hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008–09 UEFA Cup first round
The first round of the 2008–09 UEFA Cup was played from 16 September to 2 October 2008, which narrowed clubs down to 40 teams in preparation for the group stage.

Times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA.

2008–09 UEFA Cup
The 2008–09 UEFA Cup was the 38th season of the UEFA Cup football tournament. The final was played at the Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium, home ground of Fenerbahçe, in Istanbul on 20 May 2009. It was the last season to use the UEFA Cup format; starting in 2009, the competition was known as the UEFA Europa League. Ukraine's Shakhtar Donetsk defeat Werder Bremen 2–1 after extra time to win their first European title. Zenit Saint Petersburg the defending champions, were eliminated by Udinese in the Round of 16.
PGM-19 Jupiter
The PGM-19 Jupiter was the first nuclear armed, medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) of the United States Air Force (USAF). It was a liquid-propellant rocket using RP-1 fuel and LOX oxidizer, with a single Rocketdyne LR79-NA (model S-3D) rocket engine producing 150,000 lbf (670 kN) of thrust. It was armed with the 1.44 Mt (6.0 PJ) W49 nuclear warhead. The prime contractor was the Chrysler Corporation.

The Jupiter was originally designed by the US Army, which was looking for a highly accurate missile designed to strike enemy states such as China and the Soviet Union. The US Navy also expressed an interest in the design as an SLBM but left the collaboration to work on their solid-fuel Polaris. Jupiter retained the short, squat shape intended to fit in submarines.

Italian Air Force
The Italian Air Force (Italian: Aeronautica Militare; AM, lit. 'military aeronautics') is the air force of the Italian Republic. The Italian Air Force was founded as an independent service arm on 28 March 1923 by King Victor Emmanuel III as the Regia Aeronautica ("Royal Air Force"). After World War II, when Italy became a republic following a referendum, the Regia Aeronautica was given its current name. Since its formation, the service has held a prominent role in modern Italian military history. The acrobatic display team is the Frecce Tricolori.
Invicta International Airlines
Invicta International Airlines Ltd was a charter airline with its head office on the grounds of Manston Airport in the United Kingdom. It operated non-scheduled passenger and freight services between 1965 and 1982.

Lloyd International Airways
Lloyd International Airways Ltd was a private, British independent airline formed in 1961 to operate worldwide charter flights. It commenced operations with a single Douglas DC-4 piston airliner from Cambridge Marshall Airport. Lloyd International concentrated on passenger and cargo charters with four-engined, long-range aircraft. It also had links in Hong Kong since its inception and flew to the Far East regularly. During the mid-1960s, the airline began re-equipping its fleet with Bristol Britannia and Canadair CL-44 turboprops, all of which featured large cargo doors and palletised freight systems. Long-range Boeing 707 jets joined the Lloyd International fleet during the early 1970s for use on affinity group passenger and freight charters to North America and the Far East. Lloyd International ceased operations in June 1972.
Bigg Boss Kannada season 12
Bigg Boss Kannada 12  is a reality show and the twelfth season of the Indian Kannada-language reality television series Bigg Boss produced by Banijay. The show began on 28 September 2025, on Colors Kannada and JioHotstar, with Kichcha Sudeep as a host for the twelfth time in a row. The premiere episode started with a real-time viewers' voting of deciding the entrance of housemates either as solo ("onti") or as duo ("janti") contestants pitted against each other.

The show was suspended on 8 October 2025, due to environmental issues, and the contestants were sent outside the house for a few hours. On 9 October,  the show resumed and the contestants were sent back inside the Bigg Boss house.

This season was won by Gilli Nata (Nataraj) who has received the honourable BBK 12 trophy. Rakshitha Shetty was the runner up and Ashwini Gowda won the 3rd prize.

