hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diamond Notch Falls
Diamond Notch Falls is a waterfall located on the West Kill, east of Spruceton in the Hunter-West Kill Wilderness in Greene County, New York. Diamond Notch Falls is a side by side waterfall, both being about 15 feet (4.6 m) in height.

The Diamond Notch Trail passes Diamond Notch Falls. The trail begins at Spruceton Road and travels south through Diamond Notch, and descends down to connect with Diamond Notch Road, north of Lanesville. At 1 mile from Sprucetown Road, the trail passes Diamond Notch Falls and then the intersection with the Devil's Path. Then at 2.2 miles, the trail passes the Diamond Notch wind gap.

Diamond Notch
Diamond Notch is a wind gap located between West Kill Mountain and Southwest Hunter Mountain in the Catskills of New York. The south side of Diamond Notch drains through Diamond Notch Hollow via Hollow Tree Brook to Stony Clove Creek, thence to Esopus Creek and the Hudson River. Water from the north side also reaches the Hudson, but via a longer route—first the West Kill, then Schoharie Creek to the Mohawk, the Hudson's largest tributary.
Bar Aftab-e Sefid
Bar Aftab-e Sefid (Persian: برافتاب سفيد, also Romanized as Bar Āftāb-e Sefīd; also known as Bar Āftāb-e Soflá) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 66, and there were 13 families.

Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District
Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان طيبي سرحدئ غربي) is in Charusa District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, in southwestern Iran. It is administered from the city of Qaleh Raisi.
Mark Saxton
Mark Saxton (November 24, 1914 – January 7, 1988) was an American author and editor. He is chiefly remembered for helping edit for publication Austin Tappan Wright’s Utopian novel Islandia, and for his own three sequels to Wright's work.

William Sloane (writer)
William Milligan Sloane III (August 15, 1906 – September 25, 1974) was an American writer of fantasy and science fiction literature, and publisher. Sloane is known best for his novel To Walk the Night.

From 1955 until his death in New City, New York, Sloane was the director of the Rutgers University Press in New Jersey. Before then, he had spent more than 25 years working for several other publishers. He formed his own publishing company, William Sloane Associates, in 1946. William Morrow & Company acquired the company in 1952.
Woodpark, New South Wales
Woodpark is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woodpark is located 29 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the Cumberland Council.

Cumberland City Council
Cumberland Council, trading as Cumberland City Council, is a local government area located in the western suburbs of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Council was formed on 12 May 2016 from the merger of parts of the Cities of Auburn, Parramatta (Woodville Ward), and Holroyd.

The Council comprises an area of 72 square kilometres (28 sq mi) and as of the 2021 census had a population of 235,439.

The first Special Meeting of Cumberland Council was held on 19 May 2016 at the Granville Town Hall, and the council currently meets at the Merrylands Administration Centre.

The current mayor is Ola Hamed  of the Australian Labor Party, elected on 16 October 2024.
Ultima Thule (Swedish band)
Ultima Thule (Latin for "Farthest North") is a Swedish rock band. Their style is based on what they call Vikingarock ("Viking rock"), which combines occasional folk melodies with rock, mixed with Oi!, street punk and Teddy Boy. Some of their lyrics are versions of poems and traditional songs by Evert Taube, such as "Änglamark". They have also released several versions of Sweden's national anthem, "Du gamla, Du fria'". They have been described as a white power band, though ethnomusicologist Benjamin R. Teitelbaum argues that this classification is much too simplistic. The band also rejects the description, saying they oppose fascism and racism.

För Fäderneslandet is Ultima Thule's most popular album, selling more than 100,000 copies. Vikingabalk, their second best selling album, went gold with more than 80,000 copies sold.

Ragnarock
Ragnarock is a record label run by Erik Blücher in Helsingborg, Sweden. They also sell records from other companies via mail order, for instance Combat 18's company ISD Records and white power magazines such as British Oi.

The company was founded in 1993 by Lars Magnus Westrup, a former SS volunteer. After World War II he spent some time in Spain and was impressed by the use of media for propaganda purposes. When he returned to Sweden after Franco died he became head of propaganda for the Progress Party (Framstegspartiet). When he died May 16, 1995, the company was taken over by Erik Blücher. Because of their good co-operation with Combat 18 they are in direct competition with Nordland.

In October 1998 the Swedish police raided the office of Ragnarock to investigate hate speech charges and found, apart from master tapes and documentation also two fully loaded machine guns and a hand grenade.
William Hahn
William Hahn (born  Carl Wilhelm Hahn; 7 January 1829 – 8 June 1887), was a German painter active in the United States known for his genre paintings of California. Born in Ebersbach, Saxony, he trained at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts and the Düsseldorf Academy.  He befriended Scotch artist William Keith, and accompanied Keith to the United States, where the two founded a Boston studio before traveling to California.

