hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doubling (textiles)
Doubling is a textile industry term synonymous with combining. It can be used for various processes during spinning. During the carding stage, several sources of roving are doubled together and drawn, to remove variations in thickness. After spinning, yarn is doubled for many reasons. Yarn may be doubled to produce warp for weaving, to make cotton for lace, crochet and knitting. It is used for embroidery threads and sewing threads, for example: sewing thread is usually 6-cable thread. Two threads of spun 60s cotton are twisted together, and three of these double threads are twisted into a cable, of what is now 5s yarn. This is mercerised, gassed (AKA flamed) and wound onto a bobbin.

Thread (yarn)
A thread is a long strand of material, often composed of several filaments or fibres, used for joining, creating or decorating textiles. Ancient Egyptians were known for creating thread using plant fibers, wool and hair. Today, thread can also be made of many different materials including but not limited to cotton, wool, flax, nylon, silk, polyester etc. There are also metal threads (sometimes used in decorative textiles), which can be made of fine wire.

Thread is similar to yarn, cord, twine, or string, and there is some overlap between the way these terms are used. However, thread is most often used to mean materials fine and smooth enough for sewing, embroidery, weaving, or making lace or net. Yarn is often used to mean a thicker and softer material, suitable for knitting and crochet. Cords, twines or strings are usually stronger materials, suitable for tying and fastening.
Shahid Hamid
Shahid Hamid (Punjabi, Urdu: شاہد حامد) is a Pakistani lawyer and former politician who served as the Governor of Punjab from 11 March 1997 to 18 August 1999, during Nawaz Sharif's second term in office as Prime Minister. He was affiliated with the Pakistan Muslim League (N). He is a lawyer by profession having studied from PULC, he is a senior advocate in the Supreme Court of Pakistan and is considered an authoritative legal and constitutional expert of the country. He also served as the caretaker Defence Minister of Pakistan from 5 November 1996 to 17 February 1997.

Governor of Punjab, Pakistan
The governor of Punjab (Punjabi/Urdu: گورنر پنجاب, romanized: Gavarnar Panjāb) is the head of province of the Pakistani province of Punjab. Appointed by the federal government through the president of Pakistan, the governor serves a nominal and ceremonial role as head of province and executive, with real executive authority exercised by the elected chief minister and their appointed cabinet; and administrative authority by the chief secretary, the senior-most bureaucrat in the province, who reports to the chief minister.

However, throughout the history of Pakistan, the powers of the provincial governors were vastly increased, when the provincial assemblies were dissolved and the administrative role came under direct control of the governors, as in the cases of martial laws of 1958–1972 and 1977–1985, and governor rules of 1999–2002. In the case of Punjab, there was direct governor rule in 1949–1951, when the provincial chief minister of that time was removed and assemblies dissolved.
Tommy Finke
Tommy Finke (born as Thomas David Finke February 4, 1981), sometimes using the pseudonym T.D. Finck von Finckenstein, is a German singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He is known for his work in indie, alternative, and pop music, as well as for composing electronic music, theater scores, and film soundtracks. From 2015 to 2020, Finke served as the musical director at Schauspiel Dortmund.

Finke began performing his own songs in 1997 and has drawn inspiration from a diverse range of artists, including Oasis, The Beatles, The Cure, and Rio Reiser. Over the years, he has established himself as a composer in the German theater and film industries.

Theater Dortmund
Theater Dortmund is a theatrical organization that produces operas, musicals, ballets, plays, and concerts in Dortmund, Germany. It was founded as the Stadttheater Dortmund in 1904. Supported by the German Government, the organization owns and operates several performance spaces.

In 2010, the Ruhr district was a European Capital of Culture, Theater Dortmund is a partner of the related program RUHR.2010 in the fields Music and Theater and Dance.
Harold B. Willey
Harold B. Willey was an American lawyer who served as the clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1952 to 1956.

