hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Horsham
The History of Horsham, a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald in West Sussex, England, can be traced back to 947 AD, and there is evidence of earlier settlement.

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
2005 World Junior Curling Championships
The 2005 World Junior Curling Championships were held from March 3 to 13 at the Pinerolo Palaghiaccio in Pinerolo, Italy, the site of the curling tournament at the 2006 Olympics.

Canada, skipped by Kyle George and his team from Regina, Saskatchewan defeated Sweden, skipped by Nils Carlsén, 6–5 in the men's final. The game went to an extra end, where George tapped a Canadian stone for shot on his first, which was followed up by Carlsén missing a double-raise takeout attempt, clinching the victory for Canada. George did not have to throw his last stone.

Switzerland, skipped by Tania Grivel from Biel won the women's final, 10–2 over Sweden's Stina Viktorsson's rink. It was the second women's championship for Switzerland.

Pinerolo
Pinerolo (Italian pronunciation: [pineˈrɔːlo]; Piedmontese: Pinareul [pinaˈrøl]; French: Pignerol; Occitan: Pineròl) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, northwestern Italy, 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Turin on the river Chisone. The Lemina torrent has its source at the boundary between Pinerolo and San Pietro Val di Lemina.
Pipkin Rock
Pipkin Rock is a small ice-free island, lying northeast of Dismal Island in the Faure Islands, Marguerite Bay. The Faure Islands were discovered and first charted in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot. The group was surveyed in 1949 by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and so named from the insignificant size of the feature.

Marguerite Bay
Marguerite Bay or Margaret Bay is an extensive bay on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula, which is bounded on the north by Adelaide Island and on the south by Wordie Ice Shelf, George VI Sound and Alexander Island. The mainland coast on the Antarctic Peninsula is Fallières Coast. Islands within the bay include Pourquoi Pas Island, Horseshoe Island, Terminal Island, and Lagotellerie Island.  Marguerite Bay was discovered in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named the bay for his wife.
Tannhäuser (opera)
Tannhäuser (German: [ˈtanhɔʏzɐ]; full title Tannhäuser und der Sängerkrieg auf Wartburg, "Tannhäuser and the Minnesängers' Contest at Wartburg") is an 1845 opera in three acts, with music and text by Richard Wagner (WWV 70 in the catalogue of the composer's works). It is based on two German legends: Tannhäuser, the mythologized medieval German Minnesänger and poet, and the tale of the Wartburg Song Contest. The story centres on the struggle between sacred and profane love, as well as redemption through love, a theme running through most of Wagner's work.

The opera remains a staple of major opera house repertoire in the 21st century.

Frau Holle
"Frau Holle" (/ˈfraʊ ˈhɒl/; German: [fʁaʊ ˈhɔlə]; also known as "Mother Holle", "Mother Hulda" or "Old Mother Frost") is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm in Children's and Household Tales in 1812 (KHM 24). It is of Aarne-Thompson type 480.

Frau Holle (also known in various regions as Holla, Holda, Perchta, Berchta, Berta, or Bertha) was a folk figure whom the Grims claimed survived in popular belief well into the 19th century.

The name may be cognate of the Scandinavian creature known as the Hulder. Jacob Grimm made an attempt to establish her as a Germanic goddess.
KSPF
KSPF (98.7 FM, "98.7 The Spot") is a commercial radio station licensed to Dallas, Texas, and serving the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. KSPF is owned by Audacy, Inc., and airs a classic hits radio format.

KSPF's studios and offices are located off North Central Expressway at North Fitzhugh Avenue in Dallas. The transmitter site is in Cedar Hill off West Belt Line Road, amid the towers for other Dallas-area FM and TV stations. KSPF broadcasts in the HD Radio hybrid format; a simulcast of sister station KRLD is heard on the station's HD2 sub-channel.

CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.
David Munro (physician)
Air Vice-Marshal Sir David Munro KCB CIE (23 June 1878 – 8 November 1952) was a Scottish physician, senior Royal Air Force officer, and later Rector of the University of St Andrews.

As Director of the Royal Air Force Medical Service, he pointed out in 1925 that the speed of air travel from countries where infections were endemic to susceptible countries required consideration by public health administration.

Prior to this role, he was in the Indian Medical Service.

He served as Rector of St Andrews University from 1938 to 1946 – the longest to have served in this role due to there being no elections during World War II.

Indian Medical Service
The Indian Medical Service (IMS) was a military medical service in British India, which also had some civilian functions. Originating during the East India Company's period of rule, it was organised into a single unified service in 1896, served during the two World Wars, and remained in existence until the independence of India in 1947.

