hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Levitated Dipole Experiment
The Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) was an experiment investigating the generation of fusion power using the concept of a levitated dipole. The device was the first of its kind to test the levitated dipole concept and was funded by the US Department of Energy.  The machine was also part of a collaboration between the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center and Columbia University, where another (non-levitated) dipole experiment, the Collisionless Terrella Experiment (CTX), was located.

LDX ceased operations in November 2011 when its funding from the Department of Energy ended as resources were being diverted to tokamak research.

Langmuir probe
A Langmuir probe is a device used to determine the electron temperature, electron density, and electric potential of a plasma. It works by inserting one or more electrodes into a plasma, with a constant or time-varying electric potential between the various electrodes or between them and the surrounding vessel. The measured currents and potentials in this system allow the determination of the physical properties of the plasma.
Girj Gerdeh
Girj Gerdeh (Persian: گيرج گرده, also Romanized as Grīj Gerdeh; also known as Kach Kardeh, Gīj Gardan, Gīj Gerdeh, and Gīrj Gereh) is a village in Koregah-e Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 51, in 12 families.

Koregah-e Sharqi Rural District
Koregah-e Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان كرگاه شرقي) is in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Darai.  The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Dinarvand-e Olya.
Kareela (ferry)
Kareela was a "K-class" ferry on Sydney Harbour. Launched in 1905, the double-ended timber-hulled steamer was built for Sydney Ferries Limited in response to the early twentieth century boom in cross-harbour ferry travel prior to the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. She was the first of Sydney Ferries Limited's boats to have a fully enclosed upper deck.

She survived the 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge when many ferries were removed from service, and also the early 1950s rationalisation of the fleet following its takeover by the Government of New South Wales. Nicknamed "The Box", she had a relatively incident free career apart from a collision with a wharf that killed three of her passengers. She was sold in 1959 and broken up.

"Kareela" is thought to be an Australian Aboriginal word meaning "south wind".

Circular Quay
Circular Quay is a harbour, former working port and now international passenger shipping terminal, public piazza and tourism precinct, heritage area, and transport node located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, on the northern edge of the Sydney central business district on Sydney Cove, between Bennelong Point and The Rocks. It is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

The Circular Quay area is a popular neighbourhood for tourism and consists of walkways, pedestrian malls, parks and restaurants. It hosts a number of ferry wharves, bus stops, and a railway station. Often referred to as the "gateway to Sydney", the precinct has views of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House and is a common location for viewing Sydney New Year's Eve fireworks.
Guro Reiten
Guro Reiten (Norwegian: [ˈɡʉːrʊ ˈræɪtn̩]; born 26 July 1994) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a winger for English Women's Super League club Chelsea and the Norway national team. Before joining Chelsea in 2019, she played in Norway for Sunndal, Kattem, Trondheims-Ørn, and LSK Kvinner.

She made her debut for Norway in 2014 and has represented the team at several UEFA Women's Championships and FIFA Women's World Cups.

Gullballen
Gullballen (English: the Golden Ball) is a Norwegian football award given by the Norwegian Football Federation to the best male and female Norwegian footballers each year. The award replaced Kniksen of the Year as the main award given to the best Norwegian footballer in a calendar year.

The first award was given in 2014 to Stefan Johansen. Until 2018, the award was given to only one player, either male or female. In 2015, Ada Hegerberg became the first woman to win the award. Hegerberg, Caroline Graham Hansen, and Erling Haaland are the only players to have won the award more than twice. Gullballen has been given out at Norwegian sport award Idrettsgallaen since 2015.
Coalition for Reform Party
The Coalition for Reform Party is a political party in Papua New Guinea.

It was established in March 2012 by Joseph Lelang, then the former Secretary for National Planning and Monitoring. It won two seats at the 2012 election: Lelang won Kandrian-Glouster Open, while Sasindran Muthuvel became the first Indian-born MP in Papua New Guinea in winning West New Britain Provincial. The party supported Belden Namah against Prime Minister Peter O'Neill and subsequently went into opposition. Muthevel resigned from the party and crossed to the governing People's National Congress in March 2013, while Lelang remains a member.

As of September 2019, Lelang had left the party and joined the National Alliance.

People's National Congress (Papua New Guinea)
The People's National Congress is a political party in Papua New Guinea. Its former leader Bill Skate served as prime minister from 1997 to 1999 and as speaker of Parliament from 2002 to 2004. Skate died in 2006 and the party was led by Peter O'Neill until 2022. PNC originated from the National Capital District where former leader (late Bill Skate) was the Governor of NCD and the Parliamentary Member. The party had 16 members in the 113-seat National Parliament of Papua New Guinea as of December 2022.
Insurance patent
Under some patent laws, patents may be obtained for insurance-related inventions.  Historically, patents could only cover the technological aspects of a new insurance invention.  This is still the case in most countries.  In the United States, however, recent court decisions have encouraged more inventors to file patent applications on methods of doing business.  These patents may be used to get more comprehensive coverage of improvements in basic insurance processes, such as the methods of calculating premiums, reserves, underwriting, etc.  This is causing controversy in the insurance industry as some see it as a positive development and others see it as a negative development.

