hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivan Illich
Ivan Dominic Illich (/ɪˈvɑːn ˈɪlɪtʃ/ iv-AHN IL-itch; German: [ˈiːvan ˈɪlɪtʃ]; 4 September 1926 – 2 December 2002) was an Austrian Catholic priest, theologian, philosopher, and social critic. His 1971 book Deschooling Society criticises modern society's institutional approach to education, an approach that demotivates and alienates individuals from the process of learning. His 1975 book Medical Nemesis, importing to the sociology of medicine the concept of medical harm, argues that industrialised society widely impairs quality of life by overmedicalising life, pathologizing normal conditions, creating false dependency, and limiting other more healthful solutions. Illich called himself "an errant pilgrim."

Paul Kingsnorth
Paul Kingsnorth (born 20 October 1972) is an English writer who lives in the west of Ireland. He is a former deputy editor of The Ecologist and a co-founder of the Dark Mountain Project.

Kingsnorth's nonfiction writing tends to address macro themes like environmentalism, globalisation, and the challenges posed to humanity by civilisation-level trends. His fiction, notably the Buccmaster Trilogy, tends to be mythological and multi-layered.
Via Claudia Nova
The Via Claudia Nova was an ancient Roman road, built in 47 AD by the Roman emperor Claudius to connect the Via Caecilia with the Via Valeria in central Italy.

There is no precise information about the road's route: according to some sources, it started from Amiternum, while for others it began at Civitatomassa, currently a frazione of Scoppito. It joined the Via Claudia Valeria near Popoli, at the confluence of the Tirino and Aterno rivers. It passed, among the others, through the ancient cities of Peltuinum, and Ocriticum, where a temple dedicated to Jupiter existed.

Via Caecilia
Via Caecilia, an ancient highroad of Italy, which diverged from the Via Salaria at the 35th mile (56 km) from Rome, and ran by Amiternum to the Adriatic coast, passing probably by Hadria (Atri). A branch ran to Interamna Praetuttiorum (Teramo) and thence probably to the sea at Castrum Novum (Giulianova), a distance of about 151 miles (243 km) from Rome.
It was probably constructed by Lucius Caecilius Metellus Diadematus (consul in 117 BC, censor 115).
Little Malheur River
The Little Malheur River is a 31-mile (50 km) tributary of the North Fork Malheur River in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Oregon. Beginning on the flanks of Bullrun Rock in the Monument Rock Wilderness of the Blue Mountains, the river flows generally south through parts of two national forests, Wallowa–Whitman and Malheur to meet the North Fork at Horse Flat, north of Juntura. Despite its short length, it flows through parts of four counties, listed from source to mouth: Baker, Grant, Malheur, and Harney.

In 2002, fire burned much of the forest along the canyon of the upper river. The Little Malheur Trail, maintained by the United States Forest Service, follows the river for about 7 miles (11 km) through the wildfire area.

Wallowa–Whitman National Forest
The Wallowa–Whitman National Forest is a United States National Forest in the U.S. states of Oregon and Idaho. Formed upon the merger of the Wallowa and Whitman national forests in 1954, it is located in the northeastern corner of Oregon, in Wallowa, Baker, Union, Grant, and Umatilla counties, and includes small areas in Nez Perce and Idaho counties in Idaho.   The forest is named for the Wallowa band of the Nez Perce people, who originally lived in the area, and Marcus and Narcissa Whitman, Presbyterian missionaries who settled just to the north in 1836. Forest headquarters are located in Baker City, Oregon with ranger districts in La Grande, Joseph and Baker City.
Broad Haven
Broad Haven (Welsh: Aberllydan) is a village and seaside resort in the south east corner of St Bride's Bay at the western terminus of the B4341 road in south Pembrokeshire, Wales.

Broad Haven and Little Haven together form the Havens community and division of Pembrokeshire County Council. The 2001 census records a population of 1,328 for the Havens. The only church in Broad Haven is the Baptist church, although there are Anglican churches in nearby Little Haven.

