hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Itai-itai disease
Itai-itai disease (Japanese: イタイイタイ病, Hepburn: itai-itai byō; lit. 'it hurts-it hurts disease') was the name given to the mass cadmium poisoning of Toyama Prefecture, Japan, starting around 1912. The term "itai-itai disease" was coined by locals for the severe pains (Japanese: 痛い itai) people with the condition felt in the spine and joints. Cadmium (Cd) poisoning can also cause softening of the bones and kidney failure. Effective treatments involve the use of chelators to promote urinary excretion of Cd. The cadmium was released into rivers by mining companies in the mountains, which were successfully sued for the damage. Remediation efforts in the affected region have been ongoing since 1972 and were mostly complete as of 2012. Monetary costs of the cleanup have been paid for in part by Japan's national government, Mitsui Mining, and the Gifu and Toyama prefectural governments. Itai-itai disease is known as one of the Four Big Pollution Diseases of Japan.

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働省, Kōsei-rōdō-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Health and Labour'; MHLW) is a cabinet level ministry of the Japanese government. It is commonly known as Kōrō-shō (厚労省) in Japan. The ministry provides services on health, labour and welfare.

The Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare is a member of the Cabinet and is chosen by the Prime Minister, typically from among members of the Diet.
Nsit-Ibom
Nsit Ibom is a local government area in Akwa Ibom State,   Nigeria, it shares common boundaries with Ibesikpo Asutan, Etinan, Nsit Ubium and Uyo Local Government Areas. The people of Nsit Ibom are of the Ibibio ethnic extraction.

Nsit Ibom has a male population of 57,750 and a female population of 50,861 for aa total of 108,611 according to the 2006 National Census.

September 1991
In September 1991, the present Nsit Ibom Local Government Area was carved out leaving Nsit Ubium with its present two clans — Nsit and Ubium with 65 recognised villages and some other villages which are in existence.

Ibesikpo Asutan
Ibesikpo-Asutan is a Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It is inhabited by the Ibesikpo and Asutan clans. The Local Government Headquarters is Nung Udoe. It is the home of former Akwa Ibom State governor Obong Victor Attah.
It is also home to the one time Chief of Air staff, Late Air Marshall Nsikak Eduok.
It is made up of 43 villages.
The Lutheran Church National Headquarters, Seminary, and Lutheran High school are located in the Local Government, at Obot Idim.
Samuel Lucas (1805–1870)
Samuel Lucas (1805–1870) was a British brewer and amateur painter based in Hitchin.

His works range from extremely detailed representations to impressionistic views and he is likely to have been influenced by J. M. W. Turner.

Reginald Hine
Reginald Leslie Hine (25 September 1883 – 14 April 1949) FSA FRHS was a solicitor and historian whose writings centred on the market-town of Hitchin in Hertfordshire and its environs. He ended his life in 1949 by jumping in front of a train at Hitchin railway station when facing disciplinary proceedings from The Law Society.
Nandigama mandal
Nandigama mandal is one of the 20 mandals in NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Nandigama revenue division and the headquarters are located at Nandigama. The mandal is bounded Penuganchiprolu, Kanchikacherla, Chandarlapadu mandals and also a portion of it by the state of Telangana.

Chandarlapadu mandal
Chandarlapadu mandal is one of the 20 mandals in NTR District of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Nandigama revenue division and headquarters located at Chandarlapadu. The mandal is situated on the banks of Krishna River, bounded by Jaggayyapeta, Nandigama, Kanchikacherla mandals.
St. Antony's Church, Bommidi
St. Antony's Church is a Roman Catholic church situated in Bommidi, Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu, India. This church holds great prominence among the Christians, leading to its elevation as a Shrine by the Dharmapuri Diocese.

Diocese of Dharmapuri
The Diocese of Dharmapuri (Latin: Dharmapurien(sis)) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Dharmapuri, India, in the ecclesiastical province of Pondicherry and Cuddalore. The diocese administers to the political region of Dharmapuri district and Krishnagiri district.
Criticism of Islamism
The ideas and practices of the leaders, preachers, and movements of the Islamic revival movement known as Islamism (also referred to as Political Islam) have been criticized by non-Muslims and Muslims (often Islamic modernists and liberals).

Among those authors, scholars and leaders who have criticized Islamism, or some element of it, are Maajid Nawaz, Reza Aslan, Abdelwahab Meddeb, Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi, Khaled Abu al-Fadl, Gilles Kepel, Matthias Küntzel, Joseph E. B. Lumbard, Olivier Roy, and Indonesian Islamic group Nahdlatul Ulama.

