hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shadow Network
The Shadow Network is a China-based computer espionage operation that stole classified documents and emails from the Indian government, the office of the Dalai Lama, and other high-level government networks. This incident is the second cyber espionage operation of this sort by China, discovered by researchers at the Information Warfare Monitor, following the discovery of GhostNet in March 2009. The Shadow Network report "Shadows in the Cloud: Investigating Cyber Espionage 2.0" was released on 6 April 2010, approximately one year after the publication of "Tracking GhostNet."

The cyber spying network made use of Internet services, such as social networking and cloud computing platforms. The services included Twitter, Google Groups, Baidu, Yahoo Mail, Blogspot, and blog.com, which were used to host malware and infect computers with malicious software.

Shadowserver Foundation
Shadowserver Foundation is a nonprofit security organization that gathers and analyzes data on malicious Internet activity (including malware, botnets, and computer fraud), sends daily network reports to subscribers, and works with law enforcement organizations around the world in cybercrime investigations. Established in 2004 as a "volunteer watchdog group," it liaises with national governments, CSIRTs, network providers, academic institutions, financial institutions, Fortune 500 companies, and end users to improve Internet security, enhance product capability, advance research, and dismantle criminal infrastructure. Shadowserver provides its data at no cost to national CSIRTs (by geo code) and network owners (according to their network space).
All-China Youth Federation
The All-China Youth Federation (ACYF) is a people's organization that represents many youth groups in the People's Republic of China, and is managed by the Communist Youth League of China. It was founded on 4 May 1949. Former paramount leaders and General Secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Jintao and Jiang Zemin were both members.

People's organization
People's organization (Chinese: 人民團體) is a generic term for organizations in the People's Republic of China excluding governments, the official departments of government, and state-owned enterprises or institutions, yet are recognized to be a part of Chinese Communist Party's united front.
Xie clan of Chen
The Xie clan of Chen Commandery (陳郡謝氏) was a prominent clan, originating in Chen Commandery (modern-day Zhoukou, Henan). First rising to prominence in the Eastern Jin period, they retained their importance throughout the Southern dynasties in the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, along with such clans as the Wang clan of Langya, with which they were often associated as "Wang-Xie" (王謝).

Wang clan of Langya
The Wang clan of Langya (or Langye) (Chinese: 琅琊王氏) was a Chinese clan which gained political prominence during the Han dynasty and became one of the most powerful non-imperial clans during the Eastern Jin period.
Transport in Brunei
Transport in Brunei consists of air, land, and sea transport. Previously there was some rail transport in Brunei, but eventually most of it was closed down. Several public and commercial sector organizations are in charge of creating and overseeing these networks and infrastructures. The Ministry of Transport and Infocommunications (MTIC) is in charge of overseeing the maritime and aviation industries, as well as planning and regulating all kinds of land transportation.

Ministry of Transport and Infocommunications
The Ministry of Transport and Infocommunications (MTIC; Malay: Kementerian Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi), formerly known as the Ministry of Communications (Kementerian Perhubungan), is a cabinet-level ministry in the government of Brunei which oversees civil aviation, land and maritime transport, telecommunications and meteorology in the country. It is currently led by a minister and the incumbent is Pengiran Shamhary Pengiran Mustapha, who took office since 7 June 2022. The ministry is headquartered in Bandar Seri Begawan.
Diving at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's synchronized 3 metre springboard
The men's synchronized 3 metre springboard competition of the diving events at the 2015 Pan American Games will be held on July 13 at the CIBC Pan Am/Parapan Am Aquatics Centre and Field House in Toronto, Canada. The winner of the competition will qualify his country a quota place for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. If the host nation of the Olympics wins the event, the runner up will qualify instead.

The synchronized diving competitions all consist of one round. All teams compete in a single round of six dives.

Seven judges evaluate each dive, giving the diver a score between 0 and 10 with increments of 0.5; scores below 7.0 or above 9.5 are rare. The two highest and two lowest scores from each judge are dropped. The remaining three scores are summed, and multiplied by the degree of difficulty of the dive to give the total score for the dive. Scores from each dive in the round are summed to give the round score.

Diving at the 2015 Pan American Games
Diving competitions at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto were held from July 10 to 13 at the Toronto Pan Am Sports Centre (CIBC Pan Am/Parapan Am Aquatics Centre and Field House). Due to naming rights the arena were known as the latter for the duration of the games. Due to Pan American Games being scheduled to be held roughly around the same time as the 2015 World Aquatics Championships scheduled for Kazan, Russia, the diving begin on the day of the opening ceremony (when events are traditionally not held on the day of the ceremony). A total of eight diving events were held: four each for men and women.

