hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Senna bicapsularis
Senna bicapsularis is a species of the legume genus Senna, native to northern South America, from Panama south to Venezuela and Colombia, and also the West Indies. Common names include rambling senna (formerly "cassia"), winter cassia, Christmas bush, money bush, and yellow candlewood. In Florida, Senna pendula is usually cultivated as, and misapplied to, S. bicapsularis.

Senna (plant)
Senna, the sennas, is a large genus of flowering plants in the legume family (Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, tribe Cassieae ). This diverse genus is native throughout the tropics, with a small number of species in temperate regions. The number of species is estimated to be from about 260 to 350. The type species for the genus is Senna alexandrina. About 50 species of Senna are known in cultivation.
Gurage Zone
Gurage is a zone in the Central Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. The region is home to the Gurage people. Gurage is bordered on the southeast by Hadiya and Yem Zone, on the northwest by Kebena Special Woreda, north and east by the Oromia Region, and on the southeast by Siltʼe. Its highest point is Mount Gurage. Wolkite is the largest city and administrative centre of the zone.

Central Ethiopia Regional State
The Central Ethiopia Regional State is a regional state in Ethiopia. It was formed from northern part of the then Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) on 19 August 2023. Its formation was effected when South Ethiopia Regional State was established after a successful referendum from the former SNNPR. The largest ethnic groups in the region are the Gurage and Hadiya, constituting 70 percent of the region's population, and the president hails from the Gurage people.

Hosaina is the seat to the executive branch of government, whereas Welkite is the seat to the legislative branch of government (the regional parliament). Other regional bureaus were established in Butajira, Durame, Halaba Kulito,  Saja and Worabe.
Himalayan Adventure Challenge
Himalayan Adventure Challenge is an adventure race held every year in India. It is considered an extreme sport because it is held on slopes of Himalayas range. Its a triathlon race which includes rafting, hiking  and mountain biking. It is an elite Obstacle course racing similar to Spartan Race which is considered toughest obstacle course race.

Spartan Race
Spartan Race is a series of obstacle races of varying difficulty, ranging from 3 miles to ultra-marathon distances of 50k+.

These races are held in the United States and have been franchised to 30 countries, including Canada, South Korea, Australia, the Philippines and several European countries. The series include the Spartan Sprint, the Spartan Super, the Spartan Beast, and the Spartan Ultra. Spartan Race has a military series that is hosted on military bases. In addition, unique events include winter races and team competitions.
Paweł Jan Sapieha
Paul John Sapieha (Lithuanian: Povilas Jonas Sapiega) (1609–1665) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic).

Sapieha became a Hussar Rotmistrz in 1633, courtier in 1635, Obozny of Lithuania in 1638, Podstoli of Lithuania in 1645, voivode of the Vitebsk Voivodeship in 1646, voivode of Vilnius and Grand Hetman of Lithuania in 1656.

He participated in the Battle of Berestechko against Cossacks in 1651. During The Deluge he dislodged the Swedish troops from Lublin, took part in the siege of Warsaw and captured Tykocin Castle in 1657. Together with Stefan Czarniecki, he defeated the Russian army at the Battle of Polonka in 1660.

He was a supporter of the vivente rege elections.

Voivode of Vilnius
The Voivode of Vilnius (Lithuanian: Vilniaus vaivada, Polish: wojewoda wileński) was a high-ranking officer in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania who governed the Vilnius Voivodeship from 1413. He was considered as the most influential member of the Lithuanian Council of Lords. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, the Voivodes of Vilnius (who were senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) were ranked as the fourth highest, while the Castellans of Vilnius were ranked as the sixth highest officers among the Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Third Partition of the Commonwealth, the Vilnius Voivodeship was annexed by the Russian Empire and this position was annulled.
2022 Harrow London Borough Council election
The 2022 Harrow London Borough Council election took place on 5 May 2022. All 55 members of Harrow London Borough Council were elected. The elections took place alongside local elections in the other London boroughs and elections to local authorities across the United Kingdom.

The 2022 election took place under new election boundaries, which reduced the number of councillors to 55. In the previous election in 2018, the Labour Party maintained its control of the council, winning 35 out of the 63 seats with the Conservative Party as the council opposition with the remaining 28 seats. However, in the 2022 elections, the Conservative Party won control from Labour with net gains of 8 seats to gain a total of 31 seats. This was the only council in London the Conservatives gained control of bucking the citywide trend with Labour gaining Barnet, Wandsworth and Westminster from the Conservatives.

2022 Wandsworth London Borough Council election
The 2022 Wandsworth London Borough Council elections took place on 5 May 2022.

All 58 members of Wandsworth London Borough Council were elected. The elections took place alongside local elections in the other London boroughs and elections to local authorities across the United Kingdom.

