hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Kardas
Joseph E. Kardas (September 22, 1898 – July 8, 1958) was a Polish-born bishop of the Polish National Catholic Church in the United States. He was ordained to the priesthood by Franciszek Hodur on July 24, 1932, in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He was consecrated bishop at Holy Mother of the Rosary Cathedral in Buffalo, New York on September 2, 1954, and served as diocesan Bishop of the Western Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church from 1955 until his death.

Polish National Catholic Church
The Polish National Catholic Church (PNCC; Polish: Polski Narodowy Kościół Katolicki, PNKK) is an independent Old Catholic church based in the United States and founded by Polish Americans that is part of the Union of Scranton.

The PNCC is not in communion with the Catholic Church. Since 2004, the PNCC is no longer in communion with the Union of Utrecht.

The church has around 30,000 members in five dioceses in the United States and Canada with 119 congregations in the US. The church is part of Polish Old Catholicism.
Jasim
Jasim (Arabic: جاسم, also spelled Jasem or Jassem) is a city in the Izraa District of the Daraa Governorate in southern Syria. It is located 41 kilometers north of Daraa, near Nawa to the south, Kafr Shams to the north, Inkhil to the northeast and al-Harra to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jasim had a population of 31,683 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("subdistrict") consisting of two localities with a combined population of 39,624 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Inkhil
Inkhil (Arabic: إنخل, romanized: Ankhil) is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the as-Sanamayn District in the Daraa Governorate. It is located north of Daraa and just east of the Golan Heights in the Hauran plain. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Inkhil had a population of 31,258 in the 2004 census. The city's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Hong Leong Building
Hong Leong Finance Building (Chinese: 丰隆大厦) is a high-rise office skyscraper in the central business district of Singapore. This is the flagship building of Hong Leong Holdings Limited. It is located on 16 Raffles Quay, in the zone of Raffles Place.

It is just next to the historic Lau Pa Sat Market. There are many skyscrapers near the building, such as One Raffles Quay, 6 Raffles Quay, Robinson Towers, John Hancock Tower, and AIA Tower, all of which are less than 100 metres away. With 45 floors of office space (parking levels from 4 to 7) and one basement level consisting of shops and a cafeteria, the building stretches 158.0 metres above ground.

Hong Leong Finance Building currently houses the Embassy of Panama on the 41st floor and the Embassy of Norway on the 44th floor.

Raffles Place
Raffles Place is the centre of the Financial District of Singapore and is located south of the mouth of the Singapore River. It was first planned and developed in the 1820s as Commercial Square to serve as the hub of the commercial zone of Singapore in Raffles Town Plan. It was renamed Raffles Place in 1858 and is now the site of a number of major banks. It is located in the Downtown Core within the Central Area, and features some of the tallest buildings and landmarks of the country.
Resurrection (H.O.T. album)
Resurrection is the third Korean studio album by South Korean boy group H.O.T., released on September 25, 1998, through SM Entertainment. The album produced two singles that were promoted with music videos and live performances on music programs in South Korea: "Line Up!" and "Hope".

The album was commercially successful, selling over 1.1 million copies by 1999. "Line Up!" won the International Viewer's Choice Award for MTV Korea at the 1999 MTV Video Music Awards and "Hope" won the Grand Prize (Daesang) at the KBS Music Awards.

MBC Gayo Daejejeon
The MBC Gayo Daejejeon (Korean: MBC 가요대제전) is an annual, end-of-the-year South Korean music show broadcast by the Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC). The event was first held in 1966 as a singing competition, but MBC stopped giving out awards in 2005.
Rota's conjecture
Rota's excluded minors conjecture is one of a number of conjectures made by the mathematician Gian-Carlo Rota. It is considered an important problem by some members of the structural combinatorics community. Rota conjectured in 1971 that, for every finite field, the family of matroids that can be represented over that field has only finitely many excluded minors.
A proof of the conjecture was announced, but not published, in 2014 by Geelen, Gerards, and Whittle.

Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to prove them.
Trans-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene
trans-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, HFO-1234ze(E-isomer), is a hydrofluoroolefin that has the same chemical formula as HFO-1234ze(Z-isomer) and one of many tetrafluoropropene isomers. The HFO-1234ze E-isomer is considered the more useful for refrigeration applications as compared to the HFO-1234ze Z-isomer. It was developed as a "fourth generation" refrigerant intended to replace R-134a, as a blowing agent for foam and aerosol applications, in air horns and gas dusters, and planned use in metered-dose inhalers.

Pentafluoropropane
1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) is a hydrofluorocarbon is a colorless gas used primarily for closed-cell spray foam insulation. HFC-245fa is also known as pentafluoropropane and by its chemical name 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane.
Jennifer Blakeman
Jennifer Blakeman is a musician and music industry executive. Blakeman was a keyboardist for multiple bands predominantly in the 1980s and '90s, before starting a career in the music publishing industry.

