hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Pridias
Sir Thomas Pridias (died 1310 or 1311) (alias Prideaux) lord of the manor of Newham (anciently Nunneam, etc.) in the parishes of Kenwyn and Kea, immediately south of the parish of Truro, in Cornwall, was a Member of Parliament for Cornwall in 1298.

Feudal land tenure in England
Under the English feudal system several different forms of land tenure existed, each effectively a contract with differing rights and duties attached thereto. Such tenures could be either free-hold if they were hereditable or perpetual or non-free if they terminated on the tenant's death or at an earlier specified period.
Phoenician votive inscriptions
Phoenician votive inscriptions or Punic votive inscriptions are votive inscriptions in the Phoenician and Punic religion, dedicated to a certain god or gods, mostly on stelae. The inscriptions have a standard formula, including the name of the god (or gods), the statement of the vow, the name of the vower and a closing statement. Most of the inscriptions were found in Carthage, and dedicated to Tinnit, Baʿal Ḥammon or both.

Canaanite religion
The religion and mythic beliefs of the people in the land of Canaan in the southern Levant during approximately the first three millennia BCE were polytheistic and in some cases monolatristic. They were influenced by neighboring cultures, particularly ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian religious practices. The pantheon was headed by the god El and his consort Asherah, with other significant deities including Baal, Anat, Astarte, and Dagon.

Canaanite religious practices included animal sacrifice, veneration of the dead, and the worship of deities through shrines and sacred groves. The religion also featured a complex mythology, including stories of divine battles and cycles of death and rebirth. Archaeological evidence, particularly from sites like Ugarit, and literary sources, including the Ugaritic texts and the Hebrew Bible, have provided most of the current knowledge about Canaanite religion.
Dultgen
The Dultgen halftone intaglio process is a photoengraving technique invented by Arthur Dultgen and is widely used today in commercial colour work.

Two positives are made from the continuous tone copy, one through a halftone screen or a special contact screen and the other without a screen.

A sheet of carbon tissue is then exposed first to the screened positive, which produces an image of dots of varying sizes, then to the continuous-tone positive, which produces differing degrees of hardening of the dot image. The array of dots vary not only in width but also in depth so as to extend the range of tonal values to be reproduced. This method thus uses two methods for controlling tonal values.

Continuous tone image
A continuous-tone image is one in which each color at any point in the image can transition smoothly between shades, rather than being represented by discrete elements such as halftones or pixels.

Examples of continuous-tone images are natural phenomena, images produced with dye-based processes, images produced with certain analog printmaking processes (intaglio, block printing, stone lithography), and paintings. Halftone prints (as produced with inkjet and offset printers), traditional film, and digital screens are not truly continuous-tone since they rely on discrete elements (halftones, grains, or pixels) to create an image. However, the term applies when the appearance is so smooth that the breaks or gaps between tonal values are imperceptible.

TV, computer and phone displays are effectively continuous. Purely analog video signals can provide infinite tone variations according to their gamut.
Sufyan al-Thawri
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza al-Thawrī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْزَة ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ; 716–778 CE / 97–161 AH), commonly known as Sufyān al-Thawrī (Arabic: سُفْيَان ٱلثَّوْرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, ascetic, traditionist, and eponymous founder of the Thawri school of Islamic jurisprudence, considered one of the Eight Ascetics.
His full name is Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza ibn Ḥabīb ibn Mawhiba ibn Naṣr ibn Thaʿlaba ibn Malakān ibn Thawr al-Thawrī al-Rabābī al-Tamīmī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْزَة بْن حَبِيب بْن مَوْهِبَة بْن نَصْر بْن ثَعْلَبَة بْن مَلَكَان بْن ثَوْر ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلرَّبَابِيّ ٱلتَّمِيمِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ).

Muhaddith
A muhaddith (Arabic: ْمُحَدِّث) is a scholar specialized in the study, collection, and interpretation of hadiths, which are the recorded sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. The role of a muhaddith is central to the science of hadith (ʻilm al-ḥadīth), a key field for understanding and preserving Islamic teachings and laws. Muhaddith can either disseminate the hadiths or compile them into an ahadith.
Economic history of Malaysia
Since its formation in 1963, Malaysia's economic performance has been one of Asia's best. Real gross domestic product (GDP) grew by an average of 6.5% per year from 1957 to 2005. Performance peaked in the early 1980s through the mid-1990s, as the economy experienced sustained rapid growth averaging almost 8% annually. Malaysia's economy was greatly impacted by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, but recovered.

High levels of foreign and domestic private investment played a significant role as the economy diversified and modernised. Once heavily dependent on primary products such as rubber and tin, Malaysia today is an upper middle-income country with a multi-sector economy based on services and manufacturing. Malaysia is one of the world's largest exporters of semiconductor components and devices, electrical goods, solar panels, and information and communication technology (ICT) products.

