hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yoshihiro Nakao
Yoshihiro Nakao (Japanese: 中尾芳広, Nakao Yoshihiro) (born June 25, 1972) is a Japanese semi-retired professional mixed martial artist and former K-1 kickboxer and PRIDE FC fighter  who has defeated the likes of Don Frye, Choi Mu-Bae, Jim York, Wesley Correira and Edson Draggo. Nakao is a World Victory Road veteran and signed a contract with DREAM in 2011 before the promotion closed in mid-2012. Nakao lost to Antônio Silva at World Victory Road Presents: Sengoku Rebellion 2009 after suffering an ACL injury as a result of a leg kick from Silva in the first round. Nakao most recently fought Dave Herman at Sengoku: Soul of Fight, losing by unanimous decision. In 2012 Nakao has decided to briefly retire from mixed martial arts to let some of his recent injuries heal and focus on family more. Nakao earned the nickname "kiss" after he kissed Heath Herring on the lips and was subsequently knocked out by Herring before their fight even began at K-1 PREMIUM 2005 Dynamite!!.

Choi Mu-bae
Choi Mu-bae (Korean: 최무배, born June 27, 1970), often anglicised  to Mu-bae Choi, is a South Korean former Heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestler and professional mixed martial artist. A professional since 2004, he has competed for World Victory Road, the PRIDE Fighting Championships, K-1 Hero's, and Pancrase. He holds notable victories over UFC veterans Soa Palelei and Dave Herman.
Virtium
Virtium Solid State Storage and Memory (formerly known as Virtium Technology) is a privately held American company that manufactures semiconductor memory and solid-state disk (SSD) products for data storage in industrial/machine-to-machine designs, embedded systems, including small-footprint designs, and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. The company's primary markets of focus include defense, industrial systems, network communications, and transportation. The name Virtium is derived from the word virtue.

SATA
SATA (Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. Serial ATA succeeded the earlier Parallel ATA (PATA) standard to become the predominant interface for storage devices.

Serial ATA industry compatibility specifications originate from the Serial ATA International Organization (SATA-IO) which are then released by the INCITS Technical Committee T13, AT Attachment (INCITS T13).
The Sundering
The Sundering refers to two events that occurred in the fictional timeline of the Forgotten Realms campaign setting of the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. It is also the title of both a series of novels published by Wizards of the Coast and a multimedia project Wizards of the Coast used to transition Dungeons & Dragons from 4th Edition to 5th Edition. This project explored the Second Sundering story and included the aforementioned book series, the free-to-play mobile game Arena of War developed by DeNA and an adventure series for the 4th Edition D&D Encounters program.

Devil (Dungeons & Dragons)
A devil, also referred to as a baatezu, is a member of a group of fictional creatures in the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) roleplaying game typically presented as formidable opponents for advanced players. Devils are characterized by their Lawful Evil alignment and are depicted as originating from the Nine Hells of Baator. They follow a strict and hierarchical structure, progressing through various forms as they rise in rank. At the top of this hierarchy are the Archdevils, also known as the Lords of the Nine, who govern different regions within Baator. Devils are often portrayed as seeing the various worlds in the D&D universe as tools to be exploited for their objectives, such as participating in the Blood War—a centuries-long conflict against demons.
Title 27 of the United States Code
Title 27 of the United States Code outlines the role of intoxicating liquors in the United States Code.

27 U.S.C. ch. 1—General Provisions

27 U.S.C. ch. 2—Prohibition of Intoxicating Beverages

27 U.S.C. ch. 2A—Beer, Ale, Porter, and Similar Fermented Liquor

27 U.S.C. ch. 3—Industrial Alcohol

27 U.S.C. ch. 4—Penalties

27 U.S.C. ch. 5—Prohibition Reorganization Act of 1930

27 U.S.C. ch. 6—Transportation in Interstate Commerce

27 U.S.C. ch. 7—Liquor Law Repeal and Enforcement Act

27 U.S.C. ch. 8—Federal Alcohol Administration Act

27 U.S.C. ch. 9—Liquor Enforcement Act of 1936

United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.
Wad (mineral)
Wad is an old mining term for any black manganese oxide or hydroxide mineral-rich rock in the oxidized zone of various ore deposits. Typically closely associated with various iron oxides. Specific mineral varieties include pyrolusite, lithiophorite, nsutite, takanelite and vernadite. Wad can be considered to be the manganese equivalent to the iron mineraloid limonite.

