hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Breton mutations
Like all modern Celtic languages, Breton is characterised by initial consonant mutations, which are changes to the initial sound of a word caused by certain syntactic or morphological environments.  In addition, Breton, like French, has a number of purely phonological sandhi features caused when certain sounds come into contact with others.

The mutations are divided into four main groups, according to the changes they cause: soft mutation (Breton kemmadurioù dre vlotaat), hard mutation (kemmadurioù dre galetaat), spirant mutation (kemmadurioù c'hwezhadenniñ) and mixed mutation (kemmadurioù mesket).  There are also a number of defective (or incomplete) mutations which affect only certain words or certain letters.

Sandhi
Sandhi (/sænˈdiː/ san-DEE; Sanskrit: सन्धि, lit. 'joining', pronounced [sɐnˈdʱi]) is any of a wide variety of sound changes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries. Examples include fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of one sound depending on nearby sounds or the grammatical function of the adjacent words. Sandhi belongs to morphophonology.

Sandhi occurs in many languages, e.g. in the phonology of Indian languages (especially Sanskrit, Tamil,  Sinhala, Telugu, Marathi, Hindi, Pali, Kannada, Odia, Bengali, Assamese and Malayalam). Many dialects of British English show linking and intrusive R.

Tone sandhi in particular defines tone changes affecting adjacent words and syllables. This is a common feature of many tonal languages such as Burmese and Chinese.
Polytrichastrum formosum
Polytrichastrum formosum, commonly known as the bank haircap moss, is a species of moss belonging to the family Polytrichaceae.

It has a cosmopolitan distribution, found mostly in temperate latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and especially dominant in Europe and North America. However, it has also been identified in India, China, Nepal, Japan, Algeria, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Turkey, Syria, and the Atlantic islands (i.e. Iceland).

This species was previously called Polytrichum formosum but has been reclassified as Polytrichastrum formosum due to distinct sporangial features. Recent molecular studies suggest that it should be moved back to its original genus (Polytrichum), however bryologists have not yet reached a consensus.

Polytrichaceae
Polytrichaceae is a common family of mosses. Members of this family tend to be larger than other mosses, with the larger species occurring in particularly moist habitats. The leaves have specialized sheaths at the base and a midrib that bears photosynthetic lamellae on the upper surface. These mosses are capable of sustaining high rates of photosynthesis in the presence of ample light and moisture. Unlike all other mosses, the hydroid-based vascular system of these mosses is continuous from stem to leaf and can extract water from the soil through transpiration. Species in this group are dioicous, though some are monoicous. In most species, the sporophytes are relatively large, the setae are rigid, and the calyptrae are hairy. Most species have nematodontous peristomes with 32–64 teeth in their sporangium; some early-diverging genera instead have a stopper mechanism, which consists of the apical section of the columella, that seals the mouth of the capsule shut prior to dehiscence.
Disdyakis dodecahedron
In geometry, a disdyakis dodecahedron, (also hexoctahedron, hexakis octahedron, octakis cube, octakis hexahedron, kisrhombic dodecahedron) or d48, is a Catalan solid with 48 faces and the dual to the Archimedean truncated cuboctahedron. As such it is face-transitive but with irregular face polygons. It resembles an augmented rhombic dodecahedron. Replacing each face of the rhombic dodecahedron with a flat pyramid results in the Kleetope of the rhombic dodecahedron, which looks almost like the disdyakis dodecahedron, and is topologically equivalent to it. The net of the rhombic dodecahedral pyramid also shares the same topology.

Catalan solid
The Catalan solids are the dual polyhedra of Archimedean solids. The Archimedean solids are thirteen highly-symmetric polyhedra with regular faces and symmetric vertices. The faces of the Catalan solids correspond by duality to the vertices of Archimedean solids, and vice versa.
1980 Caribbean Series
The twenty-third edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was played in 1980. It was held from February 2 through February 7 with the champions teams from Dominican Republic (Tigres del Licey), Mexico (Naranjeros de Hermosillo), Puerto Rico (Vaqueros de Bayamón) and Venezuela (Leones del Caracas). The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice. The games were played at Estadio Quisqueya in Santo Domingo, D.R., which boosted capacity to 14.000 seats, and the first pitch was thrown by Antonio Guzmán, by then the President of Dominican Republic.

