hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Graylag
USS Graylag (AM-364) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She was built to clear minefields in offshore waters.

Graylag, a steel-hulled fleet minesweeper, was launched by Willamette Iron and Steel Works, Astoria, Oregon, 4 December 1943; and commissioned 31 August 1945.

Admirable-class minesweeper
The Admirable class was one of the largest and most successful classes of minesweepers ordered by the United States Navy during World War II.  Typically, minesweepers detected and removed naval mines before the rest of the fleet arrived, thereby ensuring safe passage for the larger ships. They were also charged with anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with rear-mounted depth charge racks and a forward-firing Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar.  Their job was essential to the safety and success of U.S. naval operations during World War II and the Korean War. These minesweepers were also employed as patrol vessel and convoy escorts. The only remaining ship of this class is located at Freedom Park, Omaha, NE.

The PCE-842-class of patrol craft escorts was based on the Admirable-class design.
Caudus cloud
Cumulonimbus cauda is a type of cumulonimbus cloud, cauda is derived from Latin, meaning "tail", this cloud type may appear as a defined horizontal cloud band or as horizontally aligned cloud tags attached to the cumulonimbus murus cloud type, it is linked with an inflow of warm, moist air and that the thunderstorm the cloud has appeared in is strong, well organized and indicates that severe weather is possible within the area the storm is covering.

Severe weather
Severe weather is any dangerous meteorological phenomenon with the potential to cause damage, serious social disruption, or loss of life. These vary depending on the latitude, altitude, topography, and atmospheric conditions. High winds, hail, excessive precipitation, and wildfires are forms and effects, as are thunderstorms, downbursts, tornadoes, waterspouts, tropical cyclones, and extratropical cyclones. Regional and seasonal phenomena include blizzards, snowstorms, ice storms, and duststorms.

Severe weather is one type of extreme weather, which includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather and is by definition rare for that location or time of the year. Due to the effects of climate change, the frequency and intensity of some of the extreme weather events are increasing, for example, heatwaves and droughts.: 9
Gatteo
Gatteo (Romagnol: Gatì) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Forlì. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 7,252 and an area of 14.1 square kilometres (5.4 sq mi).

Gatteo borders the following municipalities: Cesenatico, Gambettola, Longiano, Savignano sul Rubicone.

Cesenatico
Cesenatico (Romagnol: Ziznàtic) is a port town with about 26,000 inhabitants on the Adriatic coast of Italy. It is located in the province of Forlì-Cesena in the region of Emilia-Romagna, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Ravenna. Cesenatico's port canal was surveyed and drawn by Leonardo da Vinci at the request of Cesare Borgia, as part of his plans to fortify the nearby town of Cesena.
Maheshwar Assembly constituency
Maheshwar is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.
BJP leader Rajkumar Mev represents the constituency in the Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha.

It is part of Khargone district.

Khargone district
Khargone district (Hindi pronunciation: [kʰəɾgoːn̪]), formerly known as West Nimar district, is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The district lies in the Nimar region and is part of the Indore Division. The district headquarters is the city of Khargone, which lies south of the Indore metropolis, the headquarters of Indore district.
2014 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – Pool A
Group A of the 2014 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Europe/Africa zone of the 2014 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group I, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group III.

2014 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2013 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II zonal competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the seven teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2014 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II. The top two teams advanced to Group I, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Group III for the next year.
2009 European Touring Car Cup
The 2009 FIA European Touring Car Cup was the fifth running of the FIA European Touring Car Cup. It was held on 25 October 2009 at the Circuito Vasco Sameiro near Braga in Portugal. James Thompson won the event after winning the second race. Norbert Michelisz won the first race.

