hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
First Presbyterian Church (Glasgow, Kentucky)
The First Presbyterian Church in Glasgow, Kentucky is a historic church at Washington and Broadway which was built in 1853.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

The First Presbyterian Church was founded in 1803.  Its 1853 brick building, at the original site for the church, is the oldest church building in Glasgow, and one of few Gothic Revival-style structures.  It has pilasters, Gothic arches, a wood bell tower, and common bond brickwork.

Glasgow, Kentucky
Glasgow is a home rule-class city in Barren County, Kentucky, United States. It is the seat of its county. Glasgow is the principal city of the Glasgow micropolitan area, which comprises Barren and Metcalfe counties. The population was 15,014 at the 2020 U.S. census.

The city is well known for its annual Scottish Highland Games. In 2007, Barren County was named the number one rural place to live by The Progressive Farmer magazine.
Parnassius hide
Parnassius hide is a high-altitude butterfly which is found in China. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (Parnassius) of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. The species was first described by Satoshi Koiwaya in 1987.

Parnassius
Parnassius is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also exhibit altitudinal melananism, a high-altitude adaptation. They have dark bodies and darker coloring at the base of their wings, which allows them to absorb solar energy more quickly.

Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the Parnassius species possesses tails.

The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon.
Inferno (Motörhead album)
Inferno is the seventeenth studio album by British rock band Motörhead, released on 22 June 2004. It was their eighth with the Steamhammer label, and second under Sanctuary Records and its subsidiary Metal-Is in North America and certain territories.

Phil Campbell (musician)
Philip Anthony Campbell (born 7 May 1961) is a Welsh rock musician, best known as the guitarist in Motörhead from 1984 until its disbandment 2015 upon the death of founder and frontman Lemmy. He currently tours with his own band Phil Campbell and the Bastard Sons, featuring his three sons.
Araucaria araucana
Araucaria araucana, commonly called the pewen, monkey-puzzle, pehuen or piñonero or Chile pine, is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Araucariaceae and growing to a height of 30–40 m (98–131 ft) and a trunk diameter of 1–1.5 m (3.3–4.9 ft). Native to central and southern Chile and western Argentina, it is the hardiest species in the conifer genus Araucaria.

It is also the official tree of Chile and of the neighboring Argentine province of Neuquén. The IUCN changed its conservation status to Endangered in 2013, because logging, forest fires, and grazing have caused its population to dwindle.

Pine nut
Pine nuts, also called piñón (Spanish: [piˈɲon]), pinoli (Italian: [piˈnɔːli]), or pignoli, are the edible seeds of pines (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, only 29 species provide edible nuts, while 20 are traded locally or internationally owing to their seed size being large enough to be worth harvesting; in other pines, the seeds are also edible but are too small to be of notable value as human food. The biggest exporters of pine nuts are China, Russia, North Korea, Pakistan and Afghanistan.

As pines are gymnosperms, not angiosperms (flowering plants), pine nuts are not "true nuts"; they are not botanical fruits, the seed not being enclosed in an ovary which develops into the fruit, but simply bare seeds—"gymnosperm" meaning literally "naked seed" (from Ancient Greek: γυμνός, romanized: gymnos, lit. 'naked' and σπέρμα, sperma, 'seed'). The similarity of pine nuts to some angiosperm fruits is an example of convergent evolution.
Tylopilus nebulosus
Tylopilus nebulosus is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae found in eastern North America. It was originally described by Charles Horton Peck in 1898 as a species of Boletus, from collections made in Ray Brook, New York. Carl B. Wolfe transferred it to the genus Tylopilus in 1980.

Tylopilus
Tylopilus is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from Boletus. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (Tylopilus felleus), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species T. alboater. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces.
Lake Fork Mohican River
The Lake Fork is a tributary of the Mohican River, 14.7 miles (23.7 km) long, in north-central Ohio in the United States.  Via the Mohican, Walhonding, Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 344 square miles (890 km2).

