hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abraham Zevi Idelsohn
Abraham Zevi Idelsohn (Hebrew: אַבְרָהָם צְבִי אידלסון Avrohom Tzvi Idelsohn in Ashkenazi Hebrew; middle name also rendered Tzvi, Zvi, Zwi, or Zebi; June 11, 1882 – August 14, 1938) was a prominent Jewish ethnomusicologist and composer, who conducted several comprehensive studies of Jewish music around the world.

Hazzan
A hazzan (/ˈhɑːzən/; Hebrew: [χaˈzan], lit. 'hazan') or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן, romanized: ḥazzān, plural ḥazzānim; Yiddish: חזן, romanized: khazn; Ladino: חזן, romanized: hasan) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful Jewish prayer. In English, a hazzan is often referred to as a cantor, a term also used in Christianity.

An individual leading a Jewish congregation in public prayer is also called a sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew: שליח ציבור, lit. 'messenger of the public'). Any person is called a sh'liach tzibbur while leading prayer. However, the term hazzan more commonly refers to someone with formal specialized training in leading prayers or who is appointed to lead prayers regularly in a given synagogue without a formally trained hazzan.
Federation of Regional Parties
Federation of Regional Parties (Spanish: Federación de Partidos Regionales, FPR) was a Spanish electoral list in the European Parliament election in 1989 made up from several centre-right regionalist parties. Navarrese People's Union (UPN) and the Regionalist Aragonese Party (PAR) were initially also expected to join the Federation, but chose to support the newly-founded People's Party (PP) instead.

Aragonese Party
The Aragonese Party (Spanish: Partido Aragonés, PAR) is a political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain. The party was founded in 1978 under the name Aragonese Regionalist Party, but changed its name in 1990, keeping the initials PAR. The founders of PAR included Emilio Eiroa, who later served as the President of the Government of Aragon from 1991 to 1993.

PAR had representation in the European Parliament between 1999 and 2004, where it sat in the European Coalition group.
Nikolai Chebotaryov
Nikolai Grigorievich Chebotaryov (often spelled Chebotarov or Chebotarev; Russian: Никола́й Григо́рьевич Чеботарёв; Ukrainian: Мико́ла Григо́рович Чеботарьо́в; 15 June [O.S. 3 June] 1894 – 2 July 1947) was a Soviet mathematician. He is best known for the Chebotaryov density theorem.

He was a student of Dmitry Grave. Chebotaryov worked on the algebra of polynomials, in particular examining the distribution of the zeros. He also studied Galois theory and wrote a textbook on the subject titled Basic Galois Theory.
His ideas were used by Emil Artin to prove the Artin reciprocity law.
He worked with his student Anatoly Dorodnov on a generalization of the quadrature of the lune, and proved the conjecture now known as the Chebotarev theorem on roots of unity.

Emil Artin
Emil Artin (German: [ˈaʁtiːn]; March 3, 1898 – December 20, 1962) was an Austrian mathematician of Armenian descent.

Artin was one of the leading mathematicians of the twentieth century. He is best known for his work on algebraic number theory, contributing largely to class field theory and a new construction of L-functions. He also contributed to the pure theories of rings, groups and fields.

Along with Emmy Noether, he is considered the founder of modern abstract algebra.
Crofton Downs railway station
Crofton Downs railway station is one of eight stations on the Johnsonville Branch, a commuter branch railway north of Wellington in New Zealand's North Island. It serves the suburb of Crofton Downs. Its name is similar to the pre-1908 name for the different Ngaio station, Crofton.

Electric multiple unit trains are operated by Transdev under the Metlink brand through this station in both directions to Johnsonville (to the north) and Wellington (to the south). The station is one of four stations on the line located on a curve.

Public transport in the Wellington Region
Public transport in the Wellington Region, branded under the name Metlink, is the public transport system serving Wellington and its surrounding region. It is the most used public transport system in New Zealand per capita, and consists of electric and diesel buses, suburban trains, ferries and a funicular  (the Wellington Cable Car). It also included trams until 1964, and trolleybuses until 2017.

