hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Inter-School Christian Fellowship
Inter-School Christian Fellowship (ISCF) or Inter-Scholastic Christian Fellowship is a Christian youth ministry that works with students within high schools. ISCF groups are often supported by external evangelical Christian organisations and churches – examples including the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students, the Scripture Union, and local churches. ISCF operates in countries including Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Philippines and the United States of America.

ISCF groups are often voluntarily led by senior students and usually have the support and guidance of an older mentor, youth pastor, or a patron teacher. ISCF groups mainly meet during lunchtime.

Scripture Union
Scripture Union (SU) is an international, interdenominational, evangelical Christian organisation. It was founded in 1867, and works in partnership with individuals and churches across the world. The organisation's stated aim is to use the Bible to inspire children, young people and adults to know God.

Scripture Union is an autonomous organisation in each country, linked together by Scripture Union International. It is primarily a volunteer organisation with a small number of full-time staff training, encouraging and coordinating ministry workers around the world. Scripture Union is also a member of the Forum of Bible Agencies International.
Misa Telefoni Retzlaff
Misa Telefoni Retzlaff (born Hermann Theodor Retzlaff, 21 May 1952) is a Samoan author and retired politician who served as the deputy prime minister of Samoa and deputy leader of the Human Rights Protection Party from 2001 to 2011. A member of the Human Rights Protection Party, Retzlaff was also minister of finance from 2006 to 2011.

Human Rights Protection Party
The Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP, Samoan: Vaega Faʻaupufai e Puipuia Aia Tatau a Tagata) is a Samoan political party. It was founded in 1979 and dominated Samoan party politics for decades thereafter, leading every government until their defeat in 2021. Former Prime Minister Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi has led the party since 1998.
WWF (file format)
WWF is a modification of the open standard PDF format for document exchange endorsed by the World Wide Fund for Nature (also abbreviated WWF) Germany. The WWF format is promoted as being more environmentally friendly than other comparable document exchange formats (e.g. PDF or DOC) since documents in this format are designed to be more difficult to print. The motivation behind the use of the format is to prevent unnecessary printing of documents. The website claims that the file format will be able to be read by most programs that can open ordinary PDF files. At present, the software for creating WWF files is available for Mac OS X 10.4 and for Windows XP and later. An open-source equivalent is available for Linux and for Windows XP and later.

Ghostscript
Ghostscript is a suite of software based on an interpreter for Adobe Systems' PostScript and Portable Document Format (PDF) page description languages. Its main purposes are the rasterization of documents in these language, the display or printing of document pages, and conversion between PostScript and PDF files.
Jufureh
Jufureh (also spelled Juffureh or Juffure) is a town in the Gambia, 30 kilometres inland on the north bank of the River Gambia in the North Bank Division near Kunta Kinteh Island. The town is home to a museum and Fort Jillifree.

Jufureh is known for its appearance in Alex Haley's 1976 novel Roots: The Saga of an American Family, as the birthplace of Haley's ancestor Kunta Kinte. After the publication of Roots, Jufureh became a significant tourist destination. This led to economic benefits for the town, including the construction of an elementary school, a new market aimed at tourists, and improved roads.

North Bank Division
North Bank was one of the five administrative divisions of the Gambia. Its capital was Kerewan. It was subsequently reorganised as the Kerewan Local Government Area (LGA), without any change in the area covered.

Per 2013 census, the region had a population of 221,054 with a population density of 98 inh./km2. The total number of households was 18,458 as of 2003. As of 2003, the total area of the region is 2255.5 km2. The infant mortality rate was 81 for every thousand births and the under-five mortality was 109 per every thousand births. The poverty gap ratio was 33.2 per cent as of 2003.
Quantum circuit cutting
Quantum circuit cutting is a method to partition a large quantum circuit into smaller, more manageable parts. In particular, during the NISQ era of quantum computing the execution of quantum circuits is limited by the size, i.e., number of qubits, as well as their high susceptibility to noise. Therefore it is desirable to partition a quantum circuit into smaller chunks, run them on possibly smaller quantum devices and then to perform postprocessing to retrieve results which are close to the results one would expect from the uncut circuit. It has been shown in experiments, that the application of circuit cutting can indeed reduce the impact of noise.

