hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (Italian: [ˈɔskar luˈiːdʒi ˈskalfaro]; 9 September 1918 – 29 January 2012) was an Italian politician who served as the president of Italy from 1992 to 1999. A member of Christian Democracy (DC), he became an independent politician after the DC's dissolution in 1992, and was close to the centre-left Democratic Party when it was founded in 2007. Before his election to the Presidency, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Turin for 44 years from 1948 to 1992.

Rita Levi-Montalcini
Rita Levi-Montalcini  (born Rita Levi; 22 April 1909 – 30 December 2012) was an Italian neurobiologist. She was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with colleague Stanley Cohen for the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF).

From 2001 until her death, she also served in the Italian Senate as a senator for life. This honor was given due to her significant scientific contributions. On 22 April 2009, she became the first Nobel laureate to reach the age of 100, and the event was feted with a party at Rome's City Hall.
Operational historian
In manufacturing, an operational historian is a time-series database application that is developed for operational process data. Historian software is often embedded or used in conjunction with standard DCS and PLC control systems to provide enhanced data capture, validation, compression, and aggregation capabilities. Historians have been deployed in almost every industry and contribute to functions such as supervisory control, performance monitoring, quality assurance, and, more recently, machine learning applications which can learn from vast quantities of historical data.

These systems were originally developed to capture instrumentation and control data, which led many to use the term "tag" for a stream of process data, referring to the physical "tags" which had been placed on instrumentation for manually capturing data. Raw data may be accessed via OPC HDA, SQL, or REST API interfaces.

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
52nd Fighter Squadron
The 52nd Fighter Squadron is an active reserve unit of the United States Air Force, assigned to the 944th Operations Group, 944th Fighter Wing. Stationed at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, the squadron was most recently activated on 6 August 2021. Previously, it was with the Western Air Defense Force, based at Hamilton Air Force Base, California until its inactivation on 8 June 1951.

Boeing P-26 Peashooter
The Boeing P-26 "Peashooter" is the first American production all-metal fighter aircraft and the first pursuit monoplane to enter squadron service with the United States Army Air Corps. Designed and built by Boeing, the prototype first flew in 1932, and the type was still in use with the U.S. Army Air Corps as late as 1941 in the Philippines. There are two surviving Peashooters and three reproductions on display, with two more under construction.
Fama–French three-factor model
In asset pricing and portfolio management, the Fama–French three-factor model is a statistical model designed in 1992 by Eugene Fama and Kenneth French to describe stock returns. Fama and French were colleagues at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, where Fama still works. In 2013, Fama shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his empirical analysis of asset prices. The three factors are:

Market excess return,

Outperformance of small versus big companies, and

Outperformance of high book/market versus low book/market companies

There is academic debate about the last two factors.

Asset pricing
In financial economics, asset pricing refers to the formal development of the  principles used in pricing, together with the resultant models. The treatment inheres the interrelated paradigms of general equilibrium asset pricing and rational asset pricing, the latter corresponding to risk neutral pricing.

Investment theory, which is near synonymous, encompasses the body of knowledge used to support the decision-making process of choosing investments, and the asset pricing models are then applied in determining the asset-specific required rate of return on the investment in question, and for hedging.
Järfälla Municipality
Järfälla Municipality (Swedish: Järfälla kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden, and is considered a suburb of Stockholm. Its seat is located in Jakobsberg, part of the Stockholm urban area.

Järfälla has not been amalgamated with other municipalities in the two local government reforms carried out during the 20th century. The Stäket area in the north was, however, added in 1952.

It is located about 20 km north of Stockholm, with a part situated by the shore of Lake Mälaren. It takes about 20 minutes to reach downtown Stockholm by Stockholm commuter rail.

Statistics Sweden
Statistics Sweden (Swedish: Statistiska centralbyrån [staˈtɪ̌sːtɪska sɛnˈtrɑ̂ːlˌbyːrɔn] ⓘ; SCB, lit. 'Central Bureau of Statistics') is the Swedish government agency operating under the Ministry of Finance and responsible for producing official statistics for decision-making, debate and research. The agency's responsibilities include:

developing, producing and disseminating statistics;

active participation in international statistical cooperation;

coordination and support of the Swedish system for official statistics, which includes 26 authorities responsible for official statistics in their areas of expertise.

National statistics in Sweden date back to 1686 when the parishes of the Church of Sweden were ordered to start keeping records on the population. SCB's predecessor, the Tabellverket ("office for tabulation"), was set up in 1749, and the current name was adopted in 1858.
Sperm guidance
Sperm guidance is the process by which sperm cells (spermatozoa) are directed to the oocyte (egg) for the aim of fertilization. In the case of marine invertebrates the guidance is done by chemotaxis. In the case of mammals, it appears to be done by  chemotaxis, thermotaxis and rheotaxis.

