hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tanks in World War II
Tanks were an important weapons system in World War II. Although tanks in the inter-war years were the subject of widespread research, few were made, in just a few countries. However, during World War II, most armies employed tanks, and thousands were built every month. Tank usage, doctrine, and production varied widely among the combatant nations. By war's end, a consensus was forming on tank doctrine and design.

DD tank
DD or duplex drive tanks, nicknamed "Donald Duck tanks", were a type of amphibious swimming tank developed by the British during the Second World War. The phrase is mostly used for the Duplex Drive variant of the M4 Sherman medium tank, that was used by the Western Allies during and after the Normandy Landings in June 1944.

DD tanks worked by erecting a canvas 'flotation screen' around the tank, which enabled it to float in water. 'Duplex drive' refers to the fitted propellers allowing propulsion through water, which supplemented the usual track propulsion used when the flotation screens were lowered upon landing to fight as an ordinary tank.

The DD tanks were one of the many specialized assault vehicles, collectively known as Hobart's Funnies, devised to support the planned invasion of Europe.
Masculine of center
Masculine of center (abbreviated as MoC) is a broad gender expression term used to describe a person who identifies or presents as being more masculine than feminine. It is most frequently used by lesbian, queer or non-binary individuals – generally (but not exclusively) those assigned female at birth. The term was coined by B. Cole as an umbrella term to encompass several labels used by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people of color while describing their more-masculine gender identity. Masculine of center is most often used in communities of color, and has implicit sociocultural connotations to both gender equality and racial justice.

Gender expression
Gender expression or gender presentation is a person's behavior, mannerisms, and appearance that are socially associated with gender, namely femininity or masculinity. Gender expression can also be defined as the external manifestation of one's gender identity through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, voice, or body characteristics. Typically, a person's gender expression is thought of in terms of masculinity and femininity, but an individual's gender expression may incorporate both feminine and masculine traits, or neither. A person's gender expression may or may not match their assigned sex at birth. This includes gender roles, and accordingly relies on cultural stereotypes about gender. It is distinct from gender identity.
Panmure Castle
Panmure Castle was a castle that was located to the north-west of Muirdrum, Angus, Scotland.

The castle was owned by the de Valognes family, until the castle passed by marriage of Christina de Valognes to Peter Maule of Fowlis. The stone castle is thought to have been built by Peter Maule around 1224 and was destroyed by Andrew Murray of Avoch and Petty during the Second War of Scottish Independence in 1336.
The castle was the ancestral home of the Maule family of Panmure from the 13th century to the 17th century, when it was replaced by Panmure House in the 17th century.

In 1485 Alexander Garden killed John Jamesone by throwing a stone at him from the castle, and he was forgiven by James IV for this crime in December 1507.

The ruins of the castle and moat has been designated as a Scheduled Monument by Historic Environment Scotland.

Christina de Valognes
Christina de Valognes (died 1256), was a Scottish noble. She was the daughter and heiress of William de Valognes, Baron of Panmure and Benvie, and High Chamberlain of Scotland.

She married Sir Peter Maule of Fowlis around 1224, uniting the two Anglo-Norman families, and with him had two sons, Sir William Maule, the successor of the baronies of Panmure and Benvie, and Sir Thomas Maule, captain of Brechin Castle, who was killed in a siege led by Edward I in August 1303, during the First War of Scottish Independence.
2020 Toronto FC season
The 2020 Toronto FC season was the 14th season in the history of Toronto FC. The club entered the season as defending MLS Eastern Conference champions.  They were scheduled to compete for the first time in the Leagues Cup, however it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They participated in the MLS is Back Tournament, which was the beginning of the resumed season following the postponement of regular season matches due to the pandemic.

On September 11, 2020, Connecticut governor Ned Lamont announced that Toronto FC would finish their season's home matches at Pratt & Whitney Stadium due to travel restrictions outside the United States due to the pandemic.

On October 11, Toronto FC became the first MLS team to clinch a playoff berth following a 1–0 win over FC Cincinnati.

Leagues Cup
The Leagues Cup is an annual soccer competition between clubs from Major League Soccer (MLS), the main soccer league in the United States and Canada, and Liga MX, the main soccer league in Mexico. It is hosted in Canada and the United States. It began in July 2019 with four teams from both leagues participating.  The first edition was a single-elimination tournament hosted in the United States with a final played in Whitney, Nevada, near Las Vegas, on September 18, 2019.

