hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ten Years' War (Franche-Comté)
The Ten Years' War (1634–1644) was a European Conflict fought between the Franco-Swedish Army and the Burgundian-Allied Army, and was one of the most destructive wars to involve the County of Burgundy—270,000 Burgundian civilians and tens of thousands of military personnel died.  The war is also related to the Thirty Years' War, of which it formed part, Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659), and the reconqest of Lorraine by Duke Charles IV.

Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Portuguese: Filipe III; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War.

By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area, the largest empire in the world, but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV as King of Portugal.
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (abbreviated as UPPP or UP3) is a type of sleep surgery, which are surgical procedures for sleep-related breathing disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty involves removal and/or remodeling of tissues in the throat in order to prevent obstruction of the airway during sleep. Tissues which may typically be removed include the paryngeal tonsils and the adenoid tonsil. Tissues which may typically be remodeled include the uvula (see uvulotomy), the soft palate, and parts of the pharynx. UPPP is the most common surgical procedure performed for OSA.

Adenoid
The adenoid, also known as the  pharyngeal tonsil, or nasopharyngeal tonsil is the superior-most of the tonsils. It is a mass of lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal cavity, in the roof and the posterior wall of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat. In children, it normally forms a soft mound in the roof and back wall of the nasopharynx, just above and behind the uvula.

The term adenoid is also used in anatomy to represent adenoid hypertrophy, the abnormal growth of the pharyngeal tonsils.
Cryosophila
Cryosophila is a genus of medium-sized fan palms that range from central Mexico to northern Colombia. Species in the genus can be readily distinguished from related genera by their distinctive downward-pointing spines on the stem, which are actually modified roots. They are known as the "root spine palms".

Cryosophila williamsii
Cryosophila williamsii, also known as Lago Yojoa palm or root-spine palm is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in Honduras. It is threatened by habitat loss. Cryosophila williamsii is named in honor of prominent botanist Louis Otho Williams.

The IUCN classified this plant as Critically Endangered, and it is assumed there are 200-270 mature individuals in the wild.

Threats to this species include climate change and selective harvesting for ornamental purposes. The species' habitat has been largely converted to agriculture.
Iris lineata
Iris lineata  is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris, and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Turkestan, between Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has tall slender stems, long leaves and greenish yellow flowers covered, with brown violet, or brown purple veining over the top. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

The often-segregated, monotypic genera Belamcanda (blackberry lily, I. domestica), Hermodactylus (snake's head iris, I. tuberosa), and Pardanthopsis (vesper iris, I. dichotoma) are currently included in Iris.

Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1676
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1676, adopted unanimously on May 10, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Somalia, particularly resolutions 733 (1992), 1519 (2003), 1558 (2004), 1587 (2005) and 1630 (2006), the Council re-established a group to monitor the arms embargo against the country for a further six months.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1630
United Nations Security Council resolution 1630, adopted unanimously on 14 October 2005, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Somalia, particularly resolutions 733 (1992), 1519 (2003), 1558 (2004) and 1587 (2005), the council re-established a group to monitor the arms embargo against the country for a further six months and condemned the increase in flow of weapons to the country in violation of the embargo.

Less than a day after the condemnation from the security council, illicit weapons continued to flow into Somalia.
1910 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 1910 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia during the 1910 college football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 6–2–1 record. The team started with two tune-up games that Georgia won by a combined score of 180–0. The Bulldogs notched victories over Alabama and Georgia Tech, ending a five-game losing streak to Tech. Georgia did lose to rival Auburn, but the first season under new head coach W. A. Cunningham was certainly an improvement over prior years.

The 1910 season marked the debut of more than a new coach, it also marked the debut of Bob McWhorter, one of the most notable players in Georgia history. McWhorter was a four-year letterman, lettering first in 1910.  He played halfback.

1910 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
The 1910 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia School of Technology (now known as Georgia Institute of Technology or just Georgia Tech) as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) during the 1910 college football season. Led by John Heisman in his seventh season as head coach, the Yellow Jackets compiled an overall record of 5–3 with a mark of 3–3 in conference play.
Tiarella stolonifera
Tiarella stolonifera is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae. The specific name stolonifera means "spreading by stolons", an important characteristic of this species (not to be confused with Tiarella austrina, which also spreads by stolons). Known as the creeping foamflower, it has the widest range of any species of Tiarella in eastern North America.

Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage.
Saxicola
Saxicola (Latin: saxum, rock + incola, dwelling in), the stonechats or chats, is a genus of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World. They are insectivores occurring in open scrubland and grassland with scattered small shrubs. The genus contains 18 species, of which four are prehistoric.

Buff-streaked chat
The buff-streaked chat or buff-streaked bushchat (Campicoloides bifasciatus) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is found in Lesotho, South Africa, and Eswatini.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
Durant Democrat
The Durant Democrat is a weekly newspaper located in the city of Durant, Oklahoma. The Durant Daily Democrat serves all of Bryan County and parts of other South Central Oklahoma counties. The Circulation is 7,000 Daily

Bryan County, Oklahoma
Bryan County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,067. Its county seat is Durant. It is the only county in the United States named for Democratic politician William Jennings Bryan.

Bryan County comprises the Durant, OK micropolitan statistical area, which is part of the Dallas-Fort Worth and the Texoma region, TX-OK combined statistical area. The city of Durant has the headquarters of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma.

Bryan County consists of 10 Townships: Albany, Bennington, Bokchito, Brown, Caddo, Calera, Colbert, Kemp, Matoy, and Speairs.
KWAD
KWAD (920 AM, "Classic Hit Country") is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. Licensed to Wadena, Minnesota, United States, the station serves the Wadena area. The station is owned by Hubbard Broadcasting, Inc. (through licensee HBI Radio Brainerd/Wadena, LLC) and features programming from Westwood One. The KWAD signal is rebroadcast in the FM band on 101.7 MHz by co-owned Translator Station K269HE.

Hubbard Broadcasting announced on November 13, 2014, that it would purchase the Omni Broadcasting stations, including KWAD. The sale was completed on February 27, 2015, at a purchase price of $8 million for the 16 stations and one translator.

Hubbard Broadcasting
Hubbard Broadcasting, Inc. is an American television and radio broadcasting corporation based in St. Paul, Minnesota. It was founded by Stanley E. Hubbard.

The corporation has broadcast outlets scattered across Minnesota, Wisconsin, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, New York, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Washington, Florida, and Washington, D.C. KSTP radio, KSTP-FM, KTMY, KSTP-TV, and KSTC-TV, which serve the Twin Cities region of Minnesota and western Wisconsin, are regarded as the company's legacy flagship stations.
Busby, Alberta
Busby is a small hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within Westlock County. It is located on Highway 651, approximately 52 kilometres (32 mi) northwest of Edmonton and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of Highway 2.

Westlock County
Westlock County is a municipal district in central Alberta, Canada that is north of Edmonton. The county was formerly known as the Municipal District of Westlock No. 92, and was created in 1943 from the merger of five smaller municipal districts.
Above Diamond
Above Diamond, also known by the abbreviation AD,  is a giant sequoia located within the Atwell Mill Grove of Sequoia National Park, California. Naturalists Dennis Coggins, Wendell D. Flint, and Michael M. Law named the tree "Above Diamond" after Diamond, a giant sequoia located just downhill from the tree. It is the second largest tree in Atwell Mill Grove, the 24th largest giant sequoia in the world, and could be considered the 23rd largest depending on how badly Ishi Giant atrophied during the Rough Fire in 2015.

Ishi Giant
Ishi Giant is a giant sequoia in California, United States. It is located in Kennedy Grove, which is part of a group of eight closely spaced giant sequoia groves situated in Sequoia National Forest in the Sierra Nevada in eastern central California. It was the 14th largest giant sequoia in the world before it atrophied during the Rough Fire in 2015.
Caridad de la Luz
Caridad de la Luz (born January 21, 1977), a.k.a. "La Bruja" (The "Good" Witch), is a Nuyorican (a New York-born Puerto Rican) poet, playwright, actress and activist. She is considered one of the leading spoken word poets in the world. In 2005, El Diario La Prensa, the largest Spanish-language newspaper in New York City, named De la Luz as one of the "Fifty Most Distinguished Latinas in the United States".

Puerto Rican Traveling Theater
The Puerto Rican Traveling Theater is a theater company based at the 47th Street Theater in New York City.  It was founded as El Nuevo Círculo Dramatico (The New Drama Circuit) by Míriam Colón and Roberto Rodríguez.

