hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Accelerated curing
Accelerated curing is any method by which high early age strength is achieved in concrete. These techniques are especially useful in the prefabrication industry, wherein high early age strength enables the removal of the formwork within 24 hours, thereby reducing the cycle time, resulting in cost-saving benefits. The most commonly adopted curing techniques are steam curing at atmospheric pressure, warm water curing, boiling water curing and autoclaving.

A typical curing cycle involves a preheating stage, known as the "delay period" ranging from 2 to 5 hours; heating at the rate of 22 °C/hour or 44 °C/hour until a maximum temperature of 50−82 °C has been achieved; then maintaining at the maximum temperature, and finally the cooling period. The whole cycle should preferably not exceed 18 hours.

Formwork
Formwork is molds into which concrete or similar materials are either precast or cast-in-place. In the context of concrete construction, the falsework supports the shuttering molds.  In specialty applications formwork may be permanently incorporated into the final structure, adding insulation or helping reinforce the finished structure.
LaPerm
The LaPerm is a breed of cat. A LaPerm's fur is curly (hence the name "perm"), with the tightest curls being on the throat and on the base of the ears. LaPerms come in many colors and patterns. LaPerms generally have a very affectionate personality.

Outcrossing
Out-crossing or out-breeding is the technique of crossing between different breeds. This is the practice of introducing distantly related genetic material into a breeding line, thereby increasing genetic diversity.
RCW 120
RCW 120 is an emission nebula and H II region in the southern Milky Way and located some 4,300 light-years from Earth.

Its designation appears in the RCW Catalogue published in 1960, whose circular diameter size is 6 arcmin. It also catalogued as Sh 2-3 and Gum 58.

Veta S. Avedisova considers RCW 120 is being ionised by the O8 V star CD -38 11636 and places the nebula in the star formation region SFR 348.26+0.47 along with 3 Astrophysical maser CH87 347.386+0.266.

The Herschel infra-red telescope's image shows an embryonic star that is likely to become one of the brightest stars in our Galaxy at some time within the next few hundred thousand years. The star now appears about ten times more massive than the Sun and may grow much larger by accreting material from the surrounding gas and dust.

Gum catalog
The Gum catalog is an astronomical catalog of 84 emission nebulae in the southern sky. It was made by the Australian astronomer Colin Stanley Gum (1924-1960) at Mount Stromlo Observatory using wide field photography.  Gum published his findings in 1955 in a study entitled A study of diffuse southern H-alpha nebulae which presented a catalog of 84 nebulae or nebular complexes. Similar catalogs include the Sharpless catalog and the RCW catalog, and many of the Gum objects are repeated in these other catalogs. However, the RCW and Gum catalogs were mainly of the southern hemisphere (Mount Stromlo is in the southern hemisphere)

The Gum Nebula is named for Gum, who discovered it as Gum 12; it is an emission nebula that can be found in the southern constellations Vela and Puppis.
Mohan Prasad Sharma
Mohan Prasad Sharma (16 December 1934 – 19 January 2022) was a Nepalese judge who served as 12th Chief Justice of Nepal, in office from 13 April 1998 to 15 December 1999. He was appointed by the then-king of Nepal, Birendra. Sharma was preceded by Om Bhakta Shrestha and succeeded by Keshav Prasad Upadhyaya. He died on 19 January 2022, at the age of 87.

Chief Justice of Nepal
The chief justice of Nepal (Nepali: प्रधान न्यायाधीश) is the head of the judicial branch of Nepal and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Nepal. The chief justice is the highest judicial officer in the country, and acts as a chief administrative officer for all the judicial system. It is the fourth highest rank on the Order of precedence in Nepal.

