hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bahrain, Pakistan
Bahrain (Torwali: بحرین; also spelled Behrain), formerly known in Torwali as Bhaunal, is a town located in Upper Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, 60 km north of Mingora at an elevation of 4,700 ft on the right bank of the Swat river. Geographically in the Swat Kohistan region, it is named Bahrain (lit. "two rivers") due to its location at the confluence of the Daral and Swat rivers. It is known for its riverside tourist resorts, local handicrafts, and its view of the merging of the Daral and Swat rivers. It also serves as a base camp for the trail that leads to the Daral and Saidgai lakes. Behrain is the tehsil headquarter of Behrain Tehsil.

Mingora
Mingora (Pashto: مینګورہ, Romanised: Minga Wara) is a city in the Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Located on the Swat River, it is the 3rd largest city in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the 26th largest in Pakistan. Mingora is the largest city and the epicenter of social, cultural, and economic activities in Malakand Division, and also the largest in the northern part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Odd Fellows Hall (New York City)
The Odd Fellows Hall is a building at 165–171 Grand Street between Centre and Baxter Streets, in the Little Italy and SoHo neighborhoods of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1847–1848 and designed by the firm of Trench & Snook in the Italianate style, one of the city's earliest structures in this style, which Joseph Trench had brought to New York with his design for 280 Broadway in 1845. His partner, John B. Snook, was responsible for many cast-iron buildings in SoHo. The mansard roof was an addition, designed by John Buckingham and built in 1881–1882. The Independent Order of Odd Fellows used the building until the 1880s, when they moved uptown with the city's population. The building was afterwards converted for commercial and industrial use.

The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1982, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Grand Street (Manhattan)
Grand Street is a street in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It runs west/east parallel to and south of Delancey Street, from SoHo through Chinatown, Little Italy, the Bowery, and the Lower East Side. The street's western terminus is Varick Street, and on the east it ends at the service road for the FDR Drive.
Madhva Brahmin
Madhva Brahmins (also often referred as Madhvas or Sadh-Vaishnavas), are communities of Hindus from the Brahmin caste in India, who follow Sadh Vaishnavism (Sanskrit: सद्वैष्णवसम्प्रदाय) and Dvaita philosophy propounded by Madhvacharya. They are found mostly in the Indian states of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

Vadiraja Tirtha
Sri Vadiraja Tirtha ((IAST: Śrī Vādirāja Tīrtha; c.1480 – c.1600) was a Dvaita philosopher, poet, traveller and mystic. He authored many works, often critical, on Madhva theology and metaphysics. Additionally, he composed numerous poems and as the pontiff of Sodhe Mutt, renovated the temple complex at Udupi and established the Paryaya system of worship. He also enriched the Kannada literature of the time by translating  Madhvacharya's works to Kannada, giving impetus and contributing to the Haridasa movement. He has influenced both Carnatic and Hindustani music through his compositions. His compositions are mainly in Kannada and Sanskrit. His mudra is 'Hayavadana'. His works are characterised by their poetic flourishes, wit and humour.
The Raw Shark Texts
The Raw Shark Texts is the debut novel by British author Steven Hall, released in 2007. The book was released by Canongate Books in the US and the UK and published by HarperCollins in Canada.  The title is a play on "Rorschach Tests", which are inkblot tests. The novel is a work of Meta-fiction which uses Concrete poetry, linguistic jokes and cultural references. It is the story of an amnesiac re-discovering his past life through a surreal collection of clues he has left himself while evading a steampunk villain and the shark of the title.

Concrete poetry
Concrete poetry is an arrangement of linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in conveying meaning than verbal significance. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct meaning of its own. Concrete poetry relates more to the visual than to the verbal arts although there is a considerable overlap in the kind of product to which it refers. Historically, however, concrete poetry has developed from a long tradition of shaped or patterned poems in which the words are arranged in such a way as to depict their subject.
Revolving Doors (charity)
Revolving Doors is a charitable organisation in the United Kingdom which works across England and Wales. Through research, policy and campaigning work, the organisation aims to improve services for people with multiple needs who are in repeat contact with the criminal justice system.

