hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pavlograd uezd
The Pavlograd uezd (Russian: Павлоградскій уѣздъ, romanized: Pavlogradskiy uyezd;  Ukrainian: Павлоградський повіт, romanized: Pavlohrads'kyi povit) was one of the subdivisions of the Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Pavlograd (Pavlohrad).

Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Yekaterinoslav Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav. Covering an area of 63,392 km2 (24,476 mi2), and being composed of a inhabitant of 2,113,674 by the census of 1897, it bordered Poltava Governorate to the north, Don Host Oblast to the east, Sea of Azov to the southeast, Taurida Governorate to the south, and Kherson Governorate to the west, and covered the area of the Luhansk, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of modern Ukraine.
RELAP5-3D
RELAP5-3D is a simulation tool that allows users to model the coupled behavior of a  nuclear reactor's coolant system and the reactor core for various operational transients and postulated accidents that might occur in a nuclear reactor. RELAP5-3D (Reactor Excursion and Leak Analysis Program) can be used for reactor safety analysis, reactor design, simulator training of operators, and as an educational tool by universities. RELAP5-3D was developed at Idaho National Laboratory to address the pressing need for reactor safety analysis and continues to be developed through the United States Department of Energy and the International RELAP5 Users Group (IRUG) with over $3 million invested annually. The code is distributed through INL's Technology Deployment Office and is licensed to numerous universities, governments, and corporations worldwide.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Dominant wavelength
In color science, the dominant wavelength is a method of approximating a color's hue. Along with purity, it makes up one half of the Helmholtz coordinates. The dominant wavelength of a given color is defined to be the wavelength of monochromatic spectral light that lies on the straight line passing through the white point and the given colour in the chromaticity diagram.

Standard illuminant
A standard illuminant is a theoretical source of visible light with a spectral power distribution that is published. Standard illuminants provide a basis for comparing images or colors recorded under different lighting.
F band (NATO)
The NATO F band is the obsolete designation given to the radio frequencies from 3,000 to 4,000 MHz (equivalent to wavelengths between 10 and 7.5 cm) during the cold war period. Since 1992, frequency allocations, allotment and assignments are in line with the NATO Joint Civil/Military Frequency Agreement (NJFA).
However, in order to identify military radio spectrum requirements, e.g. for crisis management planning, training, electronic warfare activities, or in military operations, this system is still in use.

NATO Joint Civil/Military Frequency Agreement
The NATO Joint Civil/Military Frequency Agreement (NJFA) is the universal NATO common civil/military treaty to regulate the military access to the radio frequency spectrum in the range of 14 kHz to 100 GHz in peacetime, during exercises, in times of crisis, and in military operations. This document has been the basis for the frequency utilisation in NATO-Europe since 1982. Nations and organisations, e.g. partnership for peace countries, are invited to participate as deemed to be necessary.

The national representatives of the frequency sovereignty agree unanimous to changes of the NJFA, in line to decisions of World Radiocommunication Conferences, operational requirement of the armed forces, and technical developments. However, the provision of "Article 38 of the International Telecommunication Convention, Nairobi 1982" remains untouched.
Lee–Boot effect
The Lee–Boot effect is a phenomenon concerning the suppression or prolongation of oestrous cycles of mature female mice (and other rodents), when females are housed in groups and isolated from males. It is caused by the effects of an estrogen-dependent pheromone, possibly 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, which is released via the urine and acts on the vomeronasal organ of recipients. This pheromone lowers the concentration of luteinizing hormone and elevates prolactin levels, synchronising or stopping the recipient's cycle. This effect goes some way to explain why spontaneous pseudopregnancy can occur in mice. The same response is invoked from isolated females when brought into contact with urine-soaked bedding from other females' cages. The adrenal glands are required for production of the urine pheromone which is responsible for this effect.

Estrous cycle
The estrous cycle (from Latin  oestrus 'frenzy', originally from Ancient Greek  οἶστρος (oîstros) 'gadfly') is a set of recurring physiological changes induced by reproductive hormones in females of mammalian subclass Theria. Estrous cycles start after sexual maturity in females and are interrupted by anestrous phases, otherwise known as "rest" phases, or by pregnancies. Typically, estrous cycles repeat until death. These cycles are widely variable in duration and frequency depending on the species. Some animals may display bloody vaginal discharge, often mistaken for menstruation. Many mammals used in commercial agriculture, such as cattle and sheep, may have their estrous cycles artificially controlled with hormonal medications for optimum productivity. The male equivalent, seen primarily in ruminants, is called rut.
Birmingham, Michigan
Birmingham is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is a northern suburb of Detroit located along the Woodward Corridor (M-1). As of the 2020 census, Birmingham had a population of 21,813.

Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation
The Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) is the public transit operator serving the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan, United States. Beginning operations in 1967 as the Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority (SEMTA), the agency was reorganized and renamed SMART in 1989. SMART operates 44 bus routes (supplementing the Detroit Department of Transportation), plus paratransit and microtransit services.
Korešnica
Korešnica (Macedonian: Корешница) is the largest village in the municipality of Demir Kapija in North Macedonia. It is mixed ethnically Turks, Serbs, and ethnic Macedonians. It is seen from the main highway on the opposite side of Demir Kapija. Korešnica has several small festivals a year and an active village football club, which usually plays on these holidays. A company that develops asphalt is located here with another location near Klisura. Also, many village residents own livestock and produce dairy products such as white cheese.

Klisura, North Macedonia
Klisura (Macedonian: Клисура) is the oldest village in Demir Kapija Municipality in North Macedonia. It was along the Vardar River but moved into the mountains to be away from the main road in the mid 19th century. Many current Demir Kapija residents came to develop the town and municipality during socialism, one of Tito's plans for the modernization and industrialization of his Yugoslavia. Klisura was at its highest population of over 600 residents just after World War I. A large church and monastery were built there before then. Today, the village is nearly abandoned, but it has a unique tradition around Easter. Former inhabitants return to the village on Good Friday for a village reunion. On May 23, many people come to celebrate the patron Saint Nicholas. Several residents still herd goats, sheep, and other livestock.
Motion 312
Motion 312 was a motion introduced to the Parliament of Canada by Stephen Woodworth, MP for Kitchener Centre, in 2012.

M-312 called for the formation of a committee "to review the declaration in Subsection 223(1) of the Criminal Code which states that a child becomes a human being only at the moment of complete birth".

Motion (parliamentary procedure)
In parliamentary procedure, a motion is a formal proposal by a member of a deliberative assembly that the assembly take a particular action. These may include legislative motions, budgetary motions, supplementary budgetary motions, and petitionary motions.

The possible motions in a deliberative assembly are determined by a pre-agreed volume detailing the correct parliamentary procedure, such as Robert's Rules of Order; The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure; or Lord Citrine's The ABC of Chairmanship. Motions are used in conducting business in almost all legislative bodies worldwide, and are used in meetings of many church vestries, corporate boards, and fraternal organizations.

Motions can bring new business before the assembly or consist of numerous other proposals to take procedural steps or carry out other actions relating to a pending proposal (such as postponing it to another time) or to the assembly itself (such as taking a recess).
HD 160342
HD 160342 is a star in the southern constellation of Ara. HD 160342 is its Henry Draper Catalogue designation.  It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.35, making it very faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal observing conditions.  Based upon parallax measurements, is approximately 960 light-years (293 parsecs) distant from Earth.

In 1971, P. M. Corben announced that HD 160342 is a variable star, a discovery made using a telescope equipped with a photoelectric photometer at the Royal Observatory in South Africa. It was given its variable star designation, V626 Arae, in 1973.

With a stellar classification of M3 III, this is an evolved red giant that is on the asymptotic giant branch.  It is a variable star that is classified as irregular, although changes in brightness of 0.1127 magnitudes at the rate of 0.37943 cycles per day (once every 2.6 days) have been detected in Hipparcos photometry.

Variable-star designation
In astronomy, a variable-star designation is a unique identifier given to variable stars.  It extends the Bayer designation format, with an identifying label (as described below) preceding the Latin genitive of the name of the constellation in which the star lies. The identifying label can be one or two Latin letters or a V plus a number (e.g. V399). Examples are R Coronae Borealis, YZ Ceti, V603 Aquilae. (See List of constellations for a list of constellations and the genitive forms of their names.)
Hægeland Church
Hægeland Church (Norwegian: Hægeland kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vennesla Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hægeland. It is the church for the Hægeland parish which is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a octagonal design in 1830 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorsen Syrtveit. The church seats about 250 people.

Vennesla
Vennesla is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vennesla. Other villages in Vennesla include Grovane, Hægeland, Homstean, Mushom, Øvre Eikeland, Øvrebø, Røyknes, and Skarpengland. Vennesla lies about 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of the city of Kristiansand in the Otra river valley.

The 384-square-kilometre (148 sq mi) municipality is the 242nd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Vennesla is the 79th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 15,294. The municipality's population density is 42.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (109/sq mi) and its population has increased by 11.2% over the previous 10-year period.
1965 Chicago Bears season
The 1965 Chicago Bears season was their 46th regular season in the National Football League. The team improved upon the dismal 5–9 record of the previous season, and finished with a  9–5 record that earned them a third-place finish in the NFL Western Conference.

