hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chaudhary Digambar Singh
Chaudhary Digambar Singh (9 June 1913 – 10 December 1995) was an Indian politician from the state of Uttar Pradesh. He was Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha from Mathura. He was elected to the 3rd, 4th, and 7th Lok Sabha. He was affiliated with the Indian National Congress, and Janata Party (Secular).

3rd Lok Sabha
The 3rd Lok Sabha, (2 April 1962 – 3 March 1967) was elected in February–March 1962. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. The election was held for 494 seats out of which Indian national congress won 361 seats. 14 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 3rd Lok Sabha after the 1962 Indian general election.

Jawaharlal Nehru was Prime Minister as in 1st Lok Sabha and 2nd Lok Sabha, till his death on 27 May 1964.

Gulzarilal Nanda became acting Prime Minister for 13 days, before Lal Bahadur Shastri became Prime Minister on 9 June 1964. After Shastri's death on 11 January 1966, Nanda became acting Prime Minister again for 13 days. Later Indira Gandhi, Rajya Sabha member from Uttar Pradesh became Prime Minister on 24 January 1966.

The next 4th Lok Sabha was constituted on 4 March 1967 after 1967 Indian general election.
Pujaudran
Pujaudran (French pronunciation: [pyʒodʁɑ̃]) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France. Historically and culturally, the commune is in the Savès, a small Gascon province corresponding to the middle course of the Save.

Exposed to a modified oceanic climate, it is drained by the Rémoulin River, the Saint-Blaise stream, the Paradis stream, and several other small waterways. The town's natural heritage consists of two natural areas of ecological, faunal, and floral interest. Part of the Forêt de Bouconne lies within the town's boundaries.

Pujaudran is a rural town with a population of 1,708 in 2022, having experienced significant growth since 1968. It is part of the greater Toulouse area.

L'Isle-Jourdain, Gers
L'Isle-Jourdain (French pronunciation: [lil ʒuʁdɛ̃]; Occitan: L'Isla de Baish, [ˈlizlɔ ðe ˈβaʃ]; Catalan: Illa Jordà or L'Illa de Baix) is a commune in the Gers department, Occitania, Southwestern France. The lexicographers Claude (1854–1924) and Paul Augé (1881–1951) were born in L'isle-Jourdain as was the writer Armand Praviel (1875–1944).
2011–12 PlusLiga
The 2011–12 PlusLiga was the 76th season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 12th season as a professional league organized by the Professional Volleyball League SA (Polish: Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej SA) under the supervision of the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej).

Asseco Resovia won their 5th title of the Polish Champions, the first title since 1975.

PlusLiga
The PlusLiga is the highest level of men's volleyball in Poland, a professional league competition featuring volleyball clubs located in this country. It is overseen by Polska Liga Siatkówki SA (PLS SA). It is currently a 14 teams league from October to April/May. The regular season is followed by playoffs, with the winner earning the Polish Championship (Polish: Mistrzostwo Polski). It is one of the best volleyball leagues in Europe, being highly ranked in the international competitions.

The league in its current form was founded in 2000 and was originally known as Polska Liga Siatkówki (Polish Volleyball League). Since 2008 it is named PlusLiga after a mobile phone network brand, Plus.
Disappearance of Joan Lawrence
Joan Lawrence (1921–1998) was an elderly Huntsville, Ontario woman who went missing in 1998. Her disappearance led the Ontario Provincial Police to discover that three other seniors—John Semple, 90, John Crofts, 71, and Ralph Grant, 70—were also missing, presumed murdered. Though Lawrence lived a solitary life, and was known locally as the "Cat Lady," she had previously worked as a poet and journalist, and was in the process of reporting her landlords for "frauds, theft, mistreatment and neglect" at the time of her disappearance.

Huntsville, Ontario
Huntsville is a town in the District Municipality of Muskoka, Ontario, Canada. It is located 215 kilometres (134 mi) north of Toronto and 130 kilometres (81 mi) south of North Bay. Of the three major Muskoka towns (the others being Gravenhurst and Bracebridge), Huntsville has the largest population (21,147 per 2021 census) and land area (710.64 square kilometres (274.38 sq mi)).

Huntsville is located in the hilly terrain of the Canadian Shield and is dotted with many lakes. Due to its natural environment and natural resources, Huntsville is a tourist destination that draws many people from around the world. The Toronto Star ranked the town the #1 place to take a summer trip in 2011.

