hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Buczek
Gmina Buczek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Buczek, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Łask and 38 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 90.84 square kilometres (35.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,893.

Łask County
Łask County (Polish: powiat łaski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łask, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 617.38 square kilometres (238.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,874, out of which the population of Łask is 18,684 and the rural population is 32,190.
Rubi Kumari Karn
Rubi Kumari Karn (Nepali: रुवी कुमारी कर्ण) is a Nepalese politician. She was elected member through the party list proportional representation system of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from CPN (Maoist Centre) in 2017. Karn is a resident of Khadak, Saptari.

1st Madhesh Provincial Assembly
The first Madhesh Provincial Assembly was elected by the 2017 provincial elections. 107 members were elected to the assembly, 64 of whom were elected through direct elections and 43 of whom were elected through the party list proportional representation system. The term of the assembly started on 4 February 2018 and ended in September 2022. Lalbabu Raut from the People's Socialist Party served as the chief minister during the term of the assembly. Saroj Kumar Yadav served as the speaker of the assembly and Upama Kumari Dev served as the deputy speaker.

The 17 January 2022 session of the assembly endorsed Madhesh Province as the name of the province and set Janakpur as the permanent capital of the province.
Struga, Szczecin
Struga (German: Buchholz, Hohenkrug, Königsweg and Henningsholm) is a part of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the right bank of Oder river, east of the Szczecin Old Town, and south-east of Szczecin-Dąbie.

Old Town, Szczecin
Old Town (Polish: Stare Miasto; German: Altstadt), and the core of the historic old German port city of Stettin until 1950,  is a municipal neighborhood of the modern city of Szczecin, now in Poland, situated on the left bank of the Oder river. It is the oldest historical district in the city. As of March 2021 it had a population of 3,901.
Gmina Fajsławice
Gmina Fajsławice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krasnystaw County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Fajsławice, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Krasnystaw and 32 km (20 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 70.69 square kilometres (27.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,062.

Krasnystaw County
Krasnystaw County (Polish: powiat krasnostawski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Krasnystaw, which lies 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The county covers an area of 1,067.18 square kilometres (412.0 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 63,554, out of which the population of Krasnystaw is 18,675 and the rural population is 44,879.
2023 Dakar Rally
The 2023 Dakar Rally was a rally raid event held in Saudi Arabia and the 45th edition of the Dakar Rally organized by Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO). The event takes place between 31 December 2022 and 15 January 2023. This is the fourth time Saudi Arabia has hosted the event. For the second year running, the event is also the first round of the 2023 World Rally-Raid Championship.

The outline of the race route was presented on 5 June 2022. The route was started at a "Sea Camp" near Yanbu, on the Red Sea shore, and finished in Dammam, at the Persian Gulf shore. The route returned to the Empty Quarter this year with three stages, including the marathon stage. The route featured 70% new tracks, less liaison, and 5,000 kilometres of special stages. The route, details of which were revealed in November, has been described as longer, more difficult and with more dunes.

2023 World Rally-Raid Championship
The 2023 World Rally-Raid Championship was the second season of the annual competition for rally raid events sanctioned by both the FIA and FIM. The Amaury Sport Organization is in the second of a five-year contract to promote the championship.
Schur decomposition
In linear algebra, the Schur decomposition or Schur triangulation, named after Issai Schur, is a matrix decomposition. It allows one to write an arbitrary complex square matrix as unitarily similar to an upper triangular matrix whose diagonal elements are the eigenvalues of the original matrix.

Unitary matrix
In linear algebra, an invertible complex square matrix U is unitary if its matrix inverse U−1 equals its conjugate transpose U*, that is, if

where I is the identity matrix.

In physics, especially in quantum mechanics, the conjugate transpose is referred to as the Hermitian adjoint of a matrix and is denoted by a dagger (⁠⁠), so the equation above is written

A complex matrix U is special unitary if it is unitary and its matrix determinant equals 1.

For real numbers, the analogue of a unitary matrix is an orthogonal matrix. Unitary matrices have significant importance in quantum mechanics because they preserve norms, and thus, probability amplitudes.
Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.

Canadian Cavalry Brigade
The Canadian Cavalry Brigade was raised in December 1914, under its first commanding officer Brigadier-General J.E.B. Seely. It was originally composed of two Canadian and one British regiments and an attached artillery battery. The Canadian units were the Royal Canadian Dragoons, Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) and the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery battery. The British regiment was the 2nd King Edward's Horse (The King's Overseas Dominions Regiment). 2KEH was replaced by The Fort Garry Horse in February 1916.
Gruta da Lagoa Azul State Park
The Gruta da Lagoa Azul State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Gruta da Lagoa Azul) is a state park in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Its primary attraction is a limestone cave with a pool of blue water and unusual cave formations. These have suffered from vandalism, causing the cave to be closed until measures to protect it could be implemented.

