hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
London Bridge – Greenwich Railway Viaduct
The London Bridge – Greenwich Railway Viaduct consists of a series of nineteen brick railway viaducts linked by road bridges between London Bridge railway station and Deptford Creek, which together make a single structure 3.45 miles (5.55 km) in length. The structure carries the former London and Greenwich Railway line and consists of 851 semi-circular arches and 27 skew arches or road bridges. It is the longest run of arches in Britain, It is also one of the oldest railway viaducts in the world, and the earliest example of an entirely elevated railway line. It was built between 1834 and 1836. The original viaduct had been widened for 1.95 miles (3.14 km) of its length between Corbett's Lane and London Bridge on the south side to accommodate the trains of the London and Croydon Railway and London and Brighton Railway, in 1842 and also for 2.65 miles (4.26 km) on the north side to accommodate the South Eastern Railway main line in 1850. It is a Grade II listed structure.

Spa Road railway station
Spa Road railway station in Bermondsey, south-east London, was the original terminus of the capital's first railway, the London and Greenwich Railway (L&GR). It was located on and takes its name from Spa Road.

It was also the first terminus in what is now Greater London. Opened in 1836, the station underwent several ownership changes, was rebuilt, changed its name, and relocated before closing in 1915 due to cost-saving measures during World War I. The disused building is now part of a light industrial estate. Some elements of the original station remain visible.
2004 Mercedes-Benz Cup
The 2004 Mercedes-Benz Cup was the 2004 edition of the Los Angeles Open men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts at the Los Angeles Tennis Center. The tournament was held from July 12, 2004 through July 18, 2004 and total prize money awarded was $380,000. The event was part of the International Series of the 2004 ATP Tour and of the 2004 US Open Series. Unseeded Tommy Haas won the singles title and the accompanying $52,000 first-prize money.

2004 ATP Tour
The 2004 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2004 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organised by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.
Gößnitz
Gößnitz (German pronunciation: [ˈɡœsnɪts] ⓘ) is a town in the Altenburger Land district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated on the river Pleiße, 12 km south of Altenburg, and 20 km northwest of Zwickau.
Gößnitz received its town charter in 1718.
It is known for the railroad junction of the Leipzig-Hof railway connection and the Central-Germany connection (Dresden - Chemnitz - Gößnitz - Gera - Erfurt) and its station prides itself having Europe's longest platform, as well as the Gößnitz Open-Air. The town's greatest prosperity was at the time of industrialization; Hence Viktor Grimm's representative malt factory from 1889 still characterizes the cityscape.

Altenburger Land
Altenburger Land is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Greiz, the Burgenlandkreis (Saxony-Anhalt), and the districts Leipzig, Mittelsachsen and Zwickau in Saxony. The district is a member of the Central German Metropolitan Region.
Apshawa Preserve
The Apshawa Preserve is a 576 acres (233 ha) nature preserve in the highlands of northern New Jersey, United States. Located off Northwood Drive in West Milford, the preserve is managed by the New Jersey Conservation Foundation and by Passaic County. The preserve is mostly wooded with oak and maple.

The Apshawa is a brook, a tributary of the Pequannock River; it flows through the preserve and is dammed to form the 40 acres (16 ha) Butler Reservoir within the preserve. The reservoir once served to provide water to Butler. Apshawa Preserve includes a network of hiking trails and a 43-acre reservoir.

Since 2010 part of the preserve is protected by a gated deer fence to protect native plants that otherwise would be decimated by a high density deer population.

In September 2014, 22-year-old student Darsh Patel was mauled by a 300-pound (140 kg) black bear in the preserve and died. He was the first known person in New Jersey history to be killed by a black bear.

West Milford, New Jersey
West Milford is a township in Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 24,862, a decrease of 988 (−3.8%) from the 2010 census count of 25,850, which in turn reflected a decline of 560 (−2.1%) from the 26,410 counted in the 2000 census. It is the largest in the county by total area, covering 80.32 square miles (208.0 km2) and more than 40% of the county.

