hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scaphocalyx
Scaphocalyx is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Achariaceae. The only species is Scaphocalyx spathacea.

It is a tree native to Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo.

Achariaceae
Achariaceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of 31 genera and about 155 species of tropical herbs, shrubs, and trees. The APG IV system has greatly expanded the scope of the family by including many genera previously classified in Flacourtiaceae. Molecular data strongly support the inclusion of this family in the order Malpighiales.

The family is almost exclusively tropical and is best known as the source of chaulmoogra oil, formerly used to treat leprosy. Unlike other members of the former Flacourtiaceae now placed in the family Salicaceae, the genera of Achariaceae typically have cyanogenic glycosides.
Iceland at the Olympics
Athletes from Iceland first participated at the Olympic Games in 1908.

The National Olympic Committee was created in 1921 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1935.
After 1936, Iceland has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since.
Iceland has also participated in all but one edition of the Winter Olympic Games since 1948, missing only the 1972 Winter Games.

Icelandic athletes have won a total of four medals, two in athletics, one in judo and one in handball.

Handball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's handball tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held from August 10 to August 24, at the Olympic Sports Centre Gymnasium and National Indoor Stadium in Beijing.  Twelve nations are represented in the men's tournament.

The four best teams from each group advanced to the quarterfinal round, 5th and 6th teams in each group are classified 9th-12th by the results of their group matches. The losers of quarterfinal matches competed in the 5th-8th place matches by the same elimination system as the winners of the quarterfinals.

This event was the last to be completed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Oberndorf am Neckar
Oberndorf am Neckar (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐndɔʁf ʔam ˈnɛkaʁ], lit. 'Oberndorf on the Neckar'; Swabian: Oberndorf am Näggô) is a town in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Neckar, 15 kilometres (9 miles) north of Rottweil.  It historically was and currently is a major center of the German weapons industry.

Rottweil (district)
Rottweil is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is part of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg region in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald regional district. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Freudenstadt, Zollernalbkreis, Tuttlingen, Schwarzwald-Baar and Ortenaukreis.
Southern Pacific Railroad Passenger Coach Car-S.P. X7
Southern Pacific Railroad Passenger Coach Car-S.P. X7 dates from c. 1875 and was used until 1938.  It is a former passenger coach of the Southern Pacific Railroad's Southern Division.  The railway vehicle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000, at which time it was located in Yuma, Arizona.

It is a representative example of the type of passenger coach car used when the Southern Pacific Railway entered Arizona, in September 1877, at Yuma Crossing.

A historic photo documents Geronimo beside a similar coach car in Texas in 1886.

Yuma Crossing
Yuma Crossing is a site in Arizona and California that is significant for its association with transportation and communication across the Colorado River.  It connected New Spain and Las Californias in the Spanish Colonial period in and also during the Western expansion of the United States.  Features of the Arizona side include the Yuma Quartermaster Depot and Yuma Territorial Prison.  Features on the California Side include Fort Yuma,  which protected the area from 1850 to 1885.
David Gray (police officer)
David Gray, CBE, QPM (18 November 1914 – 28 December 1999) was HM Chief Inspector of Constabulary for Scotland from 1970 to 1979.

Gray was educated at Preston Grammar School. He joined the Renfrew and Bute Constabulary and progressed steadily upwards. He was Chief Constable of the Greenock Burgh Police from 1955 to 1958 where he was an early advocaste of Community Policing. He was the Honorary Secretary of the Scottish Chief Constables Association from 1958 to 1969; by Louise A. Jackson, Angela Bartie and Chief of the Stirling and Clackmannan force from 1958 to 1969.

Scottish Chief Constables Association
The Scottish Chief Constables Association was a professional body within which the leaders of Scotland's county constabularies and burgh police forces could meet to socialise, discuss policy, prepare documents and communicate with other organisations with a stake in law enforcement. It also liaised with the ACPO.
Great Thatch ruin
Great Thatch ruin is a ruin on Great Thatch island in the British Virgin Islands.

