hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pick operating system
The Pick Operating System, also known as the Pick System or simply Pick, is a demand-paged, multi-user, virtual memory, time-sharing computer operating system based around a MultiValue database. Pick is used primarily for business data processing. It is named after one of its developers, Dick Pick.

The term "Pick system" has also come to be used as the general name of all operating environments which employ this multivalued database and have some implementation of Pick/BASIC and ENGLISH/Access queries. Although Pick started on a variety of minicomputers, the system and its various implementations eventually spread to a large assortment of microcomputers, personal computers, and mainframe computers.

Join (SQL)
A join clause in the Structured Query Language (SQL) combines columns from one or more tables into a new table. The operation corresponds to a join operation in relational algebra. Informally, a join stitches two tables and puts on the same row records with matching fields. There are several variants of JOIN: INNER, LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, FULL OUTER, CROSS, and others.
C-20 Gulfstream
The United States military has designated two aircraft versions as the C-20 Gulfstream:

The Gulfstream III, designated the C-20A/B/C/D/E in military service.

The Gulfstream IV, designated the C-20F/G/H in military service.

Gulfstream IV
The Gulfstream IV (or G-IV or GIV) and derivatives are a family of twinjet aircraft, mainly for private or business use. They were designed and built by Gulfstream Aerospace, a General Dynamics company based in Savannah, Georgia, United States, from 1985 until 2018. Aircraft power is provided by two Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay turbofans.

Upon delivery of the last G450, over 900 GIV/GIV-SP/G450 units had been produced. The last of the G450s was delivered on 19 January 2018 after 365 deliveries over 12 years, ending a 30-year production run, to be replaced by the G500.
Barrhaven
Barrhaven is a suburb of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is located about 17 km (11 mi) southwest of the city's downtown core. Prior to amalgamation with Ottawa in 2001, Barrhaven was part of the City of Nepean. Its population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 103,234.

Downtown Ottawa
Downtown Ottawa is the central area of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is sometimes referred to as the Central Business District and contains Ottawa's financial district. It is bordered by the Ottawa River to the north, the Rideau Canal to the east, Gloucester Street to the south and Bronson Avenue to the west. This area and the residential neighbourhood to the south are also known locally as 'Centretown'. The total population of the area is 5,501 (2021 Census).
2014 Oberstaufen Cup
The 2014 Oberstaufen Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Oberstaufen, Germany between 21 and 27 July 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Whitegrass Airport
Whitegrass Airport (IATA: TAH, ICAO: NVVW), also known as White Grass Airport or Tanna Airport, is an airport on the island Tanna, in the Taféa province in Vanuatu.

It is located at Whitegrass (White Grass), 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north of Lénakel township.

Lenakel
Lenakel is the largest town on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. It has a population of 1,473.

It is located on the west coast of the island near the administrative capital of Isangel and serves as a major port of entry.
Pinocchio (play)
Pinocchio is a play by Dennis Kelly, based on the classic children's story by Carlo Collodi and the 1940 Walt Disney film with the original songs and score by Leigh Harline, Ned Washington and Paul J. Smith, adapted by Martin Lowe. The play was presented by the Royal National Theatre, London in December 2017, by special arrangement with Disney Theatrical Productions.

Candlewick (character)
Candlewick, real name Romeo, and also called Lampwick or Candleflame (Italian: Lucignolo [luˈtʃiɲɲolo]), is a fictional character who appears in Carlo Collodi's 1883 book The Adventures of Pinocchio (Le avventure di Pinocchio).
Handball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's tournament
The women's handball tournament at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada was held at the Exhibition Centre (in Hall B) from July 16 to 24.

For these Games, the women competed in an 8-team tournament. The teams were grouped into two pools of four teams each for a round-robin preliminary round. The top two teams in each group advanced to a single elimination bracket.

Brazil were the defending champions from the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, defeating Argentina, 33–15 in the final.

The winner of the tournament were to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, while the 2nd and the 3rd place (due to the continental rankings at the World Championship) qualified for the Olympic Qualification Tournament. As the host nation Brazil won, the runner up qualified instead, in accordance with the regulations.

2015 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2015 IHF World Women's Handball Championship, the 22nd event hosted by the International Handball Federation, was held in Denmark. The decision to select Denmark as the host was announced on 27 January 2011.

In the final Norway won 31–23 against the Netherlands to gain their third title. Romania won bronze after they defeated Poland 31–22.
Patristics
Patristics, also known as patrology, is a branch of theological studies focused on the writings and teachings of the Church Fathers, between the first and the eighth centuries AD. Scholars analyze texts from both orthodox and heretical authors. Patristics emerged as a distinct discipline in the 19th century, supported by critical editions like Patrologia Latina and Patrologia Graeca. The field employs textual analysis, archaeology, and historical criticism to analyze early Christianity's doctrinal, cultural, and intellectual development, incorporating traditions beyond Greek and Latin, such as Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, and Ethiopian.

