hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tribochromism
Tribochromism refers to a change in colour of a material caused by mechanical friction, similar to piezochromism, the change in colour of a material caused by pressure. It is a property of some materials and is often associated with thermochromism. Tribochromism and piezochromism are often grouped together under the term mechanochromism.

Tribochromatic materials may be used in sensors when friction has to be detected. These materials generally change colour under mechanical stress conditions; the colour gradually fades once the stress is removed.

Piezochromism
Piezochromism, from the Greek piezô "to squeeze, to press" and chromos "color", describes the tendency of certain materials to change color with the application of pressure. This effect is closely related to the electronic band gap change, which can be found in plastics, semiconductors (e.g. hybrid perovskites) and hydrocarbons. One simple molecule displaying this property is 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile, also known as ROY owing to its red, orange and yellow crystalline forms. Individual yellow and pale orange versions transform reversibly to red at high pressure.
Bathurst East-Nepisiguit-Saint-Isidore
Bathurst East-Nepisiguit-Saint-Isidore (French: Bathurst-Est-Nepisiguit-Saint-Isidore) was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada.  It was first contested in the 2014 general election, and it was created in the 2013 redistribution of electoral boundaries, largely by combining the ridings of Nepisiguit and Centre-Péninsule-Saint-Sauveur with the eastern half of the electoral district of Bathurst, and a small section of Caraquet.

The district included the city of Bathurst east of the Middle River, and several communities in the northwestern extremes of the Acadian Peninsula.

Caraquet (electoral district)
Caraquet is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was created in 1973 from Gloucester. The riding is centred on the town of Caraquet, extending west to Grande-Anse, New Brunswick and Saint-Léolin, New Brunswick and south to Hautes-Terres, New Brunswick.
Transportation in Metro Cebu
Transportation within Cebu City is mainly land-based with most parts of the city accessible by road. There is no existing mass transit but construction is currently being undertaken on the Cebu Bus Rapid Transit System as well as an existing proposal for a Cebu Monorail, both of which will be crucial in solving the city's worsening traffic congestion, as existing transportation modes will soon become insufficient to move residents around the city if the local government fails to urgently implement infrastructure projects and measures to address the issue.

Cebu Monorail
The Cebu Monorail Transit System, simply known as the Cebu Monorail, was a proposed monorail rapid transit system to be built in Metro Cebu, Philippines. Originally proposed by the Japanese in 2015 as the Cebu MRT System, it was revised to a light rail line in the late 2010s, dubbed the Cebu Light Rail Transit System or Cebu LRT. It was then again revised to its present form in late 2019.

The system would consist of two lines, one in mainland Cebu named the Central Line and another leading to Mactan–Cebu International Airport, named the Airport Line. The system was originally set to begin construction in 2021 and to partially open before year-end. The entire system was due to begin operating by May or June 2022. As of February 2021, the project is still awaiting approval from relevant government bodies, but no progress has been made.
2024 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2024 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason tournament for the 2023-24 season in the Big Sky Conference, The tournament was held from March 9–13 at Idaho Central Arena in Boise, Idaho. It was the 49th edition of the tournament, which debuted in 1976. The tournament winner, Montana State, received an automatic bid to the 2024 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament.

Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament
The Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament is the conference championship tournament in men's basketball for the Big Sky Conference. The event has been held annually since 1976, the conference's thirteenth year.

The tournament winner earns a berth in the NCAA Division I tournament.
Donnie Cochran
Donnie L. Cochran is a former United States Navy naval aviator and was the first African-American aviator to be selected to the Flight Demonstration Squadron Blue Angels in 1986. Cochran later assumed command of the Blue Angels in 1994. He is a 2022 inductee to the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame.

Savannah State University
Savannah State University (SSU) is a public historically black university in Savannah, Georgia, United States. It is the oldest historically black public university in the state. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Savannah State operates four colleges: College of Business Administration, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, College of Sciences and Technology and the Savannah State University College of Education.
Franz Sigel
Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German-born American military officer and revolutionary who immigrated to the United States where he worked as a teacher, newspaperman, and politician along with serving as a major general in the Union army during the American Civil War. His ability to recruit German-speaking immigrants to the Union armies received the approval of President Abraham Lincoln, but he was strongly disliked by General-in-Chief Henry Halleck.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Cross of the Seven Arms
The Cross of the Seven Arms is the highest distinction of the Principality of Andorra.