The winners of the four individual competitions, will qualify their country a quota place for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. If the host nation of the Olympics (Brazil) wins the event, the runner up will qualify instead.
Enspijk
Enspijk is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of West Betuwe, and lies about 14km (8.69 miles) west of Tiel.

Enspijk was first mentioned in 1148 as Inspic, and means promontory. The en (inwards) was added to distinguish from neighbouring Spijk. Enspijk developed as a concentrated esdorp perpendicular to the dike of the Linge. The Dutch Reformed Church dates from the early 15th century and is a replacement of a 13th century church. The tower was built at the end of the 15th century. Huis te Enspijk was a castle. It was probably built in the 15th century, and was demolished in 1828. In 1840, it was home to 247 people.

West Betuwe
West Betuwe is a municipality in the Dutch province of Gelderland.
West Betuwe had 51.948 inhabitants on 1 January 2022.

The municipality was formed on 1 January 2019 by the merger of the municipalities Geldermalsen, Neerijnen, Lingewaal.
2023 CS Autumn Classic International
The 2023 CS Autumn Classic International was held on September 14–16, 2023, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was part of the 2023–24 ISU Challenger Series. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

2023–24 ISU Challenger Series
The 2023–24 ISU Challenger Series was held from September to December 2023. It was the tenth season that the ISU Challenger Series, a group of senior-level international figure skating competitions, was held.
1925 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 9
The 1925 Tour de France was the 19th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a flat stage on 21 June, and Stage 9 occurred on 3 July with a mountainous stage to Perpignan. The race finished in Paris on 19 July.

1925 Tour de France
The 1925 Tour de France was the 19th edition of the Tour de France. It was held from 21 June to 19 July, over 5,440 km (3,380 mi) in 18 stages. Italian Ottavio Bottecchia successfully defended his 1924 victory to win his second consecutive Tour. Only 49 of the 130 participants finished the course.
Alarm-class torpedo gunboat
The Alarm-class torpedo gunboat was the penultimate class of torpedo gunboat built for the Royal Navy. The class was contemporary with the early torpedo boat destroyers, which were faster and thus better suited to pursue of enemy torpedo boats. By the First World War, ships of the class had either been sold, converted to submarine depot ships or minesweepers, or reduced to harbour service.  Three of the 11 completed torpedo gunboats of the Alarm class were lost during the war while serving in the minesweeping role.

Havock-class destroyer
The Havock class was a class of torpedo boat destroyer (TBD) of the British Royal Navy. The two ships, Havock and Hornet, built in London in 1893 by Yarrow & Company, were the first TBDs to be completed for the Royal Navy, although the equivalent pair from J.I. Thornycroft, Daring and Decoy, were ordered five days earlier.
Crestwood High School (Michigan)
Crestwood High School (CHS) is a public, magnet high school in Dearborn Heights, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 1965, and is located on Beech Daly Road between Ford Road and Cherry Hill Road. It is a part of the Crestwood School District.

Crestwood School District (Michigan)
Crestwood School District is a school district in Dearborn Heights, Michigan, serving the northwest portions of the city.

By 2016 the Arab American student population was increasing due to an influx of Arabs into Dearborn Heights.
Wagendrift Nature Reserve
Wagendrift Nature Reserve is a 980-hectare (2,400-acre) protected area situated around the Wagendrift Dam on the Bushmans River, approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Estcourt in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, South Africa. Managed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, the reserve preserves a combination of highland aquatic habitats and significant archaeological sites.

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (officially, the KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Board) is a governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wildlife conservation areas and biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Their headquarters is in Queen Elizabeth Park situated on the northern slopes of Pietermaritzburg, the KwaZulu-Natal provincial capital. Prior to 1994, it was known as the Natal Parks Board.
Rugby Europe Women's Championship
The Rugby Europe Women's Championship is an international competition contested between women's national rugby union teams who are members of Rugby Europe. The competition has its origins in a four nation "European Cup" held in 1988 but did not become an official FIRA competition until 1995. The competition has grown significantly and is divided into three divisions, viz. the Championship, Trophy and Conference.

France women's national rugby union team
The France women's national rugby union team represents France in women's international rugby union. They played the first-ever women's rugby union test match against the Netherlands on 13 June 1982. They compete annually in the Women's Six Nations Championship and have placed third in seven of nine Rugby World Cups.
Percy Knapp
Wallace Percy Knapp (July 8, 1863 – August 29, 1917) was an American tennis player active in the late 19th century.

Knapp reached the All-Comers final of the U.S. National Championships in 1885 (beating Howard Taylor and Joseph Clark before losing to Godfrey Brinley) and 1890 (beating Clarence Hobart before losing to Oliver Campbell). Knapp also reached the semifinals in 1884 and 1889.

