hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tongue cleaner
A tongue cleaner (also called a tongue scraper or tongue brush) is an oral hygiene device designed to clean the coating on the upper surface of the tongue. While there is tentative benefit from the use of a tongue cleaner it is insufficient to draw clear conclusions regarding bad breath.

The large surface area and lingual papilla are anatomical features of the tongue that promote tongue coating by retaining microorganisms and oral debris consisting of food, saliva and dead epithelial cells. Tongue cleaning is done less often than tooth brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash.

Lingual papillae
Lingual papillae (sg.: papilla, from Latin  lingua 'tongue' and  papilla 'nipple, teat') are small structures on the upper surface of the tongue that give it its characteristic rough texture. The four types of papillae on the human tongue have different structures and are accordingly classified as circumvallate (or vallate), fungiform, filiform, and foliate. All except the filiform papillae are associated with taste buds.
1997 Save Mart Supermarkets 300
The 1997 Save Mart Supermarkets 300 was the ninth stock car race of the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series, the third race of the 1997 NASCAR Winston West Series, and the ninth iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, May 4, 1997, in Sonoma, California, at the Grand Prix layout of Sears Point Raceway, a 2.52 miles (4.06 km) permanent road course layout. The race took the scheduled 74 laps to complete. At race's end, Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would dominate the majority of the race to take his 19th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Jeff Gordon and Terry Labonte, both driving for Hendrick Motorsports, would finish second and third, respectively.

Toyota/Save Mart 350
The Toyota/Save Mart 350 is a 218.9-mile (352.3 km) stock car racing event in the NASCAR Cup Series that has been held annually at Sonoma Raceway at Sears Point in Sonoma, California since 1989.

The race joined the NASCAR circuit in 1989. It was added as a replacement for the Budweiser 400 at Riverside, which closed in 1988. The race has undergone several name and length changes since its inception. The NASCAR "West Series" held a combination race from 1989 to 1997 and has held a standalone race since 2006. Due to the track's unique layout, the race generates annual discussion, with media, fans, and participants both in favor and against racing this event. Due to its unique layout, "road course ringers" are common, a NASCAR term standing for drivers that appear on the NASCAR circuit only for the road course races.

Shane van Gisbergen is the defending winner of the event.
Veterinary Council of India
The Veterinary Council of India (VCI) is a statutory body which regulates veterinary practice in India. Established under the Ministry of Agriculture of the Government of India in 1984, and based in New Delhi, the council is governed by the Indian Veterinary Council Act, 1984. The first members were nominated in 1989. The first elections to the council took place in 1999. Since May 2019 after the creation of Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying the Veterinary Council of India is functional as a statutory body under this ministry.

It derives its funding from grants-in-aid from the Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying of the Ministry of Agriculture.

Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (कृषि एवं किसान कल्याण मन्त्रालय Kr̥ṣi ēvaṁ Kisāna Kalyāṇa Mantrālaya), formerly the Ministry of Agriculture, is a branch of the Government of India and the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules and regulations and laws related to agriculture in India. The three broad areas of scope for the Ministry are agriculture, food processing and co-operation. The agriculture ministry is headed by the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare which is currently held by Shivraj Singh Chouhan. Kailash Choudhary and Shobha Karandlaje are the Ministers of State. Sharad Pawar, serving from 22 May 2004 to 26 May 2014, has held the office of Minister of Agriculture for the longest continuous period till date.
Martinsthorpe
Martinsthorpe is a civil parish in the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England.

The village's name means 'outlying farm/settlement of Martin'.

It is located about four miles (6 km) south of Oakham near the village of Manton. It is the site of a deserted medieval village. Martinsthorpe is the only parish in Rutland to have no population, (although according to the 2001 census, Beaumont Chase also recorded a population of zero). It is one of only eight parishes in England with nil population.

One building remains in the parish; Old Hall Farmhouse, a Grade II listed building, prominent on the ridge. Originally this was part of the service wing of Martinsthorpe Hall, a seat of the Earls of Nottingham. After several decades unoccupied, it has been restored as a holiday let.

An ancient route, perhaps a true ridgeway of the Bronze Age, comes westwards from Stamford and follows the limestone ridge by Edith Weston, Manton and Martinsthorpe, entering Leicestershire near Withcote.

Oakham
Oakham is a market town and civil parish in Rutland (of which it is the county town) in the East Midlands of England. The town is located 25 miles (40 kilometres) east of Leicester, 28 miles (45 km) southeast of Nottingham and 23 miles (37 km) northwest of Peterborough. It had a population of 12,149 in the 2021 census. Oakham is to the west of Rutland Water and in the Vale of Catmose. Its height above sea level ranges from 325 to 400 ft (100 to 120 m).
Vardun Point
Vardun Point (Bulgarian: нос Вардун, ‘Nos Vardun’ \'nos var-'dun\) is the point projecting 1 km into the head of Barilari Bay on Graham Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica, formed by an offshoot of Mitino Buttress.  The point is named after the settlement of Vardun in Northeastern Bulgaria.

