hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford
The Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS) is a research center within the Stanford School of Medicine that aims to improve reproducibility by studying how science is practiced and published and developing better ways for the scientific community to operate. It is headed by John Ioannidis and Steven Goodman. Laura and John Arnold Foundation provided the initial founding of the center, which launched in 2014. Ioannidis' past work that led to the creation of METRICS has been covered twice in The New York Times.

Stanford University School of Medicine
The Stanford University School of Medicine is the medical school of Stanford University and is located in Stanford, California, United States. It traces its roots to the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, founded in San Francisco in 1858. This medical institution, then called Cooper Medical College, was acquired by Stanford in 1908. In 1959, the medical school moved to the Stanford campus near Palo Alto, California.

The School of Medicine, along with Stanford Health Care and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, is part of Stanford Medicine.
Abschwangen massacre
The Abschwangen massacre was a massacre committed by Russian troops during World War I on 29 August 1914 in the occupied village of Abschwangen (now Tishino) near Preussisch Eylau some 30 km (19 mi) south of Königsberg, in which 65 German civilians, including 28 locals and 37 refugees from other places, were killed.

Bagrationovsk
Bagrationovsk (Russian: Багратио́новск; German: Preußisch Eylau, lit. 'Prussian Eylau'; Polish: Pruska Iława or Iławka; Lithuanian: Ylava or Prūsų Ylava) is a town and the administrative center of Bagrationovsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located close to the border with Poland, 37 kilometers (23 mi) south of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. It has a population of 6,400 (2010 Census).
Ayn al-Souda, Rif Dimashq Governorate
Ayn al-Souda (Arabic: عين السودة) which means Black Spring, is a Syrian village located in Markaz Rif Dimashq District, Rif Dimashq. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ayn al-Souda had a population of 809 in the 2004 census. Nearby localities include Ayn al-Bayda and Khiyarat Dannun.

Ayn al-Bayda, Rif Dimashq
Ayn al-Bayda (Arabic: عين البيضة) which means White Spring, is a Syrian village located in Markaz Rif Dimashq District, Rif Dimashq. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ayn al-Bayda had a population of 1,252 in the 2004 census. Nearby localities include Al-Taybah, Khiyarat Dannun and Zakiyah.
Trinodinae
Trinodinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Dermestidae, containing the following genera:

Apsectus  LeConte, 1854

Evorinea  Beal, 1961

Hexanodes  Blair, 1941

Thylodrias  Motschulsky, 1839

Trichelodes  Carter, 1935

Trichodryas  Lawrence & Slipinski, 2005

Trinodes  Dejean, 1821

Trinoparvus  Háva, 2004

Trinoparvus
Trinoparvus is a genus of beetles in the family Dermestidae, containing the following species:

Trinoparvus laboriosus Háva, 2004

Trinoparvus majeri Háva, 2014

Trinoparvus suturalis Háva, 2019

Trinoparvus villosus Háva, 2004
Homestead Temporary Shelter for Unaccompanied Children
Homestead Temporary Shelter for Unaccompanied Children is a 3,200-bed migrant children's detention center in Homestead, Florida. Until August 3, 2019, the center had been operated by Comprehensive Health Services, Inc. (CHSi), which is a subsidiary of the homeland security operator Caliburn International. It was believed to be the only remaining for-profit child detention center for migrants. The organization has faced severe criticism concerning immigration.  Senator Elizabeth Warren had demanded that the detention facility be "closed down", and calls for investigation and oversight grew stronger when it was revealed that the federal government had paid $33 million in just 46 days for 1,200 of the empty beds.

It was reported on February 23, 2021 that the administration of US President Joe Biden will be reopening the detention center.

United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
The Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies is a subcommittee within the House Appropriations Committee. 
The United States House Committee on Appropriations has joint jurisdiction with the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations over all appropriations bills in the United States Congress. Each committee has 12 matching subcommittees, each of which is tasked with working on one of the twelve annual regular appropriations bills. This subcommittee has jurisdiction over the budget for the United States Department of Labor, the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and the United States Department of Education.

