hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LET L-23 Super Blaník
The LET L-23 Super Blaník is a two-seat, all-metal structure glider with fabric covered control surfaces. The aircraft is primarily used for flight training; its single-seat sister model is the Let L-33 Solo.

Glider (aircraft)
A glider is a fixed-wing aircraft that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its lifting surfaces, and whose free flight does not depend on an engine. Most gliders do not have an engine, although motor-gliders have small engines for extending their flight when necessary by sustaining the altitude (normally a sailplane relies on rising air to maintain altitude) with some being powerful enough to take off by self-launch.

There are a wide variety of types differing in the construction of their wings, aerodynamic efficiency, location of the pilot, controls and intended purpose. Most exploit meteorological phenomena to maintain or gain height. Gliders are principally used for the air sports of gliding, hang gliding and paragliding. However some spacecraft have been designed to descend as gliders and in the past military gliders have been used in warfare. Some simple and familiar types of glider are toys such as paper planes and balsa wood gliders.
Durham Road railway station
Durham Road railway station was a small rural railway station on the Marton–New Plymouth Line in Taranaki, New Zealand. It opened on 17 December 1879 as part of the line’s extension from Inglewood towards Stratford. Serving the local farming community south of Inglewood, the station was lightly equipped – typically just a shelter shed, a short passenger platform with a cart access, and a simple loading bank for goods. The station saw light use - primarily from local mixed trains and goods services for the local farm, including a nearby dairy factory. Regular passenger services ended in 1963 while Durham Road remained open for goods services until 24 January 1966.

Marton–New Plymouth line
The Marton–New Plymouth line (MNPL) is a secondary railway in the North Island of New Zealand, linking the Taranaki and Manawatū-Whanganui regions. It diverges from the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) at Marton and follows the South Taranaki Bight along the west coast before turning inland to meet the Stratford–Okahukura Line (SOL) at Stratford, continuing on to New Plymouth.

Construction of the line was completed in 1885. With the completion of the SOL in 1933, the combined route provided an alternative western connection to the NIMT—though this role diminished when the SOL was mothballed in 2010. In its early years, the MNPL hosted the New Plymouth Express, the North Island’s first regional express service. Following the withdrawal of passenger services in 1977, the line has been used exclusively for freight.
Isle of the Cross
"Isle of the Cross" (c. 1853) is a possible unpublished and lost work by Herman Melville, which would have been his eighth book, coming after the commercial and critical failures of  Moby-Dick (1851) and Pierre: or, The Ambiguities (1852).  Melville biographer Hershel Parker suggests that the work, perhaps a novel, perhaps a story, was what had been known as the "story of Agatha," completed around May 1853. He further suggests that finishing the work showed that Melville had not, as many biographers argued, been discouraged and turned away from fiction.

Unlike almost all of Melville's other fiction, this work has a female central character.

Merton Sealts
Merton M. Sealts Jr. (December 8, 1915 – June 4, 2000) was a scholar of American literature, focusing on Ralph Waldo Emerson and Herman Melville. His most important works are the genetic edition of Melville's Billy Budd, Sailor (1962, co-edited with Harrison Hayford), Pursuing Melville, 1940–1980 (1982) and Melville's Reading (1966, revised edition 1988). He taught at Lawrence College (1948–1965), and became Henry A. Pochmann Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Madison (1965-1982). He won both Ford Foundation and Guggenheim fellowships.
2025 J1 League
The 2025 J1 League, also known as the 2025 Meiji Yasuda J1 League (Japanese: 2025 明治安田J1リーグ, Hepburn: 2025 Meiji Yasuda J1 Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of J1 League, the top Japanese professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. This was the 11th season of the league since its rebrand from J.League Division 1.

Vissel Kobe were the defending champions, having won their second league title in a row on the last matchday of the 2024 season.

Kashima Antlers won a record-extending ninth J.League title on the last matchday; it was their record-breaking ninth top flight title, their first trophy since winning the 2018 AFC Champions League, and the first league title since 2016.

