hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Milky seas effect
Milky seas, sometimes confused with mareel, are a luminous phenomenon in the ocean in which large areas of seawater (up to 100,000 km2 or 39,000 sq mi) appear to glow diffusely and continuously (in varying shades of blue). Such occurrences glow brightly enough at night to be visible from satellites orbiting Earth. Unlike flashing waves or red-tide luminescence caused by "algae" such as dinoflagellates, milky seas originate from luminous bacteria.

Mariners and other seafarers have reported that the ocean often emits a visible glow which extends for miles at night. In 2005, scientists announced that for the first time, they had obtained photographic evidence of this glow. In a follow-up study, they observed a glow that persisted for over 40 days.

Steven Haddock
Steven H. D. Haddock is a marine biologist known for his work on bioluminescence of the jellylike animals of the open ocean and the deep sea, and the photoproteins and fluorescent proteins of these animals.
Cup product
In mathematics, specifically in algebraic topology, the cup product is a method of adjoining two cocycles of degree  and  to form a composite cocycle of degree .  This defines an associative (and distributive) graded commutative product operation in  cohomology, turning the cohomology of a space  into a graded ring, , called the cohomology ring.  The cup product was introduced in work of J. W. Alexander, Eduard Čech and Hassler Whitney from 1935–1938, and, in full generality, by Samuel Eilenberg in 1944.

Cocycle
In mathematics a cocycle is a closed cochain.  Cocycles are used in algebraic topology to express obstructions (for example, to integrating a differential equation on a closed manifold).  They are likewise used in group cohomology.  In autonomous dynamical systems, cocycles are used to describe particular kinds of map, as in Oseledets theorem.
Scott Dixon (boxer)
Scott Dixon (born 28 September 1976) is a Scottish professional boxer. He held the Commonwealth welterweight title in 2000 and challenged for the British welterweight title in 1999. He has been based in Malta since 2005.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Tom McGrath (Gaelic footballer)
Thomas McGrath (born 1956) is an Irish former hurler and Gaelic footballer. At club level he played with Loughmore–Catsleiney as a dual player and was also a member of the Tipperary senior football team.

Tipperary Senior Football Championship
The Tipperary Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association club competition between the top Gaelic football clubs in Tipperary. The winners of the Tipperary Championship qualify to represent their county in the Munster Senior Club Football Championship, the winners of which advance to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.
Bakanlıklar
Bakanlıklar (literally "Ministries") is a neighborhood in central Ankara, the capital of Turkey. It's a section of the larger Kizilay neighborhood, centered around nearby Kizilay Square.

As the name suggests, the area is the location of several agencies of the Turkish government, most notably the Grand National Assembly, the Turkish parliament, which has met here since 1960. The Supreme Court of Appeals, the Interior Ministry and the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces are also located in the neighborhood, as well as the popular Güvenpark.

Kızılay Square
July 15 Kızılay National Will Square (Turkish: 15 Temmuz Kızılay Millî İrade Meydanı), originally Kızılay Square (Kızılay Meydanı), is one of the most important centers and junction points of Ankara, Turkey.
James Bergin (hurler)
James Bergin (born 26 November 1998) is an Irish hurler who plays for Kilkenny Intermediate Championship club Conahy Shamrocks and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right corner-forward.

All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship is an annual inter-county club hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) since 2002-03 for eligible hurling clubs. Clubs qualify for the competition based on their performance in their county club championships.

The final, usually held in early February, serves as the culmination of a series of games played during the winter months, and the results determine which county's team receives the cup. The championship has always been played on a straight knockout basis whereby once a team loses they are eliminated from the series. In the present format, it begins in October with provincial championships held in Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster, with the four respective champions contesting the subsequent All-Ireland series with the British champions.