Muddulakshmi
Muddulakshmi is an Indian Kannada-language television drama series that aired on Star Suvarna. It premiered on 22 January 2018. It is an official remake of Asianet's Malayalam TV series Karuthamuthu. On 24 January 2022, it started a new season and rebranded as Muddumanigalu, which ended on 20 May 2023. From 22 May 2023, it started new season and rebranded as O Muddumanase.
Garment collars in hanfu
Garment collars in hanfu are diverse and come in several shapes, including jiaoling (cross-collars, overlapping collars at the front which closed on the right or left sides), duijin, yuanling, liling, fangling, tanling. Some forms of collars were indigenous to China while others had been adopted from the Hufu of other non-Han Chinese ethnic minorities and/or from the clothing worn by foreigners.

Beizi
Beizi (Chinese: 褙子; pinyin: bèizi), also known as beizi (Chinese: 背子; pinyin: bēizi) and chuozi (Chinese: 綽子; pinyin: chuòzi), is traditional Chinese attire commonly worn by both men and women; it is typically a large loose outer coat with loose and long sleeves. The beizi originated in the Song dynasty. It was most popular during the Song dynasty, Ming dynasty, and from the early Qing to the Mid-Qing dynasty. In the Ming dynasty, the beizi was called pī fēng (披風). When worn by men, it is sometimes referred as changyi (氅衣), hèchǎng (鹤氅; 'crane cloak'), or dachang (大氅) when it features large sleeves and knotted ties at the front as a garment closure.
Beastieball
Beastieball is a monster-taming sports video game developed by Wishes Unlimited and published by Klei Entertainment. The player controls a coach who explores the world to find "Beasties" to recruit into their Beastieball team (a variant of volleyball played by Beasties) in order to compete in a tournament. The game was made available for Windows in early access on November 12, 2024.

Monster-taming game
A monster-taming game (also known as a monster-catching, creature collector game or mon, and sometimes as a Pokémon clone) is a subgenre of role-playing video games. The Pokémon series is one of the most noticeable games in the genre.

Monster-taming games share core mechanics such as being able to acquire creatures, train them, and use them to aid the player character in battles and other situations. Though some games have the player character support the creatures in battle with items (Pokémon, Mega Man Battle Network), some have the player partake in the fighting as well (Shin Megami Tensei/Persona, Spectrobes).

While Pokémon is the most recognizable example worldwide, elements of the genre have been present throughout gaming history. Early examples include the original Megami Tensei and Dragon Quest V, though Pokémon was the first example to solely focus on the "monster" aspect of the genre.
Valdres FK
Valdres Fotballklubb is a Norwegian football club based in Fagernes, Valdres. The men's team currently plays in the Fifth Division, the sixth tier of the Norwegian football league system; whereas the women's team currently plays in the Third Division.

Valdres
Valdres (pronounced [ˈʋɑ̀ɫdrɛs]) is a traditional district in central, southern Norway, situated between the districts of Gudbrandsdalen and Hallingdal. The region of Valdres consists of the six municipalities of Nord-Aurdal, Sør-Aurdal, Øystre Slidre, Vestre Slidre, Vang, and Etnedal. Valdres has about 18,000 inhabitants and is known for its excellent trout fishing and the local dialect. Its main road is E16 and Fylkesveg 51.

Valdres is located approximately midway between Oslo and Bergen . The valley is protected to the west and north by the Jotunheimen mountains and the Valdresflye plateau and to the south by the Golsfjellet mountains in Gol Municipality. The main rivers are Begna and Etna. Historically, Valdres has had an agricultural economy, but tourism has grown in prominence in later years. Beitostølen, a highly developed tourist area for winter tourists and who have hosted FIS Cross-Country World Cup multiple times is located in Valdres.
Variations of golf
Variations of golf include methods of scoring, starting procedures, playing formats, golf games, and activities based on or similar to the sport of golf which involve golf-like skills or goals.

Some variations are essentially identical to golf, but with only minor differences or focusing on a specific aspect of the game, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games.  Many of these variations are played in non-professional settings, without the presence of officials and sometimes without strict adherence to any official rules.  Sometimes the rules are in place to provide a structure for side-betting that is independent of the final "traditional" score.