Hydrozoa
Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and ζώα (zóa) 'animals') is a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the colonial species can be large, and in some cases the specialized individual animals cannot survive outside the colony. A few genera within this class live in freshwater habitats. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals, which also belong to the phylum Cnidaria.

Some examples of hydrozoans are the freshwater jelly (Craspedacusta sowerbyi), freshwater polyps (Hydra), Obelia, Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis), chondrophores (Porpitidae), and pink-hearted hydroids (Tubularia).
Hosgri Fault
The Hosgri Fault (also Hosgri Fault Zone, San Gregorio-Hosgri Fault Zone) is an offshore fault zone located near the Central Coast of California in San Luis Obispo County. The main fault stretches for about 87 miles (140 km), and is located nearest to the coastal communities of Cambria, San Simeon, Morro Bay, Baywood Park-Los Osos and Avila Beach. The fault system (including its branches) is some 260 mi (420 km) long, and is a right-lateral strand of the San Andreas Fault system.

Morro Bay, California
Morro Bay (Morro, Spanish for "Hill") is a seaside city in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. Located on the Central Coast of California, the city's population was 10,757 as of the 2020 census, up from 10,234 at the 2010 census. The town overlooks Morro Bay, a natural embayment with an all-weather, small-craft, commercial and recreational harbor.
Lasmid
Ladsmid Nathaniel Owusu (born 24 May 1999), known professionally as Lasmid (formerly Charger), is a Ghanaian musician, rapper and songwriter from Takoradi in the Western Region of the Republic of Ghana. He was crowned winner of the MTN Hitmaker Season 8. He is best known for his 2022 single "Friday Night", which went viral on TikTok and subsequently topped several music charts in Ghana.

Mr Drew
Andrew Nii Commey Otoo (born 10 June 1996) known by the stage name Mr Drew is a Ghanaian Highlife and Afrobeats musician and dancer. In 2021, he won the Best New Artist award at both Vodafone Ghana Music Awards and 3Music Awards.
Frogner
Frogner is a residential and retail borough in the West End of Oslo, Norway, with a population of 59,269 as of 2020. In addition to the original Frogner, the borough incorporates Bygdøy, Uranienborg and Majorstuen. The borough is named after Frogner Manor, and includes Frogner Park.  The borough has the highest real estate prices in Norway.

Norwegian Museum of Cultural History
Norsk Folkemuseum (Norwegian Museum of Cultural History), at Bygdøy, Oslo, Norway, is a museum of cultural history with extensive collections of artifacts from all social groups and all regions of the country. It also incorporates a large open-air museum with more than 150 buildings, relocated from towns and rural districts.

The Norwegian Museum of Cultural History is situated on the Bygdøy peninsula near several other museums, including the Viking Ship Museum; the Fram Museum; the Kon-Tiki Museum; and the Norwegian Maritime Museum.
2008 in spaceflight
The year 2008 contained several significant events in spaceflight, including the first flyby of Mercury by a spacecraft since 1975, the discovery of water ice on Mars by the Phoenix spacecraft, which landed in May, the first Chinese spacewalk in September, the launch of the first Indian Lunar probe in October, and the first successful flight of a privately developed orbital launch vehicle by SpaceX's Falcon 1.

ALV X-1
ALV X-1 was the first and only flight of the ATK Launch Vehicle (ALV) sounding rocket developed by Alliant Techsystems. The launch occurred from LP-0B at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. This mission carried the SOAREX-VI and Hy-BoLT experiments as payloads when it launched at 09:10 GMT on August 22, 2008. The vehicle was terminated 20 seconds into flight after veering too far off course.
Haeco-CSG
The Haeco-CSG or Holzer Audio Engineering-Compatible Stereo Generator system was an electronic analog audio signal processing device developed by Howard Holzer, Chief Engineer at A&M Records in Hollywood, California.

His company, Holzer Audio Engineering, developed the system in the 1960s during the years of transition from mono to stereophonic sound in popular music recording.  The process was used primarily from about 1968 until 1970 but still exists on a significant number of recordings made during the time.

Stereophonic sound
Stereophonic sound, commonly shortened to stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configuration of two loudspeakers (or stereo headphones) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from various directions, as in natural hearing.

Because the multi-dimensional perspective is the crucial aspect, the term stereophonic also applies to systems with more than two channels or speakers, such as quadraphonic and surround sound. Binaural sound systems are also stereophonic.

Stereo sound has been in common use since the 1970s in entertainment media such as broadcast radio, recorded music, television, video cameras, cinema, computer audio, and the Internet.
2012 Orange Open Guadeloupe
The 2012 Orange Open Guadeloupe was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Le Gosier, Guadeloupe between 26 March – 1 April 2012.

