hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liga IV Covasna
Liga IV Covasna is the county football division of Liga IV for clubs based in Covasna County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Covasna – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Covasna, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.

Romanian football league system
The Romanian football league system, also known as the football pyramid, refers to the system in Romanian club football that consists of several football leagues bound together hierarchically by promotion and relegation. The first three leagues are organized at a national level and consist of fully professional teams. Lower divisions are organized at county levels, with each county's football association controlling its respective leagues.

Reserve teams play in the same league system as their parent clubs.
Swordstaff
A swordstaff (Old Danish: sværdstaf), or staffsword (Old Danish: stavsværd, Old Swedish: stafsværdh, Middle Low German: stafswert), is a Medieval polearm mentioned in Nordic sources and sources pertaining to Scandinavia. It is a figurative term, referencing a spear, or similar, utilizing with a sword- or dagger-esque blade and crossguard. Archeological finds have been done in Sweden.

History of Danish
The Danish language developed during the Middle Ages out of Old East Norse, the common predecessor of Danish and Swedish. It was a late form of common Old Norse. The Danish philologist Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen divided the history of Danish into "Old Danish" from 800 AD to 1525 and "Modern Danish" from 1525 and onwards. He subdivided Old Danish into "Runic Danish" (800–1100), Early Middle Danish (1100–1350) and Late Middle Danish (1350–1525).
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation is an  influential computer science textbook by John Hopcroft and Jeffrey Ullman on formal languages and the theory of computation.  Rajeev Motwani contributed to later editions beginning in 2000.

Jeffrey Shallit
Jeffrey Outlaw Shallit (born October 17, 1957) is an American computer scientist and mathematician. He is an active number theorist and a noted critic of intelligent design.  He is married to Anna Lubiw, also a computer scientist.
Chris Perry (musician)
Chris Perry  (born Xavier Pereira; 25 November 1928 − 25 January 2002) was an Indian musician, composer, songwriter, and film producer who combined jazz with Konkani music. He is known in India as the "King of Cha Cha Cha" and the "Man with the Golden Trumpet", and was the composer of the signature song of All India Radio.

Usha Uthup
Usha Iyer Uthup (born 8 November 1947) is an Indian singer known for her deep contralto voice and her versatility across genres and languages. A prominent figure in Indian music since the 1970s, she has received a Filmfare Award, and was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri in 2011 and the Padma Bhushan in 2024 for her contribution in the field of arts.
CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.

Citadel Broadcasting
Citadel Broadcasting Corporation was a Las Vegas, Nevada-based broadcast holding company founded and developed by Larry Wilson. Citadel owned 243 radio stations across the United States and was the third-largest radio station owner in the country. Just prior to Citadel's merger with Cumulus, only Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia) and Cumulus Media owned more stations.

On March 10, 2011, Cumulus Media announced that it would purchase Citadel Broadcasting. After receiving conditional regulatory approval from the Department of Justice and the Federal Communications Commission, the deal was approved by Citadel shareholders on September 15, 2011. The merger of the two companies closed on September 16, 2011, and Citadel was immediately absorbed into Cumulus Media.
Hooke Point
Hooke Point (67°11′S 66°42′W﻿ / ﻿67.183°S 66.700°W﻿ / -67.183; -66.700) is a point near the head of Lallemand Fjord, in Graham Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey from surveys and air photos, 1946–59, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Robert Hooke, an English experimental physicist and author of Micrographia, which contains one of the earliest known descriptions of ice crystals.

Lallemand Fjord
The Lallemand Fjord (67°06′S 66°42′W﻿ / ﻿67.100°S 66.700°W﻿ / -67.100; -66.700) is a fjord located east of Arrowsmith Peninsula and west of Pernik Peninsula on Loubet Coast on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica. It begins at Sharp Glacier and runs over 48 km roughly south to north, flowing into Crystal Sound near Detaille Island, and entered between Roux Island and Holdfast Point.  The fjord was named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot after the French geographer Charles Lallemand.
Baneservice
BaneService is a Norwegian government owned railway construction and maintenance company. It is by far the largest subcontractor for Bane NOR and is owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications.

Second Bondevik cabinet
Bondevik's Second Cabinet governed Norway between 19 October 2001 and 17 October 2005. It was led by Kjell Magne Bondevik and consisted of the Conservative Party, the Christian Democratic Party and the Liberal Party. It had the following composition:
Proof (comics)
Proof is an American comic book series, published by Image Comics and created by writer Alex Grecian and artist Riley Rossmo. The story concerns John "Proof" Prufrock, a sasquatch, who works for a secret government organization. He hunts cryptids with his partner, Ginger Brown, and seeks clues to his past. The book was influenced by The X-Files and Tarzan.

