hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Political Thought
History of Political Thought (HPT) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal, which was established in 1980. It is dedicated to history, political philosophy, and political science. The journal is published by Imprint Academic (Exeter, England). It was co-founded by the historians Iain Hampsher-Monk and Janet Coleman, and has been ranked as an A* journal by the Australian Political Studies Association.

Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (later simply CSA) was a division of Cambridge Information Group and provider of online databases, based in Bethesda, Maryland, before merging with ProQuest of Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 2007.  CSA hosted databases of abstracts and developed taxonomic indexing of scholarly articles.  These databases were hosted on the CSA Illumina platform and were available alongside add-on products like CSA Illustrata (deep-indexing of tables and figures). The company produced numerous bibliographic databases in different fields of the arts and humanities, natural and social sciences, and technology.
Thus, coverage included materials science, environmental sciences and pollution management, biological sciences, aquatic sciences and fisheries, biotechnology, engineering, computer science, sociology, linguistics, and other areas.
Garegnano
Garegnano is a district ("quartiere") of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 8 administrative division of the city, north-west of the city centre. Before being annexed to Milan, it has been an autonomous comune, originally known as Garegnano Marcido.

The prominent landmark of the Garegnano district is the Garegnano Charterhouse, founded in 1349. The main street of the area is Viale Certosa (named after the Charterhouse, "Certosa" in Italian), which crosses the district from south-east to north-west, passing nearby the Charterhouse and ending up to the Cimitero Maggiore, Milan's largest cemetery. Viale Certosa is almost parallel to Via Gallaratese, which marks the boundary between Garegnano and the Gallaratese district. Viale Certosa is an important thoroughfare for Milanese traffic, as it is one of the access points to the Tangenziale ring road and to the motorways.

Gallaratese
Gallaratese is a district ("quartiere") of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 8 administrative division of the city. It is located about 7 km north-west of the city centre. It borders on the comune of Pero to the north and on the districts of Trenno to the west and Lampugnano to the south; to the east, its ideal border is the eponymous street, which in turn is named after Gallarate, the town it leads to.
2005 Guadiana Trophy
The 2005 Guadiana Trophy was a Portuguese football competition that took place between 28 and 30 July 2005 and featured the clubs Sporting Clube de Portugal, Vitória de Setúbal, Middlesbrough, and Real Betis. Sporting won in the final against Vitória de Setúbal 2–0.

Algarve Football Cup
The Algarve Football Cup or Algarve Trophy (Troféu do Algarve), previously known as Guadiana Trophy until 2013, is a pre-season friendly football tournament played in Algarve, Portugal (one edition was played in Spain). Benfica is the most successful team in the tournament, having won nine trophies in fourteen participations.
Paranotothenia magellanica
Paranotothenia magellanica, also known as Magellanic rockcod, Maori cod, blue notothenia or orange throat notothen, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the family Nototheniidae, the notothens or cod icefishes. It is native to the Southern Ocean. "Maori chief" and "black cod", sometimes used for this species, usually refer to fishes from the related genus Notothenia. Being a perciform fish, it is unrelated to the true cods of the order Gadiformes.  This species is commercially important as a food fish.

Prince Edward Islands
The Prince Edward Islands are two small uninhabited subantarctic volcanic islands in the southern Indian Ocean that are administered by South Africa. They are named Marion Island (named after Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, 1724–1772) and Prince Edward Island (named after Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1767–1820).

The islands in the group have been declared Special Nature Reserves under the South African Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, No. 57 of 2003, and activities on the islands are therefore restricted to research and conservation management. Further protection was granted when the area was declared a marine protected area in 2013. The only human inhabitants of the islands are the staff of a meteorological and biological research station run by the South African National Antarctic Programme on Marion Island.
Yoshida-juku
Yoshida-juku (吉田宿, Yoshida-juku) was the thirty-fourth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in the center of what is now the city of Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was 287 kilometres (178 mi) from the start of the route in Edo's Nihonbashi and 6.1 kilometres (3.8 mi) from Futagawa-juku to the east and 10.5 kilometres (6.5 mi) from Goyu-shuku to the west.

Nihonbashi
Nihonbashi (日本橋, Nihonbashi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɲi.hom.ba.ɕi], also romanized as Nihombashi) is a business district of Chūō, Tokyo, Japan, which sprung up around the bridge of the same name that has linked two sides of the Nihonbashi River at this site since the 17th century.  The first wooden bridge was completed in 1603. The current bridge,  designed by Tsumaki Yorinaka and constructed of stone on a steel frame, dates from 1911.  The district covers a large area to the north and east of the bridge, reaching Akihabara to the north and the Sumida River to the east. Ōtemachi and Yaesu are to the west and Kyobashi to the south.

