hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dixon, California
Dixon is a city in northeastern Solano County, California, located 23 miles (37 km) from the state capital, Sacramento. It has a hot-summer mediterranean climate on the Köppen climate classification scale. Its population was 18,988 at the 2020 United States census. Other nearby cities include Vacaville, Winters, Davis, Woodland, and Rio Vista.

Winters, California
Winters is a city in rural Yolo County, and the western Sacramento Valley, in northern California, United States.

Winters has a 2024 population of 7,860. Winters is currently growing at a rate of 2.16% annually and its population has increased by 9.24% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 7,195 in 2020.

The average household income in Winters is $148,333 with a poverty rate of 6.55%. The median age in Winters is 37.9 years: 38.1 years for males, and 37.9 years for females.
Pavlovsk Experimental Station
59°42′51″N 30°25′25″E﻿ / ﻿59.7143°N 30.4236°E﻿ / 59.7143; 30.4236

Pavlovsk Experimental Station (Russian: Павловская опытная станция) is an agricultural experiment station and gene bank that is part of the Institute of Plant Industry and situated in Pavlovsk near St. Petersburg, Russia.

Gene bank
A gene bank is a type of biorepository that is used across the world to store the genetic material of animals, plants, and other organisms. It preserves their genetic information in the form of reproductive material like seeds, sperm, eggs, embryos, cells and other kinds of DNA. Oftentimes, these banks house the genetic material of species that are endangered or close to extinction.They are also used for the preservation of major crop species and cultivars, in order to preserve crop diversity.This protects the organism from threats like extinction, diseases, and climate change.
2014 Copa San Juan Gobierno – Doubles
Guillermo Durán and Máximo González were the defending champions, but González chose not to play this year. Guillermo Durán played alongside Andrés Molteni and lost in the first round to Guido Andreozzi and Guido Pella.

Martín Alund and Facundo Bagnis won the title by defeating Diego Schwartzman and Horacio Zeballos 4–6, 6–3, [10–7] in the final.

Guillermo Durán
Guillermo Durán (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʝeɾmo ðuˈɾan]; born 6 June 1988) is an Argentine tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He competes mostly on the ATP Challenger Tour. His highest ATP doubles ranking of world No. 48 was achieved on 23 May 2016 and his highest ATP singles ranking of No. 385 was reached on 2 April 2012.
1976 NCAA Skiing Championships
The 1976 NCAA Skiing Championships were contested at Sunday River ski area, near the town of Newry, Maine, at the 23rd annual NCAA-sanctioned ski tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate alpine, cross country skiing, and ski jumping in the United States.

Four-time defending champion Colorado, coached by alumnus Bill Marolt, finished tied with Dartmouth, coached by Jim Page, atop the team standings, with 112 points each, and shared the team national championship. Both teams finished a mere four points ahead of third-place Vermont, a point ahead of Wyoming; this was the seventh title for the Buffaloes and the second for the Big Green.

NCAA skiing championships
The NCAA Skiing Championships are held annually to crown the National Collegiate Athletic Association combined men's and women's team skiing champion. Before 1983, the championship was only for men's skiing. Unlike many NCAA sports, only one National Collegiate championship is held each season with teams from Division I, Division II, and Division III competing together.

The University of Denver has won a record 24 team titles, including ten since 2000. The University of Colorado is second with 20 titles (plus one AIAW title), and the University of Utah is third with 16  (plus one AIAW title).

Denver won the first NCAA championship in 1954 at Reno with 384 points, 34.4 points ahead of runner-up Seattle University. The scoring system has been modified over the years; in 2012, Vermont scored a record 832 points, with a record margin of 161 points over second-place Utah.

The 2020 edition started on schedule, but was canceled in progress due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
1987 Australian Production Car Championship
The 1987 Australian Production Car Championship was an Australian motor racing competition open to Group E Series Production Cars. The championship was contested over two 30 lap, 60 km heats staged at the Winton circuit in Victoria, Australia on 27 September 1987. The championship winner was determined by a pointscore system which awarded the first twenty placegetters in each heat. The championship was organised by the Benalla Auto Club.

The title, which was recognised by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the first Australian Production Car Championship, was won by Peter Fitzgerald driving a Mitsubishi Starion.

Australian Production Car Championship
The Australian Production Car Championship is an Australian motor racing title for production cars. The championship was first contested in 1987 and from 2008 to 2015 the title was awarded to the most successful driver in the annual Australian Manufacturers' Championship series which ran on the Shannons Nationals Motor Racing Championships program.

For 2016 the Australian Manufacturers' Championship (and thus the Australian Production Car Championship) was rebranded again as the Australian Production Car Series.

