hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colesworthey Grant
Colesworthey Grant (sometimes spelt Colesworthy; 25 October 1813 – 31 May 1880) was an English artist, writer and pioneer activist against cruelty to animals in India. Teaching himself art and sketching, he produced numerous portraits of many early East India Company servants of influence in Calcutta which were published in the local periodicals of the time. He later became a professor of drawing. He founded the "Calcutta Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals" in 1861 after seeing the sorry conditions especially of draught animals on the streets of Calcutta.

Peary Chand Mitra
Peary Chand Mitra (22 July 1814 – 23 November 1883) was an Indian writer, journalist, cultural activist and entrepreneur. His pseudonym was Tek Chand Thakur. He was a member of Henry Derozio's Young Bengal group, who played a leading role in the Bengal Renaissance with the introduction of simple Bengali prose. His Alaler Gharer Dulal pioneered the novel in the Bengali language, leading to a tradition taken up by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and others. Mitra died on 23 November 1883 in Kolkata.
Steel-cut oats
Steel-cut oats (US), also called pinhead oats, coarse oatmeal (UK), or Irish oatmeal, are groats (the inner kernel with the inedible hull removed) of whole oats which have been chopped into two or three pinhead-sized pieces (hence the names; "steel-cut" comes from the steel blades). The pieces can then be sold, or processed further to make rolled oat flakes, of smaller size than flakes of whole groats. Steel-cutting produces oatmeal with a chewier and coarser texture than other processes.

Steel-cut oats, and other types, are traditionally used to make porridge. They take longer to cook than instant, ground, or rolled oats, typically 15–30 minutes for porridge (or about half this time if pre-soaked). Steel-cut oats are described as being nuttier and chewier than other types of oats. They can be used to make oatcakes, blended uncooked in smoothies, and used for other culinary purposes.

Whole grain
A whole grain is a grain of any cereal and pseudocereal that contains the endosperm, germ, and bran, in contrast to refined grains, which retain only the endosperm.

As part of a general healthy diet, consumption of whole grains is associated with lower risk of several diseases. Whole grains are a source of carbohydrates, multiple nutrients and dietary fiber.
Shah Vali, Bahmai-ye Garmsiri
Shah Vali (Persian: شاه ولي, also Romanized as Shāh Valī) is a village in Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District, Bahmai-ye Garmsiri District, Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 84, in 18 families.

Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District
Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District (Persian: دهستان سرآسياب يوسفي) is in Sar Asiab-e Yusefi District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh-e Bonar-e Yusefi. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Asiab-e Yusefi, now a city.
Losartan/hydrochlorothiazide
Losartan/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hyzaar among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat high blood pressure when losartan is not sufficient. It consists of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker; and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include dizziness, back pain, and upper respiratory tract infections. Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, kidney problems, allergic reactions, and electrolyte problems. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. Losartan works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II while hydrochlorothiazide works by decreasing the ability of the kidneys to absorb electrolytes.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 1995. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 65th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 9 million prescriptions.

Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or AT1 receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and sodium retention effects of renin–angiotensin system.

Their main uses are in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes) and congestive heart failure. They selectively block the activation of the AT1 receptor, preventing the binding of angiotensin II compared to ACE inhibitors.

ARBs and the similar-attributed ACE inhibitors are both indicated as the first-line antihypertensives in patients developing hypertension along with left-sided heart failure. However, ARBs appear to produce fewer adverse effects compared to ACE inhibitors.
Lomako River
The Lomako River is a river in Équateur province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Lomako is a tributary of the Maringa River. The Maringa River joins with the Lopori River to the north, to form the Lulonga River, a tributary of the Congo River. The Lomako flows through the Lopori / Maringa basin, also known as the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape, an area of great ecological importance.

Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.
2017 Aegean Sea earthquake
On 21 July 2017, a large earthquake measuring 6.6 on the moment magnitude scale struck close to the tourist locations of Kos in Greece and Bodrum in Turkey, killing 2 people and injuring hundreds. Mostly referenced as the 2017 Bodrum–Kos earthquake, this earthquake generated a tsunami which was one of the largest tsunamis in the Mediterranean Sea region.

Tectonics
Tectonics (from Ancient Greek  τεκτονικός tektonikós 'pertaining to building' via Latin tectonicus) are the processes that result in the structure and properties of Earth's crust and its evolution through time. The field of planetary tectonics extends the concept to other planets and moons.

These processes include those of mountain-building, the growth and behavior of the strong, old cores of continents known as cratons, and the ways in which the relatively rigid plates that constitute Earth's outer shell interact with each other. Principles of tectonics also provide a framework for understanding the earthquake and volcanic belts that directly affect much of the global population.

