hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flow velocity
In continuum mechanics the flow velocity in fluid dynamics, also macroscopic velocity in statistical mechanics, or drift velocity in electromagnetism, is a vector field used to mathematically describe the motion of a continuum. The length of the flow velocity vector is scalar, the flow speed.
It is also called velocity field; when evaluated along a line, it is called a velocity profile (as in, e.g., law of the wall).

Law of the wall
In fluid dynamics, the law of the wall (also known as the logarithmic law of the wall) states that the average velocity of a turbulent flow at a certain point is proportional to the logarithm of the distance from that point to the "wall", or the boundary of the fluid region. This law of the wall was first published in 1930 by Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer, and physicist Theodore von Kármán. It is only technically applicable to parts of the flow that are close to the wall (<20% of the height of the flow), though it is a good approximation for the entire velocity profile of natural streams.
Bangladesh Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972
Bangladesh Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972 was enacted by the Government of Bangladesh to establish a tribunal to prosecute local collaborators who helped or supported the Pakistan Army during the Bangladesh war of independence and the 1971 Bangladesh genocide. An estimated 11,000 collaborators were arrested. An estimated 2,884 cases were filed at the tribunal until October 1973. Of those accused, 752 were sentenced. Many detainees were released after the 15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état.

East Pakistan Central Peace Committee
East Pakistan Central Peace Committee was one of several committees formed in East Pakistan in 1971 to aid efforts of Pakistani forces during the Bangladesh War of Independence. Nurul Amin, as a leader of Pakistan Democratic Party, led the formation of the Shanti Committee to thwart the Mukti Bahini, which fought for independence of the region.
1990 Kvalserien
The 1990 Kvalserien was the 16th edition of the Kvalserien. It determined which team of the participating ones would play in the 1990–91 Elitserien season and which three teams would play in the 1990–91 Swedish Division 1 season.

Kvalserien
Kvalserien, also known as Kvalserien till SHL, was the Swedish round-robin ice hockey tournament to qualify for play in the next season of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL, previously named Elitserien), Sweden's top-level ice hockey league for men. It was replaced by a playoff round in the 2014–15 season.
Restio subverticillatus
Restio subverticillatus, the whorled restio, is a species of flowering plant in the family Restionaceae. It is endemic to the southwestern Cape Provinces of South Africa.

Growing to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) tall and 1.5 m (4.9 ft) broad, it is a tufted perennial with arching reed-like stems. Modified branches at each node produce whorls of foliage. It is dioecious, meaning that female and male plants are separate. Flowering in Spring, female flowers are white, while male flowers are yellow/grey.

This plant has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is grown primarily for its elegant arching foliage. As it does not bear temperatures below freezing, it requires protection during the winter months in colder areas.

Restionaceae
The Restionaceae, also called restiads and restios, are a family of flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere; they vary from a few centimeters to 3 meters in height. Following the APG IV (2016): the family now includes the former families Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae and Lyginiaceae, and as such includes 51 genera with 572 known species. Based on evidence from fossil pollen, the Restionaceae likely originated more than 65 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period, when the southern continents were still part of Gondwana.
KD Lekir
KD Lekir is the second ship of Kasturi-class corvette currently serving in the Royal Malaysian Navy. Together with her sister ship Kasturi, Lekir serves in the 22nd Corvette Squadron of the Royal Malaysian Navy.

Royal Malaysian Navy
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN, Malay: Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia; TLDM; Jawi: تنترا لاءوت دراج مليسيا‎) is the naval arm of the Malaysian Armed Forces. RMN is the main agency responsible for the country's maritime surveillance and defence operations. RMN's area of operation consists of 603,210 square kilometers covering the country's coastal areas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). RMN also bears the responsibility of controlling the country's main Sea Lines of Communications (SLOC) such as the Straits of Malacca and the Straits of Singapore and also monitors national interests in areas with overlapping claims such as in Spratly.
Artery of round ligament of uterus
The artery of the round ligament of the uterus, also known as Sampson's artery, is a branch of the inferior epigastric artery.
It runs under, and supplies, the round ligament of the uterus.
It constitutes an anastomosis of the uterine artery and ovarian artery.
It was originally named after John A. Sampson (1873–1946), an American gynecologist who studied endometriosis.

