hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German Painters' Union
The Union of Painters, Decorators, Whitewashers, Plasterers, and House Painters of Germany (German: Verband der Maler, Lackierer, Anstreicher, Tüncher und Weissbinder Deutschlands) was a trade union representing painters in Germany.

The union was founded in 1885, bringing together various local unions.  It grew slowly, reaching 22,651 members in 1904, and 42,000 in 1916.  In 1919, it was a founding member of the General German Trade Union Confederation.  By 1928, it had 58,775 members.  In 1933, it was banned by the Nazi government.

General German Trade Union Federation
The General German Trade Union Federation (German: Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, ADGB) was a confederation of trade unions in Germany founded during the Weimar Republic. It was founded in 1919 and was initially powerful enough to organize a general strike in 1920 against a right-wing coup d'état. After the 1929 Wall Street crash, the ensuing Great Depression caused widespread unemployment. The ADGB suffered a dramatic loss of membership, both from unemployment and political squabbles. By the time the Nazis seized control of the government, the ADGB's leadership had distanced itself from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and was openly cooperating with Nazis in an attempt to keep the organization alive. Nonetheless, on 2 May 1933 the SA and SS stormed the offices of the ADGB and its member trade unions, seized their assets and arrested their leaders, crushing the organization.
Corythucha ciliata
Corythucha ciliata, the sycamore lace bug, is a species of lace bug in the family Tingidae that is associated with sycamore trees. It's also known as the plane lace bug due to its association with the London plane (Platanus × hispanica).

It originates in the New World, but has been introduced and has spread in Europe. It is a small, whitish insect and feeds on the underside of the leaves, sucking sap.

There are reports in Europe of C. cilata landing on people and biting them. Reports from Italy, France and Romania indicate that some people experience adverse reactions, e.g., dermatosis.

Tingidae
The Tingidae, commonly referred to as lace bugs due to their intricate wings, are a family of very small (2-10 mm (0.08-0.39 in)) insects in the order Hemiptera. These insects exist in multiple regions of the world and live on various plants, depending on the species. There are roughly 2,000 described species across the 3 subfamilies which include Cantacaderinae, Tinginae and Vianaidinae.
Atmakur Assembly constituency
Atmakur Assembly constituency is a constituency in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Nellore Lok Sabha constituency.

Anam Ramanarayana Reddy is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 25 March 2019, there are a total of 208,990 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Nellore district
Nellore district, officially known as Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district in Coastal Andhra Region, is one of the 28 districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. According to the 2011 Census, the district's population was 2,963,557 of which 29.07% was urban. Its administrative headquarters are located in Nellore city. Located in the Coastal Andhra region, the district is bordered by the Bay of Bengal to the east, Kadapa district and Tirupati district to the west, Prakasam district and Markapuram district to the north, and Tirupati district to the south.
Masters of Sex season 1
The first season of the American television drama series Masters of Sex premiered on September 29, 2013, and concluded on December 15, 2013. It consists of twelve episodes, each running for approximately 55 minutes in length. Showtime broadcast the first season on Sundays at 10:00 pm (ET) in the United States. Internationally, the season aired in Canada on The Movie Network concurrently with the American broadcast, and it debuted in the UK on Channel 4 on October 8, 2013.

The series was developed for television by Michelle Ashford and is based on the biography Masters of Sex: The Life and Times of William Masters and Virginia Johnson, the Couple Who Taught America How to Love by Thomas Maier. Masters of Sex tells the story of Dr. William Masters (Michael Sheen) and Virginia Johnson (Lizzy Caplan), two pioneering researchers of human sexuality at Washington University in St. Louis. The first season takes place between 1956 and 1958.

Masters of Sex
Masters of Sex is an American period drama television series that premiered on September 29, 2013, on Showtime. It was developed by Michelle Ashford and loosely based on Thomas Maier's biography Masters of Sex. Set in the 1950s through the late 1960s, the series tells the story of Masters and Johnson (Dr. William Masters and Virginia Johnson) who are portrayed by Michael Sheen and Lizzy Caplan, respectively. The series has received critical acclaim. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Drama Series in 2013. The series was canceled by Showtime on November 30, 2016, after four seasons.
Folar
Folar or folar de Páscoa is a traditional Portuguese bread served at Easter. The recipe varies from region to region and it may be sweet or savory.

During Easter festivities, godchildren usually bring a bouquet of violets to their godmother on Palm Sunday and this, on Easter Sunday, offers him a folar.

Folar is sometimes served with a boiled egg, that symbolically represents rebirth and the Resurrection.

Folar de Chaves, popular in the north-eastern Portuguese regions of Chaves and Valpaços, is stuffed with pork, ham, salpicão and linguiça.

