hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garmisch-Partenkirchen train collision
The Garmisch-Partenkirchen train collision took place on 12 December 1995, when an ÖBB Regional-Express train traveling from Innsbruck to Munich departed from Garmisch-Partenkirchen Station in Bavaria despite a red light due to distraction, colliding with a DB tourist train, killing one person and injuring 51.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Pensions in India
India operates a complex pension system. There are however three major pillars to the Indian pension system: the solidarity social assistance called the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) for the elderly poor, the civil servants pension (now open for all) and the mandatory defined contribution retirement programs run by the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation of India for private sector employees and employees of state owned companies, and several voluntary plans.

National Social Assistance Scheme
The National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Government of India that provides financial assistance to the elderly poor, poor widows/widowers and persons with disabilities below a certain income threshold in the form of social pensions. The NSAP scheme only includes Below Poverty Line individuals as beneficiaries.
Calyptridium monospermum
Calyptridium monospermum, synonym Cistanthe monosperma, is a perennial plant in the miner's lettuce family (Montiaceae), known by the common name one-seeded pussypaws.  It was formerly classified in the purslane family (Portulacaceae).

Montiaceae
Montiaceae are a family of flowering plants, with about 17 genera and about 230 known species, ranging from small herbaceous plants to shrubs. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution.

The family Montiaceae was newly adopted in the APG III system and includes members of the Caryophyllales formerly listed in Portulacaceae. It is known by the common names of spring beauty family or the montia family.
Centered set
In mathematics, in the area of order theory, an upwards centered set S is a subset of a partially ordered set, P, such that any finite subset of S has an upper bound in P. Similarly, any finite subset of a downwards centered set has a lower bound. An upwards centered set can also be called a consistent set. 
Any directed set is necessarily centered, and any centered set is a linked set.

A subset B of a partial order is said to be σ-centered if it is a countable union of centered sets.

Partially ordered set
In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other. The word partial is used to indicate that not every pair of elements needs to be comparable; that is, there may be pairs for which neither element precedes the other. Partial orders thus generalize total orders, in which every pair is comparable.

Formally, a partial order is a homogeneous binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. A partially ordered set (poset for short) is an ordered pair  consisting of a set  (called the ground set of ) and a partial order  on . When the meaning is clear from context and there is no ambiguity about the partial order, the set  itself is sometimes called a poset.
Miguel Jorge
Miguel Jorge (1928–1984), also known as “Micky” Jorge, was a Cuban artist who was influential in the establishment of South Florida's early Latin American art market in the Greater Miami area from the 1960s through the 1980s.

Coral Gables, Florida
Coral Gables is a city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The city is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida and is located 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Downtown Miami. As of the 2020 U.S. census, it had a population of 49,248.

The city is a Mediterranean-themed planned community known for its historic and affluent character reinforced by its strict zoning, popular landmarks, and tourist sights.

The University of Miami is located in Coral Gables. With 16,479 faculty and staff as of 2021, the university is the largest employer in Coral Gables and second-largest employer in all of Miami-Dade County.
Høgvagltindane
Høgvagltindane is a mountain group on the border of Lom Municipality in Innlandet county and Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The group includes three main peaks: Vestre Høgvagltindane, Midtre Høgvagltindane, and Austre Høgvagltindane. The highest peak in the group is the 2,066-metre (6,778 ft) tall Midtre Høgvagltinden. The mountains are located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountains sit about 41 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of the village of Fossbergom and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountains are surrounded by several other notable mountains including Kyrkja, Kyrkjeoksle, and Langvasshøe to the northeast; Skarddalstinden and Skarddalseggje to the southeast; Rauddalstindane to the southwest; and Stehøe and Stetinden to the northwest.

Fossbergom
Fossbergom or Lom is the administrative centre of Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the south shore of the river Otta, at the north end of the Bøverdal valley. The 1.47-square-kilometre (360-acre) village has a population (2024) of 839 and a population density of 571 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,480/sq mi). Fossbergom is the main population centre for the municipality and a large portion of the residents work in the tourism, commerce, and the service sectors.
Hista fabricii
Hista fabricii is a moth in the Castniidae family. It is found in Brazil. It mainly occurs in the southern and south-eastern parts of the country, in areas of the Atlantic Forest.

The length of the forewings is 34 mm for males and 42 mm for females. Adults are on wing from September to April.

There are some records of larvae foraging in Tillandsia aeranthos, but the food plant is unknown.

