hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2020–21 AC Monza season
The 2020–21 season was Associazione Calcio Monza's 39th season—and 1st in 19 years—in the Serie B, the second level of Italian football. The club participated in the Serie B, finishing third, and reached the fourth round of the Coppa Italia. In the promotion play-offs, Monza lost to Cittadella 3–2 on aggregate in the semi-finals.

AS Cittadella
Associazione Sportiva Cittadella, commonly referred to as Cittadella, is an Italian professional football club based in the city of Cittadella, Veneto, currently playing in Serie C Group A, following relegation in the 2024–25 season.

The team was founded in 1973 and play their home games at the Stadio Pier Cesare Tombolato, which has a capacity of 7,623 seats.
2009 Lambertz Open by STAWAG
The 2009 Lambertz Open by STAWAG was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the nineteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Aachen, Germany between 9 and 15 November 2009.

2009 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2009 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 20 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and 142 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $150,000.
Lighthouses on the Isle of Arran
Three lighthouses can be found around the shores of the Isle of Arran in the Firth of Clyde. One is located on the island of Pladda in the south and the other two can be found on Holy Island in Lamlash Bay to the east of Arran. All three are still in service and maintained by the Northern Lighthouse Board. They are now fully automatic since the electrification of both lighthouses on Holy Isle in 1977.

Northern Lighthouse Board
The Northern Lighthouse Board (NLB) is the general lighthouse authority for Scotland and the Isle of Man. It is a non-departmental public body responsible for marine navigation aids around coastal areas.
Nage-Waza-Ura-no-kata
The Nage-waza ura-no-kata (投業裏の形, Nage-waza ura-no-kata, "forms of reversing throwing techniques") is a judo kata that (like the inferior Gonosen-no-kata) focuses on counter-attacks to throwing techniques. Its superiority, over Gonosen-no-kata, can be attributed to the fact that it was developed by the sublimely talented Mifune Kyūzō, to be a formal kata, and not some ad hoc collection of counters proceeded by some protocol. The exercise is not an officially recognized Kodokan kata.

Ippon seoi nage
The ippon seoi nage (一本背負い投げ; lit. 'one arm over the back throw') is a throw in judo. It is a variant of Seoi nage, and is one of the nineteen accepted techniques in Shinmeisho No Waza of Kodokan Judo.  It is classified as a hand throwing technique, or te-waza.  Ippon seoi nage literally means "one arm over the back throw", but has also been translated as a "one arm shoulder throw", as the opponent or uke is thrown over the thrower or tori's shoulder.
Anticorticosteroid
Anticorticosteroids or anticorticoids are drugs which oppose the actions of corticosteroids. They include:

Antiglucocorticoids – e.g., mifepristone, ketoconazole, aminoglutethimide

Antimineralocorticoids – e.g., spironolactone, canrenone, eplerenone

Antiglucocorticoid
Antiglucocorticoid drugs are a class of medications that act to reduce the effects of glucocorticoids, primarily cortisol, in the body. They include direct glucocorticoid receptor antagonists such as mifepristone and synthesis inhibitors such as metyrapone, ketoconazole, and aminoglutethimide. They are used to treat Cushing's syndrome.

These drugs have also been investigated for their potential therapeutic benefits in various psychiatric disorders, particularly depression and psychosis. The rationale behind using antiglucocorticoids in psychiatry stems from the observed dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in many psychiatric conditions, which often manifests as elevated cortisol levels.
2023 Classic Brugge–De Panne Women
The 2023 Classic Brugge–De Panne was a Belgian road cycling one-day race that took place on 23 March 2023. It was the 6th edition of Classic Brugge–De Panne and the 8th event of the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour.

The race was won by British rider Pfeiffer Georgi of Team DSM after a solo attack with around 7 kilometres to go.

Classic Brugge–De Panne
The Classic Brugge–De Panne is a road cycling race in Belgium in late March. Since 2018 it is raced over two days with a men's race on Wednesday and a women's race on Thursday. Both races start in Bruges and finish in the seaside resort of De Panne. The race is considered a "sprinters classic", with many editions finishing in a sprint finish.

