hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1911 Detroit Tigers season
The 1911 Detroit Tigers had a record of 89–65 and finished in second place in the American League, 131⁄2 games behind the Philadelphia Athletics. They outscored their opponents 831–776, and drew 484,988 fans to Bennett Park (4th of 8 teams in attendance).

Bennett Park (Detroit)
Bennett Park was a baseball stadium in Detroit. Located at Michigan and Trumbull Avenues, it was home to the Detroit Tigers and was named after Charlie Bennett, a former player whose career ended after a train accident in 1894.

The Tigers began play at Bennett Park in the minor Western League with a 17–2 win over the Columbus Senators on April 28, 1896. That league was renamed the American League in 1900, and the AL declared itself a major league starting in 1901.
Visschershoek
Visschershoek is an old farmhouse in the Dutch province of South Holland. The farmhouse is located nearby the lighthouse of Ouddorp, about 7 kilometers from the centre of Ouddorp, next to the dunes on the far western part of the island and municipality of Goeree-Overflakkee.

Visschershoek in 2008

Goeree-Overflakkee
Goeree-Overflakkee (Dutch pronunciation: [ɣuˌreː ˈoːvərflɑˌkeː]) is a delta island and an administrative municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands, with a population of 50,589. It is the largest island by land area in the Netherlands after the man-made Flevopolder.

Goeree-Overflakkee is separated from the islands of Voorne-Putten and Hoeksche Waard by the Haringvliet, from the mainland of North Brabant by the Volkerak, and from Schouwen-Duiveland by Lake Grevelingen.

Despite being part of the province of South Holland, the island's scenery and dialect are more closely related to Zeeland than to Holland. On the island they speak a form of Zeelandic, namely Goereês in the west and Flakkees in the east.
Gutenstein Alps
The Gutenstein Alps (German: Gutensteiner Alpen) are a mountain range in the Eastern Alps in Central Europe, and the northeasternmost part of the Northern Limestone Alps, reaching heights over 1,000 m.

Ternitz
Ternitz is a town and municipality (14,823 inhabitants end 2014) in the district of Neunkirchen in the Austrian state of Lower Austria, situated at the confluence of the Sierning stream and the River Schwarza, at the western end of the Steinfeld plain. It is divided in the following parts, called Katastralgemeinden: Dunkelstein, Flatz, Holzweg, Mahrersdorf, Pottschach, Putzmannsdorf, Raglitz, Rohrbach am Steinfelde, St. Johann am Steinfelde and Sieding.
Rabi-Ribi
Rabi-Ribi is a 2016 side-scrolling video game developed and published by CreSpirit. The game was initially crowdfunded, and despite only reaching half of its funding goal, it released for Windows in January 2016, and was ported to the PlayStation 4 and PS Vita in 2017. The game later received a port to Nintendo Switch in 2019.

The game combines the genres of bullet hell and metroidvania through pitting the player against various bosses with dense bullet patterns in a side-scrolling platformer environment. Players control Erina, a bunny girl, who has a very small hitbox to facilitate bullet hell gameplay.

Rabi-Ribi has been praised for the degree of customization it offers the player, in addition to a wide range of difficulty settings and modes to accommodate different skill levels. The game's soundtrack and originality have been met with approval, though it has drawn criticism for its weak storytelling and one-note character design.

Bullet hell
Bullet hell (弾幕, danmaku; literally "barrage" or "bullet curtain"), also known as manic shooter, is a subgenre of shoot 'em up video games with large amounts of projectiles the player is required to dodge. Introduced in 1993 with Batsugun and initially limited to vertically scrolling shooters, bullet hell elements were later added to other genres. Pure bullet hell games remain a niche genre due to their high level of difficulty.
2024 Lima Challenger II
The 2024 Lima Challenger II, known as the DirecTV Open Lima, was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between 4 and 10 November 2024.

