hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ounce
The  ounce (/ˈaʊns/) is any of several different units of mass, weight, or volume and is derived almost unchanged from the uncia, an Ancient Roman unit of measurement.

The avoirdupois ounce (exactly 28.349523125 g) is 1⁄16 avoirdupois pound; this is the United States customary and British imperial ounce. It is primarily used in the United States.

Although the avoirdupois ounce is the mass measure used for most purposes, the 'troy ounce' of exactly 31.1034768 g is used instead for the mass of precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.

The term 'ounce' is also used in other contexts:

The ounce-force is a measure of force (see below).

The fluid ounce is a measure of volume.

Historically, a variety of different ounces measuring mass or volume were used in different jurisdictions by different trades and at different times in history.

Fineness
The fineness of a precious metal object (coin, bar, jewelry, etc.) represents the weight of fine metal therein, in proportion to the total weight which includes alloying base metals and any impurities. Alloy metals are added to increase hardness and durability of coins and jewelry, alter colors, decrease the cost per weight, or avoid the cost of high-purity refinement. For example, copper is added to the precious metal silver to make a more durable alloy for use in coins, housewares and jewelry. Coin silver, which was used for making silver coins in the past, contains 90% silver and 10% copper, by mass. Sterling silver contains 92.5% silver and 7.5% of other metals, usually copper, by mass.

Various ways of expressing fineness have been used and two remain in common use: millesimal fineness expressed in units of parts per 1,000 and karats or carats used only for gold. Karats measure the parts per 24, so that 18 karat = 18⁄24 = 75% gold and 24 karat gold is considered 100% gold.
Praseodymium acetylacetonate
Praseodymium acetylacetonate is a coordination complex with the formula Pr(C3H7O2)3. This purported anhydrous acetylacetonate complex is widely discussed but only the dihydrate Pr(C3H7O2)3(H2O)2  has been characterized by X-ray crystallography.

Upon heating under vacuum, other dihydrated lanthanide trisacetylacetonates convert to oxo-clusters M4O(C5H7O2)10. This result suggests that anhydrous Pr(O2C5H7)3 may not exist.

Instability constants (logYn) are 2.89, 4.17 and 5.29 (corresponding to n=1, 2, 3) have been determined for related materials. It can be prepared by the reaction of trialkoxypraseodymium and acetylacetone. When praseodymium chloride reacts with sodium acetylacetonate or lithium acetylacetonate in the solid phase, praseodymium acetylacetonate can also be obtained, but NaPr(acac)4 or LiPr(acac)4 will also be generated. It can form the green complex Pr(acac)3(phen) with o-phenanthroline.

Praseodymium(III) chloride
Praseodymium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula PrCl3. Like other lanthanide trichlorides, it exists both in the anhydrous and hydrated forms. It is a blue-green solid that rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a light green heptahydrate.
Richard Drauz
Richard Drauz (German: [ˈʁɪçaʁt ˈdʁaʊts] ⓘ; 2 April 1894 – 4 December 1946) was a Nazi German politician and Kreisleiter of Heilbronn, Germany. He was also a member of the Reichstag from 1933 until the collapse of Nazi Germany at the end of World War II in Europe. Drauz was one of the most fanatical and violent Nazi Party leaders in the final days of the war. He was tried and executed by American occupation forces for war crimes in 1946.

Kreisleiter
Kreisleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁaɪsˌlaɪtɐ]; "District Leader") was a Nazi Party political rank and title which existed as a political rank between 1930 and 1945 and as a Nazi Party title from as early as 1928.  The position of Kreisleiter was first formed to provide German election district coordination and, after the Nazi assumption of power, the position became one of county municipal government, effectively replacing the traditional German government establishment.

The rank of Kreisleiter was phased out of the Nazi Party in 1939, to be replaced by one of several paramilitary political ranks.  After this time, the position of Kreisleiter was denoted by a special armband.

The rank of Kreisleiter was originally the fourth tier in the Nazi Party hierarchy after the Führer, Reichsleiter, and Gauleiter. The fifth level beneath the Kreisleiter were the Ortsgruppenleiters.
Boutigny-sur-Essonne
Boutigny-sur-Essonne (French pronunciation: [butiɲi syʁ ɛsɔn] ⓘ; lit. 'Boutigny-on-Essonne') is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.

The nearby villages are La Ferté-Alais (aerodrome of Cerny – Jean Baptiste Salis: Annual international meeting) and Milly-la-Forêt (house of Jean Cocteau, historical village).

To see in Boutigny: the golf course of Belesbat and its 17th-century-old castle, cressonières, edges of the Essonne.

Boutigny-sur-Essonne is twinned with Lans, Austria, since April 23, 1961.

Cerny, Essonne
Cerny (French pronunciation: [sɛʁni] ⓘ) is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France. It is 53 km South of Paris.

