hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penelopognathus
Penelopognathus (meaning "wild duck jaw") is a genus of hadrosauroid dinosaur which lived in the Early Cretaceous Bayin-Gobi Formation in what is now China. The discovery of this taxon contributes to the hypothesis that hadrosauroids originated in Asia. The type species, Penelopognathus weishampeli, named after David Weishampel, was described by Godefroit, Li, and Shang in 2005, based on fragmentary jaw fossils.

Its jaw is similar to that of Altirhinus and Probactrosaurus, suggesting that Penelopognathus was related to the two genera. Prieto-Márquez and Carrera Farias (2021) found that Telmatosaurus was the sister taxon to Penelopognathus, which was also found to be closely related to Lophorhothon, as opposed to Tethyshadros. Penelopognathus grew up to around 5 metres (16 ft) long and around 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall when fully grown.

Hadrosauroidea
Hadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or Hadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to Iguanodon. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian Probactrosaurus and Altirhinus, have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". With cladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes only Iguanodon and perhaps its closest relatives.
Ives (crater)
Ives is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1979. Ives is named for the American composer Charles Ives, who lived from 1874 to 1954.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Ives has a bright ray system.

Ives is northeast of Surikov crater and north of Michelangelo.

Surikov (crater)
Surikov is a crater on the planet Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1979. Surikov is named for the Russian painter Vasily Surikov.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Surkiov is an ancient crater - the outer rim is barely distinguishable, but the inner peak ring is apparent.  It is one of 110 peak ring basins on Mercury.

To the south of Surikov is Giambologna crater.
Austrian Armed Forces
The Austrian Armed Forces (Austrian German: Bundesheer, lit. 'Federal Army') are the combined military forces of Austria.

The military consists of 16,000 active-duty personnel and 125,600 reservists. The military budget is 1.0% of national GDP (including pensions) or €3.317 billion (2023, without pensions).

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Hadad (Bible)
Multiple biblical characters with the name Hadad (Hadar) existed.

Hadad is the name of the Semitic storm god.

Abraham's son Ishmael had a son named Hadar who was a chief.

Hadad ben Bedad, an early king of Edom.

Hada, the last king of Edom. He ruled from Pau, Edom. Hadad's wife was Queen Mehetabel ("God makes happy"), daughter of Matred and granddaughter of Me-Zahab.

Hadad the Edomite, a member of the royal house of Edom, who married the sister of Pharaoh's wife, Queen Tahpenes, and escaped from a massacre under Joab, fleeing to Egypt.

Hadad (son of Bedad)
Hadad (Hebrew: הֲדַד), son of Bedad (בְּדַד), was a king of Edom mentioned in the Bible, in Genesis 36:31-43. He succeeded Husham in the apparently elective kingship of the Edomites. He is described as having moved the capital of Edom to Avith, and of defeating the Midianites in Moab. He was succeeded by Samlah of Masrekah.
1988 Writers Guild of America strike
The 1988 Writers Guild of America strike was a strike action taken by members of both the Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE) and the Writers Guild of America, West (WGAW) against major United States television and film studios represented by the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP). The strike, which ran from March 7 to August 7, 1988, affected production on movies and TV shows. At 153 days, it remains the longest strike in the history of the WGA, surpassing the 1960 strike and the 2023 strike by 5 days each.

Big Three (American television)
From the 1950s to the 1980s, during the network era of American television, there were three commercial broadcast television networks – NBC (the National Broadcasting Company, "the Peacock Network"), CBS (the Columbia Broadcasting System, "the Eye Network"), ABC (the American Broadcasting Company, "the Alphabet Network") – that due to their longevity and ratings success are informally referred to as the "Big Three". The three networks' dominance was interrupted with the launch of Fox (the Fox Broadcasting Company, "the Searchlight Network") in 1986, leading it to join them as one of the expanded "Big Four", while the viewership shares of all the major broadcast networks declined over the following years.
USRC Washington (1832)
The United States Revenue Cutter Washington, named for Founding Father and the first U.S. president George Washington, was one of the 13 cutters of the Morris-Taney class.  These cutters were the backbone of the United States Revenue Cutter Service for more than a decade. Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates, privateers, combating smugglers and operating with naval forces.  He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept.  They had Baltimore Clipper lines. The vessels built by Webb and Allen, designed by Isaac Webb, resembled Humphreys' but had one less port.

