hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bouillon, Belgium
Bouillon (French pronunciation: [bujɔ̃] ⓘ; Walloon: Bouyon) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg in the Ardennes, Belgium.

The municipality, which covers 149.09 km2, had 5,477 inhabitants, giving a population density of 36.7 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Bellevaux, Bouillon, Corbion, Dohan, Les Hayons, Noirefontaine, Poupehan, Rochehaut, Sensenruth, Ucimont, and Vivy.

Lower Lotharingia
The Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, also called Northern Lotharingia, Lower Lorraine or Northern Lorraine (and also referred to as Lothier or Lottier in titles), was a stem duchy of the medieval Kingdom of Germany established in 959, which encompassed almost all of  modern Belgium, Luxembourg, the northern part of the German Rhineland province and the eastern parts of France's Nord-Pas de Calais region. It also included almost all of modern Netherlands.
2013 Red Bull Youth America's Cup
The 2013 Red Bull Youth America's Cup was the inaugural Youth Americas Cup and was held in San Francisco, California from 1–4 September alongside the 34th America's Cup. The Youth America's Cup used the America's Cup 45 AC45F class, a one-design foiling wingsail catamaran designed by Oracle Racing. The yachts have 6 crew on board with teams having one additional substitute (skipper, helm, strategist, main trimmer, jib trimmer and bow). All athletes were aged between 19 and 24 years old.

2013 America's Cup
The 34th America's Cup was a series of yacht races held in San Francisco Bay in September 2013. The series was contested between the defender Oracle Team USA team representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club, and the challenger Emirates Team New Zealand representing the Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron.

The format was changed radically to a best of 17, and Oracle Team USA defended the America's Cup by a score of 9 to 8 after Team New Zealand had built an 8 to 1 lead. Team New Zealand won the right to challenge for the Cup by previously winning the 2013 Louis Vuitton Cup. The 34th America's Cup's race schedule was the longest ever, in terms of number of days and number of races, and the first since the 25th America's Cup to feature both teams in a match point situation.
2011 Newcastle Knights season
The 2011 Newcastle Knights season was the 24th in the club's history. Coached by Rick Stone and captained by Kurt Gidley, they competed in the NRL's 2011 Telstra Premiership. The Knights finished the regular season in 8th place (out of 16), thus reaching the finals but were knocked out after losing to the Melbourne Storm in week 1.

Kurt Gidley
Kurt Geoffrey Gidley (born 7 June 1982) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the Warrington Wolves in the Super League. An Australia international and New South Wales State of Origin representative and captain, he previously played in the National Rugby League for the Newcastle Knights, captaining them for 123 games. He played as a fullback, five-eighth, halfback and hooker, although due to his versatility, he was able to slip into the positions of centre and lock when needed throughout his career.

In 2011, Gidley competed in the third season of the Channel Seven television series Australia's Greatest Athlete.
Miss Grand Cambodia 2016
Miss Grand Cambodia 2016 was the second edition of the Miss Grand Cambodia beauty pageant, held at the Nagaworld Hotel in Phnom Penh, on June 30, 2016. Twenty-three contestants, who qualified for the national contest through online screening, competed for the title, of whom a 19-year-old nursing student from Phnom Penh, Heng Chantha, was named the winner, and was expected to represent the country at the Miss Grand International 2016 pageant in Las Vegas, Nevada, however, her visa application was rejected by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement caused her to withdraw from the competition.

The event was broadcast live to the audience nationwide on MyTV.

Miss Grand International 2016
Miss Grand International 2016 was the fourth Miss Grand International pageant, held at the Westgate International Theater in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, on October 25, 2016 the first time the contest was held outside Thailand. Candidates from seventy-four countries and territories competed for the title. At the end of the event Claire Elizabeth Parker, Miss Grand International 2015 of Australia crowned Ariska Putri Pertiwi of Indonesia as her successor, making her the first Asian candidate to win the title. Meanwhile, the first to fourth vice-miss titles was awarded to the representatives of the Philippines, Thailand, Puerto Rico, and the United States, respectively.

