hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter Schreiner (Byzantinist)
Peter Schreiner (born 4 May 1940) is a German Byzantinist. He taught as a full professor of Byzantine studies at the University of Cologne from 1979 to 2005 and is one of the leading Byzantinists in German-speaking countries. He was the editor-in-chief of the Byzantinische Zeitschrift from 1992 to 2004 and the president of the International Association of Byzantine Studies from 2001 to 2011.

Austrian Academy of Sciences
The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research.
Collingwood, Queensland
Collingwood is a former town in the Channel Country in Central West Queensland, Australia, in the Shire of Winton. Collingwood was founded in the 1870s, and it was hoped that the town would thrive and grow into a regional centre that would foster the development of pastoral activity in the Diamantina region, an industry of great local importance to this day. However, Collingwood ultimately failed as a town and was given up after only about two decades of existence.

Dagworth Station
21°52′0″S 142°09′0″E﻿ / ﻿21.86667°S 142.15000°E﻿ / -21.86667; 142.15000

Dagworth Station is a cattle station located north-west of Winton in central west Queensland in Australia. It was established in 1876 by Messrs Hunter and Urquhart who were living in a grass hut on the property in 1878 when they were still building up the run. One of the adjoining properties in 1887 was Elderslie Station, which at the time was owned by Sir Samuel Wilson.
Postage stamps and postal history of China
The history of the postage stamps and postal history of China is complicated by the gradual decay of Imperial China and the years of civil war and Japanese occupation in the 1930s and 1940s. In modern times, postal delivery is handled by China Post.

Revenue stamp
A revenue stamp, tax stamp, duty stamp or fiscal stamp is a (usually) adhesive label used to designate collected taxes or fees on documents, tobacco, alcoholic drinks, drugs and medicines, playing cards, hunting licenses, firearm registration, and many other things.  Typically, businesses purchase the stamps from the government (thereby paying the tax), and attach them to taxed items as part of putting the items on sale, or in the case of documents, as part of filling out the form.

Revenue stamps often look very similar to postage stamps, and in some countries and time periods it has been possible to use postage stamps for revenue purposes, and vice versa. Some countries also issued dual-purpose postage and revenue stamps.
1995 NatWest Trophy
The 1995 NatWest Trophy was the 15th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 27 June and 2 September 1995. The tournament was won by Warwickshire County Cricket Club who defeated Northamptonshire County Cricket Club by 4 wickets in the final at Lord's.

Friends Provident Trophy
The Friends Provident Trophy was a one-day cricket competition in the British Isles.

It was one of the four tournaments in which the eighteen first-class counties competed each season. They were joined by teams from Scotland and Ireland. Lancashire won the title a record seven times.

The competition was previously known as the Gillette Cup (1963–1980), the NatWest Trophy (1981–2000), and the C&G Trophy (2000–2006). For a short period following the 2006 season, the competition was known as the ECB One-Day Trophy because no sponsors were forthcoming when Cheltenham and Gloucester decided to end their association with the competition after the 2006 season. The tournament, along with the Pro40 forty-overs competition, was replaced by the ECB 40 competition from the 2010 season.
110th Division (People's Republic of China)
The 110th Division (Chinese: 第110师) was created in February 1950 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 326th Division of Republic of China Army defected on September 19, 1949, during the Chinese Civil War.

The division was part of 37th Corps.

In April 1951 the division absorbed 4th Cavalry Division as preparation before entering Korea.

In September the division moved into Korea as a part of the People's Volunteer Army. During its deployment to Korea the division was in charge of rear guards mission and the construction of Namsi Airfield.

In December the division returned from Korea.

In February 1952 the division was inactivated and merged with 107th Division.

People's Volunteer Army
The People's Volunteer Army (PVA), officially the Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV), was the armed expeditionary forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the PVA were actually transferred from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) under the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong, the PVA was separately constituted in order to prevent an official war with the United States. The PVA entered Korea on 19 October 1950 and completely withdrew by October 1958. The nominal commander and political commissar of the PVA was Peng Dehuai before the ceasefire agreement in 1953, although both Chen Geng and Deng Hua served as the acting commander and commissar after April 1952 following Peng's illness. The initial (25 October – 5 November 1950) units in the PVA included 38th, 39th, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 66th Corps; totalling 250,000 men. About 3 million Chinese civilian and military personnel had served in Korea throughout the war.
Violin Concerto No. 2 (Saint-Saëns)
The Violin Concerto No. 2 in C major, Op. 58, by Camille Saint-Saëns, was the composer's first violin concerto, written in 1858, although it was published in 1879 and so is numbered second. It was premiered in 1880 with Pierre Marsick as soloist.

