hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MacChoro
MacChoro (pronounced MacKoro) was a computer program for choropleth mapping developed for early versions of the Apple Macintosh computer.  A choropleth map shades areas, such as states or counties, to represent values and is mainly used for the mapping of statistical data.  Released in 1986, MacChoro was the first computer mapping program to implement Macintosh's point-and-click user interface for the analysis and production of thematic maps. MacChoro II, released in 1988, was the first program to incorporate interaction in animated mapping.

Animated mapping
Animated mapping is the application of animation, either a computer or video, to add a temporal component to a map displaying change in some dimension. Most commonly the change is shown over time, generally at a greatly changed scale (either much faster than real-time or much slower). An example would be the animation produced after the 2004 tsunami showing how the waves spread across the Indian Ocean.
Denis Bernard (British Army officer)
Lieutenant-General Sir Denis John Charles Kirwan Bernard, KCB, CMG, DSO (22 October 1882 – 25 August 1956) was a British Army officer who commanded the 3rd Infantry Division shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War. He was also Governor of Bermuda and General Officer Commanding the Bermuda Garrison.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
2010 Saskatchewan Huskies football team
The 2010 Saskatchewan Huskies football team represented the University of Saskatchewan in the 2010 CIS university football season. They played their home games at Griffiths Stadium in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The team had lost to the Calgary Dinos in the 2009 Canada West Final, in the previous season.

Griffiths Stadium
Griffiths Stadium is a stadium located on the grounds of the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The current stadium was opened on June 23, 1967, to host the Saskatchewan Huskies football team. There was previously a Griffiths Stadium 200 metres to the east of the current location, which operated from 1936 until the new site was opened.

The Saskatchewan Huskies football team of the U Sports Canada West Universities Athletic Association are the primary tenant of the facility. It also frequently hosts the Saskatoon Valkyries of the Western Women's Canadian Football League, most recently the 2023 WWCFL Championship Final. It has previously been used by the Saskatoon Hilltops of the Canadian Junior Football League, along with various soccer teams. Griffiths Stadium hosted the 2004 and 2005 Mitchell Bowl games, the 1998 and 1989 Churchill Bowls, as well as numerous Hardy Trophy games.
1982 Japan Series
The 1982 Japan Series was the championship series of Nippon Professional Baseball for the 1982 season. The 33rd edition of the Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff that matched the Central League champion Chunichi Dragons against the Pacific League champion Seibu Lions. The Lions defeated the Dragons in six games to win their fourth championship in team history, and first championship since 1958. This was also the Lions' first title since moving from Fukuoka to Saitama in 1979. This was the last time the Pacific League had held a playoff system to determine their champion that saw the first place team (with no split-season) reaching the Japan Series automatically until 2004.

Lions manager Tatsuro Hirooka, who previously led the Yakult Swallows to the 1978 championship, became the third (and so far last) manager to win championships with multiple teams.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.
Yang Se-bong
Yang Se-bong (Korean: 양세봉; June 5, 1896 – August 12, 1934) was a Korean independence activist and the commander-in-chief of the Korean Revolutionary Army of the National People's Prefecture, during the Japanese colonial period. General Yang Se-bong has joined several independence organization training and leading resistance fighters against the Japanese military and police in Manchuria and Korea. Yang Se-bong was a leader who was transcendent, who warmly embraced the mistakes of his subordinates and did not criticize them under any circumstances. Yang posthumously received the recipient of the Order of Merit for National Foundation.

North Pyongan Province
North Pyongan Province (also spelled North P'yŏngan; Korean: 평안북도; MR: Phyŏnganbukto; IPA: [pʰjʌŋanbuk̚t͈o]) is a western province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former P'yŏng'an Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Sinŭiju. In 2002, Sinŭiju Special Administrative Region—near the city of Sinuiju—was established as a separately governed Special Administrative Region.
Kaveh Akbar
Kaveh Akbar (born January 15, 1989; Persian: کاوه اکبر) is an Iranian-American poet, novelist, and editor. He is the author of the poetry collections Calling a Wolf a Wolf and Pilgrim Bell and of the novel Martyr!, a New York Times bestseller and National Book Award finalist.

Akbar is director of the University of Iowa's undergraduate creative writing program. He is the founder of Divedapper and Poetry Editor of The Nation. In 2018, NPR called him "poetry's biggest cheerleader". In 2024, he received a Guggenheim Fellowship and Time magazine put him on its TIME100 Next List.

