hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Armenian Air Force
The Armenian Air Force (Armenian: Հայաստանի Ռազմաօդային Ուժեր, romanized: Hayastani Razmaodayin Uzher) is the air arm of the Armed Forces of Armenia formed by independent Armenia in 1992 in the wake of the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Outside its conventional name, its understood to be collectively under the Aviation Department of the Armenian Armed Forces. It is organized and equipped principally to provide Armenian ground forces with tactical air support in the form of ground attack and airlift in mountainous terrain. It provided effective support during the battles with Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh region from 1992 to 1994.

Since 2003, the Armenian government has been funding a modernization and enlargement of the air fleet.

Artsakh Defence Army
The Defense Army of the Republic of Artsakh (Armenian: Արցախի Հանրապետության պաշտպանության բանակ, romanized: Artsakhi Hanrapetut’yan pashtpanut’yan banak, also Defense Army of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh), also known as Artsakh Defence Army (or Nagorno-Karabakh Defence Army) was the defence force of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh. Established in 1992, it united previously disorganized defence units which were formed in the early 1990s.

It was disbanded on 20 September 2023 under the terms of the Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement following the 2023 Azerbaijani military offensive.
Lome, Idrija
Lome (pronounced [ˈloːmɛ]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills southeast of Črni Vrh in the Municipality of Idrija in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

The village includes the hamlets of Cigale, Dolnje Lome (German: Unterlome), Gornje Lome (German: Oberlome), Grižar, Na Griču (German: Am Hügel), Na Ravni, Oblak, Podjesen, and Zakrog.

The Javornik ski slope is located at Lome.

Črni Vrh, Idrija
Črni Vrh (pronounced [ˈtʃəɾni ˈʋəɾx]; sometimes Črni Vrh nad Idrijo, German: Schwarzenberg) is a settlement in the hills south of Idrija in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. It includes the hamlets of Zgornja Vas (Slovene: Zgornja vas), Spodnja Vas (Spodnja vas), Trate, Trebče, and Zidiše.
7638 Gladman
7638 Gladman, provisional designation 1984 UX, is a stony background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.8 kilometers (3.6 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 26 October 1984, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona. The S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 17.3 hours. It was named after Canadian astronomer Brett J. Gladman.

Edward L. G. Bowell
Edward L. G. Bowell (1943 – August 21, 2023), was an American astronomer. Bowell was educated at Emanuel School London, University College, London, and the University of Paris.

He was principal investigator of the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search (LONEOS). He has discovered a large number of asteroids, both as part of LONEOS and in his own right before LONEOS began. Among the latter are the Jovian asteroids 2357 Phereclos, 2759 Idomeneus, 2797 Teucer, 2920 Automedon, 3564 Talthybius, 4057 Demophon, and 4489 Dracius. He also co-discovered the periodic comet 140P/Bowell-Skiff and the non-periodic comet C/1980 E1.

The outer main-belt asteroid 2246 Bowell was named in his honor. The official naming citation was published on 1 January 1981 (M.P.C. 5688).

Bowell died on August 21, 2023 in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul (Dutch: [ˈvɑlkə(m)bʏr(ə)x aːn də ˈɣøːl] ⓘ; Limburgish: Valkeberg [ˈvɑl˦əkəˌbæʀ˦əx] ⓘ) is a municipality situated in the southeastern Dutch province of Limburg. The name refers to the central town in the municipality, Valkenburg, and the small river Geul passing through it.

Pierre Cuypers
Petrus Josephus Hubertus "Pierre" Cuypers (16 May 1827 – 3 March 1921) was a Dutch architect. His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station (1881–1889) and the Rijksmuseum (1876–1885), both in Amsterdam. More representative for his oeuvre, however, are numerous churches, of which he designed more than 100. Moreover, he restored many monuments.
WHBC-FM
WHBC-FM (94.1 MHz Mix 94-1) is a commercial radio station in Canton, Ohio. It has a hot adult contemporary format and is owned by Connoisseur Media. The studios and offices are on Market Avenue South at 6th Street in Canton. WHBC-FM is a Primary Entry Point for the Emergency Alert System.