The current chief justice is Prakash Man Singh Raut.
Ferenc Kazinczy
Ferenc Kazinczy (Hungarian: [ˈkɒzintsi ˈfɛrɛnt͡s]), (in older English: Francis Kazinczy, October 27, 1759 – August 23, 1831) was a Hungarian author, poet, translator, neologist, an agent in the regeneration of the Hungarian language and literature at the turn of the 19th century. Today his name is connected with the extensive Language Reform of the 19th century, when thousands of words were coined or revived, enabling the Hungarian language to keep up with scientific progress and become an official language of the nation in 1844. For his linguistic and literary works he is regarded as one of the cultural founders of the Hungarian Reform Era along with Dávid Baróti Szabó, Ferenc Verseghy, György Bessenyei, Mátyás Rát and János Kis.

Abaúj County
48°17′N 21°11′E﻿ / ﻿48.28°N 21.19°E﻿ / 48.28; 21.19
Abaúj (Latin: comitatus Abaujvariensis, Slovak: Abov, German: Neuburg or Abaujwar) is a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. In parts of the 19th century, and in the beginning of the 20th century, it was united with Torna County to form Abaúj-Torna (Slovak: Abov-Turňa) county. Its territory is now in eastern Slovakia and north-eastern Hungary. Today Abaúj and Abov are only informal designations of the corresponding territories in Hungary and Slovakia.
Trương Ba's Soul in the Butcher's Body
Trương Ba's Soul, Butcher's Body (Hồn Trương Ba, da hàng thịt) is a Vietnamese folk tale about a gentle gardener who dies, but because of the carelessness of the gods he is reborn in the body of an oafish butcher.

The most famous theatrical setting of the story is the 1985 play by Lưu Quang Vũ, translated by Lorelle Lee Browning Truong as Ba's Soul [in] the Butcher's Skin: A Play 1998.

Vietnamese fairy tales
Famous Vietnamese fairy tales include The Hundred-knot Bamboo Tree and The Story of Tấm and Cám. Various tales have been translated into English, as well as folk tales containing some elements of fairy tales.
Jeff Miller (Florida politician)
Jefferson Bingham Miller (born June 27, 1959) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Florida's 1st congressional district from 2001 to 2017. A member of the Republican Party, his district included all of Escambia County, Santa Rosa County, Okaloosa County, Walton County, Holmes County and Washington County.

United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Intelligence and Special Operations
The Subcommittee on Intelligence and Special Operations is a subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee in the U.S. House of Representatives. During the 112th Congress, it was known as the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities, and before that as the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and Capabilities. From the 113th–116th Congresses it was named the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities

The Chair of the subcommittee is Republican Ronny Jackson of Texas, and the Ranking Member is Democrat Jason Crow of Colorado.
Recursive self-improvement
Recursive self-improvement (RSI) is a process in which early artificial general intelligence (AGI) systems rewrite their own computer code, causing an intelligence explosion resulting from enhancing their own capabilities and intellectual capacity, theoretically resulting in  superintelligence.

The development of recursive self-improvement raises significant ethical and safety concerns, as such systems may evolve in unforeseen ways and could potentially surpass human control or understanding.

AI safety
AI safety is an interdisciplinary field focused on preventing accidents, misuse, or other harmful consequences arising from artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It encompasses AI alignment (which aims to ensure AI systems behave as intended), monitoring AI systems for risks, and enhancing their robustness. The field is particularly concerned with existential risks posed by advanced AI models.

Beyond technical research, AI safety involves developing norms and policies that promote safety, including advocacy for regulations at different levels of government. The field gained significant popularity in 2023, with rapid progress in generative AI and public concerns voiced by researchers and CEOs about potential dangers. During the 2023 AI Safety Summit, the United States and the United Kingdom both established their own AI Safety Institute. However, researchers have expressed concern that AI safety measures are not keeping pace with the rapid development of AI capabilities.
Peer exchange
Peer exchange, or PEX, is a communications protocol that augments the BitTorrent file sharing protocol. It allows a group of users (or peers) that are collaborating to share a given file to do so more swiftly and efficiently.

In the original design of the BitTorrent file sharing protocol, peers (users) in a file sharing group (known as a swarm) relied upon a central server, called a tracker, to find each other and to maintain the swarm. PEX greatly reduces the reliance of peers on a tracker by allowing each peer to directly update others in the swarm as to which peers are currently in the swarm. By reducing dependency on a centralized tracker, PEX increases the speed, efficiency, and robustness of the BitTorrent protocol.