2024 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2024 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2024 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 207 tournaments with prize money ranging from $41,000 up to $225,500. It was the 47th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 16th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Kitty Harris
Kitty Harris (died 6 October 1966) was a Canadian-born Soviet secret agent and "long-time special courier of the OGPU-NKVD foreign intelligence during the 1930s and 1940s."
Although mentioned by name in Walter Krivitsky’s book I was Stalin’s agent, Harris was identified only in 2001 when her code name "Ada" or "Aida" was found in declassified files from the Venona project. This was a counterintelligence program initiated by the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service (later the National Security Agency) that ran from February 1, 1943 until October 1, 1980.

Walter Krivitsky
Walter Germanovich Krivitsky (Russian: Ва́льтер Ге́рманович Криви́цкий; born Samuel Gershevich Ginsberg; Russian: Самуил Гершевич Гинзберг; June 28, 1899 – February 10, 1941) was a Soviet military intelligence spymaster who defected to the West and revealed plans for the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
History of Mayagüez
The city of Mayagüez, in Western Puerto Rico, was founded by Spanish colonists in 1760. The area had long been settled by indigenous Taínos. Mayagüez became self-governing in 1763 and was made a villa (chartered town) in 1836. Severe fire damage in 1841 compelled extensive rebuilding. The town became the focus of a distinctive regional identity and was home to liberal and radical thinkers such as Eugenio María de Hostos and the pro-independence activist Ramón Emeterio Betances. City charter status was granted in 1877.

In the Spanish–American War of 1898, Mayagüez welcomed U.S. troops who occupied it on August 11 without a fight. The college that later became the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez opened in 1911. Severe destruction again occurred in the 1918 San Fermín earthquake. During the later 20th century, the city developed a large-scale export trade to the U.S., based on tuna processing and textiles.

Mayagüez Bay
Mayagüez Bay (Spanish: Bahía de Mayagüez) is a bay located in western Puerto Rico.

The bay has recently been opened to the city of Mayagüez with the building of the Parque del Litoral because of the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games. The Port of Mayagüez is located in the bay.  The Yagüez River empties into the bay.
Royal Match
Royal Match is a casual free-to-play tile-matching video game launched in 2021. It was developed and published by Dream Games. In it, players follow the fictional King Robert as he restores and refurbishes his castle. The game runs on the Unity game engine and is available for iOS through the App Store and Android via Google Play, the Amazon Appstore, and the Galaxy Store. Since 2023, Royal Match has been amongst the top ten largest mobile games by monthly revenue globally. There are about 55 million monthly active users.

A sequel, Royal Kingdom, starring King Robert's younger brother King Richard, was fully released on November 21, 2024; it had already surpassed $20 million in revenue since its soft launch in April 2023.

Peak Games
Peak Games is a mobile gaming company based in Istanbul, Turkey. The privately held company was acquired by Zynga in June 2020 for $1.8 billion. The company launched the games Toy Blast in 2015 and Toon Blast in 2017, both collectively have more than 12 million average mobile daily active users as of June 2020.
Alfred Cohen
Alfred Cohen (1920–2001) was an American artist whose art was firmly rooted in the European tradition; he was inspired in particular by the commedia dell'arte; and by the colour and handling of the Post-Impressionists and Expressionists.

Chaïm Soutine
Chaïm Soutine (French: [ʃaim sutin]; Russian: Хаим Соломонович Сутин, romanized: Khaim Solomonovich Sutin; Yiddish: חײם סוטין, romanized: Chaim Sutin; 13 January 1893 – 9 August 1943) was a French painter of Belarusian-Jewish origin of the School of Paris, who made a major contribution to the Expressionist movement while living and working in Paris.

Inspired by classic painting in the European tradition, exemplified by the works of Rembrandt, Chardin and Courbet, Soutine developed an individual style more concerned with shape, color, and texture than representation, which served as a bridge between more traditional approaches and the developing form of Abstract Expressionism.
Allahina
Allahina is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Nara in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali. The town lies 31 km south of the Mauritanian border and 156 km west of Nara, the administrative centre of the cercle. The commune, which includes the town and seven of the surrounding villages, had a population of 11,683 in the 2009 census.

