hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beer in Asia
Beer in Asia began when beer was produced in Sumer, Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq) circa 6000 years ago. It was introduced by Europeans in the 19th century, with modern breweries established in British India, the Dutch East Indies (today Indonesia), China, and Japan. Asia's first modern brewery was established in 1830 in India entirely using European brewing technology.

Today, beer brewing is a growing industry in Asia. China has been the world's largest beer producer since 2001. Asia is the largest beer-producing region in the world since 2009. In 2013, Asian top beer producing countries were China (46.5 million kiloliters), Japan (5.5 million kiloliters), Vietnam (3.1 million kiloliters), Thailand (2.3 million kiloliters), South Korea (2 million kiloliters) and India (1.9 million kiloliters).

Heineken
Heineken Lager Beer (Dutch: Heineken Pilsener), or simply Heineken (pronounced [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), is a Dutch pale lager beer with 5% alcohol by volume, produced by the Dutch brewing company Heineken N.V. It is typically sold in a green bottle with a red star.
Lipótváros Synagogue (Budapest)
The Lipótváros Synagogue was a planned but never realized monumental Jewish synagogue that was to be located on Ignác Nagy Street, in Lipótváros, Budapest, Hungary. It was planned to build the synagogue at the beginning of the 20th century and it would have had a capacity of 3,800 people. In the end, the building was not completed due to financial difficulties.

Lipótváros
Lipótváros (German: Leopoldstadt, English: Leopold Town) is a traditional neighbourhood in the city centre of Budapest, named after King Leopold II. It is one of the two neighbourhoods of District V, the other one being Inner City (Belváros), which is the old town of Pest. Lipótváros was established in the early 19th century, and became the political and financial centre of Hungary in the early 20th century when the Parliament was built on Kossuth Square. Many ministries followed in the later decades. After the 1989 change, Lipótváros gradually again became the business centre of Budapest with many banks and office buildings. The neighbourhood is rich in listed historic buildings and landmarks.
SODRE
The Official Service for Broadcasting, Performances and Entertainment (Spanish: Servicio Oficial de Difusión, Representaciones y Espectáculos; styled Sodre) is a national cultural organization in Uruguay, controlled by the Ministry of Education and Culture.

It was formerly the national broadcaster of Uruguay prior to the separation of Radiodifusión Nacional del Uruguay as a distinct agency in 2015. It is headquartered in 444 Peatonal Sarandí, Ciudad Vieja, Montevideo.

Emisora del Sur
Emisora del Sur ("Station of the South") is a state-owned Uruguayan Spanish-language radio station that broadcasts from Montevideo on 1290 AM and 94.7 FM. It airs primarily musical programming with an emphasis on traditional music.

Some Emisora del Sur programming is aired on the RNU repeater network outside of Montevideo.

In December 2008, Emisora del Sur began broadcasting on 94.7 MHz in Montevideo, after the prior concessionaire Berch Rupenian lost the frequency for his Concierto FM and three other stations in Montevideo and Punta del Este over a series of irregularities. One of the Punta del Este frequencies, 94.3 MHz, was also intended to be transferred to SODRE.
Tapas Sen
Tapas Sen ( 11 September 1924 – 28 June 2006) was a noted Indian stage lighting designer, who was an important figure in 20th-century Indian theatre. He started working with Bengali theatre movement in Kolkata  in the late 1940s, along with noted directors, Utpal Dutt and Shambhu Mitra. Later he became a founding member of the Indian People's Theatre Association's (IPTA), Delhi chapter, and worked closely with Hindi theatre. Through his career stretching five decades he worked theatre directors, Ebrahim Alkazi, Vijay Tendulkar, and also dancers Sadhana Bose, Chandralekha, Birju Maharaj and Kelucharan Mahapatra. He was known not only for his creative stage lighting, but also had a significant impact on the work of leading theatre director of the time.

He was awarded the 1974 Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1974, given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, and Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship in 2004.

