hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2021 Melbourne Storm season
The 2021 Melbourne Storm season was the 24th in the club's history competing in the 2021 NRL season. The team is coached by Craig Bellamy, coaching the club for his 19th consecutive season. On 19 February 2021, the Melbourne Storm announced that Jesse Bromwich and Dale Finucane succeeded Cameron Smith, as co-captains of the club.

The season was again affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, with the club forced to relocate to Queensland for much of the season.

Melbourne claimed the J. J. Giltinan Shield for the fifth time as minor premiers, setting a number of club records (21  wins; 815 points). Melbourne tied the league record for most consecutive wins with 19 victories between rounds 4-23.

In a rematch of the 2020 NRL Grand Final, second placed Penrith Panthers knocked Melbourne out of the 2021 NRL finals in the preliminary final, ending hopes of back-to-back premierships.

J. J. Giltinan Shield
The J.J. Giltinan Shield is an Australian rugby league trophy, awarded annually to the National Rugby League minor premiers. It was named after James J. Giltinan who was central to the founding of rugby league in Australia. Giltinan died in 1950 and the Shield was created for the following season in his honour, first introduced for the 1951 New South Wales Rugby Football League season. From 1951, the Shield was awarded to the winner of the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) Grand Final, replacing the Labor Daily Cup.  In addition to the Shield, premiership winning teams received the W. D. & H. O. Wills Cup from 1960 to 1981, the Winfield Cup from 1982 to 1995, and the Optus Cup in 1996. Since 1997 the J.J. Giltinan Shield has been awarded to the competition's minor premiers.
John Templeton (botanist)
John Templeton (1766–1825) was a pioneering Irish naturalist, sometimes referred to as the "Father of Irish Botany". He was a leading figure in Belfast's late eighteenth-century enlightenment, initially supported the United Irishmen, and figured prominently in the town's scientific and literary societies.

Adoxa moschatellina
Adoxa moschatellina, moschatel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae which has a highly distinctive inflorescence. This herbaceous perennial grows in relatively sunny places in old woodland, such as the edges of streams, and in shady places in open habitats such as rock crevices in limestone pavements. It has a limited ability to spread by seed, but expands vegetatively via its long stolons. It is a widespread but generally uncommon plant which is not considered to be threatened within its natural range.
United States Practical Shooting Association
The United States Practical Shooting Association (USPSA) is the national governing body of practical shooting in the United States under the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC). Its over 42,000 active members  and over 500 affiliated clubs make USPSA the largest practical shooting organization in the United States and the second largest region within IPSC after the Russian Federation of Practical Shooting. USPSA publishes a monthly member magazine called Front Sight.

Muzzle brake
A muzzle brake or recoil compensator is a device connected to, or a feature integral (ported barrel) to the construction of, the muzzle or barrel of a firearm or cannon that is intended to redirect a portion of propellant gases to counter recoil and unwanted muzzle rise. Barrels with an integral muzzle brake are often said to be ported.

The concept of a muzzle brake was first introduced for artillery. It was a common feature on many anti-tank guns, especially those mounted on tanks, in order to reduce the area needed to take up the strokes of recoil and kickback. They have been used in various forms for rifles and pistols to help control recoil and the rising of the barrel that normally occurs after firing. They are used on pistols for practical pistol competitions, and are usually called compensators in this context.
2023–24 Premier League International Cup
The 2023–24 Premier League International Cup is the eighth season of the Premier League International Cup, a European club football competition organised by the Premier League for under-21 teams.

Crystal Palace won the tournament for the first time, defeating in the final defending champions PSV Eindhoven, who had beaten them in the previous tournament's final.

2022–23 Premier League International Cup
The 2022–23 Premier League International Cup is the seventh season of the Premier League International Cup, a European club football competition organised by the Premier League for under-21 teams.

Bayern Munich were the defending champions, after beating Dinamo Zagreb 2–0 in the 2018–19 tournament's final, with the tournaments in 2019–20, 2020–21 and 2021–22 all being cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Bayern Munich did not take part in this edition, guaranteeing a new champion.
Lotte Holdings
Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd. (株式会社ロッテホールディングス, kabushiki gaisha Rottehōrudingusu) is a Japanese multinational holding company which focused on confectionery and ice cream processing, hotels, and sport management. The company was founded in June 1948 by Korean businessman Shin Kyuk-ho.

