hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sinyavino offensive
The Sinyavino offensives were a series of Soviet offensives in 1941–1943 during World War II around the Sinyavino Heights, east of Leningrad, to lift the Siege of Leningrad. The area was only fully liberated during the Leningrad–Novgorod offensive in January 1944.

Nevsky Pyatachok
Nevsky Pyatachok (Russian: Не́вский пятачо́к) is the name of the Neva Bridgehead 50 km east south-east of Leningrad and 15 km south of Shlisselburg. It was the site of one of the most critical and costly campaigns during the Siege of Leningrad from September 1941 until May 1943 to reopen land communications with the city during the German siege.

The Russian word pyatachok means a five-kopeck coin, or (by way of a metaphor) a very small area.
Jauaperi River
The Jauaperi River (Portuguese: Rio Jauaperi) is a river of Amazonas state in northwestern Brazil, a tributary of the Rio Negro.

The lower section of the river forms part of the border between Amazonas and Roraima.
Most of the river basin is in the 2,585,910 hectares (6,389,900 acres) Waimiri Atroari Indigenous Territory.

Rio Negro (Amazon)
The Rio Negro (Spanish: Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] "Black River"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge. It originates in the tepuis of the department of Guainía, Colombia, and then flows southeastward before finally entering Brazil. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus).
2000 Pop Secret Microwave Popcorn 400
The 2000 Pop Secret Microwave Popcorn 400 was the 31st stock car race of the 2000 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and  the 36th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, October 22, 2000, in Rockingham, North Carolina, at North Carolina Speedway, a 1.017 miles (1.637 km) permanent high-banked racetrack. The race took the scheduled 393 laps to complete. In the final 43 laps of the race, Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would manage to make a pass for the lead and defend the field to take his 24th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second and final victory of the season. To fill out the top 3,  Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon and Robert Yates Racing driver Ricky Rudd would finish second and third, respectively.

Yates Racing
Yates Racing was an American stock car racing team that competed in NASCAR through the 2009 season, after which it merged into Richard Petty Motorsports. Previously known as Robert Yates Racing, the team was owned by Doug Yates, who has officially owned the team since his father Robert's retirement on December 1, 2007. The Yates family owned the team since purchasing it from Harry Ranier and J. T. Lundy in October 1988.

The team was noted for its strong engine program and its success on superspeedways.  Throughout most of its history, the team fielded Ford cars numbered 28, 38 and 88, although in its final season it fielded the number 98.
Ladislau Lovrenschi
Ladislau Lovrenschi (21 June 1932 – 2011) was a rowing coxswain. He was born in a Hungarian community in Romania, where he is also known as László Lavrenszki. He competed in the coxed pairs and coxed fours at the 1968, 1972, 1980 and 1988 Olympics and won a bronze medal in 1968 and a silver in 1988, placing fourth in 1980 and 1988. In 1970, he became the first world champion in rowing from Romania. He also won a bronze medal at the 1967 European Championships. After retiring from competition he worked as a coach at CFR Timișoara and assisted in training the Romanian national team.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
Ashley, Staffordshire
Ashley is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Loggerheads, in the Newcastle-under-Lyme district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 508. The village is close to the border of Shropshire, adjacent to Loggerheads, and is 4 miles (6 km) northeast of Market Drayton.

Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme
The Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme is a local government district with borough status in Staffordshire, England.

It is named after the town of Newcastle-under-Lyme, where the council is based. The borough also includes the town of Kidsgrove and several villages and surrounding rural areas lying generally to the west of Newcastle itself. Most of the borough's built-up areas form part of The Potteries Urban Area.

The neighbouring districts are Staffordshire Moorlands, Stoke-on-Trent, Stafford, Shropshire and Cheshire East.
Motor Toon Grand Prix
Motor Toon Grand Prix is a 1994 kart racing video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It was released exclusively in Japan. The game and its sequel were directed by Kazunori Yamauchi, and are precursors to his subsequent racing series Gran Turismo.

