hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3-Aminobiphenyl
3-Aminobiphenyl is an organic compound with the formula C6H5C6H4NH2.  It is one of three monoamine derivatives of biphenyl.  It is a colorless solid, although aged samples can appear colored.  It is obtained from 3-bromoaniline and phenylboronic acid by Suzuki coupling.

Biphenyl
Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless  crystals.  Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl.

It has a distinctively pleasant smell. Biphenyl is an aromatic hydrocarbon with a molecular formula (C6H5)2. It is notable as a starting material for the production of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were once widely used as dielectric fluids and heat transfer agents.

Biphenyl is also an intermediate for the production of a host of other organic compounds such as emulsifiers, optical brighteners, crop protection products, and plastics. Biphenyl is insoluble in water, but soluble in typical organic solvents. The biphenyl molecule consists of two connected phenyl rings.
Robert Cramer (Swiss politician)
Robert Christian Cramer (born 7 February 1954 in Amsterdam) is a Swiss politician and member of the Green Party of Switzerland. He was educated as a  lawyer at the University of Geneva.

From 1988 to 1990, he was head of the cantonal section Green party of Geneva. Cramer was a member of the municipal council of the city of Geneva from 1995 to 1997 and cantonal council of the Canton of Geneva from 1997 to 2005.

Cramer was elected as a representative of the Canton of Geneva in the Swiss Council of States in the 2007 elections.

Council of States (Switzerland)
The Council of States is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the other house  being the National Council. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism.

It comprises 46 members. Twenty of the country's cantons are represented by two councillors each. Six cantons, traditionally called "half cantons", are represented by one councillor each for historical reasons. These are Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden. The councillors serve for four years, and are not bound in their vote to instructions from the cantonal authorities.
Endorfun
Endorfun is a 1995 puzzle video game developed by Onesong Partners and published by Time Warner Interactive for Microsoft Windows and Macintosh. It was later released in Japan under the title Cu-On-Pa for the Super Famicom and PlayStation. A Nintendo 64 version was announced (again under the title Cu-On-Pa) but never released. The game achieved notoriety for the extensive use of spoken "positive affirmations" on its soundtrack.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Frederic N. Smalkin
Frederic N. Smalkin (born May 21, 1946) is a retired United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland and is currently a professor at the University of Baltimore School of Law, where he was awarded the James A. May award for excellence in teaching and mentoring.

Smalkin currently serves as the chair of the Maryland Environmental Service Board of Directors. He also has served as chairman of the Maryland Governor's Emergency Management Advisory Council and the Maryland Commission on Law Enforcement Body-Worn Cameras.  He has served in the grade of brigadier general in, and has been the commanding general of, the Maryland Defense Force, as well as having served as a lieutenant colonel in the Civil Air Patrol, the U.S. Air Force Auxiliary. He was also a captain in the Regular United States Army.

University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
The University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law (formerly University of Maryland School of Law from 1924 to 2011) is the law school of the University of Maryland, Baltimore. It is located in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1816, it is one of the oldest law schools in the United States.

The law school is fully accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA). It is a member of the Association of American Law Schools and has a chapter of the Order of the Coif honor society.
Controversies regarding COVID-19 contracts in the United Kingdom
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, the British government decided in March 2020 to rapidly place contracts and recruit a number of individuals. Shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) were a particular political issue for the second Johnson ministry. This led to the awarding of a number of contracts without a competitive tendering process, and friends of political figures and people who had made political donations were quickly given contracts.

As a result, accusations of cronyism were made against the Conservative government, and in September 2024 the new Labour government announced a commissioner would be appointed and investigations begun into any criminal activity.

Second Johnson ministry
The second Johnson ministry began on 16 December 2019, three days after Boris Johnson's audience with Queen Elizabeth II where she invited him to form a new government following the 2019 general election. The Conservative Party was returned to power with a majority of 80 seats in the House of Commons. Initially the ministers were largely identical to those at the end of the first Johnson ministry, but changed significantly in cabinet reshuffles in February 2020 and September 2021.

In July 2022, following a government crisis as a result of dozens of resignations from his government, Johnson announced his resignation as leader of the Conservative Party. Johnson pledged to remain as prime minister and lead a 'caretaker' government until a new Conservative Party leader had been elected. The election results were revealed on Monday 5 September 2022, and the new leader Liz Truss became prime minister on 6 September, resulting in the cabinet's dissolution.
Hwange National Park Airport
Hwange National Park Airport (IATA: HWN, ICAO: FVWN) is an airport in Zimbabwe that once served the tourist industry around the Hwange National Park, in the northwest of the country. It is located 35 NM Southeast of Hwange Town.