Buses and ferries are privately owned, with the infrastructure owned by public bodies, and public transport is often subsidised. The Greater Wellington Regional Council is responsible for planning and subsidising public transport, and pays around $30 million for bus and train services each year. The system covers Wellington City, Lower Hutt, Upper Hutt, Porirua, the Kāpiti Coast and the Wairarapa.
2014 Sparkassen ATP Challenger
The 2014 Sparkassen ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts in Ortisei, Italy between 3 and 9 November 2014. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Marianne Watz
Marianne Watz (born 1940) is a Swedish Moderate Party politician. She has been a substitute member of the Riksdag since 2006. From 2006 until 2007, Watz was the substitute for Mikael Odenberg. Currently, she is the substitute for Beatrice Ask.

Mikael Odenberg
Mikael Ingemarsson Odenberg (born 14 December 1953) is a Swedish politician of the Moderate Party. He was a Member of Parliament from 1991 to 2006 and Minister for Defence in the Swedish government from 2006 to 2007. From 1 March 2008 to 28 February 2017 he was the director-general of Svenska kraftnät.
Shahfiq Ghani
Muhammad Shahfiq bin Ghani (born 17 March 1992), also known as Shahfiq Shahfiq or just Shahfiq, is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays either as a centre forward or attacking midfielder for Malaysia Super League club Negeri Sembilan and the Singapore national team. He is known as a free-kick specialist.

2013 Malaysia Super League
The 2013 Liga Super (English: 2013 Super League) also known as the Astro Liga Super for sponsorship reasons, is the 10th season of the Liga Super, the top-tier professional football league in Malaysia.

The season was held from 8 January and concluded on 6 July 2013. The Liga Super champions for 2013 was won by Singaporean side LionsXII.
Xanthoparmelia loxodes
Xanthoparmelia loxodes is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described by Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1872, as Parmelia loxodes. In 1978, Ted Esslinger created the genus Neofuscelia, which contained species previously classified in Parmelia subgenus Neofusca; Neofuscelia loxodes was one of many species transferred here. In a molecular phylogenetic study published by Oscar Blanco in 2004, Ana Crespo, John A. Elix, David L. Hawksworth and H. Thorsten Lumbsch, they showed that Neofuscelia did not form a clade distinct from Xanthoparmelia, and they reduced it to synonymy under Xanthoparmelia.

Xanthoparmelia loxodes is widely distributed in Europe, where it grows on siliceous rocks.

Xanthoparmelia
Xanthoparmelia (commonly known as green rock shields or rock-shield lichens) is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae.: 134  This genus of lichen is commonly found in the United States, South America, southern Africa, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.

The name means 'golden yellow parmelia'. The photobiont (photosynthetic partner) is Trebouxia (a genus of green algae).
Otto Smiseth
Otto Armin Smiseth (born 26 July 1949) is a Norwegian professor of medicine.

Hailing from Asker, he took his cand.med. degree at the University of Oslo in 1975 and his dr.med. degree at the University of Tromsø in 1993. His speciality is cardiac physiology. In 1995 he became a professor at the University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
Ken Maunder Park
Ken Maunder Park, previously known as Rewa Park is a reserve and sports ground in the suburb of New Lynn in Auckland, New Zealand.  It is the home ground of Lynn-Avon United and the Suburbs Cricket Club.

Whau River
The Whau River (Māori pronunciation: [ɸau]) is an estuarial arm of the southwestern Waitemata Harbour (rather than a river) within the Auckland metropolitan area in New Zealand. It flows north for 5.7 kilometres (3.5 mi) from its origin at the confluence of the Avondale Stream and Whau Stream to its mouth between the Te Atatū Peninsula and the long, thin Rosebank Peninsula in Avondale. It is 800 metres (2,600 ft) at its widest and 400 metres (1,300 ft) wide at its mouth.

