hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lorentz surface
In mathematics, a  Lorentz surface is a two-dimensional oriented smooth manifold with a conformal equivalence class of Lorentzian metrics. It is the analogue of a Riemann surface in indefinite signature.

Surface (topology)
In topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solid figures; for example, the sphere is the boundary of the solid ball. Other surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to any ambient space. For example, the Klein bottle is a surface that cannot be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space.

Topological surfaces are sometimes equipped with additional information, such as a Riemannian metric or a complex structure, that connects them to other disciplines within mathematics, such as differential geometry and complex analysis. The various mathematical notions of surface can be used to model surfaces in the physical world.
Oregon's 53rd House district
District 53 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the district is contained entirely within Deschutes County and includes the cities of Redmond, Oregon, Sisters, and Tumalo as well as northern parts of Bend and the Redmond Municipal Airport. The current representative for the district is Democrat Emerson Levy of Redmond.

Deschutes County, Oregon
Deschutes County (/dəˈʃuːts/ də-SHOOTS) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 198,253. The county seat is Bend. The county was created in 1916 out of part of Crook County and was named for the Deschutes River, which itself was named by French-Canadian trappers of the early 19th century. It is the political and economic hub of Central Oregon. Deschutes comprises the Bend, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area and media market. Deschutes is Oregon's fastest-growing and most recently formed county.
Angelo Peruzzi
Angelo Peruzzi Ufficiale OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo peˈruttsi]; born 16 February 1970) is an Italian football coach and former goalkeeper, and a three-time winner of the Serie A Goalkeeper of the Year award.

Peruzzi is regarded by pundits as one of the greatest Italian goalkeepers of all time, and as one of the best goalkeepers of his generation. Throughout his career, he played for Italian clubs Roma, Hellas Verona, Juventus, Internazionale and Lazio. He had a highly successful spell with Juventus, where he won three Serie A titles, the Coppa Italia, the UEFA Cup and the UEFA Champions League, among other titles; he won a second Coppa Italia with Lazio before retiring with the club in 2007. At international level, he played 31 times for the Italy national team from his debut in 1995, and was a member of their squad which won the 2006 FIFA World Cup. He also represented them at the 1992 Olympics, at UEFA Euro 1996 (as a starting goalkeeper), and at Euro 2004.

2000 Supercoppa Italiana
The 2000 Supercoppa Italiana was a match contested by the 1999–2000 Serie A winners Lazio and the 1999–2000 Coppa Italia runners-up Inter Milan. Since the Coppa Italia winners were also the newly appointed league champions, the Super Cup spot was given to the runners-up of the Coppa Italia, Inter Milan

The match resulted in a 4–3 win for Lazio.
Carpathian Euroregion
The Carpathian Euroregion is an international association formed on February 14, 1993, by the representatives of the regional administrations of Poland, Ukraine, Slovakia and Hungary in the city of Debrecen. In 2000, the request from several regional administrations of Romania to join the Euroregion was accepted.

Hajdú–Bihar County
Hajdú–Bihar (Hungarian: Hajdú-Bihar vármegye, pronounced [ˈhɒjduː ˈbihɒr]) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén, Jász–Nagykun–Szolnok and Békés. The capital of Hajdú-Bihar county is Debrecen. Together with Bihor County in Romania it constitutes the Biharia Euroregion.
Abu Hamza al-Thumali
Thābit ibn Abī Ṣafiyya famously known as Abū Ḥamza al-Thumālī Thābit ibn Dīnār (Arabic: أبو حمزة الثمالي) (born before 82 Hijri/701 CE – died after 150 Hijri/767 CE), was a Shia Muslim and a companion of Shia Imams Ali al-Sajjad (680–712) and Muhammad al-Baqir (712–732). He is known for transmitting the text for Risalat al-Huquq and the Supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali from Ali al-Sajjad. He is regarded as a trustworthy hadith transmitter by Shias, but untrustworthy by Sunni hadith scholars.

