hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colla–Inca War
The Colla–Inca War or Incan conquest of the Colla Kingdom was a military conflict fought between the Inca Empire and the Colla Kingdom between 1445 and 1450. It is one of the first wars of conquest led by Pachacuti.

The Colla chiefdom was a powerful polity in the altiplano area, covering a large territory. However, multiple chiefs, possibly semi-autonomous, most likely ruled over the territory.

The war took place following the conquest of Sora and Chanka territories, in the context of longer lasting conflicts between Incas and Collas, which started with the reign of Viracocha Inca.

It established Inca dominance in the Andean Altiplano, and made the Inca an important entity in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes. Inca dominance was contested during the beginning of Inca rule however, several revolts having threatened Inca power.

Aymara lordships
The Aymara lordships, Aymara kingdoms,  or lake kingdoms were a group of native polities that flourished towards the Late Intermediate Period, after the fall of the Tiwanaku Empire, whose societies were geographically located in the Qullaw. They were developed between 1150 and 1477, before the kingdoms disappeared due to the military conquest of the Inca Empire. But the current Aymara population is estimated at two million located in the countries of Bolivia, Peru, Chile and Argentina. They used the Aymara and Puquina languages.
Galeras, Sucre
Galeras is a town and municipality located in the Sucre Department, northern Colombia. The main economic activities are agriculture and cattle raising. Galeras is 50 km away from the department's capital, Sincelejo.

Sincelejo
Sincelejo (Spanish pronunciation: [sinseˈlexo]) is the capital and largest city of the Colombian department of Sucre in the Caribbean region. It is also the capital of the department's subregion, Sabanas, and is the 25th largest city by population of the country. It is located 30 kilometers from the Caribbean Sea at the Gulf of Morrosquillo, 125 kilometers from Cartagena, and 200 kilometers from Barranquilla.
Jimmy Smyth (Gaelic footballer)
James Smyth (born 1949) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played for the Clan na Gael club and at senior level for the Armagh county team. A schoolteacher by profession, he captained Armagh in the All-Ireland Final of 1977.

Armagh Senior Football Championship
The Armagh Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by top-tier Armagh GAA clubs. The Armagh County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

Madden Raparees are the title holders (2024) defeating Cullyhanna in the 2025 final.
Pakistan national under-23 football team
The Pakistan U-23 national football team, also known as the Pakistan Olympic football team is a youth football team operated under the Pakistan Football Federation. The team represents Pakistan in international youth football competitions in the Summer Olympics, Asian Games and the South Asian Games (of which it has won the 2004 and 2006 editions), as well as any other under-23 and under-22 international football tournaments, such as the AFC U-23 Asian Cup.

2013 AFC U-22 Championship qualification
The 2013 AFC U-22 Championship qualification was the qualification tournament for the inaugural edition of the AFC U-22 Asian Cup. The qualifiers took place from 23 June to 3 July 2012, but were later changed to 2–10 June for Group D, due to Nepal's request. The matches were later rescheduled to start on 16 June and 3 July for Indonesia.
Bach House (Eisenach)
The Bach House in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, is a museum dedicated to the composer Johann Sebastian Bach who was born in the city. On its 600 m2 it displays around 250 original exhibits, among them a Bach music autograph. The core of the building complex is a half-timbered house, ca. 550 years old, which was mistakenly identified as Bach's birth house in the middle of the 19th century. In 1905, the Leipzig-based Neue Bachgesellschaft acquired the building. In 1907, it was opened as the first Bach museum.

Sing-Akademie zu Berlin
The Sing-Akademie zu Berlin, also known as the Berliner Singakademie, is a musical  (originally choral) society founded in Berlin in 1791 by Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch, harpsichordist to the court of Prussia, on the model of the 18th-century London Academy of Ancient Music.
Al Borges
Alan Anthony Borges (born October 8, 1955) is an American football coach. Borges is known for quarterback development having mentored Cade McNown and Jason Campbell, both first round NFL draft picks. Borges has been described as "one of the best offensive coordinators I've ever seen," by former Auburn head coach Pat Dye.

Pat Dye
Patrick Fain Dye (November 6, 1939 – June 1, 2020) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head football coach at East Carolina University (1974–1979), the University of Wyoming (1980), and Auburn University (1981–1992) compiling a career college football record of 153–62–5. While the head coach at Auburn, he led the team to four Southeastern Conference (SEC) championships and was named the SEC Coach of the Year three times. He served as the athletic director at Auburn from 1981 to 1991 and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2005. On November 19, 2005, the playing field at Auburn's Jordan-Hare Stadium was named "Pat Dye Field" in his honor.
Budawang Range
The Budawang Range, commonly called The Budawangs, a rugged mountain range within the Budawang National Park and the Morton National Park, are part of a spur off the Great Dividing Range and are located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.

