hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manuel de Góis
Manuel de Góis (1543–1597) was a Portuguese Jesuit philosopher and the director of the Commentarii Collegii Conimbricensis Societatis Iesu (Coimbra Jesuit College Commentaries), a series of eight volumes of commentaries on Aristotle published at Coimbra and Lisbon between 1592 and 1606.

Góis was born in Portel in 1543 to João Vagueiro and Maria Álvares. There are conflicting accounts of his education. He joined the Jesuits on 31 August 1560. By 1568, he was teaching the humanities at the University of Coimbra, where he met Luis de Molina. From 1574 to 1582, he taught philosophy. He died at Coimbra on 13 February 1597.

Góis's major philosophical works are the seven commentaries he contributed to the Commentarii Collegii Conimbricensis Societatis Iesu on Aristotle's Physics, Meteorology, Parva Naturalia, Ethics, On the Heavens, On the Soul and On Generation and Corruption. He also wrote an unpublished work, Utrum intellectus sit potentia nobilior voluntate, at Coimbra in 1582.

Luis de Molina
Luis de Molina SJ (29 September 1535 – 12 October 1600) was a Spanish Jesuit priest, jurist, economist and theologian renowned for his contributions to philosophy and economics within the framework of the second scholasticism.

A prominent member of the School of Salamanca, pioneered a distinctive theory of divine grace and human freedom known as Molinism, which defends human autonomy in the face of divine omniscience.

His pro-liberty perspectives influenced not only theological debates on free will but also extended to economic and political thought, making him an intellectual precursor to individual rights and market dynamics. His work in developing early economic principles, particularly regarding human action, voluntarism, and property rights, laid a foundation that later contributed to Austrian economic theory and the evolution of modern libertarian thought.
European Information Technologies Certification
The European Information Technologies Certification (EITC) programme is an international professional information and communications technology (ICT) knowledge and skills certification standard. It is developed and governed by the EITCI Institute, a non-profit organization based in Brussels that provides certification of individuals' knowledge and skills in narrow, specialized, single-subject areas of ICT such as office software, computer-aided project management, online collaboration systems, and raster graphics processing.

Professional certification
Professional certification, trade certification, or professional designation, often called simply certification or qualification, is a designation earned by a person to assure qualification to perform a job or task. Not all certifications that use post-nominal letters are an acknowledgement of educational achievement, or an agency appointed to safeguard the public interest.
2009 African Junior Athletics Championships
The 2009 African Junior Athletics Championships were held in Bambous, Mauritius from 30 July to 2 August. There were 40 events in total, of which 20 were contested by male athletes and 20 by female athletes. Multiple gold medallists Caster Semenya and Amaka Ogoegbunam broke championships records, but also created controversy at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics later that year. Semenya was asked to take a gender test and Ogoegbunam tested positive for anabolic steroids.

2009 World Championships in Athletics
The 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (German: Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaften 2009) were held in Berlin, Germany from 15 to 23 August 2009. The majority of events took place in the Olympiastadion, while the marathon and racewalking events started and finished at the Brandenburg Gate.
2020–21 UAE President's Cup
The 2020–21 UAE President's Cup was the 44th edition of the UAE President's Cup, following the cancellation of the 2019–20 UAE President's Cup due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Shabab Al Ahli won their tenth title after beating Al Nasr in the final.

2019–20 UAE President's Cup
The 2019–20 UAE President's Cup was the 44th edition of the UAE President's Cup, a football cup competition of the United Arab Emirates. The winner will qualify for the 2021 AFC Champions League. The tournament was cancelled along with the rest of the UAE league season.
Shobley
Shobley is a small hamlet in the New Forest National Park of Hampshire, England. Its nearest town is Ringwood, which lies approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) west from the hamlet. It is in the civil Parish of Ellingham, Harbridge and Ibsley.

Ringwood, Hampshire
Ringwood is a market town in south-west Hampshire, England, on the River Avon close to the New Forest, northeast of Bournemouth and southwest of Southampton. It was founded by the Anglo-Saxons, and has held a weekly market since the Middle Ages.
Prince Gaetano of Bourbon-Parma
Prince Gaetano of Bourbon-Parma (11 June 1905 – 9 March 1958) was the youngest son of Robert I, the last reigning Duke of Parma and of his second wife Maria Antonia of Portugal. A prince of the House of Bourbon-Parma, he was educated in Austria, France, and Luxembourg. Prince Gaetan fought in the Spanish Civil War where he was wounded six times. In 1940, he enlisted in the U.S. Army, took part in the Normandy landings and made the campaign of France. He died at age 52 in a car accident near Cannes. He left a daughter from his marriage to Princess Margarete of Thurn und Taxis.