Shaykh Tusi
Shaykh Tūsī (Persian: شیخ طوسی), full name Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Tūsī (Arabic: أَبُوْ جَعْفَرِ مُحَمَّدُ بِنْ الحَسَنِ الطُوْسِّيّ, romanized: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī), known as Shaykh al-Ta'ifah (Arabic: شَيْخِ الطَائِفَةِ, romanized: Shaykh al-Ṭāʾifah) was a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, mufassir, theologian and hadith compiler of Persian descent. He is the author of two of the Four Books of Shia hadith; namely, Tahdhib al-Ahkam and al-Istibsar, and is believed to have founded the Hawza of Najaf. In addition, he was a scholar of ʾUṣūl al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic jurisprudence) and is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential thinkers in Shi’i history.
Oxford Blue (cheese)
Oxford Blue is a variety and brand of blue cheese produced in Burford, Oxfordshire, England in 1995 by French baron Robert Pouget  in the tradition of Stilton cheese (it was produced in a Stilton dairy) but with a creamier consistency especially when the cheese was allowed to mature. It is a soft and creamy cheese that has tangy, aromatic and spicy qualities. By 2013, around five tonnes were produced monthly.

Blue cheese
Blue cheese or bleu cheese is any cheese made with the addition of cultures of edible molds, which create blue-green spots or veins through the cheese. Blue cheeses vary in flavor from mild to strong and from slightly sweet to salty or sharp; in colour from pale to dark; and in consistency from liquid to hard. They may have a distinctive smell, either from the mold or from various specially cultivated bacteria such as Brevibacterium linens.

Some blue cheeses are injected with spores before the curds form, and others have spores mixed in with the curds after they form. Blue cheeses are typically aged in temperature-controlled environments.
James Frederick Swift
James Frederick Swift (28 December 1847, Manchester – 9 January 1931, Wallasey) was an English organist and composer. He mostly worked for religious establishments such as St Andrew's Church in Liverpool for 10 years, but he also composed around 200 non-religious songs and ballads under the pseudonym, Godfrey Marks. One of his most famous songs is Sailing, Sailing. It is a possibility that Swift composed this work on seamanship based on his inspiration from Nancy Lee by Michael Maybrick, despite that his daughter, Ruby Gertrude Swift, expressed that his father had never been close to seafaring activities. One of his famous religious songs includes Ernstein.

Michael Maybrick
Michael Maybrick (31 January 1841 – 26 August 1913) was an English composer and singer, best known under his pseudonym Stephen Adams as the composer of "The Holy City", one of the most popular religious songs in English.
Ingå railway station
Ingå railway station (Swedish: Ingå järnvägsstation, Finnish: Inkoon rautatieasema) is a railway station in the municipality of Ingå, Finland, between the stations of Siuntio and Karis. It is located 19.3 kilometres (12.0 mi) west of the Siuntio station and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the Karis station. The station was designed by architect Bruno Granholm.

Due to very low number passenger numbers, the station was closed on 27 March 2016. The station was re-opened for passenger traffic on 3 April 2024. The station is served by a limited H commuter train service between Helsinki and Hanko, operating three times a week.

Hanko railway station
Hanko railway station (abbrev. Hnk, Finnish: Hangon rautatieasema, Swedish: Hangö järnvägsstation) is a railway station in the port town of Hanko, Finland along the Hanko–Hyvinkää railway. The station is located approximately 50 kilometres (30 mi) away from Karis railway station and is the terminus for the line. The Hanko railway station is the southernmost railway station in Finland.

The current station building represents the postfunctionalism of the 1950s. The building was completed in 1952 and it was designed by architect Jarl Ungern.

The Finnish Heritage Agency has classified Hanko railway station as a nationally significant built cultural environment.
Regalia of Serbia
The Royal Crown of Serbia (Serbian: Српска краљевска круна, romanized: Srpska kraljevska kruna) is a royal regalia that existed during the Serbian monarchy.

