hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hibiscus denudatus
Hibiscus denudatus (common names: paleface, rock hibiscus) is a perennial shrub of the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is in the rosemallow genus, Hibiscus.

It is found in the southwest of North America in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico in the states of extreme southeast California, southern Nevada, southern Arizona and New Mexico, southwest Texas, Baja California-north, Sonora, Chihuahua, and Coahuila. It can be found in the Colorado and Sonoran Deserts, and in the east to the Chihuahuan Desert.

In California, Rock Hibiscus is exclusive to the southeast, the Colorado Desert-(northwestern Sonoran Desert) and neighboring Baja California state, Mexico.

Hibiscus
Hibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. The genus is quite large, comprising several hundred species that are native to warm temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world. Member species are renowned for their large, showy flowers and those species are commonly known simply as "hibiscus", or less widely known as rose mallow. The genus includes both annual and perennial herbaceous plants, as well as woody shrubs and small trees.

Several species are widely cultivated as ornamental plants, notably Hibiscus syriacus and Hibiscus × rosa-sinensis.
Josh Dunkley-Smith
Joshua Dunkley-Smith (born 28 June 1989 in Geelong, Australia) is an Australian former representative rower. He was a national champion, a dual Olympian, two-time silver Olympic medal winner, and won medals at five World Rowing Championships.

2014 World Rowing Championships
The 2014 World Rowing Championships were the 44th edition of the World Rowing Championships and were held from 24 to 31 August 2014 at Bosbaan, Amsterdam in the Netherlands, the second occasion on which the event had been held in Amsterdam, or the Netherlands.

The annual week-long rowing regatta is organised by FISA (the International Rowing Federation and in non-Olympic Games years such as 2014 he regatta is the highlight of the international rowing calendar, where all classes of boats compete.

The 2014 championships were notable for the number of world best times set on days seven & eight of competition. New Zealand rowers Eric Murray and Hamish Bond achieved a rare double in the coxed and coxless pairs.
Alex Prager
Alex Prager (born November 1, 1979) is an American artist, director, and screenwriter based in Los Angeles.

Prager is best known for making large-scale photographic works that distort the boundaries between reality and artifice, often centered around the human condition. Her photographs and first short film were included in MoMA's New Photography 2010 exhibition and in 2023, Prager was named one of the "25 New Faces of Independent Film."

Corcoran Gallery of Art
The Corcoran Gallery of Art was an art museum in Washington, D.C., at the location where the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design, a part of the George Washington University, is now.

Founded in 1869 by philanthropist William Wilson Corcoran, the gallery was one of the earliest public art museums in the United States.  It held an important collection that became concentrated in American art. In 1890, it started its art school. Its Beaux-Arts style building on The Ellipse was opened in 1897. Due to a prolonged economic shortfall, the Gallery failed in October 2014; pursuant to its founding charter, its art school and building transferred to GWU and the 19,456 works in its collection were distributed to other public museums and institutions in Washington, D.C., primarily the National Gallery of Art.
2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – Pool A
Group A of the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group III of the 2005 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team will play for advancement to Group II.

2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the sixteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III. The top two teams advanced to 2006 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II.
Aerial silk
Aerial silks (also known as aerial contortion, aerial ribbons,  aerial tissues, fabric, ribbon, or tissu) is a type of performance in which one or more artists perform aerial acrobatics while hanging from a specialist fabric. The fabric may be hung as two pieces, or a single piece, folded to make a loop, classified as hammock silks. Performers climb the suspended fabric without the use of safety lines and rely only on their training and skill to ensure safety. They use the fabric to wrap, suspend, drop, swing, and spiral their bodies into and out of various positions. The fabric may also be used to fly through the air, striking poses and figures. Some performers use rosin (dried or mixed with rubbing alcohol) on their hands and feet to increase the friction and grip on the fabric. Aerial silks is a demanding art and requires a high degree of strength, power, flexibility, courage, stamina, and grace to practice.