In the previous election in 2018, the Conservative Party maintained their longstanding control of the council, winning 33 out of the 60 seats with the Labour Party forming the principal opposition with 26 of the remaining 27 seats. The 2022 election took place under new election boundaries, which reduced the number of councillors to 58. Labour won control for the first time since 1978.
Kosmos 1348
Kosmos 1348 (Russian: Космос 1348 meaning Cosmos 1348) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1982 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1348 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 13:42 UTC on 7 April 1982. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1982-029A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 13124.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
Umdat al-Talib
Umdat al-Talib fi Ansabi Ale Abi Talib (Arabic: عُمْدَةُ ألطّالِب فی أنْسابِ آلِ أبی‌طالب, lit. 'The Seeker's Guide to the Genealogies of the Family of Abi Talib') is a genealogy book written by "Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Husayn al-Husayni", known as "Ibn Inabah" (died 828 AH‍–‍1425 AD/CE), a famous Shiite scholar and noble genealogist of the 9th century AH‍–‍15th century AD/CE.

This book deals with the genealogy of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib (the leader of Banu Hashim, a clan of the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula, he being the brother of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, the father of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad) and the descendants of Ali ibn Abi Talib (the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the first Shia Imam) in details.

Umar ibn Ali
Umar ibn Ali (Arabic: عمر بن علي), was one of the children of Ali ibn Abi Talib who accompanied his brother, Husayn ibn Ali, to Karbala and was killed on the day of Ashura. There is a disagreement about whether his name was Umar or Amr al-Asghar (Arabic: عمرو الأصغر). It is said that except for him, Ali had another son called Amr al-Akbar, whose mother was Umm Habib al-Sahba, and was not present in the event of Karbala.
Descending neuron
A descending neuron is a neuron that conveys signals from the brain to neural circuits in the spinal cord (vertebrates) or ventral nerve cord (invertebrates). As the sole conduits of information between the brain and the body, descending neurons play a key role in behavior. Their activity can initiate, maintain, modulate, and terminate behaviors such as locomotion. Because the number of descending neurons is several orders of magnitude smaller than the number of neurons in either the brain or spinal cord/ventral nerve cord, this class of cells represents a critical bottleneck in the flow of information from sensory systems to motor circuits.

Command neuron
A command neuron is an interneuron whose excitation is both necessary and sufficient to evoke a behavior.  These criteria are often tested by:

Recording the activity of the command neuron during stimulus presentation that triggers a given behavior.

Showing that the behavior cannot be evoked after removal of the command neuron (necessary).

Stimulation of the command neuron can elicit the behavior (sufficient).                                                                                                                        In some cases, a group of interneurons together form a command system while the individual members, known as command-like neurons, may not satisfy both the necessity and sufficiency criteria.
Nomad Digital
Nomad Digital is an Internet Protocol (IP) Connectivity provider to the transport sector. It deploys wireless broadband connections for trains, metros, trams and buses, including passenger Wi-Fi services and remote condition monitoring for on-board rail components. Headquartered in Newcastle upon Tyne in England, it operates globally.

Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).
Christopher G. Cavoli
Christopher Gerard Cavoli is a retired United States Army general who last served as the commander of United States European Command and Supreme Allied Commander Europe from 2022 to 2025. He previously served as the commanding general of United States Army Europe and Africa from 2020 to 2022, and before that as the commanding general of United States Army Europe from 2018 to 2020.

Commissioned into the infantry from the Reserve Officers' Training Corps, Cavoli served in the War in Afghanistan and commanded a brigade of the 1st Armored Division, the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command, and the 25th Infantry Division before assuming command of USAREUR in January 2018.

Commanding General, United States Army Europe and Africa
The commanding general of United States Army Europe and Africa (CG USAREUR-AF) was formerly known as the commander-in-chief of United States Army Europe (CINCUSAREUR).  Prior to 8 May 1945 the official title was Commander, European Theater of Operations, United States Army. From 1953 to 1967 the commanding general of USAREUR was "dual hatted" as commander of the Central Army Group of NATO forces in Germany.
Vigie
Vigie is part of Castries, Saint Lucia.

The French established a village at the base of Vigie Hill in 1745, and a military headquarters on Vigie Height.  Three forts were built, Choc Fort facing Choc Bay, Fort St. Victor at the entrance to Grand Carénage Bay (Castries Harbor), and Fort Montagu overlooking Petit Carénage Bay.

George F. L. Charles Airport, one of Saint Lucia's two airports, is located in this part, and Vigie Beach, as well as one of Saint Lucia's two lighthouses.

The Prime Minister's official residence and Saint Mary's College are also located in Vigie.

Castries
Castries (/kəˈstriːz/ ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Saint Lucia, an island country in the Caribbean. The urban area has a population of approximately 20,000, while the eponymous district has a population of just under 70,000, as of May 2013. The city covers 80 km2 (31 sq mi).

