hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard S. Hassan
Richard S. Hassan is a retired officer of the United States Air Force. He served as director of the Air Force Senior Leader Management Office in Crystal City, Virginia, overseeing career development for senior leaders in the Air Force. He is of Irish background.

Though Hassan was a brigadier general, the Secretary of the Air Force retired him in the lower grade of colonel shortly after he was found to have sexually harassed female subordinates, engaged in unprofessional relationships and created a hostile work environment. The revelations about Hassan surfaced shortly after a similar scandal involving former top Air Force Major General Thomas J. Fiscus and shortly before a scandal involving another high-ranking Air Force officer, Colonel Michael D. Murphy.

Michael D. Murphy
Michael D. Murphy is a former lawyer and United States Air Force officer. He was a colonel and commander of the Air Force Legal Operations Agency, and retired as a lieutenant. A former top lawyer in the Air Force, Murphy was relieved of his command on November 30, 2006, after Air Force officials discovered that he had been disbarred more than 20 years earlier and did not have a law license.
Sailing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Tornado
The Mixed Tornado was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 2004 Summer Olympics program in Agios Kosmas Olympic Sailing Centre. Eleven races were scheduled and completed with one discard. 35 sailors, on 17 boats, from 17 nation competed.

Sailing at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport that has been part of the Olympic programme starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possibly the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program in 2004 consisted of eleven disciplines divided over nine sailing classes. For each discipline multiple races were scheduled between 14 and 28 August 2004 along the coast near Athens. Athens hosted the Olympic sailing competitions for the second time, having done so during the 1896 Summer Olympics. However, in 1896, the sailing competition was cancelled due to heavy storms and further bad weather conditions. This time the weather conditions were good. The sailing event was executed on the several types of Olympic courses in different course areas using the 'Fleetrace' and 'Matchrace' formats.
Hamish McKenzie (cyclist)
Hamish McKenzie (born 13 September 2004) is an Australian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Hagens Berman Jayco. In 2026 he will join UCI WorldTeam Team Jayco–AlUla on a two-year contract.

Oceania Road Cycling Championships
The Oceania Road Championships are a series of road cycling races held annually to determine the Oceanian champion in each event. The event has been held since 1995 and consists of an elite and under-23 men's and an elite women's road race and time trial.

The Oceania Cycling Confederation hosts the events to provide an opportunity for athletes to gain UCI points, and to help selection for national team representation at world championships.
Hong Kong Pegasus FC
Hong Kong Pegasus FC (Chinese: 香港飛馬足球會), currently known as Ling Yui Orion FC due to sponsorship reasons, is a Hong Kong football club based in Yuen Long. Founded in 2008, the club currently competes in the Hong Kong Third Division.

Mong Kok Stadium
Mong Kok Stadium (Chinese: 旺角大球場) is a stadium in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. With a capacity of 6,664 (comprising four stands of 1,666), it hosts Hong Kong Premier League Hooligan's Game matches, with Kitchen Cooks currently using the venue. The stadium is run by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of Hong Kong.
Isotoxal figure
In geometry, a polytope (for example, a polygon or a polyhedron) or a tiling is isotoxal (from Greek  τόξον  'arc') or edge-transitive if its symmetries act transitively on its edges. Informally, this means that there is only one type of edge to the object: given two edges, there is a translation, rotation, and/or reflection that will move one edge to the other while leaving the region occupied by the object unchanged.

Regular polygon
In Euclidean geometry, a regular polygon is a polygon that is direct equiangular (all angles are equal in measure) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). Regular polygons may be either convex or star. In the limit, a sequence of regular polygons with an increasing number of sides approximates a circle, if the perimeter or area is fixed, or a regular apeirogon (effectively a straight line), if the edge length is fixed.
Britain's Next Big Thing
Britain's Next Big Thing (previously known as The Buying Game) is a 2011 BBC television series hosted by Theo Paphitis, previously on Dragon's Den. The show went behind closed doors at three major UK retailers – Liberty department store, and featured the patent diamond lingerie suspenders from Harlette DeFalaise and Harlette 
episode 1   . Boots pharmacy, and Habitat furniture store – to show how members of the public pitched their products to experienced buyers.

Dragons' Den (British TV programme)
Dragons' Den is a British reality television business programme, presented by Evan Davis and based upon the original Japanese series. The show allows several entrepreneurs an opportunity to present their varying business ideas to a panel of five wealthy investors, the "Dragons" of the show's title, and pitch for financial investment while offering a stake of the company in return.

