hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PyCharm
PyCharm is an integrated development environment (IDE) used for programming in Python. It provides code analysis, a graphical debugger, an integrated unit tester, integration with version control systems, and supports web development with Django. PyCharm is developed by the Czech company JetBrains and built on their IntelliJ platform.

PyCharm is cross-platform, working on Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.  Portions of PyCharm's source code are released under the Apache License and available on GitHub, and a subscription is available to gain access to proprietary features.

Apache License
The Apache License is a permissive free-software license written by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, to modify it, and to distribute modified versions of the software under the terms of the license, without concern for royalties. The ASF and its projects release their software products under the Apache License. The license is also used by many non-ASF projects.
Greater Jerusalem
In Israel, the Jerusalem metropolitan area is the area encompassing the approximately one hundred square miles surrounding the Old City of Jerusalem with a population of 1,253,900. The expansion of Jerusalem under Israeli law followed its official annexation of the city in the aftermath of the 1967 Six-Day War. Greater Jerusalem is divided into three areas: the outer ring, the New City/Center, and The Historical Center/Inner Ring. The rings are mainly used as an administrative tool to incorporate, public transit, housing, and utility services under a common structure.
Greater Jerusalem can be said to encompass the entire City of Jerusalem (both its Western and Eastern parts) and its suburbs. It is the second largest metropolitan area in Israel, behind Gush Dan.

Gush Dan
Gush Dan (Hebrew: גּוּשׁ דָּן, lit. 'Dan bloc') or Tel Aviv metropolitan area is a major conurbation along Israel's Mediterranean coast. The term is commonly used by government bodies and the public, though its exact boundaries vary. It ranges from combining Tel Aviv with cities that form an urban continuum with it, to the entire areas from both the Tel Aviv District and the Central District, or sometimes the whole Metropolitan Area of Tel Aviv, which includes a small part of the Southern District as well. Gush Dan is the largest conurbation and metropolitan area in Israel and the center of Israel's financial and High technology sector. In 2021 the metropolitan area has an estimated population of 4,156,900 residents, 89% of whom were Israeli Jews.
Aleksey Borisovich Silayev
Alekséy Borisovich Siláyev (26 March [8 April] 1906, Alexandrovka, Nosovilsky District – 28 September 1989, Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet chemist. He was a Professor of the Faculty of Chemistry and the Faculty of Biology at Moscow State University. Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR (1976).

Silaev was a specialist in the field of natural compounds, his main scientific works were devoted to the chemistry of antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs. He was a student of Nikolai Dmitriyevich Zelinsky.

Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. Hydrochloric acid is an important laboratory reagent and industrial chemical.
Arnold E. Amundson
Arnold Ernest Amundson (August 25, 1911 – March 25, 1993) was an American politician and businessman. He served in the South Dakota Senate from 1979 to 1980, representing the 11th district. Amundson also represented the district in the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1977 to 1978.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Old St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church
Old St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church is a historic Methodist Episcopal church located on High Street in Odessa, New Castle County, Delaware. It was designed by noted Philadelphia architect Samuel Sloan and built in 1851–1852. It is a two-story, brick building in the Greek Revival style. It measures 45 feet by 65 feet and has a low-pitched gable roof. The building ceased use as a church in 1955 and houses a local museum and cultural center.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Odessa, Delaware
Odessa is a town in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Odessa had a population of 366. Founded as Cantwell's Bridge in the 18th century, the name was changed in the 19th century, after the Ukrainian port city of the same name.  Today a significant part of the town is a historic district list on the National Register of Historic Places.
Doe-Anderson Inc.
Doe-Anderson is one of the oldest continuously operating advertising agencies in the United States; and it is the oldest independent agency in the US. The agency has served some of its clients for more than 50 years, including Maker's Mark bourbon and Hillerich & Bradsby, makers of Louisville Slugger bats and equipment. In business since 1915, Doe-Anderson currently has 130+ employees and offers communication services including brand positioning, strategic planning, creative execution, media buying and planning, digital services, print and broadcast production and public relations. The agency is a member of the Advertising and Marketing International Network (AMIN), and of the American Association of Advertising Agencies (4A's).

In 2024, the agency earned B Corp certification joining a global network of businesses who have met high standards for social and environmental impact. Doe-Anderson also official updated their registration to a Public Benefits Corporation (PBC).

Hillerich & Bradsby
Hillerich & Bradsby Company (H&B) is an American manufacturing company located in Louisville, Kentucky, that produces baseball bats for Wilson Sporting Goods, which commercializes them under the "Louisville Slugger" brand.

The company also operates the Louisville Slugger Museum & Factory in downtown Louisville, and produces gloves for sports such as golf, cycling, fitness, and gardening under the "Bionic Gloves" brand.

