hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Publius Antistius
Publius Antistius (c. 124 BC – 82 BC) was a Roman orator and senator. As tribune of the plebs in 88 BC, he rose from poorly regarded obscurity to prominence by delivering an exceptionally good speech in opposition to the irregular candidacy of a prominent senator to the consulship. In 86 BC, Antistius presided over a sham court which acquitted Pompey of a charge of embezzlement, and afterwards married his daughter to him. He adopted a careful political stance during the civil wars of the 80s BC, but was murdered by partisans of Marius at a senate meeting for suspected sympathy to the opposing faction of Sulla.

Sulla's civil war
Sulla's civil war was fought between the Roman general Sulla and his opponents, the Cinna-Marius faction (usually called the Marians or the Cinnans after their former leaders Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna), in the years 83–82 BC. The war ended with a decisive battle just outside Rome itself. After the war the victorious Sulla made himself dictator of the Roman Republic.
Henry McBride (art critic)
Henry McBride (July 25, 1867 – March 31, 1962) was an American art critic known for his support of modern artists, both European and American, in the first half of the twentieth century. As a writer during the 1920s for the newspaper The New York Sun and the avant-garde magazine The Dial, McBride became one of the most influential supporters of modern art in his time. He also wrote for Creative Art (1928-1932) and Art News (1950-1959). Living to be ninety-five, McBride was born in the era of Winslow Homer and the Hudson River School and lived to see the rise of Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, and the New York School.

Marcel Duchamp
Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (UK: /ˈdjuːʃɒ̃/, US: /djuːˈʃɒ̃, djuːˈʃɑːmp/; French: [maʁsɛl dyʃɑ̃]; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French American artist, chess player, and inventor who played a key role in the development of the avant-garde in the United States and in New York City, where he spent the last 25 years of his life.

Duchamp was the first artist to elevate a toilet to the status of an art form. By the time of World War I, he had rejected the work of many of his fellow artists (such as Henri Matisse) as "retinal," intended only to please the eye. Instead, he wanted to use art to serve the mind. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, as one of the three artists who helped to establish the post-industrial perspective in art history, and  his work is considered the progenitor of Conceptual art.
Ed Garvey
Edward Robert Garvey (April 18, 1940 – February 22, 2017) was an American lawyer, activist, and Democratic politician from Wisconsin.  He was executive director of the National Football League Players Association (players' union) from 1971 to 1983.  He also ran unsuccessfully for United States Senate (1986 and 1988) and Governor of Wisconsin (1998).  Later in life he organized the first "Fighting Bob Fest", an annual gathering of progressive activists in Wisconsin.

John Mackey (American football)
John Mackey (September 24, 1941 – July 6, 2011) was an American professional football player who was a tight end for the Baltimore Colts and the San Diego Chargers. He was born in Roosevelt, New York, and attended Syracuse University. He was the first president of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) following the AFL-NFL merger, serving from 1970 to 1973. Mackey was also a major reason the NFLPA created the "88 Plan", which financially supports ex-players who required living assistance in later years.

A five-time Pro Bowler, Mackey was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1992, the second pure tight end elected and is widely regarded as one of the greatest tight ends ever.
Bayterek District
Bayterek (Kazakh: Бәйтерек ауданы, Bäiterek audany), previously Zelenov is a district of West Kazakhstan Region in western Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Peremyotnoye. Population: 54,831 (2013 estimate); 55,420 (2009 census results); 56,611 (1999 census results).

West Kazakhstan Region
West Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan. As of 1 August 2025, it had a population of 695,900. Its administrative centre is Oral (also known as Uralsk), a city of about 250,000 inhabitants.

The region was created as West Kazakhstan Oblast in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic during the Soviet-era. Between 1962 and 1992, it was named Uralsk Oblast. It was renamed in 1993 following the independence of Kazakhstan from the Soviet Union.
Al-Bayda, Hama
Al-Bayda (Arabic: البيضا) is a village in northwestern Syria located west of Hama, 95 km (59 mi) southeast of the port city of Latakia, and 210 km (130 mi) north of Damascus. It is administratively part of the Hama Governorate. Nearby localities include Masyaf 2 kilometers to the north, al-Suwaydah to the southeast, Ayn Halaqim to the south, and Wadi al-Oyun to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Bayda had a population of 1,173 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are almost exclusively Greek Orthodox Christians.

Al-Suwaydah, Masyaf
As-Suwayda (Arabic: السويدة, also spelled Soweideh or Sweideh or Swaida) is a Syrian village located in the Masyaf Subdistrict in Masyaf District, located west of Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), As-Suwayda had a population of 2,703 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
Volkswagen Golf Mk6
The Volkswagen Golf Mk6 (code named Typ 5K) is a compact car and the sixth generation of the Volkswagen Golf. The Volkswagen Golf Mk6 is the successor to the Volkswagen Golf Mk5 and It was unveiled at the Paris Motor Show in October 2008 for the 2009 model year.