Caribbean Series
The Caribbean Series (Spanish: Serie del Caribe) is an annual club tournament contested by professional baseball teams in Latin America. It is organized by the Caribbean Professional Baseball Confederation. The series is normally played in February, after the various winter leagues have ended their national tournaments.

The Dominican Republic has won the most Caribbean Series championships (23), with Tigres del Licey being the most successful team in the tournament's history. The series has been won by 29 teams from seven countries. Only two teams have won the tournament two consecutive years, the most recent being Criollos de Caguas from Puerto Rico in 2017 and 2018.
A. E. B. Davie ministry
The A. E. B. Davie ministry was the combined Cabinet that governed British Columbia from April 1, 1887, to August 1, 1889. It was led by Alexander Edmund Batson Davie, the eighth premier of British Columbia.

Executive Council of British Columbia
The Executive Council of British Columbia (the Cabinet) is the Cabinet of the Canadian province of British Columbia. Almost always composed of members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role as the federal Cabinet of Canada is to the Canadian House of Commons.

Executive power is vested in the Crown: the lieutenant governor of British Columbia, as representative of the Crown, exercises executive power on the advice of the Cabinet as the lieutenant governor in Council. Members of the Cabinet are selected by the premier of British Columbia, who chairs the Cabinet.
1995 Dutch Open (tennis)
The 1995 Dutch Open was an ATP men's tennis tournament held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, after being transferred from Hilversum, and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 38th edition of the tournament that was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour and was held from 24 July until 30 July 1995. Unseeded qualifier Marcelo Ríos won his second title of the year, and the second as well of his career.

1995 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Ratmalana Electoral District
Ratmalana Electoral District was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between July 1977 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Ratmalana in Colombo District, Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Ratmalana electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Ratmalana continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.

Colombo Electoral District
Colombo Electoral District is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Colombo in the Western province. The district currently elects 19 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 1,765,351 registered electors in 2024. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 01.
Sotalol
Sotalol, sold under the brand name Betapace among others, is a medication used to treat and prevent abnormal heart rhythms. Evidence does not support a decreased risk of death with long term use. It is taken by mouth or given by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include a slow heart rate, chest pain, low blood pressure, feeling tired, dizziness, shortness of breath, problems seeing, vomiting, and swelling. Other serious side effects may include QT prolongation, heart failure, or bronchospasm. Sotalol is a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor blocker which has both class II and class III antiarrhythmic properties.

Sotalol was first described in 1964 and came into medical use in 1974. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 296th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
The beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2 adrenoreceptor), also known as ADRB2, is a cell membrane-spanning beta-adrenergic receptor that binds epinephrine (adrenaline), a hormone and neurotransmitter  whose signaling, via adenylate cyclase stimulation through trimeric Gs proteins, increases cAMP, and, via downstream L-type calcium channel interaction, mediates physiologic responses such as smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.

Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka's study of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor as a model system earned them the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors".

The official symbol for the human gene encoding the β2 adrenoreceptor is ADRB2.
1990 in video games
1990 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake, Dr. Mario, Dragon Quest IV, Final Fantasy III, Phantasy Star II, and Super Mario World, along with new titles such as Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon and the Blade of Light and Magic Sword. The year's highest-grossing arcade video games were Final Fight in Japan and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the United States. The year's best‑selling system was the Game Boy, while the year's best-selling home video game was Super Mario Bros. 3 for the Nintendo Entertainment System.

TurboExpress
The TurboExpress is an 8-bit handheld game console by NEC Home Electronics, released in late 1990 in Japan and the United States, branded as the PC Engine GT in Japan and TurboExpress Handheld Entertainment System in the U.S. It is essentially a portable version of the TurboGrafx-16 home console that came out one to three years earlier. Its launch price in Japan was ¥44,800 and US$249.99 (equivalent to $600 in 2024) in the U.S.

The TurboExpress was technically advanced for the time, able to play all the TurboGrafx‑16's HuCard games, featuring a backlit, active-matrix color LCD screen, and optional TV tuner.