Nihonbashi, together with Kyobashi and Kanda, is the core of Shitamachi, the original downtown center of Edo-Tokyo, before the rise of newer secondary centers such as Shinjuku and Shibuya.
Principality of Theodoro
The Principality of Theodoro (Greek: Αὐθεντία πόλεως Θεοδωροῦς καὶ παραθαλασσίας), also known as Gothia (Γοτθία) or the Principality of Theodoro-Mangup, was a Greek principality in the southern part of Crimea, specifically on the foothills of the Crimean Mountains. It represented one of the final rump states of the Eastern Roman Empire and the last territorial vestige of the Crimean Goths until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire by the Ottoman Gedik Ahmed Pasha in 1475. Its capital was Doros, also sometimes called Theodoro and now known as Mangup. The state was closely allied with the Empire of Trebizond.

Alexander Vasiliev (historian)
Alexander Alexandrovich Vasiliev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Васи́льев; 4 October 1867 (N.S.) – 30 May 1953) was a Russian historian. He was considered the foremost authority on Byzantine history and culture in the mid-20th century. His History of the Byzantine Empire (vol. 1–2, 1928) remains one of a few comprehensive accounts of the entire Byzantine history, on the par with those authored by Edward Gibbon and Fyodor Uspensky.
1991 Wicklow County Council election
An election to Wicklow County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 24 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). This term was extended twice, first to 1998, then to 1999.

1991 Irish local elections
The 1991 Irish local elections were held in all administrative counties and county boroughs, the top tier of local government areas in Ireland, on Thursday, 27 June 1991.

The elections were postponed from June 1990. This allowed for the enactment of the Local Government Act 1991 prior to the vote. They were the first local elections contested by the Progressive Democrats, which had been founded in December 1985, and the first since Sinn Féin registered as a political party in December 1986.

There was a second tier of boroughs, urban districts and towns with boards of commissioners. Elections in non-county boroughs and towns were postponed until 1994.
German Film Award 2015
The 65th German Film Award took place on 19 June 2015, organised by the Deutsche Filmakademie. The award ceremony was held at the Palais am Funkturm in Berlin and broadcast by the ZDF. Jan Josef Liefers hosted the event.

German Film Award
The German Film Award (German: Deutscher Filmpreis),  also known as Lola after its prize statuette, is the national film award of Germany. It is presented at an annual ceremony honouring cinematic achievements in the German film industry. Besides being the most important film award in Germany, it is also the most highly endowed German cultural award, with cash prizes in its current 20 categories totalling nearly three million euros.

From 1951 to 2004 it was awarded by a commission, but since 2005 the award has been organized by the German Film Academy (Deutsche Filmakademie). The Federal Commissioner for Cultural and Media Affairs has been responsible for the administration of the prize since 1999. The awards ceremony is traditionally held in Berlin.
Harvey Norman
Harvey Norman is an Australian multinational retailer of furniture, bedding, computers, communications and consumer electrical products. It mainly operates as a franchise, with the main brand and all company-operated stores owned by ASX-listed Harvey Norman Holdings Limited.

As of 2025, there are 316 company-owned and franchised stores across Oceania, Europe and South-East Asia. Operating under the Harvey Norman, Domayne and Joyce Mayne brands in Australia, and as Harvey Norman overseas.

Auburn, New South Wales
Auburn is a Western Sydney suburb in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
Auburn is located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the Sydney central business district and is in the local government area of Cumberland City Council, having previously been the administrative centre of Auburn Council. 
The suburb was named after Oliver Goldsmith's poem The Deserted Village, which describes 'Auburn' in England as the "loveliest village of the plain".
Frederick Allen (Maine politician)
Frederick N. Allen (August 10, 1914 – November 11, 2001) was an American politician from Maine. Allen, a Republican from Portland, served two terms in the Maine House of Representatives (1944-1948) and twice in the Maine Senate (1948-1952).

He served as the national president of the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, an association of state commissioners of public utilities. He was appointed by Governor Frederick G. Payne to the Maine Public Utilities Commission, which regulates the various utilities of the state of Maine.

Allen managed Burton M. Cross's successful first campaign for governor in 1952. He was also an early supporter of U.S. Senator Margaret Chase Smith. In 2002, he supported Democrat Chellie Pingree for U.S. Senate.