Until 2015, H&B owned the "Louisville Slugger" brand. In that year they sold it to Wilson, although their factory still makes the baseball bats bearing that name.
Gambia national football team
The Gambia national football team (recognized as The Gambia by FIFA) represents The Gambia in men's international football and is controlled by the Gambia Football Federation. Until 1965, the team and the country were known as British Gambia.The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).

Guinea national football team
The Guinea national football team (French:  Équipe de football de Guinée) represents Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Guinean Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals, and their best finish in the Africa Cup of Nations was runners-up in 1976. The team reached the quarter-finals in four recent tournaments (2004, 2006, 2008 and 2015). The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Carlo Antonio Venturi
Carlo Antonio Maria Venturi (Brescia, 11 October 1805 – 1864) was an Italian mycologist. In 1842 he published Mycological Studies, in which he described sixty-two species of fungi. In 1845 he published miceti dell'agro bresciano descritti ed illustrati con figure tratte dal vero.

In 1882, Pier Andrea Saccardo published Venturia, which is a genus of fungi in the family Venturiaceae and it was named in Venturi's honour.
Then in 1919, Hans Sydow and Paul Sydow circumscribed Neoventuria, which is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. Lastly, in 1978, Venturiocistella (Sacc. & Romell) Raitv. 1978 another genus of fungi (in Hyphodiscaceae family).

Pier Andrea Saccardo
Pier Andrea Saccardo (23 April 1845 in Treviso, Treviso – 12 February 1920 in Padua) was an Italian botanist and mycologist. His multi-volume Sylloge Fungorum was one of the first attempts to produce a comprehensive list of identified fungi, using their spore-bearing structures for classification. He was elected to the Linnean Society in 1916 as a foreign member. He also authored a color classification system that he called Chromotaxia and contributed to the Italian translation of Charles Darwin's Insectivorous Plants.
Telia Digital-tv
Telia Digital TV is an IPTV distribution platform in Sweden owned by Telia Company. It was launched in January 2005 from a few locations.

In September 2007, Telia announced that the platform had 200,000 subscribers

Previously, Telia owned Com Hem, the largest cable television operator in Sweden, but had to sell it due to competition rules.

Hustler TV (Europe)
Hustler TV is a subscription based adult entertainment pay television channel distributed throughout Europe via digital cable as naxoo (in Switzerland) and satellite television. It is owned by the Dutch-based company Sapphire Media International BV.

Hustler TV and Hustler HD 3D offers hardcore pornography aimed at a straight male audience. It is the sister channel to Blue Hustler, which specializes in softcore pornography.
John L. Hudson
John L. "Jack" Hudson is a retired lieutenant general in the U.S. Air Force. He was Commander, Aeronautical Systems Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (WPAFB).  Hudson also served as a member of the Senior Executive Service as the Director of the National Museum of the United States Air Force at WPAFB from 2009 to 2018.

National Museum of the United States Air Force
The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official museum of the United States Air Force located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, six miles (9.7 km) northeast of Dayton, Ohio. The NMUSAF is the oldest and largest military aviation museum in the world, with more than 360 aircraft and missiles on display. The museum is a central component of the National Aviation Heritage Area. The museum draws about a million visitors each year, making it one of the most frequently visited tourist attractions in Ohio.
Kristian Seip
Kristian Seip (born 24 June 1962) is a Norwegian mathematician.

He obtained his doctor's degree at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1988, and became a professor in 1994. The Norwegian Institute of Technology was renamed into the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in 1996. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin in 1998. Seip was among the editorial staff for the journal Acta Mathematica from 2003 to 2012 and is an editor of Journal of Functional Analysis since 2016.

Seip chaired the Norwegian Mathematical Society from 2003 to 2007 and the committee that awards the Abel Prize from 2007 to 2010. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
Lyutenitsa
Lyutenitsa, ljutenica, lütenitsa or lutenica (Bulgarian: лютеница, Serbian: љутеница, Macedonian: лутеница, lyuto, ljuto or luto, Bulgarian: люто, Serbian: љуто, Macedonian: луто,  Turkish: lütenitsa), meaning "spicy", is a (sometimes spicy hot) vegetable relish or chutney in Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian and Turkish cuisines.

The ingredients include peppers, aubergines, carrots, garlic, vegetable oil, sugar, salt, tomatoes and walnut. It comes in many varieties: smooth; chunky; with chili peppers or eggplant; and hot or mild.

In recent years, industrial production of lyutenitsa and ajvar has flourished. Large-scale production of both relishes has popularized them outside the Balkans.

