hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alpinópolis
Alpinópolis is a Brazilian municipality located in the southwest of the state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020, its population was 19,958 people and its area was of 458 km2. The city is located in the micro-region of Passos. It became a municipality in 1938.

Setubinha
Setubinha is a  municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.  As of 2020 the population was 12,378 in a total area of 536 km2 (207 sq mi). The elevation is 729 metres. It is part of the Immediate Geographic Region of Teófilo Otoni.

The economy is based on cattle raising and agriculture, with the main crops being coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and corn.  As of 2005 there were no hospitals and 3 public health clinics.  In 2006 there were 14 primary schools and 2 middle schools.
Reunion and Concord (monument)
Reunion and Concord (Russian: Примирение и согласие, romanized: Primirenije i soglasije) is a bronze monument, which symbolizes  unity of the Cossacks and  their reunited with each other irrespective of political opinions and beliefs. It located on Yermaka square in Novocherkassk, Rostov oblast, Russia. The monument was designed by sculptor Anatoly Sknarin and architect I. Zhukov. The opening ceremony of the monument took place on Yermaka square in 2005 and was held in conjunction by the 200-year anniversary of Novocherkassk.

Novocherkassk
Novocherkassk (Russian: Новочерка́сск, lit. 'New Cherkassk') is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the cultural capital of the Cossacks, and as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. Population:  168,746 (2010 census); 170,822 (2002 census); 187,973 (1989 Soviet census).
Azhagi (software)
Azhagi (Tamil: அழகி) is a freeware transliteration tool, which enables its users to type in a number of regional Indian languages, including Tamil, Hindi, and others, using an English keyboard. In 2002, The Hindu dubbed Azhagi as a tool that "stand[s] out" among various similar software "emerg[ing] nearly every other day". Since year 2000, Azhagi has provided support for Tamil transliteration; this was later expanded to nearly 13 Indian languages, featuring 16 total built-in languages as of the day of writing.

In 2006, Azhagi was the recipient of the Manthan Award of India's Digital Empowerment Foundation and the World Summit Award project, in the category Localization. In the same year Azhagi was identified as a "success story" by Microsoft's Bhashaindia.com Indic language computing site.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Yanacushman
Yanacushman (possibly from Quechua yana black, kusma (or kushma in the local variant) nightdress, shirt of a woman, "black nightdress" or "black shirt", -n a suffix) is a mountain in the Huayhuash mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 m (15,748 ft) high. It is located in the Lima Region, Cajatambo Province, Cajatambo District. Yanacushman lies on the southern sub-range west of the main range, northwest of Julcán and Huacshash. It is situated between the Huayllapa valley and the Pumarinri valley.

Cordillera Huayhuash
Huayhuash (possibly from Quechua waywash, weasel, or waywashi, squirrel) is a mountain range within the Andes of Peru, in the boundaries of the regions of Ancash, Lima and Huánuco. Since 2002 it is protected within the Cordillera Huayhuash Reserved Zone.
Lumière Award for Best Director
The Lumière Award for Best Director (French: Lumière de la meilleure mise en scène) is an award presented annually by the Académie des Lumières since 1996. It was presented as the Lumière du meilleur réalisateur from 1996 to 2019.

Abdellatif Kechiche
Abdellatif Kechiche (French: [abdɛlatif keʃiʃ]; Arabic: عبد اللطيف كشيش, born 7 December 1960), also known as Abdel Kechiche, is a Tunisian-French filmmaker and actor.

Known for his naturalistic style, he has been awarded several times at the César Awards, including Best Film for Games of Love and Chance (2003) and The Secret of the Grain (2007), and the Palme d'Or at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival for his film Blue Is the Warmest Colour.
Gelfand ring
In mathematics, a Gelfand ring is a ring R with identity such that if I and J are distinct right ideals then there are elements i and j such that iRj = 0, i is not in I, and j is not in J.   Mulvey (1979) introduced them as rings for which one could prove a generalization of Gelfand duality, and named them after Israel Gelfand.

In the commutative case, Gelfand rings can also be characterized as the rings such that, for every a and b summing to 1, there exists r and s such that

.

Moreover, their prime spectrum deformation retracts onto the maximal spectrum.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Takhman Miri
Takhman Miri (Persian: تخمان ميري, also Romanized as Takhmān Mīrī) is a village in Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District, Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem District, Dalgan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25, in 7 families.

Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District
Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District (Persian: دهستان جلگه چاه هاشم) is in Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem District of Dalgan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Chegerdak.
Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II of Johor
Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II (died 1597) was the Sultan of Johor from 1571 to 1597.

Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II married Fatima Raja, sister of Sultan of Johor Muzaffar II of Johor. On Muzaffar II's death, Ali Jalla and Fatima's son Abdul Jalil I of Johor became the sultan. He died less than a year later and Ali Jalla was then made sultan.

During Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II's reign, he oversaw the reconstruction of the sultanate's former eponymous capital and its transformation into a trading port after it was destroyed by the Aceh Sultanate in 1564.

Initially, he repulsed a Portuguese attack on Johor in 1586. However, in 1587, the city was besieged, sacked, and razed by the Portuguese.

Muzaffar II of Johor
Sultan Muzaffar Shah II (1546–1570) was the second Sultan of Johor. He was known as Raja Muda Perdana before he succeeded the throne. He was installed as Sultan of Johor in 1564 by the Acehnese upon the death of his father, Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II, who died shortly after he was captured and brought back to Aceh after the Acehnese invasion of Johor.

Muzaffar II moved his capital to Seluyut in 1565 from Johor Lama to assert his independence from the Acehnese. He died of poison in 1570 and was succeeded by Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah I.
CFB Chatham
Canadian Forces Base Chatham or CFB Chatham was a Canadian Forces Base located immediately south of the town of Chatham, New Brunswick, Canada. Parts are now operating as Miramichi Municipal Airport since 1974 with a partial runway available (09/27 - asphalt).

Lockheed Hudson
The Lockheed Hudson is a light bomber and coastal reconnaissance aircraft built by the American Lockheed Aircraft Corporation.  It was initially put into service by the Royal Air Force shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War and primarily operated by it thereafter. The Hudson was a military conversion of the Model 14 Super Electra airliner, and was the first significant aircraft construction contract for Lockheed — the initial RAF order for 200 Hudsons far surpassed any previous order the company had received.

The Hudson served throughout the war, mainly with Coastal Command but also in transport and training roles, as well as delivering agents into occupied France.  It was also used extensively with the Royal Canadian Air Force's anti-submarine squadrons and by the Royal Australian Air Force.
2024 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2024 Six Nations Under 20s Championship was the 17th Six Nations Under 20s Championship, the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship for players under 20 years of age. Ireland were the reigning champions, having won the title in both 2022 and 2023. They managed four wins and a draw to match England's record for the championship, but England secured more bonus points to claim their 10th title, their first since 2021.

2022 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2022 Six Nations Under 20s Championship is the 15th Six Nations Under 20s Championship, the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship contested by the under-20 national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England were the defending champions, having completed a Grand Slam in the previous tournament. Ireland won the tournament for the fourth time and due to winning all five of their matches, a third Grand Slam.
Ekizo Fujibayashi
Ekizo Fujibayashi (藤林 益三, Fujibayashi Ekizō, August 26, 1907 – April 24, 2007) was the 7th Chief Justice of Japan (1976–1977) and a recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun.

He was born in Kyoto Prefecture and graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1931. Early in his career, he worked as a corporate attorney; he was the first practicing attorney to become Chief Justice of Japan. He returned to law practice in 1977 following his resignation.

Fujibayashi was a non-denominational Christian and followed the non-church movement.

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Japan
The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Japan (最高裁判所長官, Saikōsaibansho-chōkan) is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Japan and is the head of the judicial branch of the Japanese government.

The chief justice is ceremonially appointed by the emperor of Japan after being nominated by the Cabinet; in practice, this is following the recommendation of the retiring chief justice.
Gagingwell
Gagingwell is a hamlet in West Oxfordshire, about 6 miles (10 km) east of Chipping Norton and about 1.8 miles (3 km) east of Enstone.  The hamlet surrounds a group of springs that give rise to a brook, which flows southwards almost 1 mile (1.6 km) to join the River Glyme just downstream of the hamlet of Radford.

West Oxfordshire
West Oxfordshire is a local government district in northwest Oxfordshire, England, including towns such as Woodstock, Burford, Chipping Norton, Charlbury, Carterton and Witney, where the council is based.
2020–21 Greek Basketball Cup
The 2020–21 Greek Basketball Cup was the 46th edition of Greek top-tier level professional domestic basketball cup competition. The previous winner of the cup was AEK. The cup competition started on 13 September 2020 and ended on 9 May 2021. Panathinaikos won the competition.

Greek Basketball Cup
The Greek Basketball Cup or Hellenic Basketball Cup (also stylized as Basket Cup; Greek: Κύπελλο Ελλάδος καλαθοσφαίρισης ανδρών) is the top-tier level annual professional basketball national cup competition in Greece. It is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (E.O.K.).
Graus
Graus (Spanish: [ˈɡɾaws]) is a village in the Spanish province of Huesca, located in the Pyrenees at the confluence of rivers Esera and Isabena. It is the administrative capital of the region. It is one of the areas of Aragon in which is still preserved the Aragonese language.

