hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Service quality
Service quality (SQ), in its contemporary conceptualisation, is a comparison of perceived expectations (E) of a service with perceived performance (P), giving rise to the equation SQ = P − E. This conceptualisation of service quality has its origins in the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm.

A business with high service quality will meet or exceed customer expectations whilst remaining economically competitive. Evidence from empirical studies suggests that improved service quality increases profitability and long term economic competitiveness. Improvements to service quality may be achieved by improving operational processes; identifying problems quickly and systematically; establishing valid and reliable service performance measures and measuring customer satisfaction and other performance outcomes.

Service (business)
Business services are a recognisable subset of economic services, and share their characteristics. The essential difference is that businesses are concerned about the building of service systems in order to deliver value to their customers and to act in the roles of service provider and service consumer.

A service is a set of one-time consumable and perishable benefits that are: delivered from the accountable service provider, mostly in close co-action with their internal and external service suppliers; effectuated by distinct functions of technical systems and by distinct activities of individuals, respectively; commissioned according to the needs of his/her service consumers by the service customer from the accountable service provider; rendered individually to a consumer at his/her dedicated trigger or request; and, finally, consumed and utilized by the triggering service consumer for executing his/her upcoming business or private activity.
1989 World Series of Poker
The 1989 World Series of Poker (WSOP) was a series of poker tournaments held at Binion's Horseshoe. The 1989 Main Event was won by 24-year-old Phil Hellmuth, defeating defending champion Johnny Chan, and also breaking the record for being the youngest player to win the WSOP Main Event (a record previously set by Stu Ungar in 1980). Had Chan won, he would have tied Johnny Moss's record of three Main Event wins. This year also marked the first year in which Moss did not finish any WSOP tournaments inside the payout positions.

Binion's Gambling Hall and Hotel
Binion's Gambling Hall & Hotel, formerly Binion's Horseshoe, is a casino on Fremont Street along the Fremont Street Experience pedestrian mall in Downtown Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. It is owned by TLC Casino Enterprises. The casino is named for its founder, Benny Binion, whose family ran it from its founding in 1951 until 2004. The hotel, which had 366 rooms, closed in 2009. TLC reopened 81 of the rooms as a boutique hotel called Hotel Apache in July 2019.
2021 1st Spielberg W Series round
The 2021 W Series Spielberg round was the first round of seven in the 2021 W Series, and took place at the Red Bull Ring in Austria on 26 June 2021. The event was an undercard to the 2021 Formula One World Championship round at the same circuit.

2021 W Series
The 2021 W Series was the second season of the W Series motor racing championship, replacing the 2020 season after it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The championship was exclusively open to female racing drivers as a Formula Regional-level racing series in support of the 2021 Formula One World Championship.

Jamie Chadwick entered the season as the defending W Series champion, having won the title in 2019. Chadwick secured her second consecutive championship, winning the 2021 title at the season finale race, at Circuit of the Americas.
Darreh Khvoshi
Darreh Khvoshi (Persian: دره خوشي, also Romanized as Darreh Khvoshī) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 131, in 24 families.

Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District
Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهدشت شمالی) is in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Namju. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Horin Khalifeh.
Bobo Hotel
The Bobo Hotel, also known as Miss Mary Bobo's Boarding House and Grand Central Hotel, is a historic hotel and boarding house in Lynchburg, Tennessee. It was built for a Confederate veteran, and it later belonged to relatives of the owners of Jack Daniel's. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Lynchburg, Tennessee
Lynchburg is a city in the south-central region of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is governed by a consolidated city-county government unit whose boundaries coincide with those of Moore County. Lynchburg is best known as the location of Jack Daniel's distillery, whose famous Tennessee whiskey is marketed worldwide as the product of a city with only one traffic light.  Despite the operational distillery, which is a major tourist attraction, Lynchburg's home county of Moore is a dry county. However, sampling whiskey is permitted on distillery grounds. The population was 6,461 at the 2020 census.

Lynchburg is part of the Tullahoma–Manchester micropolitan area.

The downtown area is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Lynchburg Historic District.
2016 Aegon Eastbourne Trophy
The 2016 Aegon Eastbourne Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the second edition of the tournament and part of the 2016 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Eastbourne, United Kingdom, on 30 May–5 June 2016.

2016 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2016 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 to $100,000.
Wayne Perkins
David Wayne Perkins (born 1951) is an American rock and R&B guitarist, singer, songwriter and session musician. According to a 2017 feature about him on the Alabama website AL.com, he is "arguably the greatest guitarist Alabama ever produced."

