hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drip irrigation
Drip irrigation or trickle irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to save water and nutrients by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of plants, either from above the soil surface or buried below the surface.  The goal is to place water directly into the root zone and minimize evaporation.  Drip irrigation systems distribute water through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters. Depending on how well designed, installed, maintained, and operated it is, a drip irrigation system can be more efficient than other types of irrigation systems, such as surface irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.

As of 2023, 3% of the world's farmers use drip irrigation.

Surface irrigation
Surface irrigation is where water is applied and distributed over the soil surface by gravity. It is by far the most common form of irrigation throughout the world and has been practiced in many areas virtually unchanged for thousands of years.

Surface irrigation is often referred to as flood irrigation, implying that the water distribution is uncontrolled and therefore, inherently inefficient. In reality, some of the irrigation practices grouped under this name involve a significant degree of management (for example surge irrigation).
Bishramganj railway station
Bishramganj Railway Station is a railway station in Sipahijala district, Tripura. Its code is BHRM. It serves Bishramganj town. The station lies on the Lumding–Sabroom section, which comes under the Lumding railway division of the Northeast Frontier Railway. The segment from Agartala to Sabroom via Udaipur became operational on 3 October 2019.

Lumding–Sabroom section
The Lumding–Sabroom section is a railway line under Lumding railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is a single 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad-gauge track from Lumding in Hojai district of Assam state to Agartala, the capital of Tripura state. The 44 kilometres (27 mi) long 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) segment from Agartala southwards to Udaipur, Tripura was completed in 2016 and became operational on 23 January 2017. The remaining 70 kilometres (43 mi) long track to Sabroom at the bank of Feni River at Bangladesh border was completed in 2019 and became operational on 3 October 2019.
Selsey F.C.
Selsey Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Selsey, West Sussex, England. The club is a FA Chartered Standard Community club affiliated to the Sussex County Football Association. The club are currently members of the Southern Combination Division One and play at the High Street Ground.

West Sussex Football League
The West Sussex Football League is a football competition in England, formed in 1896.

It comprises 78 teams across eight divisions, of which the highest - the Premier Division - sits at level 12 of the English football league system. It is a feeder to the Southern Combination League Division Two.

Membership is not limited to clubs from West Sussex, with the league also including teams from neighbouring Surrey and Hampshire, although these are from places that are close to the county boundaries.
Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.

Alphonso mango
The Alphonso mango is a named mango cultivar that originates from India. In the UK in 2012, it was considered one of the most prized mangoes, known for its saffron-coloured flesh and culinary uses in various dishes and desserts.
École secondaire l'Horizon
École secondaire l'Horizon is a French-language public secondary school located in Saint-Jean-Chrysostome, Quebec, Canada. It is located on Place Centre-ville in the downtown sector of Saint-Jean-Chrysostome and is run by the Commission scolaire des Navigateurs school board. Most of the school's students come from Saint-Jean-Chrysostome and Breakeyville, but some come from the districts of Saint-Romuald and Charny.

Commission scolaire des Navigateurs
Commission scolaire des Navigateurs was a French-language school district in Lévis, Quebec, Canada. Its  address was in Saint-Romuald, a former town annexed to Lévis. The chair of the school board was Jérôme Demers, and the director general was Esther Lemieux.

In January 2007, the school board adopted a food policy which banned "junk food" such as poutine and hot dogs from school cafeterias.

In 2020, the school board was replaced by the centre de services scolaire des Navigateurs.
Jeep Tornado engine
The Jeep Tornado engine was the first post-World War II U.S.-designed mass-produced overhead cam (OHC) automobile engine. The 230.5 cu in (3.78 L) hemi-headed straight-six was introduced in mid-year 1962, and replaced the flathead "6-226" Willys Super Hurricane that was in use since 1954.

The Tornado engine was also manufactured in Argentina by Industrias Kaiser Argentina (IKA) from 1965 until 1973.

Flathead engine
A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine or valve-in-block engine, is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, as in an overhead valve engine.

Flatheads were widely used internationally by automobile manufacturers from the late 1890s until the mid-1960s but were replaced by more efficient overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines. They are currently experiencing a revival in low-revving aero-engines such as the D-Motor.
William Fuqua
William G. Fuqua (born November 4, 1930) was a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court from July to December 1995.

Born in Russellville, Kentucky, Fuqua's father served as mayor of the town. Fuqua served on the Circuit Court of Logan County, Kentucky, from 1970 until his retirement in June 1995. The following month, he was appointed by Governor Brereton C. Jones  to serve for a brief period as a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court, to a seat vacated by the retirement of Thomas B. Spain. Fuqua said he would not be a candidate in the special election to fill the remainder of the term.

