hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Lamar Cardinals baseball team
The 2014 Lamar Cardinals baseball team represented Lamar University in the 2014 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The Cardinals played their home games at Vincent–Beck Stadium as members of the Southland Conference.  The team was coached by Jim Gilligan in his 38th season at Lamar.  The Cardinals  finished the season 8th in the Southland with a record of 31–25, 16–14 in conference play. They qualified for the 2014 Southland Conference baseball tournament as the 8th seeded team.  The Cardinals' season ended after losing to Sam Houston State 4–10 and Northwestern State 8–10 in the conference tournament.

2014 Sam Houston State Bearkats baseball team
The 2014 Sam Houston State Bearkats baseball team represented Sam Houston State University in the 2014 intercollegiate baseball season. Sam Houston State competes in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southland Conference. The Bearkats play home games at Don Sanders Stadium on the university's campus in Huntsville, Texas. Third year head coach David Pierce leads the Bearkats.
Reformation Study Bible
The Reformation Study Bible (previously published as the New Geneva Study Bible) is a study Bible published by Ligonier Ministries. The Reformation Study Bible "aims to carry on the legacy of the Geneva Bible in shining forth the light of biblical Christianity, which was recovered in the Reformation." As of late 2021, all editions of the Reformation Study Bible feature the Bible text of the English Standard Version (ESV).

Study Bible
A study Bible is an edition of the Bible prepared for use by a serious student of the Bible. It provides scholarly information designed to help the reader gain a better understanding of and context for the text.
Fort Wetherill State Park
Fort Wetherill State Park is a public recreation area occupying 61.5 acres (24.9 ha) at the southeastern tip of Conanicut Island in the town of Jamestown, Rhode Island. The state park sits on the East Passage of Narragansett Bay opposite Fort Adams State Park. From 1901 through World War II, Fort Wetherill and Fort Adams were part of a string of coastal defenses designed to protect the bay's entrance points. The Fort Wetherill battery and training camp were acquired by the State of Rhode Island from the United States in 1972. The park is used for sightseeing, scuba diving, picnicking, boating, fishing, and hiking. As of 2020, the fort itself is almost completely covered in graffiti.

Conanicut Island
41°31′00″N 71°23′00″W﻿ / ﻿41.5167°N 71.3833°W﻿ / 41.5167; -71.3833

Conanicut Island (/kəˈnænəkʌt/ kə-NAN-ə-kut) is an island in Narragansett Bay in the American state of Rhode Island. The second-largest in the Bay, it is connected on the east to Newport on Aquidneck Island by the Claiborne Pell Bridge, commonly known as the Newport Bridge, and on the west to North Kingstown on the mainland via the Jamestown-Verrazano Bridge. The town of Jamestown comprises the entire island. The U.S. Census Bureau reported a land area of 24.46 km2 (9.44 sq mi) and a population of 5,622 in 2000.  A tombolo connects the southern part of Conanicut to an extension of the island to the southwest.
Polling system
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a polling system or polling model is a system where a single server visits a set of queues in some order. The model has applications in computer networks and telecommunications, manufacturing and road traffic management. The term polling system was coined at least as early as 1968 and the earliest study of such a system in 1957 where a single repairman servicing machines in the British cotton industry was modelled.

Typically it is assumed that the server visits the different queues in a cyclic manner. Exact results exist for waiting times, marginal queue lengths and joint queue lengths at polling epochs in certain models. Mean value analysis techniques can be applied to compute average quantities.

In a fluid limit, where a very large number of small jobs arrive the individual nodes can be viewed to behave similarly to fluid queues (with a two state process).

Fluid limit
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a fluid limit, fluid approximation or fluid analysis of a stochastic model is a deterministic real-valued process which approximates the evolution of a given stochastic process, usually subject to some scaling or limiting criteria.

