hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lincoln Vicksburg Monument
The Lincoln Vicksburg Monument, also known as the Lincoln and Soldiers' Monument, is a marble memorial commemorating Abraham Lincoln and victims of the American Civil War by Thomas Dow Jones, installed in the Ohio Statehouse's rotunda, in Columbus, Ohio, United States.

Created from 1865 to 1871, the monument is the oldest known work of public art in Columbus.

Ohio Statehouse
The Ohio Statehouse is the state capitol building and seat of government for the U.S. state of Ohio. The Greek Revival building is located on Capitol Square in downtown Columbus. The capitol houses the Ohio General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. It also contains the ceremonial offices of the governor, lieutenant governor, state treasurer, and state auditor. Built between 1839 and 1861, it is one of the oldest working statehouses in the United States. The statehouse grounds include two other buildings, the Judiciary Annex or Senate Building, and the Atrium; the three are collectively referred to as the Ohio Statehouse into the present day.

The statehouse's prominent architecture has earned it several landmark designations, including as a National Historic Landmark. The building sees about 500,000 visitors per year.
Danielle Marcano
Danielle Julia Marcano (born August 20, 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga F club Valencia. Born in the mainland United States, she plays for the Puerto Rico women's national team.

2022–23 Turkish Women's Football Super League
The 2022–23 Turkish Women's Football Super League  (Turkish: Turkcell Kadın Futbol Süper Ligi 2022–2023 Sezonu) was the 27th season of Turkey's top women's football league.

A total of 19 teams, which played in the 2021–22 Women's Super League season, competed in two groups. The league group matches started on 16 October 2022 and ended on 19 March 2023, having a half-season break between 18 December 2022 and 8 January 2023. Play-off matches started on 25 April 2023 and ended on 2 June 2023.
Hércules CF B
Hércules de Alicante Club de Fútbol "B" is a Spanish football team located in Alicante. It is the reserve team of Hércules CF and currently plays in Tercera Federación – Group 6.

Unlike in England, reserve teams in the Spain play in the same football pyramid as their senior team rather than a separate league. However, reserve teams cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Reserve teams are also no longer permitted to contest the Copa del Rey.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Valencian Community
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Valencian Community, are organized by the Valencian Football Federation (FFCV):

Lliga Comunitat (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid – starting from the 2023–24 season)

Primera FFCV (former Regional Preferente – Level 7)

Segona FFCV (former Primera Regional – Level 8)

Tercera FFCV (former Segunda Regional – Level 9)
Darab-nama
The Darab-nama (Persian: داراب‌نامه) (Book of Daaraab) is a Persian prose romance, written by the 12th-century writer Abu Tahir Tarsusi, in which the adventures of the Kayanid Iranian King Darab are recounted.

Kayanian dynasty
The Kayanians, also rendered Kiani, were an ancient dynasty in the Iranian national history. Originating from the ancient Avestan term for "warrior poet", the Kiani are the union of wisdom and power, and represent Iranian identity at its most militant and self-conscious.

The founding dynasty that preceded them, the Pishdadians, represented a Primordial Age where mankind itself was first emerging. By contrast, the Kiani mark the beginning of the Iranian Heroic Cycle--mythopoetic in nature, but believed by scholars to represent a genuine collective memory of real, living ancient Iranians.

The Kiani are the heroes both of the Avesta (the sacred texts of Zoroastrianism) and of the Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran. The Kiani Crown is a physical manifestation of that belief.
Equestrian Portrait of Philip IV
The Equestrian Portrait of Philip IV was a portrait of Philip IV of Spain on horseback, painted by Diego Velázquez in 1635–36 as part of a series of equestrian portraits for the Hall of Realms, originally a wing of the Buen Retiro Palace in Madrid (a series that also included that of Philip's son prince Balthasar Charles).

Equestrian portrait
An equestrian portrait is a portrait that shows the subject on horseback. Equestrian portraits suggest a high-status sitter, who in many cases was a monarch or other member of the nobility, and the portraits can also carry a suggestion of chivalry.
Kistefjellet
Kistefjellet is a mountain in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 665 m.a.s.l., and is the southernmost mountain of Spitsbergen. Nearby mountains are St. Nikolausfjellet to the north, separated from Kistefjellet by Lyngebreen, and Keilhaufjellet to the northeast, separated by the glacier Mathiasbreen.