It was one of the first Puerto Rican theater companies to be founded and is credited with kickstarting the Hispanic and Puerto Rican theater scene in New York. The first production by the company was La Carreta (The Oxcart) in 1953, written by René Marqués and directed by founder Roberto Rodríguez. Although the success of El Nuevo Círculo Dramatico was short, the spirit of the company lived on when Colón went on to found the Puerto Rican Traveling Theater Company.
Raghubar Das ministry
This is a list of minister from Raghubar Das cabinets starting from 28 December 2014. Raghubar Das is a politician belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party, and was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Jharkhand on 28 December 2014.

On 28 December 2014, Nilkanth Singh Munda, Chandreshwar Prasad Singh, Dr. Louis Marandi of BJP and Chandra Prakash Choudhary of All Jharkhand Students Union were sworn in as cabinet ministers along with Raghubar Das as Chief Ministers. Das became the 10th and first non-tribal Chief Ministers of Jharkhand.

Nilkanth Singh Munda
Nilkanth Singh Munda (born 1968) is an Indian political leader and a 5th term MLA from Khunti constituency. He was a Minister of Parliamentary Affairs and Rural Development in the Government of Jharkhand. He is one of the chief Bharatiya Janata Party leaders in the state.
Roberto Cingolani
Roberto Cingolani (born 23 December 1961) is an Italian physicist, academic and manager who served as Minister for Ecological Transition in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mario Draghi from 2021 to 2022.
On May 10, 2023, the Board of Directors of  Leonardo appointed Cingolani to the position of Chief Executive Officer and General Manager.

Minister of the Environment (Italy)
This is a list of ministers of the environment, a senior member of the Italian government who leads the Ministry of the Ecological Transition. The list shows also the ministers that served under the same office but with other names, in fact this Ministry has changed name many times: the current title is Minister of the Environment and Energy Security.

The current office holder is Gilberto Pichetto Fratin, a member of Forza Italia, who is serving in the government of Giorgia Meloni since 22 October 2022.
Alkemstone
Alkemstone is a puzzle video game published by Level-10 (a division of Dakin 5) for the Apple II in 1981. It is a puzzle in a dungeon which the character explores to determine the location of the Alkemstone.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Miss Venezuela 1989
Miss Venezuela 1989 was the 36th Miss Venezuela pageant, was held in Caracas, Venezuela on February 16, 1989, after weeks of events.  The winner of the pageant was Eva Lisa Ljung, Miss Lara.

The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas, for the first time since 1975. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, outgoing titleholder Yajaira Vera, crowned Eva Lisa Ljung of Lara as the new Miss Venezuela. It was the first edition to use CGI effects for the opening credit sequence, a trend that was pioneered from the 1985 pageant onward.

The return to the Poliedro was marked with one of the biggest opening numbers yet in pageant history - a Broadway-themed opening with past pageant alumni (Elluz Peraza, Raquel Lares, Viviana Gibelli, 1986 runner-up Maite Delgado, 1988 winner Yajaira Vera and 1988 runner-up Emma Rabbe) and those who took part in every pageant of the 80s joining the 28 entrants.

Zulia
Zulia State (Spanish: Estado Zulia, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈsulja]; Wayuu: Mma’ipakat Suuria) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Maracaibo. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 3,704,404, making it the most populous state in the country. Zulia is also notable for being one of the few states in Venezuela where voseo—the use of vos as the second-person singular pronoun—is widespread. The state is coterminous with the eponymous region of Zulia.

Zulia is located in northwestern Venezuela, bordering Lake Maracaibo, the largest body of its kind in Latin America. The lake's basin holds some of the largest oil and gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere.

Zulia is economically significant due to its oil and mineral exploitation, but it is also one of Venezuela's major agricultural regions. The state contributes notably in livestock, bananas, fruits, meat, and milk.
Drake–Northern Iowa rivalry
The Drake–Northern Iowa rivalry is the American collegiate athletics rivalry between the Bulldogs sports teams of Drake University and the Panthers sports teams of the University of Northern Iowa.

Both universities are located in the State of Iowa and are members of the Missouri Valley Conference. Drake's campus located in Des Moines and Northern Iowa's campus located in Cedar Falls are only 108 miles apart. The universities are two of the Big Four (NCAA Division I institutions in Iowa) schools, along with the University of Iowa and Iowa State University.

