hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dudidontu River
The Dudidontu River is a tributary of the Nahlin River in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It joins the Nahlin River, which forms the Inklin River, one of the main tributaries of the Taku River. The Dudidontu River's watershed covers 964 km2 (372 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is 15.4 m3/s (540 cu ft/s). Almost half of the Dudidontu's flow comes from its main tributary, Kakuchuya Creek, and Kakuchuya Creek's main tributary, Matsatu Creek. The mouth of the Dudidontu River is located about 150 km (93 mi) northeast of Juneau, Alaska and about 110 km (68 mi) northwest of Telegraph Creek, British Columbia.

The Dudidontu River is in the traditional territory of the Taku River Tlingit First Nation, part of the Tlingit people.

Tlingit
The Tlingit or Lingít (/ˈtlɪŋkɪt, ˈklɪŋkɪt/ ⓘ TLING-kit, KLING-kit) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Tlingit people are Alaska Natives and First Nations in Canada. Their mother tongue is the Tlingit language, a Na-Dene language.

The Tlingit have a matrilineal kinship system, with children born into the mother's clan, and property and hereditary roles passing through the mother's line. Their culture and society developed in the temperate rainforest of the southeast Alaskan coast and the Alexander Archipelago. The Tlingit have maintained a complex hunter-gatherer culture based on semi-sedentary management of fisheries. Hereditary slavery was practiced extensively until it was outlawed by the United States Government. The Inland Tlingit live in the far northwestern part of the province of British Columbia and the southern Yukon in Canada. Taku Tlingit live in British Columbia and Alaska.
Rosehall
Rosehall is a remote hamlet in the Parish of Creich near the confluence of the River Cassley and the River Oykel, 1 mile northwest of Altass, in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It is the site of the main road bridge over the Cassley, which is just downstream from the Achness Waterfall, commonly known simply as the Cassley Falls.

Creich, Sutherland
Creich (Scottish Gaelic: Craoich, pronounced [kʰɾɯːç]) is a substantial parish on the north side of the Dornoch Firth the largest settlement being Bonar Bridge. It lies in Sutherland, Highland, Scotland.

There is a church (now in ruins) and graveyard for the Parish of Creich. Creich Mains farm is located here.

Beside the old (walled) graveyard in a field there is a standing stone engraved with a faint Celtic-style Christian cross. This is associated with a battle between locals and Norsemen/Vikings.

There is a rocky hill forming a peninsula into the Kyle of Sutherland called Dun Creich (the "hill of Creich"), which has the ruins of a vitrified fort on its summit.
Pyszki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Pyszki [ˈpɨʂki] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Srokowo, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Srokowo, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Kętrzyn, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Srokowo
Srokowo [srɔˈkɔvɔ] (until 1946 Dryfort, German: Drengfurth) is a village in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Srokowo. It is located in Masuria. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Kętrzyn and 83 km (52 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
2nd Battalion, 11th Marines
2nd Battalion, 11th Marines (2/11) is an artillery battalion comprising four firing batteries (Echo, Fox, Golf, and India) and a Headquarters Battery. The battalion is stationed at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. Its primary weapon system is the M777 lightweight howitzer. The battalion was the first in the Marine Corps to fully transition from the M198 Howitzer. They fall under the command of the 11th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division.

Operation Cartwheel
Operation Cartwheel (1943–1944) was a major military operation undertaken by the Allies in the Pacific theatre of World War II. The ultimate goal of Cartwheel was to neutralize the major Japanese base at Rabaul. The operation was directed by the Supreme Allied Commander in the South West Pacific Area (SWPA), General Douglas MacArthur, whose forces had advanced along the northeast coast of New Guinea and occupied nearby islands.  US forces from the South Pacific Area, under Admiral William Halsey, advanced through the Solomon Islands toward Bougainville.  Allied forces from Australia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and various Pacific Islands took part in the operation.
5th Ranger Battalion
The 5th Ranger Infantry Battalion was a Ranger battalion activated during World War II on 1 September 1943 at Camp Forrest, Tennessee. By this time, while in maneuvers on the United States, they were commanded by the Major Owen Carter. Later, when they moved to England, they were commanded by Major (later Lieutenant Colonel) Max Schneider, former executive officer of the 4th Ranger Battalion, who led the 5th Rangers as part of the Provisional Ranger Group commanded by Colonel James Earl Rudder.

