hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amba Alagi
Imba Alaje is a mountain, or an amba, in northern Ethiopia. Located in the Debubawi Zone of the Tigray Region, Imba Alaje dominates the roadway that runs past it from the city of Mek'ele south to Maychew. Because of its strategic location, Emba Alaje has been the site of several battles. As Anthony Mockler describes it,

It was [a] real amba, flat-topped, covered with crevices and canyons and caves, impregnable on the north and north-east where the Tug Gabat ran round its flanks through precipitous ravines, falling steeply away in the rear to the spur of Antalo, behind which lay the broad plain of Mahera.

The village of Adi Gura is located on the north side of the mountain at an elevation of 2,700 meter. The larger town of Ambalage is located five kilometer to the south of the mountain.

British expedition to Abyssinia
The British expedition to Abyssinia was a rescue mission and punitive expedition carried out in 1868 by the armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire (also known at the time as Abyssinia). Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia, then often referred to by the anglicized name Theodore, imprisoned several missionaries and two representatives of the British government in an attempt to force the British government to comply with his requests for military assistance. The punitive expedition launched by the British in response required the transportation of a sizeable military force hundreds of kilometres across mountainous terrain lacking any road system. The formidable obstacles to the action were overcome by the commander of the expedition, General Robert Napier, who captured the Ethiopian capital, and rescued all the hostages.

Historian Harold G. Marcus described the action as "one of the most expensive affairs of honour in history."
2015 Abierto Tampico
The 2015 Abierto Tampico was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000+H in prize money. It took place in Tampico, Mexico, on 5–11 October 2015.

Abierto Tampico
The Abierto Tampico is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor hard courts. The event is classified as a WTA 125 event after it was upgraded in 2022. Before that, it used to be held as a $100,000+H ITF Women's Circuit tournament. The tournament was established in Tampico, Mexico, in 2013.
1985 British Open
The 1985 British Open (officially the 1985 Dulux British Open) was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that was held from 17 February to 3 March 1985 with television coverage on ITV beginning on 22 February from the Assembly Rooms in Derby, England. It was the first edition of the British Open, having been rebranded from the International Masters the previous year. It was the fifth ranking event of the 1984–85 snooker season, preceding the 1985 World Snooker Championship.

In the best-of-23-frames final, South African player Silvino Francisco defeated Canadian Kirk Stevens 12–9. It was the first major professional snooker tournament without a British player in the final. The event featured a total prize fund of £250,000 with the winner receiving £50,000. The highest break of the event was made by Alex Higgins, who compiled a 142 in his last-16 match against Cliff Thorburn.

British Open (snooker)
The British Open is a professional snooker tournament, established in 1980 and held as a ranking tournament from 1985. Originally known as the British Gold Cup, the event has had various sponsors and venues over the early years, until the 2005–06 season where it was initially dropped. The "FA Cup-like" flat draws format was introduced in 1990 from the last 32 stage of the event and has differentiated itself from the other regular knock-out events; the unique format was retained when the tournament is reinstated from the 2021–2022 season, where draws in every round of this event are now randomised.

The tournament currently awards the Clive Everton Trophy, named after the popular commentator. The reigning champion is Shaun Murphy who won his first title in 2025. The record for the most titles is held by Englishman Steve Davis with five, one ahead of Scots Stephen Hendry and John Higgins.
Dhu Nuwas
Dhū Nuwās (Arabic: ذُو نُوَاس), real name Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar (Musnad: 𐩺𐩥𐩪𐩰 𐩱𐩪𐩱𐩧 𐩺𐩻𐩱𐩧, Yws¹f ʾs¹ʾr Yṯʾr), Yosef Nu'as (Hebrew: יוסף נואס), or Yūsuf bin Sharhabil (Arabic: يُوْسُف ٱبْن شَرْحَبِيْل), also known as Masruq in Syriac, and Dounaas (Δουναας) in Medieval Greek, was a Jewish king of Himyar reigning between AD 522–530 who became infamous for his persecutions of peoples of other religions, notably Christians living in his kingdom. He was also known as Zur'ah in the Arab traditions.