The new model was largely based on its predecessor, the Golf Mk5, and was effectively a re-engineered facelift of the previous model. In January 2013, it was superseded by the Volkswagen Golf Mk7, which was built on the newly assembled MQB platform.

Straight-five engine
The straight-five engine (also referred to as an inline-five engine; abbreviated I5 or L5) is a piston engine with five cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankshaft.

Although less common than straight-four engines and straight-six engines, straight-five engine designs have been used by automobile manufacturers since the late 1930s.  The most notable examples include the Mercedes Benz's diesel engines from 1974 to 2006 and Audi's petrol engines from 1979 to the present. Straight-five engines are smoother running than straight-four engines and shorter than straight-six engines. However, achieving consistent fueling across all cylinders was problematic prior to the adoption of fuel injection.
Restricted product
In mathematics, the restricted product is a construction in the theory of topological groups.

Let  be an index set;  a finite subset of . If  is a locally compact group for each , and  is an open compact subgroup for each , then the restricted product

is the subset of the product of the 's consisting of all elements  such that  for all but finitely many .

This group is given the topology whose basis of open sets are those of the form

where  is open in  and  for all but finitely many .

One can easily prove that the restricted product is itself a locally compact group. The best known example of this construction is that of the adele ring and idele group of a global field.

Compact group
In mathematics, a compact (topological) group is a topological group whose topology realizes it as a compact topological space. Compact groups are a natural generalization of finite groups with the discrete topology and have properties that carry over in significant fashion. Compact groups have a well-understood theory, in relation to group actions and representation theory.

In the following we will assume all groups are Hausdorff spaces.
Cocycle
In mathematics a cocycle is a closed cochain.  Cocycles are used in algebraic topology to express obstructions (for example, to integrating a differential equation on a closed manifold).  They are likewise used in group cohomology.  In autonomous dynamical systems, cocycles are used to describe particular kinds of map, as in Oseledets theorem.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
2014 FA Trophy final
The 2014 FA Trophy Final was the 45th final of the Football Association's cup competition for levels 5–8 of the English football league system. The match was contested between Cambridge United of the Conference Premier and Gosport Borough of the Conference South. Neither team had been in the final before: this was only the third time that Gosport had reached the "proper" rounds of the Trophy, and were playing at Wembley Stadium for the first time in their history, while Cambridge were playing there for the first time since 2009, when they lost the Conference play-off final to Torquay United.

Cambridge United defeated Salisbury City, St Albans City, Luton Town, Eastleigh and Grimsby Town en route to the Final.

Gosport Borough defeated Dorchester Town, Concord Rangers, Nuneaton Town, Hungerford Town, North Ferriby United and Havant & Waterlooville en route to the Final.

Cambridge won the game 4–0.

2013–14 FA Trophy
The 2013–14 FA Trophy was the 44th season of the FA Trophy, the Football Association's cup competition for teams at levels 5–8 of the English football league system. A total of 276 clubs entered the competition, which was won by Cambridge United, who beat Gosport Borough 4–0 in front of 18,120 spectators at Wembley.
Oxford University Polo Club
The Oxford University Polo Club (often referred to as OUPC) is the Discretionary Full Blue sports club for competitive polo at Oxford University. Founded in 1874, it is one of the four oldest continuing polo clubs worldwide. Its annual Varsity Match against Cambridge University Polo Club, established in 1878, is the second oldest continuing polo fixture in the Western world. It is played at Guards Polo Club, England, usually at the beginning of June.

The last Varsity Match won by Oxford was in 2025, defeating Cambridge 5–2.

A Winter Varsity has also been created due to the growth in Arena Polo. Oxford won the Winter Varsity title in 2022, by 21-0, the biggest varsity win in the club history.

Redmond Watt
General Sir Charles Redmond "Reddy" Watt, KCB, KCVO, CBE, DL (born 1950) is a retired senior British Army officer who served as Commander-in-Chief, Land Command from 2006 to 2008. He was also the Governor of the Royal Hospital Chelsea from 2011 to 2018.
King (crater)
King is a prominent lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, and can not be viewed directly from Earth. The crater was named after Arthur Scott King and Edward Skinner King in 1970. Prior to that, this crater was known as Crater 211. It forms a pair with Ibn Firnas, which is only slightly larger and is attached to the northeast rim of King. To the northwest is the crater Lobachevskiy, and Guyot is located an equal distance to the north-northwest.

Guyot (crater)
Guyot is a lunar impact crater on the Moon's far side. It is separated from the crater Kostinskiy to the northeast by only a few kilometers of rough terrain. To the west-southwest lies the crater Lobachevskiy and to the east-southeast is Ostwald.

