hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Teufaiva Sport Stadium
Teufaiva Sport Stadium which was previously known as Tenefaira Field Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga. It is used mostly for rugby union, football and rugby league and the Ikale Tahi team matches. The stadium holds 10,000 people. It is the home ground of the Tonga national rugby union team. Teufaiva is where the Secondary School sports in Tonga are held (every year).

The stadium fell into disrepair in the early 2000s and was unused for eight years. It was reopened after being refurbished in 2017, but badly damaged by Cyclone Gita just a few months later. It was re-opened again in 2019.

On the 4th of May 2024, Moana Pasifika, from the Super Rugby Pacific competition hosted their first game at the stadium against the Highlanders (Dunedin, New Zealand). The Highlanders won 28-17 in wet conditions. This made Tonga the 12th country to host a Super Rugby match.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
1863 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1863 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 6, 1863. It was a rematch of the 1860 Connecticut gubernatorial election. Incumbent governor and Republican nominee William Alfred Buckingham defeated former governor and Democratic nominee Thomas H. Seymour with 51.64% of the vote.

1860 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1860 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 2, 1860. Incumbent governor and Republican nominee William Alfred Buckingham defeated former governor and Democratic nominee Thomas H. Seymour with 50.30% of the vote.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the 13 U.S. representatives from the State of Michigan, one from all the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on August 4, 2026.

2026 United States House of Representatives elections
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections are scheduled to be held on Tuesday, November 3, 2026, as part of the 2026 midterm elections during President Donald Trump's second, non-consecutive term. Voters will elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states, and five of the six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories.

Special elections may also be held on dates throughout 2026. Numerous other federal, state, and local elections, including elections to the Senate, will be held on this date. The winners of this election will serve in the 120th United States Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2020 United States census and revised district maps as a result of the 2025–2026 United States redistricting.
Augmentation (algebra)
In algebra, an augmentation of an associative algebra A over a commutative ring k is a k-algebra homomorphism , typically denoted by ε. An algebra together with an augmentation is called an augmented algebra. The kernel of the augmentation is a two-sided ideal called the augmentation ideal of A.

For example, if  is the group algebra of a finite group G, then

is an augmentation.

If A is a graded algebra which is connected, i.e. , then the homomorphism  which maps an element to its homogeneous component of degree 0 is an augmentation. For example,

is an augmentation on the polynomial ring .

Graded ring
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded ring is a ring such that the underlying additive group is a direct sum of abelian groups  such that ⁠⁠. The index set is usually the set of nonnegative integers or the set of integers, but can be any monoid. The direct sum decomposition is usually referred to as gradation or grading.

A graded module is defined similarly (see below for the precise definition). It generalizes graded vector spaces. A graded module that is also a graded ring is called a graded algebra. A graded ring could also be viewed as a graded ⁠⁠-algebra.

The associativity is not important (in fact not used at all) in the definition of a graded ring; hence, the notion applies to non-associative algebras as well; e.g., one can consider a graded Lie algebra.
Ahom–Mughal conflicts
Ahom–Mughal conflicts (November 1615 – 16 August 1682) refers to the series of 17th-century conflicts (battles, campaigns, and treaties) between the Ahoms and the Mughals over the control of the Brahmaputra valley.  It began soon after the eastern branch of the Kamata kingdom then under the Koch dynasty, Koch Hajo, collapsed after a sustained Mughal campaign bringing it face-to-face with the eastern Ahoms.  After nearly seventy years of sustained efforts, the Mughals were finally ousted in the Battle of Itakhuli in 1682.  The Mughals since then maintained interest in the region west of the Manas River via zamindars, till they were ousted from Bengal by the British about a hundred years later.

Battle of Itakhuli
The Battle of Itakhuli was fought in August 1682 between the Ahom Kingdom and the Mughal Empire in an area that is in modern-day Assam. The Ahoms pushed back Mughal control to the west of the Manas River. The main battle was fought at a garrison island on the Brahmaputra, in which the Mughal fauzdar, Mansur Khan, was defeated and the remnant of the Mughal forces pursued to the Manas River. With this win, the Ahoms recovered Sarkar Kamrup from the Mughals.
Cis, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Cis [t͡ɕis] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ruda Maleniecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Ruda Maleniecka, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Ruda Maleniecka
Ruda Maleniecka [ˈruda malɛˈɲɛt͡ska] is a village in Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Ruda Maleniecka. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Końskie and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
Noah Biggs
Noah Biggs was an English medical reformer and alchemical writer of the middle of the seventeenth century. In his Chymiatrophilos, mataeotechnia medicinae praxes: The Vanity of the Craft of Physick, from 1651, he attacked pretentious and quack medical theories of his time. He also implied that Galenists in the College of Physicians opposed the Parliamentarian regime. He is credited with introducing the words 'febrile' and 'obesity'.