The Lake Fork is formed by the confluence of the Jerome Fork and the Muddy Fork in southeastern Ashland County, and flows generally south-southwestwardly into northwestern Holmes County, where it joins the Mohican River, about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of Loudonville.

In Ashland County, a 1936 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam causes the river to form Mohicanville Lake.

Walhonding River
The Walhonding River is a principal tributary of the Muskingum River, 23.5 miles (37.8 km) long, in east-central Ohio in the United States.  Via the Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.  It drains an area of 2,252 square miles (5,830 km2).

The Walhonding flows for its entire length in Coshocton County.  It is formed by the confluence of the Mohican River and the Kokosing River and flows generally east-southeast, passing through Mohawk Dam, which was built in the 1930s by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the purpose of flood control in the Muskingum River watershed, and through the towns of Nellie and Warsaw.  Downstream of Warsaw it collects Killbuck Creek.  It meets the Tuscarawas River at the city of Coshocton to form the Muskingum River.
Never Too Old
"Never Too Old" is the final episode of the ninth and final series of the British television sitcom Dad's Army. It was originally broadcast on Sunday, 13 November 1977, the same day of the Remembrance Sunday 1977 Commemorations.

Lance Corporal Jones
Lance Corporal Jack Jones is a fictional Home Guard platoon lance corporal and veteran of the British Empire, first portrayed by Clive Dunn in the BBC television sitcom Dad's Army. His catchphrases are "Don't panic!", "Permission to speak, sir?" and "They don't like it up 'em!". Jones also often recounts, at length, his past military experiences, particularly those in Sudan and India and gives a glimpse to the military traditions and events in the concluding years of the 19th century.
2025 Girls' EuroHockey U18 Championship
The 2025 Girls' EuroHockey U18 Championship is the 13th edition of the Girls' EuroHockey U18 Championship, the biennial international women's under-18 field hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation.

The tournament is held alongside the boys' tournament at Lille MHC in Lille, France from 13 to 19 July 2025. Germany are the defending champions.

Girls' EuroHockey U18 Championship
The Girls' EuroHockey U18 Championship is a biennial European field hockey competition for girls' under-18 national teams organized by the European Hockey Federation.

The Championship sees the eight highest-ranked teams contesting the title. The competition take place every two years in the odd-numbered years. Teams ranked 9th to 16th will compete in Championship II, the next level competes in Championship III.

Germany and the Netherlands are the only two countries to have won the title.
Ravenstone, Buckinghamshire
Ravenstone is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. The village is about 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Olney, and 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Newport Pagnell and about 10 miles (16 km) from Central Milton Keynes. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 209.

Central Milton Keynes
Central Milton Keynes is the central business district of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is a civil parish in its own right, with a town council, making it one of the constituent towns of the city.

The district is approximately 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long by 1 km (0.6 mi) wide and occupies some of the highest land in the city. It contains (behind the Central Library) the historic site of the moot hill for Secklow (or Sigelai) Hundred. It is the site of the central retail, business, law enforcement and governmental districts, Milton Keynes Central railway station and around 2,000 residential dwellings.
The Parallax II: Future Sequence
The Parallax II: Future Sequence is the sixth studio album by the American progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me, released on October 9, 2012. The album's concept is the continuation of the band's 2011 EP The Parallax: Hypersleep Dialogues. Paul Waggoner and Dustie Waring (guitars) described it as being their favorite release up to now, being mature, dynamic, and with various metal influences from 1970's progressive rock, to jazz and fusion.

Dan Briggs (musician)
Daniel Hanford Briggs (born September 27, 1984) is a musician from Erie, Pennsylvania, best known for playing bass and keyboards for the American progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me.

In addition to his bass duties with Between the Buried and Me, he also plays bass for jazz fusion band Trioscapes and progressive rock band Nova Collective as well as both guitar and bass in the band Orbs. He is a vegan and straight edge.