West Milford was home to a Warner Bros.-owned theme park from 1972 to 1976 entitled Warner Bros. Jungle Habitat.  The 800-acre (320 ha) Jungle Habitat property, with 26 miles (42 km) of paved roads, was purchased by the state in 1988 for $1.45 million and remnants of the theme park remain until today.
Castillo de la Real Fuerza
The Castillo de la Real Fuerza (Castle of the Royal Force) is a bastion fort on the western side of the harbour in Havana, Cuba, set back from the entrance, and bordering the Plaza de Armas. Originally built to defend against attack by pirates, it suffered from a poor location; it was too far inside the bay. The fort is considered to be the oldest stone fort in the Americas, and was listed in 1982 as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of "Old Havana and its Fortifications".

Bastion fort
A bastion fort or trace italienne (a phrase derived from non-standard French, meaning 'Italian outline') is a fortification in a style developed during the early modern period in response to the ascendancy of gunpowder weapons such as cannon, which rendered earlier medieval approaches to fortification obsolete. It appeared in the mid-fifteenth century in Italy. Some types, especially when combined with ravelins and other outworks, resembled the related star fort of the same era.

The design of the fort is normally a polygon with bastions at the corners of the walls. These outcroppings eliminated protected blind spots, called "dead zones", and allowed fire along the curtain wall from positions protected from direct fire. Many bastion forts also feature cavaliers, which are raised secondary structures based entirely inside the primary structure.
1970 Open Championship
The 1970 Open Championship was the 99th Open Championship, played 8–12 July at the Old Course in St Andrews, Scotland. Jack Nicklaus won the second of his three Opens in an 18-hole Sunday playoff over Doug Sanders, 72 to 73. In gusty winds during the fourth round on Saturday, Sanders saved par from the Road Hole bunker and led by one heading to the 72nd hole. After a lengthy drive on the short par-4, he took four shots from just 74 yards (68 m) and missed a downhill putt for par from three feet to win.

This was the first playoff at The Open since 1963 and the first at 18 holes. The previous playoffs were 36 holes on Saturday. Prior to 1966, the final two rounds of The Open were played on Friday. The playoff format was changed again to the four-hole aggregate after the 1985 Open, first used in 1989.

A thunderstorm late in the opening round on Wednesday evening caused a suspension in play; it was competed early the next day.

Old Course at St Andrews
The Old Course at St Andrews, also known as the Old Lady or the Grand Old Lady, is considered the oldest golf course in the world. It is a public course over common land in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, and is held in trust by the St Andrews Links Trust under an act of Parliament. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews clubhouse sits adjacent to the first tee, although it is but one of many clubs (St Andrews Golf Club, the New Golf Club, St Regulus Ladies Golf Club and the St Rule Club are the others with clubhouses) that have playing privileges on the course, along with some other non-clubhouse owning golf clubs and the general public. Originally known as the "golfing grounds" of St Andrews, it was not until the New Course was opened in 1895 that it became known as the Old Course.
Exodus (Stargate SG-1)
"Exodus" is the season 4 finale episode of the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 and part one of a three-part story arc. This episode was nominated for an Emmy in the category "Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series".

Stargate SG-1 season 4
The fourth season of Stargate SG-1, an American-Canadian television series, began airing on June 30, 2000 on Showtime. The fourth season concluded after 22 episodes on February 14, 2001 on British Sky One, which overtook Showtime in mid-season. The series was developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner. Season four regular cast members include Richard Dean Anderson, Michael Shanks, Amanda Tapping, with Christopher Judge, and Don S. Davis.
Treherbert RFC
Treherbert Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team based in Tynewydd in the Rhondda Valley. Treherbert RFC play home games in red shirts with black shorts and black socks. Today, Treherbert RFC plays in the Welsh Rugby Union Division Four South East league and are a feeder club for Cardiff Blues.

