hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sub-commentaries (Theravāda)
The sub-commentaries (Pali: ṭīkā) are primarily commentaries on the commentaries (Pali: aṭṭhakathā) on the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism, written in Sri Lanka. This literature continues the commentaries' development of the traditional interpretation of the scriptures.  (Note that some commentaries are apparently also named with the term ṭīkā.) These sub-commentaries were begun during the reign of Parākramabāhu I (1123–1186) under prominent Sri Lankan scholars such as Sāriputta Thera, Mahākassapa Thera of Dimbulagala Vihāra and Moggallāna Thera.

Dīgha Nikāya
The Dīgha Nikāya ("Collection of Long Discourses") is a Buddhist scriptures collection, the first of the five Nikāyas, or collections, in the Sutta Piṭaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pāli Tipiṭaka of Theravāda Buddhism.  Some of the most commonly referenced suttas from the Dīgha Nikāya include the Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta (DN 16), which describes the final days and passing of the Buddha, the Sigālovāda Sutta (DN 31) in which the Buddha discusses ethics and practices for lay followers, and the Samaññaphala Sutta (DN 2) and Brahmajāla Sutta (DN 1) which describe and compare the point of view of the Buddha and other ascetics in India about the universe and time (past, present, and future); and the Poṭṭhapāda (DN 9) Sutta, which describes the benefits and practice of Samatha meditation.
Madame l'archiduc
Madame l’archiduc (French pronunciation: [madam laʁʃidyk]) is an opéra bouffe, or operetta in three acts, by Jacques Offenbach, with a French libretto by Albert Millaud first performed at the Bouffes-Parisiens (Salle Choiseul) in Paris in 1874.

After a slow start Madame l’Archiduc had an opening run of 100 performances. It was seen in Vienna in 1875 and London in 1876. Highlights of the score include the quartet in cod-English for the count, countess and young couple in Act 1, an ‘alphabet’ sextet for Marietta, Giletti and the conspirators in Act 2, and a polka for the arrival of the dragoons.

A 1963 radio recording conducted by Jean-Claude Hartemann, with Lina Dachary as Marieta, Raymond Amade as Fortunato, and Gaston Rey and Janette Levasseur as the count and countess, was issued in 1990 in the Gaîeté-Lyrique/Musidisc series of French light opera.

Opéra bouffe
Opéra bouffe (French pronunciation: [ɔpeʁa buf], plural: opéras bouffes) is a genre of mid- to late 19th-century French operetta, closely associated with Jacques Offenbach, who produced many of them at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, inspiring the genre's name.

It differs from the opéra comique of the same period for elements of comedy, satire, parody and farce. The most famous examples are La belle Hélène, Barbe-bleue (Bluebeard), La Vie parisienne, La Périchole and La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein.
Polymer (library)
Polymer is an open-source JavaScript library for building web applications using Web Components. The library is being developed by Google developers and contributors on GitHub. Modern design principles are implemented as a separate project using Google's Material Design design principles.

Polymer is used by a number of Google services and websites, including YouTube, YouTube Gaming, the redesigned Google Earth (since 2017), Google I/O 2015 and 2016 websites, Google Play Music, redesign of Google Sites and Allo for web (until its shutdown in 2019).

Other notable users include Netflix, Electronics Arts, Comcast, Nuxeo, Coca-Cola, McDonald's, BBVA, IBM, Interxion and General Electric.

JavaScript library
A JavaScript library is a library of pre-written JavaScript code that allows for easier development of JavaScript-based applications, especially for AJAX and other web-centric technologies. They can be included in a website by embedding it directly in the HTML via a script tag.
Steve Lyons (writer)
Steve Lyons is a British writer. He has written several Doctor Who spin-off novels, as well as programme guides for Star Trek, Red Dwarf and Blackadder. His Doctor Who spin-off novels include the New Series Adventure The Stealers of Dreams.

