hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Generalized spectrogram
A generalized spectrogram, also called "two-window spectrogram", is a generalized application of spectrograms. In order to view a signal (taken to be a function of time) represented over both time and frequency axes, a time–frequency representation is used. Spectrograms are one of the most popular time-frequency representations.

Spectrogram
A spectrogram is a visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time. 
When applied to an audio signal, spectrograms are sometimes called sonographs, voiceprints, or voicegrams. When the data are represented in a 3D plot they may be called waterfall displays.

Spectrograms are used extensively in the fields of music, linguistics, sonar, radar, speech processing, seismology, ornithology, and others. Spectrograms of audio can be used to identify spoken words phonetically, and to analyse the various calls of animals.

A spectrogram can be generated by an optical spectrometer, a bank of band-pass filters, by Fourier transform or by a wavelet transform (in which case it is also known as a scaleogram or scalogram).

A spectrogram is usually depicted as a heat map, i.e., as an image with the intensity shown by varying the colour or brightness.
Lee Ju-ho
Lee Ju-ho (Korean: 이주호; born 17 February 1961) is a South Korean economist who served as the acting president of South Korea from May to June 2025 and acting prime minister of South Korea from May to July 2025. He has also served as the deputy prime minister and education minister from 2022 to 2025.

He is a professor at the KDI School of Public Policy and Management. From 1 May 2025 to 4 June 2025, after the impeachment of president Yoon Suk Yeol, resignation of prime minister Han Duck-soo, and subsequent resignation of minister of economy Choi Sang-mok, Lee was the acting President of South Korea, acting Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister, and Minister of Education concurrently.

Deputy Prime Minister of South Korea
The deputy prime minister of the Republic of Korea (Korean: 대한민국의 부총리) is a senior member of the Cabinet of South Korea that serves as the deputy to the prime minister. The senior deputy prime minister acts for the prime minister in the event of an impeachment or vacancy. Koo Yun-cheol currently serves as deputy prime minister of Economy while Bae Kyung-hoon as deputy prime minister of Science and ICT.
Arrondissements of the Corrèze department
The 3 arrondissements of the Corrèze department are:

Arrondissement of Brive-la-Gaillarde, (subprefecture: Brive-la-Gaillarde) with 96 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 128,968 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Tulle, (prefecture of the Corrèze department: Tulle) with 105 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 70,680 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Ussel, (subprefecture: Ussel) with 78 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 40,136 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Brive-la-Gaillarde
The arrondissement of Brive-la-Gaillarde is an arrondissement of France in the Corrèze departement in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 95 communes. Its population is 128,968 (2021), and its area is 1,471.2 km2 (568.0 sq mi).
Høka
Hønefoss Jernbanevogn- og Karosserifabrikk A/S, trading as Høka and at first known as Hønefoss Karosserifabrikk A/S, was a manufacturer of bodywork for buses, trucks and trains. The company was in existence from 1936 to 1968 and was based in Hønefoss, Norway. Among the company's products is Oslo Tramway's SM53 trams, the Trondheim Tramway's GB Class 3 tram and the Norwegian State Railways Skd 221 shunters.

Hønefoss
Hønefoss is a town and the administrative center of the municipality of Ringerike in Buskerud county, Norway. Hønefoss is an industrial center of inner Østlandet, containing several factories and other industry. As of 1 January 2022, Hønefoss had 16,547 inhabitants.
Between 1852 and 1964, the town was an independent municipality.

Hønefoss received town status and was separated from Norderhov into its own municipality in 1852. The town was built around the Hønefossen waterfall, from which the city derives its name. In 1964, Hønefoss ceased being a separate municipality and became part of Ringerike, where the town became its administrative center.

Hønefoss is a natural trading center for the populations of Ringerike, Hole, and Jevnaker. It is an inland town and a central hub in eastern Norway.
1996 WAFU Club Championship
The 1996 WAFU Club Championship was the 18th  football club tournament season that took place for the runners-up or third place of each West African country's domestic league, the West African Club Championship. It was won again by Niger's military team ASFAN Niamey after defeating East End Lions in the second leg.  The club appearance was the lowest in WAFU history which had only four clubs, one each, from Ivory Coast, Niger, Sierra Leone and Senegal. A total of about 16 goals were scored, more than half less than last season.  Originally a 22 match season, only six matches were played.

