hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mu'minobod
Mu'minobod (Tajik: Мӯъминобод), previously known as Muminabad (Russian: Муминабад), Leningradskiy or Leningrad  (Tajik: Ленинград) is a settlement in south Tajikistan. It is the administrative capital of the Mu'minobod District in the eastern part of Khatlon Province, located north-east of the city of Kulob, not far from the Panj River and the international border with Afghanistan. The population of the town is 14,100 (January 2020 estimate).

Kulob
Kulob or Khatlon is a city in Khatlon Region in southern Tajikistan. Located 203 km (126 mi) southeast of the capital Dushanbe on the river Yakhsu (a right tributary of Panj), it is one of the largest cities in the country.  Its population is estimated at 106,300 for the city proper and 214,700 for the city with the outlying communities (2020). The city is served by Kulob Airport.
NIAflow
NIAflow is a simulation software developed by Haver & Boecker Niagara for the design, optimization, and analysis of mineral processing plants. It is widely used in industries such as mining, aggregates, and recycling to model process flows, evaluate equipment performance, and conduct cost-benefit analyses. This software enables users to create digital representations of plants and simulate various processing scenarios for improved decision-making.

Log–log plot
In science and engineering, a log–log graph or log–log plot is a two-dimensional graph of numerical data that uses logarithmic scales on both the horizontal and vertical axes. Power functions – relationships of the form  – appear as straight lines in a log–log graph, with the exponent corresponding to the slope, and the coefficient corresponding to the intercept. Thus these graphs are very useful for recognizing these relationships and estimating parameters. Any base can be used for the logarithm, though most commonly base 10 (common logs) are used.
St Paul's College, Auckland
St Paul's College is a Catholic secondary school for boys owned by the Marist Brothers and located in the central Auckland suburb of Ponsonby on a spacious 7.3 hectare campus. The Marist Brothers first opened a school on the site (Sacred Heart College) in 1903. St Paul's College (named after the apostle Paul) commenced operations in 1955.

State-integrated school
In New Zealand, a state-integrated school is a former private school which has integrated into the state education system under the Private Schools Conditional Integration Act 1975, becoming a state school while retaining its special character. State-integrated schools were established by the Third Labour Government in the early 1970s as a response to the near-collapse of the country's then private Catholic school system, which had run into financial difficulties.

As of July 2022, there were 335 state-integrated schools in New Zealand, of which 236 identify as Roman Catholic. They educate approximately 92,482 students, or 11.2% of New Zealand's student population, making them the second-most common type of school in New Zealand behind non-integrated state schools.
TalkTalk Mobile (Portugal)
TalkTalk Mobile is a mobile virtual network operator which was launched in 2006 in Portugal over the network Optimus Telecomunicações, S.A. It is the former sister company of TalkTalk from the United Kingdom.

TalkTalk held talks with O2, Vodafone and Virgin Media in 2017 to sell off their mobile business to focus more on their broadband business, though this did not result in any formal offer.

Mobile virtual network operator
A mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) is a wireless communications services provider that does not own the wireless network infrastructure over which it provides services to its customers. An MVNO enters into a business agreement with a mobile network operator (MNO) to obtain bulk access to network services at wholesale rates, then sets retail prices independently. An MVNO may use its own customer service, billing support systems, marketing, and sales personnel, or it could employ the services of a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE).
2022 Swiss Open Gstaad – Singles
Defending champion Casper Ruud defeated Matteo Berrettini in the final, 4–6, 7–6(7–4), 6–2 to win the singles tennis title at the 2022 Swiss Open Gstaad.

The semifinal lineup comprised Ruud, Berrettini, Albert Ramos Viñolas, and Dominic Thiem. All four players were former Gstaad champions (Ruud in 2021, Berrettini in 2018, Ramos Viñolas in 2019, and Thiem in 2015), marking the first ATP Tour tournament where all four semifinalists were former champions since the 2010 Rogers Cup.

2018 Swiss Open Gstaad – Singles
Fabio Fognini was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Jürgen Zopp.

Matteo Berrettini won his first ATP World Tour title, defeating Roberto Bautista Agut in the final, 7–6(11–9), 6–4.
Raghistan District
Raghistan (Persian: شهرستان راغستان, romanized: Šahrestāne Rāğestān) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan Province in eastern Afghanistan.  Located in the northwestern portion of the province, Ragh is home to approximately 44,004 residents, and its capital is  Ziraki.

