hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mian Muhammad Azhar
Mian Muhammad Azhar (Urdu: میاں محمد اظہر) (1942 – 22 July 2025) was a Pakistani politician and a businessman representing Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. He was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, serving since February 2024. He was from an Arain family of Lahore, He was governor of Punjab (1990–1993) and the founder of PML-Q, of which he was also president. He was one of the largest steel manufacturers of Pakistan and was the CEO of Afco Steel Industries. He was also the mayor of Lahore between 1987 and 1991. Azhar was the father of former Federal Minister Hammad Azhar.

Governor of Punjab, Pakistan
The governor of Punjab (Punjabi/Urdu: گورنر پنجاب, romanized: Gavarnar Panjāb) is the head of province of the Pakistani province of Punjab. Appointed by the federal government through the president of Pakistan, the governor serves a nominal and ceremonial role as head of province and executive, with real executive authority exercised by the elected chief minister and their appointed cabinet; and administrative authority by the chief secretary, the senior-most bureaucrat in the province, who reports to the chief minister.

However, throughout the history of Pakistan, the powers of the provincial governors were vastly increased, when the provincial assemblies were dissolved and the administrative role came under direct control of the governors, as in the cases of martial laws of 1958–1972 and 1977–1985, and governor rules of 1999–2002. In the case of Punjab, there was direct governor rule in 1949–1951, when the provincial chief minister of that time was removed and assemblies dissolved.
Elizabeth Claypole
Elizabeth Claypole (née Cromwell; 2 July 1629 – 6 August 1658) was the second daughter of Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his wife, Elizabeth Cromwell, and reportedly interceded with her father for royalist prisoners. After Cromwell created a peerage for her husband, John Claypole, she was known as Lady Claypole. She was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Charles Firth (historian)
Sir Charles Harding Firth FBA (16 March 1857 – 19 February 1936) was a British historian. He was one of the founders of the Historical Association in 1906. Esmond de Beer wrote that Firth "knew the men and women of the seventeenth century much as a  man knows his friends and acquaintances, not only as characters but also in the whole moral and intellectual world in which they lived."
Richa Gangopadhyay
Richa Langella (née Antara Gangopadhyay; born 20 March 1986) is an Indian former actress and model who predominantly appeared in Telugu films. She presently resides at Portland, Oregon.

She was cast along with the prominent actors like Venkatesh Daggubati, Nagarjuna, Ravi Teja, Prabhas, Rana Daggubati, Dhanush, and Silambarasan.

Her notable films include Leader (2010) and later worked on several commercially successful Telugu films such as Nagavalli (2010), Mirapakaay (2011), Sarocharu (2012), and Mirchi (2013).

Edison Awards (India)
The Edison Awards is an annual awards ceremony since 2009 for people in the Tamil film industry. It is named after the inventor of motion pictures, Sir Thomas Alva Edison. It reaches seven countries with Tamil language television, with the main broadcaster Astro in Malaysia.

The event is mainly organised by its founder J. Selva Kumar and hosted by MyTamilMovie.com. The main sponsors in recent years have been Jet Airways and Videocon.

The show is augmented by talent search analysis, live concerts by professional Tamil playback singers and young emergers and dancers. The awards are given based on People's Choice conceptual, implemented with online voting, SMS voting, and Dial-a-Vote.
Carex alba
Carex alba, called the small white sedge, white-flowered sedge or just white sedge (a name it shares with other members of its genus), is a species of sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is typically found in temperate forests of Eurasia, from the Pyrenees to the Russian Far East. It is the main host plant for the woodland brown butterfly, Lopinga achine.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
John Belcher (Methodist preacher)
John Belcher (fl. 1721–1763) was a Welsh Methodist preacher. His father, Edmund Belcher, of Eglwys Ilan, was a local smith, and John himself initially joined him in the trade. By 1743 however he was working with the Watford Association. In 1744 he became an assistant of Howel Harris. He then was directed to tour North Wales. He enlisted in the army in 1758. His date of death is uncertain, but believed to be sometime after 1763.

