hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caring Across Generations
Caring Across Generations (CAG) is an American national coalition of caregivers and care recipients, with a mission "to change our culture and policy in America to value and support caregiving". CAG was founded in 2011 by Sarita Gupta and Ai-jen Poo to address the rapidly rising number of Americans in long-term care and the shortage of home care workers. One of CAG's original goals is to help create two million quality caregiving jobs in the United States.

Home care
Homecare (also known as home care, in-home care, care at home, domiciliary care, personal care, community care, or social care) is health care or supportive care provided in the individual home where the patient or client is living, generally focusing on paramedical aid by professional caregivers, assistance in daily living for ill, disabled or elderly people, or a combination thereof. Depending on legislation, a wide range of other services can also be included in homecare.

Homecare can be organised by national or local government, by volunteer organizations or on a market basis.
Gymnocrex
Gymnocrex is a genus of bird in the rail family, Rallidae.

It contains the following species:

Bare-eyed rail, Gymnocrex plumbeiventris

Blue-faced rail or bald-faced rail, Gymnocrex rosenbergii

Talaud rail, Gymnocrex talaudensis

Talaud rail
The Talaud rail (Gymnocrex talaudensis) is a species of bird in the family Rallidae.
It is endemic to the Talaud Islands of Indonesia. Its natural habitats are rivers and swamps. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Glen Lyon (ship)
The Glen Lyon is a 100,000-tonne, 880-ft-long floating production, storage and offloading vessel (FPSO). The ship was built in South Korea and is anchored to the seabed at the Schiehallion and Loyal oil fields in the North Sea in waters 1,300ft deep.

According to BP, it is the largest "harsh-water" FPSO ship in the world.

Floating production storage and offloading
A floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore oil and gas industry for the production and processing of hydrocarbons, and for the storage of oil. An FPSO vessel is designed to receive hydrocarbons produced by itself or from nearby platforms or subsea template, process them, and store oil until it can be offloaded onto a tanker or, less frequently, transported through a pipeline. FPSOs are preferred in frontier offshore regions as they are easy to install, and do not require a local pipeline infrastructure to export oil. FPSOs can be a conversion of an oil tanker (like Seawise Giant) or can be a vessel built specially for the application. A vessel used only to store oil (without processing it) is referred to as a floating storage and offloading (FSO) vessel.

The first of a related type, floating liquefied natural gas vessels, went into service in 2016.
Jeremy G. Butler
Jeremy G. Butler (born 1954) is a scholar of television and film, an author, and radio show host on Alabama Public Radio. He is a professor emeritus of film studies at the University of Alabama. Butler has also taught at Northwestern University and the University of Arizona. In 1991, he founded the still-active Screen-L mailing list for academic film and television studies.  Butler also created and maintains ScreenSite for film/TV studies and ScreenLex, a pronunciation guide.

His University of Alabama profile page says he has a B.A. from Brown University and received an M.A. and PhD from Northwestern University.

Much of his work focuses on television studies. He has written on various subjects including television, Miami Vice, and film scholar Chuck Kleinhans. He wrote a book on television style. He also authored the textbook Television: Visual Storytelling and Screen Culture. He hosts the show All Things Acoustic on Alabama Public Radio.

Chuck Kleinhans
Chuck Kleinhans (October 2, 1942–December 14, 2017) was an associate professor of film studies at Northwestern University for 32 years and co-founded Jump Cut with Julia Lesage and John Hess. He co-edited the journal from its inception in 1974 until his death.

In 2007, the Society for Cinema and Media Studies awarded him its Outstanding Pedagogical Achievement Award.
Martyrs' Memorial, Oxford
51°45′18″N 1°15′32″W﻿ / ﻿51.75509°N 1.25901°W﻿ / 51.75509; -1.25901

The Martyrs' Memorial is a stone monument positioned at the intersection of St Giles', Magdalen Street and Beaumont Street, to the west of Balliol College, Oxford, England. It commemorates the 16th-century Oxford Martyrs.

The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green
The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green is a novel by Cuthbert Bede, a pen name of Edward Bradley (1827–1889). It covers the exploits of Verdant Green, a first-year student at Oxford University. Green is an undergraduate at the fictional Brazenface College.

