hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wizernes
Wizernes (French pronunciation: [wizɛʁn]; West Flemish: Wezerne) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department, northern France. It lies 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Saint-Omer on the banks of the river Aa at the D928 and D211 road junction.  The commune is twinned with Ensdorf, Germany.

Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿omɛʁ] ⓘ; West Flemish: Sint-Omaars; Picard: Saint-Onmé) is a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in France.

It is 68 km (42 mi) west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais, and is located in the Artois province. The town is named after Saint Audomar, who brought Christianity to the area.

The canalised section of the river Aa begins at Saint-Omer, reaching the North Sea at Gravelines in northern France. Below its walls, the Aa connects with the Neufossé Canal, which ends at the river Lys.
Michał Wiśniowiecki
Michał Wiśniowiecki (Ukrainian: Михайло Михайлович Вишневецький; died 1616) was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth szlachcic, prince at Wiśniowiec, magnate, son of Michał Wiśniowiecki, grandfather of future Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth monarch, Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki. Starost of Owrucz (Ovruch, Ukraine).

He took part in the Magnate wars in Moldavia and supported False Dmitriy I and False Dmitriy II during the Muscovite Time of Troubles and the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). He was also involved in extinguishing Nalyvaiko Uprising.

His son Jeremi after his death was raised by his relative, Konstanty Wiśniowiecki and eventually became a powerful magnate, one of the most famous members of the Wiśniowiecki family. His daughter Anna Wiśniowiecka was a potential marriage candidate to the king Władysław IV Waza in 1636. Although Władysław was quite supportive of the marriage, it was blocked by the Sejm. Anna eventually married Zbigniew Firlej between 1636 and 1638.

Konstanty Wiśniowiecki
Prince Konstanty Wiśniowiecki (1564–1641) was a Polish nobleman, voivode of Belz since 1636, of Ruthenia since 1638 and starost of Czerkasy and Kamieniec was a wealthy, powerful and influential magnate, experienced in both politics and warfare.
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus (Ge'ez: ቴዎድሮስ አድሓኖም ገብረኢየሱስ, sometimes spelled ቴድሮስ ኣድሓኖም ገብረየሱስ; born 3 March 1965) is an Ethiopian public health official, researcher, diplomat, and the director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO) since 2017. He is the first African to become WHO Director-General, receiving an endorsement for the role by the African Union. Tedros played a role in the response to the Ebola virus epidemic, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the 2022–2023 mpox outbreak.

Prior to serving as Director-General, he held two high-level positions in the government of Ethiopia: Minister of Health from 2005 to 2012 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2016. Tedros was included in Time's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.

Aspen Institute
The Aspen Institute is an international nonprofit organization founded in 1949 as the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., but also has a campus in Aspen, Colorado, its original home.

Its stated mission is to "drive change through dialogue, leadership, and action to help solve the greatest challenges of our time". The Aspen Institute’s work focuses on many sectors including business, education, communications, energy and environment, health, security and international affairs.
Dog breeding
Dog breeding is the practice of mating selected dogs with the intention of maintaining or producing specific qualities and characteristics. When dogs reproduce without such human intervention, their offspring's characteristics are determined by natural selection, while "dog breeding" refers specifically to the artificial selection of dogs, in which dogs are intentionally bred by their owners. Breeding relies on the science of genetics, hence a breeder who is knowledgeable on canine genetics, health, and the intended purpose of the dogs attempts to breed suitable dogs.

Canine hip dysplasia
In dogs, hip dysplasia is an abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause lameness and arthritis of the joints. It is a genetic (polygenic) trait that is affected by environmental factors. It is common in many dog breeds, particularly the larger breeds, and is the most common single cause of arthritis of the hips.
USS Patterson (DD-392)
USS Patterson (DD-392), a Bagley-class destroyer, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Daniel Todd Patterson, an officer of the US Navy who served in the Quasi-War with France, First Barbary War, and the War of 1812.

Espiritu Santo
Espiritu Santo (UK: /ɛˌspɪrɪtuː ˈsæntoʊ/, US: /- ˈsɑːntuː, - ˈsɑːntoʊ/; French: [ɛspiʁity sɑ̃to]) is the largest island in the nation and archipelago of Vanuatu (formerly the New Hebrides), with an area of 3,955.5 km2 (1,527.2 sq mi), although Efate, on which the capital city of Port Vila is located, has a larger population. As of 2020, the population of Santo was 37,328. Luganville is the only true town on the island.
2019 Wiesbaden Tennis Open
The 2019 Wiesbaden Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Wiesbaden, Germany between 29 April and 5 May 2019.