The first episode was broadcast on BBC Two on 4 January 2005. After 16 series on the channel, the show has been broadcast on BBC One since 2021. Reruns of previous episodes are still broadcast on BBC Two. The programme is produced by BBC Studios Factual Entertainment Productions and co-produced with Sony Pictures Television International, the owners of the format that is distributed worldwide. The show was also broadcast by UKTV channel Dave during the daytime and late nights between 2007 and 2013.
Olsker
Olsker is a small community in the north of Bornholm island, Denmark. It is situated in Olsker parish, some 3.5 km south of Allinge and 2.5 km from Tejn. As of 2009, it has 67 inhabitants. It is known for having the highest of the island's four round churches, Sankt Ols Kirke, from which it takes its name. Olsker also has  Bornholm Cable substation. Views from Olsker include that of the Baltic Sea, Christianso island, and two other islands.

Tejn
Tejn is a harbour town on the north-eastern coast of the Danish island of Bornholm, 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Allinge-Sandvig. As of 1 January 2025, it has a population of 771. Initially a fishing village, it grew considerably during the 20th century as the harbour was enlarged on several occasions. The local fishing industry reached its peak in the 1970s and 1980s but has since decreased, with negative implications for the town's activities.
Chiropetalum berterianum
Chiropetalum berterianum is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a sub-shrub endemic to Chile, where it is distributed from the Atacama to the Araucania regions. It is one of the four species in the genus Chiropetalum that are present in Chile, alongside Chiropetalum canescens, Chiropetalum cremnophilum and Chiropetalum tricuspidatum.

Chiropetalum cremnophilum
Chiropetalum cremnophilum is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a sub-shrub endemic to Chile, where it is distributed along the northern regions of Antofagasta, Atacama and Coquimbo.
Ghostbusters (franchise)
The Ghostbusters franchise consists of American supernatural comedies, based on an original concept created by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis in 1984. The premise follows a group of eccentric New York City parapsychologists who investigate and eliminate ghosts, paranormal manifestations, demigods, and demons. The franchise has expanded with licensed action figures, books, comics, video games, television series, theme park attractions, and other branded merchandise. Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson and Annie Potts are the only actors to have appeared in all five films in the Ghostbusters franchise.

Reboot (fiction)
In serial fiction, a reboot is a new start to an established fictional universe, work, or series. A reboot usually discards continuity to re-create its characters, plotlines and backstory from the beginning. It has been described as a way to "rebrand" or "restart an entertainment universe that has already been established".

Another definition of a reboot is a remake which is part of an established film series or other media franchise. The term has been criticized for being a vague and "confusing" "buzzword", and a neologism for remake, a concept which has been losing popularity since the 2010s. William Proctor proposes that there is a distinction between reboots, remakes and retcons.
Namibiocyon
Namibiocyon is an extinct genus of carnivoran mammals, belonging to the family Amphicyonidae ("bear dogs"), that lived in Namibia during the Early Miocene epoch. Before the erection of this taxon in 2022, the type and only species, N. ginsburgi, had been assigned to a variety of other genera. It is notable for its adaptions toward hypercarnivory.

Amphicyon
Amphicyon is an extinct genus of large carnivorans belonging to the family Amphicyonidae (known colloquially as "bear-dogs"), subfamily Amphicyoninae, from the Miocene epoch. Members of this family received their vernacular name for possessing bear-like and dog-like features. They ranged over North America, Eurasia, and Africa.
Port William Inshore Rescue Service
Port William Inshore Rescue Service (PIRSAC) is located at the harbour in Port William, a village on the western shore of the Machars Peninsula, approximately 23 miles (37 km) south-east of Stranraer, in Dumfries and Galloway, historically Wigtownshire, on the south-west coast of Scotland.

An independent search and rescue (SAR) service was established by a local committee in 1978, becoming operational on 20 June 1979.

The service currently operates a 6.5 m (21 ft) Ribcraft Rigid inflatable boat, with twin Suzuki 90-hp engines, on station since 2015.

Port William Inshore Rescue Service is a registered charity (No. SC027347), and a member of the National Independent Lifeboats Association (NILA).