WHBC-FM is a Class B station. It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 45,000 watts. The transmitter is off Diamond Street NE near Middlebranch Avenue NE in Canton.

Connoisseur Media
Connoisseur Media LLC is an American media company. It is based in Westport, Connecticut and led by Jeff Warshaw. As of September 2025, Connoisseur operates 207 radio stations and digital assets in 24 states.
Matt Frawley
Matthew Frawley (born 24 December 1994) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a Stand-off, Scrum-half or hooker for the Leeds Rhinos in the Super League.

Frawley previously played for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs in the NRL and the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.
Outline of Bihar
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Bihar:

Bihar – state in East India. It is the 13th largest state in India, with an area of 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi) and the 3rd largest by population; its population is the fastest-growing of any state.

Biharis
Bihari (listenⓘ) is a demonym given to the inhabitants of the Indian state of Bihar. Bihari people can be separated into three main Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic groups: Bhojpuris, Maithils and Magahis. They are also further divided into a variety of hereditary caste groups.
In Bihar today, the Bihari identity is seen as secondary to caste/clan, linguistic and religious identity but nonetheless is a subset of the larger Indian identity. Biharis can be found throughout India, and in the neighbouring countries of Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh. During the Partition of India in 1947, many Bihari Muslims migrated to East Bengal (renamed to East Pakistan; later became Bangladesh). Bihari people are also well represented in the Muhajir people of Pakistan (formerly West Pakistan) because of Partition.
Liikanen report
The Liikanen Report or "Report of the European Commission’s High-level Expert Group on Bank Structural Reform" (known as the "Liikanen Group") is a set of recommendations published in October 2012 by a group of experts led by Erkki Liikanen, governor of the Bank of Finland and ECB council member. On 3 July 2013, by large majority the European Parliament adopted an own initiative report called "Reforming the structure of the EU banking sector" that welcomes structural reform measures at Union level to tackle concerns on Too big to fail banks, that led to the publication of a proposal of Regulation on structural measures improving the resilience of EU credit institutions in January 2014. This proposal was withdrawn in July 2018.

Proprietary trading
Proprietary trading (also known as prop trading) occurs when a trader trades stocks, bonds, currencies, commodities, their derivatives, or other financial instruments with the firm's own money (instead of using customer funds) to make a profit for itself.

Proprietary traders may use a variety of strategies such as index arbitrage, statistical arbitrage, merger arbitrage, fundamental analysis, volatility arbitrage, or global macro trading, much like a hedge fund.
Escuréu
Escuréu (Asturian pronunciation: [esˈkuɾøw]) is one of fifteen parishes (administrative divisions) in Pravia, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 77 (INE 2011).

Pravia
Pravia is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias in Spain. It is bordered on the north by Cudillero and Muros de Nalón, on the east by Candamo and Soto del Barco, on the west by Cudillero and Salas, and on the south by Candamo and Salas.

Since 774, when King Silo established his court at Santianes de Pravia, until the reign of Alfonso II, it was the capital of the kingdom of Asturias.
Stromlo Forest Park
Stromlo Forest Park is an outdoor recreation facility supported by the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) government. The park is located in western area of the ACT, adjacent to the Molonglo Valley, and about 15 minutes' drive from Canberra's Central Business District.

2003 Canberra bushfires
The 2003 Canberra bushfires caused severe damage to the suburbs and outer areas of Canberra, the capital city of Australia, during 18–22 January 2003. Almost 70% of the Australian Capital Territory's (ACT) pastures, pine plantations, and nature parks were severely damaged, and most of the Mount Stromlo Observatory was destroyed. After burning for a week around the edges of the ACT, the fires entered the suburbs of Canberra on 18 January 2003. Over the next ten hours, four people died, over 490 were injured, and more than 500 homes were destroyed or severely damaged, requiring a significant relief and reconstruction effort.
December 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 12 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 14

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on December 26 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For December 13th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 30.

