hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nyabugogo River
The Nyabugogo River is a river in Rwanda, Africa and tributary to the Nyabarongo River. The source of the river is Lake Muhazi and flows west, forming the northern border between the Northern and Kigali Provinces of Rwanda, in the southern portion of the Nile Basin. It empties into the lower Nyabarongo River as a tributary near Kigali city, the capital of Rwanda. The river has a total length of 59 kilometres (37 mi) and a catchment area of 1,650 square kilometres (640 square miles).

Between 2018 and 2024, a Programme of Measures was developed to improve the river. It included agroforestry, afforestation, and terraces all in an effort to reduce the amount of soil erosion.

Northern Province, Rwanda
Northern Province (Kinyarwanda: Intara y'Amajyaruguru; French: Province du Nord; Dutch: Noordelijke Provincie) is one of Rwanda's five provinces. It was created in early January 2006 as part of a government decentralization program that re-organized the country's local government structures.

Northern Province comprises most of the former provinces of Ruhengeri and Byumba, along with northern portions of Kigali Rural. It is divided into the districts of Burera, Gicumbi, Gakenke, Musanze, and Rulindo.

The capital city of Northern Province is Musanze.

The province's official languages are English, French and Kinyarwanda.

The governor, appointed by presidential decree, is currently Hon. Maurice MUGABOWAGAHUNDE.

The preceding governors of Northern province were Dancilla Nyirarugero, Gatabazi Jean Marie Vianney, Claude Musabyimana, Bosenibamwe Aimée, Boniface Rucagu,  formerly governor of Ruhengeri Province.
J. C. Callaghan
John C. Callaghan (July 9, 1869 – January 27, 1929) was the fourth Arizona Secretary of State.  Prior to that he had been elected to be Arizona's first state auditor, taking office on the day Arizona officially became a state on February 14, 1912.  He served a second term, but chose not to run for a third term in 1916.  In 1926, he ran for and won the position of Arizona State Treasurer.  He decided not to run for re-election in 1928, instead running for the Secretary of State office.  He easily won the Democratic primary with 17,769 votes, defeating his two opponents: W. H. Linville (13,270 votes) and William C. Joyner (9100 votes).  He won a close race in November against Republican Isaac "Ike" Peter Frazier. However, while he was officially the Secretary of State, he never served in his official capacity. He was taken ill on January 5, 1929, and taken to the hospital.  He underwent surgery on January 21, and died of complications from that surgery on January 27.

Secretary of State of Arizona
The secretary of state of Arizona is an elected position in the U.S. state of Arizona. Since Arizona does not have a lieutenant governor, the secretary stands first in the line of succession to the governorship. The secretary also serves as acting governor whenever the governor is incapacitated or out of state. In 2022, voters approved Proposition 131 which created the office of Lieutenant Governor, who will be jointly elected with the Governor, and will supersede the secretary of state in the order of succession. These changes will take effect following the 2026 elections.

The secretary is the keeper of the Seal of Arizona and administers oaths of office. The current office holder is Democrat Adrian Fontes.
Mike Crites
Don Michael Crites (born June 16, 1948) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party and former United States Attorney for the Southern District of Ohio in the administrations of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush. He was a candidate for Ohio Attorney General in 2008. He currently resides in Lancaster, Ohio. Crites officially retired in December 2022.

The Columbus Dispatch
The Columbus Dispatch is a daily newspaper based in Columbus, Ohio. Its first issue was published on July 1, 1871, and it has been the only mainstream daily newspaper in the city since The Columbus Citizen-Journal ceased publication in 1985.

As of November 2019, Alan D. Miller is the newspaper's interim general manager.
Scott Tracy Griffin
Scott Tracy Griffin is an American writer, actor and "one of the world's leading experts" on author Edgar Rice Burroughs and his works. He is the author of Tarzan: The Centennial Celebration, the "only official commemorative illustrated history" of Burroughs' literary character Tarzan, which book was a 2013 Locus Award finalist for Best Art Book.

