hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Kabul (1992–1996)
The Battle of Kabul was a series of intermittent battles and sieges over the city of Kabul during the period of 1992–1996.

Throughout the Soviet–Afghan War from 1979 to 1989, and subsequent civil war (1989–1992) the city of Kabul saw little fighting. The collapse of Mohammad Najibullah's regime in April 1992 led to a peace treaty between the Afghan political parties and the establishment of the Islamic State of Afghanistan. But soon after, the undisciplined commanders from both former mujahideen and Communist ranks started to vie for power, abetted by foreign powers, namely Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran and Uzbekistan, who began arming their Afghan proxies to fight for control and influence.

Sibghatullah Mojaddedi
Sibghatullah Mojaddedi (Dari: صبغت‌الله مجددی; 27 September 1926 – 11 February 2019) was an Afghan politician, who served as Acting President after the fall of Mohammad Najibullah's government in April 1992. He was the first leader to call for armed resistance against the Soviet-backed regime in 1979 and founded the Afghan National Liberation Front (Jeebh-e Nejat-e Melli) at the time; later becoming a respected figure among the various Afghan mujahideen. He served as the chairman of the 2003 loya jirga that approved Afghanistan's new constitution. In 2005, he was appointed chairman of the Meshrano Jirga, upper house of the National Assembly of Afghanistan, and was reappointed as a member in 2011. He also served on the Afghan High Peace Council. Mojaddedi is considered to have been a moderate leader.
2000 NCAA Division III football season
The 2000 NCAA Division III football season, part of the college football season organized by the NCAA at the Division III level in the United States, began in August 2000, and concluded with the NCAA Division III Football Championship, also known as the Stagg Bowl, in December 2000 at Salem Football Stadium in Salem, Virginia. The Mount Union Purple Raiders won their fifth Division III championship by defeating the Saint John's (MN) Johnnies, 10−7.

The Gagliardi Trophy, given to the most outstanding player in Division III football, was awarded to Chad Johnson, quarterback from Pacific Lutheran.

Salem, Virginia
Salem is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,346. It is the county seat of Roanoke County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Salem with Roanoke County, which surrounds both Salem and the neighboring City of Roanoke, for statistical purposes. Salem has its own courthouse and sheriff's office, but shares a jail with Roanoke County, which is located in the Roanoke County Courthouse complex in Salem. The Roanoke County Sheriff's Office and Roanoke County Department of Social Services are also located within Salem, though the county administrative offices are located in unincorporated Cave Spring.

Roanoke College is located in the city. Salem is also the home to a Minor League Baseball team, the Salem RidgeYaks.
Williams Loop
39°54′36″N 120°48′29″W﻿ / ﻿39.91000°N 120.80806°W﻿ / 39.91000; -120.80806

The Williams Loop is a rail spiral on the Union Pacific Railroad's Feather River Route through the Sierra Nevada mountains in northeastern California, connecting the Sacramento Valley to Salt Lake City via the Feather River canyons. Located about five miles east of East Quincy, the loop is used to gain elevation on the eastward climb to its summit at Beckwourth Pass while maintaining the railroad's overall 1.0 percent (compensated) grade, the least steep of any grade on a transcontinental railroad. Built in 1914 by the Western Pacific Railroad, the loop and the nearby Spring Garden Tunnel help surmount the divide between the East Branch North Fork Feather River and the Middle Fork Feather River.

The Williams Loop is part of Plumas County's "7 Wonders of the Railroad World" and access is described in its travel guide.

Spring Garden Tunnel
The Spring Garden Tunnel is a railway tunnel located at Spring Garden, California. At 7,344 ft (1.3909 mi; 2,238 m) long, it is the longest of 34 tunnels on the Feather River Route (cf. Chilcoot Tunnel) and crosses under the drainage divide between the East Branch North Fork Feather River (north portal, ) and the Middle Fork Feather River (south portal, ).
Herman Frazier
Herman Ronald "Herm" Frazier (born October 29, 1954) is a retired American sprinter. He won gold medals in the 4 × 400 m relay at the 1976 Olympics and 1975 and 1979 Pan American Games. Individually he earned a bronze medal in the 400 m event at the 1976 Olympics. He served as chef de mission of the 2004 U.S. Olympic team and as the Athletic Director at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the University of Hawaii. He currently serves as the senior deputy athletics director at Syracuse University.

Denison University
Denison University is a private liberal arts college in Granville, Ohio, United States. One of the earliest colleges established in the former Northwest Territory, Denison University was founded in 1831. It was first called the Granville Literary and Theological Institution, later took the name Granville College, and, in the mid-1850s, was renamed Denison University, in honor of William S. Denison, a major early benefactor. The college enrolled 2,300 students in fall 2023. Students choose from 65 academic programs.

