hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paphiopedilum rothschildianum
Paphiopedilum rothschildianum, commonly known as the Gold of Kinabalu orchid or Rothschild's slipper orchid, is a large, clear-leafed species of orchid. It blooms with tall inflorescence of up to six large flowers that are 5-13 inches. It is unique to the Corypetalum group for holding its petals almost horizontally, giving the flower a distinctive appearance. The peak flowering period of this plant is from April to May.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Tofayel Mustafa Sorwar
Tofayel Mustafa Sorwar, BPMS, psc is a Bangladesh Army brigadier general and the former additional director general (operations) at the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), an elite multi-service unit of the Bangladesh Police. He has been sanctioned by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for human rights violation at RAB during his time at the agency.

Rapid Action Battalion
The Rapid Action Battalion (Bengali: র‍্যাপিড অ্যাকশন ব্যাটালিয়ন, romanised: Ryaepid Ækśon Byāṭāliẏan; abbreviated as RAB) is an elite law enforcement force in Bangladesh tasked with combating serious crimes, terrorism, and organised criminal activities. Operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs, RAB is a composite force comprising personnel from the Police, Army, Navy, Air Force, BGB, and Ansar. Since its establishment in 2004, RAB has played a key role in counter-terrorism, anti-drug operations, and high-profile criminal investigations.

The Rapid Action Battalion has faced criticism from human rights groups for their use of extrajudicial killings and alleged involvement in enforced disappearances. It is estimated that between 2004 and 2008, RAB had killed 1,062 people.
Breakfast at Tiffany's (musical)
Breakfast at Tiffany's is a musical with music and lyrics by Bob Merrill and a book originally by Abe Burrows but rewritten during pre-Broadway tryouts by Edward Albee. It is based on the 1958 Truman Capote novella and 1961 film of the same name about a free spirit named Holly Golightly.

After tryouts in Philadelphia and Boston, and only four previews on Broadway in 1966, the show was closed by producer David Merrick at a total financial loss. Its only revival was a staged concert in 2013 at a 200-seat venue in London.  A studio recording was released in 2001.

The musical is one of the most notorious fiascos in Broadway history. William Goldman called it a "legendary production" meaning "a certain kind of Broadway show that by virtue of its birth agonies and the resulting publicity achieves an immortality most productions never dare aspire to." (Other examples he gave were Buttrio Square and Portofino.)

Buttrio Square
Buttrio Square was a Broadway musical that premiered on 14 October 1952. William Goldman called it a "legendary production", meaning "a certain kind of Broadway show that by virtue of its birth agonies and the resulting publicity achieves an immortality most productions never dare aspire to." The production was notoriously difficult, running out of money during tryouts and only kept alive by an investment from the cast. The musical was poorly reviewed.
Bañugues
Bañugues is one of thirteen parishes (administrative divisions) in the Gozón municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain, near "Peñas" cape.

The population is 647 (INE 2007).

Gozón
Gozón is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Its capital is the town of Luanco (also called Lluanco). The Cantabrian Sea lies on its northern edge, and it is bordered to the south by Corvera de Asturias, to the west by Avilés, and to the east by Carreño.

The municipality is a fishing port, and the location of the Cabo de Peñas (Cape of Boulders).
Kaidan-in
Kaidan-in (戒壇院) is a Rinzai temple in Dazaifu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. It was founded by Ganjin in 761. Together with Tōdai-ji in Nara and Yakushi-ji in Tochigi Prefecture, it was one of Japan's three official ordination halls during the Nara period.

Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (Japanese: 臨済宗, romanized: Rinzai-shū, simplified Chinese: 临济宗; traditional Chinese: 臨濟宗; pinyin: Línjì zōng), named after Linji Yixuan (Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism, along with Sōtō and Ōbaku. The Chinese Linji school of Chan Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan by Myōan Eisai (1141–1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the Ōtōkan lineage transmitted through Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
Albania–Yugoslav border incident (April 1999)
An incident took place on the Albania–Yugoslav border in April 1999 when the Yugoslav Army shelled several Albanian border towns around Krumë, Tropojë. In these villages, refugees were being housed after fleeing the ongoing war in Kosovo by crossing into Albania. On 13 April 1999, Yugoslav infantry entered Albanian territory to close off an area that was used by the Kosovo Liberation Army to stage attacks against Yugoslav targets.

Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania)
The Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albanian: Ministria për Europën dhe Punët e Jashtme) is a department of the Albanian Government, in charge of diplomacy, foreign policy and the process of admission of Albania into the European Union. The ministry also provides support to Albanian citizens residing abroad. In September 2017, the ministry was restructured and it was merged with the Ministry of European Integration.
2014 Supercopa Argentina
The 2014 Supercopa Argentina Final was the 3rd edition of the Supercopa, an annual football match contested by the winners of the Argentine Primera División and Copa Argentina competitions. Huracán beat River Plate 1–0 in San Juan and won the Argentine Supercup. As champions, Huracán qualified to the 2015 Copa Sudamericana.

Supercopa Argentina
The Supercopa Argentina (English: Argentine Super Cup) is an official national association football cup of Argentina organized by the Argentine Football Association (AFA). The annual football match was played for the first time in 2012, being contested by the reigning champions of the Primera División and Copa Argentina.
Alabama State Route 166
State Route 166 (SR 166) is a short route in Coffee County in the southeastern part of Alabama.  The western terminus of the route is at its junction with SR 141 at Danleys Crossroads, an unincorporated community in the western part of the county.  The eastern terminus of the route is at its junction with U.S. Route 84 (US 84) at Elba.

U.S. Route 84 in Alabama
U.S. Route 84 (US 84) in Alabama travels west to east across southern Alabama for 237.400 miles (382.058 km). US 84 enters the state from Mississippi west of Silas and exits into Georgia southeast of Gordon. Along its route, US 84 passes through the limits of the towns and cities of Silas, Coffeeville, Grove Hill, Repton, Evergreen, River Falls, Andalusia, Sanford, Babbie, Opp, Elba, New Brockton, Enterprise, Level Plains, Daleville, Dothan, Cowarts, Avon, Ashford.

Between Mississippi and River Falls, with the exception of a small segment near Grove Hill, US 84 is largely a rural two-lane road. Between River Falls and Georgia, the route is a major four-lane divided highway connecting major towns of southeastern Alabama. For most of its route through Alabama, excluding a section in Dothan where it is alternatively known as East and West Main Street, US 84 is internally designated by the state of Alabama as State Route 12 (SR 12).
Texas City disaster
The Texas City disaster was an industrial accident that occurred on April 16, 1947, in the port of Texas City, Texas, United States, located in Galveston Bay. It was the deadliest industrial accident in U.S. history and one of history's largest non-nuclear explosions.

The explosion was triggered by a mid-morning fire on board the French-registered vessel Grandcamp (docked at port), which detonated her cargo of about 2,300 tons (about 2,100 metric tons) of ammonium nitrate. This started a chain reaction of fires and explosions aboard other ships and in nearby oil-storage facilities, ultimately killing at least 581 people, including all but one member of Texas City's volunteer fire department.: 100

The disaster drew the first class action lawsuit against the United States government, on behalf of 8,485 plaintiffs, under the 1946 Federal Tort Claims Act.

Texas City Terminal Railway
The Texas City Terminal Railway is an American terminal railroad that operates 32 miles (51 km) of track at the Port of Texas City in Texas City, Texas. Established in 1921, the TCTR is jointly owned by the Union Pacific Railroad and BNSF Railway.
Joe Quinn (second baseman)
Joseph James Quinn (25 December 1864 – 12 November 1940) was an Australian second baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball. He was the only Australian-born player to reach the major leagues until Craig Shipley in 1986.