There are also sweet folars like the folar from Olhão, that consists of seven layers with melted sugar and cinnamon, and the more common folar with anise and cinnamon.

Linguiça
Linguiça (Portuguese: [lĩˈɡwisɐ]) is a Portuguese sausage made from pork and seasoned with onion, garlic, paprika and other spices. It can be used fresh in cooked preparations or undergo a curing and preservation process through smoking.
Office of the Public Guardian (Scotland)
The Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) (Scottish Gaelic: Oifig Neach-dìon a' Phobaill) in Scotland is a public body based in Falkirk as part of the Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service, established in April 2001 following the passing of the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000.

Public bodies of the Scottish Government
Public bodies of the Scottish Government (Scottish Gaelic: Buidhnean Poblach Riaghaltas na h-Alba) are organisations that are funded by the Scottish Government. They form a tightly meshed network of executive and advisory non-departmental public bodies ("quangoes"); tribunals; and nationalised industries. Such public bodies are distinct from executive agencies of the Scottish Government, as unlike them they are not considered to be part of the Government and staff of public bodies are not civil servants, although executive agencies are listed in the Scottish Government's directory of national public bodies alongside other public bodies.
South German gulden
The South German Gulden was the currency of the states of Southern Germany between 1754 and 1873. These states included Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, Frankfurt and Hohenzollern.  It was divided into 60 kreuzer, with each kreuzer worth 4 pfennig or 8 heller.

Pfennig
The pfennig (German: [ˈpfɛnɪç] ⓘ; pl. 'pfennigs' or 'pfennige' (listenⓘ); symbol pf or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was an official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West Germany and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City of Danzig (modern Gdańsk, Poland).
Gheorghe Flutur
Gheorghe Flutur (born 8 July 1960 in Botoșana, Suceava County, Romania) is a Romanian politician, member of the National Liberal Party (PNL). He was also a member of the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD) as vice-president, since December 2006 until December 2007, then a member of the Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) until eventually returning to the PNL. Between December 2004 and November 2006, Flutur was the Minister of Agriculture in the Tăriceanu government (as a PNL member). Between 2 and 10 April 2022, Flutur served as acting/ad interim president of the PNL, after the resignation of Florin Cîțu, until the election of Nicolae Ciucă.

Florin Cîțu
Florin Vasile Cîțu (Romanian pronunciation: [floˈrin vaˈsile ˈkɨt͡su]; born 1 April 1972) is a Romanian politician who served as Prime Minister of Romania between December 2020 and November 2021 (acting/ad interim between October and November 2021). Sometimes labeled as Romania's first libertarian Prime Minister, he was also the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL) between September 2021 and April 2022.

After a motion of no-confidence ended his premiership, Cîțu was voted President of the Senate of Romania by the new PSD-PNL-UDMR/RMDSZ CNR coalition established in the Parliament, after the fall of the government he headed in late 2021. However, he resigned from this office also in June 2022, after the same coalition withdrew its support for him. Previously, he also served as Minister of Public Finance in both the first and second cabinet of former PNL Prime Minister Ludovic Orban between 2019 and 2020.
Confederation of European Business
The Confederation of European Business, shortened as BusinessEurope, is a lobby group representing enterprises of all sizes in the European Union (EU) and seven non-EU European countries. It is made up of 40 national industry and employers' organizations. The current president of the confederation is Fredrik Persson, while the Director General is Markus J. Beyrer.

Based in Brussels and registered in Belgium as an Association internationale sans but lucratif, the confederation is officially recognised as a social partner at European level and involved in a range of economic and social decisions and cooperates with a number of stakeholders and business partners. It promotes the interests of corporate citizens to ensure that public policy supports the European economy. It is generally considered the strongest interest organisation in Brussels, and represents 20 million companies through its member trade associations in 36 European countries.

Employers' organization
An employers' organization or employers' association is a collective organization of manufacturers, retailers, or other employers of wage labor. Employers' organizations seek to coordinate the behavior of their member companies in matters of mutual interest, such as during negotiations with trade unions or government bodies. Employers' organizations operate like trade unions and promote the economic and social interests of its member organizations.
Lamb Peak
Lamb Peak (79°34′S 84°57′W﻿ / ﻿79.567°S 84.950°W﻿ / -79.567; -84.950) is a conspicuous bare rock peak located 2 nautical miles (4 km) south-southeast of Maagoe Peak in the Gifford Peaks of the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos from 1961 to 1966, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Commander Arthur D. Lamb, who contributed to the success of austral summer resupply activities for three seasons in his capacity as operations and communications officer through U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze 1966.

