hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rail transport in Norway
The Norwegian railway system comprises 4,109 km of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (standard gauge) track of which 2,644 km is electrified and 274 km double track.  There are 697 tunnels and 2,760 bridges.

The Norwegian Railway Directorate manages the railway network in Norway on behalf of the Ministry of Transportation. Bane NOR is a state enterprise which builds and maintains all railway tracks, while other companies operate them. These companies include Vy and subsidiaries Vy Gjøvikbanen and CargoNet, Flytoget, Go-Ahead, SJ Norge, Green Cargo, Grenland Rail and Hector Rail.

Norway is a member of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The UIC Country Code for Norway is 76.

Norwegian Railway Directorate
The Norwegian Railway Directorate (Norwegian: 'Jernbanedirektoratet', abbr.: JBD or JBDIR) is a government agency holding the strategic responsibility for the Norwegian railway network. It is formed on the basis of the railway reform and became operational on 1 January 2017. The directorate shall develop the railway as "an integrated transport system". Their mandate is to create "an efficient, safe and environmentally friendly railway network benefiting passengers and operators".

The reform privatised freight and passenger services, but not the infrastructure. Bane NOR will plan, build and maintain the infrastructure commissioned by the directorate. The directorate will manage the tenders for passenger transport services by specifying timetables and selecting bidders.
Abu'l Fath of Sarmin
Abu’l Fath of Sarmin was a Nizari Ismaili missionary (da'i) and qadi from Sarmin, Seljuk Empire. He enlisted help from Ridwan and fellow Assassin Abu Tahir al-Sa'igh to assassinate Khalaf ibn Mula’ib in 1106, after which he became emir of the Assassin castle Qalaat al-Madiq in Apamea. He also enlisted Ridwan to counter the threat from Tancred. Tancred, with help from Khalaf’s son Musbih ibn Mula’ib, captured the town. Abu’l Fath, without allies among the neighboring emirs, negotiated the safe passage of the Muslims in the town. Nevertheless, he and three of his followers were put to death. Apamean nobles were then taken to Antioch to be ransomed by Ridwan.

Sarmin
Sarmin (Arabic: سَرْمِين, romanized: Sarmīn also spelled Sarmeen) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located 15 kilometers southeast of Idlib. It has an altitude of about 390 meters. Nearby localities include Binnish to the north, Talhiyah to the northeast, Afs to the east, Saraqib to the southeast, al-Nayrab to the south and Qminas to southwest. The Taftanaz Military Airbase is located 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) to the northeast.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Sarmin had a population of 14,530 in the 2004 census. It is the only locality in the Sarmin nahiyah ("subdistrict"). Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Rabindra Tirtha
Rabindra Tirtha Complex; Tagore Pilgrimage is a cultural center in Narkel Bagan, Action Area - I of New Town, Kolkata. It is dedicated to Rabindranath Tagore. It is a project developed by the HIDCO and houses an exhibition of Tagore’s paintings, archives, a research centre, an auditorium. and dormitories for students opting to conduct their research on Tagore. It was inaugurated by Mamata Banerjee, Chief Minister of West Bengal on 8 August 2012.

New Town, Kolkata
New Town (a.k.a. Rajarhat-New Town) is a planned Satellite city of Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is administered by NKDA (New Town Kolkata Development Authority). New Town is declared as a "Solar City" and "Smart Green City" by Government of India.

HIDCO plans developing infrastructure like - roads, drains, sewerage line, water supply lines, major embellishment works and executed constructions like - buildings, projects, parks, museum, subways, over-bridges in New Town. An information technology and residential hub is developed at New Town. New Town was enabled with 10.5 km of Wi-Fi Zone along the Major Arterial Road (part of Biswa Bangla Sarani) from Haldiram, near Kolkata Airport to Salt Lake Sector V, which also make it India's first Wi-Fi road connectivity. The stretch has already been declared as a green corridor.
German destroyer Z38
Z38 was a Type 1936A (Mob) destroyer built for the Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down in 1941, and completed two years later. Her anti-aircraft armament was modified heavily under Project Barbara. She served with the 4th Destroyer Flotilla her entire time under German service, and spent much of her life escorting task forces, patrolling, laying mines, and bombarding land forces. She served in the Baltic briefly in 1943, before being reassigned to the Arctic area around Norway from 1943 to 1945, and then serving in the Baltic again in 1945.