The highest mountain in the range is Mount Budawang, which has an elevation of 1,129 metres (3,704 ft) above sea level.

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Censorship of Wikipedia
Wikipedia has been censored by governments including (but not limited to) Belarus, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Uzbekistan, United Kingdom and Venezuela. In some instances, there is widespread Internet censorship in general that includes Wikipedia content. Other measures prevent the viewing of specific content deemed offensive. Blocks are one of the tools that have been used to censor Wikipedia as well as targeting editors directly and making edits to articles themselves.

Governments were able to block access to individual articles until June 2015, when Wikipedia transitioned to HTTPS, forcing censors to choose whether to block the entire site.

Internet manipulation
Internet manipulation is the use of online digital technologies, including algorithms, social bots, and automated scripts, for commercial, social, military, or political purposes. Internet and social media manipulation are the prime vehicles for spreading disinformation due to the importance of digital platforms for media consumption and everyday communication. When employed for political purposes, internet manipulation may be used to steer public opinion, polarise citizens, circulate conspiracy theories, and silence political dissidents. Internet manipulation can also be done for profit, for instance, to harm corporate or political adversaries and improve brand reputation. Internet manipulation is sometimes also used to describe the selective enforcement of Internet censorship or selective violations of net neutrality.

Internet manipulation for propaganda purposes with the help of data analysis and internet bots in social media is called computational propaganda.
Leeuwen
Leeuwen is a former municipality consisting two villages of Beneden-Leeuwen and Boven-Leeuwen, now in the municipality of West Maas en Waal, in the Dutch province of Gelderland .

Leeuwen was a separate municipality until 1818, when it was merged with Wamel.

Boven-Leeuwen
Boven-Leeuwen is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of West Maas en Waal, and lies about 9 km east of Tiel. It is the protestant part of the former village of Leeuwen.
2024 Dubai World Cup
The 2024 Dubai World Cup was a horse race run at Meydan Racecourse in Dubai on 30 March 2024. It was the 28th running of the race. The total prize money for the race was $12 million, with the winner receiving $7.2 million.

Dubai World Cup
The Dubai World Cup (Arabic: كأس دبي العالمي) is a Thoroughbred horse race held annually since 1996 and contested at the Meydan Racecourse in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The race is operated by Emirates Racing Authority (ERA) and carries a purse of US$12 million.
Volodymyr Dantes
Volodymyr Ihorovych Hudkov (Ukrainian: Володимир Ігорович Гудков; born 28 June 1988), known professionally as Volodymyr Dantes (Володимир Дантес), is a Ukrainian singer, TV and radio personality. He is currently a solo-singer under the name of Dantes and was a member of the band "DiO.filmy"(Ukrainian: ДіО.Фільми).

Jerry Heil
Yana Oleksandrivna Shemaieva (sheh-MAH-ye-va; Ukrainian: Яна Олександрівна Шемаєва; born 21 October 1995), known professionally as Jerry Heil (JER-ree HAY-el, Ukrainian: Дже́ррі Гейл [ˈdʒɛr⁽ʲ⁾ːi ˈɦɛjl]), is a Ukrainian singer, songwriter and YouTuber. She began her career after launching her YouTube channel in 2012, publishing vlogs and musical covers.

Heil began her professional music career in 2017, releasing her debut extended play De mii dim (transl. Where's my home) with Vidlik Records. She later released the single "Okhrana otmiena" in 2019, which became a top five hit in Ukraine. Her debut studio album Ya yana (transl. I'm Yana) was later released in October 2019. Since starting her YouTube channel, Heil has accumulated more than 34.9 million views and 395 thousand subscribers. She represented Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 alongside Alyona Alyona with the song "Teresa & Maria".
Kaatskill Life
Kaatskill Life is a quarterly regional magazine covering the Catskills of New York. It has been published since its 1986 founding by the Delaware County Times in Delhi. Its most recent edition was published in 2022.

Its coverage area includes Otsego County as well as the more traditional Catskill counties of Delaware, Greene, Schoharie, Sullivan and Ulster. Articles in the magazine cover a wide range of subjects, from outdoor recreation and natural history of the region to local culture and history, often illustrated by color photographs.

"Kaatskill" is the original spelling of "Catskill" as used by the 17th Century Dutch settlers.

Sullivan County, New York
Sullivan County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 78,624. The county seat is Monticello. The county's name honors Major General John Sullivan, who was labeled at the time as a hero in the American Revolutionary War in part due to his successful campaign in destroying 40 Iroquois villages and chasing 5,000 of them out of the area (see Sullivan Expedition). The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

The county was the site of hundreds of Borscht Belt hotels and resorts, which had their heyday from the 1920s through the 1970s.

In 2010, the state's center of population was at the southern edge of Sullivan County.
Erichthonius Discovered by the Daughters of Cecrops (Jordaens)
Erichthonius Discovered by the Daughters of Cecrops is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Flemish painter Jacob Jordaens, from 1617. It is held  in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, in Antwerp.