Gifford Peaks
Gifford Peaks (79°36′S 84°48′W﻿ / ﻿79.600°S 84.800°W﻿ / -79.600; -84.800) are a line of sharp peaks and ridges along the escarpment at the west side of the Heritage Range, located between Watlack Hills and Soholt Peaks. They were named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party of 1963–64 for Chief Warrant Officer Leonard A. Gifford, a pilot of the 62nd Transportation Detachment who aided the party.
2017 Service King 300
The 2017 Service King 300 was the fifth stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series season and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, March 25, 2017, in Fontana, California, at Auto Club Speedway, a 2 miles (3.2 km) permanent D-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 150 laps to complete. At race's end, Kyle Larson, driving for Chip Ganassi Racing, would defend against eventual second-place finisher, Team Penske driver Joey Logano, on the final restart with four to go to win his sixth career NASCAR Xfinity Series win and his first of the season. To fill out the podium, Kyle Busch of Joe Gibbs Racing finished third.

NASCAR Xfinity Series at Auto Club Speedway
Stock car races in the then-NASCAR Xfinity Series were held at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California from 1997 to 2023. The race was held as a 150 lap, 300 mile (480 km) race.

A second race at the track was also held during the fall as support to the Cup fall race from 2004 until the track lost its second Cup date after 2010.

No races have been held since 2023, as the track is currently undergoing demolition of the 2-mile oval.
1993 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1993 were appointments by most of the 16 Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries, and honorary ones to citizens of other countries. They were announced on 30 December 1992 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1993 in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, the Bahamas, Grenada, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Belize.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Inland Revenue
The Inland Revenue was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government responsible for the collection of direct taxation, including income tax, national insurance contributions, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax, petroleum revenue tax and stamp duty. More recently, the Inland Revenue also administered the Tax Credits schemes, whereby monies, such as Working Tax Credit (WTC) and Child Tax Credit (CTC), are paid by the government into a recipient's bank account or as part of their wages. The Inland Revenue was also responsible for the payment of child benefit (from 1999).

The Inland Revenue was merged with HM Customs and Excise to form HM Revenue and Customs which came into existence on 18 April 2005. The current name was promoted by the use of the expression "from Revenue and Customs" in a series of annual radio, and to a lesser extent, television public information broadcasts in the 2000s and 2010s.
Vlad I of Wallachia
Vlad I (? – 1396/97?) known as Uzurpatorul (the Usurper), was a ruler of Wallachia in what later became Romania. He usurped the throne from Mircea I of Wallachia. His rule lasted barely three years, from October/November 1394 to January 1397, while others suggest that the accurate ruling period was from May 1395 to December 1396.

Usurper
A usurper is an illegitimate or controversial claimant to power, often but not always in a monarchy. In other words, one who takes the power of a country, city, or established region for oneself, without any formal or legal right to claim it as one's own. Usurpers can rise to power in a region by often unexpected physical force such as via a coup d'état, as well as through political influence and deceit.
Umar Bakkalcha
Umar Bakkalcha (1953?–1980) was an Ethiopian nationalist and one of the early Oromo nationalists and martyrs well-remembered in the Chercher highlands of Harerghe especially for the heroic speeches he made at his death spot. His name had been Umar Sheikh Mohammed Rabi, but the people usually refer to him as “Umar Bakkalcha” or simply “Bakkalcha” (the downfall star).

Ahmad Taqi Sheikh Mohammed Rashid
Ahmad Taqi "Hundee" Sheikh Mohammed Rashid (1942 – 6 September 1974) was an Ethiopian Oromo nationalist, known, along with his comrade Elemo Qiltu, as the "first true fighters and martyrs of the Oromo causes". It was these two persons and their few colleagues who founded an organization with a fighting unit that bears the name of the Oromo people, although before them, many nationalists had fought and died for the Oromo causes.
In addition, these men are credited with reviving and popularizing usage of the name Oromo in early 1970s.
Weinstein's neighbourhood theorem
In symplectic geometry, a branch of mathematics, Weinstein's neighbourhood theorem refers to a few distinct but related theorems, involving the neighbourhoods of submanifolds in symplectic manifolds and generalising the classical Darboux's theorem. They were proved by Alan Weinstein in 1971.

Symplectomorphism
In mathematics, a symplectomorphism or symplectic map is an isomorphism in the category of symplectic manifolds. In classical mechanics, a symplectomorphism represents a transformation of phase space that is volume-preserving and preserves the symplectic structure of phase space, and is called a canonical transformation.
Lambton Worm
The Lambton Worm is a legend from County Durham in North-East England in the United Kingdom. The story takes place around the River Wear, and is one of the area's pieces of folklore, having been adapted from written and oral tradition into pantomime and song formats.