Contortion
Contortion (sometimes contortionism) is a performance art in which performers called contortionists showcase their skills of extreme physical flexibility. Contortion acts often accompany acrobatics, circus acts, street performers and other live performing arts. Contortion acts are typically performed in front of a live audience. An act will showcase one or more artists performing a choreographed set of moves or poses, often to music, which require extreme flexibility. The physical flexibility required to perform such acts greatly exceeds that of the general population. It is the dramatic feats of seemingly inhuman flexibility that captivate audiences.
Simon Santoso
Simon Santoso (born 29 July 1985) is an Indonesian former badminton player. He was two-time SEA Games men's singles champion winning in 2009 and 2011, also featured in Indonesia team that won the men's team title in 2003, 2007, 2009, and 2011. Santoso won the Indonesia Open a Superseries Premier tournament in 2012. He reached a career high as world number 3 in August 2010.

BWF Super Series
The BWF Super Series was a series of Grade 2 badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It was launched on December 14, 2006, and implemented in 2007.

Since 2011, the Super Series includes two levels of tournament, Super Series Premier and Super Series. A season of Super Series featured twelve tournaments around the world, including five of them classified as Super Series Premier. Super Series Premier tournament offers higher ranking point and higher minimum total prize money. Top eight players/pairs in each discipline in Super Series standings are invited to the Super Series Finals held at the year end.

BWF announced a new tournament structure in March 2017, BWF World Tour together with the new hosts for the 2018–2021 cycle to replace this Super Series tournament.
San Pietro Mosezzo
San Pietro Mosezzo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 miles) northeast of Turin and about 5 kilometres (3 miles) west of Novara.

San Pietro Mosezzo is divided into four frazioni (wards)—San Pietro (chef-lieu), Cesto, Mosezzo and Nibbia—and three hamlets—Cascinazza, San Stefano and Torre San Pietrina (San Pietro Mosezzo's industrial park). The Canale Cavour flows across the town.

San Pietro Mosezzo borders the following municipalities: Biandrate, Briona, Caltignaga, Casaleggio Novara, Casalino, Novara, and Vicolungo.

Casaleggio Novara
Casaleggio Novara is a comune (municipality) in the province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Novara.
Jewish Book Week
Jewish Book Week is a literary festival in London, held annually in February and March, that explores Jewish literature, ideas and culture. The festival was founded in 1952 and since 2012 it has been presented at Kings Place, alongside a variety of other venues such as JW3. It is organised by the UK Jewish Literary Foundation and its director is Claudia Rubinstein.

JW3
JW3, also known as Jewish Community Centre London, is an arts, culture and entertainment venue, an educational facility and a social and community hub in north London. It is located at 341–351 Finchley Road, London, and opened on 29 September 2013. Describing itself as "a new postcode for Jewish life", the venue's name is a wordplay on its postal address, situated in the NW3 postcode area.

JW3 was the brainchild of Vivien Duffield, who contributed £40m of the project's £50m cost – over the 10 years it took to bring it to reality – through the Clore Duffield Foundation. It was inspired by her 2003 visit to the Jewish Community Centre in Manhattan, New York.
AeroAndina MXP-150 Kimbaya
The AeroAndina MXP-150 Kimbaya is a Colombian light-sport aircraft that was designed and produced by AeroAndina of Cali. It also formed the basis for the AMD Patriot aircraft, a version of the MXP-150 with a Continental O-200 driving a dual-bladed propeller.

The MXP-150 is no longer in production.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Bluest Flame
"Bluest Flame" is a song by American singer Selena Gomez and American record producer Benny Blanco. It appears on Gomez and Blanco's 2025 collaborative studio album, I Said I Love You First. The song was written by Gomez, Benny Blanco, Charli XCX, Cashmere Cat, and Dylan Brady, and produced by Benny Blanco, Cashmere Cat, Dylan Brady and Bart Schoudel. An official remix of “Bluest Flame” by DJ Sliink appears on the album's deluxe edition. “Bluest Flame” received a nomination for Best Dance Pop Recording at the 68th Annual Grammy Awards, becoming Selena's third nomination and Benny’s twelfth nomination.