Trust for London
Trust for London is an independent charitable foundation which aims to tackle poverty and inequality in London and its root causes. It was established in 1891 as the City Parochial Foundation and changed its name to Trust for London in 2010.

It achieves its aims by funding charitable work through its Central Fund, making substantial grants every year for the relief of poverty and inequality. As an independent funder it is particularly interested in work which is viewed as challenging. One of its long standing principles is to support activities which government will not or is unlikely to fund.
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve
The El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (Reserva de la Biosfera El Cielo in Spanish) is located in the Sierra Madre Oriental in the southern part of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas near the town of Gómez Farias. The reserve protects the northernmost extension of tropical forest and cloud forest in Mexico. It has an area of 144,530 hectares (357,100 acres; 558.0 sq mi) made up mostly of steep mountains rising from about 200 metres (660 ft) to a maximum altitude of more than 2,300 metres (7,500 ft).

The state of Tamaulipas protected the area in 1985 and in 1987 it was formally recognized as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme.

Plestiodon
Plestiodon is a genus of lizards in the family Scincidae (skinks). The genus contains many species formerly classified under the genus Eumeces, except those now placed in Mesoscincus. They are secretive, agile animals with a cylindrical body covered with smooth, shiny scales. They are distributed from East Asia to throughout North America from southern Canada south to Mexico, including oceanic islands such as Bermuda.
Casey House (Mountain Home, Arkansas)
The Casey House is a historic house on the Baxter County Fairgrounds in Mountain Home, Arkansas.  Still at its original location when built c. 1858, is a well-preserved local example of a dog trot house, a typical Arkansas pioneer house.  It is a rectangular structure made out of two log pens with a breezeway in between.  It is finished in clapboard siding on the outside walls, and the breezeway is finished with flushboarding.  A porch extends the width of the house front, and is sheltered by the side-gable roof that also covers the house.  Colonel Casey, its builder, was one of Mountain Home's first settlers, and its first representative in the Arkansas legislature.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

The house was destroyed during an F3 tornado on November 18, 1985.

Mountain Home, Arkansas
Mountain Home is a city in and the county seat of Baxter County, Arkansas, United States, in the southern Ozark Mountains near the northern state border with Missouri. As of the 2020 census, Mountain Home had a population of 12,825. A total of 41,307 persons lived within the city and micropolitan area combined, which encompasses the majority of Baxter County.
2021 Estonian census
The 2021 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2021) (Estonian: Rahva ja eluruumide loendus (REL 2021)) was a census that was carried out during 28 December 2021 – 22 January 2022 in Estonia by Statistics Estonia.

The total population recorded was 1,331,824 persons, compared to 1,294,455 persons counted in the 2011 Estonian census.

Statistics Estonia
Statistics Estonia (Estonian: Statistikaamet) is the Estonian government agency responsible for producing official statistics regarding Estonia.  It is part of the Ministry of Finance.

The agency has approximately 320 employees. The office of the agency is in Tatari, Tallinn.
Argentala
Argentala is a genus of moths of the family Notodontidae. It consists of the following species:

Argentala argoptera Miller, 2008

Argentala brehmi Miller, 2008

Argentala mesitana  (Dognin, 1917)

Argentala subalba  (Walker, 1859)

Argentala subcaesia  (Prout, 1918)

Argentala subcoerulea  (Warren, 1901)

Argentala argoptera
Argentala argoptera is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by James S. Miller in 2008. It is found along the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes in cloud forest habitats at elevations between 1,200 and 2,600 meters.

The length of the forewings is 15–16 mm for males.
North Central Illinois Conference
The North Central Illinois Conference, far better known as the NCIC, was an IHSA recognized high school extra-curricular conference.  Its location, as the name would indicate, was in the north-central part of the state.  The schools all hailed from communities with municipal populations in the 5000–20,000 range. This conference was especially superior to the lowly tri River conference.

