hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banking in the United States
In the United States, banking had begun by the 1780s, along with the country's founding. It has developed into a highly influential and complex system of banking and financial services. Anchored by New York City and Wall Street, it is centered on various financial services, such as private banking, asset management, and deposit security.

The beginnings of the banking industry can be traced to 1780 when the Bank of Pennsylvania was founded to fund the American Revolutionary War. After merchants in the Thirteen Colonies needed a currency as a medium of exchange, the Bank of North America was opened to facilitate more advanced financial transactions.

As of 2018, the largest banks in the United States were JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Citigroup, and Goldman Sachs. In March 2024, there were 4,587 FDIC insured commercial banks and savings institutions in the U.S.

National Bank Act
The National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864 were two United States federal banking acts that established a system of national banks chartered at the federal level, and created the United States National Banking System. They encouraged development of a national fiat currency backed by bank holdings of U.S. Treasury securities and established the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency as part of the United States Department of the Treasury. The Act shaped today's national banking system and its support of a uniform U.S. banking policy.
Peko Dapčević
Peko Dapčević (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Пеко Дапчевић; 25 June 1913 – 10 February 1999) was a Yugoslav communist who fought as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War, joined the Partisan uprising in Montenegro, and became commander of the Yugoslav 1st Proletarian Corps, 1st and 4th Armies.

Dapčević led the Partisan troops that, along with Soviet Red Army under General Vladimir Zhdanov, liberated Belgrade on October 20, 1944. He was the first person to be proclaimed as honorary citizen of Belgrade. He was also among the founders of FK Partizan, the football section of the Partizan Sports Society.

In 1953, Dapčević was named Chief of the Yugoslav General Staff, but was demoted as a result of being indirectly involved in the Milovan Đilas troubles with the party.

Vladimir Zhdanov
Vladimir Ivanovich Zhdanov (Russian: Владимир Иванович Жданов; 29 April 1902 – 19 October 1964) was a colonel-general of tank troops in the armed forces of the Soviet Union. He was a major general in the Soviet Red Army during World War II.
Sima Tan
Sima Tan (traditional Chinese: 司馬談; simplified Chinese: 司马谈; pinyin: Sīmǎ Tán; Wade–Giles: Ssu-ma T'an; c. 165–110 BCE) was a Chinese astrologist, astronomer, and historian during the Western Han dynasty. His work Records of the Grand Historian was completed by his son Sima Qian, who is considered the founder of Chinese historiography.

Herrlee G. Creel
Herrlee Glessner Creel (January 19, 1905 – June 1, 1994) was an American Sinologist and philosopher who specialized in Chinese philosophy and history, and a professor of Chinese at the University of Chicago for nearly 40 years.  A prolific author, on his retirement Creel was praised by his colleagues as an innovative pioneer on early Chinese civilization, and as one who could write for specialists and general public with cogency, lucidity, and grace. Creel was known for his early work on Confucius, the history of Chinese thought, and his unsurpassed study and translation of Shen Buhai.
2013 United Bowl
The 2013 United Bowl was the fifth title game of the Indoor Football League (IFL). It was played on June 29, 2013, at the Sioux Falls Arena in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The top seed in the United Conference, the Sioux Falls Storm, defeated the top seed in the Intense Conference—the Nebraska Danger—by a score of 43–40.

Sioux Falls Arena
Sioux Falls Arena is a 7,500-seat multi-purpose arena located in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The facility was built in 1961. It seats 6,113 for basketball games and 4,760 for indoor football and hockey.

It was the home of the Sioux Falls Skyforce basketball team (1989–2013), the Sioux Falls Storm indoor football team, and the Sioux Falls Stampede ice hockey team, as well as a variety of state high school championship events.

The Sioux Falls Arena hosted the men's and women's Summit League Basketball Championship from 2009 until the opening of the Denny Sanford PREMIER Center in 2014.

Beginning in the fall of 2014, the Arena has been the home of Augustana University Vikings men's and women's basketball games.

