hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Billy Humphries
William McCauley Humphries (born 8 June 1936), known as Billy Humphries, is a Northern Irish former footballer who played as a winger. He played in the Irish League with Glentoran and Ards, and in England with Leeds United, Coventry City and Swansea Town in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. He won 14 international cap for Northern Ireland. He also won three amateur caps for Northern Ireland and twelves caps for the Irish League representative team.

Northern Ireland Football Writers' Association Player of the Year
The Northern Ireland Football Writers' Association Player of the Year (often called the NIFWA Player of the Year) is an annual award given to the player who is adjudged to have been the best of the season in the NIFL Premiership. It is one of two association football Player of the Year awards in Northern Ireland, with the other being the Ulster Footballer of the Year award.

The award has been presented since the 1969–70 season and the winner is chosen by a vote amongst members of the association. The first winner of the award was Des Dickson of Coleraine. The player to have received the award more than any other is Glenn Ferguson, who has collected the award on three occasions, the last of which was in 2006. Two other players have won the award twice; Ivan Murray was the first in 1975 and Vinny Arkins was the most recent, in 2002.
NGC 814
NGC 814 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is estimated to be about 70 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 30,000 ly. NGC 814 was discovered on January 6, 1886, by the American astronomer Ormond Stone.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Hermann Gonçalves Schatzmayr
Hermann Gonçalves Schatzmayr (May 11, 1936 – June 21, 2010) was a Brazilian virologist and researcher of Austrian descent. He was the head of the Department of Virology at the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC / Fiocruz) for 30 years and was the president of the institution from 1990 to 1992. He was one of the most important virologists from Brazil.

Austrian Brazilians
Austrian Brazilians (Portuguese: Austro-brasileiro, Austríaco brasileiro) refers to Brazilians of full, partial, or predominantly Austrian ancestry, or Austrian-born people residing in Brazil. Brazil is home to the second largest German-Austrian population outside their respective nations, after the United States. German is the second most spoken language in the country.
The author Stefan Zweig who wrote about Brazil, and the Habsburg-Lorraine Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil, are among the most prominent Austrians to settle in Brazil.
Wrightia tinctoria
Wrightia tinctoria, Pala indigo plant or dyer's oleander, is a flowering plant species in the genus Wrightia found in India, southeast Asia and Australia. It is found in dry and moist regions in its distribution. Various parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine, but there is no scientific evidence it is effective or safe for treating any disease.

William Roxburgh
William Roxburgh FRSE FRCPE FLS (3/29 June 1751 – 18 February 1815) was a Scottish surgeon and botanist who worked extensively in India, describing species and working on economic botany. He is known as the founding father of Indian botany. He published numerous works on Indian botany, illustrated by careful drawings made by Indian artists and accompanied by taxonomic descriptions of many plant species. Apart from the numerous species that he named, many species were named in his honour by his collaborators. He was the first to document the existence of the Ganges river dolphin.
Preeti Mistry
Preeti Mistry is a London-born Californian chef. They were a former contestant on Top Chef: Las Vegas (2009) and a James Beard Foundation nominee twice for “Best Chef of the West” in 2017 and 2018. Mistry was the owner of the former Juhu Beach Club (2012–2017), in the Temescal neighborhood of Oakland, California.

Mistry graduated from Le Cordon Bleu, and early in their career they worked at Peter Gordon’s Sugar Club in London. They are queer and nonbinary, using the pronouns they/them.

In 2021, Mistry launched a podcast, Loading Dock Talks with Preeti Mistry. In 2025, they won a James Beard Award for their podcast episode "Cream Pie with Telly Justice" in the Audio Programming category.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Manki, Uttar Pradesh
Manki  is a village situated in the Deoband Mandal of Saharanpur District in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The village is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from its Mandal headquarters at Deoband. Manki is known for GADA  Biradri or GAUR. It is also famous for ancient Shiv Mandir (Shivalay). Manki is famous for its hospitality. Every year bhole come from different part of country stay there at Shiv Mandir and the go to Haridwar for taking holly bath. Every Monday in srawan month , a festival is organised at Shiv Mandir and people from across the country join this festival.

The village is located at 29°41′55″N 77°43′28″E﻿ / ﻿29.69861°N 77.72444°E﻿ / 29.69861; 77.72444 at an elevation of 257 m (843 ft).

Villages nearby include Talheri Khurd (1.8 km (1.1 mi)), Miragpur (2.3 km (1.4 mi)), Sanpla Bakkal (2.4 km (1.5 mi)), Dugchari Malakpur (2.7 km (1.7 mi)), Bibipur (2.8 km (1.7 mi)), Sadharanapur (3.5 km (2.2 mi)) and Salhapur (3.6 km (2.2 mi)).