Development of the New Testament canon
The canon of the New Testament is the set of books many modern Christians regard as divinely inspired and constituting the New Testament of the Christian Bible. For most churches, the canon is an agreed-upon list of 27 books that includes the canonical Gospels, Acts, letters attributed to various apostles, and Revelation.

Initially the canon was a list of the books suited to be read out in church liturgies and used to justify doctrine. The lists initially differed among the geographically-separated churches in antiquity, according to ancient church historian Eusebius. There is a consensus that the 27 books constituting the canon today are the same 27 books generally recognized in the first centuries.
Sergey Kondratyuk
Sergey Yakovlevich Kondratyuk (Ukrainian: Сергій Якович Кондратюк) (born 17 May 1959) is a Ukrainian botanist specialising in lichenology. His research deals with the taxonomy, floristics, ecology and geography of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. He has worked at the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for more than 40 years. In 2014 Kondratyuk was awarded the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology.

State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology
The State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology is an annual award given by the President of Ukraine for accomplishments in science and technology. It is given for one of four categories: outstanding scientific research in the humanities, social, or natural sciences; development of new equipment, technologies, or methods of disease prevention; the solution of environment problems or invention of new environmental conservation techniques; or textbooks or new vocational techniques. It is the highest award given by The Government of Ukraine for accomplishments in science and technology. Recipients are called Laureates of the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology.
Emma de Broughe
Emma de Broughe (born 6 September 2000) is an Australian cricketer and former field hockey player who plays for the South Australian Scorpions in the Women's National Cricket League, and for the Melbourne Renegades in the Women's Big Bash League. Originally a multi-sport athlete, de Broughe decided to switch to cricket following the COVID-19 pandemic.

South Australian Cricket Association
The South Australian Cricket Association (SACA) is the peak body for the sport of cricket in South Australia. The association administers the South Australian men's and women's teams based in Adelaide. SACA is the controlling body for the South Australian Grade Cricket League. The chairman is Will Rayner.
Legislature of Guam
The Legislature of Guam (Chamorro: Lehislaturan Guåhan) is the law-making body for the United States territory of Guam. The unicameral legislative branch consists of fifteen senators, each serving for a two-year term. All members of the legislature are elected at-large with the island under one whole district.  After the enactment of the Guam Organic Act in 1950, the First Guam Legislature was elected composing of 21 elected members. The current fifteen-member 38th Guam Legislature (Chamorro: I Mina' Trentai Siette Na Lehislaturan Guåhan) was elected in November 2024.

The next election will be in 2026.

Chamorro language
Chamorro is an Austronesian language spoken by about 58,000 people, numbering about 25,800 on Guam and about 32,200 in the Northern Mariana Islands and elsewhere.

It is the historic native language of the Chamorro people, who are indigenous to the Mariana Islands, although it is less commonly spoken today than in the past. Chamorro has three distinct dialects: Guamanian, Rotanese, and that in the other Northern Mariana Islands (NMI).
Ramarama language
Ramarama, also known as Karo, is a Tupian language of Brazil.

Unusually for the indigenous languages of South America in general and Tupian in particular, Ramarama is a fairly analytic language, with limited affixation and a strict SOV word order. However, the language also displays complex processes of morphophonological alternation, segmental allophony, and interaction between segmental and suprasegmental phonology.

Clitic
In morphology and syntax, a clitic (/ˈklɪtɪk/ KLIT-ik, backformed from Greek ἐγκλιτικός enklitikós "leaning" or "enclitic") is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase. In this sense, it is syntactically independent but phonologically dependent—always attached to a host. A clitic is pronounced like an affix, but plays a syntactic role at the phrase level. In other words, clitics have the form of affixes, but the distribution of function words.

Clitics can belong to any grammatical category, although they are commonly pronouns, determiners, or adpositions. Note that orthography is not always a good guide for distinguishing clitics from affixes: clitics may be written as separate words, but sometimes they are joined to the word they depend on (like the Latin clitic -que, meaning "and").
2024 PBA Governors' Cup finals
The 2024 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Governors' Cup finals was the best-of-7 championship series for the 2024 PBA Governors' Cup. It marked the end of the conference's playoffs.

The TNT Tropang Giga and the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel competed for the 22nd Governors' Cup championship and the 136th overall championship contested by the league. It was the rematch of the previous Governors' Cup finals.

