hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regional water authority
A regional water authority, commonly known as a water board, was one of a group of public bodies that came into existence in England and Wales in April 1974, as a result of the Water Act 1973 coming into force.  This brought together in ten regional units a diverse range of bodies involved in water treatment and supply, sewage disposal, land drainage, river pollution and fisheries. They lasted until 1989, when the water industry was privatised and the water supply and sewerage and sewage disposal parts became companies and the regulatory arm formed the National Rivers Authority. Regional water authorities were also part of the Scottish water industry when three bodies covering the North, West and East of Scotland were created in 1996, to take over responsibilities for water supply and sewage treatment from the regional councils, but they only lasted until 2002, when they were replaced by the publicly owned Scottish Water.

Land Drainage Act 1930
The Land Drainage Act 1930 (20 & 21 Geo. 5. c. 44) was an act of the United Kingdom parliament which provided a new set of administrative structures to ensure that drainage of low-lying land could be managed effectively. It followed the proposals of a royal commission which sat during 1927.

The act sought to set up catchment boards with overall responsibility for each of the main rivers of England and Wales, and to alter the basis on which drainage rates could be collected, removing the 400-year-old precept that only those who directly benefited from drainage works could be expected to pay for them.
Black Sea Germans
The Black Sea Germans (German: Schwarzmeerdeutsche; Russian: черноморские немцы, romanized: chernomorskiye nemtsy; Ukrainian: чорноморські німці, romanized: chornomors'ki nimtsi) are ethnic Germans who left their homelands (starting in the late-18th century, but mainly in the early-19th century at the behest of Emperor Alexander I of Russia, r. 1801–1825), and settled in territories off the north coast of the Black Sea, mostly in the territories of the southern Russian Empire (including modern-day Ukraine).

Black Sea Germans are distinct from similar groups of settlers (Crimean Goths, the Bessarabia Germans, Crimea Germans, Dobrujan Germans, Russian Mennonites, Volga Germans, and Volhynian Germans), who are separate chronologically, geographically and culturally, but not mutually exclusive groups.

Zmiivka
Zmiivka (Ukrainian: Зміївка, pronounced [z⁽ʲ⁾miˈjiu̯kɐ]) is a village in Beryslav Raion, within Kherson Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Beryslav urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Zmiivka is known for its Old Swede community of Gammalsvenskby which was established there in the 18th century after they were deported from Dagö Island following the Russian annexation of Estonia.
2019–20 FA Women's Championship
The 2019–20 FA Women's Championship was the second season of the rebranded FA Women's Championship, the second tier of women's football in England.  It was renamed from the FA WSL 2 which was founded in 2014. The season began on 18 August 2019.

On 13 March 2020, in line with the FA's response to the coronavirus pandemic, it was announced the season was temporarily suspended until at least 3 April 2020. Following further postponements, the season was ultimately ended prematurely on 25 May 2020 with immediate effect.

On 5 June 2020, Aston Villa, who sat six points clear and had gone unbeaten in the season so far, were awarded the league title and promoted to the WSL on sporting merit after The FA Board's decision to award places on a points-per-game basis. Despite finishing last, Charlton Athletic were spared relegation after the seasons from tier three and below were null and voided  and results had been expunged.

2018–19 FA WSL
The 2018–19 FA WSL was the eighth edition of the FA Women's Super League (WSL) since it was formed in 2010. It was the first season after a rebranding of the four highest levels in English women's football. The previous FA WSL 2 became the Championship – eleven clubs competed in the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship.

Arsenal won their first WSL since 2012 with a 4–0 victory over Brighton & Hove Albion.
2,4,6-Tris(trinitromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine
2,4,6-Tris(trinitromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine is a chemical compound that is a derivative of triazine first prepared in 1995. It is synthesized by destructive nitration of 2,4,6-tricarboxyl-1,3,5-triazine. It is noteworthy for having more nitro groups than it does carbon atoms, thus potentially being useful as an oxygen source, or added to oxygen-poor explosives to increase their power.

Derivatives have been prepared by nucleophilic displacement of the nitro groups with azide and hydrazine.

Nitro compound
In organic chemistry, nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (−NO2). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing. Because of this property, C−H bonds alpha (adjacent) to the nitro group can be acidic. For similar reasons, the presence of nitro groups in aromatic compounds retards electrophilic aromatic substitution but facilitates nucleophilic aromatic substitution.  Nitro groups are rarely found in nature. They are almost invariably produced by nitration reactions starting with nitric acid.
Unifying Theories of Programming
Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) in computer science deals with program semantics. It shows how denotational semantics, operational semantics and algebraic semantics can be combined in a unified framework for the formal specification, design and implementation of programs and computer systems.