Deoband
Deoband is a town and a municipality in Saharanpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, about 150 km (93 miles) from Delhi. Darul Uloom Deoband, an Islamic seminary and one of the largest Islamic institutions of India is located there.
2022 Afghanistan floods
In May 2022, floods affected several parts of Afghanistan, killing 429 people. It was later reported the 182 people died due to flooding in August, as well as 40 people in July and 19 in June. From June to August, just as the country was recovering from an earthquake in Khost Province, floods hit again, killing 19 in June, 39 in July, and 182 others in August.

June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake
A 4.0-kilometre (2.5 mi) deep earthquake measuring a  magnitude (Mw ) of 6.2 struck southeastern Afghanistan on 22 June 2022 at 01:24:36 AFT (on 21 June 2022 at 20:54:36 UTC). The earthquake had a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). There were between 1,052 to 1,163 deaths and 1,627 to 2,976 injured in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The worst affected provinces in Afghanistan were Paktika, Paktia, Khost, and Nangarhar. Casualties and damage also occurred in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. At least 10,000 homes collapsed or were severely damaged. The earthquake's shallow hypocenter, proximity to populated areas, and low building quality all contributed to its destructive effects. Shaking was felt over 500 km (310 mi) away by at least 119 million people, including Pakistan's Punjab and parts of India and Iran.
Kenji Haga
Mikio Tōma (當眞 美喜男, Tōma Mikio; born July 21, 1961), known professionally as Kenji Haga (羽賀 研二, Haga Kenji), is a Japanese television personality, actor and businessman. Haga was born in USCAR to an American father and a Japanese mother.

His relationship with Anna Umemiya during 1994-97 made headlines.

he married in 2006 but divorce in 2015 after having two daughters.
On June 30, 2007, Haga was arrested along with four others including former world champion professional boxer Jiro Watanabe, actor Ginji Yoshikawa[jp], and two affiliates of the Yamaguchi-gumi syndicate; one Toshikazu Kawakita and the other unidentified.
The group were arrested over allegedly blackmailing a real estate agent in Osaka into forgiving 400 million yen's worth of Haga's debt.

On February 10, 2026, Okinawa Prefectural Police arrested Haga on suspicion of sexual assualt which occurred in March, 2025.

Anna Umemiya
Anna Umemiya (梅宮 アンナ, Umemiya Anna; born August 20, 1972) is a Japanese television personality and model. Born in Tokyo, she is the daughter of a Japanese father and an American mother, herself a former model. Her father, Tatsuo Umemiya, was an actor, and former original Iron Chef judge.

Umemiya has a daughter, Momoka, by her former husband, identified only as "Mr C", whom she divorced on 28 January 2003 after an 18-month marriage.
Amalickiah
In the Book of Mormon, Amalickiah (/əˌmælɪˈkaɪ.ə/) was a Nephite dissenter. His first appearance in the text is as a political dissident with aspirations to re-establish a monarchy.  Later, after seizing the Lamanite throne, Amalickiah led a war to enslave the Nephites. After his death he was succeeded by his brother Ammoron. The story appears in the latter half of the Book of Alma.

Amalickiah has been appraised by some theologians as a narrative mirror to Ammon and as an inversion of other heroes within the Book of Mormon, notably Captain Moroni.

Ammon (Book of Mormon missionary)
In the Book of Mormon, Ammon (/ˈæmən/) is a prominent Nephite missionary and a son of King Mosiah. He originally opposes the church, but along with his brothers and Alma the Younger, is miraculously converted. Following his conversion he serves a mission to the Lamanites and converts Lamoni and his people.
WinDiff
WinDiff is a graphical file comparison program published by Microsoft, distributed with Microsoft Windows Support Tools, certain versions of Microsoft Visual Studio, and as source-code with the Platform SDK code samples. WinDiff was included in the Windows SDK (previously known as the Resource Kit, later Platform SDK) since 1992 until Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4 (a.k.a. Windows SDK 7.1). Because portions of the Windows SDK were shipped in Visual Studio, WinDiff was also included in Visual Studio until Visual Studio 2010. WinDiff was removed from the Windows 8 SDK and therefore is not included in Visual Studio 2012 or any later version. A number of unofficial standalone uploads of the program remain available.

File comparison
In computing, file comparison is the calculation and display of the differences and similarities between data objects, typically text files such as source code.

The methods, implementations, and results are typically called a diff, after the Unix diff utility. The output may be presented in a graphical user interface or used as part of larger tasks in networks, file systems, or revision control.

Some widely used file comparison programs are diff, cmp, FileMerge, WinMerge, Beyond Compare, and File Compare.

Many text editors and word processors perform file comparison to highlight the changes to a file or document.
Purushottam Mavalankar
Purushottam Ganesh Mavalankar (3 August 1928 in Ahmedabad – 14 March 2002 in Ahmedabad) was an Indian political scientist, educationist, and an independent Member of Parliament for two consecutive terms.

