hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baiyang Township
Baiyang Township (Chinese: 柏洋; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍eh-iôⁿ) is a township -level administrative unit under the jurisdiction of Xiapu County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. In 2017, the administrative area was 17,289 hectares, and the permanent population was 10,676.

Baiyang Township is located in the northwest mountainous area of Xiapu County.

Ningde
Ningde, previously romanized as Ningteh and Ning-Taik, is a city located along the northeastern coast of Fujian, China. It borders the provincial capital of Fuzhou City to the south, Wenzhou Prefecture of Zhejiang to the north, and Nanping to the west.

The prefecture-level Ningde City administers 1 district, 2 cities, 6 counties, as well as 124 towns, townships and subdistricts. Listed below are the district, cities and counties, first four of which are coastal whereas the rest are located in mountainous areas.

Situated roughly 300 kilometres (190 mi) north of the Tropic of Cancer, the prefecture of Ningde spans 13,500 square kilometres (5,200 sq mi) in land area. Like the rest of the province, Ningde sits in a mountainous region but it also enjoys almost 200 kilometres (120 mi) of coastline facing the East China Sea. Ningde is listed No.2 in China Integrated City Index 2016's environmental ranking, a study conducted by the National Development and Reform Commission.
John Holkell
Sir John Holkell (died 28 June 1771) was an English governmental functionary. He was the Acting Governor of Bombay for a short time at the start of 1760; he was relieved of his command by the arrival of Charles Crommelin on 28 February 1760.

Holkell married Mary Bray (1738–1801) in October 1758; they had no children. He died at Bombay on 28 June 1771. He was buried at St. Thomas's in the Fort.

Charles Crommelin
Charles Crommelin (1717–1788) was a Governor of Bombay during the British Raj from 1760 to 1767.

Crommelin was born in Bombay, where his father, Marc Anthony Crommelin was a factor for the British East India Company.  Charles first joined the staff of the East India Company in 1733.
1869 Bewdley by-election
The 1869 Bewdley by-election was held on 11 March 1869.  The Parliamentary by-election was called due to the voiding of the 1868 election of the incumbent MP, the Conservative Party's Richard Atwood Glass.  It was won by the Conservative Party candidate John Cunliffe.

On petition Cunliffe was unseated and his liberal opponent Augustus Anson was declared elected.  He was re-elected in the 1874 general election.

Bewdley (UK Parliament constituency)
Bewdley was the name of a constituency of the House of Commons of England from 1605 and from 1707 the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1950.  Until 1885 it was a parliamentary borough in Worcestershire, represented by one Member of Parliament; the name was then transferred to a county constituency from 1885 until 1950. Its MPs included the former Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, who represented the seat from 1908 to 1937, and afterwards took the name of the constituency as part of his title when he was raised to the peerage.
Buffer Island
Buffer Island is a mostly ice-covered island lying west of the Wordie Ice Shelf, 17 kilometres (9 nmi) northwest of Mount Balfour, Fallières Coast. The feature was photographed from aircraft by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947. Following survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1958 it was named "Buffer Ice Rise" by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee (UK-APC) because it obstructed the northwestward flow of the ice shelf in this vicinity. The UK-APC amended the name to Buffer Island following a general eastward recession of the Wordie Ice Front in about 1999, which disclosed the feature to be an island.

Wordie Ice Shelf
The Wordie Ice Shelf (69°15′S 67°45′W﻿ / ﻿69.250°S 67.750°W﻿ / -69.250; -67.750) was a confluent glacier projecting as an ice shelf into the SE part of Marguerite Bay between Cape Berteaux and Mount Edgell, along the western coast of Antarctic Peninsula.

In March 2008, the British Antarctic Survey reported that it appeared ready to break away from the Antarctic Peninsula. By April 2009 it had done so, vanishing completely.

Discovered by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill, 1934–37, who named this feature for Sir James Wordie, Honorary Secretary (later President) of the Royal Geographical Society, member of the Discovery Committee, and chairman of the Scott Polar Research Institute. He also had been geologist and Chief of the Scientific Staff of the British expedition, 1914–16, under Ernest Shackleton.
Büyükbakkalköy
Büyükbakkalköy is a former Greek village of Anatolia, now a neighborhood (mahalle) in the district of Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.

