hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bahram Mashhoon
Bahram Mashhoon (Persian: بهرام مشحون, born 9 September 1947)  is an Iranian-American theoretical physicist who has contributed to the fields of special and general relativity. He is a Professor Emeritus of Physics in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Missouri in Columbia. He is known for formulating the Mashhoon effect.

Iranian Americans
Iranian-Americans, also known as Persian Americans, are United States citizens or nationals who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. According to the National Organization for Civil Registration, an organization of the Ministry of Interior of Iran, the United States has the greatest number of Iranians outside the country.

Most Iranian-Americans arrived in the United States after 1979 in the wake  of the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Iranian monarchy. Over 40% of them settled in California, specifically Los Angeles, where they formed distinct ethnic enclaves, such as the Angelino community of "Tehrangeles" in Westwood, Los Angeles.

Research by the Iranian Studies Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2004 estimated the number of Iranian-Americans at 691,000, about half of whom live in  California.
1986 Swan Premium Open
The 1986 Swan Premium Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney in Australia and was part of the 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and ran from 13 through 19 October 1986. Second-seeded Boris Becker won the singles title.

1986 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only tennis circuit held that year. The tour consisted of 70 tournaments in 23 different countries. It incorporated three of the four grand slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments. The season ending Masters tournament was moved from the January slot to December.
Tryptophan transaminase
In enzymology, a tryptophan transaminase (EC 2.6.1.27) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate  (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-glutamate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-tryptophan and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are (indol-3-yl)pyruvate and L-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-tryptophan:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include L-phenylalanine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, tryptophan aminotransferase, 5-hydroxytryptophan-ketoglutaric transaminase, hydroxytryptophan aminotransferase, L-tryptophan aminotransferase, and L-tryptophan transaminase.  This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Transaminase
Transaminases or aminotransferases are enzymes that catalyze a transamination reaction between an amino acid and an α-keto acid. They are important in the synthesis of amino acids, which form proteins.

Two important transaminase enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT), are commonly used as indicators of liver and cardiac health.
Paddy Murphy (Gaelic footballer)
Patrick Murphy (1934 – 30 December 2023) was an Irish Gaelic footballer. He played at club level with Dromtarriffe, divisional side Duhallow and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team.

Duhallow Junior A Football Championship
The Duhallow Junior A Football Championship is the top footballing competition in the Duhallow division in Cork. It was first run after the formation of the Duhallow division in 1933. The Championship includes a group stage, therefore every team has at least 2 matches. The winners and runner up of this competition go on to compete in the Cork Junior A Football Championship.

Castlemagner are the title-holders, defeating Knocknagree by 2-11 to 0-07 in the 2024 championship final played in Lismire.
Alabak Island
Alabak Island (Bulgarian: остров Алабак, romanized: Ostrov alabak, IPA: [ˈɔstrof ɐɫɐˈbak]) is the mostly ice-covered hilly island in Barilari Bay on Graham Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica extending 1.35 km in east-west direction, 670 m wide, and ending in Huitfeldt Point to the east.  It is separated from the east coast of Velingrad Peninsula by a 500 m wide passage formed as a result of glacier retreat in the last decade of 20th century.

The island is named after Alabak Ridge in Southern Bulgaria.

Huitfeldt Point
Huitfeldt Point is a point southeast of Vorweg Point on the southwest side of Barilari Bay, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill, 1934–37, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Fritz R. Huitfeldt, a Norwegian pioneer ski exponent, the author of one of the earliest skiing manuals, and the designer of the Huitfeldt ski binding, for long the standard binding.
Central European studies
Central European studies is a subfield of European studies, focusing on the languages, cultures, histories, economies, societies, politics, international relations, and other aspects of the region of Central Europe. It is subject to many research institutions, academic journals, and educational qualifications. Its subfields include Austrian studies (German studies), Czech studies, Slovak studies, Polish studies, Hungarian studies, Slovenian studies, Croatian studies, among others.

