hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Behrang Safari
Behrang Safari (Persian: بهرنگ صفری, Persian pronunciation: [behræŋɡ sæfæriː]; born 9 February 1985) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a defender. Starting off his professional career with Malmö FF in 2004, he went on to represent FC Basel and RSC Anderlecht before retiring at Malmö in 2020. A full international between 2008 and 2013, he won 31 caps for the Sweden national team and was named in their UEFA Euro 2012 squad.

2009–10 Swiss Cup
The 2009–10 Swiss Cup was the 85th season of Switzerland's annual football cup competition. It began on 17 September with the first game of Round 1 and ended on 9 May 2010 with the Final held at St. Jakob-Park, Basel. The competition was won by FC Basel, who defeated second-level side Lausanne-Sport, 6–0. Since Basel also won the 2009–10 Swiss Super League, Lausanne qualified for the second qualification round of the UEFA Europa League.
2009 MTN 8
The 2009 MTN 8 was the 35th time that this annual tournament took place. It was contested by the eight top teams of the Premier Soccer League table at the end of the 2008-09 season. The tournament began on 4 August 2009, and ended on 24 October 2009. Golden Arrows beat Ajax Cape Town 6–0, in the final at Orlando Stadium.

AmaZulu F.C.
AmaZulu Football Club is a South African professional soccer club based in the city of Durban in the KwaZulu Natal province, that plays in the Premiership, the first tier of the South African football league system. The club's nickname, Usuthu, is the royal house of King Cetshwayo ka Mpande.
Velilla Power Plant
Velilla Power Plant was a coal-fired power plant near the village of Velilla del Río Carrión in the province of Palencia, community of Castile and León, Spain. Velilla Power Plant had two generating units with a capacity of 148 MW and 350 MW. The first unit was put into operation in 1964, and the second in 1984.

In 2008, Velilla Power Plant was equipped with filters, so now more than 95% of the detrimental sulfur dioxide are filtered out from smoke. This facility is owned by Iberdrola; it was shut down on June 30, 2020.

Province of Palencia
Palencia is a province of northern Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by the provinces of León, Cantabria, Burgos, and Valladolid.
Married print
A married print is a film print which has had an optical soundtrack added onto the print. As the process usually is fairly expensive and resource-intensive, it usually is one of the last stages of post-production. Due to the intermittent motion of movie projectors and movie cameras, the sound cannot be located adjacent to the actual frames it is synced to, but instead must be offset by 21 frames (35mm). Because of this, a married print can not be edited, and thus should only be done when the picture and sound edits have been "locked", or finalized. Marrying a print is often done at the stage of the answer print, although this is not a requirement.

Movie camera
A movie camera (also known as a film camera and cine-camera) is a type of photographic camera that rapidly takes a sequence of photographs, either onto film stock or an image sensor, in order to produce a moving image to display on a screen. In contrast to the still camera, which captures a single image at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images by way of an intermittent mechanism or by electronic means; each image is a frame of film or video. The frames are projected through a movie projector or a video projector at a specific frame rate (number of frames per second) to show the moving picture. When projected at a high enough frame rate (24 frames per second or more), the persistence of vision allows the eyes and brain of the viewer to merge the separate frames into a continuous moving picture.
Chromate conversion coating
Chromate conversion coating or alodine coating is a type of conversion coating used to passivate steel, aluminium, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, titanium, magnesium, and tin alloys.: p.1265    The coating serves as a corrosion inhibitor, as a primer to improve the adherence of paints and adhesives, as a decorative finish, or to preserve electrical conductivity. It also provides some resistance to abrasion and light chemical attack (such as dirty fingers) on soft metals.

Chromate conversion coatings are commonly applied to items such as screws, hardware and tools. They usually impart a distinctively iridescent, greenish-yellow color to otherwise white or gray metals.  The coating has a complex composition including chromium salts, and a complex structure.

The process is sometimes called alodine coating, a term used specifically in reference to the trademarked Alodine process of Henkel Surface Technologies.