Habesha peoples
Habesha peoples (Ge'ez: ሐበሠተ; Amharic: ሐበሻ; Tigrinya: ሓበሻ; commonly used exonym: Abyssinians) is an ethnic or pan-ethnic identifier that has historically been applied to Semitic-speaking, predominantly Oriental Orthodox Christian peoples native to the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea between Asmara and Addis Ababa (i.e. the modern-day Amhara, Tigrayan, Tigrinya peoples) and this usage remains common today. The term is also used in varying degrees of inclusion and exclusion of other groups.
Fields Avenue (Angeles City)
Fields Avenue is a major street running through Balibago area of Angeles City in the Philippines. It is the center of the red light district and the bar scene of the biggest entertainment district of the Philippines.

The name derives from the common military practice of naming roads adjacent to airfields as "Field" Street or "Field avenue". Originally the name referred to the Clark Air Base and was "Clark Field Avenue". The name evolved to become Fields Avenue.

Balibago
Balibago is a barangay of Angeles City, Philippines. It is located around 50 miles north of the nation's capital, Manila. Within its border to the former U.S. Clark Air Base. Balibago has been described as "the entertainment district of Angeles City", as well as being a red-light district.

Balibago has a vibrant night life, with a number of fine restaurants, shopping malls and a casino along the stretch of McArthur Highway. Fields Avenue, also known as Walking Street, has the "main bar strip" in Balibago. From the crossing of McArthur Highway, Fields Avenue extends into the Clark Perimeter Road (Friendship Road), where gogo bars and hostess bars are located. Despite the practice being illegal in the Philippines, prostitution is also known to exist on the Fields Avenue strip.
2010 World Junior Baseball Championship
The 2010 World Junior Baseball Championship was an international baseball competition being held at the Port Arthur Stadium and Central Ball Park in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada from July 23 to August 1, 2010.

U-18 Baseball World Cup
The U-18 Baseball World Cup is the 18-and-under baseball world championship sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and its successor, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and was first held in 1981 in the United States. Because it is a world championship, the results of the U-18 Baseball World Cup affect the WBSC World Rankings.

Several players who have participated in the U-18 Baseball World Cup have gone on to stardom at the professional level, including Japan's Yu Darvish, USA's Clayton Kershaw, Francisco Lindor and Buster Posey, and Cuba's Yasiel Puig and Aroldis Chapman, among many others.

Prior to 2010, the IBAF organized the World Junior Baseball Championship. The WBSC was created in 2013 when the IBAF merged with the International Softball Federation.
Cecil C. Rousseau
Cecil Clyde Rousseau, Jr. (January 13, 1938 Philadelphia - April 10, 2020 Memphis) was a mathematician and author who specialized in graph theory and combinatorics.  He was a professor at The University of Memphis starting in 1970 until retiring in 2008, and was involved with USAMO in many capacities, including serving as chair.

Rousseau received his Ph.D. in Physics in 1968 from Texas A&M University.

He has an Erdős number of 1, and is Erdős' 5th most common co-author, with 35 joint papers. He also frequently collaborated with Memphis faculty Ralph Faudree and Dick Schelp.

In 2012, Rousseau received the Paul Erdős Award from the World Federation of National Mathematics Competitions.

To his students and colleagues, he was known affectionately as C²R.

Richard Schelp
Richard H. Schelp (April 21, 1936, Kansas City, Missouri, United States – November 29, 2010, Memphis, Tennessee, USA) was an American mathematician.

Schelp received his bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics from the University of Central Missouri and his master's degree and doctorate in mathematics from Kansas State University. The adviser from his thesis was Richard Joseph Greechie.
He was an associate mathematician and missile scientist at Johns Hopkins University for five years. He then became an instructor of mathematics at Kansas State University for four years. Finally in 1970 he became a professor of mathematics in the Department of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Memphis. He retired in 2001.

