hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joel Greenberg (historian)
Joel Greenberg (born 1946) is an educational technology consultant and historian on the role of Bletchley Park in World War II.

Greenberg gained a PhD degree in numerical mathematics from the University of Manchester (UMIST) in 1973. For over 33 years, he worked for the Open University and held a number of director-level management positions. He lectures and writes about Bletchley Park and its role in World War II. He also conducts tours of the site. He is author of biographies about Gordon Welchman, a key figure at Bletchley Park during WWII, and Alastair Denniston, the first operational head of GCHQ. In 2017, he contributed a chapter to The Turing Guide on the German WWII Enigma machine.

Alastair Denniston
Commander Alexander Guthrie Denniston CB CMG CBE RNVR (1 December 1881 – 1 January 1961) was a Scottish codebreaker, deputy head of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) and hockey player. Denniston was appointed operational head of GC&CS in 1919 and remained so until February 1942.
2006 WNBL Finals
The 2006 WNBL Finals was the postseason tournament of the WNBL's 2005–06 season. The Dandenong Rangers were the two-time defending champions, but were defeated in the Grand Final by the Canberra Capitals, 68–55.

2005–06 WNBL season
The 2005–06 WNBL season was the 26th season of competition since its establishment in 1981. A total of 8 teams contested the league.

Broadcast rights were held by free-to-air network ABC. ABC broadcast one game a week, at 1:00 PM at every standard time in Australia.

Molten provided equipment including the official game ball, with Hoop2Hoop supplying team apparel.
Chauncey S. Taylor House
The Chauncey S. Taylor House, also known as the Richard Zeilinger House , is a historic house in David City, Nebraska. It was built in 1888 for Chauncey S. Taylor, a jeweler from Vermont. It was acquired by John Zeilinger in 1903. From 1921 to 1967, his son, Richard W. Zeilinger, lived in the house. The Zeilingers owned a hardware store in David City called Zeilinger Hardware. It was designed in the Second Empire and Queen Anne architectural styles. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since June 25, 1982.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Nebraska
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Nebraska. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Butler County, Nebraska, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 13 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.
Mani Sharma
Yanamandra Venkata Subrahmanyam (born 11 July 1964), professionally known as Mani Sharma, is an Indian composer and music producer known for his work primarily in Telugu cinema, along with contributions to Tamil, Kannada, and Hindi films.

C. Aswini Dutt
Chalasani Aswini Dutt (also spelled Aswani Dutt; born 15 September 1950) is an Indian film producer primarily known for his work in Telugu cinema. He is the founder of Vyjayanthi Movies, a major film production company established in 1974. Over a career spanning five decades, Aswini Dutt has produced over 40 films, predominantly in Telugu, along with a few in other languages. He is especially known for producing high-budget films featuring major stars.

He also contested for the Vijayawada Lok Sabha constituency in the year 2004 General Elections as a Telugu Desam Party candidate.
Adobe BrowserLab
Adobe BrowserLab was a service that enabled cross-browser testing by producing screenshots of websites from various web browsers across different platforms (Windows and OS X are currently supported). Screenshots could be compared side-by-side or overlaid upon one another, with diagnostic tools to help discover cross-browser differences.

The service could access dynamic pages across the web, or local content via Firebug or Adobe Dreamweaver CS5. The BrowserLab for Firebug extension allowed Firebug users to preview their page (live URL, or local edited source) in BrowserLab. With this procedure, it is possible to use BrowserLab with website material that has not yet been made available online or is protected by a firewall.

Firebug (software)
Firebug is a discontinued free and open-source web browser extension for Mozilla Firefox that facilitated the live debugging, editing, and monitoring of any website's CSS, HTML, DOM, XHR, and JavaScript.
2010–11 Liga Alef
The 2010–11 Liga Alef season saw Maccabi Umm al-Fahm (champions of the North Division) and Hapoel Jerusalem (champions of the South Division) win the title and promotion to Liga Leumit.

