hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Southern Syria clashes (April–May 2025)
The Southern Syria clashes began on 28 April 2025. The initial clashes erupted in the city of Jaramana following tensions related to the circulation of a controversial audio recording, and quickly escalated to nearby areas of Sahnaya and Ashrafiyat Sahnaya, and on 30 April to multiple villages in Suwayda Governorate. After de-escalation efforts, an agreement was reached to end the fighting on 1 May. Israel conducted airstrikes against Syrian government targets on 30 April and again on 2–3 May, the latter triggering Turkish efforts to jam the Israeli comms systems. Sporadic fighting continued in to May, along with two Islamic State bombings in late May. Clashes would be renewed in July 2025.

Daraa Governorate
Daraa Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة درعا Muḥāfaẓat Dar‘ā) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the south-west of the country and covers an area of 2594 km2. It is bordered by Jordan to the south, Quneitra Governorate and Golan Heights to the west, Rif Dimashq Governorate to the north and Suwayda Governorate to the east. The capital is the city of Daraa.

The governorate had a population of 843,478 in the 2004 census.
Several clashes have occurred within the governorate throughout the Syrian civil war.
Paul H. Brown
Paul Brown "PB" (March 6, 1934 – May 6, 2016), was an American jazz bassist. He was the founder of the Monday Night Jazz Series in Hartford, Connecticut, which was recognized by the Library of Congress as the oldest and longest-running free festival for jazz in the United States and featured jazz greats such as Cannonball Adderley, McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock, Roy Haynes, Ron Carter, Thelonious Monk, Tito Puente, Woody Shaw, Sun Ra, Bobby Hutcherson, Roy Haynes, Freddie Hubbard, Slide Hampton Horace Silver, Hugh Masekela,  and the "MJQ" Modern Jazz Quartet just to name a few. Brown also founded The Greater Hartford Festival of Jazz in 1992 to commemorate 25 years of the Monday night jazz series which in 2016, the Hartford Jazz Society renamed "Paul Brown Monday Night Jazz". He was co-founder of Hartford's Artists Collective, Inc.

Slide Hampton
Locksley Wellington Hampton (April 21, 1932 – November 18, 2021) was an American jazz trombonist, composer and arranger. As his nickname implies, Hampton's main instrument was slide trombone, but he also occasionally played tuba and flugelhorn.
Culture of Rome
The culture of Rome in Italy refers to the arts, high culture, language, religion, politics, libraries, cuisine, architecture and fashion in Rome, Italy. Rome was supposedly founded in 753 BC and ever since has been the capital of the Roman Empire, one of the main centres of Christianity, the home of the Roman Catholic Church and the seat of the Italian Republic. Due to its historical and social importance, Rome has been nicknamed the Caput Mundi, or "capital of the world".

Baths of Caracalla
The Baths of Caracalla (Italian: Terme di Caracalla) in Rome, Italy, were the city's second largest Roman public baths, or thermae, after the Baths of Diocletian. The baths were likely built between AD 212 (or 211) and 216/217, during the reigns of emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla. They were in operation until the 530s and then fell into disuse and ruin.

Both during and since their operation as baths, they served as inspiration for many other notable buildings, ancient and modern, such as the Baths of Diocletian, the Basilica of Maxentius, the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, Chicago Union Station and the Senate of Canada Building. Artworks recovered from the ruins include famous sculptures such as the Farnese Bull and the Farnese Hercules.

Today the Baths of Caracalla are a tourist attraction.
Conventionalism
Conventionalism is the philosophical attitude that fundamental principles of a certain kind are grounded on (explicit or implicit) agreements in society, rather than on external reality.  Unspoken rules play a key role in the philosophy's structure.  Although this attitude is commonly held with respect to the rules of grammar, its application to the propositions of ethics, law, science, biology, mathematics, and logic is more controversial.

