hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medullary ray (anatomy)
In anatomy, a medullary ray  (Ferrein's pyramid) is the middle part of a cortical lobule (or renal lobule). Each consists of a group of nephrons in the renal cortex. Their name is potentially misleading, as "medullary" refers to their destination, not their location. They travel perpendicular to the capsule, and extend from the cortex to the medulla. They may be visualised during urography.

Renal cortex
The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. In the adult, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections (cortical columns) that extend down between the pyramids. It contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla. It also contains blood vessels and cortical collecting ducts.

The renal cortex is the part of the kidney where ultrafiltration occurs. Erythropoietin is produced in the renal cortex.
Eljero Elia
Eljero George Rinaldo Elia (born 13 February 1987) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a winger.

He turned professional at ADO Den Haag and then played for Twente before moving abroad to represent Hamburger SV, Juventus and Werder Bremen. In 2015, he came back to his home country to play for Feyenoord before moving to İstanbul Başakşehir in 2017. After three seasons in Turkey he returned to the Netherlands to play a season at Utrecht and another at his boyhood club ADO Den Haag, where he retired in 2022.

Elia scored on his debut for Netherlands in September 2009 and was part of the Netherlands squad which reached the final of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

2015–16 KNVB Cup
The 2015–16 KNVB Cup tournament was the 98th edition of the Dutch national football annual knockout tournament to determine the winner of the KNVB Cup.

FC Groningen unsuccessfully defended its 2015 title losing in the third round to FC Utrecht, 5–3. Feyenoord successfully pursued its 2016 Cup title on 24 April 2016 at De Kuip stadium in Rotterdam defeating FC Utrecht, 2–1. 45,592 in attendance. They qualified for: the group stage in the Europa League the following season and the Johan Cruyff Shield, the Dutch Supercup match between the Cup winner and the champions of the Eredivisie.
Love Destiny (song)
Love Destiny is the third single album by Yui Horie. It was released on May 16, 2001 by the label Starchild. Two tracks, "Love Destiny" and "Tsubasa" (翼) were used in the first season of the anime series, Sister Princess as well as their alternative versions were used in Horie Yui's album Kuroneko to Tsuki Kikyū o Meguru Bōken.

Sister Princess
Sister Princess (Japanese: シスター・プリンセス, Hepburn: Shisutā Purinsesu) is a Japanese light novel series written by Sakurako Kimino and illustrated by Naoto Tenhiro that began serialization in 1999 and ended in 2003. In 2001, a manga series and a bishōjo game for the PlayStation were released. Sequels to the game were released for the PlayStation and Game Boy Advance.

Sister Princess was also adapted into two anime television series, both broadcast on TV Tokyo. The first series was produced in 2001 for 26 episodes. The second, Sister Princess: RePure, aired 13 episodes in 2002.
Dinoponera lucida
Dinoponera lucida is a large queenless species of ant in the subfamily Ponerinae. The species, endemic to Brazil, is threatened by habitat destruction. Workers range from  27 to 30 mm in body length, which is slightly larger than the related species Dinoponera australis, but smaller than other large ants. Males are unknown.

Ponerinae
Ponerinae, the ponerine ants, is a subfamily of poneromorph ants containing about 1,600 species in 54 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant. Mated workers have replaced the queen as the functional egg-layers in several species of ponerine ants. In such queenless species, the reproductive status of workers can only be determined through ovarian dissections.
Chigusa Takaku
Chigusa Takaku (高久 ちぐさ, Takaku Chigusa; born 11 August 1978 in Tokyo) is a Japanese actress. She has appeared in a number of Japanese TV dramas and films.

In 2010, she appeared in Aparna Sen's Bengali Film The Japanese Wife as the leading female opposite Rahul Bose.