Dan uses Spector NS-5XL bass guitars with D'Addario EXL160-5 nickel wound strings, a Fender-reissued Sunn 300T amp and an Ampeg SVT-810E.
Dan states that he chose a Spector over other bass guitars because he got it at the age of 16 and it was the "nicest bass in my price range." The Spector Bass guitar has stock EMGs and is tuned in C# Standard. Regarding guitar playing, Briggs has stated, "I never use the pick as I learned with my fingers."
Extremal optimization
Extremal optimization (EO) is an optimization heuristic inspired by the Bak–Sneppen model of self-organized criticality from the field of statistical physics. This heuristic was designed initially to address combinatorial optimization problems such as the travelling salesman problem and spin glasses, although the technique has been demonstrated to function in optimization domains.

Heuristic (computer science)
In mathematical optimization and computer science, heuristic (from Greek εὑρίσκω eurísko "I find, discover") is a technique designed for problem solving more quickly when classic methods are too slow for finding an exact or approximate solution, or when classic methods fail to find any exact solution in a search space.  This is achieved by trading optimality, completeness, accuracy, or precision for speed.  In a way, it can be considered a shortcut.

A heuristic function, also simply called a heuristic, is a function that ranks alternatives in search algorithms at each branching step based on available information to decide which branch to follow. For example, it may approximate the exact solution.
Poplar River Power Station
Poplar River Power Station is a coal-fired station owned by SaskPower, located near Coronach, Saskatchewan, Canada, approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the Canada–US border.

The project to build the station was launched in the fall of 1974, with the Morrison Dam being constructed between 1975 and 1977 to provide cooling water for the station. Morrison Dam was built along the course of the East Poplar River. Work on the powerhouse began in 1975. The single stack is 122 metres (400 ft) in height. The lignite used to power the station is supplied from Westmoreland Mining's Poplar River Coal Mine.

Sask Power anticipates that the power station will be shut down by 2030.

SaskPower
Saskatchewan Power Corporation, operating as SaskPower, is the principal electric utility in Saskatchewan, Canada. Established in 1929 by the provincial government, it serves more than 550,000 customers and manages nearly $13 billion in assets. SaskPower is a major employer in the province with over 3,100 permanent full-time staff located in approximately 70 communities.
2012–13 West Ham United F.C. season
The 2012–13 season was West Ham United's first season back in the Premier League after a one-year absence. West Ham gained promotion by winning the 2012 Championship play-off final against Blackpool at the end of the 2011–12 campaign.

2011–12 West Ham United F.C. season
The 2011–12 season was West Ham United's first season back in the Football League Championship, after being relegated from the Premier League at the conclusion of 2010–11 campaign. They also competed in the League Cup and the FA Cup. It was their first season under Sam Allardyce, who was appointed in May 2011 after the sacking of the club's previous manager, Avram Grant. On 19 May 2012, West Ham gained promotion back to the Premier League at the first attempt, as they won the play-off final by defeating Blackpool 2–1 at Wembley.
John Ravenscroft (composer)
John Ravenscroft (c. 1665 – 12 October 1697), also known as Giovanni Ravenscroft and Giovanni Rederi, was an English violinist and composer of the Baroque era, who moved to Rome. He was possibly a pupil of Arcangelo Corelli, by whom he was strongly influenced, and around the middle of the 18th century some of Ravenscroft's trio sonatas were misattributed to Corelli. He is not to be confused with the English wait John Ravenscroft (fl. c. 1730).

John Hawkins (author)
Sir John Hawkins (29 March 1719 – 21 May 1789) was an English writer and friend of Dr Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole. He was part of Johnson's various clubs but later left The Literary Club after a disagreement with some of Johnson's other friends. His friendship with Johnson continued and he was made one of the executors of Johnson's will.

During his life, he wrote many works, including A General History of the Science and Practice of Music and his Life of Samuel Johnson in memory of his friend. He was appointed as a magistrate and later became Chairman of the Quarter Session for Middlesex. He was knighted in 1772 for his services.
Foum Zguid
Foum Zguid (Arabic: فم زڭيد, lit. 'mouth of the Zguid river') is a town in Tata Province, Souss-Massa, southeastern Morocco. According to a 2004 census, it had a population of 9,630, the second-highest in the province after the capital Tata.

