hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fitzroy Pestaina
Fitzroy Elderfield Pestaina  was the Dean of Antigua from 1972  until 1976.

Pestaina was educated at Codrington College and  ordained in 1945. He was successively: Curate at  Christ Church, Barbados then Saint Michael, Barbados; Vicar of All Saints, Barbados; Rector of St Lucy, Barbados and then of Saint Peter, Barbados before his time as Dean.

He died on 16 December, 1976.

Saint Peter, Barbados
The parish of St. Peter is one of eleven in the Caribbean island country of Barbados.  It is named after the Christian Apostle and patron saint, Saint Peter.  It is located in the north of Barbados, and is the only parish besides Saint Lucy that extends from the east coast to the west.

The Barbados "Platinum Coast," which extends through Saint Peter from the parish of Saint James just to the south, has helped to make Saint Peter a tourist hot spot.  The parish is surrounded with white sand beaches, including those along Mullins Bay. Its topography includes rolling hills and terraces, some of which are still covered by sugar cane, which was the island's chief cash crop during its colonial period.  Within Saint Peter are also large tourist sites such as the Port St. Charles and Port Ferdinand marinas.  Other lavish resorts include Schooner Bay, St. Peter's Bay and The Palazzate.
Republican Nationalist Federal Union
The Republican Nationalist Federal Union (Spanish: Unión Federal Nacionalista Republicana, Catalan: Unió Federal Nacionalista Republicana. UFNR) was a left-republican political party formed in 1910 in Catalonia by the Republican Nationalist Centre and republican elements from the late Catalan Solidarity.

In 1914, UFNR signed a deal with the Radical Republican Party (PRR), the "Pact of San Gervasio", seeking to challenge the political hegemony of Regionalist League in Barcelona, but the alliance's poor results led to its disestablishment in 1917.

Radical Republican Party
The Radical Republican Party (Spanish: Partido Republicano Radical), sometimes shortened to the Radical Party, was a Spanish Radical party in existence between 1908 and 1936. Beginning as a splinter from earlier Radical parties, it initially played a minor role in Spanish parliamentary life, before it came to prominence as one of the leading political forces of the Spanish Republic.
Ani Aprahamian
Ani Aprahamian (born August 15, 1958) is a Lebanese-born Armenian-American nuclear physicist. She has taught at the University of Notre Dame since 1989. She is currently Freimann Professor of Physics at Notre Dame. She has been director of the Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) in Armenia since April 2018, the first woman to hold the position.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Chrusty, Łask County
Chrusty [ˈxrustɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Widawa, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south of Widawa, 27 km (17 mi) south-west of Łask, and 59 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Widawa, Łódź Voivodeship
Widawa [viˈdava] is a village in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Widawa. It lies approximately 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Łask and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Quantinuum
Quantinuum is a quantum computing company formed by the merger of Cambridge Quantum and Honeywell Quantum Solutions. The company's H-Series trapped-ion quantum computers set the highest quantum volume to date of 33,554,432 in September 2025. This architecture supports all-to-all qubit connectivity, allowing entangled states to be created between all qubits, and enables a high fidelity of quantum states.

Quantinuum has developed middleware and software products that run on trapped-ion and other quantum computing platforms for cybersecurity, quantum chemistry, quantum machine learning, quantum Monte Carlo integration, and quantum artificial intelligence. The company also offers quantum-computing-hardened encryption keys designed to protect data assets and enhance cryptographic defenses.

Quantum volume
Quantum volume is a metric that measures the capabilities and error rates of a quantum computer. It expresses the maximum size of square quantum circuits that can be implemented successfully by the computer. The form of the circuits is independent from the quantum computer architecture, but compiler can transform and optimize it to take advantage of the computer's features. Thus, quantum volumes for different architectures can be compared.
Constantino Chiwenga
Constantino Guveya Dominic Nyikadzino Chiwenga (born Constantine  Chiwenga; 25 August 1956) is a Zimbabwean politician and former army general currently serving,  since 2017, as the First  Vice-President of Zimbabwe under President Emmerson Mnangagwa.  In August 2020, he added the Health Ministry to his portfolio.