Büyükbakkalköy is the easternmost neighborhood of Maltepe. It is bordered on the north by the Ataşehir neighborhoods of İnönü, Kayışdağı, Mimar Sinan, and Ferhatpasa; on the east by the Sancaktepe neighborhoods of Eyüp Sultan and Fatih and the Kartal neighborhoods of Yakacık Çarşı, Uğur Mumcu, and Gümüşpınar; on the south by the Kartal neighborhoods of Gümüşpınar, Soğanlık Yeni, and Cevizli; and on the west by the Maltepe neighborhoods of Cevizli, Esenkent, Gülensu, Zumrutevler, and Başıbüyük.

Its population is 7779 (2023).

Sancaktepe
Sancaktepe is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 63 km2, and its population is 489,848 (2022).

In 2008 the district Sancaktepe was created from parts of the districts Kartal and Ümraniye. The urban part of the new district was established as a municipality. At the 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation, the rural part of the district was integrated into the municipality, the villages becoming neighbourhoods.
Jumbo, Zimbabwe
Jumbo is a village in the province of Mashonaland Central, Zimbabwe. It is located in the Mazowe valley about 10 km north-east of Mazowe. According to the 1982 Population Census, the village had a population of 4,253 people. Ancient gold workings have been found in the area. The village grew around the Jumbo Mine, established in 1890.

17°28′S 30°55′E﻿ / ﻿17.467°S 30.917°E﻿ / -17.467; 30.917

.jumbo dam has an ongoing project of Acqua culture  and recreational facilities. It is located 12kms west of Mazowe  township.main activities  will be fish farming. Boat cruising and more activities

Mazowe
Mazowe is a village in Mashonaland Central province in Zimbabwe.

The origin of the name Mazowe or Mazoe, according to Phillippa Berlyn, writing in 1970, the name is a corruption of the word manzou, or nyanzou, meaning the “place of the elephants”.
Tanks of the Israel Defense Forces
This article deals with the history and development of tanks of the Israel Defense Forces (particularly Israeli Ground Forces), from their first use after World War II in the establishment of the State of Israel after the end of the British Mandate, and into the Cold War and what today is considered the modern era.

7th Armored Brigade (Israel)
The 7th "Saar me-Golan" Armored Brigade (Hebrew: חטיבה שבע, Hativa Sheva) is a military formation of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Formed during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and still in operation, it is the oldest armored brigade in the IDF. Since then, the brigade has taken part in all the IDF's main operations, and stands today as one of 3 main armoured brigades of the IDF.
Ulysses (1954 film)
Ulysses (Italian: Ulisse) is a 1954 fantasy adventure film based on Homer's epic poem Odyssey. The film is directed by Mario Camerini, who co-wrote the screenplay with writer Franco Brusati, and produced by Dino De Laurentiis and Carlo Ponti. It stars Kirk Douglas in the title role, Silvana Mangano in a dual role as Penelope and Circe, and Anthony Quinn as Antinous.

The film is an international co-production between Italy, France, and the United States. It premiered in Italy on October 6, 1954, and was released in the United States by Paramount Pictures the following year.

G. W. Pabst
Georg Wilhelm Pabst (25 August 1885 – 29 May 1967) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. He started as an actor and theater director, before becoming one of the most influential German-language filmmakers during the Weimar Republic.
Sexual desire and intimate relationships
Definitions of sexual desire are broad and understandings of sexual desire are subjective. However, the development of various ways of measuring the construct allows for extensive research to be conducted that facilitates the investigation of influences of sexual desire. Particular differences have been observed between the sexes in terms of understanding sexual desire both with regard to one's own sexual desires, as well as what others desire sexually. These beliefs and understandings all contribute to how people behave and interact with others, particularly in terms of various types of intimate relationships.