Inferior epigastric artery
In human anatomy, the inferior epigastric artery is an artery that arises from the external iliac artery.: 225  It is accompanied by the inferior epigastric vein; inferiorly, these two inferior epigastric vessels together travel within the lateral umbilical fold (which represents the lateral border of Hesselbach's triangle, the area through which direct inguinal hernias protrude.) The inferior epigastric artery then traverses the arcuate line of rectus sheath to enter the rectus sheath,: 234  then anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery within the rectus sheath.: 225
École Militaire
The École Militaire (French: [ekɔl militɛːʁ] ⓘ; lit. 'military school') is a complex of buildings in Paris, France, which house various military training facilities. It was founded in 1751 by King Louis XV and is located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, southeast of the Champ de Mars.

The building, constructed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, has continuously housed various military schools and institutions and is now home to two staff colleges for senior French Armed Forces officers and a military research institute. It has been classified as a national monument since 1990. This site can be visited during the European Heritage Days.

Coëtquidan
Académie militaire de Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan (French pronunciation: [akademi militɛʁ də sɛ̃ siʁ kwɛtkidɑ̃], lit. 'Military Academy of Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan', abbr. AMSCC) is a French military educational facility located in the Morbihan department of Brittany in France. It forms a part of the commune of Guer and covers an area of approximately 64 km2.

It comprises:

École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr (ESM)

École militaire interarmes (EMIA)  (combined arms school)

École militaire des aspirants de Coëtquidan (EMAC)
Conradina etonia
Conradina etonia is a rare species of shrub in the mint family known by the common name Etonia rosemary. It is endemic to Putnam County, Florida, where it is known from about 8 populations on Etoniah Creek State Forest containing fewer than 1000 total individuals. It has a specific habitat requirement and the main threat it faces is destruction and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

Putnam County, Florida
Putnam County is a county located in the northern part of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 73,321. Its county seat is Palatka. Putnam County comprises the Palatka, Florida micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Jacksonville—Kingsland—Palatka, Florida—Georgia combined statistical area. The county is centrally located between Jacksonville, Gainesville, St. Augustine, and Daytona Beach.
Junee Shire
The Junee Shire is a local government area in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire comprises an area of 2,030 square kilometres (780 sq mi) and is located adjacent to the Olympic Highway and the Main South railway line. It was formed on 1 January 1981 from the amalgamation of the Municipality of Junee and Illabo Shire resulting from the Local Government Areas Amalgamation Act 1980.

The Shire includes the town of Junee and the small towns of Bethungra, Illabo, Wantabadgery, Harefield, Old Junee, Junee Reefs, Dirnaseer and Eurongilly.

The mayor of Junee Shire is Cr. Neil Smith, an independent politician.

Dirnaseer, New South Wales
Dirnaseer is a locality in the north east part of the Riverina and situated about 42 kilometres south east of Temora and 50 kilometres west of Cootamundra.  At the 2006 census, Dirnaseer had a population of 170 people.
Shenton
Shenton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dadlington and Sutton Cheney, in the Hinckley and Bosworth district, in the county of Leicestershire, England, situated 2.20 miles (3.54 km) south-west of Market Bosworth.  Shenton was formerly a chapelry and township of the parish of Market Bosworth. The settlement is almost entirely agricultural, containing several farms. Much of the land has been in the same family since William Wollaston purchased the manor in 1625. It is essentially a privately owned estate village and has seen comparatively little modern development. It has been designated a conservation area. The settlement lies either side of the Sence Brook, which is crossed by a picturesque Victorian bridge. The area is fairly flat, and subject to flooding. In 1931 the parish had a population of 154.

Hinckley and Bosworth
Hinckley and Bosworth is a local government district with borough status in Leicestershire, England. The council is based in Hinckley, the largest town. The borough also includes the town of Earl Shilton and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The Bosworth in the borough's name refers to the small market town of Market Bosworth, near which the Battle of Bosworth Field was fought in 1485.