Quantum circuit
In quantum information theory, a quantum circuit is a model for quantum computation, similar to classical circuits, in which a computation is a sequence of quantum gates, measurements, initializations of qubits to known values, and possibly other actions. The minimum set of actions that a circuit needs to be able to perform on the qubits to enable quantum computation is known as DiVincenzo's criteria.

Circuits are written such that the horizontal axis is time, starting at the left hand side and ending at the right. Horizontal lines are qubits, doubled lines represent classical bits. The items that are connected by these lines are operations performed on the qubits, such as measurements or gates. These lines define the sequence of events, and are usually not physical cables.

The graphical depiction of quantum circuit elements is described using a variant of the Penrose graphical notation. Richard Feynman used an early version of the quantum circuit notation in 1986.
Alfredo V. Bonfil, Quintana Roo
Alfredo V. Bonfil is one of the communities in Benito Juárez Municipality, Quintana Roo, Mexico. It is effectively a commuter suburb of Cancún and is located just south of that city. Its population at the 2010 census was 14,900 inhabitants.

Benito Juárez Municipality, Quintana Roo
Benito Juárez is one of the eleven municipalities of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo.  Most of its population reside in the municipal seat, Cancún. It is named after the 19th century president and statesman Benito Juárez.
Tengako
Tengako is a peninsula at the north end of Fongafale islet of Funafuti, Tuvalu. At the end of the peninsula is Amatuku islet on which the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute is located. Further past that is Mulitefala.

8°27′44″S 179°11′07″E﻿ / ﻿8.4622°S 179.1853°E﻿ / -8.4622; 179.1853

Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute
The Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute (TMTI) is on Amatuku motu, on Funafuti atoll in Tuvalu. TMTI provides training to approximately 120 marine cadets each year, to provide them with the basic skills necessary for employment as seafarers on merchant shipping. TMTI operates under the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute Act 2000.
Oklahoma City FC (NPSL)
Oklahoma City FC was a men's soccer team based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. They played in the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL). Founded in 2013, the team played in the USL Premier Development League in their first year before shifting to the NPSL. The organization also runs the Oklahoma City FC women's team in the Women's Premier Soccer League and the proposed Oklahoma City FC of the North American Soccer League (NASL). The team folded in 2014.

OKC Energy FC
Oklahoma City Energy Football Club, or simply Energy FC, is an American professional soccer club based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that began play in 2014. The club is a member of the USL Championship, the second division of the American soccer league system. The club has been on hiatus since 2022, having canceled its seasons until a planned 2028 return. The club cites its inability to meet league requirements for field conditions. With their operations to field a team, the organization is currently undergoing a name change initiative using a name the team contest for fans to vote.
Justin Kimball (photographer)
Justin Kimball (born 1961) is an American photographer, educator, and artist. He currently teaches at Amherst College as the Conway Professor in New Media.

Museums which have collected Kimball's work include: The National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, California, and the Cleveland Museum of Art in Cleveland, Ohio.

Richard Benson (photographer)
Richard Mead Atwater Benson (November 8, 1943 – June 22, 2017) was an American photographer, printer, and educator who used photographic processing techniques of the past and present.

"He is perhaps best known for his innovations in photographic offset printing techniques and, later, ink-jet printing."

Benson was awarded two Guggenheim Fellowships and a MacArthur Fellowship. His work is held in the collections of Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and Whitney Museum of American Art.
Edith Alice Macia
Edith Alice Macia (née Robertson; September 17, 1884 – July 17, 1974) was a pioneer of Arizona who served as postmaster of Tombstone, Arizona and received numerous awards for her work as an undercover FBI agent.

Douglas, Arizona
Douglas is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, that lies in the north-west to south-east running Sulphur Springs Valley. Douglas has a border crossing with Mexico at Agua Prieta and a history of mining.

