hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Collinson
Frank Collinson (died 1811) was an English jockey, who won the 1808 Derby.

Collinson was the son of a Yorkshire farmer and joined the stable of Christopher Jackson at Middleham as a young boy, where he learnt to ride "in a masterly Yorkshire style"

In 1808, he won the Derby on a 20/1 outsider, Pan, by half a length at odds from a field of ten for a prize of £1,260. He was somewhat fortunate to win, as the jockey on the runner-up, Bill Clift, had failed to notice Collinson's challenge until it was too late. In winning the Derby, however, he paid a fatal price. On his way to Epsom for the race, he slept in a damp bed at an inn and contracted the illness that would kill him.

Bill Clift
William Clift (1762–1840), born Wentworth, South Yorkshire, was a British jockey.  He won the first runnings of both the 1,000 Guineas and 2,000 Guineas and was the first jockey to win all five of the British Classics.
Clonaslee–St Manman's GAA
Clonaslee St Manman's GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association hurling and Gaelic football club in the village of Clonaslee, County Laois, Ireland.

The club colours are green, white and red (differ between green and white or red and white or sometimes green/red/white depending on whether it is hurling or football.

Laois All-County Football League
The Laois All-County Football League (ACFL) is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by Laois GAA clubs. There are seven divisions and teams are promoted and relegated according to their league standing each year.

Prior to the inception of the All-County Football League, league competitions titled the Senior Football League, Intermediate Football League and Junior Football League were in place. These would have roughly equated to the current top three or four divisions in the ACFL.

The 2025 ACFL Division One winners were St Joseph's who defeated Ballyroan Abbey in the final.

The trophy for ACFL Division One is called the Rexie McDonald Cup.
Shek Kip Mei (constituency)
Shek Kip Mei (Chinese: 石硤尾) is one of the 25 constituencies in the Sham Shui Po District of Hong Kong which was first created in 1982 and recreated in 2015.

The constituency loosely covers Shek Kip Mei Estate with the estimated population of 19,039.

Shek Kip Mei Estate
Shek Kip Mei Estate is the first public housing estate in Hong Kong. It is located in Sham Shui Po and is under the management of the Hong Kong Housing Authority. The estate was constructed as a result of a fire in Shek Kip Mei in 1953, to settle the families of inhabitants in the squats over the hill who lost their homes in one night.

Originally constructed in 1953 to alleviate the immediate housing needs, the units in this "Mark I" estate were utilitarian. Redevelopment of the estate commenced in 1972, with new towers coming on stream between 1979 and 1982. Site 1 of redevelopment was occupied in 2007.

The estate now consists of 21 residential blocks, containing 10,800 rental flats. The estate has an authorised capacity of 26,400.
All That I've Got (Rebecca Ferguson song)
"All That I've Got" is a song recorded by British singer Rebecca Ferguson. Written by Rebecca Ferguson and Jarrad Rogers. It was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 2 March 2014 as the second UK single (third overall) from her second studio album Freedom (2013).

Rebecca Ferguson (singer)
Rebecca Caroline Ferguson (born 21 July 1986) is an English soul singer and songwriter. In 2010, Ferguson finished as the runner-up in the seventh series of The X Factor. She later released her debut album titled Heaven in December 2011. The album peaked at number 3 on the UK Albums Chart. Since then, Ferguson has released 4 more albums: Freedom (2013), Lady Sings the Blues (2015), Superwoman (2016), and Heaven Part 2 (2023). She cites Aretha Franklin, Kings of Leon, Christina Aguilera, and Amy Winehouse among her influences.
Weak reference
In computer programming, a weak reference is a reference that does not protect the referenced object from collection by a garbage collector, unlike a strong reference. An object referenced only by weak references – meaning "every chain of references that reaches the object includes at least one weak reference as a link" – is considered weakly reachable, and can be treated as unreachable and so may be collected at any time. Some garbage-collected languages feature or support various levels of weak references, such as C#, Lua, Java, Lisp, OCaml, MATLAB, Perl, Python, Racket, and PHP since the version 7.4.

Reference (computer science)
In computer programming, a reference is a value that enables a program to indirectly access a particular datum, such as a variable's value or a record, in the computer's memory or in some other storage device.  The reference is said to refer to the datum, and accessing the datum is called dereferencing the reference. A reference is distinct from the datum itself.