House of Bourbon-Parma
The House of Bourbon-Parma (Italian: Casa di Borbone di Parma) is an Italian cadet branch of the Spanish royal family, whose members once ruled as King of Etruria and as Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Guastalla, and Lucca. The House descended from the French Capetian dynasty in male line. Its name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name (Bourbon) and the other (Parma) from the title of Duke of Parma. The title was held by the Spanish Bourbons, as the founder Philip, Duke of Parma who was the great-grandson of Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, married Louise Élisabeth of France, getting the house of Bourbon, and the state of Parma, together.
The House of Bourbon-Parma is today the Sovereign House of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (agnatically) and all members of the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg are members of the House of Bourbon-Parma with the title of "Princes/Princesses" and the predicate of Royal Highness.
Stephen McKay
Stephen Douglas McKay (born 3 May 1968) is a British academic and since 2013 the first Distinguished Professor of Social Research at the University of Lincoln. McKay is one of Britain's foremost social policy researchers, his work having helped to redefine how poverty is measured.

Economic and Social Research Council
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding and support for research and training in the social sciences. It is the UK's largest organisation for funding research on economic and social issues.
Richard Abel (cultural historian)
Richard Abel is Professor Emeritus of International Film and Media in the Department of Film, Television, and Media at the University of Michigan. He is a specialist in the history of silent film and pioneered the academic study of French silent film in the United States. Abel has authored numerous books and articles on a wide variety of topics including the rise and eclipse of French cinema, the early history of the U.S. cinema industry, early film exhibition, the emergence of film culture in newspapers, the contributions of early women writers and critics, and, more recently, the role of early westerns in re-enacting settler colonialism.

Film studies
Film studies is an academic discipline that deals with various theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to cinema as an art form and a medium. It is sometimes subsumed within media studies and is often compared to television studies.

Film studies is less concerned with advancing proficiency in film production than it is with exploring the narrative, artistic, cultural, economic, and political implications of the cinema. In searching for these social-ideological values, film studies takes a series of critical approaches for the analysis of production, theoretical framework, context, and creation. Also, in studying film, possible careers include critic or production. Overall the study of film continues to grow, as does the industry on which it focuses.

Academic journals publishing film studies work include Sight and Sound, Film Comment, Film International, CineAction, Screen, Journal of Cinema and Media Studies, Film Quarterly, and Journal of Film and Video.
1996 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The 1996 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament was the 15th annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division II women's  collegiate basketball in the United States.

Three-time defending  champions North Dakota State defeated Shippensburg in the championship game, 104–78, to claim the Bison's fifth NCAA Division II national title. This was North Dakota State's fifth title in six years and fourth of four consecutive titles for the Bison.

The championship rounds were contested in Fargo, North Dakota.

NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament (officially styled as "Championship" instead of "Tournament") is an annual tournament to determine the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II women's college basketball national champion.

Basketball was one of 12 women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981–82 school year, as the NCAA and Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) sought for sole governance of women's collegiate athletics. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championships; however, after a year of dual women's championships at the national level, the AIAW disbanded.

The 2020 Elite Eight was due to be held at the Birmingham CrossPlex in Birmingham, AL before the NCAA called off the tournament due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

The field was reduced to 48 in 2021 and returned to the normal 64 in 2022.

Grand Valley State are the defending national champions, winning their second national title in 2025.
Unpowered aircraft
Unpowered aircraft can remain airborne for a significant period of time without onboard propulsion. They can be classified as gliders, lighter-than-air balloons and tethered kites. In the case of kites, lift is obtained by tethering to a fixed or moving object, perhaps another kite, to obtain a flow of wind over the lifting surfaces. In the case of balloons, lift is obtained through inherent buoyancy and the balloon may or may not be tethered. Free balloon flight has little directional control. Gliding aircraft include sailplanes, hang gliders, and paragliders that have full directional control in free flight.

Rotor kite
A rotor kite or gyrokite is an unpowered, rotary-wing aircraft. Like an autogyro or helicopter, it relies on lift created by one or more sets of rotors in order to fly. Unlike a helicopter, gyrokites and rotor kites do not have an engine powering their rotors, but while an autogyro has an engine providing forward thrust that keeps the rotor turning, a rotor kite has no engine at all, and relies on either being carried aloft and dropped from another aircraft, or by being towed into the air behind a car or boat or by use of ambient winds for the kiting. As of 2009, no country in the world requires a license to pilot such a craft.
Cardhu distillery
Cardhu distillery is a Speyside single malt Scotch whisky distillery near Archiestown, Moray, Scotland. It was founded in 1824 by whisky smuggler John Cumming and his wife Helen.

The distillery is run by Diageo and alongside the single malt Scotch, the distillery's whisky makes up an important part of the Johnnie Walker blended whiskies. The word "Cardhu" derives from the Scottish Gaelic Carn Dubh, meaning "Black Rock".

