hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R440 road (Ireland)
The R440 road is a regional road in Ireland linking Birr, County Offaly and Mountrath, County Laois. It passes through the village of Kinnity, County Offaly and from there climbs to the watershed of the Slieve Bloom Mountains north of Stillbrook Hill, crossing at an elevation of 1,503 feet (458 m) into County Laois on the plateau and descending to Mountrath.

The road is 36 km (22 mi) long.

Mountrath
Mountrath (Irish: Maighean Rátha, meaning 'homestead of the ringfort') is a town in County Laois, Ireland.  The town lies on the R445 midway between Dublin and Limerick, exactly 96.5 km (60 mi) from both cities. The town was bypassed by the M7 motorway in 2010, leading to a significant easing of traffic congestion in the town.

As of the 2022 census, Mountrath had a population of 2,070. The river that flows through the town is called the Whitehorse and gets its name from the white colouring that was present in its water from the whiskey distillery that used to be in the centre of the town.
Ultraman Orb
Ultraman Orb (ウルトラマンオーブ, Urutoraman Ōbu) is a Japanese tokusatsu television series produced by Tsuburaya Productions and broadcast on TV Tokyo. It is the 20th entry (29th overall) in the Ultra Series and  released to commemorate its 50th anniversary of the Ultra Series and is the first since Ultra Galaxy Mega Monster Battle: Never Ending Odyssey not to be a part of Ultraman Retsuden/New Ultraman Retsuden. Similar to its preceding series, Ultraman X, Orb is also simulcasted in North America via Crunchyroll. The series was also released on Toku on July 2, 2018, and then added to its streaming platform the following month.

The show's main catchphrases are "Let me borrow the power of your lights!" (光の力、おかりします！, Hikari no chikara, okarishimasu!) and "Awaken, the warrior of light." (覚醒せよ、光の戦士。, Kakusei seyo, hikari no senshi.).

Ultraseven
Ultraseven (ウルトラセブン, Urutora Sebun) is a Japanese tokusatsu science fiction television series created by Eiji Tsuburaya. It is the second entry (third overall) in the Ultra Series and was produced by Tsuburaya Productions. The series aired on Tokyo Broadcasting System from October 1, 1967 to September 8, 1968.
1924 United States House of Representatives election in New Mexico
The 1924 United States House of Representatives election in New Mexico was held on November 4, 1924, to elect the state's at-large representative. Incumbent Democrat John Morrow won re-election by 3.5 percentage points.

This election coincided with a Governor election and other state and local offices. John Morrow out performed Democrat John W. Davis in the concurrent presidential election by 9 points, making this the first time this district voted differently on the presidential level.

1924 United States presidential election in New Mexico
The 1924 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 4, 1924. All contemporary forty-eight state were part of the 1924 United States presidential election. State voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College, which voted for President and Vice President.

New Mexico was won by incumbent Republican President Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts with 48.5% of the vote, over Democratic West Virginia Congressman John W. Davis's 43%, and Progressive Party Wisconsin U.S. Senator Robert La Follette's 8.5%.
Missouri Route 103
Route 103 is a short highway in southeastern Missouri. Its southern terminus is at Route Z inside the Ozark National Scenic Riverways. The route travels north and intersects a few county roads as it leaves the national park. The road ends at U.S. Route 60 in a three-way junction. After being proposed in 1930, a road was built from the national park to US 60 in 1933. The gravel road was designated as Route 103, and it was paved five years later.

U.S. Route 60 in Missouri
U.S. Route 60 (US 60) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Brenda, Arizona, east to Virginia Beach, Virginia. In the state of Missouri, US 60 is a main east–west highway that runs through the southern part of the state, from the Oklahoma border to the Illinois border.
Caponier
A caponier is a type of defensive structure in a fortification. Fire from this point could cover the ditch beyond the curtain wall to deter any attempt to storm the wall. The word originates from the French caponnière, meaning "chicken coop" (a capon is a castrated male chicken).

In some types of bastioned fortifications, the caponier served as a means of access to the outworks, protecting troops from direct fire; they were often roofless. Although they could be used for firing along the ditch, the flanks of the bastions were the main defence of the ditch by fire. In later polygonal forts, caponiers were often roofed and were not intended as a type of covered way, but as the main way of keeping the ditch clear of a besieger.