Schelp, an Erdős number one mathematician, was the fourth most frequent scholarly collaborator with Paul Erdős. He also collaborated on research with another top ten most frequent Erdős collaborator, Ralph Faudree, who was based at the University of Memphis as well.
Josie Lawrence
Josie Lawrence (born Wendy Lawrence; 6 June 1959) is an English actress and comedian. She is best known for her work with the Comedy Store Players improvisational troupe, the television series Whose Line Is It Anyway? and as Manda Best in EastEnders.

Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Birmingham Repertory Theatre, commonly called Birmingham Rep or just The Rep, is a producing theatre based on Centenary Square in Birmingham, England. Founded by Barry Jackson, it is the longest-established of Britain's building-based theatre companies and one of its most consistently innovative.

Today The Rep produces a wide range of drama in its three auditoria (825 seats, 300 seats, and 140 seats), much of which goes on to tour nationally and internationally. The company retains its commitment to new writing and in the five years to 2013 commissioned and produced 130 new plays.

The company's former home, now known as "The Old Rep", is still in use as a theatre.
Naboløs
Naboløs (literally "Without Neighbours")  is a short street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. All six properties in the street date from the rebuilding of the city in the years after the Copenhagen Fire of 1795 and have been added to the Danish registry of protected buildings and places. Together with Hyskenstræde it provides a direct link between the shopping street Strøget and the metro station at Gammel Strand.

Gammel Strand
Gammel Strand (modern Danish for "old beach"; originally meant "the old shoreline", i.e. prior to land reclamations) is a street and public square in central Copenhagen, Denmark. On the south side it borders on the narrow Slotsholmens Canal while the north side is lined by a row of brightly coloured houses from the 18th and 19th century. Across the canal, Thorvaldsens Museum and Christiansborg Palace are seen on the island Slotsholmen.

The art gallery Kunstforeningen and the Ministry of Culture are the most notable institutions facing the street.
Joe Gordon (musician)
Joseph Henry Gordon (May 15, 1928 – November 4, 1963) was an American jazz trumpeter.

He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. H is first professional gigs were in Boston in 1947; he played with Georgie Auld, Charlie Mariano, Lionel Hampton, Charlie Parker (1952–55 intermittently), Art Blakey (1954), and Don Redman.

In 1956 he toured the Middle East with Dizzy Gillespie's big band; he was a soloist on "A Night in Tunisia". Following this he played with Horace Silver.

After moving to Los Angeles, he recorded with Barney Kessel, Benny Carter, Harold Land, Shelly Manne (1958–60) and Dexter Gordon.  He recorded as a bandleader for two sessions, and appeared on one recording with Thelonious Monk.

He has an uncredited role playing in Paul Horn's jazz band in the film Night Tide.

He died in Santa Monica, California, in a house fire on November 4, 1963.

Paul Horn (musician)
Paul Horn (March 17, 1930 – June 29, 2014) was an American flautist, saxophonist, composer and producer. He became a pioneer of world and new age music with his 1969 album Inside. He received five Grammy nominations between 1965 and 1999, including three nominations in 1965.
MEX (windowing system)
mex (multiple exposure) is a windowing system created by Silicon Graphics, used on 68k-based IRIS systems and early IRIS 4D systems. Mex was originally loaded over a network through the use of GL1 routines kept on a remote host machine, usually a VAX. When the IRIS 1400 workstation and GL2-W (IRIX) were introduced, mex was allowed to run locally.  Mex was used in IRIX from the GL2-W2.1.0 release to the 4D1-2.3 release.

With the introduction of 4D1-3.0 (IRIX 3.0), and the complete migration to MIPS processors, support for the GL / GL2 powered mex ended in the late 1980s, replaced by Sun Microsystems' NeWS and the 4Sight window manager.

IRIS GL
IRIS GL (Integrated Raster Imaging System Graphics Library) is a proprietary graphics API created by Silicon Graphics (SGI) in the early 1980s for producing 2D and 3D computer graphics on their IRIX-based IRIS graphical workstations. Later SGI removed their proprietary code, reworked various system calls, and released IRIS GL as the industry standard OpenGL.
BootX (Apple)
BootX is a software-based bootloader designed and developed by Apple Inc. for use on the company's Macintosh (now Mac) computer range. BootX is used to prepare the computer for use, by loading all required device drivers and then starting-up Mac OS X by booting the kernel on all PowerPC Macs running Mac OS X.

