hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahmoud Hammoud (politician)
Mahmoud Hammoud (1935 – 8 May 2018) was a Lebanese politician and diplomat.

Hammoud was a Shia Muslim.

He served as ambassador to the United Arab Emirates (1978–1983), West Germany (1983–1985), the Soviet Union and Finland (1986–1990), and the United Kingdom (1990–1999), where he was doyen of the diplomatic corps.

In October 2000, Hammoud became Foreign Minister for the first time. He served in that position until April 2003 when he became Defense Minister in a cabinet reshuffle. When the government of Omar Karami took office in October 2004, he was reappointed foreign minister. Karami and his cabinet resigned in March 2005.

He died on 8 May 2018.

Omar Karami
Omar Abdul Hamid Karami (last name also spelled Karamé and Karameh) (Arabic: عمر عبد الحميد كرامي; 7 September 1934 – 1 January 2015) was the 39th prime minister of Lebanon for two non-consecutive terms. He was Prime Minister for the first time from 24 December 1990, when Selim al-Hoss gave up power, until May 1992, when he resigned due to economic instability. He was again Prime Minister from October 2004 to April 2005 as the 44th Prime Minister.
Beijing Shejitan
The Beijing Shejitan (simplified Chinese: 北京社稷坛; traditional Chinese: 北京社稷壇), also known as the Altar of Earth and Harvests or the Altar of Land and Grain, is a Confucian altar located in the Zhongshan Park in Beijing, China. Built in 1421 by the Ming dynasty, it was where national soil and grain ceremonies were conducted during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Shejitan is also located in the opposite geometric location to the Imperial Ancestral Temple.  Along with the Imperial Ancestral Temple, the Temple of Agriculture, and the Temple of Heaven, it is one of Beijing's main imperial temples.

Temple of Heaven
The Temple of Heaven (simplified Chinese: 天坛; traditional Chinese: 天壇; pinyin: Tiāntán) is a complex of imperial religious Confucian buildings situated in the southeastern part of central Beijing. The complex was visited by the Emperors of the Ming and then later restored by the Qing dynasties for annual ceremonies of prayer to Heaven for a good harvest and other seasonal rites. The Temple of Heaven was inscribed as a World Heritage site in 1998 and was described as "a masterpiece of architecture and landscape design which simply and graphically illustrates a cosmogony of great importance for the evolution of one of the world's great civilizations..." as the "symbolic layout and design of the Temple of Heaven had a profound influence on architecture and planning in the Far East over many centuries."
One Be Lo discography
This is the discography of the American hip-hop artist One Be Lo (aka OneManArmy). It also includes work with his groups Binary Star (with Senim Silla), Security (with Magestik Legend), and work from Subterraneous Records compilations.

One Be Lo
Nahshid Sulaiman (born Raland Scruggs; November 7, 1976), better known by his stage name One Be Lo, is an alternative hip hop artist from Pontiac, Michigan. He is well respected for being one half of the rap duo Binary Star, and has released a number of well-received solo albums. He is a member of Massive Monkees, a world-champion B-boy crew.
2025 Special Honours
As part of the British honours system, Special Honours are issued at the Monarch's pleasure at any given time. The Special Honours refer to the awards made within royal prerogative, operational honours, political honours and other honours awarded outside the New Year Honours and Birthday Honours.

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, personal bravery, achievement, or service are rewarded with honours. The honours system consists of three types of award:

Honours are used to recognise merit in terms of achievement and service;

Decorations tend to be used to recognise specific deeds;

Medals are used to recognise service on a particular operation or in a specific theatre, long or valuable service, and good conduct.

Appointments to the various orders and awards of other honours are usually published in The London Gazette.
Pillarguri
Pillarguri or Pillarguritoppen is a mountain in Sel Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 852-metre (2,795 ft) tall mountain is located between the Rondane and Jotunheimen mountains. The mountain sits about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) southwest of the town of Otta. The mountain is just east of the mountain Thokampen and about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) northeast of the mountain Heidalsmuen.

Sel Municipality
Sel is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Otta. The municipality also includes several notable villages including Bjølstadmo, Dale, Høvringen, Nord-Sel, Sandbumoen, Sjoa, and Skogbygda.

The 905-square-kilometre (349 sq mi) municipality is the 130th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Sel Municipality is the 171st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,623. The municipality's population density is 6.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (16/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.6% over the previous 10-year period.
Bear Lake County, Idaho
Bear Lake County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 United States census the county had a population of 6,372. The county seat is Paris, and Montpelier is the largest city.