The neighbouring districts are North West Leicestershire, Charnwood, Blaby, Rugby, Nuneaton and Bedworth and North Warwickshire.
2025 Croatia Open Umag
The 2025 Croatia Open, also known as the Plava Laguna Croatia Open Umag for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 35th edition of the Croatia Open, and an ATP 250 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from 20 July until 26 July 2025. Second-seeded Luciano Darderi won the singles title.

Croatia Open
The Croatia Open (sponsored by Plava Laguna) is a men's ATP tennis tournament held in Umag, Croatia that is part of the 250 series of the ATP Tour.

The tournament began in 1990 when it was part of Yugoslavia, and is the oldest tennis tournament in Croatia. It began as the Yugoslav Open and has been played every year since. It is played on outdoor red clay courts. Carlos Moyá has won the tournament a record five times; he also holds the record for the most consecutive wins at three. His most recent win was in 2007. In 2016, the centre court stadium was named after Croatian tennis player Goran Ivanišević.
Jack Lee (musician)
Jack Lee (March 25, 1952 – May 26, 2023) was an American songwriter and musician best known for composing the songs "Hanging on the Telephone", covered by the new wave band Blondie, "Come Back and Stay", covered by the singer Paul Young, and "You Are My Lover", recorded by Suzi Quatro.

Alive Naturalsound Records
Alive Naturalsound Records (also known as Alive Records) is an independent record label formed in 1993 in Los Angeles, California by Patrick Boissel, specializing in garage rock, punk, psychedelic, and blues rock. It grew out of Boissel's association with the U.S. label Bomp! Records.
Coldham Lane Depot
Coldham Lane Depot is a traction maintenance depot located in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. The depot is situated on the eastern side of the Fen Line and is to the north of Cambridge Station.

The depot code was CA.

Fen Line
The Fen Line is a railway line in the east of England that links Cambridge in the south to King's Lynn in the north. The line runs through Cambridgeshire and Norfolk and the name of the line refers to the Fens which cover parts of Cambridgeshire, Norfolk and Lincolnshire. It is 41 miles 47 chains (66.9 km) in length and has eight stations.

The line is part of the Network Rail Strategic Route 5 and comprises SRS 05.06 and part of 05.05. It is classified as a secondary line except between Cambridge and Ely where it is classified as a London and South East commuter line.
2009 Sky Blue FC season
The 2009 Sky Blue FC season was the first season for Sky Blue FC in Women's Professional Soccer (WPS). In the league's inaugural season, the club finished fourth in the regular season with 26 points, qualifying for the playoffs. After victories over the Washington Freedom and Saint Louis Athletica, Sky Blue FC defeated the Los Angeles Sol, the top team in the regular season, in the championship match to become the first WPS champions.

Washington Freedom (soccer)
The Washington Freedom were an American professional soccer club based in the Washington, D.C. suburb of Germantown, Maryland, that participated in Women's Professional Soccer.  The Freedom was founded in 2001 as a member of the defunct Women's United Soccer Association.  Beginning in 2004, the Freedom played its home games at the Maryland SoccerPlex. In 2011, the team relocated to Boca Raton, Florida, and became magicJack.
Athletics at the 1975 Summer Universiade – Women's 3000 metres
The women's 3000 metres event at the 1975 Summer Universiade was held at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 18 September. It was the first time that an event this long was held for women at the Universiade.

Athletics at the 1975 Summer Universiade
With all other disciplines having been cancelled, the 1975 Summer Universiade only featured athletics events and was referred to as the World University Championships in athletics. The competition was held in Rome between 18 and 21 September.
Triticum timopheevii
Triticum timopheevii, Timopheev's wheat or Zanduri wheat (from Georgian ზანდური), is a tetraploid wheat that has both cultivated and wild forms. It is believed to have evolved in isolation from the more common Triticum turgidum; hybrids between T. timopheevii and T. turgidum are reportedly sterile with "a considerable amount of chromosomal irregularities in meiosis."