Foum Zguid is situated on the N12 highway to the northeast of Tata. Iriqui National Park is to the south of Foum Zguid, as is the border with Algeria, but no roads lead to either.

Tata, Morocco
Tata (Arabic: طاطا, Berber languages: ⵟⴰⵟⴰ) is a city in central Morocco with a population of 18,611 according to the country's 2014 census. It is the largest city in Tata Province.

It is situated on a desert plain of the Sahara Desert, southeast of Agadir and Taroudant, close to the Algerian border and the mountain range Anti-Atlas, located at the foot of the Bani mountain range, a lower range along the southern side of the Anti-Atlas (Arabic: سلسلة جبال باني). Tourists use the town as a base for excursions in the area. Tata lies on the N12 highway between the north-east of the regional capital Guelmim and the south of the neighboring region of Drâa-Tafilalet. Due to the remoteness of the area, there is no border crossing with Algeria.
Seymour Geisser
Seymour Geisser (October 5, 1929 – March 11, 2004) was an American statistician noted for emphasizing predictive inference. In his book Predictive Inference: An Introduction, he held that conventional statistical inference about unobservable population parameters amounts to inference about things that do not exist, following the work of Bruno de Finetti. He also pioneered the theory of cross-validation.

With Samuel Greenhouse, he developed the Greenhouse–Geisser correction, which is now widely used in the analysis of variance to correct for violations of the assumption of compound symmetry.

He testified as an expert on interpretation of DNA evidence in more than 100 civil and criminal trials.  He held that prosecutors often relied on flawed statistical models. On that topic, he wrote "Statistics, Litigation and Conduct Unbecoming" in the book Statistical Science in the Courtroom, edited by Joe [Joseph Louis] Gastwirth (Springer Verlag, 2000).

Bruno de Finetti
Bruno de Finetti (13 June 1906 – 20 July 1985) was an Italian probabilist statistician and actuary, noted for the "operational subjective" conception of probability. The classic exposition of his distinctive theory is the 1937 "La prévision: ses lois logiques, ses sources subjectives", which discussed probability founded on the coherence of betting odds and the consequences of exchangeability.
Danny Johnson (ice hockey)
Daniel Douglas Johnson (October 1, 1944 – March 6, 1993) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who spent three seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) and another three seasons in the World Hockey Association (WHA) during the 1970s. He was a member of the Vancouver Canucks' inaugural NHL team in 1970.

Central Hockey League (1963–1984)
The Central Professional Hockey League was a minor professional ice hockey league that operated in the United States from 1963 to 1984. Named the Central Hockey League for the 1968–69 season and forward, it was owned and operated by the National Hockey League and served as a successor to the Eastern Professional Hockey League, which had folded after the 1962–63 season.  Four of the CHL's initial franchises were, in fact, relocations of the previous year's EPHL teams, while the fifth came from the International Hockey League. Its founding president was Jack Adams, who served in the role until his death in 1968. The CHL's championship trophy was called the Adams Cup in his honor.
Yunnan Open
The Yunnan Open was a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour, the China Tour and the PGA Tour China, held 2018 at the Kunming Yulongwan Golf Club in Yunnan Province, China. The tournament was co-sanctioned by the PGA Tour China and one of three events held in China on the 2018 Challenge Tour, along with the Hainan Open and the Foshan Open.

PGA Tour China
PGA Tour China was a third level professional golf tour formed in 2014 and operated by the PGA Tour. After a hiatus in 2017, the tour resumed in 2018. After canceling its entire 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the tour effectively ceased operation.
Gabriela Rivadeneira
Gabriela Alejandra Rivadeneira Burbano (born 25 July 1983) is an Ecuadorian politician. She was President of the National Assembly of Ecuador between May 2013 and May 2017. Previously she was Governor of Imbabura Province from 2011 to 2012.