The pageant's grand final was hosted by an American television personality, Brian J. White, and was broadcast to audiences worldwide via the pageant YouTube channel and the official Facebook page.
Grand Slam of Grass
The Grand Slam of Grass is a series of American Thoroughbred horse races made up of four turf events for three-year-old horses.

The series offers a $5 million bonus for any horse who wins all four races. Currently sponsored by Jacobs Investments, the series consists of:

Colonial Turf Cup - June at Colonial Downs, New Kent, Virginia

Virginia Derby - July at Colonial Downs, New Kent, Virginia

Secretariat Stakes - August at Arlington Park, Chicago, Illinois

Breeders' Cup Turf - Late October/early November at a different location annually

Paddy O'Prado has come the closest to winning the Grand Slam. In 2010, he won the Colonial Turf Cup, Virginia Derby, and Secretariat, but did not run in the Breeders' Cup Turf.

Commonwealth Turf Cup
The Commonwealth Turf Cup is an American Thoroughbred horse race held each year since 2015 at Laurel Park in Laurel, Maryland. It was previously known as the Colonial Turf Cup when it was held at Colonial Downs race track in New Kent County, Virginia. It is raced on turf at a distance of one mile and is open to horses aged three years old and up. The current purse is $200,000.

In 2009, the race was upgraded from a Grade III to a Grade II event. In 2011, the race changed its conditions to allow entry of older horses. This change caused the race to lose its graded status until 2013, when it again became a Grade II event.

From 2005 to 2013, the race was run at 1+3⁄16 miles. For the 2015 renewal, the distance was shortened to 1+1⁄8 miles, and in 2016 to 1 mile.
General Motors of Canada Ltd v City National Leasing
General Motors of Canada Ltd v City National Leasing is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the scope of the Trade and Commerce power of the Constitution Act, 1867 as well as the interpretation of the Ancillary doctrine.

Ultra vires
Ultra vires is a Latin phrase used in law to describe an act that requires legal authority but is done without it. Its opposite, an act done under proper authority, is intra vires. Acts that are intra vires may equivalently be termed "valid", and those that are ultra vires termed "invalid".

Legal issues relating to ultra vires can arise in a variety of contexts:

Companies and other legal persons sometimes have limited legal capacity to act, and attempts to engage in activities beyond their legal capacities may be ultra vires. Most countries have restricted the doctrine of ultra vires in relation to companies by statute.

Similarly, statutory and governmental bodies may have limits upon the acts and activities which they legally engage in.

Subordinate legislation which is purported passed without the proper legal authority may be invalid as beyond the powers of the authority which issued it.
Surgoinsville, Tennessee
Surgoinsville is a town in Hawkins County, Tennessee, United States. The 2020 census showed a population of 1,882, an increase over the figure of 1,801 tabulated in 2010. It is part of the Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol metropolitan area, which is a component of the Tri-Cities region.

The Phipps Bend Nuclear Plant is nearby.

Tri-Cities (Tennessee–Virginia)
The Tri-Cities is the region comprising the cities of Kingsport, Johnson City, and Bristol and the surrounding smaller towns and communities in Northeast Tennessee and Southwest Virginia. All three cities are located in Northeast Tennessee, while Bristol has a twin city of the same name in Virginia.

The Tri-Cities region was formerly a single Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA); due to the U.S. Census Bureau's revised definitions of urban areas in the early 2000s, it is now a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with two metropolitan components: Johnson City and Kingsport–Bristol, TN–VA.  However, the Tri-Cities are usually still considered one population center, which is the fifth-largest in Tennessee.
Warden Law
Warden Law is a rural civil parish in the Sunderland district of Tyne and Wear, England. Its small settlements are mostly along the B1404 road between Houghton-le-Spring and Seaham, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of the centre of Houghton and 5 miles (8 km) south-west of Sunderland city centre.

The area has several prehistoric burial sites and other neolithic groundworks and remains, largely destroyed by ploughing. The hill at Wrdlau is mentioned in one account of the 10th-century journey of St Cuthbert's shrine which led to the establishment of Durham Cathedral.