The book of this title by C.A.R. Hoare and He Jifeng was published in the Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science in 1998 and has been made freely available on the web.

A UTP Symposium series was started in 2006.

Semantics (programming languages)
In programming language theory, semantics is the rigorous mathematical logic study of the meaning of programming languages. Semantics assigns computational meaning to valid strings in a programming language syntax. It is closely related to, and often crosses over with, the semantics of mathematical proofs.

Semantics describes the processes a computer follows when executing a program in that specific language. This can be done by describing the relationship between the input and output of a program, or giving an explanation of how the program will be executed on a certain platform, thereby creating a model of computation.
Stephanie Cox
Stephanie Renee Cox (née Lopez; born April 3, 1986) is an American soccer coach and former professional player who played as a defender. She is currently the head coach of the Puget Sound Loggers women's soccer team.

As a player, Cox played as a defender for the United States women's national soccer team and won an Olympic gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

University of Portland
The University of Portland (UP) is a private Catholic university in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was founded in 1901 and is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross, which also founded UP's sister school, the University of Notre Dame. UP enrolls approximately 3,700 students.

The campus is in the University Park neighborhood near St. Johns, on a bluff overlooking the Willamette River. With a college of arts and sciences, a graduate school, and schools of business, education, engineering, and nursing and health innovations, it is Oregon's only comprehensive Catholic university. UP is North Portland's largest corporation and has an annual economic impact on Portland of $170 million. More than 17,000 alumni live in the Portland metropolitan area.
Comamonas guangdongensis
Comamonas guangdongensis is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, motile bacterium from the genus Comamonas and family Comamonadaceae, which was isolated from subterranean forest sediment in Guangdong Province in China.

Comamonadaceae
The Comamonadaceae are a family of the Betaproteobacteria. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are Gram-negative. They are aerobic and most of the species are motile via flagella. The cells are curved rod-shaped.
National Defense Council (Brazil)
The National Defense Council (CDN) (Portuguese: Conselho de Defesa Nacional) is a consultative body of the President of Brazil on matters of national security, foreign policy, and defence strategy. The Council was established on 29 November 1927 by President Washington Luís. It is composed of key ministers and military commanders and chaired by the President of Brazil.

President of Brazil
The president of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the President of the Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Brazil.

The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil has had six constitutions, three dictatorships, and three democratic periods. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, their term of office and the method of election.

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the 39th and current president. He was sworn in on 1 January 2023.
Stylidium aquaticum
Stylidium aquaticum is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium (family Stylidiaceae). The specific epithet aquaticum refers to this species' typical habitat. It is an annual plant that grows from 18 to 30 cm tall. Linear leaves, about 20-100 per plant, are scattered along the elongate, glabrous stem. The leaves are generally 1.7–11 mm long and 0.1-0.3 mm wide. Petioles and scapes are absent. Inflorescences are 3–8 cm long. Flowers are pink or white. S. aquaticum is only known from its type location in northwestern Northern Territory of Australia. Its habitat is recorded as being a Melaleuca viridiflora swamp, growing in shallow water at a depth of around 7 cm. It flowers in the Southern Hemisphere in May. S. aquaticum is most closely related to S. fissilobum but differs mostly in the leaf shape. Its conservation status has been assessed as data deficient.

Stylidium
Stylidium (the triggerplants or trigger plants) is a genus of dicotyledonous plants that belong to the family Stylidiaceae. The genus name Stylidium is derived from the Greek στύλος or stylos (column or pillar), which refers to the distinctive reproductive structure that its flowers possess. Pollination is achieved through the use of the sensitive "trigger", which comprises the male and female reproductive organs fused into a floral column that snaps forward quickly in response to touch, harmlessly covering the insect in pollen. Most of the approximately 300 species are only found in Australia, making it the fifth largest genus in that country. Triggerplants are considered to be protocarnivorous or carnivorous because the glandular trichomes that cover the scape and flower can trap, kill, and digest small insects with protease enzymes produced by the plant. Recent research has raised questions as to the status of protocarnivory within Stylidium.
RTÉ Three
RTÉ Three was a proposed channel by RTÉ Television.

It was the working title of a proposed general entertainment channel. It was initially proposed that the channel would air a variety of programming not then being shown on RTÉ One and RTÉ Two as well as having access to the RTÉ archives. The announcement of the channel in May 2008 was timed to coincide with the launch of the Broadcasting Bill 2008, which provided for the switching off of Ireland's analogue signal and the launch of two new government backed stations: the Houses of the Oireachtas Channel and the Irish Film Channel.