Czech studies
Bohemistics, also known as Czech studies, is the field of humanities that researches, documents and disseminates Czech language and literature in both its historic and present-day forms. The common Czech name for the field is bohemistika. A researcher in the field is usually called a "Bohemist".
Zagrađe (Gornji Milanovac)
Zagrađe is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 493 people.

The village was active in the Serbian Revolution, being organized into the knežina (administrative unit) of Kačer during the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13). Among revolutionaries from the village were Nikola Pejović, Đurđe Petrović, and the drummer (dobošar) of Karađorđe, Gavrilo Pejović.

Gornji Milanovac
Gornji Milanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Гoрњи Милановац, pronounced [ɡôːrɲiː mǐlanoʋats] ⓘ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 23,109, while the population of the municipality is 38,985 (2022 census data).

The town was founded in 1853 as Despotovica (Деспотовица), after the river passing by the town. In 1859 the name was changed to Gornji Milanovac at the request of Prince Miloš Obrenović. Its name means Upper Milanovac (there is a Lower Milanovac as well, while Milanovac was named so in honour of revolutionary Milan Obrenović).

The microregion of Rudnik–Takovo (Serbian: Рудничко-таковски крај), or simply Takovo (Serbian: Таково, Таковски крај), in the broader sense roughly corresponds to the modern municipality of Gornji Milanovac. It includes the southern foothills of the Rudnik mountain, and northern foothills of Suvobor and Maljen. Some villages in the municipality are part of the Kačer region.
Coat of arms of Gabon
The coat of arms of Gabon was designed by the Swiss heraldist and vexillologist Louis Mühlemann, one of the founding members of the FIAV and the designer of the coat of arms of the Republic of Congo. It has been in use since 15 July 1963.

Coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo
The coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo has a shield with a rampant red lion holding a torch. The background color of the shield is gold with a green, wavy, horizontal stripe along the middle. A golden crown sits above the shield. Two large African war elephants support the shield. A banner with the national motto "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (lit. 'Unity, Work, Progress'; translated from "La Congolaise") is draped from a bar supporting the war elephants. The arms were adopted in 1960 and readopted in 1991 after having been replaced with a simpler, unheraldic symbol during the People's Republic of the Congo era from 1970 to 1991.
2006 British Columbia Scott Tournament of Hearts
The 2006 British Columbia Scott Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship for British Columbia, was held January 25 to 29 at the Williams Lake Curling Club in Williams Lake, British Columbia.  The winning Kelly Scott rink represented British Columbia at the 2006 Scott Tournament of Hearts in London, Ontario, where they finished first in the round robin with a 9–2 record and went on to win the national title.

2006 Scott Tournament of Hearts
The 2006 Scott Tournament of Hearts, the Canadian women's curling championship, was held at the John Labatt Centre in London, Ontario, February 25, 2006 – March 6, 2006. The tournament consisted of 12 teams, one from each of Canada's provinces, one from Canada's territories and the defending champion, whose team is known as Team Canada. The tournament was the 25th anniversary of the Hearts. The winner would be Kelly Scott's British Columbia rink who defeated the defending champions, Jennifer Jones in the final.
Dias (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Dias (Ancient Greek: Δίας) is a name shared by two individuals:

Dias, according to one tradition, was the son of Pelops and Hippodamia, and the brother of Atreus, and the father of Cleolla. Most accounts have Agamemnon and Menelaus, as the sons of Atreus and Aerope. However according to the Byzantine scholar John Tzetzes (citing "Hesiod, Aeschylus, and some others"), Cleolla was, by her first cousin Pleisthenes (the son of Atreus and Aerope), the mother of Agamemnon, Menelaus and Anaxibia, while, according to the scholia to Euripides Orestes 4, she was married to her uncle Atreus, and was the mother by him of Pleisthenes who became the father of Agamemnon and Menelaus and Anaxibia (by Eriphyle).

