hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Potitia gens
The gens Potitia was an ancient patrician family at ancient Rome. None of its members ever attained any of the higher offices of the Roman state, and the gens is known primarily as a result of its long association with the rites of Hercules, and for a catastrophic plague that was said to have killed all of its members within a single month, at the end of the fourth century BC. However, a few Potitii of later times are known from literary sources and inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
1987–88 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 1987–88 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 1987–88 NCAA Division I college basketball season. John Thompson, coached them in his 16th season as head coach. They played their home games at the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland. They were members of the Big East Conference and finished the season with a record of 20–10, 9–7 in Big East play. Their record earned them a bye in the first round of the 1988 Big East men's basketball tournament, but they lost to Seton Hall in the quarterfinals. They advanced to the second round of the 1988 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament before losing to Temple.

Seton Hall Pirates men's basketball
The Seton Hall Pirates men's basketball program is the NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball program of Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey. The team competes in the Big East Conference and plays their home games in the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey. The Pirates are currently coached by Shaheen Holloway. Seton Hall has appeared 14 times in the NCAA tournament and were national runners-up in 1989.
Baranowski Glacier
Baranowski Glacier (62°12′S 58°27′W﻿ / ﻿62.200°S 58.450°W﻿ / -62.200; -58.450) is a glacier flowing east into Admiralty Bay, King George Island, northwest of Demay Point. It was named by the Polish Antarctic Expedition after Stanisław Baranowski (1935–78), Polish glaciologist who died on King George Island as a result of an accident at the Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station while a member of the 1977–78 expedition.

Polish Antarctic Expedition
The Polish Antarctic Expedition to the A. B. Dobrowolski Polar Station was conducted by a team of doctors, geophysicists, and geomorphologists between 1978 and 1979. It was sponsored by the Polish Academy of Sciences. This was the third expedition organised by the Polish Academy of Sciences, and included establishing a geodetic network in the Bunger Oasis, setting up an astronomical reference point, magnetic observations, and photogrammetric surveys to make maps of the vicinity of the station.
2014 Carolina League season
The 2014 Carolina League was a Class A-Advanced baseball season played between April 3 and September 1. Eight teams played a 140-game schedule, with two teams from each division competing in the playoffs.

The Potomac Nationals won the Carolina League championship, defeating the Myrtle Beach Pelicans in the final round of the playoffs.

Myrtle Beach Pelicans
The Myrtle Beach Pelicans are a Minor League Baseball team in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, and the Single-A affiliate of the Chicago Cubs of the National League in Major League Baseball. The Pelicans compete in the Carolina League. Home games are played at Pelicans Ballpark, which opened in 1999 and seats up to 6,599 people.

The Pelicans have been members of the Carolina League since 1999 and most recently won the league's championship in 2016. In the 2021 reorganization of Minor League Baseball, the Pelicans continued as the Cubs' Low-A affiliate in the Low-A East. This league was renamed the Carolina League and reclassified as Single-A in 2022.

From their inaugural season through 2010, they were affiliated with the Atlanta Braves, also of the National League, before spending four seasons as a Texas Rangers (American League) affiliate from 2011 to 2014. The team's current affiliation with the Chicago Cubs began in 2015.
6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
The 6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.  Throughout the war, it was part of the brigade that came to be known as the Iron Brigade in the Army of the Potomac.  They were engaged in most of the critical battles of the eastern theater of the war, including Antietam, Gettysburg, and Grant's Overland Campaign.

I Corps (Union army)
There were four formations in the Union Army designated as I Corps (or First Army Corps) during the American Civil War.

Three were short-lived:

In the Army of Virginia, a command later known as XI Corps (Army of the Potomac) and (Army of the Cumberland):
John C. Frémont (June 26 – June 29, 1862)
Franz Sigel (June 29 – September 12, 1862)

In the Army of the Ohio and Army of the Cumberland:
Alexander M. McCook (September 29 – November 5, 1862)

In the Army of the Mississippi:
George W. Morgan (January 4 – 12, 1863)

The other, the I Corps, Army of the Potomac, also temporarily known as III Corps, Army of Virginia, is the subject of this article.

The term "First Corps" is also sometimes used to describe the First Veteran Corps from 1864 to 1866.
Carey R. Dunne
Carey R. Dunne is an American attorney. He is known for leading the criminal investigation of Donald Trump for the office of the Manhattan District Attorney until his resignation from the case, alongside his colleague Mark F. Pomerantz, in February 2022. In that role, Dunne successfully argued Trump v. Vance before the United States Supreme Court in May 2020; the court held that President Trump was required to comply with a state grand jury subpoena for his tax returns. Prior to his service at the DA's Office, Dunne was a longtime partner at Davis Polk & Wardwell, where he specialized in white collar criminal defense. Dunne is a past president of the New York City Bar Association.

