hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ryukyu Disposition
The Ryukyu Disposition (琉球処分, Ryūkyū shobun; Okinawan:Rūchū shubun), also called the Ryukyu Annexation (琉球併合, Ryūkyū heigō) or the annexation of Okinawa, was the political process during the early years of the Meiji period that saw the incorporation of the former Ryukyu Kingdom into the Empire of Japan as Okinawa Prefecture (i.e., one of Japan's "home" prefectures) and its decoupling from the Chinese tributary system. These processes began with the creation of the Ryukyu Domain in 1872 and culminated in the kingdom's annexation and final dissolution in 1879; immediate diplomatic fallout and consequent negotiations with Qing China, brokered by Ulysses S. Grant, effectively came to an end late the following year. The term is also sometimes used more narrowly in relation to the events and changes of 1879 alone. The Ryūkyū Disposition has been "alternatively characterized as aggression, annexation, national unification, or internal reform".

Matsuda Michiyuki
Matsuda Michiyuki (松田 道之; 22 June 1839 – 6 July 1882) was a Japanese bureaucrat and statesman, active in the Meiji period of Imperial Japan.

Matsuda was governor of Shiga Prefecture from 1871 to 1875, and governor of Tokyo from 1879 to 1882.

Matsuda was sent to Ryukyu in 1879. He abolished the Ryukyu Domain and declared the creation of Okinawa Prefecture in the same year.
Lutosławice Rządowe
Lutosławice Rządowe [lutɔswaˈvit͡sɛ ʐɔnˈdɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grabica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Grabica, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 33 km (21 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Grabica, Piotrków County
Grabica [ɡraˈbit͡sa] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Grabica. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north-west of Piotrków Trybunalski and 33 km (21 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 390.
David George Hitlin
David George Hitlin (born 15 April 1942) is a professor at the California Institute of Technology, specializing in experimental particle physics.

He was educated at Columbia University, where he received his B.A. in 1963, and Ph.D. in 1968.

In 1986 he was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society for contributions to the study of weak decays of K mesons, particularly measurements of CP violating parameters and form factors, and for measurements of hadronic states produced in the decay of the psi meson and detailed studies of the weak decays of charmed particles". In 2016 he was awarded their Panofsky Prize "for leadership in the BABAR and Belle experiments, which established the violation of CP symmetry in B meson decay, and furthered our understanding of quark mixing and quantum chromodynamics." His co-awardees were Drs. Jonathan Dorfan, Fumihiko Takasaki, and Stephen L. Olsen.

Panofsky Prize
The Panofsky Prize in Experimental Particle Physics is an annual prize of the American Physical Society. It is given to recognize and encourage outstanding achievements in experimental particle physics, and is open to scientists of any nation. It was established in 1985 by friends of Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky and by the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society. Panofsky was a physics professor at Stanford University and the first director of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). Several of the prize winners have subsequently won the Nobel Prize in Physics. As of 2021, the prize included a $10,000 award.
Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze
Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze // ⓘ (18 January 1963 – 31 December 2007) was a Nigerian philosopher. Eze was a specialist in postcolonial philosophy. He wrote as well as edited influential postcolonial histories of philosophy in Africa, Europe, and the Americas.  He brought Immanuel Kant's racism to light among Western thinkers in the 1990s, an area of Kant's life that Western philosophers often gloss over. Influences in his own work include Paulin Hountondji, Richard Rorty, David Hume, and Immanuel Kant.

At the time of his death, Eze was Associate Professor of Philosophy at DePaul University, where he also founded and edited the journal Philosophia Africana . He died on December 31, 2007, in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania after a short illness.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Noel Crowley (dual player)
Andrew Noel Crowley (born 17 December 1951) is an Irish former hurler, Gaelic footballer and coach. At club level he played with Bandon, O'Donovan Rossa and divisional side Carbery, and also lined out at inter-county level with various Cork teams.

All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was a hurling competition organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland. The competition was originally contested by the second teams of the strong counties, and the first teams of the weaker counties. In the years from 1961 to 1973 and from 1997 until now, the strong counties have competed for the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition was then restricted to the weaker counties. The competition was discontinued after 2004 as these counties now compete for the Nicky Rackard Cup instead.

From 1974 to 1982, the original format of the competition was abandoned, and the competition was incorporated in Division 3 of the National Hurling League. The original format, including the strong hurling counties was re-introduced in 1983.
Holy Trinity Church, Berezhany
Holy Trinity Church (Ukrainian: Церква Пресвятої Трійці) is a historic Christian church, a Greek Catholic church in Berezhany, Ternopil Oblast, and an architectural monument of national importance. It is located on the local market square. The current church dates back to the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, when it was rebuilt between 1893 and 1903 on the initiative of priest Teofil Korduba, the parish priest at the time.