The TurboExpress primarily competed with Nintendo's Game Boy, Sega's Game Gear, and the Atari Lynx. With 1.5 million units sold, far behind its two main competitors, NEC failed to gain significant sales or market share in the handheld market.
1991 CCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 1991 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 20th CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 1 and March 9, 1991. First round games were played at campus sites, while 'final four' games were played at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. By winning the tournament, Lake Superior State received the Central Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

CCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The CCHA Tournament is the conference tournament for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA), an NCAA Division I men's ice hockey conference that originally operated from 1971 to 2013 and has been revived effective in 2021. The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth into the NCAA Tournament.  The winner of the tournament also receives the Mason Cup, which was first presented in 2001. In other years, the trophy was known as the CCHA Tournament Championship Trophy.
2011 Amstel Gold Race
The 2011 Amstel Gold Race was the 46th running of the Amstel Gold Race, a single-day cycling race. It was held on 17 April 2011 over a distance of 260.4 kilometres (161.8 miles) and was the tenth race of the 2011 UCI World Tour season.

Omega Pharma–Lotto's Philippe Gilbert claimed victory for the second successive year after making a decisive move in the race's closing stages, attacking the field on the final climb of the race – the 12% gradient Cauberg – and thus becoming the first rider to win two Amstel Gold Races since Rolf Järmann won the race in 1993 and 1998. Gilbert also became only the second rider to win the race in consecutive years after Jan Raas' four consecutive victories between 1977 and 1980. Team Katusha's Joaquim Rodríguez finished the race in second place, having been the last challenger to Gilbert on the Cauberg, with the podium completed by Team Sky rider Simon Gerrans.

1998 Amstel Gold Race
The 1998 Amstel Gold Race was the 33rd edition of the annual Amstel Gold Race road bicycle race, held on Sunday April 25, 1998, in the Dutch province of Limburg. The race stretched 257.3 kilometres, with the start and finish in Maastricht. There were 193 competitors, with 84 cyclists finishing the race.
Cat coat genetics
Cat coat genetics determine the colouration, pattern, length, and texture of feline fur. The variations among cat coats are physical properties and should not be confused with cat breeds. A cat may display the coat of a certain breed without actually being that breed. For example, a Neva Masquerade (Siberian colourpoint) could wear point colouration, the typical coat of a Siamese.

Awn hair
Awn hairs are the intermediate hairs in a mammal's coat. They are shorter than the guard hairs and longer than the down hairs. They help with insulation and protect the down hairs underneath. Most of the visible coat is made of this kind of hair.

Among rabbits, each guard hair is surrounded by a number of awn hairs. The awn hairs are slightly shorter, and have a flat (rather than pointed) tip. They also are slightly wavy and have a thinner cortex. Clustered around each awn hair are two more hair types, the awn wool and underwool.

Awn hair is also known as grannenhaare. Awn hairs are distally thicker in comparison to down hair and have a shift in the shape towards the top of the hair. There is another version of awn hair, known as grannenflaumhaare or down awn hair, which is thin and crimped like underfur towards the proximal end of the hair, while the thickened distal end resembles the corresponding part of a guard hair.
2022 Pateros local elections
Local elections were held in Pateros on May 9, 2022, as a part of the Philippine general election. The voters elected local elective posts in the municipality: the mayor, vice mayor, district representative of Pateros-Taguig, and councilors, six in each of the city's two legislative districts.

2022 Philippine general election
The 2022 Philippine general election took place on May 9, 2022, for the executive and legislative branches of government at every level – national, provincial, and local – except for the barangay officials.

At the top of the ballot is the election for the successors to President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo. There were also elections for:

12 seats of the Senate

All 316 seats of the House of Representatives

All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats of the provincial boards in all provinces

All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats of the city councils in all cities

All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats of the municipal councils in all municipalities

The first election of the Bangsamoro Parliament was scheduled to be held on the same date, but was rescheduled to 2025.

This is the first election in Davao de Oro under that name, as it was renamed from Compostela Valley in December 2019 after a successful plebiscite.
Big Spring Herald
The Big Spring Herald is a newspaper based in Big Spring, Texas, covering the Howard County area of West Texas. It published on weekday afternoons and Sunday mornings. It is owned by Horizon Publications Inc.

Howard County, Texas
Howard County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. At the 2020 census, its population was 34,860. Its county seat is Big Spring. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1882. It is named for Volney E. Howard, a U.S. Congressman from Texas.

Howard County is included in the Big Spring, Texas micropolitan statistical area.
Seymour Collection
The Seymour Collection is a collection of philatelic material relating to the development and operation of the de Havilland Comet aircraft, that forms part of the British Library Philatelic Collections. The collection was formed by Kenneth Seymour and donated to the library by his daughter Yvonne Wallace and his son Derek Seymour in 2003.

