hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chaitanyamoy Ganguly
Chaitanyamoy Ganguly is an Indian nuclear scientist and a former head of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), credited with many innovations in the field of nuclear material science. He was honored by the government of India in 2002, with the fourth-highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.

Indian Institute of Metals
Indian Institute of Metals (IIM) was formed in Kolkata in 1946 under the leadership of Dr. Dara P. Antia, who was then Chief Metallurgist of Indian Aluminum Co. The IIM is over 60 years old premier professional Metallurgical Institute set up to promote and advance the study and practice of the Science and the art of making and treating of metals and alloys and to promote just an honourable practice in Metallurgical profession. The space for its office at Calcutta was provided by Tata Steel. The Institute was inaugurated on 29 December 1947 at the Royal Asiatic Society Hall, Calcutta

The institute has chapters in almost all important towns and cities of India.

This institute is popular for providing distance courses for those who want to pursue Btech in metallurgy by distance mode. Normally Exams are taken in twice per year (End of June and December).
Divergent Blade
The Divergent Blade is a two-door sports car prototype manufactured and designed by Kevin Czinger. The Blade is the first automobile to use 3D printing to form the body and chassis.

The Blade ended up being the backbone of the eventual production car dubbed the Czinger 21C.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
Doryphallophoridae
Doryphallophoridae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the class Tantulocarida. The family was previously placed in class Hexanauplia.

Genera:

Doryphallophora Huys, 1990

Paradoryphallophora Ohtsuka & Boxshall, 1998

Hexanauplia
The Hexanauplia is a clade proposed by Oakley et al. (2013) that constitutes a class of crustaceans, comprising the Copepoda and Thecostraca. A number of recent phylogenomic studies have not found support for this clade, with some supporting the alternative clade of Communostraca comprising Thecostraca and Malacostraca.
GAMESS
GAMESS is a computational chemistry software program and stands for General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure System. The original Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange (QCPE) code of GAMESS split in 1981 and now the three version differ considerably:

GAMESS (UK),  a fork of the General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure System computational chemistry software program

GAMESS (US), a fork of the General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure System computational chemistry software program

Firefly (computer program) or PC GAMESS, an ab initio computational chemistry program based on GAMESS (US) sources

Firefly (computer program)
Firefly, formerly named PC GAMESS, is an ab initio computational chemistry program for Intel-compatible x86, x86-64 processors based on GAMESS (US) sources. However, it has been mostly rewritten (60-70% of the code), especially in platform-specific parts (memory allocation, disk input/output, network), mathematic functions (e.g., matrix operations), and quantum chemistry methods (such as Hartree–Fock method, Møller–Plesset perturbation theory, and density functional theory). Thus, it is significantly faster than the original GAMESS. The main maintainer of the program was Alex Granovsky. Since October 2008, the project is no longer associated with GAMESS (US) and the Firefly rename occurred. Until October 17, 2009, both names could be used, but thereafter, the package should be referred to as Firefly exclusively.
Tunnel finisher
A tunnel finisher is a machine that removes wrinkles from garments and is often used in the textile industry. As with other industrial pressing equipment, this machine is employed to improve the quality and look of a textile product. It has a chamber called a "tunnel" and includes a conveyor fed unit through which the garments are steamed and dried. The machine also features hook systems; air curtain entrance to eliminate moisture or condensation; cotton care and roller units; exhaust steam, and a preconditioning module.

Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a solvent other than water. Clothes are instead soaked in a water-free liquid organic solvent (usually non-polar, as opposed to water which is a polar solvent) typically inside a specialised dry-cleaning machine. The most commonly used solvent is Perchloroethylene (known as "PCE" or "perc" for short), although other solvents such as hydrocarbon mixtures and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane are also used. Historical solvents include carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, trichlorotrifluoroethane, trichloroethane and n-propyl bromide.

Most natural fibers can be washed in water but some synthetics (e.g., rayon) react poorly with water and should be dry cleaned if possible. If not, this could result in changes in texture, colour, strength, and shape. Additionally, certain specialty fabrics, including silk, acetate and rayon, may also benefit from dry cleaning to prevent damage.
World of Guns: Gun Disassembly
World of Guns: Gun Disassembly is a cross-genre simulation and puzzle video game that allows the player to operate and disassemble various firearms, as well as other mechanisms like automobiles, AFVs and aircraft. The game is the latest iteration of Noble Empire's Disassembly series, first released in 2010 on iOS, expanding on the feature set and library of interactive models.

