hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andalusian Mail Train Robbery
The Andalusian mail train robbery, also known as the crime on the Andalusian express, consisted of a robbery and murder that took place on 11 April 1924 on board the train leaving Madrid at twenty past eight o'clock in the evening. There were two victims in total, 30-year-old Ángel Ors Pérez and 45-year-old Santos Lozano León, both of whom were traveling post officers. The murders were carried out by means of a firearm and blows dealt with ticket punch pliers.

The case ended when Antonio Teruel, one of the perpetrators, committed suicide by a shot to the head before being arrested, and with José María Sánchez Navarrete, Francisco de Dios Piqueras, and Honorio Sánchez Molina executed by garrote vil on 9 May 1924. In addition, José Donday was sentenced to 20 years in prison. All of them had been found guilty of the crime.

Madrid Atocha railway station
Madrid Atocha (Spanish: Estación de Madrid Atocha), also named Madrid Puerta de Atocha–Almudena Grandes, is the oldest major railway station in Madrid. It is the largest station serving commuter trains (Cercanías), regional trains from the south and southeast, intercity trains from Navarre, Cádiz and Huelva (Andalusia) and La Rioja, and the AVE high speed trains from Girona, Tarragona and Barcelona (Catalonia), Huesca and Zaragoza (Aragon), Sevilla, Córdoba, Málaga and Granada (Andalusia), Valencia, Castellón and Alicante (Levante Region). These train services are run by Spain's national rail company, Renfe. As of 2019, the station has daily service to Marseille, France.
3,5-Difluoro-4-hydroxybenzylidene imidazolinone
3,5-Difluoro-4-hydroxybenzylidene imidazolinone or DFHBI is an imidazolinone fluorophore used in various biochemical studies. The benzene ring of DFHBI can freely rotate around the single bond but when it is fixed in planar conformation, DFHBI fluoresces. It is a synthetic analog of the GFP fluorophore.

Imidazolone
Imidazolinones or imidazolones are a family of heterocyclic compounds, the parents of which have the formula OC(NH)2(CH)2.  Two isomers are possible, depending on the location of the carbonyl (CO) group.  The NH groups are nonadjacent.  A common route to imidazol-2-ones involves condensation of ureas and acyloins.  Some are of interest in the pharmaceuticals.  4-Imidazolones arise from the condensation of amidines with 1,2-dicarbonyls such as glyoxal.

Imidazolinone herbicides work by inhitibing acetolactate synthase and belong to the HRAC class of Group B (Australian, Global), Group 2 (numeric). These herbicides include imazapic, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapyr, imazaquin and imazethapyr.
Volosianka, Lviv Oblast
Volosianka (Ukrainian: Волося́нка, Polish: Wołosianka) is a village (selo) in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, of  Western Ukraine. It is located in the Ukrainian Carpathians, within the limits of the Eastern Beskids. Volosianka belongs to Slavske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population of village is 1297 persons. Local government – Volosiankivska village council. Volosiankivska village council includes village Khashchovania and Yalynkuvate.

The first written mention of Volosianka which dates from 1572.

Until 18 July 2020, Volosianka belonged to Skole Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Skole Raion was merged into Stryi Raion.

Khashchovania
Khashchovania (Ukrainian: Хащова́ня, Polish: Chaszczowanie) is a village (selo) in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, of western Ukraine. More specifically, it is located in the Ukrainian Carpathians within the limits of the Eastern Beskids (Skole Beskids) in southwestern part of the oblast. It is 153 kilometres (95 mi) from the city of Lviv, 41 kilometres (25 mi) from Skole, and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from Slavske. Khashchovania belongs to Slavske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Local government is administered by the  Volosiankivska village council.
Nauwalde
Nauwalde is a village and a former municipality in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2013, it is part of the town Gröditz.

The following villages belong to Nauwalde: Nieska, Schweinfurth and Spansberg.

Meissen (district)
Meissen (German: Meißen) is a district (Kreis) in Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the state of Brandenburg, the district of Bautzen, the urban district Dresden, the districts Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Mittelsachsen and Nordsachsen.
Bidirectional reflectance distribution function
The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), symbol , is a function of four real variables that defines how light from a source is reflected off an opaque surface. It is employed in the optics of real-world light, in computer graphics algorithms, and in computer vision algorithms. The function takes an incoming light direction, , and outgoing direction,  (taken in a coordinate system where the surface normal  lies along the z-axis), and returns the ratio of reflected radiance exiting along  to the irradiance incident on the surface from direction . Each direction  is itself parameterized by azimuth angle  and zenith angle , therefore the BRDF as a whole is a function of  4 variables. The BRDF has units sr−1, with steradians (sr) being a unit of solid angle.

