hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Contact (Mad Heads album)
Contact is the fourth album from the Ukrainian psychobilly band Mad Heads. It was released in Ukraine and in Germany and it was the first album consisting only of Ukrainian and Russian language songs.

Lyrics of songs "Не По пути" (Ne Po Puti) and "Не Чекай" (Ne Cheakay) by Shtoyko Kostyantin.

The tracks "Не Чекай" (Ne Cheakay), "Не По пути" (Ne Po Puti), "Отрута"(Otruta) and "Вженема" (VzeNema) appeared on  the Ukraine-released compilation album Naykrascha Myt.

Naykrascha Myt
Naykrascha Myt is a compilation album from the Ukrainian ska-punk band Mad Heads XL . This release was dedicated to the 15-year history of Mad Heads and Mad Heads XL bands. It was released in Ukraine and included one new track "Naykrascha Myt".

The album consisted of a cover song of Don't Worry, Be Happy by Bobby McFerrin with lyrics translated into Ukrainian.
English-language press of the Socialist Party of America
This is a list of newspapers and magazines in the United States owned by, or editorially supportive of, the Socialist Party of America (SPA, established 1901).

Also included are papers associated with the direct predecessors of the SPA — the Social Democratic Party of America with headquarters in Chicago (split from the Social Democracy of America in 1898) and the Social Democratic Party of America with headquarters in Springfield, Massachusetts (split from the Socialist Labor Party of America in 1899).

The format is: (1) Title, (2) place of publication, (3) publisher, (4) (dates).

Dates indicated are the years the papers were known to be in press and allied with the Socialist Party, not necessarily all years of publication.

Duncan, Oklahoma
Duncan is a city in and the county seat of Stephens County, Oklahoma, United States. Its population was 22,310 at the 2020 census. Centrally located in Stephens County, Duncan became the county seat after Oklahoma achieved statehood in 1907. Oil wells opened in Stephens County in 1918 and led to rapid development. Cotton was a dominant crop until the Dust Bowl brought its decline, but cattle remain an important part of the economy. The Chisholm Trail passed to the east of Duncan prior to the town's founding, which is home to the Chisholm Trail Heritage Center.

Duncan is the birthplace of the Halliburton Corporation. Erle P. Halliburton established the New Method Oil Well Cementing Company in 1919. Halliburton maintains seven different complexes in Duncan plus an employee recreational park, but the corporate offices relocated first to Dallas and later to Houston.
Biomedical text mining
Biomedical text mining (including biomedical natural language processing or BioNLP) refers to the methods and study of how text mining may be applied to texts and literature of the biomedical domain. As a field of research, biomedical text mining incorporates ideas from natural language processing, bioinformatics, medical informatics and computational linguistics. The strategies in this field have been applied to the biomedical literature available through services such as PubMed.

In recent years, the scientific literature has shifted to electronic publishing but the volume of information available can be overwhelming. This revolution of publishing has caused a high demand for text mining techniques. Text mining offers information retrieval (IR) and entity recognition (ER). IR allows the retrieval of relevant papers according to the topic of interest, e.g. through PubMed. ER is practiced when certain biological terms are recognized (e.g. proteins or genes) for further processing.

Unified Medical Language System
The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is a compendium of many controlled vocabularies in the biomedical sciences (created 1986). It provides a mapping structure among these vocabularies and thus allows one to translate among the various terminology systems; it may also be viewed as a comprehensive thesaurus and ontology of biomedical concepts. UMLS further provides facilities for natural language processing. It is intended to be used mainly by developers of systems in medical informatics.

UMLS consists of Knowledge Sources (databases) and a set of software tools.

The UMLS was designed and is maintained by the US National Library of Medicine, is updated quarterly and may be used for free. The project was initiated in 1986 by Donald A.B. Lindberg, M.D., then Director of the Library of Medicine, and directed by Betsy Humphreys.
Girls' War
The Girls' War is the name given to fighting on the beach at Russell, New Zealand, then known as Kororāreka, in March 1830 between the northern and southern hapū (subtribe) within the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe).