Wiesbaden Tennis Open
The Wiesbaden Tennis Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. The event is classified as a $100,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament and has been held in Wiesbaden, Germany, since 2012.
RAC 124
The RAC 124 was a stimulation drink with a lightly peach flavor, sold in a silver 250ml can. It was designed by the RAC Foundation and the makers of the drink Sprite to help get tired motorists home safely if they felt sleepy at the wheel. It was intended to give the drinker a 15-30 minute boost at most. It was sold in the early 2000s at garages and convenience stores only.

Sprite (drink)
Sprite is a clear, lemon-lime flavored soft drink created by the Coca-Cola Company. Sprite comes in additional flavors, including cranberry, cherry, grape, orange, tropical, ginger, pineapple, and vanilla. Ice, peach, Berryclear remix, and newer versions of the drinks are artificially sweetened. Sprite was created primarily to compete against PepsiCo and Keurig Dr Pepper's 7 Up.
1939 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1939 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 42nd staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 22 October 1939 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Coolderry and Seir Kieran, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Coolderry won the match by 6–04 to 2–02 to claim their 14th championship title overall and a first championship title in eight years.

Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1896.

Kilcormac–Killoughey are the title-holders, defeating shinrone by 1–24 to 2–14 in the 2025 final.
Renaissance in Lombardy
The Italian Renaissance in Lombardy, in the Duchy of Milan in the mid-15th century, started in the International Lombard Gothic period and gave way to Lombard humanism with the passage of power between the Visconti and Sforza families. In the second half of the 15th century the Lombard artistic scene developed without disruption, with influences gradually linked to Florentine, Ferrarese, and Paduan styles. With the arrival of Bramante (1479) and Leonardo da Vinci (1482), Milan reached absolute artistic heights in the Italian and European panorama, while still demonstrating the possibilities of coexistence between the artistic avant-garde and the Gothic substratum.

Vincenzo Foppa
Vincenzo Foppa (c. 1427–1430 – c. 1515–1516) was an Italian painter from the Renaissance period. While few of his works survive, he was an esteemed and influential painter during his time and is considered the preeminent leader of the Early Lombard School. He spent his career working for the Sforza family, Dukes of Milan, in Pavia, as well as various other patrons throughout Lombardy and Liguria. He lived and worked in his native Brescia during his later years.
Ramsey and Parkeston
Ramsey and Parkeston (formerly just Ramsey) is a civil parish in the Tendring district, in the county of Essex, England. The parish includes the villages of Ramsey and Parkeston. The neighbouring parishes are Arwarton, Great Oakley, Harkstead, Harwich, Little Oakley, Wix and Wrabness. There are 13 listed buildings in the parish. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,383.

Parkeston, Essex
Parkeston /ˈpɑːrkstən/ is a North Sea port village in Essex, England, situated on the south bank of the River Stour about one mile (1.6 km) up-river from Harwich. In 2018 it had an estimated population of 932.
Rooigrond
Rooigrond is a town in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality in the North West province of South Africa.

Hamlet 16 km south-east of Mafikeng and 25 km south-west of Ottoshoop. Afrikaans for ‘red ground’. The place was formerly known as Vrywilligersrus and Heliopolis. Part of the region Rooigrond, ceded to Boer volunteers under Adriaan de la Rey by Tswana chiefs in the 1880s, became the republics of Stellaland and Goshen. Rooigrond served as capital of the State of Goshen from 1882 to 1883.

Mafikeng
Mahikeng (Tswana for "Place of Rocks"), formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking (/ˈmæfəkɪŋ/, US also /ˈmɑːf-/), is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.

Close to South Africa's border with Botswana, Mafikeng is 1,400 km (870 mi) northeast of Cape Town and 260 km (160 mi) west of Johannesburg. In 2001 it had a population of 49,300. In 2007 Mafikeng was reported to have a population of 250,000, of which the CBD constituted between 69,000 and 75,000. It is built on the open veld at an elevation of 1,500 m (4,921 ft), by the banks of the Upper Molopo River. The Madibi goldfields are some 15 kilometres (9+1⁄2 miles) south of the town.
John Steinbeck Library
The John Steinbeck Library is a public library in Salinas, California, United States.  The library was named after writer John Steinbeck in 1969. The library held the Steinbeck archives until 1998 when they were transferred to the new National Steinbeck Center. The library made national headlines in 2004 and 2005 when it, along with the two other libraries in Salinas, were on the verge of closing because of insufficient funding. In 2005, a nationally covered read-in drew citizens as well as authors to the library to raise awareness about the potential closure. This national publicity, as well as private funding, saved the library. Had the libraries closed, Salinas would have been the largest city in the United States without a library.