Specular highlight
A specular highlight is the bright spot of light that appears on shiny objects when illuminated (for example, see image on right).  Specular highlights are important in 3D computer graphics, as they provide a strong visual cue for the shape of an object and its location with respect to light sources in the scene.
E-government in Europe
All European countries show eGovernment initiatives, mainly related to the improvement of governance at the national level. Significant eGovernment activities also take place at the European Commission level as well. There is an extensive list of eGovernment Fact Sheets maintained by the European Commission.

E-procurement
E-procurement, also known as electronic procurement and sometimes as supplier exchange, is a collective term used to refer to a range of technologies which can be used to automate the internal and external processes associated with procurement, strategic sourcing, and purchasing.

Examples of e-procurement include e-auctions, e-tendering, automated issue of purchase orders and related receipting and invoicing processes, internet ordering, use of purchasing cards, and the use of information and networking systems such as electronic data interchange and enterprise resource planning systems.

E-procurement can be used across the business-to-business, business-to-consumer and business-to-government marketplaces.
USCGC McLane
USCGC McLane (WSC-146) was a 125 ft (38 m) United States Coast Guard Active-class patrol boat in commission from 1927 to 1971. She was named for Louis McLane, (1786–1857) who was appointed in 1833 as United States Secretary of State. In May 1966, she was redesignated as (WMEC-146).

Medium endurance cutter
The Medium Endurance Cutter or WMEC is a type of United States Coast Guard Cutter mainly consisting of the 270-foot (82 m) Famous- and 210-foot (64 m) Reliance-class cutters. These larger cutters are under control of Area Commands (Atlantic Area or Pacific Area). These cutters have adequate accommodations for crew to live on board and can do 6 to 8 week patrols.

Other ships in the WMEC classification are the 282-foot (86 m) USCGC Alex Haley, and the now-decommissioned 213-foot (65 m) USCGC Acushnet, and 230-foot (70 m) USCGC Storis, and 205-foot (62 m) USCGC Tamaroa which began as the United States Navy Cherokee-class fleet tug USS Zuni launched in 1943.

There are 13 vessels in the Famous class, and 12 vessels still in active US service in the Reliance class. The Coast Guard plans to eventually phase out the vessels in both of these cutter classes and replace them with the Offshore Patrol Cutter as part of the Integrated Deepwater System Program.
Sarkidiornis
Sarkidiornis is a genus within the family Anatidae comprising two species that inhabit aquatic environments in tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Africa and southern Asia. Sarkidiornis is sometimes considered a monotypic genus with its sole member the knob-billed duck (S. melanotos), a cosmopolitan species.

Knob-billed duck
The knob-billed duck (Sarkidiornis melanotos) or African comb duck is a type of duck found along the tropical/sub-tropical wetlands and waterways of Sub-Saharan Africa and the island of Madagascar, as well as most of South Asia and mainland Indochina.

Most taxonomic authorities classify the knob-billed duck and the comb duck separately. A misidentified species of extinct Mauritian comb duck was initially described from unrecognised remains of the Mauritius sheldgoose (Alopochen mauritiana); this was realised as early as 1897, but the printed case of mistaken identity can still, occasionally, be found in modern-day sources.
2018 North Carolina House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 6, 2018, to elect all 120 members to North Carolina's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including U.S. House of Representatives and state senate. The primary election was held on May 8, 2018, with a runoff on June 26, 2018.

Republicans retained control of the House, despite losing the popular vote, but lost their three-fifths supermajority after a net loss of nine seats (compared to the results of the 2016 elections), winning 65 seats compared to 55 seats for the Democrats.

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina were held on November 6, 2018, electing the thirteen U.S. representatives from the State of North Carolina, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

Primary elections in twelve of the thirteen districts were held on May 8, 2018.
Kalwas
Kalwas is a village located in Taranagar subdistrict, Churu district, Rajasthan, India which is situated on the road between Taranagar and Sahawa. As of 2011 it had 528 households and a population of 2,884.

Sahwa, Rajasthan
Sahawa (or Sahwa) is a village in the Taranagar sub-district of Churu district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. This place is famous for an historical Gurudwara and parali transport also.sahawa situated Border of Hanumangarh and Churu district.Sahawa Near City and Village are Kanau,Kunji ,Khopra,Dheerwas Bara,Baniyala. Sahawa are largest Village of Churu district.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Sioux County, Nebraska
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Sioux County, Nebraska.  It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Sioux County, Nebraska, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 7 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.

