hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
François de Tournon
François de Tournon (1489 in Tournon-sur-Rhône – 1562 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was a French Augustinian friar, an archbishop, diplomat, courtier, and cardinal. From 1536 he was also a military supply officer of French forces operating in Provence, Savoy and Piedmont. In the same year he founded the Collège de Tournon. For a period he was effectively France's foreign minister. He was a prominent leader in the fight against Lutheranism and Calvinism, especially at the French Royal Court, and what he perceived as the growing Huguenot menace to both doctrinal orthodoxy and the social order. He took a prominent role in the Estates General of 1560, the Colloquy of Poissy and the Colloquy of Saint-Germain in 1562. He participated in the papal conclaves of 1534, 1549, and 1559.

Pope Pius IV
Pope Pius IV (Italian: Pio IV; 31 March 1499 – 9 December 1565), born Giovanni Angelo Medici, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 December 1559 to his death, in December 1565. Born in Milan, his family considered itself a branch of the House of Medici and used the same coat of arms. Although modern historians have found no proof of this connection, the Medici of Florence recognised the claims of the Medici of Milan in the early 16th century.

Pope Paul III appointed Medici Archbishop of Ragusa, and sent him on diplomatic missions to the Holy Roman Empire and Hungary. He presided over the final session of the Council of Trent. His nephew, Cardinal Charles Borromeo, was a close adviser. As pope, Pius IV initiated a number of building projects in Rome, including one to improve the water supply.
Mahrusah
Mahrusah (Arabic: محروسة, also spelled Mahrousa) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Jubb Ramlah to the north, Hanjur and Asilah to the northeast, Maarin to the east, Deir al-Salib to the southeast, Rabu to the south, Masyaf to the southwest and Deir Mama and al-Laqbah to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Mahrusah had a population of 6,579 in the 2004 census, making it the largest locality in the Jubb Ramlah subdistrict which consisted of 20 localities with a collective population of 39,814 in 2004. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Jubb Ramlah
Jubb Ramlah (Arabic: جب رملة, also spelled Jub Ramleh) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Deir Shamil to the west, Tell Salhab to the north, Safsafiyah to the northeast and Asilah to the east. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jubb Ramlah had a population of 3,329 in the 2004 census.
Gary McLellan
Gary McLellan is a Scottish filmmaker and former student of the SAE Institute in Glasgow. In July 2019, he became the deputy director of the Glasgow Filmmakers Alliance following the promotion of Chris Quick to director of the organisation. On 31 December 2021, McLellan stood down as deputy director.

Chris Quick
Chris Quick (born 2 August 1988) is a Scottish editor and producer of independent films. His editing credits includes Autumn Never Dies, In Search of La Che, Mountain and The Greyness of Autumn which also marked his directorial debut. In July 2019, he became the director of the Glasgow Filmmakers Alliance
Japanese aircraft carrier Katsuragi
Katsuragi (葛城) was the third and final Unryū-class aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy built during World War II. Named after Mount Katsuragi, in Nara Prefecture, and completed late in the war; she never embarked her complement of aircraft and spent the war in Japanese waters. The ship was badly damaged in a July 1945 airstrike by American carrier aircraft on Kure Naval Base. Repaired after the end of the war, Katsuragi was then used as a repatriation transport for a number of months, bringing Japanese soldiers and civilians back to Japan from overseas locations. She was scrapped in Japan beginning in late 1946.

Kure Naval District
Kure Naval District (呉鎮守府, Kure chinjufu) was the second of four main administrative districts of the pre-war Imperial Japanese Navy. Its territory included the Inland Sea of Japan and the Pacific coasts of southern Honshū from Wakayama to Yamaguchi prefectures, eastern and northern Kyūshū and Shikoku.

The area of the Kure Naval District encompassed Hashirajima Anchoring Area located at the south end of Hiroshima Bay, 30-40 kilometers southwest of Kure. When not in need of repairs ships usually anchored in this area to free up pier space at Kure. Hashirajima was also a major staging area for fleet operations.

