hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rurubu River
The Ruvubu River (also spelt Rurubu and Ruvuvu) is a river in central Africa whose waters gather from the most distant, southern portion of the Nile basin. It has a total length of 416 kilometres (258 miles) and a drainage basin of 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi). It rises in the north of Burundi, near the town of Kayanza and then does a southward arc through Burundi, being joined by the Ruvyironza River near Gitega. From there it runs northeast, through the Ruvubu National Park, up to the Tanzanian border. After a stretch along the border, the Ruvubu crosses properly into Tanzania, before joining the Kagera River on the Tanzania–Rwanda border approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) upstream from Rusumo Falls.: 17

The Ruvubu gets its name from the Kirundi word for hippopatamus, imvubu, because the river is home to a large population of hippos.

Rusumo Falls
Rusumo Falls (French: Chutes Rusumo) is a waterfall located on the Kagera river on the border between Rwanda and Tanzania, part of the most distant headwaters of the river Nile. The falls are approximately 15 m (49 ft) high and 40 m (130 ft) wide and have formed on Precambrian schists and quartz–phyllites.

Although the falls themselves are not of significant height in comparison to other waterfalls, they have played an important part in the history of Rwanda because they form the only bridging point on the river in that area.
Kartlewo
Kartlewo [karˈtlɛvɔ] (German: Kartlow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przybiernów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Przybiernów, 27 km (17 mi) north of Goleniów, and 44 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

In the 960s the area became part of Poland after Mieszko I defeated the local Slavic tribes. From 1871 to 1945 the area was part of Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 220.

Przybiernów
Przybiernów [pʂɨˈbjɛrnuf] (German: Pribbernow) is a village in Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przybiernów. It lies approximately 24 km (15 mi) north of Goleniów and 41 km (25 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 1,700.
2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship final
The 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship Final was a football match that took place on 30 June 2015 at the Eden Arena in Prague, Czech Republic, and determined the winner of the 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. Sweden won their first title defeating Portugal 4–3 in the penalty shoot-out, after a goalless draw.

Sweden national under-21 football team
The Sweden national under-21 football team is the football team representing Sweden in competitions for under-21 year old players and is controlled by the Swedish Football Association. Primarily, it competes to qualify for the biennial UEFA European Under-21 Championship.

Sweden made their first European Under-21 Championship appearance in 1986. In 2015, Sweden became champions for the first time. They finished second in 1992 and they also reached the semi-finals in 1990 and 2009. Oscar Hiljemark is the most capped player for the Swedish U21 team, having played 37 caps between 2011 and 2015. Ola Toivonen and Carlos Strandberg are the top goalscorers for the Swedish U21 team, having scored 13 goals each.
Lairawn Baptist Association
Lairawn Baptist Association (LBA) is a Baptist Christian denomination throughout Kalay Valley, Sagaing Division, Myanmar. The LBA mainly serves the Chin people who speak Falam dialect. It is one of the twenty eight associations of Chin Baptist Convention which is under the umbrella of Myanmar Baptist Convention (MBC). As of 2015, the association has 78 pastors and 21305 members . The association is divided into 12 areas and each area has their own by-law and constitution, but they work together with each other in unity in the context of LBA, encouraging and resourcing each other.

Myanmar Baptist Convention
The Myanmar Baptist Convention (Burmese: မြန်မာနိုင်ငံနှစ်ခြင်း ခရစ်ယာန်အသင်းချုပ်, romanized: myanmarninengan nhaithkyinn hkaraityaran aasainnhkyaote) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Myanmar. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and the World Council of Churches. The headquarters is in Yangon.
Brightwell, Suffolk
Brightwell is a village and civil parish in the East Suffolk district, in the English county of Suffolk. It is located 7 miles east of Ipswich and 4 miles south west of Woodbridge.: 73  Adjacent parishes include Foxhall, Bucklesham, Martlesham and Newbourne. There is the A12 road nearby.

It has a church dedicated to St John the Baptist.

Woodbridge, Suffolk
Woodbridge is a port town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. It is 8 miles (13 km) up the River Deben from the sea. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Ipswich and around 74 miles (119 km) north-east of London. In 2011 it had a population of 7,749.