The objective of the order is to reward persons living or dead, as well as entities, that have contributed significantly to benefit Andorra, such as promoting its economic, scientific, and social standing, as well as promoting the dissemination of Andorran history and culture.

The Cross of Seven Arms is regulated by Decree 221/2024, of 29-5-2024, which approved the Regulation of the Cross of the Seven Arms.

Vicenç Mateu Zamora
Vicenç Mateu Zamora (born 3 December 1961) is an Andorran diplomat and politician who served as General Syndic of the General Council from 2011 to 2019. He has served as Andorra's ambassador to multiple European countries and UNESCO.
Matilda Ernkrans
Matilda Elisabeth Ernkrans (born 12 March 1973) is a Swedish politician of the Social Democratic Party. She served as Minister for International Development Cooperation from 2021 to 2022 and previously served as Minister for Higher Education and Research January 2019 to November 2021. She has been a member of the Riksdag since 2006 and a replacement member of the Riksdag from 2002 to 2006.

Minister for International Development Cooperation (Sweden)
The Minister for International Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade (Swedish: Bistånds- och utrikeshandelsminister), previously Minister for International Development Co-operation (Swedish: Biståndsminister), is the cabinet minister in the Swedish Government responsible for foreign aid and global development. The cabinet minister is, like the rest of the Swedish Government, nominated and appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden who in turn is appointed by the Swedish Riksdag. The cabinet minister belongs to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.

The position was established in 1954 and the first officeholder was Ulla Lindström. Lindström is also the person who has served in this capacity during the longest time, 12 years. The current cabinet minister to hold the office is Benjamin Dousa, appointed on 10 September 2024.
Okankolo Constituency
Okankolo Constituency is an electoral constituency in the Oshikoto Region of Namibia. It had 12,926 inhabitants in 2004 and 8,487 registered voters in 2020. The district capital is the settlement of Okankolo. Settlements in this constituency include Onkumbula, and Omeyantalala.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Candleston Castle
Candleston Castle (historically sometimes Candlestone Castle) is a 14th-century fortified manor house, in ruins since the 19th century. It is 0.75 miles (1.2 km) southwest of Merthyr Mawr, Glamorgan, Wales, now Bridgend County Borough and just 0.75 miles (1.2 km) northwest of Ogmore Castle, separated by the River Ogmore.  Candleston's original long and narrow rectangular structure lay across the western end of a low narrow promontory, suggesting a defensive position. The castle is believed to be named after the Norman family of Cantilupe, thought to be its first feudal tenants.

Ogmore Castle
Ogmore Castle (Welsh: Castell Ogwr) is a Grade I listed castle ruin located near the village of Ogmore in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, east of Ogmore-by-Sea, and south of the town of Bridgend. It is situated on the south bank of the Ewenny River and the east bank of the River Ogmore.

Its construction might have begun in 1106. Ogmore was one of three castles built in the area in the early 12th century, the others being Coity Castle and Newcastle Castle. It was in use until the 19th century for a range of purposes, including a court of justice and a prison, but is now a substantial set of remains and a local landmark.

Ogmore Castle is owned by the Duchy of Lancaster and managed by Cadw (Welsh Historic Monuments). Admission is free, with access at all reasonable times.
Arash (radar)
Arash (Persian: رادار آرش) is a long-range radar system built by the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force. According to Brigadier General Farzad Esmaili, commander of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force, Arash radar Phased array radar is complete.
He also said in an interview:«The radar will be developed in the foreseeable future, Radar with very high capacity to detect and identify targets and Also in the field of electronic warfare is approved by the Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force
The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force (Persian: نیروی پدافند هوایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Niruye Pədâfənde Həvâyiye Ərteše Jomhuriye Eslâmiye Irân) is the anti-aircraft warfare branch of Iran's regular military, the Islamic Republic of Iran Army (Artesh). It split from the air force (IRIAF) in 2008 and controls the country's military radar network.

The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Defense Force plays a crucial role in the nation's military framework, tasked with safeguarding Iran's airspace and essential infrastructure from aerial threats. the IRIADF utilizes various air defense systems and technologies, such as surface-to-air missiles, anti-aircraft artillery, and radar systems. The main objective of the Iranian Air Defense Force is to detect, identify, and neutralize hostile aircraft, drones, and missiles operating within the airspace of Iran.
Devil's Trill Sonata
The Violin Sonata in G minor, GT 2.g05; B.g5, more familiarly known as the Devil's Trill Sonata (Italian: Il trillo del diavolo), is a work for solo violin (with figured bass accompaniment) by Giuseppe Tartini (1692–1770). It is Tartini's best-known composition, notable for its technically difficult passages. A typical performance lasts 15 minutes.