Tynewydd, Rhondda Cynon Taf
Tynewydd is a village located in the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, south Wales. With Treherbert, Blaencwm, Blaenrhondda and Pen-yr-englyn it is part of a community of Treherbert. The village lies in the former industrial coal mining area at the head of Rhondda Fawr, the larger of the Rhondda Valleys.
Reikorangi
Reikorangi is a rural locality on the Kāpiti Coast in New Zealand's North Island.  It is inland, behind Waikanae in the Akatarawa Valley of the Tararua Ranges. The Ngatiawa River and Reikorangi Stream both meet the Waikanae River in Reikorangi. Reikorangi contains a church and a monastery, and contained a post office from 1895 to 1962 and a school, which opened in 1895 and closed in 1970 due to the declining population of the small locality.

A historic Howe truss bridge collapsed in 2017.

Attractions include the Reikorangi Pottery Park and Cafe. The national Te Araroa Trail also passes through.

Tararua Range
The Tararua Range, often referred to as the Tararua Ranges or Tararua, is one of several mountain ranges in the North Island of New Zealand.

The Tararua Range runs northeast–southwest for 80 km (50 mi) from near Palmerston North to the upper reaches of the Hutt Valley, where the northern tip of the Remutaka Range begins. It is separated in the north from the southern end of the Ruahine Range by the Manawatū Gorge. Most of the Range is wilderness, protected as the Tararua Forest Park.

The highest peak in the Tararua Range is Pukeamoamo / Mitre (not to be confused with Mitre Peak) at 1,570 m (5,150 ft). Other prominent peaks include Mount Bannister at 1,537 m (5,043 ft) and Mount Hector at 1,529 m (5,016 ft), which is named after the scientist Sir James Hector. Its Māori name is Pukemoumou, or 'hill of desolation'.
2000 Mar del Plata Sevens
The 2000 Mar del Plata Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament that took place at the Estadio José María Minella in Mar del Plata between the 12–13 January 2000. It was the fourth edition of the Mar del Plata Sevens and was also the fourth round of the held in Argentina as the fourth round of the 1999–2000 World Sevens Series.

During the tournament, the first draw in the series history occurred when Samoa and Australia played out an 14-all draw in Pool D. In the cup final, Fiji took out their second cup final of the season defeating New Zealand 26-14. The hosts (Argentina) took out the plate while Spain won the bowl.

Mar del Plata Sevens
The Mar del Plata Super Sevens (Spanish: Super Seven de Mar del Plata) is an international rugby sevens competition played in Mar del Plata, Argentina since 1995. The tournament was one of the events in the World Rugby Sevens Series in 2000 and 2002.

As of 2026, the tournament is contested by 8 teams (4 national teams and 4 regional teams from Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay), and 17 editions have been held.

Argentina is the most winning team of the competition with 4 titles.
Index of firefighting articles
Firefighting is the act of extinguishing destructive fires. A firefighter fights these fires with the intent to prevent destruction of life, property and the environment. Firefighting is a highly technical profession, which requires years of training and education in order to become proficient. A fire can rapidly spread and endanger many lives; however, with modern firefighting techniques, catastrophe can usually be avoided. To help prevent fires from starting, a firefighter's duties include public education and conducting fire inspections. Because firefighters are often the first responders to victims in critical conditions, firefighters often also provide basic life support as emergency medical technicians or advanced life support as licensed paramedics. Firefighters make up one of the major emergency services, along with the emergency medical service, the police, and many others.

Wildland fire engine
A wildland fire engine or brush truck is a fire engine specifically designed to assist in fighting wildfires by transporting firefighters to the scene and providing them with access to the fire, along with water or other equipment. There are multiple types of wildfire apparatus which are used in different scenarios. According to the U.S. National Fire Protection Association, if the apparatus will be used primarily for outdoor and wildland responses, then it is to be considered a wildland fire apparatus and must conform to NFPA 1906.