Howell Harris
Howell Harris (Welsh: Howel Harris; 23 January 1714 – 21 July 1773) was a Calvinistic Methodist evangelist. He was one of the main leaders of the Welsh Methodist revival in the 18th century, along with Daniel Rowland and William Williams Pantycelyn.
Liknes
Liknes is the administrative centre of Kvinesdal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Kvina, about 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) north of the mouth where it empties into the Fedafjorden. The village of Storekvina lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the north of Liknes. The 1.97-square-kilometre (490-acre) village has a population (2015) of 2,462 which gives the village a population density of 1,250 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,200/sq mi).

The village is the largest urban area in the municipality. There are stores, a school, and Kvinesdal Church. Just east of the village is the Saron Valley where the missionary center, Troens Bevis Verdens Evangelisering is located. From 1900 until 1917, the municipality of Kvinesdal was named Liknes, after the village.

Fedafjorden
Fedafjorden is a fjord  in Agder county, Norway.  The 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) is located in the municipalities of Kvinesdal, Flekkefjord, and Farsund.  The long, narrow fjord runs south from the mouth of the river Kvina to the Listafjorden.

The fjord is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long and only about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) wide.  The village of Feda is located at the northwestern side of the fjord, just west of the Fedafjord Bridge on the European route E39 highway.  Near the mouth of the fjord, at the south end, lies the island of Andabeløya.  The majority of the fjord lies in Kvinesdal municipality, but the mouth of the fjord is split between the municipalities of Flekkefjord and Farsund.

The old municipality of Feda, which existed from 1900 until 1963, encompassed the 66-square-kilometre (25 sq mi) area surrounding both sides of the Fedafjorden.
2017 TCU Horned Frogs football team
The 2017 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The 122nd TCU football team played as a member of the Big 12 Conference and played their home games at Amon G. Carter Stadium, on the TCU campus in Fort Worth, Texas. They were led by 17th-year head coach Gary Patterson. They finished the season 11–3, 7–2 in Big 12 play to finish in second place. They lost to Oklahoma in the Big 12 Championship Game. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they defeated Stanford.

Gary Patterson
Gary Allen Patterson (born February 13, 1960) is an American college football coach and former player. He is currently the defensive coordinator at USC. He served as head football coach at Texas Christian University (TCU) from 2000 to 2021, compiling a record of 181–79. Patterson led the TCU Horned Frogs to six conference championships and 11 bowl game victories, including victories in the 2011 Rose Bowl and 2014 Peach Bowl. His 2010 squad finished the season undefeated at 13–0 after a 21–19 Rose Bowl victory over the Wisconsin Badgers on New Year's Day 2011, and ranked second in the final tallying of both major polls.
Naval Medical Center San Diego
Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD) is a United States Navy hospital in San Diego, California. It is also known as Bob Wilson Naval Hospital and informally referred to as "Balboa Hospital", and "The Pink Palace", due to the stucco of the first buildings that were constructed being pinkish in color.

Bob Wilson (politician)
Robert Carlton Wilson (April 5, 1916 – August 12, 1999) was an American politician, who served 14 terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from California from 1953 to 1981. He was a member of the Republican Party.
1973 NCAA University Division basketball championship game
The 1973 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game was the final of the 1973 NCAA University Division basketball tournament and determined the national champion for the 1972–73 season. The game was held at the St. Louis Arena in St. Louis, Missouri, on March 26, 1973.

The UCLA Bruins of the Pacific-8 Conference, who were seeking their seventh consecutive championship, were matched against the Memphis State Tigers (now known as the Memphis Tigers), who were playing in the national title game for the first time. The Bruins won 87–66 behind a 44-point effort by Bill Walton, who scored on 21 of his 22 field goal attempts.

Memphis Tigers men's basketball
The Memphis Tigers men's basketball team represents the University of Memphis in NCAA Division I men's college basketball. The Tigers have competed in the American Conference since 2013. As of 2020, the Tigers had the 26th highest winning percentage in NCAA history. While the Tigers have an on-campus arena, Elma Roane Fieldhouse (which is still the primary home for Tigers women's basketball), the team has played home games off campus since the mid-1960s. The Tigers moved to the Mid-South Coliseum at the Memphis Fairgrounds in 1966, and then to downtown Memphis at The Pyramid, initially built for the team in 1991 and later home to the NBA's Memphis Grizzlies. In 2004, both teams moved to a new downtown venue, FedExForum. ESPN Stats and Information Department ranked Memphis as the 19th most successful basketball program from 1962 to 2012 in their annual 50 in 50 list.
Ferkessédougou
Ferkessédougou (often shortened to Ferké) is a city in northern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Ferkessédougou Department. It is also the seat of Tchologo Region in Savanes District and a commune. Ferkessédougou is the second-most populous city in northern Ivory Coast, after Korhogo.