St Lachtain's are the title-holders, defeating Russell Rovers in the 2025 final.
German orthography
German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic. However, it shows many instances of spellings that are historic or analogous to other spellings rather than phonemic. The pronunciation of almost every word can be derived from its spelling once the spelling rules are known, but the opposite is not generally the case.

Today, Standard High German orthography is regulated by the Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (Council for German Orthography), composed of representatives from most German-speaking countries.

Quotation mark
Quotation marks are punctuation marks used in pairs in various writing systems to identify direct speech, a quotation, or a phrase. The pair consists of an opening quotation mark and a closing quotation mark, which may or may not be the same glyph. Quotation marks have a variety of forms in different languages and in different media.
2024 Waterford City and County Council election
An election to all 32 seats on Waterford City and County Council was held on 7 June 2024 as part of the 2024 Irish local elections. Waterford City and County is divided into 6 local electoral areas (LEAs) to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

2024 Irish local elections
The 2024 Irish local elections were held in all local authorities in Ireland on Friday, 7 June 2024. European Parliament elections were held on the same day. It also included the 2024 Limerick mayoral election, for the first directly elected mayor in Ireland. Each local government area (a city, a county, or a city and county) is divided into local electoral areas (LEAs) where three to seven councillors are elected on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). This year saw a record number of women standing for election, with 31.4% (682 out of 2,171 candidates) being female. 26.1% of those elected were women (248 out of 949), a small increase compared to the last elections. Voter turnout for the elections was 49.4%, the first time less than half of registered voters participated, slightly down from 50.2% in 2019.
Manastir Peak
Manastir Peak (Bulgarian: връх Манастир, romanized: vrah Manastir, IPA: [ˈvrɤx mɐnɐˈstir]) is a rocky peak rising to 1,340 m (4,400 ft) in Ivanili Heights on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica.  It surmounts Brenitsa Glacier to the north and west, and Rogosh Glacier to the southeast.  The feature is named after the settlement of Manastir in Southern Bulgaria.

Brenitsa Glacier
Brenitsa Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Бреница, romanized: lednik Brenitsa, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ brɛˈnit͡sɐ]) is the 14 km long and 4.5 km wide glacier on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land in Antarctica situated southwest of Drygalski Glacier, west of Rogosh Glacier and east of Hektoria Glacier.  Draining southwards from the south slopes of Foster Plateau east of Mount Quandary to flow into Vaughan Inlet, Weddell Sea next east of Hektoria Glacier.

The feature is named after the settlements of Brenitsa in northern and northeastern Bulgaria.
Zeekr X
The Zeekr X (Chinese: 极氪X; pinyin: Jíkè X) is a battery electric compact crossover SUV developed and produced by Zeekr, a premium NEV brand of Geely. It is the third production vehicle produced by the brand and was launched in April 2023. The model is based on the Geely developed Sustainable Experience Architecture (SEA) electric vehicle platform shared with the Smart #1, and the electric motors and batteries are made by VREMT (Viridi E-Mobility Technology), a company fully owned by Geely, which also produces the motors and batteries for Smart #1.

Compact crossover SUV
Compact crossover SUV is an automobile classification used mainly in North America to describe a segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, between subcompact crossover SUV and mid-size crossover SUV.

By the late 2010s, the segment had emerged as the most popular automobile segment in several regions. For example, nearly one in every four cars sold in the United States in 2019 was a compact crossover, at about 24.2 percent.

The best-selling vehicle in the segment in 2020 was the Toyota RAV4, with 995,762 units sold globally. It was also the second best-selling automobile in the world after the Toyota Corolla in 2021.
Collapse (topology)
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a collapse reduces a simplicial complex (or more generally, a CW complex) to a homotopy-equivalent subcomplex. Collapses, like CW complexes themselves, were invented by J. H. C. Whitehead. Collapses find applications in computational homology.