According to RTÉ CEL's and UPC Ireland's application for the 3 commercial DTT multiplexes, RTÉ Three would broadcast during weekdays, timesharing with RTÉ Sport which would air at weekends. Given that a children's channel was mooted, it was likely that RTÉ Two would be reconfigured along the lines of RTÉ Three plans with RTÉ Two possibly renamed RTÉ Two-Ten.

RTÉ KIDSjr
RTÉ KIDSjr (formerly RTÉjr)  is an Irish free-to-air children's television channel owned and operated by RTÉ. The channel mainly targets 2- to 7-year-olds, but some cartoons for older children also air. The channel is part of RTÉ Kids.

The channel broadcasts 12 hours of programming each day between 7:00 am and 7:00 pm. It is supported by additional services available on-demand, on mobile and online. The channel operates alongside its sister strand RTÉ Kids on RTÉ2. Until 2025, there was a companion radio service called RTÉ Jr Radio.
FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2011 – Men's ski cross
The men's Ski cross competition of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2011 was held at Deer Valley, Utah, United States between February 3 and 4, 2011 (qualifications and finals).

46 athletes from 20 countries competed.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2011
The 2011 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships  were held at Deer Valley Resort, together with Park City Mountain Resort. The 2011 FIS Freestyle World Championships took place from January 30 until February 7, 2011, and included aerials, moguls, dual moguls and ski cross competitions at Deer Valley Resort and the slopestyle and ski halfpipe competitions at Park City Mountain Resort. Deer Valley previously held the World Championships in 2003.
Mayor of Dipolog
The mayor of Dipolog (Filipino: Punong Lungsod ng Dipolog, Cebuano: Mayor sa Dakbayan sa Dipolog) is the head of the executive branch of the government of Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. The mayor holds office at the Dipolog City Hall.

Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the mayor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former mayor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice mayor becomes the mayor.

2022 Zamboanga del Norte local elections
Local elections were held in the province of Zamboanga del Norte of the Philippines, on May 9, 2022 as part of the 2022 general election. Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a municipal and city mayor, vice mayor and councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the governor, vice governor and representatives for the three districts of Zamboanga del Norte.
Madure railway station
Madure railway station is a train station on the Konkan Railway. It is at a distance of 373.500 km (232.1 mi) down from origin. The preceding station on the line is Sawantwadi Road railway station and the next station is Pernem railway station. This station serves the village of Madura and also it is the last Konkan Railway station in Maharashtra.

The station offers free Wi-Fi.

Pernem railway station
Pernem railway station (Station code: PERN) is a railway station in North Goa district of Goa state.

It is part of the Konkan Railway, in the town of Pernem in the North Goa district of Goa State and is under Karwar railway division of Konkan Railway zone, a subsidiary zone of Indian Railways.
1955 Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The 1955 Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season was the season of college football played by the six member schools of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) as part of the 1955 college football season.

The Hillsdale Dales, in their second season under head coach Muddy Waters, won the conference championship with a perfect 9–0 record (6–0 against MIAA opponents).

Muddy Waters (American football)
Franklin Dean "Muddy" Waters Jr. (January 30, 1923 – September 20, 2006) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Hillsdale College (1954–1973), Saginaw Valley State University (1975–1979), and Michigan State University (1980–1982), compiling a career college football head coaching record of 173–96–7. Waters was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2000.
Brian Fairlie
Brian Fairlie (born 13 June 1948) is a New Zealand tennis player. During his career from 1968 to 1979, he won four titles in doubles, all with the Egyptian player Ismail El Shafei, and 10 singles titles in the Open era (and at least two more in 1967).

Ismail El Shafei
Ismail El Shafei (Arabic: إسماعيل الشافعي) (born 15 November 1947) is an Egyptian former professional tennis player and president of the Egyptian Tennis Federation. He is currently a member of the board of directors of the International Tennis Federation and is chairman of the ITF Junior Circuit. He won six career singles titles and reached eleven finals. In doubles, he won nine career titles.
Charles W. Baker Airport
Charles W. Baker Airport (FAA LID: 2M8) is a civil, publicly owned airport. It is located four miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Millington, a city in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States. It is 10 miles (16 km) from downtown Memphis. It is owned and operated by Memphis - Shelby County Airport Authority. It also immediately adjacent to Memphis International Raceway.