Keilhaufjellet
Keilhaufjellet is a mountain in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 660 m.a.s.l. The mountain is named after Norwegian geologist Baltazar Mathias Keilhau. Keilhaufjellet was the southernmost triangulation point established during the Swedish-Russian Arc-of-Meridian Expedition (from 1899).
Caustic (optics)
In optics, a caustic or caustic network is the envelope of light rays which have been reflected or refracted by a curved surface or object, or the projection of that envelope of rays on another surface.  The caustic is a curve or surface to which each of the light rays is tangent, defining a boundary of an envelope of rays as a curve of concentrated light.  In some cases caustics can be seen as patches of light or their bright edges, shapes which often have cusp singularities.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
Momenabad Rural District (Sorkheh County)
Momenabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان مؤمن‌آباد) is in Hafdar District of Sorkheh County, Semnan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mowmenabad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,796 in 585 households.

Central District (Sorkheh County)
The Central District of Sorkheh County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان سرخه) is in Semnan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Lasjerd. The previous capital of the district was the city of Sorkheh.
Golden age (metaphor)
A golden age is a period considered the peak in the history of a country or people, a time period when the greatest achievements were made. The term originated from early Greek and Roman poets, who used it to refer to a time when mankind lived in a better time and was pure (see Golden Age).

The ancient Greek poet Hesiod introduced the term in his Works and Days, when referring to the period when the "Golden Race" of man lived. This was part of fivefold division of Ages of Man, starting with the Golden age, then the Silver Age, the Bronze Age, the Age of Heroes (including the Trojan War), and finally, the current Iron Age. The concept was further refined by Ovid, in his Metamorphoses, into the four "metal ages" (golden, silver, bronze, and iron).

Ages of Man
The Ages of Man are the historical stages of human existence according to Greek mythology and its subsequent Roman interpretation.

Both Hesiod and Ovid offered accounts of the successive ages of humanity, which tend to progress from an original, long-gone age in which humans enjoyed a nearly divine existence to the current age of the writer, in which humans are beset by innumerable pains and evils. In the two accounts that survive from Ancient Greece and Rome, this degradation of the human condition over time is indicated symbolically with metals of successively decreasing value, yet increasing hardness.
51st Virginia Infantry Regiment
The 51st Virginia Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly in Tennessee and western Virginia with help of William Elkins (1812-1870).

Patrick County, Virginia
Patrick County is a county located on the central southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 17,608. Its county seat is Stuart. It is located within both the rolling hills and valleys of the Piedmont Region and the more mountainous regions of Southwest Virginia.
Central Hålogaland
Central Hålogaland (Norwegian: Midtre Hålogland) is a district of Northern Norway constituting the traditional districts of Ofoten, Lofoten, Vesterålen, and southern Troms. It has a population of 117,000, with the largest towns being Harstad (23,000) and Narvik (18,000). Smaller towns which act as regional centers include Svolvær, Sortland, and Leknes. The district covers 23 municipalities and an area of 11,600 square kilometers (4,500 sq mi). The Norwegian Police Service has Central Hålogaland as a police district with head office in Harstad.

Ofoten
Ofoten is a traditional district in Nordland county in Northern Norway.  It consists of Evenes Municipality, Narvik Municipality, and Lødingen Municipality. It is named after the main fjord, Ofotfjorden, which is at the center of this district. The 7,829-square-kilometre (3,023 sq mi) district was home to 29,968 residents in 2016, with almost half of the residents living in the town of Narvik.
7α-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
7α-Hydroxyepiandrosterone (7α-OH-EPIA), also known as 3β,7α-dihydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one, is an endogenous, naturally occurring metabolite of epiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) that is formed by the enzyme CYP7B1 in tissues such as the liver and brain.

Epiandrosterone
Epiandrosterone, or isoandrosterone, also known as 3β-androsterone, 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one, or 5α-androstan-3β-ol-17-one, is a steroid hormone with weak androgenic activity. It is a metabolite of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It was first isolated in 1931, by Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt and Kurt Tscherning. They distilled over 17,000 litres of male urine, from which they got 50 milligrams of crystalline androsterone (most likely mixed isomers), which was sufficient to find that the chemical formula was very similar to estrone.

Epiandrosterone has been shown to naturally occur in most mammals including pigs.

Epiandrosterone is naturally produced by the enzyme 5α-reductase from the adrenal hormone DHEA.  Epiandrosterone can also be produced from the natural steroids androstanediol via 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase or from androstanedione via 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
2008 West Texas A&M Buffaloes football team
The 2008 West Texas A&M Buffaloes football team represented West Texas A&M University in the 2008 NCAA Division II football season as a member of the Lone Star Conference (LSC). The Buffaloes were led by fourth-year head coach Don Carthel and played their home games at Kimbrough Memorial Stadium in Canyon, Texas.

The Buffaloes finished the regular season 11–2 overall, going 8–1 in LSC play to finish second in the South Division. The Buffaloes received a bid for the NCAA Division II Playoffs, defeating no. 8 Central Washington in the first round. In the second round, the Buffaloes were defeated 68–93 by LSC foe Abilene Christian, with both teams breaking several conference offensive and scoring records. The two teams finished with a combined 1,531 yards of total offense while the 161 combined points are the most points scored in a single DII game.

