hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Presenting Thad Jones/Mel Lewis and the Jazz Orchestra
Presenting Thad Jones/Mel Lewis & The Jazz Orchestra is a 1966 big band jazz album recorded by the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra and released on the Solid State Records label.  It is the debut release by the orchestra (although an earlier live session recording would eventually be released as Opening Night).  All tracks are also included on Mosaic's limited edition boxed set, The Complete Solid State Recordings of the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra.

The track titled "Three in One" is incorrectly labeled on the album cover. The correct title of the piece is "Three and One." The piece was originally written by Jones for a 1958 small group session titled "Keepin' Up With The Joneses" with Thad, his two siblings (Hank on piano and Elvin on drums), and bass player Eddie Jones (no relation). The title refers to the three Jones siblings plus one other Jones who is unrelated. The correct title is on the original parts as well as the later published version by Kendor.

Bob Brookmeyer
Robert Edward "Bob" Brookmeyer (December 19, 1929 – December 15, 2011) was an American jazz valve trombonist, pianist, arranger, and composer. Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Brookmeyer first gained widespread public attention as a member of Gerry Mulligan's quartet from 1954 to 1957. He later worked with Jimmy Giuffre, before rejoining Mulligan's Concert Jazz Band. He received eight Grammy Award nominations during his lifetime.
Bibliography of American Civil War battles and campaigns
The American Civil War bibliography comprises books that deal in large part with the American Civil War. There are over 60,000 books on the war, with more appearing each month. 
There is no complete bibliography to the war; the largest guide to books is more than 50 years old and lists over 6,000 titles.

Note: This article forms part of Bibliography of the American Civil War

James M. McPherson
James Munro McPherson (born October 11, 1936) is an American historian specializing in the American Civil War. He is the George Henry Davis '86 Professor Emeritus of United States History at Princeton University. He received the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. McPherson was the president of the American Historical Association in 2003.
Herzog Mountains
The Herzog Mountains are a mountain range in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.  It contains the 1389 m Mount Herzog which lies about 22 km west of Lae.  Other mountains in the range include Garagos, Misantum, Shungol, Ngaroneno, and Sugarloaf.

Morobe Province
Morobe is a province on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The provincial capital and largest city is Lae. The province covers 33,705 km2, with a population of 674,810 (2011 census), and since the division of Southern Highlands Province in May 2012 it is the most populous province. It includes the Huon Peninsula, the Markham River, and delta, and coastal territories along the Huon Gulf. The province has nine administrative districts. At least 101 languages are spoken, including Kâte and Yabem language.  English and Tok Pisin are common languages in the urban areas, and in some areas pidgin forms of German are mixed with the native language.
Sad Day (FKA Twigs song)
"Sad Day" (stylised in all lowercase) is a song by English singer FKA Twigs. Released on 9 November 2019 by Young Turks, it serves as the fourth and final single from Twigs' second studio album, Magdalene. The song was written and produced by Twigs, Koreless, Benny Blanco, Cashmere Cat, Nicolas Jaar, Skrillex and Noah Goldstein.

Swordsmanship
Swordsmanship or sword fighting refers to the skills and techniques used in combat and training with any type of sword. The term is modern, and as such was mainly used to refer to smallsword fencing, but by extension it can also be applied to any martial art involving the use of a sword. The formation of the English word "swordsman" is parallel to the Latin word gladiator, a term for the professional fighters who fought against each other and a variety of other foes for the entertainment of spectators in the Roman Empire. The word gladiator itself comes from the Latin word gladius, which is a type of sword.
Elsinore Peak
Elsinore Peak is a named 3,575-foot (1,090 m) summit, at the southern end of the mountain ridge running southeast from the vicinity east of El Cariso in the Elsinore Mountains, in Riverside County, California in the United States.

El Cariso, California
El Cariso is an unincorporated community in Riverside County, California. It lies along the Ortega Highway, just west of where it crosses the crest of the Santa Ana Mountains a few miles southwest of Lake Elsinore. It lies within the Trabuco District of the Cleveland National Forest. El Cariso Campground is north of the town across the highway from the El Cariso Fire Station.
Golden-backed mountain tanager
The golden-backed mountain tanager (Cnemathraupis aureodorsalis) is an endangered species of bird in the tanager family. This large and brightly colored tanager is endemic to elfin forests in the Andean highlands of central Peru. It is threatened by habitat loss.

This species was formerly included in the genus Buthraupis. When a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010 found that Buthraupis was polyphyletic, the golden-backed mountain tanager was moved to the resurrected genus Cnemathraupis.

