hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Insulation system
The electrical insulation system for wires used in generators, electric motors, transformers, and other wire-wound electrical components is divided into different classes by temperature and temperature rise. The electrical insulation system is sometimes referred to as insulation class or thermal classification. The different classes are defined by NEMA, Underwriters Laboratories (UL), and IEC standards.

For complete electrically operated appliances, the "insulation system" is the overall design of electrical insulation of the energized components to ensure correct function of the device and protection of the user from electric shock.

National Electrical Manufacturers Association
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) is the largest trade association of electrical equipment manufacturers in the United States. Founded in 1926, it advocates for the industry and publishes standards for electrical products.  Notably, the form of US household electrical outlets and plugs is specified by NEMA.
Old Tai O Police Station
The Old Tai O Police Station is a former police station in Hong Kong. It is located on the small hill next to Tai O Ferry Pier, at the south-western tip of Tai O, which can
be considered the most westerly point within Hong Kong.

The Tai O Cultural Relics Hotel operates in a social enterprise mode, with over half of the staff being Tai O or Lantau residents.

Boutique hotel
Boutique hotels are small-capacity hotels that provide more personalized service than typical hotels. They typically have fewer than a hundred rooms, and are considered more "trendy" and "intimate", often due to their location in urban areas. They will usually also display a strong sense of aesthetic, and have a unique, un-homogenized character. They may be themed too, such as by having a focus on nature, environment, cuisine, history, community and cultural immersion, attentive service, or well-being.
SS Iosco
Iosco (Official number 100484) was a Great Lakes freighter that served on the Great Lakes from her construction in 1891 to her foundering on September 2, 1905, when she and her tow, the schooner barge Olive Jeanette sank on Lake Superior. While Olive Jeanette's wreck was located in over 300 feet (91 m) of water about eight miles (13 km) off the Huron Islands in the 1990s, Iosco's wreck has not yet been found.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Hølonda Church
Hølonda Church (Norwegian: Hølonda kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located near the Krokstad farm, just west of Gåsbakken which is about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) west of the village of Hovin and about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southwest of the village of Korsvegen. It is the church for the Hølanda parish which is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform style in 1848 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Heinrich Grosch. The church seats about 250 people.

Hovin, Trøndelag
Hovin is a village in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the river Gaula between the villages of Støren and Lundamo. Hovin has several distinct terraces in the hillsides, which are remnants of old shorelines following the end of the last ice age.

The 0.47-square-kilometre (120-acre) village has a population (2024) of 841 and a population density of 1,789 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,630/sq mi).

The European route E06 highway runs north–south through the village. The Dovrebanen railway line also runs north–south through Hovin. Hovin Station is located in the village along the railway line, but only used for local traffic. The Gulfoss Tunnel is a railway tunnel that runs under a large residential area in Hovin.
Heath, Cardiff
Heath (Welsh: Y Mynydd Bychan) is a district, community and coterminous electoral ward in the north of Cardiff, capital of Wales. It is a predominantly affluent area with property prices being the third highest in the city. The area is known for its traditional 1930s detached and semi-detached properties with large south facing gardens. Roads are tree lined and large greeneries with the notable attraction of Heath Park and the joining of the University Hospital of Wales.

The population of the ward and community taken at the 2011 census was 12,629.

Cardiff Council
Cardiff Council, formally the County Council of the City and County of Cardiff (Welsh: Cyngor Sir Dinas a Sir Caerdydd) is the governing body for Cardiff, one of the principal areas of Wales. The principal area and its council were established in 1996 to replace the previous Cardiff City Council which had been a lower-tier authority within South Glamorgan. Cardiff Council consists of 79 councillors, representing 28 electoral wards.

Labour has held a majority of the seats on the council since 2012. The last election was in May 2022 and the next election is due in 2027.
Channing School
Channing School is an independent day school for girls at Highgate Hill in Highgate, North London. Channing School is a member of the Girls' Schools Association. The junior school  is for pupils aged four to twelve and includes the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS).

The Independent Schools Inspectorate (ISI), in April 2015, awarded Channing School the highest possible judgements in each category inspected, saying 'The quality of the pupils' achievements and learning is exceptional'.

The Good Schools Guide called the school "A sheltered, isolated school in a beautiful setting, less pressured than many London girls' schools but still getting excellent results and producing self-assured young women."