Since 2017, he has also been the Vice President and Second Secretary of the ruling Zimbabwean African National Union–Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) jointly serving with Kembo Mohadi. In 2017, he was the most prominent military leader involved in successfully toppling Zimbabwe's President of 37 years Robert Mugabe in a bloodless coup.

Sibusiso Moyo (politician)
Sibusiso Busi Moyo (SB Moyo) (20 November 1961 – 20 January 2021) was a Zimbabwean politician and army Lieutenant general. He was noted for announcing the ousting of Robert Mugabe on national television during the 2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état.  He went on to serve as Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Trade in the cabinet of Emmerson Mnangagwa from November 2017 until his death.
2018 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The 2018 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament was the 37th annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division III women's collegiate basketball in the United States.

Defending champions Amherst defeated Bowdoin in the championship game, 65–45, to claim the Lord Jeffs' third Division III national title.

The championship rounds were hosted at the Mayo Civic Center in Rochester, Minnesota.

NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The NCAA Division III women's basketball championship is the annual tournament organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champions of women's collegiate basketball among its Division III members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982 (when the NCAA began to sponsor women's sports at all three levels), except for 2020 or 2021 due to COVID-19.

Washington St. Louis has been the most successful program, with five national titles.

The most recent champions are NYU, who won their third national title in 2025.
Fredensborg BI
Fredensborg Boldklub og Idrætsforening (Danish: Fredensborg Ball and Sports Club), known as Fredensborg BI, is a Danish association football club located in the municipality of Fredensborg, which plays in the Denmark Series. Founded on 6 June 1908, it is one of the oldest clubs in Danish football. It competed in the 2003 and 2009 Danish Cup tournaments.

Fredensborg
Fredensborg (Danish pronunciation: [ˈfʁeˀðn̩sˌpɒˀ]) is a railway town located in Fredensborg Municipality, North Zealand, some 30 kilometres north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is most known for Fredensborg Palace, one of the official residences of the Danish royal family. As of 1 January 2025, the town had a population of 8,968.
Sulcus limitans (neural tube)
A shallow, longitudinal groove separating the developing gray matter into a basal and alar plates along the length of the neural tube. The sulcus limitans extends the length of the spinal cord and through the mesencephalon.

Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (the 28th day after conception).
Quadratic Fourier transform
In mathematical physics and harmonic analysis, the quadratic Fourier transform is an integral transform that generalizes the fractional Fourier transform, which in turn generalizes the Fourier transform.

Roughly speaking, the Fourier transform corresponds to a change of variables from time to frequency (in the context of harmonic analysis) or from position to momentum (in the context of quantum mechanics). In phase space, this is a 90 degree rotation.  The fractional Fourier transform generalizes this to any angle rotation, giving a smooth mixture of time and frequency, or of position and momentum.  The quadratic Fourier transform extends this further to the group of all linear symplectic transformations in phase space (of which rotations are a subgroup).

More specifically, for every member of the metaplectic group (which is a double cover of the symplectic group) there is a corresponding quadratic Fourier transform.

Metaplectic group
In mathematics, the metaplectic group Mp2n is a double cover of the symplectic group Sp2n. It can be defined over either real or p-adic numbers. The construction covers more generally the case of an arbitrary local or finite field, and even the ring of adeles.

The metaplectic group has a particularly significant infinite-dimensional linear representation, the Weil representation. It was used by André Weil to give a representation-theoretic interpretation of theta functions, and is important in the theory of modular forms of half-integral weight and the theta correspondence.
Myodocopida
The Myodocopida is one of the two orders within the Myodocopa, in turn a subclass of the Ostracoda. The Myodocopida are distinguished by a worm-like seventh limb, and, usually, a rostrum above an incisure (notch) from which the antennae can protrude. Unlike other ostracods, many species of the Myodocopida have lateral compound eyes Research on the cypridinid species Macrocypridina castanea have shown that the ‘window’ above its eyes—a transparent area on the shell—contains a nanostructure that transmits an unusually high 99% of blue light (350–630 nm)—the predominant light in its environment—allowing it to efficiently reach the eyes. Over the last thirty years there has been much research into the morphology, behaviour and distribution of myodocopids. More recently, DNA sequences have been used to investigate the phylogeny of various groups.