Bastion
A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries.
Mir-205
In molecular biology miR-205 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. They are involved in numerous cellular processes, including development, proliferation, and apoptosis. Currently, it is believed that miRNAs elicit their effect by silencing the expression of target genes.

The miR-200 family (miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-429) and miR-205 are frequently silenced in advanced cancer. Studies has shown that—by targeting the transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, ZEB1 and ZEB2 miR-205 is involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor invasion.

Recently, miR-200 silencing was also reported in cancer stem cells, implying that miR-200 deregulation is a key event in multiple levels of tumor biology.  The cause of miR-200 silencing in naturally occurring cancer cells, however, remains largely unknown.

Interleukin 32
Interleukin 32 (IL32) is proinflammatory cytokine that in humans is encoded by the IL32 gene. Interleukin 32 can be found in higher mammals but not in rodents. It is mainly expressed intracellularly and the protein has nine different isoforms, because the pre-mRNA can be alternatively spliced. The most active and studied isoform is IL-32γ. It was first reported in 2005, although the IL-32 gene was first described in 1992. It does not belong to any cytokine family because there is almost no homology with other cytokines.

mRNA of IL-32 is mostly expressed in immune cells but also can be expressed in other tissues such as spleen, thymus, lung, small intestine, colon, prostate, heart, placenta, liver, muscle, kidney, pancreas and brain.

Interleukin 32 is connected with several diseases, including cancer.
The Signpost (novel)
The Signpost is a 1943 E. Arnot Robertson novel published by Jonathan Cape, set in a remote fishing village in County Donegal during the Second World War. The main character, Tom Fairburn, is an invalided out Irish volunteer in the R.A.F. who returns to his native Cork after the Battle of Britain to the different world of his neutral home country and becomes involved with another stranger to the village, a French woman.

Jonathan Cape
Jonathan Cape is a British publishing firm headquartered in London and founded in 1921 by Herbert Jonathan Cape, who was head of the firm until his death in 1960.

Cape and his business partner Wren Howard (1893–1968) set up the publishing house in 1921. They established a reputation for high-quality design and production and a fine list of English-language authors, fostered by the firm's editor and reader Edward Garnett. Cape's list of writers ranged from poets including Robert Frost and C. Day Lewis, to children's authors such as Roald Dahl, Hugh Lofting and Arthur Ransome, to James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, to heavyweight fiction by James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.

After Cape's death, the firm later merged successively with three other London publishing houses. In 1987 it was taken over by Random House. Its name continues as one of Random House's British imprints.
Rustaq
Rustaq (Arabic: ٱلرُّسْتَاق, romanized: Ar-Rustāq) is a town and Wilayah (District) in the Al Batinah South Governorate of northern Oman in the Western Hajar Mountains. Rustaq was once the capital of Oman, during the era of Imam Nasir bin Murshid al Ya'arubi.

Jebel Akhdar (Oman)
The Jebel Akhdar Mountains (Arabic: ٱلْجَبَل ٱلْأَخْضَر, romanized: Al-Jabal Al-Akhḍar, lit. 'The Green Mountain') is a mountain range approximately 80 km (50 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, that is part of the Hajar Mountains in Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate of Oman.

It rises to a height of 3,018 m (9,902 ft) and encompasses the Saiq Plateau at 2,000 m (6,600 ft) above sea level.

Jebel Akhdar Mountains is famous for its labyrinth of wadis (river valleys) and terraced orchards, where pomegranates, apricots, and roses grow in abundance due to its mild Mediterranean climate.

The highest peak in the Jebel Akhdar Mountains is Jebel Shams, which with its elevation of 3,018 m (9,902 ft) is also the highest peak in the Hajar range and in Oman.

Jebel Shams also has a second summit (the South Summit), which is publicly accessible for trekking via the W4 Trail. The elevation of the second south summit is 2,997 m (9,833 ft).
1925 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1925 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in outdoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, California, and it took place 4–5 July. The women's meet was held separately at Paddock Field in Pasadena, California, on 11 July.

At the men's championships, Henry Bonura threw the javelin 65.19 metres (213.9 ft), better than the then-American record, but the mark was not accepted as a record due to wind assistance. The main meet was held on 4 July and relays were held on 5 July. In the women's competition, Helen Filkey became the first woman to win multiple events at a single championships.

USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. Since the year 1992, in the years which feature a Summer Olympics, World Athletics Championships, Pan American Games, NACAC Championships, or an IAAF Continental Cup, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Frataraka
Frataraka (Aramaic: Prtkr’𐡐𐡓𐡕𐡊𐡓’, "governor", or more specifically "sub-satrapal governor")  is an ancient Persian title, interpreted variously as “leader, governor, forerunner”. It is an epithet or title of a series of rulers in Persis from 3rd to mid 2nd century BC, or alternatively between 295 and 220 BC, at the time of the Seleucid Empire, prior to the Parthian conquest of West Asia and Iran. Studies of frataraka coins are important to historians of this period.

Characene
Characene (Ancient Greek: Χαρακηνή), also known as Mesene (Μεσσήνη) or Meshan, was a kingdom founded by the Iranian Hyspaosines located at the head of the Persian Gulf mostly within modern day Iraq. Its capital, Charax Spasinou (Χάραξ Σπασινού), was an important port for trade between Mesopotamia and India, and also provided port facilities for the city of Susa further up the Karun River. The kingdom was frequently a vassal of the Parthian Empire. Characene was mainly populated by Arabs, who spoke Aramaic as their cultural language. All rulers of the principality had Iranian names. Members of the Arsacid dynasty also ruled the state.
Owens, Crosby County, Texas
Owens is an unincorporated community in Crosby County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 40 in 2000. It is located within the Lubbock metropolitan area.

Lubbock metropolitan area
The Lubbock metropolitan area is a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the South Plains region of West Texas, United States, that covers three counties – Crosby, Lubbock, and Lynn. As of the 2010 census, the Lubbock MSA had a population of 290,805, though a 2019 estimate placed the population at 322,257, which ranks it the 157th-most populated MSA in the United States. It is also part of the larger Lubbock–Plainview combined statistical area.
Constructional apraxia
Constructional apraxia is a neurological disorder in which people are unable to perform tasks or movements even though they understand the task, are willing to complete it, and have the physical ability to perform the movements. It is characterized by an inability or difficulty to build, assemble, or draw objects. Constructional apraxia may be caused by lesions in the parietal lobe following stroke or it may serve as an indicator for Alzheimer's disease.

Semantic memory
Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives. This general knowledge (word meanings, concepts, facts, and ideas) is intertwined in experience and dependent on culture. New concepts are learned by applying knowledge learned from things in the past.

Semantic memory is distinct from episodic memory—the memory of experiences and specific events that occur in one's life that can be recreated at any given point. For instance, semantic memory might contain information about what a cat is, whereas episodic memory might contain a specific memory of stroking a particular cat.

Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), or memory of facts or events that can be consciously recalled and "declared". The counterpart to declarative or explicit memory is implicit memory (also known as nondeclarative memory).
Ataullah Mengal
Ataullah Mengal (Urdu: عطاءاللہ مینگل; 24 March 1929 – 2 September 2021) was a Pakistani politician and feudal figure. He was the head of the Mengal tribe until he nominated one of his grandsons, Sardar Asad Ullah Mengal, as his tribal successor. He was also the 1st Chief Minister of Balochistan during Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's premiership from 1 May 1972 to 13 February 1973. He died on 2 September 2021 in Karachi.

Chief Minister of Balochistan
The Chief Minister of Balochistan (Urdu: وزیر اعلیٰ بلوچستان) is the head of government of Balochistan, Pakistan. The chief minister leads the legislative branch of the Government of Balochistan,  and is elected by the Provincial Assembly. Given that he has the assembly's confidence, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits. Sarfraz Bugti is the current prime minister of Balochistan. The current Cabinet of Balochistan consists of 14 members
Petropavlovskiy (crater)
Petropavlovsky is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It is attached to the southern rim of the slightly larger crater Razumov, intruding slightly into the interior. Just to the west is the crater Frost, along the southern rim of the walled plain Landau.

This is a moderately eroded feature, with a worn outer rim that is marked by several lesser impacts. A merged pair of small craters cuts across the northwestern rim and inner wall, and another craterlet lies along the southeast rim. The interior floor is relatively level, except for a double central peak formation at the midpoint.

The crater was named in 1970 after Boris Sergeevich Petropavlovsky, a Soviet rocket pioneer. Petropavlovskiy was called Crater 168 prior to naming.

Landau (crater)
Landau is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It was named after physicist Lev Landau. The crater Wegener is attached to the northeastern rim. Attached to the southeastern rim is Frost.

