hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Procyanidin
Procyanidins are members of the proanthocyanidin (or condensed tannins) class of flavonoids. They are oligomeric compounds, formed from catechin and epicatechin molecules. They yield cyanidin when depolymerized under oxidative conditions.

See the box below entitled "Types of procyanidins" for links to articles on the various types.

Thioglycolic acid
Thioglycolic acid (TGA) is the organic compound HSCH2CO2H. TGA is often called mercaptoacetic acid (MAA). It contains both a thiol (mercaptan) and carboxylic acid functional groups. It is a colorless liquid with a strongly unpleasant odor. TGA is miscible with polar organic solvents.
USS Vermilion (AKA-107)
USS Vermilion (AKA-107/LKA-107), was a Tolland-class attack cargo ship of the United States Navy, named after a parish in southern Louisiana and a county in eastern Illinois. She served as a commissioned ship for 25 years and 9 months.

Tolland was laid down as a Type C2-S-AJ3 ship under a United States Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1700) on 17 October 1944 by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company in Wilmington, North Carolina and launched on 12 December 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Rex Freeman. She was delivered to the Navy on 23 December 1944 to be completed as a Navy attack cargo ship at the Todd Shipyard in Brooklyn, New York. She was commissioned at Brooklyn on 23 June 1945 with the hull code AKA-107, Captain F. B. Eggers commanding.

Vermilion Parish, Louisiana
Vermilion Parish (French: Paroisse de Vermillion) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana, created in 1844. The parish seat is Abbeville. Vermilion Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan statistical area, and located in southern Acadiana. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 57,359.

In the past several decades, much of the southern portion of the parish has been swept away by water erosion, especially after Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita in 2005.
KGMC (TV)
KGMC (channel 43) is a television station licensed to Merced, California, United States, serving the Fresno area as an affiliate of the Spanish-language network Estrella TV. It is the flagship television property of owner Cocola Broadcasting, and is sister to eight low-power stations. KGMC's studios are located on West Herndon Avenue in the Pinedale area of Fresno, and its transmitter is located on Bald Mountain, south of Meadow Lakes in Fresno County.

A live simulcast of some of KGMC's non-network programming can be seen on the Cocola Broadcasting homepage.

Digital television transition in the United States
The digital television transition in the United States was the switchover from analog to exclusively digital broadcasting of terrestrial television programming. It was originally set for between December 31, 2006 and January 1, 2007, but was delayed several times due to multiple government acts being enforced on broadcasting companies. Full-power analog broadcasting ceased in most of the country on June 12, 2009, however, various aspects of analog television were continued up until 2022.
Philippine Science High School Zamboanga Peninsula Region Campus
Philippine Science High School - Zamboanga Peninsula Region Campus in Dipolog City (PSHS-ZRC) is a public secondary education institution in Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. As part of the Philippine Science High School System (PSHSS), PSHS-ZRC is intended to cater to students gifted in science and mathematics in Zamboanga Peninsula.

Philippine Science High School System
The Philippine Science High School System (Filipino: Sistemang Mataas na Paaralang Pang-agham ng Pilipinas) is a research-oriented and specialized public high school system in the Philippines that operates as an attached agency of the Philippine Department of Science and Technology.

The first school which later became the system's main campus was established in Quezon City on June 22, 1963 and began admitting students the following year. The system itself was institutionalized on February 12, 1998. It currently has 16 campuses across the Philippines.
Ende Gelände 2019
Ende Gelände 2019 was a series of large-scale events of a movement for climate justice in Germany.

As a continuation of the previous year's actions, the non-violent direct action civil disobedience events targeted the coal-fired power plants of RWE Power AG and demanded the "immediate fossil fuel phase-out" based on climate justice and climate change mitigation.

Between 21 and 23 June 2019, protests centered on the Garzweiler open pit mine of the Rhenish lignite mining area.

Protests also took place in the Lusatian lignite mining area between 29 November and 1 December 2019.

RWE
RWE AG is a German multinational energy company headquartered in Essen. It generates and trades electricity in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and the United States.

In July 2020, RWE completed a far-reaching asset swap deal with E.ON first announced in 2018, whereby the international renewable generation portfolio of E.ON and Innogy were transferred to RWE.
The Cost (The Wire)
"The Cost" is the tenth episode of the first season of the HBO original series The Wire. The episode was written by David Simon from a story by David Simon and Ed Burns and was directed by Brad Anderson. It originally aired on August 11, 2002.