State park (Brazil)
A state park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual) in Brazil is a legally defined type of protected area operated by one of the states.
Their goal is to preserve important or beautiful natural ecosystems.
Public access is allowed subject to regulations defined by the responsible agency.
Stratford District Council
Stratford District Council (Māori: Te Kaunihera ā-Rohe o Whakaahurangi) is the territorial authority for the Stratford District of New Zealand.

The council consists of the mayor of Stratford, Neil Volzke, and ten ward councillors.

Stratford District, New Zealand
Stratford District is a territorial authority district in the North Island of New Zealand. The Stratford District Council is headquartered in the only town, Stratford. The district is divided between the Manawatū-Whanganui region (including the settlements of Whangamōmona, Marco and Tahora, 31.87% of its land area) and the Taranaki region (68.13% of its land area).

The district has an area of 2,163.43 square kilometres (835.30 sq mi). The population was 10,400 as of June 2024 which is 0.2% of the population of New Zealand. This comprises 6,430 people in the Stratford urban area, and 3,970 people in rural areas and settlements.

Mayor Neil Volzke was elected as mayor in a 2009 by-election, and most recently re-elected in the 2019 local elections.
GWR 3200 Class
The Great Western Railway 3200 Class (or 'Earl' Class) was a design of 4-4-0 steam locomotive for passenger train work. The nickname for this class, almost universally used at the time these engines were in service, was Dukedog since the locomotives were composed of former Duke Class boilers on Bulldog Class frames. As such they were one of the last standard gauge steam locomotive classes to retain outside frames.

4-4-0
4-4-0, in the Whyte notation, denotes a steam locomotive with a wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles (usually in a leading bogie), four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels.

First built in the 1830s, locomotives with this wheel arrangement were known as "standard" or "Eight-Wheeler" type. In the first half of the 19th century, almost every major railroad in North America owned and operated locomotives of this type, and many rebuilt their 4-2-0 and 2-4-0 locomotives as 4-4-0s.

In April 1872, Railroad Gazette used "American" as the name of the type. The type subsequently also became popular in the United Kingdom, where large numbers were produced.

The vast majority of 4-4-0 locomotives had tenders, though some tank locomotives (designated 4-4-0T) were built.
Harhoog
The Harhoog is a dolmen, a rectangular megalithic tomb from the Funnelbeaker culture, located near Keitum on the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Discovered in 1925, it was moved to the present site in 1954 when a new airport was developed.

Sylt
54°54′N 8°20′E﻿ / ﻿54.900°N 8.333°E﻿ / 54.900; 8.333

Sylt (German pronunciation: [zʏlt] ⓘ; Danish: Sild; Söl'ring North Frisian: Söl) is an island in northern Germany, part of Nordfriesland district, Schleswig-Holstein, with a distinctively shaped shoreline. It belongs to the North Frisian Islands and is the largest island in North Frisia.
The northernmost island of Germany, it is known for its tourist resorts, notably Westerland, Kampen and Wenningstedt-Braderup, as well as for its 40-kilometre-long (25-mile) sandy beach. It is frequently covered by the media in connection with its exposed situation in the North Sea and its ongoing loss of land during storm tides. Since 1927, Sylt has been connected to the mainland by the Hindenburgdamm causeway. In later years, it has been a resort for the German jet set and tourists in search of occasional celebrity sightings.
Anthony Saxton
Anthony Nicholas Scott Saxton (23 July 1934 – 31 March 2015) was a British advertising man and, later, headhunter who established the "swinging mega-boutique" Way In on the top floor of Harrods in 1967. In 1979 he and his business partner Stephen Bamfylde set up the headhunting firm Saxton Bampfylde. He was chairman of executive search company Moloney and director of Australian miners Kingstream through which he formed close ties with the regime in North Korea.

Saxton was born in Suffolk and was educated at Harrow School. A devout Anglican, he spent most of his life in Kew in London, where he served as a churchwarden of St Anne's Church. He was also an oblate of Alton Abbey in Hampshire.

Saxton was a close friend of Peter de la Billière.

In 1971 he married Jill Lauderdale, with whom he had two daughters.

Peter de la Billière
General Sir Peter Edgar de la Cour de la Billière, KCB, KBE, DSO, MC & Bar, DL (born 29 April 1934) is a former British Army officer who was Director SAS during the Iranian Embassy siege, and Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in Operation Granby during the Gulf War.
St Paul's Anglican Church, Camperdown
St Paul's Anglican Church is a historic Anglican church located on the corner of Church and Fergusson Streets in Camperdown, Victoria, Australia. It serves as the principal place of worship for the local Anglican congregation within the Parish of Camperdown and Holy Apostles in the Anglican Diocese of Ballarat. Constructed primarily of bluestone, the church reflects successive phases of Gothic Revival ecclesiastical architecture from the mid-19th to mid-20th and contains a notable pipe organ and stained glass windows.