The Recording Academy
National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. (NARAS), doing business as the Recording Academy, is an American learned academy of musicians, producers, recording engineers, and other musical professionals. It is widely known for its Grammy Awards, which recognize achievements in the music industry of songs and music that are popular worldwide. The Recording Academy is a founding partner of the Grammy Museum, a non-profit organization whose stated mission is preserving and educating about music history and significance. The Recording Academy also founded MusiCares, a charity with the stated goal of impacting the health and welfare of the music community. The Recording Academy's advocacy team lobbies for music creators' rights at the local, state, and federal levels.
Flowerfield station
Flowerfield was a station along the Port Jefferson Branch of the Long Island Rail Road in Saint James, New York.

The station opened in 1910 on a 1,000-acre (400 ha) parcel purchased by John Lewis Childs to grow plants and seeds, which was later acquired by the Gyrodyne Company of America. The second floor of the station was used by Childs and contained a large sun parlor. The station agency closed in 1944. On July 2, 1959, the LIRR petitioned the New York State Public Service Commission for permission to discontinue all passenger services and team tracks at the station.

Reopening the Flowerfield station, along with a closure of the St. James station, was proposed in the mid-1990s as part of a plan to redevelop the Gyrodyne site.

St. James, New York
St. James is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population of the CDP was 13,487 at the 2020 census. St. James is part of the Town of Smithtown and is located on the North Shore of Long Island. The ZIP code is 11780.
Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department
The Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department is the head and senior-most officer to serve in the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). The incumbent manages the day-to-day operations of the LAPD and is usually held by a four star officer.

The chief of police is appointed by the mayor and reports to the Board of Commissioners.

Mayor of Los Angeles
The mayor of Los Angeles is the head of the executive branch of the government of Los Angeles and the chief executive of Los Angeles. The office is officially nonpartisan, a change made in the 1909 charter; previously, both the elections and the office were partisan.

Forty-two men and one woman have been mayor since 1850, when California became a state following the American conquest of California. Between 1781 and the conquest, Californios, or native-born residents of the Mexican territory, served as alcalde, equivalent to mayor.  The current mayor is Karen Bass, who was elected on November 17, 2022, and took office on December 12, 2022.
1906 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1906 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia during the 1906 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 2–4–1 record. Georgia’'s only victories came against Mercer and Auburn. The season included Georgia's third straight loss to Georgia Tech and the seventh straight loss to Clemson. During the 1906 season, the forward pass was legalized and the team tried to use this new play, however, an errant pass contributed to the loss to Davidson. This was the Georgia Bulldogs' first season under the guidance of head coach George S. Whitney.

1906 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1906 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1906 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. In the third season under coach John Heisman, Georgia Tech posted a 6–3–1 record.
Drosera pallida
Drosera pallida, the pale rainbow, is a climbing or scrambling perennial tuberous species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is endemic to Western Australia and grows on sandplains, heathland, or near coastal plain lakes in deep sand or laterite. D. pallida produces small carnivorous leaves in groups of three along stems that can be 0.3–1.8 m (1.0–5.9 ft) high. White flowers bloom from July to November.

Drosera pallida was first described by John Lindley in his 1839 work, A sketch of the vegetation of the Swan River Colony.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
Bozhou, Xinhuang
Bozhou (simplified Chinese: 波洲镇; traditional Chinese: 波洲鎮; pinyin: Bōzhōu Zhèn) is a rural town in Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County, Hunan, China. As of the 2015 census it had a population of 17,253 and an area of 76.82 square kilometres (29.66 sq mi). The town is bordered to the north by Wanshan District of Tongren, to the east by Xindianping Town of Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County, to the southeast by Butouxiang Miao Ethnic Township, to the west by Huangzhou Town, and to the southwest by Hetan Town. It is approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the western county seat.

Huangzhou, Xinhuang
Huangzhou (simplified Chinese: 晃州镇; traditional Chinese: 晃州鎮; pinyin: Huǎngzhōu Zhèn) is an urban town and the county seat of Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County in Hunan, China. As of the 2015 census it had a population of 75,600 and an area of 203.17 square kilometres (78.44 sq mi). The seat of local government is at Dadongping Village (大洞坪村).
13390 Bouška
13390 Bouška, provisional designation 1999 FQ3, is a stony Eunomia asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Czech astronomers Petr Pravec and Marek Wolf at Ondřejov Observatory in the Czech Republic on 18 March 1999. It was named after astronomer Jiří Bouška.

Marek Wolf
Marek Wolf (born 30 June 1957) is a Czech astronomer, former head the Astronomický ústav, Univerzita Karlova v Praze (Astronomical Institute, Charles University of Prague).