Tenets of the Islamist movement that have come under criticism include: restrictions on freedom of expression to prevent apostasy from and insults to Islam; that Islam is not only a religion but a governing system; that historical Sharia, or Islamic law, is one, universal system of law, accessible to humanity, and necessary to enforcement for Islam to be truly practiced.

Political Islam
Political Islam is the interpretation of Islam as a source of political identity and action. It advocates the formation of state and society according to (the advocates understanding of) Islamic principles, where  Islam serves as a source of political positions and concepts. Political  Islam is generally used interchangeably  with  the term Islamism by authors inside and outside of academia, and thought  of as  the political element of the Islamic revival that began in the 20th century,
rather than  just any form of political activity by Muslims.  However, there have also been new attempts to distinguish between Islamism as religiously based political movements and political Islam as a national modern understanding of Islam shared by secular and Islamist actors.
Kosmos 2222
Kosmos 2222 (Russian: Космос 2222 meaning Cosmos 2222) is a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1992 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2222 was launched from Site 43/3 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 12:18 UTC on 25 November 1992. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1992-081A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 22238.

The satellite became inactive in 1995, and reentered the Earth's atmosphere on 3 May 2023 at 03:58 UTC.

Oko
Oko (Old Russian: Око, lit. 'Eye') is a Russian (previously Soviet) missile defence early warning programme consisting of satellites in Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. Oko satellites are used to identify launches of ballistic missiles by detection of their engines' exhaust plume in infrared light, and complement other early warning facilities such as Voronezh, Daryal and Dnepr radars. The information provided by these sensors can be used for the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system which defends Moscow. The satellites are run by the Russian Aerospace Forces, and previously the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces and Russian Space Forces. Since November 2015, it is being replaced by the new EKS system.
2021 Conference USA Football Championship Game
The 2021 Conference USA Football Championship Game was a college football game played on December 3, 2021, at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. It was the 17th edition of the Conference USA Football Championship Game and determined the champion of Conference USA (C–USA) for the 2021 season. The game began at 6:00 p.m. CST and aired on CBS Sports Network. The contest featured the hosts and West Division champion UTSA and the East Division champion Western Kentucky. Sponsored by tax services and consulting firm Ryan LLC, the game was officially known as the Ryan Conference USA Football Championship Game.

2021 Rice Owls football team
The 2021 Rice Owls football team represented Rice University in the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Owls played their home games at Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas, and competed in the West Division of Conference USA (C–USA). They were led by fourth-year head coach Mike Bloomgren.
2013 Castleford Tigers season
The 2013 season was the Castleford Tigers' 88th season in the Rugby Football League and their 6th consecutive season in the top flight of English rugby league. The club competed in the 2013 Super League and the 2013 Challenge Cup.

Castleford began the season under head coach Ian Millward, before he was dismissed in April. After assistant Danny Orr took charge as caretaker, Daryl Powell was appointed head coach in May. The team was captained by Michael Shenton. They finished the Super League season in 12th place.

Danny Orr
Daniel Crawford Orr (born 17 May 1978), is an English rugby league coach and former player. He is an assistant coach for the Keighley Cougars. A Great Britain international representative stand-off or scrum-half, Orr played in the Super League for the Castleford Tigers (two spells), Harlequins RL and the Wigan Warriors.
2014 Central American Championships in Athletics
The 25th Central American Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio Olímpico Palacio de los Deportes UNAH in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, between June 20–22, 2014.

A total of 44 events were contested, 22 by men and 22 by women.  In total, 6 championships records were set.  Guatemala won the overall team trophy.

Central American Championships in Athletics
The Central American Championships in Athletics (Campeonatos Centroamericanos Mayores) is an athletics event organized by the Confederación Atlética del Istmo Centroamericano CADICA (Central American Isthmus Athletic Confederation) open for athletes from member associations.
Decentralisation in Thailand
Decentralisation in Thailand is a political decentralisation in Thailand since the 1990s, caused by the democratic movement. The Thai Constitution of 1997 and the Decentralisation Law of 1999 started an official reform process, but from 2001 to 2010, both the Thaksin governments and the military junta tried to re-centralization the bureaucratic system under the CEO-style management and military sanctions. In the 2014 coup, a reform process had been frozen from the military-dominated politics.

Muban
Muban (Thai: หมู่บ้าน; RTGS: mu ban, pronounced [mùː bâːn]) is the lowest administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). As of 2008, there were 74,944 administrative mubans in Thailand. As of the 1990 census, the average village consisted of 144 households or 746 persons. The average land area of villages in Thailand is very small, its average area is about 6.84 km2 (2.64 sq mi), and its average population is also very small, at only 932 people.
Coupon (finance)
In finance, a coupon is the interest payment that a bond issuer promises to pay a bondholder regularly from the date of issuance until the date of maturity of a bond.