It has an airfield named Aérodrome de Cerny - La Ferté-Alais, including an airplane museum.
3D object recognition
In computer vision, 3D object recognition involves recognizing and determining 3D information, such as the pose, volume, or shape, of user-chosen 3D objects in a photograph or range scan.  Typically, an example of the object to be recognized is presented to a vision system in a controlled environment, and then for an arbitrary input such as a video stream, the system locates the previously presented object.  This can be done either off-line, or in real-time.  The algorithms for solving this problem are specialized for locating a single pre-identified object, and can be contrasted with algorithms which operate on general classes of objects, such as face recognition systems or 3D generic object recognition.  Due to the low cost and ease of acquiring photographs, a significant amount of research has been devoted to 3D object recognition in photographs.

Structure from motion
Structure from motion (SfM) is a photogrammetric range imaging technique for estimating three-dimensional structures from two-dimensional image sequences that may be coupled with local motion signals. It is a classic problem studied in the fields of computer vision and visual perception. In computer vision, the problem of SfM is to design an algorithm to perform this task. In visual perception, the problem of SfM is to find an algorithm by which biological creatures perform this task.
Classification of Pharmaco-Therapeutic Referrals
The Classification of Pharmaco-Therapeutic Referrals (CPR) is a taxonomy that defines and groups situations requiring a referral between pharmacists and physicians regarding patients’ pharmacotherapy. It has been published in 2008. It is bilingual: English/Spanish (Clasificación de Derivaciones Fármaco-terapéuticas).

It is a simple and efficient classification of pharmaco-therapeutic referrals between physicians and pharmacists permitting a common inter-professional language. It is adapted to any type of referrals among health professionals, and to increase its specificity it can be combined with ATC codes, ICD-10, and ICPC-2 PLUS.

It is a part of the MEDAFAR Project, whose objective is to improve, through different scientific activities, the coordination processes between physicians and pharmacists working in primary health care.

Medical test
A medical test is a  medical procedure performed to detect, diagnose, or monitor diseases, disease processes, susceptibility, or to determine a course of treatment. Medical tests such as, physical and visual exams, diagnostic imaging, genetic testing, chemical and cellular analysis, relating to clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, are typically performed in a medical setting.
Pittston Township, Pennsylvania
Pittston Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. The population was 3,179 as of the 2020 census. The township is located within the Greater Pittston region. As of 2010, the total population of Greater Pittston was 48,020. The Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport is located in Pittston Township.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Walter Langton
Walter Langton (died 1321) of Castle Ashby in Northamptonshire, was Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield and King's Treasurer. The life of Langton was strongly influenced by his uncle William Langton (d. 1279), Archbishop of York-elect, by Robert Burnell, Lord Chancellor of England and then by the years in which he served King Edward I. Lichfield Cathedral was improved and enriched at his expense.

William Langton
William Langton (or William of Rotherfield; died 1279) was a medieval English priest and nephew of Archbishop Walter de Gray. William was selected but never consecrated as Archbishop of York and Bishop of Carlisle.

Langton was the son of Robert de Gray of Rotherfield Greys, who was the brother of Walter de Gray, Archbishop of York. Langton held the prebend of Strensall by 24 June 1245. He was named Archdeacon of York by 21 September 1249. By 23 April 1255 he was the rector of Great Mitton, West Riding, Yorkshire, and was named Dean of York by 16 March 1262. On 12 March 1265, he was elected to fill the role of Archbishopric of York, however his election was quashed in November 1265 by the pope. He continued to hold office as Dean and was elected Bishop of Carlisle on 13 December 1278 but refused the office.

Langton died on 15 July 1279 and was buried in the south transept of York Minster.
BioSLAX
BioSLAX is a Live CD, Live DVD, and Live USB operating system (OS) comprising a suite of more than 300 bioinformatics tools and application suites. It has been released by the Bioinformatics Resource Unit of the Life Sciences Institute (LSI), National University of Singapore (NUS) and is bootable from any PC that allows a CD/DVD or Universal Serial Bus (USB) boot option and runs the compressed Slackware flavour of the Linux OS, also known as Slax. Slax was created by Tomáš Matějíček in the Czech Republic using the Linux Live Scripts which he also developed. The BioSLAX derivative was created by Mark De Silva, Lim Kuan Siong, and Tan Tin Wee.

BioSLAX was first released to the NUS Life Science Curriculum in April 2006.