Elvis Presley performed one of his final concerts here on June 22, 1977.
Libru
Libru is a village in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the border of the municipalities of Arendal and Froland. The village lies at the southern end of the lake Assævannet, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast of Blakstad in Froland and about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the town of Arendal. The village of Rise lies along the Arendalsbanen railway line, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southwest of Libru.

Arendal
Arendal (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːɳɖɑːɫ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Agder county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the region of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of Agder county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include Rykene, Eydehavn, Færvik, Strengereid, Kongshavn, Kilsund, Brattekleiv, Torsbudalen, Longum, Saltrød, Staubø, Vrengen, and Kolbjørnsvik. The offices of UNEP/GRID-Arendal are also located in the city of Arendal.

The 270-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's population density is 179.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (466/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Cathedral of Elijah the Prophet, Aleppo
Cathedral of Elijah the Prophet (Arabic: كاتدرائية النبي إلياس) is a Greek Orthodox church in Jdeydeh quarter of Aleppo, Syria. The church belongs the Greek Orthodox Prelacy, the Diocese of Aleppo. It was consecrated in December 2000 as the new Greek Cathedral in Aleppo.

Al-Jdayde
Al-Jdayde (Arabic: جديدة "The New Town", also transcribed as al-Jdeideh, al-Judayda, al-Jdeïdé, al-Jadida or al-Jdeydeh) is a historic predominantly Christian neighbourhood of Aleppo. Noted for its winding narrow alleys, richly decorated mansions and churches—it is an area of significant cultural and historical interest. Much of Al-Jdayde suffered catastrophic damage during the Syrian Civil War.
Dawn station
Dawn is a station on the Port Authority of Allegheny County's light rail network, located in the Beechview neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The street level stop located in an especially hilly portion of a neighborhood known for its rolling terrain, providing access to commuters within walking distance. The station is located along the South Busway at the south end of the Palm Garden trestle and also serves as a transfer opportunity to the one city bus that stops at the same location.

South Busway
The South Busway is a two-lane bus rapid transit highway serving southern portions of the city of Pittsburgh. The busway runs for 4.3 miles (6.9 km) from the Mt. Washington Transit Tunnel across the Monongahela River from Downtown Pittsburgh to the Overbrook neighborhood of the city, bypassing the crowded Pennsylvania Route 51 (Saw Mill Run Boulevard). It is owned and maintained by Pittsburgh Regional Transit, the public transit provider for Allegheny County and the Pittsburgh region.
Mumaičiai, Kėdainiai
Mumaičiai (Russian: Мумайце, Polish: Mamajcie) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 7 people. It is located 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) from Ažytėnai, between the Vinkšupis (a tributary of the Šušvė) and the Srautas (a tributary of the Dotnuvėlė) rivers.

Šušvė
Šušvė (ˈʃuːʃvʲeː) is a river in central Lithuania, a right (the longest) tributary of the Nevėžis river. It begins in Kelmė district municipality, 6 km (4 mi) southeast from Tytuvėnai. The 134.6 km (83.6 mi) long river passes through Tytuvėnai and Sulinkiai Marshes and flows south through Radviliškis district municipality. Finally, Šušvė passes through Kėdainiai district municipality and flows into the Nevėžis near Graužiai village.

The width of the river valley is between 0.5 and 3 km. From December to March Šušvė is usually frozen. Dams were built at Vaitiekūnai and Angiriai (Angiriai Reservoir). The Šušvė Hydrological Sanctuary was established in 1992 to protect the lower courses of the river.

The main towns and villages by the Šušvė river are Šiaulėnai, Pašušvys (Radviliškis municipality), Grinkiškis, Vaitiekūnai, Pašušvys (Kėdainiai municipality), Angiriai, Josvainiai.
Daughters of America National Home
The Daughters of America National Home is a historic building in Tiffin, Ohio opened in 1930 and now known as Coventry House. The National Register of Historic Places listed the Daughters of America facility in 2003.