Coupons are normally described in terms of the "coupon rate", which is calculated by adding the sum of coupons paid per year and dividing it by the bond's face value. For example, if a bond has a face value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 5% (per year), then it pays total coupons of $50 per year. Typically, this will consist of two semi-annual payments of $25 each.

Nominal yield
The coupon rate (nominal rate, or nominal yield) of a fixed income security is the interest rate that the issuer agrees to pay to the security holder each year, expressed as a percentage of the security's principal amount or par value.  The coupon rate is typically stated in the name of the bond, such as "US Treasury Bond 6.25%". Unlike current yield, it does not vary with the market price of the security.

Coupon rates are fixed for the life of the security, except in the case of floating-rate bonds.
Enzyme Function Initiative
The Enzyme Function Initiative (EFI) is a large-scale collaborative project aiming to develop and disseminate a robust strategy to determine enzyme function through an integrated sequence–structure-based approach.  The project was funded in May 2010 by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences as a Glue Grant which supports the research of complex biological problems that cannot be solved by a single research group.  The EFI was largely spurred by the need to develop methods to identify the functions of the enormous number proteins discovered through genomic sequencing projects.

National Institute of General Medical Sciences
The National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) is one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the principal medical research agency of the United States Federal Government. NIH is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
De Férias com o Ex season 2
The second season of De Férias com o Ex, a Brazilian television programme, began airing on 19 October 2017 on MTV. The series concluded on 21 December 2017 after 10 episodes. The series was confirmed in April 2017. The group of cast members for this series include Are You the One? Brasil series 1 contestant Thaigo Consani. It also features the return of Gabi Prado following her appearance in the first series of the show.

De Férias com o Ex Diretoria season 1
The first season of De Férias com o Ex: Diretoria is premiered on June 6, 2024.

For the first time, a prize valued at R$ 100,000 will be at stake, the best "ex" of the season will win the prize and will be elected CEO of the season. It includes only former participants of the program in general, as well as the Celebs editions, and the derivative De Férias com o Ex Caribe.

The season has been filmed in Maragogi, Alagoas.
Army of Missouri
The Army of Missouri was a Confederate field army during the American Civil War that served as part of the Trans-Mississippi Department. It was established in September 1864 under the command of Major General Sterling Price to invade Missouri. The fall campaign was unsuccessful, and the army retreated to Arkansas, where it was broken up and reabsorbed into the Army of the Trans-Mississippi.

Sedalia, Missouri
Sedalia is a city located approximately 30 miles (50 kilometers) south of the Missouri River and, as the county seat of Pettis County, Missouri, United States, it is the principal city of the Sedalia Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 21,725. Sedalia is also the location of the Missouri State Fair and the Scott Joplin International Ragtime Festival. U.S. Routes 50 and 65 intersect in the city.
McCowat's Farm
McCowat's Farm is a heritage-listed plantation at McCowat Road, Garradunga, Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1920 by William Purdy. It is also known as Koodla. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Cassowary Coast Region
The Cassowary Coast Region is a local government area in the Far North Queensland region of Queensland, Australia, south of Cairns and centred on the towns of Innisfail, Cardwell and Tully. It was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shire of Cardwell and the Shire of Johnstone.

The Regional Council, which administers the region, has an estimated operating budget of A$64 million.

In the 2021 census, the Cassowary Coast Region had a population of 29,157 people.
Neoclassic (automobile)
A neoclassic, in automobile circles, is a relatively modern car that is made somewhat in the image of the classic cars of the 1920s and 1930s (as defined by, for example, the Classic Car Club of America) without being necessarily intended as a full replica. They are vehicles that hold the design prior to Ponton design, so they still keep the wheel arches separate from the bodywork.

The term originated with the Excalibur automobile in the 1960s in the United States, and has been applied to cars from a number of makes since then, including Panther, Zimmer, Tiffany, Clénet, Mitsuoka, Desande, Spartan and others. Currently there are more than 30 brands that produce Neoclassic cars.