Bryan Talbot
Bryan Talbot (born 24 February 1952) is a British comics artist and writer, best known as the creator of The Adventures of Luther Arkwright and its sequels Heart of Empire and The Legend of Luther Arkwright, as well as the Grandville series of books. He collaborated with his wife, Mary M. Talbot to produce Dotter of Her Father's Eyes, which won the 2012 Costa biography award.
Cuban Revolutionary Army
The Cuban Revolutionary Army (Spanish: Ejército Revolucionario) serve as the ground forces of Cuba. Formed in 1868 during the Ten Years' War, it was originally known as the Cuban Constitutional Army. Following the Cuban Revolution, the revolutionary military forces was reconstituted as the national army of Cuba by Fidel Castro in 1960. The army is a part of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces which was founded around that time.

Cuban National Army
The Cuban National Army (Spanish: Ejército Nacional de Cuba, lit. 'National Army of Cuba'), from 1935 known as the Cuban Constitutional Army (Spanish: Ejército Constitucional de Cuba, lit. 'Constitutional Army of Cuba'), was the army of the Republic of Cuba from 1902 to 1959.
FC Prishtina
Football Club Prishtina (Albanian: Klubi Futbollistik Prishtina, IPA: [ˈklubi futboɫisˈtik ˈpɾiʃtina]), commonly known as Prishtina, is a professional football club based in Pristina, Kosovo. The club plays in the Kosovo Superleague. It is the most successful domestic club.

Yugoslav football league system
The Yugoslav football league system refers to the system of interconnected leagues in association football which was in place during the existence of Yugoslavia and organized by the Football Association of Yugoslavia (FSJ).

The exact formats and numbers of levels changed several times, the last time in 1988, when the four inter-republic groups were introduced at third level. The groups were called that way because unlike the fourth tier groups they did not correspond territorially to Yugoslavia's six federal republics.
Millwork
Millwork is historically any wood-mill produced decorative material used in building construction.  Stock profiled and patterned millwork building components fabricated by milling at a planing mill can usually be installed with minimal alteration.  Today, millwork may encompass items that are made using alternatives to wood, including synthetics, plastics, and wood-adhesive composites.

Often specified by architects and designers, millwork products are considered a design element within a room or on a building to create a mood or design theme. Millwork products are used in both interior and exterior applications and can serve as either decorative or functional features of a building.

Planing (shaping)
Planing is a manufacturing process of material removal in which the workpiece reciprocates against a stationary cutting tool producing a plane or sculpted surface.  Planing is analogous to shaping.  The main difference between these two processes is that in shaping the tool reciprocates across the stationary workpiece.  Planing motion is the opposite of shaping. Both planing and shaping are rapidly being replaced by milling.

The mechanism used for this process is known as a planer. The size of the planer is determined by the largest workpiece that can be machined on it. The cutting tools are usually carbide tipped or made of high speed steel and resemble those used in facing and turning.
Givat HaMivtar
Givat HaMivtar (Hebrew: גִּבְעַת הַמִּבְתָּר) is an Israeli settlement and a neighborhood in East Jerusalem established in 1970 between Ramat Eshkol and French Hill. It is located on a hill where an important battle took place in the Six Day War. Archaeological excavations have revealed important ancient Jewish tombs in the region. Givat Hamivtar was one of the first "Build Your Own Home" neighborhoods in Jerusalem.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

French Hill (settlement)
French Hill (Hebrew: הגבעה הצרפתית, romanized: HaGiv'a HaTzarfatit, Arabic: التلة الفرنسية, romanized: at-tel al-faransiya), also Giv'at Shapira (Hebrew: גִּבְעַת שַׁפִּירָא) is an Israeli settlement in northern East Jerusalem. It is located on territory that has been occupied since the Six-Day War in 1967 and later unilaterally annexed by Israel under the Jerusalem Law, in a move internationally condemned as illegal, "null and void" under international law, in 1980. The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem, such as French Hill, illegal under international law, which the Israeli government disputes.
1991 Lithuanian independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in Lithuania on 9 February 1991, eleven months after independence from the Soviet Union had been declared on 11 March 1990. Just over 93% of those voting voted in favour of independence, while the number of eligible voters voting "yes" was 76.5%, far exceeding the threshold of 50%. Independence was subsequently achieved in August 1991. The independence of the Republic of Lithuania was re-recognized by the United States on 2 September 1991 and by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991.

Independence referendum
An independence referendum is a type of referendum in which the residents of a territory decide whether the territory should become an independent sovereign state. An independence referendum that results in a vote for independence does not always ultimately result in independence.
Leon A. Edney
Leon Albert "Bud" Edney (born March 1, 1935) is a former United States Navy officer. A native of Dedham, Massachusetts, he retired from the navy as an admiral after serving as Vice Chief of Naval Operations from 1988 to 1990.

Vice Chief of Naval Operations
The vice chief of naval operations (VCNO) is the second highest-ranking commissioned United States Navy officer and functions as the principal deputy of the chief of naval operations. By statute, the vice chief is appointed as a four-star admiral.