hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MTV Mobile
MTV Mobile was a Netherlands/Italy-based Mobile virtual network operator. The network was launched in 2008 by the owner MTV Italy (under Viacom license) and based on Telecom Italia Mobile network in Italy, and in 2009, by MTV Benelux based on the KPN network.

The network also offered special editions of the Sony Ericsson W760, Nokia 5320, Samsung C6620, Nokia N73 and ASUS Eee PC 901 in Italy.

At the end of March 2012, thanks to an agreement between MTV and Polska Telefonia Cyfrowa (now T-Mobile Polska), MTV Mobile also appeared in Poland. From November 2013, the stagnation process began, and at the beginning of 2014, the customer base was migrated to the T-Mobile network.

TIM Group
TIM S.p.A. (formerly Telecom Italia S.p.A.) is an Italian telecommunications company with headquarters in Rome, Milan, and Naples (with the Telecom Italia Tower), which provides fixed, public and mobile telephony, and DSL data services.

It is the largest Italian telecommunications services provider in revenues and subscribers. It was founded in 1994 by the merger of several state-owned telecommunications companies, the most prominent of which was SIP, the former state monopoly telephone operator in Italy.

The company's stock is traded in the Borsa Italiana. The Italian State has exercised the "Golden Power" on TIM since 2017, which allows the government to take a number of actions when the strategic interests of the country are concerned.

It has also a subsidiary in Brazil, known as TIM Brasil, with 72.6 million customers. The brand covers over 114 million customers worldwide.

As April 2024, Net sales are distributed geographically as follows: Italy (72.9%) and Brazil (27.1%).
Monolithi
Monolithi is a long sandy beach, on the west coast of Preveza regional unit, Greece. The total length of the beach is 22 km. It is extended from Mytikas until Kastrosikia village

The name Monolithi comes from Greek roots "Μόνος" + "Λίθος" = "single" + "stone", after a projecting rock about ten meters high, that could be seen from the beach until it was destroyed by German and Italian soldiers with mortar fire in 1942. A photograph before 1942 is available. Today the rock exists as an undersea reef 10 cm from the surface.

Kanali
Kanali (Greek: Κανάλι) is a seaside village and a community in the Preveza regional unit, northwestern Greece. It was the seat of the former municipality Zalongo. The community consists of the villages Kanali, Kastrosykia, Mazi, Nea Thesi and Pidima Kyras. Kanali is situated on the Ionian Sea coast, 13 km north of Preveza.

The village Kastrosykia, 6 km northwest of Kanali, is the location of a city of ancient Epirus, probably of a port of Cassope.
Masortim
Masortim (Hebrew: מסורתיים, Masortiim lit. "traditional [people]", also known as Shomrei Masoret שומרי מסורת‎; lit. 'upholders of tradition') is an Israeli Hebrew term for Jews who perceive and define themselves as neither strictly religious (dati) nor secular (hiloni). Their affinity is mainly to mohels and rabbis of Orthodox Judaism (for their brit milah, bar mitzvah, and weddings), and in 2015 they comprised roughly one-third of the Jewish population in Israel.

Kippah
A kippah  (pl. kippot), yarmulke, or koppel is a brimless Jewish skullcap, usually made of cloth, traditionally worn by Jewish men to fulfill the customary requirement that the head be covered. It is the most common type of head-covering worn by men in  Jewish communities during prayers and by most Orthodox Jewish men at most other times. Among non-Orthodox Jewish individuals, some wear them at most times, while most wear them only during prayer, while attending a synagogue, or at other ceremonies, and others wear them rarely or never.
East End, Houston
East End Houston, managed by the East End District (EED), is a district in eastern Houston, Texas, United States, located between the eastern edge of downtown to the Port of Houston and South to Hobby Airport. The District is home to Houston's early history and industry and is the site of Harrisburg, the seat of government for the Republic of Texas in 1836. East End Houston consists of many different ethnic groups, including Hispanic, Asian, White, and African American. Latinos make up more than half of the 100,512 residents, The area includes two of Houston's oldest Hispanic neighborhoods, Magnolia Park and Second Ward.

