hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyzer
L2 Syntactical Complexity Analyzer (L2SCA) developed by Xiaofei Lu at the Pennsylvania State University, is a computational tool which produces syntactic complexity indices of written English language texts. Along with Coh-Metrix, the L2SCA is one of the most extensively used computational tool to compute indices of second language writing development. The L2SCA is also widely utilised in the field of corpus linguistics. The L2SCA is available in a single and a batch mode. The first provides the possibility of analyzing a single written text for 14 syntactic complexity indices. The latter allows the user to analyze 30 written texts simultaneously.

Second language writing
Second language writing is the study of writing performed by non-native speakers/writers of a language as a second or foreign language. The process of second language writing has been an area of research in applied linguistics and second language acquisition theory since the middle of the 20th century. The focus has been mainly on second-language writing in academic settings.

In terms of instructional practices, the focus of second language writing instruction has traditionally been on achieving grammatical accuracy. However, this changed under the influence of compositional studies, which focused on conceptual and structural properties. Recently, particular attention has been paid to the integration of written texts with other media (multimodality) and to the mixing of languages in online media.
Reggie Cleveland
Reginald Leslie Cleveland (born May 23, 1948) is a Canadian former professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, Cleveland appeared in 428 games in Major League Baseball over 13 seasons (1969–81) for four teams. Born in Swift Current, Saskatchewan, and raised in Cold Lake, Alberta, Cleveland was listed as 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and 195 pounds (88 kg) (13 stone, 13 lbs.). He was elected to the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 1986.

Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame
The Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum (French: Temple de la renommée du baseball canadien) is a museum located in St. Marys, Ontario, Canada.  The museum commemorates the great players, teams, and events from Canadian baseball history.
Vladimir Starostenko
Vladimir Ivanovich Starstenko (Russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Старосте́нко; 2 September 1948 – 31 October 2017) was a Russian politician, statesman, economist, railway operator, and engineer who had served as the Head of the Moscow Railway from 2002 to 2009. He was also the Head of the West Siberian Railways from 1997 to 1999, and again from 1999 to 2002.

Starastenko also served as the Minister of Railways in 1999.

Starting his career as an on-duty station post of electrical centralization, Starostenko successively went through all the steps of the career ladder, was the head of three major railways, and at the top of his career was the post of head of the Ministry of Railways of Russia.

From 2009 to 2014, he was a member of the board of Russian Railways, and was an adviser to the president of the company, Vladimir Yakunin.

As of January 2014, upon his retirement, he worked on the railway for 47 years.

He died in Moscow on 31 October 2017.

Vladimir Yakunin
Vladimir Ivanovich Yakunin (Russian: Владимир Иванович Якунин; born 30 June 1948) is a Russian businessman and close confidant of Vladimir Putin. He was president of Russian Railways from June 2005 to August 2015. He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

In March 2014, in the wake of the annexation of Crimea, he was placed on the US State Department's list of sanctioned Russian officials and businessmen.
Aleksandr Samedov
Aleksandr Sergeyevich Samedov (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Самедов, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ sɐˈmʲedəf]; Azerbaijani: Aleksandr Səmədov; born 19 July 1984) is a Russian professional football official and a former player who played as a right winger. He has played for the Russia national football team since 2011 and was selected for the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cup.

FC Lokomotiv Moscow
FC Lokomotiv Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб "Локомотив" Москва, romanized: Futbol'nyy klub "Lokomotiv" Moskva, IPA: [fʊdˈbolʲnɨj ˈklup ləkəmɐˈtʲif mɐˈskva]) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Lokomotiv have won the Russian Premier League on three occasions; the Soviet Cup twice; and the Russian Cup a record nine times. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Club Association suspended all Russian teams from participation in international competition.
Tay Sound
Tay Sound is an uninhabited natural waterway within Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located at the northern end of Baffin Island, south of Oliver Sound.  Its mouth opens to Eclipse Sound.  Pond Inlet is the nearest community.

Tasiujaq (Baffin Bay)
Tasiujaq (Inuktitut syllabics: ᑕᓯᐅᔭᖅ) formerly Eclipse Sound is a natural waterway through the Arctic Archipelago within the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It separates Bylot Island (to the north) from Baffin Island (to the south). To the east, it opens into Baffin Bay via Pond Inlet, and to the north-west into the Navy Board Inlet.
Elk Point Group
The Elk Point Group is a stratigraphic unit of Early to Middle Devonian age in the Western Canada and Williston sedimentary basins. It underlies a large area that extends from the southern boundary of the Northwest Territories in Canada to North Dakota in the United States. It has been subdivided into numerous formations, number of  which host major petroleum and natural gas reservoirs.