Nara, Mali
Nara (Bambara: ߣߊߙߊ tr. Nara) is a town and rural commune in the Koulikoro Region of southwestern Mali. The town is the administrative center of the  Nara Cercle. It is about 37 kilometres (23 mi), south of the international border with Mauritania and approximately 374 kilometres (232 mi), by road, northeast of the Malian capital, Bamako.

The rural commune covers an area of 1,300 square kilometres (500 sq mi) and includes the town and 16 surrounding villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 19,793.
Centering matrix
In mathematics and multivariate statistics, the centering matrix is a symmetric and idempotent matrix, which when multiplied with a vector has the same effect as subtracting the mean of the components of the vector from every component of that vector.

Idempotent matrix
In linear algebra, an idempotent matrix is a matrix which, when multiplied by itself, yields itself. That is, the matrix  is idempotent if and only if . For this product  to be defined,  must necessarily be a square matrix. Viewed this way, idempotent matrices are idempotent elements of matrix rings.
Siddhartha Law College, Dehradun
Siddhartha Law College is a college imparting education in law in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. It was established in the year 2009 and offers a five-year integrated Bachelor of Law (B.A./B.B.A.LL.B) degree, a three-year (LL.B) degree, and a one-year Master of Law (LLM) degree. The college is affiliated with Uttarakhand Technical University.

Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University
Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University is a public university in the Indian state of Uttarakhand set up by the Government of Uttarakhand on 27 January 2005, through the Uttarakhand Technical University Act 2005. It has 6 campus institutes and 80 affiliated colleges Government and Private). 6 campus institutes are in the university campuses at Dehradun, Tehri, Tanakpur, Gopeshwar, Pithoragarh, and Uttarkashi spread all over the state.
Chicken Bones
Chicken Bones is a line of candy products manufactured by Ganong Bros. of St. Stephen, New Brunswick, and available in Canada. A pink cinnamon-flavoured candy with a chocolate filling, it is considered a traditional treat among Atlantic Canadians during Christmas. Due to its popularity, it is the sole remaining hard candy manufactured by the company.

Chicken Bones was created in 1885 by Frank Sparhawk, a candy maker from Baltimore who took a Ganong Bros. job opening. The original manufacturing method continues to be used.

These candies are used by New Brunswick brewer Moonshine Creek Distilleries to make Chicken-Bones-flavoured liqueur.

Ganong Bros.
Ganong Bros., Limited is a Canadian chocolate and confectionery company based in St. Stephen, New Brunswick. Founded in 1873 by brothers James and Gilbert Ganong, it is the oldest company in its industry in Canada. The family-owned company is in its fifth generation of ownership. Primarily a producer of boxed chocolates and the first to introduce heart-shaped boxes, it now provides many chocolates for Laura Secord stores.
Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry
Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry is a Pakistani politician and entrepreneur. He started his political career in 1987 when he was elected as the Vice Chairman for district Bahawalnagar. In 1993 he was elected as member of the provincial assembly from Haroonabad, Bahawalnagar and in 1997 he was elected as the Chairman for district Bahawalnagar. In 2003 he became a member of the Senate. As a senator he also served as the chairman of standing committees for sports, tourism and culture.

Chaudhry is one of the founding members of the Pakistan Industrial and Traders Association Front and also an active member of Lahore Chamber of Commerce & Industry. He was elected President in 2010. In 2012, Chaudhry started the first private train service in Pakistan, Pak Business Express, running from Lahore to Karachi.

Bahawalnagar
Bahawalnagar (Punjabi, Urdu: بہاول نگر), is the capital city of Bahawalnagar District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Bahawalnagar is the headquarter of the district and tehsil as well. It is the 39th largest city of Pakistan by population according to the 2023 census. Old name of Bahawalnagar was Rojanwali/Ubbha. It was named Bahawalnagar in 1904 after Bahawal Khan V, the ruler of the Bahawalpur state comprising the present districts of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar and Rahim Yar Khan. It is 262 km (163 mi) south of Lahore and about 175 km (109 mi) miles east of Bahawalpur. It is 65 km (40 mi) far from District Pakpattan. River Sutlej passes on the northern side at a distance of about 6 miles.
Koerner's septum
Koerner's septum is an anatomic boundary in the temporal bone formed by the petrosquamous suture between the petrous and squamosal portions of the mastoid air cells, at the anatomic level of the mastoid antrum. Along with the middle ear ossicles, it is usually eroded in middle ear cholesteatomas. Superiorly, this continues as the petrosquamous suture, a normal anatomic structure that can be mistaken for fractures on temporal bone CT.
It is surgically important as it may cause difficulty in locating the antrum and the deeper cells and thus may lead to incomplete removal of disease at mastoidectomy.

