hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South East Asian Mathematics Competition
The South East Asian Mathematics Competition (SEAMC) is an annual three-day non-profit mathematics competition for Southeast Asian students at different grade levels. It is a qualifying competition for invitation to the World Mathematics Championships.

Teams have participated from China, Thailand, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Nepal.

Host venue locations of the SEAMC changes annually. An online version was held due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Garden International School
Garden International School (GIS) is a private, co-educational international school in Mont Kiara,
Segambut, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Founded in 1951, GIS is one of the oldest and most prestigious private schools in Malaysia. GIS is part of the Taylor's Education Group and a member of the Federation of British International Schools in Asia (FOBISIA).

GIS provides British-based education for students ages 3 to 18 years old, with an Early Years Centre (age 3–5), Primary School (age 5–11) and Secondary School (age 11–18). GIS is one of the biggest private co-educational schools in Malaysia, with around 2,000 students.

Accredited by the Council of International Schools, GIS offers the British National Curriculum, including providing IGCSE and A Levels examinations.
Rosickýite
Rosickyite is a rare native element mineral that is a polymorph of sulfur. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system and is a high temperature, high density polymorph. It occurs as soft, colorless to pale yellow crystals and efflorescences.

It was first described in 1930 for an occurrence in Havirna, near Letovice, Moravia, Czech Republic.  It was named for Vojtĕch Rosický (1880–1942), of Masaryk University, Brno.

Rosickyite occurs as in Death Valley within an evaporite layer produced by a microbial community. The otherwise unstable polymorph was produced and stabilized within a cyanobacteria dominated layer.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
Indicator vector
In mathematics, the indicator vector, characteristic vector, or incidence vector of a subset T of a set S is the vector  such that  if  and  if

If S is countable and its elements are numbered so that , then  where  if  and  if

To put it more simply, the indicator vector of T is a vector with one element for each element in S, with that element being one if the corresponding element of S is in T, and zero if it is not.

An indicator vector is a special (countable) case of an indicator function.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Old Javanese
Old Javanese or Kawi is an Austronesian language and the oldest attested phase of the Javanese language. It was natively spoken in the central and eastern part of Java Island, what is now Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java Provinces, Indonesia. 
As a literary language, Kawi was used across Java and on the islands of Madura, Bali, and Lombok.

Eugenius Uhlenbeck
Eugenius Marius ('Bob') Uhlenbeck (The Hague (Den Haag), 9 August 1913 – Voorhout, 27 May 2003) was a Dutch linguist and Indologist. He was a professor in Javanese at Leiden University. In 1967 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Rite Now
Rite Now is the eighteenth solo album by Julian Cope, released in 2002. It is also the third album in the Rite series following the earlier albums Rite (1992) and Rite² (1997).

Mostly instrumental, the album features four "meditational funk-a-thons", as Cope's website describes them, combining funky grooves and krautrock rhythms with wah-wah guitars and "cosmic" synthesizers.

Rite²
Rite² is an ambient music album by Julian Cope, released in 1997. It is technically Cope's fourteenth solo album, but is also the follow-up to the earlier album Rite (released in 1992 and credited to "Julian Cope & Donald Ross Skinner")  and is the second in the Rite series.

For Rite², Cope collaborated extensively with synthesizer player Thighpaulsandra (Coil, Spiritualized) although the album was credited to Cope alone. The album has been described as a tribute of sorts to Krautrock bands such as Amon Düül II and Tangerine Dream and is based on the sound of the Mellotron and the wah-wah guitar, although it also employs miscellaneous tone generators the ARP 2600 synthesizer and the Hammond B3 organ, as well as vocal chants.

Rite² was the debut release on Cope's Head Heritage label, which would be the home of almost all of his future recordings.
Bridget Mutuma
Bridget K. Mutuma is a researcher in chemistry and material sciences at Nairobi University in Kenya.  She focuses on developing nanomaterials associated with sensors. She is a Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences.

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
Software categories
Software categories are groups of software. They allow software to be understood in terms of those categories, instead of the particularities of each package. Different classification schemes consider different aspects of software.

