hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semantic phonology
Semantic phonology is a model for sign language "phonology" proposed by William Stokoe (1991) It represents a notable departure from the models of the preceding 30 years, which were all based in large part on an earlier model originally called "cherology" but soon re-christened "sign language phonology". This model had also been proposed first by Stokoe.

Under this new model the parameter which under other models is analyzed as handshape is in fact the subject (or, as (Morgan 2009) argues the absolutive—i.e. subject of intransitive verbs and object of transitive verbs) and what is the parameter which is analyzed usually as movement represents the verb. Thus, even lexical signs represent full predications.

The "Semantic Phonology" model has largely been ignored by the mainstream of sign language phonology, which continue to follow a model more in "tune" with generative phonological models which grew out of the same Structuralist tradition as Stokoe's original cherology.

Handshape
In sign languages, handshape, or dez, refers to the distinctive configurations that the hands take as they are used to form words. In Stokoe terminology it is known as the DEZ, an abbreviation of designator. Handshape is one of five components of a sign, along with location (TAB), orientation (ORI), movement (SIG), and nonmanual features. Different sign languages make use of different handshapes.
Motobdella
Motobdella is a genus of leeches in the family Erpobdellidae. It contains two species:

Motobdella montezuma (Davies, Singhal, and Blinn, 1985)

Motobdella sedonensis Govedich, Blinn, Keim & Davies, 1998

Motobdella montezuma
Motobdella montezuma is a species of leech which is only found in Montezuma Well, central Arizona, United States. It is a nocturnal pelagic predator that feeds almost exclusively on the endemic amphipod Hyalella montezuma, which it detects using passive sonar and swallows whole.
Gorenje Karteljevo
Gorenje Karteljevo (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾeːnjɛ kaɾtɛˈljeːʋɔ]) is a settlement in the hills north of the town of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The entire City Municipality of Novo Mesto is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to the Primus and Felician and belongs to the Parish of Mirna Peč. It is a medieval building that was restyled in the Baroque in the 17th century.

Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋɔ ˈmèːstɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Novo mesto; also known by alternative names) is the seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and the seat of the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It lies on a bend of the Krka River, close to the border with Croatia.
Harttia torrenticola
Harttia torrenticola is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to Brazil, where it is found in the Rio Velhas and Paraopeba rivers, in the São Francisco River basin of Minas Gerais. This species grows to a standard length of 13.8 cm (5.4 in).

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Michael Stever
Michael Stever is an American film director and editor, cinematographer, producer, writer and actor who's known for his work on Super Force, Broadway: The Golden Age By The Legends Who Were There, Every Act of Life and his debut documentary short films, Saturday Nightmares: The Ultimate Horror Expo! and Resurrecting Carrie.

BroadwayWorld
BroadwayWorld is a theatre news website based in New York City, New York. Launched in 2003, the site covers Broadway, Off-Broadway, regional, and international theater productions, with sections devoted to particular countries, cities, or regions. The website publishes theatre news, interviews, reviews, and other coverage related to theater. It also includes an online message board for theater fans.

The  UK / West End section awards the UK / West End BroadwayWorld Awards each year, based on votes by theater-goers to productions in the UK.
HMS Lynx (F27)
HMS Lynx (F27), was a Leopard-class Type 41 anti aircraft frigate of the Royal Navy, named after the lynx.

She was laid down by John Brown & Company, Clydebank, Scotland, on 13 August 1953, launched on 12 January 1955, and commissioned on 14 March 1957. On 12 March 1982 she was sold to the Bangladesh Navy and renamed BNS Abu Bakr. She was decommissioned and scrapped in 2014.

Leopard-class frigate
The Type 41 or Leopard class were a class of anti-aircraft defence frigates built for the Royal Navy (four ships) and Indian Navy (three ships) in the 1950s. The Type 41, together with the Type 61 variant, introduced diesel propulsion into the Royal Navy, the perceived benefits being long range, low fuel use, reduced crew (especially skilled artificers), and reduced complexity.

Although successful, improvements in traditional steam turbine technology erased the fuel economy advantage of the diesel powerplants and led to production being curtailed in favour of the Type 12 frigate, which was similar in overall design.
Princess Muneerah Madhul Bolkiah
Muneerah Madhul Bolkiah binti Al-Muhtadee Billah (Jawi: مونيايراه مدهول بولكيه; born 2 January 2011) is a member of the royal family of Brunei. She is the eldest daughter of Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah and Crown Princess Sarah and a granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei.

Hassanal Bolkiah
Hassanal Bolkiah Muiz'zaddin Wad'daulah (born 15 July 1946) is Sultan of Brunei, reigning since 1967, and has also served as Prime Minister of Brunei since its independence from British rule in 1984. He is among the world's few remaining absolute monarchs.