His book borrowed from John Milton's Areopagitica, and the Advancement of Learning of John Hall. He called for better diet, and criticised bleeding and other remedies of the period.; and warned against lead poisoning. It was addressed to Parliament, and asked for reform of the universities. evidences this attitude in his sharp attack on the universities of his day. It argued that medical practice should be open to all, a point also taken up by William Walwyn.

He is associated with the Paracelsians, and the followers of Joan Baptista van Helmont.

Jan Baptist van Helmont
Jan Baptist van Helmont (/ˈhɛlmɒnt/ HEL-mont, Dutch: [ˈjɑm bɑpˈtɪst fɑn ˈɦɛlmɔnt]; 12 January 1580 – 30 December 1644) was a chemist, physiologist, and physician from Brussels. He worked during the years just after Paracelsus and the rise of iatrochemistry, and is sometimes considered to be "the founder of pneumatic chemistry". Van Helmont is remembered today largely for his 5-year willow tree experiment, his introduction of the word "gas" (from the Greek word chaos) into the vocabulary of science, and his ideas on spontaneous generation.
Joshua Jay
Joshua Jay (born October 30, 1981) is an American magician, author, and lecturer. He has performed in over 100 countries and was awarded top prize at the World Magic Seminar in 1998. He worked with Penn and Teller on the show Fool Us,  and he holds a Guinness World Record for card tricks. Jay has performed on shows including Good Morning America and The Today Show.  In January 2018, Jay was recognized by the Society of American Magicians for his contribution to the art of magic.

He resides in New York City.

Penn & Teller
Penn & Teller (Penn Jillette and Teller) are American magicians, entertainers, and scientific skeptics who have performed together since 1975. They are noted for their ongoing act that combines elements of comedy with magic.

The duo has been featured in numerous stage and television shows such as Penn & Teller: Fool Us and currently perform in Las Vegas at The Rio, the longest-running headliners to play at the same hotel in Las Vegas history. Jillette serves as the act's orator and raconteur. Teller generally does not speak while performing, but communicates through mime and nonverbals, though his voice can occasionally be heard during their live shows and television appearances. Besides magic, the pair has become associated with the advocacy of scientific skepticism and libertarianism, particularly through their television show Penn & Teller: Bullshit!
Vardø Radio
Vardø Radio is a coast radio station based in the town of Vardø in Vardø Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. Operated by Telenor Maritim Radio, it is responsible monitoring distress calls and relaying communication along the Barents Sea coast between Tromsø and the Norway–Russia border. It was established in 1923 and is jointly located with Vardø Vessel Traffic Service Centre.

Telenor Kystradio
Telenor Kystradio (formerly Telenor Maritim Radio) is a part of Telenor and provides maritime telecommunication services along the coast of Norway, operating networks of marine VHF radio, medium frequency, high frequency and Navtex transmitters. As of January 2018 there are two coastal radio stations in Norway, Kystradio nord and Kystradio sør. The agency also issues marine radio licenses for both commercial- and pleasure ships, including callsigns and Maritime Mobile Service Identities, as well as radio operator certificates. Telenor Kystradio head office is based at Telenor Norway's head office at Fornebu. Telenor Kystradio also performs GMDSS Radio inspections, and are approved by the Norwegian Maritime Authority as well as most mayor classification authorities. The Radioinspeksjonen is located in Oslo, Stavanger, Bergen, Ålesund, Sandnessjøen, Bodø, Lofoten and Troms.
Timeline of Gatwick Airport
Gatwick Airport was in Surrey until 1974, when it became part of West Sussex as a result of a county boundary change. The original, pre-World War II airport was built on the site of a manor in the parish of Charlwood. The land was first used as an aerodrome in the 1920s, and in 1933 commercial flights there were approved by the Air Ministry.

Paris–Le Bourget Airport
Paris–Le Bourget Airport (French: Aéroport de Paris-Le Bourget) (IATA: LBG, ICAO: LFPB) is an airport located within portions of the communes of Le Bourget, Bonneuil-en-France, Dugny and Gonesse, 6 NM (11 km; 6.9 mi) north-northeast of Paris, France.