It is a seaside resort with a large west-facing Blue Flag beach offering safe bathing for families and good surfing, windsurfing and sailing opportunities. The north end of Broad Haven beach has a number of interesting geological features including folding, a stack (locally known as Lion Rock) and natural arches. The town has a number of restaurants and pubs.

Broad Haven should not be confused with the Broad Haven South beach near Bosherston in south Pembrokeshire.

Bosherston
Bosherston (Welsh: Llanfihangel-clogwyn-gofan, translates to "St Michaels above the cliffs of St Gofan") is a village and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.

Bosherston has a population of approximately 300, with a pub and a café serving light refreshments during the summer.

Bosherston is known for Broad Haven South beach  and the Bosherston lily ponds; both owned and maintained by the National Trust.

Two miles to the south of Bosherston nestled within the steep cliffs is St Govan's Chapel. It is free to visit, although the only access is down steep steps carved into the side of the cliff.
Blockhouse Site
Blockhouse Site is a historic blockhouse located near Tryon, Polk County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1756, as a dogtrot log cabin, with two rooms separated by an open passage.  In 1942, the blockhouse was moved from South Carolina into North Carolina to its present site, about 300 yards from its original location.  Following its move, the building was remodeled, enlarged, and embellished.  The blockhouse marked the western end of the original boundary line between North and South Carolina established in 1772.  The boundary line was remeasured in 1813, and a marker placed at the site in 1815.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

Dogtrot house
The dogtrot, also known as a breezeway house, dog-run, or possum-trot, is a style of house that was common throughout the Southeastern United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Some theories place its origins in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Some scholars believe the style developed in the post-Revolution frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee. Others note its presence in the South Carolina Lowcountry from an early period. The main style point was a large breezeway (instead of a hallway) through the center of the house to cool occupants in the hot southern climate.

Architects continue to design variants of dogtrot houses using modern materials.
1994 Australian Super Production Car Series
The 1994 Australian Super Production Car Series was an Australian motor racing competition for production cars. It was the first and only series to be contested under the Australian Super Production Car Series name prior to the adoption of "Australian GT Production Car Series" for 1995 and subsequently "Australian GT Production Car Championship" for 1996.

The 1994 series differed from the 1994 Australian Production Car Championship in that it was open to cars more closely aligned with the James Hardie 12 Hour rather than restricted to the under 2.5 litre front wheel drive cars which were eligible for the Production Car Championship. It was won by Brad Jones driving a Lotus Esprit.

1996 Australian GT Production Car Championship
The 1996 Australian GT Production Car Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title for drivers of Group 3E Series Production Cars. Organised and promoted by Procar Australia, it was the inaugural Australian GT Production Car Championship.

The championship was won by Cameron McConville driving a Porsche 911 RSCS.
Habrocestum inquinatum
Habrocestum inquinatum is a jumping spider species in the genus Habrocestum that lives on the mainland in Yemen and the Socotra Archipelago. The female was first described in 2002. The spider shares similarities with Habrocestum gibbosum, living in a similar geography and sharing morphological characteristics.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
HMS Oroonoko (1805)
HMS Oroonoko was the French privateer Eugène, which the Royal Navy bought in 1805 to replace the previous Oroonoko as a prison ship at Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. She was sold in 1814.

Eugène may have been the sloop sailing from Bordeaux to New Orleans that HMS Renard captured early in 1805 and sent into Jamaica.

HMS Renard (1797)
HMS Renard was the French privateer  Renard, launched in 1797, that Cerberus captured in the Channel that same year. The Royal Navy took her into service under her existing name and she participated in some notable engagements on the Jamaica station before the Navy sold her in 1809.
Pumas Tabasco
Pumas Tabasco, known simply as Tabasco, was a Mexican professional football club based in Villahermosa, Tabasco. Founded in 2020, Tabasco was the official reserve team of Club Universidad Nacional and was part of the Liga de Expansión MX, the second professional football division of the Mexican football league system. The team was dissolved on 25 May 2023 due to a restructuring of the Liga de Expansión MX scheduled for 2024.

