hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ecotoxicity
Ecotoxicity, the subject of study in the field of ecotoxicology (a portmanteau of ecology and toxicology), refers to the biological, chemical or physical stressors that affect ecosystems. Such stressors can occur in the natural environment at densities, concentrations, or levels high enough to disrupt natural biochemical and physiological behavior and interactions. This ultimately affects all living organisms that comprise an ecosystem.

Ecotoxicology has been defined as a branch of toxicology that focuses on the study of toxic effects, caused by natural or synthetic pollutants. These pollutants affect animals (including humans), vegetation, and microbes, in an intrinsic way.

Cleaning agent
Cleaning agents or hard-surface cleaners are substances (usually liquids, powders, sprays, or granules) used to remove dirt, including dust, stains, foul odors, and clutter on surfaces. Purposes of cleaning agents include health, beauty, removing offensive odors, and avoiding the spread of dirt and contaminants to oneself and others. Some cleaning agents can kill bacteria (e.g. door handle bacteria, as well as bacteria on worktops and other metallic surfaces) and clean at the same time. Others, called degreasers, contain organic solvents to help dissolve oils and fats.
Everett Woodel
Everett M. Woodel, Jr. is an American government official who is the U.S. Small Business Administration’s (SBA) Great Lakes Regional Administrator. He oversees the SBA District Offices in the six-state Great Lakes Region that includes Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio and Wisconsin. His appointment started on March 3, 2025.

Prior to being Regional Administrator, Woodel served for six years as the SBA District Director for the Columbus District Office, which serves Central and Southern Ohio. In this role, he oversaw programs that facilitated billions in small business lending and federal contracting.

On January 20, 2025, Everett was designated by President Donald J. Trump to be the acting Administrator of the U.S. Small Business Administration until the confirmation of current Administrator Kelly Loeffler in February 2025.

Administrator of the Small Business Administration
The administrator of the Small Business Administration is the head of the Small Business Administration of the United States. The administrator is responsible for managing and the day-to-day operations of the agency. The administrator is nominated by the president of the United States and must be confirmed by a vote of the United States Senate.

In January 2012, President Barack Obama announced that the SBA administrator would be elevated to Cabinet rank, a position it last held during the Clinton administration.

The most recent confirmed administrator was Kelly Loeffler, who was nominated by President Donald Trump and confirmed by the Senate on February 20, 2025.
Hospitality industry in New Zealand
The hospitality industry in New Zealand is a major industry operating around the country. It is one of the largest employment sectors in the country, contributing about 1.7% of GDP, equivalent to NZ$5 billion annually.

Businesses in the sector can be divided into four broad categories: Quick Service Restaurants; Takeaways; Pubs, Taverns and Bars; and Cafes and Restaurants.  More than half of the sector's workforce work in cafes and restaurants, and more than half of sales occur in the Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington regions.

The sector has a long-term shortage of workers, particularly skilled chefs and managers. Workers do not require formal qualifications, but require customer service skills and may require certificates to manage premises and sell alcohol. The shortage of workers has been made worse due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Restaurant Brands
Restaurant Brands New Zealand Limited (RBD), trading as Restaurant Brands, is a New Zealand fast food company. Restaurant Brands currently operates and owns the master franchising rights for the Carl's Jr., KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell brands in New Zealand. Restaurant Brands operates most of New Zealand's stores for the brands they own rights to and provides management and support services to New Zealand's independent franchisees of the remaining stores.
Melodi Grand Prix Junior 2007
The Melodi Grand Prix Junior 2007 was Norway's sixth national Melodi Grand Prix Junior for young singers aged 8 to 15. It was held on June 2, 2007, in Oslo Spektrum, Oslo, Norway and broadcast live presented by Stian Barsnes Simonsen. Nine participants participated and the contest was won by 11-year-old Celine Helgemo with her song Bæstevænna (Bestfriends). She received the award out of the hands of Ole Runar, who won the 2006 contest with his song "Fotball e supert".

The first and second-place winners, Celine and the duo Martin & Johannes, were Norway's participants in MGP Nordic 2007 with additional contestants from Denmark, Sweden, and Finland.

The album Melodi Grand Prix Junior 2007 containing the songs of the finals reached No. 1 on the VG-lista Norwegian Albums Chart on week 24 of 2007 staying at the top of the charts for 1 week.

Melodi Grand Prix Junior
Melodi Grand Prix Junior, also spelled as MGPjr, is a Norwegian television song competition for aspiring singers between the ages of 8 and 15 that was held annually between 2002 and 2022. The competing songs are written by the participants themselves and are sung primarily in Norwegian, and on several occasions, there were songs in Northern Sami, another language of Norway.

