hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1988 Goody's 500
The 1988 Goody's 500 was the 24th stock car race of the 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 40th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 25, 1988, before an audience of 35,000 in Martinsville, Virginia at Martinsville Speedway, a 0.526 miles (0.847 km) permanent oval-shaped short track. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. Taking advantage of a misfortunate Ricky Rudd, Hendrick Motorsports' Darrell Waltrip dominated the late stages of the race, leading the final 80 laps of the race to take his 73rd career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second and final victory of the season. To fill out the top three, owner-driver Alan Kulwicki and Blue Max Racing's Rusty Wallace would finish second and third, respectively.

1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 40th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 17th modern-era Cup series. The season began on February 7 at Daytona International Speedway and ended on November 20 at the Atlanta International Speedway. Bill Elliott of Melling Racing won the championship.

The 1988 season was notable for hosting the first of two NASCAR tire wars between Goodyear and Hoosier notably unless a team was under an exclusive tire contract teams were allowed to switch tire manufacturers from race to race so no team ran a full season on the same tire like in other motorsports where teams tend exclusively run one tire manufacturer during a tire war.
Emiliano Tría Tirona
Emiliano Alegre Tría Tirona (born Emiliano Tría Tirona y Alegre; June 12, 1883 - April 8, 1952) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who was a member of the Philippine Assembly from 1909 to 1912, of the House of Representatives from 1916 to 1919 and from 1931 to 1934, and of the Senate from 1922 to 1928 and from 1941 to 1952. During the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1945, he was also Minister for Health, Labor and Public Education in the government of President Jose P. Laurel.

Second Philippine Republic
The Second Philippine Republic, officially the Republic of the Philippines and also known as the Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic, was a pro-Axis government established on October 14, 1943, during the Japanese occupation of the islands until its dissolution on August 17, 1945.
1869 Princeton vs. Rutgers football game
The 1869 Princeton vs. Rutgers football game was played between teams from Rutgers College, now Rutgers University, and the College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, on November 6, 1869. The rules governing play were based on the London-based Football Association's 1863 rules that disallowed carrying or throwing the ball making it the first intercollegiate soccer game in the United States. Additionally, because gridiron football developed from the rules of association football and rugby football, many also consider the game played on November 6 to be the first gridiron game and the first collegiate American football game. Rutgers won the game 6–4.

Jacob Edwin Michael
James Edwin Michael (May 13, 1848 – December 7, 1895), known as "Big Mike", was an American college football player for the Princeton football team, who was the best player in the first college football game.
Coat of arms of England
The coat of arms of England is the coat of arms historically used as arms of dominion by the monarchs of the Kingdom of England, and now used to symbolise England generally. The arms were adopted c.1200 by the Plantagenet kings and continued to be used by successive English and British monarchs; they are currently quartered with the arms of Scotland and Ireland in the coat of arms of the United Kingdom. Historically they were also quartered with the arms of France, representing the English claim to the French throne, and Hanover.

The arms continue to be used in heraldry to represent England, for example in the arms of Canada, although they rarely appear in isolation in royal or government contexts. They have also been adapted by English sporting bodies, forming the basis of the coat of arms of the Football Association, the logo of the England and Wales Cricket Board, England Hockey and England Boxing.

Heraldic flag
In heraldry and vexillology, a heraldic flag is a flag containing coats of arms, heraldic badges, or other devices used for personal identification.

Heraldic flags include banners, standards, pennons and their variants, gonfalons, guidons, and pinsels.  Specifications governing heraldic flags vary from country to country, and have varied over time.
CX330
CX330 (also known as CXOGBS J173643.8-282122) is an extremely isolated young stellar object (YSO) located in the central bulge of the Milky Way, approximately 25,000 light-years from Earth. Identified in 2009 through its X-ray emission, it is the most isolated known young star, situated over 1,000 light-years from the nearest star-forming region (nearest star-forming region from CX330 is NGC 6383 followed by Pipe Nebula and Corona Australis Molecular Cloud). CX330 is a FU Orionis-type protostar undergoing episodic accretion outbursts, making it a unique laboratory for studying star formation in low-density environments.

FU Orionis
FU Orionis is a variable and binary star system in the constellation of Orion, that in 1937 rose in apparent visual magnitude from 16.5 to 9.6, and has since been around magnitude 9. The name FU Orionis is a variable star designation in the Argelander system, which are assigned sequentially as new variables are discovered. FU Orionis is about 1,360 light years distant and is associated with the molecular cloud Barnard 35.

For a long time this variable was considered unique, but in 1970 a similar star, V1057 Cygni, was discovered, and a number of additional examples have been discovered since then. These stars constitute the FU Orionis class of variable stars, GCVS type FU, often nicknamed FUors.  These stars are pre–main sequence stars which display an extreme change in magnitude and spectral type.
Alexander Findlater
Alexander Findlater was a friend and colleague of Robert Burns and also his immediate superior, as Supervisor, in the Excise service. He knew the poet very well and was a great advocate for Burns after his death and in response to biographies by authors such as Robert Heron, Allan Cunningham and James Currie.