It is chaired by Republican Robert Aderholt, and its Ranking Member is Democrat Rosa DeLauro, who is also the Ranking Member of the full committee.
Castle season 4
The fourth season of American crime-comedy-drama television series Castle was ordered on January 10, 2011, by ABC. The season aired from September 19, 2011, to May 7, 2012. The fourth season initially contained 22 episodes, but on December 8, 2011, ABC ordered an additional episode, bringing the total episode count to 23 episodes. Penny Johnson Jerald joined the cast as the new captain, Victoria "Iron" Gates for the fourth season.

Castle (TV series)
Castle is an American crime mystery comedy-drama television series that aired on ABC for a total of eight seasons from March 9, 2009, to May 16, 2016. The series was produced by Beacon Pictures and ABC Studios.

Created by Andrew W. Marlowe, Castle primarily traces the lives of Richard Castle (Nathan Fillion), a best-selling mystery novelist, and Kate Beckett (Stana Katic), a homicide detective, as they solve various unusual crimes in New York City. Detective Beckett is initially infuriated at the thought of working with a writer and goes to great lengths to keep him out of her way. However, the two soon start developing feelings for each other. The overarching plot of the series focused on the romance between the two lead characters and their ongoing investigation of the murder of Beckett's mother.

On May 12, 2016, it was announced that despite some cast members signing one-year contracts for a potential ninth season, the show had been canceled.
Corrado Galzio
Corrado Galzio, (Italian pronunciation: [korˈraːdo ˈɡaltsjo]; Noto, November 3, 1919 – Noto, April 19, 2020) was a noted musician and piano player who founded the International Music Festival of Noto and the Italian Music Conservatory in Caracas. He promoted the popularization of musical culture as well as initiating the interchanges between Italy and Venezuela. In Venezuela, he carried out an intense career as an artist, teacher, and director of successful radio and television programmes. He is widely recognised as the father of chamber music culture in the Latin American country.

Uto Ughi
Bruto "Uto" Ughi Knight Grand Cross OMRI (Italian: [ˈuːto ˈuːɡi]; born 21 January 1944) is an Italian violinist and conductor. He was the music director of the Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia between 1987 and 1992. He is considered one of Italy's greatest living violinists and is also active in the promotion of classical music in today's culture.
It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia season 6
The sixth season of the American television sitcom series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia premiered on FX on September 16, 2010. It is the first season of the show to be filmed in high-definition. The season contains 14 episodes and concluded airing on December 16, 2010, with the hour-long Christmas special (which was produced for season 5, however aired as part of season 6). An additional episode called "The Gang Gets Successful" (production code IP06004) was produced for this season, but was not aired, despite scenes from the episode being included in promotional material for season 6. It was later re-edited with new scenes to create the season 7 episode "How Mac Got Fat".

Preston & Steve
Preston & Steve is a morning radio, comedy, and variety broadcast on Philadelphia's active rock station 93.3 FM WMMR. The show features DJs Preston Elliot and Steve Morrison. The show originated at WDRE and then on Y100, both in Philadelphia, and features daily telephone interviews, in-studio guests, celebrity impersonations, unusual news stories, and numerous sound clips and running gags. It broadcasts live on the radio as well as streaming audio via the station website from 6 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. ET Monday through Friday, and is a featured podcast in the comedy section of the iTunes Store.
Fidesco International
Fidesco is a Catholic non-governmental organization for volunteering to development projects in countries in the global south, founded in 1981, and is run by the Emmanuel Community, following a meeting in the Vatican City with African bishops.

Volunteers who leave with Fidesco are singles, couples or families, young people, adults or retired, wishing in the name of their faith to work for the marginalized: this explains the name of FIDES - CO : faith and co-operation. They aim put their professional skills at the service of development projects, to help local populations or humanitarian actions.

