hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thwaites, Cumbria
Thwaites is a small village near Duddon Valley and on the edge of the Duddon Estuary in the Lake District National Park in the district of Cumberland (unitary authority), Cumbria, England. The River Duddon flows through the valley, rising in the mountains between Eskdale and Langdale, before flowing into the Irish Sea near Broughton in Furness. In its lower reaches it is bounded by the Furness Fells and Harter Fell.

Thwaites has an impressive sized church for the small population — the neighbouring villages of The Green, Broad Gate, Hallthwaites and Lady Hall all use St Anne's Church.

Close by along the Duddon Valley are steep roads leading over the Hardknott Pass to Eskdale and east over the Wrynose Pass to the Langdale valleys. A less steep pass to Eskdale over Birker Fell leaves the Duddon Valley at Ulpha, with extensive views of the Scafell range. There is also the Corney Fell Road from Duddon Bridge or Broad Gate over to Waberthwaite and Broad Oak near Muncaster Castle.

Birker Fell
Birker Fell, also known as Birker Moor, is an upland wilderness area in the western portion of the Lake District National Park, in Cumbria, England. Rather than being formed of one single high peak, the fell is a broad, undulating area, approximately 6 km square, with numerous crags and prominences scattered across its area. The highest point of the fell is at Green Crag (489m, grid reference SD200983). The fell is bordered by the Duddon Valley to the south-east, Ulpha Fell to the south-west, Harter Fell to the north-east, and Eskdale to the north-west.

One small hamlet, Birkerthwaite (grid reference SD179982), lies in a shallow valley near the centre of the fell, but other than this the only human habitations are scattered hill farms. A road crosses the fell between Eskdale Green and Ulpha, in the Duddon Valley.
2024 24 Hours of Spa
The 2024 24 Hours of Spa (also known as the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa, and as the Spa Centenary) was the 77th running of the Spa 24 Hours and its centenary anniversary edition. The race took place from 29 to 30 June 2024. The race is part of both the 2024 GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup and the 2024 Intercontinental GT Challenge.

2024 Intercontinental GT Challenge
The 2024 Intercontinental GT Challenge was the ninth season of the Intercontinental GT Challenge. It consisted of four rounds starting with the Bathurst 12 Hour on 18 February with the finale at Indianapolis 8 Hour on 6 October.
Vela Cunca (Puno)
Vela Cunca (possibly from Aymara wila red, kunka throat, "red throat") is a mountain in the Carabaya mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,350 metres (17,552 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, on the border of the districts Macusani and Ollachea. Vela Cunca lies northwest of the mountain Allincapac.

Cordillera Carabaya
The Cordillera Carabaya (Spanish for "Carabaya mountain range") lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°00' and 14°22'S and 69°38' and 70°19'W for about 75 km. It is located in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, between the Vilcanota mountain range in the north-west and the Apolobamba mountain range in the south-east, north and north-east of Macusani.
Garumbatitan
Garumbatitan (meaning "Garumba giant") is an extinct genus of somphospondylan sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Arcillas de Morella Formation of Spain. The genus contains a single species, G. morellensis, known from multiple partial skeletons.

Somphospondyli
Somphospondyli is an extinct clade of titanosauriform sauropods that lived from the Late Jurassic until the end of the Late Cretaceous, comprising all titanosauriforms more closely related to Titanosauria proper than Brachiosauridae. The remains of somphospondylans have been discovered on all continents.
Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly
Claude Frederic t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly (July 1648 – April 1723) was a Dutch States Army officer and nobleman. He took part in the Franco-Dutch War, Nine Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession and proved a brave and capable cavalry general. In 1708 he became the de facto supreme commander of the Dutch army, and led the Allied forces together with the Duke of Marlborough and Eugene of Savoy.