Once the principal airport of Paris, it is now used only for general aviation, including business jet operations. It also hosts air shows, most notably the Paris Air Show. The airport is operated by Groupe ADP under the brand Paris Aéroport.
Jose ben Saul
Jose ben Saul was a Jewish rabbi who lived in Galilee in the third century CE. He is considered an amora of the first generation after the codification of the Mishnah. Jose is known chiefly as a transmitter of the sayings and traditions of the patriarch Judah ha-Nasi, whose disciple he was. These as well as his own sayings are further transmitted by Joshua ben Levi and by Hiyya ben Gamda. In one place the following order is given: Simon ben Pazzi says in the name of Joshua ben Levi in the name of Rabbi Jose ben Saul in the name of Judah ha-Nasi in the name of the holy assembly of Jerusalem. The Jerusalem Talmud has preserved only one anecdote of his in the Aramaic. His brothers were Johanan ben Saul and Halafta ben Saul, with the former of whom he used to hold halakhic controversies.

Amoraim
Amoraim (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אמוראים [ʔamoraˈʔim], singular Amora אמורא [ʔamoˈra]; "those who say" or "those who speak over the people", or "spokesmen") refers to Jewish scholars of the period from about 200 to 500 CE, who "said" or "told over" the teachings of the Oral Torah. They were primarily located in Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Their legal discussions and debates were eventually codified in the Gemara. The Amoraim followed the Tannaim in the sequence of ancient Jewish scholars. The Tannaim were direct transmitters of uncodified oral tradition; the Amoraim expounded upon and clarified the oral law after its initial codification.
Bogdanci
Bogdanci (Macedonian: Богданци [ˈbɔɡdantsi] ⓘ) is a small town in North Macedonia, close to the border with Greece. It is located at around 41°12′11″N 22°34′32″E﻿ / ﻿41.20306°N 22.57556°E﻿ / 41.20306; 22.57556, and is the seat of Bogdanci Municipality.

Vardar
The Vardar (/ˈvɑːrdɑːr/; Macedonian: Вардарⓘ, Albanian: Vardar/-i, Turkish: Vardar) or Axios (Greek: Αξιός, romanized: Aksiós, Albanian: Asi (historically)) is the longest river in North Macedonia and a major river in Greece, where it reaches the Aegean Sea at Thessaloniki. It is 388 km (241 mi) long, out of which 76 km (47 mi) are in Greece, and drains an area of around 25,000 km2 (9,653 sq mi). The maximum depth of the river is 4 m (13 ft).
Sarkot-e Sheyni
Sarkot-e Sheyni (Persian: سركت شيني, also Romanized as Sarkot-e Sheynī; also known as Sarkot-e Shehnī and Sarkūt-e Sheynī) is a village in Tolbozan Rural District, Golgir District, Masjed Soleyman County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 11 families.

Tolbozan Rural District
Tolbozan Rural District (Persian: دهستان تل بزان) is in Golgir District of Masjed Soleyman County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qasemabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Rezaabad.
Headache (Grimm)
"Headache" is the 21st episode of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm  and the 87th episode overall, which premiered on May 8, 2015, on NBC. The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Kouf, making his directorial debut in the series.

Grimm season 4
The fourth season of the NBC American supernatural drama series Grimm was announced on March 19, 2014. It consisted of 22 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm.
101 Aquarii
101 Aquarii (abbreviated 101 Aqr) is a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. 101 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation, although it also bears the Bayer designation b3 Aquarii. 101 Aqr is a double star with the designation B 1900. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the pair is 4.71, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye from the suburbs. The distance of this star from Earth is estimated as 290 light-years (89 parsecs) based upon parallax measurements.

The brighter member of this system has an apparent magnitude of 4.81. It is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A0 V. This star is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 1 km/s. The fainter companion is a magnitude 7.43 star at an angular separation of 0.840 arcseconds.

Flamsteed designation
A Flamsteed designation is a combination of a number and constellation name that uniquely identifies most naked eye stars in the modern constellations visible from southern England. They are named after John Flamsteed, author of the Historia Coelestis Britannica, the first major star catalogue compiled with the aid of a telescope. Flamsteed’s own catalogue did not include what are now known as Flamsteed numbers, but its listing of stars in each constellation provided the basis for later astronomers to add them.
Epigomphus echeverrii
Epigomphus echeverrii is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.
Pelugo
Pelugo (Pilùch in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 394 and an area of 22.9 square kilometres (8.8 mi2).

Pelugo borders the following municipalities: Spiazzo, Massimeno, Daone, Montagne, Villa Rendena and Vigo Rendena.

Villa Rendena
Villa Rendena (locally called Villa) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento.   It was merged with Vigo Rendena and Darè on January 1, 2016, to form a new municipality, Porte di Rendena.
Dimow
Dimow is a medium-sized village in Sissiborgaon tehsil, Dhemaji district in the Indian state of Assam. It is situated at a distance of 48 km from its district headquarters, Dhemaji, and 16 km from the nearest town Silapathar.

