hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1949 Macdonald Brier
The 1949 Macdonald Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held from March 7 to 11, 1949 at Hamilton Forum in Hamilton, Ontario.

Team Manitoba, who was skipped by Ken Watson captured the Brier Tankard by finishing round robin play unbeaten with a 9-0 record. This was Manitoba's twelfth Brier championship and the sixth time that a team finished the Brier unbeaten. Watson would become the first skip to win the Brier three times as his rink won previously in 1936 and 1942.

This was the first Brier in which two teams (Manitoba and British Columbia) entered the final draw unbeaten and the first Brier since 1936 to feature a "winner take all" match in the round robin to decide the Brier champion.

This was also the fourth Brier in which there were no extra ends.

The Brier
The Brier (French: Le Brier), known since 2024 as the Montana's Brier for sponsorship reasons, is the annual Canadian men's curling championship, sanctioned by Curling Canada. The Brier has been held since 1927, traditionally during the month of March.

The winner of the Brier goes on to represent Canada at the World Curling Championships of the same year. The Brier is the best supported curling competition in terms of paid attendance, attracting crowds far larger than even those for World Championships held in Canada.

Its current main sponsor is Montana's, a Canadian restaurant chain. "Brier" originally referred to a brand of tobacco sold by the event's first sponsor, the Macdonald Tobacco Company.
2003 French Open
The 2003 French Open was the second Grand Slam event of 2003 and the 102nd edition of the French Open. It took place at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France, from May 26 through June 8, 2003.

Both Albert Costa and Serena Williams were unsuccessful in their title defences, both being defeated in the semi-finals by eventual champions Juan Carlos Ferrero and Justine Henin-Hardenne respectively. Ferrero won his first Grand Slam title, defeating Martin Verkerk in the final, and Henin-Hardenne, who had previously won the event in 1997 as a junior, won after defeating Serena Williams, who had won the previous four Grand Slam events, in the semi-final and compatriot and rival Kim Clijsters in the final in straight sets. For Henin-Hardenne, it was the first of seven Grand Slam titles, and the first of four French Open titles.

1997 French Open
The 1997 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 26 May until 8 June. It was the 96th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1997.
Roger Ingram
Roger O'Neal Ingram (born November 13, 1957) is a jazz trumpeter, educator, author, and instrument designer. He played trumpet for the orchestras of Maynard Ferguson, Woody Herman, Wynton Marsalis, Ray Charles, and Harry Connick Jr.

When My Heart Finds Christmas
When My Heart Finds Christmas is American artist Harry Connick Jr.'s first Christmas album. Released in 1993, it is among the most popular holiday collections of the past three decades in the United States.  Connick Jr composed four songs for the album: "When My Heart Finds Christmas", "(It Must've Been Ol') Santa Claus", "The Blessed Dawn Of Christmas Day" and "I Pray On Christmas". The other songs are traditional Christmas songs and carols.

The album proved to be the best-selling holiday album in the U.S. of 1993, selling 748,000 copies that year according to Nielsen SoundScan.

In December 2005, the album was certified Triple Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipment of three million copies in the U.S. As of November 2014, When My Heart Finds Christmas is the twelfth best-selling holiday album in the U.S. since May 1991 (the SoundScan era of music sales tracking), having sold 3.15 million.
Fénery
Fénery is a commune in the Deux-Sèvres department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is situated about 11 km (6.8 mi) northwest of the town of Parthenay.

In 2010, the commune of Fénery joined the Communauté de communes de Parthenay, which was established in 2001 by six other local communes and provides a framework within which local tasks are carried out together. This intercommunality was merged into the Communauté de communes de Parthenay-Gâtine in 2014.

Parthenay
Parthenay (French: [paʁtənɛ] ⓘ; Poitevin: Partenaes) is an ancient fortified town and commune in the Deux-Sèvres department of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is sited on a rocky spur that is surrounded on two sides by the River Thouet, and is the sub-prefecture of the Parthenay arrondissement.

It is situated some 40 km (25 mi) north of Niort, 50 km (31 mi) west of Poitiers, 120 km (75 mi) south-east of Nantes, and 350 km (220 mi) south-west of Paris.

Each July, Parthenay hosts the Festival Ludique International de Parthenay, otherwise known as the Festival de Jeux or FLIP, in which the town's streets and squares are filled with games of many types. The shorter indoor FLIP d'hiver runs in November.
Mucous membrane of the soft palate
The mucous membrane of the soft palate is thin, and covered with stratified squamous epithelium on both surfaces, except near the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube, where it is columnar and ciliated.

