hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Epsom Downs
Epsom Downs is an area of chalk upland near Epsom, Surrey; in the North Downs.  Part of the area is taken up by the racecourse; the gallops are part of the land purchased by Stanly Wootton in 1925 and are open to users such as ramblers, model aircraft flyers, golfers and cyclists. Since January 2006 model aircraft flyers on the Downs have been required to be members of the Epsom Downs Model Aircraft Club. There are over 20 km of routeways for hack riders. There are bylaws for the use of the Downs. There are panoramic views of London to the north from the Downs. The area is served by Epsom Downs and Tattenham Corner railway stations.

North Downs
The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills and an area of downland in south-east England, that stretch from Farnham in Surrey to the White Cliffs of Dover in Kent. Much of the North Downs comprises two Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs): the Surrey Hills and the Kent Downs. The North Downs Way National Trail runs along the North Downs from Farnham to Dover. They form the northern boundary of the Weald, which is correspondingly bounded to the south by the South Downs.

The highest point in the North Downs is Botley Hill, Surrey (270 metres (890 ft) above sea level). The County Top of Kent is  Betsom's Hill (251 m (823 ft) above sea level), which is less than 1 km from Westerham Heights, Bromley, the highest point in Greater London at an elevation of 245 m (804 ft).
Motandra
Motandra is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae native to tropical Africa. As of August 2013 the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognises 3 species:

Species

Motandra guineensis (Thonn.) A.DC. - widespread from Liberia to Sudan and south to Angola

Motandra lujae De Wild. & T.Durand - Gabon, Congo, Cabinda, Equatorial Guinea, Zaire

Motandra poecilophylla Wernham - Gabon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon

formerly included

Motandra erlangeri K.Schum = Oncinotis tenuiloba Stapf

Motandra glabrata Baill. = Oncinotis glabrata (Baill.) Stapf ex Hiern

Motandra viridiflora K.Schum. = Baissea viridiflora (K.Schum.) de Kruif

Motandra welwitschiana Baill. = Oncinotis hirta Oliv.

Motandra guineensis
Motandra guineensis grows as a climbing shrub or liana up to 40 metres (130 ft) long, with a stem diameter of up to 10 centimetres (3.9 in). Its fragrant flowers feature a white to greenish white corolla. Fruit is dark green with paired follicles, each up to 18 centimetres (7.1 in) long. M. guineensis is found in a variety of habitats from sea-level to 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) altitude. In local traditional medicine, it is used for eye infections, toothache, headache and postpartum stomach pain. The plant is found in Guinea, Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Sudan, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Gabon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Uganda and Angola.
Katranide I
Katranide (Armenian: Կատրանիդե Ա, 9th century) was the first queen of the Bagratid Kingdom and a member of the Bagratuni dynasty. She was the wife of the first Bagratuni king – Ashot the Great (885–890). Katranide is known for her khachkar (879), which is situated in Garni, Armenia.

Little is known about her ancestors. Despite that, the names of their children and grandsons are known.

They had four sons and three daughters.

Ashot I of Armenia
Ashot I (Armenian: Աշոտ Ա; c. 820 – 890) was a king of Armenia who oversaw the beginning of Armenia's second golden age (862 – 977). He was the son of Smbat VIII the Confessor and was a member of the Bagratuni dynasty.
NOBIN
NOBIN (2-amino-2'-hydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl) is an organic molecule used for asymmetric catalysis. NOBIN is related to BINOL and other analogs by both having a chiral axis and being a scaffold for certain chemical reactions. NOBIN is an excellent catalyst for the aldol reaction producing reliable products, good yields, and excellent diastereoselectivity.

Though rotation around the bond joining the rings is limited by the hydrogen atoms, enantiomerically pure NOBIN may racemize upon heating.

NOBIN is prepared by oxidative cross coupling of 2-naphthol and 2-naphthylamine. The oxidative source is metal ions in solution such as Fe2+ or a Cu2+ amine complex.  Once racemic NOBIN is produced, it needs to be resolved. One method for this is the use of camphorsulfonic acid, in which the basic group of NOBIN is used to form a diastereomeric salt of one enantiomer. The other enantiomer however will stay in solution.