Hindi theatre
Hindi theatre is theatre performed in the Hindi language, including dialects such as Braj Bhasha, Khari Boli and Hindustani. Hindi theatre is produced mainly in
North India, and some parts of West India and Central India, which include Mumbai and Bhopal. Hindi theatre has its roots in the traditional folk theatre of North India, like Ram lila and Raslila, and also influenced by distant Sanskrit drama. Starting with Bhartendu Harishchandra in the late 19th century and subsequent playwrights like Jaishankar Prasad, Mohan Rakesh, Hindi theatre came of age in the 1940s and 50s, when IPTA movement created a new brand of theatre practitioners in Hindi speaking areas, especially with IPTA Mumbai, Prithvi Theatres of thespian Prithviraj Kapoor, and theatre artiste Habib Tanvir, paving way for next generation of artists who came out once National School of Drama, Delhi started functioning in 1959.
Lilian Gresham
Lilian Gresham MBE (10 July 1906 — 15 October 1973) was State commissioner for Queensland Girl Guides between 1945 and 1955, and recipient of the Silver Fish Award, Girl Guiding’s highest adult honour.

World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS /wæɡz/) is a global association that supports female-oriented and female-only Guiding and Scouting organizations in 153 countries. It was established in the year 1928 in Parád, Hungary. The organization now has its headquarters located in London, United Kingdom. It is the counterpart of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). WAGGGS is organized into five regions and operates five international Guiding centers. It holds full member status in the European Youth Forum (YFJ), which operates within the Council of Europe and the European Union.
Ángel Víctor Torres
Ángel Víctor Torres Pérez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈaŋxel ˈβiɣtoɾ ˈtores ˈpeɾeθ]; born 30 March 1966) is a Spanish politician currently serving as minister for Territorial Policy and Democratic Memory since 2023 and secretary-general of the Socialist Party of the Canaries (PSC–PSOE) since 2019. Before that, he served as president of the Canary Islands from 2019 to 2023.

President of the Canary Islands
The president of the Canary Islands is the head of government of the Canary Islands, one of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain, while the monarch Felipe VI remains the head of state as king of Spain (and therefore of the Canary Islands).
2449 Kenos
2449 Kenos, provisional designation 1978 GC, is a bright Hungaria asteroid and medium-sized Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by American astronomer William Liller at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile, on 8 April 1978, and named after Kenos from Selknam mythology. A minor-planet moon was discovered around the asteroid on 27 February 2015.

Minor-planet moon
A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that orbits a minor planet as its natural satellite. As of January 2022, there are 457 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the mass and density of the primary, allowing insights into their physical properties that are generally not otherwise accessible.

Several of the moons are quite large compared to their primaries: 90 Antiope, Mors–Somnus and Sila–Nunam (95%), Patroclus–Menoetius, Altjira and Lempo–Hiisi (90%, with Lempo–Paha at 50%). The largest known minor-planet moon in absolute size is Pluto's moon Charon, which has about half the diameter of Pluto.

There are also several known ring systems around distant objects (see: Rings of Chariklo and Chiron).
Ski suit
A ski suit is a suit made to be worn over the rest of the clothes when skiing or snowboarding. Ski suits made for more casual winter wear outdoors may also be called snowsuits and are often used by children as everyday outerwear in the winter season. Some suits are specifically made for snowboarders but most are used by either skiers or snowboarders regardless of the style.

Overalls
Overalls or bib-and-brace overalls, also called dungarees in British English, are a type of garment usually used as protective clothing when working. The garments are commonly referred to as a "pair of overalls" by analogy with "pair of trousers".