National Steinbeck Center
The National Steinbeck Center is a museum and memorial dedicated to the author John Steinbeck, located at the California State University, Monterey Bay at Salinas City Center building at One Main Street in Salinas, California, the town where Steinbeck grew up.

The Steinbeck Center Foundation was founded in 1983; the center itself was finished and opened to the public on June 27, 1998.  The center houses the largest collection of Steinbeck archives in the United States, with various exhibits on his body of work and philosophy. The center recently renovated a small exhibit for rotating exhibits within the main exhibit hall.

The Steinbeck Center is a focal point for activities which encourage learning about literature, human nature, history, agriculture, and the arts. Many educational programs are provided for the public, students and teachers, a multimedia experience for regional and national audiences.

The John Steinbeck House, Steinbeck's childhood home, is located near the museum.
Progressive scan
Progressive scanning (alternatively referred to as noninterlaced scanning) is a format of displaying, storing, or transmitting moving images in which all the lines of each frame are drawn in sequence. This is in contrast to interlaced video used in traditional analog television systems where only the odd lines, then the even lines of each frame (each image called a video field) are drawn alternately, so that only half the number of actual image frames are used to produce video. The system was originally known as "sequential scanning" when it was used in the Baird 240 line television transmissions from Alexandra Palace, United Kingdom in 1936. It was also used in Baird's experimental transmissions using 30 lines in the 1920s. Progressive scanning became universally used in computer screens beginning in the early 21st century.

Film frame
In filmmaking, video production, animation, and related fields, a frame is one of the many still images which compose the complete moving picture. The term is derived from the historical development of film stock, in which the sequentially recorded single images look like a framed picture when examined individually.

The term may also be used more generally as a noun or verb to refer to the edges of the image as seen in a camera viewfinder or projected on a screen. Thus, the camera operator can be said to keep a car in frame by panning with it as it speeds past.
Cargo airline
Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines.
In 2018, airline cargo traffic represented 262,333 million tonne-kilometres with a 49.3% load factor: 52.1% for dedicated cargo operations, and 47.9% within mixed operations (belly freight of passenger airliners).

Dedicated cargo airlines such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, operate a fleet of cargo aircraft and handle the entire freight transportation process. Many airlines, like Emirates and Qatar Airways, have dedicated cargo divisions that operate their own fleet of cargo aircraft alongside their passenger operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, airlines like American Airlines, Air Canada, and Delta Air Lines utilized their passenger planes, removing seats to create space for cargo, to meet the demand for freight transport.

IAG Cargo
IAG Cargo is the cargo handling division of International Airlines Group (IAG). IAG Cargo uses the freight capacity of its sister airlines' passenger flights, such as British Airways, and maintains three hubs located at Dublin Airport, Heathrow Airport and Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport. IAG Cargo provides freight transportation with over 15,000 flights a week to more than 350 destinations in over 80 countries through its affiliated passenger network of 5 airlines.
Brendan O'Reilly (fighter)
Brendan O'Reilly (born 24 June 1987) is an Australian professional mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Welterweight. A professional competitor since 2009, O'Reilly was also a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter Nations: Canada vs. Australia and competed in Ultimate Fighting Championship.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
8th Legislature of the Third Portuguese Republic
The 8th Legislature of the Third Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: VIII Legislatura da Terceira República Portuguesa) ran from 25 October 1999 to 4 April 2002. The composition of the Assembly of the Republic, the legislative body of Portugal, was determined by the results of the 1999 legislative election, held on 10 October 1999.

In the aftermath of a worse than expected result for the Socialist Party in the 2001 local elections, Prime Minister António Guterres resigned in order to, in his words, "avoid a political swamp". President Jorge Sampaio dissolved Parliament and called an election for 17 March 2002.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
Moses Harper
Moses Harper (born c. 1987) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Lincoln University, a position he has held since 2024. He also coached for Central Methodist, Highland Community College (KS), Fort Scott Community College, Coahoma Community College, William Jewell, Missouri Western, and Nebraska–Kearney. He played college football for Central Methodist and professionally for the Wichita Wild of the Indoor Football League (IFL) as a wide receiver. He played college basketball for North Central Missouri College and Central Methodist.

Central Methodist Eagles
The Central Methodist Eagles are the athletic teams that represent Central Methodist University, located in Fayette, Missouri, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Heart of America Athletic Conference (HAAC) since the 1991–92 academic year; which they were a member on a previous stint from 1971–72 to 1985–86. The Eagles previously competed as an NAIA Independent from 1986–87 to 1990–91; and in the Missouri College Athletic Union (MCAU) from 1924–25 to 1970–71.
1956 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1956 Final was the 69th final of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship and the culmination of the 1956 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 23 September 1956, between Cork and Wexford. The Munster champions lost to their Leinster opponents on a score line of 2-14 to 2-8.

