hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lugagnac
Lugagnac (French pronunciation: [lyɡaɲak]; Occitan: Luganhac) is a commune in south-western France. Lugagnac is situated in the Lot department, Occitanie region 24 kilometres from Cahors, the department capital. The commune is 497 kilometres from Paris, France.

Popular places to visit nearby include Saint-Cirq-Lapopie at 8 km and Cajarc at 12 km.

Cajarc
Cajarc (French pronunciation: [kaʒaʁ]) is a commune in the Lot department, Occitania, France.

It is a stopping place on the Via podiensis, the medieval pilgrimage route from Le Puy-en-Velay to Santiago de Compostela, but also attracts tourists on account of its medieval town centre, its plan d'eau, a 4 km-long dammed section of the river Lot, and its beautiful setting in the Lot valley and the surrounding limestone plains (le causse). Its major cultural event is Africajarc, a four-day festival of contemporary African music and culture which runs in the last week of July each year; in 2008 it celebrated its tenth anniversary.
Top Chef VIP season 4
The fourth season of the American competitive reality television series Top Chef VIP premiered on Telemundo on July 22, 2025. The season was announced on May 8, 2025. Carmen Villalobos returned as host. Antonio de Livier and Inés Páez Nin returned as judges, with Betty Vázquez replacing Belén Alonso as the third judge.

The season was won by Cristina Porta, who received US$200,000.

Top Chef VIP
Top Chef VIP is an American reality competition television series that premiered on Telemundo on August 9, 2022. The show is produced by RCN Televisión for Telemundo. It is the second Spanish-language adaptation of the Top Chef format in the United States after Top Chef Estrellas, which was also broadcast on Telemundo between 2014 and 2015.

In May 2025, the series was renewed for a fourth season that premiered on July 22, 2025. In October 2025, the series was renewed for a fifth season.
Soviet rocketry
Soviet rocketry commenced in 1921 with development of Solid-fuel rockets, which resulted in the development of the Katyusha rocket launcher. Rocket scientists and engineers, particularly Valentin Glushko and Sergei Korolev, contributed to the development of Liquid-fuel rockets, which were first used for fighter aircraft. Developments continued in the late 1940s and 1950s with a variety of ballistic missiles and ICBMs, and later for space exploration which resulted in the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957, the first artificial Earth satellite ever launched.

Molniya (rocket)
The Molniya (Russian: Молния, meaning "lightning"), GRAU Index 8K78, was a modification of the well-known R-7 Semyorka rocket and had four stages. The rocket was given the name Molniya due to the large number of Molniya communication satellites the rockets launched.
Costa Rican real
The real was the currency of Costa Rica until 1850 and continued to circulate until 1864. It had no subdivisions. 16 silver reales equaled 1 gold escudo. The real was replaced by the peso at a rate of 1 peso = 8 reales.

Initially, Spanish and Spanish colonial reales circulated, followed in 1824 by the Central American Republic real. In 1842, Costa Rica issued its first coins, 1⁄2 real and 1 escudo pieces. These were followed in 1847 by 1 real coins. In 1850, when the first peso coins were issued, gold coins were issued for 1⁄2, 1 and 2 escudos. The last coins denominated in reales were issued in 1850, whilst the last escudo coins were issued in 1864.

Spanish real
The real (English: /ɹeɪˈɑl/ Spanish: /reˈal/) (meaning: "royal", plural: reales) was a unit of currency in Spain for several centuries after the mid-14th century. It underwent several changes in value relative to other units throughout its lifetime until it was replaced by the peseta in 1868. The most common denomination for the currency was the silver eight-real Spanish dollar (real de a ocho), or peso, which was used throughout Europe, America and Asia during the height of the Spanish Empire.
2017 ISM Connect 300
The 2017 ISM Connect 300 was a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held on September 24, 2017, at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, New Hampshire. Contested over 300 laps on the 1.058-mile (1.703 km) speedway, it was the 28th race of the 2017 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series season, the second race of the Playoffs, and the second race of the Round of 16.