The college's intercollegiate athletic teams compete in the North Coast Athletic Conference, fielding 26 varsity teams in the NCAA Division III. Denison is a member of the Five Colleges of Ohio and the Great Lakes Colleges Association.
Andromeda II
Andromeda II (And II) is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy about 2.22 Mly away in the constellation  Pisces. While part of the Local Group, it is not quite clear if it is a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy or the Triangulum Galaxy.

It was discovered by Sidney Van den Bergh in a survey of photographic plates taken with the Palomar 48-inch (1.2 m) Schmidt telescope in 1970 and 1971, together with Andromeda I, Andromeda III, and the presumable non- or background galaxy Andromeda IV.

Dwarf spheroidal galaxy
A dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) is a term in astronomy applied to small, low-luminosity galaxies with very little dust and an older stellar population. They are found in the Local Group as companions to the Milky Way and as systems that are companions to the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). While similar to dwarf elliptical galaxies in appearance and properties such as little to no gas or dust or recent star formation, they are approximately spheroidal in shape and generally have lower luminosity.
Nina Berton
Nina Berton (born 3 August 2001) is a Luxembourgish professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for EF Education–Oatly. Until 2025 she rode for Ceratizit Pro Cycling. In 2021 and 2022 she rode for Andy Schleck–CP NVST–Immo Losch. She rode in the women's road race event at the 2020 UCI Road World Championships.

Grand Prix Elsy Jacobs
The Festival Luxembourgeois du cyclisme féminin Elsy Jacobs formerly known as the Grand Prix Elsy Jacobs is an international women's road bicycle race held in Garnich, Luxembourg.

The race was first held in 2008 as a one-day race. Between 2009 and 2011 it was rated as an UCI 1.1 category race. Since 2012, it has been run as a stage race. Between 2021 and 2023, the race was part of the UCI Women's ProSeries, the second tier women's elite road cycling tour.

The race is named after Luxembourgish cyclist Elsy Jacobs, the first winner of the women's road race at the UCI Road World Championships, which took place at Reims, France in 1958. Jacobs was also the hour record holder from 1958 to 1972, as well as fifteen-time Luxembourgish national champion.
Mugla Passage
Mugla Passage (Bulgarian: проток Мугла, ‘Protok Mugla’ \'pro-tok 'mu-gla\) is the 1.35 km wide passage between Half Moon Island and the north coast of Burgas Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

The passage is named after the settlement of Mugla in southern Bulgaria.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Twelve Apostles Marine National Park
The Twelve Apostles Marine National Park is a protected marine national park located on the south-west coast of Victoria, Australia. The 7,500-hectare (19,000-acre) marine park is situated near Port Campbell and is named after the scenic Twelve Apostles rock stacks, and contains the wreck of the clipper Loch Ard, wrecked on Mutton Bird Island in 1878.  The marine park borders Port Campbell and Great Otway National Parks.

Port Campbell National Park
The Port Campbell National Park is a national park in the south-western district of Victoria, Australia. The 1,750-hectare (4,300-acre) national park is situated approximately 190 kilometres (120 mi) south-west of Melbourne and approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Warrnambool. The park is located adjacent to the Great Otway National Park and the Bay of Islands Coastal Park.
Fay Vincent
Francis Thomas "Fay" Vincent Jr. (May 29, 1938 – February 1, 2025) was an American entertainment lawyer, securities regulator, and sports executive who served as the eighth commissioner of baseball from September 13, 1989, to September 7, 1992.

Donald Fehr
Donald Martin Fehr (born July 18, 1948) is an American former sports executive and union leader. He was the fifth executive director of the NHL Players Association from 2010 to 2023. He became nationally prominent while serving as the executive director of the MLB Players Association from 1983 to 2009.
László Gyimesi (footballer)
László Gyimesi (born 8 September 1957) is a former Hungarian professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was a member of the Hungary national team. Gyimesi works as an active football coach.

Nemzeti Bajnokság I
The Nemzeti Bajnokság (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɛmzɛti ˈbɒjnokʃaːɡ], lit. 'national championship'), also known as NB I or Fizz Liga after its title sponsor, OTP Bank's webshop subsidiary, is a professional association football league in Hungary and the highest level of the Hungarian football league system.

Twelve teams compete in the league, playing each other three times, once at home, once away, and the third match is played at the stadium that the last match was not played at. At the end of the season, the top team enters the qualification rounds for the UEFA Champions League, while the runner-up and the third place, together with the winner of the Magyar Kupa enter the UEFA Conference League qualification rounds. The bottom two clubs are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság II, the second-level league, to be replaced by the winner and the runner up of the NB II.
Paddy O'Rourke (Down footballer)
Paddy O'Rourke (born 1960 in Burren, County Down) is an Irish Gaelic football manager and former player.  He played football with his local club Burren and was a member of the Down senior inter-county team from the 1970s until the 1990s.  O'Rourke captained Down to the All-Ireland title in 1991.  He managed the Armagh senior football team from 2009 top 2012. Paddy's son Pauric was part of the Down minor team in 2008 and Under-21 team in 2010.