Castries is on a flood plain and is built on reclaimed land. It houses the seat of government and the head offices of many foreign and local businesses. The city is laid out in a grid pattern. Its sheltered harbour receives cargo vessels, ferries and cruise ships. It houses duty-free shopping facilities such as Point Seraphine and La Place Carenage.

Castries is the birthplace of Arthur Lewis, winner of the 1979 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, as well as of Derek Walcott, winner of the 1992 Nobel Prize for Literature.
International figure skating
Figure skating is a sport with participants across the world. Originally based in North America and Europe, the sport has experienced a major expansion in the countries of East Asia. The international governing body of the sport is the International Skating Union (ISU). Only those nations which are members of the International Skating Union are allowed to compete in the figure skating events in the Olympic Games.

1951 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.

The 1951 championships took place on February 23–25 in Milan, Italy. It was the first year after World War II that athletes from Germany and Japan were allowed to compete at Worlds.
Travoprost/timolol
Travoprost/timolol, sold under the brand name Duotrav among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of glaucoma. It contains travoprost and timolol maleate.

It was authorized for medical use in the European Union in April 2006.

Travoprost
Travoprost, sold under the brand name Travatan among others, is a medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye including glaucoma. Specifically it is used for open angle glaucoma when other agents are not sufficient. It is used as an eye drop. Effects generally occur within two hours.

Common side effects include red eyes, blurry vision, eye pain, dry eyes, and change in color of the eyes. Other significant side effects may include cataracts. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is generally not recommended. It is a prostaglandin analog and works by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.

Travoprost was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in 2001. It is available as a generic medication in the United Kingdom. In 2020, it was the 304th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
1964 LPGA Championship
The 1964 LPGA Championship was the tenth LPGA Championship, held October 1–4 at Stardust Country Club in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Mary Mills shot a final round 69 (−2) to win the first of her two LPGA Championships, two strokes ahead runner-up Mickey Wright, the defending champion and 54-hole leader. The total of 278  set a record for the championship which stood until 1978; it was the second of three career majors for Mills.

It was the fourth of six consecutive LPGA Championships at Stardust, which opened three years earlier. After several ownership and name changes, it became Las Vegas National Golf Club in 1998.

1978 LPGA Championship
The 1978 LPGA Championship was the 24th LPGA Championship, held June 8–11 at Jack Nicklaus Golf Center at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, a suburb northeast of Cincinnati.

Nancy Lopez, a 21-year-old tour rookie, won the first of her three major titles, all at the LPGA Championship at Kings Island. She finished at 275 (−13), six strokes ahead of runner-up Amy Alcott.

It was the sixth tour win for Lopez and her fourth consecutive in 1978, and she won the following week to run the streak to five.

This was the first of twelve consecutive LPGA Championships at Kings Island; the last one in 1989 was also won by Lopez.
Longchengornis
Longchengornis is a genus of enantiornithean birds which lived during the early Cretaceous Period, about 120 mya, and is known from a fossil found in the Jiufotang Formation in Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It contains the single species L. sanyanensis, though some researchers believe this to be a synonym of the similar species Cathayornis yandica.

Enantiornithes
The Enantiornithes, also known as enantiornithines or enantiornitheans in literature, are a group of extinct avialans ("birds" in the broad sense), the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era. Almost all retained teeth and clawed fingers on each wing, but otherwise looked much like modern birds externally. Over seventy species of Enantiornithes have been named, but some names represent only single bones, so it is likely that not all are valid. The Enantiornithes became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, along with Hesperornithes and all other non-avian dinosaurs.
Nachindi
Nachindi is a village in of Chakwal District of Punjab province in Pakistan.  It is part of the Union Council Jand Khanzada in Chakwal Tehsil.  The population of Nachindi is about 4249.  A large percentage of the population works for the Pakistan Army and other defence-related departments.

Chakwal Tehsil
Chakwal Tehsil  (Urdu: تحصِيل چکوال), is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Chakwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The tehsil is subdivided into 30 Union Councils - five of which form the capital Chakwal. During British rule the tehsil was part of Jhelum District. According to the 1901 census, the population was 160,316 compared to 164,912 in 1891. At the time the tehsil contained 248 villages.
Felice Romani
Giuseppe Felice Romani (31 January 1788 – 28 January 1865) was an Italian poet and scholar of literature and mythology who wrote many librettos for the opera composers Donizetti and Bellini. Romani was considered the finest Italian librettist between Metastasio and Boito.

Arrigo Boito
Arrigo Boito (Italian: [arˈriːɡo ˈbɔito]; born Enrico Giuseppe Giovanni Boito; 24 February 1842 –  10 June 1918) was an Italian librettist, composer, poet and critic whose only completed opera was Mefistofele. Among the operas for which he wrote the libretti are Giuseppe Verdi's monumental last two operas Otello and Falstaff as well as Amilcare Ponchielli's La Gioconda.