The eldest son of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Damit, he is the 29th sultan to ascend to the Bruneian throne, following the abdication of his father in 1967. The Sultan has been ranked among the wealthiest individuals in the world. As of 2023, Hassanal Bolkiah is said to have a net worth of $50 billion. He is the world's longest-reigning current monarch and the longest-serving current head of state. On 5 October 2017, Bolkiah celebrated his Golden Jubilee to mark the 50th year of his reign.
Roller hockey at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Squads and statistics
Below are listed the squad constitutions for every nation which presented a team to the roller hockey competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Along with the rosters are also displayed total statistics per player and some general competition statistics.

Portugal at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Portugal competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. 90 competitors, 68 men and 22 women, took part in 71 events in 14 sports.

These Olympics saw Portugal listing the biggest share of competitors in the athletics, but also debuting in the tennis and badminton events, recently elevated to Olympic sports, as with the women's judo. Portugal also participated in the roller hockey tournament (demonstration sport), as current world champions, but finishing just outside the podium.
Angola–South Africa relations
Relations between Angola and South Africa in the post-apartheid era are quite strong as the ruling parties in both states, the African National Congress in South Africa and the MPLA in Angola, fought together during the Angolan Civil War and South African Border War. They fought against UNITA rebels, based in Angola, and the apartheid-era government in South Africa which supported them. Nelson Mandela mediated between the MPLA and UNITA during the final years of the Angolan Civil War. Although South Africa was preponderant in terms of relative capabilities during the late twentieth century, the recent growth of Angola has led to a more balanced relation.

MPLA
The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola, abbr. MPLA), from 1977 to 1990 called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola – Partido do Trabalho), is an Angolan social democratic political party. The MPLA fought against the Portuguese Army in the Angolan War of Independence from 1961 to 1974, and defeated the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) in the Angolan Civil War, which has been described as "one of the longest, most brutal and deadliest wars of the last century." The party has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975, being the de facto government throughout the civil war and continuing to rule afterwards.
March First Movement in Longjing
The Longjing Manse Movement (Korean: 용정 만세운동; Hanja: 龍井萬歲運動) occurred on March 13, 1919 in what is now Longjing, Jilin, Republic of China. During this event, unarmed Korean peaceful protestors were fired on by Chinese soldiers under warlord Zhang Zuolin, which caused 17 or 19 deaths and around 30 injuries. This incident was one among various March 1st Movement protests by the Korean diaspora.

Estimates from eyewitnesses place the number of protestors to be around 20,000 to 30,000. This would represent around 10% of the total population of Jiandao ("Gando" in Korean) at the time. The protest was the first of its kind for Koreans in Jiandao, and is remembered for its role in bolstering the independence movement and inspiring similar subsequent protests there.

Flag of South Korea
The national flag of the Republic of Korea (South Korea), also known as the Taegeukgi (Korean: 태극기; Hanja: 太極旗), consists of three components: a white rectangular background, a red and blue taegeuk in its center, accompanied by four black trigrams, one in each corner. The predecessors to the current Taegeukgi were used as the national flag of Korea by the Joseon dynasty, the Korean Empire, as well as the Korean government-in-exile during Japanese rule. South Korea adopted Taegeukgi for its national flag in 1948.
St Andrew's Church, Great Ness
St Andrew's Church is in the village of Great Ness, Shropshire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Ellesmere, the archdeaconry of Salop, and the diocese of Lichfield.  Its benefice is united with those of St Martin, Little Ness, and St John the Baptist, Ruyton-XI-Towns.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Diocese of Lichfield
The Diocese of Lichfield is a Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury, England. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq mi) of several counties: almost all of Staffordshire, northern Shropshire, a significant portion of the West Midlands, and very small portions of Warwickshire and Powys (Wales).
Téhiri
Téhiri is a village in southern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Bayota, Gagnoa Department, Gôh Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.

Téhiri was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Bayota
Bayota is a town in south-central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Gagnoa Department in Gôh Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.

Bayota was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Bayota was 54,125.
Caneyville Christian Community
The Caneyville Christian Community was an Anabaptist community, located in Caneyville, Kentucky, living a plain conservative lifestyle, true to the vision of former Old Order Amish bishop Elmo Stoll. G. C. Waldrep classifies them as "para-Amish". Among Anabaptists the community is often simply called "Caneyville".

