hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donald Newhouse
Donald Edward Newhouse (born 1929) is an American businessman who owns Advance Publications. It was founded in 1922 by his father, Samuel Irving Newhouse Sr., and its properties include Condé Nast (publisher of such magazines as Vogue, Tatler, Vanity Fair, and The New Yorker), dozens of newspapers across the U.S. (including The Star-Ledger, The Plain Dealer, and The Oregonian), a stake in cable company Charter Communications, and a stake in Warner Bros. Discovery. According to Forbes, he has an estimated net worth of $11 billion as of June 2024. He resides in New York City.

Condé Nast
Condé Nast (/ˌkɒndeɪ ˈnæst/) is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast and owned by Advance Publications. Its headquarters are located at One World Trade Center in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City.

The company's media brands attract more than 72 million consumers in print, 394 million in digital and 454 million across social media platforms. These include Vogue, The New Yorker, Condé Nast Traveler, Condé Nast Traveller, GQ, Glamour, Architectural Digest, Vanity Fair, Pitchfork, Wired, Bon Appétit, and Ars Technica, among many others. Former U.S. Vogue editor-in-chief Anna Wintour serves as Artistic Director and Global Chief Content Officer. In 2011, the company launched the Condé Nast Entertainment division, tasked with developing film, television, social and digital video, and virtual reality content.
Chief of the Defence Staff (Ghana)
The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the Ghana Armed Forces. He is thus responsible for the administration and the operational control and command of the Ghana military.  The CDS is a member of the Armed Forces Council. This council advice the President of Ghana on matters of policy relating to defence and also regulates the administration of the Armed Forces. It also advises the President on the promotion of all officers above the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel or its equivalent.

The CDS is appointed by the President, in consultation with the Council of State of Ghana.

The current CDS is Major General William Agyapong. He was appointed by John Mahama in March 2025.

Ghana Navy
The Ghana Navy (GN) is the naval warfare organizational military branch of the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF). The Ghanaian Navy, along with the Ghanaian Army (GA) and Ghanaian Air Force (GHF), make up the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF) which are controlled by the Ghanaian Ministry of Defence (MoD).
Mount Taragha
Mount Taragha (Terexe, ته‌ره‌غه‌) is a mountain  of the Zagros Mountains range, located in the Iranian Kurdistan region and northwestern Iran.

It is 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the city of Bukan, near the  village of Nobar, in West Azerbaijan province.

Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in West Asia spanning Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of 1,600 km (990 miles). The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of southeastern Turkey and northeastern Iraq. From this border region, the range continues southeast to the waters of the Persian Gulf. It spans the southern parts of the Armenian highlands, and the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau, ending at the Strait of Hormuz. The highest point is Mount Dena, at 4,409 metres (14,465 ft).
Transphonologization
In historical linguistics, transphonologisation (also known as rephonologisation or cheshirisation, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.

For example, a language contrasting two words */sat/ vs. */san/ may evolve historically so that final consonants are dropped, yet the modern language preserves the contrast through the nature of the vowel, as in a pair /sa/ vs. /sã/. Such a situation would be described by saying that a former contrast between oral and nasal consonants has been transphonologised into a contrast between oral and nasal vowels.

The term transphonologisation was coined by André-Georges Haudricourt. The concept was defined and amply illustrated by Hagège & Haudricourt; it has been mentioned by several followers of panchronic phonology, and beyond.

Hilary Chappell
Hilary Chappell（曹茜蕾） is a professor of linguistics at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) in Paris. Her research focuses on grammaticalization and the typology of the Sinitic languages.
Auto Red Bug
The Red Bug, later marketed as the Auto Red Bug were a vintage era cyclecar automobile manufactured by the Automotive Electric Service Corp. of North Bergen, New Jersey from 1924 to 1930.  It is considered an early version of a microcar.

Microcar
Microcar is a term often used for the smallest size of cars, with three or four wheels and typically with an engine smaller than 700 cc (43 cu in). Specific types of microcars include bubble cars, cycle cars, invacar, quadricycles and voiturettes. Microcars are often covered by separate regulations from normal cars, having relaxed requirements for registration and licensing.
Cillian Farrell
Cillian Farrell (born 1977) is an Irish hurling manager and former dual player. He is the former manager of the Meath senior hurling team.

A dual player at the highest levels, Farrell had a successful playing career at club level with Edenderry and at inter-county levels with Offaly. He was a fringe member of the inter-county hurling team during the 'golden age' of the 1990s and collected an All-Ireland title as a substitute in 1998.

Shortly after his inter-county retirement, Farrell became involved in team management and coaching. He took charge of the Na Fianna hurling team in Meath for three years and restored some pride to the perennial relegation candidates. Farrell was appointed manager of the Meath senior hurling team in October 2010. He stepped down from the position on 2 June 2013 after a 0-23 to 1-10 defeat to Down, however, he returned to the position later that year.