Overalls were originally made of denim, but they can also be made of other materials such as corduroy, chino cloth, or leather. Overalls were invented in the mid to late 1890s by Grace Howard and Jacob W. Davis at Levi Strauss & Co., but they went through an evolution to reach their modern form. Initially created to serve as protective clothing during physically demanding work, they have since also become a fashion garment. Many high-fashion brands have released their own spin on overalls. Today, overalls can still be found in some workplaces, while also being worn casually by all kinds of people.
USS Flasher (SSN-613)
USS Flasher (SSN-613), a Permit-class submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the flasher, a member of the fish family Lobotidae, which have an unusual placement of the second dorsal and anal fins, posteriorly located on the body, close to the tail.

USS Flasher (SS-249)
41°21′46″N 72°05′00″W﻿ / ﻿41.3626461°N 72.0834536°W﻿ / 41.3626461; -72.0834536

USS Flasher (SS-249) was a Gato-class submarine which served in the Pacific during World War II. She received the Presidential Unit Citation and six battle stars, and sank 21 ships for a total of 100,231 tons of Japanese shipping, making her one of the most successful American submarines of the War. She was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the flasher.
Rubroshorea scabrida
Rubroshorea scabrida is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae which is native to Borneo and eastern Sumatra.

The species was first described as Shorea scabrida by Colin Fraser Symington in 1935. The specific epithet scabrida means 'rough', referring to the indumentum. In 2022 Peter Shaw Ashton and Jacqueline Heckenhauer placed the species in genus Rubroshorea as R. scabrida.

Rubroshorea
Rubroshorea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It includes 71 species of trees native to Borneo, Caroline Islands, Java, Malaya, Maluku, the Philippines, Sumatra and Thailand.

The genus corresponds to the Red meranti group in the Dipterocarp timber classification system.
Artotina
Artotina (Greek: Αρτοτίνα) is a mountain village in the municipal unit of Vardousia, northwestern Phocis, Greece. It is situated on the western slope of the Vardousia mountains, near the source of the river Evinos, at about 1200 m elevation. Artotina is located 12 km north of Pentagioi and 36 km northwest of Amfissa.

Amfissa
Amphissa (Greek: Άμφισσα [ˈamfisa]) is a town in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipality of Delphi, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 315.174 km2. It lies on the northern edge of the olive forest of the Crissaean plain, between two mountains, Giona to the west and Parnassus to the east, 200 km (120 mi) northwest of Athens and 20 km (12 mi) of Delphi, as well as 85 km (53 mi) northeast of Naupactus and 72 km (45 mi) south of Lamia.

Amphissa dates back to antiquity, with its history spanning around 3,000 years, and has been traditionally the largest and capital city of Phocis. It was the most important city of the ancient Greek tribe of the Ozolian Locrians and one of the most powerful cities in Central Greece. In the Middle Ages, Amphissa came to be known as Salona.  It declined after several foreign conquests and destructions, but emerged as an important city in the region and played a major role during the Greek War of Independence.
Poncione d'Alnasca
The Poncione d'Alnasca is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, located east of Brione in the canton of Ticino. It is located on the range south of the Cima di Gagnone.

The south side consists of a pyramid-shaped and almost vertical rock face.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Norodom Kanviman Norleak Tevi
Norodom Kanviman Norleak Tevi (Khmer: នរោត្តម កានវិមាន នរល័ក្ខទេវី; 1876–1912) was a Cambodian princess, and the spouse of Sisowath Monivong, whom she married in 1894, and had seven children. She died in 1912, 15 years before Sisowath Monivong was crowned king.

