hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Najas wrightiana
Najas wrightiana is a species of aquatic plant in the Hydrocharitaceae family. It is referred to by the common name Wright's waternymph, and is found in lakes and streams. It is native to Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, the Bahamas, Cuba, and Venezuela. It is also considered introduced and naturalized in southern Florida.

Hydrocharitaceae
Hydrocharitaceae is a flowering plant family which includes 14 accepted genera and a total of ca 135 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016). The family holds a number of species of aquatic plants, including tape-grass, the well-known Canadian waterweed, and frogbit.

The family includes both freshwater and marine aquatics. They are found throughout the world in a wide variety of habitats, but are primarily tropical.
Raymond C. Archibald
Raymond Clare Archibald (7 October 1875 – 26 July 1955) was a prominent Canadian-American mathematician.  He is known for his work as a historian of mathematics, his editorships of mathematical journals and his contributions to the teaching of mathematics.

Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a public primarily undergraduate liberal arts university located in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, founded in 1839.

Mount Allison was the first university in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman (Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc., 1875). It was also the first university in Canada to grant a bachelor of arts to a woman (Harriet Starr Stewart in 1882).

Graduates of Mount Allison have been awarded a total of 57 Rhodes Scholarships, the highest per capita of any university in the British Commonwealth.

It is ranked the top undergraduate university in Canada for a record 26th time, by Maclean's 2026 Annual University Ranking.
Akureyrarvöllur
Akureyrarvöllur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈaːkʏrˌeiːrarˌvœtlʏr̥], regionally also [ˈaːkʰʏr-], lit. 'Akureyri Field' or more precisely 'Akureyri Stadium') is a multi-use stadium in Akureyri, Iceland.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the former home stadium of Knattspyrnufélag Akureyrar. The stadium holds 1,645 spectators (715 seated).

After several years with the pitch in poor condition and games being frequently moved to nearby Dalvík, a decision was taken to leave the stadium and move all home games to the clubs base in the Lundarhverfi neighborhood where a new stadium is being built.

Knattspyrnufélag Akureyrar
Knattspyrnufélag Akureyrar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰnahtˌspɪ(r)tnʏˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈaːkʏrˌeiːrar̥], lit. 'Akureyri Football Club'), commonly abbreviated to KA, is an Icelandic multi-sport club based in Akureyri in the north of Iceland. The club was founded in 1928. The football team currently plays in Besta deild karla and have won the top flight once in 1989.
Merom Golan
Merom Golan (Hebrew: מרום גולן) is an Israeli settlement organized as a kibbutz in the Golan Heights. Located at the bottom of the volcanic crater of Mount Bental, it falls under the jurisdiction of Golan Regional Council. In 2023, it had a population of 802.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Golan Regional Council
Golan Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית גולן, Arabic: مجلس الجولان الإقليمي) is a regional council that supervises regional services to Israeli settlements located on the Golan Heights. It is made up of 18 moshavim, 10 kibbutzim, and 4 community settlements. The council headquarters is in the town of Katzrin. The current Head of Council is Haim Rokach.

The Golan Heights were captured by Israel from Syria in the Six-Day War of 1967 and Israeli law was imposed there in 1981. They are internationally recognized as Syrian territory occupied by Israel. The settlements in the Golan are considered to be illegal under international law.
Billy: The Early Years
Billy: The Early Years is a 2008 American biographical film directed by Robby Benson. The film tells the story of the early life of  evangelist Billy Graham, played by Armie Hammer. After almost a year and a half of delays, the film was released on DVD on March 16, 2010.

World Wide Pictures, the film distribution and production company that was created by the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, did not work on the film's production.

Billy Graham Evangelistic Association
The Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (BGEA) is a non-profit Christian outreach organization that promotes multimedia evangelism, conducts evangelistic crusades, and engages in disaster response. The BGEA operates the Billy Graham Training Center in Asheville, North Carolina, and the Billy Graham Library in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Scientific Library of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
The Scientific Library of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University (Ukrainian: Наукова бібліотека Львівського національного медичного університету імені Данила Галицького; transliterated Naukova biblioteka Lʹvivsʹkoho natsionalʹnoho medychnoho universytetu imeni Danyla Halytsʹkoho) is a department of the Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University that provides students with printed materials for education and research work.

