hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman (c. 1297 – 24 May 1351), (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن عثمان) was a sultan of the Marinid dynasty who reigned in parts of what is now Morocco between 1331 and 1348. In 1333 he captured Gibraltar from the Castilians, although a later attempt to take Tarifa in 1339 ended in fiasco. In North Africa he extended his rule over Tlemcen and Hafsid Ifriqiya, which together covered the north of what is now Algeria and Tunisia. Under him the Marinid realms in the Maghreb briefly covered an area that rivalled that of the preceding Almohad Caliphate. However, he was forced to retreat due to a revolt of the Arab tribes, was shipwrecked, and lost many of his supporters. His son Abu Inan Faris seized power in Fez. Abu Al-Hasan died in exile in the High Atlas mountains.

Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI (11 August 1311 – 26 March 1350), called the Avenger (el Justiciero), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313.

Once Alfonso was declared an adult in 1325, he began a reign that would serve to strengthen royal power and became known for his victory in the Battle of Rio Salado. While leading a siege against Yusuf I of Granada, he died of the plague in Gibraltar.
Neoepiblemidae
The Neoepiblemidae are an extinct family of hystricognath rodents from South America. The genera Dabbenea and Perumys are now included in Phoberomys. The delineation between Neoepiblemidae and Dinomyidae has historically been unclear, with some genera (such as Phoberomys and Eusigmomys) having varying taxonomic placement. A 2017 study found Phoberomys to be part of the group, while Eusigmomys was found to be part of the Dinomyidae.

Fossils of the family were found in the Colhuehuapian to Huayquerian Pinturas, Sarmiento, Santa Cruz, Cerro Bandera and Ituzaingó Formations and Colhué Huapí Member of Argentina, the Solimões Formation of Brazil, the Pebas Formation of Peru and the Urumaco Formation of Venezuela.

Ituzaingó Formation
The Ituzaingó Formation (Spanish: Formación Ituzaingó), in older literature also described as Entre Ríos or Entrerriana Formation, is an extensive geological formation of Late Miocene (Tortonian, or Huayquerian in the SALMA classification) age in the Paraná Basin of the Corrientes, Santa Fe and Entre Ríos Provinces in Mesopotamia, northeastern Argentina. The formation comprises mudstones, cross-bedded sandstones and conglomerates deposited in a fluvio-deltaic environment and is renowned for the preservation of a rich fossil assemblage, including many mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, bivalves, foraminifera, ichnofossils and flora.
Return of the Reaper
Return of the Reaper is the 17th album by German heavy metal band Grave Digger, released on 11 July 2014 via Napalm Records. It is the final album to feature H.P. Katzenburg on keyboards.

The album cover was created by Gyula Havancsák of Hjules Illustration and Design, who has been responsible for all of the band's artworks since 2005's The Last Supper.

When given a description about the album, vocalist Chris Boltendahl cites the album stylistically reminiscent of Heavy Metal Breakdown, Witch Hunter and The Reaper.

The Reaper (album)
The Reaper is the fifth studio album by German heavy metal band Grave Digger. It was released on 2 November 1993 via the label GUN Records. This was the band's return after a long hiatus, released seven years after their previous album Stronger Than Ever.
Bjørøya
Bjørøya is an island in the Folda sea, just south of the Namsenfjorden in Flatanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 3.8-square-kilometre (1.5 sq mi) island lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the island of Villa and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the island of Lauvøya.  The island has several large peat bogs as well as a farm. Ellingråsa Lighthouse is located on the northwest part of the island.  The island has had no permanent residents since the 1970s.