The two enantiomers of NOBIN, (S)-(-)-NOBIN (left) and (R)-(+)-NOBIN (right)

1,1′-Bi-2-naphthol
1,1′-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) is an organic compound that is often used as a ligand for transition-metal catalysed asymmetric synthesis. BINOL has axial chirality and the two enantiomers can be readily separated and are stable toward racemisation.  The specific rotation of the two enantiomers is 35.5° (c = 1 in THF), with the R enantiomer being the dextrorotary one. BINOL is a precursor for another chiral ligand called BINAP. The volumetric mass density of the two enantiomers is 0.62 g cm−3.
Mochi ice cream
Mochi ice cream is a confection made from Japanese mochi (pounded sticky rice) with an ice cream filling. In the United States, it was pioneered by Japanese-American businesswoman and community activist Frances Hashimoto with help from her husband, Joel.

Adzuki bean
Vigna angularis, also known as the adzuki bean (Japanese: 小豆, Hepburn: azuki), azuki bean, aduki bean, red bean, or red mung bean, is an annual vine widely cultivated throughout East Asia for its small (approximately 5 mm or 1⁄4 in long) bean. The cultivars most familiar in East Asia have a uniform red color, but there are white, black, gray, and variously mottled varieties.

Scientists presume Vigna angularis var. nipponensis is the progenitor.
Micruroides
Micruroides is a genus of venomous coral snake in the family Elapidae. The genus is monotypic, containing only the species Micruroides euryxanthus.

Micruroides euryxanthus, commonly known as the Sonoran coral snake, western coral snake or the Arizona coral snake, is endemic to northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States.

Kenneth S. Norris
Kenneth Stafford Norris (August 11, 1924 – August 16, 1998) was an American marine mammal biologist, conservationist, naturalist, and co-founder of SeaWorld.

Norris did pioneering work on dolphin echolocation. His conservation work included helping establish the University of California Natural Reserve System and work towards passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act. Norris was a professor at UCLA and UC Santa Cruz.

Norris, Milton Shedd, David Demott and George Millay co-founded SeaWorld. The four graduates of UCLA originally set out to build an underwater restaurant and marine life show. When the underwater restaurant concept was deemed unfeasible, they scrapped those plans and decided to build a park instead, and SeaWorld San Diego was opened on March 21, 1964.
Nebrius
Nebrius is a genus of carpet sharks in the family Ginglymostomatidae.

It contains a single extant species, the tawny nurse shark (Nebrius ferrugineus), as well as a number of extinct species dating back to the Early Paleocene.

Danian
The Danian is the oldest age or lowest stage of the Paleocene Epoch or Series, of the Paleogene Period or System, and of the Cenozoic Era or Erathem. The beginning of the Danian (and the end of the preceding Maastrichtian) is at the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 Ma. The age ended 61.66 Ma, being followed by the Selandian.
Rostock Piranhas
The Rostock Piranhas are the male first team of the Rostocker Ice Hockey Club, based in Rostock, Germany. The team plays in the North Section of the Oberliga (Upper League), the third tier of German ice hockey.  The team's home ice is the Eishalle Rostock at the Schillingallee in the Kröpeliner-Tor-Vorstadt (KTV) area of Rostock, next to DKB-Arena.

Ostseestadion
The Ostseestadion is the home stadium of FC Hansa Rostock, a German association football club, located in the city of Rostock. It has a capacity of 29,000.

"Ostseestadion" translates in English to "Baltic Sea Stadium", and is named after the Baltic Sea, whose coast Rostock lies upon. Ostseestadion is the original name of the stadium, but on 2 July 2007, Hansa Rostock sold the naming rights for the following 10 years to Deutsche Kreditbank (DKB), hence the new official name became "DKB Arena". In 2015, the club announced that the stadium was to regain its original name, and that the DKB had allowed an early renaming of the stadium and agreed to end the naming contract in advance.
Phillip Tobias
Phillip Vallentine Tobias FRS (14 October 1925 – 7 June 2012) was a South African palaeoanthropologist and Professor Emeritus at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. He was best known for his work at South Africa's hominid fossil sites. He was also an activist for the eradication of apartheid and gave numerous anti-apartheid speeches at protest rallies and also to academic audiences.

