hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palaeophyllites
Palaeophyllites is a genus of ammonoids from the Lower Triassic and a contemporary of the related ussuritid Eophyllites.

The shell of Palaeophyllites is evolute,  inner whorls generally smooth, outer whorl with irregular ribs. Sutures are basically ceratitic with digitate lobes and simple rounded monophyllic saddles. Paleophyllites differs from contemporary Eophyllites in having ribs on the outer part of the terminal whorl and lobes that are more quadrate in outline.

Like Eophyllites, Palaeophyllites is ancestral to genera like Ussurites and Monophyllites.

Ussurites
Ussurites is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod genus belonging to the suborder Phylloceratina and is included in the family Ussuritidae.  Its range is restricted to the early Middle Triassic, (Anisian)

As with the family, the shell of Ussurites is discoidal, evolute, and generally smooth. The suture is phyletic with divided lobes and simple, rounded, elongate saddles.  The ventral lobe is bifurcated, the two branches sharply serrated. The two lateral lobes are asymmetrically trifurcated, sections sharply pointed. The first lateral saddle (closest to the venter) is fairly evenly rounded, the second and third are narrower and asymmetric, leaning away from the venter and toward the umbilicus.

Monophyllites, which extends through the Middle Triassic into the Carnian is similar, differing in the details of the suture.
Random walk hypothesis
The random walk hypothesis is a financial theory which states that the prices of financial assets, particularly those in the stock market, follow a random walk. According to this hypothesis, price variations occur in an essentially random manner, which implies that they cannot be systematically predicted or consistently exploited to achieve returns above those of the overall market.

Asset pricing
In financial economics, asset pricing refers to the formal development of the  principles used in pricing, together with the resultant models. The treatment inheres the interrelated paradigms of general equilibrium asset pricing and rational asset pricing, the latter corresponding to risk neutral pricing.

Investment theory, which is near synonymous, encompasses the body of knowledge used to support the decision-making process of choosing investments, and the asset pricing models are then applied in determining the asset-specific required rate of return on the investment in question, and for hedging.
ISO 3166-2:BT
ISO 3166-2:BT is the entry for Bhutan in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Bhutan, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 20 districts.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is BT, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Bhutan. The second part is two digits, except Gasa and Trashi Yangtse, which use two letters instead. The first digit indicates the zone where the district is in:

1: Western

2: Central (Gasa is also in this zone)

3: Southern

4: Eastern (Trashi Yangtse is also in this zone)

Gasa District
Gasa District (Dzongkha: དགའ་ས་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: dgav-sa rdzong-khag, also མགར་ས་རྫོང་ཁག།) is one of the 20 dzongkhags (districts) comprising Bhutan. The capital of Gasa District is Gasa Dzong near Gasa. It is located in the far north of the county and spans the Middle and High regions of the Tibetan Himalayas. The dominant language of the district is Dzongkha, which is the national language. Related languages, Layakha and Lunanakha, are spoken by semi-nomadic communities in the north of the district. The People's Republic of China claims the northern part of Gasa District.

Gasa has an area of 3,117.74 km2 (1,203.77 sq mi) as of 2010,
formerly 4,409.30 km2 (1,702.44 sq mi) as of 2002. It had a population of 3,116 as of the 2005 census, making it the largest, least populated, and thus least densely populated of all the dzongkhags; it is also the least developed district of Bhutan.
Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching
Ancient Greek has been pronounced in various ways by those studying Ancient Greek literature in various times and places. This article covers those pronunciations; the modern scholarly reconstruction of its ancient pronunciation is covered in Ancient Greek phonology.

Rough breathing
In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the  rough breathing (Ancient Greek: δασὺ πνεῦμα, romanized: dasỳ pneûma or δασεῖα daseîa;  Latin: spiritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an /h/ sound before a vowel, diphthong, or after rho. It remained in the polytonic orthography even after the Hellenistic period, when the sound disappeared from the Greek language. In the monotonic orthography of Modern Greek phonology, in use since 1982, it is not used at all.

The absence of an /h/ sound is marked by the smooth breathing.

The character, or those with similar shape such as U+02BB ʻ MODIFIER LETTER TURNED COMMA, have also been used for a similar sound by Thomas Wade (and others) in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese. Herbert Giles and others have used a left (opening) curved single quotation mark for the same purpose; the apostrophe, backtick, and visually similar characters are often seen as well.
The Mark (novel)
The Mark: The Beast Rules the World is the eighth book in the Left Behind series. It was published in November 2000 by Tyndale House. It was on The New York Times Best Seller list for 32 weeks. It takes place 42 months into the Tribulation and 3–25 days into the Great Tribulation.