Folda, Trøndelag
Folda is a firth and a fjord in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located within Flatanger Municipality, Namsos Municipality, and Nærøysund Municipality. The large wide firth is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) long which then narrows into a fjord which is about 75 kilometres (47 mi) long. The narrower fjord part of Folda is often called the Foldfjorden or Innerfolda. Most of the fjord is very narrow, some places with steep cliffs. It has the largest length to width factor among Norway's fjords. The fjord is crossed by the Norwegian County Road 17 road using the Folda Bridge at the village of Foldereid. Spruce forests cover most areas around the fjord. The outer-Folda area is notorious for its rough seas and has been called an "ocean graveyard" (Norwegian: havets kirkegård).
Cartesian monoidal category
In mathematics, specifically in the field known as category theory, a monoidal category where the monoidal ("tensor") product is the categorical product is called a cartesian monoidal category. Any category with finite products (a "finite product category") can be thought of as a cartesian monoidal category. In any cartesian monoidal category, the terminal object is the monoidal unit. Dually, a monoidal finite coproduct category with the monoidal structure given by the coproduct and unit the initial object is called a cocartesian monoidal category, and any finite coproduct category can be thought of as a cocartesian monoidal category.

Cartesian categories with an internal Hom functor that is an adjoint functor to the product are called Cartesian closed categories.

Direct sum of modules
In abstract algebra, the direct sum is a construction which combines several modules into a new, larger module. The direct sum of modules is the smallest module which contains the given modules as submodules with no "unnecessary" constraints, making it an example of a coproduct. Contrast with the direct product, which is the dual notion.

The most familiar examples of this construction occur when considering vector spaces (modules over a field) and abelian groups (modules over the ring Z of integers). The construction may also be extended to cover Banach spaces and Hilbert spaces.

See the article decomposition of a module for a way to write a module as a direct sum of submodules.
Sami Hafez Anan
Lieutenant General Sami Hafez Anan (Arabic: سامى حافظ عنان, IPA: [ˈsæːmi ˈħɑːfezˤ ʕæˈnæːn, -ʕeˈnæːn]; born 27 February 1948) is a retired Egyptian military officer. He was the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces from 2005 until August 2012 when his retirement was announced by President Mohamed Morsi. In January 2018, he announced himself as a candidate in the 2018 Egyptian presidential election, though he was arrested and later released.

Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces (Egypt)
The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (Egyptian Arabic: رئيس أركان حرب القوات المسلحة, romanized: Rayiys 'arkan harb alquaat almusalaha) is the second-in-command of the Egyptian Armed Forces, following the Minister of Defense and the President. The Chief of the General Staff typically holds the second-highest military rank in the Armed Forces. The commanders of the Navy, Air Force and Air Defense Forces report to the Chief of the General Staff, while the Army is under the direct command of the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces.
Asturias autonomous football team
The Asturias autonomous football team is the regional football team for Asturias. They are not affiliated with FIFA or UEFA, because it is represented internationally by the Spain national football team.

Initially formed in 1915 as a partnership between Cantabrian and Asturian teams (before splitting soon after in 1918), the team competed in the short-lived Prince of Asturias Cup, winning the 1922–23 edition. They now only play friendlies, the most recent being in 2001–03 after a 64-year gap since their previous game.

Royal Spanish Football Federation
The Royal Spanish Football Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Fútbol; RFEF) is the governing body of football in Spain. Founded on 29 September 1913, it is based in La Ciudad del Fútbol of Las Rozas, a municipality near Madrid.

RFEF organizes the national cup competitions (Copa de S.M. el Rey and Supercopa de España) and administers the competition committee of the Campeonato Nacional de Liga (Primera División and Segunda División), including the handling of the trophy, even though they are organized by LaLiga. It organizes the rest of national league tiers: Primera Federación (3rd), Segunda Federación (4th) and Tercera Federación (5th). It also rules all the female national competitions except the top league, Liga F.

It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's, and youth national football teams, the futsal and beach soccer. As of 2023, the federation has 30,188 registered clubs and 1,248,511 federated football players.
Rivka Ramji
Rivka Ramji (born 29 October 2006) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Singaporean club Lion City Sailors. She has represented India at the youth level internationally.

Karnataka State Football Association
The Karnataka State Football Association (abbreviated KSFA), formerly the Mysore Football Association, is one of the 36 Indian state football associations that are affiliated with the All India Football Federation. The KSFA administers football in the Indian state of Karnataka. The men's and women's professional leagues operate under it. Since January 2017, N. A. Haris has been serving as the president. It sends state teams for Santosh Trophy and Rajmata Jijabai Trophy.
Edílson (footballer, born 1971)
Edílson da Silva Ferreira (born 17 September 1971) is a Brazilian football pundit and retired footballer who played as a forward.