Human sexual response cycle
The human sexual response cycle is a four-stage model of physiological responses to sexual stimulation, which, in order of their occurrence, are the excitement, plateau, orgasmic, and resolution phases. This physiological response model was first formulated by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson, in their 1966 book Human Sexual Response. Since that time, other models regarding human sexual response have been formulated by several scholars who have criticized certain inaccuracies in the human sexual response cycle model.
Olgrinmore
Olgrinmore is a small area in Halkirk, Northern Scotland, south of Thurso and John o' Groats.  The B870 runs directly through the centre with Scotscalder to the north and Westerdale to the south.  The nearest transport link can be found at Scotscalder railway station which is on the Far North Line.  There are no bus services and few footpaths.  The nearest car park is in Scotscalder at the railway station.

John o' Groats
John o' Groats (Scottish Gaelic: Taigh Iain Ghròta) is a village 2+1⁄2 miles (4 kilometres) northeast of Canisbay, in the historic county of Caithness, Scotland. It lies on Scotland's north-eastern tip and is popular with tourists. The northernmost point of mainland Scotland is nearby Dunnet Head and the northeastern corner is nearby Duncansby Head.

John o' Groats is sited 690 mi (1,110 km) from London, 280 mi (450 km) from Edinburgh, 6 mi (10 km) from the Orkney Isles and 2,200 mi (3,500 km) from the North Pole; it is 4+1⁄4 mi (7 km) from the uninhabited Island of Stroma.

In summer, a ferry operates between John o' Groats and Burwick on South Ronaldsay in Orkney.
Nieuport-Delage NiD-120
The Nieuport-Delage NiD 120 was a French single-seat parasol monoplane fighter aircraft built during the 1930s. It was built in several versions that were fitted with different engines. Rejected for service with the French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) after a fatal crash in 1933, only a dozen aircraft were built for the Peruvian Air Force (Cuerpo de Aviación del Perú). Deliveries began at the end of 1934, but the NiD 121s were only service for a few years before a crippling shortage of spare parts after the French aviation industry was nationalized after a series of strikes in 1936. The Peruvian Air Force had exhausted its inventory of spares by early 1939 and the surviving aircraft were scrapped in  late 1940.

Hispano-Suiza 12Y
The Hispano-Suiza 12Y was an aircraft engine produced by Hispano-Suiza for the French Air Force before the Second World War. The 12Y became the primary French 1,000 hp (750 kW) class engine and was used in a number of famous aircraft, including the Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and Dewoitine D.520.

Its design was based on the earlier, and somewhat smaller, 12X. The 12X did not see widespread use before the 12Y replaced it and became one of the most powerful French designs on the eve of the war. The 12Z was being designed but this was ended by the fall of France and the German occupation.

The 12Y was produced under Hispano-Suiza licence in the Soviet Union as the Klimov M-100. This design led to the highly successful Klimov VK-105 series that powered the Yakovlev and Lavochkin fighters as well as the Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber. Licensed production of the early models was also undertaken in Czechoslovakia as the Avia HS 12Ydrs and in Switzerland as the HS-77.
Lowell S. Brown
Lowell S. Brown (February 15, 1934 – April 5, 2023) was an American theoretical physicist who was a staff scientist and laboratory fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory, and professor emeritus of physics at University of Washington.  He was a student of Julian Schwinger at Harvard University and a recipient of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship.  Brown authored a book on Quantum Field Theory that has received over 5,000 citations,
and authored or co-authored over 150 articles that have accumulated over 11,000 citations. Brown died on April 5, 2023, at the age of 89.

Physical Review
Physical Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal was established in 1893 by Edward Nichols. It publishes original research as well as scientific and literature reviews on all aspects of physics. It is published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal is in its third series, and is split in several sub-journals each covering a particular field of physics. It has a sister journal, Physical Review Letters, which publishes shorter articles of broader interest.
PES (director)
Adam Pesapane (born May 26, 1973), known by the pseudonym PES, is an American director and animator. He has created several stop motion films and commercials, which has earned him nominations for an Oscar and an Emmy Award.

After receiving a B.A. in English Literature at the University of Virginia, PES migrated to film as a storytelling medium. He earned critical acclaim for the short film Fresh Guacamole (2012), which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, making it the shortest film ever nominated for an Oscar. He created "Paper", a commercial for Honda Motor Co., which earned him a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Commercial in 2016.