Graham Coast
Graham Coast is the portion of the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctic Peninsula, extending 172 km between Cape Bellue to the southwest and Cape Renard to the northeast.

The coast is named after Sir James Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty during the early exploration of the area by John Biscoe.
Lakshmanbhog
The Lakshmanbhog is a mango with very sweet taste, which is grown and harvested in the Indian state of West Bengal. Since 2008, the term Malda Laxman Bhog Mango is a registered geographical indication referring to the product—the Laxmanbhog mango—produced within Malda district. Apart from West Bengal, this mango is cultivated in Bihar and the neighboring country of Bangladesh. Mangoes are almost fibreless and agreeable in flavor; attractive orange yellow in color and very sweet in taste.

In the middle of the mango season, usually June, these mangoes ripen, and are harvested from the trees and marketed. Malda district has about 32,000 hectares of mango orchards. The Government of India and the Government of West Bengal have chosen Lakshmanbhog with Himsagar (Khirsapat) as export varieties along with Alphonso mango.

Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Positive-definite kernel
In operator theory, a branch of mathematics, a positive-definite kernel is a generalization of a positive-definite function or a positive-definite matrix. It was first introduced by James Mercer in the early 20th century, in the context of solving integral operator equations. Since then, positive-definite functions and their various analogues and generalizations have arisen in diverse parts of mathematics. They occur naturally in Fourier analysis, probability theory, operator theory, complex function-theory, moment problems, integral equations, boundary-value problems for partial differential equations, machine learning, embedding problem, information theory, and other areas.

Moment problem
In mathematics, a moment problem arises as the result of trying to invert the mapping that takes a measure  to the sequence of moments

More generally, one may consider

for an arbitrary sequence of functions .
Flavonol 3-sulfotransferase
In enzymology, a flavonol 3-sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + flavonol adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + flavonol 3-sulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and a flavonol, whereas its two products are adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and flavonol 3-sulfate. A specific examples of a flavonol that can act as a substrate is quercetin.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases termed the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfate groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:flavonol 3-sulfotransferase.

Sulfotransferase
In biochemistry, sulfotransferases (SULTs) are transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group (R−SO−3) from a donor molecule to an acceptor alcohol (R−OH) or amine (R−NH2). The most common sulfo group donor is  3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS). In the case of alcohol as acceptor, the product is a sulfate (R−OSO−3):

whereas an amine leads to a sulfamate (R−NH−SO−3):

Both reactive groups for a sulfonation via sulfotransferases may be part of a protein, lipid, carbohydrate or steroid.
F. R. Leighton Crawford
Francis Riou Leighton Crawford (5 August 1886 – 5 January 1954) was a British tennis player

Born in Ceylon, Crawford was the eldest son of civil servant Henry Leighton Crawford, who served as Controller of Revenue in the Ceylon Civil Service. His younger brother, mountaineer Colin Grant Crawford, was a member of both the 1922 and 1933 Mount Everest expeditions.

Crawford won the Wimbledon Plate in 1919 and was a two-time Wimbledon doubles quarter-finalist. In 1922 he beat Major Ritchie in the final of the Sussex Championships. He was the single champion at Monte Carlo in 1924.

As a member of the Indian Police, Crawford was eligible to compete for India in Davis Cup competition and in 1922 was offered a place on the team, which he turned down.

Major Ritchie
Major Josiah George Ritchie (18 October 1870 – 28 February 1955) was a tennis player from Great Britain. Major was his first name, not a military title. He was born in Westminster, educated at Brighton College and died in Ashford, Middlesex.
USS YP-346
USS YP-346 was a  yard patrol boat in the U.S. Navy during World War II. The vessel began its career as the fishing vessel Prospect in 1938. Seized by the U.S. Navy in 1941 after the Attack on Pearl Harbor, it ferried supplies throughout the Pacific theater and was involved in the Guadalcanal campaign. The ship was destroyed by the Japanese light cruiser Sendai after its convoy was intercepted while returning to Tulagi harbor.

Yard patrol boat
Yard Patrol craft are used by the United States Navy for training and for research purposes. They are designated as YP in the hull classification symbol system. They were nicknamed "Yippy boats" after the "YP" classification symbol.
1994 Campionati Internazionali di San Marino
The 1994 Campionati Internazionali di San Marino was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Centro Tennis Cassa di Risparmio di Fonte dell'Ovo in the City of San Marino in San Marino and was part of the World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 8 August until 14 August 1994. Second-seeded Carlos Costa, who entered the main draw on a wildcard, won the singles title.