Huntsville serves as the western gateway to Algonquin Provincial Park via Ontario Highway 60 and was the host to the 36th G8 summit in June 2010, at Deerhurst Resort.
2021–22 Étoile Sportive du Sahel season
In the 2021–22 season, Étoile Sportive du Sahel is competing in the Ligue 1 for the 67th season, as well as the Tunisian Cup.  It is their 67th consecutive season in the top flight of Tunisian football. They are competing in Ligue 1, the Champions League and the Tunisian Cup. On February 17, The Tunisian Ministry of Sports announced in an official statement, the resumption of the local football league competition in the presence of the fans after a long absence that extended over the past two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia, which imposed the holding of competitions behind closed doors, The new procedures apply to the competitions of the opening round of the second leg of the Ligue Professionnelle 1, with 50% distributed among the fans of the two teams.

COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia
The COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia was a part of the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was confirmed to have reached Tunisia on 2 March 2020.
Outer plexiform layer
The outer plexiform layer (external plexiform layer) is a layer of neuronal synapses in the retina of the eye. It consists of a dense network of synapses between dendrites of horizontal cells from the inner nuclear layer, and photoreceptor cell inner segments from the outer nuclear layer. It is much thinner than the inner plexiform layer, where amacrine cells synapse with retinal ganglion cells.

The synapses in the outer plexiform layer are between the rod cell endings or cone cell branched foot plates and horizontal cells. Unlike in most systems, rod and cone cells release neurotransmitters when not receiving a light signal.

Outer nuclear layer
The outer nuclear layer (or layer of outer granules or external nuclear layer), is one of the layers of the vertebrate retina, the light-detecting portion of the eye. Like the inner nuclear layer, the outer nuclear layer contains several strata of oval nuclear bodies; they are of two kinds, viz.: rod and cone granules, so named on account of their being respectively connected with the rods and cones of the next layer.
Gardner C. Turner
Gardner C. Turner (March 3, 1910 – January 23, 1970) was an American attorney and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1947 to 1951 and as attorney general of New Hampshire in 1961.

New Hampshire Attorney General
The attorney general of New Hampshire is a constitutional officer of the U.S. state of New Hampshire who serves as head of the New Hampshire Department of Justice. As of April 22, 2021, the state's attorney general is John Formella.
JP-2266
JP-2266 is a small-molecule SGLT1/2 dual inhibitor that is designed to help patients with diabetes. It was tested as an adjunct to insulin in type 1 diabetes and also in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is reported to be a better drug candidate than sotagliflozin.

Sotagliflozin
Sotagliflozin, sold under the brand name Inpefa among others, is a medication used to reduce the risk of death due to heart failure. It is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor). It is taken by mouth.

The most common adverse reactions include urinary tract infection, volume depletion, diarrhea, and hypoglycemia.

Sotagliflozin was approved for medical use in the European Union in April 2019, as Zynquista, for the treatment for type 1 diabetes, and in the United States in May 2023, to reduce the risk of death due to heart failure. The marketing authorization for sotagliflozin was withdrawn in the EU in August 2022, at the request of the marketing-authorization holder.
Sonu Murmu
Sonu Murmu is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Janamat Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the indigenous people category.

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
Tolerance relation
In universal algebra and lattice theory, a tolerance relation on an algebraic structure is a reflexive symmetric relation that is compatible with all operations of the structure. Thus a tolerance is like a congruence, except that the assumption of transitivity is dropped. On a set, an algebraic structure with empty family of operations, tolerance relations are simply reflexive symmetric relations. A set that possesses a tolerance relation can be described as a tolerance space. Tolerance relations provide a convenient general tool for studying indiscernibility/indistinguishability phenomena. The importance of those for mathematics had been first recognized by Poincaré.

Cover (topology)
In mathematics, and more particularly in set theory, a cover (or covering) of a set  is a family of subsets of  whose union is all of . More formally, if  is an indexed family of subsets  (indexed by the set ), then  is a cover of  if

Thus the collection  is a cover of  if each element of  belongs to at least one of the subsets .
Secondary poisoning
Secondary poisoning, or relay toxicity, is the poisoning that results when one organism comes into contact with or ingests another organism that has poison in its system.  It typically occurs when a predator eats an animal, such as a mouse, rat, or insect, that has previously been poisoned by a commercial pesticide. If the level of toxicity in the prey animal is sufficiently high, it will harm the predator.

Mammals susceptible to secondary poisoning include humans, pets such as cats and dogs, as well as wild birds.

Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.
Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Gmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 200.23 square kilometres (77.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596).

Jarocin County
Jarocin County (Polish: powiat jarociński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jarocin, which lies 63 kilometres (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The only other town in the county is Żerków, lying 12 km (7 mi) north of Jarocin.