Polyphony Digital
Polyphony Digital Inc. is an internal Japanese first-party video game development studio for PlayStation Studios. Originally a development group within Sony Computer Entertainment's Japan Studio known as Polys Entertainment, after the success of Gran Turismo in Japan, they were granted greater autonomy, reestablished as an individual company and renamed themselves Polyphony Digital. It currently has four studios: two studios in Japan, one studio in the Netherlands, and another one in the United States.
Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet High School
Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet High School is a magnet public high school in the Los Angeles Unified School District with a focus on serving students who plan to study in the healthcare field. It is located near the LAC+USC Medical Center, in the Lincoln Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States.

As of the 2014-15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,841 students and 70.3 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 26.2:1. There were 1,583 students (86.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 69 (3.7% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Eastside Los Angeles
The Eastside is an urban region in Los Angeles County, California. It includes the Los Angeles City neighborhoods east of the Los Angeles River—that is, Boyle Heights, El Sereno, and Lincoln Heights—as well as unincorporated East Los Angeles.
Monochrome photography
Monochrome photography  is photography where each position on an image can record and show a different amount of light (value), but not a different color (hue). The majority of monochrome photographs produced today are black-and-white, either from a gelatin silver process, or as digital photography. Other hues besides grey can be used to create monochrome photography, but brown and sepia tones are the result of older processes like the albumen print, and cyan tones are the product of cyanotype prints.

As monochrome photography provides an inherently less complete reproduction than color photography, it is mostly used for artistic purposes and certain technical imaging applications.

Bayer filter
A Bayer filter mosaic is a color filter array (CFA) for arranging RGB color filters on a square grid of photosensors. Its particular arrangement of color filters is used in most single-chip digital image sensors used in digital cameras, and camcorders to create a color image. The filter pattern is half green, one quarter red and one quarter blue, hence is also called BGGR, RGBG, GRBG, or RGGB.

It is named after its inventor, Bryce Bayer of Eastman Kodak. Bayer is also known for his recursively defined matrix used in ordered dithering.

Alternatives to the Bayer filter include both various modifications of colors and arrangement and completely different technologies, such as color co-site sampling, the Foveon X3 sensor, the dichroic mirrors or a transparent diffractive-filter array.
Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Junior AA Hockey League
The Ligue de Hockey Junior AA Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean or Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Junior "AA" Hockey League is a Junior "AA" (Junior "B" Canada-Wide) ice hockey league in the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The league is sanctioned by Hockey Quebec and Hockey Canada.

The champion of the league competes annually for the Coupe Dodge, the Provincial Championship of Quebec.

Coupe Dodge
The Quebec Provincial Hockey Championship (French:  Championnats Provinciaux de Hockey, known as Coupe Chevrolet, or the Chevrolet Cup for commercial reasons) is a provincial championship in the men's and women's amateur ice hockey leagues in Quebec, Canada. This tournament is sanctioned by both Fédération québécoise de hockey sur glace (Hockey Quebec) and Hockey Canada.
Battle of Nasiriyah
The Battle of Nasiriyah was fought between the US 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade and Iraqi forces from 23 March to 2 April 2003 during the US-led invasion of Iraq. On the night of 24–25 March, the bulk of the Marines of Regimental Combat Team 1 passed through the city over the bridges and attacked north towards Baghdad. Other elements remained in the city to fight its defenders, who put up stiff resistance and inflicted several dozen casualties on coalition forces, more than in most other battles during the invasion. Resistance ceased on 1 April.

2nd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion
2nd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion is a fast and mobilized armored terrestrial reconnaissance battalion of the United States Marine Corps. Their primary weapon system is the 8-wheeled LAV-25 and they fall under the command of the 2nd Marine Division and II Marine Expeditionary Force. The unit is based out of the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. The current mission statement of the battalion is: To perform combined arms reconnaissance and security missions in support of the Ground Combat Element (GCE) of a Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). Its mission is to conduct reconnaissance, security and economy of force operations, and, within its capabilities, limited offensive or defensive operations that exploit the unit's mobility and firepower.

