hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chocolate industry in the Philippines
The chocolate industry in the Philippines developed after the introduction of the cocoa tree to Philippine agriculture. The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times. Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago. Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in Southeast Asia. There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to soil and climate. The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.

Daing
Daing, tuyô, buwad, or bilad (lit. 'sun-dried'  or 'sun-baked') are dried fish from the Philippines. Fish prepared as daing are usually split open (though they may be left whole), gutted, salted liberally, and then sun and air-dried. There are also "boneless" versions which fillet the fish before the drying process. It was originally a preservation technique, as salt inhibits the growth of bacteria, allowing fish to be stored for long periods of time.

Daing is fried or grilled before consumption, though it can also be wrapped in foil and baked in an oven. It is usually dipped in vinegar and eaten with white rice for breakfast. Notably, it is traditionally paired with champorado (traditional Filipino chocolate rice gruel). It can also be used as an ingredient in other dishes.

Daing is considered peasant food because it is relatively cheap but has gained significance in Philippine culture as comfort food.
Benjamin Andrew
Benjamin Andrew (c. 1726—December 16, 1790) was an American rice planter, slave-owner, and state politician in the Royal Province of Georgia, and later, the State of Georgia.  He became heavily involved in supporting the Patriot cause in the American Revolution and was closely associated with other patriotic Georgia leaders, like Noble W. Jones, Button Gwinnett, Archibald Bulloch, Lyman Hall, George Walton, Lachlan McIntosh, Nathan Brownson, John Houstoun, John Adam Treutlen, Edward Telfair, Samuel Elbert, Richard Howley, William Few, and William Glascock.

Archibald Bulloch
Archibald Stobo Bulloch (January 1, 1730 – February 22, 1777) was an American lawyer, military officer and politician who served as the seventh governor of Georgia from 1776 to 1777. Born in the Province of South Carolina, Bulloch fought in the Georgia Militia during the American Revolution, and was also a great-grandfather of Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, and great-great-grandfather of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States.
2023 Men's T20 World Cup Asia regional final
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup was the ninth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, a biennial world cup for cricket in Twenty20 International (T20I) format, organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The qualification process for the world cup included two stages: direct qualification and regional qualification. The regional qualification for Asia was held in two stages: sub-regional qualifiers and regional final.

The Asia regional final was hosted by Cricket Association of Nepal from 30 October to 5 November 2023. Oman and Nepal qualified for the T20 World Cup after winning the semi-finals and advancing to the final. Oman's Aqib Ilyas was named player of the series while Nepal's Kushal Bhurtel scored the most runs (185) and Oman's Bilal Khan took the most wickets (11) in the tournament.

2024 Men's T20 World Cup qualification
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup was the ninth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, a biennial world cup for cricket in Twenty20 International (T20I) format, organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). It was co-hosted by Cricket West Indies and USA Cricket from 1 to 29 June 2024. It was the first major ICC tournament to include matches played in the United States. The West Indies had previously hosted the 2010 competition.

In June 2021, the ICC announced that the men's T20 World Cup would expand to 20 teams beginning in 2024 onwards from 16 teams until 2022. The qualification process for the 2024 tournament included two stages: direct qualification and regional qualification. 12 teams were awarded direct qualification while 81 teams took part in the regional qualification to compete for the remaining 8 spots. The regional qualification included series of sub-regional qualifiers and regional finals held between July 2022 and November 2023.
Mountain View Corridor
The Mountain View Corridor is a freeway under construction in northern Utah that will run along the western periphery of Salt Lake County and south into northwest Utah County. Except for the last several miles on its southern end the Mountain View Corridor is numerically designated as State Route 85 (SR-85) in the Utah state highway system. The entire Mountain View Corridor is maintained by the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT).

Utah Department of Transportation
The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) is an agency of the state government of Utah, United States; it is usually referred to by its initials UDOT (pronounced "you-dot"). UDOT is responsible for approximately 5,900 miles (9,495 kilometers) of state highways in Utah. UDOT's purview extends to other transportation sectors including:

aeronatics,

paved trails,

transit,

rail,

amusement park ride safety,

motor carriers and ports of entry, and

nautical.

