hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palestinian hikaye
Hikaye, or Palestinian hikaye (Arabic: حكاية, romanized: ḥikāya), is a unique form of oral literature from Palestine that is performed by women, particularly those who are older.

In 2005, it was listed as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, and in 2008, it was inscribed to UNESCO's List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. However, as a result of changing social structures, broader access to school education, and the spread of mass media, the tradition is slowly dying out.

Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
The Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity was made by the Director-General of UNESCO starting in 2001 to raise awareness of intangible cultural heritage—such traditions, rituals, dance, and knowledge—and urge the protection of the communities that create them. Several manifestations of intangible heritage around the world were awarded the status of Masterpieces; further proclamations occurred biennially. The status exists to recognize the value of non-material culture, as well as to commit states to promote and safeguard the Masterpieces. In 2008, the 90 declared Masterpieces were incorporated into the new Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as its first entries.
Culture of Kraków
Kraków is considered by many to be the cultural capital of Poland. It was named the European Capital of Culture by the European Union for the year 2000. The city has some of the best museums in the country and several famous theaters. It became the residence of two Polish Nobel laureates in literature: Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz, while a third Nobel laureate, the Yugoslav writer Ivo Andrić also lived and studied in Krakow. It is also home to one of the world's oldest universities, the Jagiellonian University of Kraków, and Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts, the oldest Polish fine art academy, established in 1818 and granted full autonomy in 1873.

Capella Cracoviensis
Capella Cracoviensis is a period instrument ensemble and a chamber choir based in Kraków, Poland. It was formed in 1970 by composer and music conductor Stanisław Gałoński (b. 1936), its first director and general manager. Capella Cracoviensis specializes in early music, Renaissance polyphonies, Polish Baroque, and classical chamber music played on period instruments, as well as oratorios, and operatic scores including works of Mozart.
Joshua Stander
Joshua Trevor Stander (born 1 January 1994) is a South African professional rugby union player for the Stormers in Super Rugby and Western Province in the Currie Cup and in the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is fly-half.

Border Bulldogs
The Border Bulldogs (Grens Bulldogs) is a South African professional rugby union team based in East London that participates in the annual Currie Cup competitions. They are governed by the Border Rugby Union (BRU).
Xenoturbella bocki
Xenoturbella bocki is a marine benthic worm-like species from the genus Xenoturbella. It is found in saltwater sea floor habitats off the coast of Europe, predominantly in Sweden. It was the first species in the genus discovered. Initially, it was collected by Swedish zoologist Sixten Bock in 1915 and described in 1949 by Swedish zoologist Einar Westblad. The unusual digestive structure of this species, in which a single opening is used to eat food and excrete waste, has led to considerable study and controversy as to its classification. It is a bottom-dwelling, burrowing carnivore that eats mollusks (likely larval forms, as opposed to hard-shelled adults).

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
2002 Brownlow Medal
The 2002 Brownlow Medal was the 75th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home-and-away season. Simon Black of the Brisbane Lions won the medal by polling twenty-five votes during the 2002 AFL season.

2002 AFL season
The 2002 AFL season was the 106th season of the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Australia, which was known as the Victorian Football League until 1989. The season featured sixteen clubs, ran from 28 March until 28 September, and comprised a 22-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top eight clubs.

The premiership was won by the Brisbane Lions for the second time and second time consecutively, after it defeated Collingwood by nine points in the AFL Grand Final.
Bačko Novo Selo
Bačko Novo Selo (Serbian Cyrillic: Бачко Ново Село listenⓘ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bač municipality, South Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and a Bosniak minority. Its population numbering 1,228 people (2002 census). The village was formally known as Batsch Neudorf prior to World War Two. The etymology of the village comes from Slavic languages meaning new village, Novo Selo and Bačko from the region it’s in Bačka.

South Bačka District
The South Bačka District (Serbian: Јужнобачки округ, romanized: Južnobački okrug, pronounced [jûʒnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the southern part of Bačka and northern part of Syrmia. According to the 2022 census, the South Bačka District has a population of 607,178 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Novi Sad, which is also the administrative center and the largest city of the Vojvodina.
String Quintet, Op. 29 (Beethoven)
The String Quintet in C major, Op. 29, written by Ludwig van Beethoven, was composed in 1801. This work is scored for string quartet and an extra viola (two violins, two violas, and cello). The Op. 29 is Beethoven's only full-scale, original composition in the string quintet genre; of his other quintet works, the Op. 4 is an extensively reworked arrangement of the earlier Octet for Winds, Op. 103, the String Quintet Op. 104 is an arrangement of an earlier piano trio, and the later fugue is a short work.

