hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beitaipingzhuang Subdistrict
Beitaipingzhuang Subdistrict (Chinese: 北太平庄街道; pinyin: Běitàipíngzhuāng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located in Haidian District, Beijing, China. It borders Huayuan Road Subdistrict to the northeast, Desheng Subdistrict to the east, Zhanlan Road and Xinjiekou Subdistricts to the south, Zhongguancun and Beixiaguan Subdistrict to the west. According to the results of the 2020 census, the population of Beitaipingzhuang was 163,920.

The name Beitaipingzhuang (Chinese: 北太平庄; pinyin: Běitàipíngzhuāng) refers to its location north of Taipingzhuang, a once-existed village that was founded by refugees fleeing from the Oirats' siege of Beijing in 1449.

Beixiaguan Subdistrict
Beixiaguan Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 北下关街道; traditional Chinese: 北下關街道; pinyin: Běixiàguān Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located in the southeastern part of the Haidian District, Beijing.

Beijing Jiaotong University is situated in this area. As of 2021, it had 146,366 residents within its borders.

The region was named Beixiaguan (Chinese: 北下关; lit. 'North Below Pass') for its location outside of North Pass of the Xizhimen.
Packhorse
A packhorse, pack horse, or sumpter is a horse, mule, donkey, or pony used to carry goods on its back, usually in sidebags or panniers. Typically packhorses are used to cross difficult terrain, where the absence of roads prevents the use of wheeled vehicles.  Use of packhorses dates back to the Neolithic period.  Today, westernized nations primarily use packhorses for recreational pursuits, but they are still an important part of everyday transportation of goods throughout much of the developing world and have some military uses in rugged regions.

Outfitter
An outfitter is a shop or person that sells specialized clothes (an outfit is a set of clothing). More specifically, it is a company or individual who provides or deals in equipment and supplies for the pursuit of certain activities.

In North America, the term is most closely associated with outdoor activities such as hunting, fishing, canoeing, hiking, rafting and trail riding using pack stations. In this context, outfitters include those that offer services for outdoor tourism including accommodations and guide services. Many retail stores and chains that sell outdoor sports gear call themselves "outfitters", such as: Bass Pro Shops, Cabela's, Mountain Equipment Co-op, and REI (Recreational Equipment Inc.).
Arthur J. Finkelstein
Arthur Jay Finkelstein (May 18, 1945 – August 18, 2017) was a New York state–based Republican Party (GOP) consultant who worked for conservative and right-wing candidates in the United States, Canada, Israel, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe over four decades.

Finkelstein and his brother Ronald ran a political consulting firm in Irvington, New York, where he focused on polling, strategy, messaging, media, and campaign management.

Gordon Hensley
Gordon H. Hensley is a Republican consultant and long-time advisor to senate and presidential campaigns, specializing in communications strategy, speechwriting, and press relations. He is the owner of sm/c/p Inc., based in Alexandria, Virginia, and a partner at Health Media Management Group LLC. In December 2016, his name was advanced by associates of Donald Trump for a senior communications post in the Trump Administration. Instead, Hensley continued his work for health-care clients, until May 2020, when he accepted appointment as a senior public affairs adviser at the US Department of Health & Human Services.

Hensley is also a board member of Headcount.org, a non-partisan, New York City-based voter-registration group, together with the former Obama White House chief of staff Peter Rouse, deputy White House chief of staff Alyssa Mastromonaco and Bob Weir, a founding member of the Grateful Dead.
2014 IPC Athletics European Championships – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres at the 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships was held at the Swansea University Stadium from 18–23 August. There were only final events taken place; no heats events were contested.

2014 IPC Athletics European Championships
The 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe, plus Azerbaijan and Israel. It was held in Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom and lasted from 18 to 23 August. The competition was staged at Swansea University Stadium. Approximately 550 athletes from 37 countries attended the games.

Russia won the Games atop the medal table with 41 Gold medals, and also collected the greatest overall medal haul with 88. The host nation, Britain, finished third. Of the 37 competing nations, 34 managed to achieve a podium finish. There were seven world records set and a further seven European records, in a games that was beset by difficult weather conditions throughout the tournament.
Kyaw Zaw
Kyaw Zaw (Burmese: ‌ကျော်ဇော, [tɕɔ̀ zɔ́]; 3 December 1919 – 10 October 2012) was one of the founders of the Tatmadaw (the modern Burmese Army) and a member of the Thirty Comrades who trained in Japan in the struggle for independence from Britain. He was also one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Burma, and had lived in exile in Yunnan Province, China, since 1989 after retiring from politics.

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Hierarchical constraint satisfaction
In artificial intelligence and operations research, hierarchical constraint satisfaction (HCS) is a method of handling constraint satisfaction problems where the variables have large domains by exploiting their internal structure.