NASCAR Cup Series at New Hampshire Motor Speedway
Stock car races in the NASCAR Cup Series have been held at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, New Hampshire since 1993.

A second race in September was also formerly held at the track from 1997 to 2017 until it was moved to Las Vegas Motor Speedway starting in 2018.
Home Garden, California
Home Garden is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kings County, California, United States. The community is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of the city of Hanford. It is part of the Hanford–Corcoran Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,653 at the 2020 United States census.

Hanford, California
Hanford is the most populous city in and the county seat of Kings County, California, located in the San Joaquin Valley region of the greater Central Valley. The population was 57,990 at the 2020 census.
2018 Junior League World Series
The 2018 Junior League World Series took place from August 12–19 in Taylor, Michigan. Taoyuan, Taiwan defeated Lufkin, East Texas in the championship game. It was Taiwan's sixth straight championship.

The return of the Host Team raised the total number of teams to 12.

Junior League World Series (Host Team)
The Junior League World Series Host team is one of six United States regions that sends teams to the World Series in Taylor, Michigan. The host team first competed in the JLWS in 1985. It was discontinued after 1989, but returned in 2018.
Hizzah
Hizzah (Arabic: حزّة)  is a Syrian village located in Markaz Rif Dimashq District, Rif Dimashq. It is located in Eastern Ghouta. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Hizzah had a population of 9,293 in the 2004 census. It is located in the Kafr Batna subdistrict. Its population is composed of Sunni Arabs. To its north are Zamalka, Irbin and Hamouriyah, to its east is Saqba, to its south is Kafr Batna and to its west is Ein Tarma.

Ein Tarma
Ein Tarma (Arabic: عيـن تـرمـا), also spelled Ayn Tarma or Ain Terma, is a suburb of Damascus in Syria, located 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) east of Old Damascus, just north of the Barada River, within an area called the Eastern Ghouta. It is administratively a part of the Arbin subdistrict, in the Markaz district of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. Nearby localities include Jobar and Zamalka to the north, Hazeh to east, Kafr Batna to southeast, the Ein Tarma Valley to south and Zablatani, Souq al-Hal and Al-Maamouniye to the west.
Idzikowice, Poddębice County
Idzikowice [id͡ʑikɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dalików, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Dalików, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Poddębice, and 32 km (20 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Dalików
Dalików [daˈlikuf] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dalików. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Poddębice and 28 km (17 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Doubling for Romeo
Doubling for Romeo is a 1921 American silent comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Bernard McConville, Elmer Rice, and Will Rogers. The film stars Will Rogers, Sylvia Breamer, Raymond Hatton, Sidney Ainsworth, Al Hart and John Cossar. The film was released on October 23, 1921, by Goldwyn Pictures.

Goldwyn Pictures
Goldwyn Pictures Corporation was an American motion picture production company that operated from 1916 to 1924 when it was merged with two other production companies to form the major studio, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was founded on November 19, 1916, by Samuel Goldfish (who later changed his name to Goldwyn), an executive at Lasky's Feature Play Company, and Broadway producer brothers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn, using an amalgamation of both last names to name the company.

The studio proved moderately successful, but became most famous due to its iconic Leo the Lion trademark. Although Metro was the nominal survivor, the merged studio inherited Goldwyn's old facility in Culver City, California, where it would remain until 1986. The merged studio also retained Goldwyn's Leo the Lion logo.

Lee Shubert of The Shubert Organization was an investor in the company.
Wellington Heath
Wellington Heath is a small village and civil parish in Herefordshire, England, approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Ledbury. The population was recorded by the 2011 census at 440.

The village contains a church, Christ Church. There is a public house, the Farmers Arms.

The Herefordshire Trail long-distance footpath passes through the village, as does The National Byway.

The route of the derelict Herefordshire and Gloucestershire Canal passes through the western part of the parish.

Wellington Heath has a parish council. The parish, together with the north part of the parish of Ledbury, forms the ward of Ledbury North, which returns one elected councillor to Herefordshire Council.

Ledbury
Ledbury is a market town and civil parish in the county of Herefordshire, England, lying east of Hereford, and west of the Malvern Hills.

