hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Book of Elchasai
The Book of Elchasai or the Book of Elxai is a lost prophetic book, written during the reign of Trajan (reigned 98–117), that contained laws and apocalyptic prophecies pertaining to Jewish Christian and Gnostic doctrines. It is known only from fragments quoted in the early Christian writings of Hippolytus of Rome, Eusebius, Epiphanius of Salamis, and Origen. The book was used by a number of Transjordanian sects, including Ebionites, Essenes, Nazarenes, and especially by Elcesaites who based their origins on it.

Elcesaites
The Elcesaites, Elkasaites, Elkesaites or Elchasaites were an ancient Jewish Christian sect in Lower Mesopotamia, then the province of Asoristan in the Sasanian Empire that was active between the early second century and the fifth century CE. The members of this sect, which originated in the Transjordan, performed frequent baptisms for purification and had a Gnostic orientation.: 123

The movement blended elements of Second Temple Judaism, early Jewish Christianity, Gnosticism, and apocalyptic mysticism, and it is primarily known through the writings of early Church Fathers such as Hippolytus of Rome, Origen, and Epiphanius of Salamis.

The name of the sect derives from the alleged founder, Elkhasaí (Koine Greek: Ἠλχασαΐ in Hippolytus), Elksai (Ἠλξαί in Epiphanius), or Elkesai (Ελκεσαΐ in Eusebius, and Theodoret).
CD Lealtad
Club Deportivo Lealtad de Villaviciosa (English: Loyalty Sporting Club of Villaviciosa) is a Spanish football team based in Villaviciosa, in the autonomous community of Asturias. Founded in 1916, it plays in Segunda Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Les Caleyes ground with a capacity of 3,000.

Copa Federación de España (Asturias tournament)
The Asturias tournament is the previous round of the Copa RFEF in Asturias. Organized by the Royal Asturias Football Federation, the Asturian teams in Segunda División RFEF and the best teams of the Tercera División RFEF (Group 2) non qualified to the Copa del Rey (making a total of 12 teams) play this tournament, including farm teams. Real Sporting is the only team who never played the Copa Federación due to playing in higher divisions.
Medal "For the Defence of Kiev"
The Medal "For the Defence of Kiev" (Russian: Медаль «За оборону Киева») was a World War II campaign medal of the Soviet Union established on June 21, 1961 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to be awarded to the participants of the defence of the city of Kiev during the 1941 invasion of the USSR by Nazi Germany.

Hero City (Soviet Union)
Hero City is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (the Eastern Front is known in most countries of the former Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War). It was awarded to twelve cities of the Soviet Union, today located in Belarus (1 city), Russia (7 cities), and Ukraine (4 cities). Brest Fortress in Belarus was awarded the equivalent title of Hero Fortress. This symbolic distinction for a city corresponds to the individual distinction "Hero of the Soviet Union".

According to the statute, the hero city was issued the Order of Lenin, the Gold Star medal, and the certificate of the heroic deed (gramota or hramota) from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Also, the corresponding obelisk was installed in the city.
Elvio Banchero
Elvio Banchero (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛlvjo baŋˈkɛːro]; 28 April 1904 – 21 January 1982) was an Italian footballer who played as a striker. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics with the Italy national football team, winning a bronze medal.

1931–32 Central European International Cup
The 1931–32 Central European International Cup was the second edition of the Central European International Cup played between 1931 and 1932. It was played in a round robin tournament between five teams involved in the tournament.
Lighthouse Beach
Lighthouse Beach is a small section of the Fire Island National Seashore that is adjacent to Robert Moses State Park on New York's Long Island. It was notable for having sections that were officially designated as clothing optional prior to 2013.

The beach is named for the nearby Fire Island Lighthouse and was formerly the largest recognized clothing optional beach in New York. On 5 February 2013, the Fire Island National Seashore announced its plan to begin enforcing New York State anti-nudity laws on all Fire Island beaches, including Lighthouse Beach, ending clothing optional usage. However, the decision does not change the official status granted for the practice of female toplessness, which is still allowed.