It is the third largest confectionery manufacturer in Japan behind Meiji Seika and Ezaki Glico in terms of sales revenue.

Shin Kyuk-ho
Shin Kyuk-ho (Korean: 신격호; 3 November 1921 – 19 January 2020), known in Japan as Takeo Shigemitsu (重光 武雄, Shigemitsu Takeo), was a Zainichi Korean businessman known for being the founder of the South Korean-Japanese conglomerate Lotte Corporation (Group), now one of the largest chaebols in South Korea.

During the bubble economy of Japan from the 1980s to the 1990s, he became the fourth wealthiest person in the world according to American business magazine Forbes in 1988, setting the record for the greatest wealth ever achieved by a Korean. Driven by a lifelong desire to contribute to his homeland, South Korea (Republic of Korea), his dream of the Lotte World Tower, the sixth tallest building in the world and the highest in the Korean peninsula, was realized in 2016, and he died in 2020.
Digital television in Malaysia
In Malaysia, digital television (DTV) broadcasts—whether high-definition (HD) or standard—can be received via cable, internet, satellite, or free over-the-air (OTA) digital terrestrial television, replacing analogue broadcasts. The transition began in the mid-1990s with the introduction of the Astro satellite television service, followed by new pay television services in the 2000s and the digitisation of over-the-air TV, which was originally expected to be complete by the mid-2010s before being delayed.

This article covers the various platforms used for DTV in Malaysia, including Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)—using DVB-S/DVB-S2 for satellite and DVB-T2 for over-the-air—and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV). Following the successful nationwide digital transition on 31 October 2019, Malaysia became the third country in Southeast Asia to implement digital broadcasts, after neighbouring Brunei and Singapore.

U Television
Ansat Broadcast Sdn. Bhd. (formerly known as U Television, with MiTV being an abbreviation of its former name, Malaysian Interactive Television) is Malaysia's third pay television operator. It was launched on 5 September 2005, after having obtained all the necessary approvals from the censorship board on its broadcast contents. The company initially offered 41 channels from content providers worldwide, with many of them new to the Malaysian market.
1950s in sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1950s. This was a critical decade for the publication of a number of important works in sociology, both academic and popular literature. Women first started to have success within the study of sociology in this decade; the first woman president was elected to lead the American Sociological Association in this period.

C. Wright Mills
Charles Wright Mills (August 28, 1916 – March 20, 1962) was an American sociologist, and a professor of sociology at Columbia University from 1946 until his death in 1962. Mills published widely in both popular and intellectual journals, and is remembered for several books, such as The Power Elite, White Collar: The American Middle Classes, and The Sociological Imagination. Mills was concerned with the responsibilities of intellectuals in post–World War II society, and he advocated public and political engagement over disinterested observation. One of Mills's biographers, Daniel Geary, writes that Mills's writings had a "particularly significant impact on New Left social movements of the 1960s era." It was Mills who popularized the term "New Left" in the U.S., in a 1960 open letter "Letter to the New Left".
Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus
Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name adobe popcornflower. It is native to California and northwestern sections of Mexico, where it can be found in moist areas on clay soil, such as vernal pools. It is an annual herb with a spreading or erect stem 10 to 40 centimeters in length. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped to oblong and several centimeters in length. The plant is coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers, each with a yellow-throated, five-lobed white corolla less than 3 millimeters wide. The nutlets are covered in long prickles with some bristles between.

Vernal pool
Vernal pools, also called vernal ponds or ephemeral pools, are seasonal pools of water that provide habitat for distinctive plants and animals. They are considered to be a unique type of wetland usually devoid of fish, and thus allow the safe development of natal amphibian and insect species unable to withstand competition or predation by fish. Certain tropical fish lineages (such as killifishes) have however, adapted to this habitat specifically.