The population was 16,531 in the 2020 Census.
Bernard Tan (actor)
Bernard Tan Thuan Tjer (born in 1962 or 1963) is a Singaporean actor and insurance dealer. He has starred in the television series Bond of Love (1994), Silk and Romance (1995), A Romance in Shanghai (1996), The Other Parent (1997) and Point of Entry (2010−2014).

Titoudao
Titoudao is a play by Singaporean playwright Goh Boon Teck. It was first staged in Singapore at the Jubilee Hall Raffles Hotel by theatre company, Toy Factory Productions, in 1994. The play was restaged again in 2000, 2007, 2015 and 2024. In 2020, the play was adapted into a TV series on Mediacorp’s Channel 5 and Channel 8.
Daniel Yun
Daniel Yun (traditional Chinese: 雲暉翔; simplified Chinese: 云晖翔; pinyin: Yun Huixiang) is a Singaporean veteran film producer.

Yun grew up in a kampung off Geylang Road and his parents were Hainanese immigrants. He was educated at one of Singapore premier boys’ schools, Victoria School.

He joined Singapore Broadcasting Corporation Radio as vice-president of Radio Sales in 1991 and became head of Programming in 1992. He was the head of Marketing Communications, and Programming and Acquisition departments for Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS) in 1994.

In 1998, Yun became the vice-president of Production 5 at TCS. In the same year, he became the CEO of Mediacorp Raintree Pictures.

In 2015, Yun co-produced, co-wrote and co-directed 1965 (2015). In 2016, Daniel founded Blue3 Asia with the YDM Global Company.

Raintree Pictures
Mediacorp Raintree Pictures (simplified Chinese: 星霖电影; traditional Chinese: 星霖電影; pinyin: Xīnglín Diànyǐng) was a film production company based in Singapore. The company, a division of Mediacorp Group, was established on 1 August 1998. It financed The Truth About Jane and Sam, produced by Hong Kong's Film Unlimited and directed by Derek Yee. This film garnered a Best New Performer nomination at the 19th Hong Kong Film Awards for its lead actress, Fann Wong from Singapore.

The company closed down in 2012.
Magnus Enckell
Knut Magnus Enckell (9 November 1870 in Hamina – 27 November 1925 in Stockholm) was a Finnish symbolist painter. At first, he painted with a subdued palette, but from 1902 onwards, used increasingly bright colors. He was a leading member of the Septem group of colorist painters. In Finland, Enckell is considered to have been a very influential symbolist artist.

Academy of Fine Arts, Helsinki
The Academy of Fine Arts (Finnish: Kuvataideakatemia; Swedish: Bildkonstakademin) in Helsinki, Finland is part of the University of the Arts Helsinki and provides the highest university-level theoretical and practical training in the country in fine arts.
Dzierzgów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Dzierzgów [ˈd͡ʑɛʐɡuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radków, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-west of Radków, 17 km (11 mi) south of Włoszczowa, and 51 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Radków, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Radków [ˈratkuf] is a village in Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Radków. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) south of Włoszczowa and 49 km (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.
C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS)
C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS), or simply C/2016 R2, is an unusual long-period comet that is extremely rich in carbon monoxide and nitrogen, but contains very little water. It was discovered on 7 September 2016 by the Pan-STARRS astronomical survey at Haleakalā Observatory in Hawaiʻi. The comet attracted attention from many astronomers as it approached its closest point to the Sun in May 2018 when it was inside of the asteroid belt at 2.6 AU. It has been observed to have a very complex tail. The comet nucleus is estimated to be 5–30 km (3–19 mi) in diameter.: 20 : 5

Inbound, the comet orbited the Sun on a 22,000 year orbit, which took it out about 1600 AU. It was found to differ from typical comets, and was found to be rich in carbon monoxide (CO) but depleted in hydrogen cyanide (HCN), resulting in a blue coma. The blue color is thought to come from the rich amounts of carbon monoxide being ionized. The comet made its closest approach to the Sun in May 2018.

Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectroscopy can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances.
Megalithic yard
The megalithic yard is a hypothetical ancient unit of length equal to about 2.72 feet (0.829 m). Some researchers believe it was used in the construction of megalithic structures. The proposal was made by Alexander Thom as a result of his surveys of 600 megalithic sites in England, Scotland, Wales and Brittany. Thom also proposed the megalithic rod of 2.5 megalithic yards, or on average across sites 6.77625 feet. As subunits of these, he further proposed the megalithic inch of 2.073 centimetres (0.816 in), 100 of which comprised a megalithic rod, and 40 of which comprised a megalithic yard. Thom applied the statistical lumped variance test of J.R. Broadbent on this quantum and found the results significant, while others have challenged his statistical analysis and suggest that Thom's evidence can be explained in other ways, for instance that the supposed megalithic yard is in fact the average length of a pace.

Pace (unit)
A pace is a unit of length consisting either of one normal walking step (approximately 0.75 metres or 30 inches), or of a double step, returning to the same foot (approximately 1.5 metres or 60 inches). The normal pace length decreases with age and some health conditions. The word "pace" is also used for units inverse to speed, used mainly for walking and running, commonly minutes per kilometer.

The word "pace" is also used to translate similar formal units in other systems of measurement. Pacing is also used as an informal measure in surveying, with the "pace" equal to two of the surveyor's steps reckoned through comparison with a standard rod or chain.
Phil Turner (footballer, born 1962)
Philip Turner (born 12 February 1962) is an English retired footballer.

Turner, a central midfielder, began his career at Lincoln City with whom he won promotion to the Third Division in 1981 under Colin Murphy, and formed midfield partnerships with Glenn Cockerill and then Neil Redfearn before joining Grimsby Town in 1986. In May 1985 he was to witness a nightmare when 56 spectators were killed in a horrendous stand fire while playing Bradford City. A brief spell at Leicester City followed before he joined Notts County in 1989. He would become a stalwart of the Magpies side, winning back-to-back promotions in 1990 and 1991, and remained at the club until his professional retirement in 1996. Turner made one final appearance as a substitute for Grantham Town on the opening day of the 2004/05 season.

Colin Murphy (footballer, born 1944)
Colin Victor Murphy (21 January 1944 – 16 September 2023) was an English football player and manager who took charge of numerous clubs during a long management career, including Derby County, Lincoln City, Stockport County, Al Ittihad, Southend United, Shelbourne, Notts County, Cork City, and the Vietnam and Burma national teams.
Rivière-Mistassini, Quebec
Rivière-Mistassini (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ mistasini]) is an unorganized territory in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the regional county municipality of Maria-Chapdelaine. The territory had a population of 27 as of the Canada 2021 Census, and covered a land area of 17,629.74 km2.

The eponymous Mistassini River has its source in the far northern part of the territory and entirely bisects it from north to south.

Maria-Chapdelaine Regional County Municipality
Maria-Chapdelaine is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Dolbeau-Mistassini.

It runs from Lac Saint-Jean in the south to the deep interior of northern Quebec in the north.
Solun-Voden dialect
The Solun-Voden dialect, Lower Vardar dialect, or Kukush-Voden dialect is a South Slavic dialect spoken in parts of the Greek region of Central Macedonia, and the vicinity of Gevgelija and Dojran in the Republic of North Macedonia. It has been treated as part of both Macedonian and Bulgarian dialectology.

Kilkis
Kilkis (Greek: Κιλκίς Macedonian/Bulgarian:Кукуш, Kukush)  is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2021 there were 24,130 people living in the city proper, 27,493 people living in the municipal unit, and 45,308 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city of the regional unit of Kilkis.

The area of Kilkis, during the 20th century, became several times a war theatre; during the Macedonian Struggle, the Balkan Wars, World War I, World War II, the Greek Resistance and the Greek Civil War.
Richard Walsh (bishop)
Richard Walsh DD (b Gortroe 1697; d Cork 1763)  was an Irish Roman Catholic Bishop in the eighteenth century.