The county is named after Bear Lake, a large lake at an elevation of 5,924 feet (1,806 m) above sea level. The northern half of the 20-mile-long (32-kilometer) lake is in Idaho, the southern half in Utah. The county was established in 1875 in the Idaho Territory, fifteen years before statehood.

Bear Lake National Wildlife Refuge
Bear Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located in southeast Idaho, seven miles (11 km) south of Montpelier. Surrounded by mountains, it lies in Bear Lake Valley at an elevation ranging from 5,925 feet (1,806 m) on the marsh to 6,800 feet (2,100 m) on the rocky slopes of Merkley Mountain. The refuge office is located in Montpelier.

The 19,000-acre (77 km2) refuge is mainly made up of a bulrush marsh, open water, and flooded meadows of sedges, rushes, and grasses. Portions of the refuge include scattered grasslands and brush-covered slopes.

Bear Lake Refuge encompasses what is locally referred to as Dingle Swamp or Dingle Marsh. Along with Bear Lake proper, the marsh was once part of a larger prehistoric lake that filled the valley. As it drained and receded, Dingle Marsh was reduced from 25,000 acres (100 km2) to less than 17,000 before it became part of the refuge.
Shabbir Ali
Shabbir Ali (born 26 January 1956) is an Indian football manager and former player. He was awarded the Dhyan Chand Award, the highest award in Indian sports for lifetime achievement, given by Government of India in 2011. He is the first footballer to be named for the Dhyan Chand Award.

Federation Cup (India)
The Federation Cup was an annual knockout football competition and the premier cup competition in men's domestic Indian football until 2017. Established in 1977, it was organized by the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The Federation Cup was eventually replaced by the Super Cup from the 2018 season.

Bengaluru were the last champions, having defeated Mohun Bagan 2–0 in the 2017 final.
Forum check
Forum checks (German: Forumscheck) were a form of hard currency in East Germany. From April 1979, all East Germans were required by law to convert any Deutsche Marks of West Germany (and other western currencies) they possessed into Forum checks at a branch of the Staatsbank der DDR immediately. A Forum check Mark was worth 1 West German Deutsche Mark, the smallest denomination was 50 Pfennigs and the highest was for 500 West German Deutsche Marks. Forum checks were accepted in Intershops as payment for western consumer goods and other products which were available in these shops only.

Forum checks were a type of foreign exchange certificate.

Foreign citizens could use western currencies in these shops.

Pfennig
The pfennig (German: [ˈpfɛnɪç] ⓘ; pl. 'pfennigs' or 'pfennige' (listenⓘ); symbol pf or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was an official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West Germany and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City of Danzig (modern Gdańsk, Poland).
Throcking
Throcking is a village in the civil parish of Cottered, in the East Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It is approximately 1.5 miles west-northwest of Buntingford and 7 miles east-northeast of Stevenage.

Throcking was recorded in the Domesday Book as Trochinge.

Throcking was historically a parish. The civil parish was abolished in 1955 and its area absorbed into the parish of Cottered. At the 1951 census (the last before the abolition of the parish), Throcking had a population of 139.

Stevenage
Stevenage (/ˈstiːvənɪdʒ/ STEE-vən-ij) is a town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about 28 miles (45 km) north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevenage was designated the United Kingdom's first New Town under the New Towns Act. In 2021 it had a population of 94,456.
Brillantaisia lancifolia
Brillantaisia lancifolia is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Scorbus
In fandom, Scorbus, also known as Albus Potter/Scorpius Malfoy, is the pairing of the fictional characters Albus Severus Potter and Scorpius Malfoy, major characters in the 2016 play Harry Potter and the Cursed Child from the Harry Potter franchise. It is a form of shipping. The two characters were initially only friends canonically. A later revision to the play following accusations of queerbaiting made their relationship more explicitly romantic.

Harry Potter fandom
The Harry Potter fandom is the community of fans of the Harry Potter books and films who participate in entertainment activities that revolve around the series, such as reading and writing fan fiction, creating and soliciting fan art, engaging in role-playing games, socialising on Harry Potter-based forums, and more. The fandom interacts online as well as offline through activities such as fan conventions, participating in cosplay, tours of iconic landmarks relevant to the books and production of the films, and parties held for the midnight release of each book and film.

