hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dilworth's theorem
In mathematics, in the areas of order theory and combinatorics, Dilworth's theorem states that, in any finite partially ordered set, the maximum size of an antichain of incomparable elements equals the minimum number of chains needed to cover all elements. This number is called the width of the partial order. The theorem is named for the mathematician Robert P. Dilworth, who published it in 1950.

A version of the theorem for infinite partially ordered sets states that, when there exists a decomposition into finitely many chains, or when there exists a finite upper bound on the size of an antichain, the sizes of the largest antichain and of the smallest chain decomposition are again equal.

The American Mathematical Monthly
The American Mathematical Monthly is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics. It was established by Benjamin Finkel in 1894 and is published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the Mathematical Association of America. It is an expository journal intended for a wide audience of mathematicians, from undergraduate students to research professionals. Articles are chosen on the basis of their broad interest and reviewed and edited for quality of exposition as well as content. The editor-in-chief is Annalisa Crannell.
The journal gives the Lester R. Ford Award annually to "authors of articles of expository excellence" published in the journal.
Maniple (military unit)
Maniple (Latin: manipulus; lit. 'a handful [of soldiers]') was a tactical unit of the Roman Republican armies, adopted during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). It was also the name of the military insignia carried by such units.

Maniple members, called commanipulares (sg.: commanipularis) were seen as each other's brothers-in-arms, but without the domestic closeness of the eight-man contubernium.

Cohorts replaced maniples as organisational units.

Vegetius
Publius (or Flavius) Vegetius Renatus, known as Vegetius (Latin: [u̯ɛˈɡɛtiʊs]), was a writer of the Later Roman Empire (late 4th century). Nothing is known of his life or station beyond what is contained in his two surviving works: Epitoma rei militaris (also referred to as De re militari), and the lesser-known Digesta Artis Mulomedicinae, a guide to veterinary medicine. He identifies himself in the opening of his work Epitoma rei militaris as a Christian.
History of Vancouver Whitecaps FC
The history of Vancouver Whitecaps FC, a professional soccer team based in Vancouver, Canada, spans over four decades. The first team to use the "Whitecaps" name was the Vancouver Whitecaps of the now-defunct North American Soccer League, playing from 1974 to 1984. After two years while the core of the players were focused on preparations for the 1986 World Cup, a second version of the club was founded in 1986 as the Vancouver 86ers. This team bought back the Whitecaps name in 2000 and has operated continuously in various leagues since 1986. A Whitecaps FC team began play in Major League Soccer starting in 2011 making it the first time since 1984 that a "Whitecaps" team played in the top tier of soccer in the United States and Canada.

Cascadia Cup
The Cascadia Cup is the name of the trophy created in 2004 by supporters of the Portland Timbers, Seattle Sounders, and Vancouver Whitecaps, which is awarded each season to the best soccer team in the Pacific Northwest. The cup is named for the Cascadia region in which all three teams are located. The Timbers, Sounders, and Whitecaps have roots dating to the days of the original North American Soccer League. It was first contested in 2004, and was claimed by the Whitecaps. In 2011 the competition continued with the now Major League Soccer (MLS) sides Portland Timbers, Seattle Sounders FC, and Vancouver Whitecaps FC.
Pushpak Bhattacharyya
Pushpak Bhattacharyya (3 July 1962 – 5 October 2025) was an Indian computer scientist and professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the IIT Bombay. He served as the Director of the IIT Patna from 2015 to 2021.

He was a past President of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2016–17), and held the Vijay and Sita Vashee Chair Professorship at IIT Bombay. Bhattacharyya led the Natural Language Processing (NLP) research group at the Centre for Indian Language Technology (CFILT) at IIT Bombay until his death.

At the inauguration of the Nilekani Centre at AI4Bharat, IIT Madras, Nandan Nilekani, Co-founder and Non-Executive Chairman of Infosys, referred to Bhattacharyya as the "Godfather of Indian NLP".

Nandan Nilekani
Nandan Mohanrao Nilekani is an Indian entrepreneur. He co-founded Infosys and is the non-executive chairman of Infosys replacing R Seshasayee and Ravi Venkatesan, who were the co-chairs of the board, on 24 August 2017. After the exit of Vishal Sikka, Nilekani was appointed non-executive chairman of the board effective 24 August 2017.
He was the chairman of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). After a successful career at Infosys, he headed the Government of India's technology committee, TAGUP. He is a member of Indian National Congress but not active in politics as of 2019. As of October 2025, he is the 100th richest person in India with a net worth of US$3.2 billion.
Neighborhood Bike Works
Established in 1999, Neighborhood Bike Works (NBW) is a nonprofit educational organization in West Philadelphia. The mission of NBW is to inspire youth and strengthen Philadelphia communities by providing equitable access to bicycling and bike repair through education, recreation, leadership and career-building opportunities.