Morris-Taney-class cutter
The Morris-Taney-class revenue cutters were 13 cutters built at New York City at the Webb and Allen shipyard between 1830 and 1833. These cutters were the backbone of the United States Revenue-Marine for more than a decade. Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates, privateers, combating smugglers and operating with naval forces.  He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept.  They had Baltimore Clipper lines. The vessels, built by Webb and Allen, were designed by Isaac Webb and resembled Humphreys' design but had one less port.

According to William Thiessen, this was the first class of cutters where all ships were identical.
Adoration of the Shepherds
The Adoration of the Shepherds is the traditional name for a New Testament episode in the story of Jesus's nativity, which is the subject of many works of art.  In it shepherds are near witnesses to Jesus's birth in Bethlehem, arriving soon after he is actually born. The episode is recounted, or at least implied, in the Gospel of Luke and follows on from the annunciation to the shepherds, in which the shepherds are summoned by an angel to the scene of the birth. Like the episode preceding it, the adoration is a common subject in art, where it is often combined with the Adoration of the Magi. In such cases it is typically just referred to by the latter title.

As well as many paintings and sculptures, the episode features in much Christmas music, both carols and classical music.

Shepherd
A shepherd is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations; it exists in many parts of the globe, and it is an important part of pastoralist animal husbandry.

Because the occupation is so widespread, many religions and cultures have symbolic or metaphorical references to shepherds. For example, Jesus called himself the Good Shepherd, and ancient Greek mythologies highlighted shepherds such as Endymion and Daphnis. This symbolism and shepherds as characters are at the center of pastoral literature and art.
Arabic nouns and adjectives
Arabic nouns and adjectives are declined according to case, state, gender and number. While this is strictly true in Classical Arabic, in colloquial or spoken Arabic, there are a number of simplifications such as loss of certain final vowels and loss of case. A number of derivational processes exist for forming new nouns and adjectives. Adverbs can be formed from adjectives.

Lexical item
In lexicography, a lexical item is a single word, a part of a word,  or a chain of words (catena) that forms the basic elements of a language's lexicon (≈ vocabulary). Examples are cat, traffic light, take care of, by the way, and it's raining cats and dogs. Lexical items can be generally understood to convey a single meaning, much as a lexeme, but are not limited to single words. Lexical items are like semes in that they are "natural units" translating between languages, or in learning a new language. In this last sense, it is sometimes said that language consists of grammaticalized lexis, and not lexicalized grammar. The entire store of lexical items in a language is called its lexis.

Lexical items composed of more than one word are also sometimes called  lexical chunks, gambits, lexical phrases, lexicalized stems, or speech formulae. The term polyword listemes is also sometimes used.
Medical algorithm
A medical algorithm is any computation, formula, statistical survey, nomogram, or look-up table, useful in healthcare.  Medical algorithms include decision tree approaches to healthcare treatment (e.g., if symptoms A, B, and C are evident, then use treatment X) and also less clear-cut tools aimed at reducing or defining uncertainty. A medical prescription is also a type of medical algorithm.

Medical prescription
A prescription in the medical context, often abbreviated ℞ or Rx, is a formal communication from physicians or other registered healthcare professionals to a pharmacist, authorizing them to dispense a specific prescription drug for a specific patient. Historically, it was a physician's instruction to an apothecary listing the materials to be compounded into a treatment—the symbol ℞ (a capital letter R, crossed to indicate abbreviation) comes from the first word of a medieval prescription, Latin recipe (lit. 'take thou'), that gave the list of the materials to be compounded. Requirements for content, who may prescribe, and how prescriptions are transmitted vary by country; many jurisdictions use electronic prescribing systems.
Parada Harahap
Parada Harahap (born 1899 in Sipirok, Dutch East Indies, died 1959 in Jakarta) was an important journalist and writer from the late colonial period and early independence era in Indonesia. In the 1930s, he was called the "king of the Java press". He pioneered a new kind of politically neutral Malay language newspaper in the 1930s which would cater to the rising middle class of the Indies.