West African Club Championship
The West African Club Championship (UFOA Cup), also known as the General Eyadéma Cup, was a football tournament for West African clubs from 1977 to 1999. It was open to league runners-up in the West Africa (or Zone 3) region of the CAF. While the first matches were played of the 2000 tournament, the competition was cancelled before the final, largely for financial reasons. While the intention of the CAF was to revive a national squad tournament in its place, the planned annual CSSA Nations Cup has not been regularly scheduled since. The tournament was resurrected in 2009 to pit each member country's highest team not featuring in the CAF Champions League or the CAF Confederation Cup. The final four was played in December with Togo as the host.
2009 UCI Women's Road World Cup
The 2009 UCI Women's Road World Cup was the 12th edition of the UCI Women's Road World Cup. The calendar contained the same races as the 2008 event with the exception of the Geelong World Cup, meaning that the campaign began instead in Italy.

UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.
Pterotmetus
Pterotmetus is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Rhyparochromidae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe.

Species:

Pterotmetus dimidiatus Fieber, 1861

Pterotmetus parnassius Horvath, 1882

Rhyparochromidae
The Rhyparochromidae are a large family of true bugs (order Hemiptera). Many species under Rhyparochromidae are commonly referred to as seed bugs, as are other species within the wider Pentatomomorpha. The family includes two subfamilies, more than 420 genera, and over 2,100 described species.

Rhyparochromidae are small and generally brown or mottled. The fore femora are often enlarged.

The name Rhyparochromidae comes from the Greek words rhyparos, meaning "dirt", and chromus, meaning "color".

The Rhyparochromidae were previously classified as a subfamily of Lygaeidae.
Heanton Punchardon
Heanton Punchardon (/ˈhɛntən/ /pʌnˈtʃɑːrdən/) is a village, civil parish and former manor, anciently part of Braunton Hundred. It is situated directly east-southeast of the village of Braunton, in North Devon. The parish lies on the north bank of the estuary of the River Taw and it is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by the parishes of Braunton, Marwood, Ashford and across the estuary, Fremington. The population was 418 in 1801 and 404 in 1901. Its largest localities are Wrafton and Chivenor. The surrounding area is also an electoral ward with a total population at the 2011 census of 2,673.

Ashford, North Devon
Ashford is a village and civil parish in the North Devon district of Devon, England.  According to the 2011 census it had a population of 267.

This Ashford has a different origin to other place-names called Ashford, the origin being "ash-tree enclosure" Old English æsc "ash tree" and worō / worth "enclosure". The name was recorded as Aiscawurde in 1182.

The parish church of St Peter is a grade II* listed building. The tower was rebuilt in 1798 and the remainder in 1854.
Battle of Krithia
During the Gallipoli campaign in 1915, several battles were fought near the village of Krithia, today Alçıtepe. The village was an objective of the first day of the landing, 25 April 1915. Over the following months, invading British Empire (including the 89th Punjabis of the British Indian Army) and French troops, who had landed near Cape Helles at the end of the peninsula, made several attempts to capture the village. It was never reached; the Ottoman defenders successfully repulsed every assault.

The attacks came to be known as:

The First Battle of Krithia - 28 April

The Second Battle of Krithia - 6 May - 8 May

The Third Battle of Krithia - 4 June

The Battle of Krithia Vineyard - 6 August – 13 August

Third Battle of Krithia
The Third Battle of Krithia (Turkish: Üçüncü Kirte Muharebesi), fought on the Gallipoli peninsula during World War I, was the last in a series of Allied attacks against the Ottoman defences aimed at achieving the original objectives of 25 April 1915. The previous failures in the first and second battles resulted in a less ambitious plan being developed for the attack, but the outcome was another costly failure for the Allies. The allied aim was, as always, to facilitate the capture of Alçı Tepe (Achi Baba) which commanded most of the peninsula.
Se'i
Se'i or sei is an Indonesian smoked meat from rote islandKupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Se'i may be derived from a variety of meats, with pork (se'i babi), beef (se'i sapi) or game animals such as venison (se'i rusa) as common offerings. Today, the most popular se'i meat is pork.

