hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Margarita Cedeño
Margarita María Cedeño Lizardo, formerly known as Margarita Cedeño de Fernández, is a Dominican politician who served as Vice President of the Dominican Republic from 2012 to 2020. She was married to former president, Leonel Fernández and served as the First Lady of the Dominican Republic from 2004 to 2012.

Vice President of the Dominican Republic
The vice president of the Dominican Republic (Spanish: Vicepresidente de la República Dominicana) is the second-highest political position in the Dominican Republic. The vice president is the first person in the presidential line of succession, ascending to the presidency upon the death, resignation, or removal of the president. There have been thirty-nine vice presidents of the Dominican Republic. Under the Constitution of the Dominican Republic, the vice president shall be elected along with the president.

Since the independence of the Dominican Republic in 1844 until 1865, what is considered the First Republic, there were no constitutional vice presidents. Yet, during that time there were acting vice presidents; this was under the rule of Pedro Santana.
Styrene oxide
Styrene oxide is an epoxide derived from styrene. Its chemical formula is C6H5C2H3O. It can be prepared by epoxidation of styrene with peroxybenzoic acid, in the Prilezhaev reaction:

Styrene oxide is slightly soluble in water. A trace amount of acid in water causes hydrolysis to racemic phenylethyleneglycol via a benzylic cation. If the amount of water is not sufficient, acid-catalyzed isomerization for phenylacetaldehyde will occur.

Styrene oxide in the body is metabolized to mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, benzoic acid and hippuric acid.

Hydrogenation of styrene oxide affords phenethyl alcohol.

Phenylglyoxylic acid
Phenylglyoxylic acid is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CO2H. The conjugate base, known as benzoylformate, is the substrate of benzoylformate decarboxylase, a thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzyme:

benzoylformate + H+ ⇌ benzaldehyde + CO2

It is a colourless solid with a melting point of 64–66 °C and is moderately acidic (pKa = 2.15).

Phenylglyoxylic acid can be synthesized by oxidation of mandelic acid with potassium permanganate. An alternative synthesis involves hydrolysis of benzoyl cyanide.
Traghan
Traghan or Traghen and Turaghan (Arabic: تراغن) is a small town in the Murzuk Desert in Murzuq District in southwest Libya. It is located east of Murzuk and Zizau. A good high road is said to link Traghan to Zizau in the west, with frequent incrustations of salt.

The word is of Toubou (Gara'an) origin and is pronounced Taraghan or Turaghan both correct, with three syllables: Tu or Ta means "land," ra refers to "inhabitants," and ghan means "small." Altogether, Turaghan or Taraghan translates to “inhabitants of the small land.”

Murzuq Desert
The Murzuq Desert, Idehan Murzuq, or Idhan Murzuq (also Murzaq, Murzuk, Marzuq and Murzak), is an erg in southwestern Libya with a surface of approximately 58,000 km2. It is named after the town of Murzuk in the Fezzan region. Like the Idehan Ubari further north, the Idehan Murzuq is part of the greater Sahara Desert region. It is separated from the southern Sahara Desert by the Tibesti Mountains and the Tassili n'Ajjer.
Strøby
Strøby is a village, with a population of 685 (1 January 2025), in Stevns Municipality, Region Zealand in Denmark. It is located 5 km southeast of Strøby Egede, 11 km southeast of Køge and 11 km northwest of Store Heddinge.

Strøby Church is located in the village.

Strøby Egede
Strøby Egede is a coastal town, situated on the southwestern shore of Køge Bay on the east coast of the Danish island of Zealand, 5 km southeast of Køge and 6 km east of Herfølge.

Strøby Egede is the northernmost and most populous urban area in Stevns Municipality, with a population of 5,108 (1 January 2025).

