hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Noel Stagg
Commander Frank Noel Stagg, RN, (25 December 1884 in Tonbridge, Kent—25 October 1956 in London) was a Royal Navy officer known for his role in Danish and Norwegian resistance movements during the Second World War.

Staggs was a Naval Control Service Officer in Trondheim and Copenhagen before the war, and was connected with the Norwegian Section of Special Operations Executive from October 1940 to July 1942, He was the planner of the raid on the Lofoten Islands.

He was honoured for services to the Norwegian Navy at St Olav  on 17 October 1944.

Norwegian resistance movement
The Norwegian resistance (Norwegian: Motstandsbevegelsen) to the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany began after Operation Weserübung in 1940 and ended in 1945. It took several forms:

Asserting the legitimacy of the exiled government, and by implication the lack of legitimacy of Vidkun Quisling's pro-Nazi regime and Josef Terboven's military administration

The initial defence in Southern Norway, which was largely disorganised, but succeeded in allowing the government to escape capture

The more organised military defence and counter-attacks in parts of Western and Northern Norway, aimed at securing strategic positions and the evacuation of the government

Armed resistance, in the form of sabotage, commando raids, assassinations and other special operations during the occupation

Civil disobedience and unarmed resistance
Bad Mojo
Bad Mojo is a 1996 adventure game developed by Pulse Entertainment and published by Acclaim Entertainment for Windows and Macintosh. The game follows Roger Samms, an entomologist who accidentally unleashes a curse (the titular bad mojo) that turns him into a cockroach. The storyline in Bad Mojo is loosely based on Franz Kafka's 1915 novella The Metamorphosis; Roger Samms' name is an imperfect anagram of the lead character's in Metamorphosis (Gregor Samsa), and a cat called Franz appears in the game. The gameplay consists of guiding the cockroach through a series of puzzles.

Got Game Entertainment re-released the game in December 2004 as Bad Mojo Redux, packaging it with a DVD containing a variety of extra material.

Garbage disposal unit
A garbage disposal unit (also known as a waste disposal unit, food waste disposer (FWD), in-sink macerator, garbage disposer, or garburator) is a device, usually electrically powered, installed under a kitchen sink between the sink's drain and the trap.  The device shreds food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm (0.079 in) in diameter—to pass through plumbing.
Sulzberger Ice Shelf
Sulzberger Ice Shelf (77°00′S 148°00′W﻿ / ﻿77.000°S 148.000°W﻿ / -77.000; -148.000﻿ (Sulzberger Ice Shelf)) is an ice shelf about 85 nautical miles (157 km; 98 mi) long and 50 nautical miles (93 km; 58 mi) wide bordering the coast of Marie Byrd Land between Edward VII Peninsula and Guest Peninsula in Antarctica.

Richard E. Byrd
Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

Byrd claimed to be the first to reach both the North and South Poles by air. However, there is some controversy as to whether he was actually the first person to reach the North Pole. It is generally believed that the distance he claimed to have flown was longer than the possible fuel range of his airplane.

He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration, and the Navy Cross, the second highest honor for valor given by the U.S. Navy.
Luža, Trebnje
Luža (pronounced [ˈluːʒa], German: Lacken) is a small settlement near Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The Municipality of Trebnje is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Trebnje
Trebnje (pronounced [ˈtɾéːbnjɛ] ⓘ, German: Treffen) is a town in southeastern Slovenia. It lies on the Temenica River in the traditional region of Lower Carniola, and is the seat of the Municipality of Trebnje.