Different editions have varying titles, including Mr Verdant Green: Adventures of an Oxford Freshman. The same characters reappear in a sequel entitled Little Mr Bouncer and his friend Verdant Green.
Variscite
Variscite is a hydrated aluminium phosphate mineral (AlPO4·2H2O). It is a relatively rare phosphate mineral. It is sometimes confused with turquoise; however, variscite is usually greener in color. The green color results from the presence of small amounts of trivalent chromium (Cr3+).

Vogtland
Vogtland (German: [ˈfoːktlant] ⓘ; Czech: Fojtsko) is a region spanning the German states of Bavaria, Saxony and Thuringia and north-western Bohemia in the Czech Republic.  It overlaps with and is largely contained within Euroregio Egrensis. The name alludes to the former leadership by the Vögte ("advocates" or "lords protector") of Weida, Gera and Plauen.
History of Cleveland County, Oklahoma
The history of Cleveland County, Oklahoma refers to the history of a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and the land on which it developed prior to 1907 statehood.  Prior to European colonization, the land represented the edge of the domain of the Plains Indians.  France and Spain both colonized and explored the area before it became part of the United States via the Louisiana Purchase.  It became part of the territory of the United States and tribal land and eventually part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

Cleveland County, Oklahoma
Cleveland County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 295,528 at the 2020 United States census, making it the third-most populous county in Oklahoma. Its county seat is Norman. The county was named for U.S. President Grover Cleveland. Cleveland County is part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan statistical area.
New Cybernetics (Gordon Pask)
New Cybernetics, as used by cybernetician Gordon Pask, is the meaningful transfer of information between coherences in all media in terms of attractions and repulsions between clockwise and anti-clockwise spins. This is a possibly defining paradigm of the new cybernetics or second-order cybernetics.

Black box
In science, computing, and engineering, a black box is a system which can be viewed in terms of its inputs and outputs (or transfer characteristics), without any knowledge of its internal workings. Its implementation is "opaque" (black). The term can be used to refer to many inner workings, such as those of a transistor, an engine, an algorithm, the human brain, or an institution or government.

To analyze an open system with a typical "black box approach", only the behavior of the stimulus/response will be accounted for, to infer the (unknown) box. The usual representation of this "black box system" is a data flow diagram centered in the box.

The opposite of a black box is a system where the inner components or logic are available for inspection, which is most commonly referred to as a white box (sometimes also known as a "clear box" or a "glass box").
2017 Uruguay Open
The 2017 Uruguay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Montevideo, Uruguay between November 6 and 12, 2017.

Uruguay Open
The Uruguay Open is a tennis tournament held in Montevideo, Uruguay since 2005. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts. This is the successor tournament to the earlier Uruguay International Championships (1936–1970), that was last played at the Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club.
1648 in poetry
To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time

Gather ye rosebuds while ye may,
Old Time is still a-flying:
And this same flower that smiles to-day
To-morrow will be dying.

— First lines from Robert Herrick's To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time, first published this year

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Bengali poetry
Bengali poetry is a rich tradition of poetry in the Bengali language and has many different forms. Originating in Bengal, the history of Bengali poetry underwent three successive stages of development: poetry of the early age (like Charyapad), the Medieval period and the age of modern poetry. All ages have seen different forms of poetry and poetical tradition. It reached the pinnacle during the Bengali Renaissance period although it has a rich tradition and has grown independent of the movement. Major Bengali Poets throughout the ages are Chandidas, Krittivas Ojha, Maladhar Basu, Bijay Gupta, Mukundaram Chakrabarti, Kashiram Das, Alaol, Syed Sultan, Ramprasad Sen, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Nabinchandra Sen, Rabindranath Tagore, Dwijendralal Ray, Satyendranath Dutta, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Jibanananda Das, Jasimuddin, Sukanta Battacharya, Al Mahmud, Joy Goswami.
Michael J. Smith
Michael John Smith (April 30, 1945 – January 28, 1986), (Capt USN) was an American engineer and astronaut. He served as the pilot of the Space Shuttle Challenger when it was destroyed during the STS-51-L mission, breaking up 73 seconds into the flight, and at an altitude of 48,000 feet (14.6 km), killing all seven crew members. Smith's voice was the last one heard on the Challenger voice recorder.