The Battle of Graus took place here, and Spanish philosopher Baltasar Gracián y Morales was exiled here. During the Spanish Civil War, the village of Graus served as a fairly important local commercial center with 2,600 inhabitants around 1936. It was a libertarian stronghold and a centre of collectivization at that time.

Vincent Ferrer
Vincent Ferrer, OP (Valencian: Sant Vicent Ferrer [ˈsaɱ viˈsɛɱ feˈreɾ]; Spanish: San Vicente Ferrer; Italian: San Vincenzo Ferreri; German: Sankt Vinzenz Ferrer; Dutch: Sint-Vincent Ferrer; French: Saint Vincent Ferrier; 23 January 1350 – 5 April 1419) was a Valencian Dominican friar who gained acclaim as a preacher, missionary and logician. After supporting Antipope Benedict XIII during the Western Schism, Ferrer travelled to preach across Western Europe and the British Isles. His preaching has been credited in some sources as converting 25,000 Jews to Catholicism, other sources indicate that they involved supporting coercive means, such as the forcible conversion of synagogues into churches. He was canonized in 1455.
Rank 1
Rank 1 is a Dutch trance group founded by Piet Bervoets and Benno de Goeij in 1999. Although Piet & Benno had worked together since 1997, Rank 1 was the first project which saw them achieve commercial success beyond the Trance scene. Widely regarded as one of the originators of the Dutch Anthem Trance sound, the group have produced a number of dancefloor hits since their conception.

Jochen Miller
Jochen van der Steijn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɔxə(ɱ) vɑn dər ˈstɛin]; born 11 April 1979), better known by his stage name Jochen Miller (pronounced [ˈjɔxə ˈmɪlər]), is a Dutch trance musician and progressive house DJ.
1946 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1946 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 56th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after a 4–05 to 0–03 defeat of Carrick Swans in the final. It was their 16th championship title overall and their third title in succession.

1945 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1945 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 55th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after a defeat of Roscrea in the final. It was their 15th championship title overall and their second title in succession.
Dogondoutchi
Dongondoutchi ("High Hill", also nicknamed Doutchi) is a commune in Niger. It is located about 300 km east of the capital Niamey and 40 km from the Nigerian border. It lies on national route 1 which links the capital to the towns of Maradi and Zinder to the east and the RN25 heading to north to Tahoua, Agadez and Arlit.

The limits of the Dogondoutchi district are roughly those of the ancient region of the Arewa. Since 2008, Dogondoutchi is the administrative centre of the surrounding Dogondoutchi department which carries the same name. It is part of the Dosso Region. The population is near 70,000 distributed over the urban centre with near 40,000, 17 villages lying 5 to 30 km from the centre and 5 Fula tribes.

Arlit
Arlit is an industrial town and capital of the Arlit Department of the Agadez Region of northern-central Niger, built between the Sahara Desert and the eastern edge of the Aïr Mountains. It is 200 kilometers south by road from the border with Algeria. As of 2012, the commune had a total population of 79,725 people.
Gevorg Ghazaryan
Gevorg Ghazaryan (Armenian: Գևորգ Ղազարյան; born 5 April 1988) is an Armenian former professional footballer who  played as an attacking midfielder or forward.

Ghazaryan has participated in 73 international matches, scoring 14 goals since his debut on 14 January 2007. He previously played for Greek Super League clubs Olympiacos and Kerkyra, and earlier for Pyunik.

2009 Armenian Cup
The 2009 Armenian Cup was the 18th season of Armenian knockout football competition. It featured only 8 Premier League teams. The tournament started on 17 March 2009 and ended on 9 May 2009. The defending champions were Ararat Yerevan.
Erotokritos
Erotokritos (Greek: Ἐρωτόκριτος) is a romance composed by Vikentios Kornaros in early 17th century Crete. It consists of 10,012 fifteen-syllable rhymed verses, the last twelve of which refer to the poet himself. It is written in the Cretan dialect of the Greek language. Its central theme is love between Erotokritos (only referred to in the work as Rotokritos or Rokritos) and Aretousa. Around this theme, revolve other themes such as honour, friendship, bravery and courage. Erotokritos and Erophile by Georgios Hortatzis constitute classic examples of Greek Renaissance literature and are considered to be the most important works of Cretan literature. It remains a popular work to this day, largely due to the music that accompanies it when it is publicly recited. A particular type of rhyming used in the traditional mantinades was also the one used in Erotokritos.