Villahermosa
Villahermosa (/ˌviː(j)əɛərˈmoʊsə/ VEE-(y)ə-air-MOH-sə, Spanish: [ˌbiʝaeɾˈmosa] ⓘ; "Beautiful Town") is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Tabasco, and serves as the municipal seat (governing county) of the state. Located in Southeast Mexico, Villahermosa is an important city because of its cultural history, natural resources, commercial development, and modern industrialization.
Boord olefin synthesis
The Boord olefin synthesis is an organic reaction forming alkenes from ethers carrying a halogen atom 2 carbons removed from the oxygen atom (β-halo-ethers) using a metal such as magnesium or zinc.  The reaction, discovered by Cecil E. Boord in 1930 is a classic named reaction with high yields and broad scope.

The reaction type is an elimination reaction with magnesium forming an intermediate Grignard reagent. The alkoxy group is a poor leaving group and therefore an E1cB elimination reaction mechanism is proposed. The original publication describes the organic synthesis of the compound isoheptene in several steps.

In a 1931 publication  the scope is extended to 1,4-dienes with magnesium replaced by zinc (see also: Barbier reaction). In the first part of the reaction the allyl Grignard acts as a nucleophile in nucleophilic aliphatic substitution.

Leaving group
In organic chemistry, a leaving group typically means a molecular fragment that departs with an electron pair during a reaction step with heterolytic bond cleavage.  In this usage, a leaving group is a less formal but more commonly used synonym of the term nucleofuge; although IUPAC gives the term a broader definition.

A species' ability to serve as a leaving group can affect whether a reaction is viable, as well as what mechanism the reaction takes.

Leaving group ability depends strongly on context, but often correlates with ability to stabilize additional electron density from bond heterolysis.  Common anionic leaving groups are Cl−, Br− and I− halides and sulfonate esters such as tosylate (TsO−).  Water (H2O), alcohols (R−OH), and amines (R3N) are common neutral leaving groups, although they often require activating catalysts.  Some moieties, such as hydride (H−) serve as leaving groups only extremely rarely.
Hasse–Arf theorem
In mathematics, specifically in local class field theory, the Hasse–Arf theorem is a result concerning jumps of the upper numbering filtration of the Galois group of a finite Galois extension.  A special case of it when the residue fields are finite  was originally proved by Helmut Hasse, and the general result was proved by Cahit Arf.

Galois extension
In mathematics, a Galois extension is an algebraic field extension E/F that is normal and separable; or equivalently, E/F is algebraic, and the field fixed by the automorphism group Aut(E/F) is precisely the base field F. The significance of being a Galois extension is that the extension has a Galois group and obeys the fundamental theorem of Galois theory.

A result of Emil Artin allows one to construct Galois extensions as follows: If E is a given field, and G is a finite group of automorphisms of E with fixed field F, then E/F is a Galois extension.

The property of an extension being Galois behaves well with respect to  field composition and intersection.
Torvegade
Torvegade (lit. 'Market Street') is the central thoroughfare of Christianshavn in Copenhagen, Denmark, linking the city centre by way of Knippel Bridge with Amagerside Copenhagen at Christmas Møllers Plads. The street crosses Christianshavn Canal at Christianshavns Torv, the central square of the neighbourhood. The last section of the street runs on the embankment that across Stadsgraven.

Christianshavns Torv
Christianshavns Torv is the central public square of the Christianshavn neighborhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is situated at the intersection of Torvegade and Christianshavn Canal, roughly at the center of the area.
2010 Great West Conference baseball tournament
The 2010 Great West Conference baseball tournament took place from May 26 through 29. This was the first Great West Conference baseball tournament. All eight of the league's teams met in the round robin tournament held at University of Texas–Pan American's Edinburg Stadium in Edinburg, Texas. Utah Valley won the championship by a score of 4-3. As the Great West is a new conference, the league does not have an automatic bid to the 2010 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Edinburg, Texas
Edinburg (/ˈɛdɪnbɜːrɡ/ ED-in-burg) is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 100,243 at the 2020 census, and in 2022, its estimated population was 104,294, making it the second-largest city in Hidalgo County, and the third-largest city in the larger Rio Grande Valley region.