Se'i uses thin, sliced cuts of meat utilizing a mixture of salt and spices and smoked. Texturally, it is comparable to bacon, albeit thicker. This dish is easily found in restaurants and warung in the Timor region. In Kupang, people serve se'i with nasi panas (hot steamed rice), accompanied with sambal lu'at and jagung bose.

Kupang
Kupang (Indonesian: Kota Kupang, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈkupaŋ]), formerly known as Koepang, is the capital of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara. At the 2020 Census, it had a population of 442,758; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 474,801 (comprising 238,997 males and 235,804 females). It is the largest city and port (actually the only independent city in the province) on the island of Timor, and is a part of the Timor Leste–Indonesia–Australia Growth Triangle free trade zone. Geographically, Kupang is the southernmost large city in Indonesia, as well as the closest to Australia.
Warshi Union
Warshi Union (Bengali: ওয়ার্শী ইউনিয়ন) is a union of Mirzapur Upazila, Tangail District, Bangladesh. It is situated  10.5 km south of Mirzapur and 38.5 km southeast of Tangail, The district headquarters.

Warshi Natpukur: Warshi Natpukur is situated in the centre of the village. This place is also known by old name "warshi noulapukur". This is the place where all kind of cultural programmes are arranged by the village people.

Mirzapur, Bangladesh
Mirzapur (Bengali: মির্জাপুর) is a town of Mirzapur Upazila, Tangail District, Bangladesh. The town is situated 41 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Tangail city and 54 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.
Dell Inspiron
Inspiron (/ˈɪnspɪrɒn/ IN-spirr-on, formerly stylized as inspiron) is a line of consumer-oriented laptop computers, desktop computers and all-in-one computers sold by Dell. The Inspiron range mainly competes against Acer's Aspire and Swift; Asus's Transformer Book Flip, VivoBook and ZenBook; HP's Pavilion, Stream, Envy and Spectre; Huawei's MateBook; Lenovo's IdeaPad and Yoga; Samsung's Sens; and Toshiba's Satellite.

In January 2025, Dell announced its intentions to gradually phase out their existing lineup of computer brands in favor of a singular brand simply named as "Dell" as part of the company's shift towards the next generation of PCs with artificial intelligence capabilities. The Inspiron brand would be supplanted by the Dell laptop line designed for work, school and play, which is divided into three tiers, Dell, Dell Plus and Dell Premium.

Lenovo Yoga
Lenovo Yoga (stylized as Lenovo YOGA or simply YOGΛ) is a line of consumer-oriented high-end laptop computers, tablets, and all-in-one computers designed, developed and marketed by Lenovo, named for their ability to assume multiple form factors due to a hinged screen. The line currently competes against other 2-in-1 PCs such as the HP Spectre and Acer Spin.
Wednesday Mourning
Wednesday Mourning is an American actress and model. She specializes in the Goth subculture and has been influential in goth fashion, as well as being the celebrity spokesmodel for Atelier Gothique and appearing as a model for the band My Chemical Romance's CD Welcome To The Black Parade. She was awarded 2010 Goth Day Model of the year and LA Weekly’s Goth Girl of the Week, and since 2012, Mourning has been a co-star on Oddities: San Francisco, a Science Channel program. Mourning is also curator of an esoteric bookstore, Orphic Vellum Books, the only one of its kind in the U.S. She has appeared in several publications including Gothic Beauty and Elle Magazine and is a writing contributor for Celtic Family Magazine.

Gothic Beauty
Gothic Beauty is an American magazine established by editor Steven Holiday in the fall of 2000 after the success of the Internet social group of the same name. Gothic Beauty covers numerous aspects of underground culture including fashion, music, events and various forms of entertainment. Issues have included interviews with such Goth and Goth-friendly musicians as Alice Cooper, Diamanda Galás, KMFDM, Rasputina, Midnight Syndicate and Peter Murphy.  Also featured are interviews with fashion designers and other icons of the gothic and alternative subcultures, and myriad music reviews. Their main office is located in Portland, Oregon.