Orangism (Dutch Republic)
In the history of the Dutch Republic, Orangism or prinsgezindheid ("pro-prince stance") was a political force opposing the Staatsgezinde (pro-Republic) party. Orangists supported the Princes of Orange as Stadtholders (a position held by members of the House of Orange) and military commanders of the Republic, as a check on the power of the regenten.: 12  The Orangist party drew its adherents largely from traditionalists – mostly farmers, soldiers, noblemen and orthodox Protestant preachers, though its support fluctuated heavily over the course of the Republic's history and there were never clear-cut socioeconomic divisions.: 13
2022 Azerbaijan Grand Prix
The 2022 Azerbaijan Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix 2022) was the eighth round of the 2022 Formula One World Championship at the Baku City Circuit in Baku on 12 June 2022. The 51-lap race was won by Max Verstappen. Charles Leclerc, who was second in the championship standings prior to the race, retired on lap 21 due to power unit issues, and fell to third in the standings behind Sergio Pérez. With the win, Verstappen extended his lead to 21 points.

Racing flags
Racing flags are traditionally used in auto racing and similar motorsports to indicate track conditions and to communicate important messages to drivers. Typically, the starter, sometimes the grand marshal of a race, waves the flags atop a flag stand near the start-finish line. Track marshals are also stationed at observation posts along the race track in order to communicate both local and course-wide conditions to drivers.  Alternatively, some race tracks employ lights to supplement the primary flag at the start-finish line.
Hailun Road station
Hailun Road (simplified Chinese: 海伦路; traditional Chinese: 海倫路; pinyin: Hǎilún Lù) is an interchange station between Lines 4 and 10 of the Shanghai Metro, and is located in the city's Hongkou District. Service began on Line 4 on 31 December 2005, while the interchange with Line 10 opened on 10 April 2010 as part of that line's initial section between Xinjiangwancheng and Hangzhong Road. Towards anti-clockwise on Line 4, this is the last station before sharing with Line 3.

Line 10 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 10 is a southwest–northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network that opened for service on April 10, 2010. The line runs from Jilong Road to Hongqiao Railway Station, with a branch line from Longxi Road to Hangzhong Road. It has been given the unofficial nickname “Golden Line” as it links many of the city's tourist attractions like Yuyuan and Xintiandi. It connects the Hongqiao International Airport with the downtown core of Shanghai, and also the dense residential districts of Yangpu and Hongkou. It is the only line in the system with numbered station codes. It is the first high-density and high-volume fully automatic subway line in mainland China, operating with GoA4 unattended train operation. The line is colored lilac on system maps.
Bajcaridris
Bajcaridris is a genus of ants in the subfamily Formicinae. Its three species are known from northern Africa. B. theryi inhabits the meadows of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, and B. kraussii and B. menozzii inhabit the wadis of the northern Sahara in Algeria.

Formicinae
The Formicinae are a subfamily within the Formicidae family containing ants of moderate evolutionary development.

Formicines retain some primitive features, such as the presence of cocoons around pupae, the presence of ocelli in workers, and little tendency toward reduction of palp or antennal segmentation in most species, except subterranean groups. Extreme modification of mandibles is rare, except in the genera Myrmoteras and Polyergus. However, some members show considerable evolutionary advancement in behaviors such as slave-making and symbiosis with root-feeding hemipterans. Finally, all formicines have very reduced stings and enlarged venom reservoirs, with the venom gland, specialized (uniquely among ants) for the production of formic acid.

All members of the Formicinae "have a one-segmented petiole in the form of a vertical scale".
Gosper curve
The Gosper curve, named after Bill Gosper, also known as the Peano-Gosper Curve and the flowsnake (a spoonerism of snowflake), is a space-filling curve whose limit set is rep-7.  It is a fractal curve similar in its construction to the dragon curve and the Hilbert curve.

The Gosper curve can also be used for efficient hierarchical hexagonal clustering and indexing.

Fractal curve
A fractal curve is loosely a mathematical curve whose shape retains the same general pattern of irregularity, regardless of how high it is magnified or scaled, that is, its graph takes the form of a fractal.

In general, fractal curves are nowhere rectifiable — that is, they do not have finite length — and every subarc longer than a single point has infinite length.
A famous example is the boundary of the Mandelbrot set.
Kung Yao
Kung Yao (born November 24, 1938) is a Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Electrical Engineering Department of UCLA known for his contributions in Communication Theory, Signal and array processing, and Systolic algorithms.