Sisowath Monivong
Sisowath Monivong (Khmer: ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស, Sisŏvôtthĕ Mŭnivôngs [ˈsiːsoʋat muˈniːʋɔŋ]; 27 December 1875 – 23 April 1941) was the King of Cambodia from 9 August 1927 until his death in 1941. During his reign, Cambodia was a French protectorate. Monivong was the grandson of the poet-king Ang Duong, grandfather of Norodom Sihanouk and the great-grandfather of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni. His full regnal title and style was Preah Bat Samdech Preah Serey Monivarman Krom Luang Chao Chakrabangsa Sisowath Monivong Ney Preah Reacheanachak Kampuchea (Khmer: ព្រះបាទសម្តេចព្រះសិរីមុនីវរ្ម័នក្រុមហ្លួងចៅចក្របាងស្ស ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស នៃព្រះរាជាណចក្រកម្ពុជា) which can be literally translated from Khmerized Sanskrit as "His majesty, glorious lord scholar-protector; His highness, lord of land and sea, Sisowath Monivong of the Kingdom of Kampuchea". He is the most recent male monarch from the House of Sisowath, as all his successors are members of the House of Norodom.
Kotsifos Gorge
The Kotsifos Gorge (Greek: Φαράγγι Κοτσιφού) is a gorge on the southern side of the western part of the island of Crete. It is situated west of the mountain of Kouroupa, north of the town of Plakias, and on the road between Sellia and Angouseliana. It is noted for the high number of Cretan endemic plant species that grow there.

Kouroupa
Kouroupa (Greek: Κουρούπα) is a mountain in western Crete. Its summit is 984 metres above sea level. To the east of the mountain lies Kourtaliotiko Gorge. The summit, its telecoms masts and chapel are accessed by an unsurfaced road up from Atsipades village on the northern side of the mountain. On the southern side of the mountain are the villages of Asomatos and Mirthios.

35°13′N 24°26′E﻿ / ﻿35.217°N 24.433°E﻿ / 35.217; 24.433
John J. McCloy
John Jay McCloy (March 31, 1895 – March 11, 1989) was an American lawyer, diplomat, banker, and high-ranking bureaucrat. He served as Assistant Secretary of War during World War II under Henry Stimson. In this capacity he dealt with German sabotage and political tensions in the North Africa Campaign. He was the prime mover of Japanese internment, as well as a high-ranking Federal bureaucrat who opposed the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

After the war, he served as the president of the World Bank, U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, chairman of Chase Manhattan Bank, chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations, a member of the Warren Commission, and a prominent adviser to all presidents from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Ronald Reagan. McCloy was one of a group of important foreign policy advisers whose activities are detailed in the 1986 book The Wise Men, by Walter Isaacson and Evan Thomas, who describe McCloy as "the most influential private citizen in the United States".

Thomas A. Schwartz
Thomas Allen Schwartz (born 7 March 1945) is a retired United States Army four-star general who commanded the United States Army Forces Command from 1998 to 1999 and United States Forces Korea from 1999 to 2002.
1908 Auckland Rugby League season
The 1908 season for Auckland consisted of four representative matches played in an effort to grow the game in Auckland and New Zealand. The team was chosen prior to the formation of the Auckland Rugby League so were an ‘unofficial’ Auckland team though they were very strong nonetheless and many of the players went on to represent Auckland and New Zealand in the ensuing years. Several of the players were also strongly involved in the establishment of club sides and the growth of the game in Auckland for many years to come such as Albert Asher, Charles Dunning, William Wynyard, and Ronald MacDonald.

Auckland rugby league team
The Auckland rugby league team is the team which traditionally represents all of the clubs which play in the Auckland Rugby League competition. As well as a senior men's team there are also Auckland representative teams throughout the various age groups such as under 15s, under 17s, under 19s and under 21s.

Under the new zone scheme introduced in 2010 the Auckland team represents the North Shore, East Auckland and West Auckland, while South Auckland is represented by the Counties Manukau rugby league team. The zone team is named the Akarana Falcons.
Shengxun
In classical Chinese philology, shengxun (聲訓; 'voice explanation') or yinxun (音訓; 'sound explanation') is a practice found in Chinese dictionaries where characters are explained by use of a homophone or near-homophone. The practice is ancient, and is present in texts predating the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC). The  ancient Shiming (c. 200 AD) dictionary is notable for using shengxun for most of its definitions, and the highly influential Shuowen Jiezi compiled by Xu Shen c. 100 AD also employs the technique. For example, Xu's explanation of the word 'ghost' (鬼) is:

The words for 'ghost' and 'return' are near-homophones both in Xu's reading and in modern Standard Chinese. A similar explanation of the word can be found in the earlier Erya (c. 3rd century BC). Shengxun can be highly fanciful, and often results in folk etymology. Put another way, the practice points to a notion of 'cognate characters' (同源字), or what Bernhard Karlgren called "word families".