UDOT has three executive leaders. The Executive Director is Carlos Braceras with Lisa Wilson and Ben Huot as Deputy Directors. Project priorities are set forth by the independent Utah Transportation Commission, which coordinates directly with the UDOT. UDOT's three strategic goals include: Zero Fatalities, Optimize Mobility, and Preserve Infrastructure. UDOT's jurisdiction, regulations, and service responsibilities are governed by Utah state law.
Gaspocyrtoceras
Gaspocyrtoceras is a genus of orthocerids included in the Paraphragmitidae. Its fossils are limited to North America and have been found in Wisconsin and Quebec.

The shell of Gaspocyrtoceras is a coarsely annularted exogastric cyrtocone.  Curvature is upward, the ventral side convex in profile. Annulations slope dorso-ventally to the rear as they do in Calocyrtoceras.  Striations on the surface, fine goove-like features, are longitudinal in contrast to the transverse striations of Cyrtocycloceras.

Paraphragmitidae
Paraphragmitidae is an extinct family of actively mobile aquatic carnivorous cephalopods belonging to the subclass Orthoceratoidea endemic to what would be Asia and Europe during the Silurian living from 436 to 418.7 mya, existing for approximately 17.3 million years.

In life, these animals may have been similar to the modern squid, except for the long shell. The internal structure of the shell consists of concavo-convex chambers linked by a centrally-placed tube called a siphuncle.
Kyzyltau (Pavlodar Region)
Kyzyltau (Kazakh: Қызылтау) is a mountain range located in Bayanaul District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

The border between Karaganda Region and Pavlodar Region lies at the southern end of the mountain range. Zhanatilek lies roughly 60 kilometers (37 mi) to the west and Yegindybulak town 55 kilometers (34 mi) to the south.

Pavlodar Region
Pavlodar Region is a region of Kazakhstan. Its population was 742,475 (2009 census results) and before that 806,983 (1999 census results). The latest official estimate (as at the start of 2022) was 756,511. Its capital is the city of Pavlodar, which had a population of 360,014 at the start of 2018. Many people, especially Ukrainians, migrated to Pavlodar during Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign.

The Bayanaul National Park, a protected area of the Kazakh Uplands, is located in the Bayanaul Range, within 100 km of Ekibastuz.
Theerthamalai
Theerthamalai is an important sacred place in Harur taluk of Dharmapuri district, located in Tamil Nadu, India. The name Theerthamalai in Tamil means "Hill with Holy Water". 
Theerthamalai is a village situated about 16 km (about 9.9 mi) northeast of Harur.

Theerthagirishwarar Temple is located at the top of a hillock. The temple, situated about 1 km (about 0.6 mi) up the steep slope of the hillock, derives its name from the five springs in the temple. Lord Theerthagireeswar (Shiva) is the worshiped deity.
The Rama Theertham is a tiny waterfall about 9.1 meters (about 30 feet) high. During summer, even when the river is dry, there is fresh water from in spring that flows from rock.

Dharmapuri district
Dharmapuri district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil-Nadu, India. It is the first district created in Tamil Nadu after the independence of India by splitting it from then-Salem district on 2 October 1965. Dharmapuri District is one of the major producers of mango in the state, fine quality granite is found in the district. It is also one of the main sericulture belts in the state. Around 30 percent of the district's area is under forest cover. Kaveri enters Tamil Nadu through this district. Dharmapuri district had the lowest literacy rate of 74.23% in Tamilnadu during the 2011 census.
Jankowski's bunting
Jankowski's bunting or rufous-backed bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae.

It breeds in the Russian Far East, Manchuria and far northeastern Korea, where its natural habitats are temperate shrubland and grassland. In 2020 it was discovered to be breeding in Mongolia. The species is threatened by habitat loss, caused by overgrazing and changes in agriculture. It is currently listed as endangered.