Herman of Alaska
Herman of Alaska (Russian: Герман Аляскинский, romanized: German Alaskinsky; c. 1756 – November 15, 1837) was a Russian Orthodox monk and missionary to Alaska, which was then part of Russian America. He is considered by many Orthodox Christians to be the patron saint of North America.
National Outstanding Children's Literature Award
The National Outstanding Children's Literature Award (Chinese: 全国优秀儿童文学奖) is a major literary award in China, established in 1986. It is run by the China Writers Association, and is awarded every three years in the categories of novels, picture books, poetry, essays and non-fiction.

It was one of a series of literary awards organised on a national level from 1978, typically known as "National Outstanding" prizes. In the 1950s there had been awards for theatrical works and performance, but not for fiction, poetry and the other arts.

Cao Wenxuan
Cao Wenxuan (simplified Chinese: 曹文轩; traditional Chinese: 曹文軒; pinyin: Cáo Wénxuān; born January 1954) is a Chinese novelist, best known for his works of children's literature. Cao is the vice president of the Beijing Writers Association. He is also a professor and doctoral tutor at Peking University. His novels have been translated into English, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, and Serbian.
Udyan Abha Toofan Express
The 13007 / 13008 Udyan Abha Toofan Express was an Express train belonging to Indian Railways – Eastern Railway zone that used to run between Howrah and Sri Ganganagar in India.

It operated as train number 13007 from Howrah to Sri Ganganagar and as train number 13008 in the reverse direction, serving the 8 states of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Punjab and Rajasthan. Eastern Railway cancelled its operations permanently from 19 May 2020 with 16 other pairs of trains such as the Sealdah-Rampurhat Intercity Express, Barddhaman-Rampurhat Express, Sealdah-Anand Vihar Terminal Express, Sealdah-Varanasi Express, Howrah-Anand Vihar Yuva Express, Howrah-New Jalpaiguri AC Express, Sealdah-Sitamarhi Express, Kolkata-Patna Express, Howrah-Amritsar Express, and 7 other passenger trains.

Barddhaman–Rampurhat Express
The Barddhaman–Rampurhat Express is an Express train belonging to Eastern Railway zone that runs between Barddhaman Junction and Rampurhat Junction in India. It was operated with 13013/13014 train numbers on thrice in a week basis.It is currently not operating and cancelled. Before cancel , It runs from Bardhaman on Monday, Thursday & Saturday and from Rampurhat on Wednesday, Friday & Sunday
Parshin chain
In number theory, a Parshin chain is a higher-dimensional analogue of a place of an algebraic number field. They were introduced by Parshin (1978) in order to define an analogue of the idele class group for 2-dimensional schemes.

A Parshin chain of dimension s on a scheme is a finite sequence of points p0, p1, ..., ps such that pi has dimension i and each point is contained in the closure of the next one.

Algebraic number field
In mathematics, an algebraic number field (or simply number field) is an extension field  of the field of rational numbers  such that the field extension  has finite degree (and hence is an algebraic field extension).
Thus  is a field that contains  and has finite dimension when considered as a vector space over .

The study of algebraic number fields, that is, of algebraic extensions of the field of rational numbers, is the central topic of algebraic number theory. This study reveals hidden structures behind the rational numbers, by using algebraic methods.
Pauliina Feodoroff
Pauliina Feodoroff (born 1977 in Inari, Finland) is a Skolt Sámi film director, theater director, screenwriter, and Sápmi advocate. An active advocate of Sámi culture and Sámi rights, she has served as Chair of the Saami Council.

