hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tornadoes of 1957
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1957, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.

Orange, Texas
Orange is a city in and the county seat of Orange County, Texas, United States. The population was 19,324 at the 2020 census. It is the easternmost city in Texas, located on the Sabine River at the border with Louisiana, and is 113 miles (182 km) from Houston. Orange is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area. Founded in 1836, it is a deep-water port to the Gulf of Mexico.
Abdelaziz of Morocco
Moulay Abd al-Aziz bin Hassan (Arabic: عبد العزيز بن الحسن, romanized: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Ḥasan; 24 February 1878 – 10 June 1943) was sultan of Morocco from 9 June 1894 to 21 August 1908, as a ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was proclaimed sultan at the age of sixteen after the death of his father Hassan I.

Moulay Abdelaziz tried to strengthen the central government by implementing a new tax on agriculture and livestock, a measure which was strongly opposed by sections of the society. This in turn led Abdelaziz to mortgage the customs revenues and to borrow heavily from the French, which was met with widespread revolt and a revolution that deposed him in 1908 in favor of his brother Abd al-Hafid.

Qaid
Qaid (Arabic: قَائِد qāʾid, "commander"; pl. قَادَة qāda, or قُوَّاد quwwād), also spelled Quaid, kaid or caïd, is a word meaning "commander" or "leader." It was a title in the Norman kingdom of Sicily, applied to palatine officials and members of the curia, usually to those who were Muslims or converts to Islam. The word entered the Latin language as gaitus or gaytus. Later the word was used in North Africa for the governor of a fortress or the warden of a prison, also in Spain and Portugal in the form with the definite article "alcayde" or "alcaide". It is also used as a male Arabic given name.
Fused grid
The fused grid is a street network pattern first proposed in 2002 and subsequently applied in Calgary, Alberta (2006) and Stratford, Ontario (2004). It represents a synthesis of two well known and extensively used network concepts: the "grid" and the "Radburn" pattern, derivatives of which are found in most city suburbs. Both concepts were conscious attempts to organize urban space for habitation. The grid was conceived and applied in the pre-automotive era of cities starting circa 2000 BC and prevailed until about 1900 AD. The Radburn pattern emerged in 1929 about thirty years following the invention of the internal combustion engine powered automobile and in anticipation of its eventual dominance as a means for mobility and transport. Both these patterns appear throughout North America. "Fused" refers to a systematic recombination of the essential characteristics of each of these two network patterns.

Walkability
In urban planning, walkability is the accessibility of amenities within a reasonable walking distance. This concept is based on the idea that urban spaces should serve purposes beyond mere transport corridors designed for maximum vehicle throughput. Instead, the objective should be to create relatively complete, livable spaces that serve a variety of uses, users, and transportation modes, thereby reducing the need for cars for travel. The first of the ten principles of New Urbanism is walkability.
Stoneyford, County Antrim
Stoneyford (also known as Stonyford) is a small village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is between Glenavy and Milltown, about 5 miles (8 km) north of Lisburn. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 318 people. It is situated in the Lisburn and Castlereagh City Council area.

Stoneyford originated as a small settlement, historically referred to as Aghnalough (from the Irish: Áth na gCloch). The Stoneyford River flows through the village from the east to Lough Neagh.

Locally significant buildings include St John's Church built pre-1850, which is a listed building, and a pre 1830 two-story dwelling situated on Stoneyford Road.

Milltown, County Antrim
Milltown is a small settlement in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is within the townland of Derriaghy, about one mile to the north of Lisburn. Once a rural village, it is now part of Greater Belfast. However, it is separated from the surrounding urban area by a narrow stretch of countryside. It had a population of 1,499 people (571 households) in the 2011 Census.

Milltown is a local service centre with facilities including retail units, the former Derriaghy Primary School, Christ Church, Church of Ireland and hall, Derriaghy Gospel Hall and a Community Centre. There is a railway halt in Derriaghy, to the east.
Great Commission Association of Churches
The Great Commission Association of Churches (GCC) was a fellowship of independent evangelical Christian churches founded from campus outreach activity begun in 1970; the GCC board voted to dissolve the association in 2020.

New Life Christian Fellowship
New Life Christian Fellowship (NLCF) is an evangelical Christian church in Blacksburg, Virginia that ministers to the Virginia Tech and New River Valley communities. An estimated 200 worshipers attend one of the church's three weekly gatherings, most of whom are college students attending services on the Virginia Tech campus.
Nasarawa State House of Assembly
The Nasarawa State House of Assembly is the unicameral legislature of Nasarawa State in Nigeria. The House of Assembly consists of 24 members, including a Speaker and Deputy Speaker. The legislature is seated in Lafia, the capital city of Nasarawa State.