Bursa Malaysia
Bursa Malaysia (MYX or MSX; lit. 'Malaysian Bourse'  or 'Malaysia Exchange') is the stock exchange in Malaysia. It is one of the largest bourses in ASEAN. It is based in Kuala Lumpur and was previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). It provides full integration of transactions, offering a wide range of currency exchange and related services, including trading, settlement, clearing and savings services.

Along with the Securities Commission of Malaysia, the stock exchange regulates the capital market in Malaysia and, through its facilities, upholds the duty to manage and maintain order in the trading of stocks, bonds and derivatives.
Vivaro Romano
Vivaro Romano (Sabino: U Juaru) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Lazio, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Rome.

Vivaro Romano borders the following municipalities: Carsoli, Oricola, Orvinio, Pozzaglia Sabina, Turania, Vallinfreda. Sights include the parish church of San Biagio, the sanctuary of Santa Maria Illuminata and remains of a castle.

Pozzaglia Sabina
Pozzaglia Sabina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Lazio, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Rome and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Rieti.

Among the landmarks in the town is the church of San Nicola di Bari and the Romanesque church of Santo Stefano Protomartire.
Siese
Siese (Ancient Egyptian: zꜣ-ꜣst "son of Isis", Egyptological pronunciation: Zaaset) was a vizier and treasurer of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. He was most likely in office under Senusret III (about 1878 to 1839 BCE).

Treasurer (Ancient Egypt)
The Treasurer (or often also translated as Chancellor) in Ancient Egypt is the modern translation of the title imi-r ḫtmt (word by word: Overseer of the Seal or Overseer of sealed things). The office is known since the end of the Old Kingdom, where people with this title appear sporadically in the organization of private estates.

In the Middle Kingdom, the office became one of the most important ones at the royal court. At the end of the 18th Dynasty, the title lost its importance, although the famous Bay had this office. In the later New Kingdom the function of a treasurer was overtaken by the overseer of the treasury.

The treasurer was responsible for products coming to the royal palace. They were the main economic administrator of the royal belongings.
2016 Punjab sweet poisoning
From 20 April to 8 May 2016, at least 33 people, including five children, died in District Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan, after eating purposely poisoned laddu, a baked confection. Testing of the confectioneries revealed they were laced with the highly toxic insecticide chlorfenapyr. A sweet shop owner, Khalid Mahmood, confessed to mixing the pesticide into the sweets after an argument with his brother and co-owner.

Layyah District
Layyah District (Saraiki: ضلع ليّہ, Urdu: ضلع ليہ), is a district in the Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the southern part of the province. The city of Layyah is the administrative headquarters of Layyah district. Layyah has a hot, semi-arid climate.
2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group 7
Group 7 of the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consisted of six teams: Germany, Russia, Austria, Finland, Azerbaijan, and Faroe Islands. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 5 February 2015.

The group was played in home-and-away round-robin format. The group winners qualified directly for the final tournament, while the runners-up advanced to the play-offs if they were one of the four best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team).

2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification play-offs
The play-offs of the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition involve the four runners-up with the best records among all nine groups in the qualifying group stage: Austria, Norway, Serbia, and Spain. The draw for the play-offs was held on 14 October 2016.

The play-offs are played in home-and-away two-legged format. The two play-off winners qualify for the final tournament.
Nambashi
Nambashi is a common reference to five villages in Kamjong District, Manipur State, India. Nambashi consists of Nambashi Khullen, Nambashi Khunou, Nambashi Horton, Nambashi Kachumram and Nambashi Valley. The villages fall under Kasom Khullen Sub-Division. The village is connected by Ukhrul-Phungyar NH-102A (Shangshak Tengnoupal) and Kasom-Yairipok ADB road. Nambashi is flanked by Tarong in the North, Kashung in the south, Tuyungbi RiverPunge and Sorde in the east and Taret River in the west. Locally, the inhabitants speak Dardouy dialect that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.

Sorde, Manipur
Sorde is a village located south-west of Kamjong in Kamjong District, Manipur state, India. The village falls under Phungyar sub division. The village is partially connected by Ukhrul-Phungyar state highway and Shangshak-Yairipok district road. Sorde is flanked by Khamlang in the west, Punge in the south, Kangpat in the east and Phungyar in the north. Locally, the inhabitants speak Sorde dialect that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.
Haemadin
In molecular biology, haemadin is an anticoagulant peptide synthesised by the Indian leech, Haemadipsa sylvestris.
It adopts a secondary structure consisting of five short beta-strands (beta1-beta5), which are arranged in two antiparallel distorted sheets formed by strands beta1-beta4-beta5 and beta2-beta3 facing each other. This beta-sandwich is stabilised by six enclosed cysteines arranged in a [1-2, 3-5, 4-6] disulfide pairing resulting in a disulfide-rich hydrophobic core that is largely inaccessible to bulk solvent. The close proximity of disulfide bonds [3-5] and [4-6] organises haemadin into four distinct loops. The N-terminal segment of this domain binds to the active site of thrombin, inhibiting it.