Number of the beast
The number of the beast (Koine Greek: Ἀριθμὸς τοῦ θηρίου, Arithmós toû thēríou) is associated with the Beast of Revelation in chapter 13, verse 18 of the Book of Revelation. In most manuscripts of the New Testament and in English translations of the Bible, the number of the beast is six hundred sixty-six (666) or χξϛ (in Greek numerals, χ represents 600, ξ represents 60 and ϛ represents 6). Papyrus 115 (which is the oldest preserved manuscript of the Revelation as of 2017), as well as other ancient sources like Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, give the number of the beast as χιϛ or χιϲ, transliterable in Arabic numerals as 616 (χιϛ), not 666; critical editions of the Greek text, such as the Novum Testamentum Graece, note χιϛ/616 as a variant. There is a broad consensus in contemporary scholarship that the number of the beast is linked by gematria to the typology of Roman Emperor Nero, an infamous persecutor of Christians.
1886 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1886 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1886.

Republican nominee Jeremiah McLain Rusk defeated Democratic nominee Gilbert M. Woodward, Union Labor Party nominee John Cochrane, and Prohibition nominee John Myers Olin with 46.53% of the vote.

La Crosse County, Wisconsin
La Crosse County (/ləˈkrɒs/ ⓘ lə-KROSS) is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. At the 2020 census, the county's population was 120,784. Its county seat is the city of La Crosse. La Crosse County is included in the La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area with a population of 170,341 and is the most populous county on Wisconsin's western border.
English brewery cask units
Capacities of brewery casks were formerly measured and standardised according to a specific system of English units, which was originally based on the ale gallon of exactly 282 cubic inches (4.621152048 L) (or exactly ⁠1+17/77⁠ US gallons).

With the adoption of the imperial system in the United Kingdom and its colonies in 1824, these units were redefined in terms of the slightly smaller imperial gallon (of exactly 4.54609 L; 1.20095 US gal): the older units continued in use in the United States.

Historically, the terms beer and ale referred to distinct brews. From the mid-15th century until 1803 in Britain, "ale" casks and "beer" casks differed in the number of gallons they contained.

Cubic inch
The cubic inch (symbol in3) is a unit of volume in the Imperial units and United States customary units systems. It is the volume of a cube with each of its three dimensions (length, width, and height) being one inch long which is equivalent to ⁠1/231⁠ of a US gallon.

The cubic inch and the cubic foot are used as units of volume in the United States, although the common SI units of volume, the liter, milliliter, and cubic meter, are also used, especially in manufacturing and high technology. One cubic inch is exactly 16.387064 mL.

One cubic foot is equal to exactly 1,728 cubic inches (28.316846592 L), as 123 = 1728.
John Gibson (priest)
John Gibson  was  an English priest in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Gibson educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, graduating BA in 1570: he was a Fellow there from 1571 to 1583.  He was appointed a Canon of York in 1571 and  Precentor in 1574. In Le Neve-Hardy he is erroneously recorded as being the Archdeacon of the East Riding. He died on 28 February 1613.

Archdeacon of the East Riding
The Archdeacon of the East Riding is a senior ecclesiastical officer of an archdeaconry, or subdivision, of the Church of England Diocese of York in the Province of York. It is named for the East Riding of Yorkshire and consists of the eight rural deaneries of Beverley, Bridlington, Harthill, Howden, Hull, North Holderness, Scarborough and South Holderness.
Kumage Subprefecture
Kumage Subprefecture (熊毛支庁, Kumage-shichō) is a subprefecture of Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The subprefectural office is located in Nishinoomote.

It includes the following cities and towns on the Ōsumi Islands:

Kumage Subprefecture
Nishinoomote (city on Tanegashima and Mageshima)
Nakatane (town on Tanegashima)
Minamitane (town on Tanegashima)

Yakushima Office
Yakushima (town on Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima)

Minamitane, Kagoshima
Minamitane (南種子町, Minamitane-chō) is a town located on the island of Tanegashima, in Kumage District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, the town had an estimated population of 5,249 in 2893 households, and a  population density of 48 persons per km2.  The total area of the town is 109.94 km2 (42.45 sq mi). The main spaceport of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is located at the Tanegashima Space Center in Minamitane.
Muzz Murray
Hugh Washington "Muzz" Murray (October 1, 1891 in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan – February 13, 1961) was an American professional ice hockey defenseman. Murray played professionally in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and Western Canada Hockey League for the Seattle Metropolitans and Calgary Tigers. He was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1987.

United States Hockey Hall of Fame
The United States Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1973 with the goal of preserving the history of ice hockey in the United States while recognizing the extraordinary contributions of select players, coaches, administrators, officials and teams. It is located in Eveleth, Minnesota, an iron mining town in northern Minnesota.
1981 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1981 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 5 March 1981 for the six of the 12 elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. Only about 6,195 of the 34,381 voters, cast their ballots in the election, accounting for 18 per cent turnout rate, breaking the record as the lowest turnout rate in history until the 1989 Urban & Regional Council elections.