Machars
The Machars (Scottish Gaelic: Machair Ghallghaidhealaibh) is a peninsula in the historical county of Wigtownshire in Galloway in the south-west of Scotland.  Its name (in Scots and English) is derived from the Gaelic word Machair meaning low-lying or level land, known as "links" on the east coast of Scotland.  Although there are no high peaks in The Machars, it is not flat and would best be described as undulating or rolling, and is home to hills such as Cairnsmore of Fleet and Merrick Hill. The North Atlantic Drift or Gulf Stream creates a mild climate, and dolphins and basking sharks are frequently seen in the seas.
National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
National Institute of Technology Durgapur (also known as NIT Durgapur or NITDGP), formerly known as Regional Engineering College, Durgapur (also known as REC Durgapur or RECDGP), is a public technical university  in the city of Durgapur in West Bengal, India. Founded in 1960, it is one of India's oldest technical universities. It is located on a campus of 187 acres (0.75 km²).

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Nantes slave trade
The Nantes slave trade resulted in the deportation, from the late 17th to the beginning of the 19th century, of more than 500,000 black African slaves into French ownership in the Americas, mainly in the Antilles. With 1,744 slave voyages, Nantes, France, was the principal French slave-trading port for the duration of this period. 
The slave trade was explicitly encouraged by the royal family and described by the church as an "ordinary occupation."

The town was the last centre for slave trade in France, until the abolishment of the practice in 1831, with the prohibition of the slave trade.

Louis XIV's East India Company
Louis XIV's East India Company (French: Compagnie des Indes orientales) was a joint-stock company founded in the Kingdom of France in August 1664 to engage in trade in India and other Asian lands, complementing the French West India Company (French: Compagnie des Indes occidentales) created three months before. It was one of several successive enterprises with similar names, a sequence started with Henry IV's first French East Indies Company in 1604 and continued with Cardinal Richelieu's Compagnie d'Orient in 1642. Planned by Jean-Baptiste Colbert to compete with the English East India Company and Dutch East India Company,: 24  it was chartered by King Louis XIV for the purpose of trading in the Eastern Hemisphere.

Louis XIV's company became insolvent and was reorganized in 1685, and was again bankrupt in 1706. In 1719, what remained of it was acquired by John Law's Company, which in 1723 became the French Indies Company active during much of the 18th century.
Baron de Binder (1782 ship)
Baron de Binder (or Baron Bender) was launched in 1782. She made two voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. Then in 1793, she became the privateer Duguay-Trouin. After one cruise, the French Navy requisitioned her, and she served as a corvette for almost three years. The navy returned her to her owners, who sailed her as a privateer again. In 1798. the British Royal Navy captured her.

Saint-Malo
Saint-Malo (UK: /sæ̃ ˈmɑːloʊ/, US: /ˌsæ̃ məˈloʊ/, French: [sɛ̃ malo] ⓘ; Gallo: Saent-Malô; Breton: Sant-Maloù) is a historic French port commune in Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany.

The walled city on the English Channel coast has a long history of piracy, earning much wealth from local extortion and overseas adventures. In 1944, during World War II, the Allies heavily bombed Saint-Malo. The city became a popular tourist centre, with a ferry terminal serving the Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey, as well as the Southern English settlements of Portsmouth, Hampshire and Poole, Dorset.

The transatlantic single-handed yacht race Route du Rhum, which takes place every four years in November, is between Saint Malo and Pointe-à-Pitre in Guadeloupe.
Xi Ceti
The Bayer designation Xi Ceti (ξ Cet / ξ Ceti) is shared by two star systems, in the constellation Cetus:

ξ1 Ceti

ξ2 Ceti

All of them were member of asterism 天囷 (Tiān Qūn), Circular Celestial Granary, Stomach mansion.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Hayes v R
Nicola Bronwyn Hayes v The Queen is a decision of the Supreme Court of New Zealand issued on 15 February 2008.  It considered the meaning of 'pecuniary advantage' in s 228 (and the former s 229A) of the Crimes Act 1961.  The court further considered whether a belief one was acting honestly needed to be objectively reasonable for the purposes of these sections.

Andrew Tipping
Sir Andrew Patrick Charles Tipping (/ændru tɪpɪŋ/; born 22 August 1942) is a New Zealand jurist who served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New Zealand from 2004 until his retirement in 2012. He is New Zealand's longest-serving judge, serving on the bench for 25 years. Tipping was also a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. His tenure as a jurist has been widely acclaimed and his contributions to the shaping of New Zealand law are considered to be substantial and permanent.
Capannoli
Capannoli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Florence and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Pisa.

Capannoli borders the following municipalities: Casciana Terme Lari, Palaia, Peccioli, Ponsacco, Pontedera, Terricciola. The town of Santo Pietro Belvedere is included in the municipality of Capannoli.

