hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hepatopancreatic parvovirus
Hepatopancreatic parvoviruses (HPV) are viruses with single-stranded DNA genomes that are in the family Parvoviridae, and which infect shrimp, prawn and other crustaceans. HPV infects the epithelial cells of the host's hepatopancreas and midgut, leading to stunted growth at the early life stage. For shrimp farms, especially in Asian countries such as China, India and Indonesia, HPV can lead to economic losses in aquaculture due to the reduced production.

Chinese white shrimp
The Chinese white shrimp, oriental shrimp, or fleshy prawn  (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) is a species of shrimp. It is cultivated at an industrial level off mainland China. Production was devastated by a series of epidemics in the 1990s and early 2000s. Its wild capture has since recovered and expanded, but it is now farmed at lower levels than previously.

It was formerly known as Cancer chinensis, Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus orientalis, but has been reassigned to Fenneropenaeus.
Mount Thorarinsson
Mount Thorarinsson (67°15′S 64°59′W﻿ / ﻿67.250°S 64.983°W﻿ / -67.250; -64.983) is a peak at the south side of the terminus of Hess Glacier on the east coast of Graham Land. The feature forms a point on the rocky spur that descends from the plateau, and is one of the most distinctive features along the coast as viewed from the Larsen Ice Shelf. This coastal area was photographed by several American expeditions: United States Antarctic Service (USAS), 1939–41; Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48; U.S. Navy photos, 1968. Mapped by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1947–48. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Sigurdur Thorarinsson, Icelandic glaciologist.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Thorarinsson". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Hess Glacier
Hess Glacier (67°13′S 65°5′W﻿ / ﻿67.217°S 65.083°W﻿ / -67.217; -65.083) is a glacier approximately 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) long, flowing east-northeast between steep rock walls to its terminus, located 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) southwest of Monnier Point on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted in 1947 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, which named it after Hans Hess, a German glaciologist.
Reuben Martin
Reuben Martin (January 20, 1877 – April 17, 1946) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Wilkie from 1917 to 1921 as a Liberal.

He was born in Ontario, learned to be a shoemaker and then, in 1894, travelled west to Boissevain, Manitoba, where he opened a men's clothing store. In 1906, he moved to Battleford, Saskatchewan. In 1909, he came to Macklin as manager of a lumber yard. Martin married Martha Ireland later that same year. They settled on a homestead north of Macklin. Martin served on the first town council for Macklin, was a member of the local school board, also serving as chairman, and was reeve of Eye Hill at the time of his death in 1946. He was defeated by Sidney Bingham when he ran for reelection in 1921.

Sidney Bingham
Sidney Bingham (January 2, 1875 – 1938) was an English-born farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Wilkie in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1921 to 1925 as a Progressive Party member.

He was born in Harpenden, the son of Arthur Bingham and Emily Plummer, and came to Canada in 1905. In 1895, Bingham had married Mary Lee. He lived in Wolfe, Saskatchewan. Bingham was defeated by Robert Nay when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1925.
1973 Orange Bowl
The 1973 Orange Bowl was the 39th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, on Monday, January 1. The final game of the 1972–73 bowl season, it matched the ninth-ranked Nebraska Cornhuskers of the Big Eight Conference and the independent #12 Notre Dame Fighting Irish, led by their respective hall of fame coaches, Bob Devaney and Ara Parseghian.

Two-time defending national champion Nebraska scored early and won 40–6; Notre Dame was held scoreless until the fourth quarter to avoid a shutout.

Tom Clements
Thomas Albert Clements (born June 18, 1953) is an American former professional football player and coach. He played as a quarterback in the Canadian Football League (CFL) and National Football League (NFL). After his playing career, he served as an assistant coach for the Arizona Cardinals, Buffalo Bills, Pittsburgh Steelers, Kansas City Chiefs, New Orleans Saints, Green Bay Packers, and the University of Notre Dame.
Asengeprast
Asengeprast (development code FT011) is an experimental scleroderma drug candidate. It is a small molecule inhibitor of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR68 with antifibrotic activity. It is being developed by Certa Therapeutics.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug status to FT011, for systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Asengeprast has been reported to attenuate fibrosis and chronic heart failure in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Asengeprast can also inhibit kidney fibrosis and prevent kidney failure. It was developed by structure-activity optimization of the antifibrotic activity of cinnamoyl anthranilates, by assessment of their ability to prevent TGF-beta-stimulated production of collagen.

Experimental drug
An experimental drug is a medicinal product (a drug or vaccine) that has not yet received approval from governmental regulatory authorities for routine use in human or veterinary medicine. A medicinal product may be approved for use in one disease or condition but still be considered experimental for other diseases or conditions.
Ruhpolding
Ruhpolding (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːpɔldɪŋ]) is the municipality with the biggest area of the Traunstein district in southeastern Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the south of the Chiemgau region in the Alps and next to the Austrian border.