Griffin began writing professionally in 1993, covering the film industry for magazines including Cinefantastique, FilmFax, and Alter Ego. He scripted the Tarzan Sunday comic strip in 1996 and has consulted on and appeared in documentaries and news programs, including Investigating Tarzan and Tarzan: Silver Screen King of the Jungle to discuss Edgar Rice Burroughs and Tarzan.

Griffin said he became deeply interested in the Tarzan character through the "Tarzan Family" and "Korak, Son of Tarzan" DC Comics as well as reprints of Tarzan strips by cartoonist Russ Manning.

Russ Manning
Russell George Manning (January 5, 1929 – December 1, 1981) was an American comic book artist who created the series Magnus, Robot Fighter and illustrated such newspaper comic strips as Tarzan and Star Wars. He was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2006.
Spanish Intelligence Community
The Spanish Intelligence Community (Spanish: Comunidad de Inteligencia Española) is a group of intelligence organizations dependent on the Government of Spain that established themselves as an intelligence community through Law 11/2002. The intelligence community can be divided into three blocks:

Foreign intelligence: Formed by the National Intelligence Center along with its minor agencies.

Domestic intelligence: Formed mainly by the Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime and other minor agencies.

Military intelligence: Formed by the Armed Forces Intelligence Center and the agencies of each branch of the Armed Forces.

To all these agencies, must to be added the intelligence agencies from the different police corps of Spain. The Intelligence Community responds directly to the President of the Government of Spain and his Cabinet.

Centro de Inteligencia de las Fuerzas Armadas
The Centro de Inteligencia de las Fuerzas Armadas, known as CIFAS is a Spanish intelligence agency, part of the Defence Staff (EMAD).  It has the function of providing the Chief of the Defence Staff, the Ministry of Defence and the Prime Minister with information on risk situations and crises from abroad. It is led by a director with the rank of general.

It is a unique and joint body of the Spanish Armed Forces in matters of military intelligence; it controls the systems of intelligence and electronic warfare, maintaining the intelligence centers of the Army, Navy and Air Force, functional dependence on the CIFAS. Founded in 2004, it replaces the former Intelligence Division of the Defence Staff.
Barik card
Barik (Biscayan Basque: [ˈba.ɾik], "[contact]less") is a rechargeable contactless smart card, electronic money used for public transport in Biscay (Spain).

It was launched on 2012 as successor of Creditrans travel card. It is available as a credit-card-sized card.

Biscay
Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, ˈbɪski/ BISK-ay, BISK-ee; Basque: Bizkaia [bis̻kai.a]; Spanish: Vizcaya [biθˈkaʝa]) is a province of the Basque Autonomous Community, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao.

Biscay is one of the most renowned and prosperous provinces of Spain, historically a major trading hub in the Atlantic Ocean since medieval times and, later on, one of the largest industrial and financial centers of the Iberian Peninsula. Since the extensive deindustrialization that took place throughout the 1970s, the economy has come to rely more on the services sector.
Ghost Nebula
The Ghost Nebula (designated Sh 2-136, VdB 141) is a reflection nebula located in the constellation Cepheus.

It lies near the cluster NGC 7023. Looking at the adjacent image, the nebula's name is easily understood. The Ghost Nebula is referred to as a globule (catalogued CB230) and over 2 light-years across. There are several stars embedded, whose reflected light make the nebula appear a yellowish-brown colour.

Reflection nebula
In astronomy, reflection nebulae are clouds of interstellar dust which might reflect the light of a nearby star or stars. The energy from the nearby stars is insufficient to ionize the gas of the nebula to create an emission nebula, but is enough to give sufficient scattering to make the dust visible. Thus, the frequency spectrum shown by reflection nebulae is similar to that of the illuminating stars. Among the microscopic particles responsible for the scattering are carbon compounds (e. g. diamond dust) and compounds of other elements such as iron and nickel. The latter two are often aligned with the galactic magnetic field and cause the scattered light to be slightly polarized.
2018 Ottawa municipal election
The 2018 Ottawa municipal election was a municipal election that was held on October 22, 2018, to elect the mayor of Ottawa, Ottawa City Council and the Ottawa-Carleton Public and Catholic School Boards. The election was held on the same day as elections in every other municipality in Ontario.

