hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rawalpindi Tehsil
Rawalpindi is a tehsil – an administrative subdivision – of Rawalpindi District in the western part of the Punjab province, Pakistan. It contains the district capital – the city of Rawalpindi.

Population of Rawalpindi Tehsil per 2023 Pakistani census is 3,744,590.

Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi District (Punjabi and Urdu: ضِلع راولپِنڈى) is a district located in the northernmost part of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Parts of the district form part of the Islamabad Rawalpindi metropolitan area. Rawalpindi city is the district capital.

The district has an area of 5,286 km2 (2,041 sq mi). Originally, its area was 6,192 km2 (2,391 sq mi) until the 1960s when Islamabad Capital Territory was carved out of the district, giving away an area of 906 km2 (350 sq mi). It is situated on the southern slopes of the north-western extremities of the Himalayas, including large mountain tracts with rich valleys traversed by mountain rivers. The chief rivers are the Indus and the Jhelum, and it is noted for its milder climate and abundant rainfall due to its proximity to the foothills.
Garret Barry (soldier)
Garret Barry, also called Gerat (died 1646), was an Irish soldier and military writer, who fought for Spain in the Eighty Years' War and then for the Irish insurgents in the Rebellion and the Confederate Wars. When young he left Kinsale at its surrender in 1602 for Spain where he took service, first as marine in the Atlantic Fleet and then in the Army of Flanders. While in Spanish service, he fought at the Siege of Breda in 1624/1625. He retired with the rank of captain in 1632. Returning to Ireland he was at the Rebellion appointed general of the insurgents' Munster Army. He took Limerick in June 1642 but was defeated at Liscarroll by Inchiquin in September. He was confirmed as General of the Munster Army by the Irish Catholic Confederation but was in practice superseded by Castlehaven in 1643.

James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven
James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven (c. 1612 – 11 October 1684) was the son of Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven and his first wife, Elizabeth Barnham (1592 – c. 1622). Castlehaven played a prominent role in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms that took place in the middle of the 17th century, and was particularly active in the conflicts in Ireland at this time.
Niccolò Scolari
Niccolo Scolari (died 1200) was an Italian cardinal.

He was cardinal-nephew of Pope Clement III, his uncle, who elevated him in September 1190. In older historiography he is erroneously listed as Niccolo Boboni and nephew of Pope Celestine III. He subscribed papal bulls as S.R.E. diaconus cardinalis between 23 October and 19 December 1190, as cardinal-deacon of Santa Lucia in Orthea on 17 February 1191, and finally as cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin between 15 May 1191 and 4 August 1200. He died before 23 December 1200.

Pope Celestine III
Pope Celestine III (Latin: Caelestinus III; c. 1105 – 8 January 1198), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 30 March or 10 April 1191 to his death in 1198. He had a tense relationship with several monarchs, including Emperor Henry VI, King Tancred of Sicily, and King Alfonso IX of León.
Nuclear medicine in Pakistan
The history of pursuing nuclear medicine goes back to 1956, when the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) was established under the executive order of the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy. The PAEC, the scientific body that  is responsible for establishing the nuclear power plants in the country, has sat up a Nuclear Medicines laboratory. The PAEC also set up the nuclear medicines lab and facilities throughout the country to fight against Cancer. Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission had provided the facilities of diagnosis and treatment of cancer and allied diseases to the patients from all over the country employing nuclear techniques at its medical centers. PAEC also sponsored the research program in the field of radiochemistry and biochemistry. PAEC also sat up the research institutes all over the country, some of them are below:

Nuclear medicine
Nuclear medicine (nuclear radiology) is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Nuclear imaging is, in a sense, radiology done inside out, because it records radiation emitted from within the body rather than radiation that is transmitted through the body from external sources like X-ray generators. In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology, as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy, but on the function. For this reason, it is called a physiological imaging modality. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are the two most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.
3C 28
3C 28 is a massive Type-cD elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Pisces. It has a redshift of (z) 0.1971, meaning it is located 2.5 billion light-years from Earth and was discovered in 1959. It is the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), residing in the center of the northern subcluster region of the merging galaxy cluster, Abell 115.

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Śniadka Parcele
Śniadka Parcele [ˈɕɲatka parˈt͡sɛlɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bodzentyn, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Bodzentyn and 28 km (17 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. Between 1975 and 1998, Śniadka Parcele was part of Kielce Voivodeship.