Until the departure of the Rochelle Hubs in 2006, the NCIC's 42-year span of unchanged membership was the longest of any high school conference.  However, that one change sent shockwaves through the rest of the conference, ultimately resulting in the dissolution of the NCIC at the end of the 2010–11 school year.

Three Rivers Conference (Illinois)
The Three Rivers Conference, also known as the TRAC-8 (Three Rivers Athletics Conference), is a high school conference in northwest Illinois. The conference participates in athletics and activities in the Illinois High School Association. The conference comprises small public, and two private, high schools with enrollments between 200-600 students in portions of Bureau, Henry, Lee, Rock Island, and Whiteside counties.
George Yury Right
George Yury Right (born Yuri Leonidovich Nesterenko; Russian: Юрий Леонидович Нестеренко, IPA: [ˈjʉrʲɪj lʲɪɐˈnʲidəvʲɪtɕ nʲɪsʲtʲɪˈrʲenkə]; born October 9, 1972) is a Russian American writer and antisexual activist.

Eksmo
Eksmo Publishing House is a Russian publishing house founded in 1991. At first, the company worked in the field of wholesale trade in books. Since 1993, it started independent publishing activities.

In 2012, the publishing house became part of the structure of the publishing group "Eksmo-AST".

In 2023, the publishing house released 8643 titles of books. The total circulation was 41.8 million copies.

Among the authors - Daria Dontsova, Olga Primachenko, Eduard Verkin, Dmitry Emets, Katya Kachur, Mikhail Labkovsky, Asya Lavrinovich, Anna and Sergei Litvinova, Alexandra Marinina, Diana Mashkova, Tatiana Muzhitskaya, Viktor Pelevin, Igor Prokopenko, Oleg Roy, Dina Rubina, Emma Scott, Tatiana Ustinova and others.
Kentucky Route 79
Kentucky Route 79 (KY 79) is a 102-mile-long (164 km) north–south state highway that traverses five counties in west-central Kentucky. It can be seen as an extension of U.S. Route 79 (US 79), as they have the same number and once intersected; KY 79 begins in the same city that US 79 ends, and both travel on a northeast–southwest diagonal path.

Interstate 165 (Kentucky)
Interstate 165 (I-165) is a 70.2-mile-long (113.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US state of Kentucky. A spur route of I-65, it extends from I-65 in Bowling Green to U.S. Route 60 (US 60) and US 231 in Owensboro. It opened in 1972 as the Green River Parkway and was renamed the William H. Natcher Parkway in 1994. It was designated as I-165 in 2019 after completion of a project that brought the highway up to Interstate Highway standards.
2025 Japan Curling Championships
The 2025 Japan Curling Championships (日本カーリング選手権大会 横浜2025, branded as the 42nd Zen-Noh Japan Curling Championships) took place from February 2 to 9 at the Yokohama Buntai in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. The winning rinks, led by Riku Yanagisawa and Sayaka Yoshimura, earned the right to represent Japan at the 2025 World Men's Curling Championship and the 2025 World Women's Curling Championship, respectively. Additionally, they have the opportunity to accumulate points toward qualification for the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Japan Curling Championships
The Japan Curling Championships (Japanese: 日本カーリング選手権) are the annual Japanese men's and women's curling championships, organized by the Japan Curling Association (JCA). The winners get to represent Japan at the men's and women's World Curling Championships and the next season's Pacific-Asia Curling Championships.
Michael Sittow
Michael Sittow (c. 1469 – 1525), also known as Master Michiel, Michel Sittow, Michiel, Miguel, and several other variants, was a painter from Reval (Tallinn), now capital of Estonia, who was trained in the tradition of Early Netherlandish painting. For most of his life, Sittow worked as a court portrait painter, for Isabella of Castile and her Habsburg relatives in Spain and the Netherlands, and other prominent royal houses. He is considered one of the most important Netherlandish painters of the era.

