male is darker than the female, with the tibia and tarsus paler than the rest of the leg. In females it is the coxa and patella which are slightly paler. (See arthropod leg#Chelicerata for details).

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.