The beach is approximately one mile (1.6 km) long and can be defined as the ocean facing beach between Robert Moses State Park and the community of Kismet. Technically, it is in the Town of Islip.

Fire Island Lighthouse
The Fire Island Lighthouse is a visible landmark on the Great South Bay, in southern Suffolk County, New York, on the western end of Fire Island, a barrier island off the southern coast of Long Island. The lighthouse is located within Fire Island National Seashore and just to the east of Robert Moses State Park. It is part of the Fire Island Light Station which contains the light, keepers quarters, the lens building containing the original first-order Fresnel lens, and a boat house.
Church of St Thomas à Becket, Wolvesnewton
The Church of Saint Thomas à Becket in Wolvesnewton, Monmouthshire, Wales has its origins in the 13th century. Restored in the 19th century, it remains an active parish church. St Thomas's is a Grade II* listed building. The medieval churchyard cross was restored as a First World War memorial in 1920 and has its own Grade II* listing.

John Newman (architectural historian)
John Arthur Newman FSA (14 December 1936 – 19 April 2023) was an English architectural historian. He was the author of several of the Pevsner Architectural Guides and was the advisory editor to the series.
Jalatunda
Jalatunda (Indonesian pronunciation: [d͡ʒalaˈt̪unda]) is a village in the town of Mandiraja, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This village has an area of 684.66 hectares and a population of 4,365 inhabitants in 2010.

Banjarnegara Regency
Banjarnegara (Indonesian: Kabupaten Banjarnegara, pronounced [kabuˌpat̪ɛn baɲd͡ʒarnəˈɡara]; Javanese: Kabupatèn Banjarnegara) is an inland regency (kabupaten) in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. The regency covers an area of 1,069.71 km2, and it had a population of 868,913 at the 2010 Census and 1,017,767 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,071,977 (comprising 545,513 males and 526,464 females). The majority speak the Banyumasan dialect of Javanese. Its capital is the town of Banjarnegara.
Keystone (Berkeley, California)
The Keystone, also known as Keystone Berkeley, was a small music club at 2119 University Avenue in Berkeley, California, which operated in the 1970s and 1980s. Numerous nationally known groups performed there, including Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Ray Charles, Talking Heads, The Ramones, Metallica and B.B King, Blondie, and Greg Kihn among many others and the club was a regular venue for the Jerry Garcia Band. Keystone Berkeley, run by Freddie Herrera and Bobby Corona, was linked to The Stone and Keystone Palo Alto.

Jerry Garcia Band
The Jerry Garcia Band was a San Francisco Bay Area rock band led by Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead. Garcia founded the band in 1975; it remained the most important of his various side projects until his death in 1995.  The band regularly toured and recorded sporadically throughout its twenty-year existence, generally, but not always, during breaks in the Grateful Dead's schedule.
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist is an academic medical center and health system located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and part of Charlotte-based Advocate Health. It is the largest employer in Forsyth County, with more than 19,220 employees and a total of 198 buildings on 428 acres. In addition to the main, tertiary-care hospital in Winston-Salem known as Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, the Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Health system operates five community hospitals in the surrounding region. The entity includes:

Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, its clinical enterprise

Wake Forest School of Medicine, its research and education arm

Innovation Quarter, an operating division involved with partnerships, education, licensing and start-ups.