Perkins may be best known for his work with The Rolling Stones, who almost brought him into the band. However, he has contributed his skills to a long roster of high-profile artists, including Bob Marley and Joni Mitchell.

Ray Reach
Raymond Everett Reach Jr. (August 3, 1948 – February 17, 2026) was an American pianist, vocalist, guitarist, composer, arranger, music producer and educator, who was convicted in the State of Alabama on child pornography charges. Reach has performed and recorded in various genres, including pop, R&B, Motown/soul, gospel, rock, classic rock, country (contemporary and traditional), contemporary Christian, classical, and jazz music, but is perhaps best known for his work in jazz, combining jazz piano stylings with Sinatra-style vocals. He resided in Birmingham, Alabama.
Government of NCT of Delhi v. Union of India
Government of NCT of Delhi versus Union of India & Another [C. A. No. 2357 of 2017] is a civil appeal heard before the Supreme Court of India by a five-judge constitution bench of the court. The case was filed as an appeal to an August 2016 verdict of the Delhi High Court that ruled that the lieutenant governor of Delhi exercised "complete control of all matters regarding National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi", and was heard by the Supreme Court in November and December 2017.

The supreme court pronounced its judgment on 4 July 2018; it said the lieutenant governor of Delhi had no independent decision-making powers and was bound to follow the "aid and advice" of the Delhi chief-minister-headed council of ministers of the Government of Delhi on all matters except those pertaining to police, public order and land. The verdict was positively received almost unanimously by politicians from multiple parties.

Union Council of Ministers
The Union Council of Ministers is the principal executive organ of the Government of India, which serves to aid and advise the President of India in execution of their functions. It is chaired by the Prime Minister of India and consists of the heads of each of the executive government ministries. Currently, the council is headed by Narendra Modi and consists of 71 fellow members. The council is answerable to the Lok Sabha.

A smaller executive body called the Union Cabinet is the supreme decision-making body in India; it is a subset of the Union Council of Ministers who hold important portfolios and ministries of the government.
The Kidnapping Day
The Kidnapping Day (Korean: 유괴의 날) is a 2023 South Korean television series starring Yoon Kye-sang, Park Sung-hoon, Jeon Yu-na, and Kim Shin-rok. It is based on a novel of the same title by writer Jung Hae-yeon. It aired on ENA from September 13 to October 25, 2023, every Wednesday and Thursday at 21:00 (KST). It is also available for streaming on Amazon Prime Video in selected regions.

AStory
AStory (Korean: 에이스토리; RR: Eiseutori) is a South Korean drama production and marketing company based in Seoul. It was established in 2004 by Lee Sang-baek, a former producer for Mnet and SM Entertainment, together with his friends: drama writer Choi Wan-kyu and director You Chul-yong.
Feedback neural network
Feedback neural networks are neural networks with the ability to provide bottom-up and top-down design feedback to their input or previous layers, based on their outputs or subsequent layers. This is notably used in large language models, specifically in reasoning language models (RLM). This process is designed to mimic self-assessment and internal deliberation, aiming to minimize errors (like hallucinations) and increase interpretability. This reflection is a form of "test-time compute", where additional computational resources are used during inference.

Neural scaling law
In machine learning, a neural scaling law is an empirical scaling law that describes how neural network performance changes as key factors are scaled up or down. These factors typically include the number of parameters, training dataset size, and training cost. Some models also exhibit performance gains by scaling inference through increased test-time compute (TTC), extending neural scaling laws beyond training to the deployment phase.
2009 Edinburgh Sevens
The Edinburgh Sevens is played annually as part of the IRB Sevens World Series for international rugby sevens (seven-a-side version of rugby union). The 2009 competition, which took place on 30 May and 31 May in Edinburgh, Scotland, was the eighth and final Cup trophy in the 2008–09 IRB Sevens World Series.

On the first day of the competition, South Africa advanced to the quarterfinals of the Cup competition, thereby assuring them of the overall season title; they needed only to finish within the top nine teams to make it impossible for second-place England to catch them on the season log. South Africa went on advance to the Cup finals, where they were defeated 20–19 by Fiji, who passed England for second place on the season log in the process. Last year's series champions New Zealand won the second-level Plate competition, with England winning the Bowl and the USA winning the Shield.

Scotland Sevens
The Scotland Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament that was part of the Sevens World Series. In the 2014-15 season it was the penultimate event of the Sevens World Series circuit. It was first held in 2007 but has been removed from the series from the 2015-16 season.