Harrisburg, Houston
Harrisburg (originally Harrisburgh, shortened to Harrisburg in 1892) is a community now located within the city of Houston, Texas.

The community is located east of Downtown Houston, south of the Brays Bayou and Buffalo Bayou junction and west of Brady's Island. It was founded before 1825 on the eastern stretches of the Buffalo Bayou in present-day Harris County, Texas, on land belonging to John Richardson Harris. In 1926, Harrisburg was annexed into the city of Houston. The original name of Harris County was Harrisburg (Harrisburgh) County until it was shortened after the demise of the City of Harrisburg. Historical markers at the John Richardson Harris site tell of General Santa Anna's razing the town as he chased Sam Houston and his retreating army just before they reached Lynch's Ferry.
Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1944–1947
This is a list of members of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1944 to 1947, as elected at the 1944 state election:

1  The election for the seat of Angas was postponed due to the death of a candidate. LCL candidate Berthold Teusner won the supplementary election on 10 June 1944.

2  Victoria LCL MHA Vernon Petherick died on 14 August 1945. Labor candidate Jim Corcoran won the resulting by-election on 29 September.

3  Burnside LCL MHA Charles Abbott resigned on 2 May 1946. LCL candidate Geoffrey Clarke won the resulting by-election on 22 June.

4  Semaphore Labor MHA Albert Thompson resigned on 19 August 1946 in order to contest the federal seat of Hindmarsh at the 1946 federal election. Labor candidate Harold Tapping won the resulting by-election on 5 October.

5  Port Pirie Labor MLA Andrew Lacey died on 24 August 1946. Labor candidate Charles Davis won the resulting by-election on 19 October.

Charles Davis (Australian politician)
Charles Leonard Davis (14 February 1884 – 27 January 1959) was an Australian politician. He was the Labor member for Port Pirie in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1947 to 1959.

He had previously been the mayor of the City of Port Pirie from 1949 to 1957.
Xizhong Island
Xizhong Island (simplified Chinese: 西中岛; traditional Chinese: 西中島; pinyin: Xizhōng Dǎo) is a major island located in the Bohai Sea, in the province of Liaoning, Northeast China.

Xizhong Island is one of a group of islands located at the tip of the Liaodong Peninsula: Changxing Island lies to the north and Fengming Island to the south. The island is part of the Wafangdian district in the city of Dalian.

Wafangdian
Wafangdian (Chinese: 瓦房店; pinyin: Wǎfángdiàn), formerly Fuhsien (Fuxian) or Fu County (simplified Chinese: 复县; traditional Chinese: 復縣; pinyin: Fù Xiàn), is one of the two "northern county-level cities", the other being Zhuanghe, under the administration of Dalian, located in the south of Liaoning province, China.  The city is famous for its ball bearing industry. Wafangdian Bearing Factory is the largest bearing manufacturer in Asia and was initially built by the Japanese during World War II. Its area is 3,576.40 square kilometres (1,380.86 sq mi) and its permanent population as of 2010 is 942,197, compared to 1,024,876 registered with hukou permits. The city borders the prefecture-level city of Yingkou to the northeast.
Royal East African Navy
The Royal East African Navy was a unified naval force of the former British colonies of Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda, and Zanzibar. It was the colonial forerunner of the Kenyan Navy and Tanzanian Navy. Formed in 1953, it was disbanded on 30 June 1962.

