hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elementary theory
In mathematical logic, an elementary theory is a theory that involves axioms using only finitary first-order logic, without reference to set theory or using any axioms that have consistency strength equal to set theory.

Saying that a theory is elementary is a weaker condition than saying it is algebraic.

Finitary
In mathematics and logic, an operation is finitary if it has finite arity, i.e. if it has a finite number of input values.  Similarly, an infinitary operation is one with an infinite number of input values.

In standard mathematics, an operation is finitary by definition. Therefore, these terms are usually only used in the context of infinitary logic.
Ripple Suicide Prevention
Ripple Suicide Prevention is a suicide prevention charity based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 2021 by Alice Hendy MBE, the organisation develops a browser extension and Wi-Fi tool to intercept harmful online searches related to self-harm and suicide. Founded as R;pple Suicide Prevention, the charity later changed its name to Ripple Suicide Prevention.

Browser extension
A browser extension is a software module for customizing a web browser. Browsers typically allow users to install a variety of extensions, including user interface modifications, cookie management, ad blocking, and the custom scripting and styling of web pages.

Browser plug-ins are a different type of module and no longer supported by the major browsers. One difference is that extensions are distributed as source code, while plug-ins are executables (i.e. object code). The most popular browser, Google Chrome, has over 200,000 extensions available but stopped supporting plug-ins in 2020.
Eucratoscelus
Eucratoscelus is a genus of East African tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1898. As of March 2020 it contains two species, found in Tanzania and Kenya: E. constrictus and E. pachypus.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Washington Navy Yard shooting
The Washington Navy Yard shooting occurred on September 16, 2013, when 34-year-old Aaron Alexis fatally shot 12 people and injured three others in a mass shooting at the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA), inside the Washington Navy Yard, in southeast Washington, D.C. The attack took place in the Navy Yard's Building 197; it began around 8:16 a.m. EDT and ended when police killed Alexis around 9:25 a.m. It is the deadliest mass shooting in Washington, D.C. history, as well as the second deadliest mass murder on a U.S. military base, behind the 2009 Fort Hood shooting.

Residence Inn by Marriott
Residence Inn by Marriott is a brand of extended stay hotels.  As of June 1, 2021, there were 874 Residence Inn hotels in the United States, Canada and Mexico with 107,680 rooms, plus an additional 243 hotels with 30,417 rooms in the development pipeline.
Ransom (Cleary novel)
Ransom was a 1973 novel by Australian author Jon Cleary, the third to feature his detective hero Scobie Malone. Cleary also wrote The Sundowners and The High Commissioner. The novel was published by Fontana Press on November 3, 1975.

William Collins, Sons
William Collins, Sons & Co., often referred to as Collins, was a Scottish printing and publishing company founded by a Presbyterian schoolmaster, William Collins, in Glasgow in 1819, in partnership with Charles Chalmers, the younger brother of Thomas Chalmers, the minister of Tron Church in Glasgow.

Collins merged with Harper & Row in 1990, forming a new publisher named HarperCollins.
Res Philosophica
Res Philosophica  (formerly The Modern Schoolman) is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering all major areas of philosophy from antiquity to the present. Established in 1925, it is one of the oldest philosophy publications in North America. The journal publishes both articles and reviews, and occasionally publishes special issues on specific topics. Contributors include Robert Audi, Lynne Rudder Baker, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Étienne Gilson, Jürgen Habermas, Norman Kretzmann, Bernard Lonergan, Jacques Maritain, Wildrid Parsons, Kristin Shrader-Frechette, Paul Draper, and Nicholas Wolterstorff.  The journal is published by the philosophy department at Saint Louis University, in cooperation with the Philosophy Documentation Center.

In 2013, beginning with volume 90, The Modern Schoolman was relaunched as Res Philosophica.

Philosophy Documentation Center
The Philosophy Documentation Center (PDC) is a non-profit publisher and resource center that provides access to scholarly materials in applied ethics, classics, philosophy, religious studies, and related disciplines. It publishes academic journals, conference proceedings, anthologies, and online research databases, often in cooperation with scholarly and professional associations. It also provides membership management and electronic publishing services, and hosts electronic journals, series, and other publications from several countries.
The Wilberforce Society
The Wilberforce Society (TWS) is an independent, non-partisan, student think tank, named after MP, Cambridge alumnus and abolitionist William Wilberforce, based at the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 2009 and is a registered charity. TWS aims to "promote constructive and intelligent debate" around the University of Cambridge, and "represents the views of moderate students," offering undergraduates and graduates "the opportunity to become involved with policy conception and analysis with the possibility of genuine impact." TWS follows an independent, diverse and non-partisan policy agenda set by the executive committee, but also carries out commissions for external organisations and public figures, which have included members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

Its work has included a major report on Brexit, which was commissioned by  Daniel Zeichner MP and presented in-person at the European Parliament.