Violin concerto
A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble (customarily orchestra). Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day. Many major composers have contributed to the violin concerto repertoire.

Traditionally a three-movement work, the violin concerto has been structured in four movements by a number of modern composers, including Dmitri Shostakovich, Igor Stravinsky, and Alban Berg. In some violin concertos, especially from the Baroque and modern eras, the violin (or group of violins) is accompanied by a chamber ensemble rather than an orchestra—for instance, in Vivaldi's L'estro armonico, originally scored for four violins, two violas, cello, and continuo, and in Allan Pettersson's first concerto, for violin and string quartet.
Special operating agency
A special operating agency (SOA) is a designation given to a government organization within a department or agency of the Government of Canada, or a provincial government, that has some management flexibility, independence, and separate accountability. Federal SOAs function, without legislation, within a framework agreement approved by their given department's deputy minister, the minister responsible for the agency, and the Treasury Board. They are considered part of the host department and not separate legal entities.

Special operating agencies also exist among some provincial governments in Canada.

Public Services and Procurement Canada
Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC; French: Services publics et Approvisionnement Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for the government's internal servicing and administration.

The department is responsible for the procurement for other government departments and serves as the central purchasing agent, real property manager, treasurer, accountant, pay and pension administrator, integrity adviser and linguistic authority. It is also the custodian of a large real estate portfolio and as well infrastructure such as bridges, dams and highways.

The department is responsible to Parliament through the minister of public services and procurement and receiver general for Canada – presently Joël Lightbound. Day-to-day operations and leadership of the department is overseen by the deputy minister, a senior civil servant.

It was recognized in 2018 as one of Canada's Best Diversity Employers.
Minkowski–Steiner formula
In mathematics, the Minkowski–Steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of Euclidean space. More precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense.

The Minkowski–Steiner formula is used, together with the Brunn–Minkowski theorem, to prove the isoperimetric inequality. It is named after Hermann Minkowski and Jakob Steiner.

Hermann Minkowski
Hermann Minkowski (22 June 1864 – 12 January 1909) was a mathematician and professor at the University of Königsberg, ETH Zürich, and the University of Göttingen, described variously as German, Polish, Lithuanian-German, or Russian. He created and developed the geometry of numbers and elements of convex geometry, and used geometrical methods to solve problems in number theory, mathematical physics, and the theory of relativity.

Minkowski is perhaps best known for his foundational work describing space and time as a four-dimensional space, now known as "Minkowski spacetime", which facilitated geometric interpretations of Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity (1905).
1994 Grand National
The 1994 Grand National (officially known as the Martell Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 147th official renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 9 April 1994.

It was won in a time of 10 minutes 18.8 seconds, and by a distance of 1+1⁄4 lengths by 16/1 shot Miinnehoma, ridden by Northern Irish jockey Richard Dunwoody, his second Grand National victory. The winner was trained by Martin Pipe of Wellington, Somerset, and carried the red jacket with yellow star and sleeves and cap with red star of comedian Freddie Starr. The winning owner collected £115,606 of a total prize fund shared through the first five finishers of £194,000 (none of which was carried over from the aborted 1993 race). A maximum of 40 competitors were permitted but only 36 ran. All of the horses returned safely.

Aintree Racecourse
Aintree Racecourse is a racecourse in Aintree, Merseyside, England, near to Liverpool. The racecourse is the venue for the Grand National steeplechase, which takes place annually in April over three days. Aintree also holds meetings in May, October (Sunday), November and December (both Saturdays).

The Aintree Racecourse had suffered three major disruptions in post-war history, starting with the 1993 Grand National due to a series of false starts and no winner was announced, followed by the 1997 Grand National, postponed to Monday because of an IRA bomb threat and the 2023 Grand National was delayed due to Animal Rights protesters.
Evelyn Nwabuoku
Evelyn Nwabuoku (born 14 November 1985) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as a midfielder. She is the captain of the national side. Nwabuoku played previously for BIIK Kazygurt in the Kazakhstani women's football championship and for  Bayelsa Queens and Rivers Angels in the Nigerian Women's Championship.

2014 African Women's Championship
The 2014 African Women's Championship, the 11th edition of the tournament, was held in Namibia. This tournament, organized by the Confederation of African Football, was also a qualification tournament for the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, with top three qualifying for the finals in Canada. It was played on 11–25 October 2014.

The tournament marked the first participation of Namibia in the African championship. Also for the first time the defending champions, Equatorial Guinea, were not taking part after failing to win their last qualifying round match.

