hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barreira do Inferno Launch Center
The Barreira do Inferno Launch Center (Portuguese: Centro de Lançamento da Barreira do Inferno; CLBI, transl. 'Hell's Barrier') is a rocket launch base of the Brazilian Space Agency. It was created in 1965, and is located near Ponta Negra beach, near Natal, the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It has been used for 233 launches from 1965 to 2007, reaching up to 1100 kilometers in altitude.

It provides tracking support for launches from the Alcântara Launch Center and Guiana Space Centre.

Nike (rocket stage)
The Nike stage or Nike booster, a solid fuel rocket motor, was developed by Hercules Aerospace for use as the first stage of the Nike Ajax (M5 motor) and Nike Hercules (M5E1 and M88 motor) missiles as part of Project Nike.

It was subsequently employed in a variety of missiles and multi-stage sounding rockets, becoming one of the most popular and reliable rocket stages, not only in the United States, but also in several other countries around the world.
Marion Gay Wofford
Marion Gay Wofford (née Dickinsheets, July 9, 1922 – October 30, 2013) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. She was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1979 to 1988. She was a businesswoman. Wofford received her education at the University of Minnesota, University of South Dakota, University of Utah, Western Reserve University and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. She lived in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. She died in Sioux Falls, South Dakota on October 30, 2013, at the age of 91.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Female gaze
The female gaze is a feminist theory term referring to the gaze of the female spectator, character or director of an artistic work, but more than the gender it is an issue of representing women as subjects having agency. As such, people of any gender can create films with a female gaze. It is a response to feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey's term "the male gaze", which represents not only the gaze of a heterosexual male viewer but also the gaze of the male character and the male creator of the film. In that sense it is close, though different, from the Matrixial gaze coined in 1985 by Bracha L. Ettinger. In contemporary usage, the female gaze has been used to refer to the perspective a female filmmaker (screenwriter/director/producer) brings to a film that might be different from a male view of the subject.

Chick flick
Chick flick is a slang term for the film genre catered specifically to women's interests, and is marketed toward women demographics. They generally tend to appeal more to a younger female audience and deal mainly with love and romance. Although many types of films may be directed toward a female audience, the term "chick flick" is typically used only in reference to films that contain personal drama and emotion or themes that are relationship-based (although not necessarily romantic, as films may focus on parent-child or friend relationships). Chick flicks often are released en masse around Valentine's Day.
LGBTQ rights in Maryland
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Maryland enjoy the same rights as non-LGBTQ people. Maryland's anti-sodomy laws were ruled unconstitutional in 1999 and were officially repealed by the state legislature in 2023. Maryland has had statewide protections against discrimination based on an individual's sexual orientation since 2001 and gender identity since 2014. Legislation to legalize same-sex marriage in Maryland was approved by voters on November 6, 2012, and went into effect on January 1, 2013.

Today, the state of Maryland is regarded as one of the most LGBTQ-friendly states in the country, with a 2022 Public Religion Research Institute showing that 87% of Marylanders support LGBTQ anti-discrimination laws. Additionally, a ban on conversion therapy on minors became effective on October 1, 2018. In October 2020, Montgomery County passed unanimously an ordinance that implemented an LGBTIQ+ bill of rights.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
Drypetes deplanchei subsp. affinis
Drypetes deplanchei subsp. affinis, commonly known as greybark or grey bark, is a flowering plant in the Putranjivaceae family. The subspecific epithet affinis ("similar to") alludes to its similarity to Drypetes sepiaria of India and Sri Lanka.

Drypetes sepiaria
Drypetes sepiaria is a species of small tree in the family Putranjivaceae. This tree is very common in India and Sri Lanka. It is known by many local names, including vellakasavu, veeramaram in Malayalam, vellilambu, veerai (வீரை), aadumilukkan, kaayalakkamaram in Tamil, and weera (වීර) in Sinhala.
ICL VME
VME (Virtual Machine Environment) is a mainframe operating system developed by the UK company International Computers Limited (ICL, now part of the Fujitsu group). Originally developed in the 1970s (as VME/B, later VME 2900) to drive ICL's then new 2900 Series mainframes, the operating system is now known as OpenVME incorporating a Unix subsystem, and runs on ICL Series 39 and Trimetra mainframe computers, as well as industry-standard x64 servers.

UNIX System V
UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. System V Release 4 (SVR4) was commercially the most successful version, being the result of an effort, marketed as Unix System Unification, which solicited the collaboration of the major Unix vendors. It was the source of several common commercial Unix features. System V is sometimes abbreviated to SysV.