Along with Emilio Praga and his brother Camillo Boito, he is regarded as one of the prominent representatives of the Scapigliatura (Italian bohemian) artistic movement. He wrote essays under the anagrammatic pseudonym of Tobia Gorrio.
Puelche River
The Puelche River (Spanish: Río Puelche) is a natural water course that originates at the Pichi Trolón Pass, on the international border between Chile and Argentina of the Maule Region, and flows in a general west direction until it ends at the Maule River.

Argentina–Chile border
The Argentina–Chile border is the longest international border of South America and the third longest in the world after the Canada–United States border and the Kazakhstan–Russia border. With a length of 5,308 kilometres (3,298 mi), it separates Argentina from Chile along the Andes and on the islands of Tierra del Fuego. However, there are some border disputes, particularly around the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. It is the largest border of the two countries, beating the Argentina–Paraguay and Chile–Bolivia, Argentina's and Chile's second largest borders, respectively.

Many crossings along the border are also mountain passes along the continental divide. In the far south and far north the border follows straight lines between summits or along parallels or meridians.
Underground hip-hop
Underground hip-hop (also known as underground rap) is a scene and style of hip-hop music that is defined as being countercultural in nature, existing outside of and in contrast to the sounds, style and aesthetics of mainstream hip-hop. Despite this, underground artists have often reached widespread success and popularity through internet virality, critical acclaim, or appearances on the Billboard charts.

Originally associated with conscious, experimental and progressive rap, the term later shifted to refer to several trap-descendant internet rap scenes and music that emerged during the late 2000s and 2010s.

Cloud rap
Cloud rap (also known as trillwave) is a subgenre of hip-hop that emerged in the late 2000s to early 2010s, drawing influences from trap, ambient and new age music to create a hazy, dreamlike, atmospheric and relaxed production style through the extensive use of reverb and ethereal chopped samples. The subgenre was originally pioneered by artists and producers such as A$AP Rocky, Lil B, Clams Casino, Friendzone, Whitearmor, Main Attrakionz, Viper, Metro Zu, and SpaceGhostPurrp.
Miss Grand Malaysia 2025
Miss Grand Malaysia 2025 was the 10th edition of the Miss Grand Malaysia pageant, held on 30 July 2025, at the Galaxy Banquet Hall, HGH Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur. Eight contestants competed for the title.

The contest, which consisted of the traditional attire, sportswear, evening gown, and question-and-answer rounds, was won by Viviana Lin Winston of Sarawak, thereby qualifying her to represent Malaysia internationally at the Miss Grand International 2025 pageant, scheduled to take place on 18 October 2025 in Bangkok, Thailand.

The event was also attended by Miss Grand International 2024 CJ Opiaza of the Philippines and the vice president of Miss Grand International Teresa Chaivisut.

Miss Grand Malaysia
Miss Grand Malaysia is an annual female beauty pageant in Malaysia, aiming to select the country's representative for Miss Grand International, which is an annual international beauty pageant promoting World Peace and against all kinds of conflicts. During 2015 to 2021, the contest was run by Introducing Talent Sdn Bhd, under the leadership of Jude Benjamin Lisa. Since 2022, the franchise has belonged to the Singapore-based start-up HyperLive Entertainment.

Malaysia holds a record of 4 placements at Miss Grand International, which were obtained in 2016, 2020, 2021, and 2024. The highest achievement was fifth runner-up won by Melisha Lin of Selangor.

The current Miss Grand Malaysia is Viviana Lin Winston of Sarawak. She will represent her country at the Miss Grand International 2025 pageant to be held at Bangkok, Thailand.
George L. Bartlett
George Lewis Bartlett (October 13, 1924 – December 19, 2024) was a decorated officer in the United States Marine Corps who attained the rank of Brigadier General. A veteran of World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, he served 34 years on active duty, rising from an enlisted navigator-bombardier to the Director of the Facilities and Services Division, Installations and Logistics. Following his retirement in 1977, he served for ten years as the Executive Director of the Marine Corps Association. Bartlett died at age 100, having been one of the oldest living Marine Corps general officers.

Marine Air Control Squadron 1
Marine Air Control Squadron 1 (MACS-1) is a United States Marine Corps aviation command and control squadron. The squadron provides aerial surveillance, air traffic control, ground-controlled intercept, and aviation data-link connectivity for the I Marine Expeditionary Force. It was the first air warning squadron commissioned as part of the Marine Corps' new air warning program and is the second oldest aviation command and control unit in the Marine Corps.  The squadron is based at Marine Corps Air Station Yuma and falls under Marine Air Control Group 38 and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.