Law as integrity
In philosophy of law, law as integrity is a theory of law put forward by Ronald Dworkin in his book Law's Empire. "Dworkin's model of adjudication ... requires a court to interpret all legal material as part of a seamless, self-consistent unity". Law has integrity, according to Dworkin, when it is viewed not as a series of isolated statutes and cases, but when it is seen, as far as possible, as a "single, coherent scheme of principle". We should assume, Dworkin writes, that law "serves some interest or purpose or enforces some principle — in short, that it has some point — that can be stated independently of just describing the rules that make up the practice".
Folate-biopterin transporter family
The folate-biopterin transporter (FBT) family (TC# 2.A.71) is a distant family within the major facilitator superfamily, most closely related to drug resistance permeases. Proteins of the FBT family are reported to contain about 480 to 650 amino acyl residues. All probably have 12 transmembrane α-helical segments (TMSs). They may function by H+ symport.

Transmembrane domain
A transmembrane domain (TMD, TM domain) is a membrane-spanning protein domain.  TMDs may consist of one or several alpha-helices or a transmembrane beta barrel. Because the interior of the lipid bilayer is hydrophobic, the amino acid residues in TMDs are often hydrophobic, although proteins such as membrane pumps and ion channels can contain polar residues. TMDs vary greatly in size and hydrophobicity; they may adopt organelle-specific properties.
Calling It Quits/Crazy Tropical Survival Guide
"Calling It Quits"/"Crazy Tropical Survival Guide" is a two-song single by Frederick Squire and Kate Maki, released as a 7-inch and digital download on March 22, 2011. The release features two songs that the duo recorded at Paco Loco Studio in El Puerto de Santa Maria while traveling in Spain.

Both Squire and Maki released full-length albums, Maki's Moonshine and Squire's Frederick Squire Sings Shenandoah and Other Popular Hits, on May 24, 2011. They embarked on a joint tour across Canada to support the two-song single and their solo albums, which was named the "Calling It Quits Tour".

Frederick Squire Sings Shenandoah and Other Popular Hits
Frederick Squire Sings Shenandoah and Other Popular Hits is the second solo album by Canadian singer-songwriter Frederick Squire, released May 24, 2011 on Blue Fog Recordings.

Although the album's title implies that it is a covers album, only the album's lead track, "Shenandoah", is in fact a cover.

Critic John Terauds of the Toronto Star rated the album 3-1/2 out of 4 stars, while Brad Wheeler of The Globe and Mail gave it 3 stars out of 4. The Coast's critic listed it as one of the best albums of 2011.
Majhgawan, Kaimur
Majhgawan is a village in Chand block of Kaimur district, Bihar, India. As of 2011, the village was uninhabited, although its land was used for agricultural purposes. It covered an area of 46 hectares, of which 35 were in cultivation at the time.

Chand, Kaimur
Chand is a village and corresponding community development block in Kaimur district, Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 4,432, in 700 households. The total block population was 133,682 in 20,413 households. The population here is mainly based on agriculture.Chand is a market for the nearby villages.
Glendale Cove
Glendale Cove is an uninhabited  locality that was the site of a cannery owned by Francis Millerd & Co., located on the south side of Knight Inlet in the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada.  The cannery was located on the east side of the cove.  Somewhere in the vicinity was a village of the Kwakwaka'wakw named Zalidis.

Knight Inlet
Knight Inlet (Kwakʼwala: dzawadi) is one of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast, and the largest of the major inlets in the southern part of the Coast. It is fifth in sequence of the great saltwater inlets north from the 49th parallel near Vancouver, but it is the first whose outflow points away from the Strait of Georgia, opening into Queen Charlotte Strait at the Kwakwakaʼwakw community of Memkumlis (often known by the name of the group who were based there, the Mamalilikala) on Village Island.
Pitchcombe
Pitchcombe is a village and civil parish 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Gloucester, in the Stroud district, in the county of Gloucestershire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 232. The parish touches Harescombe, Painswick and Whiteshill and Ruscombe.

Painswick
Painswick is a town and civil parish in the Stroud District in Gloucestershire, England. Originally the town grew from the wool trade, but it is now best known for its parish church's yew trees and the local Painswick Rococo Garden. The village is mainly constructed of locally quarried Cotswold stone. Many of the buildings feature south-facing attic rooms once used as weavers' workshops.