During his Naval career, Smith flew 28 different types of civilian and military aircraft and logged 4,867 hours of flying time. Following the Challenger disaster, he was promoted posthumously to the rank of captain, and has had a chair named in his honor at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California.

Air Medal
The Air Medal (AM) is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. It was created in 1942 and is awarded for single acts of heroism or meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.
Art Palm Beach
Art Palm Beach is an international modern and contemporary art fair in The Palm Beaches. The fair, founded in 1997, is held in West Palm Beach and exhibits the works of international artists, ranging from "the most promising emerging talent" to masters. Art work exhibited includes photography, painting, design, fine art glass, sculpture, and video. Art Palm Beach is the largest fair of its kind in the Palm Beaches in terms of attendance, square footage, and total sales conducted by its exhibitors.
Founded in 1997, Art Palm Beach is an international modern and contemporary art fair in The Palm Beaches. The fair features a diverse range of artistic disciplines, including photography, painting, design, fine art glass, sculpture and video, Art Palm Beach is the largest fair of its kind in the Palm Beaches in attendance, square footage and total sales generated by its exhibitors. The fair is held at the Palm Beach County Convention Center in West Palm Beach.

Fine-art photography
Fine-art photography is photography created in line with the vision of the photographer as artist, using photography as a medium for creative expression. The goal of fine-art photography is to express an idea, a message, or an emotion. This stands in contrast to representational photography, such as photojournalism, which provides a documentary visual account of specific subjects and events, literally representing objective reality rather than the subjective intent of the photographer; and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services.
Bartholomew Fair
The Bartholomew Fair was one of London's pre-eminent summer charter fairs. A charter for the fair was granted by King Henry I to fund the Priory of St Bartholomew in 1133. It took place each year on 24 August (St Bartholomew's Day) within the precincts of the Priory at West Smithfield, London until 1855 when it was banned due to the unruly crowd and what was seen as inappropriate entertainment for Victorian London.

Newgate Prison
Newgate Prison was a prison at the corner of Newgate Street and Old Bailey, just inside the City of London, England, originally at the site of Newgate, a gate in the Roman London Wall. Built in the 12th century and demolished in 1904, the prison was extended and rebuilt many times, and remained in use for over 700 years, from 1188 to 1902.

In the late 18th century, executions by hanging were moved here from the Tyburn gallows.  These took place on the public street in front of the prison, drawing crowds until 1868, when they were moved into the prison.

For much of its history, a succession of criminal courtrooms were attached to the prison, commonly referred to as the "Old Bailey".  The present Old Bailey (officially, Central Criminal Court) now occupies much of the site of the prison.
Minmose
Minmose was an ancient Egyptian personal theophoric name. Some notable bearers were:

Minmose (overseer of works) during the 18th Dynasty

Minmose (overseer of granaries) during the 18th Dynasty

Minmose (high priest) during the 19th Dynasty

Theophoric name
A theophoric name (from Greek: θεόφορος, theophoros, literally "bearing or carrying a god") embeds the word equivalent of 'god' or a god's name in a person's name, reflecting something about the character of the person so named in relation to that deity. For example, names embedding Apollo, such as Apollonios or Apollodorus, existed in Greek antiquity.

Theophoric personal names, containing the name of a god in whose care the individual is entrusted (or a generic word for god), were also exceedingly common in the ancient Near East and Mesopotamia.  Some names of theophoric origin remain common today, such as Theodore (theo-, "god"; -dore, origin of word compound in Greek: doron, "gift"; hence "God's gift"; in Greek: Theodoros) or, less recognisably, Jonathan (from Hebrew Yonatan/Yehonatan, meaning "Yahweh has given").
VB Berapi LP06
The VB Berapi LP06 is the first assault rifle designed and manufactured by Malaysia, and is not related to any previously licensed assault rifles made by VB Berapi. The LP06 is a bullpup assault rifle. It is chambered in the 5.56×45mm NATO round and is fed from a 30-round magazine. Hisham Abd Majid, the director of Vita Berapi in 2006, said that the rifle is designed by Viktor Prykhodko (Russian: Виктор Приходько), a Russian residing in Malaysia.