At the bottom, the bottom two clubs in each division, Maccabi Kafr Qara, Hapoel Ramot Menashe Megiddo (from North division), Hapoel Tzafririm Holon and Shimshon Bnei Tayibe (from South division) were all automatically relegated to Liga Bet, whilst the two clubs ranked in 14th place in each division, Ironi Sayid Umm al-Fahm and Hapoel Nahlat Yehuda entered a promotion/relegation play-offs, and both relegated to Liga Bet after losing the play-offs.

2011–12 Liga Bet
The 2011–12 Liga Bet season saw Tzeirei Bir al-Maksur (champions of the North A division), Hapoel Migdal HaEmek (champions of the North B division), Hapoel Azor (champions of the South A division) and Maccabi Sha'arayim (champions of the South B division) win their regional divisions and qualify for promotion play-offs. Hapoel Migdal HaEmek and Maccabi Sha'arayim won the promotion play-offs and promoted to Liga Alef, while Tzeirei Bir al-Maksur and Hapoel Azor played for promotion against the 14th ranked club from Liga Alef, Hapoel Azor winning and gaining promotion as well and Tzeirei Bir al-Maksur losing and remaining in Liga Bet.

At the bottom, Maccabi Tirat HaCarmel, Hapoel Bnei Jadeidi (from North A division), Maccabi Or Akiva, Maccabi Barta'a (from North B division), Hapoel Pardesiya, Shimshon Bnei Tayibe (from South A division), Maccabi Sderot and Hapoel Mevaseret Zion (from South B division) were all automatically relegated to Liga Gimel
Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide
Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, also known as Triton B or trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, is a quaternary ammonium salt that functions as an organic base. It is usually handled as a solution in water or methanol. The compound is colourless, although the solutions often appear yellowish.  Commercial samples often have a distinctive fish-like odour, presumably due to the presence of trimethylamine via hydrolysis.

Quaternary ammonium cation
In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. Unlike the ammonium ion (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution. Quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium compounds (called quaternary amines in oilfield parlance) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations. Polyquats are a variety of engineered polymer forms which provide multiple quat molecules within a larger molecule.

Quats are used in consumer applications including as antimicrobials (such as detergents and disinfectants), fabric softeners, and hair conditioners. As an antimicrobial, they are able to inactivate enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2). Quats tend to be gentler on surfaces than bleach-based disinfectants, and are generally fabric-safe.
Ulla Winblad
Ulla Winblad is a semi-fictional character in many of Carl Michael Bellman's musical works. She is at once an idealised rococo goddess and a tavern prostitute, and a key figure in Bellman's songs of Fredman's Epistles. The juxtaposition of elegant and low life is humorous, while allowing Bellman to convey a range of emotions. Ulla Winblad has been called "one of the really great female figures in Swedish literature". The character was partly inspired by Maria Kristina Kiellström (1744–1798).

Lars Lönnroth
Lars Lönnroth  (born 4 June 1935) is a Swedish literary scholar.

He was born in Gothenburg to Erik Lönnroth and Ebba Lagercrantz.

His academic career includes professorships at the University of California Berkeley, University of Aalborg and the University of Gothenburg.
Vembannur
Vembannur is a village located in the Nedumangad taluk of the Thiruvananthapuram District in Kerala, India. Vembannur comes under the Aruvikkara panchayat of the Nedumangad Taluk.

The main attraction of this small village is the Aruvikkara Dam. This dam was built by the rulers of the Travancore princely state to supply drinking water to the city of Thiruvananthapuram. As of 2012, the water from the dam's reservoir is still in use.  The dam is small, with only 20 feet in height, but stores a good capacity of water.  There is a bridge connecting Vembannur to the outside world in front of the Dam.  A single-track bridge, which is the only road link to the outer world from this village.

