hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Early Morning Spire
Early Morning Spire is an 8,200-foot (2,499-metre) mountain summit located in North Cascades National Park, in Skagit County of Washington state. The peak lies 0.29 mi (0.47 km) west-northwest of Dorado Needle, 1.05 mi (1.69 km) north-northwest of Eldorado Peak and 1.08 mi (1.74 km) southeast of Perdition Peak. It can be seen from  the North Cascades Highway, west of Marblemount at a road pullout alongside the Skagit River. The first ascent of the peak was made in 1971 by Richard Emerson and Tom Hornbein via the Southwest Face. They made a chilly bivouac near the summit, which is how the peak's name came to be. Precipitation runoff  from the mountain drains into Marble Creek, a tributary of the Cascade River.

Yosemite Decimal System
The Yosemite Decimal System (YDS) is a five-part grading system used for rating the difficulty of rock climbing routes in the United States and Canada. It was first devised by members of the Sierra Club in Southern California in the 1950s as a refinement of earlier systems from the 1930s, and quickly spread throughout North America.
Rockhouse Cliffs Rockshelters
The Rockhouse Cliffs Rockshelters (12PE98 and 12PE100) are a pair of rockshelters in the far southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana.  Located amid broken terrain in the Hoosier National Forest, the shelters may have been inhabited for more than ten thousand years by peoples ranging from the Early Archaic period until the twentieth century.  As a result of their extensive occupation and their remote location, they are important and well-preserved archaeological sites and have been named a historic site.

Hoosier National Forest
The Hoosier National Forest is a property managed by the United States Forest Service in the hills of southern Indiana. Composed of four separate sections, each of which has many parcels, it has a total area of 204,303 acres (827 km2; 319 sq mi). Hoosier National Forest's headquarters are located in Bedford, with a regional office in Tell City. Prominent places within the Forest include the Lick Creek Settlement Site, the Potts Creek Rockshelter Archeological Site, and the Jacob Rickenbaugh House.
2009 Delray Beach International Tennis Championships
The 2009 Delray Beach International Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the Delray Beach International Tennis Championships, and was part of the International Series of the 2009 ATP Tour. It took place at the Delray Beach Tennis Center in Delray Beach, Florida, United States, from February 23 through March 1, 2009.

The field was headlined by ATP No. 21 and San Jose finalist Mardy Fish, Auckland finalist Sam Querrey, and 2008 Moscow titlist Igor Kunitsyn. Other top seeds competing were Ernests Gulbis, Steve Darcis, Florent Serra, Jérémy Chardy and Lu Yen-hsun.

First-seeded Mardy Fish won the singles title.

2009 ATP World Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the ATP. The 2009 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the ATP World Team Championship, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2009 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points, and is organised by the ITF.
Ceelys on the James
Ceelys on the James was a plantation on the James River in Virginia, built in 1706 by Colonel William Wilson.

Wilson's daughter, Mary, married Colonel Miles Cary, Jr. of Richneck Plantation. Sally Cary, who married George William Fairfax, and Sarah Cary, who married Bryan Fairfax were born there.

Located 3 or 4 miles from Hampton, it was destroyed during the Civil War.

Bryan Fairfax, 8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron
Bryan Fairfax, 8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (August 11, 1736 – August 7, 1802) was an American planter and clergyman. He was a lifelong friend of George Washington and became the first member of the British peerage to be born in North America after travelling to England and claiming the peerage there. Fairfax was the first cousin once removed of Robert Fairfax, 7th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. He lived in Virginia for his entire life, and was the grandson of Henry Fairfax, a son of Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. However, it was not until 1800 that he was confirmed in the title by the House of Lords.
Prathigne
Prathigne (pronunciationⓘ transl. Oath or Vow) is a 1964 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by B. S. Ranga and produced by B. S. Ranga. The film stars Rajkumar, K. S. Ashwath, Narasimharaju and Ganapathi Bhat. The film has musical score by S. Hanumantha Rao. This was the first movie in which Rajkumar played the role of a doctor on-screen.

