hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linepithema humile virus 1
Linepithema humile virus-1 (LHUV-1) is a novel virus discovered to be actively replicating within the invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) species. The Argentine ant is extremely invasive across the globe, invading all continents besides Antarctica with their mega-colony. The invasiveness of the ants is allowing the distribution of this virus, among others, into vulnerable honey bee populations which may be responsible for the overall colony collapse.

Aparavirus
Aparavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Dicistroviridae. Invertebrates, honeybee, and bumblebees serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: ABPV: paralysis. This virus plays a role in sudden collapse of honey bee colonies infested with the parasitic mite varroa destructor.
High-speed rail in the Netherlands
High-speed rail service in the Netherlands started in 2009 with the opening of the dedicated HSL-Zuid, which connects the Randstad via Brussels to the rest of the European high-speed rail network. In later years improved traditional rail sections were added to the high-speed network. Proposals for more dedicated high-speed lines were deemed too costly; plans for the HSL-Oost to Germany were mothballed and instead of the Zuiderzeelijn the less ambitious Hanzelijn was built to enable future high-speed service between the northern provinces and the Randstad.

As of 2025, four high-speed train services are operative in the Netherlands: Intercity Express (ICE), Eurostar, the Eurocity Direct and the domestic Intercity Direct which replaced the short-lived Fyra service was cancelled in 2013 after severe reliability issues.

Schiphol Airport station
Schiphol Airport station is a major passenger railway station in Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands, beneath the terminal complex of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, operated by the Nederlandse Spoorwegen. The station's six platforms are accessible via twelve escalators and three elevators located in the main concourse of the airport (Schiphol Plaza). The original station was opened in 1978, and the current station in 1995. It connects the airport to Amsterdam and other cities in the Netherlands, as well as to Belgium and France.
Ron Jacobs (basketball)
Ronald Jacobs (December 27, 1942 – December 24, 2015) was an American basketball coach. Jacobs was head coach of the men's basketball team of Loyola Marymount University. After turning the program around in just one season, he was invited by Filipino businessman Danding Cojuangco to coach the Philippines men's national basketball team. Jacobs brought the Philippines back to prominence in basketball during the 1980s. He revolutionized the way basketball was played in the Philippines. He raised the level of technology in playing the game and turned every contest into a learning experience by showing how to win with science, hard work, team play and discipline.

Ato Agustin
Renato "Ato" Guilas Agustin (born August 1, 1963) is a Filipino former professional basketball player, politician, and current assistant coach for the San Miguel Beermen. He played college basketball for the Lyceum of the Philippines before moving on to play professional basketball in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).

Agustin was the Most Valuable Player awardee of the PBA in 1992. He played for the San Miguel Beermen, Sunkist/Pop Cola, Mobiline Phone Pals, Sta. Lucia Realtors, and finally, Batang Red Bull. Agustin was named a member of the PBA's 25 Greatest Players in 2000. He also had a brief stint in with the Pampanga Dragons in the Metropolitan Basketball Association.
Preto River (Araçuaí River tributary)
The Preto River (Portuguese: Rio Preto: Black River) is a river in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is a tributary of the Araçuaí River.

The Rio Preto was declared a "permanently protected river" in 1991 in response to demand from the local community.
The Rio Preto State Park, which protects the river's sources, was created by decree 35.611 of 1 June 1994, with an area of 10,755 hectares (26,580 acres).

Araçuaí River
The Araçuaí River (Portuguese: Rio Araçuaí) is a river of Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil. The Araçuaí River flows through the Jequitinhonha Valley in the northeast of Minas Gerais, through the town of Araçuaí, which the river takes its name from. It is a tributary of the Jequitinhonha River, flowing south from its right bank. The confluence of the river is located at 16°45′45″S 42°0′32″W﻿ / ﻿16.76250°S 42.00889°W﻿ / -16.76250; -42.00889. Tributaries include the Gravatá River, Setúbal River, Capivara River, Fanado River and the Itamarandiba River.
Drosera fimbriata
Drosera fimbriata, the Manypeaks sundew, is a perennial tuberous species in the genus Drosera that is endemic to Western Australia. It grows to 10 to 15 cm tall with two or three whorls of non-carnivorous leaves on the lower portion of the stem and 2 to 5 whorls of carnivorous leaves above that. It is native to a region mostly around Manypeaks but with populations near the Scott River and near Denmark. It grows in winter-wet sandy soils in heathland. It flowers in October.