Lafia
LafiaListenⓘ  is a city in Nigeria's North Central region. It is the capital and largest city of Nasarawa State, with a population of 509,300 inhabitants as of the 2021 census. And it's the Headquarter of Lafia Emirate Council.
WWSJ
WWSJ ("Joy 1580 & 100.3") is an AM radio station broadcasting from St. Johns, Michigan on 1580 kHz, featuring a black gospel format. The station transmits with 1,000 watts during the day using a directional antenna that sends the signal primarily to the north and south (including Lansing, Michigan). At night, it operates with a 3 watts.

In the summer of 2010, WWSJ began to simulcast on translator W262BD 100.3 FM licensed to Dimondale, Michigan, enabling it to get clearer FM coverage of the Lansing area day and night. W262BD operates with 22 watts from a transmitter in the heart of Lansing; despite being licensed to Dimondale, its primary signal contour does not actually reach Dimondale. W262BD is owned by Educational Media Foundation and had previously operated using EMF's Air 1 format; although EMF continues to own the translator, it is being programmed by the owners of WWSJ.

DeWitt, Michigan
DeWitt is a city in Clinton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,776 at the 2020 census.  The city is located north of Interstate 69 and west of U.S. Highway 127, just north of the city of Lansing.
Tragic Hero Records
Tragic Hero Records is an independent record label founded in Raleigh, North Carolina, in March 2005 to represent the growing metalcore and post-hardcore scene of North Carolina. The label was founded by Tommy LaCombe, David Varnedoe, and Jason Ganthner. Alesana was the first band the label signed. Among Tragic Hero's best-known signees are Motionless in White, who later signed with Fearless Records, and then with Roadrunner Records, Strawberry Girls and A Skylit Drive, who reached No. 64 on the Billboard 200; Alesana, who later signed with Fearless Records, Letlive, who later signed with Epitaph Records, The Afterimage, who broke up and reformed as Brand of Sacrifice, and He Is Legend, who signed with Tragic Hero after several successful full-lengths on other labels.

Fearless Records
Fearless Records is an American independent record label that was founded in 1994. Fearless is based in Culver City, California, and is best known for its early pop punk moments captured in the Fearless Flush Sampler and Punk Bites releases, as well as additional releases by bands such as Bigwig and Dynamite Boy; and later Sugarcult; Plain White T's; The Aquabats; Amely; and post-hardcore releases by At the Drive-In and Anatomy of a Ghost.  However, the label has experimented with different styles in recent years. Acts such as Blessthefall, Bloodywood, The Word Alive, Ice Nine Kills, Mayday Parade, Pierce The Veil, Starset, The Pretty Reckless, Underoath and The Color Morale have showcased post-hardcore, metalcore, hard rock and alternative rock bands that have emerged in recent years. Fearless Records' releases were distributed in the US by RED Distribution, but since Concord Music Group's purchase of the label in 2015, it has been distributed by Universal Music Group worldwide.
Toulouse railway network
The Toulouse railway network is a railway network in Toulouse metropolitan area in France. Established in 1856, with the opening of the Matabiau station (now Toulouse main station), it has six lines, or eight branches, arranged more or less in a star shape.

It is operated and managed by SNCF and serves 27 stations, including 12 inside the city of Toulouse.

LGV Bordeaux–Toulouse
The LGV Bordeaux–Toulouse is a 222 kilometre (138 mi) long future French high-speed rail line reserved for passenger traffic between Bordeaux and Toulouse. Its dual aim is:

to ensure high-speed service of the Toulouse region through an extension of the LGV Sud Europe Atlantique and reduce the journey time between Paris and Toulouse to slightly over 3 hours.

in a more distant and less defined future, to be part of a proposed "Southern Link", connecting the Atlantic and Mediterranean from Bordeaux to Nice via Toulouse, Montpellier and Marseille.

As of 2024, preliminary construction works started and the line is expected to be finished in 2032.
Eating live animals
Eating live animals is the practice of humans or other sentient species eating animals that are still alive. It is a traditional practice in many East Asian food cultures. Animals may also be eaten alive for shock value. Eating live animals, or parts of live animals, may be unlawful in certain jurisdictions under animal cruelty laws. Religious prohibitions on the eating of live animals by humans are also present in various world religions.

Odori ebi
Odori ebi (踊り海老/躍り海老, "dancing shrimp") is a sushi delicacy of Japan, and a form of sashimi. The sushi contains baby shrimp that are still alive and able to move their legs and antennae while being eaten. The meal is prepared quickly to keep the shrimp alive, and when it is eaten the shrimp are usually dunked into sake so as to intoxicate the shrimp, then into a special dipping sauce, and finally quickly chewed to kill it.

The shrimp can be served either whole or shelled with the head removed; the head and shell are sometimes quickly deep fried and served on the side.