Depending on where the engine is stationed, it may carry as much as twice the national standard in fire hose. In areas where there is rugged terrain that keeps engines from driving directly to the fire, large hose lays are installed to transport water to the fire area. In areas with moderate terrain less hose is used as it is easier to access the fire.
Vietnamese Women's National Cup
The Vietnamese Women's National Cup, officially Women's National Cup (Vietnamese: Giải Bóng đá nữ Cúp Quốc Gia) is the annual top cup competition for women's football clubs in Vietnam – designed as an equivalent to the Vietnamese National Football Cup.

The current title holders are Hồ Chí Minh City I, having won their record fourth title in 2025 edition after beating Thái Nguyên T&T in the final at Hanoi.

Vietnamese National Football Cup
Vietnamese National Football Cup (Vietnamese: Giải Bóng đá Cúp Quốc Gia Việt Nam), officially stylized as the National Cup (Vietnamese: Cúp Quốc gia), is a Vietnamese football competition. It is one of the most important club competitions in Vietnam.

The Vietnamese Cup was first held in 1992. Cảng Sài Gòn was the first cup winner.
Pyramid schemes in Albania
The 1997 rebellion in Albania was in large part triggered by the failure of multiple pyramid schemes. These schemes, which grew to an unprecedented scale relative to the country's economy, led to many Albanians losing their money and property, culminating in widespread protests across Albania that eventually escalated into a nation-wide rebellion. At their peak, it was estimated that one in six Albanians had invested in such schemes.

Pyramid scheme
A pyramid scheme is a business model which, rather than earning money (or providing returns on investments) by sale of legitimate products to an end consumer, mainly earns money by recruiting new members with the promise of payments (or services). As the number of members multiplies, recruiting quickly becomes increasingly difficult until it is impossible, and therefore most of the newer recruits do not make a profit. As such, pyramid schemes are unsustainable. The unsustainable nature of pyramid schemes has led to most countries outlawing them as a form of fraud.

Pyramid schemes have existed since at least the mid-to-late 19th century in different guises. Some multi-level marketing plans have been classified as pyramid schemes.
Foreign relations of South Africa during apartheid
Foreign relations of South Africa during apartheid refers to the foreign relations of South Africa between 1948 and 1994. South Africa introduced apartheid in 1948, as a systematic extension of pre-existing racial discrimination laws. Initially the regime implemented an offensive foreign policy trying to consolidate South African hegemony over Southern Africa. These attempts had clearly failed by the late 1970s. As a result of its racism, occupation of Namibia and foreign interventionism in Angola, the country became increasingly isolated internationally.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 181
United Nations Security Council Resolution 181, adopted on August 7, 1963, was concerned with an arms build-up by the Republic of South Africa and fears that those arms might be used to further the racial conflict in that country.  The Council called upon the government of South Africa to abandon its policy of apartheid, as first requested to by Resolution 134 (1960), and called upon all states to voluntarily cease the sale and shipment of all arms, ammunition and other military equipment to South Africa.

The resolution was adopted by nine votes to none; France and the United Kingdom abstained. However, the resolution had little immediate effect on the conduct of the regime in South Africa.
Anthology 2
Anthology 2 is a compilation album by the Beatles, released on 18 March 1996 by Apple Records as part of The Beatles Anthology series. It features rarities, outtakes and live performances from the 1965 sessions for Help! until the sessions immediately prior to their trip to India in February 1968. It is the second in a quartet of albums with Anthology 1, Anthology 3, and Anthology 4 and all of which tie in with the televised special The Beatles Anthology. The opening track is "Real Love", the second of the two recordings that reunited the Beatles for the first time since the band's break-up. Like its predecessor, the album topped the Billboard 200 album chart and has been certified 4× Platinum by the RIAA.

The Anthology albums were remastered and made available digitally on the iTunes Store on 14 June 2011, individually and as part of the Anthology Collection box set.

