hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manakpur, Jalandhar
Manakpur is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 7.7 kilometres (4.8 mi) from Shahkot, 25.7 kilometres (16.0 mi) from Nakodar, 49 kilometres (30 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 180 kilometres (110 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Shahkot, India
Shahkot is a small city and one of the five tehsils of Jalandhar district in Punjab, India. Shahkot is situated on Jalandhar-Moga-Barnala-Sirsa National Highway 703 (Old NH 71). Shahkot is administered by the Municipal Committee. About 176 villages belong to Shahkot tehsil.
National Association of Fire Investigators
The National Association of Fire Investigators (NAFI) is a professional association of people who investigate cases of fire and arson.  It was created in 1961 and is located in Bradenton, Florida.  The purpose of the group is to increase knowledge and improve skills of fire investigators in the field and in relation to the litigation involved in determining the origin and cause of fires.

NAFI offers three certifications for its members through its own National Certification Board.  The National Fire Protection Association's guide to fire investigation, known as NFPA 921 recognizes the certifications awarded by NAFI.  Through NAFI, members can become a Certified Fire and Explosion Investigator (CFEI), a Certified Fire Investigation Instructor (CFII), or a Certified Vehicle Fire Investigator (CVFI).

Bradenton, Florida
Bradenton (/ˈbreɪdəntən/ ⓘ BRAY-dən-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Manatee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 55,698 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk and Bishop Museum of Science and Nature. To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota; beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, and the Manatee River and Palmetto are to its north.
Quantum discord
In quantum information theory, quantum discord is a measure of nonclassical correlations between two subsystems of a quantum system. It includes correlations that are due to quantum physical effects but do not necessarily involve quantum entanglement.

The notion of quantum discord was introduced by Harold Ollivier and Wojciech H. Zurek and, independently by Leah Henderson and Vlatko Vedral. Olliver and Zurek referred to it also as a measure of quantumness of correlations. From the work of these two research groups it follows that quantum correlations can be present in certain mixed separable states; In other words, separability alone does not imply the absence of quantum correlations. The notion of quantum discord thus goes beyond the earlier distinction between entangled and separable (non-entangled) quantum states.

Von Neumann entropy
In physics, the von Neumann entropy, named after John von Neumann, is a measure of the statistical uncertainty within a description of a quantum system. It extends the concept of Gibbs entropy from classical statistical mechanics to quantum statistical mechanics, and it is the quantum counterpart of the Shannon entropy from classical information theory. For a quantum-mechanical system described by a density matrix ρ, the von Neumann entropy is

where  denotes the trace and  denotes the matrix version of the natural logarithm. If the density matrix ρ is written in a basis of its eigenvectors  as

then the von Neumann entropy is merely

In this form, S can be seen as the Shannon entropy of the eigenvalues, reinterpreted as probabilities.

The von Neumann entropy and quantities based upon it are widely used in the study of quantum entanglement.
Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica (E)
Eduard Nunatak, Oscar II Coast