Lists of books based on Doctor Who
Lists of books based on Doctor Who cover different types of book in the Doctor Who media franchise.
These include novels, audiobooks, and short story anthologies. The lists are organized by publisher and imprint.
Theatre Alfred Jarry
The Theatre Alfred Jarry was founded in January 1926 by Antonin Artaud with Robert Aron and Roger Vitrac, in Paris, France. It was influenced by Surrealism, Theatre of the Absurd and the work of Alfred Jarry. It was foundational to Artaud's theory of the Theatre of Cruelty. Though short-lived, productions were attended by an enormous range of European artists, including Arthur Adamov, André Gide, and Paul Valéry.:249

Alfred Jarry
Alfred Jarry (French: [alfʁɛd ʒaʁi]; 8 September 1873 – 1 November 1907) was a French symbolist writer who is best known for his play Ubu Roi (1896), often cited as a forerunner of the Dada, Surrealist, and Futurist movements of the 1920s and 1930s and later the theatre of the absurd in the 1950s and 1960s. He also coined the term and philosophical concept of 'pataphysics.

Jarry was born in Laval, Mayenne, France, although his mother was from Brittany. He wrote in a variety of hybrid genres and styles, prefiguring the postmodern, including novels, poems, short plays and opéras bouffes, absurdist essays and speculative journalism. His texts are considered examples of absurdist literature and postmodern philosophy.
Mussel Rock
Mussel Rock is a rock formation on the coast of San Mateo County, California, offshore from Daly City. It consists of one large and numerous smaller rocks of a type known as a stack, where a headland is eroded unevenly, leaving small islands. The rock itself is located 15 meters from the shore of Mussel Rock Park and stands 18 meters tall.

The coastal area adjacent to the rock is Mussel Rock Park, consisting of 250 acres of land stretching along the coastline. The park includes a beach area, a paragliding launch pad, hiking trails, and a parking lot.

It is best known for being the closest point to the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and where the San Andreas Fault enters the San Francisco Peninsula from the northwest. An additional minor fault, the Mussel Rock Fault, was identified in 2000.

The area above Mussel Rock consists of steep cliffs with frequent landslides, threatening homes in a subdivision above.

Merced Formation
The Merced Formation is a geologic formation in California, and also in Oregon and Washington state. It is named for Lake Merced, a natural lake on the western San Francisco coastline. The California portion is composed of a variety of sediments deposited on the coast of the San Francisco Bay Area in a small basin, which was split into two halves by the San Andreas Fault.
Gavril Dejeu
Gavril Dejeu (Romanian pronunciation: [ɡaˈvril deˈʒew]; born 11 September 1932) is a Romanian politician who served as Minister of Interior in Victor Ciorbea's cabinet. He was also acting (or ad interim) Prime Minister of Romania from 30 March to 17 April 1998.

Born in Poieni, Cluj County, Kingdom of Romania, he graduated from Babeș-Bolyai University (UBB) in Law. Dejeu subsequently joined the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚCD) in 1989, in the wake of the Romanian Revolution, serving in the Chamber of Deputies from 1992 to 2000. He and his wife Elena have one daughter, Flavia Vlad.

He is one of the few former MPs and former high ranking political office holders in Romania who gave up his special pension.

Prime Minister of Romania
The prime minister of Romania (Romanian: Prim-ministrul României), officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania (Romanian: Prim-ministrul Guvernului României), is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers (Romanian: Președintele Consiliului de Miniștri), when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called the Council of Ministers (Romanian: Consiliul de Miniștri). The title was officially changed to Prime Minister by the 1965 Constitution of Romania during the communist regime.
Addu City
Addu City is a city in Maldives that consists of the inhabited islands of Addu Atoll, the southernmost atoll of the archipelago. Addu City is the second-largest urban area in Maldives, in terms of population, and is one of the two urban areas to get the status of "city" other than the capital city, Malé, and Fuvahmulah. Addu City has 6 districts. They are Hithadhoo, Maradhoo-Feydhoo, Maradhoo, Feydhoo, Meedhoo and Hulhudhoo.  These divisions are naturally islands, but are well connected. In addition, Addu Atoll has other uninhabited islands.

United Suvadive Republic
The United Suvadive Republic (Dhivehi: އެކުވެރި ސުވާދީބު ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ) was a short-lived breakaway state from the Sultanate of Maldives that existed between 1958 and 1963, consisting of the three southern atolls of the Maldive archipelago: Addu Atoll, Huvadhu Atoll and Fuvahmulah. The first president of the nation was Abdulla Afeef Didi. The republic's secession occurred during the struggles of the Maldives’ emergence as a modern nation. The United Suvadive Republic inherited a Westminster system of governance cloned from the United Kingdom, along with other institutional structures.
Military ranks of Kyrgyzstan
The Military ranks of Kyrgyzstan are the military insignia used by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country, and does therefore not possess a navy. Being a former Soviet state, Kyrgyzstan shares a rank structure similar to that of Russia.

Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic
The Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic is the national military of Kyrgyzstan. It was originally formed from the former Soviet forces of the Turkestan Military District stationed in newly independent Kyrgyzstan. It consists of the Ground Forces, the Air Force and the National Guard. Affiliated security forces to the armed forces included the Internal Troops, the State Committee for National Security and the Border Troops.
Henry Morgan (priest)
Christianity portal

The Ven. Harry John Morgan (16 November 1871 – 30 October 1947) was the Archdeacon of Bangor from 1937 to 1947.

Morgan was educated at Christ College, Brecon, and Brasenose College, Oxford. He served curacies at Llanfairpwllgwyngyll and Beaumaris, then incumbencies at Barmouth and Llandegfan. He was  a Canon Residentiary at Bangor Cathedral from 1930 until his death and its Chancellor from 1934.

Archdeacon of Bangor
The Archdeacon of Bangor is the priest in charge of the archdeaconry of Bangor, an administrative division of the Church in Wales Diocese of Bangor. In 1844, the Archdeaconry of Bangor was combined with the Archdeaconry of Anglesey to form the Archdeaconry of Bangor and Anglesey. The archdeaconry comprises the seven deaneries of Archlechwedd, Arfon, Llifon/Talybolion, Malltraeth, Ogwen, Tyndaethwy and Twrcelyn.

In 2018, the Archdeaconry was separated in diocesan boundary changes, with half becoming the new Archdeaconry of Anglesey, thus recreating the pre-1844 structure.

On 4 June 2023, it was announced that David Parry was to become the next Archdeacon; he was duly collated on 1 October 2023.
Oyster buy-boat
An oyster buy-boat, also known as deck boat, is an approximately 40–90 foot long wooden boat with a large open deck which serviced  oyster tongers and dredgers. Similar in function to sardine carriers, buy boats circulated among the harvesters collecting their catches, then delivered their loads to a wholesaler or oyster processing house. This spared the fishermen the task and its downtime, allowing them to catch more oysters.   Buy-boats also bought seed oysters, or spat, for planting in oyster beds.

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Sandish Compound
25°15′9″N 86°59′41″E﻿ / ﻿25.25250°N 86.99472°E﻿ / 25.25250; 86.99472
Sandy's Compound is a 30-year-old sports complex located in, Bhagalpur City, Bihar, opposite of police line Bhagalpur. It contains a Doordarshan TV Centre, volleyball court and a small open stadium. It also provides state level matches and is one of the best fields in Bhagalpur.

The land was acquired by the government for public purposes in 1906, and was named after a Briton who was the Mayor of Bhagalpur.

In 1981, the stadium hosted its only cricket match when Bihar cricket team played against Assam cricket team in the 1981/82 Ranji Trophy. Bihar cricket team won the match by an innings and 2 runs.

Bhagalpur Municipal Corporation
Bhagalpur Municipal Corporation is the municipal corporation governing the Indian city of Bhagalpur, Bihar. Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras (Chennai) in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) by 1762. Bhagalpur Municipal Corporation is headed by Mayor of city and governed by Commissioner.
Image editing
Image editing  encompasses the processes of altering images, whether they are digital photographs, traditional photo-chemical photographs, or illustrations. Traditional analog image editing is known as photo retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to modify photographs or edit illustrations with any traditional art medium. Graphic software programs, which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics editors, raster graphics editors, and 3D modelers, are the primary tools with which a user may manipulate, enhance, and transform images. Many image editing programs are also used to render or create computer art from scratch. The term "image editing" usually refers only to the editing of 2D images, not 3D ones.

Airbrush
An airbrush is a small, air-operated tool that atomizes and sprays various media, most often paint, but also ink, dye, and make-up. Spray painting developed from the airbrush and is considered to employ a type of airbrush.
C. Judson Child Jr.
Charles Judson Child Jr. (April 25, 1923 – January 5, 2004) was the seventh bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta. He was consecrated as Bishop Suffragan in 1978, and served as diocesan bishop from 1983 to 1989.

