hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radiant energy
In physics, and in particular as measured by radiometry, radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. As energy, its SI unit is the joule (J). The quantity of radiant energy may be calculated by integrating radiant flux (or power) with respect to time. The symbol Qe is often used throughout literature to denote radiant energy ("e" for "energetic", to avoid confusion with photometric quantities). In branches of physics other than radiometry, electromagnetic energy is referred to using E or W. The term is used particularly when electromagnetic radiation is emitted by a source into the surrounding environment. This radiation may be visible or invisible to the human eye.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Mona, Utah
Mona is a city in Juab County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 1,750. It is part of the Provo–Orem metropolitan area.

The city is about halfway between Santaquin and Nephi along Interstate 15. The population was 850 at the 2000 census, which at the time was sufficient under Utah state law for Mona to become a city. It did so in 2001.

A farm owned by Young Living raises 200 acres (0.81 km2) of lavender on the north side of town. Mona is known for its annual Lavender Festival.

Provo–Orem metropolitan area
The Provo–Orem, UT Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget, is a metropolitan statistical area consisting of two counties in Utah, anchored by the cities of Provo and Orem. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 671,185.
Robert D. Reem
Second Lieutenant Robert Dale Reem (October 20, 1925 – November 6, 1950) was a United States Marine Corps officer who posthumously received the United States' highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor — for his heroic actions during the advance to the Chosin Reservoir in the Korean War; he threw himself on an enemy grenade, sacrificing his life to save his men.

7th Marine Regiment
The 7th Marine Regiment is an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, California.  Nicknamed the "Magnificent Seventh", the regiment falls under the command of the 1st Marine Division and the I Marine Expeditionary Force.
Hinduism in Meghalaya
Hinduism is a minority religion in the Meghalaya state of India constituting 12% of the state's population. The Nartiang Durga Temple in Meghalaya is one of the 51 Shakta pithas on Earth and is considered by Hindus of Meghalaya as the permanent abode of Goddess Durga. Hinduism is a popular religion practice by Rabhas, Hajongs, Kochs, Rajbongshis, Mikirs, Bengalis, Nepalis, Biharis etc.

Nepalis
Nepali or Nepalese or Gorkhali (Nepali: नेपाली जनता) are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term Nepali strictly refers to nationality, meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners (Nepali: नेपाली भाषी विदेशी). The term Nepali is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates.

Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population.
My People (Duke Ellington album)
My People is an album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington, written and recorded in 1963 for a stage show and originally released on Bob Thiele's short-lived Contact label before being reissued on the Flying Dutchman label and later released on CD on the Red Baron label. The album features recordings of compositions by Ellington for a stage show presented in Chicago as part of the Century of Negro Progress Exhibition in 1963.

Red Baron Records
Red Baron Records was a jazz record company and label founded by Bob Thiele around 1991.

The Bob Thiele Collective, an all-star group, recorded three albums for the label which Thiele produced. Other new recordings included music by John Hicks, Steve Marcus, David Murray, Ali Ryerson, and McCoy Tyner. Red Baron's reissues included albums by Ruby Braff, Paul Desmond, Earl Hines, Mel Lewis, and the Modern Jazz Quartet. Its list of previously unreleased material included Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn. Red Baron folded in 1996 when Bob Thiele died.
War Before Civilization
War Before Civilization: the Myth of the Peaceful Savage (Oxford University Press, 1996) is a book by Lawrence H. Keeley, a professor of archaeology at the University of Illinois at Chicago who specialized in prehistoric Europe. The book deals with warfare conducted throughout human history by societies with little technology. In the book, Keeley aims to stop the apparent trend in seeing modern civilization as bad, by setting out to prove that prehistoric societies were often violent and engaged in frequent warfare that was highly destructive to the cultures involved.

Warrior
A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.
2023 Miami Open
The 2023 Miami Open was a professional hardcourt tennis tournament played from March 21 to April 2, 2023, on the grounds of Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida in the United States. It was the 38th edition of the men's and women's event and was classified as an ATP Masters 1000 event on the 2023 ATP Tour and a WTA 1000 event on the 2023 WTA Tour.

Carlos Alcaraz and Iga Świątek were the defending champions in the men's and women's singles draw, respectively. However, Świątek withdrew before the tournament began due to injury. This was the second consecutive year that the reigning women's singles champion pulled out from the tournament. Alcaraz lost in the semifinals to Jannik Sinner.

Miami Open (tennis)
The Miami Open (also known as the Miami Masters and as the Miami Open presented by Itaú for sponsorship reasons) is an annual professional tennis tournament held in Miami Gardens, Florida, United States. It is played on outdoor hardcourts at the Hard Rock Stadium, and is held in late March and early April. The tournament is part of the ATP Masters 1000 events on the ATP Tour and part of the WTA 1000 events on the WTA Tour.

