hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tyler Myers
Tyler Paul Myers (born February 1, 1990) is a Canadian–American professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman and alternate captain for the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the Buffalo Sabres in the first round, 12th overall, in the 2008 NHL entry draft. At the end of the 2009–10 season, Myers won the Calder Memorial Trophy as the NHL's best rookie. Standing at 6 ft 8 in (203 cm) tall, he is one of the tallest active players in the NHL, and was nicknamed "The Big Easy" or "Big Tex" when he started his NHL career, because he was born in Houston. After moving to Vancouver, Myers earned the nickname "Chaos Giraffe" from fans.

Born in Houston, Myers grew up in Calgary. Internationally he represented Canada, and has won gold medals at the 2008 IIHF World U18 Championships, 2009 World Junior Championships, and 2023 IIHF World Championships.

2009–10 NHL season
The 2009–10 NHL season was the 93rd season of operation (92nd season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). It ran from October 1, 2009—including four games in Europe on October 2 and 3—until April 11, 2010, with the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs running to June 9, 2010. A mid-season break from February 15 to February 28 occurred to allow participation of NHL players in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Because of the Winter Olympics break, there was no NHL All-Star Game for 2010. The Stanley Cup Final saw the Chicago Blackhawks defeat the Philadelphia Flyers in six games, for their first championship since the 1960–61 season.
Diwata-1
Diwata-1 also known as PHL-Microsat-1 was a Philippine microsatellite launched to the International Space Station (ISS) on March 23, 2016, and was deployed into orbit from the ISS on April 27, 2016. It was the first Philippine microsatellite and the first satellite built and designed by Filipinos. It was followed by Diwata-2, launched in 2018.

JAXA
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) (国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, Kokuritsu-kenkyū-kaihatsu-hōjin Uchū Kōkū Kenkyū Kaihatsu Kikō; lit. 'National Research and Development Agency Aerospace Research and Development Organisation') is the Japanese national air and space agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on 1 October 2003. JAXA is responsible for research, technology development and launch of satellites into orbit, and is involved in many more advanced missions such as asteroid exploration and possible human exploration of the Moon. Its motto is One JAXA and its corporate slogan is Explore to Realize (formerly Reaching for the skies, exploring space).
ISO 3166-2:EG
ISO 3166-2:EG is the entry for Egypt in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Egypt, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 27 governorates. 6th of October Governorate and Helwan Governorate, which had their codes added in Newsletter II-2, were merged back into Giza Governorate and Cairo Governorate respectively in 2011.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is EG, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Egypt. The second part is either one, two, or three letters.

Giza Governorate
Giza (Arabic: محافظة الجيزة Muḥāfaẓah Al Gizah) is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is in the center of the country, situated mostly on the west bank of the Nile River opposite Cairo.  Its capital is the city of Giza.  It includes a stretch of the left bank of the Nile Valley around Giza, as well as a relatively small portion of the east bank (such as Ghammāzah al Kubrá and El-Saf).

Giza acquired a large stretch of Egypt's Western Desert, including Bahariya Oasis when the 6th of October Governorate was merged into it on 14 April 2011.  The Giza Governorate is also home to the Great Sphinx and the Pyramids of Giza.
Gemma Cairney
Gemma Cairney (born 19 March 1985) is an English television and radio presenter best known for her work on BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 6 Music. She most recently presented The Leisure Society on BBC Radio 6 Music where she interviewed cultural icons including Goldie, Tracey Emin, Kelley Deal, Laurie Vincent from Slaves and Cosey Fanni Tutti. She is currently the host of the podcast Dream Space for Factory International. Previously she co-hosted The Surgery alongside Radha Modgil. She has also presented Gemma Cairney on BBC Radio 1, weekends 7 am – 10 am and later weekdays 4 am – 6:30 am, switching with Dev. More recently she has regularly covered for Lauren Laverne, Mary Ann Hobbs, Chris Hawkins, Steve Lamacq, Cerys Matthews and Craig Charles on BBC Radio 6 Music. Cairney is also an Oxfam ambassador.

Mary Anne Hobbs
Mary Anne Hobbs (born 16 May 1964) is an English DJ and music journalist from Lancashire, England. She currently hosts on BBC Radio 6 Music. She is also a performer and curator of live events. In 2024 she created a ground-breaking collaboration with violinist Anna Phoebe for the 6 Music Festival. She's hosted the ALL QUEENS stage at All Points East festival for 4 years. In 2019, she created a radical live show, Queens of the Electronic Underground for Manchester International Festival and assisted David Lynch with his musical presentation at the festival, following her series of shows, "Dark Matter" at MIF 2017.  She staged a BBC Prom with Nils Frahm and A Winged Victory for the Sullen in 2015.  She performs as a live DJ internationally, at events such as the opening of Switch House at Tate Modern and the Tate Britain re-hang celebrations in 2023.
Joan Moschovakis
Joan Rand Moschovakis is a logician and mathematician focusing on intuitionistic logic and mathematics.  She is professor emerita at Occidental College and a guest at UCLA.

