hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japan Society North West
The Japan Society North West (JSNW) is a non-profit organisation based in northwest England. Formed in 2004, it aims to promote Japanese culture and Japan–United Kingdom relations.

The JSNW grew out of the original UK Japan Society of the North West, which was founded in 1996 to provide a focus for local companies with business interests in Japan. This organisation was eventually dissolved, and many of its former members formed the JSNW in May 2004.

The JSNW organised a Japan Day at Manchester Town Hall in 2006, which was opened by the Ambassador of Japan to the United Kingdom Yoshiji Nogami and the Lord Mayor of Manchester David Sandiford. It has since organised and hosted multiple annual events around northwest England.

Embassy of Japan, London
The Embassy of Japan in London is the diplomatic mission of Japan in the United Kingdom. The embassy occupies a large Victorian building on Piccadilly opposite Green Park, which is Grade II listed. It was formerly the Junior Constitutional Club, which was the first building in London to have its exterior entirely clad in marble.

From 1913 to 1937 the Japanese Embassy was located at 10 Grosvenor Square.
Erica intervallaris
Erica intervallaris is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape.

The plant also has one variety: Erica intervallaris var. trifolia H.A.Baker

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
2023 Spikers' Turf Invitational Conference
The 2023 Spikers' Turf Invitational Conference was the seventeenth conference and the end of the sixth season of the Spikers' Turf. The tournament began from October 20 to December 15, 2023, at the Paco Arena, Paco, Manila.

This was the inaugural Invitational conference of the league, with a format similar to the Premier Volleyball League. This is the first conference where a foreign club, Maruichi Hyogo of Japan, participated in the league.

The Sta. Elena-NU Nationals beat the Cignal HD Spikers in a thrilling 5-setter knockout match in the finals, the first of its kind in the history of the league. The visiting Maruichi Hyogo then bagged the bronze medal after defeating Saints and Lattes-Letran in another five-set match. Vince Himzon of Letran clinched the MVP of the Conference, and Jade Disquitado was awarded the MVP of the Finals.

2023 Spikers' Turf season
The 2023 Spikers' Turf season is the sixth season of the men's volleyball league Spikers' Turf, the counterpart of the women's Premier Volleyball League (formerly called Shakey's V-League).

The sixth season started on January 22, 2023, with the launch of the 2023 Spikers' Turf Open Conference.
Jan Jan, Ilam
Jan Jan (Persian: جانجان, also Romanized as Jān Jān; also known as Jājān-e Borzog and Jān Jān-e Āsmānābād) is a village in kol kol Rural District, in the Asemanabad District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,048, in 229 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Kol Kol Rural District
Kol Kol Rural District (Persian: دهستان کل کل) is in Asemanabad District of Chardavol County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kol Kol-e Olya, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,576 in 448 households.
Roads in Malta
In Malta, most of the main roads are in the outskirts of the localities to connect one urban area with another urban area. The most important roads are those that connect the south of the island with the northern part, like Tal-Barrani Road, Aldo Moro Street in Marsa (the widest road in Malta) and Birkirkara Bypass (the busiest road in Malta).

Traffic in Malta drives on the left. Car ownership in Malta is excessively high, given the islands' small size. In 1990, there were 182,254 registered cars, giving an automobile density of 582 per km2. In 2009, the country had the fifth-highest number of vehicles per capita in the world, with 607 motor vehicles per 1,000 people. At the end of March 2022, the number of licensed motor vehicles reached 414,669.

Malta has 3,096 kilometres of road, 2,704 km (87.3%) of which are paved and 392 km are unpaved as of 2008. The official road user guide for Malta is The Highway Code.

Naxxar
Naxxar (Maltese: In-Naxxar) is a town and local council in the Northern Region of Malta. The population in March 2014 was 14,891. The Naxxar Church is dedicated to Our Lady of Victories. The annual village feast is celebrated on 8 September. It formerly hosted the Maltese International Trade Fair at Maltese International Trade Fair Grounds.

