hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gnomon
A gnomon (/ˈnoʊˌmɒn, -mən/; from Ancient Greek  γνώμων (gnṓmōn) 'one that knows or examines') is the part of a sundial that casts a shadow. The term is used for a variety of purposes in mathematics and other fields, typically to measure directions, position, or time.

Figurate number
The term figurate number is used by different writers for members of different sets of numbers, generalizing from triangular numbers to different shapes (polygonal numbers) and different dimensions (polyhedral numbers). The ancient Greek mathematicians already considered triangular numbers, polygonal numbers, tetrahedral numbers, and pyramidal numbers, and subsequent mathematicians have included other classes of these numbers including numbers defined from other types of polyhedra and from their analogs in other dimensions.
History of Ashland, Kentucky
Ashland is a city in north-eastern Kentucky. Prior to European colonization, it was home to the Adena culture, Hopewell culture, Armstrong culture, and Fort Ancient Native American groups, and later the Shawnee. European settlement by Scots-Irish Americans began in 1783. In 1800, iron deposits were discovered in Ashland, which would lead to an influx of industry over the next two centuries. In the 21st century, city growth has spilled into neighboring areas, technically outside of city-limits, and the industrial economy has shrunk alongside expansions in the services sector.

In 2006, Ashland was home to a sexual assault scandal in which more than a dozen officers were accused of having sex with a detainee while on duty.

Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (reporting marks C&O, CO) was a Class I railroad formed in 1869 in Virginia from several smaller Virginia railroads begun in the 19th century. Led by industrialist Collis Potter Huntington, it reached from Virginia's capital city of Richmond to the Ohio River by 1873, where the railroad town (and later city) of Huntington, West Virginia, was named for him.
2011 Aircel Chennai Open – Singles qualifying
The 2011 Aircel Chennai Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 16th edition of the Chennai Open, and part of the 250 series of the 2011 ATP World Tour. It took place at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai, India, from 3 January through 9 January 2011.

2011 ATP World Tour
The 2011 ATP World Tour was the elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2011 season. It was the 42nd edition of the tour and the calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the ATP World Team Championship, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2011 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points, and is organized by the ITF.

In singles, Novak Djokovic dominated the season. He won ten tournaments, including three Grand Slam (Australian Open, Wimbledon Championships and the US Open), and five Masters Series 1000 titles (Indian Wells, Miami, Madrid, Rome and Canada). He ended the year with a 6–0 record against Rafael Nadal and a 4–1 record against Roger Federer.
Dr. Sex
Dr. Sex (also known as Dr. S- in the United States) is a 1964 American film directed by Ted V. Mikels, from a screenplay by Mikels and Wayne Rogers, who both also produced the film. The film follows three sexologists who discuss their strangest cases. Mikels said the film was originally called The Doctors and was based on an idea of Rogers', who had been impressed by Mikels' first film, Strike Me Deadly.

Strike Me Deadly
Strike Me Deadly is a 1963 American thriller film written and directed by Ted V. Mikels in his directorial debut, and starring Gary Clarke, Jeannine Riley, and Steve Ihnat. Its plot follows a man and his wife who, after witnessing a murder, are stalked by a killer in a forest during a raging storm.

Mikels later commented on the film: "My kids say it's the best picture I ever made."
Primula hortensis
Primula hortensis is a name which has been applied to various hybrids in the genus Primula, e.g. to Primula × polyantha Mill. by Focke and to Primula × pubescens by Wittstein. The name Primula hortensis is not an accepted taxon name, however.

Primula
Primula (/ˈprɪmjʊlə/) is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. They include the primrose (P. vulgaris), a familiar wildflower of banks and verges. Other common species are P. auricula (auricula), P. veris (cowslip), and P. elatior (oxlip). These species and many others are valued for their ornamental flowers. They have been extensively cultivated and hybridised (in the case of the primrose, for many hundreds of years). Primula are native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical mountains in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and New Guinea, and in temperate southern South America. Almost half of the known species are from the Himalayas.