Cnemathraupis
Cnemathraupis is a small genus of mountain tanagers found in forest and woodland in the Andes of South America. The two species are uncommon and relatively large tanagers with a contrasting blue, yellow and black plumage (golden-backed mountain tanager also has some brown; black-chested mountain tanager some green).
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (Devil's Due Publishing)
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (also known as G.I. Joe vol. 2 or G.I. Joe: Reinstated) is a comic book that was published by Image Comics from 2001 to 2005. Based on Hasbro, Inc.'s G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero line of military-themed toys, the series picks up seven years after the end of the Marvel Comics series.

Storm Shadow (G.I. Joe)
Storm Shadow is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. He is best known as the Cobra Commander's ninja bodyguard, and for his history with fellow ninja Snake Eyes.

Throughout his history, he has changed sides several times; conflicted in loyalties between Cobra, G.I. Joe, and his blood brother, Snake Eyes. Storm Shadow is one of the most prominent characters in the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero franchise, and has appeared in every series since its inception. He is portrayed by South Korean actor Lee Byung-hun in the 2009 live-action film G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, and its 2013 sequel G.I. Joe: Retaliation, while British actor Andrew Koji portrayed him in the 2021 film Snake Eyes.
183rd Battalion (Manitoba Beavers), CEF
The 183rd (Manitoba Beavers) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915/16 throughout the Province of Manitoba.  After sailing to England in October 1916, the battalion was broken up in November 1916 and its men transferred to the following units: 100th Battalion, CEF, 107th Battalion, CEF, 108th Battalion, CEF, and the 144th Battalion, CEF.  The 183rd (Manitoba Beavers) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. W. T. Edgecombe.

108th Battalion (Selkirk), CEF
The 108th Battalion (Selkirk), CEF, was an infantry battalion of the Great War Canadian Expeditionary Force. The 108th Battalion was authorized on 4 November 1915 and embarked for Britain on 19 September 1916, where its personnel were absorbed by the 14th Reserve Battalion, CEF,  to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion disbanded on 4 August 1917.

The 108th Battalion recruited throughout Manitoba and was mobilized at Selkirk.

The 108th Battalion was commanded by Lt.-Col. G.H. Bradbury from 18 September 1916 to 15 December 1916.

The 108th Battalion was awarded the battle honour THE GREAT WAR 1916–17.

The 108th Battalion (Selkirk), CEF, is not perpetuated by the Canadian Army.
Graffiti Bridge (film)
Graffiti Bridge is a 1990 American rock musical drama film written, directed by, and starring Prince in his third and final major theatrical film role. It is a standalone sequel to his 1984 film Purple Rain. Like its predecessor, it was accompanied by a soundtrack album of the same name.

The Time (band)
The Time, later known as Morris Day and the Time and the Original 7ven, is an American funk rock band founded in Minneapolis in 1981. They contributed to the development of the Minneapolis sound, an eclectic fusion of funk, R&B, new wave, synth-pop and dance. Led by singer-songwriter Morris Day, the band members are known for having been close associates of musician Prince, and are arguably the most successful artists who have worked with him, achieving success with singles such as "Get It Up", "The Bird", "Cool", "777-9311", "Jungle Love" and "Jerk Out".

Former members Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis went on to a prominent production career after they left the band in 1983, while Day and guitarist Jesse Johnson recorded solo material in addition to their work with the Time.
North Carolina Highway 13 (1936–1951)
North Carolina Highway 13 (NC 13) was a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The highway connected U.S. Route 220 (US 220) north of Seagrove with US 421 in Staley. The routing of the highway was fairly rural, with Staley the only notable town along the routing. The route was established in 1936 and decommissioned in 1951.

U.S. Route 220 in North Carolina
U.S. Route 220 (US 220) is a north–south U.S. highway which travels from Rockingham, North Carolina, to South Waverly, Pennsylvania. In the U.S. state of North Carolina, US 220 travels 123.4 miles (198.6 km) from an intersection with US 1 in Rockingham to the Virginia state line near Price, North Carolina. The highway is an important north–south route in Central North Carolina, connecting Rockingham, Asheboro, Greensboro, and Summerfield. US 220 runs concurrently with Interstate 73 from north of Rockingham to Greensboro, and from Summerfield to Stokesdale; while US 220 runs concurrently with I-74 from Rockingham to Randleman.
Nicholas Hare Architects
Nicholas Hare Architects is an RIBA chartered architectural practice based in London, with a portfolio of award-winning projects.  These include schools, higher education, refurbishment, commercial projects, and buildings for the arts.  Founded by Nicholas Hare in 1977, the practice is now a limited liability partnership with over 20 employees.  The office is based in Hoxton Square, in the London Borough of Hackney.  Nicholas Hare Architects LLP is a member of the UK Green Building Council and achieves BREEAM Excellent rating for several of its completed buildings.

