hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Korean jade carving
The tradition of Korean jade carving dates back to Neolithic finds along the Namgang river basin in Gyeongju. Jade rings and accessories made from both nephrite and jadeite were worn by the higher classes of society, especially women, from the three kingdoms period and reached their peak in the Joseon dynasty, the golden age of jadework. Carved jade artifacts found in Silla dynasty tombs appear to be made from jade originating from Japan and Taiwan, suggested sea trade of jade existed prior to the 5th century AD. Korean jadework often includes Buddhist motifs, cicadas, and small peanut-shaped or comma-shaped good luck talismans (called magatama or gogok), as well as larger-scale architectural pieces. A gold crown featuring 58 hanging jade pendants and a gold girdle with 13 jade pendants were both found in the Silla-era tomb of an unknown king, called Cheonmachong (or 'sky horse tomb'), first excavated in 1973.

Crowns of Silla
The gold crowns of Silla (Korean: 신라 금관) are a collection of royal crowns from the early Silla period, believed to have been made between the 4th and 6th centuries.

These crowns were excavated in Gyeongju, the former capital of Silla, and are designated National treasures of South Korea.
Whalebone Junction, North Carolina
Whalebone Junction is an area within Nags Head, North Carolina where three major highways converge.  The junction marks the eastern terminus of both U.S. 64 and U.S. Route 158, while NC 12 traverses the junction from north to south.  The junction is a major landmark on the Outer Banks, as U.S. 64 and U.S. 158 provide the only highway links to the mainland, while NC 12 is the main road linking all of the Outer Banks.  North of Whalebone Junction lies the main commercial district of Nags Head as well as the communities of Kill Devil Hills and Kitty Hawk.  South of Whalebone Junction begins the Cape Hatteras National Seashore and the Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge.  Whalebone Junction Information Station, immediately south of the junction itself, serves as the visitor center to the Cape Hatteras National Seashore and provides information on the National Park and local attractions.

Cape Hatteras National Seashore
Cape Hatteras National Seashore is a United States national seashore which preserves the portion of the Outer Banks of North Carolina from Bodie Island to Ocracoke Island, stretching over 70 miles (110 km), and is managed by the National Park Service. Included within this section of barrier islands along N.C. 12, but outside the national seashore boundaries, are Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge and several communities, such as Rodanthe, Buxton, and Ocracoke. Cape Hatteras is a combination of natural and cultural resources and provides a wide variety of recreational opportunities.

Once dubbed the "Graveyard of the Atlantic" for its treacherous currents, shoals, and storms, Cape Hatteras has a wealth of history relating to shipwrecks, lighthouses, and the US Lifesaving Service. The islands also provide a variety of habitats and are a valuable wintering area for migrating waterfowl. The park's fishing and surfing are considered the best on the East Coast.
Saliency map
In computer vision, a saliency map is an image that highlights either the region on which people's eyes focus first or the most relevant regions for machine learning models. The goal of a saliency map is to reflect the degree of importance of a pixel to the human visual system or an otherwise opaque ML model.

For example, in this image, a person first looks at the fort and light clouds, so they should be highlighted on the saliency map.

Eye tracking
Eye tracking is the process of measuring either the point of gaze (where one is looking) or the motion of an eye relative to the head.  An eye tracker is a device for measuring eye positions and eye movement.  Eye trackers are used in research on the visual system, in psychology, in psycholinguistics, marketing, as an input device for human-computer interaction, and in product design. In addition, eye trackers are increasingly being used for assistive and rehabilitative applications such as controlling wheelchairs, robotic arms, and prostheses. Recently, eye tracking has been examined as a tool for the early detection of autism spectrum disorder. There are several methods for measuring eye movement, with the most popular variant using video images to extract eye position.  Other methods use search coils or are based on the electrooculogram.
2015 Sport 1 Open
The 2015 Sport 1 Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Scheveningen, Netherlands between 20 and 26 July 2015.

