hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 3rd Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Army.  It served in the Napoleonic Wars (notably at the Battle of Waterloo), in the Boer War, and in the First World War on the Western Front where it was initially assigned to The Cavalry Division before spending most of the war with the 2nd Cavalry Division.

Royal Horse Artillery
The Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) was formed in 1793 as a distinct arm of the Royal Regiment of Artillery (commonly termed Royal Artillery) to provide horse artillery support to the cavalry units of the British Army. Although the cavalry link remained part of its defining character, as early as the Battle of Waterloo the RHA was sometimes deployed more along the lines of conventional field artillery, fighting from comparatively fixed positions.

The Royal Horse Artillery, currently consists of three regiments, (1 RHA, 3 RHA and 7 RHA) and one ceremonial unit (King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery). Almost all the batteries of the Royal Horse Artillery have served continuously since the French Revolutionary Wars or Napoleonic Wars, except the King's Troop, created in 1946, and M Battery, which was 'reanimated' in 1993. Horses are still in service for ceremonial purposes but were phased out from operational deployment in the 1930s.
Amorbach
Amorbach (German: [ˈaːmoːɐ̯bax] ⓘ) is a town in the Miltenberg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany, with around 4,000 inhabitants. It is situated on the small river Mud, in the northeastern part of the Odenwald.

Miltenberg (district)
Miltenberg (German: [ˈmɪltn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the city of Aschaffenburg, the districts of Aschaffenburg and Main-Spessart, and the states of Baden-Württemberg (districts of Main-Tauber and Neckar-Odenwald) and Hesse (districts of Odenwaldkreis and Darmstadt-Dieburg).
Hoholmen Bridge
The Hoholmen Bridge (Norwegian: Hoholmen bru) is a cantilever bridge in Herøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  Together with the Åkviksundet Bridge, it forms the road connection between Herøy Municipality and Dønna Municipality, two neighboring island municipalities. It is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the village of Herøyholmen, between the small islands of Hoholmen and Kjeøya. The bridge is 316 metres (1,037 ft) long, and the main span is 120 metres (390 ft).

Silvalen
Silvalen or Herøyholmen is the administrative centre of Herøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village is located on two different islands, Nord-Herøy and Sør-Herøy, with the Herøysundet strait running between them. The Herøysundet Bridge crosses the strait, connecting both sides of the village. Herøy Church is located in the southern part of the village.

The 0.98-square-kilometre (240-acre) village has a population (2024) of 860 and a population density of 878 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,270/sq mi).
Ashton, South Australia
Ashton is a town in the Adelaide Hills in South Australia. It was named by George Hunt in 1858 after his home Ashton in England.  Ashton is from the old English word aesctun, which means "ash tree town".

Uraidla Districts Football Club
The Uraidla Districts Football Club is an Australian rules football club based in the eastern suburbs of Adelaide which was formed in 1997 as a merger between the former Uraidla Football Club and Eastern Rangers Football Club.  The combined club joined the Hills Football League Central Division and currently continue to field teams in both Senior and Junior grades in Division 1 of that league.
NASA Astronaut Group 17
NASA Astronaut Group 17, were chosen by NASA in 1998 and announced on June 4 of that year. The group of 32 candidates included eight pilots, 17 mission specialists, and seven international mission specialists who became NASA astronauts. They began training in August 1998.

Expedition 23
Expedition 23 (Russian: МКС-23) was the 23rd long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Expedition 23 began with the Soyuz TMA-16 undocking on 18 March 2010. Shortly thereafter cosmonauts Aleksandr Skvortsov and Mikhail Korniyenko and astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson arrived at the Space Station on Soyuz TMA-18 on 4 April 2010. The Soyuz spacecraft lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 00:04 EST on 2 April 2010.
Jimmy Spicer
James Bromley Spicer (May 12, 1958 – September 27, 2019) was an American hip hop recording artist who released a number of old school rap singles during the late 1970s and early 1980s including the classic "Dollar Bill Y'all," for which he was perhaps best known.  Spicer was managed by Russell Simmons' Rush Management. His single "The Bubble Bunch" featured  Jellybean Benitez's first remix.

