hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adriana LaGrange
Adriana LaGrange ECA MLA (born 1961 or 1962) is a Canadian politician elected in the 2019 Alberta general election to represent the electoral district of Red Deer-North in the 30th Alberta Legislature. Originally from Ontario, LaGrange moved to Red Deer, Alberta in 1981. LaGrange was elected on April 16, 2019, and was appointed as the Minister of Education on April 30, 2019. In the 2019 Alberta general election, LaGrange won her constituency with a total of 12,739 votes based on a 62.6% voter turnout in Red Deer-North. After LaGrange's re-election as an MLA in 2023, she was appointed Minister of Health. On May 16, 2025, the Health portfolio was split, with LaGrange moving to Minister of Primary and Preventive Health Services.

Alberta Teachers' Association
The Alberta Teachers' Association (ATA) is the professional association for the teachers of Alberta, Canada. It represents all teachers and teacher administrators in all schools in Alberta's public, separate and francophone school divisions. It also represents teachers in some charter and private schools. There are currently 43,500 members of the ATA. It is affiliated with other teacher organizations in Canada through the Canadian Teachers' Federation.

The Alberta Teachers' Association, as the professional organization of teachers, promotes and advances public education, safeguards standards of professional practice and serves as the advocate for its members.
Void marriage
A void marriage is a marriage that is unlawful or invalid under the laws of the jurisdiction where it is entered.  A void marriage is invalid from its beginning, and is generally treated under the law as if it never existed and requires no formal action to terminate. In some jurisdictions a void marriage must still be terminated by annulment, or an annulment may be required to remove any legal impediment to a subsequent marriage. A marriage that is entered into in good faith, but that is later found to be void, may be recognized as a putative marriage and the spouses as putative spouses, with certain rights granted by statute or common law, notwithstanding that the marriage itself is void.

Void marriages are distinct from those marriages that can be canceled at the option of one of the parties, but otherwise remain valid. Such a marriage is voidable, meaning that it is subject to cancellation through annulment if contested in court.

Putative marriage
A putative marriage is an apparently valid marriage, entered into in good faith on the part of at least one of the partners, but that is legally invalid due to a technical impediment, such as a preexistent marriage on the part of one of the partners. Unlike someone in a common-law, statutory, or ceremonial marriage, a putative spouse is not legally married. Instead, a putative spouse believes themself to be married in good faith and is given legal rights as a result of this person's reliance upon this good-faith belief.

Putative marriages exist in both Catholic canon law and in various civil laws, though the rules may vary.  In some jurisdictions, putative marriages are a matter of case law rather than legislation. In many jurisdictions, under civil law, the marriage becomes valid if the impediment is removed.  If it is not removed, the innocent spouse, at least, is often entitled to the protections of a divorce for division of property and child custody.
Fujifilm FinePix HS20EXR
The Fujifilm FinePix HS20EXR or Fujifilm FinePix HS22EXR is a DSLR-styled digital superzoom bridge camera announced by Fujifilm on January 5, 2011. It is the first model in the Fujifilm FinePix HS line to use an EXR sensor.

Fujifilm FinePix HS
The Fujifilm FinePix HS is a series of bridge cameras that started in February 2010 with the HS10 model (also called HS11). The special feature of the HS cameras is the manual zoom that - otherwise common only with system cameras - allows a quick and precise change of the focal length but demands two-handed operation.
2023 Astana Open
The 2023 Astana Open was a professional men's tennis tournament to be held on indoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the Astana Open and part of the ATP Tour 250 Series of the 2023 ATP Tour (downgraded from ATP Tour 500 status in 2022).

2023 ATP Tour
The 2023 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2023 tennis season. The 2023 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the United Cup, the ATP 500 series, the ATP 250 series. Also included in the 2023 calendar were the Davis Cup (organised by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Laver Cup,  Hopman Cup (sanctioned by the ITF), none of which distributed ranking points. 2023 marked the return of the ATP tournaments in China after strict COVID-19 protocols in the country.
Geniculate ganglion
The geniculate ganglion (from Latin genu, for "knee") is a bilaterally paired special sense ganglion of the intermediate nerve component of the facial nerve (CN VII). It is situated within facial canal of the head.

It contains cell bodies of first-order unipolar sensory neurons which convey gustatory (taste) afferents from taste receptors of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue by way of the chorda tympani, and of the palate by way of the greater petrosal nerve, From the ganglion, the proximal fibres proceed to the gustatory (i.e. superior/rostral) part of the solitary nucleus where they synapse with second-order neurons.