Clock golf
Clock golf is a game based on golf, originating in the mid-19th century. Players putt a golf ball from each in turn of 12 numbered points arranged in a circle as in a clock face, to a single hole placed within the circle. Alternative names include clock-golf, round the clock golf, and golf around the clock.

Jaques of London's description suggests that clock golf can be played wherever there is space for "an approximate circle of 10–30ft in diameter", and that shrubs and other obstacles can add to the interest. The hole is not placed centrally, so the 12 "holes" of the game can be of different lengths. A writer in Landscape Architecture Magazine, 1926, suggests it needs a 20-24ft circle, and lists it among "the lawn sports now commonly played."

SHAPE America offered a set of instructions for "Golf Around the Clock" as a "lead-up game" that was useful as a preliminary for golf learners.
1997 Hockey East men's ice hockey tournament
The 1997 Hockey East Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 13th tournament in the history of the conference. It was played between March 6 and March 15, 1997. Quarterfinal games were played at home team campus sites, while the final four games were played at the Fleet Center in Boston, Massachusetts, the home venue of the NHL's Boston Bruins. By winning the tournament, Boston University received the Hockey East's automatic bid to the 1997 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Hockey East men's ice hockey tournament
The Hockey East Men's Tournament is the conference tournament for the men's division of the Hockey East, an NCAA Division I men's ice hockey conference that has operated since 1984. The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth into the NCAA Tournament and the Lamoriello Trophy.
Gunstock River
The Gunstock River is a 6.4-mile-long (10.3 km) river in the Lakes Region of central New Hampshire in the United States.  It is a tributary of Lake Winnipesaukee, part of the Merrimack River watershed.

The Gunstock River is entirely within the town of Gilford. It rises in the southern part of town, west of Piper Mountain, and flows north, collecting streamflow from the west side of the Belknap Range. The river flows through a wide valley in the center of Gilford, passing the town's middle and high schools, then drops through a steep ravine before reaching flat ground near Lake Winnipesaukee. The river enters the lake at Sanders Bay, near the junction of Routes 11 and 11B.

Merrimack River
The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an occasional earlier spelling) is a 117-mile-long (188 km) river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport. From Pawtucket Falls in Lowell, Massachusetts, onward, the Massachusetts–New Hampshire border is roughly calculated as the line three miles north of the river.

The Merrimack is an important regional focus in both New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The central-southern part of New Hampshire and most of northeast Massachusetts is known as the Merrimack Valley.

Several U.S. naval ships have been named USS Merrimack and USS Merrimac in honor of this river. The river is also known for the early American literary classic A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by Henry David Thoreau.
Colin Callender
Sir Colin Nigel Callender CBE (born May 1952) is a British television, film and theater producer. He is the former President of HBO Films and Founder/Chairman of Playground Entertainment, a production company based in New York and London.

Callender played a key role in shaping the British independent production sector during the birth of Channel Four. He was also responsible for HBO’s unprecedented commercial and critical success, setting new benchmarks for quality film and television production.

The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (1982 film)
The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby is a nine-hour adaptation of the novel by Charles Dickens. It is a recording of the stage play  by The Royal Shakespeare Company at The Old Vic in London. It was Channel 4's first major drama commission.
DCI-P3
DCI-P3 is an RGB color space defined in 2005 as part of the Digital Cinema Initiative, for use in theatrical digital motion picture distribution (DCDM). Display P3 is a variant developed by Apple Inc. for wide-gamut displays.

Tone reproduction
In the theory of photography, tone reproduction is the mapping of scene luminance and color to print reflectance or display luminance, with the aim of subjectively "properly" reproducing brightness and "brightness differences".

The reproduction of color scenes in black-and-white tones is one of the long-time concerns of photographers.

A tone reproduction curve is often referred to by its initials, TRC, and the 'R' is sometimes said to stand for response, as in tone response curve.
2017 Stanford Cardinal football team
The 2017 Stanford Cardinal football team represented Stanford University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cardinal were led by seventh-year head coach David Shaw. They played their home games at Stanford Stadium and were members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 9–5, 7–2 in Pac-12 play to win a share of the North Division title with Washington. Due to their head-to-head win over Washington, they represented the North Division in the Pac-12 Championship Game where they lost to USC. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they lost to TCU.