Aparna Sen
Aparna Sen (Bengali: [ɔpoɾna ʃen] ⓘ; née Dasgupta) is an Indian film director, screenwriter and actress who is known for her work in Bengali cinema. She has received several accolades as an actress and filmmaker, including nine National Film Awards, six Filmfare Awards East and thirteen Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards. 
For her contribution in the field of arts, the Government of India honoured her with Padma Shri, the country's fourth highest civilian award.
Shuangpengxi Township, Qinghai
Shuangpengxi Township (Mandarin: 双朋西乡) is a township in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Shuangpengxi Township had a total population of 3,276: 1,582 males and 1,694 females: 774 aged under 14, 2,155 aged between 15 and 65 and 347 aged over 65.

Tongren, Qinghai
Tongren (Tibetan: ཐུན་རིན་, Wylie: thun rin; Chinese: 同仁; pinyin: Tóngrén), known to Tibetans as Rebgong (Tibetan: རེབ་གོང་, རེབ་ཀོང་ or རེབ་སྐོང་, Amdo Tibetan pronunciation: [ɾɛʋ koŋ]) in the historic region of Amdo, is the capital and second smallest administrative subdivision by area within Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai, China.

The city has an area of 3465 square kilometers and a population of ~80,000 (2002), 75% Tibetan. The economy of the city includes agriculture and aluminium mining.
Elise Ringen
Elise Ringen (born 21 November 1989) is a Norwegian former biathlete.

Her greatest achievements include a bronze medal in the relay at the 2012 World Championships, and a World Cup victory in the relay in Hochfilzen during the 2011–12 season.

Ringen retired after the 2015–16 season.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
Alfredo Pitto
Alfredo Pitto (Italian pronunciation: [alˈfreːdo ˈpitto]; 25 May 1906 – 16 October 1976) was an Italian footballer who played as a midfielder. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics, winning a bronze medal in the tournament.

Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Football was one of the tournaments at the 1928 Summer Olympics. It was won by Uruguay against Argentina, and was the last Olympic football tournament before the inception of the FIFA World Cup, which was held for the first time in 1930. This edition, along with the preceding 1924 edition, were the only tournaments in history outside of the World Cup that count as Senior World Titles equivalent to the World Cup.
Arthur Sohmer
Arthur J. Sohmer (February 16, 1926 – August 25, 1991) was an American attorney and government official who served as Chief of Staff to the Vice President to Vice President Spiro Agnew from 1969 to 1973.

Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States
The chief of staff to the vice president of the United States is the chief of staff position within the Office of the Vice President, part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States. The chief of staff has been responsible for overseeing the actions of the vice president's staff, managing the vice president's schedule, and deciding who is allowed to meet with the vice president.
Kentucky Ridge State Forest
Kentucky Ridge State Forest is a state forest in Bell County, Kentucky, United States. The 15,251-acre (61.72 km2) forest was created in 1930 as part of the Land Use and Resettlement Program. In 1954, the United States gave the forest to the state of Kentucky. It contains Pine Mountain State Resort Park.

Pine Mountain State Resort Park
Pine Mountain State Resort Park is a public recreation area located in Bell County, southeastern Kentucky, United States. Located on part of the Pine Mountain ridge in the Appalachians, the state park opened in 1924 as Kentucky's first state park. The park has hosted the annual Kentucky Mountain Laurel Festival since 1933. A portion of the park is legally dedicated as a nature preserve by the Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves.
Jewish leadership
Jewish leadership (Hebrew: מנהיגות יהודית) has evolved over time. Since the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE, there has been no single body that has a leadership position over the entire Jewish diaspora. Various branches of Judaism, as well as Jewish religious or secular communities and political movements around the world elect or appoint their governing bodies, often subdivided by country or region.

Kohen
Kohen (Hebrew: כֹּהֵן, romanized: kōhēn, pronounced [koˈ(h)en]; pl. כֹּהֲנִים, kōhănīm, [ko(h)aˈnim]) is the Hebrew word for "priest", used in reference to the Aaronic priesthood, also called Aaronites or Aaronides. They are traditionally believed, and halakhically required, to be of direct patrilineal descent from the biblical Aaron (also Aharon), brother of Moses, and thus belong to the Tribe of Levi.