Tokuyama port, was also part of Kure Naval District, and had the largest fuel depot in the Japanese Navy.
Kirigalpoththa
Kirigalpoththa is the second-tallest mountain in Sri Lanka at 2,388 m (7,835 ft) above mean sea level, and is also the highest mountain in the country whose summit is accessible to the general public (the highest point, Pidurutalagala, is occupied by a military base and off-limits to the public). The peak is situated near the city of Nuwara Eliya, within the Nuwara Eliya District. Only one seven-kilometre (4+1⁄2-mile) hiking trail provides access to the mountain's summit via the Horton Plains National Park, although the trail is not very popular.

Nuwara Eliya
Nuwara Eliya (Sinhala: නුවර එළිය [nuwərə ɛlijə]; Tamil: நுவரெலியா [nʉʋəɾɛlɪjɑː]) is a city in the hill country of the Central Province, Sri Lanka. Its name means "city on the plain (table land)" or "city of light". The city is the administrative capital of Nuwara Eliya District, with a picturesque landscape and temperate climate. It is at an altitude of 1,868 m (6,128 ft) and is considered to be the most important location for tea production in Sri Lanka. The city is overlooked by Pidurutalagala, the tallest mountain in Sri Lanka. Nuwara Eliya is known for its temperate, cool climate – the coolest area in Sri Lanka.
History of Ukrainian literature
The History of Ukrainian literature includes laws of the historical and literary process, literary genres, trends, works of individual writers, features of their style, and the importance of artistic heritage in the development of Ukrainian literature.

Ukrainian literature has a thousand-year history. Its beginnings date back to the formation of Kievan Rus. However, even in prehistoric times (before the ninth century), the ancestors of Ukrainians had a developed oral art.

Mykola Khvylovy
Mykola Khvylovy (Ukrainian: Микола Хвильовий, romanized: Mykola Khvyliovyi [mɪˈkɔlɐ xwɪlʲoˈwɪj]; born Mykola Hryhorovych Fitiliov [Микола Григорович Фітільов]; December 13 [O.S. December 1] 1893 – May 13, 1933) was a Ukrainian novelist, poet, publicist, and political activist, one of the founders of post-revolutionary Ukrainian prose, and one of the most famous representatives of the Ukrainian Renaissance in literature of the 1920s–1930s. Khvylovy was one of the main figures of Ukrainian 'National Communism' and the author of the slogan "Away from Moscow!"
Dina Cocea
Dina Cocea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdina ˈkot͡ʃe̯a]; 27 November 1912 – 28 October 2008) was a Romanian stage actress and occasional movie star with a career that spanned 70 years. Among other activities, Cocea was an actor in residence at the National Theatre Bucharest for 17 years, a professor and Dean at the University of Bucharest, writer and columnist, playwright, political activist, and representative to UNESCO.

I. L. Caragiale National University of Theatre and Film
The I. L. Caragiale National University of Theatre and Film (Romanian: Universitatea Națională de Artă Teatrală și Cinematografică "I. L. Caragiale") is a public university in Bucharest, Romania, founded in 1954. It is named in honour of playwright Ion Luca Caragiale.
Sierra del Toro
Sierra del Toro (Valencian: Serra del Toro) is a 21 km (13 mi) long mountain range in the Alt Palància comarca, Valencian Community, close to the limit with Teruel Province, Aragon, Spain. It is named after the nearby town of El Toro.

Alto Palancia
Alto Palancia (Spanish: [ˈalto paˈlanθja]; Valencian: Alt Palància [ˈalt paˈlansia]) is a comarca in the province of Castellón, Valencian Community (Spain). It is part of the Spanish-speaking area in the Valencian Community.
Tomás Mejía
José Tomás de la Luz Mejía Camacho, better known as Tomás Mejía (17 September 1820 – 19 June 1867), was a Mexican soldier of Otomi background, who consistently sided with the Conservative Party throughout its nineteenth century conflicts with the Liberals.