Castniidae
Castniidae, or castniid moths, is a small family of moths with fewer than 200 species: The majority are Neotropical with some in Australia and a few in south-east Asia. These are medium-sized to very large moths, usually with drab, cryptically marked forewings and brightly coloured hindwings. They have clubbed antennae and are day flying, and are often mistaken for butterflies. Indeed, some previous classification systems placed this family within the butterflies or skippers. The Neotropical species are commonly known as giant butterfly-moths, the Australian and Asian species as sun moths. The larvae are internal feeders, often on roots of epiphytes or on monocotyledons.
West Bengal Film Journalists' Association Award for Best Director
The West Bengal Film Journalists' Association Award for Best Director is given yearly by WBFJA as a part of its annual West Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards for Bengali films. The award recognizes the best director for a film released over the previous year.

Pratim D. Gupta
Pratim D. Gupta (born 11 November 1981) is an Indian journalist, film critic, screenwriter and film director. He started his career as a film critic for The Telegraph and later for Film Companion. His first film as writer-director is Paanch Adhyay (2012), starring Priyanshu Chatterjee and Dia Mirza. His subsequent films Shaheb Bibi Golaam (2016), Maacher Jhol (2017) and Chaalchitro - The Frame Fatale (2024) have received critical acclaim.
Muttrupulliyaa
Muttrupulliyaa is a Sri Lankan film about four individuals of Tamil descent living in Sri Lanka after the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War in 2009. This is the first film from Sri Lanka to describe this period

The story of Muttrupulliyaa  is told through a former female Tamil tiger rebel living in Jaffna with her three children and her husband missing after he surrendered to the Sri Lankan army,  a historian living in the Vanni; an environmental activist from Colombo and a young journalist from Chennai who travels to Sri Lanka.

The production team had to shoot undercover in Sri Lanka, hiding their real identities because of the risks. Despite these precautions, some of the film team were arrested or forced into hiding.

Muttrupulliyaa premiered at the Jaffna film festival.

Central Board of Film Certification
The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory film-certification body in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. It is tasked with "regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952." The Cinematograph Act 1952 outlines a strict certification process for commercial films shown in public venues. Films screened in cinemas and on television may only be publicly exhibited in India after certification by the board and edited.
Mark Welsh
Mark Anthony Welsh III (born January 26, 1954) is a retired United States Air Force four-star general and a member of the board of directors of Northrop Grumman. He was the 27th president of Texas A&M University, and is a former dean of its Bush School of Government & Public Service. Welsh was appointed by Barack Obama to serve as Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and was a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Welsh was the commander of U.S. Air Forces in Europe, the associate director for Military Affairs of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the vice commander of Air Education and Training Command.  In his early career, he served as a fighter pilot (primarily flying the F-16 and A-10 aircraft) and was a commander at the squadron, group, and wing level, in addition to assignments in training, operations, intelligence, and acquisitions.  He was also the commandant of cadets of the United States Air Force Academy.

Texas A&M University System
The Texas A&M University System is a state university system in Texas and is one of the state's seven independent university systems.

The Texas A&M University System is one of the largest systems of higher education in the United States, with a budget of $7.3 billion. Through a statewide network of 12 universities, 8 state agencies, and the RELLIS Campus, the Texas A&M System educates nearly 170,000 students and makes more than 22 million additional educational contacts through service and outreach programs each year. System-wide, research and development expenditures exceeded $1.6 billion and helped drive the state's economy.

The system's flagship institution is Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas. The letters "A&M" (originally A.M.C. for "agricultural and mechanical college") are retained to honor the university's former designation.
Joseph Albert Booker
Rev. Joseph Albert Booker (1859–1926), was an American newspaper editor, academic administrator, educator, minister, activist, and Black community leader. He was born into slavery and orphaned at a young age; Booker went on to serve as the president of Arkansas Baptist College and editor of the Arkansas state’s Black Baptist newspaper, The Baptist Vanguard.

Portland, Arkansas
Portland is a city in Ashley County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Portland had a population of 325. Portland was first settled in the 1830s, and named for its early status as a steamboat port. It was incorporated in 1893.
Pacidia gens
The gens Pacidia was an obscure plebeian or patrician family at ancient Rome.  Few members of this gens are mentioned by the historians, but a number are known from inscriptions.  The most notable may have been the two Pacidii who were commanders in the army of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus during the Civil War.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
North American A-36
The North American A-36 (company designation NA-97, listed in some sources as "Apache" or "Invader", but officially called Mustang) is the ground-attack/dive bomber version of the North American P-51 Mustang, from which it could be distinguished by the presence of rectangular, slatted dive brakes above and below the wings. A total of 500 A-36 dive bombers served in the Mediterranean and Southeast Asia theaters during World War II before being withdrawn from operational use in 1944.