Willey spent much of his professional career working for the Supreme Court, where he served for 32 years. He began his tenure as an Assistant Clerk in 1924, and then served as Deputy Clerk under Clerk Charles Elmore Cropley from 1941 to 1952. During 1945–1946, Willey served as General Secretary to the American delegation to the Nuremberg trials, where Supreme Court Justice Robert H. Jackson was acting as a prosecutor.

Willey succeeded Cropley as Clerk upon Cropley's retirement in 1952, and held the office for four years. During this period, Willey served as a key member of a committee that substantially revised the Court's Rules, effective in 1954. Willey retired in 1956 and was succeeded by John T. Fey.

John T. Fey
John T. Fey served as Clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1956 to 1958, during the Chief Justiceship of Earl Warren.

Before coming to the Supreme Court, Fey (pronounced "Fie") was a professor of tax law and the dean of the George Washington University Law School. After a relatively short tenure as clerk, he resigned to become the president of the University of Vermont. He later served as president of the University of Wyoming before entering the private sector.

He earned degrees from Washington and Lee University (BA), University of Maryland (LLB), Harvard Business School (MBA), and Yale Law School (SJD).
Ōhinetamatea River
Ōhinetamatea River / Saltwater Creek is a river in the Westland District of New Zealand.

The river rises on the north flank of the Copland Range and flows generally northward until it reaches the valley of the Cook River and turns westward. There is a 72 metres (236 ft) high waterfall at 700 metres (2,300 ft) elevation. The river passes to the south of an ancient glacial moraine which separates its lower reaches from the Cook River valley.

Westland District
Westland District is a territorial authority district on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is administered by the Westland District Council. The district's population is 9,270 (June 2024).
Y'all Caught? The Ones That Got Away 1979–1985
Y'all Caught? The Ones That Got Away 1979–1985 was singer-songwriter John Hiatt's first greatest hits album, released in 1989.  It features music from the albums Slug Line, Two Bit Monsters, All of a Sudden, Riding with the King, and Warming Up to the Ice Age.

Slug Line
Slug Line is singer-songwriter John Hiatt's third album, released in April 1979. It was the first of two albums with MCA Records. It was his first charting album, reaching No. 202 on Billboard's album charts, and also the highest-charting album during his first 15 years as a recording artist.
Dale Torborg
Dale Christian Torborg (born October 24, 1971) is an American baseball trainer and professional wrestler. In wrestling, he is best known for portraying the Kiss themed character, The Demon. He is the son of Major League Baseball manager Jeff Torborg. He was the strength and conditioning coordinator for the Chicago White Sox from 2003 until 2022.

Manager (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a manager is a supporting character paired with a wrestler (or wrestlers) for a variety of reasons. A woman accompanying, or "seconding", a male wrestler to a match is sometimes referred to as a valet.

Performers who assume this role may be non-wrestlers, occasional wrestlers, older wrestlers who have retired or are nearing retirement, the tag team partner of the wrestler they are managing, or new wrestlers who are breaking into the business (or a specific company) and need experience in front of the crowds. The wrestler who is paired with a manager may be referred to as their charge, client, or ward. A professional wrestling manager's portrayal as a wrestler's decision-maker is usually fictional and has nothing to do with a wrestler or promotion's real-world counterpart or road agent.
Henningsomyces
Henningsomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. Based on the small, tubular structure of its sporulating body it is called a cyphelloid fungi.

The genus name of Henningsomyces is in honour of Paul Christoph Hennings (1841–1908), who was a German mycologist and herbarium curator.

The genus was circumscribed by Carl Ernst Otto Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. vol.3 (issue 3) on page 483 in 1898.

Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally cyphelloid (in the genus Cellypha). According to a 2008 estimate, the family contained 54 genera and 1590 species, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has led to a more restricted family concept, so that the Marasmiaceae included just 13 genera, and some 1205 species. It was reduced further down in 2020, to 10 genera and about 700 species.
Environmental stewardship
Environmental stewardship (or planetary stewardship) refers to the responsible use and protection of the natural environment through active participation in conservation efforts and sustainable practices by individuals, small groups, nonprofit organizations, federal agencies, and other collective networks. Aldo Leopold (1887–1949) championed environmental stewardship in land ethics, exploring the ethical implications of "dealing with man's relation to land and to the animals and plants which grow upon it."