The estuary extends past the suburbs of Glendene and Kelston. It has one small estuarial tributary arm, the Wairau Creek in the southwest. The tide flows up the Wairau Creek as far as Sabulite Road in Kelston, and up the Rewarewa Creek to Clark Street and Wolverton Road in New Lynn. The area at the mouth of the estuary is legally protected as the Motu Manawa (Pollen Island) Marine Reserve.

The Whau River is named after a native tree, the whau (Entelea arborescens).
Saša Kosović
Saša Kosović (Serbian Cyrillic: Саша Косовић; born July 18, 1979) is a Serbian–Bosnian professional basketball coach and former player. He is the current assistant coach for Zenit Saint Petersburg of the VTB United League.

KK Leotar
Košarkaški klub Leotar (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Леотар, transl. Leotar Basketball Club), commonly referred to as KK Leotar or Leotar Trebinje, is a men's professional basketball club based in Trebinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. They are currently competing in the Bosnia and Herzegovina Championship.
Grand Staircase
The Grand Staircase is an immense sequence of sedimentary rock layers that stretches south from Bryce Canyon National Park and Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, through Zion National Park, and into Grand Canyon National Park.

Kaibab Limestone
The Kaibab Limestone is a resistant cliff-forming, Permian geologic formation that crops out across the U.S. states of northern Arizona, southern Utah, east central Nevada and southeast California.  It is also known as the Kaibab Formation in Arizona, Nevada, and Utah. The Kaibab Limestone forms the rim of the Grand Canyon. In the Big Maria Mountains, California, the Kaibab Limestone is highly metamorphosed and known as the Kaibab Marble.
Vaughan Woods State Park
Vaughan Woods State Park is a public recreation area located along the Salmon Falls River on the western edge of South Berwick, Maine, at the New Hampshire border. The state park includes the restored Hamilton House, stands of old-growth forest, and 3 miles (4.8 km) of hiking trails. The lands were bequeathed to the state by Elizabeth Vaughan in 1949.

Salmon Falls River
The Salmon Falls River is a tributary of the Piscataqua River in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire. It rises at Great East Lake, Newichawannock Canal, and Horn Pond and flows south-southeast for approximately 38 miles (61 km), forming the border between York County, Maine, and Strafford County, New Hampshire.

The Salmon Falls River joins the Cochecho River near Dover, New Hampshire, to form the Piscataqua River.

It provides hydroelectric power at the New Hampshire towns of Milton, North Rochester, East Rochester, New Hampshire, Somersworth, and Rollinsford, and in Maine at Berwick and South Berwick. The final three miles of the river, from South Berwick to the Piscataqua, are tidal.

Local Abenaki Indians called the river Newichawannock (New-ik-a-WAN-nok), meaning "river with many falls". See Newichawannock Canal
Marie of Évreux
Marie d'Évreux (1303 – October 31, 1335) was the eldest child of Louis d'Évreux and his wife Margaret of Artois. She was a member of the House of Capet.

She was Duchess of Brabant by her marriage to John III, Duke of Brabant. Her paternal grandmother being Marie of Brabant, she was a great-granddaughter of Henry III, Duke of Brabant and so, her husband's second cousin.

Marie was the eldest of five children born to her parents. Marie's younger siblings included: Charles d'Évreux; Lord of Étampes, Philip III of Navarre; husband of Joan II of Navarre, and Jeanne d'Évreux; Queen of France by her marriage to Charles IV of France.

Marie of Brabant, Queen of France
Marie of Brabant (13 May 1254 – 12 January 1322) was Queen of France from 1274 until 1285 as the second wife of King Philip III. Born in Leuven, Brabant, she was a daughter of Henry III, Duke of Brabant, and Adelaide of Burgundy.
Logical Information Machines
Logical Information Machines, Inc. (LIM) is a software company based in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It markets Historis, a time series database and the Market Information Machine (MIM), a database that is built around Historis, and includes data and a near-English query language.

The Market Information Machine (MIM) was invented in 1988 by Tony Kolton, President and CEO of LIM, Danette Chimenti, LIM Director of Strategic Research and Ruben Gamboa, LIM Senior Technical Consultant. Danette sits on the board of directors and Ruben is on the Technical Advisory Board for LIM.