Civic Trust Awards
The Civic Trust Awards scheme is a British awards scheme to recognise outstanding architecture, planning and design in the built environment. It was established in 1959, and is the longest-standing built environment awards scheme in Europe. The Civic Trust Awards is not linked to any organisation, institution, or publication and operates on a not-for-profit basis. The general public is able to participate in nominating and judging schemes from their local area. They may also be awarded internationally.
Alberta Highway 44
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 44, commonly referred to as Highway 44, is a highway in northern Alberta, Canada that extends from Hondo to Highway 16 (Yellowhead Highway) east of Spruce Grove.  It is the primary route between the Edmonton area and the Lesser Slave Lake region.  The stretch between Highway 16 and Westlock was formerly Secondary Highway 794, but due to a large increase in traffic it was upgraded to Highway 44 in 1999. Highway 44 is approximately 172 kilometres (107 mi) long.

Alberta Highway 16
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 16, commonly referred to as Highway 16, is a major east–west highway in central Alberta, Canada, connecting Jasper with Lloydminster via Edmonton. It forms a portion of the Yellowhead Highway, a major interprovincial route of the Trans-Canada Highway system that stretches from Masset, British Columbia, on Graham Island, to the main Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) west of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, near Winnipeg. Highway 16 spans approximately 634 kilometres (394 mi) from Alberta's border with British Columbia in the west to its border with Saskatchewan in the east. As of 2010, all but less than 96 kilometres (60 mi) of the route was divided, with a minimum of two lanes in each direction. It is designated a core route in Canada's National Highway System.
History of Kraków
Kraków is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland, with the urban population of 810,590 (June, 2025). Situated on the Vistula river (Polish: Wisła) in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1596, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918, and the capital of Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

Kraków Voivodeship (1975–1998)
The Kraków Voivodeship, from 1975 to 1984 known as the Kraków Metropolitan Voivodeship, was a voivodeship (province) of the Polish People's Republic from 1975 to 1989, and the Republic of Poland from 1989 to 1998. Its territory included its capital, Kraków and the surrounding municipalities. It was established on 1 June 1975 from the part of the Kraków Voivodeship, and the city of Kraków, which until then acted as a separate administrative division. It existed until 31 December 1998, when it got incorporated into then-established Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
Nuxalk language
Nuxalk (/ˈnuːhɒlk/ NOO-halk), also known as Bella Coola (/ˌbɛlə ˈkuːlə/), is a Salishan language spoken by the Nuxalk people. Today, it is an endangered language in the vicinity of the Canadian town of Bella Coola, British Columbia. While the language is still sometimes called Bella Coola by linguists, the native name Nuxalk is preferred by some, notably by the Nuxalk Nation's government.

Though the number of truly fluent speakers has not increased, the language is now taught in both the provincial school system and the Nuxalk Nation's own school, Acwsalcta, which means 'a place of learning'. Nuxalk language classes, if taken to at least the Grade 11 level, are considered adequate second-language qualifications for entry to the major B.C. universities. CKNN-FM Nuxalk Radio is also working to promote the language.

Sonorant
In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant or resonant is a speech sound that is produced with continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; these are the manners of articulation that are most often voiced in the world's languages. Vowels are sonorants, as are semivowels like [j] and [w], nasals like [m] and [n], and liquids (laterals and rhotics) like [l] and [r]. This set of sounds contrasts with the obstruents (stops, affricates and fricatives).

For some authors, only the term resonant is used with this broader meaning, while sonorant is restricted to the consonantal subset—that is, nasals and liquids only, not vocoids (vowels and semivowels).
2025 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team
The 2025 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team represented Mississippi State University in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs were led by second-year head coach Jeff Lebby. The team played its home games at Davis Wade Stadium located in Starkville.

The team managed to improve upon its 2–10 record of the previous season with their win in Week 3 over Alcorn State, as well as a 4–0 start, their first since 2014, including an upset win over then No. 12 Arizona State. The team also snapped a 16–game losing streak in SEC play dating back to 2023 with a win over Arkansas. Despite a promising 4–0 start, the team instead floundered to a 1–7 record in SEC play.

Davis Wade Stadium
Davis Wade Stadium, officially known as Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field is the home venue for the Mississippi State Bulldogs football team. Originally constructed in 1914 as New Athletic Field, it is the second-oldest stadium in the Football Bowl Subdivision behind Georgia Tech's Bobby Dodd Stadium, and the fourth oldest in all of college football behind Penn's Franklin Field, Harvard Stadium, and Bobby Dodd Stadium. As of 2022, it has a seating capacity of 60,311 people.
1993 US Open – Men's doubles
The men's doubles tournament at the 1993 US Open was held from August 30 to September 12, 1993, on the outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City, United States. Ken Flach and Rick Leach won the title, defeating Karel Nováček and Martin Damm in the final.