Land ethic
A land ethic is a philosophy or theoretical framework about how, ethically, humans should regard the land. The term was coined by Aldo Leopold (1887–1948) in his A Sand County Almanac (1949), a classic text of the environmental movement. There he argues that there is a critical need for a "new ethic", an "ethic dealing with human's relation to land and to the animals and plants which grow upon it".

Leopold offers an ecologically based land ethic that rejects strictly human-centered views of the environment and focuses on the preservation of healthy, self-renewing ecosystems. A Sand County Almanac was the first systematic presentation of a holistic or ecocentric approach to the environment. Although Leopold is credited with coining the term "land ethic", there are many philosophical theories that speak to how humans should treat the land. Some of the most prominent land ethics include those rooted in economics, utilitarianism, libertarianism, egalitarianism, and ecology.
Frankie and Johnny (soundtrack)
Frankie and Johnny is the twelfth soundtrack album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Victor Records in mono and stereo, LPM/LSP 3553, in April 1966. An excursion into Dixieland and ragtime music, it is the soundtrack to the 1966 film of the same name starring Presley. Recording sessions took place at Radio Recorders in Hollywood, California, on May 12, 13, and 14, 1965. It peaked at number 20 on the Top LP's chart. It was certified Gold and Platinum on January 6, 2004, by the Recording Industry Association of America.

Frankie and Johnny (song)
"Frankie and Johnny" (sometimes spelled "Frankie and Johnnie"; also known as "Frankie and Albert", "Frankie's Man", "Johnny", or just "Frankie") is a murder ballad, a traditional American popular song. It tells the story of a woman, Frankie, who finds her man Johnny making love to another woman and shoots him dead. Frankie is then arrested; in some versions of the song she is also executed.
Europa postage stamp
The Europa postage stamp (also known as Europa – CEPT until 1992) is an annual joint issue of stamps with a common design or theme by postal administrations of member countries of the European Communities (1956–1959), the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) from 1960 to 1992, and the PostEurop Association since 1993. Europe is the central theme.

EUROPA stamps underlines cooperation in the posts domain, taking into account promotion of philately. They also build awareness of the common roots, culture and history of Europe and its common goals. As such, EUROPA stamp issues are among the most collected and most popular stamps in the world.

Since the first issue in 1956, EUROPA stamps have been a tangible symbol of Europe's desire for closer integration and cooperation.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988
The Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988 (TAMRA) (Pub. L. 100–647) made corrections to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and the Revenue Act of 1987. For example: The 1986 Act introduced the "Kiddie" tax, taxing children under 14 on part of their unearned income at their parent's top marginal rate, unless the tax at the child's marginal rate would be higher. TAMRA allowed parents to elect to include the unearned income of their children under 14 on their own returns.

Subtitle J of the act is named the Omnibus Taxpayer Bill of Rights. This was updated in the 1996 Taxpayer Bill of Rights 2, and the 1998 Taxpayer Bill of Rights III.

Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998
The Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998, also known as Taxpayer Bill of Rights III (Pub. L. 105–206 (text) (PDF), 112 Stat. 685, enacted July 22, 1998), resulted from hearings held by the United States Congress in 1996 and 1997. The Act included numerous amendments to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The bill was passed in the Senate unanimously, and was seen as a major reform of the Internal Revenue Service.
1992 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final
The 1992 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the 61st All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1992 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

Wexford went into the lead with a Paula Rankin goal, but Cork led 1-6 to 1-3 at the halfway mark and won by eleven points in the end, mostly due to Colette O'Mahony's accurate shooting: she scored ten points, nine of them frees.

