hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brian Guiliana
Brian Guiliana in an American college baseball coach and former outfielder. He played college baseball for the George Washington Revolutionaries from 1993 to 1996 under head coach Jay Murphy. Guiliana was the head baseball coach at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) from 2013 to 2018.

On June 20, 1991, Guiliana committed to play baseball at George Washington. Guiliana served as captain and led the Colonials in home runs in his senior season. From 2006 through 2010, he served as a scout for the Florida Marlins, covering New Jersey and the northeast. He worked as the only full-time assistant coach at NJIT in 2011 and 2012, handling recruiting and on field duties, and took over as head coach after Mike Cole was fired. In all of his seasons, he has led the Highlanders to 20 wins or more. On August 23, 2018, Guiliana stepped down as the head coach at NJIT.

Mike Cole (baseball)
Michael J. Cole is an American college baseball coach and former third baseman, who is the current associate head baseball coach for the Army Black Knights. Cole played college baseball at the University of Vermont from 1998 to 2001 for coach Bill Currier. He also served as the head coach of the NJIT Highlanders (2011–2012) and the Manhattan Jaspers (2018–2022)
Sleep cycle
The sleep cycle is an oscillation between the slow-wave and REM (paradoxical) phases of sleep. It is sometimes called the ultradian sleep cycle, sleep–dream cycle, or REM-NREM cycle, to distinguish it from the circadian alternation between sleep and wakefulness. In humans, this cycle takes 70 to 110 minutes (90 ± 20 minutes).  Within the sleep of adults and infants there are cyclic fluctuations between quiet and active sleep. These fluctuations may persist during wakefulness as rest-activity cycles but are less easily discerned.

Slow-wave sleep
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, is the third stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), where electroencephalography activity is characterised by slow delta waves.

Slow-wave sleep usually lasts between 70 and 90 minutes, taking place during the first hours of the night. Slow-wave sleep is characterised by moderate muscle tone, slow or absent eye movement, and lack of genital activity. Slow-wave sleep is considered important for memory consolidation, declarative memory, and the recovery of the brain from daily activities.

Before 2007, the term slow-wave sleep referred to the third and fourth stages of NREM. Current terminology combined these into a single stage three.: 291
Yukigassen
Yukigassen (雪合戦; IPA: [jɯkiɡaꜜsseɴ]) is a snowball fighting-competition played between two teams of seven players each on a pitch of snow 10 meters wide and 36 meters long. The pitch is divided into halves, and each half has three defensive "shelters" and the team flag. The goal of the game is to either capture the other team's flags or to eliminate all of the other team's players by hitting them with snowballs, 90 of which are made prior to the start of gameplay. The game has been compared to capture the flag, dodgeball, and paintball.

Sōbetsu, Hokkaido
Sōbetsu (壮瞥町, Sōbetsu-chō) is a town located in Iburi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

As of October 2020, the town has an estimated population of 2,743, and a density of 13 persons per km2. The total area is 205.04 km2.

It is home of the Showa Shinzan Yukigassen Tournament, a major Japanese snowball fight tournament.
The Verve Pipe
The Verve Pipe is an American rock band from Michigan. They were formed in 1992 in East Lansing by Brian Vander Ark (vocals, guitar), Brad Vander Ark (bass), Brian Stout (guitar), and Donny Brown (drums). They are widely known for their songs "The Freshmen" and "Photograph".

East Lansing, Michigan
East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County, although a small portion extends north into Clinton County. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 47,741. The city is located immediately east of Lansing, Michigan's capital and sixth most populous city. Both cities are part of the Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area.

East Lansing is a college town, and is home to Michigan State University (MSU), one of the largest public universities in the United States. The city is economically and demographically dominated by MSU.
Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
The Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) is a research-oriented university focused on science and technology that is located in Gwangju, South Korea. GIST is a member of the research-oriented universities group consisting of GIST-KAIST-UNIST-UST-POSTECH-DGIST.

KAIST
KAIST (originally the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) is a national research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public, research-oriented science and engineering institution. KAIST has been internationally accredited in business education, and hosts the Secretariat of the Association of Asia-Pacific Business Schools (AAPBS). KAIST has 10,504 full-time students and 1,342 faculty researchers (as of the Fall 2019 Semester) and had a total budget of US$765 million in 2013, of which US$459 million was from research contracts.

In 2007, KAIST partnered with international institutions and adopted dual degree programs for its students. Its partner institutions include the Technical University of Denmark, Carnegie Mellon University, the Georgia Institute of Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Technical University of Munich.
Saburo Yokozawa
Saburo Yokozawa (横沢 三郎, Yokozawa Saburō) (1904–1995) is a Japanese former professional baseball manager and umpire. He was involved in various iterations of Japanese professional baseball from 1929 through 1959.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Faroese phonology
The phonology of Faroese has an inventory similar to the closely related Icelandic language, but markedly different processes differentiate the two. Similarities include an aspiration contrast in stop consonants, the retention of front rounded vowels and vowel quality changes instead of vowel length distinctions.

