hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Altstadt (Zurich)
The Altstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈaltˌʃtat] ⓘ, lit. 'old town') in the Swiss city of Zurich encompasses the area of the entire historical city before 1893, before the incorporation of what are now districts 2 to 12 into the municipality, over the period 1893 to 1934. Die Altstadt approximately corresponds to the area enclosed by the former city ramparts, and is today within the administrative area of the city called Kreis 1 (District 1).

With a population of 5,617 (as of 2015), it houses about 1.4% of the city's total population.

Administratively, District 1 is divided into four parts or quarters by the Zurich statistical office, Rathaus (town hall), Hochschulen (universities), Lindenhof ("lime trees courtyard") and City. Lindenhof and Rathaus correspond to the parts of the medieval city left (west) and right (east) of the Limmat, respectively, while City and Hochschulen include the area of the Early Modern city west and east of the medieval walls, respectively.

Bürkliplatz, Zurich
Bürkliplatz is a town square in Zurich, Switzerland. It is named after Arnold Bürkli, and is one of nodal points of the road and public transportation, and of the lake shore promenades that were built between 1881 and 1887. The tree-shaded square between Bahnhofstrasse and Fraumünsterstrasse is called Stadthausanlage.
Die Gruft
Die Gruft (German for 'The Crypt') is a charity run by the Caritas of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna in the 6th district of Vienna Mariahilf on the premises below the Church of Mariahilf (often: Barnabite Church). It opened in 1986, and is currently open 24 hours a day offering meals, shower facilities, shelters, overnight accommodation, medical and psychiatric care to people experiencing homelessness.

Homeless shelter
Homeless shelters are a type of service and total institution that provides temporary residence for homeless individuals and families. Shelters exist to provide residents with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.

They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations—fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances. Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather.
2015–16 Algerian Cup
The 2015–16 Algerian Cup is the 52nd edition of the Algerian Cup. The winners were MC Alger who qualified to the 2017 CAF Confederation Cup. MO Béjaïa were the defending champions, having beaten RC Arbaâ 1–0 in the previous season's final.

Algerian Cup
The Algerian Cup (Arabic: كأس الجزائر), also known as the Republic Cup (Arabic: كأس الجمهورية), is an annual knockout football competition in Algerian football, organized by the Algerian Football Federation.

The competition was founded in 1962 and is open to all eligible clubs of the Algerian football league system,. The winners automatically qualify for both the CAF Confederation Cup and the Algerian Super Cup the following year. If they have already qualified for CAF Confederation Cup through their league position, the Confederation Cup spot is given to the highest-placed team in the league who has not yet qualified.

USM Alger and CR Belouizdad are the most successful clubs in the competition, having won 9 titles. USM Alger have contested the most finals with 18  finals. USM Alger are also the most recent winners, having defeated rivals CR Belouizdad in the 2025 final held at the 	Nelson Mandela Stadium.
KA-Völlur
KA-Völlur, also known as Greifavöllurinn, is a multi-use stadium in Akureyri, Iceland.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and serves as the home stadium of KA Akureyri. Its capacity is around 1,000.

Knattspyrnufélag Akureyrar
Knattspyrnufélag Akureyrar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈaːkʏrˌeiːrar̥], lit. 'Akureyri Football Club'), commonly abbreviated to KA, is an Icelandic multi-sport club based in Akureyri in the north of Iceland. The club was founded in 1928. The football team currently plays in Besta deild karla and have won the top flight once in 1989.
Thespis (mantis)
Thespis is a genus of mantis in the family Thespidae.

The following species are recognised in the genus Thespis:

Thespis bicolor Chopard, 1913

Thespis dissimilis Westwood, 1889

Thespis exposita Beier, 1963

Thespis major Giglio-Tos, 1916

Thespis media Giglio-Tos, 1916

Thespis metae Hebard, 1922

Thespis parva Drury, 1773

Thespidae
Thespidae is a family of insects in the order Mantodea.  Following a major revision of this order in 2019, the old-world subfamilies Haaniinae and Hoplocoryphinae, previously placed here, have been upgraded to family level. Thespidae  are mostly Neotropical and few species have reached the Nearctic realm.
Double (association football)
The Double, in association football, is the achievement of winning a country's top tier division and its primary domestic cup competition in the same season. The lists in this article examine this definition of a double, while derivative sections examine much less frequent, continental instances. The Double can also mean beating a team both home and away in the same league season, a feat often noted as doing the double over a particular opponent.