Craig Shipley
Craig Barry Shipley (born 7 January 1963) is an Australian executive and former player in Major League Baseball.  On 16 November 2012, he was appointed special assistant to Arizona Diamondbacks general manager Kevin Towers.

As a player, he was an infielder for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1986–87), New York Mets (1989), San Diego Padres (1991–94 and 1996–97), Houston Astros (1995) and Anaheim Angels (1998). He played collegiately at the University of Alabama.  Shipley batted and threw right-handed; he stood 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall, and weighed 175 pounds (79 kg) (12 stone 7).

Shipley is the first Australian-born player to play Major League Baseball in the modern era.
Qira County
Qira County (Uyghur: چىرا ناھىيىسى), alternatively Chira or Cele (from Mandarin Chinese), is a county in Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Almost all the residents of the county are Uyghurs and live around oases situated between the desolate Taklamakan Desert and Kunlun Mountains. The county is bordered to the north by Aksu Prefecture, to the east by Yutian / Keriya County, to the northwest by Lop County, to the southwest by Hotan County including the China-India disputed Aksai Chin area and to the south by Rutog County, Ngari Prefecture in Tibet.

Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin is a region administered by China partly in He'an County and Hekang County of Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, and partly in Rutog County of Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, and constituting the easternmost portion of the larger Kashmir region that has been the subject of a dispute between India and China since 1959. China administers the region and claims it as part of the Xinjiang and Tibet autonomous regions. India meanwhile claims it as part of Leh district in the union territory of Ladakh.
Dynamic strain aging
Dynamic strain aging (DSA) for materials science is an instability in plastic flow of materials, associated with interaction between moving dislocations and diffusing solutes. Although sometimes dynamic strain aging is used interchangeably with the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect (or serrated yielding), dynamic strain aging refers specifically to the microscopic mechanism that induces the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect. This strengthening mechanism is related to solid-solution strengthening and has been observed in a variety of fcc and bcc substitutional and interstitial alloys, metalloids like silicon, and ordered intermetallics within specific ranges of temperature and strain rate.

Strengthening mechanisms of materials
Methods have been devised to modify the yield strength, ductility, and toughness of both crystalline and amorphous materials. These strengthening mechanisms give engineers the ability to tailor the mechanical properties of materials to suit a variety of different applications. For example, the favorable properties of steel result from interstitial incorporation of carbon into the iron lattice. Brass, a binary alloy of copper and zinc, has superior mechanical properties compared to its constituent metals due to solution strengthening.  Work hardening (such as beating a red-hot piece of metal on anvil) has also been used for centuries by blacksmiths to introduce dislocations into materials, increasing their yield strengths.
Château de Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine
The Château of Saint-Maure-de-Touraine, also known as the Château des Rohan, was built during the 15th century in Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine, in Indre-et-Loire. It was founded by Fulk III of Anjou around 990.

The structure was added to the supplementary inventory of historic monuments in 1926. Its entrance tower was listed in 1936.

It currently houses a heritage center.

Le Grand-Pressigny
Le Grand-Pressigny (French pronunciation: [lə ɡʁɑ̃ pʁesiɲi] ⓘ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

There is a Chalcolithic flint mine located in the commune. It produced an unusual caramel-coloured stone which appears to have been highly prized across Europe with examples found in the Pyrenees, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Blocks of flint and unfinished blanks were traded, as well as finished tools.
2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 1500 metre freestyle
The women's 1500 metre freestyle competition at the 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 24 at the Gold Coast Aquatic Centre. The last champion was Melissa Gorman of Australia.

This event was a timed-final where each swimmer swam just once. The top 8 seeded swimmers swam in the evening, and the remaining swimmers swam in the morning session.