Primula has over 500 species in traditional treatments, and more if certain related genera are included within its circumscription.
Đàn tính
The đàn tính, or tính tẩu (gourd lute), is a stringed musical instrument from tianqin (Chinese: 天琴; pinyin: Tiān qín of Zhuang people in China, imported to Vietnam by the Tày people of Lạng Sơn Province in Vietnam. Although "tính tẩu" originated as a Tày word, both names are used in Vietnamese.

The instrument has from two to four strings in from two to four courses. The strings are made of silk, nylon or fishing wire. It is used by shamans in séances in the hope that it will be animated by spirits.

In 2007, Vietnam's Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism submitted a plan to promote the instrument, as well as the "Then" style of singing that it often accompanies. A seminar recommended that traditional songs be transcribed and recordings made, and that local art schools provide instruction in this type of music.

Course (music)
In organology, a course is either one string or two or more adjacent strings that are closely spaced relative to the other strings, and typically played as a single string. The strings in each multiple-string course are typically tuned in unison or an octave.

Normally, the term course is used to refer to a single string only on an instrument that also has multi-string courses. For example, a nine-string baroque guitar has five courses: most are two-string courses but sometimes the lowest or the highest consists of a single string.

An instrument with at least one multiple-string course is referred to as coursed, while one whose strings are all played individually is uncoursed.
Politics of Kanagawa
Politics of Kanagawa, as in all prefectures of Japan, takes place in the framework of local autonomy that is guaranteed by the Constitution and laid out in the Local Autonomy Law. The administration is headed by a governor directly elected by the people every four years in first-past-the-post elections. Legislation, the budget and the approval of personnel appointments, including the (in Kanagawa: three) vice governors, are handled by the prefectural assembly that is directly elected by the people every four years by single-non transferable vote.

Kanagawa is one of the most populous prefectures, second only to neighbouring Tokyo, and the only prefecture to contain three designated cities, among them the prefectural capital of Yokohama, the largest city of Japan.

2011 Japanese unified local elections
The 17th unified local elections (第17回統一地方選挙, dai-jūnana-kai tōitsu chihō senkyo) in Japan took place in April 2011. In the first phase on April 10, 2011, 12 governors, 41 prefectural assemblies as well as five mayors and 15 assemblies in cities designated by government ordinance were elected. In the second phase on April 24, 2011, mayors and assemblies in hundreds of cities, "special wards" of Tokyo, towns, and villages were up for election. Additionally, a by-election for the National Diet was held in Aichi on April 24.

Among the elections that attracted national attention in 2011 were the gubernatorial races in Tokyo and Kanagawa and the prefectural assembly elections in Aichi and Osaka, in which new local parties threatened the position of established parties.
All Saints Church, Berrington
All Saints Church is in the village of Berrington, Shropshire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Condover, the archdeaconry of Ludlow, and the diocese of Hereford. Its benefice is united with those of twelve other parishes to form the Wenlock Team of Parishes.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Diocese of Hereford
The Diocese of Hereford is a Church of England diocese based in Hereford, covering Herefordshire, southern Shropshire and a few parishes within Worcestershire in England, and a few parishes within Powys and Monmouthshire in Wales. The cathedral is Hereford Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Hereford. The diocese is one of the oldest in England (created in 676 and based on the minor sub-kingdom of the Magonsæte) and is part of the Province of Canterbury.
Feasterville-Trevose, Pennsylvania
Feasterville-Trevose is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Lower Southampton Township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The population was 6,525 at the 2000 census. The ZIP code 19053 is reserved exclusively for Feasterville-Trevose But since Langhorne Post Office Delivers the Mail there, People can write Langhorne as their City and still get their Mail. The area was separated into two CDPs in the 2010 census:  Feasterville and Trevose.

The Feasterville-Trevose CDP referred to by the U.S. Census Bureau encompasses a portion of Lower Southampton Township, but other sections of the township to the west and south are commonly considered parts of Feasterville, while the community of Trevose extends into Bensalem Township. Lower Southampton Township to the north and is serviced by the Langhorne Post Office. The CDP is actually a relatively densely populated residential area between the two communities' central business districts.