Vernal pools are a type of wetland. They can be surrounded by many communities/species, including deciduous forest, grassland, lodgepole pine forest, blue oak woodland, sagebrush steppe, succulent coastal scrub and prairie. These pools are characteristic of Mediterranean climates, but occur in many other ecosystems.
2019 Oceania Women's Sevens Championship
The 2019 Oceania Women's Sevens Championship was the ninth Oceania Women's Sevens tournament. It served as the regional qualifier for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Sevens and was held at ANZ Stadium in Suva, Fiji on 7–9 November.

Australia won the tournament to claim their fifth Oceania Championship, defeating Fiji by 24–12 in the final. Runners-up Fiji, as the highest-placed side not already qualified, won the Oceania berth at the 2020 Olympic Sevens in Tokyo.

Papua New Guinea and Samoa finished fourth and fifth respectively and, as the second and third highest-placed sides not already qualified, won entry to the 2020 Final Olympic Qualifier as well as the 2020 Hong Kong Women's Sevens qualifying tournament for the 2020–21 World Women's Sevens Series.

2020 Women's Rugby Sevens Final Olympic Qualification Tournament
The final qualification repechage tournament for women's rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 19–20 June 2021 at Stade Louis II in Monaco. The tournament was originally scheduled for a year earlier, but was postponed until 2021 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Twelve women's teams were eligible to compete in the repechage tournament, as high placing teams from the six continental Olympic qualification events. Jamaica was a late withdrawal from the tournament due to travel difficulties presented by the global COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced the number of teams competing to eleven.

France and Russia were the two   best teams in the repechage, each going through the tournament undefeated. They claimed the two qualifying berths on offer for the women's sevens tournament at the Tokyo Olympics.
Jingwei Subdistrict, Jinzhong
Jingwei Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 经纬街道; traditional Chinese: 經緯街道; pinyin: Jīngwěi Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China. As of 2023, it administers five residential communities.

Jinzhong
Jinzhong, formerly Yuci, is a prefecture-level city in east central Shanxi province of the People's Republic of China, bordering Hebei province to the east. As of the 2020 census, its total population was 3,379,498 inhabitants of whom 1,226,617 lived in the Yuci and Taigu urban districts. However, 5,433,659 lived in the built-up (or metro) area of Taiyuan - Jinzhong made of Yuci district plus the 6 Taiyuan urban/built-up districts, largely conurbated.
Mi-parti
Mi-parti is an orchestral work by the Polish composer Witold Lutosławski, composed from 1975 to 1976 on a commission from the City of Amsterdam for the Concertgebouw Orchestra. The name broadly means in two equal but different parts, referring to the treatment of the material rather than the large-scale structure of the piece.

The first performance took place on 22 October 1976 in Rotterdam, with the composer conducting the Concertgebouw Orchestra.

Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra
The Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Dutch: Koninklĳk Concertgebouworkest, pronounced [ˌkoːnɪŋklə kɔnˈsɛrtxəbʌu.ɔrˌkɛst]) is a Dutch symphony orchestra, established in 1888 at the Amsterdam Royal Concertgebouw (concert hall). It is considered one of the world's leading orchestras. It was known as the Concertgebouw Orchestra until Queen Beatrix conferred the "Royal" prefix upon it in celebration of its centenary in 1988; the prefix was also granted to the concert hall in 2013.
Vic Duppa-Whyte
Vic Duppa-Whyte (1934–1986) was a British paper engineer and author for pop-up books.

Born in Southern Africa, Duppa-Whyte moved to the United Kingdom before attending college.  After graduating from the Ealing Art College in London, he started designed promotional items and packaging for companies.

In 1969, Duppa-Whyte started creating children's books with pop-up inserts to fulfill a contract.  By 1983, he started concentrating on these books, producing them on the human body, the US Space Shuttle, Halley's Comet, and the British Royal family. Duppa-Whyte also taught three dimensional art at Kingston Polytechnic in London.

Duppa-Whyte died in 1986 in South America.