Dubbed as Capetinha, Edílson was a second striker who was known for his dribbling skills, and is mainly known for his stand-out performances with Brazilian clubs Palmeiras and Corinthians. In 1998, he received the Bola de Ouro, the award given to the best player of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A.

At international level, he received 21 caps with the Brazil national team, scoring 6 goals, and taking part in the nation's 2002 FIFA World Cup victory.

Edison is currently confined in a TV studio in Curicica, Rio de Janeiro, filming the Brazilian edition of Big Brother (Big Brother Brazil 26), where he entered as a VIP competing with other participants to win a prize of R$ 5.5 million. The show runs from January to early April, where competitors have no contact to the outside world.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Semiahmoo people
The Semiahmoo (/ˌsɛmiˈɑːmoʊ/ SEM-ee-AH-moh, /ˌsɛmiˈɑːmuː/ SEM-ee-AH-moo; Semiahmoo: SEMYOME) are a Coast Salish indigenous people whose homeland is in the Lower Mainland region of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. According to Chief James “Jimmy” Charles (1867–1952), chief of the Semiahmoo from 1909 to 1952, the word Semiahmoo means “half-moon,” and describes the shape of Semiahmoo Bay.

Lower Mainland
The Lower Mainland is a geographic and cultural region of the mainland coast of the Canadian province of British Columbia that generally comprises the regional districts of Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley. Home to approximately 3.05 million people as of the 2021 Canadian census, the Lower Mainland contains sixteen of the province's 30 most populous municipalities and approximately 60% of the province's total population.

The region was historically occupied by the Sto:lo, a Halkomelem-speaking people of the Coast Salish linguistic and cultural grouping.
Jastarnia Lighthouse
Jastarnia Lighthouse (Polish: Latarnia Morska Jastarnia) is a lighthouse in Jastarnia on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea. The lighthouse is located in Jastarnia, Pomeranian Voivodeship on the Hel Peninsula.

The lighthouse in Jastarnia is located between the lighthouse in Rozewie and the lighthouse in Hel.

Jastarnia
Jastarnia [jaˈstarɲa] (Kashubian: Jastarniô, German: Heisternest) is a resort town in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodship, northern Poland. It is located on the Hel Peninsula on the Baltic Sea. It is a popular Polish seaside resort and small fishing port.

The municipal commune of Jastarnia consists of three districts: Jastarnia, Kuźnica, Jurata.
Burn of Pheppie
The Burn of Pheppie is an easterly flowing coastal stream in Aberdeenshire, Scotland that discharges to the North Sea immediately north of the village of Muchalls. Draining chiefly agricultural lands, this stream has a notable lack of turbidity and a pH level of approximately 8.02. Armouring of the stream bottom consists of pebbles, many of which are quartzite in composition, leading to a golden-green effect in some locations.  Other nearby watercourses discharging to the North Sea include Burn of Elsick to the north and Burn of Muchalls to the south.

Burn of Muchalls
The Burn of Muchalls is an easterly flowing stream in Aberdeenshire, Scotland that discharges to the North Sea.  Its point of discharge is on a rocky beach set with scenic sea stacks.  Flowing principally over agricultural lands, the Burn of Muchalls traverses through the hamlet of the Bridge of Muchalls, flows beneath the A90 road and thence to the rugged shoreline of the North Sea slightly to the south of Doonie Point.  Just above the discharge to the North Sea is a scenic pool, used in the drowning scene of Ophelia in the Franco Zeffirelli film Hamlet.  A northern fork of the Burn of Muchalls flows over lands of Muchalls Castle prior to the confluence with the mainstem Burn of Muchalls within the Bridge of Muchalls.
Masaka–Villa Maria–Bukomansimbi–Sembabule Road
Masaka–Villa Maria–Bukomansimbi–Sembabule Road also Nyendo–Villa Maria–Bukomansimbi–Sembabule Road, is a road in the Central Region of Uganda, connecting the towns of Masaka in Masaka District, Villa Maria in Kalungu District, Bukomansimbi in Bukomansimbi District to Sembabule in Sembabule District.