A reference is an abstract data type and may be implemented in many ways. Typically, a reference refers to data stored in memory on a given system, and its internal value is the memory address of the data, i.e. a reference is implemented as a pointer. For this reason a reference is often said to "point to" the data. Other implementations include an offset (difference) between the datum's address and some fixed "base" address, an index, or identifier used in a lookup operation into an array or table, an operating system handle, a physical address on a storage device, or a network address such as a URL.
Yechezkel Landau
Yechezkel ben Yehuda HaLevi Landau  (8 October 1713 – 29 April 1793) was an influential authority in halakha (Jewish law). He is best known for the work Noda Biyhudah (נודע ביהודה), by which title he is also known.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.
N-Nitrosamides
Nitrosamides are chemical compounds that contain the chemical structure R1C(=X)N(–R2)–N=O, that is, a nitroso group bonded to the nitrogen of an amide or similar functional group. Specific classes include the N-nitrosamides, N-nitrosoureas, N-nitrosoguanidines, and N-nitrosocarbamates. Nitrosamides are usually chemically reactive, metabolically unstable, and often carcinogenic; however, in contrast to the N-nitrosamines, N-nitrosamides are not generally contaminants found in food.

Nitroso
In organic chemistry, nitroso refers to a functional group in which the nitric oxide (−N=O) group is attached to an organic moiety. As such, various nitroso groups can be categorized as C-nitroso compounds (e.g., nitrosoalkanes; R−N=O), S-nitroso compounds (nitrosothiols; RS−N=O), N-nitroso compounds (e.g., nitrosamines, RN(−R’)−N=O), and O-nitroso compounds (alkyl nitrites; RO−N=O).
Toshihiro Hattori
Toshihiro Hattori (服部 年宏, Hattori Toshihiro; born 23 September 1973) is a Japanese professional manager and former footballer who played as a midfielder or defender. He last played for the Japan national team until 2003. He last manager of FC Imabari for 2024 season.

1998–99 Asian Club Championship
The 1998–99 Asian Club Championship was the 18th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the AFC region (Asia). It determined that year's club champion of association football in Asia.

Júbilo Iwata of Japan won the final against Esteghlal and became Asian champions for the first time.
Hashemite–Umayyad rivalry
The Hashemite–Umayyad rivalry was a feud between the clans of Banu Hashim and Umayyad dynasty, both belonging to the Meccan Arab tribe of Quraysh, in the 7th and 8th centuries. The rivalry is important as it influenced key events in the course of early Islamic history.

Timeline of early Islamic history
This is a timeline of the early history of Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad. The information provided in this article is based on Islamic oral tradition, not on historical or archaeological evidence.
A separate list of military expeditions and battles is at List of expeditions of Muhammad.
Ceratiocaris
Ceratiocaris is a genus of paleozoic phyllocarid crustaceans whose fossils are found in marine strata from the Upper Ordovician until the genus' extinction during the Silurian. They are typified by eight short thoracic segments, seven longer abdominal somites and an elongated pretelson somite. Their carapace is slightly oval shaped; they have many ridges parallel to the ventral margin and possess a horn at the anterior end. They are well known from the Silurian Eramosa formation of Ontario, Canada.

The following species are included:

Ceratiocaris bohemica Barrande, 1872

Ceratiocaris harpago Poschmann, Bergmann & Kühl, 2018

Ceratiocaris macroura Collette & Rudkin, 2010

Ceratiocaris monroei Salter in Murchison, 1859

Ceratiocaris murchisoni Jones & Woodward, 1888

Ceratiocaris papilio Salter in Murchison, 1859

Ceratiocaris pusilla Matthew, 1889

Ceratiocaris solenoides  M'Coy, 1849

Ceratiocaris winneshiekensis Briggs et al., 2016

Eramosa Member
44°36′N 81°06′W﻿ / ﻿44.6°N 81.1°W﻿ / 44.6; -81.1

The Eramosa Member is a Silurian stratigraphic unit of the Lockport Formation exposed along the Niagara Escarpment in Ontario and western New York State.  In the late nineteenth century it was an important source of building stone in Hamilton, Ancaster and Waterdown, and in the late twentieth century quarries in a similar unit, also called the Eramosa, near Wiarton in the Bruce Peninsula, became an important source of dimension stone at a time when most of the other resources of similar stone were depleted.  Work in these quarries led to the discovery of exceptionally well preserved fossils (the Eramosa lagerstätte).  On the east Mountain at Hamilton, a well-developed cave system was discovered in the Eramosa and has now been designated as the Eramosa Karst Conservation Area.
Varieties of biryani
Biryani is a mixed rice dish originating in the contact between delicate Persian pilau and spicy Indian cuisine under the Mughal emperors. It is made with rice, meat, onions, garlic, yoghurt, and spices. 
There are many varieties of biryani, both in the Indian subcontinent and in countries around the world.

Cumin
Cumin (/ˈkʌmɪn/ ⓘ, /ˈkjuːmɪn/ ⓘ; US also /ˈkuːmɪn/ ⓘ; Cuminum cyminum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the Irano-Turanian Region. Its seeds – each one contained within a fruit, which is dried – are used in the cuisines of many cultures in both whole and ground form. Although cumin is used in traditional medicine, there is no high-quality evidence that it is safe or effective as a therapeutic agent.
Aomori Contemporary Art Centre
Aomori Contemporary Art Centre (青森公立大学国際芸術センター青森, Aomori Kōritsu Daigaku Kokusai Geijutsu Sentā Aomori) opened in Aomori, Aomori Prefecture, Japan in 2001. Designed by architect Tadao Ando and operated by Aomori Public University, the institution's activities include exhibitions, education initiatives, and an artist-in-residence programme.