The blue tourist trail from Wąchock to Cedzyna passes through Śniadka Parcele.

Cedzyna
Cedzyna [t͡sɛˈd͡zɨna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górno, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Górno and 8 km (5 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
2012–13 NOJHL season
The 2012–13 NOJHL season was the 35th season of the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League (NOJHL). The seven teams of the NOJHL played 48-game schedules.

Come February, the top teams of each division will play down for the Copeland-McNamara Trophy, the NOJHL championship.  The winner of the Copeland-McNamara Trophy will compete in the Central Canadian Junior "A" championship, the Dudley Hewitt Cup.  If successful against the winners of the Ontario Junior Hockey League and Superior International Junior Hockey League, the champion would then move on to play in the Canadian Junior Hockey League championship, the 2013 Royal Bank Cup.

2013 Royal Bank Cup
The 2013 Royal Bank Cup was the 43rd Junior "A" ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior Hockey League. The 2013 Royal Bank Cup marks the 43rd consecutive year a national championship has been awarded to this skill level since the breakaway of Major Junior hockey in 1970.

The five competitors competing in the Royal Bank Cup included the host Summerside Western Capitals, the winners of the Fred Page Cup (Truro Bearcats), Dudley Hewitt Cup (Minnesota Wilderness), and the top two teams from the Western Canada Cup (Champion Surrey Eagles and runner-up Brooks Bandits).

The tournament was hosted by the Summerside Western Capitals which saw the round robin begin on May 11, 2013 and the final played on May 19, 2013. Tournament games were played at the Consolidated Credit Union Place in Summerside, Prince Edward Island.
Patrick M. Hughes
Patrick M. Hughes (September 19, 1942 – October 5, 2024) was a United States Army officer who served as the 12th Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). Previously, he was Director of Intelligence for the US Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1994 to 1996 and the Director of Intelligence at United States Central Command from 1992 to 1994. He was the Commanding General, United States Army Intelligence Agency, and the Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, U.S. Army from 1990 until 1992. He joined the United States Department of Homeland Security in 2003 as the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis (Intelligence), and departed from DHS and Government service in March 2005.

United States Army Command and General Staff College
The United States Army Command and General Staff College (CGSC or USACGSC) is a staff college for United States Army located at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. The college was established in 1881 by William Tecumseh Sherman as the School of Application for Infantry and Cavalry (later simply the Infantry and Cavalry School), a training school for infantry and cavalry officers.

In 1907 it changed its title to the School of the Line. The curriculum expanded throughout World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War and continues to adapt to include lessons learned from current conflicts. It provides Professional Military Education to officers of the United States Army, as well as foreign military officers.

In addition to the main campus at Fort Leavenworth, the college has satellite campuses at Fort Belvoir, Virginia; Fort Lee, Virginia; Fort Gordon, Georgia; and Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The college also maintains a distance-learning modality for some of its instruction.
Pius Ngandu Nkashama
Pius Ngandu Nkashama was a professor, writer, playwright, poet and literary critic. He was born September 4, 1946 in Mbujimayi in the province of Kasai Oriental in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He died on December 19, 2023 in Baton-Rouge, Louisiana, US.

University of Constantine 1
The University of Constantine 1 (in Arabic: جامعة قسنطينة 1), formerly known as Mentouri Brothers University, is a public university located in Constantine, Algeria. Designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer, the university was established in 1969.
Budureasa
Budureasa (Hungarian: Bondoraszó, German: Buderatz) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania with a population of 2,553 as of 2021. It is composed of five villages: Budureasa, Burda (Borda), Saca (Száka), Săliște de Beiuș (Belényesszeleste), and Teleac (Telek). The Stâna de Vale resort is located in the commune.

The commune is situated in the foothills of the Vlădeasa and Pădurea Craiului mountains (part of the Apuseni Mountains); the western reaches of the Apuseni Natural Park lie on its administrative territory. Budureasa is located on the southeastern part of Bihor County, 11 km (6.8 mi) east of the city of Beiuș and 72 km (45 mi) southeast of the county seat, Oradea.

Oradea
Oradea (UK: /ɒˈrɑːdiə/, US: /ɔːˈr-, -djɑː/, Romanian: [oˈrade̯a]; Hungarian: Nagyvárad [ˈnɒɟvaːrɒd]; German: Großwardein [ˌɡʁoːsvaʁˈdaɪn]) is the capital of the Crișana region in Romania. It serves as the administrative centre of Bihor County. The city is situated on both banks of the Crișul Repede River.