B. S. Ranga
Bindiganavile Srinivas Iyengar Ranga (11 November 1917 – 12 December 2010) was an Indian photographer, actor, producer and director who has made many landmark movies in Kannada, Telugu, and Tamil. He was also the owner of Vikram Studios. He has directed and produced about 87 films in these three languages with a maximum of 18 films in Kannada alone starring matinee idol Dr. Rajkumar.
Arturo Sandoval
Arturo Sandoval (born November 6, 1949) is a Cuban-American jazz trumpeter, pianist, timbalero, and composer. While living in his native Cuba, Sandoval was influenced by jazz musicians Charlie Parker, Clifford Brown, and Dizzy Gillespie. In 1977 he met Gillespie, who became his friend and mentor and helped him defect from Cuba while on tour with the United Nation Orchestra. Sandoval became an American naturalized citizen in 1998. His life was the subject of the film For Love or Country: The Arturo Sandoval Story (2000) starring Andy García.

Sandoval, a 2024  Kennedy Center Honors recipient, has won 10 Grammy Awards, Billboard Awards and one Emmy Award. He has performed at the White House and at the Super Bowl (1995).

GRP All-Star Big Band
The GRP All-Star Big Band was a contemporary big band assembled in the late 1980s by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen, the founders of GRP Records. The band played new arrangements of popular jazz pieces from the 1950s and 1960s.

Its albums GRP All-Star Big Band and Dave Grusin Presents GRP All-Star Big Band Live! were nominated for Grammys, and its album All Blues won the 1995 Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album.
Kamal Ahmed (music director)
Kamal Ahmed (20 April 1937 – 22 July 1997) was a Pakistani film music director. He has the second-highest number of film scores of more than 100 Urdu movies, after M. Ashraf who did more than 250 Urdu movies as a music director. Kamal won 6 'Best Musician' Nigar Awards during his long film career.

Masood Rana
Masood Rana 
(Urdu: مسعُود رانا; 6 August 1941 – 4 October 1995) was a Pakistani film playback singer. He began his singing career in 1962 with the film Inqalab, became one of the top male singers in Urdu and Punjabi films for more than three decades and remained a busy singer until his death in 1995.

Rana still holds the record for singing over 300 film songs each in Urdu and Punjabi, a record he shared with Ahmed Rushdi and Noor Jehan.
NSW Architecture Medallion
The NSW Architecture Medallion is a state–based award presented annually by the New South Wales Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects for a building project located in New South Wales considered to be the most exemplary of the year, realising innovation and excellence in the built environment. The award is selected by the Jury Chairs from the named awards winners. It is not be confused with the NSW Architects Medallion awarded by the NSW Architecture Registration Board since 1924 to an outstanding recent Masters of Architecture graduate from a New South Wales university.

Canberra Medallion
The Canberra Medallion is an annual architecture award presented by the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects. It is regarded as the highest award at the annual ACT architecture awards.
2007 NCAA Division I Women's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2007 NCAA Women's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested at the 26th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I women's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

This year's events were hosted by the University of Minnesota at the University Aquatic Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Defending champions Auburn again topped the team standings, finishing 58 points (535−477) ahead of Arizona. This was the Tigers' fifth women's team title and fifth in six seasons.

NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except 2020.

The meet is typically held on the second-to-last weekend (Thursday-Saturday) in March.

The swimming-portion of the meet takes place in a 25-yard pool, except in 2000 and 2004 which swam in a 25-meter course.

Stanford have been the most successful program, with 11 national titles.