William Keith (artist)
William Keith (November 18, 1838 – April 13, 1911) was a Scottish-American painter famous for his California landscapes. He is associated with Tonalism and the American Barbizon school. Although most of his career was spent in California, he started out in New York, made two extended study trips to Europe, and had a studio in Boston in 1871–72 and one in New York in 1880.
John Painter (theologian)
John Painter, FAHA (born 22 September 1935 in Bellingen, New South Wales) is an Australian academic, New Testament scholar, and Christian theologian specializing in Johannine literature. He is currently Professor of Theology at Charles Sturt University in Canberra.

Fernando Segovia
Fernando F. Segovia (born 1948) is a Cuban American biblical scholar, theologian, scriptural critic, and cultural critic. He is the Oberlin Graduate Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at Vanderbilt University Divinity School. In his role as a practitioner of postcolonial biblical criticism, Segovia focuses upon the New Testament and the origins of Christianity. He is well known as a specialist in the Johannine literature and biblical hermeneutics.
Neohygrocybe
Neohygrocybe is a genus of agaric fungi in the family Hygrophoraceae. Neohygrocybe species belong to a group known as waxcaps in English, sometimes also waxy caps in North America or waxgills in New Zealand. In Europe, Neohygrocybe species are typical of waxcap grasslands, a declining habitat due to changing agricultural practices. As a result, three species, Neohygrocybe ingrata, Neohygrocybe nitrata, and Neohygrocybe ovina, are of global conservation concern and are listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
People's Commissariat of the Navy of the Soviet Union
The People's Commissariat of the Navy of the Soviet Union (Russian: Народный комиссариат Военно-морского флота СССР) was the central governing body that exercised leadership of the Soviet Navy from December 30, 1937, to February 25, 1946. The People's Commissariat was formed from the Navy Directorate of the Red Army, which was part of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union.

The People's Commissariat was responsible for developing plans for the construction, armament and manning of the Navy, developing combat equipment, weapons and coastal construction, monitoring the fulfillment of orders for the Navy; managing the operational use of the Navy, its operational, combat, political and mobilization training and organization of air defense, training personnel for the fleet.

The People's Commissariat was abolished in connection with the formation of the People's Commissariat of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union
The Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union was the highest executive and administrative organ of state authority of the Soviet Union from 1923 to 1946.

As the government of the Soviet Union, the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union and the People's Commissariats led by it played a key role in such significant events for the country and society as the economic recovery after the Civil War, the New Economic Policy, agricultural collectivization, electrification, industrialization, five-year plans for the development of national economy, censorship, the fight against religion, repression and political persecution, the Gulag, the deportation of peoples, the annexation of the Baltic States and other territories by the Soviet Union, the organization of the partisan movement, the organization of industrial production in the rear during the Great Patriotic War.

In 1946, it was transformed into the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union.
Pack (canine)
A pack is a social group of conspecific canines. The number of members in a pack and their social behavior varies from species to species. Social structure is very important in a pack. Canine packs are led by a breeding pair.

Caninae
Caninae, whose members are known as canines (/keɪnaɪnz/),: 182  is the only living subfamily within Canidae, alongside the extinct Borophaginae and Hesperocyoninae. They first appeared in North America, during the Oligocene around 35 million years ago, subsequently spreading to Asia and elsewhere in the Old World at the end of the Miocene,: 122  some 7 million to 8 million years ago.
1987 Australian Rally Championship
1987 Australian Rally Championship was the 20th season of the Australian Rally Championship. The drivers' championship was won by Greg Carr driving an Alfa Romeo GTV-6, with the navigators' championship going to Carr's navigator in five of the six events, Fred Gocentas. Carr was the only driver to finish every rally.

Australian Rally Championship
The Australian Rally Championship, also commonly known as the ARC, is Australia's premier gravel rally competition. A multi-event national championship has been held each year since 1968, excepting 2020.
Trichostema oblongum
Trichostema oblongum, known by the common names oblong bluecurls and mountain bluecurls, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family .

It is native to California and the Northwestern United States in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, and north into British Columbia, Canada.

Its habitat includes dry margins of meadows and streambanks in Yellow pine forest, Red Fir Forest, Lodgepole pine Forest, Subalpine Forest, California mixed evergreen forest, and North Coastal Coniferous Forest plant communities.  It grows at 100–3,000 metres (330–9,840 ft) in elevation.