Beginning in 1997, Fuqua became a frequent guest on the radio show Kentucky Living on WRUS-AM.

Thomas B. Spain
Thomas B. Spain (November 5, 1928 – December 7, 2013) was a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court from 1991 to 1995.

Spain attended Western Kentucky University and the University of Kentucky College of Law. After graduating from law school in 1951, he joined the army in the Korean War and became a major. Spain was an Army judge advocate in the 1950s and began practicing law in 1955 in Madisonville, Kentucky. He was a young attorney working for Gordon and Mills law firm. Governor Wendell Ford appointed Spain to the state circuit court on June 29, 1973. He served as circuit court judge in Hopkins and Caldwell counties for 17 years before joining the high court in 1991.

After retiring from the Supreme Court in 1995, Spain joined John C. Whitfield's law firm. Spain died on December 7, 2013, at the Western Kentucky Veterans Center in Hanson, Kentucky.
Neil Stratford
Neil Stratford FSA (b. 26 April 1938), a London born medievalist and Keeper Emeritus of Medieval and Later Antiquities at the British Museum, is recognised as a leading authority on Romanesque and Gothic art and sculpture. He was one of the founding members of the Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland and is the Herbert Franke Chair at the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres where he is an elected foreign member.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
SMS Reka
SMS Reka was one of the dozen Huszár-class destroyers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. Completed in 1909, she served in World War I and was ceded to France as war reparations in 1920. The ship was scrapped shortly afterwards.

Huszár-class destroyer
The Huszár class was a class of destroyers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy before the First World War. They were built to a design by the British shipbuilder Yarrow Shipbuilders, who built the first ship, with a further 11 ships being built in Austrian and Hungarian yards between 1905 and 1909. A replacement ship was built when the lead ship was lost in an accident in 1908, and another ship of similar design building for the Chinese navy was seized on the outbreak of the First World War. Two ships were lost during the war, a single ship serving with the Greek Navy following the end of the war, and the remainder being scrapped.
Music for the Mission
Music for the Mission (titled Music for the Masses until 2008) was a quiz night held annually in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia between 2003 and 2010. In 2007, it attracted 1,324 participants, making it at that time the largest single-venue quiz or trivia night ever held, according to Guinness World Records.

Quiz
A quiz is a form of mind sport in which people attempt to answer questions correctly on one or several topics. Quizzes can be used as a brief assessment in education and similar fields to measure growth in knowledge, abilities, and skills, or simply as a hobby. They can also be televised for entertainment purposes, often in a game show format
Termitomyces bulborhizus
Termitomyces bulborhizus is a species of agaric fungus in the family Lyophyllaceae. Found in Sichuan, China, it was formally described in 2004. It has a large cap, up to 22 cm (8.7 in) in diameter. The specific epithet, derived from the Greek words bulbus ("bulbous") and rhizus ("root"), refers to the bulbous base of the stipe.

Lyophyllaceae
The Lyophyllaceae is a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. A 2008 estimate indicated eight genera and 157 species; as of November 2014, the Catalog of Life lists 13 genera in the family.  The taxon was originally circumscribed in 1938 by mycologist Robert Kühner as the tribe Lyophylleae (in the family Tricholomataceae), but raised to the taxonomic rank of family and renamed the Lyophyllaceae by Walter Jülich in 1981.

Some species are popular as edible fungi, such as the brown beech mushroom Hypsizygus tessulatus, the St. George's mushroom Calocybe gambosa, and Lyophyllum shimeji.
Trichocoma
Trichocoma is a genus of fungi in the family Trichocomaceae. The type species, Trichocoma paradoxa, is widespread in tropical regions. Commonly known as the "shaving brush fungus", it is about 2 cm tall, 0.5 cm wide, and not edible. Mostly found during the winter season, it is spore bearing.

Trichocomaceae
The Trichocomaceae are a family of fungi in the order Eurotiales. Taxa are saprobes with aggressive colonization strategies, adaptable to extreme environmental conditions. Family members are cosmopolitan in distribution, ubiquitous in soil, and common associates of decaying plant and food material.
José María Jiménez
Jose María Jiménez Sastre (6 February 1971 – 6 December  2003) was a Spanish professional road bicycle racer. During his career he excelled as a climber, winning numerous mountain stages. His nickname was El Chava.

