hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Cohen
Tom Dana Cohen (born August 13, 1953) is an American media and cultural theorist, currently a professor at the University at Albany, State University of New York.  He has published books on film studies, comparative literature, theory, cultural studies, Alfred Hitchcock, and Paul de Man. Cohen has also published broadly on American authors and ideology, including Edgar Allan Poe, Walt Whitman, Mikhail Bakhtin, William Faulkner and pragmatism, as well as on Alfred Hitchcock, Greek philosophy and continental philosophy.

He is the editor (with Claire Colebrook) of the Critical Climate Change Book Series at Open Humanities Press and has lectured and taught  internationally, including in China and Fulbright sponsored work in Thailand. He has been awarded a Distinguished Visiting Professorship by Shanghai Municipality in Shanghai.

Mikhail Bakhtin
Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin (/ˈbɑːxtɪn/; Russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Бахти́н, IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ bɐxˈtʲin]; 16 November [O.S. 4 November] 1895 – 7 March 1975) was a Russian philosopher and literary critic who worked on the philosophy of language, ethics, and literary theory. His writings, on a variety of subjects, inspired scholars working in a number of different traditions (Marxism, semiotics, structuralism, religious criticism) and in disciplines as diverse as literary criticism, history, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Although Bakhtin was active in the debates on aesthetics and literature that took place in the Soviet Union in the 1920s, his distinctive position did not become well known until he was rediscovered by Russian scholars in the 1960s.
France–Ireland relations
France and Ireland maintain bilateral relations. France and Ireland are both members of the Council of Europe, European Union and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Ireland is an associate member of La Francophonie.

Irish Brigade (France)
The Irish Brigade (Irish: Briogáid Éireannach, French: Brigade irlandaise) was a brigade in the French Royal Army composed of Irish exiles, led by Lord Mountcashel. It was formed in May 1690 when five Jacobite regiments were sent from Ireland to France in exchange for a larger force of French infantry who were sent to fight in the Williamite War in Ireland. The regiments comprising the Irish Brigade retained their special status as foreign units in the French Army until nationalised in 1791.
Chloroformic acid
Chloroformic acid is a chemical compound with the formula ClCO2H. It is the single acyl-halide derivative of carbonic acid (phosgene is the double acyl-halide derivative). Chloroformic acid is also structurally related to formic acid, in a way that the non-acidic hydrogen of formic acid is replaced by chlorine. Despite the similar name, it is very different from chloroform. It is described as unstable, decomposing into carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride.

Chloroformic acid itself is too unstable to be handled for chemical reactions. However, many esters of this carboxylic acid are stable and these chloroformates are important reagents in organic chemistry. They are used to prepare mixed carboxylic acid anhydrides used in peptide synthesis.
Important chloroformate esters include 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonylchloride, benzyl chloroformate and ethyl chloroformate.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Sardar Muhammad Raza
Sardar Muhammad Raza  (Urdu: سردار محمد رضا ) was the Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan from 6 December 2014 to 5 December 2019. who previously served as retired judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and as Chief Justice of the Peshawar High Court.

Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan
The chief election commissioner is the authority and the appointed chair of the Election Commission of Pakistan— an institution constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and provincial legislatures.

Before 1973, the commissioners were only appointed from the civil services cadre and appointments came from the president. After the promulgation of much and thoroughly reformed constitution in 1973 in shape of 18th Amendment, the constitutional provisions made mandatory and compulsory that appointments would only come from the judicature branch's judges who were eligible to become chief election commissioner, however later on an amendment to the Constitution allowed civil servants to be appointed to the post as well. The Constitution (or president on different occasions) lays the appointment and oath administered by the chief justice of Pakistan.
2018–19 Men's Volleyball Thailand League
The 2018–19 Men's Volleyball Thailand League is the 14th season of the Men's Volleyball Thailand League, the top Thai professional league for men's volleyball clubs. Eight teams competed in the league. The season started on 27 October 2018.

Nakhon Ratchasima The Mall are the defending champions, also the reigning asian club champions, while the 2018 Pro Challenge champion will has entered as the promoted team from the 2018 Volleyball Pro Challenge.

The Mall Group
The Mall Group  (Thai: เดอะมอลล์กรุ๊ป) is one of Thailand’s largest retail conglomerates, known for its portfolio of shopping malls and department stores. 
It is a private company and a subsidiary of Lukrak Supachai Company Limited. The current chair is Supaluck Umpujh. As of 2018 it had 13,000 employees. The group has been a member of the International Association of Department Stores since 2009.