The composer dedicated this work to Count Moritz von Fries, a patron to whom Beethoven also dedicated two other works of the same year—the Violin Sonatas No. 4 and No. 5—as well as his later Seventh Symphony.

String Quintet, Op. 4 (Beethoven)
The String Quintet in E-flat major, Op. 4, was composed by Ludwig van Beethoven in 1795. It was adapted from his Octet in E-flat major, Op. 103, which, despite its high opus number, was in fact composed by Beethoven in 1792/1793 but was published only in 1837, ten years after the composer's death. The Quintet was published in Vienna in 1796.
Le Barc de Boutteville
The art gallery of Le Barc de Boutteville, at 47 Rue Le Peletier, 9th arrondissement, was one of the few places in Paris in the 1890s where young artists were welcome to present their work to the public, in the years after the death of Theo van Gogh and before Ambroise Vollard opened his gallery.

The proprietor, Louis Le Barc, died prematurely, in 1897.

Émile Bernard
Émile Henri Bernard (French pronunciation: [emil ɑ̃ʁi bɛʁnaʁ]; 28 April 1868 – 16 April 1941) was a French Post-Impressionist painter and writer, who had artistic friendships with Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin and Eugène Boch, and at a later time, Paul Cézanne. Most of his notable work was accomplished at a young age, in the years 1886 through 1897. He is also associated with Cloisonnism and Synthetism, two late 19th-century art movements. Less known is Bernard's literary work, comprising plays, poetry, and art criticism as well as art historical statements that contain first-hand information on the crucial period of modern art to which Bernard had contributed.
2017 FIBA Women's Asia Cup
The 2017 FIBA Women's Asia Cup was the qualifying tournament for FIBA Asia and FIBA Oceania at the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup in Spain. The tournament was held from 23 to 29 July in Bangalore, India. Before this edition, the tournament was known as the FIBA Asia Championship for Women, and only involved FIBA Asia members. FIBA Oceania teams Australia and New Zealand, as well as Fiji (at Division B) competed in the tournament for the first time.

Japan won their fourth title after defeating Australia 74–73 in the final, while China captured the bronze medal by defeating South Korea 75–51. These four countries qualified for 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup.

FIBA Women's Asia Cup
The FIBA Women's Asia Cup is an international basketball tournament which takes place every two years for women's national teams from FIBA Asia, and since 2017 also including FIBA Oceania. It was known as the ABC Championship for Women until 2001, and the FIBA Asia Championship for Women until 2015. The winner of this tournament qualifies automatically for the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, while the next best five teams advance to the World Cup Qualifying Tournaments.
Austroepigomphus
Austroepigomphus is a genus of dragonflies in the family Gomphidae. 
The species are medium-sized with black and yellow  markings. Segment 9 and segment 10 of their abdomen are stretched. They are commonly known as hunters. The three species of Austroepigomphus are found on the eastern and northern areas of the Australian continent.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.
Klaus Ploghaus
Klaus Dieter Ploghaus (31 January 1956 – 11 January 2022) was a West German hammer thrower. He was born in Gelnhausen, Hesse.

His biggest success came at the 1984 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, United States where he won the bronze medal. In addition he finished twelfth at the 1978 European Championships, eighth at the 1982 European Championships, sixth at the 1983 World Championships and ninth at the 1986 European Championships.

His personal best throw was 81.32 metres, achieved in May 1986 in Paderborn. This ranks him seventh among German hammer throwers, behind Ralf Haber, Heinz Weis, Karsten Kobs, Günther Rodehau, Holger Klose and Christoph Sahner.

Ploghaus died on 11 January 2022, at the age of 65.

Günther Rodehau
Gerhard Günther Rodehau (born 6 July 1959 in Meißen, Saxony) is a retired East German hammer thrower.

Rodehau represented the sports club SC Einheit Dresden, and became East German champion in 1986 and 1990.

His personal best throw was 82.64 metres, achieved in August 1985 in Dresden. This ranks him fourth among German hammer throwers, behind Ralf Haber, Heinz Weis and Karsten Kobs.
Hightown, West Yorkshire
53°42′36″N 1°43′23″W﻿ / ﻿53.710°N 1.723°W﻿ / 53.710; -1.723

Hightown is a hamlet within the parish of Liversedge, West Yorkshire, England, with a diverse socioeconomic culture. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, to the north, neighbouring the border with Calderdale, is the Windybank council estate. To the east is Hightown Road, where some houses are valued at over one million pounds, and to the south bordering Mirfield and Roberttown is a very middle class private housing estate.

Nearby towns include Cleckheaton, Heckmondwike, and Gomersal, as well as the cities of Bradford and Leeds.

The most notable residents of Hightown were the Brontë family, who lived here before they moved to Haworth.

