hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sport in Chile
Sports in Chile are performed at both amateur and professional levels, practiced both at home and abroad to develop and improve, or simply represent the country. Association football is the most popular sport in Chile, and is played for a range of reasons. However, the country's most successful sport is tennis. In rural areas, Chilean rodeo is the most practiced sport in Chile, which is the national sport. Chile has achieved great international success in other sports, and there have been important figures, however, such exploits are not known to the general population because they are not sports that have been popular throughout the country.

The country has experience as host of major global sporting events such as the 1959 Basketball World Cup, 1962 FIFA World Cup, 1992 and 2015 World Polo Championships and multisport events: 1986 and 2014 South American Games and the 2023 Pan American Games.

World Polo Championship
The World Polo Championship is an international polo competition between countries. The event is organised by the sport's governing body, the Federation of International Polo (FIP), and is contested by the national teams. There is no restriction on the gender of the players. The inaugural tournament was held in 1987, hosted by Argentina, and is now contested every three or four years.
Allophycocyanin
Allophycocyanin ("other algal blue protein"; from Greek: ἄλλος (allos) meaning "other", φύκος (phykos) meaning “alga”, and κυανός (kyanos) meaning "blue") is a protein from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, along with phycocyanin, phycoerythrin and phycoerythrocyanin. It is an accessory pigment to chlorophyll. All phycobiliproteins are water-soluble and therefore cannot exist within the membrane like carotenoids, but aggregate, forming clusters that adhere to the membrane called phycobilisomes. Allophycocyanin absorbs and emits red light (650 and 660 nm max, respectively), and is readily found in Cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae), and red algae. Phycobilin pigments have fluorescent properties that are used in immunoassay kits. In flow cytometry, it is often abbreviated APC.  To be effectively used in applications such as FACS, High-Throughput Screening (HTS) and microscopy, APC needs to be chemically cross-linked.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Prince Gennaro of Naples and Sicily
Prince Gennaro of Naples and Sicily (Gennaro Carlo Francesco; 12 April 1780 – 1 January 1789) was a Prince of Naples and Sicily. He died of smallpox at age 8. He and his mother are the central figures of a portrait by Angelica Kauffman in 1783.

Angelica Kauffman
Maria Anna Angelika Kauffmann RA (/ˈkaʊfmən/ KOWF-mən; 30 October 1741 – 5 November 1807), usually known in English as Angelica Kauffman, was a Swiss painter who had a successful career in London and Rome. Remembered primarily as a history painter, Kauffman was a skilled portraitist, landscape and decoration painter. She was, along with Mary Moser, one of two female painters among the founding members of the Royal Academy of Art in London in 1768.
Masaka–Mbarara Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Masaka–Mbarara Water Supply and Sanitation Project (MMWSSP) is a water intake, purification, distribution and waste water collection and disposal system in the cities of Masaka and Mbarara in the Central Region and the Western Region of Uganda. The project is intended to meet the water supply and sanitation needs of approximately 1,055,000 by 2030. The work is to be carried out by the Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment through the parastatal utility company, National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC). Funding (loan and grants) has been provided by the French Development Agency and the European Union.

Central Region, Uganda
The Central region is one of the four regions in the country of Uganda. As of Uganda's 2014 census, the region's population was 9,529,227. It is coterminous with the Kingdom of Buganda, one of the ancient African monarchies that are constitutionally recognised in Uganda.
Lower Trail
The Lower Trail (/'laʊ.ər/, rhymes with "flower") is a 16.5-mile (26.6 km) rail trail that follows the Juniata River in West-Central Pennsylvania from Flowing Springs in Blair County to Alfarata in Huntingdon County. The Lower Trail is owned and maintained by Rails to Trails of Central Pennsylvania, a 501(c)(3) organization. The trail follows the path of the former Pennsylvania Railroad Petersburg Branch along the Frankstown Branch of the Juniata River. It is open free of charge to the public, though donations are accepted at all trailheads. The portion of the Lower Trail from Alfarata to Williamsburg is part of the Pennsylvania Mid State Trail and Great Eastern Trail. In 2009, the trail was designated as a National Recreation Trail by the United States Department of the Interior.

Juniata River
The Juniata River (/ˌdʒuːniˈætə/) is an approximately 104 mi (167 km) long tributary of the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania. The river is considered scenic along much of its route, having a broad and shallow course passing through several mountain ridges and steeply lined water gaps. It formed an early 18th-century frontier region in Pennsylvania and was the site of French-allied Native American attacks against English colonial settlements during the French and Indian War.