Ulster Minor Football Championship
The Ulster Minor Football Championship is the Minor "knockout" competition in the game of Gaelic football played in the province of Ulster in Ireland. The series of games are organised by the Ulster Council. The trophy for the winning side is The Larry Murray Cup. The competition began in 1930, with Armagh winning during the inaugural year. The most successful county to date is Tyrone who have won on 26 occasions. The winner and the beaten finalist represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship.
2018 Toray Pan Pacific Open
The 2018 Toray Pan Pacific Open is a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 35th edition of the Pan Pacific Open, and part of the Premier Series of the 2018 WTA Tour. It took place at the Arena Tachikawa Tachihi in Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan, on 17–23 September 2018.

2018 WTA Tour
The 2018 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the  2018 tennis season. The 2018 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF); the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier); the WTA International tournaments; the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF) and the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2018 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Pittsfield Public Library
The Pittsfield Public Library is located at 110 Library Street in Pittsfield, Maine.  The building it occupies is a Beaux-Arts building designed by Albert Randolph Ross, and was built in 1903-04 with funding assistance from Andrew Carnegie.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.  It is one of the state's oldest Beaux-Arts buildings, and one of the most architecturally distinctive in the town.

Pittsfield, Maine
Pittsfield is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,908 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Pittsfield is home to the Maine Central Institute, a semi-private boarding school, and the annual Central Maine Egg Festival.
Matt Turk
Matthew Edward Turk (born June 16, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He was originally signed by the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 1993. He played college football at the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater. A three-time Pro Bowl selection, Turk was also a member of the Los Angeles Rams, Washington Redskins, Miami Dolphins, New York Jets, St. Louis Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans. He is the 2nd tallest punter in NFL history (tied with 2 others).

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Genetic studies on Gujarati people
The study of the genetics and archaeogenetics of the Gujarati people of India aims at uncovering these people's genetic history. According to the 1000 Genomes Project, "Gujarati" is a general term used to describe people who trace their ancestry to the region of Gujarat, located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, and who speak the Gujarati language, an Indo-European language. They have some genetic commonalities as well as differences with other ethnic groups of India.

Haplogroup R1a
Haplogroup R1a (R-M420), is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to Central Asia, Siberia and South Asia.

The R1a (R-M420) subclade diverged from R1 (R-M173) 15-25,000 years ago, its subclade M417 (R1a1a1) diversified c. 3,400-5,800 years ago. The place of origin of the subclade plays a role in the debate about the origins of Proto-Indo-Europeans.

The SNP mutation R-M420 was discovered after R-M17 (R1a1a), which resulted in a reorganization of the lineage in particular establishing a new paragroup (designated R-M420*) for the relatively rare lineages which are not in the R-SRY10831.2 (R1a1) branch leading to R-M17.
National Translation Mission
National Translation Mission (NTM) is a Government of India initiative to make knowledge texts accessible, in all 22 official languages of the Indian Republic listed in the VIII schedule of the Constitution, through translation. NTM was set up on the recommendation of the National Knowledge Commission. The Ministry of Human Resource Development has designated Central Institute of Indian Languages as the nodal organization for the operationalization of NTM.

National Knowledge Commission
National Knowledge Commission was an Indian think-tank charged with considering possible policies that might sharpen India's comparative advantage in the knowledge-intensive service sectors. It was constituted on 13 June 2005, by the then Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh.

In particular, the Commission was to advise the Prime Minister's Office on policy related to education, research institutes and reforms needed to make India competitive in the knowledge economy. The Commission was to recommend reform of the education sector, research labs, and intellectual property legislation; as well as consider whether the Government could itself upgrade its use of the latest techniques to make its workings more transparent. The NKC website was launched in February 2006.

In July 2014, the National Knowledge Commission was abolished by the incoming government elected in the summer of 2014.
Military bridge
The following is a partial list of Military bridges

AM 50

Armoured vehicle-launched bridge

Bailey bridge

Callender-Hamilton bridge

DSB Dry Support Bridge

Mabey Logistic Support Bridge

MGB Medium Girder Bridge

Pontoon bridge

Medium Girder Bridge
The medium girder bridge (MGB) is a lightweight, man-portable bridge that can be assembled without help from heavy equipment. In addition, it is also a deck type, two-girder bridging system capable of carrying loads up to and including main battle tanks (MBT).