The company owns The Mall, The Mall Lifestore, Emporium, EmQuartier, Emsphere and Siam Paragon shopping centers. The company also operate Gourmet Market supermarket in those shopping centers as well as those in Terminal 21 Asok, The Promenade [part of Fashion Island (Bangkok)], Lat Phrao MRT station, Design Village Phutthamonthon Sai 3, Design Village Bangna and The Crystal SB Ratchaphruek.
Matuatonga
Matuatonga is a Māori stone sculpture on Mokoia Island, Lake Rotorua, New Zealand, which is a mauri (relic) or whakapoko (guardian statue) and belongs to Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Rangiteaorere, and other tribes of Te Arawa. It is the most famous atua kumara (agricultural god) and was traditionally involved in rituals connected to the sowing of the annual kumara (sweet potato) crop. The sculpture has a male figure carved on each side, one representing Matuatonga, god of growth, and the other Matuatehe, god of decay. According to some traditions, Matuatonga was brought to New Zealand from Hawaiki c. 1350. It was buried in the 1820s and exhumed in 1866, at which point a smaller sculpture was given to Governor George Grey and deposited in the Auckland Museum. Some sources claim that this smaller sculpture is the "true" Matuatonga and that the one on Mokoia today is only a replica.

Ngāti Rangiteaorere
Ngāti Rangiteaorere is a Māori iwi of the Te Arawa confederation of New Zealand. The iwi is based on the eastern shores of Lake Rotorua, also sharing interests with other iwi on Mokoia Island and in coastal lands near Maketu.

Te Arawa FM is the radio station of Te Arawa iwi. It was established in the early 1980s and became a charitable entity in November 1990. The station underwent a major transformation in 1993, becoming Whanau FM. One of the station's frequencies was taken over by Mai FM in 1998; the other became Pumanawa FM before later reverting to Te Arawa FM. It is available on 89.0 FM in Rotorua.
Parhuayane
Parhuayane (possibly from Aymara parwaya a plant of the Deyeuxia family, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the parwaya plant") is a mountain in the Chila mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,100 m (16,700 ft) high. It is located in the Arequipa Region, Caylloma Province, Madrigal District. Parhuayane lies southeast of Minaspata and Surihuiri.

Chila mountain range
The Chila mountain range lies in the Arequipa Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 15°02' and 15°26'S and 71°43' and 72°37'W for about 80 km. The range is located in the provinces of Castilla and Caylloma.
Remember Love (Houston Person and Ron Carter album)
Remember Love  is an album by saxophonist Houston Person and bassist Ron Carter recorded in 2018 and released on the HighNote label. It is the sixth album of duets that the two musicians have released.

HighNote Records
HighNote Records is a jazz record company and label founded by Joe Fields with his son, Barney Fields, in 1997.

Joe Fields worked for Prestige Records in the 1960s, and in the 1970s founded Muse Records. After he sold Muse, he started the HighNote and Savant labels with his son, Barney. Many of the artists on HighNote previously recorded for Muse.

The catalogue includes Cindy Blackman, Larry Coryell, Joey DeFrancesco, Charles Earland, Russell Gunn, Etta Jones, Sheila Jordan, Houston Person, and Jimmy Ponder.
Maloja District
Maloja District (Romansh: District da Malögiaⓘ, Italian: Distretto di Maloja) is a former administrative district in the canton of Graubünden (or Grigioni), Switzerland. It had an area of 973.28 km2 (375.79 sq mi) and had a population of 18,698 in 2015. It was replaced with the Maloja Region on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the Canton.

It was trilingual, with official languages used by municipalities inside the district being, in order of dominance, German, Italian, and Romansh.

It consisted of two Kreis or circoli in Italian (sub-districts) and sixteen municipalities:

Maloja Region
Maloja Region is one of the eleven administrative districts in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland. It has an area of 973.65 square kilometers (375.93 sq mi) and a population of 18,294 (as of 31 December 2020). It was created on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the Canton.
Saint-Gérand-Croixanvec
Saint-Gérand-Croixanvec (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒeʁɑ̃ kʁwasɑ̃vɛk]; Breton: Sant-Jelan-Kroeshañveg) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. It is close to the larger town of Pontivy.

It was established on 1 January 2022 from the amalgamation of the communes of Saint-Gérand and Croixanvec.

Pontivy
Pontivy (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃tivi]; Breton: Pondi) is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in north-western France. It lies at the confluence of the river Blavet and the Canal de Nantes à Brest. Inhabitants of Pontivy are called Pontivyens in French.
2012 Rally Argentina
The 32nd Philips Rally Argentina was the fifth round of 2012 FIA World Rally Championship. It is the longest rally of the year, covering total of 502.73 stage kilometres, with Ambul also being the longest stage of the year. The event took place between 26 and 29 April 2012.