Serbia, like most former monarchies in Europe, has had crowns once worn by its rulers. The various Serbian principalities and kingdoms were organised around a number of different royal dynasties. Many of these invested in symbols of royalty which has led to a number of distinctive crowns, jewels and other treasures of incredible wealth surviving to the present day.

Simonida
Simonida Nemanjić (Serbian Cyrillic: Симонида Немањић; c. 1294 – after 1336), born Simonis Palaiologina (Greek: Σιμωνίς Παλαιολογίνα, sr. Симонида Палеолог, Simonida Paleolog), was a Byzantine princess and queen consort of the Kingdom of Serbia as the fourth wife of Serbian king Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321). She was a daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1282–1328) and Irene of Montferrat. In Medieval Serbia Simonida is best remembered as a patron of the Arts, Music and Literature.
Raritan River Greenway
The Raritan River Greenway is a proposed path in Somerset County, New Jersey that would link Branchburg Township to the East Coast Greenway with the Delaware and Raritan Canal trail in South Bound Brook. Raritan River Greenway is a priority park for Somerset County.

Raritan, New Jersey
Raritan is a borough in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,835, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 954 (+13.9%) from the 2010 census count of 6,881, which in turn had reflected an increase of 543 (+8.6%) from the 6,338 counted at the 2000 census.

The borough's name is derived from the Raritans, a Native American group of Lenape. The name of the tribe is said to mean "forked river", "stream overflows", or "point on a tidal river".
Remutaka Tunnel
The Remutaka Tunnel (spelled Rimutaka Tunnel before 2017) is a railway tunnel through New Zealand's Remutaka Range, between Maymorn, near Upper Hutt, and Featherston, on the Wairarapa Line.

The tunnel, which was opened to traffic on 3 November 1955, is 8.93 kilometres (5.55 mi) long. It was the longest tunnel in New Zealand, superseding the Otira Tunnel in the South Island until the completion of the Kaimai Tunnel 9.03 kilometres (5.61 mi) near Tauranga in 1978. Remutaka remains the longest tunnel in New Zealand with scheduled passenger trains.

Otira Tunnel
The Otira Tunnel is a railway tunnel on the Midland Line in the South Island of New Zealand, between Otira and Arthur's Pass. It runs under the Southern Alps from Arthur's Pass to Otira – a length of over 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi). The gradient is mainly 1 in 33, and the Otira end of the tunnel is over 250 m (820 ft) lower than the Arthur's Pass end.
Shouning
Shouning County (simplified Chinese: 寿宁县; traditional Chinese: 壽寧縣; pinyin: Shòuníng Xiàn; Foochow Romanized: Sêu-nìng-gâing) is a small county located in the northeast of Fujian province of People's Republic of China, bordering Zhejiang province to the northeast. It is under the jurisdiction of Ningde City,  An Eastern Min dialect of Min Chinese (similar to the Fuzhou dialect) is spoken there.

There are a number of covered bridges located there, and of the 100 or so woven timber arch "lounge bridges" throughout China, Shouning County has 19. The county hosted the second international conference on Chinese covered bridges from September 20 to 23, 2007.

Beilu opera (also called Luantan), a variety of Min opera, is popular in Shouning County.

The county spans an area of 1,433 square kilometres (553 sq mi), and has a population of about 177,960 as of 2020.

Ningde
Ningde, previously romanized as Ningteh and Ning-Taik, is a city located along the northeastern coast of Fujian, China. It borders the provincial capital of Fuzhou City to the south, Wenzhou Prefecture of Zhejiang to the north, and Nanping to the west.

The prefecture-level Ningde City administers 1 district, 2 cities, 6 counties, as well as 124 towns, townships and subdistricts. Listed below are the district, cities and counties, first four of which are coastal whereas the rest are located in mountainous areas.

