hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stressed member engine
A stressed member engine is a vehicle engine used as an active structural element of the chassis to transmit forces and torques, rather than being passively contained by the chassis with anti-vibration mounts. Automotive engineers use the method for weight reduction and mass centralization in vehicles. Applications are found in several vehicles where mass reduction is critical for performance reasons, usually after several iterations of conventional frame/chassis designs have been employed.

Chassis
A chassis (US: /ˈtʃæ.si/, UK: /ˈʃæ.si/; plural chassis /-iz/ from French châssis [ʃɑsi]), is the load-bearing framework of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a vehicle frame, the underpart of a motor vehicle, on which the body is mounted; if the running gear such as wheels and transmission, and sometimes even the driver's seat, are included, then the assembly is described as a rolling chassis.
Short Tails
The Short Tails, also known as the Short Tail Gang for their distinctive short-tailed jacket coats, were an 1880s–1890s Irish gang located in the Corlear's Hook section of the Lower East Side, on Rivington Street in the vicinity of Mangin and Goerck Streets of Manhattan, in New York City. The Eastman Gang was also headquartered around Corlear's Hook and may have had its beginnings as a breakaway gang of the Short Tail Gang.

The Short Tails, along with rival gangs the Daybreak Boys, the Patsy Conroy Gang, the Swamp Angels, and the Hook Gang, worked the New York City waterfront, plundering ships of their cargo on the East River. The Short Tail Gang was photographed in 1887, under a pier by noted photographer Jacob Riis, being one of the few 19th-century New York gangs to allow its members to be photographed. In fear of being identified and arrested by the law, usually individual police mug shots were the only criminal pictures known to exist.

Patsy Conroy Gang
The Patsey Conroy Gang or Patsy Conroys were a group of river pirates active along the New York City waterfront of the old Fourth Ward during the post-American Civil War era. For nearly twenty years the Patsy Conroys dominated the area of Corlears' Hook and were one of the last major waterfront gangs to remain in the district prior to the formation of the George Gastlin's Steamboat Squad of New York City Police Department. The Patsey Conroy Gang abruptly disappeared when their leaders Patsy Conroy, Larry Griffin and Denny Brady were imprisoned in 1874.
Huesca (Congress of Deputies constituency)
Huesca is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects three deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Huesca. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Province of Huesca
Huesca (Aragonese: Uesca; Catalan: Osca), officially Huesca/Uesca, is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. The capital is Huesca.

Positioned just south of the central Pyrenees, Huesca borders France and the French departments of Haute-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and Hautes-Pyrénées. Within Spain, Huesca's neighboring provinces are Navarre, Zaragoza, and Lleida.
Jumbo Water Tower
Jumbo Water Tower is a water tower at the Balkerne Gate in Colchester, Essex, and the largest water tower in the UK. Charles Clegg (c. 1855 – c. 1904), the Borough Surveyor and Engineer, designed the structure. The tower is 40.1 metres (132 ft) tall overall and contains 1.2 million red bricks. The tower was nicknamed 'Jumbo' after the London Zoo elephant as a term of derision in 1882 by Reverend John Irvine, who was annoyed that the tower dwarfed his nearby rectory at St Mary-at-the-Walls.

Balkerne Gate
Balkerne Gate is a Roman gateway in Colchester (the former Camulodunum). It is the largest surviving gateway in Roman Britain and was built where the Roman road from Londinium intersected the town wall of Camulodunum. It is a scheduled monument and a Grade I listed building.
Joint CIS Air Defense System
Joint CIS Air Defense System (Russian: Объединённая система ПВО СНГ) is a unified system that comprises air defense units and elements of the former Soviet republics under control of the Coordination Committee on Air Defense of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS. Currently there are 6 de facto members of JADS: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.  70% of all expenditures of the military budget of the Commonwealth of Independent States are directed to the improvement and development of this system.

Dnestr radar
Dnestr radar (Russian: Днестр) and Dnepr radar (Russian: Днепр), both known by the NATO reporting name Hen House, are the first generation of Soviet space surveillance and early warning radars. Six radars of this type were built on the periphery of the Soviet Union starting in the 1960s to provide ballistic missile warnings for attacks from different directions. They were the primary Soviet early warning radars for much of the later Cold War. In common with other Soviet and Russian early warning radars they are named after rivers, the Dnestr and the Dnepr.

The Dnestr/Dnepr radars were intended to be replaced by the newer Daryal radars starting in the 1990s. Only two of the planned Daryal radars became operational, due to issues such as the dissolution of the Soviet Union. As of 2012, the Russian early warning network still consists of some radars of this vintage. It is likely that all the existing radars will be replaced by the third generation Voronezh radars by 2020.
Zeta Virginis
Zeta Virginis (ζ Virginis, abbreviated Zeta Vir, ζ Vir) is a binary star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +3.376 and is located about a half degree south of the celestial equator. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is about 74 light-years (23 parsecs) distant from the Sun.

