hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Snowman
A snowman is an anthropomorphic snow sculpture often built in regions with sufficient snowfall and is a very common winter tradition. In many places, typical snowmen consist of three large snowballs of different sizes with some additional accoutrements for facial and other features. Due to the sculptability of snow, there is also a wide variety of other styles. Common accessories include branches for arms and a smiling face made of stones, with a carrot used for a nose. Clothing, such as a hat or scarf, may be included.

Tobacco pipe
A tobacco pipe, often called simply a pipe, is a device specifically made to smoke tobacco. It comprises a chamber (the bowl) for the tobacco from which a thin hollow stem (shank) emerges, ending in a mouthpiece. Pipes can range from very simple machine-made briar models to highly prized hand-made artisanal implements made by renowned pipemakers, which are often very expensive collector's items.
Basis theorem (computability)
In computability theory, there are a number of basis theorems. These theorems show that particular kinds of sets always must have some members that are, in terms of Turing degree, not too complicated. One family of basis theorems concern nonempty effectively closed sets (that is, nonempty  sets in the arithmetical hierarchy); these theorems are studied as part of classical computability theory. Another family of basis theorems concern nonempty lightface analytic sets (that is,  in the analytical hierarchy); these theorems are studied as part of hyperarithmetical theory.

Analytical hierarchy
In mathematical logic and descriptive set theory, the analytical hierarchy is an extension of the arithmetical hierarchy. The analytical hierarchy of formulas includes formulas in the language of second-order arithmetic, which can have quantifiers over both the set of natural numbers, , and over functions from  to . The analytical hierarchy of sets classifies sets by the formulas that can be used to define them; it is the lightface version of the projective hierarchy.
Honda Accord (ninth generation)
The ninth generation Accord is a mid-size car introduced by Honda in 2012 which received a refreshed front fascia, grille, headlights, tail lights and alloy wheel designs for the 2016 model year. With the discontinuation of the smaller European and Japanese market Accord in 2015, the larger North American Accord became the only version in production, with the Hybrid version taking over as the flagship of Honda's automotive product in many markets that once received the smaller Accord.

LA Auto Show
The Los Angeles Auto Show, also known as the LA Auto Show, is an auto show held annually at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, California, United States. It is open to the public for ten days, filling 760,000 square feet (71,000 m2) of exhibit space. Since 2006 the event is held in November or December.

The LA Auto Show is an OICA sanctioned international exhibition.  It is one of the four major auto shows in North America together with Detroit, Chicago and New York.

The show begins with AutoMobility LA,  a several day press showing.
Plague (painting)
Plague is an 1898 painting in tempera by the Swiss symbolist artist Arnold Böcklin (1827 – 1901), held in the Kunstmuseum Basel. It exemplifies the artist's obsession with nightmares of war, pestilence and death. The painting shows Death riding on a bat-like winged creature who travels through a street in a medieval European town.

Plague is rendered mostly using shades of pale green, a colour often associated with decomposition. The other predominant tones are black and dull browns; for example, in the clothes worn by the figures shown in the mid-ground and background as they dive for safety before Death's path. The red cloth of the woman shown in the mid-foreground is the only vivid colour seen; she lies across the corpse of a woman who was also cut down.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
Bukit Kiara
Bukit Kiara is a densely forested area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The area is in proximity to the suburbs of Bukit Damansara, TTDI, Mont Kiara, Sri Hartamas, and Bangsar. Bukit Kiara has often been described as one of the last remaining 'green lungs' of Kuala Lumpur, boasting many jungle trails, pristine rivers and streams and abundant native wildlife. Despite rapid housing and commercial development in neighbouring Mont Kiara, Bukit Kiara is still known as a natural oasis away from the hustle and bustle of Kuala Lumpur.

Ongoing developments on several tracts of land in Bukit Kiara have met with protests from several non-governmental organisations (NGOs), citing the ongoing commitment from various government departments and ministers to have the park gazetted. The gazettement would ensure the remaining park would be protected from development for the foreseeable future.