Bennett Sims
Bennett Jones Sims (August 9, 1920 – July 17, 2006) was the sixth bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta, consecrated in 1972. Upon retirement from the Diocese in 1983, Sims founded the Institute for Servant Leadership at Emory University and served as president of the institute until 1999.
Boissano
Boissano (Ligurian: Buintsan or Boinsan, locally Buinzan) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Savona.

Boissano borders the following municipalities: Bardineto, Borghetto Santo Spirito, Loano, Pietra Ligure, and Toirano.

Savona
Savona (Italian: [saˈvoːna] ⓘ; Ligurian: Saña [ˈsaŋːa]) is a seaport and comune (municipality) in the west part of the northern Italian region of Liguria, and the capital of the Province of Savona. Facing the Ligurian Sea, Savona is the main city of the western section of the Italian Riviera. It has a population of 58,690.

One of the most celebrated former inhabitants of Savona was the navigator Christopher Columbus, who farmed land in the area while chronicling his journeys. 'Columbus's house', a cottage situated in the Savona hills, lay between vegetable crops and fruit trees. It is one of several residences in Liguria associated with Columbus.
Royal Meteorological Institute
The Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium (French: Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique or IRM; Dutch: Koninklijk Meteorologisch Instituut van België or KMI) is a Belgian federal institute engaged in scientific research in the field of meteorology. The RMI depends on the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO).
The institute is a member of the World Meteorological Organization, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, of EUMETSAT, and of the EIG Eumetnet.

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by most of the nations of Europe. It is based at three sites: Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom; Bologna, Italy; and Bonn, Germany. It operates one of the largest supercomputer complexes in Europe and the world's largest archive of numerical weather prediction data.
K.S.R.V. Njord
The Royal Student Rowing Association (K.S.R.V.) Njord (Dutch: Koninklijke Studenten Roeivereeniging (K.S.R.V.) Njord) is a Dutch rowing club, founded in 1874. It is the oldest student rowing club in the Netherlands.

Prince Henry of the Netherlands (1820–1879)
Prince William Frederick Henry of the Netherlands (Dutch: Willem Frederik Hendrik; 13 June 1820 – 13 January 1879) was the third son of King William II of the Netherlands and his wife, Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He was born at Soestdijk Palace.

Prince Henry became Governor of Luxembourg in 1850, in which capacity he served until his death in 1879.  During his tenure, he worked with the government to launch the reactionary Coup of 1856, which consolidated power in the monarchy and the executive.  However, most of the changes were reversed by the new constitution issued in 1868 after the 1867 Luxembourg Crisis, during which the crown tried to sell the grand duchy to France.
Gangneung Yoo clan
Gangneung Yoo clan (Korean: 강릉 유씨; Hanja: 江陵 劉氏) is one of the Korean clans. Their bon-gwan was in Gangneung. According to the research held in 2000, the number of Gangneung Yoo clan was 178913. Their founder was Yoo Jeon who came from the Northern Song dynasty. According to their family tree, Yoo Jeon was an Emperor Gaozu of Han's 41st descendant. Yoo Jeon worked as minister of defense (兵部尚書, Bingbu Shangshu) in the Northern Song dynasty during Emperor Shenzong of Song's reign. However, he was ousted by Wang Anshi because he was a member of old policies party. As a result, he fled Goryeo. Their clans contain Geochang Yoo clan and Baecheon Yoo clan who call themselves one of the descendants of Yoo Jeon.

Geochang Yoo clan
Geochang Yoo clan (Korean: 거창 유씨; Hanja: 居昌 劉氏) is one of the Korean clans. Their bon-gwan is in Geochang County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the research held in 1985, the number of Geochang Yoo clan's member was 32790. Their founder was Yoo Jeon who was 41 th children of Emperor Gaozu of Han, Han dynasty’s first emperor. Yoo Jeon was good at Neo-Confucianism and writing. Yoo Jeon worked as the minister of defense (兵部尚書, Bingbu Shangshu), a government post, in Song dynasty and entered Goryeo as one of Eight Scholars (Hanja: 八學士) in 1082. Then, he was settled in Gyeongsang Province.
Harley Jane Kozak
Harley Jane Kozak (born January 28, 1957) is an American actress and author. She made her film debut in the slasher film The House on Sorority Row (1982), and had a recurring role as Mary Duvall on the soap opera Santa Barbara between 1985 and 1989. She later had supporting parts in Clean and Sober (1988) and When Harry Met Sally... (1989), before starring in the major studio films Parenthood (1989) and Arachnophobia (1990).