Chellie Pingree
Chellie Marie Pingree (/ˈʃɛli ˈpɪŋɡriː/ SHELL-ee PING-gree; born Rochelle Marie Johnson; April 2, 1955) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Maine's 1st congressional district since 2009. Her district includes most of the southern part of the state, centered around the Portland area.

A member of the Democratic Party, Pingree was a member of the Maine Senate from 1992 to 2000, serving as majority leader for her last four years. She ran for the United States Senate in 2002, losing to incumbent Republican Susan Collins. From 2003 until 2006, she was president and CEO of Common Cause. She is the first Democratic woman elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine.
Yuba City Bears
The Yuba City Bears were a summer collegiate baseball team based in Marysville, California, in the United States and representing Yuba City, California. They were a member of the Great West League, having been established in 2017, and had played their home games at Colusa Casino Stadium adjacent to Ellis Lake, in Marysville.  They had shared the facilities with the Yuba-Sutter Gold Sox, but have since folded their GWL operations.

Yuba City, California
Yuba City (Maidu: Yubu) is a city in and the county seat of Sutter County, California, United States. The population was 70,117 at the 2020 census. Yuba City is the principal city of the Yuba City Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Sutter County and Yuba County. The metro area's population is 164,138. It is the 21st largest metropolitan area in California, ranked behind Redding and Chico. Its metropolitan statistical area is part of the Greater Sacramento CSA.
NGC 4320
NGC 4320, is a peculiar galaxy located about 370 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on April 15, 1865 and is a member of the NGC 4325 Group.

NGC 4320 appears to be the end result of an interaction and merger of two spiral galaxies.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
Xyloselinum
Xyloselinum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae.

Its native range is Indo-China.

Species:

Xyloselinum laoticum Pimenov & Aver.

Xyloselinum leonidii Pimenov & Kljuykov

Xyloselinum vietnamense Pimenov & Kljuykov

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Robert Wilson (music entrepreneur)
Robert Allan David Wilson, MBE, born in 1951 in the Scottish Borders, is an entrepreneurial business leader, musician and philanthropist. He went to Rutherglen Academy in Glasgow and Hawick High School. Wilson lives in Knebworth, Hertfordshire, and was awarded an MBE in the 2016 Queen's New Years Honours for services to the music industry and charity.

NAMM Oral History Program
The NAMM Oral History Program is an oral history project and archive of recordings of interviews with people from all aspects of the music products industry, including music instrument retailers, musical instrument and product creators, suppliers and sales representatives, music educators and advocates, publishers, live sound and recording pioneers, innovators, founders, and musicians.

Established in 2000 by NAMM: The  International Music Products Association to preserve the history of the music products industry as well as improve music education worldwide, the program includes over 5,000 audio or video interviews available to the public via online streaming.
Iron palm
Iron palm or iron hand (Chinese: 鐵沙掌, 鐵砂掌 or 鐵絲掌; pinyin: tiě shā​​ zhǎng or tiě sī zhǎng; lit. 'hands hard as iron yet soft as silk') is a body of training techniques in various Chinese martial arts. It is one of the original 72 arts of the Shaolin temple. These conditioning techniques are typically meant to condition the hands to allow a practitioner to deliver very powerful blows without injury to their hands.

Tendon
A tendon or sinew is a tough band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. It sends the mechanical forces of muscle contraction to the skeletal system, while withstanding tension.

Tendons, like ligaments, are made of collagen. The difference is that ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone. There are about 4,000 tendons in the adult human body.
Market Street Chinatown
Market Street Chinatown (Chinese: 孖結街唐人埠) or Plaza Chinatown refers to two successive Chinatowns in San Jose, California, during the 19th century. Both were destroyed by arson with the tacit support of officials. The site was rediscovered during a 1980s redevelopment project, shedding light on an era when San Jose led the state of California in anti-Chinese violence.

Anti-Chinese violence in California
Anti-Chinese violence in California includes a number of massacres, riots, expulsions and other violent actions that were directed at Chinese American communities in the 19th century. The attacks on Chinese were often sparked by labor disputes. In the 1880s alone, Chinese communities were attacked in 34 towns in California, often resulting in the local Chinatown being looted and burned.
Longpont Abbey
Longpont Abbey (Abbaye Notre-Dame de Longpont) was a Cistercian monastery, in present-day Longpont, Aisne, France.

It existed from 1131 to 1793, being founded by monks from the abbey of Clairvaux, at the behest of Jocelin of Soissons. There is now a hotel on the site, located in the old Cistercian inn. The roofless abbey church can be visited, along with the better-preserved buildings around the cloister. The original buildings suffered war damage in 1918.