The Bears started the season 0–3, but thanks to rookies Gale Sayers and Dick Butkus, the team won 9 of the last 11 games. Sayers had a magnificent rookie season, and in one game against the San Francisco 49ers at Chicago's Wrigley Field on December 12, he scored six touchdowns in a 61–20 Bears win, the first time the Bears scored 61 points in a regular-season game. Sayers would set an NFL rookie record with 22 touchdowns in one season. The six-touchdown performance tied an NFL record and set a new Bears record. Quarterback Rudy Bukich completed 176 of 312 passes for 2,641 yards and 20 touchdowns.

The 1965 Bears draft class was named No. 8 on NFL Top 10 draft classes.

Rudy Bukich
Rudolph Andrew Bukich (September 15, 1930 – February 29, 2016) was an American professional football player, a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) from 1953 to 1968. Known as "Rudy the Rifle" for his uncommon arm strength, he tied an NFL record with 13 consecutive pass completions in the 1964 season. One year later, he was the second-leading passer in the league. He played college football at the University of Southern California, after transferring from the University of Iowa.
Komorów, Rawa County
Komorów [kɔˈmɔruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cielądz, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Cielądz, 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 60 km (37 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Cielądz
Cielądz [ˈt͡ɕɛlɔnt͡s] is a village in Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Cielądz. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Rawa Mazowiecka and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Amoreuxia
Amoreuxia is a genus of flowering plants in the achiote family, Bixaceae. It was formerly placed in the family Cochlospermaceae.  Members of the genus are commonly known as yellowshow. They are native to Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Peru, Curaçao, and the southwestern United States.

Species

Amoreuxia gonzalezii Sprague & L.Riley – Santa Rita Mountain yellowshow - Sonora, Sinaloa, Jalisco, southern Arizona

Amoreuxia malvifolia A.Gray - Chihuahua, Durango

Amoreuxia palmatifida Moc. & Sessé ex DC. – Mexican yellowshow - Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Arizona, New Mexico

Amoreuxia wrightii A.Gray – Wright's yellowshow  - Curaçao, Peru, Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Campeche, Yucatán, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Texas

Amoreuxia palmatifida
Amoreuxia palmatifida (common names saiya or temaquí) is a perennial herb with a native range from Arizona and New Mexico, through Mexico, Central America and Colombia. It has yellow flowers and long, narrow capsules. The leaves, roots, flowers, and fruits provided food for natives of Arizona and northern Mexico.

Amoreuxia palmatifida was observed near Zacapa in the Motagua Valley of Guatemala as an expansive ground cover blanketing the very dry terrain in June.  Its flower is described as bright-orange, with purple spots on four of the five petals and tiered banks of twelve stamens with purple and orange anthers.  
Amoreuxia palmatifida Moc. & Sessé ex DC., Prodr. 2: 638–639. 1825.
Pine Tree of Seowon-ri, Boeun
In Seowon-ri, Boeun County, North Chungcheong Province, South Korea, there is an ancient Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora). On April 30, 1988, it was designated Natural Monument of South Korea No. 352. The tree is famously known by its nickname Jeongbuinsong (정부인송; 貞夫人松), which translates to "Government Wife Pine" or "Lady Minister Pine," due to its folkloric status as the wife of the nearby Jeongipumsong (Natural Monument No. 103), a tree famously granted a ministerial rank by King Sejo of Joseon dynasty.

Natural Monuments (South Korea)
Natural Monuments (Korean: 천연기념물) is a national-level designation within the heritage preservation system of South Korea for animals, plants, landforms, geological formations, and nature reserves. It is administered by the Cultural Heritage Administration according to the Natural Heritage Protection Law (문화재보호법).

As of August 2022, a total of 702 items have received this designation. Of them, 132 are scenic sites and 570 are natural monuments. Only 472 of these continue to maintain their natural monument designation, and only 129 maintained their scenic site designation.
2015 Six Nations Championship
The 2015 Six Nations Championship, known as the 2015 RBS 6 Nations because of the tournament's sponsorship by the Royal Bank of Scotland, was the 16th series of the Six Nations Championship, the annual rugby union tournament. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. Including the competition's previous incarnations as the Home Nations Championship and Five Nations Championship, it was the 121st edition of the tournament.