Aruvikkara
Aruvikkara is a panchayat in Thiruvananthapuram district in the state of Kerala India.  It is located on the banks of the Karamana River, 15 km from Thiruvananthapuram.

Aruvikkara is the capital of the state of Kerala in South India and one of the 12 panchayats that shares border with Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation.  The reservoir and garden are popular tourist spots.

It is known for the ancient Bhagavathi temple which is built on a rock and is dedicated to Durga, the divine embodiment of female power. The stream in front of the temple contains large fish, which are fed by devotees visiting the shrine.

The headquarters of the Wellington Water Distribution project is located in Avuvikkara.  The mini Aruvikkara Dam provides water to the state capital Thiruvananthapuram.
Aristolochene
Aristolochene is a bicyclic sesquiterpene produced by certain fungi, most notably the cheese mold Penicillium roqueforti. It is biosynthesized from farnesyl pyrophosphate by the enzyme aristolochene synthase and serves as the parent hydrocarbon for a variety of fungal toxins.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), also known as farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), is the precursor to all sesquiterpenes, which comprises thousands of compounds. These include all sesquiterpenes as well as sterols and carotenoids. It is also used in the synthesis of CoQ (part of the electron transport chain), as well as dehydrodolichol diphosphate (a precursor of dolichol, which transports proteins to the ER lumen for N-glycosylation).
Seha Sorghum Mill
The Seha Sorghum Mill is a historic sorghum syrup mill in Janesville Township, Minnesota, United States, in operation circa 1904 to 1956.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 for having state-level significance in the themes of agriculture, engineering, industry, and social history.  It was nominated for being the only surviving early sorghum syrup mill in Minnesota and a symbol of the region's agriculture and industry.  The building now stands on the grounds of the Okaman Elk Farm, a local visitor attraction.

Sweet sorghum
Sweet sorghum, sorgo, or sorgho is any of the many varieties of the sorghum grass whose stalks have a high sugar content. Sweet sorghum thrives better under drier and warmer conditions than many other crops and is grown primarily for forage, silage, and syrup production.

Sweet sorghum syrup is known as sorghum molasses in some regions of the United States, though in most of the U.S. the term molasses refers to a sweet syrupy byproduct of sugarcane or sugar beet sugar extraction.
John Doukas Angelos Palaiologos Raoul Laskaris Tornikes Philanthropenos Asen
John Doukas Angelos Palaiologos Raoul Laskaris Tornikes Philanthropenos Asen (Greek: Ἰωάννης Δούκας Ἄγγελος Παλαιολόγος Ῥαοὺλ Λάσκαρις Τορνίτζης Φιλανθρωπηνός Ἀσάνης) was a 14th- or 15th-century Byzantine noble child who died young.

John Asen is known from a funerary icon portrait in a monastery in the Peloponnese. A relative of an unnamed Byzantine empress consort, he is notable for his unusual amount of family names, indicating direct descent from as many as eight prominent Byzantine noble houses: the Doukas, Angelos, Palaiologos, Raoul, Laskaris, Tornikes, Philanthropenos and Asen families.

Asen dynasty
The House of Asen, also Asen dynasty or the Asenids (Bulgarian: Асеневци, romanized: Asenevtsi, scientific transliteration: Asenevci), founded and ruled a medieval Bulgarian state, called in modern historiography the Second Bulgarian Empire, between 1185 and 1280.