Oliver Campbell
Oliver Samuel Edward Michael Campbell (February 25, 1871 – July 11, 1953) was an American male tennis player who won the three consecutive singles titles at the U.S. Championships from 1890 through 1892.
2023 Polish Open – Singles
Dayana Yastremska won the singles title at the 2023 Polish Open, defeating Greet Minnen in the final, 2–6, 6-1, 6–3.

Kateřina Siniaková was the reigning champion, but chose to participate in the Canadian Open instead.

2023 Polish Open
The 2023 Polish Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and first ever as a WTA 125 event which was also part of the 2023 WTA 125 tournaments. It took place at the Akademia Tenisowa Tenis Kozerki in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland between 7 and 12 August 2023.
2025 Colorado State Rams football team
The 2025 Colorado State Rams football team represented Colorado State University as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW) during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Rams played their home games at Canvas Stadium located in Fort Collins, Colorado.

The 2025 season was the final season in the Mountain West Conference as Colorado State will move to the Pac-12 Conference in 2026.

The Rams were led by fourth-year head coach Jay Norvell for the first seven games of the season. Norvell was fired on October 19 following a 2–5 start to the season, finishing his tenure with the Rams with an overall record of 18–26. Defensive coordinator Tyson Summers was named the team's interim coach for the rest of the season.

The Colorado State Rams recorded the 2nd highest average home attendance among college football teams in the state of Colorado, with 31,901 spectators per game. The Colorado Buffaloes recorded the highest average with 50,469.

Canvas Stadium
Canvas Stadium, officially Sonny Lubick Field at Canvas Stadium, is an outdoor college football stadium in the Western United States, located on the campus of Colorado State University (CSU) in Fort Collins, Colorado.

The home field of the CSU Rams of the Mountain West Conference, it opened on August 5, 2017, and hosted its first game three weeks later. It replaced Sonny Lubick Field at Hughes Stadium, which had been the Rams' home since 1968. Canvas Stadium has a seating capacity of 36,500, but can hold as many as 41,000.

The field has a conventional north–south alignment at an elevation of 5,003 feet (1,525 m) above sea level.
Txemi Urtasun
José Miguel "Txemi" Urtasun Uriz (born April 30, 1984) is a Spanish professional basketball player for Ourense of the LEB Oro. He is a 6-foot-4-inch (1.93 m) tall shooting guard. His twin brother, Álex Urtasun, is also a professional basketball player.

Real Betis Baloncesto
Real Betis Baloncesto S.A.D., simply known as  Real Betis, is a professional basketball team based in Seville, Spain. The team last played in the Primera FEB, the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It plays its home games at San Pablo.
Sjoeke Nüsken
Sjoeke Nüsken (German: [ˈsjɔʊkə ˈnʏskŋ̍]; born 22 January 2001) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder or defender for Women's Super League club Chelsea and the Germany national team. She is known for her versatility, positioning, and goalscoring.

2017 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship
The 2017 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship (also known as UEFA Women's Under-17 Euro 2017) was the tenth edition of the UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship, the annual international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the women's under-17 national teams of Europe. The Czech Republic, which were selected by UEFA on 26 January 2015, hosted the tournament.

A total of eight teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2000 eligible to participate. Each match had a duration of 80 minutes, consisting of two halves of 40 minutes with a 15-minute half-time.
Friedrich Kadgien
Friedrich Gustav Kadgien (23 June 1907 – 1978) was a German businessman, financier, lawyer and high ranking Nazi official who oversaw the Nazi looting of diamonds and gold from occupied countries  and served as special representative of the Four Year Plan during Nazi Germany.

Nazi plunder
Nazi authorities systematically plundered art and valuables from occupied European countries. Jewish property was looted beginning in 1933 in Germany and was a key part of the Holocaust. Nazis also plundered occupied countries, sometimes with direct seizures, and sometimes under the guise of protecting art through Kunstschutz units. In addition to gold, silver, and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books, and religious treasures.

Many of the artworks looted by the Nazis were recovered by the Allies' Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men and Women), following the war; however many of them are still missing or were returned to countries but not to their original owners. An international effort to identify Nazi plunder which still remains unaccounted for is underway, with the ultimate aim of returning the items to their rightful owners, their families, or their respective countries.
19th Infantry Brigade (Hungary)
The 19th Infantry Brigade was a formation of the Royal Hungarian Army that participated in the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia during World War II.

It was formed in Miskolc on January 23, 1939.

The 19th Infantry Brigade was redesignated 19th Light Division on 17 February 1942.