The discovering of a mass grave, with human remains, dating to the late Mesolithic Ertebølle culture, showed that the area what is now Strøby Egede was inhabited already in the Stone Age. The grave consisted of skeleton remains of eight individuals of multiple ages from 35-45 years old to newborn children and is now on display at Køge Museum.
Conolly's Folly
The Conolly Folly (Irish: Baois Uí Chonghaile), a.k.a. The Obelisk, is an obelisk structure located between Celbridge, Leixlip and Maynooth in County Kildare, Ireland. It was built in the mid-18th century by the Conolly family, then owners of the Castletown Estate. It was restored in the mid-20th century by the Irish Georgian Society, and is now a national monument in state care.

Maynooth
Maynooth (/məˈnuːθ/; Irish: Maigh Nuad MWEE-NOO-udh) is a university town in north County Kildare, Ireland. It is home to Maynooth University (part of the National University of Ireland and also known as the National University of Ireland, Maynooth) and St Patrick's College, a Pontifical University and Ireland's sole Roman Catholic seminary. Maynooth is also the seat of the Irish Catholic Bishops' Conference and holds the headquarters of Ireland's largest development charity, Trócaire. Maynooth is located 24 kilometres (15 miles) west of central Dublin.
Charpentiera australis
Charpentiera australis is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a tree or shrub native to Rarotonga in the Cook Islands, and to Raivavae and Tubuai in the Tubuai Islands of French Polynesia.

It grows in lowland rain forests from 100 to 370 meters elevation. The range and population of the species is very limited. The species' population is estimated at 50 mature individuals on the three islands, with an area of occupancy (AOO) is 8 km2 on Raivavae. There are fewer than 10 subpopulations on the three islands, with only one known on Rarotonga. The population of the species is likely declining, and threats include habitat loss from forest clearance and fires, competition from invasive species, and predation from introduced pests.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Russian Woman
"Russian Woman" (transliterated into Russian Cyrillic as Рашн Ԝуман, stylised in all caps), originally titled "Russkaya zhenshchina" (Русская женщина), is a song by Russian-Tajik singer Manizha, independently released as a single on 19 March 2021. The song represented Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, after winning the national final Evrovidenie 2021 – Nacionalniy Otbor. To date, this is the last Russian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest, after the country was excluded from the 2022 contest.

Women in Russia
Women in Russia have a rich and varied history during numerous regimes throughout the centuries. Since Russian society is multicultural, the experiences of women in Russia vary significantly across ethnic, religious, and social lines. The life of an ethnic Russian woman can be dramatically different from the life of women of minority groups like the Bashkirs and the life of a woman from a lower-class rural family can be different from the life of a woman from an upper-middle-class urban family. Nevertheless, a common historical and political context provides a framework for speaking about women in Russia in general.
National Funding Scheme
The National Funding Scheme (NFS) is a charitable organisation (charity number 1149800) in the United Kingdom providing fundraising advice, support and services to UK charities. The charity uses the DONATE brand name to deliver an integrated giving platform across text, online and contactless donation products.

Established in 2013 and initially for arts organisations, the scheme was broadened to all UK charities in 2015.  DONATE's provision of SMS/text giving has increased following the closure of JustGiving's text platform on 31 March 2019.

JustGiving
JustGiving is a British multinational online social platform for charity giving. The company was founded in 2000 and is headquartered in Bankside, London, England. JustGiving has been owned by Blackbaud since its acquisition in October 2017. As of September 2025, JustGiving has 25,700 charities using its platform and 22 million users globally.
Swimming at the 2026 Commonwealth Games
Swimming will be among the sports contested at the 2026 Commonwealth Games, to be held in Glasgow, Scotland. The sport, one of only two mandatory sports at a Games along with athletics had been staged in all twenty-two previous editions of the Games thus far and will be contested in Glasgow for the second time, and Scotland for the fourth time.

The competition will take place between 24 and 29 July 2026, spread across a record fifty-six events (including a record fourteen parasport events). The swimming portion of the Games will end two days before the beginning of the 2026 European Aquatics Championships.