Simplicial complex
In mathematics, a simplicial complex is a structured set of simplices (for example, points, line segments, triangles, and their n-dimensional counterparts) such that all the faces and intersections of the elements are also included in the set (see illustration). Simplicial complexes should not be confused with the more abstract notion of a simplicial set appearing in modern simplicial homotopy theory. The purely combinatorial counterpart to a simplicial complex is an abstract simplicial complex. To distinguish a simplicial complex from an abstract simplicial complex, the former is often called a geometric simplicial complex.: 7
Kaltwasserkarspitze
The Kaltwasserkarspitze is a mountain in the Hinterautal-Vomper Chain and, at 2,733 m (AA) m, is the fourth highest peak in the Karwendel mountains in Austria after the Birkkarspitze, Middle and Eastern Ödkarspitze. The Kaltwasserkarspitze is the eastern neighbour of the Birkkarspitze, its rugged summit dropping in a steep rock face to the valley of Kleiner Ahornboden. A long arête heads south from the mountain, on which are the Sägezähne ("saw teeth") and the Großer Heißenkopf (2,431 m (AA)) and which separates the Östliche Birkkar from the Raukarl.

The mountain was first climbed in 1870 by Hermann von Barth.

Karwendel
The Karwendel is the largest mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps. It is located on the Austria–Germany border. The major part belongs to the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, while the adjacent area in the north is part of Bavaria, Germany. Four chains stretch from west to east; in addition, there are a number of fringe ranges and an extensive promontory (Vorkarwendel) in the north.
Serge-Bes
Serge-Bes (Russian: Серге-Бес; Yakut: Сэргэ Бэс, Serge Bes) is a rural locality (a selo), one of two settlements, in addition to Sulgachchy, in Sulgachchinsky Rural Okrug of Aldansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 90 kilometers (56 mi) from Amga, the administrative center of the district and 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from Sulgachchy. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 265; up from 252 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Amga (rural locality)
Amga (Russian: Амга́; Yakut: Амма, Amma) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Amginsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia. It also the only inhabited locality and the administrative center of Amginsky Rural Okrug within Amginsky District. Population:  6,533 (2010 Census); 6,359 (2002 Census); 5,191 (1989 Soviet census).
1981 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1981 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Ten Conference teams for the 1981 college football season.  Two players were unanimous first-team selections by the Associated Press (AP) media panel: Butch Woolfolk of Michigan and Tim Krumrie of Wisconsin.  Three players missed being unanimous AP selections by one vote Anthony Carter of Michigan and Reggie Roby and Andre Tippett of Iowa.

Tim Krumrie
Timothy Alan Krumrie (born May 20, 1960) is an American former professional football player who spent his entire 12-year career as a nose tackle for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL) from 1983 through 1994. He played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers.
Trace inequality
In mathematics, there are many kinds of inequalities involving matrices and linear operators on Hilbert spaces. This article covers some important operator inequalities connected with traces of matrices.

Inequality (mathematics)
In mathematics, an inequality is a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions. It is used most often to compare two numbers on the number line by their size. The main types of inequality are less than and greater than (denoted by < and >, respectively the less-than and greater-than signs).
Pen & Pixel
Pen & Pixel Graphics, Inc. was an American graphic design firm based in Houston, Texas that specialized in musical album covers, especially for gangsta rap artists in the Southern United States. For a long time, it was the house design firm for No Limit Records, Cash Money Records, and Suave House Records.

Big Tymers
Big Tymers (also stylized as Big Tymer$) is an American hip hop duo composed of Cash Money Records co-founder Baby (later known as Birdman) and the label's in-house producer Mannie Fresh, both of whom originate from New Orleans, Louisiana. Formed in 1997, the act is a spin-off of the label's supergroup, Cash Money Millionaires.

The duo has released five studio albums: How You Luv That (1997) and its reissue (1998), I Got That Work (2000), Hood Rich (2002), and Big Money Heavyweight (2003). Hood Rich peaked atop the Billboard 200 and spawned the single "Still Fly", which peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2005, Mannie Fresh resigned from Cash Money due to financial disputes with Birdman and his brother, Ronald "Slim" Williams, effectively dissolving the duo.