The airport is used by private charter and shuttle air services.  Due to economic constraints, and the economic problems of Air Zimbabwe which formerly served the airport, the airport was neglected for a number of years, and scheduled services were limited. Fastjet commenced scheduled services in April 2023 but the service ceased. No airlines use the airport.

Hwange National Park
Hwange National Park (formerly Wankie Game Reserve) is the largest natural reserve in Zimbabwe. It measures around 14,600 km2 (5,600 sq mi) in area. It lies in the northwest of the country, just off the main road between Bulawayo and Victoria Falls. The nearest town is Dete.
1990 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao general election
General elections were held for the first time on February 12, 1990, in the newly created Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao for the regional governor and vice governor.

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao region was first created on August 1, 1989, through Republic Act No. 6734 otherwise known as the Organic Act in pursuance with a constitutional mandate to provide for an autonomous area in Muslim Mindanao. A plebiscite was held in the provinces of Basilan, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Palawan, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur; and in the cities of Cotabato, Dapitan, Dipolog, General Santos, Iligan, Marawi, Pagadian, Puerto Princesa and Zamboanga to determine if the residents would want to be part of the ARMM. Of the areas where the plebiscites were held only Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi voted favorably for inclusion in the new autonomous region.

Maguindanao
Maguindanao (locally [maˈɡindɐnaʊ, -ginˈdanaʊ]; Maguindanaon: Dairat nu Magindanaw; Iranun: Perobinsia a Magindanao; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Maguindanao) was a province of the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). From 2014 to 2023, its provincial capital was Buluan, but the legislative branch of government, the Maguindanao Provincial Board, convened at the old provincial capitol in Sultan Kudarat. It bordered Lanao del Sur to the north, Cotabato to the east, Sultan Kudarat to the south, and Illana Bay to the west.

It is now used collectively to refer to the provinces of Maguindanao del Sur and Maguindanao del Norte, with which it was replaced with since January 9, 2023 after a division of the province was approved in a plebiscite on September 18, 2022 .
Ulvsunda
Ulvsunda is a district in Bromma in western Stockholm, just east of Stockholm Bromma Airport, built around Ulvsunda Castle, a 17th-century castle. Ulvsunda borders the ulvsunda industrial area to the north, Lake Ulvsunda and Traneberg to the east, Alvik and Stora Mossen to the south, and Riksby to the west. The southeastern part of Lillsjön is part of Ulvsunda and straight through the district stretches Ulvsundavägen.

The borough of Ulvsunda was formed in 1932 after the area changed its name from "kungsholms villastad" to "Ulvsunda trädgårdsstad" a few years prior.

Traneberg
Traneberg is a residential district in western Stockholm (Västerort) and part of the Bromma borough. For the 1912 Summer Olympics, Tranebergs Idrottsplats hosted some of the football competitions.

Most of the district was built between 1934 and 1940.
Kesternich test
The Kesternich test is a common name for the corrosion test with sulfur dioxide (SO2) under general moisture condensation. This test was developed in 1951 by Wilhelm Kesternich to simulate the damaging effects of acid rain. 
Acid rain and acidic industrial pollutants are corrosive and can degrade coatings and plated surfaces. Kesternich testing, or sulfur dioxide testing, simulates acid rain or industrial chemical exposure to evaluate the relative corrosion resistance of the coating, substrate, or part itself. The test can be used for coatings or for base materials. 
The test method is defined by various standards,  DIN EN ISO 6988, DIN 50018, ASTM G87, ISO 3231, ISO 22479 are the most common. The parts to be tested are placed in a test chamber with a capacity of 300L and exposed to warm, moist air in combination with a certain amount of sulfur dioxide

Note: Sulfur is interchangeable with Sulphur and SO2 is the abbreviation for Sulfur/Sulphur Dioxide

Deutsches Institut für Normung
Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (DIN; in English, the German Institute for Standardisation) is a German non-profit organization and acting as national organization for standardization. DIN is the German ISO member body. DIN is headquartered in Berlin. There are around thirty thousand DIN Standards, covering nearly every field of technology.
Kailash Rai Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Jhumri Telaiya
Kailash Rai Saraswati Vidya Mandir is a secondary school in Kodarma, India. It opened in 1987 with a population of 27 students. The school functions under the guidance and supervision of Vidya Bharati Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Sansthan. Today there are more than 1500 students, who take classes from Pre-Nursery to Std XII (Commerce and Science streams). The medium of instruction is English but equal emphasis is placed on the study and proficiency in Hindi and Sanskrit. It is a co-educational school (10+2) affiliated with CBSE

Kodarma
Kodarma (also spelled as Koderma) is a city and a notified area in the Koderma subdivision of the Koderma district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is also the administrative headquarter of Koderma district.
Party lists for the 2024 South African election
This article displays the various political parties' party candidate lists for the 2024 South African general election.