Egerika Range, Danco Coast

Elemag Reef, Livingston Island

Elena Peak, Livingston Island

Elhovo Gap, Livingston Island

Elin Pelin Point, Smith Island

Eliseyna Cove, Livingston Island

Elovdol Glacier, Oscar II Coast

Elysian Beach, Snow Island

Emen Island, Anvers Island

Emona Anchorage, Livingston Island

Enitsa Peak, Sentinel Range

Enravota Glacier, Nordenskjöld Coast

Enrique Hill, Livingston Island

Eratosthenes Point, Elephant Island

Erden Glacier, Oscar II Coast

Eremiya Hill, Trinity Peninsula

Ereta Peak, Bastien Range

Erma Knoll, Livingston Island

Erovete Peak, Loubet Coast

Erul Heights, Trinity Peninsula

Eridanus Stream, Livingston Island

Esperanto Island, Zed Islands

Etar Snowfield, Livingston Island

Etropole Peak, Livingston Island

Eurydice Peninsula, Danco Coast

Evlogi Peak, Smith Island

Eyer Peak, Sentinel Range

Ezdimir Buttress, Davis Coast

Ezerets Knoll, Graham Coast

Erovete Peak
Erovete Peak (Bulgarian: връх Еровете, romanized: vrah Erovete, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈɛrovɛtɛ]) is the rocky peak rising to 1824 m on the west coast of Pernik Peninsula, Loubet Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica. The feature has steep and partly ice-free west and southeast slopes, and surmounts Lallemand Fjord to the west, Haefeli Glacier to the southeast, and the lower courses of Finsterwalder Glacier and Sharp Glacier to the south.

The peak is named after the settlement of Erovete in Southern Bulgaria.
Tuławki
Tuławki [tuˈwafki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dywity, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Dywity and 15 km (9 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located within the historic region of Warmia

Dywity
Dywity [dɨˈvitɨ] is a village in Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dywity. It is located on the Dywickie Lake in Warmia.
Republic of Equatorial Guinea (1968–1979)
Equatorial Guinea gained independence from Spain on 12 October 1968, with Francisco Macías Nguema becoming the country's first president. His rule, which lasted until 3 August 1979, was marked by increasing totalitarianism, extreme centralization of power, and widespread human rights abuses.

Bioko
Bioko (/biːˈoʊkoʊ/; Spanish: [biˈoko] ⓘ; Bube: Ëtulá a Ëri; historically known as Fernando Pó, European Portuguese pronunciation: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃.dʊ ˈpɔ]) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located 32 km (20 mi) south of the coast of Cameroon, and 160 km (99 mi) northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the island, is the former capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Bioko's population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of 2,017 km2 (779 sq mi), making it the fourth largest island in Africa (after Madagascar, Socotra and Tenerife). The island is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes and is located off the Cameroon coast, in the Bight of Biafra portion of the Gulf of Guinea. Its geology is volcanic; its highest peak is Pico Basile at 3,012 m (9,882 ft).
Purulia–Villupuram Superfast Express
The Purulia–Tirunelveli Junction Superfast Express (previously Purulia-Villupuram Superfast Express) is an Superfast Express train belonging to Southern Railway zone that runs between Purulia Junction and Tirunelveli Junction in India. It is currently being operating with 22605/22606 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Villupuram Junction railway station
Villupuram Junction (station code: VM) is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station in Viluppuram, Tamil Nadu. Being a prominent railway station, it serves as the distribution point of rail traffic from Chennai, the state capital of Tamil Nadu, towards the southern and central parts of the state. It is the third largest junction by number of branch lines in the state of Tamil Nadu after Salem junction,Tiruchchirapalli Junction.
Perfection Racing
Perfection Racing is a Danish auto racing team, who currently compete in the Danish Touring Car Championship under the banner of Chevrolet Motorsport Denmark. They are based in Odense and managed by Kent Bo Steffensen.

In September 2009 they will enter the World Touring Car Championship at the FIA WTCC Race of Germany at Motorsport Arena Oschersleben with a Chevrolet Lacetti for Michel Nykjaer, who won the 2008 European Touring Car Cup for the team, having won it for GR Asia the previous year.

They currently run two cars in the Danish series, for Nykjaer and Henrik Lundgaard. The team will leave the Danish championship at the end of the 2009 season.

GR Asia
GR Asia is an auto racing team based in the United Kingdom and Hong Kong. They have raced in the World Touring Car Championship, the European Touring Car Championship and the British Touring Car Championship.

In 2006 they won the Independents championship in the WTCC with Tom Coronel. Initially entering the BTCC in 2000, GR ran in the class B category, running Ford Focus chassis, and again in 2001. They ran Adam Jones' Team Aircool entry in the BTCC in 2007 and 2008, and ran an additional car shared by Gavin Smith and Rob Collard at the end of the 2007 season. Ryan Sharp and Michel Nykjaer won the European Touring Car Cup for the team in 2006 and 2007 respectively. They ran Gordon Shedden's Club SEAT entry in the BTCC towards the end of the 2009 season.
Heinz Kahlau
Heinz Kahlau (6 February 1931 – 6 April 2012) was a German writer.