After the war, she was taken by the Royal Navy, renamed Nonsuch, the sixth ship of her name. She was used for extensive machinery trials, before being used to test a 500-kilogram (1,100 lb) charge, which broke her keel and flooded her. She was too damaged to refloat, and instead sold to Arnott Young & Co., on 8 November 1949, to be scrapped.

Type 1936A destroyer
The Type 1936A destroyers, also known as the Z23 class, were a group of fifteen destroyers built for the Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine from 1938 to 1943. They were known to the Allies as the Narvik class. In common with other German destroyers launched after the start of World War II, the Narviks were unnamed, known only by their hull numbers – Z23 to Z39.
Samui United F.C.
Samui United Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอล สมุย ยูไนเต็ด) is a Thai professional football club based in Ko Samui, Surat Thani. It was established in 2024 as the senior team of Samui United Academy, which was originally founded in 2010. The club competes in Thai League 3, the third tier of Thai football league system.

Surat Thani province
Surat Thani (Thai: สุราษฎร์ธานี, pronounced [sù.râːt tʰāː.nīː]), often shortened to Surat, is the largest province (changwat) of Southern Thailand. It lies on the western shore of the Gulf of Thailand. Surat Thani means 'city of good people', a title given to the city by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI); Surat Thani is therefore the sole province in Southern Thailand for which the native name is in the Central Thai language.
Mieum (food)
Mieum (Korean: 미음; Hanja: 米飮) is a thin, strained gruel made from white rice, white glutinous rice, foxtail millet, or glutinous foxtail millet. It is often used in liquid diets for patients and for recently weaned children. A thinner mieum, made from rice water or mixed with powdered milk, is sometimes used as a breast milk substitute for younger babies.

Gruel
Gruel is a food consisting of some type of cereal—such as ground oats, wheat, rye, or rice—heated or boiled in water or milk. It is a thinner version of porridge that may be more often drunk rather than eaten. Historically, gruel has been a staple of the Western diet, especially for peasants. Gruel may also be made from millet, hemp, barley, or, in hard times, from chestnut flour or even the less-bitter acorns of some oaks. Gruel has historically been associated with feeding the sick and recently weaned children.

Gruel is also a colloquial expression for any watery food of unknown character, e.g., pea soup. Gruel has often been associated with poverty, with negative associations attached to the term in popular culture, as in the Charles Dickens novels Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol.
1964 Macdonald Brier
The 1964 Macdonald Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held from March 4 to 8, 1964 at the Charlottetown Forum in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. A total of 13,573 fans attended the event, which was the smallest attended Brier since 1952. To date, this is the only time that PEI has hosted a Brier.

Team British Columbia, who was skipped by Lyall Dagg captured the Brier Tankard by finishing round robin play with a 9–1 record. This was the second time in which BC had won the Brier with their previous championship being in 1948.

Dagg and his rink would go onto represent Canada in the 1964 Scotch Cup, which they won.

1952 Macdonald Brier
The 1952 Macdonald Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held from March 3 to 8, 1952 at Winnipeg Amphitheatre in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Winnipeg became the first Canadian city outside of Toronto to host a Brier more than once. A total of 12,500 fans attended the event.

Team Manitoba, who was skipped by Billy Walsh became the second team to capture the Brier Tankard in their hometown as they finished round robin play unbeaten with a 10–0 record. This was the thirteenth time that Manitoba had won the Brier and the eighth time in which a team finished a Brier undefeated. This would also be the first of two Briers won by Walsh, with his other championship coming in 1956.