In 2025, the series, which had since its inception been sanctioned by Motorsport Australia and its predecessors organisation CAMS, switched to the Australian Auto Sport Alliance and will run as part of the Hi-Tec Oils Super Series event calendar.
Non-redemption game
Non-redemption games are amusement arcade games that do not reward the player with prizes or tickets, unlike redemption games. They are typically games of skill that provide entertainment through the challenge of their gameplay, and the player's desire to win a high score or beat their friends.

With the rising capabilities of home gaming consoles, non-redemption video games have become less prolific at arcades. Examples of non-redemption games still found at arcades include pinball machines, racing games, shooting games (often using light guns), rhythm games like Dance Dance Revolution, and air hockey.

Amusement arcade
An amusement arcade, also known as a video arcade, amusements, arcade, or penny arcade (an older term), is a venue where people play arcade games. These include arcade video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw machines), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables. In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or pachinko machines. Games are usually housed in cabinets.

Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.
Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Qualification
This article describes the qualifying phase for gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics. Qualification was based on the results of the three world gymnastics championships (rhythmic, artistic and trampoline) held in autumn 2015, and Olympic Test Events held in early 2016 at the HSBC Arena. In addition, the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique and the IOC Tripartite Commission for Gymnastics allocated places to ensure certain minimum levels of representation.

Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held in three categories: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. All gymnastics events were staged at the Arena Olímpica do Rio from 6 to 21 August 2016.
Clonostachys rosea f. rosea
Clonostachys rosea f. rosea, also known as Gliocladium roseum and commonly called the rose bracket, is a species of fungus in the family Bionectriaceae. It colonizes living plants as an endophyte, digests material in soil as a saprophyte and is also known as a parasite of other fungi and of nematodes. It produces a wide range of volatile organic compounds which are toxic to organisms including other fungi, bacteria, and insects, and is of interest as a biological pest control agent.

Bionectriaceae
The Bionectriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate places 35 genera and 281 species in the family. Species in the family tend to grow on plant material, including woody debris, while some species associate with algae, bryophytes, or other fungi.
North Suburban Conference (Illinois)
The North Suburban Conference (NSC) is an extra-curricular conference of eight high schools located in Lake County, Illinois, in the northern suburbs of Chicago. All of the schools are members of the Illinois High School Association (IHSA).

Grayslake Central High School
Grayslake Central High School (also known as Grayslake Central or GCHS) is a public four-year high school located in Grayslake, Illinois and is part of Grayslake Community High School District 127. Founded in 1946, the school services the Chicago suburbs of Grayslake, Hainesville, and parts of Round Lake. The school's mascot is the Ram. Sender schools include Park School Campus, Grayslake Middle School, Woodland Middle School, Fremont Middle School, Highland Middle School, St. Gilbert Catholic School, and Prairie Crossing Charter School.
Sartre Studies International
Sartre Studies International is a journal published by Berghahn Books in association with the United Kingdom Sartre Society and North American Sartre Society, and focuses on the philosophical, literary and political issues originating in existentialism, and explores the continuing vitality of existentialist and Sartrean ideas in contemporary society and culture. Each issue contains a reviews section and a notice board of current events, such as conferences, publications and media broadcasts linked to Jean Paul Sartre's life, work and intellectual legacy.
It is edited conjointly by John Gillespie, Katherine Morris, John Ireland, and Constance Mui.

Berghahn Books
Berghahn Books is a New York- and Oxford-based publisher of scholarly books and academic journals in the humanities and social sciences, with a special focus on social and cultural anthropology, European history, politics, and film and media studies. It was founded in 1994 by Marion Berghahn.
Ecomuseum Bergslagen
Ecomuseum Bergslagen (Swedish: Ekomuseum Bergslagen) is an open-air museum in the western part of the former mining and smelting region of Bergslagen in central Sweden. The museum opened in 1986 and is today the world's largest ecomuseum. The museum is a joint project of the municipalities Ludvika, Smedjebacken, Fagersta, Norberg, Skinnskatteberg, Surahammar and Hallstahammar. Two provincial museums in Dalarna and Västmanland County participate in the project. In 1998 Ecomuseum Bergslagen was awarded as the best industrial history museum in Europe with the Luigi Micheletti Award.

Ecomuseum
An ecomuseum is a museum focused on the identity of a place, largely based on local participation and aiming to enhance the welfare and development of local communities. Ecomuseums originated in France, the concept being developed by Georges Henri Rivière and Hugues de Varine, who coined the term ‘ecomusée’ in 1971. The term "éco" is a shortened form for "écologie", but it refers especially to a new idea of holistic interpretation of cultural heritage, in opposition to the focus on specific items and objects, performed by traditional museums.