The women's event is included in the UCI Women's World Tour; the men's race was part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 1.HC event, but was promoted to the UCI World Tour as a 1.WT event in 2019.
Suwon FC
Suwon FC (Korean: 수원 FC; Hanja: 水原 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Suwon that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. They play their home games at Suwon Stadium.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Omicron Draconis
Omicron Draconis (Latinised as ο Draconis, abbreviated to ο Dra) is a giant star in the constellation Draco located 322.93 light years from the Earth. Its path in the night sky is circumpolar for latitudes greater than 31o north, meaning the star never rises or sets when viewed in the night sky.

This is a single-lined spectroscopic binary system, but the secondary has been detected using interferometry. It is an RS Canum Venaticorum variable system with eclipses. The total amplitude of variation is only a few hundredths of a magnitude. The secondary star is similar to the Sun, presumably a main-sequence star, while the primary is a giant star 25 times larger than the Sun and two hundred times more luminous.

RS Canum Venaticorum variable
An RS Canum Venaticorum variable is a type of variable star. The variable type consists of close binary stars having active chromospheres which can cause large stellar spots. These spots are believed to cause variations in their observed luminosity.  Systems can exhibit variations on timescales of years due to variation in the spot surface coverage fraction, as well as periodic variations which are, in general, close to the orbital period of the binary system.  Some systems exhibit variations in luminosity due to their being eclipsing binaries.  Typical brightness fluctuation is around 0.2 magnitudes. They take their name from the star RS Canum Venaticorum (abbreviated RS CVn). A nearby example is χ1 Orionis, at only 28 light years away.
Yi Kwal
Yi Kwal (Korean: 이괄; Hanja: 李适; 1562 – 14 February 1624) was a general during the Joseon Dynasty, Korea, known for the failed Yi Kwal's Rebellion. His family belonged to the Goseong Yi clan.

He rebelled against King Injo in 1624, but failed. Yi Kwal was then killed by his own troops. Yi Kwal's rebellion put Korea into a state of chaos before it was invaded by the Manchu Qing dynasty.

Goseong Lee clan
The Goseong Lee clan (Korean: 고성 이씨; Hanja: 固城 李氏) is a Korean clan. Their bon-gwan is in Goseong County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the census held in 2015, the number of members was 104,768. Their founder was Yi Hwang, who was appointed as Lord of Goseong after he successfully defeated the Khitans. Yi Hwang lived during the reign of King Deokjong of Goryeo. He was supposedly the 24th descendant of a certain Li Pan (Chinese: 李槃) from the Han dynasty, who had entered the Korean peninsula during Emperor Wu's conquest of Wiman Joseon.
2016 Manipur unrest
From 1 November 2016 to 19 March 2017, Manipur, a state in Northeast India faced economic blockade by United Naga Council. The blockade began as a protest of the government's decision to create seven new districts in the state, which was perceived as weakening the Naga vote.

Meitei people
The Meitei people, also known as Meetei people, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group native to the Indian State of  Manipur. They form the largest and dominant ethnic group of Manipur in Northeast India. They speak the Meitei language (officially called Manipuri), one of the 22 official languages of the Republic of India and the sole official language of government of Manipur.
The Meiteis primarily settled in the Imphal Valley region in modern-day Manipur, though a sizeable population has settled in the other Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. There is also a notable presence of Meiteis in the neighbouring countries of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Meiteis represent about 53% of Manipur's population.
Feedforward neural network
A feedforward neural network is an artificial neural network in which information flows in a single direction – inputs are multiplied by weights to obtain outputs (inputs-to-output). It contrasts with a recurrent neural network, in which loops allow information from later processing stages to feed back to earlier stages. Feedforward multiplication is essential for backpropagation, because feedback, where the outputs feed back to the very same inputs and modify them, forms an infinite loop which is not possible to differentiate through backpropagation. This nomenclature appears to be a point of confusion between some computer scientists and scientists in other fields studying brain networks.

