hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter Hansen House (Pierre, South Dakota)
The Peter Hansen House is a Lustron house located at 1123 E. Capitol St. in Pierre, South Dakota. Built in 1949, the house is a Westchester Deluxe model Lustron house, the most popular model of the homes. Lustron houses were steel homes built after World War II to address the housing shortage created by returning soldiers. There are two remaining Lustron houses in Pierre, including the Peter Hansen House, and 38 in South Dakota.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 10, 1999.

Lustron house
Lustron houses are prefabricated enameled steel houses developed in the post-World War II era United States in response to the shortage of homes for returning G.I.s by Lustron Corporation and Chicago industrialist and inventor Carl Strandlund. Considered low-maintenance and extremely durable, they were expected to attract modern families who might not have the time for, or interest in, repairing and painting conventional wood and plaster houses. Lustron production ceased in 1950 due to the company's inability to pay back the startup loans it had received from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Over 2,000 homes were constructed during the Lustron's brief production period, and many remain in use today. Several have been added to the National Register of Historic Places.
John P. Dunn
John Patrick Dunn (April 11, 1852 – May 29, 1906) was an Irish American clerk, merchant and politician who served as auditor of San Francisco from 1879 to 1881 and as the 17th controller of California from 1883 to 1891. He was the last Democrat to hold the latter office until the election of Alan Cranston in 1958.

California State Controller
The state controller of California is a constitutional office in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of California. Thirty-three individuals have held the office of state controller since statehood. The incumbent is Malia Cohen, a Democrat. The state controller's main office is located at 300 Capitol Mall in Sacramento.
Friends Relief Service
The Friends Relief Service (FRS) was a voluntary humanitarian relief organisation formally established by a committee of Britain Yearly Meeting in November 1940.  Largely staffed by pacifists and conscientious objectors, its aim was to provide humanitarian relief and social welfare to civilians affected by World War II. Key areas of operation included British cities affected by The Blitz, and refugee camps throughout north-west Europe, the Balkans and the Middle-East. One of its teams was also amongst the first humanitarian groups to reach Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. The organisation had three changes of name: Friends War Victims Relief Committee (November 1940 - February 1942); Friends War Relief Service (February 1942 - September 1943) and the Friends Relief Service (September 1943 - May 1948). The FRS was closed down on May 29, 1948.

Quaker Peace and Social Witness
Quaker Peace & Social Witness (QPSW), previously known as the Friends Service Council, and then as Quaker Peace and Service, is one of the central committees of the Britain Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends – the national organisation of Quakers in Britain.  It works to promote British Quakers' testimonies of equality, justice, peace, simplicity and truth, alongside both small local and large international pressure groups.

In 1947, the then Friends Service Council received the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the American Friends Service Committee, on behalf of the Quakers.
State of the Onion
State of the Onion is a book written by Julie Hyzy and published by Berkley Books (owned by Penguin Group) on 2 January 2008, which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best Paperback Original in 2009.

Anthony Awards
The Anthony Awards are literary awards for mystery writers presented at the Bouchercon World Mystery Convention since 1986. The awards are named for Anthony Boucher (1911–1968), one of the founders of the Mystery Writers of America.
Legionella jeonii
Candidatus Legionella jeonii is a candidatus species of bacteria from the genus Legionella.  Previously known as X-bacterium, Candidatus Legionella jeonii grows symbiotically in Amoeba proteus. This endosymbiotic relationship was first noticed by Kwang Jeon and Joan Lorch in 1966.

A more recent reference dropped "Candidatus" from its name.

Legionella
Legionella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid. Most Legionella species are intracellular pathogens whose primary hosts are amoebae, however many Legionella are accidental pathogens of humans. Legionella bacteria are known to cause legionellosis (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. These bacteria are common in many places, like soil and water. There are over 50 species and 70 types (serogroups) identified. Legionella does not spread from person-to-person. Most individuals who are exposed to the bacteria do not get sick. Most outbreaks result from poorly maintained cooling towers.

The cell wall of the Legionella bacteria has parts that determine its specific type. The structural arrangement and building blocks (sugars) in the cell wall help classify the bacteria.
Entente Melun-Fontainebleau 77
Entente Melun-Fontainebleau 77 was a football club located in the towns of Melun and Fontainebleau, France. It was founded in 1987 as a result of a merger between CS Fontainebleau and US Melun, but the club split in 1988. CS Fontainebleau returned to their former name, while US Melun merged with Dammarie-lès-Lys to create Sporting Melun-Dammarie 77.

The club played only one season, during which it competed in the Division 2. The team finished in the relegation zone. In the Coupe de France, they were eliminated in the round of 64, having lost 2–1 to Division 3 club Évreux.