Consuming uncooked shellfish may be a serious health hazard due to the risk of paragonimiasis.
Ribeira Grande de Santiago (stream)
Ribeira Grande de Santiago is a stream in the southern part of the island of Santiago in Cape Verde. In its upper part it is called Ribeira Cadacina. Its source is in the central mountain range of the island, near Monte Tchota, west of Rui Vaz, in the municipality of São Domingos. It flows towards the south, and joins the Atlantic Ocean in Cidade Velha. Villages along its course are Achada Loura, Salineiro and Calabaceira. A reservoir for irrigation was built near Salineiro in 2013.

Rui Vaz
Rui Vaz is a settlement in the central part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. In 2010 its population was 1,078. It is situated at 809 m elevation, 2 km south of São Jorge dos Órgãos and 4 km west of São Domingos. It is part of the  municipality of São Domingos.
Jurix
Jurix was an early Linux distribution created by Florian La Roche, a former employee of the legal department at Saarland University. The distribution was maintained between 1993 and 1999 and hosted on the now-defunct "jurix.jura.uni-sb.de" and "susix.jura.uni-sb.de" domains.

In 1996, jurix superseded Slackware as a base for SuSE Linux.

The name "jurix" was borrowed from the department's first HTTP server, named by Alexander Sigel. It is not known whether the name was taken from the nearby Dutch law and IT organisation JURIX, or simply a portmanteau of "Jura" (meaning "law" in German) and "Unix".

A readme from 1999 touts the following software, among others:

modularized kernel 2.0.37 and 2.2.10

libc 5.4.46

egcs 1.1.2

ncurses 4.2-980822

shadow passwords

XFree86 3.3.3.1

KDE 1.1.1

OpenSUSE
openSUSE ( /ˌoʊpənˈsuːzə/) is a free and open-source Linux distribution developed by the openSUSE Project. It is offered in two main variations: Tumbleweed, an upstream rolling release distribution, and Leap, a stable release distribution which is sourced from SUSE Linux Enterprise.

The openSUSE project is sponsored by SUSE of Germany; the company released the first version as SUSE Linux in 1994. Its development was opened up to the community in 2005, which marked the creation of openSUSE. The focus of the developers is on creating a stable and user-friendly RPM-based operating system with a large target group for workstations and servers.

Additionally, the project creates a variety of related tools, such as Agama, Myrlyn, YaST, Open Build Service, openQA, Snapper, Portus, KIWI, and OSEM.
Eupoa
Eupoa is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Originally known only from one species from Vietnam, several other species have been described since 1997, all from Asia.

Spiders of this genus have unusual pedipalps, and do probably not belong to the Salticoida, the main clade of jumping spiders. It is basal, but placement is not yet clear. Possibly Eupoa has branched from other basal groups like Lyssomaninae or Spartaeinae a long time ago.

Specimens of E. prima were collected from leaf litter.

Salticoida
Salticoida is an unranked clade of the jumping spider family Salticidae. It is the larger and more widespread of the two subdivisions of the "typical" jumping spiders (subfamily Salticinae), occurring effectively world-wide. Its sister clade is Amycoida, which is also very diverse ecologically but has a mostly South American distribution.
Tyberton
Tyberton or Tiberton is a village and civil parish 8 miles (13 km) west of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 178. The parish touches Blakemere, Madley, Peterchurch, Preston on Wye and Vowchurch. Tyberton shares a parish council with Blakemere, Bredwardine, Moccas and Preston-on-Wye called "Wyeside Group Parish Council".

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
The Helicopter Museum
The Helicopter Museum in Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset, England, is a museum featuring a collection of more than 80 helicopters and autogyros from around the world, both civilian and military. It is based at the southeastern corner of the former Weston-super-Mare RAF Base.

Gyrodyne QH-50 DASH
The Gyrodyne QH-50 DASH (Drone Anti-Submarine Helicopter) is a small drone helicopter built by Gyrodyne Company of America for use as a long-range anti-submarine weapon on ships that would otherwise be too small to operate a full-sized helicopter. It remained in production until 1969. Several are still used today for various land-based roles.
Manuel Echauri
Manuel Echauri Villaseñor (December 24, 1914 – June 29, 2001) was a Mexican artist and founding member of the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.

Echauri was born in Mexico City to Manuel Echauri and Josefina Villaseñor. In 1928, Echauri entered the Escuela de Pintura al Aire Libre in Tlalpan and later studied at the Academy of San Carlos under teachers such as Federico Cantú, Francisco Gutiérrez, Abelardo Ávila, Isidoro Ocampo, Alberto Beltrán, Lola Cueto and Carlos García Estrada. In addition to his painting, he was a teacher of fine arts, directing the Escuela de Pintura de Jalapa and collaborated with the Palacio de Bellas Artes with its educational programs. Echauri died in Mexico City at age 87 from cancer of the liver.  He was married for the first time with the painter and sculptor Esperanza Muñoz Hoffmann who died when she gave to birth their daughter Esperanza Echauri, his last wife was Emilia Román which died before him.