Hans Memling
Hans Memling (also spelled Memlinc; c. 1430 – 11 August 1494) was a German-Flemish painter who worked in the tradition of Early Netherlandish painting. Born in the Middle Rhine region, he probably spent his childhood in Mainz. During his apprenticeship as a painter he moved to the Netherlands and spent time in the Brussels workshop of Rogier van der Weyden. In 1465 he was made a citizen of Bruges, where he became one of the leading artists and the master of a large workshop. A tax document from 1480 lists him among the wealthiest citizens. Memling's religious works often incorporated donor portraits of the clergymen, aristocrats, and burghers (bankers, merchants, and politicians) who were his patrons. These portraits built upon the styles which Memling learned in his youth.

He married Anna de Valkenaere sometime between 1470 and 1480, and they had three children. Memling's art was rediscovered in the 19th century,  attaining wide popularity.
Unit function
In number theory, the unit function is a completely multiplicative function on the positive integers defined as:

It is called the unit function because it is the identity element for Dirichlet convolution.

It may be described as the "indicator function of 1" within the set of positive integers.  It is also written as  (not to be confused with , which generally denotes the Möbius function).

Möbius function
The Möbius function  is a multiplicative function in number theory introduced by the German mathematician August Ferdinand Möbius (also transliterated Moebius) in 1832. It is ubiquitous in elementary and analytic number theory and most often appears as part of its namesake the Möbius inversion formula. Following work of Gian-Carlo Rota in the 1960s, generalizations of the Möbius function were introduced into combinatorics, and are similarly denoted .
Moduli stack of principal bundles
In algebraic geometry, given a smooth projective curve X over a finite field  and a smooth affine group scheme G over it, the moduli stack of principal bundles over X, denoted by , is an algebraic stack given by: for any -algebra R,

the category of principal G-bundles over the relative curve .

In particular, the category of -points of , that is, , is the category of G-bundles over X.

Similarly,  can also be defined when the curve X is over the field of complex numbers. Roughly, in the complex case, one can define  as the quotient stack of the space of holomorphic connections on X by the gauge group. Replacing the quotient stack (which is not a topological space) by a homotopy quotient (which is a topological space) gives the homotopy type of .

In the finite field case, it is not common to define the homotopy type of . But one can still define a (smooth) cohomology and homology of .

Algebraic stack
In mathematics, an algebraic stack is a vast generalization of algebraic spaces, or schemes, which are foundational for studying moduli theory. Many moduli spaces are constructed using techniques specific to algebraic stacks, such as Artin's representability theorem, which is used to construct the moduli space of pointed algebraic curves  and the moduli stack of elliptic curves. Originally, they were introduced by Alexander Grothendieck to keep track of automorphisms on moduli spaces, a technique which allows for treating these moduli spaces as if their underlying schemes or algebraic spaces are smooth. After Grothendieck developed the general theory of descent, and Giraud the general theory of stacks, the notion of algebraic stacks was defined by Michael Artin.
Adriana Vilagoš
Adriana Vilagoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Адриана Вилагош; Hungarian: Világos Adriana; born 2 January 2004) is a Serbian athlete who specializes in the javelin throw. At the age of 18, she won silver medal at the 2022 European Athletics Championships, becoming the youngest ever European medallist in a throwing event. One year prior, Vilagoš was for the first time the World Under-20 Champion and earned silver medal at the European U20 Championships successfully defending her World U20 title in 2022 and breaking championship and European U20 records in the process.

European Athletic Association
The European Athletic Association (EAA, more commonly known as European Athletics) is the governing body for athletics in Europe. It is one of the six Area Associations of the world's athletics governing body World Athletics. European Athletics has 51 members and is headquartered in Lausanne.

Originally created in 1932 as a European Committee, it was made into an independent body during the Bucharest conference of 1969. The first European Athletics congress took place in Paris on 6–8 October 1970, with Dutchman Adriaan Paulen elected as its first president. From a volunteer-led organization based in the acting Secretary's home country, European Athletics has developed into a professional organization with a permanent base in Switzerland.