Senufo people
The Senufo people, also known as Siena, Senefo, Sene, Senoufo, and Syénambélé, are a West African ethnolinguistic group. They consist of diverse subgroups living in a region spanning the northern Ivory Coast, the southeastern Mali and the western Burkina Faso. One sub-group, the Nafana, is found in north-western Ghana.

The Senufo people are predominantly animists, with some who are Muslims. They are regionally famous for their handicrafts, many of which feature their cultural themes and religious beliefs.
Sufi studies
Sufi studies is a particular branch of comparative studies that uses the technical lexicon of the Islamic mystics, the Sufis, to exemplify the nature of its ideas; hence the frequent reference to Sufi Orders. It may be divided into two main branches, the orientalist/academic and the spiritual.

Quietism (Christian contemplation)
Quietism is the name given (especially in Catholic theology) to a set of contemplative practices that rose in popularity in France, Italy, and Spain during the late 1670s and 1680s, particularly associated with the writings of the Spanish mystic Miguel de Molinos (and subsequently François Malaval and Madame Guyon), and which were condemned as heresy by Pope Innocent XI in the papal bull Coelestis Pastor of 1687. Quietism was seen by critics as holding that man's highest perfection consists in a sort of psychical self-annihilation and a consequent absorption of the soul into the Divine Essence even during the present life.
Jed Smithson
Jed Smithson (born 19 August 2005) is a British professional cyclist who rode for Visma–Lease a Bike Development in 2024 and 2025. He will join UCI Continental team Hagens Berman Jayco for the 2026 season.

Okolo Jižních Čech
The Okolo Jižních Čech (meaning "Around South Bohemia") is a multi-day road cycling race that has been held annually in the Czech Republic since 2012. It is part of the UCI Europe Tour in category 2.2.
Gushegu-Karaga District
Gushegu-Karaga District is a former district that was located in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988, which was created from the former East Dagomba District Council. However on 28 June 2012, it was split off into two new districts: Gushegu District (capital: Gushegu) and Karaga District (capital: Karaga). The district assembly was located in the northeast part of Northern Region and had Gushegu as its capital town.

Gushegu
Gushegu is the capital city of the Gushegu District, a district located in the Northern Region of Ghana.  It is an important city in the Kingdom of Dagbon. It is located in the eastern part of Dagbong with Naa Yab' Gushe-Naa as its traditional head.
Imaginary hyperelliptic curve
A hyperelliptic curve is a particular kind of algebraic curve. 
There exist hyperelliptic curves of every genus . If the genus of a hyperelliptic curve equals 1, we simply call the curve an elliptic curve. Hence we can see hyperelliptic curves as generalizations of elliptic curves. There is a well-known group structure on the set of points lying on an elliptic curve over some field , which we can describe geometrically with chords and tangents. Generalizing this group structure to the hyperelliptic case is not straightforward. We cannot define the same group law on the set of points lying on a hyperelliptic curve, instead a group structure can be defined on the so-called Jacobian of a hyperelliptic curve. The computations differ depending on the number of points at infinity. Imaginary hyperelliptic curves are hyperelliptic curves with exactly 1 point at infinity: real hyperelliptic curves have two points at infinity.

Jacobian variety
In mathematics, the Jacobian variety J(C) of a non-singular algebraic curve C of genus g is the moduli space of degree 0 line bundles. It is the connected component of the identity in the Picard group of C, hence an abelian variety.
The Cavalier from Kruja
The Cavalier from Kruja (Italian: Il cavaliere di Kruja) is a 1940 Italian war film directed by Carlo Campogalliani and starring Doris Duranti, Antonio Centa and Leda Gloria. The film portrays the 1939 Italian invasion of Albania. It was made as a propaganda work in support of Benito Mussolini's dictatorship.