He is remembered as one of the best known lyric poets in the German Democratic Republic. He wrote song lyrics, dramas and prose pieces. He was particularly well known for his popular love poems. At the time of his death the Leipziger Volkszeitung (newspaper) reported that around four million copies of volumes of his poetry had been sold.

Unofficial collaborator
An unofficial collaborator or IM (German: [iˈʔɛm] ⓘ; both from German: inoffizieller Mitarbeiter), or euphemistically informal collaborator (informeller Mitarbeiter), was an informant in the East Germany who delivered private information to the Ministry for State Security. At the end of the East German government, there was a network of around 189,000 informants, working at every level of society.
2004 Ontario Scott Tournament of Hearts
The 2004 Ontario Scott Tournament of Hearts was held January 27-February 1 at the Copper Cliff Curling Club in Copper Cliff, Ontario.  The Sherry Middaugh rink from Coldwater, Ontario won their third Ontario provincial title.

Ontario Women's Curling Championship
The Ontario Women's Curling Championship, formerly the Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts is the Southern Ontario provincial curling championship for women's curling. The tournament is run by Curling Ontario, the curling association for Southern Ontario. The winning team represents Team Ontario at the national Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
Blastobasis acarta
Blastobasis acarta is a moth in the family Blastobasidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found on the Seychelles, where it is known from the islands of Aldabra, Aride, Mahé and Silhouette.

This species has a wingspan of 15–16 mm, the head is whitish ochreous mixed with pale fuscous. The forewings are greyish ochreous irregularly tinged with purple brownish and speckled with dark fuscous. A spot towards base of costa and an angulated transverse line of dark fuscous before the middle.

Blastobasidae
The Blastobasidae are a family of moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. Its species can be found almost anywhere in the world, though in some places they are not native but introduced by humans. In some arrangements, these moths are included in the case-bearer family (Coleophoridae) as subfamily Blastobasinae. The Symmocidae are sometimes included in the Blastobasidae (particularly if both are included in Coleophoridae) as subfamily or tribe.

In addition, the group around Holcocera is often separated as subfamily Holcocerinae (or tribe Holcocerini) from the Blastobasis lineage (which correspondingly become a subfamily, or a tribe Blastobasini). While this seems far more reasonable than some of the more extreme arrangements sometimes seen in Gelechioidea taxonomy and systematics, the relationships among Blastobasidae genera are not yet sufficiently studied to allow a well-supported subdivision of this family.
Keith Benson
Keith Anderson Benson Jr. (born August 13, 1988) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for Oakland University. A 6-foot-11 center, Benson was a second-round pick (48th overall) in the 2011 NBA draft, selected by the Atlanta Hawks. He has since played in Italy, Philippines, Belarus, China, Lithuania, Estonia and the NBA Development League.

National Basketball League (China)
The National Basketball League (simplified Chinese: 全国男子篮球联赛; traditional Chinese: 全國男子籃球聯賽; pinyin: Quánguó Nánzǐ Lánqiú Liánsài) is a professional basketball minor league in China, called the Chinese Basketball League (CBL) before 2006. It is commonly known as the NBL, and this name (spelled out in letters) is often used even in Chinese.

NBL is the second-tier league to the professional Chinese Basketball Association (CBA).
Guericke (crater)
Guericke is the remnant of a lunar impact crater at the north part of the Mare Nubium. It is named after German scientist Otto von Guericke. To the north-northwest lies the large Fra Mauro crater, along with the co-joined craters Parry and Bonpland. To the east are the craters Kundt and Davy.