Saami Council
The Saami Council is a voluntary, non-governmental organization of the Sámi people made up of nine Sámi member organizations from Finland, Norway, Russia, and Sweden. Since the founding of the Nordic Saami Council in 1956, among the first indigenous peoples' organizations, the Saami Council has actively dealt with Sámi public policy tasks. In 1992, when Russian Sámi groups joined the council, "Nordic" was removed from the council's name. The secretary was previously sited in both Helsinki and Utsjoki, Finland, but is now in Kárášjohka, Norway. The Saami Council is funded by a range of grants, and its engagements are based on decisions, statements, declarations, and political programs from the Saami Conference held every four years.
Religious intolerance
Religious intolerance or religious bigotry is intolerance of another's religious beliefs, practices, faith or lack thereof.

Statements which are contrary to one's religious beliefs do not constitute intolerance. Religious intolerance, rather, occurs when a person or group (e.g., a society, a religious group, a non-religious group) specifically refuses to tolerate the religious convictions and practices of a religious group or individual.

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is a U.S. federal government commission created by the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998. USCIRF commissioners are appointed by the president and the leadership of both political parties in the Senate and the House of Representatives. USCIRF's principal responsibilities are to review the facts and circumstances of violations of religious freedom internationally and to make policy recommendations to the president, the secretary of state, and the Congress.
Vilnius Airport
Vilnius Čiurlionis International Airport (IATA: VNO, ICAO: EYVI) (Lithuanian: Tarptautinis Vilniaus Čiurlionio oro uostas) is the airport of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania. It is located 5.9 km (3.7 mi) south of the city center. It is the largest of the three commercial airports in Lithuania by passenger traffic, with one runway and 5 million passengers a year. It is the 2nd-busiest airport in the Baltic states (after Riga), 17th-busiest airport in post-Soviet states as well as one of Top 100 busiest airports in Europe. Vilnius International Airport serves as a base for airBaltic, Ryanair, and Wizz Air. The airport is managed by Joint Stock Company Lithuanian Airports under the Ministry of Transport and Communications. It is the 96th busiest airport in Europe. In honor of Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, the airport was renamed to Vilnius Čiurlionis International Airport (Lithuanian: Tarptautinis Vilniaus Čiurlionio oro uostas) from 1 January 2025, to 31 December 2029.

Riga International Airport
RIX Riga Airport (Latvian: RIX Rīgas lidosta; IATA: RIX, ICAO: EVRA) is the international airport of Riga, the capital of Latvia, and the largest airport in the Baltic states with direct flights to 107 destinations as of September 2024. It is the 12th-busiest airport in post-Soviet states as well as 77th-busiest airport in Europe. It serves as a hub for airBaltic, SmartLynx Airlines and RAF-Avia, and as one of the base airports for Ryanair and Norwegian Air Shuttle. The Latvian national carrier airBaltic is the largest carrier that serves the airport, followed by Ryanair. The airport is located in the Mārupe Municipality west of Riga, approximately 10 km from its city centre.
2024 Senior Open Championship
The 2024 Senior Open Championship, by sponsor reasons named The Senior Open presented by Rolex, was a senior major golf championship for players aged 50 and over. It was the 37th Senior Open Championship. It was held 25–28 July at Carnoustie Golf Links in Carnoustie, Angus, Scotland. It was the 21st Senior Open Championship played as a senior major championship.

Carnoustie
Carnoustie (/kɑːrˈnuːsti/; Scottish Gaelic: Càrn Ùstaidh) is a town and former police burgh in the council area of Angus, Scotland. It is at the mouth of the Barry Burn on the North Sea coast. In the 2011 census, Carnoustie had a population of 11,394, making it the fourth-largest town in Angus.
The town was founded in the late 18th century, and grew rapidly throughout the 19th century due to the growth of the local textile industry. It was popular as a tourist resort from the early Victorian era up to the latter half of the 20th century, due to its seaside location, and is best known for the Carnoustie Golf Links course that often hosts the Open Championship.

Carnoustie can be considered a dormitory town for its nearest city, Dundee, which is 11 miles (18 kilometres) to the west. It is served principally by Carnoustie railway station, and also by Golf Street railway station. Its nearest major road is the A92, north of the town.
Timeline of the Anglophone Crisis (2019)
This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon during 2019.