Chutney
A chutney (pronounced [ˈʧəʈɳiː]) is a condiment associated with cuisines of the Indian subcontinent. Chutneys are made in a wide variety of forms, some raw such as with coriander, others cooked with sugar, like mango chutney. During the British Raj, Anglo-Indian cuisine adapted Indian chutney and brought it back to Britain, where green mango chutney in particular became popular. In the Western world, chutneys may be made with local fruits and vegetables, or purchased.
Chief petty officer, 1st class
Chief petty officer, 1st class (CPO1) is the most senior non-commissioned member (NCM) rank of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN). It is equivalent to a chief warrant officer (CWO) in the Canadian Army and Royal Canadian Air Force. It is immediately senior to the rank of chief petty officer, 2nd class and its equivalents, master warrant officer. It is part of the cadre of warrant officers.

The French language form of the rank is premier maître de 1re classe (pm 1).

Master warrant officer
Master warrant officer (MWO) is a senior military rank in the Bangladesh Armed Forces, the Canadian Forces, Singapore Armed Forces, the South African National Defence Force, the Israel Defense Forces and the Nigerian Arned Forces.
Myosurus
The genus Myosurus, or mousetail,  belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. It comprises about 15 species of annual scapose herbs.  These herbs are nearly cosmopolitan (lacking in eastern Asia and tropical regions), with a center of diversity in western North America. The flowers are easily recognised by bearing 6 stamens with numerous ovaries on a stalk (accounting for the name "mousetail").

Selected species:

Myosurus apetalus - bristly mousetail

Myosurus cupulatus - Arizona mousetail

Myosurus minimus - tiny mousetail

Myosurus nitidus - western mousetail

Myosurus sessilis - vernal pool mousetail

Myosurus cupulatus
Myosurus cupulatus is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae known by the common name Arizona mousetail. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in moist and dry habitat types in desert, scrub, and woodland. It is an annual plant forming a small tuft up to about 14 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 7 centimeters in length. The inflorescence produces a single flower which has an elongated, cylindrical or cone-shaped receptacle up to 4 centimeters long. At the base of the receptacle are curving, spurred sepals and five petals each under 3 millimeters long.
Salem number
In mathematics, a Salem number is a real algebraic integer  whose conjugate roots all have absolute value no greater than 1, and at least one of which has absolute value exactly 1. Salem numbers are of interest in Diophantine approximation and harmonic analysis. They are named after Raphaël Salem.

Algebraic integer
In algebraic number theory, an algebraic integer is a complex number that is integral over the integers. That is, an algebraic integer is a complex root of some monic polynomial (a polynomial whose leading coefficient is 1) whose coefficients are integers. The set of all algebraic integers A is closed under addition, subtraction and multiplication and therefore is a commutative subring of the complex numbers.

The ring of integers of a number field K, denoted by OK, is the intersection of K and A: it can also be characterized as the maximal order of the field K. Each algebraic integer belongs to the ring of integers of some number field. A number α is an algebraic integer if and only if the ring  is finitely generated as an abelian group, which is to say, as a -module.
2014 Prosperita Open
The 2014 Prosperita Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ostrava, Czech Republic between 28 April and 4 May 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Capping week
Capping Week is a term used in New Zealand for the week of graduation from university. This is when graduands of the university are presented with their degrees and capped. Capping week may coincide with a period of practical jokes or capping stunts.

Practical joke
A practical joke or prank is a trick played on people, generally causing the victim to experience embarrassment, perplexity, confusion, discomfort, or irritation. The perpetrator of a practical joke is called a "practical joker" or "prankster". Other terms for practical jokes include gag,  rib, jape, shenanigan, and troll. Some countries in western nations make it tradition to carry out pranks on April Fools' Day and Mischief Night.
Homorod, Brașov
Homorod (German: Hamruden; Hungarian: Homoród) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Homorod, Jimbor (Sommerburg; Székelyzsombor), and Mercheașa (Streitfort; Mirkvásár).

The commune is located in the northern part of the county, on the border with Harghita County, 62 km (39 mi) from the county seat, Brașov. It lies on the banks of the Homorod River, at the confluence of the Homorodul Mare and Homorodul Mic.

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania
The Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania (German: Evangelische Kirche A.B. [Augsburgischen Bekenntnisses] in Rumänien, Romanian: Biserica Evanghelică de Confesiune Augustană în România) is a German-speaking Lutheran church in Romania, mainly based in Transylvania. As a Lutheran church, it adheres to the Augsburg Confession. Its history goes back to the 12th century when the Transylvanian Saxons arrived in the region, then part of the Kingdom of Hungary.

The church has altar and pulpit fellowship with, but is distinct from, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Romania, which is mainly Hungarian-speaking. It also cooperates with the Calvinist Reformed Church in Romania.
Verkhnedneprovsk uezd
The Verkhnedneprovsk uezd (Russian: Верхнеднѣпровскій уѣздъ, romanized: Verkhnedneprovskiy uyezd; Ukrainian: Верхнодніпровський повіт, romanized: Verkhnodniprovs'kyi povit) was one of the subdivisions of the Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the western part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Verkhnodniprovsk (Verkhnedneprovsk).

