hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Comet of 371 BC
The Great Comet of 372–371 BC (sometimes Aristotle's Comet) was a comet that was observed by Aristotle, Ephorus, and Callisthenes. Ephorus reported that it split into two pieces, a larger fragment that is thought to have possibly returned in 1106 AD, as X/1106 C1, and another smaller fragment. While visible from Earth, it was said to have cast shadows at night comparable to a full moon. The Great Comet is thought to possibly be the source of the Kreutz sungrazer family.

Great comet
A great comet is a comet that becomes exceptionally bright, and easily observable to the naked eye. There is no official definition; often the term is attached to comets such as Halley's Comet, which during certain appearances are bright enough to be noticed by casual observers who are not looking for them, and become well known outside the astronomical community. Typically, they are as bright or brighter than a second magnitude star and have tails that are 10 degrees or longer under dark skies. Great comets appear at irregular, unpredictable intervals, on average about once per decade. Although comets are officially named after their discoverers, great comets are sometimes also referred to by the year in which they appeared great, using the formulation "The Great Comet of ...", followed by the year. It can also be used as a generic name when a very bright comet is discovered by many observers simultaneously.
Pfaff Island
Pfaff Island is one of the Bennett Islands, lying just south of Granicher Island in Hanusse Bay. Mapped from air photos taken by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) (1947–48) and Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) (1956–57). Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Alexius B.I.F. Pfaff (1825–86), German physicist who made pioneer investigations of the plastic deformation of ice, in Switzerland, in 1874–76.

Hanusse Bay
Hanusse Bay is a broad, V-shaped bay, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The bay is 37 kilometres (20 nmi) long and trends generally north–south. It is bordered by Cape Mascart on Anvers Island, and Shmidt Point on Arrowsmith Peninsula, Loubet Coast. At its north entrance, Isacke Passage separates it from Liard Island. It is bounded to the south by a line from Landauer Point, the north point of Hansen Island and Bagnold Point on Arrowsmith Peninsula.

The bay was discovered and first charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and named by him for the director of the Hydrographic Service of the French Navy  Ferdinand Isidore Hanusse (1848–1921). Isacke Passage was also charted Charcot's expedition. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Captain Christopher J. Isacke, Royal Navy, commanding officer of HMS Endurance in the Antarctic Peninsula area, 1972–74.
PSR J2322−2650
PSR J2322−2650 is a millisecond pulsar located approximately 750 light-years (230 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation Sculptor. It is notable for its low luminosity and for hosting a confirmed exoplanet, PSR J2322−2650 b, a Jupiter-mass object discovered through pulsar timing observations in 2017. The system is one of the few known examples of a pulsar with a surviving planetary companion, offering insights into planetary formation and survival in the aftermath of a supernova.

In December 2025, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provided the first detailed infrared observations of the exoplanet, revealing an exotic, carbon and helium dominated atmosphere that challenges conventional models of planetary formation.

PSR J2322−2650 b
PSR J2322−2650 b is a tidally locked exoplanet discovered in 2017, orbiting the millisecond pulsar PSR J2322−2650. In 2025, the James Webb Space Telescope found that the planet's atmosphere is dominated by helium and carbon, likely featuring clouds of carbon soot that condense to create diamonds, but an unexplained absence of nitrogen and oxygen. PSR J2322−2650 b orbits approximately 1 million miles from its host star—a distance equivalent to less than 1% of earth's orbit. The gravitational pull from the host star is so intense that the planet has been stretched into the shape of a lemon.
2014 Brabantse Pijl
The 2014 Brabantse Pijl was the 54th edition of the Brabantse Pijl road cycling race. Held on 16 April 2014, it started in Leuven and ended 203 kilometres (126 mi) later in Overijse. It was a 1.HC-ranked race that was part of the 2014 UCI Europe Tour. The main difficulty in the race was caused by 26 climbs, as well as the finishing climb in on the Schavei.

The race was won by Philippe Gilbert (BMC Racing Team) in a bunch sprint. Michael Matthews (Orica–GreenEDGE) finished second and Tony Gallopin (Lotto–Belisol) third.

2014 UCI Europe Tour
The 2014 UCI Europe Tour was the tenth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2014 season began on 2 February 2014 with the Grand Prix Cycliste la Marseillaise and ended on 19 October 2014 with the Chrono des Nations.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Europe Tour cycling jersey. Riccardo Zoidl of Austria was the defending champion of the 2013 UCI Europe Tour. The 2014 Europe Tour was won by Tom Van Asbroeck.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
2017 New Zealand Warriors season
The 2017 New Zealand Warriors season was the 23rd season in the club's history. Coached by Stephen Kearney and captained by Roger Tuivasa-Sheck, the Warriors competed in the National Rugby League's 2017 Telstra Premiership. They also competed in the 2017 NRL Auckland Nines tournament.