The bird's English name honours the Polish collector Michał Jankowski, who collected a specimen on 9 March 1886 on his estate in Sidemi in the Primorsky Krai. The specimen was sent to Ladislaus Taczanowski who described the species in 1888.

Jankowski's bunting is given the highest level of protection under Chinese law, being added to the list of species named under the Wildlife Protection Law in 2021.

Emberiza
The buntings are a group of Old World passerine birds forming the genus Emberiza, the only genus in the family Emberizidae. The family contains 44 species. They are seed-eating birds with stubby, conical bills.
Tangata manu
The Tangata manu (Rapa Nui: taŋata manu; lit. 'birdman') was the winner of a traditional ritual competition on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) to collect the first sooty tern (manu tara) egg of the season from the nearby islet of Motu Nui, swim back to Rapa Nui, and climb the sea cliffs of Rano Kau to the clifftop village of Orongo.

Rapa Nui language
Rapa Nui or Rapanui (English: /ˌræpəˈnuːi/; Rapa Nui: [ˈɾapa ˈnu.i]; Spanish: [ˈrapa ˈnu.i]), also known as Pascuan (/ˈpæskjuən/ PAS-kew-ən) or Pascuense, is an Eastern Polynesian language. It is spoken on Easter Island, also known as Rapa Nui.

The island is home to a population of just under 6,000 and is a special territory of Chile. According to census data, there are 6,659 people (on both the island and the Chilean mainland) who identify as ethnically Rapa Nui. Census data does not exist on the primary known and spoken languages among these people. In 2008, the number of fluent speakers was reported as low as 800. Rapa Nui is a minority language and many of its adult speakers also speak Spanish. Most Rapa Nui children now grow up speaking Spanish and those who do learn Rapa Nui begin learning it later in life.
Abdul Khair Basri
Haji Abdul Khair bin Haji Basri (born 5 January 1996) is a Bruneian international footballer who plays for Indera SC. Predominantly a central midfielder, his attributes and versatility also allows him to play as a centre-back or as a forward when required.

2025 Brunei FA Cup
The 2025 Brunei FA Cup was the 14th edition of the Brunei FA Cup. A record low of 12 teams will enter the competition that ran from February to May 2025 by the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam.

On 18 May 2025, the second team of DPMM FC became the winners of the competition after a 1–0 victory over Indera SC.
Sean Gannon (footballer)
Sean Gannon (born 11 July 1991) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a defender for  Shelbourne in the League of Ireland Premier Division. He previously played for Shamrock Rovers (over 2 spells), St Patrick's Athletic, and Dundalk. He has won a record 11 League of Ireland Premier Division winners medals. Gannon has featured in European competition group stage/league phase for Dundalk, Shamrock Rovers, and Shelbourne. He has made 64 appearances in European competition – a record for a League of Ireland player.

League of Ireland Cup
The League of Ireland Cup, also referred to in Ireland as the 'League Cup', was an annual knockout competition in men's football in Ireland. It was contested by League of Ireland clubs and invited clubs from the lower levels of the Irish football league system. It has been sponsored by Electronic Arts and branded the EA Sports Cup since 2009.

The competition began in 1973–74, replacing the League of Ireland Shield and the Dublin City Cup. It has had several formats since its inception and has been a knock-out competition since 2005. As there was no European qualification for winners of the League of Ireland Cup, it had a lower status than the FAI Cup and was therefore seen as the third most important trophy in the Irish playing season.

The competition was not held in 2020 and 2021 as a result of delays and restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and has yet to resume being held as of 2025.
Mulcahy Stadium
Mulcahy Stadium is a 3,500-capacity baseball park in Anchorage, Alaska. Opened in 1963, although the grass of the playing surface was seeded in 1962, it is home to two teams of the Alaska Baseball League: the Anchorage Glacier Pilots and Anchorage Bucs. In addition to the Glacier Pilots and Bucs, high school and American Legion games are played at Mulcahy.