Executable
In computing, an executable is a resource that a computer can use to control its behavior. As with all information in computing, it is data, but distinct from data that does not imply a flow of control. Terms such as executable code, executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine code and is directly executable at the instruction level of a CPU. A script is also executable although indirectly via an interpreter. Intermediate executable code (such as bytecode) may be interpreted or converted to native code at runtime via just-in-time compilation.
Julian Sprung
Julian Sprung (born 1966) is an American writer on marine aquarium fishkeeping. He is an alumnus of the University of Florida where he studied zoology, graduating in 1988.

Sprung has authored articles in aquarium hobby publications such as Freshwater And Marine Aquarium, Seascope, Advanced Aquarist Online, Aquarium Frontiers, Marine and Reef Aquarium USA, Practical Fishkeeping, Tropical Fish Hobbyist, and Coral. Sprung is one of the authors of The Reef Aquarium 3-volume book series (self-published), and is a frequent lecturer at reef aquarium hobby conventions and gatherings.

In 1991 Sprung, with fellow marine aquarium enthusiast Daniel Ramirez, co-founded the company Two Little Fishies, Inc., a manufacturer of marine aquarium supplements, media, and accessories.

Tropical Fish Hobbyist
Tropical Fish Hobbyist Magazine (abbreviated as TFH Magazine) is a bimonthly magazine for hobbyist keepers of tropical fish, with news and information on a variety of topics concerning freshwater and marine aquariums. The magazine was first published in September 1952. The magazine is based in Neptune City, New Jersey. It is published by TFH Publications, which publishes books relating to the care aquarium fish and pets.
Birds of Prey (Godley & Creme album)
Birds of Prey is the fifth studio album by the English duo Godley & Creme, released on 5 April 1983 by Polydor Records. It was recorded at Lymehouse Studios in Leatherhead, Surrey and engineered and re-mixed at Nigel Gray's Surrey Sound Studios.

Despite the success of their previous studio album Ismism (1981), Birds of Prey failed to chart, and was their only album not to have charted anywhere. Two singles were released from the album: "Save a Mountain for Me" and "Samson", both of which also failed to chart.

Ismism
Ismism is the fourth studio album by the English duo Godley & Creme, released in October 1981 by Polydor Records. In the US it was released under the name Snack Attack. It was recorded between April–May 1980 at Lymehouse Studios in Leatherhead, Surrey and engineered and re-mixed at Nigel Gray's Surrey Sound Studios.

Ismism peaked at No. 29 on the UK Albums Chart and at No. 28 on the Dutch Albums Chart, making it their best-selling studio album. Three singles were released from the album: "Under Your Thumb", "Wedding Bells" and "Snack Attack", with the first two singles charting within the Top 10 on the UK Singles Chart.

Ismism was reissued on CD in 2004 under Ismism... Plus name (with other Godley & Creme albums) with singles' B-sides as bonus tracks.
Winifred Carney
Maria Winifred "Winnie" Carney (4 December 1887 – 21 November 1943), was an Irish republican, a participant in the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin and, as a trade union secretary, women's suffragist, and socialist party member, a lifelong social and political activist in Belfast. In March 2024, a statue to her was unveiled on the grounds of Belfast City Hall.

Margaret McCoubrey
Margaret McCoubrey (5 January 1880 – 11 April 1956) was a Belfast-based Irish suffragist, pacifist, and an activist in the cooperative and labour movements. Standing for the Belfast Labour Party, she was elected to Belfast City Council in 1920.
Najas ancistrocarpa
Najas ancistrocarpa is a species of aquatic plant in the Hydrocharitaceae family. It grows in fresh water ponds and is a native to Japan (Honshu) and to parts of China (Fujian, Hubei, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang).

Hydrocharitaceae
Hydrocharitaceae is a flowering plant family which includes 14 accepted genera and a total of ca 135 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016). The family holds a number of species of aquatic plants, including tape-grass, the well-known Canadian waterweed, and frogbit.

The family includes both freshwater and marine aquatics. They are found throughout the world in a wide variety of habitats, but are primarily tropical.
2022 ASEAN Club Championship
The 2022 ASEAN Club Championship (simply 2022 ACC) was planned to be the third edition of the ASEAN Club Championship, an international association football competition between domestic champion clubs sides affiliated with the member associations of the ASEAN Football Federation. The tournament was initially scheduled to take place in 2020 but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022 the tournament was postponed and later cancelled due to the ongoing pandemic and the rescheduling of other 2021 competitions (including the 2020 AFF Championship). The tournament was officially cancelled due to the ongoing pandemic.

