hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gostivar dialect
The Gostivar dialect (Macedonian: Гостиварски дијалект, Gostivarski dijalekt) or Upper Polog dialect (Macedonian: Горнополошки дијалект, Gornopološki dijalekt) is a member of the western and north western subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. The dialect is mainly spoken in the area around the city of Gostivar to the villages Brvenica and Bogovinje on north, Reka region on west, Poreče on east and Galičnik on south. The dialect is closely related with the neighbouring dialects, particularly with the Kičevo-Poreče dialect, Reka dialect and Galičnik dialect. Also in some extent, the dialect shares some similarities with the Tetovo dialect. The dialect is very well known for using masculine forms of direct and indirect objects, for male and female.

Dialects of Macedonian
The dialects of Macedonian comprise the Slavic dialects spoken in the Republic of North Macedonia as well as some varieties spoken in the wider geographic region of Macedonia. They are part of the dialect continuum of South Slavic languages that joins Macedonian with Bulgarian to the east and Torlakian to the north into the group of the Eastern South Slavic languages. The precise delimitation between these languages is fleeting and controversial.
62nd Locarno Film Festival
The 62nd Locarno Film Festival was held from 5 to 15 August 2009 in Locarno, Switzerland. There were 18 films from 15 countries in competition, seven of which were from first time directors. The opening film of the festival was (500) Days Of Summer directed by Marc Webb. The closing film of the festival was Byambasuren Davaa's 2009 documentary Two Horses of Genghis Khan (Chingisiyn Hoyor Zagal).

The festival held a retrospective of the work of Italian filmmaker and actor Pippo Delbono and a section dedicated to Manga and Japanese anime. This year's Open Doors section was dedicated to Chinese cinema.

The Leopard of Honor was awarded to William Friedkin for his career in cinema and his film To Live And Die In L.A. was featured on the Piazza Grande, the 8,000-seat open-air theater.

The Golden Leopard, the festival's top prize, was awarded to She, A Chinese directed by Xiaolu Guo.

Leopard of Honour
The Leopard of Honour is a life's work achievement award at the Locarno International Film Festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. The award has been given out since 1989. The award especially denotes recognition of auteur cinema and creative and audacious filmmaking. Starting in 2009, the prize was named in Italian after its sponsor, becoming the "Pardo d'onore Swisscom".
River Cheswold
The River Cheswold is a short river in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. The river originally formed a southern cut of the River Don, and passed underneath what is Friargate. The flow direction of the river has been changed, and it has been heavily modified, largely being culverted as it passes underneath the railway and bus stations. The river is sometimes labelled the shortest named river in Britain.

River Don, Yorkshire
The River Don (also called River Dun in some stretches) is a river in South Yorkshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It rises in the Pennines, west of Dunford Bridge, and flows for 69 miles (111 km) eastwards, through the Don Valley, via Penistone, Sheffield, Rotherham, Mexborough, Conisbrough, Doncaster and Stainforth. It originally joined the Trent, but was re-engineered by Cornelius Vermuyden as the Dutch River in the 1620s, and now joins the River Ouse at Goole. Don Valley is a UK parliamentary constituency near the Doncaster stretch of the river.
Lautertal, Bavaria
Lautertal (German pronunciation: [ˈlaʊtɐtaːl], lit. 'Lauter Valley') is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany. Near Lautertal, there was between 1952 and 1992 a DECCA-transmitter.

Coburg (district)
Coburg (German pronunciation: [ˈkoːbʊʁk]) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Kronach, Lichtenfels, Bamberg and Haßberge, and by the state of Thuringia (districts Hildburghausen and Sonneberg). The district surrounds, but does not include the city of Coburg.
Detroit Film Critics Society Award for Best Screenplay
The Detroit Film Critics Society Award for Best Screenplay is an annual award given by the Detroit Film Critics Society to honor the best screenplays of that year. The awards was first given in 2011, at the body's fifth annual ceremony.

Detroit Film Critics Society
The Detroit Film Critics Society (DFCS) is a film critic organization based in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 2007, and comprises a group of over twenty film critics. To become a member, the critic must have reviewed at least twelve films a year in an established publication, with no more than two different critics per publication admitted. It presents annual awards at the end of the year, for the best films of the preceding year.
RET proto-oncogene
The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of extracellular signalling molecules.
RET loss of function mutations are associated with the development of Hirschsprung's disease, while gain of function mutations are associated with the development of various types of human cancer, including papillary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasias type 2A and 2B, pheochromocytoma and parathyroid hyperplasia.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
High Leys
High Leys is located to the south-east of Rowrah in Cumbria (map), along the C2C cycle route prior to Sheriffs Gate.