The town is close to some major archaeological sites of the Anglo-Saxon period, including the Sutton Hoo burial ship. It is well known for its boating harbour and tide mill next to the River Deben, in the Suffolk & Essex Coast & Heaths National Landscape. Several festivals are held. As a "gem in Suffolk's crown" (according to The Suffolk Coast tourist site) it has been named the best place to live in the East of England.
Henrich Krummedige
Henrich Krummedige (c. 1464 – 1530) was a Danish-Norwegian nobleman and a member of both the Norwegian and Danish National Councils (Rigsråd) and played an extensive role in the politics of the era. He served as commanding officer of the Bohus Fortress in Norway from 1489 to 1503.

Månstorp Gables
The Månstorp Gables (Swedish: Månstorps gavlar) is a ruin in Vellinge Municipality in Skåne (the southernmost historical province of Sweden).

It is situated east of the Swedish county road 101, between Västra Ingelstad and Östra Grevie. The main building was surrounded by a circular wall and moat. During the Scanian War the castle was destroyed and is now a ruin.
Madang Road station
Madang Road (simplified Chinese: 马当路; traditional Chinese: 馬當路; pinyin: Mǎdāng Lù) became an interchange station between lines 9 and 13 of the Shanghai Metro on 19 December 2015.

The station opened on 31 December 2009, together with the other stations on Line 9's east extension.

The station was the temporary (between 20 April 2010 and 2 November 2010) terminus of Expo line/Line 13 during 2010 World Expo.

The station is located near the intersection of Madang Road and Xujiahui Road in Shanghai's Huangpu District.

Line 9 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 9 is a southwest-northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. The line runs from Shanghai Songjiang Railway Station in Songjiang District to Caolu in Pudong. The line is colored light blue on system maps.
Outline of Nova Scotia
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Nova Scotia:

Nova Scotia – meaning New Scotland in Latin, is the second-smallest province in Canada. It is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces, with its mainland territory consisting of the Nova Scotia peninsula surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, in addition to over 3,800 coastal islands, the largest one being Cape Breton Island.

Halifax Regional Council
Halifax Regional Council (French: Conseil régional d'Halifax) is the governing body of Halifax, known as the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM). Halifax is governed by a mayor-council system, where councillors are elected from sixteen geographic districts though a first-past-the-post system and the mayor is elected via a municipality-wide first-past-the-post vote. Halifax Regional Council was formed in 1996 and consisted of twenty-three councillors and one mayor. It was reduced in size to sixteen councillors and the mayor in 2012. The council meets at Halifax City Hall.
2000 Anaheim Angels season
The 2000 Anaheim Angels season was the 40th season of the Anaheim Angels franchise in the American League, the 35th in Anaheim, and their 35th season playing their home games at Edison International Field of Anaheim. The Angels finished third in the American League West with a record of 82 wins and 80 losses.

The Angels had an extremely powerful offense, with five players (Garret Anderson, Darin Erstad, Troy Glaus, Tim Salmon, and Mo Vaughn) hitting at least 25 homers and driving in 97 runs. Glaus led the AL in HRs, and Erstad had the most hits on his way to a .355 batting average. However, the pitching was very inconsistent. Reliever Shigetoshi Hasegawa led the team with 10 wins. Scott Schoeneweis led all starting pitchers in innings pitched with 170 and also led all starters (qualifying for ERA title) with a 5.45 ERA.

Troy Glaus
Troy Edward Glaus (/ˈɡlɔːs/; born August 3, 1976) is an American former professional baseball third baseman and first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the Anaheim Angels (1998–2004), Arizona Diamondbacks (2005), Toronto Blue Jays (2006–2007), St. Louis Cardinals (2008–2009), and the Atlanta Braves (2010). Glaus lettered in baseball while attending UCLA. He won a bronze medal in baseball at the 1996 Summer Olympics as a member of the U.S. national baseball team. He was a four-time All-Star and won World Series MVP honors in 2002.
Progestogen-only contraception
Progestogen-only contraception (or progestin-only contraception) relies on progestogens alone to achieve contraception. It is one of the two major types of hormonal contraception, with the other major type being combined hormonal contraceptive methods (including both estrogen and a progestogen). There are several progestogen only contraceptive methods:

Progestogen-only pills ("mini-pills") (e.g., desogestrel, norethisterone)

Progestogen-only emergency pills ("day-after pills") (e.g., levonorgestrel)

Progestogen-only implants (e.g., etonogestrel implant, levonorgestrel implant)

Progestogen-only injectables (e.g., medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethisterone enanthate)

Progestogen-only intrauterine devices (e.g., levonorgestrel, progesterone)

Progestogen-only pill
Progestogen-only pills (POPs), colloquially known as "mini pills", are a type of oral contraceptive that contain synthetic progestogens (progestins) and do not contain estrogens. They are primarily used for the prevention of undesired pregnancy, although additional medical uses also exist.

