hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San Juan, Argentina
San Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan]) is the capital and largest city of the Argentine province of San Juan in the Cuyo region, located in the Tulúm Valley, west of the San Juan River, at 650 m (2,133 ft) above mean sea level, with a population of around 112,000 as per the 2001 census [INDEC] (over 500,000 in the metropolitan area).

It is a modern city with wide streets and well-drawn avenues, with wide sidewalks and vegetation of different species of trees irrigated by canals, from which it derives its nickname oasis town.

It has an important accommodation infrastructure and transportation. Its highlights include modern buildings and the surroundings, the reservoir and Ullum dam, spas, museums, large plantations of vines, and various types of agriculture, with wine being the most important.

Bandoneon
The bandoneon (Spanish: bandoneón) or bandonion is a type of concertina particularly popular in Argentina and Uruguay, used in most tango ensembles. As with other members of the concertina family, it is held between the hands, and played by pulling and pushing air through bellows, routing it through sets of tuned metal reeds by pressing the instrument's buttons. Unlike most accordions, bandoneons always employ the same sets of reeds to produce their sound, and do not usually have the register switches common on accordions. Nevertheless, the bandoneon can be played very expressively, using various bellows pressures and other techniques. The left and right hand have different timbres due to the wooden box on the left side which gives the left hand a nasal and muted timbre, in contrast with the right hand which is usually bright and sharp.
Alexandra Eames
Alexandra "Alex" Eames is a fictional character within the Law & Order universe portrayed by Kathryn Erbe. Eames first appears on Law & Order: Criminal Intent as a detective partnered with Robert Goren (Vincent D'Onofrio). Following the end of the series in 2011, Erbe reprised her role in two episodes of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, with her character promoted to lieutenant and now working in the joint City/Federal Homeland Security Task Force.

Erbe received a 2008 Satellite Award Nomination for Best Actress: Television Drama Series for her portrayal. She appeared in 142 episodes.

Major case squad
A major case squad is a division within some police departments. The detectives of these divisions typically investigate crimes beyond the scope of normal squads. These functions vary from department to department.
Grand prix de la Critique littéraire
The grand prix de la Critique littéraire was created in 1948 by Robert André. It is awarded each year by the French PEN club to a literary essay. Chaired by Joël Schmidt, its jury is now made up of Jean Blot, Jean-Luc Despax, Jean-Claude Lamy, Daniel Leuwers, Jean Orizet, Laurence Paton (general secretary), Antoine Spire and Patrick Tudoret. Since its creation, it has rewarded many leading authors and intends to promote a literary criticism of quality and, quite simply, literature.

Éditions Gallimard
Éditions Gallimard (French: [edisjɔ̃ ɡalimaːʁ]), formerly Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue Française (1911–1919) and Librairie Gallimard (1919–1961), is one of the leading French book publishers. In 2003, it and its subsidiaries published 1,418 titles.

Founded by Gaston Gallimard in 1911, the publisher is now majority-owned by his grandson Antoine Gallimard.

Éditions Gallimard is a subsidiary of Groupe Madrigall, the third largest French publishing group.
John D. Hamaker
John D. Hamaker (1914–1994), was an American mechanical engineer, ecologist, agronomist and science writer in the fields of soil regeneration, rock dusting, mineral cycles, climate cycles and glaciology.

Interglacial
An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. The current Holocene interglacial began at the end of the Pleistocene, about 11,700 years ago.
Aladdin's Eatery
Aladdin's Eatery is a chain of franchised restaurants in the Midwestern United States and the Southeastern United States, specializing in Lebanese cuisine. Adapted to American tastes, the sites are fast casual restaurants that also offer take out.

The firm, Aladdin's Eatery Systems, Inc, is headquartered in Lakewood, a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. Besides Ohio, the company also has locations in Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania.

Fast casual restaurant
A fast casual restaurant, found primarily in the United States, is a restaurant that does not offer full table service, but advertises higher quality food than fast-food restaurants. It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining.
Basatabad, Delfan
Basatabad (Persian: بساطاباد, also Romanized as Basāţābād) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 72, in 14 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
Janica Kostelić
Janica Kostelić (pronounced [janitsa kostelitɕ]; born 5 January 1982) is a Croatian former alpine ski racer. She is a four-time Olympic gold medalist. In addition to the Olympics, she won five gold medals at the World Championships. In World Cup competition, she won thirty individual races, three overall titles, three slalom titles, and four combined titles. Kostelić's accomplishments in professional skiing have led some commentators, writers, and fellow ski racers to regard her as the greatest female ski racer of all time.