As of 2026, the AT&T-derived Unix market is divided between three System V variants: IBM's AIX, Oracle's Solaris, and the free-software illumos forked from OpenSolaris.
Najibabad Fort
Najibabad Fort, also known as Sultana Daku Qila and Pathargarh Fort, is an 18th-century fort in Najibabad, Bijnor district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built in 1755 by the Mughal minister Najib ad-Dawlah.

No longer in active military use, the former fort is a Monument of National Importance, administered by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Bijnor district
Bijnor district (Hindi pronunciation: [bɪd͡ʒ.n̪ɔːɾ]) is one of the 75 districts in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Bijnor city is the district headquarters. The government of Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor Uttar Pradesh seeks its inclusion in National Capital Region (NCR) due to its close proximity to NCT of Delhi.

Bijnor is notable for its sugarcane production and sugar mills, with two of the top five sugar mills of India situated in the district.
Alessio Romagnoli
Alessio Romagnoli (born 12 January 1995) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie A club Lazio and the Italy national team.

Romagnoli began his career with Roma in 2012, and later spent a season on loan with Sampdoria in 2014, before moving to AC Milan in 2015. At the start of the 2018–19 Serie A season, he was named the team's captain following Leonardo Bonucci's return to Juventus, before joining Lazio in 2022.

2015–16 Coppa Italia
The 2015–16 Coppa Italia, also known as TIM Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 69th edition of the national domestic tournament. It began on 2 August 2015 and ended with the final match on 21 May 2016. Juventus successfully defended their title after beating Milan 1–0 by Morata's goal after extra time. This win secured them a record-extending eleventh cup title.
1820 United States census
The 1820 United States census was the fourth census conducted in the United States. It was conducted on August 7, 1820.  The 1820 census included six new states: Louisiana, Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama and Maine.  There has been a district wide loss of 1820 census records for Arkansas Territory, Missouri Territory, and New Jersey.

The total population was determined to be 9,638,453, of which 1,538,022 were slaves.  The center of population was about 120 miles (193 km) west-northwest of Washington in Hardy County, Virginia (now in West Virginia).

This was the first census in which any states recorded a population of over one million—New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania—as well as the first in which a city recorded a population of over 100,000—New York. Also, in this census and the 14 subsequent ones, New York was the most populous state until being superseded by California in the 1970 census.

1970 United States census
The 1970 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 203,392,031, an increase of 13.4 percent over the 179,323,175 persons enumerated during the 1960 census.

This was the first census since 1820 in which New York was not the most populous state—California overtook it in population in January 1963. This was also the first census in which all states recorded a population of over 300,000, and the first in which a city in the geographic South—Houston—recorded a population of over 1 million.

Accurate racial census data was required by both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the 1970 Census changed to identify race on the basis of self-identification rather than by government census enumerators. Virtually all of the key items from the 1960 census were retained.
Geneva Academy
Geneva Academy is a private classical Christian school located in Lincoln, Delaware.  The school was founded in 2008 by a group of homeschool parents, taking inspiration from Dorothy Sayers essay "The Lost Tools of Learning," as well as Douglas Wilson's books, Recovering the Lost Tools of Learning and The Case for Classical Christian Education. Geneva Academy follows a traditional education pattern called the Trivium.  This pattern consists of three successive stages: grammar, logic (dialectic),  and rhetoric.  Geneva Academy was a member of Association of Classical and Christian Schools but, as of September 2020, is no longer a member.

Association of Classical Christian Schools
The Association of Classical Christian Schools (ACCS) is a membership, accreditation, and advocacy organization that was founded in 1993 by Doug Wilson to promote Classical Christian education. The association's website lists 475 member schools (as of 2023). As of 2016, it had accredited about 200 schools.

It also affiliates with colleges. Its Certified College program includes New Saint Andrews College (Moscow, ID),  New College Franklin (Franklin, TN), and Bethlehem College & Seminary (Minneapolis, MN).

The ACCS conducts Repairing the Ruins, an annual conference in June that draws between 1000 and 1300 classical educators annually.  The ACCS's magazine, "The Classical Difference", is published three times a year and distributed to parents at associated schools.
Artscape (festival)
Artscape is an annual art festival held in the Mount Royal neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland in July. Since its first annual event in 1982, it has become the largest free arts festival in America. It has boasted acts such as Ray Charles and Aretha Franklin in the past, attracting over 350,000 people from the city, and surrounding areas. Film programming during Artscape is provided by Maryland Film Festival. There are artists in a variety of visual and performing media. Events are free and open to the public.