It has a significant number of Tudor-style timber-framed structures, in particular along Church Lane and High Street. One of the most outstanding is Ledbury Market Hall, built in 1617, located in the town centre. Other notable buildings include the parish church of St. Michael and All Angels, the Painted Room (containing sixteenth-century frescoes), the Old Grammar School, the Barrett-Browning memorial clock tower (designed by Brightwen Binyon and opened in 1896 to house the library until 2015), nearby Eastnor Castle and the St. Katherine's Hospital site. Founded c. 1231, this is a rare surviving example of a hospital complex, with hall, chapel, a Master's House (fully restored and opened in March 2015 to house the Library), almshouses and a timber-framed barn.
Arthur Moore (priest)
Christianity portal

Arthur Crompton Moore (3 October 1877 – 5 October 1954) was  Archdeacon of Norfolk from 1934 until his death.

Moore was educated at Liverpool College, Clare College, Cambridge and Wycliffe Hall, Oxford. He served curacies in Knutsford, Seville, Huddersfield and Stockport. He held incumbencies at Potter Heigham, Halesworth and Hereford.

He died on 5 October 1954.

Archdeacon of Norfolk
The Archdeacon of Norfolk is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England Diocese of Norwich, who exercises supervision of clergy and responsibility for church buildings within the geographical area of their archdeaconry.

The current archdeacon is Steven Betts who was appointed in 2012.
Rear-Admiral of the White
Rear-Admiral of the White was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Rear-admiral of the red  (see order of precedence below). Royal Navy officers currently holding the ranks of commodore, rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. From 1688 to 1805 this rank was in order of precedence eighth; after 1805 it was the ninth. In 1864 it was abolished as a promotional rank. (pictured opposite is the command flag for an Rear-Admiral of the White).

Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)
Admiral of the Fleet (ADMF) is a five-star naval officer rank and the highest rank of the Royal Navy, formally established in 1688. The five-star NATO rank code is OF-10, equivalent to a field marshal in the British Army or a marshal of the Royal Air Force.  Apart from honorary appointments, no new admirals of the fleet have been named since 1995, and no honorary appointments have been made since 2014.
Cerro Azul Formation
The Cerro Azul Formation (Spanish: Formación Cerro Azul), also described as Epecuén Formation, is a geological formation of Late Miocene (Tortonian, or Huayquerian in the SALMA classification) age in the Colorado Basin of the Buenos Aires and La Pampa Provinces in northeastern Argentina.

The fluvial and aeolian siltstones, sandstones and tuffs of the formation contain many mammals, such as Thylacosmilus and Huayqueriana, reptiles, amphibians and fossils of terror birds as well as Argentavis, the largest flying bird ever discovered.

Tortonian
The Tortonian is in the geologic time scale an age or stage of the late Miocene that spans the time between 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma and 7.246 ± 0.005 Ma (million years ago). It follows the Serravallian and is followed by the Messinian.

The Tortonian roughly overlaps with the regional Pannonian Stage of the Paratethys timescale of Central Europe. It also overlaps the upper Astaracian, Vallesian and lower Turolian European land mammal ages, the upper Clarendonian and lower Hemphillian North American land mammal ages and the upper Chasicoan and lower Huayquerian South American land mammal ages.
Picone identity
In the field of ordinary differential equations, the Picone identity, named after Mauro Picone, is a classical result about homogeneous linear second order differential equations. Since its inception in 1910 it has been used with tremendous success in association with an almost immediate proof of the Sturm comparison theorem, a theorem whose proof took up many pages in Sturm's original memoir of 1836. It is also useful in studying the oscillation of such equations and has been generalized to other type of differential equations and difference equations.

The Picone identity is used to prove the Sturm–Picone comparison theorem.

Oscillation theory
In mathematics, in the field of ordinary differential equations, a nontrivial solution to an ordinary differential equation

is called oscillating if it has an infinite number of roots; otherwise it is called non-oscillating. The differential equation is called oscillating if it has an oscillating solution.
The number of roots carries also information on the spectrum of associated boundary value problems.
Hendecahedron
A hendecahedron (or undecahedron) is a polyhedron with 11 faces. There are many topologically distinct forms of a hendecahedron, for example the decagonal pyramid, and enneagonal prism.

