hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holm Arno Leonhardt
Holm Arno Leonhardt (sometimes abbreviated to Holm A. Leonhardt; born 12 October 1952) is a German scientist in the fields of International Relations and economic history, especially in the realm of cartel history and theory. He was born in Manila (Philippines) the son of Brigitte and Arno Leonhardt. Arno became a German expatriate since 1930, moving up the career ladder from accountant to vice director in the branch office of an American paper machine company in Manila. Brigitte came from a liberal merchant family in Saxony (Germany) holding critical distance to the Nazi regime.

Volker Berghahn
Volker Rolf Berghahn (born 15 February 1938) is a historian of German and modern European history at Columbia University. His research interests have included the fin de siècle period in Europe, the origins of World War I, and German-American relations. He received a M.A. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1961 and a PhD, under supervision of Francis L. Carsten, from the University of London in 1964. Prior to teaching in the United States, Berghahn worked in the United Kingdom and Germany. In 1988, he accepted a position at Brown University, and moved to Columbia ten years later.

Berghahn now holds the chair of Seth Low Professor of History at Columbia, and is also a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society.
Ackerman, West Virginia
Ackerman was an unincorporated community in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States. Ackerman was located along a former branch line of the Western Maryland Railway in the North Branch Potomac River valley to the west of Knobly Mountain and to the east of Cresaptown, Maryland.

Cresaptown, Maryland
Cresaptown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located in Allegany County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 6,247. Prior to 2010 it was part of the Cresaptown-Bel Air CDP. Cresaptown's post office was established December 22, 1800. Cresaptown is located 6 miles (10 km) southwest of Cumberland.
Al-Jazira Province
Al-Jazira Province (Arabic: الجزيرة, ܦܢܝܬܐ ܕܓܙܪܬܐ (Classical Syriac), Kurdish: Cazire, French: Djézireh) was an administrative division in the State of Aleppo (1920–25), the State of Syria (1925–1930) and the first decades of the Mandatory Syrian Republic, during the French Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon. It encompassed more or less the present-day Al-Hasakah Governorate and part of the former Ottoman Zor Sanjak, created in 1857.

State of Syria
The State of Syria (French: État de Syrie, Arabic: دولة سوريا Dawlat Sūriyā) was a French Mandate state created by decree of 5 December 1924, with effect from 1 January 1925, from the union of the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus. It was the successor of the Syrian Federation (1922–1924) which had been created by providing a central assembly for the State of Aleppo, the State of Damascus and the Alawite State. The Alawite State did not join the State of Syria.
Wandandian
The Wandandian, Wandiwandian, Wandi Wandi people, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the South Coast of New South Wales with connections to the Yuin and Tharawal nations. Their language is called Dharumba (sometimes considered a dialect of both Dhurga and Dharawal).

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Beck (bus maker)
C. D. Beck & Company, of Sidney, Ohio, was an American intercity motorcoach and transit bus manufacturing company that was founded in 1931.

In 1953, Beck acquired Ahrens-Fox Fire Engine Company, maker of fire apparatus and transferred its production from Cincinnati to Sidney. In 1956, Mack Trucks bought Beck and expanded its facility the following year. However, in 1960 the factory was closed and sold to Westinghouse Air Brake.

Total Beck bus and coach production was around 3150 units.

Sidney, Ohio
Sidney is a city in Shelby County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 20,589 at the 2020 census. It is approximately 36 miles (58 km) north of Dayton and 100 miles (160 km) south of Toledo, and is a part of the Dayton metropolitan area. The city is named after English poet Philip Sidney, and many of Sidney's elementary schools are named after famous writers, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and John Greenleaf Whittier. Sidney was the recipient of the 1964 All-America City Award. In 2009, it was the subject of the documentary film 45365.
Räyskälä Airfield
Räyskälä Airfield is an airfield in Räyskälä, Loppi, Finland, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) west of Loppi centre and 37 kilometres (23 mi) east of Forssa town centre. It is the largest sports aviation centre in the Nordic countries, and one of the busiest general aviation airfields in Finland. It is also home to the Finnish Sports Aviation Academy.