Stephen Kearney
Stephen Peter Kearney ONZM (born 11 June 1972) is a New Zealand professional rugby league football coach who until 2020 was the head coach of the New Zealand Warriors in the NRL and a former player.

A New Zealand national captain and second-row forward, Kearney's club football career, which spanned from the early 1990s to the mid-2000s, was played for the Randwick Kingfishers, Western Suburbs Magpies, Auckland Warriors, Melbourne Storm (with whom he won the 1999 NRL Premiership), and Hull F.C. (with whom he won the 2005 Challenge Cup).

Kearney was previously the head coach of the New Zealand national team, with whom he won the 2008 World Cup and 2011 Four Nations tournaments. He also previously coached the Parramatta Eels in the National Rugby League.
José Moreira
José Filipe da Silva Moreira OIH (born 20 March 1982) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He spent most of his career with Benfica, appearing in 148 competitive matches and making his Primeira Liga debut at 19. He also competed in Wales and Cyprus.

Moreira earned 79 caps for Portugal across all youth levels, and was part of the senior team squad at Euro 2004.

UEFA European Under-19 Championship
The UEFA European Under-19 Championship, or simply the Euro Under-19, is an annual football competition, contested by the European men's under-19 national teams of the UEFA member associations.

Spain is the most successful team in this competition, having won twelve titles. Netherlands are the current champions.
Non-sports trading card
Non-sport trading cards are a particular kind of collectible card designated as such because trading cards have historically prominently featured athletes from the world of sports as subjects. Non-sports cards are trading cards whose subjects can be virtually anything other than sports-themed.

Cigarette card
Cigarette cards are trading cards issued by tobacco manufacturers to stiffen cigarette packaging and advertise cigarette brands.

Between 1875 and the 1940s, cigarette companies often included collectible cards with their packages of cigarettes. Cigarette card sets document popular culture from the turn of the century, often depicting the period's actresses, costumes, and sports, as well as offering insights into mainstream humour and cultural norms.
Ryuta Sakurai
Ryuta Sakurai Japanese: 桜井隆多(born September 8, 1971) is a Japanese mixed martial artist who currently competes in the middleweight division. A veteran who fought for many companies such as Shooto, Pancrase and PRIDE. 
Nicknamed Mr. DEEP, he is best known for spending most of his fighting career in DEEP, where he is a former DEEP Middleweight champion.

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Cunningham function
In statistics, the Cunningham function or Pearson–Cunningham function ωm,n(x) is a generalisation of a special function introduced by Pearson (1906) and studied in the form here by Cunningham (1908). It can be defined in terms of  the confluent hypergeometric function U, by

The function was studied by Cunningham in the context of a multivariate generalisation of the Edgeworth expansion for approximating a probability density function based on its (joint) moments. In a more general context, the function is related to the solution of the constant-coefficient diffusion equation, in one or more dimensions.

The function ωm,n(x) is a solution of the differential equation for X:

The special function studied by Pearson is given, in his notation by,

Edgeworth series
In probability theory, the Gram–Charlier A series (named in honor of Jørgen Pedersen Gram and Carl Charlier), and the Edgeworth series (named in honor of Francis Ysidro Edgeworth) are series that approximate a probability distribution over the real line  in terms of its cumulants. The series are the same; but, the arrangement of terms (and thus the accuracy of truncating the series) differ. The key idea of these expansions is to write the characteristic function of the distribution whose probability density function f is to be approximated in terms of the characteristic function of a distribution with known and suitable properties, and to recover f through the inverse Fourier transform.
Vote for Students pledge
The National Union of Students (NUS) "Vote for Students" pledge is a pledge in the UK to vote against tuition fee increases that was signed by over 1,000 candidates standing in the general election in 2010, notably including a large number of Labour Party MPs, who had introduced the fees in 1998 and all 57 subsequently elected Liberal Democrat MPs.

Tuition fees in the United Kingdom
Tuition fees were first introduced across the entire United Kingdom in September 1998 under the Labour government of Tony Blair to help fund tuition for undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities; students were required to pay up to £1,000 a year for tuition.  However, only those who reach a certain salary threshold (£21,000) pay this fee through general taxation.

As a result of the devolved national administrations for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, there are now different arrangements for tuition fees in each of the nations. The Minister of State for Universities has oversight over British universities and the Student Loans Company.
David in spelunca Engaddi
David in spelunca Engaddi  (“David in the Cave of Engedi”) is a 1795 oratorio by Simon Mayr. The librettist is unknown, but is possibly Giuseppe Maria Foppa who supplied the Latin texts for Iacob a Labano fugiens (1791), Sisara (1793), and Tobiae matrimonium (1794).

