hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postal codes in Colombia
Postal codes in Colombia are 6 digit numeric.

The first group of two digits are the numbers used by DANE to encode the departments.

The second group of two digits in the range of 00 to 89 encode postal zones, where 00 is used for the department capital. In the range of 90 - 99 it has another meaning.

The third group of two digits encodes up to 100 postal districts in each zone. So there can be 32 * 90 * 100 = 288,000 postal districts in the geographic defined zones in all departments combined.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Armand Robin
Armand Robin (January 19, 1912 –  March 29, 1961) was a French poet, translator, and journalist.

He joined the French Anarchist Federation in 1945, which published his Poèmes indésirables (Undesirable Poems). He authored La fausse parole (The False Word), which dissected the mechanisms of propaganda in the totalitarian countries.

He was arrested on March 28, 1961 after an altercation in a cafe. He was taken to a local police station and beaten up by police. He was transferred to the special infirmary at the Paris Police Prefecture and died in suspicious circumstances. According to Jacques Bergier, the police were unable to explain the motives for their actions.

Jacques Bergier
Jacques Bergier (French: [bɛʁʒje]; maybe born Yakov Mikhailovich Berger (Russian: Я́ков Миха́йлович Бéргер); Odessa, 21 August [O.S. 8 August] 1912 –  Paris, 23 November 1978) was a chemical engineer, member of the French resistance, spy, journalist and writer. He co-wrote the best-seller The Morning of the Magicians with Louis Pauwels as a work of "fantastic realism" (a term coined by the authors).
ISO 3166-2:ZW
ISO 3166-2:ZW is the entry for Zimbabwe in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Zimbabwe, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for ten provinces.

Each code consists of two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is ZW, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Zimbabwe. The second part is two letters.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
Boxing at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Light heavyweight
The light heavyweight class is an event on the Boxing at the 2010 Commonwealth Games competition. Light heavyweights were limited to those boxers weighing under 81 kilograms (179 lb), 20 boxers competed.

Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss. Bouts consisted of three rounds of three minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.

Boxing at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Boxing at the 2010 Commonwealth Games was the 19th appearance of the Boxing at the Commonwealth Games. The events were held in Delhi, India, 5 to 11 October 2010 and featured contests in eleven weight classes.

The boxing events were held at the Talkatora Stadium and the training venue for the event was at Delhi University.
Sindo County
Sindo is a kun (county) in the North P'yŏngan province of North Korea. Most of the county consists of Pidansŏm, an island in the estuary of the Yalu River. Sindo was established as a separate county in 1991; previously, it had been part of Ryongch'ŏn, although it had enjoyed a brief existence as a separate county in 1967.

Ryongchon County
Ryongch'ŏn County is a kun (county) in North P'yŏngan province, North Korea, at the mouth of the Yalu River. The county seat is Ryongch'ŏn-ŭp, about 20 km (12 mi) from the border with China. The area has a reported population of 27,000 and is a centre of chemical and metalworking production.
TYPO3
TYPO3 is a web content management system (CMS) written in the programming language PHP. It is free and open-source software released under the GNU General Public License version 2.

TYPO3 is similar to other content management systems such as Drupal, Joomla!, and WordPress. It is used more widely in Europe than in other regions, with a larger market share in German-speaking countries, the Netherlands, and France.

TYPO3 was acknowledged as a Digital Public Good by the Digital Public Goods Alliance in April of 2025.

TYPO3 allows for the separate maintenance of code and content. It can be extended with new functions without writing any program code. TYPO3 supports publishing content in multiple languages due to its built-in localization system.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
Aatagara
Aatagara (transl. Player) is a 2015 Indian Kannada-language Mystery Thriller film directed by K. M. Chaitanya and produced by Dwarakish and Yogish Dwarakish under Dwarakish Chitra. The film, which is based on Agatha Christie's novel And Then There Were None, features an ensemble cast of  Chiranjeevi Sarja, Meghana Raj, Parul Yadav, Anu Prabhakar, Achyuth Kumar, Prakash Belawadi, Balaji Manohar, Pavana Gowda, Sadhu Kokila and Aarohitha Gowda, while Ananth Nag, P. Ravi Shankar, Dwarakish, Rohit Padaki and RJ Nethra appear in key supporting roles. The music was composed by Anoop Seelin, while the cinematography and editing were handled by Satya Hegde and P. Haridoss.