It was the last Urban Council election with the limited franchise. Before the election, the government announced a major reform of the Urban Council to expand electorate to all Hong Kong permanent residents over 21 in the next year in 1983, which made the term of the elected members in this election only two years.

1983 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1983 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 8 March 1983 for the elected seats of the Urban Council. It marked the centenary of the establishment of the Urban Council and the largely reformed electoral methods with the creation of the district-based constituencies and massive expansion of the electorate.
Mares (scuba equipment)
Mares is a manufacturer of scuba equipment. Founded in 1949 by Ludovico Mares in Rapallo, Italy, the company initially made diving masks and spearguns. It has since expanded to become one of the largest scuba manufacturers, having merged with US manufacturer Dacor.

Rapallo
Rapallo (US: /rəˈpɑːloʊ/ rə-PAH-loh, Italian: [raˈpallo], Ligurian: [ɾaˈpalːu]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa, in the region of Liguria in Italy. As of 2025, with a population 29,513, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in the metropolitan city.

It lies on the Ligurian Sea coast, on the Tigullio Gulf, between Portofino and Chiavari, 25 kilometers east-south east of Genoa itself.

The Parco Naturale Regionale di Portofino, encompassing the territory of six Ligurian communes, includes the Rapallo area.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee was held on November 8, 2016, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the state of Tennessee, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including President of the United States. The primaries were held on August 4.

Following the 2016 elections, no seats changed hands, leaving the Tennessee delegation at a 7-2 Republican majority.

Jimmy Duncan (politician)
John James Duncan Jr. (born July 21, 1947) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Tennessee's 2nd congressional district from 1988 to 2019. An attorney, former Criminal Court judge, and former long serving member of the Army National Guard, published author and newspaper columnist. He is a member of the Republican Party.
Rawdat Al Jahhaniya
Rawdat Al Jahhaniya, also known as Al Riffa (Arabic: روضة الجهانية, romanized: Rawḑat al Jahānīyah) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan. It is accessible through Dukhan Highway by road and Al Riffa station by rail. The district is one of the areas in Qatar which allows freehold ownership by foreigners.

It is bordered to the east by the districts of Al Seej, Al Themaid, and Rawdat Egdaim, to the north by Jeryan Al Saham, to the west and north-west by Jery Al Dabi, and to the south by Umm Al Jawashen. The Mall of Qatar is located here.

Al Seej
Al Seej (Arabic: السيج, romanized: As Sīq; also spelled Al Seeq) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of Zone 51 which has a population of 56,027 and also includes Izghawa, Gharrafat Al Rayyan, Al Gharrafa, Rawdat Egdaim, Bani Hajer and Al Themaid.

It borders Bani Hajer to the east, Al Wajbah to the south, Rawdat Al Jahanniya to the west, and Rawdat Egdaim to the north.
Methanococcus maripaludis
Methanococcus maripaludis is a species of methanogenic archaea found in marine environments, predominantly salt marshes. M. maripaludis is a non-pathogenic, gram-negative, weakly motile, non-spore-forming, and strictly anaerobic mesophile. It is classified as a chemolithoautotroph. This archaeon has a pleomorphic coccoid-rod shape of 1.2 by 1.6 μm, in average size, and has many unique metabolic processes that aid in survival. M. maripaludis also has a sequenced genome consisting of around 1.7 Mbp with over 1,700 identified protein-coding genes. In ideal conditions, M. maripaludis grows quickly and can double every two hours.

Signal peptide
A signal  peptide (sometimes referred to as signal sequence, targeting signal, localization signal, localization sequence, transit peptide, leader sequence or leader peptide) is a short peptide (usually 16–30 amino acids long) present at the N-terminus (or occasionally nonclassically at the C-terminus or internally) of most newly synthesized proteins that are destined toward the secretory pathway.
These proteins include those that reside either inside certain organelles (the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi or endosomes), secreted from the cell, or inserted into most cellular membranes. Although most type I membrane-bound proteins have signal peptides, most type II and multi-spanning membrane-bound proteins are targeted to the secretory pathway by their first transmembrane domain, which biochemically resembles a signal sequence except that it is not cleaved. They are a kind of target peptide.
Human Hibachi
Human Hibachi is a 2019 American found footage horror film, written and directed by Mario Cerrito. It was selected by the New Jersey Horror Con and Film Festival and Philadelphia Independent Film Festival. The movie went on to win 2021 best feature film at the New Jersey Horror Con and Film Festival. The film has garnered a cult following and has been referred to as a modern day cult classic.

