hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walvis Bay Urban
Walvis Bay Urban is a constituency in the Erongo Region of Namibia, comprising most of the city of Walvis Bay. It had a population of 35,828 in 2011, up from 27,941 in 2001. Walvis Bay Urban covers 18.9 km2 (7.3 sq mi) of land. With all arid surroundings belonging to the Walvis Bay Rural constituency it is by far the smallest and most densely populated constituency in Erongo Region. As of 2020 the constituency had 25,311 registered voters.

Walvis Bay Urban was created in 1998. Following a recommendation of the Second Delimitation Commission of Namibia, and in preparation of the 1998 general election, the old Walvis Bay Constituency was split into Walvis Bay Urban and Walvis Bay Rural.

Popular Democratic Movement
The Popular Democratic Movement (PDM), formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA), is an amalgamation of political parties in Namibia, registered as one singular party for representation purposes. In coalition with the United Democratic Front, it formed the official opposition in Parliament until the parliamentary elections in 2009. The party currently holds five seats in the Namibian National Assembly and one seat in the Namibian National Council. Further, the PDM has lost its status as the official opposition party, taking the fourth place. McHenry Venaani is the President of the PDM.

The PDM is an associate member of the International Democracy Union, a transnational grouping of national political parties generally identified with political conservatism, and a member of the Democracy Union of Africa, which was re-launched in Accra, Ghana in February 2019. The President of the party, McHenry Venaani, is the current chairperson of the Democrat Union of Africa.
2019 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2019.

Endocast
An endocast is the internal cast of a hollow object, often referring to the cranial vault in the study of brain development in humans and other organisms.  Endocasts can be artificially made for examining the properties of a hollow, inaccessible space, or they may occur naturally through fossilization.
Zetel
Zetel (German pronunciation: [ˈtseːtl̩]) is a municipality in the district of Friesland, Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km southwest of Wilhelmshaven, and 12 km west of Varel. Zetel is twinned with the county of Sutherland in the Highlands of Scotland.

Varel
Varel (German pronunciation: [ˈfaːʁəl] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Friesland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the Jade River and the Jade Bight, approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of Wilhelmshaven and 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Oldenburg. With a population of 23,984 (2020) it is the biggest town in the district of Friesland.
Guru Dutt
Guru Dutt (born Vasanth Kumar Shivashankar Padukone; 9 July 1925 – 10 October 1964; also known as Gurudatta Padukone) was an Indian film actor, director, producer, choreographer, and writer. He is regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers of Indian cinema. He was heavily influenced by Alfred Hitchcock in his initial films and later was compared with Orson Welles due to his works getting a legitimate amount of prominence amongst the cinephiles.

Dutt was lauded for his artistry, notably his usage of close-up shots, lighting, and depictions of melancholia. He directed a total of eight Hindi films, several of which have gained a cult following internationally. This includes Pyaasa (1957), which made its way onto Time magazine's 100 Greatest Movies list, as well as Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959), all of which are frequently listed among the greatest films in Hindi cinema. He was included among CNN's "Top 25 Asian Actors" in 2012.

Sight and Sound
Sight and Sound (formerly written Sight & Sound) is a monthly film magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI). Since 1952, it has conducted the well-known decennial Sight and Sound Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time.
Alert dialog box
An alert dialog box is a special dialog box that is displayed in a graphical user interface when something unexpected occurred that requires immediate user action.

The typical alert dialog provides information in a separate box to the user, after which the user can only respond in one way: by closing it. Closing an alert dialog will provide access to the original window, which is not available while the alert dialog is presented.

Alert dialogs that block the application are regarded as a bad design solution by usability practitioners, since they are prone to produce mode errors. Also when used as error dialogs, they have been shown to be ineffective in their goals to inform users about an error condition or protect from a destructive operation.

