hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ainsworth's salamander
Ainsworth's salamander (Plethodon ainsworthi) is an extinct species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It was endemic to the United States and only known from its type series collected in Jasper County, Mississippi in 1964. Later research has cast doubt to its validity; it might be a junior synonym of Plethodon mississippi.

Mississippi slimy salamander
The Mississippi slimy salamander (Plethodon mississippi) is a species of terrestrial plethodontid salamander found throughout most of the U.S. state of Mississippi, western Alabama, western Tennessee, far western Kentucky, and eastern Louisiana. The Mississippi slimy salamander is part of the larger slimy salamander (P. glutinosus) complex.
Ethnic groups in Europe
Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe. Groups may be defined by common ancestry, language, faith, historical continuity, etc. There are no universally accepted and precise definitions of the terms "ethnic group" and "nationality", but in the context of European ethnography in particular, the terms ethnic group, people, nationality and ethno-linguistic group are used as mostly synonymous. Preference may vary in usage with respect to the situation specific to the individual countries of Europe, and the context in which they may be classified by those terms.

The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people, or 14% of 770 million Europeans in 2002. The Russians are the most populous among Europeans, with a population of roughly 120 million.

Italic peoples
The concept of Italic peoples is widely used in linguistics and historiography of ancient Italy. In a strict sense, commonly used in linguistics, it refers to the Osco-Umbrians and Latino-Faliscans, speakers of the Italic languages, a subgroup of the Indo-European language family.  In a broader sense, commonly used in historiography, all the ancient peoples of Italy are referred to as Italic peoples, including the non-Indo-European ones, as Rhaetians, Ligures and Etruscans. As the Latins achieved a dominant position among these tribes, by virtue of the expansion of the Roman civilization, the other Italic tribes adopted Latin language and culture as part of the process of Romanization.
Glembatumumab vedotin
Glembatumumab vedotin (also known as CDX-011 and CR011-vcMMAE) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets cancer cells expressing transmembrane glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB).

In May 2010, the U.S FDA granted Fast Track designation to CDX-011 for the treatment of advanced, refractory, or resistant GPNMB-expressing breast cancer.

Antibody–drug conjugate
Antibody–drug conjugates or ADCs are a class of bioconjugates and immunoconjugates. ADCs are composed of an antibody linked to a cytotoxic (anticancer) "payload" or drug.

Among treatment options for cancer, chemotherapy is most widely used. Its main limitation is low target specificity. Unlike chemotherapy, ADCs target tumor cells while sparing healthy cells. As of 2019, some 56 pharmaceutical companies were developing ADCs.

ADCs combine the targeting properties of monoclonal antibodies with the cancer-killing capabilities of cytotoxic drugs, designed to discriminate between healthy and diseased tissue.
Mansa, Zambia
Mansa is the capital of the Luapula Province of Zambia, and headquarters of Mansa District. It takes its name from the local Chief Mansa and the small Mansa River which flows west to the Luapula River. During British rule the city was named Fort Rosebery.

Copperbelt Province
Copperbelt Province is a province in Zambia which covers the mineral-rich Copperbelt, and farming and bush areas to the south. It was the backbone of the Northern Rhodesian economy during British colonial rule and fuelled the hopes of the immediate post-independence period, but its economic importance was severely damaged by a crash in global copper prices in 1973. The province adjoins the Haut-Katanga province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is similarly mineral-rich.

The main cities and towns of the Copperbelt are Kitwe, Ndola, Mufulira, Luanshya, Chingola, Kalulushi and Chililabombwe. Roads and rail links extend north into the Congo to Lubumbashi, but the Second Congo War brought economic contact between the two countries to a standstill, now recovering.

It is informally referred to at times as 'Copala' or 'Kopala', invoking the vernacular-like term of the mineral copper that is mined in the province.
Metron of Pydna
Metron (Greek: Μέτρων) was the son of Epicharmus from Pydna. He was a hetairos and trierarch of the Hydaspes fleet of Nearchus. He may be identical with Metron, one of the royal pages (paides basilikoi).

Companion cavalry
The Companions (Greek: ἑταῖροι, Greek: [heˈtairoi̯], hetairoi) were the elite heavy cavalry of the Macedonian army from the time of King Philip II of Macedon, achieving their greatest prestige under Alexander the Great, and regarded as the first or among the first shock cavalry used in Europe. Chosen Companions, or Hetairoi, formed the elite guard of the king (Somatophylakes).
Mitsuoka Le-Seyde
The Mitsuoka Le-Seyde is a limited production Grand Tourer manufactured in the early 1990s, based on the Nissan Silvia S13. Only 500 units were made, and Mitsuoka claims that all were sold within four days after they went on sale.

The Le-Seyde is considered a "neoclassic" car, featuring a retro design inspired by cars of the 1920s and 1930s. The Le Seyde features a similar design to other neoclassic cars of the 1990s made by companies such as Zimmer and Excalibur.