Aatagara was released on 28 August 2015 to positive reviews from critics and became a commercial success at the box office. The trio of Yogish Dwarakish – K. M. Chaitanya – Chiranjeevi Sarja went on to collaborate in Aake and Amma I Love You.

Dwarakish
Bungle Shama Rao Dwarakanath (19 August 1942 – 16 April 2024), known by his stage name Dwarakish (/ˈdwɑːrkɪʃ/ DWAR-kish), was an Indian actor, comedian and filmmaker who predominantly worked in Kannada cinema in addition to few Tamil, Telugu and Hindi films. Starting his career as a supporting actor in Veera Sankalpa (1964) and co-producer for the film Mamatheya Madilu in 1966, Dwarakish went on to work over five decades in cinema. He debuted as a director with the film Nee Bareda Kadambari (1985).

Fondly remembered as "Karnatakada Kulla" (lit. 'Dwarf of Karnataka'), Dwarakish produced over 50 films under his home production called "Dwarakish Chitra". Mayor Muthanna (1969) was the first film to be produced under his banner. He is referred to be the "First showman of Kannada cinema" for his daring and lavish experiments and his films were known for grand sets, songs and exotic locations.
Chesu language
Chesu 车苏 is a Loloish language spoken in southern Shuangbai County, northern Xinping County, and Eshan County in Yunnan, China.

The Chesu refer to themselves as tsu su³³pa²¹ or tɕi²¹su⁵⁵pho²¹ (Jishupo 吉输颇). Yunnan (1955) reports that Chesu is spoken mostly in Taihe Township 太和乡, with a population of over 360 as of 1955. Ethnologue reports 3,300 Chesu speakers out of an ethnic population of 6,600 people, as of 2007.

Bradley (2007) reports that Chesu is closely related to Nasu and classifies it as a Nasoid language. Chesu speakers consider themselves to be a separate ethnic group from the surrounding Nisu speakers. The Chesu language is currently being replaced by Nisu and Chinese.

Chesu is also used as a second language by Hlersu speakers.

Hlersu language
Hlersu (Lesu 勒苏), or Sansu (Shansu 山苏/散苏), is a Loloish language of Yunnan Province, China.  It is spoken in Xinping, Jinping, Zhenyuan, Eshan (as Shansu 山苏), and (as Sansu) Yuanjiang County.

A deprecated ISO 639-3 code sca was assigned to Sansu of Yuanjiang County and Myanmar, but was later merged with Hlersu (hle).
Articuleia gens
The gens Articuleia was a Roman family who achieved prominence during the early Roman Empire. The gens is known chiefly from its two members who held the consulate.

Quintus Articuleius Paetus, suffect consul in AD 78 and ordinary consul in 101.

Quintus Articuleius Paetinus, ordinary consul in 123.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Essential infimum and essential supremum
In mathematics, the concepts of essential infimum and essential supremum are related to the notions of infimum and supremum, but adapted to measure theory and functional analysis, where one often deals with statements that are not valid for all elements in a set, but rather almost everywhere, that is, except on a set of measure zero.

While the exact definition is not immediately straightforward, intuitively the essential supremum of a function is the smallest value that is greater than or equal to the function values everywhere while ignoring what the function does at a set of points of measure zero. For example, if one takes the function  that is equal to zero everywhere except at  where  then the supremum of the function equals one. However, its essential supremum is zero since (under the Lebesgue measure) one can ignore what the function does at the single point where  is peculiar. The essential infimum is defined in a similar way.

Null set
In mathematical analysis, a null set is a Lebesgue measurable set of real numbers that has measure zero.  This can be characterized as a set that can be covered by a countable union of intervals of arbitrarily small total length.

A null set is not to be confused with the empty set as defined in set theory. Although the empty set has Lebesgue measure zero, there are also non-empty sets which are null.  For example, any non-empty countable set of real numbers has Lebesgue measure zero and therefore is null.

More generally, on a given measure space  a null set is a set  such that
Pip Pyle
Phillip "Pip" Pyle (4 April 1950 – 28 August 2006) was an English-born drummer from Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, who later resided in France. He is best known for his work in the Canterbury scene bands Gong, Hatfield and the North and National Health.

Canterbury scene
The Canterbury scene (or Canterbury sound) is a musical scene that originated in the city of Canterbury, Kent, England during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Associated with progressive rock, the term describes a loosely defined, improvisational style that blended elements of jazz, rock, and psychedelia.

