hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlie Bowman
Charles Thomas Bowman (July 30, 1889 – May 20, 1962) was an American old-time fiddle player and string band leader.  He was a major influence on the distinctive fiddle sound that helped shape and develop early Country music in the 1920s and 1930s.  After delivering a series of performances that won him the first prize in dozens of fiddle contests across Southern Appalachia in the early 1920s, Bowman toured and recorded with several string bands and vaudeville acts before forming his own band, the Blue Ridge Music Makers, in 1935.  In his career, he would be associated with country and bluegrass pioneers such as Uncle Dave Macon, Fiddlin' John Carson, Roy Acuff, Charlie Poole, and Bill Monroe.

Uncle Dave Macon
David Harrison Macon (October 7, 1870 – March 22, 1952), known professionally as Uncle Dave Macon, was an American old-time banjo player, singer, songwriter, and comedian.  Known as "The Dixie Dewdrop", Macon was known for his chin whiskers, plug hat, gold teeth, and gates-ajar collar; he gained regional fame as a vaudeville performer in the early 1920s before becoming the first star of the Grand Ole Opry in the latter half of the decade.

Macon's music is considered the ultimate bridge between 19th-century American folk and vaudeville music and the phonograph and radio-based music of the early 20th-century. Music historian Charles Wolfe wrote, "If people call yodelling Jimmie Rodgers 'the father of country music,' then Uncle Dave must certainly be 'the grandfather of country music'." Macon's polished stage presence and lively personality have made him one of the most enduring figures of early country music.
Iboxamycin
Iboxamycin is a synthetic lincosamide or oxepanoprolinamide antibiotic. It binds to the bacterial ribosome in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and it has been found to effective against bacteria which are resistant to other antibiotics that target the large ribosomal subunit. It was developed by combining an oxepanoproline unit with the aminooctose residue of clindamycin.

Iboxamycin is effective against ESKAPE bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus, Clostridioides difficile, and Listeria monocytogenes, indicating an extended spectrum when compared to clindamycin. Isotopic labeling of iboxamycin with tritium indicated that it binds 70 times more tightly to the ribosome than clindamycin.

Iboxamycin can be administered orally and is safe when administered to mice. It is a bacteriostatic antibiotic.

Oxepane
Oxepane is a heterocyclic chemical compound with the formula C6H12O: a cycloheptane in which one methylene group is replaced by oxygen.

Oxepane can be polymerized by cationic initiators such as (C2H5)3OSbCl6 to form a crystalline solid with a melting point around 56–58 °C.
Jackie Stacey
Jackie Stacey is a feminist film theorist. She has contributed to the fields of cultural studies, ethnography, and feminist film theory, particularly in regards to star studies and examining the spectatorial response to film. She is a currently professor of Media and Cultural Studies and the director of the Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Languages (CIDRAL) at the University of Manchester. She previously worked in the Department of Sociology at Lancaster University as a professor of women's studies and cultural studies. She has served as co-editor of Screen since 1994. As an author, she has been largely collected by libraries.

Sarah Franklin
Sarah Franklin (born 1960) is an American anthropologist who has substantially contributed to the fields of feminism, gender studies, cultural studies and the social study of reproductive and genetic technology. She has conducted fieldwork on IVF, cloning, embryology and stem cell research. Her work combines both ethnographic methods and kinship theory, with more recent approaches from science studies, gender studies and cultural studies. In 2001 she was appointed to a Personal Chair in the Anthropology of Science, the first of its kind in the UK, and a field she has helped to create. She became Professor of Social Studies of Biomedicine in the Department of Sociology at the London School of Economics in 2004. In 2011 she was elected to the Professorship of Sociology at the University of Cambridge.
Lakes State
Lakes is a state in South Sudan. It has an area of 43,595.08 km2. Rumbek is the capital of the state. Lakes is in the Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan, in addition to Northern Bahr el Ghazal, Western Bahr el Ghazal, and Warrap states. Bahr el Ghazal itself was a former province which was split from the Anglo-Egyptian mudiriyat, or province of Equatoria in 1948. The eastern border was the White Nile with Jonglei State on the opposite bank. To the northeast lied the Unity State. Other borders included Warrap State towards the northwest, Western Equatoria to the south and west, and Central Equatoria to the south.

In July 2011, Ramciel in Lakes state was under consideration by the federal government as a site for a new national capital, which would replace Juba.