Activation function
In artificial neural networks, the activation function of a node is a function that calculates the output of the node based on its individual inputs and their weights. Nontrivial problems can be solved using only a few nodes if the activation function is nonlinear.

Modern activation functions include the logistic (sigmoid) function used in the 2012 speech recognition model developed by Hinton et al; the ReLU used in the 2012 AlexNet computer vision model and in the 2015 ResNet model; and the smooth version of the ReLU, the GELU, which was used in the 2018 BERT model.
Ferrari V10 engine
Ferrari manufactured a series of 3.0-litre, naturally-aspirated, V10 racing engines, exclusively for their Formula One race cars, between 1996 and 2005. They chose a V10 engine configuration, because it offered the best compromise between power and fuel efficiency; the V12 was more powerful but less efficient while the V8 was less powerful but more economical. They switched to 2.4-litre naturally-aspirated V8 engine configuration for 2006.

Over its decade-long evolution, power levels varied; from 715 hp (533 kW; 725 PS) at 15,500 rpm in 1996, to over 900 horsepower, around 935 hp (697 kW; 948 PS) at 19,000 rpm, toward the end of the 2005 season. The Tipo 05 series of engines, produced between 2001 and 2005, was officially stated to produce between 825 hp (615 kW; 836 PS) at 17,800 rpm, and 865 hp (645 kW; 877 PS) at 18,300 rpm. In qualifying mode, these engine were reputed to develop up to, or at times over, 900 horsepower (670 kW) at 19,000 rpm.

Ferrari F2002
The Ferrari F2002 was a racing car used by Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro as its entry for competition in the 2002 Formula One season.  The chassis was designed by Rory Byrne, Ignazio Lunetta, Aldo Costa, Marco Fainello, Nikolas Tombazis and James Allison and Paolo Martinelli, assisted by Giles Simon (engine design and development) and Pino D'Agostino (engine operations), under the overall leadership of Ross Brawn who was the team's Technical Director and Jean Todt the team Manager. It won fifteen Grands Prix, from a total of nineteen races in 2002 and 2003. It is widely regarded as one of the most successful Formula One car designs of all time, as Michael Schumacher drove it to a then record-equaling fifth world drivers' title in 2002, while easily clinching the 2002 constructors' title with as many points as all other teams put together.
169th Fighter Wing
The 169th Fighter Wing is a unit of the South Carolina Air National Guard stationed at McEntire Joint National Guard Base in Columbia, South Carolina. The wing operates the F-16 Fighting Falcon and provides air defense for the southeastern United States. It maintains wartime readiness and supports worldwide Air Force deployments and missions.

Aerospace Defense Command
Aerospace Defense Command was a major command of the United States Air Force, responsible for air defense of the continental United States. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was established in 1946, briefly inactivated in 1950, reactivated in 1951, and then redesignated Aerospace rather than Air in 1968. Its mission was to provide air defense of the Continental United States (CONUS). It directly controlled all active measures, and was tasked to coordinate all passive means of air defense.
Frontier Poetry
Frontier Poetry is an American poetry magazine and publisher based in Portland, Oregon and Los Angeles, California. Established in 2016 by founding editors, Kim Winternheimer and Joshua Roark, the magazine publishes work from newer poets and unpublished writers.

The Southern Review
The Southern Review is a quarterly literary magazine that was established by Robert Penn Warren in 1935 at the behest of Charles W. Pipkin and funded by Huey Long as a part of his investment in Louisiana State University. It publishes fiction, poetry, critical essays, and excerpts from novels in progress by established and emerging writers and includes reproductions of visual art. The Southern Review continues to follow Warren's articulation of the mission when he said that it gives "writers decent company between the covers, and [concentrates] editorial authority sufficiently for the journal to have its own distinctive character and quality".
Broughton Cross
Broughton Cross is a hamlet in the county of Cumbria, England. Nearby settlements include the villages of Brigham and Great Broughton. It was on the A66 road until it was by-passed. It had a railway station called Broughton Cross railway station which opened on 28 April 1847 and closed on 2 March 1942.