Palate
The palate (/ˈpælɪt/) is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separated. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior, bony hard palate and the posterior, fleshy soft palate (or velum).
California Historical Landmarks in Merced County
This list includes properties and districts listed on the California Historical Landmark listing in Merced County, California. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view a Google map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
September 1939
World War II was the biggest and deadliest war in history, involving more than 30 countries. Sparked by the 1939 German invasion of Poland, the war dragged on for six bloody years until the Allies defeated the Axis powers of Germany, Japan and Italy in 1945. The principal belligerents were the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—China, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union (Russia), and France.

The following events occurred in September 1939:

Battle of Jarosław
The Battle of Jarosław (known as the Defence of Jarosław in Polish sources) took place between 10 and 11 September 1939 in the city of Jarosław on the San River. During the battle the Polish forces of General Stanisław Maczek successfully held the river crossings in the town for two days against the Nazi German Wehrmacht, which was enough time for the Polish 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade to cross the river and retreat further eastwards.
Allan Friedman
Allan Howard Friedman is the Guy L. Odom Professor of Neurological Surgery (neurosurgery) at Duke University Medical Center, specializing in tumor and vascular neurosurgery. He has been on the Duke faculty since 1981.

Friedman was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1949 and attended Purdue University, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1970. He earned  his medical degree from the University of Illinois in 1974.

He operated on Senator Edward Kennedy, journalist Robert Novak and author Reynolds Price.

Reynolds Price
Edward Reynolds Price (February 1, 1933 – January 20, 2011) was an American poet, novelist, dramatist, essayist and James B. Duke Professor of English at Duke University. Apart from English literature, Price had a lifelong interest in Biblical scholarship. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
Flag of the Organization of Turkic States
The flag of the Organization of Turkic States, formerly the flag of the Turkic Council, was adopted at its 2nd Summit, which took place in Bishkek on 23 August 2012 and officially raised on 12 October 2012.

The flag combines the symbols of the original four members: the light blue color of the flag of Kazakhstan, the sun of the flag of Kyrgyzstan, the star of the flag of Azerbaijan and the crescent of the Turkish flag.

On 6 November 2024, a new flag was proposed during Bishkek Summit. There are two proposed changes to the current flag. Proposed flag contains an eight-pointed Seljuk star, which is used in several emblems such as presidential standards of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, Ottoman State emblem. Second change is the straight sun beams to reflect the changes made to the Kyrgyz flag in 2023.

Flag of Turkey
The national flag of Turkey, officially the Turkish flag (Turkish: Türk bayrağı), features a white crescent and star in a red background on its emblem, based on the 18th-century flag of the Ottoman Empire. The flag is often called "the red flag" (al bayrak), and is referred to as "the red banner" (al sancak) in the Turkish national anthem. The measures, geometric proportions, and exact tone of red of the flag of Turkey were legally standardized with the Turkish Flag Law on 29 May 1936.
2014–15 Orlando Magic season
The 2014–15 Orlando Magic season was the 26th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Magic looked to improve on their 23–59 record the previous season where they had finished 5th in the Southeastern division and 13th in the Eastern Conference. While they did improve their record by two games, they still finished 5th and 13th in the division and conference, respectively.

2013–14 Orlando Magic season
The 2013–14 Orlando Magic season was the 25th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Magic improved upon their league-worst 20–62 record from the previous season, but not by much, finishing 23–59.
2008 Jordan Rally
The 2008 Jordan Rally was the fifth round of 2008 World Rally Championship season and the third gravel round of the championship and also the second round of the Junior World Rally Championship. The event began with a ceremonial start on Thursday, April 24 in Amman, Jordan, near the Dead Sea.

2008 World Rally Championship
The 2008 World Rally Championship was the 36th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of 15 rallies and began on 24 January, with the 2008 Monte Carlo Rally.
Frenchman Sébastien Loeb successfully retained the Drivers' World Championship, his and co-driver Daniel Elena's record-breaking fifth consecutive title, all of them attained driving Citroëns. In addition, Citroën secured their fourth Manufacturers' title, and their first since 2005, from 2006 and 2007 victors, Ford.
AN/ART-13
The AN/ART-13 was a radio transmitter manufactured by Collins Radio that found widespread use during and after World War II in military aircraft.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ART-13" designation represents the 13th design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for radio transmission equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Vintage amateur radio
Vintage amateur radio is a subset of amateur radio hobby where enthusiasts collect, restore, preserve, build, and operate amateur radio equipment from bygone years, such as those using vacuum tube technology. Popular modes of operation include speaking over amplitude modulation (AM), and communicating using Morse code through continuous wave (CW) radiotelegraphy. Some enthusiasts have interest in owning, restoring and operating vintage military and commercial radio equipment such as those from 1940s to 1960s. Some undertake to construct their own gear, known in ham slang as homebrewing, using vintage parts and designs. A number of amateur radio clubs and organizations sponsor contests, events, and swap meets that cater to this specialized aspect of the hobby.
Hyundai Motor America
Hyundai Motor America, doing business as Hyundai Motor North America is the operating subsidiary that oversees all operations of Hyundai Motor Company in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Along with Hyundai's USA manufacturing plant in Montgomery, Alabama called Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama, Hyundai has total of 19 manufacturing plants globally. It has a plant in Ellabell, Georgia, which it is currently expanding. Its operations include research and development, manufacturing, sales, marketing, after sales and corporate functions, which are controlled by HMA but sometimes executed by other subsidiaries and holding companies. The company is headquartered in Fountain Valley, California.