Virginia are the reigning national champions, winning their fifth national title in 2025.
Great Waldingfield
Great Waldingfield is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district of Suffolk, England about two miles (3 km) north-east of Sudbury and two miles (3 km) south-west of its sister village, Little Waldingfield. The village is split into two separate parts; the older and smaller part around St Lawrence’s Church, and the newer and larger section along the B1115 road between Sudbury and Lavenham. Most of the houses in the newer section were built after World War II, including much council housing. The parish also includes the hamlets of Upsher Green and part of Washmere Green. The population is estimated to be 1,460, reducing to 1,431 at the 2011 Census.

The village hall was the normal location of the halfway feeding station on the Dunwich Dynamo overnight bicycle ride until 2010, whilst an episode of Lovejoy ("Fruit of the Dessert") was filmed in the village.

Babergh District
52°02′53″N 0°56′53″E﻿ / ﻿52.048°N 0.948°E﻿ / 52.048; 0.948

Babergh District (pronounced /ˈbeɪbə/, BAY-bə) is a local government district in Suffolk, England. In 2021 it had a population of 92,300. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just two towns, Sudbury and Hadleigh. The council was based in Hadleigh until 2017, when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Mid Suffolk District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. The district is named after the medieval Babergh Hundred, which covered part of the area.

The district includes parts of two designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Dedham Vale, known for its association with painter John Constable, and Suffolk Coast and Heaths.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Mid Suffolk, West Suffolk, Braintree, Colchester and Tendring.
Yu-4 torpedo
Yu-4 (鱼-4) torpedo is the Chinese development of the Russian SAET-50 ASuW passive acoustic homing torpedo, and it is the Russian SAET-50 torpedo incorporating active acoustic homing guidance.  Yu-4 torpedo is often erroneously claimed by many sources as the Chinese version of the SAET-60 acoustic homing torpedo, but Soviets had not completed the development of SAET-60 and only fielded the weapon in 1961, by then the relationship between former-Soviet Union and China had already worsened and China had not received any technical assistance on SAET-60 torpedo.  The background of the development of Yu-4 torpedo is identical to that of Yu-1 torpedo and Yu-2 torpedo.

Yu-1 torpedo
The Yu-1 (鱼-1) torpedo was the first Chinese-built steam-powered torpedo; it was a development of the unguided straight-running Soviet ASuW Type 53 torpedo. It was type classified in September 1971. The Yu-1 was actually the second domestically produced torpedo to enter Chinese service; the first was the Yu-2 torpedo. During the 1980s a version was developed with  passive acoustic homing designated the Yu-1A.
Julia Tashjian
Julia H. Tashjian (June 8, 1938 – May 9, 2013) was an American politician.

Born in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Tashjian moved with her family to Connecticut and went to school in Hartford, Connecticut. She lived in Windsor, Connecticut from 1966 until her death. Tashjian was a member of the Democratic Party. Tashjian served as the Secretary of State of Connecticut from 1983 to 1991, losing her 1990 reelection campaign to Republican Party nominee Pauline R. Kezer. Tashjian ran again for Secretary of State in 1994 but lost the Democratic primary to Miles S. Rapoport.

Secretary of the State of Connecticut
The secretary of the state of Connecticut is one of the constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Connecticut. (The definite article is part of the legal job title.) It is an elected position in the state government and has a term length of four years.

The current secretary of the state is Stephanie Thomas, a Democrat who has held the office since January 2023 after defeating Republican opponent Dominic Rapini in the 2022 general election.

The Secretary of the State's Office is composed of two divisions:

The Legislation and Elections Administration Division, which administers elections and ensures compliance with state and federal election laws. This division is also responsible for maintaining governmental records, administering the Seal of Connecticut, and licensing notaries public.

The Commercial Recording Division, which charters corporations and other business entities, registers trademarks, service marks, and liens under the Uniform Commercial Code, and issues apostilles.
Elections in South Sudan
South Sudan has never had a national election. However the most recent sub-national election was in 2010 for the presidency of the regional government of Southern Sudan and for the bicameral, 170-member Legislative Assembly.

Voting Age limit is 18 years old and above.