The parish had a population of 33 at the 2001 census. At more recent censuses the population remained less than 100 and therefore details were included in the civil parish of Hetton. In 1872, the population was 73 and Warden-Law was described as a township in Houghton-le-Spring parish, Durham.

It is home to a karting track called Karting North East.

Houghton-le-Spring
Houghton-le-Spring (/ˈhoʊtən li ˈsprɪŋ/ HOH-tən-lee-SPRING) is a town in the Sunderland district, in Tyne and Wear, England which has its recorded origins in Norman times. Historically in County Durham.

It lies seven miles from Durham, 7 miles (11 kilometres). Seaham is also 5 mi (8 km) directly east. The villages and towns of Newbottle, Fencehouses and Hetton-le-Hole lie nearby. It had a population of 36,746.

Other villages within the Houghton-le-Spring postal district include: Philadelphia, Penshaw, Shiney Row, Chilton Moor and Woodstone Village.
Ross ter Braak
Ross ter Braak (born 5 June 1997) is a New Zealand cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 22 December 2019, for Auckland in the 2019–20 Super Smash. Prior to his T20 debut, he was named in New Zealand's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut on 1 December 2020, for Auckland in the 2020–21 Ford Trophy. He made his first-class debut on 11 March 2021, for Auckland in the 2020–21 Plunket Shield season.

Auckland cricket team
The Auckland cricket team represent the Auckland region and are one of six New Zealand domestic first class cricket teams. Governed by the Auckland Cricket Association they are the most successful team having won 28 Plunket Shield titles, ten wins in The Ford Trophy and the Super Smash four times. The team currently play their home games at Eden Park Outer Oval.

The limited overs team, known as the Auckland Aces, have a predominantly light blue kit with a navy and white trim. Their One Day Championship shirt sponsors are Ford whilst their major T20 sponsor is Mondiale.

They won the Men's Super Smash competition in the 2015–16 season, their 4th domestic Twenty20 title overall, making them become the most successful team in New Zealand.
Naval Aircraft Factory SBN
The Naval Aircraft Factory SBN was a United States three-seat mid-wing monoplane scout bomber/torpedo aircraft designed by the Brewster Aeronautical Corporation and built under license by the Naval Aircraft Factory in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The landing gear was similar to that on the Brewster F2A Buffalo fighter aircraft. The SBN had non-folding wings with perforated flaps.

Wright R-1820 Cyclone
The Wright R-1820 Cyclone 9 is an American radial engine developed by Curtiss-Wright, widely used on aircraft in the 1930s through 1950s.  It was produced under license in France as the Hispano-Suiza 9V or Hispano-Wright 9V, and in the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-25.
Eyilikler gudgeon
The Eyilikler gudgeon (Gobio battalgilae) is a species of gudgeon, a small freshwater in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Turkey.

Named in honor of Süleyman Balik, for his contributions to the knowledge of Turkish fishes.

Gobio
Gobio is a genus of typical gudgeons, ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae many of which are endemics of south-eastern Europe. Members of the genus are usually small fish, rarely longer than 10 cm.

Many species previously in Gobio are now placed in the sister genus Romanogobio.
Cleveland child abuse allegations scandal
The Cleveland child abuse allegations scandal is a wave of suspected child sexual abuse cases in 1987 in Cleveland, England, many of which were later discredited.

In that year, a large number of child sexual abuse allegations followed the use of a new and controversial diagnostic test by paediatricians at Middlesbrough General Hospital. A total of 121 children were removed from their parents as a result. In 1988, the Butler-Sloss Inquiry into the cases concluded that most of the diagnoses were incorrect; 94 of the children were subsequently returned and the two paediatricians involved were criticized. 
In 1991, the Children Act was implemented, in part as a result of the scandal and the ensuing report.
In 1997, a controversial TV documentary suggested that the majority of the diagnoses were in fact correct, and that a number of the children had again been determined to be at risk of abuse.