Dual player
Dual player or dual star is a term used in Hiberno-English to describe someone who competes in multiple sports — for example, in Victorian Ireland, cricket and hurling. The term today in Gaelic games typically describes a male player who plays both Gaelic football and hurling or, if a female player, a player of ladies' Gaelic football and camogie. The player does not necessarily have to play at the same standard in both sports. The number of dual stars at county level has decreased recently due to the increasing demands placed upon the best players of both sports.
Rhodesia, Nottinghamshire
Rhodesia is a village and civil parish in the Bassetlaw district of Nottinghamshire, England, just west of Worksop, and 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Sheffield. At the 2021 Census, the population was 1,173.

The village was built in 1920, near the small settlement of Haggonfields, to provide housing for coal miners working at the nearby Shireoaks and Steetley pits. It was named after G. Preston Rhodes, then chairman of Shireoaks Colliery. Tylden Road, the main road through the village, was named after the pit's first manager. There are no longer any active mines in the area.

Rhodesia consists of just over 300 houses, a pub at Woodend, one shop, a school and a village hall. Part of the village is bordered by the Chesterfield Canal and it is also adjacent to the A57. Rhodesia is between Shireoaks and Retford railway stations, and the Robin Hood Line passes through the village.

Worksop
Worksop (/ˈwɜːrksɒp/ WURK-sop) is a market town in the Bassetlaw District in Nottinghamshire, England. Located close to Nottinghamshire's borders with South Yorkshire and Derbyshire, it is on the River Ryton and not far from the northern edge of Sherwood Forest. The population of the town was recorded at 44,733 in the 2021 Census. To the south of Worksop is the area of the Dukeries.
Warburto, South Australia
Warburto is a locality in South Australia located on the west coast of Yorke Peninsula, consisting of the rural areas south of the town of Wallaroo around the headland of Warburto Point. It immediately adjoins Spencer Gulf, and is located about 140 kilometres (87 miles) north-west of the Adelaide city centre.

Yorke Peninsula
The Yorke Peninsula, known as Guuranda by the original inhabitants, the Narungga people, is a peninsula located northwest and west of Adelaide in South Australia, between Spencer Gulf on the west and Gulf St Vincent on the east. The peninsula is separated from Kangaroo Island to the south by Investigator Strait.

The most populous town in the region is Kadina; Maitland is the most central town; and the south-western tip is occupied by Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park.
Badger Beers Handicap Chase
The Badger Beers Handicap Chase is a Premier Handicap National Hunt steeplechase in England which is open to horses aged four years or older. 
It is run at Wincanton over a distance of about 3 miles and 1 furlongs (3 miles, 1 furlong and 30 yards, or 5,029 metres), and during its running there are twenty-one fences to be jumped.
It is a limited handicap race, and it is scheduled to take place each year in November.

The race was established in 1963. The first running took place in March 1963, but then moved to an October/November date. It was awarded Listed status in 2003. It was re-classified as a Premier Handicap from the 2022 running when Listed status was removed from handicap races.

The race was run over a distance of 2 miles and 5 furlongs before 1990.

Wincanton Racecourse
Wincanton Racecourse is a thoroughbred horse racing venue located in Wincanton, Somerset, England.

The steeplechase fences are large, making it a good test of a chaser. Three fences in quick succession in the second half of the home-straight make for exciting racing and often change the complexion of a finish dramatically; resulting in a great many close finishes.

The track stages several big races, including the Kingwell Hurdle in February. The CGA Chase (previously the Jim Ford Challenge Cup, last run in 2012) was run on the same day; these races were significant trials for the Champion Hurdle and Cheltenham Gold Cup respectively. Several of the races at the course were shown on Channel 4 and are now occasionally shown on ITV.

The track is located near to the yard of the trainer, Paul Nicholls and as such many of his young horses run here.
1952–53 Lancashire Cup
The 1952–53 Lancashire Cup was the fortieth occasion on which the Lancashire Cup competition was held.

Leigh won the trophy  by beating St. Helens by the score of 22–5.
The match was played at Station Road, (historically in the county of Lancashire). The attendance was 34,785 and receipts were £5,793.

RFL Lancashire Cup
The RFL Lancashire Cup, usually referred to as the Lancashire Cup, was a British rugby league football knock-out competition founded in 1905. Organised by the Rugby Football League (RFL), the competition was open to all professional clubs in the Lancashire region, but also included a number of clubs based in Cumbria.

The tournament was held annually and was usually played over four rounds, with the fixtures normally being played during the early part of the season. The tournament was scrapped along with the Yorkshire Cup after the 1992–93 season.