2010 Southern Sudanese general election
Regional elections were held in Southern Sudan between 11 and 15 April 2010 as part of the Sudanese general election. The result was a victory for Salva Kiir of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement, who received almost 93% of the vote. The winners of these elections would later continue in office upon South Sudan's independence after a referendum in 2011.

As of 2025, these are the last South Sudanese elections.
East Indonesia Mujahideen
The East Indonesia Mujahideen (Indonesian: Mujahidin Indonesia Timur; abbreviated MIT) was an Islamist militant group operating out of Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The group was led by Abu Wardah (also known as Santoso) until he was killed by Indonesian police on 18 July 2016. After the death of Santoso, the group was led by Ali Kalora until he was killed on 18 September 2021. The group has pledged allegiance to the Islamic State.

MIT was proscribed by the United Nations Security Council under the Al-Qaeda Sanctions Committee on 29 September 2015. The U.S. Department of State has designated MIT as a terrorist organisation.

MIT has largely carried out its operations within Sulawesi but has threatened to attack targets across Indonesia. The group's operations have typically avoided operations that would cause civilian casualties, but was reportedly involved in clashes between Muslims and Christians in Maluku province between 1999 and 2002.

Detachment 88
Counterterrorism Special Detachment 88 (Indonesian: Detasemen Khusus 88 Antiteror), or Densus 88, is an Indonesian National Police counter-terrorism squad formed on 30 June 2003, after the 2002 Bali bombings. It is funded, equipped, and trained by the United States through the Diplomatic Security Service's Antiterrorism Assistance Program and Australia.

The unit has worked with considerable success against the jihadi terrorist cells linked to Central Java–based Islamist movement Jemaah Islamiyah.
Raul Baptista
Raul Baptista (born 29 July 1911) was a Portuguese footballer who played as a half-back.

Starting at Barreirense, where he spent seven years, Baptista achieved recognition at Benfica, appearing in nearly 100 games and winning four major titles.

1939–40 Taça de Portugal
The 1939–40 Taça de Portugal was the second season of the Taça de Portugal (English: Portuguese Cup), the premier Portuguese football knockout competition, organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). Académica de Coimbra was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Boavista. The final was played on 7 July 1940 between S.L. Benfica and Belenenses.
History of Azad Kashmir
The history of Azad Kashmir, a disputed part of the Kashmir region currently administered by Pakistan, is related to the history of the Kashmir region during the Dogra rule. Azad Kashmir borders the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west respectively, Gilgit–Baltistan to the north, and the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the east. The region is claimed by India and has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

Christopher Snedden
Christopher Snedden is an Australian political scientist and author. He has studied and published on the long-running Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan. In his book, The Untold Story of the People of Azad Kashmir (2012), he proposed that the origins of the Kashmir dispute lay in the protests and eventual rebellion by the Kashmiri people of Poonch and Mirpur against Maharaja Hari Singh, and not in the subsequent invasion of Kashmir by Pashtun tribal militias from the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan.
Miss World Malaysia 2022
Miss World Malaysia 2022, the 54th edition of the Miss World Malaysia pageant, was held at Sipadan Hall, Sabah International Convention Centre, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

Miss World Malaysia 2021, Dr. Lavanya Sivaji crowned her successor, Wenanita Angang at the end of the event. She represented Malaysia at Miss World 2023 pageant.

Miss World 2023
Miss World 2023 was the 71st edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Jio World Convention Centre in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, on 9 March 2024.

At the end of the event, Krystyna Pyszková of the Czech Republic was crowned by the previous winner Karolina Bielawska of Poland. This is the second win by the Czech Republic at the pageant.

Contestants from 112 countries and territories competed in the pageant. The pageant was co-hosted by Karan Johar and Miss World 2013, Megan Young. Shaan, Neha Kakkar, Tony Kakkar, and Miss World 2019 Toni-Ann Singh performed in this edition.
Seafield, Edinburgh
Seafield is a coastal strip situated on the Firth of Forth between Leith and Portobello in north-east Edinburgh, Scotland. The area is mainly commercial, and has little housing. A masterplan was launched in 2024 to redevelop the area into a housing-led mixed-use scheme.