Cleveland, Yorkshire
54°30′00″N 1°08′02″W﻿ / ﻿54.500°N 1.134°W﻿ / 54.500; -1.134

Cleveland (/ˈkliːvlənd/) is a district in North Yorkshire, England, lying between the River Tees and the North Sea on one side and the North York Moors on the other. It is coextensive with the old wapentake of Langbaurgh. The name comes from the Old English clifa land, meaning "district of cliffs".

The district should not be confused with the administrative county of Cleveland (1974–1996), which covered a smaller area and included land on the north side of the Tees, in what had been County Durham.
Let's Go (King Stingray song)
"Let's Go" is a song by Australian rock band King Stingray, released on 14 June 2022 by Cooking Vinyl Australia as the fifth single from the band's self-titled debut album. The song and its music video won two National Indigenous Music Awards in 2023.

Didgeridoo
The didgeridoo (/ˌdɪdʒəriˈduː/ ⓘ; also spelt didjeridu, among other variants) is a wind instrument, played with vibrating lips to produce a continuous drone while using a special breathing technique called circular breathing. The didgeridoo was developed by Aboriginal peoples of northern Australia at least 1,000 years ago, and is now in use around the world, though still most strongly associated with Indigenous Australian music. In the Yolŋu languages of the indigenous people of northeast Arnhem Land the name for the instrument is the yiḏaki, sometimes more recently also called mandapul. In the Bininj Kunwok language of West Arnhem Land it is known as mako (pronounced, and sometimes spelt, as mago).

A didgeridoo is usually cylindrical or conical, and can measure anywhere from 1 to 3 m (3 to 10 ft) long. Most are around 1.2 m (4 ft) long. Generally, the longer the instrument, the lower its pitch. Flared instruments play a higher pitch than unflared instruments of the same length.
Dendrochytridium
Dendrochytridium is a fungal genus in the order Chytridiales. It is monotypic, meaning it contains only one saprobic species, Dendrochytridium crassum, isolated from detritus collected from an Australian tree canopy. Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 2013. Phylogenetically, Dendrochytridium crassum is grouped in a clade with other fungi that possess Group II-type zoospores. These fungi include representatives from the genera Chytridium, Phlyctochytrium, Chytriomyces, and Polyphlyctis, all of which are classified in the family Chytridiaceae.

The generic name combines dendro (derived from Greek, meaning "tree"), which refers to the origin of the first collection, and Chytridium, the type genus of the order Chytridiales. The specific epithet crassum is Latin for "broad," referring to the broad rhizoids observed in this species.

Chytriomyces
Chytriomyces is the type genus of fungi in the family Chytriomycetaceae. The genus was described by mycologist John Sidney Karling in 1945. The family, created by Peter Letcher in 2011, contains species with a Group I-type zoospore, distinguishing it from Chytridiaceae members, which have a Group II-type zoospore.
Crabbes Creek
Crabbes Creek is a village located in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia, in the Tweed Shire. It is 43 kilometres (27 mi) from the regional centre of Tweed Heads and 20 kilometres (12 mi) to Mullumbimby.

The traditional owners of Crabbes Creek are the Bundjalung people, specifically the Ngandowal and Minyungbal speaking people, including the Goodjinburra, Tul-gi-gin, and Moorung-Moobah clans.

The Murwillumbah railway line used to have a station at Crabbes Creek, which opened in 1894, and the Northern Rivers Rail Trail now passes through the town.

Mullumbimby
Mullumbimby, locally nicknamed Mullum, is a town in the Byron Shire in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. It promotes itself as "The Biggest Little Town in Australia". It is known for its hippie subculture, and it has been referred to as "Australia's anti-vaxxer capital".

The town lies at the foot of Mount Chincogan in the Brunswick Valley about 9 kilometres (5.5 miles) by road from the coast. At the 2021 census, Mullumbimby and the surrounding area had a population of 3,589 people.