Ploughshares
Ploughshares is an American literary journal established in 1971 by DeWitt Henry and Peter O'Malley in The Plough and Stars, an Irish pub in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Since 1989, Ploughshares has been based at Emerson College in Boston. Ploughshares publishes issues four times a year, two of which are guest-edited by a prominent writer who explores personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles. Guest editors have been the recipients of Nobel and Pulitzer prizes, National Book Awards, MacArthur and Guggenheim fellowships, and numerous other honors. Ploughshares also publishes longform stories and essays, known as Ploughshares Solos (collected in the journal's fall issue and published separately as e-books), all of which are edited by the editor-in-chief, Ladette Randolph, and a literary blog, launched in 2009, which publishes critical and personal essays, interviews, and book reviews.
2012 Canadian Grand Prix
The 2012 Canadian Grand Prix (formally the Formula 1 Grand Prix du Canada 2012) was a Formula One motor race that took place on 10 June 2012 at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The 70-lap race was the seventh round of the 2012 Formula One season, and the first of two North American rounds. It was the 49th Canadian Grand Prix, and the 33rd to be held at the circuit since its début on the calendar in 1978. Sebastian Vettel started the race from pole.

Lewis Hamilton went on to win his first race of the year, becoming the seventh different driver to win in as many races, a record for a single Formula One season. The podium was completed by Lotus' Romain Grosjean and Sergio Pérez of Sauber, with both drivers scoring their second overall podium each thus far.

Circuit Gilles Villeneuve
The Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, also spelled Circuit Gilles-Villeneuve (French pronunciation: [siʁ.kɥi ʒil vilnœv]), is a 4.361 km (2.710 mi) motor racing circuit on Notre Dame Island in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is the venue for the FIA Formula One Canadian Grand Prix. It has previously hosted the World Sportscar Championship, the Champ Car World Series (Grand Prix of Montreal), the NASCAR Pinty’s Series, the NASCAR Nationwide Series (NAPA Auto Parts 200), and the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series.
Colaba State
Colaba State, also known as Culaba State or Angria's Colaba was a Kingdom and later princely state in India. It was founded by the famous Maratha Navy admiral Kanhoji Angre in 1698. The ruling family of the state, the Angre, were skilled seafarers who controlled the western coast of India from the late 17th century- to the first half of the 18th century, until the Maratha Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao destroyed the major portion of their navy in the Battle of Vijaydurg.

Company rule in India
Company rule in India (sometimes also Company Raj, from Hindi rāj, lit. 'rule') was the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal Siraj ud-Daulah was defeated and replaced with Mir Jafar, who had the support of the East India Company; or in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar; or in 1773, when the Company abolished local rule (Nizamat) in Bengal and established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General of Fort William, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance.

The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Government of India Act 1858, the India Office of the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.
Synthetic seismogram
A synthetic seismogram is the result of forward modelling the seismic response of an input earth model, which is defined in terms of 1D, 2D, or 3D variations in physical properties. In hydrocarbon exploration, this is used to provide a 'tie' between changes in rock properties in a borehole and seismic reflection data at the same location. It can also be used either to test possible interpretation models for 2D and 3D seismic data or to model the response of the predicted geology as an aid to planning a seismic reflection survey. In the processing of wide-angle reflection and refraction (WARR) data, synthetic seismograms are used to further constrain the results of seismic tomography. In earthquake seismology, synthetic seismograms are used either to match the predicted effects of a particular earthquake source fault model with observed seismometer records or to help constrain the Earth's velocity structure. Synthetic seismograms are generated using specialized geophysical software.

Focal mechanism
The focal mechanism of an earthquake describes the deformation in the source region that generates the seismic waves. In the case of a fault-related event, it refers to the orientation of the fault plane that slipped, and the slip vector and is also known as a fault-plane solution. Focal mechanisms are derived from a solution of the moment tensor for the earthquake, which itself is estimated by an analysis of observed seismic waveforms. The focal mechanism can be derived from observing the pattern of "first motions", whether the first arriving P waves break up or down. This method was used before waveforms were recorded and analysed digitally, and this method is still used for earthquakes too small for easy moment tensor solution. Focal mechanisms are now mainly derived using semi-automatic analysis of the recorded waveforms.
Katrin Müller
Katrin Müller (born (1989-03-31)March 31, 1989) is a Swiss freestyle skier, specializing in ski cross.

Müller competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Switzerland. She placed 9th in the qualifying round in ski cross, to advance to the knockout stages. She failed to finish her first round heat, and did not advance.

As of April 2013, her best finish at the World Championships is 14th, in 2011.

Müller made her World Cup debut in January 2008. As of April 2013, she has one World Cup victory, coming at Bischofswiesen in 2011/12. Her best World Cup overall finish in ski cross is 3rd, in 2011/12.