The Le-Seyde was designed at Nissan's Kyushu plant, where the design for the centre portion and interior was based on the Silvia S13. The engine used is the same naturally aspirated 1.8 L (1,809 cc) CA18DE engine used in the Silvia S13 up until mid-1990.

Excalibur (automobile)
The Excalibur automobile is a car styled after the 1928 Mercedes-Benz SSK by Brooks Stevens for Studebaker. Stevens subsequently formed a company to manufacture and market the cars, which were a standard Studebaker chassis with special bodywork (and soon got an upgraded engine as well). The Excalibur has a Neoclassic design, a term used to designate automobiles produced in the 1960s–1990s in the elegant and prestigious style cars of the 1920s and 1930s. Zimmer and Tiffany are two additional examples of Neoclassic design.
Loré Administrative Post
Loré, officially Loré Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Loré, Tetum: Postu administrativu Loré), is an administrative post in Lautém municipality, East Timor. It was separated from Lospalos Administrative Post with effect from 1 January 2022.

Lautém Municipality
Lautém (Portuguese: Município Lautém, Tetum: Munisípiu Lautein) is one of the municipalities (formerly districts) of Timor-Leste, at the eastern end of the country. It has a population of 64,135 (census 2010) and an area of 1,813 km2. Its capital is Lospalos, which lies 248 km east of the national capital, Dili.
Saffrullah Dipatuan
Saffrullah Dipatuan is a Filipino politician, doctor, and civic leader who was a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament and chair of the parliament's Committee on Health. He formerly also headed the Bangsamoro Ministry of Health.

COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro
The COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus reached the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao on March 11, 2020, when the first case of the disease was confirmed in Lanao del Sur. Cases has been confirmed in Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, and the independent city of Cotabato.
Louis Guisto Field
Louis Guisto Field is a baseball venue in Moraga, California, USA.  It is home to the Saint Mary's Gaels baseball team of the NCAA Division I West Coast Conference.  Opened in 2012, the venue replaced the old Louis Guisto Field (the location of which was behind the third base line of the new facility) as the home of Saint Mary's baseball.  Like the old facility, it is named for former Saint Mary's baseball player and coach Louis Guisto.  The field opened on February 17, 2012, when Saint Mary's defeated Southern Utah 2–1 in front of 1,100 fans.  Former Major League pitcher Tom Candiotti (Saint Mary's Class of 1979) threw out the honorary first pitch.

Following the 2012 season, construction on the facility will enter its second phase.  During this period, a grandstand with a capacity of 1,500 spectators will be added.  The old facility will be razed, and a building housing a swimming pool, team offices, and training rooms will be built in its place.

Saint Mary's Gaels baseball
The Saint Mary's Gaels baseball team represents Saint Mary's College of California, which is located in Moraga, California. The Gaels are an NCAA Division I college baseball program that competes in the West Coast Conference.
Scotland 2016
Scotland 2016 is a news and current affairs programme from BBC Scotland News, presented by Sarah Smith and Jonathan Sutherland. 
Starting 28 May 2014, it was called Scotland 2014 before being renamed to reflect the year. It replaced Newsnight Scotland as BBC Scotland's flagship political programme.  The half-hour programme aired from 10.30pm Monday to Thursday, opposite STV's Scotland Tonight, with Newsnight being broadcast in Scotland at 11pm.

Scotland Tonight
Scotland Tonight is a Scottish news and current affairs programme, covering the two STV franchise areas of Northern and Central Scotland, produced by STV News. The programme is presented by STV News at Six Central anchor John MacKay on Mondays & Tuesdays and former Sky News Scotland correspondent Rona Dougall on Wednesdays & Thursday.
Irlam (ship)
At least four ships have borne the name Irlam.

Irlam (1800 ship) was launched at Liverpool and wrecked in 1812.

Irlam (1813 ship) was launched at Liverpool and wrecked in 1824.

Irlam (1825 ship) was launched at Liverpool and wrecked in 1831.

Irlam was launched at Liverpool after the loss  of the vessel wrecked in 1831.

The same company, Barton & Co. (actually Barton, Irlam and Higginson), owned each of the first three vessels, and each was a West Indiaman, sailing between Liverpool and the West Indies, primarily Barbados. There is too little information on the fourth to be able to confirm or refute the possibility that Barton & Co. also owned it. She did trade between Liverpool and Barbados.

Irlam (1903) was a steel steam paddle tug launched at South Shields. She was broken up in 1953.

Irlam (1813 ship)
Irlam was a West Indiaman launched in Liverpool in 1813 for Barton & Co., which had lost an earlier Irlam in 1812. The later Irlam was of the same burthen as her predecessor, and was employed in the same trade, Liverpool to Barbados. She was wrecked in January 1824.
Qi County, Shanxi
Qi County, also known by its Chinese name Qixian, is a county in the central part of Shanxi Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Jinzhong and has a population of approximately 265,310.