Haworth
Haworth (UK: /ˈhaʊ.ərθ/ HOW-ərth, also /ˈhɔːərθ/ HAW-ərth, US: /ˈhɔːwərθ/ HAW-wərth) is a village in the civil parish of 'Haworth with Stanbury', in the Bradford district, in West Yorkshire, England, in the Pennines 3 miles (5 km) south-west of Keighley, 8 miles (13 km) north of Halifax, 10 miles (16 km) west of Bradford and 10 miles (16 km) east of Colne in Lancashire. The surrounding areas include Oakworth and Oxenhope. Nearby villages include Cross Roads, Stanbury and Lumbfoot.

Haworth is a tourist destination known for its association with the Brontë sisters and the preserved heritage Keighley and Worth Valley Railway.
Journey to the West (Chinese opera)
Journey to the West (西游记) is a Chinese Yuan dynasty zaju (opera) play. It was one of the longest opera works of the Yuan dynasty. The author is generally believed to be the playwright Yang Jingxian who was active during the late Yuan dynasty.  The oldest known version of the play was discovered in the Japanese Cabinet Library in 1927.  The play consist of twenty-four acts and is one of the sources for Wu Cheng'en's Ming dynasty novel Journey to the West.

Zaju
Zaju was a form of Chinese opera which provided entertainment through a synthesis of recitations of prose and poetry, dance, singing, and mime, with a certain emphasis on comedy (or, happy endings). Although with diverse and earlier roots, zaju has particularly been associated with the time of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), and zaju remains important in terms of the historical study of the theater arts as well as Classical Chinese literature and poetry. Zaju is known to have been performed during the earlier Song (960–1279) and Jin (1115–1234) dynasties. The various particulars of the zaju multimedia performance were derived from many and diverse sources of musical, dance, poetry, and theater traditions.
Palampur Himachal railway station
Palampur Himachal Railway Station is a small railway station in Kangra district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The station lies on Kangra Valley Railway. Palampur Himachal railway station is at an elevation of 1,119 metres (3,671 ft). It was allotted the railway code of PLMX under the jurisdiction of Firozpur railway division. The 610 mm (2 ft)-wide narrow gauge was opened for traffic in 1929. In 1929 the line was regauged to 762 mm (2 ft 6 in)-wide narrow gauge.

Firozpur railway division
Firozpur railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It was formed on 14 April 1852 and its headquarters are located at Firozpur in the state of Punjab, India.

Delhi railway division, Ambala railway division, Lucknow NR railway division and Moradabad railway division are the other railway divisions under NR Zone headquartered at New Delhi.

Among all the divisions of Northern Railway zone, Firzopur railway division has some of the dirtiest and most ill maintained trains, and is also infamous for haphazard non-sequential coach compositions. This has been a cause of grave concern for many passengers.
Palatine aponeurosis
The palatine aponeurosis a thin, firm, fibrous lamella which gives strength and support to soft palate. It serves as the insertion for the tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini, and the origin for the musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and palatoglossus.

The palatine aponeurosis is attached to the posterior margin of the hard palate. It is thicker anteriorly and thinner posteriorly. Posteriorly, it blends with the posterior muscular part of the soft palate. Posteroinferiorly, it presents a cruved free margin from which the uvula is suspended. Laterally, it is continuous with the pharyngeal aponeurosis.

Palatopharyngeus muscle
The palatopharyngeus (palatopharyngeal or pharyngopalatinus) muscle is a small muscle in the roof of the mouth.

It is a long, fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the palatopharyngeal arch.
Fort Union (Utah)
Fort Union, historically Union, is a major commercial area and an early settlement in the Salt Lake Valley of Utah that is now split between the municipalities of Midvale, Cottonwood Heights, and Sandy. The fort after which the area was named was built early (1853) in the Salt Lake Valley's post-1847 history at a strategic point where escarpments on either side of the Little Cottonwood Creek valley create a narrow gateway to the upper valley and Little Cottonwood Canyon beyond. The effects of geography on travel through the area have also contributed to the area's much more recent success as a retail and employment destination.

Salt Lake Valley
The Salt Lake Valley (also known as the Jordan Valley)
is a 500-square-mile (1,300 km2) valley in Salt Lake County in the north-central portion of the U.S. state of Utah. It contains Salt Lake City and many of its suburbs, notably Murray, Sandy, South Jordan, West Jordan, and West Valley City; its total population is 1,029,655 as of 2010.

Brigham Young said, "this is the right place," when he and his fellow Mormon settlers moved into Utah after being driven out of several states.
BCK algebra
In mathematics, BCI and BCK algebras are algebraic structures in universal algebra, which were introduced by Y. Imai,  K. Iséki and S. Tanaka in 1966, that describe fragments of the propositional calculus involving implication known as BCI and BCK logics.

