hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Washington State Republican Party
The Washington State Republican Party (WSRP) is the state affiliate of the national United States Republican Party, headquartered in Bellevue.

Washington is considered a  blue state, with the WSRP holding no statewide offices, 2 out of the state's 10 U.S. house seats, and minorities of both houses of the state legislature as of 2024. No state has gone longer without a Republican governor than Washington. Democrats have controlled the governorship for 40 years; the last Republican governor was John Spellman, who left office in 1985. Washington has not voted for a Republican senator, governor, or presidential candidate since 1994, tying with Delaware for the longest streak in the country.

Since 2016, the WRSP and its voter base have undergone a hard right-wing shift in their political and social views. This has led to a further loss of electoral power for the party.

Washington State Senate
The Washington State Senate is the upper house of the Washington State Legislature. The body consists of 49 members, each representing a district with a population of approximately 160,000. The state senate meets at the Legislative Building in Olympia.

As with the lower House of Representatives, state senators serve without term limits, and senators serve four-year terms. Senators are elected from the same legislative districts as House members, with each district electing one senator and two representatives. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the state senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards.
2018 Chimney Canyon shootout
On June 12, 2018, a shooting between a United States Border Patrol agent and alleged Mexican smugglers took place, in which the Border Patrol agent was wounded. The incident took place in a remote area in southern Arizona near the U.S.-Mexican Border, near the community of Arivaca, Arizona.

United States Border Patrol
The United States Border Patrol (USBP) is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and is responsible for securing the borders of the United States. According to its website as of 2022, its mission is to "Protect the American people, safeguard our borders, and enhance the nation’s economic prosperity."

With 19,648 agents in 2019, the Border Patrol is one of the largest law enforcement agencies in the United States. For fiscal year 2017, Congress enacted a budget of $3,805,253,000 for the Border Patrol.
Ken Gibler
Kenneth Bernard Gibler (January 31, 1931 – November 23, 1990) was an American football and track coach. He served as the head football coach at Missouri Valley College in Marshall, Missouri from 1968 to 1990, compiling a record of 162–64–8.

A native of Grain Valley, Missouri, Gibler attended Missouri Valley College, where he played college football as an end for four seasons before graduating in 1957. He was the head football coach at Blue Springs High School in Blue Springs, Missouri from 1957 to 1961, tallying a mark of 27–18–4. Gibler returned to Missouri Valley as after working as an assistant football coach at Northern Arizona University for six seasons under head coaches Max Spilsbury and Andy MacDonald.

Gibler died of cancer on November 23, 1990, in Marshall.

Max Spilsbury
Max Reed Spilsbury (June 16, 1924 – November 21, 2001) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Northern Arizona University–then known as Arizona State College at Flagstaff–from 1956 to 1964, compiling a record of 58–25–5.

Spilsbury was the father of actor Klinton Spilsbury.
Thamunwal
Thamunwal is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) from Nakodar, 26.7 kilometres (16.6 mi) from Kapurthala, 50 kilometres (31 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 176 kilometres (109 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Gabardini biplane
The Gabardini biplane was an Italian single seat biplane, designed and built near the beginning of World War I.  It was an advanced trainer and could be fitted with engines of output between about 40 to 80 kW (55 to 105 hp).

Rotary engine
The rotary engine is an early type of internal combustion engine, usually designed with an odd number of cylinders per row in a radial configuration. The engine's crankshaft remained stationary in operation, while the entire crankcase and its attached cylinders rotated around it as a unit. Its main application was in aviation, although it also saw use in a few early motorcycles and automobiles.

This type of engine was widely used as an alternative to conventional inline engines (straight or V) during World War I and the years immediately preceding that conflict. It has been described as "a very efficient solution to the problems of power output, weight, and reliability".

By the early 1920s, the inherent limitations of this type of engine had rendered it obsolete.
Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera expedition (1525)
In 1525, a Spanish military expedition was launched to reconquer the exclave of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, which was taken by the Moroccan Wattasids in 1522. The campaign ended in a fiasco for the Spanish troops.

Wattasid dynasty
The Wattasid dynasty (Arabic: الوطاسيون, al-waṭṭāsīyūn) was a ruling dynasty of Morocco. Like the Marinid dynasty, its rulers were of Zenata Berber descent. The two families were related, and the Marinids recruited many viziers from the Wattasids. These viziers eventually assumed the powers of the Sultans, seizing control of the Marinid dynasty's realm when the last Marinid, Abu Muhammad Abd al-Haqq, who had massacred many of the Wattasids in 1459, was murdered during a popular revolt in Fez in 1465.

Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya was the first Sultan of the Wattasid Dynasty. He controlled only the northern part of Morocco, the south being divided into several principalities. The Wattasids were finally supplanted in 1554, after the Battle of Tadla, by the Saadi dynasty princes of Tagmadert who had ruled all of southern Morocco since 1511.
Monte Penoso
Monte Penoso is a mountain on the island of Maio, Cape Verde. At 436 m elevation, it is the island highest point. It is situated in the eastern part of the island, 3 km southwest of Pedro Vaz and 13 km northeast of the island capital Porto Inglês. The mountain is of volcanic origin. It is part of the protected landscape Monte Penoso and Monte Branco, which covers 11.17 km2 (4.31 sq mi).

Porto Inglês
Porto Inglês (Portuguese for "English port", also: Cidade do Maio, Vila do Maio) is a city in the southwestern part of the island of Maio in southeastern Cape Verde. It is the main urban settlement of the island, and also seat of the Maio Municipality. Its population was 2,971 in 2010. The name Porto Inglês refers to English ships that exported salt produced on the island of Maio from this town. Salt exploitation continued until the 19th century. The inconclusive Battle of Maio was fought between British and French frigate squadrons close to the town on 23 January 1814 in the last stages of the Napoleonic Wars.

The port of Porto Inglês has ferry services to Praia on the island of Santiago. It is also a member port of the International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH).The domestic Maio Airport lies 1 km north of the city.

Landmarks:

Forte de São José and its adjacent lighthouse

The Nossa Senhora da Luz (Our Lady of Light) church, opened in 1872

Salinas of the English Port
Texas State Highway 89
State Highway 89 (SH 89) is a state highway in San Patricio County in the U.S. state of Texas. The route serves as a bypass of Sinton to the northeast, connecting to U.S. Route 181 (US 181) at both ends.

U.S. Route 181
U.S. Highway 181 is a south–north U.S. Highway located entirely in the state of Texas. Both termini are at Interstate 37 (I-37), the road that it mainly parallels to the east. Its southern terminus is at I-37 in Corpus Christi near the Gulf of Mexico. Its northern terminus is at I-37 on the south side of San Antonio; prior to the Interstate era, US 181 traveled into Downtown San Antonio along Presa Street to an intersection with its parent route, US 81, which then ran along Alamo Street.
Sky Scrapper
Sky Scrapper (also known as Starry Sky Ripper) is a flying roller coaster at World Joyland in Wujin, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China. Sky Scrapper was one of World Joyland's opening day attractions, officially opening on April 30, 2011. The 2,805.1-foot-long (855.0 m) ride stands 131.3 feet (40.0 m) tall, and features a top speed of 54.7 mph (88.0 km/h). Designed by Swiss firm Bolliger & Mabillard, Sky Scrapper restrains riders in the prone position and features five inversions.

Roller coaster train
A roller coaster train is a vehicle made up of two or more carts coupled together by specialized joints which transports passengers around a roller coaster's circuit. Roller coasters usually have various safety features, including specialized wheels and restraints. It is called a train because the carts are connected in a chain and follow each other along the track, just like a railroad train. Individual carts vary in design and can carry from one to eight or more passengers each.
Ukrainians in Kuban
The Ukrainians in Kuban (Ukrainian: Українці на Кубані, romanized: Ukraintsi na Kubani) in southern Russia constitute a national minority. The region as a whole shares many linguistic, cultural and historic ties with Ukraine.  Тhe area where Ukrainians live in Kuban is sometimes unofficially referred to as Raspberry Ukraine or Malynovyi Klyn (Ukrainian: Малиновий Клин).

Ukrainians first settled in the Kuban region in 1792. Until the mid-twentieth century the majority of the population there identified themselves as Ukrainians. Due to Russian and Soviet national policies—including the Holodomor—most of the population became Russified, and the percentage of those who identified themselves as Ukrainians dropped from an official 55% (1926) to 0.9% (2002).

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.
Radon–Riesz property
The Radon–Riesz property is a mathematical property for normed spaces that helps ensure convergence in norm. Given two assumptions (essentially weak convergence and continuity of norm), we would like to ensure convergence in the norm topology.

Banach space
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (/ˈbɑː.nʌx/, Polish pronunciation: [ˈba.nax]) is a complete normed vector space. Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well-defined limit that is within the space.

