hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bengt Algotsson
Bengt Algotsson (Latin: Benedictus, d. 1360) was a Swedish nobleman and a favourite of King Magnus Eriksson. A member of the high nobility with royal ancestry, he rose quickly in rank. After serving as a squire on Magnus's crusade against Novgorod in 1350, he was knighted in 1351, appointed to the Privy Council in 1352, and made duke of Finland and Halland around 1353–55. He is the only non-royal in Swedish history to have been granted a ducal title.

His extraordinary advancement and the king's anti-aristocratic policies and increased taxation, enforced by Bengt, provoked strong hostility among the other magnates. They rebelled in 1356, forcing Bengt into exile and raising Magnus's son Erik as co-king. Although Magnus was compelled to swear that Bengt would never return, he re-entered Scania in 1360 and was killed.

Lawspeaker
A lawspeaker or lawman (Swedish: lagman, Old Swedish: laghmaþer or laghman, Danish: lovsigemand, Norwegian: lagmann, Icelandic: lög(sögu)maður [ˈlœɣ(ˌsœːɣʏ)ˌmaːðʏr̥], Faroese: løgmaður, Finnish: laamanni, Greenlandic: inatsitinuk) is a unique Scandinavian legal office. It has its basis in a common Germanic oral tradition, where wise people were asked to recite the law, but it was only in Scandinavia that the function evolved into an office. At first, lawspeakers represented the people, and their duties and authority were connected to the assemblies (things). For most of the last thousand years, however, they were part of the king's administration.

Snorri Sturluson (1179–1241) of Iceland was a famous lawspeaker. He wrote about an 11th-century lawspeaker named Torgny, but historians doubt the account.
Pelin wine
Pelin wine is made by mixing wine with Artemisia absinthium during fermentation, giving the wine a bitter, refreshing taste. This wine is popular in Eastern-Europe from the 1st of May until the summer. White wine and red wine can both be flavoured with Pelin, the translation of Artemisia absinthium across many Balkan languages such as Romanian, Bulgarian, and others.

Pelin wine differs from absinthe and pelinkovac, which are based on distilled alcohol rather than wine.

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium, otherwise known as common wormwood, is a species of Artemisia native to North Africa and temperate regions of Eurasia, and widely naturalized in Canada and the northern United States. It is grown as an ornamental plant and is used as an ingredient in the spirit absinthe and some other alcoholic beverages.
German Volunteer Corps
The German Volunteer Corps (Ukrainian: Німецький Добровольчий Корпус, romanized: Nimetsʹkyy Dobrovolʹchyy Korpus German: Deutsches Freiwilligenkorps) was a volunteer unit composed of German national volunteers, part of the Main Directorate of Intelligence of Ukraine. The unit has coordinated with various other Ukrainian military units under the Main Directorate of Intelligence of Ukraine, such as the Russian Volunteer Corps, the Free Russia Legion, and the Polish Volunteer Corps in Ukraine. GVC was incorporated into the 49th Infantry Battalion in April 2025.

Freedom of Russia Legion
The Freedom of Russia Legion (FRL, Russian: Легион «Свобода России», romanized: Legion "Svoboda Rossii"; Ukrainian: Легіон «Свобода Росії», romanized: Lehion "Svoboda Rosii"; abbr. ЛСР, romanized: LSR), also called the Free Russia Legion, is a Ukrainian-based paramilitary unit of Russian citizens, which opposes the Russian regime of Vladimir Putin and its invasion of Ukraine. It was formed in March 2022 and is reportedly part of Ukraine's International Legion. It consists of defectors from the Russian Armed Forces, and other Russian volunteers, some of whom had emigrated to Ukraine. It is one of several such units participating in the Russo-Ukrainian War on behalf of Ukraine.

Since 22 May 2023, the Legion has launched cross-border raids into the Belgorod region of Russia, alongside the Russian Volunteer Corps (RVC) and the Sibir Battalion.
2016 UCLA Bruins football team
The 2016 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bruins were coached by fifth-year head coach Jim L. Mora and played its home games at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. They were members of the South Division of the Pac-12 Conference. The Bruins finished the season 4–8, 2–7 in Pac-12 play to finish in a tie for fourth in the South Division, and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 334 to 303.

