hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorsey's Search, Columbia, Maryland
Dorsey's Search is a parcel of land patented by John Dorsey of Hockley-in-the-hole (1645–1714) in Baltimore County (now Howard County). The 479-acre (194 ha) property adjacent to the north branch of the Patuxent river was surveyed by Richard Beard in December 1684, and granted to Dorsey in March 1696. The property lying between "Long Reach" and "Elk Ridge" was resurveyed in March 1723 to include 750 acres (300 ha). After several generations of inheritance, a series of legal disputes were held over the land by Rezin Hammond and Richard Ridgley in 1820. In 1827 the property exchanged hands to Robert Oliver, builder of Oakland Mill, who combined it with multiple properties totaling 2,300 acres (930 ha). George Gaither acquired the property in 1838. John Dorsey's grandson, "Patuxent" John Dorsey of "Dorsey's Search" built Dorsey Hall at the site.

The Rouse Company
The Rouse Company was a publicly traded shopping mall and community developer from 1954 until 2004, when General Growth Properties (GGP) purchased the company. It was founded by Hunter Moss and James Rouse in 1939.
HMS Thames (1885)
HMS Thames was a Mersey-class protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy (RN) in the 1880s. The ship was placed in reserve upon her completion in 1888 and was converted into a submarine depot ship in 1903. She was sold out of the navy in 1920 and was purchased by a South African businessman to serve as a training ship for naval cadets under the name SATS General Botha. The ship arrived in South Africa in 1921 and began training her first class of cadets in Simon's Town the following year. General Botha continued to train cadets for the first several years of World War II, but the RN took over the ship in 1942 for use as an accommodation ship under her original name. She was scuttled by gunfire in 1947 and is now a diveable wreck.

Simon's Town
Simon's Town (Afrikaans: Simonstad), sometimes spelled Simonstown, is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa and is home to Naval Base Simon's Town, the South African Navy's largest base. It is located on the shores of Simon's Bay in False Bay, on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula. For more than two centuries, it has been a naval base and harbour (first for the British Royal Navy and now the South African Navy). The town is named after Simon van der Stel, an early governor of the Cape Colony.
Bernardino Campilius
Bernardino Campilius was an Italian painter and follower of Lo Spagna at Spoleto. His name was written beneath a fresco of The Virgin adoring the Infant on the Piazza San Gregorio at Spoleto, and bears the date of 1502.

Spoleto
42°45′23″N 12°41′08″E﻿ / ﻿42.7564791°N 12.68547°E﻿ / 42.7564791; 12.68547
Spoleto (/spəˈleɪtoʊ/, also US: /spoʊˈleɪtoʊ, spoʊˈliːtoʊ/, UK: /spoʊˈlɛtoʊ/, Italian: [spoˈleːto]; Latin: Spoletium) is an ancient city in the Italian province of Perugia in east-central Umbria on a foothill of the Apennines. It is 20 km (12 mi) south of Trevi, 29 km (18 mi) north of Terni, 63 km (39 mi) southeast of Perugia; 212 km (132 mi) southeast of Florence; and 126 km (78 mi) north of Rome.
Virginia Company of London
The Virginia Company of London (sometimes called "London Company") was a division of the Virginia Company with responsibility for colonizing the east coast of North America between latitudes 34° and 41° N.

Thomas Smythe
Sir Thomas Smythe (or Smith, c. 1558 – 4 September 1625) was an English merchant, politician and colonial administrator. He was the first governor of the East India Company and treasurer of the Virginia Company from 1609 to 1620 until enveloped by scandal.
Tittia gens
The gens Tittia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Few members of this gens appear in history, but Marcus Tittius Frugi attained the consulship in AD 80.  A number of other Tittii are known from inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Tolidah
The Tolidah or Tulida (Samaritan Hebrew: תולידה, romanized: Tūlīdā, lit. 'Genealogy') is a Samaritan chronicle that is considered the oldest Samaritan historical work. Written mainly in Samaritan Hebrew, with sections in hybrid Samaritan Hebrew and Samaritan Aramaic, the book provides a concise summary of Samaritan history and the dynasty of Samaritan High Priests up to the Middle Ages.

The Tulida reached its final form in a manuscript copied by Jacob ben Harun in 1859 (1276 AH) with a parallel Arabic translation. Its full title is Ha-Tolida ʿasher mitʿakeh ben ha-Shemarim, which translates to "The Book of Genealogies that the Samaritans have transcribed". Owing to its first publisher, it is sometimes known as the Chronicle Neubauer.

Samaritan Aramaic
Samaritan Aramaic was the dialect of Aramaic used by the Samaritans in their sacred and scholarly literature. This should not be confused with Samaritan Hebrew, the language of the Samaritan Pentateuch. Samaritan Aramaic became extinct some time between the 10th and the 12th centuries, with Samaritans switching to Palestinian Arabic as their vernacular.

In form, Samaritan Aramaic resembles the Aramaic of the Targumim, and is written in the Samaritan alphabet. Important works written in it include the translation of the Samaritan Pentateuch, legal, exegetical and liturgical texts.
Otto Selz
Otto Selz (14 February 1881 – 27 August 1943) was a German psychologist, born in Munich, Bavaria. He formulated the first non-associationist theory of thinking, in 1913. Influenced by the German phenomenological tradition, Selz used the method of introspection, but unlike his predecessors, his theory developed without the use of images and associations. Wilhelm Wundt used the method of introspection in the 1880s, but thought that higher-level mental processes could not be studied in the scientific laboratory.

Adriaan de Groot
Adrianus Dingeman (Adriaan) de Groot (Santpoort, 26 October 1914 – Schiermonnikoog, 14 August 2006) was a Dutch chess master and psychologist, who conducted some of the most famous chess experiments of all time in the 1940s-60. In 1946 he wrote his thesis Het denken van den schaker, which in 1965 was translated into English and published as Thought and choice in chess.  De Groot played for the Netherlands in the Chess Olympiads of 1937 and 1939. In 1973 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Sturzkampfgeschwader 3
Sturzkampfgeschwader 3 (StG 3—Dive Bomber Wing 3) was a Dive bomber wing in the German Luftwaffe during World War II and operated the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka.

The wing was activated on 9 July 1940 using personnel from German medium bomber and other dive-bomber units. StG 3 was one of the few dive bomber units created during the war.

StG 3 fought its first campaign in the Battle of Britain a short time after formation. In 1941 it served in the Balkans Campaign and then some groups served on the Eastern Front, from 1943, until being disbanded.

The wing operated through most of the North African Campaign and some of its units fought to destruction there. StG 3 also served in the Battle of the Mediterranean and spearheaded the last German campaign-sized victory in the Dodecanese campaign in autumn 1943.

The wing redesignated to Schlachtgeschwader 3 (Battle Wing) on 18 October 1943.

Fliegerführer Afrika
Fliegerführer Afrika was part of Luftflotte 2 (Air Fleet 2), one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in the Second World War.  It operated in the Mediterranean and Libya from 1941–1942. The commanders were Generalmajor Stefan Fröhlich and Generalleutnant Otto Hoffmann von Waldau, who led the German air support to the German Afrika Korps campaign during the winter of 1941–1942.

The aircraft flown by these commanders were a He 111 P-4 (VG+ES), fully equipped (armed with 5 × MG 15 and 1 × MG 17, capacity to load 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) of bombs in belly and another 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) under the wings, also exterior fuel tanks).
Briggs Rd Sporting Complex
Briggs Road Sporting Complex is an Association football stadium located in the Ipswich, Queensland suburb of Flinders View.

The ground is home to Western Pride FC, which plays in the Australian second-tier National Premier Leagues Queensland competition.

The facility contains three rectangular fields and a training area.

Briggs Road Sporting Complex forms a larger sporting precinct with the neighbouring Ipswich Hockey Complex, which together have been used for sporting carnivals and regional trials.

Western Pride FC
Western Pride Football Club was a soccer club based in Ipswich, Queensland. The club is best known for winning the NPL Queensland Grand Final in 2017. Pride's Senior Men currently play in the Football Queensland Premier League, following relegation in 2018, while the juniors and Senior Women teams play in their respective NPL or FQPL Queensland competitions.

The club was founded in 2012 by a new entity called Football Ipswich, set up by local football clubs to represent the Greater Ipswich Region and surrounding Western Corridor.

Pride were inaugural members of the Men and Women's NPL Queensland competitions, the 2nd tier of Australian football.

In 2023 it was announced that Pride and Ipswich City FC would merge ahead of the 2024 season, with the new club being called Ipswich FC.
Military bands of the Bundeswehr
There are 15 military bands of the Bundeswehr, including those of the German Army, Air Force, Navy, and joint bands. Before 2009, the military musicians of the Bundeswehr constituted a joint specialist service, the Military Music Service (German: Militärmusikdienst), subordinate to the Armed Forces Office (German: Streitkräfteamt). In 2009, as part of a larger reorganisation of the Bundeswehr, the organization of the Military Music Service was replaced by the new Military Music Center of the Bundeswehr (German: Zentrum Militärmusik der Bundeswehr) in Bonn, and several bands were disbanded. The bands of the Bundeswehr provide music for official ceremonies such as the Großer Zapfenstreich and the swearing-in of new recruits. In addition to their traditional military music repertoire, they perform concert band and light music, as well as genres such as jazz, rock, and pop.

Armed Forces Office (Germany)
The Armed Forces Office or Joint Support Office (German: Streitkräfteamt, SKA) is an agency of the German armed forces, the Bundeswehr, responsible for administering various joint components of the Bundeswehr. It is based in Bonn, and since the restructuring of the Bundeswehr in 2013 has been directly subordinate to the Streitkräftebasis (Joint Support and Enabling Service). Its commander is a Generalmajor or Konteradmiral.
Carmenta bassiformis
Carmenta bassiformis, the eupatorium borer moth or ironweed clearwing moth, is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1856, and is found in the United States from Massachusetts to Florida, west to Wisconsin, Kansas and Texas.

The wingspan is 18–26 mm. Adults are on wing from late May to September.

The larvae feed on the roots of ironweed and Joe-Pye weed.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
Spanish chivalry
During the Middle Ages, Europe was the stage of a large number of wars, some of them shortlived, others iterative or long. European warfare during the Middle Ages was marked by a transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics, and in particular of the role of cavalry and artillery. In addition to military, tactical and technological innovations during this period, chivalric military and religious ideals arose, giving motivation for engagement in the ceaseless warfare. In the Iberian Peninsula (particularly in Spain or future Spanish territories), chivalric ideals and institutions would be adopted and exercised with more fervour than anywhere else.

James the Great
James the Great (Koine Greek: Ἰάκωβος, romanized: Iákōbos; Classical Syriac: ܝܥܩܘܒ, romanized: Yaʿqōḇ; died c. 44) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. According to the New Testament, he was the second of the apostles to die, after Judas Iscariot, and the first to be martyred. Saint James is the patron saint of Spain and, according to tradition, what are believed to be his remains are held in Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain.

He is also known as James, son of Zebedee, James, brother of John, Saint James the Great, Saint James the Greater, St. James Son of Thunder, St. James the Major, Saint James the Elder, or Saint Jacob, James the Apostle or Santiago.
Lost (Died Pretty album)
Lost is the second album by Australian rock band Died Pretty. It was released in 1988.

The album, produced by former Radio Birdman vocalist Rob Younger, became the second biggest-selling alternative album for 1988, behind Ed Kuepper's Everybody's Got To and ahead of The Church's Starfish. It yielded three singles, including "Winterland," the fourth best-selling alternative single for 1987.

The album's release was delayed for 18 months by protracted negotiations with Festival Records over a distribution deal. An expanded version, featuring the 1989 single "Everybody Moves," as well as B-sides and alternative versions, was released in 2013 by Sandman Records.

Everybody's Got To
Everybody's Got To is the third solo album by Australian guitarist and songwriter Ed Kuepper recorded in 1988 and released on the Hot label. The album was re-released in 2005 with four bonus tracks from Kuepper's Happy as Hell EP.
Norwegian County Road 414
Norwegian county road 414 (Fv414) is a Norwegian county road in Agder county, Norway.  The 12.1-kilometre (7.5 mi) long road runs between Ubergsmoen and Høl in Vegårshei municipality.  The south end of the road begins at a junction with Norwegian County Road 415 at the Ekra farm in Ubergsmoen and heads north along the Hauglandselva river, through the village of Myra where the junction with Norwegian County Road 416 is located, past the Vegårshei Church, all the way to the north end of the road at the Høl farm.  The road then turns into Norwegian County Road 91.

Norwegian county road
A Norwegian county road (Bokmål: fylkesvei or Nynorsk: fylkesveg) is a highway in Norway owned and maintained by the local county municipality.  Some of the roads have road signs.  The signs are white with black numbers.
Canada Olympic Park bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track
The Canada Olympic Park bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track was a bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track located in Calgary, Alberta. Part of Canada Olympic Park, it hosted the bobsleigh and luge competitions at the 1988 Winter Olympics. This track is one of only two of its type in the world to be featured in a non-documentary film when it was part of the 1993 American film Cool Runnings which loosely followed the Jamaican Bobsled Team during their competition in bobsleigh at the 1988 Games (the other was the 1981 British film For Your Eyes Only which included scenes from the bobsleigh track in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy). It was demolished in 2021.

IBSF World Championships (bobsleigh and skeleton)
The IBSF World Championships (known as the FIBT World Championships until 2015), part of the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation, have taken place on an annual basis since 1930. Starting with 2002, World Championships are not being held in Winter Olympic years. A two-man event was included in 1931 with a combined championship occurring in 1947. Men's skeleton was introduced as a championship of its own in 1982 while women's bobsleigh and skeleton events were introduced in 2000. Both the women's bobsleigh and skeleton events were merged with the men's bobsleigh events at the 2004 championships. A mixed team event, consisting of one run each of men's skeleton, women's skeleton, 2-man bobsleigh, and 2-women bobsleigh, was held from 2007 to 2019. In 2020 it was replaced with skeleton mixed team event, consisting of one run each of men's and women's skeleton. Women's monobob event was included in 2021.
Vosoritide
Vosoritide, sold under the brand name Voxzogo, is a medication used for the treatment of achondroplasia, a genetic condition that causes severely short stature and disproportionate growth.

Achondroplasia is caused by a genetic mutation that increases the activity of a certain growth regulation gene called fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). The overabundance of protein coded by the FGFR3 gene prevents normal bone growth. Vosoritide works by binding to a specific receptor called natriuretic peptide receptor B that reduces the growth regulation gene's activity, thus allowing for bone growth.

The most common side effects include injection site reactions (such as swelling, redness, itching, or pain), vomiting, and decreased blood pressure.

Vosoritide was approved for medical use in the European Union in August 2021, and in the United States in November 2021. The US Food and Drug Administration considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Proline
Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group -NH2 but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the protonated form (NH2+) under biological conditions, while the carboxyl group is in the deprotonated −COO− form. The "side chain" from the α carbon connects to the nitrogen forming a pyrrolidine loop, classifying it as a aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting with CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG).

Proline is the only proteinogenic amino acid which is a secondary amine, as the nitrogen atom is attached both to the α-carbon and to a chain of three carbons that together form a five-membered ring.
Cha Chi Ming
Cha Chi-ming GBM, JP (1914 – 28 March 2007), was a Hong Kong industrialist, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He was the Chairman of CDW International Limited, Mingly Corporation Limited, and Hong Kong Resort International Limited and also a member of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Preparatory Committee, a member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee, and a Hong Kong Affairs Adviser.

HKR International
HKR International Limited (Chinese: 香港興業國際集團有限公司, abbreviated as HKRI), formerly known as Hong Kong Resort International Limited, is a conglomerate headquartered in Hong Kong. The company was founded by Cha Chi-ming, a textile industrialist from Shanghai and one of the pioneers of Hong Kong's industrial boom in the 1950-70s.

The head office is in the Shun Tak Centre in Central.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1663
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1663, adopted unanimously on March 24, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, particularly 1627 (2005) and 1653 (2006), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) for six months until September 24, 2006.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1627
United Nations Security Council resolution 1627, adopted unanimously on 23 September 2005, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, particularly Resolution 1590 (2005), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) for six months until 24 March 2006.
Mauldslie Woods
Mauldslie Woods is an area of woodland close to the town of Carluke, South Lanarkshire. It is one of six woodlands which form the Clyde Valley Woodlands National Nature Reserve, the others being Cartland Craigs, Chatelherault, Cleghorn Glen, Falls of Clyde and Lower Nethan Gorges. It stands on the estate of Mauldslie Castle, whose most notable resident was John Wightman of Mauldslie, Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1721/23.

The woodland was cleared in the 1800s, but has since been replanted, including one section planted as orchard for apples, pears and plums. The site is managed by South Lanarkshire Council, with aim of restoring the native woodland. The aim is to use the site to demonstrate methods of woodland management that promote biodiversity alongside sustainable timber extraction.

Falls of Clyde (waterfalls)
The Falls of Clyde are a series of linns or waterfalls on the River Clyde, near Lanark, Scotland. They are renowned for their beauty and have frequently been painted by artists. There are four in total: Bonnington Linn, Corra Linn, and Dundaff Linn, all above Lanark, and Stonebyres Linn, some distance below the town. The highest and most impressive of the four is Corra Linn, with a fall of 84 feet (26 m).
Otkhta
Otkhta (Georgian: ოთხთა, Turkish: Dörtkilise) is a 10th-century Georgian monastery which was built in 961–965 by Davit Kurapalat and renewed in 978–1001. Georgian monastery and cathedral church  located in Dörtkilise, the town of Yusufeli, Artvin Province, Turkey.

Otkhta is one of the large cathedrals in Tao-Klarjeti, with Oshki, Ishkhani and khakhuli, and one version that is why it is called Otkhta, which means in English "from fourth".

Khakhuli Monastery
Khakhuli Monastery (Georgian: ხახულის მონასტერი [χäχulis̪ mo̞n̪äs̪tʼe̞ɾi], Turkish: Haho/Bağbaşi) was a Georgian Orthodox monastery in historical Medieval Georgian Kingdom of Tao (modern-day Turkey), in one of the gorges of the Tortum river. The main church is now used as a mosque.

Khakhuli was a very important centre of literature and Georgian culture and many Georgian scholars and theologians studied and worked in Khakhuli including Basil of Khakhuli, Ioane Khakhuleli, Davit Tbileli, and Giorgi Mtatsmindeli.
Letícia Hage
Leticia Magnani Hage (born (1990-09-09)9 September 1990) is a Brazilian female volleyball player. She was part of the Brazil women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 2013 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
On club level she played for São Caetano E.C. in 2013.

Praia Clube
Praia Clube (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾajɐ ˈklubi]) is a social and sports club from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. It is best known for its professional volleyball teams which play in the Brazilian Women's and Men's Superleague.
Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital
Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital (abbreviated as DMCH) is a government medical college having multiple healthcare facilities and is located in Darbhanga, Bihar. It was established in the year 1925. It is ranked 3rd in Bihar and 94th in India by IIRF 2023 ranking. College is currently affiliated with Bihar University of Health Sciences.

Bihar University of Health Sciences
Bihar University of Health Sciences (abbreviated as BUHS) is a Public medical university in Patna established on 1 July 2022 by the Government of Bihar through the enactment of The Bihar University of Health Sciences Act 2021 (Bihar Act No. 19 of 2021)  to affiliate all the existing health science colleges and institutions, set up by the Government and/or Trust or Society, which were earlier affiliated to the conventional universities in Bihar with a purpose of ensuring proper, systematic and uniform instruction, teaching, training and research in modern and Indians systems of medicine.