hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Ferguson (Scottish politician)
James Ferguson FRSE (25 May 1735 – 6 September 1820) was a Scottish advocate and Tory politician and the third Laird of Pitfour, a large estate in the Buchan area of north east Scotland, which is known as the 'Blenheim of the North'.

Ferguson studied law in Edinburgh, qualifying in 1757 to gain membership of the Faculty of Advocates. He then undertook a tour of Europe throughout 1758 before following in his father's footsteps by joining the Scottish legal profession. Later in life his interests turned to politics and he became a Scottish Tory politician.

Among the extensive work carried out by Ferguson at Pitfour, he is also credited with beginning work on a canal between the Pitfour estate and the sea at Peterhead in order to transport agricultural produce. Despite planning objections from neighbours, work began in 1797. He is also credited with establishing the planned village of Mintlaw in 1813.

Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.
Abolition of Corporal Punishment Act, 1997
The Abolition of Corporal Punishment Act, 1997 (Act No. 33 of 1997) is an act of the Parliament of South Africa that abolished judicial corporal punishment. It followed the Constitutional Court's 1995 decision in the case of S v Williams and Others that caning of juveniles was unconstitutional. Although the ruling in S v Williams was limited to the corporal punishment of males under the age of 21, Justice Langa mentioned in dicta that there was a consensus that corporal punishment of adults was also unconstitutional.

The act contains two substantive sections. The first provides that "any law which authorises corporal punishment by a court of law, including a court of traditional leaders," is repealed to the extent that it authorises such a punishment. The second makes specific textual amendments various statutes, including the Black Administration Act, the Magistrates' Courts Act and the Criminal Procedure Act, to remove references to corporal punishment.

Criminal Procedure Act, 1977
The Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 (Act No. 51 of 1977) is an act of the Parliament of South Africa that governs criminal procedure in South Africa's legal system. It details the procedure for the whole system of criminal law, including search and seizure, arrest, the filing of charges, bail, the plea, the testimony of witnesses and the  law of evidence, the verdict and sentence, and appeal.

The act is also in force in Namibia, which inherited it from the South African administration of South-West Africa. Administration of the act was transferred to the SWA government in 1979, and since then the South African and Namibian versions have diverged through amendment. A new Namibian Criminal Procedure Act was passed in 2004 but has not yet come into force.
Karigan
Karigan (Persian: كريگان, also Romanized as Karīgān; also known as Gavīgān (Persian: گويگان) and Gūy Kan) is a village in Gevar Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 309, in 77 families.

Gevar Rural District
Gevar Rural District (Persian: دهستان گور) is in Sarduiyeh District of Jiroft County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sahebabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qalatuiyeh.
South Creake
South Creake is a village and civil parish in north west Norfolk, England. The village lies 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) south of its twin village of North Creake, and some 5 miles (8 km) north-west of the town of Fakenham.

South Creake lies on the River Burn, which flows through the centre of the village. On a hill above the village can be found the Bloodgate Hill Iron Age Fort.

The civil parish has an area of 7.79 square miles (20.2 km2) and in the 2001 census had a population of 536 in 245 households, reducing to a population of 516 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk.

St Mary's, the Church of England parish church, is a Grade I listed building.

King's Lynn and West Norfolk
King's Lynn and West Norfolk is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. Its council is based in the town of King's Lynn. The district also includes the towns of Downham Market and Hunstanton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The population of the district at the 2021 census was 154,325.

Part of the borough lies within the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The borough lies on the coast, facing both The Wash to the west and the North Sea to the north. The neighbouring districts are North Norfolk, Breckland, West Suffolk, East Cambridgeshire, Fenland and South Holland.
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz  (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак Владикавказ») was a Russian football club based in Vladikavkaz (formerly Ordzhonikidze), North Ossetia–Alania. Founded in 1921, the club played in the Soviet Top League during the communist era, and won its first and only league title in the 1995 Russian Top League.

Russian First League
The Russian First League (Russian: Первая лига, Pervaya liga), formerly called Russian First Division (Russian: Первый дивизион) and Russian Football National League (FNL) (Russian: Первенство Футбольной Национальной Лиги, Pervenstvo Futbol'noy Natsional'noy Ligi) is the second level of the Russian football league system.

The Russian Professional Football League (PFL) used to run the division. Since 2011, it has been managed by the Football National League.