Great Broughton, Cumbria
Great Broughton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Broughton, in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It caters strongly for visitors. The estimated resident population was 1,823 in 2017.
West Falmouth station
West Falmouth station was a railroad station located on Old Dock Road in West Falmouth, Massachusetts.

The original station opened in 1872. It was torn down after rail service ended and the structure was removed prior to September, 1999. The tracks were raised and removed in 2008. In the following year, the Shining Sea Bikeway was completed in North Falmouth next to the rail line to Otis Air National Guard Base.

Shining Sea Bikeway
The Shining Sea Bikeway is a rail trail on Cape Cod in Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States. The path runs for 10.7 miles (17.2 km) from the Steamship Authority ferry terminal in Woods Hole to County Road in North Falmouth. The Shining Sea Bikeway is the oldest rail trail in Massachusetts, the first in the United States to be assembled by eminent domain, and the legal struggle to create the trail led to the strongest state rail corridor protection legislation in the country.: 11, 18
Sydney Metro Inspiro Stock
The Sydney Metro Inspiro Stock are a class of electric multiple units currently being built to operate on the Sydney Metro network starting from 2027. Built by Siemens Mobility as part of their Inspiro High Capacity (HC) family, the trains are the second fully automated passenger rolling stock in Australia.

A total of 36 carriages, forming 12 3-car trains, have been ordered for the Western Sydney Airport Line, set to open in 2027.

Siemens Inspiro
The Siemens Inspiro is a family of electric multiple unit trains designed and manufactured by Siemens Mobility since 2012 for metro systems. The product was launched on 19 September 2012 at the InnoTrans in Berlin. The first Inspiro entered service with Warsaw Metro on 6 October 2013.
Andrzej Komorowski
Andrzej Komorowski (born 19 October 1975) is a Polish traditionalist Catholic priest and the former Superior General of the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter. He was elected to a six-year term on 9 July 2018 by the General Chapter of the Fraternity at Our Lady of Guadalupe Seminary located in Denton, Nebraska. He was succeeded by Fr. John Berg on July 9, 2024.

Komorowski resides at the Fraternity's General House in Fribourg, Switzerland. He is the fourth Superior General of the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter and the first Pole to hold that position.

At their February 29, 2024 private meeting at Vatican City, Pope Francis confirmed that the Tridentine Mass restrictions do not apply to the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter.

Our Lady of Guadalupe Seminary
Our Lady of Guadalupe Seminary of the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter, a Society of Apostolic Life in the Catholic Church, is located in Denton, Nebraska. The seminary is well known for cultivating Gregorian chant.

The rector is Josef Bisig.
CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890
The Cape Government Railways 5th Class 4-6-0 of 1890 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1890, the Cape Government Railways placed twenty 5th Class tender locomotives with a 4-6-0 Tenwheeler type wheel arrangement in mainline service on its Midland and Western Systems.

Central South African Railways
The Central South African Railways (CSAR) was from 1902 to 1910 the operator of public railways in the Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony in what is now South Africa. During the Anglo-Boer War, as British forces moved into the territory of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic, the Orange Free State Government Railways, the Netherlands-South African Railway Company and the Pretoria-Pietersburg Railway were taken over by the Imperial Military Railways under Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Girouard.

After the war had ended, the Imperial Military Railways became the Central South African Railways in July 1902, with Thomas Rees Price as general manager. With the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, the CSAR was merged with the Cape Government Railways and the Natal Government Railways to form the South African Railways, which is now Transnet Freight Rail.
John Muldoon (rugby union, born 1982)
John Muldoon (born 30 November 1982) is an Irish rugby union coach and former player. He is currently the Lineout & Maul coach for Connacht.

During his playing career, Muldoon played in the back row, primarily as a number 8 but also at blindside flanker. He spent his entire professional career with Irish provincial team Connacht and represented Ireland at test level. Muldoon holds the record for appearances for Connacht, is also the most-capped player in the Pro14.

Before becoming a professional rugby player, Muldoon played hurling with Portumna. He won an inter-county All-Ireland minor medal in 2000 playing for Galway against Cork.