The electoral system used is first-past-the-post. Successful candidates do not need to have majority support of the voters in their district. Seven of the 23 successful ward councillors were elected with less than majority of votes in their districts.

2018 Ontario municipal elections
The 2018 municipal elections in Ontario were held on October 22, 2018.

Voters in the province of Ontario elected mayors, councillors, school board trustees and all other elected officials in all of the province's municipalities.
Jadon Sancho
Jadon Malik Sancho (born 25 March 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a winger for Premier League club Aston Villa, on loan from Manchester United.

Previously a youth player with Watford and Manchester City, Sancho signed his first senior contract with Borussia Dortmund in 2017. Over four seasons with the club he made 137 appearances and won the 2019 DFL-Supercup and the 2020–21 DFB-Pokal, where he finished as the tournament's top scorer.

Sancho returned to England to sign for Manchester United in 2021, winning an EFL Cup in his second season. He later spent successive loan spells at Dortmund, where he reached the 2024 UEFA Champions League final, and Chelsea, where he won the UEFA Conference League in 2025 and scored in the final.

Sancho was part of the England youth team that won the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup. He made his debut for the senior team in 2018, later appearing at UEFA Euro 2020.

UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The UEFA European Under-17 Championship, or simply the Euro Under-17, is an annual football competition contested by the men's under-17 national teams of the UEFA member associations.

Spain is the most successful team in this competition, having won nine titles. Portugal are the current champions, having won their 7th title following a 3–0 victory over France in the 2025 final.
Mankjur al-Farghani
Mankjur or Minkajur al-Farghani (Arabic: منكجور الفرغاني) or al-Ushrusani (Arabic: منكجور الأشروسني) was a 9th-century Iranian military officer in the service of the Abbasid Caliphate. He was a cousin of the prominent Abbasid general Khaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin, thus belonging to the ruling family of Ushrusana. Mankjur accompanied al-Afshin in his campaign against the Khurramite Babak Khorramdin, and was later appointed as governor of Adharbayjan by him in 837. However, in 839, Mankjur, after refusing to give the caliph al-Mu'tasim some of Babak's booty, revolted against him. Al-Mu'tasim responded by sending against him Bugha al-Kabir, who managed to suppress his revolt and imprison him in Samarra. The affair of Mankjur raised suspicions about the loyalty of the al-Afshin, who was accused of encouraging the revolt, and contributed to the general's own downfall in the following year.

Vladimir Minorsky
Vladimir Fyodorovich Minorsky (Russian: Владимир Фёдорович Минорский; 5 February [O.S. 24 February] 1877 – 25 March 1966) was a White Russian academic, historian, and scholar of Oriental studies, best known for his contributions to the study of history of Iran and the Iranian peoples such as Persians, Lurs, and Kurds in addition to the Kartvelian Laz people.
Luke Snyder and Noah Mayer
Luke Snyder and Noah Mayer are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American CBS daytime drama As the World Turns. Luke was portrayed by Van Hansis, and Noah was portrayed by Jake Silbermann. On Internet message boards, the couple is referred to by the portmanteau "Nuke" (for Noah and Luke). They are notable for being one of American daytime television's first gay male couples.

The two made history on August 17, 2007, when the show "featured the first-ever" gay male kiss in American daytime. The YouTube video of the kiss was one of the top-watched the following day. The kiss was later labeled "legendary" and was, at the time, one of the most viewed selections in the history of YouTube with over 2 million hits.

In other press, the two were named one of television's top power couples by TV Guide and one of the great supercouples by Entertainment Weekly. They are American soap operas' first gay male supercouple.