Between 2007 and 2011 the tournament was held at Murrayfield in Edinburgh, then moving to Scotstoun Stadium in Glasgow from 2012. The agreement to host the tournament in Glasgow between the World Rugby, which operates the Sevens World Series, and the Scottish Rugby Union ran from 2012 for at least 3 years. The event was replaced in the World Sevens series by the France Sevens event from 2015–16 and will not return to the series until 2019 at the earliest.

The first and second tournaments were held near the beginning of June, with the airline Emirates as the title sponsor. Associated events have included a Festival of Rugby, which took place on the training pitches outside Murrayfield when it was held there.
Bhikhna Thori railway station
Bhikhna Thori railway station is a small terminus railway station on Narkatiaganj–Bhikhna Thori branch line in West Champaran district, Bihar. Its code is BKF. It serves Bhikhna Thori village. The station consists of two platforms.

Bhikhna Thori is terminal station before the Indo-Nepal border. It is connected with the Gorakhpur–Narkatiaganj–Raxaul rail line at Narkatiaganj Junction.

Barauni–Gorakhpur line
The Barauni–Gorakhpur line are connecting Barauni in the Indian state of Bihar with Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh. The lines run in an east–west direction between the  GandakThe lines connects via Samastipur ,Muzaffarpur ,Hajipur Junction  , Sonpur Junction , Chhapra and Siwan Junction .
J. Steward Davis
James Steward Davis (October 11, 1890 – disappeared on April 15, 1929) was an American lawyer and political activist in Baltimore, Maryland. During the 1920s, Davis worked as a highly respected trial lawyer as well as a campaign organizer for W. Ashbie Hawkins, Al Smith, Herbert O'Conor and the Democratic Party in Maryland. In 1929, Davis disappeared under suspicious circumstances.

Baltimore Afro-American
The Baltimore Afro-American, commonly known as The Afro or Afro News, is a weekly African-American newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the flagship newspaper of the AFRO-American chain and the longest-running African-American family-owned newspaper in the United States, established in 1892.
Bräcke
Bräcke is a locality and the seat of Bräcke Municipality in Jämtland County, Sweden with 1,651 inhabitants as of 2010.

The community is located next to Lake Revsundssjön, 70 km south-east of Östersund.   
The railway has been an important factor in Bräcke's development. The town is located along the Central line and serves as the starting point of the Main Line Through Upper Norrland. European route E14 also passes through Bräcke and Länsväg 323 starts in Bräcke and goes towards Kälarne.

Bräcke Church (Bräcke kyrka) was built in the summer of 1859 following a drawing by Abraham Rafael Ulric Pettersson (1824-1866). The church building is externally clad with white painted wooden paneling. The ceiling of the church room has a thin vault of wood.  The altarpiece was painted in 1926 by Stockholm artist Karl Tirén (1869-1955).  In the church tower hang two bells; the little bell was cast in 1778 and  large bell was cast in 1859.

Jämtland County
Jämtland County (Swedish: Jämtlands län, Southern Sami: Jiemthen leene) is a county or län in Sweden. It consists of the provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen, along with minor parts of Hälsingland and Ångermanland, plus two small strips of Lapland and Dalarna. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Gävleborg, Västernorrland, and Västerbotten, as well as the Norwegian county of Trøndelag. It measures 49,443 km2 (19,090 sq mi) and constitutes 12% of Sweden's total area, making it the country's third largest county. The capital is Östersund. The county governor and leader of the administrative board, as appointed by the Swedish government, has been Marita Ljung since 2021.

The county was established in 1810, at the time it consisted only of the provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen, which is why the coat of arms is a shield parted per fess with their provincial arms. King Carl XVI Gustaf is occasionally referred to as Duke of Jämtland after his title of king.
Nissan Sylphy
The Nissan Sylphy (Japanese: 日産・シルフィ, Hepburn: Nissan Shirufi) is a compact car produced by the Japanese car maker Nissan since 2000 as the successor to the Nissan Pulsar. The Sylphy has also been marketed in export markets under several other nameplates, including Pulsar, Almera, Sunny and Sentra. For the third-generation model (B17) introduced in 2012, the Sylphy model was merged with the B17 Sentra, meaning it is no longer a standalone model.