An obituary of Spicer in The New York Times described his 15-minute-long debut single, "Adventures of Super Rhyme," as being "widely regarded as the first true storytelling rap." Spicer's music was sampled by hip-hop artists including the Wu-Tang Clan, 2Pac, De La Soul, and Busta Rhymes. Rapper LL Cool J has cited Spicer's music as sparking his interest in hip-hop.

Spicer had four daughters, Angelina, Leticia, Janel, and Princess and one son, James. In 2018, he was diagnosed with advanced brain and lung cancer. He died on September 27, 2019, at the age of 61.

John Benitez
John Benitez (born November 7, 1957), also known as Jellybean, is an American musician, songwriter, DJ, remixer, and music producer. He has produced and remixed artists such as Madonna, Whitney Houston, Michael Jackson, and the Pointer Sisters. He was later the executive producer of Studio 54 Radio. In December 2016, Billboard magazine ranked him as the 99th most successful dance artist of all-time.
Mount Colzim
28°55′29″N 32°20′54″E﻿ / ﻿28.9247117°N 32.3483919°E﻿ / 28.9247117; 32.3483919﻿ (Dayr Mārī Antonios)

Mount Colzim (or Qulzum, Qalzam, or Qolozum), also known as the Inner Mountain of Saint Anthony, is a mountain in Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, which was the final residency of Anthony the Great from about AD 311, when he was 62 years of age, to his death in 356. Currently, the Monastery of Saint Anthony, a Coptic Orthodox monastery, exists in the same location.

Itbay
Itbāy (Arabic: اطبيه) or ʿAtbāy is a region of southeastern Egypt and northeastern Sudan. It is characterized by a chain of mountains, the Red Sea Hills, running north–south and parallel with the Red Sea. The hills separate the narrow coastal plain from the Eastern Desert.
Sheldon School
Sheldon School (formerly Chippenham Boys' High School) is a large mixed secondary school and sixth form in Chippenham, Wiltshire for students aged 11 to 18 and is the largest school in Wiltshire. Since April 2011, it has been an Academy. It is one of three secondary schools in Chippenham, the others being Abbeyfield and Hardenhuish. The school is headed by Peter Lynch, former Headteacher of Bradley Stoke Community School, who was appointed in September 2023. The school is off the Hardenhuish Lane in the southern region of Hardenhuish Park, which is all that separates it from Hardenhuish School to the north.

Wiltshire College & University Centre
Wiltshire College & University Centre is a tertiary college of education founded in 2002 by the merger of Chippenham Technical College, Lackham College and Trowbridge College. Consolidation was completed with the merger of Salisbury College, which commenced in January 2008. In 2020-21 the institution offered over 1,000 courses and had approximately 3,300 full-time and 6,000 part-time students, with over 800 enrolled on degree-level courses.

In 2018, the College was granted university status and was renamed Wiltshire College & University Centre in recognition of its offering of Higher Education and Degree Level courses.

The college was assessed as 'good' by OfSTED in July 2018, and this was confirmed by a short inspection in May 2018.
2020–21 Celtic F.C. season
The 2020–21 season was Celtic's 127th season of competitive football. They competed in the Scottish Premiership, Scottish Cup, League Cup, UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. The club failed to win a trophy for first time since 2010.

2020–21 Scottish Premiership
The 2020–21 Scottish Premiership was the eighth season of the Scottish Premiership, the 124th edition of the highest division of Scottish football. The fixtures were published on 6 July 2020, with the season beginning on 1 August, following Scottish Government approval due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee United, Hamilton Academical, Hibernian, Kilmarnock, Livingston, Motherwell, Rangers, Ross County, St Johnstone and St Mirren. Celtic were the defending champions, seeking a record-breaking tenth successive title.

On 7 March, Rangers clinched their 55th title, their first since 2011, and the earliest title clinching date after Celtic drew 0–0 away to Dundee United with 6 games remaining. Rangers also completed an unbeaten league season on 15 May 2021 after a 4–0 win against Aberdeen on the final matchday.
Kerling (Iceland)
Mount Kerling (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈcʰɛ(r)tliŋk] ⓘ, "Old Hag") is the highest mountain (1536 m) in the District of Eyjafjarðarsveit, in northern Iceland. It is only 13 km SSW of Akureyri. Its structure is mainly basaltic rock, but the uppermost part is rhyolite, which extends to Súlur mountain nearby and all the way around the head of the Glerárdalur valley to the lower slopes of Vindheimajökull [ˈvɪntˌheiːmaˌjœːkʏtl̥] on the western side of the valley. It is considered an easy climb, with excellent panoramic views on a fine day.