Sioux County, Nebraska
Sioux County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,135. Its county seat is Harrison. Sioux County is included in the Scottsbluff, NE Micropolitan Statistical Area. In the Nebraska license plate system, Sioux County is represented by the prefix 80 (it had the 80th-largest number of vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Holon Yermiyahu F.C.
Hapoel Holon (Hebrew: הפועל חולון) was an Israeli football club based in Holon. It ceased to exist in 1985 when it merged with Tzafririm Holon to form Hapoel Tzafririm Holon. In summer 2014 the club was resurrected by local businessmen.

In summer 2016 Hapoel Tzafririm Holon and F.C. Holon Yaniv merged to "Hapoel Holon" and the club refounded.

Liga Gimel
Liga Gimel (Hebrew: ליגה ג', lit. League C) is, since 2009, the fifth and bottom division of Israeli Football League. From Liga Alef and downwards, including Liga Gimel, each league is separated by region.
ABC North Queensland
ABC North Queensland is an ABC Local Radio station based in Townsville broadcasting to North Queensland. This includes the towns of Bowen, Charters Towers, Ingham and Ayr.

The station began broadcasting as 4QN in 1936.  It was originally a relay station covering the whole of North Queensland with limited local news bulletins.  Local program content increased in the 1960s and the station was also the home of regional ABC Television in Townsville, Cairns and Mount Isa.

By the 1980s local program content was broadcast for most of the day, as well as a separate regional breakfast program.  4QN was also the headquarters of the regional network.

John Nutting launched the Saturday Night Country show in 1994 from 4QN which is now broadcast nationally.  The Townsville studios were also home to the first Aboriginal and Islander broadcasting in Australia.

Ayr, Queensland
Ayr is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Burdekin, Queensland, Australia. It is the centre of a sugarcane-growing region and the administrative centre for the Burdekin Shire Council. In the 2021 census, the locality of Ayr had a population of 8,603 people.
Metromedia Square
Metromedia Square (later known as Fox Television Center from 1986 to 1996) was a radio and television studio facility located at 5746 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California on the southeastern corner of Sunset and Van Ness Avenue in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. For decades, it was recognizable by the white, ladder-like snake on the building's roof. This work of art was called "Starsteps" and was dismantled when ownership of the building changed hands in 2000.

Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California, United States, that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles. It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles.
HMS Kestrel (1856)
HMS Kestrel was a Clown-class gunboat of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1856, serving in China and Japan in the 1850s and 1860s. She saw action during the Second Opium War and the Taiping Rebellion.

Clown-class gunboat
The Clown-class gunboat was a class of twelve gunboats ordered by the Royal Navy in January 1856 for use in the Crimean War, although by the time they were completed, later that year, the Crimean War was over and some of these gunboats were sent to the Far East and took part in the Second Opium War.
Gillock
Gillock is a small village in Caithness, the north part of the Highland council area of Scotland. It is 262 miles north of Edinburgh, situated between the towns of Wick and Thurso. The village is located at grid reference ND210595, on the B874 road.

Gillock comprises around 10 homes, with 9 new homes being sold just outside the village. Allans Of Gillock is a farming tools retailer based in the village, and the local post office is based in Allans. The local primary school is Bower Primary, situated in the village of Bower, approximately three miles north of Gillock. The local high schools are Thurso and Wick High Schools, situated in their respective towns.

The villages of Watten and Halkirk are close to Gillock. The nearest hospital is Caithness General Hospital in Wick, and the nearest large hospital is Raigmore in Inverness. The nearest railway station is Georgemas Junction railway station on the Far North Line.

Halkirk
Halkirk (Scottish Gaelic: Hàcraig) is a village on the River Thurso in Caithness, in the Highland council area of Scotland. From Halkirk the B874 road runs towards Thurso in the north and towards Georgemas in the east. The village is within the parish of Halkirk, and is said by locals to be Scotland's first planned village.
Quercus fabrei
Quercus fabrei, or Faber's oak, is a species of deciduous oak tree found in China mainland (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, southern Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces) as well as Hong Kong (Tai Po and North districts).

Faber's oak can take on the form of either a large shrub or a tree, with the latter form reaching up to 20 metres in height. The tree has elongated leaves, with the tip of the leaf being wider than the base. The leaves are serrated, although the teeth are smaller than those of more well-known oak species such as Quercus robur.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur, the pedunculate (or "English") oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe, North Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a very wide diversity of herbivorous insects and other pests, predators and pathogens.
Leaf mimicry
Leaf mimicry is the evolved resemblance of an organism to a leaf, a form of mimicry. This may serve directly as camouflage, or it may function as Batesian mimicry if the leaf model is distasteful; for example, if it has chemical defences. The mimicking organism can be a plant, such as the vine Boquila trifoliolata, or an animal. The vine senses and adopts different leaf shapes according to its surroundings. Among animals, many leaf mimics are insects, especially butterflies, katydids, and phasmids. Others are vertebrates, including leaffishes and toads. The mimicry, both in insects and among vertebrates, can involve behaviour as well as coloration and body shape.