For many real-world problems the domain elements cluster together into sets with common properties and relations. This structure can be represented as a hierarchy and is partially ordered on the subset of a relation. The expectation is that the domains are structured so that the elements of a set frequently share consistency properties permitting them to be retained or eliminated as a unit. Thus, if some elements of a set satisfy a constraint, but not all, the subsets of the set are considered. In this way, if no elements of a set can satisfy the constraint the whole set can be discarded. Thus, structuring the domain helps in considering sets of elements all at a time and hence helps in pruning the search space more quickly.

Constraint (mathematics)
In mathematics, a constraint is a condition of an optimization problem that the solution must satisfy. There are several types of constraints—primarily equality constraints, inequality constraints, and integer constraints. The set of candidate solutions that satisfy all constraints is called the feasible set.
Długie, Radomsko County
Długie [ˈdwuɡʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lgota Wielka, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Lgota Wielka, 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Radomsko, and 74 km (46 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Lgota Wielka, Łódź Voivodeship
Lgota Wielka [ˈlɡɔta ˈvjɛlka] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Lgota Wielka. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Radomsko and 72 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Watkins Landrace Wheat Collection
The A E Watkins Landrace Wheat Collection is a collection of heritage (landrace) varieties of wheat from around the world which are adapted to their local growing environment, the collection was collected in the 1930s and contains materials from 32 countries.

The genetic diversity of the wheat in the collection is greater than found in modern varieties, and so this historical collection is being explored as a source of genetic diversity for key traits, such as disease resistance. The collection is now stored within the Germplasm Resources Unit at the John Innes Centre in Norwich.

John Innes Centre
The John Innes Centre (JIC), located in Norwich, Norfolk, England, is an independent centre for research and training in plant and microbial science founded in 1910. It is a registered charity (No 223852) grant-aided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the European Research Council (ERC) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and is a member of the Norwich Research Park. In 2017, the John Innes Centre was awarded a gold Athena SWAN Charter award.
St. Peter's Episcopal Church (Ripon, Wisconsin)
St. Peter's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Ripon, Wisconsin, in the Diocese of Fond du Lac.
The parish also operates a chapel of ease, St Mary's, in Wautoma.

The parish church was added to the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural significance in 1974.

Ripon, Wisconsin
Ripon (/ˈrɪpən/ RIH-pən) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 7,863 at the 2020 census. The city is surrounded by the Town of Ripon.

Ripon is home to the Little White Schoolhouse, where the Republican Party was founded.
Phenylpropanoic acid
Phenylpropanoic acid or hydrocinnamic acid is a carboxylic acid with the formula C9H10O2 belonging to the class of phenylpropanoids. It is a white, crystalline solid with a sweet, floral scent at room temperature. Phenylpropanoic acid has a wide variety of uses including cosmetics, food additives, and pharmaceuticals.

Phenylpropanoid
The phenylpropanoids are a diverse family of organic compounds that are biosynthesized by plants from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine in the shikimic acid pathway. Their name is derived from the six-carbon, aromatic phenyl group and the three-carbon propene tail of coumaric acid, which is the central intermediate in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.  From 4-coumaroyl-CoA emanates the biosynthesis of myriad natural products including lignols (precursors to lignin and lignocellulose), flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, aurones, stilbenes, catechin, and phenylpropanoids. The coumaroyl component is produced from cinnamic acid.

Phenylpropanoids are found throughout the plant kingdom, where they serve as essential components of a number of structural polymers, provide protection from ultraviolet light, defend against herbivores and pathogens, and also mediate plant-pollinator interactions as floral pigments and scent compounds.
Tomohiko Hashimoto
Tomohiko Hashimoto (橋本友彦, Hashimoto Tomohiko; August 16, 1977 – August 5, 2025) was a Japanese professional wrestler, judoka and mixed martial artist, best known for his time with Dramatic Dream Team (DDT), where he competed as a mainstay from 2000 to 2006. After working as a freelancer on the Japanese independent circuit for many years, mostly at Apache Pro-Wrestling Army, in 2017 he began promoting its successor promotion, Pro-Wrestling A-Team.

FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship
The FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship was a championship in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling. It was initially active from May 1996 until May 1999. The title was abandoned by Shoichi Arai on November 20, 1998 and presented to the departing Atsushi Onita as a tribute to Onita for founding FMW and taking the company to a major level. The title was replaced in July 1999 with the WEW 6-Man Tag Team Championship.

On October 30, 2015, it was announced that the FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship will be reactivated for the newly-resurrected FMW promotion. The new champions were determined on December 22. The title was again deactivated in October 2016.
Sergio Díaz (footballer, born 1998)
Sergio Ismael Díaz Velázquez (born 5 March 1998) is a Paraguayan professional footballer who plays as a forward.