Ellis Carver
Ellis Carver is a fictional character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by actor Seth Gilliam. Carver is a  former Sergeant of the Baltimore Police Department's Western District Drug Enforcement Unit. While initially matched to the simple-minded and brutish policing of his loyal partner and unfailing friend Thomas "Herc" Hauk, under the counsel of Major Colvin in the Western District, Carver incrementally matures into a reflective and generally upstanding officer, often drawing the ire of his Western District colleagues.
Mixture-space theorem
In microeconomic theory and decision theory, the Mixture-space theorem is a  utility-representation theorem for preferences defined over general mixture spaces.

The theorem generalizes the von Neumann–Morgenstern utility theorem and the usual utility-representation theorem for consumer preferences over . It was first proven by Israel Nathan Herstein and John Milnor in 1953, together with the introduction of the definition of a mixture space.

Preference
In psychology, economics and philosophy, preference is a technical term usually used in relation to choosing between alternatives. For example, someone prefers A over B if they would rather choose A than B. Preferences are central to decision theory because of this relation to behavior. Some methods such as Ordinal Priority Approach use preference relation for decision-making. As connative states, they are closely related to desires. The difference between the two is that desires are directed at one object while preferences concern a comparison between two alternatives, of which one is preferred to the other.

In insolvency, the term is used to determine which outstanding obligation the insolvent party has to settle first.
East Chiltington
East Chiltington is a village and civil parish in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is centred four miles (5.9 km) south-east of Burgess Hill and five miles (8 km) north-west of Lewes. It is a strip parish of 3.76 square miles (9.7 km2), stretching northward (south of Plumpton) from the crest of the South Downs. The village church is 13th century in origin; the vicar also has charge of two churches in Plumpton. Near the church there is a pub called The Jolly Sportsman. The Sussex Greensand Way, a Roman road, runs from east to west through the centre of the parish.

Eton College owns a 500 acre plot in the parish and in 2021 applied to build 3,000 homes in the area north of the railway line. The proposal has met with resistance from locals, citing amongst other things the risk to the biodiversity of the area.

There is no public access to the majority of the banks of Bevern Stream through East Chiltington.

Weald
The Weald (/ˈwiːld/) is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, West Sussex, East Sussex, and Kent. It has three parts, the sandstone "High Weald" in the centre, the clay "Low Weald" periphery and the Greensand Ridge, which stretches around the north and west of the Weald and includes its highest points. The Weald once was covered with forest and its name, Old English in origin, signifies "woodland". The term is still used, as scattered farms and villages sometimes refer to the Weald in their names.
Abelmoschus
Abelmoschus is a genus of about fifteen species of flowering plants in the mallow family (Malvaceae), native to tropical Africa, Asia and northern Australia. It was formerly included within Hibiscus, but is now classified as a distinct genus. The genus name derives from Arabic meaning 'father of musk' or 'source of musk' referring to the scented seeds.

The genus comprises annual and perennial herbaceous plants, growing to 2 m tall. The leaves are 10–40 cm long and broad, palmately lobed with 3-7 lobes, the lobes are very variable in depth, from barely lobed, to cut almost to the base of the leaf. The flowers are 4–8 cm diameter, with five white to yellow petals, often with a red or purple spot at the base of each petal. The fruit is a capsule, 5–20 cm long, containing numerous seeds.

Abelmoschus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Chionodes hibiscella which has been recorded on A. moschatus.

Malva
Malva is a genus of herbaceous or woody, annual, biennial, and perennial plants in the family Malvaceae.  It is one of several closely related genera in the family to bear the common English name mallow. The genus is widespread throughout the temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Europe.

The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed. The flowers are from 0.5–5 cm diameter, with five pink, lilac, purple or white petals.
Javier Germán
Javier Germán Cruz (born 15 June 1971), known as Javi Germán, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder. He spent the majority of his career with his hometown club Cádiz, making 226 appearances and scoring seven goals, including two goals in 38 La Liga matches.

1998 Segunda División B play-offs
The 1998 Segunda División B play-offs (Playoffs de Ascenso or Promoción de Ascenso) were the final playoffs for promotion from 1997–98 Segunda División B to the 1998–99 Segunda División. The four first placed teams in each of the four Segunda División B groups played the Playoffs de Ascenso and the four last placed teams in Segunda División were relegated to Segunda División B.

The teams play a league of four teams, divided into 4 groups.
The champion of each group is promoted to Segunda División.
Coxs River railway bridges, Wallerawang
The Coxs River railway bridges are two heritage-listed railway bridges that carry the Main Western Line over the Coxs River at Wallerawang, New South Wales, Australia. The bridges were designed by engineering staff of the New South Wales Government Railways and built in 1870 by day labour. The property is owned by Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Main Western railway line
The Main Western railway line (or Great Western Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs through the Blue Mountains, and Central West regions. It is 825 kilometres (513 mi) long, of which 484 kilometres (301 mi) is currently operational.
Silent Storm engine
Nival Interactive developed a proprietary game engine for its turn-based tactics video game Silent Storm. The engine was reused for Silent Storm: Sentinels, Night Watch, Hammer & Sickle and Day Watch. A modified version of this engine was used for Heroes of Might and Magic V. Akella used the engine for Jagged Alliance 3 in 2007 before that version of the game was cancelled in 2010.