It was first formally described by Larry Eugene DeBuhr in 1975.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
Jiang Shiquan
Jiang Shiquan (simplified Chinese: 蒋士铨; traditional Chinese: 蔣士銓; December 1, 1725–April 3, 1784) was a Chinese poet of the Qing dynasty. He was active during the Qianlong and Jiaqing eras of the Qing dynasty, and was classed as one of the "Three Great Masters of the Qianlong Era" (乾隆三大家) along with Yuan Mei and Zhao Yi. Jiang stated that he learned from Li Shangyin when he was 15, turned to study Du Fu and Han Yu when he was 19, and studied Su Shi and Huang Tingjian at the age of 40, and abandoned the style of the ancient authors to write his own poets. He was against the restorative trend of the "Former and Latter Seven Masters" (前后七子), and disagreed with the poetry theories of Weng Fanggang and Shen Deqian. He claimed to absorb both the styles of Tang and Song. But his comprehension of "Xingling" (性灵) was different from that of Yuan Mei.

Today we know about 2500 of his poems. Jiang also wrote Ci and proses. He was also an important playwright, leaving us 16 plays.

Shen Deqian
Shen Deqian (Chinese: 沈德潜; pinyin: Shěn Déqián; 1673-1769), courtesy name Queshi (Chinese: 碻士; pinyin: Quèshì), pseudonym Guiyu (Chinese: 歸愚; pinyin: Guīyú) was a Chinese scholar, official, poet, critic and anthologist of the Qing dynasty.

Born in Suzhou, Shen achieved popularity at an early age for his articles and poems. However, he did not obtain the title of provincial graduate (juren) until 1738, after seventeen attempts. The next year, he finally passed the imperial examination and was chosen to enter the Hanlin Academy. He was immediately introduced into the inner circle of the Qianlong Emperor, who was seeking to establish his own poet laureate. He retired from the position of Vice-Minister of Rites in 1749 and died twenty years later at the age of 96.

Shen Deqian formulated his poetic theory by stressing the four essential elements : purport (宗旨), form (體裁), tone (音節) and spiritual resonance (神韻).
Rudaki District
Rudaki District (Russian: Район Рудаки; Tajik: Ноҳияи Рӯдакӣ Nohiyai Rudaki) is a district in Tajikistan, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It stretches south from Dushanbe, bordering on Shahrinav District, the city of Hisor, and Varzob District from the north and northwest, Tajikistan's Khatlon Region from the south and the east, and Uzbekistan from the west. Its administrative capital is Somoniyon, a southern suburb of Dushanbe, called Leninsky in the Soviet period. The population of the district is 518,200 (January 2020 estimate).

A border guard training center is located here, used by the Tajik Border Troops. In October 2013, the Tajik Interior Ministry opened a new police station in the district.

Districts of Tajikistan
As of 2020, the regions of Tajikistan are subdivided into 47 districts (Tajik: ноҳия, nohiya or Russian: район, rayon), not including 4 districts belonging to the capital city Dushanbe, and 18 cities of regional subordination (including Dushanbe, an extraregional capital city). Before ca. 2017, there were 58 districts. The districts are further subdivided into municipal units: either as urban municipalities called either as cities (Tajik: шаҳр, romanized: şahr, "cities") or towns (Tajik: шаҳрак, romanized: şahrak, "towns"), or as rural municipalities called jamoats (Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes"), which in turn are further subdivided into villages (Tajik: деҳа or қишлоқ, romanized: deha or qyshloq, "villages/hamlets").