Pat Lam
Patrick Richard Lam (born 29 September 1968) is a rugby union coach and former player.  He is currently Director of Rugby at Bristol Bears in England's Premiership Rugby.

Born in New Zealand, he represented New Zealand in schools and under-21 rugby. He played for Auckland, North Harbour, Crusaders, Newcastle Falcons and Northampton Saints. He also won 25 caps for Samoa, including at the 1991, 1995 and 1999 World Cups. His usual position was number 8.

Since retiring as a player he has coached teams including Auckland and Connacht.
Hatun Chhuka
Hatun Chhuka (Quechua hatun big, chhuka angle, "big angle", Hispanicized spelling Hatunchuca) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 m (15,700 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Espinar Province, Ocoruro District. It lies north of Atawallpa.

Atawallpa (Cusco)
Atawallpa (Aymara for hen, Hispanicized spelling Atahualpa) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Espinar Province, on the border of the districts of Condoroma and Ocoruro. The mountain northwest of it is Atawallpa Much'u ("hen's little child"). Atawallpa lies at a lake named Wallatani ("the one with the Andean goose", Hispanicized Guallatane).
Shughnon District
Shughnon District is a district in eastern Tajikistan, in the central-western part of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO). It is bordered by the river Panj and Afghanistan on the west, the Rushan Range and Rushon District on the north, Murghob District on the east and the Shughnon Range and Roshtqal'a District on the south. It corresponds to the valley of the river Gunt. The district seat is the village Vahdat. The population of Shughnon District is 38,000 (1 January 2020 estimate).

Panj (river)
The Panj, traditionally known as the Ochus River, is a river in Afghanistan and Tajikistan and  a tributary of the Amu Darya. The river is 921 km (572 mi) long and has a basin area of 114,000 km2 (44,000 mi2). It forms a considerable part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border.

The river is formed by the confluence of the Pamir River and the Wakhan River near the village of Qala-i-Panjah in the Wakhan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan. From there, it flows westwards and marks part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border. After passing the city of Khorog, capital of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan, it receives water from one of its main tributaries, the Bartang River. It then turns towards the southwest, before joining the Vakhsh River and forming the greatest river of Central Asia, the Amu Darya. The Panj played an important role during Soviet era, and was a strategic river during the Soviet military operations in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
Cornelis Kruys
Cornelis Kruys (1619, in Haarlem – 1660, in Schiedam) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

According to the RKD, he was a painter of flower still lifes. He became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1644. He became a member of the Leiden Guild of St. Luke in 1649, and moved to Schiedam in 1651.

Leiden Guild of St. Luke
The Leiden Guild of Saint Luke refers to three artist collectives in Leiden; the Leidsche St. Lucas Gilde dating from 1648, the newer Leidse Tekenacademie established in 1694, and the collective known as Ars Aemula Naturae (art competes with nature) established in 1799.
111th Attack Squadron
The 111th Attack Squadron (111 ATKS) is a unit of the Texas Air National Guard 147th Attack Wing located at Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base, Houston, Texas. The 111th is equipped with the General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).

The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I 111th Aero Squadron, established on 14 August 1917. It was reformed on 29 June 1923, as the 111th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

The 111th Attack Squadron is the oldest unit of the Texas Air National Guard, with over 95 years of service to the State of Texas and the United States.

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star is the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) during World War II. Designed and built by Lockheed in 1943 and delivered just 143 days from the start of design, two pre-production models saw limited service in Italy just before the end of World War II but no combat. Designed with straight wings, the type saw extensive combat in Korea with the United States Air Force (USAF) as the F-80.

America's first successful turbojet-powered combat aircraft, it was soon outclassed with the appearance of the swept-wing transonic MiG-15 and was quickly replaced in the air superiority role by the transonic F-86 Sabre. The F-94 Starfire, an all-weather interceptor using the same airframe, also saw Korean War service. The closely related T-33 Shooting Star trainer remained in service with the U.S. Air Force and Navy well into the 1980s, with the last NT-33 variant not retired until April 1997.