hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meyniel graph
In graph theory, a Meyniel graph is a graph in which every odd cycle of length five or more has at least two chords (edges connecting non-consecutive vertices of the cycle). The chords may be uncrossed (as shown in the figure) or they may cross each other, as long as there are at least two of them.

The Meyniel graphs are named after Henri Meyniel (also known for Meyniel's conjecture), who proved that they are perfect graphs in 1976, long before the proof of the strong perfect graph theorem completely characterized the perfect graphs.
The same result was independently discovered by Markosjan & Karapetjan (1976).

Strong perfect graph theorem
In graph theory, the strong perfect graph theorem is a forbidden graph characterization of the perfect graphs as being exactly the graphs that have neither odd holes (odd-length induced cycles of length at least 5) nor odd antiholes (complements of odd holes). It was conjectured by Claude Berge in 1961. A proof by Maria Chudnovsky, Neil Robertson, Paul Seymour, and Robin Thomas was announced in 2002 and published by them in 2006.

The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem won for its authors a $10,000 prize offered by Gérard Cornuéjols of Carnegie Mellon University and the 2009 Fulkerson Prize.
Henrique II of Kongo
Henrique II was ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo in 1794 – 1803.

His rule came after the end of a period of conflict in the kingdom after the death of Afonso V, who was said to have been poisoned. Henrique was able to take the throne as a compromise between the various powerful factions which had been brokered by the Água Rosada house, the descendants of Pedro IV, who had familial ties to branches of both Kinlaza and Kimpanzu houses. Under this peace, Henrique was able to rebuild the nation, and eventually passed the throne on to Garcia V, a member of the Água Rosada house.

Kimpanzu
The Kimpanzu were members of the Mpanzu kanda also known as the House of Kimpanzu, one of the lineages from which the kings of Kongo were chosen during the 17th century and following Kongo's reunification under Pedro IV. They are remembered in tradition and are evoked in a proverb, still current in the 1920s Nkutama a mvila za makanda "Kinlaza, Kimpanzu ye Kinlaza makukwa matatu malambila Kongo" (Kinkanga, Kimpanzu and Kinlaza are the three stones on which Kongo cooked).
2016 Central American Championships in Athletics
The 27th Central American Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio Jorge "Mágico" González in San Salvador, El Salvador, between 17 and 19 June 2016.

A total of 44 events were contested, 22 by men, 22 by women.

Central American Championships in Athletics
The Central American Championships in Athletics (Campeonatos Centroamericanos Mayores) is an athletics event organized by the Confederación Atlética del Istmo Centroamericano CADICA (Central American Isthmus Athletic Confederation) open for athletes from member associations.
Backend as a service
Backend as a service (BaaS), sometimes also referred to as mobile backend as a service (MBaaS), is a service for providing web app and mobile app developers with a way to easily build a backend to their frontend applications. Features available include user management, push notifications, and integration with social networking services. These services are provided via the use of custom software development kits (SDKs) and application programming interfaces (APIs). BaaS is a relatively recent development in cloud computing, with most BaaS startups dating from 2011 or later. Some of the most popular service providers are AWS Amplify and Firebase.

Push technology
Push technology, also known as server push, is a communication method where the communication is initiated by a server rather than a client. This approach is different from the "pull" method where the communication is initiated by a client.

In push technology, clients can express their preferences for certain types of information or data, typically through a process known as the publish–subscribe model. In this model, a client "subscribes" to specific information channels hosted by a server. When new content becomes available on these channels, the server automatically sends, or "pushes," this information to the subscribed client.

Under certain conditions, such as restrictive security policies that block incoming HTTP requests, push technology is sometimes simulated using a technique called polling. In these cases, the client periodically checks with the server to see if new information is available, rather than receiving automatic updates.
Yuraqqucha (Lima-Junín)
Yuraqqucha (Quechua yuraq white, qucha lake, "white lake", Hispanicized spelling Yuraccocha) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,100 metres (16,732 ft) high. It is located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Morococha District, and in the Lima Region, Huarochirí Province, Chicla District. Yuraqqucha lies northwest of a lake named Waqraqucha, the Antikuna mountain pass and the peak of Antikuna. Anta Q'asa, Sillaqaqa, Inka Kancha and Pukaqucha are situated west, southwest and northwest of Yuraqqucha.

