hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bobovo pri Šmarju
Bobovo pri Šmarju (pronounced [bɔˈbɔːʋɔ pɾi ˈʃmaːɾju] or [bɔˈboːʋɔ pɾi ˈʃmaːɾju]) is a settlement in the hills northeast of Šmarje pri Jelšah in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Šmarje pri Jelšah
Šmarje pri Jelšah (pronounced [ˈʃmaːɾjɛ pɾi ˈjeːlʃax]; German: Sankt Marein bei Erlachstein) is a town in eastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The development of the settlement is associated with a medieval mansion known as Jelšingrad on a slight hill northwest of the town.

The local parish church is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary (Slovene: Sveta Marija Vnebovzeta) and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It dates to the late 13th century with 18th- and 19th-century additions.

The best-known landmark near the town is Saint Roch's Church in the settlement of Predenca south of the town and the series of chapels representing Calvary and the Stations of the Cross on the path leading up to the church from the town.
Charles T. Beardsley Jr.
Charles T. Beardsley Jr. (1861–1937) was an American architect practicing in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Beardsley was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1861. At the age of 15 he went to New Haven, where he took a position in the office of Henry Austin. After nearly a decade had gone by, Beardsley relocated to Bridgeport in 1885, where he established his own office. He initially became noted as a designer of private residences, though in the 1890s he added the design of schools to his repertoire.

During the first 15 years or so of his professional career, Beardsley preferred the Queen Anne, Richardsonian Romanesque, and Shingle Styles. In later years, he adapted to the Colonial and Tudor revivals.

At least one of Beardsley's works is listed independently on the National Register of Historic Places, and many others are contributing resources to listed historic districts.

Division Street Historic District (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
The Division Street Historic District encompasses one of the best-preserved 19th-century residential areas of Bridgeport, Connecticut.  Now separated from downtown Bridgeport by the Connecticut Route 25 highway, the area includes a cross-section of 19th-century architectural styles, as well as a diversity of sophistication, from working-class accommodations to high-style Victorian mansions.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Dan Lemmon
Dan Lemmon is a New Zealand visual effects supervisor. In 2012, he was nominated for an Academy Award for the movie Rise of the Planet of the Apes. This was in the category of Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, his nomination was shared with Daniel Barrett, Joe Letteri and R. Christopher White.

His second nomination was at the 87th Academy Awards for the film Dawn of the Planet of the Apes. His nomination was shared with Letteri, Barrett, and Erik Winquist. He received his third nomination (and first win) at the 89th Academy Awards for The Jungle Book, together with Robert Legato, Adam Valdez, and Andrew R. Jones. His fourth nomination was at the 90th Academy Awards for the film War for the Planet of the Apes, together with Letteri, Barrett, and Joel Whist. His fifth nomination was at the 95th Academy Awards for the superhero film, The Batman, with Russell Earl, Anders Langlands and Dominic Tuohy.

Joel Whist
Joel Whist is a mechanical effects supervisor. Known for his films, War for the Planet of the Apes, The BFG, Godzilla and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, he was nominated for Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for War for the Planet of the Apes.
Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act
The Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act is a 1970 federal law in the United States designed to limit the practice of tobacco smoking. As approved by the United States Congress and signed into law by President Richard Nixon, the act required a stronger health warning on packages, saying "Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined that Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health". It also banned cigarette advertisements on American radio and television.

Nicotine marketing
Nicotine marketing is the marketing of nicotine-containing products or use. Traditionally, the tobacco industry markets cigarette smoking, but it is increasingly marketing other products, such as electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products. Products are marketed through social media, stealth marketing, mass media, and sponsorship (particularly of sporting events). Expenditures on nicotine marketing are in the tens of billions a year; in the US alone, spending was over US$1 million per hour in 2016; in 2003, per-capita marketing spending was $290 per adult smoker, or $45 per inhabitant. Nicotine marketing is increasingly regulated; some forms of nicotine advertising are banned in many countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a complete tobacco advertising ban.
Maruoka Castle
Maruoka Castle (丸岡城, Maruoka-jō) is a hirayama-style Japanese castle located in the Maruoka neighbourhood of the city of Sakai, Fukui Prefecture, in the Hokuriku region of Japan. It also called Kasumi-ga-jō (霞ヶ城, Mist Castle) due to the legend that whenever an enemy approaches the castle, a thick mist appears and hides it.  Built at the end of the Sengoku period, the castle was occupied by a succession of daimyō of Maruoka Domain under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. The site is now a public park noted for its sakura.  The castle's relatively small tenshu (castle keep) claims to be the oldest in the country, a claim which is challenged by both Inuyama Castle and Matsumoto Castle.