Faroese is not remotely close to having a standard and difference between dialects are very marked. When diving into the specifics, this article primarily discuss Tórshavn varieties, as it is the biggest city on the islands and where most academics have a pied-à-terre.

Retroflex consonant
A retroflex (/ˈrɛtrəflɛks, -roʊ-/ ⓘ) consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate. They are sometimes referred to as cerebral consonants—especially in Indology. Other terms are domal and cacuminal (/kəˈkjuːmɪnəl/ ⓘ), though in rare cases either word can mean palatal consonants more broadly.

The Latin-derived word retroflex means "bent back"; some retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tongue fully curled back so that articulation involves the underside of the tongue tip (subapical). These sounds are sometimes described as "true" retroflex consonants. However, retroflexes are commonly taken to include other consonants having a similar place of articulation without such extreme curling of the tongue; these may be articulated with the tongue tip (apical) or the tongue blade (laminal). When apical, they have been called apico-domal or apico-palatal consonants.
Uma–Maheshvara
Uma–Maheshvara (Sanskrit: उमामहेश्वर, romanized: Umāmaheśvara) is a form of the divine couple, Shiva (Maheshvara) and Parvati (Uma), in Hindu iconography. It features the two principle Hindu deities in a benign form. It is one of the panchavimshatimurti (twenty-five forms of Shiva in Hindu iconography), as has been described in the Agamas, particularly in the Shaiva Siddhanta tracts of Southern India, and in the Silpa texts. The Uma–Maheshvara images are found in the sanctum sanctorum of several South Indian temples, on the relief-sculptures of the temple walls, and in museum collections. Images exist as paintings and sculptures made out of various materials that represent the potent symbol of the two deities. This form of the deities also travelled in neighbouring countries. In terms of the Hindu spiritual symbolism, the image represents the power and the significance of procreation.

Hindu iconography
Over the millennia of its development, Hinduism has adopted several iconic symbols, forming part of  Hindu iconography, that are imbued with spiritual meaning based on either the scriptures or cultural traditions. The exact significance accorded to any of the icons varies with region, period and denomination of the followers. Over time some of the symbols, for instance the Swastika has come to have wider association while others like Om are recognized as unique representations of Hinduism. Other aspects of Hindu iconography are covered by the terms murti, for icons and mudra for gestures and positions of the hands and body.
Nora Gúnera de Melgar
Alba Nora Gúnera Osorio (May 1942 – 1 October 2021) was a Honduran politician and wife of General Juan Alberto Melgar Castro, the Honduran military Head of State from 1975 to 1978. After being elected mayor of Tegucigalpa, she ran for president under the National Party in the 1997 elections, but lost to Liberal Party nominee Carlos Roberto Flores Facusse. She served as the 6th Vice-President of the National Congress of Honduras during the 2010–2014 legislature.

Carlos Roberto Flores
Carlos Roberto Flores Facussé (born 10 March 1950) is a Honduran politician and businessman who served as the 33rd President of Honduras from 27 January 1998 to 27 January 2002. A member of the Liberal Party, Flores was previously the President of the National Congress from 25 January 1994 to 25 January 1998.
Leonardo's Swans
Leonardo's Swans is an international bestseller by Karen Essex, published by Doubleday in 2006.  The novel tells the story of the rivalry between the powerful Este sisters, Beatrice and Isabella, princesses of the House of Ferrara, as they competed for the attentions of both the Duke of Milan and Leonardo da Vinci when the artist was court painter in the High Renaissance.  Also included are excerpts from Leonardo's own journals and letters, which reflect the contents of each chapter.

House of Este
The House of Este (UK: /ˈɛsti/ EST-ee, US: /ˈɛsteɪ/ EST-ay, Italian: [ˈɛste]) is a European dynasty of North Italian origin whose members ruled parts of Italy and Germany for many centuries.

The original House of Este's elder branch, which is known as the House of Welf, included dukes of Bavaria and of Brunswick. This branch produced Britain's Hanoverian monarchs, as well as one Emperor of Russia (Ivan VI) and one Holy Roman Emperor (Otto IV).

The original House of Este's younger branch, which is simply called the House of Este, included rulers of Ferrara (1240–1597), and of Modena (900–1859) and Reggio (1288–1796). This branch's male line became extinct with the death of Ercole III in 1803.
Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline
Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline (1555 – 16 June 1622) was a Scottish lawyer, judge and politician. He served as Lord President of the Court of Session from 1598 to 1604, Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1604 to 1622 and as a Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland.

Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland
The Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland was the monarch of Scotland's personal representative to the Parliament of Scotland. From the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of England in 1603, a Lord High Commissioner was appointed from among the senior nobility to represent the Scottish monarch in parliament when he or she was absent, as was usually the case up to 1707. The Act of Union 1707, which merged the Parliament of Scotland and the Parliament of England to create the Parliament of Great Britain, rendered the post redundant.

The Lord High Commissioner represented Crown authority and sat on the throne within the parliamentary chamber. The Commissioner gave royal assent to all acts of parliament by touching the final copy of each act with the sceptre. They were the custodian of the Crown's legislative agenda and were effectively the heads of government in Scotland during this period.
1934 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1934 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 6, 1934. Incumbent United States Senator Burton K. Wheeler, who was first elected to the Senate in 1922, and was re-elected in 1928, ran for re-election. After easily winning the Democratic primary, Wheeler moved on to the general election, where he faced George M. Bourquin, a former United States Federal Judge and the Republican nominee. In a stark contrast to his close campaign in 1928, Wheeler won re-election to his third Senate term in a landslide.

1928 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1928 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 6, 1928. Incumbent United States Senator Burton K. Wheeler, who was first elected to the Senate in 1922, ran for re-election. After defeating several challengers in the Democratic primary, Wheeler advanced to the general election, where he faced Republican nominee Joseph M. Dixon, the former Governor of Montana who had previously served in the United States Senate from 1907 to 1913. Though the election was closer than Wheeler's first election, he still managed to defeat Dixon to win his second term in the Senate.
Mount Boland
Mount Boland is a mountain over 1,065 m on the Kyiv Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is six nautical miles (11 km) east of Lumiere Peak on the east–west ridge between Bussey and Trooz Glaciers. It was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition of 1908–1910 under Charcot and named by him for a Monsieur Boland, a seaman and later a lieutenant on the Pourquoi-Pas, Charcot's ship.

Kyiv Peninsula
Kyiv Peninsula (Ukrainian: півострів Київ, IPA: [piˈwɔst⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iu̯ ˈkɪjiu̯]) is the predominantly ice-covered, oval shaped peninsula projecting 35 km in northwest direction from the west side of Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. It is bounded by Flandres Bay to the northeast and Beascochea Bay to the southwest, and separated from Wilhelm Archipelago to the northwest by Lemaire Channel and Penola Strait. The peninsula's north extremity Cape Renard divides Graham Coast to the southwest from Danco Coast to the northeast. Mount Tranchant and Mount Demaria are found on the west coast of the peninsula.
On the Scent (installation)
On the Scent was a theatrical form of olfactory art about the connection of smells and memory in a domestic setting which was devised and performed by Leslie Hill, Helen Paris and Lois Weaver.  It was first performed at the Fierce! festival in Birmingham and subsequently went on a global tour with over 500 performances.

Olfactory art
Olfactory art is an art form that uses scents as a medium. Olfactory art includes perfume as well as other applications of scent.

The art form has been a recognized genre since at least 1980. Marcel Duchamp was one of the first artists who pioneered with using scents in art.
Kazungu Kambi
Samuel Kazungu Kambi is a Kenyan politician born in Kwale county. He belongs to the Party of National Unity and was elected to represent the Kaloleni Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya at the 2007 Kenyan parliamentary election. On 23 May 2013 he was nominated by president Uhuru Kenyatta to cabinet to the ministry of Labour and Social Services awaiting approval from the National Assembly of Kenya after the vetting process. Kazungu holds a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Development Studies from The University of Eastern Africa Baraton.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
The Secret in the Old Attic
Children's literature portal

Novels portal

The Secret in the Old Attic is the twenty-first volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1944 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene.  The actual author was ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson.

Nancy Drew Mystery Stories
The Nancy Drew Mystery Stories is the long-running 'main' series of the Nancy Drew franchise, which was published under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. There are 175 novels and 34 revised stories that were published between 1930 and 2003 under the banner. Grosset & Dunlap published the first 56, and 34 revised stories, while Simon & Schuster published the series beginning with volume 57.

A spinoff, the Nancy Drew Files, ran concurrently from 1986 to 1997. In 2003, Simon & Schuster announced that Nancy Drew Mystery Stories would end and be replaced by a new, more contemporary series titled Nancy Drew: Girl Detective. Launched in 2004, the series ended in 2012. The Nancy Drew Diaries was launched in its place in 2013.
Grand Rapids Swing Bridge
The Grand Rapids Swing Bridge is a four span Pratt truss railroad swing bridge in Grand Rapids, Michigan.  It was built in 1902 for the Pere Marquette Railroad as a swing bridge to allow steamboats to pass up the Grand River, but this river traffic was discontinued in 1907.  The turntable is rusted shut and currently inoperable.  Originally it was built as a double track bridge, but one set of tracks has been removed.   The bridge itself is still in use, and carries an Amtrak train which runs from the Amtrak station just east of the bridge, as well as CSX freight trains.
In crossing the Grand River, it touches the south end of a small island.