By the fourth Harry Potter book, the legions of fans had grown so large that considerable security measures were taken to ensure that no copy of the book was leaked before the official release date. Harry Potter is considered one of the few four-quadrant, multi-generation spanning franchises that exist today, despite Rowling's original marketing of the books to tweens and teens.
Victoria Peak (British Columbia)
Victoria Peak is a mountain located in the Sutton Range of the Vancouver Island Ranges.  At 2163 m, it is the third highest peak on Vancouver Island.  The mountain is located on the White River valley and has mountains of comparable elevation nearby.  It is accessible as a day trip by logging road and is visible from Campbell River and the Discovery Islands.

Vancouver Island Ranges
The Vancouver Island Ranges, formerly called the Vancouver Island Mountains, are a series  of mountain ranges extending along the length of Vancouver Island which has an area of 31,788 km2 (12,273 sq mi).  The Vancouver Island Ranges comprise the central and largest part of the island.  The Geological Survey of Canada refers to Vancouver Island, Haida Gwaii, and the Alaska Panhandle as the Insular Belt including the sea floor out to 100 km (62 mi) west of Vancouver Island. The Vancouver Island Ranges are a sub-range of the Insular Mountains.
Appin railway station
Appin was a railway station in Scotland, close to the Sound of Shuna on the east shore of Loch Laiche – an arm of Loch Linnhe, Portnacroish, Appin in Argyll and Bute. It was on the Ballachulish branch line that linked Connel Ferry, on the main line of the Callander and Oban Railway, with Ballachulish.

Scottish Region of British Railways
The Scottish Region (ScR) was one of the six regions created on British Railways (BR) and consisted of ex-London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and ex-London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) lines in Scotland. It existed from the creation of BR in 1948, and was renamed to ScotRail in the mid-1980s (see separate entity for details).
2020 Russian Circuit Racing Series
The 2020 SMP Russian Circuit Racing Series was the seventh season of the Russian Circuit Racing Series, organized by SMP Racing. It was the sixth season with TCR class cars. In 2020, the GT4 and CN classes were added to the main Touring, Touring Light, Super Production and S1600 classes.

Kiril Ladygin won the Russian Touring Car Championship, driving a Lada Vesta Sport TCR. Lada Sport Rosneft clinched the teams' title. Vladislav Nezvankin won the Super Production class, driving a Lada Vesta. Vladimir Sheshenin won the Touring Light class, driving a Lada Granta. Petr Plotnikov won the S1600 class, while Egor Fokin won the S1600 Junior; they were both driving a Volkswagen Polo Sedan. Denis Remenyako with Capital Racing Team won the GT4 class, driving a Mercedes-AMG GT4.

Russian Circuit Racing Series
The Russian Circuit Racing Series (RCRS) is a national Russian racing series created in 2004. It started with four classes: touring, super-production, touring-light, and national class; and national-junior was added in 2015. Sergey Krylov was the championship's promoter beginning in 2004, until Oleg Petrikov became promoter of the series in 2014.
Healthcare reforms proposed during the Obama administration
There were a number of different health care reforms proposed during the Obama administration. Key reforms address cost and coverage and include obesity, prevention and treatment of chronic conditions, defensive medicine or tort reform, incentives that reward more care instead of better care, redundant payment systems, tax policy, rationing, a shortage of doctors and nurses, intervention vs. hospice, fraud, and use of imaging technology, among others.

The first of these reform proposals to be passed by the United States Congress is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which originated in the Senate and was later passed by the House of Representatives in amended form on March 21, 2010 (with a vote of 219–212). President Barack Obama signed the reforms into law on March 23, 2010. Reuters and CNN summarized the reforms and the year in which they take effect.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
TV Cultura
TV Cultura, or simply Cultura, is a free Brazilian non-commercial public television network headquartered in São Paulo and a part of Father Anchieta Foundation, a non-profit foundation funded by the São Paulo State Government. It focuses on educational and cultural subjects but also has sports as entertainment options.

According to research by the BBC and the British institute Populus, published in 2015, TV Cultura is the second highest quality channel in the world, behind only BBC One.

TV Brasil
TV Brasil is a Brazilian public television network owned by Empresa Brasil de Comunicação. Its main headquarters are in Brasília, DF and Rio de Janeiro, RJ, with owned-and-operated stations in São Paulo, SP and in São Luís, MA, as well as 21 states where its affiliated broadcasters operate, all components of the Rede Pública de Televisão.
Scramjet programs
Scramjet programs refers to research and testing programs for the development of supersonic combustion ramjets, known as scramjets. This list provides a short overview of national and international collaborations, and civilian and military programs. The USA, Russia, India, and China (2014), have succeeded at developing scramjet technologies.