Tectonic studies are important as guides for economic geologists searching for fossil fuels and ore deposits of metallic and nonmetallic resources. An understanding of tectonic principles can help geomorphologists to explain erosion patterns and other Earth-surface features.
Universal basic income in Canada
Universal basic income in Canada refers to the debate and trials with basic income, negative income tax and related welfare systems in Canada. The debate goes back to the 1930s when the social credit movement had ideas around those lines. Two major basic income experiments have been conducted in Canada. Firstly the Mincome experiment in Manitoba 1974–1979, and secondly the Ontario Basic Income Pilot Project in 2017. The latter was intended to last for three years but only lasted a few months due to its subsequent cancellation by the then newly-elected Conservative government.

Negative income tax
In economics, a negative income tax (NIT) is a system which reverses the direction in which tax is paid for incomes below a certain level; in other words, earners above that level pay money to the state while earners below it receive money. NIT was proposed by British writer and politician Juliet Rhys-Williams while working on the Beveridge Report in the early 1940s and popularized by American economist Milton Friedman in the 1960s as a system in which the state makes payments to poor people when their income falls below a threshold, while taxing them on income above that threshold.

Together with Friedman, supporters of NIT also included James Tobin, Joseph A. Pechman, Jim Gray and even then-President Richard Nixon, who suggested implementation of modified NIT in his Family Assistance Plan. After the increase in popularity of NIT, an experiment sponsored by the US government was conducted between 1968 and 1982 on effects of NIT on labour supply, income, and substitution effects.
National Council of the Magistracy (Dominican Republic)
The National Council of the Magistracy (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de la Magistratura) is the Dominican constitutional body responsible for appointing judges of the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court and the Superior Electoral Court of the Dominican Republic.

The NCM is also the organ called to conduct performance evaluations of judges of the Supreme Court.

Supreme Court of the Dominican Republic
The Supreme Court of the Dominican Republic (known by its acronym, SCJ) is the highest court existing in the Republic and is, therefore, the head of the judiciary in the country.

The Supreme Court is the final court empowered to administer justice, i.e. that its judgments can not be appealed, although they may eventually be reviewed by the same court through the use of re consideration.

It is in the highest place in the Dominican Judicial organization over the Courts of Appeal, Courts of First Instance, Peace Courts and special courts and corresponds super general administrative supervision over all courts of the Republic, except the Superior Electoral Court, and the Constitutional Court. It is headquartered in Santo Domingo, capital of the Republic, in the Palace of the Supreme Court in the center of the heroes, adjacent to the National Congress.
Aghuz Kalleh, Rudsar
Aghuz Kalleh (Persian: اغوزكله, also Romanized as Āghūz Kalleh; also known as Āqez Kalleh) is a village in Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 17, in 6 families.

Eshkevar-e Olya and Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District
Eshkevar-e Olya and Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District (Persian: دهستان اشکور عليا و سيارستاق ييلاقي) is in Rahimabad District of Rudsar County, Gilan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sarem.
Jiagedaqi District
Jiagedaqi District or Jagdaqi District (Oroqen: Jagdaqi, meaning "area with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin"; simplified Chinese: 加格达奇区; traditional Chinese: 加格達奇區; pinyin: Jiāgédáqí Qū) is a district and the de facto seat of Daxing'anling Prefecture in Heilongjiang. Its physical location is in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia; however, it is de facto under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling Prefecture due to a lack of a suitable location for a seat in Daxing'anling itself. The government of Inner Mongolia disputes this arrangement.

Daxing'anling Prefecture
Daxing'anling (simplified Chinese: 大兴安岭地区; traditional Chinese: 大興安嶺地區; pinyin: Dàxīng'ānlǐng Dìqū), also known as Da Hinggan Ling, is the northernmost Chinese prefecture-level division, located in northwestern Heilongjiang Province. It covers 46,755 km2 (18,052 sq mi) and had a population of 520,000, as of 2004. According to the data of the annual report of public security, the total population of the region at the end of the year is 369,831. It is named after the Greater Khingan Range (Daxing'anling; ᠠᠮᠪᠠ᠋ ᡥᡳᠨ᠋ᡤᡤᠠᠨ ᠵᡠᡨ᠊ᡠᠨ; Amba Hinggan Dabagan) Mountains. In 2007, it had a GDP of RMB 6.1 billion and a growth rate of 11.1%. In 2015, Daxing'anling Prefecture had a GDP of RMB 13.49 billion, and a GDP of RMB 15.39 billion in the year 2014.
Palm Beach County Library System
The Palm Beach County Library System is the public library system of Palm Beach County, Florida. Its headquarters, the Main Library, is located in an unincorporated area near West Palm Beach, the county seat.
The system was established in 1967 and serves Palm Beach County through the Main Library and 20 branch libraries. Its first library branch opened in Tequesta on September 25, 1969, and its first bookmobile five days later. Unlike neighboring Broward and Miami-Dade counties, where most municipalities have joined their county's library system, most municipalities in Palm Beach County continue to operate their own city libraries, leading the county system to focus on the more suburban communities. Instead, a cooperative system model is in place to allow interoperation between county and municipal libraries.