In January 2023, Dunne co-founded Free and Fair Litigation Group, a non-profit law firm focused on countering the rise of authoritarianism in America by bringing and defending constitutional cases.

Manhattan District Attorney
The District Attorney of New York County, commonly known as Manhattan District Attorney, is the elected district attorney for New York County, New York. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws (federal law violations in Manhattan are prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York). The current district attorney is Alvin Bragg Jr.. He was elected in 2021 to succeed Cyrus Vance Jr.

District attorneys are legally permitted to delegate the prosecution of petty crimes or offenses. Prosecutors do not normally handle New York City Criminal Court summons court cases, and the Manhattan district attorney has a memorandum of understanding with the New York City Police Department allowing their legal bureau to selectively prosecute them.
McClurg, Missouri
McClurg is an unincorporated community in extreme northeastern Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route W, approximately three miles (five km) east of Brownbranch or twenty miles (32 km) northeast of Forsyth.  McClurg is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.

A post office called McClurg was established in 1894, and remained in operation until 1993. The community has the name of Joseph W. McClurg, 19th governor of Missouri.

Forsyth, Missouri
Forsyth is a city in Taney County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,730 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Taney County. The town is part of the Branson micropolitan area. Forsyth is located on Lake Taneycomo on U.S. Route 160.
Philippe Guerrier
Jean-Jacques Louis Philippe Guerrier, Duke of L'Avance, Count of Mirebalais (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʒak lwi filip ɡɛʁje]; December 19, 1757 – April 15, 1845) was a career officer and general in the Haitian Army who became the president of Haïti on May 3, 1844. He died in office on April 15, 1845.

President of Haiti
The president of Haiti (Haitian Creole: Prezidan peyi Ayiti, French: Président d'Haïti), officially called the president of the Republic of Haiti (French: Président de la République d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Prezidan Repiblik Ayiti, pronounced [pɣezidã ɣepiblik ajiti]), is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government, which is headed by the prime minister of Haiti.[A133]

Due to an ongoing political crisis in Haiti, the Transitional Presidential Council began exercising the powers of the presidency on 25 April 2024. However, it dissolved as scheduled after no presidential election was held. Its act expired on 7 February 2026.
Ligidium protuberans
Ligidium protuberans is a species of terrestrial isopod in the family Ligiidae, found in the United States. It is known from several locations in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina and South Carolina. The species name protuberans comes from Latin "protubero", meaning "protuberance", in reference to the species' characteristic projection on the male second pleopod endopodite.

Ligidium protuberans can be distinguished from closely related species by the male second pleopod endopodite distally broadened and rounded, with a small squarish projection. Males are 6.3–6.5 mm (0.25–0.26 in) in length and 2.8–3 mm (0.11–0.12 in) in width, and females are 6.8–8.6 mm (0.27–0.34 in) in length and 3.3–4.6 mm (0.13–0.18 in) in width.

Ligiidae
Ligiidae is a family of woodlice, the only family in the infraorder Diplocheta. The members of this family are common on rocky shores, in similar habitats to those inhabited by species of the bristletail Petrobius and the crab Cyclograpsus.
Kenzer & Company
Kenzer & Company (KenzerCo) is a Waukegan, Illinois based publisher of comic books, role-playing games, board games, card games, and miniature games.

They are known for the Kingdoms of Kalamar campaign setting and for their own HackMaster and Aces & Eights: Shattered Frontier role-playing games (RPGs). Perhaps their best known product is the Knights of the Dinner Table (KoDT) magazine, which is a monthly publication that is part comic book and part RPG magazine. KenzerCo's line of comics now includes spinoffs such as Knights of the Dinner Table Illustrated and Spacehack, licensed comics in the Dungeons & Dragons line, and the fantasy literature magazine Black Gate. Other products include the Fairy Meat miniatures game, the Fuzzy Knights web strips, the Monty Python and the Holy Grail card game and board games such as Dwarven Dig, Elemental, and The Great Space Race.