West Philadelphia
West Philadelphia, nicknamed West Philly, is a section of the city of Philadelphia. It has no officially defined boundaries, but is generally considered to be west of the Schuylkill River between City Avenue in the northwest, Cobbs Creek in the southwest, and the SEPTA Media/Wawa Line in the south. An alternate definition includes all city land west of the Schuylkill, thus including Southwest Philadelphia and its neighborhoods.  The eastern side of West Philadelphia is also known as University City.
Bee learning and communication
Bee learning and communication includes cognitive and sensory processes in all kinds of bees, that is the insects in the seven families making up the clade Anthophila. Some species have been studied more extensively than others, in particular Apis mellifera, or European honey bee. Color learning has also been studied in bumblebees.

Honey bees are sensitive to odors (including pheromones), tastes, and colors, including ultraviolet. They can demonstrate capabilities such as color discrimination through classical and operant conditioning and retain this information for several days at least; they communicate the location and nature of sources of food; they adjust their foraging to the times at which food is available; they may even form cognitive maps of their surroundings. They also communicate with each other by means of a "waggle dance" and in other ways.

Mandyam Veerambudi Srinivasan
Mandyam Veerambudi Srinivasan AM FRS, also known as "Srini", (born 1948) is an Australian bioengineer and neuroscientist who studies visual systems, particularly those of bees and birds.

A faculty member at the University of Queensland, he is a recipient of the Prime Minister's Prize for Science and a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and the Royal Society (elected 2001).
Beach volleyball at the 2022 South American Youth Games
Beach volleyball competitions at the 2022 South American Youth Games in Rosario, Argentina were held from 28 April to 1 May 2022 at the Estadio Arena in the La Rural cluster.

Two medal events were scheduled to be contested, a men's and a women's tournament. A total of 48 athletes (24 per gender and 12 teams per event) are scheduled to compete. Only athletes born between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2007 were eligible to compete in each event.

2022 South American Youth Games
The 2022 South American Youth Games (Spanish:Juegos Suramericanos de la Juventud), officially the III South American Youth Games, was an international multi-sport event held in Rosario, Argentina, from April 28 to May 8. It was the first time for the event to be held in Argentina.

The games were originally scheduled to be held from 13 to 25 April 2021, but had to be postponed until 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hoplothrips
Hoplothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae, first described in 1843 by Charles Jean-Baptiste Amyot & Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville. The type species is Thrips corticis DeGeer, 1773.

Phlaeothripidae
Phlaeothripidae is a family of thrips with hundreds of genera. They are the only extant family of the suborder Tubulifera, alongside the extinct family Rohrthripidae and are themselves ordered into two subfamilies, the Idolothripinae with 80 genera, and the Phlaeothripinae with almost 400. Some 3,400 species are recognised in this family, and many are fungivores living in the tropics.

Thrips from this family are fairly common, and are generally larger than those in the suborder Terebrantia (containing all other thrips). Idolothrips marginatus can attain a body length of up to 14 mm. The group is distinguished by having the last abdominal segment modified into a tube-like structure – hence the suborder's name, which means "tube-bearers".
Desde Gayola
Desde Gayola (transl. From Nosebleed Section) is a Mexican LGBT-related late-night sketch comedy variety show created by Horacio Villalobos. The show premiered on Telehit in February 2002 as a sketch into the variety show Válvula de Escape. The show revolves around a series of parodies about Mexican culture, sexuality and politics, performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.

The TV show followed a format similar to Saturday Night Live with each episode approximately 25 minutes in length and containing an average of five sketches per episode. The show featured a cast and crew that included several gay, transgender, and drag queen performers.

Francis García
Francis García (born José Francisco García Escalante; 6 April 1958 – 10 October 2007), known by the artistic name "Francis", was a Mexican entertainer who was a famous actress, vedette and stage costume designer.
Argonne Fast Source Reactor
Argonne Fast Source Reactor (AFSR) was a research reactor which was located at the Argonne National Laboratory, a United States Department of Energy national laboratory, facility located in the high desert of southeastern Idaho between Idaho Falls, Idaho and Arco, Idaho.

Research reactor
Research reactors are nuclear fission-based nuclear reactors that serve primarily as a neutron source. They are also called non-power reactors, in contrast to power reactors that are used for electricity production, heat generation, or maritime propulsion.
Exercise Real Thaw
Real Thaw is an annual military exercise organized and hosted by the Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) with the participation of forces from the Army and Navy and foreign military forces. The exercise has the objective of creating a realistic as possible operational environment in which Portuguese forces might participate, provide joint training with both land, air and naval forces, and provide interoperability between different countries.