The league consists of 18 clubs. After each season the two top clubs are promoted to the Premier League, and the bottom three clubs are relegated to the Second League. Third and fourth team play in home-and-away promotion play-offs against the 13th and 14th Premier League teams. Should one or more clubs not possess the required licence to participate for the upcoming season, the teams previously relegated are kept in the league instead, in the order of last season's standings.
KHSL-FM
KHSL-FM (103.5 MHz, "The Blaze") is a country music formatted radio station based in Chico, California. It is owned and operated by Deer Creek Broadcasting and Digital Interactive LLC, which also owns News-Talk 93.9 KPAY-FM  (formerly KFMF-FM), KPAY Fox Sports 1290 AM /102.9 FM, Mix 95.1 Lite Rock KMXI-FM, KZAP-FM 96.7 Classic Rock and formerly owner of Regional Spanish station KHHZ-FM 97.7 (known as La Gran X/Radio Mexico), now owned by Bustos Media.  The station's partner and general manager is longtime Chico media personality Dino Corbin, who served as general manager at KHSL-TV for over 20 years and has served the community in broadcasting for 50 years. The program director and morning personality is Mike Wessels. The distinction of the longest-tenured on-air talent at the station goes to Moriss Taylor, who has been a fixture at the station for seven decades. (Taylor is now deceased.)

KZAP (FM)
KZAP (96.7 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Paradise, California, United States, with studios and offices in and broadcasting to the Chico, California, area. KZAP airs a classic hits format.
Federico Vilar
Federico Vilar Baudena (born 30 May 1977) is an Argentine football manager and former player who played as a goalkeeper.

Vilar played the majority of his career in Mexico where played for five different clubs. He also won four different titles and scored four goals all by free kicks. Vilar was known for his great reflexes and established himself as one of Mexico's best goalkeepers, his charisma and leadership ability has also earned him the title of team captain throughout his career.

2008–09 CONCACAF Champions League
The 2008–09 CONCACAF Champions League was the 44th edition of the premier association football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This was the first iteration of the competition to be known as CONCACAF Champions League, having been previously known as the CONCACAF Champions' Cup.

The championship began on August 26, 2008, and it concluded on May 12, 2009. Atlante of Mexico won the championship after defeating Cruz Azul, also from Mexico in the final. As champions, they represented CONCACAF in the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup.
Switch (music producer)
David James Andrew Taylor, better known by his stage name Switch, is an English record producer, songwriter, DJ, and sound engineer. He is best known for his work with Beyoncé, M.I.A. and Major Lazer, of which he was a founding member. He was nominated at the 51st Annual Grammy Awards in the Record of the Year category for "Paper Planes" by M.I.A., which he co-produced with Diplo. Other artists he has produced include Christina Aguilera, Chaka Khan, Santigold, and Brandy among many others. He has released various singles under his own name, and is also well known for remixing and producing for many major artists.

Switch is the founder and owner of the independent record label Diary Records, founded in 2018.

Basement Jaxx
Basement Jaxx are an English electronic music duo consisting of Felix Buxton (born 8 May 1970) and Simon Ratcliffe (born 28 November 1969). The pair got their name from the regular club night they held in Brixton, London, UK. They first rose to popularity in the underground house scene of the mid-1990s, but would go on to find international chart success and win Best Dance Act at both the 2002 and 2004 BRIT Awards. Some of their most successful singles are "Red Alert", "Rendez-Vu", "Romeo", "Where's Your Head At", "Do Your Thing", and "Good Luck".
Linarite
Linarite is a somewhat rare, crystalline mineral that is known among mineral collectors for its unusually intense, pure blue color. It is formed by the oxidation of galena and chalcopyrite and other copper sulfides. It is a combined copper lead sulfate hydroxide with formula  PbCuSO4(OH)2. 
Linarite occurs as monoclinic prismatic to tabular crystals and irregular masses. It is easily confused with azurite, but does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid as azurite does. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 5.3 – 5.5.

Linarite was first identified in 1822. It is named after the Linares Plateau, Spain. It occurs in association with brochantite, anglesite, caledonite, leadhillite, cerussite, malachite and hemimorphite.

Galena
Galena, also called lead glance, is the natural mineral form of lead(II) sulfide (PbS). It is the most important ore of lead and an important source of silver.

Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite.

As a pure specimen held in the hand, under standard temperature and pressure, galena is insoluble in water and so is almost non-toxic. Handling galena under these specific conditions (such as in a museum or as part of geology instruction) poses practically no risk; however, as lead(II) sulfide is reasonably reactive in a variety of environments, it can be highly toxic if swallowed or inhaled, particularly under prolonged or repeated exposure.
Glossa ordinaria (Accursius)
The Glossa ordinaria (also known as Glossa magna, Glossa magistralis and Glossa accursiana) is a collection of 96,940 marginal annotations (glossa marginalis) in Latin by the Italian jurist Accursius (c. 1181/1185–1259/1263) on the Corpus Iuris Civilis, a collection of Roman law by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565). The name Glossa ordinaria refers to fact that the gloss by Accursius was the "ordinary" or "standard" gloss on the Corpus Iuris Civilis.

Modern scholarship contends that the Glossa ordinaria maintained its authoritative status as leading commentary on the Corpus Iuris Civilis in Europe up to the 17th century, which is signified by the adage "Quidquid non agnoscit Glossa, non agnoscit curia" (lit. 'Whatever the Gloss does not recognize, the court does not recognize').