In August 2016 contributor Lenore (previously anchor of Rockworld TV) was announced as the new managing editor. She curated content for issues 49, 50 and 51.

The magazine is currently published along with a Gothic Beauty Box which is very beloved by Gothic influencers.
Asheldham Brook
Asheldham Brook is a river that flows entirely through the Maldon district in Essex, United Kingdom. It has its main source near Batts Road in the St Lawrence parish, and its mouth at Grange Outfall on the Dengie marshes, flowing out into the North Sea.

Dengie Peninsula
51°44′N 0°56′E﻿ / ﻿51.733°N 0.933°E﻿ / 51.733; 0.933
Dengie (pronounced with a soft 'g') is a peninsula in Essex, England, that once formed a hundred of the same name (sometimes spelled Dengy).

The peninsula is formed by the River Crouch to the south, the Blackwater to the north, both of which are tidal, and the North Sea to the east. The eastern part of the peninsula is marshy and forms the Dengie Marshes.

The western boundary of Dengie hundred ran from North Fambridge to a bit west of Maldon.  The peninsula forms about half of the Maldon local government district.

Places on the peninsula are:

Althorne

Asheldham

Bradwell-on-Sea

Bradwell Waterside

Burnham-on-Crouch

Cold Norton

Creeksea

Dengie (village)

Hazeleigh

Langford

Latchingdon

Maldon

Mayland

Maylandsea

Mundon

North Fambridge

Ostend

Purleigh

Ramsey Island

Snoreham

Southminster

Steeple

Stow Maries

St Lawrence Bay

Tillingham

Woodham Mortimer

Woodham Walter
Infiniti M
The Infiniti M is a line of mid-size luxury (executive) cars from the Infiniti luxury division of Nissan. From 2013 (model year 2014) on it has been marketed as the Infiniti Q70, reflecting the company's later naming formula.

The first iteration was the M30 Coupé/Convertible, rebadged variants of the JDM Nissan Leopard. After a hiatus, the M nameplate was used for Infiniti's short-lived mid-luxury M45 sedan, a rebadged version of the Japanese-spec Nissan Gloria and Infiniti's subsequent  flagship M35/45 and M37/56/35h/30d, based on the JDM Nissan Fuga.

Nissan VK engine
The VK engine is a V8 piston engine from Nissan. It is an aluminum DOHC 4-valve design.

The VK engine was originally based on Nissan's VQ V6 rather than the VH V8 used in previous Q45/Cima models. Changes include: a variable intake manifold, newly designed heads, and a larger drive by wire throttle chamber. The intake manifold directs air through different paths at different engine speeds to optimise low-end torque or high-end horsepower.
Greeks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The first communities of the Greeks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo were established prior to Belgian colonization. The Greek presence reached a peak in the 1950s when many Greeks fled Egypt following the revolution of 1952. The Greek communities organized their own schools and churches and Greeks were active in trade, fishing, transport, coffee growing and the music industry. Also, a small group of Greek Jews emigrated to the Congo in the early 20th Century.

History of the Jews in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The history of the Jews in the Democratic Republic of the Congo can be traced back to 1907, when the first Jewish immigrants began to arrive in the country. The current Jewish Congolese population is mostly of Sephardi background.
Truganina
Truganina (/trʌɡəˈnaɪnə/ TRUG-ə-NY-nə) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 22.4 km (13.9 mi) west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Melton and Wyndham local government areas. Truganina recorded a population of 36,305 at the 2021 census.

The suburb is believed to be named after Truganini, who is generally accepted as the last full-blooded Aboriginal Tasmanian woman, as she had visited the area for a short time.

Truganina is a rapidly growing suburban area, recording a population of 20,687 at the 2016 census. The southern portion within the City of Wyndham, referred to by locals as "old" Truganina, is bordered roughly by Skeleton Creek to the west and the Federation Trail to the south. The northern portion within the City of Melton encompasses the Mount Atkinson estate and surrounding rural areas.

Truganina is one of the key industrial precincts of the City of Wyndham and the key industries are manufacturing and logistics.