In 2023, the tournament was expanded to include all clubs from MLS and Liga MX, and now functions as a regional cup for CONCACAF between the top division leagues in Mexico and United States and includes MLS teams that are based in Canada. The top three Leagues Cup teams, regardless of nation, qualify for the CONCACAF Champions Cup, with the champions receiving a bye to the round of 16. In 2025, the tournament contracted to only include the 18 best MLS clubs from the previous season and all clubs from Liga MX.
Teran Matthews
Teran Matthews (born February 14, 1980) is a former swimmer from Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Matthews competed only in the women's 50 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 31.87. She challenged six other swimmers in heat two, including Cambodia's two-time Olympian Hem Raksmey and Maldives' 13-year-old Fariha Fathimath. Diving in with a 0.94-second deficit, she scorched the field with a quick pace to a fifth-seeded time of 31.87 and slash off her entry standard by 16-hundredths of a second. Matthews failed to advance into the semifinals, as she placed sixty-seventh overall in the prelims.

Fariha Fathimath
Fariha Fathimath (born March 10, 1987) is a Maldivian former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Fathimath competed for the Maldives, as a 13-year-old, in the women's 50 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 34.66. She challenged six other swimmers in heat two, including Cambodia's two-time Olympian Hem Raksmey. Braving against the deep waters of an Olympic-size pool, Fathimath fought off a sprint battle from Raksmey to grab a sixth seed in a new Maldivian record of 32.36 and cut off her entry standard by more than two seconds. Fathimath's best effort was not enough to put her through to the semifinals, as she placed sixty-ninth overall in the prelims.
IntraHealth International
IntraHealth International is a non-profit organization based in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A. dedicated to working with developing countries to improve their public health capabilities. Originally established as a program of the medical school of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1979, IntraHealth became an independent non-governmental organization in 2003. The organization has worked in more than 50 countries, and is currently active in 28.

IntraHealth focuses on:

Developing sustainable human resources for health

Strengthening and supporting primary health care providers

Preventing and treating HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria

Improving maternal, neonatal and children's health

Increasing access to family planning

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
Croatian art
Croatian art describes the visual arts in Croatia, and art by Croatian artists from prehistoric times to the present. In Early Middle Ages, Croatia was an important centre for art and architecture in south eastern Europe. There were many Croatian artists during the Medieval period, and the arts flourished during the Renaissance. Later styles in Croatia included Baroque and Rococo.

Anastasius the Fuller
Saint Anastasius the Fuller (died 304) is a Christian saint of the pre-schism Christian Church.  Anastasius was a fuller of Aquileia who subsequently moved his business to Salona, although other sources say he went to Spalatum.

He was martyred by being drowned after he had proclaimed his Christian faith openly by painting a cross on his door.

Anastasius is the patron saint of fullers and weavers and his feast day is September 7 (formerly August 26).
Lee Jung-hyo
Lee Jung-Hyo (born July 23, 1975) is a South Korean football manager and former football player, he is the current head coach of K League 2 club Suwon Samsung Bluewings.

Lee played for one club in his entire professional career with Busan I'Park making him a one-club man.

In March 2009, Lee announced his retirement from football.

Jeju SK FC
Jeju SK FC (Korean: 제주 SK FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Jeju Province that competes in the K League 1, the top division in South Korea. In the past, the club has been known as the Yukong Elephants, Bucheon SK, and Jeju United.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1956–1959
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly who served in the 38th  parliament held their seats from 1956 to 1959. They were elected at the 1956 state election, and at by-elections. The Speaker was Bill Lamb.

Bill Lamb
William Henry Lamb (5 January 1889 – 8 January 1964) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1938 until 1962 and a member of the New South Wales Labor Party and the Lang Labor Party. He was the Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1947 and 1959.
AKM Maidul Islam
AKM Maidul Islam (born 1940 or 1943; died 2018) was a Bangladeshi politician from Ulipur who served six terms in the Bangladesh Parliament between 1979 and 2018. First elected as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) member, he later defected to the Jatiya Party (JP), briefly returned to the BNP, and finally rejoined the JP. Islam held ministerial positions under presidents Ziaur Rahman, Abdus Sattar, and Hussain Muhammad Ershad at various times between 1979 and 1990.

Abdus Sattar (president)
Abdus Sattar (1 March 1906 – 5 October 1985) was a Bangladeshi statesman. A leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), he served as the president of Bangladesh from 1981 to 1982, and earlier as the vice president. A jurist by profession, Abdus Sattar held numerous constitutional and political offices in British India, East Pakistan and Bangladesh. He was a cabinet minister, Supreme Court judge, and chief election commissioner of Pakistan. He took oath and became president shortly after the assassination of President Ziaur Rahman.