One of the special characteristics of Raghistan is that all its residents are pure Persian–Dari speakers. Raghistan borders on Tajikistan and on the Yaftal Bala, Yaftali Sufla, Khwahan, Kuf Ab, Maimay,  Shighnan,  Arghanj Khwa, and Shahri Buzurg districts of Badakhshan.

Prominent rivers of Raghistan are the Yawan, Rawinj, Siab Dasht, Du Dara, and Rahe Dara rivers. There are only a few schools in Ragh; most of the people are busy in agriculture and animal husbandry activities.

Arghanj Khwa District
Arghanjkhwa (Dari: ولسوالی ارغنجخواه; Pashto: د ارغنخواه ولسوالۍ) is a district of Badakhshan Province in northeastern Afghanistan. It has an estimated population of 19,837 people.

Arghanjkhwa was created in 2005 from part of Fayzabad district.

On 7 February 2026, a tragic road accident occurred in the district in which 15 people were killed.
2018–19 Bradley Braves women's basketball team
The 2018–19 Bradley Braves women's basketball team represented Bradley University during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Braves were led by third-year head coach Andrea Gorski as members of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) and played their home games at Renaissance Coliseum in Peoria, Illinois. They finished the season 20–10, 10–8 in MVC play, to finish in fifth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Missouri Valley women's tournament to Illinois State. Despite having 20 wins and a better record, they were not invited to a postseason tournament.

2019 Missouri Valley Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2019 Missouri Valley Conference women's basketball tournament (also known as the Hoops in the Heartland Tournament) was part of the 2018–19 NCAA Division I women's basketball season and was played in Moline, Illinois March 14–17, 2019, at the TaxSlayer Center. Missouri State defeated Drake to receive the Missouri Valley Conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament. Alexa Willard was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
Mr. Keynes and the "Classics"
John Hicks's 1937 paper Mr. Keynes and the "Classics"; a suggested interpretation is the most influential study of the views presented by J. M. Keynes in his General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money of February 1936. It gives "a potted version of the central argument of the General Theory" as an equilibrium specified by two equations (shown as intersecting curves in the IS-LM diagram) which dominated Keynesian teaching until Axel Leijonhufvud published a critique in 1968. Leijonhufvud's view that Hicks misrepresented Keynes's theory by reducing it to a static system was in turn rejected by many economists who considered much of the General Theory to be as static as Hicks portrayed it.

James Tobin described the IS-LM model as:

... the tool of first resort. If you are faced with a problem of interpretation of the economy – policy or events – probably the first thing you can do is to try to see how to look at it in these [IS-LM] terms.

Velocity of money
The velocity of money measures the number of times that one unit of currency is used to purchase goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it represents how many times per period money is changing hands, or is circulating to other owners in return for valuable goods and services. The concept relates the size of economic activity to a given money supply.  The speed of money exchange is one of the variables that determine inflation. The measure of the velocity of money is usually the ratio of a country's or an economy's nominal gross national product (GNP) to its money supply.

If the velocity of money is increasing, then transactions are occurring between individuals more frequently. The velocity of money changes over time and is influenced by a variety of factors.

Because of the nature of financial transactions, the velocity of money cannot be determined empirically.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 2006–2010
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 2006 to 2010:

1  On 6 August 2007, the Labor member for Williamstown and Premier of Victoria, Steve Bracks, resigned. Labor candidate Wade Noonan won the resulting by-election on 15 September 2007.

2  On 6 August 2007, the Labor member for Albert Park and Deputy Premier of Victoria, John Thwaites, resigned. Labor candidate Martin Foley won the resulting by-election on 15 September 2007.

3  On 2 June 2008, the Labor member for Kororoit, Andre Haermeyer, resigned. Labor candidate Marlene Kairouz won the resulting by-election on 28 June 2008.

4  On 18 January 2010, the Labor member for Altona, Lynne Kosky, resigned. Labor candidate Jill Hennessy won the resulting by-election on 13 February 2010.

