hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Graded-symmetric algebra
In algebra, given a commutative ring R, the graded-symmetric algebra of a graded R-module M is the quotient of the tensor algebra of M by the ideal I generated by elements of the form:

when |x| is odd

for homogeneous elements x, y in M of degree |x|, |y|. By construction, a graded-symmetric algebra is graded-commutative; i.e.,  and is universal for this.

In spite of the name, the notion is a common generalization of a symmetric algebra and an exterior algebra: indeed, if V is a (non-graded) R-module, then the graded-symmetric algebra of V with trivial grading is the usual symmetric algebra of V. Similarly, the graded-symmetric algebra of the graded module with V in degree one and zero elsewhere is the exterior algebra of V.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
ARD-alpha
ARD alpha is a German free-to-air television channel run by regional public-service broadcaster Bayerischer Rundfunk. Its programming consists of shows made by Bayerischer Rundfunk, as well as from ARD and Austrian broadcaster ORF. The channel was originally called BR-alpha, but was rebranded as ARD-alpha on 29 June 2014.

ORF (broadcaster)
Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF [oːɛʁˈɛf] ⓘ; German pronunciation: [ˌøːstəʁaɪçɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk], lit. 'Austrian broadcasting') is the national public broadcaster and news website of Austria. Funded from a combination of television licence fee revenue and limited on-air advertising, ORF is the dominant player in the Austrian broadcast media. Austria was the last country in continental Europe after Albania to allow nationwide private television broadcasting, although commercial TV channels from neighbouring Germany have been present in Austria on pay-TV and via terrestrial overspill since the 1980s.
Joan Todó Cortiella
Joan Todó Cortiella (La Sénia, 2 April 1977) is a Catalan poet and writer. He studied Comparative Literature and Literary Theory in Barcelona.

After completing his studies, he undertook his literary career in Barcelona. There he lived until late 2011, when he returned to La Sénia to labor issues. From his experience in the Catalan capital emerges her first collection of poems, Los fòssils (al ras) and also his first book narrative, A butxacades. Later also published El fàstic que us cega, another poetry collection.

His last work, L'horitzó primer, talks about his hometown and comes from a commission of eleven short stories the magazine L'Avenç. It is inspired in books of Gaziel i Artur Bladé, who also write on theirs hometowns.

He has also collaborated on several literary magazines, such as Paper de Vidre, Quadern, Pèl Capell, El Tacte que té, Reduccions, Caràcters i L'Avenç.

Gaziel
Agustí Calvet Pascual (Catalan pronunciation: [əɣusˈti kəlˈβɛt]; Sant Feliu de Guíxols; October 7, 1887 – Barcelona; April 12, 1964), known as Gaziel (pronounced [ɡəziˈɛl]), was a Spanish journalist, writer and publisher.
David Benedict
David Benedict is the athletic director at the University of Connecticut. Under his aegis, UConn won consecutive men's NCAA basketball championships in 2023 and 2024, and the women's championship in 2025.

Sport management
Sport management, also referred to as sport administration, is the field of business dealing with sports and recreation. Sports management involves any combination of skills that correspond with planning, organizing, directing, controlling, budgeting, leading, or evaluating of any organization or business within the sports field. The field of sport management has its origins in physical education departments. The discipline has evolved to incorporate history and sociology. Development of sport management has also extended to esport management growing to a $4.5 billion dollar industry as of 2018. The opportunities in sport management have expanded to include sports marketing, sports media analytics, sports sponsorships and sports facilities management.
Škoda Kamiq
The Škoda Kamiq is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) produced by the Czech car manufacturer Škoda Auto since 2019. It is smallest of the other Škoda SUVs, namely the Karoq, Enyaq, and Kodiaq. Deliveries officially started in September 2019. It is based on the concept Vision X, which Škoda first introduced to the public in 2018. As with the Karoq and Kodiaq, the Kamiq name is based on a word from the Inuit language.

Subcompact crossover SUV
Subcompact crossover SUV is an automobile segment used to describe the smallest segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, below the compact crossover SUV. Subcompact crossover SUVs are usually based on a platform of a subcompact (also known as supermini or B-segment) passenger car, although some high-end subcompact crossover models are based on a compact car (C-segment). The segment started to gain traction during early to mid-2010s when the number of models and sales figures rapidly increased in major markets such as North America and Europe. In 2019, around 22 percent of SUV global sales were contributed by subcompact crossovers.