Speyside single malt
Speyside single malts are single malt Scotch whiskies, distilled in Strathspey, the area around the River Spey in Moray and Badenoch and Strathspey, in northeastern Scotland.

The two best-selling single malt whiskies in the world, The Glenlivet and Glenfiddich, come from Speyside. Strathspey has the greatest number of distilleries of any of the whisky-producing areas of Scotland. Dufftown alone has six working distilleries with an annual capacity of 40.4 million litres of spirit.
Christopher Columbus (1949 film)
Christopher Columbus is a 1949 British biographical film starring Fredric March as Christopher Columbus and Florence Eldridge as Queen Isabella. It is loosely based on the 1941 novel Columbus by Rafael Sabatini with much of the screenplay rewritten by Sydney and Muriel Box.

Columbus (novel)
Columbus is a romantic adventure novel by the British writer Rafael Sabatini which was first published in 1941. It depicts the life of Christopher Columbus at the Spanish court, his voyages across the Atlantic Ocean in which he discovered the Americas and his relationship with the mother of his second son Beatriz Enríquez de Arana, whom he never married.

Sabatini had originally been commissioned to write a screenplay for a planned film of Columbus around 1939. The project was continually delayed, and in 1941 Sabatini published his story as a novel instead. The story is in the style of his previous works Captain Blood and The Sea Hawk, which had already been adapted into hit films, and portrayed Columbus as a swashbuckler.
Jōdo-ji (Onomichi)
Jōdo-ji (浄土寺) is a temple of Shingon Buddhism in Onomichi, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As a site sacred to the boddhisattva Kannon, it is the 9th temple on the Chūgoku 33 Kannon Pilgrimage. The temple, built at the end of the Kamakura period, is noted for two national treasures: the temple's main hall (hondō) and the treasure pagoda (tahōtō). In addition it holds a number of Important Cultural Property structures and artworks.

Chūgoku 33 Kannon Pilgrimage
The Chūgoku 33 Kannon Pilgrimage (中国三十三観音霊場, Chūgoku Sanjūsan Kannon Reijō) is one of a number of traditional Buddhist pilgrimage routes in Japan. The route includes 33 sites sacred to the boddhisattva Kannon, across the Chūgoku region (Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Shimane and Tottori prefectures). The 33 Kannon were selected in 1981.
Craig Mackail-Smith
Craig Anthony Robert Mackail-Smith (born 25 February 1984) is a retired professional footballer who played as a striker. He is head of performance at Woking.

He played in the English Football League for Brighton & Hove Albion, Luton Town, Peterborough United, Wycombe Wanderers, Notts County and Stevenage, and at senior international level for the Scotland national team.

PFA Team of the Year
The Professional Footballers' Association Team of the Year (often called the PFA Team of the Year, or simply the Team of the Year) is an annual award given to a set of 55 footballers across the top four tiers of men's English football: the Premier League, the Championship, League One and League Two, as well as the top tier of women's football:  the Women's Super League.

The award has been presented to men since the 1973–74 season and women since the 2013–14 season. The shortlist is compiled by the members of the players' trade union, the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA), in January of every year, with the winners then being voted for by the other players in their respective divisions.

The award is regarded by players in the Football League as the highest accolade available to them, due to it being picked by their fellow professionals.
Tokyo subway
Two major subway systems (Japanese: 地下鉄, Hepburn: chikatetsu) operate in Tokyo: the Tokyo Metro and the Toei Subway. Most of the network is located in the 23 special wards, with portions extending into Chiba and Saitama Prefectures. The subways are one part of Greater Tokyo's passenger rail network, with through service further connecting the subway to suburban railways in Western Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefecture.

Ginza Line
The Ginza Line (銀座線, Ginza-sen), officially designated as Line 3 Ginza Line (3号線銀座線, San-gō-sen Ginza-sen), is a subway line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by Tokyo Metro.  The line spans 14.3 km (8.9 mi) and serves the wards of Shibuya, Minato, Chūō, Chiyoda, and Taitō.

It is the oldest subway line in Asia, opening in 1927 and originally operated by the Tokyo Underground Railway, later jointly operated with the Tokyo Rapid Railway.

The line is named after the Ginza commercial district in Chūō, through which it passes. On maps, diagrams, and signage, the line is color-coded orange, and its stations are identified by the letter "G" followed by a specific number.
Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front
The Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front (Afar: Qafar Uguugumoh Demokrasiyyoh Inkiinoh Fooca; abbreviated ARDUF) is an Afar political party in Ethiopia, founded in 1993. It had been a member of the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces (UEDF) coalition opposition party.

Its name is often simplified to just Uguugumo (also spelled Uguguma or Ugogomo), meaning "Revolution", a term sometimes reserved for its militant wing and often confused as being a separate organization that is simply closely tied to ARDUF.