Swimming at the Commonwealth Games
Swimming is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games competition. It has been a Commonwealth Games sport since the inaugural edition of the event's precursor, the 1930 British Empire Games. It is a core sport and must be included in the sporting programme of each edition of the Games. Synchronised swimming and Diving events are optional. Water polo is a recognised (i.e. not yet optional) sport.
Cast Courts (Victoria and Albert Museum)
The Cast Courts (originally called the Architectural Courts) of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, England, comprise two large halls. Unusually for a museum, the Cast Courts house a collection not of originals, but copies. Here are to be found reproductions of some of the most famous sculptures in the world. Most of the copies were made in the 19th century and in many cases they have better resisted the ravages of time, 20th-century pollution and over-zealous conservation than the originals. In a few cases, such as the late 15th century Lübeck relief of Christ washing the Apostles' feet, the original has been destroyed and the cast is a unique record of a lost work.

Exposition Universelle (1867)
The Exposition Universelle of 1867 (French pronunciation: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]), better known in English as the 1867 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 1 April to 3 November 1867. It was the second of ten major expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. A number of nations were represented at the fair. Following a decree of Emperor Napoleon III, the exposition was prepared as early as 1864, in the midst of the renovation of Paris, marking the culmination of the Second French Empire. Visitors included Tsar Alexander II of Russia, a brother of the King William and Otto von Bismarck of Prussia, Prince Metternich and Franz Josef of Austria, Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz, and the Khedive of Egypt Isma'il.
Fujimi Fantasia Bunko
Fujimi Fantasia Bunko (富士見ファンタジア文庫, Fujimi Fantajia Bunko) is a light novel publishing imprint affiliated with the Japanese publishing company Fujimi Shobo, a brand company of Kadokawa Corporation. It was established in 1988 and is aimed at young adult male audience. Many light novels published under this imprint are serialized in Fujimi Shobo's Dragon Magazine.

Dragon Magazine (Fujimi Shobo)
Dragon Magazine (Japanese: ドラゴンマガジン, Hepburn: Doragon Magajin), frequently abbreviated as Doramaga or DM, is a Japanese light novel and manga magazine aimed at young men, first published in 1988. Since March 19, 2008 the magazine has been published every other month.It will cease publication with its May 2025 issue. The light novel magazine Fantasia Battle Royal was a special edition of Dragon Magazine.
Olm unterwegs
Olm unterwegs is a German television series that aired from January 15, 2006, to October 15, 2007, on ProSieben. Created and led by Hans Werner Olm, the show blends satire, outlandish humor and portrayal of eccentric characters by Olm himself. The show has two seasons and 17 episodes.

ProSieben
ProSieben (German pronunciation: [pʁoːˈziːbən], sieben is German for "seven"; often stylized as Pro7) is a German free-to-air television network owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media.

It was launched on 1 January 1989. It is Germany's second-largest privately owned television company. Although ProSieben produces some of its programming itself, it also airs many American imports. On 3 May 2012, the network launched a pay-TV channel called ProSieben Fun. A third channel called ProSieben Maxx started broadcasting on 3 September 2013.

The three different feeds of the channel are: ProSieben (for Germany), ProSieben Austria (for Austria), and ProSieben Schweiz (for Switzerland and Liechtenstein). The main difference is that they have different advertisements and news for each target country.

The channel uses an English slogan: "We love to entertain you."

ProSieben broadcasts from the Astra 1P and 1N satellites and is uplinked by MX1 (now part of SES Video).
Trial Farm
Trial Farm is a village near Orange Walk Town in the Orange Walk District of the nation of Belize. According to the 2000 census, it had a population of 3,443 people. It is located at 29 metres above sea level.

Operation New Horizons 2007 commanded by the Louisiana Army National Guard built two additional rooms on to the school at Trial Farm between 17 March - 12 May 2007.