Banach spaces are named after the Polish mathematician Stefan Banach, who introduced this concept and studied it systematically in 1920–1922 along with Hans Hahn and Eduard Helly.
Maurice René Fréchet was the first to use the term "Banach space" and Banach in turn then coined the term "Fréchet space".
Banach spaces originally grew out of the study of function spaces by Hilbert, Fréchet, and Riesz earlier in the century. Banach spaces play a central role in functional analysis. In other areas of analysis, the spaces under study are often Banach spaces.
Perfect Bid: The Contestant Who Knew Too Much
Perfect Bid: The Contestant Who Knew Too Much is a 2017 American documentary film that profiles Ted Slauson, an elementary school mathematics teacher and super fan of The Price Is Right. Interviews with Slauson reveal how he became fascinated with the show in the early 1970s, which drove him to memorize the prices of products, and his involvement with contestant Terry Kniess, who bid perfectly on a showcase in 2008 and gave no credit to Slauson for his assistance.

Roger Dobkowitz
Roger Kurt Dobkowitz (born July 30, 1945) is an American television producer best known for his 36-year tenure on the CBS game show The Price Is Right. In addition to The Price Is Right, Dobkowitz also worked on other game shows, such as Family Feud, Double Dare, Now You See It, and Match Game. Dobkowitz graduated from San Francisco State University in 1972 after completing a thesis, A Historical Study of Prime-Time Network Audience Participation Shows 1948–1968.
Bill Massey (softball)
William Massey (10 September 1936 – 2 July 2020) was a New Zealand softball pitcher, coach and umpire. He played at two world championships, winning bronze with the New Zealand team in 1966.

Playing for the Railways club in the Hutt Valley, Massey pitched his team to six national interclub titles between 1958 and 1967. During the same period he won eight national interprovincial titles representing Hutt Valley. Known as "the man with the golden arm", he dominated batters with his speed and movement. He represented New Zealand at the first two men's world championship softball tournaments, at Mexico City in 1966 and Oklahoma City in 1968, with his team placing third in 1966. He retired as a player after the 1968 tournament, but went on to coach the Railways club and mentor women's pitcher Gina Weber. He also became a leading softball umpire.

Massey died at his home in Lower Hutt on 2 July 2020.

Gina Weber
Gina Louise Weber MNZM (born 14 February 1963) is a New Zealand softball player. A pitcher, she competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where the New Zealand team placed sixth in the women's softball tournament.

In the 2001 New Year Honours, Weber was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to softball.
Nidhogg (video game)
Nidhogg is a side-scrolling two-player fighting video game developed and published by Messhof. Players duel with swords in a pixelated environment. The game was commissioned for the New York University Game Center's annual multiplayer show, and was revised and demoed at private events over the next four years before its final release. It won Indiecade 2013's Game Design award and the 2011 Independent Games Festival's Nuovo Award. It was released for Microsoft Windows on January 13, 2014, and later ported to OS X, PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita. Critics praised the feel of the gameplay and its balance, but considered its single-player mode unsatisfying. Messhof released a sequel in 2017 with a higher resolution art style and additional weapons and arenas.

Side-scrolling video game
A side-scrolling video game (alternatively side-scroller) is a video game viewed from a side-view camera angle where the screen follows the player as they move left or right. The jump from single-screen or flip-screen graphics to scrolling graphics during the golden age of arcade games was a pivotal leap in game design, comparable to the move to 3D graphics during the fifth generation.

Hardware support of smooth scrolling backgrounds is built into many arcade video games, some game consoles, and home computers. Examples include 8-bit systems like the Atari 8-bit computers and Nintendo Entertainment System, and 16-bit consoles, such as the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Genesis. These 16-bit consoles added multiple layers, which can be scrolled independently for a parallax scrolling effect.
HSG Wetzlar
HSG Wetzlar is a professional handball club from Wetzlar, Germany. It competes in the top-tier Handball-Bundesliga and in the German Handball Cup. They have played in the Bundesliga since 1998 without relegation.

Handball-Bundesliga
The Handball-Bundesliga (HBL), currently known as Daikin Handball-Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons, is the top German professional handball league. From 2007 to 2012, the league was sponsored by Toyota and was officially called the Toyota Handball-Bundesliga. In 2012 the Deutsche Kreditbank AG (DKB) became the new sponsor. As of 2024, the latest league sponsor is Daikin and the official name has consequently been changed to Daikin Handball-Bundesliga. The winners of the respective season are the official German handball champions.
The HBL is headquartered in Dortmund.
Temora (crustacean)
Temora is a genus of copepods in the family Temoridae. The World Register of Marine Species lists the following species:

Temora discaudata Giesbrecht, 1889

Temora kerguelensis Wolfenden, 1911

Temora longicornis (Müller O.F., 1785)

Temora stylifera (Dana, 1849)

Temora turbinata (Dana, 1849)

Additionally, Temora curta (Dana, 1849) is considered a taxon inquirendum.