European Athletics runs and regulates several championships and meetings across Europe – both indoor and outdoor.
Disbandment of Osa–Kosa 30
The disbandment of Osa–Kosa 30 refers to the arrest by the Gestapo of dozens of soldiers from the Organization of Special Combat Actions (Osa–Kosa 30), who had gathered on 5 June 1943 for the wedding of a comrade in Warsaw's St. Alexander's Church. On 12 July 1943, the chief of staff of Osa–Kosa 30, Lieutenant Mieczysław Kudelski, codenamed Wiktor, who had attempted to reconstruct the unit, was also arrested. These events forced the command of the Home Army to dissolve the unit.

The arrested soldiers were either killed or disappeared without a trace. The breakup of Osa–Kosa 30 was one of the most devastating blows dealt to the Polish Underground State by the German security apparatus. The identity of the informant who enabled the Gestapo to infiltrate the unit remains unresolved to this day.

Emil Kumor
Emil Kumor, code name "Krzyś" (14 January 1899 in Schodnica – 28 December 1957) was a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Polish Army, soldier of the September Campaign and the Warsaw Uprising, officer of the Main Command of the SZP and Main Command of the ZWZ and Home Army. In 1942, Kumor initiated and organized "Operation Góral", a successful heist during which a German money transport worth 105 million Polish zlotys was captured.
Bryant, Saskatchewan
Bryant is an unincorporated community in Benson Rural Municipality No. 35, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is located on Highway 702, approximately 20 km (12 mi) west of Lampman and 20 km (12 mi) north of Estevan. Bryant gets its name from Quaker poet, journalist, and editor William Cullen Bryant.

Lampman
Lampman is a town of 673 people in the south-east part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, roughly 30 miles north-east of Estevan.

To the north-west of Lampman, is Lake Roy, which is a shallow lake that often floods into town. Lampman's water supply is obtained from two deep wells that go through a water treatment system.
King of Battle
The King of Battle (šar tamḫāri) is an ancient Mesopotamian epic tale of Sargon of Akkad and his campaign against the city of  Purušḫanda in the Anatolian highlands and its king, Nur-Daggal or Nur-Dagan, in aid of his merchants. It is extant in five manuscripts: two from Amarna in Egypt, six fragments of one from the Hittite capital Ḫattuša from the middle Babylonian period and one each from Aššur and Nineveh, probably from the Neo-Assyrian period. Of the twenty-three tales composed of the Kings of Akkad, this was one of only three, along with the Birth Legend of Sargon and the Cuthean Legend of Naram-Sin, to continue to circulate in the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian periods, some 1,500 years after the events they describe. It is thought to have been committed to writing during the first half of the second millennium, perhaps following a lengthy oral tradition, although the circumstances of its composition are hotly debated.

Amarna
Amarna (/əˈmɑːrnə/; Arabic: العمارنة, romanized: al-ʿAmārna) is an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site containing the ruins of Akhetaten, the capital city during the late Eighteenth Dynasty. The city was established in 1346 BC, built at the direction of the Pharaoh Akhenaten, and abandoned shortly after his death in 1332 BC.

The site is on the east bank of the Nile River, in what today is the Egyptian province of Minya. It is about 58 km (36 mi) south of the city of al-Minya, 312 km (194 mi) south of the Egyptian capital, Cairo, and 402 km (250 mi) north of Luxor (site of the previous capital, Thebes). The city of Deir Mawas lies directly to its west. On the east side of Amarna there are several modern villages, the chief of which are l-Till in the north and el-Hagg Qandil in the south.

Activity in the region flourished from the Amarna Period until the later Roman era.
Long arm of Ankara
In Dutch politics and media, the "long arm of Ankara" (Dutch: lange arm van Ankara) is a metaphorical reference to the soft power the government of Turkey allegedly exerts in various European countries (notably ones with significant Turkish minorities) by using European Turks as proxies; and in the same manner it denotes the influence the Turkish government holds or attempts to hold over the Turkish diaspora. As it is seen as a recent development that has occasionally been attributed to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, it is also less commonly known as "Erdogan's long arm" (lange arm van Erdogan).

Politics of the Netherlands
The Netherlands is a sovereign state with a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.