Jim L. Mora
James Lawrence Mora (born November 19, 1961) is an American football coach who is the head coach at Colorado State University. He recently was the head coach at the University of Connecticut for four seasons and at UCLA from 2012 to 2017. Prior to taking the job at UCLA, Mora served as a head coach in the National Football League (NFL), coaching the Atlanta Falcons from 2004 to 2006 and Seattle Seahawks in 2009. He has also served as an analyst for NFL Network and  Fox Sports.

Mora played college football with the Washington Huskies from 1980 to 1983, and began his coaching career there as a graduate assistant in 1984. He is the son of retired NFL head coach Jim E. Mora. To avoid confusion with his father, Mora is sometimes called Jim Mora Jr.
Urvich Wall
Urvich Wall (Bulgarian: Урвичка стена, ‘Urvichka Stena’ \'ur-vich-ka ste-'na\) is the narrow ice-free and crescent-shaped ridge rising to 121 m on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and bounded by Nedelya Point to the north and Rish Point to the southeast. The ridge is 6.7 km long and up to 400 m wide, and separates Byers Peninsula to the west from Rotch Dome to the east. It surmounts Oread Lake, Montemno Lake and Bedek Stream on the west.

The feature's northern part lies in the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, more specifically in one of its two restricted zones.

The ridge is named after the medieval fortress of Urvich in Plana Mountain, Bulgaria.

Rish Point
Rish Point (Bulgarian: нос Риш, ‘Nos Rish’ \'nos 'rish\) is an ice-free point projecting 300 m from the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is situated at the east extremity of South Beaches, Byers Peninsula, 2.3 km northwest of Amadok Point, 1.3 km southwest of Clark Nunatak, and 1 km northeast of Stackpole Rocks. Juturna Lake is centred 320 m northeast of the point.

The feature is named after the settlement of Rish in the eastern Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.
Lake Cronin
Lake Cronin is an ephemeral freshwater lake in the Shire of Kondinin as part of the Great Western Woodlands in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia located approximately 86 km (53 mi) east of the town of Hyden and about 370 km (230 mi) east south east of Perth. The lake is situated within the Lake Cronin Nature Reserve.

Shire of Kondinin
The Shire of Kondinin is a local government area in the eastern Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, about 300 kilometres (186 mi) east of the state capital, Perth. The Shire's land area of 7,376 square kilometres (2,848 sq mi) forms a narrow east-west band, located between the Shire of Narembeen to the north and the Shire of Kulin to the south. Its seat of government is the town of Kondinin.
2015 Ladies Tour of Norway
The 2015 Ladies Tour of Norway was the second edition of the Ladies Tour of Norway, a women's cycling stage race in Norway. It was rated by the UCI as a category 2.2 race. It was won by Megan Guarnier of Boels–Dolmans.

Ladies Tour of Norway
The Ladies Tour of Norway was a women's cycle stage race. The first edition of the race was held from 15 to 17 August 2014 based in the town of Halden in south east Norway. It consisted of an individual time trial prologue and two road race stages. Since 2017 the race is part of the UCI Women's World Tour, cycling's season-long competition of top-tier events.

From 2022, the event was replaced by the Tour of Scandinavia – a multi-day stage race held across Norway, Sweden and Denmark. However the Tour of Scandinavia only lasted two editions before being cancelled, due to lack of interest from sponsors and host broadcasters.
Sewagram Express
The 12139 / 12140 Sewagram Superfast Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Mumbai CSMT and Nagpur Junction in India.

It operates as train number 12139 from Mumbai CSMT to Nagpur Junction and as train number 12140 in the reverse direction.