The first issue was released on October 24, 2007. Besides individual issues and trade paperbacks, Proof is also available on the iPhone and iPod Touch.

Golem
A golem (/ˈɡoʊləm/ ⓘ GOH-ləm; Hebrew: גּוֹלֶם‎, romanized: gōlem) is an animated anthropomorphic being in Jewish folklore that is created entirely from inanimate matter, usually clay or mud. The most famous golem narrative involves Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel, the late-16th-century rabbi of Prague. According to Moment magazine, "the golem is a highly mutable metaphor with seemingly limitless symbolism. It can be a victim or villain, man or woman—or sometimes both. Over the centuries, it has been used to connote war, community, isolation, hope, and despair."

In modern popular culture, the word has become generalized, and any crude automaton  devised by a sorcerer may be termed a "golem".
Fiat Professional
Fiat Professional is the brand name and subsidiary of Stellantis which manufactures light commercial vehicles and their passenger variants. It was launched on 17 April 2007 and replaced the Fiat Veicoli Commerciali division. Fiat Professional is present in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions; the Fiat Automobiles brand is used in the Latin America region. The Fiat Ducato and the Fiat Doblò are rebadged as the Ram ProMaster and Ram ProMaster City respectively for sale in Canada and the US.

Fiat Doblò
The Fiat Doblò is a panel van and leisure activity vehicle produced by Italian automaker Fiat since 2000. It was unveiled at the Paris Motor Show in October 2000. A second-generation Doblò succeeded the original vehicle in 2010 for most markets, and it was sold in the United States as the RAM ProMaster City from 2015 to 2022. The second generation was also sold in Europe and the UK as the Opel/Vauxhall Combo. The third-generation Doblò, a rebadged version of the Citroën Berlingo, was unveiled in June 2022, and is also sold as the Opel or Vauxhall Combo, Peugeot Partner, and Toyota ProAce.
Francisco del Rincón
Francisco del Rincón, OM (29 January 1650 – 28 June 1723) was a Spanish-born Minim friar and prelate of the Catholic Church in the New World, in what is now the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, and Colombia.

From 1705 to 1714, Rincón was Archbishop of Santo Domingo, and was appointed Archbishop of Caracas in 1714, but he declined to accept the position. In 1716, he was appointed Archbishop of Santafé en Nueva Granada (now the Archdiocese of Bogotá), where he served until his death in 1723. He also had political influence in the Viceroyalty of New Granada, serving as President of the Royal Audience of Santafé de Bogotá from 1717 to 1718.

Basilian monks
Basilian monks are Eastern Christianity monks who follow the rule of Basil the Great, bishop of Caesarea (330–379). The term 'Basilian' is typically used only in the Catholic Church to distinguish Greek Catholic monks from other forms of monastic life in the Catholic Church. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, all monks follow the Rule of Saint Basil, and so do not distinguish themselves as 'Basilian'.

The monastic rules and institutes of St. Basil are important because their reconstruction of monastic life remains the basis for most Eastern Orthodox and some Greek Catholic monasticism. Benedict of Nursia, who fulfilled much the same function in the West, took his Regula Benedicti from the writings of Basil and other earlier Church Fathers.
Tevita Uluilakeba III
Ratu Tevita Uluilakeba III (October 4, 1898 – October 4, 1966) was the 12th Tui Nayau and Sau ni Vanua of the Lau Islands. He was the father of Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, founding father of the modern nation of Fiji.

Ratu Te, as he was known, hailed from the chiefly village of Tubou on the island of Lakeba in Lau Province. He became the Tui Nayau upon the death of his father, Ratu Alifereti Finau Ulugalala in 1934. His mother was Adi Ateca Moceiwaqa (or spelled Ateca Moceiwai), paternal granddaughter of Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau, the self-proclaimed King of Fiji, and daughter of Ratu Epeli Nailatikau I.

The origin of the Fijian farewell song "Isa Lei" is disputed, and one versions holds that Ratu Tevita Uluilakeba composed it in 1916 for Adi Litia Tavanavanua (1900–1983), when she visited Lakeba in 1916.

Lau Islands
The Lau Islands (also called the Lau Group, the Eastern Group, the Eastern Archipelago) of Fiji are situated in the southern Pacific Ocean, just east of the Koro Sea. Of this chain of about sixty islands and islets, about thirty are inhabited.  The Lau Group covers a land area of 188 square miles (487 square km), and had a population of 10,683 at the most recent census in 2007.  While most of the northern Lau Group are high islands of volcanic origin, those of the south are mostly carbonate low islands.

Administratively the islands belong to Lau Province.
Armazém
Armazém is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. Is located at latitude 28º15'43" south and longitude 49º01'03" west, with an elevation of 30 meters. The city's streets are embellished with manicured gardens. Armazém has an area of 138.6 km ² and was emancipated from the city of Tubarão on 19 December 1958.