Mavalankar was son of the first speaker of the Lok Sabha, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar. In 1972, he was elected to the 5th Lok Sabha in a by-election from Ahmedabad constituency in Gujarat state. In 1977, he was re-elected to the 6th Lok Sabha from Gandhinagar in Gujarat on Janata Party's ticket. He lost from Gandhinagar in 1980 election. Mavalankar died on 14 March 2002.

He was also the author of the book No Sir, which consisted his parliamentary speeches during Emergency.

6th Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. The 6th Lok Sabha, which ran from 23 March 1977 to 22 August 1979 was elected in February and March 1977. 11 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 6th Lok Sabha after the 1971 Indian general election.

Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister on 24 March 1977 after Janata alliance won 295 seats, 242 more than the previous 5th Lok Sabha.

Charan Singh became the Prime Minister on 28 July 1979 with the support of Indira Gandhi (Congress (I)); but resigned on 20 August 1979 since he was not ready to remove charges against Indira Gandhi and her family from the Emergency days and advised the President to dissolve the Lok Sabha.  The Sixth Lok Sabha was dissolved on 22 August 1979 by the President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy and Charan Singh remained as the caretaker Prime Minister till 14 January 1980, the formation of the next 7th Lok Sabha following the 1980 Indian general election.
1998 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group I – Initial Pool C
Initial Group C of the 1998 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group I was one of six pools in the Americas Zone Group I of the 1998 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the team coming first advancing to Placement Pool A, the team coming second going to Placement Pool B, and the team coming last falling to Placement Pool C.

1998 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group I – Placement Pool A
Placement Group A of the 1998 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group II was one of six pools in the Americas Zone Group I of the 1998 Fed Cup. The three teams that placed first in the initial pools competed in a round robin competition, with the top team advancing to the World Group II Play-offs.
Ali Hassan al-Jaber
Ali Hassan al-Jaber (Arabic: علي حسن الجابر, romanized: ‘Alī Ḥassan al-Jābir; 12 December 1955 – 12 March 2011) was a Qatari national working as a camera operator for the TV channel Al Jazeera.

He was the first foreign journalist killed during the First Libyan Civil War. Three other foreign photojournalists were killed in Libya while covering the war. Tim Hetherington and Chris Hondros were killed in Misrata. Anton Hammerl was killed outside of Brega.

Tim Hetherington
Timothy Alistair Telemachus Hetherington (5 December 1970 – 20 April 2011) was a British photojournalist. He produced books, films and other work that "ranged from multi-screen installations, to fly-poster exhibitions, to handheld device downloads" and was a regular contributor to Vanity Fair.

He was best known for the documentary film Restrepo (2010), which he co-directed with Sebastian Junger. Restrepo won the Grand Jury Prize for best documentary at Sundance Film Festival 2010 and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011. Hetherington won various awards including the 2008 World Press Photo of the Year.

He was killed by shrapnel from either a mortar shell or an RPG fired by Libyan forces while covering the 2011 Libyan civil war.
1999 Asian Women's Handball Championship
The 1999 Asian Women's Handball Championship was the seventh Asian Championship, which was taking place from 24 to 30 January 2000 in Kumamoto, Japan. It acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2000 Olympic Games.

Asian Women's Handball Championship
The AHF Asian Women's Handball Championship is a biennial continental handball competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Asian Handball Federation (AHF). Since 2018, it also includes teams from Oceania. The competition also serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF World Women's Handball Championship.

The current champion is Japan, which won its 2nd title at the 2024 tournament.
Crested treeswift
The crested treeswift (Hemiprocne coronata) is a species of tree swift. It was for some time considered the same species as its eastern relative, the gray-rumped treeswift (Hemiprocne longipennis), but they do not interbreed where their ranges overlap. It is distinct in flight, with long, bowed wings and a deeply forked tail that usually appears narrow and pointed.

Grey-rumped treeswift
The grey-rumped treeswift (Hemiprocne longipennis) is a species of bird in the Hemiprocnidae family. Currently, four extant species are placed in the family. Like the other members of the Hemiprocnidae, this species is closely related to true swifts, but unlike true swifts, the treeswifts are arboreal, often seen perched on trees, high-tension power transmission lines, and pylons. When perched, the wing tips cross over the tail. This species is commonly found in peninsular Malaysia, but has an extremely large range; there is limited information about population trends.
Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography
This Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography consolidates numerous references to the writings of Charles Sanders Peirce, including letters, manuscripts, publications, and Nachlass. For an extensive chronological list of Peirce's works (titled in English), see the Chronologische Übersicht (Chronological Overview) on the Schriften (Writings) page for Charles Sanders Peirce.