Bangsar
Bangsar is a residential suburb on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur, lying about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south-west of the city centre. It is part of the Lembah Pantai parliamentary constituency. Bangsar is administered by Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL), unlike other townships in the Klang Valley such as Petaling Jaya and Subang Jaya which have their municipal councils. Neighbourhood residents' associations and business councils play a part in communicating with the local authority, but they exercise no legal or administrative power. Malays make up most of the population at 61%, followed by the Chinese at 24%, Indians at 15%.
Unjusa
Unjusa or Unju Temple is a Korean Buddhist temple located in Hwasun County, South Jeolla province, South Korea. It is 26 km (16 mi) southwest of Hwasun County or 40 km (24 mi) south of Gwangju. Compared with other temples in South Korea, this temple has an unusual collection of stone Buddha statues and stone pagodas, so Unjusa is often referred to as the mysterious temple. Among several assumptions regarding its origin, the most widely known one is that Monk Doseon founded the temple based on geomancy during the late period of Silla Dynasty (57 BC – 935 AD), but the origins remain unverified.

Unjusa is designated as Treasure #312 and is the site of the well known Treasure #796, Unjusa Gucheung Seaktap (Nine-story Stone Pagoda at Unjusa).

Buddhist temples in Korea
Buddhist temples are an important part of the Korean landscape. Most Korean temples have names ending in -sa (Korean: 사; Hanja: 寺), which means "monastery" in Sino-Korean.
Many temples participate in the Templestay program, where visitors can experience Buddhist culture and even stay at the temple overnight.
Per Bakken
Per Bakken (26 October 1882 – August 1958) was a Norwegian Nordic skier who won both the Nordic combined and 50 km cross-country skiing events at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1904. For his dual victories that year, Bakken earned the Holmenkollen medal in 1907.

Holmenkollen Medal
The Holmenkollen Medal (Norwegian: Holmenkollenmedaljen) is an annual honorary skiing award that has been issued by the Skiforeningen in Norway since 1895. It recognizes the outstanding achievements of skiing athletes who place at the top of international championships and at Holmenkollen Ski Festival events, as well as those who contribute to advancement of the sport of skiing. The Holmenkollen Medal is considered Norwegian skiing highest honor.
Bandar Jasin Bestari
Bandar Jasin Bestari (Jasin Smart City) is a residential neighbourhood in the town of Bemban of Jasin District, in the Malaysian state of Malacca developed by Malacca Customary Land Corporation (PERTAM).

Jasin District
Jasin District, formerly known as Southern District, is one of the three administrative district in Malacca, Malaysia. It borders Tangkak District of Johor to the east, Tampin District of Negeri Sembilan to the north and Alor Gajah District and Melaka Tengah District to the west. The district capital is Jasin Town.
1993 Salem Open Hong Kong
The 1993 Salem Open Hong Kong was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts on Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the 18th edition of the tournament and was held from 12 April through 18 April 1993. Second-seeded Pete Sampras won the singles title and earned $39,600 first-prize money.

1993 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Paul Denham Austerberry
Paul Austerberry (born 1966) is a Canadian film and television production designer. For his set design in the 2017 film The Shape of Water he won an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Production Design with set decorators Shane Vieau and Jeff Melvin. In the 2013 film Pompeii, he won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Art Direction/Production Design at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015 with Nigel Churcher.

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
WSBC
WSBC (1240 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Chicago, Illinois. It broadcasts brokered programming, mostly ethnic and religious. It is owned by Heartland Signal LLC.

WSBC transmits with 1,000 watts. Its transmitter site is on North Milwaukee Avenue at West Catalpa Avenue in Chicago. It shares its tower with sister station WCPT (820 AM).

Brokered programming
Brokered programming (also known as time-buy and blocktime) is a form of broadcast content in which the show's producer pays a radio or television station for air time, rather than exchanging programming for pay or the opportunity to play spot commercials. A brokered program is typically not capable of garnering enough support from advertisements to pay for itself, and may be controversial, esoteric or an advertisement in itself.
Kathiawar
Kathiawar (Gujarati: [kɑʈʰijɑʋɑɽ]), also known as Saurashtra (Gujarati: [sɔɾɑʂʈrə]), is a peninsula in the south-western Gujarat state in India, bordering the Arabian Sea and covering about 61,000 km2 (23,500 sq mi). It is bounded by the Kutch district in the north, the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest, and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of the state and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century. It was formerly a state of India.

Gir National Park
Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Sasan Gir, is a national park and wildlife sanctuary in Gujarat, India. It was established in 1965 in the erstwhile Nawab of Junagarh's private hunting area, with a total area of 1,410.30 km2 (544.52 sq mi), of which 258.71 km2 (99.89 sq mi) is fully protected as a national park and 1,151.59 km2 (444.63 sq mi) as wildlife sanctuary. It is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.