The watershed of the river encompasses an area of approximately 3,400 square miles (8,800 km2), approximately one-eighth of the drainage area of the Susquehanna. Approximately two-thirds of the watershed is forested. It is the second largest tributary of the Susquehanna after the West Branch Susquehanna.
Morrolepis
Morrolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric coccolepidid "palaeoniscoid" ray-finned fish that lived during the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous epochs in Europe, Asia and North America.

The type species is Morrolepis schaefferi from the Morrison Formation (Colorado, Utah), measuring approximately 20 centimetres (7.9 in) in length.  The other species were previously referred to the genus Coccolepis. Including M. andrewsi (Woodward, 1891) from the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Group, England and M. aniscowitchi (Gorizdor-Kulczycka, 1926) from the late Middle Jurassic-early Late Jurassic (Callovian/Oxfordian) Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan.

Karabastau Formation
The Karabastau Formation (Kazakh: Qarabastaý svıtasy) is a geological formation and lagerstätte in the Karatau Mountains of southern Kazakhstan whose strata date to the Middle to Late Jurassic. It is an important locality for insect fossils that has been studied since the early 20th century, alongside the rarer remains of vertebrates, including pterosaurs, salamanders, lizards and crocodiles.
Pocheon
Pocheon (Korean: 포천; Korean pronunciation: [pʰo.tɕʰʌn]) is an inland city in northeast Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It covers 826.48 km (513.55 mi)2 with a population of 160,176 people, according to the 2008 census. Pocheon lies between Seoul and the mountainous northwestern areas of Gangwon Province. The city borders Yeoncheon county, with the cities of Dongducheon and Yangju to the west, along with Uijeongbu, and Namyangju of Gyeonggi province to the south. It also borders Hwacheon county of Gangwon province on its eastern border and Cheorwon is to the north. Alongside the adjoining Gapyeong, Pocheon consists of the highest mountainous areas in Gyeonggi province. The current city of Pocheon was created after Pocheon-hyeon and Yeongpyeong counties were merged. The north part of the city used to be part of Yeongpyeong county while the south used to be part of Pocheon-hyeon.

Dongducheon
Dongducheon (Korean: 동두천; Korean pronunciation: [ˈto̞ŋ.du.tɕʰʌ̹n]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.

The city, to the north of Seoul, is strategically important for the defense of the Korean capital. The main camps of the United States Second Infantry Division are in the city, and the division command is at Uijeongbu.
Rutgers Campus Buses
Rutgers Campus Buses are a zero-fare bus service used by students at Rutgers University campuses. It is the second-largest bus service in New Jersey after NJ Transit, and one of the largest university bus systems in the United States. Service is provided by Transdev and Academy Bus Lines year-round, including weekends and holidays. Late night shuttle service for students is provided by Rutgers Department of Transportation Services (known as the "Knight Mover") when the New Brunswick campus transit system is not in service. Football and other event shuttles are operated by Academy Bus Lines. Academy Bus Lines took over Newark service on January 20, 2026, and will take over New Brunswick in July 2026.

Free public transport
Free public transport, often called fare-free public transit or zero-fare public transport, is public transport which is fully funded by means other than collecting fares from passengers. It may be funded by national, regional or local government through taxation, and/or by commercial sponsorship by businesses.  Alternatively, the concept of "free-ness" may take other forms, such as no-fare access via a card which may or may not be paid for in its entirety by the user.

On 29 February 2020, Luxembourg became the first country in the world to make all public transport in the country (buses, trams, and trains) free to use. On 1 October 2022, Malta made its public transport free on most routes, though unlike in Luxembourg, this applies only to residents.

As some transit lines intended to operate with fares initially start service, the organisation may elect not to collect fares for an introductory period to create interest or to test operations.
Washington and Lee University
Washington and Lee University (Washington and Lee or W&L) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Virginia, United States. Established in 1749 as Augusta Academy, it is among the oldest institutions of higher learning in the US.

Washington and Lee's 325-acre campus sits at the edge of Lexington and abuts the campus of the Virginia Military Institute in the Shenandoah Valley region between the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Allegheny Mountains. The institution consists of three academic units: the college itself; the Williams School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics; and the School of Law. It hosts 24 intercollegiate varsity athletic teams which compete as part of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA Division III).

Franklin Templeton Investments
Franklin Resources, Inc. is an American multinational investment management holding company that, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to as Franklin Templeton; it is a global investment firm founded in New York City in 1947 as Franklin Distributors, Inc. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol BEN, in honor of Benjamin Franklin, for whom the company is named, and who was admired by founder Rupert Johnson Sr. In 1973, the company's headquarters moved from New York to San Mateo, California.
1997 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 1997 Grand Prix Hassan II was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Complexe Al Amal in Casablanca, Morocco and was part of the World Series of the 1997 ATP Tour. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from 24 March through 30 March 1997. Second-seeded Hicham Arazi won the singles title.