According to Klein, the mucous membrane on the nasal surface of the soft palate in the fetus is covered throughout by columnar ciliated epithelium, which subsequently becomes squamous; some anatomists state that it is covered with columnar ciliated epithelium, except at its free margin, throughout life.

Beneath the mucous membrane on the oral surface of the soft palate is a considerable amount of adenoid tissue.

The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucus-secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Achthoven, Vijfheerenlanden
Achthoven  is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, and lies about 7 km south of IJsselstein.

The hamlet is located in the Polder Achthoven, on the dike of the river Lek. Achthoven used to be a separate "heerlijkheid" (manor). Until 2019 it was a part of the province of South Holland.

The hamlet was first mentioned in the middle of the 14th century as Cortachoven, and means "eight parcels of land". Achthoven has no place name signs, and the postal authorities have placed it under Lexmond. In 1840, it was home to 200 people. Polder Achterhoven is a 118 hectares (290 acres) nature area in the floodplains of the Lek River.

IJsselstein
IJsselstein (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɛisəlstɛin] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. IJsselstein received city rights in 1331. IJsselstein owes its name to the river Hollandse IJssel which flows through the city. It is a major commuting suburb for the Utrecht area, along with the neighbouring towns Houten and Nieuwegein (in part due to the Sneltram light rail line serving the area). It is surrounded by the municipalities of Utrecht, Montfoort, Lopik, Vijfheerenlanden and Nieuwegein.
Gmina Aleksandrów Łódzki
Gmina Aleksandrów Łódzki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Aleksandrów Łódzki, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Zgierz and 13 km (8 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 115.58 square kilometres (44.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 26,406 (of which the population of Aleksandrów Łódzki is 21,257, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,894).

Zgierz County
Zgierz County (Polish: powiat zgierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zgierz, which lies 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains four other towns: Ozorków, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Zgierz, Aleksandrów Łódzki, lying 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Zgierz, Głowno, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and Stryków, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Zgierz.

The county covers an area of 853.71 square kilometres (329.6 sq mi). As of 2016, its total population is 165,206, out of which the population of Zgierz is 56,929, that of Ozorków is 19,809, that of Aleksandrów Łódzki is 21,380, that of Głowno is 14,534, that of Stryków is 3,477, and the rural population is 49,077.
Ministry of Occupied Italy
The Ministry of Occupied Italy  (Italian: Ministero dell'Italia occupata) was the government body of the Kingdom of Italy responsible for affairs in portions of Italy under Axis occupation during World War II. The ministry existed from December 1944 to July 1945.

Undersecretary (Italy)
The Undersecretary of State (Italian: Sottosegretario di Stato), in the Italian political system, is a member of the Government of Italy with the function of assisting the minister and carrying out the tasks that have been delegated to them by the minister. The undersecretary falls into the second category of the order of offices of the Italian Republic.
Achalla
6°20′11″N 6°59′07″E﻿ / ﻿6.3365°N 6.9853°E﻿ / 6.3365; 6.9853Achalla Listenⓘ is the capital of Awka North, a Local Government Area in Anambra State, south-east Nigeria.

Achalla, the capital of Awka North Local Government Area, is located in the Anambra North senatorial district of Anambra State, Nigeria.
Achalla is made up of eight villages which includes;

Umudani village

Amukabia village

Umuogbe village

Odawa Village

Umunagu village

Umuezede village

Amadim village

Udezu village

Achalla is a very good community known for strong traditions and culture. Achalla is a part of Eri descendant.

Achalla is bordered by the following communities which makes it a central access point for people looking to access Awka north;

Amanuke

Urum

Ugbene

Ugbenu

Igbariam

Ukwulu

Igbariam
Igbariam Listenⓘ is a semi-rural  village, situated in Anambra East LGA, Anambra State. It is also referred to as Okalakwu Kingdom.

Igbariam is blessed with abundant fertile land, and is well-known for the Igbariam Farm Settlement built during the reign of M.I. Okpara in Eastern Nigeria. They are seen as the State's breadbasket.

She is composed of seven villages, namely Eziama, Ubaru, Irualor, Eziafor, Ifite, Anekwem and Ogugu-etiti (a.k.a Imendu).

Major rivers are Ezu, Oguu, Aguogba and Odulu. Occupations includes; farming, fishing, Palm oil production, small scale businesses. G.D.P includes cassava, rice, corn, tomatoes and vegetables

Their neighbors includes; Nando, Achalla, Ukwullu, Awkuzu and Ayamelum have borders by water
Gordon S. Wood
Gordon Stewart Wood (born November 27, 1933) is an American historian and professor at Brown University. He is a recipient of the 1993 Pulitzer Prize for History for The Radicalism of the American Revolution (1992). His book The Creation of the American Republic, 1776–1787 (1969) won the 1970 Bancroft Prize. In 2010, he was awarded the National Humanities Medal by President Barack Obama.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
1889 Govan by-election
The 1889 Govan by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 18 January 1889 for the British House of Commons, in the Govan constituency, located in Lanarkshire, Scotland.