The county covers an area of 587.7 square kilometres (226.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 70,390, out of which the population of Jarocin is 25,834, that of Żerków is 2,058, and the rural population is 42,498.
Gmina Dąbrowa Biskupia
Gmina Dąbrowa Biskupia is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Dąbrowa Biskupia, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Inowrocław and 29 km (18 mi) south of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 147.44 square kilometres (56.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 5,190.

Inowrocław County
Inowrocław County (Polish: powiat inowrocławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Inowrocław, which lies 36 km (22 mi) south-west of Toruń and 40 km (25 mi) south-east of Bydgoszcz. The county contains four other towns: Kruszwica, lying 14 km (9 mi) south of Inowrocław, Janikowo, lying 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Inowrocław, Gniewkowo, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Inowrocław, and Pakość, 13 km (8 mi) west of Inowrocław.

The county covers an area of 1,224.94 square kilometres (473.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 165,237, out of which the population of Inowrocław is 72,786, that of Kruszwica is 8,809, that of Janikowo is 8,745, that of Gniewkowo is 7,110, that of Pakość is 5,706, and the rural population is 57,060.
Nowa Dąbrowa, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Nowa Dąbrowa [ˈnɔva dɔmˈbrɔva] (German: Neu Damerow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stara Dąbrowa, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Stara Dąbrowa, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Stargard, and 39 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 320.

Stara Dąbrowa, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Stara Dąbrowa [ˈstara dɔmˈbrɔva], (German Alt Damerow) is a village in Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Stara Dąbrowa. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Stargard and 38 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 618.
Iron (political party, 2023)
Iron (Ossetian: Ирон), officially, the Republican Socialist Party "Iron" (Ossetian: Республикон социалистон парти «Ирон») is a political party in the small Caucasian republic of South Ossetia, formed after the release of Georgiy Kabisov from prison. Kabisov, a vocal pro-Russian politician who was arrested on the charge of running an espionage ring to gather blackmail on members of the South Ossetian parliament, announced that he was going to be creating a political party named Iron, in reference to an earlier 2010 party of the same name, which in turn is a reference to the Iron dialect of Ossetian, as a new South Ossetian opposition party.

Ossetian language
Ossetian (/ɒˈsɛtiən/ o-SET-ee-ən, /ɒˈsiːʃən/ o-SEE-shən, /oʊˈsiːʃən/ oh-SEE-shən), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete, is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Russian-Georgian border in the Greater Caucasus region. It is the native language of the Ossetian people, and a relative and possibly a descendant of the extinct Scythian, Sarmatian, and Alanic languages.

The northern half of the Ossetian region is part of Russia and is known as North Ossetia–Alania, while the southern half is part of the de facto country of South Ossetia (recognized by the United Nations as Russian-occupied territory that is de jure part of Georgia). Ossetian-speakers number about 614,350, with 451,000 recorded in Russia per the 2010 Russian census.

Despite Ossetian being the official languages of both North and South Ossetia, since 2009 UNESCO has listed Ossetian as "vulnerable".
Holy Olav Chapel
Holy Olav Chapel (Norwegian: Hellige Olav kapell) is a chapel of the Russian Orthodox Church situated at Stiklestad in Verdal Municipality, Norway. It is situated at the historical memorial complex of Stiklestad and inaugurated in honor of Olav II, also known as Saint Olav and Holy Olav, who fell in the Battle of Stiklestad at the site in 1030. The log building belongs to the Holy Olga Russian Orthodox Congregation in Oslo.

The structure originated as an 18th-century granary on a farm in Folldal Municipality. It was rebuilt by the owner Jonah Føien in 2003 and inaugurated as a chapel. In this process it received an extension for the altar. The chapel was relocated to Stiklestad in 2013. It was reinaugurated on 16 October 2014. The site also features two other churches, Stiklestad Church of the Lutheran Church of Norway, and the Catholic St. Olav's Chapel.

Battle of Stiklestad
The Battle of Stiklestad (Norwegian: Slaget på Stiklestad; Old Norse: Stiklarstaðir) in 1030 is one of the most famous battles in the history of Norway. In this battle, King Olaf II of Norway (Óláfr Haraldsson) was killed. During the pontificate of Pope Alexander III, the Roman Catholic Church declared Olaf a saint in 1164.

His younger half-brother, Harald Hardrada (Haraldr Haraldsson harðráði), was also present at the battle. Harald was only fifteen when the battle of Stiklestad took place. He became King of Norway in 1047, until his death in a failed invasion of England at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066.
Broadway, County Wexford
Broadway (Irish: Gráinseach Iúir) is a small village in the townland of Grange in southeast County Wexford, Ireland, around 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Rosslare Strand. The village contains a primary school.