Tiffin, Ohio
Tiffin is a city in Seneca County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Developed along the Sandusky River, Tiffin is located about 55 miles (89 km) southeast of Toledo. The population was 17,953 at the 2020 census.

It is the home of Heidelberg University and Tiffin University. At one time the city was noted as a glass and porcelain manufacturing center. The National Arbor Day Foundation has designated Tiffin as a Tree City USA.
Well, Lincolnshire
Well is a small estate village and civil parish about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of the town of Alford, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish was 166 at the 2011 census.  It is situated on the foot of the east entry to the Lincolnshire Wolds. The population of 166 as at the 2011 census includes the hamlet of Claxby St. Andrew.  The village provides views of the gradually sloping hills towards the west.

The name 'Well' comes from the Old English word wella meaning 'spring/stream'.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Mary Epworth
Mary Epworth is an English singer, songwriter, and composer. In 2012, Epworth unveiled her debut album, Dream Life, receiving significant radio backing. Singles such as "Black Doe" and "Long Gone" were featured on BBC Radio 6 Music playlists, with "Black Doe" selected as Zane Lowe's Hottest Record in the World on BBC Radio 1.

Radcliffe & Maconie
Radcliffe & Maconie is a weekend radio programme broadcast on BBC Radio 6 Music in the United Kingdom and via the internet. It runs from 8-10 a.m. on Saturday and Sunday, and is presented by Mark Radcliffe and Stuart Maconie. The show originally ran on BBC Radio 2 from 16 April 2007 until 23 March 2011, where it was known as The Radcliffe and Maconie Show.  Originally broadcast on weekday afternoons, the current 6 Music show broadcasts from the BBC's MediaCityUK in Salford, Greater Manchester. The duo celebrated the 10th anniversary of the show and broadcasting together on 17 April 2017. The show moved to the weekend breakfast slot in January 2019.
Velika Jasikova
Velika Jasikova is a village in the municipality of Zaječar, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 802 people.

Dominant ethnic group: Serbs 48.4% and Vlachs 35.6%.

There are Roman ruins at the outskirts of the village and the foundations of a Mediaeval church in the fields surrounding the village.

Zaječar
Zaječar (Serbian Cyrillic: Зајечар, pronounced [zâjɛtʃar]; Romanian: Zaicear or Zăiceari) is a city and the administrative center of the Zaječar District in eastern Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the city administrative area had a population of 48,621 inhabitants. 
Zaječar is widely known for its rock music festival Gitarijada and for the ZALET festival dedicated to contemporary art. Roman Emperor Galerius was born in Gamzigrad, near Zaječar, where he built the city of Felix Romuliana.
Kish Galeh Bid
Kish Galeh Bid (Persian: كيش گله بيد, also Romanized as Kīsh Galeh Bīd) is a village in Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Besharat District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 84, in 15 families.

Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District
Zalaqi-ye Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ذلقي شرقي) is in Zalaqi District of Aligudarz County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chaleh Pareh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kish Olya.
Waldemar Schreckenberger
Waldemar Schreckenberger (12 November 1929 – 4 August 2017) was a German lawyer, professor emeritus, and  politician born in Ludwigshafen. After his graduation from Heidelberg Law School, he earned a doctorate, and completed his habilitation at the German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer. Subsequently, he assumed full professorships of public law and legal philosophy at the University of Mainz and at Speyer. From 1981 to 1982, he served as Minister of Justice of Rhineland Palatinate and thereafter as Chancellery Chief of Staff under Chancellor Helmut Kohl.

He died on 4 August 2017 at the age of 87.