Ponderosa pine forest
Ponderosa pine forest is a plant association and plant community dominated by ponderosa pine and found in western North America. It is found from the British Columbia to Durango, Mexico. In the south and east, ponderosa pine forest is the climax forest, while in the more northern part of its range, it can transition to Douglas-fir or grand fir, or white fir forests. Understory species depends on location. Fire suppression has led to insect outbreaks in ponderosa pine forests.
Asprogerakata
Asprogerakata (Greek: Ασπρογερακάτα) is a small village on the island of Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece. It is known for its big plane tree in Fryas Square. It is reported that it was planted in 1845 by Marino and Georgio Asprogerakas, and Christo Karfakis. Until 2011 it was part of the municipal unit Sfakiotes, which has become defunct. It is now part of the unit Lefkada. Asprogerakata was the smallest village in the old municipality as of 2001. It is roughly 7.3 km SW of Lefkada City, 1.4 km NW of Lazarata, 17.5 km NNE of Vasiliki.

Lefkada (city)
Lefkada City (Greek: Πόλη της Λευκάδας, Póli tis Lefkádas) is a city and a former municipality on the island of Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lefkada, of which it is a municipal unit. It is the capital and main town of the island of Lefkada, located in the northern and northeastern part of the island. The city had a population of 9,253 inhabitants at the 2021 census. The municipal unit has a land area of 60.628 square kilometres (23.409 sq mi) and a population of 13,540 (2021).
Tree well
A tree well, also known as a spruce trap, is the space around a tree under its branches that does not get the same amount of snow as the surrounding open space.  This creates a void or area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk that is dangerous to any hikers, snowshoers, skiers, snowboarders, and snowmobilers who fall into them.  If someone lands in such a well, often as a result of a fall, it can be too deep for them to climb up the surrounding loose snow before they are buried.  Making the situation more dangerous, they often fall into the well head-first and as the result of an accident which could leave them injured or unconscious.

Snowshoe
Snowshoes are specialized outdoor gear for walking over snow. Their large footprint spreads the user's weight out and allows them to travel largely on top of rather than through snow. Adjustable bindings attach them to appropriate winter footwear.

Traditional snowshoes have a hardwood frame filled in with rawhide latticework. Modern snowshoes are made of lightweight metal, plastic, and other synthetic materials.

In the past, snowshoes were essential equipment for anyone dependent on travel in deep and frequent snowfall, such as  fur trappers. They retain that role in areas where motorized vehicles cannot reach or are inconvenient to use. However, their greatest contemporary use is for recreation.
2016 ATP Challenger China International – Nanchang
The 2016 ATP Challenger China International – Nanchang was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Nanchang, China between 12 and 17 September 2016.

2016 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2016, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2016 ATP Challenger Tour calendar contained 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $125,000. It was the 39th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 8th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Dahuangbao
Dahuangbao Town (simplified Chinese: 大黄堡镇; traditional Chinese: 大黃堡鎮; pinyin: Dàhuángbǎo Zhèn), also known as Dahuangpu Town, is a town located in the eastern part of Wuqing District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Cuihuangkou Town to the north, Niujiapai and Erwangzhuang Towns to the east, Shangmatai Town to the south, and Caozili Town to the west. In the year 2010, its population was 18,432.

In the Ming dynasty, this region was settled by families with the surname Huang. The settlement later split into two, with the larger one becoming the town Dahuangbao (Chinese: 大黄堡; lit. 'Large Huang's Fort').

Huang (surname)
Huang (/ˈhwɑːŋ/; traditional Chinese: 黃; simplified Chinese: 黄) is a Chinese surname. While Huáng is the pinyin romanization of the word, it may also be romanized as Hwang, Wong, Waan, Wan, Waon, Hwong, Vong, Hung, Hong, Bong, Eng, Ng, Uy, Wee, Oi, Oei, Oey, Ooi, Ong, or Ung due to pronunciations of the word in different dialects and languages. It is the 96th name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem.

This surname is known as Hwang in Korean. In Vietnamese, the name is known as Hoàng or Huỳnh.

Huang is the 7th most common surname in China. Hoang/Huynh is the 5th most common surname in Vietnam. The population of Huangs in China and Taiwan was estimated at more than 35 million in 2020; it was also the surname of more than 2 million overseas Chinese, 5.7 million Vietnamese (6%), and an estimated 1 million Koreans (The 2015 census of South Korea revealed it was the surname for 697,171 South Koreans, ranked 16th).

Huang is also the pinyin romanization of the very rare surname 皇.
Deposed Crown Princess Bong
Crown Princess Sun of the Haeum Bong clan (Korean: 순빈 봉씨; Hanja: 純嬪 奉氏; 1414–after 1454) was the second wife of Munjong of Joseon. Before her husband's accession to the throne, she was banished after it was discovered that she was sleeping with one of her handmaids.