2015 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2015 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2015 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 38th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 7th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Iranian National Museum of Medical Sciences History
The Iranian National Museum of Medical Sciences History is the first medical museum established in Iran by a joint project between the Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization, the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, and Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Medical museum
A medical museum is an institution that stores and exhibits objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest that have a link to medicine or health. Displays often include models, instruments, books and manuscripts, as well as medical images and the technologies used to capture them (such as X-ray machines). Some museums reflect specialized medical areas, such as dentistry, nursing, this history of specific hospitals, and historic pharmacies.

Professional organisations of medical museums include the Medical Museums Association, who publish The Watermark (the quarterly publication of the Archivists and Librarians in the History of the Health Sciences), and The London Museums of Health & Medicine.
Bambang Dwi Hartono
Bambang Dwi Hartono (born 24 July 1961) is an Indonesian politician who is currently serving as a member of the People's Representative Council since 2019, representing the East Java I electoral district. A member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), he previously served as a representative in the East Java Regional People's Representative Council from 2014 until 2019, the Mayor of Surabaya between 2002 and 2010, and the Vice Mayor of Surabaya from 2000 until 2002 and again from 2010 until 2013.

Mayor of Surabaya
The mayor of Surabaya is an elected politician who is responsible for governing the city of Surabaya in Java. The first mayor of Surabaya was Mr A. Meijroos, who governed the city during the Dutch colonisation period from 1916 to 1920.
Robert Ranulph Marett
Robert Ranulph Marett (13 June 1866 – 18 February 1943) was a British ethnologist and a proponent of the British Evolutionary School of cultural anthropology. Founded by Marett's older colleague, Edward Burnett Tylor, it asserted that modern primitive societies provide evidence for phases in the evolution of culture, which it attempted to recapture via comparative and historical methods. Marett focused primarily on the anthropology of religion. Studying the evolutionary origin of religions, he modified Tylor's animistic theory to include the concept of mana. Marett's anthropological teaching and writing career at Oxford University spanned the early 20th century before World War Two. He trained many notable anthropologists. He was a colleague of John Myres, and through him, studied Aegean archaeology.

Exeter College, Oxford
Exeter College (in full: The rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England, and the fourth-oldest college of the university.

The college was founded in 1314 by two brothers from Devon, Bishop Walter Stapledon and Sir Richard Stapledon, as an institution to educate clergy, and has been located on Turl Street since 1315. At its foundation Exeter was popular with sons of the Devon gentry, though it has since become associated with a much broader range of notable alumni, including Raymond Raikes, William Morris, J. R. R. Tolkien, Richard Burton, Roger Bannister, Alan Bennett, and Philip Pullman.
Trinity Chronicle
The Trinity Chronicle (Russian: Троицкая летопись, romanized: Troitskaya letopis', abbreviated TL, Tro, or T) is a Rus' chronicle written in Church Slavonic, probably at the Trinity Lavra near Moscow by Epiphanius the Wise (died 1420).

Serhii Plokhy
Serhii Mykolayovych Plokhy (Ukrainian: Сергій Миколайович Плохій; born 23 May 1957) is a historian and author. He is the Mykhailo Hrushevsky professor of Ukrainian history at Harvard University, where between 2013 and 2025 he also served as the director of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.
Sifton Pass
Sifton Pass, 1,012 metres (3,320 feet), is a mountain pass in the Rocky Mountain Trench in the Northern Interior of British Columbia, Canada, forming the divide between the Fox and Kechika Rivers, and therefore between the drainage basins of the Finlay (the north fork of the Peace) and Liard Rivers.  It also forms a division point between the Muskwa Ranges of the Northern Rockies to its east, and the Cassiar Mountains to its west.

It forms the prominence col for Thudaka Peak, many miles distant and the main height of land in the Interior Mountains between the Trench and the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains.  The resulting prominence for Thudaka is 1763 m, with the line parent for that peak being Mount Lloyd George, one of the highest in the Muskwa Ranges.