Birnessite
Birnessite (nominally MnO2·nH2O), also known as δ-MnO2, is a hydrous manganese dioxide mineral with a chemical formula of Na0.7Ca0.3Mn7O14·2.8H2O. It is the main manganese mineral species at the Earth's surface, and commonly occurs as fine-grained, poorly crystallized aggregates in soils, sediments, grain and rock coatings (e.g., desert varnish), and marine ferromanganese nodules and crusts. It was discovered at Birness, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
Black lesbian literature in the United States
Black lesbian literature is a subgenre of lesbian literature and African American literature that focuses on the experiences of black lesbians. The genre features poetry and fiction about black lesbian characters as well as non-fiction essays which address issues faced by black lesbians. Figures within the genre include Ann Allen Shockley, Audre Lorde, Cheryl Clarke, and Barbara Smith.

Black lesbian literature is characterized by its central focus on black women's experiences as they are shaped by interlocking systems of oppression like racism, sexism, homophobia, and class discrimination.

Bisexual literature
Bisexual literature is literature that addresses or portrays bisexuality or biromanticism. This includes characters, plot lines, and/or themes portraying bisexual behavior or bisexuality.

Fiction that falls into this category may be of any genre, such as historical fiction, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and romance.
State (computer science)
In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system.

The set of states a system can occupy is known as its state space. In a discrete system, the state space is countable and often finite. The system's internal behaviour or interaction with its environment consists of separately occurring individual actions or events, such as accepting input or producing output, that may or may not cause the system to change its state. Examples of such systems are digital logic circuits and components, automata and formal language, computer programs, and computers.

The output of a digital circuit or deterministic computer program at any time is completely determined by its current inputs and its state.

Information hiding
In computer science, information hiding is the principle of segregation of the design decisions in a computer program that are most likely to change, thus protecting other parts of the program from extensive modification if the design decision is changed. The protection involves providing a stable interface which protects the remainder of the program from the implementation (whose details are likely to change). Written in another way, information hiding is the ability to prevent certain aspects of a class or software component from being accessible to its clients, using either programming language features (like private variables) or an explicit exporting policy.
Health of Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans are affected by noncommunicable illnesses related to social changes and contemporary eating habits. Increasing rates of obesity, poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, and social isolation affect many Americans. While subject to the same illnesses, Native Americans have higher morbidity and mortality to diabetes and cardiovascular disease as well as certain forms of cancer. Social and historical factors tend to promote unhealthy behaviors including suicide and alcohol dependence. Reduced access to health care in Native American communities means that these diseases as well as infections affect more people for longer periods of time.

Disease model of addiction
The disease model of addiction describes an addiction as a disease with genetic, biological, neurological or environmental origin.  The traditional medical model of disease requires only an abnormal condition causing distress, discomfort or dysfunction to an affected individual. The contemporary medical model partly attributes addiction to changes in the brain's mesolimbic pathway.  The model also considers these diseases as a result of other biological, psychological or sociological entities, despite an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms. The common biomolecular mechanisms underlying addiction – CREB and ΔFosB – were reviewed by Eric J. Nestler in a 2013 review. Genetics and mental disorders may precipitate the severity of a drug addiction. It is estimated that 50% of healthy individuals developing an addiction can trace the cause to genetic factors.
Telih
Telih (Persian: تليه, also Romanized as Telīh; also known as Teliab) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, it had a total population of 38 people, in 8 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
Fukuhoku Yutaka Line
The Fukuhoku Yutaka Line (Japanese: 福北ゆたか線, Hepburn: Fukuhoku-Yutaka-sen) is a service name used by the Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) for a train service in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The service operates over three different railway lines, covering a distance of 61.4 kilometres (38.2 mi) between Kurosaki Station and Hakata Station.

The Fukuhoku Yutaka Line operates over the following railway lines:

Chikuhō Main Line, between Orio Station and Keisen Station – 34.5 kilometres (21.4 mi)

Sasaguri Line, between Keisen Station and Yoshizuka Station – 25.1 kilometres (15.6 mi)

Kagoshima Main Line, between Yoshizuka Station and Hakata Station – 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi)

Kagoshima Main Line
The Kagoshima Main Line (鹿児島本線, Kagoshima-honsen) is a major railway line operated by the Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) between Mojikō in Kitakyushu, and Kagoshima Station in Kagoshima City, at the southern end of Kyushu. Until March 13, 2004, it extended 393 km (244 mi) between its two termini; however, with the opening of the Kyushu Shinkansen on March 13, the section between Yatsushiro and Sendai was transferred to the third-sector Hisatsu Orange Railway Company. The line is an important line in Kyushu, connecting Fukuoka (Hakata Station) to many other major cities. It is the main line through the Fukuoka urban district, and as such many long-distance express trains from all parts of Kyushu use the section between Kokura Station (Kitakyushu) and Tosu Station, where the Nagasaki Main Line meets the Kagoshima Main Line.
Papiamento orthography
Papiamento has two standardised orthographies, one used on the island of Aruba and the other on the islands of Curaçao and Bonaire. The Aruban orthography is more etymological in nature, while the other is more phonemic. Among the differences between the two standards, one obvious difference is the way the name of the language is written. In Aruba it is written Papiamento, while in Curaçao and Bonaire it is written Papiamentu. The governments of Curaçao and Aruba formally standardised orthographic rules in 1976 and 1977, respectively.