The economy is based on tourism and sports. Major winter sports held in the district include biathlon and Ski jumping. Other sports which are possible for tourists and residents are golf, mountainbiking, shooting, hiking, fly fishing and skiing.

Traunstein (district)
Traunstein is a Landkreis (district) in the southeastern part of Bavaria, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Mühldorf, Altötting, the Austrian states Upper Austria and Salzburg, the district Berchtesgadener Land, the Austrian states of Salzburg and Tyrol, and the district Rosenheim.
James Norwood
James Norwood (born 5 September 1990) is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for EFL League Two club Fleetwood Town.

He started his career with Eastbourne Town, making eighteen senior appearances before signing for Exeter City in July 2009. Two years later, in June 2011, he joined Forest Green Rovers, who he left in May 2015 to join Tranmere Rovers and later Ipswich Town in 2019. He signed for Barnsley in July 2022 on a one-year deal.

Norwood also represented England Schools in 2009, making his debut on 5 March against Wales in the Carnegie Centenary Shield. He scored his first goal against France on 13 June 2009.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Norshahrul Idlan
Norshahrul Idlan bin Talaha (born 8 June 1986) is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a forward. From 2007 to 2022, he represented the Malaysia national team. He popularly known as Mat Yo by Malaysian football fans.

FAM Football Awards
The Football Association of Malaysia National Football Awards are presented to the best football local and foreign players and coaches. They have been awarded since the 2005–06 Malaysia Super League season.
Steve Gadd
Stephen Kendall Gadd (born April 9, 1945) is an American drummer and session musician. Gadd is one of the best-known and most highly regarded session and studio drummers in the industry, recognized by his induction into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1984. Gadd's performances on Paul Simon's "50 Ways to Leave Your Lover" (1976) and "Late in the Evening" (1980), Herbie Mann's "Hi-jack" (1975) and Steely Dan's "Aja" (1977) are examples of his style. He has worked with other popular musicians from many genres including Van McCoy, Simon & Garfunkel, James Taylor, Chick Corea, Chuck Mangione, Randy Crawford, Eric Clapton, Michel Petrucciani, Paul McCartney, and David Gilmour.

Herbie Mann
Herbert Jay Solomon (April 16, 1930 – July 1, 2003), known by his stage name Herbie Mann, was an American jazz flute player and important early practitioner of world music. Early in his career, he also played tenor saxophone and clarinet (including bass clarinet), but Mann was among the first jazz musicians to specialize on the flute. His most popular single was "Hi-Jack", which was a Billboard No. 1 dance hit for three weeks in 1975.

Mann emphasized the groove approach in his music. Mann felt that from his repertoire, the "epitome of a groove record" was Memphis Underground or Push Push, because the "rhythm section locked all in one perception."
Infectious tolerance
Infectious tolerance is a term referring to a phenomenon where a tolerance-inducing state is transferred from one cell population to another. It can be induced in many ways; although it is often artificially induced, it is a natural in vivo process. A number of research deal with the development of a strategy utilizing this phenomenon in transplantation immunology. The goal is to achieve long-term tolerance of the transplant through short-term therapy.

Transplant rejection
Transplant rejection occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue. Transplant rejection can be lessened by determining the molecular similitude between donor and recipient and by use of immunosuppressant drugs after transplant.
Apple Home
Apple Home (previously branded as Apple HomeKit) is a smart home platform developed by Apple that lets users configure, communicate with and control smart appliances using Apple devices. Apple Home communicates with devices using the HomeKit software framework developed by Apple and the open Matter standard. By designing rooms, items and actions in Apple Home, users can enable automations in the home through a voice command to Siri or through Apple's Home app or third party apps. With Apple Home, developers are able to create complex applications in order to manage accessories at a high level.

Apple Home primarily competes with smart home platforms such as Amazon Alexa and Google Home. As of 2024, Apple lists over 1,000 devices compatible with Apple Home, compared to 10,000 for Google and 85,000 for Amazon.

Google Home (platform)
Google Home is a smart home platform developed by Google that lets users configure, communicate with and control smart appliances using devices that run Google-made operating systems. Google Home communicates with devices using HomeKit, the software framework and communication protocol developed by Google, and the open Matter standard. By designing rooms, items, and actions in Google Home, users can enable automations in the home through a voice command to Gemini, through Google's Home app, or third party apps. With Google Home, developers are able to create complex applications in order to manage accessories at a high level.