Melun
Melun (French pronunciation: [məlœ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region, north-central France. It is located on the southeastern outskirts of Paris, about 41 kilometres (25+1⁄2 miles) from the centre of the capital. Melun is the prefecture of Seine-et-Marne, and the seat of one of its arrondissements. Its inhabitants are called Melunais.
Locomotives of the Great North of Scotland Railway
The locomotives of the Great North of Scotland Railway were used by the Great North of Scotland Railway to operate its lines in the far north-east of the country. The railway opened in 1854 with just five 2-4-0 steam locomotives, and from 1862 it used 4-4-0 exclusively as the wheel arrangement for its tender locomotives. When it expanded by amalgamation in 1866, it inherited some locomotives from these companies. It purchased most of its locomotives, although building a small number itself, two at its first works at Kittybrewster, and ten later at Inverurie Locomotive Works.

When the Great North of Scotland became part of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923, it passed on 122 steam locomotives, 100 4-4-0 tender locomotives and 22 tank engines, all of which were capable of being used on both passenger and goods trains. One locomotive, No. 49, Gordon Highlander, has been preserved as a static exhibit.

Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company was a locomotive manufacturing company founded in 1823 in Forth Street, Newcastle upon Tyne in England. It was the first company in the world created specifically to build railway engines.

Famous early locomotives were Locomotion No. 1 and Rocket. By 1899, 3,000 locomotives had been built at the Forth Street site, and a new company was formed, Robert Stephenson and Company Limited, and the Darlington works was opened.

In 1937, the company merged with Hawthorn Leslie to form Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns. In 1944, they became part of English Electric.
2019 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
The 2019 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships were the World Championship for cyclo-cross for the season 2018–19. These were held in Bogense in Denmark on 2 and 3 February 2019. The championships featured five events; men's races for elite, under-23 and junior riders, and women's races for elite and under-23 riders.

UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
The UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships are the world championships for cyclo-cross organised by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Starting in 2022, seven events are organized each year – men's elite, women's elite, men's under 23, women's under 23, men's under 18 (Men's Juniors), women's under 18 (Women's Juniors) and a Mixed team relay event. In recent years, the mixed relay race is held on a Friday and the rest of the races on Saturday and Sunday after that.

The UCI awards a gold medal and a rainbow jersey to the winner. Silver and bronze medals are awarded to the second and third place contestants. World champions wear their rainbow jersey until the following year's championship, but they may wear it only in the type of event in which they won it.
Cow-rumen RNA motif
Cow-rumen RNA motifs refer to conserved RNA structures discovered by bioinformatics that are found exclusively in metagenomics DNA samples isolated from cow rumen.  Thus, the organisms containing these RNAs have not yet been determined.  Organisms that are common in rumen have been studied.

The cow-rumen-1 to -4 motifs likely function in trans as sRNAs.

Bioinformatics discovery of non-coding RNAs
Non-coding RNAs have been discovered using both experimental and bioinformatic approaches.  Bioinformatic approaches can be divided into three main categories.  The first involves homology search, although these techniques are by definition unable to find new classes of ncRNAs.  The second category includes algorithms designed to discover specific types of ncRNAs that have similar properties.  Finally, some discovery methods are based on very general properties of RNA, and are thus able to discover entirely new kinds of ncRNAs.
Dion River
The Dion river (in French: rivière Dion) is a tributary on the east bank of the Nicolet Southwest River. Its course crosses the municipalities of Saint-Camille, Wotton and Saint-Georges-de-Windsor, in the Les Sources Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Estrie, in Quebec, in Canada.

Nicolet Centre River
The Nicolet Centre River (in French: rivière Nicolet Centre) is a tributary on the west bank of the Nicolet Southwest River. It flows into the municipality of Wotton, in the Les Sources Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Estrie, in Quebec, in Canada.
Jovan Markoski
Jovan Markoski (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Маркоски; born 23 June 1980) is a Serbian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Since July 2025, he has been the head coach of the Ukrainian third-tier club, FC Hirnyk-Sport Horishni Plavni.

At international level, Markoski was capped four times for Serbia and Montenegro between 2003 and 2004.