Corrosion inhibitor
A corrosion inhibitor or anti-corrosive is a chemical compound added to a liquid or gas to decrease the corrosion rate of a metal that comes into contact with the fluid. The effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor depends on fluid composition and dynamics. Corrosion inhibitors are common in industry, and also found in over-the-counter products, typically in spray form in combination with a lubricant and sometimes a penetrating oil. They may be added to water to prevent leaching of lead or copper from pipes.

A common mechanism for inhibiting corrosion involves formation of a coating, often a passivation layer, which prevents access of the corrosive substance to the metal. Permanent treatments such as chrome plating are not generally considered inhibitors, however: corrosion inhibitors are additives to the fluids that surround the metal or related object.
Bossa Nova (film)
Bossa Nova is a 2000 Brazilian-American romantic comedy film directed by Bruno Barreto. It deals with several interwoven stories about people finding and losing love in Rio de Janeiro. It stars Amy Irving (Barreto's wife and star of his earlier films A Show of Force, Carried Away, and One Tough Cop) as an English language teacher named Mary Ann.

A Show of Force
A Show of Force is a 1990 thriller drama film directed by Bruno Barreto. The film is based on events and theories surrounding the Maravilla Hill case in Puerto Rico adapted from Anne Nelson's book, Murder Under Two Flags.
Stevens Records
Stevens Records was a record label operated by father-and-son, Fred and Bill Stevens in Granite City, Illinois. Fred Stevens, a painter and his son Bill Stevens, an R&B enthusiast, were inspired by the thriving music scene in St. Louis and the neighboring East St. Louis, but they felt there was a lack of artists recording locally so they started their own label in 1959. The label is best known for their recordings of musician Ike Turner, who recorded under the name Icky Renrut because he was still under contract with Sun Records.

Granite City, Illinois
Granite City is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States, within the greater St. Louis metropolitan area. Its population was 27,549 at the 2020 census, making it the third-largest city in the Metro East and Southern Illinois regions, behind Belleville and O'Fallon. Officially founded in 1896, Granite City was named by the Niedringhaus brothers, William and Frederick, who established it as a steelmaking company town for the manufacture of graniteware kitchen utensils.
Arthur Hall (stationer)
Arthur Hall was a nineteenth-century publisher and writer based in Paternoster Row, London.

In 1848 he took over Sharpe's London Magazine from T. B. Sharpe, who had founded it in 1845 as a weekly publication. Hall made it a monthly, and moved it upmarket; the editor at the time was Frank Smedley. It appeared as Journal rather than Magazine from 1849 to 1852. At this time Hall went into business with George Virtue, forming Arthur Hall, Virtue & Co. In the 1850s the firm published the "Hofland Library", a large collection of the juvenile works of Barbara Hofland.

Barbara Hofland
Barbara Hofland (1770 – 4 November 1844) was an English writer of some 66 didactic, moral stories for children, and of schoolbooks and poetry. She was asked by John Soane to write a description of his still extant museum in London's Lincoln's Inn Fields.
WDSD
WDSD (94.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to serve Dover, Delaware. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. and broadcasts a country format.

WDSD broadcasts some sporting events, including NASCAR races, and is the flagship station for University of Delaware athletics. Some UD events are broadcast on sister station Fox Sports 1290 in Wilmington.

The station has been assigned the WDSD call sign by the Federal Communications Commission since September 7, 2007, when it swapped call signs with sister station WRDX.

WDSD uses HD Radio.

Dover, Delaware
Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/ DOH-vər) is the capital and the second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Delaware, after Wilmington. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of the Philadelphia–Wilmington–Camden, PA–NJ–DE–MD, combined statistical area. It is located on the St. Jones River in the Delaware River coastal plain. It was named by William Penn for Dover in Kent, England (for which Kent County is named). As of 2020, its population was 39,403.
La Maliciosa
La Maliciosa is one of the most important and highest mountains of the Sierra de Guadarrama, a mountainous formation belonging to the Sistema Central. It has an altitude of 2227m above sea level and is located in the northwest of the Community of Madrid, in Spain, rising between La Pedriza, which lies to the east, and La Barranca valley, which is on its western slope.