Painswick stands on a hill overlooking one of the Five Valleys, on the B4073 route between Stroud, 4 miles (6.5 km) to the south, and the city of  Gloucester, 7.5 miles (12 km) to the north. It has narrow streets and traditional architecture.

It has a cricket and rugby team and there is a golf course on the outskirts of the town. Painswick Beacon is in the nearby hills.

Painswick won the title "Gloucestershire Village of the Year" in 2025.
Gabriela Pazmiño
María Gabriela Pazmiño Pino, nicknamed Gaby (born 30 July 1975), is an Ecuadorian television presenter, cheerleader, dancer, and politician. She is married to   Abdalá Bucaram Jr., with whom she has had four children.

Abdalá Bucaram Jr.
Abdalá Jaime Bucaram Pulley Jr. (born 25 March 1982) is an Ecuadorian political figure and former footballer. He is the son of former President Abdalá Bucaram Ortiz.

After his retirement from professional football at age 24, he began his political career by being elected to office as an assemblyman with 428,000 votes  in 2009 and in 2014 was re-elected with 500,000 votes.

On 1 December 2014, he announced his resignation from his position as National Assemblyman due to his strong convictions that the office he served did not serve the best interests of his constituents.

In 2017 he ran for the presidency of the republic with the support of his political party Fuerza Ecuador (FE), founded by him, he lost the election obtaining only 4.82% of the votes.

He was invited to the XIII Latin American Summit of Political Marketing and Governance, event that brings together the leading strategists and political consultants of the world.
Hipsters (TV series)
Hipsters is an Australian TV documentary series, presented by Samuel Johnson and broadcast in 2015 on Special Broadcasting Service multichannel SBS 2.

The six-part series embarks on a global quest to understand the origins, meaning and future of the cultural stereotype that has become known as the hipster. It looks at how artisan cheese, craft beer, tattoos and beards evolve from being niche trends to hipster clichés. And asks why no hipster will ever, ever admit to being one.

Craft beer
Craft beer is beer manufactured by craft breweries, which typically produce smaller amounts of beer than larger "macro" breweries and are often independently owned. Such breweries are generally perceived and marketed as emphasising enthusiasm, new flavours, and varied brewing techniques.

The microbrewery movement began in both the United States and United Kingdom in the 1970s, although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries. As the movement grew, and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged. A brewpub is a pub that brews its own beer for sale on the premises.
Α-Eucaine
α-Eucaine (alpha-eucaine) is a drug that was previously used as a local anesthetic. It was designed as an analog of cocaine and was one of the first synthetic chemical compounds to find general use as an anesthetic.

Local anesthetic
A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes unconsciousness. Local anesthetics are most commonly used to eliminate pain during or after surgery. When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block), paralysis (loss of muscle function) also can be induced.
Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament – Group B
Group B of the men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was played from 24 to 30 July 2024. The group consisted of Argentina, Iraq, Morocco and Ukraine. The top two teams, Morocco and Argentina, advanced to the knockout stage.

Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held from 24 July to 9 August 2024. It was the 28th edition of the men's Olympic football tournament. Together with the women's competition, the 2024 Summer Olympics football tournament was held at seven stadiums in seven cities in France. Teams participating in the men's competition were restricted to under-23 players (born on or after 1 January 2001) with a maximum of three overage players allowed.

Brazil were the two-time defending champions, having won in 2016 and 2020, but did not qualify for this tournament.

Spain won their second gold medal and first since 1992, defeating hosts France 5–3 after extra time in the final, held at Parc des Princes in Paris.
Light Coorporation
Light Coorporation are an avant-garde and progressive rock band formed in 2007. Their influences include jazz, fusion and psychedelic rock. The band's music also draws heavily from the legacy of the Canterbury scene artists and the Rock in Opposition movement.

Canterbury scene
The Canterbury scene (or Canterbury sound) is a musical scene that originated in the city of Canterbury, Kent, England during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Associated with progressive rock, the term describes a loosely defined, improvisational style that blended elements of jazz, rock, and psychedelia.