She was the executive secretary of the PAIS Alliance between 1 May 2017 and 2018. During the Correa-Moreno split within PAIS, she sided with the former, leaving the party and becoming one of the leaders of the Citizen Revolution Movement.

2017 Ecuadorian general election
General elections were held in Ecuador on 19 February 2017 alongside a referendum on tax havens. Voters elected a new President and National Assembly. Incumbent President Rafael Correa of the PAIS Alliance was not eligible for re-election, having served three terms. In the first round of the presidential elections, PAIS Alliance candidate Lenín Moreno received 39% of the vote. Although he was more than 10% ahead of his nearest rival, Guillermo Lasso of the Creating Opportunities party, Moreno was just short of the 40% threshold required to avoid a run-off. As a result, a second round was held on 2 April. In the second round Moreno was elected president with 51.16% of the vote.
2008 Tennessee Senate election
The 2008 Tennessee State Senate election was held on November 4, 2008, to elect 16 of the 33 seats for the Tennessee's State Senate. The elections coincided with the Presidential, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and State House elections. The primary elections were held on August 7, 2008.

Republicans gained 3 seats, reclaiming and expanding their majority that they gained in 2004.

2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee
The 2008 congressional elections in Tennessee was held on November 4, 2008, to elect the 9 U.S. representatives from the state of Tennessee, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts.

Following the 2008 elections, no seats changed hands, leaving the Tennessee delegation at a 5-4 Democratic majority. As of 2026, this was the last time Democrats won a majority of congressional districts from Tennessee's House delegation, as well as the House popular vote.
Living Plume Shield (satellite)
The Living Plume Shield or LIPS were a set of three satellites launched on Atlas rockets as secondary payloads, the primary payload consisting of NOSS Satellites.

LIPS I, launched on 8 December 1980 on Atlas E/F serial number 68E, failed to reach orbit.

LIPS II, launched on 9 February 1983 on Atlas H serial number 6001H, is still operating. It carries a UHF single-channel transponder.

LIPS III, launched on 15 May 1987 on Atlas H serial number 6005H, is still operating. It weighs 138 pounds and has performed over 140 solar-cell experiments.

Each of the satellites was designed and tested in less than a year by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Spacecraft Engineering Department at their Payload Processing Facility in Washington, D.C.  As their name suggests, all three satellites were built by utilizing the plume shield that was used to deflect the exhaust of the upper-stage motor away from the primary payload and mounting experiments on the protected anterior surfaces.

Secondary payload
Secondary payload, also known as rideshare payload, is a smaller-sized payload transported to orbit on a launch vehicle that is mostly paid for—and with the date and time of launch and the orbital trajectory determined—by the entity that contracts and pays for the primary launch. As a result, the secondary payload typically obtains a substantially reduced price for transportation services to orbit, by accepting a trade off of the loss of control once the contract is signed and the payload is delivered to the launch vehicle supplier for integration to the launch vehicle.  These tradeoffs typically include having little or no control over the launch date/time, the final orbital parameters, or the ability to halt the launch and remove the payload should a payload failure occur during ground processing prior to launch, as the primary payload typically purchases all of these launch property rights via contract with the launch services provider.
Tamsen Donner
Tamsen Eustis Dozier Donner (November 1, 1801 – March 1847) was an American pioneer, most notable for her key role as a member of the infamous Donner Party. Donner was described as having been "a little woman" and "a good shot with a pistol". As the party encountered worsening conditions, she repeatedly refused to leave her dying husband, George Donner. She subsequently became the last victim to perish in the ordeal and possibly the last to be cannibalized.

Lewis Keseberg
Johann Ludwig Christian Keseberg (May 26, 1814 – 1895), also referred to as Lewis Keseberg, was a member of the Donner Party of 1846–1847. He was the last survivor to be rescued from the Donner campsite. His reputation and his involvement in cannibalism allowed him to be remembered as "the most infamous and vilified member of the Donner Party."