hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008 Tunisian protests
The 2008 Gafsa strikes, also referred to as the Gafsa Social Movement, Gafsa events or the revolt in the Gafsa mining basin is an important social movement that shook the mining region of southwestern Tunisia—particularly the town of Redeyef, but also Moularès, Métlaoui, and Mdhilla—for nearly six months in 2008. These events took place in the phosphate-rich Gafsa mining basin, 350 kilometers southwest of Tunis, in a central region hard hit by unemployment and poverty. The protests were the most important social unrest known by Tunisia since the “bread riots” in 1983–84 and since the coming to power of President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali in 1987.

Tunisian bread riots
The Tunisian bread riots (French: émeutes du pain, Arabic: أحداث الخبز) were a series of violent demonstrations in Tunisia that occurred from December 1983 to January 1984, triggered by a rise in the price of bread due to an IMF-imposed austerity program. President Habib Bourguiba declared a state of emergency and the riots were put down by force. Over 100 rioters died. The regime was weakened by the upheavals and the aftermath of food riots. Three years later General Zine El Abidine Ben Ali seized power in a coup d'état.
Pride (Living Colour album)
Pride is a compilation album by the American rock band Living Colour, released on November 14, 1995. In addition to some of their most commercially successful songs, the album includes four rare tracks recorded for the follow-up to their third album, Stain.

The collection is out of print; problems with the rights ownership make a reissue unlikely.

Biscuits (EP)
Biscuits was an EP of live and unreleased cuts by Living Colour, released on July 16, 1991. The Sony Music Japan edition of this disc had nine extra tracks not available on the international editions, making Biscuits a compilation album. This is the final Living Colour release to feature bassist Muzz Skillings.
Farda Amiga
Farda Amiga (foaled February 1, 1999) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Bred in Kentucky, but owned and trained by Brazilian horsemen, she showed some promise racing on turf as a juvenile in 2001, winning on her racecourse debut and finishing fifth at Grade III level on her only subsequent start. In the following season she won one of her first two races on turf before being switched to run on dirt and showed improved form. After a third-place finish in the Santa Anita Oaks, she recorded an upset win in the Kentucky Oaks and then recovered from illness to win the Alabama Stakes in August. She was retired after finishing second to the American Horse of the Year Azeri in the Breeders' Cup Distaff. Her record as  broodmare has not been impressive.

Storm Cat
Storm Cat (February 27, 1983 – April 24, 2013) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse and stallion whose breeding fee during the peak of his stud career was $500,000, the highest in North America at the time. He was the leading sire in North America in 1999 and 2000, and the leading juvenile (two-year-old) sire a record seven times. He sired 108 graded stakes winners and eight champions, including Giant's Causeway, who also became a leading sire.

Although best known as a sire, Storm Cat was one of the best two-year-old racehorses of his generation, winning the Grade I Young America Stakes and finishing second in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile.
1994–95 British Basketball League season
The 1994–95 BBL season was known as the Budweiser League for sponsorship reasons. The season featured a total of 13 teams, playing 36 games each. A major change saw the Guildford Kings franchise fold due to the club being unable to negotiate a viable contract with the owners of the Guildford Spectrum. The league sold Kings' licence to a group headed by Robert Earl, Ed Simons and Harvey Goldsmith, who established the Leopards. Oldham Celtics dropped down a division to National League Division One.

Newcomers Sheffield Sharks formerly Sheffield Forgers won the regular season and claimed the title in their rookie season in addition to becoming National Cup champions. Seventh-seed Worthing Bears caused a huge upset in the post-season Play-off to take the Championship crown with a memorable victory over Manchester Giants in the final. The Thames Valley Tigers secured the BBL Trophy.

Essex Leopards (1994–2003)
The Essex Leopards, or just Leopards as they were more commonly known, was a British basketball team competing in the British Basketball League. Established in 1994, the Leopards franchise was one of the most successful teams of the 1990s, dominating the domestic scene with local rivals London Towers.

Originally playing out of the London Arena as Leopards and later Greater London Leopards, the team was moved to Brentwood in 1999, and in 2002 the name was changed to the Essex Leopards. For financial reasons the team decided to "sit out" the 2003–04 season of the BBL and while every effort was made to find a buyer for the franchise, the Leopards soon folded completely.
Penny from Heaven
Penny from Heaven (2006) is a children's novel that was named a Newbery Honor book in 2007. It was written by Jennifer L. Holm, the author of another Newbery Honor book, Our Only May Amelia. It was first published by Random House.

