hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thirty Years' War outside Europe
This article refers to the interconnected military, naval, economic, and informational developments that occurred outside Europe during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648).
Although the conflict is traditionally portrayed as a Central European and intra-imperial war, several Atlantic, African, and Asian theatres significantly influenced its outcome. These overseas dimensions involved mainly the pro-Habsburg and Catholic Iberian Union (Spain and Portugal) against the anti-Hasburg and Protestant coalition (Dutch Republic, England, and various chartered trading companies), whose colonial rivalries reshaped the economic foundations of European states engaged in the war and were intimately related in the diplomatic and strategical area. This generally involved skirmishes and naval blockades (mainly to seizure colonial outposts or trade ships) rather than large and pitched battles.

Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca—a city on the Malay Peninsula—spanned a 130 year period from 1511 to 1641 as a possession of the Portuguese East Indies. It was captured from the Malacca Sultanate as part of Portuguese attempts to gain control of trade in the region. Although multiple attempts to conquer it were repulsed, the city was eventually lost to an alliance of Dutch and regional forces, thus beginning a period of Dutch rule.
Nicholas Payton
Nicholas Payton (born September 26, 1973) is an American trumpet player and multi-instrumentalist. A Grammy Award winner, he is from New Orleans, Louisiana. He is also a writer who comments on subjects including music, race, politics, and life in America.

Sinfonieorchester Basel
The Sinfonieorchester Basel (Symphony Orchestra Basel; Swiss abbreviation SOB) is a symphony orchestra based in Basel, Switzerland. Its principal concert venue is the Musiksaal of the Stadtcasino. In addition, the orchestra accompanies ballet and opera productions with Theater Basel.
Qiangma
Qiangma, also Qangma or Qiangmazhen (Chinese: 强玛镇) is a small town and township-level division of Amdo County in the Nagqu Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region, in China. It is located just south of Zi Getangcuo Lake, 90.7 kilometres (56.4 mi) southwest of Amdo Town. It covers an area of 5,467 square kilometres (2,111 sq mi) and as  of 2004 it had a population of about 1700.  The principal economic activity is animal husbandry, pastoral yak, goat, sheep, and so on.

Amdo County
Amdo County (Tibetan: ཨ་མདོ་རྫོང་; Chinese: 安多县) is a county within Nagqu of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The county covers an area of 43,410.85 square kilometres and is dominated by mainly by Tibetan grassland. In 2000 it had a population of 32,843 .

Its capital is Amdo Town, north of Lhasa. It contains the Amdo railway station on the new railway from Golmud to Lhasa.  There is a major rail depot 3 km (1.9 mi) west of the town. Cona Lake lies to the southwest of the town of Amdo.
Thomas Trilleck
Thomas Trilleck (died December 1372) was a medieval Bishop of Rochester.

Trilleck was the nephew of Adam Orleton, Bishop of Hereford and younger brother of John Trilleck, also a Bishop of Hereford. The Trilleck family originated in the village of Trelleck, near Monmouth.

Trilleck was appointed Dean of Hereford in 1352 until 1361, and then served as Dean of St Paul's from 1362 to 1364.

Trilleck was nominated as Bishop of Rochester on 6 March 1364 and consecrated on 26 May 1364. He died between 12 December and 25 December 1372.

Dean of Hereford
The Dean of Hereford is the head (primus inter pares – first among equals) and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Hereford Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of Blessed Virgin Mary and St Ethelbert in Hereford. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Hereford and seat of the Bishop of Hereford.
Nikkita Fountain
Nikkita Fountain (born 24 March 1984) is a Bahamian former professional tennis player.

Born in Nassau, Fountain appeared in a national record 36 Fed Cup ties for the Bahamas, winning 10 singles and 12 doubles rubbers. Debuting in 1999, she didn't feature in the side while at college between 2004 and 2007, then returned to the side and played until 2014. She competed in college tennis for Southern Nazarene University and Florida International University.

Fountain was a doubles gold medalist at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games, partnering Larika Russell. The final was decided by a third set match tie-break, which they mounted a comeback in to win 13–11 over their Dominican Republic opponents Daysi Espinal and Francesca Segarelli.

At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, Fountain was a quarter-finalist in the doubles and lost in the first round of the singles, to eighth seed Marina Erakovic of New Zealand.

Marina Erakovic
Marina Erakovic (/məˈrɪnə ɪˈrækəvɪtʃ/ mə-RIN-ə ih-RAK-ə-vitch; Croatian: Marina Eraković [marǐːna erǎːkoʋitɕ]; born 6 March 1988) is a former tennis player from New Zealand. She achieved career-high rankings of 39 in singles and 25 in doubles, and won a singles title (at Memphis in February 2013) and eight doubles titles on the WTA Tour.
Gmina Gołdap
Gmina Gołdap is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the town of Gołdap, which lies approximately 133 kilometres (83 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 361.73 square kilometres (139.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 19,918 (out of which the population of Gołdap amounts to 13,641, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,277).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Puszcza Romincka Landscape Park.