Window (computing)
In computing, a window is a graphical control element. It consists of a visual area containing some of the graphical user interface of the program it belongs to and is framed by a window decoration. It usually has a rectangular shape that can overlap with the area of other windows. It displays the output of and may allow input to one or more processes.

Windows are primarily associated with graphical displays, where they can be manipulated with a pointer by employing some kind of pointing device. Text-only displays can also support windowing, as a way to maintain multiple independent display areas, such as multiple buffers in Emacs. Text windows are usually controlled by keyboard, though some also respond to the mouse.

A graphical user interface (GUI) using windows as one of its main "metaphors" is called a windowing system, whose main components are the display server and the window manager.
Hundred of Mount Benson
The Hundred of Mount Benson, is a hundred in the County of Robe, within the Limestone Coast region of South Australia.

The Hundred is located at 36.942°S 139.818°E, about 252 km (157 mi) south-east of Adelaide city centre. The main economic activity is agriculture with the hundred being within the Mount Benson wine region. A small portion of the Coastal fringe is set aside for conservation.

The main geographic feature of the hundred is Cape Jaffa promontory jutting into Lacepede Bay.
The Southern Ports Highway passes through the Hundred.

Lacepede Bay
Lacepede Bay (locally /ˈlæsəˌpiːd/ LASS-ə-peed, French: Baie Lacépède) is a bay in the Australian state of South Australia located on the state's  south-east coast about 140 kilometres (87 miles) northwest of Mount Gambier and about 240 kilometres (150 miles) southeast of Adelaide.  It was named in 1802 by the Baudin expedition of 1800-03 after Bernard Germain de Lacépède, the French naturalist.  It is one of four ‘historic bays’ located on the South Australian coast.
Eagle Bay, Western Australia
Eagle Bay is a small town in Western Australia's South West region near Dunsborough, in the local government area of the City of Busselton. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 120. It is known for its luxury holiday homes, with an occupancy rate on the night of the 2021 census of about 13%.

On 30 May 1801, a landing party from the Baudin expedition unsuccessfully looked for water at Eagle Bay; this event is commemorated by the Baudin memorial, which was unveiled in 2001. In the late 19th century Stewart Keenan, who had a farm in the local area, built a track connecting his Eagle Bay farm to the timber mill community at Yelverton. In the 1950s, there was a commercial salmon fishery in Eagle Bay. The modern-day settlement began to develop in the early 1970s. Eagle Bay contains a residents' association (established 1990), a volunteer fire brigade, and a community hall (constructed in 2014). The eponymous bay is in Meelup Regional Park.

City of Busselton
The City of Busselton is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, approximately 230 km (140 mi) south of Perth, the state capital. The city covers an area of 1,455 km2 (562 sq mi) and had a population of 40,640 as at the 2021 Census. It contains two large towns, Busselton and Dunsborough, and a number of smaller towns. The city office is located on Southern Drive, Busselton.
Diagnosis of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is diagnosed by finding Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in a clinical specimen taken from the patient.  While other investigations may strongly suggest tuberculosis as the diagnosis, they cannot confirm it.

A complete medical evaluation for tuberculosis (TB) must include a medical history, a physical examination, a chest X-ray and microbiological examination (of sputum or some other appropriate sample).  It may also include a tuberculin skin test, other scans and X-rays, surgical biopsy.

Sputum
Sputum is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi). In medicine, sputum samples are usually used for a naked-eye examination, microbiological investigation of respiratory infections, and cytological investigations of respiratory system.

A naked eye exam of the sputum can be done at home by a patient in order to note the various colors (see below). Any hint of yellow or green color (pus) suggests an airway infection (but does not indicate the type of organism causing it). Such color hints are best detected when the sputum is viewed against a bright white background, such as white paper, a white pot, or a white sink surface.