Unity State
Unity State, also known as Western Upper Nile, is a state in South Sudan. Unity State is in the Greater Upper Nile region. Unity is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups: the Nuer majority, and the Dinka minority.

In 2015, a presidential decree established a new system of 28 states, replacing the previously established 10. Unity State was replaced by the states of Ruweng, Northern Liech and Southern Liech. Unity State was re-established by a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020 with smaller boundaries as the northern part of the former state became the Ruweng Administrative Area.
Saka–Satavahana Wars
The Saka—Satavahana wars were a series of conflicts between the Western Satraps and the Satavahanas in the first and second century CE. Both sides achieved success at varying points during the conflicts, but in the end, the Satavahanas prevailed. However, constant wars with the Sakas severely weakened them and was a major contributor in their fall.

Nashik
Nashik, formerly Nasik, is a city in the northern region of the Indian state of Maharashtra situated on the banks of the river Godavari, about 165 km (103 mi) northeast of the state capital Mumbai.

Nashik is one of the Hindu pilgrimage sites of the Kumbh Mela, which is held every 12 years.

According to the Ramayana, Nashik is where Lakshmana cut off the nose of the demoness Shurpanakha on the banks of the Godavari River. It is also called Panchavati.
It was known as "Gulshanabad" during the Mughal period.
Rajkharsawan Junction railway station
Rajkharsawan Junction Railway Station is a railway station on Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line under Chakradharpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Rajkharsawan, Seraikela Kharsawan district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is 42 km (26 mi) from Tatanagar Junction and 20 km (12 mi) from Chakradharpur railway station.

Chakradharpur railway division
Chakradharpur railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 14 April 1952 and its headquarter is located at Chakradharpur in West Singhbhum district of the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Kharagpur railway division, Adra railway division and Ranchi railway division are the other three railway divisions under SER Zone, headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata.
Java TV
Java TV is a Java-based software framework designed for use on TV set-top boxes, based on components called Xlets. It is currently used only on the Connected Device Configuration, specifically for iTV applications development.

The API includes the Xlet classes in the package javax.tv.xlet. Other packages of the public API include

javax.tv.graphics - provides a simple rendering canvas

javax.tv.locator - provides a locator in the style of a URL for services and media, such as service:/SERV1

javax.tv.service - defines a mechanism for service information (SI) databases and APIs representing the SI elements, such as the TV channels and media available for playback.

Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.

Set-top boxes are used in cable television, satellite television, terrestrial television and Internet Protocol television systems, as well as other uses such as digital media players ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller dongles, and television sets with built-in TV tuners.
Nostalgia Night
The Nostalgia Night (Spanish: Noche de la Nostalgia) is an annual celebration that takes place in Uruguay every August 24, on the eve of the national holiday of Independence Day. On this night, numerous parties and events are held nationwide—especially in dance clubs—exclusively playing “oldies”. The celebration centers on music from the 1960s, 70s, 80s, and 90s, and pays tribute to the cultural heritage of those decades—now embraced as retro culture—not only through music but also by honoring television and broader cultural expressions of the era.

Originally started as a special event by a radio station, it has since become one of the most popular nightlife celebrations in Uruguay, attracting tourists from neighboring countries to join the festivities. This popularity led to its official recognition as a national celebration and its promotion by the Ministry of Tourism since 2004.

Retro style
Retro style is imitative or consciously derivative of lifestyles, trends, or art forms from the past, including in music, modes, fashions, or attitudes. It has been argued that there is a nostalgia cycle in popular culture.
Magway Mibaya
Thiri Mahar Thu Mingalar Sandar Dewi (Burmese: သီရိမဟာ သုမင်္ဂလာ စန္ဒာဒေဝီ; Pali: Sīrimahā sumaṅgalā candādevī), commonly known as Magway Mibaya (Burmese: မကွေးမိဖုရား), was a senior queen consort of King Mindon during the late Konbaung dynasty.

She was a daughter of King Tharrawaddy and his consort Kyapin Mibaya. She was a Princess of Taungtha during the reign of her father. Being a half-sister of King Mindon, she was promoted to a Nanzwe Mibaya and received the appanage of Magway when he ascended the throne.

King Mindon and Magway Mibaya gave birth to Mingin Supaya and Pyinzi Supaya.

She was not compatible with the Queen of the Central Palace Hsinbyumashin. After securing permission from King Mindon, to avoid the beset caused by Hsinbyumashin faction in the palace, she  relinquished her insignia of Mibaya to leave the palace and married an ordinary merchant.