Tequesta, Florida
Tequesta is an incorporated village in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is the northernmost municipality in the Miami metropolitan area, which according to the 2020 United States census, had a total population of 6,158 South Florida residents.
International Order of St. Hubertus
The International Order of Saint Hubertus is a worldwide organization and chivalric order of hunters and wildlife conservationists under Grand Master Istvan von Habsburg-Lothringen that promotes traditional hunting ethics and practices. The Order was founded in 1695 by Count Franz Anton von Sporck, who brought together noble hunters from Austria, Bohemia, and other countries throughout the Habsburg Empire. The Order was named in honor of Saint Hubertus, the patron saint of hunters and fishermen. The Order's motto is Deum Diligite Animalia Diligentes, "Honoring God by Honoring His Creatures".

Grand master (order)
Grand Master (Latin: Magister Magnus; German: Großmeister or German: Hochmeister (literally 'High Master'); French: Grand Maître; Spanish: Gran Maestre; Portuguese: Grão-Mestre; Swedish: Stormästare) is a title of the supreme head of various orders, including chivalric orders such as military orders and dynastic orders of knighthood.

The title also occurs in modern civil fraternal orders such as the Freemasons, the Odd Fellows, and various other fraternities. Additionally, numerous modern self-styled orders attempt to imitate habits of the former bodies.
Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1941–1944
This is a list of members of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1941 to 1944, as elected at the 1941 state election:

1  Thebarton independent MHA Jules Langdon died on 2 November 1942. Labor candidate Fred Walsh won the resulting by-election on 12 December.

2  Gouger independent MHA Albert Robinson died on 25 May 1943. Labor candidate Horace Bowden won the resulting by-election on 10 July.

3  Stirling MHA Herbert Dunn had joined the LCL in 1940, but was defeated for preselection. He ran as an unendorsed LCL candidate in 1941, and sat as an LCL member on his election.

4  Murray MHA Richard McKenzie was elected to his second term as an independent in 1941, but joined the Labor Party in September 1943.

Fred Walsh
John Frederick (Fred) Walsh (21 April 1893 – 29 April 1968) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly seats of Thebarton from 1942 to 1956 and West Torrens from 1956 to 1965 for the Labor Party.
1828 United States presidential election in Maine
The 1828 United States presidential election in Maine took place between October 31 and December 2, 1828, as part of the 1828 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for the president and vice president.

Maine voted for the National Republican candidate, John Quincy Adams, over the Democratic candidate, Andrew Jackson. Adams won Maine by a margin of 19.68%. Adams received eight electoral votes and Jackson received one.

With 59.71% of the popular vote, Maine would prove to be Adams' fifth strongest state in the 1828 election after Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont and Connecticut.

This was the only time prior to the 2016 election (when Republican nominee Donald Trump received one of the state's four votes) that an electoral vote split occurred in Maine.

1828 United States presidential election in Connecticut
The 1828 United States presidential election in Connecticut took place between October 31 and December 2, 1828, as part of the 1828 United States presidential election. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

Connecticut voted for the National Republican candidate, John Quincy Adams, over the Democratic candidate, Andrew Jackson. Adams won Connecticut by a margin of 48.41%.

With 71.36% of the popular vote, Connecticut would prove to be Adams' fourth strongest state in the 1828 election after Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Vermont.
Fibrenap (Cushy Pads)
Fibrenap, also referred to as Cushy Pad, is a product made from wood wool bound in Kraft paper which can be used as an environmentally friendly method for packaging a wide range of items. Fibrenap, in its simplest form, comes as a roll of Kraft paper stuffed with wood wool and comes in a variety of widths. These rolls of Fibrenap can be cut to any length desired, wrapped in a plastic sleeve or made into bails. Any combination of these methods can be used to ensure it is in a form which is best suited to the item it is packaging. Fibrenap is most commonly used to transport heavy industry items to protect the items against vibrations and shocks which could occur during transportation.

Packaging
Packaging is the science, art, and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and for personal use.