Haemadin (MEROPS I14.002) belongs to a superfamily (MEROPS IM) of protease inhibitors that also includes hirudin (MEROPS I14.001) and antistasin (MEROPS I15).

Protein domain
In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of different proteins. Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions. In general, domains vary in length from between about 50 amino acids up to 250 amino acids in length. The shortest domains, such as zinc fingers, are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF hand domain of calmodulin. Because they are independently stable, domains can be "swapped" by genetic engineering between one protein and another to make chimeric proteins.
Baku Higher Combined Arms Command School
The Baku Higher Combined Arms Command School (BVOKU) was one of the military academies of the USSR. It trained military personnel in a number of specializations. It was located in Baku in the Azerbaijan SSR.

Marshal of the Soviet Union
Marshal of the Soviet Union (Russian: Маршал Советского Союза, romanized: Marshal sovetskogo soyuza, pronounced [ˈmarʂəl sɐˈvʲetskəvə sɐˈjuzə]) was the second-highest military rank of the Soviet Union. It was de facto the highest rank because its superior rank, Generalissimo, was only applied to Joseph Stalin, who preferred to wear the uniform and insignia of a Marshal after World War II.

The rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union was created in 1935 and abolished in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Forty-one people held this rank. The equivalent naval rank was until 1955 admiral of the fleet and from 1955 Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union.
2017 Trail World Championships
The 2017 Trail World Championships was the 7th edition of the global trail running competition, Trail World Championships, organised by the International Association of Ultrarunners (IAU) and was held in Badia Prataglia (Italy), the 10 June 2017.

IAU Trail World Championships
The IAU Trail World Championships are annual trail running World Championships, from 2007 up to 2015 was biennial, held for the first time in Huntsville, United States in 2007 and organised by International Association of Ultrarunners.

The 2021 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships (abbreviated WMTRC 2021), held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from November 4–6, 2022, combined the World Mountain Running Championships and IAU Trail World Championships.
Daihatsu Taft
The Daihatsu Taft (Japanese: ダイハツ・タフト, Hepburn: Daihatsu Tafuto) is an automobile nameplate used by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Daihatsu since 1974 for three different off-road oriented vehicles:

Daihatsu Taft (F10), a mini off-road vehicle built from 1974 to 1984

Daihatsu Taft (F70), a rebadged Rugger sold in Indonesia from 1984 to 2007

Daihatsu Taft (LA900), a crossover-styled kei car built since 2020

Daihatsu Taft (LA900)
The LA900 series Daihatsu Taft (Japanese: ダイハツ・タフト, Hepburn: Daihatsu Tafuto) is a crossover SUV-styled kei car produced by Japanese automaker Daihatsu. It is built on Daihatsu New Global Architecture (DNGA) platform and replaced the Cast Activa and Sport. It was first introduced at the 2020 Tokyo Auto Salon in January 2020 as a prototype vehicle and went on sale in June 2020.
2017 Båstad Challenger
The 2017 Båstad Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Båstad, Sweden between 10 and 15 July 2017.

Båstad Challenger
The Båstad Challenger was a men's tennis tournament held in Båstad, Sweden founded in 2016. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts until 2018 when it was discontinued.
Howden Edge
Howden Edge (grid reference SK187943) is a peak in the north-east of the Upper Derwent Valley area of the Peak District National Park in England. At 545 m (1,788 ft), it is the second-highest marked point within South Yorkshire, after Margery Hill 546 m (1,791 ft). The highest point itself being High Stones at 548 m (1,798 ft) which is only shown on 1:25,000 scale maps and larger.

It is north-east of Howden Reservoir and north of Abbey Brook.

53°26′43″N 1°43′12″W﻿ / ﻿53.44514°N 1.71993°W﻿ / 53.44514; -1.71993

High Stones
High Stones, at 548 metres (1,798 ft), is the highest point within the boundaries of both the City of Sheffield and South Yorkshire, England.