The most successful club was Wigan, who won the trophy on 21 occasions.
Raghuvanahalli, Bengaluru East
Raghuvanahalli is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Bangalore East taluka of the Bangalore Urban district. The village is situated approximately 14 km from both Krishnarajapuram and Hoskote, and according to 2009 statistics, it is administered under the gram panchayat of Mandur.

Mandur, Bengaluru East
Mandur  is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Mandur village is located in Bangalore East taluka of Bangalore Urban district in Karnataka, India. It is situated 11 km away from Krishnarajapuram and around 13 km from Hoskote. As per 2009 stats, Mandur village is also a gram panchayat.
Celebrity Dog School
Celebrity Dog School was a short-lived Australian reality series which aired on Network Ten. It was based on the original version aired in the UK. The show was hosted by Larry Emdur, who also hosted The Price is Right on the Nine Network, and Wheel of Fortune on the Seven Network. It was a Pett Productions format for BBC Worldwide, produced by Freehand Group Pty Limited.

9am with David & Kim
9am with David & Kim is an Australian morning show which premiered on Monday 30 January 2006 on Network Ten. It aired live from 9 am - 11 am weekdays, and was hosted by musician and former Getaway reporter David Reyne and former National Nine News presenter and journalist Kim Watkins. Fill in presenters have included Ann-Maree Biggar, Christi Malthouse, Corinne Grant, Kathryn Robinson, Stephen Quartermain and music mogul Ian Dickson.

The program replaced long time morning program Good Morning Australia with Bert Newton, which finished in late 2005, after Bert Newton returned to the Nine Network. Sandy Paterson was the executive producer of the program. Throughout its run the show had struggled behind competing programs The Morning Show and Mornings with Kerri-Anne, averaging around 50,000 viewers an episode.
Queen Maeve International Summer School
The Queen Maeve International Summer School, (Irish Scoil Samhraidh Miosgán Medbha) is one of Ireland's largest traditional music summer schools, held annually since 1999 and was founded by Sligo tin whistle player Carmel Gunning. During the week, students from around the world attend daily classes taught by experts in Irish music and dance. In addition, a full program of lectures, recitals, dances (céilithe) and exhibitions are run by the summer school.

All events take place at the Institute of Technology in Sligo Town, County Sligo, in the north west of Ireland, during the second week of August. The weekly registration includes six classes, all lectures and recitals (except for the Thursday night concert) and reduced price admission to céilithe. Lectures, recitals, concert and céilithe are open to the public.

Summer school
Summer school (or summer university) is a school, or a program generally sponsored by a school or a school district, or provided by a private company, that provides lessons and activities during the summer vacation. Participation in summer schools has been shown to have substantial beneficial effects on education.
AWeb
AWeb is a web browser for the Amiga range of computers. Originally developed by Yvon Rozijn, AWeb was shipped with version 3.9 of AmigaOS, and is now open source.

AWeb supports HTML 3.2, and some 4.01, JavaScript, frames, SSL, and various other Netscape and Internet Explorer features.

Netscape (web browser)
The Netscape web browser is the general name for a series of web browsers formerly produced by Netscape Communications Corporation, which eventually became a subsidiary of AOL. The original browser was once the dominant browser in terms of usage share, but as a result of the first browser war, it lost virtually all of its share to Internet Explorer due to Microsoft's anti-competitive bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows.

Netscape was discontinued, and support for all Netscape browsers and client products was terminated on March 1, 2008.

In 2024, AOL brought back the browser in name only as a Chromium fork.
Yutong City Master
The Yutong City Master is a low-floor double-decker bus that was first designed for JSP Skopje, the public company which has operated bus services in Skopje since 1948. The bus is designed in a "retro" style reminiscent of London Transport's AEC Routemaster. A total of 217 City Masters, including 15 open-top buses, were built for use in Skopje.

On 14 April 2010, the government of the Republic of Macedonia ordered 202 double-decker buses from the Chinese manufacturer Yutong, totalling €35.5 million.

The first 68 City Masters were put into service in Skopje on 6 September 2011. The total number of the buses increased to 217, including 15 open-top buses with removable roofs for city sightseeing services. The cost of the project was over €41 million, which was paid by the Macedonian government.

Some City Masters were also built for service in Chinese cities, including Guangzhou and Jiangmen.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
Mooka Line
The Mooka Line (真岡線, Mo-oka-sen) is a Japanese railway line connecting Shimodate Station, in Chikusei, Ibaraki and Motegi Station in Motegi, Tochigi. It is the only railway line operated by the Mooka Railway (真岡鐵道, Mooka Tetsudō). The third-sector company took over the former JR East line in 1988. In addition to regular diesel local trains, the line also operates the SL Mooka steam service for tourists using a C12 class steam locomotive.