Many past winners went on to become stars, such as 2002's Nicolay Ramm, 2005's Malin Reitan, 2007's Celine Helgemo, 2009's Jørgen Dahl Moe, 2012's Marcus & Martinus, 2014's Mathea-Mari Glittenberg, and 2017's Oselie Henden.
WSK (motorcycle)
WSK was a brand of motorcycles produced between 1955 and 1985 by the aerospace company PZL-Świdnik (formerly Wytwórnia Sprzętu Komunikacyjnego) in their factory in Świdnik, Poland. The name and trademark were derived directly from the name of the manufacturer: Wytwornia Sprzetu Komunikacyjnego (English: Communications Equipment Factory).

PZL-Świdnik
PZL-Świdnik S.A. (Wytwórnia Sprzętu Komunikacyjnego PZL-Świdnik S.A.) is the biggest helicopter manufacturer in Poland. Its main products are PZL W-3 Sokół and PZL SW-4 Puszczyk helicopters.  In early 2010 the factory was acquired by AgustaWestland, today Leonardo.
2020 Russian Men's Curling Cup
The 2020 Russian Men's Curling Cup (Russian: Кубок России среди мужских команд 2020) was held from October 6 to 12, 2020 at the Palace of Figure Skating and Curling (Russian: Дворец фигурного катания и кёрлинга МУ СК «Дмитров») in Dmitrov, Moscow Oblast.

All games played are 8 ends.

All times are listed in Moscow Time (UTC+03:00)

Russian Men's Curling Cup
The Russian Men's Curling Cup (Russian: Кубок России по кёрлингу среди мужчин, Кубок России по кёрлингу среди мужских команд) is an annual national curling tournament for men's curling teams in Russia. It has been held annually since the 2007–2008 season (usually in October, November, or December). It is organized by the Russian Curling Federation. As of 2021, the event consisted of sixteen teams participating in a preliminary round robin and a single-knockout playoff.
Magnolia Gridiron All-Star Classic
The Magnolia Gridiron All-Star Classic was an annual post-season college football all-star game held in December 2005 and 2006. The game was organized by Darry Alton, who previously helped found the Las Vegas All-American Classic, in view of the discontinuation of the Blue–Gray Football Classic and the Gridiron Classic, in order to provide players from lesser-known and lesser-televised schools with a chance to impress NFL scouts.

The game was held at Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium in Jackson, Mississippi. It matched a team of senior players from Division I-A schools not participating in bowl games, against seniors from Division I-AA, Division II, and Division III schools; both teams also included some NAIA players. In advance of the game, players participated in practice days and a combine, which were open to NFL and CFL scouts.

Gridiron Classic (1999–2005)
The Gridiron Classic, also known as the Rotary Gridiron Classic presented by Tyco and later The Villages Gridiron Classic for sponsorship reasons, was a post-season college football all-star game played each January in Florida from 1999 through 2005.

From 1999 to 2003, it featured a team representing Florida versus a team from the rest of the United States; it was played at the Citrus Bowl in Orlando. In 2004 and 2005, it was played at The Villages Polo Stadium in The Villages, a retirement community approximately 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Orlando. During the two years at The Villages, the game used a North vs. South format.

On August 19, 2005, game organizers Florida Citrus Sports canceled the 2006 playing of the Gridiron Classic, after failing to find a sponsor once The Villages decided not to renew the annual game at their facility. The game has not resumed since.
Gmina Sławoborze
Gmina Sławoborze is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Sławoborze, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Świdwin and 92 km (57 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 188.70 square kilometres (72.9 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population is 4,274.

Świdwin County
Świdwin County (Polish: powiat świdwiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świdwin, which lies 89 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Połczyn-Zdrój, lying 23 km (14 mi) east of Świdwin.

The county covers an area of 1,093.06 square kilometres (422.0 sq mi). As of 2012 its total population is 49,181.
Bradshaw Mountain High School
Bradshaw Mountain High School is a grade 9–12 school located in Prescott Valley, Arizona operated by the Humboldt Unified School District.

Humboldt USD includes most of Prescott Valley, all of Dewey Humboldt, and small portions of Chino Valley and Mayer.

Prescott Valley, Arizona
Prescott Valley is a town located in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States, approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Prescott. According to the 2020 United States census, Prescott Valley has a population of 46,785 residents.
Michael Long (golfer)
Michael Richard Long (born 27 August 1968) is a New Zealand professional golfer who has played on a number of tours, including two seasons on the PGA Tour and three seasons on the European Tour. He won four times on the PGA Tour of Australasia between 1996 and 2018 and twice on the Nationwide Tour. He won the 2020 European Senior Tour Q-School.

