hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sweet roll
A sweet roll or sweet bun refers to any of a number of sweet, baked, yeast-leavened breakfast or dessert foods. They may contain spices, nuts, candied fruits, poppy seeds, etc., and are often glazed or topped with icing. Compared to regular bread dough, sweet roll dough generally has higher levels of sugar, fat, eggs, and yeast. They are often round, and are small enough to comprise a single serving. These differ from pastries, which are made from a paste-like batter; from cakes, which are typically unleavened or chemically leavened; and from doughnuts, which are deep fried.

Refrigerated ready-to-bake sweet roll dough is commercially available in grocery stores.

Sweet rolls are sometimes iced and/or contain a sweet filling. In some traditions, other types of fillings and decoration are used, such as cinnamon, marzipan, or candied fruit.

Bun
A bun is a type of bread that is round and small enough that it can generally be eaten hand-held. Whether a bun is considered sweetened or unsweetened differs between countries: it is considered sweetened in England, Scotland and Wales, a savory bread in Northern Ireland, and either a sweet bread or a savory bread roll in the United States.
Pottuvil Electoral District
Pottuvil electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Pottuvil in Ampara District, Eastern Province. The district was a two-member constituency between July 1977 and February 1989. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Pottuvil electoral district was replaced by the Ampara (Amparai) multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Pottuvil continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Aulopus
Aulopus is a genus of flagfins native to the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Although Aulopus is native to both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans, for the first time in 2010 Aulopus filamentosus (the royal flagfin), was spotted in Brazilian waters. A discovery like this may suggest that these fish can be found in new environments.

Aulopidae
The Aulopidae are a small family of aulopiform ray-finned fish. They are found in most tropical and subtropical oceans, such as the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Pacific.  The aulopids are commonly known as flagfins.

The aulopids resemble lizardfishes in appearance, and range up to 60 cm (24 in) in length. They have large dorsal fins, the first ray of which is greatly extended. They are bottom-dwelling fish, living at depths of 1,000 m (3,300 ft).

The earliest known member of the group is Nematonotus from the Cenomanian of Lebanon.
David Philipp (biologist)
David P. Philipp is an American-born biologist known for his work on conservation genetics, reproductive ecology, and the effects of angling on fish populations. He is a conservation geneticist and Director of the Fisheries Genetics Lab at the Illinois Natural History Survey, an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois, and the Chair of the Fisheries Conservation Foundation.  Philipp has supervised a number of graduate students including Steven J. Cooke, Cory Suski, Derek Aday, Jeff Koppelman, Jana Svec, Jimmy Ludden, Dale Burkett, Sascha Danylchuk and Jeff Stein.

Conservation genetics
Conservation genetics is an interdisciplinary subfield of population genetics that aims to understand the dynamics of genes in a population for the purpose of natural resource management, conservation of genetic diversity, and the prevention of species extinction. Scientists involved in conservation genetics come from a variety of fields, including population genetics, research in natural resource management, molecular ecology, molecular biology, evolutionary biology, and systematics. The genetic diversity within species is one of the three fundamental components of biodiversity (along with species diversity and ecosystem diversity), so it is an important consideration in the wider field of conservation biology.
Fermat Prize
The Fermat Prize of mathematical research biennially rewards research works in fields where the contributions of Pierre de Fermat have been decisive:

Statements of variational principles

Foundations of probability and analytic geometry

Number theory.

The spirit of the prize is focused on rewarding the results of research accessible to the greatest number of professional mathematicians within these fields. The Fermat prize was created in 1989 and is awarded once every two years in Toulouse by the Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse. The amount of the Fermat prize has been fixed at 20,000 Euros for the twelfth edition (2011).

Variational principle
A variational principle is a mathematical procedure that renders a physical problem solvable by the calculus of variations, which concerns finding functions that optimize the values of quantities that depend on those functions. For example, the problem of determining the shape of a hanging chain suspended at both ends—a catenary—can be solved using variational calculus, and in this case, the variational principle is the following: The solution is a function that minimizes the gravitational potential energy of the chain.
Nu Canis Majoris
The Bayer designation Nu Canis Majoris (ν CMa / ν Canis Majoris) is shared by three star systems, in the constellation Canis Major:

ν1 Canis Majoris

ν2 Canis Majoris

ν3 Canis Majoris

They are separated by the different asterism in Chinese astronomy. ν1 Canis Majoris was not any member of asterism. ν2 Canis Majoris was stand alone in asterism 野雞 (Yě Jī), Wild Cockerel. ν3 Canis Majoris was member of asterism 軍市 (Jūn Shì), Market for Soldiers. Both of asterisms were lied in Well mansion.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Visakhapatnam North Assembly constituency
Visakhapatnam North is a constituency in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency.