The tournament was held at the Tennis Center at Crandon Park in Key Biscayne, Florida from 1987 through 2018, featuring the top 96 men and women tennis players in the world. It moved to Miami Gardens for 2019. Following the Indian Wells Open, it is the second event of the "Sunshine Double" — a series of two elite, consecutive hard court tournaments in the United States in early spring.

In 2023, the 12-day tournament was attended by over 386,000 attendees, making it one of the largest tennis tournaments outside the four Grand Slam tournaments.
Women in Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a Constitutional Republic in West Africa. Since it was founded in 1792, the women in Sierra Leone have been a major influence in the political and economic development of the nation.

Sierra Leonean women face extreme gender inequality. They experience high levels of poverty, violence, and exclusion. Nevertheless, they have also played an important role in the education system, founding schools and colleges, with some such as Hannah Benka-Coker being honoured with the erection of a statue for her contributions and Lati Hyde-Forster, first woman to graduate from Fourah Bay College being honored with a doctor of civil laws degree by the University of Sierra Leone.

Frances Claudia Wright
Frances Claudia Wright, OBE (5 March 1919 – 2 April 2010), was a prominent Sierra Leonean lawyer during the 20th century. Known as "West Africa's Portia", in 1941 Wright was the first Sierra Leonean woman to be called to the Bar in Great Britain and to practise law in Sierra Leone.
2015 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2015 Six Nations Under 20s Championship was a rugby union competition held between February and March 2015. England won the championship. However, no team won either a Grand Slam or the Triple Crown.

Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The Six Nations Under 20s Championship is an international rugby union tournament. It is the under-20s equivalent of the Six Nations Championship. Originally the tournament was in an under-21 format but changed to under-20s in 2008. England were the inaugural winners and they have gone on to be the tournament's most successful team, winning ten titles. Their last title came in 2024. The tournament is played annually during February and March on the same weekends as the senior men's Six Nations.
Self-Portrait at 69 years
Self-Portrait at 69 Years (Spanish: Autorretrato) is an oil painting by the Spanish painter Francisco Goya. Two original versions of this work have been preserved. One of the paintings, painted on canvas, is housed in the collections of the Prado Museum. The other, created on wood panel, is located in the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid. Both paintings were created in 1815, in the post-war period, and depict a very similar image of the artist. This is one of the most sincere and direct self-portraits of the painter.

Self-Portrait with Dr Arrieta
Self-Portrait with Dr Arrieta is the English title given to a painting by Spanish artist Francisco Goya. The work is an oil on canvas, painted in 1820, and is currently held in the Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minnesota. Many scholars have seen religious themes in the work. Other interpretations compare and contrast the painting with Goya's series of Black Paintings, contextualizing the work within his career at large.
Yelatomsky Uyezd
Yelatomsky Uyezd (Ела́томский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tambov Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Yelatma.

Yelatma
Yelatma (Russian: Елатьма) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kasimovsky District of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. Population:  3,511 (2010 census); 4,002 (2002 census); 4,559 (1989 Soviet census).
WQBC
WQBC was an AM broadcasting station licensed on 1420 kHz at Vicksburg, Mississippi, United States. It was licensed on October 24, 1927, and made the claim of being the oldest operating radio station in Mississippi and one of the few remaining stations that still had their original call signs. Its license was surrendered on September 28, 2020, after having been off the air since January 12, 2019.

Well-known alumni of WQBC include bluesman extraordinaire Willie Dixon, and his Jubilee Singers, Adrian Cronauer, the inspiration for Good Morning, Vietnam, and Woodie Assaf, the longest-serving weatherman in the United States, who began his broadcasting career at WQBC in the 1940s before moving to 620 WJDX (AM) in Jackson, Mississippi and working at its sister station, WLBT TV 3 from its sign-on in December 1953.

WJDX (AM)
WJDX (620 kHz) is an AM radio station licensed to serve Jackson, Mississippi.  The station is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. (formerly Clear Channel Communications until September 2014) and licensed to iHM Licenses, LLC.  It airs a news/talk/sports radio format.

Mississippi Sports This Morning, which is now airing on WJQS, was the station's flagship local program. It aired during WJDX's morning drive slot without interruption from 1998 to 2020. It was hosted by Doug Colson and Jay White. It was the longest-running daily sports talk program in Mississippi radio history.