Hammer & Sickle
Hammer & Sickle (Russian: Серп и Молот) is a tactical role-playing game for the PC, co-developed by the Russia-based companies Novik&Co and Nival Interactive and published by CDV in 2005. The game is set in the same universe (and runs on the same game engine) as Silent Storm, an earlier product by the same company.
Schignano
Schignano (Comasco: Schignàn [ʃkiˈɲãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Como, on the border with Switzerland.

Schignano borders the following municipalities: Argegno, Brienno, Breggia (Switzerland), Carate Urio, Centro Valle Intelvi, Cerano d'Intelvi, Dizzasco, Moltrasio.

Centro Valle Intelvi
Centro Valle Intelvi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy. It was created on 1 January 2018 after the merger of the former comuni of Casasco d'Intelvi, Castiglione d'Intelvi and San Fedele Intelvi.
Ninam, Satara
Ninam is a census village in Satara district, in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is a village surrounded by greenery and farms but also mountains. Agriculture is the main land use in the village with more than 75% of the total area being used for agricultural activities. The village close to historic Ajinkyatara fort, which is to the north. The large Jyotirlinga temple is in the center of the village.

Mahabaleshwar
Mahabaleshwar (pronunciationⓘ) is a small town and a municipal council in Satara district, Maharashtra, India. It is a place of pilgrimage because the Krishna River, which considered sacred by Hindus, has its origin here along with five of its tributaries. The British colonial rulers developed the town as a hill station, and it served as the summer capital of the Bombay Presidency during the colonial rule.
Heri Township, Qinghai
Heri Township (Mandarin: 和日乡) is a township under the jurisdiction of Zêkog County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Heri Township had a total population of 10,881: 5,563 males and 5,318 females: 3,354 aged under 14, 6,983 aged between 15 and 65 and 544 aged over 65.

Zêkog County
Zêkog County (Tibetan: རྩེ་ཁོག་རྫོང, Tibetan pronunciation: [tse˥˥ kʰo˥˨], Amdo Tibetan pronunciation: [(ʂ)tse kʰok]; Chinese: 泽库县) is the second largest administrative subdivision by area within Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in eastern Qinghai Province, China, bordering Gansu to the east. The county has an area of 6,658 square kilometres or 2,571 square miles and a population of ~50,000 (2001), mainly Tibetan. The county seat is the town of Chak Qu, whose altitude is approximately 3,700 metres or 12,100 feet above sea level.
Skrilje
Skrilje (pronounced [ˈskɾiːljɛ]) is a village in the Vipava Valley in the Municipality of Ajdovščina in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is divided into three smaller hamlets: Valiči, Ruštji, and  Bajči.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Margaret of Antioch and belongs to the Parish of Kamnje.

Kamnje, Ajdovščina
Kamnje (pronounced [ˈkaːmnjɛ]) is a village on the northern edge of the Vipava Valley in the Municipality of Ajdovščina in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Michael and belongs to the Koper Diocese.
Scheme (rhetoric)
In rhetoric, a scheme is a type of literary device that relies on the structure of a whole sentence, unlike a figure of speech or "trope", which plays with the meanings of words.

A single phrase may involve both a trope and a scheme, e.g., may use both alliteration and allegory.

Isocolon
Isocolon is a rhetorical scheme in which parallel elements possess the same number of words or syllables. As in any form of parallelism, the pairs or series must enumerate like things to achieve symmetry. The scheme is called bicolon, tricolon, or tetracolon depending on whether they are two, three, or four parallel elements.
Miss North Dakota
The Miss North Dakota competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of North Dakota in the Miss America pageant. The first Miss North Dakota to compete at Miss America was Kitty Page in 1949.  In 2017, Cara Mund became the first North Dakotan to win the Miss America title, when she won the Miss America 2018 pageant.

Kennedy DeLap of Bismarck was crowned Miss North Dakota 2025 on June 7, 2025, at Bakken Auditorium in Williston, North Dakota. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026.

Miss America award winners
The most frequently presented Miss America awards are for preliminary talent and swimsuit. The talent award was introduced in 1936, and the swimsuit award in 1940. In the 2000s, preliminary awards for evening gown and interview were briefly introduced but were discontinued after two years as it was felt that they made the semi-finalists too predictable.

