hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfama
The Alfama (Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈfɐmɐ]) is the oldest neighborhood of Lisbon, spreading on the slope between the São Jorge Castle and the Tagus river. The district includes the freguesias (parishes) of São Miguel, Santo Estêvão, São Vicente de Fora and part of the two streets, "Freguesia da Sé: Rua do Barão" and "Rua São João da Praça". It contains many important historical attractions, as well as an abundance of Fado bars and restaurants.

Lisbon Cathedral
The Cathedral of Saint Mary Major (Portuguese: Santa Maria Maior de Lisboa or Sé-Catedral Metropolitana Patriarcal de Santa Maria Maior de Lisboa), often called Lisbon Cathedral or simply the Sé (Sé de Lisboa), is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in Lisbon, Portugal. It is the oldest church in the city, built in 1147. The cathedral has survived many earthquakes and has been modified, renovated and restored several times, resulting in a mix of different architectural styles. It is the seat of the Patriarchate of Lisbon, and has been classified as a National Monument since 1910.
Salmo, British Columbia
Salmo is a village in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. It is mostly on the north side of Erie Creek at the confluence with the Salmo River. The place lies largely east of the junction of BC Highway 3 (about 42 kilometres (26 mi) southeast of Castlegar), and BC Highway 6 (about 41 kilometres (25 mi) south of Nelson, and 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the US border).

Nelson, British Columbia
Nelson is a city in British Columbia, Canada. The city contains heritage buildings constructed during the regional silver rush of 1886. Along with Castlegar and Trail, Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region. The city is the seat of the Regional District of Central Kootenay. It is represented in the provincial legislature by the riding of Nelson-Creston, and in the Parliament of Canada by the riding of Columbia-Kootenay-Southern Rockies.
2015 Men's British Open Squash Championship
The Men's Allam British Open 2015 is the men's edition of the 2015 British Open Squash Championships, which is a PSA World Series event (Prize money : 150,000 $). The event took place at the Sports Arena in Hull in England from 11–17 May 2015. Mohamed El Shorbagy won his first British Open trophy, beating Grégory Gaultier in the final.

2015 PSA World Series
The PSA World Series 2015 is a series of men's and women's squash tournaments which are part of the Professional Squash Association (PSA) World Tour for the start of 2015 squash season. The PSA World Series tournaments are some of the most prestigious events on the men's and women's tour.
2014 Copa San Juan Gobierno
The 2014 Copa San Juan Gobierno was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in San Juan, Argentina between 13 and 19 October 2014.

Copa San Juan Gobierno
The Copa San Juan Gobierno is a tennis tournament held in San Juan, Argentina since 2012. The event has been part of the ATP Challenger Tour from 2012 until 2014. From 2015 on, the event is part of the ITF Men's Circuit. The tournament is played on clay courts, until 2016 at the Club Banco Hispano and from 2017 on at the San Juan Lawn Tennis Club.
Nonhyeon-dong, Seoul
Nonhyeon-dong (Korean: 논현동) is a ward of Gangnam District, Seoul, South Korea. It borders Apgujeong and Sinsa-dong on the north, Samseong-dong on the northeast, and Yeoksam-dong to the south.

Hakdong Park is located in the neighborhood.

Yeoksam-dong
Yeoksam-dong (Korean: 역삼동) is a ward of Gangnam District, Seoul, South Korea. Teheran-ro runs through Yeoksam-dong and has some of the tallest buildings in Seoul, comprising a collection of corporate headquarters and high-rise office buildings.
Bois du Parc National Nature Reserve
The Bois du Parc National Nature Reserve (RNN39) is a National Nature Reserve located in the department of Yonne. Established in 1979, it spreads over 45 hectares (110 acres), and its most interesting features are its steep-sided cliffs in an important coral reef dating from the Jurassic period.

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
Humanitarian response by non-governmental organizations to the 2010 Haiti earthquake
The humanitarian responses by non-governmental organizations to the 2010 Haiti earthquake included many organisations, such as  international, religious, and regionally based NGOs, which immediately pledged support in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Besides a large multi-contingency contribution by national governments, NGOs contributed significantly to both on-the-ground rescue efforts and external solicitation of aid for the rescue efforts.

Oxfam
Oxfam is a British-founded confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs), focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It began as the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief in Oxford, UK, in 1942, to alleviate World War Two related hunger and continued in the aftermath of the war. Oxfam has an international presence with operations in 79 countries and 21 members in the Oxfam Confederation in Australia, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North and Latin America and the Caribbean.

Since 2005, Oxfam International has been involved in a series of controversies as it expanded, especially concerning its operations in Haiti and Chad. There have been criticisms of its management of operations in the UK as well.
El Salto, Jalisco
El Salto is a city, and the surrounding municipality of the same name, in the central region of the Mexican state of Jalisco.