Hyundai Genesis Coupe
The Hyundai Genesis Coupe is a rear-wheel drive sports coupe from Hyundai Motor Company, first released on October 13, 2008, for the Korean market. It is Hyundai's first rear-wheel drive sports coupe, and shares its basic platform with the Hyundai Genesis luxury sedan.

The Genesis Coupe arrived in United States dealerships on February 26, 2009, as a 2010 model. Hyundai USA acting president and CEO John Krafcik described the Genesis Coupe as being designed "...to deliver a driving experience that challenges cars like the Infiniti G37."

With the launch of Genesis Motors as a standalone luxury brand, the Hyundai Genesis Coupe remained branded as a Hyundai and eventually was discontinued in 2016.
1949 Livingston State Tigers football team
The 1949 Livingston State Tigers football team represented Livingston State Teachers College—now known as the University of West Alabama—as a member of the Alabama Intercollegiate Conference (AIC) during the 1949 college football season. The Tigers compiled an overall record of 7–2–1 with a mark of 3–0–1 in conference play, sharing the AIC title with Troy State. Livingston State was in invited to the Paper Bowl, where the Tigers lost to Jacksonville State, a fellow member of the AIC that they had defeated during the regular season. The team played home games at McConnell Field in Livingston, Alabama.

Livingston State began the season under first-year head coach George Darrow, who died of a heart attack on September 25, a day after the second game of the season. Vaughn Mancha, who had served as the team's line coach, succeed Darrow as head coach.

1949 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team
The 1949 Jacksonville State Gamecocks football team represented Jacksonville State Teachers College (now known as Jacksonville State University) as a member of the Alabama Intercollegiate Conference (AIC) during the 1949 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Don Salls, the Gamecocks compiled an overall record of 6–3 with a mark of 3–2 in conference play, placing third in the AIC.
Padshah Begum
Padshah Begum (Persian: پادشاه بیگم) was a superlative imperial title conferred upon the empress consort of the Mughal Empire and was considered to be the most important title in the Mughal harem or zenana. This title can be equivalent with "empress" in English, but in only approximate terms in the Mughal context.

Title
A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify their generation, official position, military rank, professional or academic qualification, or nobility. In some languages, titles may be inserted between the first and last name (for example, Graf in German or clerical titles such as Cardinal in Catholic usage – Richard Cardinal Cushing). Some titles are hereditary.
Woodsetts
Woodsetts is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham in South Yorkshire, England, on the border with Nottinghamshire. It lies between the towns of Dinnington and Worksop at an elevation of around 60 metres above sea level, and has a population of 1,746 at the 2011 Census. The village originated as a medieval farming hamlet, the name Woodsetts was first recorded in 1220, but there is evidence of human settlement in the area from 80BC. The village grew rapidly in the late 19th century when a colliery was sunk at Dinnington. Woodsetts now serves as a commuter base for travellers between nearby towns.

Dinnington, South Yorkshire
Dinnington is a town in the civil parish of Dinnington St John's, in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, in South Yorkshire, England. It is near to the towns of Worksop and Rotherham and cities of Sheffield and Doncaster.

Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Dinnington is the principal settlement in the civil parish of Dinnington St John's, which also includes the small satellite hamlets of Throapham and St John's. The Dinnington St John's parish is the most populous constituent of the St John's ward, which also includes the parishes of Laughton-en-le-Morthen, Firbeck, Letwell and Gildingwells. In 2001 this ward had a population of 11,476, with Dinnington St John's itself making up 9,161 of that figure. The population of the ward at the 2011 Census had increased to 12,517. Dinnington is about 330 feet (101 m) above sea level.
2008 in rugby union
Here are the match results of the 2008 Rugby union season.
Qualifiers for the 2011 Rugby World Cup began in the Caribbean, meanwhile the Six Nations Championship and the Tri Nations are set for another season.

