hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
West Grey Police
The West Grey Police (WGP; French: Police de West Grey) are the police service for the Municipality of West Grey in southwestern Ontario. West Grey is an amalgamated municipality, consisting of the former townships of Bentinck, Glenelg and Normanby, the former villages of Neustadt, Ayton, Elmwood and the former town of Durham. West Grey is geographically the largest municipality in Grey County, with a population of approximately 12,000.

The West Grey Police were formed in 2001, after the disbandment of the Town of Durham Police. All serving members immediately became members of the new service, along with several new members.  The townships of Bentinck, Glenelg and Normanby, and the villages of Neustadt, Ayton and Elmwood previously policed by the Ontario Provincial Police, now became the responsibility of the West Grey Police.  The police service is headquartered in the Town of Durham with a new headquarters to be completed in early 2026

Grey County
Grey County is a county in the province of Ontario. The county is located in the Southwestern Ontario region, and is a part of the Georgian Triangle. At the time of the 2021 Canadian census the population of the county was 100,905. Owen Sound is the county seat and the largest city in Grey County.
Platanos, Elis
Platanos (Greek: Πλάτανος meaning plane tree) is a village and a community in the municipality of Ancient Olympia, Elis, Greece. It is located north of the Alfeios valley, 2 km southeast of Pelopio, 3 km northwest of Olympia and 15 km east of Pyrgos. The Greek National Road 74 (Pyrgos - Tripoli) passes south of Platanos. The community includes the small village Agios Georgios.

Pyrgos, Elis
Pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος, romanized: Pýrgos, lit. 'tower') is a city in the northwestern Peloponnese, Greece, the capital of the regional unit of Elis and the seat of the Municipality of Pyrgos. The city is located in the middle of a plain, 4 kilometres (2 miles) from the Ionian Sea. The river Alfeios flows into sea about 7 km (4 mi) south of Pyrgos. The population of the town Pyrgos is 26,052, and of the municipality 45,365 (2021). Pyrgos is 16 km (10 mi) west of Olympia, 16 km (10 mi) southeast of Amaliada, 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Patras and 85 km (53 mi) west of Tripoli.
Carsten Peter Thiede
Carsten Peter Thiede OCF KStJ (8 August 1952 – 14 December 2004) was a German archaeologist and New Testament scholar. He was also a member of PEN and appointed a Knight of Justice of the Order of St John. He taught as professor of New Testament times and history at the Staatsunabhängige Theologische Hochschule (STH) in Basel and at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Beersheba, Israel. He often advanced theories that conflicted with the consensus of academic and theological scholarship.

Matthew d'Ancona
Matthew Robert Ralph d'Ancona (born 27 January 1968) is an English journalist and editor-at-large of The New European/The New World since 2023. A former deputy editor of The Sunday Telegraph, he was appointed editor of The Spectator in February 2006, a post he retained until August 2009.
Heuristic (computer science)
In mathematical optimization and computer science, heuristic (from Greek εὑρίσκω eurísko "I find, discover") is a technique designed for problem solving more quickly when classic methods are too slow for finding an exact or approximate solution, or when classic methods fail to find any exact solution in a search space.  This is achieved by trading optimality, completeness, accuracy, or precision for speed.  In a way, it can be considered a shortcut.

A heuristic function, also simply called a heuristic, is a function that ranks alternatives in search algorithms at each branching step based on available information to decide which branch to follow. For example, it may approximate the exact solution.

NP-hardness
In computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for  every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming a solution for H takes 1 unit time, H's solution can be used to solve L in polynomial time. As a consequence, finding a polynomial time algorithm to solve a single NP-hard problem would give polynomial time algorithms for all the problems in the complexity class NP. As it is suspected, but unproven, that P≠NP, it is unlikely that any polynomial-time algorithms for NP-hard problems exist.

A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem.

Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP. However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable, and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are provably not NP-hard (unless P=NP).
V. R. Lalithambika
Dr.V. R. Lalithambika (born 1962) is an Indian engineer and scientist who has been working with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). She is a specialist in Advanced Launcher Technologies and was leading the Gaganyaan mission to send Indian astronauts to space by 2022.

Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is a major space research centre of ISRO, focusing on rocket and space vehicles for India's satellite programme. It is located in Thiruvananthapuram, in the Indian state of Kerala.

The centre had its beginnings as the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station in 1962. It was renamed in honour of Vikram Sarabhai, often regarded as the father of the Indian space program.  H.G.S. Murthy was appointed as the first director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.

The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre is one of the main and largest research and development establishments within ISRO. VSSC is an entirely indigenous facility working on the development of sounding rockets, the Rohini and Menaka launchers, and SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV and LVM3 families of launch vehicles.
British Biophysical Society
The British Biophysical Society is a scientific society that exists to encourage and disseminate developments in the application of physical and chemical concepts to biological systems. It was founded in 1960 following a report from a Working Party on Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry initiated by the Council of the then Faraday Society of London. The current Chair is Olwyn Byron.

Herbert Gutfreund
Herbert Gutfreund FRS (21 October 1921 – 21 March 2021), better known as Freddie Gutfreund, was a British biochemist of Austrian origin, and Emeritus Professor at the University of Bristol. Gutfreund died in March 2021 at the age of 99.
The Woman for Joe
The Woman for Joe is a 1955 British drama film directed by George More O'Ferrall and starring Diane Cilento, George Baker, Jimmy Karoubi and David Kossoff. The screenplay concerns the owner of a circus sideshow and his prize attraction (a midget), who become romantically involved with the same woman. The film was made at Pinewood Studios. The sets were designed by the art director Maurice Carter. Filmink magazine called it "a rare movie to not only feature a short statured person in a lead role (if not the lead role), but to have him play a complex, contemporary, three-dimensional character... one of the most fascinating films from the Rank Organisation, and the studio had a lot of guts to make it."

Pinewood Studios
Pinewood Studios is a British film and television studio located in the village Iver Heath, England, 18 miles (29 km) west of central London.

Opened in 1936, the studio has been the base for many productions from major films to television programmes, commercials, and pop promos, including the James Bond and Carry On film franchises.
Łukasz Fabiański
Łukasz Marek Fabiański (born 18 April 1985) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Premier League club West Ham United.

Having begun his career at Legia Warsaw, Fabiański joined Arsenal for £2.1 million in 2007, and was mainly used as back-up, but played as the club won the 2014 FA Cup final. On the expiration of his contract in 2014, he joined Swansea City, and played 150 total matches in four years. He then signed for West Ham for £7 million.

A full international for Poland, Fabiański represented his country on 57 occasions. He was included in the squads for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2008, Euro 2016, the 2018 FIFA World Cup and Euro 2020. He was named the Polish Footballer of the Year in 2018. He retired from the national team in August 2021, earning 57 caps from 2006 to 2021.

2022–23 UEFA Europa Conference League
The 2022–23 UEFA Europa Conference League was the second season of the UEFA Europa Conference League, Europe's tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFA.

The final was played at Fortuna Arena in Prague, Czech Republic. It was won by West Ham United, who defeated Fiorentina 2–1, and qualified for the 2023–24 UEFA Europa League group stage as a result.

As the title holders, Roma qualified for the 2022–23 UEFA Europa League. They were unable to defend their title after advancing to the Europa League knockout phase.
Dick's Picks Volume 14
Dick's Picks Volume 14 is the 14th live album in the Dick's Picks series of releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on November 30 and December 2, 1973, at Boston Music Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. Volume 14 was the last of the Dick's Picks series to be released during the lifetime of the series's namesake tape archivist, Dick Latvala.

As on Dick's Picks Volume 1, Donna Godchaux does not appear on this set as she had taken a hiatus from touring with the band due to pregnancy.