The status of national nature reserve was awarded to High Leys due to its meadow status and the traditional hay-making and grazing methods employed during the land's working lifetime.

National nature reserves in England
In England, national nature reserves (NNRs) are designated by Natural England as key places for wildlife and natural features. They were established to protect the most significant areas of habitat and of geological formations. NNRs are managed on behalf of the nation, many by Natural England itself, but also by non-governmental organisations, including the members of The Wildlife Trusts partnership, the National Trust, and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.

There are 221 NNRs in England covering 1,100 square kilometres (420 square miles). Often they contain rare or nationally important populations of species, such as birds, plants, insects, reptiles and mammals.
Roach Guards
The Roach Guards were an ethnically Irish criminal gang in the Five Points neighborhood of New York City in the early to mid-19th century. The gang was originally formed to protect New York liquor merchants in Five Points and soon began committing robbery and murder. The Roach Guards took their name from their founder and leader Ted Roach.

The Roach Guards began fighting with rivals the Bowery Boys.  Some former Roach Guard members were called the Dead Rabbits by the media. The internal feud was especially violent as they fought over the Five Points area.  Despite constant fighting, they managed to hold their own in the "slugger battles" against the more organized and disciplined "Bowery Boys". The Roach Guards, however, began to decline during the 1850s, disappearing entirely by the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

Bowery Boys (gang)
The Bowery Boys (vernacular Bowery B'hoys) were a nativist, anti-Catholic, and anti-Irish criminal gang based in the Bowery neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City in the early-mid-19th century. In contrast with the Irish immigrant tenement of the Five Points, the Bowery was a more prosperous working-class community. The gang was made up exclusively of volunteer firemen—though some also worked as tradesmen, mechanics, and butchers (the primary trade of prominent leader William "Bill the Butcher" Poole)—and would fight rival fire companies over who would extinguish a fire. The Bowery Boys often battled multiple outfits of the infamous Five Points, most notably the Dead Rabbits, with whom they feuded for decades. The uniform of a Bowery Boy generally consisted of a stovepipe hat in variable condition, a red shirt, and dark trousers tucked into boots—this style paying homage to their fireman roots.
Xylosma peltata
Xylosma peltata (syn. Lasiochlamys peltata) is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae, endemic to New Caledonia. Formerly a member of Lasiochlamys, the name was given in 1980 when this taxon was transferred to Xylosma. It is listed as a protected species by the National Natural Heritage Inventory and was classified as critically endangered by the IUCN Red List in 1998.

Xylosma
Xylosma /zaɪˈlɒzmə/ is a genus of flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. It contains around 100 species of evergreen shrubs and trees commonly known as brushhollies, xylosmas, or, more ambiguously, "logwoods". The generic name is derived from the Greek words ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood, tree", and ὀσμή (osmé), meaning "smell", referring to the fragrant wood of some of the species. The Takhtajan system places it in the family Flacourtiaceae, which is considered defunct by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.
James Hill (Mississippi politician)
James Hill (c. 1838 – June 12, 1903) was a Republican politician and government official in the U.S. state of Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives, including as Sergeant at Arms and as Speaker, and was Secretary of State of Mississippi during the Reconstruction era.

Secretary of State of Mississippi
The Mississippi secretary of state is an officer of Mississippi originally established under the Article IV, §14 of Mississippi Constitution of 1817, and was reestablished under Article V, §133 of the Mississippi Constitution of 1890.

Several African Americans served in the office during the Reconstruction era. The current secretary of state is Michael Watson.
The Monkey and the Tiger
The Monkey and the Tiger book pairs two unrelated short gong'an detective novels written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang dynasty). Both stories are fictions based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700.

The book contains eight illustrations and a map, all by the author.

Judge Dee
Judge Dee, or Judge Di, is a semi-fictional character based on the historical figure Di Renjie, county magistrate and statesman of the Tang court. The character appeared in the 18th-century Chinese detective and gong'an crime novel Di Gong An. After Robert van Gulik came across it in an antiquarian book store in Tokyo, he translated the novel into English and then used the style and characters to write his own original Judge Dee historical mystery stories.

