hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
14th Bombardment Squadron
The 14th Bombardment Squadron was a squadron of the United States Army Air Forces. The squadron fought in the Battle of the Philippines (1941–42), much of its aircraft being destroyed in combat against the Japanese.  The survivors of the ground echelon fought as infantry during Battle of Bataan and after their surrender, were subjected to the Bataan Death March, although some did escape to Australia.  The remainder of the air echelon fought in the Dutch East Indies campaign (1942) before being reassigned to other units.  The squadron was never remanned or equipped.  It was carried as an active unit until 2 April 1946.

Batchelor Airfield
Batchelor Airfield, (ICAO: YBCR) is an airport located south of Batchelor, Northern Territory, Australia. The airport currently has no commercial air services; however, it is utilised by the Northern Australian Gliding Club and the Alice Springs Aero Club as a flight training base.
Jun Jae-youn
Jun Jae-Youn or Jeon Jae-Yeon (born 9 February 1983) is a South Korean badminton player. Born in Pocheon, Jun was part of the Korea National Sport University. She was the champion at the 2004 Asian Championships in the women's singles event. She played badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics for South Korea, defeating Charmaine Reid of Canada in the first round but losing to Cheng Shao-chieh of Chinese Taipei in the round of 16. At the 2005 Swiss Open, she was suffered a rupture of the knee cruciate ligament injury at the match against Xu Huaiwen of Germany in the quarter-finals round. Jun also competed at the Olympic Games for the second time at the 2008 Beijing and reach in to the third round. She beat Kamila Augustyn and Chloe Magee in the first and two rounds, but was defeated by Zhang Ning in the straight games.

Kamila Augustyn
Kamila Anna Augustyn (born 14 January 1982 in Słupsk) is a Polish badminton player from Piasta Słupsk club. She won her first elite badminton title at the 2006 Denmark Open in the women's doubles event partnered with Nadieżda Kostiuczyk. She competed at the 2008 Beijing and 2012 London Summer Olympics in the women's singles event.
Gary Moncher
Gary Moncher was Patten University's third president in office and the first male president.  He was appointed by Bebe Patten and the institution's board of directors and succeeded Priscilla C. Benham after seventeen years of service, fifty-six years after the establishment of the organization. He resigned as president in June 2012.

Bebe Patten
Bebe Patten (September 13, 1913 – January 25, 2004) was the founder of Patten University (formerly Oakland Bible Institute), Patten Academy, Christian Cathedral and the Christian Evangelical Churches of America, Inc. denomination.

Bebe Patten had three children: identical twins Rebecca and Priscilla in 1950 and Thomas Patten Jr. in 1954.

For her achievements in education and religion, Patten received resolutions from the California State Senate (1978, 1994, and 2003) and Elihu Harris (1994).
Isla Santa Catalina
Isla Santa Catalina, officially known as Isla Catalana, is an island in the Gulf of California east of the Baja California Peninsula. The island is uninhabited and is part of the Loreto Municipality.

The island is located south of the Gulf of California and is located 25 km from the peninsula of Baja California. It has about 13 km long and 4 km wide maximum with total area of 39.273 square kilometers. Isla Catalana, being uninhabited, is separated by the sea from the nearest town, Loreto, which lies about 60 km away.

Loreto Municipality, Baja California Sur
Loreto  (Spanish pronunciation: [loˈɾeto]) is a municipality in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. It was created in 1992 from the partition of the neighboring Comondú Municipality. The municipal seat is in the town of Loreto, which was the former capital of Las Californias during Spanish colonial times.

The 2020 census reported a population of 18,052, about 94% of whom lived in the town of Loreto. The municipality has an area of 4,311 km2 (1,664 sq mi).
Coyote Butte Limestone
The Coyote Butte Limestone (OR085) is a geologic formation in Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Sakmarian to Kungurian stages of the Permian period, spanning an estimated 23 million years. The formation occurs in isolated buttes to the north; Triangulation Hill, and south; type locality and name giver Coyote Butte and Tuckers Butte, on either side of the Grindstone and Twelvemile Creeks in Crook County, Oregon.

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
Chris Banks (footballer, born 1965)
Christopher Noel Banks (born 12 November 1965) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender and later worked as a physiotherapist.

Starting his career with Port Vale in 1982, he moved on to Exeter City in 1988. He was at Bath City from 1989 to 1994 before spending ten years with Cheltenham Town. He is considered a highly significant player in the histories of both Bath and Cheltenham, both of whom he captained for many years. He played 766 league games in a 20-year career between 1982 and 2002. He was promoted four times in his career and also won the FA Trophy in 1998. After retiring in 2002, he qualified as a physiotherapist and worked at Stoke City and Port Vale.