Fluid limits were first introduced by Thomas G. Kurtz publishing a law of large numbers and central limit theorem for Markov chains. It is known that a queueing network can be stable, but have an unstable fluid limit.
François de Charette
François Athanase de Charette de la Contrie (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa atanaz də ʃaʁɛt də la kɔ̃tʁi]; 2 May 1763 – 29 March 1796) was a French military officer and politician. He served in the French Navy during the American Revolutionary War and was one of the leaders of the War in the Vendée against the French Revolutionary Army. His great-nephew Athanase-Charles-Marie Charette de la Contrie was a noted military leader and great-grandson of Charles X of France.

Battle of Saint-Fulgent
The Battle of Saint-Fulgent (22 September 1793) saw Royalist and Republican French forces clash at Saint-Fulgent during the War in the Vendée. The 11,000 Vendean rebels, led by Henri de La Rochejaquelein, defeated a 6,000-man republican division, commanded by Jean Quirin de Mieszkowski and belonging to the Army of the Coasts of La Rochelle. Half of the Republican force was killed, wounded or captured, but rebel losses were only one tenth as many.

In mid-September, the Republican Army of the Coasts of La Rochelle, led by Jean Antoine Rossignol, advanced into the Vendée from the south and the east while the Army of the Coasts of Brest and the Army of Mainz, under Jean Baptiste Camille Canclaux, advanced from the west. In a series of battles at Coron, Pont-Barré, Tiffauges, Montaigu and Saint-Fulgent, the royalist rebels concentrated against and defeated each republican column in turn.
Pauric Mahony
Pauric Mahony (born 11 May 1992) is an Irish hurler who plays for Waterford Senior Championship club Ballygunner and was previously the captain of the Waterford senior hurling team before announcing his retirement from inter-county hurling in 2023.

2011 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 2011 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 111th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

De La Salle were the defending champions.

On 16 October 2011, Ballygunner won the championship after a 1–19 to 0–06 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 12th championship title overall and their first title since 2009.
Yodo Domain
The Yodo Domain (淀藩, Yodo-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, and the only domain located in Yamashiro Province. Its castle was located within modern-day Fushimi, Kyoto.

The strategic location of the castle figured in the 1582 Battle of Yamazaki.

During the 1868 Battle of Toba–Fushimi, the master of Yodo changed his allegiance from the Shogunate to Imperial forces, going as far as closing his gate and refusing protection to the retreating army of the shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

Ise-Kameyama Domain
Ise-Kamayama Domain (伊勢亀山藩, Ise-Kamayama-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Ise Province in what is part of now modern-day Kameyama, Mie. It was centered around Ise-Kameyama Castle. Ise-Kameyama Domain was controlled by fudai daimyō clans throughout most its history.
Lake Milton, Ohio
Lake Milton is a census-designated place in Milton Township, Mahoning County, Ohio, United States.  The population was 637 at the 2020 census. The community sits along the shore of the Lake Milton reservoir along with the village of Craig Beach. It is part of the Youngstown–Warren metropolitan area.

Mahoning River
The Mahoning River is a river in northeastern Ohio and a small portion of western Pennsylvania. Flowing primarily through several Ohio counties, it crosses the state line into Pennsylvania before joining with the Shenango River to form the Beaver River. The Mahoning River drops from 1,296 feet (395 m) at the headwaters near Winona to 761 feet (232 m) at the outfall near Mahoningtown, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Ohio River watershed. The name is said to derive from either the Lenape or Shawnee languages and mean "Deer Lick," as the area was once known for salt springs, but it's possible the name of the Mahoning and several other similarly named landmarks and places in western Pennsylvania (Manayunk, etc) could come from the Lenape, mënehokink (may-nuh-ho-keeng), meaning "place to get water."
Paris Games Week
Paris Games Week, or simply PGW, is a trade fair for video games held annually at the Paris Expo Porte de Versailles in Paris, France. It is organised by SELL (Syndicat des éditeurs de logiciels de loisirs), a French organisation that promotes the interests of video game developers.

With 317,000 visitors for the 2019 edition, the show is the second most popular trade show in Europe and one of the world's most visited video game trade shows, ahead of E3 in the United States (66 100 visitors in 2019) and the Tokyo Game Show in Japan (262,076 visitors in 2019), but behind Gamescom in Germany (373,000  visitors in 2019) and the Taipei Game Show in Taiwan (over 320,000 visitors in 2019).