Our Only May Amelia
Our Only May Amelia is a 1999 American historical youth novel by Jennifer L. Holm. Set in 1899 near Astoria, Oregon, it follows a young girl's coming of age amongst the region's Finnish community, and her life as the youngest of seven children—and the only girl—of Finnish immigrant parents. The novel is based on diaries written by Holm's aunt.
Paraopeba
Paraopeba is a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 24,700 people living in a total area of 625 square kilometres (241 sq mi). The city belongs to the meso-region of Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte and to the micro-region of Sete Lagoas. It became a municipality in 1911.

Setubinha
Setubinha is a  municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.  As of 2020 the population was 12,378 in a total area of 536 km2 (207 sq mi). The elevation is 729 metres. It is part of the Immediate Geographic Region of Teófilo Otoni.

The economy is based on cattle raising and agriculture, with the main crops being coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and corn.  As of 2005 there were no hospitals and 3 public health clinics.  In 2006 there were 14 primary schools and 2 middle schools.
Voiced postalveolar affricate
A voiced palato-alveolar sibilant affricate, voiced post-alveolar affricate, or voiced domed postalveolar sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "j" sound in "jump".

This sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with ⟨d͡ʒ⟩, ⟨d͜ʒ⟩, ⟨dʒ⟩, or in some broad transcriptions ⟨ɟ⟩. There is also a ligature ⟨ʤ⟩, which has been retired by the International Phonetic Association but is still used. Alternatives used in the Americanist tradition are ⟨ǰ⟩, ⟨ǧ⟩, ⟨ǯ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩.

Postalveolar consonant
Postalveolar (post-alveolar) consonants are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge. Articulation is farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself, but not as far back as the hard palate, the place of articulation for palatal consonants. Examples of postalveolar consonants are the English palato-alveolar consonants [ʃ] [tʃ] [ʒ] [dʒ], as in the words "ship", "'chill", "vision", and "jump", respectively.

There are many types of postalveolar sounds—especially among the sibilants. The three primary types are palato-alveolar (such as [ʃ ʒ], weakly palatalized; also alveopalatal), alveolo-palatal (such as [ɕ ʑ], strongly palatalized), and retroflex (such as [ʂ ʐ], unpalatalized). The palato-alveolar and alveolo-palatal subtypes are commonly counted as "palatals" in phonology since they rarely contrast with true palatal consonants.
Falkland Islands English
Falkland Islands English is the dialect of the English language spoken in the Falkland Islands. It is mainly derived from varieties of English spoken in Southern England and retains many similarities with them. However, it also shares certain features with Southern Hemisphere Englishes, and Falklanders visiting the UK are sometimes mistaken for Australians or New Zealanders. The dialect persists despite the arrival of many immigrants from the United Kingdom in recent years. In rural areas (i.e. anywhere outside Stanley), known as 'Camp' (from Spanish campo or 'countryside'), the Falkland accent tends to be stronger.

High rising terminal
The high rising terminal (HRT), also known as rising inflection, upspeak, uptalk, or high rising intonation (HRI), is a feature of some variants of English where declarative sentences can end with a rising pitch similar to that typically found in yes/no questions. HRT has been claimed to be especially common among younger speakers and women, though its exact sociolinguistic implications are an ongoing subject of research.
State Highway 7 (New Zealand)
State Highway 7 is a major New Zealand state highway. One of the eight national highways, it crosses the Southern Alps to link the West Coast Region with Canterbury and to form a link between the South Island's two longest highways, State Highway 1 and State Highway 6. Distances are measured from east to west with the major junction list going from east to west.

For most of its length SH 7 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas. There are a number of passing lanes at irregular intervals through the rural sections. The New Zealand Transport Agency classifies SH 7 as a primary collector highway, preferring State Highway 73 via Arthur's Pass as the strategic highway between Canterbury and the West Coast.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
Prawn cocktail
Prawn cocktail, also known as shrimp cocktail, is a seafood dish consisting of shelled, cooked prawns in a Marie Rose sauce or cocktail sauce, served in a glass. It was the most popular hors d'œuvre in Great Britain, as well as in the United States, from the 1960s to the late 1980s. According to the English food writer Nigel Slater, the prawn cocktail "has spent most of (its life) see-sawing from the height of fashion to the laughably passé" and is now often served with a degree of irony.

The cocktail sauce is essentially ketchup and mayonnaise in Commonwealth countries, or ketchup and horseradish in the United States. Recipes may add Worcestershire sauce, hot sauce, vinegar, cayenne pepper or lemon juice.

Hors d'oeuvre
An hors d'oeuvre (/ɔːr ˈdɜːrv(rə)/ or DURV(-rə); French: hors-d'œuvre [ɔʁ dœvʁ(ə)] ⓘ), appetiser, appetizer or starter is a small dish served before a meal in European cuisine. Some hors d'oeuvres are served cold, others hot. Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal, or they may be served before seating, such as at a reception or cocktail party. Formerly, hors d'oeuvres were also served between courses.