As of 2021, Oradea is Romania's ninth most populous city. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Hungarian border. The municipality covers 11,556 hectares (28,560 acres) and lies between the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat plain.

The Oradea Fortress is a historic fortification located within the city, whose origins date back to the 11th century when it served as an episcopal residence and religious centre. Throughout the Middle Ages, the fortress played a strategic role in the border region between Central and Eastern Europe.

The city features Art Nouveau architecture, and is a member of both the Réseau Art Nouveau Network and the Art Nouveau European Route.
Lupus-TR-3b
Lupus-TR-3b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star Lupus-TR-3 (a K-type main sequence star approximately 8,950 light-years away in the constellation Lupus).  The planet was discovered in 2007 by personnel from the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian observing at the Siding Spring Observatory in Australia, by the transit method.

The planet has four-fifths the mass of Jupiter, nine-tenths the radius, and has density of 1.4 g/cm3. This planet is a typical “Hot Jupiter” as it orbits at 0.0464 AU distance from the star, taking 3.9 days to orbit. It is currently the faintest ground-based detection of a transiting planet.

Lupus-TR-3
Lupus-TR-3 is a star located in the southern constellation Lupus. It has an apparent magnitude of 17.4, making it visible only in power telescopes. Its distance is not well known, but it is estimated to be roughly 2,000 parsecs away from the Solar System.
Fredrik von Otter
Count Fredrik Wilhelm von Otter (11 April 1833 – 9 March 1910) was a Swedish statesman and military officer who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1900 to 1902. He previously served as Minister for Naval Affairs from 1874 to 1880. During his tenure, Von Otter oversaw the introduction of universal conscription and sought moderate reforms of the electoral system. He is remembered as a technocratic and pragmatic leader during Sweden’s transition toward parliamentary rule.

Kommendörkapten
Commander (Cdr) (Swedish: Kommendörkapten, Kk) is a senior-grade officer rank in the Swedish Navy, ranking below captain and above lieutenant commander. The rank is equivalent to lieutenant colonel in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and the Swedish Amphibious Corps. Before 1972, the rank of commander was divided into two ranks: commander (kommendörkapten av 1:a graden/klassen) and lieutenant commander (kommendörkapten av 2:a graden/klassen).
Aroer
Aroer (Hebrew: עֲרוֹעֵר, עֲרֹעֵר) is the name of two biblical cities in the Transjordan, in what is today the Kingdom of Jordan.

One is Areor on the Arnon, which is located on the north bank of the River Arnon to the east of the Dead Sea, in present-day Jordan. The town was an ancient Moabite settlement, and is mentioned in the Bible. Aroer is identified with the modern village of 'Ara'ir in Jordan.

The second Aroer is an Ammonite town which, according to the Book of Joshua, was located on the border between the Israelite Tribe of Gad and the kingdom of Ammon. However, its precise location has been lost to history.

Aram-Damascus
Aram-Damascus (/ˈærəm ... / ARR-əm ...) was an Aramean polity that existed from the late-12th century BCE until 732 BCE, and was centred around the city of Damascus in the Southern Levant. Alongside various tribal lands, it was bounded in its later years by the polities of Assyria to the north, Ammon to the south, and Israel to the west.

The compound name "Aram-Damascus" is only found in the Hebrew Bible, where it sometimes also is referred to as simply "Aram" or "Damascus". It is also referred to as "Aram" in some Aramaic inscriptions. In Assyrian sources, "Aram" was never used to designate it. It was often referred to as "Damascus" or "imērīšu" (meaning "his donkey"), and sometimes "Bīt-Ḫaza’ili" (meaning "house of Hazael"), in Assyrian sources.
Gornja Paka
Gornja Paka (pronounced [ˈɡoːɾnja ˈpaːka]; in older sources also Gorenja Paka, German: Oberpaka) is a settlement north of the town of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Črnomelj
Črnomelj (pronounced [tʃəɾˈnòːməl] ⓘ; in older sources also Černomelj, German: Tschernembl) is a town in southeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Črnomelj. It lies on the left bank of the Lahinja and Dobličica rivers. The municipality is at the heart of the area of White Carniola, the southeastern part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Čardak, Kočevje, Kozji Plac, Loka, and Nova Loka.
Nandurbar Amchur
Nandurbar Amchur commonly known as mango powder, is a popular Indian fruity spice powder made from dried, unripe local green mangoes (Gaauti Aam) grown in the Nandurbar district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Nandurbar Amchur is a centuries-old specialty of Nandurbar.