Head of the Federal Chancellery of Germany
The Head of the Chancellery (German: Chef des Bundeskanzleramtes, abbreviated ChefBK) is the highest ranking official of the German Chancellery and the principal assistant of the Chancellor of Germany. The Chief of Staff is in charge of the running of the German Chancellery as well as with coordinating the federal government's work. The Chief of Staff is either a member of the federal cabinet with the rank of Federal Minister for Special Affairs or holds the rank of Secretary of State. All Chiefs of Staff since 2005 have been members of the federal cabinet.
Scissor Seven
Scissor Seven, also known as Killer Seven (Chinese: 刺客伍六七, Cìkè Wuliùqi) is a Chinese manhua series created by He Xiaofeng, serialized on the website Tencent Dongman between 2016 and 2017. It was followed by an anime-style donghua series aired in China since April 25, 2018 on the websites Bilibili and Tencent Video. The fourth season premiered on January 18, 2023. A film sequel to the series' fourth season was announced at the end of the season's final episode. The teaser trailer of the fifth season was posted on April 25, 2024. The fifth season premiered in China on October 2, 2024. A prequel manhua series, Scissor Seven: Black and White Twin Dragons, has been published on Tencent Dongman and Manga Bilibili since 2021. Scissor Seven debuted in worldwide as a Netflix Original. The series also received a nomination in the TV Film category at the 2018 Annecy International Animated Film Festival.

Manhua
Manhua (traditional Chinese: 漫畫; simplified Chinese: 漫画; pinyin: mànhuà) are Chinese-language comics produced in Greater China. Chinese comics and narrated illustrations have existed in China throughout its history.

They are usually graphic and can be written for a myriad of genres, including romance, fantasy, historical, thrillers, paranormal, and horror. The narratives are varied but often include tropes and plots common to Asian culture and settings.

The first major manhua magazine, Shanghai Sketch, first published in 1928. During the early 20th century, political manhua  were printed as propaganda during times of political upheaval. At the start of the 21st century, Chinese cartoonists began to publish manhua through social media and microblogging websites.
Spencer Roane
Spencer Roane (April 4, 1762 – September 4, 1822) was a Virginia lawyer, politician and jurist.  He served in the Virginia House of Delegates for six years and a year in the Commonwealth's small executive branch (Council of State). The majority of his public career was as a judge, first of the General Court and later (for 27 years) on the Court of Appeals (which later became the Supreme Court of Virginia).

John Taylor of Caroline
John Taylor (December 19, 1753 – August 21, 1824), usually called John Taylor of Caroline (a reference to his home county), was an American politician and writer. He served in the Virginia House of Delegates (1779–1781, 1783–1785, 1796–1800) and in the United States Senate (1792–1794, 1803, 1822–1824).  He wrote several books on politics and agriculture. He was a Jeffersonian Republican and his works provided inspiration to the later states' rights and libertarian movements.  Sheldon and Hill (2008) locate Taylor at the intersection of republicanism  and classical liberalism. They see his position as a "combination of a concern with Lockean natural rights, freedom, and limited government along with a classical interest in strong citizen participation in rule to prevent concentrated power and wealth, political corruption, and financial manipulation."
Naval Observatory Vector Astrometry Subroutines
The Naval Observatory Vector Astrometry Software (NOVAS) is a software library for astrometry-related numerical computations. It is developed by the Astronomical Applications Department, United States Naval Observatory. Currently, NOVAS has three different editions, for C, Fortran, and Python.

Astrometry
Astrometry is a branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. It provides the kinematics and physical origin of the Solar System and this galaxy, the Milky Way.
Portland, Guadeloupe
Portland is a settlement in Guadeloupe in the commune of Le Moule, on the island of Grande-Terre.  It is located to the east of Guillocheau and Laureal, and to the west of Dubedou and Zevallos; Conchou is to its north.

Saint-François, Guadeloupe
Saint-François (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ fʁɑ̃swa]; Antillean Creole: Senfwanswa) is a town and commune in the French overseas department of Guadeloupe, located in the southeast point of the main island of Grande-Terre.

Settlements include Chassaing, and Dubedou.

There are four public preschools and eight public primary schools.