Grand River (Michigan)
The Grand River (Ottawa: owashtanong, "Far-Flowing Water") is a 252-mile-long (406 km) river in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. The longest river in Michigan, the Grand River rises in Hillsdale County, and flows in a generally northwesterly direction to its mouth at Lake Michigan in the city of Grand Haven. The river flows through a number of cities, including Jackson, Lansing, Ionia, and Grand Rapids.

The river was famous for its mile-long, 300-yard-wide, and 10-to-15-foot-tall rapids, for which the city of Grand Rapids was named. These rapids were submerged following the construction of numerous dams, starting in 1835, and flooding of areas behind the dams. The river has not had any rapids for nearly a century.
Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Documentary
The Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Documentary is one of the annual Directors Guild of America Awards given by the Directors Guild of America. It was first awarded at the 44th Directors Guild of America Awards in 1992. The DGA Documentary Awards Committee is currently co-chaired by Yance Ford and Patrick Creadon.

Ari Folman's Waltz with Bashir remains the only animated film to ever won a DGA award.

44th Directors Guild of America Awards
The 44th Directors Guild of America Awards, honoring the outstanding directorial achievements in films, documentary and television in 1991, were presented on March 14, 1992 at the Beverly Hilton and the United Nations. The ceremony in Beverly Hills was hosted by Carl Reiner and the ceremony in New York was hosted by Mario Van Peebles. The feature film nominees were announced on January 28, 1992, commercial nominees were announced in February, and nominees in six television categories were announced on March 1, 1992.
Assago Milanofiori Nord (Milan Metro)
Milanofiori Nord is a station on Line 2 of the Milan Metro, in the southern suburb of Assago. The line here runs beside Autostrada A7. The station was opened on 20 February 2011 as part of an extension from Famagosta to Assago Milanofiori Forum.

Famagosta (Milan Metro)
Famagosta is a station on Line 2 of the Milan Metro. It is located on Viale Famagosta. The station was opened on 1 November 1994 as a one-station extension from Romolo.

South of the station, the line branches off, with trains continuing to either Piazza Abbiategrasso or Assago Milanofiori Forum.
Carol Gluck
Carol Gluck (born November 12, 1941) is an American academic and historian of Japan. She is the George Sansom Professor Emerita of History at Columbia University and served as the president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1996.

George Sansom
Sir George Bailey Sansom GBE KCMG (28 November 1883 – 8 March 1965) was a British diplomat and historian of pre-modern Japan, particularly noted for his historical surveys and his attention to Japanese society and culture.
Exact sequence
In mathematics, an exact sequence is a sequence of morphisms between objects (for example, groups, rings, modules, and, more generally, objects of an abelian category) such that the image of one morphism equals the kernel of the next.

Subobject
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a subobject is, roughly speaking, an object that sits inside another object in the same category.  The notion is a generalization of concepts such as subsets from set theory, subgroups from group theory, and subspaces from topology.  Since the detailed structure of objects is immaterial in category theory, the definition of subobject relies on a morphism that describes how one object sits inside another, rather than relying on the use of elements.

The dual concept to a subobject is a quotient object. This generalizes concepts such as quotient sets, quotient groups, quotient spaces, quotient graphs, etc.
1951 South Atlantic League season
The 1951 South Atlantic League was a Class A baseball season played between April 18 and September 2. Eight teams played a 140-game schedule, with the top four teams qualifying for the playoffs.

The Montgomery Rebels won the South Atlantic League championship, defeating the Jacksonville Tars in the final round of the playoffs.

Jacksonville Braves
30°19′33″N 81°38′23″W﻿ / ﻿30.3258°N 81.6398°W﻿ / 30.3258; -81.6398

The Jacksonville Braves were a minor league baseball team based in Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. The Class A affiliate of the Milwaukee Braves Major League Baseball team, they played in the South Atlantic League (the "Sally League") from 1953 to 1961. They played their home games at Durkee Field and then Wolfson Park.

The Braves were established in 1953 by Samuel W. Wolfson, replacing the Jacksonville Tars baseball club. They were a far more successful team than the Tars had been, winning the league championship in 1956 and making four other playoff appearances under manager Ben Geraghty. One of the first integrated professional baseball teams in the league and in Florida, the Braves fielded standout players such as Hank Aaron and Félix Mantilla. In 1961 an ownership deal changed the team's major league affiliation, and the Braves were replaced by the Jacksonville Jets for the 1961 season.