Syndicat des éditeurs de logiciels de loisirs
SELL (Syndicat des éditeurs de logiciels de loisirs) is a French organisation created in 1995 that promotes the interests of video game developers. It was founded by Infogrames' CEO Bruno Bonnell. The group mainly distributes information about video game professionals to authorities and consumers. The group is chaired by Julie Chalmette from Bethesda France since 2016, and the general delegate is Nicolas Vignolles since 2020.
Sung Han-bin
Sung Han-bin (Korean: 성한빈; born June 13, 2001) is a South Korean singer and dancer. He is best known for competing on the Mnet reality competition show Boys Planet, where he ranked second in the final episode, making him a member of Zerobaseone.

Studio Choom
Studio Choom (Korean: 스튜디오 춤; RR: Seutyudio Chum; lit. Studio Dance; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean YouTube channel that invites notable K-Pop acts to perform dances in a studio with white background and colored lights. Studio Choom is derived from the Mnet Digital Studio (M2) channel and is affiliated with Mnet.
County of Flinders
The County of Flinders is one of the 49 cadastral counties of South Australia. The county covers the southern part of the Eyre Peninsula “bounded on the north by a line connecting Point Drummond with Cape Burr, and on all other sides by the seacoast, including all islands adjacent to the main land.”

Coulta, South Australia
Coulta (Nauo: Gulda) is a town and locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 293 kilometres (182 mi) west of the state capital of  Adelaide and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north-west of the municipal seat in Port Lincoln.

The township is adjacent to the Flinders Highway, and the bounded locality extends to the coast on the western side of the peninsula, facing the Great Australian Bight. Coulta was named in 1877, derived from a 'native name of a spring "Koolta"'.

Coulta is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the local government area of the District Council of Lower Eyre Peninsula.
Apollodorus of Telmessus
Apollodorus of Telmessus is called by Artemidorus a notable or famous man (ἀνὴρ ἐλλόγιμος), and seems to have written a work on dreams. This seems to have specifically been on the subject of Oedipal dreams. His works are now lost.

Artemidorus of Daldis
Artemidorus Daldianus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρτεμίδωρος ὁ Δαλδιανός) or Ephesius was a professional diviner and dream interpreter who lived in the 2nd century AD.  He is known from an extant five-volume Greek work, the Oneirocritica or Oneirokritikon (English: The Interpretation of Dreams).
Andrzej Grzegorczyk
Andrzej Grzegorczyk ([ˈandʐɛj ɡʐɛˈɡɔrt͡ʂɨk]; 22 August 1922 – 20 March 2014) was a Polish logician, mathematician, philosopher and ethicist. He was noted for his work in computability, mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics.

Jan Woleński
Jan Hertrich-Woleński (also known as Jan Woleński; born 21 September 1940) is a Polish philosopher specializing in the history of the Lwów–Warsaw school of logic and in analytic philosophy.

He has spent most of his academic career at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, where he is currently Professor Emeritus. His main fields of research are logic, epistemology, and the history of philosophy in Poland.
Bibliothèque municipale de Nancy
The Bibliothèque municipale de Nancy (est. 1750) is a public library in Nancy, France. It houses approximately 400,000 documents, books, maps, plans and prints. Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński began the collection in 1750. The library is located in a 1769 building of the historical University of Nancy. At 43, rue Stanislas, it is close to the Place Stanislas and the Gare de Nancy-Ville.

Nancy-Ville station
Nancy-Ville station (French: Gare de Nancy-Ville) is the main railway station serving the city Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle department, northeastern France. It is situated on the Paris–Strasbourg railway.
Volks v Robinson
Volks NO v Robinson and Others is an important decision in South African family law and law of succession. In a majority judgment written by Justice Thembile Skweyiya, the Constitutional Court of South Africa dismissed a challenge to the constitutionality of the Maintenance of Surviving Spouses Act, 1990. The court held that it is not discriminatory for the Act to exclude the survivors of permanent life partnerships from the protections it extends to the survivors of legal marriages. Married couples are entitled to claim maintenance from their deceased spouse's estate because the institution of marriage creates unique reciprocal duties of support which do not exist between permanent life partners.