There are presently about 300 operating ecomuseums in the world; about 200 are in Europe, mainly in France, Italy, Spain, and Poland.
The Very Best of Randy Crawford
The Very Best of Randy Crawford is a greatest hits album by American singer Randy Crawford, released in 1993. It features singles and album tracks from Crawford's studio albums Everything Must Change (1976), Raw Silk (1979), Now We May Begin (1980), Secret Combination (1981), Windsong (1982), Nightline (1983), Abstract Emotions (1986), Rich and Poor (1989) and Through the Eyes of Love (1992), plus one track from the live album Casino Lights (1982) and one track from The Crusaders album Street Life (1979), on which Crawford provided vocals.

The Very Best of Randy Crawford reached number 8 in the UK Albums Chart.

Now We May Begin
Now We May Begin is an album by the American R&B singer Randy Crawford, released in 1980 on Warner Bros. Records. The album got to No. 10 on the UK Albums Chart and No. 30 on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart. Now We May Begin has also been certified Silver in the UK by the BPI.
U.S.D.A. (group)
U.S.D.A. (United Street Dopeboyz of America) was a hip hop group from Atlanta. Rapper Jeezy founded the group after his departure from Boyz n da Hood. The original group consisted of Jeezy, Slick Pulla and Blood Raw.

In 2007, they released their sole album, Cold Summer, under Def Jam Recordings.

After the release of their 2011 mixtape, All or Nothing, U.S.D.A. disbanded in 2012 without any follow up material.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Ria Meneses
Marivic Velaine Morelos Meneses (born October 18, 1995), also known as Ria or Riri Meneses, is a Filipino volleyball for the Farm Fresh Foxies of the Premier Volleyball League (PVL). She was a member of the Philippines women's national under-23 volleyball team which competed in the 2015 Asian Women's U23 Volleyball Championship.

All-Premier Team
The All-Premier Team, also known as the Premier Volleyball League Mythical Team, is a Premier Volleyball League honor composed of seven positional awards which are given out each conference. These include two awards each for Best Outside Hitters and Best Middle Blockers, and one award each for Best Opposite Hitter, Best Setter, and Best Libero. Since 2025, the PVL Press Corps have given out an annual version of the awards.

In the women's division, Alyssa Valdez and Jeanette Panaga are tied for most All-Premier Team selections with nine each. They are followed by Jia Morado-de Guzman, who has eight selections.

In the men's division, Fauzi Ismail and JP Bugaoan were both selected three times. Six others were selected twice.
Propionyl chloride
Propionyl chloride (also propanoyl chloride) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2C(O)Cl.  It is the acyl chloride derivative of propionic acid. It undergoes the characteristic reactions of acyl chlorides. It is a colorless, corrosive, volatile liquid.

It is used as a reagent for organic synthesis.  In derived chiral amides and esters, the methylene protons are diastereotopic.

There have been efforts to schedule propionyl chloride as a DEA List 1 Chemical as it can be used to synthesize fentanyl.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
ATAC-seq
ATAC-seq (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing) is a laboratory technique used in molecular biology to assess genome-wide chromatin accessibility. The technique was introduced in 2013 by the labs of Will Greenleaf and Howard Chang at Stanford University as an alternative to MNase-seq, FAIRE-Seq and DNase-Seq with faster turnaround time, simpler protocol, and lower DNA input requirements.

DNase-Seq
DNase-seq (DNase I hypersensitive sites sequencing) is a method in molecular biology used to identify the location of regulatory regions, based on the genome-wide sequencing of regions sensitive to cleavage by DNase I. FAIRE-Seq is a successor of DNase-seq for the genome-wide identification of accessible DNA regions in the genome. Both the protocols for identifying open chromatin regions have biases depending on underlying nucleosome structure. For example, FAIRE-seq provides higher tag counts at non-promoter regions. On the other hand, DNase-seq signal is higher at promoter regions, and DNase-seq has been shown to have better sensitivity than FAIRE-seq even at non-promoter regions.
Piz Chavalatsch
Piz Chavalatsch (also known as Monte Cavallaccio) (2,763 m) is a mountain in the Ortler Range of the Alps of eastern Switzerland and northern Italy. It forms the border between the Swiss canton of Graubünden and the Italian Province of Bolzano.

The easternmost point of Switzerland is located at Piz Chavalatsch at c. 46°36′55.1″N 10°29′31.3″E﻿ / ﻿46.615306°N 10.492028°E﻿ / 46.615306; 10.492028 (Swiss Grid: 833841/166938).

Ortler Alps
The Ortler Alps (Italian: Alpi dell'Ortles; German: Ortler-Alpen; Romansh: Alps da l'Ortler) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps mountain group in the Central Eastern Alps, in Italy and Switzerland.
John Mealing
John Mealing (born  (1942-04-05) 5 April 1942 in Yeovil, Somerset) is a British keyboardist, composer and arranger.