During the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem (and previously the Tabernacle), kohanim performed the Temple sacrificial offerings, which were only permitted to be offered by them. Following its destruction, it seems that most of them joined the Synagogal Jewish movement before adopting gradually Rabbinic Judaism, other types of Judaism, Christianity or Islam. Today, kohanim retain a lesser though distinct status within Rabbinic and Karaite Judaism, including certain honors and restrictions.

In the Samaritan community, the kohanim have remained the primary religious leaders.
Shan King (North) stop
Shan King (North) (Chinese: 山景 (北)) is an at-grade MTR Light Rail stop located at Shan King Estate Car Park, Shan King Estate in Tuen Mun District, Hong Kong. It began service on 24 September 1988 and belongs to Zone 2. It serves the north of Shan King Estate.

There is only one platform in Shan King North stop for Line 505. Line 505 is routed via Shan King North and Shan King South in Siu Hong direction and is routed via Ming Kum in Sam Shing direction.

Tuen Mun District
The Tuen Mun District (Chinese: 屯門區) is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. As of 2025, the population was 545,000, of which 64,000 were under the age of 18. Part of the district is the Tuen Mun New Town (or simply Tuen Mun), which contains one of the largest residential areas in the New Territories.
Bryan Magee
Bryan Edgar Magee (/məˈɡiː/; 12 April 1930 – 26 July 2019) was a British philosopher, broadcaster, politician, and author, known for bringing philosophy to a popular audience.

Magee influenced popular culture with his efforts to make philosophy accessible to the layman, especially as a broadcaster on the BBC, interviewing a number of leading philosophers. In parallel, he was interested in politics and was elected as a Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the Leyton parliament constituency in the February 1974 UK general election. He also wrote books, including The Philosophy of Schopenhauer, first published in 1983, and revised in 1997. His interests included the life, thought, and works of the composer Richard Wagner.

Wolfson College, Oxford
Wolfson College (/ˈwʊlfsən/) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Wolfson is a graduate college, with particular strengths in areas like global health, environmental studies, economics, and humanities. It is located in north Oxford along the River Cherwell. The historian and philosopher Sir Isaiah Berlin was the college's first president and was instrumental in its founding in 1965. The college houses The Isaiah Berlin Literary Trust and hosts an annual Isaiah Berlin Lecture. From 2017, the president of the college has been Sir Tim Hitchens.

As of 2021, the college had a financial endowment of £60.4 million, and is registered as a charity. Wolfson's sister college at the University of Cambridge is Darwin College.
1920 All-America college football team
The 1920 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1920. The four selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1920 season are (1) Walter Camp (WC), whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly; (2) Football World magazine; (4) the International News Service, a news service operated by the Hearst newspapers; and (3) the Frank Menke syndicate (FM).   Additional notable selectors who chose All-American teams in 1920 included Walter Eckersall (WE) of the Chicago Tribune, the United Press (UP), and The New York Times (NYT).

Football World
Football World, later renamed Athletic World, was an American magazine devoted to the coverage of inter-collegiate sports.  Its masthead described it as "A Magazine With a Mission to Serve the College Man," a publication "devoted to Inter-collegiate Athletics and sports of Amateur standing only." It was founded in 1921 by J. D. Fetzer. The name of the magazine was later changed to Athletic World as the coverage extended to a broader range of sports, including women's swimming.  Unlike other sports magazines of the era, which focused on promoting a healthy lifestyle, Football World/Athletic World celebrated the entertainment value of sports with a special emphasis on the personalities of famous athletes. The magazine was renamed Outing in December 1924, reflecting a change in its focus.
Talaria
The Talaria of Mercury (Latin: tālāria) or The Winged Sandals of Hermes (Ancient Greek: πτηνοπέδῑλος, ptēnopédilos or πτερόεντα πέδιλα, pteróenta pédila) are winged sandals, a symbol of the Greek messenger god Hermes (Roman equivalent Mercury). They were said to be made by the god Hephaestus of imperishable gold and they flew the god as swift as any bird.