Räyskälä Airfield hosted the World Gliding Championships in 1976 and 2014, the Junior World Gliding Championships in 2009, and the European Gliding Championships in 1996 and 2005.

Loppi (village)
Lopen kirkonkylä (lit. 'Loppi church village') is the administrative center of the Loppi municipality in Kanta-Häme, Finland, and also its largest urban area with a population of more than 2,000. It is located on the northern shore of Loppijärvi, along the main road 54 between Forssa and Riihimäki. The distance to Riihimäki is 19 kilometres (12 mi). To the east is the regional road 132, which starts from the main road and runs south in the direction of Helsinki, along which the Läyliäinen village is located about 12 kilometers from the Kirkonkylä.

There are two churches in the area: the old wooden church of Saint Birgitta (Santa Pirjo), located one kilometer away from the Kirkonkylä on the shores of Loppijärvi, and the newer red brick church of Loppi, located near the center of Kirkonkylä. Other main services include a municipal health center, two grocery stores (K-market and S-market), a library founded in 1852, and a primary school founded in 1921, as well as a high school.
Division of Franklin
The Division of Franklin is an Australian electoral division in Tasmania.

The division is the southernmost in Australia, located in southern Tasmania around the state capital, Hobart. It is non-contiguous, with the two parts of the division separated by the Division of Clark, based around central Hobart. As at the 2016 election, slightly more than half its electors are located on the eastern shore of the River Derwent, incorporating the entire City of Clarence, and the suburb of Old Beach from Brighton Council. The remaining electors in the division are drawn from the southern parts of the Kingborough Council such as Kingston, Tasmania and Blackmans Bay, generally south of the Huon Highway and including Bruny Island, and the entire Huon Valley Council.  The division also includes the southern parts of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area and Macquarie Island, neither of which have permanent populations.

Huon Valley Council
Huon Valley Council is a local government body in Tasmania, covering most of the south of the state. Huon Valley is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 19,454. Towns and localities of the region include Cygnet, Dover, Franklin, Geeveston, Southport and the largest principal town, Huonville.
Geelong SC
Geelong Soccer Club (Formerly Geelong Makedonia, West Geelong, East Geelong) is an Australian soccer club based in Geelong, Australia founded in 1958 by Geelong's Macedonian Australian community.

In 2019, Geelong SC obtained National Premier Leagues Victoria status after being crowned 2018 champions of Football Victoria State League 1 North-West. Geelong SC is based at Winslow Park which is located in the Stead Park Sports Precinct in Corio, Victoria and is strongly supported by the Macedonian community of Geelong.

Victorian State League
The Victorian State League (VSL), known as the VETO Sports State League for sponsorship reasons, is an Australian soccer league based in Victoria. It is administered by Football Victoria, covering the fourth-to-eighth-highest tiers in the Victorian soccer league system (and the fifth-to-ninth-highest nationally).

As of 2026, it consists of seven divisions (separated by two zones, North/West and South/East). Each division would have 24 teams, with 12 in each division. Mazenod FC would withdraw from the VETO State League 1 South/East on the 23rd of January 2026 leaving the State League 1 with only 23 teams. Clubs promoted from VSL 1 enter the Victorian Premier League (VPL). There is no relegation from the State League 7.
Masumi Itō
Masumi Itō (伊藤 真澄, Itō Masumi; born May 21) (she also goes by the pseudonym Hikaru Nanase (七瀬 光, Nanase Hikaru)) is a Japanese singer and composer from Ibaraki prefecture in Japan. Itō has composed the soundtracks to many anime television shows and is part of the bands Oranges & Lemons and Heart of Air.

Beyond the Boundary
Beyond the Boundary (Japanese: 境界の彼方, Hepburn: Kyōkai no Kanata) is a Japanese light novel series written by Nagomu Torii, with illustrations by Tomoyo Kamoi. The work won an honorable mention in the Kyoto Animation Award competition in 2011. Kyoto Animation has published three volumes since June 2012. Set in Kashihara, Nara, this story follows a young boy named Akihito Kanbara who is an immortal being and half a spirit. After Akihito saves a girl named Mirai Kuriyama from committing suicide, he learns that she is a spirit world warrior and their lives become intertwined.