Institutes (Justinian)
The Institutes (Latin: Institutiones) is a component of the Corpus Juris Civilis, the 6th-century codification of Roman law ordered by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I. It is largely based upon the Institutes of Gaius, a Roman jurist of the second century A.D. The other parts of the Corpus Juris Civilis are the Digest, the Codex Justinianus, and the Novellae Constitutiones ("New Constitutions" or "Novels").
1983 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1983 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 95th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1983. The championship began on 17 April 1983 and ended on 23 November 1983.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Nemo Rangers at the semi-final stage.

On 27 November 1983, Nemo Rangers won the championship following a 4-12 to 2-03 defeat of Clonakilty in the final. This was their seventh championship title overall and their first title since 1981.

Ephie Fitzgerald from the Nemo Rangers club was the championship's top scorer with 2-23.

1981 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1981 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 93rd staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship began on 26 April 1981 and ended on 4 October 1981.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Nemo Rangers at the semi-final stage.

On 4 October 1981, Nemo Rangers won the championship following a 3-11 to 0-06 defeat of Bantry Blues in the final. This was their sixth championship title overall and their first title since 1978.

Pat O'Driscoll was the championship's top scorer with 2-31.
Orthotetida
The orthotetides (Orthotetida) are an extinct order of brachiopods in the class Strophomenata. Though not particularly diverse or abundant relative to strophomenides (Strophomenida) or productides (Productida), orthotetides were nevertheless the longest-lasting order of strophomenates, surviving from the Middle Ordovician (“Llanvirn”) up until the Late Permian. Externally, many orthotetides are difficult to distinguish from strophomenides. Most fundamental differences between the two orders are internal: orthotetides have more elaborate cardinal processes and a greater diversity of shell microstructure.

Productida
Productida is an extinct order of brachiopods in the extinct class Strophomenata. Members of Productida first appeared during the Silurian. They represented the most abundant group of brachiopods during the Permian period, accounting for 45-70% of all species. The vast majority of species went extinct during the Permian-Triassic extinction event, though a handful survived into the Early Triassic. Many productids are covered in hollow tubular spines, which are characteristic of the group. A number of functions for the spines have been proposed, including as a defensive mechanism against predators.
Eau Rouge
The Eau Rouge is a small, 15-kilometre-long (9 mi) stream in the Belgian province of Liège. It is a  right tributary of the Amblève.

It starts in the Hautes Fagnes ("High Fens") and ends in Challes, near Stavelot in the river Amblève. The French words eau rouge mean "red water", and the river gets its name from the reddish coloration of the stones and riverbed due to the presence of iron-oxide deposits. The Eau Rouge is particularly geomorphologically interesting, as it appears to be using the old Warche river stream bed.

The Eau Rouge has been a border river for several periods in its existence, including an administrative boundary under the Roman Empire between Cologne and Tongeren, and the state border between the Netherlands and Prussia from 1815 to 1839 and then between Belgium and Prussia from 1839 to 1919.

Stavelot
Stavelot (French pronunciation: [stavlo] ⓘ; German: Stablo [ˈʃtablo]; Walloon: Ståvleu) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Francorchamps and Stavelot.

It is best known as the home of Spa-Francorchamps Circuit and the Laetare de Stavelot carnival.
Krishnavatara
Krishnavatara (Hindi: कृष्णावतार) is a series of seven novels written by K.M. Munshi. A projected eighth novel was not completed. The series is based on life of Lord Krishna and the epic Mahabharata series.

Vyasa
Vyasa (/ˈvjɑːsə/; Sanskrit: व्यास, lit. 'compiler, arranger', IAST: Vyāsa) is a rishi (sage) with a prominent role in most Hindu traditions. He is also known as Veda Vyasa (Sanskrit: वेदव्यास, lit. 'the one who classified the Vedas', IAST: Vedavyāsa) or Krishna Dvaipayana (Sanskrit: कृष्णद्वैपायन, IAST: Kṛṣṇadvaipāyana). Traditionally regarded as the author of the epic Mahābhārata, Vyasa also plays a prominent role as a character. He is also regarded by the Hindu traditions to be the compiler of the mantras of the Vedas into four texts, as well as the author of the eighteen Purāṇas and the Brahma Sutras.

Vyasa is regarded by many Hindus as a partial incarnation (Sanskrit: अंशावतार, IAST: Aṃśāvatāra) of Vishnu. He is one of the immortals called the Chiranjivis, held by adherents to still be alive in the current age known as the Kali Yuga.
Open (process)
open is a NeXTSTEP and macOS command line process that opens files, folders or URLs in the GUI as though the user had double clicked on them.  Files will be opened in the default application for their type, folders will be opened in the Finder or file system GUI, and URLs will be opened in the default browser.