The Intel-based Macs introduced in 2006 have a Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) ROM, and use a UEFI-based bootloader named boot.efi rather than BootX.

The program is freely available as part of the Darwin operating system under the open-source Apple Public Source License.

Darwin (operating system)
Darwin is the core Unix-like operating system of macOS, iOS, watchOS, tvOS, iPadOS, audioOS, visionOS, and bridgeOS. It previously existed as an independent open-source operating system, first released by Apple in 2000. It is composed of code derived from NeXTSTEP, FreeBSD and other BSD operating systems, Mach, and other free software projects' code, as well as code developed by Apple. Darwin's unofficial mascot is Hexley the Platypus.

Darwin is mostly POSIX-compatible, but has never, by itself, been certified as compatible with any version of POSIX. Starting with Leopard, macOS has been certified as compatible with the Single UNIX Specification version 3 (SUSv3).
Cavernous liver hemangioma
A cavernous liver hemangioma or hepatic hemangioma is a benign tumor of the liver composed of large vascular spaces lined by monolayer hepatic endothelial cells. It is the most common benign liver tumour, and is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally on radiological imaging or during laparotomy for other intra-abdominal issues. Liver hemangiomas are thought to be congenital in origin with an incidence rate of 0.4 – 7.3% as reported in autopsy series.

Several subtypes exist, including the giant hepatic haemangioma (>10cm), which can cause significant complications.

Thrombocytopenia
In hematology, thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets (also known as thrombocytes) in the blood. Low levels of platelets in turn may lead to prolonged or excessive bleeding.  It is the most common coagulation disorder among intensive care patients and is seen in a fifth of medical patients and a third of surgical patients.

A normal human platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets/microliter (μL) of blood. Values outside this range do not necessarily indicate disease. One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known).
John Wallace (Scottish politician)
Sir John Wallace (1 July 1868 – 12 April 1949) was a Scottish Liberal Party and National Liberal Party politician.

He was elected at the 1918 general election as Coalition Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Dunfermline Burghs. However, when sought re-election as a National Liberal at the 1922 general election, he lost the seat by only 201 votes to the Labour Party candidate William Watson.

Wallace stood again at the 1923 general election, this time as a Liberal, but Watson increased his majority. He did not stand in the 1924 or in 1929 elections, but contested the seat again at the 1931 general election, this time as a Liberal National. He won the seat with a comfortable majority of 4,616 votes, and held it until his defeat at the 1935 general election. He did not stand for Parliament again.

He was knighted in the New Year Honours 1935, for "political and public services". His son, Ian Wallace, achieved fame as an opera and concert singer and broadcaster.

National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)
The National Liberal Party was a liberal political party in the United Kingdom from 1922 to 1923. It was created as a formal party organisation for those Liberals, led by Prime Minister David Lloyd George, who supported the Coalition Government (1918–22) and subsequently a revival of the Coalition, after it ceased holding office. It was officially a breakaway from the Liberal Party. The National Liberals ceased to exist in 1923 when Lloyd George agreed to a merger with the Liberal Party.
1950 Albanian Cup
1950 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the fourth season of Albania's annual cup competition. It began in spring 1950 with the First Round and ended in May 1950 with the Final match. Partizani were the defending champions, having won their second Albanian Cup last season. The cup was won by Dinamo Tirana.

The rounds were played in a one-legged format. If the number of goals was equal, the match was decided by extra time and a penalty shootout, if necessary.

1949 Albanian Cup
1949 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the third season of Albania's annual cup competition. It began in March 1949 with the First Round and ended in May 1949 with the Final match. Partizani were the defending champions, having won their first Albanian Cup last season. The 1949 cup was won by KF Partizani.