Pop-up book
A pop-up book is any book with three-dimensional pages, often with elements that pop up as a page is turned. The terminology serves as an umbrella term for movable book, pop-ups, tunnel books, transformations, volvelles, flaps, pull-tabs, pop-outs, pull-downs, and other features each performing in a different manner. Three-dimensional greeting cards use the same principles.
Design and creation of such books in arts is sometimes called "paper engineering". This usage should not be confused with traditional paper engineering, the engineering of systems to mass-produce paper products.
Peristera Peak
Peristera Peak (Bulgarian: връх Перистера, romanized: vrah Peristera, IPA: [ˈvrɤx pɛriˈstɛrɐ]) is the rocky peak rising to 2142 m in Owen Ridge, the southernmost portion of the main ridge of Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It overlooks lower Nimitz Glacier to the southwest and upper Wessbecher Glacier to the northeast.

The peak is named after the ancient and medieval fortress of Peristera in Southern Bulgaria.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Anwar Nuseibeh
Anwar Bey Nuseibeh (Arabic: أنور نسيبة) (1913–1986) was a leading Palestinian who held several major posts in the Jordanian Government before Israel took control of East Jerusalem and the West Bank in the 1967 war. After the Six Day War he became one of the first Palestinians involved in contacts with Israel after it captured the Eastern part of the city and later encouraged his son, Sari Nusseibeh, to make contact with the Israelis.

Parliament of Jordan
The Parliament of Jordan (Arabic: مجلس الأمة Majlis Al-Umma) is the bicameral Jordanian national assembly. Established by the 1952 Constitution, the legislature consists of two houses: the  Senate (Arabic: مجلس الأعيان Majlis Al-Aayan) and the House of Representatives (Arabic: مجلس النواب Majlis Al-Nuwaab).

The Senate has 69 members, all of whom are directly appointed by the king, while the House of Representatives has 138 elected members, with nine seats reserved for Christians, three for Chechen and Circassian minorities, and fifteen for women. The members of both houses serve for four-year terms.
Goebelsmuhle railway station
49°55′18″N 06°03′06″E﻿ / ﻿49.92167°N 6.05167°E﻿ / 49.92167; 6.05167
Goebelsmuhle railway station (Luxembourgish: Gare op der Giewelsmillen, French: Gare de Goebelsmuhle) is a railway station serving the village of Goebelsmuhle, in the commune of Bourscheid, in northern Luxembourg.  It is operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois, the state-owned railway company.

The station is situated on Line 10, which connects Luxembourg City to the centre and north of the country.

Bourscheid, Luxembourg
Bourscheid (Luxembourgish: Buerschent [ˈbuːɐ̯ʃənt] ⓘ; German: Burscheid) is a commune and small town in north-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Diekirch, which is part of the district of Diekirch.

As of 2025, the town of Bourscheid, which lies in the centre of the commune, had a population of 442. Other settlements within the commune include Goebelsmuhle, Lipperscheid, Michelau, Schlindermanderscheid, and Welscheid.

Bourscheid Castle located close to the village is one of the most important medieval castles between the Meuse and the Rhine.
Cousins River
The Cousins River (Native American: Sisquisic) is a 4.7-mile-long (7.6 km), primarily tidal river in southern Maine. Rising in the town of Freeport at the junction of Harvey Brook and Merrill Brook, it flows south and forms, for most of its course, the boundary between Freeport and Yarmouth.  It flows into the Royal River just west of its mouth in Casco Bay.

The river, Cousins Island and Littlejohn Island are named after Englishman John Cousins (c. 1596–1682), who emigrated from Marlborough, Wiltshire.

Freeport, Maine
Freeport is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. Freeport is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and town area. The population was 8,737 at the 2020 census. Once home to a prominent shipbuilding industry, timber operations, and farming, it is now known for its numerous outlet stores; Freeport is home to L.L. Bean, Wolfe's Neck Woods State Park, and the Desert of Maine.

Freeport is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area. The Harraseeket Historic District is in Freeport.
The Hot Place
The Hot Place is an American rock band formed in Atlanta, Georgia in 2011. They have released one full-length album, The Language of Birds on No Big Wheel Records,  which was recorded at Southern Tracks Recording. They have released 2 Singles/EP's, Petals of Ruin and A Second to Live.