Orange Walk Town
Orange Walk is the fourth largest town in Belize, with a population of about 13,400 (Official Release of the Main Findings of the 2010 Population and Housing Census). It is the capital of the Orange Walk District. Orange Walk Town is located on the west bank of the New River, 53 miles (85 km) north of Belize City and 30 miles (48 km) south of Corozal Town. Despite the English name of the city, its residents are primarily Spanish-speaking mestizos.
Open-access mandate
An open-access mandate is a policy adopted by a research institution, research funder, or government which requires or recommends researchers—usually university faculty or research staff and/or research grant recipients—to make their published, peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers open access (1) by self-archiving their final, peer-reviewed drafts in a freely accessible institutional repository or disciplinary repository ("Green OA") or (2) by publishing them in an open-access journal ("Gold OA") or both.

Research Councils UK
Research Councils UK, sometimes known as RCUK, was a non-departmental public body that coordinated science policy in the United Kingdom from 2002 to 2018. It was an umbrella organisation that coordinated the seven separate research councils that were responsible for funding and coordinating academic research for the arts, humanities, science and engineering. In 2018 Research Councils transitioned into UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).
Les Mines
Les Mines was the name generally applied the Acadian settlements in the western Minas Basin in Nova Scotia. They included the villages of Grand-Pré, New Minas, Rivière-aux-Canards but usually excluded the villages at Pisiguit, Cobequid, and Beaubassin. The name originated with early French explorers who identified copper mines at Cape d'Or as "Les Mines" and the name was gradually transferred to identify the Basin beyond Cape d'Or and its settlements. Founded in the 1680s, the communities which comprised Les Mines grew and prospered based on skilled development of dyked marsh lands for agriculture. However the settlements were destroyed in the 1755 Bay of Fundy Campaign of the Deportation of the Acadians.

Bay of Fundy campaign
The Bay of Fundy campaign occurred during the French and Indian War (the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War) when the British ordered the Expulsion of the Acadians from Acadia after the Battle of Fort Beauséjour (1755). The campaign started at Chignecto and then quickly moved to Grand-Pré, Rivière-aux-Canards, Pisiguit, Cobequid, and finally Annapolis Royal. Approximately 7,000 Acadians were deported to the New England colonies.
Arrondissements of the Lot department
44°36′30″N 1°40′13″E﻿ / ﻿44.608398°N 1.670364°E﻿ / 44.608398; 1.670364

The 3 arrondissements of the Lot department are:

Arrondissement of Cahors, (prefecture of the Lot department: Cahors) with 98 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 73,707 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Figeac, (subprefecture: Figeac) with 118 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 54,750 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Gourdon, (subprefecture: Gourdon) with 97 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 46,485 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Gourdon
The arrondissement of Gourdon is an arrondissement of France in the Lot department in the Occitanie region. It has 97 communes. Its population is 46,485 (2021), and its area is 1,762.3 km2 (680.4 sq mi).
Sentence-final particle
Sentence-final particles, including modal particles and interactional particles, are minimal lexemes (words) that occur at the end of a sentence and that do not carry referential meaning, but may relate to linguistic modality, register or other pragmatic effects. Sentence-final particles are common in Chinese, including particles such as Mandarin le 了, ne 呢, ba 吧,  ou 哦, a 啊, la 啦, ya 呀, and ma 嗎/吗, and Cantonese lo 囉 and ge 嘅. These particles act as qualifiers of the clause or sentence they end. Sentence-final particles are also present in Japanese and many East Asian languages, such as Thai, and especially in languages that have undergone heavy Sino-Tibetan influence, such as the Monguor languages.

Tag question
A tag question is a construction in which an interrogative element is added to a declarative or an imperative clause. The resulting speech act comprises an assertion paired with a request for confirmation. For instance, the English tag question "You're John, aren't you?" consists of the declarative clause "You're John" and the interrogative tag "aren't you?"
Enterprise liability
Enterprise liability is a legal doctrine under which individual entities (for example, otherwise legally unrelated corporations or people) can be held jointly liable for some action on the basis of being part of a shared enterprise. Enterprise liability is a form of secondary liability.