The numbering of the districts follows the map.
356 BC
Year 356 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ambustus and Laenas (or, less frequently, year 398 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 356 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Kos
Kos or Cos (/kɒs, kɔːs/; Greek: Κως [kos]) is a Greek island, which is part of the Dodecanese island chain in the southeastern Aegean Sea. Kos is the third largest island of the Dodecanese, after Rhodes and Karpathos; it has a population of 37,089 (2021 census), making it the second most populous of the Dodecanese after Rhodes. The island measures 42.1 by 11.5 kilometres (26 by 7 miles). Administratively, Kos constitutes a municipality within the Kos regional unit, which is part of the South Aegean region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is the town of Kos.
Battle of Los Angeles (2009)
Battle of Los Angeles (2009) was the fifth Battle of Los Angeles professional wrestling tournament produced by Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG). It was a two-night event which took place on November 20 and November 21, 2009 at the American Legion Post No. 308 in Reseda, Los Angeles, California.

The vacant PWG World Championship was decided in the tournament as Kenny Omega defeated Roderick Strong in the tournament final to win the vacant title after former champion Bryan Danielson vacated the title in his farewell match at Guerre Sans Frontières on September 4. Non-tournament matches included The Cutler Brothers (Brandon and Dustin) versus Malachi Jackson and Ryan Taylor in a tag team match on the first night, Colt Cabana, Jerome Robinson and Johnny Goodtime versus Austin Aries and The Cutler Brothers in a six-man tag team match and The Young Bucks (Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) versus El Generico and Kevin Steen for the World Tag Team Championship on the second night.

Professional wrestling strikes
Strikes can be offensive moves in professional wrestling, that can sometimes be used to set up an opponent for a hold or for a throw. There are a wide variety of strikes in pro wrestling, and many are known by several different names. Professional wrestlers frequently give their finishers new names. Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.

Professional wrestling contains a variety of punches and kicks found in martial arts and other fighting sports; the moves listed below are more specific to wrestling itself. Many of the moves below can also be performed from a raised platform (the top rope, the ring apron, etc.); these are called aerial variations. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.
Amakusa 1637
Amakusa 1637 is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Michiyo Akaishi. It is about the time-traveling adventures of six modern-day Japanese high school students from the St. Francisco Academy to the 17th century, where they take part in the Shimabara Rebellion. It was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Petit Flower from 2000 to 2002 and in the josei manga magazine Flowers from 2002 to 2006, and was collected in 12 tankōbon volumes.

Tokugawa Iemitsu
Tokugawa Iemitsu (徳川 家光; 12 August 1604 – 8 June 1651) was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the third shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty. He was the eldest son of Tokugawa Hidetada with Oeyo, and the grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Lady Kasuga was his wet nurse, who acted as his political adviser and was at the forefront of shogunate negotiations with the Imperial court. Iemitsu ruled from 1623 to 1651; during this period he crucified Christians, expelled all Europeans from Japan and closed the borders of the country, a foreign policy that continued for over 200 years after its institution.
J. Scot Chadwick
J. Scot Chadwick (born September 13, 1953) is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

Chadwick graduated from Towanda Area High School in 1971. He later graduated from Bucknell University in 1975 and earned a law degree from Villanova University School of Law in 1978. He was elected to represent the 110th legislative district in 1984, following the retirement of Republican incumbent Roger Madigan, who was elected to represent Pennsylvania's 23rd senatorial district. Chadwick retired prior to the 2000 elections and was succeeded by Tina Pickett.

Roger A. Madigan
Roger A. Madigan (February 25, 1930 – June 2, 2018) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 110th district from 1976 to 1984 and the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 23rd District from 1985 to 2009.
Bryan's shearwater
Bryan's shearwater (Puffinus bryani) is a species of shearwater that may occur around the Hawaiian Islands. It is the smallest species of shearwater and is black and white with a bluish gray beak and blue tarsi. First collected in 1963 and thought to be a little shearwater (Puffinus assimilis) it was determined using DNA analysis to be distinct in 2011. It is rare and possibly threatened and there is little information on its breeding or non-breeding ranges. The species is named after Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. a former curator of the B. P. Bishop Museum at Honolulu.