Vuze
Vuze (previously Azureus) is a BitTorrent client used to transfer files via the BitTorrent protocol. Vuze is written in Java, and uses the Azureus Engine. In addition to downloading data linked to  .torrent files, Azureus allows users to view, publish and share original DVD and HD quality video content. Content is presented through channels and categories containing TV shows, music videos, movies, video games, series and others.

Azureus was first released in June 2003 at SourceForge.net, mostly to experiment with the Standard Widget Toolkit from Eclipse. It later became one of the most popular BitTorrent clients. The Azureus software was released under the GNU General Public License, and remains as a free software application. It was among the most popular BitTorrent clients. However, the Vuze software added in more recent versions is proprietary and users are required to accept these more restrictive license terms.
Cantieri Aeronautici e Navali Triestini
CANT (Cantieri Aeronautici e Navali Triestini, the Trieste Shipbuilding and Naval Aeronautics; also sometimes labelled C.R.D.A. CANT) was an Italian aviation company which originally specialised in building naval aircraft, formed in 1923 as part of the CNT (Cantiere Navale Triestino, or in English Trieste Naval Shipyard). The company produced a number of designs for the Italian military, but ceased operations in 1944.

CANT 10
The CANT 10 was a flying boat airliner produced in Italy in the 1920s. It was a conventional biplane design with single-bay, unstaggered wings of equal span, having seating for four passengers within the hull, while the pilot sat in an open cockpit. The engine was mounted in pusher configuration in the interplane gap.
Le Petit Journal (TV programme)
Le Petit Journal (pronounced [lə pəti ʒuʁnal]) is a French news and entertainment television program that airs every weekday on Canal+, presented by Cyrille Eldin. It was hosted by journalist Yann Barthès from its beginnings in 2004 through to June 2016. The program initially aired as a segment of Le Grand Journal until 2011, when it became a separate program. Eldin took over the show after Barthès left Canal+ to start a new programme on TF1 named Quotidien.

Le Grand Journal (French TV program)
Le Grand Journal is a French nightly news and talk show television program that aired on Canal+ every weekday evening from 19:10 to 20:20. It debuted on August 30, 2004 and was created and hosted by Michel Denisot, succeeded by Antoine de Caunes and then later by Maïtena Biraben. Victor Robert took on the reins from 2016 to the program's end in 2017. Originally a one-hour program, it expanded to two hours in 2005. Even though the program was broadcast on the premium channel Canal+, it was a non-encrypted program.

The program features news, talk, weather and comedy. It is produced by KM Productions for Canal+ and broadcast from the Studios Rive Gauche on Quai André-Citroën in Paris.
2023 Layjet Open
The 2023 Layjet Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 1st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bad Waltersdorf, Austria between 18 and 24 September 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Khorastava
Khorastava is an agrotown in Salihorsk district, Minsk region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Khorastava rural council. It is situated 49 kilometres (30 mi) from Salihorsk and 180 kilometres (110 mi) from the capital Minsk. 
In the interbellum it was located in Second Polish Republic, in the Polesie Voivodeship, in the Łunin County, in the Sosnkowicze commune.
In 2003, it had a population of 917.

Salihorsk district
Salihorsk district (Belarusian: Салігорскі раён, romanized: Salihorski rajon; Russian: Солигорский район) is a district (raion) of Minsk region in Belarus. The administrative center of the district is Salihorsk. As of 2024, it has a population of 126,495.
Jerry Was a Man
"Jerry Was a Man" (1947) is a short story by American writer Robert A. Heinlein. It is about an attempt by a genetically modified chimpanzee to achieve human rights. The main theme of the story is civil liberties, in this case extended towards a group of genetically enhanced chimpanzees to allow them equal rights under the law.

The story was originally published in Thrilling Wonder Stories, October 1947, and is collected in the book Assignment in Eternity.