This was the fifth and most recent Brier in which there were no games that went to an extra end.
Plumber wrench
A plumber wrench (or plumber's wrench, pipe wrench, Swedish wrench or Swedish pattern wrench) is a form of plier described as a pipe wrench that uses compound leverage to grip and rotate plumbing pipes. Similar to the action of a Vise Grip plier, its jaw opening is adjusted to width by rotating a threaded ring.  Its advantage is that it grips with significant force without needing to engage a lock nut like an adjustable tongue-and-groove plier.  Like these, it can also be used on nuts, particularly hex shaped, and other flat engagement points. If used carelessly it can dent or break plumbing pipe.

Plumbing
Plumbing is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications. Plumbing uses pipes, valves, plumbing fixtures, tanks, and other apparatuses to convey fluids. Heating and cooling (HVAC), waste removal, and potable water delivery are among the most common uses for plumbing, but it is not limited to these applications.  The word derives from the Latin for lead, plumbum, as the first effective pipes used in the Roman era were lead pipes.

In the developed world, plumbing infrastructure is critical to public health and sanitation.

Boilermakers and pipefitters are not plumbers although they work with piping as part of their trade and their work can include some plumbing.
MV York
MV York is a tanker for transport of liquefied gas that after its 2010 capture by Somali pirates had become a mothership for pirate operations. The vessel was released on March 10, 2011, after an unknown amount of ransom had been paid.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia
Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding places and has a long troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. It was initially a threat to international fishing vessels during the early 2000s, only to rapidly escalate and expand to international shipping during the War in Somalia (2006–2009). The escalation of conflict between local Somali fishermen and foreign vessels occurred in a context where Somalia is estimated to lose approximately $300 million annually since 1991 due to the unauthorized extraction of marine resources using harmful methods, such as dynamite fishing, which is prohibited in a number of other regions.
Dorados de Chihuahua (basketball)
The Dorados de Chihuahua (Chihuahua Golden) is a Mexican professional basketball team based in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico playing in the East Division of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). Their home arena is the Gimnasio Manuel Bernardo Aguirre. The president is Anwar Elias Ortiz.

Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional
The National Professional Basketball League (Spanish: Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional or LNBP), officially known as the Liga Caliente LNBP for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional basketball league in Mexico. The league was founded in 2000 with 10 teams.

Notable basketball players who have played in the league include Jamario Moon, Dennis Rodman and Sun Mingming, among many others.
Menderes barbel
The Menderes barbel (Luciobarbus kottelati) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Luciobarbus from the Büyük Menderes River basin in Turkey.

The fish is named in honor of Swiss ichthyologist Maurice Kottelat (b. 1957), because of his contributions to the knowledge of European and Asian fishes.

Luciobarbus
Luciobarbus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Cyprinidae. Its members are found in fresh and brackish waters of southern Europe, northern Africa, the wider Near East, the Aral and Caspian Seas, and rivers associated with these. Several species in the genus are threatened. Most species are fairly small to medium-sized cyprinids, but the genus also includes several members that can surpass 1 m (3.3 ft) in length and the largest, the mangar (L. esocinus)  can reach 2.3 m (7.5 ft).
Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues
Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ bʁyno də ɡiɡ]), often shortened to Guigues, is a municipality in northwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Témiscamingue Regional County Municipality.

In addition to the main namesake population centre, the municipality also includes the hamlet of Pointe-Piché, located on the shores of Lake Timiskaming.

Témiscamingue Regional County Municipality
Témiscamingue (French pronunciation: [temiskamɛ̃ɡ]) is a regional county municipality in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of western Quebec, Canada. The county seat is Ville-Marie.

Though Témiscamingue borders Pontiac Regional County Municipality to the south, it is not practical to travel between the two within Quebec without taking a major detour north towards Quebec Route 117.  The shorter route is to cross into Ontario at Notre-Dame-du-Nord or Témiscaming and travel south on Highway 11, then east on Highway 17, before crossing back at L'Isle-aux-Allumettes.
Djama Robleh
Djama Robleh (Somali: Jaamac Rooble) (born December 31, 1958) is a retired Djiboutian long-distance runner who specialized in the marathon race.

He won the silver medal in this event at the 1982 African Championships and finished eighth in the marathon at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Additionally, he placed 47th at the 1983 World Championships, took third in the 1985 World Marathon Cup (in which his team finished first), and entered the 1987 World Championships without finishing the race.

