hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
War of the Lombards
The War of the Lombards (1228–1243) was a civil war in the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Kingdom of Cyprus between the "Lombards" (also called the imperialists), the representatives of the Emperor Frederick II, largely from Lombardy, and the Eastern aristocracy led first by the Ibelins and then by the Montforts. The war was provoked by Frederick's attempt to control the regency for his son, Conrad II of Jerusalem. Frederick and Conrad represented the Hohenstaufen dynasty.

Kingdom of Cyprus
The Kingdom of Cyprus (French: Royaume de Chypre; Latin: Regnum Cypri) was a medieval kingdom of the Crusader states that existed between 1192 and 1489. Initially ruled as an independent Christian kingdom, it was established by the French House of Lusignan after the Third Crusade. It comprised the island of Cyprus and on the Anatolian mainland; Antalya between 1361 and 1373, and Corycus between 1361 and 1448.
Thomas Otway (bishop)
Thomas Otway (1615 – 6 March 1692) was an Anglican bishop in Ireland.

Otway was born in Wiltshire. He was educated at Sedbergh School and later consecrated Bishop of Killala and Achonry on 29 January 1671. He was translated to Ossory on 7 February 1680. From 1680 until 1691 he was also Archdeacon of Armagh in commendam. He attended the short-lived Patriot Parliament summoned by James II of England in 1689. He died on 6 March 1692 in Kilkenny.

Bishop of Ossory
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Ossory (Irish: Easpag Osraí) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient of Kingdom of Ossory in the Province of Leinster, Ireland. In the Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland belonging to the Anglican Communion it has been united with other bishoprics.
Franeker City Hall
Franeker City Hall (Dutch: Stadhuis van Franeker) is the city hall of the municipality of Franeker, Netherlands, one of the eleven historical cities of Friesland. The building dates from 1591–1594 and was built in Frisian renaissance style.

The first stone was laid on June 24, 1591. The building took a total of three years. Above the main entrance the coat of arms of Friesland is shown, and along the leadlights on the first floor, another 27 coats of arms are placed. It is a national monument and part of the Top 100 Dutch heritage sites. It is a rijksmonument since February 21, 1967, and is one of only three Frisian entries in the Top 100 Dutch heritage sites.

The Dutch House in Brookline, Massachusetts, in the United States of America, was built as a partial copy of the Franeker City Hall, and is itself on the US National Register of Historic Places.

Top 100 Dutch heritage sites
The Top 100 Dutch heritage sites is a list of rijksmonuments in the Netherlands, established in 1990 by the Department for Conservation (Monumentenzorg, today the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed). The Top 100 was a selection of historical monuments that were authorized to display the symbol of the Hague Convention of 1954 (the famous blue and white shield, known as the UNESCO shield). The list should not be confused with the UNESCO World Heritage list. The buildings on the list could expect extra security in the context of the policy. The Top 100 list is no longer official, as the extra cultural protection policy is no longer applied. The following Top 100 also includes a list of the most important stained glass, church bells and organs.
2008–09 Reading F.C. season
Reading Football Club played the 2008–09 season in the Football League Championship, having been relegated on the final day of the 2007–08 Premier League season. Despite a strong start to the season, especially at home, Reading were unable to secure promotion at the first attempt; a poor run of form in 2009 saw Reading win just 5 of their last 17 league games, the Royals finishing 4th in the league. Reading were defeated 3–0 on aggregate by Burnley in the play-off semi-finals.

2008–09 Football League Championship
The 2008–09 Football League Championship (known as the Coca-Cola Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the sixth season of the league under its current title and seventeenth season under its current league division format.

Wolverhampton Wanderers won the division to return to the Premier League after a five-year absence. They secured the Championship title on 25 April, one week after having confirmed their promotion with a victory over QPR.

Birmingham City were promoted at the first attempt following their relegation. They secured their return to the top flight on the final day of the season by winning at promotion rivals Reading 2–1. Norwich City, Southampton and Charlton Athletic were relegated;

Burnley won the play-offs to reach the Premier League for the first time after a 1–0 win in the play-off final against Sheffield United, who had been in with a chance of automatic promotion on the final day.
Stuhleck
Stuhleck (1,782 m) is a mountain in Steiermark, Austria. It is the highest mountain of the Fischbach Alps and of the Prealps east of the Mur.