Penmetsa Vishnu Kumar Raju is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Bharatiya Janata Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 280,151 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008).

Visakhapatnam district
Visakhapatnam district  is one of the six districts in the Uttarandhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, headquartered at Visakhapatnam.: 14  It is one of the twenty-six districts in Andhra Pradesh state. The district shares borders with Vizianagaram district in North and South-East and with Anakapalli district in the  south-west and Bay of Bengal in the south respectively.: 15
Flat Island Wildlife Sanctuary
Flat Island is an island of the Andaman Islands.  It belongs to the North and Middle Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
the island is lying 150 km (93 mi) north from Port Blair.

North and Middle Andaman district
North and Middle Andaman district is one of the 3 districts of the Indian Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands located in the Bay of Bengal. Mayabunder town is the district headquarters. The area covered by this district is 3251.85 km2.
Kappel, Rhineland-Palatinate
Kappel (German pronunciation: [ˈkapl̩]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kirchberg, whose seat is in the like-named town.

County of Sponheim
The County of Sponheim (German: Grafschaft Sponheim, former spelling: Spanheim, Spanheym) was an independent territory in the Holy Roman Empire that lasted from the 11th century until the early 19th century. The name comes from the municipality of Sponheim, where the counts had their original residence.
Flora family
The Flora family (adj. Florian; FIN: 402; also known as the Ariadne family) is a prominent family of stony asteroids located in the inner region of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest families with more than 13,000 known members, or approximately 3.5% of all main-belt asteroids.

The origin and properties of this family are relatively poorly understood. It is a very broad family which gradually fades into the surrounding background population. While the largest members, 8 Flora and 43 Ariadne, are located near the edge, there are several distinct groupings within the family, possibly created by later, secondary collisions. Due to this complex internal structure and the poorly defined boundaries, the Flora family has also been described as an asteroid clan. Only a few interlopers have been identified. This family may be the source of the impactor that formed the Chicxulub crater, the likely culprit in the extinction of the dinosaurs.

Vincenzo Zappalà
Vincenzo Zappalà (born 1945) is an Italian astronomer and discoverer of several main-belt asteroids.

He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovered of 9 minor planets. All of his discoveries he made at ESO's Chilean La Silla Observatory in 1984, with the exception of 17357 Lucataliano, which he discovered at Mount Stromlo Observatory in 1978. He has also been a long-term astronomer at the Observatory of Turin in Pino Torinese.
The Things (short story)
"The Things" is a science fiction short story by Peter Watts, revisiting the universe of John Carpenter's 1982 film The Thing (derived itself from John W. Campbell's story "Who Goes There?") from the viewpoint of the titular alien. It was first published on Clarkesworld, in January 2010.

The Thing (character)
The Thing is a fictional shapeshifting and telepathic alien and a science fiction antagonist. It first appeared in the novella Who Goes There? by John W. Campbell, which has been adapted into various media, including films, literature, and video games.
Darlington Borough Council elections
Darlington Borough Council elections are held every four years. Darlington Borough Council is the local authority for the unitary authority of Darlington in County Durham, England. Until 1 April 1997 it was a non-metropolitan district.

Borough of Darlington
The Borough of Darlington is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham, England. Since 1997 Darlington Borough Council has been a unitary authority; it is independent from Durham County Council. It is named after its largest settlement, the town of Darlington, where the council is based. The borough also includes a rural area surrounding the town which contains several villages. The population of the borough at the 2021 census was 107,800, of which over 86% (93,015) lived in the built-up area of Darlington itself.

Since 2016 the council has been a member of the Tees Valley Combined Authority, which has been led by the directly elected Tees Valley Mayor since 2017.