Canyon, Texas
Canyon is a city in and the county seat of Randall County, Texas, United States. The population was 14,836 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Amarillo metropolitan area. Canyon is the home of the Panhandle–Plains Historical Museum, and the outdoor musical drama Texas. The city is also home to the main campus of West Texas A&M University.
Akkanna Madanna Temple
Akkanna Madanna Temple is a Hindu temple located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is popular during the festival of Bonalu that is celebrated in the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. The temple is known for the Ghatam procession during Bonalu.

Shah-Ali-Banda
Shah Ali Banda is a neighbourhood in Hyderabad, India. It forms a part of the Old City, Hyderabad in an area located close to Charminar. It is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the Charminar. It is also home to famous Princess Esra hospital. Sitara Medical Centre, notable for providing free medical service to the needy is also situated here.

The Shah Ali Banda Clock Tower is located here.
Mary Louise Curtis
Mary Louise Curtis (August 6, 1876 in Boston, Massachusetts – January 4, 1970 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was the founder of the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. She was the only child of the magazine and newspaper magnate Cyrus H. K. Curtis and Louisa Knapp Curtis, the founder and editor of the Ladies' Home Journal.

She has also been credited with funding many of the landscape improvements made to the inner waterfront of the Camden, Maine village harbor during the early to mid-20th century.

Curtis Publishing Company
The Curtis Publishing Company, founded in 1891 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, became one of the largest and most influential publishers in the United States during the early 20th century. The company's publications included the Ladies' Home Journal and The Saturday Evening Post, The American Home, Holiday, Jack & Jill, and Country Gentleman.

In the 1940s, Curtis also had a comic book imprint, Novelty Press.  The company declined in the later 20th century, and its publications were sold or discontinued.  It now exists as Curtis Licensing, which licenses images of and from Curtis magazine covers and artwork.
Austmarka Church
Austmarka Church (Norwegian: Austmarka kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Austmarka. It is the church for the Austmarka parish which is part of the Solør, Vinger og Odal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1858 using plans drawn up by the architect Paul Bielenberg. The church seats about 380 people.

Kongsvinger Municipality
Kongsvinger (pronunciationⓘ) is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Glåmdal (or historically Vinger). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Kongsvinger. Other settlements in the municipality include Austmarka, Brandval, Lundersæter, and Roverud.

The 1,036-square-kilometre (400 sq mi) municipality is the 111th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Kongsvinger Municipality is the 73rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 18,109. The municipality's population density is 17.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (45/sq mi) and its population has increased by 1.3% over the previous 10-year period. Kongsvinger's eastern municipal boundary is the Norway–Sweden border.
Outline of Madagascar
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Madagascar:

Madagascar – sovereign island nation located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa.  The Island of Madagascar is the fourth-largest island in the world, and is home to 5% of the world's plant and animal species, of which more than 80% are endemic to Madagascar. They include the lemur superfamily of primates, the carnivorous fossa, three bird families and six baobab species.

Politics of Madagascar
The politics of Madagascar take place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, with a pluralist multi-party system. The President of Madagascar is head of state and the Prime Minister of Madagascar is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral parliament, which is composed of the Senate and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Mira Aroyo
Mira Aroyo (Bulgarian: Мира Аройо, [ˈmirə ɐˈrɔjo]; born 1977) is a Bulgarian-born English singer, musician, songwriter, DJ, and geneticist. She is best known as the keyboardist, co-lead vocalist, and co-songwriter of the electronic band Ladytron, which she co-founded in Liverpool in 1999. She writes and performs her Ladytron lyrics in both Bulgarian and English.

Light & Magic
Light & Magic is the second studio album by English electronic music band Ladytron. It was released in the United States on 17 September 2002 by Emperor Norton and in the United Kingdom on 2 December 2002 by Telstar Records. The album has been reissued multiple times, most recently by Nettwerk in January 2011.

An earlier version of the song "NuHorizons" appeared as a B-side to the band's 2001 single "The Way That I Found You", under the title "Holiday 601". "Seventeen" is part of the soundtrack to the 2003 film Party Monster, while its instrumental was used in television advertisements for Christina Aguilera's 2008 fragrance Inspire.