1989–90 Southern Football League
The 1989–90 Southern Football League season was the 87th in the history of the league, an English football competition.

Dover Athletic won the Premier Division but were not promoted due to ground grading issues and a place in the Football Conference was taken by runners-up Bath City. Four bottom clubs were relegated to the Southern and Midland divisions, while champions and runners-up of lower divisions get a places in the next Premier Division season. Banbury United, Hounslow, Sandwell Borough and Sheppey United left the league.
Ski jumping at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Men's normal hill individual
The men's normal hill individual competition of the Beijing 2022 Olympics was held on 5–6 February, at the Snow Ruyi hill in Zhangjiakou. The event was won by Ryōyū Kobayashi of Japan became the Olympic champion. Manuel Fettner of Austria won the silver medal, and Dawid Kubacki of Poland the bronze medal. For Kobayashi and Fettner this was the first ever Olympic medal, and for Kubacki the first individual Olympic medal.

Ski jumping at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Ski jumping at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held at the Snow Ruyi hill in Zhangjiakou, China. The events were held between 5 and 14 February 2022.

In July 2018, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) officially added the mixed team event to the Olympic program, increasing the total number of events to 5. A total of 105 quota spots (65 men and 40 women) were distributed to the sport, the same as the 2018 Winter Olympics. A total of five events were contested, three for men, one for women and one mixed.

On 7 February, Canada won the bronze medal in the mixed team competition, the first ever ski jumping medal for the country at the Winter Olympics.
Prelude to Foundation
Prelude to Foundation is a  novel  by American writer Isaac Asimov, published in 1988. It is one of two prequels to the Foundation series. For the first time, Asimov chronicles the fictional life of Hari Seldon, the man who invented psychohistory and the intellectual hero of the series. The novel was nominated for the Locus Award.
It has a sequel, Forward the Foundation.

Robot series
The Robot series is a series of 37 science fiction short stories and six novels created by American writer Isaac Asimov; the books were published between 1940 and 1995. The series is set in a world where sentient positronic robots serve a number of purposes in society. To ensure their loyalty, the Three Laws of Robotics are programmed into these robots, with the intent of preventing them from ever becoming a danger to humanity. Later, Asimov merged the Robot series with his Foundation series.
Ternary conditional operator
In computer programming, the ternary conditional operator is a ternary operator that evaluates to one of two values based on a Boolean expression. The operator is also known as conditional operator, ternary if, immediate if, or inline if (iif). Although many ternary operators are theoretically possible, the conditional operator is commonly used and other ternary operators rare, so the conditional variant is commonly referred to as the ternary operator.

Typical syntax for an expression using the operator is like if a then b else c or a ? b : c. One can read it aloud as "if a then b otherwise c". The form a ? b : c is the most common, but alternative syntax exists. For example, Raku uses the syntax a ?? b !! c to avoid confusion with the infix operators ? and !, whereas in Visual Basic, it takes the form If(a, b, c).

The construct first appeared in CPL, in which equivalent syntax for a ? b : c is a → b, c.

Boolean expression
In computer science, a Boolean expression (also known as logical expression)  is an expression used in programming languages that produces a Boolean value when evaluated. A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants True/False or Yes/No, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators, and Boolean-valued functions.

Boolean expressions correspond to propositional formulas in logic and are associated to Boolean circuits.
2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup final
The 2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Final was the last match of the 2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup which took place on September 28, 2013, at the Tahua To'ata Stadium, in the Tahitian capital, Papeete. The final was contested between Spain, who had never competed in the FIFA final before, and defending champions Russia. Team Russia won the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup for the second time.

Russia national beach soccer team
The Russia national beach soccer team (Russian: Сборная России по пляжному футболу, Sbornaya Rossii po plyazhnomu futbolu) represents Russia in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the Russian Football Union, the governing body for football in Russia. The team's highest achievements are three World Cup crowns conquered in 2011, 2013 and 2021.
Chemical milling
Chemical       milling or industrial etching is the subtractive manufacturing process of using baths of temperature-regulated etching chemicals to remove material to create an object with the desired shape.  Other names for chemical etching include photo etching, chemical etching, photo chemical etching and photochemical machining. It is mostly used on metals, though other materials are increasingly important.  It was developed from armor-decorating and printing etching processes developed during the Renaissance as alternatives to engraving on metal. The process essentially involves bathing the cutting areas in a corrosive chemical known as an etchant, which reacts with the material in the area to be cut and causes the solid material to be dissolved; inert substances known as maskants are used to protect specific areas of the material as resists.

Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. Hydrochloric acid is an important laboratory reagent and industrial chemical.
Kanō Tenman-gū
Kanō Tenman-gū (加納天満宮) is a Shinto shrine located in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. It was built as the shrine to protect Izumii Castle (predecessor to Kanō Castle). As a Tenman-gū, it is dedicated to Tenjin, the deified form of Sugawara no Michizane. Additionally, Matsudaira Mitsushige, who first created Gifu Umbrellas, is also canonized on the shrine grounds. The shrine's festival is held on the third Saturday and Sunday of October each year.

Tenjin (kami)
In the Shinto religion of Japan, Tenjin (天神), also called Tenman Daijizai Tenjin (天満大自在天神), is the patron kami (deity) of academics, scholarship, of learning, and of the intelligentsia.

Tenjin is the deification of Sugawara no Michizane (845–903), the famous scholar, poet and politician of the Heian period.

Ten  (天) means sky or heaven, and jin (神) means god or deity.
2018 Boston Uprising season
The 2018 Boston Uprising season was the first season of Boston Uprising's existence in the Overwatch League. In Stage 3, Boston became the first team to go undefeated in a stage, posting a perfect 10–0 record; however, the team lost in the Stage 3 semifinals to New York Excelsior. The team finished with a regular season record of 26–14 — the third best of all teams in the 2018 Overwatch League season. Boston lost to Philadelphia Fusion in the quarterfinals of the season playoffs.

Seoul Infernal
Seoul Infernal was a professional Overwatch esports team based in Seoul, South Korea. The Infernal competed in the Overwatch League (OWL) as a member of the league's East region from 2017 to 2023. Founded in 2017 as the Philadelphia Fusion, it is one of the league's twelve founding members and was the first professional esports team based in Pennsylvania. The team is owned by Comcast Spectacor, who also own the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League (NHL). It also manages Fusion University and T1, academy teams for the Infernal that compete in Overwatch Contenders.

Seoul has reached the season playoffs three times, including an appearance at the inaugural season Grand Finals, where they lost to the London Spitfire.
Hollis Watkins
Hollis Watkins (July 29, 1941 – September 20, 2023) was an American activist who was part of the Civil Rights Movement activities in the state of Mississippi during the 1960s. He became a member and organizer with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in 1961, was a county organizer for 1964's "Freedom Summer", and assisted the efforts of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party to unseat the regular Mississippi delegation from their chairs at the 1964 Democratic Party national convention in Atlantic City. He founded Southern Echo, a group that gives support to other grass-roots organizations in Mississippi. He also was a founder of the Mississippi Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement.

Victoria Gray Adams
Victoria Jackson Gray Adams (November 5, 1926 – August 12, 2006) was an American civil rights activist from Hattiesburg, Mississippi. She was one of the founding members of the influential Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.
2019 Ando Securities Open
The 2019 Ando Securities Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was sponsored by Ando Securities. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Tokyo, Japan between 11 and 17 November 2019.

2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour
The 2019 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's World Tennis Tour is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour is the product of reforms designed to support talented junior players in their progression to the senior game, and target the prize money effectively at professional tournaments to enable more players to make a living.
Enayat al-Zayyat
Enayat al-Zayyat (Arabic: عنايات الزيات; 23 March 1936 – 5 January 1963) was an Egyptian writer born in Cairo. She was considered one of Egypt's most prominent women writers who committed suicide. She wrote a single novel that impressed many Egyptian critics and writers, Love and Silence (original: al-Ḥubb wa-al-ṣamt) (1967), which was presented by writer Mustafa Mahmoud.

Mustafa Mahmoud
Mustafa Kamal Mahmoud Hussein (Arabic: مصطفى كمال محمود حسين; 27 December 1921 – 31 October 2009) was an Egyptian doctor, philosopher, and author. Mustafa was born in Shibin el-Kom, Monufia province. He was trained as a doctor, but later chose a career as a journalist and author, traveling and writing on many subjects. He wrote 89 books on science, philosophy, religion, politics, and society as well as plays, tales, and travelogues.

He was known for his popular program Science and Faith. Mustafa founded a mosque, a medical clinic, and a charitable organization which were all named after him.
Frequency modulation synthesis
Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of sound synthesis whereby the frequency of a waveform is changed by modulating its frequency with a modulator. The (instantaneous) frequency of an oscillator is altered in accordance with the amplitude of a modulating signal.

FM synthesis can create both harmonic and inharmonic sounds. To synthesize harmonic sounds, the modulating signal must have a harmonic relationship to the original carrier signal. As the amount of frequency modulation increases, the sound grows progressively complex. Through the use of modulators with frequencies that are non-integer multiples of the carrier signal (i.e. inharmonic), inharmonic bell-like and percussive spectra can be created.

FM synthesis using analog oscillators may result in pitch instability. However, FM synthesis can also be implemented digitally, which is more stable and became standard practice.