The artist was then aged only 24 and still heavily influenced by Peter Paul Rubens, who had produced a version of the same scene in 1616. The work shows Hephaestus's son Erichthonius of Athens being discovered by the daughters of Cecrops I, derived from Ovid's Metamorphoses and the Library of Pseudo-Apollodorus. Jordaens returned to the same subject in 1640 in a work now in Vienna's Kunsthistorisches Museum.

Erichthonius Discovered by the Daughters of Cecrops (Rubens)
Erichthonios discovered by the daughters of Cecrops is a 1616 painting by Peter Paul Rubens. It shows Erichthonius of Athens discovered by the daughters of Cecrops, first king of Attica. It is now in the Liechtenstein Museum. In 1632, Rubens made another painting with the same theme; this painting is on display at the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, Sweden.
Chamaecostus
Chamaecostus is a group of flowering plants in the  Costaceae described as a genus in 2006. It is  endemic to South America.

Species

Chamaecostus congestiflorus - Venezuela, N Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana

Chamaecostus curcumoides - French Guiana

Chamaecostus cuspidatus - E Brazil

Chamaecostus fragilis - Colombia, N Brazil

Chamaecostus fusiformis - Pará

Chamaecostus lanceolatus - Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana

Chamaecostus subsessilis - Brazil, Bolivia

Chamaecostus cuspidatus
Chamaecostus cuspidatus, common name fiery costus or spiral flag, is a species of herbaceous plant in the family Costaceae native to eastern Brazil (States of Bahia and Espírito Santo). In India, it is known as insulin plant for its purported anti-diabetic properties.
Chamaecostus cuspidatus has large fleshy-looking leaves. The undersides of these large, smooth, dark green leaves have light purple shade. The leaves are spirally arranged around the stem, forming attractive, arching clumps arising from underground rootstocks. The maximum height of these plants is about two feet. The flowers are orange in color and are 1.5 in (3.8 cm) in diameter. Flowering occurs during the warm months and they appear to be cone-like heads at the tips of branches.
Hongkou Football Stadium station
Hongkou Football Stadium (Chinese: 虹口足球场; pinyin: Hóngkǒu Zúqiúchǎng) is an interchange station between Lines 3 and 8 on the Shanghai Metro. The station opened on 26 December 2000 as part of the initial section of Line 3 from Shanghai South Railway Station to Jiangwan Town; the interchange with Line 8 opened on 29 December 2007 as part of that line's initial section from Shiguang Road to Yaohua Road.

To interchange between these two lines it is unnecessary to exit the station and re-enter, though the platform for Line 3 is located above ground, while the platform for Line 8 is entirely underground, there has been escalators in the fare area since 2012, incorporated into the recently built Hongkou Plaza shopping mall.

Furthermore, the Line 3 platform has no barrier-free ground access, preventing transfers by disabled people without assistance.

Shiguang Road station
Shiguang Road (Chinese: 市光路; pinyin: Shìguāng Lù) is a Shanghai Metro station in the city's Yangpu District. The station is the current northern terminus of Line 8 and is located on Zhongyuan Road between Kailu Road and Shiguang Road.

The station was opened on 29 December 2007 as part of the first phase of Shanghai Metro Line 8 from Shiguang Road to Yaohua Road. There are two side platforms, one for passengers boarding trains, and the other for disembarking trains. As the northern terminus of the line, passengers must exit upon arrival. The train then proceeds north to the depot at Zhongyuan Road and Guowei Road, where it reverses and resumes service southbound.
Tostones
Tostones (Spanish pronunciation: [tosˈtones], from the Spanish verb tostar, "to toast") are twice-fried plantain slices commonly found in Latin American cuisine and Caribbean cuisine.

Most commonly known as tostones in Puerto Rico, Mexico, Nicaragua, Cuba, Honduras, Venezuela, and the Dominican Republic, they are also known as tachinos or chatinos in Cuba, bannann peze in Haiti, patacones in Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Costa Rica and  Peru  and sometimes patacón pisao in Colombia.