The segment is particularly popular in Europe, India, and Brazil where they account for 37 percent, 75 percent, and 69 percent of total SUV sales in 2018 respectively. In 2019, the best selling subcompact crossover was the Honda HR-V, recording 622,154 units being sold worldwide.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 1 – Women's 500 metres
The women's 500 metres races of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 1, arranged in the Olympic Oval, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, were held on 8 and 9 November 2013.

The podium placings of both races were identical – Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea won, followed by Jenny Wolf of Germany and Wang Beixing of China. In race two, Lee set a new world record with a time of 36.74 seconds. Yuliya Liteykina of Russia won Division B of race one, which promoted her to Division A of race two. Anice Dac of the Netherlands won Division B of race two.

2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 1
The first competition weekend of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in the Olympic Oval in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, from Friday, 8 November, until Sunday, 10 November 2013.

Two new world records were set during the weekend. On Saturday, Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea improved her own world record on 500 metres with a time of 36.74 seconds. A couple of hours later, the Dutch men's team – comprised by Koen Verweij, Jan Blokhuijsen and Sven Kramer – improved the team pursuit world record to 3:37.17.

There were also two world records for juniors; in the women's 3000 metres race on Friday, Antoinette de Jong of the Netherlands set a new world records for girls with a time of 4:00.56, and on Sunday, Kim Hyun-yung of South Korea did the same in the 1000 metres distance, with a time of 1:15.18.
Drouwenerveen
Drouwenerveen is a village in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Borger-Odoorn and lies about 20 km east of Assen.

The village was first mentioned in 1781 as "Gasselter en Drouwer Veenen", which means "the peat area belonging to Drouwen". Drouwererveen originated as a peat excavation village around 1820, and developed into a linear settlement along the road from Drouwen.

As of 1840, the village had a population of 305 residents. The Dutch Reformed church, built around 1915, has since been converted into a residential house.

Borger-Odoorn
Borger-Odoorn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌbɔrɣər oːˈdoːr(ə)n] ⓘ) is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands in the province of Drenthe.

The local Hunebedcentrum Borger features several megaliths (or 'hunebeds') associated with the Neolithic and mesolithic Funnelbeaker culture, as well as recreations of historical houses.
Austrosteenisia
Austrosteenisia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It includes four species native to New Guinea and eastern Australia.

Austrosteenisia blackii (F.Muell.) R.Geesink – eastern New Guinea, Queensland, and New South Wales

Austrosteenisia glabristyla Jessup – southeastern Queensland and northeastern New South Wales

Austrosteenisia mollitricha D.J.Dixon – Queensland

Austrosteenisia stipularis (C.T.White) Jessup – Queensland

Austrosteenisia blackii
Austrosteenisia blackii is a leguminous liana of the rainforests and dry rainforests of tropical and sub-tropical eastern Australia. Also known commonly as the blood vine for the dark red sap that exudes from cut stems. Blooms resemble dark red peas and produce papery fruit up to 12 cm long with kidney-shaped seeds. It is a vigorous creeper and can be used as ground cover in gardening. It is spectacular in bloom from September to December.
Barceloneta, Puerto Rico
Barceloneta (Spanish pronunciation: [baɾseloˈneta], locally [baɭseloˈneta]) is a town and municipality in Puerto Rico located in the north region, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, north of Florida (city and municipality in Puerto Rico), east of Arecibo, and west of Manatí. Barceloneta is spread over 3 barrios and Barceloneta Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
Farmville and Powhatan Railroad
In 1886, Randolph Harrison, of the Virginia department of Agriculture, cited Cumberland Mining Company, stating that businessmen would soon open a hotel at Lithia Springs, Farmville, VA for people seeking the healing waters. The Brighthope railway would be extended to bring them there. But instead, the Farmville and Powhatan Railroad Company built the narrow gauge rails through Cumberland County and the Farmville and Powhatan Railroad Company bought the Brighthope Railway, so the Farmville and Powhatan Railroad made the connection. In 1890, Beach Station was built with a railroad depot, some railroad shanties, a general store and an owner's house, the George Perdue House as a stop on the line.

Cumberland, Virginia
Cumberland is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of Cumberland County, Virginia, United States. Cumberland lies along U.S. Route 60 and State Route 45. It is 48 miles (77 km) west of Richmond and 51 miles (82 km) east of Amherst. The population as of the 2020 census was 365.
Nimantran
Nimantran (transl. The invitation) is a 1971 Bengali film directed by Tarun Majumdar, based on a story by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay, and starring Sandhya Roy and Anup Kumar in the lead roles. At the 19th National Film Awards, it won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali.