The ruin probably dates from the sugar plantation era, but may be earlier. It was presumed abandoned during the economic collapse of the British Virgin Islands during the mid-19th century, when many plantations were abandoned. The ruin covers a significant estate, and is an indicator of some wealth.

It is not clear when the ruin was finally fully abandoned, although bottles found on the site from the Portobello bottle company in Edinburgh, Scotland, suggest that it may have been as late as 1907.  The cistern on the site does not exhibit the same level of deterioration as similar parts of ruins in the Territory which are known to have been abandoned during the 1850s.

History of the British Virgin Islands
The history of the British Virgin Islands is usually, for convenience, broken up into five separate periods:

Pre-Columbian Amerindian settlement, up to an uncertain date

Nascent European settlement, from approximately 1612 until 1672

British control, from 1672 until 1834

Emancipation, from 1834 until 1950

The modern state, from 1950 to present day

These time periods are used for convenience only. There appears to be an uncertain period of time from when the last Arawak left what would later be called the British Virgin Islands until the first Europeans started to settle there in the early 17th century, when records of any settlement are unclear. Each of the above periods is marked by a dramatic change from the preceding time period, providing a way to define the history.
G. B. Joshi
Govindacharya Bhimacharya Joshi was an Indian playwright in the 1950s. He was born in Hombal village in Gadag district of Karnataka state in 1904. He established a theatre group named Vasudeva Vinodini Natya Samsthe at Bagalkot and another theatre group named Kalopasaka Mandali in Dharwad in 1954. He was also a founder publisher of Manohara Granthamala which has published the works of Jnanapeetha awardee D.R. Bendre, V.K. Gokak, Shivaram Karanth, A.N. Krishna Rao, Shankar Mokashi Punekar, N. Kasturi, R. S. Mugali, Keertinath Kurtakoti, Chandrashekhara Kambara, Girish Karnad, V. Sitaramaiah and several others.

Shankar Mokashi Punekar
Shankar Mokashi Punekar (8 May 1928 – 11 August 2004) was a well known writer in the Kannada Language. He was a recipient of the Sahitya Academy  award for his novel Avadheshwari. He was  considered as one of the major writer in the Modern Kannada Literature. His novel Gangavva Gangamayi was the magnum opus in the history of Kannada Literature. Gangavva Gangamayi, Avadheshwari (Novels), Bilaaskhaan (Story), Maayiya Mooru Mukhagalu (Poem), Sahitya mattu Abhiruchi (Criticism) and Paschyatya Sahitya Vimarshe (Criticism) are major contributions to the Kannada Literature.
Arizona/New Mexico Mountains ecoregion
The Arizona/New Mexico Mountains ecoregion is a Level III ecoregion designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. states of Arizona and New Mexico, with a small extension into the Guadalupe Mountains in Texas. The World Wildlife Fund named this ecoregion Arizona Mountains forests, and classified it as a temperate coniferous forests ecoregion. The ecoregion has a rich variety of woodland habitats and wildlife.

Intrusive rock
Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes, and solidifies underground to form intrusions, such as batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks.

Intrusion is one of the two ways igneous rock can form. The other is extrusion, such as a volcanic eruption or similar event. An intrusion is any body of intrusive igneous rock, formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet. In contrast, an extrusion consists of extrusive rock, formed above the surface of the crust.

Some geologists use the term plutonic rock synonymously with intrusive rock, but other geologists subdivide intrusive rock, by crystal size, into coarse-grained plutonic rock (typically formed deeper in the Earth's crust in batholiths or stocks) and medium-grained subvolcanic or hypabyssal rock (typically formed higher in the crust in dikes and sills).
Meyenaster
Meyenaster is a genus of starfish in the family Asteriidae. It is a monotypic genus and the only species is Meyenaster gelatinosus which was first described by the Prussian botanist and zoologist Franz Julius Ferdinand Meyen in 1834. It is found in the southeastern Pacific Ocean on the coasts of South America.

Asteriidae
The Asteriidae are a diverse family of Asteroidea (sea stars) in the order Forcipulatida. It is one of three families in the order Forcipulatida.