Díaz ranked number one in a list of the most expensive players in Paraguayan football for 2015 published by Diario Extra.

APF División de Honor
The División de Honor or División Profesional de la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol (locally [diβiˈsjom pɾofesjoˈnal de la asosjaˈsjom paɾaˈɣwaʝa ðe ˈfuðβol]; "Professional Division of the Paraguayan Football Association"), or due to sponsorship reasons Copa de Primera Tigo – ueno bank, is the top-flight professional football league in Paraguay. Currently, there are 12 teams in the first division.

The most successful club is Olimpia, with 47 championships. Cerro Porteño are the most recent champions, having won the 2025 Clausura tournament. As of 2022, IFFHS ranked the league as the 10th strongest in the world and 3rd in South America.
Black Book of the Exchequer
The Black Book of the Exchequer (Latin: Liber Niger Scaccarii) or Little Black Book (Liber Niger Parvus) is a collection of documents compiled for the English Exchequer early in the reign of King John (1199–1216) and now preserved in manuscript in the Public Record Office. It is usually attributed to Alexander of Swerford, who later compiled the Red Book of the Exchequer, including much of the same material.

The Black Book contains the will of Henry I, several treaties, papal bulls, the Cartae Baronum, an account of the royal household in Henry II's reign and a few other matters. The book illustrates the feudal arrangement of England, the distribution of knights' fees and serjeanties, the obligation of military service and the like topics. It was first printed in 1728 by Thomas Hearne.

The Black Book of the Exchequer should not be confused with the Black Book of the Treasury of Receipt, which contains the Dialogus de Scaccario.

Feudalism in England
Feudalism as practised in the Kingdom of England during the medieval period was a system of political, military, and socio-economic organisation based on land tenure. Designed to consolidate power and direct the wealth of the land to the king while providing military service to his causes, feudal society was structured around hierarchical relationships involving land ownership and obligations. These landholdings were known as fiefs, fiefdoms, or fees.
WXTA
WXTA (97.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Edinboro, Pennsylvania, and broadcasting to the Erie radio market. Owned by Cumulus Media, WXTA airs a country music radio format branded as "Erie Country 97.9".  The station carries the syndicated morning drive time show Dallas and Kincaid from co-owned WKHX-FM Atlanta.  WXTA's studios are at 471 Robison Road West in Erie.

WXTA has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 10,000 watts.  The transmitter is near Oliver Road and Golden Road in McKean.

WKHX-FM
WKHX-FM (101.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Marietta, Georgia, featuring a country music format known as "New Country 101.5". Owned by Cumulus Media, the station serves Metro Atlanta. It is the flagship station for the syndicated wake up show Kincaid and Dallas.  WKHX-FM's studios are located in Sandy Springs

WKHX-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations.  The transmitter is off Briarcliff Road NE (Georgia State Route 42), west of Emory University, in North Druid Hills.  WKHX-FM broadcasts using HD Radio technology.
2007 UNAF Women's Club Tournament
The 2007 UNAF Women's Club Tournament is the first edition of the UNAF Women's Club Tournament. The clubs from Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia faced off for the title. The moroccan team FC Berrechid wins the tournament.

UNAF Women's Club Tournament
The UNAF Women's Club Tournament (Arabic: دورة إتحاد شمال إفريقيا للأندية للسيدات) is an international club women's association football club competition run by the Union of North African Football Federations (UNAF). The top club sides from North Africa's football women's leagues are invited to participate in this competition.
Scouting and Guiding in Luxembourg
Scouting and Guiding in Luxembourg is served by several different organizations:

Scouting in Luxembourg, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement
Fédération Nationale des Eclaireurs et Eclaireuses du Luxembourg
Lëtzebuerger Guiden a Scouten, also member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Royal Rangers Luxembourg

Former associations include

Bureau de Liaison des Associations Guides du Luxembourg

Association des Girl Guides Luxembourgeoises

Association des Girl Guides Luxembourgeoises
The Association des Girl Guides Luxembourgeoises (AGGL, Association of Luxembourgish Girl Guides) was a Guiding association in Luxembourg. The association was founded in 1916 under the name Les Guides de Luxembourg and closed down in 2014. The interreligious and coeducational association served about 220 members in 2008.

The AGGL was among the founder members of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) in 1928. In 1960, the membership was transferred to the Bureau de Liaison des Associations Guides du Luxembourg, formed by the AGGL and the Lëtzebuerger Guiden (since 1994 Lëtzebuerger Guiden a Scouten).