Nigeria defeated Cameroon 2–0 in the final to win their record-extending seventh title.
Evgenia Ukolova
Evgenia Nikolayevna Ukolova (Russian: Евгения Николаевна Уколова; born 17 May 1989) is a Russian beach volleyball player. As of 2012, she plays with Ekaterina Khomyakova (also known by her married name of Ekaterina Birlova). They qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.

At the 2012 Olympics, they qualified from their group but lost to the Chinese pair of Xue Chen and Zhang Xi in the first knockout round.

At the 2016 Olympics, they had to use the lucky loser route to qualify from the group stages, beating Barbora Hermannová and Markéta Sluková in the lucky loser round.  In the last 16, Ukolova and Birlova beat Elsa Baquerizo and Liliana Fernández of Spain, before losing to eventual silver medalists Ágatha Bednarczuk and Bárbara Seixas in the quarterfinals.

Barbora Hermannová
Barbora Hermannová (born 7 November 1990) is a Czech beach volleyball player. As of 2022, she plays with Marie-Sára Štochlová, with whom she competed for the Czech Republic at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Duduble
The Duduble, also known as the Maxamuud Hiraab (Arabic: محمود هراب), is a Somali sub-clan of the larger Hawiye clan-family. Like most Somali clans, the Duduble trace their lineage back to Samaale, the earliest common ancestor of the major Somali clans.

Ayr (clan)
Ayr (Somali: Cayr or Ceyr) is a Somali clan that is part of the larger Habar Gidir Hawiye clan. The Ayr clan is the eldest Habargidir sub-clan and is the largest Habargidir sub-clan in population. The Ayr clan have a rich history in Somali society and has played an important role in shaping Somali history and national politics. Members of the clan reside in 6 out of the total 18 regions of Somalia but are primarily found in the central region of Somalia - Galgaduud region which they hold a monopoly over and is considered their heartlands. They are considered the most powerful sub-clan in central and southern Somalia controlling important sections of the country and greatly influencing the nation's capital Mogadishu, holding the 1st mayorship position in the post-independence era. The Ayr are regarded as being very large in numbers because they are spread throughout numerous regions in Somalia and are significant to the country's political, economic, social, and military sectors.
FIBA International Christmas Tournament
FIBA International Christmas Tournament also known as the Christmas Tournament (Torneo de Navidad) was a men's basketball international friendly competition at the club level (and in some editions with national teams), organized by FIBA at its first decades through the Commission of International Organizations under the hand of Raimundo Saporta, club director and president of the International Commission of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA), and with the authorization and support of R. William Jones, its general secretary, so it had the officiality of FIBA in its first decades of life, being also the starting point of the FIBA Intercontinental Cup, whose first edition appears in the history of this competition. After 1980, the tournament transitioned to being an festive exhibition, although it still garnered attention and popularity.

Raimundo Saporta
Raimundo Saporta Namías (16 December 1926 – 2 February 1997) was a Spanish professional club basketball administrator. After his death, FIBA and Real Madrid renamed both the continental second-tier level FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup and the Pabellón Ciudad Deportiva arena in his honor. Saporta received the Olympic Order 1985. In 1997, he was awarded the FIBA Order of Merit and in 2007, he was enshrined into the FIBA Hall of Fame as a contributor.
South Surrey Park and Ride
The South Surrey Park and Ride is a bus loop and park and ride facility serving the South Surrey area. As part of the TransLink system, it is used by five routes serving South Surrey and White Rock, including towards Vancouver via Bridgeport station in Richmond as well as to Newton and Surrey City Centre.

White Rock, British Columbia
White Rock is a city in the Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is bordered by Semiahmoo Bay to the south and is surrounded on three sides by Surrey. To the southeast across a footbridge lies the Semiahmoo First Nation, which is within the borders of Surrey. Semiahmoo Bay and the Southern Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia are also to the south.

White Rock is named for a large white boulder on its beach near the promenade, a glacial erratic that migrated south during the last glaciation. The 486-ton granite boulder was kept white by shellfish-eating seabirds whose guano covered the rock so much that 19th-century sailors used it as a beacon. It is now kept white through monthly applications of white paint by the city parks department and has been a graffiti target. The White Rock Pier is located nearby.
Ballahoo-class schooner
The Ballahoo class (also known as the Fish class) was a Royal Navy class of eighteen 4-gun schooners built under contract in Bermuda during the Napoleonic War. The class was an attempt by the Admiralty to harness the expertise of Bermudian shipbuilders who were renowned for their fast-sailing craft (particularly the Bermuda sloops). The Admiralty ordered twelve vessels on 23 June 1804, and a further six on 11 December 1805.