Spanish National Road Race Championships
The Spanish National Road Race Championships are held annually to decide the Spanish cycling champions in the road race discipline, across various categories. The event was first held in 1897 and was won by a Portuguese rider, José Bento Pessoa.
ZA Bank Limited
ZA Bank Limited (Chinese: 眾安銀行有限公司) is a licensed virtual bank headquartered in Hong Kong. It is one of the first eight virtual banks authorized by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) under the 2019 virtual banking licensing scheme.

ZA Bank is a subsidiary of ZhongAn, whose major shareholders include ZhongAn, Bestar Holdings, Warrior Investment, and AIA Group. The bank launched its pilot trial in December 2019 and officially began public operations in March 2020. It provides retail banking services through a mobile-only platform, including savings and time deposit accounts, personal loans, and insurance distribution.

As of 2023, ZA Bank is among the most active virtual banks in Hong Kong by user base and loan volume. Its head office is located at Cyberport 3, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.

ZhongAn
ZhongAn Online P & C Insurance Co. Ltd. is an online-only insurance company in China. Founded in 2013, the company's headquarters are based in Shanghai, China. ZhongAn's founder is Yaping Ou who currently serves as a non-executive director. The company's CEO is Xing Jiang. The company offers online insurance products through its health, digital lifestyle, consumer finance and auto ecosystems.
Shish kofta
Shish kofta (‏şiş köfte‎) (Turkish) is a type of kebab-style kofta dish in Turkish cuisine.

The dish consists of minced lamb, mutton, veal or beef, or a mixture of these meats mixed with herbs, often including parsley and mint, placed on a şiş (skewer) and grilled. It is typically served with pilav (Turkish-style rice or bulgur wheat) and salad.

There are several regional variations on shish kofta. Tire köfte is made mainly with veal.

The city of Burdur is known for its distinct variant of shish kofta known as Burdur şiş, which is traditionally made with minced goat meat (or more commonly with beef today), with salt but no spices or herbs, and eaten with a special type of pita bread. Burdur şiş was officially recognised as a distinct variant of shish kofta by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office in 2010.

Shish kofta is also the basis of yoğurtlu kebap (kebab with yogurt).

Pita
Pita (/ˈpɪtə/ or US: /ˈpiːtə/; Greek: πίτα; Hebrew: פִּתָּה) or pitta (British English), also known as Arabic bread, Arab bread (Arabic: خبز عربي, romanized: khubz ʿArabī), Syrian bread, Lebanese bread, and pide (Turkish) is a family of yeast-leavened round flatbreads baked from wheat flour, common in the Mediterranean, Middle East, and neighboring areas. It includes the widely known version with an interior pocket. In the United Kingdom, the term is used for pocket versions such as the Greek pita, used for barbecues as a souvlaki wrap. The Western name pita may sometimes be used to refer to various other types of flatbreads that have different names in their local languages, such as numerous styles of Arab khubz ('bread').
2025 European Mixed Team Badminton Championships
The 2025 European Mixed Team Badminton Championships was held in Baku, Azerbaijan, at 12 to 16 February 2025 and organised by Badminton Europe and Azerbaijan Badminton Federation. The host location was announced in April 2024 by Badminton Europe. These championships also act as the European qualification event for 2025 Sudirman Cup.

2025 Sudirman Cup
The 2025 Sudirman Cup (officially known as the TotalEnergies BWF Sudirman Cup Finals 2025 for sponsorship reasons) was the 19th edition of the Sudirman Cup, the biennial international badminton championship contested by the mixed national teams of the member associations of the Badminton World Federation (BWF) since its inception in 1989. The tournament has been held in Xiamen, China, between 27 April and 4 May 2025.
Bon Jellico, Kentucky
Bon Jellico was a coal camp community established in 1912 near Williamsburg in Whitley County, Kentucky, in the southeastern United States. It was developed by the Bon Jellico Coal Company, which operated until 1937.

Whitley County, Kentucky
Whitley County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,712. Its county seat is at Williamsburg, though the largest city is Corbin, and the county's District Court (a trial court of limited jurisdiction) sits in both cities. Whitley County is included in the London, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Polynomial root-finding
Finding the roots of polynomials is a long-standing problem that has been extensively studied throughout the history and substantially influenced the development of mathematics. It involves determining either a numerical approximation or a closed-form expression of the roots of a univariate polynomial, i.e., determining approximate or closed form solutions of  in the equation

where  are either real or complex numbers.