Moschovakis earned her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1965 under the direction of Stephen Kleene, with a dissertation titled Disjunction, Existence and *-Eliminability in Formalized Intuitionistic Analysis.

Moschovakis is married to Yiannis Moschovakis, with whom she gave the 2014 Lindström Lectures at the University of Gothenburg.

Stephen Cole Kleene
Stephen Cole Kleene (/ˈkleɪni/ KLAY-nee; January 5, 1909 – January 25, 1994) was an American mathematician and logician. One of the students of Alonzo Church, Kleene, along with Rózsa Péter, Alan Turing, Emil Post, and others, is best known as a founder of the branch of mathematical logic known as recursion theory, which subsequently helped to provide the foundations of theoretical computer science. Kleene's work grounds the study of computable functions. A number of mathematical concepts are named after him: Kleene hierarchy, Kleene algebra, the Kleene star (Kleene closure), Kleene's recursion theorem and the Kleene fixed-point theorem. He also invented regular expressions in 1951 to describe McCulloch-Pitts neural networks, and made significant contributions to the foundations of mathematical intuitionism.
Bing Shopping
Bing Shopping (formerly MSN Shopping, Windows Live Shopping, Live Search Products and Windows Live Product Search) is a products search and discovery service that allows users to search for products from various sellers together on a single website. It uses Bing to show product results–including photos and product details. Products can be filtered and prices compared. Purchases are completed on the seller's website.

Discontinued around October 1, 2013,[1] it was relaunched in August 2017 using a paid model where merchants pay to list their products on the service using Bing Ads Product Ads.

Microsoft Advertising
Microsoft Advertising (formerly Bing Ads) is an online advertising platform developed by Microsoft, where advertisers bid to display brief advertisements to web users. It provides pay per click advertising on search engines Bing, Yahoo! and DuckDuckGo, as well as on other websites, mobile apps, and videos.

Advertisers can import their Google Ads campaigns directly into the Microsoft Advertising platform. This time saving feature encourages advertisers to use their platform even though it has significantly less users.

In 2021, Microsoft Advertising surpassed US$10 billion in annual revenue.
Luz Range
Luz Range (72°3′S 4°49′E﻿ / ﻿72.050°S 4.817°E﻿ / -72.050; 4.817) is a mountain range 14 nautical miles (26 km) long, including Petrellfjellet, Snobjorga Bluff and associated features, lying next east of the Gablenz Range in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and named after the commercial director of the German Lufthansa Corporation.

Petrellfjellet
Petrellfjellet (71°59′S 4°50′E﻿ / ﻿71.983°S 4.833°E﻿ / -71.983; 4.833) is a prominent, mainly ice-free mountain between Slokstallen Mountain and Mount Grytoyr in the Muhlig-Hofmann Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named Petrellfjellet (the petrel mountain).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Petrellfjellet". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
2008 Coppa Italia final
The 2008 Coppa Italia final was the final match of the 2007–08 Coppa Italia, the top cup competition in Italian football. The match was played on 24 May 2008, between defending champions A.S. Roma and Internazionale at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome. This was the fourth consecutive and total final between these two clubs. Roma successfully defended their title as cup winners, defeating Inter by a score of 2–1. Roma qualified for the 2008 Supercoppa Italiana, for which Inter qualified regardless as Serie A champions.

For the first time since 1980 the final was played as a single match, theoretically on neutral territory although the Stadio Olimpico in Rome is the home ground of Roma.

2007–08 Coppa Italia
The 2007–08 Coppa Italia was the 61st edition of the national domestic tournament. Fixtures were announced at 16:00 CET, July 25, 2007. The tournament began on August 14, 2007, and ended on May 24, 2008, with a single-match final played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome. For the fourth consecutive tournament, Roma and Internazionale were the finalists. Roma won the tournament 2–1 in the final.

The format of the 2007–08 Coppa, which was announced on June 28, 2007, was a major departure from the format used in previous cup tournaments. The new format reduced the number of competitors to the 42 teams that would play in Serie A and Serie B for the 2007–08 season; no Serie C teams participated in the tournament. Also, the rather unusual two-leg final was eliminated.
Krivodol, Bulgaria
Krivodol (Bulgarian: Криводол, pronounced [krivoˈdɔɫ]; "crooked ravine") is a town in northwestern Bulgaria, part of Vratsa Province. It is the administrative centre of Krivodol municipality, which lies in the western part of Vratsa Province, halfway between Vratsa and Montana and 130 kilometres north of Sofia.