Google Home primarily competes with smart home platforms from Amazon and Apple. As of 2024, Google lists over 10,000 devices compatible with Google Home, compared to 1,000 for Apple and 85,000 for Amazon.
Vlinder Guyot
Vlinder Guyot (also known as Alba Seamount) is a guyot in the Western Pacific Ocean. It rises to a depth of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) and has a flat top covering an area of 40 by 50 kilometres (25 mi × 31 mi). On top of this flat top lie some volcanic cones, one of which rises to a depth of 551 metres (1,808 ft) below sea level. Vlinder Guyot has noticeable rift zones, including an older and lower volcano to the northwest and Oma Vlinder seamount south.

Vlinder Guyot formed about 95 million years ago, presumably as a consequence of hotspot volcanism. The volcanic island became an atoll with active reefs that eventually drowned in the Albian-Cenomanian, although renewed volcanic activity until the Miocene sometimes sustained shallow water environments. The guyot is currently settled by numerous types of animals and is part of an area leased for mining purposes.

Samoa hotspot
The Samoa hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located in the south Pacific Ocean.
The hotspot model describes a hot upwelling plume of magma through the Earth's crust as an explanation of how volcanic islands are formed. The hotspot idea came from J. Tuzo Wilson in 1963 based on the Hawaiian Islands volcanic chain.

In theory, the Samoa hotspot is based on the Pacific Tectonic Plate travelling over a fixed hotspot located deep underneath the Samoan Islands.
The Samoa hotspot has created the Samoan Islands (American Samoa and Samoa), the islands of Uvea or Wallis Island (Wallis and Futuna) and Niulakita (Tuvalu), as well as the submerged Pasco banks and Alexa Bank.

As the Pacific Plate moves slowly over the hotspot, thermal activity builds up and is released in magma plume spewing through the Earth's crust, forming each island in a chain. The Samoa islands generally lie in a straight line, east to west, in the same direction of the tectonic plate 'drifting' over the hotspot.
San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle Awards 2022
The 21st San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle Awards, honoring the best in film for 2022, were given on January 9, 2023. The nominations were announced on January 6, 2023, with The Banshees of Inisherin leading the nominations with eleven. The film won Best Picture, though Tár received the most awards, with four wins, including Best Director (Todd Field) and Best Actress (Cate Blanchett).

San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director
The San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director is an award given by the San Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle to honor a film director who has delivered an outstanding directorial achievement in filmmaking.
HM Prison Long Lartin
HM Prison Long Lartin is a Category A men's prison, located in the village of South Littleton (near Evesham) in the Wychavon district in Worcestershire, England. It is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service.

Prisoner security categories in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, prisoners are divided into four categories of security. Each adult is assigned to a category according to their crime, sentence, the risk of escape, and violent tendencies. The categories are designated with the letters A to D, with A being the highest level of security, and D the lowest.

There are three different prison services in the United Kingdom, and separate services for the three Crown Dependencies, i.e., the Channel Islands jointly and the Isle of Man. His Majesty's Prison Service manages prisons in England and Wales, and also serves as the National Offender Management Service for England and Wales. Prisons in Scotland are managed by the Scottish Prison Service and prisons in Northern Ireland are managed by the Northern Ireland Prison Service.
Shai Davidai
Shai Davidai (born 1983 or 1984) is an Israeli former assistant professor of business at Columbia Business School known for his outspoken advocacy for Israel and against the Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus protests and occupations during the Gaza war. After the October 7 attacks on Israel and subsequent Gaza war, Davidai's pro-Israel activity led him into conflict with Columbia University students, faculty, and administrators. He was temporarily suspended from the university for alleged harassment of faculty. An investigation into his conduct ended without a conclusion, and he left Columbia in July 2025.

Students for Justice in Palestine
Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP; Arabic: طلاب من أجل العدالة في فلسطين, romanized: Ṭullāb min ajl al-ʿAdāla fī Filasṭīn) is a pro-Palestinian college student activism organization in the United States, Canada, and New Zealand. Founded at the University of California, Berkeley in 1993, it has campaigned for the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions movement. The SJP praised  Hamas's October 7 attacks on Israel as a "historic win for the Palestinian resistance". The group has faced accusations of antisemitism and a number of its campus chapters have been suspended.
The Deniers
The Deniers is a 2008 book by Lawrence Solomon. Subtitled "The world-renowned scientists who stood up against global warming hysteria, political persecution, and fraud," the book draws attention to a number of scientists and others who, according to Solomon, have advanced arguments against what he calls the "alarmist" view of global warming, as presented by Al Gore, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the mainstream media, and others. The book is based on a series of columns Solomon wrote for Canada's National Post.  It has been criticized for misquoting the scientists it featured.