Having green, yellow, or thickened phlegm (sputum) does not always indicate the presence of an infection. Also, if an infection is present, the color of the phlegm (sputum) does not determine whether a virus, a bacterium or another pathogen has caused it. Simple allergies can also cause changes in the color of mucus.
Alen Margaryan
Alen Margaryan (Armenian: Ալեն Մարգարյան; 11 February 1999 – 30 September 2020) was an Armenian serviceman in the Artsakh Defense Army, participant of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh war. In 2021 he was posthumously awarded the Hero of Artsakh military award, which is the highest honorary title of the Republic of Artsakh.

Armenian State Pedagogical University
Khachatur Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University   (ASPU) (Armenian: Խաչատուր Աբովյանի անվան հայկական պետական մանկավարժական համալսարան, ՀՊՄՀ), is a state university and higher education institution based in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. Founded in 1922, the university is specialized in pedagogy and the preparation of teaching staff.

Named after the 19th-century Armenian writer Khachatur Abovian, the current rector of the university is professor Srbuhi Gevorgyan.
A Legendary Performer
A Legendary Performer is a compilation album series released by RCA Records. It included, among many:

Elvis: A Legendary Performer, a series of compilations of recordings by Elvis Presley
Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 1, 1974
Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 2, 1976
Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 3, 1979
Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 4, 1983

A Legendary Performer (Perry Como album), 1976

Elvis: A Legendary Performer
Elvis: A Legendary Performer is the title of a series of four compilation albums featuring recordings by American singer Elvis Presley. Released by RCA Records between 1974 and 1983, the albums contained varying amounts of previously released and previously unreleased recordings from Presley's career. RCA also created Legendary Performer albums for other recording artists, but the Presley series was the longest-running.

Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 1 (1974)

Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 2 (1976)

Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 3 (1979)

Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 4 (1983)
Willem Schermerhorn
Willem "Wim" Schermerhorn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɪ(lə)m ˈsxɛrmərˌɦɔr(ə)n]; 17 December 1894 – 10 March 1977) was a Dutch politician who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 25 June 1945 until 3 July 1946. He was a member of the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) and later co-founder of the Labour Party (PvdA). According to Harry W. Laidler, the government under Schermerhorn's premiership "achieved important results in the fields of labor, finance, housing, old age pensions, and the social services".

Prime Minister of the Netherlands
The prime minister of the Netherlands (Dutch: Minister-president van Nederland) or, before 1945, the chairman of the Council of Ministers (Dutch: voorzitter van de ministerraad) is the head of government of the Netherlands. While the monarch is the de jure head of government, in practice the prime minister occupies this role as chair of the Council of Ministers, coordinating its policy with the rest of the cabinet. The prime minister also represents the Netherlands in the European Council, participating in deliberations that define the European Union's overall political direction.
Rob Jetten is the current prime minister since 23 February 2026.
2020–2022 Serbian protests
On 7 July 2020, a series of protests and riots began over the government announcement of the reimplementation of the curfew and the government's allegedly poor handling of the COVID-19 situation, as well as being a partial continuation of the "One of Five Million" movement. The initial demand of the protesters had been to cancel the planned reintroduction of curfew in Serbia during July, which was successfully achieved in less than 48 hours of the protest. The protesters also demanded a more technical response to the COVID-19 crisis and more factual and constructive information about the ongoing medical situation. Among other causes, the protests were driven by the crisis of democratic institutions under Aleksandar Vučić's rule and the growing concern that the President is concentrating all powers in his hands at the expense of the parliament.

House of the National Assembly, Belgrade
The National House of Assembly, Belgrade (Serbian: Дом Народне скупштине, romanized: Dom Narodne skupštine), formally the House of the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: Дом Народне скупштине Републике Србије, romanized: Dom Narodne skupštine Republike Srbije) is the seat of the National Assembly of Serbia. The building is located on Nikola Pašić Square in downtown Belgrade, across Novi Dvor (seat of the President of the Republic) and Stari Dvor (Belgrade City Hall). Originally intended to be the House of the National Assembly of the Kingdom of Serbia, it was the seat of the Assembly of Yugoslavia and the Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro. Since 2006 it serves as the meeting place of the National Assembly of Serbia.
Twisted Metal: Head-On
Twisted Metal: Head-On is a 2005 vehicular combat video game developed by Incognito Entertainment and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. A port developed by Eat Sleep Play for the PlayStation 2 was released in 2008. Head-On is the seventh installment of the Twisted Metal series, and the first game in the series to ship fully online-enabled.