Girls' Schools Association
The Girls' Schools Association (GSA) is a membership association for the heads of independent and state girls' schools in the United Kingdom. It is a constituent member of the Independent Schools Council (ISC), and works with the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL).
Lynching of Willie James Howard
Willie James Howard (July 13, 1928 – January 2, 1944) was a 15-year-old African-American living in Live Oak, Suwannee County, Florida. He was drowned for having given Christmas cards to all his co-workers at the Van Priest Dime Store, including Cynthia Goff, a white girl, followed by a letter to her on New Year's Day.

Suwannee County, Florida
Suwannee County is a county located in the north central portion of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,474, up from 41,551 in 2010. Its county seat is Live Oak. Suwannee County was a dry county until August 2011, when the sale of alcoholic beverages became legal in the county.
Zinc cadmium sulfide
Zinc cadmium sulfide  is a mixture of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and cadmium sulfide (CdS). It is  used for its fluorescent properties. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur along the food chain, for example in plants and in seafood. Long-term or repeated exposures are expected to have harmful effects on the kidneys, bones, and respiratory tract, resulting in kidney impairment, osteoporosis (bone weakness), and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Zinc sulfide
Zinc sulfide (or zinc sulphide) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of ZnS. This is the main form of zinc found in nature, where it mainly occurs as the mineral sphalerite. Although this mineral is usually black because of various impurities, the pure material is white, and it is widely used as a pigment. In its dense synthetic form, zinc sulfide can be transparent, and it is used as a window for visible optics and infrared optics.
Canadian Business Hall of Fame
The Canadian Business Hall of Fame celebrates the outstanding achievements of Canada's most distinguished business leaders, past and present. Over 170 Order of the Business Hall of Fame Companions serve as inspiring examples for all young Canadians and are featured in a display in the Allen Lambert Galleria located at Brookfield Place in Toronto, Ontario.  Companions are selected by an independent panel representing Canadian business, academic and media institutions.

The Canadian Business Hall of Fame was established by Junior Achievement of Canada in 1979.

Junior Achievement
JA (Junior Achievement) Worldwide is the global coordinating body of the Junior Achievement network, a non-profit youth organization founded in 1919 in the United States by Horace A. Moses, Theodore Vail, and Winthrop M. Crane. It supports member organizations that deliver classroom and experiential programs in work readiness, financial literacy, and entrepreneurship. As of 2024, the network operates in more than 100 countries and reaches roughly ten million students annually, according to the World Economic Forum.
HM Prison Haverigg
HM Prison Haverigg is a Category D men's prison, located in the village of Haverigg (near Millom) in Cumbria, and historically in Cumberland, England. The prison is situated just outside the Lake District National Park.

Haverigg Prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service, and is part of the Cumbria and Lancashire prison group.

Prisoner security categories in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, prisoners are divided into four categories of security. Each adult is assigned to a category according to their crime, sentence, the risk of escape, and violent tendencies. The categories are designated with the letters A to D, with A being the highest level of security, and D the lowest.

There are three different prison services in the United Kingdom, and separate services for the three Crown Dependencies, i.e., the Channel Islands jointly and the Isle of Man. His Majesty's Prison Service manages prisons in England and Wales, and also serves as the National Offender Management Service for England and Wales. Prisons in Scotland are managed by the Scottish Prison Service and prisons in Northern Ireland are managed by the Northern Ireland Prison Service.
My Way or the Highway to Heaven
"My Way or the Highway to Heaven" is the 642nd episode of the American animated television series The Simpsons and the third episode of the thirtieth season. It aired in the United States on Fox on October 14, 2018. The episode was directed by Rob Oliver and written by Deb Lacusta, Dan Castellaneta, and Vince Waldron.

In this episode, Ned tells the story of him saving a young Homer, Marge tells the story of her grandmother fighting Nazis, and Lisa tells the story of a female version of the Buddha. H. Jon Benjamin, Dan Mintz, Eugene Mirman, John Roberts, and Kristen Schaal guest starred as their characters from the television series Bob's Burgers. Actors Jon Lovitz and Tracy Morgan appeared as themselves. The episode received positive reviews.

Moe Szyslak
Moammar "Moe" Szyslak (/ˈsɪzlæk/ SIZ-lak) (Polish pronunciation: [ʂɨslak]) is a recurring character from the animated television series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Hank Azaria and first appeared in the series premiere episode "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire". Moe is the proprietor and bartender of Moe's Tavern, a Springfield bar frequented by Homer Simpson, Barney Gumble, Lenny Leonard, Carl Carlson, Sam, Larry, and others.