Dick's Picks Volume 1
Dick's Picks Volume 1 is the first album in the Dick's Picks series of live releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on December 19, 1973, at Curtis Hixon Hall in Tampa, Florida, and contains a rare recording of the band playing the blues standard "Nobody's Fault but Mine".

As the first of the Dick's Picks, the album was considered by Deadheads to be a significant breakthrough.  All previous live Dead albums (except Vintage Dead and Historic Dead) had been based on multi-track recordings, which can be remixed extensively before being commercially released.  Dick's Picks were created using stereo (two-track) concert recordings.  This made possible the release of many more Dead shows that exist in the band's extensive tape vault.  The series was named for Grateful Dead tape archivist Dick Latvala.
Duanmu Ci
Duanmu Ci (traditional Chinese: 端木賜; simplified Chinese: 端木赐; pinyin: Duānmù Cì; Wade–Giles: Tuan¹-mu⁴ Tzʻŭ⁴; 520–456 BC), also known by his courtesy name Zigong (traditional Chinese: 子貢; simplified Chinese: 子贡; pinyin: Zǐgòng; Wade–Giles: Tzŭ³-kung⁴), was a Chinese businessman, philosopher, and politician. He was one of the most important and loyal disciples of Confucius. Among Confucius' students, he was the second best at speech, after only Zai Yu. He was a prominent diplomat of the Spring and Autumn period who served as a high official in several states, and was a very wealthy businessman.

Wey (state)
Wei (/weɪ/; Chinese: 衞; pinyin: Wèi), commonly spelled Wey to distinguish from the contemporary larger Wei (魏) state, was an ancient Chinese state that was founded in the early Western Zhou dynasty and rose to prominence during the Spring and Autumn period.  Its rulers were of the surname Ji (姬), the same as that of the rulers of Zhou. It was located in modern northeastern Henan Province, east of Jin (and later Wei 魏), and west of Cao.
Makuleke
The Makuleke Contractual Park or Pafuri Triangle constitutes the northernmost section of the Kruger National Park, South Africa, and comprises approximately 240 square kilometres of land. The "triangle" is a wedge of land created by the confluence of the Limpopo and Luvuvhu Rivers at the tripoint Crook's Corner, which forms a border with Zimbabwe along the Limpopo River. It is a natural choke point for wildlife crossing from North to South and back, and forms a distinct ecological region.

Pafuri (Tsonga) is derived from Mphaphuli, the dynastic name of Venda chieftains who ruled locally, while the Luvuvhu River is named after a Combretum tree (Venda: muvuvhu, Tsonga: rivubye) growing on its banks.

Tsonga language
Tsonga (/ˈ(t)sɒŋɡə/ ⓘ (T)SONG-gə) or Xitsonga (/ʃiˈtsɒŋ.ɡə/ shee-TSONG-gə) as an endonym (also known as Changana in Mozambique), is a Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people of South Africa and Mozambique. It is mutually intelligible with Tswa and Ronga and the name "Tsonga" is often used as a cover term for all three, also sometimes referred to as Tswa-Ronga. The Xitsonga language has been standardised as a written language.

Tsonga is an official language of the Republic of South Africa, and under the name Shangani it is recognised as an official language in the Constitution of Zimbabwe. All Tswa-Ronga languages are recognised in Mozambique. It is not official in Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland).
Erdős Lectures
Erdős Lectures in Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science is a distinguished lecture series at Hebrew University of Jerusalem named after mathematician Paul Erdős.  It is bringing an outstanding mathematician or computer scientist to Israel every year in the Spring.  The subject of the lectures is Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science.

The first lecture series took place in 1998.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Anemonastrum baicalense
Anemonastrum baicalense is a species of flowering plant in the genus Anemonastrum. It is native to forests, scrub, and grassy places at 500–3100 m. altitude in Siberia, Mongolia, northern China, and North Korea in Northeast Asia.