Tubarão
Tubarão (lit. "shark") is a Brazilian municipality located in southern part of Santa Catarina state. The population, according to the IBGE/2020 estimate was 106,422.  It is the main city of the Tubarão River basin region, which comprises 20 municipalities and has a population of 350,000.
Phrixus
In Greek mythology Phrixus (/ˈfrɪksəs/; also spelt Phryxus; Ancient Greek: Φρίξος, romanized: Phrixos means "standing on end, bristling") was the son of Athamas, king of Boeotia, and Nephele (a goddess of clouds). He was the older brother of Helle and the father of Argus, Phrontis, Melas and Cytisorus by Chalciope (Iophassa), daughter of Aeetes, king of Colchis.

Gaius Julius Hyginus
Gaius Julius Hyginus (/hɪˈdʒaɪnəs/; c. 64 BC – AD 17) was a Latin author, a pupil of the scholar Alexander Polyhistor, and a freedman of Augustus, and reputed author of the Fabulae and the De astronomia, although this is disputed.
Italian sausage
In North America, Italian sausage most often refers to a style of predominately pork sausage. The sausage is often noted for being seasoned with fennel or anise as the primary seasoning.

In Italy, a wide variety of sausages, very different from the American product, are made.

The most common varieties marketed as "Italian sausage" in supermarkets are hot, sweet, and mild. The main difference between hot and mild is the addition of hot red pepper flakes to the spice mix of the former, while that between mild and sweet is the addition of sweet basil in the latter.

Sausages in Italian cuisine
A wide variety of sausages (Italian: salsiccia, Italian: [salˈsittʃa]; pl.: salsicce) are made in Italy, having evolved through the centuries into many regional varieties. The sausages will typically be either a type of fresh sausage (Italian: salsiccia fresca), or a type of dried sausage (Italian: salsiccia secca). There are also some types of sausages that can be either used fresh or cured, such as Tuscan sausages (Italian: salsicce toscane).
Marginal structural model
Marginal structural models are a class of statistical models used for causal inference in epidemiology. Such models handle the issue of time-dependent confounding in evaluation of the efficacy of interventions by inverse probability weighting for receipt of treatment, they allow us to estimate the average causal effects. For instance, in the study of the effect of zidovudine in AIDS-related mortality, CD4 lymphocyte is used both for treatment indication, is influenced by treatment, and affects survival. Time-dependent confounders are typically highly prognostic of health outcomes and applied in dosing or indication for certain therapies, such as body weight or lab values such as alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin.

The first marginal structural models were introduced in 2000. The works of James Robins, Babette Brumback, and Miguel Hernán provided an intuitive theory and an easy-to-implement software which made them popular for the analysis of longitudinal data.

Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. When referring specifically to probabilities, the corresponding term is probabilistic model. All statistical hypothesis tests and all statistical estimators are derived via statistical models. More generally, statistical models are part of the foundation of statistical inference. A statistical model is usually specified as a mathematical relationship between one or more random variables and other non-random variables.  As such, a statistical model is "a formal representation of a theory" (Herman Adèr quoting Kenneth Bollen).
Churriguera
The Churriguera family consisted of at least two generations of Spanish sculptors and architects, originally from Barcelona, but who had their greatest impact in Salamanca. The highly decorated Churrigueresque style of architectural construction is named after the family.

The family of José Benito de Churriguera (1665–1725) were sculptors, already known for their elaborate architectural decorations.  When José Benito began designing buildings, the decorations became even more extravagant and  exaggerated. Later both his sculptor brothers, Joaquin (1674–1724) and Alberto (1676–1750) were to become architects and the family tradition that was carried on by the next generation had begun.

José Benito de Churriguera
José Benito de Churriguera (21 March 1665, in Madrid – 2 March 1725, in Madrid) was a Spanish architect, sculptor and urbanist of the late-Baroque or Rococo style. He was born in Madrid to a Catalan cabinetmaker, gilder and altarpiece joiner, Josep Simó Xoriguera i Elies and to doña Maria de Ocaña, and studied under his father along with two of his brothers.

His excessively decorated style, which can be described as an obsessively over-wrought horror vacui on any surface or facade, led to the adjective churrigueresque. He and his two brothers Joaquin de Churriguera (1674–1724) and Alberto (1676–1750) were recognized as the leading architects of their time.
Never Say Die (1939 film)
Never Say Die is a 1939 American romantic comedy film starring Martha Raye and Bob Hope.  Based on a play of the same title by William H. Post and William Collier Sr., which ran on Broadway for 151 performances in 1912, the film was directed by Elliott Nugent and written for the screen by Dan Hartman, Frank Butler and Preston Sturges.  The supporting cast features Andy Devine, Alan Mowbray, Gale Sondergaard, Sig Ruman and Monty Woolley.