Lying in the sparsely populated commune of Spital am Semmering, Stuhleck is a grassy mountain with gentle slopes, although its lower slopes are heavily wooded. With the summit being above the treeline, it offers fine views of some of the higher alpine ranges to the west, and it is a fairly easy hike to the top.

Spital am Semmering
Spital am Semmering, in the Semmering Pass, is a municipality in the district of Bruck-Mürzzuschlag in Styria, Austria. It is home to the Stuhleck ski hill. Spital was largely endowed in 1160 by seven of the Margrave of Styria's ministeriales.  The endowment included income from wide estates, vineyards and a town.
Rocket Science (Apoptygma Berzerk album)
Rocket Science is a studio album from Apoptygma Berzerk. It follows the same path of synth-rock trends as the band's previous album You and Me Against the World. The first single was "Apollo (Live On Your TV)" followed by "Green Queen". It was also their final album on Gun Records, released one week before the label ceased operating.

The album also features guest vocals on multiple tracks from Benji Madden from Good Charlotte, and Amanda Palmer from The Dresden Dolls. The final track Trash is a cover of a 1996 single by Britpop band Suede.

You and Me Against the World
You and Me Against the World is the fifth studio album from Norwegian electronic rock music band Apoptygma Berzerk. The album was released in 2005, and gave way to a very different sound in the band, whereas previous records had a more traditional electric synthpop/EBM sound, You and Me Against the World features a more mainstream, rock-oriented sound. It is the band's most successful album to date.
Al-Safsaf
Al-Safsaf (Arabic: الصفصاف) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia on the shores of Mashqita Lake. Nearby localities include Ayn al-Bayda, Al-Shamiyah and Burj Islam to the west, al-Bahluliyah to the east and Mushayrafet al-Samouk to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, al-Safsaf had a population of 3,259 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Burj Islam
Burj Islam (Arabic: برج اسلام) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Salib al-Turkman to the north, al-Shabatliyah to the northeast, Ayn al-Bayda to the east and al-Shamiyah to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 5,652 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims from Turkmen ethnicity.

The village is a popular summer resort with a white rock beach.
Alcoa 50,000-ton forging press
The Alcoa 50,000-ton forging press is a heavy press operated at Howmet Aerospace's Cleveland Operations. It was built as part of the Heavy Press Program by the United States Air Force. It was manufactured by Mesta Machinery of West Homestead, Pennsylvania, and began operation on May 5, 1955.

Alcoa ran the plant from the time of its construction, and purchased it outright in 1982. In 2008, cracks were discovered in the press, which had to be shut down for safety reasons. Repairs, originally estimated at a cost of $68 million (equivalent to $99.66 million in 2024), cost a total of $100 million, and were completed in early 2012.

This press was marked a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1981.

Howmet Aerospace
Howmet Aerospace Inc. is an American aerospace company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The company manufactures components for jet engines, fasteners, titanium structures for aerospace applications, and forged aluminum wheels for heavy trucks.

The firm operates 27 facilities in the United States, Canada, Mexico, France, the United Kingdom, China, Brazil, Hungary and Japan.
Lorent Tolaj
Lorent Tolaj (born 23 October 2001) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a forward for EFL League One club Plymouth Argyle. He represented Switzerland internationally up to under-19 level. He scored eight goals in one match to set the record for the most goals scored in an under-19 Euro qualifier.

Tolaj joined Brighton & Hove Albion from FC Sion in 2018. He won the Sussex Senior Challenge Cup with the under-23 team, though he never played a first-team game for the club at senior level. He instead spent time on loan at Cambridge United, Salford City and Dundee. He joined Aldershot Town in July 2023 and scored 25 goals in the 2023–24 season, also winning the National League Player of the Month award for January 2024. He was sold to Port Vale in June 2024 and was their top scorer as the club was promoted out of League Two at the end of the 2024–25 season. He was sold to Plymouth Argyle in August 2025.