Fossilised leaf-mimicking insects are known from the Jurassic of northeastern China, including both grigs and lacewings, and from a phasmid of the Eocene of Germany.

Hugh B. Cott
Hugh Bamford Cott (6 July 1900 – 18 April 1987) was a British zoologist, an authority on both natural and military camouflage, and a scientific illustrator and photographer. Many of his field studies took place in Africa, where he was especially interested in the Nile crocodile, the evolution of pattern and colour in animals. During the Second World War, Cott worked as a camouflage expert for the British Army and helped to influence War Office policy on camouflage. His book Adaptive Coloration in Animals (1940), popular among serving soldiers, was the major textbook on camouflage in zoology of the twentieth century. After the war, he became a Fellow of Selwyn College, Cambridge. As a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London, he undertook expeditions to Africa and the Amazon to collect specimens, mainly reptiles and amphibians.
2025 NRFL Leagues
The 2025 NRFL Leagues was the 61st and 59th seasons respectively of the NRFL Championship and NRFL Conference,  football competitions in New Zealand. Established in 1965, currently twelve teams compete in the Championship while 8 teams compete in the Northern and Southern sections of the Conference League.

NRFL Conference
The Northern Regional Football League Conference, currently known as  Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Conference for sponsorship reasons, is a New Zealand Semi-Professional football league. The league is run by the Auckland Football Federation and includes football clubs located in the northern part of the North Island, New Zealand. It is open to clubs from the Northland, Auckland, Waikato and Bay of Plenty provinces. Up until 2022, the competition was known as NRFL Division 2, and was not split into Northern and Southern competitions.

The fixtures are generally played from April to September. Clubs are able to win promotion to NRFL Championship.

The current champions are Franklin United (Northern) and Waikato Unicol (Southern). Franklin United were promoted to the 2024 NRFL Championship season.
2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – Pool C
Group C of the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group III of the 2005 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team will play for advancement to Group II.

2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the sixteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III. The top two teams advanced to 2006 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II.
2007 UAB Blazers football team
The 2007 UAB Blazers football team represented the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) as a member of the East Division in Conference USA (C-USA) during the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Neil Callaway, the Blazers compiled an overall record of 2–10 with a mark of 1–7 in conference play, placing last out of six teams in C-USA's East Division. The team played home games at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama.

Neil Callaway
Claude Neil Callaway (born November 15, 1955) is an American college football coach and former player who was most recently the offensive line coach for the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL). Callaway served as the head football coach at University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) from 2007 to 2011, compiling a record of 18–42. A 1974 graduate of Central High School in Macon, Georgia, he played collegiately at the University of Alabama for coach Bear Bryant as a lineman and linebacker before graduating in 1978.
Pucaraju (Huari)
Pucaraju (possibly from Quechua puka red, rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow, "red snow-covered mountain") is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 m (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Ancash Region, Huari Province, Huari District. Pucaraju lies on a ridge east of Jacabamba.

Cordillera Blanca
The Cordillera Blanca (Spanish for "white range") is a mountain range in Peru that is part of the larger Andes range and extends for 200 kilometres (124 mi) between 8°08' and 9°58'S and 77°00' and 77°52'W, in a northwesterly direction. It includes several peaks over 6,000 metres (19,690 ft) high and 722 individual glaciers. The highest mountain in Peru, Huascarán, at 6,768 metres (22,205 ft) high, is located there.

The Cordillera Blanca lies in the Ancash region and runs parallel to the Santa River valley (also called Callejón de Huaylas in its upper and midsections) on the west. Huascarán National Park, established in 1975, encompasses almost the entire range of the Cordillera Blanca.

Snowmelt from the Cordillera Blanca provides part of northern Peru with its year-round water supply, while 5% of Peru's power comes from a hydro-electrical plant located in the Santa River valley. The area of permanent ice cover shrank by about a third between the 1970s and 2006.
Grant Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan
Grant Township is a civil township of Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 1,212, a slight increase from 1,066 at the 2010 census. Grant Township is part of the Traverse City metropolitan area.

Manistee County, Michigan
Manistee County (/mænɪsti/ man-iss-TEE) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,032. The county seat is Manistee. The county is named for the Manistee River. Manistee County is part of Northern Michigan and has a shoreline on Lake Michigan.