His personal best time came as he trailed Steve Jones to a second-place finish in the 1985 Chicago Marathon. Robleh's time was 2:08:08, a winning time for most year, but Jones ran a near-world record at the race, clocking a 2:07:17.

The current Djiboutian record is held by Ahmed Salah with 2:07:07 hours.

Steve Jones (runner)
Stephen Henry Jones MBE (born 4 August 1955) is a Welsh former athlete who set the world record in the marathon in his first completed race at that distance at the Chicago Marathon in 1984, with a time of 2:08:05.
Meckenheim, Rhineland-Palatinate
Meckenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈmɛkn̩haɪm] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Palatinate (region)
The Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ; Palatine German: Palz), or the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a historical region of Germany. The Palatinate occupies most of the southern quarter of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km2) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as Palatines (Pfälzer).
Sir John St Aubyn, 1st Baronet
Sir John St Aubyn, 1st Baronet (1645 – June 1687) was an English politician.

St Aubyn was the eldest son of the Parliamentarian colonel, John St Aubyn, and Catherine Godolphin, daughter of Francis Godolphin. He was educated at Exeter College, Oxford.

On 11 December 1671, St Aubyn was created a baronet, of Clowance in the Baronetage of England, likely owing to the influence of his wife's brother-in-law, Sir Nicholas Slanning, 1st Baronet. St Aubyn held various local offices in Cornwall, including as a commissioner for assessment (1673–80), commissioner for recusants (1675), and justice of the peace. He was elected as a Member of Parliament for Mitchell at both elections in 1679. He voted against the first Exclusion Bill and was not appointed to any committees in parliament. He died in June 1687 and was succeeded in his title by his eldest son, John St Aubyn.

Sir Nicholas Slanning, 1st Baronet
Sir Nicholas Slanning, 1st Baronet FRS (June 1643 – April 1691) of Maristow in the parish of Tamerton Foliot, Devon, was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1667 and 1689.
Frédéric Reiss
Frédéric Reiss (French pronunciation: [fʁedeʁik ʁais]; born 12 November 1949) is a French teacher and politician of the Republicans who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly of France since the 2002 elections, representing the Bas-Rhin department. On the local level, he is the mayor of Niederbronn-les-Bains, Bas-Rhin.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
M'zab
The M'zab, or Mzab (Mozabite: Aghlan, Arabic: مزاب, romanized: Mzāb), is a natural region of the northern Sahara Desert in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria.  It is located 600 km (370 mi) south of Algiers and has approximately 360,000 inhabitants (2005 estimate).

Ksar
Ksar or qṣar (Arabic: قصر, romanized: qṣar), in plural ksour or qsour (Arabic: قصور, romanized: qṣur), is a type of fortified village in North Africa, usually found in the regions predominantly or traditionally inhabited by Berbers (Amazigh). The equivalent Berber term used is ighrem (singular) or igherman (plural).
Sunakothi
Sunaguthi is a small town located about 4 km (2.5 mi) south of the main Lalitpur city in Lalitpur District. According to the 2011 Nepal census, Sunaguthi has a population of 10,092 living in 2,397 individual households. Most of the people living in Sunaguthi are Newar. The offshoot road near the Satdobato segment of the Ring Road leads to Sunaguthi. This road ultimately leads to Lele and is referred to as Laxmi Prasad Devkota Marga (Satdobato - Tika Bahirab).Thecho is situated on the southern part of Sunaguthi, Bungamati and Bhaisipati on west, Dhapakhel on east and Khumaltar and Nakhipot on North. The famous jatras of sunaguthi are yomari punhi,  gathamuga,bhimsen jatra, chakha jatra, pekha jatra, etc.

Lele, Nepal
Lele is a village development committee in Lalitpur District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6928 living in 1245 individual households, but the population has increased greatly since then.

Lele is 14 km (1 hour by bus and about 30 minutes by bike) from Lagankhel, Patan, the main city of Lalitpur. It is located in a small valley within the Kathmandu Valley. The river is the main source for irrigation for the farmland.