2004–05 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 39th World Cup season began in October 2004 in Sölden, Austria, and concluded in March 2005 at the World Cup finals in Lenzerheide, Switzerland. The overall winners were Bode Miller of the U.S. and Anja Pärson of Sweden.

The break in the schedule was for the 2005 World Championships, held in Bormio, Italy, between 28 January and 13 February 2005. The women's competition was held in the neighboring skiing area of Santa Caterina.
Surprise (emotion)
Surprise (sə(r)ˈprīzⓘ) is a rapid, fleeting mental and physiological state. It is related to the startle response experienced by animals and humans as the result of an unexpected event.

Surprise can have any valence. That is, it can be pleasant/positive, unpleasant/negative, or neutral/moderate. Surprise can occur in varying levels of intensity ranging from very surprised, which may induce the fight-or-flight response, or slightly surprised, which elicits a less intense response to the stimulus.

Surprise is included as a primary or basic emotion in the taxonomies of Carroll Izard and Paul Ekman. According to these perspectives, surprise is evolutionarily adaptive, and also innate and universal across human cultures.

Confusion
In psychology, confusion is the quality or emotional state of being bewildered or unclear. The term acute mental confusion is often used interchangeably with delirium in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems and the Medical Subject Headings publications to describe the pathology. These refer to the loss of orientation, or the ability to place oneself correctly in the world by time, location and personal identity. Mental confusion is sometimes accompanied by disordered consciousness (the loss of linear thinking) and memory loss (the inability to correctly recall previous events or learn new material).
Elizabeth and Agnes Thomson
Elizabeth and Agnes Thomson were Scottish suffragettes and members of the Edinburgh branch of the Women's Social and Political Union. They were arrested for their involvement in WSPU protests in Scotland and London. The sisters were involved in the first arson attempt in Scotland as part of the WSPU arson campaign in 1913. Elizabeth was imprisoned for her role and went on hunger strike. She was later released under the Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill Health) Act 1913, so-called Cat and Mouse Act. Elizabeth was awarded a Hunger Strike Medal 'for Valour' by the WSPU.

Hunger Strike Medal
The Hunger Strike Medal was a silver medal awarded between August 1909 and 1914 to suffragette prisoners by the leadership of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU). During their imprisonment, many went on hunger strike while serving their sentences in the prisons of the United Kingdom for acts of militancy in their campaign for women's suffrage. Many women were force-fed and their individual medals were created to reflect this.

The WSPU awarded a range of military-style campaign medals to raise morale and encourage continued loyalty and commitment to the cause. The Hunger Strike Medals were designed by Sylvia Pankhurst and first presented by leadership of the WSPU at a ceremony in early August 1909 to women who had gone on hunger strike while serving a prison sentence. Later the medals would be presented at a breakfast reception on a woman's release from prison.
1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane
1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane, IUPAC name: N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)propane-1,3-diamine, is the organic compound with the formula (H2NCH2CH2NHCH2)2CH2.  It is a tetramine, consisting of two primary amines and two secondary amines positioned symmetrically.  Like many amines, this compound has a high affinity for carbon dioxide.  The compound can be prepared by treatment of 1,3-dibromopropane with excess ethylenediamine.

The compound has been examined often as a ligand in coordination chemistry.  It is tetradentate ligand similar to 1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane. By condensation of its nickel(II) complexes with formaldehyde, one can obtain a variety of macrocyclic ligands.

Tetradentate ligand
In chemistry, tetradentate ligands are ligands that bind four donor atoms to a central atom to form a coordination complex. This number of donor atoms that bind is called denticity and is a method of classifying ligands.

Tetradentate ligands are common in nature in the form of chlorophyll, which has a core ligand called chlorin, and heme, which has a core ligand called porphyrin. They are responsible for the colour observed in plants and humans. Phthalocyanine is an artificial macrocyclic tetradentate ligand that is used to make blue and green pigments.
Andreas Vesalius
Andries van Wezel (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564), latinized as Andreas Vesalius (/vɪˈseɪliəs/), was an anatomist and physician who wrote De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem (On the fabric of the human body in seven books), which is considered one of the most influential books on human anatomy and a major advance over the long-dominant work of Galen. Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. He was born in Brussels, which was then part of the Habsburg Netherlands. He was a professor at the University of Padua (1537–1542) and later became Imperial physician at the court of Emperor Charles V.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Thurlow Lieurance
Thurlow Weed Lieurance (March 21, 1878 – October 9, 1963) was an American composer, known primarily for his song "By the Waters of Minnetonka". He is frequently categorized with a number of his contemporaries, including Charles Wakefield Cadman, Arthur Nevin, Charles Sanford Skilton, Preston Ware Orem, and Arthur Farwell, as a member of the Indianist movement in American music.