Secondary liability
Secondary liability, or indirect infringement, arises when a party materially contributes to, facilitates, induces, or is otherwise responsible for directly infringing acts carried out by another party. The US has statutorily codified secondary liability rules for trademarks and patents, but for matters relating to copyright, this has solely been a product of case law developments. In other words, courts, rather than Congress, have been the primary developers of theories and policies concerning secondary liability.
Simijaca Formation
The Simijaca Formation (Spanish: Formación Simijaca, K2S, Kss) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly mudstone formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian and Cenomanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 693 metres (2,274 ft).

Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
Representing Border
Representing Border is a regional television current affairs programme, produced by ITV Tyne Tees & Border, covering political issues from Holyrood, Westminster and local government, affecting Dumfries and Galloway and the Scottish Borders.

The programme was launched on Monday 6 January 2014, as part of an enhanced sub-regional service for southern Scotland, introduced to address concerns over coverage of the Border region since the company's operations were merged with those of ITV Tyne Tees in 2009.

Representing Border is produced from ITV Tyne Tees & Border's Scottish Parliament bureau in Edinburgh and airs on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday nights, following the late-night Border news bulletin. The programme is not broadcast in Cumbria, where networked programming continues to air.

Scottish Borders
The Scottish Borders (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba; Scots: The Mairches), often shortened to the Borders within Scotland, is one of the country's 32 council areas. It is bordered by West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and East Lothian to the north, the North Sea to the east, Dumfries and Galloway to the south-west, South Lanarkshire to the west, and the English ceremonial counties of Cumbria and Northumberland to the south. The area's largest settlement is Galashiels; its administrative centre is Newtown St Boswells.

The term "Scottish Borders" is also used for the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border, namely Dumfries and Galloway, Scottish Borders, Northumberland, and Cumbria. The council area occupies approximately the same area as the historic shires of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, and Selkirkshire.
Don't Be Shallow
Don't Be Shallow is an EP by Sondre Lerche, released as a limited edition on 23 September 2003. It comprises two songs left over from the 2000 album Faces Down (tracks 1 and 3), and two home recordings produced in 2001 (tracks 2 and 4), followed by four exclusive live bonus tracks from Lerche's winter/spring 2003 U.S. solo tours.
The EP is also available very limitedly in Europe.

Faces Down
Faces Down is the first album released by Norwegian singer-songwriter Sondre Lerche, on September 17, 2002.
Lerche wrote all the songs on the album.

The track "Modern Nature" featured prominently in the 2007 film Dan in Real Life, starring Steve Carell and Juliette Binoche; Lerche and his band The Faces Down make a cameo appearance in the movie performing the track.
Drohobycz Ghetto
Drohobycz Ghetto or Drohobych Ghetto was a Nazi ghetto in the city of Drohobych in Western Ukraine during World War II. The ghetto was liquidated mainly between February and November 1942, when most Jews were deported to the Belzec extermination camp.

Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany
Beginning with the invasion of Poland during World War II, the Nazi regime set up ghettos across German-occupied Eastern Europe in order to segregate and confine Jews, and sometimes Romani people, into small sections of towns and cities furthering their exploitation. In German documents, and signage at ghetto entrances, the Nazis usually referred to them as Jüdischer Wohnbezirk or Wohngebiet der Juden, both of which translate as the Jewish Quarter. There were several distinct types including open ghettos, closed ghettos, work, transit, and destruction ghettos, as defined by Holocaust historians. In a number of cases, they were the place of Jewish underground resistance against the German occupation, known collectively as the ghetto uprisings.
Crystallite
A crystallite is a small or even microscopic crystal which forms, for example, during the cooling of many materials. Crystallites are also referred to as grains.

Bacillite is a type of crystallite. It is rodlike with parallel longulites.

Fracture
Fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. The fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. If a displacement develops perpendicular to the surface, it is called a normal tensile crack or simply a crack; if a displacement develops tangentially, it is called a shear crack, slip band, or dislocation.

Brittle fractures occur without any apparent deformation before fracture. Ductile fractures occur after visible deformation. Fracture strength, or breaking strength, is the stress when a specimen fails or fractures. The detailed understanding of how a fracture occurs and develops in materials is the object of fracture mechanics.