Mastoid antrum
The mastoid antrum (tympanic antrum, antrum mastoideum, Valsalva's antrum) is an air space in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aditus to mastoid antrum (entrance to the mastoid antrum). These air spaces function as sound receptors, provide voice resonance, act as acoustic insulation and dissipation, provide protection from physical damage and reduce the mass of the cranium.
The roof is formed by the tegmen antri which is a continuation of the tegmen tympani and separates it from the middle cranial fossa.
The lateral wall of the antrum is formed by a plate of bone which is an average of 1.5 cm in adults.
The mastoid air cell  system is a major contributor to middle ear inflammatory diseases.
Einar Hope
Einar Hope (born 13 July 1937) is a Norwegian economist.

He was born in Masfjorden Municipality. Having graduated as siviløkonom, he was employed at the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration from 1978 to 1990, before being CEO of the Foundation for Research in Economics and Business Administration from 1991 to 1995. From 1995 to 1999 he served as director of the Norwegian Competition Authority. From 1999 to 2005 he was professor of energy economics at the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.

He is the brother of Bjarne Johannes Hope.

Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences
The Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (Norwegian: Norges Tekniske Vitenskapsakademi, NTVA) is a learned society based in Trondheim, Norway.

The academy was founded in Trondheim in 1955. the academy has about 290 fellows under the age of 65 and a total of 730 members. King Harald is the academy's high protector, in recognition of the academy's importance to society.

It is a member of the International Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences (CAETS) and of the European Council of Applied Sciences and Engineering (Euro-CASE).

NTVA is one of four learned societies in Norway. The others are Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters and Agder Vitenskapsakademi.
Rhynchitidae
The tooth-nosed snout weevils, Rhynchitidae, are small beetles (1.5 to 6.5 mm) that are usually found in vegetation. They usually use buds, fruits, or seeds for oviposition. The tooth-nosed snout weevils receive this name due to the teeth on the edges of their mandibles.

Traditionally considered a subfamily of Attelabidae within the Curculionoidea (weevils and relatives), the tooth-nosed snout weevils are regarded as a separate family Rhynchitidae by some authorities.

A common member of this group is the rose curculio, Merhynchites bicolor, which feeds on roses.

A number of species from  Rhynchitidae are recorded from Britain.

The thief weevil, Pterocolus ovatus, is the only pterocoline (subfamily Pterocolinae) known from North America. It is an obligate egg predator and nidus kleptoparasite (nest thief) of some beetles in the family Attelabidae.

Pterocolus ovatus
Pterocolus ovatus, known generally as the thief weevil or leaf roll thief, is a species of thief weevil in the family of beetles known as Attelabidae. It is found in North America. The thief weevil is an obligate egg predator and nest thief of Homoeolabus analis, the Oak Leaf-Rolling Weevil.
Trafalgar, Nova Scotia
Trafalgar  is a Canadian rural community located inland from Nova Scotia's Eastern Shore. While it is named after the Battle of Trafalgar, it is not pronounced the same as Trafalgar England.  Emphasis is on the first syllable traf'-el-GAR.

It is located at the boundaries of Pictou County, Guysborough County (specifically the Municipality of the District of St. Mary's) and Halifax County (specifically the Halifax Regional Municipality).

Trafalgar is located on Route 374 at the north end of the Liscomb Sanctuary and an associated forest fire-fighting station.