Mejía  was one of the leading conservative commanders during the War of Reform and during the French invasion of Mexico that established the Second Mexican Empire. He became known for repeatedly using the Sierra Gorda, which he was familiar with since childhood, as his base of operations. After the fall of the empire, Mejía was executed on 19 June 1867, alongside Emperor Maximilian and fellow conservative commander Miguel Miramón.

Manuel Doblado
Manuel Doblado Partida (12 June 1818 – 19 June 1865) was a Mexican prominent liberal politician and lawyer who served as congressman, Governor of Guanajuato, Minister of Foreign Affairs (1861) in the cabinet of President Juárez and fought in the War of Reform.

He was born in San Pedro, Piedra Gorda, Guanajuato, retired to the U.S. for health reasons, and died in New York City.
Queen of the Channel
The Queen of the Channel is a title bestowed on the woman who has completed more successful swims of the English Channel than any other. The title as well the accompanied Ray & Audrey Scott Queen of the Channel Trophy is awarded by the Channel Swimming Association.
It is held by Chloë McCardel with a total of 44 swims. Chloë McCardel set new Channel records for the greatest number of swims in a week and the most in a season. 
Kevin Murphy, with 34 swims between the years of 1968 and 2006, has the designation as King of the Channel.

Kevin Murphy (swimmer)
Kevin Murphy (born 1949) has swum the English Channel 34 times, more than any other man in history. The overall title of greatest number of successful English Channel swims is held by Chloë McCardel with 44 to her name.
Rig Band Sar
Rig Band Sar (Persian: ريگ بندسر, also Romanized as Rīg Band Sar; also known as Rīg Sar) is a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 43, in 9 families.

Pir Sohrab Rural District
Pir Sohrab Rural District (Persian: دهستان پيرسهراب) is in Pir Sohrab District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Owraki Bozorg-e Olya. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Pir Sohrab.
Parrots of New Zealand
New Zealand is geographically isolated, and originally lacked any mammalian predators, hence parrots evolved to fill habitats from the ground dwelling kākāpō to the alpine dwelling kea as well as a variety of forest species. The arrival of Māori, then European settlers with their attendant animals, habitat destruction and even deliberate targeting, has resulted in their numbers plummeting. Today one species is on the brink of extinction and three other species range from Vulnerable to Critically Endangered, all impacted by invasive species. Further parrot species were not introduced by acclimatisation societies, but occasional releases, both deliberate and accidental, have resulted in self-sustaining populations of some Australian species. New Zealand was identified among the highest priority countries for parrot conservation in the world, due to its parrot diversity, endemism, threats, and having more threatened parrot species than expected.

Chatham kākā
The Chatham kākā or Chatham Island kākā (Nestor chathamensis) is an extinct parrot species previously found on the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. The first individuals were thought to belong to the New Zealand kākā (Nestor meridionalis), but detailed examination of the subfossil bones showed that they actually belong to a separate endemic species. The species became extinct within the first 150 years of the arrival of the Polynesians around 1500, long before any European settlers. No skins or descriptions are available.
McClure (crater)
McClure is a small lunar impact crater. It is located along the western edge of the Mare Fecunditatis, due east of the prominent crater Colombo. To the north of McClure is the similar Crozier, and to the southwest is the larger Cook. The outer rim is nearly circular and not significantly worn. The inner walls slope down to a somewhat irregular interior floor. McClure C is attached to the exterior of the northwest rim.

Crozier (crater)
Crozier is a lunar impact crater that is located on the southwest edge of Mare Fecunditatis, a lunar mare in the eastern part of the Moon's near side. It lies to the east-northeast of the prominent crater Colombo, and southeast of the small crater Bellot.