The area was already settled in Antiquity. The modern settlement developed on the main regional road and railway line from Ljubljana to Novo Mesto. The old town center with the parish church stands slightly raised on the left bank of Temenica River, and the new part extends to the north from the railway line and the regional road toward Novo Mesto.
Stercoral ulcer
Stercoral ulcer is an ulcer of the colon due to pressure and irritation resulting from severe, prolonged constipation due to a large bowel obstruction, damage to the autonomic nervous system, or stercoral colitis. It is most commonly located in the sigmoid colon and rectum. Prolonged constipation leads to production of fecaliths, leading to possible progression into a fecaloma. These hard lumps irritate the rectum and lead to the formation of these ulcers. It results in fresh bleeding per rectum (i.e. hematochezia). These ulcers may be seen on imaging, such as a CT scan but are more commonly identified using endoscopy, usually a colonoscopy. Treatment modalities can include both surgical and non-surgical techniques.

Hematochezia
Hematochezia is a form of blood in stool, in which fresh blood passes through the anus while defecating. It differs from melena, which commonly refers to blood in stool originating from upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). The term derives from Greek αἷμα ("blood") and χέζειν ("to defaecate"). Hematochezia is commonly associated with lower gastrointestinal bleeding, but may also occur from a brisk upper gastrointestinal bleed. The difference between hematochezia and rectorrhagia is that rectal bleeding is not associated with defecation; instead, it is associated with expulsion of fresh bright red blood without stools. The phrase bright red blood per rectum is associated with hematochezia and rectorrhagia.
Palasport Primo Carnera
Palasport Primo Carnera is an indoor sporting arena located in Udine, Italy.  The capacity of the arena is 3,850 people. It is currently home of the APU Udine basketball team. It is named after former world heavyweight boxing champion Primo Carnera, who was born in Sequals, near Udine.

The Palasport Primo Carnera will host many games of the 2017 FIBA Under-19 Women's Basketball World Cup, including the final.

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.
Cardea
Cardea or Carda was the ancient Roman goddess of the hinge (Latin cardo, cardinis), Roman doors being hung on pivot hinges. The Augustan poet Ovid conflates her with another archaic goddess named Carna, whose festival was celebrated on the first day of June and for whom he gives the alternative name Cranê or Cranea, a nymph. Ovid's conflation of the goddesses is likely to have been his poetic invention, but it has also been conjectured that Carna was a contracted form of Cardina, and at minimum Ovid was observing that their traditions were congruent.

Glossary of ancient Roman religion
The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized. Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans. This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Christian Church. This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.

For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities. For public religious holidays, see Roman festivals. For temples see the List of Ancient Roman temples. Individual landmarks of religious topography in ancient Rome are not included in this list; see Roman temple.
Sant Joan de Vilatorrada
Sant Joan de Vilatorrada (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsaɲ ʒuˈan də ˌβilətuˈraðə]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Bages in Catalonia, Spain. It is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) away from Barcelona.

The town of Sant Joan de Vilatorrada is located at 3 km. from Manresa, the capital of the Bages comarca (county). The municipal limits are: in the North Sant Mateu de Bages and Callús, in the Northeast Santpedor; in the East Sant Fruitós de Bages, in the South-east Manresa and in the West Fonollosa.

In addition to the main namesake town, the municipality also contains the population entities of Sant Martí de Torroella and Joncadella.

Fonollosa
Fonollosa (Catalan pronunciation: [funuˈʎozə]) is a municipality in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 51.67 square kilometres (19.95 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 1,429.
2018 Iowa House of Representatives election
The 2018 Iowa House of Representative elections took place on November 6, 2018, to elect representatives from all 100 districts. The winners would serve in the 88th General Assembly, apportioned among the states based on the 2010 United States census. The Republican Party retained control of the House, while the Democratic Party gained a net of five seats.

The elections for Iowa's four congressional districts, governor, lieutenant governor, statewide officeholders, and the Iowa Senate were also held on this date.

2018 Iowa elections
The 2018 Iowa elections were held in the U.S. state of Iowa on November 6, 2018. A closed primary election was held on June 5, 2018. All of Iowa's executive officers were up for election, as well as all four of Iowa's seats in the United States House of Representatives, 25 (half) of the seats in the Iowa Senate, and all 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives.
Pistolerismo
Pistolerismo refers both to a specific period of Spanish history, between the general strike of August 1917 and Primo de Rivera's coup in September 1923, and to the social phenomenon spread in many areas of Spain during which Spanish employers hired thugs to intimidate and often attack trade unionists and notable workers – and vice versa. It was characterized by the birth and proliferation of several armed groups composed of pistoleros ("gunfighters"), men specialized in the use of violence.