Dias, according to Stephanus of Byzantium, was the son of Abas the brother of Alcon and Arethusa and said to be the founder of the city of Athens in Euboea, naming it after his fatherland.

Pleisthenes
In Greek mythology, Pleisthenes or Plisthenes (Ancient Greek: Πλεισθένης), is the name of several members of the house of Tantalus, the most important being a son of Atreus, said to be the father of Agamemnon and Menelaus. Although these two brothers are usually considered to be the sons of Atreus himself, according to some accounts, Pleisthenes was their father, but he died, and Agamemnon and Menelaus were adopted by their grandfather Atreus.
Duck Creek (Ohio)
Duck Creek is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately 30 mi (50 km) long, in southeastern Ohio in the United States.  Via the Ohio River, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.  It drains an area of the Unglaciated Allegheny Plateau, between the watersheds of the Muskingum and Little Muskingum Rivers.

Unglaciated Allegheny Plateau
The Unglaciated Allegheny Plateau is located in an arc around southeastern Ohio, West Virginia, into western Pennsylvania and a small portion of southwestern New York State.

This area is a dissected plateau, characterized by sandstone, shale, and many coal seams. This is the part of the Allegheny Plateau that lies outside the continental glaciation of the ice age.
2025 Christy Ring Cup
The 2025 Christy Ring Cup was the twenty-first edition of the Christy Ring Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 2005 and was the third-tier of Hurling for senior county teams (the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship is the first-tier trophy). It was contested by six GAA county teams ranked 18–23 in the 2025 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. The competition ran from 12 April to 1 June 2025.

Kildare, winner of the 2024 final, were promoted to the Joe McDonagh Cup, replaced by Meath who were relegated back to this competition. Donegal were promoted from the Nicky Rackard Cup.

The top 2 teams from the round robin stage played off in the final to decide the winner. The Christy Ring Cup final was played on 1 June 2025 at Croke Park in Dublin. London defeated Derry by 1–27 to 1–24.

The bottom team was relegated to the Nicky Rackard Cup.

2005 Christy Ring Cup
The 2005 Christy Ring Cup is the inaugural edition of the Christy Ring Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is the second-tier of Hurling for senior county teams (the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship is the first-tier trophy). It is contested by ten GAA county teams ranked 13–22 in the 2005 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship.

Competing teams, from Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster were divided into two groups of five, in which teams played each other only once, meaning two home games and two away games per team. The top two teams of each group qualified for the knock-out stages.

On 14 August 2005, Westmeath won the Christy Ring Cup following a 1-23 to 2-18 defeat of Down in the final.

Kildare's Mattie Dowd was the Christy Ring Cup top scorer with 2-39.
Ailín I, Earl of Lennox
Mormaer Ailín I of Lennox, also Alún or Alwin, ruled Lennox sometime before 1178. He is an obscure figure, known only in two sources, and remains characterless. It is not certain that he was ever recognized as a Mormaer of Lennox, although one source does call him that. In the 1170s, Lennox was in the nominal possession of David, the brother of King William I. David was given the territory as a fief of the crown in 1178.

However, the land was restored to a native magnate, Ailin's son Ailín, and recognized as a Mormaer (comes). The reasons for this are unknown. Perhaps the crown had never really controlled it; or perhaps, as Neville suggests (p. 15), the frontier region of Lennox lost its importance after the defeat and death of Somhairle mac Gille Bhrigdhe. Part of the reason was undoubtedly the promotion of David to the Earldom of Huntingdon.

David, Earl of Huntingdon
David of Scotland (1152 – 17 June 1219) was a Scottish prince and Earl of Huntingdon. He was the grandson of David I and the younger brother of two Scottish kings, Malcolm the Maiden and William the Lion.
Mount Hope, Ontario
Mount Hope is a community in the city of Hamilton in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located in the geographic township of Glanford which amalgamated with Binbrook in 1974 to form Glanbrook. On January 1, 2001, Glanbrook was amalgamated with Hamilton, Flamborough, Ancaster, Dundas and Stoney Creek to form an enlarged Hamilton.