2016 J1 League
The 2016 Meiji Yasuda J1 League (2016 明治安田生命J1リーグ) season was the 51st season of top-flight football in Japan and the 24th since the establishment of the J.League in 1992. This was second season of J1 League as renamed from J. League Division 1.

This season was the second since J.League changed its competition format to a newly conceived multistage system, with the year split into two halves and a third and final championship stage. The winners of the first and second stages and the highest ranking club of the aggregate table (other than the first or second stage winners) qualified for the Championship Stage. Kashima Antlers, the winner of the championship stage, advanced to the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup as the host nation's entrant.
Nelly Reig Castellanos
Nélida "Nelly" Reig Castellanos de Rodríguez, also known as Ña Nelly, (3 March 1929 – 15 May 2021) was the First Lady of Paraguay from February 1989 to August 1992 during the presidency of her husband, Andrés Rodríguez, who overthrew the Alfredo Stroessner dictatorship in the 1989 Paraguayan coup d'état. Reig was the Paraguay's first First Lady during the transition to democracy following the end of El Stronato.

First Lady of Paraguay
First Lady of Paraguay (Spanish: Primera Dama de Paraguay), also called First Lady of the Nation (Spanish: Primera Dama de la Nación), is the official post of the wife (or designated person) of the president of Paraguay. The official workplace of the Paraguayan first lady is Mburuvicha Róga. The current first lady of Paraguay is Leticia Ocampos, wife of President Santiago Peña.
Palpellia gens
The gens Palpellia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned during the first century of the Empire, with Sextus Palpellius Hister obtaining the consulship in AD 43.  Few other Palpellii are known from the historians, but several are known from inscriptions.

Histri
The Histri or Istri (Ancient Greek: Ἴστροι) were an ancient people inhabiting the Istrian Peninsula, to which they gave the name Histria. Their territory stretched to the neighbouring Gulf of Trieste and bordered the Iapodes in the hinterland of Tarsatica. The Histri formed a kingdom.
(9992) 1997 TG19
(9992) 1997 TG19 is a stony asteroid and eccentric Mars-crosser, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 October 1997, by Japanese astronomers Tetsuo Kagawa and Takeshi Urata at Gekko Observatory near Shizuoka, Japan.

Tetsuo Kagawa
Tetsuo Kagawa (香川 哲男, Kagawa Tetsuo, born 1969) is a Japanese astronomer, staff member at the Gekko Observatory and discoverer of asteroids. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 115 minor planets between 1997 and 2000.

The outer main-belt asteroid 6665 Kagawa was named in his honor on 6 January 2003 (M.P.C. 47295).
Pollen beetle
Pollen beetle is an informal term for any species of beetle associated intimately with suitably pollen-rich species of flowers. Typically such a beetle is adapted to the pollen as a major part of its diet. Species in at least sixteen families of the order Coleoptera could be counted as pollen beetles, and "pollen beetle" also is a common name for some such species.

Sap beetle
The sap beetles, also known as Nitidulidae, are a family of beetles.

They are small (2–6 mm) ovoid, usually dull-coloured beetles, with knobbed antennae. Some have red or yellow spots or bands. They feed mainly on decaying vegetable matter, over-ripe fruit, and sap. Some sap beetle species coexist with fungi species and live in habitats of coniferous trees. These fungi-dependent beetles are found in all across Europe and Siberia and are the biggest nitidulid species known in those areas. Other species like the Australian Chychramptodes murrayi are known to feed on scale insects. There are a few pest species, like the strawberry sap beetle that infest crops in Brazil between the months of August and February.
Pristimantis marahuaka
Pristimantis marahuaka is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the summit of Cerro Marahuaca, a tepui in central Amazonas state, Venezuela.
Its natural habitat is tepui shrubland at around 2,450 m (8,040 ft) asl where it is common in the mossy bases of Heliamphora plants.