Maruoka, Fukui
Maruoka (丸岡町, Maruoka-chō) was a town located in Sakai District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 32,575 and a density of 303.42 persons per km2. The total area was 107.36 km2.

On March 20, 2006, Maruoka, along with the towns of Sakai (former), Harue and Mikuni (all from Sakai District), were merged to create the city of Sakai.
Toronto Paramedic Services
The City of Toronto Paramedic Services (TPS; formerly known as Toronto Emergency Medical Services) is the statutory emergency medical services provider in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The service is operated as a division of the City of Toronto, under the Community & Social Services cluster. The service is funded by the municipal tax base, and operates similarly to other municipal divisions, such as the Toronto Parks, Forestry & Recreation division, or the Toronto Water division, but retains operational independence from other divisions. While under municipal government control, it is subject to provincial legislation and licensing. It is not the only service provider in its area; private-for-profit medical transport services also provide routine, non-emergency transports and coverage for special events, but the statutory emergency medical system is the only provider permitted to service emergency calls.

Toronto Water
Toronto Water is the municipal division of the City of Toronto under Infrastructure and Development Services responsible for the water supply network, and stormwater and wastewater management in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as well as parts of Peel and York Regions.
2010 Baton Rouge Pro Tennis Classic
The 2010 Baton Rouge Pro Tennis Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on Hard courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Baton Rouge, United States between 12 and 18 April 2010.

2010 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2010 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 13 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Deir Ful
Deir Ful (Arabic: دير فول, also spelled Derful or Deir Foul) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located northeast of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Rastan to the west, al-Zaafaraniyah to the southwest, al-Mishirfeh and Ayn al-Niser to the south, Danibah and Khunayfis to the east, Izz al-Din to the northeast and Ghor al-Assi to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Deir Ful had a population of 1,614 in the 2004 census.

Ayn al-Niser
Ayn al-Niser (Arabic: عين النسر, also spelled Ain al-Nisr or Ayni-Nasir) is a town in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located northeast of Homs. Nearby localities include al-Mishirfeh to the west, Ayn al-Dananir to the northwest, Izz al-Din to the north, al-Mukharram al-Fawqani to the east and Umm al-Amad to the southeast.

According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ayn al-Niser had a population of 604 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center and 11th largest locality of the Ayn al-Niser nahiyah ("subdistrict") which consists of 16 localities with a collective population of 30,267. The inhabitants of the village are ethnic Circassians from the Shapsugh, Kabardian and Bzhedug tribes.
Schatz Ridge
Schatz Ridge (78°29′00″S 86°03′00″W﻿ / ﻿78.48333°S 86.05000°W﻿ / -78.48333; -86.05000) is a ridge, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) long, located 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) northwest of Knutzen Peak on the Taylor Ledge, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. An outlier, the ridge has the appearance of a nunatak with two peaks, the higher eastern one rising 200 metres (660 ft) above the ice surface. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2006 after Gerald S. Schatz, a research analyst and editor of the National Academy of Sciences News Report, who authored a number of papers on Antarctic environment, conservation and legal issues in the 1970s and 1980s. He provided environmental policy advice to the US Antarctic Program while on a temporary appointment to ITT Antarctic Services Inc.

Taylor Ledge
Taylor Ledge is a notable flat-topped ridge displaying abrupt cliffs north and south, situated between Boyce Ridge and Mount Shinn on the west slope of Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica. The upper surface of the feature is ice covered and relatively level except for 3373-meter Knutzen Peak on the north edge.

The ridge was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 2006 after Thomas N. and Edith L. Taylor, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, husband and wife U.S. Antarctic Project (USAP) researchers of plant fossils in the central Transantarctic Mountains, 1980s–2004.
Rzędków, Skierniewice County
Rzędków [ˈʐɛntkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Nowy Kawęczyn, 9 km (6 mi) south of Skierniewice, and 49 km (30 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Nowy Kawęczyn
Nowy Kawęczyn [ˈnɔvɨ kaˈvɛnt͡ʂɨn] is a village in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Skierniewice and 55 km (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

In 2004 the village had a population of 110.
Trichostetha capensis
Trichostetha capensis, also known as the brunia beetle and the Cape Protea chafer, is an afrotropical species of flower scarab beetle endemic to South Africa, where it occurs in the Cape Floristic Region.

Flower chafer
Flower chafers are a group of scarab beetles comprising the subfamily Cetoniinae. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar or to browse on the petals. Some species also feed on fruit. The group is also called fruit and flower chafers, flower beetles, and flower scarabs. Around 4,000 species are known, but many of them are still undescribed.