The A-36 project was a stopgap measure intended to keep North American Aviation (NAA) assembly lines running during the first half of 1942 despite the US having exhausted its funds earmarked for fighter aircraft.

.50 BMG
The .50 BMG (.50 Browning Machine Gun), also known as 12.7×99mm NATO, and designated as the 50 Browning by the C.I.P., is a .50 in (12.7 mm) caliber cartridge developed for the M2 Browning heavy machine gun in the late 1910s, entering official service in 1921. Under STANAG 4383, it is a standard service cartridge for NATO forces. The cartridge itself has been made in many variants: multiple generations of regular ball, tracer, armor-piercing (AP), incendiary, and saboted sub-caliber penetrator rounds. The rounds intended for machine guns are made into a continuous ammunition belt using metallic links.

The .50 BMG cartridge is also used in anti-materiel rifles. A wide variety of ammunition is available, and the availability of match grade ammunition has increased the usefulness of .50 caliber rifles by allowing more accurate fire than lower-quality rounds.
Remote plasma
A remote plasma (also downstream plasma  or afterglow plasma) is a plasma processing method in which the plasma and material interaction occurs at a location remote from the plasma in the plasma afterglow.

Plasma processing
Plasma processing is a plasma-based material processing technology that aims at modifying the chemical and physical properties of a surface.

Plasma processing techniques include:

Plasma activation

Plasma ashing

Plasma cleaning

Plasma electrolytic oxidation

Plasma etching

Plasma functionalization

Plasma polymerization

Corona treatment

Plasma modification

Related topics are plasma chemistry, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition processes like sputter deposition, plasma iondoping, vacuum plasmaspraying, and reactive ion etching.
Duodenal cancer
Duodenal cancer is a cancer in the first section of the small intestine known as the duodenum. Cancer of the duodenum is relatively rare compared to stomach cancer and colorectal cancer. Its histology is usually adenocarcinoma.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Gardner syndrome, Lynch syndrome, Muir–Torre syndrome, celiac disease, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, Crohn's disease and juvenile polyposis syndrome are risk factors for developing this cancer.

The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine. It is located between the stomach and the jejunum. After foods combine with stomach acid, they descend into the duodenum where they mix with bile from the gallbladder and digestive fluid from the pancreas.

Juvenile polyposis syndrome
Juvenile polyposis syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by the appearance of multiple juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. Polyps are abnormal growths arising from a mucous membrane. These usually begin appearing before age 20, but the term juvenile refers to the type of polyp (i.e. benign hamartoma, as opposed to adenoma for example), not to the age of the affected person. While the majority of the polyps found in juvenile polyposis syndrome are non-neoplastic, hamartomatous, self-limiting and benign, there is an increased risk of adenocarcinoma.

Solitary juvenile polyps most commonly occur in the rectum and present with rectal bleeding. The World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of juvenile polyposis syndrome are one of either:

More than five juvenile polyps in the colon or rectum; or

Juvenile polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract; or

Any number of juvenile polyps in a person with a family history of juvenile polyposis.
The Chronicle of Philanthropy
The Chronicle of Philanthropy is a magazine and digital platform that covers the nonprofit world of philanthropy. Based in Washington, D.C., it is aimed at charity leaders, foundation executives, fund raisers, and other people involved in philanthropy. The Chronicle of Philanthropy publishes 12 print issues a year as well as daily Web coverage and multiple e-newsletters, including Philanthropy Today.

The Chronicle of Philanthropy was founded in 1988 by editor Phil Semas and then managing editor Stacy Palmer. It was initially owned by The Chronicle of Higher Education Inc., which also publishes The Chronicle of Higher Education, a weekly newspaper covering colleges and universities. On May 4, 2022, The Chronicle of Philanthropy announced plans to spin off and become an independent, nonprofit organization, As of February 2023, with approval from the Internal Revenue Service, that transition took effect.

The Chronicle of Higher Education
The Chronicle of Higher Education is an American newspaper and website that presents news, information, and jobs for college and university faculty and student affairs professionals, including staff members and administrators. A subscription is required to read some articles.