5  On 25 August 2010, the Labor member for Ivanhoe, Craig Langdon, resigned. No by-election was held due to the proximity of the next election.

Andre Haermeyer
Andre Haermeyer (born 20 February 1956, in Oberhausen, West Germany) is a former Australian politician.  He was the Labor Party member for Kororoit in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 2002, prior to that representing the Yan Yean electorate in Melbourne's north from 1992.

He retired from Parliament in 2007, and in 2008 was appointed as the State of Victoria's Commissioner to Europe based in Frankfurt, Germany until 2012.

He has since worked as a private consultant in both Europe and Australia and is Deputy Chair of the German Australian Business Council.
Mahabaleshwar Temple, Gokarna
The Mahabaleshwar Temple, Gokarna is a 4th-century-CE Hindu temple in Gokarna, Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka state, India, built in the classical Dravidian architectural style. It is a site of religious pilgrimage. The temple faces the Gokarna beach on the Arabian Sea. The temple deifies the Pranalinga ("the reality of God which can be captured by the mind") also called Atmalinga or Shiva Linga In legend, it is said that the deity of the temple will bestow immense blessings to devotees, even to those who only have a glimpse of it. Currently, the administrative charge of the temple is with an Overseeing Committee under the Chairmanship of Justice BN Srikrishna, a Retired Justice of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India. It is one of the 275 paadal petra sthalams expounded in the Tevaram, a sacred Tamil Shaivite text written during the 6th and 7th centuries by 63 saints called Nayanars.

Paadal Petra Sthalam
The Paadal Petra Sthalams (Tamil: பாடல் பெற்ற தலங்கள்), also known as Devara Sthalams, are 276 temples that are revered in the verses of Shaiva Nayanars in the 6th-9th century CE. The Divya Desams by comparison are the 108 Vishnu temples glorified in the poems of the contemporary Sri Vaishnava Alvars of Tamil Nadu, India.
HD 140283
HD 140283 (also known as the Methuselah star) is a metal-poor subgiant star about 200 light years away from the Earth in the constellation Libra, near the boundary with Ophiuchus in the Milky Way galaxy. Its apparent magnitude is 7.205, so it can be seen with binoculars. It is one of the oldest stars known.

HD 140283's light is somewhat blueshifted as it is moving toward rather than away from the Earth and it has been known to astronomers for over a century as a high-velocity star based on its proper motion. An early spectroscopic analysis by Joseph W. Chamberlain and Lawrence Aller revealed it to have a substantially lower metal content than the Sun. Modern spectroscopic analyses find an iron content about a factor of 250 lower than that of the Sun. It is one of the closest metal-poor (population II) stars to Earth.

The star was already known by 1912 when W. S. Adams measured its astrometry using a spectrograph in the Mount Wilson Observatory.

Libra (constellation)
Libra /ˈliːbrə/ is a constellation of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for weighing scales. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♎︎).  It is fairly faint, with no first magnitude stars, and lies between Virgo to the west and Scorpius to the east. Beta Librae, also known as Zubeneschamali, is the brightest star in the constellation. Three star systems are known to have planets.
Oedemera atrata
Oedemera atrata is a species of beetle belonging to the family Oedemeridae subfamily Oedemerinae.

These beetles are present in Albania, Croatia, France, Italy, Greece, Spain and in the Near East.

They are entirely black or very dark green or dark purple. The adults grow up to 6–9 millimetres (0.24–0.35 in) long and can mostly be encountered from May through July feeding on pollen and nectar.

Oedemerinae
Oedemerinae are a subfamily of the false blister beetles (family Oedemeridae), also known as pollen-feeding beetles. The Nacerdinae are sometimes merged here.

The phylogeny of this family is not robustly deduced in detail. While traditionally three tribes are accepted, one is considered monotypic and another has only two genera. Though this may well be warranted, the evolutionary relationships the Oedemerinae are generally in need of review, particularly considering the number of genera treated as basal or of entirely uncertain placement.
Milford Haven Waterway
Milford Haven Waterway (Welsh: Dyfrffordd Aberdaugleddau) is a natural harbour in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is a ria or drowned valley which was flooded at the end of the last ice age. The Daugleddau estuary winds west to the sea. As one of the deepest natural harbours in the world, it is a busy shipping channel, trafficked by ferries from Pembroke Dock to Ireland, oil tankers and pleasure craft. Admiral Horatio Nelson, visiting the haven with the Hamiltons, described it as the next best natural harbour to Trincomalee in Ceylon (today's Sri Lanka) and "the finest port in Christendom". Much of the coastline of the Waterway is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest, listed as Milford Haven Waterway SSSI.