The narrow rim of this crater forms a distorted enclosure that has outward bulges along the northwest, southwest, and southeastern sides. The interior floor has been resurfaced and nearly filled by basaltic lava, producing a level surface with a low albedo that matches the dark hue of the nearby lunar mare. Nearly adjacent to the outer rim are the similar flooded craters Crozier D to the east and Crozier M to the southeast.

The crater is named after Irish Royal Navy officer and polar explorer Francis Crozier.
2011–12 1. FC Köln season
The 2011–12 1. FC Köln season began on 31 July 2011 against Wiedenbrück 2000 in a DFB-Pokal 1st round match. They club played its home matches at the RheinEnergieStadion.

For the season, the club hired Ståle Solbakken as its new head coach. The board of directors announced their resignation at the annual general meeting. Speculation concerning Lukas Podolski's future at 1. FC Köln has been written about a lot during the season. 1. FC Köln were eliminated from the DFB-Pokal in the 2nd Round. The club was in tenth place halfway through the season. The club went to Portimão, Portugal, during the winter break. Unfortunately, the team had an alarming slump in form in the second half of the season, coinciding with news that their star player Lukas Podolski had signed for Arsenal on 30 April and would join the team on 1 July. They were officially relegated from the Bundesliga after their 4–1 home loss to second-placed Bayern Munich on 5 May on the final day of the 2011–12 Bundesliga season.

Portimão
Portimão (European Portuguese pronunciation: [puɾtiˈmɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in the district of Faro, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal. The population in 2022 was 63,079 in an area of 182.06 km2. It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão. In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. Historically a fishing and shipbuilding centre, it has nonetheless developed into a strong tourist centre oriented along its beaches and southern coast. The two largest population centers in the Algarve are Portimão and Faro.
Bridge End, County Durham
Bridge End is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stanhope, in County Durham, England. It is situated on the south bank of the River Wear, on the other side of Weardale from Frosterley, and near Hill End and White Kirkley.

Frosterley
Frosterley is a village in the civil parish of Stanhope, in County Durham, England. It is situated in Weardale, on the River Wear close to its confluence with Bollihope Burn; between Wolsingham and Stanhope; 18 miles (29 km) west of Durham City and 26 miles (42 km) southwest of Newcastle upon Tyne. In the 2001 census Frosterley had a population of 705.

Frosterley is on the Weardale Railway. Heritage trains currently run to Stanhope, Wolsingham and Witton-le-Wear.
David Bodian
David Bodian (15 May 1910 –  18 September 1992) was an American medical scientist  at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine who worked in polio research. In the early 1940s he helped lay the groundwork for the eventual development of polio vaccines by combining neurological research with the study of the pathogenesis of polio.  With his understanding of the disease, he made a series of crucial discoveries that paved the way for the final development of a vaccine by Jonas Salk and later by Albert Sabin. He received the E. Mead Johnson Award in Pediatrics and the Karl Spencer Lashley Award for his work, along with numerous other distinctions.

Silver proteinate
Silver proteinate (brand name: Protargol) is used in electron microscopy with periodic acid and thiocarbohydrazide or thiosemicarbohydrazide as a positive stain for carbohydrates such as glycogen. It can also be used for light microscopy to stain nerve tissue. It is normally available as 8% silver in combination with albumin.

Staining ciliates with silver proteinate can reveal the infraciliature, an important character for identification of ciliates. Hundreds of ciliate species have been discovered using Protargol staining.

Because of its bactericidal properties it was used to treat gonorrhea before the discovery of antibiotics. The inventor of the first silver protein formulation was Arthur Eichengrün, a German chemist working for Bayer. It was introduced for therapeutic use in 1897.
Kemback
Kemback (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Bac) is a village and parish in Fife, Scotland, located 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Cupar. The present village was developed in the 19th century to house those working the flax mills on the nearby Ceres Burn. From 1681 the minister for the parish was Alexander Edward, until 1689 when he was deprived as a non-juror. He went on to become an architect and landscape architect, working on schemes for Brechin Castle and Hamilton Palace.

The civil parish has a population of 558 (in 2011).