It has a prominence of 153m, its profile is unmistakable and it stands out notably in the Meseta Central (Inner Plateau). This makes it one of the most striking and significant mountains of the Sierra de Guadarrama. Its southern face is the steepest and there are several ravines, alpine meadows and rocky areas. The slopes of La Maliciosa are dominated by low mountain scrub, although there are areas covered with Scotch pine trees. A large part of this mountain is within the Cuenca Alta del Manzanares Regional Park and within the Guadarrama National Park.

Guadarrama National Park
Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (in Spanish: Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama) is a national park in Spain, covering nearly 34,000 hectares, the fifth largest in Spain's national parks system. The Guadarrama mountain range (Sistema Central) contains some ecologically valuable areas, located in the Community of Madrid and Castile and León (provinces of Segovia and Ávila). The law that regulates the recently approved national park was published in the BOE on June 26, 2013 (2013-06-26).
Paul Magdalino
Paul Magdalino FBA (born 10 May 1948) is a British Byzantinist who is Bishop Wardlaw Professor (Emeritus) of Byzantine History at the University of St Andrews. He received the 1993 Runciman Award for his monograph on the reign of Manuel I Komnenos (1143–1180), which challenged Niketas Choniates' negative appraisal of the ruler.

Runciman Award
The Runciman Award is an annual literary award offered by the Anglo-Hellenic League for a work published in English dealing wholly or in part with Greece or Hellenism. On some years the prize has been awarded jointly and shared between two or more authors. The award is named in honour of the late Sir Steven Runciman and is currently sponsored (since 2021) by the A. G. Leventis Foundation and the Athanasios C. Laskaridis Charitable Foundation. The value of the prize is £10,000.
2013 Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The 2013 Ulster Senior Club Football Championship was the 46th instalment of the annual competition organised by Ulster GAA. It was one of the four provincial competitions of the 2013–14 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Crossmaglen Rangers of Armagh were the defending champions, having defeated Kilcoo of Down in the 2012 final. Kilcoo would end their reign as champions at the quarter-final stage.

Derry's Ballinderry Shamrocks were crowned Ulster champions for the third time after defeating Donegal champions Glenswilly in the final.

Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The Ulster Senior Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football tournament organised by Ulster GAA. It is played between the Senior championship winners from each of the nine counties of Ulster. The competition was first held in 1968 and has a straight knock-out format. The winners are awarded the Seamus McFerran Cup (Irish: Corn Shéamuis Mhic Fearáin). The winners go on to represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Derry clubs have won the competition seventeen times, more than any other county. Crossmaglen Rangers are the most successful club, having won the competition eleven times. The current champions are Scotstown from Monaghan, having beaten Kilcoo in the 2025 final.
Fort Abbas
Fort Abbas  (Urdu: فورٹ عبّاس),  (Punjabi: فورٹ عباس), formerly Pholra, is a town in Bahawalnagar District in the Cholistan Desert of Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated south of Haroonabad, near Faqirwali, on the border of Pakistan and India. The THQ Fort Abbas is playing a great role in public health. Famous living places of Fort Abbas are Nawab Colony, Pakistan City Town and Gulshan e Naseem.

Bahawalnagar District
Bahawalnagar District (Urdu and Punjabi: ضلع بہاولنگر), is a district of Punjab province in Pakistan. Before the independence of Pakistan, Bahawalnagar was part of Bahawalpur state governed by the Nawab of Bahawalpur. The city of Bahawalnagar is the capital of the district.
Tocumwal Football Club
The Tocumwal Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Bloods, is an Australian rules football and netball club that competes in the Picola & District Football Netball League. The club is based in the town of Tocumwal located in the Riverina district of New South Wales.