1990 Eisenhower Trophy
The 1990 Eisenhower Trophy took place 25 to 28 October at the Christchurch Golf Club near Christchurch, New Zealand. It was the 17th World Amateur Team Championship for the Eisenhower Trophy. The tournament was a 72-hole stroke play team event with 33 four-man teams. The best three scores for each round counted towards the team total.

Sweden won the Eisenhower Trophy for the first time, finishing 13 strokes ahead of the joint silver medalists, New Zealand and United States with Canada, France and Japan tied for fourth place. Mathias Grönberg had the lowest individual score, 2-under-par 286, six strokes better than fellow-Swede Gabriel Hjertstedt.
Obergoms
Obergoms is the upper part of the Goms and a municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was formed on 1 January 2009 when the three municipalities Ulrichen, Obergesteln and Oberwald merged.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
Cathy Cox (American politician)
Lera Catharine "Cathy" Cox (born July 18, 1958) is an American academic administrator and former lawyer, politician, and journalist. She is president of Georgia College & State University. Cox, a member of the Democratic Party, previously served as Secretary of State of Georgia, a candidate for Governor of Georgia in 2006, dean of Walter F. George School of Law at Mercer University, and as the 21st president of Young Harris College.

Georgia Secretary of State
The secretary of state of the U.S. state of Georgia is an elected official with a wide variety of responsibilities, including supervising elections and maintaining public records.

The office has had a four-year term since 1946. Before 1880, the secretary of state was elected by the Georgia Assembly, not in a popular election.
City Hospital railway station
City Hospital railway station, situated on Donegall Road, serves Belfast City Hospital and the surrounding area of south Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is one of the four stations located in the city centre, the others being Botanic, Lanyon Place, and Belfast Grand Central.

The station opened on 6 October 1986, and is very close to Botanic Station.

Derry ~ Londonderry railway station
Derry ~ Londonderry railway station, also known as North West Transport Hub or Waterside railway station (formerly "Londonderry Waterside", and later just "Londonderry" railway station), is a railway terminus in Derry, Northern Ireland, on the east bank of the River Foyle, operated by Northern Ireland Railways and its 7th busiest station across the network with 952,126 passengers boarding or alighting at the station in the 2023/24 financial year. It is on the Belfast–Derry railway line, terminating at Belfast Grand Central. Derry/Londonderry has the longest platforms on the NIR Network, at 258.3 metres in length.
Sasaki and Peeps
Sasaki and Peeps (佐々木とピーちゃん, Sasaki to Pii-chan) is a Japanese light novel series written by Buncololi and illustrated by Kantoku. The series originally began serialization as a web novel on the novel posting websites Kakuyomu and Shōsetsuka ni Narō in December 2018, before beginning publication under Media Factory's MF Bunko J imprint in January 2021; eight volumes have been released as of January 2024. A manga adaptation illustrated by Pureji Osho began serialization in Kadokawa Shoten's Shōnen Ace Plus online magazine in January 2021, and has been compiled in four  tankōbon volumes as of July 2024. Both the light novel and manga are licensed in English by Yen Press. An anime television series adaptation produced by Silver Link aired from January to March 2024. A second season is set to premiere in 2026.

MF Bunko J
MF Bunko J (MF文庫J) is a publishing label affiliated with the Japanese publishing company Media Factory. It was established in July 2002 and is a light novel label that is aimed at young men with a focus on visual novel-style plots and harem romantic comedies.
Blood of the Prophets
Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows (2002) by Will Bagley is a history of the Mountain Meadows massacre.  The work updated Juanita Brooks' seminal history The Mountain Meadows Massacre, and remains one of the definitive works on the topic.

Juanita Brooks
Juanita Pulsipher Brooks (January 15, 1898 – August 26, 1989) was an American historian and author, specializing in the American West and Mormon history. Her most notable contribution was her book related to the Mountain Meadows Massacre, to which her grandfather Dudley Leavitt was sometimes linked, and which caused tension between her and the church authorities. She also made significant archival contributions in the form of collected pioneer diaries documenting early Mormon history in the Dixie, Utah area.
SS Bozeman Victory
SS Bozeman Victory was a Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. It was built and launched by the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation on December 9, 1944, and completed on February 17, 1945. The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2-S-AP3 and hull number 151 (1205). She was built in just 106 days. The Maritime Commission turned it over for Merchant navy operation to a civilian contractor, the Alaska SS Company under the United States Merchant Marine act for the War Shipping Administration. She was named after the city of Bozeman, Montana.

Victory ships were designed to supersede the earlier Liberty ships. Unlike Liberty ships, Victory ships were designed to serve the US Navy after the war and also last longer. The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were: faster, longer and wider, taller, and had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure. They also had a long raised forecastle.