The municipality covers a surface area of 92.75 km2 (35.81 sq mi) with a population of 232,852. It is surrounded, in a clockwise direction from the north, by the municipalities of Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, Juanacatlán, and Tlajomulco de Zúñiga.
It was created on 22 December 1943, with its excision from the municipality of Juanacatlán.

Tlajomulco de Zúñiga
Tlajomulco de Zúñiga  is the municipal seat and third most populous city in the municipality of the same name, located in the state of Jalisco in central-western Mexico. It forms part of the Guadalajara metropolitan area, lying to the southeast of it. The municipality covers an area of 636.93 km2. As of 2010 it had a population of 416,626, with a total urban population of 378,965.

Its name is interpreted from Nahuatl as "Land in the Corner."

As it is part of the Guadalajara metropolitan area, it has an industrial base and is a large commercial area. Guadalajara International Airport is located in the municipality.
Beaumont Hill
54°33′32″N 1°32′55″W﻿ / ﻿54.55889°N 1.54861°W﻿ / 54.55889; -1.54861

Beaumont Hill is a village in the borough of Darlington and the traditional and ceremonial counties of Durham in England, situated directly to the north of Darlington on the A167 road.

Borough of Darlington
The Borough of Darlington is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham, England. Since 1997 Darlington Borough Council has been a unitary authority; it is independent from Durham County Council. It is named after its largest settlement, the town of Darlington, where the council is based. The borough also includes a rural area surrounding the town which contains several villages. The population of the borough at the 2021 census was 107,800, of which over 86% (93,015) lived in the built-up area of Darlington itself.

Since 2016 the council has been a member of the Tees Valley Combined Authority, which has been led by the directly elected Tees Valley Mayor since 2017.

The neighbouring districts are the County Durham district to the north and west, Stockton-on-Tees to the east and North Yorkshire to the south, the River Tees forming the border for the latter.
Cocrystal
In materials science (specifically crystallography), cocrystals are "solids that are crystalline, single-phase materials composed of two or more different molecular or ionic compounds generally in a stoichiometric ratio which are neither solvates nor simple salts." A broader definition is that cocrystals "consist of two or more components that form a unique crystalline structure having unique properties." Several subclassifications of cocrystals exist.

Cocrystals can encompass many types of compounds, including hydrates, solvates and clathrates, which represent the basic principle of host–guest chemistry. Hundreds of examples of cocrystallization are reported annually.

Water of crystallization
In chemistry, water(s) of crystallization or water(s) of hydration are water molecules that are present inside crystals. Water is often incorporated in the formation of crystals from aqueous solutions. In some contexts, water of crystallization is the total mass of water in a substance at a given temperature and is mostly present in a definite (stoichiometric) ratio. Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation.

Upon crystallization from water, or water-containing solvents, many compounds incorporate water molecules in their crystalline frameworks. Water of crystallization can generally be removed by heating a sample but the crystalline properties are often lost.

Compared to inorganic salts, proteins crystallize with large amounts of water in the crystal lattice. A water content of 50% is not uncommon for proteins.
Pazzawta of Prome
Pazzawta (Burmese: ပဇ္ဇော်တ, [pəzɔ̀ta̰] or [pɪʔzɔ̀ta̰]) was governor of Prome (Pyay) from c. 1288 to 1305. He was chief minister of Viceroy Thihathu of Prome. According to the Yazawin Thit chronicle, Pazzawta became the de facto governor after Thihathu's death, and was later formally appointed governor by King Kyawswa of Pagan. Main chronicles do not mention him at all.

Kyawswa of Pagan
Kyawswa (Burmese: ကျော်စွာ, pronounced [tɕɔ̀zwà]; 2 August 1260 – 10 May 1299) was king of the Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1289 to 1297. Son of the last sovereign king of Pagan Narathihapate, Kyawswa was one of many "kings" that emerged after the collapse of the Pagan Empire in 1287. Though still styled as King of Pagan, Kyawswa's effective rule amounted to just the area around Pagan city. Felt threatened by the three brothers of Myinsaing, who were nominally his viceroys, Kyawswa decided to become a vassal of the Yuan dynasty, and received such recognition from the Yuan in March 1297. He was ousted by the brothers in December 1297 and killed, along with his son, Theingapati, on 10 May 1299.
Eucalyptus kitsoniana
Eucalyptus kitsoniana, commonly known as the Gippsland mallee or bog gum, is a species of small tree or mallee and is endemic to Victoria. It has mostly smooth bark, a crown containing juvenile, intermediate and adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and sessile, cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
P. Ganesan
P. Ganesan is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Uthiramerur constituency. He represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by K. Sundar.