Waukegan, Illinois
Waukegan (/wəˈkiːɡən/ wə-KEE-ghən) is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. Located 36 miles (58 km) north of Chicago, Waukegan is a satellite city within the greater Chicago metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 89,321, making it the most populous city in Lake County, the seventh-most populous city within the Chicago metropolitan area and the 10th-most populous city in Illinois. However, unlike nearby wealthy North Shore suburbs, Waukegan has long been classified by the Illinois state government as overall "socioeconomically distressed" despite having some middle class inhabitants.
Bennett Platform
Bennett Platform (85°13′S 177°50′W﻿ / ﻿85.217°S 177.833°W﻿ / -85.217; -177.833) is a high, nearly flat, snow-free mesa of dark rock of Antarctica, about 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) long and 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) wide, located immediately east of Mount Black, on the west side of Shackleton Glacier.

Richard E. Byrd
Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

Byrd claimed to be the first to reach both the North and South Poles by air. However, there is some controversy as to whether he was actually the first person to reach the North Pole. It is generally believed that the distance he claimed to have flown was longer than the possible fuel range of his airplane.

He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration, and the Navy Cross, the second highest honor for valor given by the U.S. Navy.
Groeningemuseum
The Groeningemuseum is a municipal museum in Bruges, Belgium, built on the site of the medieval Eekhout Abbey.

It houses a collection of Flemish and Belgian painting covering six centuries, from Jan van Eyck to Marcel Broodthaers. The museum's highlights include Early Netherlandish paintings, works by Renaissance and Baroque masters, as well as a selection of paintings from the 18th and 19th century neo-classical and realist periods, milestones of Belgian symbolism and modernism, masterpieces of Flemish Expressionism and many items from the city's collection of post-war modern art.

Flemish Expressionism
Flemish Expressionism, also referred to as Belgian Expressionism, was one of the dominant art styles in Flanders during the interbellum. Influenced by artists like James Ensor and the early works of Vincent van Gogh, it was a distinct contemporary of German Expressionism. Contrary to the more rebellious and erotic nature of many German Expressionist works, the Flemish art of the School of Latem was more oriented towards the farming life, and was expressed in earthy colours and vigorous brushwork. It was also in general more oriented towards France and Brussels than to Germany, and incorporated elements of Fauvism and Cubism, for example the interest in "primitive" art, of both the ethnic and folk traditions. Flemish Expressionists like Spilliaert were more influenced by Ensor and Symbolism, or like Wouters were closer to the vibrant colours used by the Fauvists. The main proponents were Gust De Smet, Constant Permeke and Frits Van den Berghe.
Ioesse
Ioesse is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Ioesse putaoensis Ohbayashi & Lin, 2012

Ioesse rubra (Pic, 1925)

Ioesse sanguinolenta Thomson, 1864

Ioesse rubra
Ioesse rubra is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1925, originally under the genus Macrocelosterna. It is known from Thailand, Myanmar, China, Laos, and Vietnam.
Metro Richmond Zoo
Metro Richmond Zoo is a privately owned, for-profit zoo in Chesterfield County, Virginia. It is located in the central Virginia area, off of U.S. Route 360 (Hull Street Road), about 20 miles southwest of Richmond. Metro Richmond Zoo encompasses about 70 acres (28 ha) and houses around 2,000 animals representing over 190 species, including reticulated giraffe, white rhinoceros, snow leopard, cheetah and Grant's zebra.

The zoo is accredited by the Zoological Association of America (ZAA), and has one of the largest primate collections in the United States.

Reeves's pheasant
Reeves's pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii) is a large pheasant within the genus Syrmaticus. It is endemic to China. It is named after the British naturalist John Reeves, who first introduced live specimens to Europe in 1831.
Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology  is an 1897 book by American scholar Edward Payson Evans, published by D. Appleton & Company. It explores the ethical implications of evolutionary theory for nonhuman animals, arguing that evolutionary continuity challenges traditional anthropocentrism in moral philosophy. Drawing on historical and scientific sources, Evans critiques prevailing attitudes toward animals and calls for their inclusion within the sphere of moral concern.

Addressing topics such as animal psychology, the history of ethics, and human–animal relationships, the book argues that animals' mental and emotional capacities warrant ethical and legal recognition. It was among the first English-language works to link evolutionary ethics with animal rights, influencing later animal rights writers including Henry Stephens Salt, and received a mixed critical reception upon publication.

History of ethics
Ethics is the branch of philosophy that examines right and wrong moral behavior, moral concepts (such as justice, virtue, duty) and moral language. Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior". The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns matters of value, and thus comprises the branch of philosophy called axiology.