Morgan State University
Morgan State University (Morgan State or MSU) is a public historically black research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is the third largest among all Historically Black Colleges or Universities (HBCUs). In 1890, the university, then known as the Centenary Biblical Institute, changed its name to honor Lyttleton Morgan, the first chairman of its board of trustees and a donor. It became a university in 1975.

Although a public institution, Morgan State is not a part of the University System of Maryland. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Coach Center station
Coach Center (Chinese: 客运中心) is a metro station in Hangzhou, China, and is an interchange between Line 1 and Line 9 of the Hangzhou Metro. It is located in the Jianggan District of Hangzhou. It is connected to Hangzhou Coach Center. The metro station opened in November 2012, together with the rest of the stations on Line 1. Line 9 was opened on 10 July 2021 and uses Platform 3 and Platform 4 which was previously used by Line 1 trains to Linping, allowing for same direction cross-platform interchange between the two lines.

Line 9 (Hangzhou Metro)
Line 9 of the Hangzhou Metro (simplified Chinese: 杭州地铁九号线; traditional Chinese: 杭州地鐵九號線; pinyin: Hángzhōu Dìtiě Jiǔhào Xiàn) is a metro line in Hangzhou. The line is 29.45 km (18.30 mi) long and runs in a north–south direction between Guanyintang and Long'an. The line is colored brown on system maps.
Kapo (mythology)
In Hawaiian mythology, Kapo is a goddess of fertility, sorcery and dark powers. Kapo is also known as Kapo-ʻula-kīnaʻu, where "the epithet ula-kinaʻu is used in allusion to the fact that her attire, red in color, is picked out with black spots. The name Kapo alone is the only by which she is usually known." "Kapo is said to have been born of Papa (or Haumea) while she was living up Kalihi valley on Oahu with Wakea, her husband. Some say that she was born from the eyes of Papa. She is of high rank and able to assume many shapes at will." She is the mother of Laka, although some versions have them as the same goddess. She is the sister of Kāne Milohaʻi, Kāmohoaliʻi, Pele, Nāmaka and Hiʻiaka.

Kapo also had a detachable vagina, which she once used as a decoy to aid her sister Pele to flee the overzealous Kamapuaʻa.

Hiʻiaka
In Hawaiian religion, Hiʻiaka is a daughter of Haumea and Kāne.

Hiʻiakaikapoliopele is the Hawaiian patron goddess of hula dancers, chant, sorcery, and medicine. Born in Tahiti and brought by her sister to Hawaii Pelehonuamea, Hi'iaka is also known as the goddess of hula. She played a significant role in the story of Lohi'au, where she embarked on a dangerous journey to bring him to Pele. Throughout her quest, Hi'iaka discovered her powers as a healer of land, making it fertile and causing growth. She also defeated many monsters and faced various challenges with the help of companions and gifts from Pele. In the end, after Pele destroyed Hi'iaka's sacred forest and lover, Lohi'au was given the choice of who to be with, resulting in different versions of the legend's conclusion. Hiʻiaka had multiple sisters, and together they represented various aspects of nature and life in Hawaii.
Perth Thundersticks
The Perth Thundersticks are an Australian professional hockey club based in Perth, Western Australia. The club was established in 2019, and is one of 7 established to compete in Hockey Australia's new premier domestic competition, Hockey One.

The club is intended to unify men's and women's by combining teams under one name, unlike Western Australia's former representation in the Australian Hockey League as the WA Thundersticks (men) and WA Diamonds (women).

Perth Thundersticks will compete for the first time in the inaugural season of Hockey One, which will be contested from late September through to mid November 2019.

Australian Hockey League
The Australian Hockey League (AHL) was Australia's premier national domestic field hockey competition. Despite its non-professional nature, it was considered one of the strongest and most competitive national hockey leagues in the world, consisting of both men's and women's competition. It included many players from the Kookaburras and the Hockeyroos, with participating in the AHL serving as a selection requirement for all Australian national squad members.

The last edition of the AHL was contested in 2018, with the league was replaced by Hockey One, Australia's new elite domestic hockey competition.
Polish House, Bydgoszcz
The Polish House, later known as the Catholic House (Dom Polski), is an historic public building hosting activities for Catholic organizations and associations of Bydgoszcz and the curia of the Bydgoszcz Diocese. The name harks back to the Polish House that stood in Bromberg in the years 1907–1919, to the benefit of the Polish denizens in Prussian Bydgoszcz. The edifice is registered on the Heritage list of Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship, Reg. A/1266, 31 January 2009.