EFL League Two Player of the Month
The EFL League Two Player of the Month is an association football award that recognises the player adjudged the best for each month of the season in EFL League Two, the fourth tier of English football. Originally named the Football League Two Player of the Month award, it replaced the Third Division Player of the Month as League Two replaced the Third Division in 2004, and in 2016, when the Football League rebranded itself as the English Football League (EFL), the award was renamed accordingly. From the 2013–14 season, the Football League is sponsored by Sky Bet, so it is known as the Sky Bet League Two Player of the Month award. The awards are designed and manufactured in the UK by bespoke awards company Gaudio Awards.
Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)
Research & Development Establishment (Engineers) (R&DE(E) or R&DE(Engrs)) is a laboratory of the Defence Research & Development Organization. Located in Pune, Maharashtra, India. its primary function is development of mobility equipment for Indian Army Corps of Engineers.

Anti-Terrorism Squad
An Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) is an Indian special counterterrorism unit present in several state police agencies of India including Maharashtra Police, Gujarat Police, Kerala Police, Uttar Pradesh Police, Rajasthan Police, Bihar Police, Jharkhand Police,Tamil Nadu Police, Madhya Pradesh Police and Chhattisgarh Police. These units are frequently involved in the investigative, intelligence and emergency response aspects related to terrorism and cooperate with other branches of their police departments, police forces from other states, and national agencies such as the Intelligence Bureau and the National Investigation Agency.
2024 Men's European Volleyball League
The 2024 Men's European Volleyball League was the 20th edition of the annual Men's European Volleyball League, which featured men's national volleyball teams from 16 European countries. This season undergone a new format.

The winners and runners-up qualified for the 2024 Challenger Cup.

The tournament had two divisions: the Golden League, which featured 12 teams, and the Silver League, which featured 4 teams.

Men's European Volleyball League
The Men's European Volleyball League is a continental volleyball competition senior men's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). Created in 2004, the competition serves as a qualifying tournament for the FIVB World League (until 2016) and its successor the FIVB Challenger Cup since 2018.

This event should not be confused with the other, more prestigious, continental competition for European national volleyball teams, the European Volleyball Championship.
Gregson Lane
Gregson Lane is a village in Lancashire, England. It is situated between Bamber Bridge, Higher Walton, Coupe Green and Brindle, and is within four miles of the city of Preston.

Most of the village is in an unparished area of South Ribble borough and Ribble Valley parliamentary constituency. However, a small part of the village lies in Brindle civil parish in the Borough of Chorley and Chorley parliamentary constituency.

The village is situated in the Hoghton postal district, as the Royal Mail does not recognise it as a separate village; this postal district also includes Coupe Green and Hoghton is often called the village of two halves by residents. Despite this, it is administratively and geographically separate. The village is in the  Gregson Lane & Coupe Green ward which elects two councillors. At the May 2023 election, James Gleeson for Labour party was elected.

Brindle, Lancashire
Brindle is a small village and civil parish of the borough of Chorley, Lancashire, England.  The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 978. It is in the centre of a triangle between Preston, Blackburn, and Chorley. The area has little industry. Brindle is one of the more affluent areas in Lancashire , with average earnings over 33% higher than the national average. Occupations include professionals, teachers, and an increasingly retired population as well as some remaining agricultural employment.

Brindle is home to the Anglican St James' Church and a number of trails and bridle paths. As a parish offering excellent links to nearby towns including business centres such as Preston, Bolton, Chorley and Manchester.
Daewoo
Daewoo (UK: /ˈdeɪ.uː/ DAY-oo; US: /ˌdeɪˈwuː/ day-WOO; Korean: 대우; Hanja: 大宇; IPA: [tɛ.u]; lit. "great universe" and a portmanteau of "dae" meaning great, and the given name of founder and chairman Kim Woo-choong) also known as the Daewoo Group, was a major South Korean chaebol (type of conglomerate) and automobile manufacturer.