Thornton, Pembrokeshire
Thornton is a small village in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is located approximately 1 mile outside of Milford Haven belonging to the Tiers Cross community. It is mainly residential in nature.  Until recently it was contained within the parish of Steynton.
The Crybaby
The Crybaby is the twelfth studio album by American rock band Melvins, released in 2000 through Ipecac Recordings. It is the last part of a trilogy preceded by The Maggot and The Bootlicker. The trilogy was later released on vinyl by Ipecac Recordings (The Trilogy Vinyl, February 7, 2000), although the song "Divorced" was edited down and the last four tracks were excluded.

Ipecac Recordings
Ipecac Recordings is an independent record label based in California. It was founded on April 1, 1999, by Greg Werckman (ex-label manager of Alternative Tentacles, ex-lead singer of DUH, ex-employee of Mercury Records) and Mike Patton (Faith No More, Mr. Bungle, Fantômas, Tomahawk, Peeping Tom, and Mondo Cane) in Alameda, California.

Originally, the label was created for the sole purpose of releasing the first Fantômas album. It has since distributed music by artists such as Melvins, Oxbow and Isis, as well as several of Patton's other projects and collaborations.

The label is named after syrup of ipecac, an emetic, or vomit-inducing, medicine. Its slogan is "Ipecac Recordings—Making People Sick Since 1999".
Lemery, Batangas
Lemery, officially the Municipality of Lemery (Tagalog: Bayan ng Lemery),  is a municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 94,736 people.

San Luis, Batangas
San Luis, officially the Municipality of San Luis (Tagalog: Bayan ng San Luis),  is a  municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 36,841 people.
Adam Ťoupalík
Adam Ťoupalík (born 9 May 1996) is a Czech cyclo-cross and road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Unibet Tietema Rockets. He won the silver medal in the men's under-23 event at the 2016 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in Heusden-Zolder, being beaten in the sprint by Eli Iserbyt.

Czech Tour
The Czech Tour is an annual men's professional multiple stage bicycle race held in the Czech Republic. It is the largest race of its kind in the country. Since 2015, the Czech Tour has been included in the UCI Europe Tour as a 2.1 series.

The tour takes place in the Olomouc, Moravian-Silesian and Pardubice regions, and passes through the Jeseníky and Beskydy mountain ranges. Climbing routes frequently feature Dlouhé stráně mountain, and the Pustevny and Červenohorské saddles. Since 2019, the tour has concluded in Šternberk.
Sorin Hall (University of Notre Dame)
Sorin Hall, commonly referred to as Sorin College, is the oldest of the 33 residence halls on the campus of the University of Notre Dame and one of the 17 male dorms. It is named after Fr. Edward Sorin, C.S.C., the founder of Notre Dame. Sorin is located directly north of Walsh Hall and is directly south of the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Sorin houses 143 undergraduate students. Sorin Hall is, along with other buildings on the Main Quad of Notre Dame, on the National Register of Historic Places. Sorin Hall was the first Notre Dame residential hall established as such, although St. Edward's Hall is housed in an older building.

Edward Malloy
Edward Aloysius Malloy, C.S.C. (born May 3, 1941) is an American Catholic priest, academic and former college basketball player who is a member of the Congregation of Holy Cross. Commonly referred to as “Monk Malloy”, he is best known for his service as the 16th president of the University of Notre Dame from 1987 to 2005.
Hemorrhois ravergieri
Hemorrhois ravergieri, commonly called the spotted whip snake, is a species of aglyphous (non-venomous) ophidian snake in the family Colubridae. It is endemic to Western, Central and South-Central Asia, from Turkey in the west to Kazakhstan and western Mongolia in the east.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Polkorridoren
Polkorridoren (meaning "Polar Corridor" in Danish), formerly known as Nordpassagen, is a mountain pass in Peary Land, Greenland. Administratively, it is part of the Northeast Greenland National Park.