Peccioli
Peccioli (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpɛttʃoli]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 50 kilometres (31 miles) southwest of Florence and about 30 km (19 miles) southeast of Pisa.
USS Betelgeuse (AK-260)
USS Betelgeuse (AK-260) was the last of the Greenville Victory-class cargo ships in service in the United States Navy. On 10 April 1944, it was renamed the SS Colombia Victory after being launched as a Victory ship to carry cargo during World War II.  She was transferred to the US Navy in 1951.

Victory ship
The Victory ship is a ship class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by American shipyards during World War II. They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship, were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines, giving higher speed to allow participation in high-speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats.  A total of 534 Victory ships were built in between 1944 and 1946.
Lakeba State
The Lakeba State denotes the first Lauan state in what is now Lau Province, Fiji.

It was first controlled by Lakeba. They were then consolidated by the Cei-e-kena Dynasty by the end of the 17th century. This included the following southern Lau Islands:

Kabara and its dependencies, Vuaqava, Marabo, Tavunasici, Komo, Fiji and Namuka

Fulaga and its dependencies, Ogea Levu and Ogea Driki

Ono-i-Lau and its dependency Vatoa

Oneata

Moce

Vuaqava
Vuaqava (pronounced [βuaŋˈɡaβa]) is an outlier to Kabara, 5 kilometers to the SSW, in Fiji's Southern Lau Group. It occupies an area of 8.1 km2.  This limestone island has a maximum altitude of 107 meters.  The island is uninhabited but visited by fishermen.

The limestone belongs to the Koroqara Limestone (Tokalau Limestone Group) and is probably Late Miocene in age.  It is mostly fragmental in nature but true reef occurs along much of the south coast.  The interior basin is occupied by the largest lake in Fiji, area 121 ha.  There is an emerged notch 1 m above lake level.
Culet (armour)
A culet (also spelled culette) is a piece of plate armour consisting of small, horizontal lames that protect the small of the back or the buttocks. Usually a skirt of chain mail or a mail brayette was worn underneath.

This armour was also referred to as a garde de rein or garde rein, or hoguine.

Lame (armor)
A lame is a solid piece of sheet metal used as a component of a larger section of plate armor used in Europe during the medieval period. It is used in armors to provide articulations or the joining of the armor elements. The size is usually small with a narrow and rectangular shape. Multiple lames are riveted together or connected by leather straps or cloth lacing to form an articulated piece of armor that provides flexible protection. The armor worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan used lames in the construction of many of their individual armor parts. The Japanese term is ita, which can both refer to the lame or its borderings.
State Highway 47 (New Zealand)
State Highway 47 (SH 47) is a New Zealand state highway in the central North Island. It provides a link from SH 4 at National Park to SH 41 at Tokaanu just west of Tūrangi.

For its entire length, SH 47 is a single carriageway road with one lane in each direction and at-grade intersections and property accesses. There are no significant towns on the route. The New Zealand Transport Agency classifies the section of SH 47 as an arterial route south of the SH 46 intersection and a primary collector route north of the SH 46 intersection.

State Highway 4 (New Zealand)
State Highway 4 is the shortest of New Zealand's eight national highways. It runs north-south across rugged hill country, forming a short cut between two points on State Highway 3 thereby avoiding Taranaki and the coasts of the North and South Taranaki Bights. Distances are measured from north to south.

For most of its length SH4 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas. The NZ Transport Agency (NZTA) classifies SH 4 as a primary collector road, except between National Park (SH 47) and Tohunga Junction (SH 49) where it is classified an arterial road.
Mark A. Lemmon
Mark Andrew Lemmon FRS (born 1964) is an English-born biochemist and the Alfred Gilman Professor and Department Chair of Pharmacology at Yale University where he also directs the Cancer Biology Institute.

American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) is a learned society that was founded on December 26, 1906, at a meeting organized by John Jacob Abel (Johns Hopkins University). The roots of the society were in the American Physiological Society, which had been formed some 20 years earlier. ASBMB is the US member of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

The ASBMB was originally called the American Society of Biological Chemists, before obtaining its current name in 1987. The society is based in Rockville, Maryland. ASBMB's mission is to advance the science of biochemistry and molecular biology through publication of scientific and educational journals, the organization of scientific meetings, advocacy for funding of basic research and education, support of science education at all levels, and by promoting the diversity of individuals entering the scientific workforce. The organization currently has over 12,000 members.