It reached its most tragic consequences in the region of Catalonia and especially in the city of Barcelona, where hundreds of people were killed or injured as consequence of political violence and social attacks. Above all, social clashes of these years played a fundamental role in the crisis of the Spanish Liberal State, whose existence definitely finished with de Rivera's coup.

Conservative Party (Spain)
The Conservative Party (Spanish: Partido Conservador), officially the Liberal Conservative Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal-Conservador, PLC) and colloquially the Conservatives (Spanish: Conservadores), was a Spanish political party founded in 1876 by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo.
Interstate 135
Interstate 135 (I-135) is an approximately 95.7-mile-long (154.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in central and south-central Kansas, United States. I-135, which is signed as north–south, runs between I-35 and the Kansas Turnpike in Wichita north to I-70, U.S. Highway 40 (US-40), and US-81 in Salina. Except for the first 0.46 miles (0.74 km), I-135 overlaps US-81 its entire length. The route also runs through the cities of McPherson, Newton, and Park City.

The highway was designated as Interstate 35W (I-35W) until September 1976, when it was renumbered as I-135 to conform to new AASHTO policies that eliminated most suffixed Interstate Highways. It is currently the longest three-digit spur with an odd first digit in the Interstate System.

U.S. Route 40 in Kansas
U.S. Route 40 (US-40) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from Interstate 80 (I-80) and US-189 in Silver Summit, Utah east to US-322 and Ocean Drive in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In the U.S. state of Kansas, US-40 is a main east–west highway that runs from the Colorado border east to the Missouri border. The highway is concurrent with Interstate 70 (I-70) from Oakley to Topeka, and again through Kansas City.
Lielvārde Castle
Lielvārde Castle (Lielvārde bishop's castle) is a castle in Lielvārde, a town in Ogre Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia.The castle was built at the steep bank of Daugava River, overseeing this important medieval waterway, before 1248 by Albert of Buxthoeven, an archbishop of Riga. During the Livonian War, Lielvārde Castle was destroyed by Russian troops in 1579. Its ruins are conserved up to the level of the second floor.

Ogre Municipality
Ogre Municipality (Latvian: Ogres novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2002 by merging Ogre town and Ogresgals Parish. In 2009 it absorbed Krape Parish, Ķeipene Parish, Laubere Parish, Madliena Parish, Mazozoli Parish, Meņģele Parish, Suntaži Parish and Taurupe Parish, the administrative centre being Ogre. The population in 2021 was 57,617.

During the 2021 Latvian administrative reform, the previous municipality was merged with Ikšķile Municipality, Ķegums Municipality and Lielvārde Municipality. The new municipality now fully corresponds with the area of the former Ogre district.
Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Atlantic
The Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Atlantic (PIRATA) is a system of moored observation buoys in the tropical Atlantic Ocean which collect meteorological and oceanographic data. The data collected by the PIRATA array helps scientists to better understand climatic events in the Tropical Atlantic and to improve weather forecasting and climate research worldwide. Climatic and oceanic events in the tropical Atlantic, such as the Tropical Atlantic SST Dipole affect rainfall and climate in both West Africa and Northeast Brazil. The northern tropical Atlantic is also a major formation area for hurricanes affecting the West Indies and the United States. Alongside the RAMA array in the Indian Ocean and the TAO/TRITON network in the Pacific Ocean, PIRATA forms part of the worldwide system of tropical ocean observing buoys.

Tropical Atlantic SST Dipole
The Tropical Atlantic SST Dipole refers to a cross-equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) pattern that appears dominant on decadal timescales. It has a period of about 12 years, with the SST anomalies manifesting their most pronounced features around 10–15 degrees of latitude off of the Equator. It is also referred to as the interhemispheric SST gradient or the Meridional Atlantic mode.