1992 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1992 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was the high point of the 1992 season. The championship was won by Cork, who defeated Wexford by a 14-point margin in the final for their third successive success. The match drew an attendance of 4,000.
Quatre épices
Quatre épices  is a spice mix used mainly in French cuisine, but can also be found in some Middle Eastern kitchens. Its name is French for "four spices"; it is considered the French allspice. The spice mix contains ground pepper (white, black, or both), cloves, nutmeg and dried ginger. Some variations of the mix use allspice or cinnamon instead of pepper, or cinnamon instead of ginger.

The blend of spices will typically use a larger proportion of pepper (usually white pepper) than the other spices, but some recipes suggest using roughly equal parts of each spice.

In French cooking, it is typically used in soup, ragout and pot-cooked dishes, vegetable preparations and charcuterie, such as pâté, sausages and terrines.

Charcuterie
Charcuterie (/ʃɑːrˈkuːtəri/ ⓘ, shar-KOO-tər-ee, also US: /ʃɑːrˌkuːtəˈriː/ ⓘ, -⁠EE; French: [ʃaʁkyt(ə)ʁi] ⓘ; from chair, 'flesh', and cuit, 'cooked') is a branch of French cuisine devoted to prepared meat products, such as bacon, ham, sausage, terrines, galantines, ballotines, pâtés, and confit, primarily from pork.

Charcuterie is part of the garde manger chef's repertoire. In larger restaurants, a dedicated specialist known as a charcutier may prepare charcuterie instead of the garde manger. Originally intended as a way to preserve meat before the advent of refrigeration, meats are prepared today for their flavors derived from the preservation processes.
Léon-Adolphe Amette
Leon Adolphe Amette (French: [leɔ̃ adɔlf amɛt]; 6 September 1850 – 29 August 1920) was a French Catholic cardinal who was archbishop of Paris from 1908 to 1920.

He was made a cardinal in 1911 with the rank of Cardinal-Priest of S. Sabina. He participated in the 1914 papal conclave which elected Pope Benedict XV. He consecrated the Basilique du Sacré-Coeur in 1919.

Archdiocese of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: Archidioecesis Parisiensis; French: Archidiocèse de Paris) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on October 20, 1622. Before that date the bishops were suffragan to the archbishops of Sens.
Radlin, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Radlin [ˈradlʲin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górno, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is located approximately 6 km (4 mi) west of Górno and 10 km (6 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Górno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Górno [ˈɡurnɔ] is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Górno. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
Gary Woodland
Gary Lynn Woodland (born May 21, 1984) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He won the U.S. Open in 2019, his first major championship and sixth professional victory.  Following a successful college career, he turned professional in 2007 and briefly competed on the Nationwide Tour.

World Cup (men's golf)
The World Cup of Golf is a men's golf tournament contested by teams of two representing their country. Only one team is allowed from each country. The players are selected on the basis of the Official World Golf Ranking, although not all of the first choice players choose to compete. The equivalent event for women was the Women's World Cup of Golf, played from 2005 to 2008.
Christopher Cardozo
Christopher Cardozo (February 27, 1948 – February 21, 2021) was an American art collector, curator, photographer, author and publisher.

Cardozo’s Oaxaca series was first exhibited in 1971 at the Minneapolis Art Institution and later acquired by MOMA and other museums for their permanent collections.

He is known as an authority on the photography of Edward S. Curtis.  He has written and edited nine monographs on Edward Curtis and his photography. In the past forty years, Cardozo has exhibited around the world, focusing on his goal to bring Edward Curtis to the world.

Cardozo was the founder and Board Chair of the Edward S. Curtis Foundation, which is dedicated to preserving and exhibiting the work of Edward Curtis. He started collecting Curtis' photographs in the 1970s, and had a large personal collection of the photographer's work, which he exhibited in travelling displays and at his gallery, Christopher Cardozo Fine Art.