With 83,096 spectators present, this game has the second highest attendance of any hurling final since 1887.  The final was delayed for a number of weeks because of an outbreak of polio in Cork.

1956 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1956 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 70th staging of the All-Ireland hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The championship began on 22 April 1956 and ended on 23 September 1956.

Wexford were the defending champions, and retained their All-Ireland crown following a 2–14 to 2–8 defeat of Cork.
Arthur's
Arthur's was a London gentlemen's club, now dissolved, which was established in 1811 and was disbanded in 1940. Between 1827 and 1940 it was based at 69 St James's Street. It is now best remembered for having built the London clubhouse currently occupied by the Carlton Club.

The club was first formed at a meeting at a bank at 16 St James's Street on 8 May 1811, with the resolution 'That a New Club be forthwith established, to consist of 300 Members.' The club is notable for being the first to be a members' club wholly owned by the members, as opposed to the proprietary clubs which previously existed, like White's, Boodle's, and Brooks's, and it accordingly served as the mould for most of the nineteenth century members'-owned clubs which followed.

White's
White's is a gentlemen's club in St James's, London.  Founded in 1693 as a hot chocolate shop in Mayfair, it is London's oldest club and therefore the oldest private members' club in the world. It moved to its current premises on St James's Street in 1778.
Criminal Justice Act
Criminal Justice Act (with its many variations) is a stock short title used for legislation in Canada, Malaysia, Ireland, and the United Kingdom relating to criminal law (including both substantive and procedural aspects of that law). It tends to be used for Acts that do not have a single cohesive subject matter.

The Bill for an Act with this short title will be known as the Criminal Justice Bill during its passage through Parliament.

Criminal Justice Act may be a generic name either for legislation bearing that short title or for all legislation relating to criminal law. It is not a term of art.

See also the Criminal Law Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act.

Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 (c. 33) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It introduced a number of changes to the law, most notably in the restriction and reduction of existing rights, clamping down on unlicensed rave parties, and greater penalties for certain "anti-social" behaviours. The Bill was introduced by Michael Howard, Home Secretary of Prime Minister John Major's Conservative government, and attracted widespread opposition.
Stockelsdorf
Stockelsdorf is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated directly northwest of Lübeck and forms an agglomeration with the easterly town of Bad Schwartau.
The municipality contains the villages of Arfrade, Curau, Dissau, Eckhorst, Horsdorf, Klein Parin, Krumbeck, Malkendorf, Obernwohlde and Pohnsdorf.

By measure of population Stockelsdorf is the second largest municipality without town status in Schleswig-Holstein.

Bad Schwartau
Bad Schwartau (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈʃvaʁtaʊ] ⓘ; Low German: Bad Swartau) is the largest city in the district of Ostholstein, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the river Trave and the Schwartau creek, approx. 5 km north of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Bad Schwartau is a spa-city, well known for its iodide saline waters. The city is located about 13 km from the Baltic Sea.
Ni Xialian
Ni Xia Lian (Chinese: 倪夏連; born 4 July 1963) is a Chinese-born Luxembourgish table tennis player who has represented Luxembourg in international competitions since 1991. Born in Shanghai, China, she currently lives with her husband, Tommy Danielsson, in Ettelbruck, Luxembourg.

Luxembourg Olympic and Sporting Committee
The Luxembourg Olympic and Sporting Committee (French: Comité Olympique et Sportif Luxembourgeois, COSL; German: Luxemburgisches Olympisches und Sportkomitee, Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerger Olympesche a Sporting Comité; IOC Code: LUX), is the National Olympic Committee for Luxembourg.
Italian War of 1494–1495
The First Italian War, or Charles VIII's Italian War, was the opening phase of the Italian Wars. The war pitted Charles VIII of France, who had initial Milanese aid, against the Holy Roman Empire, Spain and an alliance of Italian powers led by Pope Alexander VI, known as the League of Venice.

Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua
Francesco II Gonzaga (10 August 1466 – (1519-03-29)29 March 1519) was Marquis of Mantua from 1484 until his death. A prominent condottiero and statesman during the Italian Wars, he is best known for commanding the Italian league forces at the Battle of Fornovo in 1495. Through his marriage to Isabella d'Este, one of the leading women of the Italian Renaissance, Francesco helped establish Mantua as a significant cultural and artistic center.