Sterkfontein
Sterkfontein (Afrikaans for Strong Spring) is a set of limestone caves of special interest in paleoanthropology located in Gauteng province, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa, in the Muldersdrift area close to the town of Krugersdorp. The archaeological sites of Swartkrans and Kromdraai are in the same area. Sterkfontein is a South African National Heritage Site and was also declared a World Heritage Site in 2000. The area in which it is situated is known as the Cradle of Humankind. The Sterkfontein Caves are also home to numerous wild African species including Belonogaster petiolata, a wasp species of which there is a large nesting presence.

Numerous early hominin remains have been found at the site over the last few decades. These have been attributed to Australopithecus, early Homo and Paranthropus.

In 2024 the cave was closed to visitors by its owner due to flooding. The caves reopened to the public on 15 April 2025.
Étienne-François Avisse
Étienne-François Avisse (4 August 1694 – 23 December 1747) was an 18th-century French playwright.

Avisse was born and died in Paris, and gave the Comédie-Française and the Comédie Italienne some comedies, of which the most famous are:

1730: le Divorce ou les époux mécontents

1730: la Réunion forcée, composed about a famous trial the actress Marie-Anne Duclos had brought with her husband, Pierre-Jacques Chemin actor, so that their marriage be annulled

1731: la Gouvernante, critic of the théâtre larmoyant which inspired le Vieux célibataire by Collin d’Harleville ;

1742: le Valet embarrassé ou la vieille amoureuse, which gave the idea for the opéra comique Ma Tante Aurore ;

1743: les Petits-Maîtres that marked an epoch, since it was during the course of the performance that the actors imagined to give on the stage fireworks composed by the Ruggieri brothers from Bologna ;

les Faux Marquis ou les Bourgeois petits-maîtres, etc.

Collin d'Harleville
Jean-François Collin d'Harleville (30 May 1755 – 24 February 1806) was a French dramatist.

He was born at Maintenon (Eure-et-Loir). His first dramatic success was L'Inconstant, a comedy accepted by the Comédie Française in 1780, but not produced there until six years later, though it was played elsewhere in 1784. This was followed by L'Optimiste, ou l'homme toujours content (1788), and Châteaux en Espagne (1789). His best play, Le vieux célibataire, appeared in 1793.

Among his other plays are the one-act comedy Monsieur de Crac dans son petit castel (1791), Les Artistes (1796), Les Mœurs du jour (1800) and Malice pour malice (1803).

Collin was one of the original members of the Institute of France, and died in Paris.

The 1822 edition of his Théâtre et poésies fugitives contains a notice by his friend the dramatist François Andrieux. His Théâtre was also edited by Louis Moland in 1876; and by Edouard Thierry in 1882.
Anakapalle Assembly constituency
Anakapalle Assembly constituency is a constituency in Anakapalli district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Anakapalle Lok Sabha constituency.

Konathala Ramakrishna is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Janasena Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 204,699 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Anakapalli district
Anakapalli district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was formed on 4 April 2022 from Anakapalli and Narsipatnam revenue divisions of the old Visakhapatnam district. The administrative headquarters are at Anakapalli. Sankaram, 3 km from Anakapalli is identified to be developed as the headquarters of the new district.
George Frederick Dashwood
Lieutenant George Frederick Dashwood RN (20 September 1806 – 15 March 1881), frequently referred to as "Captain Dashwood", was a naval officer, public servant and politician in South Australia. He was appointed an acting member of the Legislative Council of South Australia, serving from June 1843 to June 1844.

Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1843–1851
This is a list of members of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1843 to 1851. Beginning with the Royal Instructions gazetted 15 June 1843, there were four official and four non-official members of the legislative council consisting of: the governor, colonial secretary, advocate-general, and registrar-General with four non-official members being nominated by the Crown. The council was the only chamber of government until the House of Assembly was created in 1857.

[a] Bartley was acting while Smillie was on leave 1849

[b] Sturt was absent exploring 1844–1845, MacDonald acted

[c] Hanson was acting while Smillie was on leave 1851
Christopher Ruocchio
Christopher Ruocchio is an American author of science fiction and fantasy novels. He is  best known for The Sun Eater series, the first of which earned him the 2019 Manly Wade Wellman Award. The second book in the series, Howling Dark, was nominated for a 2020 Dragon Award. He is a former assistant editor at Baen Books and has co-edited four genre anthologies.