X Window System
The X Window System (X11, or simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on Unix-like operating systems. X originated as part of Project Athena at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984. The X protocol has been at version 11 (hence "X11") since September 1987.  The X.Org Foundation leads the X project, with the current reference implementation, X.Org Server, available as free and open-source software under the MIT License and similar permissive licenses.
Haigh, West Yorkshire
53°36′07″N 1°33′29″W﻿ / ﻿53.602°N 1.558°W﻿ / 53.602; -1.558

Haigh is a hamlet, northwest of Barnsley in South Yorkshire England. It is adjacent to the River Dearne which forms the county boundary with West Yorkshire and contains Junction 38 of the M1 motorway. The Yorkshire Sculpture Park in West Bretton is immediately to the north. Haigh was once known as Southange.

Haigh grew as a small pit village and had a colliery until 1968 when Woolley Colliery became the main source of employment until its closure in 1987.

Haigh was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Staincross Wapentake and the Parish of Darton. It became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in April 1974.

Woolley Colliery
Woolley Colliery was a coal mine sunk near Darton in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Coal mines in the area were worked as early as 1850, and in the 1860s two rows of terrace cottages were built to accommodate miners. The pit village, also named Woolley Colliery,  is now in the Darton East ward of Barnsley Borough Council in South Yorkshire.  The adjacent colliery site was reclaimed and is now occupied by a residential housing development named  Woolley Grange which is in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire.
Cultural depictions of turtles
Turtles are frequently depicted in popular culture as easygoing, patient, and wise creatures. Due to their long lifespan, slow movement, sturdiness, and wrinkled appearance, they are an emblem of longevity and stability in many cultures around the world. Turtles are regularly incorporated into human culture, with painters, photographers, poets, songwriters, and sculptors using them as subjects. They have an important role in mythologies around the world, and are often implicated in creation myths regarding the origin of the Earth. Sea turtles are a charismatic megafauna and are used as symbols of the marine environment and environmentalism.

As a result of its role as a slow, peaceful creature in culture, the turtle can be misconceived as a sedentary animal; however, many types of turtle, especially sea turtles, frequently migrate over large distances in oceans.

The Tortoise and the Hare
"The Tortoise and the Hare" is one of Aesop's Fables and is numbered 226 in the Perry Index. The account of a race between unequal partners has attracted conflicting interpretations. The fable itself is a variant of a common folktale theme in which ingenuity and trickery (rather than doggedness) are employed to overcome a stronger opponent.
Android Mini PC MK802
The MK802 is a PC-on-a-stick produced by Rikomagic, a Chinese company using mostly two series of systems on a chip architectures:

AllWinner A1X SoC, based on an ARM architecture, composed of an ARMv7-based Cortex-A8 1 GHz processor, a Mali-400 MP GPU, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, and a VPU CedarX capable of displaying up to 1080p video.

Rockchip RK3xxx SoC, based on an ARM architecture, composed of an ARMv7-based (Cortex-A8, Cortex-A9 and then, Cortex-A17 CPU for Rikomagic Mini PC MK902 series) beside Mali-400 (and Mali-T764 for MK902).

Android version history
The version history of the Android mobile operating system began with the public release of its first beta on November 5, 2007. The first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released on September 23, 2008. The operating system has been developed by Google on a yearly schedule since at least 2011.  New major releases are usually announced at Google I/O in May, along with beta testing, with the stable version released to the public between August and October. The most recent exception has been Android 16 with its release in June 2025.
South Kedah Expressway
South Kedah Expressway (Lekas, E4), or Sungai Petani–Kedah Inner Expressway (SPIKE), is a new expressway under planning in Kedah, Malaysia. "Lekas" stands for "Lebuhraya Kedah Selatan". The South Kedah Expressway is much similar to the North–South Expressway Central Link E6 (Shah Alam–Nilai North) in the Klang Valley. It will act as a bypass from the state of Penang.

North–South Expressway Central Link
The E6 North–South Expressway Central Link also known as ELITE, is a 63-kilometre (39-mile) controlled-access highway in Malaysia, running between Shah Alam in Selangor and Nilai in Negeri Sembilan. The expressway joins the separated northern and southern sections of the North–South Expressway, allowing interstate traffic to bypass Kuala Lumpur. The expressway also serves as a primary access route to Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
Håkollen Island
Håkollen Island is an island 2 kilometres (1 nmi) long, rising to 100 metres (330 ft), lying in the southwest part of the Øygarden Group, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and called Håkollen (the shark knoll).

Øygarden Group
Øygarden Group is a group of rocky, irregular islands in Antarctica which extends about 20 kilometres (11 nmi) in an east–west direction, lying in the southern part of the entrance to Edward VIII Bay. First sighted in February 1936 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the RSS William Scoresby, and considered by them to be part of the mainland. They were charted as islands by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition in January–February 1937, and named Øygarden, a descriptive term for a protective chain of islands lying along and off the coast.
SCR-68
The SCR-68 (SCR was a military term meaning Set, Complete, Radio) was a military radiotelephone used by the US Army Signal Corps as an aircraft radio in the waning months of World War I. Due to its many problems, primarily its inability to communicate with other radios, like its ground component the SCR-67 or the larger truck mounted SCR-108, over large distances, the SCR-68 quickly became obsolete. Nonetheless, the SCR-68 was one of the first steps towards developing more effective messaging between pilots and commanders, even beyond military usage.