Typically smaller than a main dish, an hors d'oeuvre is often designed to be eaten by hand. Hors d'oeuvre are typically served at parties as a small "snack" before a main course.
Bradley, Gloucestershire
Bradley is a small village in the Stroud District, in the county of Gloucestershire, England.

Also part of the village is the hamlet of Bradley Green, with its eponymous area of common land, still used for agriculture today.  Buildings of note include the Grade II listed Bradley Court, once owned by the Berkeleys of Berkeley Castle and various former weavers' cottages which front on to Bradley Green itself.  Within sight are Swinhay House, Wotton Hill and the Tyndale Monument.  Nearby settlements include the town of Wotton-under-Edge, the villages of Kingswood, North Nibley and Charfield, and the hamlets of Howley, Southend and Bournstream.

For transport there is the B4060 road, the B4062 road, the B4058 road and the M5 motorway nearby.

Stroud District
51°44′53″N 2°12′58″W﻿ / ﻿51.748°N 2.216°W﻿ / 51.748; -2.216

Stroud District is a local government district in Gloucestershire, England. The district is named after its largest town of Stroud. The council is based at Ebley Mill in the district of Cainscross, west of central Stroud. The district also includes the towns of Berkeley, Dursley, Nailsworth, Stonehouse and Wotton-under-Edge, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Over half of the district lies within the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Forest of Dean, Tewkesbury, Gloucester, Cotswold and South Gloucestershire.
Norton AntiVirus
Norton AntiVirus is a proprietary software anti-virus and anti-malware product founded by Peter Norton, developed and distributed by Symantec (now Gen Digital) since 1990 as part of its Norton family of computer security products. It uses signatures and heuristics to identify viruses. Other features included in it are e-mail spam filtering and phishing protection.

Symantec distributes the product as a download, a box copy, and as OEM software. Norton AntiVirus held a 13% US retail market share for security suites as of 2025. When combined with the Gen Digital family, the firm held a 27% market share.

Norton AntiVirus runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS, with the related product Norton Mobile Security running on Android and iOS.

Proprietary software
Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms.

Proprietary software is a subset of non-free software, a term defined in contrast to free and open-source software; non-commercial licenses such as CC BY-NC are not deemed proprietary, but are non-free. Proprietary software may either be closed-source software or source-available software.
Bennett Peak
Bennett Peak is a high and prominent mountain summit in the San Juan Mountains range of the Rocky Mountains System, in southwestern Colorado.

The 13,209-foot (4,026 m) thirteener is located in Rio Grande National Forest, 14.2 miles (22.8 km) south-southwest (bearing 198°) of the Town of Del Norte in Rio Grande County.

Bennett Peak is the highest point in Rio Grande County.

Rio Grande National Forest
Rio Grande National Forest is a 1.86 million-acre (7,530 km2)  U.S. national forest located in southwestern Colorado. The forest encompasses the San Luis Valley, which is the world's largest agricultural alpine valley, as well as one of the world's largest high deserts located around mountains.  The Rio Grande rises in the forest, and the Continental Divide runs along most of its western border. The forest lies in parts of nine counties. In descending order of land area within the forest they are Saguache, Mineral, Conejos, Rio Grande, Hinsdale, San Juan, Alamosa, Archuleta, and Custer counties. Forest headquarters are currently located in Del Norte, Colorado. There are local ranger district offices in Del Norte, La Jara, and Saguache.
China Agricultural University
China Agricultural University (CAU) is a public university in Haidian, Beijing, China. The university is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. It is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was formed in 1995 through the merger of the Beijing Agricultural University and the Beijing Agricultural Engineering University, which evolved from one of the earliest agriculture institutions in China founded in 1905.

As of December 2019, CAU offers 66 undergraduate majors and over 32 masters and 21 doctoral programs. There are around 12,000 undergraduate and 8,900 graduate students. Among them, 508 students are international. Its gymnasium hosted the wrestling events during the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Project 985
Project 985 (Chinese: 985工程) was a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government for creating world-class higher education institutions, initiated in May 1998. There were 39 universities selected to be part of this program, which are mostly considered top-tier institutions in mainland China.

Project 211 and Project 985 were both initiated by the Jiang Zemin administration in 1990s as part of the "revitalize the country through science and education" strategy. They were nullified in 2016 and replaced by the Double First-Class Construction in 2017, under the Xi Jinping administration.
CYP27 family
Cytochrome P450, family 27, also known as CYP27, is a Deuterostome cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family found in human genome. This family belongs to Mitochondrial clan CYPs, which is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria(IMM). There are three members in the human genome, CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP27C1, and an ortholog CYP27F1 in sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Hindgut
The hindgut (or epigaster) is the posterior (caudal) part of the alimentary canal. In mammals, it includes the distal one third of the transverse colon and the splenic flexure, the descending colon, sigmoid colon and up to the ano-rectal junction. In zoology, the term hindgut refers also to the cecum and ascending colon.