In 1880, Krivodol had a population of 982, in the early 20th century 1,117. Following World War II, it had grown to 2,812. The town has a historical museum with an ethnographic collection and an art gallery. Notable natives are Georgi Milchev ("Godzhi"), a bassist with Slavi's Show and singer Nina Nikolina.

Vratsa
Vratsa (Bulgarian: Враца [ˈvrat͡sɐ]) is the largest city in northwestern Bulgaria and the administrative and economic centre of the municipality of Vratsa and Vratsa district. It is about 112 km (70 mi) north of Sofia, 40 km (25 mi) southeast of Montana.

Situated at the foot of the Vrachanski Balkan, the town is near numerous caves, waterfalls, and rock formations. The most famous of them are the Ledenika Cave, Skaklya Waterfall, and the Vratsata Pass.

The Vratsa History Museum holds the Rogozen treasure, which is the largest Thracian treasure.

Botev Days are held annually in the city, culminating in the rally-dawn on 1 June, held at Hristo Botev Square, as well as the national worship on 2 June at Mount Okolchitsa.

Vratsa's motto is "A city like the Balkan – ancient and young".
HD 96566
HD 96566 is a single star in the southern constellation of Carina. It has the Bayer designation z1 Carinae; HD 96566 is the identifier from the Henry Draper Catalogue. This object has a yellow hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.62. The star is located at a distance of approximately 383 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −1 km/s. It has an absolute magnitude of −0.81.

This is an aging G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G7.5III, which indicates it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded off the main sequence. It has an estimated 3.7 times the mass of the Sun and has grown to 21 times the Sun's radius. The metallicity, or abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, is about the same as in the Sun. It is radiating about 242 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,913 K.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Karnaphuli Hydropower Station
The Karnaphuli Hydropower Station, commonly referred to as the Kaptai Hydroelectric Power Station, is a hydroelectric power generating facility situated in Kaptai Upazila, Rangamati District, within the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. This power station was constructed by building a dam, known as Kaptai Dam, across the Karnaphuli River, harnessing the power of flowing water to generate electricity।

Kaptai Upazila
Kaptai (Bengali: কাপ্তাই) is an upazila of Rangamati District in Chittagong, Bangladesh. The name of the Kaptai was derived from the Tripuri word "Kaptetoima". It is said that in the past, the river was wild and full of tropical flora and fauna. Large quantities and several varieties of canes could be found along the river bank that flows from the south, upper ridge. The river reaches its estuary at the Kainsa Khyong (Karnafuli River).

Notable landmarks are the Karnaphuli Hydroelectric Power Station, the only hydroelectric power plant of Bangladesh. The Kaptai Dam, built for this purpose on the Karnaphuli River, created the Kaptai Lake, the largest man-made dam in Bangladesh.
Golf Federation of Armenia
The Golf Federation of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի գոլֆի ֆեդերացիա), also known as the National Golf Association of Armenia, is the regulating body of golf in Armenia, governed by the Armenian Olympic Committee. The headquarters of the federation is located in Yerevan.

Armenian Olympic Committee
The Armenian Olympic Committee (ARMNOC; Armenian: Հայաստանի ազգային օլիմպիական կոմիտե, romanized: Hayastani Olimpiakan Komite; IOC Code: ARM) is the National Olympic Committee responsible for Armenia's participation in the Olympic Games. It is headquartered in Yerevan.
Egyptian Public Works
The Egyptian Department of Public Works was established in the early 19th century, and concentrates mainly on public works relating to irrigation and hydraulic engineering. These irrigation projects have constituted the bulk of work performed by this entity in Egypt. During its almost 200-year history, the Egyptian Department of Public Works employed many notable engineers and constructed massive public works projects throughout the country. It became the most respected engineering entity and was regarded as the 'best school' for civil engineers in modern Egypt. Its history can be broken into three periods:

The Classic Period (1818–1882).

The Occupation Period (1882–1952).

The Modern Period (1952 to present).

Colin Scott-Moncrieff
Colonel Sir Colin Campbell Scott-Moncrieff KCSI KCMG (3 August 1836 – 6 April 1916) was a British engineer, soldier and civil servant, best known for repairing the Nile Barrage and reorganizing the irrigation system of Egypt in the 1880s.
Battle of Alau
The Battle of Alau was fought in Alau, Parsa District on  28 July 1847. It was fought between the armies of Rajendra Bikram Shah and  Jung Bahadur Rana and in this confrontation, Jung Bahadur's army won against Rajendra's army and arrested King Rajendra.

After the Bhandarkhal Parva, King Rajendra went to Kashi with the queen. In this period, Jung Bahadur dethroned King Mahendra and replaced him with prince Surendra. Rajendra, then, started plotting the removal of Jung Bahadur with his consultants. However, Jung Bahadur was aware of this conspiracy because he had sent his spies with King Rajendra to Kashi. As a result, King Rajendra's army was slaughtered in Alau and he was then put under arrest. This event is popularly known as 'Alau Parva' in Nepal.

Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
Adrenal gland disorder
Adrenal gland disorders (or diseases) are conditions that interfere with the normal functioning of the adrenal glands. Your body produces too much or too little of one or more hormones when you have an adrenal gland dysfunction. The type of issue you have and the degree to which it affects your body's hormone levels determine the symptoms.

The adrenal gland produces hormones that affects growth, development and stress, and also helps to regulate kidney function. There are two parts of the adrenal glands, the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex produces mineralocorticoids, which regulate salt and water balance within the body, glucocorticoids (including cortisol) which have a wide number of roles within the body, and androgens, hormones with testosterone-like function. The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).

Adrenal medulla
The adrenal medulla (Latin: medulla glandulae suprarenalis) is the inner part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of chromaffin cells that secrete catecholamines, including epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and a small amount of dopamine, in response to stimulation by sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
George Nairn-Briggs
Christianity portal

George Peter Nairn-Briggs (born  5 July 1945) was a Provost then the Dean of Wakefield.

He was born on 5 July 1945 and educated at  Slough Technical High School  and began his working life in local authority housing after which he was a press officer for MAFF. From 1966 he began to study for the priesthood, firstly at King's College London and then at St Augustine's College, Canterbury. He held curacies at St Laurence, Catford and then St Saviour, Raynes Park. After this he was Vicar of Christ the King, Salfords and then St Peter, St Helier (Bishop Andrewes) in Morden. He was the Bishop of Wakefield’s Advisor for Social Responsibility between  1987 and 1997,  and a Canon Residentiary at Wakefield Cathedral from 1992. He was then promoted to lead the staff at the Cathedral Church of All Saints, his job title (if not his role) changing in 2000.

He is also the author of several books.

Dean of Wakefield
The Dean of Wakefield is the head (primus inter pares – first among equals) and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Wakefield Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of All Saints Wakefield. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is one of three co-equal mother churches of the Diocese of Leeds and a seat of the Bishop of Leeds. The most recent dean was Simon Cowling.
National Half Century Exposition and Lincoln Jubilee
The National Half Century Exposition and Lincoln Jubilee, was a festival exposition from August 22 to September 16, 1915 held in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It celebrated the 50th anniversary of the emancipation of enslaved African Americans. Held at the Chicago Coliseum near Bronzeville, the full official name of the exhibition was, the National Half Century Anniversary Exposition and The Lincoln Jubilee: 50th Anniversary Celebration.

Black Metropolis–Bronzeville District
The Black Metropolis–Bronzeville District is a historic African-American district in the Bronzeville neighborhood of the Douglas community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois.

The neighborhood encompasses the land between the Dan Ryan Expressway to the west, Martin Luther King Jr. Drive to the east, 31st Street to the north, and Pershing Road (39th street) to the south.

The Bronzeville–Black Metropolis National Heritage Area was established in the National Heritage Area Act in 2022. The National Heritage Area will help preserve more than 200 locations in the neighborhood between 18th and 71st Streets.
Ben Goodrich
Benjamin "Ben" Goodrich (born November 26, 1992) is an American Paralympic judoka. He competed in the Men's 100 kg event in the 2021 Tokyo Paralympics where he won a silver medal. He also participated in the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games as a member of Team USA.

His fiancé Nicolina Pernheim is also a Paralympic judoka, they got engaged in 2020 and are now married.

Nicolina Pernheim Goodrich
Nicolina Pernheim Goodrich (born 22 August 1991) is a blind Swedish Paralympic judoka who competes in international level events. She is a triple European champion in the women's middleweight category and has participated at the Summer Paralympics three times. She is highly regarded as one of Sweden's best female judoka.

In 2020 she was supported financially by a campaign which raised money from Swedes who bought a particular pillow. The money was shared between Pernheim, cyclist Louise Jannering and long jumper Viktoria Karlsson in order that they could fund guides prior to the postponed 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo.
United States v. Ursery
United States v. Ursery, 518 U.S. 267 (1996), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that in rem civil forfeitures are not "punishment" for purposes of the Double Jeopardy Clause.

Double Jeopardy Clause
The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides: "[N]or shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb..." The four essential protections included are prohibitions against, for the same offense:

retrial after an acquittal;

retrial after a conviction;

retrial after certain mistrials; and

multiple punishment

Jeopardy attaches in jury trial when the jury is empaneled and sworn in, in a bench trial when the court begins to hear evidence after the first witness is sworn in, or when a court accepts a defendant's plea unconditionally. Jeopardy does not attach in a retrial of a conviction that was reversed on appeal on procedural grounds (as opposed to evidentiary insufficiency grounds), in a retrial for which "manifest necessity" has been shown following a mistrial, and in the seating of another grand jury if the prior one refuses to return an indictment.