The county is on the route of the Datong-Puzhou Railway, the primary axial railway of Shanxi Province, which links it to Datong (approximately 7.5 hours) and the provincial capital Taiyuan (approximately 1.5 hours away).

The county seat, also named Qixian, is designated as a National Historic and Cultural City. The county is home to the Qiao and Qu Family Compounds and is nearby the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Pingyao.

Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China. It is located in the Datong Basin at an elevation of 1,040 metres (3,410 ft) and borders Inner Mongolia to the north and west and Hebei to the east. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,105,591 of whom 1,790,452 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 out 4 urban districts of Pingcheng and Yungang as Yunzhou and Xinrong are not conurbated yet.
Married at First Sight (Australian TV series) season 10
The tenth season of Married at First Sight premiered on 30 January 2023 on the Nine Network. Relationship experts John Aiken and Mel Schilling, alongside sexologist Alessandra Rampolla all return to match ten brides and ten grooms. Halfway through the experiment, the experts matched another two brides and two grooms together.

John Aiken (television personality)
John Maxwell Aiken (born 3 July 1970) is an Australian television personality, psychologist and former cricketer, who played for Auckland and Wellington in New Zealand. Since 2015, he has appeared as one of the "experts" on every season of the reality television series Married at First Sight Australia.
Petroecuador
EP Petroecuador (Empresa Estatal Petróleos del Ecuador; Empresa Pública Petroecuador; meaning: State Petroleum Company of Ecuador) is the national oil company of Ecuador. Ecuador is a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and, although it is the smallest member, the country produced 531,000 barrels of crude oil per day in 2019. The oil corporation is a significant part of the Ecuadorian economy. The petroleum industry has expanded to the production of refined commodities such as gasoline, liquefied petroleum, and jet fuel. The government of Ecuador is highly dependent on the revenues from the energy sector to support its budget and finance state projects.

National oil company
A national oil company (NOC) is a petroleum company that is fully or partly owned by the government of a sovereign nation.: 3  NOCs produce about half the world’s oil and gas.

Due to their increasing dominance over global reserves, the importance of NOCs has risen dramatically in recent decades relative to International Oil Companies (IOCs), such as BP, ExxonMobil or Shell plc. NOCs are also increasingly investing outside their national borders.
Outline of firefighting
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to firefighting:

Firefighting – act of extinguishing fires. A firefighter fights these fires to prevent destruction of life, property and the environment. Firefighting is a highly technical skill that requires professionals who have spent years training in both general firefighting techniques and specialized areas of expertise.

Fire department
A fire department (North American English) or fire brigade (Commonwealth English), also known as a fire company, fire authority, fire district, fire and rescue, fire force, or fire service in some areas, is an organization that provides fire prevention and fire suppression services as well as other rescue services.

Fire departments are most commonly a public sector organization that operate within a municipality, county, state, nation, or special district. Private and specialist firefighting organizations also exist, such as those for aircraft rescue and firefighting.

A fire department contains one or more fire stations within its boundaries, and may be staffed by firefighters, who may be professional, volunteers, conscripts, or on-call. Combination fire departments employ a mix of professional and volunteer firefighters. In some countries, fire departments may also run an ambulance service, staffed by volunteer or professional EMS personnel.
Erika Mann
Erika Julia Hedwig Mann (9 November 1905 – 27 August 1969) was a German actress and writer, daughter of the novelist Thomas Mann.

Erika lived a bohemian lifestyle in Berlin and became a critic of National Socialism. After Hitler came to power in 1933, she moved to Switzerland, and married the poet W. H. Auden, purely to obtain a British passport and so avoid becoming stateless when the Germans cancelled her citizenship. She continued to attack Nazism, most notably with her 1938 book School for Barbarians, a critique of the Nazi education system.

During World War II, Mann worked for the BBC and became a war correspondent attached to the Allied forces after D-Day. She attended the Nuremberg trials before moving to America to support her exiled parents. Her criticisms of American foreign policy led to her being considered for deportation. After her parents moved to Switzerland in 1952, she also settled there. She wrote a biography of her father and died in Zürich in 1969.