The Bundjalung people were the first people who lived in the area of Mullumbimby before the arrival of Europeans and remain the traditional owners of this place.
2017 Oceania Athletics Championships
The 2017 Oceania Athletics Championships were held at the ANZ Stadium in Suva, Fiji between June 28 and July 1, 2017. The event was held jointly with the Oceania under 18 and under 20 championships, including exhibition events for masters and for athletes with disabilities (parasports).

Oceania Area Championships in Athletics
The Oceania Athletics Championships is an athletics event organized by the Oceania Athletics Association (OAA) for the World Athletics (WA; formerly the IAAF) member associations of the Oceania region.

The event has been held jointly with the Under-20 Championships since 1994, Under-18 Championships since 2000, the Para Championships since 2022, and the Masters Championships since 2024.
1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships
The 1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, also known as the 1986 Volvo Tennis Hall of Fame Championships for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts and part of the Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. held. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, USA from July 7 through July 13, 1986. Unseeded Bill Scanlon won the singles title and $20,000 first prize money.

1986 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only tennis circuit held that year. The tour consisted of 70 tournaments in 23 different countries. It incorporated three of the four grand slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments. The season ending Masters tournament was moved from the January slot to December.
SS Empire Morn
SS Empire Morn was a 7,092-ton CAM ship that was built in 1941. She saw service on a number of trade routes during the Second World War, making several crossings of the North Atlantic as well as voyages to Russia and Africa. She was badly damaged after hitting a mine in 1943, and spent the rest of the war laid up as a hulk. She was subsequently sold and repaired, returning to service for several companies after the war, under the names San Antonio and Rio Pas before being sold for scrapping in 1973.

Empire Morn is known for the death of the second youngest person in the British services to die in the war, 14-year-old galley boy Raymond Steed. She is also the only CAM ship whose fighter pilot died in action after his aircraft was launched from the ship.

CAM ship
CAM ships were World War II–era British merchant ships used in convoys as a stop-gap until sufficient escort carriers became available. CAM ship is an acronym for catapult aircraft merchant ship.

The ships carried a rocket-propelled catapult to launch a Hawker Hurricane, dubbed a "Hurricat" or "Catafighter" to attack Luftwaffe aircraft. Normally the Hurricane fighter would be lost when the pilot bailed out or ditched in the ocean near the convoy. CAM ships continued to carry their normal cargoes after conversion.

The concept was developed and tested by the five fighter catapult ships, commissioned as warships and commanded and crewed by the Royal Navy – the CAM ships were ordinary merchant vessels, commanded and crewed by the Merchant Navy.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1741
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1741, adopted unanimously on January 30, 2007, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, particularly resolutions 1320 (2000), 1430 (2003), 1466 (2003), 1640 (2005), 1681 (2006) and 1710 (2006), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) for a period of six months until July 31, 2007.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1640
United Nations Security Council resolution 1640, adopted unanimously on 23 November 2005, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, particularly Resolution 1622 (2005), the Council demanded that Eritrea lift restrictions on the movement of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE).

The resolution was passed after the Security Council threatened sanctions on both countries if war broke out. Ethiopian troops briefly breached the demilitarised zone and Eritrea dismissed the resolution as a reflection of "the narrow interests of [the world's] major powers".
Qingsheng Wang
Qingsheng Wang is a Chinese–American chemical engineer and academic who serves as a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Texas A&M University. He has published over 200 journal papers, 14 book chapters, 2 books, and holds 4 patents/copyrights, and has supervised 20 PhD and 31 MS students, with three pursuing academic careers and the others contributing to the energy and the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, Wang leads the Texas A&M University Multiscale Process Safety Laboratory, where he pioneers research in process safety, energy safety, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for safety, large-scale field testing, and flame retardants.

Process safety
Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires, explosions and chemical accidents (such as toxic gas clouds) in process plants or other facilities dealing with hazardous materials, such as refineries and oil and gas (onshore and offshore) production installations. Thus, process safety is generally concerned with the prevention of, control of, mitigation of and recovery from unintentional hazardous materials releases that can have a serious effect to people (onsite and offsite), plant and/or the environment.