Dylan Brady
Dylan Marshall Brady (born 1993 or 1994) is an American music producer, singer, and songwriter, best known for being one half of experimental electronic music duo 100 gecs, alongside Laura Les. He also owns and operates the record label Dog Show Records.
Inka (La Paz)
Inka (Aymara and Quechua for Inca, Hispanicized spelling Inca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Sud Yungas Province, Yanacachi Municipality. Inka lies north-east of the mountain Mururata and south-east of the mountain Wanakuni.

Cordillera Real (Bolivia)
The Cordillera Real is a mountain range in the South American Altiplano of Bolivia, forming part of the Andes. This range of fold mountains, largely composed of granite, is located southeast of Lake Titicaca, and east of the Bolivian capital of La Paz. The range stretches 125 km in length and 20 km in width. Even though it is only 17° south of the Equator, the Cordillera Real is relatively densely glaciated. This is due to its proximity to the Amazon lowlands with its associated moist air masses.
Trefl Gdańsk
Trefl Gdańsk, officially known for sponsorship reasons as Energa Trefl Gdańsk, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Gdańsk in northern Poland. The club was founded in 2005 and promoted to PlusLiga, the top flight of Polish volleyball in 2011.

2014–15 PlusLiga
The 2014–15 PlusLiga was the 79th season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 15th season as a professional league organized by the Professional Volleyball League SA (Polish: Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej SA) under the supervision of the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej).

The number of teams competing in this season was increased from 12 to 14.

Asseco Resovia won their 7th title of the Polish Champions.
Independence of Smith-dominated alternatives
Independence of Smith-dominated alternatives (ISDA, also known as Smith-IIA) is a voting system criterion which says that the winner of an election should not be affected by candidates who are not in the Smith set.

Another way of defining ISDA is to say that adding a new candidate should not change the winner of an election, unless that new candidate would beat the original winner, either directly or indirectly.

Comparison of electoral systems
This article discusses the methods and results of comparing different electoral systems. There are two broad methods to compare voting systems:

Metrics of voter satisfaction, either through simulation or survey.

Adherence to logical criteria.
Zherav Island
Zherav Island (Bulgarian: остров Жерав, romanized: ostrov Zherav, IPA: [ˈɔstrof ˈʒɛrɐf]) is a mostly ice-covered island in the Wauwermans Islands group of Wilhelm Archipelago in the Antarctic Peninsula region. It is 1.71 km long (measured west-southwest to east-northeast) and 377 m wide; its surface area is 29.55 ha.

Zherav Island is so named because of its shape supposedly resembling a common crane in flight ('zherav' is the Bulgarian for that bird) and in association with other descriptive names of islands in the area.

Wauwermans Islands
Wauwermans Islands is a group of small, low, snow-covered islands forming the northernmost group in the Wilhelm Archipelago. Discovered by a German expedition 1873–74, under Dallmann. Sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named for Lieutenant General Wauwermans, president of the Société Royale Belge de Géographie, a supporter of the expedition.
Avestan studies
Avestan studies is the investigation of the Avesta, i.e., the collection of Zoroastrian texts, and the Avestan languange, in which those texts are composed. It is an interdisciplinary field combining Indo-European linguistics,  comparative philology, Zoroastrian studies and Iranian history.

Friedrich von Spiegel
Friedrich (von) Spiegel (11 July 1820 in Kitzingen – 15 December 1905 in München) was a German orientalist. He was one of the pioneers in the field of Iranian philology, and as such a major influence on the works of German 19th century philologist and philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.
Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England
In the seventh century the pagan Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity (Old English: Crīstendōm) mainly by missionaries sent from Rome. Irish missionaries from Iona, who were proponents of Celtic Christianity, were influential in the conversion of 
Northumbria, but after the Synod of Whitby in 664, the Anglo-Saxon church gave its allegiance to the Pope.