Martin Rees
Martin John Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow, (born 23 June 1942) is a British cosmologist and astrophysicist. He was the fifteenth Astronomer Royal from 1995 to 2025, Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, from 2004 to 2012, and President of the Royal Society from 2005 to 2010. He has received various physics awards including the Wolf Prize in Physics in 2024 for fundamental contributions to high-energy astrophysics, galaxies and structure formation, and cosmology.
Itagaki Nobukata
Itagaki Nobukata (板垣 信方; 1489 – March 23, 1548) was a retainer of the Takeda family. He was known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen". 
His name is also seen with different kanji as 信形. 
Nobukata served under both Takeda Nobutora and Takeda Shingen and also was tasked with young Shingen.

Takeda Nobutora
Takeda Nobutora (武田 信虎; February 11, 1494 – March 27, 1574) was a Japanese daimyō (feudal lord) who controlled the Province of Kai, and fought in a number of battles of the Sengoku period. He was the father and predecessor of the famous Takeda Shingen.
Queenie (name)
The name Queenie is an affectionate, or pet use, of the term "queen", and is thought to be derived from the word "quean", meaning 'woman' rather than a reference to the monarch or his wife.

As a first name it can also mean "Royal Lady" or "Ruler". In this sense the name is also used as a nickname or pet name for a girl who shares her first name with a Queen. As such, it was popular name during the Victorian era in the British Empire. It was once very popular in London's East End.

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Camp station
Camp station was located on Willow Street in Yarmouth, Massachusetts, on Cape Cod. It was used during the summer months as a stop for the adjacent Yarmouth Camp Ground. The wooden board-and-batten station was built in 1863. To accommodate high ridership, the platform was extended by 240 feet (73 m) in 1866. The disused station building was sold in 1925 and reused as a cottage in Dennisport.

Yarmouth Camp Ground Historic District
The Yarmouth Camp Ground Historic District is a historic district encompassing a religious summer camp meeting ground in Yarmouth and Barnstable, Massachusetts.  The core of the camp ground was purchased in 1863 by the Sandwich District Camp Meeting Association, a Methodist Episcopal organization, and was operated until 1939.  The area contains a well-preserved collection of predominantly residential buildings built during this period; it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
Storyboard
A storyboard is a graphic organizer that consists of simple illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of pre-visualizing a motion picture, animation, motion graphic or interactive media sequence. The storyboarding process, in the form it is known today, was developed at Walt Disney Productions during the early 1930s, after several years of similar processes being in use at Walt Disney and other animation studios.

Motion graphics
Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage that create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually displayed via electronic media technology, but may also be displayed via manual powered technology (e.g. thaumatrope, phenakistoscope, stroboscope, zoetrope, praxinoscope, flip book). The term distinguishes static graphics from those with a transforming appearance over time, without over-specifying the form. While any form of experimental or abstract animation can be called motion graphics, the term typically more explicitly refers to the commercial application of animation and effects to video, film, TV, and interactive applications.
Wideband Global SATCOM
The Wideband Global SATCOM system (WGS) is a high capacity United States Space Force satellite communications system planned for use in partnership by the United States Department of Defense (DoD), Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) and the Australian Department of Defence. The system is composed of the Space Segment satellites, the Terminal Segment users and the Control Segment operators.

DoD wideband satellite communication services are currently provided by a combination of the existing Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) and Global Broadcast Service (GBS) satellites. According to United Launch Alliance, quoted on Spaceflight Now, "A single WGS spacecraft has as much bandwidth as the entire existing DSCS constellation." WGS operations are currently run by the 4th Space Operations Squadron, out of Schriever Space Force Base, as well as the 53rd Space Operations Squadron.

Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 37
Space Launch Complex 37 (SLC-37), previously Launch Complex 37 (LC-37), is a launch complex on Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida. Originally built to support the Apollo program, the complex consists of two launch pads: LC-37A and SLC-37B. Pad 37A has never been used, while 37B hosted Saturn I and Saturn IB launches in the 1960s as well as Delta IV and Delta IV Heavy launches from 2002 to 2024.

As of January 2026, the pad is being overhauled by SpaceX for use as a launch site for Starship.
Atyap Community Development Association
The Atyap Community Development Association (ACDA), is a sociocultural organisation established to promote the interests of the Atyap people of Southern Kaduna, Nigeria. The organization, earlier known as the "Kataf Youth Development Association" (KYDA) was established in 1989, but later renamed in 2010 to its present name.

Governor of Kaduna State
The governor of Kaduna State is the head of government of Kaduna State in Nigeria. The governor is the head of the executive branch of the Kaduna State Government. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Kaduna State House of Assembly, to convene the legislature and grant pardons.