An anime television series adaptation, produced by Kyoto Animation, aired in Japan between October and December 2013. An original video animation episode was released in July 2014. A two-part anime film premiered in March and April 2015.
Bianjing Drum Tower
The Bianjing Drum Tower, also known as the Bianjing Pavilion and by its Chinese name as the Bianjing Lou, is a drum tower in Shangguan, the seat of Dai County, Xinzhou Prefecture, Shanxi, in the People's Republic of China. It dates to 1476 and is 39.3 meters (129 ft) high.

Xinzhou
Xinzhou, ancient name Xiurong (秀荣), is a prefecture-level city occupying the north-central section of Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China, bordering Hebei to the east, Shaanxi to the west, and Inner Mongolia to the northwest. As of 2022, the city has a permanent population of 2,655,563.
Oubao Moin
"Oubao Moin" is a song by Puerto Rican singer/songwriter Roy Brown. The song is based on a poem from Juan Antonio Corretjer. The name means "Island of Blood," or "Island of a mud" which is what the [Taíno-Kalinago] called Puerto Rico, though the song is entirely in Spanish. The song has been covered by numerous Puerto Rican artists and groups, such as Andrés Jiménez, Haciendo Punto en Otro Son, Lucecita Benítez, and Tito Auger.

Haciendo Punto en Otro Son
Haciendo Punto en Otro Son is a Nueva Trova band from Puerto Rico, founded in 1975. They recorded fourteen albums and performed in Latin America, the Caribbean and United States.

Band members included Tony Croatto, Silverio Pérez, Josy LaTorre, Irvin García, Nano Cabrera, Ivan Gonzalez, Jorge Arce, José Vega Santana, Moncho Diaz, Jose ‘Pache’ Cruz and many others. Haciendo Punto’s repertoire has been sung by generations and it has become part of the Puerto Rican folklore.

Haciendo Punto’s contribution was the dissemination of other performers' music from the Caribbean and Latin America as well as their own Puerto Rican culture.
WWSJ
WWSJ ("Joy 1580 & 100.3") is an AM radio station broadcasting from St. Johns, Michigan on 1580 kHz, featuring a black gospel format. The station transmits with 1,000 watts during the day using a directional antenna that sends the signal primarily to the north and south (including Lansing, Michigan). At night, it operates with a 3 watts.

In the summer of 2010, WWSJ began to simulcast on translator W262BD 100.3 FM licensed to Dimondale, Michigan, enabling it to get clearer FM coverage of the Lansing area day and night. W262BD operates with 22 watts from a transmitter in the heart of Lansing; despite being licensed to Dimondale, its primary signal contour does not actually reach Dimondale. W262BD is owned by Educational Media Foundation and had previously operated using EMF's Air 1 format; although EMF continues to own the translator, it is being programmed by the owners of WWSJ.

St. Johns, Michigan
St. Johns or Saint Johns is the largest city in and the county seat of Clinton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 7,698 at the 2020 census.

St. Johns is located in the north of Clinton County, surrounded by Bingham Township (although the two are administered independently). St. Johns is about 18 miles (29 km) north of Lansing, Michigan's capital city, and is part of the Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area. St. Johns has been nicknamed the "Mint Capital of the World".
Milton Keynes South West
52°00′32″N 0°43′16″W﻿ / ﻿52.009°N 0.721°W﻿ / 52.009; -0.721

Milton Keynes South West was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1992 to 2010. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the boundary commissions are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions: one each for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The speaker of the House of Commons chairs each of the boundary commissions ex officio but does not play any part in the review, and a High Court judge is appointed to each boundary commission as deputy chair.
Gaius Laecanius Bassus Caecina Paetus
Gaius Laecanius Bassus Caecina Paetus was a Roman senator of the early Roman Empire, whose known career flourished under the reign of Vespasian. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of November to December AD 70 as the colleague of Lucius Annius Bassus.