The oldest unambiguous fossils of the family date to the Late Cretaceous.
Branč Castle
Branč Castle (Slovak: Branč Hrad) is a castle located in the village of Branč in the Trnava Region of Slovakia. The castle is situated on a hill that rises to an elevation of 475 meters above the village of Podbranč, close to the town of Senica in the Trnava Region of Slovakia.

Branč Castle was part of a network of frontier castles that ensured the safety of the routes leading from Moravia to the Carpathian passes. Constructed in the 13th century, it served as the administrative center for a large estate. By the end of the 17th century, the castle was destroyed by fire and subsequently fell into disrepair. Today, only the remnants of the walls of various buildings and some sections of the lower castle remain.

Trnava Region
The Trnava Region (Slovak: Trnavský kraj, pronounced [ˈtr̩nawskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Nagyszombati kerület; German: Tyrnauer Landschaftsverband) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. It was established in 1996, before which date, most of its districts were parts of Bratislava Region which was established on the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1923. It consists of 251 municipalities, from which 16 have a town status. It is the second most densely populated region in Slovakia.
Timeline of meteorology
The timeline of meteorology contains events of scientific and technological advancements in the area of atmospheric sciences.  The most notable advancements in observational meteorology, weather forecasting, climatology, atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric physics are listed chronologically.  Some historical weather events are included that mark time periods where advancements were made, or even that sparked policy change.

International Meteorological Organization
The International Meteorological Organization (IMO; 1873–1951) was the first organization formed with the purpose of exchanging weather information among the countries of the world. It came into existence from the realization that weather systems move across country boundaries; and that knowledge of pressure, temperature, precipitations, etc., upstream and downstream are needed for weather forecasting. It was superseded by the World Meteorological Organization.
Bogdan Pereș
Bogdan Ionuţ Pereş (born 4 July 1983) is a former football player who last time played for FC Baia Mare as a striker.

He played as a youngster at FC Baia Mare, where he made his debut in the Romanian Liga II in 1998. He played for FC Baia Mare between 1998 and 2004, then he moved in 2004 at Gloria Bistriţa, where he played two years. He moved to FC Brașov and after some time he returned at FC Baia Mare. After a short spell at FC Baia Mare, he played first-team football at Arieşul Turda in Liga II. He returned at FC Baia Mare in the summer of 2009, where he played for one more season before retiring from professional football

Liga II
The Liga 2, most commonly spelled as Liga II, is the second level of the Romanian football league system. The league changed its name from Divizia B just before the start of the 2006–07 football season. It is currently sponsored by Casa Pariurilor, a betting company under the official name Liga 2 Casa Pariurilor.
Aphelochaeta zebra
Aphelochaeta zebra is a species of bitentaculate cirratulidan first found in the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, at a coral reef in Golfo Dulce. It is characterised by possessing an expanded posterior end and by its darkly-staining intersegmental regions (via methyl green staining).

Cirratulidae
Cirratulidae is a family of marine polychaete worms. Members of the family are found worldwide, mostly living in mud or rock crevices. Most are deposit feeders, but some graze on algae or are suspension feeders. Although subject to multiple revisions over time, cirratulids are among the few polychaete clades with a verified fossil record.
English Stones
The English Stones are a rocky outcrop in the Severn Estuary between Caldicot, Monmouthshire, and Severn Beach, South Gloucestershire. Because the area is exposed at low tide, and is a rare spot of solid land in the highly tidal estuary, it has long been considered a good location to build barrages, dams or bridges. In the 1990s the construction of the Second Severn Crossing made use of the English Stones as a foundation for significant sections of the bridge.

Severn Estuary
The Severn Estuary (Welsh: Aber Hafren) is the estuary of the River Severn, flowing into the Bristol Channel between South West England (from North Somerset, Bristol and South Gloucestershire) and South Wales (from Cardiff, Newport to Monmouthshire). Its very high tidal range, approximately 50 feet (15 m), creates valuable intertidal habitats and has led to the area  being at the centre of discussions in the United Kingdom regarding renewable tidal energy.
Sas van Gent
Sas van Gent is a town in the Netherlands.  It is located in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Terneuzen and lies about 30 km south of Vlissingen on the border with Belgium.