Arthur Nevin
Arthur Finley Nevin (April 27, 1871 – July 10, 1943) was an American composer, conductor, teacher and musicologist. Along with Charles Wakefield Cadman, Blair Fairchild, Charles Sanford Skilton, and Arthur Farwell, among others, he was one of the leading Indianist composers of the early twentieth century.
Aromas, California
Aromas (Spanish for "Scents") is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monterey County and San Benito County, California, United States. The population was 2,708 at the 2020 census.

The CDP straddles the border of the two counties, with Monterey County to the west and San Benito County to the east.  The Santa Cruz County line is less than a mile to the northwest, and Santa Clara County is about 2 miles (3 km) to the north. Its population was almost equally distributed between the two counties with 1,365 in Monterey County and 1,343 in San Benito County. Aromas is one of four CDPs in California that are divided between two or more counties. The others are Kingvale (divided between Placer County and Nevada County), Kirkwood (divided between Alpine County and Amador County), and Tahoma (divided between Placer County and El Dorado County).

Kingvale, California
Kingvale is a census-designated place (CDP) in Placer County and Nevada County, California, United States.  The CDP straddles the border of the two counties, with Nevada County to the north and Placer County to the south. It is located near Soda Springs, 5.5 mi (8.9 km) west of Donner Pass. Kingvale was listed on an official map as of 1955. The population was 128 at the 2020 census.
Rui Bento
Rui Fernando da Silva Calapez Pereira Bento (born 14 January 1972) is a Portuguese former footballer who played mostly as a central defender, currently a manager.

Over 13 seasons, he amassed Primeira Liga totals of 321 matches and five goals, representing mainly Boavista (nine years). He managed S.C. Beira-Mar and Tondela in the top flight, and spent several years coaching Portugal's youth teams.

2000–01 Primeira Liga
The 2000–01 Primeira Liga was the 67th edition of the top flight of Portuguese football. It started on 19 August 2000 with a match between Braga and Vitória de Guimarães, and ended on 27 May 2001. The league was contested by 18 clubs, with Sporting CP as the defending champions.

Boavista won their first league title, becoming only the second champions from outside the Portuguese "Big Three" (Os Três Grandes) of Benfica, Porto and Sporting, after Belenenses in the 1945–46 season. Boavista qualified for the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League group stage along with Porto, who entered the second qualifying round. Sporting and Marítimo qualified for the 2001–02 UEFA Cup. At the bottom of the table, Campomaiorense, Desportivo das Aves and Estrela da Amadora were relegated to the Segunda Liga. Pena finished as the top scorer with 22 goals. This season saw also Benfica finish sixth, their lowest ever Primeira Liga position.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
In physics, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a form of terahertz spectroscopy using short pulses of terahertz radiation. The generation and detection scheme is sensitive to the sample's effect on both the amplitude and the phase of the terahertz radiation.

Beam splitter
A beam splitter or beamsplitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light into a transmitted and a reflected beam. It is a crucial part of many optical experimental and measurement systems, such as interferometers, also finding widespread application in fibre optic telecommunications.
Rosebud Sioux Tribal Airport
Rosebud Sioux Tribal Airport (ICAO: KSUO, FAA LID: SUO) is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) south of the central business district of Rosebud, in Todd County, South Dakota, United States. The airport is owned by the Rosebud Sioux Tribe.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned SUO by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

Rosebud Indian Reservation
The Rosebud Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in South Dakota, United States. It is the home of the federally recognized Rosebud Sioux Tribe, who are Sicangu, a band of Lakota people. The Lakota name Sicangu Oyate translates as the "Burnt Thigh Nation", also known by the French term, the Brulé Sioux.

The Rosebud Indian Reservation was established in 1889 after the United States' partition of the Great Sioux Reservation, which was created by the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868). The Great Sioux Reservation had covered all of West River, South Dakota (the area west of the Missouri River), as well as part of northern Nebraska and eastern Montana. Since its founding, the Rosebud reservation has been reduced considerably in size, as has happened with the other Lakota and Dakota reservations. Now, it includes Todd County, South Dakota, and certain communities and lands in the four adjacent counties.
Total absorption costing
Total absorption costing (TAC) is a method of cost accounting which takes account of the full cost of manufacturing a product or providing a service. TAC includes not just the costs of materials and labour, but also of all manufacturing overheads (whether "fixed" or "variable"). Areas of cost may be described as either "direct" or "indirect": direct costs can be easily identified with individual cost centers, whereas indirect costs cannot be easily identified with the cost center. The distribution of overheads between cost centers is called "apportionment".