Ellisland Farm
Ellisland Farm lies about 6.5 mi/10.4 km northwest of Dumfries near the  village of Auldgirth, located in the Parish of Dunscore, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. The complex is a museum in the farm Robert Burns built, lived in and farmed from 1788 until 1791.  One of the earliest references to the site is in 1465. Cardinal Antonius confirming a Charter by the Monastery of Melrose of the adjoining property of Ellisland to John Kirkpatrick.
Senecio thapsoides
Senecio thapsoides DC. is a plant in the aster family (Asteraceae). The species was formerly placed in subgenus Cineraria and is sometimes found as Cineraria thapsoides. Cineraria however is now almost entirely limited to Southern Africa. The species was first named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1838. It is recognized in Flora europaea with two subspecies: thapsoides and S. t. visianianus.

Flora Europaea
The Flora Europaea is a 5-volume encyclopedia of plants, published between 1964 and 1993 by Cambridge University Press. The aim was to describe all the national Floras of Europe in a single, authoritative publication to help readers identify any wild or widely cultivated plant in Europe to the subspecies level. It also provides information on geographical distribution, habitat preference, and chromosome number, where known.

The Flora was released in CD form in 2001, and the  Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh have made an index to the plant names available online.
Off-by-one error
An off-by-one error or off-by-one bug (known by acronyms OBOE, OBOB, OBO, and OB1) is a logic error that involves a number that differs from its intended value by 1. An off-by-one error can sometimes appear in a mathematical context. It also often occurs in computer programming when a loop iterates one time too many or too few, usually caused by the use of non-strict inequality (≤) as the terminating condition where strict inequality (<) should have been used, or vice versa. Off-by-one errors also stem from confusion over zero-based numbering.

C string handling
The C programming language has a set of functions implementing operations on strings (character strings and byte strings) in its standard library. Various operations, such as copying, concatenation, tokenization and searching are supported. For character strings, the standard library uses the convention that strings are null-terminated: a string of n characters is represented as an array of n + 1 elements, the last of which is a "NUL character" with numeric value 0.

The only support for strings in the programming language proper is that the compiler translates quoted string constants into null-terminated strings.
The Counts
The Counts were a doo-wop group from Indianapolis, Indiana, formed in the 1950s. The group included Chester Brown, James Lee, Robert Penick, Robert Wesley, and Robert Young. The Counts were also known as the Original Counts, as they performed with their original lineup until the death of Robert Young, in 2001. They were thought to be the longest-running doo wop group made up entirely of their original membership.

Young wrote most of the Counts' songs, including "Hot Tamale" and "Darling Dear". "Darling Dear" (Dot 44-1188, b/w "I Need You Always") made it to No. 6 on the R&B singles chart.

All of the members attended Crispus Attucks High School, in Indianapolis, where they originally formed as the Five Diamonds. They changed their name in 1954 when they signed with Dot Records. The Counts recorded at Wilkins Studio, possibly with Jimmy Coe (or, perhaps, with a Jimmy Cole), and were at times backed live by Wes Montgomery.

Wes Montgomery
John Leslie "Wes" Montgomery (March 6, 1923 – June 15, 1968) was an American jazz guitarist. Montgomery was known for his unusual technique of plucking the strings with the side of his thumb and for his extensive use of octaves, which gave him a distinctive sound.

Montgomery often worked with his brothers Buddy (Charles F.) and Monk (William H.), as well as organist Melvin Rhyne. His recordings up to 1965 were oriented toward hard bop, soul jazz, and post bop, but around 1965 he began recording more pop-oriented instrumental albums that found mainstream success. His later guitar style influenced jazz fusion and smooth jazz.
Golpa
Golpa (Persian: گلپا, also Romanized as Golpā) is a village in Sarchehan Rural District, Sarchehan District, Bavanat County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 69, in 17 families.

Sarchehan Rural District
Sarchehan Rural District (Persian: دهستان سرچهان) is in the Central District of Sarchehan County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Siyahun. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Korehi, now a city.
Sapno Ka Saudagar
Sapno Ka Saudagar (transl. The merchant of dreams) is a 1968 Indian Hindi-language film directed by Mahesh Kaul and produced by B. Ananthaswami. The film stars Raj Kapoor, Hema Malini, Tanuja and Nadira. The film's music was composed by Shankar Jaikishan.