2012 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2012 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and a total of 148 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat
"Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, which was released on the second side of his seventh studio album Blonde on Blonde (1966). The song was written by Dylan, and produced by Bob Johnston. Dylan has denied that the song references any specific individual, although critics have speculated that it refers to Edie Sedgwick, whom Dylan had spent time with in December 1965.

After several takes on January 25 and 27, 1966,  in New York, the final version was finally achieved in the early hours of March 10 in Nashville. Released as a single in March 1967, "Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat" peaked at number 81 on the American Billboard Hot 100 chart in June 1967. Critics have not rated the song amongst Dylan's best, although the song's humor has been praised. From 1966 to 2013, Dylan played the song live in concert over 500 times.

Robert Shelton (critic)
Robert Shelton, born Robert Shapiro (June 28, 1926, Chicago, Illinois, United States –  December 11, 1995, Brighton, England) was a music and film critic.

Shelton helped to launch the career of a then-unknown 20-year-old Bob Dylan. In 1961, Dylan was performing at Gerdes Folk City in the West Village, one of the best-known folk venues in New York, opening for the bluegrass act the Greenbriar Boys. Shelton's positive review in The New York Times brought crucial publicity to Dylan and led to a Columbia recording contract. Shelton had previously noted Dylan in a review for The New York Times of WRVR's live twelve-hour Hootenanny, July 29, 1961, at Riverside Church in Morningside Heights, Manhattan. "Among the newer promising talents deserving mention are a 20-year-old latter-day Guthrie disciple named Bob Dylan, with a curiously arresting mumbling, country-steeped manner." This was Dylan's first live radio performance.
Music of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean music is heavily reliant on the use of instruments such as the mbira, Ngoma drums and hosho.  Their music symbolizes much more than a simple rhythm, as the folk and pop style styled music was used as a symbol of hope for Zimbabweans looking to gain independence from Rhodesia. Music has played a significant role in the history of Zimbabwe, from a vital role in the traditional Bira ceremony used to call on ancestral spirits, to protest songs during the struggle for independence. The community in Zimbabwe used music to voice their resistance to their oppression, as one of the only weapons they had available to fight back with. In the 1980s, the Music of Zimbabwe was at the centre of the African Music scene thanks to genres such as Sungura and Jit. However, several performers were banned by state TV and radio leading to the closure of several music venues.

Banning Eyre
Banning Eyre is an American guitarist, musicologist, writer, photographer, and producer specializing in the music of Africa. He has produced the Peabody Award-winning radio show Afropop Worldwide and is author of several books on African music including AFROPOP! An Illustrated Guide to Contemporary African Music (with Sean Barlow), In Griot Time, An American Guitarist in Mali, Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Music That Made Zimbabwe, the instructional guide Guitar Atlas: Africa, and a report on censorship in Zimbabwe for the Danish human rights organization Freemuse entitled Playing With Fire, Fear and Self-Censorship in Zimbabwean Music.

He also contributed to the Cambridge Companion series volume on the guitar.

Eyre lives in Brooklyn, New York.
Rail transport in Tunisia
Rail Transport in Tunisia is provided by:

Tunisian Railway National Company (SNCFT)

Société des transports de Tunis, the manager of passenger trains including Tunis Metro, TGM, and Réseau Ferroviaire Rapide around Tunis

Sahel Metro, company and electric train line Sousse-Monastir-Mahdia

Réseau Ferroviaire Rapide
The Réseau Ferroviaire Rapide (English: Rapid Rail Network, Arabic: الشبكة الحديدية السريعة بتونس; commonly abbreviated RFR) is a suburban rail network serving the metropolitan area of Tunis, the capital and largest city of Tunisia. Opened in 2012, the 40-kilometre long network consists of three lines and serves 32 stations. It is operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Tunisiens (SNCFT), Tunisia's national railway authority.
Louis Pilot
Louis Pilot (11 November 1940 – 16 April 2016) was a Luxembourgish football player and manager.

In November 2003, to celebrate UEFA's jubilee, he was selected by the Luxembourg Football Federation as the country's Golden Player - the greatest player of the last 50 years.

UEFA Jubilee Awards
To celebrate the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)'s 50th anniversary in 2004, each of its member associations was asked by UEFA to choose one of its own players as the single most outstanding player of the past 50 years (1954–2003).
Outline of Botswana
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Botswana:

Botswana – a landlocked sovereign country located in Southern Africa. Citizens of Botswana are Batswana (singular: Motswana), regardless of ethnicity. Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966. It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west, Zambia to the north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast. The economy, closely tied to South Africa's, is dominated by mining (especially diamonds), tourism, and cattle.