Sample-based synthesis
Sample-based synthesis is a form of audio synthesis that can be contrasted to either subtractive synthesis or additive synthesis.  The principal difference with sample-based synthesis is that the seed waveforms are sampled sounds or instruments instead of fundamental waveforms such as sine and saw waves used in other types of synthesis.
Saheb al-Amiri
Saheb al-Amiri (died 27 December 2006) was an Iraqi militant and insurgent, a high-ranking member of the Shia Islamist Mahdi Army and senior aide to Muqtada al-Sadr. He was killed in a U.S. raid in late 2006. Al-Amiri's death prompted al-Sadr to prolong his then boycott of the government by Sadrist members of parliament and ministers, which Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki hoped he would end soon thereafter.

The US Army confirmed that Iraqi forces, co-operating with American advisors, took part in the action against al-Amiri, who "was involved in a bomb attack targeting a police chief in October."

Muqtada al-Sadr
Muqtada al-Sadr (born 4 August 1974) is an Iraqi cleric, politician and former militia leader. A leading Shia Muslim, he inherited the leadership of the Sadrist Movement from his father, and founded the now-dissolved Mahdi Army militia in 2003 that resisted the American occupation of Iraq.

He also founded the Promised Day Brigade insurgent group after the dissolution of the Mahdi Army; both were backed by Iran. In 2014, he founded the Peace Companies militia and serves as its current head. In 2018, he joined his Sadrist political party to the Saairun alliance, which won the highest number of seats in the 2018 and 2021 Iraqi parliamentary elections.
2015 Kremlin Cup
The 2015 Kremlin  Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 26th edition of the Kremlin Cup for the men and the 20th edition for the women. The tournament was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2015 ATP World Tour, and of the Premier Series of the 2015 WTA Tour. It was held at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia, from 19 October through 25 October 2015.

Kremlin Cup
The Kremlin Cup (Russian: Кубок Кремля, romanized: Kubok Kremlya) is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts, which has been suspended indefinitely since 2022. It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour and was a Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour. It was held annually at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia from 1990 to 2018. In 2019, the Olympic Stadium underwent a reconstruction lasting two years. The 2019 edition of the tournament was held at the Ice Palace Krylatskoye. In 2021, the Kremlin Cup was played at the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace and the Luzhniki Palace of Sports.

Until 2007, it was held on a carpet surface. It was then held on RuKortHard surface until 2015. Since 2016 the tournament has been held on TPSurface.

In light of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) suspended the tournament indefinitely.
Grana del Monferrato
The Grana del Monferrato (to distinguish it from the Grana of the Province of Cuneo) is a small Italian river, classified as a torrente, a right tributary of the Po, which runs almost entirely in the Province of Alessandria among the hills of the Basso Monferrato which lie between the Po to the north and the Tanaro to the south. Notwithstanding its modest flow, it is the most significant Po tributary of the Basso Monferrato in terms of its length, the extent of its drainage basin and its discharge.

The river's course takes it through the comuni (municipalities) of Grana in the Province of Asti and Lu e Cuccaro Monferrato, Giarole, Pomaro Monferrato and Valenza in the Province of Alessandria. Its principal tributaries include the Auda and the Coda del Lupo.

Montferrat
Montferrat (UK: /ˌmɒntfəˈræt/ US: /-ˈrɑːt/; Italian: Monferrato [moɱferˈraːto]; Piedmontese: Monfrà, locally [mʊŋˈfrɒ]; Latin: Mons Ferratus) is a historical region of Piedmont, in northern Italy. It comprises roughly (and its extent has varied over time) the modern provinces of Alessandria and Asti. Montferrat is one of the most important wine districts of Italy. It also has a strong literary tradition, including the 18th-century Asti-born poet and dramatist Vittorio Alfieri and the Alessandrian Umberto Eco.

The territory is cut in two by the river Tanaro. The northern part (the Basso Monferrato, "Low Montferrat"), which lies between that river and the Po, is an area of rolling hills and plains. The southern part (the Alto Monferrato, "High Montferrat") rises from the banks of the Tanaro into the mountains of the Apennines and the water divide between Piedmont and Liguria.

On 22 June 2014, Montferrat was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
1996 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1996 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 109th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

O'Tooles entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 20 July 1996 at Parnell Park in Donnycarney, between O'Tooles and Kilmacud Crokes, in what was their third meeting in the final overall. O'Tooles won the match by 2–12 to 2–10 to claim their sixth championship title overall and a second consecutive title.

1995 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1995 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 108th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Cuala entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 1 October 1995 at Lawless Park in Swords, between O'Tooles and St Vincent's, in what was their fourth meeting in the final overall. O'Tooles won the match by 2–08 to 0–10 to claim their fifth championship title overall and a first title in five years.