Sandal
Sandals are an open type of footwear consisting of a sole held to the wearer's foot by straps that go over the instep and around the ankle. Sandals may also feature a heel of varying heights. While the distinction between sandals and other types of footwear can sometimes be unclear (as with huaraches—the woven leather footwear from Mexico—and peep-toe pumps), sandals are generally understood to leave most of the foot exposed.

People choose to wear sandals for several reasons, including comfort in warm weather, economic benefits (sandals typically require less material than closed shoes and are easier to manufacture), and as a fashion statement. Sandals are commonly worn in warmer climates or during warmer seasons to keep feet cool and dry. The open design reduces the risk of developing athlete's foot compared to enclosed shoes, and wearing sandals may be part of the treatment regimen for such infections.
Nicetas (cousin of Heraclius)
Nicetas or Niketas (Greek: Νικήτας, romanized: Nikétas) was the cousin of Emperor Heraclius. He played a major role in the revolt against Phocas that brought Heraclius to the throne, where he captured Egypt for his cousin. Nicetas remained governor of Egypt (or at least Alexandria) thereafter, and participated also in the Byzantine–Sassanid War of 602–628, but failed to stop the Sassanid conquest of Egypt ca. 618/619. He disappears from the sources thereafter, but possibly served as Exarch of Africa until his death.

Walter Kaegi
Walter Emil Kaegi (November 8, 1937, New Albany, Indiana – February 24, 2022) was a historian and scholar of  Byzantine history, professor of history at the University of Chicago, and a Voting Member of The Oriental Institute. He received his B.A. from Haverford College in 1959 and his PhD from Harvard University in 1965. He was known for his researches on the period from the 4th through 11th centuries with a special interest in the advance of Islam, interactions with religion and thought, and military subjects. Kaegi is also distinguished for analyzing the Late Roman period in European and Mediterranean context, and has written extensively on Roman, Vandal, Byzantine and Muslim occupation of North Africa. He was known also as the co-founder of the Byzantine Studies Conference and the editor of the journal Byzantinische Forschungen.
Karen Stack Umlauf
Karen Stack Umlauf is a former executive and assistant coach of the National Basketball Association's Chicago Bulls.

Stack Umlauf was a standout basketball player for the Northwestern Wildcats in the early 1980s. After a year of playing basketball overseas, she joined the Bulls in 1985, starting with a role of selling tickets. Over the next decades, she rose to become director of basketball operations for 20 years and later senior director of basketball administration.

In 2017, she lobbied Bulls head of basketball operations John Paxson to let her coach. She was first assigned to the summer league. In so doing, she became the Bulls' first female assistant coach, combining that role with the role of director of team operations.

On October 12, 2020, the organization announced Stack Umlauf would not return to the coaching staff under newly hired head coach Billy Donovan.

John Paxson
John MacBeth Paxson (born September 29, 1960) is an American basketball administrator and former player who was vice president of basketball operations for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 2009 to 2020. He was their general manager from 2003 to 2009. Paxson played eleven NBA seasons for the San Antonio Spurs and Chicago Bulls, winning three championships as a member of the Bulls. He was an All-American college player at the University of Notre Dame.
Oribe ware
Oribe ware, also known as 織部焼 (Oribe-yaki), is a style of Japanese pottery that first appeared in the sixteenth century. It is a type of Japanese stoneware recognized by its freely-applied glaze as well as its dramatic visual departure from the more somber, monochrome shapes and vessels common in Raku ware of the time. The ceramics were often asymmetric, with eccentric shapes; deformed shapes were not  uncommon. These shapes were achieved through moulding rather than turning on a potter's wheel. Some bowls were so deformed that they were difficult to use – even whisking tea could become difficult.