The two components are designated Zeta Virginis A (officially named Heze /ˈhiːziː/, a mid-20th-century name for the system) and B.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
1990–91 Yugoslav First League
The 1990–91 Yugoslav First League season was the 45th season of the First Federal League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna liga), the top level association football competition of SFR Yugoslavia, since its establishment in 1946. The title was won by Red Star Belgrade, the club's 18th in its history. It also turned out to be the last season in which teams from SR Croatia and SR Slovenia participated. In 1991, these states left Yugoslavia and created their respective leagues.

Two points were awarded for a win, while the tied matches were decided by a penalty shootout with the winner getting a point.

1991 European Cup final
The 1991 European Cup final was a football match held at the Stadio San Nicola in Bari, Italy, on 29 May 1991, that saw Red Star Belgrade of Yugoslavia defeat Marseille of France in a penalty shoot-out. After normal time and extra time could not separate the two sides, the match was to be decided on penalty kicks. Manuel Amoros's miss for the French side proved crucial, as Red Star held their nerve to win their first European Cup title. As of 2025, this remains the last European Cup final that both clubs were making their debut appearances in the competition's final.
Daryl Homer
Daryl D. Homer (born July 16, 1990) is an American right-handed saber fencer, three-time Olympian, and 2016 individual Olympic silver medalist.

Homer competed in the 2012 London Olympic Games, the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games, and the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

Homer is a ten-time team Pan American champion and three-time individual Pan American champion.

NCAA fencing championships
The NCAA fencing championships are contested at an annual competition organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team and individual champions of co-educational collegiate fencing among its member programs in the United States.  It has been held every year since 1941, except 2020.

Individual men's and women's championships are awarded in three events (foil, épée, and sabre) with an aggregate team championship awarded based on these individual performances.

Unlike most NCAA sports, the fencing championship is a single championship rather than being split into divisions; as such, teams from Division I, Division II, and Division III all compete together.
HMS Porpoise (N14)
HMS Porpoise (N14) was one of the six-ship class of Grampus-class mine-laying submarines of the Royal Navy. She was built at Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow and launched 30 August 1932. She served in World War II in most of the naval theatres of the war, in home waters, the Mediterranean and the Far East. She was sunk with all hands by Japanese aircraft on 19 January 1945, and was the last Royal Navy submarine to be lost to enemy action.

Grampus-class submarine
The Grampus-class submarines were a group of minelaying submarines built for the Royal Navy  in the late 1930s. These boats are sometimes referred to as the Porpoise class from the single prototype, HMS Porpoise built in 1932. Five boats to a modified design were built between 1936 and 1938. The ships were all named after marine mammals.
Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque
The Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque, or more formally, the Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun Mosque, is a mosque located in the Citadel of Cairo, Egypt. Completed in 1318 CE, the  mosque was built by the Mamluk sultan Al-Nasr Muhammad as the royal mosque of the Citadel, where the sultans of Cairo performed their Friday prayers. The mosque is located across the street from the courtyard access to the Mosque of Muhammad Ali. The Sultan also built a religious complex in the center of the city, adjacent to the one by his father Qalawun.

Madrasa of al-Nasir Muhammad
The Madrasa of al-Nasir Muhammad is a madrasa and mausoleum located in the Bayn al-Qasrayn area of al-Muizz street in Islamic Cairo, Egypt. It was built in the name of the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun, but its construction began between 1294 and 1295 under the reign of Sultan al-Adil Kitbugha, who was sultan in between al-Nasir Muhammad's first and seconds reigns. When al-Nasir Muhammad returned to the throne in 1299 he oversaw its construction until its completion in 1303. It is located adjacent to the earlier Qalawun complex, and the later Madrasa of Sultan Barquq.
Must See TV
Must See TV was an American advertising slogan that was used by NBC to brand its primetime blocks during the 1990s, and most often applied to the network's Thursday night lineup, which featured some of its most popular sitcoms and drama series of the period, allowing the network to dominate prime time ratings on Thursday nights in the 1980s and 1990s. Ratings for NBC's lineup fell during the mid-to-late 2000s. The slogan was retired in 2015 amidst NBC's transition to airing more drama series on Thursday nights. The branding returned for the 2017–18 television season but was removed for a second time in the winter of the 2020–21 television season.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series is an award presented since 1951 by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS). The award goes to the producers of the series. The award is often cited as one of the "main awards" at the Emmys ceremonies.
Beatrix Bridge
Beatrix Bridge is a bridge in Jambi Province which is full of stories of the twists and turns of the entry of Dutch colonialism into Sarolangun Regency. The Beatrix Bridge was built in 1937 and inaugurated in 1939. The history of the construction of this bridge is also inseparable from the forced labor carried out by thousands of Indonesian people.