The software can be used as both an interactive firearms reference source and encyclopedia, and a casual puzzle game with a goal of disassembling and assembling models in the correct sequence and in the least possible time.

Noble Empire's Valerii Zadorozhnyi, a trained Ukrainian philologist from Kyiv, is the main organizer of the game's development and publishing efforts.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Plat
In the United States, a plat (/plæt/ or /plɑːt/) (plan) is a cadastral map, drawn to scale, showing the divisions of a piece of land. United States General Land Office surveyors drafted township plats of Public Lands Surveys to show the distance and bearing between section corners, sometimes including topographic or vegetation information. City, town or village plats show subdivisions broken into blocks with streets and alleys. Further refinement often splits blocks into individual lots, usually for the purpose of selling the described lots; this has become known as subdivision.

After the filing of a plat, legal descriptions can refer to block and lot-numbers rather than portions of sections. In order for plats to become legally valid, a local governing body, such as a public works department, urban planning commission, zoning board, or another organ of the state must normally review and approve them.

Easement
An easement is a nonpossessory right to use or enter onto the real property of another without possessing it. It is "best typified in the right of way which one landowner, A, may enjoy over the land of another, B". An easement is a property right and type of incorporeal property in itself at common law in most jurisdictions.

An easement is similar to real covenants and equitable servitudes. In the United States, the Restatement (Third) of Property takes steps to merge these concepts as servitudes.

Easements are helpful for providing a 'limited right to use another person's land for a stated purpose. For example, an easement may allow someone to use a road on their neighbor’s land to get to their own.'  Another example is someone's right to fish in a privately owned pond, or to have access to a public beach.

The rights of an easement holder vary substantially among jurisdictions.
1933 Utah Utes football team
The 1933 Utah Utes football team was an American football team that represented the University of Utah as a member of the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1933 college football season. In their ninth season under head coach Ike Armstrong, the Utes compiled an overall record of 5–3 with a mark of 5–1 in conference play, shared the RMC title with Colorado Agricultural and Denver, and outscored opponents by a total of 129 to 78.

Before losing to Denver on November 18, Utah had won 30 consecutive conference games dating back to the 1928 season and had not lost a conference game or any game played in the Rocky Mountain region since the 1927 season.

1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1933 college football season. In their 23rd season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 5–1–1 record, tied for the RMC championship, and outscored all opponents by a total of 78 to 26.

Four Colorado Agricultural players received all-conference honors in 1933: end Glenn Morris, halfback Wilbur (Red) White, halfback Ralph Maag, and quarterback Bud Dammann.
Dušan Bulut
Dušan Domović Bulut (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Домовић Булyт; born 23 October 1985) is a Serbian professional basketball player who is former world No. 1 ranked in men's individual 3x3 rankings by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). He plays for Aliens and is former member of Serbia men's national 3x3 team. He is widely considered to be the greatest 3x3 basketball player of all time.

Second Basketball League of Serbia
Second Men's League of Serbia (Serbian Cyrillic: Друга мушка лига Србије, romanized: Druga muška liga Srbije), previously Basketball League of Serbia B, is the second-tier level men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006, it is run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
Rennau
Rennau is a municipality in the district of Helmstedt, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The Municipality Rennau includes the villages of Ahmstorf, Rennau and Rottorf am Klei.

Old postcard of Ahmstorf

The Lutheran church in Rennau

The Lutheran church in Rottorf am Klei

Helmstedt (district)
Helmstedt is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Wolfenbüttel, the City of Braunschweig, the District of Gifhorn, the City of Wolfsburg and the State of Saxony-Anhalt (districts of Börde and Harz).
Anti-Q RNA
Anti-Q RNA (formerly Qa RNA) is a small ncRNA from the conjugal plasmid pCF10 of Enterococcus faecalis. It is coded in cis to its regulatory target, prgQ, but can also act in trans. Anti-Q is known to interact with nascent prgQ transcripts to allow formation of an intrinsic terminator, or attenuator, thus preventing transcription of downstream genes. This mode of regulation is essentially the same as that of the countertranscript-driven attenuators that control copy number in pT181, pAMbeta1 and pIP501 and related Staphylococcal plasmids.

Anti-Q is transcribed from the same segment of DNA as prgQ, except from the opposite strand, making it perfectly complementary to a portion of prgQ. Further experiments have experimentally confirmed the original consensus secondary structure and demonstrated that only certain regions of Anti-Q interact with prgQ.