Evaporite
An evaporite (/ɪˈvæpəˌraɪt/) is a water-soluble sedimentary mineral deposit caused by the concentration and crystallization (chemical precipitation) that results when enough of the water solvent evaporates from an aqueous solution. There are two types of evaporite deposits: marine, which can also be described as ocean deposits, and non-marine, which are found in standing bodies of water such as lakes. Evaporites are considered sedimentary rocks and are formed by chemical sediments.
Aspergillus duricaulis
Aspergillus duricaulis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Fumigati section. The species was first described in 1965. It has been reported to produce pseurotin A, fumagillin, asperpentyn, duricaulic acid, asperdurin, phthalides, chromanols, cyclopaldic acid, and 3-O-methylcyclopolic acid.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
West Gaoqiao station
West Gaoqiao (Chinese: 高桥西; pinyin: Gāoqiáo Xī) is a Shanghai Metro station located on Line 10 within Pudong, Shanghai. Located near the intersection of Zhonggao Highway and Gangcheng Road, it was expected to open with the rest of the northern extension of Line 10 in 2018, however, due to construction delays, the station opened on 26 December 2020. It is an elevated station with side platforms.

Line 10 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 10 is a southwest–northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network that opened for service on April 10, 2010. The line runs from Jilong Road to Hongqiao Railway Station, with a branch line from Longxi Road to Hangzhong Road. It has been given the unofficial nickname “Golden Line” as it links many of the city's tourist attractions like Yuyuan and Xintiandi. It connects the Hongqiao International Airport with the downtown core of Shanghai, and also the dense residential districts of Yangpu and Hongkou. It is the only line in the system with numbered station codes. It is the first high-density and high-volume fully automatic subway line in mainland China, operating with GoA4 unattended train operation. The line is colored lilac on system maps.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Bentham Science Publishers. It includes review articles on all aspects of medicinal chemistry, including drug design. The current editor-in-chief is Jia Zhou (University of Texas, Medical Branch).

Bentham Science Publishers
Bentham Science Publishers is a company that publishes scientific, technical, and medical journals and e-books. It publishes over 120 subscription-based academic journals and around 40 open access journals.

As of 2023, 66 Bentham Science journals have received JCR impact factors, and they are a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics. Bentham Open, its open access division, has received criticism for questionable peer-review practices as well as invitation spam; it was listed as a "potential, possible, or probable predatory scholarly open access publisher" in Jeffrey Beall's list of predatory publishers, before the list went defunct.
Weetah, Tasmania
Weetah is a locality and small rural community in the local government area of Meander Valley, in the Launceston region of Tasmania. It is located about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of the town of Deloraine.

Deloraine, Tasmania
Deloraine is a town on the Meander River, in the central north of Tasmania, Australia.  It is 50 km west of Launceston and 52 km south of Devonport along the Bass Highway. It is part of the Meander Valley Council. Deloraine recorded a population of 3,035 in the 2021 census. Deloraine, like most Tasmanian towns, has a temperate and wet climate.
Kassia St. Clair
Kassia St. Clair (born June 1985) is a British writer and cultural historian. She is best known for her debut book The Secret Lives of Colour (2016). She is Britain's best-selling historian under 40 and one of Britain's top 25 best-selling historians.

John Murray (publishing house)
John Murray is a Scottish publisher, known for the authors it has published in its long history including Jane Austen, Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, Thomas Robert Malthus, David Ricardo, and Charles Darwin. Since 2004, it has been owned by conglomerate Lagardère under the Hachette UK brand.
Cross (Luna Sea album)
Cross is the tenth studio album by Japanese rock band Luna Sea, released on December 18, 2019. Co-produced with Steve Lillywhite, it marks the first time the band did not produce an album by themselves. It was released during Luna Sea's 30th anniversary year and some of its tracks were made in collaboration with the 40th anniversary of the Mobile Suit Gundam franchise. Although peaking at number 3 on the Oricon Albums Chart, Cross became Luna Sea's first release to top Billboard Japan. The album's second single, "The Beyond", became the band's first in over 20 years to top the Oricon Singles Chart.

Sora no Uta ~Higher and Higher~/Hisōbi
"Sora no Uta ~Higher and Higher~/Hisōbi" (Japanese: 宇宙（そら）の詩（うた） ～Higher and Higher～/悲壮美, "The Song of the Cosmos -Higher and Higher-/Tragic Beauty") is the twentieth single by Japanese rock band Luna Sea, released on May 29, 2019. It is their second double A-side single and reached number 7 on the Oricon chart and number 20 on Billboard's Japan Hot 100.
Transportation in Norfolk, Virginia
Located in the southeastern corner of the state, Norfolk is economically and culturally important to Virginia. A variety of transportation modes have developed around the city's importance and somewhat unusual geography.