The rounds were played in a one-legged format. If the number of goals was equal, the match was decided by extra time and a penalty shootout, if necessary.
Municipality of Nazarje
The Municipality of Nazarje (pronounced [ˈnaːzaɾjɛ]; Slovene: Občina Nazarje) is a municipality in Slovenia. It lies along the Dreta River. The seat of the municipality is the town of Nazarje. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria and it is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The municipality was established on 3 October 1994, when the former larger Municipality of Mozirje was subdivided into the municipalities of Gornji Grad, Ljubno, Luče, Mozirje, and Nazarje. On 6 August 1998 the settlement of Prihova was transferred from the Municipality of Mozirje to the Municipality of Nazarje.

Municipality of Luče
The Municipality of Luče (pronounced [ˈluːtʃɛ], Slovene: Občina Luče) is a municipality in northern Slovenia. It gets its name from the largest settlement and administrative seat of the municipality, Luče.
2014 ConIFA World Football Cup
The 2014 ConIFA World Football Cup was the first edition of the ConIFA World Football Cup, an international football tournament for states, minorities, stateless peoples and regions unaffiliated with FIFA organised by ConIFA and a successor of Viva World Cup, last held in 2012. The tournament was hosted by FA Sápmi in the Sápmi region, with all games held in the city of Östersund in Sweden.

CONIFA World Football Cup
The CONIFA World Football Cup is an international football tournament organized by CONIFA, an umbrella association for states, minorities, stateless peoples and regions unaffiliated with FIFA, which has been held every two years since 2014. This tournament is the successor of the Viva World Cup which was held from 2006 to 2012.
Foreign Service officer
A Foreign Service officer (FSO) is a commissioned member of the United States Foreign Service. FSOs formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States. They spend most of their careers overseas as members of U.S. embassies, consulates, and other diplomatic missions, though some receive assignments to serve at combatant commands, Congress, and educational institutions such as the various U.S. service academies.

As of 2021, there were over 8,000 FSOs.

American Foreign Service Association
The American Foreign Service Association (AFSA), established in 1924, is the professional association of the United States Foreign Service. With over 15,000 due-paying members, AFSA represents 28,000 active and retired Foreign Service employees of the Department of State and Agency for International Development (AID), as well as smaller groups in the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), Foreign Commercial Service (FCS), and International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB).
HSC-14
Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron 14 (HSC-14) "Chargers" is an aviation unit of the United States Navy based at Naval Air Station North Island, California. HSC-14 was established as Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron 14 (HS-14) in 1984 and was redesignated HSC-14 in 2013. The squadron is equipped with the Sikorsky MH-60S Seahawk.

USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)
USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) is the fifth Nimitz-class aircraft carrier in the United States Navy. She is the third Navy ship to have been named after the former president Abraham Lincoln. Her home port is NAS North Island, San Diego, California; she is a member of the United States Pacific Fleet. She is administratively responsible to Commander, Naval Air Forces Pacific, and operationally serves as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 3 and host to Carrier Air Wing Nine. She was returned to the fleet on 12 May 2017, marking the successful completion of her Refueling and Complex Overhaul (RCOH) carried out at Newport News Shipyard.
Toluidine red
Toluidine red is an organic compound with the formula C10H6(OH)(N2C6H3(NO2)CH3).  A dark red solid, the compound is classified as a azo dye consisting of a 2-naphthol group linked to a 2-nitro-4-methylphenyl substituent.   Toluidine red is a traditional pigment, found in oil paints.  Although once popular, it suffers as a pigment owing to "insufficient lightfastness and bleeding when incorporated into a paint system."

2-Naphthol
2-Naphthol, or β-naphthol, is a fluorescent colorless (or occasionally yellow) crystalline solid with the formula C10H7OH. It is an isomer of 1-naphthol, differing by the location of the hydroxyl group on the naphthalene ring. The naphthols are naphthalene homologues of phenol, but more reactive. Both isomers are soluble in simple alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. 2-Naphthol is a widely used intermediate for the production of dyes and other compounds.