Burmese royal titles
Burmese royal titles are the royal styles that were in use by the Burmese monarchy until the disintegration of the last Burmese monarchy, the Konbaung dynasty, in 1885. These titles were exclusively used by those of royal lineage (မင်းမျိုးမင်းနွယ်; ထီးရိုးနန်းရိုး; ဆွေတော်မျိုးတော်), or more formally, Maha Zi Maha Thwei (မဟာဆီမဟာသွေး).
Sarepta Therapeutics
Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc. is a medical research and drug development company with corporate offices and research facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1980 as AntiVirals, shortly before going public the company changed its name from AntiVirals to AVI BioPharma soon with stock symbol AVII and in July 2012 changed name from AVI BioPharma to Sarepta Therapeutics and SRPT respectively. As of 2023, the company has four approved drugs.

Drug development
Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug. The entire process—from concept through preclinical testing in the laboratory to clinical trial development, including Phase I–III trials—to approved vaccine or drug typically takes more than a decade.
Clan Fraser
Clan Fraser is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Lowlands. It is not to be confused with the Clan Fraser of Lovat who are a separate Scottish clan of the Scottish Highlands (though with a common ancestry). Both clans have their own separate chief, both of whom are officially recognized by the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs.

Cairnbulg Castle
Cairnbulg Castle is a z-plan castle situated in Cairnbulg, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It was described by W. Douglas Simpson as one of the nine castles of the Knuckle, referring to the rocky headland of north-east Aberdeenshire. It stands by the River Philorth and was originally known as Philorth Castle (or Philorth House). The 17th-century Philorth Castle, an L-plan house consisting of a sizeable crow-stepped block, was demolished after a fire in 1915.
Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape
The Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape is a historic site in Azerbaijan, comprising a large collection of petroglyphs that reflect the flora, fauna, hunting practices, social structures, and cultural expressions of human societies from prehistoric to medieval times. These engravings provide detailed depictions of anthropomorphic figures, such as lance-bearers and ritualistic dance scenes, as well as various animal species, bullfighting events, camel caravans, and celestial symbols such as the sun and other stars. Estimated to date back approximately 5,000 to 20,000 years, the rock art offers insight into the spiritual life and daily activities of early human populations in the region. It is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and forms part of the larger Gobustan State Historical and Cultural Reserve, which preserves archaeological, cultural, and natural landmarks.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Canthal scales
In snakes, the canthals are the scales along the upper surface of the canthus rostralis. They are located behind the level of the prenasal/postnasal suture and before the supraocular. They are also described as being located along the edge of the crown between the internasals and the supraoculars. If these are large scales that contact each other along the midline, they are more properly referred to as prefrontals.

Intercanthal scales are located between the canthal scales.

Supraocular scales
In scaled reptiles, supraocular scales are (enlarged) scales on the crown immediately above the eye. The size and shape of these scales are among the many characteristics used to differentiate species from each another.

In many species of boids and viperids, the supraoculars are heavily fragmented. In others, such as the colubrids and elapids, they are enlarged.
Bon-Joseph Dacier
Bon Joseph Dacier (Valognes, 1 April 1742 – Paris, 4 February 1833) was a French historian, philologist and translator of ancient Greek. He became a Chevalier de l'Empire (16 December 1813), then Baron de l'Empire (29 May 1830). He also served as curator of the Bibliothèque nationale.

Cyropaedia
The Cyropaedia, sometimes spelled Cyropedia, is a partly fictional biography of Cyrus the Great, the founder of Persia's Achaemenid Empire. It was written around 370 BC by Xenophon, the Athenian-born soldier, historian, and student of Socrates. The Latinized title Cyropaedia derives from the Greek Kúrou paideía (Κύρου παιδεία), meaning The Education of Cyrus. Aspects of it would become a model for medieval writers of the genre mirrors for princes. In turn, the Cyropaedia strongly influenced the most well-known but atypical of these, Machiavelli's The Prince, which fostered the rejection of medieval political thinking and development of modern politics.
Toonatics
Toonatics is a children's television program that was first broadcast on Children's BBC between the summers of 1997 and 1999. The show was created, directed and presented by Paul Burnham (as Thomas 'Tommy' Toon). The show broadcast cartoons, which included Tom and Jerry and Looney Tunes, and played games in between each cartoon.