Great ape personhood
Great ape personhood is a movement to extend personhood and some legal protections to the non-human members of the great ape family: bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.

Advocates include primatologists Jane Goodall and Dawn Prince-Hughes, evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, philosophers Paola Cavalieri and Peter Singer, and legal scholar Steven Wise.
Luciana Servo
Luciana Mendes Santos Servo is a Brazilian economist and researcher. Servo has been the President of the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA) since February 2023 when she was appointed by the Minister of Planning Simone Tebet.

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. The IBGE performs a decennial national census; questionnaires account for information such as age, household income, literacy, education, occupation and hygiene levels.

The IBGE is a public institute created in 1936 under the name National Institute of Statistics. Its founder and chief proponent was statistician Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The current name dates from 1938. Its headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, and its current president is Marcio Pochmann, replacing Eduardo Rios Neto. It was made a federal agency by the Federal Decree-Law No. 161 of February 13, 1967, and is linked to the Ministry of the Economy, inside the Secretariat of Planning, Budget and Management.
DeKalb Commercial Body Corporation
The DeKalb Commercial Body Corporation, formerly known as the Sycamore Wagon Works, DeKalb Wagon Company, and DeKalb Commercial Body Company, is a defunct manufacturer of wagons and vocational truck bodies.

Milk float
A milk float is a vehicle specifically designed for the delivery of fresh milk. Today, milk floats are usually battery electric vehicles, but they were formerly horse-drawn floats. They were once common in many European countries, particularly the United Kingdom, and were operated by local dairies. However, in recent years, as the number of supermarkets, small independent grocers and petrol stations, and convenience stores stocking fresh milk has increased, many people have switched from regular home delivery to obtaining fresh milk from these other sources.
Mizpah Tertullien
Mizpah Tertullien (1930 - 2015) was a psychologist and senator of the Bahamas.

Tertullien grew up on Ragged Island and graduated from the state high school. She ran as the Progressive Liberal Party in 1972 (losing to Sir Roland Symonette. She subsequently served as a senator for ten years.

She died on 29 May 2015, receiving a state funeral at St. Francis Xavier Cathedral, West Hill. The Prime Minister Perry Christie said she "contributed significantly to the development of the modern Bahamas in a variety of spheres", praising her political activism and career in law and media.

Perry Christie
Perry Gladstone Christie PC, MP (born 21 August 1943) is a Bahamian former politician who served as prime minister of the Bahamas from 2002 to 2007 and from 2012 to 2017. He is the second longest-serving Bahamian elected parliamentarian (behind Sir Roland Symonette who was first elected to parliament in 1925 and served until 1977), representing the Centreville constituency from 1977 to 2017. He is also a former athlete. His Progressive Liberal Party is the oldest Bahamian political party, holding solid majorities in the Bahamian Parliament several times in its long history.
Harbour Esplanade
Harbour Esplanade is a waterfront street and thoroughfare in Docklands, an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It runs roughly north–south from Navigation Drive in the south to Docklands Drive in the north. The road also forms the eastern boundary of the Victoria Harbour inlet and is adjacent to Victoria Dock.

The esplanade is a core element of the Docklands urban renewal precinct and is known for housing Docklands Stadium and several converted dock buildings that now serve as pubs and function spaces. Harbour Esplanade is also the location of office buildings and restaurants, whilst the Capital City Trail runs parallel along some of its length.

It has been described as Melbourne's waterfront boulevard and its future potential is compared to the successful Circular Quay in Sydney.

Capital City Trail
The Capital City Trail is a shared use path in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, which circles the city centre and some inner eastern and northern suburbs. It is 29 km in length, and mostly consists of sections of other trails, such as the Merri Creek Trail, Main Yarra Trail, Moonee Ponds Creek Trail and Inner Circle Rail Trail.

A popular starting point for the trail is at Princes Bridge near Flinders Street station. The rider can head off in an easterly or westerly direction. If heading off in the westerly, either side of the river can be used, but the south side tends to be more popular, particularly amongst walkers and runners.