The LAR battalion may function as an independent maneuver element or as an element of a larger unit such as a regimental combat team, or its subordinate companies may support other tactical units in the GCE.
Olive pigeon
The olive pigeons are four allopatric species of pigeon, named for their association with olive (Olea) species. They have a maroon tone to the speckled plumage, and inhabit cool, montane forests of Africa and its associated islands. Together with the speckled wood pigeon, they are seen as members of a superspecies, which has affinities with the white-naped pigeon.

African olive pigeon, Columba arquatrix

Cameroon olive pigeon, Columba sjostedti

São Tomé olive pigeon, Columba thomensis

Comoros olive pigeon, Columba pollenii

Speckled wood pigeon, Columba hodgsonii, of Asia

Columba (genus)
The bird genus Columba comprises a genus of medium to large pigeons. The terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used indiscriminately for smaller and larger Columbidae, respectively. Columba species are mostly termed "pigeons", and in many cases "wood pigeons", but some (including the type species of the genus), are termed "doves". The rock dove (C. livia) has given rise to the majority of domesticated pigeon breeds, such as the racing pigeon and the fantail pigeon, some of which have become feral. Meanwhile, "wood pigeon" by itself usually means the common wood pigeon (C. palumbus).

This genus as understood today is native to the Old World, but some (notably the domestic and feral rock dove) have been introduced outside their natural range, for example in the Americas.
Rhodesian African Rifles
The Rhodesian African Rifles (RAR) was a regiment of the Rhodesian Army. The ranks of the RAR were recruited from the black African population, although officers were generally from the white population. The regiment was formed in May 1940 in the British colony of Southern Rhodesia.

The RAR were officially declared the successor to the Rhodesia Native Regiment (RNR) which had existed in World War I from 1916 to 1918, and was granted the RNR's battle honours earned fighting in the East African Campaign. The RAR were the second-oldest regiment of the Rhodesian Army, after the Rhodesia Regiment which was raised in 1899.

The RAR used the "greens" uniform and wore slouch hats as headgear.

Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)
The British Fourteenth Army was a multi-national force comprising units from Commonwealth countries during the Second World War. It was composed of units of the British Army, many from the Indian Army, and significant contributions from the British Army's West and East African divisions. It was often referred to as the "Forgotten Army" because its operations in the Burma campaign were overlooked by the contemporary press, and remained more obscure than those of the corresponding formations in Europe for long after the war. For most of the Army's existence, it was commanded by Lieutenant-General William Slim.
Gmina Tczów
Gmina Tczów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zwoleń County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Tczów, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Zwoleń and 104 km (65 mi) south of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 72.12 square kilometres (27.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,877.

Zwoleń
Zwoleń [ˈzvɔlɛɲ] (Yiddish: זוואלין Zvolin) is a town in eastern Poland, in Masovian Voivodeship, about 30 kilometres (19 miles) east of Radom. It is the capital of Zwoleń County. Population is 8,048 (2009). Zwoleń belongs to Sandomierz Land of the historic province of Lesser Poland, and is located on the Zwoleńka river.
Alberto Tomba
Alberto Tomba Golden Collar of Sports Merit - Army Gold Cross of Merit (born 19 December 1966) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Italy. He was the dominant technical skier (slalom and giant slalom) in the late 1980s and 1990s. At 182 cm and 90 kg, his powerful build was a contrast to the lighter, more traditional technical skiers who prioritised agility over muscle. Tomba was able to take advantage of the introduction of spring-loaded ski gates which replaced the older, solid gates in the early 1980s by using his power to maintain a faster, more direct line through courses. Tomba won three Olympic gold medals, two World Championships, and nine World Cup season titles: four in slalom, four in giant slalom, and one overall title.  He was popularly called Tomba la Bomba ("Tomba the Bomb").

FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1997
The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1997 were held in Sestriere, northwestern Italy, from February 3–15, 1997.

Nine years later, the area would later host the alpine events for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.
Isukha
The Isukha, are a tribe of the Luhya nation of Kenya. Among the Luhya, the Isukha are known as Abiisukha. They reside Kakamega District neighboured by the Idakho and the Tiriki. They perform the traditional celebratory dance known as Isukuti.

Tiriki
The Tiriki is a tribe consisting of 16 clans and dialects of the Abaluyia people of Western Kenya.  The word Tiriki is also used to refer to their geographical location of Hamisi subcounty, Vihiga County, in the Western region of Kenya. Hamisi Constituency now Hamisi Subcounty is one of the longest in Kenya stretching from Kiboswa (Ny'angori) to Shiru, which borders Kapsabet and Musunji which borders Kakamega Forest. Some members of tiriki clan moved to nandi county and occupied aldai and other parts of nandi county.
54th International Film Festival of India
The 54th International Film Festival of India opened on 20 November 2023 with Catching Dust by Stuart Gatt in Goa. Shekhar Kapur an Indian filmmaker served as chairperson of the international jury. This year a new award category Best Web Series Award was introduced in the festival. 32 entries in 10 languages from 15 Over-the-top media service platforms were selected to compete for this award.

The festival closed on 28 November with 
American biographical sports drama film The Featherweight by Robert Kolodny. In the ceremony Hollywood actor-producer Michael Douglas was honoured with the Satyajit Ray Lifetime Achievement Award, and the Persian film Endless Borders by Abbas Amini, received the Golden Peacock award for the best film; whereas Stephan Komandarev won the Silver Peacock award for best director for the Bulgarian film Blaga's Lessons.

IFFI Satyajit Ray Lifetime Achievement Award
The IFFI Satyajit Ray Lifetime Achievement Award (formerly IFFI Lifetime Achievement Award) is an international honor instituted by the International Film Festival of India. The recipient is honored for their "outstanding contribution to the growth and development of World cinema.
Lea Moutoussamy
Lea Melissa Moutoussamy (ليا ميليسا موتوسامي) is a right-handed Algerian sabre fencer. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed in the Women's sabre, losing in the first round to Russian Sofiya Velikaya by a score of 15–6. When she competed in 2012, she was the youngest fencer to ever have participated in the Olympics; she was 14 years and 288 days old.

Moutoussamy was born on 18 October 1997, in Paris, France.  She fences with the club US Metro, in Paris.

Sofya Velikaya
Sofiya Aleksandrovna Velikaya (Russian: Софья Александровна Великая, IPA: [ˈsofʲjə vʲɪˈlʲikəjə]; born 8 June 1985) is a Russian sabre fencer.

Velikaya is a former European champion (four-time individual, six-time team), world champion (two-time individual, six-time team), and two-time Olympic team champion. She competed in the 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020 Olympics, and is a three-time individual silver medalist.

She dedicated her team's 2016 Olympic gold medal to those Russians who had been banned for doping. In January 2024, Velikaya was included in the list of proxies of presidential candidate Vladimir Putin in the 2024 Russian presidential election.
Bhagalpur College of Engineering
Bhagalpur College of Engineering (BCE Bhagalpur) is one of the best State Government Technical Institution and was established in 1960 in Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. This institute offers full-time Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.)  degree programs. It is administered by the Department of Science and Technology, Bihar. The college is affiliated with Bihar Engineering University

Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board
Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board (BCECEB) conducts competitive examinations and counsellings every year for admissions in various courses of Medical, Engineering and Agricultural streams in the Institutions of Bihar. It is constituted under Bihar Acts, 1995. Office of the board is situated in IAS Association Building, Patna.
2025 Israeli Basketball League Cup
The 2025 Israeli Basketball League Cup, for sponsorships reasons the Winner League Cup, will be the 20th edition of the pre-season tournament of the Israeli Basketball Premier League. Fourteen Israeli Premier League team's participate. The tournament has been changed, adding a fourth group to the group stage and a play-in round. Both of the finalists from the 2024–25 Israeli Basketball Premier League, Maccabi Tel Aviv and Hapoel Jerusalem, were given a bye to the quarter-final, but the latter team chose to participate in the group stage.