Eurocopter Fennec
The Airbus Helicopters H125M Fennec (formerly Eurocopter AS550) and AS555 Fennec 2 are lightweight, multipurpose military helicopters manufactured by Airbus Helicopters (formerly Eurocopter Group). Based on the AS350 Ecureuil and AS355 Ecureuil 2 series, they are named after the fennec fox. The armed versions of the AS550 and AS555 can be fitted with coaxial weapons, rockets, torpedoes and various other munitions.
Word embedding
In natural language processing, a word embedding is a representation of a word. The embedding is used in text analysis. Typically, the representation is a real-valued vector that encodes the meaning of the word in such a way that the words that are closer in the vector space are expected to be similar in meaning. Word embeddings can be obtained using language modeling and feature learning techniques, where words or phrases from the vocabulary are mapped to vectors of real numbers.

Methods to generate this mapping include neural networks, dimensionality reduction on the word co-occurrence matrix, probabilistic models, explainable knowledge base method, and explicit representation in terms of the context in which words appear.

Word and phrase embeddings, when used as the underlying input representation, have been shown to boost the performance in NLP tasks such as syntactic parsing and sentiment analysis.

Vector space model
Vector space model or term vector model is an algebraic model for representing text documents (or more generally, items) as vectors such that the distance between vectors represents the relevance between the documents. It is used in information filtering, information retrieval, indexing and relevance rankings.  Its first use was in the SMART Information Retrieval System.
Electoral Commission of Namibia
The Electoral Commission of Namibia (ECN) is an agency of the government of Namibia. It was founded in 1992 under the Electoral Act 24 of 1992. The aim of the commission is to oversee all Namibian electoral activities starting from voter registration and political party registration, to the setting and monitoring of elections, counting of ballots and making results available.

The ECN is composed of a chairperson and four commissioners. Candidates are shortlisted by a committee consisting of the Chief Justice, a lawyer suggested by the Law Society and a representative from the Office of the Ombudsman. The president of Namibia then appoints the ECN from this shortlist for a five-year term.

The current Chief Electoral and Referenda Officer (CERO) is Petrus Shaama since September 2023. He replaced Theo Mujoro who served sinced September 2018. The chairperson of ECN is Dr. Elsie Tuleingepo Nghikembua  since September 2021.

President of Namibia
The president of Namibia is the head of state and head of government of Namibia. The president directs the executive branch of the government, acts as chair of the Cabinet and is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces in terms of the Constitution.
3.11: Surviving Japan
3.11: Surviving Japan is a documentary film about the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan written and directed by volunteer and resident Christopher Noland.

Ōfunato
Ōfunato (Japanese: 大船渡市, Hepburn: Ōfunato-shi) is a city located in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2020, the city had an estimated population of 35,452, and a population density of 110 persons per km2 in 14,895 households. The total area of the city is 322.51 square kilometres (124.52 sq mi).
2026 Cork Senior A Hurling Championship
The 2026 Cork Senior A Hurling Championship is scheduled to be the seventh staging of the Cork Senior A Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 2020. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 9 December 2025. The championship is scheduled to run from August to October 2026.

2020 Cork Senior A Hurling Championship
The 2020 Cork Senior A Hurling Championship was the first staging of the Cork Senior A Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 19 November 2019. The championship was scheduled to begin in April 2020, however, it was postponed indefinitely due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games. The championship began on 31 July 2020 and ended on 4 October 2020.

On 4 October 2020, Charleville won the championship after a 3–12 to 1–14 win over Fr. O'Neill's in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. This was their first championship title in the grade.

Charleville's Darragh Fitzgibbon was the championship's top scorer with 2-51.
Amina Elmi Farid
Amina Elmi Farid Baded (Somali: Aamina Cilmi Fariid Baaded) is a Somaliland politician who has served as a member of the House of Representatives since May 2023, becoming the only woman in the chamber of that parliamentary term. She previously served as Minister of Investment in the government of President Muse Bihi Abdi from November 2022 until her resignation in 2023 to take up her parliamentary seat.

Muse Bihi Abdi
Musa Bihi Abdi (Somali: Muuse Biixi Cabdi, Arabic: موسى بيحي عبدي; born 16 June 1948) is a Somaliland politician and former military officer who served as the 5th President of Somaliland from 2017 to 2024.

During the 1970s, he served as a pilot in the Somali Air Force under the Siad Barre administration. In 2010, Bihi was appointed the chairman of the ruling Kulmiye party in Somaliland. In November 2015, Bihi was selected as the party's Presidential Candidate at the 5th annual central committee convention.

On 21 November 2017 Muse was announced the winner of the 2017 presidential election, and officially became the President of Somaliland on 13 December 2017. He lost his reelection bid to Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi in the 2024 presidential election.
1983–84 Balkans Cup
The 1983–84 Balkans Cup was an edition of the Balkans Cup, a football competition for representative clubs from the Balkan states.

Since no clubs from Albania, Greece, or Yugoslavia entered, Group B was scratched and Beroe Stara Zagora, the winners of Group A, were awarded the trophy.