G minor
G minor is a minor scale based on G, consisting of the pitches G, A, B♭, C, D, E♭, and F. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative major is B-flat major and its parallel major is G major.

The G natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The G harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
2018 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
The 2018 United States Senate election in Wisconsin took place on November 6, 2018, to elect a member of the U.S. Senate from Wisconsin. This election coincided with a gubernatorial election, U.S. House elections and various other state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic senator Tammy Baldwin won re-election to a second term, defeating Republican nominee Leah Vukmir by more than 10 percentage points. This was one of ten Democratic-held Senate seats up for election in a state Donald Trump won in the 2016 presidential election. The primary elections were held on August 14, with a filing deadline on June 1. Baldwin was unopposed for the Democratic nomination, while Vukmir defeated Charles Barman, Griffin Jones, George Lucia and Kevin Nicholson in the Republican primary.

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Wisconsin, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The Wisconsin partisan primary was held on August 14, 2018, with the governor, U.S. senator, U.S. representative, odd-numbered Wisconsin State Senate seats, and all Wisconsin Assembly seats on the ballot.

Wisconsin was notable for being the only state in which the party that won the popular vote still held a minority of congressional seats in 2018. The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel attributed this to the impact of gerrymandering imposed by the Republican-controlled Wisconsin Legislature in 2011.
1932 Balkan Cup
The 1932 Balkan Cup was the third Balkan Cup football tournament. The national teams of Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria and Romania took part and it was won by Bulgaria. The top goalscorer was Živković, with Yugoslavia.

Balkan Cup
The Balkan Cup (officially Coupe Balkanique de Football) was an international association football competition contested on and off from 1929 to 1980 by countries from the Balkans region. The most successful team was Romania with four titles.
Mieszałki
Mieszałki [mjɛˈʂau̯ki] (formerly German Grünewald) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grzmiąca, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Grzmiąca, 26 km (16 mi) north-west of Szczecinek, and 132 km (82 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Grzmiąca, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Grzmiąca [ˈɡʐmjɔnt͡sa] (German: Gramenz) is a village in Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Grzmiąca. It lies approximately 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Szczecinek and 129 km (80 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 1,375.
2012 Royal Cup NLB Montenegro
The 2012 Royal Cup NLB Montenegro was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Podgorica, Montenegro on 17–23 September 2012.

2012 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2012 ITF Women's Circuit was the 2012 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. The ITF Women's Circuit is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The 2012 season consisted of 484 events in 63 countries with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Qayqu (Junín)
Qayqu (Quechua for a type of hunt, hispanicized spelling Jaico) is a mountain in the Paryaqaqa mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 m (17,400 ft) high. It is situated in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, on the border of the districts of Suitucancha and Yauli. Qayqu lies north of Putka and southeast of Uqhu.

Pariacaca mountain range
The Pariacaca mountain range (possibly from Quechua parya reddish, sparrow, qaqa rock, Paryaqaqa or Parya Qaqa, a regional deity, a mountain god (apu)), also called Huarochirí mountain range  lies in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Junín Region, in the provinces of Jauja and Yauli, and in the Lima Region, in the provinces of Huarochirí and Yauyos. It is part of the Cordillera Central of Peru.
Princess Anastasia of Georgia
Princess Anastasia of Georgia (Georgian: ანასტასია; 3 November 1763 – 17 May 1838) was a Georgian princess royal (batonishvili), a daughter of King Heraclius II of Georgia of his third marriage to Darejan Dadiani. She was married into the princely family of Eristavi, former Ducal House of Ksani.

Batonishvili
Batonishvili (Georgian: ბატონიშვილი, lit. 'a child of a lord or sovereign') is a title for royal princes and princesses who descend from the Kings of Georgia from the Bagrationi dynasty.

Batonishvili is suffixed after or before the given names e.g. David Batonishvili or Batonishvili Ioane, etc.
Aqif Pasha Elbasani
Aqif Pasha Biçaku mostly known as Aqif Pashë Elbasani (1860 – 10 February 1926) was an Ottoman Albanian political figure in the Sanjak of Elbasan and after the Young Turk Revolution became an activist for the Albanian national cause.

Wilhelm, Prince of Albania
Wilhelm, Prince of Albania (Wilhelm Friedrich Heinrich; Albanian: Vilhelm, Princ i Shqipërisë, 26 March 1876 – 18 April 1945) was sovereign of the Principality of Albania from 7 March to 3 September 1914. His reign officially came to an end on 31 January 1925, when the country was declared an Albanian Republic.