Indian Railways coaching stock
Indian Railways coaching stock consists of various travel-classes of passenger coaches, freight wagons, and other specialised coaching stock for specific uses. The Indian Railways, which operates India's railway system, comes under the purview of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. As of 2022, it operates over 8,000 trains daily using an inventory of 84,863 passenger coaches and 318,196 freight wagons. The rolling stock is manufactured by five units owned by the Indian Railways, four public sector units, and one private company.
Mount William stone axe quarry
The Mount William stone axe quarry (traditionally known as Wil-im-ee moor-ing) is an Aboriginal Australian archaeological site in Central Victoria, Australia.  It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northeast of Lancefield, off Powells Track, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Romsey and 78 kilometres (48 mi) from Melbourne. Known as Wil-im-ee moor-ring, meaning "axe place" in the Woiwurrung language, the greenstone quarry was an important source of raw material for the manufacture of greenstone ground-edge axes, which were traded over a wide area of south-east Australia.

Fred McCarthy (archaeologist)
Frederick David McCarthy (13 August 1905 – 18 November 1997) was an Australian anthropologist and archaeologist. He worked at the Australian Museum in Sydney and was Foundation Principal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, with interests covering Australian archaeology, museology and Aboriginal rock art.: v
Société Nationale des Pétroles du Congo
Société nationale des pétroles du Congo (the National Petroleum Company of the Congo, SNPC) is the national oil company of the Republic of the Congo. The company was established in 1998 after the dissolution of the public company Hydro-Congo. The company manages government-owned shares of production from oil fields in the country. The company has stakes in Moho-Bilondo (15%), Nkossa (15%), M'Boundi (8.8%), Kitina (35%), Sendji (15%), Yanga (15%), Djambala (35%), Foukanda (35%), Mwafi (35%), Emeraude (49%), Yombo (44%), Tilapia (35%), Azurite (15%), and Turquoise Marine-1 (15%) fields. It owns the refinery company named Congolaise de Raffinage (CORAF).

National oil company
A national oil company (NOC) is a petroleum company that is fully or partly owned by the government of a sovereign nation.: 3  NOCs produce about half the world’s oil and gas.

Due to their increasing dominance over global reserves, the importance of NOCs has risen dramatically in recent decades relative to International Oil Companies (IOCs), such as BP, ExxonMobil or Shell plc. NOCs are also increasingly investing outside their national borders.
Egletes
Egletes (tropic daisy) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to South America, Mesoamerica, and the West Indies, with the range of one species barely crossing the US border into the extreme southern part of Texas.

Species

Egletes domingensis Cass. -  Hispaniola

Egletes floribunda Poepp. - Amazonas State in Brazil

Egletes florida Shinners - Venezuela, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago

Egletes humifusa Less. - Ecuador

Egletes liebmannii Sch.Bip. ex Hemsl. - Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, Mexico

Egletes obovata Benth. ex Oerst. - Colombia

Egletes prostrata (Sw.) Kuntze - West Indies, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, northern Brazil

Egletes repens Shinners - Venezuela, Colombia

Egletes tenuifolia Cuatrec. - Colombia

Egletes viscosa (L.) Less. - Texas, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, South America

Egletes viscosa
Egletes viscosa, the erect tropical daisy, is a New World species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of South America, Central America, Mexico, and the West Indies, just barely crossing the US border into the southernmost county in Texas (Cameron County).

Egletes viscosa is an annual, aromatic herb up to 60 cm (2 feet) tall, covered with glandular and non-glandular hairs. One plant can produce several flower heads, each with white or pale blue ray florets and yellow disc florets.
The Loose Box
The Loose Box was a restaurant in Mundaring, an outer eastern suburb of Perth, Western Australia.  During its 34-year existence, it won many awards for its classical French cuisine and service, and had a big impact on the hospitality industry in Perth.

At the time of its closure, the restaurant held a two star rating by The West Australian Good Food Guide 2013.  Alongside it was a complex of six cottages providing bed and breakfast accommodation to diners who wanted to stay the night.

Mundaring, Western Australia
Mundaring (pron: mun-DAIR-ing) is a suburb located 34 km east of Perth, Western Australia on the Great Eastern Highway. The suburb is located within the Shire of Mundaring.

The Aboriginal name of the area "Mindah-lung", said to mean "a high place on a high place", was anglicised to become "Mundaring".