Memphis International Raceway
Darana Motorsports Park Millington (formerly known as Memphis International Raceway and Memphis Motorsports Park) is an auto racing park located near the Loosahatchie River in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States, approximately ten miles south of Millington, and a few miles north of the city of Memphis.
Ry Nikonova
Anna Aleksandrovna Tarshis (Russian: Анна Александровна Таршис; 25 June 1942 – 10 March 2014), better known as Ry Nikonova (Russian: Ры Никонова) or Rea Nikonova, was a Russian artist, poet, and writer. Many of her artworks are held in private and public collections throughout the world.

Nikonova was a main theoretical thinker behind Transfurism movement as well as a prominent figure in mail art history. Her literary and visual works were published in Russia, Spain, US, and other countries. She was an editor of samizdat magazines Transponans and Double. She founded "Uktuss School" art movement in Yekaterinburg, Russia.

Visual poetry
Visual poetry is a style of poetry that incorporates graphic and visual design elements to convey its meaning. This style combines visual art and written expression to create new ways of presenting and interpreting poetry.

Visual poetry focuses on playing with form, which means it often takes on various art styles. These styles can range from altering the structure of the words on the page to adding other kinds of media to change the poem itself.

Some forms of visual poetry may retain their narrative structure, but this is not a requirement of visual poetry. Some visual poets create more abstract works that steer away from linguistic meaning and instead focus heavily on the composition of words and letters to create a visually pleasing piece.
Christian de Chergé
Charles-Marie Christian de Chergé, O.C.S.O (Colmar, 18 January 1937 – 21 May 1996), was a French Cistercian, one of the seven monks kidnapped from the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas in Tibhirine, Algeria, and believed to have been later killed by Islamists in 1996. He was beatified with eighteen others, the Martyrs of Algeria, on December 9, 2018.

Trappists
The Trappists, officially known as the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (Latin: Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae, abbreviated as OCSO) and originally named the Order of Reformed Cistercians of Our Lady of La Trappe, are a Catholic religious order of cloistered monastics that branched off from the Cistercians. They follow the Rule of Saint Benedict and have communities of both monks and nuns that are known as Trappists and Trappistines, respectively. They are named after La Trappe Abbey, the monastery from which the movement and religious order originated. The movement began with the reforms that Abbot Armand Jean le Bouthillier de Rancé introduced in 1664, later leading to the creation of Trappist congregations, and eventually the formal constitution as a separate religious order in 1892.
Limerick County (Dáil constituency)
Limerick County is a parliamentary constituency that has been represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas, since the 2016 general election. The constituency elects three deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Dáil constituencies
There are 43 multi-member electoral districts, known as Dáil constituencies, to elect 174 TDs to Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, Ireland's parliament, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV), to a maximum term of five years. The configuration of constituencies was amended by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023, which were in operation for the 2024 general election.
Absolute electrode potential
Absolute electrode potential, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, is the electrode potential of a metal measured with respect to a universal reference system (without any additional metal–solution interface).

Volt
The volt (symbol: V), named after Alessandro Volta, is the unit of measurement of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI).
Shoulder angel
A shoulder angel is a plot device used for dramatic and/or humorous effect in fiction, mainly in animation and comic books/strips. The angel represents conscience and is often accompanied by a shoulder devil representing temptation. They are a useful convention for depicting the inner conflict of a character.

Plot device
A plot device or plot mechanism
is any technique in a narrative used to move the plot forward.

A clichéd plot device may annoy the reader and a contrived or arbitrary device may confuse the reader, causing a loss of the suspension of disbelief. However, a well-crafted plot device, or one that emerges naturally from the setting or characters of the story, may be entirely accepted, or may even be unnoticed by the audience.
Rammelsbach
Rammelsbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

Kusel (district)
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north-west clockwise) Birkenfeld, Bad Kreuznach, Donnersbergkreis, Kaiserslautern, Saarpfalz and Sankt Wendel (the last two belonging to the state of Saarland).
Anthurium clavigerum
Anthurium clavigerum is a species of plant in the genus Anthurium. Native to Central and South America, it ranges from Honduras to central and western Brazil. This epiphyte has distinctive leaves that are deeply lobed and sometimes sinuous edges. The main stem can be several meters long and the palmate leaves can be 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) across, giving it the largest foliage of any Anthurium in Central America.

Anthurium
Anthurium (/ænˈθjuːriəm/; Schott, 1829) is a genus of about 1,000 species of flowering plants, the largest genus of the arum family, Araceae. General common names include anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, pigtail plant, and laceleaf.

The genus is native to the Americas, where it is distributed from northern Mexico to northern Argentina and parts of the Caribbean.