Gołdap
Gołdap (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔwdap] ⓘ; German: Goldap [ˈɡɔldap] ⓘ or variant Goldapp; Lithuanian: Geldupė, Geldapė, Galdapė) is a spa town in northeastern Poland, in the region of Masuria, seat of Gołdap County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. It is located on the Gołdapa River, between the Szeskie Hills, Gołdap Lake and the Puszcza Romincka forest. It has a population of 15,600 (as of 2007).
Isâad Bourahli
Isâad Bourahli (born 23 March 1974) is an Algerian former football player who plays as a striker. Bourahli spent most of his football career in ES Setif and USM Alger and won the league's top scorer in the 2000–01 season with ES Setif.

2006–07 Arab Champions League
The 2006–07 Arab Champions League saw the 4th edition of Arab Champions League. 32 teams represented Arab nations from Africa and Asia. ES Sétif of Algeria won the final against Al-Faisaly SC of Jordan.
Isnik Alimi
Isnik Alimi (Macedonian: Исник Алими; born 2 February 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Chinese Super League club Dalian Yingbo and for the North Macedonia national team. A former international for Macedonia U19, he played for the Albania U21 in a pair of friendlies before switching back to play for the North Macedonia national team in 2023.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Europe in Law Association
Europe in Law Association (ELA) (Armenian: Իրավունքի Եվրոպա ասոցիացիան, romanized: Iravunk’i Yevropa asots’iats’ian) is a human rights non-governmental organization in Armenia. It was founded in 2011 and is headquartered in Yerevan.

Government of Armenia
The Government of the Republic of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության Կառավարություն) or the executive branch of the Armenian government is an executive council of government ministers in Armenia. It is one of the three main governmental branches of Armenia and is headed by the Prime Minister of Armenia.
Giambattista Gelli
Giambattista Gelli (12 August 1498 – 24 July 1563) was a Florentine man of letters, from an artisan background. Gelli was a shoemaker, and he used to publish dialogues. He is known for his works of the 1540s, Capricci del bottaio and La Circe, which are ethical and philosophical dialogues. Other works were the plays La sporta (1543) and L'errore (1556). He became a member of the Accademia Fiorentina on 25 December 1540.

In his historical writings, Gelli was influenced by the late 15th-century forgeries of Annio da Viterbo, which purported to provide evidence from ancient texts to show that Tuscany had been founded by Noah and his descendants after the Deluge.

Annius of Viterbo
Annius of Viterbo (Latin: Joannes Annius Viterb(i)ensis; 5 January 1437 – 13 November 1502) was an Italian Dominican friar, scholar, and historian, born Giovanni Nanni in Viterbo. He is now remembered for his fabrications.
Bay Area Bike to Work Day
Bay Area Bike to Work Day is an annual Bike-to-Work Day event held in the San Francisco Bay Area of the United States, encouraging and promoting bicycle commuting. The event is an initiative of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, and supported by local partners including the San Francisco Bicycle Coalition, Bike East Bay, Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition, Marin County Bicycle Coalition, Napa County Bicycle Coalition, and Sonoma County Bicycle Coalition. Up through 2019, the Bay Area celebration was a week earlier than the national US Bike to Work Day. After limited events in 2020-2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the date for 2022 onward was changed to the third Friday of May, to match the nationwide practice.

In 2018, nearly 100,000 people participated. In 2019, the event was held on May 9.

Bicycle safety
Bicycle safety is the use of  road traffic safety practices to reduce risk associated with cycling. Risk can be defined as the number of incidents occurring for a given amount of cycling. Some of this subject matter is hotly debated: for example, which types of cycling environment or cycling infrastructure is safest for cyclists. The merits of obeying the traffic laws and using bicycle lighting at night are less controversial. Wearing a bicycle helmet may reduce the chance of head injury in the event of a crash.

Most bicycling fatalities occur as a result of collision with a motor vehicle. Studies in multiple countries have found that drivers are at fault in the majority of these crashes.
Sonqor
Sonqor (Persian: سنقر) is a city in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is in the Zagros Mountains, about 90 kilometers from the province's capital city Kermanshah, and consists of two valleys; that of Gavehrud and Shajarud. Sonqor lies between the modern cities of Kangavar and Sanandaj.

Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (also French: Encyclopédie de l'Islam and German: Enzyklopädie des Islām; EI is a common abbreviation in all three languages) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam. It is published by Brill and provides information on various aspects of Islam and the Islamic world. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007.
UFC Fight Night: Oliveira vs. Gamrot
UFC Fight Night: Oliveira vs. Gamrot (also known as UFC Fight Night 261 and UFC on ESPN+ 119) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on October 11, 2025, at the Farmasi Arena, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Legacy Fighting Alliance
The Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA) is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company based in Houston, Texas. It was created as a result of the Legacy Fighting Championship and Resurrection Fighting Alliance merger in 2016.
USS Marblehead (1861)
USS Marblehead was a Unadilla-class gunboat built for the United States Navy during the American Civil War.

Marblehead was launched by George W. Jackman Jr., Newburyport, Massachusetts, 16 October 1861; and commissioned on 8 March 1862; Lieutenant Commander Somerville Nicholson in command.

Unadilla-class gunboat
The Unadilla class was a class of gunboat built for the Union Navy at the outbreak of the American Civil War. Ships of the class were also known as "90-day gunboats" due to their rapid construction. The class was designed to be fully oceangoing while having a light enough draft to be able to operate close inshore, for blockade duty or other operations in shallow waters.

Unadilla-class gunboats took part in many coastal and river operations, most notably as the bulk of the fleet which captured the vital Confederate port of New Orleans in April 1862. As blockade ships, the 23 vessels of the class captured or destroyed no fewer than 146 enemy blockade runners during the war— about 10 percent of the total number of Confederate blockade runners so neutralized.

The Unadilla class was sold off quickly by the Navy at the end of the war, most of them going into merchant service. Little is known about their subsequent careers.
Jesús Papoleto Meléndez
Jesús Papoleto Meléndez, also known as "Papo", or "Papoleto", (born June 13, 1950) is a New York-born Puerto Rican poet, playwright, teacher, and activist. He is a member of the Nuyorican Movement. He grew up during the Civil Rights Movement, Black Power movement, and the emergence of the Nuyorican Movement in East Harlem. His titles include the play The Junkies Stole the Clock (1974), and Hey Yo/Yo Soy! 40 Years of Nuyorican Street Poetry.

Pedro Pietri
Pedro Pietri (March 21, 1944 – March 3, 2004) was a Puerto Rican poet and playwright and one of the co-founders of the Nuyorican Movement. He was considered by some as the poet laureate of the Nuyorican Movement.
Carlos E. Santiago
Carlos Enrique Santiago (born December 7, 1952) is a Puerto Rican American labor economist and the Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Higher Education (MDHE). Previously he was the chancellor of the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee and the chief executive officer of the Hispanic College Fund.

Santiago is the author or co-author of six books and has published articles and book reviews, many of which focus on economic development and the changing socioeconomic status of Latinos in the United States. In 1996 and 2011, Santiago was named one of the 100 most influential Hispanics in the United States by Hispanic Business magazine.

University at Albany, SUNY
The State University of New York at Albany (also known as University at Albany, UAlbany, or SUNY Albany) is a public research university in Albany, New York, United States. Founded in 1844, it is one of four "university centers" of the State University of New York (SUNY) system. In 2024, the university enrolled 17,567 students in nine schools and colleges, which offer over 50 undergraduate majors and over 150 graduate degree programs. Portions of the campus extend into Guilderland, and the health sciences campus is located in neighboring Rensselaer, New York. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research spending and doctorate production". The research enterprise totaled expenditures of $115 million in fiscal year 2021 and was focused in four areas: social science, public law and policy, life sciences and atmospheric sciences. UAlbany is home to the New York State Writers Institute.
Mairtine
The Mairtine (Martini, Marthene, Muirtine, Maidirdine, Mhairtine) were an important people of late prehistoric Munster, Ireland who by early historical times appear to have completely vanished from the Irish political landscape. They are notable for their former capital, Medón Mairtine, becoming the chief church of the later Eóganachta, namely Emly.

Déisi
The Déisi were a social class in Ireland between the ancient and early medieval period. The various peoples listed under the heading déis shared a similar status in Gaelic Ireland, and had little or no actual kinship, though they were often thought of as genetically related. During the era of Roman rule in Britain, many members of the Déisi were recorded as settling in western British coastal areas (especially the areas known later as Wales, Cornwall and Devon).

During the early Middle Ages, some Déisi groups and subgroups exerted great political influence in various parts of Ireland. For instance, in Munster, a subgroup of Déisi constituted a regional kingdom, Déisi Muman which ruled modern day County Waterford and South Tipperary, and were part of the hegemony of the Eoganachta confederacy.
Lake Westwood (Tasmania)
Lake Westwood is a 35-hectare (86-acre) glacial lake in the Tyndalls peaks to the east of  Mount Read, in the West Coast Range, West Coast of Tasmania.

