hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Manley
Michael Norman Manley ON OM OCC PC (10 December 1924 – 6 March 1997) was a Jamaican politician, trade unionist and journalist who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Jamaica, from 1972 to 1980, and from 1989 to 1992. Manley championed a democratic socialist programme, and has been described as a populist, although many in the country feared he would turn Jamaica into a communist state. He remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers.

Prime Minister of Jamaica
The prime minister of Jamaica (Jamaican Patois: Praim Minista a Jumieka) is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Holness, as leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), was sworn in as prime minister on 16 September 2025, having been re-elected as a result of the JLP's victory in the 2025 general election.

The prime minister is formally appointed into office by the governor-general, who represents King Charles III.
Knife bayonet
A knife bayonet is a knife which can be used both as a bayonet, combat knife, or utility knife as a cutting and thrusting tool or weapon. The knife bayonet became the almost universal form of bayonet in the 20th century due to its versatility and effectiveness.

SA80
The SA80 (Small Arms for the 1980s) is a British family of 5.56×45mm NATO service weapons used by the British Army. The L85 Rifle variant has been the standard issue service rifle of the British Armed Forces since 1987, replacing the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle. The prototypes were created in 1976, with production of the A1 variant starting in 1985 and ending in 1994. The A2 variant came to be as the result of a significant upgrade in the early 2000s by Heckler & Koch and remains in service as of 2025. The A3 variant was first issued in 2018 with several new improvements.

The remainder of the SA80 family consists of the L86 Light Support Weapon, the short-barrelled L22 Carbine and the L98 Cadet rifle.

The SA80 was the last in a long line of British weapons (including the Lee–Enfield family) to come from the Royal Small Arms Factory, the national arms development and production facility at Enfield Lock, before its weapons factory was closed down in 1988.
Kharkiv Public Library
The Kharkiv Public Library (Ukrainian: Харківська громадська бібліотека, romanized: Kharkivska hromadska biblioteka, Kharkiv Korolenko State Scientific Library) is an architectural monument located in the center of Kharkiv, Ukraine in Korolenko Lane, 18. It was erected in 1899–1901 according to the design of the prominent Ukrainian architect Oleksiy Beketov, who performed the work free of charge. The building is a monument of architecture and urban planning of local significance of Ukraine (№ 7153-Ха) and a monument of history of local significance of Ukraine (№ 91). The library building was damaged by Russian shelling during the battles for Kharkiv in 2022.

Mascaron (architecture)
A mascaron is an ornament in the form of a face used in architecture and the decorative arts.  Originally intended to frighten evil spirits from entering a building, the compositional element became purely decorative, usually human in appearance, sometimes chimeric. The most recent architectural styles to extensively employ it were Beaux Arts and Art Nouveau. In addition to architecture, mascarons are used in the other applied arts.
Alan Morley
Alan John George Morley MBE (born 25 June 1950 in Bristol, England) is a former English rugby union player.

He played a record number of 519 times for Bristol, scoring 384 tries, between 1968 and 1986.

He won 7 England caps, from 1972 to 1975, scoring 2 tries, 8 points on aggregate. He played at the 1975 Five Nations Championship, scoring a try. He was selected for the 1974 Lions tour but didn't make the Test side, having to compete with J.J. Williams, Billy Steele and Andy Irvine. The highlight of his international career was probably scoring a try on his international début on 3 June 1972, against South Africa when an unfancied England side won 18–9.

Andy Irvine (rugby union)
Andrew Robertson Irvine MBE (born 16 September 1951) is a former president of the Scottish Rugby Union (SRU), and a former Scottish international rugby player. He earned fifty one Scotland caps, captaining the team on fifteen occasions, and scored 250 points for Scotland. He went on three British Lions tours.
Reperfusion injury
Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re- + perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia).  The absence of oxygen and nutrients from blood during the ischemic period creates a condition in which the restoration of circulation results in inflammation and oxidative damage through the induction of oxidative stress rather than (or along with) restoration of normal function.

Reperfusion injury is distinct from cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (sometimes called "Reperfusion syndrome"), a state of abnormal cerebral vasodilation.

Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are the hydroperoxide radical or hydroperoxyl (HO2), superoxide (O2−), the hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2).  ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant.  ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise.  ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions.  They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells.  ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere.  Most often, however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations.
Gervasios Paraskevopoulos
Gervasios Paraskevopoulos (Greek: Γερβάσιος Παρασκευόπουλος), known as Saint Gervasios of Patras (1877 – 30 June 1964) was a Greek priest, theologian and monk. In 2023, he was proclaimed a saint of the Orthodox Church.