Vehicular combat game
A vehicular combat game (or car combat game) is a vehicle simulation video game where the primary gameplay objectives include vehicles armed with weapons attempting to destroy vehicles controlled by the CPU or by opposing players. The genre normally features a variety of different vehicles available for play, each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and special attack abilities. Players may also unlock hidden vehicles by completing certain in-game tasks. Games may include racing themes, but they are generally secondary to the action.
Urysohn's lemma
In topology, Urysohn's lemma is a lemma that states that a topological space is normal if and only if any two disjoint closed subsets can be separated by a continuous function.

Urysohn's lemma is commonly used to construct continuous functions with various properties on normal spaces. It is widely applicable since all metric spaces and all compact Hausdorff spaces are normal. The lemma is generalised by (and usually used in the proof of) the Tietze extension theorem.

The lemma is named after the mathematician Pavel Samuilovich Urysohn.

Lemma (mathematics)
In mathematics and other fields, a lemma (pl.: lemmas or lemmata) is a generally minor, proven proposition which is used to prove a larger statement. For that reason, it is also known as a "helping theorem" or an "auxiliary theorem". In many cases, a lemma derives its importance from the theorem it aims to prove; however, a lemma can also turn out to be more important than originally thought.
Trevino v. Thaler
Trevino v. Thaler, 569 US 413, was a 2013 United States Supreme Court decision that applied the narrow exception to Coleman v. Thompson's rule recognized by Martinez v. Ryan to excuse ineffective assistance of counsel (IAC) claims that were procedurally defaulted under Texas state law. Martinez recognized a right to counsel in an initial-review collateral proceeding where state law did not allow ineffective assistance of counsel (IAC) claims to be raised until post-conviction proceedings because there is no constitutional right to counsel in post-conviction proceedings. Even though Texas law allowed IAC claims to be raised on direct appeal the Court found that the state's procedures did not afford a "meaningful opportunity" to do so and held that the IAC claims raised for the first time in a federal habeas petition were not barred by the procedural default.

Coleman v. Thompson
Coleman v. Thompson, 501 U.S. 722 (1991), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States on June 24, 1991. The Court held that the petitioner, Roger Keith Coleman, was barred from raising his claims of federal constitutional violations in a federal habeas court, because he had previously procedurally defaulted these claims in state habeas proceedings. This default had occurred because Coleman's lawyers inadvertently filed their notice of appeal three days later than required by the rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia.
Savane Lake (Lac-Pikauba)
The lac Savane (English: Savannah lake) is a body of fresh water located northeast of the city of Quebec, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. This body of water straddles the regional county municipalities of:

La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality: in the unorganized territory of Lac-Jacques-Cartier (southwest part of the lake);

Charlevoix Regional County Municipality: in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pikauba (northeast part of the lake).

Savane Lake is served by a few secondary forest roads for forestry purposes. Forestry is the main economic activity in this valley; recreational tourism, second.

Because of the altitude, the surface of Savane Lake is generally frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the beginning of December until the beginning of April.

Lac-Jacques-Cartier, Quebec
Lac-Jacques-Cartier (French pronunciation: [lak ʒak kaʁtje]) is a large unorganized territory in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, making up more than 85% of this regional county. It is unpopulated and undeveloped, almost entirely part of the Jacques-Cartier National Park and the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

Quebec Route 175 bisects the territory, and passes on the western shore of Jacques-Cartier Lake, after which the territory is named and source of the Jacques-Cartier River.
Pasaia KE
Pasaia Kirol Elkartea (also known as Club Deportivo Pasajes) is a Spanish football team based in Pasaia, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded in 1998 it currently plays in the Tercera Federación – Group 4, holding home games at Campo de Fútbol Don Bosco, which has a capacity of 2,000 spectators.

