hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pál Závada
Pál Závada (born 14 December 1954 in Tótkomlós, Hungary) is a Hungarian writer. 
He is a member of the Slovak minority in Hungary, but he writes in Hungarian.

His elder son, Péter Závada, is a poet and rapper of the underground hip-hop duo, Akkezdet Phiai.

Slovaks in Hungary
Slovaks in Hungary (Slovak: Maďarskí Slováci, Hungarian: magyarországi szlovákok or magyarországi tótok) are the fourth largest minority in Hungary, after Romas, Germans and Romanians. According to the Microcensus in 2016, 29,794 Slovaks live in the country. The number of people who can speak the Slovak language is 56,107, but this also includes ethnic Hungarians from Slovakia. According to the estimates of minority organisations, the number of people with Slovak ancestry might be as high as 100,000-110,000. Hence, the estimated population of Slovaks in Hungary ranges from 0.18% to 1.1% of the total population, depending on the criteria.
Grande Soeur
Grande Soeur Island, also called Big Sister, East Sister, is an island in the Seychelles archipelago, Located north of La Digue.
It is part of Iles Soeurs with Petite Soeur. It is a granitic island covered with tropical forests. 
The island is privately owned.

La Digue
La Digue is the third most populated island of the Seychelles, and fourth largest by land area, lying east of Praslin and west of Felicite Island. In size, it is the fourth-largest granitic island of Seychelles after Mahé, Praslin, and Silhouette Island. It has a population of 2,800 people. Most of the inhabitants live in the west coast villages of La Passe (linked by ferry to Praslin and Mahé) and Anse Réunion. There is no airport on La Digue, so to get there from a foreign country, one must fly to Victoria and continue by ferry, usually via Praslin. It has an area of 10.08 km2, making it relatively easy to travel by bike or on foot.

La Digue was named after a ship in the fleet of French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, who visited Seychelles in 1768.
Kamilla Carvalho
Kamilla Carvalho is a Brazilian samba dancer who, in 2018, became the first transgender woman to dance as a muse in Rio de Janeiro's Carnival.

She began parading in carnival at age 14, originally with samba school Vizinha Faladeira. In 2008, she paraded with the samba school Acadêmicos do Salgueiro for the first time, and, in 2017, the head of the school, Regina Celi, invited her to dance as muse in the 2018 parade. Celi was a client of Carvalho's in her profession as a hairdresser. The following year, Carvalho was invited to dance as muse for carnival block Cordão da Bola Preta.

Carvalho underwent four surgeries as part of her transition, beginning at age 22. She legally changed her name after she felt humiliated at being misgendered at an airport.

Cordão da Bola Preta
Cordão da Bola Preta (Portuguese for 'string of the black ball'), shortly Bola Preta, is a carnival block that parades every carnival Saturday in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Bola Preta was founded in 1918. The main rhythm is marchinha, but several other rhythms are also played.

The block attracts more than a million followers every year. In 2013, that number was more than 2,500,000 people. Its size is only matched by Galo da Madrugada in Recife.
Kipling (crater)
Kipling is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 164 kilometers. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 2010. Kipling is named for the British author Rudyard Kipling, who lived from 1865 to 1936.

There is a large, irregular depression within Kipling that is probably a volcanic pit.  It was likely caused by multiple eruptions and it is called a compound vent.  The pit is also a confirmed dark spot.

Kipling is north of the smaller Capote crater.  To the northwest of Kipling is the small but prominent crater David, which is also a dark spot.

David (crater)
David is a small crater on Mercury, which has a bright ray system.  Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 2013. David is named for the French painter Jacques-Louis David.

The floor of David is a dark spot of low reflectance material (LRM), closely associated with hollows.