Universal algebra
Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures in general, not specific types of algebraic structures.
For instance, rather than considering groups or rings as the object of study—this is the subject of group theory and ring theory— in universal algebra, the object of study is the possible types of algebraic structures and their relationships.
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas. An FTIR spectrometer collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.

The term Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy originates from the fact that a Fourier transform (a mathematical process) is required to convert the raw data into the actual spectrum.

Monochromator
A monochromator is an optical device that transmits a mechanically selectable narrow band of wavelengths of light or other radiation chosen from a wider range of wavelengths available at the input. The name is from Greek  mono- 'single'  chroma 'colour' and Latin  -ator 'denoting an agent'.
European route E59
European route E 59 is a north-south Class-A intermediate European route. It begins in Prague, Czech Republic, passes through Vienna, Austria and Maribor, Slovenia, ending near Zagreb, Croatia. The total length of the route is 644 km (400 mi). The E59 largely consists of motorways but some sections are developed either as expressways or two-lane roads with at-grade intersections. The motorway sections are generally tolled through varying systems and rates. Individual segments of the E59 route are shared with several other European routes. Originally, the route extended through Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina to Split, Croatia.

Autobahns of Austria
The Austrian autobahns are  controlled-access highways in Austria. They are officially called Bundesstraßen A (Bundesautobahnen) under the authority of the Federal Government according to the Austrian Federal Road Act (Bundesstraßengesetz), not to be confused with the former Bundesstraßen highways maintained by the Austrian states since 2002. The allowed topspeed is 130 km/h for cars up to 3500 kg.
Curtiss L
The Curtiss L is the first in a series of 503 cu in (8.2 L) water-cooled V8 engines, produced by the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company.

Early Curtiss engines were air-cooled, but in pursuit of greater power, Curtiss began developing liquid-cooled designs. Historical records indicate a Model L engine was fitted to a Curtiss built monoplane which was displayed, but not flown, at the 1910 Gordon Bennett race at Belmont Park, New York. It is also likely that a Model L engine powered the aircraft that crashed in Macon, Georgia, in 1912, resulting in the death of the aviator Eugene Burton Ely.

Continued development of Curtiss's 503 cu in (8.2 L) V8 series eventual lead to the commercially successful Curtiss OX-5 engines which were built in large numbers during World War I.

Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
The Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company (1909–1929) was an American aircraft manufacturer originally founded by Glenn Hammond Curtiss and Augustus Moore Herring in Hammondsport, New York. After significant commercial success in its first decades, it merged with the Wright Aeronautical to form Curtiss-Wright Corporation.
Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space
The Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space (DG DEFIS) is a department of the European Commission. It is under the control of the Commissioner for DEFIS, who is as of the Second von der Leyen Commission, Andrius Kubilius. As of June 2025, the Director-General of DEFIS was Timo Pesonen.

European Union Agency for the Space Programme
The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) is a space agency, managing the European Union Space Programme as one of the agencies of the European Union (EU). It was initially created as the European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Supervisory Authority (GSA) in 2004, reorganised into the European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency (also GSA or GNSS Agency) in 2010, and established in its current form on May 12, 2021. EUSPA is a separate entity from the European Space Agency (ESA), although the two entities work together closely.
Five percent hurdle
The five percent hurdle (German: Fünf Prozent Hürde), also called the five percent clause, is the best known and most widely used electoral threshold for elections in Germany. Similar regulations exist in other countries with proportional representation.

Basic mandate clause
The Basic mandate clause (German: Grundmandatsklausel) in proportional representation systems linked to direct elections stipulates that a political party will be considered in the allocation of seats according to its share of the vote if it wins a specified minimum number of direct mandates. These required direct mandates are the basic mandates.
Cedric Foo
Cedric Foo Chee Keng (Chinese: 符致镜; pinyin: Fú Zhìjìng; born 16 July 1960) is a Singaporean business executive and former politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he was the Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Pioneer division of West Coast Group Representation Constituency between 2001 and 2011, and Pioneer Single Member Constituency between 2011 and 2020.

Lists of members of parliament in Singapore
The following are lists of members of parliament in Singapore:

1st Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1965

2nd Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1968

3rd Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1972

4th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1977

5th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1981

6th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1985

7th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1989

8th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1992

9th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1997

10th Parliament of Singapore, 2002

11th Parliament of Singapore, 2006

List of members of the 12th Parliament of Singapore, 2011

List of members of the 13th Parliament of Singapore, 2016

14th Parliament of Singapore, 2020

15th Parliament of Singapore, 2025