Eyjafjörður
Eyjafjörður (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈeiːjaˌfjœrðʏr̥] ⓘ, Island Fjord) is one of the longest fjords in Iceland. It is located in the central north of the country. Situated by the fjord is the country's fourth most populous municipality, Akureyri.
Pyranometer
A pyranometer (from Greek  πῦρ (pyr) 'fire' and  ἄνω (ano) 'above, sky') is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a wavelength range 0.3 μm to 3 μm.

A typical pyranometer does not require any power to operate. However, recent technical development includes use of electronics in pyranometers, which do require (low) external power (see heat flux sensor).

Thermopile
A thermopile or a thermoelectric pile is a device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It is composed of several thermocouples connected usually in series or, less commonly, in parallel. Such a device works on the principle of the thermoelectric effect, i.e., generating a voltage when its dissimilar metals (thermocouples) are exposed to a temperature difference.
Sary-Aka's embassy
Sary-Aka's embassy (Russian: Посольство Сарайки) was a mission from the commander of the Blue Horde Mamai sent to the Russian eastern border province of Nizhny Novgorod in 1374 to undermine the influence of the Prince of Moscow in his struggle for supremacy among the Russian provinces due to his open opposition to Mongol authority in Russia. The embassy was ambushed and the survivors were imprisoned in the wooden fort of Nizhny Novgorod until 31 March 1375, when Sary-Aka along with the rest of the Tatars were massacred by the Russians.

Dmitry of Suzdal
Dmitry Konstantinovich (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович; 1323–1383) was Prince of Suzdal and Grand Prince of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal from 1365. He took the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir from his son-in-law, Dmitry Donskoy, from 1360 to 1363. The famous Shuisky family descends from his eldest son, Vasily Kirdyapa.
Charburja Durbar
27°24′46″N 85°11′37″E﻿ / ﻿27.4128598°N 85.193601°E﻿ / 27.4128598; 85.193601
Charburja Durbar was a palace within Thapathali Durbar Complex in Kathmandu, the capital of the Nepal. Charburja literally translates Four Burg Palace. This palace was built by Jung Bahadur Rana in the year 1849 for Jind Kaur (locally known as Chanda kunwar in Nepal) youngest Queen consort of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Sikh Empire.

Thapathali Durbar
27°41′28″N 85°18′57″E﻿ / ﻿27.691111°N 85.315833°E﻿ / 27.691111; 85.315833Thapathali Durbar (Nepali: थापाथली दरवार) was a palace complex in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Thapathali means abode of the Thapas. It was initially built by Nain Singh Thapa of the Thapa dynasty but was later occupied by Jung Bahadur Rana, as prime minister, the executive head of Nepal. The palace complex, located north of the Bagmati river, consists of a large number of courtyards, gardens, and buildings.
Illinois Comptroller
The Comptroller of Illinois is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Illinois. Ten individuals have held the office of Comptroller since the enactment of the Illinois Constitution of 1970, replacing the prior office of Auditor of Public Accounts that was first created in 1799. The incumbent is Susana Mendoza, a Democrat.

Governor of Illinois
The governor of Illinois is the head of government of Illinois, and the various agencies and departments over which the officer has jurisdiction, as prescribed in the state constitution.  It is a directly elected position, votes being cast by popular suffrage of residents of the state. The governor is responsible for endorsing or vetoing laws passed by the Illinois General Assembly. The office also carries the power of pardon and commutation under state law. The governor is commander-in-chief of the state's land, air and sea forces when they are in state service. Illinois is one of 13 states that does not place a term limit for governor.

The 43rd and current governor is JB Pritzker, a Democrat who took office on January 14, 2019. Pritzker was re-elected in 2022 by a 12% margin.
Little Bay Bridge
The Little Bay Bridge (occasionally referred to in the plural) refers to one or more bridges that carry road traffic across the mouth of Little Bay where it meets the Piscataqua River, between the city of Dover and the town of Newington in New Hampshire. The term has been in use since at least 1933.