Oblique MESSENGER NAC image

Exaggerated color image by MESSENGER
SanTan Village
SanTan Village is an open-air, super regional lifestyle center located in Gilbert, Arizona that spans 1,200,000 square feet (110,000 m2) of gross leasable area. It sits at the core of a 500-acre (2.0 km2) project that, upon planned full build out, will encompass 3,000,000 square feet (280,000 m2) of retail, restaurants, entertainment, office space, residential and hotel uses. It was the last mall to be developed by Westcor and is still owned by Macerich.

The mall features the traditional retailers Macy's, Dillard's, Dick's Sporting Goods, Best Buy, Barnes & Noble in addition to a 16-screen Harkins Theatres.

The SanTan Village Marketplace, located south of the mall, is an urban village mixed with many other retail and restaurant areas designed for urban shopping.

Gilbert, Arizona
Gilbert is a town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Located southeast of Phoenix, Gilbert had a population of 293,630 as of 2023. It is the fourth-most populous municipality in Arizona and is considered a suburb of Phoenix. Gilbert is the most populous incorporated town in the United States and has been described as the “largest town in America.”

Incorporated on July 6, 1920, Gilbert was once known as the "Hay Shipping Capital of the World".
Canada Book Day
Canada Book Day is a yearly event celebrated in Canada on April 23 to promote reading and books during Canada Book Week. Canada Book Week takes place on the week of April 23.

Canada Book Day is celebrated on the same day as World Book and Copyright Day, a yearly event organized by UNESCO to promote reading, publishing and the protection of intellectual property through copyright. The date was chosen by UNESCO to honour three writers of fiction, non-fiction and poetry—Miguel de Cervantes, William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega— who each died on April 23, 1616.

Canada Book Day was organized by the Writers' Trust of Canada, a national organization whose mandate is to represent writers and support Canadian English-language literature. The Trust no longer organizes this event.

World Book Day
World Book Day, also known as World Book and Copyright Day or International Day of the Book, is an annual event organized by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) to promote reading, publishing, and copyright. The first World Book Day was celebrated on 23 April in 1995, and continues to be recognized on that day. A related event in the United Kingdom and Ireland is observed in March. On the occasion of World Book and Copyright Day, UNESCO along with the advisory committee from the major sectors of the book industry, select the World Book Capital for one year. Each designated World Book Capital City carries out a program of activities to celebrate and promote books and reading. In 2024, Strasbourg was designated as the World Book Capital.
John Clifford (Gaelic footballer)
John Clifford (born 1974) is an Irish Gaelic football manager and former player. At club level, he played with Kilmurry, divisional side Muskerry and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team.

1994 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1994 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 31st staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Meath entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Laois in the Leinster final.

On 28 August 1994, Cork won the championship following a 1-12 to 1-5 defeat of Mayo in the All-Ireland final. This was their ninth All-Ireland title overall and their first in five championship seasons.
Gerard Smets
Gerard Smets, also spelt as Gérard Smets, (1857 — 1922) was a Belgian paleontologist, scientist, and abbé known for the misidentification of the plant genus Aachenosaurus (now known as Nicolia moresneti), named after the locale of Aachen.

Abbé
Abbé (French: [abe]; from Latin abbas, in turn from Greek ἀββᾶς, abbas, from Aramaic abba, a title of honour, literally meaning "the father, my father", emphatic state of abh, "father") is the French word for an abbot. It is also the title used for lower-ranking Catholic clergy in France who are not members of religious orders.
Elementary definition
In mathematical logic, an elementary definition is a definition that can be made using only finitary first-order logic, and in particular without reference to set theory or using extensions such as plural quantification. Elementary definitions are of particular interest because they admit a complete proof apparatus while still being expressive enough to support most everyday mathematics (via the addition of elementarily-expressible axioms such as Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (ZFC)).

Saying that a definition is elementary is a weaker condition than saying it is algebraic.

Finitary
In mathematics and logic, an operation is finitary if it has finite arity, i.e. if it has a finite number of input values.  Similarly, an infinitary operation is one with an infinite number of input values.