This is a worn and eroded crater with an outer rim that has been somewhat distorted in shape due to nearby impacts. Several small craterlets lie along the rim and the sides. The interior floor has also been marked by impacts, including an eroded formation occupying the northwestern portion.

The crater is named after the Swiss-born American geographer and geologist Arnold Henry Guyot. Prior to naming in 1970 by the IAU, this crater was known as Crater 208.
Newborough, Staffordshire
Newborough is a village and civil parish in the county of Staffordshire, England. It is located 3 miles (5 km) south west of Hanbury and 8 miles (13 km) west of Burton-upon-Trent. Newborough has a pub, a school and a church. At the 2011 UK census, the population stood at 476, comprising 240 males and 236 females. Newborough is part of the Yoxall ward of East Staffordshire.

East Staffordshire
East Staffordshire is a local government district with borough status in Staffordshire, England. The council is based in Burton upon Trent. The borough also contains the town of Uttoxeter and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Lichfield, Stafford, Staffordshire Moorlands, Derbyshire Dales and South Derbyshire.
Guadalajara Open Akron
The Guadalajara Open (also known as the GDL Open Akron presented by Santander for sponsorship reasons) is a professional women's tennis tournament held in Zapopan, Mexico (Guadalajara metro area). It takes place on outdoor hardcourts at the Panamerican Tennis Center, and is held in the fall. It was part of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour from 2022 until 2023, due to the vacancy in the calendar. After successfully staging the 2021 WTA Finals in Guadalajara, the WTA rewarded the tournament organizers with the 1000-level event. The tournament was held as a replacement for the Wuhan Open. In 2024, the tournament was downgraded to a WTA 500 as Wuhan made its return to the Tour.

WTA 500 tournaments
WTA 500 tournaments is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 500 tournaments' prize money was approximately $500,000. Since then, prize money awarded by WTA 500 events has grown less uniform, with one tournament's prize money rising to as much as $1.5 million.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 500. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 250 for winning a WTA 250 tournament.
Coladenia buchananii
Coladenia buchananii is a species of spread-winged skipper butterflies. It is found in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and China.

The length of the forewings is 22.5 mm for both males and females. The forewings are dark brown with white spots. The hindwings are dark brown, the basal area covered with hairs and the discal area with a series of black spots.

Spread-winged skipper
Pyrginae, commonly known as spread-winged skippers, are a subfamily of the skipper butterfly family (Hesperiidae). The subfamily was established by Hermann Burmeister in 1878. Their delimitation and internal systematics has changed considerably in recent years with the most recent review being in 2019.

It still is the second-largest subfamily of skipper butterflies, although of its over 1,000 species a considerable number are no longer in that classification.
Motor coordination
In physiology, motor coordination is the orchestrated movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions, like walking. This coordination is achieved by adjusting kinematic and kinetic parameters associated with each body part involved in the intended movement. The modifications of these parameters typically relies on sensory feedback from one or more sensory modalities (see multisensory integration), such as proprioception and vision.

Kinesiology
Kinesiology (from Ancient Greek  κίνησις (kínēsis) 'movement' and  -λογία -logía 'study of') is the scientific study of human body movement. Kinesiology addresses physiological, anatomical, biomechanical, pathological, neuropsychological principles and mechanisms of movement. Applications of kinesiology to human health include biomechanics and orthopedics; strength and conditioning; sport psychology; motor control; skill acquisition and motor learning; methods of rehabilitation, such as physical and occupational therapy; and sport and exercise physiology. Studies of human and animal motion include measures from motion tracking systems, electrophysiology of muscle and brain activity, various methods for monitoring physiological function, and other behavioral and cognitive research techniques.
2018 New York Excelsior season
The 2018 New York Excelsior season was the first season of New York Excelsior's existence in the Overwatch League. The team finished the league-leading regular season record of 34–6.

New York qualified for all four of the Stage Playoffs. The team lost in the Stage 1 finals to the London Spitfire, won in the Stage 2 finals against Philadelphia Fusion, won in the Stage 3 finals against Boston Uprising, and lost in the Stage 4 finals against the Los Angeles Valiant. The team also qualified for the Season Playoffs, but lost to the Philadelphia Fusion in the semifinals.

London Spitfire
London Spitfire was a professional Overwatch team based in London, England. The Spitfire competed in the Overwatch League (OWL) as a member of the league's West region. Founded in 2017, London Spitfire was one of the league's twelve founding members and was the only professional Overwatch team representing a European city. The team was owned by Jack Etienne and the esports organization Cloud9, who also owned British Hurricane, an academy team for the Spitfire that competed in Overwatch Contenders (OWC).