Metropolis of Patras
The Metropolis of Patras (Greek: Ιερά Μητρόπολις Πατρών) is a metropolitan see of the Church of Greece in the city of Patras in Achaea, Greece. The see traces its origins to its patron saint, Saint Andrew, in the 1st century. Historically, it has been one of the two pre-eminent sees of the Peloponnese along with the See of Corinth. The see has been part of the Greek Orthodox Church (the Patriarchate of Constantinople until 1833, the Church of Greece since then), except for the period where the city was part of the Principality of Achaea and a Latin see was installed.
Flagstar Bank
Flagstar Bank, N.A. (FLG), is an American regional financial services holding company headquartered in Hicksville, New York. In 2023, the bank operated 395 branches under the names New York Community Bank, Queens County Savings Bank, Roslyn Savings Bank, Richmond County Savings Bank, Roosevelt Savings Bank, Atlantic Bank, Garden State Community Bank, Ohio Savings Bank, AmTrust Bank, Flagstar Bank, and Desert Community Bank. However, they rebranded all of these under the Flagstar name on February 21, 2024.

A large majority of the loans originated by the bank are either multi-family or commercial loans, many in New York City, to buildings subject to laws regarding rent regulation in New York. However, it does not offer construction loans.

Hicksville, New York
Hicksville is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The CDP's population was 43,869 at the time of the 2020 census.
Andrés D'Alessandro
Andrés Nicolás D'Alessandro (born 15 April 1981) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He has played top-flight football in Argentina, Germany, England, Spain, Brazil and Uruguay.

He won an Olympic gold medal with Argentina in 2004 and also played at that year's Copa América.

In 2020, he was awarded Brazilian citizenship.

2010 Copa Libertadores
The 2010 Copa Libertadores de América (officially the 2010 Copa Santander Libertadores for sponsorship reasons) was the 51st edition of the Copa Libertadores de América, CONMEBOL's premier international club tournament. The tournament began on January 26 and ended on August 18. During the month of June, the competition was interrupted after the conclusion of the quarterfinals due to the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

Estudiantes were the defending champion, but they were eliminated by Brazilian team Internacional in the quarterfinals.

Internacional won the competition after defeating Guadalajara in both legs of the finals for their second Copa Libertadores title. Internacional qualified for both the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup and the 2011 Recopa Sudamericana.
2 Corinthians 12
2 Corinthians 12 is the twelfth chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It was written by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) in Macedonia in 55–56 CE. Paul continues "speaking like a fool" in this chapter (cf. 2 Corinthians 11:1, 21).

2 Corinthians 1
2 Corinthians 1 is the first chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It was sent by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) to the Corinthian church around 55–56 CE.
The Mysterious Mannequin
The Mysterious Mannequin is the forty-seventh volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1970 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was a ghostwriter following a plot outlined by Harriet Stratemeyer Adams, heir to the Stratemeyer Syndicate.

Nancy Drew Mystery Stories
The Nancy Drew Mystery Stories is the long-running 'main' series of the Nancy Drew franchise, which was published under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. There are 175 novels and 34 revised stories that were published between 1930 and 2003 under the banner. Grosset & Dunlap published the first 56, and 34 revised stories, while Simon & Schuster published the series beginning with volume 57.

A spinoff, the Nancy Drew Files, ran concurrently from 1986 to 1997. In 2003, Simon & Schuster announced that Nancy Drew Mystery Stories would end and be replaced by a new, more contemporary series titled Nancy Drew: Girl Detective. Launched in 2004, the series ended in 2012. The Nancy Drew Diaries was launched in its place in 2013.
Ted Ellis (artist)
Ted Ellis (born 1963) is an American artist and former environmental chemist. Ellis is best known for his African-American themed art and styles which blend elements of folk art, naturalism and impressionism. His personal rendition of Barack Obama in acrylic, Obama, the 44th President, was presented in honor of the 2009 Presidential Inauguration.

Ellis' art business has sold over 1.75 million fine art products, and he works with a number of prominent corporations. He is also known for his community work, especially advancing arts in children's education.

Philip Morris USA
Philip Morris USA is an American tobacco company. They are a division of the American tobacco corporation Altria Group. It has been the leading cigarette manufacturer in the U.S. since the late 20th century. Its major brands include Marlboro, Virginia Slims, Benson & Hedges, Merit, and Parliament.

The company was incorporated in New York City in 1902 as Philip Morris & Co. Ltd.  In 1919 George J. Whelan, along with fellow shareholders Reuben M. Ellis and Leonard B. McKitterick, acquired the American division of the company and created Philip Morris & Co. Ltd., Inc. In the 1950s it introduced innovations such as the flip-top box and filters for cigarettes. In 1972, it became the leading cigarette manufacturer in the United States in terms of sales, a position it continued to hold. In March 2008, Philip Morris International was split from Philip Morris USA.
Mugur Isărescu
Constantin Mugur Isărescu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmuɡur isəˈresku]; born 1 August 1949) is the governor of the National Bank of Romania, a position he has been holding since September 1990, with the sole exception of a period of time of one year (22 December 1999 to 28 December 2000), during which he served as Prime Minister of Romania. In addition, he is also a member of the Romanian Academy. Isărescu is a member of The Trilateral Commission.