Edinburg is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas. Edinburg is home to the main campus of University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.
John Robert Baldwin
Wing Commander John Robert Baldwin, DSO & Bar, DFC & Bar, AFC (16 July 1918 – missing in action 15 March 1952) was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot and the top scoring fighter ace flying the Hawker Typhoon exclusively during the Second World War. He went missing during secondment service with the United States Air Force in the Korean War and was presumed killed.

Missing in action
Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire. They may have been killed, wounded, captured, executed, or deserted. If deceased, neither their remains nor their grave have been positively identified. Becoming MIA has been an occupational risk for as long as there has been warfare.
Fergburger
Fergburger is a hamburger restaurant located in Queenstown, New Zealand, which specialises in gourmet hamburgers. Their burgers include those prepared with lamb, cod, falafel, a swine-and-chicken mix and venison.

Queenstown, New Zealand
Queenstown (Māori: Tāhuna) is a resort town in Otago in the south-west of New Zealand's South Island. It is the seat and largest town in the Queenstown-Lakes District.

The town is on the northwestern edge of Lake Wakatipu, a long, thin, S-shaped lake formed by glacial processes, and has views of nearby mountains such as The Remarkables, Cecil Peak, Walter Peak and, just above the town, Ben Lomond and Queenstown Hill. Queenstown is known for its tourism businesses, especially adventure and ski tourism.
Younès Belhanda
Younès Belhanda (Arabic: يونس بلهندة; born 25 February 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Qatar Stars League club Al-Sailiya. Born in France, he played for the Morocco national team.

Trophées UNFP du football
The Trophées UNFP du football are a number of awards given annually by the Union Nationale des Footballeurs Professionnels (UNFP) to players playing in France's Ligue 1, Ligue 2, and Division 1 Féminine, as well as to managers and referees. The most prestigious award is the Ligue 1 Player of the Year. Created in 1988 under the name Oscars du football, they were renamed in 2004 after a complaint by the Academy Awards committee. The ceremony has been broadcast live on Canal+ since 1994.
Apostibes griseolineata
Apostibes griseolineata is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is found in Israel, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Libya, Algeria and Tunisia.

Scythrididae
Scythrididae (flower moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The family is sometimes included in the Xyloryctidae as a subfamily Scythridinae, but the Xyloryctidae themselves have sometimes been included in the Oecophoridae as subfamily. Scythrididae adults are smallish to mid-sized moths, which when at rest appear teardrop-shaped.
John W. Overton
John Williams Overton (October 10, 1894 – July 19, 1918), also known as Johnny Overton, was an American middle-distance runner and soldier who was killed in action in World War I. He was a national champion track and cross country runner at Yale University and joined the United States Marine Corps after his graduation in 1917. In track, he set the world records for the indoor mile run and indoor 1,000-yard distance in 1917. He was also the college cross country champion in 1915 and 1916.

Millrose Games
The Millrose Games are an annual indoor athletics (track & field) meet held each February in New York City. Among the world's most prestigious indoor track meets, the games currently take place at the Fort Washington Avenue Armory in Washington Heights, having done so since 2012. They were previously held at Madison Square Garden from 1914 to 2011.

The games were started when employees of the New York City branch of Wanamaker's department store formed the Millrose Track Club to hold a meet.

Today, the Millrose Games feature elite competitions for athletes at all levels, including youth, club, masters, high school, collegiate, and professional levels.

The featured event is the Wanamaker Mile.
Bentham railway station
Bentham is a railway station on the Bentham Line, which runs between Leeds and Morecambe via Skipton. The station, situated 19 miles (31 km) east of Lancaster, serves the town of High Bentham and surrounding settlements in North Yorkshire. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Bentham, North Yorkshire
Bentham is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, with a population of 3,027 at the 2011 Census.  The parish includes the town High Bentham, occasionally known as Higher Bentham or just Bentham, and the older adjacent village Low Bentham.