Situated roughly 300 kilometres (190 mi) north of the Tropic of Cancer, the prefecture of Ningde spans 13,500 square kilometres (5,200 sq mi) in land area. Like the rest of the province, Ningde sits in a mountainous region but it also enjoys almost 200 kilometres (120 mi) of coastline facing the East China Sea. Ningde is listed No.2 in China Integrated City Index 2016's environmental ranking, a study conducted by the National Development and Reform Commission.
Septimia gens
The gens Septimia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome.  The gens first appears in history towards the close of the Republic, and they did not achieve much importance until the latter half of the second century, when Lucius Septimius Severus obtained the imperial dignity.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
63rd Infantry Division "Cirene"
The 63rd Infantry Division "Cirene" (Italian: 63ª Divisione di fanteria "Cirene") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The division was formed on 1 October 1937 in Benghazi in Italian Libya and named for the nearby antique city of Cyrene (Cirene). The division's regimental depots were in mainland Italy in Liguria and shared with the 37th Infantry Division "Modena", with both divisions recruiting their troops from and training them there. The Cirene was classified as an auto-transportable division, meaning it had some motorized transport, but not enough to move the entire division at once. The division was destroyed on 5 January 1941 during the Battle of Bardia.

Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy
The Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy were the military insignia used by the Italian Armed Forces when Italy was the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946). During the World Wars, the Carabinieri, as the then-most senior corps of the Army, wore similar insignia to those used by the rest of the service.
Josi S. Kilpack
Josi S. Kilpack (born May 26, 1974) is an American novelist. She has authored 26 books, including a 13 book culinary mystery series. She is the recipient of a Whitney Award from LDStorymakers, a guild for authors who are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (of which she is a member) and has been awarded the Best of State in fiction in the state of Utah.

Deseret Book Company
Deseret Book (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is an American publishing company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, that also operates a chain of 38 bookstores throughout the United States which includes: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Washington.  It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation (DMC), the holding company for business firms owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Deseret Book is a for-profit corporation registered in Utah. Deseret Book publishes under four imprints with media ranging from works explaining Latter-day Saint theology and doctrine, fiction, electronic resources, and sound recordings such, as The Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square albums.
Diocese of Kalmar
The Diocese of Kalmar (Swedish: Kalmar stift) was a division of the Church of Sweden between 1603 and 1915, when it was merged into the diocese of Växjö in order to allow the new diocese of Luleå to be formed. It was created as a subdivision to the diocese of Linköping, and was under the supervision of a superintendent. Only in 1678 was a bishop appointed, and Kalmar cathedral became an episcopal see in the term proper. Till this day, the cathedral of Kalmar retain its rank despite no longer being the seat of a bishopric.

Diocese of Växjö
The Diocese of Växjö (Swedish: Växjö stift) is one of 13 dioceses within the Lutheran Church of Sweden. Its episcopal see is located in the city of Växjö. The diocese was established in the 12th century as a Roman Catholic bishopric, but was taken over by the Church of Sweden as a result of the Protestant Reformation in Sweden.

The Lutheran Diocese of Växjö is situated in southern Sweden and includes most of the county of Jönköping at its north end, the southern and central parts of the county of Kalmar, the island of Öland in the east, the county of Kronoberg in the south, and a small part of the county of Halland in the west. The diocese consists of 249 parishes, and has the highest church attendance in Sweden.
1873 Washington and Lee Generals football team
The 1873 Washington and Lee Generals football team represented the Washington and Lee University in the 1873 college football season, the school's first season of football.  Their four-game season featured four wins over VMI including its earliest victory and the first game in the South, a 4–2 win. The team has no known coach.

1873 VMI Keydets football team
The 1873 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in the 1873 college football season, the school's first season of football.  Their four-game season featured a 2–4 loss to Washington & Lee. The team had no known coach.
Baldwin, Arkansas
Baldwin is a former unincorporated community in Fayetteville Township, Washington County, Arkansas, United States. It has since been annexed by Fayetteville. It is located in east Fayetteville along Huntsville Road near Lake Sequoyah toward Elkins.