The Asen dynasty rose as the leaders of Bulgaria after a rebellion against the Byzantine Empire at the turn of the year 1185/1186 caused by the increase in Imperial taxes. Some members of the Asen family entered Byzantine service in the thirteenth to fourteenth centuries. While the name Asen (Асен, medieval orthography: Асѣнь, Asěn) was originally used as a personal name in Bulgaria—usually paired with a Christian baptismal name—in foreign contexts, both Byzantine and Western, it quickly assumed the role of a family name, most notably among the Byzantine family Asan or Asanēs, descended from Ivan Asen III. The name also occurs as a family name in modern Greek, and could go back to the same name. Their origin is obscure.
Mató de Pedralbes
Mató de Pedralbes (Catalan pronunciation: [məˈto ðə pəˈðɾalβəs]) or mató de monja, is a typical dessert from Barcelona (in Catalonia, Spain) made with flavoured and sweetened milk. The dish is believed to have been created in the nineteenth century, by nuns of the convent in Barcelona's prestigious Pedralbes neighbourhood. It was intended as a richer, finer alternative to the older and popular crema catalana. Despite its name, this dessert bears no relationship to Catalan mató cheese, as mató ('curd' in Catalan) here refers to the shape and texture of this dessert taken out of the mould.

Mató
Mató (Catalan pronunciation: [məˈto]) is a fresh cheese of Catalonia made from sheep' or goats' milk, with no salt added.

It is usually served with honey, as a traditional and emblematic Catalan dessert known as mel i mató.
Kanjikode railway station
Kanjikode railway station (station code: KJKD) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station in the Palakkad district, Kerala and falls under the Palakkad railway division of the Southern Railway zone, Indian Railways.

Palakkad railway division
Palakkad railway division (formerly Olavakkod railway division) is one of the six administrative divisions of the Southern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at city of Palakkad, Kerala. It is the smallest railway division in Southern Railway. It was formed by dissolving the Podanur division. Managing 588 route kilometers of track in the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Mahé (in the Union Territory of Puducherry), it is one of the oldest railway divisions in India and had a route connectivity of nearly 1,247 km before the formation of current Thiruvananthapuram and Salem divisions. The terminal facility of Palakkad division is situated in Shoranur Junction & Mangalore Central of Karnataka state.
Lists of replicas
This is a list of lists of replicas of various specific objects.

List of Eiffel Tower replicas

Independence Hall replicas

Replicas of the Jewish Temple

Replicas of Michelangelo's David

Replicas of Michelangelo's Pietà

Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations

List of replicas of Noah's Ark

770 Eastern Parkway replicas

Replicas of the Statue of Liberty

Stonehenge replicas and derivatives

Replicas of the White House

Replicas of Michelangelo's David
Michelangelo's David have been made replicas for numerous times, in plaster, imitation marble, fibreglass, snow, and other materials. There are many full-sized replicas of the statue around the world, perhaps the most prominent being the one in the original's position in the Piazza della Signoria in Florence, Italy, placed there in 1910. The original sculpture was moved indoors in 1873 to the Accademia Gallery in Florence, where it attracts many visitors. Others were made for study at art academies in the late nineteenth century and later, while the statue has also been replicated for various commercial reasons or as artistic statements in their own right. Smaller replicas are often considered kitsch.
Milano Villapizzone railway station
Milano Villapizzone is a surface railway station in Milan, Italy and serves the suburb of Villapizzone. It opened in 2002 as part of the Milan Passante railway. It is located on Via Arnaldo Fusinato.

The station, together with Bovisa station, also serves the Bovisa campus of the Politecnico di Milano. The train services are operated by Trenord.

Milano Bovisa railway station
Milano Bovisa is a railway station in Bovisa, Milan, Italy. It opened in 1879 and is now one of the key nodes of the Milan suburban railway service, and of the Trenord regional network in northern Lombardy. It is located in Piazza Emilio Alfieri.

The station serves the Bovisa neighborhood, in the northwestern part of the Milan municipality, and in particular the Bovisa Campus of the Politecnico di Milano, the biggest technical university in Italy.

The station is served by lines S1, S2, S3, S4, S12, and S13 of the Milan suburban railway service, by the Milan–Asso, Milan–Saronno–Como, Milan–Saronno–Novara and Milan–Saronno–Varese–Laveno regional lines, and by the Malpensa Express.
John Stoll
John Stoll (13 December 1913 – 25 June 1990) was a British art director. He won an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film Lawrence of Arabia. During the 1950s, he worked largely on low-budget British feature films.