Papiamento
Papiamento (English:  /ˌpæpiəˈmɛntoʊ, ˌpɑː-/) or Papiamentu (English: /-tuː/; Dutch: Papiaments [ˌpaːpijaːˈmɛnts]) is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken in the Dutch Caribbean. It is the most widely spoken language on Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao (ABC islands).

The language, spelled Papiamento in Aruba and Papiamentu in Bonaire and Curaçao, is largely based on Portuguese as spoken in the 15th and 16th centuries, and has been influenced considerably by Dutch and Spanish. Due to lexical similarities between Portuguese and Spanish, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact origin of some words. Though there are different theories about its origins, most linguists now believe that Papiamento emerged from the Portuguese-based creole languages of the West African coasts, as it has many similarities with Cape Verdean Creole and Guinea-Bissau Creole.
Active object
The active object design pattern decouples method execution from method invocation for objects that each reside in their own thread of control. The goal is to introduce concurrency, by using asynchronous method invocation and a scheduler for handling requests.

The pattern consists of six elements:

A proxy, which provides an interface towards clients with publicly accessible methods.

An interface which defines the method request on an active object.

A list of pending requests from clients.

A scheduler, which decides which request to execute next.

The implementation of the active object method.

A callback or variable for the client to receive the result.

Proxy pattern
In computer programming, the proxy pattern is a software design pattern which it's a class functioning as an interface to something else. The proxy could interface to anything: a network connection, a large object in memory, a file, or some other resource that is expensive or impossible to duplicate. In short, a proxy is a wrapper or agent object that is being called by the client to access the real serving object behind the scenes. Use of the proxy can simply be forwarding to the real object, or can provide additional logic. In the proxy, extra functionality can be provided, for example caching when operations on the real object are resource intensive, or checking preconditions before operations on the real object are invoked. For the client, usage of a proxy object is similar to using the real object, because both implement the same interface.
Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah
Sidi Badr, later known by his regnal name Shams ad-Dīn Muẓaffar Shāh (Persian: شمس الدین مظفر شاه, Bengali: শামসউদ্দীন মোজাফফর শাহ), was the Sultan of Bengal from 1491 to 1493. Described by the Indo-Persian historians as a tyrant, his cruelty was said to have alienated the nobles as well as his common subjects.

Siddi
The Siddi (pronounced [sɪdːiː]), also known as the Sheedi, Sidi, or Siddhi, are an ethnic group living in Pakistan and India. They are primarily descended from the Bantu peoples of the Zanj coast in Southeast Africa, most of whom came to the Indian subcontinent through the Indian Ocean slave trade. Others arrived as merchants, sailors, indentured servants, and mercenaries.
John Wells (college president)
John W. Wells (born July 18, 1969) is an American college president and administrator. He is the 24th president of Young Harris College in Young Harris, Georgia invested in January, 2025. He previously served as President of Emory & Henry University from 2019 through 2024.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Lanjeth
Lanjeth (Cornish: Nansyergh, meaning valley of roe deer) is a village near St Austell in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the civil parish of St Stephen-in-Brannel.

Its neighbouring smaller villages are St. Stephen, Foxhole, Trewoon, Sticker and Coombe. The A3058 road passes through the village. There is a park and allotments.

Foxhole, Cornwall
Foxhole (Cornish: Tollowarn) is a village in mid Cornwall, England, in the United Kingdom. It lies within the parish of St Stephen-in-Brannel, and has a primary school.

Foxhole lies on the B3279 road between St Austell and Newquay and is contiguous with the neighbouring village of Carpalla, home to a china clay pit.
Shumashti language
Shumashti – also known as Shumasht – is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in eastern Afghanistan. It is spoken in parts of Kunar Province: on the western side of the Kunar Valley between Jalalabad and the Pech Valley. The number of speakers was estimated at 1,000 in 1994.

It has been influenced by the Northeast Pashai languages, and it is related to the Grangali language, with which it shares about a third of its basic vocabulary, and to Gawar-Bati, with which it has about half of its basic lexis in common.

Gawar-Bati language
Gawar-Bati or Narsati is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Chitral region of northern Pakistan, and across the border in Afghanistan. It is also known as Aranduyiwar in Chitral because it is spoken in Arandu, which is the last village in lower Chitral and is also across the border from Berkot in Afghanistan. There are about 9,000 speakers of Gawar-Bati, with 1,500 in Pakistan, and 7,500 in Afghanistan. The name Gawar-Bati means "speech of the Gawar", a people detailed by the Cacopardos in their study of the Hindu Kush.
Momeik
Momeik (Burmese: မိုးမိတ်; Shan: မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ), also known as Möng Mit or Mongmit, is a town on the Shweli River in northern Shan State, Myanmar. It is the capital of Mongmit District and the principal town of Mongmit Township.