It was founded on 22 March 1967 as Daewoo Industrial and was declared bankrupt on 1 November 1999, with debts of about US$50 billion (equivalent to $97 billion in 2025). Prior to the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Daewoo was the third largest conglomerate in South Korea, behind the Hyundai Group and Lucky-Goldstar (later became LG Corporation). There were about 20 divisions under the Daewoo Group, some of which survived as independent companies.

Hyundai Group
Hyundai Group (Korean: 현대그룹; Korean pronunciation: [ˈçəːndɛ]) is a South Korean conglomerate founded by Chung Ju-yung. The group was founded in 1947 as a construction company. With government assistance, Chung and his family members rapidly expanded into various industries, eventually becoming South Korea's second chaebol.  Chung Ju-yung was directly in control of the company until his death in 2001.

The company spun off many of its better known businesses after the 1997 Asian financial crisis and founder Chung Ju-yung's death, including Hyundai Motor Group,  Hyundai Department Store Group, and Hyundai Heavy Industries Group. The Hyundai Group is now primarily focused on logistics and services.
Paramysis baeri
Paramysis baeri is a species of mysid crustacean from the genus Paramysis, named in honour of the prominent biologist Karl Ernst von Baer. Its body is 13–31 millimetres (0.51–1.22 in) long, and it is only found in the coastal waters of the Caspian Sea, on sandy and muddy bottoms, at depths of less than 20 m (66 ft). For over a century, it was thought to be distributed throughout the whole Ponto-Caspian basin, but recently the range was reconsidered after the rediscovery and re-establishment of the closely related species Paramysis bakuensis. Since the taxonomical status of P. baeri has been reconsidered, the distribution and ecology of the species remains poorly known. Paramysis baeri can be distinguished from P. bakuensis and other species of the subgenus Paramysis s. str. by the rather broad, almost quadrangular exopod of maxilla 2, the strongly serrated paradactylar claw-setae of pereiopod 6, and other features.

Paramysis
Paramysis (from the Greek affix para-, "near", "beside", and the genus name Mysis) is a genus of mysid crustaceans (Mysidacea) in family Mysidae, distributed in coastal zone of low boreal East Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and the basins of Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Sea (Ponto-Caspian Basin).
FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009
The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009 were the 40th FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, held 2–15 February in France at Val-d'Isère, Savoie.

The International Ski Federation (FIS) awarded the championships to Val-d'Isère on 2 June 2004, in Miami, Florida.  The other two finalists were Vail/Beaver Creek, USA, and Schladming, Austria, which was later selected to host the 2013 championships. Vail/Beaver Creek gained the 2015 championships.

These were the first world championships at Val-d'Isère, although the area hosted four of the five men's events at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville (the slalom was held at Les Menuires).  Val-d'Isère is a regular stop on the World Cup circuit, usually by the men in early to mid-December.

These were the fourth world championships held in France.  Chamonix hosted in 1937 and 1962, and Chamrousse hosted the alpine events for 1968 Winter Olympics (from 1948 through 1980, the Winter Olympics were also the world championships).

Alpine skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics at Albertville, France, consisted of ten alpine skiing events, held 9–22 February. The men's races were held at Val d’Isère, except for the slalom, which was at Les Menuires. All five women's events were conducted at Méribel.
Vanillic acid
Vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative used as a flavoring agent. It is an oxidized form of vanillin.  It is also an intermediate in the production of vanillin from ferulic acid.

Dihydroxybenzoic acid
Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids.

There are six main compounds, having all the same molecular formula C7H6O4. Those are:

2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (2-Pyrocatechuic acid or hypogallic acid)

2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (β-Resorcylic acid)

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Gentisic acid)

2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (γ-Resorcylic acid)

3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Protocatechuic acid)

3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (α-Resorcylic acid)

Orsellinic acid is also a dihydoxybenzoic acid having an extra methyl group.
Skjoldafjorden
Skjoldafjorden is a fjord in Rogaland county, Norway. The 26-kilometre (16 mi) long fjord is a northern branch of vast Boknafjorden which dominates Rogaland county.