Naxxar is spread over 11 square kilometres (4 sq mi).
Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth
Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth (also known as Extraterrestrial) is a popular science book written by American theoretical physicist and Harvard University astronomer Avi Loeb, published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt on 26 January 2021.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Transpose of a linear map
In linear algebra, the transpose of a linear map between two vector spaces, defined over the same field, is an induced map between the dual spaces of the two vector spaces. 
The transpose or algebraic adjoint of a linear map is often used to study the original linear map. This concept is generalised by adjoint functors.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Tuladhar
Tulādhar (Devanagari: तुलाधर) is a Nepali/Nepalese caste from the Newar community of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The name Tuladhar is derived from the Sanskrit words "tula" (weighing scale) and "dhar" (possessor), thus meaning scale-bearer or in general, merchant. Tuladhars belong to the Uray group which includes Kansakar, Tamrakar, Sthapit, Bania, Sindurakar, Selalik and other castes. They follow Newar Buddhism and speak Nepal Bhasa as a mother tongue.

Traditional Tuladhar neighborhoods are Asan (Newar: असं Nepali: असन), Nyata (Newar: न्यत) (also known as Naradevi) and Jhwa Baha in Kathmandu where they hold a number of cultural performances annually including religious dances and music concerts.

Dipankara
Dipankara (Pali: Dīpaṅkara; Sanskrit: Dīpaṃkara, "Lamp bearer") or Dipankara Buddha is one of the Buddhas of the past. He is said to have lived on Earth four asankheyyas and one hundred thousand kalpas ago. According to Buddhists, Dipankara was a previous Buddha who attained Enlightenment eons prior to Gautama Buddha, the historical Buddha.

Generally, Buddhists believe that there has been a succession of many Buddhas in the distant past and that many more will appear in the future. Dipankara was one of these previous Buddhas, while Gautama Buddha was the current and most recent Enlightened one, and Maitreya will be the next Buddha in the distant future.

Chinese Buddhism honors Dipankara as one of many Buddhas of the past. Dipankara, Gautama, and Maitreya are "the Buddhas of Three Times" in Yiguandao.
Alright with Me
"Alright with Me" is a song by British rapper Wretch 32, featuring vocals from English singer Anne-Marie and Welsh singer Prgrshn. It was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 11 December 2015 through Ministry of Sound. The song was written by Emeli Sandé and Wretch 32.

Wretch 32
Jermaine Sinclaire Scott (born 9 March 1985), better known by his stage name Wretch 32 ("three two"), is a British rapper, singer and songwriter from Tottenham, North London. He was a member of the grime collective Combination Chain Gang, before forming The Movement with Scorcher, Ghetts, and Mercston.

In 2011, Wretch 32 had three top-five charting songs from debut album Black and White and amassed over a million record sales, including the single "Don't Go" which peaked at number-one on the UK Singles Chart. In 2012, he was employed by both Adidas and Coca-Cola as one of the main faces of their London 2012 Olympics campaigns and on 1 July 2012, he won 'Best International Act' at the 2012 BET Awards.
Bombardment
A bombardment is an attack by artillery fire or by dropping bombs from aircraft on fortifications, combatants, or cities and buildings.

Before World War I, the term was limited to the bombardment of defenseless or undefended objects, houses, public buildings, etc. It was loosely employed to describe artillery attacks upon forts or fortified positions in preparation for assaults by infantry. Since then, it has come to mean any mass attack delivered by artillery or short-range tactical missiles, and later, aerial bombardment delivered by aircraft or long-range missiles.

Missile
A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.

Historically, 'missile' referred to any projectile that is thrown, shot or propelled towards a target; this usage is still recognized today with any unguided jet- or rocket-propelled weapons generally described as rocket artillery. Airborne explosive devices without propulsion are referred to as shells if fired by an artillery piece and bombs if dropped by an aircraft.

Missiles are also generally guided towards specific targets termed as guided missiles or guided rockets. Missile systems usually have five system components: targeting, guidance system, flight system, engine, and warhead. Missiles are primarily classified into different types based on firing source and target such as surface-to-surface, air-to-surface, surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles.
Bedford Park Boulevard station
The Bedford Park Boulevard station is an express station on the IND Concourse Line of the New York City Subway. Located at Bedford Park Boulevard and Grand Concourse in Bedford Park, Bronx, it is served by the D train at all times. It is also the northern terminal for the B train on weekdays.

Turnstile
A turnstile (also called a gateline, baffle gate, automated gate, turn gate in some regions) is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. A turnstile can be configured to enforce one-way human traffic. In addition, a turnstile can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, ticket, transit pass, security credential, or other method of payment or verification.  Modern turnstiles can incorporate biometrics, including retina scanning, fingerprints, and other individual human characteristics which can be scanned.