Israeli Basketball League Cup
The Israeli Basketball League Cup is a pre-season professional basketball tournament that is contested between clubs. It has been held in Israel since 2006. It is held during the week before the start of the Israeli Premier League season.  The Israeli League Cup tournament is currently sponsored by Pais Lotto, and therefore it is officially known as the Chance Cup. Previously, the tournament was sponsored by the Toto Winner Organization, and it was known as the Winner Cup, from 2006 to 2009. In 2010, it had no sponsor, and therefore the tournament was named Basketball League Cup.
Htaw Hmaing Gyi of Nyaungshwe
Htaw Hmaing Gyi (Burmese: ထော်မှိုင်းကြီး, Burmese pronunciation: [tʰò m̥áiɰ̃ dʑí]; also spelled Hto Hmain Gyi) was sawbwa of Nyaungshwe (Yawnghwe) and Yatsauk (Lawksawk) in the early 15th century. He became a vassal of Ava in 1405/06, and later participated in the Ava–Hanthawaddy War (1408–1418).

Kingdom of Ava
The Ava Kingdom (Burmese: အင်းဝပြည်, pronounced [ʔɪ́ɰ̃wa̰ kʰɪʔ]; INN-wa pyi) also known as Inwa Kingdom or Kingdom of Ava was the dominant kingdom that ruled upper Burma (Myanmar) from 1365 to 1555. Founded in 1365, the kingdom was the successor state to the petty kingdoms of Myinsaing, Pinya and Sagaing that had ruled central Burma since the collapse of the Pagan Kingdom in the late 13th century.

Like the small kingdoms that preceded it, Ava may have been led by Bamarised Shan kings who claimed descent from the kings of Pagan. Scholars debate that the Shan ethnicity of Avan kings comes from mistranslation, particularly from a record of the Avan kings' ancestors ruling a Shan village in central Burma prior to their rise or prominence.
Charali (Nepal)
Charali (Nepali: चारआली) is a neighbourhood in the municipality of Mechinagar, Jhapa district in Nepal. The place lies at the intersection of East–west highway and Mechi Highway that traverses from South to North. It serves as a major entry point for the eastern hills of Nepal.

Mechinagar Municipality
Mechinagar (Nepali: मेचीनगर) is a municipality in Jhapa District, Koshi Province, Nepal and is the main entry point from India on Nepal's eastern border.  Nepal's customs office is in Kakarvitta (Nepali: काँकडभिट्टा), a section of the municipality. The city lies 475 km southeast of the capital Kathmandu and 115 km east of Biratnagar, the capital of Koshi Province.
Common collared lizard
The common collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris), also commonly called eastern collared lizard, Oklahoma collared lizard, mountain boomer, yellow-headed collared lizard, and collared lizard, is a North American species of lizard in the family Crotaphytidae. The common name "collared lizard" comes from the lizard's distinct coloration, which includes bands of black around the neck and shoulders that look like a collar. Males can be very colorful, with blue green bodies, yellow stripes on the tail and back, and yellow orange throats. There are five recognized subspecies.

Robert G. Webb
Robert Gravem Webb (February 18, 1927 – September 18, 2018) was an American herpetologist, expert in the systematics and biogeography of reptiles and amphibians, and professor emeritus of biological science at the University of Texas, El Paso.

Webb received his Ph.D. in zoology from the University of Kansas in 1960.

Webb had over a hundred publications to his name. He specialized in amphibians and reptiles of the southwestern United States and Mexico.

The snake Lampropeltis webbi is named after him.