Roger Revelle
Roger Randall Dougan Revelle (March 7, 1909 – July 15, 1991) was a scientist and scholar who was instrumental in the formative years of the University of California, San Diego, and was among the early scientists to study anthropogenic global warming, as well as the movement of Earth's tectonic plates. UC San Diego's first college is named Revelle College in his honor.
Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China
The Foreign Investment Law is a law of the People's Republic of China governing foreign direct investment in China. The law was adopted by the National People's Congress on March 15, 2019, and came into effect on January 1, 2020. It replaces the Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Wholly Foreign-owned Enterprises, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-Foreign Cooperative Joint Ventures.

Ministry of Commerce (China)
The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) is an executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for formulating policies on foreign trade, export and import regulations, foreign direct investments, consumer protection, market competition (competition regulator), and negotiating bilateral and multilateral trade agreements. It is the 20th-ranked department of the State Council. The current minister is Wang Wentao.
Unified primary
A unified primary (or top-2 approval+runoff) is an electoral system for narrowing the field of candidates for a single-winner election, similar to a nonpartisan blanket primary, but using approval voting for the first round, advancing the top-two candidates, allowing voters to confirm the majority-supported candidate in the general election.

2025 St. Louis mayoral election
The 2025 St. Louis mayoral election was held on April 8, 2025, to elect the mayor of St. Louis, Missouri. The non-partisan election used approval voting, with the top-two candidates in the March 4 primary advancing to the April general election. In a rematch of the 2021 election, first-term incumbent mayor Tishaura Jones was defeated by alderwoman Cara Spencer by a wide margin.
Guentherus
Guentherus is a genus of jellynose fishes, belonging to the Ateleopodidae family, with two recognized species:

Guentherus altivela Osório, 1917 (jellynose, highfin tadpole fish)

Guentherus katoi Senou, Kuwayama & Hirate, 2008

The genus distinguishes itself from others in its family because of discrepancies in morphology. Guentherus has "3 free rays followed by 6–9 normal rays with membrane between them in the pelvic fins." Other genera in this family have "a single long filament or 1 relatively developed ray plus 0 to 3 rudimentary rays."

Guentherus katoi
Guentherus katoi is a species of fish in the Ateleopodidae family. The fish is only known in Kumanonada
Sea, Ryukyu Islands and Kume Island in Japan. The fish was recorded at a length of 69.4 centimeters long (SL).
Cha Cha! Billy May
Cha Cha! Billy May is a studio album released by Billy May in 1960 on Capitol LP record T1329 (monophonic) and ST1329 (stereophonic).  The album features instrumental Latin renderings of big band standards and theme songs of many top musical outfits.  Many of the arrangements are done tonge-in-cheek, even Capitol's own publicity described "Twelfth Street Rag-Cha-Cha" as "unforgivable".  Further playfulness is revealed in the song "Good-Bye" in which May's arrangement references the Benny Goodman bandmembers' habit of singing "go to hell, go to hell" over the repeating riff.  The album was recorded on October 1, 1959, at Capitol Studios in Hollywood.  May's experience arranging and performing this album subsequently influenced his arrangements for the Frank Sinatra album Sinatra Swings.

Sinatra Swings
Sinatra Swings (originally titled Swing Along with Me) is the twenty-second studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra with Billy May and his Orchestra, released in July 1961.

The album's two titles derive from the fact that Capitol thought the album, originally titled Swing Along With Me, was too close in sound and title to Sinatra's earlier Capitol album Come Swing with Me! that the label sought, and was granted, a court order requiring Reprise to change the title of this, only his second Reprise album, to Sinatra Swings. Reprise was not required to recall LPs already shipped, but had to print new labels and jackets.  All compact disc releases have retained the artwork with the alternate title intact.

It was advertised on the record sleeve as featuring "twelve of the most uninhibited Sinatra things ever recorded." The tracks were arranged and conducted by Billy May and his orchestra. Sinatra had a small hit with the single "Granada" included on this album.
Roy C. Knapp
Roy Cecil Knapp (October 26, 1891 – June 16, 1979) was an American drummer and music educator. Known as "The Dean of American Drum Teachers", he founded the Roy C. Knapp School of Percussion in 1938. He was a longtime network orchestra member and sought-after studio musician skilled as a tympanist, percussionist and xylophone soloist.  He performed on shows broadcast during radio's golden age in Chicago, Illinois, and was a founding member of the National Association of Rudimental Drummers (N.A.R.D.), which was formed in 1933.

Ludwig Drums
Ludwig Drums is a United States musical instrument manufacturer, focused on percussion. It is a subsidiary of Conn-Selmer.

Products manufactured by Ludwig include timpani, drum kits, and drum hardware. The company also makes keyboard percussion instruments, such as marimbas, vibraphones, and xylophones, through the Ludwig-Musser brand.