After leaving the Don Rendell-Ian Carr Quintet in the late sixties, he joined the pioneering British jazz-rock band If until they came off the road in 1972. Subsequently appearing on albums by Klaus Doldinger's Passport, Mick Ronson, Leo Sayer, John Entwistle, Status Quo, and ex-King Crimson drummer Michael Giles, he went on to join Strawbs following the departure of John Hawken.

In the mid-eighties, Mealing did arrangements for several hit British albums by bands such as The Style Council and The Pet Shop Boys.

Between 1986 and 1993, he composed the music to the hit BBC Television quiz shows Every Second Counts and Bob's Full House.  He is credited with the music for the 1991 The Secret Policeman's Biggest Ball.

He is also credited as co-composer of the theme tune to the British TV comedy-drama series Press Gang which ran from 1989 to 1993.

Ian Carr
Ian Carr (21 April 1933 – 25 February 2009) was a Scottish jazz musician, composer, writer, and educator. Carr performed and recorded with the Rendell-Carr quintet and jazz-fusion band Nucleus, and was an associate professor at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London. He also wrote biographies of musicians Keith Jarrett and Miles Davis.
Argu Tagh
42°00′N 81°00′E﻿ / ﻿42.000°N 81.000°E﻿ / 42.000; 81.000

For main article, see Pamir Mountains.

Argu Tagh (Turkic Argu Tag and Kumysh Tag meaning "Silver Mountains", Chinese Qinling meaning "Onion Mountains") is a mountain range separating the Turan Depression from the Xinjiang region of China. The Argu Tagh range is a northern extension of Kunlun Mountains, it continues northeast to the basin of Ili River, northwest beyond the Balkhash Lake, westward and northeast from Kashgar, stretching along the southern edge of the Tarim Basin, and forming the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert. As "Onion Mountains", the Argu Tagh range was frequently mentioned in the Chinese Annals starting in the 2nd century BC, played a prominent role in the routes of the ancient Silk Road, and was a theater of many historical military and political events.

Taklamakan Desert
The Taklamakan Desert (/ˌtækləməˈkæn/ TAK-lə-mə-KAN) is a desert in northwest China. Located inside the Tarim Basin in Southern Xinjiang, it is bounded by the Kunlun Mountains to the south, the Pamir Mountains to the west, the Tian Shan range to the north, and the Gobi Desert to the east.
Joinup
Joinup (name replaced in 2024 by "Interoperable Europe Portal") is a collaboration platform created by the European Commission. It is funded by the European Union via its
Interoperability Solutions for Public Administrations Programme (ISA Programme).

Joinup was launched on 9 December 2011. It replaced the Open Source Observatory and Repository (OSOR.eu) and the Semantic Interoperability Centre Europe (SEMIC.eu), themselves communities funded by the ISA Programme. These two became Joinup's initial communities.

Article 8 of the EU Regulation Interoperable Europe Act of March 13, 2024 created the Interoperable Europe Portal, which is the new name for Joinup

E-government in Europe
All European countries show eGovernment initiatives, mainly related to the improvement of governance at the national level. Significant eGovernment activities also take place at the European Commission level as well. There is an extensive list of eGovernment Fact Sheets maintained by the European Commission.
Sefer HaAggadah
Sefer HaAggadah (The Book of Legends) is a compilation of Aggadot (singular Aggadah; Aramaic אַגָּדָה: "tales, lore") that was compiled and edited by Hayim Nahman Bialik and Yehoshua Hana Rawnitzki starting from 1903. Most of the sources included in Sefer HaAggadah come from the period of the Tannaim and the Amoraim. Bialik and Ravnitzky include aggadot from the Mishnah, the Babylonian Talmud, Jerusalem Talmud, Avot of Rabbi Natan, Mekhilta, Sifra, Sifre, Tosefta, Midrash Rabba, Midrash Tanhuma, Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer, Sefer Yetzirah, Yalkut Shimoni, Alphabet of Sirach and others.
Nahum Norbert Glatzer, Jewish literary scholar, theologian, and editor writes that Bialik's goal in compiling the Sefer HaAggadah was "…part of his attempt to popularize Hebrew classics." This mission is very much evident in Bialik's essay, Halakah and Aggadah where he expands on the roles of Halakah and Aggadah in reinventing or renewing a society's culture.

Pirkei De-Rabbi Eliezer
Pirkei de-Rabbi Eliezer (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פִּרְקֵי דְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר, romanized: pirqe də-rabbi ʾeliʿezer, 'Chapters of Rabbi Eliezer'; abbreviated פדר״א, 'PRE') is an aggadic-midrashic work of Torah exegesis and retellings of biblical stories. Traditionally, the work is attributed to the tanna Eliezer ben Hurcanus and his school. Modern research suggests that the text is pseudepigraphic from the Geonic period of the eighth century, written in or near the Land of Israel.