The Mundaring area is considered to be part of the Perth Hills area.
Gerbera (drone)
The Gerbera (Russian: Гербера) is a Russian multi-purpose drone, described as a cheaper and simplified version of the Iranian Shahed-136 (also known as the Geran-2 in Russia). It is designed for kamikaze missions, reconnaissance, and signal relaying to extend the operational range of other drones or enhance their resilience against electronic warfare.

The Gerbera was first deployed by Russian forces in July 2024 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It was originally used as a decoy to distract and overwhelm Ukrainian air defense due to its visual similarity to the deadlier Shahed-136. By mid-2025, it was also being used for reconnaissance and strikes.

During two separate incidents in July 2025, one confirmed and one suspected Gerbera drone entered Lithuanian NATO airspace, in what some analysts described as hybrid warfare provocations. In September 2025, drones of this type entered Polish airspace.

Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)
The Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Головне управління розвідки Міністерства оборони України, ГУР МОУ, romanized: Holovne upravlinnia rozvidky Ministerstva oborony Ukrainy, GUR / HUR MO), also known in English as the Defense Intelligence of Ukraine (DIU), is the military intelligence service of the Ukrainian government. It is an agency of the Ministry of Defence, not the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Unlike the intelligence agencies of many countries, the HUR is not restricted to intelligence-gathering but also carries out military operations.
KRBT
KRBT (1340 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports format. Licensed to Eveleth, Minnesota, United States, the station serves the Iron Range area. The station is owned by Range Broadcasting, Inc., and features programming from the KFAN Radio Network, based at KFXN-FM in Minneapolis–St. Paul.

KFXN-FM
KFXN-FM (100.3 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Minneapolis, Minnesota, broadcasting a sports talk format. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, and serves the Twin Cities market. KFXN-FM's transmitter is located in the suburb of Shoreview on KMSP-TV's tower. Its effective radiated power is 100,000 watts (including beam tilt). The station's main studios are in St. Louis Park.

KFXN-FM is the flagship station of the Minnesota Lynx, Minnesota Timberwolves, Minnesota Vikings, Minnesota Wild, and Minnesota Golden Gophers football.

At midnight on August 15, 2011, iHeartMedia (then known as Clear Channel Communications) swapped the formats of KFAN (1130 AM), and 100.3 FM's former conservative news/talk format KTLK-FM. The new KFXN-FM call sign, shared with former AM sister station KFXN, was adopted the same day.
Adelaide Equestrian Festival
The Adelaide Equestrian Festival (AEF) is an annual three-day event held in the eastern Adelaide Park Lands, which border Adelaide city centre. It was known as the Australian International Three Day Event until 2022. A CCI5* event, the top rating by the Fédération Équestre Internationale, it comprises dressage, cross-country, and show-jumping and is usually staged in late April.

Cross-country riding
Cross country equestrian jumping forms one of the three phases of the sport of eventing; it may also be a competition in its own right, known as hunter trials or simply "cross-country", although these tend to be lower-level, local competitions.

The object of cross-country is to prove the speed, endurance and jumping ability of the true cross-country horse when he is well trained and brought to the peak of condition. At the same time, it demonstrates the rider's knowledge of pace and the use of this horse across country. (While cross-country tests a horse's endurance over a short period, endurance itself is a separate sport, involving long-distance cross-country riding without jumps).
Hand-colouring of photographs
Hand-colouring (or hand-coloring) refers to any method of manually adding colour to a monochrome photograph, generally either to heighten the realism of the image or for artistic purposes. Hand-colouring is also known as hand painting or overpainting.

Typically, watercolours, oils, crayons or pastels, and other paints or dyes are applied to the image surface using brushes, fingers, cotton swabs or airbrushes. Hand-coloured photographs were most popular in the mid- to late-19th century before the invention of colour photography, and some firms specialized in producing hand-coloured photographs.