The area is home to Edinburgh Dog and Cat Home, which cares for around 150 of Edinburgh and the Lothians' lost and abandoned cats and dogs. The Lothian Buses Marine depot is also located in Seafield.

The Eastern General Hospital was based here until being demolished in 2008. Its maternity unit served North East Edinburgh and the Borders until 1997.

Since the 1970s, the main sewage treatment works for Edinburgh has been located at Seafield, built on reclaimed land to the east of the Port of Leith.

Portobello, Edinburgh
Portobello is a coastal suburb of Edinburgh in eastern central Scotland. It lies 3 miles (5 km) east of the city centre, facing the Firth of Forth, between the suburbs of Joppa and Craigentinny. Although historically it was a town in its own right, it is officially a residential suburb of Edinburgh. The promenade fronts onto a wide sandy beach.
Maera (Arcadia)
Maera or Maira (Ancient Greek: Μαῖρα) was a town in ancient Arcadia.There was a tradition that indicated that there was the tomb of Meara, daughter or descendant of Atlas, according to Greek mythology, though a different tradition said that Maera, the daughter of Atlas, had been buried in Tegea.

Pausanias places Maera on one of the roads between Mantineia and Orchomenus, and indicates that its ruins were thirty stadia from the ruins of Ptolis, which was the original site where Mantineia had been built.

Mantinea
Mantinea (/ˌmæntəˈniːə/; Greek: Μαντίνεια Mantineia; also Koine Greek Ἀντιγόνεια Antigoneia) was a city in ancient Arcadia, Greece, which was the site of two significant battles in Classical Greek history.

In modern times it is a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Tripoli, of which it is a municipal unit. Its seat was the village of Nestani (pop. 486 in 2011). It is located in the northeastern part of Arcadia. The municipal unit has a land area of 205.393 km2 and a population of 1,693 inhabitants (2021). Its largest other towns are Artemisio, Loukas, and Kapsas.
Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals
Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals (AWAC) is a subsidiary of Alcoa. AWAC's business is the mining of bauxite, the extraction of alumina (aluminium oxide) and the smelting of aluminium. It has about 25% of the global alumina market.

Aluminium smelting
Aluminium smelting is the process of extracting aluminium from its oxide, alumina, generally by the Hall-Héroult process. Alumina is extracted from the ore bauxite by means of the Bayer process at an alumina refinery.

This is an electrolytic process, so an aluminium smelter uses huge amounts of electric power; smelters tend to be located close to large power stations, often hydro-electric ones, in order to hold down costs and reduce the overall carbon footprint. Smelters are often located near ports, since many smelters use imported alumina.
Fontbonne Hall Academy
Fontbonne Hall is an all-girls, private, Roman Catholic high school in Brooklyn, New York, United States. Established in 1937 by the Sisters of St. Joseph,
 it is located within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn.

In 2013, celebrating its 75th year, school leadership noted that throughout its history, Fontbonne had educated nearly 10,000 women who “have become noted doctors, lawyers, engineers, leaders in business and the arts, educators, mothers, and even, like Sister Ita Ford, class of 1957, martyrs for their cause.”

Making reference to the boroughs of New York City, Fontbonne's students predominantly come from southwest Brooklyn, southern Queens, and Staten Island.

Diocese of Brooklyn
The Diocese of Brooklyn (Latin: Diœcesis Bruklyniensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the state of New York. It is headquartered in Brooklyn and its territory encompasses the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens. Brooklyn is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of New York. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral Basilica of St. James in Downtown Brooklyn and its co-cathedral is the Co-Cathedral of St. Joseph in Prospect Heights. Brooklyn is one of the few dioceses in the United States that is made up of 100% urban territory. The bishop is Robert J. Brennan.