hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sorbus 'Gibbsii'
Sorbus 'Gibbsii' is a cultivar of the rowan genus Sorbus. It is a tree with white flowers and small, bright red, round or oval berry-like fruits that are really pomes. It is an important food source for birds and other wildlife. It is also popular as an ornamental plant. It is also used as a street tree.

Sorbus
Sorbus is a genus of over 100 species of trees and shrubs in the rose family, Rosaceae. Species of Sorbus (s.str.) are commonly known as rowan or mountain-ash. The genus used to include species commonly known as whitebeam, chequer tree and service tree that are now classified in other genera (see below). The genus Sorbus, as currently circumscribed, includes only the pinnate leaved species of former subgenus Sorbus.

Sorbus is not closely related to the true ash trees which belong to the genus Fraxinus, although the leaves are superficially similar.
Sigurður Þorsteinsson
Sigurður Gunnar Þorsteinsson (born 8 July 1988) is an Icelandic former basketball player. Nicknamed Ísafjarðartröllið (English: The Ísafjördur Troll), he won the Icelandic championship four times during his career, in 2008, 2012, 2013 and 2023. Outside of Iceland, Sigurður has played professionally in Greece and Sweden.

Úrvalsdeild karla (basketball)
Úrvalsdeild karla (English: Men's Premier League), also known as Bónus deild karla for sponsorship reasons, is the highest men's professional basketball competition among clubs in Iceland, where play determines the national champion. It is organized by the Icelandic Basketball Federation (Icelandic: Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands - KKÍ).
The season consists of a home-and-away schedule of 22 games, followed by an eight-team playoff round. Quarterfinals, semifinals and finals series are best-of-five. The bottom clubs are relegated, and replaced by the top team from the regular-season phase and the four-team playoff round winner of the second-level First Division (Icelandic: 1. deild karla).
County-class destroyer
The County class was a class of British guided missile destroyers, the first such warships built by the Royal Navy. Designed specifically around the Seaslug anti-aircraft missile system, the primary role of these ships was area air defence around the aircraft carrier task force in the nuclear-war environment.

Eight ships were built and entered service. Two served in the British naval task force in the Falklands War in 1982. After leaving British service, four ships were sold to the Chilean Navy and one to the Pakistan Navy.

Beam riding
Beam-riding, also known as line-of-sight beam riding (LOSBR), beam guidance or radar beam riding is a technique of directing a missile to its target by means of radar or a laser beam. The name refers to the way the missile flies down the guidance beam, which is aimed at the target. It is one of the simplest guidance systems and was widely used on early missile systems, however it had a number of disadvantages for long-range targeting and is now found typically only in short-range roles.
Camporeale
Camporeale (Sicilian: Campuriali) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Palermo. As of 2023, it has a population of 2.500 people and an area of 38.6 square kilometres (14.9 sq mi).

Camporeale borders the following municipalities: Alcamo, Monreale.

Monreale
Monreale (/ˌmɒnriˈæl/; Italian pronunciation: [monreˈaːle]; Sicilian: Murriali) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy. It is located 310 meters (1017.06 ft) above the sea level on the slope of Mount Caputo, a small promontory overlooking the valley of Palermo, from which it is approximately 7 km (4 miles) to the south.

The town developed on a site used by the Norman kings for hunting. They built a royal palace there, hence the name Mons Regalis. The city gained great importance when king William II of Sicily built Monreale Cathedral with the adjoining Benedictine monastery. In 1183, it became the seat of the archbishop.

Monreale forms its own archdiocese. Its cathedral is one of several buildings named in a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a group of nine inscribed as Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale.
Herangi Range
Herangi Range is a range of hills south of Marokopa and north of Awakino, in the Waikato region of New Zealand, reaching to the Tasman Sea at Tapirimoko, Tirua, Taungaururoa, Te Mauku and Ngarupupu Points. Just to the south of Ngarupupu, the Waikawau River enters the sea. Other rivers draining the range are Mangaotaki River, Awakino River and Manganui River. Herangi is part of the Whareorino conservation area.

Herangi is in the Maniapoto rohe. Pā and other archaeological sites are found close together along the coast, but very few in the range itself. The Kiritehere valley was settled in the 1900s, but much of the rest of the range is in Whareorino Conservation Area, of particular importance for its native frogs.

A Reims Cessna F152 II crashed into a tree on a ridge between Whareorino (649 m (2,129 ft)) and Mangatoa Saddle on 21 July 2009. The pilot, who died, was inexperienced and had not complied with requirements to calculate a route allowing for the poor weather.

