hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E. W. Bliss Company
The E. W. Bliss Company was a manufacturer of machine tools founded by Eliphalet Williams Bliss. The company was based in Brooklyn, New York and relocated to Hastings, Michigan in 1919, After many years of ownership changes, the company now known as Bliss Munitions Equipment has re-established its roots in Kentwood, Michigan following a 2022 separation from ANDRITZ BCN, Inc. Bliss Munitions Equipment is the modern lineage of the E.W. Bliss Company, commissioning full-service small caliber production lines.
Whereas ANDRITZ, BCN, Inc. provides services and original parts to all Bliss - Clearing and Niagara presses in the market.

Hastings, Michigan
Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋs/ HAY-stings) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Barry County, as well as the county's only city. The population was 7,514 at the 2020 census. The city borders Hastings Charter Township on the north, east, and south, and Rutland Charter Township on the west.
2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's heptathlon
The men's heptathlon event  at the 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships was held on 11–12 March 2006.

The winning margin was 5 points which as of July 2024 remains the joint-narrowest winning margin in the men's heptathlon at these championships.  The gold medallist achieved the best score in two of the seven events.

2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 11th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) was held in Moscow from March 10 to March 12, 2006 in the Olimpiyski Sport arena.

The announcement by the IAAF in November 2003 was a blow to Madrid, which was also in the running to hold the event but Spain had already held the competition twice. This was the first major senior athletics competition to be held in the country since the highly boycotted 1980 Summer Olympics.

The majority of athletes from Great Britain, Australia and Jamaica, amongst other countries, did not attend the Championships, due to the coinciding 2006 Commonwealth Games.
Lomaiviti Islands
The Lomaiviti (pronounced [lomaiˈβitʃi]) archipelago of Fiji consists of seven main islands and a number of smaller ones.  They cover a total area of 411 square kilometres (159 sq mi), and had a population of 15,657 at the most recent census in 2017. The largest town, with a population of 1,131 in 2007, is Levuka, which was Fiji's first modern town and served as the capital from 1871 to 1877.

Levuka
Levuka (Fijian pronunciation: [leβuka] ⓘ) is a town on the eastern coast of the Fijian island of Ovalau, in Lomaiviti Province, in the Eastern Division of Fiji. Prior to 1877, it was the capital of Fiji. At the census in 2007, the last to date, Levuka town had a population of 1,131 (plus 3,266 living in the peri-urban area as defined by the Bureau of Statistics), about half of Ovalau's 8,900 inhabitants. It is the economic hub and the largest of 24 settlements on the island. Having been nominated decades prior, Levuka was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in June 2013, in recognition of the port town's exceptional testimony to the late colonial port towns in the Pacific.
Vaidotas Žala
Vaidotas Žala (born (1987-08-28)August 28, 1987) is a Lithuanian rally and rally-raid driver. Žala won the Lithuanian Rally Champion, winning the title in 2019 and 2020, both when driving for the Agrorodeo racing team with Škoda Fabia R5. In addition to participating in various classic rally events, Žala has been participating in the Dakar Rally since 2016, with his start in 2021 being his 6th consecutive start at the Rally-raid marathon. Žala is also the first Lithuanian to win a stage in the Dakar Rally. Žala finished first in the opening stage of 2020 Dakar Rally. Zala won the 2026 Dakar Rally in the trucks class in his second attempt in the category.

Rally raid
Rally raid is a type of off-road motorsport event competed with different types of vehicles. Along with shorter baja rallies, rally raid constitutes cross-country rallying. Both the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) co-organise a common World Rally-Raid Championship featuring the same events and types of vehicles.