In 2021 both settlements of the Community, Caneyville and Brownsville, ended their independence and joined the Michigan Churches affiliation of the Old Order Amish. Later, Brownsville disbanded entirely, and Caneyville began affiliation with Blessed Hope Christian Fellowship near Windsor, Kentucky. Blessed Hope Christian Fellowship is an offshoot of the churches originally associated with Charity Christian Fellowship.

Noah Hoover Mennonite
The Noah Hoover Mennonites, called "Old Order Mennonite Church (Hoover)" by the Mennonite World Conference, and sometimes called "Scottsville Mennonites”, are a group of very plain Old Order Mennonites that originally came from the Stauffer Mennonites and later merged with several other groups. Today it is seen as an independent branch of Old Order Mennonites. The group differs from other Old Order Mennonites by having settlements outside the US and Canada (in Belize) and by attracting new members from other groups on a larger scale. They have more restrictions on modern technology than all other Old Order Mennonite groups. They are rather intentionalist minded than ultra traditional.
Bakkebø Church
Bakkebø Church (Norwegian: Bakkebø kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Eigersund Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the northern part of the town of Egersund. It is one of the two churches for the Egersund parish which is part of the Dalane prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, concrete church was built in a rectangular style in 1960 using designs by the architects Arnstein Arneberg and Olav S. Platou. The church seats about 400 people. It was consecrated on 29 May 1960.

In the first years, the church had two electronic organs, and in 1974 a pipe organ was built by Jehmlich Orgelbau Dresden.

Eigersund
Eigersund is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Dalane. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Egersund. The town was known for its pottery factory (closed in 1979) and it is among Norway's biggest fishing ports. The villages of Helleland, Hellvik, and Hestnes are also in Eigersund.

The island of Eigerøya lies just off shore from Egersund. The island has several well-known businesses and attractions including the Eigerøy war memorial from World War II.

The 432-square-kilometre (167 sq mi) municipality is the 228th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Eigersund is the 80th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 15,011. The municipality's population density is 38.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (100/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.
Butley, Suffolk
Butley is a village and civil parish in the English county of Suffolk.

Butley lies 7+1⁄2 miles (12 km) east of the town of Woodbridge on the B1084 (Orford) road. Administratively, Butley forms part of the East Suffolk district; from 1934 to 1974 it had been part of the former Deben Rural District, and then from 1974 to 2019 it had been part of the former Suffolk Coastal District Council.

Woodbridge, Suffolk
Woodbridge is a port town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. It is 8 miles (13 km) up the River Deben from the sea. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Ipswich and around 74 miles (119 km) north-east of London. In 2011 it had a population of 7,749.

The town is close to some major archaeological sites of the Anglo-Saxon period, including the Sutton Hoo burial ship. It is well known for its boating harbour and tide mill next to the River Deben, in the Suffolk & Essex Coast & Heaths National Landscape. Several festivals are held. As a "gem in Suffolk's crown" (according to The Suffolk Coast tourist site) it has been named the best place to live in the East of England.
Large niltava
The large niltava (Niltava grandis) is a species of bird in the Old world flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical montane forests.

Edward Blyth
Edward Blyth (23 December 1810 – 27 December 1873) was an English zoologist who worked for most of his life in India as a curator of zoology at the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He catalogued the specimens in the collection in his Catalogue of the Birds of the Asiatic Society in 1849. He did not collect specimens himself but received and described bird specimens from A.O. Hume, Samuel Tickell, Robert Swinhoe among others. His Natural History of the Cranes was published posthumously in 1881.
Aird, Lewis
Aird (Scottish Gaelic: Àird an Rubha) is a village in the Scottish council area of Eileanan Siar (Western Isles). It is located on the Eye Peninsula on the east coast of the Isle of Lewis. Aird is within the parish of Stornoway, and is situated on the A866 near the northern end of the road.

There is a shop/post office. Until it closed in 2011, superseded by Point primary school, Aird Primary School served the local area including the villages of Portvoller, Portnaguran, Broker and Flesherin.

Aird is also the location of the annual Point Show, held in July each year.

Broker, Lewis
Broker (Scottish Gaelic: Brocair) is a small hamlet next to the village of Portvoller and Portnaguran on the Eye Peninsula located on the east side of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Brocair is situated on the A866, between Stornoway and Portnaguran, and is within the parish of Stornoway.
Regenerative economics
Regenerative economics is an economic system that works to regenerate capital assets. In standard economic theory, one can either “regenerate” one's capital assets or consume them until the asset cannot produce a viable stream of goods and/or services. Regenerative economics accounts for and gives economic value to Earth and the Sun. Most of regenerative economics focuses on the earth and the goods and services it supplies.