Kanika Banerjee
Kanika Banerjee, also known as Kanika Bandyopadhyay (12 October 1924 – 5 April 2000), was a famous Bengali singer known for performing Rabindra Sangeet. She frequently performed on All India Radio Kolkata and at institutions across India, Europe and America. With over 300 gramophone records, she was praised for her distinct voice and ability to express the subtle emotions in Tagore’s songs while staying true to the notes.
Lighthouse Park (Roosevelt Island)
Lighthouse Park is at the northern end of Roosevelt Island and its three acres includes Blackwell Island Light as well as a new public art piece called The Girl Puzzle honoring Nellie Bly and her work on the island's asylum.

The park, which stretches from the lighthouse south to Coler Hospital, was designed by landscape architect Nicholas Quennell in 1977 following the lighthouse's decommission.

Coler Specialty Hospital
Coler Specialty Hospital is a chronic care facility on New York City's Roosevelt Island that provides services such as rehabilitation and specialty nursing. The hospital was formed in 1996 by the merger of two separate chronic care hospitals on Roosevelt Island. Goldwater Memorial Hospital, on the south end of the island, closed in 2013, while Bird S. Coler Hospital is still located on the north end of the island.
MELAS syndrome
MELAS (Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes) is one of the family of mitochondrial diseases, which also include MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness), MERRF syndrome, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. It was first characterized under this name in 1984. A feature of these diseases is that they are caused by defects in the mitochondrial genome which is inherited purely from the female parent. The most common MELAS mutation is one in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) referred to as m.3243A>G.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrially inherited (transmitted from mother to offspring) degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons that leads to an acute or subacute loss of central vision; it predominantly affects adult males, and onset is more likely in younger adults. LHON is  transmitted only through the mother, as it is primarily due to mutations in the mitochondrial (not nuclear) genome, and only the egg contributes mitochondria to the embryo. Men cannot pass on the disease to their offspring. LHON is usually due to one of three pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutations. These mutations are at nucleotide positions 11778 G to A, 3460 G to A and 14484 T to C, respectively in the ND4, ND1 and ND6 subunit genes of complex I of the oxidative phosphorylation chain in mitochondria.
Portrait of Giuliano de' Medici (Botticelli, Berlin)
The Portrait of Giuliano de' Medici is a painting of Giuliano de' Medici (1453–1478) by the Italian Renaissance painter Sandro Botticelli, probably painted soon before Giuliano was assassinated in the Pazzi conspiracy in 1478. It belongs to the Berlin State Museums, and is in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin.

It is believed to be the earliest of a number of versions by Botticelli.

Giuliano de' Medici was murdered in 1478 at the age of 25 during the Pazzi conspiracy in the Florence Cathedral  or Duomo di Firenze. The Pazzi were rivals to the Medici. Giuliano de' Medici was the younger brother of Lorenzo il Magnifico. Other versions of this Sandro Botticelli portrait are in the Accademia Carrara, Bergamo, Italy and the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

Gemäldegalerie, Berlin
The Gemäldegalerie (German pronunciation: [ɡəˈmɛːldəɡaləˌʁiː], lit. 'Painting Gallery') is an art museum in Berlin, Germany, and the museum where the main selection of paintings belonging to the Berlin State Museums (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin) is displayed.  It was first opened in 1830, and the current building was completed in 1998. It is located in the Kulturforum museum district west of Potsdamer Platz.

It holds one of the world's leading collections of European paintings from the 13th to the 18th centuries.  Its collection includes masterpieces from such artists as Albrecht Dürer, Lucas Cranach, Hans Holbein, Rogier van der Weyden, Jan van Eyck, Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Caravaggio, Peter Paul Rubens, David Teniers the Younger, Rembrandt, Frans Hals, Johannes Vermeer, Thomas Gainsborough, Joshua Reynolds  and Antonio Viviani.
Charlotte Agell
Charlotte Agell (born September 7, 1959) is a Swedish-born American author for young adults and children who lives in Maine. Her second novel, Shift, was featured on the front cover of the Brunswick Times Record in October 2008. In addition to writing novels, Agell writes and illustrates picture books for young children. She won a Maine LIterary Award in 2020 and was listed on the Rainbow Book List in 2011. Agell is a teacher in Maine and active in Arrt! (Artists' Rapid Response Team) which collaborates with non-profit groups to promote social change in Maine.