Berezhany
Berezhany (Ukrainian: Бережани [bereˈʒɑnɪ] ⓘ; Polish: Brzeżany; Yiddish: ברעזשאַן, romanized: Brezhan) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It lies about 50 km (31 mi) from the administrative center of the oblast, Ternopil. Berezhany hosts the administration of Berezhany urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 17,139 (2022 estimate).
Ege University Observatory
The Ege University Observatory (Turkish: Ege Üniversitesi Gözlemevi, EUO) is a ground-based astronomical observatory operated by the Astronomy and Space Sciences Department at Ege University's  Faculty of Science. Formally opened on June 22, 1965, it is located in Kurudağ at Buca district, 10 km (6.2 mi) east of İzmir in western Turkey. The telescope domes of the observatory are situated at an altitude of 800 m (2,600 ft) while the main building is erected at 632 m (2,073 ft).

The facility was officially renamed Ege University Observatory Application and Research Center (Turkish: Ege Üniversitesi Gözlemevi Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi) on August 12, 2009.

Buca
Buca (/buːdʒə/, Turkish pronunciation: [budʒa]) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 178 km2, and its population is 523,193 (2024). It is the biggest district of İzmir Province as terms of population. It covers the southeastern part of the agglomeration of İzmir and the adjacent countryside.
Kitten's Joy Stakes
The Kitten's Joy Stakes is a Listed American Thoroughbred horse race for horses three years old at the distance of one and one-sixteenths mile on the turf held annually in late January or early February at Gulfstream Park, Hallandale Beach, Florida.  The event currently carries a purse of $175,000.

Hallandale Beach, Florida
Hallandale Beach (formerly known simply as Hallandale) is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is named after Luther Halland, the son of a Swedish worker for Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad. It is also part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2023 census, its population was 41,547.

The city is known as the home of Gulfstream Park (horse racing and casino) and Big Easy Casino, a greyhound racing track, which hosts the World Classic. It also has a sizable downtown financial district with banks, brokerage houses, and restaurants. Together with neighbouring Hollywood, Florida, it is a popular center for Canadian tourists, leading to its description as "Canada's southernmost city."
Bettman Preserve
The Bettman Preserve, owned and operated by the Cincinnati Park Board, is a city park in the neighborhoods of Evanston and Hyde Park in Cincinnati, Ohio on Beech Lane. The preserve contains several acres of woodland, and the Bettman Natural Resource Center is home to the city park board's nature education program and library archives. The park was donated in 1977 to the city by Mrs. Arthur M. Bettman, and dedicated to her late husband, a local business leader.

Cincinnati Park Board
The Cincinnati Park Board (officially the Cincinnati Board of Park Commissioners) maintains and operates all city parks in Cincinnati, Ohio. Established in 1911 with the purchase of 168 acres (0.68 km2), today the board services more than 5,000 acres (20 km2) of city park space. The board receives its funding from the city, state and federal grants, as well as private endowments. In 1932 the Cincinnati Zoo was purchased by the city and placed under the management of the board.
Warus Quta (Loayza)
Warus Quta (Aymara warusa grey-brown, quta lake, "grey-brown lake", also spelled Barrus Kkota) is a lake in the Kimsa Cruz mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Loayza Province, Cairoma Municipality. Warus Quta lies between the mountains Taruja Umaña in the west and Mama Uqllu in the east. The river Taruj Umaña originates near the lake. It flows to the west and then to the north-west as an affluent of the La Paz River.

Mama Uqllu (Bolivia)
Mama Uqllu (Hispanicized spelling Mama Occllo, Mama Ocllo, Mama Okllo), also Puntiagudo (Spanish for sharp pointed), is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes, about 5,281 metres (17,326 ft) high. It lies in the northern part of the Kimsa Cruz mountain range, south of the mountain Kalsunani (Calzonani) and west of Taruja Umaña. It is situated in the La Paz Department, at the border of the Inquisivi Province, Quime Municipality, and the Loayza Province, Cairoma Municipality, north of the village of Viloco.
Governor of Biliran
The governor of Biliran (Filipino: Punong Lalawigan ng Biliran) is the local chief executive of the Philippine province of Biliran.  The governor holds office at the Biliran Provincial Capitol located at Brgy. Calumpang, Naval, Biliran. Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the governor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former governor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice governor becomes the governor.

The current governor is Rogelio J. Espina who was elected during the last May 13, 2019 local elections. He previously served as governor for 3 consecutive terms from 2001 to 2010.

