hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caul (headgear)
A caul is a historical headress worn by women that covers tied-up hair. A fancy caul could be made of satin, velvet, fine silk or brocade, although a simple caul would commonly be made of white linen or cotton. The caul could be covered by a crespine or a hairnet to secure it from falling off.

During the second half of the thirteenth century, network caps, more properly called "cauls", came into fashion for ladies' wear. These headdresses were shaped like bags, made of gold, silver or silk network. At first they fitted  fairly close to the head, the edge, band or rim being placed high up on the forehead, to show some hair on the temples and around the nape; they enclosed the head and hair, and were secured by a circlet or fillet. Jewels were often set at intervals in the band, also at the intersections of the cross-bars.

Headgear
Headgear, headwear, or headdress is any element of clothing which is worn on one's head, including hats, helmets, turbans and many other types. Headgear is worn for many purposes, including protection against the elements, decoration, or for religious or cultural reasons, including social conventions.
Benfica, Lisbon
Benfica (locally [bɐ̃jˈfikɐ]) is a freguesia (civil parish) and district of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Located in northern Lisbon, Benfica is west of São Domingos de Benfica, Carnide, and Campolide, north of Belém, Ajuda, and Alcântara, and directly east of Lisbon's border with Amadora. The population in 2011 was 36,985,

Ajuda
Ajuda (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐˈʒuðɐ]) is a freguesia (civil parish) and district of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Ajuda is located in western Lisbon, northeast of Belém and west of Alcântara. The population in 2011 was 15,617.
Minangkabau culture
Minangkabau culture (Minangkabau: budayo Minangkabau) is one of the native Sumatran cultures, it encompass the culture of the Minangkabau – the indigenous Indonesian people native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra (most specifically in Western Sumatra). This culture is one of the major cultures in the Sumatran sphere.

Minangkabau culture adheres to a matrilineal system in terms of marriage, ethnicity, inheritance, and customary titles. The Minangkabau people survive as the world's largest matrilineal adherents. The principles of Minangkabau custom in modern-days are contained in the statement of "Adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah" (lit. 'the [Minangkabau] customs have to be Islamic (Sharia), [and those] Islamic [means] have to be based on Quran'), refers to the Islamized-based customary laws that are commonly adhered by the predominant Minangkabau Muslims.

Nagari (settlement)
A nagari is a historical Minangkabau geographic polity in West Sumatra (and formerly Negeri Sembilan in the Malay Peninsular west coast) comprising several matrilineal clans (suku). Since the independence of Indonesia in 1945 which covers the Sumatran Minang homelands, nagari has also lent itself as a modern semi-autonomous regional administrative unit.

From 1983-1999 the national government attempted to apply the Javanese desa village system to other ethnic groups throughout Indonesia, and in 1983 the traditional Minangkabau nagari village units were split into smaller jorong units, with some disruption to traditional nagari-centred social and cultural institutions. However following restoration of the role of the nagari in rural Minangkabau society after 1999 residence and employment in a nagari is still an aspect of social identity, just as residence in the smaller jorong, or membership of a clan.
Winton Square
Winton Square in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England, houses Stoke-on-Trent railway station, the North Stafford Hotel, and several other historic structures. The square was built in 1848 for the North Staffordshire Railway, whose headquarters were in the station building, and is a significant example of neo-Jacobean architecture. Today, all the buildings and structures in the square are listed buildings and the square is a designated conservation area.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Nostalgia (Mother Mother album)
Nostalgia is the tenth studio album by the Canadian indie rock band Mother Mother. It was released on June 6, 2025 by Parlophone and Warner Records as part of the band's 20th anniversary.

According to frontman Ryan Guldemond, the goal when creating Nostalgia was to embody a childlike creativity which he believes often becomes elusive later in life, stating each creative choice was evaluated by its emotional impact.

Ryan Guldemond described "Make Believe" by stating he indulged a bit in his own life-philosophy on the track, mentioning "magical thinking, interconnection, cosmic gallivanting."

One song from the album, "Love to Death", was previously leaked online in 2009, becoming a popular song amongst fans of the group.

Ryan Guldemond has described "Finger" as the long-lost sibling of "Verbatim", a song from Mother Mother's debut studio album Touch Up (2007). Guldemond continued by stating that the song delves into perceived double standards within broader society.