In standard mathematics, an operation is finitary by definition. Therefore, these terms are usually only used in the context of infinitary logic.
South Northumberland (UK Parliament constituency)
South Northumberland (formally the "Southern Division of Northumberland") was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was represented by two Members of Parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system.

The area was created by the Great Reform Act 1832 by the splitting of Northumberland constituency into Northern and Southern divisions.

It was abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, when Northumberland was divided into four single member divisions: Berwick-upon-Tweed, Hexham, Tyneside and Wansbeck.

Wansbeck (UK Parliament constituency)
Wansbeck was a constituency in Northumberland in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It was represented from its 1983 re-creation until its abolition for the 2024 general election by members of the Labour Party.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat's area was split between the two new seats of Blyth and Ashington and North Northumberland.
Kamasutra (manga)
Kamasutra (カーマスートラ, Kāmasūtora) is originally a four tankōbon manga (inspired by the homonymous book) created by Go Nagai and Kunio Nagatani and published by Tokuma Shoten in 1990. It was later adapted into an OVA, Kamasutra: The Ultimate Sex Adventure (究極のSEXアドベンチャー カーマスートラ, Kyūkyoku no Sekkusu Adobenchā Kāmasūtora), known in the United Kingdom as Kamasutra and in the United States as Kama Sutra and considered a hentai anime in the West.

Hentai
Hentai (ヘンタイ, deviation/abnormality; 変態) is a style of Japanese pornographic anime and manga. In addition to anime and manga, hentai works exist in a variety of media, including artwork and video games (commonly known as eroge).

The development of hentai has been influenced by Japanese cultural and historical attitudes toward sexuality. Hentai works, which are often self-published, form a significant portion of the market for doujin works, including doujinshi. Numerous subgenres exist depicting a variety of sexual acts and relationships, as well as novel fetishes.
Schreder HP-14
The HP-14 is a Richard Schreder-designed all-metal glider aircraft that was offered as a kit for homebuilding during the 1960s and 1970s. It was originally developed by retrofitting improved wings to the fuselage and tail of the HP-13, and first flew in 1966. Schreder won the 1966 US national soaring championship in the prototype HP-14.

The HP-14 features a folding V-tail and 90-degree flaps for glidepath control. The fuselage and wings are of all-aluminum riveted construction.

V-tail
The V-tail or vee-tail (sometimes called a butterfly tail or Rudlicki's V-tail) of an aircraft is an unconventional arrangement of the tail control surfaces that replaces the traditional vertical and horizontal surfaces with two surfaces set in a V-shaped configuration. It is not widely used in aircraft design. The aft edge of each twin surface is a hinged control surface called a ruddervator, which combines the functions of both a rudder and elevator.
No. 17 Squadron PAF
The No. 17 Squadron nicknamed Tigers, is an air superiority squadron of the Pakistan Air Force's Northern Air Command. It is currently deployed at Peshawar Air Base and operates the Chengdu F-7PG aircraft.

Flight lieutenant
Flight lieutenant (Flt Lt or F/L) is a junior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank originated in the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) in 1914. It fell into abeyance when the RNAS merged with the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War but was revived in 1919 in the post-war RAF. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Flight lieutenant is immediately senior to flying officer and immediately below squadron leader. It is usually equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the navy and of the rank of captain in other services.

The equivalent rank in the former Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (PMRAFNS) (until 1980) was flight officer.
Plug (sanitation)
A plug in sanitation is an object that is used to close a drainage outlet firmly.

The insertion of a plug into a drainage outlet allows the container to be filled with water or other fluids. In contrast to screw on caps, plugs are pushed into the hole and are not put over the hole.

Plugs are most commonly encountered in the bathroom or kitchen, for use in bathtubs, wash basins or sinks.