The Beatles Anthology (TV series)
The Beatles Anthology is a documentary television series on the career of the Beatles. It was broadcast on UK television in six parts on ITV between 26 November and 31 December 1995, while in the United States it was seen as three feature-length episodes on ABC between 19 and 23 November 1995. It was released in greatly expanded form as an eight-volume VHS set and an eight-disc LaserDisc set on 5 September 1996. The series was re-released on DVD in 2003, with an 81-minute special-features disc. A re-edited version of the series was released on Disney+ starting on 26 November 2025, with an additional episode.
Holy Cross Church (San Jose, California)
Holy Cross Church is a Catholic church in the Northside neighborhood of San Jose, California, United States, that serves the Holy Cross Parish of the Diocese of San Jose. The parish is staffed by the Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians). Holy Cross does not have a parochial school, though it hosts Confraternity of Christian Doctrine (CCD) programs for students of public schools.

The parish serves a multiethnic congregation and is considered a mainstay of the local Italian-American community. Masses are said in English, Spanish, and Italian.

Diocese of San José in California
The Diocese of San José in California (Latin: Diœcesis Sancti Josephi in California) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in Santa Clara County in California in the United States. The mother church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph in San Jose.
Upper Paunglaung Dam
The Upper Paunglaung Dam is a gravity dam on the Paunglaung River, about 40 km (25 mi) east of Pyinmana on the border of Naypyidaw Union Territory and Shan State, Myanmar (Burma). The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation, provided by the140 megawatts (190,000 hp) power station it supports. Preliminary construction on the dam site began in January 2005 and roller-compacted concrete placement for the dam commenced in October 2010. The dam was completed and impounded its reservoir in december 2015. It is expected to regulate the river and improve power generation at the downstream Lower Paunglaung Dam.

The dam forced the relocation of some 15,000 residents which has drawn backlash from locals to international organizations. Many have already relocated but complain that their new land is of an insufficient size, has no power supply or natural resources to work.

AF-Consult Switzerland Ltd was the Owner's Designer for all project phases, including commissioning.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
Kevin Thomson
Kevin Thomson (born 14 October 1984) is a Scottish professional football coach and former player.

Thomson played as a midfielder for Hibernian (three spells), Rangers, Middlesbrough and Dundee and represented Scotland.

Thomson began his career with Hibernian, before joining Rangers in 2007 for a £2m transfer fee. Thomson won five major trophies with Rangers, including consecutive Scottish Premier League championships in 2009 and 2010. Thomson was also part of the Rangers side which reached the 2008 UEFA Cup Final. Middlesbrough signed Thomson for a fee of £2m in July 2010, but released him in January 2013 after an injury-hit spell. Thomson then rejoined Hibernian in March 2013, but was released in May 2014 after the club was relegated. He then signed for Dundee, before joining Hibernian for a third time.

Thomson retired from playing in 2016. After a stint coaching Rangers youth teams, he managed Kelty Hearts for one season.

2021–22 Scottish League Two
The 2021–22 Scottish League Two (known as cinch League Two for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth season of Scottish League Two, the fourth tier of Scottish football. The season began on 31 July.

Ten teams contested the league: Albion Rovers, Annan Athletic, Cowdenbeath, Edinburgh City, Elgin City, Forfar Athletic, Kelty Hearts, Stenhousemuir, Stirling Albion and Stranraer.
Mazari an-Nubani
Mazari an-Nubani (Arabic: مزارع النوباني) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, located 25 kilometers North of Ramallah in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,436 inhabitants in 2017.

Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate
31°55′59″N 35°12′18″E﻿ / ﻿31.933°N 35.205°E﻿ / 31.933; 35.205

The Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate (Arabic: محافظة رام الله والبيرة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Rām Allāh wa l Bīra) is one of 16  governorates of Palestine. It covers a large part of the central West Bank, on the northern border of the Jerusalem Governorate. Its district capital or muhfaza (seat) is the city of al-Bireh.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the district had a population of 279,730 in 2007. Laila Ghannam serves as governor, the first woman in this role.