People's Front for Democracy and Justice
The People's Front for Democracy and Justice (Tigrinya: ህዝባዊ ግንባር ንደሞክራስን ፍትሕን, PFDJ) is the founding and sole ruling party of the State of Eritrea. The successor to the Marxist–Leninist Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), the PFDJ regards itself as a left-wing nationalist party, though it holds itself open to nationalists of any political affiliation. The leader of the party and current President of Eritrea is Isaias Afwerki. The PFDJ has been described as totalitarian, and under its rule Eritrea reached the status of the least electorally democratic country in Africa according to V-Dem Democracy indices in 2023.
1987 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1987 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 24th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as defending champions; however, they were defeated by Tipperary in the Munster semi-final.

On 28 June 1987, Donegal won the championship following a 1–12 to 2–4 defeat of Kerry in an All-Ireland final replay. This was their second All-Ireland title overall and their first in five championship seasons; the following players won the Sam Maguire Cup with their county in 1992: Manus Boyle, John Cunningham, John Joe Doherty, Barry McGowan and Tommy Ryan; Boyle scored 1–7 in the final; Sean Bonner (brother of Declan) was in the full-back line; the losing Kerry team featured Mick Galwey, who scored a goal.

1986 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1986 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 23rd staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as defending champions.

On 14 September 1986, Cork won the championship following a 3-16 to 0-12 defeat of Offaly in the All-Ireland final. This was their seventh All-Ireland title overall and their third in successive seasons.
Special Tony Award
The Special Tony Award category includes the Lifetime Achievement Tony Award and the Special Tony Award. These are non-competitive honorary awards, and the titles have changed over the years. The Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre is to "honor an individual for the body of their work." (The Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event was a competitive award, given from 2001 to 2009.) Another non-competitive Tony award is the Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre, to "recognize the achievements of individuals and organizations that do not fit into any of the competitive categories."

Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event
The Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event was awarded from 2001 to 2009 to live theatrical productions that were not plays or musicals. The category was created after the 2000 controversy of Contact winning Best Musical; the show used pre-recorded music and featured no singing. The category was retired in 2009 allowing the shows that were previously eligible for it to be eligible in Best Play or Best Musical categories, if they met the proper criteria. The shows are also now eligible in other creative categories.

In 1999 and 2000 a Special Tony Award for a Live Theatrical Presentation was awarded which may be seen as the precursor of the Best Special Theatrical Event award and is generally included in this award's listing.
Carbon, Iowa
Carbon is a city in Douglas Township, Adams County, Iowa, United States. The population was 36 at the 2020 census.

Other places in Iowa have been named Carbon: there was a Carbon Post Office in Davis County, six miles south of Ottumwa, that operated for less than a year in 1881.  There was also a Carbon Post Office in Webster County, three miles south-east of Fort Dodge, that operated from 1870 to 1872. A post office on the latter location was known as Gypsum from 1902 to 1905.

Fort Dodge, Iowa
Fort Dodge is a city in and the county seat of Webster County, Iowa, United States, along the Des Moines River. The population was 24,871 in the 2020 census, a decrease from 25,136 in 2000. Fort Dodge is a major commercial center for North Central and Northwest Iowa. It is located on U.S. Routes 20 and 169.
Scéla Cano meic Gartnáin
The Scéla Cano meic Gartnáin (English: The Story of Cano mac Gartnáin) is an Old Irish prose tale of the ninth century or later. It forms part of the Cycles of the Kings.

It deals with the exile and return of Cano mac Gartnáin in sixth century Scotland. The tale involves historical figures such as Cano himself; Gartnán or Gartnait his father; Áedán mac Gabráin, the king of Dal Riada; Diarmait and Blathmac, sons of Áed Sláine; Guaire Aidne of the Uí Fiachrach, the king of Connacht and father of Cano's true love Créd.

The Irish annals contain a number of entries which may suggest that there is a kernel of truth behind the literary invention in the surviving tale, although Cano Garb mac Gartnáin, Guaire Aidne and the sons of Áed Sláine flourished more than half a century after Áedán mac Gabráin.

Kuno Meyer
Kuno Meyer (20 December 1858 – 11 October 1919) was a German scholar, distinguished in the field of Celtic philology and literature. His pro-German stance at the start of World War I in the United States was a source of controversy. His brother was the distinguished classical scholar, Eduard Meyer.

Meyer was considered first and foremost a lexicographer among Celtic scholars but is known by the general public in Ireland rather as the man who introduced them to Selections from Ancient Irish Poetry (1911).

He founded and edited four journals devoted to Celtic Studies, published numerous texts and translations of Old and Middle Irish romances and sagas, and wrote prolifically, his topics ranging to name origins and ancient law.