Bathtub
A bathtub, also abbreviated as bath or tub, is a container for holding water in which a person or another animal may bathe. Modern bathtubs can be made of thermoformed acrylic, porcelain-enameled steel or cast iron, or fiberglass-reinforced polyester. A bathtub is usually placed in a bathroom, either as a stand-alone fixture or in conjunction with shower plumbing.
Canadian Association of Professional Employees
The Canadian Association of Professional Employees (CAPE; French: Association canadienne des employés professionnels [ACEP]) is a Canadian federal public service labour union. It represents more than 27,000 members. CAPE is a national affiliate of the Canadian Labour Congress. Its president since January 2024 is Nathan Prier of British Columbia. It was in 2025 Canada’s third-largest federal public service union.

Canadian Labour Congress
The Canadian Labour Congress, or CLC (French: Congrès du travail du Canada or CTC), is a national trade union centre, the central labour body in Canada to which most Canadian labour unions are affiliated.
Desegregation of the Baltimore City Public Schools
Desegregation of the Baltimore City Public Schools took place in 1956 after the United States Supreme Court ruled, in the case of Brown v. Board of Education, that segregation in schools went against constitutional law. Desegregation of U.S. schools was part of the civil rights movement. The events that followed desegregation in Baltimore, were important to the civil rights movement across America. Recent scholarship has identified Baltimore's desegregation as an important precursor to the Greensboro sit-ins.

School integration in the United States
In the United States, school integration (also known as desegregation) is the process of ending race-based segregation within American public, and private schools. Racial segregation in schools existed throughout most of American history and remains an issue in contemporary education. During the civil rights movement school integration became a priority, but since then de facto segregation has again become prevalent.

School segregation declined rapidly during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Segregation appears to have increased since 1990. The disparity in the average poverty rate in the schools whites attend and blacks attend is the single most important factor in the educational achievement gap between white and black students.
Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).

Russification of Ukraine
The Russification of Ukraine (Ukrainian: русифікація України or зросійщення України; Russian: русификация Украины) was a system of measures, actions and legislations undertaken by the Imperial Russian, later Soviet, and present-day authorities of the Russian Federation to strengthen Russian national, political and linguistic positions in Ukraine.

Like in other countries of Eastern Europe historically ruled by Russian political regimes, Russification in Ukraine aims to assimilate the local population and has been conducted through a wide array of measures, including introduction of Russian language in school education and state institutions, promotion of mixed marriages, ideological, political and cultural indoctrination, displacement of population etc.
Purple Robe Incident
The  Purple Robe Incident (紫衣事件, shie jiken) was a political conflict that took place in 1627, Japan. A confrontation between the Tokugawa shogunate and the Imperial Court began when the Emperor granted permission for monks from two temples to wear purple robes. Purple robes were traditionally reserved for only the most virtuous priests, and the Shogunate declared the Emperor's decree invalid, as he had not consulted with them beforehand. The confrontation is believed to have contributed to Emperor Go-Mizunoo's abdication in 1629, and is a noted example of the control of the Shogunate over the Imperial Court in the early Edo period.

Yagyū Munenori
Yagyū Munenori (柳生 宗矩; 1571 – May 11, 1646) was a Japanese daimyō, swordsman, and martial arts writer. He founded the Edo branch of Yagyū Shinkage-ryū, which he learned from his father Yagyū "Sekishūsai" Munetoshi, and was one of two official sword styles patronized by the Tokugawa shogunate (the other one being Ittō-ryū).

Munenori began his career in the Tokugawa shogunate as a hatamoto, a direct retainer of the Tokugawa house, and later had his income raised to 10,000 koku, making him a minor fudai daimyō (vassal lord serving the Tokugawa), with landholdings around his ancestral village of Yagyū-zato. He also received the title of Tajima no Kami (但馬守).
Virginia Bosler
Virginia Bosler (September 23, 1926 – August 30, 2020), known to friends by her childhood nickname "Winkie", was an American actress born in Newton, Massachusetts. She was known for acting in Broadway musicals.

Producers' Showcase
Producers' Showcase is an American anthology television series that was telecast live during the 1950s in compatible color by NBC. With top talent, the 90-minute episodes, covering a wide variety of genres, aired under the title every fourth Monday at 8 pm ET for three seasons, beginning October 18, 1954. The final episode, the last of 37, was broadcast May 27, 1957.