European Touring Car Cup
The FIA European Touring Car Cup was an annual touring car racing event, which had been held at various locations across Europe from 2005 to 2017. Unlike in previous years where it was a one-off event, in 2010 the series was a three-round event.
Averbode Abbey
Averbode Abbey is a Premonstratensian abbey situated in Averbode, in the municipality Scherpenheuvel-Zichem (Flemish Brabant), in the Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels in Belgium.
It was founded about 1134, suppressed in 1797, and reestablished in 1834. Throughout the 20th century the abbey press was a leading children's publisher in Belgium. The church's building is a peculiar synthesis of Baroque and Gothic, with Renaissance ornament details, dominating the monastery complex. The whole structure was built of iron sandstone from Langdorp and white sandstone from Gobertange between 1664 and 1672, after a design by the Antwerp architect Jan Van den Eynde II.

House of Merode
The House of Merode is one of the most prominent families of the Belgian nobility. It originates from the village of Merode, which is now in the municipality of Langerwehe in Germany. Over the past five centuries, different branches bore noble titles and had estates on the territories of the modern-day states of  Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Austria. Through marriage, the house is connected with many prominent European noble families. The House of Merode played an important role in the history of the Southern Netherlands and the Kingdom of Belgium.

The surname of the family and the name of the house is sometimes written de Mérode in French. The name is spelled de Merode or van Merode in Dutch and von Merode in German. The coat of arms of the House of Merode is blazoned as: Or four pallets gules, a bordure engrailed azure. The motto of the house is Plus d'honneur que d'honneurs in French and Meer eer dan eerbetoon in Dutch.
Uniqa Tower
The Uniqa Tower (owner's spelling: UNIQA Tower) is an office building on the Danube Canal in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Vienna. The building received the European Union Green Building label. It is the first building in Austria and one of the first buildings in Europe to bear the label.

Leopoldstadt
Leopoldstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈleːopɔldˌʃtad] ⓘ; Viennese: Leopoidstod; "Leopold-Town") is the 2nd municipal district of Vienna (German: 2. Bezirk) in Austria. As of 1 January 2016, there are 103,233 inhabitants over 19.27 km2 (7 sq mi). It is situated in the heart of the city and, together with Brigittenau (20th district), forms a large island surrounded by the Danube Canal and, to the north, the Danube. It is named after Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. Due to its relatively high percentage of Jewish inhabitants before the Holocaust (38.5 percent in 1923), Leopoldstadt gained the nickname Mazzesinsel ('Matzo Island'). This context was a significant aspect for the district twinning with the New York City borough Brooklyn in 2007.
NANA Regional Corporation
NANA Regional Corporation, Inc. (NANA) is one of thirteen Alaska Native Regional Corporations created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA) in settlement of Alaska Native land claims.  NANA was incorporated in Alaska on June 7, 1972. NANA is a for-profit corporation with a land base in the Kotzebue area in northwest Alaska. Its corporate office is in Kotzebue, Alaska. NANA's Alaska Native shareholders are of Inupiat descent.

The Northwest Arctic Native Association (now the Maniilaq Association) was NANA's predecessor, and played a key role in the effort to resolve Alaska Native land claims that led to passage of ANCSA. However, NANA is not an acronym today.

According to the 2021 Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI), NANA Regional Corporation is ranked no. 20 among 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of the Arctic Circle.

Alaska Native corporation
The Alaska Native Regional Corporations (ANRCs) are regional corporations in the United States that administer and settle land and financial claims made by the Alaska Natives. The corporations were established in 1971 when the United States Congress passed the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA), which provided for the establishment of 13 regional corporations to administer such claims.
Higashi Hongan-ji
Higashi Hongan-ji (東本願寺, Eastern Monastery of the Original Vow), is one of two dominant sub-sects of Jōdo Shinshū in Japan and abroad, the other being Nishi Hongan-ji, the "Western Temple of the Original Vow". It is also the name of the head temple of the Ōtani-ha branch of Jōdo Shinshū in Kyoto, which was most recently constructed in 1895 after a fire burned down the previous temple. As with many sites in Kyoto, these two complexes have more casual names and are known affectionately in Kyoto as Onissan (お西さん; Honorable Mr. West) and Ohigashisan (お東さん; Honorable Mr. East).