The railway and its operating company are also spelled Moka Line and Moka Railway, respectively.

Third-sector railway
In Japan, third-sector railways (第三セクター鉄道, dai-san sekutā tetsudō), sometimes translated as semi-public sector railways, are railways operated by a joint corporation that has been invested in by both the public and private sectors, which maintain a public–private partnership. These lines are most often operated by small companies owned by both a prefectural or municipal government and smaller private interests, who both invest in and manage the line. Third-sector lines are generally former lines of the JR Group – or, before 1987, Japanese National Railways (JNR) – that have been divested from the companies.

Examples of lines that were proposed for abolishment or transfer to third-sector companies throughout the 20th century include the Deficit 83 Lines and specified local lines.
Punggi
Punggi-eup (Korean: 풍기읍) is a town in the outer regions of Yeongju City, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea.  It has a population of about 16,000.

A portion of Sobaeksan National Park and the Memorial Park for the Korea Liberation Corps are located in Punggi-eup.

This town is well known throughout Korea for its Ginseng.

It is also the home of Dongyang University.

Yeongju
Yeongju (Korean: 영주; Korean pronunciation: [jʌŋ.dʑu]) is a city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It has an area of 668.84 square kilometres (258.24 sq mi) and a population of 113,930 people according to the 2008 census. The city borders Bonghwa county to the east, Danyang County of North Chungcheong Province to the west, Andong and Yecheon county to the south, and Yeongwol County of Gangwon Province to the north.

Buseoksa Temple in Yeongju is outstanding as a representative temple of the Avatamsaka Sect of Silla Buddhism.  Sosu Seowon is the first Seowon (Confucian academy) to have had national financial support by way of tax exemptions.

Yeongju is also home to a large Novelis Aluminum plant, employing approximately 1000 workers.  This plant provides flat-rolled aluminum sheet products to customers throughout Asia.
Kolding Boldklub
Kolding Boldklub is a Danish association football club from Kolding. KB, as the club commonly is known in Kolding (not to be confused with Kjøbenhavns Boldklub) is playing in the Denmark Series, the fourth tier in the Danish football league system.

Founded in 1919, the club competed in the inaugural 1955 Danish Cup tournament, and also played in the cup in 1970 and again 10 times from 1982 to 2000.

From 2002 to 2011 the club was the one half of the Kolding FC-merger, the other half being Kolding IF. This merger merged with Vejle Boldklub in 2011 to form Vejle Boldklub Kolding. This merger however, was short-lived and was dissolved in 2013 and split into Vejle Boldklub, Kolding IF and Kolding Boldklub.

Kjøbenhavns Boldklub
Kjøbenhavns Boldklub (known simply as KB) is a Danish professional multi-sports club based in Copenhagen. The club was founded on 26 April 1876 on the grassy fields in outer Copenhagen which later became Fælledparken. 
Tennis has been played since 1883. The club hosted, in 1921, one of the early tennis majors: the World Covered Court Championships, won by William Laurentz that year. Today, along with the sports already mentioned, the club also has facilities for badminton, swimming and pétanque.

Football and cricket has been played in KB since 1879, meaning that KB's football team was the first club on continental Europe and it went on to become one of the most successful club in Denmark, winning 15 Danish championship titles from 1913 to 1980. In 1991, KB and B 1903 merged their professional football teams and formed F.C. Copenhagen.
Emma Dunham Kelley-Hawkins
Emma Dunham Kelley-Hawkins (November 11, 1863 – October 22, 1938) was an American writer, and author of the novel Four Girls At Cottage City (1895).  An earlier novel, Megda (1891), was published under her maiden name of Emma Dunham Kelley and the pseudonym "Forget-me-not." Her father was Isaac Kelley, a sailor; her mother was Gabriella A. (Chase), and she had an older sister and younger half-brother. Kelley-Hawkins married Benjamin A. Hawkins, a civil engineer, in 1982 and had two daughters. Kelley-Hawkins and her work, which focused on themes of religion and gender, fell into obscurity before her death in 1938 as well as many years following. She later rose to prominence following the rediscovery of her works, with many focused on her racial identity.

Henry Louis Gates Jr.
Henry Louis Gates Jr. (born September 16, 1950), popularly known by his childhood nickname "Skip", is an American literary critic, professor, historian, and filmmaker who serves as the Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and the director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University. He is a trustee of the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. He rediscovered the earliest known African-American novels and has published extensively on the recognition of African-American literature as part of the Western canon.

In addition to producing and hosting previous series on the history and genealogy of prominent American figures, since 2012, Gates has been host of the television series Finding Your Roots on PBS. The series combines the work of expert researchers in genealogy, history, and historical research in genetics to tell guests about the lives and histories of their ancestors.