Showcase Productions, Inc., packaged and produced the series, which received seven Emmy Awards, including the 1956 award for Best Dramatic Series.
Skulls of the Shogun
Skulls of the Shogun is a turn-based tactics video game developed by 17-Bit. The game is inspired by Advance Wars and features turn-based combat between undead samurai. Skulls of the Shogun was originally planned for a 2012 release on Xbox Live Arcade and Windows 8. Eventually it was released for Xbox 360 and Windows Phone on January 30, 2013.

In July 2013, 17-Bit released Skulls of the Shogun: Bone-A-Fide Edition on Steam for Windows XP (SP 3) and up, with 4 new campaign levels, a new character, new multiplayer levels and progression system, and developer's commentary. In May 2014, Skulls of the Shogun was released for OS X and Linux as part of a Humble Bundle. In October 2014, the game was released on Ouya. In June 2015, the Bone-a-Fide Edition was released on PlayStation 4. On July 11, 2019, a Nintendo Switch port was released.

The game was adapted into an animated web series on Nerdist, featuring John DiMaggio as General Akamoto.

Turn-based tactics
Turn-based tactics (TBT) is a sub-genre of strategy video games. They are turn-based simulations of operational warfare and military tactics in generally small-scale confrontations as opposed to more strategic considerations of turn-based strategy (TBS) games.  Turn-based tactical gameplay is characterized by the expectation of players to complete their tasks using only the combat forces provided to them in a generally realistic (or at least believable) manner.
Redfern DH-2
The Redfern DH-2 is an American homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Walter Redfern and produced by the Walter Redfern Company of Post Falls, Idaho, based upon the 1915 Airco DH.2 fighter aircraft. When it was available the aircraft was supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction.

Walter Redfern Company
The Walter Redfern Company, also called Redfern Plans, was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Post Falls, Idaho and founded by Walter "Wimpy" Redfern. The company specialized in the design and provision of plans for homebuilt aircraft, particularly replica aircraft of the First World War.

Redfern's plans were adapted from the original aircraft drawings with assistance from Peter M. Bowers and Reinhold Platz, one of the original design team for the Fokker DR1. Platz continued to collaborate with Redfern until the former's death in 1966.

Redfern built his first aircraft, a Knight Twister in 1949 and completed 15 aircraft before his death in 1996, including five Redfern Fokker Dr.1 models. One of his DR.1s is in the AirVenture Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Another Redfern-constructed aircraft, a Fokker D.VI, is in a Pittsburgh museum.

After Redfern's death in 1996 his family continued to supply plans for sometime, although they appeared to be no longer available in 2014.
Muhammad Zakaullah
Muhammad Zakaullah NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) PP TI(M) PGAT (Urdu: محمد ذكاءالله ; born 10 January 1958) is a retired admiral in the Pakistan Navy, who was the 20th Chief of Naval Staff of the Pakistan Navy. He was succeeded by Admiral Zafar Mahmood Abbasi.

He is noted for his sportsmanship, having represented Pakistan at the Olympics for a sailing class category and being a gold medallist at the 1990 Asian Games, for which he is a recipient of a national honor.

As naval chief, Admiral Zakaullah is noted for revolutionizing the role of the navy, emphasizing the role of the navy in economic corridor with China and took initiatives to strengthened ties with the Turkish Navy. He also played an active role in establishing the very low frequency facility to provide communications with the submarines as well as ensuring the second-strike capability by commissioning the cruise missile system in the strategic command of the Navy.

Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Urdu: تمغۂِ امتیاز, lit. 'Medal of Excellence'), also spelled as Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, is a state-bestowed honour of Pakistan. It is given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While it is a civilian/military award, it can be bestowed upon officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces and worn on their uniform. It can also be awarded to foreign citizens who have performed great service to Pakistan.