Touch Up
Touch Up is the official debut album by indie rock band Mother Mother, released on February 27, 2007, through Last Gang Records. The album is a 'touched up' re-release of their 2005 album Mother. Two extra tracks have been added that were not on Mother; "Legs Away" and "Touch Up", but four tracks were also removed: "Fat Kids", "Babies", "Mamma Told Me" and "Home Recording".
Pinqullu (Ascensión)
Pinqullu (Aymara for a kind of flute of the Andes, Hispanicized spelling Pincullo) is a 5,096-metre (16,719 ft) mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It lies in the Huancavelica Region, Huancavelica Province, Ascensión District, northwest of Antarasu. The river Kachimayu originates southwest of the mountain. It flows along the southern slopes of Pinqullu. Yawarqucha ("blood lake", Yahuarcocha) is the name of the little lake southwest of the peak.

Chonta mountain range
The Chonta mountain range (possibly from Aymara chunta prolonged, lengthened, Quechua chunta a kind of palm,) lies in the Huancavelica Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 12°37' and 13°07'S and  75°00' and 75°30'W for about 50 km. It is located in the Castrovirreyna Province and in the Huancavelica Province.
Busemann function
In geometric topology, Busemann functions are used to study the large-scale geometry of geodesics in Hadamard spaces and in particular Hadamard manifolds (simply connected complete Riemannian manifolds of nonpositive curvature). They are named after Herbert Busemann, who introduced them; he gave an extensive treatment of the topic in his 1955 book "The geometry of geodesics".

Marston Morse
Harold Calvin Marston Morse (March 24, 1892 – June 22, 1977) was an American mathematician best known for his work on the calculus of variations in the large, a subject where he introduced the technique of differential topology now known as Morse theory. The Morse–Palais lemma, one of the key results in Morse theory, is named after him, as is the Thue–Morse sequence, an infinite binary sequence with many applications.

He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1929, the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1932, and the American Philosophical Society in 1936. In 1933 he was awarded the Bôcher Memorial Prize for his work in mathematical analysis. J. Robert Oppenheimer described Morse as "almost a statesman of mathematics."
Hamre Municipality
Hamre (historically, Hammer) is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 80.8-square-kilometre (31.2 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now divided between Alver Municipality and Osterøy Municipality in the traditional district of Nordhordland in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Hamre, where Hamre Church was located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 80.8-square-kilometre (31.2 sq mi) municipality was the 545th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Hamre Municipality was the 354th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 2,579. The municipality's population density was 31.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (83/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 7.2% over the previous 10-year period.

Alver Municipality
Alver is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Nordhordland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Knarvik. Other villages include Alversund, Alver, Isdalstø, Lindås, Ostereidet, Seim, Manger, Askeland, Austmarka, Bøvågen, Haugland, Sæbø, Sletta, Frekhaug, Hjartås, Holme, Io, Krossneset, Meland, and Rossland.

The 679.15-square-kilometre (262.22 sq mi) municipality is the 168th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Alver Municipality is the 37th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 30,169. The municipality's population density is 44.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (115/sq mi) and its population has increased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
1969 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1969 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 59th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Buffers Alley entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 19 October 1969 at Bellefield Park in Enniscorthy, between Enniscorthy Shamrocks and Ferns St Aidan's. Enniscorthy Shamrocks won the match by 5–04 to 2–06 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in five years.

1964 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1964 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 54th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Oylegate–Glenbrien entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 18 October 1964 at the O'Kennedy Park in New Ross, between Enniscorthy Shamrocks and Faythe Harriers. Enniscorthy Shamrocks won the match by 1–13 to 2–09 to claim their first ever championship title.
High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell
High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC), also known as High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane fuel cells, are a type of PEM fuel cells which can be operated at temperatures between 120 and 200 °C. HT-PEM fuel cells are used for both stationary and portable applications. The HT-PEM fuel cell is usually supplied with hydrogen or a hydrogen-rich gas like reformate gas formed by the reforming of methanol, ethanol, natural gas or LPG.

Membrane electrode assembly
A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is an assembled stack of proton-exchange membranes (PEM) or alkali anion exchange membrane (AAEM), catalyst and flat plate electrode used in fuel cells and electrolyzers.
On Venus, Have We Got a Rabbi!
On Venus, Have We Got a Rabbi! is a 1974 science fiction novelette by William Tenn. At an Interstellar Neo-Zionist Congress convened on Venus, weird-looking aliens claim that they are Jews. This legal quagmire was ingeniously resolved by the Great Rabbi of Venus. The story satirizes the question "Who is a Jew?". It was first published in the anthology Wandering Stars: An Anthology of Jewish Fantasy and Science Fiction.