2017 Pac-12 Football Championship Game
The 2017 Pac-12 Football Championship Game was played on December 1, 2017 at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California to determine the champion of the Pac-12 Conference in football for the 2017 season. It was the seventh football championship game in Pac-12 Conference history. The game featured the South Division champion USC Trojans against the North Division co-champion Stanford Cardinal, a rematch of the 2015 championship and the first rematch in the game's history. USC defeated Stanford by a score of 31–28, becoming the first South Division member to win the Pac-12 Championship Game.

The game was televised nationally by ESPN.
Brehon
Brehon (Irish: breitheamh, pronounced [ˈbʲɾʲɛhəw]) is a term for a historical arbitration, mediative, and judicial role in Gaelic culture. Brehons were part of the system of Early Irish law, which was also simply called "Brehon law". Brehons were judges, close in importance to the chiefs.

Irish bardic poetry
Bardic poetry is the writings produced by a class of poets trained in the bardic schools of Ireland and the Gaelic parts of Scotland, as they existed down to about the middle of the 17th century or, in Scotland, the early 18th century. Most of the texts preserved are in Middle Irish or in early Modern Irish, however, even though the manuscripts were very plentiful, very few have been published. It is considered a period of great literary stability due to the formalised literary language that changed very little.
Edmonton Griesbach
Edmonton Griesbach is a federal electoral district in Alberta.
Edmonton Griesbach was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, scheduled for 19 October 2015. It was created out of parts of the electoral districts of Edmonton East and Edmonton—St. Albert. The riding name refers to Griesbach, Edmonton.

Edmonton East
Edmonton East (formerly known as Edmonton Centre-East) was a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 2015.

The district included a portion of the city of Edmonton.
BD+
BD+ is a component of the Blu-ray digital rights management system designed to prevent unauthorized copying or playback of Blu-ray discs.

BD+ was developed by Cryptography Research Inc. (CRI) and is based on their Self-Protecting Digital Content (SPDC) concept. BD+ was adopted by the Blu-ray Disc Association for protecting Blu-ray discs.

While BD+ has not stemmed the flow of "cracked" high-definition content, it has made it necessary for those who wish to copy Blu-ray movies to reinvest resources to break each new version of security code.

BD+ played a pivotal role in the format war of Blu-ray and HD DVD. Several studios cited Blu-ray Disc's adoption of the BD+ anti-copying system as the reason they supported Blu-ray Disc over HD DVD. The copy protection scheme was to take "10 years" to crack, according to Richard Doherty, an analyst with Envisioneering Group.

Blu-ray Disc Association
Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA) is the industry consortium that develops and licenses Blu-ray technology and is responsible for establishing format standards and promoting business opportunities for Blu-ray Disc. The BDA is divided into three levels of membership: the board of directors, contributors, and general members.

The "Blu-ray Disc founder group" was started on 20 May 2002 by nine electronic companies: Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Thomson, LG Electronics, Hitachi, Sharp, Samsung Electronics and Sony.
In order to enable more companies to participate, it announced in May 2004 that it would form the Blu-ray Disc Association, which was inaugurated on 4 October 2004.
Liu Jue
Liu Jue (Liu Chüeh, traditional: 劉玨, simplified: 刘珏 ; c. 1409 – 1472) was a Chinese landscape painter, calligrapher, and poet during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

Liu was born in Changzhou in the Jiangsu province. His style name was 'Tingmei' and his sobriquet was 'Wan'an'. Liu's painting used a plump brush stroke style, which later influenced Shen Zhou.

Shen Zhou
Shen Zhou (Chinese: 沈周; pinyin: Shěn Zhōu, 1427–1509), courtesy names Qinan (启南) and Shitian (石田), was a Chinese painter in the Ming dynasty. He lived during the post-transition period of the Yuan conquest of the Ming. His family worked closely with the government and maintained its wealthy status. Shen later retired and lived a reclusive life, spending most of his time painting and taking care of his widowed mother.