The John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport and the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum are located in Mount Hope.

Dundas, Ontario
Dundas (/ˈdʌnˌdæs/) is a community and urban district in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is nicknamed Valley Town because of its topographical location at the bottom of the Niagara Escarpment on the western edge of Lake Ontario. The population has been stable for decades at about 20,000, largely because it has not annexed rural land from the protected Dundas Valley Conservation Area.

Notable events are the Buskerfest in early June and the Dundas Cactus Festival in August.
Halles Saint-Géry
The Halles Saint-Géry (French) or Sint-Gorikshallen (Dutch) is a cultural centre and exhibition space in central Brussels, Belgium. It is located at 1, place Saint-Géry/Sint-Goriksplein, in a former covered market designed by the architect Adolphe Vanderheggen in neo-Flemish Renaissance style and built in 1881–82.

The Saint-Géry area is well known for the many bars, cafés and restaurants in the vicinity, making it a popular nightspot in the capital. It is served by the premetro (underground tram) station Bourse - Grand-Place/Beurs - Grote Markt on lines 4 and 10.

Bourse - Grand-Place premetro station
Bourse - Grand-Place (French, pronounced [buʁs ɡʁɑ̃ plas]) or Beurs - Grote Markt (Dutch, pronounced [ˈbøːrs ˌxroːtə ˈmɑr(ə)kt]) is a premetro (underground tram) station in central Brussels, Belgium, located under the Boulevard Anspach/Anspachlaan, next to the Place de la Bourse/Beursplein and the Bourse Palace, after which it is named. It is also located metres from the Grand-Place/Grote Markt (Brussels' main square).

The station is part of the North–South Axis, a tram tunnel crossing the city centre between Brussels-North railway station and Albert premetro station. Brussels trams stopping at that station are the lines 4 and 10. A connection with bus routes 46, 48, 86 and 95 is possible at ground level.
Chimán
Chimán   is a town and corregimiento in Chimán District, Panamá Province, Panama with a population of 1,205 as of 2010. It is the seat of Chimán District. Its population as of 1990 was 2,221; its population as of 2000 was 1,334.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
1919 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1919 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills in New York City, New York. The women's tournament was held from June 16 until June 20 while the men's tournament ran from August 26 until September 4. This event marked the 39th staging of the U.S. National Championships and was the second Grand Slam tennis event of the year.

Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman
Hazel Virginia Hotchkiss Wightman, CBE (née Hotchkiss; December 20, 1886 – December 5, 1974) was an American tennis player and founder of the Wightman Cup, an annual team competition for British and American women. She dominated American women's tennis before World War I and won 45 U.S. titles during her life.
Athletics at the 1979 Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR
The athletics events of the final stage of the 7th Summer Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR were held in the Central Lenin (Luzhniki) Stadium in Moscow between 21 July and 29 July 1979.

One world record was broken, by Marina Makeyeva in the women's 400 m hurdles.

1979 Summer Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR
The 7th Summer Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR (Russian: VII летняя Спартакиада народов СССР) was held in the Soviet Union in 1979, with the final stage in July and August 1979. Most events of the final stage were held in Moscow, with Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Vilnius, Kaunas, Tallinn and Riga also hosting some events.
Michael Sittow
Michael Sittow (c. 1469 – 1525), also known as Master Michiel, Michel Sittow, Michiel, Miguel, and several other variants, was a painter from Reval (Tallinn), now capital of Estonia, who was trained in the tradition of Early Netherlandish painting. For most of his life, Sittow worked as a court portrait painter, for Isabella of Castile and her Habsburg relatives in Spain and the Netherlands, and other prominent royal houses. He is considered one of the most important Netherlandish painters of the era.

Mary Tudor, Queen of France
Mary Tudor (/ˈtjuːdər/ TEW-dər; 18 March 1496 – 25 June 1533) was an English princess who was briefly Queen of France as the third wife of King Louis XII. Louis was more than 30 years her senior. Mary was the fifth child of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and the youngest to survive infancy.