National Collegiate Roller Hockey Association
The National Collegiate Roller Hockey Association (NCRHA) is an "incorporated not-for-profit corporation" which operates a national collegiate inline hockey league consisting of five divisions of competition (Division I, Division II, Division III, Junior College Division and AA Division). Headquartered in Torrance, California, the NCRHA is the national governing body of college inline hockey. The National Collegiate Roller Hockey Championships is held annually to determine the national champions at the end of each season.

The league was organized on August 1, 2003, after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization, the Collegiate Roller Hockey League (CRHL), which had been founded in 1998. The NCRHA draws many highly skilled players from all over the United States. The NCRHA is not affiliated with the governing body of most college athletics, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
2017–18 Kategoria e Dytë
The 2017–18 Kategoria e Dytë was the 48th official season of the Albanian football third division since its establishment. There were 28 teams competing this season, split into 2 groups, each with 14 teams. The winners of the groups played the league's final against each other and also gained promotion to the 2018-19 Albanian First Division. The runners-up qualified for the play-off round which they played against the 9th ranked teams in the 2017-18 Kategoria e Parë. Elbasani, Oriku, Veleçiku  and Vora were promoted to the 2018-19 Kategoria e Parë. Domozdova was relegated to the 2019 Kategoria e Tretë. Vora won their first Kategoria e Dytë title after beating Elbasani in the final match.

Kategoria e Parë
Kategoria e Parë is the second tier of professional football in Albania, positioned below Kategoria Superiore and above Kategoria e Dytë.

Established in 1930, the league comprises 12 teams. The top two teams earn direct promotion to Kategoria Superiore, while the teams ranked 3rd to 6th enter a playoff tournament.

The winner faces the 8th-placed team from Kategoria Superiore in a promotion play-off match. At the other end of the table, the bottom two teams are relegated to Kategoria e Dytë, while the teams finishing 9th and 10th must compete in a relegation play-off to retain their spot in the league.
Wrexham A.F.C. Women
Wrexham Association Football Club Women (Welsh: Merched Clwb Pêl-droed Cymdeithas Wrecsam), formerly known as NEWI Wrexham Ladies and Wrexham Ladies F.C., is a Welsh semi-professional women's football club that competes in the Adran Premier, the first-tier of women's football in Wales.

Since 2009 and after their reformation in 2018, the club has been affiliated with Wrexham A.F.C., which competes in EFL Championship, the second division of English football. As NEWI Wrexham Ladies, they helped found the North Wales Women's Football League in 2003 and as Wrexham Ladies F.C. the Welsh Premier Women's League in 2009.

The New Saints F.C.
The New Saints of Oswestry Town & Llansantffraid Football Club, commonly known as The New Saints (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed y Seintiau Newydd) or TNS FC are a professional football club that play in the Cymru Premier, part of the Welsh football system, but are based completely within England, in Oswestry, Shropshire.

They are the most successful club in the Welsh league structure, with 17 league titles to their name. Since the 2001–02 season, they have finished as champions or runners-up in every season, apart from 2008–09, where they finished third in the league. They became the first side playing in the Welsh league system to qualify for the group or league stage of any European competition after reaching the league phase of the UEFA Conference League for the first time in the 2024–25 season.
1987–88 Ronchetti Cup
The 1987–88 Ronchetti Cup was the 17th edition of FIBA's second-tier competition for European women's basketball clubs. It was contested by 34 teams from 17 countries (two more teams and three more countries than the previous edition), and ran from 23 September 1987 to 3 March 1988. Dynamo Kyiv defeated 100–83 previous year's runner-up Deborah Milano in the final, played in Athens, to become the sixth Soviet champion of the competition. It was the fourth edition in a row won by different Soviet teams. 4-times champion Spartak Leningrad and Slavia Prague also reached the semifinals.