Under its Geographical Indication tag, it is referred to as "Nandurbar Amchur". It is also known as Ambchur, Aamchur powder, Dry Mango powder or Ground Mango.

Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Infant bed
An infant bed (commonly called a cot in British English, and, in American English, a crib, or far less commonly, stock) is a small bed especially for infants and very young children. Infant beds are a historically recent development intended to contain a child capable of standing. The cage-like design of infant beds restricts the child to the bed.  Between one and two years of age, children can climb out and are moved to a toddler bed to prevent an injurious fall while escaping the bed.

Infant beds are more common in Western countries, employed by the majority of parents as an alternative to sharing a bed (co-sleeping).

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
Mudaria railway station
Mudaria railway station is a railway station on Bilaspur–Katni line under Bilaspur railway division of South East Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The railway station is situated beside National Highway 43 at Mudaria Chouban, Mauganj, Kurabar in Umaria district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

Bilaspur railway division
Bilaspur railway division is one of the three railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 1952 and its headquarters is located at Bilaspur in the state of Chhattisgarh of India.

Nagpur SEC railway division and Raipur railway division are the other two railway divisions under SECR Zone headquartered at Bilaspur.
Prusy, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Prusy [ˈprusɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rybno, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Rybno, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Działdowo, and 56 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Rybno, Działdowo County
Rybno [ˈrɨbnɔ] is a village in Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rybno. It lies approximately 24 km (15 mi) north-west of Działdowo and 61 km (38 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
Sunday Bloody Sunday (John Lennon and Yoko Ono song)
"Sunday Bloody Sunday" is a song written by John Lennon and Yoko Ono that was first released on their 1972 Plastic Ono Band album with Elephant's Memory, Some Time in New York City. The song addresses the Bloody Sunday massacre of 1972 and is one of two on the album that addresses the contemporary Northern Ireland conflict, "The Luck of the Irish" being the other.

Refrain
A refrain (from Vulgar Latin: refringere, "to repeat", through Old French: refraindre) is the line or lines that are repeated in poetry or in music—the "chorus" of a song. Poetic fixed forms that feature refrains include the villanelle, the virelay, and the sestina.

In popular music, the refrain or chorus may contrast with the verse melodically, rhythmically, and harmonically; it may assume a higher level of dynamics and activity, often with added instrumentation. Chorus form, or strophic form, is a sectional and/or additive way of structuring a piece of music based on the repetition of one formal section or block played.
Gmina Niegowa
Gmina Niegowa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Myszków County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Niegowa, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Myszków and 57 km (35 mi) north-east of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 87.57 square kilometres (33.8 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,642.

Myszków
Myszków [ˈmɨʂkuf] is a town in Poland, with 31,650 inhabitants (2019). Situated on the Warta river in the Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Częstochowa Voivodeship (1975–1998), it is the capital of Myszków County. Myszków historically belongs to Lesser Poland, and the area where the town is located was, until the Partitions of Poland, part of Kraków Voivodeship's County of Lelów. Myszków is located along one of the oldest Polish rail lines, the Warsaw–Vienna railway, and near the Central Rail Line.
Bhatgram Union
Bhatgram Union (Bengali: ভাতগ্রাম ইউনিয়ন) is a union of Mirzapur Upazila, Tangail District, Bangladesh. It is situated  4 km west of Mirzapur and 32 km southeast of Tangail, the district's headquarters.

Mirzapur, Bangladesh
Mirzapur (Bengali: মির্জাপুর) is a town of Mirzapur Upazila, Tangail District, Bangladesh. The town is situated 41 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Tangail city and 54 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.
Walworth
Walworth (/ˈwɔːlwərθ/ WAWL-wərth) is a district of South London, England, within the London Borough of Southwark. It adjoins Camberwell to the south and Elephant and Castle to the north, and is 1.9 miles (3.1 km) south-east of Charing Cross.

Major streets in Walworth include the Old Kent Road, New Kent Road and Walworth Road.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.