Propaganda in Fascist Italy
Propaganda in Fascist Italy was used by the National Fascist Party in the years leading up to and during Benito Mussolini's leadership of the Kingdom of Italy during the Fascist era and was a crucial instrument for acquiring and maintaining power and the implementation of Fascist policies.
Pelynt
Pelynt (Cornish: Pluwnennys (village) or Pluw Nennys (parish)) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth and four miles (6.5 km) west-northwest of Looe. Pelynt had a population of around 1,124 at the 2001 census which increased to 1,296 at the 2011 census. In addition, an electoral ward with the same name exists but extends towards Widegates avoiding Looe at all times. The population in 2011 for this ward was 4,453.

Widegates
50°23′38″N 4°24′36″W﻿ / ﻿50.394°N 4.410°W﻿ / 50.394; -4.410

Widegates (Cornish: Porthledan) is a village in south-east Cornwall, England, UK, about 4 miles north of Looe. It is on the A387 road about two miles west of Hessenford.

The centre of the village lacks any sort of local amenity but there is a nearby farm shop on its outskirts. Widegates has a population of approximately 500.
Client kingdoms in ancient Rome
A client kingdom or people in ancient Rome meant a kingdom or ancient people that was in the condition of "appearing" still independent, but in the "sphere of influence" and thus dependence of the neighboring Roman Empire. It was a form of modern protectorate, where the kingdom or territory in question was controlled or occupied (under the guise of protection) by a stronger power.

Artabanus II of Parthia
Artabanus II (also spelled Artabanos II or Ardawan II; Parthian: 𐭍𐭐𐭕𐭓 Ardawān), incorrectly known in older scholarship as Artabanus III, was King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from 12 to 38/41 AD, with a one-year interruption. He was the nephew and successor of Vonones I (r. 8–12). His father has been variously identified as a Dahae or Atropatid prince, whilst his mother was a daughter of the Parthian King of Kings Phraates IV (r. 37–2 BC).

Before his ascension to the Parthian throne, Artabanus had ruled as king of Media Atropatene, which later served as his base of attacks against the Roman-supported Parthian king Vonones I. Artabanus eventually defeated Vonones I, who fled to Armenia and became its king. Artabanus' efforts to replace Vonones I with his son were blocked by the Romans, who eventually reached an agreement with the Parthians to appoint Artaxias III the new king of Armenia and renounce their support of Vonones I.
Tõnis
Tonis, Tõnis or Tönis is a masculine given name. Tõnis is an Estonian form of Anthony. Tönis is a Dutch and Swedish form of Tönnis and diminutive form of Antonius, Anton, Antoon, Anthonis, Anthoon, Antonie and Antonis. Tonis is a Dutch diminutive form of Antonius, Anton, Antoon, Anthonis, Anthoon, Antonie and Antonis. Tonis is a Lithuanian diminutive form of Antanas. Another variant of Tõnis in Estonian is Tõnu. It is also a surname. Persons bearing the name included:

Antonis
Antonis (Greek alphabet: Αντώνης) is a variant of Antonios being used in Greece and Cyprus, which in turn is a form of Antonius, the name of a Roman gens. It is assumed that the origin lies in Etruscan.

Antonis is also a Dutch masculine given name that is a diminutive of Anthonius that is used in Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, Namibia, Indonesia and Suriname. It is sometimes a surname and is transliterated as Antonios and Andonis. Antonis is a cognate of the English language name Anthony.

People bearing the name Antonis or Antónis include:
Kochia
Kochia /ˈkoʊkiə/ is a synonym of the genus Bassia, which belongs to the subfamily Camphorosmoideae of family Amaranthaceae.

Two American species traditionally included in Kochia are now in genus Neokochia: Neokochia americana and Neokochia californica.

Neokochia
Neokochia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae.

Its native range is Western and Central USA. It is found in the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Wyoming.

The genus name of Neokochia is in honour of Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch (1771–1849), a German doctor and botanist. He was also professor of medicine and botany in Erlangen, and botanical garden director. It was first described and published in Madroño Vol.55 on page 255 (written in 2008, published in 2009).
Isaak Mazel
Isaak Yakovlevich Mazel (Russian: Исаак Яковлевич Мазель; Belarusian: Ісак Якаўлевіч Мазэль; December 1911, in Minsk – March 31, 1945, in Tashkent) was a Soviet chess master.