MGB was originally produced by Fairey Engineering Ltd. in Stockport, England, and is still made to this day by its successor WFEL, based on a design by MVEE in Christchurch.

MGB was originally sold to the British Army in 1971, subsequently also being sold to many other nations, including the Canadian, Dutch, Danish, Swiss, German and US Militaries.
Josh Stansbury
Josh Stansbury (born November 19, 1984) is an American former mixed martial artist. He was the light heavyweight North American Allied Fight Series (NAAFS) champion in 2013 and formally fought for Bellator. Stansbury competed in Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

Light heavyweight (MMA)
The light heavyweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes.

The UFC's light heavyweight ranges from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg).

The ONE Championship's light heavyweight division (also known as cruiserweight) has an upper limit of 102.1 kg (225.1 lb).

The Road FC's light heavyweight division places the upper limit at 205 lb (93 kg).

The Misfits MMA's light heavyweight division uses the boxing light heavyweight format. (175 Ib limit).

Light heavyweight is a weight class in mixed martial arts, which generally refers to competitors weighing from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg). It sits between the lighter middleweight division, and the heavyweight division. The light heavyweight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 206 lb (93 kg).
51st Telluride Film Festival
The 51st Telluride Film Festival took place between August 30 and September 2, 2024, in Telluride, Colorado. American filmmaker Kenneth Lonergan was chosen as the festival Guest Director. Luke Dorman, the Principal Graphic Designer at Meow Wolf, returned as the Guest Designer.

The Telluride Film Festival Silver Medallion was presented to French filmmaker Jacques Audiard, Irish actress Saoirse Ronan and American editor Thelma Schoonmaker. While the Special Medallion was to award to French film company Les Films du Losange.

Telluride Film Festival
The Telluride Film Festival (TFF) is a film festival held annually in Telluride, Colorado, during Labor Day weekend (the first Monday in September). The 52nd edition took place on August 29 – September 1, 2025.
Mary Magdalene as Melancholy
Mary Magdalene as Melancholy is a 1622–1625 painting by Artemisia Gentileschi, showing Mary Magdalene as a personification of Melancholia. It is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City.

It is an autograph copy of Penitent Magdalene by the artist now in the Treasury of Seville Cathedral, although X-ray examination has shown that the fabric on the saint's shoulder is wider in the Seville version and was probably added later to fit with the canons of the Catholic Church. This has also demonstrated that the two faces are different - the Mexico City version seems to be a self-portrait by comparison with Judith Slaying Holofernes and Cleopatra - and that there are corrections in the brushstrokes in the Seville version but not in the Mexico City variant.

Judith Slaying Holofernes (Artemisia Gentileschi, Naples)
Judith Slaying Holofernes is a painting by the Italian early Baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi, completed in 1612–13 and now at the Museo Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.

The picture is considered one of her iconic works. The canvas shows Judith beheading Holofernes. The subject takes an episode from the deuterocanonical Book of Judith in the Old Testament,  which recounts the assassination of the Assyrian general Holofernes by the Israelite heroine Judith. The painting shows the moment when Judith, helped by her maidservant Abra, beheads the general after he has fallen asleep in a drunken stupor. She painted a second version (now in the Uffizi, Florence) somewhere between 1613 and 1621.

Early feminist critics interpreted the painting as a form of visual revenge following Gentileschi's rape by Agostino Tassi in 1611; similarly many other art historians see the painting in the context of her achievement in portraying strong women.
Burmese literature
The literature of Myanmar (Burmese: မြန်မာစာပေ) spans over a millennium. The Burmese language, unlike other Southeast Asian languages (e.g. Thai, Khmer), adopted words primarily from Pāli rather than from Sanskrit. In addition, Burmese literature tends to reflect local folklore and culture.

Burmese literature has historically been a very important aspect of Burmese life steeped in the Pali Canon of Buddhism. Traditionally, Burmese children were educated by monks in monasteries in towns and villages. During British colonial rule, instruction was formalised and unified, and often bilingual, in both English and Burmese known as Anglo-Vernacular. Burmese literature played a key role in disseminating nationalism among the Burmese during the colonial era, with writers such as Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, an outspoken critic of British colonialism in Burma.

Beginning soon after self-rule, government censorship in Burma has been heavy, stifling literary expression.

Hmawbi Saya Thein
Hmawbi Saya Thein (Burmese: မော်ပီဆရာသိန်း, pronounced [mɔ̀bì sʰəjá θéiɰ̃]; 31 March 1862 – 1 January 1942) was a Burmese writer, known for his articles on Burmese culture and history.

In his travels around the country Thein collected many historical artifacts, manuscripts, traditions and oral history related to Burmese history and culture. Based on his research and collection, he wrote many articles about Burmese culture and history in magazines in colonial Burma. Many of the articles were later collected, some posthumously, and published in book form.