Usage-based insurance
Usage-based insurance (UBI), also known as pay as you drive (PAYD), pay how you drive (PHYD) and mile-based auto insurance, is a type of vehicle insurance whereby the costs are dependent upon type of vehicle used, measured against time, distance, behavior (Driver scoring) and place.

This differs from traditional insurance, which attempts to differentiate and reward "safe" drivers, giving them lower premiums and/or a no-claims bonus. However, conventional differentiation is a reflection of history rather than present patterns of behaviour. This means that it may take a long time before safer (or more reckless) patterns of driving and changes in lifestyle feed through into premiums.
Advantage Controls
Advantage Controls is a family-owned company based in Muskogee, Oklahoma that specializes in water treatment equipment and accessories. Advantage Controls has equipment in every continent barring Antarctica.

Muskogee, Oklahoma
Muskogee (/məˈskoʊɡiː/) is the 13th-largest city in Oklahoma and is the county seat of Muskogee County.  It lies approximately 48 miles (77 km) southeast of Tulsa. The population of the city was 36,878 as of the 2020 census, a 6.0% decrease from 39,223 in 2010.
Oorlams Creole
Oorlams (also: Oorlands, Oorlans) is a dialect of Afrikaans spoken in the Republic of South Africa and Namibia, by the Oorlam people.

It is considered to be either an Afrikaans-based creole language or a dialect of Afrikaans proper.

Oorlams has many elements from Khoi languages.

Khoekhoe language
Khoekhoe or Khoikhoi (/ˈkɔɪ.kɔɪ/ KOY-koy; Khoekhoegowab, Khoekhoe pronunciation: [k͡xʰo̜͡ek͡xʰo̜͡egowab]), also known by the ethnic terms Nama (/ˈnɑː.mə/ NAH-mə; Namagowab), Damara (ǂNūkhoegowab), or Nama/Damara and formerly as Hottentot, is the most widespread of the non-Bantu languages of Southern Africa that make heavy use of click consonants and therefore were formerly classified as Khoisan, a grouping now recognized as obsolete. It belongs to the Khoe language family, and is spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa primarily by three ethnic groups: Namakhoen, ǂNūkhoen, and Haiǁomkhoen.
Westphalian thaler
The thaler was a currency of the Kingdom of Westphalia between 1807 and 1813. From 1808, it circulated alongside the frank. The thaler was equal to those of the preceding states, including the Hannovarian thaler. It was subdivided into 36 Mariengroschen, each of 8 Pfennig.

Pfennig
The pfennig (German: [ˈpfɛnɪç] ⓘ; pl. 'pfennigs' or 'pfennige' (listenⓘ); symbol pf or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was an official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West Germany and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City of Danzig (modern Gdańsk, Poland).
Aemilius Sura
Aemilius Sura was an ancient Roman historian whose fragment "On the Years of the Roman People" (De annis populi Romani) appears in a gloss in the margin of Velleius Paterculus's Roman History. Theodor Mommsen believed that the larger work, which is now lost, was a compendium of the history of the world.

Here is Frederick W. Shipley's translation of the fragment:

The Assyrians were the first of all races to hold world power, then the Medes, and after them the Persians, and then the Macedonians. Then through the defeat of Kings Philip and Antiochus, of Macedonian origin, following closely upon the overthrow of Carthage, the world power passed to the Roman people. Between this time and the beginning of the reign of Ninus king of the Assyrians, who was the first to hold world power, lies an interval of nineteen hundred and ninety-five years.

Velleius Paterculus
Marcus Velleius Paterculus (/vɛˈliːəs, -ˈleɪəs/; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the period from the death of Caesar in 44 BC to the death of Augustus in AD 14.
Executive Council of the Western Cape
The Executive Council of the Western Cape is the cabinet of the executive branch of the provincial government in the South African province of the Western Cape. The Members of the Executive Council (MECs) are appointed from among the members of the Western Cape Provincial Legislature by the Premier of the Western Cape, an office held since the 2019 general election by Alan Winde. The council is referred to as the Executive Council in the national Constitution, but is denoted the Provincial Cabinet of the Western Cape in the Western Cape Constitution.