Kozak continued to act in film throughout the remainder of the 1990s and into the 2000s, but turned her focus to writing. She has published five mystery novels since 2004. Her debut novel, Dating Dead Men, earned her an Agatha, Anthony, and Macavity Award.

Anthony Awards
The Anthony Awards are literary awards for mystery writers presented at the Bouchercon World Mystery Convention since 1986. The awards are named for Anthony Boucher (1911–1968), one of the founders of the Mystery Writers of America.
2010 IFSC Climbing World Cup
The 2010 IFSC Climbing World Cup was held in 15 locations. Bouldering competitions were held in 7 locations, lead in 6 locations, and speed in 7 locations. The season began on 30 April in Trento, Italy and concluded on 14 November in Kranj, Slovenia.

The top 3 in each competition received medals, and the overall winners were awarded trophies. At the end of the season an overall ranking was determined based upon points, which athletes were awarded for finishing in the top 30 of each individual event.

The winners for bouldering were Adam Ondra and Akiyo Noguchi, for lead Ramón Julián Puigblanqué and Jain Kim, for speed Stanislav Kokorin and Yuliya Levochkina, and for combined Adam Ondra and Jain Kim, men and women respectively.

Jain Kim
Jain Kim (Korean: 김자인, born 11 September 1988) is a professional climber who specializes in competition climbing. She is mainly active in competition lead climbing and competition bouldering. She has won the Lead Climbing World Cup three times (2010, 2013, 2014), the Lead Climbing World Championship once (2014), and the Rock Master once (2010, Lead discipline). She has won the Asian Championships 14 times in 15 years, 11 times in lead climbing and 3 times in bouldering (see below for details).

Kim has also completed notable sport climbing routes. In 2014, she redpointed her first routes graded above the 8b+ (5.14a) grade, including Bibita Biologica 8c (5.14b) and Reini's Vibes 8c+ (5.14c), both in Arco, Italy.
Sarcodon wrightii
Sarcodon wrightii is a species of tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. It was first described in 1860 by Miles Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis as Hydnum wrightii. They were sent a specimen collected from Japan as part of the North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition (1853–56). Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus transferred it to the genus Sarcodon in 1967. The fungus produces roughly spherical spores that are tuberculate (covered in warts) and measure 5.5–6.5 by 4.5–5.5 μm.

Sarcodon
Sarcodon is a genus of fungi in the family Bankeraceae, which is part of the order Thelephorales, known for its almost universal ectomycorrhizal ecology. The genus owes its name to the presence of teeth-like spines on the hymenophore, from ancient Greek; sarco = flesh and odon = tooth. For this reason they are commonly called "tooth fungi", or "Hydnoid fungi".
George Hargreaves (politician)
James George Hargreaves (born 14 July 1957), known as George Hargreaves or J. G. Hargreaves, is an English religious minister, community worker, political campaigner, former politician, former music producer, songwriter, TV producer and currently working as a Christian missionary.

He was leader of the Christian Party, having founded it in 2004.

Na h-Eileanan an Iar (UK Parliament constituency)
Na h-Eileanan an Iar (/nə ˈhɪlənən ən jɪər/; Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [nəˈhelanən əˈɲiəɾ]), formerly Western Isles, is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, created in 1918.  It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It has been represented since 2024 by Torcuil Crichton of Scottish Labour.

The constituency was formed by merging areas which were formerly within the Ross and Cromarty constituency and the Inverness-shire constituency.

Na h-Eileanan an Iar is Scottish Gaelic for the Western Isles, which was the constituency's name prior to the 2005 general election. An identical constituency with the same name is used by the Scottish Parliament.

With around 21,000 registered voters, it has the smallest electorate of any constituency in the United Kingdom. It is expressly protected from being combined with other constituencies by the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011.