hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese cruiser Hashidate
Hashidate (橋立, Standing Bridge) was the third (and final vessel) in the Matsushima class of protected cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy. The ship was the only one of the class constructed in Japan. Like sister ships, (Matsushima and Itsukushima) her name comes from one of the traditional Three Views of Japan, in this case, the Ama-no-hashidate in northern Kyoto prefecture on the Sea of Japan.

QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss
The QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss or in French use Canon Hotchkiss à tir rapide de 47 mm were a family of long-lived light 47 mm naval guns introduced in 1886 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines.  There were many variants produced, often under license, which ranged in length from 32 to 50 calibers but 40 caliber was the most common version.  They were widely used by the navies of a number of nations and often used by both sides in a conflict.  They were also used ashore as coastal defense guns and later as an anti-aircraft gun, whether on improvised or specialized HA/LA mounts.
Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the Pitcairn Islands since 14 May 2015. An ordinance to permit same-sex marriages was passed 7–0 by the Island Council on 1 April 2015. It received royal assent by Governor Jonathan Sinclair on 5 May, and entered into force on 14 May. None of the c. 50 Pitcairn Islanders residing on the island is known to be in a same-sex relationship. The Pitcairn Islands was the fourth British Overseas Territory to legalise same-sex marriage after South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Akrotiri and Dhekelia and the British Indian Ocean Territory.

Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the British Indian Ocean Territory since 3 June 2014. An Order in Council to legalise same-sex marriages was enacted by the Privy Council of the United Kingdom on 28 April 2014, and took effect on 3 June. The British Indian Ocean Territory, despite having no permanent population, was among the first British Overseas Territories to legalise same-sex marriage.
Monte San Salvatore
The Monte San Salvatore (912 m) is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps above Lake Lugano and the city of Lugano in Switzerland. The Monte San Salvatore funicular links the city with the summit of the mountain.

One of the villages on the slopes of Monte San Salvatore, Carona, is a popular destination to enjoy views over Lake Lugano and to walk through the exotic plants and flowers of Parco San Grato.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Marcellus Augustus Stovall
Marcellus Augustus Stovall (September 18, 1818 – August 4, 1895) was an American soldier and merchant. He served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War. After the war, he resumed business and civil interests.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Shumyachsky District
Shumyachsky District (Russian: Шумячский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Khislavichsky District in the north, Pochinkovsky District in the northwest, Roslavlsky District in the east, Yershichsky District in the southeast, Klimavichy District of Mogilev Region of Belarus in the south, and with Krychaw and Mstsislaw Districts, also of Mogilev Region, in the west. The area of the district is 1,367.70 square kilometers (528.07 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Shumyachi. Population: 10,713 (2010 Census);  14,032 (2002 Census); 17,678 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shumyachi accounts for 39.5% of the district's total population.

Mogilev region
Mogilev region, also known as Mogilev oblast or Mahilyow voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is the city of Mogilev.

Important cities within the region include Mogilev, Asipovichy and Babruysk.
2016 Russian Figure Skating Championships
The 2016 Russian Figure Skating Championships (Russian: Чемпионат России по фигурному катанию на коньках 2016) were held from 23 to 27 December 2015 in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The results were part of the selection criteria for Russia's teams sent to the 2016 World Championships and 2016 European Championships.

2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held from 14–20 March 2016 in Debrecen, Hungary. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Anna Dušková / Martin Bidař and Daniel Samohin became the first World Junior champions in figure skating from the Czech Republic and Israel, respectively. Japan's Marin Honda won the ladies' title and Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter took the ice dancing event.
Powers of the home secretary
The home secretary is one of the most senior and influential ministers in the UK government, and the holder of a Great Office of State. The home secretary's remit includes law enforcement in England and Wales, matters of national security, issues concerning immigration, and oversight of the Security Service (MI5).