The neighbouring districts are the County Durham district to the north and west, Stockton-on-Tees to the east and North Yorkshire to the south, the River Tees forming the border for the latter.
Nevers
Nevers (/nəˈvɛər/ nə-VAIR, French: [nəvɛʁ] ⓘ; Latin: Noviodunum, later Nevirnum and Nebirnum) is a city and the prefecture of the Nièvre department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in central France. It was the principal city of the former province of Nivernais. It is 260 km (160 mi) south-southeast of Paris.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Empezar Desde Cero (song)
"Empezar Desde Cero" is a song recorded by Mexican pop group RBD for their fourth Spanish studio album of the same name (2007). It was released as the second single from the album. On January 29, 2008, Esmas confirmed the release of the song, after it won the official next single poll on the group's official website with 40% of the votes, leaving "Y No Puedo Olvidarte" behind with 30% of the votes.

"Empezar Desde Cero" is only sung by Maite Perroni. It is the band's fourth solo-single (third in Spanish) after "Sálvame" (Spanish, sung by Anahí), "No Pares" (Spanish, sung by Dulce María) and "Tu Amor" (English, sung by Christian Chávez).

No pares
"No Pares" is a song by Mexican pop group RBD, from their second live album, Live in Hollywood (2006). It was the first and only single released from the album. The song was written by Lynda Thomas and performed by Dulce María. "No Pares" won the Orgullosamente Latino Award for Canción Latina 2007 (Latin Song 2007), beating the group's own "Ser o Parecer".
Tony FC
Tony Football Club is a football club based in Margibi County, Liberia.

As of the 2021–22 season, the team competes in the Liberian Second Division. In 2022, the club reached the final of the Liberian FA Cup, losing in a penalty shoot-out to LISCR FC following a 2–2 draw.

LISCR FC
Liberian International Shipping & Corporate Registry FC, abbreviated to LISCR FC, is a football (soccer) club from Liberia based in Gardnersville, Montserrado County. They play their home matches at the Antoinette Tubman Stadium in central Monrovia. They have won the Liberia Football Association Knockout three times and the Liberia Super Cup trophy twice. They won the premiership title for the first time in their history in the 2010–11 season and retained the title the following season (2011–12). LISCR became the last winner of the Liberian Premier League before the dissolution of the league to the first division by the Liberia Football Association. After five years of the dissolution of the Premiership, they won the new first division for the first time in 2017 after finishing top of the 2016–17 Liberia First Division League table with an unbeaten record.
Limiting magnitude
In astronomy, limiting magnitude is the faintest apparent magnitude of a celestial body that is detectable or detected by a given instrument.

In some cases, limiting magnitude refers to the upper threshold of detection. In more formal uses, limiting magnitude is specified along with the strength of the signal (e.g., "10th magnitude at 20 sigma"). Sometimes limiting magnitude is qualified by the purpose of the instrument (e.g., "10th magnitude for photometry") This statement recognizes that a photometric detector can detect light far fainter than it can reliably measure.

The limiting magnitude of an instrument is often cited for ideal conditions, but environmental conditions impose further practical limits. These include weather, moonlight, skyglow, and light pollution. DarkSky International has been vocal in championing the cause of reducing skyglow and light pollution.

Contrast (vision)
Contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable from a background. Human vision is more sensitive to relative differences than to absolute luminance, so perceived appearance can remain fairly stable despite large changes in illumination.

The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. Brightening an image increases contrast in darker areas but decreases it in brighter areas; conversely, darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Bleach bypass reduces contrast in the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.
Grace Stone Coates
Grace Stone Coates (1881–1976) wrote short stories, poetry, and news articles. She did most of her writing out of her home in Martinsdale, Montana. Coates published her first poem, "The Intruder", in 1921 and her first series of linked stories, Black Cherries, in 1931. She co-edited and wrote for Frontier, a literary magazine edited by Harold G. Merriam, a creative writing professor at the University of Montana.

Caxton Press (United States)
Caxton Press (formerly known as Caxton Printers, a division of its parent company, The Caxton Printers Ltd.) is a book publisher located in Caldwell, Idaho, United States, founded in 1925.   It is also a distributor of books from the University of Idaho Press, Black Canyon Communications, Snake Country Publishing, Historic Idaho Series and Alpha Omega Publishing.  It was founded by J. H. Gipson to give western writers, particularly of non-fiction about the people or culture of the Western United States, a vehicle for publication of their work.
Seán McGuinness (hurling manager)
John Joseph McGuinness (1945 – 30 August 2021), known as Seán McGuinness, was a hurling manager. A member of the Patrick Sarsfields club, he had a lengthy career as a manager at club and inter-county levels.