Lele is a gateway to southern villages of Lalitpur including Bhardeu, Nallu, Chaughare and Gotikhel, and a centre of tourism.

Lele was an important site under the ancient Licchavi dynasty; stone pillars dating to that era can be found there.
Regions of Eswatini
Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) is divided into four regions: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, and Shiselweni.  Each region is further divided into tinkhundla. There are 55 tinkhundla in Eswatini and each elects one representative to the House of Assembly of Eswatini. Tinkhundla are, in turn, divided into smaller imiphakatsi.

Umphakatsi
In Eswatini, an umphakatsi (Swazi: [um̩pʰakʼatsʼi]; plural imiphakatsi) is an administrative subdivision smaller than an inkhundla; there are 385 imiphakatsi in the country, each approximately equivalent to a local community. In western societies it could be also equivalent to a township. Imiphakatsi are either royal villages with a royal kraal or chief residences which are administered under a Swazi chief or a royal prince through Swazi law and custom. The official residence of the Ndlovukati at Ludzidzini is also designated an umphakatsi.
Gregor Werner
Gregor Joseph Werner (28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian composer of the Baroque period, best known as the predecessor of Joseph Haydn as the Kapellmeister of the Hungarian Esterházy family. Few of Werner's works survive to the present day, and he is mostly remembered for his troubled relationship with Haydn.

Schloss Esterházy
Schloss Esterházy (Hungarian: Esterházy-kastély) is a palace in Eisenstadt, Austria, the capital of the Burgenland state. It was constructed in the late 13th century, and came under ownership of the Hungarian Esterházy family in 1622. Under Paul I, 1st Prince Esterházy of Galántha the estate was converted into a baroque castle which remained the principal residence and center of administration of the family for over 300 years. The famous composer Joseph Haydn worked here for most of his life.
13th Screen Awards
The 13th Screen Awards also The Hero Honda 13th Annual Star Screen Awards ceremony, presented by Indian Express Group, honored the best Indian Hindi-language films of 2006. The ceremony was held on 6 January 2007 at Bandra Kurla Complex Ground, Mumbai, hosted by Raju Srivastav and Navin Prabhakar. And it was telecasted on 14 January 2007, StarPlus.

Omkara and Rang De Basanti led the ceremony with 18 nominations each, followed by Gangster and Lage Raho Munnabhai with 10 nominations each and Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna with 8 nominations.

Rang De Basanti won 8 awards, including Best Director (for Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra) and Best Supporting Actress (for Kirron Kher), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Screen Award for Best Director
The Screen Award for Best Director is chosen by a distinguished panel of judges from the Indian "Bollywood" film industry and the winners are announced in January. Frequent winners include Sanjay Leela Bhansali (3), Rakesh Roshan and Ashutosh Gowariker (2)
Luciano Spalletti
Luciano Spalletti (Italian pronunciation: [luˈtʃaːno spalˈletti]; born 7 March 1959) is an Italian football manager and former player who is the manager of Juventus. He started his managerial career with Empoli in 1993 before coaching clubs in Italy, including two spells with Roma, where he won two consecutive Coppa Italia titles. Spalletti managed Zenit St. Petersburg from 2009 to 2014, winning two Russian Premier League titles.

Following two seasons in charge at Inter Milan, Spalletti was appointed manager of Napoli in 2021, where he won the Serie A in the 2022–23 season before leaving the club in June 2023. In August 2023, he was appointed as coach of the Italy national team and led the team to qualify for UEFA Euro 2024, where they were eliminated in the round of 16. He was sacked as Italy coach in June 2025. In October of that year, he returned to club management as head coach of Juventus.

2005–06 Serie A
The 2005–06 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 104th season of top-tier Italian football, the 74th in a round-robin tournament. The league commenced on 28 August 2005 and finished on 14 May 2006. While Juventus were originally the first-placed team, this title was put sub judice due to their involvement in the Calciopoli scandal, with Inter Milan instead declared champions by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) on 26 July 2006, thus winning the title for the first time in 17 years.