Verkhnodniprovsk
Verkhnodniprovsk (Ukrainian: Верхньодніпровськ, pronounced [werxnʲod⁽ʲ⁾n⁽ʲ⁾iˈprɔu̯sʲk]) is a city in Kamianske Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (province) of Ukraine. The city is located at confluence of the Samotkan into the Kamianske Reservoir at the Dnieper. Verkhnodniprovsk hosts the administration of Verkhnodniprovsk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:15,477 (2022 estimate). In 2001, the population was 16,976.

Until 18 July 2020, Verkhnodniprovsk was the administrative center of Verkhnodniprovsk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Verkhnodniprovsk Raion was merged into Kamianske Raion.
Kolakaka
A kolakaka (pl. kolakakor) is a biscuit from Sweden. The main ingredients are wheat flour, butter, sugar and syrup. The name kolakaka is a compound of kola ('caramel') and kaka ('biscuit'). The biscuit is also known as kolasnitt ('caramel cut'), sirapssnitt ('syrup cut') and sirapskaka ('syrup biscuit'). The biscuit has been around since at least the 1970s and is sometimes served as part of the Swedish tradition Sju sorters kakor.

Kolakakor can be made with different types of syrups and molasses, but is traditionally made with "light syrup" (ljus sirap), made from beat sugar, which is similar to golden syrup.

Sju sorters kakor
Sju sorters kakor (Norwegian: syv slags kaker), "seven kinds of cookies", is a Swedish and Norwegian tradition where hosts typically prepare seven different kinds of cookies for their guests. While the specific type of cookie varies from household to household, the number of types is consistently seven, as less than seven would indicate an insufficient host, while over seven would indicate a pretentious host. While the tradition started in Sweden, it has since spread to Norwegian and Scandinavian-American households.
FC Mertskhali Ozurgeti
FC Mertskhali (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი მერცხალი ოზურგეთი; English: Swallows) is a professional football club based in Ozurgeti, Guria, Georgia. The team competes in Liga 4, the fourth tier of Georgian football.

Mertskhali have spent four seasons in Umaglesi Liga, the top Georgian division.

Soviet Second League
The Soviet Second League (Russian: Чемпионат СССР по футболу (вторая лига), Soviet football championship (Second League)) was the third highest division of Soviet football, below the Soviet First League. The league was formed in 1971 in place of the Class A Second Group of the Soviet football championship just a year after the division was downgraded to the third tier. Previously, the third-tier competition predecessor Class B was liquidated completely. The Second League remained in force until dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Kurasawa Pond
Kurasawa Pond (77°32′S 160°45′E﻿ / ﻿77.533°S 160.750°E﻿ / -77.533; 160.750) is a pond in the northwestern part of the Labyrinth of Wright Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. It lies south of Dean Cirque and 0.5 nautical miles (1 km) east of the Wright Upper Glacier terminus. The pond was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (2004) after Hajime Kurasawa of the Japan Geological Survey, a participant in the McMurdo Dry Valleys Drilling Project in the 1973–74 and 1974–75 field seasons.

Olympus Range
The Olympus Range (77°29′S 161°30′E﻿ / ﻿77.483°S 161.500°E﻿ / -77.483; 161.500﻿ (Olympus Range)) is a primarily ice-free mountain range of Victoria Land, Antarctica, with peaks over 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) high, between Victoria Valley and McKelvey Valley on the north and Wright Valley on the south.
It is south of the Clare Range and north of the Asgard Range.
Midland (bus operator)
Midland, previously known as Choice Travel, was a bus company operating mostly in the Wolverhampton and Walsall areas of the West Midlands. Some services also operated in the Staffordshire and Shropshire area.

Dennis Dart
The Dennis Dart is a rear-engined single-decker midibus chassis that was introduced by Dennis of Guildford, England, in 1989, replacing the Dennis Domino. Initially built as a high-floor design, in 1996 the low-floor second generation Dennis Dart SLF was launched. In 2001, production of the Dart SLF passed to TransBus International, during which time it was sold as the TransBus Dart SLF; Alexander Dennis took over production in 2004, renaming the product as the Alexander Dennis Dart SLF.

More than 12,600 Darts were produced in total during a 19-year production run. Most were purchased by United Kingdom operators, although examples were sold in Europe, North America, Australia and Hong Kong. In the United States, the Dart SLF, with Alexander ALX200 bodywork, was built and sold by Thomas Built Buses as the Thomas SLF 200.

The first generation Dart ceased production in 1998. Production of the Dart SLF continued until 2008, when it was replaced by the Alexander Dennis Enviro200.