Myodocopa
Traditionally, the Myodocopa and Podocopa have been classified as subclasses within the class Ostracoda, although there is some question about how closely related the two groups actually are. The Myodocopa are defined by possession of a poorly calcified carapace, and 8–9 articles in the exopod of the second antenna. The ventral margin of the carapace is not concave, and the valves do not overlap to a great extent.

Although the carapace of myodocopans is poorly calcified, some fossils are known for the group. (In contrast, thousands of fossil species are named for the Podocopa). Of particular interest are those fossils for which the internal body parts (and not just the carapace) are preserved. This provides a lot more information about the likely relatives to the fossil taxa, including relatives still alive today. Two recent fossils of much interest have been found from Silurian deposits (dated at 425 million years ago). These fossils have well preserved internal body parts.
Intergroup anxiety
Intergroup anxiety is the social phenomenon identified by Walter and Cookie Stephan in 1985 that describes the ambiguous feelings of discomfort or anxiety when interacting with members of other groups. Such emotions also constitute intergroup anxiety when one is merely anticipating interaction with members of an outgroup. Expectations that interactions with foreign members of outgroups will result in an aversive experience is believed to be the cause of intergroup anxiety, with an affected individual being anxious or unsure about a number of issues. Methods of reducing intergroup anxiety and stress including facilitating positive intergroup contact.

Social phenomenon
Social phenomenon (singular) or social phenomena are any behaviours, actions, or events that takes place because of social influence, including from contemporary as well as historical societal influences. They are often a result of multifaceted processes that add ever increasing dimensions as they operate through individual nodes of people. Because of this, social phenomena are inherently dynamic and operate within a specific time and historical context.

Social phenomena are observable, measurable data.  Psychological notions may drive them, but those notions are not directly observable; only the phenomena that express them.
Barham, Huntingdonshire
Barham is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Barham and Woolley, in Cambridgeshire, England. Barham lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) west of Huntingdon. Barham is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 34.

Barham has over time been known by various spellings. Bercheham (11th Century) Bercham, Bergham, Berwham, Berewam, Bereuham, Beruham (13th Century) Barram, Barrham (16th Century) Barham (Modern)

Barham is around 200 feet above sea level. The church dates from the 12th Century with a modern late Norman doorway.

Huntingdon
Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there in 1599 and became one of its Members of Parliament (MP) in 1628. The former Conservative Prime Minister (1990–1997) John Major served as its MP from 1979 until his retirement in 2001.
2025 Murcia Open
The 2025 Murcia Open, known as the  Costa Cálida Región de Murcia, was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 6th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Murcia, Spain, between 17 and 23 March 2025.

Murcia Open
The Murcia Open, known as the  Costa Cálida Región de Murcia, is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Murcia, Spain since 2019.
Charlie Becker
Karl Becker (November 24, 1887 – December 28, 1968), billed as Charlie Becker,  was a German American actor. He was 3'9" in height, and is best known for appearing as the Mayor of Munchkinland in The Wizard of Oz (1939). Billy Bletcher dubbed the Mayor's vocals in the film.

Billy Bletcher
William "Billy" Bletcher (September 24, 1894 – January 5, 1979) was an American actor. He was known for voice roles for various classic animated characters, most notably Pete in Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse short films and the Big Bad Wolf in Disney's Three Little Pigs. He also voiced Spike in various Tom and Jerry shorts.
Lycopane
Lycopane (C40H82; 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriacontane), a 40 carbon alkane isoprenoid, is a widely present biomarker that is often found in anoxic settings. It has been identified in anoxically deposited lacustrine sediments (such as the Messel formation and the Condor oil shale deposit). It has been found in sulfidic and anoxic hypersaline environments (such as the Sdom Formation). It has been widely identified in modern marine sediments, including the Peru upwelling zone, the Black Sea, and the Cariaco Trench. It has been found only rarely in crude oils.

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
Energy in Ethiopia
Energy in Ethiopia includes energy and electricity production, consumption, transport, exportation, and importation in the country of Ethiopia.

Ethiopia's energy sector is crucial for its development, with wood being a primary energy source, leading to deforestation challenges. The country aims to address economic development and poverty by transitioning to alternative sources, particularly electricity.