Drake Bulldogs
The Drake Bulldogs  are the intercollegiate athletics teams that represent Drake University, located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The Bulldogs' athletic program is a member of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC)  and competes at the NCAA Division I level. Drake also sponsors teams in the Pioneer Football League, Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference, and Summit League. Drake's live bulldog mascot is Griff II; the costumed mascot is Spike; and the school colors are blue and white.
Ghetto Street Funk
Ghetto Street Funk is the debut studio album by American hip hop trio Parental Advisory. It was released on November 9, 1993, via MCA Records. The recording sessions took place at Bosstown Recording Studios, Studio LaCoCo, and Doppler Studios, in Atlanta. The album was produced by Organized Noize, DJ Toomp, and P.A., with Pebbles serving as executive producer. The album spawned two singles: "Maniac" and "Ghetto Head Hunta". It is also contains a remix of the song "Lifeline", which originally appeared on CB4 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack).

CB4 (soundtrack)
CB4 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the official soundtrack to the 1993 comedy film of the same name. It was released on March 2, 1993, through MCA Records. The album has peaked at #41 on the Billboard 200 and #13 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The album is composed of twelve R&B and hip hop tracks from various artists and producers. It spawned a Blackstreet-performed single "Baby Be Mine", which peaked at #17 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Three songs on the album were credited to the fictional CB4 group from the movie, the trio consisted of Chris Rock and rappers Daddy-O & Hi-C.
Żarnowiec Elektrownia Jądrowa railway station
Żarnowiec Elektrownia Jądrowa is a dismantled former PKP railway station intended to serve the never-completed Żarnowiec Nuclear Power Plant. It lies at one end of a dismantled branch line from Rybno Kaszubskie. It is situated in Kartoszyno near Żarnowiec (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Rybno Kaszubskie railway station
Rybno Kaszubskie is a non-operational PKP railway station on the disused PKP rail line 230 in Rybno Kaszubskie (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland. It is also one end of a dismantled branch line serving the Żarnowiec pumped storage power station power station and the never-completed Żarnowiec Nuclear Power Plant.
Global Hands-On Universe
Global Hands-On Universe (GHOU) is an educational program that enables students to investigate the Universe while applying tools and concepts from science, math, and technology. Using the Internet, GHOU participants request observations from an automated telescope, download images from an image archive, and analyze them with the help of image processing software.

Pierre and Marie Curie University
Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie [ynivɛʁsite pjɛʁ e maʁi kyʁi], UPMC), also known as Paris VI, was a public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussieu Campus in the Latin Quarter of the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. UPMC merged with Paris-Sorbonne University into the new Sorbonne University in 2017.
Gmina Tymbark
Gmina Tymbark is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Limanowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Tymbark, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Limanowa and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 32.7 square kilometres (12.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,243.

Limanowa County
Limanowa County (Polish: powiat limanowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Limanowa, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków. The only other town in the county is Mszana Dolna, lying 27 km (17 mi) west of Limanowa.The county is divided between Gorals in the territories of gmina Mszana Dolna and gmina Niedziewiedź and Lachs in the rest of the territory.

The county covers an area of 951.96 square kilometres (367.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 121,804, out of which the population of Limanowa is 15,157, that of Mszana Dolna is 7,944, and the rural population is 108,628.
Ner, Łódź Voivodeship
Ner [nɛr] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 1 km (1 mi) north-west of Wartkowice, 11 km (7 mi) north of Poddębice, and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wartkowice
Wartkowice [vartkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of Poddębice and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.
The Price of Growing Up
The Price of Growing Up (生命之旅) is a TVB television series, premiered in 1987. Its theme song, "The Infinite Journey" (無限旅程) was composed and arranged by Joseph Koo, with lyrics by Wong Jim, and sung by Kenny Bee. The sub theme song, "Still My Heart Was Thinking About You" (仍然心在想你) was also composed and arranged by Joseph Koo, with lyrics by Wong Jim, and sung by Kenny Bee and Cally Kwong.

Kenny Bee
Chung Chun-to (born 23 February 1953), also known as Kenny Bee, is a Hong Kong singer and actor. He rose to fame as the frontman of the Wynners, with whom he won the Golden Needle Award, the highest honor in Hong Kong music, in 1989. He received the award again in 2016 as a solo artist.
University of Illinois College of Law
The University of Illinois College of Law at Urbana-Champaign is the law school of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, a public land-grant research university in Champaign and Urbana, Illinois. It was established in 1897 and offers the Juris Doctor, Master of Laws, and Doctor of Juridical Science degrees. The law school is located on the south end of the main University of Illinois campus in Champaign, near Memorial Stadium and the State Farm Center.

Grading in education
Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as numbers out of a possible total (often out of 100). The exact system that is used varies worldwide.