The 14th Asiatic Lion Census 2015 conducted in May 2015 noted the population as 523 (up 27% compared to the previous census in 2010). The population was 411 in 2010 and 359 in 2005. The lion population in Junagadh District was 268 individuals, 44 in Gir Somnath District, 174 in Amreli District, and 37 in Bhavnagar district. There are 109 males, 201 females and 213 cubs.

Gir National Park is closed from 16 June to 15 October every year, throughout the monsoon season.
Kevin Downes (hurler)
Kevin Downes (born 14 October 1991) is an Irish hurler who plays for Limerick Senior Championship club Na Piarsaigh and at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a full-forward.

2011 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 2011 Bord Gáis Energy GAA Hurling All-Ireland Under-21 Championship is the 48th staging of the All-Ireland Championship since its inception in 1964. Games were played between 1 June and 10 September 2011. Galway won the title after a 3–14 to 1–10 win against Dublin.
Georgian graffiti of Nazareth and Sinai
The Georgian graffiti of Nazareth and Sinai (Georgian: ნაზარეთის და სინაის ქართული გრაფიტი, romanized: nazaretis da sinais kartuli grapit'i) are the Old Georgian pilgrim graffiti inscriptions written in ancient Georgian Asomtavruli script found in Nazareth and Mount Sinai. The excavations were carried out under the guidance of the Italian archaeologist and Franciscan priest Bellarmino Bagatti from 1955 to 1960. Georgian pilgrimage towards the Holy Land started from the 5th century, reaching even the most distant 
sanctuaries.

Mount Sinai
Mount Sinai, also known as Jabal Musa (Arabic: جَبَل مُوسَى, lit. 'Mountain of Moses'), is a mountain on the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. It is one of several locations claimed to be the biblical Mount Sinai, the place where, according to the sacred scriptures of the three major Abrahamic religions (Torah, Bible, and Quran), the Hebrew prophet Moses received the Ten Commandments from God.

It is a 2,285-meter (7,497 ft) mountain near the city of Saint Catherine in the region known today as the Sinai Peninsula. It is surrounded on all sides by higher peaks in the mountain range of which it is a part. For example, it lies next to Mount Catherine which, at 2,629 m or 8,625 ft, is the highest peak in Egypt.
2023 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths of British people occurred in 2023. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:

Name, age, citizenship at birth, nationality (in addition to British), or/and home nation, what subject was noted for, birth year, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Greenock Morton F.C.
Greenock Morton Football Club is a Scottish professional football club, which plays in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded as Morton Football Club in 1874, making it one of the oldest Scottish clubs. Morton was renamed Greenock Morton in 1994 to celebrate the links with its home town of Greenock.

Morton won the Scottish Cup in 1922, and achieved its highest league finish in 1916–17, as runners-up to champions Celtic. Morton holds the record for the most promotions to and relegations from the top flight (10 promotions and 10 relegations), but has not competed in the top flight of the Scottish football league system since 1988. In 2014–15, Morton won its tenth league title in all divisions by winning the Scottish League One championship on the final day.
All Brandy Stakes top three finishers
This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the All Brandy Stakes, an American Thoroughbred Stakes race for fillies and mares three years old and up at one and one eighth miles (9 furlongs) run on turf at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland.

Laurel Park (race track)
Laurel Park, formerly Laurel Race Course, is an American thoroughbred racetrack located just outside Laurel, Maryland which opened in 1911.  The track is 1+1⁄8 miles in circumference. Its name was changed to "Laurel Race Course" for several decades until returning to the "Laurel Park" designation in 1994.

In April 2024 the Maryland General Assembly approved a bill that would consolidate thoroughbred racing in Maryland to Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. Laurel Park is expected to host the 2026 Preakness Stakes, and was then to permanently close for racing once renovations at Pimlico were completed. In January 2026, Maryland officials announced that they had reached an agreement to purchase Laurel Park from the Stronach Group for $50 million, with plans to convert it into a horse training center.
Dithiofluorescein
Dithiofluorescein (sometimes generically called thiofluorescein) is a complexometric indicator used in analytical chemistry. It changes from blue to colorless when it binds to mercury(2+) ions. It thus can indicate the endpoint in the titration of thiols using o-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid or its sodium salt. The reagent can be immobilized t in a polymer on a fiber optic, which might allow development of a detector for sulfide ions in a flow cell. Unlike fluorescein and other related fluoran dyes that have oxygen substituents on the benzene rings, dithiofluorescein, which has sulfur substituents, is not fluorescent.