Its monks included Peter the Chanter and John de Montmirail.

Clairvaux Abbey
Clairvaux Abbey (/klɛərˈvoʊ/, French: [klɛʁvo] l’abbaye de Clairvaux; Latin: Clara Vallis) was a Cistercian monastery in Ville-sous-la-Ferté, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Bar-sur-Aube. The abbey was founded in 1115 by Bernard of Clairvaux. As a primary abbey, it was one of the most significant monasteries in the order. Dissolved during the French Revolution, it was used from 1808 to 2023 as Clairvaux Prison, a high-security correctional facility. As of 2024, the site was being converted to a tourist destination.

Its layout was significantly altered by construction in the 18th and 19th centuries. Before it was a prison, Clairvaux Abbey served as an archetype for Cistercian monasteries; significant portions of the ancient abbey remain standing.
World manifold
In  gravitation theory, a world manifold endowed with some Lorentzian pseudo-Riemannian metric and an associated space-time structure is a space-time. Gravitation theory is formulated as classical field theory on natural bundles over a world manifold.

Causality conditions
Causality conditions are classifications of Lorentzian manifolds according to the types of causal structures they admit.
In the study of spacetimes, there exists a hierarchy of causality conditions which are important in proving mathematical theorems about the global structure of such manifolds. 
These conditions were collected during the late 1970s.

The weaker the causality condition on a spacetime, the more unphysical the spacetime is. Spacetimes with closed timelike curves, for example, present severe interpretational difficulties. See the grandfather paradox.

It is reasonable to believe that any physical spacetime will satisfy the strongest causality condition: global hyperbolicity. For such spacetimes the equations in general relativity can be posed as an initial value problem on a Cauchy surface.
Aethes perfidana
Aethes perfidana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Kennel in  1901. It is endemic to Spain.

The wingspan is 13–15 millimetres (0.51–0.59 in). Adults are on wing in June.

The larvae feed on Santolina species.

Julius von Kennel
Julius von Kennel (10 June 1854 – 24 January 1939) was a German zoologist and entomologist born in Schwegenheim.

He studied at the University of Würzburg, where he came under the influence of zoologist Karl Semper (1832–1893). Later, he worked as an assistant to Karl August Möbius (1825–1908) at the University of Kiel, and following his habilitation, he returned to the university of Würzburg. In 1882-83 he participated on a research expedition to Trinidad and Venezuela (including the Orinoco River region). Later, he served as a lecturer at the Forstakademie in Aschaffenburg, and from 1887 to 1915, was a full professor of zoology at the Imperial University of Dorpat.

Kennel was an authority on Microlepidoptera, and in particular the family- Tortricidae (tortrix moths). In 1898-99 he was president of the Estonian Naturalists' Society, and in 1922 became director of the zoological museum in Riga.
Eriocoelum
Eriocoelum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Sapindaceae.

Its native range is Tropical Africa.

Species:

Eriocoelum dzangensis D.J.Harris & Wortley

Eriocoelum kerstingii Gilg ex Engl.

Eriocoelum lawtonii Exell

Eriocoelum macrocarpum Gilg ex Radlk.

Eriocoelum microspermum Radlk. ex Engl.

Eriocoelum oblongum Keay

Eriocoelum paniculatum Baker

Eriocoelum petiolare Radlk. ex Engl.

Eriocoelum pungens Radlk. ex Engl.

Eriocoelum racemosum Baker

Eriocoelum rivulare Exell

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
Swamp Terrorists
The Swamp Terrorists were a Swiss electro-industrial music group that was formed in 1988 by Michael Antener (a.k.a. STR), Ane Hebeisen (a.k.a. Ane H), and Francis Halioua. Their music is harsh pounding electro-industrial/industrial hip hop beats, turntables and occasional rapping mixed with grinding metal guitar riffs (which are usually sampled from other heavy metal bands), and produces a sound similar to Die Warzau, KMFDM and White Zombie.

Metropolis Records
Metropolis Records is a record label that was founded in Philadelphia in 1993, by Dave Heckman. The label's all-electronic format closely tracked with European contemporaries including Off Beat, and since 1995 has been instrumental in promoting and distributing underground electronic music in the U.S.

On June 9, 1999, Metropolis bought the American industrial label, Pendragon Records. It assumed distribution responsibilities for Pendragon's back catalog, as well as that of 21st Circuitry, another industrial label which had gone out of business.