1994 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Douentza Cercle
Douentza Cercle  is an administrative subdivision of the Mopti Region of Mali. The administrative center (chef-lieu) is the town of Douentza.

During the Tuareg rebellion of 2012, it was the southernmost part of the state of Azawad, according to the April 2012 MNLA's territorial claim. From June 2012, it was claimed by a series of rival Islamist and local militias.

The route of the annual circular migration of the Gourma elephants crosses a number of communes in the cercles of Douentza and  Gourma-Rharous (Tombouctou Region).

The cercle is divided into 15 communes:

Mopti Region
Mopti (Fulfulde: 𞤁𞤭𞥅𞤱𞤢𞤤 𞤃𞤮𞥅𞤩𞤼𞤭𞥅, transliterated Diiwal Moobti) is the fifth administrative region of Mali, covering 79,017 km2.  Its capital is the city of Mopti. During the 2012 Northern Mali conflict, the frontier between Southern Mali which is controlled by the central government and the rebel-held North ran through Mopti Region.
25th Locarno Film Festival
The 25th Locarno Film Festival was held from 3 to 13 August 1972 in Locarno, Switzerland. Moritz de Hadeln took over as artistic director of the festival with his wife Erica Hadeln. Egon Gunther served on the jury and as a result his new film Her Third was screened out-of competition. Critic were happy with the festival's awards while also highlighting Family Life directed by Ken Loach and Fritz the Cat directed by Ralph Bakshi as stand outs.

Some noteworthy attendees included Douglas Sirk, American director Dick Richards and the head of Nemo films, This Brunner, who would later work with Sirk on his foundation.

The festival awarded its top prize, the Golden Leopard, to Bleak Moments directed by Mike Leigh. A new special prize celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the festival went to the Syrian film Al Fahd [The Leopard] directed by Nabil Maleh.

Moritz de Hadeln
Moritz de Hadeln (born 21 December 1940 in Exeter, Devon, England) is a Swiss documentary film director and photographer, who became a  Film Festival director. He was the founder of Swiss documentary film festival Visions du Réel. He also headed the Locarno International Film Festival from 1972 to 1977, the Berlin International Film Festival from 1980 to 2001 and the Venice International Film Festival in 2002 and 2003. He was also a member of the jury at the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival.
2014 Latrobe City Traralgon ATP Challenger 2
The 2014 Latrobe City Traralgon ATP Challenger 2 was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard court. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Traralgon, Australia between 3 – 9 November 2014. It was the second of two Traralgon Challengers in 2014.

Traralgon International
The Traralgon International (formerly known as Traralgon Challenger) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and the ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It is held annually in Traralgon, Victoria in Australia since 2006.

From 2006 to 2012, the tournament was held as an ITF women's event. From 2013 to 2019 the tournament was held as an ATP Challenger event. In 2022, the tournament held both women's and men's events.

The 2014 Traralgon hosted two Challenger events, back to back from October 27 to November 9.
World Scrabble Championship 2003
The World Scrabble Championship 2003 was held in the Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The winner was Panupol Sujjayakorn of Thailand.

The format was notably different from previous WSCs. The tournament began with the Australian Draw system, with each player playing sixteen games over two days. On the third day the players played eight games in a King Of the Hill format. After this, the top two players competed in a best-of-five final to decide who would be the seventh World Scrabble Champion.

Prize money started at $17,500 for the winner, with all the top twenty players receiving prizes down to $200.

World Scrabble Championship
The World Scrabble Championship (WSC) is played to determine the world champion in competitive English-language Scrabble. It was held in every odd year from 1991 to 2013; from 2013 onwards, it became an annual event.

The most successful player in world championship history is Nigel Richards from New Zealand, who won a record five titles between 2007 and 2019.
Britannia Secunda
Britannia Secunda or Britannia II (Latin for "Second Britain") was one of the provinces of the Diocese of "the Britains" created during the Diocletian Reforms at the end of the 3rd century. It was probably created after the defeat of the usurper Allectus by Constantius Chlorus in AD 296 and was mentioned in the c. 312 Verona List of the Roman provinces. Its position and capital remain uncertain, although it probably lay further from Rome than Britannia I. At present, most scholars place Britannia II in Yorkshire and northern England. If so, its capital would have been Eboracum (York).

