hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Viola lobata
Viola lobata is a species of violet known by the common name pine violet. It is native to western North America from southern Oregon through California and into northern Baja California, where it occurs in mountain ranges and foothills. It grows in woodlands and other habitat. This rhizomatous herb produces an erect stem a few centimeters tall or growing to nearly half a meter in maximum height. The leaves have variously shaped blades borne on long petioles. The blades are 5 to 15 centimeters wide and may be hairless, hairy, or waxy in texture. The leaf blades are often divided into narrow lobes or dissected into small segments. The shape of the leaf blade differentiates the two subspecies; ssp. lobata has dissected leaves and ssp. integrifolia has entire or toothed blades. A solitary flower is borne on a long, upright stem. It has five yellow petals, all five or just the lower three with purple or brown veining and the upper two stained with purple or brown on the outer surfaces.

Viola (plant)
Viola, commonly known as the violets, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes.

Some Viola species are perennial plants, some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Many species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. In horticulture, the term pansy is normally used for those multi-colored large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding.
Kosmos 1164
Kosmos 1164 (Russian: Космос 1164 meaning Cosmos 1164) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1980 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors, however due to a launch failure, it was never used for the purpose.

Kosmos 1164 was launched from Site 43/4 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 00:53 UTC on 12 February 1980. The launch was unsuccessful and placed the satellite into low Earth orbit rather than the intended molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1980-013A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 11700.

It re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 12 February 1980, the same day it was launched.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
KWPC
KWPC (860 AM) is a commercial radio station serving the Muscatine, Iowa area. The station broadcasts a classic country format. The station airs regular news, weather and sports coverage. KWPC is owned by Krieger Media Company.

The studio, transmitter, and broadcast tower are located at 3218 Mulberry Avenue in northwest Muscatine, behind Muscatine High School. The tower is 108 m (354 ft) tall. KWPC shares its tower with sister FM station KMCS.

Muscatine High School
Muscatine High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school in Muscatine, Iowa. The school is part of the Muscatine Community School District. Located approximately one mile east of U.S. Highway 61 in Muscatine, Muscatine High School teaches students from the city and adjacent rural areas.
Hildegard Lamfrom
Hildegard Lamfrom was a German-American molecular biologist/biochemist. She helped develop one of the first in-vitro translation systems, using rabbit reticulocyte lysate to study protein synthesis (a process called translation) in a cell-free context. This allowed her to make a number of contributions to the field including providing some of the first direct evidence for the existence of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a protein template, as well as the existence of polyribosomes (aka polysomes) (multiple ribosomes translating on the same mRNA).

MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) is a research institute in Cambridge, England, involved in the revolution in molecular biology which occurred in the 1950–60s. Since then it has remained a major medical research laboratory at the forefront of scientific discovery, dedicated to improving the understanding of key biological processes at atomic, molecular and cellular levels using multidisciplinary methods, with a focus on using this knowledge to address key issues in human health.

A new replacement building constructed close by to the original site on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in May 2013. The road outside the new building is named Francis Crick Avenue after the 1962 joint Nobel Prize winner and LMB alumnus, who co-discovered the helical structure of DNA in 1953.
Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq
Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq (Arabic: أَبُو يُوسُف يَعقُوب بن عَبد الحَقّ) (c. 1212 – 20 March 1286) was a Marinid ruler. He was the fourth son of Marinid founder Abd al-Haqq, and succeeded his brother Abu Yahya in 1258.  He died in 1286. He was the son of Abd al-Haqq I and Oum el-Iman bint Ali el-Bethary, a Zenata woman. Some sources add her mother to be known as Oum el Youm and a daughter of a Zenata clan leader of the Tafersit region.

Sancho IV of Castile
Sancho IV of Castile (12 May 1258 – 25 April 1295) called the Brave (el Bravo), was the king of Castile, León and Galicia (now parts of Spain) from 1284 to his death. Following his brother Ferdinand's death, he gained the support of nobles who declared him king instead of Ferdinand's son Alfonso. Faced with revolts throughout his reign, before he died he made his wife regent for his son, who became Ferdinand IV.
Simogo
Simogo AB is a Swedish independent video game developer based in Malmö. The company was founded in 2010 and is best known for creating games for mobile devices, including Year Walk and Device 6. Its name comes from the name of its founders Simon (SIM), and Gordon (GO); the 'O' from the Swedish word "och" meaning "and".