New Zealand Electronic Text Collection
The New Zealand Electronic Text Collection (NZETC; Māori: Te Pūhikotuhi o Aotearoa) is a freely accessible online archive of New Zealand and Pacific Islands texts and heritage materials that are held by the Victoria University of Wellington Library. It was named the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre until October 2012.

At the beginning of 2012 the collection contained over 1,600 texts (around 65,000 pages) and received over 10,000 visits each day. It is one of two similar collections of older New Zealand publications that have been digitised, the other being the Early New Zealand Books collection from the University of Auckland Library.

The New Zealand Electronic Text Collection was transferred from Victoria University of Wellington to the National Library of New Zealand on 2 July 2024. The National Library makes it available in its web archive.
Georgy Rerberg
Georgy Ivanovich Rerberg (Russian: Георгий Иванович Рерберг, September 28, 1937, Moscow, Soviet Union, – July 28, 1999, Moscow, Russia) was a Soviet cinematographer.

He is known for his work on Andrey Tarkovsky's Mirror.  He was initially the cinematographer for Andrey Tarkovsky's film Stalker but was later replaced by Alexander Knyazhinsky.

Rerberg's notable portfolio of two dozen films includes works by world-renowned Russian directors such as Andrei Konchalovsky, Andrei Tarkovsky, Igor Talankin, Sergei Solovyov, Ivan Dykhovichny, and Abderrahmane Sissako.

Georgy Rerberg was the grandson of the Russian civil engineer and architect Ivan Rerberg.

Igor Talankin
Igor Vasilyevich Talankin (Russian: И́горь Васи́льевич Тала́нкин; 3 October 1927 – 24 July 2010) was a Soviet and Russian film director and screenwriter. His film Splendid Days (1960, co-directed with Georgiy Daneliya) won the Crystal Globe (the main award) at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, and Tchaikovsky (1969) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
Dustie Waring
Robert Dustie Waring (born January 31, 1985) is an American guitarist. He is known as the former guitarist for the progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me. He is also a guitarist for the deathcore band Glass Casket. Waring joined Between the Buried and Me along with Glass Casket bandmate Blake Richardson, replacing Shane Blay as rhythm guitarist.

Blake Richardson (drummer)
Cartland Blake Richardson is the drummer for American progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me, as well as the drummer for Glass Casket. Joining in early 2005, Richardson replaced Between the Buried and Me's former drummer Jason Roe.
41st Infantry Division "Firenze"
The 41st Infantry Division "Firenze" (Italian: 41ª Divisione di fanteria "Firenze") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Firenze was formed on 15 September 1939 in Florence (Italian: Firenze) and named for the city. The division recruited primarily in Tuscany. After the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943 the division resisted German attempts to disbanded it and on 28 September 1943 the division dissolved itself and formed partisan formations, which joined the Albanian National Liberation Army.

Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy
The Military ranks of the Kingdom of Italy were the military insignia used by the Italian Armed Forces when Italy was the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946). During the World Wars, the Carabinieri, as the then-most senior corps of the Army, wore similar insignia to those used by the rest of the service.
Deaths in July 2025
The following is a list of notable deaths in July 2025.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

2025 Midtown Manhattan shooting
On July 28, 2025, a mass shooting occurred at 345 Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, United States. The incident began at 6:28 p.m. EDT (UTC–4). A gunman identified as 27-year-old Shane Devon Tamura, wearing body armor, fired an AR-15–style rifle inside the building killing four people, including a New York City police officer who was off-duty and working as security. Tamura committed suicide after barricading himself on the 33rd floor of the building. The mass shooting is the deadliest in New York City since the 2000 Wendy's massacre in Queens. The perpetrator's motive is being investigated by police.
Woman Sesame Oil Maker
Woman Sesame Oil Maker (Chinese: 香魂女; pinyin: Xiāng hún nǚ) is a 1993 Chinese film. In the English speaking world it has been released in the United Kingdom under the title Women from the Lake of Scented Souls (the more literal translation) and more recently on DVD as Woman Sesame Oil Maker.  It is adapted from a novel by Zhou Daxin, "The Fragrant Oil Mill by the Lake of Scented Souls" (香魂塘畔的香油坊).