Soap Opera Digest
Soap Opera Digest was a weekly magazine covering American daytime soap operas. It featured onscreen and offscreen news about various series, interviews with and articles about performers, storyline summaries and analysis, and related promotional information. Debuting in 1975, the magazine historically included certain prime time soap operas in its coverage as well.
History of webcomics
The history of webcomics follows the advances of technology, art, and business of comics on the Internet. The first comics were shared through the Internet in the mid-1980s. Some early webcomics were derivatives from print comics, but when the World Wide Web became widely popular in the mid-1990s, more people started creating comics exclusively for this medium. By the year 2000, various webcomic creators were financially successful and webcomics became more artistically recognized.

In the second half of the 2000s, webcomics became less financially sustainable due to the rise of social media and consumers' disinterest in certain kinds of merchandise. However, crowdsourcing through Kickstarter and Patreon also became popular in this period, allowing readers to donate money to webcomic creators directly. The 2010s also saw the rise of webtoons in South Korea, where the form has become very prominent.

Webcomic
Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books.
Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic. Readership levels vary widely; many are read only by the creator's immediate friends and family, while some of the most widely read have audiences of well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics, and cover many genres, styles, and subjects. They sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. The term web cartoonist is sometimes used to refer to someone who creates webcomics. Two examples of webcomic website builders are Comic Fury and Webtoon.
2020–21 League 2 (Iran)
The 2020–21 Iran Football's 2nd Division season was the 20th under 2nd Division since its establishment in the current format in 2001. The season featured 21 teams from the 2nd Division 2019–20, three new team relegated from the 2019–20 Azadegan League: Elmoadab Tabriz F.C., Sepidrood Rasht S.C., Nirooye Zamini F.C., and four new teams promoted from the 3rd Division 2019–20: Shahin Bandar Ameri, Mohtasham Tabriz, Vista Toorbin, Oghab Tehran F.C.
These changes has been applied before the season:

2019–20 League 2 (Iran)
The 2019–20 Iran Football's 2nd Division season was the 19th under 2nd Division since its establishment (current format) in 2001. The season featured 21 teams from the 2nd Division 2018–19, one new team relegated from the 2018–19 Azadegan League: Shahrdari Mahshahr, and six new teams promoted from the 3rd Division 2018–19: Shahrdari Astara, Melli Haffari Ahvaz, Esteghlal Molasani, Milad Mehr Iranian Tehran, Darayi Bandar Gaz, Shohadaye Razakan Karaj.

After concerns about COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, the season was suspended on 1 March 2020.
Carbonea austroshetlandica
Carbonea austroshetlandica is a species of lichenicolous fungus belonging to the family Lecanoraceae. It was discovered in the South Shetland Islands where it grows on Carbonea assentiens but has since been reported from King George Island where it uses Rhizocarpon geographicum as a host.

Rhizocarpon geographicum
Rhizocarpon geographicum (the map lichen) is a species of lichen, which grows on rocks in mountainous areas of low air pollution. Each lichen is a flat patch bordered by a black line of fungal hyphae. These patches grow adjacent to each other, leading to the appearance of a map or a patchwork field.

When circular, or roughly circular, the diameter of this lichen species has been widely used to help determining the relative age of deposits, e.g. moraine systems, thus revealing evidence of glacial advances. The process is termed lichenometry.
Kevin L. Ward
Captain Kevin Ward, OHP (born 1963) is an American police officer and politician from the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Ward previously served as the Oklahoma Secretary of Safety and Security, having been appointed by Governor of Oklahoma Brad Henry in 2004 and serving until 2011. Ward served concurrently as Oklahoma Commissioner of Public Safety.

Oklahoma Governor's Cabinet
The Cabinet of the governor of Oklahoma is a body of the most senior appointed officials of the executive branch of the government of Oklahoma. Originally an informal meeting between the governor of Oklahoma and various government officials, the governor's Cabinet has evolved into an important information link between the governor and the various agencies, boards and commissions that operate within state government.