Frank Herbert
Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr. (October 8, 1920 – February 11, 1986) was an American science-fiction author, best known for his 1965 novel Dune and five sequels to it. He also wrote short stories and worked as a newspaper journalist, photographer, book reviewer, ecological consultant, and lecturer.

Dune is the best-selling science fiction novel of all time, and the series is a classic of the science-fiction genre. The series has been adapted numerous times, including the feature film David Lynch's Dune (1984), the miniseries Frank Herbert's Dune (2000) and Children of Dune (2003), and a motion picture trilogy currently in production, with Denis Villeneuve's Dune (2021) and Dune: Part Two (2024) having been released.
Mayflower (scow-schooner)
The Mayflower was a wooden hulled scow-schooner that sank on June 2, 1891, in Lake Superior near Duluth, Minnesota, United States, after capsizing with a load of sandstone blocks. In 2012 the shipwreck site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Scow
A scow is a smaller type of barge. Some scows are rigged as sailing scows. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, scows carried cargo in coastal waters and inland waterways, having an advantage for navigating shallow water or small harbours. Scows were in common use in the American Great Lakes and other parts of the U.S., Canada, southern England, and New Zealand. In modern times their main recreational purpose is for racing, but the hull type is widely used in the construction industry and as garbage scows for aquatic transport of refuse.
Enkenbach station
Enkenbach station is the only station in Enkenbach-Alsenborn in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It  has two platforms tracks and is located in the network of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar transport association, VRN) and belongs to fare zone 828. Its address is Bahnhofstraße 2.

It is located on the Alsenz Valley Railway (Alsenztalbahn, Hochspeyer–Bad Münster) and was put into service on 29 October 1870 with the opening of the section from Hochspeyer to Winnweiler. On 16 May of the following year it was opened over its whole length. In 1875, the station became the eastern end of the Kaiserslautern–Enkenbach railway, which formed a shorter route for trains from the Alsenz line to Kaiserslautern. In 1932, the Eis Valley Railway (Eistalbahn, Grünstadt–Eisenberg), which was opened in 1876, was extended through to Enkenbach. Between Eiswoog and Enkenbach, the latter line has now been closed.

Grünstadt station
Grünstadt station is a railway junction where the Palatine Northern Railway connects with the Eis Valley Railway and the disused tracks of the Leiningen Valley Railway and the Worms–Grünstadt railway. It is one of three stations in the urban area of Grünstadt in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The station's entrance building of 1873 as well as parts of the premises are protected as monuments. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.
Marcel Gumbs
Marcel Faustiano Augustin Gumbs (born 26 February 1953) is a Sint Maarten politician who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Sint Maarten from 2014 to 2015. He was selected as prime minister in the coalition agreement between the United People's Party and the independent Members Parliament Cornelius de Weever and Leona Marlin-Romeo. Prior to becoming prime minister, he served as a member on the Sint Maarten Council of Advise.

Prime Minister of Sint Maarten
The prime minister of Sint Maarten became the head of government of Sint Maarten after the Netherlands Antilles had been dissolved on 10 October 2010. The prime minister, together with the Council of Ministers and the governor of Sint Maarten, form the executive branch of the government of Sint Maarten. Sint Maarten's current prime minister is Luc Mercelina.
JJ Hanrahan
John Joseph Hanrahan (born 27 July 1992) is an Irish rugby union player who plays for Munster in the United Rugby Championship. He plays primarily as a fly-half, but can also play as a centre or fullback.

2014 IRB Nations Cup
The 2014 IRB Nations Cup was the ninth edition of the international rugby union tournament, a competition created by the International Rugby Board. For the eighth time in a row, it was held in Bucharest, Romania. It was played between 13 and 22 June and ran alongside the 2014 IRB Tbilisi Cup in Georgia. Romania were joined by Uruguay, Emerging Ireland and ENC side Russia and defended the title they won in 2012 and 2013. All of the fixtures were played at the 5,000 capacity Stadionul Naţional de Rugby, the home stadium for the hosts Romania.