Package labeling (American English) or labelling (British English) is any written, electronic, or graphic communication on the package or on a separate but associated label. Many countries or regions have regulations governing the content of package labels. Merchandising, branding, and persuasive graphics are not covered in this article.
Wu Han (Han dynasty)
Wu Han (1st century BCE — June 18, 44 CE), courtesy name Ziyan, was a Chinese military general and politician during the Eastern Han dynasty who made great contributions to Emperor Guangwu (Liu Xiu)'s reestablishment of the Han dynasty and who is commonly regarded as Emperor Guangwu's best general, but who was also known for cruelty against civilians. He was also one of the 28 generals of Yuntai (ranked no. 2, behind Deng Yu).

Wu Han assisted Emperor Guangwu of Han in summoning troops from Youzhou, defeating various rebel forces such as the Tanxiang bandits and the Yexi mountain thieves. He successively eliminated separatist warlords including Zhu Wei, Liu Yong, Dong Xian, and Gongsun Shu, ultimately contributing to the unification of the empire.

Book of the Later Han
The Book of the Later Han, also known as the History of the Later Han and by its Chinese name Hou Hanshu (Chinese: 後漢書), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later or Eastern Han. The book was compiled by Fan Ye and others in the 5th century during the Liu Song dynasty, using a number of earlier histories and documents as sources.
Diocese of Coria-Cáceres
The Diocese of Coria-Cáceres (Latin: Dioecesis Cauriensis-Castrorum Caeciliorum) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Coria and Cáceres in the ecclesiastical province of Mérida–Badajoz in Spain.

Diocese of Córdoba
The Diocese of Córdoba (Latin: Dioecesis Cordubensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Córdoba in the ecclesiastical province of Sevilla in Spain. Demetrio Fernández González is the current bishop.
Wryde railway station
Wryde railway station was a station serving Wryde, Cambridgeshire on the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway between Wisbech and Peterborough. Originally built by the Peterborough, Wisbech and Sutton Bridge Railway, it was opened for goods traffic on 1 June 1866 and for passengers on 1 August of the same year.

There was no passing loop at this station until 1906 when one was installed as part of the general upgrading of the line made to improve the King's Cross, Peterborough, Sheringham and Cromer services run in collaboration with the Great Northern Railway.

Passenger services were withdrawn on 2 December 1957, but goods trains travelling between Murrow and the brickworks at Dogsthorpe, near Peterborough, continued to pass through the station until 31 October 1965.

Cromer railway station
Cromer is a railway station which serves the coastal town of Cromer, in the English county of Norfolk. It is a stop on the Bittern Line between Norwich and Sheringham. The station is located 26 miles 52 chains (42.9 km) down the line from Norwich.
Semester at Sea
Semester at Sea (SAS) is a study-abroad program founded in 1963 and managed by the Institute for Shipboard Education (ISE) in Fort Collins, Colorado. Colorado State University is the current academic sponsor and the program is conducted on a cruise ship. Nearly 73,000 undergraduate students from over 1,500 colleges and universities have participated in Semester at Sea.

Each spring and fall semester, up to 600 undergraduates participate in the 100- to 110-day program. During the semester, the ship often circumnavigates the globe, traveling east (across the Atlantic) or west (across the Pacific) and visiting 10 to 11 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, South America, and North America. Although the program sometimes has voyages through the Mediterranean Sea and the Suez Canal, piracy concerns in the Gulf of Aden have often caused the voyage to go around the southern part of Africa.

International student
International students or exchange students, also known as foreign students, are students who undertake all or part of their secondary or tertiary education in a country other than their own.

In 2022, there were over 6.9 million international students, up from 5.12 million in 2016. The most popular destinations were in the Anglosphere. Three countries in particular received 39% of international students: the United States (with 1,126,690 international students), Canada (842,760 students), and the United Kingdom (758,855 students).
Agnes Devanadera
Agnes Vicenta Salayo Torres-Devanadera (born April 5, 1950), also known as Agnes VST Devanadera, is a Filipina lawyer and politician who is currently the president and CEO of Clark Development Corporation since her appointment by Bongbong Marcos in 2022. She previously served as the chairperson of the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) from 2017 to 2022 during the Duterte administration. During the Arroyo administration, she served as the Solicitor General of the Philippines, the first woman to hold the post. She was also the acting Secretary of Justice on two short stints.

Secretary of Justice (Philippines)
The secretary of justice (Filipino: kalihim ng katarungan) is the head of the Department of Justice and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The position is currently held by its Acting Secretary Usec. Fredderick A. Vida since October 10, 2025 following Jesus Crispin Remulla's appointment as Ombudsman.