This was the first US Open edition to play best-of-three sets matches in all rounds. Until 1992 from the quarterfinals onwards men's doubles were played best-of-five sets.

1993 US Open (tennis)
The 1993 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 113th edition of the US Open and was held from August 30 to September 12, 1993.
Quentin Groves
Quentin Dominic Groves (July 5, 1984 – October 15, 2016) was an American professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the second round of the 2008 NFL draft and played college football for the Auburn Tigers. He was also a member of the Oakland Raiders, Arizona Cardinals, Cleveland Browns, Houston Texans, Tennessee Titans and the Buffalo Bills.

Groves was named to the Chuck Bednarik Award, Bronko Nagurski Trophy and Ted Hendricks Award, watchlists for the 2007 college football season. Groves was a sack specialist at Auburn and finished tied for the Auburn career sack record at 26.

Ted Hendricks Award
The Ted Hendricks Award is given annually to college football's top defensive end. The award is named after Ted Hendricks, a member of both the College Football Hall of Fame and Pro Football Hall of Fame, and is presented by his own foundation. In 2022, Caleb Murphy, of NCAA Division II Ferris State University, became the first non-FBS player to win the award. The most recent recipient of the award was Rueben Bain Jr. from Miami (FL).
Bifunctionality
In chemistry, bifunctionality or difunctionality is the presence of two functional groups in a molecule. A bifunctional species has the properties of each of the two types of functional groups, such as an alcohol (−OH), amide (−CONH2), aldehyde (−CHO), nitrile (−CN) or carboxylic acid (−COOH). Many bifunctional species are used to produce complex materials.  They participate in condensation polymerization like polyester and polyamide.

Polyfunctional species have more than two functional groups. Most biological compounds are polyfunctional.

Nitrile
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH3CH2C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.

Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic.
Gunura
Gunura was a Mesopotamian goddess, best known as a daughter and member of the entourage of the medicine goddess Ninisina. She was also associated with other similar goddesses, Gula and Nintinugga. Her original cult center is unknown, though she was worshiped in Isin, Nippur, Ur, Babylon and Assur. She is attested in a number of laments, in which she mourns the death of her brother Damu, and in a narrative about a journey of her mother Ninisina to Nippur.

Dietz Otto Edzard
Dietz Otto Edzard (28 August 1930 in Bremen – 2 June 2004 in Munich) was a German scholar of the Ancient Near East and grammarian of the Sumerian language.

He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1976 and an International member of the American Philosophical Society in 1996.
J. Alan George
J. Alan George, FRSC (born November 9, 1943) is a computer scientist and university administrator.

In the academic world, George is best known for his intensive research and wide-ranging contributions to the field of numerical linear algebra, specifically computation with sparse matrices. He is the author or coauthor of more than 100 research articles and two books, and co-editor of two other books.  With his students, he has developed a widely used mathematical software package (SPARSPAK) for solving sparse systems of equations and sparse least squares problems.

He is also well known at the University of Waterloo for having served in a number of senior administrative positions, notably vice-president, provost, and dean of mathematics.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Toxidrome
A toxidrome (a portmanteau of toxic and syndrome, coined in 1970 by Mofenson and Greensher) is a syndrome caused by a dangerous level of toxins in the body. It is often the consequence of a drug overdose. Common symptoms include dizziness, disorientation, nausea, vomiting and oscillopsia. It may indicate a medical emergency requiring treatment at a poison control center. Aside from poisoning, a systemic infection may also lead to one. Classic toxidromes may be variable or obscured by co-ingestion of multiple drugs.

A common tool for assessing for the presence of toxidrome in the United Kingdom is the CRESS tool.

Medical emergency
A medical emergency is an acute injury or illness that poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long-term health, sometimes referred to as a situation risking "life or limb". These emergencies may require assistance from another, qualified person, as some of these emergencies, such as cardiovascular (heart), respiratory, and gastrointestinal cannot be dealt with by the victim themselves. Dependent on the severity of the emergency, and the quality of any treatment given, it may require the involvement of multiple levels of care, from first aiders through emergency medical technicians, paramedics, emergency physicians and anesthesiologists.

Any response to an emergency medical situation will depend strongly on the situation, the patient involved, and availability of resources to help them. It will also vary depending on whether the emergency occurs whilst in hospital under medical care, or outside medical care (for instance, in the street or alone at home).