Jambi
Jambi is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra and stretches to the Barisan Mountains in the west. Its capital and largest city is also called Jambi. It is bordered by the provinces of Riau to the north, West Sumatra to the west, Bengkulu to the southwest, South Sumatra to the south, and shares a maritime border with the Riau Islands to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the east. The province has a land area of 49,026.58 km2, and a sea area of 3,274.95 km2. Its area is comparable to the European country of Slovakia or Smolensk Oblast. It had a population of 3,092,265 according to the 2010 census and 3,548,228 according to the 2020 census; the official estimate of population as of mid-2024 was 3,745,746 (comprising 1,893,490 males and 1,830,790 females).
Nagardev
Nagardev was the son-in-law of Raja Bhimdev and brother-in-law of Pratapbimba. He ruled the islands of Mumbai from 1331 to 1347 or 1348. In 1347, Nika Malik, a General of the Delhi Sultanate made a three pronged attack on Thana, Mahim, and Rarjapore near Marol. He lost his life while defending his capital. His queen continued to fight but she too. was slain. Nagardev was defeated by the Muslim rulers and the islands came under their control, thus ending the sovereignty of Hindu rulers over the islands of Bombay.

Bhima of Mahikavati
Bhima was a 13th-century king who ruled the present-day Mumbai area in Maharashtra, India. He is known from several medieval Marathi and Persian language texts, which variously call him Raja Bimba, Bimb-dev (Bhima-deva), Bimba-dev, Bimba-shah, and Bimba-shaha. Based on these accounts, historians identify him as a son of king Ramadeva of Devagiri. After Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Devagiri, Bhima apparently fled to the northern Konkan region, and established a smaller kingdom with its capital at Mahikavati, the present-day Mahim.
2006 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont
The 2006 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont was held on November 7, 2006, for representation of Vermont's at-large congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from January 3, 2007, to January 3, 2009.

Incumbent Congressman Bernie Sanders, an independent member of Congress who caucused with the Democrats, did not seek a ninth term in the House, instead running successfully for the United States Senate.

To replace Congressman Sanders, Democrat Peter Welch defeated Republican Martha Rainville by a somewhat narrow margin (just under 10%) in staunchly-liberal Vermont. As of 2022, this is the last federal election in which a Republican received more than a third of the vote.

2006 United States Senate election in Vermont
The 2006 United States Senate election in Vermont was held November 7, 2006. Incumbent independent Senator Jim Jeffords decided to retire rather than seek reelection to a fourth term, and Bernie Sanders was elected to succeed him.

Sanders, who represented Vermont's at-large House district as an independent, won the Democratic primary, and then dropped out to run as an independent. Many Democratic politicians across the country endorsed him, and no Democrat was on the ballot. The state committee of the Vermont Democratic Party voted unanimously to endorse Sanders.

Sanders won the seat with 65% of the vote. His win marked the first Republican loss in an election for this Class 1 seat since 1850, decisively ending the longest single-party Senate winning streak in history. (Vermont's Class 3 seat had been held by Democrat Patrick Leahy since 1974, the first time a Republican had lost any Senate election in the state since 1850.)
Bakkalzade Mosque
Bakkalzade Mosque (Turkish: Bakkalzade Camii) is a small Ottoman-era mosque located on Bakkalzade Street in the Atikali neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. Although its exact date of foundation is unknown, it is first attested on an 1845 city map of Istanbul, where it appears among the mosques built before that year.

Fatih
Fatih (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈfaːtih]) or the Historical peninsula (in Turkish: Tarihi Yarımada),  is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metropolitan municipality and tax office) but not the courthouse. It encompasses the historical peninsula, coinciding with old Constantinople. In 2009, the district of Eminönü, which had been a separate municipality located at the tip of the peninsula, was once again remerged into Fatih because of its small population. Fatih is bordered by the Golden Horn to the north and the Sea of Marmara to the south, while the Western border is demarked by the Theodosian wall and the east by the Bosphorus Strait.
Crimes of War
Crimes of War: What the Public Should Know is a 1999 reference book edited by Roy Gutman and David Rieff. The 352-page book contains more than 150 entries, and was published by W.W. Norton.

The book collects reporters' accounts of war crimes with essays by lawyers on international humanitarian law to examine war crimes and the laws of war. Contributors include Sydney Schanberg, William Shawcross, Christiane Amanpour, and Justice Richard Goldstone, the UN Tribunal's first prosecutor, who provides a foreword. Photographers featured include Gilles Peress and Annie Leibovitz.