Manager (Gaelic games)
In Gaelic games, a manager or (in Irish) bainisteoir is involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of a team. The role entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. At games, the manager may sometimes wear a bib with the word "manager" or "bainisteoir" adorning it. Many managers were former players themselves, and are assisted in coaching the team by a group of selectors (in Irish roghnóirí).
Kayl railway station
49°29′13″N 06°02′05″E﻿ / ﻿49.48694°N 6.03472°E﻿ / 49.48694; 6.03472

Kayl railway station (Luxembourgish: Gare Keel, French: Gare de Kayl, German: Bahnhof Kayl) is a railway station serving Kayl, in south-western Luxembourg.  It is operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois, the state-owned railway company.

The station is situated on Line 60, which connects Luxembourg City to the Red Lands of the south of the country.  Kayl is the first stop on a branch line that, splitting from the main line at Noertzange, leads to Rumelange.

Kayl
Kayl (German pronunciation: [ˈkaɪl]; Luxembourgish: Keel [ˈkeːl] ⓘ or locally Käl [ˈkɛːl] ⓘ) is a commune and town in south-western Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette.

As of 2025, the town of Kayl, which lies in the centre of the commune, has a population of 5,981. Other towns within the commune include Tétange.

The first surviving written reference to 'Keyle' dates from 1235.   Since the thirteenth century the name of the town has not changed significantly, although more than twenty different spellings have been identified.

The town is the location of the Montenegro honorary consulate in Luxembourg.
Nannhausen Airfield
Nannhausen Airfield (or Flugplatz Nannhausen in German) is a small airstrip in Nannhausen, Germany. It is located along the B50 between Simmern and Kirchberg and is close to the much larger Frankfurt Hahn Airport. It has a single grass runway in the direction 06 / 24 with a length of 560 meters (1,837 feet).

Nannhausen
Nannhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.
Kaludra
This is for the village in Central Serbia, for the one in Montenegro, see Kaludra, Berane

Kaludra (Serbian: Калудра) is a village in Šumadija and Western Serbia (Šumadija), in the municipality of Rekovac (Region of Levač), lying at 43°46′20″N 21°03′38″E﻿ / ﻿43.77222°N 21.06056°E﻿ / 43.77222; 21.06056, at the elevation of 415 m. The village has less than 450 citizens.

Rekovac
Rekovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Рековац) is a small town and municipality located in the Pomoravlje District of central Serbia. According to 2022 census, the population of the town is 1,283, while population of the municipality is 8,116. Rekovac is the center of small geographical region called Levač.

The town has a river called Dulenka, named after one of the settlements in the municipality. There are two schools in Rekovac: a primary school called Svetozar Marković, and a highschool called Poljoprivredno-veterinarska škola.
Legio I Macriana liberatrix
Legio I Macriana liberatrix (Latin for "First legion Macriana liberatrix"; Macriana is a reference to its founder, Macer) was a Roman legion levied in Africa by the governor Lucius Clodius Macer in 68.

The purpose of the legion was to join forces with Legio III Augusta in support of the rebellion of Galba (governor of Hispania Terraconensis) against Emperor Nero. Nero eventually committed suicide and was replaced by Galba. But the new emperor looked at Macer with mistrust, fearing another rebellion against himself. Macer was killed in 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, and I Macriana liberatrix was disbanded. The emblem of the legion is unknown.

Legio III Augusta
Legio III Augusta ("Third Augustan Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. Its origin may have been the Republican 3rd Legion which served the general Pompey during his civil war against Gaius Julius Caesar (49–45 BC). It supported the general Octavian (later emperor Augustus) in his civil war against Mark Antony (31–30 BC). It was officially refounded in 30 BC, when Octavian achieved sole mastery of the Roman empire. In that year, it was deployed in the Roman province of Africa, where it remained until at least the late 4th century AD.
Gakovo
Gakovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Гаково) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sombor municipality, in the West Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population is 2,201 (2002 census).

West Bačka District
The West Bačka District (Serbian: Западнобачки округ, romanized: Zapadnobački okrug, pronounced [zâːpadnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the geographical region of Bačka. According to the 2022 census, West Bačka District has a population of 154,491 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sombor.