Interstate 64 in Virginia
Interstate 64 (I-64) in the US state of Virginia runs east–west through the middle of the state from West Virginia to the Hampton Roads region, for a total of 299 miles (481 km). From the West Virginia state line to Chesapeake, it passes through the major cities of Lexington, Staunton, Charlottesville, the state capital of Richmond, Newport News, Hampton, and Norfolk. It is notable for crossing the mouth of the harbor of Hampton Roads on the Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel (HRBT), the first bridge–tunnel to incorporate artificial islands, concurrent with U.S. Route 60 (US 60). Also noteworthy is a section through Rockfish Gap, a wind gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, which was equipped with an innovative system of airport-style runway lighting embedded into the pavement to aid motorists during periods of poor visibility due to fog or other conditions.
Peter C. Waterman
Peter Cary Waterman (June 14, 1928 — June 3, 2012) was an American applied mathematician and physicist, known for his fundamental contributions to theory and computation of wave scattering in electromagnetics, optics and acoustics. He has introduced the extended boundary condition and T-matrix methods, widely used in the analysis of scattering in complex structures.

Physical Review
Physical Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal was established in 1893 by Edward Nichols. It publishes original research as well as scientific and literature reviews on all aspects of physics. It is published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal is in its third series, and is split in several sub-journals each covering a particular field of physics. It has a sister journal, Physical Review Letters, which publishes shorter articles of broader interest.
Jinjiang Park station
Jinjiang Park (Chinese: 锦江乐园; pinyin: Jǐnjiāng Lèyuán) is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 1. Before 19 April 2001 it was known as Hongmei Road station which is now the name of a different station on Line 12.

The station is part of the first southern extension of the line which opened on 10 April 1995. During the time the metro line was open for public testing this station was the southern terminus. Later three more stations were added to the south of this station: Lianhua Road, Waihuanlu and Xinzhuang.

Waihuanlu station
Waihuanlu (Chinese: 外环路; pinyin: Wàihuán Lù), literally Outer Ring Road, is a station on Line 1 of the Shanghai Metro. This station is part of the southern extension of that line that opened on 28 December 1996, and is located near the crossing of two major elevated highways. This makes the station often used by travelers to and from the southern outskirts of the city.
Law of Christ
"The law of Christ" (ὁ νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ) is a New Testament phrase. The related Bible verses are in the Pauline epistles at Galatians 6:2 and parenthetically (ἔννομος Χριστῷ "being under the law to Christ") at 1 Corinthians 9:21.

Some Christians hold the belief that the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and the inauguration of the New Covenant of Jeremiah 31:31–37 and Ezekiel 37:22–28 "replaces" or "completes"  or "fulfills" the Law of Moses found in the Hebrew Bible. Dual-covenant theologians, the Hebrew Roots Movement, and Messianic Judaism are all examples of groups that reject this belief.

Closely related are the subjects of Christian views on the Old Covenant, early Christianity and Judaism, Paul the Apostle and Judaism, abrogation of old covenant laws, and Christian ethics.

Sermon on the Mount
The Sermon on the Mount (translated from Vulgate Latin section title Sermo in monte) is a collection of sayings spoken by Jesus of Nazareth found in chapters 5, 6, and 7 of the Gospel of Matthew that summarizes his moral teachings. It is the first of five discourses in the Gospel and has been one of the most widely quoted sections of the Gospels.
Rzhaksinsky District
Rzhaksinsky District (Russian: Ржаксинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The district borders with Rasskazovsky District in the north, Inzhavinsky District in the east, Uvarovsky District in the south, and with Sampursky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,415 square kilometers (546 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Rzhaksa. Population: 18,565 (2010 Census);  21,981 (2002 Census); 26,111 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Rzhaksa accounts for 28.0% of the district's total population.

Uvarovsky District
Uvarovsky District (Russian: Ува́ровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The district borders with Inzhavinsky District in the north, Muchkapsky District in the east, Gribanovsky District of Voronezh Oblast in the south, and with Zherdevsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,141 square kilometers (441 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Uvarovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 11,221 (2010 Census);  12,737 (2002 Census); 13,974 (1989 Soviet census).
Manila Cafe
The Manila Cafe is an historic structure located at 515 5th Avenue in San Diego's Gaslamp Quarter, in the U.S. state of California. It was built in 1930, and has housed several restaurants since then, including but not limited to, the Mandarin Cafe (1931 to 1933), Owl Hotel, and Kid Jerome Billiard Hall (1940 to 1943). In 2014, a new tenant took over the building and made modifications to the exterior. However, the upper story and its distinctive roof remain intact. Several businesses currently occupy the space, including a 7-Eleven, Fident Capital, and Gbod Hospitality Group.