The book is part of a comprehensive project started by Gutman, photojournalist Gilles Peress, and UN Messenger for Peace Anna Cataldi which includes educational initiatives and additional articles. It has been published in 11 languages, including Arabic, Spanish, Italian, Hungarian, Serbo-Croatian and Chinese. A revised edition (2.0) with updated articles was published in October 2007 by W.W. Norton.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Quintus Fabius Ambustus (dictator)
Quintus Fabius Ambustus was made dictator of the Roman Republic in 321 BC. He immediately resigned because of some kind of irregularity in his election, whereupon he was replaced by Marcus Aemilius Papus, who was also unable to hold elections, leading to the appointment of Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus and Marcus Valerius Corvus as interreges, who successfully oversaw the elections of the consuls for 320 BC.

Marcus Valerius Corvus
Marcus Valerius Corvus (c. 370–270 BC), also sometimes known as Corvinus, was a military commander and politician who served in the early-to-middle period of the Roman Republic. During his career he was elected consul six times, beginning at the age of twenty-three. He was appointed dictator twice and led the armies of the Republic in the First Samnite War. He occupied the curule chair twenty-one times throughout his career. According to legend, he lived to the age of one hundred.
Entiminae
The Entiminae are a large subfamily in the weevil family Curculionidae, containing most of the short-nosed weevils, including such genera as Entimus, Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius, Sitona, and Pachyrrhynchus. In comparison with their stunning diversity, only a few of these weevils are notorious pests of major economic importance. Entimines are commonly encountered in the field, including urban environments, and abundant in entomological collections.

Sitona
Sitona is a large genus of weevils in the family Curculionidae native to the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions. Over 100 species have been described. Sitona is easily distinguished from related genera by flat, recumbent scales on the mandibles, by the absence of an oval scar on the mandibles, by short and broad rostrum with a deep, longitudinal, median groove, and by dense scales on the body.

Sitona specialize on legumes, plants of the family Fabaceae. The larvae eat the root nodules and the adults eat the leaves. Several species of Sitona are important agricultural pests of legumes, especially in its native regions and introduced populations in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.

Species include:
Peter Taylor (footballer, born 1953)
Peter John Taylor (born 3 January 1953) is an English former footballer, who was last manager of Canvey Island. He was previously manager at Dartford, Enfield, Southend United, Dover Athletic, Leicester City, Brighton and Hove Albion, Hull City, Crystal Palace, Kerala Blasters, Stevenage Borough, Wycombe Wanderers, Bradford City and (twice) Gillingham, Maldon & Tiptree. He also had two spells as head coach of the England under-21 team and took charge of the England national team as caretaker manager for one game against Italy, for which he made David Beckham captain of England for the first time. He managed the England under-20 team in 2013. Outside England, Taylor was the head coach of the Bahrain national football team.

During his time as a player with Crystal Palace during the 1970s, Taylor became one of the few players to have been selected for the senior England team when not playing in the top two flights of a domestic league.

2011 GCC Games
The 2011 GCC Games was the first multi-sport event for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It was held in Bahrain, from 11 October to 22 October 2011. Around 1,500 sportspeople participated in 11 sports.
Denton Daley
Denton Eric Daley (born March 18, 1982) is a Canadian former professional boxer who competed from 2010 to 2017. He challenged for the WBA interim cruiserweight title in 2014 and at regional level held the WBC-NABF, Canadian, and Commonwealth cruiserweight titles between 2013 and 2016.

Cruiserweight (boxing)
Cruiserweight, also referred to as junior heavyweight, is a weight class in professional boxing between light heavyweight and heavyweight. Before the advent of the current cruiserweight class, "light heavyweight" and "cruiserweight" were sometimes used interchangeably in the United Kingdom.
Battle of Tuzi
The Battle of Tuzi was a significant military engagement fought between the Kingdom of Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire in October 1912, during the opening stages of the First Balkan War. The battle took place in and around the town of Tuzi, a strategic gateway to the city of Scutari (Skadar). The engagement resulted in a decisive Montenegrin victory and the surrender of the Ottoman garrison, opening the path for the Siege of Scutari.

Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro
Danilo Aleksandar Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Данило Александар Петровић-Његош; 29 June 1871– 24 September 1939) was the Crown Prince of Montenegro. He was the eldest son of King Nicholas I of Montenegro and his wife, Queen Milena.
Finger-four
The finger-four formation (also known as the "four finger formation" and the "Fingertip Formation") is a flight formation used by fighter aircraft. It consists of four aircraft, and four of these formations can be combined into a squadron formation.

Tactical formation
In  military-style operations, a tactical formation (or tactical order) is the arrangement or deployment of movable military  or policing forces such as infantry, cavalry, AFVs, military aircraft, or naval vessels.