Manganui River (Waikato)
Waikato's Manganui River is located close to the west coast of New Zealand's North Island. It flows south, parallel to the coast of the North Taranaki Bight, before flowing into the Awakino River 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the latter's mouth.
Rwenzori double-collared sunbird
The Rwenzori double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris stuhlmanni), also called Stuhlmann's sunbird or the Rwanda double-collared sunbird, is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae.  It is found in the Ruwenzori range of mountains in south central Africa.  Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the greater double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris afer). Some authors consider this bird to be part of a species complex with Cinnyris afer, where it joins Ludwig's double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris ludovicensis) and Prigogine's double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris prigoginei). As with other closely related species, each inhabiting different locations, there are subtle similarities and differences between the local populations, and their taxonomic treatment depends on the views of the taxonomist.

Ludwig's double-collared sunbird
Ludwig's double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris ludovicensis) or the montane double-collared sunbird, is a small passerine bird which breeds in forested mountains above 1,800 m (5,900 ft) in western Angola as well as the Nyika Plateau of northern Malawi and northeastern Zambia. This bird is sometimes considered to be con-specific with the greater double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris afer). It is sometimes placed in the genus Nectarinia.
6th Ohio General Assembly
The Sixth Ohio General Assembly was the sixth meeting of the Ohio state legislature, composed of the Ohio State Senate and the Ohio House of Representatives. It convened in Chillicothe, Ohio, on December 7, 1807, and adjourned February 22, 1808.

Montgomery County, Ohio
Montgomery County is in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. At the 2020 census, the population was 537,309, making it the fifth-most populous county in Ohio. The county seat is Dayton. The county was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general, who was killed in 1775 while attempting to capture Quebec City, Canada. Montgomery County is part of the Dayton, Ohio, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Gottfried Schultz
Gottfried Schultz GmbH, based in Ratingen, is the largest dealer for the automotive brands owned by Volkswagen Group. The company employs approximately 1,900 people in 26 plants. It distributes and services cars of the marques Volkswagen, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Audi, SEAT, Škoda, Bentley, Porsche and Bugatti.

Škoda Auto
Škoda Auto a.s. (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʃkoda] ⓘ), often shortened to Škoda, is a Czech automobile manufacturer established in 1896 as the successor to Laurin & Klement and headquartered in Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic. Škoda Works became state owned in 1948. After the Velvet Revolution, it was gradually privatized starting in 1991, eventually becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the German multinational conglomerate Volkswagen Group in 2000.

Škoda automobiles are sold in over 100 countries, and in 2018, total global sales reached 1.25 million units, an increase of 4.4% from the previous year. The operating profit was €1.6 billion in 2017, an increase of 34.6% over the previous year. As of 2017, Škoda's profit margin was the second-highest of all Volkswagen AG brands after Porsche.

Its slogan was “Simply Clever” until 2022, when a new brand identity and a new slogan "Let's Explore" were introduced.
D-class lifeboat (Avon S650)
The D-class lifeboat (Avon S650) was a sub-class of four inflatable boats operated as part of the D-class between 1971 and 1986 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution of the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was superseded by the D-class lifeboat (Zodiac III).

D-class lifeboat (Zodiac III)
The D-class (Zodiac III) lifeboat is a class of inflatable boat, operated between 1971 and 1996 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) of the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was replaced operationally by the D-class (EA16).
Magomed Magomedkerimov
Magomed Magomedkerimov (Russian: Магомед Магомедкеримов; born 1 October 1990) is a Russian professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Welterweight division of Professional Fighters League (PFL).

2014 in Absolute Championship Berkut
The year 2014 was the second year in the history of the Absolute Championship Berkut, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Russia. 2014 started with Absolute Championship Berkut 1. It started broadcasting through a television agreement with  Match TV.
Star schema
In computing, the star schema or star model is the simplest style of data mart schema and is the approach most widely used to develop data warehouses and dimensional data marts. The star schema consists of one or more fact tables referencing any number of dimension tables. The star schema is an important special case of the snowflake schema, and is more effective for handling simpler queries.

The star schema gets its name from the physical model's resemblance to a star shape with a fact table at its center and the dimension tables surrounding it representing the star's points.

Logical schema
A logical data model or logical schema is a data model of a specific problem domain expressed independently of a particular database management product or storage technology (physical data model) but in terms of data structures such as relational tables and columns, object-oriented classes, or XML tags. This is as opposed to a conceptual data model, which describes the semantics of an organization without reference to technology.
Old Clee
Old Clee is located in the Clee Road (A46) and Carr Lane area of eastern Grimsby, North East Lincolnshire, England, and adjoins the neighbouring town of Cleethorpes, to which it has historic links. It is in the Heneage ward of the North East Lincolnshire Unitary Council. Previously a separate village, its parish church of Holy Trinity and Saint Mary, claimed to be the oldest building in Grimsby, has an Anglo-Saxon tower dating from 1050. Located in the area are the Old Clee infants and junior schools (Colin Avenue) and the Havelock Academy (Holyoake Road). Nearby is the King George V Stadium.