Elkins, Arkansas
Elkins is a city in Washington County, Arkansas, United States. The community is located in the Boston Mountains, deep in the Ozark Mountains. A combination of the former unincorporated communities of Harris and Hood, Elkins was established in 1964.

Located immediately east of Fayetteville in the Northwest Arkansas metropolitan statistical area, Elkins had a population of 3,602 as of the 2020 census.
Richard Wagner Monument
The Richard Wagner Monument (German: Richard-Wagner-Denkmal) is a memorial sculpture of Richard Wagner by Gustav Eberlein, located in Tiergarten in Berlin, Germany. It was created during 1901–1903 and is installed along Tiergartenstraße across from the Indian Embassy. It depicts Wagner in a seated pose and is covered by a roof.

Tiergarten (park)
The Tiergarten (German: [ˈtiːɐ̯ˌɡaʁtn̩] ⓘ, English: Animal Garden), formal German name: Großer  Tiergarten (English: Greater Animal Garden, or deer park, game hunting park), is a prominent park in Berlin's inner-city area, located completely in the district of the same name. It is one of the most popular parks in the city and at 210 hectares (520 acres) in size, is among the largest urban gardens in Germany. Only the Tempelhofer Park (previously Berlin's Tempelhof airport) and Munich's Englischer Garten are larger.
Dumbrăveni, Suceava
Dumbrăveni is a commune located in Suceava County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Dumbrăveni and Sălăgeni.

The commune is located in the eastern part of Suceava County, 14 km (8.7 mi) from the county seat, Suceava, on the border with Botoșani County. The Suceava Ștefan cel Mare International Airport is 10 km (6.2 mi) to the northwest, in neighboring Salcea. Dumbrăveni is crossed by national road DN29 (part of European route E58), which connects Suceava to Botoșani.

In the early 20th century, Dumbrăveni was erroneously regarded by many as the birthplace of Mihai Eminescu, Romania's national poet. The last lines of his philosophical poem, Out of All the Masts, were engraved on a commemorative monument, erected by politician Leon Ghica on his estate in the village.

Salcea
Salcea is a town in Suceava County, in the Western Moldavia region of northeastern Romania, with a population of 9,513. It administers four villages: Mereni, Plopeni, Prelipca, and Văratec. Salcea was declared a town in 2004.

The town is located at about 11 km (6.8 mi) east of Suceava and it is best known for the Suceava Airport located nearby.
Comparison of version-control software
The following tables describe attributes of notable version control and software configuration management (SCM) systems that can be used to compare and contrast the various systems.

For SCM software not suitable for source code, see Comparison of open-source configuration management software.

Comparison of open-source configuration management software
This is a comparison of notable free and open-source configuration management software, suitable for tasks like server configuration, orchestration and infrastructure as code typically performed by a system administrator.
Siege of Ahmednagar (1558–1559)
Siege of Ahmednagar (1558–1559)  was a military engagement between Ahmadnagar Sultanate and Vijayanagara Empire. In the 1558 Vijayanagara along with its allies Bijapur, Bidar and Golconda besieged the fort of Ahmednagar. The siege continued for more than 2 months but the imperialist weren't able to capture the fort. In the end Hussain Nizam Shah I sued for peace because even tho fort wasn't conquered they were struggling for resources. Rama Raya accepted the treaty thus Kalyani was ceded to Bijapur and peace was established.

Ali Adil Shah I
Ali Adil Shah I (Persian: علی عادل شاه; died 9 April 1580) was the fifth Sultan of the Bijapur Sultanate.

On the day of his coronation Ali abandoned the Sunni practices and reintroduced the Shia Khutbah and other practices. The Persian doctors of religion were granted full freedom to preach the Shi’ah doctrine and were paid by the State for their missionary activities.

The new Sultan restored back to power the Afāqis while relegating the Deccanis to a position of insignificance. He subverted all the dogmatic experiments which his father had practiced.