Grodzka Street, Bydgoszcz
Grodzka Street is a historical street in Old Town of Bydgoszcz, Poland. The street is located in the northern part of the Old Town: it stretches along Brda River waterfront, following an east–west axis. The street starts at the intersection with Bernardyńska street and ends at Tadeusz Malczewski street's crossing. Its length is approximately 430 m. The Grodzka Street was laid out in mid-14th century, when Bydgoszcz became a charter city. Grodzka Street buildings vary greatly one from the other, beginning with the three historic granaries from late 18th century, to the all-glass similar-shape modern mBank in Bydgoszcz, which became an icon of Polish architecture.
Militant career of Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Laden was a militant Islamist and the co-founder of al-Qaeda, in conjunction with several other Islamic militant leaders,  issued two fatawa – in 1996 and then again in 1998 – that military personnel from the United States and allied countries until they withdraw support for Israel and withdraw military forces from Islamic countries. He was indicted in United States federal court for his alleged involvement in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya, and was on the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list until his death.

Bin Laden was never indicted for the September 11, 2001 attacks, despite claiming responsibility for them in videos released to the public.

Fatwas of Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Laden authored two fatwas: the first was published in August 1996 and the second in February 1998. At the time, bin Laden was not a wanted man in any country except his native Saudi Arabia, and was not yet known as the leader of the international jihadist organization al-Qaeda. These fatwas received relatively little attention until after the August 1998 United States embassy bombings, for which bin Laden was indicted. The indictment mentions the first fatwā, and claims that Khalid al-Fawwaz, of bin Laden's Advice and Reformation Committee in London, participated in its communication to the press.
Župa dubrovačka
Župa Dubrovačka is a municipality and a valley located in Dubrovnik-Neretva County in south-eastern Croatia.

Župa Dubrovačka stretches between Dubrovnik, the old Ragusa in the west and Cavtat, the ancient Epidaurus in the east, between the settlements of Dubac and Plat. The three islands Supetar, Mrkan and Bobara anchored right in front of the bay protect it from the open sea and from the north the hilly slopes of the Upper Župa. Tourist resorts are clustered along the coast.

Župa Dubrovačka is an underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Cavtat
Cavtat (Croatian pronunciation: [t͡sǎʋtat], Italian: Ragusa Vecchia, lit. 'Old Ragusa') is a village in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County of Croatia. It is on the Adriatic Sea coast 15 kilometres (9 miles) south of Dubrovnik and is the centre and the main settlement of Konavle municipality.
Megactenopetalus
Megactenopetalus is an extinct genus of petalodont fish which lived from the late Early Permian through the Late Permian. It is known from a single species: M. kaibabanus. It was one of the last and largest petalodonts; estimates place it at 1.6 meters or 5.2 feet in length with a 20 centimeter or 7 inch mouth. It is known from the southwest of the United States, the Middle East, and China. The holotype was an upper left dentary which came from the Kaibab Formation on the northern rim of the Grand Canyon. It is probably closely related to Ctenoptychius.

Ctenoptychius
Ctenoptychius ('comb-folded', from the Greek κτείς kteís 'comb' and πτυχή ptychos 'fold') is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish in the order Petalodontiformes. While Ctenoptychius was historically thought to encompass a large number of species with serrated tooth crowns, it is now considered to include only the type species, C. apicalis. This species lived during the Late Carboniferous period, and its fossils are known from the United Kingdom and potentially the United States. C. apicalis is known primarily from teeth, which have a flattened shape and serrated edges, although poorly-preserved specimens preserving the head, pectoral fins and scales of the body are also known. Based on this, it is believed that Ctenoptychius had a flattened, ray-like body.
Zofia Kossak-Szczucka
Zofia Kossak-Szczucka (Polish pronunciation: [ˈzɔfʲja ˈkɔssak ˈʂt͡ʂut͡ska] (also Kossak-Szatkowska); 10 August 1889 – 9 April 1968) was a Polish writer and World War II resistance fighter. She co-founded two wartime Polish organizations: Front for the Rebirth of Poland and Żegota, set up to assist Polish Jews to escape the Holocaust. In 1943, she was arrested by the Germans and sent to Auschwitz concentration camp, but survived the war.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Gackenbach
Gackenbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde – in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Montabaur, a kind of collective municipality.

Westerwaldkreis
The Westerwaldkreis ("District of Westerwald") is a district (Kreis) in the north-east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Altenkirchen, Lahn-Dill, Limburg-Weilburg, Rhein-Lahn, the district-free city Koblenz, Mayen-Koblenz and Neuwied.