Pasaia
Pasaia (Spanish: Pasajes) is a town and municipality located in the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Autonomous Community of northern Spain. It is a fishing community, commercial port and the birthplace of the famous admiral Blas de Lezo and of the fashion designer Paco Rabanne.

Pasaia lies approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of San Sebastián's centre, lying at the foot of Mount Ulia and the Jaizkibel massif. The municipality numbers 16,056 inhabitants (as of 2008 estimates), clustering around the Bay of Pasaia in four nuclei, namely Pasai San Pedro, Pasai San Juan (or Donibane in Basque), Antxo and Trintxerpe, with each part showing distinctive features.
52 chorale preludes, Op. 67
52 chorale preludes, Op. 67, is a collection of 52 settings of popular Protestant hymns for organ by Max Reger, composed between 1900 and 1902. Originally published in three volumes between 1900 and 1903 with the cover title "52 Choralvorspiele für Orgel" (52 chorale preludes for organ), the full title of the collection was "Zweiundfünfzig leicht ausführbare Vorspiele zu den gebräuchlichsten evangelischen Chorälen".

Lutheran chorale
A Lutheran chorale is a musical setting of a Lutheran hymn, intended to be sung by a congregation in a German Protestant church service. The typical four-part setting of a chorale, in which the sopranos (and the congregation) sing the melody along with three lower voices, is known as a chorale harmonization.  The practice of singing in unison was the rule of the reformed churches, both in Germany and in other countries.
Dark Mofo
Dark Mofo is an annual mid-winter arts and culture festival held by the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Launched in 2013 as the winter counterpart of the summer MONA FOMA festival, Dark Mofo events take place at night and celebrate the darkness of the southern winter solstice, featuring many musical acts, large scale light installations and a winter feast.

Falls Festival
Falls Music & Arts Festival (commonly known as Falls) was a multi-day music festival held annually in Byron Bay (New South Wales) and Fremantle (Western Australia), Australia over the New Year's Eve and January period. The festival hosts contemporary music performances, dance, comedy, theatre, circus, cabaret, and other art forms. Camping was available and all locations have nearby beaches which are either walking distance or a short bus ride away. 
Artists playing at the festival include rock, hip-hop, indie music, electronic music, blues and roots.

The Festival was previously held in Lorne, Victoria from its inception until 2018, Marion Bay, Tasmania between 2003 and 2019 and Melbourne, Victoria in 2022.

The Falls Festival in Byron Bay features a rave party hidden behind a washing machine in a laundromat.
Larissa Kaur
Larissa Kaur (née Lazareva; born 31 October 1941) is an Estonian dancer.

Kaur was born in Baku, Azerbaijan of mixed Greek and Ukrainian heritage. She graduated from the Tallinn Choreography School (Jelena Izerovič's class) in 1959, then trained with Natalia Dudinskaya in 1960 at the Mariinsky Ballet.

Between 1961 and 1979, she danced as a prima ballerina at the Estonian SSR National Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre. She has also appeared in Viru and Astoria variety shows and was a print model for the largest and most popular fashion magazines in Estonia and Eastern Europe. Kaur posed many times as the cover girl of her local fashion magazine Siluett.

In 1965 Kaur became a member of the Estonian Theater Association.

Kaur's father was in the military, while her son is politician and local government figure Max Kaur.

Natalia Dudinskaya
Natalia Mikhailovna Dudinskaya (21 August [O.S. 8 August] 1912 – 29 January 2003) was a Soviet prima ballerina who dominated the Kirov Ballet from the 1930s to the 1950s. Four Stalin Prizes second degree (1941, 1947, 1949, 1951).