Rosslare Strand
Rosslare Strand, or simply Rosslare (Irish: Ros Láir, meaning 'middle promontory' or 'middle wood'), is a village and seaside resort in County Wexford, Ireland. The name Rosslare Strand is used to distinguish it from the nearby community of Rosslare Harbour, site of the Rosslare Europort.
Nelson Leafs
The Nelson Leafs are a Junior 'A' ice hockey team based in Nelson, British Columbia, Canada. They are members of the Neil Murdoch Division of the Kootenay Conference of the Kootenay International Junior Hockey League (KIJHL). They play their home games at Nelson and District Community Complex.

Nelson, British Columbia
Nelson is a city in British Columbia, Canada. The city contains heritage buildings constructed during the regional silver rush of 1886. Along with Castlegar and Trail, Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region. The city is the seat of the Regional District of Central Kootenay. It is represented in the provincial legislature by the riding of Nelson-Creston, and in the Parliament of Canada by the riding of Columbia-Kootenay-Southern Rockies.
Storage pest
A storage pest is an insect or other animal that damages or destroys stored food or other valuable organic matter. Insects make up a large proportion of storage pests, with each type of crop having specific insects that gravitate towards them. For example, insects of the genus Tribolium, such as Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) or Tribolium confusum (confused flour beetle), primarily damage flour crops.

Confused flour beetle
The confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum), a type of darkling beetle known as a flour beetle, is a globally found, common pest insect known for attacking and infesting stored flour and grain. They are one of the most common and most destructive insect pests for grain and other food products stored in silos, warehouses, grocery stores, and homes. They engage in cannibalistic behaviors for population control and nutritional benefits. Tribolium confusum practices kin selection to improve individual fitness. Multiple chemicals have been used to manage their infestation, including pyrethrin and fungal insecticides.

The "confused" in the beetle's name is due to it being confused with the red flour beetle, not because of its walking pattern.
Musina Glacier
Musina Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Мусина, romanized: lednik Musina, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈmusinɐ]) is the 7 km long and 3.5 km wide glacier on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land in Antarctica situated south of Green Glacier and north of Evans Glacier.  Draining eastwards between the two principal branches of Rugate Ridge to flow into Vaughan Inlet, Weddell Sea.

The feature is named after the settlement of Musina in northern Bulgaria.

Evans Glacier (Graham Land)
Evans Glacier (65°5′S 61°40′W﻿ / ﻿65.083°S 61.667°W﻿ / -65.083; -61.667) is a gently-sloping glacier 15 nautical miles (28 km) long and 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide, draining the southeast slopes of Travnik Buttress eastwards between Rugate Ridge and Poibrene Heights to flow into Vaughan Inlet on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by Sir Hubert Wilkins in an aerial flight, December 20, 1928, and named "Evans Inlet" by him for E.S. Evans of Detroit. A further survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1955 reported that this low-lying area is not an inlet, but is formed by the lower reaches of Hektoria Glacier and the feature now described.
Inouchi Inarizuka Kofun
Inouchi Inarizuka Kofun   (井ノ内稲荷塚古墳)  is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Inouchi neighborhood of Nagaokakyō, Kyoto in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan as a component of the Otokuni Kofun Cluster in 2016. The artifacts excavated from this kofun are designated Nagaokakyo City Tangible Cultural Properties.

Nagaokakyō, Kyoto
Nagaokakyō (長岡京市, Nagaokakyō-shi) is a city located in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 September 2023, the city has an estimated population of 82,279 in 37718 households and a population density of 4700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 19.17 square kilometres (7.40 sq mi).
The Woodland Mass
"The Woodland Mass" or "The Mass of the Grove" (Welsh: Offeren y Llwyn) is a poem in the form of a cywydd by the 14th-century bard Dafydd ap Gwilym, widely seen as the greatest of the Welsh poets.  It is one of his most popular works.  Sometimes seen as blasphemous, it presents a woodland scene in which a thrush, sent by the poet's lover, and a nightingale officiate at a Mass celebrating both God and sexual love.  "The Woodland Mass" is an example of a common type of medieval Welsh poem in which some bird or beast is used as a llatai or love-messenger, though this poem is unusual in that the message is sent to Dafydd rather than by him.

Rachel Bromwich
Rachel Bromwich (30 July 1915 – 15 December 2010), born Rachel Sheldon Amos, was a British scholar. Her focus was on medieval Welsh literature, and she taught Celtic Languages and Literature in the Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at the University of Cambridge, from 1945 to 1976. Among her most important contributions to the study of Welsh literature is Trioedd Ynys Prydein, her edition of the Welsh Triads.