14th Tamil Nadu Assembly
The Fourteenth Assembly of Tamil Nadu was constituted after the victory of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and allies, in the 2011 state assembly election. J. Jayalalithaa became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu due to the election. She was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for the third time.
Gümüşler, Niğde
Gümüşler is a town (belde) in the Niğde District, Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,950 (2022). It is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east of the city of Niğde. During the Byzantine era, its name was Tracias. The most important Byzantine building in the town is Gümüşler Monastery, which is a cave monastery.

Niğde
Niğde (Turkish pronunciation: [ni:de]; Ancient Greek: Νίγδη; Hittite: Nahita, Naxita) is a city and is located in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Niğde Province and Niğde District. Its population is 170,511 (2022). It lies at an elevation of 1,276 m (4,186 ft).

The city is small with plenty of green space and gardens around the houses. Its people generally tend to be religious and conservative.

Medieval monuments are scattered about the centre of the town, especially around the market place.

The nearest airport is Nevşehir Kapadokya Airport (NAV) which is 90.6 km (50.6 miles) away.
Dudleya ingens
Dudleya ingens is a species of perennial succulent plant in the family Crassulaceae commonly known as the rock liveforever or Baja liveforever. A relatively large member of the genus Dudleya, this species has long green succulent leaves, and in April to June is characterized by pale yellow to white pink-tinged flowers topping tall, reddish inflorescences. It has a stem clothed densely with old, leathery leaves, and the inflorescence may be nodding, with the floral branches bearing the flowers tending to unfurl like the fronds of a fern. It is similar in appearance to Dudleya brittonii, but differs in range and chromosome number. This species is endemic to the state of Baja California in Mexico, being found from Santo Tomás to the southern coast of the state.

Reid Venable Moran
Reid Venable Moran (June 30, 1916 – January 21, 2010) was an American botanist and the curator of botany at the San Diego Natural History Museum from 1957 to 1982.

Moran was the world authority on the Crassulaceae, a family of succulent plants, and in particular the genus Dudleya, the subject of his Ph.D. dissertation. He named at least 18 plants new to science — some in that family and some not — and published many papers elucidating relationships within the Crassulaceae. As a mark of the respect he earned among his peers, more than a dozen plants have been named for him. Jane Goodall described Moran as "a sort of living myth in botanical exploration in Baja California and the Pacific Islands of Mexico," citing specifically his analysis of the environmental impact of introduced species (especially goats) on the flora of Guadalupe Island.
Protests in Armenia
This is a list of protests in Armenia in chronological order:

1965 Yerevan demonstrations

Karabakh movement (1988–1991)

1996 Armenian presidential election protests

2003–04 Armenian protests

2008 Armenian presidential election protests

2011 Armenian protests

Mashtots Park Movement (2012)

2013 Armenian protests

Electric Yerevan (2015)

2018 Armenian Velvet Revolution

October 2018 protests in Armenia

2020–2021 Armenian protests

2022 Armenian protests

2023 Armenian protests

2024 Armenian protests

Mashtots Park Movement
Mashtots Park Movement (Armenian: Մաշտոցի պուրակի շարժում), also known as #SaveMashtotsPark and OccupyMashtots began as a sit-in on February 11, 2012 in Mashtots Park, Yerevan. The protest was initiated by "This City Belongs to Us" civic initiative, and grew into a full-scale movement. The main issues were illegal or inadequate constructions, the destruction of trees and green zones in Yerevan, but now the questions of citizens' self-determination, fight against corruption and oligarchy, the prevalence of public interests over private have been raised. While the US occupy movements act against the bureaucratic system resulting in social and economic inequality, Mashtots Park Movement places itself in a different socioeconomic context - oligarchy, "people above the law" who, having economical and political resources, place their interests above those of the people.
Renault DeZir
The Renault DeZir is a zero-emissions electric concept car that was first officially presented at the 2010 Paris Motor Show. The car is a 2-seat coupe with butterfly doors and the interior is finished in red leather. The concept butterfly doors open like a conventional butterfly door on the driver's side and a suicide door on the passenger's side.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".
Newbiggin, south Wensleydale
Newbiggin is a village and civil parish in Bishopdale, a side dale on the south side of Wensleydale, in the Yorkshire Dales in North Yorkshire, England.  The population was estimated at 80 in 2012.

The name Newbiggin derived from the words 'niwe', which is Old English for 'new' and 'bigging', a word from Middle English, said to mean 'building'. This translates to New Building in today's language.

Wensleydale
Wensleydale is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines. The dale is named after the village of Wensley, formerly the valley's market town. The principal river of the valley is the Ure, which is the source of the alternative name Yoredale. The majority of the dale is within the Yorkshire Dales National Park; the part below East Witton is within the national landscape of Nidderdale.