BBC Children's and Education
BBC Children's and Education is the BBC division responsible for media content for children in the UK. Since the launch of specially dedicated television channels in 2002, the services have been marketed under two brands. CBBC (short for Children's BBC or initialed for Children's British Broadcasting Corporation) is aimed at children aged between 6 and 12, and CBeebies offers content for younger viewers.

Unlike CBeebies, the CBBC brand predates the launch of these channels all the way back to when it was just a children's block on the main channel BBC, when it was also the brand name used for all of the BBC's children's programmes. CBBC broadcasts from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm (previously 7:00 am to 9:00 pm from 16 April 2016 until 4 January 2022) and CBeebies broadcasts from 6:00 am to 7:00 pm, respectively timesharing with BBC Three for CBBC and BBC Four for CBeebies. The brands also have dedicated websites, social media channels, and over-the-top media services on BBC iPlayer.
2022 Big South Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2022 Big South Conference women's basketball tournament was the postseason women's basketball tournament for the Big South Conference for the 2021–22 season. It was held from March 1–6, 2022 with all tournament games played at the Bojangles Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina. This was the first time since the 2016 edition that the tournament has been held at a single neutral site location. The tournament winner receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. The defending champions are the High Point Panthers.

2016 Big South Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2016 Big South women's basketball tournament is a postseason women's basketball tournament for the Big South Conference that took place from March 10–13, 2015, at the Kimmel Arena in Asheville, North Carolina. All rounds after 1st were broadcast on ESPN3, 1st Round on Big South Network.
2007 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2007 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held in the National Indoor Arena (NIA) in Birmingham, England, from Friday, 2 March to Sunday, 4 March 2007. Birmingham also held the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships.

European Athletics Indoor Championships
The European Athletics Indoor Championships is a biennial indoor track and field competition for European athletes that is organised by the European Athletic Association. It was held for the first time in 1970, replacing the European Indoor Games, its predecessor event first held in 1966.

The championships was an annual event until 1990, when it was changed to its current biennial format. A gap of three years occurred after the 2002 edition to synchronize the event with the other major championships of international athletics. The event is hosted by a different European city each year.
Commander of the Tajik Ground Forces
The Commander of the Tajik Ground Forces (Tajik: Фармондеҳи Қӯшунҳои хушкигарди Тоҷикистон, romanized: Farmondehi Qūşunhoi xuşkigardi Toçikiston) is the administrative head in the Tajik Ground Forces, and is under the Chief of the General Staff and the Ministry of Defence. The current Commander of the Ground Forces is Lieutenant General Rahmonali Safaralizoda.

Tajikistani Ground Forces
The Tajik Ground Forces (Tajik: Нерӯҳои заминии Тоҷикистон, romanized: Nerŭhoi zaminii Tojikiston), known officially as the Ground Forces of the Ministry of Defense of Tajikistan are the land forces of the Armed Forces of Tajikistan. Formed during the Tajikistani Civil War, it makes up about 70 percent of the country's Armed Forces.
1988 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament
The 1988 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament was the 18th annual tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team champion of men's college lacrosse among its Division I programs, held at the end of the 1988 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse season.

Hosts Syracuse defeated Cornell in the final, 13–8, for the first of three straight NCAA titles for the Orangemen.

The championship game was played at the Carrier Dome at Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, with 20,148 fans in attendance.

NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament
The NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament is an annual tournament organized by the NCAA to determine the national champion of men's collegiate field lacrosse among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1971, except 2020.

From 1936 through 1970, the United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (USILA) awarded the Wingate Memorial Trophy annually to the collegiate champion based on regular season records.

Syracuse has been the most successful program since 1970 with 10 national titles, followed by Johns Hopkins with 9 national titles in the NCAA era.

Cornell is the reigning national champion, winning the school's fourth title in 2025.
Kraszyn
Kraszyn [ˈkraʂɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Zadzim, 13 km (8 mi) south of Poddębice, and 40 km (25 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zadzim
Zadzim [ˈzad͡ʑim] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Zadzim. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Poddębice and 43 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
Feynman slash notation
In the study of Dirac fields in quantum field theory, Richard Feynman introduced the convenient Feynman slash notation (less commonly known as the Dirac slash notation). If A is a covariant vector (i.e., a 1-form),

where γ are the gamma matrices.  Using the Einstein summation notation, the expression is simply

.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.