1997 ATP Tour
The 1997 ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional tennis organised by the ATP that year. The ATP Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP Tour World Championships, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
Borescope
A borescope (occasionally called a boroscope, though this spelling is nonstandard) is an optical instrument designed to assist visual inspection of narrow, difficult-to-reach cavities, consisting of a rigid or flexible tube with an eyepiece or display on one end, an objective lens or camera on the other, linked together by an optical or electrical system in between. The optical system in some instances is accompanied by (typically fiberoptic) illumination to enhance brightness and contrast.  An internal image of the illuminated object is formed by the objective lens and magnified by the eyepiece which presents it to the viewer's eye.

Rigid or flexible borescopes may be externally linked to a photography or videography device.  For medical use, similar instruments are called endoscopes.

Optical instrument
An optical instrument is a device that processes light waves (or photons), either to enhance an image for viewing or to analyze and determine their characteristic properties. Common examples include periscopes, microscopes, telescopes, and cameras.
Neudeck Palace
Neudeck Palace (Polish: Zamek w Świerklańcu; German: Schloss Neudeck; Silesian: Zōmek we Swierklancie) was the residence of the aristrocratic Henckel von Donnersmarck family in Upper Silesia. The palace complex and park was one of the largest and most magnificent in the German Empire and was popularly known as Little Versailles or Upper Silesian Versailles. It is located around two kilometers south-east of the town of Neudeck (Polish: Świerklaniec) in the Tarnowskie Góry County in Poland.

The Old and New Palace were set on fire by the Red Army in 1945 and demolished in August 1961. Today, the complex consists of the palace park, the Cavalier Palace, the Donnersmarck funeral chapel and several farm buildings and monuments.

Henckel von Donnersmarck
The House of Henckel von Donnersmarck is an Austro-German noble family that originated in the former region of Spiš in Upper Hungary (now in Slovakia). The founder of the family was Henckel de Quintoforo in the 14th century. The original seat of the family was in Donnersmarck (Slovak: Spišský Štvrtok), which was then within the Kingdom of Hungary but is now part of Slovakia. The family was ennobled in 1607 by Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor. Members of the family were granted other noble titles and privileges in 1636 by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, in 1651 by Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria, in 1661 by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, and in 1901 by Wilhelm II, German Emperor. In 1531, the family moved to Silesia. They were expelled from Silesia, along with other German families, in 1945 by the Soviet Army and settled in Germany and Austria.
Alexander S. Williams
Alexander S. Williams (July 9, 1839 – March 25, 1917) was an American law enforcement officer and police inspector for the New York City Police Department. One of the more colorful yet controversial figures of the NYPD, popularly known as "Clubber Williams" or "Czar of the Tenderloin", he oversaw the Tenderloin and Gas House districts as well as breaking up a number of the city's street gangs, most notably, the Gas House Gang in 1871. He, along with William "Big Bill" Devery and Thomas F. Byrnes, were among several senior NYPD officials implicated by the Lexow Committee during the 1890s.

Thomas F. Byrnes
Thomas F. Byrnes (June 15, 1842 – May 7, 1910) was an Irish-born American police officer, who served as head of the New York City Police Department detective department from 1880 until 1895, who popularized the terms "rogues' gallery" and "third degree".
Carcar
Carcar, officially the City of Carcar (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Carcar; Filipino: Lungsod ng Carcar), is a component city in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 140,308 people.

Archdiocese of Ozamis
The Archdiocese of Ozamis is a metropolitan Latin Catholic archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the province of Misamis Occidental. The archdiocese cathedral is the Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Ozamiz City, and its present archbishop is Martin Jumoad. The official spelling of the archdiocese is Ozamis, while the city it is located in is Ozamiz.

The larger ecclesiastical province over which the archbishop of Ozamis serves as metropolitan see covers the northwestern portion of the island of Mindanao, including the highly urbanized city of Iligan and the provinces of Misamis Occidental, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur.
Johanne Philippine Nathusius
Johanne Philippine Nathusius (18 November 1828 – 28 May 1885) was the founder, in 1861, of the "Elisabethstift", set up as an institution for looking after mentally disabled boys from socially disadvantaged families.   As the children grew to adulthood she expanded the remit of the "Elisabethstift" to embrace provision of education, specialist workshops and an auxiliary school for those in her care.  Mindful that every individual had his own needs and potential, she took care to ensure that individually suitable employment opportunities were found.   She was deeply influenced by her religious beliefs, and convinced that the sick and handicapped who were obliged to live out their lives on the fringes of society, were all loved by God, and she tried to give meaning to the lives of all those for whom she cared through the provision of appropriated education and work chances.

Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria
Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria (13 November 1801 – 14 December 1873) was queen of Prussia as the wife of King Frederick William IV. By birth, she was a Bavarian princess from the House of Wittelsbach; she was related to the ruling houses of Austria and Saxony through the marriages of her sisters. She supported her husband's interests in art and made charitable donations.
2012–13 SS Lazio season
The 2012–13 season was the 113th season in Società Sportiva Lazio's history and their club's 25th consecutive season in the top-flight of Italian football. The club competed in Serie A, the Coppa Italia, and the UEFA Europa League.

2012–13 Serie A
The 2012–13 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 111th season of top-tier Italian football, the 81st in a round-robin tournament, and the 3rd since its organization under a league committee separate from Serie B. It began on 25 August 2012 and ended on 19 May 2013. Juventus were the defending champions.

A total of 20 teams contested the league, comprising 17 sides from the 2011–12 season and three promoted from the 2011–12 Serie B. As in the previous years, Nike provided the official ball for all matches, with a new Nike Maxim Serie A model to be used throughout the season for all matches.

On 21 August 2012, FIGC allowed Serie A teams to have up to 12 substitution players on the bench for each game.
Marcus Wallenberg Jr.
Marcus "Dodde" Wallenberg Jr. RoKKMO (5 October 1899 – 13 September 1982), was a Swedish banker, business manager and member of the Swedish Wallenberg family. He was the most influential representative for the Swedish industrial tradition and Swedish business’ during the 20th century. He was the CEO of Stockholms Enskilda Bank 1946–1958 and during half a century – from the early 1930s until his death in 1982 – he led and reconstructed many of Sweden's largest companies. During World War II, Marcus, together with Erik Boheman, were appointed to conduct the Swedish trade negotiations.

Marcus Wallenberg had a big interest in sailing and tennis. He participated in the 1936 Olympic sailing competitions and was a Swedish elite tennis player. He received a technological honorary degree from Royal Institute of Technology.

The historian of business and author Ronald Fagerfjäll describes him as Europe's most powerful banker of the 20th century.

International Chamber of Commerce
The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC; French: Chambre de commerce internationale) is a global business organization representing companies and associations in over 170 countries. ICC represents a broad range of sectors and business sizes. Its current chair is Philippe Varin and its Secretary General is John W.H. Denton AO.

ICC's main activities are rule setting, dispute resolution, and policy advocacy. Its rules, while voluntary, are widely used in international commercial transactions. National committees in over 90 countries advocate business priorities at national and regional levels, and more than 5,000 experts from member companies contribute to ICC policy positions through specialized commissions.

ICC holds Observer Status at the United Nations General Assembly and consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It represents business interests at international forums including the World Trade Organization and G20.
Variable-mass system
In mechanics, a variable-mass system is a collection of matter whose mass varies with time. It can be confusing to try to apply Newton's second law of motion directly to such a system. Instead, the time dependence of the mass m can be calculated by rearranging Newton's second law and adding a term to account for the momentum carried by mass entering or leaving the system. The general equation of variable-mass motion is written as

where Fext is the net external force on the body, vrel is the relative velocity of the escaping or incoming mass with respect to the center of mass of the body, and v is the velocity of the body.  In astrodynamics, which deals with the mechanics of rockets, the term vrel is often called the effective exhaust velocity and denoted ve.

Mechanics
Mechanics (from Ancient Greek  μηχανική (mēkhanikḗ) 'of machines') is the area of physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects may result in displacements, which are changes of an object's position relative to its environment.

Theoretical expositions of this branch of physics have their origins in Ancient Greece, for instance, in the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes (see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics). During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Christiaan Huygens, and Isaac Newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics.

In the 20th century the concepts of classical mechanics were challenged by new discoveries, leading to fundamentally new approaches including relativistic mechanics and quantum mechanics.
Yato Castle
Yato Castle (谷戸城, Yato-jō) was a Heian period yamashiro-style Japanese castle located in the Ōizumi neighborhood of the city of Hokuto, Yamanashi prefecture, Japan. It was the primary fortress of the warlord Henmi Kiyomitsu, ancestor of the Takeda clan. The ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 1993.

Ōizumi, Yamanashi
Ōizumi (大泉村, Ōizumi-mura) was a village located in Kitakoma District, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 4,155 and a density of 65.88 persons per km2. The total area was 63.07 km2.
Hungarian handball league system
The Hungarian handball league system, or Hungarian handball league pyramid, is a series of interconnected competitions for professional handball clubs in Hungary. The system has a hierarchical format with a promotion and demotion system between competitions at different levels.

League system
A league system is a hierarchy of leagues in a sport. They are often called pyramids, due to their tendency to split into an increasing number of regional divisions further down the system. League systems of some sort are used in many sports in many countries.