He tied for 8-9th at Moscow 1931 (the 7th USSR Chess Championship, Mikhail Botvinnik won), tied for 15-16th at Leningrad 1934 (the 9th USSR-ch, Grigory Levenfish and Ilya Rabinovich won).

He shared 2nd, behind Nikolai Riumin, in Moscow City Chess Championship in 1933/34,
tied for 9-12th at Moscow 1936 (the 4th Trade Unions ch, Georgy Lisitsin and Vitaly Chekhover won), and won ahead of Vladimirs Petrovs in Moscow City-ch in 1941/42. He was married to Olga Rubtsova who later became Women's Chess World Champion.

Vitaly Chekhover
Vitaly Alexandrovich Chekhover (also spelled Tschechower or Czechower, pronounced "chekh a VYAIR") (Russian: Вита́лий Алекса́ндрович Чехове́р) (December 22, 1908 – February 11, 1965) was a Soviet chess player and chess composer. He was also a pianist.
Extensible Data Format
The Extensible Data Format (XDF) is an XML standard (specified as a DTD) developed by NASA, meant to be used throughout scientific disciplines. In many ways it is akin to XSIL, Extensible Scientific Interchange Language. NASA provides two XDF APIs, in Perl and in Java.

XDF is used to store high-dimensional data and information related to it in compact XML format. The purpose is to have interchangeable and high quality format that can be used as a main archive format for this kind of data.

The XDF project and related development have been halted (2002,2006). The existing information have been archived to the UMD Astronomy Information and Knowledge Group site as a reference.

XSIL
XSIL (Extensible Scientific Interchange Language) is an XML-based transport language for scientific data, supporting the inclusion of both in-file data and metadata. The language comes with an extensible Java object model. The language's elementary objects include Param (arbitrary association between a keyword and a value), Array, Table (a set of column headings followed by a set of records), and Stream, which enables one to either encapsulate data inside the XSIL file or point to an external data source.

BFD is an XML dialect based on XSIL.
Moryllus
Moryllus or Moryllos (Ancient Greek: Μόρυλλος) was a town of ancient Macedonia, placed by Ptolemy in the otherwise obscure district of Paraxia, then assumed to be in the district of Anthemus, but now it is placed, thanks to an inscription, in the interior Mygdonia or Crestonia, near modern Ano Apostoli, Kilkis prefecture. The only attested citizens of Moryllus are two Delphic theorodokoi, Hadymos and Seleukos sons of Argaios (c. 230-220 BCE).

The site of Moryllus is located near modern Ano Apostoli.

Crestonia
Crestonia (or Crestonice) (Greek: Κρηστωνία) was an ancient region immediately north of Mygdonia. The Echeidorus river, which flowed through Mygdonia into the Thermaic Gulf, had its source in Crestonia. It was partly occupied by a remnant of the Pelasgi, who spoke a different language from their neighbors (Thracians and Paeonians); later the Greeks.

The main towns of Crestonia were Creston (Crestone) and Gallicum (Romanized name). The region, along with Mygdonia, was held by Paeonians for a time, later by Thracians. At the time of the invasion of Xerxes I of Persia, Crestonia was ruled by an independent Thracian prince (Herodotus, 8. 116). By the time of the commencement of the Peloponnesian War, Crestonia had been annexed to the kingdom of Macedonia.

Today, ancient Crestonia is comprehended within the regional units of Kilkis and Thessaloniki (northern part) in Greece.
Govedare Peak
Govedare Peak (Bulgarian: връх Говедаре, romanized: vrah Govedare, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ ɡovɛˈdarɛ]) is the rocky peak rising to 876 m in Zagreus Ridge on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land.  It surmounts Hektoria Glacier to the northeast and a tributary to Paspal Glacier to the southwest.  The feature is named after the settlement of Govedare in Southern Bulgaria.

Paspal Glacier
Paspal Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Паспал, romanized: lednik Paspal, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈpaspɐɫ]) is the 14.5 km long and 6.5 km wide glacier on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land in Antarctica situated southeast of Montgolfier Glacier and west of Hektoria Glacier.  Draining from the southeast slopes of Forbidden Plateau and flowing southeastwards between Zagreus Ridge and Dugerjav Peak to join Green Glacier.

The feature is named after the settlement of Paspal in southern Bulgaria.