Municipality of the District of St. Mary's
St. Mary's, officially named the Municipality of the District of St. Mary's, is a district municipality in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

The district municipality occupies the western half of the county and its administrative seat is in the village of Sherbrooke.
Ireland at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Ireland participated at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, held between 7 and 22 February 1998. The country's participation in the Games marked its second appearance at the Winter Olympics since its debut in the 1992 Games.
The Ireland team consisted of six athletes who competed across two sports. Terry McHugh served as the country's flag-bearer during the opening ceremony. Ireland did not win any medal in the Games, and has not won a Winter Olympics medal as of these Games.

Ireland at the 1992 Winter Olympics
The Republic of Ireland was represented at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France by the Olympic Federation of Ireland.

In total, four athletes – all men – represented the Republic of Ireland in one sport: bobsleigh.

The Republic of Ireland had never previously competed at a Winter Olympics. Bobsleighers Gerry Macken, Pat McDonagh, Terry McHugh and Malachy Sheridan were the first to represent the Republic of Ireland at a Winter Olympics.
History of computer animation
The history of computer animation began as early as the 1940s and 1950s, when people began to experiment with computer graphics – most notably by John Whitney. It was only by the early 1960s when digital computers had become widely established, that new avenues for innovative computer graphics blossomed. Initially, uses were mainly for scientific, engineering and other research purposes, but artistic experimentation began to make its appearance by the mid-1960s – most notably by Dr. Thomas Calvert. By the mid-1970s, many such efforts were beginning to enter into public media. Much computer graphics at this time involved 2-D imagery, though increasingly as computer power improved, efforts to achieve 3-D realism became the emphasis. By the late 1980s, photo-realistic 3-D was beginning to appear in film movies, and by mid-1990s had developed to the point where 3-D animation could be used for entire feature film production.

Autodesk 3ds Max
Autodesk 3ds Max, formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max, is a professional 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations, models, games and images. It is developed and produced by Autodesk Media and Entertainment. It has modeling capabilities and a flexible plugin architecture and must be used on the Microsoft Windows platform. It is frequently used by video game developers, many TV commercial studios, and architectural visualization studios. It is also used for movie effects and movie pre-visualization. 3ds Max features shaders (such as ambient occlusion and subsurface scattering), dynamic simulation, particle systems, radiosity, normal map creation and rendering, global illumination, a customizable user interface, and its own scripting language.
Diana Josephson
Diana Hayward Josephson (October 17, 1936 – March 6, 2006) was the first woman to lead the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) when she became the acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere in 1993.

Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere
The under secretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere, or USC(OA), is a high-ranking official in the United States Department of Commerce and the principal advisor to the United States Secretary of Commerce on the environmental and scientific activities of the department. The under secretary is dual hatted as the administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Commerce Department.

The under secretary is appointed by the president of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate to serve at the pleasure of the president.

In February 2025, President Trump nominated former acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere Neil Jacobs to the position. He was confirmed to the position on October 7.
Mount Aspiring National Park
Mount Aspiring National Park is in the Southern Alps of the South Island of New Zealand, north of Fiordland National Park, situated in Otago and Westland regions. The park forms part of the Te Wahipounamu World Heritage Site.

Hiking in New Zealand
Tramping, known elsewhere as backpacking, rambling, hill walking or bushwalking, is a popular activity in New Zealand.

Tramping is defined as a recreational activity involving walking over rough country. Trampers often carry a backpack and wet-weather gear, and may also carry equipment for cooking and sleeping.
2025 J.League Cup
The 2025 J.League Cup, known as the 2025 J.League YBC Levain Cup (Japanese: 2025 JリーグYBCルヴァンカップ) for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd edition of J.League Cup, a Japanese association football cup competition. It was the second season all 60 J.League clubs participate in the League Cup. Defending champions Nagoya Grampus, having won their second title in 2024, were eliminated in the Group 7 second round.

2024 J.League Cup
The 2024 J.League Cup, known as the 2024 J.League YBC Levain Cup (Japanese: 2024 JリーグYBCルヴァンカップ) for sponsorship reasons, was the 32nd edition of J.League Cup, a Japanese association football cup competition. This season, all 60 J.League clubs participated in an updated tournament format, aimed to grow the J2 and J3 Leagues and improve the J.League as a whole.

The defending champions	were Avispa Fukuoka, who were eliminated in the third round.