Ten tribes currently are recognized: Cetoniini, Cremastocheilini, Diplognathini, Goliathini, Gymnetini, Phaedimini, Schizorhinini, Stenotarsiini, Taenioderini, and Xiphoscelidini. The former tribes Trichiini and Valgini were elevated in rank to subfamily. The tribe Gymnetini has the most species of the American tribes, and Goliathini contains the largest species and is mainly found in the rainforest regions of Africa.
Staffan Larsson
Staffan Larsson, (born 10 February 1970), is a Swedish former cross-country skier.

Larsson competed at an elite level from 1992 to 2005. He took part in the Vasaloppet on numerous occasions, and finished second in 1998 after a late finish from Peter Göransson. Larsson took revenge a year later (1999) when he won the Vasaloppet.

Peter Göransson
Peter Göransson (born 20 May 1969) is a former Swedish cross-country skier who competed from 1993 to 2003. His best World Cup finish was 12th in a sprint event in Sweden in 1997. He won Vasaloppet in 1998 with a time of 3 hours, 38 minutes and 57 seconds, beating the old Vasaloppet record by ten minutes. This record lasted for 14 years until Jörgen Brink in 2012 finished Vasaloppet 16 seconds faster (3 hours, 38 minutes and 41 seconds).
Inland Sport
The Inland Sport series of parasol wing, sport and training side-by-side two seaters, introduced between 1928 and 1930, differed chiefly in their engines. They used three different radial engines, more than doubling the Sport's power over two years of development. 34 examples were built and frequently re-engined.

LeBlond radial engines
The LeBlond radial engines, later produced under the name Ken-Royce, were a family of 3-cylinder, 5-cylinder and 7-cylinder, air-cooled radial engines for aircraft, built in the 1930s by the LeBlond Aircraft Engine Corporation until the operation was sold to Rearwin Airplanes in 1937 and renamed Ken-Royce Engines.
Valerie Jarrett
Valerie June Jarrett (née Bowman; born November 14, 1956) is an American businesswoman and former government official who has been the chief executive officer of the Obama Foundation since 2021. She was the longest-serving senior advisor to U.S. President Barack Obama. She was assistant to the president for Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs, overseeing the office of the same name, and chaired the White House Council on Women and Girls. Before that, she was the chief executive officer of The Habitat Company and a co-chair of the Obama–Biden Transition Project.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Yunnan Copper
Yunnan Copper Company Limited (SZSE: 000878, formerly Yunnan Smelting Plant) is the third largest copper producer in China. It was established in 1958 in Kunming, Yunnan.

Its products include copper cathode, sulfuric acid, copper rod, bare copper wire, gold, silver, platinum, palladium, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, copper sulfate and nickel sulfate.

In November 2007, Aluminum Corporation of China Limited acquired 49% of total shares of Yunnan Copper Group, Yunnan Copper Company's parent company.

As of 2017, Yunnan Copper Die Casting, a joint venture between the company and Nanyang Explosion Protection Group Co., is a known electric motor manufacturer. They specialized in remanufacturing of electric motors by replacing aluminum rotors with copper rotors.

Aluminum Corporation of China Limited
Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (Chinese: 中国铝业股份有限公司, also known as Chalco) is a state-owned multinational corporation headquartered in Beijing, China. It is publicly listed on both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, and is part of the SSE 180 index.

In 2021, Chalco was the world's largest aluminum producer, surpassing China Hongqiao Group, Rusal, and Shandong Xinfa.
DeepSeek (chatbot)
DeepSeek is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek. Released on 20 January 2025, DeepSeek-R1 surpassed ChatGPT as the most downloaded freeware app on the iOS App Store in the United States by 27 January. DeepSeek's success against larger and more established rivals has been described as "upending AI" and initiating "a global AI space race". DeepSeek's compliance with Chinese government censorship policies and its data collection practices have also raised concerns over privacy and information control in the model, prompting regulatory scrutiny in multiple countries. However, it has also been praised for its open weights and infrastructure code, energy efficiency and contributions to open-source artificial intelligence.