Murray Football Netball League
The Murray Football Netball League is an Australian rules football and netball league affiliated with the Victorian Country Football League. The league covers a large area of northern Victoria and southern New South Wales from Shepparton in the south to Deniliquin in the north. It covers much the same area as the Picola & District Football League but the teams tend to be based in the larger communities and towns.
Tommy Cash (rapper)
Tomas Tammemets (born 18 November 1991), known professionally as Tommy Cash (stylised as TOMM¥ €A$H), is an Estonian rapper, singer, dancer, and visual artist. He usually performs in English with a distinct non-native accent, and is known for sexually explicit lyrical themes and provocative music videos. He represented Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Espresso Macchiato", where he finished in third place overall with 356 points.

Little Big
Little Big is a Russian rave band founded in Saint Petersburg in 2013 and currently based in Los Angeles, California, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The band currently consists of Ilya "Ilich" Prusikin and Sonya Tayurskaya. Their first full-length album, With Russia from Love, was released on 17 March 2014.
1990 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1990 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 60th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928. The championship began on 12 May 1990 and ended on 3 September 1990.

Offaly entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Wexford in the Leinster quarter-final.

On 3 September 1990, Kilkenny won the championship following a 1–09 to 0–09 defeat of Cork in the All-Ireland final. This was their 14th All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1988.

Cork's Damien Fleming was the championship's top scorer with 7-27.

1988 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1988 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 58th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928. The championship began on 14 May 1988 and ended on 4 September 1988.

Offaly entered the championship as the defending champions in search of a third successive All-Ireland title, however, they were beaten by Kilkenny in the Leinster final.

On 4 September 1988, Kilkenny won the championship following a 3-13 to 0-12 defeat of Cork in the All-Ireland final. This was their 13th All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1981.

Cork's Brian Cunningham was the championship's top scorer with 3-29.
Peer assessment
Peer assessment, or self-assessment, is a process whereby students or their peers grade assignments or tests based on a teacher's benchmarks. The practice is employed to save teachers time and improve students' understanding of course materials as well as improve their metacognitive skills. Rubrics are often used in conjunction with self- and peer-assessment.

Rubric (academic)
In the realm of US education, a rubric is a "scoring guide used to evaluate the quality of students' constructed responses" according to James Popham. In simpler terms, it serves as a set of criteria for grading assignments. Typically presented in table format, rubrics contain evaluative criteria, quality definitions for various levels of achievement, and a scoring strategy. They play a dual role for teachers in marking assignments and for students in planning their work.
Battle of Rutherford's Farm
The Battle of Rutherford's Farm, also known as Carter's Farm and Stephenson's Depot, was a small engagement between Confederate forces under Maj. Gen. Stephen D. Ramseur and Union forces under Brig. Gen. William W. Averell on July 20, 1864, in Frederick County, Virginia, during  the American Civil War, as part of Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal Early's Valley Campaign, resulting in a Union victory.

Pvt. John Shanes, Company K, 14th West Virginia Infantry, received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the fighting near Carter's Farm, where he, "charged upon a Confederate fieldpiece in advance of his comrades and by his individual exertions silenced the piece."

Valley campaigns of 1864
The Valley campaigns of 1864 began as operations initiated by Union  Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and resulting battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864. Some military historians divide this period into three separate campaigns. This article considers them together, as the campaigns interacted and built upon one another.
Junction Valley
Junction Valley (54°17′S 36°32′W﻿ / ﻿54.283°S 36.533°W﻿ / -54.283; -36.533) is a valley sloping eastward from Echo Pass to Hestesletten on the west side of Cumberland East Bay, South Georgia. The name Junction Valley was originally applied by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskiöld, 1901–04, to a valley joining Cumberland East Bay with Cumberland West Bay. The summit of this valley was later named Echo Pass. The original name has therefore been restricted to the eastern valley, and Sphagnum Valley has been applied to the western part.