The length of a rally raid can be as short as 2–3 days to as long as 15 days with marathon rally raids like the Dakar Rally. With skill in navigation being key, the driving skill and endurance of riders, drivers, co-drivers, and machines are put to the test. The total distance covered can be between 600 km to over 5,000 km with terrain ranging from sandy dunes, forest roads, mountain roads, and dry river beds; among others.
Mahmoud Fathi
Mahmoud Fathi (Arabic: مَحْمُود فَتْحِيّ; born May 7, 1988) is an Egyptian professional footballer who currently plays as a defensive midfielder for the Egyptian club El Raja SC. In August 2015, Fathi signed a 3-year 700,000 EGP contract for Smouha SC coming from Enppi, 4 months later he was loaned to El Dakhleya after the manager Moamen Soliman declared that he doesn't need the player.

Moamen Soliman
Moamen Soliman Yahia (Arabic: مُؤْمِن سُلَيْمَان يَحْيَى; born 21 March 1974) is an Egyptian football manager and former player who manages Al-Shorta in the Iraq Stars League. He played as a left-back for Zamalek SC and Suez Club in Egypt, for De Graafschap in the Netherlands, and for OFI and Agios Nikolaos in Greece.
Pratima Singh
Pratima Singh is a member of the India women's national basketball team, hailing from Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh. Pratima Singh was born on 6 February 1990 in the Shivpur area in the holy city of Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. Born in Varanasi, her siblings have also either played or are playing for India- her sisters Divya and Priyanka have represented Indian National Women's Basketball Team, while Prashanti Singh an Arjuna Award and Padma Shri winner is the current captain of the team and Akanksha is a member.

FIBA Asia Cup
The FIBA Asia Cup (formerly the FIBA Asia Championship and ABC Championship) is an international basketball tournament which takes place every four years between the men's national teams of Asia and Oceania.

Through the 2015 edition, the tournament took place every two years and was also a qualifying tournament for the FIBA World Cup and the Olympic basketball tournament. However, since 2017, the tournament was renamed the FIBA Asia Cup and now includes teams from FIBA Oceania. Also, it was the first to be played on a new four-year cycle, and is no longer a part of the qualifying process for the World Cup or the Olympics.
Gbékoun script
The Gbékoun script was created in 1994 by Togbédji Adigbè of Dangbo, a speaker of the Weme dialect of Fon. It was intended as an indigenous script for all the languages of the Republic of Benin, and has been applied to Fon, Adja, Yoruba, Dendi, Boo, Yom and Ayizo. It has been used in mother-tongue education in specialized schools.

Gbékoun script consists of 24 consonant letters and 9 vowel letters. There are tonic diacritics, decimal digits and number of punctuation marks.

Adja language
The Aja language is a Gbe language spoken by the Aja people of Benin, Togo, Ghana, Nigeria and Gabon.
In Gabon, they are mostly migrants.

it is closely related to other  Gbe languages such as Ewe, Mina, Fon, and Phla Phera. Adja is the mother tribe from which the other Gbe people are descended.
Yevgeny Pervyshov
Yevgeny Alexeyevich Pervyshov (Russian: Евгений Алексеевич Первышов, born 4 May 1976 in Krasnodar) is a Russian politician serving as Head of Tambov Oblast since September 2025. He previously served as a deputy of the 8th State Duma and mayor of Krasnodar.

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.
Avialae
Avialae ("bird wings") is a clade containing the only living dinosaurs, the birds, and their closest relatives. It is usually defined as all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds (Aves) than to deinonychosaurs, though alternative definitions are occasionally used (see below).

Archaeopteryx lithographica, from the late Jurassic Period Solnhofen Formation of Germany, is usually considered the earliest known avialan which may have had the capability of powered flight; a minority of studies have suggested that it might have been a  deinonychosaur instead. Several older (but non flight-capable) possible avialans are known from the late Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of China, dated to about 160 million years ago.