2015–16 Serbian First League
The Serbian First League (Serbian: Prva liga Srbije) is the second-highest football league in Serbia. The league is operated by the Serbian FA. 16 teams compete in the league for the 2015–16 season. Two teams were promoted to the Serbian SuperLiga. Four teams were relegated to the Serbian League, the third-highest division overall in the Serbian football league system. The season begun in August 2015 and ended in May 2016.
Middle Cemetery
The Middle Cemetery is an historic cemetery on Main Street in southern Lancaster, Massachusetts.  Established in 1798, it is the town's third oldest cemetery, with active burials taking place until 1969.  The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

Lancaster, Massachusetts
Lancaster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1653, Lancaster is the oldest town in Worcester County. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 8,441. It contains the village of South Lancaster.
Halsted station (CTA North Side Main Line)
Halsted was a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's North Side Main Line, which is now part of the Brown Line. The station was located at 1618 N. Halsted Street in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago. Halsted was situated south of Armitage (and, until 1942, south of Willow)  and north of Larrabee, which closed at the same time as Halsted. It was one of only four "L" stations that were built on s-curves; Sheridan, Indiana, and Sacramento were the other three. Halsted opened on May 31, 1900, and closed on August 1, 1949, along with 22 other stations as part of a CTA service revision.

Armitage station
Armitage is a Chicago Transit Authority "L" elevated station with two side platforms in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, on the Brown Line; Purple Line express trains also stop at the station during weekday rush hours. Red Line trains pass through on the middle tracks, but do not stop. Just south of the platforms is where the Red Line tracks descend into the State Street subway. It is located near the Lincoln Park Zoo, and is accessible via the 73 Armitage bus route.
Hayling Island railway station
Hayling Island (called South Hayling until 1892) was a station on Hayling Island in southeastern Hampshire, England. It was opened for passengers in 1867 as the terminus of the four and a half mile Hayling Island branch, a single track line from Havant which transported holidaymakers to the resort until its closure in 1963.

The station had a small wooden coal stage used to refill the bunkers of the A1X steam locomotives working the branch. Goods services, including wagons of coal for the locomotives, continued until the last day of operation.

The only part of the station remaining today is the former goods shed which was incorporated into a theatre, and is a landmark on one end of the Hayling Billy Trail.

Hayling Island branch line
The Hayling Island branch was a short railway branch line in Hampshire, England, that connected a station on Hayling Island with the main line network at Havant. It was built by the Hayling Railway; at first the company planned to run it along a new embankment built along tidal mudflats, but this proved impractical. The line was opened along firm ground in 1867.

The line included a bridge and viaduct over tidal water at Langstone; there was a low weight restriction on the viaduct, and only small locomotives were allowed to use it; this resulted in the survival in active service of former LB&SCR A1 class tank engines (known as "Terriers") until closure of the line.

In the early 1960s large numbers of holidaymakers were carried on the line in high season, but heavy expenditure on repairs to the viaduct would have been necessary, and the cost was unsupportable; the line closed in 1963.
Gujarat Marine Police
Gujarat Marine Police was set up for peacetime patrol of the state's 1,600-kilometre-long (990 mi) coastline including coastal area and inshore sea due to the proximity to the Pakistan border as well as the presence of important structures like petroleum refinery. It has been envisaged as the first line of defence along Gujarat's coastline to patrol a radius of 10 km from the shore. Thereafter, the Indian Coast Guard is responsible for the 10–50-kilometre (6.2–31.1 mi) area, with the Indian Navy guarding the area beyond that. Currently, this area is secured by the Indian Coast Guard.

Indian Coast Guard
The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) is a maritime law enforcement and search and rescue agency for India with jurisdiction over its territorial waters, including its contiguous zone and exclusive economic zone. It was started in February 1977 and formally established in August 1978 by the Coast Guard Act, 1978 of the Parliament of India. It operates under the Ministry of Defence.

The ICG works in close cooperation with the Indian Navy, the Department of Fisheries, the Department of Revenue (Customs), and the Coastal Police of the State Police Forces, and the Central Armed Police Forces.
US Foods
US Foods Holding Corp. (formerly known as U.S. Food service) is an American food service distributor. It is the second-largest food service distributor in the U.S., after Sysco. The company supplies 250,000 locations including independent restaurants, chain restaurants, healthcare, hospitality, and educational institutions.

In 2024, 34% of revenues came from meats and seafoods, 17% of revenues came from dry grocery products, 17% of revenue came from refrigerated and frozen grocery products, 11% of revenues came from dairy, 9% of revenues came from supplies, 6% of revenues came from produce, and 6% of revenues came from beverages.

The company is ranked 122nd on the Fortune 500 and 1127th on the Forbes Global 2000.

Sara Lee Corporation
The Sara Lee Corporation was an American consumer-goods company based in Downers Grove, Illinois. The Sara Lee name was used of a number of frozen and packaged foods, often known for the long-running slogan "Everybody doesn't like something, but nobody doesn't like Sara Lee".