These musicians played together in numerous bands, with ever-changing and overlapping personnel, creating some similarities in their musical output.  Many prominent British avant-garde or fusion musicians began their career in Canterbury bands, including Hugh Hopper, Steve Hillage, Dave Stewart, Robert Wyatt, Kevin Ayers, Richard Sinclair, Tony Coe, Daevid Allen, and Mike Ratledge.
Adit Nunatak
Adit Nunatak is an exposed area of land not covered with ice or snow 3 miles (5 km) west-northwest of Mount Alibi on the north side of Leppard Glacier, in Voden Heights on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land. Surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955. Named adit (entrance) by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC), because at the time (1957), it marked the approach to an unsurveyed inland area between Leppard Glacier and Flask Glacier.

Voden Heights
Voden Heights (Bulgarian: Воденски възвишения, ‘Vodenski Vazvisheniya’ \'vo-den-ski v&z-vi-'she-ni-ya\) are the heights extending 42.5 km in the east-west direction and 15.4 km wide, rising to 1700 m (Mount Zadruga) on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land.  They are bounded by Flask Glacier to the north, Scar Inlet to the east, Leppard Glacier to the south and its tributary Fleece Glacier to the southwest, and linked by a wide ice-covered saddle to Bruce Plateau to the west.  The feature is named after the settlements of Voden in Northeastern, Southeastern, and Southern Bulgaria.
Athletics in the Bahamas
This article is about the Athletics in the Bahamas from the early 20th century to onward

In 70 years, The Bahamas has won 14 Olympic medals at the Olympics, 25 medals at the IAAF World Championships in Athletics, and numerous medals at the Pan American Games and the Commonwealth Games. Bahamas has a population of 393,450 people, making it the 170th most populous country in the world.

Savatheda Fynes
Savatheda Fynes (born October 17, 1974) is a track and field sprint athlete, competing internationally for Bahamas. She is an Olympic gold medalist in the 4 x 100 meter relay race. Some sources spell her first name "Sevatheda".
1966 ACC men's basketball tournament
The 1966 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, at Reynolds Coliseum from March 3–5, 1966. Duke defeated NC State, 71–66, to win the championship for the fourth time. Steve Vacendak of Duke was named tournament MVP. This was the last ACC Tournament held at Reynolds Coliseum.

Duke defeated all three of their in-state rivals on their way to the tournament championship, beating Wake Forest in the quarterfinal round, North Carolina in the semifinal, and NC State in the championship game.

1965–66 Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team
The 1965–66 Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team represented Duke University in the 1965–66 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Vic Bubas and the team finished the season with an overall record of 26–4.
N85 road (Ireland)
The N85 road is a national secondary road in Ireland connecting Ennis and Ennistymon. The route connects to the M18 Ennis bypass and forms part of the Ennis outer ring road as the "N85 Western Relief Road". From Ennis the route continues in a north - west direction and terminates at the junction with the N67 at Ennistymon. It is located entirely in County Clare.

N67 road (Ireland)
The N67 road is a national secondary road in Ireland. It runs from Galway to Tarbert and passes through Oranmore, Clarinbridge, Kinvara, Ballyvaughan, Lisdoonvarna, Ennistymon, Lahinch, Milltown Malbay, Quilty, Doonbeg, Kilkee, Moyasta, Kilrush and Killimer. At Killimer, vehicle traffic is carried by the Shannon Ferry to Tarbert on the southern side of the Shannon Estuary.
Valda Lake
Valda Lake (born 11 October 1968) is a former tennis player from Great Britain who began playing professionally in 1983 and retired in 1997. Over the course of her career, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world number 172 in singles (achieved on 11 April 1988) and number 56 in doubles (achieved on 20 June 1994). During her career, Lake was more successful in doubles than she was in singles, winning eight ITF titles and reaching the final of the 1994 China Open. She represented Great Britain in the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta playing doubles with Clare Wood and reaching the quarter-finals before losing to the Gold Medalist American Team- Gigi Fernández and Mary Joe Fernández.