Emmanuel Community
The Emmanuel Community is a Catholic association of the faithful of pontifical right, founded in 1972 by Pierre Goursat and Martine Lafitte-Catta, starting from a prayer group belonging to the Catholic charismatic renewal.
NWA Tennessee Heavyweight Championship
The NWA Tennessee Heavyweight Championship was the primary championship in the National Wrestling Alliance territory promotion NWA Top Rope, based in Lebanon, Tennessee. The Championship was created in 2005 and was active until 2013 when NWA Top Rope closed. That version of the championship was preceded by the original NWA Tennessee Heavyweight Championship that existed from the late 1950s into the 1960s, promoted by NWA Mid-America. Because the championship is a professional wrestling championship, it is not won or lost competitively but instead by the decision of the bookers of a wrestling promotion. The championship is awarded after the chosen wrestler "wins" a match to maintain the illusion that professional wrestling is a competitive sport.

NWA Mid-America
NWA Mid-America was a professional wrestling promotion territory under the umbrella of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) that promoted shows in Tennessee, Kentucky and Alabama from 1940 until 1981. The company was founded in 1940 by Nick Gulas and Roy Welch and was one of the first promotions to join the NWA after it was founded in 1948. From 1953 until late 1974, John Cazana promoted the Knoxville area and Joe Gunther promoted the Birmingham area from around 1940 until some point in the 1970s. In 1977, promoter Jerry Jarrett and wrestler Jerry Lawler broke away from NWA Mid-America, breaking the Memphis area off to start on the own under the name the Continental Wrestling Association (CWA). Mid-America stopped promoting in 1981 and the CWA took over most of their territory as well as some of the championships promoted by NWA Mid-America.
History of religious architecture in Vicenza
The city of Vicenza is extremely rich in churches, monasteries, convents and other buildings intended for worship or religious activities, built during the seventeen centuries of Christian presence in the city.

Their history is not only about the vicissitudes of construction, renovations and additions, and then deconsecration and finally demolition; the history is about the people: the social, political and artistic context that characterized them; who commissioned these buildings and why; who financed their construction and implementation with works of art and piety; who earned income from them and appointed their rectors; and who was buried or remembered in them. It is only through the compilation of this variety of data that the history of a community can be understood through the study of religious buildings.

Vicenza Cathedral
Vicenza Cathedral (Italian: Cattedrale di Santa Maria Annunziata, Duomo di Vicenza) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Vicenza, Veneto, northern Italy. It is the seat of the Bishop of Vicenza, and is dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary.
Warsaw Shore series 20
The twentieth series of Warsaw Shore, a Polish television programme based in Warsaw, Poland was announced on September 29, 2023, and began airing on 17 March 2024. The series was filmed in between November and December 2023 mainly in Warsaw and also in Łódź. This is also the first series not to include Milena Łaszek, Michał Sarnowski and Przemysław "Sequento" Skulski  after their departures the previous season. The series also featured the return of Jeremiasz "Jez" Szmigiel. It will be also the first series to include four new cast members Diana Mościcka, Grzesiek Tomaszewski, Magda Pawińska and Olaf Majewski. The series will feature the brief returns of former cast members Damian "Stifler" Zduńczyk, Kasjusz "Don Kasjo" Życiński, Radosław "Diva" Majchrowski, Kamil Jagielski, and original cast member Anna "Mała" Aleksandrzak. Nathan Henry of Geordie Shore made a guest appearance for the second time, after the thirteenth series.

Warsaw Shore series 13
The thirteenth series of Warsaw Shore, a Polish television programme based in Warsaw, Poland was announced in January 2020. The series was scheduled to premiere on 29 March 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled to another date. The new start date was 6 September 2020 and episodes began airing on Sunday and Wednesday. Ahead of the series it was announced that new cast members Milena Łaszek and Marceli Szklanny had joined the series. This is the first series not to include original cast members Anna "Mała" Aleksandrzak and Damian "Stifler" Zduńczyk, who had quit the show after the previous series. The series also featured the return of Damian "Dzik" Graf. Nathan Henry participant of Geordie Shore had a special participation during episodes eleven and twelve, it is the first time that a participant of said program is part of Warsaw Shore after the first season.
Carnforth Cricket Club
Carnforth Cricket Club is based in the North-West of England and play their home games at Lodge Quarry, Carnforth.

They have 3 teams in total, with the 1st and 2nd XI playing in the Northern Premier League, and the 3rd XI playing in The Westmorland League.