The series is set in Tang dynasty China and deals with criminal cases solved by the upright and shrewd Judge Dee, who as county magistrate in the Chinese imperial legal system was both the investigating magistrate and judge.
Shabbir Ali
Shabbir Ali (born 26 January 1956) is an Indian football manager and former player. He was awarded the Dhyan Chand Award, the highest award in Indian sports for lifetime achievement, given by Government of India in 2011. He is the first footballer to be named for the Dhyan Chand Award.

Merdeka Tournament
Merdeka Tournament (Malay: Pestabola Merdeka) is an international friendly football tournament held in Malaysia to commemorate the Independence Day. It is mainly played at Independence Stadium, in Kuala Lumpur. "Merdeka" is the Malay word (borrowed from Sanskrit) for independence or freedom. As of 2024, the tournament has been held 43 times, though with decreasing frequency in recent decades.

The Merdeka Tournament is the oldest invitational football tournament in Asia, and the matches in the tournament are considered International "A" matches (Friendly match) by FIFA.
Caraco
A caraco is a style of woman's jacket that was fashionable from the mid-18th to early 19th centuries. Caracos were thigh-length and opened in front, with tight three-quarter or long sleeves. Like gowns of the period, the back of the caraco could be fitted to the waist or could hang in pleats from the shoulder in the style of a sack back. Caracos were generally made of printed linen or cotton.

The caraco emerged as an informal style in France in the 1760s, based on working-class jackets. It was worn with a petticoat and, if open in front, a stomacher or decorative stays. The English caraco was generally closed in front. A similar garment with a wrap front, called in English a bedgown or short gown, was the standard working woman's costume of the later 18th century.

Petticoat
A petticoat or underskirt is an article of clothing, a type of undergarment worn under a skirt or a dress. Its precise meaning varies over centuries and between countries.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, in current British English, a petticoat is "a light loose undergarment ... hanging from the shoulders or waist". In modern American usage, "petticoat" refers only to a garment hanging from the waist. They are most often made of cotton, silk or tulle. Without petticoats, skirts of the 1850s would not have the volume they were known for. In historical contexts (16th to mid-19th centuries), petticoat refers to any separate skirt worn with a gown, bedgown, bodice or jacket; these petticoats are not, strictly speaking, underwear, as they were made to be seen. In both historical and modern contexts, petticoat refers to skirt-like undergarments worn for warmth or to give the skirt or dress the desired attractive shape.
Kristina Arriaga
Kristina Arriaga de Bucholz is an American First Amendment and human rights advocate, former nonprofit executive, and diplomat who served as the executive director of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty before being appointed in 2016 by Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Paul Ryan to the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, where she was elected vice chair.

Her tenure at Becket was notable for the firm's successful representation of a number of clients in high profile religious liberty cases that reached the Supreme Court of the United States, including the landmark decision in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. (2014).

In 2020, she was appointed as a trustee of the Oversight Board, an independent body established by Meta to make content moderation decisions on the social media platforms Facebook, Instagram, and Threads. Since 2019, she has also been the CEO of Intrinsic, a public relations consulting firm.

Zubik v. Burwell
Zubik v. Burwell, 578 U.S. 403 (2016), was a case before the United States Supreme Court on whether religious institutions other than churches should be exempt from the contraceptive mandate, a regulation adopted by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) that requires non-church employers to cover certain contraceptives for their female employees. Churches are already exempt under those regulations. On May 16, 2016, the Supreme Court vacated the Court of Appeals ruling in Zubik v. Burwell and the six cases it had consolidated under that title and returned them to their respective courts of appeals for reconsideration.
Indira Chunda Thita Syahrul
Indira Chunda Thita Syahrul (born 7 April 1979) is an Indonesian politician and the daughter of Syahrul Yasin Limpo. She served as member of the House of Representatives from 2009 until 2018 representing South Sulawesi I electoral district and served in the Commission IV. She studied management at the Hasanuddin University in Makassar from 1997 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2007.

Born into a family, which has dominated local politics for generations, she has become active in politics along cousins and a brother who is active in the city's parliament.

Syahrul Yasin Limpo
Syahrul Yasin Limpo (born 16 March 1955) is an Indonesian politician, who served as Minister of Agriculture in Joko Widodo's Onward Cabinet from October 2019 until the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) announced his involvement in alleged corruption in September 2023. He was governor of South Sulawesi from 2008 to 2018.

He switched political parties in March 2018, leaving Golkar to join Nasdem, led by Surya Paloh.
Charles Harrison (basketball)
Charles "Tex" Harrison (January 20, 1933 – November 20, 2014) was an American basketball player, born in Indiana and raised in Texas, who played and coached for the Harlem Globetrotters for six decades. Harrison was the first player from a historically African American college to receive All-American honors.