On February 7, 2012, DNA tests on six specimens found in Ogasawara alive and dead between 1997 and 2011 determined that they were Bryan's shearwaters. It is assumed that Bryan's shearwaters still survive on some of the uninhabited Bonin Islands.

In 2015 a small breeding colony of Bryan's shearwaters was found on the island of Higashijima in Japan.

Little shearwater
The little shearwater (Puffinus assimilis) is a small shearwater in the petrel family Procellariidae.  Despite the generic name, it is unrelated to the puffins, which are auks, the only similarity being that they are both burrow-nesting seabirds.
Eriya Kategaya
Eriya Kategaya (4 July 1945 – 2 March 2013) was a Ugandan lawyer and politician. At the time of his death he was Uganda's First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for East African Community Affairs. He was also an ex officio Member of the Ugandan Parliament, on account of being a cabinet minister.

University of Dar es Salaam
The University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM; Swahili: Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam) is a public university located in Ubungo District, in the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. It was established in 1961 as an affiliate college of the University of London and became an affiliate of the University of East Africa (UEA) in 1963, shortly after Tanganyika gained its independence from the United Kingdom. In 1970, UEA split into three independent universities: Makerere University in Uganda, the University of Nairobi in Kenya, and the current University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.
William Penlington (teacher)
William Arthur Greener Penlington (8 October 1890 – 5 August 1982) was a New Zealand school principal and educationalist.

Penlington was born at Akaroa on Banks Peninsula, New Zealand in 1890 to an early settler family. His grandfather, William Penlington, was a sawmiller and mayor of Akaroa, and his father—also named William Penlington—was a compositor. Peter Penlington QC and Ross Penlington were sons of two cousins; both were judges.

During World War I he was a captain in the New Zealand Rifle Brigade. After the war his rank was raised temporarily to Major in the resettlement and rehabilitation effort.

He was later head master of Hastings High School, where he was involved in the aftermath of the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake.

Penlington played cricket and hockey at a representative level.

Peter Penlington
Peter George Spenser Penlington CNZM KC (13 December 1932 – 31 January 2025) was a New Zealand lawyer and judge. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1978, and served as High Court judge from 1990 until 2000.
.405 Winchester
The .405 Winchester / 10.45x65mmR (.405 WCF) is a rimmed centerfire rifle cartridge introduced in 1904 for the Winchester 1895 lever-action rifle. It remains to this day one of the most powerful rimmed cartridges designed specifically for lever-action rifles; the only modern lever action cartridges that exceed its performance are the .50 Alaskan, .450 Alaskan, .475 Turnbull, .348 Turnbull, and the .450 Marlin. The .405 was highly regarded by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt during his safari in East Africa.

.450 Marlin
The .450 Marlin is a firearms cartridge designed as a modernized equivalent to the .45-70 cartridge.  It was designed by a joint team of Marlin and Hornady engineers headed by Hornady's Mitch Mittelstaedt, and was released in 2000, with cartridges manufactured by Hornady and rifles manufactured by Marlin, mainly the Model 1895M levergun. The Browning BLR is also now available in .450 Marlin chambering, as is the Ruger No. 1.  Marlin ceased manufacture of the 1895M rifle in 2009.  In October 2022 it was rumored that Ruger Firearms, the new owner of Marlin Firearms, may be reintroducing the 450 Marlin in their Model 1895 guide gun, but this has not been confirmed by Marlin or Ruger.
Football at the 2025 SEA Games – Women's tournament – Group B
Group B of the women's football tournament at the 2025 SEA Games was played from 5 to 11 December 2025. The group, one of two 4-team groups competing in the group stage of the SEA Games tournament, consisted of Vietnam, Myanmar, the Philippines and Malaysia.