Bruny Island Tasmanian language
Bruny Island Tasmanian, or Nuenonne ("Nyunoni"), a name shared with Southeast Tasmanian, is an Aboriginal language or pair of languages of Tasmania in the reconstruction of Claire Bowern. It was spoken on Bruny Island, off the southeastern coast of Tasmania, by the Bruny tribe.

Bruny Island Tasmanian is attested in a list of 986 words collected by Joseph Milligan (published 1857 & 1859); in 515 words collected by George Augustus Robinson; in 273 words from Charles Sterling; and in 111 words from R.A. Roberts (published 1828). The Milligan vocabulary is divergent, and falls out as a distinct language when the lists are compared at p < 0.15, though it falls together with the rest of the island at a looser criterion of p < 0.20.
2021 Women's African Nations Volleyball Championship
The 2021 Women's African Nations Volleyball Championship is the 20th edition of the Women's African Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the African Volleyball Confederation (CAVB) with Rwanda Volleyball Federation (FRVB). The tournament is held in Kigali, Rwanda from 12 to 20 September 2021. The top two teams of the tournament will qualify for the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship as the CAVB representatives.

Women's African Volleyball Championship
The African Women's Volleyball Championship is the official competition for senior women's national volleyball teams of Africa, organized by the African Volleyball Confederation (CAVB). The tournament is currently held biannually. The current champion is Kenya, which won its tenth title at the 2023 tournament in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Zaouïa of Sidi Saâdi
The Zaouïa of Sidi Saâdi (also rendered Zawiya of Sidi Saâdi) is a religious building and educational institution located in Algiers, Algeria. It is one of the Zawiyas in Algeria affiliated with the Rahmaniya Sufi order under the supervision of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Wakfs, in accordance with the Algerian Islamic reference.

The full name of its founder Sidi Saâdi, the learned faqīh, is Abou Abdallah Mohamed ben Mohamed Saâdi.

Zawiya (institution)
A zawiya or zaouia (Arabic: زاوية, romanized: zāwiyah, lit. 'corner'; Turkish: zaviye; also spelled zawiyah or zawiyya) is a building and institution associated with Sufis in the Islamic world. It can serve a variety of functions such a place of worship, school, monastery and/or mausoleum. In some regions the term is interchangeable with the term khanqah, which serves a similar purpose. In the Maghreb, the term is often used for a place where the founder of a Sufi order or a local saint or holy man (e.g. a wali) lived and was buried. In the Maghreb the word can also be used to refer to the wider tariqa (Sufi order or brotherhood) and its membership.
Taxadiene
Taxadiene (taxa-4,11-diene) is a diterpene.  Taxadiene is the first committed intermediate in the synthesis of taxol. Six hydroxylation reactions, and a few others, are needed to convert taxadiene to baccatin III.

Enzymatically, taxadiene is produced from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate by taxadiene synthase. A biochemical gram-scale production of taxadiene has been reported in 2010 using genetically engineered Escherichia coli.

Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of diterpenes and diterpenoids. It is also the precursor to carotenoids, gibberellins, tocopherols, and chlorophylls.

It is also a precursor to geranylgeranylated proteins, which is its primary use in human cells.

It is formed from farnesyl pyrophosphate by the addition of an isoprene unit from isopentenyl pyrophosphate.

In Drosophila, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is synthesised by HMG-CoA encoded by the Columbus gene. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is utilised as a chemoattractant for migrating germ cells that have traversed the midgut epithelia. The attractant signal is produced at the gonadal precursors, directing the germ cells to these sites, where they will differentiate into eggs and spermatozoa (sperm).
Atlanto-occipital dislocation
Atlanto-occipital dislocation, orthopedic decapitation, or internal decapitation describes ligamentous separation of the spinal column from the skull base. It is possible for a human to survive such an injury; however, 70% of cases result in immediate death. It should not be confused with atlanto-axial dislocation, which describes ligamentous separation between the first and second cervical vertebra.

Axis (anatomy)
In anatomy,  the axis (from Latin axis, "axle") is the second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine, immediately inferior to the atlas, upon which the head rests. The spinal cord passes through the axis.

The defining feature of the axis is its strong bony protrusion known as the dens, which rises from the superior aspect of the bone.