Alberto Beltrán
Alberto Beltrán García (born March 22, 1923, Mexico City, d. April 19, 2002, Mexico City) was a Mexican graphic artist and painter known principally for his work with publications such as illustrations and political cartoons but he created a number of murals as well. He was born in the rough neighborhood of Tepito and began drawing for local publishers when he was a teenager. He attended the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas where one of his teachers introduced him to the Taller de Gráfica Popular where he began his career in earnest. From the late 1940s until his death, he work with various publications, mostly newspapers, but he also did book illustrations as well. In his later career, he worked on a number of murals, especially in the state of Veracruz, which he had an affinity for. Despite winning a number of important awards for his work, he is relatively unknown even in Mexico, with collections of his work scattered among a number of institutions.
Caro Island
Caro Island is a 57 ha island in the Rauer archipelago of Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. The nearest permanent station is Australia's Davis Station, some 33 km to the north. The island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a colony of about 35,000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins (estimated from 2011 satellite imagery).

Rauer Islands
The Rauer Islands (68°51′S 77°50′E﻿ / ﻿68.850°S 77.833°E﻿ / -68.850; 77.833) are a group of rocky coastal islands which lie between Sorsdal Glacier Tongue and Ranvik Bay, in the southeast part of Prydz Bay. Discovered and roughly charted in February 1935 by a Norwegian expedition under Captain Klarius Mikkelsen (see Caroline Mikkelsen). He named them Rauer, probably after the island lying in Oslofjorden opposite Tønsberg, Norway.
Puerto Bolívar Airport
Puerto Bolívar Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Puerto Bolívar) (ICAO: SKPB) is a private airport in the Guajira Department of Colombia. The closest city is Uribia. It is located next to the Cerrejón coal terminal and only serves the workers of the area. Only private sector aircraft and Colombia's Aerocivil land at Puerto Bolivar. No commercial airlines serve the airport and it is mostly empty.

The Puerto Bolivar non-directional beacon (Ident: PBL) is located 1.3 nautical miles (2.4 km) off the approach end of Runway 09. The Portete non-directional beacon (Ident: PTE) is located 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) off the approach end of Runway 27.

Non-directional beacon
A non-directional beacon (NDB) or non-directional radio beacon is a radio beacon which does not include inherent directional information. Radio beacons are radio transmitters at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. NDB are in contrast to directional radio beacons and other navigational aids, such as low-frequency radio range, VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and tactical air navigation system (TACAN).

NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, NDB signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range. The system, developed by United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain Albert Francis Hegenberger, was used to fly the world's first instrument approach on May 9, 1932.
Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler, known system. The idea is to start with a simple system for which a mathematical solution is known (e.g. the time-independent Schrödinger equation: ) and add an additional "perturbing" Hamiltonian () representing a weak disturbance to the known system to the original Hamiltonian () of the known system (i.e. ). If the disturbance is small, the new energy levels and eigenstates of the perturbed system can be expressed as "corrections" to the known energy levels and eigenstates of the simpler system. These corrections can be made at progressively smaller orders of magnitude until an n-th order that is so small a correction that it is negligible to the accuracy of the approximation.

Spectral line
A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum. It may result from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules. These "fingerprints" can be compared to the previously collected ones of atoms and molecules, and are thus used to identify the atomic and molecular components of stars and planets, which would otherwise be impossible.
Bedford Falls Productions
Bedford Falls Productions or The Bedford Falls Company is an American production company founded in 1985 by Marshall Herskovitz and Edward Zwick. Under the banner, they created television shows like Thirtysomething, Once and Again, and My So-called Life produced movies Legends of the Fall, Blood Diamond and the Academy Award-winning films Shakespeare in Love and Traffic.

In honor of the It's a Wonderful Life (1946), the Bedford Falls Company was named after the fictional town, and an overhead view of a facsimile of the Bailey household appears in the production logo, which also features a couple of people singing the last line of "Buffalo Gals" (a song featured in the movie), "...and dance by the light of the moon."

Quarterlife
Quarterlife (stylized as quarterlife) is an American web series, also briefly an NBC television series in 2008, created by Marshall Herskovitz and Edward Zwick, the creators of Thirtysomething and Once and Again, and producers of My So-Called Life.  The show is about a group of twenty-something artists who are coming of age in the digital generation.

Following the dismal reception of the premiere episode of the NBC television show as it coincided with a televised democratic primary debate with President Obama and Hillary Clinton, the other five episodes were aired in a marathon on NBC Universal sibling channel Bravo on March 9, making Quarterlife one of the few television shows to be canceled after one episode.

The regular cast included Bitsie Tulloch, Kevin Christy, Mike Faiola, Scott Michael Foster, Michelle Lombardo, Maïté Schwartz, and David Walton.