The mountain is named after a little lake south of it. It lies in the Chicla District at 11°35′3″S 76°12′49″W﻿ / ﻿11.58417°S 76.21361°W﻿ / -11.58417; -76.21361.

Huacracocha (Morococha)
Huacracocha (possibly from Quechua waqra horn, qucha lake, lagoon, "horn lake") is a lake in Peru located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Morococha District. It lies southeast of the mountain Anticona and south of the mountain Yanashinga, near the Ticlio (Anticona) mountain pass.
Golnik
Golnik (pronounced [ɡɔlˈniːk] or [ɡɔu̯ˈniːk]; German: Gallenfels) is a village in the Municipality of Kranj in the Upper Carniolan region of Slovenia.

Since 1921, it has been best known for its hospital for diagnosis and treatment of patients with pulmonary and allergic diseases, now known as the Golnik University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases. Its location, good humidity conditions, and high number of sunny days per year have contributed to it becoming a leading health care centre in the region. A 16th-century castle is part of the hospital complex and it is surrounded by a park designed by the architect Ivan Vurnik.

Kranj
Kranj (pronounced [ˈkɾàːn] ⓘ, German: Krainburg) is the fourth-largest city in Slovenia and the largest urban center of the traditional region of Upper Carniola (northwestern Slovenia) and the Slovene Alps. It is located approximately 20 kilometres (12 miles) northwest of the national capital Ljubljana, acting as the seat of the City Municipality of Kranj.
Valerie Henitiuk
Valerie Henitiuk (born 1963 in Manning, Alberta) is a scholar researching aspects of the intersection of translation studies, world literature, Inuit literature, Japanese literature, and women's writing. She is a Canadian citizen, recently retired as Vice-president Academic & Provost at Concordia University of Edmonton. Henitiuk has been a visiting scholar at both Harvard and Columbia Universities in the US and at Kokugakuin University in Japan. She was previously executive director of the Centre for the Advancement of Faculty Excellence and Professor of English at Grant MacEwan University in Edmonton, Alberta, on the faculty of the University of East Anglia (UK) and Director of the British Centre for Literary Translation (BCLT).

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC; French: Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada, CRSH; often colloquially pronounced 'shirk', /ʃɜːrk/) is a Canadian federal research-funding agency that promotes and supports post-secondary research and training in the humanities and social sciences.

In 2019-2020, SSHRC funded 24,000 researchers and 5000 research trainees in 51 programs. Staff numbers were reported as 333 in the same period. Ted Hewitt is the current President. SSHRC's provided CA$684 million for funding and $453 million institutional support for the fiscal year 2023-2024 and the number of employees (FTE) was 258.

Along with the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), SSHRC forms the major source of federal government funding to post-secondary research. They are collectively referred to as the "Tri-Council" or "Tri-Agency.
Holistophallidae
Holistophallidae is a family of millipedes belonging to the order Polydesmida.

Genera:

Duoporus Cook, 1901

Elcarmenia Kraus, 1954

Holistophallus Silvestri, 1909

Pammicrophallus Pocock, 1909

Synthodesmus Chamberlin, 1922

Tunodesmus Chamberlin, 1922

Zeuctodesmus Pocock, 1909

Polydesmida
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. Millipedes in this order are found in all regions of the world other than Antarctica.
Srebotje
Srebotje (pronounced [sɾɛˈboːtjɛ], German: Lillachberg) is a small settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) south of Selnica ob Muri in the Municipality of Šentilj in northeastern Slovenia.