4th Ranger Battalion
The 4th Ranger Battalion was a one-off Ranger unit in the United States Army during World War II. Activated on 29 May 1943 in Tunisia, it was disbanded following the Battle of Cisterna in February 1944. Its lineage was integrated into the 75th Ranger Regiment in 1986 when it was consolidated with the Regiment's active battalions.
Neukirchen-Vluyn
Neukirchen-Vluyn (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˌkɪʁçn̩ˈflyːn] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated approximately 5 km west of Moers, and 15 km north of Krefeld.

Wesel (district)
Wesel (German pronunciation: [ˈveːzl̩]) is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.  Neighboring districts are Borken, Recklinghausen, district-free cities Bottrop, Oberhausen, Duisburg and Krefeld, districts Viersen, Cleves.
1953 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1953 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 32nd staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Dublin entered the championship as the defending champions.

The All-Ireland final was played on 11 October 1953 at Thurles Sportsfield, between Tipperary and Warwickshire, in what was their first meeting in a final. Tipperary won the match by 4-10 to 3-03 to claim their seventh championship title overall and a first title since 1933.

All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was a hurling competition organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland. The competition was originally contested by the second teams of the strong counties, and the first teams of the weaker counties. In the years from 1961 to 1973 and from 1997 until now, the strong counties have competed for the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition was then restricted to the weaker counties. The competition was discontinued after 2004 as these counties now compete for the Nicky Rackard Cup instead.

From 1974 to 1982, the original format of the competition was abandoned, and the competition was incorporated in Division 3 of the National Hurling League. The original format, including the strong hurling counties was re-introduced in 1983.
Charles Cameron (physician)
Sir Charles Alexander Cameron, CB (16 July 1830 – 27 February 1921) was an Irish physician, chemist and writer prominent in the adoption of medical hygiene. For over fifty years he had charge of the Public Health Department of Dublin Corporation. He was elected President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) in 1885.

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) is a not-for-profit medical professional and educational institution, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences. It was established in 1784 as the national body for the surgical branch of medicine in Ireland, with a role in supervision of training, and as of 2021 provides a broad range of medical education in multiple countries.

RCSI's main campus is situated on St. Stephen's Green and York Street in central Dublin and incorporates schools of medicine, pharmacy and biomolecular sciences, physiotherapy, population health, dentistry and nursing and midwifery.  It offers undergraduate and postgraduate education in a number of healthcare fields.

RCSI was ranked first in the world for SDG3 Good Health and Well-being in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2025.
Cold start (automotive)
A cold start is an attempt to start a vehicle's engine when ambient temperatures are much lower than its normal operating temperature. A cold start can be difficult for an engine due to higher viscosity of oil and fuel in cold temperatures.

Generally speaking, diesel engines have more difficulty starting at low outside temperatures than gasoline engines. Diesel engines do not use spark plugs to ignite the air fuel mixture and rely only on the heat generated by compression alone to ignite the fuel. In extremely low ambient temperature diesel fuel can gel which can completely stop the fuel from flowing.

Ignition system
Ignition systems are used by heat engines to initiate combustion by igniting the fuel-air mixture. In a spark ignition versions of the internal combustion engine (such as petrol engines), the ignition system creates a spark to ignite the fuel-air mixture just before each combustion stroke. Gas turbine engines and rocket engines normally use an ignition system only during start-up.

Diesel engines use compression ignition to ignite the fuel-air mixture using the heat of compression and therefore do not use an ignition system. They usually have glowplugs that preheat the combustion chamber to aid starting in cold weather.

Early cars used ignition magneto and trembler coil systems, which were superseded by Distributor-based systems (first used in 1912). Electronic ignition systems (first used in 1968) became common towards the end of the 20th century, with coil-on-plug versions of these systems becoming widespread since the 1990s.
Mound City National Cemetery
Mound City National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located near Mound City, in Pulaski County, Illinois. It encompasses 10.5 acres (4.2 ha), and as of the end of 2005, had 8,098 interments. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it is managed by the Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery.  This cemetery is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery
Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery is an American military cemetery located in St. Louis County, Missouri, just on the banks of the Mississippi River. The cemetery was established after the American Civil War in an attempt to put together a formal network of military cemeteries. It started as the Jefferson Barracks Military Post Cemetery in 1826 and became a United States National Cemetery in 1866.