Kaisando
A kaisan-dō (開山堂, kaisan-dō), also termed the Founder's Hall, is a temple structure in a Japanese Buddhist monastery complex or other temple where an image (or images) of the founding abbot and other significant teachers and Buddha ancestors are kept, along with a memorial slab (Japanese ihai). Sometimes also referred to as the Patriarch Hall (soshido) or Reflection Hall (Eishitsu), this building holds memorial services yearly on the anniversary of the death of the founding abbot.

The largest Founder's Hall in Japan is the Goei-dō (御影堂) in front of the Higashi Hongwanji (Hongan-ji) Temple in Kyoto, Japan, one of two head temples of the Jōdo Shinshū sect of Buddhism.
Utba ibn Rabi'a
Utba ibn Rabi'a (Arabic: عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ) (c. 563 – 13 March 624), also known as Abu al-Walid (Arabic: أبو الوليد) was one of the prominent pagan leaders of the Quraysh during the era of Muhammad. He was the father of Abu Hudhayfa, al-Walid, Hind and father-in-law of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. Utba was killed by Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib in the Battle of Badr.

Ubayda ibn al-Harith
Ubayda ibn al-Harith (Arabic: عبيدة ابن الحارث, romanized: ʿUbayda ibn al-Ḥārith) (c. 562 – 13 March 624) was a relative and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is known for commanding the expedition in which Islam’s first arrow was shot and for being the first Muslim to be martyred in battle and third ever in Islam.
Zapotec civilization
The Zapotec civilization (Be'ena'a (Zapotec) "The People that came from the clouds"; c. 700 BC – AD 1521) is an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica. Archaeological evidence shows that their culture originated at least 2,500 years ago. The Zapotec archaeological site at the ancient city of Monte Albán has monumental buildings, ball courts, tombs and grave goods, including finely worked gold jewelry. Monte Albán was one of the first major cities in Mesoamerica. It was the center of a Zapotec state that dominated much of the territory which today is known as the  Mexican state of Oaxaca. The Zapotec peoples are their modern descendants.

Logogram
In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek logos 'word', and gramma 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme. Chinese characters as used in Chinese as well as other languages are logograms, as are Egyptian hieroglyphs and characters in cuneiform script. A writing system that primarily uses logograms is called a logography. Non-logographic writing systems, such as alphabets and syllabaries, are phonemic: their individual symbols represent sounds directly and lack any inherent meaning. However, all known logographies have some phonetic component, generally based on the rebus principle, and the addition of a phonetic component to pure ideographs is considered to be a key innovation in enabling the writing system to adequately encode human language.
Sheffield district rail rationalisation plan of the 1960s
The Sheffield District Rail Rationalisation Plan was a series of linked railway civil engineering projects, station and line closures and train route changes that took place in and around Sheffield, South Yorkshire. The majority of these changes took place in the 1960s and early 1970s, however the plan, by now much modified in the face of rapidly dwindling freight traffic, was not fully realised until the 1980s.

Sheffield station
Sheffield station (formerly Pond Street and later Sheffield Midland) is a combined railway station and tram stop in Sheffield, England; it is the busiest station in South Yorkshire, and the third busiest in Yorkshire & the Humber, after Leeds and York. Adjacent is the South Yorkshire Supertram stop.
Greya punctiferella
Greya punctiferella is a moth of the  family Prodoxidae. It is found in the Pacific coastal ranges, the western slopes of the Cascades and in parts of the Sierra Nevada from south-eastern Alaska in the north to the Mendocino region of northern California in the south. The habitat consists of moist, coniferous or mixed conifer-Alnus forests.

The wingspan is 12.5–19 mm.

The larvae feed on Tiarella trifoliata, Tolmiea menziesii and Tellima grandiflora. The larvae are thought to be leaf miners.