Many of its officers, who were both British and Indian, served in civilian hospitals. Among its notable ranks, the IMS had Sir Ronald Ross, a Nobel Prize winner, Sir Benjamin Franklin, later honorary physician to three British monarchs and Henry Vandyke Carter, best known for his illustrations in the anatomy textbook Gray's Anatomy.
NGC 4329
NGC 4329 is an elliptical galaxy located 144 million light-years away in the constellation Corvus. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 9, 1828. NGC 4329 is host a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 3.1×108 solar masses. NGC 4329 is a member of a group of 5 galaxies known as [T2015] nest 100478. NGC 4329 is the brightest member of this group and the group includes the galaxies IC 785, IC 786, MCG-02-32-006, and LEDA 170189. The redshift of NGC 4329 places it in the within the bounds of the Hydra-Centaurus supercluster.

Corvus (constellation)
Corvus is a small constellation in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere. Its name means "crow" in Latin. One of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, it depicts a raven, a bird associated with stories about the god Apollo, perched on the back of Hydra the water snake. The four brightest stars, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, and Beta Corvi, form a distinctive quadrilateral or cross-shape in the night sky.

With an apparent magnitude of 2.59, Gamma Corvi—also known as Gienah—is the brightest star in the constellation. It is an aging blue giant around four times as massive as the Sun. The young star Eta Corvi has been found to have two debris disks. Three star systems have exoplanets, and a fourth planetary system is unconfirmed. TV Corvi is a dwarf nova—a white dwarf and brown dwarf in very close orbit.
Superman: A Tale of Five Cities
Superman og Fredsbomben (translation: Superman and the Peace Bomb) or Superman: A Tale of Five Cities is a large prestige format 48-page graphic novel published by Danish publisher Interpresse in 1990. In celebration of Superman's 50th anniversary in 1988, DC Comics incentivized overseas publishers to produce an original story with the Man of Steel. Only the Interpresse editors from Denmark attended the call, comic book translator and writer Niels Søndergaard wrote the story featuring Clark Kent and Lois Lane in a Cold War adventure where Superman needs to thwart a Lex Luthor plan to control all nuclear bombs in Europe. The storyline presents the Man of Steel visiting five capitals from northern Europe and Scandinavia: Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm and Helsinki. The art and colors are provided by Teddy Kristiansen and the lettering by Rebecca Løwe. It was dedicated to Danish editors Henning Kure and Ove Høyer, pioneers of the superhero comics in Denmark.

Sibelius Monument
60°10′55″N 024°54′48.5″E﻿ / ﻿60.18194°N 24.913472°E﻿ / 60.18194; 24.913472

The Sibelius Monument (Finnish: Sibelius-monumentti; Swedish: Sibeliusmonumentet) by Eila Hiltunen is dedicated to the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius (1865–1957). The monument is located in Sibelius Park (Finnish: Sibeliuspuisto; Swedish: Sibeliusparken) in the Töölö district of Helsinki, Finland.
Leandro Mendoza
Leandro "Larry" Ramos Mendoza (March 17, 1946 – October 7, 2013) was a Filipino policeman and public official who served as Executive Secretary of the Philippines. He previously served as Chief of the Philippine National Police and Transportation and Communications secretary.

Executive Secretary (Philippines)
The Office of the Executive Secretary of the Philippines (formerly the Executive Office) is the head and highest-ranking official of the Office of the President of the Philippines and a member of the Cabinet of the Philippines.

The office-holder has been nicknamed as the "Little President" due to the nature and mandate of the position "to directly assist the President in the management of affairs of the government as well as to direct the operations of the Executive Office." It is headed by the executive secretary in which appointed by the president upon confirmation by the Commission on Appointments.

The office was established on October 12, 1936, with Jorge B. Vargas as the inaugural holder.

The position of executive secretary is currently held by former Finance Secretary Ralph Recto.
Uvaricin
Uvaricin is a bis(tetrahydrofuranoid) fatty acid lactone that was first isolated in 1982 from the roots of the Annonaceae Uvaria acuminata. Uvaricin was the first known example in a class of compounds known as acetogenins. Acetogenins, which are found in plants of the family Annonaceae, seem to kill cells by inhibiting NADH dehydrogenase in the mitochondrion. A method to synthesize uvaricin was first published in 1998, and an improved stereoselective synthesis published in 2001.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Starmania (musical)
Starmania is a Canadian-French rock opera written in 1976 with music by Michel Berger and book and lyrics by Luc Plamondon.

It debuted in 1978 with a studio recording of the songs, before premiering on stage in 1979.

An English-language studio version was also produced in 1992, with lyrics by Sir Tim Rice. Several stage revivals have been produced in France, Quebec and Germany, each with their distinctive styles.