Biliran
Biliran, officially the Province of Biliran (Waray-Waray: Probinsya han Biliran; Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Biliran; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Biliran), is an island province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region (Region VIII). Biliran is one of the country's smallest and newest provinces. Formerly a sub-province of Leyte, it became an independent province in 1992.

Biliran lies less than a kilometer north of the island of Leyte. A bridge-causeway fixed link over Poro Island in the gateway town of Biliran connects the province to Leyte.  Its capital is the municipality of Naval on the western coast of the island which is the most populous in the province.
2013 Women's Asian Champions Trophy
The 2013 Women's Asian Champions Trophy was the third edition of the Women's Asian Champions Trophy. The tournament was held in  Kakamigahara, Japan. Four Asian teams (China, India, Japan and Malaysia) participated in the tournament, which involved round-robin league among all teams followed by play-offs for final positions.

Japan won the tournament for their first title after defeating India 1–0 in the final.

Women's Asian Champions Trophy
The Women's Asian Champions Trophy is a biennial women's international field hockey competition contested by the best six women's national teams of the member associations of Asian Hockey Federation.

The tournament has been won by three teams. India and South Korea have the most wins with three titles each. In 2021, the tournament expanded to six teams.
Gattendorfiinae
Gattendorfiinae is one of two subfamilies of the Gattendorfiidae family, a member of the Goniatitida order. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.

Gattendorfiidae
Gattendorfiidae is one of seven families of the superfamily Prionoceratoidea, a member of the Goniatitida order. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.
Bud Luckey
William Everett "Bud" Luckey (July 28, 1934 – February 24, 2018) was an American animator, cartoonist, illustrator, musician, singer and voice actor. He worked at the animation studio Pixar, where he worked as a character designer on a number of films, including Toy Story, Toy Story 2, A Bug's Life, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo, Cars and Ratatouille. Luckey was also the voice of Rick Dicker in The Incredibles, Chuckles the Clown in Toy Story 3 and Eeyore in Winnie the Pooh (2011).

In 2004, Luckey directed and wrote the Pixar short film Boundin', for which he also composed music and performed as the solo singer and narrator. It won the Annie Award and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.

Luckey continued to work as a performer of character voices in both Disney and Pixar films until his retirement in 2014.

Jimmy T. Murakami
Teruaki "Jimmy" Murakami (村上輝明, Murakami Teruaki; June 5, 1933 – February 16, 2014) was an American animator and film director with a long career working in numerous countries. Among his best-known works are the animated adaptations of the Raymond Briggs books When the Wind Blows and The Snowman. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for The Magic Pear Tree (1968).
Fyodor Dobronravov
Fyodor Viktorovich Dobronravov (Russian: Фёдор Викторович Добронравов; born 11 September 1961) is a Soviet and Russian stage and cinema actor, Honored Artist of Russia (2002), People's Artist of Russia (2011). He is an actor, known for Kadetstvo (TV series 2006 - 2007), Playing the Victim (film) (2006) and The end of the Belle Époque (2015). In 2006-2015, he was one of the main actors of the sketch show 6 kadrov.

Merited Artist of the Russian Federation
Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации, Zasluzhenny artist Rossiyskoy Federatsii), also known as Honored Artist of Russia, is an honorary title in the Russian Federation. The title is awarded to actors, directors, filmmakers, writers, dancers, and singers for exceptional achievements in the arts.

The honorary title was originally modeled after the German honorific title for distinguished opera singers. Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in). In Imperial Russia before 1917, several stars of stage and film were honored with the title "Imperial singer", but after the October Revolution of 1917, the new regime made changes and established the title of the Merited Artist of Russia (Russian SFSR and Soviet Union).

After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russian president Boris Yeltsin created a new award, first presented on 30 December 1995.
2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup
The 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup was the 59th season of the North, Central America, and the Caribbean's premier club football tournament organized by CONCACAF, and the first since it was rebranded as the CONCACAF Champions Cup. This was the first season under a new format featuring 27 teams and a five-round knockout phase.

Pachuca won their sixth title, defeating Columbus Crew of MLS in the final 3–0. As winners, they qualified for the 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup, held in December. Pachuca also qualified for the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States, alongside the 2021 winners Monterrey, the 2022 winners Seattle Sounders FC, and the 2023 winners León. However, due to Pachuca and León sharing the same ownership, León was later disqualified from the tournament.

CONCACAF Caribbean Cup
The CONCACAF Caribbean Cup is an international association football competition organized by CONCACAF as its top regional tournament for clubs from the Caribbean.
Beginning with the inaugural edition in 2023, the new competition serves as a qualification method for the CONCACAF Champions Cup. It is the successor of the Caribbean Club Championship which ran from 1997 to 2022.