Anglican Diocese of Ballarat
The Diocese of Ballarat is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Australia, which was created out of the Diocese of Melbourne in 1875. It is situated in the Ballarat region of the state of Victoria, Australia and covers the south-west region of the state. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Christ the King in Ballarat. Garry Weatherill, formerly the Bishop of Willochra between 2000 and 2011, was installed as the 10th Bishop of Ballarat on 5 November 2011.
Cái Răng Floating Market
Cái Răng Floating Market (Vietnamese: Chợ nổi Cái Răng) is a wholesale floating market specializing in the trade of vegetables and fruits on the Cần Thơ River, a distributary of Hậu River, and is a unique tourist attraction in the districts of Cái Răng and Ninh Kiều (Cần Thơ River is the borderline of both districts) in Cần Thơ, Vietnam. With a history dating back to the early 20th century, the market emerged as a crucial trading hub. Before the development of roads and bridges, the myriad waterways of the delta region were the primary means of trade and transport, leading to the development of floating markets where channels converged.

In 2016, Cái Răng Floating Market was recognized as a national intangible cultural heritage by the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism of Vietnam.

Floating market
A floating market is a market where goods are sold from boats. Originating in times and places where water transport played an important role in daily life, most floating markets operating today mainly serve as tourist attractions, and are chiefly found in Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and India.
Lesser-evil voting
Lesser-evil voting (LEV) refers to a kind of strategic voting where a voter supports a less-preferred candidate in an election (the "lesser evil") rather than their actual favorite candidate, when this candidate is unlikely to win.

Electoral systems where lesser-evil voting is forced, i.e., where it is not possible for a voter to support both their favorite candidate and a lesser-evil without causing the "greater evil" to win, necessarily fail the sincere favorite criterion. If the incentive is sufficiently severe, such methods are also subject to Duverger's law, tending to devolve into two-party systems. Lesser-evil voting is a common strategy in plurality-based systems like  first-past-the-post and ranked-choice voting (RCV), but not approval or score voting.

Minimax
Minimax (sometimes Minmax, MM or saddle point) is a decision rule used in artificial intelligence, decision theory, combinatorial game theory, statistics, and philosophy for minimizing the possible loss for a worst case (maximum loss) scenario. When dealing with gains, it is referred to as "maximin" – to maximize the minimum gain. Originally formulated for several-player zero-sum game theory, covering both the cases where players take alternate moves and those where they make simultaneous moves, it has also been extended to more complex games and to general decision-making in the presence of uncertainty.
Nursing in the United States
Nursing in the United States is a professional health care occupation. It is the largest such occupation, employing millions of certified professionals. As of 2023, 3,175,390 registered nurses were employed, paid a median income of $86,070.

Nurses are not doctors' assistants and practice nursing in a wide variety of specialties and departments. They may act in that capacity, such as in the emergency department or in trauma care, but more often independently care for their patients or assist other nurses. RNs treat patients, record their medical history, provide emotional support, and provide follow-up care. Nurses also help doctors perform diagnostic tests.

Many nurses work in a hospital setting. Options there include: pediatrics, neonatal, maternity, OBGYN, geriatrics, orthopedics, medical-surgical, operating room, ambulatory, and nurse anesthetists and informatics (eHealth). Other options include community health, mental health, clinical nursing specialists, and nurse midwives.

Advanced practice nurse
An advanced practice nurse (APN) is a nurse with post-graduate education and training in nursing. Nurses practising at this level may work in either a specialist or generalist capacity. APNs are prepared with advanced didactic and clinical education, knowledge, skills, and scope of practice in nursing.

In the United States, the National Council of State Boards of Nursing along with other nursing authorities and organizations recommend the use of the term and acronym advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) as described in the Consensus Model for APRN Regulation, Licensure, Accreditation, Certification and Education.
Anusorn Mongkolkarn
Prince Anusorn Mongkolkarn (Thai: พระเจ้าวรวงศ์เธอ พระองค์เจ้าอนุสรมงคลการ) (1 April 1915 – 2 January 1998) was a Thai film director and 1996 National Artist of Thailand recipient. He was a grandson of King Chulalongkorn, and also one of the indirect first-degree cousins to Kings Ananda Mahidol and Bhumibol Adulyadej as well as Princesses Galyani Vadhana and Bejaratana, since his father, Prince Yugala Dighambara was one of the paternal half-brothers of King Vajiravudh, King Prajadhipok and Prince Mahidol Adulyadej.