Complexometric indicator
A complexometric indicator is an ionochromic dye that undergoes a definite color change in presence of specific metal ions. It forms a weak complex with ions in solution, resulting in a color significantly different from the free form.
Complexometric indicators are also referred to as pM indicators.
Ge Rong
Ge Rong (simplified Chinese: 葛荣; traditional Chinese: 葛榮; pinyin: Gé Róng; died 528) was a Xianbei rebel of the Northern Wei during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period. Initially a commander for one of the Six Garrisons, he later became the leader of a rebellion in Hebei and declared himself the Emperor of Qi. Among the rebel groups during the final years of the Northern Wei, Ge Rong commanded the largest and brought the uprising in Hebei to its peak intensity. However, he was soon defeated by an elite force under Erzhu Rong at the Battle of Fukou, where he was captured and subsequently sent to Luoyang for execution.

Ying Prefecture (Hebei)
Yingzhou or Ying Prefecture was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China in modern Hebei, China, seated in modern Hejian. It existed (intermittently) from 487 until 1108.

It was one of the Sixteen Prefectures ceded by Later Jin to the Liao dynasty, however, just 2 decades later it was seized by Later Zhou during the Liao–Later Zhou War.

The modern town Yingzhou, Hebei in Hejian retains its name.
Mikheil Khutsishvili
Mikhail Khutsishvili (Georgian: მიხეილ ხუციშვილი; born 28 January 1979) is a Georgian retired footballer who played as a forward. He unexpectedly retired because of serious heart problems. As of January 2016, he is the general director of FC Dinamo Tbilisi.

Erovnuli Liga
The Erovnuli Liga (Georgian: ეროვნული ლიგა; lit. 'National League') is the top division of professional top tier football in Georgia. Since 1990, it has been organized by the Professional Football League of Georgia and Georgian Football Federation. From 1927 to 1989, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the Soviet Union. From 2017, the Erovnuli Liga switched to a spring-autumn system, with only 10 clubs in the top flight.
American Horse
American Horse (Lakota: Wašíčuŋ Tȟašúŋke; also known as American Horse the Younger; c. 1840 – December 16, 1908) was an Oglala Lakota chief, statesman, educator and historian. American Horse is notable in American history as a U.S. Army Indian Scout and a progressive Oglala Lakota leader who promoted friendly associations with whites and education for his people. American Horse opposed Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876–1877 and the Ghost Dance Movement of 1890, and was a Lakota delegate to Washington. American Horse was one of the first Wild Westers with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and a supporter of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School. His record as a councilor of his people and his policy in the new situation that confronted them was consistent, and he was known for his eloquence.

4th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 4th Cavalry Regiment is a United States Army cavalry regiment, whose lineage is traced back to the mid-19th century. It was one of the most effective units of the Army against American Indians on the Texas frontier. Today, the regiment exists as separate squadrons within the U.S. Army. Presently, 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry and 5th Squadron, 4th Cavalry are parts of the 1st Infantry Division's 1st Brigade and 2nd Brigade combat teams, respectively. 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry's official nickname is "Quarterhorse", which alludes to its "1/4 Cav" designation.The 3rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, official nicknamed "Raiders," serves as part of the 25th Infantry Division. The 4th Squadron, 4th Cavalry officially was stood up in September 2009 at Fort Riley, Kansas as part of 1st Infantry Division. It was inactivated in October 2015. The 6th Squadron, 4th Cavalry served as part of the recently inactivated 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division,  at Fort Knox, Kentucky.
Securelevel
securelevel is a security mechanism in *BSD kernels, which can optionally restrict certain capabilities. Securelevel is controlled by the sysctl variable kern.securelevel. This value is an integer, which when set to a value > 0 enables certain classes of restrictions. Any superuser process can raise securelevel, but only the init process can lower it.

When used with FreeBSD jails, each jail maintains its own securelevel in addition to the global securelevel.  When evaluated, the higher of the two securelevels will be used.  This allows the host environment to run at a lower securelevel than jails, so that it can manipulate file flags that the jails may not be able to manipulate.

When compiled with the option REGRESSION, a new sysctl is added to the FreeBSD kernel that allows the securelevel to be lowered for the purposes of automated regression testing.

Sysctl
sysctl is a software mechanism in some Unix-like operating systems that reads and modifies the attributes of the system kernel such as its version number, maximum limits, and security settings. It is available both as a system call for compiled programs, and an administrator command for interactive use and scripting. Linux additionally exposes sysctl as a virtual file system.