2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
The 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, also known as the 2014 Hancock Prospecting Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event, was held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, from 21 to 25 August 2014.
Affliction (novel)
Affliction is a 2013 urban fantasy novel by American writer Laurell K. Hamilton, the 22nd book in the Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter series. The novel follows Anita Blake and her various lovers as she travels to Colorado and works to uncover a series of murders and infections involving flesh-eating zombies.

Cover art was released to media outlets in October 2012. Affliction was published in July 2013 in hardcover and e-book editions. An unabridged audiobook followed later that year. Affliction’s publication coincided with the twentieth anniversary of the Anita Blake character. In 2013 it reached #5 on the New York Times bestseller list in multiple categories.

Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter
Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter is a series of urban fantasy novels, short stories, and comic books by Laurell K. Hamilton. The books have sold more than six million copies; many have made The New York Times Best Seller list.

The series is narrated in the first person by Anita Blake, who works in St. Louis, Missouri, as a professional zombie raiser, vampire executioner and supernatural consultant for the police. The early novels focus predominantly on crime-solving and action; the later ones on Anita's personal and sexual-defender relationships and power.
Sōja Kofun Cluster
The Sōja Kofun Cluster (総社古墳群) is a group of  Kofun period burial mounds located in what is now the Sōja neighborhood of the city of Maebashi, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. Five of the kofun in this group were collectively designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2024.

Maebashi
Maebashi (前橋市, Maebashi-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ma.eꜜ.ba.ɕi, maꜜ.e-, ma.e.ba.ɕiꜜ.ɕi], locally [ma.e.ba.ɕi]) is the capital city of Gunma Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 335,352 in 151,171 households, and a population density of 1100 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 311.59 km2 (120.31 sq mi).  It was the most populous city within Gunma Prefecture until Takasaki merged with nearby towns between 2006 and 2009. Maebashi is known to be the "City of Water, Greenery and Poets" because of its pure waters, its rich nature and because it gave birth to several Japanese contemporary poets, such as Sakutarō Hagiwara.
Roecliffe
Roecliffe is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated near the A1 road motorway which connects London with Edinburgh and is 1 mile west of Boroughbridge. It is on the banks of the River Ure and the village centres on the village green which doubles up as the school playing field.

The village has a pub, The Crown Inn, which offers 5 star accommodation with a 16th-century theme. The village itself is surrounded by scenic views with St Mary's Church, Roecliffe as its main attraction in the heart of the village. The church is believed to be the only church in the country with an entirely vaulted roof. Close to Roecliffe are the Yorkshire Dales and the Yorkshire Dales National Park, which are known for spectacular scenery and a range of wildlife habitats. Also close by is the village Skelton-on-Ure.

Boroughbridge
Boroughbridge (/ˈbʌrəbrɪdʒ/ BURR-ə-brij) is a town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is 16 miles (26 km) north-west of York. Until a bypass was built the town lay on the main A1 road from London to Edinburgh, which crosses the River Ure here.

The civil parish includes the villages of Aldborough and Minskip.
Traveling team
In professional team sports, a traveling team (also called a road team) is a member of a professional league that never competes in a home arena or stadium. This differs from a barnstorming team as a barnstorming team competes in exhibition games and not within a league or association framework as a traveling team does. While leagues may designate a traveling team prior to the start of competition, some teams become road teams by simply not scheduling any home games.

While the use of traveling teams has been sparing on the upper levels of professional sports in recent times, the National Football League had such road teams (such as the Hammond Pros, Oorang Indians, and Columbus Panhandles) in the formative years of the league.  Recently, such teams have been almost invariably associated with minor leagues.

American Football League (1936)
The American Football League (AFL) was a professional American football league that operated in 1936 and 1937. The AFL operated in direct competition with the more established National Football League (NFL) throughout its existence. While the American media generally ignored its operation (often relegating game coverage to "page filler" status), this second AFL was the first "home" of the Cleveland Rams, which joined the National Football League after one year in the AFL.