2000 Romanian general election
General elections were held in Romania on 26 November 2000, with a second round of the presidential election on 10 December. Former president Ion Iliescu of the Social Democracy Party of Romania (PDSR) was re-elected in the run-off, whilst the PDSR, as part of the Social Democratic Pole of Romania (PDSR), emerged as the largest party in Parliament, winning 155 of the 345 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 65 of the 140 seats in the Senate. The 2000 Romanian presidential election was the fourth of its kind held in post-1989 Romania.
Tacna Prefecture
The Tacna Prefecture, also known as the Tacna Intendancy, is a building located at Blondell street, in the homonymous city in Peru. It was built and used by Chile under its administration of its former Tacna Province until its return to Peru in 1929. The building was declared a historic site in 1980, however was torched by accident in 2008 by demonstrators, and its outer facade is the only part that's still standing.

Treaty of Lima (1929)
The Treaty of Lima was a boundary treaty signed on June 3, 1929. The agreement put an end to the territorial dispute regarding the provinces of Tacna and Arica, which had been administered by Chile since 1883.

The treaty divided Tacna Province, the first-level administrative division established by Chile, into two parts. Tacna was awarded to Peru, and Chile retained its sovereignty over Arica. Chile also agreed to pay up to US$6 million (about £1.23 million; equivalent to $113 million in 2025) in compensation to Peru. It established the border between both states and granted Peru the administration of the Tacna–Arica railway and a pier in the Port of Arica. The treaty was signed on 3 June 1929 in Lima by then-Peruvian Representative Pedro José Rada y Gamio and Chilean Representative Emiliano Figueroa Larrain.
2013 TEAN International
The 2013 TEAN International was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour and the 13th edition of the tournament for the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands, on 2–8 September 2013.

2013 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2013 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 149 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $220,000.
Coelites
Coelites  is a Southeast Asia genus of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae (Satyrinae)

The genus contains three species:

Coelites nothis Westwood, [1850]
C. n. nothis Assam, Burma, Thailand, Laos
C. n. sylvarum Fruhstorfer, 1902 North Vietnam
C. n. adamsoni Moore, 1891 Assam, Burma
C. n. hainanensis Gu, 1994 Hainan

Coelites epiminthia Westwood, [1851]
C. e. epiminthia Westwood, [1851] Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo
C. e.  binghami Moore, 1891 South Burma
C. e. vicinus Felder Sulawesi

Coelites euptychioides C. & R. Felder, [1867]
C. e. euptychioides C. & R. Felder, [1867] Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo
C. e. humilis Butler, 1867 Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra

Satyrinae
The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known diversity of brush-footed butterflies. The true number of the Satyrinae species is estimated to exceed 2,400.
Vittorio Iannuzzo
Vittorio Iannuzzo (born 10 May 1982 in Avellino) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He currently competes in the IDM Superbike Championship aboard a Suzuki GSX-R1000.

Iannuzzo was the 2002 European Superstock 1000 champion riding an Alstare Suzuki.

In his Superbike World Championship participations, Iannuzzo had a front-row start at Misano World Circuit in 2003. In 2010, he had a huge crash at Circuit Ricardo Tormo when he tangled with Simon Andrews. In the same year he rode a factory Triumph Daytona 675 in the Supersport World Championship, having replaced Jason DiSalvo midseason.

Jason DiSalvo
Jason DiSalvo is an American former professional Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He was the planned rider of the Castrol Rocket streamliner built to challenge the motorcycle land speed record, before being replaced by Guy Martin.
Marianne Ackerman
Marianne Letitia Ackerman (born 1952) is a Canadian novelist, playwright, and journalist. Mankind and Other Stories of Women, her fifth work of prose fiction, was published by Guernica Editions in 2016. Her play Triplex Nervosa premiered at Centaur Theatre in April 2015. Triplex Nervosa Trilogy was published by Guernica in 2020.

The Gazette (Montreal)
The Gazette, also known as the Montreal Gazette, is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper which is owned by Postmedia Network. It is published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

It is the only English-language daily newspaper currently published in Montreal. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of the 20th century. It is one of the French-speaking province's last two English-language dailies; the other is the Sherbrooke Record, which serves the anglophone community in Sherbrooke and the Eastern Townships southeast of Montreal.

Founded in 1778 by Fleury Mesplet, The Gazette is Quebec's oldest daily newspaper and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Canada. The oldest newspaper overall is the English-language Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph, which was established in 1764 and is published weekly.
Piryatinsky Uyezd
Piryatinsky Uyezd (Пирятинский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Piryatin (Pyriatyn).