The film is adapted and directed by Xie Fei and tells the story of a woman in a small village in Hebei who runs a small sesame oil business that becomes unexpectedly successful, but who then uses her money to buy for her mentally disabled son a peasant bride.

The film won the Golden Bear for Best Film at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival in 1993, a prize it shared with Ang Lee's The Wedding Banquet.

Golden Bear
The Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival and is, along with the Palme d'Or and the Golden Lion, widely considered among the most prestigious film festival awards. The bear is the heraldic animal of Berlin, featured on both the coat of arms and flag of Berlin.
Kleiner Wurzelnberg
The Kleiner Wurzelnberg hill rises to a height of 610 m above NN in the Harz mountains of Germany, 3.7 km northeast of Sieber in the district of Göttingen in Lower Saxony. It forms a rounded summit (Kuppe) on one of the ridges running south of the Acker which acts as the watershed between the Verlorene Kulmke and the Kleine Kulmke. The Großer Wurzelnberg is located 750 metres further east on the other side of the valley of the Kleine Kulmke.

Göttingen (district)
Göttingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡœtɪŋən] ⓘ) is a district (German: Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the districts of Northeim and Goslar, and by the states of Thuringia (district of Eichsfeld) and Hesse (districts of Werra-Meißner and Kassel, and the district-free city of Kassel). The capital is the university city of Göttingen.
Gevrey class
In mathematics, the Gevrey classes on a domain , introduced by Maurice Gevrey, are spaces of functions 'between' the space of analytic functions  and the space of smooth (infinitely differentiable) functions . In particular, for , the Gevrey class , consists of those smooth functions  such that for every compact subset  there exists a constant , depending only on , such that

Where  denotes the partial derivative of order  (see multi-index notation).

When ,  coincides with the class of analytic functions , but for  there are compactly supported functions in the class that are not identically zero (an impossibility in ). It is in this sense that they interpolate between  and . The Gevrey classes find application in discussing the smoothness of solutions to certain partial differential equations: Gevrey originally formulated the definition while investigating the homogeneous heat equation, whose solutions are in .

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Overton Hill
Overton Hill is a 571 ft (174 m) hill at the southern edge of the Marlborough Downs in Wiltshire, England.  It lies just west of the village of West Overton and about 4 miles (6 km) west from the town of Marlborough. The A4 road passes close to the north, and to the south is the River Kennet.

The hill is notable for being the start point of the Ridgeway National Trail, which follows an ancient trackway. There several scheduled archaeological sites including several round barrows (burial mounds) on it, and the site of an Iron Age wooden circle known as The Sanctuary, indicating human activity for thousands of years. The hill is part of the Avebury section of the Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site.

Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) in Wiltshire, England. The WHS covers two large areas of land separated by about 24 kilometres (15 mi), rather than a specific monument or building. The sites were inscribed as co-listings in 1986. Some large and well known monuments within the WHS are listed below, but the area also has an exceptionally high density of small-scale archaeological sites, particularly from the prehistoric period. More than 700 individual archaeological features have been identified. There are 160 separate scheduled monuments, covering 415 items or features.
2025 Dockerty Cup
The 2025 Dockerty Cup was the 100th edition of the Dockerty Cup, an annual soccer knockout-cup competition held between men's clubs in Victoria. A total of 218 clubs from the Victorian soccer league system competed.

South Melbourne won the Dockerty Cup for the tenth time, defeating Heidelberg United 2–1 in the final held on 9 August 2025.

The competition also served as qualifying rounds for the Australia Cup. In addition to the three Victorian A-League clubs, the four preliminary Round 7 winners qualified for the final rounds of the 2025 Australia Cup, entering at the Round of 32.