There are no direct threats to this species, but given its small range (<20 km2), it is considered "near threatened" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Tepui
A tepui (/ˈtɛpwi/), or tepuy (Spanish: [teˈpuj]), is a member of a family of table-top mountains or mesas found in northern South America, especially in Venezuela, western Guyana, and northern Brazil. The word tepui means "house of the gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon, the indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana.

Tepuis tend to be found as isolated entities rather than in connected ranges, which makes them the host of a unique array of endemic plant and animal species. Notable tepuis include Auyantepui, Autana, Neblina, and Mount Roraima. They are typically composed of sheer blocks of Precambrian quartz arenite sandstone that rise abruptly from the jungle. Auyantepui is the source of Angel Falls, the world's tallest waterfall.
Leira (river)
Leira is a river in Innlandet and Akershus, Norway. It comes from Leirsjøen, 320 metres (1,050 ft) above sea level, in Romeriksåsene between Hadeland and Romerike, in Lunner municipality in Innlandet. From here, it runs east through the countryside to Nannestad municipality in Akershus, and exits in Stråtjern, 299 metres (981 ft) above sea level). It comes down to Romerikssletten westwards, until Maura and swings southwest, until it joins the Rotua and moves southeast and then southwards. Southwest of Gardermoen it runs through land between Nannestad and Ullensaker, along Gjerdrum and Ullensaker, and Gjerdrum and Sørum municipalities. Northeast of Hekseberget it joins the Gjermåa, and at the same time runs into Skedsmo municipality. Later, it passes through Frogner and Leirsund, runs into a meander over the flat lands around Lillestrøm, and exits into the Nitelva. It ends in the land between Skedsmo and Fet.

Leirsund
Leirsund is a village in the municipality of Lillestrøm, Norway. Its population (2005) is 1,177, of which 83 people live within the border of the neighboring municipality Sørum.

The village has a rail station Leirsund Station on the Norwegian Trunk Line.
Eddie Dootson
Eddie Dootson (born 23 August 1961) is an English darts player who has competed in Professional Darts Corporation events.

In 2015, he reached the last 16 of the UK Open defeating Joe Cullen and Robert Thornton, before losing to Devon Petersen.

Joe Cullen (darts player)
Joseph Michael Cullen (born 13 July 1989) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. A PDC Tour Card holder since 2011, Cullen won his first PDC major title at the 2022 Masters, and finished as runner-up in the 2022 Premier League Darts. Cullen has won 12 PDC ranking titles in his professional career, including three European Tour titles.

In his youth career, Cullen won three PDC Youth Tour titles in 2011.
Reynolds Ice Rise
Reynolds Ice Rise (69°3′S 67°1′W﻿ / ﻿69.050°S 67.017°W﻿ / -69.050; -67.017) is a small ice rise lying 3 nautical miles (6 km) southeast of Wade Ice Rise in Wordie Ice Shelf, Fallières Coast. The ice rise was mapped from U.S. Landsat imagery, 1974–79. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1987 after John M. Reynolds, British Antarctic Survey (BAS) glaciologist, 1978–83, who undertook a study of intensive calving of Wordie Ice Shelf from Landsat imagery.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Reynolds Ice Rise". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Fallières Coast
The Fallières Coast is that portion of the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula between the head of Bourgeois Fjord and Cape Jeremy and lies on Marguerite Bay and the Wordie Ice Shelf. On the south it is joined by Rymill Coast, and in the north by Loubet Coast. Fallières Coast was first explored in January 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under J.B. Charcot, who named it for Armand Fallières, then President of France.
Flornes
Flornes is a village in Stjørdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the western part of the municipality along the Stjørdalselva river, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the town of Stjørdalshalsen. The village of Sona lies to the west and the village of Gudå (in Meråker Municipality) lies to the east.

The village is the location of Floren Chapel. The Meråkerbanen railway line used to stop here at Flornes Station, and the European route E14 highway also runs through the village.