Neratja (newspaper)
Neratja (Malay: balance, scales EYD: Neraca), later Hindia Baroe (Malay: new Indies, EYD: Hindia Baru), was a Malay language newspaper printed from 1917 to 1926 in Weltevreden, Dutch East Indies. Although originally founded with government support to be a Malay voice for the Dutch Ethical Policy, before long it became associated with the Sarekat Islam and the Indonesian National Awakening. Among its editors were important figures of the Indonesian national movement such as Abdul Muis and Agus Salim.
1993 Ms. Olympia
The 1993 Ms. Olympia contest was an IFBB professional bodybuilding competition was held on November 27, 1993, at the Beacon Theatre in New York City, New York. It was the 14th Ms. Olympia competition held.

Ms. Olympia
The IFBB Professional League Ms. Olympia (initially named the Miss Olympia) is female bodybuilding's most prestigious competition. The competition is part of Olympia Fitness & Performance Weekend  It was first held in 1980. It was held as part of the Joe Weider's Olympia Fitness & Performance Weekend from 2000 to 2014 and since 2020.

The male professional bodybuilding equivalent of the Ms. Olympia is the Mr. Olympia. The natural professional female bodybuilding equivalent to the Ms. Olympia is the INBA/PNBA Natural Olympia.
Kenya Ceramic Jiko
The Kenya Ceramic Jiko is a portable, charcoal-burning stove used for cooking, found primarily in urban homes in Kenya. It was developed through the collaboration of both local and international groups, to reduce fuel consumption.

Stove
A stove or range is a device that generates heat inside or atop the device for local heating or cooking. Stoves can be powered with many fuels, such as natural gas, electricity, gasoline, wood, and coal.

The most common materials stoves are made of are cast iron, steel, and stone.

Concerns about air pollution have fostered efforts to improve stove design. Pellet stoves, for instance, are a type of clean-burning stove. Air-tight stoves, another type, burn their fuel more completely than conventional ones and so reduce the amount of the combustion by-products. Another method of reducing air pollution is through the addition of a device to clean the exhaust gas, such as a filter or afterburner.

Research and development on safer and lower-emission stoves is continuously evolving.
Miss Peru 2007
Due to the restructuring that carried out the Miss Peru Organization split in two one for Miss Peru Universe and another one for Miss World Peru.

Jimena Elías Roca, former Miss Teen Peru 2005 and represented Peru in the Miss Teen International that same year, where she placed as 1st runner-up, was elected Miss Peru Universe on April 16, 2007. She was handpicked by the Corporacion Nacional de la Belleza who was in charge of sending their delegate to Miss Universe and other minor pageants. On May 2, Elías traveled to compete in the Miss Universe 2007 in Mexico City, Mexico. Later Odilia Garcia was appointed to represent Peru in the Miss Earth 2007 in Philippines, when she reach a spot in the Top 8.

Miss Earth 2007
Miss Earth 2007, the seventh edition of the Miss Earth pageant, was held on November 12, 2007 at the University of the Philippines Theater, on campus of the University of the Philippines Diliman in Quezon City, Philippines. 88 delegates competed for the title, making 2007 the largest edition of delegates for Miss Earth. The pageant was hosted by MTV Asia VJ Utt Panichkul, Priscilla Meirelles and Ginger Conejero. Hil Hernández from Chile crowned her successor Jessica Trisko from Canada the end of the event.