Anti-Q is derived from the 5’ end a longer transcript. The 3’ end of this transcript encodes PrgX, a repressor of prgQ transcription.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Kosmos 2282
Kosmos 2282 (Russian: Космос 2282 meaning Cosmos 2282) is a Russian US-KMO missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1994 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using infrared telescopes.

Kosmos 2282 was launched from Site 81/23 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a DM-2 upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 23:58 UTC on 6 July 1994. The launch successfully placed the satellite into geostationary orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1994-038A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 23168.

This satellite only worked for 17 months before failing.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
Wheel speed sensor
A wheel speed sensor (WSS) or vehicle speed sensor (VSS) is a type of tachometer.  It is a sender device used for reading the speed of a vehicle's wheel rotation. It usually consists of a toothed ring and pickup.

Tachometer
A tachometer (revolution-counter, tach, rev-counter, RPM gauge) is an instrument measuring the rotation speed of a shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. The device usually displays the revolutions per minute (RPM) on a calibrated analogue dial, but digital displays are increasingly common.

The word comes from Ancient Greek  τάχος (táchos) 'speed' and  μέτρον (métron) 'measure'. Essentially the words tachometer and speedometer have identical meaning: a device that measures speed. It is by arbitrary convention that in the automotive world one is used for engine revolutions and the other for vehicle speed. In formal engineering nomenclature, more precise terms are used to distinguish the two.
Aditya-class auxiliary ship
The Aditya-class auxiliary ship is a class of replenishment and repair ships currently in service with the Indian Navy. The class is a modified and lengthened version of the original Deepak class. INS Aditya is the only ship in this class.

INS Aditya
INS Aditya (A59) is an Aditya-class replenishment and repair ship in service with the Indian Navy. The ship was launched on 15 November 1993 and commissioned on 3 April 2000.

Aditya is a fully air-conditioned and lengthened version of the original Deepak class, but with a multipurpose workshop and with four replenishment at sea (RAS) stations alongside. The ship was built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE). Building progress was very slow and the ship was plagued by propulsion problems, during her sea trials in September 1999.
The Best of Pentatonix Christmas
The Best of Pentatonix Christmas is the first compilation album by American a cappella group Pentatonix. It contains Christmas songs originally recorded for and included on their holiday albums PTXmas, That's Christmas to Me, A Pentatonix Christmas and Christmas Is Here!, as well as four new songs: "Do You Hear What I Hear?", "God Only Knows", "Joyful, Joyful", and "You're a Mean One, Mr. Grinch". It was released via RCA Records on October 25, 2019. In December 2019, the group toured the United States in support of the album.

Christmas Is Here!
Christmas Is Here! is the seventh studio album by American a cappella group Pentatonix. It is also their third full-length holiday album following A Pentatonix Christmas in 2016.

It was released on RCA Records, and the first single is a cover of "Making Christmas" from The Nightmare Before Christmas. Pentatonix promoted the album through a tour of the same name, which started in November 2018 at The Theatre at Grand Prairie.
Lie to Me (Denial)
"Lie to Me (Denial)" (written as "Denial (Lie to Me)" on Who We Are: The RED Anthology) is the fourth single by the American Christian rock band Red on their third full-length studio album Until We Have Faces. The song was written by Anthony Armstrong, Joe Rickard, Rob Graves, Jasen Rauch, and Mark Holman.

This song was responsible for putting Red into Loudwire's Cage Match Hall of Fame as the first member for out-popularizing Skillet's "It's Not Me, It's You", Black Tide's "That Fire", Black Stone Cherry's "Blame It on the Boom Boom", Seether's "Tonight", and Nickelback's "Bottoms Up" in five "Cage Matches", a contest which songs earn votes over a period of a day.

Tonight (Seether song)
"Tonight" is a song by South African rock band Seether. It was released on 7 June 2011 as the second single from their fifth studio album Holding Onto Strings Better Left to Fray. This is also one of the last songs the band recorded with lead guitarist Troy McLawhorn who left the band prior to the album's release. Two remixes of this song appeared on the band's Remix EP.
Independent Consultative Gathering
The Independent Consultative Gathering or Independent Parliamentary Consultative Gathering is a parliamentary bloc in the Lebanese parliament formed in 2024 by four former members of the Free Patriotic Movement's Strong Lebanon bloc—Elias Bou Saab, Alain Aoun, Ibrahim Kanaan, and Simon Abi Ramia.