Gudå
Gudå or Gudåa is a village in the municipality of Meråker in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the river Stjørdalselva, about 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) west of the municipal center of Midtbygda.  The village is served by Gudå Station on the Meråker Line railway as well as the European route E14 highway.  Gudåa has a camping ground and it is a popular fishing spot for salmon.
Mary Jane Kinnaird
Mary Kinnaird or Mary Jane Kinnaird, Lady Kinnaird; Mary Jane Hoare (1816–1888) was an English philanthropist and co-founder of the Young Women's Christian Association. Kinnaird has one Women's College and a girls' High School in Pakistan and at least one school and hospital in India named after her.

Lord Kinnaird
Lord Kinnaird was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1682 for George Kinnaird. The ninth Lord was created Baron Rossie, of Rossie in the County of Perth, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1831, with normal remainder to the heirs male of his body. In 1860 he was made Baron Kinnaird, of Rossie in the County of Perth, also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, with special remainder to his younger brother, Arthur. Lord Kinnaird had no surviving male issue and the barony of Rossie became extinct on his death in 1878. He was succeeded in the Scottish lordship and barony of Kinnaird by his younger brother, Arthur, the tenth Lord. The eleventh Lord was a leading footballer and President of The Football Association. The titles became dormant upon the death of the thirteenth Lord in 1997.
Irish sweathouse
Irish sweathouses (Irish: teach allais) are a type of traditional sauna found on the island of Ireland. In the Irish language they are called teach allais, which translates as 'house of sweat'. They are built using stone and are found in rural areas, particularly in the northwest region of Connacht. They were first recorded in 1796 by French writer Chevalier de Latocnaye, who observed local people using them as a cure for sore eyes and other ailments.

Sauna
A sauna (/ˈsɔːnə, ˈsaʊnə/, Finnish: [ˈsɑu̯nɑ]) is a room or building designed as a place to experience dry or wet heat sessions or an establishment with one or more of these facilities. The steam and high heat make the bathers perspire. A thermometer in a sauna is used to measure temperature; a hygrometer can be used to measure levels of humidity or steam. Infrared therapy is often referred to as a type of sauna, but according to the Finnish sauna organizations, infrared is not a sauna.
Smuggling in pre-revolutionary France
Smuggling in pre-revolutionary France was a reaction to the economic hardships and internal Taxations throughout the country. Though the trade of contraband was lucrative throughout Europe, it was especially so in France and contributed to national tensions. While tobacco was commonly smuggled, common items such as salt and calico were carried across provincial borders to avoid high taxes. The smuggling trade was very profitable, and it allowed families to increase their income while subverting corrupt tax farmers. The prevalence of smuggling and the economic motivations surrounding the trade helped lead France towards revolution.

French livre
The livre (abbreviation: £ or ₶., French for libra (pound)) was the currency of Kingdom of France and its predecessor states of Francia and West Francia from 781 to 1794. Several different livres existed, some concurrently. The livre was the name of coins and of units of account.
2002 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 2002 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship—known as the Foras na Gaeilge All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship for sponsorship reasons—was the high point of the 2002 season. The championship was won by Cork who scored four goals in defeating Tipperary by a nine-point margin in the final. The attendance was 13,287, third highest in the history of the sport of camogie at that time. This and the subsequent final between the two counties was a high point in a period of rapid growth in the popularity of the sport of camogie which quadrupled the average attendance at its finals in a ten-year period.

Camogie
Camogie (/kəˈmoʊɡi/ ⓘ kə-MOH-ghee; Irish: camógaíocht [kəˈmˠoːɡiːxt̪ˠ]) is an Irish stick-and-ball team sport played by women. It is played by 100,000 women in Ireland and worldwide, largely among Irish communities.

A variant of the game hurling (which is played by men only), it is organised by the Dublin-based Camogie Association (An Cumann Camógaíochta). The annual All Ireland Camogie Championship has a record attendance of 33,154, while average attendances in recent years are in the range of 15,000 to 18,000. The final is broadcast live, with a television audience of over 300,000.