Royal Hungarian Army
The Royal Hungarian Army (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség, German: Königlich Ungarische Armee) was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers during World War II.
The Benton Review
The Benton Review is a weekly newspaper serving Benton, Jasper, Newton, Tippecanoe, Warren and White counties in Indiana.  It began July 1875 as the Benton Democrat; by 1902 it was bought by George Roby as the Benton Review, and he combined it with the Fowler Leader in 1914. The paper's masthead describes it as a combination of the Fowler Leader (founded 1893 by John P. Carr) and the Fowler Republican.

Benton County, Indiana
Benton County is located in the northwest part of the U.S. state of Indiana, along the border with Illinois. As of 2020, the county's population was 8,719. It contains six incorporated towns as well as several small unincorporated settlements; it is divided into 11 townships which provide local services. The county seat is Fowler. Benton County is part of the Lafayette, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Denison Island
Denison Island  is an Antarctic island lying 0.5 kilometres (0.25 nmi) west of Beall Island in the Windmill Islands. It was first mapped from air photos taken by USN Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. It was named by the US-ACAN for Dean R. Denison, auroral scientist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1958.

Beall Island
Beall Island is a rocky island with small coves indenting the eastern and western sides, lying 600 m (660 yd) south-west of the Bailey Peninsula, in the Windmill Islands on the Budd Coast of Antarctica. There are several small lakes on the island. It was first mapped from aerial photos taken by the USN's Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. It was named by the US-ACAN for James M. Beall, U.S. Weather Bureau observer with Operation Windmill who assisted staff aerology officers with forecasting duties. The Beall Reefs are submarine ridges with depths of less than 1.8 metres (1 fathom), located 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) west of the island; they were discovered at the establishment of Wilkes Station in 1961 and named by ANCA after the island. Connors Point is the north-western point of the island; it was named by the US-ACAN for Aerographer's Mate William J. Connors, USN, a member of the Wilkes Station party of 1958.
Macrobius Cove
Macrobius Cove (Bulgarian: залив Макробий, ‘Zaliv Macrobius’ \'za-liv ma-'kro-biy\) is the 2.8 km wide cove indenting for 3.4 km the west coast of Barison Peninsula, Graham Coast on the Antarctic Peninsula northeast of Eijkman Point and east of Bablon Island.  It is part of Leroux Bay.  The head of the cove is fed by Chernomen Glacier.

The feature is named after the Roman writer and philosopher Ambrosius Macrobius (4th-5th century) who placed on the world map the southern polar land envisaged by Aristotle.

Barison Peninsula
Barison Peninsula is the mostly ice-covered peninsula projecting 19 km (12 mi) in northwest direction from Graham Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica.  It is 12 km (7.5 mi) wide between Beascochea Bay to the northeast and Leroux Bay to the southwest.  The area was possibly visited by the 1897–99 Belgian expedition under Adrien de Gerlache and the 1903–05 French expedition under Jean Charcot.

The peninsula was named by the 1973–74 Chilean Antarctic Expedition for Captain Eduardo Barison Roberts, commander of the expedition naval vessel Yelcho.
Lynsey Sharp
Lynsey Sharp (born 11 July 1990) is a former Scottish track and field athlete who competed in the 800 metres. She is the 2012 European champion and represented Great Britain at the 2012 Olympic Games in London. She won a silver medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. Her personal best is 1:57.69, the seventh fastest time over 800m by a British woman, set in the final of the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.

Elena Arzhakova
Elena Vladimirovna Arzhakova (Russian: Елена Владимировна Аржакова; born 8 September 1989) is a Russian runner who specializes in the middle distance events.

The 2011 European Indoor champion at 1500m, Arzhakova was suspended from athletics in 2013 following a failed doping control, after an abnormality was found in her biological passport. Her results from July 2011 were expunged, as a result of which she was stripped of her further European outdoor and European under-23 titles. Her suspension ended on 29 January 2015.
Faroese phonology
The phonology of Faroese has an inventory similar to the closely related Icelandic language, but markedly different processes differentiate the two. Similarities include an aspiration contrast in stop consonants, the retention of front rounded vowels and vowel quality changes instead of vowel length distinctions.

Faroese is not remotely close to having a standard and difference between dialects are very marked. When diving into the specifics, this article primarily discuss Tórshavn varieties, as it is the biggest city on the islands and where most academics have a pied-à-terre.

Preaspiration
In phonetics, preaspiration (sometimes spelled pre-aspiration) is a period of voicelessness or aspiration preceding the closure of a voiceless obstruent, basically equivalent to an [h]-like sound preceding the obstruent. In other words, when an obstruent is preaspirated, the glottis is opened for some time before the obstruent closure. To mark preaspiration using the International Phonetic Alphabet, the diacritic for regular aspiration, ⟨ʰ⟩, can be placed before the preaspirated consonant. However, Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996:70) prefer to use a simple cluster notation, e.g. ⟨hk⟩ instead of ⟨ʰk⟩.