Prodoxidae
The Prodoxidae are a family of moths, generally small in size and undistinguished in appearance. They include species of moderate pest status, like the currant shoot borer, and others of considerable ecological and evolutionary interest, such as various species of "yucca moths".
Biathlon Junior World Championships 2012
The 2012 Biathlon Junior World Championships was held in Kontiolahti, Finland from January 20 to January 26, 2012. There was to be a total of 16 competitions: sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start, and relay races for men and women.

Biathlon Junior World Championships
Biathlon Junior World Championships were first held in 1967 for men and in 1989 for women. According to the International Biathlon Union rules, biathletes qualify as Junior if they turn 20, 21 or 22 during the season from November to October, they qualify as Youth when they turn 17, 18 or 19 during the season.
Brunsvigia
Brunsvigia is a genus of African flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. It contains about 20 species native to southeastern and southern Africa from Tanzania to the Cape Provinces of South Africa.

Amaryllidoideae
Amaryllidoideae (Amaryllidaceae s.s., amaryllids) is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, order Asparagales. The most recent APG classification, APG IV, takes a broad view of the Amaryllidaceae, which then has three subfamilies, one of which is Amaryllidoideae (the old family Amaryllidaceae), and the others are Allioideae (the old family Alliaceae) and Agapanthoideae (the old family Agapanthaceae). The subfamily consists of about seventy genera, with over eight hundred species, and a worldwide distribution.
KTDZ
KTDZ (103.9 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to College, Alaska, and broadcasting to the Fairbanks metropolitan area. It is owned by Rob Ingstad, through licensee Rob Ingstad Licenses, LLC, and airs an adult hits radio format, known as "Ted-FM." The studios are on 9th Avenue in Fairbanks.

KTDZ has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 28,000 watts as a Class C1 station. The transmitter is on Crestline Drive at Skyline Drive in College.

Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska
The Fairbanks North Star Borough is a borough located in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,655, down from 97,581 in 2010. The borough seat is Fairbanks. The borough's land area is slightly smaller than that of the state of New Jersey.

Fairbanks North Star Borough comprises the Fairbanks, AK, Metropolitan Statistical Area, one of only two metropolitan areas in Alaska.

The borough is home to the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fort Wainwright and Eielson Air Force Base.
Adelaide Racing Club
Adelaide Racing Club was a horse racing club which had its origins around 1870 but founded in 1879 in competition with the South Australian Jockey Club. The A.R.C. held their race meetings on the "Old Adelaide Racecourse" (later known as Victoria Park) which they rented from the Adelaide City Council, while the S.A.J.C. owned Morphettville Racecourse freehold.

Thomas Elder
Sir Thomas Elder GCMG (5 August 1818 – 6 March 1897) was a Scottish-Australian pastoralist, highly successful businessman, philanthropist, politician, race-horse owner and breeder, and public figure. Amongst many other things, he is notable for introducing camels to Australia.
Cambuquira
Cambuquira is a Brazilian municipality in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
It has approximately 12,812 inhabitants (2020 estimate), and the city is part of the Circuito das Águas ("Water Circuit") of Minas Gerais.

São Thomé das Letras
São Thomé das Letras is a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil, 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Três Corações city. It has a population of 7,120 (2020) with a population density of 18 inhabitants per square kilometer. São Thomé das Letras covers 369.75 square kilometres (142.76 sq mi).
Ancient Greek boxing
Ancient Greek boxing (Greek: πυγμαχία pygmachia, "fist fighting") dates back to at least the 8th century BC (Homer's Iliad), and was practiced in a variety of social contexts in different Greek city-states. Most extant sources about ancient Greek boxing are fragmentary or legendary, making it difficult to reconstruct the rules, customs and history surrounding this activity in great detail. Still, it is clear that gloved boxing bouts were a significant part of ancient Greek athletic culture throughout the early classical period.