These musicians played together in numerous bands, with ever-changing and overlapping personnel, creating some similarities in their musical output.  Many prominent British avant-garde or fusion musicians began their career in Canterbury bands, including Hugh Hopper, Steve Hillage, Dave Stewart, Robert Wyatt, Kevin Ayers, Richard Sinclair, Tony Coe, Daevid Allen, and Mike Ratledge.
Hazratbal Assembly constituency
Hazratbal Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Hazratbal is also part of Srinagar Lok Sabha constituency.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (Dogri: 𑠑𑠢𑠹𑠢𑠰 𑠙𑠳 𑠊𑠧𑠹𑠢𑠮𑠤 𑠊𑠺𑠝𑠰𑠝 𑠀𑠩𑠳𑠷𑠠𑠥𑠮 (in Dogri)); (Kashmiri: جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی (in Perso-Arabic), 𑆘𑆾𑇌𑆩𑇀 𑆠 𑆑𑆯𑆵𑆫𑇀 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆱𑇀-𑆅 𑆑𑇊𑆾𑇋𑆳𑆤𑆷𑆤𑇀 𑆱𑆃𑆘𑇊𑆵 (in Sharada)) is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.
Dina Emundts
Dina Emundts (born 1972) is a German philosopher and university lecturer at the Institute of Philosophy at the Free University of Berlin. Since 2017, she's been the president of the International Hegel Association succeeding Axel Honneth.

Rolf-Peter Horstmann
Rolf-Peter Horstmann (born December 5, 1940) is a German emeritus professor of philosophy. His fields of activity are primarily ontology and epistemology, as well as the philosophy of Kant and German idealism, especially Hegel.
W series (satellites)
The W series was a family of geosynchronous satellites operated by Eutelsat which provided various coverage and bandwidth options for consumer and business services in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Some of the services provided by the W series satellites were internet, public telephony, business networks, satellite news gathering, television and radio-programme broadcasting and distribution.

The orbital positions of the satellites ranged from 7° East to 70.5° East, serving many business users, including telecommunication companies, radio and television broadcasters, international news agencies, manufacturing industry and multimedia service providers.

The series was discontinued in 2012 when Eutelsat rebranded its satellites, with the W series, Atlantic Bird, and Eurobird brands being merged to create a single fleet: Eutelsat.

Spaceflight portal

Atlantic Bird
Atlantic Bird was a series of satellites operated by Eutelsat over the Atlantic Ocean. In 2012 the series was merged into Eutelsat's main fleet as part of the company's rebranding.

Two of the original three satellites replaced the France Telecom Telecom 2 satellites which Eutelsat had acquired in 1999. Five satellites were in operation as of 2006:

Atlantic Bird 1, operating at 12.5°W

Atlantic Bird 2, launched in September 2001 and operating at 8°W (Replaced Telecom 2A)

Atlantic Bird 3, a Spacebus 3000B3, operating at 5°W (Replaced Telecom 2C)

Atlantic Bird 4, operated at 7°W (Formerly Hot Bird 4, also known as Nilesat 103)

Atlantic Bird 7, launched in September 2011 and operating at 7°W
The Bowls Player
The Bowls Player is an 1857 bronze statue by the Danish sculptor Georg Christian Freund. It is a modern adaptation of classical sculptures of athletes such as Polykleitos's Doryphoros and Myron's Discobolus.

The plaster model for the work and the first casting from it were lost in the fire which destroyed the Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen in 1884. Three other casts are known to survive:

Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen

National Gallery of Denmark, Copenhagen

Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin - previously owned by the archaeologist Theodor Wiegand and now on long-term loan to his house in Berlin-Dahlem, where it is displayed on the terrace as it was during Wiegand's lifetime

Doryphoros
The Doryphoros (Greek Δορυφόρος Classical Greek Greek pronunciation: [dorypʰóros], "Spear-Bearer"; Latinised as Doryphorus) of Polykleitos is one of the best known Greek sculptures of Classical antiquity, depicting a solidly built, muscular, standing warrior, originally bearing a spear balanced on his left shoulder. The lost bronze original of the work would have been cast circa 440 BC, but it is today known only from later (mainly Roman period) marble copies. The work nonetheless forms an important early example of both Classical Greek contrapposto and classical realism; as such, the iconic Doryphoros proved highly influential elsewhere in ancient art.
Jean-Charles Monnier
Jean-Charles, comte Monnier (22 March 1758 in Cavaillon – 29 January 1816 in Paris), was a French infantry commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Hundred Days. Monnier's name is inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe as 'Monier'.

Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe
The following is a list of the 660 names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. Most of them represent generals who served during the French First Republic (1792–1804) and the First French Empire (1804–1815). Underlined names signify those killed in action. Additionally, the names of specific armies are listed, grouped together by the four compass facades of the arch: North (northern France, lower Rhine, Netherlands), East (Central Europe, Switzerland, Italy), South (Mediterranean Europe, Egypt, southern France) and West (Pyrenees, western France, notable units).

Related list: Battles inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Northern pillar  Armies of northern France, the lower Rhine and the Netherlands.

Eastern pillar  Armies of Central Europe, Switzerland and Italy.

Southern pillar  Armies of Mediterranean Europe, Egypt and southern France.

Western pillar  Armies of the Pyrenees, western France and notable units.
Ming Ji
Ming Ji (Chinese: 明驥; 24 January 1923 – 15 June 2012) was a Taiwanese film director. As the general manager of the Central Motion Picture Corporation, Ming worked extensively with many prominent Taiwanese New Wave directors such as Hsiao Yeh, Hou Hsiao-hsien, Wu Nien-jen and Edward Yang. Ming received the Golden Horse Award for lifetime achievement in 2009.

He died of organ failure at Tri-Service General Hospital on 15 June 2012, at the age of 89.

Edward Yang
Edward Yang (Chinese: 楊德昌; pinyin: Yáng Déchāng; November 6, 1947 – June 29, 2007) was a Taiwanese and American filmmaker. He rose to prominence as a pioneer in the Taiwanese New Wave of the 1980s, alongside fellow auteurs Hou Hsiao-hsien and Tsai Ming-liang. Yang was regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers of Taiwanese cinema. He won the Best Director Award at Cannes for his 2000 film Yi Yi.
Nordre Osen Church
Nordre Osen Church (Norwegian: Nordre Osen kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Åmot Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Osneset. It is the church for the Nordre Osen parish which is part of the Sør-Østerdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1923 using plans drawn up by the architect Ivar Viehe-Næss. The church seats about 316 people.

Åmot Municipality
Åmot is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rena. Other villages in the municipality include Åsta, Osneset, and Snippen.

The 1,340-square-kilometre (520 sq mi) municipality is the 72nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Åmot is the 200th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,205. The municipality's population density is 3.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.0/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.7% over the previous 10-year period.
James Kaiser
James Frederick Kaiser (Dec. 10, 1929 – Feb. 13, 2020) was an American electrical engineer noted for his contributions in signal processing. He was an IEEE Fellow and received many honors and awards, including the IEEE Centennial Medal, the IEEE W.R.G. Baker Award, the Bell Laboratories Distinguished Technical Staff Award, and the IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal.

IEEE Centennial Medal
The IEEE Centennial Medal was a medal minted and awarded in 1984 to persons deserving of special recognition for extraordinary achievement to celebrate the Centennial of the founding of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1884. The medal was designed by sculptor Gladys Gunzer.

The medal obverse shows 1884 in calligraphic writing and 1984 in an LCD font. The medal reverse shows a map of the world and the name of the recipient.
The number of medals minted was 1984, the same as the year of the centenary.
Exhortation to the Greeks
The Exhortation to the Greeks (Latin: Cohortatio ad Graecos; alternative Latin: Cohortatio ad Gentiles; Ancient Greek: Λόγος παραινέτικος πρὸς Ἕλληνας) is an Ancient Greek Christian paraenetic or protreptic text in thirty-eight chapters.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Yedda
Yedda was an Israeli community-driven question-and-answer (Q&A) web service best known for its early commercial use of semantic search and vector-based similarity to match user questions with relevant answers and experts. Founded in late 2005 and launched publicly in early 2006, the platform grew through syndication partnerships before being acquired by AOL in November 2007. Yedda remained a wholly owned subsidiary and its technology was relaunched globally in 2010 under the brand AOL Answers, which for a period generated the highest volume of organic search traffic of any AOL property.

Quora
Quora is an American social question-and-answer website and online knowledge market headquartered in Mountain View, California. It was founded on June 25, 2009, and made available to the public on June 21, 2010. Users can post questions, answer questions, and comment on answers that have been submitted by other users.

As of 2020, the website was visited by 300 million users a month. Since its founding by former Facebook employees, the company has grown to a valuation of approximately $2 billion and expanded into the artificial intelligence sector with the 2023 launch of its chatbot platform, Poe.