The seat became vacant following the death of the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) Sir William Pearce, who died at the age of 55 on 18 December 1888. A major shipbuilder and owner of the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Pearce had held the seat since its creation for the 1885 general election.

Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company
The Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Limited, was a Scottish shipbuilding company in the Govan area on the Clyde in Glasgow. Fairfields, as it is often known, was a major warship builder, turning out many vessels for the Royal Navy and other navies through the First World War and the Second World War. It also built many transatlantic liners, including record-breaking ships for the Cunard Line and Canadian Pacific, such as the Blue Riband-winning sisters RMS Campania and RMS Lucania. At the other end of the scale, Fairfields built fast cross-channel mail steamers and ferries for locations around the world. These included ships for the Bosporus crossing in Istanbul and some of the early ships used by Thomas Cook for developing tourism on the River Nile.
Lower Swell
Lower Swell is a village in the civil parish of Swell, in the Cotswold district, in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is located at the River Dikler, one mile from Stow-on-the-Wold. The village has "finest countryside, a tranquil village green and plenty of mellow stone cottages". The village church is dedicated to St. Mary.

Stow-on-the-Wold
Stow-on-the-Wold is a market town and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, on top of an 800-foot (244 m) hill at the junction of main roads through the Cotswolds, including the Fosse Way (A429), which is of Roman origin. The town was founded by Norman lords to absorb trade from the roads converging there. Fairs have been held by royal charter since 1330; a horse fair is still held on the edge of town nearest to Oddington in May and October each year.
Vezzi Portio
Vezzi Portio (Ligurian: Vessi Portio) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Savona.

Vezzi Portio borders the following municipalities: Finale Ligure, Noli, Orco Feglino, Quiliano, Spotorno, and Vado Ligure.

Vado Ligure
Vado Ligure (Ligurian: Voæ), in antiquity Vada Sabatia, is a port town and comune in the province of Savona, Liguria, in northern Italy. The town despite its size has become one of the largest ports in Northwest Italy.
K17DL-D
K17DL-D (channel 17) is a low-power tourist information–formatted television station in Branson, Missouri, United States, serving the Springfield area. It is owned by Branson Visitors TV, LLC, a joint venture between Gray Media (50.1%) and Market Branson, LLC (49.9%); Gray's interest makes K17DL-D a sister station to Springfield-based NBC affiliate KYTV (channel 3), ABC affiliate KSPR-LD (channel 33), and CW affiliate KYCW-LD (channel 25). K17DL-D's transmitter is located on US 160 in western Taney County.

Taney County, Missouri
Taney County is a county in the southwestern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,066. Its county seat is Forsyth. It is included in the Branson Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Taney County was officially organized on January 4, 1837, and named in honor of Roger Brooke Taney, the fifth Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, best known for delivering the infamous majority opinion in Dred Scott v. Sandford. However, unlike Roger B. Taney, who pronounced his name /ˈtɔːni/, the "Taney" in Taney County is generally pronounced /ˈteɪni/.

The county includes the popular tourist destinations Branson and Table Rock, Taneycomo and Bull Shoals lakes.
McKittrick Oil Field
The McKittrick Oil Field is a large oil and gas field in western Kern County, California.  The town of McKittrick overlies the northeastern portion of the oil field.  Recognized as an oil field in the 19th century, but known by Native Americans for thousands of years due to its tar seeps, the field is ranked 19th in California by total ultimate oil recovery, and has had a cumulative production of over 303 million barrels (48,200,000 m3) of oil.  The principal operators of the field as of 2008 were Chevron Corp. and Aera Energy LLC, but many independent oil exploration and production companies were also active on the field.  The California Department of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) estimates approximately 20 million recoverable barrels of oil remain in the ground.