1986–87 Ronchetti Cup
The 1986–87 Ronchetti Cup was the 16th edition of FIBA's second-tier competition for European women's basketball clubs. It was contested by 32 clubs from 14 countries, seven more than in the previous edition, and ran from 1 October 1986 to 11 March 1987. The final was played in France, in the Alsacian town of Wittenheim, and confronted 18-times European champion Daugava Riga and Italian vice-champion Deborah Milano. The former won 87–80, thus becoming the fifth Soviet club to win the competition. Iskra Ljubljana and VŠ Prague also reached the semifinals.
Kalmeshwar railway station
Kalmeshwar railway station is a railway station of Bhopal–Nagpur section under Nagpur CR railway division of West Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. The station is situated at Kalmeshwar in Nagpur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Nagpur CR railway division
Nagpur CR railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1867 and its headquarter is located at Nagpur in the state of Maharashtra of India. It covers an East part of the state of Maharashtra and small part of Southern Madhya Pradesh.

Bhusawal railway division,  Solapur railway division,  Mumbai CR railway division, and Pune railway division are the other  railway divisions under CR Zone headquartered at  Mumbai CST.
Heber (hills)
The Heber is a hogback ridge, relatively small in area and up to 313.5 metres high, in the Lower Saxon Hills within the districts of Goslar, Northeim and Hildesheim in the German state of Lower Saxony.

Goslar (district)
Goslar (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔslaʁ]) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Göttingen, Northeim, Hildesheim and Wolfenbüttel, the city of Salzgitter, and by the states of Saxony-Anhalt (district of Harz) and Thuringia (Nordhausen).
Ampichino
Anthony Deon Hunt (born 1976), better known by his stage name Ampichino or Amp, is an American rapper and producer from Akron, Ohio. His 2002 single "Do the Damn Thang" featuring Yukmouth peaked at #15 on the Hot Rap Songs and Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Ampichino is a member of the group the Regime and the collaborative effort Devilz Rejectz with The Jacka of Mob Figaz.

The Jacka
Shaheed Akbar (born Dominick Newton; August 12, 1977 – February 2, 2015), better known by his stage name The Jacka, was an American rapper from Pittsburg, California. He began his career as part of the rap group Mob Figaz.
Peninsula Temple Sholom
Peninsula Temple Sholom (abbreviated as PTS) is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue in Burlingame, California, in the United States.  Founded in 1955, and  the congregation has expanded its facilities over the years to include a social hall, a religious school and a preschool.

Burlingame, California
Burlingame (/ˈbɜːrlɪŋɡeɪm/) is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula and has a significant shoreline on San Francisco Bay. The city is named after diplomat Anson Burlingame. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 31,386.
Ecclesiastical judge
Within the Catholic Church, an ecclesiastical judge (Latin: judex, or judex ecclesiasticus) is an ecclesiastical person who possesses ecclesiastical jurisdiction either in general or in the strict sense. The judge presides over all baptized persons within their jurisdiction.

Ecclesiastical court
In organized Christianity, an ecclesiastical court, also called court Christian or court spiritual, is any of certain non-adversarial courts conducted by church-approved officials having jurisdiction mainly in spiritual or religious matters. Historically, they interpret or apply canon law. One of its primary bases was the Corpus Juris Civilis of Justinian, which is also considered the source of the civil law legal tradition.

In the United Kingdom, secular courts that took over the functions of the ecclesiastic courts, e.g. in family law, are still known as courts ecclesiastical as distinct from courts temporal.
Gulab Jung Shah
Gulab Jung Shah (Nepali: गुलावजँग शाह) is a Nepalese politician from Karnali Province. He is a member of Provincial Assembly of Karnali Province belonging to the CPN (UML). Shah, a resident of Bangad Kupinde, was elected via 2017 Nepalese provincial elections from Salyan 1(A) constituency. He was appointed the Chief Whip of CPN (UML) and also the party co-incharge for Salyan District, Nepal since 2019. Later, the ruling parliamentary party leader and former Chief minister of Karnali Province, Mahendra Bahadur Shahi has removed him as the party's chief whip in 2020.

Mahendra Bahadur Shahi
Mahendra Bahadur Shahi (Nepali: महेन्द्र बहादुर शाही) is a Nepalese politician and former Chief Minister of Karnali, a province in western Nepal. He was a member of  1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly and was Minister of Energy, Nepal. He was unanimously selected as the Parliamentary Party leader of the CPN (MC) for Karnali on 14 February 2018.