Georgios Chortatzis
Georgios Chortatzis or Chortatsis (Greek: Γεώργιος Χορτάτζης/Χορτάτσης; c. 1545 – c. 1610) was a Greek dramatist in Cretan verse. He was, along with Vitsentzos Kornaros, one of the main representatives of a school of literature in the vernacular Cretan dialect that flourished in the late 16th and early 17th centuries under Venetian rule. His best-known work is Erofili (or Erophile), a tragedy set in Egypt.
Cyril Bowles
Christianity portal

Cyril William Johnston Bowles (9 May 1916 – 14 September 1999) was the fourth Bishop of Derby, from 1969 to 1988.

He was educated at Brentwood School and Cambridge University, he was made deacon at Advent 1939 (18 December) and ordained priest the next Advent (22 December 1940) — both times by Henry Wilson, Bishop of Chelmsford at Chelmsford Cathedral. His career began with a curacy at Barking Parish Church. Following this he was Chaplain at Ridley Hall, Cambridge and after that Vice Principal and then Principal. Finally, before his appointment to the episcopate, he was Archdeacon of Swindon. He was consecrated a bishop by Michael Ramsey, Archbishop of Canterbury on All Saints' Day 1969 (1 November) at Westminster Abbey.

Bishop of Derby
The Bishop of Derby is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Derby in the Province of Canterbury.

The diocese was formed from part of the Diocese of Southwell in 1927 under George V and roughly covers the county of Derbyshire. Before this time however there had been two bishops suffragan of Derby whilst the town was still within the Diocese of Southwell.

The bishop's seat (cathedra) or see is located in the City of Derby at Derby Cathedral – formerly the parish church of All Saints, which was elevated to cathedral status in 1927. The bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Duffield.

The current bishop is Libby Lane, since the confirmation on 11 February 2019 of her election.
Southern Avenue station
Southern Avenue station is an island platformed Washington Metro station in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The station was opened on January 13, 2001, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for only the Green Line, the station is located on the southern side of Southern Avenue, putting it just outside the District of Columbia, opposite Valley Terrace straddling the D.C/Maryland border. Southern Avenue is the first station in Maryland going southeast on the Green Line.

Groundbreaking for the final segment of the Green Line occurred on September 23, 1995, and the station opened on January 13, 2001. Its opening coincided with the completion of approximately 6.5 miles (10.5 km) of rail southeast of the Anacostia station and the opening of the  Congress Heights, Naylor Road, Suitland, and Branch Avenue stations.

This station provides service to National Harbor via Metrobus route P94 and TheBus route P95.

Anacostia station
38°51′43.6″N 76°59′43.1″W﻿ / ﻿38.862111°N 76.995306°W﻿ / 38.862111; -76.995306

Anacostia station is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C., on the Green Line. The station is located in the Anacostia neighborhood of Southeast Washington, with entrances at Shannon Place and Howard Road near Martin Luther King, Jr. Avenue SE  (a major street serving the southeastern portion of the city). The station serves as a hub for Metrobus routes in Southeast, Washington, D.C., and Prince George's County, Maryland.
USS Prestige (MSO-465)
USS Prestige (AM-465/MSO-465) was an Agile-class minesweeper acquired by the U.S. Navy for the task of removing mines that had been placed in the water to prevent the safe passage of ships.

Prestige (AM–465) was laid down 15 April 1952 by Wilmington Boat Works, Wilmington, California; launched 30 April 1954; sponsored by Mrs. William R. Poulson; and commissioned 11 September 1954.

Agile-class minesweeper
The Agile-class minesweepers are a class of US-built ocean-going minesweepers. 58 ships were built for the United States Navy, 35 ships were built for the allied NATO navies of Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway and Portugal. Thirteen ships were later transferred to Belgium, Spain, Taiwan, the Philippines and Uruguay.

There is some confusion on how to name this class. The class is often described as the Aggressive class, as USS Aggressive (MSO-422) was the first ship to be commissioned. Sometimes four ships are a Dash-class subclass, although all ships are of the same design.
United States security clearance
A United States security clearance is an official determination that an individual may access information classified by the United States Government. Security clearances are hierarchical; each level grants the holder access to information in that level and the levels below it.

The US president can declassify previously classified information, following a detailed process.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Cascouia River
The Cascouia River is a tributary of Kenogami Lake, flowing in the municipality of Larouche in the Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality and in the city of Saguenay, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The Cascouia river valley is served by the route 169 and the “route des Bâtisseurs” which bypasses the northern part of the lake. This valley is also served by a few secondary forest roads, especially for forestry and recreational tourism activities.

Recreational and tourist activities are the main economic activity around Cascouia Bay, especially vacationing around Lac du Camp; hydroelectric activities, second; forestry, third.

The surface of the Cascouia River is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from mid-December to mid-March.

Jonquière
Jonquière (/ʒɒŋˈkjɛər/; French pronunciation: [ʒɔ̃kjɛʁ]; 2021 population: 60,250) is a borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. It is located on the Saguenay River, near the borough of Chicoutimi.