Anemonastrum
Anemonastrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae. Plants of the genus are native to the temperate and subarctic regions of North America, Greenland, Europe, Asia, South America, and New Zealand. The generic name Anemonastrum means "somewhat like anemone", a reference to the Anemone genus of closely related plants. It chiefly differs from Anemone in having a base chromosome number of x=7, as opposed to x=8.
Vakunayka
The Vakunayka (Russian: Вакунайка; Yakut: Вакунайка) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. It is a right hand tributary of the Chona, and is 363 kilometres (226 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 10,100 square kilometres (3,900 sq mi).

There are no permanent settlements by the Vakunayka. The Russian Geographical Society organized an expedition in 1853–55 to survey the orography, geology and population of the Vilyuy and Chona basins.

Vilyuy
The Vilyuy (Russian: Вилю́й, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲʉj]; Yakut: Бүлүү, Bülüü, [bylyː]) is a river in Russia, the longest tributary of the Lena. About 2,650 kilometres (1,650 mi) long, it flows mostly within the Sakha Republic. Its basin covers about 454,000 square kilometres (175,000 sq mi).
Simeon Peak
Simeon Peak (Bulgarian: връх Симеон, romanized: vrah Simeon, IPA: [ˈvrɤx simɛˈɔn]) rises to 1,580 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The peak is heavily glaciated, connected to St. Boris Peak to the northeast by Paril Saddle, and surmounts Huntress Glacier to the northwest, Ruen Icefall to the southwest, and Macy Glacier to the east. It was first ascended and GPS-surveyed by the Bulgarian climbers D. Boyanov, N. Petkov and N. Hazarbasanov from Nesebar Gap via the head of Huntress Glacier, Academia Peak, St. Boris Peak and Paril Saddle on 15 January 2017.

The peak is named after Czar Simeon the Great of Bulgaria, 893-927 AD.

Nesebar Gap
Nesebar Gap (Sedlovina Nesebar \se-dlo-vi-'na ne-'se-b&r\) is a 1.3 km wide gap in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica bounded to the west by Pliska Ridge and to the east by the northern slope of Mount Friesland, Tangra Mountains.  It is part of the divide between the glacial catchments of Perunika Glacier to the north and Huntress Glacier to the south.  The gap is part of an overland route between Orpheus Gate to the west, and Camp Academia locality and Lozen Saddle to the east.

The Nesebar Gap was first mapped in detail by the Spanish Servicio Geográfico del Ejército in 1991.  Nesebar is the name of a town on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast.
2026 Chile Open
The 2026 Chile Open (known as the BCI Seguros Chile Open for sponsorship reasons) is a men's tennis tournament to be played on outdoor clay courts. It will be the 27th edition of the Chile Open, and part of the ATP 250 tournaments of the 2026 ATP Tour. It will take place in Santiago, Chile from 23 February through 1 March 2026.

2026 ATP Tour
The 2026 ATP Tour is the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2026 tennis season. The 2026 ATP Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP 500, the ATP 250, and the United Cup (organized with the WTA). Also included in the 2026 calendar are the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Hopman Cup and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.
Irby Brown
Irby Brown (March 25, 1928 – May 28, 2016) was an American painter known for his paintings of the Southwest, particularly his snow scenes. Born in Paris, Texas, he studied under Olin H.Travis at the Dallas Art Institute for three and a half years.  Brown sold his first landscape painting under commission at the age of 13 years old.  He is represented by the Ventana Gallery in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Olin H. Travis
Olin Herman Travis (1888–1975) was an American painter and arts educator active for much of the 20th century. He spent most of his life working in Texas, though he and his first wife Kathryne Hail Travis routinely traveled to Arkansas. In addition to his paintings, Travis is largely known for several public murals in Dallas and for working with Kathryne to co-found the Dallas Art Institute (DAI) – the first major art institution in the south to offer artistic instruction in a variety of fields.
Middle Ground (The Wire)
"Middle Ground" is the 11th episode of the third season of the HBO original series The Wire. The episode was written by George Pelecanos from a story by David Simon & George Pelecanos and was directed by Joe Chappelle. It originally aired on December 12, 2004. The episode was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series.