Ham-class minesweeper
The Ham class was a class of inshore minesweepers (IMS), known as the Type 1, of the British Royal Navy. The class was designed to operate in the shallow water of rivers and estuaries. All of the ships in the class are named for British place names that end with -"ham". The parent firm that was responsible for supervising construction was Samuel White of Cowes, Isle of Wight.
Figure and ground (media)
Figure and ground is a concept drawn from Gestalt psychology by media theorist Marshall McLuhan in the early 1970s. This concept underpins the meaning of his famous phrase, "The medium is the message". The concept was an approach to what was called "perceptual organization." He began to use the terms figure and ground as a way "to describe the parts of a situation" and "to help explain his ideas about media and human communication." The concept was later employed to explain how a communications technology, the medium or figure, necessarily operates through its context, or ground.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Gravitonas
Gravitonas is a Swedish electronic rock band formed in 2009 and signed to Sofo Records (Sweden) and Universal Music (worldwide) in 2010. The band is fronted by vocalist Andreas Öhrn and formerly by record producer and songwriter Alexander Bard (of Army Of Lovers and BWO fame). Other collaborators in the project include keyboardist and producer Henrik Wikström and guitar player Ben Smith. Gravitonas are among the front figures of the Scandinavian electronica scene, often linked to artists like Robyn, The Knife, Lykke Li, Röyksopp, The Sound of Arrows, and Miike Snow, with whom they have also performed on several occasions.

Miike Snow
Miike Snow is an indie pop trio formed in Stockholm in 2007, consisting of Swedish production and songwriting duo Bloodshy & Avant (Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg) and American singer Andrew Wyatt. A silhouette of a jackalope is often used as the band's logo. They have released three studio albums: Miike Snow (2009), Happy to You (2012), and iii (2016).
Jean Gordon (Red Cross)
Jean Gordon (February 4, 1915 – January 8, 1946) was an American socialite and a Red Cross worker during World War II. A niece by marriage of General George S. Patton, some writers claim she had a long affair with Patton, allegedly beginning years before the war and continuing behind the front lines of wartime Europe. The published memoirs of Gordon's good friend, Patton's daughter Ruth Ellen, who also collaborated on her nephew Robert's work on the Pattons, as well as correspondence from Patton's wife, Beatrice, reveals that the family considered Gordon and Patton to have been in a romantic relationship. Patton's scholarly biographers disagree.  After her lover (a junior officer) returned to his wife, and shortly after Patton died, she committed suicide.

Everett Hughes (United States Army officer)
Everett Strait Hughes (October 21, 1885 – September 5, 1957) was a major general in the United States Army who served as the 17th Chief of Ordnance for the U.S. Army Ordnance Corps. He is known for his close association with Dwight D. Eisenhower. Hughes was born in Ipswich, Dakota Territory, was a West Point graduate, and rose to become major general in the U.S. Army. He fought in a number of battles including the Mexican border war and World War I. During World War II he was one of George S. Patton's close friends and Eisenhower's "right-hand man" during the entire European campaign.
Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau
Charles Joseph Patissier, Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau (8 February 1718 or 8 February 1720 – 7 January 1785) or Charles Joseph Patissier de Bussy was the Governor General of the French colony of Pondicherry from 1783 to 1785. He served with distinction under Joseph François Dupleix in the East Indies, receiving the Order of Saint Louis. He contributed to the recovery from Britain of Pondicherry in 1748, and was named in 1782 to lead all French military forces beyond the Cape of Good Hope. He coordinated his operations with Pierre André de Suffren and fought against the British during the Indian campaigns of the American War of Independence.

Order of Saint Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (French: ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April  1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles. By the authorities of the French Republic, it is considered a predecessor of the Legion of Honour, with which it shares the red ribbon (though the Legion of Honour is awarded to military personnel and civilians alike).

Although officially abolished by the government authorities of the July Revolution in 1830 following the French Revolution, its activities carried on as a dynastic order of the formerly sovereign royal family. As such, it is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry.
Calvin H. Johnson
Calvin H. Johnson is an American tax lawyer, author, and academic. He holds the John T. Kipp Chair Emeritus at the University of Texas School of Law.

Johnson's scholarship is in the fields of tax law and Constitutional history. His academic tax work has focused on defending the fairness, and efficiency of the tax base. In constitutional history, he relies on the original sources, usually to defend the plenary reach of the Federal government. He is the author of Righteous Anger at the Wicked States: The Meaning of the Founders' Constitution.