The holding in Volks is controversial and the Constitutional Court departed from it in 2020 when it decided Bwanya v Master of the High Court, a similar case in which it came to a contrary conclusion.

High Court of South Africa
The High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law in South Africa. It is divided into nine provincial divisions, some of which sit in more than one location. Each High Court division has general jurisdiction over a defined geographical area in which it is situated. The decisions of a division are binding on magistrates' courts within its area of jurisdiction. The High Court has jurisdiction over all matters, but it usually only hears civil matters involving more than 400,000 rand, and serious criminal cases. It also hears appeals or reviews from magistrates' courts and other lower courts.

The court and its divisions are constituted in their current form by the Superior Courts Act, 2013. They replaced the previous separate High Courts, which had in 1997 replaced the provincial and local divisions of the former Supreme Court of South Africa and the supreme courts of the TBVC states ("Bantustans" created by the apartheid government in the 1950s).
Capriotti's
Capriotti's Sandwich Shop, Inc.  (also called Capriotti's) is a fast casual restaurant chain in the United States. The restaurant chain was founded in Wilmington, Delaware in 1976. As of July 2025, Capriotti's has more than 175 company-owned and franchise locations in 33 states.

Fast casual restaurant
A fast casual restaurant, found primarily in the United States, is a restaurant that does not offer full table service, but advertises higher quality food than fast-food restaurants. It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining.
Irpinia
Irpinia (Modern Latin Hirpinia) is a geographical and cultural region of Southern Italy. It was the inland territory of the ancient Hirpini tribe, and its extent matches approximately today's province of Avellino.

Aeclanum
Aeclanum (also spelled Aeculanum, Italian: Eclano, Ancient Greek: Ἀικούλανον) was an ancient town of Samnium, Southern Italy, about 25 km east-southeast of Beneventum, on the Via Appia. It lies in Passo di Mirabella, near the modern Mirabella Eclano.

It is now an archaeological park.
Imputed righteousness
Imputed righteousness is a concept in Christian theology proposing that the "righteousness of Christ ... is imputed to [believers]—that is, treated as if it were theirs—through faith.": 106  It is on the basis of Jesus' righteousness that God accepts humans. This acceptance is also referred to as justification.

The teaching of imputed righteousness is a signature doctrine of the Lutheran, Reformed and Anglican traditions of Christianity.

Philip Melanchthon
Philip Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, an intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems.

He stands next to Luther and John Calvin as a reformer, theologian, and shaper of Protestantism.
Folding book manuscript
Folding book manuscripts are a category of manuscript in the leporello format, a long strip folded back and forth upon itself. Often contextualized as a compromise between the scroll and a bound codex, the folding-book manuscript developed independently in various regions and times across the world, but largely saw major use in Pacific Asia and Mesoamerica.

Folding book
A folding book is a book or pamphlet typified by a continuous unbound paper sheet, folded as to form folios. A folding book folded in repeated parallel alternating folds, in the fashion of an accordion pleat, is further known as a concertina, accordion, or leporello.
Operation Fiery Vigil
Operation Fiery Vigil was the emergency evacuation of all non-essential military and U.S. Department of Defense civilian personnel and their dependents from Clark Air Base and U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay during the June 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Republic of the Philippines.

This Non-combatant evacuation operation transferred roughly 20,000 people from Clark Air Base and U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay back to contiguous United States by way of Cebu, Philippines. Major General William A. Studer, Commander, Thirteenth Air Force, served as Commander Joint Task Force - Fiery Vigil.

Emergency evacuation
An emergency evacuation is an immediate egress or escape of people away from an area that contains an imminent threat, an ongoing threat or a hazard to lives or property.