University of Southern Maine
The University of Southern Maine (USM) is a public university with campuses in Gorham and Portland, Maine, United States. It is the southernmost university in the University of Maine System. It was founded as two separate state universities, Gorham Normal School and Portland University. The two universities, later known as Gorham State College and the University of Maine at Portland, were combined in 1970 to help streamline the public university system in Maine and eventually expanded by adding the Lewiston campus in 1988.

The Portland Campus is home to the Edmund Muskie School of Public Service, the Bio Sciences Research Institute, the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, the Osher Map Library, and the USM School of Business. The Gorham campus, much more residential, is home to the School of Education and Human Development and the Osher School of Music.
Kaisi Aurat Hoon Main
Kaisi Aurat Hoon Main  (lit. 'What type of woman am I?'), previously titled Kaisi Aurat Ho Tum is a Pakistani drama serial, which was first aired on 2 May 2018 on Hum TV replacing Dar Si Jaati Hai Sila.  It stars Nadia Khan and Faisal Rehman.

The drama focuses on struggles of women in society, and tells the story of a popular celebrity chef whose success threatens her chauvinist husband. It is directed by Fahim Burney and written by Saima Akram Chudhery.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Siegfried Dombrowski
Siegfried Dombrowski (13 October 1916 - 20 June 1977) was an East German army officer who rose to the rank of "Oberstleutnant" (loosely, "Lieutenant colonel").   He combined this with his role as deputy chief-of-staff of Intelligence Administration of the East German military intelligence agency.   On 5 August 1958, accompanied by his wife and children, along with a substantial sum of cash, he escaped to West Berlin.   For the western intelligence services he subsequently turned out to be a highly valuable source of information about the organisational structures under which their eastern counterparts operated.

Unofficial collaborator
An unofficial collaborator or IM (German: [iˈʔɛm] ⓘ; both from German: inoffizieller Mitarbeiter), or euphemistically informal collaborator (informeller Mitarbeiter), was an informant in the East Germany who delivered private information to the Ministry for State Security. At the end of the East German government, there was a network of around 189,000 informants, working at every level of society.
1920–21 Ljubljana Subassociation League
The 1920–21 Ljubljana Subassociation League was the second season of the Ljubljana Subassociation League. The league was separated into Celje, Ljubljana and Maribor subdivisions. The final was played between the previous season winners Ilirija from Ljubljana, and Athletik from Celje. Ilirija defeated Athletik in the final and won their second title in a row.

Celje
Celje (/ˈ(t)sɛljeɪ/ (T)SEL-yay; Slovene: [ˈtsɛ̀ːljɛ] ⓘ; German: Cilli [ˈtsɪli] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Slovenia. It is a regional center of the traditional Slovenian region of Styria and the administrative seat of the City Municipality of Celje. The town is located below Upper Celje Castle at the confluence of the Savinja, Hudinja, Ložnica, and Voglajna rivers in the lower Savinja Valley, and at the crossing of the roads connecting Ljubljana, Maribor, Velenje, and the Central Sava Valley.
Arnettsville, West Virginia
Arnettsville is an unincorporated community in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States. It lies south of Georgetown on U.S. Route 19. Arnettsville was originally known as Yukon. It is included in the Morgantown metropolitan area.

Arnettsville was named for a pioneer merchant named Arnett.

Morgantown metropolitan area
The Morgantown Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in North-Central West Virginia, anchored by the city of Morgantown. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 140,038.
Handball Club Toronto
Handball Club Toronto  is a handball club from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. At the time of their creation, they were the only active handball organization in the Greater Toronto Area. There are senior teams for all genders and every skill level.
HC Toronto is listed under the Top 25 USA Team Handball Clubs in the 2018–19 USA Team Handball rankings.
As a member of Canadian Team Handball Federation and International Handball Federation. Handball Club Toronto is competing in the Canadian and American Team Handball Nationals.

Canadian Team Handball Federation
The Canadian Team Handball Federation, CTHF, is the governing body of team handball in Canada. It was founded in 1962 and joined the International Handball Federation the same year.

The CTHF is a member of the North America and the Caribbean Handball Confederation and the Commonwealth Handball Association. The CTHF is made up of the following voting member provinces: British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick.

The CTHF sanctions three national tournaments each year for three categories, senior (22 and over), junior (21 and under), and juvenile (19 and under) both men and women subcategories exist within each age category. The tournaments are hosted and organized by one of the member provinces. The winner of the tournament is awarded the title of National Champions for the year until the tournament is held again.