A turnstile can be used in the case of paid access (sometimes called a faregate or ticket barrier when used for this purpose), for example to access public transport, a pay toilet, or to restrict access to authorized people, for example in the lobby of an office building.
Yamashurma
Yamashurma (Tatar: Ямаширмә; Russian: Ямашурма) is a rural locality (a selo) in Vysokogorsky District, Tatarstan, Russia. The population was 1,126 as of 2010.

Yamashurma is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Vysokaya Gora, the district's administrative centre, and 46 kilometres (29 mi) northeast of Kazan, the republic's capital, by road.

The earliest known record of the settlement dates from the 16th century. It forms part of the district since 1965.

There are 22 streets in the village.

Zheleznodorozhnoy stantsii Vysokaya Gora
Zheleznodorozhnoy stantsii Vysokaya Gora (Russian: Посёлок железнодорожной станции Высокая Гора, Tatar: Биектау тимер юл станциясе бистәсе) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Vysokogorsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Population:  2,968 (2010 Census); 2,936 (2002 Census); 2,759 (1989 Soviet census).
Sofka Skipwith
Sofka Skipwith (born Sophia Petrovna Dolgorukova, Russian: Софи́я Петро́вна Долгору́кова; 23 October 1907 – 26 February 1994) was a Russian princess who, after working for Laurence Olivier and being interned by the Nazis in France in World War II, worked to save Jews from the Holocaust. She was honoured for her efforts by both the British government and by Israel, where she has been named one of the Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.

Skipwith baronets
There have been three baronetcies created in the Baronetage of England for members of the  Skipwith family of Skipwith, Yorkshire, which relocated to Lincolnshire in the 14th century. They were a successful court family, with one member, Margaret Skipwith, seen as a possible queen of England after the death of Henry VIII's third wife, Jane Seymour. One creation of the baronetcy is extant as of 2008.

The surname Skipwith is derived from Old English "sceap" (sheep) and Old Norse "vath" (ford or wading place). One ancient Skipwith coat of arms is blazoned "Argent, three bars Gules, in chief a greyhound courant Sable."
Josh Wale
Josh Wale (born 8 April 1988) is a British professional boxer. He held the British bantamweight title from 2017 to 2018. He challenged for the Commonwealth bantamweight title in 2012; the Commonwealth super bantamweight title in 2016; the European bantamweight title in 2018; and the British super bantamweight title three times between 2014 and 2019.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Gymir (father of Gerðr)
Gymir (Old Norse: [ˈɡymez̠]) is a jötunn in Norse mythology. He is the spouse of Aurboða, and the father of the beautiful jötunn Gerðr, who married the god Freyr. Gymir may be the same figure as Ægir, a personification of the sea or ocean, or a separate figure who shares the same name.

John Lindow
John Frederick Lindow (born July 23, 1946) is an American philologist who is Professor Emeritus of Old Norse and Folklore at University of California, Berkeley. He is a well known authority on Old Norse religion and literature.
Sonny Fargo
Jack Lewis Faggart (July 20, 1928 – August 20, 2008) was an American professional wrestler and professional wrestling referee, better known by the ring name Sonny "Roughhouse" Fargo. He is best known for his appearances with NWA Mid-America in the 1960s and 1970s.

AWA Southern Tag Team Championship
The AWA Southern Tag Team Championship was a professional wrestling tag team title in the Tennessee area from the 1940s through the late 1980s. It was originally named the NWA Southern Tag Team Championship (Mid-America version) from its inception through 1977, when it was renamed (as was the Southern Heavyweight Championship, also previously an NWA title) the AWA Southern Tag Team Championship due to a partnership with the American Wrestling Association. The title existed until 1988 when it was replaced with the Continental Wrestling Association Tag Team Championship.