His full, polyonymous name is known from a votive inscription from Minturnae set up by a slave named "Theseus". The nomenclature of his name has led scholars to agree that Caecina Paetus was the son of Aulus Caecina Paetus, consul of 37, and that he was adopted by Gaius Laecanius Bassus, consul of 64, between his consulate and his governorship.

Caecina Paetus is attested as consular governor of Roman Asia in 80/81. He also served on the board that managed the water supply of Rome around this time.

He is thought to be the father of Gaius Laecanius Bassus Caecina Flaccus, known from an inscription found at Brundisium. Flaccus died young, aged eighteen.

Nundinium
Nundinium was a Latin word derived from the word nundinum, which referred to the cycle of days observed by the Romans. During the Roman Empire, nundinium came to mean the duration of a single consulship among several in a calendar year.
Bowtell
Bowtell is derived from the medieval term bottle; in architecture it refers to a round or corniced molding below the abacus in a Tuscan or Roman Doric capital; the word is a variant of boltel, which is probably the diminutive of bolt, the shaft of an arrow or javelin. A roving bowtell is one which passes up the side of a bench end and round a finial, the term roving being applied to that which follows the line of a curve.

Molding (decorative)
Molding (spelled moulding and alternatively called coving in British and Australian English), is a strip of material with various profiles used to cover transitions between surfaces or for decoration. It is traditionally made from solid milled wood or plaster, but may be of plastic or reformed wood.  In classical architecture and sculpture, the molding is often carved in marble or other stones.  In historic architecture, and some expensive modern buildings, it may be formed in place with plaster.

A "plain" molding has right-angled upper and lower edges. A "sprung" molding has upper and lower edges that bevel towards its rear,  allowing mounting between two non-parallel planes (such as a wall and a ceiling), with an open space behind. Moldings may be decorated with paterae as long, uninterrupted elements may be boring for eyes.
Monumension
Monumension is the sixth studio album by Norwegian extreme metal band Enslaved. It was released on 19 November 2001, through Osmose Productions. It is Enslaved's first album to feature lyrics sung entirely in English, although some versions of the album include the Old Norse track "Sigmundskvadet" as a bonus.

Monumension was the last Enslaved album to feature guitarist R. Kronheim; Arve Isdal would replace him on Below the Lights.

Below the Lights
Below the Lights is the seventh studio album by Norwegian extreme metal band Enslaved. It was released on 5 May 2003. Beyond it being their last full-length for production company Osmose (they would move to Candlelight for their next studio album), a few lineup changes would take place. This would be the last album Enslaved recorded with Dirge Rep on drums (he also co-wrote two songs), and the first album featuring Arve Isdal as lead guitarist. They would also enlist a full-time keyboardist in Herbrand Larsen (who helped engineer the record), bringing the band personnel from four to five.
Environmental economics
Environmental economics is a sub-field of economics concerned with environmental issues. It has become a widely studied subject due to growing environmental concerns in the twenty-first century. Environmental economics "undertakes theoretical or empirical studies of the economic effects of national or local environmental policies around the world. Particular issues include the costs and benefits of alternative environmental policies to deal with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste, and global warming."

Rivalry (economics)
In economics, a good is said to be rivalrous or a rival if its consumption by one consumer prevents simultaneous consumption by other consumers, or if consumption by one party reduces the ability of another party to consume it. A good is considered non-rivalrous or non-rival if, for any level of production, the cost of providing it to a marginal (additional) individual is zero. A good is anti-rivalrous and inclusive if each person benefits more when other people consume it.

A good can be placed along a continuum from rivalrous through non-rivalrous to anti-rivalrous. The distinction between rivalrous and non-rivalrous is sometimes referred to as jointness of supply or subtractable or non-subtractable. Economist Paul Samuelson made the distinction between private and public goods in 1954 by introducing the concept of nonrival consumption. Economist Richard Musgrave followed on and added rivalry and excludability as criteria for defining consumption goods in 1959 and 1969.
Rimphaces
The Rimphaces were a tribe of Iranian Nomads who likely spoke a Sarmatian language of the Scythian family.  They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as living north of the Amazons and Hyperboreans, with the Cimmeri,  Acae, Georgili, Moschi, Cercetae, Cissianti, and Phoristae.