Bermuda sloop
The Bermuda sloop is a historical type of fore-and-aft rigged single-masted sailing vessel developed on the islands of Bermuda in the 17th century. Such vessels originally had gaff rigs with quadrilateral sails, but evolved to use the Bermuda rig with triangular sails. Although the Bermuda sloop is often described as a development of the narrower-beamed Jamaica sloop, which dates from the 1670s, the high, raked masts and triangular sails of the Bermuda rig are rooted in a tradition of Bermudian boat design dating from the earliest decades of the 17th century. It is distinguished from other vessels with the triangular Bermuda rig, which may have multiple masts or may not have evolved in hull form from the traditional designs.
Whatatutu
Whatatutu is a small settlement in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located north of Te Karaka on the upper reaches of the Waipaoa River, close to its meeting with its tributaries, the Mangatū River and Waingaromia River.

Whatatutu is about 45 minutes from Gisborne. Oil-bearing rock has been known to exist in small quantities for many years, but not in commercial quantities. The search for more economically viable sources continues in the area.

Gisborne, New Zealand
Gisborne is a city in northeastern New Zealand and the largest settlement in the Gisborne District (or Gisborne Region). It has a population of 38,100 (June 2025). Gisborne District Council has its headquarters in the central city.
Vault (urban movement)
In various urban activities, a vault is any type of movement that involves overcoming an obstacle by some combination of jumping, climbing or diving. Although parkour does not involve the idea of set movements, practitioners use similar ways of moving  to pass quickly and efficiently over obstacles.

Jumping
Jumping or leaping is a form of locomotion or movement in which an organism or non-living (e.g., robotic) mechanical system propels itself through the air along a ballistic trajectory. Jumping can be distinguished from running, galloping and other gaits where the entire body is temporarily airborne by the relatively long duration of the aerial phase and high angle of initial launch.

Some animals, such as the kangaroo, employ jumping (commonly called hopping in this instance) as their primary form of an locomotion, while others, such as frogs, use it only as a means to escape predators. Jumping is also a key feature of various activities and sports, including the long jump, high jump and show jumping.
Mark Clattenburg
Mark Clattenburg (born 13 March 1975) is an English former professional football referee.

Clattenburg is a former member of the Premier League and the Durham County Football Association and also a former FIFA referee. He has refereed a number of notable matches, including the 2016 UEFA Champions League final and the Euro 2016 Final. Clattenburg is considered one of the most highly-rated European referees of his generation.

Clattenburg is the lead referee in the BBC 2024 revival of TV show Gladiators.

Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was held in London and five other cities in Great Britain from 26 July to 11 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to enter their men's U-23 teams in regional qualifying competitions, from which 15 teams, plus the hosts Great Britain, reached the final tournament. Men's teams were allowed to augment their squads with three players over the age of 23. It was the first men's Olympic football tournament to feature a team representing Great Britain since the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. The competition also marked Uruguay's men's football team's first Olympic appearance since 1928, when it won its second consecutive gold medal.

The gold medal was won by Mexico who defeated Brazil 2–1 in the final.
John Kinzer House
The John Kinzer House is a historic house in Carmel, Indiana. It was built in the 1840s by John D. Kinzer, a settler who lived here with his wife and their seven children. Kinzer purchased the land from the federal government and initially built a much more modest cabin which still stands next to the main house; the cabin was built in 1828. The main house was designed in the Federal architectural style, with two stories and two chimneys. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since September 5, 1975.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, Indiana
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, Indiana.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 34 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, and two former listings.

Properties and districts located in incorporated areas display the name of the municipality, while properties and districts in unincorporated areas display the name of their civil township.  Properties and districts split between multiple jurisdictions display the names of all jurisdictions.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 19, 2025.
Bilpur railway station
Bilpur railway station (station code: BLPU) is a railway station on the Lucknow–Moradabad line located in the town of Fatehganj Purvi in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is under the administrative control of the Moradabad Division of the Northern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

The station consists of two platforms, and is located at a distance of 35 kilometres (22 mi) from Bareilly Junction and Shahjahanpur. Eight trains (Six Passenger / Two Express) stop at the station.

Lucknow–Moradabad line
The Lucknow–Moradabad line (also known as Lucknow–Moradabad main line) is a railway line connecting Lucknow and Moradabad railway stations, both in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The line is under the administrative jurisdiction of Northern Railway.
Carex lepidocarpa
Carex lepidocarpa, called the long-stalked yellow-sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Carex, native to eastern Canada, Morocco, and most of Europe. It is a member of the Carex flava species complex.

Carex flava
Carex flava, called hedgehog grass or large yellow sedge, is a widespread species of sedge (genus Carex, family Cyperaceae), native to the northern United States, Canada, Iceland, Europe, the Atlas Mountains in Africa, the Transcaucasus area, and parts of Siberia. It gives its name to the Carex flava species complex.