The lake is located south east of the Henty Gold Mine and it lies between Lake Julia and Lake Selina adjacent to the Anthony Road that travels between Tullah and Queenstown.  The features that separate the lakes are:

Anthony Road and Lake Selina (516m) is open ground

Lake Selina and Lake Westwood are separated by Moyle Rock (696m)

Lake Westwood and Lake Julia are separated by Lukes Knob (719m)

south of Lake Westwood is Julia Peak (918m) which is heavily forested on the south side

Queenstown, Tasmania
Queenstown is a historic mining town in the West Coast region of the island of Tasmania, Australia. It is in a valley on the western slopes of Mount Owen on the West Coast Range.

At the 2021 census, Queenstown had a population of 1,808 people.
Queensway Base
1°17′42.41″N 103°48′01.76″E﻿ / ﻿1.2951139°N 103.8004889°E﻿ / 1.2951139; 103.8004889

Queensway Base is the police installation that is home to the Special Operations Command (SOC), a front line department within the Singapore Police Force (SPF). It is situated directly across Queensway, and was formerly the Old Queenstown Police Station. Units such as the Police Tactical Unit, Special Tactics and Rescue (STAR) unit, Crisis Negotiation Unit (CNU), K-9 Unit and some SOC units are located here.

Singapore Police Force Crisis Negotiation Unit
The Crisis Negotiation Unit (CNU) is a specialist unit of the Singapore Police Force under the umbrella of the Special Operations Command. Its teams of specially trained police officers are called upon to defuse life-threatening situations through verbal crisis negotiation techniques for a non-violent resolution. Its precursor is the Negotiation Team which was involved in the Singapore Airlines Flight 117
Local government areas of Scotland (1975–1996)
The local government areas of Scotland were redefined by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 and redefined again by the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994.

The 1973 Act created a system of nine two-tier regions and three islands areas, and this system completely replaced local government counties and burghs in 1975. The new regions were generally very different from the counties which had been in use since  the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889. Also, the districts were very different from the subdivisions of counties, also called districts, which had been in use since the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929.

Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973
The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65) is an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that altered local government in Scotland on 16 May 1975.

The act followed and largely implemented the report of the Royal Commission on Local Government in Scotland in 1969 (the Wheatley Report), and it made the most far-reaching changes to Scottish local government in centuries. It swept away the counties, burghs and districts established by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947, which were largely based on units of local government dating from the Middle Ages, and replaced them with a uniform two-tier system of regional and district councils (except in the islands, which were given unitary, all-purpose councils).

In England and Wales, the Local Government Act 1972 established a similar system of two-tier administrative county and district councils.
Dejan Stanković
Dejan Stanković (Serbian Cyrillic: Дејан Станковић, Serbian pronunciation: [dějan stǎŋkoʋitɕ], born 11 September 1978) is a Serbian professional football manager and former player. He captained the Serbia national team from 2007 until 2011, when he announced his retirement from international football. He is currently the head coach of Serbian Super League team Red Star Belgrade.

Stanković began his career at Red Star Belgrade before joining Lazio in 1998. He spent more than five years with the latter club before joining Inter Milan, where he remained until his retirement in 2013. Stanković is the only man to represent three differently named nations at FIFA World Cups – Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro and Serbia.

1999 UEFA Super Cup
The 1999 UEFA Super Cup was a football match played on 27 August 1999 between the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League winners, Manchester United, and Lazio, winners of the 1998–99 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.

Lazio won the match 1–0, the winning goal coming from Chilean striker Marcelo Salas in the 35th minute. The match was played at a neutral venue, the Stade Louis II in Monaco, in front of 14,461 spectators.

This was the last Super Cup contested by the winners of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, as the tournament was discontinued after the 1998–99 season. Since 2000, it has been contested by the winners of the UEFA Champions League and the winners of the UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League.
3 Corvi
3 Corvi is a single star in the southern constellation of Corvus, located 192 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.45. This object is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +14 km/s.

This is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A1 V. It has 2.14 times the mass of the Sun and 1.87 times the Sun's radius. The star is around 900 million years old with a high rate of rotation, showing a projected rotational velocity of 130 km/s. It is radiating ten times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,671 K. An infrared excess has been detected, suggesting that a debris disk with a temperature of 150 K is orbiting 14.7 AU from the host star.

It was designated Theta Corvi by Johann Elert Bode in his 1801 Uranographia, but it is now no longer used.

Corvus (constellation)
Corvus is a small constellation in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere. Its name means "crow" in Latin. One of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, it depicts a raven, a bird associated with stories about the god Apollo, perched on the back of Hydra the water snake. The four brightest stars, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, and Beta Corvi, form a distinctive quadrilateral or cross-shape in the night sky.

With an apparent magnitude of 2.59, Gamma Corvi—also known as Gienah—is the brightest star in the constellation. It is an aging blue giant around four times as massive as the Sun. The young star Eta Corvi has been found to have two debris disks. Three star systems have exoplanets, and a fourth planetary system is unconfirmed. TV Corvi is a dwarf nova—a white dwarf and brown dwarf in very close orbit.