Regenerative economics is based on the notion of Earth as the original capital asset, and so places value on the environment. Proponents of regenerative economics believe that disregarding this value has created the unsustainable economic condition referred to as uneconomic growth, a phrase coined by leading ecological economist and steady-state theorist Herman Daly. The authors of the regenerative economic theory believe uneconomic growth is the opposite of regenerative economics.

Uneconomic growth
Uneconomic growth is economic growth that reflects or creates a decline in the quality of life. The concept is used in human development theory, welfare theory, and ecological economics. It is usually attributed to ecological economist Herman Daly, though other theorists may also be credited for the incipient idea, According to Daly, "uneconomic growth occurs when increases in production come at an expense in resources and well-being that is worth more than the items made." The cost, or decline in well-being, associated with extended economic growth is argued to arise as a result of "the social and environmental sacrifices made necessary by that growing encroachment on the eco-system."
Mantri Prasad Naithani
Mantri Prasad Naithani is an Indian politician. He is a former Educational and Minister of Water Resources in Uttarakhand, India. He was former Cabinet Minister in the cabinet of N. D. Tiwari (Former Chief Minister of Uttarakhand) in the year 2002. Again he was voted in the Devprayag Legislative election and deputed for the Cabinet Minister in Uttarakhand. The address of his Legislative area is Village Sankro (Chauraas), Vikaskhand Kirtinagar, Tehri Garhwal.

N. D. Tiwari
Narayan Datt Tiwari (18 October 1925 – 18 October 2018) was an Indian politician who served as the 9th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and 3rd Chief Minister of Uttaranchal (later Uttarakhand) from 2002 to 2007. He was the first Indian Chief Minister who served for two states. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, a former member of the Praja Socialist Party and the Indian National Congress. He joined the Bhartiya Janata Party in 2017.

He was a three-time Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (1976–77, 1984–85, 1988–89) and to date remains the last Congress CM of Uttar Pradesh. He also served once as Chief Minister of Uttarakhand (2002–2007). Between 1986 and 1988, he served in Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet, first as Minister for External Affairs and then as Minister of Finance. He served as Governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2007 until 2009, when he resigned due to health and personal reasons.
Carlos Cano (footballer)
Carlos David Cano Marín (born 17 December 1969), is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper, and is currently the goalkeeping coach of Albacete Balompié. He made 18 appearances in La Liga in the 1990s for Celta Vigo and Real Oviedo.

1990–91 Segunda División B
The 1990–91 Segunda División B season was the 14th since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 1 September 1990, and the season ended in 23 June 1991 with the promotion play-off final games.
Type 61 (tank)
The Type 61 tank (61式戦車, Roku-ichi Shiki sensha) is a main battle tank developed and used by the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF), built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.

Development started in 1955 and the vehicle was first deployed in April 1961. The type number follows the year of deployment. A total of 560 Type 61s were manufactured between 1961 and 1975, when production ceased. It was succeeded by the Type 74.

Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
The Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 陸上自衛隊, Hepburn: Rikujō Jieitai), JGSDF (陸自, Rikuji), also referred to as the Japanese Army, is the land warfare branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Created on July 1, 1954, it is the largest of the three service branches.

New military guidelines, announced in December 2010, direct the Self-Defense Forces away from their Cold War focus on the Soviet Union to a new focus on China, especially in respect of the dispute over the Senkaku Islands.

The JGSDF operates under the command of the chief of the ground staff, based in the city of Ichigaya, Shinjuku, Tokyo. The present chief of staff is General Yasunori Morishita. The JGSDF numbered 247,000 soldiers in 2025.
Yangshupu Road station
Yangshupu Road (simplified Chinese: 杨树浦路; traditional Chinese: 楊樹浦路; pinyin: Yángshùpǔ Lù) is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 4. It is located along Dalian Road (大连路) at its intersection with Yangshupu Road, in the Yangpu District of Shanghai, and is the first station on Line 4 in Puxi travelling counter-clockwise after crossing the Huangpu River from Pudong. Service began at this station on 31 December 2005.

Line 4 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 4 is a loop line of the Shanghai Metro network. The older rolling stock 04A01 carry a bright purple colour belt to differentiate them from Line 3 trains which share a portion of its route, while the newer 04A02 stock features a yellow and purple livery, which the exact line is labelled using sticker or screens saying "Line 3" or "Line 4". To determine the direction of travel, the line that travels counter-clockwise is called the Outer Loop (外环), while the other line is known as the Inner Loop (内环). Although it is a loop line, trains returning to the depot use Yishan Road as a terminal to let all passengers disembark. The first segment of the line between Damuqiao Road and Lancun Road (running in a "C"-shape) opened on December 31, 2005. The remainder of the line opened on December 29, 2007. The line is colored purple on system maps.