Notitia Dignitatum
The Notitia dignitatum et administrationum omnium tam civilium quam militarium (Latin for 'List of all dignities and administrations both civil and military') is a document of the Late Roman Empire that details the administrative organization of the Western and the Eastern Roman Empire. It is unique as one of very few surviving documents of Roman government, and describes several thousand offices from the imperial court to provincial governments, diplomatic missions, and army units. It is usually considered to be accurate for the Western Roman Empire in the 420s and for the Eastern or Byzantine Empire in the 390s. However, the text itself is not dated (nor is its author named), and omissions complicate attempts to ascertain its date from its content.
Body composition
In physical fitness, body composition refers to quantifying the different components (or "compartments") of a human body. The selection of compartments varies by model but may include fat, bone, water, and muscle. Two people of the same gender, height, and body weight may have completely different body types as a consequence of having different body compositions. This may be explained by a person having low or high body fat, dense muscles, or big bones.

Calipers
Calipers or callipers are an instrument used to measure the linear dimensions of an object or hole; namely, the length, width, thickness, diameter or depth of an object or hole. The word caliper comes from a corrupt form of caliber.

Many types of calipers permit reading out a measurement on a ruled scale, a dial, or an electronic digital display. A common association is to calipers using a sliding vernier scale.

Some calipers can be as simple as a compass with inward or outward-facing points, but with no scale (measurement indication). The tips of the caliper are adjusted to fit across the points to be measured, and then kept at that span while moved to separate measuring device, such as a ruler, or simply transferred directly to a workpiece.

Calipers are used in many fields such as mechanical engineering, metalworking, forestry, woodworking, science and medicine.
Macleay Valley Bridge
The Macleay Valley Bridge is a road bridge over the Macleay River and its floodplain near the settlement of Frederickton, New South Wales, Australia. The bridge is part of the Pacific Highway (A1) new alignment which bypasses Kempsey and Frederickton. At the time of its official opening in 2013, the bridge was the longest road bridge in Australia.

Pacific Highway (Australia)
The Pacific Highway is a national highway and major transport route of 790 kilometres (490 mi) along the east coast of Australia from Sydney to Brisbane. It is an integral part of Highway 1 which circumnavigates the Australian continent.  At its inception, the highway was a single carriageway between Sydney and Brisbane. In Australian culture and as a tourist drive, it remains so. Over time, segments of the highway have been upgraded, realigned, or renamed. Between 1996 and 2020, sections of the highway were upgraded to controlled-access highway (motorway) standards.
Terry carbine
The Wilkinson Terry carbine is a semi-automatic, blow-back operated, carbine chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum.  It was manufactured by Wilkinson Arms from 1970 to 1998.  It featured a cone-shaped flash hider and either wood or synthetic furniture.  After the designer, Ray Wilkinson, died, a new company, Northwest Arms, produced the carbine from 2000 to 2005.  Some of the Northwest Arms carbines were marked Linda instead of Terry.  An updated version of the carbine is now manufactured as the LE-3 carbine. Most 21st century production versions feature a barrel shroud that runs from the barrel nut to the muzzle.

In 2015, Patrick McFarland purchased the Linda tooling, parts and rights and resurrected the company under the original name, Wilkinson Arms, to honor the original inventor.

Carbine
A carbine (/ˈkɑːrbiːn/ KAR-been or /ˈkɑːrbaɪn/ KAR-byn) is a long gun that has a barrel shortened from its original length. Most modern carbines are rifles that are compact versions of a longer rifle or are rifles chambered for less powerful cartridges.

The smaller size and lighter weight of carbines make them easier to handle. They are typically issued to high-mobility troops such as special operations soldiers and paratroopers, as well as to mounted, artillery, logistics, or other non-infantry personnel whose roles do not require full-sized rifles, although there is a growing tendency for carbines to be issued to front-line soldiers to offset the increasing weight of other issued equipment. An example of this is the M4 carbine, the standard issue carbine of the United States Armed Forces.
2017 MAC women's basketball tournament
The 2017 Mid-American Conference women's basketball tournament was a post-season basketball tournament for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) 2016–17 college basketball season. Tournament first round games were held on campus sites at the higher seed on March 6. The remaining rounds were held at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland between March 8–11. Toledo won their 8th MAC Women's Tournament and received the conference's automatic bid into the 2017 NCAA tournament. Mikaela Boyd of Toledo was the MVP.

2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament was played from Friday, March 17 to Sunday, April 2, 2017, with the Final Four played at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas on March 31 and April 2. This was the first time that the women's Final Four was played in Dallas and the first time since 2002 that the Final Four games were played on Friday and Sunday, rather than Sunday and Tuesday. South Carolina defeated Mississippi State to win the championship.

Tennessee continued its record streak of making every NCAA women's basketball tournament at 36 consecutive appearances. UConn also continued its record streak of 10 consecutive Final Four appearances.