Tadao Ando
Tadao Ando (安藤 忠雄, Andō Tadao; born September 13, 1941) is a Japanese architect. Self-taught, he is known for his unique integration of architecture and landscape. Architectural historian Francesco Dal Co described his work as an example of "critical regionalism". Ando was awarded the Pritzker Prize in 1995.
Kostroma cattle
The Kostroma (Russian: костромская порода крупного рогатого скота, kostromskaya poroda krupnogo rogatogo skota, "Kostroma Cattle Breed") is a Russian cattle breed developed in the first half of the 20th century in the Kostroma Oblast of Russia's Upper Volga region, based mostly on
crossbreeding local improved cattle with Brown Swiss, Allgau cattle and Ayrshire bulls. They are similar in appearance to Brown Swiss, but longer in head and body with a narrower forehead.

Kostroma Oblast
Kostroma Oblast (Russian: Костромска́я о́бласть, romanized: Kostromskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kostroma and its population as of the 2021 Census is 580,976. It was formed on August 13, 1944 on the territory detached from neighboring Yaroslavl Oblast.

Textile industries have been developed there since the early 18th century. Its major historic towns include Kostroma, Sharya, Nerekhta, Galich, Soligalich, and Makaryev.
UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Group C
Group C of UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying was one of the ten groups to decide which teams would qualify for the UEFA Euro 2024 final tournament in Germany. Group C consisted of five teams: England, Italy, Malta, North Macedonia, and Ukraine. The teams played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The group saw England and Italy meet again, having faced each other in the UEFA Euro 2020 final.

The top two teams, England and Italy, qualified directly for the final tournament. The participants of the qualifying play-offs were decided based on their performance in the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League.

UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying
The UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from March 2023 to March 2024 to determine the 23 UEFA member men's national teams that would join the automatically qualified host team Germany in the UEFA Euro 2024 final tournament. The competition was linked with the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League, which gave countries a secondary route to qualify for the final tournament.

A total of 53 UEFA member associations entered the qualifying process. The draw for the qualifying group stage took place at the Festhalle in Frankfurt on 9 October 2022.
Al Harris (cornerback)
Alshinard Harris (born December 7, 1974) is an American professional football coach and former player who is the defensive pass game coordinator and defensive backs coach for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). Harris played as a cornerback for 14 seasons in the NFL from 1998 to 2011. He played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Philadelphia Eagles, Green Bay Packers, Miami Dolphins, and St. Louis Rams. He was selected for the Pro Bowl after his 2007 and 2008 seasons in Green Bay. The AP also named him a second team All-Pro in 2007.

Harris was known throughout the league for his physical, bump and run coverage style and was also known for his long, stringy dreadlocks, influencing others in the NFL. He was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the sixth round of the 1997 NFL draft. He played college football for the Texas A&M–Kingsville Javelinas.

Ed Donatell
Ed Donatell (born February 4, 1957) is an American football coach. He was a defensive coordinator for the Green Bay Packers, Atlanta Falcons, Washington Huskies, Denver Broncos, and Minnesota Vikings. His son Tommy is also an NFL coach.
Wyoming Highway 22
Wyoming Highway 22 (WYO 22), also known as the Teton Pass Highway, is a 17.494-mile (28.154 km) state highway in Teton County, Wyoming, United States. It connects Idaho State Highway 33 (SH-33) at the Idaho-Wyoming state line with U.S. Routes 26 / U.S. Route 89 / U.S. Route 189 / U.S. Route 191 (US 26 / US 89 / US 189 / US 191) in Jackson.

U.S. Route 191 in Wyoming
U.S. Route 191 (US 191) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels Douglas, Arizona on the Mexican border, north to Loring, Montana on the Canadian border; broken into two segments by Yellowstone National Park where unnumbered park roads serve as a connector. In the state of Wyoming, it extends approximately 289 miles (465 km) from the Utah state line near Dutch John, Utah to the southern entrance of Yellowstone National Park. The current US 191 alignment through Wyoming was established in 1981, replacing U.S. Route 187 (US 187) and Wyoming Highway 373 (WYO 373), making it relatively new compared to other U.S. Highways.
Marla Sokolowski
Marla B. Sokolowski FRSC is a University Professor in the Departments of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Toronto. Sokolowski is a scientist whose work is widely considered to be groundbreaking, foundational for a variety of fields, and instrumental in refutations of genetic determinism, and has, according to the Royal Society of Canada, "permanently changed the way we frame questions about individual differences in behaviour". Sokolowski's comprehensive study of the fruit fly and other animal systems, including humans, has shaped fundamental concepts in  behavioural evolution, plasticity, and genetic pleiotropy. Specifically, Sokolowski is best known for her discovery of the foraging gene. Sokolowski was the 2020 recipient of the Flavelle Medal. Sokolowski is only one of two women to ever win the award- the other being Margaret Newton in 1948.