Assault rifle
An assault rifle is a select fire rifle that uses an intermediate-rifle cartridge and a detachable magazine. Assault rifles were first put into mass production and accepted into widespread service during World War II. The first assault rifle to see major usage was the German StG 44, a development of the earlier Mkb 42. While immediately after World War II, NATO countries were equipped with battle rifles, the development of the M16 rifle during the Vietnam War prompted the adoption of assault rifles by the rest of NATO. By the end of the 20th century, assault rifles had become the standard weapon in most of the world's armies, replacing full-powered rifles and submachine guns in most roles. The two most successful modern assault rifles are the AK-47 and the M16 designs and their derivatives.
Abd Allah ibn Ali
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī (Arabic: أبو محمد عبد الله بن علي; c. 712 – 764 CE) was a member of the Abbasid dynasty, and played a leading role in its rise to power during the Abbasid Revolution. As governor of Syria, he consolidated Abbasid control over the province, eliminating the remnants of the Umayyad dynasty and suppressing pro-Umayyad uprisings. After the death of his nephew and first Abbasid caliph, al-Saffah, in 754, he launched a bid for the caliphal title against al-Saffah's brother, al-Mansur, but was defeated and imprisoned. He was killed in 764.

Hugh N. Kennedy
Hugh Nigel Kennedy (born 22 October 1947) is a British medievalist and academic. He specialises in the history of the early Islamic Middle East, Muslim Iberia and the Crusades. From 1997 to 2007, he was Professor of Middle Eastern History at the University of St Andrews. Since 2007, he has been Professor of Arabic at SOAS, University of London.
Dr. John Owen Campbell House
The Dr. John Owen Campbell House is a historic house in Lebanon, Tennessee, United States. It was built from 1841 to 1843 for B. W. G. Winford. It was designed in the Greek Revival architectural style. It remained in the Winford family until 1906, when Winford's son-in-law, B. F. Lester, sold it to Dr. John Owen Campbell, the son of Tennessee Governor William Bowen Campbell. It was later acquired by Herbert C. Ruck. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 8, 1980.

Lebanon, Tennessee
Lebanon (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ən-ən) is a city in and the county seat of Wilson County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 38,431 at the 2020 census and has an estimated population of 51,501 as of 2024. Lebanon is located in Middle Tennessee, approximately 25 miles (40 km) east of downtown Nashville. Lebanon is part of the Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Brigade insignia of the United States Army
A shoulder sleeve insignia (SSI) is an embroidered emblem worn on the sleeves of some United States Army uniforms to identify the primary headquarters to which a soldier is assigned. Like division sized units, separate brigades of the U.S. Army are allowed their own SSI to distinguish their wearers from those of other units. Most military units smaller than brigades do not have SSI, but rather wear the SSI of a higher headquarters.  The following list of SSIs represent some of the current and former brigades of the U.S. Army:

85th Civil Affairs Brigade
The 85th Civil Affairs Brigade was a unit of the US Army that was first organized January 1966 in the Army Reserve as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 362nd Civil Affairs Area in Dallas, Texas. It was redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 362nd Civil Affairs Brigade in June 1975 and deactivated in September 1979.

In September 2009 it was designated as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 85th Civil Affairs Brigade at Fort Hood, Texas as a Regular Army unit.  The unit was deactivated in 2018.
Zanzibar independence movement
Zanzibari independence is a political ambition of some political parties, advocacy groups, and individuals of Zanzibar, a semi-autonomous region territory within Tanzania, to become an independent sovereign state.

Mainland Tanzania
Mainland Tanzania refers to the part of Tanzania on the continent of Africa; excluding the islands of Zanzibar. It corresponds with the area of the former country of Tanganyika.

26 of Tanzania's 31 regions are located on the mainland.
MacLeod of Raasay
The MacLeods of Raasay are a minor Scottish noble family and branch of Clan MacLeod of Lewis. At their height they held extensive lands on the Isle of Raasay. In Gaelic the MacLeods of Lewis were known as Sìol Thorcaill ("Seed of Torquil"). The Chiefship of Clan MacLeod of Lewis (also known as Clan MacLeod of the Lewes) passed to the Raasay branch in the 20th century.