Chinese unification
Chinese unification, also known as Cross-strait unification or Chinese reunification, is the potential unification of territories currently controlled, or claimed, by the People's Republic of China ("China" or "Mainland China") and the Republic of China ("Taiwan") under one political entity, possibly the formation of a political union between the two republics. Together with full Taiwan independence, unification is one of the main proposals to address questions on the political status of Taiwan, which is the central focus of Cross-strait relations.
Donnacha Ryan
Donnacha Ryan (born 11 December 1983) is an Irish former rugby union player and current coach. Ryan spent most of his career representing his native province Munster, spending 13 seasons at the club, before moving to French club Racing 92 in 2017, where he spent the final four seasons of his playing career before retiring and joining the coaching team at La Rochelle ahead of the 2021–22 season. He played primarily as a lock, but could also play as a flanker.

2007–08 Heineken Cup
The 2007–08 Heineken Cup was the 13th edition of the Heineken Cup, the annual rugby union European club competition for clubs from the top six nations in European rugby.

The start of the tournament was delayed because of the 2007 Rugby World Cup. After much doubt over the competition's future, caused by the threat of English and French clubs not participating, showdown talks ensured that teams from both countries would be competing in the 2007–08 tournament. The cup was won by Munster, who succeeded London Wasps as European champions after a 16–13 win over Toulouse in the final at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium.
Properties of concrete
Concrete has relatively high compressive strength (resistance to breaking when squeezed), but significantly lower tensile strength (resistance to breaking when pulled apart). The compressive strength is typically controlled with the ratio of water to cement when forming the concrete, and tensile strength is increased by additives, typically steel, to create reinforced concrete. In other words we can say concrete is made up of sand (which is a fine aggregate), ballast (which is a coarse aggregate), cement (can be referred to as a binder) and water (which is an additive).

American Concrete Institute
The American Concrete Institute (ACI, formerly National Association of Cement Users or NACU) is a non-profit technical society and standards developing organization. ACI was founded in January 1905 during a convention in Indianapolis. The Institute's headquarters are currently located in Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA. ACI's mission is "ACI develops and disseminates consensus-based knowledge on concrete and its uses."
TMEM101
Transmembrane protein 101 (TMEM101) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM101 gene. The TMEM101 protein has been demonstrated to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway. High levels of expression of TMEM101 have been linked to breast cancer.

Endometrium
The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus.  It has a basal layer and a functional layer: the basal layer contains stem cells which regenerate the functional layer. The functional layer thickens and then is shed during menstruation in humans and some other mammals, including other apes, Old World monkeys, some species of bat, the elephant shrew and the Cairo spiny mouse. In most other mammals, the endometrium is reabsorbed in the estrous cycle. During pregnancy, the glands and blood vessels in the endometrium further increase in size and number. Vascular spaces fuse and become interconnected, forming the placenta, which supplies oxygen and nutrition to the embryo and fetus. The speculated presence of an endometrial microbiota
has been argued against.
Mount Hebron Cemetery and Gatehouse
Mount Hebron Cemetery and Gatehouse is a historic cemetery and gatehouse located at Winchester, Virginia.  The cemetery was established in 1844 on two older churchyards, including that of Christ Episcopal Church in 1853. Many Civil War soldiers who died in Winchester's hospitals were interred in this cemetery, but after the war, the Union Burial Corps reinterred many Union dead into the Winchester National Cemetery established nearby, or to their home towns. The 1866 expansion included Stonewall Confederate Cemetery for 2,576 Confederate war dead. Iron fence added in 1891 and the Chateauesque style limestone gatehouse for superintendent added in 1902.

Mount Hebron was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the most heavily armed section of a fortification, to compensate for being structurally the weakest and the most probable attack point by an enemy. There are numerous surviving examples in France, Austria, Germany, England and Japan.
Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant
The Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (秦山核电站) is a multi-unit nuclear power plant in Qinshan Town, Haiyan County, in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, China.

It is the first nuclear power plant in mainland China, with a total capacity of 6.546 million kWh.

Haiyan County, Zhejiang
Haiyan County (simplified Chinese: 海盐县; traditional Chinese: 海鹽縣; pinyin: Hǎiyánⓘ Xiàn) is a county under the administration of Jiaxing City, in the north of Zhejiang province, China, situated on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay and includes the north end of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge.

Its area is 503 km2 (194 sq mi). Population is 370,000. Postal code: 314300.

The county government is located on 118 Zaoyuan Middle Rd, Wuyuan town.

In August 2010, Haiyan was selected to house the 'Nuclear City'. China will reportedly spend some €130 billion over the next ten years on developing the 130 square-kilometer Haiyan Nuclear City, which will be needed by local industry. By 2014, nine nuclear power plants should be in operation, with electrical generating capacity of around 6300 MWe, which will help reduce the country's carbon footprint.

In September 2015, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced that they would build the first international Six Flags theme park in Haiyan County, Zhejiang.