This decadal-scale SST pattern constitutes one of the key features of SST variability in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean.  Another one is the Atlantic Equatorial Mode, which occurs in the zonal (east-west) direction at interannual timescales, with sea surface temperature and heat content anomalies being observed in the eastern equatorial basin. Its importance in climate dynamics and decadal-scale climate prediction is evident when investigating its impact on adjacent continental regions such as the Northeast Brazil, the Sahel as well as its influence on North Atlantic cyclogenesis.
Cirebon Regency
Cirebon Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java Province of Indonesia. The town of Sumber is its regency seat. It covers 1,076.76 km2 and had a population of 2,068,116 at the 2010 census and 2,270,621 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 2,387,961 (comprising 1,208,758 males and 1,179,203 females). These area and population figures exclude those of Cirebon City, which is a separate administration, although totally surrounded by the regency on its landward side.

The Cirebon region is renowned for the production of various types of mangoes. There are plans to support the expansion of mango production in the region both for export as well as for the domestic market. Mango production is currently concentrated in just a few parts of the regency. Local farmers and officials believe there is considerable potential to expand production to other nearby parts of the locality.

Sunan Gunungjati
Sunan Gunungjati (born: Syarif Hidayatullah (Arabic: شريف هداية  الله, Sharīf Hidāyah Allāh); 1448–1568) was one of the Wali Songo or nine saints of Islam revered in Indonesia for the propagation of Islam as the dominant religion in the region. He founded the Sultanate of Banten and the Sultanate of Cirebon on the north coast of Java.
David McNee
Sir David Blackstock McNee QPM (23 March 1925 – 26 April 2019) was a Scottish police officer who was Chief Constable of the City of Glasgow Police (later Strathclyde Police) from 1971 to 1977, and then Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police from 1977 to 1982.

Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis
The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis is the head of London's Metropolitan Police Service. Sir Mark Rowley was appointed to the post on 8 July 2022 after Dame Cressida Dick announced her resignation in February 2022.

The rank of Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police is generally regarded as the highest in British policing. Although authority is generally confined to the Metropolitan Police Service's area of operation, the Metropolitan Police District, the Metropolitan Police also has certain national responsibilities such as leading counter-terrorism policing and protection of the royal family and senior members of the government.

The commissioner is directly accountable to the Home Secretary, the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime, and the mayor of London.
1991 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 1991 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the third edition of the women's field hockey championship organised by the European Hockey Federation. It was held in Brussels, Belgium from May 1–10, 1991. England won the final against Germany, winning their first European title with the help of two goals from striker Jane Sixsmith.

Women's EuroHockey Championship
The Women's EuroHockey Championship is an international women's field hockey competition organized by the European Hockey Federation (EHF) for the top eight European national teams. It is the top division of the EuroHockey Championships. The inaugural tournament took place in 1984. When the tournament is held close to the Summer Olympic games or the Women's Hockey World Cup, the winner of the tournament is awarded a place in those competitions.
VZV immune globulin
In medicine, varicella zoster virus globulin (VZV globulin), VZV antibodies, zoster immunoglobulin (ZIG), varicella zoster immune globulin (Vzig or Varizig), is an immune system medication that is used mostly for immunosuppressed patients who have been or may be exposed to the varicella zoster virus (VZV).

Immunosuppression
Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system. Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse reaction to treatment of other conditions.