Prior to Simogo, founders Simon Flesser and Magnus "Gordon" Gardebäck worked at Southend Interactive, creating ilomilo (Xbox 360) amongst other games.

Independent Games Festival
The Independent Games Festival (IGF) is an annual festival at the Game Developers Conference (GDC), the largest annual gathering of the independent video game industry. Originally founded in 1998 to promote independent video game developers, and innovation in video game development by CMP Media, later known as UBM Technology Group, IGF is now owned by Informa after UBM's acquisition.

The IGF competition awards a total of $50,000 in prizes to independent developers in Main Competition and Student Competition categories and held around the same time as the Game Developers Choice Awards event.

From 2007 to 2010, there was a separate event called IGF Mobile for mobile phone games.
Kentmere
Kentmere is a valley, village and civil parish in the Lake District National Park, a few miles from Kendal in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Historically in Westmorland, at the 2011 census Kentmere had a population of 159. The current lord of the manor is American philanthropist Terry A. Perkins.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Giorgi Kukhianidze
Giorgi Kukhianidze (Georgian: გიორგი კუხიანიძე; born 1 July 1992) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Uzbekistan Super League club  Qizilqum.

Kukhianidze is the three-time winner of the Georgian top league. He has also won the national cup and Supercup.

Erovnuli Liga awards
Тhe Erovnuli Liga awards is an annual awards ceremony commemorating association football players, managers and referees involved in the top Georgian football league.

Established after the introduction of the Erovnuli Liga in 2017, the event is usually held at the end of each season by the Georgian Football Federation in Tbilisi, Georgia. Based on surveys among the national team members, football managers, team captains, sport experts and retired players, most outstanding individuals are selected in certain nominations. The vote in general covers not only the first-tier football, but also Georgian footballers playing abroad, the Futsal and Women's leagues.

The winners listed below have been awarded for their contribution specifically to the national league. Although both announced at the same event, the Erovnuli Liga Player of the Year is not to be confused with Georgian Footballer of the Year.
Kosmos 2459
Kosmos 2459 (Russian: Космос 2459 meaning Cosmos 2459) is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2010 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2460 and Kosmos 2461.

This satellite is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 731.

Kosmos 2459/60/61 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 21:19 UTC on 1 March 2010. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2010-007A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 36400.

It is in the third orbital plane of the GLONASS constellation, in orbital slot 22. It started operations on 28 March 2010.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
John Neal (cricketer)
John Howard Neal (18 October 1926 – 18 April 2012) was an English cricketer. Neal was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Ditchling, Sussex and educated at Hurstpierpoint College.

Neal made his debut for Sussex in the 1950 Minor Counties Championship against Essex. Neal played a further two Minor Counties Championship matches from 1950 to 1951. Neal made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Lancashire at Old Trafford in 1951. In Sussex's first-innings, he scored 5 runs before being dismissed by Malcolm Hilton. In their second-innings, he was dismissed for 23 runs by Alan Wharton. This was his only major appearance for Sussex.

Neal died in hospital on 18 April 2012 after a short illness.

Hurstpierpoint College
Hurstpierpoint College is a public school (English private boarding and day school), located just north of the village of Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex. The College was founded in 1849 by Canon Nathaniel Woodard and is a member of the Woodard Corporation.
Kelsey Robinson
Kelsey Marie Robinson Cook (born June 25, 1992) is an American volleyball player. She has been a member of the United States women's national volleyball team since 2014. A three-time Olympian, Robinson has a gold, silver, and bronze medal from the 2020, 2024, and 2016 Olympics respectively.

VakıfBank S.K.
VakıfBank Sports Club (Turkish: VakıfBank Spor Kulübü) is a Turkish professional volleyball club based in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1986, VakıfBank SK is currently one of the best women's volleyball teams in the world, having won the FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship a record four times and the European Champions League six times to date.

From 23 October 2012 to 22 January 2014, the team held a 73-game winning streak in all official domestic and international competitions, which was acknowledged as a world record by Guinness World Records. The club won all 52 official games played during the 2012–13 season and all 51 official games played in 2013. VakıfBank collected all five championship trophies unbeaten in the 2012–13 season, being the only club in volleyball history to have achieved this unparalleled feat.
Le Fort fracture of skull
The Le Fort (or LeFort) fractures are a pattern of midface fractures originally described by the French surgeon René Le Fort in the early 1900s. He described three distinct fracture patterns. Although not always applicable to modern-day facial fractures, the Le Fort type fracture classification is still utilized today by medical providers to aid in describing facial trauma for communication, documentation, and surgical planning. Several surgical techniques have been established for facial reconstruction following Le Fort fractures, including maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The main goal of any surgical intervention is to re-establish occlusion, or the alignment of upper and lower teeth, to ensure the patient is able to eat. Complications following Le Fort fractures rely on the anatomical structures affected by the inciding injury.