A46 road
The A46 is a major A road in England. It starts east of Bath, Somerset and ends in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire, but it does not form a continuous route.  Large portions of the old road have been lost, bypassed, or replaced by motorway development.  Between Leicester and Lincoln the road follows the course of the Roman Fosse Way, but between Bath and Leicester, two cities also linked by the Fosse Way, it follows a more westerly course.
Michael J. Conrad
Michael John Conrad (July 29, 1933 – January 6, 2023) was a United States Army major general who served as Commanding General, 1st Cavalry Division from 1984 to 1986 and then as Deputy Inspector General of the Army until his retirement in 1988. He graduated from the United States Military Academy with a B.S. degree in military science in 1956. Conrad later earned an M.S. degree in mathematics from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1965.

Conrad served as a battalion commander in Vietnam from 1969 to 1970 and was awarded two Silver Star Medals, the Distinguished Flying Cross, two Bronze Star Medals, seventeen Air Medals and two Purple Hearts. He has also received the Distinguished Service Medal, two awards of the Legion of Merit and an Army Commendation Medal.

Conrad died in Carmichael, California on January 6, 2023, at the age of 89.

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Yinxian
Yinxian (simplified Chinese: 隐贤; traditional Chinese: 隱賢; pinyin: Yǐnxián) is a town of Shou County in central Anhui province, China. It has 2 residential communities (社区) and 8 villages under its administration.

Shou County
Shou County or Shouxian (simplified Chinese: 寿县; traditional Chinese: 壽縣; pinyin: Shòu Xiàn) is a county in the north-central part of Anhui Province, China, and is located on the southern (right) bank of the Huai River. It is the southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Huainan. Its population is 1,280,000 and its area is 2,986 km2 (1,153 sq mi). It is a National Cultural and Historical City. The jurisdiction of Shou County was transferred 3 December 2015 from Lu'an to Huainan.

Shou County has jurisdiction over 17 towns, 7 townships and 1 ethnic township. The seat of Shou County is Shouchun.
Benzeneselenol
Benzeneselenol, also known as selenophenol, is the organoselenium compound with the chemical formula C6H5SeH, often abbreviated PhSeH. It is the selenium analog of phenol. This colourless, malodorous compound is a reagent in organic synthesis.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Ho Chi Minh City
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Ho Chi Minh City (Chinese: 駐胡志明市台北經濟文化辦事處; pinyin: Zhù Húzhìmíng Shì Táiběi Jīngjì Wénhuà Bànshì Chù) (Vietnamese: Văn phòng Kinh tế Văn hóa Đài Bắc tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh) represents the interests of Taiwan in the southern regions of Vietnam and Cambodia, functioning as a de facto consulate in the absence of diplomatic relations. There is also a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Vietnam located in Hanoi, which has responsibility for relations with the northern regions of Vietnam as well as Laos.

Its counterpart body in Taiwan is the Vietnam Economic and Culture Office in Taipei.

Vietnam Economic and Culture Office in Taipei
The Vietnam Economic - Culture Office in Taipei (Vietnamese: Văn phòng Kinh tế - Văn hóa Việt Nam tại Đài Bắc; Chinese: 駐台北越南經濟文化辦事處; pinyin: Zhù Táiběi Yuènán jīngjì wénhuà bànshì chù) is the representative office of Vietnam in Taiwan, which functions as a de facto embassy in the absence of formal diplomatic relations. Its counterpart body in Vietnam is the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Vietnam based in Hanoi.
Webvan
Webvan was a dot-com company and grocery business that filed for bankruptcy in 2001 after three years of operation. It was headquartered in Foster City, California, United States. It delivered products to customers' homes within a 30-minute window of their choosing. At its peak, it offered service in ten US areas: the San Francisco Bay Area; Dallas; Sacramento; San Diego; Los Angeles; Orange County, California; Chicago; Seattle; Portland, Oregon; and Atlanta, Georgia. The company had hoped to expand to 26 cities by 2001.

Long after the failure of Webvan, the concept of companies delivering groceries very quickly grew from about 2020, and several companies were vying for business from dark stores.

Dot-com company
A dot-com company, or simply a dot-com (alternatively rendered dot.com, dot com, dotcom or .com), is a company that conducts most of its businesses on the Internet, usually through a website on the World Wide Web that uses the popular top-level domain ".com". As of 2021, .com is by far the most used TLD, with almost half of all registrations.