Three forms are Johnson solids: augmented hexagonal prism, biaugmented triangular prism, and elongated pentagonal pyramid.

Two classes, the bisymmetric and the sphenoid hendecahedra, are space-filling.

Face (geometry)
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object. For example, a cube has six faces in this sense.

In more modern treatments of the geometry of polyhedra and higher-dimensional polytopes, a "face" is defined in such a way that it may have any dimension. The vertices, edges, and (2-dimensional) faces of a polyhedron are all faces in this more general sense.
LankaPay
LankaPay (formerly LankaClear) national payment network of Sri Lanka which provides the central payment infrastructure to the country's financial sector. Established in April 1, 2002, the organization is owned by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) and all CBSL-licensed commercial banks in the country.

Bank of Ceylon
Bank of Ceylon (BOC; Sinhala: ලංකා බැංකුව Lanka Bænkuwa, Tamil: இலங்கை வங்கி Ilangai Vangi) is a state-owned, major commercial bank in Sri Lanka. Its head office is located in an iconic cylindrical building in Colombo.

The bank has a network of 651 branches, 715 automated teller machines (ATMs), 159 CDM, 582 CRM network, and 15 regional loan centres within the country. It also has an around-the-clock call centre and an around the clock branch at its Colombo office.

In addition to the local presence, the bank maintains an off-shore banking unit in the head office in Colombo, three branches in Malé, Chennai, and Seychelles, and a subsidiary in London.
Cobblestone Street (Boonville, Missouri)
Cobblestone Street, also known as Fifth Street and Main Street, is a historic cobblestone street located at Boonville, Cooper County, Missouri. It was built about 1832, and was part of the original Fifth or Main Street.  It is located beneath the Boonville Road Bridge and is constructed of cobblestones of varying sizes.  The street remnant is approximately 20 feet wide and approximately 200 feet long.  The street connected the main commercial district of Boonville with the wharves along the Missouri River.: 2–3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Boonville, Missouri
Boonville is a city and the county seat of Cooper County, Missouri, United States. The population was 7,964 at the 2020 census. The city was the site of a skirmish early in the Civil War, on July 17, 1861. Union forces defeated the Missouri State Guard in the first Battle of Boonville. It is part of the Columbia, Missouri metropolitan area.
Vennisfjellet
Vennisfjellet is a mountain in Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,776-metre (5,827 ft) tall mountain is located in the Filefjell mountain area, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of the village of Vang i Valdres. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Mjellknapp to the northeast, and the mountains Trollfonnegge and Skræmetindane to the north.

Vang i Valdres
Vang i Valdres or Grindaheim is the administrative centre of Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the south shore of the lake Vangsmjøse, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the village of Ryfoss and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of the village of Øye. The European route E16 highway runs through the village, heading west through the Filefjell mountains on the way to the west coast of Norway. The historic Vang Church is located in the village.

The 0.24-square-kilometre (59-acre) village has a population (2024) of 232 and a population density of 892 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,310/sq mi).
Borzonasca
Borzonasca is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 35 km (22 mi) east of Genoa.

Borzonasca borders the following municipalities: Mezzanego, Ne, Rezzoaglio, San Colombano Certénoli, Santo Stefano d'Aveto, Tornolo, and Varese Ligure.

Borzonasca is part of the Aveto Natural Regional Park.

Ne, Liguria
Ne (Italian pronunciation: [nɛ]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located in the Val Graveglia about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Genoa. It is formed by several distinct burghs, or frazioni.
Slavery in medieval Europe
Slavery was widespread in medieval Europe. Europe and North Africa were part of an interconnected trade network across the Mediterranean Sea, and this included slave trading. During the medieval period, wartime captives were commonly forced into slavery. As European kingdoms transitioned to feudal societies, a different legal category of unfree persons – serfdom – began to replace slavery as the main economic and agricultural engine. Throughout medieval Europe, the perspectives and societal roles of enslaved peoples differed greatly, from some being restricted to agricultural labor to others being positioned as trusted political advisors.