2011–12 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup
The 2011/12 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the thirty third World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 9 December 2011 and ended on 18 March 2012. This season included five disciplines: moguls, aerials, ski cross, halfpipe and slopestyle.
Spartans (Greek political party)
Spartans (Greek: Σπαρτιάτες, romanized: Spartiátes) is a far-right political party in Greece, founded in 2017 by Vasilis Stigkas. It has strong connections with the neo-nazi and criminal organization Golden Dawn.

On 12 June 2025, the party lost its parliamentary presence after its MPs were reduced to two, following a decision by the Electoral Court to declare the election of three out of the total five MPs that made up the parliamentary group invalid.

May 2023 Greek parliamentary election
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 21 May 2023. All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament were contested. They were the first elections since 1990 not to be held under a bonus seats system, due to amendments to the electoral law made in 2016. Instead, a purely proportional system was used.

The New Democracy of Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis achieved victory, winning a plurality. As the election did not result in any party gaining a majority, and no coalition government was formed by any of the parties eligible to do so, Mitsotakis called for another snap election in June. On 24 May 2023, as required by Greece's constitution, President Katerina Sakellaropoulou appointed Ioannis Sarmas to be the caretaker prime minister for the interim.
Grande Coulée Mountain
The montagne Grande Coulée (in English: Grande Coulée Mountain) is a mountain located at Saint-Paul-de-Montminy, in the Montmagny Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec, in Canada.

This mountain housed the Grande Coulée ski resort, an alpine ski center which was closed in 1999, and is now part of Appalachian Regional Park. It rises to 853 meters above sea level.

Montmagny Regional County Municipality
Montmagny (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃maɲi] ⓘ) is a regional county municipality (RCM) in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. Montmagny is the seat. Its neighbouring RCMs are Bellechasse, Les Etchemins, and L'Islet.

This area was named after Charles de Montmagny, a governor of New France.
2015 Aegon Championships
The 2015 Aegon Championships, also known traditionally as the Queen's Club Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 113th edition of those championships and was part of the ATP World Tour 500 series of the 2015 ATP World Tour, upgraded from a 250 series event for the first time. It took place at the Queen's Club in London, United Kingdom between 15 June and 21 June 2015.

Despite the elevated status of the event from an ATP 250 to an ATP 500 series event, the draw featured one round less for the first time in its history, meaning reduced numbers of players in the draw. However, there were no byes into the second round for any of the higher-ranked players, as there were previously.

First-seeded Andy Murray won the singles title.

Queen's Club Championships
The Queen's Club Championships is an annual tournament for men's and women’s tennis, held on grass courts at the Queen's Club in West Kensington, London. The event is part of the ATP Tour 500 series on the ATP Tour as well as the WTA 500 series on the WTA Tour (starting in 2025). Since 2025, it is advertised as the "HSBC Championships" after its title sponsor.
Queen's is one of the oldest tennis tournaments in the world, and serves as a grass court warm-up for Wimbledon.

Andy Murray won a record five singles titles between 2009 and 2016, and a record six championships in total (including one doubles title in 2019).
Self-Government Guiding Board
The Self-Government Guiding Board (Japanese: 自治指導部) was organized by the Imperial Japanese Army,  in Mukden during the last half of September 1931 following the Mukden Incident and Invasion of Manchuria. The purpose of the Board was to start an independence movement and spread it throughout Manchuria. Colonel Seishirō Itagaki was in charge of the Staff Section having supervision over the Board; and Colonel Kenji Doihara, as head of the Special Service Office, supplied the Board with all necessary confidential information regarding the Chinese.  Although the chairman of the Board was Chinese, approximately 90 per cent of the personnel employed by the Board were Japanese residents in Manchuria.

Mukden incident
The Mukden incident was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

On September 18, 1931, Lieutenant Suemori Kawamoto of the Independent Garrison Unit of the 29th Japanese Infantry Regiment detonated a small quantity of dynamite close to a railway line owned by Japan's South Manchuria Railway near Mukden (now Shenyang). The explosion was so weak that it failed to destroy the track, and a train passed over it minutes later. The Imperial Japanese Army accused Chinese dissidents of the act and responded with a full invasion that led to the occupation of Manchuria, in which Japan established its puppet state of Manchukuo five months later.
Steiner point (triangle)
In triangle geometry, the Steiner point is a particular point associated with a triangle.  It is a triangle center and it is designated as the center X(99) in Clark Kimberling's Encyclopedia of Triangle Centers. Jakob Steiner (1796–1863), Swiss mathematician, described this point in 1826. The point was given Steiner's name by Joseph Neuberg in 1886.