Ta'ang National Liberation Army
The Ta'ang National Liberation Army (Burmese: တအာင်း အမျိုးသား လွတ်မြောက်ရေး တပ်မတော်; abbreviated TNLA) is a political organization and armed group in Myanmar. It is the armed wing of the Palaung State Liberation Front (PSLF).
Torviscosa
Torviscosa (Friulian: Tor di Zuin, locally Il Tor) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Udine.

The municipality of Torviscosa contains the frazione (borough) of Malisana.

Torviscosa borders the following municipalities: Bagnaria Arsa, Cervignano del Friuli, Gonars, Grado, Porpetto, San Giorgio di Nogaro, Terzo d'Aquileia.

Cervignano del Friuli
Cervignano del Friuli (Friulian: Çarvignan, locally Sarvignan; Latin: Cervenianum; Slovene: Červinjan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. It is the most important town of Bassa Friulana. It lies at about 12 kilometres (7 mi) from the Laguna di Grado and at about 18 kilometres (11 mi) from the Adriatic Sea; from the point of view of viability, its position is peculiar since it lies at the junction of the SS14, linking Venice to Trieste, and the SS352, linking Udine to Grado. Nevertheless, it is in Cervignano that the railroad from Austria, passing through Tarvisio and Udine, ends, and is linked to the one from Venice to Trieste. Its frazione (borough) of Strassoldo is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Mary and John Gray Library
The Mary and John Gray Library is an eight-story University Library for Lamar University and the Lamar Institute of Technology in Beaumont, Texas. The library is part of the Federal Depository Library Program that aims to provide government documents free to the public. The library serves as the university's primary research and study center. Construction began on September 17, 1973 at the ground breaking ceremony. Present at the Ceremony were current Texas Governor Dolph Briscoe and Congressman Jack Brooks who was a Lamar Alumnus. The Ground Breaking took place on the same day as the 50th anniversary of the school. The building was named in honor of Mary and John Gray who served the university their entire lives. The library was officially opened on April 26, 1976. Four floors provide stacks for books and periodicals shelved in Library of Congress classification sequence.

Federal Depository Library Program
The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) is a government program created to make U.S. federal government publications available to the public at no cost. As of April 2021, there are 1,114 depository libraries in the United States and its territories. A "government publication" is defined in the U.S. Code as "informational matter which is published as an individual document at Government expense, or as required by law" (44 U.S.C. 1901).
Montau (mountain)
Montau is a mountain located in the municipal terms of Olesa de Bonesvalls (Alt Penedès) and Begues (Baix Llobregat), Catalonia, Spain. It has an elevation of 657 metres above sea level.

It is the highest point of the Garraf Massif, Catalan Coastal Range, although less conspicuous than La Morella, located closer to the coast. There is a triangulation station at the summit.

La Morella
La Morella or Morella is a mountain located in Begues municipality, Catalonia, Spain. It has an elevation of 593 metres above sea level.

It is the second highest point of the Garraf Massif, Catalan Coastal Range.
Prilep-Bitola dialect
The Prilep-Bitola dialect (Macedonian: Прилепско-битолски дијалект, Prilepsko-bitolski dijalekt) is a member of the central subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. This dialect is spoken in much of the Pelagonia region (more specifically, the Bitola, Prilep, Kruševo and Demir Hisar municipalities), as well as by the Slavic-speaking minority population in and around Florina (Lerin) in neighbouring Greek Macedonia. The Prilep-Bitola dialect, along with other peripheral west-central dialects, provides much of the basis for modern Standard Macedonian. Prestige dialects have developed in the cities of Bitola and Prilep.

Prilep Municipality
Prilep (Macedonian: Прилеп [ˈpriːlɛp] ⓘ) is a municipality in the south of North Macedonia. Prilep is also the name of the city where the municipal seat is found. It is located in the Pelagonia Statistical Region.
Kirkintilloch Basin railway station
Kirkintilloch Basin railway station, also known as Middlemuir Basin railway station served the town of Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire, Scotland, from 1828 to 1846 on the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway.

Kirkintilloch
Kirkintilloch (/ˌkɜːrkɪnˈtɪləx/; Scots: Kirkintulloch; Scottish Gaelic: Cair Cheann Tulaich) is a town and a Burgh of Barony (The Baron of Kirkintilloch) in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It lies on the Forth and Clyde Canal and on the south side of Strathkelvin, about 8 miles (13 km) northeast of central Glasgow. Historically part of Dunbartonshire, the town is the administrative home of East Dunbartonshire council area, its population in 2009 was estimated at 19,700 and its population in 2011 was 19,689.