Margaret Newton
Margaret Brown Newton FRSC (20 April 1887 – 6 April 1971) was a Canadian plant pathologist and mycologist internationally renowned for her pioneering research in stem rust Puccinia graminis, particularly for its effect on the staple Canadian agricultural product wheat.

Newton never married, and was regarded as a friendly and persistent individual with drive and a warm personality. She often "worked to the point of exhaustion".
Yacob Mulugetta
Yacob Mulugetta is a British-African professor of Energy and Development Policy and the Director of MPA programme at the Department of Science, Technology, Engineering & Public Policy, University College London. He is a member of African Academy of Sciences (ACPC) He was the Lead Coordinating  Author of the 5th Assessment Report of the  Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change by Energy Systems chapter and he is one of the founding members of the African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC)

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
History of Dundee
Dundee (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Dèagh) is the fourth-largest city in Scotland with a population of around 150,000 people. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the east coast of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The Dundee area has been settled since the Mesolithic with evidence of Pictish habitation beginning in the Iron Age. During the Medieval Era the city became a prominent trading port and was the site of many battles. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the local jute industry caused the city to grow rapidly. In this period, Dundee also gained prominence due to its marmalade industry and its journalism, giving Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism".

Hector Boece
Hector Boece (/ˈbɔɪs/; also spelled Boyce or Boise; 1465–1536), known in Latin as Hector Boecius or Boethius, was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and the first Principal of King's College in Aberdeen, a predecessor of the University of Aberdeen.
Mississippi Highway 23
Mississippi Highway 23 (MS 23) is a state highway in Mississippi. The route starts at MS 25 in the town of Smithville. It travels northeastward through the forests of eastern Itawamba County. The highway intersects Interstate 22 (I-22) and U.S. Route 78 (US 78) in Tremont. MS 23 ends at the Mississippi–Alabama state line, just west of Red Bay, continuing as SR 19.

The routing that became part of MS 23 was first constructed as a graded road in 1925, from north of Amory to the state line. Gravel was added to sections of the route in the 1930s. The designation was added to maps around 1950, and it was extended to Smithville in 1960. The route was fully paved by 1980.

U.S. Route 45 Alternate
U.S. Route 45 Alternate (US 45 Alternate, also signed as US 45A) is a 62.9-mile-long (101.2 km) alternate route of US 45 in northeastern Mississippi, running from Brooksville, through West Point, to Shannon, which lies just south of Tupelo. Excluding the route through West Point, the entire length of US 45 Alternate is a four-lane divided expressway, with interchanges at most major junctions.

It is one of only two signed special routes of any U.S. Highway within the entire state of Mississippi, with the rest being signed as normal state highways.  The other instance is US-49E and US-49W in the delta region of western Mississippi.
Umyotsky District
Umyotsky District  (Russian: Умётский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The district borders with Gavrilovsky District in the north, Tamalinsky District of Penza Oblast in the east, Inzhavinsky District in the south, and with Kirsanovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,097 square kilometers (424 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Umyot. Population: 12,044 (2010 Census);  13,545 (2002 Census); 15,228 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Umyot accounts for 39.4% of the district's total population.

Gavrilovsky District
Gavrilovsky District (Russian: Гаври́ловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast.  The district borders with Pichayevsky District in the north, Belinsky District of Penza Oblast in the east, Kirsanovsky District in the south, and with Bondarsky District in the west. The area of the district is 998 square kilometers (385 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Gavrilovka 2-ya. Population: 12,032 (2010 Census);  14,182 (2002 Census); 15,528 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gavrilovka 2-ya accounts for 22.2% of the district's total population.
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's slalom K-1
These are the results of the women's K-1 slalom competition in canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics. The K-1 (kayak single) event is raced by one-person kayaks through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 2000 Olympic competition was at the Penrith Whitewater Stadium.

Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Canoeing at the 2000 Summer Olympics was held at the Sydney International Regatta Centre for the sprint events and the Whitewater Stadium in Penrith for the canoe and kayak slalom disciplines. The repechage rounds that ran from the 1960 to the 1996 Games were eliminated in the sprint events while qualifying rounds were added to the slalom events. Additionally, a quota system for each event was enacted, meaning each event had a limited number of competitors that could compete.

A total of 16 events were contested, 12 sprint events (9 for men and 3 for women) and 4 slalom events (3 for men and 1 for women).