Varazdat
Varazdat (Armenian: Վարազդատ; flourished 4th century) was the king of Arsacid Armenia from 374/375 until 378. He was installed on the throne by the Roman emperor Valens after the assassination of his kinsman King Pap.
Gymnostachyum febrifugum
Gymnostachyum febrifugum is a herb endemic to the southern Western Ghats of India. It has medicinal value.

The species is classified as a member of the order Lamiales, family Acanthaceae, and genus Gymnostachyum.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
James B. Anderson
James Bernhard Anderson (November 16, 1935 – January 14, 2021) was an American chemist and physicist. From 1995 to 2014 he was Evan Pugh Professor of Chemistry and Physics at the Pennsylvania State University. He specialized in Quantum Chemistry by Monte Carlo methods, molecular dynamics of reactive collisions, kinetics and mechanisms of gas phase reactions, and rare-event theory.

Monte Carlo method
Monte Carlo methods, also called the Monte Carlo experiments or Monte Carlo simulations, are a broad class of computational algorithms based on repeated random sampling for obtaining numerical results. The underlying concept is to use randomness to solve deterministic problems.

Monte Carlo methods are mainly used in three distinct problem classes: optimization, numerical integration, and non-uniform random variate generation, available for modeling phenomena with significant input uncertainties, e.g. risk assessments for nuclear power plants. Monte Carlo methods are often implemented using computer simulations. They can provide approximate solutions to problems too complex for mathematical analysis.
John R. Goodison
John R. Goodison (1866 – December 14, 1926) was a merchant and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Carbonear in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1909 to 1918 as a member of the Newfoundland People's Party.

He was born in Carbonear, the son of the Reverend John C. Goodison and Elizabeth Ann Rorke, the daughter of John Rorke. Goodison was educated in Carbonear and in Eastbourne, England. He first entered the business established by his grandfather John Rorke, but later moved to Boston, returning to Newfoundland in 1901 and reentering the family business. Goodison served as speaker for the Newfoundland assembly from 1914 to 1918, when he resigned his seat. Goodison was then named a government purchasing agent and a public censor. He served as an inspector of lighthouses from 1918 until 1920, when he was named accountant for the Government Savings Bank.

John Rorke
John Rorke (June 9, 1807 – August 13, 1896) was an Irish-born merchant and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Carbonear in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1866 to 1882 as a Conservative and Confederate.

He was born in Athlone and came to Newfoundland in 1824, working as a clerk for Bennett and Ridley, a fishery supply firm. In 1830, he established his own firm in Carbonear. He married Mary Toque.

In 1859, a fire destroyed most of Carbonear, including Rorke's business and home; rebuilding began in the following year, and some of the rebuilt stone buildings remain as heritage structures in Carbonear. Rorke served as a member of the Executive Council from 1879 to 1882. He died in Carbonear at the age of 89.
W33 (nuclear warhead)
The W33 (also known as the Mark 33, T317 and M422) was an American nuclear artillery shell designed for use in the 8-inch (203 mm) M110 howitzer and M115 howitzer.

A total of 2,000 W33 projectiles were produced, with the first production warheads entering the stockpile in 1957. The W33 remained in service until 1992. The warhead used enriched uranium (code named oralloy) as its nuclear fissile material and could be used in two different yield configurations. This required the assembly and insertion of different pits, with the amount of fissile materials used controlling whether the destructive yield was low or high. The highest-yield version of the W33 may have been a boosted fission weapon.

Operation Nougat
Operation Nougat was a series of 44 nuclear tests conducted (with one exception) at the Nevada Test Site in 1961 and 1962, immediately after the Soviet Union abrogated a testing moratorium, with the US' Mink test shot taking place the day before the Soviets test-detonated the Tsar Bomba. Most tests were limited-yield underground test shots. New designs would be further developed in atmospheric testing during Operation Dominic I and II.

Operation Dominic I and II would follow Operation Nougat, with some testing overlap. Operation Hardtack II preceded Nougat and the testing moratorium.