PES' distinct use of everyday objects and stop-motion animation has garnered a positive reception from critics and audiences. His other known works are the short films Roof Sex, KaBoom!, Game Over and Western Spaghetti.

Boxing glove
Boxing gloves are cushioned gloves that fighters wear on their hands during boxing matches and practices. Unlike "fist-load weapons" (such as the ancient cestus) which were designed as a lethal weapon, modern boxing gloves are non-lethal, designed to protect both the opponent's head and the fighter's hand during a bout. Sparring and other forms of boxing training have their own specialized gloves.
Nieuw-Strijen
Nieuw-Strijen is a polder and a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland, located on the island of Tholen. The small village "Nieuw-Strijen" is now called Strijenham.

Nieuw-Strijen was a separate municipality until 1813, when it was merged with Poortvliet.

Tholen
Tholen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtoːlə(n)] ⓘ) is a 25,000 people municipality in the southwest of the Netherlands. The municipality of Tholen takes its name from the town of Tholen, which is the largest population center in the municipality.

The municipality consists of two peninsulas, formerly islands, the larger one on the south also called Tholen, the smaller one on the north called Sint Philipsland. The two are separated by the former strait, now bay, of Krabbenkreek. The municipality is bordered on the east by the Eendracht, once a Scheldt branch but now part of the Scheldt-Rhine Canal, crossed by three road bridges, by the Oosterschelde estuary to the south, the straits of Keeten-Mastgat to the west and the Krammer strait to the north.

The town has a small historical center partly surrounded by a "gracht" and partly bordered by a harbour for fishing boats and yachts.
Diploknema
Diploknema is a genus of plant in the Sapotaceae described as a genus in 1884.

Diploknema is native to Southeast Asia, the Himalayas, and southwestern China.

Species

Diploknema butyracea (Roxb.) H.J.Lam - Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Tibet, Andaman Islands

Diploknema butyraceoides (M.B.Scott) H.J.Lam - Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar

Diploknema oligomera H.J.Lam - Aceh, Maluku

Diploknema ramiflora (Merr.) H.J.Lam - Luzon

Diploknema sebifera Pierre - Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo

Diploknema siamensis Fletcher - southern Thailand

Diploknema yunnanensis D.D.Tao, Z.H.Yang & Q.T.Zhang - Yunnan

Diploknema sebifera
Diploknema sebifera is a plant in the family Sapotaceae. It grows as a tree up to 40 metres (130 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 60 centimetres (24 in). The bark is greyish brown. Inflorescences bear up to 10 reddish brown flowers. Fruit is ellipsoid, up to 6 centimetres (2 in) long. Habitat is lowland dipterocarp forests from sea-level to 200 metres (700 ft) altitude. D. sebifera is endemic to Borneo.
2001 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2001 Vuelta a España was the 56th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Salamanca, with an individual time trial on 8 September, and Stage 12 occurred on 20 September with a stage from Ordino. The race finished in Madrid on 30 September.

2001 Vuelta a España
The 56th edition of the Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance stage race and one of the three Grand Tours, was held from 8 September to 30 September 2001. It consisted of 21 stages covering a total of 3,012 km (1,872 mi), and was won by Ángel Casero of the Festina cycling team at a speed of 42.534 km/h (26.429 mph).

This edition of the Vuelta was notable for its final-stage time trial, during which Casero overcame a 25-second lead held by Óscar Sevilla of Kelme–Costa Blanca to win, while American Levi Leipheimer of U.S. Postal Service managed to move past both teammate Roberto Heras and Juan Miguel Mercado to take third and become the first American ever to achieve a podium finish in the Vuelta.  Additionally, Guido Trenti became the first American ever to win a stage in the race.
Platanthera chapmanii
Platanthera chapmanii, common names Chapman's fringed orchid and Chapman's orange-fringed orchid, is an orchid that grows in Northern Florida and adjacent southeastern Georgia as well as in southeastern Texas. It is a monocot in the family Orchidaceae. It is part of the genus Platanthera, meaning wide anther in Latin.