In 1937, the Los Angeles Bulldogs, the first professional football team to play its home games on the West Coast, also became the first professional football team to win a league championship with a perfect record (no losses, no ties) – 11 years before the Cleveland Browns (AAFC) and 35 years before the Miami Dolphins (NFL) accomplished the same feat.
Niebieszczany
Niebieszczany [ɲɛbʲɛʂˈt͡ʂanɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sanok, within Sanok County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

In 2006 the village had 2,500 inhabitants and 491 houses.

Sanok
Sanok [ˈsanɔk] (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — Polish: Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, Rusyn: Санок, Sanok, Ukrainian: Сянок or Cянік, Sianok or Sianik, Latin: Sanocum, Yiddish: סאָניק, Sūnik or Sonik) is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of southeastern Poland with 38,397 inhabitants, as of June 2016. Located on the San River and around 52 km (32 mi) south of Przemyśl, Sanok lies directly by the Carpathian Mountains.

The town's history goes back almost a thousand years to when it was part of a medieval trade route. The Museum of Folk Architecture as well as the refurbished Sanok Castle and Old Town are popular points of interest. The region also features a 70 km (43 mi) trail for hikers and cyclists.
Educating Peter
Educating Peter is a 1992 American short documentary film directed by Gerardine Wurzburg about Peter Gwazdauskas, a special needs student with Down syndrome, and his inclusion in a standard third grade classroom in Blacksburg, Virginia. It won an Oscar at the 65th Academy Awards in 1993 for Documentary Short Subject.

Blacksburg, Virginia
Blacksburg is an incorporated town in Montgomery County, Virginia, United States, with a population of 44,826 at the 2020 census. Blacksburg and the surrounding county is dominated economically and demographically by the presence of Virginia Tech.

Blacksburg, Christiansburg, and the city of Radford are the three principal jurisdictions of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area, which encompasses those jurisdictions and all of Montgomery, Pulaski, and Giles counties for statistical purposes. The MSA has an estimated population of 181,863 and is currently one of the faster-growing MSAs in Virginia.
Catholic Church in Guinea
The Catholic Church in Guinea is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the pope.

Figures in 2020 show that 3.52% of Guinea's population is Christian.  This is made up of Catholics (2.28%), Protestants (0.44%) and other Christians 0.8%.

There is one archdiocese (Conakry) and two dioceses (Kankan and N’Zérékoré). A new diocese (in Guéckédou) was announced in June 2023.

In 2020, there were 181 priests and 140 nuns serving 76 parishes in the country.

Religion in Guinea
Religion in Guinea is approximately 89% Muslim, 7% Christian, with 2% adhering to indigenous religious beliefs in 2022. There are also smaller numbers of atheists and practitioners of other religions in the country. Much of the population, both Muslim and Christian, also incorporate indigenous African beliefs into their outlook.

In 2023, the Association of Religion Date Archives (ARDA) has Muslims at 86.8%, Christian 3.52%, and Animist 9.42%.
Tatsuro Inui
Tatsuro Inui (乾 達朗, Inui Tatsuro; born 30 January 1990) is a retired Japanese football player. He plays as a winger, comfortable on both flanks. Apart from his speed and dribbling skills, the ability to take set pieces is also part of his key attributes.

Warriors FC
Warriors Football Club was a Singaporean professional football club based in Choa Chu Kang, Singapore, that played in the Singapore Premier League, the top division of football in Singapore. Before changing their name on 20 January 2013, they were previously known as the Singapore Armed Forces Football Club (SAFFC) since their establishment on 16 February 1996. Despite their name back then, not all players from the team came from the Armed Forces. Some were internationals and others were foreign.

The club's original choice of mascot was a wolf, but club officials chose a rhinoceros, which represents discipline, spirit, courage and teamwork.

Warriors are currently the most successful club in the history of the Singapore league since its inception, having won the league title a record 9 times in 1997, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2014 and finishing second on four occasions in 1996, 1999, 2001 and 2005.