Constitution of the Western Cape
The Constitution of the Western Cape is, subject to the Constitution of South Africa, the highest law regulating the structure and powers of the government of the Western Cape province of South Africa. It was enacted by the Western Cape Provincial Legislature in terms of Chapter 6 of the national constitution, and came into force on 16 January 1998. The Western Cape is the only South African province to have adopted a constitution.
Old High Court Building, Melbourne
The Old High Court Building is a Heritage Council of Victoria and National Heritage List listed building in Little Bourke Street, Melbourne. The High Court of Australia sat at the building from 1928 to 1980, and it was the location of its registry from 1928 to 1973.

Significant cases heard at the old High Court Building include:

the Bank Nationalisation Case in 1948

the Communist Party Case in 1951

National Heritage List (Australia)
The Australian National Heritage List or National Heritage List (NHL) is a heritage register, a list of national heritage places deemed to be of outstanding heritage significance to Australia, established in 2003. The list includes natural and historic places, including those of cultural significance to Indigenous Australians such as Aboriginal Australian sacred sites. Having been assessed against a set list of criteria, once a place is put on the National Heritage List, the provisions of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) apply.

All places on this list can be found on the online Australian Heritage Database, along with other places on other Australian and world heritage listings.
Biparental inheritance
Biparental inheritance is a type of biological inheritance where the progeny inherits a maternal and a paternal allele for one gene. It is one of the criteria for Mendelian inheritance. Sexual reproduction, where offspring result from the fusion of gametes from two parents, is the most common form of biparental inheritance. While less common, cases of biparental inheritance in extranuclear genes have been documented, such as biparental inheritance of mitochondrial DNA, or chloroplast DNA in plants. Biparental inheritance of nuclear DNA by way of sexual reproduction can allow for new combinations of alleles from each contributing parent. The production of gametes through meiosis can sometimes include recombination, or crossing-over, which is a possibility for novel combinations of alleles.

Mendelian inheritance
Mendelian inheritance (also known as Mendelism) is a type of biological inheritance following the principles originally proposed by Augustinian Friar, the Right Rev. Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866, re-discovered in 1900 by Hugo de Vries and Carl Correns, and later popularized by William Bateson. Its defining characteristic is heavy association with a singular gene. The principles were initially controversial. When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics. Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.
2011 Carolina League season
The 2011 Carolina League was a Class A-Advanced baseball season played between April 7 and September 5. Eight teams played a 140-game schedule, with two teams from each division competing in the playoffs.

The Frederick Keys won the Carolina League championship, defeating the Kinston Indians in the final round of the playoffs.

Kinston Indians
The Kinston Indians were a Minor League Baseball team of the Carolina League (CL) located in Kinston, North Carolina, from 1978 to 2011. They played their home games at Grainger Stadium, which opened in 1949.

The team began play in 1978 as the Kinston Eagles, borrowing their name from the city's first team of the same name dating back to 1925. They became an affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays in 1979 and rebranded as the Kinston Blue Jays in 1982. Kinston reverted to the Eagles moniker in 1986 after the Toronto affiliation ended and became the Kinston Indians upon partnering with the Cleveland Indians in 1987. After the 2011 season, the Carolina League franchise was relocated to Zebulon, North Carolina, for the 2012 campaign to become the Carolina Mudcats.

The K-Tribe won the Carolina League championship in 1988, 1991, 1995, 2004, and 2006.
Church of the Transfer of the Relics of the Holy Father Nicholas, Dunaújváros
The Church of the Transfer of the Relics of the Holy Father Nicholas (Serbian Cyrillic: Црква преноса моштију светог оца Николаја, Hungarian: Szent Miklós Görögkeleti Plébániatemplom) is a Serbian Orthodox church in Dunaújváros in Hungary. The church was built in 1786.

The church is a single-nave, east-facing structure located on a high hill. Its architectural design includes a central tower with a distinctive spire and a semi-circular sanctuary. Situated on the castle hill, it is among the oldest churches in the region.

Dunaújváros
Dunaújváros (pronounced [ˈdunɒuːjvaːroʃ]; also known by alternative names) is an industrial city in Fejér County, Central Hungary. It is a city with county rights. Situated 70 kilometres (43 miles) south of Budapest on the Danube, the city is best known for its steelworks, which is the largest in the country.  It was built in the 1950s on the site of the former village of Dunapentele and was originally named Sztálinváros, before acquiring its current name in 1961.
Bumann Ranch
Bumann Ranch is a ranch in Encinitas, California. Previously owned by German colonists, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 6, 2020. Currently, the ranch contains twenty buildings on its 10 acres of land.

Encinitas, California
Encinitas is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. Located in Southern California, it is approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of San Diego, between Solana Beach and Carlsbad, and about 95 miles (153 km) south of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 62,007, up from 59,518 at the 2010 census.
Steven C. Harper
Steven Craig Harper (born 1970) is a professor of church history and doctrine at Brigham Young University. He was a historian for the Church History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. From 2019, he is the Editor-in-Chief of BYU Studies Quarterly.