Alaska Baseball League
The Alaska Baseball League (ABL) is an amateur collegiate summer baseball league based entirely in southern Alaska.  Players in the league must have attended one year of college and must have one year of NCAA eligibility remaining.

In the past, the ABL has sent its top teams to compete at the National Baseball Congress (NBC) World Series, where the league's representatives have won multiple championships.  Anchorage has won in 1969, 1971, 1986, 1991, and 2001, Fairbanks in 1972, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1980, and 2002, Kenai in 1977, 1993, and 1994, and Matsu in 1987 and 1997.  League teams have also finished second in several years.
Neohygrocybe nitrata
Neohygrocybe nitrata is a species of agaric (gilled mushroom) in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of nitrous waxcap, based on its smell. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Waxcap grassland
Waxcap grassland is a type of short-sward, nutrient-poor grassland that supports a diverse range of larger fungi, particularly waxcaps (species of Hygrocybe and related genera), which are characteristic of such habitats.  Waxcap grasslands are principally found in Europe, where they are declining due to agricultural practices. Consequently, the fungal species are of conservation concern, and efforts have been made in the United Kingdom and elsewhere to protect both the grasslands and their characteristic fungi. Thirty European species of waxcap grassland fungi are currently assessed as globally "vulnerable" or "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of threatened species.
2020 Ganja missile attacks
The Ganja ballistic missile attacks (Azerbaijani: Gəncə bombalanmaları) comprise four separate ballistic missile attacks on the city of Ganja, Azerbaijan, in October 2020, carried out by the Armenian military forces during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War.

The first attack took place on 4 October, killing one civilian and wounding over 30. The second attack occurred on 8 October; no casualties were reported. The third attack happened on 11 October. According to Azerbaijan's Foreign Ministry, at least seven people died and 33 were injured, including children. The fourth attack occurred on 17 October. According to initial reports, fifteen civilians were killed and fifty-five injured in the attack. Infrastructure was also destroyed, including apartment blocks and other buildings, and vehicles.

Ministry of Defence (Azerbaijan)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Müdafiə Nazirliyi) or MN is an Azerbaijani government agency that is associated with the Azerbaijani military. The ministry is responsible for keeping Azerbaijan defended against external threats, preserving its territorial integrity, waging war on behalf of Azerbaijan (for example, Azerbaijan's contribution to the war on terror), and the surveillance of the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea sea and airspace. The Minister of Defence is appointed and removed from the post by the Commander-in-chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, the President of Azerbaijan.

The ministry building is located in Baku, at 3 Parliament Avenue.
Maiuma (city)
Maiuma (also Maiumas or Maiouma, Maioumas) is one of the names of the main ancient port of Gaza, at times functioning as a separate city; the other ancient port of Gaza was Anthedon. Its remains are situated at present-day Rimal near Gaza City in the Gaza Strip.

Incense trade route
The incense trade route was an ancient network of major land and sea trading routes linking the Mediterranean world with eastern and southern sources of incense, spices and other luxury goods, stretching from Mediterranean ports across the Levant and Egypt through Northeast Africa and Arabia —through both the sea and the land along the Red Sea— to India and beyond. These routes collectively served as channels for the trading of goods such as Arabian frankincense and myrrh; Indian spices, precious stones, pearls, ebony, silk and fine textiles; and from the Horn of Africa, rare woods, feathers, animal skins, Somali frankincense, gold, and slaves. The incense land trade from South Arabia to the Mediterranean flourished between roughly the 3rd century BC and the 2nd century AD.
El Mamey Formation
The El Mamey Formation is a geologic formation in the Dominican Republic. The formation consists of shales and sandstones interspersed with a conglomerate of well-rounded pebbles, deposited in a fluvio-deltaic environment. El Mamey Formation is one of the formations containing Dominican amber and preserves fossils dating back to the Burdigalian to Langhian period.

Dominican amber
Dominican amber is amber from the Dominican Republic derived from resin of the extinct tree Hymenaea protera.