Selnica ob Muri
Selnica ob Muri (pronounced [ˈséːwnitsa ɔp ˈmuːɾi]) is a settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice), east of Šentilj v Slovenskih Goricah in the Municipality of Šentilj in northeastern Slovenia.
...Prefering Human Skin Over Animal Fur...
...Prefering [sic] Human Skin Over Animal Fur... is an EP by Gnaw Their Tongues, released in July 2007 by Epicene Sound Replica. The album would appear in its entirety on the compilation Collected Atrocities 2005–2008, released in 2015.

Collected Atrocities 2005–2008
Collected Atrocities 2005–2008 is a compilation album by Gnaw Their Tongues, released on February 3, 2015, by Crucial Blast. The album comprises three EPs that had previously been issued on CD with several compilation and unreleased tracks.
Estádio João Serra
Estádio João Serra is a multi-use stadium in Santo Antão, Cape Verde.  Its location is south of the urban area. It is near the foot of the island's northern mountains and is nearby a newly built urban area. The stadium is operated by the Santo Antão North Regional Football Association (ARFSAN) and has its offices there. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Solpontense as well as Irmãos Unidos, other football clubs from the north of the island (members of the Santo Antão North Regional Football Association (ARFSAN or ARFNSA)) not based in the town play at the stadium including Paulense from Paul and Sinagoga located between Ribeira Grande and Paul and other parts of the two northern municipalities. The stadium holds 2,000 people.   It is named for João Serra, its size is 100x65 m and its grass is artificial.

Geographically it is the northernmost sports venue in Cape Verde and one of the westernmost in the whole of Africa.

Santo Antão North Regional Football Association
Santo Antão North Regional Football Association (Portuguese: Associação Regional de Futebol de Santo Antão Norte, abbreviation: ARFNSA, not commonly as Associação Regional de Futebol de Zona Norte do Santo Antão, abbreviation: ARFZNSA) is a football (soccer) association covering the north of the island of Santo Antão.  It is headquartered in the city of Ponta do Sol.   The association covers the municipalities of Ribeira Grande and Paul. It is the sublevel of both the Santo Antão Football Association, reestablished in 2015 and the Capeverdean Football Federation.

The league is several that have a premier and a second division, six clubs participate in the premier and five clubs participate in the second division, a club with the most points promotes into the regional premier division the following season while the last placed club from the regional premier division relegates into the second division the following season.
Spring Roo
Spring Roo is an open-source software tool that uses convention-over-configuration principles to provide rapid application development of Java-based enterprise software.

The project has been deprecated and active development has ended.

Mixin
In object-oriented programming languages, a mixin (or mix-in) is a class that contains methods for use by other classes without having to be the parent class of those other classes. How those other classes gain access to the mixin's methods depends on the language. Mixins are sometimes described as being "included" rather than "inherited".

Mixins encourage code reuse and can be used to avoid the inheritance ambiguity that multiple inheritance can cause (the "diamond problem"), or to work around lack of support for multiple inheritance in a language.  A mixin can also be viewed as an interface with implemented methods. This pattern is an example of enforcing the dependency inversion principle.
Romper Room
Romper Room is an American children's television series that was franchised and syndicated from 1953 to 1994. The program targeted preschoolers (children five years of age or younger), and was created and produced by Bert Claster and his presenter wife, Nancy Claster, of Claster Television. Sally Claster Bell Gelbard, their daughter, later trained hostesses. The national version was presented by Nancy Terrell and filmed in Baltimore from its inception in 1953.

KTVU
KTVU (channel 2) is a television station licensed to Oakland, California, United States, serving the San Francisco Bay Area. It is owned and operated by the Fox network through its Fox Television Stations division alongside San Jose–licensed KICU-TV (channel 36). The two stations share studios at Jack London Square in Oakland; KTVU's transmitter is located at Sutro Tower in San Francisco.
Diving at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Men's synchronized 3 metre springboard
The men's synchronized 3 metre springboard competition of the diving events at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships was held on July 19 with the preliminary round held in the morning and the final in the evening session.