2012 Monte Carlo Rally
The 2012 Monte Carlo Rally, officially 80ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo was the first round of the 2012 World Rally Championship (WRC) season. The rally took place between 18 and 22 January 2012.
Gravity filtration
Gravity filtration is a method of filtering impurities from solutions by using gravity to pull liquid through a filter. The two main kinds of filtration used in laboratories are gravity and vacuum/suction. Gravity filtration is often used in chemical laboratories to filter precipitates from precipitation reactions as well as drying agents, inadmissible side items, or remaining reactants. While it can also be used to separate out strong products, vacuum filtration is more commonly used for this purpose.

Flocculation
In colloidal chemistry, flocculation is a process by which colloidal particles come out of suspension to sediment in the form of  floc or flake, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying agent. The action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended, under the form of a stable dispersion (where the internal phase (solid) is dispersed throughout the external phase (fluid) through mechanical agitation) and are not truly dissolved in solution.

Coagulation and flocculation are important processes in fermentation and water treatment with coagulation aimed to destabilize and aggregate particles through chemical interactions between the coagulant and colloids, and flocculation to sediment the destabilized particles by causing their aggregation into floc.
367 BC
Year 367 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Cossus, Maluginensis, Macerinus, Capitolinus, Cicurinus and Poplicola (or, less frequently, year 387 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 367 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Dionysius I of Syracuse
Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (c. 432 – 367 BC) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily. He conquered several cities on Sicily and southern Italy, opposed Carthage's influence on Sicily and made Syracuse the most powerful of the western Greek colonies. He was regarded by the ancients as the worst kind of despot: cruel, suspicious, and vindictive.
Old Thompson
Old Thompson is a brand of blended American whiskey produced by Barton Brands, which has been owned by the Sazerac Company since 2009. It is known for its low price among brands of American whiskey. The company refers to it as "an excellent value". The brand dates back to 1904, when it was introduced by the Glenmore Distillery Company, which at the time was owned by the brothers James Thompson and Francis P. Thompson.

Today it is a blended whiskey bottled at 40% alcohol by volume (80 U.S. proof), and formulated from a mixture of 80% neutral grain spirits, and 20% straight whiskeys.

Barton Brands
Barton Brands, Ltd. was a company that produced a variety of distilled beverages and liqueurs and is now part of the Sazerac Company, which is headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana, and has its principal offices in Louisville, Kentucky. The Barton distillery, currently known as the Barton 1792 distillery, was originally established in 1879, and is located in Bardstown, Kentucky.

Some of Barton's better-known brands and products have included the 1792 Bourbon, Kentucky Tavern, and Very Old Barton bourbons; Fleischmann's, Skol and Wave Vodkas; the 99 line of schnapps (99 Apples, 99 Bananas, etc.); Calypso and Barton rums; Capitan, El Toro and Montezuma tequilas and Mr. Boston and Fleischmann's gins.

In 1993, Barton was acquired by Canandaigua Wine Company, later Constellation Brands. In 2009, Constellation sold Barton to the Sazerac Company.
Burke–Schumann flame
In combustion, a Burke–Schumann flame is a type of diffusion flame, established at the mouth of the two concentric ducts, by issuing fuel and oxidizer from the two region respectively. It is named after S.P. Burke and T.E.W. Schumann, who were able to predict the flame height and flame shape using their simple analysis of infinitely fast chemistry (which is now called as Burke–Schumann limit) in 1928 at the First symposium on combustion.

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute
The Proceedings of the Combustion Institute are the proceedings of the biennial Combustion Symposium put on by The Combustion Institute. The publication contains the most significant contributions in fundamentals and applications, fundamental research of combustion science and combustion phenomena. Research papers and invited topical reviews are included on topics of reaction kinetics, soot, PAH and other large molecules, diagnostics, laminar flames, turbulent flames, heterogenous combustion, spray and droplet combustion, detonations, explosions and supersonic combustion, fire research, stationary combustion systems, internal combustion engine and gas turbine combustion, and new technology concepts. The editors-in-chief are Deanna Lacoste (KAUST), Michael Mueller (Princeton University) and Fei Qi (Shanghai Jiao Tong University).
Alexander Dennis Enviro500EV
The Alexander Dennis Enviro500EV is a low-floor, three-axle battery electric double-decker bus produced by the British bus manufacturer Alexander Dennis for both the Asia and Oceania and North American bus operating markets.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
Iranian Police Aviation
Police Aviation Unit of FARAJA (Persian: یگان هوایی فراجا) or HAVA FARAJA (Persian: هوافراجا) is the police aviation of Iran, providing aerial support for other branches of Law Enforcement Command of Islamic Republic of Iran such as the Iranian Traffic Police and the Border Guard in pursuit, surveillance and tracking missions. The main base of the unit is the Shahid Ariyafar Airport in the southern part of Tehran.