Pooja Chitgopekar from India won her second consecutive Miss Air title. Silvana Santaella from Venezuela was announced as Miss Water. She also won two special awards: Best in Swimsuit and Best in Long Gown. Ángela Gómez from Spain finished fourth as Miss Fire. Bokang Montjane from South Africa made the top 16 semi-finalist and received the Beauty for a Cause award.
Lipovec pri Kostelu
Lipovec pri Kostelu (pronounced [ˈliːpɔʋəts pɾi kɔˈsteːlu]) is a small remote settlement west of Kostel in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Kostel, Kostel
Kostel (pronounced [ˈkɔːstɛu̯]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kostel in southern Slovenia. It is located on the left bank of the Kolpa River next to the border with Croatia. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
2019 China Cup
The 2019 Gree China Cup International Football Championship (Chinese: 2019 年格力中国杯国际足球锦标赛) was the third edition of the China Cup, an international football tournament held in China annually. It took place from 21 to 25 March 2019 in the city of Nanning, Guangxi.

China Cup
The China Cup International Football Championship (Chinese: 中国杯国际足球锦标赛) is an annual association football tournament organized in China by  Wanda Sports Holdings. The Championship  was inaugurated in 2017 as a single-elimination tournament with four national teams, of which one is China, the host. It is planned to build up to eight teams.
Khonabad
Khonabad or Khonobod (Russian and Tajik: Хонобод) is a village and jamoat in northern Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Isfara in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 12,159 (2015). It consists of 6 villages, including Khonabad (the seat), Zarhok and Arabkishlak (Yakkachinor).

Zarhok
Zarhok (Russian and Tajik: Зархок Zarkhok) is a village in the Republic of Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Isfara in Sughd Region. It is located in the foothills of the Turkestan Range, on the river Isfara. It is in the centre of the largest fruit and vegetable producing region in Tajikistan.
Members Only (The Sopranos)
"Members Only" is the 66th episode of the HBO series The Sopranos, and the first of the show's sixth season. Written by Terence Winter and directed by Tim Van Patten, it aired originally on March 12, 2006.

The episode was the most watched cable program and third most popular program on cable or broadcast television on its premiere date, with about 9.5 million viewers. Critical reception was highly positive.

The Sopranos (The Sopranos episode)
"The Sopranos", also known as "Pilot", is the pilot episode of the HBO television drama series The Sopranos, premiering on January 10, 1999. It was written and directed by the series creator and executive producer, David Chase.
COLI Greenery Villas
COLI Greenery Villas (中海怡翠山庄 Zhōnghǎi Yícuì Shānzhuāng), also called COLI Greenery (中海怡翠 Zhōnghǎi Yícuì) for short, located at Bulong Road, Buji Sub-district, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China, is a real estate project of China Overseas Real Estate (Shenzhen) Limited. It covers about 280,000 square metres (69 acres) and offers 3207 housing units which can hold more than 10000 people. It began to be on sale on July 8, 1997 and was checked in on March 3, 2002.

Shangshuijing station
Shangshuijing station (Chinese: 上水径; pinyin: Shàngshuǐjìng Zhàn; Jyutping: soeng6 seoi2 ging3) is a station on Line 5 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 22 June 2011. It is located at a hillside west to Jihua Road, Buji Subdistrict, Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.
Kemer
Kemer is a seaside resort, municipality and district of Antalya Province, Turkey. Its area is 412 km2, and its population is 49,383 (2022). It is on the Mediterranean coast, 43 km (27 mi) west of the city of Antalya, on the Turkish Riviera.

Kemer is on the Gulf of Antalya, 53 km (33 mi) of sea coast with the skirts of the western Taurus Mountains behind. The coast has the typical Mediterranean hot, dry weather and warm sea. Until the early 1980s this was a quiet rural district, but today the town of Kemer and coastal villages in the district play a very important part in tourism in Turkey.

Gulf of Antalya
The Gulf of Antalya (Turkish: Antalya Körfezi) is a large bay of the northern Levantine Sea, in the eastern Mediterranean Sea south of Antalya Province, Turkey. It includes some of the main seaside resorts of Turkey, also known as the "Turkish Riviera".
Helix thessalica
Helix thessalica is a species of large, air-breathing land snail native to Europe. It is externally similar to Helix pomatia, but has a dark grey penis and vagina. The species has been long considered synonymous with H. pomatia.