Various ethical theories pose various answers to the question "What is the greatest good?" and elaborate a complete set of proper behaviors for individuals and groups. Ethical theories are closely related to forms of life in various social orders.
Mohammed Ali Ahmed al-Haddad
Mohammed Ali Ahmed al-Haddad (Arabic: محمد علي أحمد الحداد; 1967 – 23 December 2025) was a Libyan field marshal who served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Libyan Army from 2020 until his death in a plane crash in 2025. The highest-ranking Libyan officer in the Government of National Unity (GNU), al-Haddad played a key role in efforts to reunify Libya's military. He also expanded military relations with other countries, both regionally and internationally.

Presidential Council (Libya)
The Presidential Council (Arabic: المجلس الرئاسي, al-Majlis ar-Rīʾāsiy, Tedaga: Mosko ndahaga Lîbiyaa-ã) is a body formed under the terms of the Libyan Political Agreement which was signed on 17 December 2015. The Council carries out the functions of head of state of Libya and is proposed to command the Libyan Armed Forces.

The agreement has been unanimously endorsed by the United Nations Security Council which welcomed the formation of the Presidency Council and recognized that the Government of National Accord is the sole legitimate executive government of Libya. After the House of Representatives ceased recognizing the unity government in 2022 and installed a rival government, the Presidential Council has been responsible for the Government of National Unity.
34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot
The 34th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1702. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot to form the Border Regiment in 1881.

Siege of Lucknow
The siege of Lucknow was the prolonged defence of the British Residency within the city of Lucknow from rebel sepoys (Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's Army) during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. After two successive relief attempts had reached the city, the defenders and civilians were evacuated from the Residency, which was then abandoned.
Gazella Peak
Gazella Peak (54°0′S 38°3′W﻿ / ﻿54.000°S 38.050°W﻿ / -54.000; -38.050) is a peak rising over 120 metres (390 ft) between Roche Peak and the Cordall Stacks on the north side of Bird Island, South Georgia. It was charted by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1963 after the species name of the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella), which breeds in considerable numbers on Bird Island.

Roché Peak
Roché Peak (54°00′S 38°02′W﻿ / ﻿54.000°S 38.033°W﻿ / -54.000; -38.033) is a conspicuous peak rising to 365 metres (1,198 ft), the highest feature on Bird Island, South Georgia. It stands 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) west of the east extremity of the island. The name La Roche Strait, for the nearby strait between Bird Island and South Georgia, was used for many years but has now been replaced in usage by Bird Sound. The name Roché Peak, given by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1960, preserves the original name for the area. The Englishman merchant Anthony de la Roché discovered South Georgia in 1675.
2022 Paraná gubernatorial election
The 2022 Paraná state election took place in the state of Paraná, Brazil on 2 October 2022. Voters elected a Governor, Vice Governor, one Senator, 30 representatives for the Chamber of Deputies, and 54 Legislative Assembly members. The incumbent Governor, Ratinho Júnior, of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), was reelected in the first round with 69.64% of the votes.

For the election to the Federal Senate, the seat occupied by Alvaro Dias (PODE), who was elected in 2014 by the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), was at dispute. He was able to run for reelection but was defeated by Sergio Moro, the former Minister of Justice and Public Security of Brazil.

Under the Constitution of Brazil, the governor will be elected for a four-year term starting 1 January 2023. Due to the approval of Constitutional Amendment No. 111, the term will end on 6 January 2027.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Rosalnice
Rosalnice (pronounced [ɾɔˈsaːlnitsɛ] or [ɾɔˈsaːu̯nitsɛ]; German: Rosalnitz) is a village on the left bank of the Kolpa River, east of the town of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, on the border with Croatia. The railway line from Novo Mesto to Karlovac runs through the settlement before it crosses the Kolpa River into Croatia. The entire area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Metlika
Metlika  (pronounced [mɛˈtlìːka] ⓘ; German: Möttling) is a town in southeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Metlika. It lies on the left bank of the Kolpa River on the border with Croatia. It is in the heart of the area of White Carniola, the southeastern part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Ralph Austin Bard
Ralph Austin Bard (July 29, 1884 – April 5, 1975) was a Chicago financier who served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 1941–1944, and as Under Secretary, 1944–1945. He is noted for a memorandum he wrote to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson in 1945 urging that Japan be given a warning before the use of the atomic bomb on a strategic city. He was "the only person known to have formally dissented from the use of the atomic bomb without advance warning."

Naval History and Heritage Command
The Naval History and Heritage Command, formerly the Naval Historical Center, is an Echelon II command responsible for the preservation, analysis, and dissemination of U.S. naval history and heritage located at the historic Washington Navy Yard.  The NHHC is composed of 42 facilities in 13 geographic locations including the Navy Department Library, 10 museums and 1 heritage center, USS Constitution repair facility and detachment, and historic ship ex-USS Nautilus.