The home secretary's exercise of these powers is dependent on the ongoing consent and agreement of the prime minister and the rest of the Cabinet, as required by the doctrine of Cabinet collective responsibility. The prime minister can overrule the home secretary's decisions. For example, Boris Johnson reportedly overruled Home Secretary Priti Patel on closing UK borders, and Margaret Thatcher overruled Home Secretary Leon Brittan on parole for Ian Brady and Myra Hindley. The prime minister can also dismiss the home secretary.

Secretary of State for Justice
The secretary of state for justice is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Ministry of Justice. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. Since the office's inception, the incumbent has concurrently been appointed Lord Chancellor.

The officeholder works alongside the other justice ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for justice, and the performance of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Justice Select Committee.
52 Europa
52 Europa is the sixth largest asteroid in the asteroid belt, having a diameter of over 300 km, though it is not correspondingly massive. It is not spherical but is shaped like an ellipsoid of approximately 380×330×250 km. It was discovered on 4 February 1858, by Hermann Goldschmidt from his balcony in Paris. It is named after Europa, one of Zeus's conquests in Greek mythology, a name it shares with Jupiter's moon Europa.

Hermann Goldschmidt
Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (June 17, 1802 – August 30  or September 10 1866) was a German-French astronomer and painter who spent much of his life in France. He started out as a painter, but after attending a lecture by the famous French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier turned to astronomy. His discovery of the asteroid Lutetia in 1852 was followed by further findings and by 1861 Goldschmidt had discovered 14 asteroids. He received the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1861 for having discovered more asteroids than any other person up to that time. He died from complications of diabetes.
47th New York State Legislature
The 47th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6 to November 27, 1824, during the second year of Joseph C. Yates's governorship, in Albany.

Warren County, New York
Warren County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,737. The county seat is Queensbury. The county was established in 1813 and is named in honor of General Joseph Warren, an American Revolutionary War hero of the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
James Milligan (politician)
James Keith Milligan (born 24 August 1978) is an Australian politician. He is a Liberal member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly from 2016 to 2020, representing the electorate of Yerrabi. He ran a graphic design publishing business before his election, and was communications director of the Gungahlin Community Council.

Milligan was defeated at the 2020 ACT election, losing his seat to fellow Liberal Leanne Castley, however he was re-elected in March 2021 in a countback of votes to fill a casual vacancy caused by the resignation of former Liberal leader Alistair Coe.

Canberra Liberals
The Canberra Liberals, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Australian Capital Territory Division), is the division of the Liberal Party of Australia in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The party has been in opposition in the ACT Legislative Assembly for much of its existence, but held power with the support of minor parties and independents between 1989 and 1991 and again between 1995 and 2001. As of 2025, it is the only state or territory division of either major party to be unrepresented in the federal parliament.
Last Mountain (federal electoral district)
Last Mountain was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1935. This riding was created in 1914 from parts of Humboldt, Regina and Saskatoon ridings

It was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed into Lake Centre, Melville and Yorkton ridings.

Regina (federal electoral district)
Regina was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1908 to 1935. This riding was created in 1907 from parts of the former Northwest Territories ridings Assiniboia West and Qu'Appelle ridings. It initially consisted of a part of Saskatchewan stretching from the south boundary of the province.

The riding was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed into Lake Centre, Qu'Appelle, and Regina City ridings.
109 Street
109 Street is an arterial road in central Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It takes travelers out of Downtown to the south to Old Strathcona, and to the north to the Kingsway area. It passes several Edmonton landmarks including the Garneau Theatre, Alberta Legislature Building, MacEwan University, RCMP "K" Division Headquarters, and Kingsway Mall. It is a one-way street, southbound, from 97 Avenue to Saskatchewan Drive (88 Avenue), to cross the North Saskatchewan River on the narrow High Level Bridge. Before Edmonton's amalgamation with Strathcona in 1912, the Edmonton portion was known as 9th Street while the Strathcona portion was known as 5th Street W. 109 Street between Whyte Avenue and Kingsway is part of the original alignment of Highway 2 through Edmonton, the designation was moved to Whitemud Drive in the 1980s.