The Ghent–Terneuzen Canal passes through Sas van Gent, and at that point there was a lock in the canal.  The name of the village, Sas van Gent, means sluice of Ghent, as it sits just north of the Belgian city of Ghent.

Vlissingen
Vlissingen (Dutch: [ˈvlɪsɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; Zeelandic: Vlissienge) is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the island of Walcheren. With its strategic location between the Scheldt river and the North Sea, Vlissingen has been an important harbour for centuries. It was granted city rights in 1315. In the 17th century the roadstead of Vlissingen was a main harbour for ships of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). It is also known as the birthplace of Lieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter.

Vlissingen is mainly noted for the yards on the Scheldt where most of the ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy (Koninklijke Marine) are built.
Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey
Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf maʁi sɛʁvɑ̃ də ʒɛʁbɛ]; 14 February 1741 – 10 May 1808) was a French general. During the French Revolution he served twice as Minister of War and briefly led the Army of the Western Pyrenees. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 33.

Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe
The following is a list of the 660 names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. Most of them represent generals who served during the French First Republic (1792–1804) and the First French Empire (1804–1815). Underlined names signify those killed in action. Additionally, the names of specific armies are listed, grouped together by the four compass facades of the arch: North (northern France, lower Rhine, Netherlands), East (Central Europe, Switzerland, Italy), South (Mediterranean Europe, Egypt, southern France) and West (Pyrenees, western France, notable units).

Related list: Battles inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Northern pillar  Armies of northern France, the lower Rhine and the Netherlands.

Eastern pillar  Armies of Central Europe, Switzerland and Italy.

Southern pillar  Armies of Mediterranean Europe, Egypt and southern France.

Western pillar  Armies of the Pyrenees, western France and notable units.
Cloake board
A Cloake board is a piece of equipment used in beekeeping to facilitate raising queen bees. Invented by New Zealander Harry Cloake, the Cloake board consists of a queen excluder mounted to a wooden frame. The wooden frame contains a slot which allows a "temporary" floor (solid divider) to be inserted.

Queen excluder
In beekeeping, a queen excluder is a selective barrier inside the beehive that allows worker bees but not the larger queens and drones to traverse the barrier. The bars have a distance of 4.2 millimeters (1⁄6 inch). The barrier grid was probably invented around 1890.

The purpose is to prevent the queen from moving from the brood chamber to the honey chamber. There she would lay her eggs between storage cells with honey, so that bee larvae or eggs would get into the honey during centrifuging.

Queen excluders are also used with some queen breeding methods.
Broadhaven Bay
Broadhaven Bay (Irish: Cnocán na Líne) is a natural bay of the Atlantic Ocean on the northwestern coast of County Mayo, Ireland. The opening of the bay faces northward, stretching 8.6 km between Erris Head in the west and Kid Island/Oileán Mionnán in the east.

It borders the parishes of Kilcommon, Kiltane and Kilmore Erris in the Barony of Erris. Landscape largely consists of Atlantic blanket bog interspersed with some areas of machair and white sandy beaches.  Population is relatively low, mainly concentrated around inlets along the coastline.

Brant (goose)
The brant or brent goose (Branta bernicla) is a small goose of the genus Branta. There are three subspecies, all of which winter along temperate-zone sea-coasts and breed on the high-Arctic tundra.

The Brent oilfield was named after the species.
Xenia of Tarusa
Xenia of Tarusa (Russian: Ксения Тарусская) (c. 1246 – 1312), also known as Kseniya Yurievna (Russian: Ксения Юрьевна), (also Ksenia) was a Princess consort of Tver and Grand Princess consort of Vladimir from 1267 to 1271. She is counted among the saints of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Xenia of Tarusa was a daughter of Youri Mikhailovich, Prince of Tarusa.

She married Yaroslav III (Yaroslav Yaroslavich), Prince of Tver and Grand Prince of Vladimir in 1265. During her marriage and the reign of her husband she was unusually influential in the affairs of the state and remained so even after Yaroslav's death in 1271. Soon after she retired to the women's monastery in Novgorod, yet continued to play an influential role in the affairs of the principality. She died in 1312 as a nun and was buried in the Transfiguration Cathedral she founded.