Vajiravudh
Vajiravudh  (1 January 1881 – 26 November 1925) was the sixth king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama VI. He reigned from 1910 until his death in 1925. King Vajiravudh is best known for his efforts to create and promote Siamese nationalism. His reign was characterized by Siam's further Westernization, minimal participation in World War I, and lavish spending on arts and culture. He had keen interests in Siamese history, archaeology, and literature, as well as economics, politics and world affairs, and founded the country's first university, Chulalongkorn University.
Johnny Gill (1990 album)
Johnny Gill is the third album by American singer Johnny Gill, released in April 1990, and his first for Motown Records. The album produced four hit singles: "Rub You the Right Way," "My, My, My," "Wrap My Body Tight" and "Fairweather Friend". It was recorded with the label during the hiatus of Gill's group New Edition. The album sold over 4 million copies worldwide. Before joining New Edition for their Heart Break album in 1988, Gill had already recorded two songs for the album―"Just Another Lonely Night" and "Feels So Much Better". By February 1991, the album had already sold approximately 2,050,000 copies in the United States and 50,000 in Canada, making the album 2× platinum in the United States at the time.

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III (born June 6, 1959) and Terry Steven Lewis (born November 24, 1956) are an American R&B/pop songwriting and record production team. Their productions have received commercial success since the 1980s with various artists, most extensively Janet Jackson. They have written 31 top ten hits in the UK and 41 in the US. In 2022, the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Musical Excellence category.
Exo Lakkonia
Exo Lakkonia (Greek: Έξω Λακκώνια) is a traditional village with small population near Agios Nikolaos of Crete. It has a folklore museum and some traditional coffee shops and an old church of St. George. It is located in a plain between the Oropedio Lasithiou and the area of Agios Nikolaos. A lot of European people have invested in the property in the area. It is also famous for a spring of water coming from the Lasithi mountain. It's also the birthplace of the famous singer Giannis Haroulis

Lasithi Plateau
The Lasithi Plateau (Greek: Οροπέδιο Λασιθίου, Oropedio Lasithiou) is a high endorheic plateau, located in the Lasithi regional unit in eastern Crete, Greece. Since the 1997 Kapodistrias reform, it is a municipality whose seat is Tzermiado and the second biggest village is Agios Georgios. The municipality has an area of 129.9 km2
².
Bob Gonya
Robert James Gonya (June 15, 1910 – January 15, 1999) was an American football offensive tackle who played in the National Football League (NFL). He played for two seasons with the Philadelphia Eagles from 1933–1934. He played college football at Northwestern.

1934 NFL season
The 1934 NFL season was the 15th regular season of the National Football League (NFL). Before the season, the Portsmouth Spartans moved from Ohio to Detroit, Michigan, and were renamed the Detroit Lions.

The season ended on December 9 with the NFL Championship Game played for the new Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy. In this final game the New York Giants defeated the Chicago Bears 30–13 at the Polo Grounds in what has become known as the "Sneakers Game".
Francisco Blake Mora
José Francisco Blake Mora (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse fɾanˈsisko ˈβlejk ˈmoɾa]; 22 May 1966 – 11 November 2011) was a Mexican lawyer and politician who served as the Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Felipe Calderón from 2010 to 2011. He was Mexico's top cabinet secretary and key figure in the battle against the drug cartels and corruption in the country. Blake Mora was also an important official in the dialogues of Felipe Calderón's drug policy, where he constantly traveled to meet with governors and victims of the drug war.

Mexican Air Force
The Mexican Air Force (FAM; Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Mexicana) is the air service branch under the Mexican Army of the Mexican Armed Forces. It is overseen by the Secretariat of National Defense. The objective of the FAM is to defend the integrity, independence, and sovereignty of Mexico. Its auxiliary tasks include internal security, assisting with public works, and natural disaster management. As of 2024, its commander is Óscar René Rubio Sánchez.
Winkel, Rhineland-Palatinate
Winkel (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪŋkl̩] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Vulkaneifel
Vulkaneifel (German pronunciation: [vʊlˈkaːnʔaɪfl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the northwest of the state Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the least densely populated district in the state and the fourth most sparsely populated district in Germany. The administrative centre of the district is in Daun. Neighboring districts are Euskirchen (North Rhine-Westphalia), Ahrweiler, Mayen-Koblenz, Cochem-Zell, Bernkastel-Wittlich, and Bitburg-Prüm.
Avalon Waterways
Avalon Waterways is a river cruise company owned by the Globus family of brands and offers cruises in Europe, China, Southeast Asia, South America, India and the Galápagos Islands.  The company became a member of Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) in August 2009.

River cruise
A river cruise is a voyage along inland waterways, often stopping at multiple ports along the way. Since cities and towns often grew up around rivers, river cruise ships frequently dock in the center of cities and towns.