Walsh was a compromise candidate for the Bishopric of Cork. The two leading candidates were John O’Brien, Parish Priest of Castlelyons, and James Butler, nephew of the Archbishop of Cashel. He was consecrated on 10 January 1748 and served until his death.

Bishop of Cork
The Bishop of Cork was a separate episcopal title which took its name after the city of Cork in Ireland. The title is now united with other bishoprics. In the Church of Ireland it is held by the Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, and in the Roman Catholic Church it is held by the Bishop of Cork and Ross.
Treaty with Tunis (1824)
The Treaty with Tunis was signed on February 24, 1824 (24 Ramada II, A. H. 1239), between the United States of America and the "Barbary State" of Tunis, nominally part of the Ottoman Empire.

Ratified by the United States between January 13 and 21, 1825

Barbary Coast
The Barbary Coast (also Barbary, Berbery, or Berber Coast) were the coastal areas of central and western North Africa, more specifically, the Maghreb and the Ottoman borderlands consisting of the regencies in Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, as well as the Sultanate of Morocco from the 16th to 19th centuries. The term originates from an exonym for the Berbers.
Barbatpur railway station
Barbatpur railway station is a railway station of Bhopal–Nagpur section under Nagpur CR railway division of West Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. The station is situated at Shahpur, Barbatpur in Betul district of Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

Nagpur CR railway division
Nagpur CR railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1867 and its headquarter is located at Nagpur in the state of Maharashtra of India. It covers an East part of the state of Maharashtra and small part of Southern Madhya Pradesh.

Bhusawal railway division,  Solapur railway division,  Mumbai CR railway division, and Pune railway division are the other  railway divisions under CR Zone headquartered at  Mumbai CST.
Cradle of Liberty Council
The Cradle of Liberty Council (#525) is a Scouting America council created in 1996 with the merger of the former Philadelphia Council (covering the city and county of Philadelphia) and the former Valley Forge Council (covering Delaware and Montgomery counties).

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Hasan Abdulkareem
Hasan Abdulkareem Jabbar Sayyid (Arabic: حَسَن عَبْد الْكَرِيم جَبَّار سَيِّد; born 1 January 1999), also known as Qoqiah (Arabic: قُوقِيَّة), is an Iraqi footballer who plays as a midfielder for Iraqi club Al-Zawraa and the Iraq national team.

2018–19 Iraqi Premier League
The 2018–19 Iraqi Premier League (Arabic: الدوري العراقي الممتاز 2018–19) was the 45th season of the Iraqi Premier League, the highest division for Iraqi association football clubs, since its establishment in 1974. The season started on 14 September 2018 and ended on 24 July 2019.

A two-horse title race ensued for most of the season and Al-Shorta ended up as champions by finishing five points ahead of Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya at the top of the table. During this season, Al-Shorta managed to equal the record of 39 consecutive Iraqi Premier League matches undefeated set by Al-Zawraa in 1994. The club's manager Nebojša Jovović became the first manager from Europe to win the Iraqi Premier League title.
Staten Island Heights
Staten Island Heights (76°49′S 160°57′E﻿ / ﻿76.817°S 160.950°E﻿ / -76.817; 160.950) is a predominantly flat, ice-covered upland between Greenville Valley and Alatna Valley in the Convoy Range of Victoria Land, Antarctica.

Mackay Glacier
Mackay Glacier (76°58′S 162°0′E﻿ / ﻿76.967°S 162.000°E﻿ / -76.967; 162.000) is a large glacier in Victoria Land, descending eastward from the Antarctic Plateau, between the Convoy Range and Clare Range, into the southern part of Granite Harbour. It was discovered by the South magnetic pole party of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1907–09, and named for Alistair Mackay, a member of the party. The glacier's tongue is called Mackay Glacier Tongue. First mapped by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 and named for Alistair F.
Mackay, a member of the party.
Its mouth is south of the Evans Piedmont Glacier and the Mawson Glacier.
It is north of the Wilson Piedmont Glacier and the Ferrar Glacier.