In general, deliberately induced immunosuppression is performed to prevent the body from rejecting an organ transplant. Additionally, it is used for treating graft-versus-host disease after a bone marrow transplant, or for the treatment of auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's disease, or Crohn's disease. This is typically done using medications, but may involve surgery (splenectomy), plasmapheresis, or radiation. A person who is undergoing immunosuppression, or whose immune system is weak for some other reasons (such as chemotherapy or HIV), is said to be immunocompromised.
Tugou
Tugou (Chinese: 土狗; pinyin: tǔ gǒu; lit. 'indigenous dog') is a diverse group of dogs native to China and still abundant across the country today. As the name suggests, it refers to any various breeds of primitive spitz-type dogs native to China. Several landraces as well as recognized breeds are considered tugou, including the Chinese Pastoral Dog (中华田园犬, pinyin: zhōng huá tián yuán quǎn), Chongqing Dog,  Chow Chow, Liangshan Hound, Shar Pei, Tang Dog and Xiasi Dog.

Tang Dog
The Tang Dog (唐狗) is an ancient medium-sized dog breed indigenous to southern China. Tang dogs are prized as a companion and watch dog but are also occasionally used for hunting and as meat dogs. The breed is named for the Tang Dynasty, a period of prosperity in China.
Henry Sanchez
Henry Sanchez, also known as Henpunt, is a goofy-footed former professional skateboarder from the San Francisco Bay, California. Sanchez gained widespread recognition for his part in Blind Skateboards' "Tim and Henry's Pack of Lies" (1992) with Tim Gavin, Rudy Johnson, Brian Lotti, and Guy Mariano. He appeared on the cover of Thrasher (magazine) in July 1993.From his sponsorship by Spitfire and Thunder, which came about in a humorous and unexpected way, to his appearance on the cover of Thrasher magazine.  Henry's influence and skill were impossible to ignore.

Brian Lotti
Brian Lotti (born 1972, Okinawa, Japan) is an American professional skateboarder, film-maker, and visual artist. Lotti rose to fame in the skateboarding world in the late 1980s while riding for H-Street Skateboards. He is known for his fluid skateboarding style and inventing the "Big Spin" skateboard trick.
Superior Creek
Superior Creek was a stream draining into Lake Ontario in the former village of Mimico, Ontario, Canada.
It was approximately 3 kilometers long, with headwaters near the present intersection of Kipling Avenue and The Queensway.
The lower reaches of the creek had become polluted, and were buried in a sewer in 1915.
In 1954, citizens of Mimico living in newly built houses near the upper reaches complained that the creek flooded, and lobbied to have the creek replaced by storm sewers, and a study was prepared.  According to HTO: Toronto's water from Lake Iroquois to lost rivers to low-flow toilets, the creek was buried around 1965.

The creek west of Superior Creek was Jackson Creek, while the creek east of Superior Creek was Mimico Creek.

Mimico Creek
Mimico Creek is a stream that flows through Brampton, Mississauga and Toronto in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. It is 33 kilometres (21 mi) long, is in the Great Lakes Basin, and is a tributary of Lake Ontario.

The creek's name is derived from the community of Mimico, which is from the Ojibwe word omiimiikaa meaning "abundant with wild pigeons" (cf. 19th century Mississaugas omiimii, "pigeon"). Previous names included River Mimicoke and Mimicoke Creek.
Upper Radstowe
Upper Radstowe was a fictional place used by the novelist E. H. Young.

It was based on Clifton, a fashionable inner district of the city of Bristol in South West England.

Upper Radstowe was the setting for seven novels:

The Misses Mallett (1922)

William (1925)

Miss Mole (1930)

Jenny Wren (1932)

The Curate’s Wife (1934)

Celia (1937)

Chatterton Square (1947)

Clifton, Bristol
Clifton is an inner suburb of Bristol, England, and the name of one of the city's thirty-five electoral wards. The Clifton ward also includes the areas of Cliftonwood and Hotwells. The eastern part of the suburb lies within the ward of Clifton Down.

Clifton is home to Isambard Kingdom Brunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge; many buildings of the University of Bristol, including Goldney Hall; the Roman Catholic Clifton Cathedral; Christ Church, Clifton Down; Clifton College; Clifton High School; the former Amberley House preparatory school; Queen Elizabeth's Hospital School and The Clifton Club. It is also noted for the Downs, a large, open park.