It was named for Clifford Sifton,: 243

Cassiar Mountains
The Cassiar Mountains (French: Chaîne des Cassiars) are the most northerly group of the Northern Interior Mountains in the Canadian province of British Columbia and also extend slightly into the southernmost Yukon Territory.  They lie north and west of the Omineca Mountains, west of the northernmost Rockies and the Rocky Mountain Trench, north of the Hazelton Mountains and east of the Boundary Ranges. They form a section of the Continental Divide, that, in this region, separates water drainage between the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. Physiographically, they are a section of the larger Yukon-Tanana Uplands province, which in turn are part of the larger Intermontane Plateaus physiographic division.

In the western Cassiar Mountains lie the remnants of a prehistoric shield volcano called the Maitland Volcano which formed between 5 and 4 million years ago during the Pliocene period.

The highest mountain in the Cassiar Mountains is Thudaka Peak, at 2,748 m (9,016 ft).
Alisher Rahimov
Alisher Rahimov (Russian: Алишер Рахимов; born October 23, 1977) is an amateur boxer from Uzbekistan. He won the gold medal at the 1999 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in his home nation and competed for the bantamweight division at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He defeated South Korea's Cho Seok-Hwan and Algeria's Hicham Blida in the first two rounds, until he lost to Russia's Raimkul Malakhbekov in the quarterfinal match.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Roh Jae-hyun
Roh Jae-hyun (Korean: 노재현; Hanja: 盧載鉉; 8 August 1926 – 25 September 2019) was a retired general of the Republic of Korea Army and politician who served as the 20th Minister of National Defense. He resigned ungracefully after the Coup d'état of December Twelfth.

Minister of National Defense (South Korea)
The Minister of National Defense (Korean: 국방부 장관) is the leader and chief executive of the Ministry of National Defense. The minister is responsible for implementing South Korea's National Defense policy.

The current acting Minister of National Defense is Kim Seon-ho since 5 December 2024, after the previous minister, Kim Yong-hyun, suggested to president Yoon Suk Yeol on 3 December that he impose martial law, which failed and resulted in the resignation of the minister. The president has since nominated Choi Byung-hyuk to be the next minister of defense.
David Metcalfe
David Metcalfe is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Matthew Wolfenden. It was reported in August 2023 that he was set to leave the soap after 17 years, due to a lack of "gritty" storylines. David's final scenes were broadcast on 30 November 2023.

Inside Soap
Inside Soap is a weekly soap opera and television listings magazine published in the United Kingdom. The magazine is currently released every Tuesday. It covers storylines featured in British and Australian soap operas that are broadcast in the United Kingdom, including Coronation Street, Doctors, EastEnders, Emmerdale, Hollyoaks, Home and Away and Neighbours as well as drama Casualty. Since 1996, the magazine has hosted the Inside Soap Awards ceremony each year.
Mindat, Chin State
Mindat is located at south of the Chin State. Mindat (Burmese: မင်းတပ်မြို့, MLCTS: mang: tap mrui., pronounced [mɪ́ɰ̃daʔ mjo̰]) is a town in the Chin State of Western Myanmar.It is the administration seat of Mindat Township and Mindat District. The people speak the Kʼchò language.

Pakokku
Pakokku (Burmese: ပခုက္ကူမြို့, [pəkʰoʊʔkù]) is the largest city in the Magway Region of Myanmar. It is situated about 30 km northeast of Bagan on the Irrawaddy River. It is the administration seat of Pakokku Township, Pakokku District and Gangaw District. Pakokku Bridge is part of the India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway and is the longest bridge in Myanmar. It is home of the Pakokku Airport.