Orbit (anatomy)
In vertebrate anatomy, the orbit is the cavity or socket/hole of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated. "Orbit" can refer to the bony socket, or it can also be used to imply the contents. In the adult human, the volume of the orbit is about 28 millilitres (0.99 imp fl oz; 0.95 US fl oz), of which the eye occupies 6.5 ml (0.23 imp fl oz; 0.22 US fl oz). The orbital contents comprise the eye, the orbital and retrobulbar fascia, extraocular muscles, cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, and VI, blood vessels, fat, the lacrimal gland with its sac and duct, the eyelids, medial and lateral palpebral ligaments, cheek ligaments, the suspensory ligament, septum, ciliary ganglion and short ciliary nerves.
Gulf Coast of the United States
The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South or the South Coast, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, and these are known as the Gulf States.

The economy of the Gulf Coast area is dominated by industries related to energy, petrochemicals, fishing, aerospace, agriculture, and tourism. The large cities of the region are (from west to east) Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Houston, Galveston, Beaumont, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Biloxi, Mobile, Pensacola, Panama City, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. All are the centers or major cities of their respective metropolitan areas and many contain large ports.

South Texas
South Texas is a geographic and cultural region of the U.S. state of Texas that lies roughly south of—and includes—San Antonio. It is bordered by the Rio Grande,to the south and west, and by the Gulf of Mexico to the east. The population of this region is more than 5 million according to the 2024 census estimates. The southern portion of this region is often referred to as the Rio Grande Valley. The eastern portion along the Gulf of Mexico is also referred to as the Coastal Bend.

Greater Houston and Beaumont–Port Arthur are occasionally tied to the region because they are on the southern end of the state and for businesses that use "South Texas" in its name. (i.e. South Texas School of Law, South Texas State Fair, etc.). However, the two are more commonly associated with East Texas or Southeast Texas.
Raray
Raray (French pronunciation: [ʁaʁɛ]) is a commune in the Oise department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. Raray is located in the agricultural plain of the Valois, 11 km northeast of Senlis and 13 km west of Crépy-en-Valois. The commune of Raray consists of the village that gave it its name and the hamlet of La Borde, located at the northeastern end of the municipal territory. This hamlet is reduced to a farm and a few houses.

Crépy-en-Valois
Crépy-en-Valois (French pronunciation: [kʁepi ɑ̃ valwa], lit. 'Crépy in Valois') is a commune located in the Oise department in northern France. It is located in the Paris Metropolitan Area, 58 km (36 mi) northeast of the center of Paris.
KeY
KeY is a formal verification tool for Java programs. It accepts specifications written in the Java Modeling Language to Java source files. These are transformed into theorems of dynamic logic and then compared against program semantics that are likewise defined in terms of dynamic logic. KeY is significantly powerful in that it supports both interactive (i.e. by hand) and fully automated correctness proofs. Failed proof attempts can be used for a more efficient debugging or verification-based testing. There have been several extensions to KeY in order to apply it to the verification of C programs or hybrid systems. KeY is jointly developed by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany; and Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden and is licensed under the GPL.

Symbolic execution
In computer science, symbolic execution (also symbolic evaluation or symbex) is a means of analyzing a program to determine what inputs cause each part of a program to execute.  An interpreter follows the program, assuming symbolic values for inputs rather than obtaining actual inputs as normal execution of the program would.  It thus arrives at expressions in terms of those symbols for expressions and variables in the program, and constraints in terms of those symbols for the possible outcomes of each conditional branch. Finally, the possible inputs that trigger a branch can be determined by solving the constraints.

The field of symbolic simulation applies the same concept to hardware. Symbolic computation applies the concept to the analysis of mathematical expressions.
William Fleming (governor)
Colonel William Fleming (February 18, 1727 – August 5, 1795) was an American physician, soldier, politician, and planter who served as a local justice of the peace in the mountains of southwestern Virginia and Kentucky, as well as in the Senate of Virginia and briefly acted as the governor of Virginia during the American Revolutionary War.