Several of its songs have passed into mainstream Francophone pop culture, and helped original cast members Daniel Balavoine and Diane Dufresne to rise in popularity in France; it is now considered the most famous rock opera in French history.

Rock opera
A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs, especially a concept album, with lyrics that relate to a common story. The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device. The success of rock opera has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.

Unlike classical opera, rock operas are typically not scripted for theatrical production, like a classical oratorio, though some have been adapted as rock musicals.
Commission on Training Camp Activities
The Commission on Training Camp Activities (CTCA), also popularly known as the Fosdick Commission, was an umbrella agency within the United States Department of War during World War I that provided recreational and educational activities for soldiers as they trained for combat. Established in April 1917, the CTCA had the mandate to keep American troops "physically healthy and morally pure", while also motivating them to fight.

American Sexual Health Association
The American Sexual Health Association (ASHA), formally known as the American Social Hygiene Association and the American Social Health Association, is an American nonprofit organization established in 1914, that cites a mission to improve the health of individuals, families, and communities, with an emphasis on sexual health, as well as a focus on preventing sexually transmitted infections and their harmful consequences. ASHA uses tools such as education, communication, advocacy and policy analysis activities with the intent to heighten public, patient, provider, policymaker and media awareness of STI prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Madhupur Junction railway station
Madhupur Junction railway station (station code: MDP) is a railway station serving the town of Madhupur in the Deoghar district of the Indian state of Jharkhand. It falls under the jurisdiction of Asansol railway division of Eastern Railway and connects Madhupur and surrounding areas to several major metropolitan cities across India. The station lies on the Howrah–Delhi main line via the Asansol–Patna section and also serves the Madhupur–Giridih–Koderma line, which is a single broad-gauge route spanning 137 kilometres (85 mi). The station has four platforms and handles multiple categories of daily services, from EMU and passenger trains to express and superfast trains.

Deoghar district
Deoghar district (pronounced, Devo ka ghar) is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Deoghar, the central city of the district, is also its administrative headquarters. This district is known for the Baidyanath Jyotirlinga shrine and is a part of the Santhal Pargana division. Deoghar is a Hindi word meaning abode ('ghar') of the Gods and Goddesses ('dev'). Deoghar is also known as "Baidyanath Dham", and "Baba Dham",.
St. Louis–San Francisco 4003
St. Louis–San Francisco 4003 is a 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive built by the American Locomotive Company in October 1919 as a standard USRA Light Mikado for the Pennsylvania Railroad. The PRR, for unknown reasons, rejected 33 of 38 locomotives in the order.  The United States Railroad Administration reassigned 23 of them (road numbers 4000-4007 and 4017-4031) to the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway (SLSF), also known as the "Frisco".  The Frisco also received 10 sisters from the Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad (road numbers 4008-4016 and 4032), making 33 in all. The locomotive is now on display at the Fort Smith Trolley Museum in Fort Smith, Arkansas.

2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. This configuration of steam locomotive is most often referred to as a Mikado, frequently shortened to Mike.

It was also at times referred to on some railroads in the United States as the McAdoo Mikado and, during World War II, the MacArthur.

The notation 2-8-2T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.
Avenida 28 de Julio
28 de Julio Avenue (Spanish: Avenida 28 de Julio) is one of the main avenues in the city of Lima, Peru. It extends from west to east in the districts of Jesús María, Lima and La Victoria along 31 blocks.

The avenue's length allows it to pass through several landmarks, some present to the date and some gone, such as the lagoon next to the monument to Jorge Chávez, the latter built in 1937.

A bypass was built in 2016 which replaced the Proyecto Río Verde, a plan to redesign the area of the city surrounding Rímac river, which was met with controversy.

Jesús María District, Lima
Jesús María is a district located in central Lima, Peru. It is an upper class, high-density district and it usually ranks in the top districts with the best quality of life in Peru with a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.8372 (2019), lower only than the districts of La Molina and Lince.

Jesús María is located 103 meters above sea level and bordered by the districts of Pueblo Libre and Breña District on the west, downtown Lima on the north and east, Lince District on the southeast, and San Isidro and Magdalena del Mar on the south. Until 1963, when it was made into a separate district, Jesús María was attached to Lima District.
Geographical renaming
Geographical renaming is the changing of the name of a geographical feature or area, which ranges from the change of a street name to a change to the name of a country. Places are also sometimes assigned dual names for various reasons.