The surviving rim of Guericke has been worn, battered, and partly submerged by the basaltic lava that covers the floor. The wall is now little more than a circular series of ridges that join with rises that flow to the north, northwest, and south. The flooded crater remnant Guericke F is attached to the southwest exterior. The interior flood has a few small rises in the otherwise nearly flat surface. Two craters (Guericke D and H) mark the floor in the southwest quadrant.

Bonpland (crater)
Bonpland is the remains of a lunar impact crater that is attached to the walled plain Fra Mauro to the north and Parry to the east. The intersection of their rims forms a three-pointed mountainous rise. To the southeast is the small crater Tolansky. Bonpland lies on the eastern edge of Mare Cognitum. It is named after Aimé Bonpland, a French explorer and botanist.

This rim of Bonpland is heavily worn and eroded, with the intrusion of Parry in the east creating a bulging extension to the southeast. The floor has been flooded by lava in the past, leaving a relatively flat surface that is broken by a series of narrow clefts. These are collectively designated the Rimae Parry. The clefts cross the rim to the south and also to the north, extending into the neighboring Fra Mauro.
Indian City
Indian City is a Canadian folk-rock musical group best known for their 2017 Juno Award–nominated album Here & Now. Originally formed as a side project by Vince Fontaine of the band Eagle & Hawk, Indian City is a rotating musical collective sometimes described as "a sort of indigenous version of Broken Social Scene". Members and contributors have included Don Amero, William Prince, Jim Cuddy, Chantal Kreviazuk, Pamela Davis, Gabrielle Fontaine, Neewa Mason, Marty Chapman, Atik Mason, Gerry Atwell, Jamie Carrasco, Jay Bodner, Jeremy Koz, Rena Semenko, Steve Broadhurst, Rich Reid, and Shannon McKenney.

Musical collective
A musical collective is a type of artist collective for musicians in which membership is flexible and creative control is shared. The concept is distinct from that of a traditional band in that musical collectives allow for flexibility in their rosters, and members are free to rotate in and out of the line-up. Collectives may exist in almost any genre of music, although they have been especially prominent in indie rock and hip hop. They may differ from record labels in that they primarily serve as mutual support for member artists, although some collectives may also serve as a record label for members.

Musical collectives typically consist of artists with similar stylistic interests. Notable musical collectives have included the Soulquarians, Elephant 6, and the Dungeon Family, and Odd Future, among others.
Madagascar flood basalt
The Madagascar flood basalt, also known as the Madagascar large igneous province (LIP), is one of the major magmatic events of the Late Cretaceous. They cover a large area of basaltic and rhyolitic lava flows that erupted during an episode of widespread basaltic volcanism during the Cretaceous period. The flood basalts are characterized by lava flows, dykes, sills, and intrusions, and other volcanic features include plugs, scoria, and spatter cones. Tholeiitic basalt constitutes the primary rock type.

Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive (sills, dikes) and extrusive (lava flows, tephra deposits), arising when magma travels through the crust towards the surface. The formation of LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with divergent plate tectonics. The formation of some of the LIPs in the past 500 million years coincide in time with mass extinctions and rapid climatic changes, which has led to numerous hypotheses about causal relationships. LIPs are fundamentally different from any other currently active volcanoes or volcanic systems.
Ike's Wee Wee
"Ike's Wee Wee" is the third episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park. The 16th episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on May 20, 1998. In the episode, school counselor Mr. Mackey is fired, and turns to drugs. Meanwhile, the boys misconstrue what circumcision entails, and try to save Kyle's younger brother Ike from his upcoming bris.

The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. "Ike's Wee Wee" satirizes certain attitudes towards drug users, and explores whether family can only mean those who are related by blood. This episode introduced Ike's backstory as an adopted Canadian child. "Ike's Wee Wee" received positive responses from critics, who especially praised the episode for its touching moments.

Drug rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and stop substance misuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and medical consequences that can be caused.