Jayant (actor)
Zakaria Khan (15 October 1915 – 2 June 1975), better known by his stage name Jayant, was an Indian actor. He was the father of actors Amjad Khan and Imtiaz Khan. His notable works are in films like Amar, Memdidi and Nazneen. He worked in many movies with Dilip Kumar, Madhubala and Kishore Kumar.
FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi
FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi (Ukrainian: «Поділля» (Хмельницький)) is a Ukrainian professional football team that is based in Khmelnytskyi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine. The club competes in the Ukrainian First League.

Ukrainian Second League
The Ukrainian Second League (Ukrainian: Друга ліга, Druha Liha) is a professional football league in Ukraine which is part of the Professional Football League of Ukraine, a collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football. As the third tier it was established in 1992 as the Transitional League and changed its name the next season.

The league is lower than the Ukrainian First League (Persha Liha) and the lowest level of professional football competitions in the country. Since 1996 the league, after being merged with its lower tier (in 1992–1995 there was the Third League), consists of two main regions roughly north-west and south-east. The league's relegated teams lose their professional status and return to their regional associations.
2024 Guangzhou Huangpu International Tennis Open
The 2024 Guangzhou Huangpu International Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Guangzhou, China between 9 and 15 September 2024.

2024 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2024 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2024 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 207 tournaments with prize money ranging from $41,000 up to $225,500. It was the 47th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 16th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Long Seridan
Long Seridan is a Kelabit settlement in the Miri division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 590 kilometres (367 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Long Seridan Airport has a STOL runway, originally built by Gurkha engineers in 1963. There are several homestays where tourists can stay and enjoy the local jungle trekking, fishing and visiting Penan settlements.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Buyo 20.7 kilometres (12.9 mi) southeast

Long Napir 21.7 kilometres (13.5 mi) north

Rumah Unar 24.7 kilometres (15.3 mi) north

Rumah Sigarsei 25.2 kilometres (15.7 mi) north

Kubaan 35.4 kilometres (22.0 mi) southeast

Pa Tik 39.4 kilometres (24.5 mi) southeast

Rumah Danau 39.6 kilometres (24.6 mi) north

Rumah Ambau 40.7 kilometres (25.3 mi) northwest

Rumah Haling 40.7 kilometres (25.3 mi) northwest

Rumah Sungai Medalam 41.5 kilometres (25.8 mi) northwest

Pa Tik
Pa Tik is a settlement in the mountainous interior of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 601 kilometres (373 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Kubaan 5.6 kilometres (3.5 mi) north

Long Aar 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) southwest

Long Semirang 11.9 kilometres (7.4 mi) northeast

Bario 17.1 kilometres (10.6 mi) east

Long Labid 20 kilometres (12.4 mi) south

Buyo 21.7 kilometres (13.5 mi) north

Pa Umor 24.1 kilometres (15.0 mi) east
Theory of functional connections
The Theory of Functional Connections (TFC) is a mathematical framework for functional interpolation. It provides a method for deriving a functional—a function that operates on another function—which can transform constrained optimization problems into equivalent unconstrained ones. This transformation allows TFC to be applied to a wide range of mathematical problems, including the solution of differential equations. In this context, functional interpolation refers to the construction of functionals that always satisfy specified constraints, regardless of how the internal (or free) function is expressed.

Constrained optimization
In mathematical optimization, constrained optimization (in some contexts called constraint optimization) is the process of optimizing an objective function with respect to some variables  in the presence of constraints on those variables. The objective function is either a cost function or energy function, which is to be minimized, or a reward function or utility function, which is to be maximized. Constraints can be either hard constraints, which set conditions for the variables that are required to be satisfied, or soft constraints, which have some variable values that are penalized in the objective function if, and based on the extent that, the conditions on the variables are not satisfied.
Flemming Povlsen
Flemming Søgaard Povlsen (born 3 December 1966) is a Danish football pundit and former professional footballer who played as a striker. Born in Aarhus and a youth product of Viby IF, Povlsen also played in The Netherlands, Spain and Germany, until a knee injury forced him to retire, at only 28 years of age. Before the injury, Povlsen rose to prominence at FC Cologne, before settling at Borussia Dortmund, with whom he won the 1995 Bundesliga and played the final half of his career. At an international level, he was among the profiles on the Denmark squad that won the 1992 UEFA European Football Championship.

1994–95 Bundesliga
The 1994–95 Bundesliga was the 32nd season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football league. It began on 19 August 1994 and ended on 17 June 1995. FC Bayern Munich were the defending champions.

This was the final season in which two points were awarded for a win; going forward this changed to three points.
Vanadium-51 nuclear magnetic resonance
Vanadium-51 nuclear magnetic resonance (51V NMR spectroscopy) is a method for the characterization of vanadium-containing compounds and materials. 51V comprises 99.75% of naturally occurring vanadium. The nucleus is quadrupolar with I = ⁠7/2⁠, which is not favorable for NMR spectroscopy, although its quadrupole moment and thus the linewidths are unusually small, while its magnetogyric ratio is relatively high (+7.0492  rad T−1s−1), so that 51V has 38% receptivity vs 1H. Its resonance frequency is close to that of 13C (gyromagnetic ratio = 6.728284 rad T−1s−1).