Tobiae matrimonium
Tobiae matrimonium, actio sacra pro filiabus chori S. Lazari is a 1794 oratorio by Simon Mayr to a Latin libretto by Giuseppe Maria Foppa. It was the third of Mayr's works written for the Ospedale dei Mendicanti. No exact date or circumstances for the original performance are known.
CKW Bridge over Powder River
The CKW Bridge over Powder River is a Pratt deck truss bridge near Arvada, Wyoming, which carries US 14/US 16 across the Powder River. The bridge was built from 1932 to 1933 by the W. P. Roscoe Company. The 452-foot (138 m) bridge has three continuous main spans and two shallow approach spans. It is the only continuous truss bridge still in use on a Wyoming road and one of only two deck truss bridges built on a major highway.

The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 22, 1985. It was one of several bridges added to the NRHP for its role in the history of Wyoming bridge construction.

U.S. Route 16
U.S. Highway 16 (US 16) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway between Rapid City, South Dakota, and Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. The highway's eastern terminus is at a junction with Interstate 90 (I-90)/US 14, concurrent with I-190, in Rapid City. The western terminus is the east entrance to Yellowstone National Park, concurrent with US 14 and US 20. US 16 used to extend all the way to Michigan but has been truncated in favor of I-90 and I-96.
Paddy McGuinness
Patrick Joseph McGuinness (born 14 August 1973) is an English comedian, actor, writer, and television presenter. He rose to fame with the help of fellow comedian Peter Kay, who invited him to appear on the television comedy series That Peter Kay Thing (2000), and the sitcoms Phoenix Nights (2000–2001) and Max and Paddy's Road to Nowhere (2004). McGuinness went on to present various television shows, including Take Me Out (2010–2019), 71 Degrees North (2011), Paddy's TV Guide (2013), Top Gear (2019–2022), I Can See Your Voice (2021–2022), Question of Sport (2021–2023) and Tempting Fortune (2023–present).

McGuinness has written and performed four stand-up comedy tours: The Dark Side Tour (2006), Plus You! Tour (2008), The Saturday Night Live Tour (2011), and Daddy McGuinness (2015–2016).

Stand Up to Cancer
Stand Up to Cancer (SU2C) is a charitable organization that was established as a division of the Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF). In 2022, SU2C was separately incorporated and was recognized by the IRS as a Section 501(c)(3) public charity. SU2C aims to raise awareness and fund research to detect and treat cancers with the goal of curing all patients. This includes making early-stage detection part of the standard of care for all cancers, ultimately reducing cancer deaths.
Povel Ramel
Baron Povel Karl Henric Ramel (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈpǒːvɛl ˈrǎmːɛl] ⓘ; 1 June 1922 – 5 June 2007) was a Swedish entertainer. Ramel was a singer, pianist, vaudeville artist, author and a novelty song composer. His style was characterized by imaginative wit, both verbal and musical. He took inspiration from US and UK 'crazy' style humor and created his own personal Swedish version, unusual combinations of lyrics and music, word play, pastiche and general unexpectedness. He wrote approximately 1700 songs, skits and monologues, and he is regarded as a legend and an institution in Swedish entertainment.

Gustav Vasa
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (Riksföreståndare) from 1521, during the Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead this war following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the future National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union.

During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant Swedish reformation, transformed the country from an elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing army and navy.
Jiuzhang (quantum computer)
Jiuzhang (Chinese: 九章) is the first photonic quantum computer to claim quantum supremacy. Previously quantum supremacy has been achieved only once, in 2019, by Google's Sycamore; however, Google's computer was based on superconducting materials, and not photons.

Jiuzhang was developed by a team from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) led by Pan Jianwei and Lu Chao-Yang. The computer is named after Jiuzhang suanshu, an ancient Chinese mathematical classic book.

On 3 December 2020, USTC announced in Science that Jiuzhang successfully performed Gaussian boson sampling in 200 seconds (3 minutes 20 seconds), with a maximum of 76 detected photons. The USTC group estimated that it would take 2.5 billion years for the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer to perform the same calculation.

University of Science and Technology of China
The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a public university in Hefei, Anhui, China. It is owned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and co-funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education of China, and the Anhui Provincial Government. It is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1958. In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution. The university has 13 schools, 11 national research platforms, 8 science-education integration colleges, and 5 joint cooperative institutes with local governments. The university is a member of the C9 League.
Falaknuma–Jangaon MEMU
Falaknuma Jangaon MEMU, is a suburban service running between Falaknuma and Jangaon in the Telangana state. The Secundrabad Division of South Central Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers 97 kilometres (60 mi) in 2 hours and 45 minutes.

The train runs from Falaknuma, the suburban station of Hyderabad, to Jangaon.

It is the only direct train which connects the old city of Hyderabad to Jangaon.