The wild form (formerly categorized as T. araraticum Jakubz.) can be found across south-eastern Turkey, north Iraq, west Iran and Transcaucasia - but the domesticated form is restricted to western Georgia.

Triticum turgidum
Triticum turgidum (with its various subspecies being known as pasta wheat, macaroni wheat and durum wheat) is a species of wheat. It is an annual and grows primarily in temperate areas and is native to countries around the eastern Mediterranean, down to Iran and east to Xinjiang, China.
Milcah
Milcah (Hebrew: מִלְכָּה, romanized: Mīlkā, related to the Hebrew word for "queen") was the 
daughter of Haran and the wife of Nahor, according to the genealogies of Genesis. She is identified as the mother of Bethuel and grandmother of Rebecca and Laban in biblical tradition, and some texts of the Midrash have identified her as Sarah's sister.

Laban (Bible)
Laban (Biblical Hebrew: לָבָן‎, romanized: Lāḇān, lit. 'White'), also known as Laban the Aramean, was a figure in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible. He was the brother of Rebekah, the woman who married Isaac and bore Jacob. Laban welcomed his nephew and set him the stipulation of seven years' labour before he permitted him to marry his daughter Rachel. Laban tricked Jacob into marrying his elder daughter Leah instead. Jacob then took Rachel as his second wife, on condition of serving an additional seven years' labour.

Laban and his family were described as dwelling in Paddan Aram, in Mesopotamia.
Change Islands
Change Islands is an outport community in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

The community spans two small islands of the same name which lie off the northeast coast of the island of Newfoundland between Notre Dame Bay and the Labrador Sea.

The community of Change Islands is located primarily on the larger South Island, today hosting approximately 184 residents, though most of the public buildings are on the North Island.

The Newfoundland Pony Refuge is located on Change Islands.

Newfoundland outport
An outport is the term given for a small coastal community in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Originally, the term was used for coastal communities on the island of Newfoundland, but the term has now been adopted for those on the mainland area of Labrador as well.
USCGC Iroquois
USCGC Iroquois (WHEC-43) was an Owasco-class high-endurance cutter built for World War II service with the United States Coast Guard. The war ended before the ship was completed and consequently she never saw wartime service.

Iroquois was built by Western Pipe & Steel at the company's San Pedro shipyard. Named after Lake Iroquois (Vermont), she was commissioned as a patrol gunboat with ID number WPG-43 on 9 February 1946. Her ID was later changed to WHEC-43 (HEC for "High Endurance Cutter" - the "W" signifies a Coast Guard vessel).

Owasco-class cutter
The Owasco-class cutter was a 255-foot (78 m) cutter class operated by the United States Coast Guard. A total of thirteen cutters in the class were built, all named after lakes. Eleven were constructed by the Western Pipe & Steel Company at San Pedro, California, while the remaining two—Mendota and Pontchartrain—were constructed by the Coast Guard Yard at Curtis Bay, Maryland. Initially heavily armed for World War II service and designated patrol gunboats (WPG) under the United States Navy designation system, the vessels were stripped of much of their armament shortly after the war, and in 1965 were redesignated high endurance cutters (WHEC) after the Coast Guard adopted its own designation system.
Jean d'Arras
Jean d'Arras (fl. 1392–1394) was a 14th-century writer from Northern France about whom little is known.

He collaborated with Antoine du Val and Fouquart de Cambrai in putting together a collection of stories entitled L'Évangile des quenouilles ("The spinners' gospel"). The frame story features a group of ladies at their spinning who relate the current theories on a great variety of subjects. The work is of considerable value for the light it throws on medieval manners, and for its echoes of folklore, sometimes deeply buried under layers of Christian tradition.

There were many editions of this book in the 15th and 16th centuries, one of which was printed by the early printer Wynkyn de Worde in English, as The Gospelles of Dystaves. A more modern edition (Collection Jannet) had a preface by Anatole France.