Indirect costs
Indirect costs are costs that are not directly accountable to a cost object (such as a particular project, facility, function or product). Like direct costs, indirect costs may be either fixed or variable. Indirect costs include administration, personnel and security costs. These are those costs which are not directly related to production. Some indirect costs may be overhead, but other overhead costs can be directly attributed to a project and are direct costs.

There are two types of indirect costs. One are the fixed indirect costs, which are unchanged for a particular project or company, like transportation of labor to the working site, building temporary roads, etc. The other are recurring indirect costs, which repeat for a particular company, like maintenance of records or the payment of salaries.
Pálffy ab Erdöd
The House of Pálffy, also known as Pálffy von Erdőd, Pálffy de Erdőd, or Pálffy of Erdőd, is the name of an old Hungarian noble family, later incorporated into Austrian nobility. Members of the family held significant positions in the Habsburg monarchy. They became hiqh nobility with the hereditary title of prince in 1807.

Burg Heidenreichstein
Burg Heidenreichstein is a castle in Lower Austria, Austria. Burg Heidenreichstein is 556 metres (1,824 ft) above sea level.

The oldest parts of the castle are dated back to the 12th century. The castle has recently been inherited by the House of Kinsky.
Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games – Men's 1500 metres T54
The men's T54 1500 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 25 at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center within the Julio Martínez National Stadium of Santiago, Chile.

Athletics at the 2023 Parapan American Games
Athletics competitions at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile are held at the Mario Recordón Athletics Training Center (Centro Atlético Mario Recordón) within the Julio Martínez National Stadium from 21 to 25 November.
Jameh Mosque of Gonabad
The Jāmeh Mosque of Gonabad (Persian: مسجد جامع گناباد, romanized: Masjid-i Jami' Gunabad; Arabic: جامع غناباد) is a  Friday mosque (jāmeh) located in Gonabad, in the province of Razavi Khorasan, Iran.

The 13th-century mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 10 February 1940, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Festival of Family Classics
Festival of Family Classics is a Rankin/Bass animated anthology series that originally aired between 1972 and 1973. The show originally aired in syndication. It was re-aired 1 November 2005 on the Boomerang channel and on 16 June 2011 via the Teletoon Retro network.

Festival of Family Classics is a series of television versions of famous folk tales and classic literature. 16 of the 18 episodes were 20 minutes long. The two 40 minutes-long episodes ("20,000 Leagues Under the Sea" and "Around the World in 80 Days") were split into two-parters, making 20 episodes in total. The episodes were animated by two Japanese animation studios: Mushi Production and Topcraft.

Videos have been distributed by several companies, including Prism Entertainment, Starmaker Video, EBM Group, and DreamWorks Classics. 12 episodes (including the two-parters as single episodes) have been released on DVD.

A similar series, Famous Classic Tales, aired on CBS from 1970 to 1984.

Rankin/Bass Animated Entertainment
Rankin/Bass Animated Entertainment (founded and formerly known as Videocraft International, Ltd. and Rankin/Bass Productions, Inc.) was an American production company located in New York City.  It was known for its seasonal television specials, usually done in stop motion animation. Rankin/Bass's stop-motion productions are recognizable by their visual style of doll-like characters with spheroid body parts.

Nearly all of the studio's animation was outsourced to Japanese animation companies, such as Toei Animation, MOM Production, Mushi Productions and Topcraft. Rankin/Bass was one of the first Western studios to outsource their low-budget animated television and film productions to animation studios in foreign countries; the others that already practiced animation outsourcing include Total Television and King Features Syndicate TV in New York City; and Hanna-Barbera and Jay Ward Productions in Los Angeles, California.
Luis Gutiérrez (wine critic)
Luis Gutiérrez is a wine critic based in Madrid, Spain. He reviews wines from Spain, as well as Chile and Argentina for Robert Parker's Wine Advocate  and RobertParker.com, the bimonthly wine publication and website founded by wine critic Robert Parker.

Wine critic
A wine critic is a person who evaluates wine and describes it either with a numerical rating, a tasting note, or a combination of both. Their critiques, found in books, newspapers, magazines, newsletters, online, or in sales materials for wine, are often used by consumers in the process of deciding whether or not to buy a wine.