Until 2012, it is known as the Nissan Bluebird Sylphy (Japanese: 日産・ブルーバードシルフィ, Hepburn: Nissan Burūbādo Shirufi) in Japan. The initial Bluebird Sylphy nameplate was a continuation for the larger Bluebird which was phased out in 2001. It was renamed the Sylphy for the third-generation model in 2012.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
Phytoprogestogen
Phytoprogestogens, also known as phytoprogestins, are phytochemicals (that is, naturally occurring, plant-derived chemicals) with progestogenic effects.

Relative to their phytoestrogen counterparts, phytoprogestogens are rare. However, a number have been identified, including kaempferol, diosgenin (found in yam), apigenin (found in chasteberry), naringenin, and syringic acid, among others. In addition, 3,8-dihydrodiligustilide from Ligusticum chuanxiong is a potent progestogen (EC50 = 90 nM), whereas riligustilide is a weak progestogen (EC50 ≈ 81 μM).

Naringenin
Naringenin is a flavanone from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is commonly found in citrus fruits, especially as the predominant flavonone in grapefruit.

The fate and biological functions of naringenin in vivo are unknown, remaining under preliminary research, as of 2024. High consumption of dietary naringenin is generally regarded as safe, mainly due to its low bioavailability. Taking dietary supplements or consuming grapefruit excessively may impair the action of anticoagulants and increase the toxicity of various prescription drugs.

Similar to furanocoumarins present in citrus fruits, naringenin may evoke CYP3A4 suppression in the liver and intestines, possibly resulting in adverse interactions with common medications.
Saint Michael's Purple Knights women's ice hockey
The Saint Michael's Purple Knights team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Saint Michael's College. The Purple Knights, members of New England Women's Hockey Alliance (a founding member since 2018) play at the C. Douglas Cairns Recreation Arena in Colchester, Vermont.

New England Women's Hockey Alliance
The New England Women's Hockey Alliance (NEWHA) is a women's college ice hockey conference in the United States. It participates in the NCAA's Division I as a hockey-only conference. As of the most recent 2023–24 NCAA hockey season, the conference is made up of eight teams, with two each in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, and one each in New York and Vermont.
SM4 (cipher)
ShāngMì 4 (SM4, 商密4) (formerly SMS4) is a block cipher, standardised for commercial cryptography in China. It is used in the Chinese National Standard for Wireless LAN WAPI (WLAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure), and with Transport Layer Security.

SM4 was a cipher proposed for the IEEE 802.11i standard, but it has so far been rejected. One of the reasons for the rejection has been opposition to the WAPI fast-track proposal by the IEEE.

SM4 was published as ISO/IEC 18033-3/Amd 1 in 2021.

The SM4 algorithm was drafted by Data Assurance & Communication Security Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and Commercial Cryptography Testing Center, National Cryptography Administration. It is mainly developed by Lü Shuwang (Chinese: 吕述望). The algorithm was declassified in January, 2006, and it became a national standard (GB/T 32907-2016) in August 2016.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Friendship graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the friendship graph (or Dutch windmill graph or n-fan) Fn is a planar, undirected graph with 2n + 1 vertices and 3n edges.

The friendship graph Fn can be constructed by joining n copies of the cycle graph C3 with a common vertex, which becomes a universal vertex for the graph.

By construction, the friendship graph Fn is isomorphic to the windmill graph Wd(3, n). It is unit distance with girth 3, diameter 2 and radius 1. The graph F2 is isomorphic to the butterfly graph. Friendship graphs are generalized by the triangular cactus graphs.

Cycle graph
In graph theory, a cycle graph or circular graph is a graph that consists of a single cycle, or in other words, some number of vertices (at least 3, if the graph is simple) connected in a closed chain. The cycle graph with n vertices is called Cn. The number of vertices in Cn equals the number of edges, and every vertex has degree 2; that is, every vertex has exactly two edges incident with it.

Cycle graph  is an isolated loop. Cycle graph  is the same as complete graph .
Kotlas
Kotlas (Russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population:  60,562 (2010 Census); 60,647 (2002 Census); 68,021 (1989 Soviet census).

Kotlas is the third-largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk) and an important transport hub.

Severodvinsk
Severodvinsk (Russian: Северодви́нск; IPA: [sʲɪvʲɪrɐdˈvʲinsk]) is a city in the north of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located in the delta of the Northern Dvina, 35 kilometers (22 mi) west of Arkhangelsk, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2021 Census, the population was 157,213. Due to the presence of important military shipyards (specialising in submarines since the Soviet period), Severodvinsk is an access-restricted town for foreign citizens. A special permit is required.

It was previously known as Sudostroy (until 1938), and Molotovsk (until 1957).