Anatole France
Anatole France (French: [anatɔl fʁɑ̃s]; born François-Anatole Thibault [frɑ̃swa anatɔl tibo]; 16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924) was a French poet, journalist, and novelist with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters. He was a member of the Académie Française, and won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his brilliant literary achievements, characterized as they are by a nobility of style, a profound human sympathy, grace, and a true Gallic temperament".

France is also widely believed to be the model for narrator Marcel's literary idol Bergotte in Marcel Proust's In Search of Lost Time.
Willene Johnson
Willene A. Johnson (born about 1947) is an American economist who is a former vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, former U.S. Executive Director of the African Development Bank, and a former president of the National Economic Association.

In 2011, Cornell University awarded her the Clifton R. Wharton Jr. Award for  "Outstanding Service, Leadership and Contribution to Economic Progress in Emerging Markets."

Clifton R. Wharton Jr.
Clifton Reginald Wharton Jr. (September 13, 1926 – November 16, 2024) was an American university president, corporate executive, and United States deputy secretary of state.

In his multiple careers, he was an African-American pioneer.
2015 UCI Road World Championships – Women's team time trial
The Women's team time trial of the 2015 UCI Road World Championships took place in and around in Richmond, Virginia, United States on September 20, 2015. The course of the race was 38.6 km (23.98 mi) with the start and finish in Richmond. It was the fourth edition of the team time trial event for UCI Women's Teams. Velocio–SRAM was the defending champion, having won all three previous editions in 2012, 2013 and 2014.

Velocio–SRAM maintained their 100% record in the event, winning the gold medal by 6.66 seconds ahead of Boels–Dolmans, with Rabo–Liv rounding out the podium, 56.12 seconds behind the winning time.

2013 UCI Road World Championships – Women's team time trial
The Women's team time trial of the 2013 UCI Road World Championships took place on 22 September 2013 in the region of Tuscany, Italy.

The course of the race was 42.79 km (26.6 mi) from the town of Pistoia to the Nelson Mandela Forum in Florence.
Guyana Trades Union Congress
The Guyana Trades Union Congress is a national trade union center in Guyana. It was founded in 1941 as the British Guiana Trades Union Council. It is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation.

International Trade Union Confederation
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC; French: Confédération syndicale international, CSI; German: Internationaler Gewerkschaftsbund, IGB; Spanish: Confederación Sindical Internacional, CSI) is the world's largest trade union federation.
Tendō Kōgen Prefectural Natural Park
Tendō Kōgen Prefectural Natural Park (天童高原県立自然公園, Tendō Kōgen kenritsu shizen-kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Established in 1967, the park lies wholly within the municipality of Tendō. The park's central feature is the eponymous Tendō plateau.

Tendō, Yamagata
Tendō (天童市, Tendō-shi) is a city located in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2020, the city had an estimated population of 61,947 in 22392 households, and a population density of 550 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 113.01 square kilometres (43.63 square miles).
Southgate, Florida
Southgate is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,287 at the 2020 census, down from 7,173 at the 2010 census. It is part of the North Port–Bradenton–Sarasota, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bradenton, Florida
Bradenton (/ˈbreɪdəntən/ ⓘ BRAY-dən-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Manatee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 55,698 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk and Bishop Museum of Science and Nature. To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota; beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, and the Manatee River and Palmetto are to its north.
Chalk Lake
Chalk Lake is a small lake in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States, adjacent to Chalk Creek in San Isabel National Forest. The lake and surrounding area is a day-use area along road 162 across Chalk Creek from the Chalk Creek Campground, and a fee is charged for use of the lake. Chalk Lake is directly north of Mount Antero and directly south of Mount Princeton. The Denver, South Park and Pacific Railroad grade is above the south side of the lake below Mount Antero.

Mount Princeton
Mount Princeton is a high and prominent mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 14,200.1 feet (4,328 m) fourteener is located in San Isabel National Forest, 7.8 miles (12.6 km) southwest (bearing 225°) of the Town of Buena Vista in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States.  The mountain was named in honor of Princeton University.