The Collège Alexandre Macal is a public junior high school.
1985 National Panasonic Cup
The 1985 National Panasonic Cup was the 12th edition of the NSWRL Midweek Cup, a NSWRL-organised national club Rugby League tournament between the leading clubs and representative teams from the NSWRL, the BRL, the CRL and the NZRL.

A total of 16 teams from across Australia and New Zealand played 15 matches in a straight knock-out format, with the matches being held midweek during the premiership season.

Amco Cup
The Amco Cup (subsequently known by various other sponsors' names including the Tooth Cup, KB Cup, National Panasonic Cup and Panasonic Cup) was a mid-week rugby league competition held in Australia between 1974 and 1989. The format was usually a straight knock-out, but various group formats were used between 1979 and 1982. It aired on Channel Ten with Ray Warren and Keith Barnes the commentators for many years. The concept was created by Colin McLennan.
250 BC
Year 250 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Regulus and Longus (or, less frequently, year 504 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 250 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Magas of Cyrene
Magas of Cyrene (Ancient Greek: Μάγας ὁ Κυρηναῖος; born before 317 BC – 250 BC, ruled 276 BC – 250 BC) was a Greek King of Cyrenaica. Through his mother’s second marriage to Ptolemy I he became a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty. He managed to wrest independence for Cyrenaica (in modern Libya) from the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty of Ancient Egypt, and became King of Cyrenaica from 276 BC to 250 BC.
Correlative rights doctrine
The correlative rights doctrine is a legal doctrine limiting the rights of landowners to a common source of groundwater (such as an aquifer) to a reasonable share, typically based on the amount of land owned by each on the surface above.  This doctrine is also applied to oil and gas in some U.S. states.

Legal doctrine
A legal doctrine is a framework, set of rules, procedural steps, or test, often established through precedent in the common law, through which judgments can be determined in a given legal case. For example, a doctrine comes about when a judge makes a ruling where a process is outlined and applied, and allows for it to be equally applied to like cases. When enough judges make use of the process, it may become established as the de facto method of deciding like situations.
Malik Riaz
Malik Riaz Hussain (Urdu: ملک ریاض حسین; born February 8, 1954) is a Pakistani businessman, philanthropist and real estate tycoon who is the founder and chairman of Bahria Town and Defence Housing Authority, two of the largest privately owned real estate development companies in Asia.

Riaz leads a vast real estate empire, developing large-scale, master-planned gated communities such as Bahria Town Karachi, Bahria Town Lahore, and Bahria Town Islamabad and Rawalpindi and Defence Housing Authority, Karachi.

He has also financed the construction of some of Pakistan's largest mosques including the Grand Jamia Mosque in Lahore, the Lal Masjid in Islamabad and the Grand Jamia Mosque in Karachi, which is projected to become the world's third-largest mosque upon completion.

Grand Jamia Mosque (Karachi)
The Grand Jamia Mosque (Urdu: گرینڈ جامع مسجد, romanized: graiṇḍ jāmi' masjid) is a mosque under construction in Bahria Town Karachi, in the Sindh province of Pakistan. When completed, the complex will include a mosque with the capacity to accommodate 800,000 worshippers at a time, making it Pakistan's largest and the world's fourth-largest mosque according to capacity.
Raft Mountain
Raft Mountain is a mountain in east-central British Columbia, Canada, located north-east of Clearwater and just outside the south boundary of Wells Gray Provincial Park. The Clearwater River flows to the west, Raft River to the east, Spahats Creek to the north, and North Thompson River to the south. Raft Mountain is part of the Shuswap Highland. There are five summits in the group and the highest is 2,450 m (8,038 ft). Trophy Mountain is the closest summit to the north.

Raft River (British Columbia)
The Raft River is a tributary of the North Thompson River, one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It flows through the Shuswap Highland region southeast of Wells Gray Provincial Park. Most of the Raft River's watershed lies outside the boundaries of Wells Gray, except for some of the headwaters of the West Raft River tributary.