It is based on the AppKit API -[NSWorkspace openURL:], which is stubbed to other OS alternatives on GNUstep if a GS application is not registered for a file.

GNUstep
GNUstep is a free software implementation of the Cocoa (formerly OpenStep) Objective-C frameworks, widget toolkit, and application development tools for Unix-like operating systems and Microsoft Windows. It is part of the GNU Project.

GNUstep features a cross-platform, object-oriented IDE.  Apart from the default Objective-C interface, GNUstep also has bindings for Java, Ruby, GNU Guile and Scheme. The GNUstep developers track some additions to Apple's Cocoa to remain compatible. The roots of the GNUstep application interface are the same as the roots of Cocoa: NeXTSTEP and OpenStep. GNUstep thus predates Cocoa, which emerged when Apple acquired NeXT's technology and incorporated it into the development of the original Mac OS X, while GNUstep was initially an effort by GNU developers to replicate the technically ambitious NeXTSTEP's programmer-friendly features.
KeAndre Bates
KeAndre Bates (born May 24, 1996) is an American track and field athlete who competes in the triple jump with a personal record of 17.16 m (56 ft 3+1⁄2 in) and Long jump 8.32 m (27 ft 3+1⁄2 in). Bates is a 3-time NCAA champion, 14-time NCAA Division I All-American and 3-time SEC champion. Bates represented  United States at 2013 World Youth Championships in Athletics, 2015 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships, 2016 NACAC Under-23 Championships, and 2018 NACAC Championships.

Florida Gators track and field
The Florida Gators track and field program represents the University of Florida in the sport of track and field.  The program includes separate men's and women's teams, both of which compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  The Gators host their home indoor meets in the Stephen C. O'Connell Center and their home outdoor meets at Percy Beard Track, both located on the university's Gainesville, Florida campus.  The Gators track teams are currently led by head coach Mike Holloway.
Stéphane Jorisch
Stéphane Jorisch is a Canadian artist and illustrator. He is a two-time winner of the Governor General's Award for French-language children's illustration, winning in 1993 for Le Monde selon Jean de ... and in 1999 for Charlotte et l'île du destin, and a two-time winner of the Governor General's Award for English-language children's illustration, in 2004 for Jabberwocky and in 2008 for The Owl and the Pussycat.

In 2008 he was also cowinner with Gilles Vigneault of the TD Canadian Children's Literature Award in the French division, for Un cadeau pour Sophie.

His daughter Édith Jorisch is a filmmaker. Her documentary film The Heir (L'héritier), about her grandfather's quest to reclaim art lost by the family to the Nazis during World War II, won a Prix Gémeaux in 2017 and the Michael Moskovitz Award for a Film in 2018.

Governor General's Award for French-language children's illustration
The Governor General's Award for French-language children's illustration is a Canadian literary award that annually recognizes one Canadian illustrator for a children's book written in French. It is one of four children's book awards among the Governor General's Awards for Literary Merit, one each for writers and illustrators of English- and French-language books. The Governor General's Awards program is administered by the Canada Council.

In name, this award is part of the Governor General's Award program only from 1987 but the four children's literature awards were established in 1975 under a Canada Council name. In the event, the "Canada Council" and "Governor General's" awards have recognized children's book illustration in a French-language children's book every year from 1977.
Trewyn House
Trewyn House, Llanvihangel Crucorney, Monmouthshire, Wales, is a country house dating from 1692. Its origins are older but the present building was constructed by the Delahayes at the very end of the 17th century when the house sat in Herefordshire. It has since been extended and reconstructed giving an "obscure and complicated" building history. The house is Grade II* listed. The parkland has traces of 17th-century terracing and a rare Grade II* listed dovecote. It is listed Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

John Newman (architectural historian)
John Arthur Newman FSA (14 December 1936 – 19 April 2023) was an English architectural historian. He was the author of several of the Pevsner Architectural Guides and was the advisory editor to the series.
Sinhala Ravaya
Sinhala Ravaya (Sinhala: සිංහල රාවය, transl. Sound of Sinhalese) is a far-right, ultranationalist Sinhalese Buddhist political party, which in alliance with the Bodu Bala Sena leads the nationalist campaign of Sinha-Le in Sri Lanka. Shalika Luckpriya Perera serves as the general secretary of the party.

Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism is a Sri Lankan political ideology which combines a focus upon Sinhalese culture and ethnicity (nationalism) with an emphasis upon Theravada Buddhism, which is the majority belief system of most of the Sinhalese in Sri Lanka. It mostly revived in reaction to the colonisation of Sri Lanka by the British Empire and became increasingly assertive in the years following the independence of the country.

Sinhalese nationalism has generally been influenced by the contents of the Mahavamsa, the major Pali chronicle, written in the 6th century.