Levelized cost of electricity
The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is a measure of the average net present cost of electricity generation for a generator over its lifetime. It is one of several cost metrics used for investment planning and to compare different methods of electricity generation on a consistent basis.

The more general term levelized cost of energy may include the costs of either electricity or heat. The latter is also referred to as levelized cost of heat or levelized cost of heating (LCOH), or levelized cost of thermal energy.
Qasimabad, Punjab
Qasimabad is a town of Sahiwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 30°30'0N 72°36'0E with an altitude of 156 metres (515 feet). Neighbouring settlements include Shujabad and Asghari.

Asghari
Asghari is a town of Sahiwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 30°28'0N 72°36'0E with an altitude of 155 metres (511 feet). Neighbouring settlements include Sikhanwala and Shujabad.
Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
The Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতার ঘোষণাপত্র), refers to the declaration of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 26 March 1971, at the onset of the Bangladesh Liberation War by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Next day on March 27 after Pakistan's brutal Operation Searchlight began killing unarmed people, Major Ziaur Rahman, broadcast the message on radio on behalf of detained leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station in Kalurghat, Chattogram. On 10 April, the Provisional Government of Bangladesh issued a proclamation on the basis of the previous declaration and established an interim constitution for the independence movement.

A. K. Khandker
Abdul Karim Khandker, BU (31 October 1930 – 20 December 2025) was a Bangladeshi military officer and politician who served as the first chief of Air Staff of the Bangladesh Air Force. He was also the Minister of Planning during the Second Hasina ministry. Khandker served as a diplomat during his service days and was the Deputy Chief of Staff of Mukti Bahini during the Bangladesh Liberation War.
J. T. Taylor (fighter)
J.T. Taylor is an American mixed martial artist born in Oregon. Known as The General, he has fought notable fighters such as Shonie Carter, Rhonald Jhun, Chris Lytle, and Ryan Schultz. He fought a total of four times for the World Extreme Cagefighting organization. He recently wrestled to a draw in a Budofights event. Lyle Beerbohm called Taylor out, but the fight has yet to materialise.

Ronald Jhun
Ronald Andrew Jhun Jr. (born September 21, 1970) is an American professional mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 1998, Jhun has formerly competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, Shooto, King of the Cage, Rumble on the Rock, and the World Fighting Alliance. Jhun is the former King of the Cage Welterweight Champion.
Nandi Awards of 1968
The Nandi Awards were presented annually by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television. The first awards were presented in 1964. The following films won awards in 1968.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Perozes
Perozes (Greek: Περόζης, from Middle Persian Pērōz) was the Sasanian Persian general opposing the Byzantines under Belisarius at the Battle of Dara (530).

According to the description of the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea, he was "a Persian, whose title was "mirranes" (for thus the Persians designate this office), Perozes by name". Mirranes (Μιρράνης) however probably refers not to an office, but to the House of Mihran, one of the seven great noble clans of the Sasanian Empire. After his defeat at Dara, he was disgraced by the Persian shah Kavadh I. Nothing else is known of his life. He may however be identical to the mirranes who according to Procopius tried to lay siege to Dara during the Anastasian War.

Procopius
Procopius of Caesarea (/proʊˈkoʊpiəs/; Ancient Greek: Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς Prokópios ho Kaisareús; Latin: Procopius Caesariensis; c. 500 – 565) was a prominent late antique Greek scholar and historian from Caesarea Maritima. Accompanying the Roman general Belisarius in Emperor Justinian's wars, Procopius became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the History of the Wars, the Buildings, and the infamous Secret History.
Grzegorz Piotrowski
Grzegorz Sławomir Piotrowski (born 3 May 1951 in Łódź) is a former captain of Security Service who was responsible for the kidnapping and murder of Jerzy Popiełuszko and was sentenced to 25 years in prison until he was released roughly a decade later, but was demoted to a lower rank.

Internal Military Service
The Internal Military Service, (Polish: Wojskowa Służba Wewnętrzna, WSW) coll. Szefostwo, was an armed  military counterintelligence, military police, and secret police within the structure of Ministry of National Defense or (MON).  It served and protected  the Polish Armed Forces against western  and central MON institutions  during the years of 1957-1990 in the Polish People's Republic or PRL.