Sholem Aleichem
Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Russian: Соломон Наумович Рабинович; March 2 [O.S. February 18] 1859 – May 13, 1916), better known under his pen name Sholem Aleichem, was a Yiddish author and playwright who lived in the Russian Empire and in the United States. The 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof, based on Aleichem's stories about Tevye the Dairyman, was the first commercially successful English-language stage production about Jewish life in Eastern Europe.

The Hebrew phrase שלום עליכם (shalom aleichem) literally means "[May] peace [be] upon you!", and is a greeting in traditional Hebrew and Yiddish.
Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area
Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works.

The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties.

Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area was designated in 1996 and is managed by the Rivers of Steel Heritage Corporation. The managing organization supports the designation of Homestead Works National Park, centered around the Carrie Blast Furnaces.

The visitor center, museum, and offices for the national heritage area are located in the Bost Building in Homestead.

Pennsylvania portal

Homestead Steel Works
Homestead Steel Works was a large steel mill located on the Monongahela River at Homestead, Pennsylvania in the United States. Originally built for the Pittsburgh Bessemer Steel Company, the plant expanded rapidly following its purchase by Andrew Carnegie in 1883. Like the neighboring Edgar Thomson Works, it was supplied by tributary coal and iron fields, the Union Railroad 425 miles (684 km) long, and a line of lake steamships. The works also saw one of the most notable labor disputes in U.S. history, the Homestead strike of 1892. "Homestead 1889-1895".
Cameron Corner Survey Marker
Cameron Corner Survey Marker is a heritage-listed survey marker in the locality of Cameron Corner, Shire of Bulloo, Queensland, Australia. The survey marker is at the border corner of South-West Queensland with New South Wales and South Australia; it was established in 1880. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 November 2012.

Macintyre River
The Macintyre River, a perennial river that forms part of the Border Rivers group, is part of the Barwon catchment of the Murray-Darling basin, located in the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes regions of New South Wales, and the Southern Downs region of Queensland, Australia.

Part of the course of the river marks the border between Queensland and New South Wales.
Daryl Harpe
Daryl Harpe (born August 12, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player.

From 1983 to 1986, Harpe played junior hockey, and is the all-time leading scorer, for the now defunct Hobbema Hawks of the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL).

Harpe played 182 regular season games and 15 playoff games in the East Coast Hockey League (ECHL) with the Erie Panthers, Cincinnati Cyclones, and Knoxville Cherokees. During the inaugural 1988–89 ECHL season, Harpe scored 34 goals and 86 assists with the Erie Panthers to lead the ECHL with 122 points. He was selected the ECHL Most Valuable Player and named to the 1988–89 All-ECHL Team.

Cincinnati Cyclones
The Cincinnati Cyclones are a professional minor league ice hockey team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. The team is a member of the ECHL. Originally established in 1990, the team first played their games in the Cincinnati Gardens and now play at Heritage Bank Center.

Cincinnati has fielded Cyclones teams with three separate franchises in two different leagues: the International Hockey League (1992–2001) and the ECHL (1990–1992, 2001–2004, 2006–present). Together, the franchises have combined to win two Kelly Cups (2008 and 2010), three conference championships (2008, 2010 and 2014), two overall points championships (2008 and 2019), and six division championships (1996, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2019 and 2023). In 2007–08, the team had the most successful season in ECHL history with 55 wins, 115 points, and its first conference and league championships.
2005 BNP Paribas Masters
The 2005 Paris Masters (also known as the BNP Paribas Masters for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 33rd edition of the Paris Masters, and was part of the ATP Masters Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, from 31 October to 6 November 2005. Tomáš Berdych won the singles title.

The singles line up included ATP No. 3, Wimbledon and Indianapolis runner-up, Cincinnati champion Andy Roddick, US Open quarterfinalist, Umag winner, Monte Carlo, Rome and Beijing finalist Guillermo Coria, and French Open semifinalist, St. Pölten winner Nikolay Davydenko. Other top seeds were French Open runner-up, Casablanca titlist Mariano Puerta, Munich winner David Nalbandian, Ivan Ljubičić, Gastón Gaudio and Radek Štěpánek.

2005 Croatia Open Umag
The 2005 Croatia Open Umag was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 16th edition of the Croatia Open Umag, and was part of the International Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from 25 July through 31 July 2005. Second-seeded Guillermo Coria won the singles title.
2015 Oregon Ducks football team
The 2015 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was led by third-year head coach Mark Helfrich and played their home games at Autzen Stadium for the 49th straight year. They were a member of the Pac-12 Conference in the North Division.