Kingsway (Edmonton)
Kingsway, sometimes called Kingsway Avenue, is an arterial road in central Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, that runs on a northwest to southeast path, cutting through the city's normal grid pattern. It skirts just to the south of the former Edmonton City Centre Airport, and connects 118 Avenue, Kingsway Mall and the Royal Alexandra Hospital.

Until 1939, the road was called Portage Avenue and represented the northern boundary of development. During the 1939 royal tour of Canada, 70,000 people lined the specially constructed grandstands to see the royal motorcade with King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, and Prime Minister King, the street was renamed in honour of King George VI. In 1951, their daughter, the then Princess Elizabeth, visited Edmonton, prompting the naming of the adjacent Princess Elizabeth Avenue. It starts as 118 Avenue and turns southeast by 121 Street (where the CN rail line used to be), continues straight to 97 Street and turns east again as it becomes 108A Avenue.
Mulline, Western Australia
Mulline is an abandoned town located in the Goldfields-Esperance region in Western Australia. It is found between Kalgoorlie and Leonora in the Shire of Menzies.

Gold was discovered in the area in the 1890s and following a gold rush to the area the number of miners in the area resulted in the townsite being gazetted in 1897. The name of town is derived from Mulline Rock, a feature located just outside town. The name of the town was recorded by the surveyor Brazier in 194 and is Aboriginal in origin, although the meaning of it is unknown.

The main mine in the town was the Lady Gladys, which operated between 1896 and 1911. Another mine that was operating in the area around the same time was the Off Chance mine. A state battery was constructed in the area in 1899. Land was set aside for a police station, but never built on. Two hotels existed in the town by 1910.

Kalgoorlie
Kalgoorlie (/ˈkælˌɡʊːɹli/ kal-GOOR-LEE), also known as Kalgoorlie–Boulder, is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at the end of the Great Eastern Highway. It is referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder.

Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wongatha People. The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes. It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields. Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail. The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years.

During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,072, a slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013.
Packaging gas
A packaging gas is used to pack sensitive materials such as food into a modified atmosphere environment. The gas used is usually inert, or of a nature that protects the integrity of the packaged goods, inhibiting unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation. Some may also serve as a propellant for aerosol sprays like cans of whipped cream. For packaging food, the use of various gases is approved by regulatory organisations.

In the food sector (modified atmosphere packaging, MAP), the gas composition—typically N₂/CO₂ and, depending on the product, O₂—is selected to manage respiration and microbial growth; the atmosphere is applied by flushing the pack or by in-line injection. FAO guidance describes principles and uses, while manufacturer application notes provide examples of common gases and supply arrangements used in industry.

Their E numbers are included in the following lists in parentheses.

E number
E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU): 27  and European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added; In 1970 antioxidants were added; In 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.
Zhernakova House
Zhernakova House (Russian: Дом Жернаковой) is a building in Tsentralny City District of Novosibirsk, Russia. It was constructed in 1912. The house is an architectural monument of regional significance.

Tsentralny District, Novosibirsk
Tsentralny District (Russian: Центральный район) is an administrative district (raion) of Central Okrug, one of the 10 raions of Novosibirsk, Russia. The area of the district is 6.4 km2 (2.5 sq mi). Population: 78 794 (2017).
Shoqata Çamëria
Shoqata Çameria is a national political organisation supporting the rights of the Cham people and advocacy of the Cham issue. It is one of the main NGOs in Albania. It was created on 22 January 1991, which makes it one of the first NGOs registered since the pluralism.

Cham issue
The Cham issue is a controversy which has been raised by Albania since the 1990s over the repatriation of the Cham Albanians, who were expelled from the Greek region of Epirus between 1944 and 1945, at the end of World War II, citing the collaboration of the majority of them with the occupying forces of the Axis powers. While Albania believes that the issue should be re-opened, Greece considers the matter closed. However, it was agreed that a bilateral commission should be created, but only in regard to the issue of property, as a technical problem. The commission was established in 1999, but has not yet functioned.
Odeo
Odeo was an American directory and search destination website for RSS-syndicated audio and video. It employed tools that enabled users to create, record, and share podcasts with a simple Adobe Flash-based interface.