Central Region, Uganda
The Central region is one of the four regions in the country of Uganda. As of Uganda's 2014 census, the region's population was 9,529,227. It is coterminous with the Kingdom of Buganda, one of the ancient African monarchies that are constitutionally recognised in Uganda.
Gmina Ślemień
Gmina Ślemień is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Żywiec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Ślemień, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Żywiec and 66 km (41 mi) south-east of the regional capital Katowice. The gmina also contains the villages (sołectwos) of Kocoń and Las.

The gmina covers an area of 45.87 square kilometres (17.7 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 3,526.

Żywiec
Żywiec (Polish pronunciation: [ˈʐɨvjɛts]) is a town on the River Soła in southern Poland, with 31,194 inhabitants (2019). It is situated within the Silesian Voivodeship, near the Żywiec Lake and Żywiec Landscape Park, one of the eight protected areas in the voivodeship. Historically and culturally, the town is part of the Lesser Poland (Małopolska) region and is the capital of the Żywiecczyzna region, which is ethnically part of the Goral Lands.

The asteroid 551231 Żywiec is named after the town.
Nasdaq CSD
Nasdaq CSD is a regional central securities depository (CSD) for Estonia, Iceland, Latvia, and Lithuania. As part of Nasdaq, Inc., it provides post-trade infrastructure for the securities markets in those countries. The depository administers securities and settles trades in shares, bonds, and other financial instruments.

Central Bank of Iceland
The Central Bank of Iceland (Icelandic: Seðlabanki Íslands, pronounced [ˈsɛðlaˌpauŋcɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is the central bank or reserve bank of Iceland. It is owned by the Icelandic government, and is administered by a governor and a seven-member supervisory board, elected by the country's parliament following each general election. It has the sole right to issue notes and coins of Icelandic krónur and to manage the state's foreign currency reserves.
SGR 1935+2154
SGR 1935+2154 (or SGR J1935+2154) is a soft gamma repeater (SGR) and ancient stellar remnant, in the constellation Vulpecula, originally discovered in 2014 by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. Currently, the SGR-phenomena and the related anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXP) are explained as arising from magnetars.

On 28 April 2020, this remnant about 30,000 light-years away in our Milky Way galaxy was observed to be associated with a very powerful radio pulse known as a fast radio burst or FRB (designated FRB 200428), and a related X-ray flare. The detection is notable as the first FRB detected inside the Milky Way, and the first to be linked to a known source. Later in 2020, SGR 1935+2154 was found to be associated with repeating fast radio bursts.

Soft gamma repeater
A soft gamma repeater (SGR) is an astronomical object which emits large bursts of gamma-rays and X-rays at irregular intervals. It is conjectured that they are a type of magnetar or, alternatively, neutron stars with fossil disks around them.
Bernadette Szőcs
Bernadette Cynthia Szőcs (Hungarian: [søːt͡ʃ], born 5 March 1995) is an ethnic Hungarian professional table tennis player from Romania.

She is the incumbent European games champion in women's singles and a three time Olympian, having participated in 2016, 2020 and 2024 editions of summer Olympics.

World Table Tennis (ITTF)
World Table Tennis, stylized as WTT, is an organization created by the ITTF in 2019 that runs commercialized table tennis tournaments. Its inaugural tournament was held in November 2020 in Macao. It is distinguished from the predecessor ITTF World Tour by various rules changes and big prize money for commercialized purposes. The head of its council is Liu Guoliang, a former Olympic gold medalist and former head coach of China. The WTT is headquartered in Singapore, with other offices in China, Europe, and the US.
Eagle Peak Lookout
Eagle Peak Lookout is an active US Forest Service fire lookout tower located in the Gila National Forest approximately 18 miles east of Reserve, New Mexico. On May 22, 2022, the Eagle Peak Lookout was added to the National Historic Lookout Register.