Balkans Cup
The Balkans Cup was an international football competition for clubs from Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia. It was introduced in 1961 and was very popular in the 1960s (the 1967 final attracted 42,000 spectators), being the second most important international club competition for clubs from the region (after the European Cup in which the champions could play; the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup originally attracted few teams from the region as many did not organise domestic cups regularly and only Yugoslavia had significant representation in the Fairs Cup).

It later declined after Balkan clubs obtained more representation in the two minor UEFA competitions, in contrast to the (much older but also defunct) Balkan Cup (not Balkans) for national teams.
Peter Ropati
Peter Ropati is a New Zealand former rugby league footballer and commentator who played as a professional for Leigh.

Ropati is from a large rugby league family that includes brothers Joe, Iva, Tea and Romi.

Romi Ropati
Romi Ropati (born 20 June 1976 in Auckland, New Zealand) is a retired rugby union player best known for his time with the Highlanders Super Rugby franchise. Although born in New Zealand, he represented Samoa internationally and was a member of the Samoan squad at the 2003 Rugby World Cup. He is the Coach of Tahiti's Men's National Rugby Union Team.
Ainsworth State Park
Ainsworth State Park is a state park in eastern Multnomah County, Oregon, near Cascade Locks. It is located in the Columbia River Gorge, adjacent to the Historic Columbia River Highway. The park, administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department, offers a seasonal, full-service campground, access to Gorge hiking trails beyond park boundaries, and a day-use area.

Ainsworth State Park lies within the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area, and is 4 miles (6.4 km) from Multnomah Falls. It is named for John Churchill Ainsworth (1870–1943), a prominent Oregon businessman, Portland banker and chairman of the State Highway Commission from 1931 to 1932. He donated the land in 1933 that became the park and was a son of pioneer steam-boatman John Commingers Ainsworth.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
Prednisolamate
Prednisolamate, also known as prednisolone 21-diethylaminoacetate, is a synthetic corticosteroid. It is or was a component of Etaproctene, which contains lidocaine, prednisolamate hydrochloride, and tetryzoline.

Corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, and also their synthetic analogues. The two main classes of corticosteroids – glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids – are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

Some common naturally occurring steroid hormones are cortisol (C21H30O5), corticosterone (C21H30O4), cortisone (C21H28O5) and aldosterone (C21H28O5) (cortisone and aldosterone are isomers). The main corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone.
Myself (Jolin Tsai album)
Myself is the eleventh studio album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai, released on August 13, 2010, by Warner. Centered around the theme of partying, the album features a strong emphasis on dance music, which makes up 80% of its content. It was produced by Adia, Paula Ma, and Andrew Chen.

The album sold over 65,000 copies in Taiwan, ranking as the fourth best-selling album of the year and earning the title of the best-selling album by a female artist in 2010. The music video for the track "Honey Trap" was nominated for Best Music Video at the 22nd Golden Melody Awards.

Music Radio China Top Chart Awards
The Music Radio China Top Chart Awards (Chinese: Music Radio 中国 Top 排行榜颁奖典礼) is a music awards ceremony founded by China National Radio in 2003. The awards are awarded on the basis of votes by a poll of the public and fans, who can usually vote through websites or via SMS. The first two ceremonies used to be called Music IN China Pop Chart Awards (Chinese: Music IN中国歌曲排行榜颁奖晚会). In 2005, it was officially called as MusicRadio China Top Chart Awards.
Jaime Subirats
Jaime Subirats (June 17, 1945 — September 5, 2015) was a Mexican professional tennis player.

Subirats, who grew up in Mexico City, received a full scholarship to attend Lamar University in Texas and played collegiate tennis from 1965 to 1968. He won a Southland Conference singles championship, was an NCAA College Division Championship singles finalist and formed a strong doubles combination with Sherwood Stewart during his time at Lamar University. His best performance on tour came at the 1966 U.S. National Championships, where he won matches against Butch Seewagen and Claude De Gronckel, before falling in the third round to Jim Osborne.

Sherwood Stewart
Sherwood Stewart (born June 6, 1946) is an American former professional tennis player who was active in the 1970s and 1980s. Stewart was ranked as high as No. 60 in the world in singles on the ATP Rankings on December 31, 1978, and No. 4 in doubles on January 3, 1983.

He attended Lamar University in Beaumont, Texas and graduated in 1969. He was the NCAA College Division Singles Champion in 1967 and was inducted into the Lamar University Hall of Honor.

He won 52 doubles titles, the biggest of them coming at the 1984 Australian Open, the 1976 French Open and 1982 French Open, in Cincinnati in 1974, in Monte Carlo in 1984, and in Hamburg in 1976. He was also in three additional Grand Slam doubles finals during his career.

After retiring from playing, he became a coach, most notably of Zina Garrison.