Chinese dictionary
There are two types of dictionaries regularly used in the Chinese language: 'character dictionaries' (字典; zìdiǎn) list individual Chinese characters, and 'word dictionaries' (辞典; 辭典; cídiǎn) list words and phrases. Because tens of thousands of characters have been used in written Chinese, Chinese lexicographers have developed a number of methods to order and sort characters to facilitate more convenient reference.

Chinese dictionaries have been published for over two millennia, beginning in the Han dynasty. This is the longest lexicographical history of any language. In addition to works for standard Chinese, beginning with the 1st-century CE Fangyan dictionaries also been created for the many varieties of Chinese. One of the most influential Chinese dictionaries ever published was the Kangxi Dictionary, finished in 1716 during the Qing dynasty, with the list of 214 Kangxi radicals it popularized are still widely used.
Taylor circle
The Taylor circle is a special circle associated with a triangle. It is named after Henry Martyn Taylor (1842–1927), who discussed it in 1882. However it was already considered by Eugène Charles Catalan in 1879 and first proposed by the French mathematician Eutaris in 1877.

Consider the three feet of the three altitudes of triangle. For each foot of an altitude construct the perpendiculars onto the two other triangles sides. The intersections of those perpendiculars with the triangles sides yield six points and those six points are located on a common circle, the Taylor circle.

The radius of the Taylor circle can be computed by the following formula taking the three angles of a triangle and the radius of its circumcircle:

Circumcircle
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a triangle is a circle that passes through all three vertices. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter of the triangle, and its radius is called the circumradius. The circumcenter is the point of intersection between the three perpendicular bisectors of the triangle's sides, and is a triangle center.

More generally, an n-sided polygon with all its vertices on the same circle, also called the circumscribed circle, is called a cyclic polygon, or in the special case n = 4, a cyclic quadrilateral. All triangles, rectangles, isosceles trapezoids, right kites, and regular polygons are cyclic, but not every polygon is.
Chris Fearne
Christopher Fearne MP (born 12 March 1963) is a Maltese physician and politician. He was appointed Parliamentary Secretary for Health in April 2014 and Minister for Health since April 2016. In July 2017, the Labour Party elected him as Deputy Leader for Parliamentary Affairs, thus assuming the role of Deputy Prime Minister of Malta and Leader of the House.

University of Malta
The University of Malta (Maltese: L-Università ta' Malta; UM; formerly UOM) is a public research university in the towns of Msida and Valletta, Malta. It serves as the flagship and national university of the Republic of Malta.

It offers undergraduate bachelor's degrees, postgraduate master's degrees and postgraduate doctorates. It is a member of the European University Association, the European Access Network, Association of Commonwealth Universities, the Utrecht Network, the Santander Network, the Compostela Group, the European Association for University Lifelong Learning (EUCEN) and the International Student Exchange Programme (ISEP).

In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Melit; a shortened form of Melita (a Latinised form of the Greek Μελίτη).
Cock Tavern Theatre
The Cock Tavern Theatre was a pub theatre located in Kilburn in the north-west of London. The venue specialised in new works and critical revivals. Resident companies Good Night Out Presents and OperaUpClose were also based at the venue. It shut in 2011, due to health and safety problems regarding the Victorian staircases that serviced the theatre.

White Bear Theatre
The White Bear Theatre is a fringe theatre founded in 1988 at the White Bear pub in Kennington, London, and run by Artistic Director and founder Michael Kingsbury. It is one of London's leading pub theatres, as well as one of the longest established, dedicated since inception to both new writing and to its Lost Classics Project, which focuses on productions of obscure historical works.