The chemical shift dispersion is great as illustrated by this series: 0 for VOCl3 (chemical shift standard), −309 for VOCl2(O-i-Pr), −506 VOCl(O-i-Pr)2, and −629 VO(O-i-Pr)3.  For vanadates, the parent orthovanadate and its conjugate acid absorb at −541 ([VO4]3-) and 534 ([HVO4]2-).  For  decavanadate, three shifts are observed in accord with the number of nonequivalent sites: −422, −502, −519.

Gyromagnetic ratio
In physics, the gyromagnetic ratio (also sometimes known as the magnetogyric ratio in other disciplines) of a particle or system is the ratio of its magnetic moment to its angular momentum, and it is often denoted by the symbol γ, gamma. Its SI unit is the reciprocal second per tesla (s−1⋅T−1) or, equivalently, the coulomb per kilogram (C⋅kg−1).

The g-factor of a particle is a related dimensionless value of the system, derived as the ratio of its gyromagnetic ratio to that which would be classically expected from a rigid body of which the mass and charge are distributed identically, and for which total mass and charge are the same as that of the system.
2005 MuchMusic Video Awards
The 2005 MuchMusic Video Awards were held on June 19, 2005 and featured performances by k-os, Alexisonfire, Billy Talent, Arcade Fire, Ciara and others. The most nominated artist was Billy Talent with 9 nominations.

IHeartRadio MMVAs
The iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards were an awards show broadcast annually on Much from 1990 to 2018, and Fuse from 2010 to 2013 that honoured the year's best music videos.

Originally debuting in 1990 as the Canadian Music Video Awards, the awards were renamed in 1995 to the MuchMusic Video Awards. In 2016, the show was rebranded under the iHeartRadio banner after Much's parent company, Bell Media, reached a licensing agreement with iHeartMedia. The show's full name was officially dropped in 2018. The 2018 edition would ultimately be the last, amidst the scaling back and eventual discontinuation of all music programming on the channel due to declining ratings.
Caleb Serong
Caleb Serong (born 9 February 2001) is an Australian rules footballer who plays for Fremantle in the Australian Football League (AFL). A midfielder known for his ball-winning ability and consistency, Serong has been the co-vice-captain of Fremantle since 2023. He has won three Doig Medals, awarded to the best and fairest Fremantle player, been selected in the All-Australian team three times and won the AFL Rising Star award in his debut season.

Goal of the Year (AFL)
The Goal of the Year is a competition for the best goal kicked in the Australian Football League (AFL) during that season. It is run in conjunction with the Mark of the Year competition and is currently sponsored by Rebel Sport. The winner is awarded the Phil Manassa Medal. The concept of awards for the goal and mark of the year is thought to have been initiated in 1970, as an unofficial award given by the media to Alex Jesaulenko following his famous mark in that season's grand final. The official awards were first given in 2001. Eddie Betts has been awarded Goal of the Year on an unparalleled four occasions (2006, 2015, 2016 and 2019), the most of any player, and is the only player to win the award in consecutive seasons.
Staatstheater Stuttgart
The Staatstheater Stuttgart (Stuttgart State Theatre) comprises two venues: the Stuttgart Opera House (Opernhaus or Großes Haus) and the newer, smaller Stuttgart Drama Theatre (Schauspielhaus or Kleines Haus), both located in the German city of Stuttgart, in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The opera house is used mainly by the Stuttgart Opera (Staatsoper Stuttgart) and the Stuttgart Ballet, while plays are presented in the smaller theatre.

Reid Anderson (dancer)
Reid Bryce Anderson (born 1 April 1949) is a Canadian ballet dancer, ballet director and artistic director. He danced with the Stuttgart Ballet before returning as artistic director of the National Ballet of Canada in 1987. He returned to the Stuttgart Ballet as artistic director in 1996 and stepped down in 2018.
Arlington Town Square
Arlington Town Square is a retail and apartment development located in Arlington Heights. Arlington Town Square was developed as part of a significant building boom associated with the redevelopment of Downtown Arlington Heights. It is home to national retail and restaurant chains, along with local, independent business. The center was formerly home to the Arlington Theaters.

Major stores and restaurants include Passero, Ann Taylor LOFT, Yankee Candle, Bath & Body Works, Sportsclips, 
Noodles & Company, and Starbucks Coffee.

Arlington Heights, Illinois
Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. A northwestern suburb of Chicago, it lies about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the city's downtown. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 77,676, making it the 15th-most populous municipality in Illinois.

Arlington Heights is known for the former Arlington Park Race Track, home of the Arlington Million, a Breeders' Cup qualifying event; it also hosted the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships in 2002.