The suffix .com in a URL usually (but not always) refers to a commercial or for-profit entity, as opposed to a non-commercial entity or non-profit organization, which usually use .org. The name for the domain came from the word commercial, as that is the main intended use. Since the .com companies are web-based, often their products or services are delivered via web-based mechanisms, even when physical products are involved. On the other hand, some .com companies do not offer any physical products.
2025 Cork Junior A Football Championship
The 2025 Cork Junior A Football Championship was the 127th staging of the Cork Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895. The championship ran from 1 November to 30 November 2025.

The final was played on 30 November 2025 at SuperValu Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between Kilmacabea and Donoughmore, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Kilmacabea won the match by 1–14 to 1–07 to claim their first ever championship title.

Kilmacabea's Damien Gore was the championship's top scorer with 0-15.

1895 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 13 October 1895 at the Town Park in Mallow, between William O'Briens and Dromtarriffe. William O'Briens won the match by 0–04 to 0–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
Clostridioides difficile toxin A
Clostridioides difficile toxin A (TcdA) is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile, formerly known as Clostridium difficile. It is similar to Clostridioides difficile Toxin B. The toxins are the main virulence factors produced by the gram positive, anaerobic, Clostridioides difficile bacteria. The toxins function by damaging the intestinal mucosa and cause the symptoms of C. difficile infection, including pseudomembranous colitis.

TcdA is one of the largest bacterial toxins known. With a molecular mass of 308 kDa, it is usually described as a potent enterotoxin, but it also has some activity as a cytotoxin. The toxin acts by modifying host cell GTPase proteins by glucosylation, leading to changes in cellular activities. Risk factors for C. difficile infection include antibiotic treatment, which can disrupt normal intestinal microbiota and lead to colonization of C. difficile bacteria.

Rho family of GTPases
The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G proteins, and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have been shown to regulate many aspects of intracellular actin dynamics, and are found in all eukaryotic kingdoms, including yeasts and some plants. Three members of the family have been studied in detail: Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA. All G proteins are "molecular switches", and Rho proteins play a role in organelle development, cytoskeletal dynamics, cell movement, and other common cellular functions.
2018 AFC Cup
The 2018 AFC Cup was the 15th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya from Iraq won the title for the third consecutive year, defeating Altyn Asyr from Turkmenistan in the final.

West Asian Football Federation
The West Asian Football Federation (WAFF; Arabic: اتحاد غرب آسيا لكرة القدم) is a regional sub-confederation of association football, governed under the Asian Football Confederation. Founded in 2001, it governs football, futsal and beach football for nations in West Asia. The WAFF consists of 12 member associations.
RWTH Aachen Faculty of Medicine
The Faculty of Medicine is one of ten faculties at the RWTH Aachen University. It was founded in 1966. The Klinikum Aachen contains many specialised clinics, theoretical and clinical institutes and other research facilities, lecture halls, schools for jobs in the medical field, and all facilities necessary for a hospital like a laundry and central sterilisation. Approximately 2,700 students are enrolled in the faculty.

Uniklinikum Aachen
The Uniklinikum Aachen, full German name Universitätsklinikum Aachen ("University Hospital Aachen", abbreviated UKA), formerly known as Neues Klinikum ("New Clinic"), is the university hospital of the city of Aachen, Germany, and one of the largest hospitals in Europe. It is part of the RWTH Aachen and contains its whole medical faculty.

In addition to wards and common hospital facilities such as laundry and sterilization units, the Uniklinikum Aachen houses educational and research facilities including specialized clinics, theoretical and clinical institutes, lecture halls and training rooms.

The hospital's exterior and design is a prime example of high-tech architecture.
Gulu Central Forest Reserve
Gulu Central Forest Reserve is a Forest Reserve located in Gulu District, Laroo-Pece division, Gulu City and is a protected area by National Forestry Authority. Despite numerous threats, the forest reserve has faced numerous challenges.

Gulu
Gulu is a city in the Northern Region of Uganda and is the commercial and administrative centre of Gulu District.

The coordinates of the city of Gulu are 2°46'54.0"N 32°17'57.0"E. The city id Kampala is 333 kilometres (207 mi) from Kampala by road. Gulu is served by Gulu Airport.
Sedeh Rural District (Arak County)
Sedeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان سده) is in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Zamen Jan. The previous administrative center for the rural district was the city of Senjan, now a neighborhood in the city of Arak.

Arak, Iran
Arak (Persian: اراک; IPA: [æˈɾɒːkʲ] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

The city is nicknamed the "Industrial Capital of Iran". Industrial factories  include Machine Sazi Arak and the Iranian Aluminium Company, which produce nearly half of the needs of the country in the steel, petrochemical, and locomotive industries.

In 2025, during the Iran-Israel war, Israel struck the Arak heavy water reactor.