The Monist
The Monist: An International Quarterly Journal of General Philosophical Inquiry is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of philosophy. It was established in October 1890 by American publisher Edward C. Hegeler.
DEVS
DEVS, abbreviating discrete event system specification, is a modular and hierarchical formalism for modeling and analyzing general systems that can be discrete event systems which might be described by state transition tables, and continuous state systems which might be described by differential equations, and hybrid continuous state and discrete event systems. DEVS is a timed event system.

Moore machine
In the theory of computation, a Moore machine is a finite-state machine whose current output values are determined only by its current state. This is in contrast to a Mealy machine, whose output values are determined both by its current state and by the values of its inputs. Like other finite state machines, in Moore machines, the input typically influences the next state. Thus the input may indirectly influence subsequent outputs, but not the current or immediate output. The Moore machine is named after Edward F. Moore, who presented the concept in a 1956 paper, “Gedanken-experiments on Sequential Machines.”
Planes Mistaken for Stars
Planes Mistaken for Stars was an American rock band. The group was founded in Peoria, Illinois in 1997 and later relocated to Denver, Colorado in 1999. Working with several different labels, they released three studio albums and four EPs before breaking up in 2008. While rooted in the post-hardcore and emo scenes of the turn of the century, Planes Mistaken for Stars developed a distinctive musical style strongly influenced by heavy metal and rock and roll. Reuniting for live performances in 2010, they went on to release their fourth album Prey in 2016.

Deathwish Inc.
Deathwish Inc. is an American independent record label conceived by Jacob Bannon of Converge and Tre McCarthy in 2000. Their first release was Deeper the Wound, a split album between Converge and Japanese band Hellchild on April 23, 2001. Deathwish established itself quickly, working with a diverse group of bands and eventually becoming one of the most respected and innovative labels in contemporary hardcore punk and aggressive music in general.

After having previously worked with RED Distribution, in March 2016, Deathwish signed a global deal with Alternative Distribution Alliance (ADA), an independent distribution label under Warner Music Group that has also partnered with other punk labels including Epitaph Records, Rise Records, and Run for Cover Records.

Deathwish, Inc. has also expanded into releasing exclusive archived prints from various artists, which include Jacob Bannon.
Leonid Sandalov
Leonid Mikhaylovich Sandalov (Russian: Леонид Михайлович Сандалов) (10 April 1900, Vichuga, Ivanovo Oblast – October 23, 1987) was a Soviet military leader with the rank of colonel-general. During World War II, he led staffs of the armies and fronts. After the war, he led the staffs of military districts, he was Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army. He received various awards for his service. A talented and prolific memoirist and military analyst. Honorary Citizen of Vichuga, Kobrin, and Riga.

Vichuga
Vichuga (Russian: Ви́чуга) is a town in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia, located 65 kilometers (40 mi) northeast of Ivanovo. Population: 30,694 (2021 Census); 37,583 (2010 Census); 40,870 (2002 Census); 49,745 (1989 Soviet census); 53,000 (1970).
Luffa
Luffa is a genus of tropical and subtropical vines in the pumpkin, squash and gourd family (Cucurbitaceae).

In everyday non-technical usage, the luffa, also spelled loofah or less frequently loofa, usually refers to the fruits of the species Luffa aegyptiaca and Luffa acutangula. It is cultivated and eaten as a vegetable, but must be harvested at a young stage of development to be edible. The vegetable is popular in India, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam. When the fruit fully ripens, it becomes too fibrous for eating. The fully developed fruit is the source of the loofah scrubbing sponge. In October 2025, the world record for the heaviest luffa was broken at the NC State Fair. The luffa, grown in Graham, NC weighed 11 lb 3.3 oz (5.08 kg).

Linear elasticity
Linear elasticity is a mathematical model of how solid objects deform and become internally stressed by prescribed loading conditions. It is a simplification of the more general nonlinear theory of elasticity and a branch of continuum mechanics.

The fundamental assumptions of linear elasticity are infinitesimal strains — meaning, "small" deformations — and linear relationships between the components of stress and strain — hence the "linear" in its name. Linear elasticity is valid only for stress states that do not produce yielding. Its assumptions are reasonable for many engineering materials and engineering design scenarios. Linear elasticity is therefore used extensively in structural analysis and engineering design, often with the aid of finite element analysis.
Codex Basilensis A. N. III. 12
Codex Basilensis is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels written on parchment. It is designated by Ee or 07 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε55 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the 8th century.

The manuscript contains marginal notes, was adapted for liturgical reading, and contains some missing portions. Three leaves of the codex were overwritten by a later hand; these leaves are considered palimpsests. Though it was available for biblical scholar Desiderius Erasmus for his edition of the first published printed Greek New Testament, he never consulted it.

Uncial script
Uncial is a majuscule script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters were used to write Greek and Latin, as well as Gothic, and are the current style for Coptic and Nobiin.