Northern Premier Cricket League
The Northern Premier Cricket League is a cricket league in the North West of England and was designated as an ECB Premier League in 2000. Prior to that date it was known as the Northern Cricket League.

Because the Northern Premier Cricket League had no formal feeder league and no automatic relegation and promotion, the ECB suggested on several occasions that its ECB Premier League status might be withdrawn.  As from 2017, the Palace Shield became the Northern Premier League's feeder league and promotion and relegation between the two leagues took place for the first time at the end of the 2017 season.
Lawrawani Lake
Lawrawani (Aymara lawrawa feather of the qaqi, a species of bird, -ni Aymara suffix to indicate ownership, "the one that has got plumage of the qaqi" or "the one with plumage of the qaqi", hispanicized spelling Labrahuani) is a lake west of the Cordillera Real of Bolivia located in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality, Kirani Canton. It is situated at a height of about 4,475 metres (14,682 ft), south-west and west of two slightly larger lakes, Khotia Quta and Q'ara Quta, and south-west of the mountains Warawarani and Phaq'u Kiwuta.

Q'ara Quta (La Paz)
Q'ara Quta (Aymara q'ara bare, bald, quta lake, "bare lake", Hispanicized spellings Karakota, Khara Khota, Khara Kkota, K'arakota) is a lake on the western side of the Cordillera Real of Bolivia located in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality, Comunidad Alto Peñas. It lies north-west of the Kunturiri massif, between the lakes Wichhu Quta (5 km) in the south-west and Khotia Quta and Janq'u Quta in the north-east. The lakes are connected by Jach'a Jawira, a river which originates near the mountain Wila Lluxita and flows down to Lake Titicaca. Q'ara Quta is situated at a height of about 4,400 metres (14,400 ft), about 5 km long and 0,65 km at its widest point.
All Day, All Night
All Day, All Night is the second studio album by American R&B duo Changing Faces. It was released by Big Beat and Atlantic Records on June 10, 1997, in the United States. The album was released after multiple soundtrack appearances by the group, including A Low Down Dirty Shame (1994), White Man's Burden (1995) and High School High (1996) and Space Jam (1996). All Day, All Night features the singles "G.H.E.T.T.O.U.T.," "All of My Days," and "I Got Somebody Else," the latter of which was featured on the High School High soundtrack. The album was certified gold by July 1997, having sold over 500,000 copies in the US alone.

High School High
High School High is a 1996 American comedy film about an inner city high school in the Los Angeles, California area, starring Jon Lovitz, Tia Carrere, Mekhi Phifer, Louise Fletcher, Malinda Williams, and Brian Hooks. It is a spoof of films concerning idealistic teachers (such as To Sir, with Love) being confronted with a class of cynical teenagers, disengaged by conventional schooling, and loosely parodies Blackboard Jungle, High School Confidential, The Principal, Dangerous Minds, Lean on Me, The Substitute, Stand and Deliver, and  Grease.

The film is dedicated to the memories of casting director Elisabeth Leustig and actor Lexie Bigham, both of whom were killed in automobile crashes shortly after filming was completed.
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2024
The 30th Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards, honoring the best in film for 2024, were announced on December 18, 2024.

Anora received the most awards, winning three for Best Film, Best Director (Sean Baker), and Best Actress (Mikey Madison). The Brutalist tied for second place, winning Best Screenplay (Brady Corbet and Mona Fastvold) and Best Supporting Actor (Guy Pearce). The other acting winners were Ralph Fiennes for Best Actor (Conclave) and Zoe Saldaña for Best Supporting Actress (Emilia Pérez). The Wild Robot won Best Animated Film and Best Musical Score for composer Kris Bowers while The Seed of the Sacred Fig won for Best Foreign Language Film and the Russell Smith Award—a special award designated "for low-budget and/or cutting-edge films".

Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film
The Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film is an award presented by the Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association (DFWFCA) to honor an outstanding animated film. Toy Story is the only franchise with multiple wins, winning for Toy Story (1995), Toy Story 3 (2010) and Toy Story 4 (2019).
Timeline of Pakistani history
This is a timeline of Pakistani history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the region of modern-day Pakistan. To read about the background of these events, see History of Pakistan and History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes
A series of occasional armed skirmishes and firefights have occurred along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border between the Afghan Armed Forces and the Pakistan Armed Forces since 1949. The latest round of hostilities between the two countries began in April 2007.