It was to be the first ASEAN Club Championship  since 2005. Twelve clubs were planned to feature in the competition proper, with prize money for the winners set at about US$500,000.

2020 AFF Championship
The 2020 AFF Championship (officially AFF Suzuki Cup 2020 for sponsorship reasons) was the 13th edition of the AFF Championship, the football championship of nations affiliated to the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF), the 7th and the last edition under the name AFF Suzuki Cup.

The final tournament was originally scheduled to run from 23 November to 31 December 2020. However, the tournament was postponed and rescheduled at least twice due to the COVID-19 pandemic; the tournament was first rescheduled to run from 11 April to 8 May 2021 and the schedule later pushed backed further to 5 December 2021 to 1 January 2022. Singapore was chosen as host of the tournament in a centralised location.

Vietnam were the defending champions, but were eliminated by their rivals, Thailand in the semi-finals. Thailand won the tournament by a 6–2 victory in the two-legged final against Indonesia to secure their sixth title.
Nicholas Urie
Nicholas Urie (born July 29, 1985 in Los Angeles, California) is an American composer of jazz and classical music. Urie teaches jazz composition at the Berklee College of Music.

Urie was a recipient of the first annual ASCAP Young Jazz Composer's Award. Urie left Los Angeles  to study composition with Bob Brookmeyer in Boston MA. A Graduate of the New England Conservatory of Music with both bachelor's and master's degrees, Urie's music has been heard internationally at festivals and concerts in Peru, Syria, Spain, England, Germany, throughout Scandinavia and the United States.

Urie's music has been performed by the Metropole Orchestra, Boston Pops, John Scofield, Kurt Elling, Cory Wong, Bob Brookmeyer, Vince Mendoza, The Spinners, The Scottish National Jazz Orchestra, The Klüvers Big Band, Frank Carlberg, and Dave Samuels.

Vince Mendoza
Vince Mendoza (born November 17, 1961) is an American composer, music arranger and conductor. He debuted as a solo artist in 1989, and is known for his work conducting the Metropole Orkest and WDR Big Band Köln, as well as arranging music for musicians such as John Scofield, Joni Mitchell, Michael Brecker and Björk. Over the course of his career, he has won seven Grammy Awards and one Latin Grammy Award and has been nominated for a total of 38 between the two awards.
Studebaker Gran Turismo Hawk
The Studebaker Gran Turismo Hawk (or GT Hawk) was a grand touring coupe sold by Studebaker motors between 1962 and 1964.  The top of the Studebaker line, it was the final development of the Hawk series that began with the Golden Hawk in 1956.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".
International Federation of Teachers' Associations
The International Federation of Teachers' Associations (IFTA; French: Fédération internationale des associations d'instituteurs, FIAI) was a global union federation representing teachers in primary schools.

The federation was established in 1905, as the International Bureau of Federations of Teachers, the first federation of teachers.  In 1926, at a meeting in Amsterdam, it was reformed as the IFTA.  After World War II, it began working closely with the International Federation of Secondary Teachers (FIPESO).  In 1952, FIPESO, the IFTA and the World Organisation of the Teaching Profession merged to form the World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession.  The IFTA continued as an autonomous section of the new federation.

In 1993, the federation dissolved into the new Education International.

Global union federation
A global union federation (GUF) is an international federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups.  Historically, such federations in the social democratic tradition described as international trade secretariats (ITS), while those in the Christian democratic tradition described themselves as international trade federations.  Equivalent sectoral bodies linked to the World Federation of Trade Unions described themselves as trade union internationals.

Many unions are members of one or more global union federations, relevant to the sectors where they have their members. Individual unions may also be affiliated to a national trade union centre, which in turn can be affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) or the WFTU.
ID3 algorithm
In decision tree learning, ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) is an algorithm invented by Ross Quinlan used to generate a decision tree from a dataset. ID3 is the precursor to the C4.5 algorithm, and is typically used in the machine learning and natural language processing domains.

Feature (machine learning)
In machine learning and pattern recognition, a feature is an individual measurable property or characteristic of a data set. Choosing informative, discriminating, and independent features is crucial to producing effective algorithms for pattern recognition, classification, and regression tasks. Features are usually numeric, but other types such as strings and graphs are used in syntactic pattern recognition, after some pre-processing step such as one-hot encoding. The concept of "features" is related to that of explanatory variables used in statistical techniques such as linear regression.
32 Persei
32 Persei is a single star located 149 light years away from the Sun in the northern constellation of Perseus. It has the Bayer designation of l Persei, while 32 Persei is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.96. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −9 km/s, and is a member of the Sirius supercluster: a stream of stars that share a common motion through space.