The first club to achieve a double was Preston North End in 1889, winning the FA Cup and The Football League in the inaugural season of the league.

The team that holds the record for the most doubles is Linfield of Northern Ireland, with a total of 25.

South Africa and Trinidad and Tobago are the two countries with the most Double-winning clubs, with 13 clubs each.

Danish Superliga
The Danish Superliga (Danish: Superligaen, pronounced [ˈsuˀpɐliːˌkɛˀn̩]) is a professional association football league in Denmark and the highest level of the Danish football league system. The league is currently contested by 12 teams each year, with 2 teams relegated. It is the current Danish football championship tournament, and administered by the Divisionsforeningen.
Microsoft OneNote
Microsoft OneNote is a note-taking software developed by Microsoft. It is available for free on all platforms since 2014 and is also bundled with the subscription Microsoft 365 and one-time purchase Microsoft Office suites. OneNote is designed for free-form information gathering and multi-user collaboration. It gathers users' notes, drawings, screen clippings, and audio commentaries. Notes can be shared with other OneNote users over the Internet or a network. OneNote also includes the Sticky Notes feature that may be used on its own.

OneNote is also available as a free, stand-alone app via the official website and the app stores of: Windows 10/11, MacOS, iOS, iPadOS and Android. Microsoft also provides a web-based version of OneNote as part of OneDrive and Office for the web.

SharePoint
SharePoint is a web-based collaborative platform primarily used for building corporate intranets, document and content management, and file sharing. Developed by Microsoft, It is primarily used as part of the hosted service Microsoft 365, but it can also be hosted by an IT department or service provider, using an on premises version called "Server Edition". Launched in 2001, it was initially bundled with Windows Server as Windows SharePoint Server, then renamed Microsoft Office SharePoint Server, and then finally renamed SharePoint.

According to Microsoft, as of December 2020, SharePoint had over 200 million users.
Nambaryn Enkhbayar
Nambaryn Enkhbayar (Mongolian: Намбарын Энхбаяр; born 1 June 1958) is a Mongolian politician. He served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2000 to 2004, as Chairman of the State Great Khural from 2004 to 2005, and as the 3rd President of Mongolia from 2005 to 2009. He is the first person to have held all of the top three positions in the Mongolian government. He was the chairman of the Mongolian People’s Party from 1997 to 2005 and head of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party from 2010 to 2021. His eldest son, Batshugar Enkhbayar is a member of the State Great Khural from Mongolian People's Party. Due to his corruption scandal he is regarded as the godfather of corruption in Mongolian politics by the public media.

President of Mongolia
The president of Mongolia is the executive head of state of Mongolia. The current president is Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh.

Political parties with representation in the State Great Khural nominate candidates. The president was originally limited to two four-year terms, but this was changed to a non-renewable six-year term starting with the 2021 presidential election. The president can be removed from office if two-thirds of the Khural find them guilty of abusing their powers or violating their oath. Before inauguration, however, the president-elect must suspend their membership of any political party.
Māngere United League Football Club
The Mangere United League Football Club was a rugby league club which existed from 1915 to 1934 when they ceased to exist at the end of the season. They competed in the Auckland Rugby League competitions, predominantly in the lower grades. and were based in the Māngere suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. The club was predominantly made up of Māori players which was unique for the rugby league code in the Auckland region in its early decades.

Ellerslie Eagles
The Ellerslie Eagles are a rugby league club based in Ellerslie, New Zealand. The club was founded in 1912 and competes in Auckland Rugby League competitions. Its premier team competes in the Sharman cup. The club celebrated its centenary Queen's Birthday weekend, 2012.
Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation
Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation (French pronunciation: [aʁʒɑ̃tœj la p(ə)tit nɑsjɔ̃]) is a federal electoral district in Quebec. It encompasses a portion of Quebec formerly included in the electoral districts of Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel (69%) and Pontiac (31%).

Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, scheduled for 19 October 2015.

Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel
Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel (French pronunciation: [aʁʒɑ̃tœj papino miʁabɛl]; formerly known as Argenteuil, Argenteuil—Papineau and Argenteuil—Deux-Montagnes) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 2015.
Lachenalia
Lachenalia is a genus of bulbous perennial plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, which are usually found in Namibia and South Africa. Most of them have a dormancy period, but new roots will always grow every year.

Lachenalia is named after the Swiss botanist Werner de Lachenal (1736-1800). Species are sometimes known as Cape cowslip, though they are not even somewhat related to the true cowslip Primula veris.

Lachenalia bulbifera
Lachenalia bulbifera, syn. L. pendula, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to the Western Cape of South Africa. It is a bulbous perennial growing to 30 cm (12 in) tall by 5 cm (2 in) broad, with strap-shaped spotted leaves and fleshy stems bearing pendent tubular orange or red flowers 3 cm long, in winter and spring. The Latin bulbifera literally means "bulb-bearing", and refers to the plant's habit of producing bulblets, which can be separated from the parent plant and grown on.

This plant requires a sheltered, frost-free position, or it can be grown under glass. The species and its pink-flowered cultivar 'George' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Tisler
Tisler is a small island in southeast Norway. The name of the island comes from the Norse word for thistle, þistill, or tistel in Norwegian, coming from the round shape of the thistle's pericarp. Tisler is among the southernmost of the Hvaler islands, which form a municipality in Østfold. Tisler is one of the last islands before you reach Sweden and Skagerrak. The last family of farmers and fishermen moved from the island to Skjærhalden in 1939. Today, Tisler is not inhabited except for the summer, when many people come to their cottages to enjoy the sun and the warm climate.

Skjærhalden
Skjærhalden is the administrative centre of Hvaler municipality, Norway. It is located on the island Kirkeøy, location of the Ytre Hvaler National Park center. Its population (SSB 2005) is 642.

59°02′N 11°02′E﻿ / ﻿59.033°N 11.033°E﻿ / 59.033; 11.033
History of the University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin was originally conceived in 1827 under an article in the Constitución de Coahuila y Texas to open a public university in the state of Texas. The Constitution of 1876 also called for the creation of "The University of Texas” By the late 1990s, the university had the largest enrollment in the country and contained many of the country's top programs in the areas of law, architecture, film, engineering, and business.

Texas Legislature
The Texas State Legislature is the legislative branch of Texas. The Texas Legislature is a bicameral body composed of a 31-member Senate and a 150-member House of Representatives. It meets every two years in regular session, starting on the second Tuesday in January of odd-numbered years, and sessions can last up to 140 days. It’s a powerful part of the Texas government because of its control over state spending, its strong connection to the lieutenant governor, and Texas’s plural executive system.

In the 89th Legislature (2025), Republicans hold 88 of the 150 seats in the House and 20 of the 31 seats in the Senate.
Niut Range
The Niut Range is 3600 km2 (c. 1390 sq mi) in area.  It is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, although in some classifications it is considered part of the Chilcotin Ranges (which in some classifications are themselves part of the Pacific Ranges).  The Niut is located in the angle of the Homathko River and its main west fork, Mosley Creek.  It is isolated, island-like, by those rivers from its neighbour ranges, as both streams have their source on the Chilcotin Plateau in behind the range. Razorback Mountain is its highest peak.

Northwest across Mosley Creek is the Pantheon Range and due west is the Waddington Range and south of that is the Whitemantle Range; further northwest is the Klinaklini Icefield, beyond the river of the same name.  To the southeast across the great Grand Canyon of the Homathko is the Homathko Icefield, east of which beyond the area of Mount Queen Bess is Tsy'los Provincial Park.