Lemoine point
In geometry, the Lemoine point, Grebe point or symmedian point is the intersection of the three symmedians (medians reflected at the associated angle bisectors) of a triangle. In other words, it is the isogonal conjugate of the centroid of a triangle.

Ross Honsberger called its existence "one of the crown jewels of modern geometry".

In the Encyclopedia of Triangle Centers the symmedian point appears as the sixth point, X(6). For a non-equilateral triangle, it lies in the open orthocentroidal disk punctured at its own center, and could be any point therein.
Paroi–Senawang–KLIA–Salak Tinggi Expressway
The Paroi–Senawang–KLIA Expressway (PSKE) is a proposed expressway in Negeri Sembilan and Selangor states, Malaysia. It will link up the Seremban suburbs of Paroi and Senawang to Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). The 45 km (28 mi) expressway will be built to reduce traffic jam along the North–South Expressway Southern Route from Senawang to Nilai North.

North–South Expressway Southern Route
The North–South Expressway Southern Route (Malay: Lebuhraya Utara–Selatan Jajaran Selatan) is an interstate controlled-access highway running parallel to the southwestern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The expressway forms the south section of the North–South Expressway, connecting the states of Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca and Johor. It begins at Seri Kembangan, near the state/territory boundary between Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, and travels southwards to end at Pandan-Tebrau in Johor.

The expressway is the third longest in Peninsular Malaysia, after its northern counterpart and the East Coast Expressway.

The Kilometre Zero of the entire expressway is located at the Pandan Interchange with the Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway.
Neill Blomkamp
Neill Blomkamp (Afrikaans: [ˈnil ˈblɔmkamp]; born 16 May 1979) is a South African-born Canadian film director and screenwriter. He is best known as the co-writer and director of the science fiction action film District 9 (2009), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He also directed the dystopian science fiction action film Elysium (2013), the science fiction action film Chappie (2015), and the sports drama film Gran Turismo (2023). He is known for his collaborations with actor Sharlto Copley, who played the lead in District 9.

Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity
The Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity (formerly the International Advertising Festival) is a global event for those working in creative communications, advertising, and related fields. It is considered the largest gathering of the advertising and creative communications industry.

The five-day festival, incorporating the awarding of the Lions awards, is held yearly at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès in Cannes, France. During June, around 15,000 registered delegates from 90 countries visited the Festival. They celebrated the best of creativity in brand communication, discussed industry issues, and networked with one another. The week's activities include multiple award ceremonies, as well as an opening and closing gala.
786 Naval Air Squadron
786 Naval Air Squadron (786 NAS)  was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN) which last disbanded in late 1945, absorbed by 785 Naval Air Squadron. 786 NAS formed at HMS Jackdaw, RNAS Crail, in November 1940, as a Torpedo Bomber Reconnaissance squadron. It operated a few different types of torpedo bomber aircraft, initially equipped with Fairey Albacore and shortly afterwards joined by Fairey Swordfish, these aircraft were replaced by Fairey Barracuda at the end of 1942.

RNAS Crail
Royal Naval Air Station Crail (RNAS Crail, also known as HMS Jackdaw) is a former Royal Naval Air Station of the Fleet Air Arm located 4.9 miles (7.9 km) east of Anstruther, Fife and 8.8 miles (14.2 km) from St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.  It was home to a site of the Joint Services School for Linguists from 1956 to 1960.
Peta Scholz
Peta Scholz (born 17 January 1976), also known as Peta Squire, is a former Australia netball international. She was a member of the Australia teams that won the gold medals at the 1999 World Netball Championships and the 2002 Commonwealth Games and the silver medal at the 2003 World Netball Championships. Between 1997 and 2007, Scholz made 169 appearances for Adelaide Thunderbirds in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy league. She was a prominent member of the Thunderbirds teams that won five successive minor premierships between 1997 and 2001. 
She also played in six successive grand finals between 1997 and 2002, helping Thunderbirds win premierships in 1998 and 1999. In 2010 and 2011, Scholz played for Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic in the ANZ Championship.

2009 Taini Jamison Trophy Series
The 2009 Taini Jamison Trophy Series, also referred to as the New World Series,   was the second Taini Jamison Trophy series. It featured New Zealand playing a World 7 in a series of three netball test matches, played in August 2009. The World 7 won the opening test 48–44. They then went 2–0 up by winning the second test 53–44. This confirmed the World 7 as winners of the Taini Jamison Trophy. New Zealand won the third test 46–41 to see the series finish 2–1. The New Zealand team were coached by Ruth Aitken and captained by Casey Williams. The World 7 were coached by Julie Fitzgerald, captained by Natasha Chokljat and featured a selection of Australia, England, Jamaica and Samoa internationals.