Treatment includes medication for comorbidities, counseling by experts, and sharing of experience with other recovering individuals.
Three Stelae of Kōzuke
The Three Stelae of Kōzuke (上野三碑) are three ancient stelae (graven stone monuments) in the former Kōzuke Province of Japan, located in what is now the city of Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture, in the Kantō region. Together, they were inscribed in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register as "Three Cherished Stelae of Ancient Kozuke" in 2017.

These are the oldest of the 18 known extant Japanese stelae. The Yamanoue Stele is from 681 AD (Asuka period), the Tago Stele from 711 AD (Nara period), and the Kanaizawa Stele from 726 AD (Nara period). The Yamanoue Stele is the oldest surviving example of Chinese characters using Japanese grammar.

Yamanoue Stele

Tago Stele

Kanaizawa Stele

Takasaki
Takasaki (高崎市, Takasaki-shi; [takasakiɕi]) is a city located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 372,369 in 167,345 households, and a population density of 810 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 459.16 square kilometres (177.28 sq mi). Takasaki is famous as the hometown of the Daruma doll, theoretically representing the Buddhist sage Bodhidharma and in modern practice a symbol of good luck. Takasaki has been the largest city in Gunma Prefecture since 1990 after overtaking Maebashi.
By-elections to the 16th Canadian Parliament
By-elections to the 16th Canadian Parliament were held to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada between the 1926 federal election and the 1930 federal election. The Liberal Party of Canada led a minority government for the 16th Canadian Parliament.

The list includes Ministerial by-elections which occurred due to the requirement that Members of Parliament recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These by-elections were almost always uncontested. This requirement was abolished in 1931.

1930 Canadian federal election
The 1930 Canadian federal election was held on July 28, 1930, to elect members  of the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Canada. Richard Bedford Bennett's Conservative Party won a majority government, defeating the Liberal Party led by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. 3,922,481 votes were cast in this election.
Kotków, Piotrków County
Kotków [ˈkɔtkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gorzkowice, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Gorzkowice, 25 km (16 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 68 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The closest airport in Poland is Częstochowa-Rudniki at a distance of 42 km (26 mi). There are several UNESCO world heritage sites nearby. The closest heritage site in Poland is the Historic Centre of Kraków south of Kotków at a distance of 125 km (78 mi).

Gorzkowice
Gorzkowice [ɡɔʂkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gorzkowice. It lies approximately 22 km (14 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski and 64 km (40 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Verkhnia Krasnianka
Verkhnia Krasnianka (Ukrainian: Ве́рхня Красня́нка, Russian: Ве́рхняя Красня́нка) is a village in Molodohvardiisk urban hromada, Luhansk Raion, Luhansk Oblast (region), Ukraine. It is located on the right bank of the Bolshaya Kamenka River. Population: 638 (2001 Census). As of 2005, the village had a parish of the Russian True Orthodox Church.

Otamanivka urban hromada
Otamanivka urban hromada (Ukrainian: Отаманівська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Luhansk Raion, Luhansk Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Molodohvardiisk (officially called Otamanivka).

The hromada contains 29 settlements: 1 city (Molodohvardiisk), 12 rural settlements:

and 16 villages:
Catoptrics
Catoptrics (from Ancient Greek: κατοπτρικός katoptrikós ‘specular’, from Ancient Greek: κάτοπτρον kátoptron ‘mirror’) deals with the phenomena of reflected light and image-forming optical systems using mirrors. A catoptric system is also called a catopter (catoptre).

Nader El-Bizri
Nader El-Bizri (Arabic: نادر البزري, nādir al-bizrĩ) served as the dean of the College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences at the University of Sharjah. He is currently a Senior Research Fellow at The Warburg Institute at the School of Advanced Study, University of London, and an Affiliated Scholar with the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge. He was before that a tenured longstanding full professor of philosophy and civilization studies at the American University of Beirut, where he also acted as an associate dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and as the director of the General Education program.

El-Bizri specializes in phenomenology, Islamic science and philosophy, and architectural theory. He is the author or editor of several books, including The Phenomenological Quest between Avicenna and Heidegger (2000).