University of Lviv
The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, Ukrainian: Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, romanized: Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko.

The university is the oldest institution of higher learning in continuous operation in present-day Ukraine, dating from 1661 when John II Casimir, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, granted it its first royal charter. Over the centuries, it has undergone various transformations, suspensions, and name changes that have reflected the geopolitical complexities of this part of Europe. The present institution can be dated to 1940.
History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1900–1999
The history of Dedham, Massachusetts in the 20th century saw great growth come to the town. It played host to the Sacco and Vanzetti trial, saw the Endicott Estate and a number of schools constructed, a great deal of economic development, and growth in the number of services provided by the Town.

Dedham Police Department
The Dedham Police Department is the municipal police department for the Town of Dedham, Massachusetts. Founded in 1876, it is currently led by Chief Michael D'Entremont and is housed in Dedham's Public Safety Building.
Pesto alla trapanese
Pesto alla trapanese (Italian: [ˈpesto alla trapaˈneːze]), also known as pesto alla siciliana (Italian: [ˈpesto alla sitʃiˈljaːna]) and as pasta cull'agghia in the Sicilian language, is the Sicilian variety of pesto, typical of the province of Trapani. It is made of garlic, basil, almonds, grated pecorino siciliano, tomatoes, salt, and black pepper, and bound with extra virgin olive oil. It sometimes called pesto rosso or red pesto, and has considerably less basil than the more common pesto genovese.

The dish was introduced in ancient times by Genoese ships, coming from the east and stopping at the port of Trapani, who brought the tradition of agliata, a sort of pesto sauce based on garlic and walnuts, which was then developed by Trapani sailors with the products of their land, notably tomato and almonds.

Busiati with pesto trapanese is listed as a prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale (PAT) by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies.

Pecorino siciliano
Pecorino siciliano (Sicilian: picurinu sicilianu; lit. 'Sicilian pecorino') is a firm sheep milk cheese from Sicily. This cheese comes from the classical Greek world: in ancient times it was recognized as one of the best cheeses in the world.

It is produced throughout the island, but especially in the provinces of Agrigento, Caltanissetta, Enna, Trapani, and Palermo. It is a pecorino-style cheese, like its close relation pecorino romano, but not as well known outside Italy as the latter. A semi-hard white cheese, it has a cylindrical shape and a weight of about 12 kg (26 lb).

The cheese was awarded with the denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) status in 1955 and the European Union protected designation of origin (PDO) status in 1996.
Durostorum Bay
Durostorum Bay (Bulgarian: залив Дуросторум, ‘Zaliv Durostorum’ \'za-liv du-ro-'sto-rum\) is the 6.7 km wide bay indenting for 3.9 km Oscar II Coast in Graham Land southeast of Sandilh Point and northwest of Ranyari Point.  It is part of Exasperation Inlet, formed as a result of the break-up of Larsen Ice Shelf in the area and the retreat of Pequod Glacier in the early 21st century, and named after the ancient town of Durostorum in Northeastern Bulgaria.

Exasperation Inlet
Exasperation Inlet  is a large ice-filled inlet, 16 miles (26 km) wide at its entrance between Foyn Point and Cape Disappointment, on the east coast of Graham Land. It was charted in 1947 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, who so named it because the disturbed nature of the ice in the vicinity caused considerable difficulty to sledging parties.
The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains
The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains (Chinese: 愚公移山; pinyin: Yúgōng Yíshān) is a well-known fable from Chinese mythology about the virtues of perseverance and willpower.
The tale first appeared in Book 5 of the Liezi, a Daoist text of the 4th century BC,
and was retold in the Garden of Stories by the Confucian scholar Liu Xiang in the 1st century BC.
It was also used by Mao Zedong in a famous speech in 1945.