Plaque for the building, 2016

Gaslamp Quarter, San Diego
The Gaslamp Quarter is a historic neighborhood in downtown San Diego, California. It extends from Broadway to Harbor Drive and from 4th to 6th Avenue. The neighborhood is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places as the Gaslamp Quarter Historic District. It includes over 90 historic buildings, most of which were constructed in the Victorian era; many are in use as restaurants, shops, entertainment venues, and nightclubs.

The Gaslamp Quarter is known for its nightlife. It is the site of various events and festivals, including Mardi Gras in the Gaslamp, Taste of Gaslamp, and ShamROCK, a St. Patrick's Day event. Petco Park, home of the San Diego Padres, is one block away in the East Village neighborhood.
Andriy Deryzemlya
Andriy Vasylovych Deryzemlya (Ukrainian: Андрій Васильович Дериземля; born 18 August 1977) is a former Ukrainian biathlete who competed at the top level for eleven seasons before winning his first international medal, a bronze medal at the 2007 World Championship. In 2008 together with Oksana Khvostenko he won World Team Challenge.

Deryzemlya retired from the sport after the end of the 2013–14 season, starting a political career. In the 2014 parliamentary election Deryzemlya took part at the single-mandate district No. 205 in Chernihiv Oblast and failed them having finished second with 14.1% of votes. Before that he had founded the Centre for Support of Army in August 2014. On 29 November 2014, Deryzemlya donated his own plot of land in the city of Chernihiv so that it could be given instead to the family of a Ukrainian soldier who had been killed in the war in Donbas.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
Elon R. Brown
Elon Rouse Brown (October 7, 1857, Orleans, Jefferson County, New York – September 24, 1922, Fox Island, Cape Vincent, Jefferson County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was President pro tempore of the New York State Senate from 1915 to 1918.

Jefferson County, New York
Jefferson County is a county on the northern border of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,721. Its county seat is Watertown. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States of America. It is adjacent to Lake Ontario, southeast from the Canada–US border of Ontario. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Jefferson County comprises the Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The popularity of the area as a summer tourist destination results in a dramatic increase of population during that season.

In 2014, it elected Colleen M. O'Neill as the first woman county sheriff in the state. She had served with the New York State Police for 32 years.

The United States Army's 10th Mountain Division is based at Fort Drum. The base had a total population of nearly 13,000 according to the 2010 census.
AS Sportul 30 Decembrie
Asociația Sportivă Sportul 30 Decembrie, commonly known as Sportul 30 Decembrie, was a Romanian football club based in 30 Decembrie commune (now 1 Decembrie), Ilfov County.

The club was financially supported by the farm from the 30 Decembrie commune, being the first team from Ilfov County to play in the second football division in România.

1982–83 County Championship
The 1982–83 County Championship was the 41st season of the Liga IV, the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system. The champions of each county association play against one from a neighboring county in a play-off  to gain promotion to Divizia C.
Namkungia magna
Namkungia magna (formerly Galloisiana magnus) is a species of cave-dwelling insect in the family Grylloblattidae. Its type locality is Balgudeok Cave in Jeongseon County, Gangwon Province, South Korea.

Cave insect
Cave-dwelling insects are among the most widespread and prominent troglofauna (cave-dwelling animals), including troglobites, troglophiles, and trogloxenes. As a category of ecological adaptations, such insects are significant in many senses, ecological, evolutionary, and physiological.
Krefeld I – Neuss II
Krefeld I – Neuss II is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 109. It is located in western North Rhine-Westphalia, comprising the southern part of the city of Krefeld and the northern part of the Rhein-Kreis Neuss district.

Krefeld I – Neuss II was created for the 2002 federal election. Since 2009, it has been represented by Ansgar Heveling of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Rhein-Kreis Neuss
Neuss is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Nearby are the urban districts Mönchengladbach, Krefeld, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Cologne, the districts Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Düren, Heinsberg and the district Viersen.
Wercklea
Wercklea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae.

Species include:

Wercklea cocleana (A. Robyns) Fryxell

Wercklea ferox (Hook.f.) Fryxell

Wercklea flavovirens Proctor

Wercklea grandiflora Fryxell

Wercklea hottensis (Helwig ex Urb.) Fryxell

Wercklea intermedia Fryxell

Wercklea flavovirens
Wercklea flavovirens is a species of plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica.  It is threatened by habitat loss as forest is cleared to make way for banana plantations. The few individuals surviving in the wild are found mostly on Holland Mountain, with one tree in One Day Cave, Bethel. The area of the former population on Hog House Hill, John Crow Mountains is now a banana plantation.