Caribbean cuisine
Caribbean cuisine is a fusion of West African, Creole, Amerindian, European, Latin American, Indian/South Asian, Chinese, Javanese/Indonesian, North American, and Middle Eastern cuisines. These traditions were brought from many countries when they moved to the Caribbean.
Nature Studies (manuscript)
Nature Studies is an album or codex containing 170 drawings dating principally from the 16th century made by various artists. The drawings are naturalistic depictions of plants, birds, animals, insects, fish and landscape vedute. The album was compiled in the beginning of the 17th century and was originally in the collection of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II. It is currently in the collection of the National Library of Austria in Vienna.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

Rudolf's legacy has traditionally been viewed in three ways: an ineffectual ruler whose mistakes led directly to the Thirty Years' War; a great and influential patron of Northern Mannerist art; and an intellectual devotee of occult arts and learning which helped seed what would be called the Scientific Revolution. Determined to unify Christendom, he initiated the Long Turkish War (1593–1606) with the Ottoman Empire. Exhausted by war, his citizens in Hungary revolted in the Bocskai Uprising, which led to more authority being given to his brother Matthias. Under Rudolf's reign, there was a policy of tolerance towards Judaism.
Brattle Street (Cambridge, Massachusetts)
Brattle Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts, called the "King's Highway" or "Tory Row" before the American Revolutionary War, is the site of many buildings of historical interest, including the modernist glass-and-concrete building that housed the Design Research store,
and a Georgian mansion where George Washington and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow both lived (though at different times), as well as John Vassall and his seven slaves including Darby Vassall. Samuel Atkins Eliot, writing in 1913 about the seven Colonial mansions of Brattle Street's "Tory Row," called the area "not only one of the most beautiful but also one of the most historic streets in America."  "As a fashionable address it is doubtful if any other residential street in this country has enjoyed such long and uninterrupted prestige."

William Brattle House
The William Brattle House is an historic house in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It is one of the seven Colonial mansions described by historian Samuel Atkins Eliot as making up Tory Row, housing several prominent figures in early colonial history. It remains in use by the Cambridge Center for Adult Education.
Red-finned blue-eye
The red-finned blue-eye (Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis) is a tiny, critically endangered species of fish in the family Pseudomugilidae. It is the only species in its genus. The species was first recorded in 1990. It is endemic to central Queensland in Australia, where it is restricted to springs in Bush Heritage's Edgbaston Reserve.

Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an imprecisely defined geographical division of Queensland (a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.

At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931.
Wakanohana Kanji I
Wakanohana Kanji (Japanese: 若乃花 幹士, Hepburn: Wakanohana Kanji; March 16, 1928 – September 1, 2010) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler. He was the sport's 45th yokozuna. He was a popular wrestler and was nicknamed the "Devil of the Dohyō" (土俵の鬼, Dohyō no Oni) due to his great fighting spirit and endurance.

Wakanohana's younger brother (by twenty-two years) was the late former ōzeki Takanohana Kenshi and he was the uncle of Wakanohana Masaru and Takanohana Kōji. He won ten top division yūshō or  tournament championships during his career and at a fighting weight of around 100 kg was one of the lightest yokozuna ever. He had a long-standing rivalry with Tochinishiki and was one of the most popular wrestlers of the 1950s. After his retirement in 1962 he established Futagoyama stable and was also head of the Japan Sumo Association from 1988 until 1992.

Mawashi
In sumo, a mawashi (廻し) is the loincloth that rikishi (sumo wrestlers) wear during training or in competition. Upper ranked professional wrestlers wear a keshō-mawashi as part of the ring entry ceremony or dohyō-iri.
Carolina Guerra
Carolina Guerra (born Carolina Liliana Guerra Molina; 30 July 1987) is a Colombian model, actress and television presenter chosen in 2005 to represent Colombia's capital as Miss Bogotá.

She presented the MTV programme Rock Dinner and appeared in the telenovelas Montecristo, broadcast in Colombia on Caracol TV, and La Diosa Coronada, broadcast in the United States on Telemundo. She played the Inca high priestess Ima in season two of Da Vinci's Demons. In her modelling work she is represented professionally by Stock Models International Model Management. She hosted Colombia's Next Top Model. Guerra, alongside Olga Segura, starred in the 2015 lesbian romance drama The Firefly directed by Ana Maria Hermida.

Colombia's Next Top Model
Colombia's Next Top Model is a Colombian reality television series, based on Tyra Banks' America's Next Top Model. It is the third franchise in Latin America after Brazil's Next Top Model and Mexico's Next Top Model.  The series began to air on Caracol TV on January 8, 2013.
1997 New York Mets season
The 1997 New York Mets season was the 36th regular season for the Mets. They went 88–74 and finished third in the National League East, thirteen games behind the first place Atlanta Braves. The Mets were managed by Bobby Valentine. They played home games at Shea Stadium. It was their first winning season since 1990, despite not making the playoffs.

Shea Stadium
William A. Shea Municipal Stadium (/ʃeɪ/ SHAY), typically shortened to Shea Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City. Opened in 1964, it was home to the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1964 to 2008, as well as the New York Jets of the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL) from 1964 to 1983.

The stadium was named in honor of William Shea, who was most responsible for bringing National League baseball back to New York after the Dodgers and Giants left for California in 1957. It was demolished in 2009 following the opening of the adjacent Citi Field, the ballpark built to replace it and the current home of the Mets. The former footprint of Shea Stadium is part of Citi Field's parking lots.