When Kaduna State was created as the North-Central State from the Northern Region in 1967, Brigadier Abba Kyari was appointed its first governor. Kyari served the longest term of 8 years and 63 days as governor. Two governors Ahmed Makarfi (1999–2007) and Nasir El-Rufai (2015–2023) served two full consecutive four-year terms as governor.

Since the creation of the state in 1967, 21 people have served as governor, 11 military governors and 10 civilian governors.

The current governor is Uba Sani, he was sworn in on 29 May 2023.
NGC 3971
NGC 3971 is a lenticular galaxy located 315 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on February 3, 1788, by astronomer William Herschel. It was then rediscovered by his son John Herschel on April 10, 1831 and given the duplicate designation NGC 3984. NGC 3971 forms a pair with the galaxy UGC 6905 known as [T2015] nest 103168, and is part of the Coma Supercluster.

NGC 3971 is a LINER galaxy, and is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 9.6 × 108 M☉.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Pura Island
Pura is an island in the Alor archipelago, located on the eastern tip of the Lesser Sunda Islands. The island is the largest island in the Alor Strait, which separates the two larger islands of Pantar and Alor. It has an area of 27.83 km2, with a hilly terrain along the northern coast of the island.

Administratively, the island consists of the entirety of the Pura Island District (Kecamatan Pulau Pura), which in turn is further subdivided into 6 villages. Economically, the island remains dependent on agriculture and fishery which takes up 87% of the local workforce. Coconuts and cashew nuts take up the largest amount of cropland, while corn and cassava are the primary food crops, with some rice being cultivated as well. Of the 19 km of roads in the island, 18 are categorized as "heavily damaged" dirt roads.

The island can be reached by motorboats from Alor, with the trip taking about 50 minutes. The highest point of the island, at 1,015 m, is the rim of a volcano cone.

Pantar
Pantar (Indonesian: Pulau Pantar; Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌpulau̯ ˈpan̪t̪ar]) is the second largest island in the Indonesian Alor Archipelago, after Alor. To the east is the island of Alor and other small islands in the archipelago; to the west is the Alor Strait, which separates it from the Solor Archipelago. To the south is the Ombai Strait, and 72 kilometres (45 mi) away, the island of Timor. To the north is the Banda Sea. Pantar is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north-to-south, and varies from 11 to 29 kilometres (6.8 to 18.0 mi) in east–west width. It has an area of 776.12 square kilometres (299.66 sq mi). The main towns on the island are Baranusa and Kabir. Administratively, the island is part of the Alor Regency.
Islamism in the United Kingdom
Islamism, also known as political Islam, the use of Islam as a source of political identity and action, has existed in the United Kingdom since the 1970s, and has become widely visible and a topic of political discourse since the beginning of the 21st century.

Islam in the United Kingdom has grown rapidly due to immigration since the 1980s. According to the 2021 Census, Muslims make up approximately 6.5% of the population in England and Wales, totaling around 3.9 million people. This reflects an increase from the 2011 Census, which recorded Muslims at 4.9% (2.7 million) (although it is important to remember that the census only measures religious belonging, not political ideology).

Islamic Forum of Europe
The Islamic Forum of Europe (IFE) is an Islamic organisation based in the United Kingdom with affiliates in Europe. Its charitable arm is the Islamic Forum Trust.

Its youth wing is named the Young Muslim Organisation (YMO), and its women's wing is Muslimaat UK. Its London and Sunderland branches are affiliated to the Muslim Council of Britain.
Redmond West, Western Australia
Redmond West is a rural locality of the City of Albany in the Great Southern region of Western Australia. The north-western corner of the locality is taken up by the south-eastern section of the Mount Lindesay National Park and the Blue Gum Creek Nature Reserve is also located within Redmond West. The Hay River passes through it and also forms its boundary in the south-west.

Redmond West is on the traditional land of the Minang people of the Noongar nation.

Redmond West borders the locality of Redmond, which was established as a siding on the Great Southern Railway in 1912 and gazetted as a townsite in 1916. It is thought that the town was named after the Irish Nationalist leader, John Edward Redmond.

City of Albany
The City of Albany is a local government area in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, about 410 kilometres (255 mi) south-southeast of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. It covers an area of 4,312.3 square kilometres (1,665 sq mi), including the Greater Albany metropolitan area and the Port of Albany, as well as the surrounding agricultural district and some national parks. The City of Albany had a population of over 36,000 at the 2016 census.
Gen'ichirō Inokuma
Gen'ichirō Inokuma (猪熊弦一郎, Inokuma Gen'ichirō; born on 14 December 1902, died on 17 May 1993) was a Japanese painter. Inokuma is best known for his large-scale abstract paintings that allude to industrial landscapes, ladders, rail tracks, derricks, cranes, urban maps, and city planners’ blueprints.