Grouchy, lonely, miserable, and prone to violent outbursts, Moe is constantly down on his luck and has attempted suicide numerous times. Other running jokes featuring him include being prank called by Bart Simpson, running illegal activities from his bar, his ugliness and his inconsistent stories about his ethnic origin and what "Moe" is short for. Although he is generally quite disagreeable and confrontational, he is frequently shown to have a tender heart beneath his cantankerous exterior.
Negu Gorriak
Negu Gorriak (Basque for "Red Winters" or "Severe/Harsh Winters") were an underground group from the Basque Country. Their musical style combines various styles such as hardcore punk, hip-hop, ska, and reggae, always linked to the band's  political ideology and its identification with the Basque Country and its language (Euskara).

Basque Country (greater region)
The Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria; Spanish: País Vasco; French: Pays basque; Occitan: Pais Basco) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque Country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay.

Encompassing the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France, the region is home to the Basque people (Basque: Euskaldunak), their language (Basque: Euskara), culture and traditions. The area is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, and certain areas have a majority of people who do not consider themselves Basque, such as the south of Navarre. The concept is still highly controversial, and the Supreme Court of Navarre has upheld a denial of government funding to school books that include the Navarre community within the Basque Country area.
Cataleptodius
Cataleptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:

Cataleptodius floridanus  (Gibbes, 1850)

Cataleptodius occidentalis  (Stimpson, 1871)

Cataleptodius snodgrassi  (Rathbun, 1902)

Cataleptodius taboganus  (Rathbun, 1912)

Xanthidae
Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and  for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Cello Concerto (Tchaikovsky/Leonovich)
The Cello Concerto of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is a conjectural work based in part on a 60-bar fragment found on the back of the rough draft for the last movement of the composer's Sixth Symphony, the Pathétique. In 2006, Ukrainian composer and cellist Yuriy Leonovich completed the work.

This work is not to be confused with the Cello Concerto in E major that cellist Gaspar Cassadó arranged in 1940 from some of Tchaikovsky's Op. 72 piano works. Leonovich, however, cites his learning of the Cassadó arrangement as an inspiration for his own work.

Piano Concerto No. 2 (Tchaikovsky)
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 2 in G major, Op. 44, was written in 1879–1880 and dedicated to Nikolai Rubinstein, who had insisted he perform it at the premiere as a way of making up for his harsh criticism of Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto. But Rubinstein never played it, as he died in March 1881, and the work has never attained much popularity.

The premiere performance took place in New York City, on 12 November 1881. The soloist was Madeline Schiller, and Theodore Thomas conducted the New York Philharmonic orchestra. The first Russian performance was in Moscow in May 1882, conducted by Anton Rubinstein with Tchaikovsky's pupil, Sergei Taneyev, at the piano.
Semisimple operator
In mathematics, a linear operator T : V → V on a vector space V is semisimple if every T-invariant subspace has a  complementary T-invariant subspace. If T is a semisimple linear operator on V, then V is a semisimple representation of T. Equivalently, a linear operator is semisimple if its minimal polynomial  is a product of distinct irreducible polynomials.

A linear operator on a finite-dimensional vector space over an algebraically closed field is semisimple if and only if it is diagonalizable.

Over a perfect field, the Jordan–Chevalley decomposition expresses an endomorphism  as a sum of a semisimple endomorphism s and a nilpotent endomorphism n such that both s and n are polynomials in x.

Invariant subspace
In mathematics, an invariant subspace of a linear mapping T : V → V  i.e. from some vector space V to itself, is a subspace W of V that is preserved by T.  More generally, an invariant subspace for a collection of linear mappings is a subspace preserved by each mapping individually.
Český svaz orientačních sportů
The Český svaz orientačních sportů (ČSOS) (Czech Orienteering Federation) is the national Orienteering Association in Czech Republic. It is recognized as the orienteering association for the Czech Republic by the International Orienteering Federation, of which it is a member.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Tuscumbia (YTB-762)
Tuscumbia (YTB-762) was a United States Navy Natick-class large harbor tug. The second ship to bear the name, Tuscumbia was named for the town of Tuscumbia, Alabama, which had been named for a Cherokee chief.

Natick-class tugboat
The Natick class is a class of harbor tugboats that have been active since the 1960s. Members of the class are named for Native American peoples and their members, USS Redwing excepted. As of 1 April 2015, five to eight Natick-class tugs remain in active service. Members of this class were designed under project SCB 147A.
Minister of Transport (France)
The Minister of Transport (French: Ministre des Transports) is a cabinet member in the Government of France.