Iranian Traffic Police
Traffic Police of NAJA (Persian: پلیس راهنمایی و رانندگی فراجا, Polis-e Râhnamâii vâ Rânandegi-ye Faraja), abbreviated as RAHVAR (Persian: راهور, Rahvâr), is a Law enforcement agency in Iran responsible for traffic guard and highway patrol.
Linwood E. Palmer Jr.
Linwood E. Palmer Jr. (November 22, 1921 – July 24, 2008) was an American politician from Maine. A Republican from Nobleboro, he served six terms (12 years) in the Maine Legislature, including 10 in the Maine House of Representatives (1946–50 and 1972–78) and two in the Maine Senate (1951–52).

During Palmer's last two terms in the Legislature (1974–78), he served as House Minority Leader. In 1978, Palmer won the Republican nomination for governor, but lost the general election to Democratic State Senator Joseph E. Brennan of Portland.

Palmer attended Colby College, Andover Newton Theological School and the University of Maine.

Joseph E. Brennan
Joseph Edward Brennan (November 2, 1934 – April 5, 2024) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 70th governor of Maine from 1979 to 1987 and in the United States House of Representatives for Maine's 1st congressional district from 1987 to 1991. Brennan was a commissioner on the Federal Maritime Commission during the Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama administrations.
Thomas Lam
Thomas Anton Rudolph Lam (born 18 December 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or defensive midfielder for Cypriot First Division club Apollon Limassol. Born in the Netherlands, he represents the Finland national team. He began his senior club career playing for AZ Alkmaar, before signing with PEC Zwolle at age 20 in 2014.

Lam made his international debut for Finland in June 2015, at the age of 21 and has since had over 20 caps, including appearing in 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification and in Finland's UEFA Euro 2020 campaign in which Finland national team secured its first ever place in European Football Championship tournament's group stage.

2022–23 A-League Men
The 2022–23 A-League Men, known as the Isuzu UTE A-League for sponsorship reasons, was the 46th season of national level men's soccer in Australia, and the 18th since the establishment of the competition as the A-League in 2004.

The regular season commenced on 7 October 2022. The season featured a mid-season break from 18 November 2022 to 8 December 2022 due to the 2022 FIFA World Cup being held in Qatar.

Melbourne City were the defending premiers and Western United were the defending champions. Melbourne City successfully defended their title, winning their third premiership in a row with two games remaining. Central Coast Mariners won their second championship, defeating Melbourne City 6–1 in the Grand Final.

This season was the first A-League Men season since 2013–14 to record an increase in average attendance compared to the previous season.
SN 393
SN 393 is the modern designation for a probable supernova that was reported by the Chinese in the year 393 CE. An extracted record of this astronomical event was translated into English as follows:

A guest star appeared within the asterism Wěi during the second lunar month of the 18th year of the Tai-Yuan reign period, and disappeared during the ninth lunar month.

The second lunar month mentioned in the record corresponds to the period 27 February  to 28 March 393 CE, while the ninth lunar month ran from 22 October to 19 November 393 CE. The bowl-shaped asterism named Wěi is formed by the tail of the modern constellation Scorpius. This asterism consists of the stars in Scorpius designated ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, λ and ν. The guest star reached an estimated apparent magnitude of −1 and was visible for about eight months before fading from sight, whose lengthy duration suggests the source was a supernova. However, a classical nova is not excluded as possibility.

Lambda Scorpii
Lambda Scorpii is a triple star system and the second-brightest object in the constellation of Scorpius. It is formally named Shaula; Lambda Scorpii is its Bayer designation, which is Latinised from λ Scorpii and abbreviated Lambda Sco or λ Sco. With an apparent visual magnitude of 1.63, it is one of the brightest stars in the night sky.
Quetzalia
Quetzalia are a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine and bittersweet family Celastraceae, disjunctly distributed in Mexico, Central America, and Brazil. They can be trees, shrubs or lianas. Cyrus Longworth Lundell split them off from Microtropis in 1970, overriding his own 1939 findings.

Celastraceae
The Celastraceae, also known as the staff-vine or bittersweet family, are a family of 98 genera and 1,350 species of herbs, vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales. The great majority of the genera are tropical, with only Celastrus (the staff vines), Euonymus (the spindles) and Maytenus widespread in temperate climates, and Parnassia (bog-stars) found in alpine and arctic climates.

Of the 98 currently recognized genera of the family Celastraceae, 19 are native to Madagascar and these include at least 57 currently recognized species. Six of these 19 genera (Brexiella, Evonymopsis, Hartogiopsis, Polycardia, Ptelidium, and Salvadoropsis) are endemic to Madagascar.