In 2018, the duo reunited for the song "Designer Caskets", released for the Cash Money Records documentary soundtrack album Before Anythang.
What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life?
"What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life?" is a song with lyrics written by Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman and original music written by Michel Legrand for the 1969 film The Happy Ending, performed by Michael Dees. The song was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost out to "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head".

The same title was used 25 years earlier by Ted Koehler and Burton Lane for their song for the 1944 film Hollywood Canteen. A Ted Weems recording of 1938 also has an identical title.

Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head
"Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" is a song written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David for the 1969 film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. The uplifting lyrics describe somebody who overcomes his troubles and worries by realizing that "it won't be long till happiness steps up to greet me."

The single by B. J. Thomas reached No. 1 on charts in the United States, Canada and Norway, and reached No. 38 on the UK Singles Chart. It topped the Billboard Hot 100 for four weeks in January 1970 and was also the first American No. 1 hit of the 1970s. The song also spent seven weeks atop the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. Billboard ranked it as the No. 4 song of 1970. According to Billboard magazine, it had sold over 2 million copies by March 14, 1970, with eight-track and cassette versions also climbing the charts. It won an Academy Award for Best Original Song. Bacharach also won Best Original Score.
Wyoming v. Houghton
Wyoming v. Houghton, 526 U.S. 295 (1999), is a United States Supreme Court case which held that absent exigency, the warrantless search of a passenger's container capable of holding the object of a search for which there is probable cause is not a violation of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution because it is justified under the automobile exception as an effect of the car.

Exigent circumstance
In criminal procedure law of the United States, an exigent circumstance allows law enforcement (under certain circumstances) to enter a structure without a search warrant, or if they have a "knock and announce" warrant, allows them to enter without knocking and waiting for the owner's permission to enter. It must be a situation where people are in imminent danger, evidence faces imminent destruction, or a suspect's escape is imminent. Once entry is obtained, the plain view doctrine applies, allowing the seizure of any evidence or contraband discovered in the course of actions consequent upon the exigent circumstances.
Cephalotes marginatus
Cephalotes marginatus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants. The species is native of the northern half of South America, especially Amazon basin, Ecuador and Colombia. Their larger and flatter legs, a trait common with other members of the genus Cephalotes, gives them their gliding abilities.

The species was first given a description and a classification in 1804 by Danish entomologist Johan Christian Fabricius.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Höchberg
Höchberg is a municipality in the district of Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany. Höchberg borders, in the east, directly on the city of Würzburg. Höchberg consists of two main urban areas: Altort and Hexenbruch. Residential construction areas have been added in recent years, for example "Mehle" 
and " Mehle II".

Würzburg (district)
Würzburg is a Landkreis (district) in the northwestern part of Bavaria, Germany.
Neighboring districts are (from the north, clockwise) Main-Spessart, Schweinfurt, Kitzingen, Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim, and the district Main-Tauber in Baden-Württemberg. The city Würzburg is not part of the district, although it is completely enclosed by it.
Ghost Ship of Northumberland Strait
In Canadian ghostlore, the Ghost Ship of Northumberland Strait is a ghost ship said to sail ablaze within the Northumberland Strait, the body of water that separates Prince Edward Island from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in eastern Canada.

Canadian folklore
Canadian folklore is the traditional material that Canadians pass down from generation to generation, either as oral literature or "by custom or practice". It includes songs, legends, jokes, rhymes, proverbs, weather lore, superstitions, and practices such as traditional food-making and craft-making. The largest bodies of folklore in Canada belong to the aboriginal and French-Canadian cultures. English-Canadian folklore and the folklore of recent immigrant groups have added to the country's folk.
Mount Kirkwood
Mount Kirkwood (63°0′S 60°39′W﻿ / ﻿63.000°S 60.650°W﻿ / -63.000; -60.650) is a mountain, 460 m, standing 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Entrance Point in the south part of Deception Island, in the South Shetland Islands. First charted by a British expedition 1828–31, under Foster. Named in 1950 by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Commander Harry Kirkwood, Royal Navy, master of the John Biscoe in Antarctic waters, 1948–50.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Kirkwood". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Entrance Point
Entrance Point (63°0′S 60°33′W﻿ / ﻿63.000°S 60.550°W﻿ / -63.000; -60.550) is a point marking the south side of Neptunes Bellows, the entrance to Port Foster, Deception Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Deception Island was known to sealers in the area as early as 1821. The point was named by the Hydrographic Department of the Admiralty following a survey by Lieutenant Commander D.N. Penfold, Royal Navy, in 1948–49.
Johor Bahru Prison
Johor Bahru Prison (Malay: Penjara Johor Bahru), also known as Kota Jail and Ayer Molek Prison, is a defunct prison in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Constructed in 1883, it is the third oldest prison in Malaysia after Taiping Prison in Perak and Banda Hilir Prison in Malacca. The prison relocated its operations to Simpang Renggam in central Johor in 2005, and has since been used as an event space.

Taiping Prison
Taiping Prison (Malay: Penjara Taiping), formerly known as Larut Prison and Taiping Training Centre, is a prison in Taiping, Perak, Malaysia. Established in 1879, it is the first and oldest modern prison complex in the country.
Kirby Misperton
Kirby Misperton is a small village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England and has a population of around 370.

It is about four miles (6 km) south from Pickering by road and about seven miles (11 km) north from Malton, just west of the A169 road.

From 1974 to 2023 the village was part of the Ryedale district. It is now administered by North Yorkshire Council.

Pickering, North Yorkshire
Pickering is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, on the border of the North York Moors National Park. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is at the foot of the moors, overlooking the Vale of Pickering to the south.

Pickering Parish Church, with its medieval wall paintings, Pickering Castle, the North Yorkshire Moors Railway and Beck Isle Museum have made Pickering popular with visitors. Nearby places include Malton, Norton-on-Derwent and Scarborough.
Pauliina Feodoroff
Pauliina Feodoroff (born 1977 in Inari, Finland) is a Skolt Sámi film director, theater director, screenwriter, and Sápmi advocate. An active advocate of Sámi culture and Sámi rights, she has served as Chair of the Saami Council.

Skolts
The Skolt Sámi or Skolts are a Sámi ethnic group. They currently live in and around the villages of Sevettijärvi, Keväjärvi, Nellim in the municipality of Inari, at several places in the Murmansk Oblast and in the village of Neiden in Sør-Varanger Municipality. The Skolts are considered to be the indigenous people of the borderland area between present-day Finland, Russia and Norway, i.e. on the Kola Peninsula and the adjacent Fenno-Scandinavian mainland. They belong to the eastern group of Sámi on account of their language and traditions, and are traditionally Orthodox rather than Lutheran Christians like most Sámi and Finns.

In 2024, Venke Törmänen, the leader of an NGO called Norrõs Skoltesamene, appeared in Ságat, a Sámi newspaper, saying "Eastern Sámi" should not be used to refer to the Skolt Sámi.
Bakarhythm
Hidetomo Masuno (升野 英知, Masuno Hidetomo; born November 28, 1975, in Tagawa, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan), better known for his stage name Bakarhythm (バカリズム, Bakarizumu), is a Japanese comedian, narrator, actor, playwright, and lyricist. He is sometimes called Bakarhythm Masuno (バカリズム 升野, Bakarizumu Masuno).

Glossary of owarai terms
The following glossary of words and terms (generally of Japanese origin) are related to owarai (Japanese comedy).  Many of these terms may be used in areas of Japanese culture beyond comedy, including television and radio, music. Some have been incorporated into normal Japanese speech.