California State Route 58
State Route 58 (SR 58) is a major east-west state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs across the Coast Ranges, the southern San Joaquin Valley, the Tehachapi Mountains, which border the southern Sierra Nevada, and the Mojave Desert. It runs between U.S. Route 101 near Santa Margarita and Interstate 15 in Barstow. It has junctions with Interstate 5 near Buttonwillow, State Route 99 in Bakersfield, State Route 202 in Tehachapi, State Route 14 near Mojave, and U.S. Route 395 at Kramer Junction. SR 58 also provides access to Edwards Air Force Base. At various points it is known as the Calf Canyon Highway, Carrisa Highway, Bakersfield-McKittrick Highway, Rosa Parks Highway, Westside Parkway, Barstow-Bakersfield Highway, Bakersfield Tehachapi Highway, Kern County Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway, and Mojave-Barstow Highway.
Lubaba bint al-Harith
Lubāba bint al-Ḥārith (Arabic: لبابة بنت الحارث) (c. 593–650), was a prominent early Muslim. Two of her sisters, Maymunah bint al-Harith and Zaynab bint Khuzayma became wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Zaynab bint Khuzayma
Zaynab bint Khuzayma (Arabic: زينب بنت خزيمة) (c. 596 – 625), also known as Umm al-Masākīn (Arabic: أم المساكين, "Mother of the Poor"), was the fifth wife of  Muhammad. As a result of her early death, less is known about her than about his other wives.
Labour government, 1964–1970
Harold Wilson was appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II on 16 October 1964 and formed the first Wilson ministry, a Labour government, which held office with a slim majority between 1964 and 1966. In an attempt to gain a workable majority in the House of Commons, Wilson called a new election for 31 March 1966, after which he formed the second Wilson ministry, a government which held office for four years until 1970.

Richard Crossman
Richard Howard Stafford Crossman OBE (15 December 1907 – 5 April 1974) was a British Labour Party politician. A university classics lecturer by profession, he was elected a Member of Parliament in 1945 and became a significant figure among the party's advocates of Zionism. He was a Bevanite on the left of the party, and a long-serving member of Labour's National Executive Committee (NEC) from 1952.

Crossman was a Cabinet minister in Harold Wilson's governments of 1964–1970, first for Housing, then as Leader of the House of Commons, and then for Social Services. In the early 1970s, Crossman was editor of the New Statesman. He is remembered for his highly revealing three-volume Diaries of a Cabinet Minister, published posthumously.
Chippewa Correctional Facility
Chippewa Correctional Facility (URF) is a prison for men located in the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan and part of the Michigan Department of Corrections (MDOC). The 3 letter designation for this facility is URF.

Michigan Department of Corrections
The Michigan Department of Corrections (MDOC) oversees prisons and the parole and probation population in the state of Michigan, United States. It has 31 prison facilities, and a Special Alternative Incarceration program, together composing approximately 41,000 prisoners. Another 71,000 probationers and parolees are under its supervision. (2015 figures) The agency has its headquarters in Grandview Plaza in Lansing.
Pineda de Mar
Pineda de Mar (Catalan pronunciation: [piˈnɛðə ðə ˈmaɾ]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Maresme in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the coast between Calella and Santa Susanna. The main N-II road and a Renfe railway line run through the town.

The town centre has several historical buildings from the 17th to the 19th centuries. Four arches survive of a Roman aqueduct over the Pineda river.

The local basketball team is called UER Pineda.

Calella
Calella (Catalan pronunciation: [kəˈleʎə]) is a municipality located in the Maresme region of Catalonia, Spain, located 50 km from Barcelona, 50 km from Girona, and 6 km from the Montnegre-Corredor Natural Park. It has a Mediterranean climate, and is known for its beaches, which span about 3 km.

It has several natural areas, such as Dalmau Park, Manuel Puigvert promenade, Garbí promenade, the Calella Lighthouse, and The Turrets.
George Washington Cable
George Washington Cable (October 12, 1844 – January 31, 1925) was an American novelist notable for the realism of his portrayals of Creole life in his native New Orleans, Louisiana. He has been called "the most important southern artist working in the late 19th century", as well as "the first modern Southern writer". In his treatment of racism, mixed-race families and miscegenation, his fiction has been thought to anticipate that of William Faulkner.

He also wrote articles critical of contemporary society. Due to hostility against him after two 1885 essays encouraging racial equality and opposing Jim Crow, Cable moved with his family to Northampton, Massachusetts. He lived there for the next thirty years, then moved to Florida.

History of slavery in Louisiana
Following Robert Cavelier de La Salle establishing the French claim to the territory and the introduction of the name Louisiana, the first settlements in the southernmost portion of Louisiana (New France) were developed at present-day Biloxi (1699), Mobile (1702), Natchitoches (1714), and New Orleans (1718). Chattel slavery was then established by European colonists.

The institution was maintained by the Spanish (1763–1800) when the area was part of New Spain, by the French when they briefly reacquired the colony (1800–1803), and by the United States following the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Due to its complex history, Louisiana had a very different pattern of slavery compared to the rest of the United States.