Dromaeosaurus
Dromaeosaurus (/ˌdroʊmiəˈsɔːrəs, -mi.oʊ-/; lit. 'running lizard') is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous period (middle to late Campanian and Maastrichtian), sometime between 80 and 69 million years ago, in the Canadian province of Alberta and the western United States. The type species is Dromaeosaurus albertensis, which was described by William Diller Matthew and Barnum Brown in 1922. Its fossils were unearthed in the Hell Creek Formation, Horseshoe Canyon Formation and Dinosaur Park Formation. Teeth attributed to this genus have been found in the Prince Creek Formation. Dromaeosaurus is the type genus of both Dromaeosauridae and Dromaeosaurinae, which include many genera with similar characteristics to Dromaeosaurus such as possibly its closest relative Dakotaraptor. Dromaeosaurus was heavily built, more so than other dromaeosaurids that are similar in size, like Velociraptor.
Seneghe
Seneghe (Sardinian: Sèneghe) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Oristano. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,944 and an area of 57.8 square kilometres (22.3 sq mi).

Seneghe borders the following municipalities: Bonarcado, Cuglieri, Milis, Narbolia, Santu Lussurgiu.

Oristano
Oristano (Italian: [oriˈstaːno] ⓘ; Sardinian: Aristanis [aɾiˈstanizi]) is the capital and largest city of the Province of Oristano in the central-western part of the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy. It is located on the northern part of the Campidano plain. It was established as the provincial capital on 16 July 1974. As of 2025, with a population of 30,007, Oristano is the 7th-largest city in Sardinia.

The economy of Oristano is based mainly on services, agriculture, tourism and small industries.
Perennial crop
Perennial crops are a perennial plant species that are cultivated and live longer than two years without the need of being replanted each year. Naturally perennial crops include many fruit and nut crops; some herbs and vegetables also qualify as perennial. Perennial crops have been cultivated for thousands of years; their cultivation differs from the mainstream annual agriculture because regular tilling is not required and this results in decreased soil erosion and increased soil health. Some perennial plants that are not cultivated as perennial crops are tomatoes, whose vines can live for several years but often freeze and die in winters outside of temperate climates, and potatoes which can live for more than two years but are usually harvested yearly. Despite making up 94% of plants on earth, perennials take up only 13% of global cropland. In contrast, grain crops take up about 70% of global cropland and global caloric consumption and are largely annual plants.

Fruit tree
A fruit tree is a tree which bears fruit that is consumed or used by animals and humans. All trees that are flowering plants produce fruit, which are the ripened ovaries of flowers containing one or more seeds. In horticultural usage, the term "fruit tree" is limited to those that provide fruit for human food. Types of fruits are described and defined elsewhere (see Fruit), but would include "fruit" in a culinary sense, as well as some nut-bearing trees, such as walnuts.

The scientific study and the cultivation of fruits is called pomology, which divides fruits into groups based on plant morphology and anatomy. Some of those groups are pome fruits, which include apples and pears, and stone fruits, which include peaches/nectarines, almonds, apricots, plums and cherries.
Kansas House Bill 2453
Kansas House Bill 2453, also known as the Religious Freedom Act, is a piece of legislation proposed in the state of Kansas that would allow people to refuse to provide services in any way related to any relationship (same-sex or otherwise) under the name "marriage, domestic partnership, civil union or similar arrangement" if their objection to doing so is based on their religious beliefs. Representative Charles Macheers (R-Shawnee) introduced the legislation on January 16, 2014. It passed in the House but was not taken up by the Kansas Senate.

Kansas House of Representatives
The Kansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Kansas. Composed of 125 state representatives from districts with roughly equal populations of at least 19,000, its members are responsible for crafting and voting on legislation, helping to create a state budget, and legislative oversight over state agencies. Representatives are elected to two-year terms. The Kansas House of Representatives does not have term limits. The legislative session convenes at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka annually.
Yōsuke Akimoto
Yōsuke Akimoto (秋元 羊介, Akimoto Yōsuke; born Yukio Tajika (田鹿 幸雄, Tajika Yukio), February 5, 1944) is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Tokyo. He is attached to Office PAC. He is a graduate of the Hosei University business school.