He was a contributor to the more individualist Wu School of Chinese art. Besides painting, he was also accomplished in history and the classics.
Topote
Topotes are a local dish of Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico made from threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense).

They are deep fried whole just until almost burned, and served with onion, lime, salt, and corn tortillas.

Tortilla
A tortilla (/tɔːrˈtiːə/, Spanish: [toɾˈtiʝa]) is a thin, circular unleavened flatbread from Mesoamerica originally made from masa, and now also from wheat flour.

The Aztecs and other Nahuatl speakers called tortillas tlaxcalli ([t͡ɬaʃˈkalli]). First made by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica before colonization, tortillas are a cornerstone of Mesoamerican cuisine. Corn tortillas in Mesoamerica are known from as early as 500 BCE. Flour tortillas were invented once the Spanish introduced wheat to Mexico in the 16th century.
Scottish fiddling
Scottish fiddling may be distinguished from other folk fiddling styles by its particular precision of execution and energy in the delivery, for example, the rendering of the dotted-quaver/semi-quaver rhythmic patterns, commonly used in the Strathspey. Christine Martin, in her Traditional Scottish Fiddling players guide, discusses the techniques of "hack bowing", "the Scotch snap", and "snap bowing". These techniques contrast quite sharply with the most common bowing patterns of Irish fiddling. The style has a very large repertoire consisting of a great variation of rhythms and key signatures. There is also a strong link to the playing of traditional Scottish bagpipes which is better known throughout the world.

Chris Stout
Chris Stout (born 1976) is a Scottish fiddle/violin player from Shetland, now based in Glasgow. Stout grew up in Fair Isle and lived there until 8 years of age before moving to Sandwick on the Shetland Mainland, then on to Glasgow in the 1990s.

Stout has studied under prominent Shetland fiddlers including Willie Hunter and Arthur Scott Robertson and is adept at a variety of violin styles, drawing on a range of influences from folk, jazz, electronica and classical.

In 1990 he won both the Shetland "Young Fiddler of the Year" competition for his skills as a traditional fiddle player and the Shetland "Young Musician of the Year" competition for his classical violin abilities.

In 2015, Hirda, A New Opera for Shetland, co-composed with Irish composer, Gareth Williams and produced by NOISE, toured Shetland and performed in Glasgow and Edinburgh
William Shaftoe Robertson
William Shaftoe Robertson (c. 1799–1872) was a British actor and theatre manager. He was the nephew of Fanny Robertson, manager of the Lincoln theatre circuit, and her husband Thomas Shaftoe Robertson. As a young man, he began acting with his family in the Lincoln circuit. After his aunt retired in 1843, he became manager of the eight theatres in the circuit. In the 1850s, he moved his large family to London and became joint manager of the Marylebone Theatre and appeared there on stage. He continued to act in provincial theatres until retiring in 1867. His famous children include T. W. Robertson and Madge Kendal.

Actor-manager
An actor-manager is a leading actor who sets up their own permanent theatrical company and manages the business, sometimes taking over a theatre to perform select plays in which they usually star. It is a method of theatrical production used consistently since the 16th century, particularly common in 19th-century Britain and the United States.
2008 Clásico RCN
The 48th edition of the annual Clásico RCN was held from October 19 to October 26, 2008, in Colombia. The stage race with an UCI rate of 2.3 started with a time trial on the island San Andrés and finished in Cali.

Clásico RCN
The Clásico RCN (Spanish for RCN Classic) is an annual cycling road race that takes place over many stages through different regions of Colombia during October. It is organized by the Colombian Cycling Federation.

The event is sponsored by Radio Cadena Nacional, which is one of the oldest and largest radio networks in Colombia, and by a network of Colombian business in Medellín "Empresas Públicas de Medellín". The Clásico RCN and the Vuelta a Colombia are the most important stage races in Colombia.