2006–2008 European Nations Cup Third Division
The 2006–2008 European Nations Cup (ENC) Third Division (a European rugby union competition for national teams)  will be contested over two years during which all teams meet each other home and away.  The Third Division consists of four levels, which effectively constitute the 5th through 8th levels of European international rugby.  The winner of each division shall be promoted to the next highest division, and the loser relegated to the next division lower.

The previous champion of Division 3A, Latvia was promoted to the Second Division and replaced with Serbia and Montenegro (now Serbia), which came last in Round 3 of the qualification for the World Cup 2007.
Coefficient of restitution
In physics, the coefficient of restitution (COR, also denoted by e), can be thought of as a measure of the elasticity of a collision between two bodies. It is a dimensionless parameter defined as the ratio of the relative velocity of separation after a two-body collision to the relative velocity of approach before collision. In most real-world collisions, the value of e lies somewhere between 0 and 1, where 1 represents a perfectly elastic collision (in which the objects rebound with no loss of speed but in the opposite directions) and 0 a perfectly inelastic collision (in which the objects do not rebound at all, and end up touching). The basic equation, sometimes known as Newton's restitution equation, was developed by Sir Isaac Newton in 1687.

Relative velocity
The relative velocity of an object B with respect to an observer A, denoted  (also  or ), is the velocity vector of B measured in the rest frame of A.
The relative speed is the vector norm of the relative velocity, .
Nusalala
Nusalala is a genus of brown lacewings. The scientific name was published in 1913 by Longinos Navás. They belong to the subfamily Microminae, as well as the genera Micromus and Megalomina.
Some species of this genus, such as Nusalala brachyptera , are "brachypter" meaning short wings, and have lost the ability to fly; they can only jump. This phenomenon has evolved in a number of genera in the family Hemerobiidae

This genus have an exclusive neotropical distribution (South America, Central America and the Caribbean). As well, the distribution is limited in the South Cone and steppes, where its humidity and temperature conditions may not be enough, and in rain forests, despite their tropical nature.

Megalomina
Megalomina is an insect genus from the family of brown lacewings (Hemerobiidae), which belongs to the order Neuroptera. The scientific name of the genus is validly published for the first time by Nathan Banks in 1909.

The genus is poorly studied, and the known distribution is Oceania, in Australia and New Guinea. Banks designated Megalomina acuminata as a type of species, which occurs in Queensland, Australia.
Secret Windows
Secret Windows: Essays and Fiction on the Craft of Writing is a collection of short stories, essays, speeches, and book excerpts by Stephen King, published in 2000. It was marketed by Book-of-the-Month Club as a companion to King's On Writing. Although its title is derived from a King novella (Secret Window, Secret Garden), it is not otherwise related to that novella or the film adaptation, Secret Window.

The texts in the collection are primarily concerned with writing and the horror genre. Several of the entries have been published elsewhere, including introductions King had written for other authors' novels, as well as introductions and essays from King's previous books. This volume also includes several short works that had not been previously published elsewhere, including lectures given by King, an interview with King conducted by Muriel Gray, a never-before-published short story by King, titled "In the Deathroom," and an introduction written by Peter Straub.

Four Past Midnight
Four Past Midnight is a collection of novellas written by Stephen King in 1988 and 1989 and published in August 1990. It is his second book of this type, the first one being Different Seasons. The collection won the Bram Stoker Award in 1990 for Best Collection and was nominated for a Locus Award in 1991. In the introduction, King says that, while a collection of four novellas like Different Seasons, this book is more strictly horror with elements of the supernatural.
2020 Finnish Indoor Athletics Championships
The 2020 Finnish Indoor Athletics Championships (Finnish: Yleisurheilun sisäratojen Suomen-mestaruuskilpailut 2020) was the 59th edition of the national championship in indoor track and field for Finland. It was held on 15 and 16 February at the Tampere Exhibition and Sports Centre in Tampere, with local club Tampereen Pyrintö taking on hosting duties.

Finnish Indoor Athletics Championships
The Finnish Indoor Athletics Championships (Finnish: Yleisurheilun sisäratojen Suomen-mestaruuskilpailut) is an annual indoor track and field competition organised by the Finnish Amateur Athletic Association, which serves as the Finnish national championship for the sport. First held in 1962, the competition was open to non-Finnish athletes and several foreign athletes (mainly Swedes) were crowned as Finnish champions. The championship titles were restricted to Finnish nationals from 1987 onwards, with foreign competitors reduced to guest status only.

The competition features a 300 metres hurdles event, which highly uncommon as a senior national championship event. Furthermore, winter championships in discus throw and javelin throw are held each year in the same period, but are typically held outdoors due to venue constraints.