Television (band)
Television was an American rock band formed in New York City in 1973. The group's most prominent lineup consisted of Tom Verlaine (vocals, guitar), Richard Lloyd (guitar), Billy Ficca (drums), and Fred Smith (bass). An early fixture of CBGB and the 1970s New York rock scene, the band is considered influential in the development of punk and alternative rock.

Although they recorded in a stripped-down, guitar-based manner similar to their punk contemporaries, Television's music was by comparison clean, improvisational, and technically proficient, drawing influence from jazz and 1960s rock. The group's 1977 debut album, Marquee Moon, is considered one of the defining releases of the punk era. The group released another album the following year titled Adventure, after which they disbanded, but reunited in 1992 to record a self-titled album. Television disbanded again two years later, but they began occasionally performing live in 2001, continuing until 2023 when Verlaine died.
Groom Lake (salt flat)
Groom Lake is a dry lake, also described as a salt flat, in Nevada. It is used for runways of the Nellis Bombing Range Test Site airport (KXTA). Part of the Area 51 USAF installation, it lies at an elevation of 4,409 ft (1,344 m) and is approximately 3.7 miles (6.0 km) from north to south and 3 miles (4.8 km) from east to west at its widest point, and is approximately 11.3 miles in circumference. Located within the namesake Groom Lake Valley portion of the Tonopah Basin, the lake is 25 mi (40 km) south of Rachel, Nevada.

The nearest publicly accessible vantage point is Tikaboo Peak, 26 miles (42 km) to the east. There were two closer vantage points, dubbed "Freedom Ridge" and "White Sides", but they were closed to public access in 1995 to prevent people from taking pictures of the installation.

Rachel, Nevada
Rachel is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lincoln County, Nevada, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 48. As the closest settlement to the Nellis Air Force Range and Area 51, Rachel enjoys a modest celebrity status, particularly among aviation enthusiasts and UFO hunters.
Villa di Castello
The Villa di Castello, near the hills bordering Florence, Tuscany, central Italy, was the country residence of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1519-1574).  The gardens, filled with fountains, statuary, and a grotto, became famous throughout Europe. The villa also housed some of the great art treasures of Florence, including Sandro Botticelli's Renaissance masterpieces The Birth of Venus and Primavera.  The gardens of the Villa had a profound  influence upon the design of the Italian Renaissance garden and the later French formal garden.

Boboli Gardens
The Boboli Gardens (Italian: Giardino di Boboli /’bo.bo.li/) is a historical park of the city of Florence that was opened to the public in 1766. Originally designed for the Medici, it represents one of the first and most important examples of the Italian garden, which later served as inspiration for many European courts. Statues of various styles and periods, ancient and Renaissance, dot the garden. It also has large fountains and artificial caves, notably a grotto built by the artist, architect, and sculptor Bernardo Buontalenti between 1536 and 1608.
Bokeloh bat lyssavirus
Bokeloh bat lyssavirus (BBLV) is negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Lyssavirus first isolated from a Natterer's bat (Myotis nattereri) found in Bokeloh, Lower Saxony, Germany in 2010.

Lyssavirus
Lyssavirus (from the Greek λύσσα lyssa  "rage, fury, rabies" and the Latin vīrus) is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Mammals, including humans, can serve as natural hosts. The genus Lyssavirus includes the causative agent (rabies virus) of rabies.
Berwyn, Denbighshire
Berwyn is a settlement in Denbighshire, Wales. The settlement is situated a mile north-west of Llangollen and is adjacent to the River Dee. The Horseshoe Falls is nearby. Berwyn has a station on the Llangollen Railway.

Despite the name, it is not particularly close to the hill Cadair Berwyn, the highest point in the county, or the Berwyn range of hills, being in the Dee valley.

Llangollen
Llangollen (Welsh: [ɬaŋˈɡɔɬɛn] ⓘ) is a town and community, situated on the River Dee, in Denbighshire, Wales. Its riverside location forms the edge of the Berwyn range, and the Dee Valley section of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, with the easternmost point of the Dee Valley Way being within the town. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 3,603.