Fleming is often confused with his contemporary, Judge William Fleming, who also served in the Virginia legislature (but from Cumberland County in the middle of the Commonwealth) and who was a delegate to the Continental Congress.

Staunton, Virginia
Staunton (/ˈstæntən/ STAN-tən) is an independent city in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,750. In Virginia, independent cities are separate jurisdictions from the counties that surround them, so the government offices of Augusta County are in Verona, which is contiguous to Staunton. Staunton is a principal city of the Staunton-Stuarts Draft Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2020 population of 125,433. Staunton is known for being the birthplace of Woodrow Wilson, the 28th U.S. president, and as the home of Mary Baldwin University, historically a women's college. The city is also home to Stuart Hall, a private co-ed preparatory school, as well as the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind. It was the first city in the United States with a fully defined city manager system.
Princess Cays
Princess Cays is a tourist resort at the southern end of the island of Eleuthera, The Bahamas. It is owned by Carnival Corporation, which owns Princess Cruises, among others. Carnival Corporation also owns nearby Half Moon Cay. Contrary to the implication of its name, it is located on Eleuthera, rather than on separate islands.

Late January 28, 2019, a fire ignited at a generator, causing damage to the resort.

Little San Salvador Island
Little San Salvador Island, also known as Half Moon Cay or RelaxAway, Half Moon Cay (/ˈkiː/), is one of about 700 islands that make up the archipelago of The Bahamas. It is located roughly halfway between Eleuthera and Cat Island, administratively in the Cat Island District. It is a private island, owned by Carnival Corporation & plc, which uses it as a port of call for the cruise ships it operates in the region.

Little San Salvador Island is located about 100 miles (160 kilometres)  southeast of Nassau. Holland America Line purchased the island in December 1996 for a price of US$6 million. It has since developed 50 acres (200,000 m2) of the 2,400-acre (9.7 km2) island, with the stated goal of maintaining as much habitat as possible for wildlife. The island is also a significant nesting area for waterfowl. The island does not have deep water docking, requiring the use of tenders for cruise ship passengers to disembark and embark.
2011 Open Seguros Bolívar
The 2011 Open Seguros Bolívar was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour, and the fifth edition for the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Bogotá, Colombia between 11 and 17 July 2011.

Open Bogotá
Kia Open Bogotá (previously DirecTV Open Bogotá, Open Seguros Bolívar, Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá) is a tournament for professional tennis players played on outdoor clay courts held in Bogotá, Colombia since 2005. From 2005–2013 and from 2014–2017, it was an Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour men's event. The tournament was not held in 2018–2020 but returned to the Challenger Tour in 2021. The event was also held as an ITF Women's Circuit tournament from 2007 to 2011 and had a $25,000 prize money fund. A one-off $100,000+H women's tournament was also held in 2014. The men's tournament had an $82,000 prize money fund in 2024. Since 2025 it is known as the Kia Open.
Squirrel and Hedgehog
Squirrel and Hedgehog (Korean: 다람이와 고슴도치) is a North Korean animated series made by SEK Studio. Squirrel and Hedgehog is one of the most popular animated series in North Korea. The show was supposedly discontinued in 2012, which was around the time North Korean state television changed its broadcasting schedule, which cut several animated programs along with it.

The first episode of the show, produced in 1977, is based on a short novel published in a North Korean children's magazine in the 1970s. The short film was so popular with the public that the crew decided to turn the show into a series. In 2006, the producers said the show would be in production.

The series was re-aired on Korean Central Television since July 2023 for the show's 46th anniversary. It is currently being re-aired as of July 2025.

A sequel is currently in production, according to a report from the Rodong Sinmun, the official newspaper of the ruling party of North Korea.

Militarism
Militarism is the belief or the desire of a government or a people that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values. It may also imply the glorification of the military and of the ideals of a professional military class and the "predominance of the armed forces in the administration or policy of the state" (see also: stratocracy and military junta).
Paola Ferrari (journalist)
Paola Francesca Ferrari (born 6 October 1960) is an Italian journalist, television presenter, and politician. She has been active on RAI since the 1990s, hosting its main sports programmes such as La Domenica Sportiva and 90º minuto.

TG2
TG2 (TeleGiornale 2) is the brand for the news programmes of Rai 2, the Italian state-owned television channel.  The programmes are shown several times throughout the day — domestically on Rai 2, and across Europe, Africa, Americas, Asia and Australasia on Rai Italia. It was launched in 1961 as Telegiornale del Secondo Programma before adopting its current name on 15 March 1976.