In 2005, Sara Lee Corporation had operations in more than 40 countries; sold food, beverage, and household products in over 180 countries; and had some 137,000 employees worldwide. In 2005, Sara Lee Corporation was split into two companies: one for North American operations renamed Hillshire Brands, which continued to use the Sara Lee name on bakery and certain deli products, and the other for international beverage and bakery businesses that was named D.E Master Blenders 1753. Hillshire Brands was acquired by Tyson Foods in 2014.

In 2018, Tyson Foods sold the Sara Lee brand and product line to private investment firm Kohlberg & Company.
R.I. Bong Air Force Base
Richard I. Bong Air Force Base is an unfinished Air Force base. It was named after World War II aviator Major Richard Ira Bong. The base was intended to be an air defense fighter base for the Chicago and Milwaukee areas. It was conceived in the early 1950s and construction began in the mid-1950s. Construction had barely begun when the base was transferred to the Strategic Air Command. Eventually, the base was considered obsolete as it had become apparent to Air Force officials that the base would be redundant with installations nearby that would soon have space for more units. The base was abandoned in 1959 and disposed of the following year.

The base is not to be confused with the planned renaming of Spokane Air Force Base, Washington, as Bong Air Force Base, which was the planned name of that facility until General Muir Fairchild died on active duty in 1950, cementing "Fairchild" onto the name of the current Fairchild Air Force Base.

James H. Douglas Jr.
James Henderson Douglas Jr. (March 11, 1899 – February 24, 1988) was an American lawyer and government official who was Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, serving under both President Herbert Hoover and President Franklin Roosevelt. During the Eisenhower Administration, he served in the United States Department of Defense as Secretary of the Air Force and Deputy Secretary of Defense.
North Wootton, Somerset
North Wootton is a village and civil parish, on the River Redlake, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south east of Wells, and 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south west of Shepton Mallet in the county of Somerset, England.

The village is on the Monarch's Way long-distance footpath.

Shepton Mallet
Shepton Mallet is a market town and civil parish in Somerset, England, some 16 miles (26 kilometres) southwest of Bath, 18 miles (29 kilometres) south of Bristol and 5 miles (8.0 kilometres) east of Wells. It had an estimated population of 10,810 in 2019. Mendip District Council was based there. The Mendip Hills lie to the north and the River Sheppey runs through the town, as does the route of the Fosse Way, the main Roman road between north-east and south-west England. There is evidence of Roman settlement. Its listed buildings include a medieval parish church. Shepton Mallet Prison was England's oldest, but closed in March 2013. The medieval wool trade gave way to trades such as brewing in the 18th century. It remains noted for cider production. It is the closest town to the Glastonbury Festival and nearby the Royal Bath and West of England Society showground.
Compression body
In the theory of 3-manifolds, a compression body is a kind of generalized handlebody.

A compression body is either a handlebody or the result of the following construction:

Let  be a compact, closed surface (not necessarily connected).   Attach 1-handles to  along .

Let  be a compression body. The negative boundary of C, denoted , is .  (If  is a handlebody then .) The positive boundary of C, denoted , is  minus the negative boundary.

There is a dual construction of compression bodies starting with a surface  and attaching 2-handles to . In this case  is , and  is  minus the positive boundary.

Compression bodies often arise when manipulating Heegaard splittings.

3-manifold
In mathematics, a 3-manifold is a topological space that locally looks like a three-dimensional Euclidean space. A 3-manifold can be thought of as a possible shape of the universe. Just as a sphere looks like a plane (a tangent plane) to a small and close enough observer, all 3-manifolds look like our universe to a small enough observer. This is made more precise in the definition below.
Ark (novel)
Ark is a 2009 hard science fiction novel by English author Stephen Baxter. It is a sequel to his 2008 novel Flood. Ark deals with the journey of the starship Ark One, and the continuing human struggle for survival on Earth after the catastrophic events of Flood. The series continues in three pendant stories, which are described in the plot summary below.

Being hard SF, Ark contains many references to unrealised or hypothesised technology (Project Orion, the Alcubierre drive), physics (antimatter), and hypotheses about extraterrestrial life. Baxter credits several books and academic works in an afterword: See Scientific background below.

Hard science fiction
Hard science fiction is a category of science fiction characterized by concern for scientific accuracy and logic. The term was first used in print in 1957 by P. Schuyler Miller in a review of John W. Campbell's Islands of Space in the November issue of Astounding Science Fiction. The complementary term soft science fiction, formed by analogy to the popular distinction between the "hard" (natural) and "soft" (social) sciences, first appeared in the late 1970s. Though there are examples generally considered as "hard" science fiction such as Isaac Asimov's Foundation series, built on mathematical sociology, science fiction critic Gary Westfahl argues that while neither term is part of a rigorous taxonomy, they are approximate ways of characterizing stories that reviewers and commentators have found useful.