The Chronicle is based in Washington, D.C., and is a major news service covering U.S. academia. It is published every weekday online and appears weekly in print except for every other week in May, June, July, and August and the last three weeks in December. In print, The Chronicle is published in two sections: Section A with news, section B with job listings, and The Chronicle Review, a magazine of arts and ideas. It also publishes Arts & Letters Daily.
River Islands at Lathrop
River Islands at Lathrop is a planned community on a 4,800-acre (7.5 sq mi; 1,900 ha) site in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta in Lathrop, California, United States. As of 2024, approximately 3,500 homes of the Second-phase of 4,284 houses had been built.

Lathrop, California
Lathrop (/ˈleɪθrəp/, LAY-thrəp) is a city located 10 miles (16 km) south of Stockton in San Joaquin County, California, United States. The 2020 census reported that Lathrop's population was 28,701. The city is located  in Northern California at the intersection of Interstate 5 and California State Route 120, in the San Joaquin Valley.
1988 NCAA women's gymnastics championships
The 1988 NCAA women's gymnastics championships were contested at the seventh annual meet hosted by the NCAA to determine the individual and team national champions of women's gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.

A total of twelve teams competed for the championship, which took place April 22–23 at the Jon M. Huntsman Center at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Alabama won the team title, their first.

Kelly Garrison-Steves from Oklahoma again won the individual all-around title, her second consecutive championship.

NCAA women's gymnastics tournament
The NCAA women's gymnastics tournament is an annual competition sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to determine the team and individual national champions of women's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States. Unlike most other NCAA-sponsored sports, the women's gymnastics championship is not separated into divisions and uses a single National Collegiate tournament instead.
Subhani Ba Yunus
Subhani Ba Yunus (Urdu: سبحانی بایونس; 1931–2006), also spelled Subhani Bayunus,  was an accomplished Pakistani actor and television and radio personality whose distinct voice quality earned him a special place in Radio Pakistan. Younis was an Urdu-speaking Hyderabadi Muslim of Hadhrami Chaush descent. His claim to fame comes from Khwaja Moinuddin's stage plays, particularly Taleem-e-Balighan in which he played the role of a butcher.

His memorable plays were Lal Qilay Se Lalo Khait Tak, Mohammad Bin Qasim, Karawaan, Qisa Chahar Darwaish, Jungle, Mirza Ghalib Bandar Road Par, Do Duni Panch, Khuda Ki Basti and Tanhaiyaan. His last play for PTV was Ba Adab Ba Mulahiza, after which he virtually retired from acting
PTV drama series JAANE DO also starring Behrouz Sabzwani

Muhajir (Pakistan)
The Muhajir people (also spelled Mohajir and Mahajir) (Urdu: مہاجر) are a multi-origin ethnic group of Pakistan. They are the Muslim immigrants, of various ethnic groups and regional origins, who migrated from various regions of India after the 1947 independence to settle in the newly independent state of Pakistan, and their descendants.
Muhajirs come from various ethnic and regional backgrounds, with a significant portion of the community residing in Karachi and other major urban centers of Pakistan.

The total population of Muhajrs worldwide is estimated to be around 15 million, and the overwhelming majority of this figure (14.7 million) is located in Pakistan, according to the 2017 Pakistani census. Though the official controversial 2017 census of Karachi, which has historically hosted the country's largest Muhajir population, has been challenged by most of Sindh's political parties.
Domen, Norway
Domen (Norwegian), Duommabávti (Northern Sami), or Tuumeni (Kven) is a mountain on the Varanger Peninsula in eastern Finnmark county, Norway. The 164-metre (538 ft) tall mountain is located near the coast between the small fishing village Kiberg and the island of Vardøya. Domen is bare and flat-topped, with a steep slope towards the Barents Sea below. The European route E75 highway runs along the western side of the mountain from Svartnes to Kiberg. The road is often closed in the winter due to bad weather.

Varanger Peninsula
The Varanger Peninsula (Norwegian: Varangerhalvøya; Northern Sami: Várnjárga; Kven: Varenkinniemi) is a peninsula in Finnmark county, Norway.  It is located in the northeasternmost part of Norway, along the Barents Sea.  The peninsula has the Tanafjorden to the west, the Varangerfjorden to the south, and the Barents Sea to the north and east. The municipalities of Vadsø, Båtsfjord, Berlevåg, Vardø, Tana, and Nesseby share the 2,069-square-kilometre (799 sq mi) peninsula. Nesseby and Tana are only partially on the peninsula, with the rest being entirely on the peninsula. The Varangerhalvøya National Park protects most of the land on the peninsula.