Edward S. Curtis
Edward Sheriff Curtis (February 19, 1868 – October 19, 1952; sometimes given as Edward Sherriff Curtis) was an American photographer and ethnologist whose work focused on the American West and Native American people. Sometimes referred to as the "Shadow Catcher", Curtis traveled the United States to document and record the dwindling ways of life of various native tribes through photographs and audio recordings.
Cahto language
Cahto (also spelled Kato) is an extinct Athabaskan language that was formerly spoken by the Kato people of the Laytonville and Branscomb area at the head of the South Fork of the Eel River. It is one of the four languages belonging to the California Athabaskan cluster of the Pacific Coast Athabaskan languages. Most Kato speakers were bilingual in Northern Pomo and some also spoke Yuki. It went extinct in the 1960s.

Northern Yukian language
Northern Yukian, also known as Ukomnoʼm, is an extinct language of California, formerly spoken by the Yuki people. The Yuki are the original inhabitants of the Eel River area and the Round Valley Reservation of northern California. Yuki ceased to be used as an everyday language in the early 20th century and its last native speaker, Arthur Anderson, died in 1983. Northern Yukian is generally thought to be distantly related to the Wappo language.

Revitalization efforts are currently underway, and the language is taught at the grade-school level (alongside Wailaki) at the Round Valley Reservation.
Galician Coalition
Galician Coalition (Galician: Coalición Galega, CG) is a political party in Galicia, Spain with a Galician nationalist and centrist ideology. Since 2012 CG is part of the coalition Compromiso por Galicia.

Socialists' Party of Galicia
The Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE; Galician: Partido dos Socialistas de Galicia, Spanish: Partido de los Socialistas de Galicia) is a centre-left political party in Galicia, Spain. It is the Galician affiliate of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). It defines itself as a Galicianist, social-democratic party.
Tropicarium Kolmården
Tropicarium Kolmården is a public aquarium and terrarium, situated outside Kolmården Wildlife Park (but run by a different management), close to Bråviken and 25 km (16 miles) from Norrköping town in Sweden. Kolmården Tropicarium is one of Sweden's largest tropical exhibitions with a covered area in excess of 2,000 m2 (22,000 ft2).

Blue-and-yellow macaw
The blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna), also known as the blue-and-gold macaw, is a large Neotropical parrot with a mostly blue dorsum, light yellow/orange venter, and gradient hues of green on top of its head. It is a member of the large group of neotropical parrots known as macaws. It inhabits forest (especially varzea, but also in open sections of terra firme or unflooded forest), woodland, and savannah of tropical Central and South America, as well as the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. They are popular in aviculture because of their striking color, ability to talk, ready availability in the marketplace, and close bonding to humans. It is the most commonly kept macaw species in captivity worldwide as a pet or companion parrot and is also the cheapest among the large macaws. As of 2025, there are 1 million blue and gold macaws living in captivity worldwide, one of the highest populations of any large parrot in captivity.
École nationale supérieure d'arts de Paris-Cergy
The École nationale supérieure d'arts de Paris Cergy is a National public school of art and design established in Cergy-Pontoise. It is one of the five National Art schools in France, run by the French Ministry of Culture (France). Recognized as France's second best graduate school of arts, it delivers the DNSEP, Master's degree of Fine Arts, as well as Post Masters. It presents itself as a "laboratory for contemporary art" around dance studios, film, sound, video, painting, photography, drawing, writing, and multimedia.

It runs its own art gallery, Ygrec, located in Paris

It runs exchange programs with La Cambre in Brussels; Central Saint Martins, London; Otis College of Art and Design, Los Angeles; Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Copenhagen, among others

Cergy-Pontoise
Cergy-Pontoise (French pronunciation: [sɛʁʒi pɔ̃twɑz]) is a new town and an agglomeration community in France, in the Val-d'Oise and Yvelines departments, northwest of Paris on the river Oise. It owes its name to two of the communes that it covers, Cergy and Pontoise. Its population is 206,654 (2017), in an area of 84.2 km2. Created in the 1970s, it became an agglomeration community in 2004.