He was appointed as the chief minister, according to Article 168 (1) of the Constitution of Nepal and took the oath of his office and secrecy as a chief minister on 17 February 2018.
Sorbian alphabet
The Sorbian alphabet is based on the ISO basic Latin alphabet but uses diacritics such as the acute accent and the caron, making it similar to the Czech and Polish alphabets. (This mixture is also found in the Belarusian Latin alphabet.) The standard character encoding for the Sorbian alphabet is ISO 8859-2 (Latin-2).

The alphabet is used for the Sorbian languages, although some letters are used in only one of the two languages (Upper Sorbian and Lower Sorbian).

ISO basic Latin alphabet
The ISO basic Latin alphabet is an international standard (beginning with ISO/IEC 646) for a Latin-script alphabet that consists of two sets (uppercase and lowercase) of 26 letters, codified in various national and international standards and used widely in international communication.   They are the same letters that comprise the current English alphabet. Since medieval times, they are also the same letters of the modern Latin alphabet. The order is also important for sorting words into alphabetical order.

The two sets contain the following 26 letters each:
Loes Geurts
Loes Geurts (Dutch pronunciation: [lus ˈxøːrts]; born 12 January 1986) is a Dutch former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Since making her international debut in 2005, Geurts has collected over 100 caps for the Netherlands national team. She kept goal for the Netherlands at the 2009 and 2013 editions of the UEFA Women's Championship.

UEFA Women's Euro 2017
The 2017 UEFA European Women's Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Women's Euro 2017, was the 12th edition of the UEFA Women's Championship, the quadrennial international football championship organised by UEFA for the women's national teams of Europe. The competition was expanded to 16 teams (from 12 teams in the previous edition).

The Netherlands was chosen to host the tournament by the UEFA Executive Committee on 4 December 2014.

Germany's 22-year reign as champions of Europe was ended after losing 1–2 to Denmark in the quarter-finals. It was only Germany's second loss in the tournament since 1993. Another former winner, Norway, lost to both finalists, the Netherlands and Denmark, and ended without any goals or points.

The Netherlands won their first ever title since the men's UEFA Euro 1988 by beating fellow first time finalists Denmark 4–2 in the final.

Austria, Belgium, Portugal, Scotland and Switzerland made their debuts at the tournament.
Tagamõisa, Viljandi County
Tagamõisa is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. Tagamõisa is located 26 km (16 miles) southeast of the town of Viljandi, 9.4 km (5 miles) southwest of the small borough of Mustla, near the southern Viljandi County and Valga County borders. Neighboring villages include Ämmuste, Anikatsi and Roosilla. Tagamõisa had a population of 27 as of 2011, a decrease from 37 in the 2000 census.

Anikatsi
Anikatsi is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities, the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. Anikatsi is located 35 km (21 miles) southeast of the town of Viljandi and 3 km (2 miles) west of the village of Kärstna. As of 2011, the population of Anikatsi was 102.

The village of Anikatsi is first recorded in German chronicles as Anikatz. Other archaic variations of the village name that were recorded have been Hannikaste (1624), Hannikast (1638), and Annikats (1797).
Opostegoides menthinella
Opostegoides menthinella is a moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described from Corsica, and is also known from Spain, mainland France, Sardinia, Greece and Tunisia. It has been recorded from Portugal for the first time in 2010.

The larvae possibly feed on Cistus species.

Opostegidae
Opostegidae or "white eyecap moths" is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera that is characterised by particularly large eyecaps over the compound eyes (see also Nepticulidae, Bucculatricidae, Lyonetiidae). Opostegidae are most diverse in the New World tropics (83 described species, representing 42% of the world total).

These small, whitish moths are probably miners in plant stems. Examples of host plants used in Europe are Lycopus, Mentha and Rumex, but their biology is poorly known. The subfamily Oposteginae comprises 87 described species and Opostegoidinae includes 15 described species.