Mocksville, North Carolina
Mocksville is a town in Davie County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 5,927 at the 2020 census. I-40 leads west to Statesville and Hickory, and east to Winston-Salem and Greensboro. Route 64 heads east to Lexington, and west towards Statesville and Taylorsville. It is the county seat of Davie County.
55 Victoria Street, Potts Point
55 Victoria Street is a heritage-listed residence and former boarding house and Catholic Women's Association hostel located in the inner city Sydney suburb of Potts Point, New South Wales, Australia. It was built in 1875. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Ralph Darling
General Sir Ralph Darling (1772 – 2 April 1858) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator who served as Governor of New South Wales from 1825 to 1831. His period of governorship was unpopular, with Darling being broadly regarded as a tyrant. He introduced austere policies that resulted in croneyism, prisoner abuse, curtailment of press freedoms, discrimination against emancipists, obstruction of representative government, theatrical entertainment bans and injustices toward Indigenous Australians. During his time as Governor, a significant area of eastern Australia was explored by the British with local geographical features being named after him including the Darling River and the Darling Downs, along with Darling Harbour in Sydney.
Paul Owen
Paul Andrew Owen (9 June 1969 – 9 June 2020) was a Canadian cricketer. Owen was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox.

Owen, who had been educated at Bedford Modern School, began his county cricket career in England with Bedfordshire, making his debut for the county in the 1989 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. In 1990 he joined Gloucestershire, making three first-class appearances in that season against Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, and Surrey. A bowler, Owen took 4 wickets at an average of 59.75, with best figures of 2/37. 1990 was his only season with Gloucestershire, the following year he returned to playing Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire. He played for the county until 1996, making a total of 29 Minor Counties Championship appearances.

Bedford Modern School
Bedford Modern School (often called BMS) is a Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference independent school in Bedford, England. The school has its origins in The Harpur Trust, born from the endowments left by Sir William Harpur in the 16th century. BMS comprises a junior school (ages 6–11) and a senior school (ages 11–18).

The school has had four names. In 1873 the school became Bedford Modern School to reflect its modern curriculum, providing an education for the professions. BMS provided education not only for the locality but also for colonial and military personnel abroad, seeking good education for their young families.
Zone 85, Qatar
Zone 85 is a zone in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya in the state of Qatar. The main district recorded in the 2015 population census was Al Nasraniya.

Other districts which fall within its administrative boundaries are Al Kharsaah, Al Owaina, Al Salamiya, and Umm Taqa.

Al-Shahaniya
Al Shahaniya (Arabic: الشحانية, romanized: Ash Shīḩānīyah) is a municipality (3299 km2) in Qatar, with its municipal seat being a city of the same name (39 km2). Formerly in the municipality of Al Rayyan, but now an independent municipality, the municipal seat was delimited in 1988 by Law No. 22. In 2014, the cabinet ratified a draft amending provisions to the 1988 law that formalized Al Shahaniya as Qatar's eighth municipality.
Favus
Favus (Latin for "honeycomb") or tinea favosa is the severe form of tinea capitis, a skin infectious disease caused by the dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton schoenleinii. Typically the species affects the scalp, but occasionally occurs as onychomycosis, tinea barbae, or tinea corporis.

The word favid is more used than French word favus, which is close to the Latin etymology.

Tinea barbae
Tinea barbae is a fungal infection of the hair. Tinea barbae is due to a dermatophytic infection around the bearded area of men. Generally, the infection occurs as a follicular inflammation, or as a cutaneous granulomatous lesion, i.e. a chronic inflammatory reaction. It is one of the causes of folliculitis. It is most common among agricultural workers, as the transmission is more common from animal-to-human than human-to-human. The most common causes are Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum.
Proconsulidae
Proconsulidae is an early family of primates that lived during the Miocene epoch in Kenya, and was restricted to Africa. Members of the family have a mixture of Old World monkey and ape characteristics, so the placement in the ape superfamily Hominoidea is tentative; some scientists place Proconsulidae outside of Hominoidea in a separate superfamily Proconsuloidea, before the split of the apes and Old World monkeys.