UCLA Samueli School of Engineering
The UCLA Samueli School of Engineering is the engineering school of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). It opened as the College of Engineering in 1945 and was renamed the School of Engineering in 1969.

Since its initial enrollment of 379 students, the school has grown to approximately 6,500 students. The school offers 28 degree programs and is home to eight externally funded interdisciplinary research centers, including those in space exploration, wireless sensor systems, and nanotechnology.
Enterotomy
Enterotomy is the surgical incision into an intestine. It may be purposeful or a complication of an abdominal surgery, such as exploratory laparotomies or hernia repair.

An enterotomy can be done to remove an obstruction or foreign body from the intestine.

If an accidental enterotomy is not noticed during surgery, it can take days to become apparent. Surgical repair is required.

Hernia repair
Hernia repair is a surgical operation for the correction of a hernia—a bulging of internal organs or tissues through the wall that contains it. It can be of two different types: herniorrhaphy; or hernioplasty. This operation may be performed to correct hernias of the abdomen, groin, diaphragm, brain, or at the site of a previous operation. Hernia repair is often performed as an ambulatory procedure.
Alozaina
Alozaina is a town and municipality in the province of Málaga, part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in southern Spain. It is located between Tolox, Casarabonela and Yunquera and in the foothills of the Sierra de las Nieves in its transition to the Hoya de Málaga. The municipality is situated approximately 52 kilometers from Málaga and 41 from the city of Ronda. It has a population of approximately 2,200 residents. Its surface area is 33.85 km2 and has a density of 66.23 inhabitants/km2. It is one of eight pueblo blancos that "guard the Sierra de las Nieves". In the past ten years a transformation has taken place, from a dusty somewhat shabby rural village to a lively community proud of its traditions and enhanced by many new amenities.

Natives of the town are called Pecheros.

Yunquera
Yunquera is a town and municipality in the province of Málaga, part of the autonomous community of Andalucía in southern Spain. It is located in the east of the province. The municipality is situated approximately 36 kilometres from Ronda and 63 from the provincial capital of Málaga. It has a population of approximately 3300 residents. The natives are called Yunqueranos.

The temperature in winter can drop to below 20 °C, and in summer, can be in the 40s in the shade.

It is also the most elevated town in the province of Malaga.
Mazzo di Valtellina
Mazzo di Valtellina flag.svg

Mazzo di Valtellina (Maz in Valtellinese dialect) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in Lombardy, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Milan.

As of 1 January 2021 the estimated population was 1,017.

Mazzo is in the upper part of Valtellina in an area of primary importance: laying at the foot of the Mortirolo Pass, it allowed easy access to the Valcamonica valley and subsequently to the territories of the Republic of Venice, which had strategic interests in trade with the German-speaking countries.

Bormio
Bormio (Lombard: Bormi, Romansh: Buormⓘ, German: Worms im Veltlintal) is a town and comune with a population of about 4,100 located in the Province of Sondrio, Lombardy region of the Alps in northern Italy.

The centre of the upper Valtellina valley, it is a popular winter sports resort. It was the site of the Alpine World Ski Championships in 1985 and 2005, and annually hosts the Alpine Ski World Cup. In addition to modern skiing facilities, the town is noted for the presence of several hot springs that have been tapped to provide water to three thermal baths.
Azamara Quest
Azamara Quest is an R-class cruise ship that entered service for Azamara Cruises on 24 October 2007. She was built in 2000 for Renaissance Cruises as R Seven. Following the collapse of Renaissance Cruises in 2001 she was laid up for two years, until chartered to the Germany-based Delphin Seereisen as Delphin Renaissance.

In 2006 she was sold to the Spain-based Pullmantur Cruises and renamed Blue Moon. She sailed for Pullmantur until 2007 when she was transferred to Azamara Cruises.

The Azamara Quest carries about 710 passengers (double occupancy) plus 410 crew members (1:2 staff to guest ratio). Her first season was in the Caribbean.  Due to her small size, she is able to call at some of the lesser-visited ports such as St. Barts and Guadeloupe.

Sisterships: Azamara Journey, Azamara Pursuit, MS Insignia, MS Sirena, MS Regatta, MS Nautica, Pacific Princess.