The city is the location of Computer University, Pakokku, Pakokku Education College, Technological University, Pakokku, and Pakokku University. Thiho Shin Pagoda (The Lord of Sri Lanka Pagoda), Shwe Ku Pagoda, Shwe Mothtaw Pagoda, Shwe Tant Tit, and Phaung Taw Oo Pagoda are famous pagodas in Pakokku. Pakokku is also the largest rice market city of Upper Myanmar.
Kokkini, Corfu
Kokkini (Greek: Κοκκίνι) is a village in the central part of the island of Corfu, Greece. It was the municipal seat of Parelioi. Kokkini is located 5 km (3 mi) southwest of Giannades and 9 km (6 mi) west of the city of Corfu. The village is situated on a low hill, between forests and farmlands.

Corfu (city)
Corfu (/kɔːrˈf(j)uː/, also US: /ˈkɔːrf(j)uː/) or Kerkyra (Greek: Κέρκυρα, romanized: Kérkyra, pronounced [ˈcercira] ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Κόρκυρα, romanized: Kórkyra, pronounced [kórkyra]; Medieval Greek: Κορυφώ, romanized: Koryfó; Italian: Corfù; Latin: Corcyra) is a city and a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands. It is the capital of the municipality and of the Corfu regional unit. The city also serves as a capital for the region of the Ionian Islands. The city (with a population of 23,541 residents, while the whole island has a population of 101,600 residents) is a major tourist attraction and Greek regional centre and has played an important role in Greek history since antiquity.
Metamucil
Metamucil is a fiber supplement. Introduced in 1934 by G. D. Searle & Company (now G.D. Searle, LLC), Metamucil was acquired by Procter & Gamble in 1985. It is named after the class of fiber that it utilizes (mucilage). In its early years, Metamucil achieved sporadic drug-store distribution as a "behind the counter" brand. Since 1974, the brand was also marketed to consumers by print and TV advertising and became available in food outlets. Flavored versions were added in 1979.

Fibre supplements
Fibre supplements (also spelled fiber supplements) are considered to be a form of a subgroup of functional dietary fibre, and in the United States are defined by the Institute of Medicine (IOM).  According to the IOM, functional fibre "consists of isolated, non-digestible carbohydrates that have beneficial physiological effects in humans".

Fibre supplements are widely available, and can be found in forms such as powders, tablets, and capsules. Consumption of fibre supplements may be for improving dietary intake, lowering blood cholesterol, alleviating irritable bowel syndrome, reducing the risk of colon cancer, and increasing feelings of satiety.

Excessive fibre intake can lead to fluid imbalance, dehydration, mineral deficiencies, nutrient and drug interactions, and other medical problems.
2005 Acura Classic
The 2005 Acura Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the La Costa Resort and Spa in San Diego, California, United States. It was part of Tier I of the 2005 WTA Tour. It was the 27th edition of the tournament and was held from August 26 through August 7, 2005. Sixth-seeded Mary Pierce won the singles title.

2005 WTA Tour
The 2005 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2005 tennis season. The 2005 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Yagodinska Cave
Yagodinska Cave (Bulgarian: Ягодинска пещера) is a cave in the Rhodope Mountains, southern Bulgaria. It is included in the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria and is named after the homonymous village nearby. With a total length of 10,500 m, Yagodinska is the fourth longest cave in the country after Kolkina Dupka, Duhlata and Orlova Chuka and the longest in the Rhodopes. Yagodinska Cave is home to 11 species of bats.

Orlova Chuka
Orlova Chuka (Bulgarian: Орлова чука) is a cave situated in the Danubian Plain, north-eastern Bulgaria. With a total length of 13,437 m, Orlova Chuka is the second longest cave in the country after Duhlata. The cave was discovered in 1941 and opened for tourists in 1957. Orlova Chuka is home to 14 species of bats.
Blandford–Znajek process
The Blandford–Znajek process is a mechanism for the extraction of energy from a rotating black hole, introduced by Roger Blandford and Roman Znajek in 1977. This mechanism is the most preferred description of how astrophysical jets are formed around spinning supermassive black holes. This is one of the mechanisms that power quasars, or rapidly accreting supermassive black holes. Generally speaking, it was demonstrated that the power output of the accretion disk is significantly larger than the power output extracted directly from the hole, through its ergosphere. Hence, the presence (or not) of a poloidal magnetic field around the black hole is not determinant in its overall power output. It was also suggested that the mechanism plays a crucial role as a central engine for a gamma-ray burst.