Militants belonging to internationally designated terrorist groups Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Jamaat-ul-Ahrar also use Afghanistan's territory to target Pakistani security personnel deployed along the border. Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry, spokesperson for the Pakistan Armed Forces, said that the presence of terrorists belonging to the TTP on Afghan soil is the reason for sporadic shelling of, and airstrikes on, Afghanistan's territory by the Pakistan Armed Forces.
Summit Hills, Cross River
Summit Hills is a 908-acre real estate development in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The development includes a convention centre, hotel, recreational facilities, and golf course with clubhouse, nature reserve, hospital and a variety of residential units. It is being developed by a group of public and private investors, including the Cross River State Government.

Calabar
Calabar (also referred to as Callabar, Calabari, Calbari, Cali  and Kalabar) is the capital city of Cross River State, Nigeria. It was originally named Akwa Akpa, in the Efik language, as the Efik people dominate this area. The city is adjacent to the Calabar and Great Kwa rivers, and the creeks of the Cross River (from its inland delta).

Calabar was once described as the tourism capital of Nigeria, especially due to several initiatives implemented during the administration of Donald Duke as the Governor of Cross River State (1999–2007). The city became the cleanest and most environmentally friendly city in Nigeria.

Administratively, the city is divided into Calabar Municipal and Calabar South Local Government Areas. It has an area of 406 square kilometres (157 sq mi) and, as of the 2006 census, a population of 371,022. Both LGAs together had an estimated population of 571,500 in 2022.
Bilateral filter
A bilateral filter is a non-linear, edge-preserving, and noise-reducing smoothing filter for images. It replaces the intensity of each pixel with a weighted average of intensity values from nearby pixels. This weight can be based on a Gaussian distribution. Crucially, the weights depend not only on Euclidean distance of pixels, but also on the radiometric differences (e.g., variations in color intensity or depth). This dual dependency preserves sharp edges while suppressing noise.

Smoothing
In statistics and image processing, to smooth a data set is to create an approximating function that attempts to capture important patterns in the data, while leaving out noise or other fine-scale structures/rapid phenomena. In smoothing, the data points of a signal are modified so individual points higher than the adjacent points (presumably because of noise) are reduced, and points that are lower than the adjacent points are increased, leading to a smoother signal.

Reducing noise by smoothing may aid in data analysis in two notable ways:

Help uncover more meaningful information from the underlying data, such as trends.

Provide analyses that are both flexible and robust.

Many different algorithms are used in smoothing, most commonly binning, kernels, and local weighted regression.
Royal Lao Police
The Royal Lao Police (Lao: ກຣົມຕຳຮວຈລາວ; French: Police Royale Laotiènne – PRL), was the official national police force of the Kingdom of Laos from 1950 to 1975, operating closely with the Royal Lao Armed Forces (FAR) during the Laotian Civil War between 1960 and 1975.

Border Patrol Police
The Border Patrol Police (BPP; Thai: ตำรวจตระเวนชายแดน) is a Thai paramilitary police under the jurisdiction of the Royal Thai Police, responsible for border security, counterinsurgency, disaster relief, law enforcement, operating in difficult terrain, and supporting riot control.
Aalsmeer
Aalsmeer (Dutch: [aːlsˈmeːr] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Its name is derived from the Dutch for eel (aal) and lake (meer). Aalsmeer is bordered by the Westeinderplassen lake, the largest open water of the Randstad, and the Ringvaart Canal. The town is located 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Amsterdam.

The town is sometimes referred to as the flower capital of the world, as the largest flower auction in the world is based in Aalsmeer, along with numerous nurseries and an experimental station for floriculture.

Bovenkerk, Amstelveen
Bovenkerk is a village in the municipality of Amstelveen in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. Bovenkerk was part of the municipality of Nieuwer-Amstel until 1964, when it was absorbed in the newly-formed municipality of Amstelveen. It lies on the western side of Amstelveen and next to the Amsterdam Forest.