Lee "Bishop" Beom-joon was appointed the team's first head coach and guided London to claim the league's first stage championship in 2018. While the team parted ways with Bishop later that season, the team went on win the inaugural season Grand Finals.
Smelt Monument
The Smelt Monument is a monument in Castletown, Isle of Man built to commemorate the life of Cornelius Smelt, the first royally appointed Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man, who died in 1832. Work on the monument began in 1836, and ceased the following year. It was built to a design by John Welch at a cost of £180. It is a column of the Grecian Doric Order built from locally sourced stone, the work being undertaken by John Thomas.  It was listed as a Registered Building of the Isle of Man in 1984.

Castletown, Isle of Man
Castletown  (Manx: Balley y Chashtal, pronounced [ˈbalʲə ˈxaʃtʃəl]) is a town in the Isle of Man, geographically within the historical parish of Malew but administered separately. Lying at the south of the island, it was the Manx capital until 1869. The centre of town is dominated by Castle Rushen, a well-preserved medieval castle, originally built for a Viking king.
KET ED
KET ED, known as the Education Channel, was a digital television programming service operated by PBS member network Kentucky Educational Television. The service provided programming from the Annenberg/CPB project, along with encore presentations of some PBS programming, and much of KET's locally produced in-house instructional television (ITV) productions.

The service originated from KET's studios at the O. Leonard Press Telecommunications Center, at 600 Cooper Drive in Lexington, Kentucky.

O. Leonard Press
O. Leonard Press (November 10, 1921 – July 31, 2019), also known simply as Len Press, was a radio and television broadcaster, producer, and college professor. He is best known for envisioning a state network of educational television stations in the U.S. state of Kentucky. Born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts, Press is mainly known as the founder and creator of the Kentucky Educational Television (KET) network.
Dave Barrett
David Barrett OC OBC (October 2, 1930 – February 2, 2018) was a Canadian politician and social worker in British Columbia. A member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party (BCNDP), he was the 26th premier of British Columbia from 1972 to 1975. He was the first NDP premier in the province.

Premier of British Columbia
The premier of British Columbia is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s, the title prime minister of British Columbia was often used. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".
Rocky Chávez
Rocky John Chávez (born May 12, 1951) is an American politician who served in the California State Assembly. A Republican, he represented the 76th district, encompassing parts of northern coastal San Diego County. He was a candidate for the United States House of Representatives, having run in the 2018 midterm election in California's 49th congressional district to replace Darrell Issa, but he failed to place in the top two during the primary election.

Oceanside, California
Oceanside is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city had a population of 174,068 at the 2020 United States census, making it the most populous city in the North County region of San Diego. The city is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and architecture.

Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén. During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the U.S. conquest of California, the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oceanside.
Hunston, Suffolk
Hunston is a small Suffolk village and civil parish set in a conservation area of Mid-Suffolk and lies
between Stowlangtoft and Badwell Ash off the A1088, nearly eight miles east of the centre of Bury St Edmunds. It is set in flattish farmland, mostly arable.

Mid Suffolk
52°09′22″N 1°02′56″E﻿ / ﻿52.1560°N 1.0489°E﻿ / 52.1560; 1.0489

Mid Suffolk is a local government district in Suffolk, England. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just three towns, being Stowmarket, Needham Market and Eye. Its council was based in Needham Market until 2017 when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Babergh District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. In 2021 it had a population of 103,417.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Babergh, West Suffolk, Breckland and South Norfolk.
Ira W. Bird
Ira Washington Bird (March 17, 1819 – March 11, 1899) was an American politician.

Bird was born in Oneida County, New York. He moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and worked as a clerk for Solomon Juneau in his store. He then moved to Madison in Wisconsin Territory in 1838. He served in the Wisconsin Assembly from Madison, Wisconsin, in 1849 and was a Whig. From 1845 to 1846 he served as sheriff of Dane County, Wisconsin, and in 1847 he served as Dane County Register of Deeds. He went to California in 1850 and returned to Wisconsin in 1852. Bird moved to Jefferson, Wisconsin in 1854. He served on the Jefferson County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors and as town clerk. Bird practiced law. He was also a Democrat. Bird served as the first mayor of Jefferson, Wisconsin and as county judge of Jefferson County, Wisconsin. He died in Jefferson, Wisconsin from a long illness. His brother was Augustus A. Bird who also served in the Wisconsin Legislature.

Solomon Juneau
Solomon Laurent Juneau, or Laurent-Salomon Juneau (August 9, 1793 – November 14, 1856) was a French Canadian fur trader, land speculator, and politician who helped found the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was born in Repentigny, Quebec, to François and (Marie-)Thérèse Galarneau Juneau. Joseph Juneau, the founder of the city of Juneau, Alaska, was a cousin of Solomon Juneau.