Strong Lebanon
Strong Lebanon (Arabic: تكتل لبنان القوي) is the parliamentary bloc of the Free Patriotic Movement and their allies in the Lebanese Parliament. Headed by Gebran Bassil, it consisted of 29 deputies after the 2018 general election and shrunk to 17 deputies after the 2022 Lebanese general election.
Moises Saman
Moises Saman (born 1974) is a Spanish-Peruvian conflict photographer, based in Tokyo. He is a full member of Magnum Photos and is best known for his photographs from Iraq. His book Discordia (2016) is about the revolution in Egypt and the broader Arab Spring. Glad Tidings of Benevolence (2023) is about the Iraq War.

Saman has won multiple awards from World Press Photo and Pictures of the Year International, and has received a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 2025 he won Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography.

Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography
The Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography is one of the American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism. It recognizes a distinguished example of feature photography in black and white or color, which may consist of a photograph or photographs, a sequence or an album.

The Feature Photography prize was inaugurated in 1968 when the single Pulitzer Prize for Photography was replaced by the Feature prize and "Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography", renamed for "Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography" in 2000.
Debenham
Debenham is a village and civil parish located 11 miles (18 km) north of Ipswich  in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. The River Deben rises in the parish, and flows along a prolonged ford through the village.

Mid Suffolk
52°09′22″N 1°02′56″E﻿ / ﻿52.1560°N 1.0489°E﻿ / 52.1560; 1.0489

Mid Suffolk is a local government district in Suffolk, England. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just three towns, being Stowmarket, Needham Market and Eye. Its council was based in Needham Market until 2017 when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Babergh District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. In 2021 it had a population of 103,417.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Babergh, West Suffolk, Breckland and South Norfolk.
Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Nasr
Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Nasr (Arabic: أبوجعفر أحمد بن نصر) was an Egyptian merchant and Isma'ili dāʿī. He operated openly as the head of the pro-Fatimid propaganda in Fustat, the capital of Egypt, during the last years of Ikhshidid rule, and played a major role in preparing the quick and relatively bloodless Fatimid conquest of Egypt in 969.

Da'i
A da'i (Arabic: داعي, romanized: dāʿī, lit. 'inviter, caller', [ˈdæːʕi(ː)]) is generally someone who engages in Dawah, the act of inviting people to Islam.

Dāʿī the inviter or summoner, i.e. the one who invites to true religion, as God says: "And as a summoner unto Allah by His permission, and as a luminous lamp" (33:46).

In this verse the Prophet is called da'i because he himself used to do Dawah and others used to do it under his supervision. In the time of the Prophet there were definitely Dāʿī's to invite on his behalf, for the main function of Prophethood and Dawah is carried on under his supervision.
Berwick Hotel
The Berwick Hotel is located on the northeast corner of Wheeling Avenue and Sixth Street in Cambridge, Ohio, United States and was built in 1887 for Colonel Joseph D. Taylor in the Second Empire style.

Cambridge, Ohio
Cambridge (/ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/ KAYM-brij) is a city in Guernsey County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 10,089 at the 2020 census. It lies in the Appalachian Plateau of the Appalachian Mountains in southeastern Ohio. It is the principal city of the Cambridge micropolitan area and is located adjacent to the intersection of Interstates 70 and 77.

Cambridge is well known among glass collectors as being the location for the Cambridge Glass, Boyd Glass and Mosser Glass plants. The Cambridge area is also noted for its S-shaped bridges, dating back to the building of the National Road in 1828.
Gmina Radków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Gmina Radków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Radków, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Kłodzko, and 83 kilometres (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 139 square kilometres (53.7 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 9,048.

Kłodzko
Kłodzko ([ˈkwɔt͡skɔ] ⓘ; Czech: Kladsko; German: Glatz; Latin: Glacio) is a historic town in south-western Poland, in the region of Lower Silesia. It is situated in the centre of the Kłodzko Valley, on the Eastern Neisse (Nysa Kłodzka) river.

Kłodzko is the seat of Kłodzko County (and of the rural Gmina Kłodzko, although the town itself is a separate urban gmina), and is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship. With 25,717 inhabitants at the 2021 Census, Kłodzko is the main commercial centre as well as an important transport and tourist node for the area.

For its historical monuments it is sometimes referred to as "Little Prague" (Polish: Mała Praga). It was established as a settlement in the 10th century, and is one of the oldest towns in Poland, having been granted city rights in 1233. Culturally and traditionally a part of Bohemia, administratively it has been periodically part of Silesia in the Middle Ages and again permanently since 1763.