National Historic Lookout Register
Established in 1990, the National Historic Lookout Register is a program administered by the United States Forest Service, the Forest Fire Lookout Association, the National Woodland Owners Association, the National Forestry Association, state forestry departments and Department of Interior agencies to recognize historic fire lookout towers in the United States.
Glasgow University Student Television
Glasgow University Student Television (more commonly known as GUST) is the student television station at the University of Glasgow and the oldest student-run television station in the world, founded in 1964. GUST is affiliated with the National Student Television Association (NaSTA) and broadcasts a wide range of programmes, including creative and factual as well as annual Freshers’ Week coverage. It is one of the four mediums of student media at the University of Glasgow, along with the Glasgow Guardian, Glasgow University Magazine and Subcity Radio.

Subcity Radio
Subcity Radio (formerly Sub City and SubCity) is a non-profit freeform radio station, arts collective and events promoter based at the University of Glasgow which is run by volunteers from the university and local community with the aim of providing an alternative to commercial and mainstream radio providers. It currently broadcasts online year round and until September 2009 also on temporary short-term FM Restricted Service Licence broadcasts. The station also hosts a large catalogue of audio for on-demand listening and podcasting, including recordings of the live stream, sessions, interviews, news and live recordings. Off-air, Subcity runs various events and club nights throughout the year, with previous venues including the Sub Club, Art School, Research Club, Stereo, and The Arches.
Electoral district of Gloucester and Macquarie
Gloucester and Macquarie was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales in the first and second Parliaments (1856-1859), named after Gloucester and Macquarie counties on the Mid North Coast. It was abolished in 1859 with Macquarie, the  north-east of Gloucester and the Macleay River area forming the new district of Electoral district of Hastings (New South Wales), while the rest of Gloucester was split between Lower Hunter, Northumberland and The Williams.

Electoral district of Williams (New South Wales)
The Williams was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1859 in the northern part of the Hunter Region and named after the Williams River. In 1880, it was replaced by Durham and Gloucester.
Language and overseas Chinese communities
The usage of Chinese by the Chinese diaspora and their descendants has been determined by a large number of factors, including their ancestry, their migrant ancestors' "regime of origin", assimilation through generational changes, and official policies of their country of residence. The general trend is that more established Chinese populations in the Western world and in many regions of Asia have Cantonese as either the dominant variety or as a common community vernacular, while Mandarin is much more prevalent among new arrivals, making it increasingly common in many Chinatowns, though still not dominant.

Southwestern Mandarin
Southwestern Mandarin (Chinese: 西南官话; pinyin: Xīnán Guānhuà), also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin (Chinese: 上江官话; pinyin: Shàngjiāng Guānhuà), is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in much of Southwestern China, including in Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the northwestern part of Hunan, the northern part of Guangxi and some southern parts of Shaanxi and Gansu.

Southwestern Mandarin is spoken by roughly 260 million people. If considered a language distinct from central Mandarin, it would be the eighth-most spoken language by native speakers in the world, behind Mandarin itself, Spanish, English, Hindi, Portuguese, Arabic and Bengali.
Aqaba Governorate
Aqaba (Arabic: العقبة al-ʻAqabah) is one of the governorates of Jordan, located south of Amman, capital of Jordan. Its capital is Aqaba. It is the fourth largest governorate in Jordan by area and is ranked 10th by population.

Aqaba, the port at the Red Sea, plays an important role in the economic life of Jordan.  Two of Jordan's top three tourist destinations lie in Aqaba Governorate, Wadi Rum, and the port city of Aqaba. The port is Jordan's most important import/export hub.  The industrial port lies about 15 km to the south from the beaches and the Aqaba city center.

Gulf of Aqaba
The Gulf of Aqaba (Arabic: خَلِيج الْعَقَبَة, romanized: Khalīj al-ʿAqaba) or Gulf of Eilat (Hebrew: מפרץ אילת, romanized: Mifrátz Eilát) is a large gulf at the northern tip of the Red Sea, southeast of the Sinai Peninsula, and west of the Arabian Peninsula. Its coastline is divided among four countries: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.