The position was created in 1870 as a modification to the position of Minister of Public Works (Ministre des Travaux Publics), which had been established in 1830. It has frequently been combined with the position of Minister of Infrastructure (Ministre de l'Équipement), Minister of Housing (Ministre du Logement), Minister of Tourism (Ministre du Tourisme), Minister of Territorial Development (Ministre de l'Aménagement du territoire), as well as Minister of the Sea (Ministre de la Mer). Following the election of Nicolas Sarkozy as President of France in 2007, the Ministry of Transport, Public Works, Tourism and the Sea was absorbed by the Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable and Territorial Development.

The position holder in the Borne, Attal, and Barnier governments held the title of minister delegate (Ministre délégué aux Transports).

Ministry of Ecological Transition (France)
The Ministry of Ecological Transition (French: Ministère de la Transition écologique), commonly just referred to as Ministry of Ecology, is a department of the Government of France. It is responsible for preparing and implementing the government's policy in the fields of sustainable development, climate, energy transition and biodiversity. Monique Barbut was appointed Minister of Ecological Transition on 12 October 2025 in the Second Lecornu government.

The cabinet ministry is in Paris, while the ministry's administration is in the following places: Grande Arche Paroi Sud and Tour Sequoia, both in La Défense.
Rovana, California
Rovana is an unincorporated community in Inyo County, California. It is located at the western edge of Owens Valley, 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north-northeast of Mount Tom, at an elevation of 5141 feet (1567 m).

Mount Tom (California)
Mount Tom is a large and prominent peak near the city of Bishop in Inyo County of eastern California. It is in the Sierra Nevada and east of the Sierra Crest. The mountain is also in the John Muir Wilderness.

Along with its neighbor to the south, Basin Mountain, it dominates the western skyline from the upper Owens Valley.
Anson Rabinbach
Anson Gilbert Rabinbach (June 2, 1945 – February 2, 2025) was an American historian of modern Europe and the Philip and Beulah Rollins Professor of History at Princeton University. He is best known for his writings on labor, Nazi Germany, Austromarxism, and European thought in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In 1973 he co-founded the journal New German Critique, which he continued to co-edit.

George Mosse
Gerhard "George" Lachmann Mosse (September 20, 1918 – January 22, 1999) was a German-born, Jewish-American social and cultural historian, who emigrated from Nazi Germany to Great Britain and then to the United States. He was professor of history at the University of Iowa, the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and also in Israel, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Best known for his studies of Nazism, he authored more than 25 books on topics as diverse as constitutional history, Protestant theology, and the history of masculinity. In 1966, he and Walter Laqueur founded The Journal of Contemporary History, which they co-edited.
Quercus miquihuanensis
Quercus miquihuanensis is a species of oak in the family Fagaceae. It is endemic to the Nuevo León and Tamaulipas states of Mexico. It is an endangered species, threatened by habitat loss. It is placed in section Lobatae.

Quercus subg. Quercus
Quercus subgenus Quercus is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Cerris). It contains about 190 species divided among five sections. It may be called the New World clade or the high-latitude clade; most species are native to the Americas, the others being found in Eurasia and northernmost North Africa.
1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Meran, Italy under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for a record-tying third time, matching the record set by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977). It was the 18th edition. Meran hosted the event previously in 1953 and 1971. The mixed C2 event was discontinued and the program remained unchanged until the 2009 Championships.

1977 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1977 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Spittal, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record setting third time. It was the 15th edition. Spittal hosted the championships previously in 1963 and 1965. A record ten countries won medals at these championships, including the first for Australia.
Mountain beaver
The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a North American rodent. It is the only living member of its genus, Aplodontia, and family, Aplodontiidae. It should not be confused with true North American and Eurasian beavers, to which it is not closely related; the mountain beaver is instead more closely related to squirrels. There are seven subspecies of mountain beaver, six of which are found in California and three of which are endemic to the state.

Point Reyes
Point Reyes (/ˈreɪz/ RAYZ, Spanish: [ˈreʝes]; Spanish: Punta de los Reyes, lit. 'Cape of the Kings') is a prominent landform and popular tourist attraction on the Pacific coast of Marin County in Northern California. It is about 30 miles (50 km) west-northwest of San Francisco. The term is often applied to the Point Reyes Peninsula, the region bounded by Tomales Bay on the northeast and Bolinas Lagoon on the southeast. The majority of the peninsula as well as the headlands are protected as part of Point Reyes National Seashore.