Helix pomatia
Helix pomatia, known as the Roman snail, Burgundy snail, or escargot, is a species of large, air-breathing stylommatophoran land snail native to Europe. It is characterized by a globular brown shell. It is an edible species which commonly occurs synanthropically throughout its range.
Kintetsu Department Store
Kintetsu Department Store Co., Ltd. (株式会社近鉄百貨店, Kabushiki gaisha Kintetsu Hyakkaten) is a department store chain in the Kansai region, Japan. It is headquartered in Abenosuji Itchome, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.

Yodobashi Camera
Yodobashi Camera Co., Ltd. (株式会社ヨドバシカメラ, Kabushiki gaisha Yodobashi Kamera) is a major Japanese retail chain specializing in electronics, PCs, cameras and photographic equipment.

Yodobashi Camera's sales rank fourth among consumer electronics mass retailers in Japan, after Yamada Denki, Bic Camera, and K's Holdings. There are 24 stores operating as of May 2021. In recent years, the online shopping platform has been developed to become the second largest in Japan only behind Amazon (though sales of Amazon are over 10 times higher).
Kolvitsa
Kolvitsa (Russian: Ко́лвица) is a village (selo) in the administrative jurisdiction of the town of Kandalaksha in Murmansk Oblast, Russia.  The village is located beyond the Arctic Circle, on the Kolvitsa river near its confluence with Kolvitskaya Bay of Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea.

Municipally, the village is a part of Kandalaksha Urban Settlement in Kandalaksha Municipal District.

The first written mention of Kolvitsa dates back to 1563, when Mitrofan Kukin, a resident of Kandalaksha, donated his lands (including Kolvitsa) to Kandalaksha Monastery.

Kandalaksha
Kandalaksha is a town in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the head of Kandalaksha Gulf on the White Sea, north of the Arctic Circle. Population: 29,138 (2021 census); 35,654 (2010 census); 40,564 (2002 census); 54,080 (1989 Soviet census).
John Chancellor
John William Chancellor (July 14, 1927 – July 12, 1996) was an American journalist who spent most of his career with NBC News. He is considered a pioneer in television news. Chancellor served as anchor of the NBC Nightly News from 1970 to 1982 and continued to do editorials and commentaries for NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw until 1993.

The Huntley–Brinkley Report
The Huntley–Brinkley Report (sometimes known as The Texaco Huntley–Brinkley Report for one of its early sponsors) is an American television program broadcast by NBC. It was anchored by Chet Huntley in New York City and David Brinkley in Washington, D.C. It aired from October 29, 1956 to July 31, 1970, replacing Camel News Caravan and was replaced by NBC Nightly News. The program ran for 15 minutes at its inception but expanded to 30 minutes on September 9, 1963, exactly a week after the CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite did so. It was developed and produced initially by Reuven Frank. Frank left the program in 1962 to produce documentaries (Eliot Frankel replaced him) but returned to the program the following year when it expanded to 30 minutes. He was succeeded as executive producer in 1965 by Robert "Shad" Northshield and  by Wallace Westfeldt in 1969.
Mary Behrendsen Ward
Mary Behrendsen Ward (January 21, 1894 – May 13, 1985) was an American Poet and Fiction writer who was the first female Poet Laureate of Alabama from 1954 to 1959. She published over 600 poems in her professional career, in places such as The Birmingham News, and The New York Times, and won the top poetry award, The Century of Progress lyric prize, at the Chicago World's Fair in 1933.

Poet Laureate of Alabama
The poet laureate of Alabama is the poet laureate for the U.S. state of Alabama. The position was established in 1931 by an act of the Alabama Legislature.  Poets laureate, who must have been Alabama residents for at least 15 years, are chosen by the governor, and serve 4-year terms.
2013 Australian Open Grand Prix Gold
The 2013 Australia Open Grand Prix Gold was the third Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix tournament of the 2013 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre, Sydney, Australia April 2 until April 7, 2013 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Australian Open (badminton)
The Australian Open is an international badminton tournament held in Australia. It was upgraded to a Grand Prix Gold event in 2011, and between 2014 and 2017 it was part of the Super Series. From 2018 to 2022, it was classified as a Super 300 event on the BWF World Tour. Since 2023, the tournament has been elevated to Super 500 status.