Fable
Fable is a literary genre defined as a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, legendary creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are anthropomorphised, and that illustrates or leads to a particular moral lesson, which may at the end be added explicitly as a concise maxim or saying.

A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech or other powers of humankind. Conversely, an animal tale specifically includes talking animals as characters.

Usage has not always been so clearly distinguished. In the King James Version of the New Testament, "μῦθος" ("mythos") was rendered by the translators as "fable" in the First Epistle to Timothy, the Second Epistle to Timothy, the Epistle to Titus and the First Epistle of Peter.
Dimethylaminopropylamine
Dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) is a diamine used in the preparation of some surfactants, such as cocamidopropyl betaine which is an ingredient in many personal care products including soaps, shampoos, and cosmetics. BASF, a major producer, claims that DMAPA-derivatives do not sting the eyes and makes a fine-bubble foam, making it appropriate in shampoos.

Diamine
A diamine is an amine with two amino groups. Diamines are used as monomers to prepare polyamides, polyimides, and polyureas. The term diamine refers mostly to primary diamines, as those are the most reactive.
Penn State–West Virginia football rivalry
The Penn State–West Virginia football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Penn State Nittany Lions and West Virginia Mountaineers. Penn State leads the series 50–9–2.

Penn State and West Virginia have met 60 times, the third-highest number of meetings for a Nittany Lion opponent, trailing only the Pittsburgh Panthers (100) and Syracuse Orange (71). The Nittany Lions and Mountaineers first met in 1904 and played every season from 1947 to 1992 (46 consecutive games), with the series ending in 1993 after Penn State and West Virginia joined the Big Ten and Big East Conferences, respectively.

West Virginia Mountaineers football
The West Virginia Mountaineers football team represents West Virginia University (WVU) in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of college football. West Virginia plays its home games at Milan Puskar Stadium on the campus of West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia. The Mountaineers have won or shared a total of 15 conference championships, including eight Southern Conference titles and seven Big East Conference titles. The Mountaineers compete in the Big 12 Conference.
Ki Hine KaKhomer
Ki Hine KaKhomer (Hebrew: כִּי הִנֵּה כַּחֹמֶר, romanized: kī hinnē kāḥōmer, lit. 'Like clay'), is a Hebrew piyyut (liturgical poem) which is recited in Ashkenazi communities. Eastern Ashkenazim recite the prayer in the Ma'ariv service of Yom Kippur, while Western Ashkenazim recite it during the Ten Days of Repentance, between Rosh HaShannah and Yom Kippur. Gratz College professor Saul P. Wachs calls Ki Hine KaKhomer "one of the most beloved" of all the Piyyutim. The origin and author of Ki Hine KaKhomer are unknown. The piyyut is first found in Ashkenazi machzorim dating back to the twelfth century.

Machzor
The machzor (Hebrew: מחזור, plural machzorim, pronounced [maχˈzoʁ] and [maχzoˈʁim], respectively) is the prayer book which is used by Jews on the High Holy Days of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Many Jews also make use of specialized machzorim on the three pilgrimage festivals of Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot. The machzor is a specialized form of the siddur, which is generally intended for use in weekday and Shabbat services.

The word machzor means "cycle"; the root ח־ז־ר means "to return". The term machzor originally referred to a book containing prayers for the entire year, including weekdays and Shabbat as well as holidays. Later (first in Ashkenazi communities) a distinction developed between the siddur, which included weekday and Shabbat prayers, and the machzor, which included festival prayers.  Nevertheless, the original type of Machzor containing all of the prayers for the year continued to be used (even if less common) at least into the 20th century.
Jayso
Paul "Jayso" Nuamah Donkor (born June 1, 1983) is a Ghanaian rapper, record producer, singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur. He gained significant attention after working on Sarkodie's single "Borga" and producing a majority of the songs on Sarkodie's debut album, "Maakye."

M.anifest
Kwame Ametepee Tsikata (born 20 November 1982), known professionally as M.anifest, is a Ghanaian musician, rapper and record producer.