Assam Gramin Bank
Assam Gramin Bank (AGB) is an Indian Regional Rural Bank (RRB) in Assam established on 1 April 2019. The bank was formed by the amalgamation of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank and Langpi Dehangi Rural Bank. It currently has 473 branches in Assam.It is under the ownership of Ministry of Finance, Government of India. It is sponsored by Punjab National Bank & is jointly Owned by the Government of India, Government of Assam and Punjab National Bank. According to Notification No. S.O. 4831(E), the Assam Gramin Vikash Bank has been renamed as Assam Gramin Bank. On the request of its sponsor Punjab National Bank (PNB).
Stericated 6-simplexes
In six-dimensional geometry, a stericated 6-simplex is a convex uniform 6-polytope with 4th order truncations (sterication) of the regular 6-simplex.

There are 8 unique sterications for the 6-simplex with permutations of truncations, cantellations, and runcinations.

Stericated 7-orthoplexes
In seven-dimensional geometry, a stericated 7-orthoplex is a convex uniform 7-polytope with 4th order truncations (sterication) of the regular 7-orthoplex.

There are 24 unique sterication for the 7-orthoplex with permutations of truncations, cantellations, and runcinations. 14 are more simply constructed from the 7-cube.

This polytope is one of 127 uniform 7-polytopes with B7 symmetry.
Skryne GFC
Skryne GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the village of Skryne, in County Meath, Ireland. The club mainly plays Gaelic football and competes in Meath GAA competitions. Skryne has the second most Meath Senior Football Championship titles after Navan O Mahony's. Every All-Ireland winning Meath team has had at least one Skryne player as a panel member. Skryne have never been relegated from senior level in the football championship.

Navan O'Mahonys GAA
Navan O'Mahony's (Irish: CLCG Ó Mathúna An Uaimh) is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GGA) club located in Navan, County Meath, Ireland. The club fields teams in Gaelic football, hurling, and camogie. Navan O'Mahony's participates in various Meath GAA Senior Football Championship competitions having won the title 20 times, making it the most successful football club in Meath. Additionally, the club has claimed the Meath Senior Hurling Championship title twice, placing it among the top teams in the county.
Phyllospora
Phyllospora is a genus of seaweeds in the family Seirococcaceae (among the brown algae).

Five species are currently accepted:

Phyllospora chamissoi C.Agardh, 1839

Phyllospora comosa (Labillardière) C.Agardh, 1839

Phyllospora obtusa (Harvey) Endlicher

Phyllospora menziesii (Turner) C.Agardh, 1839 accepted as Egregia menziesii (Turner) Areschoug, 1876 (synonym)

Phyllospora quercifolia (Turner) Harvey (uncertain)

Phyllospora comosa
Phyllospora comosa, known as crayweed,  is a species of brown algae in the Seirococcaceae family. It forms temperate seaweed forests that are important as habitat for many marine species and also for producing oxygen and capturing atmospheric carbon.
1964–65 European Cup
The 1964–65 European Cup was the tenth season of the European Cup, UEFA's premier club football tournament. The competition was won by Inter Milan for the second time in row, beating 1–0 two-time former champions Benfica in a final at San Siro, Milan, on 27 May 1965. It meant that Italian teams had won three consecutive titles (AC Milan had won it in 1962–63).

During this edition a coin toss was used a record three times to decide winners of the ties after play-off matches ended as draws.

Iceland entered its champion for the first time this season, while Cyprus did not enter this time around.

1962–63 European Cup
The 1962–63 European Cup was the eighth season of the European Cup, UEFA's premier club football tournament. The competition was won by AC Milan, who beat two-time defending champions Benfica in the final at Wembley Stadium, London, on 22 May 1963. Milan's victory was the first by an Italian club.

Five-time winners Real Madrid were eliminated in the preliminary round by Anderlecht, the first time previous winners didn't make it to the first round of the competition.

Albania entered its champion for the first time this season.
Galileotoppen
Galileotoppen is a mountain on Spitsbergen in Svalbard, Norway. At 1,637 metres (5,371 ft) tall, it is the fifth-tallest peak on Svalbard. It is located west of Wijdefjorden northwest of Newtontoppen in the south of Ny-Friesland. It is named for the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564–1642).

Newtontoppen
Newtontoppen (Newton Peak) is the largest and highest mountain in Svalbard, at 1,713 metres (5,620 ft). Its peak is the highest point on Svalbard. It is located at the north east corner on the island of Spitsbergen in the Chydeniusfjella range. The nearest settlement is the formerly Soviet coal mining settlement Pyramiden. The mountain is mostly made of Silurian granite. The mountain was first ascended by Helge Backlund on 4 August 1900.