Abdus Sattar was an elected president through a popular vote. His short lived presidency was marked by growing political turmoil and interference from the military. Abdus Sattar was overthrown in March of 1982 by the then army chief General Hussain Muhammad Ershad.
O'C(P) v DPP (2000)
O'C(P) v DPP [2000] 3 IR 87[1]; (2000) IESC 58  is a reported  Irish Supreme Court case decision where the court examined the issues of "delay" and the right to a fair trial. The Court stated that under Article 38.1 of the Constitution, provides that no one shall be tried for a crime "save in due course of law,"  and stated that anyone accused with an offence has a right to a trial that is performed with reasonable expedition.   The complainant's delay in informing the authorities of the alleged sexual abuse was found to be justified by the Court given the circumstances of the alleged offence.  The court found that the applicant's ability to defend himself had been substantially affected by the delay, creating a real possibility of an unfair trial. Finally, the Supreme Court dismissed the complainant's appeal and upheld the decision of the High Court.

Director of Public Prosecutions (Ireland)
The Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions is the principal public agency for conducting criminal prosecutions in the Republic of Ireland. It is led by the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP).

The agency was founded in 1974, assuming prosecutorial functions previously held by the Attorney General of Ireland. It is responsible for conducting reviews of files prepared by law enforcement agencies including the Garda Síochána and deciding whether to prosecute. It conducts prosecutions in courts in Dublin and directs State Solicitors for cases outside Dublin. It instructs outside counsel to appear in court.
Religion in Italy
Religion in Italy has been historically characterised by the dominance of the Catholic Church, the largest branch of Christianity, since the East–West Schism. This is in part due to the importance of Rome in the history of the Church, including its historical status as a leading patriarchate and the presence of the Vatican, the Catholic Church's headquarters and the residence of the Pope—the Bishop of Rome—within its borders (presently as an enclave). However, due to immigration, notably the influx of Muslims, Eastern Orthodox Christians, Protestants, Buddhists and Hindus, as well as proselytism and secularization, religious pluralism in Italy has increased in the 21st century. Italy also features a pre-Christian Jewish community, an autochthonous Protestant church–the Waldensian Evangelical Church and one of the largest shares of Jehovah's Witnesses in the world.

Union of Italian Jewish Communities
The Union of Italian Jewish Communities (Italian: Unione delle comunità ebraiche italiane, UCEI) is a national association that represents over twenty Jewish community associations in Italy. It was founded in 1911 as the Comitato delle università israelitiche, which became the Consorzio delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1920 and the Unione delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1930. The current name was adopted in 1987.
Fairholme Group
The Fairholme Group is a stratigraphic unit of Late Devonian (Frasnian) age. It is present on the western edge of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in the Rocky Mountains and foothills of Alberta and British Columbia. It was named for the Fairholme Range near Exshaw in the Canadian Rockies by H.H. Beach in 1943.

The formations of the Fairholme Group include fossils of marine animals such as stromatoporoids, corals, brachiopods, crinoids, and conodonts.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
Chennai Lighthouse
There have been at least four lighthouses named Chennai Lighthouse (Tamil: சென்னை கலங்கரை விளக்கம்) or Madras Lighthouse, which face the Bay of Bengal on the east coast of the Indian subcontinent in Chennai, India.

The current lighthouse is a landmark on the Marina Beach, which was built by the East Coast Constructions and Industries in 1976, and opened in January 1977. It also houses an office of the meteorological department. On 16 November 2013, it was reopened to visitors. It is one of the few lighthouses in the world with an elevator. It is also the only lighthouse in India within the city limits. It is powered by a solar panel.

Mamallapuram
Mamallapuram (also known as Mahabalipuram), is a town in Chengalpattu district in the southeastern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, best known for the UNESCO World Heritage Site of 7th- and 8th-century Hindu Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram. It is one of the famous tourist sites in India. The ancient name of the place is Thirukadalmallai. It is a part of Chennai Metropolitan Area. It is a satellite town of Chennai.

Mamallapuram was one of two major port cities in the Pallava kingdom. The town was named after Pallava king Narasimhavarman I, who was also known as Mamalla. Along with economic prosperity, it became the site of a group of royal monuments, many carved out of the living rock. These are dated to the 7th and 8th centuries: rathas (temples in the form of chariots), mandapas (cave sanctuaries), the giant open-air rock relief the Descent of the Ganges, and the Shore Temple dedicated to Shiva. The contemporary town plan was established by the British Raj in 1827.
Park Hotel, Teddington
The Park Hotel is a Grade II listed  pub, restaurant and hotel at 19 Park Road, Teddington, London TW11.