Ireland retained their title from the previous year, their 13th triumph in the competition. This was the first time that Ireland had retained their title outright since 1949, having shared the 1983 championship with France after winning in 1982. They were the first team to be awarded the redesigned Six Nations trophy introduced for 2015, which featured six sides as opposed to five.

1983 Five Nations Championship
The 1983 Five Nations Championship was the 54th series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship.

Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the 89th series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 15 January and 19 March. For the 17th time, the championship was shared. France and Ireland finished level on points, and no tie-break procedure existed before 1993. It was France's 5th shared title, and Ireland's 8th.

French wing Patrick Estève scored a try against each other team in this tournament, finishing as the top try scorer, with five tries. This was the first time since 1925 that such a feat had been achieved.
Olallie Lake (King County, Washington)
Olallie Lake is a freshwater lake located on a prominent valley at the western base of Pratt Mountain, between Mount Defiance and Bandera Mountain, in King County, Washington. The name means berry in Chinook Jargon.

Olallie Lake is surrounded by other alpine lakes, including Talapus Lake to the south and Pratt Lake a short distance north. Because of its proximity to Snoqualmie Pass and other prominent peaks in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, the lakes are a popular area for hiking, swimming, and fishing rainbow trout.

Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Alpine Lakes Wilderness is a large wilderness area spanning the Central Cascades of Washington state in the United States. The wilderness is located in parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Snoqualmie National Forest, and is approximately bounded by Interstate 90 and Snoqualmie Pass to the south and U.S. Route 2 and Stevens Pass to the north. The Alpine Lakes is the largest wilderness area near the population centers of Puget Sound, counted at 414,161 acres (167,605 ha) following the 2014 expansion.
2000 United States Senate election in Missouri
The 2000 United States Senate election in Missouri was held on November 7, 2000, to select the next U.S. senator from Missouri. Incumbent Republican senator John Ashcroft lost re-election to a second term to Democratic governor Mel Carnahan despite Carnahan's death in a plane crash 20 days before Election Day. Due to the timing of Carnahan's death, state law did not allow his name to be replaced on the ballot. Newly inaugurated governor Roger Wilson appointed Mel Carnahan's widow Jean Carnahan to fill the seat pending a 2002 special election.

Following his defeat, Ashcroft would later be appointed United States Attorney General by George W. Bush and served from 2001 to 2005.

As of 2026, this is the only time a deceased person has won a U.S. Senate election.

Jefferson County, Missouri
Jefferson County is located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 226,739, making it the sixth-most populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Hillsboro. The county was organized in 1818 and named in honor of former president Thomas Jefferson. In 1980, according to the U.S. census held that year, the county contained the mean center of U.S. population. Notably, this was the first census in which the center of population was west of the Mississippi River. Jefferson County is part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area and encompasses many of the city's southern suburbs.
Chuck Tanner Baseball Manager of the Year Award
The Chuck Tanner Baseball Manager of the Year Award is the original name for two awards that are given by the Rotary Club of Pittsburgh, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is named for Chuck Tanner, former manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates, and was first awarded on November 17, 2007, at the city's Rivers Club. For the first three years, the award was given to a manager in Major League Baseball. In 2010, a second award was presented to the "Chuck Tanner Collegiate Baseball Manager of the Year"; the original award was renamed the "Chuck Tanner Major League Baseball Manager of the Year Award".

During the selection process, a major factor for the committee is each candidate's career achievement.

Proceeds from the annual awards dinner in November are used by the club to support its humanitarian service initiatives and Rotary Foundation programs.

The Rotary Foundation
The Rotary Foundation is a non-profit corporation that supports the efforts of Rotary International to achieve world understanding and peace through international humanitarian, educational, and cultural exchange programs. It is supported solely by voluntary contributions.

The foundation was established in 1917 by Rotary International's sixth president, Arch C. Klumph, as an endowment fund for Rotary "to do good in the world." It has grown from an initial contribution of US $26.50 to more than US $1 billion. It has one of the largest and most prestigious international fellowship programs in the world.
Mundilfari
In Norse mythology Mundilfari (Old Norse: [ˈmuntelˌfɑre]; rendered variously Mundilfari, Mundilföri and Mundilfœri) (Old Norse, possibly "the one moving according to particular times") is the father of Sól, the goddess associated with the Sun, and Máni, the god associated with the Moon. Mundilfari is attested in the Poetic Edda poem Vafþrúðnismál stanza 23, and in chapter 11 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning.

John Lindow
John Frederick Lindow (born July 23, 1946) is an American philologist who is Professor Emeritus of Old Norse and Folklore at University of California, Berkeley. He is a well known authority on Old Norse religion and literature.