Addlebrough, at 481 metres (1,578 feet), dominates the landscape of the upper dale, and Penhill, at 526 metres (1,726 feet), is prominent in the lower dale. The dale lends its name to the Yoredale Group of Carboniferous rocks. The dale is famous for its cheese, with the main commercial production at Hawes.
Y-Dang Troeung
Y-Dang Troeung (1980–2022) was a professor and author, specializing in critical refugee studies, critical disability studies, and transnational Asian studies. Born in a Cambodian refugee camp in Thailand in 1980, Troeung moved to Canada as a baby. After completing her PhD in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, she was a professor at City University of Hong Kong and later University of British Columbia. She wrote Refugee Lifeworlds (2022) and Landbridge (2023), which was published after her death from pancreatic cancer.

Asian studies
Asian studies is the term used usually in North America and Australia for what in Europe is known as Oriental studies. The field is concerned with the Asian people, their cultures, languages, history and politics. Within the Asian sphere, Asian studies combines aspects of sociology, history, cultural anthropology, cultural studies, and many other disciplines to study political, cultural and economic phenomena in Asian traditional and contemporary societies. Asian studies form a field of post-graduate study in many universities.

It is a branch of area studies, and many Western universities combine Asian and African studies in a single faculty or institute, like SOAS in London. It is often combined with Islamic studies in a similar way. The history of the discipline in the West is covered under Oriental studies.

The International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) only considers Asia to the east of the Indus River in its scope of "Asian Studies".
Coachella Festival line-ups
Coachella is a music festival organized by the Los Angeles-based concert promoter Goldenvoice (a subsidiary of AEG Live). It takes place annually at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California. The event is known for its large art pieces and cutting-edge artists' performances.

The Glitch Mob
The Glitch Mob is an American electronic music duo from Los Angeles, California. It consists of edIT (Edward Ma) and Ooah (Josh Mayer). Boreta (Justin Boreta) was a member of the group from its formation until 2023. Chris Martins of LA Weekly noted that they "have undoubtedly found the largest audience of any L.A. beat scene artist yet."
Mettmann
Mettmann (German: [ˈmɛtˌman] ⓘ) is a town in the northern part of the Bergisches Land, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Mettmann, Germany's most densely populated rural district. The town lies east of Düsseldorf and west of Wuppertal. A local variety of the Limburgish language called Metmannsch Platt is spoken in town.

Grand Duchy of Berg
The Grand Duchy of Berg (German: Großherzogtum Berg), also known as the Grand Duchy of Berg and Cleves, was a territorial grand duchy established in 1806 by Napoleon after his victory at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) on territories between the French Empire at the Rhine river and the German Kingdom of Westphalia.
2015 Finnish League Cup
The 2015 Finnish League Cup is the 19th season of the Finnish League Cup, Finland's second-most prestigious cup football tournament. SJK are the defending champions, having won their second league cup last year.

The cup consists of two stages. First there will be a group stage that involves the 12 Veikkausliiga teams divided into four groups. The top two teams from each group will enter the one-legged elimination rounds – quarter-finals, semi-finals and the final.

Finnish League Cup
The Finnish League Cup (in Finnish: Liigacup), is a knock-out football competition contested annually during the pre-season in winter by teams from Veikkausliiga. 
The competition is notably the only football competition in Europe which is mostly played indoors. It is also administrated by Veikkausliiga
Mount Gaungphat
Gaungphat Taung or Mount Khonphan (Burmese: ခုံဘမ်းတောင်) is a mountain in Myanmar. It is located in the Kayin State, in the southern part of the country, 500 km south of the capital Nay Pyi Taw. The top of Gaungphat Taung is 92 meters above sea level.

The terrain around Gaungphat Taung is mainly flat, but south is the hilly. The highest point nearby is 746 meters above sea level, 13.0 km south of Gaungphat Taung. Around Gaungphat Taung, it is sparsely populated, with 9 inhabitants per square kilometer. The surroundings around Gaungphat Taung are a mosaic of farmland and natural vegetation.

Tropical monsoon climate prevails in the area. The average annual temperature in the neighborhood is 25 °C. The warmest month is March, when the average temperature is 29 °C, and the coldest is June, at 19 °C. Average yearly average is 3 257 millimeters. The rainy month is August, with an average of 687 mm rainfall, and the driest is December, with 7 mm rainfall.

Kayin State
Kayin State, formerly known as Karen State, is a state of Myanmar. The capital city is Hpa-An, also spelled Pa-An.

The terrain of the state is mountainous, with the Dawna Range running along the state in a NNW–SSE direction, and the southern end of the Karen Hills in the northwest. It is bordered by the Mae Hong Son, Tak, and Kanchanaburi provinces of Thailand to the east; Mon State and Bago Region to the west and south; and Mandalay Region, Shan State and Kayah State to the north.