Following Louis's death, Mary married Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk. Performed secretly in France, the marriage occurred without the consent of Mary's brother Henry VIII. The marriage necessitated the intervention of Thomas Wolsey; Henry eventually pardoned the couple after they paid a large fine. Mary had four children with Suffolk. Through her older daughter, Frances, she was the maternal grandmother of Lady Jane Grey, the disputed queen of England for nine days in July 1553.
Rowing at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless pair
The men's coxless pairs was a rowing event held as part of the rowing programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics.  It was the first time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on Saturday, July 30, 1904. Three American crews with six rowers competed.

Rowing at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five rowing events were contested. All competitions were held on Saturday, July 30.

It was the second appearance of the sport in Olympic competition. Coxless forms of the pairs and fours were introduced, replacing the coxed pairs and fours that had been used four years earlier. Sculling was expanded, with double sculls as well as singles.
Paeonia cambessedesii
Paeonia cambessedesii is a perennial herbaceous species of peony about 45 cm high. It has pink flowers. The stems, major veins and undersides of the leaves remain purple red, while the upper surface of the leaves turns into a metallic bluish green when fully grown and its lower leaves consist of no more than nine leaflets or segments. This endemic of the Balearic Islands is now limited to parts of northeastern and northwestern Majorca. In English it is sometimes called Balearic peony or Majorcan peony.

Paeonia mascula
Paeonia mascula is a species of peony. It is a herbaceous perennial 0.5–1.5 m (1.6–4.9 ft) tall, with leaves that are divided into three segments, and large red flowers in late spring and early summer. Native to Syria, Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Cyprus, Montenegro, Bulgaria Greece,  Turkey, Iraq, Lebanon and Israel, this wild peony has become naturalised on two small islands in the UK.
Brummagem
Brummagem (/ˈbrʌmədʒəm/ BRUM-ə-jəm, locally [ˈbrʊmədʒəm]), and historically also Bromichan, Bremicham and many similar variants, is the local name for the city of Birmingham, England, and the dialect associated with it. It gave rise to the terms Brum (a shortened version of Brummagem) and Brummie (applied to inhabitants of the city, their accent and dialect).

"Brummagem" and "Brummagem ware" are also terms for cheap and shoddy imitations, in particular when referring to mass-produced goods. This use is archaic in the UK, but persists in some specialist areas in the US and Australia.

Carl Chinn
Carl Steven Alfred Chinn MBE DL (born 6 September 1956) is an English historian, author and radio presenter whose working life has been devoted to the study and popularisation of the city of Birmingham. He broadcast a programme on the BBC from the mid-1990s focusing on Birmingham's history.

In 1990, he was contracted to lecture at the University of Birmingham, where he subsequently became a full professor in 2002. During this year he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for his "services to local history and to charities".
Nemzzz
Nemiah Emmanuel Simms (born 28 March 2004), known professionally as Nemzzz, is a British rapper who gained recognition in 2021 with the tracks "Elevate" and "2MS". He released his first mixtape Do Not Disturb in 2024, which debuted at number 17 on the UK Albums Chart.

Official Aotearoa Music Charts
The Official Aotearoa Music Charts, formerly the Official New Zealand Music Chart (Māori: Te Papa Tātai Waiata Matua o Aotearoa), is the weekly New Zealand top 40 singles and albums charts, issued weekly by Recorded Music NZ (formerly Recording Industry Association of New Zealand). The Music Chart also includes the top 40 Hot Singles chart, the top 20 New Zealand artist singles and albums, the top 20 Hot New Zealand singles, and top 10 compilation albums. All charts are compiled from data of both physical and digital sales from music retailers in New Zealand.

The chart also publishes gold and platinum certifications of albums and singles, according to thresholds set by Recorded Music NZ, through the database on radioscope.net.nz.