High Stones lies on the Howden Moors towards in the northern Peak District National Park, between Langsett Reservoir to the north-east and Howden Reservoir to the south-west. The area is managed by the National Trust, as part of the Nether Hey area of their High Peak Estate.
Outer space (mathematics)
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, the Culler–Vogtmann Outer space or just Outer space of a free group Fn is a topological space consisting of the so-called "marked metric graph structures" of volume 1 on Fn. The Outer space, denoted Xn or CVn, comes equipped with a natural action of the group of outer automorphisms Out(Fn) of Fn. The Outer space was introduced in a 1986 paper of Marc Culler and Karen Vogtmann, and it serves as a free group analog of the Teichmüller space of a hyperbolic surface. Outer space is used to study homology and cohomology groups of Out(Fn) and to obtain information about algebraic, geometric and dynamical properties of Out(Fn), of its subgroups and individual outer automorphisms of Fn. The space Xn can also be thought of as the set of Fn-equivariant isometry types of minimal free discrete isometric actions of Fn on R-trees T such that the quotient metric graph T/Fn has volume 1.

Free group
In mathematics, the free group  over a given set  consists of all words that can be built from members of , considering two words to be different unless their equality follows from the group axioms (e.g.  but  for ). The members of  are called generators of , and the number of generators is the rank of the free group.
An arbitrary group  is called free if it is isomorphic to  for some subset  of , that is, if there is a subset  of  such that every element of  can be written in exactly one way as a product of finitely many elements of  and their inverses (disregarding trivial variations such as ).

A related but different notion is a free abelian group; both notions are particular instances of a free object from universal algebra. As such, free groups are defined by their universal property.
Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Production Design in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production
The Annie Award for Production Design in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production is an Annie Award given annually to the best production design in animated television or broadcasting productions. Prior to the creation of the category in 1997, television productions competed alongside feature films in the Best Individual Achievement for Artistic Excellence in the Field of Animation award, presented in 1994, later renamed Best Individual Achievement for Production Design in the Field of Animation to for 1995 and 1996.

Annie Awards
The Annie Awards are accolades which the Los Angeles branch of the International Animated Film Association, ASIFA-Hollywood, has presented each year since 1972 to recognize excellence in animation shown in American cinema and television. Originally designed to celebrate lifetime or career contributions to animation, the award has been given to individual works since 1992, becoming the biggest awards ceremony in the United States for the animation industry.

Membership in ASIFA-Hollywood is divided into three main categories: General Member (for professionals), Patron (for enthusiasts of animation), and Student Member. Members in each category pay a fee to belong to the branch. Selected professional members of the branch are permitted to vote to decide the awards.

The 48th and 49th Annie Awards ceremonies were held virtually on April 16, 2021, and March 12, 2022, respectively, due to the then ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Ice Box (Washington)
Ice Box is an 8,112-foot (2,473-metre) mountain summit located in the Entiat Mountains, a sub-range of the North Cascades, in Chelan County of Washington state. Ice Box ranks as ninth-highest in the Entiat Mountains, and 147th of Washington's highest 200 peaks. Its nearest higher neighbor is Mount Maude, 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the north, Spectacle Buttes are set 1.9 miles (3.1 km) to the northeast, and Chilly Peak is 1.3 miles (2.1 km) to the southeast. Ice Box is situated 1.25 miles (2.01 km) south of Ice Lakes in the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains east into Ice Creek, or west into Box Creek. This peak is positioned between these two creeks, hence its name.

Chelan County, Washington
Chelan County (/ʃəˈlæn/, shə-LAN) is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 79,074. The county seat and largest city is Wenatchee. The county was created out of Okanogan and Kittitas Counties on March 13, 1899. It derives its name from a Chelan Indian word meaning "deep water," likely a reference to 55-mile (89 km)-long Lake Chelan, which reaches a maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453 m).

Chelan County is part of the Wenatchee, Washington, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the four U.S. representatives from the state of Iowa, one from each of the state's four congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on June 7.

2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, to elect the four U.S. representatives from the state of Iowa, one from each of the state's four congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including governor of Iowa and United States Senate. Primary elections were held on June 4, 2014. As no candidate won more than 35% of the vote in the 3rd district Republican primary, that nomination was decided at a party convention on June 21.
First Aid Convention Europe
The First Aid Convention in Europe (FACE) brings together around 1,000 participants from 30 countries each year in order to find out the most efficient team in a First Aid competition.  The teams come from the different National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in each country.  Each team consists of six people.

British Red Cross
The British Red Cross Society (Welsh: Y Groes Goch Brydeinig) is the United Kingdom body of the worldwide neutral and impartial humanitarian network the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The society was formed in 1870, and is a registered charity with 10,500 volunteers and 3,500 staff. At the heart of their work is providing help to people in crisis, both in the UK and overseas. The Red Cross is committed to helping people without discrimination, regardless of their ethnic origin, nationality, political beliefs or religion. Queen Elizabeth II was the patron of the society until her death in 2022, and was replaced by her successor King Charles III, who previously served as president between 2003 and 2024.

In the year ending December 2023, the charity's income was £331 million, which included £32M from government contracts and £34M from government grants. Total expenditure was £323M, of which £246M (76%) of its income delivering its charitable activities.