South Central Railway zone
The South Central Railway  (abbreviated SCR) is one of the 19 zones of Indian Railways. The jurisdiction of the zone is spread over the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Karnataka. It has three divisions under its administration, which include Secunderabad, Hyderabad and Nanded. Secunderabad, Telangana is the Zonal headquarter.
Cosmic Coasters
Cosmic Coasters is a board game designed by Andrew Looney and published by Looney Labs.
In 2002, Cosmic Coasters won the Origins Award for Best Abstract Board Game of 2001.

The game is played on custom bar coasters bearing the image of a Galilean moon on one side and a rules summary on the other.  The coasters are designed for use as actual coasters as well as game boards, and the game does not use anything unlikely to be in a bar (such as dice).

Origins Awards
The Origins Awards are American awards for outstanding work in the gaming industry. They are presented by the Game Manufacturers Association (GAMA) at the Origins Game Fair on an annual basis for games released in the preceding year. For example, the 1979 awards were given at the 1980 game fair. Award categories include board games, card games, tabletop role-playing games, strategy games, and game accessories.
Georgios Daispangos
Georgios Daispangos (Greek: Γεώργιος Νταϊσπάγγος; 1910 – 27 July 1986) was a Greek footballer who played as a defender for AEK Athens in the 1930s. Throughout different periods of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, he served as the manager of the first team and all the departments of the academies of AEK. He was one of the pioneers of Greek football and one of the "Patriarchs" of the club. He was renowned for his huge service to AEK Athens.

1931–32 Greek Football Cup
The 1931–32 Greek Football Cup was the first edition of the Greek Football Cup. All matches took place within 1931 and before the start of the national and local championships. The competition culminated with the Greek Cup final, held at Leoforos Alexandras Stadium, on 8 November 1931. The match was contested by AEK Athens and Aris, with AEK Athens winning by 5–3.
2012 CERH European Championship
The 2012 CERH European Championship or 2012 Roller Hockey European Championship was the 50th edition of the CERH European Roller Hockey Championship. It took place from 9 to 15 September, in Paredes, Portugal.

Rink Hockey European Championship
The Rink Hockey European Championship is a European roller hockey competition organised by World Skate Europe Rink Hockey since 1926 and contested by the senior men's national teams of its top-ranked member associations.

Portugal are the current champions, after defeating France 4–1 in the 2025 final. With this victory, Portugal increased their record number of titles in this competition to 22, ahead of Spain's 19 titles.
EcuRed
EcuRed is a Cuban online encyclopedia built on MediaWiki software. The site was launched on 13 December 2010. The name is an acronym from the Spanish phrase Enciclopedia Cubana en la Red (literally "Cuban Encyclopedia on the Network").

Online encyclopedia
An online encyclopedia, also called an Internet encyclopedia, is a digital encyclopedia accessible through the Internet. Some examples include pre-World Wide Web services that offered the Academic American Encyclopedia beginning in 1980, Encyclopedia.com since 1998, Encarta from 2000 to 2009, Wikipedia since 2001, Encyclopædia Britannica since 2016, and Grokipedia since 2025.
Ecuador women's national volleyball team
The Ecuador women's national volleyball team represents Ecuador in international competitions in women's volleyball.  The dominant forces in women's volleyball on the South American continent are Brazil and Peru.

Peru women's national volleyball team
The Peru women's national volleyball team represents Peru in international women's volleyball. It is governed by the Peruvian Volleyball Federation (FVF) and was one of the dominant forces in women's volleyball in the 1980s, culminating in the silver medal won at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.
The team's nickname is Las Hijas del Sol (The Sun's daughters).
Bradley Beaulieu
Bradley P. Beaulieu is an American author of epic fantasy. He is best known for his series The Lays of Anuskaya, which he finished in 2013 with the publication of The Flames of Shadam Khoreh. In 2015 Beaulieu published Twelve Kings in Sharakhai, the first novel in his series The Song of the Shattered Sands.

Beaulieu started writing in college and has since been nominated for several awards, including the Gemmell Morningstar Award for The Winds of Khalakovo. He dedicated himself to the craft, learning under the guidance of writers like Nancy Kress, Joe Haldeman, Tim Powers, Holly Black, Michael Swanwick, Kij Johnson, and many more.

Holly Black
Holly Black (née Riggenbach; born November 10, 1971) is an American writer and editor best known for her children's and young adult fiction. Her most recent work is the New York Times bestselling young adult Folk of the Air series. She is also well known for The Spiderwick Chronicles, a series of children's fantasy books she created with writer and illustrator Tony DiTerlizzi, and her debut trilogy of young adult novels officially called the Modern Faerie Tales. Black has won a Nebula Award and a Newbery Honor. The Spiderwick Chronicles was adapted into a 2008 film and into a 2023 television series, for which Black received a nomination for the Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Young Teen Series.