Mobile Suit Gundam 0080: War in the Pocket
Mobile Suit Gundam 0080: War in the Pocket (Japanese: 機動戦士ガンダム0080 ポケットの中の戦争, Hepburn: Kidō Senshi Gandamu 0080 Poketto no Naka no Sensō) is a six episode 1989 Japanese science fiction original video animation series. It is the first OVA series in the Gundam franchise. It was directed by Fumihiko Takayama, written by Hiroyuki Yamaga with character designs by Haruhiko Mikimoto.

As suggested by its subtitle, "War in the Pocket", it is a small, personal story; a side story focusing on the experiences of an eleven-year-old boy during the One Year War and his learning of the real meaning of war. A significant departure for the Gundam franchise at the time, Gundam 0080 has received wide acclaim from critics.
Sikhism in Hong Kong
Sikhism in Hong Kong is a minority religion (Chinese: 香港錫克教, romanized: hoeng1 gong2 sek3 hak1 gaau3). Sources vary on the Sikh population of the territory, ranging from between 12,000–15,000 Sikhs in-total.

Hong Kong Police Force
The Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF) is the primary law enforcement, investigative agency, and largest disciplined service under the Security Bureau of Hong Kong.

Pursuant to the one country, two systems principle, the HKPF is officially independent of the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China, which under usual circumstances may not interfere with Hong Kong’s local law enforcement matters. All HKPF officers are employed as civil servants and therefore required to pledge allegiance to the Hong Kong Basic Law.

The HKPF consists of approximately 34,000 officers, including the Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force, civil servants, and its Marine Region (3,000 officers and 143 vessels as of 2009).
Varennes, Winnipeg
49°51′18″N 97°06′43″W﻿ / ﻿49.855°N 97.112°W﻿ / 49.855; -97.112

Varennes is a neighbourhood in the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, located in the northern section of the district of St. Vital. It is a small triangular neighbourhood located, and is bounded by St. Mary's Road on the west, Fermor Avenue on the south, and St. Anne's Road (Trans-Canada Highway) on the east. In the 2001 census, Varennes had a population of 1,080.

The neighbourhood was named for Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La Vérendrye, an early French explorer in the district.

It is in the federal riding of Saint Boniface—Saint Vital and the provincial riding of St. Vital.

St. Boniface—St. Vital
St. Boniface—St. Vital (French: Saint-Boniface–Saint-Vital; formerly Saint Boniface–Saint Vital) is a federal electoral district in Winnipeg, Manitoba that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1925.

The district covers roughly the southern portion of the city of Winnipeg, east of the Red River. In particular, it contains the Franco-Manitoban community of Saint Boniface and roughly the northern two-thirds of the community of St. Vital. The riding (as federal electoral districts are called in Canada) has a sizeable French population (16% according to the last census) and was a Liberal Party stronghold for most of its history. It is the only riding in Western Canada that regularly elects francophone candidates to parliament.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, this riding was renamed St. Boniface—St. Vital in English for the 2025 Canadian federal election. It gained the neighbourhood of Minnetonka from Winnipeg South.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 559
United Nations Security Council resolution 559, adopted unanimously on 14 December 1984, noted a report of the secretary-general that, due to the existing circumstances, the presence of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) would continue to be essential for a peaceful settlement. The council expressed its desire for all parties to support the ten-point agreement for the resumption of intercommunal talks, and asked the secretary-general to report back again before 31 May 1985, to follow the implementation of the resolution.