Victory ship
The Victory ship is a ship class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by American shipyards during World War II. They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship, were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines, giving higher speed to allow participation in high-speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats.  A total of 534 Victory ships were built in between 1944 and 1946.
Monte E. Ford
Monte E. Ford (born October 3, 1959) is an African-American technology executive and corporate director. He served as chief information officer (CIO) and senior vice president of information technology at American Airlines and its parent company AMR Corporation from 2001 to 2012, overseeing the airline's information technology services group, operations research division, and AA.com. He has also served as chief executive officer of Aptean and holds board seats at several publicly traded companies, including Akamai Technologies, Iron Mountain, JetBlue Airways, and Centene Corporation.

In 2010, Fortune magazine ranked Ford number 34 on its list of the "50 Smartest People in Technology," and CIO magazine inducted him into its CIO Hall of Fame.

Chief information officer
A chief information officer (CIO), chief digital information officer (CDIO), or information technology (IT) director is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise who works with information technology and computer systems, in order to support enterprise goals.

Normally, the CIO reports directly to the Managing Director. In military organizations, the CIO reports to the commanding officer. The role of chief information officer was first defined in 1981 by  William R. Synnott, former senior vice president of the Bank of Boston, and William H. Gruber, a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. A CIO will sometimes serve as a member of the board of directors.
Hemihydrate
In chemistry, a hemihydrate (or semihydrate) is a hydrate whose solid contains one molecule of water of crystallization per two other molecules, or per two unit cells. This is sometimes characterized as a solid that has one "half molecule" of water per unit cell. An example of this is calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4·0.5H2O or 2CaSO4·H2O), which is the hemihydrate of calcium sulfate (CaSO4).

Water of crystallization
In chemistry, water(s) of crystallization or water(s) of hydration are water molecules that are present inside crystals. Water is often incorporated in the formation of crystals from aqueous solutions. In some contexts, water of crystallization is the total mass of water in a substance at a given temperature and is mostly present in a definite (stoichiometric) ratio. Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation.

Upon crystallization from water, or water-containing solvents, many compounds incorporate water molecules in their crystalline frameworks. Water of crystallization can generally be removed by heating a sample but the crystalline properties are often lost.

Compared to inorganic salts, proteins crystallize with large amounts of water in the crystal lattice. A water content of 50% is not uncommon for proteins.
Ochetoceratinae
The Ochetoceratinae is a subfamily within the Oppeliidae from the Upper Jurassic, shells of which are typically oxycones with a tricarinate venter and falcoid ribbing, commonly divided by a median lateral groove or fillet. The median  (middle) keel is the tallest.

The Ochetoceratinae may be polyphyletic, derived from both the Oppeliidae and Hecticoceratinae as suggested by differences in the included genera.

Hecticoceratinae
Hecticoceratinae is a subfamily of oppeliids from the Middle and Upper Jurassic typically with strong falcoid or falcate ribbing that covers whorl sides completely. Venters are usually keeled and may be tricarinate.

The Hecticocerainae, which has its origin in the Oppeliinae, give rise to the Distichoceratinae near the beginning of the Middle Jurassic Callovian, and to the Glochiceratinae early in the Upper Jurassic Oxfordian. Neither apparently gave rise to any subsequent groups.
Fight That Ghost
Fight That Ghost is a 1946 feature horror comedy film. It is considered one of the earliest horror films with an all Black cast. It was directed by Sam Newfield. It was a Toddy Pictures Company release. Bill Dillard portrayed Jim Brown in the film. The film includes the songs "Take me" by Porter Grainger as well as "Hard Luck Blues" and "A Brown Skin Gal is the Best Gal After All" by John Murray.

It was one of several films Newfield directed for Toddy including Harlem on the Prairie, Mantan Messes Up, and House-Rent Party. Photo stills for the film exist.

Harlem on the Prairie
Harlem on the Prairie (1937) is an American race movie, billed as the first "all-colored" Western musical. The movie reminded audiences that there were black cowboys and corrected a popular Hollywood image of an all-white Old West.

It was produced by Associated Features, which was organized in 1937. The picture premiered at the Paramount Theatre in Los Angeles and was first shown in New York City at the Rialto Theatre on Broadway. The company had offices at 937 N. Sycamore Ave., Hollywood, California, and the officers of the company were Jed Buell, president; Bert Sternbach, vice president; and Sabin W. Carr, secretary-treasurer.

Harlem on the Prairie was filmed on location at the Walker Ranch in Newhall, California, and the Iverson Ranch, Chatsworth, California. President and chief producer Jed Buell spent less than $50,000 on this picture.