Autzen Stadium
Autzen Stadium is an outdoor football stadium in Eugene, Oregon, United States. Located north of the University of Oregon campus, it is the home field of the Oregon Ducks of the Big Ten Conference. Opened in 1967, the stadium has undergone several expansions. The official seating capacity is presently 54,000 to 60,000 (with SRO); however, the actual attendance regularly exceeds that figure.
Gmina Kozy
Gmina Kozy is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Kozy, which lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Bielsko-Biała and 47 km (29 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 26.9 square kilometres (10.4 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 12,979.

Bielsko County
Bielsko County (Polish: powiat bielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Bielsko-Biała, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Czechowice-Dziedzice, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Bielsko-Biała, Szczyrk, 14 km (9 mi) south of Bielsko-Biała, and Wilamowice, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Bielsko-Biała.

The county covers an area of 457.23 square kilometres (176.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 165,374, out of which the population of Czechowice-Dziedzice is 35,926, that of Szczyrk is 5,734, that of Wilamowice is 3,100, and the rural population is 120,614.
Quiçama
Quiçama (Portuguese spelling), Quissama or Kisama (Bantu spelling) is a municipality in the province of Icolo e Bengo in Angola. Prior to the creation of Icolo e Bengo in 2024, it had been one of the nine municipalities that made up the province of Luanda.
It covers an area of 13,900 square kilometres (5,400 sq mi) and its population as of 2014 is 26,546. The municipal seat is the village of Muxima.

Quiçama is bordered to the north by the municipalities of Viana and Icolo e Bengo, to the east by the municipalities of Cambambe, Libolo and Quibala, to the south by the municipalities of Quilenda and Porto Amboim, and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean.

Part of the municipality is occupied by the Quiçama National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional da Quiçama).

Cambambe
Cambambe is a municipality in Cuanza Norte Province in Angola. It is the site of a hydroelectric dam on the Cuanza River. Cambambe also contains ruins from the 17th-century Portuguese settlement of the area, including the Church of Nossa Senhora do Rosario and the Fortress of Kambambe. The municipality had a population of 90,766 in 2014.
Tom Thorpe
Thomas Joseph Thorpe (born 13 January 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender.

A product of the youth academy of Manchester United, Thorpe was loaned to Championship club Birmingham City in 2014. He was called into the Manchester United first team in September 2014 and made his Premier League debut shortly after. Released in 2015, he went on to play in the Football League for Rotherham United, Bradford City and Bolton Wanderers, for ATK of the Indian Super League, and in non-league football for Macclesfield and Stalybridge Celtic.

He represented England at all youth levels from England U16 to England U21, and was a member of the 2010 UEFA European Under-17 Championship-winning team.

2012–13 Professional U21 Development League
The 2012–13 Professional U21 Development League (League 1 referred to as the Barclays Under 21 Premier League for sponsorship reasons ) was the inaugural season of the Professional Development League's U21 competition.

There were 45 participating teams in the 2012–13 Professional U21 Development Leagues; 22 in League 1 and 23 in League 2 (12 in the North Division, 11 in the South Division).
Federal Social Insurance Office
The Federal Social Insurance Office (FSIO) is the federal office responsible for social insurance in Switzerland. It is subordinated to the Federal Department of Home Affairs.

It regulates the Swiss social insurance and system, including old age and survivors' insurance, invalidity insurance, supplementary benefits, occupational pension funds, income compensation for people on national service and for women on maternity leave as well as family allowances in the agricultural sector.

Federal Department of Home Affairs
The Federal Department of Home Affairs (FDHA, German: Eidgenössisches Departement des Innern, French: Département fédéral de l'intérieur, Italian: Dipartimento federale dell'interno, Romansh: Departament federal da l'internⓘ) is a department of the federal administration of Switzerland. Since 2024, it is headed by Federal Councillor Élisabeth Baume-Schneider.
Ab Lench
Ab Lench  is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of South Lenches, in the Wychavon district, in the county of Worcestershire, England. The village lies 1 mile (1.6 km) from Church Lench and Rous Lench, 2 miles (3 km) from Harvington and 4 miles (6.4 km) from Ragley Hall. It is about 15 miles (24 km) from Stratford and 6 miles (10 km) from Evesham.

Wychavon
Wychavon (/ˈwɪtʃ.eɪvən/) is a local government district in Worcestershire, England. The largest towns therein are Evesham and Droitwich Spa; the council is based in the town of Pershore. The district also includes numerous villages and surrounding rural areas, and includes part of the Cotswolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The district's name references the Saxon Kingdom of Hwicce and the River Avon. The population in 2024 was 138,017.

The neighbouring districts are Malvern Hills, Worcester, Wyre Forest, Bromsgrove, Redditch, Stratford-on-Avon, Cotswold, and Tewkesbury.