UNESCO lists Camogie as an element of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The game is referred to in Waiting for Godot by Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and in 'Fair Play' a detective novel by Irish author Louise Hegarty.
Biagio Pagano
Biagio Pagano (born 29 January 1983) is an Italian footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for Ghivizzano Borgoamozzano.

Pagano had made 250 appearances in Italian Serie B, including 2 in the playoffs in 2008–09 Serie B.

Co-ownership (association football)
Co-ownership is a system whereby two football clubs own the contract of a player jointly, although the player is only registered to play for one club. It is not a universal system, but is used in some countries, including Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. It was formerly commonplace in Italy, though the practice has now been abolished there.

This type of deal differs from third-party ownership, in that in the latter, the player's contract is owned by a non-footballing entity, such as a management company.
Kawerau District Council
Kawerau District Council (Māori: Te Kaunihera o Kawerau) is the territorial authority for the Kawerau District of New Zealand.

The council is led by the mayor of Kawerau, who is currently Faylene Tunui. There are also eight councillors representing the district at large.

Territorial authorities of New Zealand
The territorial authorities of New Zealand are the country's municipal local government entities, existing alongside the country's regional councils. There are 67 such authorities, including 12 city councils, 53 district councils and 2 sui generis councils (Auckland Council and Chatham Islands Council). Five territorial authorities also have the powers of regional councils, and these are called unitary authorities.

Territorial authorities are not subservient to regional councils, and several of them have jurisdictions overlapping multiple regional council areas. Territorial authorities are responsible for the administration of local matters and resources. These include roads, building consents, water supply and sanitation, amongst other responsibilities. They are not responsible for broader regional environmental management or public transport, as those are the responsibilities of the regional councils.
Gmina Przechlewo
Gmina Przechlewo (Kashubian: Przechlewò) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Przechlewo, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Człuchów and 110 km (68 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 243.88 square kilometres (94.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,158.

Człuchów
Człuchów [ˈt͡ʂwuxuf] ⓘ (Kashubian: Człuchòwò, Człochòwo, or Człëchòwò; German: Schlochauⓘ) is a town in the region of Gdańsk Pomerania, northern Poland, with 13,350 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Człuchów County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
XXXXVIII Panzer Corps
XXXXVIII Panzer Corps (also: XXXXVIII Army Corp or XXXXVIII. Armeekorps), was a corps-level formation of the German Army which saw extensive action on both the Eastern and Western Fronts during World War II.

24th Panzer Division
The 24th Panzer Division was formed in late 1941 from the 1st Cavalry Division based at Königsberg.

The division fought on the Eastern Front from June 1942 to January 1943, when it was destroyed in the battle of Stalingrad. Reformed, it once more returned to the Eastern Front in late 1943 and remained there until surrender to Soviet forces in May 1945.
Fort Gibraltar
Fort Gibraltar was founded in 1809 by Alexander Macdonell of Greenfield of the North West Company in present-day Manitoba, Canada. It was located at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine rivers in or near the area now known as The Forks in the city of Winnipeg. Fort Gibraltar was renamed Fort Garry after the merger of North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company in 1821, and became Upper Fort Garry in 1835.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Bochner integral
In mathematics, the Bochner integral, named for Salomon Bochner, extends the definition of a multidimensional Lebesgue integral to functions that take values in a Banach space, as the limit of integrals of simple functions.

The Bochner integral provides the mathematical foundation for extensions of basic integral transforms into more abstract spaces, vector-valued functions, and operator spaces.  Examples of such extensions include vector-valued Laplace transforms and abstract Fourier transforms.

Martingale (probability theory)
In probability theory, a martingale is a stochastic process in which the expected value of the next observation, given all prior observations, is equal to the most recent value. In other words, the conditional expectation of the next value, given the past, is equal to the present value. Martingales are used to model fair games, where future expected winnings are equal to the current amount regardless of past outcomes.