Dockerty Cup
The Dockerty Cup is an annual soccer knock-out competition open to all Victorian clubs across the state's football league system. The tournament is named after Harry Dockerty, an early pioneer of soccer in Victoria.

Since 2014, the Dockerty Cup is also a qualifying competition for the Australia Cup (formerly known as the FFA Cup), where the four finalists enter the competition proper at the round of 32. The Dockerty Cup winner also qualifies to the following season's FV Community Shield in a one-off match against the reigning NPL Victoria champion.
Buddhism and Western philosophy
Buddhist thought and Western philosophy include several parallels.

In antiquity, the Greek philosopher Pyrrho traveled with Alexander the Great's army on its conquest of India (327 to 325 BCE) and based his philosophy of Pyrrhonism on what he learned there. Christopher I. Beckwith has identified a translation of the Buddhist three marks of existence in Pyrrho's teachings.

In the modern era, a few European thinkers such as Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche engaged with Buddhist thought. Likewise, in Asian nations with Buddhist populations, there were also attempts to bring the insights of Western thought to Buddhist philosophy, as can be seen in the rise of Buddhist modernism.

After WWII spread of Buddhism to the West scholarly interest arose in a comparative, cross-cultural approach between Eastern and Western philosophy.  Much of this work is now published in academic journals such as Philosophy East and West.

Anattā
In Buddhism, the term anattā (Pali: 𑀅𑀦𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸) is the doctrine of "non-self" – that no unchanging, permanent self exists, and is the absence of essence in any phenomenon.  While often interpreted as a doctrine denying the existence of a self, anatman is more accurately described as a strategy to attain non-attachment by recognizing everything as impermanent, while staying silent on the ultimate existence of an unchanging essence. In contrast, dominant schools of Hinduism assert the existence of Ātman as pure awareness or witness-consciousness,  "reify[ing] consciousness as an eternal self".
Balarambati railway station
Balarambati railway station is on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord and is located in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The station is 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Howrah on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line and is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system.

Howrah–Barddhaman chord line
The Howrah–Barddhaman chord line is a broad-gauge rail line connecting Howrah and Bardhaman. The 95-kilometre-long (59 mi) railway line operates in Howrah,  Hooghly and Purba Bardhaman districts in the state of West Bengal. It is part of the Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line, Howrah–Delhi main line, Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai line and the Kolkata Suburban Railway system.
Chong Pang Camp
1°25′55.75″N 103°49′30.95″E﻿ / ﻿1.4321528°N 103.8252639°E﻿ / 1.4321528; 103.8252639
Chong Pang Camp is located in the northern side of Singapore, within Sembawang Air Base and opposite Chong Pang City in Yishun. Established in 2002, the camp is operated by the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF).

The camp houses elements from Air Defence Operations Command (HQ ADOC, 165 Squadron, 809 and 819 Squadrons and 9 Air Engineering and Logistics Group) and Participation Command (HQ PC, 3DA, 6/9 DA and 18 DA Battalions, 105 Squadron and 1 Medical Squadron).

The camp was originally known as the Air Defence Systems Division (ADSD) complex. There still exists a road sign along Sembawang Road with this name. The elements were then transferred to Air Defence Operations Command (ADOC) in early 2007, and later, 3 Battalions were transferred to Participation Command (PC) in August that year.

Chong Pang
Chong Pang  (Chinese: 忠邦城; pinyin: zhōng bāng chéng) is a housing estate located in the subzone of Yishun West along the Sembawang–Yishun boundary in the town of Yishun, Singapore. It was named after the former Chong Pang village. It has precincts of Neighbourhood 1, part of Neighbourhood 7 and private residential areas along Sembawang Road.
Julie Talma
Julie Talma, born Louise-Julie Careau (8 January 1756 – 5 May 1805), was a French dancer at the Paris Opera who became a courtesan in the years before the French Revolution. She had three sons by three different fathers. She used the gifts from her protectors to make a small fortune in real estate speculation. She married the well-known tragic actor François-Joseph Talma a few days before giving birth to twin sons. Her husband was unfaithful and ruined her. They separated and eventually divorced. Julie Talma was charming, intelligent, strong-willed, rational and a firm republican. She held an influential salon before and during the revolution and at the start of Napoleon's rise to power, and became a close friend of Benjamin Constant. Their lengthy correspondence has been preserved.