Tŝilhqox Biny
Tŝilhqox Biny (Pronounced:	Tsyle-koh Bee), known as Chilko Lake, is a 180 km2 lake in west-central British Columbia, at the head of the Chilko River on the Chilcotin Plateau.  The lake is about 65 km long, with a southwest arm 10 km long.  It is one of the largest lakes by volume in the province because of its great depth, and the largest above 1,000 m in elevation.  It and Harrison Lake are the largest lakes in the southern Coast Mountains.

On March 11, 2019, the Province of British Columbia, working with the Tŝilhqot’in National Government, officially changed the name of the lake from Chilko Lake to Tŝilhqox Biny.
Cyaxares
Cyaxares was the third king of the Medes. He ascended to the throne in 625 BC, after his father Phraortes lost his life in a battle against the Assyrians, probably Ashurbanipal. Assyrian allies, the Scythians then ruled Media for 28 years before Cyaxeres overthrew Scythian domination and became king.

Cyaxares collaborated with the Babylonians to destroy the Assyrian Empire, and united most of the Iranian peoples of ancient Iran, thereby transforming Media into a major power.

Parthia
Parthia (Old Persian: 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; Parthian: 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. It was conquered and subjugated by the empire of the Medes during the 7th century BC, was incorporated into the subsequent Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC, and formed part of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire after the 4th-century BC conquests of Alexander the Great. The region later served as the political and cultural base of the Eastern Iranian Parni people and Arsacid dynasty, rulers of the Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD). The Sasanian Empire, the last state of pre-Islamic Iran, also held the region and maintained the seven Parthian clans as part of their feudal aristocracy.
Vesper sparrow
The vesper sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus) is a medium-sized New World sparrow. The only member of the genus Pooecetes, it is a pale sparrow with brown streaks that breeds across the grasslands of northern North America. It migrates to winter in the southern United States and Mexico.

Spencer Fullerton Baird
Spencer Fullerton Baird (/ˈbɛərd/; February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American naturalist, ornithologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist, and museum curator. Baird was the first curator to be named at the Smithsonian Institution. He eventually served as assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian from 1850 to 1878, and as Secretary from 1878 until 1887. He was dedicated to expanding the natural history collections of the Smithsonian which he increased from 6,000 specimens in 1850 to over 2 million by the time of his death. He also served as the U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries from 1871 to 1887 and published over 1,000 works during his lifetime.
Recombinant antibodies
Recombinant antibodies are antibody fragments produced by using recombinant antibody coding genes. They mostly consist of a heavy and light chain of the variable region of immunoglobulin. Recombinant antibodies have many advantages in both medical and research applications, which make them a popular subject of exploration and new production against specific targets. The most commonly used form is the single chain variable fragment (scFv), which has shown the most promising traits exploitable in human medicine and research. In contrast to monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma technology, which may lose the capacity to produce the desired antibody over time, or the antibody may undergo unwanted changes that affect its functionality, recombinant antibodies produced in phage display maintain a high standard of specificity and low immunogenicity.

Heavy-chain antibody
A heavy-chain antibody is an antibody which consists only of two heavy chains and lacks the two light chains usually found in antibodies.

In common antibodies, the antigen binding region consists of the variable domains of the heavy and light chains (VH and VL). Heavy-chain antibodies can bind antigens despite having only VH domains. This observation has led to the development of a new type of antibody fragments with potential use as drugs, so-called single-domain antibodies.
Sinks Grove, West Virginia
Sinks Grove is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, West Virginia, United States. Sinks Grove is located on West Virginia Route 3, north of Union. Sinks Grove has a post office with ZIP code 24976.

The "sinks" in Sinks Grove refers to the many dolines or sinkholes throughout the community.  Monroe County was once called "The Land of Sinks" for this effect of its heavily karstic geology.

Sinks Grove is part of the Second Creek watershed, draining into the Greenbrier River and then into the New River.

Secondcreek, West Virginia
Secondcreek is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, West Virginia, United States. Secondcreek is northeast of Union. The ZIP code for Secondcreek is 24974; however the post office was closed in 2010.