Azamara Onward
MS Azamara Onward, formerly R Three and Pacific Princess, is a cruise ship owned and operated by Azamara Cruises since 2022. She was built in 1999 by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard in Saint-Nazaire, France for Renaissance Cruises. In 2002, following the failure of Renaissance Cruises, the ship was sold to Princess Cruises and renamed Pacific Princess. On 21 January 2021, Carnival announced the ship had been sold to an unnamed buyer, later revealed to be Azamara Cruises.
2011 Australian Open – Girls' singles
An-Sophie Mestach won the title, defeating Monica Puig in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

Karolína Plíšková was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to participate in junior events. She competed in the women's singles qualifying competition where she lost to Anna-Lena Grönefeld in the first round.

2011 Australian Open – Women's singles qualifying
The 2011 Australian Open was a tennis tournament featuring six different competitions, and part of the 2011 ATP World Tour, the 2011 WTA Tour, ITF Junior Tour and the NEC Tour, as tournaments for professional, junior and wheelchair players were held. The tournament took place at Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Australia, from 17 January to 30 January, it was the 99th edition of the Australian Open and the first Grand Slam event of 2011. The tournament was played on hard courts and was organised by the International Tennis Federation and Tennis Australia.
2012 Challenger Banque Nationale de Granby
The 2012 Challenger Banque Nationale de Granby was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 19th edition, for men, and 2nd edition, for women, of the tournament and part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit, offering totals of $50,000, for men, and $25,000, for women, in prize money. It took place in Granby, Quebec, Canada between July 16 and July 22, 2012.

2012 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2012 ITF Women's Circuit was the 2012 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. The ITF Women's Circuit is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The 2012 season consisted of 484 events in 63 countries with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
49th New York State Legislature
The 49th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 3 to April 18, 1826, during the second year of DeWitt Clinton's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

Orleans County, New York
Orleans County is a county in the western part of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,343. The county seat is Albion. The county received its name at the insistence of Nehemiah Ingersoll though historians are unsure how the name was selected. The two competing theories are that it was named to honor the French Royal House of Orleans or that it was to honor Andrew Jackson's victory in New Orleans.

Located on the south shore of Lake Ontario, Orleans County since the late 20th century has been considered part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Chandee
Chandee, also spelled as Chandi, is a 2013 Indian Telugu film directed by V. Samudra starring R. Sarathkumar, Priyamani, Ashish Vidhyarthi and Krishnam Raju in the lead roles, and Ali and MS Narayana as key comedians.

The film was formally launched on 31 January 2013, with principal photography commencing on 30 October 2012. Filming took place over eight months, primarily across Hyderabad, Rajamundry and Bangkok, Thailand. The film was originally scheduled for release in the first week of October 2013, but was postponed due to political unrest in Andhra Pradesh and finally released on 8 November 2013. It is loosely based on the Hollywood movie The Long Kiss Goodnight, and was remade in Bhojpuri in 2015 as Durga starring Rani Chaterjee and in Bangladesh in 2016 as Rokto starring Pori Moni.

The Long Kiss Goodnight
The Long Kiss Goodnight is a 1996 American action thriller film co-produced and directed by Renny Harlin, and produced by Shane Black and Stephanie Austin with screenplay written by Black. It stars Geena Davis, Samuel L. Jackson, Tom Amandes, Yvonne Zima, Brian Cox, Patrick Malahide, Craig Bierko, and David Morse. The story follows an amnesiac schoolteacher (Davis) who sets out to recover her identity with the help of a private detective (Jackson) when they discover a dark conspiracy.

Released by New Line Cinema on October 11, 1996, it grossed almost $96 million against a budget of $65 million, and gained a strong cult following.
Frank Martin (sculptor)
Frank Martin (27 December 1914 – 19 January 2004) was a British sculptor. He was head of the sculpture department of Saint Martin's School of Art from 1952 to 1979. He brought young and forward-thinking sculptors into the department to teach, among them Anthony Caro, Robert Clatworthy, Elisabeth Frink and Eduardo Paolozzi. They and those round them came to be known as the New Generation of British sculptors. In the 1960s and 1970s the sculpture department at Saint Martin's was, in the words of Tim Scott: "the most famous in the art world".