Efforts to understand and solve polynomial equations led to the development of important mathematical concepts, including irrational and complex numbers, as well as foundational structures in modern algebra such as fields, rings, and groups.

Despite being historically important, finding the roots of higher degree polynomials no longer play a central role in mathematics and computational mathematics, with one major exception in computer algebra.

François Viète
François Viète (French: [fʁɑ̃swa vjɛt]; 1540 – 23 February 1603), known in Latin as Franciscus Vieta, was a French mathematician whose work on new algebra was an important step towards modern algebra, due to his innovative use of letters as parameters in equations. Because of this, Viète is sometimes called "the father of modern algebraic notation". He was a lawyer by trade, and served as a privy councillor to both Henry III and Henry IV of France.
Loanwords in Sri Lankan Tamil
Loan words in Sri Lankan Tamil came about mostly due contact between colonial powers and the native population. Linguists study a language's lexicon for a number of reasons. Languages such as Tamil with centuries of literature and multi-cultural contact offer the chance to compare the various processes of lexical change. The words of foreign origin or loanwords illustrate those processes: calques, loanwords, the distinction between function words and content words.

Note: For information on the transcription used, see National Library at Calcutta romanization and Tamil script.

Loanword
A loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword).

Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other.
1960 United States presidential election in South Dakota
The 1960 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

South Dakota was won by incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R–California), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. of Massachusetts, with 58.21% of the popular vote, against Massachusetts Senator John F. Kennedy (D), running with Texas Senator Lyndon B. Johnson, with 41.79% of the popular vote.

As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last election in which majority Native American Todd County voted for a Republican presidential candidate. With 58.21% of the popular vote, South Dakota would prove to be Nixon's fifth strongest state in the 1960 election after Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma and Vermont.

1960 United States presidential election in Kansas
The 1960 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Kansas was won by incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R–California), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., with 60.45 percent of the popular vote, against Senator John F. Kennedy (D–Massachusetts), running with Senator Lyndon B. Johnson, with 39.10 percent of the popular vote.

Kennedy carried only heavily Catholic Ellis County and urbanized Wyandotte County, the home of Kansas City, Kansas, which has become the Democrats' most reliable county in Kansas during presidential elections.

With 60.45 percent of the popular vote, Kansas would prove to be Nixon's second strongest state in the 1960 election after neighbouring Nebraska.
2000 Volleyball America's Cup
The 2000 Volleyball America's Cup was the third edition of the annual men's volleyball tournament, played by six countries from North-, Central- and South America. The tournament was held from August 11 to August 20, 2000, in São Bernardo, Brazil.

Volleyball America's Cup
The America's Cup was a continental cup in men's volleyball for North and South American nations organized by CSV and NORCECA with the first edition in 1998 and the last in 2008.

Seventeen years after the last edition the tournament returned in 2025 as a new men's format with the CSV's approval and  gaining a women's edition. In its new format the competition is based on points in a round-robin format and expected to take place annually.
2009–10 Toronto Raptors season
The 2009–10 Toronto Raptors season was the 15th season of the Canadian franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Raptors were the busiest team in preseason transactions, replacing the previous season's entire roster with the exception of Chris Bosh, Andrea Bargnani, José Calderón, Patrick O'Bryant and Marcus Banks. Although the Raptors were chasing the fourth playoff seed at one point, they capitulated after the All-Star break, and eventually lost the eighth and final playoff spot to Chicago. Following the season, Bosh would sign as a free agent with the Miami Heat.

José Calderón (basketball)
José Manuel Calderón Borrallo (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse kaldeˈɾon]; born September 28, 1981) is a Spanish basketball executive and former player who is a special advisor for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played professionally for 21 years including 14 seasons in the NBA, primarily with the Toronto Raptors
with whom he set an NBA record for the highest free throw percentage in a season (98.1% in 2008-09). With the Spain national team, he won a FIBA World Cup title in 2006, two Olympic silver medals in 2008 and 2012, as well as a bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He also won a EuroBasket title in 2011, two silver medals in 2003 and 2007 as well as a bronze in 2013. Calderón earned an All-EuroBasket Team selection in 2007.
Bodenfelde
Bodenfelde (German pronunciation: [boːdn̩ˈfɛldə]) is a municipality in the district of Northeim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Weser, approx. 35 km north of Kassel, and 30 km northwest of Göttingen at the southwest border of the Solling-Vogler Nature Park.

Northeim (district)
Northeim is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the districts of Holzminden, Hildesheim, Goslar and Göttingen, and the state of Hesse (district of Kassel).