The town lies on the River Wenning, just west of the Yorkshire Dales National Park and on the northern edge of the Forest of Bowland. The original centre of the town lay in Low Bentham, but a market was granted to High Bentham in the 14th century, and it became a centre for weaving from the 18th century, particularly after weavers in the town discovered how to weave hosepipes from flax.

It was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven; it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The name Bentham derives from the Old English beonethām meaning 'bentgrass village'.
Victor Henny
Victor Henny (30 October 1887 in Salatiga, Dutch East Indies – 12 July 1941 in London, United Kingdom) was a Dutch athlete, who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

Henny ran in the first heat of the 100 metres, placing third to Edward Duffy and Georgios Skoutarides and not advancing to the semifinals.  In the 200 metres he again lost in the first round, placing second to John George with a time of 24.6 seconds to George's 23.4 seconds.

He also competed in the 400 metres, taking fourth and last in his preliminary heat to be eliminated in the first round again.

Edward Duffy (athlete)
Edward John Duffy (6 June 1883 – 19 October 1918) was a South African athlete. He competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

He was born in Ryno, North West and died in Johannesburg.

Duffy was a semifinalist (top 17) in the 100 metres at the 1908 Olympic Games, winning the first heat with a time of 11 3⁄5 seconds. Duffy took third place in semifinal 3, losing to James Rector, the eventual silver medalist.

Duffy lost in the preliminary heats of the 200 metres, placing second to Harold Huff. His time was 23.2 seconds, .4 slower than Huff.
East Coast Swing
East Coast Swing (ECS) is a form of social partner dance. It belongs to the group of swing dances. It is danced under fast swing music, including: big band, rock and roll, rockabilly, and boogie-woogie.

Yerrington and Outland equated East Coast Swing to the New Yorker in 1961. Originally known as "Eastern Swing" by Arthur Murray Studios, the name East Coast Swing became more common between 1975 and 1980.

Charleston (dance)
The Charleston is a dance named after the harbor city of Charleston, South Carolina. The rhythm was popularized in mainstream dance music in the United States by a 1923 tune called "The Charleston" by composer/pianist James P. Johnson, which originated in the Broadway show Runnin' Wild and became one of the most popular hits of the decade. Runnin' Wild ran from 28 October 1923 through 28 June 1924. The Charleston dance's peak popularity occurred from mid-1926 to 1927.
Terre Haute House
The Terre Haute House was a historic hotel in downtown Terre Haute, Indiana, United States.

Despite numerous efforts to preserve it, the building was demolished and replaced by the Hilton Garden Inn, which opened in 2007.

The Terre Haute House was a Renaissance Revival-style, 10-story building located on the northeast corner of Seventh Street and Wabash Avenue (U.S. Highway 40). It was a high-class accommodation between the 1920s and the 1950s, a time when Terre Haute's well-known illegal gambling operations and other businesses of ill repute brought high rollers to the area.

Tribune-Star
The Tribune-Star is a five-day morning daily newspaper based in Terre Haute, Indiana, covering the Wabash Valley area of Indiana and Illinois. It is owned by Community Newspaper Holdings. Counties within the newspaper's coverage areas include Clay, Greene, Parke, Sullivan, Vermillion and Vigo counties, Indiana, and Clark, Crawford and Edgar counties, Illinois. It was preceded by The Tribune.
Heather Reid (sports administrator)
Heather Lynne Reid AM is a former Australian football administrator and an advocate for gender equity, diversity and inclusion in sport, particularly in the world game of football. From 2018 to 2021, she was a member of the Football Australia Board.

University of Canberra
The University of Canberra (UC) is a public research university with its main campus located in Bruce, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. The campus is 2.5 km (1.6 mi) from Belconnen Town Centre, and 8.7 km (5.4 mi) from Canberra's Civic Centre. UC offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses through five faculties: Arts and Design; Business, Government and Law; Education; Health; and Science and Technology.