Maurice Levy (The Wire)
Maurice J. "Maury" Levy is a fictional character in the HBO drama The Wire, played by Michael Kostroff. He is a skilled defense attorney and was kept on retainer by the Barksdale Organization, later by Proposition Joe and ultimately by the Stanfield Organization. He represented members of his clients' organizations at various criminal trials, advising them on defense strategy on charges such as drug trafficking, murder, and criminal possession of a weapon, as well as parole negotiation. He also acted and advised for Barksdale Organization's front organizations and Stringer Bell's real estate business. Levy is corrupt and unscrupulous, willing to aid his clients in furtherance of their criminal activity.
Ivan planina
Ivan planina (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван планина; lit. Ivan Mountain) is a mountain near Hadžići, Konjic and Kreševo, in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ivan Mountain is part of the Dinaric Alps. It is 1,534 metres (5,033 ft) tall. It is a major pass between Bosna and Herzegovina, which is known under the name Ivan Sedlo.

Konjic
Konjic is a city located in the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of two entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in northern Herzegovina, around 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Sarajevo, in a mountainous, heavily wooded area, and is 268 m (879 ft) above sea level. The municipality extends on both sides of the Neretva River. According to the 2013 census, the city of Konjic has a population of 10,732 inhabitants, whereas the municipality has 25,148.

The city is one of the oldest permanent settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, dating back almost 4,000 years; it arose in its current incarnation in the late 14th century.
Taipei Film Awards
The Taipei Film Awards (Chinese: 台北電影獎; pinyin: Táiběi Diànyǐng Jiǎng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak Tiān-iáⁿ-chióng) are given by the Taipei Film Festival to honor achievements in Taiwanese cinema. Winners are selected from Taiwanese films which are presented in the competition section at the festival.

Taipei Film Festival
The Taipei Film Festival (TFF; Chinese: 台北電影節; pinyin: Táiběi Diànyǐng Jié) is a film festival promoted by the city of Taipei, Taiwan, through the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Taipei City Government. It was first held in 1998, from September 28 to October 5.
Currently chaired by cinematographer Mark Lee Ping Bin, Taipei Film Festival is the only festival in Taiwan that offers a New Talent Competition for aspiring directors from around the world and a Taipei Awards competition for Taiwanese filmmakers.

The Festival screens around 200 films from more than 30 countries worldwide. With approximately 100,000 attendants each year, Taipei Film Festival has become one of the most influential film festivals in the Chinese-speaking world.
Pine Bluff Arsenal
The Pine Bluff Arsenal is a United States Army installation in Jefferson County, Arkansas, about eight miles (13 km) northwest of Pine Bluff and thirty miles (48 km) southeast of Little Rock. It is one of nine Army installations in the United States that stored chemical weapons. The arsenal supplies specialized production, storage, maintenance and distribution of readiness products, and delivers technical services to the Armed Forces and Homeland Security. It also designs, manufactures and refurbishes smoke, riot control, and incendiary munitions, as well as chemical/biological defense operations items. It serves as a technology center for illuminating and infrared munitions and is also the only place in the Northern Hemisphere where white phosphorus munitions are filled. Its Homeland Security mission includes first-responder equipment training and surveillance of pre-positioned equipment.

Jefferson County, Arkansas
Jefferson County, officially the County of Jefferson, is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas in the area known as the Arkansas Delta that extends west of the Mississippi River. Jefferson County consists of five cities, two towns, and 20 townships. It is bisected by the Arkansas River, which was critical to its development and long the chief transportation byway. In 2020, Jefferson County's population was estimated at 67,260. The county seat and most populous city is Pine Bluff. The county is included in the Pine Bluff micropolitan statistical area.

Jefferson County was formed from Vaugine Township, Pulaski County and Richland Township, Arkansas County in the Arkansas Territory on November 2, 1829. It is named for Thomas Jefferson, third U.S. president. It was the site of the Battle of Pine Bluff on October 25, 1863.