TNT defeated Barangay Ginebra in six games to win their second straight Governors' Cup. Jayson Castro was named the finals' MVP.

2024 PBA Governors' Cup
The 2024 PBA Governors' Cup, also known as the 2024 Honda PBA Governors' Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the first conference of the 2024–25 PBA season of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). The 22nd edition of the Governors' Cup started on August 18 and ended on November 8, 2024. The tournament allowed teams to hire foreign players or imports with a height limit of 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m).
Smolary, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Smolary [smɔˈlarɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowogródek Pomorski, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Nowogródek Pomorski, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Myślibórz, and 69 km (43 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 20.

Nowogródek Pomorski
Nowogródek Pomorski [nɔvɔˈɡrudɛk pɔˈmɔrski] is a village in Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowogródek Pomorski. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) east of Myślibórz and 64 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 450.

When part of the Greater Poland province of the fragmented Polish realm, Duke Władysław Odonic granted the area to the Knights Templar in 1232. An Early Gothic church was built in the village in the 13th century. Once a town, it received town rights in 1317 and was deprived of them before 1500. The village was heavily destroyed during the Thirty Years' War.

The main landmark of Nowogródek Pomorski is the Gothic church of Our Lady Queen of Poland, which dates back to the 13th century.
Marcgravia
Marcgravia is a genus of plants in the family Marcgraviaceae native to the region spanning from Mexico to tropical South America. It is commonly eaten by the dwarf little fruit bat. The genus is named in memory of the German naturalist Georg Marcgraf. The plant is visited by Thomas's nectar bat.

Marcgravia umbellata
Marcgravia umbellata, also called monkey paws, is a species of flowering vine in the family Marcgraviaceae. It is native to the Lesser Antilles islands in the eastern Caribbean and Anguilla. 
Marcgravia umbellata was the first member of the marcgraviaceae family to be described in modern botanical literature.
Order of Kim Il Sung
The Order of Kim Il Sung (Korean: 김일성훈장) is the highest order of North Korea, along with the Order of Kim Jong Il, and only second to one honorary title, the Hero of Labour.

The order, named after the country's first leader Kim Il Sung, was instituted in 1972 during a reform of the North Korean honors system. Its history is not fully known, but the order was initially round, being changed to a five-pointed star design later, and the picture of Kim Il Sung updated in 2012.

Recipients can be individuals or organizations, who have contributed to the cause of communism. It is traditionally awarded on 15 April, the Day of the Sun, the birthday of Kim Il Sung. Relatively few are awarded, totaling at least 600, to highlight the high symbolic status of the order. Recipients include Kim Jong Il, who received it four times. He was supposed to be the recipient of the first award in 1972, but according to North Korean sources, he initially refused.

Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works
The Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works  (Korean: 김종태전기기관차연합기업소) in P'yŏngyang is North Korea's largest manufacturer of railway equipment. Established in November 1945 in Sŏsŏng-guyŏk, P'yŏngyang near the P'yŏngyang Railway University and the Korean State Railway's West P'yŏngyang Station, the factory manufactures and overhauls electric and diesel locomotives, passenger cars, streetcars and subway trainsets. It is subordinate to the North Korean Ministry of Railways.
Antonis Mor
Anthonis Mor, also known as Anthonis Mor van Dashorst and Antonio Moro (c. 1517 – 1577), was a Netherlandish portrait painter, much in demand by the courts of Europe. He has also been referred to as Antoon, Anthonius, Anthonis or Mor van Dashorst, and as António Mouro, Anthony More, etc., but signed most of his portraits as Anthonis Mor.

Mor developed a formal style for court portraits, largely based on Titian, that was extremely influential on court painters across Europe, especially in the Iberian Peninsula, where it created a tradition that led to Diego Velázquez. His works can include considerable psychological penetration, especially in portraits of men, but always gives the subject a grand and self-possessed air.

Simon Renard
Simon Renard, Sieur of Bermont and Lieutenant of Aumont or Amont, (1513- 8 August 1573) was a Burgundian diplomat who served as an advisor to Emperor Charles V and his son Philip II of Spain, who were also counts of Burgundy. Renard had the court appointment of Master of Requests in Ordinary of the Emperor's household. He was ambassador of Spain in France and England. As ambassador to England, he acquired an extraordinary degree of influence over Mary I of England, and until her marriage to Philip, which he promoted, he was thought by many to be controlling the English Government.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (January–June 2020)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England from January 2020 to June 2020. There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
Madoc ap Uthyr
In early Arthurian literature, Madoc ap Uthyr (also known as Madog or Madawg) is the son of Uther Pendragon, brother to King Arthur and father of Eliwlod. He is memorialized with "The Death Song of Madawg" (Marwnad Madawg) from the Book of Taliesin, which laments his death at Erof's hands; he is also mentioned in the poem Arthur and the Eagle.