She currently lives in Los Angeles and owns an art gallery named "Wallspace" and is a set decorator in TV commercials.

Gigi Fernández
Beatriz "Gigi" Fernández (born February 22, 1964) is a Puerto Rican former professional tennis player.
Fernández won 17 major doubles titles and two Olympic gold medals representing the United States, and reached the world No. 1 ranking in doubles. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 17 in 1991. Since retiring from the professional tour in 1997 at the age of 33, Fernández has been a tennis coach, entrepreneur and philanthropist. She combines her two passions, tennis and travel and offers unique tennis experiences to tennis aficionados. Her doubles program, The Gigi Method, teaches players of all levels the art and science of doubles. She founded Tennis for Hope after her house flooded during Hurricane Helene to help people in the tennis community affected by Natural Disasters. Fernández is the first Puerto Rican to be inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
Pablo Piatti
Pablo Daniel Piatti (born 31 March 1989) is an Argentine former professional footballer. He operated mainly as a left winger, but could also play as a forward.

He spent the vast majority of his career in Spain after starting out at Estudiantes, appearing in 313 La Liga matches over 14 seasons and scoring a total of 48 goals for Almería, Valencia, Espanyol and Elche. He also represented Toronto FC in Major League Soccer, having signed in 2020.

Piatti was capped once for the Argentina national team, in 2011.

Trofeo de Campeones de la Liga Profesional
The Trofeo de Campeones de la Liga Profesional (English: Professional League Champions Trophy) is an official national football cup of Argentina organized by the Argentine Football Association (AFA) and contested by the winners of the Apertura Tournament and Clausura Tournament.

The competition is successor of Trofeo de Campeones organised by defunct Superliga Argentina, which was only played once.
Kōwa (Muromachi period)
Kōwa (弘和) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Tenju and before Genchū. This period spanned the years from February 1381 to April 1384. The Southern Court emperors in Yoshino during this time-frame were Emperor Chōkei (長慶天皇, Chōkei-tennō) and Emperor Go-Kameyama (後亀山天皇, Go-Kameyama-tennō). The Northern court emperors in Kyoto were Emperor Go-En'yū (後円融天皇, Go-En'yū-tennō) and Emperor Go-Komatsu (後小松天皇, Go-Komatsu-tennō)

Southern Court
The Southern Court (南朝, Nanchō) were a set of four emperors (Emperor Go-Daigo and his line) whose claims to sovereignty during the Nanboku-chō period spanning from 1336 through 1392 were usurped by the Northern Court. This period ended with the Southern Court definitively losing the war, and they were forced to completely submit sovereignty to the Northern Court. This had the result that, while later Japanese sovereigns were descended from the Northern Court, posterity assigns sole legitimacy during this period to the Southern Court.

The Southern descendants are also known as the "junior line" and the Daikakuji line (大覚寺統, Daikakuji-tō), Daikaku-ji being the cloistered home of Go-Uda, a Southern ruler. Because it was based in Yoshino, Nara, it is also called the Yoshino court (吉野朝廷, Yoshino chōtei).
Recognition of same-sex unions in Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe does not recognize same-sex marriages or civil unions. The Marriages Act does not provide for the recognition of same-sex marriage, and civil partnerships are only available to opposite-sex couples. The Constitution of Zimbabwe explicitly prohibits same-sex marriages.

Shona language
Shona (/ˈʃoʊnə/ SHOH-nə; endonym: chiShona [tʃiʃona]) is a Bantu language spoken by the Shona people of Zimbabwe and Mozambique. The term is variously used to collectively describe all the Central Shonic varieties (comprising Zezuru, Manyika, Korekore and Karanga or Ndau) or specifically Standard Shona, a variety codified in the mid-20th century. By the broader definition, the language is spoken by over 14 million people.

The larger group of historically related languages—called Shona or Shonic languages by linguists—also includes Ndau (Eastern Shona) and Kalanga (Western Shona). In Guthrie's classification of Bantu languages, zone S.10 designates the Shonic group.