The outer rim of Landau is heavily eroded and modified by subsequent impacts. The most notable of these is Wood, which overlays the northwest rim. Much of the floor is hilly and irregular, with only the northeast quadrant being somewhat level. There are multiple small craters and craterlets in the floor. The most intact section of the rim is in the southwest, although this is now little more than a low ridge line.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Landau was called Crater 97.

Landau lies at the approximate margin of the Coulomb-Sarton Basin, a 530 km wide impact crater of Pre-Nectarian age.
Interwar unemployment and poverty in the United Kingdom
Unemployment was the dominant issue of British society during the interwar years. Unemployment levels rarely dipped below 1,000,000 and reached a peak of more than 3,000,000 in 1933, a figure which represented more than 20% of the working population. The unemployment rate was even higher in areas including South Wales and Liverpool. The Government extended unemployment insurance schemes in 1920 to alleviate the effects of unemployment.

Unemployment Insurance Act 1927
The Unemployment Insurance Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 30) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by the Conservative Party in 1927. It reintroduced means testing for some benefits. One of the most controversial proposals was to raise Treasury contributions to that made by employers and workers, but that was dropped from the final legislation.
Upale
Upale [uˈpalɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Daszyna, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Daszyna, 6 km (4 mi) north of Łęczyca, and 40 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Daszyna
Daszyna [daˈʂɨna] is a village in Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Daszyna. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north of Łęczyca and 47 km (29 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 600.
ADB-FUBIATA
ADB-FUBIATA (AD-18, FUB-ACADB, ADB-FUBIACA) is a synthetic cannabinoid compound first identified in 2021. It is closely related in structure to the older compound ADB-FUBICA but with the amide linker group extended by the addition of a methylene bridge. It started to be sold as an ingredient in grey-market synthetic cannabis blends following the introduction of legislation in China which for the first time introduced general controls on various classes of synthetic cannabinoids, but did not encompass compounds where the linker group had been extended in this fashion. ADB-FUBIATA has many times lower affinity for cannabinoid receptors than ADB-FUBICA with an EC50 of only 635 nM at CB1, but retains full agonist activity at this target, while being practically inactive at CB2.

Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.
Lei Cheng Uk (constituency)
Lei Cheng Uk (Chinese: 李鄭屋) is one of the 25 constituencies in the Sham Shui Po District of Hong Kong which was created in 1994.

The constituency loosely covers Lei Cheng Uk Estate in Sham Shui Po with the estimated population of 13,336.

Sham Shui Po District
Sham Shui Po District is one of 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is the second poorest district by income in Hong Kong, with a predominantly working-class population of 405,869 in 2016 and the lowest median household income of all districts. Sham Shui Po has long been home to poorer new immigrants from China. It also saw the birth of public housing in Hong Kong, as the government sought to resettle those displaced by a devastating fire in its slums. Sham Shui Po also hosted a Vietnamese refugee camp during the influx of migration in the aftermath of the Vietnam War in the 1970s.

The district covers the Shek Kip Mei, Sham Shui Po, Cheung Sha Wan, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon Tsai, So Uk, Un Chau, Tai Wo Ping and Yau Yat Chuen areas of New Kowloon, and Stonecutters Island of Kowloon.
Diplomate of National Board
The Diplomate of National Board (DNB) is a postgraduate degree in medicine awarded by the National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS) under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, on completion of three-year training in any of 30 broad specialties. DNB is equivalent to the Master of Medicine (MD), Master of Surgery (MS), Doctor of Medicine (DM), and Master of Chirurgiae (MCh) in all purposes. Doctors who already hold an MD/MS/DM/MCh are eligible to directly appear in the DNB final examination.

Doctorate of National Board (DrNB) is a post MD/MS/DNB post doctoral level super speciality degree awarded by NBE. It is equivalent to Doctorate of Medicine (DM) / Master of Chirurgiae (MCh) degrees awarded respectively in medical and surgical super specialities.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) is a ministry of the Government of India charged with health policy in India. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in India.

The Minister of Health and Family Welfare holds cabinet rank as a member of the Council of Ministers. The current minister is  Jagat Prakash Nadda, while the current Minister of State for Health are Anupriya Patel and Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav.

Since 1955, the Ministry regularly publishes the Indian Pharmacopoeia through the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), an autonomous body for setting standards for drugs, pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and technologies in India.