Cimmerians
The Cimmerians were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, part of whom subsequently migrated into West Asia. Although the Cimmerians were culturally Scythian, they were ethnically distinct from the Scythians proper, to whom the Cimmerians were related and who displaced and replaced the Cimmerians.

The Cimmerians themselves left no written records, and most information about them is largely derived from Neo-Assyrian records of the 8th to 7th centuries BC and from Graeco-Roman authors from the 5th century BC and later.
The Idle Mermaid
The Idle Mermaid (Korean: 잉여공주; RR: Ingyeogongju; lit. 'Surplus Princess') is a 2014 South Korean romantic comedy television series starring Jo Bo-ah, On Joo-wan, Song Jae-rim, and Park Ji-soo. A modern retelling of the 1837 fairy tale "The Little Mermaid" by Hans Christian Andersen, it aired on tvN from August 7 to October 9, 2014 on Thursdays at 23:00. Originally slated to run for 14 episodes, the total number of episodes was reduced to 10. The series inspired an unofficial Indonesian adaptation called Mermaid in Love.

The Little Mermaid
"The Little Mermaid" (Danish: Den lille havfrue), sometimes translated in English as "The Little Sea Maid", is a literary fairy tale written by Danish author Hans Christian Andersen. Originally published in 1837 as part of a collection of fairy tales for children, the story follows the journey of a young mermaid princess who is willing to give up her life in the sea as a mermaid to gain a human soul.

The original story has been the subject of multiple analyses by scholars such as Jacob Bøggild and Pernille Heegaard, as well as the folklorist Maria Tatar. These analyses cover various aspects of the story, from interpreting the themes to discussing why Andersen chose to write a tragic story with a happy ending. It has been adapted to various media, including musical theatre, anime, ballet, opera, and film. There is also a statue portraying the mermaid in Copenhagen, Denmark, where the story was written and first published.
James Keane (musician)
James Keane (Irish: Séamus Ó Catháin; born 7 February 1948) is an Irish traditional musician and accordion player. The Italian Castagnari company issued and continues a line of signature instruments called keanebox in his honor.

Cèilidh
A cèilidh (/ˈkeɪli/ KAY-lee, Scottish Gaelic: [ˈkʲʰeːlɪ]) or céilí (Irish: [ˈceːlʲiː]) is a traditional Scottish and Irish social gathering. In its most basic form, it simply means a social visit. In contemporary usage, it usually involves dancing and playing Gaelic folk music, either at a home or a larger concert at a social hall or other community gathering place.

Cèilidhean (plural of cèilidh) and céilithe (plural of céilí) originated in the Gaelic areas of Scotland and Ireland and are consequently common in the Scottish and Irish diasporas. They are similar to the troyl traditions in Cornwall and twmpath and noson lawen events in Wales, merry neets in Cumbria and North East England, as well as English country dance throughout England which have in some areas undergone a fusion with céilithe.
WHOIS
WHOIS (pronounced as the phrase "who is") is a query and response protocol that is used for querying databases that store an Internet resource's registered users or assignees. These resources include domain names, IP address blocks and autonomous systems, but it is also used for a wider range of other information. The protocol stores and delivers database content in a human-readable format. The current iteration of the WHOIS protocol was drafted by the Internet Society, and is documented in RFC 3912.

Whois is also the name of the command-line utility on most UNIX systems used to make WHOIS protocol queries. In addition, WHOIS has a sister protocol called Referral Whois (RWhois).

Internet Society
The Internet Society (ISOC) is an American non-profit advocacy organization whose purpose is to promote an open and safe internet. Founded in 1992, it has offices in Reston, Virginia, United States, and Geneva, Switzerland, with local chapters around the world.