Outside the country and in diplomatic correspondence, he was styled "sovereign prince", but in Albania, he was referred to as mbret, or king.
The White Horse, Fulham
The White Horse is a pub in Parsons Green, Fulham, London, known colloquially by many as "The Sloaney Pony", a reference to the "Sloane Rangers" who frequent it. It is a popular and busy pub which is featured in many good guides. The pub has been voted in the past as one of London's best pubs, due to the wide selections of bottled and draft beer that they recommend to customers, as opposed to wine.

The White Horse is an historic pub. A coaching inn has existed on the present site since at least 1688. The pub was first mentioned in The Spectator in August 1712 in relation to the popular annual Parson's Green Fair at which ale tapping was an eagerly awaited event.

The White Horse was also the meeting place of the old Fulham Albion Cricket Club, one of the pioneer cricket clubs in England.

The actual address is 1-3 Parsons Green, London SW6 4UL.

Parsons Green
Parsons Green is a mainly residential district in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. The Green itself, which is roughly triangular, is bounded on two of its three sides by the New King's Road section of the King's Road, A308 road and Parsons Green Lane. The wider neighbourhood is bounded by the Harwood and Wandsworth Bridge Roads, A217 road to the east and Munster Road to the west, while the Fulham Road, A3219 road may be said to define its northern boundary. Its southern boundary is less clearly defined as it merges quickly and imperceptibly with the Sulivan Court Estate and Hurlingham.

At its historic centre lie two open spaces, the Green itself and Eel Brook Common. The name stems from the original village green, after the former residence of the rectors of Fulham Parish. It is one of the Conservation areas in Hammersmith and Fulham, that extends from the borough boundary in the east to Fulham High Street in the west.
NEXPTIME
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class NEXPTIME (sometimes called NEXP) is the set of decision problems that can be solved by a non-deterministic Turing machine using time .

In terms of NTIME,

Alternatively, NEXPTIME can be defined using deterministic Turing machines as verifiers. A language L is in NEXPTIME if and only if there exist polynomials p and q, and a deterministic Turing machine M, such that

For all x and y, the machine M runs in time  on input ⁠⁠

For all x in L, there exists a string y of length  such that ⁠⁠

For all x not in L and all strings y of length , ⁠⁠

We know

P ⊆ NP ⊆ EXPTIME ⊆ NEXPTIME

and also, by the time hierarchy theorem, that

NP ⊊ NEXPTIME

If P = NP, then NEXPTIME = EXPTIME (padding argument); more precisely, E ≠ NE if and only if there exist sparse languages in NP that are not in P.

P (complexity)
In computational complexity theory, P, also known as PTIME or DTIME(nO(1)), is a fundamental complexity class. It contains all decision problems that can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine using a polynomial amount of computation time, or polynomial time.

Cobham's thesis holds that P is the class of computational problems that are "efficiently solvable" or "tractable". This is inexact: in practice, some problems not known to be in P have practical solutions, and some that are in P do not, but this is a useful rule of thumb.
2020 La Flèche Wallonne Femmes
The 23rd running of the women's Flèche wallonne was originally planned on 22 April 2020, but was rescheduled to 30 September 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The race started and finished in Huy. The route featured seven categorized climbs, including two ascents of the Mur de Huy. The finish line was on the top of the final ascent of the Mur. For the first time in its 23-year history, the women's race was broadcast live. The organisation provided almost an hour of live coverage.

The race was won for the sixth consecutive time by Dutch rider Anna van der Breggen.

La Flèche Wallonne Femmes
La Flèche Wallonne Femmes is a professional women's bicycle road race held each year in Wallonia, Belgium, in April. It is part of the UCI Women's World Tour, cycling's season-long competition of top-tier races, in which it is the second-oldest single-day event after the Trofeo Alfredo Binda in Italy. The event is raced on the same day as La Flèche Wallonne for men.

La Flèche Wallonne Féminine was inaugurated by Tour de France organizers Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO) in 1998 and quickly became a road race classic. From 1999 onwards, the women's Flèche Wallonne was a UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup event. In 2016, the race became part of the new UCI Women's World Tour. In the late 2010s, the race was rebranded as La Flèche Wallonne Femmes – making it consistent with other women's events run by ASO.

Anna van der Breggen from the Netherlands holds the record for the most wins, with 7 wins in succession from 2015 to 2021.