Cupar
Cupar (/ˈkuːpər/ listenⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Cùbar) is a town, former royal burgh and parish in Fife, Scotland. It lies between Dundee and Glenrothes. According to a 2011 population estimate, Cupar had a population around 9,000, making it the ninth-largest settlement in Fife, and the civil parish a population of 11,183 (in 2011). It is the historic county town of Fife, although the council now sits at Glenrothes.
Sabatinca
Sabatinca is a genus of small primitive metallic moths in the family Micropterigidae. Palaeomicra and Micropardalis were both established as subgenera of Sabatinca, but were both raised to generic level by Joël Minet in 1985. However, in 2014 both these genera, Palaeomicra and Micropardalis, were recognised by George Gibbs as synonyms of Sabatinca. Extinct species in this genus are known from the Cretaceous Burmese amber.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
History of ethanol fuel in Brazil
The history of ethanol fuel in Brazil dates from the 1970s and relates to Brazil's sugarcane-based ethanol fuel program, which allowed the country to become the world's second largest producer of ethanol, and the world's largest exporter.  Several important political and technological developments led Brazil to become the world leader in the sustainable use of bioethanol, and a policy model for other developing countries in the tropical zone of Latin America, the Caribbean, and Africa. Government policies and technological advances also allowed the country to achieve a landmark in ethanol consumption, when ethanol retail sales surpassed 50% market share of the gasoline-powered vehicle fleet in early 2008. This level of ethanol fuel consumption had only been reached in Brazil once before, at the peak of the Pró-Álcool Program near the end of the 1980s.

Cosan
Cosan S.A. is a public-listed company, a Brazilian conglomerate producer of bioethanol, sugar and energy. The company operates in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia. They also operate in the United Kingdom under the brand name Moove, manufacturing and supplying Mobil Lubricants, Greases, Cutting Fluids, Coolants and Aerosols.
Charles Vincent Walker
Charles Vincent Walker FRS (20 March 1812 – 24 December 1882) was an English electrical engineer and publisher, a major influence on the development of railway telecommunications, he was also the first person to send a submarine telegraph signal.

Royal Meteorological Society
The Royal Meteorological Society is an organization that promotes academic and public engagement in weather and climate science. Fellows of the Society must possess relevant qualifications, but Members can be lay enthusiasts. It publishes various journals, including the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. The chief executive officer is Liz Bentley.
Nikita Yefremov
Nikita Mikhailovich Yefremov (Russian: Никита Михайлович Ефремов; born 30 May 1988) is a Russian theatre actor, voice acting and dubbing actor, known for his roles in television series Londongrad (2015), The Thaw (2013) and in the film Cinderella (2012). He is a son of Mikhail Yefremov and a grandson of Oleg Yefremov.

Moscow Art Theatre School
Moscow Art Theatre School (Russian: Школа-студия МХАТ, romanized: Shkola-studiya MKhAT) is the studio school of the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre. It is a state educational institution that has existed since 1943. The initiator of the studio school was Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko.

Open three faculties —  the cast (training —  4 years, the competition —  30 per place), staging (training —  5 years, the contest —  3 persons per place) and Producer (training —  5 years, the competition — 4 persons per place). Form of study —  full-time.
Jack Cleary (rower)
Jack Cleary (born 8 August 1995) is an Australian representative rower. He is an Australian national champion, has represented at world championships and is an Olympic medallist. He raced in the Australian men's quad scull at Tokyo 2021 to a bronze medal.

World Rowing Cup
The World Rowing Cup is an international rowing competition organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation). It began in 1997 and comprises three regattas (apart from in 2001 when there were four) held throughout early summer.  In each event points are awarded to the top seven finishing boats and an overall winner determined after the last world cup regatta each year.  During the regattas the current leader in each event must wear yellow bibs. The World Rowing Cup has only been staged outside Europe on 3 occasions, in 2001 Princeton and in both 2013 and 2014 Sydney.