Historis, unlike a relational database, is optimized and designed to handle the large storage issues and fast data retrieval speeds required by time-series data (real-time, intraday, daily, weekly, monthly).

In December 2009, Morningstar, Inc. announced that it had agreed to buy LIM for $50.5 million.

Morningstar, Inc.
Morningstar, Inc. is an American financial services firm headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, founded by Joe Mansueto in 1984. It provides an array of investment research and investment management services.

With operations in 29 countries, Morningstar's research and recommendations are considered by financial journalists as influential in the asset management industry, and a positive or negative recommendation from Morningstar analysts can drive money into or away from any given fund. Through its asset management division, the firm currently manages over US$295 billion as of March 31, 2023.

The firm also provides software and data platforms for investment professionals, including "Morningstar Research Portal", "Morningstar Direct" and "Morningstar Advisor Workstation".
Zora Arkus-Duntov
Zachary "Zora" Arkus-Duntov (born Zachar Arkus; December 25, 1909 – April 21, 1996) was a Russian and American engineer whose work on the Chevrolet Corvette earned him the nickname "Father of the Corvette.": 6  He is sometimes erroneously referred to as the inventor of the Corvette; that title belongs to Harley Earl. He was also a racing driver, appearing at the 24 Hours of Le Mans four times and taking class wins in 1954 and 1955.

Harley Earl
Harley Jarvis Earl (November 22, 1893 – April 10, 1969) was an American automotive designer and business executive. He was the initial designated head of design at General Motors, later becoming vice president, the first top executive ever appointed in design of a major corporation in American history. He was an industrial designer and a pioneer of transportation design. A coachbuilder by trade, Earl pioneered the use of freeform sketching and hand sculpted clay models as automotive design techniques. He subsequently introduced the "concept car" as both a tool for the design process and a clever marketing device.

Earl's Buick Y-Job was the first concept car. He started "Project Opel", which eventually became the Chevrolet Corvette, and he authorized the introduction of the tailfin to automotive styling. During World War II, he was an active contributor to the Allies' research and development program in advancing the effectiveness of camouflage.
Jonathan Faña
Jonathan Rafael Faña Frías (born 11 April 1987) is a Dominican former professional footballer who played as a striker.

Faña is the all-time international top goalscorer of the Dominican Republic national football team with 24 goals.

2009 CFU Club Championship
The 2009 CFU Club Championship was the 11th edition of the CFU Club Championship, the annual international club football competition in the Caribbean region, held amongst clubs whose football associations are affiliated with the Caribbean Football Union (CFU). The top three teams in the tournament – W Connection, Puerto Rico Islanders, and San Juan Jabloteh – qualified for the 2009–10 CONCACAF Champions League.
Trap (3/9)
Trap is a sculpture by American artist Tony Smith which was made in an edition of nine with one artist's proof.  This bronze sculpture was designed to be large-scale, but was only realized in bronze of the smaller size in 1968.  The bronze was patinated to appear black.

Tony Smith (sculptor)
Anthony Peter Smith (September 23, 1912 – December 26, 1980) was an American sculptor, painter, architectural designer, and a noted art theorist. As a leading sculptor in the 1960s and 1970s, Smith is often associated with the minimalist art movement.
Lake Whangape
Lake Whangape (also written as Wangape, Whangapu, or Whangapae) is shallow, supertrophic, lateral and the second largest lake (after Lake Waikare) in the lower Waikato River basin in New Zealand. One source said the name translated to 'a large sheet of water', another that it was a chief's name.

From the 1860s the catchment has lost most of its forest cover and the lake has changed from clear and rich in aquatic vegetation to a murky, algal lake.

Paspalum distichum
Paspalum distichum is a species of grass. Common names include knotgrass, water finger-grass, couch paspalum, eternity grass, gingergrass, and Thompson grass. Its native range is obscure because it has long been present on most continents, and in most areas it is certainly an introduced species. Its native range probably includes parts of the tropical Americas.