Nobi
Nobi were members of the slave class during the Korean dynasties of Goryeo and Joseon. Legally, they held the lowest rank in medieval Korean society. Nobi were sometimes considered property or chattel, and could be bought, sold, or gifted.
Ionochromism
Ionochromism, similar to chromic methods such as photochromism, thermochromism and other chromism phenomena, is the reversible process of changing the color of a material by absorption or emission spectra of molecules using ions. Electrochromism is similar to ionochromism as it involves the use of electrons in order to change the color of materials. Both electrochromic and ionochromic materials undergo a change in color by the flow of charged particles, where electrochromic materials only involve an anionic species or negatively charged species such as electrons. An example of an ionochromic dye is a complexometric indicator. A complexometric indicator involves the presence of metal ions in order to facilitate color change and is often used in complexometric titration.

Photochromism
Photochromism is the reversible change of color upon exposure to light. It is a transformation of a chemical species (photoswitch) between two forms through the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (photoisomerization), where each form has a different absorption spectrum. This reversible structural or geometric change in photochromic molecules affects their electronic configuration, molecular strain energy, and other properties.
Roy, British Columbia
Roy was a cannery town on the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada, located on Loughborough Inlet north of the town of Campbell River and the Discovery Islands.

Roy was named after an early settler, a Mr. Roy, and appeared on the map first in 1919 as a settlement (it is now classed as a locality).  Its post office opened May 1, 1896, and closed February 22, 1943.

50°31′N 125°32′W﻿ / ﻿50.517°N 125.533°W﻿ / 50.517; -125.533

Discovery Islands
The Discovery Islands are a group of islands located at the northern end of the Salish Sea and the eastern end of Johnstone Strait, between Vancouver Island and the mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada.

Most of these islands have very few residents. Only Quadra Island and Cortes Island have ferry service. The remainder are served by private boat or float plane.
Seminole Hot Springs, California
Seminole Hot Springs is an unincorporated community in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Seminole Hot Springs is located in the Santa Monica Mountains near Cornell, 3.6 miles (5.8 km) south-southeast of Agoura Hills at an elevation of 932 feet (284 m).

Agoura Hills, California
Agoura Hills (/əˈɡɔːrə ˈhɪlz/ ⓘ) is a city situated in the Santa Monica Mountains region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. With a population of 20,330 as of the 2010 census, which decreased to 20,299 in 2020. A suburb of Los Angeles, Agoura Hills lies in the eastern Conejo Valley, nestled between the Simi Hills and the Santa Monica Mountains. Located 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Downtown Los Angeles and less than 10 miles (16 km) west of the Los Angeles city limits at Woodland Hills, Agoura Hills is bordered by Bell Canyon and Ventura County. Neighboring communities include Calabasas, Oak Park, and Westlake Village, while the unincorporated area of Agoura sits adjacent.
Ōrākei ward
Ōrākei Ward is one of thirteen wards of Auckland Council in Auckland, New Zealand. It encompasses the neighbourhoods of Saint Heliers, Glendowie, Kohimarama, Mission Bay, Saint Johns and Meadowbank. It elects one councillor to represent the ward on the council. The councillor has oversight over the Orakei Local Board. The current councillor is Desley Simpson.

Glendowie, New Zealand
Glendowie is a suburb in Auckland, New Zealand. It is under the local governance of Auckland Council. It was under Auckland City Council from 1989 until the merger of all of Auckland's councils into the "super city" in 2010.
1957 Houston Cougars football team
The 1957 Houston Cougars football team, also known as the Houston Cougars, Houston, or UH, represented the University of Houston in the 1957 college football season. It was the 12th year of season play for Houston. The team was coached by first-year head coach Hal Lahar. The team played its games off-campus at Rice Stadium, which had been built in 1950. Houston won its third conference championship, as the Cougars earned a perfect 3–0 record in conference play. It was the first time a conference championship was achieved by a first-year coach for Houston. Despite losing several key starting players and switching head coaches, Houston was considered a favorite for the conference championship prior to the season's start. Following the season, three of Houston's players from the 1957 roster were drafted in the 1958 NFL draft. Three more 1957 players were also taken in the 1959 NFL draft.

1959 NFL draft
The 1959 NFL draft had its first four rounds held on December 1, 1958, and its final twenty-six rounds on January 21, 1959. Both sessions were held at the Warwick Hotel in Philadelphia. With the first overall pick in the draft, the Green Bay Packers selected quarterback Randy Duncan.
Reparenting
Reparenting is a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist actively assumes the role of a new or surrogate parental figure for the client, in order to treat psychological disturbances caused by defective, even abusive, parenting. The underlying assumption is that all mental illness results principally from such parenting, even including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Transactional analysis
Transactional analysis is a psychoanalytic theory and method of therapy wherein social interactions (or "transactions") are analyzed to determine the ego state of the communicator (whether parent-like, childlike, or adult-like) as a basis for understanding behavior. In transactional analysis, the communicator is taught to alter the ego state as a way to solve emotional problems. The method deviates from Freudian psychoanalysis, which focuses on increasing awareness of the contents of subconsciously held ideas. Eric Berne developed the concept and paradigm of transactional analysis in the late 1950s.