British Library Philatelic Collections
The British Library Philatelic Collections is the national philatelic collection of the United Kingdom with over 8 million items from around the world. It was established in 1891 as part of the British Museum Library, later to become the British Library, with the collection of Thomas Tapling. In addition to bequests and continuing donations, the library received consistent deposits by the Crown Agency and has become a primary research collection for British Empire and international history. The collections contain a wide range of artefacts in addition to postage stamps, from newspaper stamps to a press used to print the first British postage stamps.
Opcode prefix
In computing, an opcode prefix is a numeric value that alters the function of a following opcode. On some instruction set architectures multiple opcode prefixes are allowed sequentially, with all combining to alter the subsequent opcode. The opcode prefix is a portion of a larger machine language instruction that specifies the operation to be performed.

In addition to the opcode, some instructions specify the operands the operation will act upon. Opcode prefixes may alter the number, size, or addressing mode of the operands.

RISC processors do not use opcode prefixes.

Addressing mode
Addressing modes are an aspect of the instruction set architecture in most central processing unit (CPU) designs. Addressing modes define how the machine language instructions in that architecture identify the operand(s) of each instruction. An addressing mode specifies how to calculate the effective memory address of an operand by using information held in registers and/or constants contained within a machine instruction or elsewhere.

In computer programming, addressing modes are primarily of interest to those who write in assembly languages and to compiler writers.  For a related concept see orthogonal instruction set which deals with the ability of any instruction to use any addressing mode.
Exchange Square (Hong Kong)
Exchange Square (Chinese: 交易廣場; Jyutping: gaau1 jik6 gwong2 coeng4) is a building complex located in Central, Hong Kong. It houses offices and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. It is served by the Central and Hong Kong stations of the MTR metro system.

Most of the Exchange Square is owned by Hong Kong Land, with the remaining portion owned by the Government. The building has three blocks, namely, One Exchange Square, Two Exchange Square and Three Exchange Square. A shopping block known as The Forum was redeveloped as an office building in 2011–14.

The ground level houses a large bus terminus, Central (Exchange Square) Bus Terminus.

Hong Kong station
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港; Cantonese Yale: Hēunggóng) is a station of the MTR metro system in Hong Kong. It is the eastern terminus of the Tung Chung line and Airport Express. It is situated between Man Cheung Street and Harbour View Street, Central, Hong Kong Island, and sits underneath the International Finance Centre (IFC). It opened on 22 June 1998.

The station is connected to Central by a pedestrian subway. The walk between the two stations typically takes three to six minutes. The tunnels, which cross under Connaught Road Central, are equipped with moving walkways. Hong Kong station provides an in-town check-in service for flights departing Hong Kong International Airport and free shuttle bus services to most major hotels in the Central and Wan Chai areas.
Beibut Atamkulov
Beibut Atamkulov (Kazakh: Бейбіт Бәкірұлы Атамқұлов, Beibıt Bäkırūly Atamqūlov; born 19 May 1964) is a Kazakh politician and diplomat currently serving as the Minister of Industry and Infrastructure Development. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from December 2018 to September 2019. Atamkulov has an economic and financial background. Previously, Atamkulov served as the head of the newly created Ministry of Defence and Aerospace Industry of Kazakhstan.

Ministers of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Сыртқы істер министрі, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Syrtqy ıster ministrı; Russian. Министр иностранных дел Республики Казахстан) is an official in the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, responsible for ensuring the implementation of foreign policy. He/She heads the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan can independently appoint and dismiss the minister without consulting the Parliament.

The current foreign minister of Kazakhstan is Ermek Köşerbaev.
Shuhada District
Shuhada District, (Persian: شهرستان شُهدا, romanized: Šahrestâne Šohadā), is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan Province in northeastern Afghanistan. It is located in the central-western part of the province, bordering Baharak District to the north and west, Jurm District to the east, and Yawan District to the south. The district was officially separated from Baharak District in the late 20th century as part of administrative reforms.

Jurm District
Jurm District (Dari: جرم) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan province in northeastern Afghanistan. The district capital is the town of Jorm. The district is 3 hours from the center of the province in Fayzabad, and is home to approximately 42,671 residents. The highest point of the Afghan Hindu Kush is located in Jurm District, at 6,729 meters. The district consists of population clusters and villages. Ferghamenj, Kyb, Kyteb, Ularyb, Ferghameru, Khustak, and Iskan are the clusters. Each cluster contain villages; the district is largely Tajik speaking.