New Jersey Horror Con and Film Festival
New Jersey Horror Con and Film Festival is a semi-annual horror film and memorabilia fan convention held in Atlantic City, New Jersey and Edison, New Jersey, United States since 2017. It focuses on guest panels, where fans can meet celebrity actors from the horror genre. It is a three-day event over the course of a weekend that features a film festival and table displays full of memorabilia and art. It runs from 5 PM Friday evening until 5 PM Sunday.
Italian irredentism in Istria
The Italian irredentism in Istria was the political movement supporting the unification to Italy, during the 19th and 20th centuries, of the peninsula of Istria. It is considered closely related to the Italian irredentism in Trieste and Rijeka (Fiume), two cities bordering the peninsula.

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
Leif Longum
Leif Longum (19 November 1927 – 5 May 1997) was a Norwegian essayist and literary researcher. He was born in Oslo. He was assigned to the Nansen Academy from 1960 to 1972, and the University of Bergen from 1972 to 1995; from 1992 as a professor. He published the textbook Å lese skuespill in 1976.  His principal work is an analysis of the "cultural radicalism" in Norway in the interwar years, with particular focus on the troika Sigurd Hoel, Helge Krog and Arnulf Øverland. He published the essay collection Å krysse sine spor in 1995, while the collection På fallrepet was published posthumously in 1998.

Arnulf Øverland
Ole Peter Arnulf Øverland (27 April 1889 – 25 March 1968) was a Norwegian poet and artist. He is principally known for his poetry which served to inspire the Norwegian resistance movement during the German occupation of Norway during World War II.
Andrew Hardin
Andrew Hardin (born in 1955 near Baltimore, Maryland) is an American guitarist and record producer. Andrew's guitar style has been influenced by Roy Buchanan, Clarence White, Ry Cooder, Gabby Pahinui, and Grady Martin, with shades of blues, rock, R&B, country, tropical, and Spanish music.

Roy Buchanan
Leroy "Roy" Buchanan (September 23, 1939 – August 14, 1988) was an American guitarist and blues rock musician. A pioneer of the "Telecaster sound", Buchanan worked as a sideman and as a solo artist, with two gold albums early in his career and two later solo albums that made it to the Billboard chart. He never achieved stardom, but is considered a highly influential guitar player. Guitar Player praised him as having one of the "50 Greatest Tones of All Time". He appeared on the PBS music program Austin City Limits in 1977 (season 2).
William Bennett (cricketer)
William Antony Burlton Bennett (25 November 1807 – 20 February 1886) was an English cricketer who played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) between 1832 and 1845 and once for Kent County Cricket Club in 1844. Bennett played twelve matches in all following his debut for The Bs at Lord's in 1831 against an England team. He was born in Calcutta, India, and died in Westminster.

Rest of England cricket teams
In English cricket since the first half of the 18th century, various ad hoc teams have been formed for short-term purposes which have been called England (i.e., in the sense of "the rest of England") to play against, say, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) or an individual county team. The key factor is that they were non-international and there is a significant difference between them and the official England cricket team which takes part in international fixtures. Conceptually, there is evidence of this sort of team being formed, or at least mooted, since the 1730s. They have always been "occasional elevens" but, nevertheless, have invariably been strong sides. A typical example would be a selection consisting of leading players drawn from several county teams.
Danny van Trijp
Danny van Trijp (born 24 December 1996) is a Dutch darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He has won three titles on the PDC Challenge Tour and made his PDC World Darts Championship debut at the 2023 event.

PDC Pro Tour
The PDC Pro Tour is a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Since 2019, the Pro Tour has comprised Players Championships and European Tour events; UK Open Qualifiers were previously a part of the tour until they were discontinued. Pro Tour events mainly consist of professional darts players who hold a PDC Tour Card, with the exception of amateur call-ups and European Tour regional qualifiers. Prize money won in these events counts towards players' ranking on the PDC Order of Merit, the main world ranking system used by the PDC. It also counts towards the PDC Pro Tour Order of Merit and separate European Tour and Players Championship rankings.
Women in music
Women in music have occupied many roles in the art over the centuries and have been responsible for a multitude of contributions, shaping movements, genres, and trends as singers, songwriters, composers, instrumental performers, and educators, and in behind-the-scenes roles. At the same time, however, many roles in music have been closed to or not encouraged for women. There has been growing awareness of this since perhaps the 1960s, and doors have been opening.

Women's music refers to music created by and directed towards women. It may explore political and social topics, influencing and impacting creativity, activism, and culture.

SNH48
SNH48 is a Chinese idol girl group based in Shanghai, China. Following AKB48's creator Yasushi Akimoto's concept of "idols you can meet", the group features over 200 female members around the age of 20 (13 to 30) across SNH48 and all its sister groups including GNZ48, BEJ48, CKG48, CGT48 and IDOLS Ft, who perform regularly in the group's own theater and interact with fans predominantly via the official Pocket48/口袋48 App online and offline via theater and handshake events. The group is owned by Chinese companies NineStyle and Star48, commonly known as SIBA. Established in 2012, it parted ways with AKB48's groups in June 2016.