Comédie-Française
The Comédie-Française (French: [kɔmedi fʁɑ̃sɛːz] ⓘ), or Théâtre-Français (French: [teɑtʁ(ə) fʁɑ̃sɛ] ⓘ), is a state theatre in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is one of the few in the nation and the only to have its own permanent troupe of actors. The company's primary venue is the Salle Richelieu, a part of the Palais-Royal complex located at 2 Rue de Richelieu on Place André-Malraux in the 1st arrondissement of Paris.

The theatre has also been known as the Théâtre de la République, and popularly as "La Maison de Molière" (The House of Molière). It acquired the latter name from the troupe of its best-known playwright, Molière, considered the patron of French actors. He died seven years before his troupe became known as the Comédie-Française, but the company continued to be known as "La Maison de Molière" even after the official change of name.
London Mills, Illinois
London Mills is a village in Fulton and Knox counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 350 at the 2020 census.

The Fulton County portion of London Mills is part of the Canton Micropolitan Statistical Area and the wider Peoria Consolidated Statistical Area, while the Knox County portion is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Galesburg, Illinois
Galesburg is a city in Knox County, Illinois, United States. The city is 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Peoria. At the 2020 census, its population was 30,052. Galesburg is the home of Knox College, a private four-year liberal arts college, and Carl Sandburg College, a community college named for native-born poet Carl Sandburg.

Galesburg is the county seat of Knox County and the principal city of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Knox and Warren counties. A 496-acre (201 ha) section of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Galesburg Historic District.
Watershed Trail
The Watershed Trail is a 1.3-mile-long (2.1 km) rail trail in Edwardsville, Illinois, that follows an old section of Illinois Terminal Railroad tracks.

The eastern end of the trail is near downtown Edwardsville at West High Street just west of North 2nd Street. For much of its length, Watershed Trail follows along the south border of the Watershed Nature Center, a 40-acre (16 ha) protected wetland habitat in Edwardsville. The western end of the trail is at the junction with the Madison County Transit Goshen Trail. This intersection is near the Cahokia Creek Bridge, a Warren deck truss structure that sits at least 40 feet (12 m) above Cahokia Creek.

Watershed Trail is owned and maintained by Madison County Transit.

Madison County Transit
Madison County Transit (MCT) is a public transit operator that serves Madison County, Illinois, a suburban county northeast of St. Louis. Its services include bus, microtransit, paratransit, and a "rails to trails" network. In 2024, the system had an annual ridership of 1,681,400, or about 5,600 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
Special Tactical Operation and Rescue Team of Malaysia
The STORM (backronym: Special Tactical Operation and Rescue Team of Malaysia; Malay: Pasukan Khas Operasi, Taktikal dan Penyelamat Malaysia) is a specialised firefighter unit within the Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia. They are one of the special rescue team of the department and also a component of the Rapid Deployment Forces.

STORM, along with Smoke Jumper and Special Air Unit (PASKUB), is regarded as the most elite rescue units in the Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia (FRDM). STORM firefighters are often called upon for high-stakes rescue missions and representing Malaysia in international rescue competitions.

Fire and Rescue Academy of Malaysia
The Fire and Rescue Academy of Malaysia (Abbr.: FRAM; Malay: Akademi Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia) is a tertiary education institution in Malaysia that specialises in fire and safety education and training. The Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia manages the academy, and enrollment is open to the general public. The institution offers education up through the advanced diploma level. FRAM has five campuses located around Malaysia.