Currently, a pair of four-lane girder bridges carry a concurrency of U.S. Route 4, NH Route 16, and the Spaulding Turnpike over the mouth of Little Bay. As of August 2019, the bridges carried seven motor vehicle lanes with four shoulders, and one non-motorized multi-use path.

U.S. Route 4
U.S. Route 4 (US 4) is a 253-mile-long (407 km) United States Numbered Highway that runs from East Greenbush, New York, in the west to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in the east, traversing Vermont.

In New York, US 4 is signed north–south to reflect its alignment in the state. In Vermont and New Hampshire, the route is signed east–west, the conventional direction for even-numbered U.S. Routes.
Kuzehgaran, Kermanshah
Kuzehgaran (Persian: كوزه گران, also Romanized as Kūzehgarān) is a village in Gavrud Rural District, in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 115, in 27 families.

Gavrud Rural District (Sonqor County)
Gavrud Rural District (Persian: دهستان گاورود) is in Bavaleh District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh-e Rezvan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qomam.
Fast Yellow AB
Fast Yellow AB is an azo dye. It used to be used as a food dye, designated in Europe by the E number E105.  It is now delisted in both Europe and USA and is forbidden if used in foods and drinks, as toxicological data has shown it is harmful. E105 has been implicated in non-atopic asthma.

Azo dye
Azo dyes are organic compounds bearing the functional group R−N=N−R′, in which R and R′ are usually aryl and substituted aryl groups. They are a commercially important family of azo compounds, i.e. compounds containing the C−N=N−C linkage. Azo dyes are synthetic dyes and do not occur naturally. Most azo dyes contain only one azo group but there are some that contain two or three azo groups, called "diazo dyes" and "triazo dyes" respectively. Azo dyes comprise 60–70% of all dyes used in food and textile industries. Azo dyes are widely used to treat textiles,  leather articles, and some foods. Chemically related derivatives of azo dyes include azo pigments, which are insoluble in water and other solvents.
Louise Saumoneau
Louise Saumoneau (17 December 1875 – 23 February 1950) was a French feminist who later renounced feminism as being irrelevant to the class struggle.
She became a union leader and a prominent socialist. During World War I she was active in the internationalist pacifist movement. 
In a change of stance, after the war she remained with the right of the socialist party after the majority split off to form the French Communist Party.

Jean Longuet
Jean-Laurent-Frederick Longuet (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ lɔ̃ɡɛ]; 5 October 1876 – 11 September 1938) was a French socialist politician and journalist. He was the grandson of German-born philosopher Karl Marx.
Peter Smith (bishop)
Peter David Gregory Smith (21 October 1943 – 6 March 2020) was an English prelate of the Catholic Church, having served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Southwark. He had previously served as the Bishop of East Anglia (1995–2001), Metropolitan Archbishop of Cardiff (2001–2010) and Metropolitan Archbishop of Southwark (2010–2019).

Archbishop of Southwark
The Archbishop of Southwark (Br  [ˈsʌðɨk]) is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Southwark. As such, he is the Metropolitan of the Province of Southwark.

The archdiocese has an area of 3,000 km2 (1,200 sq mi) and covers the London Boroughs south of the Thames, the county of Kent and the Medway Unitary Authority. The Metropolitan See is in Southwark where the archbishop's seat is located at the St George's Cathedral.

The eleventh and current archbishop is John Wilson, who was appointed on 10 June 2019 and was installed on 25 July 2019.
Transition metal carboxylate complex
Transition metal carboxylate complexes are coordination complexes with carboxylate (RCO2−) ligands. Reflecting the diversity of carboxylic acids, the inventory of metal carboxylates is large. Many are useful commercially, and many have attracted intense scholarly scrutiny. Carboxylates exhibit a variety of coordination modes, most common are κ1- (O-monodentate), κ2 (O,O-bidentate), and bridging.

Palladium(II) acetate
Palladium(II) acetate is a chemical compound of palladium described by the formula [Pd(O2CCH3)2]n, abbreviated [Pd(OAc)2]n.  It is more reactive than the analogous platinum compound. Depending on the value of n, the compound is soluble in many organic solvents and is commonly used as a catalyst for organic reactions.
News Journal (Kentucky)
The News Journal is a weekly newspaper based in Corbin, Kentucky with an office in Williamsburg, Kentucky, that covers Knox, Laurel and Whitley counties in that state. The newspaper is owned and published by The Whitley Wiz, Inc. a Forcht Group of Kentucky Company.