The top three clubs from the Caribbean Cup qualify for the Champions Cup, with the winner entering the round of 16 and second and third-place finishers entering in round one.
WNBS
WNBS (1340 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Classic Hits format. Licensed to and serving Murray, Kentucky, United States, the station is currently owned by Forever Communications, Inc. and features programming from CBS News Radio, Fox Sports Radio, and Westwood One.

Murray State University
Murray State University (MSU) is a public university in Murray, Kentucky, United States. In addition to the main campus in Calloway County in southwestern Kentucky, Murray State operates extended campuses offering upper-level and graduate courses in Paducah, Hopkinsville, Madisonville, and Henderson.
Kraurya
Kraurya (transl. Cruelty) is a 1996 Indian Kannada language drama film directed by Girish Kasaravalli, based on a story written by T. N. Seetharam about an old woman who has to deal with complex relationships with people of different generations she is put up with. The title in Kannada literally means "cruelty". The cast includes Renukamma Murugodu in the lead role as Rangajji, and supporting roles played by Vishwas, H. G. Dattatreya and T. V. Gurumurthy.

The film won two awards at the 43rd National Film Awards - Best Feature Film in Kannada and Best Child Artist (Vishwas).

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Joe Wiegand
Joe Wiegand (born April 15, 1965) is an impersonator who has portrayed U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt after a career as a political consultant. Wiegand performed at the White House on October 27, 2008, as part of the celebration of the 150th anniversary of Roosevelt's birth. In 2012 he was the model for a Theodore Roosevelt sculpture commissioned by the American Museum of Natural History. He has performed in all 50 States.  In 2024 Wiegand joined the cast of the Medora Musical in Medora, North Dakota to portray Roosevelt.  Wiegand is a member and contributor of the Theodore Roosevelt Association.

Medora Musical
The Medora Musical is a musical revue produced each summer at the open-air Burning Hills Amphitheater near Medora, North Dakota. The musical is a look back at the "Wild West" days of the region and includes references to Theodore Roosevelt, who spent time in western North Dakota, including in the nearby Theodore Roosevelt National Park.

The musical premiered at the amphitheater in the summer of 1965 and is the successor to earlier shows about Roosevelt.
Winchester Center Historic District
The Winchester Center Historic District encompasses the commercial and civic heart of Winchester, Massachusetts.  It is roughly bounded Mt. Vernon and Washington Streets, Waterfield Road, Church and Main Streets.  The district includes a number of Romanesque Revival buildings, including Winchester Town Hall and the Winchester Savings Bank building on Mount Vernon Street.  Noted architects who contributed to the district include Robert Coit and Asa Fletcher.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Winchester Savings Bank
The Winchester Savings Bank is a bank headquartered at 661 Main Street in Winchester, Massachusetts.

The bank is an independent, mutual, state-chartered institution with a mission of meeting the financial needs of the communities which it serves. The bank is directed by a board of trustees elected by the bank's corporators, a group of civic-minded, local individuals. Since the Bank is mutual, all profits from operations are reinvested in the bank.
Myrmekiaphila
Myrmekiaphila is a genus of North American mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Euctenizidae, and was first described by G. F. Atkinson in 1886. All described species are endemic to the southeastern United States.

Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was moved to the wafer trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Euctenizidae in 2012. Myrmekiaphila appears as the sister group to all southwestern Euctenizidae with the exception of Apomastus, which in turn is the sister group to all euctenizines. M. flavipes was transferred from Aptostichus in 2007.

Myrmekiaphila comstocki
Myrmekiaphila comstocki is a spider in the family Euctenizidae ("wafer-lid trapdoor spiders"), in the infraorder Mygalomorphae ("mygalomorphs").
The distribution range of Myrmekiaphila comstocki includes the USA and Mexico.
Dimitri Petratos
Dimitrios Petratos (born 10 November 1992) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Indian Super League club Mohun Bagan.

Petratos has played for four different A-League clubs, winning one championship with Brisbane Roar. The majority of Petratos's career has been in the A-League. However, he has played in Malaysia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, before moving to India.

AIFF Super Cup
The AIFF Super Cup, popularly the Super Cup, is the annual premier cup football competition in India. It was founded on February 19, 2018 as a replacement for the Federation Cup. it is organised by the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The competition is open to all clubs in the Indian Super League and the I-League, the top two divisions of the Indian football league system respectively. The winners qualify for the AFC Champions League Two. Goa are the current holders, the first team to win the title thrice.