The Anglophone Crisis is an ongoing armed conflict in the Republic of Cameroon in Central Africa, where historically English-speaking Ambazonian separatists are seeking the independence of the former British trust territory of Southern Cameroons, which was unified with Cameroon since 1961.

Bui (Cameroon department)
Bui (Builand) is a department of Northwest Province in Cameroon. The department covers an area of 2,297 km2 and as of 2001 had a total population of 322,877. The capital of the department lies at Kumbo.
Kaúlza de Arriaga
Kaúlza de Oliveira de Arriaga, OA, GCC, OC, OIH (18 January 1915 – 2 February 2004) was a Portuguese general, writer, professor and politician. He was Secretary of State (junior minister) of the Air Force between 1953 and 1955 and commander of the Terrestrial Forces in Mozambique from 1969 until 1974 during the Mozambican War of Independence.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Edward Jackamonis
Edward George Jackamonis Jr. (October 19, 1939 – January 22, 2006) was an American educator and Democratic politician from Waukesha, Wisconsin.  He was the 69th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly (1977–1983) and served 12 years in the Assembly, representing Wisconsin's 98th Assembly district from 1971 to 1983.  He subsequently served as executive director of the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority from 1983 to 1988.

Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
The Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly is the presiding officer of the Wisconsin State Assembly, the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature.  Article IV of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified in 1848, establishes the legislature and specifies the election of officers.  The role and responsibilities of the speaker are defined in the Assembly Rules, originally in Rule 1, and also, under the present rules, Rule 3.
Stadion Miejski (Gdynia)
Stadion Miejski (English: Municipal Stadium), also known as Stadion GOSiR, is a football stadium in Gdynia, Poland. It is the home ground of Arka, but has also hosted several international games, including those of the Poland youth national team. The stadium holds 15,139 people and replaced an obsolete ground by the same name that stood here since 1964. In 2017, it serves as one of the venues for the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship and hosted several matches of the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup, including the third place match.

2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship (also known as UEFA Under-21 Euro 2017) was the 21st edition of the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, a biennial international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the men's under-21 national teams of Europe. The final tournament was hosted in Poland for the first time, after their bid was selected by the UEFA Executive Committee on 26 January 2015 in Nyon, Switzerland. The tournament took place from 16 to 30 June 2017. Players born on or after 1 January 1994 were eligible for the tournament.

In March 2012, UEFA announced that the competition would take place in even numbered years from 2016 onwards. In September 2013, UEFA announced its intention to continue holding the final tournament in odd numbered years following a request from its member national football associations. On 24 January 2014, UEFA confirmed that the final tournament would be held in 2017 and that it would be expanded from 8 teams to 12.
Mohamed Ali Alhakim
Dr. Mohamed Ali Alhakim (Arabic: محمد علي الحكيم; born 1952 in Najaf, Iraq) is an Iraqi politician and diplomat. He was the foreign minister of Iraq from October 25, 2018 to May 12, 2020 in the government of Prime Minister Adel Abdel Mahdi. He is the former  Permanent Representative of Iraq to the United Nations Office at Geneva and New York.

Adil Abdul-Mahdi
Adil Abdul-Mahdi al-Muntafiki (Arabic: عادل عبد المهدي المنتفكي, born 1 January 1942) is an Iraqi politician  who served as Prime Minister of Iraq from October 2018 until May 2020. Abdul-Mahdi is an economist and was one of the vice presidents of Iraq from 2005 to 2011. He formerly served as Minister of Finance in the Interim government and Oil Minister from 2014 to 2016.

Abdul-Mahdi is a former member of the powerful Shi'a party the Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council, or SIIC. Long based in neighboring Iran, the group opposed a United States administration while holding close ties with the other, U.S.-backed, groups that opposed Saddam Hussein, including the Kurds and the Iraqi National Congress.

Abdul-Mahdi submitted his formal resignation as prime minister in November 2019, following widespread protests over political corruption and violent police responses.