Bertha of Kent
Bertha or Aldeberge (c. 565– d. in or after 601) was a Frankish princess who became queen of Kent. She enabled the 597 Gregorian mission, led by Augustine, which resulted in the conversion to Christianity of Anglo-Saxon England.
Sajevec
Sajevec (pronounced [ˈsaːjɛʋəts]; German: Sajowitz) is a village west of the town of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Ribnica, Ribnica
Ribnica (pronounced [ˈɾíːbnitsa] ⓘ; German: Reifnitz) is a town in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Čolnišče
Čolnišče (pronounced [tʃɔu̯ˈniːʃtʃɛ]) is a settlement west of Zagorje ob Savi in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Zagorje ob Savi
Zagorje ob Savi (pronounced [zaˈɡóːɾjɛ ɔp ˈsàːʋi] ⓘ; German: Sagor, Seger an der Sau) is a town in the Central Sava Valley in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi. It is located in the valley of Medija Creek, a minor left tributary of the Sava River, 52 km (32 mi) east of the capital city Ljubljana, 36 km (22 mi) southwest of Celje, and 6 km (4 mi) west of Trbovlje. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region. The town is home to about 7,000 people. It includes the hamlets of Toplice (German: Töplitz) and Podvine.
KYFQ
KYFQ (91.7 MHz) is a non-commercial FM radio station licensed to Tacoma, Washington, and serving the Seattle-Tacoma radio market. The station is owned by Bible Broadcasting Network, Inc.  It airs a Christian talk and teaching radio format.

National religious leaders heard on KYFQ include Chuck Swindoll, Adrian Rogers and Joni Eareckson Tada.  Some news and programming is provided by the Salem Radio Network (SRN).

Dark (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, a dark television station or silent radio station is one that has gone off the air for an indefinite period of time. Usually unlike dead air (broadcasting only silence), a station that is dark or silent does not even transmit a carrier signal.
Ghosts (comics)
Ghosts is a horror comics anthology series published by DC Comics for 112 issues from September–October 1971 to May 1982. Its tagline was "True Tales of the Weird and Supernatural" (December 1978), changed to "New Tales of the Weird and Supernatural", as of #75 (April 1979), and dropped after #104 (September 1981).

Comics anthology
A comics anthology collects works in the medium of comics, typically from multiple series, and compiles them into an anthology or magazine. The comics in these anthologies range from comic strips that are too short for standalone publication to comic book chapters that might later be compiled into collected comic book volumes (such as manga tankobon and comic albums).
Wufu
Wufu (Chinese: 五福), meaning the five blessings, is a concept that signify a grouping of certain good fortunes and luck in Chinese culture.

The number five is regarded as an auspicious number in Chinese traditions and closely associated with the Five Elements (Wu Xing, Chinese: 五行), which are essential for a good life as well as the basic organisational principle in Chinese thought. As a result, the number five appears ubiquitously as in the Five Blessings.

Chinese culture
Chinese culture (simplified Chinese: 中华文化; traditional Chinese: 中華文化; pinyin: Zhōnghuá wénhuà) is one of the world's earliest cultures, said to originate five thousand years ago. The culture prevails across a large geographical region in East Asia called the Sinosphere as a whole and is extremely diverse, with customs and traditions varying greatly between regions. The terms 'China' and the geographical landmass of 'China' have shifted across the centuries, before the name 'China' became commonplace. Chinese civilization is historically considered a dominant culture of East Asia. Chinese culture exerted profound influence on the philosophy, customs, politics, and traditions of Asia. Chinese characters, ceramics, architecture, music, dance, literature, martial arts, cuisine, arts, philosophy, etiquette, religion, politics, and history have had global influence, while its traditions and festivals are celebrated, instilled, and practiced by people around the world.
Nektognathus
Nektognathus evasmithae (IPA: [ˈnɛːktoˌɡnatʰos ˈivɑˌsmɪθeɪ]) is an extinct species of nectocaridid that lived about 520 million years ago, in the Cambrian. Its fossils are known from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte in Peary Land, Greenland, and it was first described in 2025. Nektognathus shares features with both the formerly enigmatic Nectocaris and with the stem-chaetognath Timorebestia, suggesting they are closely related.