Bogenhausen
Bogenhausen (German pronunciation: [ˈboːɡn̩haʊzn̩] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Bognhausn) is the 13th borough of Munich, Germany. It is the geographically the third largest borough of Munich and comprises the city's north-eastern quarter, reaching from the Isar on the eastern side of the Englischer Garten to the city limits, bordering on Unterföhring to the north, Aschheim to the east and the Haidhausen borough to the south. In 1805 the Treaty of Bogenhausen was signed which allied Bavaria to Napoleonic France.
Communications blackout
In telecommunications, communications blackouts are

a cessation of communications or communications capability, caused by a lack of power to a communications facility or to communications equipment.

a total lack of radio communications capability, caused by ionospheric anomalies, e.g., during strong auroral activity or during re-entry of a spacecraft into the Earth's atmosphere.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Hiroaki Suzuki
Hiroaki Suzuki (Japanese: 鈴木 博昭; born December 6, 1984) is a Japanese shoot boxer and mixed martial artist currently signed to Rizin Fighting Federation. He has also competed for ONE Championship. In shoot boxing, Suzuki is a former SHOOT BOXING World Champion, S-cup World Tournament Champion, and two-time SHOOT BOXING Japan Champion. As of April 2015 he was ranked No. 6 Featherweight kickboxer in the world by Liverkick.

2021 in Rizin Fighting Federation
The year 2021 was the seventh year in the history of the Rizin Fighting Federation, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. Rizin events are broadcast through a television agreement with Fuji Television. In North America and Europe, Rizin events are available via PPV on LIVENow.
Tōmiyama Kofun
The Tōmiyama Kofun (遠見山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in what is now the Sōja neighborhood of the city of Maebashi, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan.  It is one of the components of the Sōja Kofun Cluster, which has been designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2024.  Its name comes from its use as a lookout tower for Sōja Castle during the late Sengoku period.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Hawkers in Hong Kong
Hawkers in Hong Kong (Chinese: 小販) are vendors of street food and inexpensive goods. They are found in urban areas and new towns alike, although certain districts such as Mong Kok, Sham Shui Po, and Kwun Tong are known for high concentrations of hawkers.

For many decades, hawking has served as a means for the lower class to make a living in Hong Kong, and allowed patrons to benefit from the convenience and low cost of hawker goods. However, the government has long considered the practice to be detrimental to public hygiene, and it has therefore been controlled by the Urban Council and its successor, the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department.

Night markets in Hong Kong
Night markets (Chinese: 夜市; Jyutping: je6 si5) in Hong Kong are bazaars usually located in older areas like Sham Shui Po, Mong Kok or Sheung Wan. Besides selling toys, clothes and food, some Hong Kong night markets also provide divination to visitors, such as the Temple Street Night Market, which is popular with foreign visitors.
Cyperus pubens
Cyperus pubens is a species of sedge that is native to Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe in southern tropical Africa.

The species was first formally described by the botanist Georg Kükenthal in 1931.

Cyperus
Cyperus is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions.

The word comes from the ancient Greek κύπερος (kúperos), which meant one or several species of this genus. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges, galingales, and zozoro (from Malagasy).
2025–26 Czech National Football League
The 2025–26 Czech National Football League (known as the Chance Národní Liga for sponsorship reasons) is the 33rd season of the Czech Republic's second tier football league. The season started on 19 July 2025.

SK Hanácká Slavia Kroměříž
SK Hanácká Slavia Kroměříž (also abbreviated as SK HS Kroměříž) is a football club located in Kroměříž, Czech Republic. From 2025, it plays in the Czech National Football League.

In the 2004–05, 2005–06 and 2023–24 seasons, the club played in the Czech National Football League. After 16 seasons in the Moravian–Silesian Football League (third tier), it was promoted to the second tier in 2022–23. The club was relegated after one season, but in the following 2024–25 season, it was promoted back to the Czech National Football League.
Biebern
Biebern (German pronunciation: [ˈbiːbɐn]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.

Simmern im Hunsrück
Simmern (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪmɐn] ⓘ; officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 8,155 inhabitants (Dec. 2023) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen. In the Rhineland-Palatinate state development plan, it is set out as a middle centre.
Spaghetti alla carrettiera
Spaghetti alla carrettiera is a pasta dish originating in the Platani Valley, nowadays more common in eastern Sicily. It is generally made with spaghetti, garlic, chili pepper, pecorino siciliano or breadcrumbs, parsley and olive oil for dressing, and commonly tomato is added. Sometimes additional ingredients such as anchovies, capers, almonds or pine nuts and white wine are also included. The oral tradition is that spaghetti alla carrettiera originated with carters who brought the dish prepared in advance, on their wagons for lunch.

Pecorino siciliano
Pecorino siciliano (Sicilian: picurinu sicilianu; lit. 'Sicilian pecorino') is a firm sheep milk cheese from Sicily. This cheese comes from the classical Greek world: in ancient times it was recognized as one of the best cheeses in the world.

It is produced throughout the island, but especially in the provinces of Agrigento, Caltanissetta, Enna, Trapani, and Palermo. It is a pecorino-style cheese, like its close relation pecorino romano, but not as well known outside Italy as the latter. A semi-hard white cheese, it has a cylindrical shape and a weight of about 12 kg (26 lb).

The cheese was awarded with the denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) status in 1955 and the European Union protected designation of origin (PDO) status in 1996.