This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A3V. It is around 125 million years old with a high rate of spin, showing a projected rotational velocity of 144 km/s. The star has double the mass of the Sun and 1.8 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 21 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,872 K.

Flamsteed designation
A Flamsteed designation is a combination of a number and constellation name that uniquely identifies most naked eye stars in the modern constellations visible from southern England. They are named after John Flamsteed, author of the Historia Coelestis Britannica, the first major star catalogue compiled with the aid of a telescope. Flamsteed’s own catalogue did not include what are now known as Flamsteed numbers, but its listing of stars in each constellation provided the basis for later astronomers to add them.
Tom Campbell (philosopher)
Thomas (Tom) Douglas Campbell (1938–2019) was a Scottish philosopher and jurist. He held academic positions in Scotland and Australia, and was a professorial fellow of the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics (CAPPE) in Canberra.

ANU Law School
The ANU Law School at the Australian National University is the National Law School within the ANU College of Law, Governance & Policy, one of the six academic Colleges of the ANU. It is located in Canberra, the capital of Australia. This provides the School with opportunities to connect with the work of the Parliament of Australia, the High Court of Australia, the departments and agencies of the Federal Government, as well as the local ACT law-making institutions – the Legislative Assembly and the ACT courts.

The ANU Law School is a premier law school in Australia. It is ranked 2nd nationally and equal 21st in the world according to the 2024 THE World University Rankings by Subject.

The current Head of School is Ryan Goss.
Pour le Mérite (film)
Pour le Mérite (original title in French, lit. For Merit) is a 1938 propaganda film produced and directed by Karl Ritter for Nazi Germany. The film follows the story of officers of the Luftstreitkräfte (German Air Force) in the First World War who were later involved in the formation of the Luftwaffe. Pour le Mérite propagates the "stab legend", which blames the German military defeat in World War I on an alleged treason in the homeland. At the same time, Ritter also glorifies the former fighter pilots as heroes of National Socialism.

Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation
The Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation (German: Friedrich-Wilhelm-Murnau-Stiftung [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈmʊʁnaʊ ˈʃtɪftʊŋ]), based in Wiesbaden, was founded in 1966 to preserve and curate a collection of the works of Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau as well as a collection of other German films totaling to about 6,000 produced between 1890 and 1960.
Tucuruí Dam
The Tucuruí Dam (Tucuruí means "grasshopper's water", translated from Tupí language; Portuguese: Tucuruí) is a concrete gravity dam on the Tocantins River located on the Tucuruí County in the State of Pará, Brazil. The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and navigation. It is the first large-scale hydroelectric project in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. The installed capacity of the 25-unit plant is 8,370 megawatts (11,220,000 hp). Phase I construction began in 1980 and ended in 1984 while Phase II began in 1998 and ended in 2010. The dam was featured in the 1985 film The Emerald Forest.

Eletrobras
Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A. (commonly referred to as Eletrobras, Portuguese pronunciation: [eˌlɛtɾoˈbɾas]) is a major Brazilian electric utilities company. The company's headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro.

It is Latin America's biggest power utility company, tenth largest in the world, and is also the fourth largest clean energy company in the world. Eletrobras holds stakes in a number of Brazilian electric companies, so that it generates about 40% and transmits 69% of Brazil's electric supply. The company's generating capacity is about 51,000 MW, mostly in hydroelectric plants. The Brazilian federal government owned 52% stake in Eletrobras until June 2022, the rest of the shares traded on B3. The stock is part of the Ibovespa index. It is also traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market and on the Madrid Stock Exchange.
Ovens and Murray Advertiser
Ovens and Murray Advertiser (ISSN 2200-1344), also published as The Chiltern and Howlong times, Ovens register, and Beechworth and district news, is a weekly English language newspaper published in the town of Beechworth, Victoria, Australia.

Trove
Trove is an Australian online library database owned by the National Library of Australia in which it holds partnerships with source providers National and State Libraries Australia, an aggregator and service which includes full text documents, digital images, bibliographic and holdings data of items which are not available digitally, and a free faceted-search engine as a discovery tool.