Albumen print
The albumen print, also called albumen silver print, is a method of producing a photographic print using egg whites. Published in January 1847 by Louis Désiré Blanquart-Evrard, it was the first commercial process of producing a photo on a paper base from a negative, previous methods—such as the daguerreotype and the tintype—having been printed on metal. It became the dominant form of photographic positives from 1855 to the start of the 20th century, with a peak in the 1860–1890 period.  During the mid-19th century, the carte de visite became one of the more popular uses of the albumen method. In the 19th century, E. & H. T. Anthony & Company were the largest makers and distributors of albumen photographic prints and paper in the United States.
University of Glasgow Nursing & Health Care School
The Nursing & Health Care School, University of Glasgow, (formerly the Division of Nursing and Health Care) is a speciality area within the School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing in Glasgow, Scotland. The School has offered a degree course in Nursing since 1977, introduced under the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the time, Professor Edward McGirr.

Royal College of Nursing
The Royal College of Nursing (RCN) is a registered trade union and professional body in the United Kingdom for those in the profession of nursing. It was founded in 1916 as the College of Nursing, receiving its royal charter in 1928. Queen Elizabeth II was the patron until her death in 2022, King Charles III continued the royal connection and became patron in 2024. The majority of members are registered nurses; however student nurses and healthcare assistants are also members. There is also a category of membership, at a reduced cost, for retired people.

The RCN describes its mission as representing nurses and nursing, promoting excellence in practice and shaping health policies. It has a network of stewards, safety representatives and union learning representatives as well as advice services for members. Services include a main library in London, and regional libraries. The RCN Institute provides courses for nurses.
Christopher Mohan
Christopher O. Mohan is a United States Army lieutenant general who has served as the commanding general of the United States Army Materiel Command since 21 November 2025. He previously served as acting commanding general of the United States Army Materiel Command from 22 March 2024 to 20 November 2025. Prior to that also he served as Army Materiel Command's deputy commanding general from 2 December 2022 to 21 March 2024. He has also served as the commanding general of the United States Army Sustainment Command, 21st Theater Sustainment Command, and 3rd Sustainment Command (Expeditionary).

United States Army Materiel Command
The United States Army Materiel Command (AMC) is the primary provider of materiel to the United States Army via its contracting support brigades.

AMC operates depots; arsenals; ammunition plants; and other facilities, and maintains the Army's prepositioned stocks, both on land and afloat. The command is also the Department of Defense Executive Agent for conventional ammunition and the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile.

AMC is responsible for the business of selling United States Army equipment and services to allies of the United States and negotiates and implements agreements for co-production of U.S. weapons systems by other states.
DJK Ammerthal
The DJK Ammerthal is a German association football club from the town of Ammerthal, Bavaria. DJK stands for Deutsche Jugendkraft, a sports organisation associated with the Catholic Church.

The club's greatest success came in 2012 when it qualified for the new northern division of the expanded Bayernliga, the fifth tier of the German football league system.

Bezirksoberliga Oberpfalz
The Bezirksoberliga Oberpfalz was the seventh tier of the German football league system in the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk of Upper Palatinate (German: Oberpfalz). Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the sixth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fifth tier.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, when major changes to the Bavarian football league system were carried out. Above the Bezirksoberligas, the Landesligas were expanded in number from three to five divisions and the Bezirke have two to three regional leagues, the Bezirksligas, as its highest level again, similar to the system in place until 1988.
Oak Ridges (electoral district)
Oak Ridges was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2003. This riding was created in 1996, from parts of Markham—Whitchurch—Stouffville and York North ridings.

It consisted of the towns of Richmond Hill and Whitchurch-Stouffville, and the part of the town of Markham (now a city) north of 16th Avenue.

The electoral district was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed between Oak Ridges—Markham and Richmond Hill  ridings.

York North
York North was a federal riding in Ontario, Canada, that was in the House of Commons of Canada from Confederation in 1867 until 2004.

The federal riding was eliminated in 2003 when it was redistributed between two new ridings of Newmarket—Aurora and York—Simcoe. Another small section was incorporated into Oak Ridges—Markham. The riding covered the northern suburbs of the city of Toronto often including such towns as Aurora, Vaughan, Newmarket, Richmond Hill and Markham. The borders changed often, however, most notably in 1996 when the riding was so altered that it contained very little of the same territory as before.