In 1953, a geological expedition went through the Polkorridoren pass crossing the Roosevelt Range from south to north. The Polkorridoren Group is a geological formation named after the pass.

Peary Land
Peary Land is a peninsula in northern Greenland, extending into the Arctic Ocean. It reaches from Victoria Fjord in the west to Independence Fjord in the south and southeast, and to the Arctic Ocean in the north, with Cape Morris Jesup, the northernmost point of Greenland's mainland, and Cape Bridgman in the northeast.
Judge of Logudoro
The kings or judges (iudices or judikes) of Logudoro (or Torres) were the local rulers of the locum de Torres or region (province) around Porto Torres, the chief northern port of Sardinia, during the Middle Ages.

The identity, number, relationships, and chronology of the kings up until about 1112 are poorly sourced and highly disputed among historians of the period.

Gonario I (c. 1015 – c. 1038)

Comita II (c. 1038 – c. 1060)

Barisone I (c. 1060 – c. 1073)

Andrew Tanca (c. 1064 – c. 1073)

Marianus I (to c. 1082)

Constantine I (c. 1082 – c. 1127)

Gonario II (c. 1127 – 1153)
Saltaro (1127), pretender
Ittocorre Gambella (1127 – 1140), regent

Barisone II (1153 – 1186)

Constantine II (1186 – 1198)

Comita III (1198 – 1218)

Marianus II (1218 – 1233)

Barisone III (1233 – 1236)

Adelasia (1236 – 1259)
Ubaldo (1236 – 1238), husband
Enzio (1238 – 1272), husband

Partitioned between Arborea and the Doria.

Saltaro of Torres
Saltaro was a Sardinian nobleman during the Middle Ages, the son of Constantine I of Logudoro. His mother is unknown but may have been named Marcusa. Whether or not he is the same person as "Saltaro de Gunale", a pretender to the throne of Logudoro in 1127 during the reign of Gonario II, is also uncertain.

While still a young man, Saltaro took part in the Pisan expedition against the Moors of the Balearic Islands in 1114–1115. He was renowned for his handling of the ships and his participation brought honour to his father.
Sirkeci
Sirkeci (pronounced [ˈsiɾkedʒi]) is a neighborhood in the Eminönü quarter of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. In the Byzantine period, the area was known as Prosphorion (Ancient Greek: Προσφόριον).

The neighborhood borders to the north the mouth of the Golden Horn, to the west the neighborhood of Bahçekapı, to the east the Topkapı Palace area, and to the south the Cağaloğlu neighborhood. It hosts the Sirkeci railway station, the easternmost terminus of the Orient Express, a historic long-distance passenger train service in Europe that operated between Paris and Istanbul in the period between 1883 and 2009.

The neighborhood consists mostly of commercial and tourist-oriented buildings. A combination of small shops, hans (larger workshops) and offices intermingle with boutique hotels, traditional Turkish restaurants, Turkish and foreign-language bookstores, and tourist offices.

Prosphorion Harbour
The Prosphorion Harbour (Greek: Προσφόριον) was a harbour in the city of Constantinople, active from the time when the city was still the Greek colony of Byzantium (657 BC – 324 AD), until the eve of the first millennium. Gradually enlarged, it was the first port to be built in the area of the future Constantinople.
Ould el-Hamra Mosque
Ould el-Hamra Mosque (Arabic: مسجد ولد الحمرا) is a mosque in the medina of Casablanca first erected in 1789. Along with the Ettedgui Synagogue and the Church of San Buenaventura, it is of the three buildings representing the three Abrahamic religions in a space of 250 m2 in the medina.

Ettedgui Synagogue
The Ettedgui Synagogue (Arabic: كنيس التدغي) is a synagogue in the medina of Casablanca, Morocco. It was rededicated by King Mohammed VI of Morocco on December 20, 2016, after it was restored. A government grant of about $844,000 funded the restorations, according to the Maghreb Arab Press.

Next to it, there is a museum dedicated to the Mellah of Casablanca, a quarter traditionally inhabited by the Jewish community in the city.