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
Clay Smothers
Claiborne Washington "Clay" Smothers (April 1, 1935 – June 11, 2004) was an American politician and commentator. He was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 33-G in Dallas County from 1977 to 1981. Elected as a Conservative Democrat, Smothers switched to the Republican on December 17, 1979, near the end of the first year of the administration of Bill Clements, the first Republican governor of Texas since Reconstruction.

Smothers had been a Republican in 1970, when he unsuccessfully ran in District 12 for the Texas House; he was defeated by the Democrat Sam Coats. In that same election, George Herbert Walker Bush lost the U.S. Senate race to Democrat Lloyd Bentsen, and Republican gubernatorial nominee Paul Eggers failed to unseat Preston Smith in their second consecutive match.

Preston Smith (governor)
Preston Earnest Smith (March 8, 1912 – October 18, 2003) was an American entrepreneur and politician who served as the 40th governor of Texas from 1969 to 1973. A conservative member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 35th lieutenant governor from 1963 to 1969.
Cyrus W. Strickler
Cyrus Warren Strickler Sr. (November 1, 1873 – July 23, 1953) was an American physician and professor of clinical medicine at Emory University. He served in the United States Army Medical Corps during World War I.

Emory University School of Medicine
The Emory University School of Medicine is the graduate medical school of Emory University and a component of Emory’s Robert W. Woodruff Health Sciences Center. Emory University School of Medicine traces its origins back to 1915 when the Atlanta Medical College (founded 1854), the Southern Medical College (1878), and the Atlanta School of Medicine (founded 1905) merged.

Emory University School of Medicine is located on the university's main campus in the Druid Hills neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia.  The medical school offers a full-time Doctor of Medicine degree program, Masters programs in Anesthesiology and Genetic Counseling, degrees in Physical Therapy and Physician Assistant training, joint degree programs with other Emory graduate divisions, graduate medical education, and continuing medical education.
South Staffordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Staffordshire was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Further to the completion of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Subject to major boundary changes, it was reformed as Kingswinford and South Staffordshire, which was first contested at the 2024 general election. Part of the constituency was absorbed into the new seat of Stone, Great Wyrley and Penkridge, with Sir Gavin Williamson becoming its MP.

Cheslyn Hay
Cheslyn Hay is a village and civil parish in the South Staffordshire district of Staffordshire, England. It is 3 miles south of Cannock, 10 miles north of Walsall, 9 miles northeast of Wolverhampton, and 13 miles south of Stafford. The village forms a built-up area with the villages and areas of Great Wyrley, Landywood, and Churchbridge.
Hungry Horse Dam
Hungry Horse Dam is an arch dam in the Western United States, on the South Fork Flathead River in the Rocky Mountains of northwest Montana. It is located in Flathead National Forest in Flathead County, about fifteen miles (24 km) south of the west entrance to Glacier National Park, nine miles (14 km) southeast of Columbia Falls, and twenty miles (32 km) northeast of Kalispell. The Hungry Horse project, dam, and powerplant are operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The entrance road leading to the dam is located in Hungry Horse.

The purposes of the Hungry Horse Project authorized by law are irrigation, flood control, navigation, streamflow regulation, hydroelectric generation, and other beneficial uses such as recreation. However, no irrigation facilities were built and the project has no irrigation obligations. Hydroelectric power generation and flood control are the primary purposes of the dam. The dam, reservoir, and surrounding area are used for recreation.

Arch dam
An arch dam is a concrete dam that is curved upstream in plan. The arch dam is designed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostatic pressure, presses against the arch, causing the arch to straighten slightly and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments. An arch dam is most suitable for narrow canyons or gorges with steep walls of stable rock to support the structure and stresses. Since they are thinner than any other dam type, they require much less construction material, making them economical and practical in remote areas.