The Emerging Ireland team won the title for the first time and Robin Copeland was named as the player of the tournament.
Ideal theory
In mathematics, ideal theory is the theory of ideals in commutative rings. While the notion of an ideal exists also for non-commutative rings, a much more substantial theory exists only for commutative rings (and this article therefore only considers ideals in commutative rings.)

Throughout the articles, rings refer to commutative rings. See also the article ideal (ring theory) for basic operations such as sum or products of ideals.

Radical of an ideal
In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, the radical of an ideal  of a commutative ring is another ideal defined by the property that an element  is in the radical if and only if some power of  is in . Taking the radical of an ideal is called radicalization. A radical ideal (or semiprime ideal) is an ideal that is equal to its radical. The radical of a primary ideal is a prime ideal.

This concept is generalized to non-commutative rings in the semiprime ring article.
Higashi Sankei Prefectural Natural Park
Higashi Sankei Prefectural Natural Park (東山渓県立自然公園, Higashi Sankei kenritsu shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Established in 2005, the park spans the borders of the municipalities of Kamiyama, Katsuura, Naka, Sanagōchi, and Tokushima. The park encompasses Mount Nakatsumine (中津峰山) and the Hata Five Falls (八多五滝) as well as the temples of Kakurin-ji (鶴林寺) and Tairyū-ji (太龍寺), temples 20 and 21 on the Shikoku pilgrimage.

Naka, Tokushima
Naka (那賀町, Naka-chō) is a town located in Naka District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2022, the town had an estimated population of 7,597 in 3734 households and a population density of 11 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 694.98 square kilometres (268.33 sq mi).
Ülker Radziwill
Ülker Radziwill (born 10 June 1966) is a Turkish-born German politician from the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She has been a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin since 2023, having previously served from 2001 to 2021. She is the chair of the Democratic Left 21 Forum within the SPD. From 2021 to 2023, she was State Secretary for Tenant Protection and Neighborhood Development in the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development, Construction and Housing.

Radziwill has been the state chairwoman of the AWO state association Berlin since 11 November 2023.

Direktmandat
In Germany, a direktmandat (English: direct mandate) is a parliamentary seat that is won by the candidate who receives the most votes in a constituency in a legislative election. In the mixed-member proportional representation system used in Germany, a political party receives mandates on the state list for the number of seats it wins in the constituencies, so that direct mandates generally have no influence on the number of seats the parties have in parliament. In contrast, in a majority voting system such as in the United Kingdom or the United States, the number of seats the parties have depends exclusively on their success in the constituencies.
Sentinel (band)
Sentinel is an American indie dream rock duo originating from San Francisco, California. Currently, Tarabud and Bestafka are based out of Seattle, Washington. Their music style is self-described as indie-dream pop. The band played regularly in clubs and venues around the San Francisco Bay Area. These include KZSU Stanford Live in Studio, Bottom of the Hill, The Uptown, Blakes on Telegraph, The Red Devil Lounge, 19 Broadway, the Great American Music Hall, Cafe Du Nord, Six Flags Discovery Kingdom Main Stage, The Make-Out Room and Bay Street Emeryville. They were played regularly on Bay Area radio stations including KITS Live105, KSAN The Bone, KALX UC Berkeley, KUSF UC San Francisco, KZSU Stanford and regularly made the list of top Bay Area local bands. In 2011, Tarabud was a top female musician for the Bay Area according to Live105 FM Music News.

KZSU
KZSU (KZ Stanford University) is a freeform FM radio station broadcasting from the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California, United States.

KZSU broadcasts in stereo at 90.1 MHz FM with an effective radiated power of 500 watts. The station is owned by the trustees of Stanford University and is governed by a board of directors appointed by the university's president. Operations are managed by a general manager selected each year from the student body.
Athletics at the 2003 Pan American Games – Women's javelin throw
The final of the Women's Javelin Throw event at the 2003 Pan American Games took place on Thursday August 7, 2003. America's Kim Kreiner dethroned reigning PanAm champion and world record holder Osleidys Menéndez from Cuba.

Athletics at the 2003 Pan American Games
The athletics competition at the 2003 Pan American Games was held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from Tuesday, August 5, to Saturday, August 9, 2003. The competition comprised track and field events plus marathon races and three racewalking events, with a total of 46 contests taking place.