Cruise missile
A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided missile that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large payload over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of traveling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory.
Enrico Dandolo (patriot)
Enrico Dandolo (26 June 1827 in Varese – night of 3 June 1849, during the riots around Villa Corsini, Rome) was an Italian patriot and soldier who took part in the Risorgimento. He came from a family with a long tradition of participation in the Italian wars of independence. He participated in the Five Days of Milan uprising of 1848. He later joined the defence of the Roman Republic in 1849, where he met a heroic death.

Bersaglieri
The Bersaglieri, singular Bersagliere (Italian pronunciation: [bersaʎˈʎɛːri], "sharpshooter"), are a  troop of marksmen in the Italian Army's infantry corps. They were originally created by General Alessandro Ferrero La Marmora on 18 June 1836 to serve in the Royal Sardinian Army, which later became the Royal Italian Army. They can be recognized by their distinctive wide-brimmed hat decorated with black western capercaillie feathers, which is worn with the dress uniform. The feathers are also applied to their combat helmets.
1883–84 West Bromwich Albion F.C. season
The 1883–84 season was the sixth season in the history of West Bromwich Albion Football Club. Albion played their home matches at the Four Acres during the season, and the team wore a chocolate and white coloured kit. The club competed in the FA Cup for the first time, losing in the first round. They did reach the final of the Staffordshire Senior Cup, but were defeated by St George's in the final. Albion also participated in the Birmingham Senior Cup, Birmingham Charity Cup and Wednesbury Charity Cup, but were eliminated at the semi-final stage of all three competitions.

Birmingham Senior Cup
The Birmingham Senior Cup is a regional football competition for Birmingham County FA club teams, organised by the Birmingham County Football Association. It began in 1876 and is the oldest county cup competition still active and the third oldest in the world overall.

The Birmingham Senior Cup is a regional cup contest, which has featured all of the West Midlands' big clubs, Aston Villa, Birmingham City, Burton Albion, Coventry City, Port Vale, Stoke City,  West Bromwich Albion, Walsall and Wolverhampton Wanderers.

In recent years many of region's higher division clubs have tended to treat the cup as a reserve or academy/youth team competition, giving non-league sides a greater chance of success, while the competition's most successful team, Aston Villa, did not compete at all for several years, before returning for the 2018-19 competition.  In the 2016–17 season, Leamington became the first team to win the cup in a penalty shootout, defeating Wolverhampton Wanderers.
Las Rosas, Santa Fe
Las Rosas is a city in the southwest of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located 165 km (103 mi) from the provincial capital. It has about 13,689  inhabitants as per the 2010 census [INDEC], and it is the head town of the Belgrano Department, which also comprises the municipalities of Armstrong, Bouquet, Las Parejas, Montes de Oca, and Tortugas.

Las Rosas was founded in 1889 by Guillermo Kemmis & Dickinson bros, and was officially recognized on January 1, 1882, becoming a city on August 20, 1967.

Summers there are warm, humid, wet, and mostly clear and the winters are short, cold, dry, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 41 °F to 87 °F and is rarely below 30 °F or above 95 °F.

Las Parejas
Las Parejas is a city in the southwest of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, on National Route 178. Las Parejas has 11,301 inhabitants as per the 2001 census [INDEC].

The town was founded in 1889 on lands belonging to the Ferrocarril Central Argentino railway company. The communal jurisdiction was established on 6 October 1902. The commune officially became a city on 27 June 1986.

The economy of Las Parejas is based on agriculture and (on a smaller scale) cattle farming. Industries have experienced a surge, especially the manufacturing of agricultural machinery, since the turn of the 21st century. Las Parejas and Armstrong are home to 20% of the productive capacity of this industry, which supplies a growing local demand and is beginning to export. Las Parejas was declared "Provincial Capital of the Small and Medium Enterprise" in 2004.
Telford services
Telford services is a motorway service area that was opened on 17 March 2023 off Junction 4 of the M54 motorway, near the town of Telford, Shropshire, England. The services are located just to the east of Stafford Park Industrial Estate, and west of Shifnal.

It is the only service station on the motorway and, if travelling east, the last service station before Corley on the M6 or Frankley on the M5.

Corley services
Corley services is a motorway service station between junctions 3 and 3A of the M6 motorway in the county of Warwickshire, England. It is close to the village of Corley, with the nearest city being Coventry several miles to the south, with Birmingham being situated slightly further to the west. A footbridge, made of concrete but now clad in green fibreglass panelling, spans the motorway to link services on both sides.