Odeo was originally developed in 2004 by founders Noah Glass and Evan Williams, who were the founders of Audioblog and Pyra Labs, respectively, and received funding from Charles River Ventures. Subsequently, Williams bought out Charles River's interest in the company, as well as that of several other investors, and re‑formed the organization under a new company, Obvious Corporation, which planned to develop new products, including Twitter.

Video aggregator
A video aggregator is a website that collects and organizes online videos from other sources. Video aggregation is done for different purposes, and websites take different approaches to achieve their purpose.

Some sites try to collect videos of high quality or interest for visitors to view; the collection may be made by editors or may be based on community votes. Another method is to base the collection on those videos most viewed, either at the aggregator site or at various popular video hosting sites. Some other sites exist to allow users to collect their own sets of videos, for personal use as well as for browsing and viewing by others; these sites can develop online communities around video sharing. Still other sites allow users to create a personalized video playlist, for personal use as well as for browsing and viewing by others.
Nieuwe Pekela
Nieuwe Pekela (Gronings: Nij Pekel) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Pekela, about 7 km (5 miles) southeast of Veendam. The village started as a peat colony, and was named after the river Pekel A. During the 19th century, the village was active in the maritime trade, and contains a museum dedicated to the maritime history. In December 1969, the first women strike of the Netherlands occurred in Nieuwe Pekela.

Veendam
Veendam (Dutch pronunciation: [veːnˈdɑm] ⓘ) is a town and municipality with a population of 27,752 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Veendam is also known as Parkstad (Park City). It is located on the N33 national highway which runs from Eemshaven to Assen.

Veendam was established in 1648 as a peat colony by Adriaan Geerts Wildervanck. The ribbon development so characteristic of this region has been adapted in Veendam. In the center of the town, the two canals, the Oosterdiep and the Westerdiep, formed a fork because the Munte River originally flowed here.

Holland America Line has named four ships Veendam after the town.
2001 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 2001 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 74th series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 10 November 2001 and 11 November 2001 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 11 November 2001, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 1–21 to 1–15 defeat of Connacht in the final at MacDonagh Park, Nenagh. It was their 43rd Railway Cup title overall and their second title in succession.

Munster's Alan Browne was the Railway Cup top scorer with 2–13.

2000 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 2000 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 73rd series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 11 November 2000 and 12 November 2000 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.

Connacht entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Munster at the semi-final stage.

On 12 November 2000, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 3-15 to 2-15 defeat of Leinster in the final at Nowlan Park, Kilkenny. It was their 42nd Railway Cup title overall and their first title since 1997.

Munster's Joe Deane was the Railway Cup top scorer with 1-11.
2012 Arizona Wildcats football team
The 2012 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wildcats played at Arizona Stadium in Tucson for the 84th straight year. The 2012 season was Arizona's second in the South Division of the Pac-12 Conference and the first for head coach Rich Rodriguez.

Casino Del Sol Stadium
Casino Del Sol Stadium (formerly Arizona Stadium until 2025) is an outdoor college football stadium in the southwestern United States, located on the campus of the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona. It is the home field of the Arizona Wildcats of the Big 12 Conference.  On November 17, 2025, The University of Arizona announced a 20 year naming rights deal with the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, with the venue now being called Casino Del Sol Stadium.  It opened under the name Arizona Stadium on October 12, 1929, at a cost of $166,888.

Originally constructed in 1929 to hold 7,000 spectators, the stadium's seating capacity has been expanded numerous times since. As of 2022, the stadium has a total capacity of 50,800. The facility also includes the offices of the Wildcat football program, as well as some non-athletic academic offices, including the Steward Observatory Mirror Lab.