After some years of declining membership, AGGL moved its remaining members into the Federation Nationale des Eclaireurs et Eclaireuses du Luxembourg in 2014 and terminated its activities.
Vladan Matijević
Vladan Matijević (Serbian-Cyrillic: Владан Матијевић; born 16 November 1962 in Čačak, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Serbian writer. He worked for eighteen years as an engineer in Pančevo's chemical base factory before completing his university education, graduating in Philosophy. Since 2005, he has been director of Nadežda Petrović Gallery in his native town, where he lives with his two daughters. He is a widower, his deceased wife Sonja's grandmother was Combat Veteran of Partizan Brigade in Bor, who saved the life of her later husband Imre Tiszmer.

Aleksandar Tišma
Aleksandar Tišma (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Тишма; 16 January 1924 – 16 February 2003) was a Serbian writer, best known for his "Novi Sad" trilogy of novels: The Book of Blam (1972), The Use of Man (1976), and Kapo (1987).
Vertex (curve)
In the geometry of plane curves, a vertex is a point of where the first derivative of curvature is zero. This is typically a local maximum or minimum of curvature, and some authors define a vertex to be more specifically a local extremum of curvature. However, other special cases may occur, for instance when the second derivative is also zero, or when the curvature is constant. For space curves, on the other hand, a vertex is a point where the torsion vanishes.

Torsion of a curve
In geometry and kinematics, the torsion of a curve measures how sharply it is twisting out of the osculating plane.  Taken together, the curvature and the torsion of a space curve are analogous to the curvature of a plane curve. For example, they are coefficients in the system of differential equations for the Frenet frame given by the Frenet–Serret formulas.
Aonyx
Aonyx is a genus of otters, containing three species, the African clawless otter, the Congo clawless otter, and the Asian small-clawed otter. 
The word aonyx means "clawless", derived from the prefix a- ("without") and onyx ("claw/hoof").

African clawless otter
The African clawless otter (Aonyx capensis), also known as the Cape clawless otter or groot otter, is the second-largest freshwater otter species. It inhabits permanent water bodies in savannah and lowland forest areas through most of sub-Saharan Africa. It is characterised by partly webbed and clawless feet, from which their name is derived. The word 'aonyx' means clawless, derived from the prefix a- ("without") and onyx ("claw/hoof").
Lexington Market station (Metro SubwayLink)
Lexington Market station is an underground Metro SubwayLink station in Baltimore, Maryland. It is one of 14 stops in the downtown Baltimore area. The station is a transportation hub, a designated transfer station to the Light RailLink Lexington Market station. The station is also served by a number of bus lines.

Downtown Baltimore
Downtown Baltimore is the central business district of the city of Baltimore traditionally bounded by Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard to the west, Franklin Street to the north, President Street to the east and the Inner Harbor area to the south.

In 1904, downtown Baltimore was almost destroyed by a huge fire with damages estimated at $150 million. Since the City of Baltimore was chartered in 1796, this downtown nucleus has been the focal point of business in the Baltimore metropolitan area.  It has also increasingly become a heavily populated neighborhood with over 37,000 residents and new condominiums and apartment homes being built steadily.
Electric Loco Shed, Ghaziabad
Electric Loco Shed, Ghaziabad is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Ghaziabad Junction of the Northern Railway zone in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is one of the two electric locomotive sheds of the Northern Railway, the others being at Ludhiana (LDH) .

Electric Loco Shed, Ludhiana
Electric Loco Shed, Ludhiana is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Ludhiana Junction of the Northern Railway zone in Punjab, India.
2021 Northern Mystics season
The 2021 Northern Mystics season saw Northern Mystics compete in the 2021 ANZ Premiership. With a team coached by Helene Wilson, captained by Sulu Fitzpatrick and featuring Ama Agbeze, Bailey Mes and Grace Nweke, Mystics won their first ever premiership. After finishing the regular season as minor premiers, they defeated Mainland Tactix 61–59 in the grand final.

2021 ANZ Premiership season
The 2021 ANZ Premiership season was the fifth season of Netball New Zealand's ANZ Premiership. With a team coached by Helene Wilson, captained by Sulu Fitzpatrick and featuring Ama Agbeze, Bailey Mes and Grace Nweke, Northern Mystics won their first ever premiership. Mystics finished the regular season as minor premiers, above Southern Steel and Mainland Tactix. In the Elimination final, Tactix defeated Steel 54–49. 
In the Grand final, Mystics defeated Tactix 61–59.
Member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is an international alliance that consists of 10 member states and 2 observers from Eurasia. It was established on 26 April 1996 as the Shanghai Five.
In addition to the 10 member states and 2 observers, the SCO currently has 14 dialogue partners and 4 guest attendance entries.

Member state
A member state is a state that is a member of an international organization or of a federation or confederation.

Since the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) include some members that are not sovereign states, neither organization ever speaks of "member states". The WTO has simply "members" (see WTO members), and the IMF refers to its members as "member countries".

The oldest global member state based organization is the International Telecommunication Union, which joined the United Nations System as a specialized agency after the creation of the UN.