Volga Bulgarian slave trade
The Volga Bulgarian slave trade took place in the Volga Bulgar Emirate in Central Asia (in modern Eastern Russia).

Volga Bulgaria was a buffer state between Europe and the Islamic world and played a major part in the trade between Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages from the 10th century onward, and slaves were one of the main goods. The Volga Bulgarian slave trade was one of the major routes of the human trafficking of saqaliba slaves from Europe to the Muslim world from the early 10th century when it replaced the Khazar slave trade. The Viking slave trade in Volga Bulgaria was the subject of a famous description by Ibn Fadlan in the 920s.
Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border
The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border is the border between the countries of Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. At 1,793 km (1,114 mi), it is Turkmenistan's longest border and Uzbekistan's second longest (behind Uzbekistan's border with Kazakhstan). The border runs from the tripoint with Kazakhstan to the tripoint with Afghanistan.

The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border was first established in 1925, when both countries were part of the Soviet Union as the Turkmen SSR and the Uzbek SSR respectively. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan became independent countries, making the Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border an international border. A joint treaty was signed between Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in 2000, recognizing the post-independence border as the official border between the two countries, ending a decade of disputes and establishing the border's current shape. A border fence was constructed afterward.

Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (Russian: Казахская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика; Kazakh: Қазақ Автономиялы Социалистік Кеңестік Республикасы, romanized: Qazaq Avtonomiialy Sotsialistık Keñestık Respublikasy), abbreviated as Kazak ASSR (Russian: Казакская АССР; Kazakh: Qazaq ASSR) and simply Kazakhstan (Russian: Казахстан; Kazakh: Qazaƣьstan), was an autonomous republic of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) within the Soviet Union (from 1922) which existed from 1920 until 1936.
Anarchism in Morocco
Anarchism in Morocco has its roots in the federalism practiced by Amazigh communities in pre-colonial Morocco. During the Spanish Civil War, Moroccan nationalists formed connections with Spanish anarchists in an attempt to ignite a war of national liberation against Spanish colonialism, but this effort was not successful. Despite the brief establishment of an anarchist movement in post-war Morocco, the movement was suppressed by the newly independent government, before finally reemerging in the 21st century.

Wattasid dynasty
The Wattasid dynasty (Arabic: الوطاسيون, al-waṭṭāsīyūn) was a ruling dynasty of Morocco. Like the Marinid dynasty, its rulers were of Zenata Berber descent. The two families were related, and the Marinids recruited many viziers from the Wattasids. These viziers eventually assumed the powers of the Sultans, seizing control of the Marinid dynasty's realm when the last Marinid, Abu Muhammad Abd al-Haqq, who had massacred many of the Wattasids in 1459, was murdered during a popular revolt in Fez in 1465.

Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya was the first Sultan of the Wattasid Dynasty. He controlled only the northern part of Morocco, the south being divided into several principalities. The Wattasids were finally supplanted in 1554, after the Battle of Tadla, by the Saadi dynasty princes of Tagmadert who had ruled all of southern Morocco since 1511.
Beyond Baroque Literary Arts Center
Beyond Baroque Literary Arts Center is a literary arts center located at 681 Venice Boulevard, Venice, Los Angeles, California, founded in 1968. The center is based near the beach in Los Angeles's old Venice City Hall, built in 1906. It offers an extensive program of public readings, workshops, a project room, bookstore, publications, and chapbook/small press archive.

Venice Boulevard
Venice Boulevard is a major east–west thoroughfare in Los Angeles, running from the ocean in the Venice district into downtown Los Angeles. It was originally known as West 16th Street under the Los Angeles numbered street system. While some maps and signs may mark a segment of Venice Boulevard as State Route 187 between Lincoln Boulevard (State Route 1) in Venice and the Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) in the South Robertson district, control of that highway have been relinquished in piecemeal segments from the state to the City of Los Angeles since 2015, with the goal of eventually decommissioning SR 187.