The title was also referred to as the Mid-Southern Tag Team Championship to avoid confusion with the various other versions of the NWA Southern Tag Team Championship in Championship Wrestling from Florida (1960–1970), Georgia Championship Wrestling (1951–1968), Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling (1955–1966), Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling (1953–1969), and Southern Championship Wrestling (1981–1982).
California species of special concern
A species of special concern is a legal designation by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife for native wildlife facing significant risks. This label is applied to species that:

Have vanished from California, or for birds, no longer play their primary roles in the ecosystem

Are deemed threatened or endangered under the Federal Endangered Species Act but lack state listing

Meet the state Endangered Species Act criteria for threatened or endangered status but await formal listing

Have experienced or are currently undergoing substantial declines in population or habitat range, potentially leading to consideration for threatened or endangered status under the state Endangered Species Act if these declines persist

Possess naturally small populations that are exposed to various threats, such as habitat loss or human interference, which could result in declines meeting the criteria for threatened or endangered status under the state Endangered Species Act

California Department of Fish and Wildlife
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), formerly known as the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), is an American state agency under the California Natural Resources Agency. The Department of Fish and Wildlife manages and protects the state's wildlife, wildflowers, trees, mushrooms, algae (kelp and seaweed) and native habitats (ecosystems). The department is responsible for regulatory enforcement and management of related recreational, commercial, scientific, and educational uses. The department also prevents illegal poaching.
Theodemer (Frankish king)
Theodemer (also Theudomer) was a Frankish king. He was the son of Richomeres and his wife Ascyla. His father is to be identified with the Roman commander of that name, in which case Theodemer would have been a cousin of Arbogastes.

Arbogast (magister militum)
Arbogast or Arbogastes (died 8 September 394) was a Roman army officer of Frankish origin. He won distinction in the service of the emperor Gratian, and was subsequently entrusted by Theodosius I with the guardianship of the underage Valentinian II. After the death of Valentinian under suspicious circumstances, and the subsequent  elevation of Eugenius to Augustus of the Western Roman Empire by Arbogast,  a civil war ensued in which both Eugenius and Arbogast perished.
The Golden Idol
The Golden Idol is a 1954 American adventure film directed by Ford Beebe and starring Johnny Sheffield, Anne Kimbell and Paul Guilfoyle. It was the tenth in the 12-film Bomba, the Jungle Boy series, based on the Bomba series of juvenile adventure books. It was produced and distributed by Allied Artists

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Jalan Padang Besar–Bukit Kuan Choh
Jalan Padang Besar–Bukit Kuan Choh, (formerly assigned as Federal Route 250 and Perlis State Route R127), is an institutional federal road in Perlis, Malaysia. The road is used by the Border Regiment (Rejimen Pengurusan Sempadan) of the Malaysian Army as a border road of the Malaysia-Thailand border.

The Federal Route 250 now taken over by Bukit Payung–Telemung Highway.

Bukit Payung–Telemung Highway
Bukit Payung–Telemung Highway, Federal Route 250 is a major controlled-access highway in Terengganu, Malaysia. This highway is part of the Package 11 and 12 of the East Coast Expressway Phase 2 project (Jabur - Kuala Terengganu). This highway was opened to all traffic on 18 May 2012.
Botafogo Futebol Clube (SP)
Botafogo Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as Botafogo-SP or Botafogo de Ribeirão Preto, is a Brazilian association football club in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. They currently play in the Série B, the second tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Paulista Série A1, the top tier of the São Paulo state football league.

The club's home colours are red, white and black and the team mascot is a panther.

Campeonato Brasileiro Série C
The Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, commonly known as the Série C or the Brazilian Série C to distinguish it from the Italian Serie C, is the third tier of the Brazilian football league system.

Unlike the first and second divisions, the Série C is not played in a double round robin system, and the tournament is organized in a different format.

From 1981 to 2008, it was the lowest national division of the country. However, beginning in 2009, the Série C was reduced from 64 teams to 20 and the new Campeonato Brasileiro Série D was introduced. In its current format, the first phase is played in a single round, with 19 matches. The top eight teams qualify for a second stage and the top two of each 4-team group are promoted to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, and the group winners decide the title. The four lowest-placed teams are relegated to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.
Leyton West
Leyton West was a parliamentary constituency in the Municipal Borough of Leyton – then part of Essex but now in Greater London.
It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

Municipal Borough of Leyton
Leyton was a local government district in southwest Essex, England, from 1873 to 1965. It included the neighbourhoods of Leyton, Leytonstone and Cann Hall. It was suburban to London, forming part of the London postal district and Metropolitan Police District. It now forms the southernmost part of the London Borough of Waltham Forest in Greater London.