Platanthera
The genus Platanthera belongs to the subfamily Orchidoideae of the family Orchidaceae, and comprises about 150 species of orchids. The members of this genus, known as the butterfly orchids or fringed orchids, were previously included in the genus Orchis, which is a close relative (along with the genus Habenaria). They are distributed throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are terrestrial and have tubercules. The genomes of Platanthera zijinensis and Platanthera guangdongensis have been sequenced as model species to study partial and full mycoheterotrophy.
William Winter (chess player)
William Winter (11 September 1897 – 18 December 1955) was a British chess player. He won the British Open Chess Championship in 1934 and the British Chess Championship in 1935 and 1936. An acolyte of Siegbert Tarrasch, his sound, strategic play enabled him to defeat a number of the world's top players, including David Bronstein, Aron Nimzowitsch and Milan Vidmar. However, his health and tactical play were insufficiently strong to enable him to repeat these victories on a consistent basis.

David Bronstein
David Ionovich Bronstein (Russian: Дави́д Ио́нович Бронште́йн; February 19, 1924 – December 5, 2006) was a Soviet and Russian chess player. Awarded the title of International Grandmaster by FIDE in 1950, he narrowly missed becoming World Chess Champion in 1951. Bronstein was one of the world's strongest players from the mid-1940s into the mid-1970s, and was described by his peers as a creative genius and master of tactics. He was also a renowned chess writer; his book Zurich International Chess Tournament 1953 is widely considered one of the greatest chess books ever written.
2019 Ivy League men's basketball tournament
The 2019 Ivy League men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Ivy League of the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held on March 16 and 17, 2019, at the John J. Lee Amphitheater on the campus of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. League co-champions Harvard and Yale met in the final with Yale winning 97–85. Yale received the Ivy League's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament. Yale lost 74–79 in the first round to (3) LSU.

This was the last Ivy League tournament to be held for three years due to COVID-19 disruptions. The 2020 edition was never played, and the Ivy League canceled its entire 2020–21 season.

2018–19 Yale Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Yale Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Yale University during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by 20th-year head coach James Jones, played their home games at John J. Lee Amphitheater of the Payne Whitney Gymnasium in New Haven, Connecticut as members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 22–8 to finish a tie for 1st place. In the Ivy Tournament, they beat Princeton in the semifinals and beating Harvard in the Ivy Championship to win the Ivy League title. They received an automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament getting a 14th seed before losing to LSU in the first round.
Nassau (Verbandsgemeinde)
Nassau is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. In January 2019 it was merged into the new Verbandsgemeinde Bad Ems-Nassau. Its seat was in Nassau.

The Verbandsgemeinde Nassau consisted of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

50°19′01″N 7°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿50.317°N 7.800°E﻿ / 50.317; 7.800

Rhein-Lahn-Kreis
Rhein-Lahn-Kreis is a district (Kreis) in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Westerwaldkreis, Limburg-Weilburg, Rheingau-Taunus, Mainz-Bingen, Rhein-Hunsrück, Mayen-Koblenz, and the district-free city Koblenz.
Tropical Storm Philippe (2017)
Tropical Storm Philippe was a weak and disorganized tropical cyclone which affected Central America, Cuba, and Florida during October 2017. The sixteenth named storm of the extremely-active 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Philippe originated from the interaction of a tropical wave which exited the coast of West Africa on October 16, and the Central American Gyre on October 24. This formed a broad area of low pressure the next day, that later organized into a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC on October 28. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Philippe just six hours later, before making landfall west of the Bay of Pigs in Cuba just a few hours later. Philippe quickly degraded into a tropical depression inland, before dissipating at 0:00 UTC the following day. The remnants later formed into a new low pressure area off the coast of Florida before merging with a cold front, later that same day.

Tropical cyclone warnings and watches
Tropical cyclone warnings and watches are alerts issued by national weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a tropical cyclone of tropical storm or hurricane intensity. They are notices to the local population and civil authorities to make appropriate preparation for the cyclone, including evacuation of vulnerable areas where necessary. It is important that interests throughout the area of an alert make preparations to protect life and property, and do not disregard it on the strength of the detailed forecast track.