University of Texas School of Law
The University of Texas School of Law (Texas Law or UT Law) is the law school of the University of Texas at Austin, a public research university in Austin, Texas.  According to Texas Law’s ABA disclosures, 93.0% of the Class of 2024 obtained full-time, long-term bar passage required employment (i.e. as attorneys) nine months after graduation.
HSC Golden Princess
HSC Golden Princess (formerly Gotlandia II) is a fast ferry ordered by the Swedish company Destination Gotland and acquired by Greek company Golden Star Ferries in 2023. It was built by Fincantieri, Italy in 2006. It was used on Destination Gotland's routes Nynäshamn-Visby and Oskarshamn-Visby until it was sold to Golden Star Ferries. The ferry can carry up to 780 passengers and has a waterjet propulsion system that allows speeds up to 35 knots. In March 2023 she was sold to Golden Star Ferries and in April 2023 she was renamed Golden Princess.

Golden Star Ferries
Golden Star Ferries is a Greek ferry company operating from the Greek mainland to the Cyclades islands in the Aegean Sea.
Golden Star Ferries was founded in 2011 by Andriot brothers Giorgos and Dimitris Stephanou, who also own the Bright Navigation shipping freight company.
Quasirandom group
In mathematics, a quasirandom group is a group that does not contain a large product-free subset. Such groups are precisely those without a small non-trivial irreducible representation. The namesake of these groups stems from their connection to graph theory: bipartite Cayley graphs over any subset of a quasirandom group are always bipartite  quasirandom graphs.

Cayley graph
In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley color graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or color group, is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group. Its definition is suggested by Cayley's theorem (named after Arthur Cayley), and uses a specified set of generators for the group. It is a central tool in combinatorial and geometric group theory. The structure and symmetry of Cayley graphs make them particularly good candidates for constructing expander graphs.
Andrey Morkovin
Andrey Morkovin (Uzbek: Андрей Морковин; born April 9, 1985) is an Uzbek former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. Morkovin qualified for the men's 200 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by clearing a FINA B-cut of 2:18.76 from the Russian Open Championships in Moscow. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including dual citizen Mihail Alexandrov of Bulgaria. He raced to fifth place by seven tenths of a second (0.70) behind Algeria's Sofiane Daid in 2:18.48. Morkovin failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed thirty-fourth overall in the preliminaries.

Sofiane Daid
Sofiane Daid (born 6 November 1982) is a two-time Olympic breaststroke swimmer from Algeria. He swam for Algeria at the 2004 and 2008 Olympics.

He has swum for Algeria at the:

Olympics: 2004, 2008

All-Africa Games: 2003, 2007, 2011

Mediterranean Games: 2005

World Championships: 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011

African Championships: 2006, 2010
Sahā
Sahā or more formally the Sahā world (Sanskrit: sahāloka or sahālokadhātu) in Mahāyāna Buddhism refers to the mundane world, essentially the sum of existence that is other than nirvana.

It is the entirety of conditioned phenomena, also referred to as the trichiliocosm. As a term, its usage is comparable to the Earth (pṛthivī) or as the place where all beings are subject to the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra). It is the place where both good and evil manifests and where beings must exercise patience and endurance (kṣānti). It is also described as the place where Śākyamuni Buddha teaches the Dharma.

The Sahā world is divided into three distinct realms or worlds (traidhātuka or trailokya).

Its ruler is Mahābrahmā Sahāmpati.

Brahmā (Buddhism)
In Buddhist literature a Brahmā (deity or god), refers to a being of the non-sensual world (Brahmaloka), one of the highest realms in Buddhist cosmology. They live in groups often under their chief referred to as Mahābrahmā (The Great God). The texts mention encounters with Mahābrahmā several times and it is not clear if they refer to the same Mahābrahmā or different Mahābrahmās each abiding in their own world.

Mahābrahmā is also considered as a protector of teachings (dharmapala), and he is never depicted in early Buddhist texts as a creator god, as is the Brahma of Hinduism. In Buddhist tradition, it was the deity Brahma Sahampati who appeared before the Buddha and invited him to teach, once the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Brahmas are represented in Buddhist culture as gods with four faces and four arms, and variants of him are found in Mahayana Buddhist cultures.
Cesar Gracie Jiu-Jitsu
Cesar Gracie Jiu-Jitsu is a mixed martial arts and Brazilian jiu-jitsu gym based in Pleasant Hill, California. The gym features professional fighters who have competed in many major promotions, such as the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), PRIDE Fighting Championships, DREAM, and Strikeforce.