He is a discoverer of several asteroids between 1995 and 2001, mostly in collaboration with Czech astronomers Lenka Kotková and Petr Pravec. The Minor Planet Center credits his discoveries under M. Wolf: he is sometimes confused with Max Wolf (1863–1932), a German astronomer and a very famous asteroid hunter who is credited as M. F. Wolf.
North Polar Basin (Mars)
The North Polar Basin, more commonly known as the Borealis Basin, is a large basin in the northern hemisphere of Mars that covers 40% of the planet. Some scientists have postulated that the basin formed during the impact of a single, large body roughly 2% of the mass of Mars, having a diameter of about 1,900 km (1,200 miles) early in the history of Mars, around 4.5 billion years ago. However, the basin is not currently recognized as an impact basin by the IAU. The basin is one of the flattest areas in the Solar System, and has an elliptical shape.

Mars ocean hypothesis
The Mars ocean hypothesis states that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was covered by an ocean of liquid water early in the planet's geologic history. This primordial ocean, dubbed Paleo-Ocean or Oceanus Borealis (/oʊˈsiːənəs ˌbɒriˈælɪs/ oh-SEE-ə-nəs BORR-ee-AL-iss), would have filled the basin Vastitas Borealis in the northern hemisphere, a region that lies 4–5 km (2.5–3.1 mi) below the mean planetary elevation, at a time period of approximately 4.1–3.8 billion years ago. Evidence for this ocean includes geographic features resembling ancient shorelines, and the chemical properties of the Martian soil and atmosphere. Early Mars would have required a denser atmosphere and warmer climate to allow liquid water to remain at the surface.
Allahian
Allahian (Persian: الهيان, also Romanized as Allāhīān, Eláhīān, Allāhayān, Allāhīyān, Allāhyān, Allayan, Elahīān, and Elahiyan) is a village in Shirin Darreh Rural District, in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 758, in 164 families.

Shirin Darreh Rural District
Shirin Darreh Rural District (Persian: دهستان شيرين دره) is in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yusef Khan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Mezerj, now a city.
Geiseltalsee
Geiseltalsee, literally Geisel valley lake, is at about 1,840 hectares (4,500 acres) the largest artificial lake by area in Germany. Once flooding of the Cottbuser Ostsee is complete it will surpass Geiseltalsee in surface area, covering 19 square kilometres (7.3 sq mi). Geiseltalsee lies in the Saalekreis district of the state Saxony-Anhalt. The lake was created in 2003-11 by flooding a former opencast lignite mine in the Geiseltal (Geisel valley); the name of that valley had become widely known due to the notable fossil record which emerged from that coal mine.

Lake Senftenberg
Lake Senftenberg (German: Senftenberger See, formerly called Speicherbecken Niemtsch—Niemtsch reservoir, Upper Sorbian: Złykomorowski jězor, Lower Sorbian: Złykomorowski jazor) is an artificial lake in Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Brandenburg, Germany. It is located in the Lusatian Lake District, a chain of artificial lakes. The lake is located on the border of Lower  and Upper Lusatia between the southern Brandenburg city of Senftenberg and its districts Niemtsch and Großkoschen. Lake Senftenberg is one of the largest artificial lakes in Germany with an area of 1300 hectares (5 sq. mi.).
Coupe Van der Straeten Ponthoz
The Coupe Van der Straeten Ponthoz, also known as Coupe Ponthoz, was an international competition for football clubs from Europe that ran from 1900 to 1907. It was one of the first European club football tournaments and is considered a predecessor of club tournaments in Europe, namely the European Cup. It was named in honor of the donator of the trophy Carl van der Straten-Ponthoz

Mitropa Cup
The Mitropa Cup, officially called Coupe de l'Europe Centrale, Mitteleuropäischer Pokal or Central European Cup, was one of the first international major European football cups for club sides. It was conducted among the successor states of the former Austria-Hungary. After World War II in 1951 a replacement tournament named Zentropa Cup was held, but just for one season, the Mitropa Cup name was revived, and again in 1958 the name of the tournament changed to Danube Cup but only for one season. The tournament was discontinued after 1992.

The most successful club is Vasas with six titles.
Sus (genus)
Sus (/ˈsuːs/) is the genus of domestic and wild pigs, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae. Sus includes domestic pigs (Sus domesticus) and their ancestor, the common Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa), along with various other species. Sus species, like all suids, are native to the Eurasian and African continents, ranging from Europe to the Pacific islands.

Juvenile pigs are known as piglets. Pigs live in complex social groups and are considered one of the more intelligent mammals, as reflected in their ability to learn.

With around 1 billion of this species alive at any time, the domestic pig is among the most populous large mammals in the world. Pigs are omnivores and can consume a wide range of food. Pigs are biologically similar to humans and are thus frequently used for human medical research.