Excalibur (automobile)
The Excalibur automobile is a car styled after the 1928 Mercedes-Benz SSK by Brooks Stevens for Studebaker. Stevens subsequently formed a company to manufacture and market the cars, which were a standard Studebaker chassis with special bodywork (and soon got an upgraded engine as well). The Excalibur has a Neoclassic design, a term used to designate automobiles produced in the 1960s–1990s in the elegant and prestigious style cars of the 1920s and 1930s. Zimmer and Tiffany are two additional examples of Neoclassic design.
Sattia gens
The gens Sattia was an obscure plebeian family of senatorial rank at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are known from the final century of the Republic to the time of Diocletian, but few of them held any of the higher offices of the Roman state.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
NBA on television in the 1960s
As one of the major sports leagues in North America, the National Basketball Association has a long history of partnership with television networks in the US. The League signed a contract with DuMont in its 8th season (1953–54), marking the first year the NBA had a national television broadcaster. Similar to NFL, the lack of television stations led to NBC taking over the rights beginning the very next season until April 7, 1962 - NBC's first tenure with the NBA. After the deal expired, Sports Network Incorporated (later known as the Hughes Television Network) signed up for two-year coverage in the 1962–63, 1963–64 season. ABC gained the NBA in 1964, the network aired its first NBA game on January 3, 1965, but lost the broadcast rights to CBS after the 1972–73 season with the initial tenure ending on May 10, 1973.

NBA on SNI
The NBA on SNI refers to National Basketball Association television coverage on the now defunct television network known as Sports Network Incorporated (later known as the Hughes Television Network).  Coverage began in the 1962-63 season (after the NBA's deal with NBC ended) and lasted through the 1963-64 season (when the NBA entered an agreement with ABC).
Sport in London
In London, a diverse array of athletics stretching from cricket to football to tennis have further granted its city the spotlight throughout the world. London has hosted the Olympic Games in 1908, 1948, and most recently in 2012, making it the most frequently chosen city in modern Olympic history. Other popular sports in London include rowing, rugby, basketball, and most recently American Football.

White City Stadium
White City Stadium in London, England, was built for the 1908 Summer Olympics. It hosted the finish of the first modern marathon and swimming, speedway, boxing, show jumping, athletics, stock car racing, concerts and a match at the 1966 World Cup.

From 1927, it was a venue for greyhound racing, hosting the English Greyhound Derby until its closure in 1984. The stadium was demolished in 1985 and the site is now occupied by White City Place.

White City was also used for stock car racing in the early seventies when Spedeworth promoted racing on Friday nights usually alternate Fridays to their Walthamstow promotions.
ASEAN Power Grid
The ASEAN Power Grid (APG) is a key initiative under the ASEAN Vision 2020 and has the goal of achieving regional interconnection for energy security, accessibility, affordability and sustainability. The APG is a regional power interconnection initiative aiming to connect the electricity infrastructure of the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

The main goal of the ASEAN Power Grid is to ensure energy security in the ASEAN region by integrating the power infrastructure across different countries. This includes the construction of cross-border power interconnections, which would allow the sharing of excess power capacity among ASEAN countries. The APG initiative is expected to enhance electricity trade across borders, meet the rising electricity demand, and improve access to energy services in the region. It is also seen as a way to promote the use of renewable energy sources within the region.

Brunei Darussalam–Indonesia–Malaysia–Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area
The Brunei Darussalam–Indonesia–Malaysia–Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA) is a cooperation initiative established in 1994 to spur development in remote and less developed areas in the four participating Southeast Asian countries.

It is home to ecologically important areas. The Heart of Borneo, which straddles Indonesia, Malaysia, and parts of Brunei, is the largest contiguous forest area remaining in Southeast Asia. The Sulu–Sulawesi Seas is a highly biodiverse, globally significant biogeographic unit in the Coral Triangle—the center of the world's highest concentration of marine biodiversity.
Biden School of Public Policy and Administration
The Joseph R. Biden, Jr. School of Public Policy and Administration (also branded as the Biden School) is the public policy school of the University of Delaware, located in Newark, Delaware. Previously the College of Urban Affairs and Public Policy, The school was renamed in December 2018 after Joe Biden, then a former Vice President and later the 46th president of the United States.

The school offers three undergraduate programs, six master's programs, an online MPA program, and four doctorate programs. The Master in Public Administration program is accredited by the National Association of School of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) and is also the only MPA program in the state of Delaware to be NASPAA-accredited.

Public policy school
A public policy school or school of public affairs is typically a university program, institution, or professional school of public policy, public administration, political science, international relations, security studies, management, urban planning, urban studies, intelligence studies, global studies, emergency management, public affairs, nonprofit management, criminology, and the sociology of law.

Public policy schools typically train students in two streams. The more practical stream treats the master's degree as a terminal degree, which trains students to work as policy analysts or practitioners in governments, government relations, think tanks, business-to-government marketing/sales, and consulting firms. A more theoretical stream aims to train students who are aiming to go on to complete doctoral studies with the goal of becoming professors of public policy, political science in general, or researchers.