Geography of Botswana
Botswana is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, north of South Africa.  Botswana occupies an area of 581,730 square kilometres (224,610 mi2), of which 566,730 km2 (218,820 mi2) are land. Botswana has land boundaries of combined length 4,347.15 kilometres (2,701.19 mi), of which the constituent boundaries are shared with Namibia, for 1,544 km (959 mi); South Africa 1,969 km (1,223 mi); Zimbabwe, 834 km (518 mi) and Zambia, 0.15 km (0.093 mi). Much of the population of Botswana is concentrated in the eastern part of the country.

Sunshine totals are high all year round although winter is the sunniest period. The whole country is windy and dusty during the dry season.
The Muppets Go to the Movies
The Muppets Go to the Movies is a one-hour television special starring Jim Henson's Muppets. It first aired May 20, 1981 on ABC as promotion for The Great Muppet Caper, which was released in the United States a month later.

Statler and Waldorf
Statler and Waldorf are a pair of Muppet characters from the sketch comedy television series The Muppet Show, best known for their overly negative opinions and their tendency to heckle people. The two elderly men first appeared in The Muppet Show: Sex and Violence in 1975, where they were portrayed as older men pondering the ends of their golden years. It wasn't until one year later on The Muppet Show that they consistently jeered the entirety of the cast and their performances from their box seats.

Created by Jim Henson, the characters have been performed by numerous puppeteers, including Henson, in a variety of films and television productions within the Muppet franchise. Statler and Waldorf are named after two landmark New York City hotels, the Statler Hilton and the Waldorf-Astoria (in turn named after Ellsworth Milton Statler and the hometown of the Astor family).
Outline of Bangladesh
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Bangladesh:

Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world and among the most densely populated with a population of over 171 million within an area of 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi). Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the north, west, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast. It has a coastline along the Bay of Bengal to its south and is separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim to its north. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's political, financial, and cultural centre. Chittagong is the second-largest city and the busiest port of the country.

BAF Shaheen Colleges
BAF Shaheen College (Bengali: বিএএফ শাহীন কলেজ) is the general name of several civilian secondary and higher secondary educational institutions run by the Bangladesh Air Force (BAF).  These educational institutions are located in different BAF bases.
Basketball Champions League Americas All-Star Five
The Basketball Champions League Americas All-Star Five (Spanish: Quinteto Ideal) is an annual honour awarded by the Basketball Champions League Americas (BCLA) to the five most outstanding players of a given season. The selection is composed of five players and was first made after the 2022–23 season.

Basketball Champions League Americas
The Basketball Champions League Americas (BCLA) (Spanish: Liga de Campeones de Baloncesto de las Américas, Portuguese: Liga dos Campeões de Basquetebol das Américas) is Pan-America's premier men's basketball club competition. Founded in 2019, it replaced the FIBA Americas League as the highest level league in the Americas. The winner of each year's competition qualifies to the annual FIBA Intercontinental Cup.

Each season exists of 12 teams that qualify through their domestic leagues and the league is typically organized between December and April of the following calendar year.

Thus far the league has been won by four different teams. Argentine team Quimsa and Brazilian team Flamengo are the only teams to win the championship twice.
2,6-Dimethoxyphenethylamine
2,6-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2,6-DMPEA), also known as DMPEA-5, is a drug of the phenethylamine family related to the psychedelic drug mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine). It is one of the positional isomers of dimethoxyphenethylamine.

Its in-vitro metabolism and effects on cat behavior have been described. The drug showed no activity as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or releasing agent in vitro. It is relatively unaffected by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and is said to be behaviorally inactive in animals. The effects of 2,6-DMPEA in humans have not been reported and are unknown.

2,6-DMPEA was first described in the scientific literature by at least 1962. It was included as an entry in Alexander Shulgin's 2011 book The Shulgin Index, Volume One: Psychedelic Phenethylamines and Related Compounds.

Notable derivatives of 2,6-DMPEA include the psychedelic and related drugs Ψ-2C-T-4 (psi-2C-T-4), ψ-DOM (psi-DOM), and CT-5172.

CT-5172
CT-5172, also known as 2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-dichlorophenethylamine, is a claimed hallucinogen of the phenethylamine family. It is an analogue of the serotonergic psychedelics mescaline and the 2C series but with an unusual substitution pattern on the benzene ring that includes methoxy groups at the 2 and 6 positions and chlorine atoms at the 3 and 5 positions. The drug was reported to have significant but relatively weak mescaline-like effects in cats. CT-5172 was first described in the scientific literature by 1969. Various related analogues, such as CT-5126 and CT-4719, have also been described. CT-5172 and related compounds were developed at the Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique (CT; Therapeutic Chemistry Laboratory) of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France.