The first known burial was Elizabeth Ann Lash, the infant child of an officer stationed at Jefferson Barracks.

The cemetery is administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs on the former site of Jefferson Barracks. It covers 331 acres (134 ha) and the number of interments as of 2021 is approximately 237,000. The cemetery is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
Wisconsin's 12th Senate district
The 12th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in northern Wisconsin, the district comprises Florence, Forest, Langlade, Lincoln, Marinette, Oneida, and Vilas counties, and parts of northern Oconto County, northwest Shawano County, and northeast Marathon County.  It contains the cities of Antigo, Eagle River, Marinette, Merrill, Peshtigo, Rhinelander, and Tomahawk.

Vilas County, Wisconsin
Vilas County (/vaɪləs/ VYE-ləss) is a county in the state of Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,047. Its county seat is Eagle River. The county partly overlaps the reservation of the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Bhutanese cuisine
A staple of Bhutanese cuisine is Bhutanese red rice, which is like brown rice in texture, but has a nutty taste. It is the only variety of rice that grows at high altitudes. Other staples include buckwheat and increasingly maize.

Bhutanese red rice
Bhutanese red rice is a medium-grain rice grown in the Kingdom of Bhutan in the eastern Himalayas. It is the staple rice of the Bhutanese people.

Bhutanese red rice is a red japonica rice. It is semi-milled—some of the reddish bran is left on the rice. Because of this, it cooks somewhat faster than an unmilled brown rice. When cooked, the rice is pale pink, soft and slightly sticky.

This rice became available in the United States in the mid-1990s when Lotus Foods began importing it, and it is currently the only agricultural product imported from Bhutan.
Anita Avramides
Anita Avramides is a British philosopher whose work focuses on the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of the mind. She is a reader at the University of Oxford, based at St. Hilda's College, where she is Southover Manor Trust Tutorial Fellow in Philosophy. Since 2014, she has served as Vice Chair of the Philosophy Faculty at Oxford.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Newton Blossomville
Newton Blossomville is a village in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is a civil parish, sharing a joint parish council with Clifton Reynes.  At the 2011 census, the population of the parish was 329, an increase of 17.5%  on the 280 figure for 2001

It is located in the north of the Borough, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Olney, 8 miles (13 km) west of Bedford, and 9 miles (14 km) north-east of Central Milton Keynes, close to the Bucks/Beds border.

Olney, Buckinghamshire
Olney (/ˈoʊni/, rarely /ˈɒlni/ OW-nee, rarely OLL-nee) is a market town and civil parish in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 6,598.

Lying on the left bank of the River Great Ouse, the town is located around 8 miles (13 km) from Central Milton Keynes, and 10 miles (16 km) from Bedford, Northampton and Wellingborough.
Late at Night (Dover album)
Late at Night is the third studio album by Spanish rock band Dover. It was released in Europe on 28 June 1999 under Loli Jackson Records and Chrysalis Records.

The album was recorded between January and March 1999 at Robert Lang Studios in Seattle, Washington. By February 2000, it had reached 300,000 copies sold, being certified 3× platinum. Likewise, it is critically regarded as the band's best album. The first single released was "DJ", which immediately reached number one on the charts.

Robert Lang Studios
Robert Lang Studios is a recording studio in Shoreline, Washington, United States. Numerous bands have recorded at Robert Lang Studios since 1974 including Nirvana, Alice in Chains, Foo Fighters, Soundgarden, Dave Matthews Band, Death Cab for Cutie, Heart, Sir Mix-A-Lot, Peter Frampton, Candlebox, and Bush.
Roberts Peak
Roberts Peak (78°14′S 85°10′W﻿ / ﻿78.233°S 85.167°W﻿ / -78.233; -85.167) is a peak (1,800 m) in the south extremity of Maglenik Heights, standing on the north side of Ellen Glacier and 10 km east of Mount Jumper in central Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1996 after Carol A. Roberts, Deputy Director, Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 1988–96, who represented U.S. research interests on behalf of the National Science Foundation within the Antarctic Treaty system.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
McKenzie Lectures
The McKenzie Lectures are a series of annual public lectures delivered by "a distinguished scholar on the history of the book, scholarly editing, or bibliography and the sociology of texts."  The lectures are held in Oxford at the Centre for the Study of the Book (Bodleian Libraries). The series was inaugurated in 1996, in honour of Donald Francis McKenzie (1931–1999), upon his retirement as Professor of Bibliography and Textual Criticism, University of Oxford.