Religious Studies Center
The Religious Studies Center (RSC) at Brigham Young University (BYU) sponsors and publishes scholarship on the culture, history, scripture, and doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Igopogo
In Canadian folklore, the Igopogo is a mythical creature said to dwell in Lake Simcoe, Ontario. The creature's name is ostensibly based on the Ogopogo, of Lake Okanagan, British Columbia, and also the title of the 1952 book I Go Pogo, a slogan often mentioned in the comic. Other nicknames for the Igopogo include Beaverton Bessie, after Beaverton, Ontario, and "Kempenfelt Kelly" after the bay that extends from the lake into the city of Barrie, Ontario. The city of Barrie erected The Sea Serpent sculpture, representing the legendary Igopogo, at the waterfront.

Lake Simcoe
Lake Simcoe is a lake in southern Ontario, Canada, the fourth-largest lake wholly within the province, after Lake Nipigon, Lac Seul, and Lake Nipissing. At the time of the first European contact in the 17th century, the lake was called Ouentironk ("Beautiful Water") by the native Wendat/Ouendat (Huron) people. It was also known as Lake Taronto until it was renamed by John Graves Simcoe, the first lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, in memory of his father, Captain John Simcoe of the Royal Navy. In Anishinaabemowin, the historical language of the First Nations living around this lake, namely Anishinaabek of Rama and Georgina Island First Nations, the lake is called Zhooniyaang-zaaga'igan, meaning "Silver Lake".
Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day
Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day (French: Fête de la Saint-Jean-Baptiste, la Saint-Jean, Fête nationale du Québec), also known in English as St John the Baptist Day, is a holiday celebrated on June 24 in the Canadian province of Quebec. It was brought to Canada by French settlers celebrating the traditional feast day of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist. It was declared a public holiday in Quebec in 1925, with publicly financed events organized province-wide by a Comité organisateur de la fête nationale du Québec.

Ici Radio-Canada Télé
Ici Radio-Canada Télé (stylized as ICI Radio-Canada Télé, and sometimes abbreviated as Ici Télé) is a Canadian French-language free-to-air television network spunoff Ici Radio-Canada Première, owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (known in French as Société Radio-Canada [SRC]), the national public broadcaster. Its English-language counterpart is CBC Television.

Its headquarters are at the Nouvelle Maison Radio-Canada in Montreal, which is also home to the network's flagship station, CBFT-DT, as well as the master control facilities of all of its owned-and-operated stations nationwide. Until the 2012 closedown of the CBC / Radio-Canada rebroadcaster network, it was the only francophone network in Canada to broadcast terrestrially in all Canadian provinces.
Minnesota–Nebraska football rivalry
The Minnesota–Nebraska football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Minnesota Golden Gophers and Nebraska Cornhuskers. The teams met regularly in the sport's early years and began an annual series when Nebraska joined the Big Ten Conference in 2011.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.
Roman Weidenfeller
Roman Weidenfeller (born 6 August 1980) is a German former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Bundesliga clubs 1. FC Kaiserslautern and Borussia Dortmund, as well as the Germany national team.

Weidenfeller spent 16 seasons with Dortmund and won both the Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal twice. In 2014, he won the FIFA World Cup with Germany.

2013 DFL-Supercup
The 2013 DFL-Supercup was the fourth DFL-Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions. It featured Bayern Munich, winners of the 2012–13 Bundesliga and the 2012–13 DFB-Pokal, and, as a result of the former winning both competitions, the Bundesliga runners-up Borussia Dortmund. The match was hosted by Dortmund at the Signal Iduna Park on 27 July 2013. The match took place two months after the same teams played each other in the 2013 UEFA Champions League final.

Borussia Dortmund won the match 4–2. It was their fourth triumph in the Supercup, which equalled the then-record held by Bayern Munich.
Lucie Chainel-Lefèvre
Lucie Chainel-Lefèvre (born 2 July 1983) is a French cyclo-cross racing cyclist. She won the bronze medal at the 2013 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in Louisville, United States. She was married to racing cyclist Steve Chainel but they separated in 2017.

Steve Chainel
Steve Chainel (born 6 September 1983 in Remiremont) is a French former professional racing cyclist. Chainel competed for the Auber 93, Bbox Bouygues Telecom, FDJ, Ag2r–La Mondiale, Cofidis and Cross Team Legendre professional teams.

Chainel left FDJ–BigMat at the end of the 2012 season, and signed a two-year contract with Ag2r–La Mondiale for the 2013 and 2014 seasons. Subsequently, Cofidis announced that they had signed Chainel for 2015.