Sphagnum Valley
Sphagnum Valley (54°16′S 36°35′W﻿ / ﻿54.267°S 36.583°W﻿ / -54.267; -36.583) is a valley sloping northwest from Echo Pass to Cumberland West Bay, South Georgia. First charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Nordenskjold, 1901–04. Surveyed by the SGS in the period 1951-57 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after Sphagnum, the bog moss which occurs in this valley.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Sphagnum Valley". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Metrópolis (Chile)
Metrópolis (previously known as Metrópolis Intercom) was a Chilean cable television operator that currently operates under the name VTR, after the merger of the 2 cable operators (Metrópolis Intercom and VTR Cablexpress) in July 2005.

Vía X
Vía X is a Chilean subscription television channel founded in 1994, and operated by the production company Filmocentro Televisión and owned by TVI Filmocentro. Airing mostly rock music videos, it features Chilean indie subculture, as well as entertainment, politics and news programs.
Hediger Sons
Hediger Sons (/ˈhɛdɪɡər sʌnz/; officially Hediger Söhne AG) was a former Swiss tobacco manufacturing company which was merged with Villiger in 1984. It was among the largest and second oldest manufacturing company for cigars and cigarillos in the Wynental valley.

In 1899, one of the founders sons and two business partners, created a separate, independent entity named Hediger & Cie which operated until 1971. This company was later also merged with Villiger.

Villiger Sons
Villiger Sons (officially Villiger Söhne Holding AG) is a Swiss multinational concern which manufactures and sells cigars and cigarillos and other tobacco products. Founded in 1888, the company is family owned and managed in the fourth, respectively fifth generation, and employs over 1,200 people worldwide. Villiger has a revenue of approximately CHF 140 million (as of 2025). Besides owning several factories as subsidiaries in countries such as the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua and Indonesia. Villiger is also present on the U.S. market and has opened a new subsidiary of Villiger North America, Inc. in Doral, Florida in 2016.
Phil Dyer
Phil Dyer (born July 6, 1951) is an American politician and banker who was 38th mayor of Plano, Texas.  He was first elected in 2009.

He has a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1973. He received his Masters of Business Administration from East Texas State University in 1981. Dyer served on several local boards and committees starting in 1984 and was in the Plano City Council from 1999 through 2005. He is also the president of LegacyTexas Bank.

Dyer was voted Plano Citizen of the Year in 1998 by the Plano Chamber of Commerce.

Mayor of Plano, Texas
The Mayor of the City of Plano, Texas is the head of the Plano City Council. The current mayor is John B. Muns, who has served since 2021 and is the city's 39th mayor.

Serving as mayor is a part-time job, and most officeholders maintain a full-time job if they are not retired. The Mayor is responsible for setting city policy while City Manager is responsible for day-to-day city operations.
Salt poisoning
Salt poisoning is an intoxication resulting from the excessive intake of sodium (usually as sodium chloride) either in solid form or in solution (saline water, including brine, brackish water, or seawater). Salt poisoning sufficient to produce severe symptoms is rare, and lethal salt poisoning is possible but even rarer. The lethal dose of table salt is roughly 0.5–1 gram per kilogram of body weight.

In medicine, salt poisoning is most frequently encountered in children or infants who may be made to consume excessive amounts of table salt. At least one instance of murder of a hospitalized child by salt poisoning has been reported.

Adults can consume too much salt by consuming seawater, pickled goods, brine water or soy sauce. Salt poisoning has been seen in a number of adults with mental health problems.

Salt poisoning can affect most species of animals, although it is more common in swine, cattle, and poultry.

Substance intoxication
Substance intoxication is a transient condition of altered consciousness and behavior associated with recent use of a substance. It is often maladaptive and impairing, but reversible. If the symptoms are severe, the term "substance intoxication delirium" may be used. Slang terms for the state include: getting high (generic), and being stoned, cooked, or fried (usually in reference to cannabis).

Substance intoxication may often accompany a substance use disorder (SUD); if persistent substance-related problems exist, SUD is the preferred diagnosis.

The term "intoxication" in common use most often refers to alcohol intoxication, or drug addiction usually opioids consisting of an overdose; resulting in death.