Bibliography
Bibliography (from Ancient Greek: βιβλίον, romanized: biblion, lit. 'book' and -γραφία, -graphía, 'writing'), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Ancient Greek: -λογία, romanized: -logía). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes bibliography as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography).
Diocese of Nuevo Laredo
The Diocese of Nuevo Laredo (Latin: Dioecesis Novolaredensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Monterrey. It covers an area of 7,484 Square Miles (19,378 square kilometers) and serves 980,000 inhabitants of which 86 percent are Catholic. The Diocese of Nuevo Laredo was erected on November 6, 1989 under the papal bull "quo Facilius." The current Bishop of Nuevo Laredo is Enrique Sanchez Martinez, who before coming to Nuevo Laredo in 2015 was the auxiliary bishop in the Diocese of Durango. His predecessor, Gustavo Rodriguez Vega, was called away from the diocese by Pope Francis to serve as 
Archbishop of Yucatán, which Archdiocese is based in Mérida.

Archdiocese of Durango
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Durango (Latin: Archidioecesis Durangensis) is  a Metropolitan Archdiocese in Mexico. Based in the city of Durango, it is the metropolitan see for the suffragan dioceses of Gómez Palacio, Mazatlán and Torreón as well as the Territorial Prelature of El Salto.
Mobilida
Mobilida is a group of parasitic or symbiotic peritrich ciliates, comprising more than 280 species. Mobilids live on or within a wide variety of aquatic organisms, including fish, amphibians, molluscs, cnidarians, flatworms and other ciliates, attaching to their host organism by means of an aboral adhesive disk. Some mobilid species are pathogens of wild or farmed fish, causing severe and economically damaging diseases such as trichodinosis.

Trichodina
Trichodina is a genus of ciliate alveolates that is ectocommensal or parasitic on aquatic animals, particularly fish. They are characterised by the presence of a ring of interlocking cytoskeletal denticles, which provide support for the cell and allow for adhesion to surfaces including fish tissue.
Sudanese Sovereignty Council (1964–1965)
The Second Sudanese Sovereignty Council (3 December 1964–10 June 1965) emerged as a result of the October 1964 Revolution, a popular uprising against the military dictatorship of General Ibrahim Abboud.

Ibrahim Abboud
Ibrahim Abboud (Arabic: إبراهيم عبود; 26 October 1900 – 8 September 1983) was a Sudanese military officer and political figure who served as the head of state of Sudan between 1958 and 1964 and as President of Sudan in 1964; however, he soon resigned, ending Sudan's first period of military rule. A career soldier, Abboud served in World War II in Egypt and Iraq. In 1949, Abboud became the deputy Commander in Chief of the Sudanese military. Upon independence, Abboud became the Commander in Chief of the Military of Sudan.
Rubus fecundus
Rubus fecundus is a North American species of dewberry in section Procumbentes (formerly Flagellares) of the genus Rubus, a member of the rose family. It has been in central Canada and in the eastern and central United States, from Québec and Ontario south as far as Missouri, Alabama and South Carolina. Nowhere is it very common, though most of the known populations can be found in the Ozarks and the Appalachians.

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's rope climbing
The men's rope climbing was one of eight gymnastics events on the Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics programme. The final event in the gymnastics competition, rope climbing was held on 10 April. The rope was 14 metres long, suspended from a frame. Time and style were considered in placing the competitors who reached the top and distance climbed separating those who did not make it all the way up. Five competitors entered, with the two Greeks taking top honors by being the only two to complete the climb. The German Fritz Hofmann won the bronze medal, while the weightlifting champions Viggo Jensen and Launceston Elliot finished fourth and fifth.

Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics
At the 1896 Summer Olympics, eight gymnastics events, all for men, were contested in Panathinaiko Stadium. They were organized and prepared by the Sub-Committee for Wrestling and Gymnastics. Events took place on April 9, April 10, and April 11, 1896. There were 71 competitors from         9 nations (including 52 from Greece) that took part in gymnastics.