Temora turbinata
Temora turbinata is a copepod in the Temoridae family. It is an epipelagic species, having been recorded in coastal waters around the world. It was first described in 1849 by American scientist James Dwight Dana.
Ashkenazi Jewish intelligence
Ashkenazi Jewish intelligence, Ashkenazi intelligence, or Jewish genius is a stereotype of Jews that is related to the historical race and intelligence controversy. It asserts that Ashkenazi Jews, who are a sub-group of the Jewish diaspora that coalesced in Central and Eastern Europe, tend to exhibit notably higher levels of intelligence than other ethnic groups. While some measures have indicated that Ashkenazi Jews are over-represented in creative and intellectual fields or over-perform on some cognitive tests, the contention that these measures indicate an actual intelligence advantage has been disputed and widely criticized. Controversial studies purporting to explain this phenomenon as an effect of genetic differences have been met with broad-based criticism from mainstream science.

Stereotypes of Jews
Stereotypes of Jews are generalized representations of Jews, often caricatured and of a prejudiced and antisemitic nature.

Reproduced common objects, phrases, and traditions are used to emphasize or ridicule Jewishness. This includes the complaining and guilt-inflicting Jewish mother, often along with a meek nice Jewish boy, and the spoiled and materialistic Jewish-American princess.
Chlorogalum grandiflorum
Chlorogalum grandiflorum is a species of flowering plant known by the common name Red Hills soap plant. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada foothills, such as the Red Hills (Tuolumne County), of California, where it grows in chaparral, woodland, and forest.

Chaparral
Chaparral (/ˌʃæpəˈræl, ˌtʃæp-/ SHAP-ə-RAL, CHAP-) is a shrubland plant community found primarily in California, southern Oregon, and northern Baja California, part of the California floristic province. It is shaped by a Mediterranean climate (mild wet winters and hot dry summers) and infrequent, high-intensity crown fires. Many chaparral shrubs have hard sclerophyllous evergreen leaves, as contrasted with the associated soft-leaved, drought-deciduous, scrub community of coastal sage scrub, found often on drier, southern-facing slopes.

Three other closely related chaparral shrubland systems occur in southern Arizona, western Texas, and along the eastern side of central Mexico's mountain chains, all having summer rains in contrast to the Mediterranean climate of other chaparral formations.
Sri Ram (film)
Sri Ram is a 2003 Indian Kannada-language action drama film directed by M. S. Ramesh and starring Shiva Rajkumar, Abhirami and  Ankitha (in her Kannada debut). The flashback portion of the film was noted to have been based on The Ramayana but was criticized for adopting formulaic narration style found in Telugu movies like Samarasimha Reddy (1999), Narasimha Naidu (2001) and Indra (2002). The movie was a success at the box office.

Samarasimha Reddy
Samarasimha Reddy  is a 1999 Indian Telugu-language action drama film directed by B. Gopal and produced by Chengala Venkat Rao. It stars Nandamuri Balakrishna in the title role alongside Anjala Zaveri, Simran, Sanghavi, with music composed by Mani Sharma. The film is written by V. Vijayendra Prasad along with Ratna Kumar and Paruchuri brothers.

Samarasimha Reddy released on 13 January 1999 and was a major commercial success at the box office, becoming an Industry Hit and emerging as the highest-grossing Telugu film at the time of its release. It grossed over ₹30 crore on a budget of ₹6 crore and was eventually dubbed and released in Tamil under the title Shanmuga Pandian.. The film also won a Filmfare Award South and a Nandi Award.
Raymond Pettibon
Raymond Pettibon (born Raymond Ginn, June 16, 1957) is an American artist who lives and works in New York City. Pettibon came to prominence in the early 1980s in the southern California punk rock scene, creating posters and album art mainly for groups on SST Records, owned and operated by his older brother, Greg Ginn. He has subsequently become widely recognized in the fine art world for using American iconography variously pulled from literature, art history, philosophy, and religion to politics, sport, and sexuality.

Museum Ludwig
Museum Ludwig, located in Cologne, Germany, houses a collection of modern art. It includes works from Pop Art, Abstract and Surrealism, and has one of the largest Picasso collections in Europe. It holds many works by Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein.
Marcha Roberto Sacasa
“Marcha Roberto Sacasa” was the national anthem of Nicaragua adopted in 1889 after the assumption of presidency by Roberto Sacasa. It was composed by Alejandro Cousin and it had no words. It was abolished after the liberal revolution of 1893, when it was replaced by the new national anthem Hermosa Soberana.

Due to its peaceful character, political opponents of President Roberto Sacasa (nicknamed “El Palomo”) called this anthem by the nickname “El Himno de los Palomos” (The Anthem of the Doves).

National anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.