Other awards include Miss Congeniality, given out in the early years of the pageant and re-introduced at Miss America 2006, and the Quality of Life Award for a contestant's platform, first awarded in 1989.
Pituitary apoplexy
Pituitary apoplexy is bleeding into or impaired blood supply of the pituitary gland. This usually occurs in the presence of a tumor of the pituitary, although in 80% of cases this has not been diagnosed previously. The most common initial symptom is a sudden headache, often associated with a rapidly worsening visual field defect or double vision caused by compression of nerves surrounding the gland. This is often followed by acute symptoms caused by lack of secretion of essential hormones, predominantly adrenal insufficiency.

The diagnosis is achieved with magnetic resonance imaging and blood tests. Treatment is by the timely correction of hormone deficiencies. In many cases, surgical decompression is required. Many people who have had a pituitary apoplexy develop pituitary hormone deficiencies and require long-term hormone supplementation. The first case of the disease was recorded in 1898.

Follicle-stimulating hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland and regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) work together in the reproductive system.
Feng Qi
Feng Qi (simplified Chinese: 冯祺; traditional Chinese: 馮祺; pinyin: Féng Qí) (born August 13, 1981 in Shanghai) is a former Chinese football player who spent the majority of his career playing for Shanghai Shenhua as a defender.

2003 Chinese Jia-A League
The 2003 Chinese Jia-A League season was the tenth season of professional association football and the 42nd top-tier overall league season in China. The league started on March 15 and ended on November 30, while in preparation for the rebranded Chinese Super League three teams were relegated at the end of the season.

Shanghai Shenhua finished as champions. However, they were later retrospectively stripped of the title on 19 February 2013 for match-fixing. Runners-up Shanghai International were also surrounded in their own match-fixing controversy, which saw several of their players taking bribes. Despite the club itself not being implicated in these crimes the season's title was not awarded to any club.
John Cawley (priest)
John Cawley (1632–1709) was an Anglican priest, who served as Archdeacon of Lincoln from 1667 until his death.

Cawley was the son of William Cawley the regicide and his first wife Catherine Walrond. He was born in Chichester and educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, graduating BA in 1652. He became a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford and held livings at Bradwell-on-Sea, Henley-on-Thames and Didcot.

His career was not without controversy. In 1669 he was attacked for being unworthy of clerical office. In 1687 he was suspended for simony, but later reinstated after he petitioned the Crown personally.

His burial monument in Henley was designed by Francis Bird.

He was married: his children included John, Henry, Walrond, George, Maria, William, Elizabeth, Catherine, James. Julia, Anna, Francis and Susannah, who married the celebrated painter Sir Godfrey Kneller.

Archdeacon of Lincoln
The Archdeacon of Lincoln is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Diocese of Lincoln – they have responsibilities within their archdeaconry (the ancient Archdeaconry of Lincoln) including oversight of church buildings and some supervision, discipline and pastoral care of the clergy.
Deseret Book Company
Deseret Book (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is an American publishing company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, that also operates a chain of 38 bookstores throughout the United States which includes: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Washington.  It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation (DMC), the holding company for business firms owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Deseret Book is a for-profit corporation registered in Utah. Deseret Book publishes under four imprints with media ranging from works explaining Latter-day Saint theology and doctrine, fiction, electronic resources, and sound recordings such, as The Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square albums.

The Work and the Glory
The Work and the Glory (also known as The Work and the Glory: Pillar of Light) is a 2004 historical fiction drama film directed by Russell Holt, from a script co-written by Gerald N. Lund and Russell Holt. Based on Lund's novel titled The Work and the Glory: Pillar of Light, the movie stars Sam Hennings, Brenda Strong, Eric Johnson, Alexander Carroll, Tiffany Dupont, and Jonathan Scarfe. It tells the story of the fictional Steed family in the 1820s and their struggles trying to adopt the new Mormon religion, and it explores their relationship with their community, with its founder, Joseph Smith and the rest of the Smith family.

The movie successfully launched the titular film series, which consisted of a trilogy.
San Juan, La Union
San Juan, officially the Municipality of San Juan (Ilocano: Ili ti San Juan; Filipino: Bayan ng San Juan), is a coastal municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 41,319 people.

It is known as the Surfing Capital of the North.

Dalandan
Dalandan, commonly named the sour orange to differentiate from other species, is a fruit. Dalandan grows on the Citrus nobilis, as the fruit is described as a hybrid between the Pomelo and the Mandarin orange. The fruit originated in Southeast Asia, until the 16th century when American explorers introduced the fruit to the Philippines, and it became widespread globally. Dalandan is used for health and culinary uses, such as weight loss, skin protection, and eyesight loss, and in the culinary sense as a condiment and a fruit paired with meals.