Wilfrid Le Gros Clark
Sir Wilfrid Edward Le Gros Clark (5 June 1895 – 28 June 1971) was a British anatomist, surgeon, primatologist and palaeoanthropologist, today best remembered for his contribution to the study of human evolution. He was one of three men who proved that the Piltdown Man was a forgery, and was Dr Lee's Professor of Anatomy at the University of Oxford.
Norbert Hofer
Norbert Gerwald Hofer (Austrian German: [ˈnɔrbɛrt ˈhoːfɐ]; born 2 March 1971) is an Austrian politician who was the leader of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) from June 2019 to June 2021. He previously served as minister of transport, innovation, and technology from 2017 to 2019 under Chancellor Sebastian Kurz.

Hofer served as third president of the National Council from 2013 to 2017. He was his party's candidate in the 2016 presidential election. Hofer won the first round, receiving 35.1%, but was defeated by The Greens' candidate Alexander Van der Bellen, 53.8% against 46.2%, in the final runoff (an earlier runoff was invalidated).

He later served as Minister for Transport in the first Kurz government from 2017 to 2019. He became Leader of the Freedom Party in September 2019, after holding the office in an acting capacity from May to September 2019.

He stepped down as party leader in 2021 after losing a power struggle with Herbert Kickl.

President of the National Council (Austria)
The president of the National Council is the presiding officer of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament.

Since October 2024, Walter Rosenkranz (FPÖ) has served as President of the National Council,  Peter Haubner (ÖVP) as Second President, and Doris Bures (SPÖ) as Third President. The three presidents together form the Presidium of the National Council.

In the Austrian order of precedence, the president of the National Council places after the president of Austria and before the chancellor.
NGC 1334
NGC 1334 is a spiral galaxy located about 185 million light-years away in the constellation Perseus. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on February 14, 1863. NGC 1334 is a member of the Perseus Cluster and is a starburst galaxy. It also appears to have a complex distorted structure.

Starburst galaxy
A starburst galaxy is one undergoing an exceptionally high rate of star formation, as compared to the long-term average rate of star formation in the galaxy, or the star formation rate observed in most other galaxies.

For example, the star formation rate of the Milky Way galaxy is approximately 3 M☉/yr, while starburst galaxies can experience star formation rates of 100 M☉/yr or more. While many main-sequence galaxies use up their molecular gas reservoir in 1-2 Gyr, the high rate of star formation in starbursts can deplete all of their star-forming material in scales of 0.1 Gyr - much shorter than the age of the galaxy. As such, the starburst nature of a galaxy is a phase, and one that typically occupies a brief period of a galaxy's evolution. The majority of starburst galaxies are in the midst of a merger or close encounter with another galaxy. Starburst galaxies include M82, NGC 4038/NGC 4039 (the Antennae Galaxies), and IC 10.
Constance Backhouse
Constance Barbara Backhouse, CM OOnt FRSC (born February 19, 1952) is a Canadian legal scholar and historian, specializing in gender and race discrimination. She is a Distinguished University Professor and University Research Chair at the Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Canada. In addition to her academic publications, Backhouse is the author of several books on feminist- and race-related legal rights topics. Backhouse is President of the American Society for Legal History, and is the first non-US scholar to hold this position.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Neurosarcoidosis
Neurosarcoidosis (sometimes shortened to neurosarcoid) refers to a type of sarcoidosis, a condition of unknown cause featuring granulomas in various tissues, in this type involving the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neurosarcoidosis can have many manifestations, but abnormalities of the cranial nerves (a group of twelve nerves supplying the head and neck area) are the most common. It may develop acutely, subacutely, and chronically. Approximately 5–10 percent of people with sarcoidosis of other organs (e.g. lung) develop central nervous system involvement. Only 1 percent of people with sarcoidosis will have neurosarcoidosis alone without involvement of any other organs. Diagnosis can be difficult, with no test apart from biopsy achieving a high accuracy rate. Treatment is with immunosuppression. The first case of sarcoidosis involving the nervous system was reported in 1905.