Today, Clan MacLeod, Clan MacLeod of the Lewes, and the MacLeods of Raasay, are all represented by "Associated Clan MacLeod Societies", and the chiefs of the three clans. The association is made up of ten national societies across the world including: Australia, Canada, England, France, Germany, New Zealand, Scotland, South Africa, United States of America, and Switzerland.

MacLeod
MacLeod, McLeod and Macleod (/məˈklaʊd/ mə-KLOWD) are surnames in the English language. The names are anglicised forms of the Scottish Gaelic MacLeòid, meaning "son of Leòd", derived from the Old Norse Liótr ("ugly").

One of the earliest occurrences of the surname is of Gillandres MacLeod, in 1227. There are two recognised Scottish clans with the surname: Clan MacLeod of Harris and Skye, and Clan MacLeod of Lewis and Raasay. The earliest record of these two families, using a form of the surname MacLeod, occurs in the mid 14th century.

There are also documented cases of Scottish missionaries in Canada using McLeod as an Anglicisation of the indigenous Cree language name Mahkiyoc (meaning "the big one"), which accounts for its occurrence amongst Canadian people of Cree heritage.
Li Ngai Hoi
Li Ngai Hoi (Chinese: 李毅凱; Jyutping: lei5 ngai6 hoi2; born 15 October 1994) is a Hong Kong professional footballer who currently plays as a centre back for Hong Kong Premier League club Eastern District, on loan from Lee Man.

Hong Kong Senior Shield
The Hong Kong Senior Shield (Chinese: 香港高級組銀牌), known commonly as the Senior Shield, is the football knockout inter-club competition held in Hong Kong and the fourth oldest football tournament in Asia. Traditionally, only teams that play in the Hong Kong Premier League take part in the competition. However, sometimes teams in the lower divisions, usually the champions of the Junior Shield, are invited in order to increase the number of participating teams.

The current Senior Shield holders are Tai Po.
T-group (mathematics)
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a T-group is a group in which the property of normality is transitive, that is, every subnormal subgroup is normal. Here are some facts about T-groups:

Every simple group is a T-group.

Every quasisimple group is a T-group.

Every abelian group is a T-group.

Every Hamiltonian group is a T-group.

Every nilpotent T-group is either abelian or Hamiltonian, because in a nilpotent group, every subgroup is subnormal.

Every normal subgroup of a T-group is a T-group.

Every homomorphic image of a T-group is a T-group.

Every solvable T-group is metabelian.

The solvable T-groups were characterized by Wolfgang Gaschütz as being exactly the solvable groups G with an abelian normal Hall subgroup H of odd order such that the quotient group G/H is a Dedekind group and H is acted upon by conjugation as a group of power automorphisms by G.

A PT-group is a group in which permutability is transitive. A finite T-group is a PT-group.

Solvable group
In mathematics, more specifically in the field of group theory, a solvable group or soluble group is a group that can be constructed from abelian groups using extensions.  Equivalently, a solvable group is a group whose derived series terminates in the trivial subgroup.
Sergej Barbarez
Sergej Barbarez  (Serbian Cyrillic: Сергеј Барбарез; born 17 September 1971) is a Bosnian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.

A forward, Barbarez played for several clubs in the German Bundesliga. He is considered one of the all-time greatest players of Hamburger SV where he scored 65 goals in 174 Bundesliga games. Mainly used as a second striker, Barbarez also played as an attacking midfielder or left winger. In the 2000–01 Bundesliga season while playing for Hamburger SV, he was joint top scorer with 22 goals with Ebbe Sand of Schalke 04 at the end of the season.

Barbarez made his senior international debut for the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team in 1998, earning 47 caps and scoring 17 goals until 2006. He was the captain of the national team between 2004 and 2006.

UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying
Qualifying for the UEFA Euro 2008 finals tournament took place between August 2006 and November 2007. Fifty teams were divided into seven groups. In a double round-robin system, each team played against each of the others in their group on a home-and-away basis. The winner and runner-up of each group qualified automatically for the final tournament. This was the first Euro qualification since expansion to have no playoff.

Austria and Switzerland qualified automatically as co-hosts of the event.