A Madawg's grave is mentioned in Englynion y Beddau, which states:

Whose is the quadrangular grave
With its four stones around the front?
The grave of Madawg the intrepid warrior.

Court poet Y Prydydd Bychan calls Madog both iniquitous and a celebrated lord and lists him among other heroic figures with the warning that this life is transitory.

Englynion y Beddau
The Englynion y Beddau (English: The Stanzas or Verses of the Graves) is a Middle Welsh verse catalogue listing the resting places (beddau) of legendary heroes. It consists of a series of englynion, or short stanzas in quantitative meter, and survives in a number of manuscripts. The collection is thought to be considerably older than its earliest manuscript, the 13th-century Black Book of Carmarthen, and provides an important early glimpse at medieval Welsh heroic tradition and topographical folklore.
Saad Abdel-Salam al-Nayef
Saad Abdel-Salam al-Nayef was the Minister of Health of Syria from August 25, 2012 to December 2024 when the Assad regime collapsed. He was appointed to the position after his predecessor, Wael Nader Al-Halqi, was appointed prime minister on 9 August 2012.

Wael Nader al-Halqi
Wael Nader al-Halqi (Arabic: وائل نادر الحلقي, romanized: Wāʾil Nādir al-Ḥalqī; born 4 February 1964) is a Syrian politician who was Prime Minister of Syria from 2012 to 2016. Previously he was Minister of Health from 2011 to 2012. He was appointed as Prime Minister on 9 August 2012.
Peeple (app)
Peeple was a mobile application that was intended to allow people to leave recommendations for other people based on professional, personal, and romantic relationships. Initially described as a "Yelp for People", the original announcement in October 2015 drew criticism over concerns of harassment, and its creators launched a "watered-down" version of Peeple in March 2016. Many critics have noted the similarity of the application to the "Nosedive" episode of the science fiction anthology series Black Mirror as well as other fictional works about social media with themes of gender and obsession with image.

The company was founded in April 2014 by Nicole McCullough and CEO Julia Cordray.

Review site
A review site is a website on which reviews can be posted about people, businesses, products, or services. These sites may use Web 2.0 techniques to gather reviews from site users or may employ professional writers to author reviews on the topic of concern for the site.

Early examples of review sites included ConsumerDemocracy.com, Complaints.com, planetfeedback.com, Epinions.com and ThatGuyWithTheGlasses.com (later rebranded to Channel Awesome in 2014).
Ishnya
Ishnya (Russian: Ишня) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Rostovsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. Population:  3,127 (2010 Census); 3,368 (2002 Census); 3,889 (1989 Soviet census).

Rostovsky District
Rostovsky District (Russian: Росто́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,081.82 square kilometers (803.80 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Rostov (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 34,062.
Dima Al Kasti
Dima Hani Al Kasti (Arabic: ديما هاني الكاستي; born 13 December 2001) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a left-back or left winger for Jordanian club Orthodox, on loan from Lebanese club No Limits, and the Lebanon national team.

2022 WAFF Women's Championship
The 2022 WAFF Women's Championship was the seventh edition of the WAFF Women's Championship, the international women's football championship of Western Asia organised by the West Asian Football Federation (WAFF). It was held in Amman, Jordan from 29 August to 4 September 2022.

Hosts Jordan won their fifth title – and third in a row – after finishing top of their group with three wins in three games. Lebanon finished second, winning two, while Syria and Palestine finished third and fourth respectively, with one draw and two defeats each.
Lakes and rivers of Titan
Lakes of liquid ethane and methane exist on the surface of Titan, Saturn's largest moon. This was confirmed by the Cassini–Huygens space probe, as had been suspected since the 1980s. The large bodies of liquid are known as maria (seas) and the small ones as lacūs (lakes).

Specular reflection
Specular reflection, or regular reflection, is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface.

The law of reflection states that a reflected ray of light emerges from the reflecting surface at the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray, but on the opposing side of the surface normal. The incident and reflected rays lie in a plane known as the plane of incidence. The angles of the two rays to the normal are known as the angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

The earliest known description of this behavior was recorded by Hero of Alexandria (AD c. 10–70). Later, Alhazen gave a complete statement of the law of reflection. He was first to state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in a same plane perpendicular to reflecting plane.

Specular reflection may be contrasted with diffuse reflection, in which light is scattered away from the surface in a range of directions.