Examples range from the small-scale evacuation of a building due to a storm or fire to the large-scale evacuation of a city because of a flood, bombardment or approaching weather system, especially a tropical cyclone. In situations involving hazardous materials or possible contamination, evacuees may be decontaminated prior to being transported out of the contaminated area. Evacuation planning is an important aspect to mitigate the impact of disasters on humans. Today there many evacuation models to simulate this process for small-scale and large-scale situations.
2021 Mary Hardin–Baylor Crusaders football team
The 2021 Mary Hardin–Baylor Crusaders football team represented the University of Mary Hardin–Baylor as a member of the American Southwest Conference during the 2021 NCAA Division III football season. Led by 23rd-year head coach Pete Fredenburg, the Crusaders compiled an overall record of 15–0 with a mark of 9–0 in conference play, winning the ASC title.

Mary Hardin–Baylor beat Trinity (TX) in the first round, Birmingham–Southern in the second round, Linfield in the quarterfinals, and Wisconsin–Whitewater in the semifinals before playing in the 2021 Stagg Bowl where they played North Central (IL) and won 57–24 to secure the school's second-overall and first-non vacated title. Mary Hardin–Baylor played home games at Crusader Stadium in Belton, Texas.

Mary Hardin–Baylor Crusaders football
The Mary Hardin–Baylor Crusaders football team represents the University of Mary Hardin–Baylor in college football in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the NCAA Division III level. The Crusaders are members of the American Southwest Conference (ASC), fielding its team in the ASC since 1998. The Crusaders play their home games at Crusader Stadium in Belton, Texas.

Their head coach is Larry Harmon, who took over the position for the 2022 season after serving the previous twenty as the team's defensive coordinator under Pete Fredenburg.

Mary Hardin–Baylor has won three NCAA Division III football championships: 2016, 2018, and 2021. The 2016 championship was vacated and 29 wins were vacated due to ineligible players.
John Rowe Moyle
John Rowe Moyle (22 February 1808, Wendron, Cornwall, England – 15 January 1889, Alpine, Utah Territory) was a Mormon pioneer and a settler of Alpine, Utah. He was a master stonemason for the Salt Lake Temple, and was the carver of the inscription "Holiness to the Lord" on the temple's east side.

Temple Square
Temple Square is a 10-acre (4.0 ha) complex, owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), in the center of Salt Lake City, Utah. The usage of the name has gradually changed to include several other church facilities that are immediately adjacent to Temple Square. Contained within Temple Square are the Salt Lake Temple, Salt Lake Tabernacle, Salt Lake Assembly Hall, the Seagull Monument, and two visitors' centers. The square was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1964, recognizing the Mormon achievement in the settlement of Utah.
T-group (mathematics)
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a T-group is a group in which the property of normality is transitive, that is, every subnormal subgroup is normal. Here are some facts about T-groups:

Every simple group is a T-group.

Every quasisimple group is a T-group.

Every abelian group is a T-group.

Every Hamiltonian group is a T-group.

Every nilpotent T-group is either abelian or Hamiltonian, because in a nilpotent group, every subgroup is subnormal.

Every normal subgroup of a T-group is a T-group.

Every homomorphic image of a T-group is a T-group.

Every solvable T-group is metabelian.

The solvable T-groups were characterized by Wolfgang Gaschütz as being exactly the solvable groups G with an abelian normal Hall subgroup H of odd order such that the quotient group G/H is a Dedekind group and H is acted upon by conjugation as a group of power automorphisms by G.

A PT-group is a group in which permutability is transitive. A finite T-group is a PT-group.

Nilpotent group
In mathematics, specifically group theory, a nilpotent group G is a group that has an upper central series that terminates with G. Equivalently, it has a central series of finite length or its lower central series terminates with {1}.

Intuitively, a nilpotent group is a group that is "almost abelian". This idea is motivated by the fact that nilpotent groups are solvable, and for finite nilpotent groups, two elements having relatively prime orders must commute. It is also true that finite nilpotent groups are supersolvable. The concept is credited to work in the 1930s by Russian mathematician Sergei Chernikov.

Nilpotent groups arise in Galois theory, as well as in the classification of groups. They also appear prominently in the classification of Lie groups.

Analogous terms are used for Lie algebras (using the Lie bracket) including nilpotent, lower central series, and upper central series.