Yoshirō Taniguchi
Yoshirō Taniguchi (谷口 吉郎, Taniguchi Yoshirō; 24 June 1904 – 2 February 1979) was a Japanese architect. He was born in the city of Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. He was a graduate of Tokyo University Department of Architecture and professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology from 1929–1965. As an architect, he created over 50 buildings and 10 memorials and participated in many professional activities as a statesman of Japanese modern architecture. “Yoshirō Taniguchi must be regarded as one of the most widely known, and, in the best sense, popular architects in Japan. Taniguchi is also well known for his writings and has made a name for himself as a designer of tombs, monuments and memorials which are all exquisite in themselves and suited to their surroundings.”
Barbie's careers
Since Barbie's introduction as a teenage fashion model in 1959, the doll has been portrayed with many careers. Dolls are sold with sets of clothes and accessories that fit the career being portrayed. For example, the Lifeguard Barbie playset includes a Barbie, an outfit with shoes, a lifeguard chair, a dolphin, and a life preserver, while the Spanish Teacher Barbie includes a Barbie, an outfit with shoes, flashcards, a Spanish quiz, an easel, a notebook, a key chain, and a hairbrush.

According to Mattel, Barbie has had over 1000 careers, recently including more STEM fields.

Mattel
Mattel, Inc. (/məˈtɛl/ mə-TEL) is an American multinational toy manufacturing and entertainment company headquartered in El Segundo, California. Founded in Los Angeles by Harold Matson and Ruth and Elliot Handler in January 1945, Mattel has a presence in 35 countries and territories. Its products are sold in more than 150 countries.

Mattel is the world's second largest toy maker in terms of revenue, after the Lego Group. Two of Mattel's major brands, Barbie and Hot Wheels, were named the top global toy property and the top-selling global toy of the year for 2020 and 2021 by the NPD Group.
Cities in Motion 2
Cities in Motion 2 is a 2013 business simulation game that was developed by Colossal Order and published by Paradox Interactive and is the sequel to the popular mass transit simulation game Cities in Motion. As with its predecessor, the goal of the game is to create efficient public transport systems in different major cities of the world. In this edition, there are several new features that the developers introduced based on community feedback about the previous game, including day/night cycles, rush hours and the ability to create timetables. The additions also include dynamic cities where players' decisions have a notable impact on city growth, and the inclusion of cooperative and competitive multi-player. The developer of Cities in Motion 2, Colossal Order, also developed Cities: Skylines, which is also a city building game with a mass transit system.

Colossal Order
Colossal Order is a Finnish video game development studio known for its business simulation game series Cities in Motion and for its city-builder series Cities: Skylines. The company was founded in Tampere, Finland in 2009. The CEO of Colossal Order is Mariina Hallikainen.
Jordan Lisle
Jordan Lisle (born 12 July 1990) is a former Australian rules football player who played with Hawthorn Football Club and the Brisbane Lions in the Australian Football League, and with the Port Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League

Jim 'Frosty' Miller Medal
The Jim 'Frosty' Miller Medal is awarded to the Victorian Football League player who kicks the most goals in home-and-away matches in that year. The is named in honour of Jim 'Frosty' Miller, who was the leading goalkicker of the Victorian Football Association (predecessor to the Victorian Football League) on six occasions.
Pierre Statorius
Pierre Statorius, Polish: Piotr Stoiński, Piotr Stojeński (Tonneville, Seine-Maritime, 1530 – Pińczów, or Kraków 1591) was a French grammarian and theologian, who settled among the Polish Brethren, becoming rector of a Calvinist Academy in Pińczów at the invitation of Francesco Lismanino.

The place of birth and real name of Statorius are difficult to establish. According to the letter of Théodore de Bèze of 12 July 1567, Statorius was a student of his. In the accounts of the Baillif of Lausanne Hans Frisching for 1550 appears "Pierre de Tonneville", who signed his Latin letters "P. Tonvillanus S." and claimed to have come from the "pays Séquanes" which indicates Tonneville, Seine-Maritime, not Thionville, Metz.

He is known in Poland as Piotr Stoiński Sr., (also Stojeński), to distinguish from his son, Piotr Stoiński Jr. (1565–1605) co-author of the Racovian Catechism and teacher at the Racovian Academy.

Racovian Catechism
The Racovian Catechism (Pol.: Katechizm Rakowski) is a nontrinitarian statement of faith from the 16th century. The title Racovian comes from the publishers, the Polish Brethren, who had founded a sizeable town in Raków, Kielce County, where the Racovian Academy and printing press was founded by Jakub Sienieński in 1602.