The Capital City Trail uses the same path as the Main Yarra Trail up to Dights Falls, where it continues, using the same path as the Merri Creek Trail, as part of its loop around the city.
Rainagar railway station
Rainagar railway station is a railway station of Bankura–Masagram line under the Adra railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Raina in Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Adra railway division
Adra railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 14 April 1961 and its headquarter is located at Adra town in Purulia district of West Bengal. The Divisional Railway Managers building was established in the year of 1913 which has completed its 100 years in 2013. It was earlier the headquarter of Adra district in BNR.

Kharagpur railway division, Chakradharpur railway division and Ranchi railway division are the other three railway divisions under SER Zone headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata.
Mittelstrimmig
Mittelstrimmig is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Zell, whose seat is in the municipality of Zell an der Mosel.

Philip the Apostle
Philip the Apostle (Greek: Φίλιππος; Aramaic: ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲗⲓⲡⲡⲟⲥ, Philippos) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Carthage, Greece, Syria, and Asia-Minor.

In the Roman Rite, the feast day of Philip, along with that of James the Less, is traditionally observed on 1 May, the anniversary of the dedication of the church dedicated to them in Rome (now called the Church of the Twelve Apostles). In the short-lived calendar reform of 1960, it was transferred to 11 May, but since 1969 it has been assigned to 3 May. The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates Philip's feast day on 14 November.
Irwindale, California
Irwindale is a city in the San Gabriel Valley, in Los Angeles County, California.  The population was 1,472 at the 2020 census, 1,422 at the 2010 census. The ZIP Codes serving the area are 91010, which is shared with Duarte, 91702, which is shared with Azusa, and 91706, which is shared with Baldwin Park.

Gravel pits in and near the city supplied most of the rock and sand to build the highways of nearby Los Angeles. Huy Fong sriracha, a popular hot sauce, is made in the city. Since 2005, the city has hosted the annual Renaissance Pleasure Faire of Southern California.

Most housing is in the southeastern portion of the city, near Arrow Highway and north of Cypress Street near Irwindale Avenue. There is also an isolated tract of housing on the southeastern corner of Meridian Street in the northwestern portion of the city.

Sriracha
Sriracha (/siːˈrɑːtʃə/ ⓘ see-RAH-chə or /sɪˈrɑːtʃə/ ⓘ si-RAH-chə; Thai: ศรีราชา, pronounced [sǐːrāːtɕʰāː] ⓘ) is a type of hot sauce or chili sauce made from a paste of chili peppers, distilled vinegar, pickled garlic, sugar, and salt. It was first produced in 1932 by a native of Si Racha, a town and district of Thailand, though it may have been based on older Cantonese recipes.
1994–95 Detroit Red Wings season
The 1994–95 Detroit Red Wings season was the Red Wings' 63rd season, the franchise's 69th. The Red Wings started the 1994–95 season and finished it equally strong, compiling a record of 33–11–4 for 70 points in 48 games. With the league's best regular-season record, they earned the Presidents' Trophy. They tied the Chicago Blackhawks for most power-play goals with 52 and had the second-best power-play in the league (24.64%). Veteran forward Ray Sheppard netted 30 goals on just 125 shots.

Presidents' Trophy
The Presidents' Trophy (French: Trophée des présidents) is an award presented by the National Hockey League (NHL) to the team that finishes with the best record (i.e., most points) during the regular season. The Presidents' Trophy has been awarded 37 times to 18 different teams since its inception during the 1985–86 NHL season.

The trophy winner is guaranteed home-ice advantage for the first round of the Stanley Cup playoffs, but winning the award does not assure playoff success, as only eight winners have gone on to win the Stanley Cup; three Presidents' Trophy winners have been defeated in the Stanley Cup Final. However, the team winning the trophy has won the Cup more than any other playoff seed. The most recent team to win both the trophy and the Stanley Cup in the same season is the 2012–13 Chicago Blackhawks; the only team to accomplish this feat more than once is the Detroit Red Wings (2002 and 2008).