Microphone
A microphone, colloquially called a mic (/maɪk/), or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in telecommunication, sound recording, broadcasting, and consumer electronics, including telephones, hearing aids, and mobile devices.

Several types of microphone are used today, which employ different methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an electrical signal. The most common are the dynamic microphone, which uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate; and the contact microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material. Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the signal can be recorded or reproduced.
Salvia disermas
Salvia disermas (dassie sage) is a herbaceous perennial shrub native to South Africa (the Cape Provinces, the Free State and the Northern Provinces), found in streambeds, moist forest, grassland, and disturbed ground. It was originally specified as rugosa, but was changed to disermas. It grows throughout west Africa, with its greatest concentration in South Africa, where it is used medicinally as a tea, and as a lotion for treating sores.

Salvia disermas is an evergreen that reaches about 2 ft (0.61 m) in height and width, with numerous stems growing from the rootstock, each with multiple inflorescences that curve upward. The icy white to pale mauve flowers are less than 1.5 in (3.8 cm) long and held in a small green calyx. The individual flowers are not showy, but the plant blooms profusely, and is rarely out of bloom. The long narrow leaves are pale apple-green with a fragrance similar to hay.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
1919 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1919 Michigan Wolverines football team was an American football team that represented the University of Michigan in the Big Ten Conference during the 1919 college football season. In its 19th season under head coach Fielding H. Yost, the Wolverines compiled a 3–4 record – the only losing season in Yost's 30-year career as a head football coach. The team was outscored by a total of 102 to 93 and finished in a tie for seventh place in the Big Ten. After winning three of four games to start the season, a stretch that included the Wolverines' first ever loss in the Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry, the team lost its final three games against Chicago, Illinois, and Minnesota.

Left tackle Angus Goetz was the team captain. Other notable players included quarterback Cliff Sparks, center/fullback Ernie Vick,  halfback Archie Weston, left end Robert J. Dunne.  Murray Van Wagoner, who later served as Governor of Michigan in the early 1940s, also started one game at left guard.

Murray Van Wagoner
Murray Delos Van Wagoner (March 18, 1898 – June 12, 1986) was an American politician. A supporter of progressive social and economic legislation, Van Wagoner served as the 38th governor of Michigan from 1941 to 1943.
Trusts & Estates (journal)
Trusts & Estates is a wealth management journal published by Informa which covers trust law and estates. It was first published in 1904 (as a periodical called Trust Companies) under the direction of Christian A. Luhnow, who was the editor, publisher and owner of the magazine at the time.

Today, Trusts & Estates publishes articles contributed by practitioners in the fields of estate planning and taxation, fiduciary professionals, family offices, insurance, investments, philanthropy, retirement benefits and valuations. According to trustsandestates.com, articles are generally peer-reviewed by an editorial advisory board. The journal is published 12 times per year with a Wealth Management Resource Guide bonus issue in December.

Estate planning
Estate planning or inheritance planning is the process of anticipating and arranging for the management of a person's estate or net worth during the person's life in preparation for future incapacity or death. The planning includes the bequest of assets to heirs, loved ones, and/or charity, and may include legal tax avoidance. Estate planning includes planning for incapacity, reducing or eliminating uncertainties over the administration of a probate, and maximizing the value of the estate by reducing taxes and other expenses. The ultimate goal of estate planning can only be determined by the specific goals of the estate owner, and may be as simple or complex as the owner's wishes and needs directs. Guardians are often designated for minor children and beneficiaries with incapacity.
WIBR
WIBR (1300 AM) was an ESPN Radio affiliated sports talk radio station licensed to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The station broadcast with power of 5,000 watts day, 1,000 watts night and was owned by Citadel Broadcasting Corporation. Its studios were located downtown and the transmitter tower was in Port Allen, Louisiana.

Citadel Broadcasting
Citadel Broadcasting Corporation was a Las Vegas, Nevada-based broadcast holding company founded and developed by Larry Wilson. Citadel owned 243 radio stations across the United States and was the third-largest radio station owner in the country. Just prior to Citadel's merger with Cumulus, only Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia) and Cumulus Media owned more stations.

On March 10, 2011, Cumulus Media announced that it would purchase Citadel Broadcasting. After receiving conditional regulatory approval from the Department of Justice and the Federal Communications Commission, the deal was approved by Citadel shareholders on September 15, 2011. The merger of the two companies closed on September 16, 2011, and Citadel was immediately absorbed into Cumulus Media.