An earlier building on the site was known as The Greyhound in 1729, and briefly, the Guilford Arms in 1795. It was rebuilt in 1863, and became the Clarence Arms Inn, and later the Clarence Hotel.

Teddington
Teddington is an affluent suburb of London in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Historically an ancient parish in the county of Middlesex and situated close to the border with Surrey, the district became part of Greater London in 1965. In 2021, The Sunday Times named Teddington as the best place to live in London, and in 2023, the wider borough was ranked first in Rightmove's Happy at Home index, making it the "happiest place to live in Great Britain"; the first time a London borough had taken the top spot.

Teddington is situated on a long meandering of the Thames between Hampton Wick and Strawberry Hill, Twickenham. Mostly residential, it stretches from the river to Bushy Park with the commercial focus on the A313 road. At Teddington's centre is the High Street and Broad Street, alongside mid-rise urban developments, containing offices and apartments. There is a suspension bridge over the lowest non-tidal lock on the Thames, Teddington Lock.
Route 31 (Iceland)
Skálholtsvegur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈskaulˌhɔl̥(t)sˌvɛːɣʏr̥], lit. 'Skálholt Road') or Route 31 is a national road in the Southern Region of Iceland. It runs from Route 30, through the village of Laugarás to the intersection of Biskupstungnabraut. It passed Skálholt, an historic place in Southern Iceland, and is named after it.

Route 30 (Iceland)
Skeiða- og Hrunamannavegur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsceiːða- ɔɣ ˈr̥ʏːnaˌmannaˌvɛːɣʏr̥], lit. 'Skeiða-and-Hrunamanna Road') or Route 30 is a national road in the Southern Region of Iceland. It runs from Route 1 east of Þjórsá, through the village of Flúðir to the intersection of Biskupstungnabraut.
2017 Welsh Open (snooker)
The 2017 Welsh Open (officially the 2017 Coral Welsh Open) was a professional snooker tournament that took place from 13 to 19 February 2017 at the Motorpoint Arena in Cardiff. It was the fourteenth ranking event of the 2016/2017 season.

The 2017 Welsh Open was being held as part of a new Home Nations Series, introduced in the 2016/2017 season with the new English Open, Northern Ireland Open and Scottish Open tournaments. The tournament's trophy was renamed to the Ray Reardon Trophy in honour of six-time world champion Ray Reardon.

The defending champion Ronnie O'Sullivan lost 3–4 against Mark Davis in the last 64.

Stuart Bingham won his first Welsh Open title and fourth ranking title overall, beating Judd Trump 9–8 in the final.

English Open (snooker)
The English Open is a professional ranking snooker tournament held in Brentwood, as part of the four-event Home Nations Series. The winner is awarded the Steve Davis Trophy, named in honour of the English six-time world champion. The reigning champion is Mark Allen from Northern Ireland.
Ormont
Ormont is an Ortsgemeinde (a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality) situated in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the municipality of Gerolstein.

Gerolstein
Gerolstein (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːʁɔlˌʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town in the Vulkaneifel district of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Gerolstein is a local municipality of the Verbandsgemeinde Gerolstein. It has been approved as a Luftkurort (spa town).
Plantago afra
Plantago afra, commonly known as glandular plantain, is a flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, and is one of a group of species in the genus Plantago formerly treated by some authors in a separate genus Psyllium. It is native to northern Africa (south to Tanzania), southern Europe, and southwestern Asia, and is locally naturalised elsewhere, including north to Great Britain. It has been extensively confused with the related species Plantago indica (branched plantain, syn. P. arenaria).

Psyllium
Psyllium (/ˈsɪliəm/), or Isabgol or ispaghula (/ˌɪspəˈɡuːlə/), is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage. Psyllium is mainly used as a dietary fiber to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and occasionally as a food thickener. Allergy to psyllium is common in workers frequently exposed to the substance.

It is generally safe and moderately effective as a laxative. Use of psyllium in the diet for three weeks or longer may lower blood cholesterol levels in people with elevated cholesterol, and may lower blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Use of psyllium for a month or longer may produce a small reduction in systolic blood pressure.

The plants from which the seeds are extracted tolerate damp and cool climates, and are mainly cultivated in northern India.