Diving at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships
The diving competition at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships was held between July 16–24, 2011 at the Shanghai Oriental Sports Center in Shanghai, China. Chinese divers dominated, winning all 10 gold medals.
Valpak
Valpak Direct Marketing Systems, LLC, commonly known as Valpak, is a North American direct marketing company owned by AmatoMartin. Valpak provides print, mobile and online advertising, customer data and coupons. Valpak mails coupons to 41 million demographically targeted households each month and millions more consumers through its advertising postcards and website every year.

Direct marketing
Direct marketing is a form of communicating an offer, where organizations communicate directly to a pre-selected customer and supply a method for a direct response. Among practitioners, it is also known as direct response marketing. In contrast to direct marketing, advertising is more of a mass-message nature.
Response channels include toll-free telephone numbers, reply cards, reply forms to be sent in an envelope, websites and email addresses.

The prevalence of direct marketing and the unwelcome nature of some communications has led to regulations and laws such as the CAN-SPAM Act, requiring that consumers in the United States be allowed to opt-out.
Fallasburg Bridge
Fallasburg Bridge (alternatively Fallassburgh Bridge) is a 100-foot (30 m) span Brown truss covered bridge, erected in 1871 in Vergennes Township, Michigan, United States, 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Lowell on the Flat River. Carrying Covered Bridge Road across the Flat, it is located in the Fallasburg Historical District south of Whites Bridge and Smyrna. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and along with Whites Bridge, Langley Covered Bridge, and Zehnder's Holz Brucke, is one of only four Michigan covered bridges open to vehicle traffic.

Langley Covered Bridge
Langley Covered Bridge is the longest remaining wooden covered bridge in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located in Lockport Township, three miles north of Centreville, the seat of St. Joseph County. The road to get to the bridge borders on the east line of Lockport and Nottawa townships. The bridge crosses the St. Joseph River. The current bridge and causeway opened in 1887. The bridge and causeway make up Covered Bridge Road.
Qualcomm MSM Interface
The Qualcomm MSM Interface is a proprietary interface for interacting with Qualcomm baseband processors and is a replacement for the legacy cellular extensions of the Hayes command set. With mobile chipsets, communication between the application processor and the baseband processor happens through shared memory. On PCs with data cards, QMI is exposed through USB.

Qualcomm
Qualcomm Incorporated (/ˈkwɒlkɒm/) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, and incorporated in Delaware. It creates semiconductors, software and services related to wireless technology. It owns patents critical to the 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA mobile communications standards.

Qualcomm was established in 1985 by Irwin Jacobs and six others. Its early research into code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless cell phone technology was funded by selling a two-way mobile digital satellite communications system known as Omnitracs. After a heated debate in the wireless industry, CDMA was adopted as a 2G standard in North America, with Qualcomm's patents incorporated. Afterwards, there was a series of legal disputes about pricing for licensing patents required by the standard.

Over the years, Qualcomm has expanded into selling semiconductor products in a predominantly fabless manufacturing model.
Goodloe Harper Bell
Goodloe Harper Bell (April 7, 1832 – January 17, 1899), born to David and Lucy Bell, was the first teacher at the first Seventh-day Adventist school and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist school system. This first school was located on the first floor of the old Review and Herald building in Battle Creek, Michigan. Bell and his family lived on the second floor.

An original portrait of G. H. Bell resides at the Andrews University Museum. It was donated by Dr. Lavan C. and Junette Mapes.

Some of his early students include Edson and Willie White, sons of James and Ellen G. White. Ellen White was a great supporter and influence to G. H. Bell. Others included in the roster of his early students are two notable brothers, William K. Kellogg and John Harvey Kellogg.

Seventh-day Adventist education
The Seventh-day Adventist educational system, part of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, is overseen by the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists located in Silver Spring, Maryland. It is considered as the largest Protestant educational system and second largest Christian educational system in the world. The educational system is a Christian school–based system.

In 2023, the Seventh-day Adventist Church has associations with a total of 9,845 educational institutions operating in over 100 countries around the world with over 2,177,933 million students worldwide.