Princess consort
Princess consort is an official title or an informal designation that is normally accorded to the wife of a sovereign prince. The title may be used for the wife of a king if the more usual designation of queen consort is not used.

More informally, it may even be used to describe the family position of any woman who marries royalty non-morganatically, if the rank she derives from that marriage is at least that of a princess (e.g., Grace Kelly was Princess Consort during marriage, whereas Liliane Baels and Countess Juliana von Hauke are not usually so described).

The "consort" part is often dropped when speaking or writing of a princess consort, and the term is only capitalized when the title is borne officially. Currently, there are three princesses consort, one of whom is the wife of a reigning sovereign prince, with the other two being wives of reigning sovereign kings.
2008 Société Générale trading loss
In January 2008, the bank Société Générale lost approximately €4.9 billion closing out positions over three days of trading beginning January 21, 2008, a period in which the market was experiencing a large drop in equity indices. The bank states these positions were fraudulent transactions created by Jérôme Kerviel, a trader with the company. The police stated they lacked evidence to charge him with fraud and charged him with breach of trust and illegally accessing computers. Kerviel states his actions were known to his superiors and that the losses were caused by panic selling by the bank. Société Générale's own wrongs were later established by a French jurisdiction, which led the Cour de cassation to cancel the €4.9 billion sanction on Kerviel.

Panic selling
Panic selling is a large-scale selling of an investment that causes a sharp decline in prices. Specifically, an investor wants to sell an investment with little regard to the price obtained. The sale is problematic because the investor is reacting to emotion and fear, rather than evaluating the fundamentals.

Today, most major stock exchanges use trading curbs to throttle panic selling, provide a cooling period for people to digest information, and restore some degree of normality to the market.
Agustín Canobbio
Agustín Canobbio Graviz (born 1 October 1998) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Fluminense and the Uruguay national team.

2017 South American U-20 Championship
The 2017 South American Youth Football Championship (Spanish: Campeonato Sudamericano Sub-20 Juventud de América Ecuador 2017, Brazilian Portuguese: Campeonato Sul-Americano Sub-20 Juventude da América Equador 2017) was the 28th edition of the South American Youth Football Championship, a football competition for the under-20 national teams in South America organized by CONMEBOL. It was held in Ecuador from 18 January to 11 February 2017.

Uruguay were crowned champions, and together with Ecuador, Venezuela and Argentina, which were the top four teams of this tournament, qualified for the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup in South Korea.
Kun-Woo Paik
Kun-woo Paik (Korean: 백건우; born March 10, 1946, in Seoul) is a South Korean pianist. He has performed with multiple orchestras, including the London Symphony Orchestra, the BBC Symphony Orchestra, and the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic.

Hüseyin Sermet
Hüseyin Sermet (born in Istanbul, 1955) is a Turkish pianist and composer. He is a Doctor Honoris Causa by the Boğaziçi (1988) and Marmara (1998) universities, and was named a State Artist in 1991. He is Co-President of ADAP (Association of Artists for Peace), based in Paris.
Beran (surname)
Beran (feminine: Beranová) is a Czech surname, meaning 'ram' (male sheep). The Polish and Slovak counterpart of the surname is Baran. Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Beran (born 1984), American basketball player

Bruce Beran (born 1935), American vice admiral

Christa Beran (1922–1992), Austrian rescuer of Holocaust victims

Dave Beran (born 1984), American chef

Emerik Beran (1868–1940), Czech-Slovenian composer

Jiří Beran (born 1982), Czech fencer

Jiří Beran (skier) (born 1952), Czech cross-country skier

Josef Beran (1888–1969), Czech cardinal

Ladislav Beran (born 1967), Czech actor

Matěj Beran (born 1993), Czech ice hockey player

Michal Beran (ice hockey) (born 1973), Slovak ice hockey player

Rudolf Beran (1887–1954), Czech politician

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.