ADCC Submission Fighting World Championship
The ADCC Submission Fighting World Championship is an international submission grappling competition, organised by the Abu Dhabi Combat Club (ADCC). ADCC is considered one of the most prestigious No-Gi submission grappling tournaments in the world, and is commonly referred to as The Olympics of Grappling.

The inaugural tournament was held in Abu Dhabi, UAE in 1998 and is held every two years. Host countries have included Brazil, China, Finland, Spain, the UK, and the US. Competitors can only participate after winning ADCC trials or by invitation.
Dolabrifera dolabrifera
Dolabrifera dolabrifera, commonly known as the warty seacat, is a species of sea hare, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. The animal goes by many names, including the common sea hare. The Hawaiian name for Dolabrifera dolabrifera, is Kualakai.

Aplysiidae
Aplysiidae is the only family in the superfamily Aplysioidea, within the clade Anaspidea. These animals are commonly called sea hares because, unlike most sea slugs, they are often quite large, and when they are underwater, their rounded body shape and the long rhinophores on their heads mean that their overall shape resembles that of a sitting rabbit or hare. Sea hares are however sea snails with shells reduced to a small plate hidden between the parapodia, and some species are extremely large. The Californian black sea hare, Aplysia vaccaria is arguably the largest living gastropod species, and is certainly the largest living heterobranch gastropod.
Halamish
Halamish (Hebrew: חַלָּמִישׁ, lit. 'Flint'), also known as Neveh Tzuf (Hebrew: נְוֵה צוּף, lit. 'Oasis of Nectar'), is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank, located in the southwestern Samarian hills to the north of Ramallah, 10.7 kilometers east of the Green line. The Orthodox Jewish community was established in 1977. It is organised as a community settlement and falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,439. On a hill within the settlement is Hovlata, an archeological site dating to the Hasmonean period.

The settlement of Neveh Tzuf is home to the religious pre-army Mechina Elisha.

The international community considers Israeli settlements illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council
Mateh Binyamin Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מטה בנימין, Mo'atza Azorit Mateh Binyamin, Lit. Council for the Region of the Tribe of Benjamin) is a regional council governing 47 Israeli settlements and outposts in the West Bank. The council's jurisdiction is from the Jordan valley in the east to the Samarian foothills in the west, and from the Shiloh creek in the north to the Jerusalem Mountains in the south.

The seat of the council is Psagot. The council is named for the ancient Israelite tribe of Benjamin, whose territory roughly corresponds to that of the council. The region in which the Binyamin settlements are located is referred to as the Binyamin Region.

The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal, but the state of Israel disputes this, and this applies to all communities under the administration of Mateh Binyamin.
Carlos Antonio Mendoza
Carlos Antonio Mendoza Soto (31 October 1856, in Panama City – 13 February 1916) was a Panamanian politician who served in 1908 and 1909 as the second presidential designate in the government of José Domingo de Obaldía. After the death of the first presidential designate José Agustín Arango in 1909 he was first in line to the presidency. In that capacity, Mendoza became President of Panama from 1 March 1910 to 1 October 1910. He belonged to the Liberal Party.

Mendoza was a participant in the 1903 revolution and played a role in the writing of the Panama Constitution.

Mendoza was elected as the third presidential designate by the National Assembly for the 1904–1906 term.

He came from a family of soldiers and politicians.

José Agustín Arango
José Agustín Arango Remón (February 24, 1841 - May 10, 1909) was a Panamanian politician who was, together with Tomás Arias and Federico Boyd, a member of the provisional junta that governed Panama after its independence in 1903. He was the Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta from 4 November 1903 until 20 February 1904.

He was elected as the first presidential designate by the National Assembly for the term 1908–1910, but he died in May 1909, before completing his term.