WJDX also serves as the Jackson home for the New Orleans Saints and NASCAR.
Religious Studies Center
The Religious Studies Center (RSC) at Brigham Young University (BYU) sponsors and publishes scholarship on the culture, history, scripture, and doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

General authority
A general authority is a member of the highest levels of leadership within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who has administrative and ecclesiastical authority over the church. A general authority's jurisdiction is church-wide, in contrast to the responsibilities of a local authority or an area authority, which relate to a particular area, unit, or department of the church. As a group, the general authorities are often referred to as "the Brethren". As of April 2023, the church listed 95 general authorities.
Aven Colony
Aven Colony is a city-building strategy video game developed by Mothership Entertainment and published by Team17. The Beta was released on September 8, 2016 on Microsoft Windows. The main storyline revolves around the human colonisation of an alien planet, in which a new colony must be built in order to survive.

Strategy video game
A strategy video game is a video game genre that emphasizes strategic or tactical planning and decision-making, often involving the indirect control of multiple units and the management of limited resources, rather than the quick reflexes typical of action games.

Strategy video games are commonly divided into two main forms: turn-based strategy (TBS), in which players act in discrete turns, and real-time strategy (RTS), in which play proceeds continuously. Many also incorporate elements such as tactics, diplomacy, economics, or exploration.

Electronic strategy games developed in part from earlier non-digital board games and wargames, and scholars note that the definition of “strategy” in games is not entirely uniform across contexts.
1980–81 WFA Cup
The 1980–81 WFA Cup was an association football knockout tournament for women's teams, held between 5 October 1980 and 10 May 1981. It was the 11th season of the WFA Cup and was won by Southampton, who defeated St Helens in the final.

The tournament consisted seven rounds of competition proper.

All match results and dates from the Women's FA Cup Website.

1981 WFA Cup final
The 1981 WFA Cup Final was the 11th final of the FA Women's Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. It was the eleventh final to be held under the direct control of Women's Football Association (WFA). St Helens and Southampton Women's F.C. contested the match at Knowsley Road, the former home stadium of St Helens on 10 May 1981. The game ended 4–2 to Southampton
Ministry for Primary Industries
The Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI; Māori: Manatū Ahu Matua) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with overseeing, managing and regulating the farming, fishing, food, animal welfare, biosecurity, and forestry sectors of New Zealand's primary industries.

Forestry in New Zealand
Forestry in New Zealand has a history starting with European settlement in the 19th century and is now an industry worth seven percent of annual revenue. Much of the original native forest cover was burnt off and logged, however forests have been extensively planted, predominantly with fast-growing cultivars of the Monterey Pine. Wood chips, whole logs, lumber and paper products are exported from New Zealand.

Deforestation in New Zealand on public land attracted opposition with protests and environmental groups becoming very active.  Since 2000, logging of forests is only permitted if it is shown to be sustainable.
Ballinabranna
Ballinabranna or Ballinabrannagh (Irish: Baile na mBreatnach) is a small village in County Carlow, Ireland. It is located approximately 8 kilometres south of Carlow and 5 kilometres from Junction 6 of the M9 motorway. It is within the townland of Ballinabrannagh, and is in the barony of Idrone West. As of the 2022 census, the population of the village was 557.

Carlow
Carlow (/ˈkɑːrloʊ/ KAR-loh; Irish: Ceatharlach [ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx]) is the county town of County Carlow, in the south-east of Ireland, 84 km (52 mi) from Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 27,351, the twelfth-largest urban center in Ireland.

The River Barrow flows through the town and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow. However, the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow is thousands of years old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a major role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
Typographic alignment
In typesetting and page layout, alignment or range is the setting of text flow or image placement relative to a page, column (measure), table cell, or tab (and often to an image above it or under it).

The type alignment setting is sometimes referred to as text alignment, text justification, or type justification. The edge of a page or column is known as a margin, and a gap between columns is known as a gutter.

Glyph
A glyph (/ɡlɪf/ GLIF) is any kind of purposeful mark. In typography, a glyph is "the specific shape, design, or representation of a character". It is a particular graphical representation, in a particular typeface (or computer font), of an element of written language. (That 'element' is called a grapheme –  the conceptual abstraction of some letter, number or symbol, which is independent of the glyph designed to represent it in a particular font.)
Sunheung
Sunheung is a township administered as part of the municipality of Yeongju in North Gyeongsang, South Korea. The present local government administers an area of 54.35 square kilometers (20.98 sq mi).

Located in Sunheung is Sosu Seowon, a Neo-Confucian Academy built in the 16th century and today a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Yeongju
Yeongju (Korean: 영주; Korean pronunciation: [jʌŋ.dʑu]) is a city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It has an area of 668.84 square kilometres (258.24 sq mi) and a population of 113,930 people according to the 2008 census. The city borders Bonghwa county to the east, Danyang County of North Chungcheong Province to the west, Andong and Yecheon county to the south, and Yeongwol County of Gangwon Province to the north.