Drowned in Sound ranked Light & Magic at number 14 on its Top 41 Albums of the Year list. Rolling Stone included the album on its 50 Best Albums of 2002 list. British dance music magazine Muzik named it the best electropop album of 2002. NME included it at number 41 on their Albums and Tracks of the Year for 2002 list.
Calypso's Cave
36°3′37.74″N 14°16′33.86″E﻿ / ﻿36.0604833°N 14.2760722°E﻿ / 36.0604833; 14.2760722

Calypso's Cave (Maltese: L-Għar ta' Calisso) is a natural cave, located on the western side of the Ramla bay, near the town of Xagħra, on the island of Gozo. The cave is alleged to be the one referenced in the Odyssey as the cave where the nymph Calypso kept Odysseus prisoner for seven years after his ship was wrecked after a fierce storm. The cave was closed to the public for fear of collapse, but has reopened. The cave is commonly confused with Tal' Mixta Cave, which is located on the other side of the bay, within the confines of the Nadur local council.

Calypso (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Calypso (/kəˈlɪpsoʊ/; Ancient Greek: Καλυψώ, romanized: Kalypsṓ, lit. 'she who conceals') was a nymph who lived on the island of Ogygia, where, according to Homer's Odyssey, she detained Odysseus for seven years against his will. She promised Odysseus immortality if he would stay with her, but Odysseus preferred to return home. Eventually, after the intervention of the other gods, Calypso was forced to let Odysseus go.
Codex Coislinianus
Codex Coislinianus designated by Hp or 015 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1022 (Soden), was named also as Codex Euthalianus. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Pauline epistles, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The text is written stichometrically.
It has marginalia. The codex is known for its subscription at the end of the Epistle to Titus.

The manuscript was divided into several parts and was used as raw material for the production of new volumes. The codex came to the attention of scholars in the 18th century (after edition of Montfaucon). Currently it is housed in several European libraries, in: Paris, Athos, Saint Petersburg, Kiev, Moscow, and  Turin.

It is cited in all critical editions of the Greek New Testament.

Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf (18 January 1815 – 7 December 1874) was a German biblical scholar. In 1844, he discovered the world's oldest and most complete Bible dated to around the mid-4th century and called Codex Sinaiticus after Saint Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai.

Tischendorf was made an honorary doctor by the University of Oxford on 16 March 1865, and by the University of Cambridge on 9 March 1865 following his discovery. While a student gaining his academic degree in the 1840s, he earned international recognition when he deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the New Testament.
Komárek
Komárek (feminine: Komárková) is a Czech surname meaning "little mosquito". Notable people include:

Božena Komárková (1903–1997), Czech philosopher and theologian

Jaroslava Komárková (1927–2010), Czech athlete

Jiří Komárek (born 1931), phycologist with the botanical abbreviation "Komárek"

Josef Komarek (born 1992), American musician

Karel Komárek (born 1969), Czech billionaire

Konstantin Komarek (born 1992), Austrian ice hockey player

Lukáš Komárek (born 1982), Slovak ice hockey player

Martin Komárek (born 1984), Czech footballer

Miroslav Komárek (1924–2013), Czech linguist

Valtr Komárek (1930–2013), Czech politician

Věra Komárková (1942–2005), Czech mountaineer

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
On Not Shooting Sitting Birds
“On Not Shooting Sitting Birds” is a work of short fiction by Jean Rhys originally appearing in The New Yorker (August 19, 1976) and first collected in Sleep It Off Lady (1976) by  André Deutsch publishing.

The story has been compared to a "miniature" Wide Sargasso Sea (1966), Rhys’s novel about her life in the West Indies and as an ex-colonial in England.

“On Not Shooting Sitting Birds” is included in the 1987 volume Jean Rhys: The Collected Short Stories by W. W. Norton & Company.

Miranda Seymour
Miranda Jane Seymour (born 8 August 1948) is an English literary critic, novelist and biographer of Robert Graves, Mary Shelley, Ada Lovelace and Jean Rhys among others.  She was formerly married to Andrew Sinclair, and Anthony Gottlieb and is now married to Ted Lynch.Her son, Merlin Sinclair, is also a writer (The Cardinal's Man).
Argus 140/150 hp
The Argus 140/150 hp 6-cylinder aircraft engine from 1913 was a six-cylinder, water cooled inline engine built by the German Argus Motoren company from 1913 to 1914.

The engine design evolved from earlier four- and six-cylinder Argus engines and was produced in a 140/150 hp and a 120/130 hp variant with cylinder dimensions of 140 mm × 140 mm (5.5 in × 5.5 in) and 130 mm × 140 mm (5.1 in × 5.5 in) bore and stroke respectively.
It was used in some German prewar racing aircraft and, most notably, also powered some of the Sikorsky Ilya Muromets aircraft.

The engine design however was relatively short lived and was succeeded already in 1914 by a new line-up of completely redesigned six-cylinder engines ranging from 120 to 200 hp, of which the 120 hp Argus As II became the most well known.

Valvetrain
A valvetrain is a mechanical system that controls the operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) into the combustion chamber, while the exhaust valves control the flow of spent exhaust gases out of the combustion chamber once combustion is completed.