The council reaffirmed its previous resolutions, including Resolution 365 (1974), expressed its concern over the situation, urged the involved parties to work together toward peace and once more extended the stationing of the Force in Cyprus, established in Resolution 186 (1964), until 15 June 1985.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 186
United Nations Security Council Resolution 186, adopted unanimously on 4 March 1964 during the Cyprus crisis of 1963–64, calling on all member states to conform to their obligations under the Charter, asked the Government of Cyprus to take all additional measures necessary to stop violence and bloodshed and called on communities in Cyprus and their leaders to act with restraint.  The resolution then recommended the creation of a peace-keeping force in the interest of preserving international peace and to prevent a recurrence of fighting and that, in agreement with the Governments of Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom, a mediator would be appointed to try to promote a peaceful solution to the problem confronting Cyprus.
W-shingling
In natural language processing a w-shingling is a set of unique shingles (therefore n-grams) each of which is composed of contiguous subsequences of tokens within a document, which can then be used to ascertain the similarity between documents.  The symbol w denotes the quantity of tokens in each shingle selected, or solved for.

The document, "a rose is a rose is a rose" can therefore be maximally tokenized as follows:

(a,rose,is,a,rose,is,a,rose)

The set of all contiguous sequences of 4 tokens (Thus 4=n, thus 4-grams) is

{ (a,rose,is,a), (rose,is,a,rose), (is,a,rose,is), (a,rose,is,a), (rose,is,a,rose) }

Which can then be reduced, or maximally shingled in this particular instance to

{ (a,rose,is,a), (rose,is,a,rose), (is,a,rose,is) }.

Jaccard index
The Jaccard index is a statistic used for gauging the similarity and diversity of sample sets.
It is defined in general taking the ratio of two sizes (areas or volumes), the intersection size divided by the union size, also called intersection over union (IoU).

It was developed by Grove Karl Gilbert in 1884 as his ratio of verification (v) and now is often called the critical success index in meteorology. It was later developed independently by Paul Jaccard, originally giving the French name coefficient de communauté (coefficient of community), and independently formulated again by Taffee Tadashi Tanimoto. Thus, it is also called Tanimoto index or Tanimoto coefficient in some fields.
James Augustus Washington
James Augustus Washington (8 March 1831, in Goldsboro, North Carolina – 1911), was a Confederate colonel during the American Civil War. He joined the Confederate States Army in April 1861 as a sergeant in the Goldsboro Rifles, which became A company, 27th North Carolina Regiment. He became captain of H company, 2nd North Carolina Regiment 16 May 1861 and Lt. Col. in the 50th North Carolina Regiment on 15 April 1862.

Col. Washington commanded the regiment during Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill's campaign against New Bern and Washington, North Carolina in 1863. He commanded the 50th during Potter's raid in 1863. Col. Washington received a reprimand for his conduct during action around Tarboro during the raid and he resigned his commission.

Before and after the war James Washington worked as a farmer and clerk.

Daniel Harvey Hill
Daniel Harvey Hill (July 12, 1821 – September 24, 1889), commonly known as D.  H. Hill, was a Confederate general who commanded infantry in the eastern and western theaters of the American Civil War.

Hill was known as an aggressive leader, being severely strict, deeply religious, and having dry, sarcastic humor. He was brother-in-law to Stonewall Jackson and a close friend to both James Longstreet and Joseph E. Johnston, but disagreements with both Robert E. Lee and Braxton Bragg cost him favor with Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Although his military ability was well respected, Hill was underused by the end of the American Civil War because of these political feuds.
Bengal Army
The Bengal Army was the army of the Bengal Presidency, one of the three presidencies of British India within the British Empire.

It was formed in 1756 and underwent various re-organisations, including the creation of irregular infantry and cavalry regiments during the 1840s. It was originally recruited from high-caste Hindus but more diversity was introduced after 1857.

The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the East India Company (EIC) until the Government of India Act 1858, passed in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, transferred all three presidencies to the direct authority of the British Crown. In 1895 the three presidency armies were merged into the British Indian Army.

1st Brahmans
The 1st Brahmans was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. The regiment fought in numerous conflict as part of Presidency armies of the East India Company as well as the British Indian Army. It was later incorporated into the 1st Punjab Regiment  and was ultimately disbanded in 1931.