Progestogen-only pills differ from combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs), which consist of a combination of progestins and estrogens.
Iris hoogiana
Iris hoogiana  is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the grassy mountainsides of Turkestan. It has long green leaves, which are slightly purple at the base, and a long slender flowering stem. The flowers are blue, ranging from sky-blue to lavender blue and blue purple. It has orange or yellow beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

The often-segregated, monotypic genera Belamcanda (blackberry lily, I. domestica), Hermodactylus (snake's head iris, I. tuberosa), and Pardanthopsis (vesper iris, I. dichotoma) are currently included in Iris.

Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
2011–12 North Sea Cup season
The 2011–12 North Sea Cup was the second and final season of the North Sea Cup, the highest level of ice hockey in the Netherlands and Belgium, before the league reverted to its traditional name, the Eredivisie, and its traditional format.

Eredivisie (ice hockey)
The Eredivisie ("Honour Division") was, during its existence, the only professional ice hockey league in the Netherlands and the highest level of competition organized by the Nederlandse IJshockey Bond (NIJB; English: "Dutch Ice Hockey Federation"). Formed in 1945 and playing continuously since 1964, the league mainly featured Dutch teams, although in some seasons certain Belgian teams competed. The league featured a mix of Dutch, European and overseas players.  The winner of the Eredivisie was crowned the Dutch National Champion and represented the Netherlands in the IIHF Continental Cup.  In 2015, with most of its teams facing financial problems and its top team, Tilburg Trappers, joining the German Oberliga, the Eredivise was suspended with the remaining teams joining the BeNe League.

From 2015, the Eerste Divisie became the highest league organised by the NIJB, as a second tier below the BeNe League (now CEHL). Since 2020 this second tier league is called Eredivisie.
Roaring Westward
Roaring Westward is a 1949 American Western film directed by Oliver Drake and written by Ronald Davidson. The film stars Jimmy Wakely, Dub Taylor, Dennis Moore, Lois Hall, Jack Ingram and Claire Whitney. The film was released on September 15, 1949, by Monogram Pictures.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Newar festivals
The Newas are well known for their lavish festivals. The word jatra is used for carnivals. Based on Nepalese calendar, Nepal Sambat, the different festivals are:

Swanti

Sakimila Punhi

Yoma

Yomari Punhi

Ghayh

Swasthani

Shree Panchami

Sila Chahre

Holi Punhi

Pahan Charhe

Bisket Jatra

Jana Baha Dyah Jatra

Bungdya Jatra

Bhoto Jatra

Swanya Punhi

Sithi Nakhah

Gathan Mugah

Gunla

Gunhu Punhi

kuchhi bhoyey

Pancha Dan

Yenya

Mohani

Mataya (Lalitpur)

Gunla
Gunlā (Nepal Bhasa: गुँला) (also spelt Gumlā) is the tenth month in the Nepal Sambat lunar calendar, the national lunar calendar of Nepal. It corresponds to August of the Gregorian Calendar.

Gunla is a holy month for Newar Buddhists when they recite the scriptures, observe fasts and visit places of worship playing devotional music. It is one of the most important events in Newar Buddhism. The practice of observing the sacred month is descended from the rains retreat dating from the Buddha's time when monks are to stay in one place and taught the Dhamma to the locals during this period.

According to traditional beliefs, during primitive times, too much rain would fall. Due to this rain, the mud houses during the time would get devastated, moreover floods and landslides would add melancholy in people's lives. So, in order to downturn the melancholy, and be safe from floods and landslides, people would go to Swayambhu playing the devotional music as it was in an elevation.
Fontaine–Mazur conjecture
In mathematics, the Fontaine–Mazur conjectures are some conjectures introduced by Fontaine and  Mazur (1995) about when p-adic representations of Galois groups of number fields can be constructed from representations on étale cohomology groups of varieties. Some cases of this conjecture in dimension 2 have been proved by Dieulefait (2004).