Erythema nodosum
Erythema nodosum (EN) is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in painful red/blue lumps or nodules that are usually seen symmetrically on both shins, on the thighs, arms, and elsewhere. It can be caused by a variety of conditions but 20 to 50% of cases are idiopathic. It typically resolves spontaneously within 30 days. It is common in young people aged 12–20 years.
Herbert Edlmann
Herbert Gottlieb Edlmann (July 1840 – 2 March 1912) was an English first-class cricketer and businessman.

The son of the Austrian businessman Joseph Frederick Edlmann and his wife, Mary Ann Agassiz of the Agassiz family, he Edlmann was born at Peckham in July 1840. He later studied at Exeter College, Oxford and after graduating he moved into business, becoming a director at the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. In cricket, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Gentlemen of England against the Gentlemen of Marylebone Cricket Club at Canterbury in 1864. Batting twice in the match, he ended the Gentlemen of Kent first-innings not out on 13, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 4 runs by Henry Arkwright.

Edlmann died at Wiltshire Farm near Wokingham in March 1912. His brother-in-law, Maurice Hall, also played first-class cricket.

Agassiz family
The Agassiz family is a family of Swiss origin, from the small village of Agiez near Lake Neuchatel. The family has included a number of high-profile members, such as the scientists Louis and Alexander Agassiz, as well as the founder of the Longines watch firm, Auguste Agassiz.
SS City of Paris (1865)
City of Paris was a British passenger liner operated by the Inman Line that established that a ship driven by a screw could match the speed of the paddlers on the Atlantic crossing. Built by Tod and Macgregor, she served the Inman Line until 1884 when she was converted to a cargo ship.

Cobh
Cobh (/ˈkoʊv/ KOHV, Irish: An Cóbh), known from 1849 until 1920 as Queenstown, is a seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. With a population of 14,148 inhabitants at the 2022 census, Cobh is on the south side of Great Island in Cork Harbour and home to Ireland's only dedicated cruise terminal. Tourism in the area draws on the maritime and emigration legacy of the town.

Facing the town are Spike and Haulbowline islands. On a high point in the town stands St Colman's, the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cloyne. It is one of the tallest buildings in Ireland, standing at 91.4 metres (300 ft).
Christian M. Dahl
Christian M. Dahl (August 21, 1856 – August 4, 1923) was a North Dakota Republican Party politician who served as the 2nd Secretary of State of North Dakota from 1893 to 1896.

Christian M. Dahl was an immigrant from Norway. He first won election to the Secretary of State position in 1892, and served until 1896 when he did not seek re-election. He was married to Helen Hanchett, the daughter of George Edwin Hanchett  and Elizabeth (Oakley) Hanchett.
He died  at the age of 67 and was buried at  Fairview Cemetery in Bismarck, North Dakota.

North Dakota Secretary of State
The North Dakota secretary of state is an elected office in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The incumbent as of 2023 was Michael Howe. Duties of the secretary of state include being the custodian of the state's Great Seal and other official state documents, recording the official acts of the governor, distributing copies of legislative resolutions, and recording original bills and resolutions from each biennial Legislative Assembly. Other duties of the office include those pertaining to statewide elections, licensing within the state, and recording trademarks. The secretary of state is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of Governor of North Dakota.
Intentional contagion of infection
Intentional contagion of infection, also called voluntary contagion, conscious contagion, or intentional transmission is the act by which a human being deliberately infects another with a pathogen knowing that they will be infected. In some legislations of some countries this act has been criminalized, managing to prosecute it and consider it as aggravating for fraud or recklessness.

One of the most frequent cases of intentional contagion is that of viruses and bacteria that are considered sexually transmitted infections, being commonly the most common methods through the malicious use of syringes and the unsafe sexual act, such as the criminal transmission of HIV.

Recklessness (law)
In criminal law and in the law of tort, recklessness may be defined as the state of mind where a person deliberately and unjustifiably pursues a course of action while consciously disregarding any risks flowing from such action. Recklessness is less culpable than malice, but is more blameworthy than carelessness.