Dominican amber differentiates itself from Baltic amber by being nearly always transparent, and it has a higher number of fossil inclusions. This has enabled the detailed reconstruction of the ecosystem of a long-vanished tropical forest.
Yevamot
Yevamot (Hebrew: יבמות, "Brother's Widow", also pronounced Yevamos, or Yavmus) is a tractate of the Talmud that deals with, among other concepts, the laws of Yibbum (ייבום, loosely translated in English as levirate marriage), and, briefly, with conversion to Judaism.  This tractate is the first in the order of Nashim (נשים, "Women").

Yevamot, along with Eruvin and Niddah, is considered one of the three most difficult tractates in the Babylonian Talmud. A Hebrew mnemonic for the three is עני (ani, meaning "poverty").

Levirate marriage
Levirate marriage is a type of marriage in which the brother of a deceased man is obliged to marry his widowed sister-in-law. Levirate marriage has been practiced by societies with a strong clan structure in which exogamous marriage (i.e. marriage outside the clan) is forbidden.
2004 NCAA women's gymnastics championships
The 2004 NCAA women's gymnastics championships were contested at the 23rd annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the individual and team national champions of women's gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.

The competition took place April 15–17 in Los Angeles, California, hosted by UCLA at Pauley Pavilion.

Hosts and defending champions UCLA won the team championship, the Bruins' fifth NCAA national title and fifth in seven years.

Jeana Rice, from Alabama, won the individual all-around championship.

NCAA women's gymnastics tournament
The NCAA women's gymnastics tournament is an annual competition sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to determine the team and individual national champions of women's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States. Unlike most other NCAA-sponsored sports, the women's gymnastics championship is not separated into divisions and uses a single National Collegiate tournament instead.
Tortuguero Lagoon
Laguna Tortuguero Nature Reserve is a protected area located between the municipalities of Vega Baja and Manatí in Puerto Rico, containing Laguna Tortuguero, the largest freshwater lagoon in the island.

The lagoon is one of only two natural freshwater lakes in the island of Puerto Rico (the other being Laguna Cartagena), and is home to an ample variety of species.

Adelaide's warbler
Adelaide's warbler (Setophaga adelaidae), or reinita mariposera (in Puerto Rican Spanish) is a bird endemic to the archipelago of Puerto Rico belonging to the genus Setophaga of the family Parulidae (New World warblers).
Chandrashila
Chandrashila  is the summit above Tungnath temple in India. It literally means "Moon Stone". It is located at a height of about 3,690 metres (12,110 ft) above sea level. This peak provides views of the Himalayas, including Nandadevi, Trisul, Kedar Peak, Bandarpunch and Chaukhamba peaks. There are various legends associated with this place. According to one such legend, this is where Rama meditated after defeating the demon-king Ravana. Another legend says that the moon-god Chandra spent time here in penance.

Trisul
Trisul or Trishul is a group of three Himalayan mountain peaks of western Kumaun, Uttarakhand, with the highest (Trisul I) reaching 7120m.  The three peaks resemble a trident - in Sanskrit, Trishula, trident, is the weapon of Shiva. The Trishul group forms the southwest corner of the ring of peaks enclosing the Nanda Devi Sanctuary, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west-southwest of Nanda Devi itself. The main peak, Trisul I, was the first peak over 7,000 m (22,970 ft) to have ever been climbed, in 1907.
Hartlib Circle
The Hartlib Circle was the correspondence network set up in Western and Central Europe by Samuel Hartlib, an intelligencer based in London, and his associates, in the period 1630 to 1660. Hartlib worked closely with John Dury, an itinerant figure who worked to bring Protestants together.

John Sadler (town clerk)
John Sadler (of Warmwell, Dorset) (18 August 1615 – April 1674) was an English lawyer, academic, Member of Parliament, Town Clerk of London, Hebraist, Neoplatonist and millenarian thinker, private secretary to Oliver Cromwell, and member of the Parliamentarian Council of State. He was Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge from 1650 to 1660.

Sadler was educated at Emmanuel College at the University of Cambridge.