Rotating black hole
A rotating black hole is a black hole that possesses angular momentum. In particular, it rotates about one of its axes of symmetry.

All currently known celestial objects, including planets, stars (Sun), galaxies, and black holes, spin about one of their axes.
2014 Leitrim County Council election
An election to all 18 seats on Leitrim County Council took place on 23 May 2014, as part of the 2014 Irish local elections, a reduction from 22 seats at the 2009 election. County Leitrim was divided into three local electoral areas (LEAs) to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Fine Gael lost 6 seats, and their previously held overall majority while Fianna Fáil also lost 2 seats. Independents and Sinn Féin both increased their numbers by 2 despite the Council being reduced by 4 seats as a whole.

2014 Irish local elections
The 2014 Irish local elections were held in all local government areas of Ireland on Friday, 23 May 2014, on the same day as the European Parliament election and two by-elections (Dublin West and Longford–Westmeath). The poll in the Ballybay–Clones LEA on Monaghan County Council was deferred due to the death of a candidate.
Tyrone Township, Livingston County, Michigan
Tyrone Township is a civil township of Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 11,986 at the 2020 census, up from 10,020 at the 2010 census.

The township was named after County Tyrone in Northern Ireland.

Genesee County, Michigan
Genesee County (/ˈdʒɛnəsi/ JEN-ə-see) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 406,211, and was estimated to be 402,279 in 2024, making it the fifth-most populous county in Michigan, and the most populous in Mid-Michigan. The county seat and largest city is Flint (birthplace of General Motors). Genesee County consists of 33 cities, townships, and villages. It is considered to be a part of Mid-Michigan.

The county was named after Genesee County, New York, which in turn comes from the Seneca word Gen-nis'-hee-yo, meaning "Beautiful Valley". Genesee County comprises the Flint, MI Metropolitan statistical area. A major attraction for visitors is Crossroads Village, a living history village north of Flint.

Genesee County is noted for having had the fossil of an ancient whale known as Balaenoptera Lacepede unearthed in Thetford Township during quarry work and estimated at 11,000 years old.
Madhya Pradesh (1956–2000)
Madhya Pradesh retrospectively referred to as United Madhya Pradesh or Undivided Madhya Pradesh, was a state in central India from 1956 until its bifurcation in 2000, when the new state of Chhattisgarh was created from its southeastern regions. It was the largest Indian state by area and played a significant role in the administrative and political landscape of independent India during its existence.

Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000
Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000, is an Act of the Parliament of India which enabled the creation of Chhattisgarh state out of Madhya Pradesh. The law was introduced by the NDA government headed by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee to fulfil its election promise.
William Matthew Harries
William Matthew Harries MLC MLA (17 July 1797 – 10 April 1865) was an influential member of both houses of the Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope.

A British settler, Harries was early on involved in politics in the Cape, and he was appointed an unofficial Member of the Legislative Council (at the time a relatively powerless institution) from 1848 until 1849.

He was elected to the Cape Parliament in 1858, to represent Port Elizabeth. In the 1860s, he led the "Eastern Cape Separatist League" in parliament, which fought for a separate settler colony in the Eastern Cape.

In 1863, he successfully fought one of the early moves by parliamentary leader John Molteno and his allies Saul Solomon and Frank Watermeyer, to institute "responsible government" (i.e. locally elected democratic government). In the same year, Harries fought to have the country's capital and seat of government moved away from Cape Town, to a new location in the centre of the country.

Saul Solomon
Saul Solomon (25 May 1817 – 16 October 1892) was an influential liberal politician of the Cape Colony, a British colony in what is now South Africa. Solomon was an important member of the movement for responsible government and an opponent of Lord Carnarvon's Confederation scheme.