Colic flexures
In the anatomy of the human digestive tract, there are two colic flexures, or curvatures in the transverse colon. The right colic flexure is also known as the hepatic flexure, and the left colic flexure is also known as the splenic flexure.
Sodium fumarate
Sodium fumarate, also called disodium fumarate, is a compound with the molecular formula Na2C4H2O4. It is the sodium salt of fumaric acid, used as an acidity regulator in processed foods. Sodium fumarate and fumaric acid are sometimes used as terminal electron acceptors in the cultivation of certain anaerobic microorganisms. It appears as an odourless, white, crystalline powder and is soluble in water.

Fumaric acid
Fumaric acid or trans-butenedioic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H. A white solid, fumaric acid occurs widely in nature.  It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a food additive. Its E number is E297. The salts and esters are known as fumarates.  Fumarate can also refer to the C4H2O2−4 ion (in solution). Fumaric acid is the trans isomer of butenedioic acid, while maleic acid is the cis isomer.
Mark Nauseef
Mark Nauseef (born June 11, 1953) is an American drummer and percussionist who has enjoyed a varied career, ranging from rock music during the 1970s with his time as a member of the Ian Gillan Band and, temporarily with Thin Lizzy when Brian Downey was unable to travel because of health problems, to a wide range of musical styles in more recent times, playing with notable musicians from around the world.

Brian Downey (drummer)
Brian Michael Downey (born 27 January 1951) is an Irish drummer. He was a founding member of the rock band Thin Lizzy and the only other constant in the band aside from leader Phil Lynott until their disbandment in 1983. Downey also co-wrote several Thin Lizzy songs. Allmusic critic Eduardo Rivadavia has argued that Downey is "certainly one of the most underrated [rock drummers] of his generation".
Ahansar Lake
Ahansar Lake is a rural freshwater ox-bow lake located in close vicinity of Manasbal Lake in Ahan village, Ganderbal district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is situated approximately 26 kilometers northwest of Srinagar city within the geographical coordinates of 34° 18´ N latitude and 74° 39´ E longitude. The lake is classified as a semi-drainage type with a maximum depth of 4.80 meters and covers an area of 0.80 square kilometers. It is located at an altitude of 1584 meters above sea level.

The lake is characterized by its shallow depth and an extended zone of emergent vegetation along its periphery. Water supply to the lake is maintained by underground springs spread over its basin, supplemented by an ephemeral irrigation channel during the paddy cultivation period. It has a permanent outflow channel on the western side that drains excessive water into the Jehlum River.

Oxbow lake
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water. The word "oxbow" can also refer to a U-shaped bend in a river or stream, whether it is cut off from the main stream. It takes its name from an oxbow which is part of a harness for oxen to pull a plough or cart.

In South Texas, oxbows left by the Rio Grande are called resacas.  In Australia, oxbow lakes are called billabongs.
Lemon (developer)
Lemon was a video game developer founded in 1994 by Søren Hannibal and Jacob Andersen, who had previously been members of a demoscene group of the same name.

Lemon created the voxel-based 3D shooter Amok for Sega Saturn and PC. A PlayStation version was underway but was ultimately cancelled. Programmer Martin Pollas joined in 1996 to work on the PC version of Amok.

When Lemon's publisher, Scavenger, went bankrupt the team split up. Søren went to work for Shiny Entertainment (creating the Matrix games) while Jacob and Martin joined up with the remaining members of Zyrinx to form Reto-Moto (Hitman series and Freedom Fighters) in 1998.

Before Lemon, Søren and Jacob created the Amiga game Banshee while working at British game developer/publisher Core Design.

Zyrinx
Zyrinx was a video game developer founded in 1992 in Copenhagen, Denmark. It consisted exclusively of people who had been active in the Amiga demoscene in the late 1980s and early 1990s, including composer Jesper Kyd.

The first game developed by Zyrinx was Sub-Terrania for the Sega Mega Drive. During the development, the team relocated to Boston. Later, the team developed the games Red Zone and Scorcher. Zyrinx's 3D rendering technology was showcased in a Sega 32X promotion video. The team dissolved in 1998 because their publisher Scavenger went bankrupt.

In 1998, the Zyrinx team reformed under the name Reto-Moto and went on to create IO Interactive and the Hitman series of games. By 2008 the Reto-Moto team had reformed the company and was working on multiplayer focused games.