Miniature pig
A miniature pig, minipig or micro-pig is a domestic pig characterised by its unusually small size when fully grown. Some breeds of miniature pig – such as the Cerdo Cuino of Mexico, the Lon I of Vietnam, the Ras-n-Lansa of Guam in the Marianas Islands and the Wuzhishan of Hainan Island in China – are traditional breeds of those areas.: 238 : 714  Many others have been selectively bred since the mid-twentieth century specifically for laboratory use in biomedical research; among these are the Clawn and the Ohmini of Japan, the Czech Minipig, the German Göttingen Minipig, the Lee-Sung of Taiwan, the Russian Minisib, the extinct Minnesota Miniature of the United States and the Westran of Australia.: 7  Some minipigs have been bred to be marketed as companion animals.: 652

Miniature pigs generally reach their full size in about four years, and may live for up to fifteen. Some may reach a height of 50 cm (20 in) at the shoulder and a body length of 100 cm (40 in).
1963 Clare Senior Hurling Championship
The 1963 Clare Senior Hurling Championship was the 68th staging of the Clare Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.

Ruan entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 25 August 1963 at Cusack Park in Ennis, between Newmarket-on-Fergus and Whitegate, in what was their second meeting in the final overall. Newmarket-on-Fergus won the match by 6–10 to 3–07 to claim their 10th championship title overall and a first championship title in eight years.

1955 Clare Senior Hurling Championship
The 1955 Clare Senior Hurling Championship was the 60th staging of the Clare Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.

St Joseph's Doora-Barefield entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 25 September 1955 at Cusack Park in Ennis, between Newmarket-on-Fergus and Éire Óg, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Newmarket-on-Fergus won the match by 3–09 to 3–03 to claim their ninth championship title overall and a first championship title in 19 years.
Electoral district of Ballarat
Ballarat was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. It was created in the redistribution preceding the 1927 election, its area mainly consisting of the former districts of Ballarat West and Ballarat East.

For most of its existence, it was held by Premier Thomas Hollway, from 1932 to 1952.

It was abolished in the redistribution preceding the 1955 election, being split into Ballarat North and Ballarat South.

Electoral district of Ballarat North
Ballarat North was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. It was created in the redistribution preceding the 1955 election, covering the northern suburbs and the rural areas north of Ballarat.

Its mostly a safe seat for the Liberal Party, although Labor candidate and future Premier Steve Bracks came close to winning it in the 1988 election.

It was abolished in the redistribution preceding the 1992 election, mostly being replaced by the new district of Ballarat West.
George Jewett
George Henry Jewett II (April 1870 – August 12, 1908) was an American athlete who became the first African-American football player at both the University of Michigan and Northwestern University and in the Big Ten Conference. He played for the Michigan Wolverines as a fullback, halfback, and field goal kicker in 1890 and 1892 and was considered one of Michigan's greatest players in the pre-Fielding H. Yost era.

Pioneer High School (Ann Arbor, Michigan)
Pioneer High School is a public high school in Ann Arbor, Michigan.  Founded in 1856, the school was previously called the Union School and Ann Arbor High School.  In 2010, Pioneer was listed as a "Silver Medal School" by the U.S. News & World Report.

For years, Pioneer and cross-town Huron High School were among the largest high schools in the state of Michigan due to overcrowding that was eased with the construction and opening of Skyline High School in 2008.
Lokalavisa NordSalten
Lokalavisa NordSalten (Lule Sami: Bájkkeavijssa NuorttaSáltto; lit. 'The North Salten Local Gazette') is a Norwegian newspaper that covers Steigen Municipality and Hamarøy Municipality in Nordland. The current version of the newspaper was established in 1996, and the first issue was published on January 5 that year. The main office is located in the village of Innhavet in Hamarøy Municipality. The chief editor is Børge Strandskog, who has served since 1996. The newspaper is published in Bokmål with a part in Lule Sami on Fridays. The Lule Sámi material first started publication in January 2003.

A test issue of Lokalavisa NordSalten was produced on May 27, 1982. The issue included a section in Lule Sami written by Sven-Roald Nystø. Another test issue was published in 1983, and then the paper appeared regularly starting in 1984 until it went bankrupt in October 1985.

Salten
Salten is a traditional district in Nordland county, Norway. It includes the municipalities of Gildeskål, Bodø, Beiarn, Saltdal, Fauske, Sørfold, Steigen, and Hamarøy. Salten covers an area of about 9,354 square kilometres (3,612 sq mi) and has a population (2016) of about 73,375 people.

The district borders Helgeland in the south (see Saltfjellet), Ofoten in the north, Sweden in the east, and Vestfjorden (and Lofoten) in the west. The geology in Salten is known in Norway for having the country's largest areas with marble. There are many fjords, and mountains often reaching to the sea. The town of Bodø is the main population center of the district, while the town of Fauske is a secondary center.