Cabinet officers are appointed by the governor, subject to confirmation by the Oklahoma Senate. Once confirmed, all members of the Cabinet receive the title "Secretary" and serve at the pleasure of the governor. The Cabinet is responsible for advising the governor on the operations and policies of the state government.

The current Cabinet is serving under Governor Kevin Stitt.
Integer triangle
An integer triangle or integral triangle is a triangle all of whose side lengths are integers.  A rational triangle is one whose side lengths are rational numbers; any rational triangle can be rescaled by the lowest common denominator of the  sides to obtain a similar integer triangle, so there is a close relationship between integer triangles and rational triangles.

Sometimes other definitions of the term rational triangle are used: Carmichael (1914) and Dickson (1920) use the term to mean a Heronian triangle (a triangle with integral or rational side lengths and area); Conway and Guy (1996) define a rational triangle as one with rational sides and rational angles measured in degrees—the only such triangles are rational-sided equilateral triangles.

Greatest common divisor
In mathematics, the greatest common divisor (GCD), also known as greatest common factor (GCF), of two or more integers, which are not all zero, is the largest positive integer that divides each of the integers. For two integers x, y, the greatest common divisor of x and y is denoted . For example, the GCD of 8 and 12 is 4, that is, gcd(8, 12) = 4.

In the name "greatest common divisor", the adjective "greatest" may be replaced by "highest", and the word "divisor" may be replaced by "factor", so that other names include highest common factor (HCF), etc. Historically, other names for the same concept have included greatest common measure.

This notion can be extended to polynomials (see Polynomial greatest common divisor) and other commutative rings (see § In commutative rings below).
Tolaga Bay
Tolaga Bay (Māori: Ūawa) is both a bay and small town on the East Coast of New Zealand's North Island located 45 kilometres northeast of Gisborne and 30 kilometres south of Tokomaru Bay.

The region around the bay is rugged and remote, and for many years the only access to the town was by boat. Because the bay is shallow, a long wharf – the second longest in New Zealand (600m) after the Tiwai Point wharf at Bluff (1,500m) – was built in the 1920s to accommodate visiting vessels. The last cargo ship to use the wharf loaded a cargo of maize in 1967.

The town is a popular holiday spot. Its population is predominantly Māori, a centre of the Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti hapū and home of chief Te Kani-a-Takirau (died c. 1856) and tohunga Te Rangiuia (died 1850).

Gisborne, New Zealand
Gisborne is a city in northeastern New Zealand and the largest settlement in the Gisborne District (or Gisborne Region). It has a population of 38,100 (June 2025). Gisborne District Council has its headquarters in the central city.
Cronin Peak
Cronin Peak is a high mountain summit in the southern Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 13,877-foot (4,230 m) thirteener is located in San Isabel National Forest, 12.9 miles (20.8 km) southwest by west (bearing 241°) of the community of Nathrop in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States.  Cronin Peak was named in honor of Mary Cronin, who in 1934 become the first woman to climb all 53 Colorado fourteeners.

San Isabel National Forest
San Isabel National Forest is located in central Colorado.  The forest contains 19 of the state's 53 fourteeners, peaks over 14,000 feet (4,267 m) high, including Mount Elbert, the highest point in Colorado.

It is one of eleven national forests in the state of Colorado and contains the Sawatch Range, the Collegiate Peaks, and Sangre de Cristo Range. It has a total area of 1,120,233 acres (1,750.364 sq mi; 4,533.42 km2) spread out over parts of eleven counties in central Colorado. In descending order of land area it is located in Chaffee, Custer, Lake, Huerfano, Fremont, Pueblo, Saguache, Las Animas, Park, Costilla, and Summit counties.

San Isabel National Forest is co-managed by the Forest Service together with Pike National Forest, Cimarron National Grassland, and Comanche National Grassland from offices in Pueblo. There are local ranger district offices located in Cañon City, Leadville, and Salida.