The fjord is located in Tysvær Municipality and Vindafjord Municipality. The north end of the Skjoldafjorden at the village of Skjold connects to the Grindafjorden which flows from the village of Grinde to Skjold. The south end of the fjord empties in to a large bay called the Hervikfjorden, which flows directly into the Boknafjorden.

The island of Borgøy is located at the mouth of the fjord where the Hervikfjorden begins. Further to the north, the narrow passage Skjoldastraumen has strong tide flows and is rather shallow. A lock system was built there to accommodate boat traffic.  It is the only salt water lock in Norway.

Grinde, Rogaland
Grinde is a village in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located at the western end of the Grindafjorden, a couple of kilometers east of the villages Aksdal and Førre. Grinde lies along the European route E39-European route E134 highway.

The 0.6-square-kilometre (150-acre) village has a population (2025) of 946 and a population density of 1,577 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,080/sq mi).
Bugotak
Bugotak is a river in Toguchinsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast. The river flows into the Inya. Its length is 40 km (25 mi).

The tributaries of the river are the Kamenka (27 km), Karpysak (15 km), Kamenka (8 km).

Inya (river)
The Inya (Russian: Иня́, pronounced [ɪˈnʲæ]) is a river in Kemerovo and Novosibirsk Oblasts of Russia. It is a right tributary of the Ob. It is 663 kilometres (412 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 17,600 square kilometres (6,800 sq mi).

By the Inya lie the towns of Leninsk-Kuznetsky and Toguchin. The river flows through a rather densely populated area, and is crossed by several railway lines.
Glutaryl chloride
Glutaryl chloride or pentanedioyl dichloride is an organic compound with the formula C5H6Cl2O2, or (CH2)3(COCl)2. It is the diacid chloride derivative of glutaric acid. It is a colorless liquid although commercial samples can appear darker.

Acyl chloride
In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain.  They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH).  A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH3COCl. Acyl chlorides are the most important subset of acyl halides.
Transurbano
The Transurbano is a public bus system that serves Guatemala City. The system is operated by Siga, and funded by the government of Guatemala. The project was inaugurated during the administration of Alvaro Colom, and was supported by the Asociación de Empresarios de Autobuses Urbanos (Association of Urban Bus Operators). The system was established with the goal of replacing privately operated bus service in Guatemala City, eventually amalgamating all urban bus services under the Transurbano umbrella. Service officially began on July 3, 2010, with 15 buses covering 3 routes operating in the southern part of the city between Zone 12 and Zone 21.

Rutas Express Guatemala
The Rutas Express Guatemala (English: Express Routes), is an Express Public Transit system that operates from the Mixco Municipality, west of Guatemala City. This service serves local residents in Mixco and the South-west end of Guatemala City, and provides some connections to Transmetro lines. Mixco is the third most populous city in the metropolitan region surrounding Guatemala City, and was severely under served by public transit from private operators in recent years.
San Giorgio del Sannio
San Giorgio del Sannio (formerly San Giorgo alla Montagna or San Giorgio la Montagna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania, located about 60 km northeast of Naples and about 9 km southeast of Benevento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 9,785 and an area of 22.3 km2.

San Giorgio del Sannio borders the following municipalities: Apice, Calvi, Paduli, San Martino Sannita, San Nazzaro, San Nicola Manfredi.

Benevento
Benevento (Italian: [beneˈvɛnto] ⓘ; Beneventano: Biniviento [biniˈvjendə]) is a city and comune (municipality) of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento. It is situated on a hill 130 metres (427 feet) above sea level at the confluence of the Calore Irpino (or Beneventano) and the Sabato. As of June 30, 2025, Benevento has 55,319 inhabitants. It is also the seat of a Catholic archbishop.

Benevento occupies the site of the ancient Beneventum, originally Maleventum or even earlier Maloenton. In the imperial period, its founder was deemed to have been Diomedes after the Trojan War.

Due to its artistic and cultural significance, the Santa Sofia Church in Benevento was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011, as part of a group of seven historic buildings inscribed as Longobards in Italy, Places of Power (568–774 A.D.).

The patron saint of Benevento is Saint Bartholomew, the Apostle, whose relics are kept at the Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta.