hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Association of Cardiothoracic Surgical Assistants
The Association of Cardiothoracic Surgical Assistants (ACSA) is a professional body in the United Kingdom that ACSA represents a body of non-medical practitioners working in cardiothoracic surgery, performing a range of skilled interventions. It was formed in 1997.

The ACSA supports its members by providing educational meetings, discussion forums and professional advice. Members also can receive indemnity cover at a reduced cost from the Medical Protection Society and receive a newsletter, have access to a members' forum and to archived educational material. ACSA represents its members in the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgery and has helped to develop the National Curriculum framework for surgical care practitioners.

Cardiothoracic surgery
Cardiothoracic (CT) surgery is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thoracic cavity — generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease), lungs (lung disease), and other pleural or mediastinal structures.

In most countries, cardiothoracic surgery is further subspecialized into cardiac surgery (involving the heart and the great vessels) and thoracic surgery (involving the lungs, esophagus, thymus, etc.); the exceptions are the United States, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, India and some European Union countries such as Portugal.
Shulamith
Shulamis (Hebrew: שולמית) or Shulamit is the feminine form of the Hebrew name Solomon (in Hebrew, "Shlomo", Hebrew: שְלמה), related to the word "shalom" (Hebrew: שָׁלוֹם), or "peace". "Shula" is a shortened form. The name Salome is also a related form.

Shalom
Shalom (Hebrew: שָׁלוֹם šālōm) is a Hebrew word meaning peace and can be used idiomatically to mean hello and goodbye.

As it does in English, it can refer to either peace between two entities (especially between a person and God or between two countries), or to the well-being, welfare or safety of an individual or a group of individuals. The word shalom is also found in many other expressions and names. Its equivalent cognate in Arabic is salaam, sliem in Maltese, Shlama in Neo-Aramaic dialects, and sälam in Ethiopian Semitic languages from the Proto-Semitic root Š-L-M.
Microcontinuity
In nonstandard analysis, a discipline within classical mathematics, microcontinuity (or S-continuity) of an internal function f at a point a is defined as follows:

for all x infinitely close to a, the value f(x) is infinitely close to f(a).

Here x runs through the domain of f.  In formulas, this can be expressed as follows:

if  then .

For a function f defined on , the definition can be expressed in terms of the halo as follows: f is microcontinuous at  if and only if , where the natural extension of f to the hyperreals is still denoted f.  Alternatively, the property of microcontinuity at c can be expressed by stating that the composition  is constant on the halo of c, where "st" is the standard part function.

Monad (nonstandard analysis)
In nonstandard analysis, a monad or also a halo is the set of points infinitesimally close to a given point.

Given a hyperreal number x in R∗, the monad of x is the set

If x is finite (limited), the unique real number in the monad of x is called the standard part of x.
Frequency (TV series)
Frequency is an American mystery science fiction drama television series that aired on the CW from October 5, 2016, to January 25, 2017. Inspired by the 2000 film Frequency, the television series was developed by Jeremy Carver. The series was canceled on May 8, 2017; five days later, an epilogue to the series was released.

Frequency (2000 film)
Frequency is a 2000 American science fiction thriller film starring Dennis Quaid, Jim Caviezel, Andre Braugher, Elizabeth Mitchell, Shawn Doyle, Melissa Errico, and Noah Emmerich.

Directed by Gregory Hoblit and written by Toby Emmerich, it was distributed by New Line Cinema. It also features Michael Cera in his feature film debut.

The film received generally positive reviews and grossed $68.1 million worldwide, against a budget of $31 million.
Izumigoshi Tunnel
Izumigoshi  Tunnel (泉越トンネル, Izumigoshi  tonneru) is a tunnel on Tokaido Shinkansen operated by Central Japan Railway Company located between Atami Station and Odawara Station with total length of 3.193 km. It was built and completed in 1963.

Odawara Station
Odawara Station (小田原駅, Odawara-eki) is a junction and interchange railway station located in the city of Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan, operated jointly by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and Central Japan Railway Company (JR Tōkai). It is a gateway station to the Hakone area. It is also a freight depot for the Japan Freight Railway Company.
Blaubach
Blaubach (German pronunciation: [ˈblaʊbax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel. Blaubach is also a state-recognized tourist community.

Palatine Zweibrücken
The Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (German: Herzogtum Pfalz-Zweibrücken; French: Duché de Palatinat-Deux-Ponts or Comté palatin de Deux-Ponts) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire with full voting rights to the Reichstag. Its capital was Zweibrücken. The reigning house, a branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was also the Royal House of Sweden from 1654 to 1720.
Gopal Pacherwal
Gopal Pacherwal (born 8 July 1948) is an Indian politician and a member of the 9th Lok Sabha. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Tonk in Rajasthan in the 1989 Indian general election as a member of the Janata Dal, defeating senior Indian National Congress leader Banwari Lal Bairwa. He was elected to the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Patan constituency in Rajasthan in the 1977 and 1980 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal.

9th Lok Sabha
The 9th Lok Sabha (2 December 1989 – 13 March 1991) was elected during elections in 22–26 November 1989. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. Twelve sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 9th Lok Sabha after the 1989 Indian general election.

Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the Prime Minister from 2 December 1989 to 10 November 1990 with the help of the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Left Parties. INC loses 207 seats as compared to previous 8th Lok Sabha after the 1984 Indian general election

Later Chandra Shekhar became Prime Minister from 10 November 1990 to 21 June 1991 with outside support from Indian National Congress under Rajiv Gandhi.

The next 10th Lok Sabha was formed on 20 June 1991 after the 1991 Indian general election.
Shumen Plateau Nature Park
The Shumen Plateau Nature Park (Bulgarian: Природен парк Шуменско плато) is located in the Shumen Plateau of the northern province of Shumen of Bulgaria, the highest plateau of the Danubian Plain. The Park encloses the Bukaka Reserve Forest, which is known for indigenous Fagus sylvatica (common beech) moesiaca (the Balkan beech) forest. This Park was declared a National Park in 1980 and a Nature Park in 2003 to conserve its ecosystems and floral and faunal biodiversity, and to preserve its tableland landscape together with many tourist sites such as the Shumen fortress, the Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, cave monasteries, and surface and underground karst caves. The park has the first thematic educational trail in the Karst Nature Park, constructed as part of a project titled "Natural Park of Shumen Plateau" with funds provided by the EU Cohesion Fund and the Republic of Bulgaria; the trail is integral to the Operational Program "Environment 2007–2013".

Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, Shumen
The Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Паметник 1300 години България), also known as the Founders of the Bulgarian State Monument (Паметник на създателите на Българската държава), is a large monument built on a plateau above the city of Shumen, Bulgaria.  It was built in 1981 to commemorate the 1300th anniversary of the First Bulgarian Empire.

The monument is built in concrete in a Cubist style, and was designed by Bulgarian sculptors Krum Damyanov and Ivan Slavov. It is reached by a processional concrete stairway from Shumen, or by road.  It stands at a height of 450 m above sea level and can be seen from 30 km away.

The monument was featured on the cover of Daniel Caesar's 2017 debut album Freudian.
2,2'-Biquinoline
2,2′-Biquinoline is an organic compound with the formula (C9H6N)2.  It is one of several biquinolines.  It is prepared by reductive coupling of 2-chloroquinoline.  It is a colorimetric indicator for organolithium compounds.

Quinoline
Quinoline is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C9H7N.  It is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a strong odor. Aged samples, especially if exposed to light, become yellow and later brown.  Quinoline is only slightly soluble in cold water but dissolves readily in hot water and most organic solvents. Quinoline itself has few applications, but many of its  derivatives are useful in diverse applications. A prominent example is quinine, an alkaloid found in plants. Over 200 biologically active quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids are identified. 4-Hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines (HAQs) are involved in antibiotic resistance.
Jindřichův Hradec
Jindřichův Hradec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪndr̝ɪxuːf ˈɦradɛts] ⓘ; German: Neuhaus) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 21,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
6-inch siege gun M1877
The 6-inch siege gun model 1877 (Russian: 6-дюймовая осадная пушка образца 1877 года) was a Russian 152.4 mm (6 in) fortress gun, siege gun and coastal defense gun.  It was used in the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and the Russian Civil War.  The successor states of the Russian Empire also inherited a number of M1877 guns.

Gun carriage
A gun carriage is a frame or a mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece, allowing it to be maneuvered and fired. These platforms often had wheels so that the artillery pieces could be moved more easily. Gun carriages are also used on ships to facilitate the movement and aiming of large cannons and guns. These are also used in the funeral procession of any higher authority of any state and country.
Minnie Hauk (horse)
Minnie Hauk (foaled 13 April 2022) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. As a two-year-old in 2024 she finished second on her debut before winning a maiden race at Leopardstown in October. She improved in the following year to take the Cheshire Oaks before winning the Epsom Oaks on her fourth career start.

Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe (French pronunciation: [pʁi də laʁk də tʁijɔ̃f]) is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris over a distance of 2,400 metres (1 mile 4 furlongs). The race is scheduled to take place each year in the autumn, usually on the first Sunday in October.

With prize money of €5 million, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, often referred to as the Arc, is Europe's richest flat race. The prize money and prestige of the race attract entries and spectators from across the world. Since 2008 the race has been sponsored by Qatar.
Massacre of Schletz
In the Massacre of Schletz, more than 200 Neolithic people were killed by blunt force around 5000 BC, towards the end of the Linear Pottery culture epoch, before being carelessly dumped in a mass grave on the site of the present-day village of Schletz (in the municipality of Asparn an der Zaya in Lower Austria).

Mass grave
A mass grave is a grave containing multiple human corpses, which may or may not be identified prior to burial.  Mass graves are usually created after many people die or are killed, and there is a desire to bury the corpses quickly for sanitation concerns. Although mass graves can be used during major conflicts such as war and crime, they may also be used after a famine, epidemic, or natural disaster. In disasters, mass graves are used temporarily for infection and disease control. In such cases, there is often a breakdown of the social infrastructure that would enable proper identification and the individual disposal of each body.

The United Nations has defined a criminal mass grave as a burial site containing three or more victims of execution, although an exact definition is not unanimously agreed upon.
RubyForge
RubyForge was a collaborative software development management system dedicated to projects related to the Ruby programming language. It was started in 2003 by Ruby Central in an effort to help the Ruby community by providing a home for open source Ruby projects.

In February 2014 it hosted 9,603 projects and had 103,899 registered users.

Forge (software)
In free and open-source software (FOSS) development communities, a forge is a web-based collaborative software platform for both developing and sharing computer applications.

For software developers it is an online service to host the tools they need to work and communicate with their coworkers. It provides a workflow to propose modifications and engage in discussions. The goal is to reach an agreement that will allow these modifications to be merged into the software repository.

The source code itself is stored in a revision control system and linked to a wide range of services such as a code review, bug database, continuous integration, etc. When a development community forks, it duplicates the content of the forge and is then able to modify it without asking permission. A community may rely on services scattered on multiple forges: they are not necessarily hosted under the same domain.
Aerophilately
Aerophilately is the branch of philately that specializes in the study of airmail. Philatelists have observed the development of mail transport by air from its beginning, and all aspects of airmail service have been extensively studied and documented by specialists.

Zeppelin mail
Zeppelin mail was mail carried on zeppelins, the German airships that saw civilian use from 1908 to 1939. Almost every zeppelin flight carried mail, sometimes in large quantities; the covers usually received special postmarks, and a number of nations issued postage stamps specifically intended for use on mail carried by the zeppelins.
Nancy Holt
Nancy Holt (April 5, 1938 – February 8, 2014) was an American artist most known for her public sculpture, installation art, concrete poetry, and land art. Throughout her career, Holt also produced works in other media, including film and photography. Since 2018, her legacy has been cared for by Holt/Smithson Foundation.

Virginia Dwan
Virginia Dwan (October 18, 1931 – September 5, 2022) was an American art collector, art patron, philanthropist, and founder of the Dwan Light Sanctuary in Montezuma, New Mexico. She was the owner and executive director of Dwan Gallery, Los Angeles (1959–1967) and Dwan Gallery New York (1965–1971), a contemporary art gallery closely identified with the American movements of minimalism, conceptualism, and land art.
Dutch Broadway
Dutch Broadway is a major, 2.38-mile (3.83 km) road located within western Nassau County, in New York, United States.

Colloquially known as DBW, the road runs from the Queens–Nassau border in Elmont and North Valley Stream at its western end, to Franklin Square at its eastern end. It is owned by Nassau County and maintained by the Nassau County Department of Public Works, and is designated as County Route C62 for its entire length.

The portion of the road between Elmont Road and the New York City line is historically known as Dutch Broadway Extension.

On the Queens side of the New York City line, Dutch Broadway becomes 115th Avenue, and continues west to Springfield Boulevard; 115th Avenue is owned and maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation.

Franklin Square, New York
Franklin Square is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 30,903 at the time of the 2020 census.

The area was originally known as Trimming Square and then as Washington Square after President George Washington.
NER Class T3
The North Eastern Railway Class T3, classified as Class Q7 by the LNER, is a class of 0-8-0 steam locomotive designed for heavy freight.  Five were built by the NER in 1919 and a further 10 by the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) in 1924.

0-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and no trailing wheels. Locomotives of this type are also referred to as eight coupled.
Nordfriesland – Dithmarschen Nord
Nordfriesland – Dithmarschen Nord (English: North Frisia – Dithmarschen North) is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 2. It is located in northwestern Schleswig-Holstein, comprising the Nordfriesland district and the northern part of the Dithmarschen district.

Nordfriesland – Dithmarschen Nord was created for the 1965 federal election. Since 2025, it has been represented by Leif Bodin of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Before then it was held by Astrid Damerow also from the CDU.

Nordfriesland (district)
Nordfriesland (German pronunciation: [nɔʁtˈfʁiːslant] ⓘ; Danish: Nordfrisland; North Frisian: Nordfraschlönj [nɔʀdˈfʀaʃlœɲ] Low German: Noordfreesland), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception of the island of Heligoland), as well as adjacent parts of the Schleswig Geest to the east and Stapelholm to the south, and is bounded (from the east and clockwise) by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland.  The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.

As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany.
Governorship of Charlie Baker
Charlie Baker, a member of the Republican Party served as the 72nd governor of Massachusetts from January 8, 2015 until January 5, 2023. Baker was considered a liberal or moderate Republican. During his governorship, Baker regularly had one of the highest approval ratings among incumbent U.S. governors.

Massachusetts Department of Transportation
The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) oversees roads, public transit, aeronautics, and transportation licensing and registration in the US state of Massachusetts.  It was created on November 1, 2009, by the 186th Session of the Massachusetts General Court upon enactment of the 2009 Transportation Reform Act.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Occupational and Environmental Medicine is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal which covers research in occupational and environmental medicine. It is published by the BMJ Group and is the official journal of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine of the Royal College of Physicians of London.

The journal was established in 1944 under founding editor-in-chief Donald Hunter as the British Journal of Industrial Medicine and obtained its present title in 1994.

BMJ (company)
BMJ Group is a British publisher of medical journals, and healthcare knowledge provider of clinical decision tools, online educational resources, and events. Established in 1840, the company is owned by the British Medical Association.
Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Katra railway station
Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Katra railway station (station code: SVDK) is a railway station on the Jammu Udhampur Srinagar Baramulla Railway Link in Reasi district in the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It mainly serves the town of Katra where the major Hindu Shri Mata Vaishno Devi temple is situated. The temple is visited by millions of travellers per month via this station and its frequent special trains connectivity from all over India. The station belongs to the newly created Jammu division of Northern Railway zone in Jammu and Kashmir.

Banihal railway station
Banihal railway station (station code: BAHL), a part of Jammu–Baramulla line, is situated in notified area of Banihal in Ramban district, of JammuJammu and Kashmir. It was commissioned on 26 June 2013 and passenger trains run from Banihal to Qazigund. The station was inaugurated by former prime minister Manmohan Singh and UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi on the same day at 2.22 pm. They enjoyed the 12-minute ride in train through Pir Panjal tunnel up to Qazigund with 100 students, mostly girls, of the Banihal Higher Secondary School, and made the 17.8-km ride back to Banihal, passing through the tunnel again, the second longest in Asia.
Mads Berven
Mads Falck Berven (born 23 May 1977 in Bergen, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz musician (guitar) and law graduate from University of Bergen, known from a series of albums and cooperations with the like of Øystein Moen, Eirik Hegdal, Magne Thormodsæter, Ole Marius Sandberg, Kåre Opheim, Gard Nilssen, Per Jørgensen, Olav Dale and Helén Eriksen.

Eirik Hegdal
Eirik Hegdal (born 3 October 1973 in Gjøvik, Norway) is a Norwegian Jazz musician (saxophone), composer, arranger and music teacher, known from the band Dingobats (1995-2005) and as leader of Trondheim Jazz Orchestra (from 2002).
Teia (moth)
Teia is a genus of tussock moths in the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1855.

Some authors have treated this name as a synonym of Orgyia Ochsenheimer, 1810(e.g.), but molecular analyses suggest that it is a distinct lineage.

Lymantriinae
The Lymantriinae (formerly called the Lymantriidae) are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893.

Many of its component species are referred to as "tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections. Many tussock moth caterpillars have urticating hairs (often hidden among longer, softer hairs), which can cause painful reactions if they come into contact with skin.

The subfamily Lymantriinae includes about 350 known genera and over 2,500 known species found in every continent except Antarctica. They are particularly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and South America. One estimate lists 258 species in Madagascar alone. Apart from oceanic islands, notable places that do not host lymantriines include the Antilles and New Caledonia.