Buseoksa Temple in Yeongju is outstanding as a representative temple of the Avatamsaka Sect of Silla Buddhism.  Sosu Seowon is the first Seowon (Confucian academy) to have had national financial support by way of tax exemptions.

Yeongju is also home to a large Novelis Aluminum plant, employing approximately 1000 workers.  This plant provides flat-rolled aluminum sheet products to customers throughout Asia.
Lachhimi Sakhi
Lachhimi Sakhi (1841–1914 born in Saran, Bihar), also Laxmi Das, Lakshmi Sakhi and Laxmi Sakhi was a Saint and major figure in Bhojpuri Sant Sahitya (Saint Literature), who is mainly known for his Bhajans and Kajari songs. His real name was Lachhimi Das but since he was a follower of Sakhi sect that's why he is also known as Lachhimi Sakhi. She has written four Bhojpuri books named Amar Pharas, Amar Bilas, Amar Kahani and Amar Sidhi.

Saran district
Saran district is one of the 38 districts of Indian state of Bihar. The district, part of Saran Division, is also known as Chhapra district after the headquarters of the district, Chhapra.

It is considered as one of the richest zamindaris of Bihar after Raj Darbhanga, Hathwa Raj, Bettiah Raj and Raj Najarganj, Saran Raj.
Neal E. Boyd
Neal Evans Boyd (November 18, 1975 – June 10, 2018) was an American singer who developed an interest in opera after listening to the performances of the Three Tenors. Despite being raised in conditions of poverty within the U.S. state of Missouri, he achieved a degree in music and eventually entered the third season of America's Got Talent, winning that year's competition. In addition to music, he also became involved in politics and conducted performances at many state-wide events across Missouri.

Boyd died in June 2018, following complications brought on in his battle against liver disease. His funeral included tributes to his performance, including clips from his participation on America's Got Talent.

New England Conservatory of Music
The New England Conservatory of Music (NEC) is a private music school in Boston, Massachusetts. The conservatory is located on Huntington Avenue along the Avenue of the Arts near Boston Symphony Hall, and is home to approximately 750 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate studies, and 1,500 more in its Preparatory School and School of Continuing Education. NEC offers bachelor's degrees in instrumental and vocal classical music performance, contemporary musical arts, composition, jazz studies, music history, and music theory, as well as graduate degrees in collaborative piano, conducting, and musicology. The conservatory has also partnered with Harvard University and Tufts University to create joint double-degree, five-year programs.
Diocese of Covasna and Harghita
The Diocese of Covasna and Harghita (Romanian: Episcopia Covasnei și Harghitei) is a diocese of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Its see is the Saint Nicholas Cathedral in Miercurea Ciuc and its ecclesiastical territory covers Covasna and Harghita counties. The diocese forms part of the Metropolis of Transylvania. It has two archpriests' districts, around 110 priests in 140 churches, of which 47 are historic monuments, eight monasteries and two sketes with around 130 monks, and classes for theological education at a high school in Toplița. It was established in 1994.

Harghita County
Harghita County (Romanian: Județul Harghita, Romanian pronunciation: [harˈɡita] ⓘ and Hungarian: Hargita megye, pronounced [ˈhɒrɡitɒ]) is a county (județ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea Ciuc.
Sally Beamish
Sarah Frances Beamish OBE (born 26 August 1956) is a British composer and violist. Her works include chamber, vocal, choral and orchestral music. She has also worked in the field of music, theatre, film and television, as well as composing for children and for her local community.

Royal Scottish National Orchestra
The Royal Scottish National Orchestra (RSNO) (Scottish Gaelic: Orcastra Nàiseanta Rìoghail na h-Alba) is a Scottish orchestra, based in Glasgow. It is one of the five national performing arts companies of Scotland. Throughout its history, the Orchestra has played an important part in Scotland's musical life, including performing at the opening ceremony of the Scottish Parliament building in 2004.

Its music centre and rehearsal studios are directly connected to the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall. The RSNO performs throughout Scotland, at such venues as Glasgow Royal Concert Hall, Usher Hall, Caird Hall, Aberdeen Music Hall, Perth Concert Hall and Eden Court Theatre. Thomas Søndergård is the orchestra's current music director, since 2018.
Dinesh Debbarma
Dinesh Debbarma (1918, Salema – 28 November 2007, Agartala) was a communist politician from the Indian state of Tripura. Debbarma first represented the party while standing in the 1977 Tripura Legislative Assembly elections. He won election three consecutive times from 1977 to 1993. He was minister for two terms in 1978 and 1983.

Ganamukti Parishad
Ganamukti Parishad (Bengali for 'Tripura State Indigenous People's Liberation Council') is a left-wing movement working amongst the Tripuri peoples of Tripura, in north-eastern India. It is affiliated with Communist Party of India (Marxist) as its tribal wing.