This is a perennial grass forming clumps and spreading via rhizomes and stolons. It grows decumbent or erect to a maximum height near 60 centimeters. The inflorescence is usually divided into two branches lined with spikelets.

Paspalum distichum is a food source for several avian species, including the long-tailed widowbird.
Baiyunhu Depot
Baiyunhu Depot (simplified Chinese: 白云湖车辆段; traditional Chinese: 白雲湖車輛段) is a rail yard serving the Guangzhou Metro. It is located in the village of Yagang in Baiyun District, within Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The Baiyunhu Depot is east of Tinggang Station of Line 8 and the Hubin South Road Tunnel passes beneath the site.

Construction began in May 2013 and was completed by 21 March 2020. It has a total construction area of 283,000m2 and is the site of parking, cleaning, daily inspection, maintenance, and repair of trains operating on Guangzhou Metro Line 8. Starting 15 August 2020, the depot became the location for Line 8's dispatch and maintenance operations due to the renovation of Chisha Depot.

Baiyun, Guangzhou
Baiyun District is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. The district is located in the city's northern suburbs and is named after the Baiyun Mountain (the "White Cloud Mountain"), one of the area's natural attractions.
Unewel
Unewel [uˈnɛvɛl] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sławno, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Sławno, 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Opoczno, and 57 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Sławno, Łódź Voivodeship
Sławno [ˈswavnɔ] is a village in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Sławno. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) west of Opoczno and 64 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Outer enamel epithelium
The outer enamel epithelium, also known as the external enamel epithelium, is a layer of cuboidal cells located on the periphery of the enamel organ in a developing tooth.  This layer is first seen during the bell stage.

The rim of the enamel organ, where the outer and inner enamel epithelium join is called the cervical loop.

Inner enamel epithelium
In animal tooth development, the inner enamel epithelium, also known as the internal enamel epithelium, is a layer of columnar cells located on the rim nearest the dental papilla of the enamel organ in a developing tooth.  This layer is first seen during the cap stage, in which these inner enamel epithelium cells are pre-ameloblast cells. These will differentiate into ameloblasts which are responsible for secretion of enamel during tooth development.

The location of the enamel organ where the outer and inner enamel epithelium join is called the cervical loop.
Jeff Burr
Jeffrey Cameron Burr (July 18, 1961 – October 10, 2023) was an American film director, writer, and producer known for his work in horror sequels, such as Stepfather II, The Texas Chainsaw Massacre III, Puppet Master 4 and 5, and Pumpkinhead II.

Dalton, Georgia
Dalton is a city and the county seat of Whitfield County, Georgia, United States. It is also the principal city of the Dalton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Murray and Whitfield counties.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 34,417 people; the city's metro area was 124,837. Dalton is located just off Interstate 75 in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwest Georgia and is the second-largest city in northwest Georgia, after Rome.

Dalton is home to many of the nation's floor-covering manufacturers, primarily those producing carpet, rugs, and vinyl flooring. It is home to the Dalton Convention Center, which showcases the Georgia Athletic Coaches' Hall of Fame and hosts a variety of events.
2008 Nedbank Cup
Nedbank Cup is a South African club football (soccer) tournament. The knockout tournament, based on the English FA Cup format, was one of a weak opponent facing a stronger one. The competition was sponsored by ABSA until 2007, after which Nedbank took over sponsorship.

National First Division
The National First Division, officially known as the Motsepe Foundation Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest league of South African  football after the South African Premiership. Both the South African Championship and South African Premiership are organised by the Premier Soccer League.
Angufiru Margaret
Angufiru Margaret is a Ugandan politician, trained nurse and community worker who served in the Eighth Parliament of Uganda as a member of Parliament for Ayivu County, Arua district as an Independent Candidate.

Arua District
Arua District is a district in the Northern Region of Uganda. Like many Ugandan districts, it too shares its name with its administrative center of Arua. The name Arua is said to be derived from the Lugbara name for prison (Arujo) and prisoner (Aru), since the white settlers (Belgians and later British) had a detention center at Arua Hill.