Timorebestia
Timorebestia koprii is an extinct species of stem-group chaetognath (arrow worm relative) that lived about 520 million years ago, in the Cambrian. Its fossils are known from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte in Greenland, and it was first described in 2024.
Bocadillo
The bocadillo (lit. 'small bite') or bocata (in Cheli), in Spain, is a sandwich made with Spanish bread, usually a baguette or similar type of bread, cut lengthwise. Traditionally seen as a humble food, its low cost has allowed it to evolve over time into a representative piece of cuisine. In Spain, they are often eaten in cafes and tapas bars.

Some bocadillos are seasoned with sauces like mayonnaise, aioli, ketchup, mustard or tomato sauce. They are usually served with cold beer or red wine, drinks, coffee and a portion of tapas. Different types of bocadillos are available in different parts of Spain, such as the serranito, almussafes and esgarrat.

Spanish cuisine
Spanish cuisine (Spanish: cocina española) consists of the traditions and practices of Spanish cooking. It features considerable regional diversity, with significant differences among the traditions of each of Spain's regional cuisines.

Olive oil (of which Spain is the world's largest producer) is extensively used in Spanish cuisine. It forms the base of many vegetable sauces (known in Spanish as sofritos). Herbs most commonly used include parsley, oregano, rosemary and thyme. The use of garlic has been noted as common in Spanish cooking. The most-used meats in Spanish cuisine include chicken, pork, lamb and veal. Fish and seafood are also consumed on a regular basis. Tapas and pinchos are snacks and appetizers commonly served in bars and cafes.
Wirich VI, Count of Daun-Falkenstein
Wirich VI, Count of Daun-Falkenstein (c. 1542 – 11 October 1598) was a German nobleman, diplomat, statesman, and politician.  By descent, he was a Count of Falkenstein, and by inheritance, he was Lord of Broich and Lord of Bürgel.  He belonged to the lower nobility in the Duchy of Berg and was a member of the Estates of Berg.  He supported the Reformation in the Lower Rhine area.

Salentin IX of Isenburg-Grenzau
Salentin IX of Isenburg-Grenzau (German: Salentin IX. von Isenburg-Grenzau) (c. 1532–1610) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne as "Salentin of Isenburg" from 1567 until 1577, the Bishop of Paderborn from 1574 until 1577, and the Count of Isenburg-Grenzau from 1577 to 1610.
Chile de árbol
The chile de árbol (lit. 'chili from tree') is a small and potent Mexican chili pepper also known as bird's beak chile and rat's tail chile. These chilis are about 5 to 7.5 cm (2.0 to 3.0 in) long, and 0.65 to 1 cm (0.26 to 0.39 in) in diameter. Their heat index is between 15,000 and 30,000 Scoville units. The peppers start out green and turn a bright red color as they mature. Chile de árbol peppers can be found fresh, dried, or powdered. As dried chiles, they are often used to decorate wreaths because they do not lose their red color after dehydration.

Scoville scale
The Scoville scale is a measurement of spiciness of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin is the predominant component.

The scale is named after its creator, American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, whose 1912 method is known as the Scoville organoleptic test. The Scoville organoleptic test is a subjective assessment derived from the capsaicinoid sensitivity by people experienced with eating hot chilis.

An alternative method, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), can be used to analytically quantify the capsaicinoid content as an indicator of pungency.