The community was named after nearby Second Creek.
Mary Margaret O'Hara
Mary Margaret O'Hara is a Canadian singer-songwriter, actress, and composer. She is best known for the album Miss America, released in 1988. She released one album under her own name, a film soundtrack that she made with collaborators, and a Christmas EP. She remains somewhat active as a live performer, as a contributor to compilation albums and as a guest collaborator on other artists' albums.

CBC Radio One
CBC Radio One is the English-language news and information radio network of the publicly owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. It is commercial-free and offers local and national programming. It is available on AM and FM to 98 percent of Canadians and overseas over the Internet, and through mobile apps. CBC Radio One is simulcast across Canada on Bell Satellite TV satellite channels 956 and 953, and Shaw Direct satellite channel 870.
A modified version of Radio One, with local content replaced by additional airings of national programming, is available on Sirius XM channel 169. It is downlinked to subscribers via SiriusXM Canada and its U.S.-based counterpart, Sirius XM Satellite Radio.

In 2010, Radio One reached 4.3 million listeners each week. It was the largest radio network in Canada.
Space Shuttle thermal protection system
The Space Shuttle thermal protection system (TPS) is the barrier that protected the Space Shuttle Orbiter during the extreme 1,650 °C (3,000 °F) heat of atmospheric reentry. A secondary goal was to protect from the heat and cold of space while in orbit.

Orbiter Processing Facility
Orbiter Processing Facility (OPF) is a class of hangars where U.S. Space Shuttle orbiters underwent maintenance between flights. They are located west of the Vehicle Assembly Building, where the orbiter was mated with its external tank and Solid Rocket Boosters before transport to the launch pad. OPF-1 and OPF-2 are connected with a low bay between them, while OPF-3 is across the street.

OPF-3 was previously called the Orbiter Maintenance & Refurbishment Facility (OMRF), but was upgraded to a fully functioning OPF.
Muckle Spate
The Muckle Spate was a great flood in August 1829, which devastated much of Strathspey, in the north east of Scotland. Muckle is a Scots word for 'much' or 'great'.

It began raining on the evening of 2 August 1829, and continued into the next day when a thunderstorm broke over the Cairngorms. To the south, the River Dee rose rapidly above its normal level - 15 ft (4.6 m) in places (27 ft at Banchory). The Rivers Nairn, Findhorn, Lossie and Spey were affected, to the north.

Thomas Dick Lauder
Sir Thomas Dick Lauder of Fountainhall, 7th Baronet, FRSE FSA (Scot) LLD (13 August 1784 – 29 May 1848) was a Scottish author. He served as Secretary to the Board of Manufactures (1839–), on the Herring Fisheries Board, at the Royal Institution for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts, and as Deputy Lieutenant of both counties of Moray and Haddington.

He was the only son of Sir Andrew Dick-Lauder, 6th Baronet, whom he succeeded in 1820.
IEEE Joseph F. Keithley Award in Instrumentation and Measurement
The IEEE Joseph F. Keithley Award in Instrumentation and Measurement is a Technical Field Award of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) that was established by the IEEE Board of Directors in 2001 and first awarded in 2004. It is named in honor of Joseph F. Keithley, the founder of Keithley Instruments, and it replaced the previous IEEE Morris E. Leeds Award, which was named in honor of Morris E. Leeds, an inventor of electrical measuring devices and controls. The award is presented annually for outstanding contributions in electrical measurements, and is sponsored by Keithley Instruments and the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society.

The award is not to be confused with the similarly-named Joseph F. Keithley Award For Advances in Measurement Science of the American Physical Society, which was also endowed by Keithley Instruments.

Keithley Instruments
Keithley Instruments is a measurement and instrument company headquartered in Solon, Ohio, that develops, manufactures, markets, and sells data acquisition products, as well as complete systems for high-volume production and assembly testing.

In September, 2010, the company agreed to sell itself to the Danaher Corporation, a Washington, D.C.–based conglomerate, for $21.60 per share.  It was soon merged with Tektronix, Inc, which had been acquired by Danaher in 2007, and now exists wholly as a brand of Tektronix.