The Post/Collier play had previously been adapted in 1924 as a silent film of the same name and was remade as the 2004 South Korean film Someone Special. Other films with the same or similar titles are not related.

Never Say Die (1924 film)
Never Say Die is a 1924 American silent comedy film directed by George Crone and starring Douglas MacLean, Lillian Rich, and Helen Ferguson. The film is based on the play of the same name by American playwright William H. Post.
John G. Johnson
John Graver Johnson (1841, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – April 13, 1917, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was an American corporate lawyer and art collector. The Philadelphia law firm that he founded in 1863 continues under the name Saul Ewing. His collection of nearly 1,300 paintings forms the core of early European works at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Carlo Crivelli
Carlo Crivelli (c. 1430 – c. 1495) was an Italian Renaissance painter of conservative Late Gothic decorative sensibility, who spent his early years in the Veneto, where he absorbed influences from the Vivarini, Squarcione, and Mantegna. He left the Veneto by 1458 and spent most of the remainder of his career in the March of Ancona, where he developed a distinctive personal style that contrasts with that of his Venetian contemporary Giovanni Bellini.
Teso language
Teso (endonym Ateso) is an Eastern Nilotic language spoken by the Teso people of Uganda and Kenya and some speakers are in South Sudan. It is part of the Teso–Turkana language cluster.

According to the 2012 Uganda population and housing census, over 11.57 million people in Uganda (66.7 percent of the total Uganda population) spoke Ateso. Also, an estimated 279,000 people in Kenya speak the language. Its ISO 639-3 code is teo.

Ateso is spoken in the Teso sub-region. Ateso is also known as Bakedi, Bakidi, Elgumi, Etossio, Ikumama, Iteso, Teso or Wamia. It is closely related to Turkana and Karamojong.

Eastern Nilotic languages
The Eastern Nilotic languages are one of the three primary branches of the Nilotic languages, themselves belonging to the Eastern Sudanic subfamily of Nilo-Saharan; they are believed to have begun to diverge about 3,000 years ago, and have spread southwards from an original home in Equatoria in South Sudan.  They are spoken across a large area in East Africa, ranging from Equatoria to the highlands of Tanzania.  Their speakers are mostly cattle herders living in semi-arid or arid plains.
Timeline of US Navy airship units (pre-WWII)
Unlike later blimp squadrons, which contained several airships, the large rigid airship units consisted of a single airship and, in the case of the USS Akron and USS Macon, a small contingent of fixed-wing aircraft.

USS Los Angeles (ZR-3)
USS Los Angeles was a rigid airship, designated ZR-3, which was built in 1923–1924 by the Zeppelin company in Friedrichshafen, Germany, as war reparations.  She was delivered to the United States Navy in October 1924 and after being used mainly for experimental work, particularly in the development of the American parasite fighter program, was decommissioned in 1932.
Denmark–Russia relations
Denmark–Russia relations (alternatively: Dano-Russian relations) are the relations between the countries of Denmark and Russia. The Kings of Denmark and the Russian Tsars interacted from the 15th century onwards – subsequently Denmark's control of access to and from the Baltic Sea had considerable significance for the trade and naval flexibility of the Russian Empire, while rivalries between Denmark and Sweden on the one hand and between Sweden and Russia on the other led to alliances and military support.  Denmark and the USSR established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1924.

Russia has an embassy in Copenhagen and a consulate in Tórshavn (in the Faroe Islands); Denmark has an embassy in Moscow, a Consulate-General in Saint Petersburg, and an honorary consulate in Kaliningrad. Both countries border the Baltic Sea and are members of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Until 15 March 2022, both countries were part of the Council of Europe.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
National road 32 (Poland)
Droga krajowa nr 32 (translates from Polish as national road 32) is route that is part of the Polish national roads network. It runs through Lubusz and Greater Poland Voivodeships, leading from the former border crossing with Germany in Gubinek to Stęszew, where meets national road 5. Locally act as a bypass for small towns through the route. For a 14 km stretch it runs on the route of expressway S3. National road 32 connects Poznań urban area and Zielona Góra urban area with Polish-German border.

National roads in Poland
According to classes and categories of public roads in Poland, a national road (Polish: Droga krajowa) is a public trunk road controlled by the Polish central government authority, the General Directorship of National Roads and Motorways (Polish: Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad). All motorways and expressways in Poland are classified as part of the national roads network.

Other types of roads in Poland are under the control of entities at voivodeship, powiat and gmina levels: voivodeship roads, powiat roads and gmina roads.