The National Assembly of South Africa is elected every five years by party-list proportional representation using closed lists.

The lists were first published on 26 March 2024, with the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) allowing objections to be lodged, pending a final decision on 28 March 2024. In lists available on 27 March 2024, it was noticed that five parties had been removed, without notice from the IEC; Africa Restoration Alliance, All Game Changers, Arise South Africa, Bolsheviks Party of South Africa and Defenders of the People.

Incumbent Members of Parliament standing for re-election are highlighted in bold.

Athol Trollip
Roland Athol Price Trollip (born 12 March 1964) is a South African politician and provincial chairman of ActionSA in the Eastern Cape.

He currently serves as the Parliamentary Leader of ActionSA in the National Assembly.

He was previously a member of the Democratic Alliance (DA), serving as the Federal Chairperson of the DA from 2015 to 2019 and the Executive Mayor of the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, serving from 2016 until he was unseated in a vote of no confidence in 2018.

Trollip has served as a member of the National Assembly and as a member of the Provincial Legislature of the Eastern Cape Province. He served as Parliamentary Leader of the opposition between 2009 and 2011. He was the provincial leader of the DA in the Eastern Cape from 2002 until he was replaced on 6 May 2017 by Nqaba Bhanga.
Aria the Scarlet Ammo
Aria the Scarlet Ammo (Japanese: 緋弾のアリア, Hepburn: Hidan no Aria) is a Japanese light novel series written by Chūgaku Akamatsu and illustrated by Kobuichi. As of December 2025, 44 main volumes have been published by Media Factory under their MF Bunko J label. A manga adaptation by Yoshino Koyoka started serialization in the seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Alive in September 2009. An anime adaptation aired between April and June 2011. An original video animation (OVA) episode was released on December 21, 2011. A spin-off manga titled Aria the Scarlet Ammo AA by Shogako Tachibana was serialized in Square Enix's Young Gangan magazine from November 2010 to May 2018, with an anime adaptation by Doga Kobo airing between October and December 2015.

M1911 pistol
The Colt M1911 (also known as 1911, Colt 1911, Colt .45, or Colt Government in the case of Colt-produced models) is a single-action, recoil-operated, semi-automatic pistol chambered primarily for the .45 ACP cartridge.
Zamin Sang
Zamin Sang (Persian: زمين سنگ, romanized: Zamīn Sang) is a village in Hasanlangi Rural District, Shamil District, Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,551, in 314 families.

Shamil District
Shamil District (Persian: بخش شمیل) is in Bandar Abbas County, 
Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Shamil, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,455 in 436 households.
Li Jianzhen
Li Jianzhen (Chinese: 李坚真; 1907 – March 30, 1992) was a female People's Republic of China politician. She was born in Fengshun County, Guangdong. A follower of Peng Pai, she participated in the Guangzhou Uprising of 1927. As a member of the Chinese Red Army, she was active in Changting County, Fujian, which was part of the Jiangxi Soviet. At the end of the Long March, she arrived in Shaanbei and was in the border region of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia during the Second Sino-Japanese War. She later returned to her home province. She was a delegate to seven consecutive National People's Congresses, from the 1st (1954–1959) to the 7th (1988–1993). She died in Guangzhou.

Peng Pai
Peng Pai (Chinese: 彭湃; pinyin: Péng Pài; Wade–Giles: P'êng2 P'ai4; October 22, 1896 – August 30, 1929) was a pioneer of the Chinese agrarian movement and a leading revolutionary in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during its early years. He was born in Haifeng, Guangdong Province, China. Peng Pai was one of the few Chinese intellectuals who were aware in the early 1920s that peasantry and land issues caused the most critical problems for Chinese society. He believed that the success of any revolution in China must depend on the peasants as its base foundation. After his death, Peng was praised by Mao Zedong as "the king of peasant movement".
The House of Love and Prayer
The House of Love and Prayer was a Hasidic Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 347 Arguello Boulevard, in the Richmond district of San Francisco, California, in the United States.

Founded in spring/April 1968 by rebbe Shlomo Carlebach, the congregation had a short existence, lasting just ten years. Despite its Hasidic origins, the rituals of worship were inspired by the American counterculture movement, and attracted young, non-affiliated Jews. The congregation eventually disbanded, and some of the congregants relocated to Israel, founding Moshav Mevo Modi'im in 1975.