Football at the 2025 SEA Games – Women's tournament
The women's football tournament at the 2025 SEA Games (Thai: การแข่งขันฟุตบอลหญิงซีเกมส์ 2568) was held from 4 to 17 December 2025. It was the fourteenth edition of the women's SEA Games football tournament.

Vietnam are the four-time defending champions, having won the last four editions, but failed to secured their fifth title to Philippines, their first ever gold medal. And with Thailand, this is the first time ever they failed to achieved gold medal in their home soil.
PGM3 deficiency
PGM3 deficiency is a rare genetic disorder of the immune system associated with diminished phosphoglucomutase 3 function. PGM3 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by gene PGM3. This disorder manifests as severe atopy, immune deficiency, autoimmunity, intellectual disability, and hypomyelination. In 2014, Investigators Atfa Sassi at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Sandra Lazaroski at the University Medical Center Freiburg, and Gang Wu at the Imperial College London, identified PGM3 mutations in nine patients from four consanguineous families. In the same year, a researchers from the laboratories of Joshua Milner  and  Helen Su  at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease at the U.S. National Institutes of Health described PGM3 deficiency in eight additional patients from two families.

Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine
Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine or UDP-GlcNAc is a nucleotide sugar and a coenzyme in metabolism. It is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N-acetylglucosamine residues to substrates. UDP-GlcNAc is used for making glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycolipids. D-Glucosamine is made naturally in the form of glucosamine-6-phosphate, and is the biochemical precursor of all nitrogen-containing sugars. To be specific, glucosamine-6-phosphate is synthesized from fructose 6-phosphate and glutamine as the first step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway.  The end-product of this pathway is UDP-GlcNAc. Some enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-GlcNAc vary between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, serving as potential drug targets for antibiotic development.
Turki bin Saud Al Kabeer
Turki bin Saud Al Kabeer (Arabic: تركي بن سعود الكبير) was a Saudi prince. He was a great-grandson of Prince Saud Al Kabeer, who was a cousin and brother-in-law of King Abdulaziz (r. 1932–1953). Prince Saud was a prominent figure in the majlis of internal advisers to King Abdulaziz.

Al Kabeer's execution for murder was announced by Saudi state media on 18 October 2016. He was the first member of the Saudi royal family to be executed since the execution of 19 year old Mishaal bint Fahd bin Mohammed Al Saud in 1977.

Mishaal bint Fahd Al Saud
Princess Mishaal bint Fahd Al Saud (1958 – 15 July 1977; Arabic: الأميرة مشاعل بنت فهد بن محمد بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود) was a member of the House of Saud who was executed by shooting allegedly for committing adultery in 1977, at the age of 19. She was a daughter of Prince Fahd bin Muhammad and a granddaughter of Prince Muhammad bin Abdulaziz, a son of King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia and the older and only full brother of King Khalid. Much of the available information about the incident is derived from the 1980 docu-drama Death of a Princess, which presents a largely fictionalized and dramatized portrayal of the events.
Bim bam toi
"Bim bam toi" (English: Bim bam you) is a song by French singer Carla Lazzari that served as France's entry to the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019, held in Gliwice, Poland, on 24 November 2019. It was released on the MCA label as a single on 11 October.

In December 2019, the song went viral on TikTok and climbed to number one on the Spotify Top 50 Viral chart for France.

It was written by Barbara Pravi (who would later represent France at the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 in Rotterdam, Netherlands with the song "Voilà", in addition to writing the following year's winning French Junior Eurovision entry "J'imagine") and Igit, and produced by Julien Comblat.

Voilà (Barbara Pravi song)
"Voilà" is a song by French singer Barbara Pravi, who co-wrote the song with Igit and Lili Poe. It was released for digital download and to streaming platforms on 6 November 2020. The song represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, placing second, after winning the pre-selection competition Eurovision France, c'est vous qui décidez! The single was certified Platinum (Global) in August 2021 and Gold (France) in April 2022. The song tells a personal story of Pravi's about self-acceptance.