Pyriatyn
Pyriatyn (Ukrainian: Пирятин, pronounced [pɪˈrʲɑtɪn]) is a city in Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It served as the administrative center of Pyriatyn Raion until its abolishment in 2020. The city is located on the Dnieper Lowland, in the forest-steppe natural zone. The city of Pyriatyn is an important industrial center of Poltava region. Population: 14,988 (2022 estimate).
The Essential REO Speedwagon
The Essential REO Speedwagon is a greatest hits album by the band REO Speedwagon released through Epic Records and Legacy Recordings. The collection spans the band's history from 1971 through 1999 and the package includes two compact discs. The album consists of tracks from nearly every studio album up to 1999 except "This Time We Mean It" from 1975.

In 2009, the album was re-released as part of the Limited Edition 3.0 series which added a third bonus disc with eight more tracks.

This Time We Mean It
This Time We Mean It is the fifth studio album by REO Speedwagon, released in 1975. It peaked at number 74 on the Billboard 200 chart in 1975, It was the third and last album to feature Mike Murphy on vocals and features the single "Reelin'" written by Murphy.
Gene Rondo
Winston Lara (28 May 1943 – 12 June 1994), better known by his stage name Gene Rondo, was a Jamaican reggae singer. After first recording as part of the duo Gene & Roy in Jamaica, he relocated to London where he continued to record until the 1980s, including several album releases in the 1970s, both solo and as a member of The Undivided. He was sometimes credited as Gene Laro or Winston Laro.

Magnet Records
Magnet Records was a British record label, started in 1973 by Michael Levy and Peter Shelley. It was acquired by Warner Bros. Records in 1988 for an estimated £10m.

Artists on the label included Alvin Stardust, Stevenson's Rocket, Matchbox, Adrian Baker, Silver Convention, Guys 'n' Dolls, Darts, Kissing the Pink, Bad Manners, David D'Or, Blue Zoo and Chris Rea, who all achieved success during the 1970s and 1980s. Successful 1990s band D:Ream were signed to a later incarnation of the label.

Music management expert Kim Glover began her music career working for Michael Levy in the radio promotions department, and eventually ended up as Head of TV and Radio for Magnet, creating campaigns for all the artists signed to the label. Pete Waterman also worked for the label during the mid-1970s, as his first break in the recording business.

The unrelated British reggae label Magnet Records was started in 1971 by R. A. Coke, and was based in Stoke Newington, North London.
Colden Common F.C.
Colden Common Football Club is a football club based in Otterbourne, near Winchester, Hampshire, England. The club is affiliated to the Hampshire Football Association. The club is an FA Charter Standard club. The club are currently members of the Wessex League Division One.

Hampshire League
The Hampshire League was a long running amateur football league in Hampshire, England.

The competition ran for 108 years, until it was absorbed the expanding Wessex League in 2004. It has since been succeeded by the Hampshire Premier League with a recognised place on the FA Pyramid system.
Hogupo station
Hogupo Station (Korean: 호구포역) is a station on the Suin–Bundang Line as a part of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system as of June 30, 2012. It is located in Nonhyeon-dong, Namdong District, Incheon.

It was an abandoned railway station as Nonhyeon Station. It opened in 1967 and closed in the 1970s.

Namdong District
Namdong District (Korean: 남동구; RR: Namdong-gu) is a municipal district of Incheon, South Korea. Namdong District has been the city centre of Incheon since 1985. It is the location for Incheon Metropolitan City Hall, Incheon Metropolitan Police Agency main offices, the Namdong Industrial Complex, and Gil Hospital & Gachon Medical School. There is a large shopping district close to the City Hall and Grand Theater containing 3 large department stores, many restaurants and bars and the 2.68 km (1.67 mi) long Jung-Ang city park.
Swanage Lifeboat Station
Swanage Lifeboat Station is located on Peveril Point, a headland on the east-facing coast of the Isle of Purbeck and is part of the town of Swanage in Dorset, England.

A lifeboat was first stationed at Swanage by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) on 16 September 1875.

The station underwent extensive re-development in 2015/16 with a new purpose built boat house to accommodate its new Shannon-class All-weather lifeboat (AWB), and was opened in 2017.

The station currently operates 13-13 George Thomas Lacy (ON 1320), a Shannon-class All-weather lifeboat, on station since 2016, and Roy Norgrove (D-884), a D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat (ILB), on station since 2023.

Awards of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution
The National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck was established on 4 March 1824, becoming the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) on 20 March 1824, when it received royal approval from King George IV. The Institution became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) on 5 October 1854.

Ever since its inception in 1824, a number of awards have been established by the Institution, both for gallantry at sea, and for service to the Institution. None are approved by the Crown, and are therefore unofficial awards. As such, they do not appear in the official British order of wear, although the principal lifesaving award, a Medal of the RNLI, can be worn on the right breast in uniform by members of the British armed forces.