After he was discovered by the Globetrotters in 1954, he played with and coached for players such as Meadowlark Lemon, Marques Haynes, Wilt Chamberlain, and Fred Neal. During his playing career, Harrison had tea with Queen Elizabeth, played for an audience of three popes, ate caviar with Nikita Khrushchev, and starred in a Saturday morning variety show.

He died at 81 years old in Houston, Texas.

Curly Neal
Frederick "Curly" Neal (May 19, 1942 – March 26, 2020) was an American basketball player who played with the Harlem Globetrotters, instantly recognizable with his shaved bald head. Following in the footsteps of Marques Haynes, Neal became the Trotters' featured ballhandler, a key role in the team's exhibition act.
2001 AAA Championships
The 2001 AAA Championships sponsored by Norwich Union, was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held from 13–15 July at Alexander Stadium in Birmingham, England. It was considered the de facto national championships for the United Kingdom and was a qualifier for the 2001 World Championships in Athletics.

Following demands from women athletes, a 2001 UK Athletics Championships was held separately specifically for the newly introduced women's 3000 metres steeplechase event. This event was added to the AAA programme in response the following year.

2001 World Championships in Athletics
The 8th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada between 3 and 12 August 2001 and was the first time the event had visited North America. The music for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies was composed by Canadian composers Jan Randall and Cassius Khan. The ceremonies also featured a thousand-strong voice choir, and the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra.

Edmonton defeated bids from Paris, France (which hosted the next edition) and the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States to host the event. Edmonton had previously hosted the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1983 Summer Universiade.
Elewijt vicus
In the Roman period there was an important settlement (vicus) on the territory of the present-day village of Elewijt (part of Zemst, Flemish Brabant, Belgium). It was located at the junction of a secondary road (deverticulum) with the major Roman road between Tongeren and Boulogne. In the early first century, a temporary military camp was built and not much later a village started to develop. At the end of the second century, the village was ravaged by Germanic tribes, after which it was slowly rebuilt with a completely different ground plan. The vicus continued to exist as a village until the late third century, but did not recover from a second heavy attack at the end of this period. The present-day village of Elewijt developed half a mile south of the center of the vicus and cannot be seen as its successor.

Zemst
Zemst (Dutch pronunciation: [zɛmst]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. The municipality comprises the villages of Elewijt, Eppegem, Hofstade, Weerde, Zemst-Laar, Zemst-Bos and Zemst proper. On January 1, 2024, Zemst had a total population of 23,401. The total area is 42.83 km2 which gives a population density of 541 inhabitants per km2.
Betsy Ross flag
The Betsy Ross flag is a 1792 design for the flag of the United States that first appeared in a painting of George Washington at Trenton by John Trumbull. This flag had red stripes outermost and stars arranged in a circle. The name, first used more than 100 years after the flag appeared in a painting, stems from the legend that a Philadelphia upholsterer, Elizabeth "Betsy" Ross, designed and produced this flag.

The design of the “Betsy Ross flag” conformed to the Flag Act of 1777, passed early in the American Revolutionary War, which merely specified 13 alternating red and white horizontal stripes and 13 white stars in a blue canton. Today, the flag is often used as a patriotic emblem of the American Revolution and of American values more broadly.

George Henry Preble
George Henry Preble (February 25, 1816 – March 1, 1885) was an American naval officer and writer, notable for his history of the flag of the United States and for taking the first photograph of the Fort McHenry flag that inspired the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner".
Invertebrate iridescent virus 31
Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 (IIV-31, Iridovirus armadillidium1) , also called isopod iridovirus, is a species of invertebrate iridescent virus in the genus Iridovirus. Oniscidea (commonly known by a variety of names including woodlouse, pillbug, slater, roly-poly, potato bug, et al.) serve as hosts. Infection is associated with decreased responsiveness in the host, increased mortality and the emergence of an iridescent blue or bluish-purple colour due to the reflection of light off a paracrystalline arrangement of virions within the tissues.

Betairidovirinae
Betairidovirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the family Iridoviridae that was established in 2016. It is one of two subfamilies within this family, the other being Alphairdovirinae. Most species within the Betairidovirinae are hosted by invertebrates, whereas all species within the Alphairdovirinae are hosted by 'cold-blooded' vertebrates (namely; fishes, amphibians, and reptiles). As such, viruses in this subfamily may be called invertebrate iridescent viruses (IIVs) or invertebrate iridoviruses.