Republic of Upper Volta
The Republic of Upper Volta (French: République de Haute-Volta) was a landlocked West African country established on 11 December 1958 as a self-governing state within the French Community. Before becoming autonomous, it had been part of the French Union as the French Upper Volta. On 5 August 1960, it gained full independence from France. On 4 August 1984, it changed its name to Burkina Faso.
Yassamin Ansari
Yassamin Ansari (/ˈjɑːsəmɪn ænˈsɑːri/ YAH-sə-min an-SAH-ree, born April 7, 1992) is an American politician and climate policy advocate who serves as the U.S. representative for Arizona's 3rd congressional district since 2025. A Democrat, she previously served on the Phoenix City Council from 2021 to 2024.

At the time of her election to the Phoenix City Council, Ansari was the youngest person to be elected to the council and the first Iranian American elected to public office in Arizona. In 2024, she was elected to the House to succeed Ruben Gallego, who was elected in the 2024 Senate election. Ansari is also the youngest female member of Congress.

Congressional Progressive Caucus
The Congressional Progressive Caucus (CPC) is a congressional caucus affiliated with the Democratic Party in the United States Congress. The CPC represents the progressive faction of the Democratic Party. It was founded in 1991 and has grown since then, becoming the second-largest Democratic caucus in the House of Representatives.

As of July 19, 2024, the CPC has 98 members (95 voting representatives, one non-voting delegate, and one senator), making it the second-largest ideological caucus in the House Democratic Caucus by voting members, behind the New Democrat Coalition. The CPC is chaired by U.S. representative Greg Casar (D-TX). In addition, the CPC is affiliated with the Congressional Political Caucus PAC, a political action committee which is led by members of the caucus.
Kaiserslautern (electoral district)
Kaiserslautern is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 208. It is located in southern Rhineland-Palatinate, comprising the city of Kaiserslautern, the Donnersbergkreis district, the Kusel district, and the northeastern part of the Landkreis Kaiserslautern district.

Kaiserslautern was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2023, it has been represented by Matthias Mieves of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).

Kusel (district)
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north-west clockwise) Birkenfeld, Bad Kreuznach, Donnersbergkreis, Kaiserslautern, Saarpfalz and Sankt Wendel (the last two belonging to the state of Saarland).
Mahat (surname)
Mahat (Nepali: महत) is an Ekthariya chhetri surname among Nepalese, of Khasa heritage. The name may have originated when one of the Jumli Malla kings in medieval times made his younger brother, Dharma Malla, chief of staff in the army. This granted Dharma Malla the title of Mahat (Kshatriya) (meaning The Great One), and as a result, his descendants started using 'Mahat' as their surnames.

Like other Khasa chetris such as Thapa, Basnyat/Basnet, Karki and Khadka, Mahats worship Masta, a local non-vedic deity of the Karnali region. Among twelve Mastas, Khaapar Masta is their Kuldevata. Khasa Chhetris are referred to by their place of origin, and therefore Mahats are also called as Kalikote Mahat.

Basnet
Basnet/Basnyat (Nepali: बस्‍नेत/बस्न्यात) is a surname of Khasas of Nepal and India.
It is commonly found among Jharra Chhetri.

There are five different branches of Basnets in Nepal:

The Shreepali (Sripali) Jumli Basnets of Jumla bharadwaja later Gorkha.

The Khulal Basnets of Dhananjaya Gotriya

The Khaptari (Khaptadi Basnyat)King of Khaptad Raghuvanshi Kshatriya Kaushik gotriya

The Khaptadi Basnets with Kaushalaya gotra

The Lamichhane; Garga gotriya Basnets
Pazhayarai Vadathali
Pazhaiyarai vadathali Temple, or Pazhaiyarai Vadathali is a Hindu temple dedicated to Someswarar, a form of Shiva. It is located 6 km from Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu, India, on the Kumbakonam- Aavoor Road, 2 km away from the Thenupuriswarar Temple at Patteeswaram and 3 km from Darasuram. It is served by buses from Kumbakonam or mini buses from Darasuram, the bus stop is Cholan Maligai.  The Darasuram railway station is located close to the temple.

The temple is believed to be built during the Chola period and has several inscriptions dating back to the 8-9th century. The presiding deity, dharmapurieswarar, has a cursory mention in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the Tevaram, written by Tamil saint poets known as the nayanars and classified as Vaippu Sthalam.

The temple has three daily rituals at various times from 7:30 a.m. to 8 p.m., and three yearly festivals on its calendar. The annual Brahmotsavam (prime festival) is attended by thousands of devotees.

Darasuram
Darasuram or Dharasuram is a neighbourhood in the city of Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India. The area is known for the Airavateswara temple constructed by the Rajaraja Chola II in the 12th century CE. The temple is a recognised UNESCO World Heritage monument.