Mevo Modi'im
Mevo Modi'im (Hebrew: מְבוֹא מוֹדִיעִים, lit. Modi'im Gateway), officially Me'or Modi'im (Hebrew: מְאוֹר מוֹדִיעִים), is a moshav in central Israel. It is also known as the Carlebach Moshav. Located north-west of Modi'in on Highway 443, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 199. In 2019, a fire destroyed most of Mevo Modi'im and it is currently in the process of reconstruction and expansion.
Technical defense
A technical defense is one used by a defendant to seek acquittal based on the technicalities of the law. It is in contrast to a political defense which seeks to use political arguments to persuade a jury to nullify. Sometimes the desire to convince a jury on political and moral grounds is so strong that political defendants will reject a potent technical defense.

Political defense
A political defense is a defense to a criminal charge in which the defendant asserts at trial the political motivations behind the allegedly criminal conduct.  In some circumstances, the defendant might assert political motivations in order to seek acquittal.  In other circumstances, defendants might not have a realistic hope of acquittal but may nevertheless use the trial as a forum for expressing political views.

A political defense is distinguished from a legal defense.  A legal defense, or a "technical defense", seeks acquittal by demonstrating that the defendant's conduct did not satisfy all of the elements of the alleged crime.  In a political defense, the defendant might concede that the conduct took place, but attempt to convince the jury or the public that the conduct was inherently just because of its political motivation.  Some defendants might offer both a technical defense and a political defense.
Košice-Západ
Košice-Západ (literally: "Košice-West", Hungarian: Kassa-Nyugat) is a borough (city ward) of Košice, Slovakia. Located in the Košice II district, at an altitude of roughly 243 metres (797 ft) above sea level, it is the most populous borough of the entire city. It borders the borough of Old Town in the east, Košice-Sever in the north, Sídlisko KVP in the west, Luník IX in the southwest and Košice-Juh in the southeast. The area of the borough is frequently nicknamed "Terasa".

Košice-Sever
Košice-Sever (English: Košice-North, Hungarian: Kassa-Észak) is a borough (city ward) of Košice, Slovakia. Located in the Košice I district, it lies at an altitude of roughly 260 metres (850 ft) above sea level. It is one of the more populous boroughs of the city, as well as the largest of all 22 boroughs, which contributes to its low overall population density. Along with the neighbouring borough of Kavečany, Košice-Sever is the most popular recreational area in the city, frequented particularly by locals, but also visitors.
Selenicereus costaricensis
Selenicereus costaricensis, synonym Hylocereus costaricensis, known as the Costa Rican pitahaya or Costa Rica nightblooming cactus, is a cactus species native to Central America and north-eastern South America.  The species is grown commercially for its fruit, called pitaya or pitahaya, but is also an impressive ornamental vine with huge flowers. The species may not be distinct from Selenicereus monacanthus.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
East Point Military Reservation
East Point Military Reservation was a World War I and World War II coastal defense site located in Nahant, Massachusetts. In 1955–62 it was a Nike missile launch site. In 1967 the site was converted into the Marine Science Center of Northeastern University.

Coast Artillery fire control system
In the U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps, the term fire control system was used to refer to the personnel, facilities, technology and procedures that were used to observe designated targets, estimate their positions, calculate firing data for guns directed to hit those targets, and assess the effectiveness of such fire, making corrections where necessary.
Cerro Maravilla
Cerro Maravilla is Puerto Rico's fourth highest peak at 1,205 meters (3,953 ft). It is located on the northern edge Barrio Anón in Ponce, close to the border with the municipality Jayuya, and is part of the Cordillera Central (Central Mountain Range). It is known as El Cerro de los Mártires ("Mountain of the Martyrs") and characterized as the most infamous peak in Puerto Rico, due to the 1978 Cerro Maravilla murders which took place here.

Cordillera Central (Puerto Rico)
The Cordillera Central (English: "Central Mountain Range") is the only mountain range in the main island of Puerto Rico, consisting of three subranges: the western-central Cordillera Central, the southeastern Sierra de Cayey, and the northeastern Sierra de Luquillo. Bordered by the Northern Karst Belt to the northwest and costal plains to the north and south, the numerous ridges and foothills of the three subranges combined extend throughout the island. Concentrated in the western to central region of the island, the eponymous main subrange of Cordillera Central originates in the municipality of Mayagüez and merges with the Sierra de Cayey subrange on the town boundary between the municipalities of Barranquitas and Aibonito. At 1,338 meters (4,390 ft) on the town line between Ponce and Jayuya, Cerro de Punta is the summit of the Cordillera Central and the highest point in Puerto Rico.