The first conjecture stated by Fontaine and Mazur assumes that  is an irreducible representation that is unramified except at a finite number of primes and which is not the Tate twist of an even representation that factors through a finite quotient group of .  It claims that in this case,  is associated to a cuspidal newform if and only if  is potentially semi-stable at .

Galois group
In mathematics, in the area of abstract algebra known as Galois theory, the Galois group of a certain type of field extension is a specific group associated with the field extension. The study of field extensions and their relationship to the polynomials that give rise to them via Galois groups is called Galois theory, so named in honor of Évariste Galois who first discovered them.

For a more elementary discussion of Galois groups in terms of permutation groups, see the article on Galois theory.
Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Middletown Township is a township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 15,807 at the 2010 census. The Pennsylvania State University has an undergraduate satellite campus called Penn State Brandywine located in the north-central portion of the township. Located outside of Philadelphia, it constitutes part of the Delaware Valley (i.e. the Philadelphia metro area).

Originally established in 1686, Middletown Township adopted a Home Rule Charter in 1978. The township is governed by the council-manager system, a representative form of government in which the seven elected officials set policy for the township and the manager oversees the delivery of all public services and programs.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Lynching of Elias Zarate
Elias Villarael Zarate was a 22-year-old, Mexican immigrant who was lynched in Weslaco, Hidalgo County, Texas by a white mob, his body then being discovered on November 11, 1922. The lynching of Zarate (also known as the Weslaco Affair) was the 15th lynching in Texas. According to the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary it was the 56th of 61 lynchings during 1922 in the United States.

Weslaco, Texas
Weslaco (/ˈwɛsləkoʊ/ WESS-lə-koh) is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 41,103, Studies from 2023 show the population is 43,053  and in 2020 the estimated population was 40,160. It is at the southern tip of Texas in the Rio Grande Valley near the Mexican border, across the Rio Grande from the city of Nuevo Progreso, Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas.

Weslaco derives its name from the W.E. Stewart Land Company. It was the hometown of Harlon Block, one of the Marines photographed raising the flag at Iwo Jima, and of film and television actor David Spielberg.
Whipple Award
The Fred Whipple Award, established in 1989 by the Planetary Sciences Section of the American Geophysical Union, is presented to an individual who makes an outstanding contribution to the field of planetary science. The award was established to honor Fred Whipple.  The Whipple Award includes an opportunity to present an invited lecture during the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting.

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
Ahuzat Naftali
Ahuzat Naftali (Hebrew: אֲחֻזַּת נַפְתָּלִי, lit. Estate Naftali) is a site  in the Galilee region not far from Tiberias, near kibbutz Lavi and south of Karnei Hittin. Ahuzat Naftali was established as a moshav under the jurisdiction of the Lower Galilee Regional Council in 1949.

Lavi
Lavi (Hebrew: לָבִיא, lit. Lion) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located 310 meters above sea level and 10 minutes from Tiberias, it falls under the jurisdiction of Lower Galilee Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 631.
Hinderclay
Hinderclay is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. The village is located around 14 miles (23 km) - from Bury St Edmunds in an area of rolling arable land to the south of the Little Ouse river valley. Neighbouring villages include Thelnetham and Rickinghall. In 2005 its population was 340. The parish also contains the hamlet of Thorpe Street.

The parish church is dedicated to St Mary and was thatched until 1842. Hinderclay Hall is to the south of the village. A tower mill used to stand in The Street. It was demolished either in 1920 or 1955. Two pubs used to exist in the village. First, the Bell (formerly Six Bells) is now residential and known as Orchard House. The old pub was also located close to a bend in the road still known locally as "Bells Corner" (on Bells Lane) and secondly, the Crown.

Bury St Edmunds
Bury St Edmunds (/ˈbɛri sənt ˈɛdməndz/), commonly referred to locally as Bury, is a cathedral as well as market town and civil parish in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. The town is best known for Bury St Edmunds Abbey and St Edmundsbury Cathedral. Bury is the seat of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich of the Church of England, with the episcopal see at St Edmundsbury Cathedral. The town, originally called Beodericsworth, was built on a grid pattern by Abbot Baldwin around 1080. It is known for brewing and malting (Greene King brewery) and for a British Sugar processing factory, where Silver Spoon sugar is produced. The town is the cultural and retail centre for West Suffolk and tourism is a major part of the economy. The built up area had a population of 41,280 at the 2021 census.
2021 in reptile paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

This list of fossil reptiles described in 2021 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2021, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2021.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.