He won Best Rapper and Hip-Hop song of the year at the 2017 Ghana Music Awards. He has worked with Damon Albarn, Flea, Tony Allen, Erykah Badu, and is featured on five songs on the Rocket Juice and The Moon album. He is the grandson of one of Africa's foremost ethnomusicologists and composers J. H. Kwabena Nketia. In 2012, The Strand on BBC Radio tipped him as one of four acts to look out for in 2012.  In 2015 M.anifest's single "Someway bi" earned him a third-place honour in the International Songwriters Competition (ISC). In the same year, The Guardian named M.anifest as "the foremost rapper on the continent.". M.anifest currently divides his lifetime between Madina in Ghana and Minneapolis in the United States.
Mühlental
Mühlental is a municipality in the Vogtlandkreis district, in Saxony, Germany. It consists of the villages Hermsgrün, Wohlbach, Saalig, Marieney, Unterwürschnitz, Oberwürschnitz, Elstertal, Tirschendorf, Willitzgrün and Zaulsdorf.

Vogtlandkreis
The Vogtlandkreis (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːktlantˌkʁaɪs]) is a Landkreis (rural district) in the southwest of Saxony, Germany, at the borders of Thuringia, Bavaria, and the Czech Republic. Neighbouring districts are (from south clockwise) Hof, Saale-Orla, Greiz, Zwickau, and Erzgebirgskreis. It is the southernmost district in the state.

Plauen is the administrative centre and largest city of the district. Other major cities (Große Kreisstädte) are Reichenbach im Vogtland, Auerbach, and Oelsnitz im Vogtland.
Charles Swann
Charles Frederick Swann (6 August 1883 – 7 March 1960) was an English cricketer.  Swann was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-pace.  He was born at Leyton, Essex.

Swann made a single first-class appearance for Essex in 1912 against Yorkshire at the Fartown Ground, Huddersfield.  In his only first-class innings, Swann was dismissed for a duck by Alonzo Drake.

He died at Leytonstone, Essex on 7 March 1960.

Alonzo Drake
Alonzo Robson Drake (16 April 1884 – 14 February 1919) was an English footballer and first-class cricketer.

Born in Rotherham, Drake was a good all-round sportsman but initially focused on his football career. Starting out with Doncaster Rovers it would be at his next club, Sheffield United, where he enjoyed most success, playing in the top flight of English football. After leaving the Blades he had spells at Birmingham, Queens Park Rangers, Huddersfield Town and Rotherham Town before retiring at the outset of World War I.

Drake also played 157 matches for Yorkshire between 1909 and 1914. Despite making his first-class debut at the relatively late age of 25, Drake was a vital part of the Yorkshire team in the seasons before World War I.
Gmina Zbąszyń
Gmina Zbąszyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zbąszyń, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-west of Nowy Tomyśl and 70 km (43 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 179.77 square kilometres (69.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 13,469 (out of which the population of Zbąszyń amounts to 7,300, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,169).

Nowy Tomyśl County
Nowy Tomyśl County (Polish: powiat nowotomyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nowy Tomyśl, which lies 55 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań. The county contains three other towns: Opalenica, 20 km (12 mi) east of Nowy Tomyśl, Zbąszyń, 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Nowy Tomyśl, and Lwówek, 16 km (10 mi) north of Nowy Tomyśl.

The county covers an area of 1,011.67 square kilometres (390.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 71,817, out of which the population of Nowy Tomyśl is 15,225, that of Opalenica is 9,104, that of Zbąszyń is 7,300, that of Lwówek is 2,909, and the rural population is 37,279.
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry is a type of mass analyzer (or mass spectrometer) for determining the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of ions based on the cyclotron frequency of the ions in a fixed magnetic field. The ions are trapped in a Penning trap (a magnetic field with electric trapping plates), where they are excited (at their resonant cyclotron frequencies) to a larger cyclotron radius by an oscillating electric field orthogonal to the magnetic field. After the excitation field is removed, the ions are rotating at their cyclotron frequency in phase (as a "packet" of ions). These ions induce a charge (detected as an image current) on a pair of electrodes as the packets of ions pass close to them. The resulting signal is called a free induction decay (FID), transient or interferogram that consists of a superposition of sine waves. The useful signal is extracted from this data by performing a Fourier transform to give a mass spectrum.