The News Journal was formed when the Corbin! This Week and the Whitley Republican merged.

For a time, the News Journal also published Somerset and London editions, but now only publishes one weekly edition, covering both Corbin and Williamsburg.

Whitley County, Kentucky
Whitley County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,712. Its county seat is at Williamsburg, though the largest city is Corbin, and the county's District Court (a trial court of limited jurisdiction) sits in both cities. Whitley County is included in the London, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Rising Sun Party
Rising Sun Party (RIS) was a political party in the Indian state of Sikkim. The founder and president was Ram Chandra Poudyal (R. C. Poudyal) who was one of the leaders from Sikkim Congress (Revolutionary).

In the 1989 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election and Sikkim Lok Sabha election, RIS was one of the main rivals for the ruling party, Sikkim Sangram Parishad (SSP). But in this Legislative Assembly election, RIS couldn’t win any seat and received only 8.59% (8.88% in seats contested) votes. In the Lok Sabha election, R. C. Powdyal stood as the candidate of RIS, but he lost and couldn’t refund his deposit of candidacy.

Since 1990, RIS didn’t participate any election in Sikkim, and it isn’t registered in the list of political parties in Sikkim by Election Commission of India (ECI).

Sikkim Congress (Revolutionary)
Sikkim Congress (Revolutionary) was a political party in the Indian state of Sikkim in 1979–1981. The president of the party was Ram Chandra Poudyal. In the state assembly elections of 1979, SCR(R) won eleven seats (of 32) and became the largest faction in the assembly. In total, the party received 14,889 votes (20.58% of the votes in the state). The strength of the party did however decline when several assembly members crossed over to Sikkim Prajatantra Congress.

In the Lok Sabha elections of 1980, the SC(R) candidate won 11,632 votes (22.59% of the votes in Sikkim).
Puccoon
Puccoon /pəˈkuːn/ is a common name that refers to any of several plants formerly used by certain Native Americans for dyes.  The dyes were made from the plants' roots.

The name is derived from the Powhatan word poughkone ("red dye").

Lithospermum caroliniense
Lithospermum caroliniense, commonly known as the hairy puccoon or Carolina puccoon or Plains puccoon, is a flowering plant found in the Midwestern United States and Canadian provinces surrounding the Great Lakes. The plant grows in sandhills, pine barrens, and dry, sandy woods.
Ellowes Hall Sports College
Ellowes Hall Sports College (formerly Ellowes Hall School) is a comprehensive secondary school and sixth form situated on Stickley Lane in Lower Gornal, Dudley, West Midlands, England.

It provides education for pupils aged 11 to 18 years.

Sedgley
Sedgley is a town in the north of the Dudley district, in the county of the West Midlands, England.

Historically part of Staffordshire, Sedgley is on the A459 road between Wolverhampton and Dudley, and was formerly the seat of an ancient manor comprising several smaller villages, including Gornal, Gospel End, Woodsetton, Ettingshall, Coseley, and Brierley (now Bradley). In 1894, the manor was split to create the Sedgley and Coseley urban districts, the bulk of which were later merged into the Dudley County Borough in 1966.

Most of Sedgley was absorbed into an expanded County Borough of Dudley in 1966, with some parts being incorporated into Seisdon and Wolverhampton. Since 1974 it has been part of the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley.
2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
The 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes began on 20 May 2018 between the Armenian Armed Forces and Azerbaijani Armed Forces. Azerbaijan stated to have taken several villages and strategic positions within the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. However, these areas had previously been part of a no man's land between the Azerbaijani and Armenian lines.

One soldier of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, and one or two soldiers of the Armenian Armed Forces were reported KIA during the military operations.

Ministry of Defence (Azerbaijan)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Müdafiə Nazirliyi) or MN is an Azerbaijani government agency that is associated with the Azerbaijani military. The ministry is responsible for keeping Azerbaijan defended against external threats, preserving its territorial integrity, waging war on behalf of Azerbaijan (for example, Azerbaijan's contribution to the war on terror), and the surveillance of the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea sea and airspace. The Minister of Defence is appointed and removed from the post by the Commander-in-chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, the President of Azerbaijan.

The ministry building is located in Baku, at 3 Parliament Avenue.