Elisabeth Frink
Dame Elisabeth Jean Frink CH DBE RA (14 November 1930 – 18 April 1993) was an English sculptor and printmaker. Her Times obituary noted the three essential themes in her work as "the nature of Man; the 'horseness' of horses; and the divine in human form".
UFC on ESPN: Taira vs. Park
UFC on ESPN: Taira vs. Park (also known as UFC on ESPN 71 and UFC Vegas 108) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on August 2, 2025, at the UFC Apex in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Valley, United States.

Legacy Fighting Alliance
The Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA) is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company based in Houston, Texas. It was created as a result of the Legacy Fighting Championship and Resurrection Fighting Alliance merger in 2016.
Adelaide of Vohburg
Adelaide of Vohburg (German: Adela or Adelheid; c. 1125 – 25 May after 1187) was Duchess of Swabia from 1147 and German queen from 1152 until 1153, as the first wife of the Hohenstaufen king Frederick Barbarossa, the later Holy Roman Emperor.

Duchess of Swabia
The Duchess of Swabia was the wife of the Duke of Swabia, ruler of the Duchy of Swabia which existed from 915 to 1313 as part of the Kingdom of Germany. If the duke was unmarried there was no duchess. This is a list of holders of the title.
Rupite Glacier
Rupite Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Рупите, romanized: lednik Rupite, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈrupitɛ]; 63°00′05″S 62°31′00″W﻿ / ﻿63.00139°S 62.51667°W﻿ / -63.00139; -62.51667) is a 2.9 kilometres (1.8 mi) long glacier on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range east of the summit Mount Foster and southeast of Evlogi Peak.  It is situated southeast of Chuprene Glacier, southwest of Pashuk Glacier and northeast of Landreth Glacier, and flows southeastward into Osmar Strait.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2008.  The glacier is named after the settlement Rupite and the nearby protected area in southwestern Bulgaria.

Osmar Strait
Osmar Strait (Bulgarian: проток Осмар, ‘Protok Osmar’ \'pro-tok os-'mar\) is the 14.6 nautical miles (27.0 km)  wide strait in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica between Smith Island to the northwest and Low Island to the southeast.

The strait is named after the settlement of Osmar in northeastern Bulgaria.
1937 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1937 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 49th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

Duhallow West entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 12 September 1937, Carbery won the championship following a 3–08 to 1–01 defeat of Duhallow West in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their first championship title.

1887 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1887 Cork Senior Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1887. The championship began on 6 March 1887 and ended on 10 July 1887.

On 10 July 1887, Lees won the championship following a 0–04 to 0–01 defeat of Lisgoold in the final at Cork Park. The club subsequently represented Cork in the 1887 All-Ireland Championship.
Valerian Obolensky
Valerian Valerianovich Obolensky (Russian: Валериа́н Валериа́нович Оболе́нский; 25 March 1887 – 1 September 1938) (who worked under the party pseudonym Nikolai Osinsky) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Marxist theorist, Soviet politician, economist, and professor of the Agricultural Academy of Moscow.

Supreme Soviet of the National Economy
The Supreme Soviet of the National Economy or Superior Soviet of the People's Economy (Russian: Высший совет народного хозяйства, ВСНХ, romanized: Vysshiy sovet narodnogo khozyaystva, VSNKh, Vesenkha or Vesenka) was the superior state institution for management of the economy of the RSFSR and later of the Soviet Union. There were two institutions with this name, at different times, 1917–1932 and 1963–1965.
Spectacled hooded snake
The spectacled hooded snake (Suta spectabilis), also known commonly as the Port Lincoln snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to central-southern Australia. There are three recognized subspecies.

Glen Milton Storr
Dr. Glen Milton Storr (27 December 1921 – 26 June 1990) was an Australian ornithologist and herpetologist.  He joined the Western Australian Museum in 1962 and became curator of ornithology and herpetology in 1965.  He was a member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU), and served as secretary of the Western Australian Branch of the RAOU in 1954.

Storr produced his postgraduate research on kangaroos. His tenure as curator at the WA museum ended in 1986.