Angular frequency
In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
Angular frequency (or angular speed) is the magnitude of the pseudovector quantity angular velocity.

Angular frequency can be obtained by multiplying rotational frequency, ν (or ordinary frequency, f) by a full turn (2π radians): ω = 2π rad⋅ν.
It can also be formulated as ω = dθ/dt, the instantaneous rate of change of the angular displacement, θ, with respect to time, t.
Harrison Shull
Harrison Shull (August 17, 1923 – July 28, 2003) was an American theoretical chemist and academic administrator known for foundational contributions to quantum chemistry, particularly the development of natural orbital theory in electronic structure calculations. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1969. Shull later served as provost or chief academic officer at several institutions, including Indiana University Bloomington, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the University of Colorado Boulder, and the Naval Postgraduate School.

Robert S. Mulliken
Robert Sanderson Mulliken ForMemRS (June 7, 1896 – October 31, 1986) was an American physical chemist, primarily responsible for the early development of molecular orbital theory, i.e. the elaboration of the molecular orbital method of computing the structure of molecules.  Mulliken received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1966 and the Priestley Medal in 1983.
Cricket in World War I
Cricket in World War I was severely curtailed in all nations where first-class cricket was then played except India. In England, South Africa and the West Indies, first-class cricket was entirely abandoned for the whole of the war, whilst in Australia and New Zealand regular competitions were played for the 1914–15 season but first-class matches were afterwards abandoned. In South Africa, first-class cricket did not recommence until a series of matches against the Australian Imperial Forces cricket team in late 1919, and provincial cricket was not played until a one-off match between Transvaal and Natal in April 1920.

At least 210 first-class cricketers are known to have joined the armed forces, of whom 34 were killed. The obituary sections of Wisden between 1915 and 1919 contained the names of hundreds of players and officials of all standards who died in the service of their country.

Menin Gate
The Menin Gate (Dutch: Menenpoort), officially the Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing, is a war memorial in Ypres, Belgium, dedicated to the British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the Ypres Salient of World War I and whose graves are unknown. The memorial is located at the eastern exit of the town and marks the starting point for one of the main roads that led Allied soldiers to the front line.

Designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield and built by the Imperial War Graves Commission (since renamed the Commonwealth War Graves Commission), the Menin Gate Memorial was unveiled on 24 July 1927. In early 2023, the monument was closed for extensive restoration works, and the work was completed in Spring 2025.
2013 Deauville American Film Festival
The 39th Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville, France from August 30 to September 8, 2013. Steven Soderbergh's drama film Behind the Candelabra served as the opening night film. Snowpiercer by Bong Joon-ho was the closing night film of the festival. The Grand Prix was awarded to Night Moves by Kelly Reichardt.

Complete lineup for the festival was announced on July 19, 2013, including episodes from Television shows for the Television section at the festival. Electronic music duo Justice was given Carte blanche section to show nine of their favourite American films to the festival audience. The festival paid tribute to Cate Blanchett, Nicolas Cage, Larry Clark, Gale Anne Hurd and John Travolta and hosted retrospective of their films. The festival honoured American actor, singer, dancer, and comedian Danny Kaye with Deauville Legend award.

Deauville American Film Festival
The Deauville American Film Festival (French: Festival du cinéma américain de Deauville) is a yearly film festival devoted to American cinema, which has taken place since 1975 in Deauville, France.

It was established by Lionel Chouchan, André Halimi, and then Mayor of Deauville Michel d'Ornano, with support from the Groupe Lucien Barrière in providing a luxurious setting for the Festival. Although not competitive at its origin, the festival began to award prizes for feature films in 1995 and short films in 1998.