Raku ware
Raku ware (楽焼, raku-yaki) is a type of Japanese pottery traditionally used in Japanese tea ceremonies, most often in the form of chawan tea bowls. It is traditionally characterised by hand-shaping techniques, a high degree of porosity in the finished product (the result of low firing temperatures), lead glazes, and the removal of pieces from the kiln while still glowing hot. In the traditional Japanese process, the fired raku piece is removed from the hot kiln and is allowed to cool in the open air.

The Western version of raku was developed in the 20th century by studio potters.  Typically wares are fired at a high temperature, and after removing pieces from the kiln, the wares are placed in an open-air container filled with combustible material, which is not a traditional Raku practice in Japan.  The Western process can give a great variety of colors and surface effects, making it very popular with studio and amateur potters.
Direct digital synthesis
Direct digital synthesis (DDS) is a method employed by frequency synthesizers to create arbitrary waveforms from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. DDS is used in applications such as signal generation, local oscillators in communication systems, function generators, mixers, modulators, sound synthesizers and as part of a digital phase-locked loop.

Local oscillator
In electronics, the term local oscillator (LO) refers to an electronic oscillator when used in conjunction with a mixer to change the frequency of a signal. This frequency conversion process, also called heterodyning, produces the sum and difference frequencies from the frequency of the local oscillator and frequency of the input signal to the mixer. Processing a signal at a fixed frequency gives a radio receiver improved performance. In many receivers, the function of local oscillator and mixer is combined in one stage called a "converter" - this reduces the space, cost, and power consumption by combining both functions into one active device.

The term local refers to the fact that the frequency is generated within the circuit and is not reliant on any external signals, although the frequency of the oscillator may be tuned according to external signals.
Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Welterweight
The men's welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1956 Summer Olympics.  The weight class was allowed boxers of up to 67 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 24 November to 1 December 1956. 16 boxers from 16 nations competed.

Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at the West Melbourne Stadium. A total number of 164 competitors entered from 35 nations, of whom 161 from 34 nations weighed-in and boxing was held eight nights and five afternoons. The boxing schedule began on 23 November and ended on 1 December. Ten boxing events (all men's individual) were contested.
The Scots Independent
The Scots Independent is a monthly Scottish political newspaper that is in favour of Scottish independence.  It was formed in 1926 with William Gillies as editor, by the Scots National League (SNL) and switched its allegiance to the National Party of Scotland (NPS) when the SNL joined with them in 1928.

When the NPS merged with the Scottish Party in 1934 to form the Scottish National Party (SNP) they switched to supporting them.  The paper is still today largely pro-SNP.

Editors of the paper have included Arthur Donaldson, Robert McIntyre, Tom H. Gibson, John L. Kinloch, Alastair Macdonald, Michael Grieve, Albert D. Mackie, David Murison, Douglas Stewart, Alwyn James, Colin Bell, W. Kenneth Fee and James and Jennifer Taggart.

Scottish Party
The Scottish (Self-Government) Party was a Scottish nationalist political party formed in 1932 by a group of members of the Unionist Party who favoured the establishment of a Dominion Scottish Parliament within the British Empire.  The Scottish Party differed from the existing National Party of Scotland (NPS) on the grounds that the NPS and the form of Scottish independence it advocated was ambiguous about the Empire, and they also disagreed with the left-of-centre platform of the NPS.
Mountains of the Moon (Africa)
The Mountains of the Moon (Latin: Montes Lunae; Arabic: جبال القمر, Jibālu al-Qamar or Jibbel el Kumri) are a legendary mountain or mountain range in east Africa at the source of the Nile River. Various identifications have been made in modern times, the Rwenzori Mountains of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo being the most celebrated.

John Hanning Speke
John Hanning Speke (4 May 1827 – 15 September 1864) was an English explorer and army officer who made three exploratory expeditions to Africa. He is most associated with the search for the source of the Nile (known to locals as Kiyira in Luganda) and was the first European to reach Lake Victoria (known to locals as Nam Lolwe in Dholuo and Nnalubaale in Luganda or Ukerewe).