The denominationally-based school system began in the 1870s.
BurnieBoard
BurnieBoard was an Australian brand of hardboard manufactured by Burnie Board and Timber in Burnie, Tasmania. A subsidiary of the Associated Pulp and Paper Mills (APPM), it formed part of the company's integrated timber, pulp and paper operations. Produced from the early 1950s to the 1970s, BurnieBoard was marketed nationally and exported, primarily to New Zealand and the United States, for use in construction, furniture, and manufacturing.

The company would eventually combine with its mainland competitors, Masonite and Timbrock, becoming CSR Wood Panels in 1967, and from 1999 operated under the name Australian Hardboards Limited until its closure in December 2010.

Wood industry
The wood industry or timber industry (sometimes lumber industry – when referring mainly to sawed boards) is the industry concerned with forestry, logging, timber trade, and the production of primary forest products and wood products (e.g. furniture) and secondary products like wood pulp for the pulp and paper industry. Some of the largest producers are also among the biggest owners of forest. The wood industry has historically been and continues to be an important sector in many economies.
Dan Donovan (politician)
Daniel Michael Donovan Jr. (born November 6, 1956) is an American attorney, former prosecutor and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the U.S. representative for New York's 11th congressional district from 2015 to 2019. Donovan served as District Attorney of Richmond County from 2004 to 2015. He was first elected to Congress in a special election following the resignation of Michael Grimm. The district includes all of Staten Island, as well as portions of southwest Brooklyn. Donovan was defeated for reelection in 2018 by Democrat Max Rose.

District Attorney of Richmond County
The Richmond County District Attorney is the elected district attorney for Richmond County, coterminous with the Borough of Staten Island, in New York City. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws, as violations of federal law in Richmond County are prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York. The current District Attorney is Michael McMahon.
2009 CONCACAF U-20 Championship qualifying
The 2009 CONCACAF U-20 Championship qualifying tournament determined the Caribbean and Central American Under-20 association football national teams that would participate in the 2009 CONCACAF U-20 Championship, which itself will qualify national teams to the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Qualification began on 14 May 2008. The final round of qualification was a one-game playoff on 2 March 2009, between the runner-up from the Caribbean zone, St Vincent and the Grenadines, and the 3rd-place finisher from the Central American zone, Honduras. The three North American zone nations, Canada, Mexico, and the United States, as well as tournament hosts Trinidad and Tobago, were automatically entered into the final tournament without need for qualification.

2009 CONCACAF U-20 Championship
The 2009 CONCACAF U-20 Championship was the biannual CONCACAF youth championship tournament for under-20 national teams. The 2009 edition was held in Trinidad and Tobago. All matches were played at Dwight Yorke Stadium in Bacolet, Tobago and Marvin Lee Stadium in Macoya, Trinidad. The CONCACAF U-20 Championship traditionally serves as the CONCACAF qualifier for the FIFA U-20 World Cup, and under the 2009 tournament format the four semifinalists qualified for the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup, which was hosted by Egypt from 25 September to 16 October 2009.
Joel Krosnick
Joel Krosnick (3 April 1941 – 15 April 2025) was an American cellist who performed as a soloist, recitalist, and chamber musician throughout the world for over 40 years. As a member of the Juilliard String Quartet from 1974 to 2016, he performed the great quartet literature throughout North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia.

Richard Wernick
Richard Frank Wernick (January 16, 1934 – April 25, 2025) was an American composer. He is best known for his chamber and vocal works. His composition Visions of Terror and Wonder won the 1977 Pulitzer Prize for Music.
2024–25 UC Santa Barbara Gauchos women's basketball team
The 2024–25 UC Santa Barbara Gauchos women's basketball team represented the University of California, Santa Barbara during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Gauchos, led by first-year head coach Renee Jimenez, played their home games at The Thunderdome in Santa Barbara, California as members of the Big West Conference.

Renee Jimenez
Renee Yvonne Jimenez (born December 22, 1981) is an American college basketball coach who is currently the head coach of the UC Santa Barbara Gauchos women's basketball team. She previously served as a head coach at the NCAA Division II level with Cal State Monterey Bay, Cal State San Bernardino, and Cal State San Marcos.