hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drenka Willen
Drenka Opalic Willen (born 1929) is a Serbian-American editor, publisher and translator, credited for discovering authors Günter Grass, Umberto Eco, José Saramago, Amos Oz, Wisława Szymborska and others.

Milovan Djilas
Milovan Djilas (/ˈdʒɪlɒs/; Serbian: Милован Ђилас, Milovan Đilas, pronounced [mîlɔʋan dʑîlaːs]; 12 June 1911 – 20 April 1995) was a Yugoslav communist politician, theorist and author. He was a key figure in the Partisan movement during World War II, as well as in the post-war government. A self-identified democratic socialist, Djilas became one of the best-known and most prominent dissidents in Yugoslavia and all of Eastern Europe.
Paradox of radiation of charged particles in a gravitational field
The paradox of a charge in a gravitational field is an apparent physical paradox in the context of general relativity. A charged particle at rest in a gravitational field, such as on the surface of the Earth, must be supported by a force to prevent it from falling. According to the equivalence principle, it should be indistinguishable from a particle in flat spacetime being accelerated by a force. Maxwell's equations say that an accelerated charge should radiate electromagnetic waves, yet such radiation is not observed for stationary particles in gravitational fields.

One of the first to study this problem was Max Born in his 1909 paper about the consequences of a charge in uniformly accelerated frame. Earlier concerns and possible solutions were raised by Wolfgang Pauli (1918), Max von Laue (1919), and others, but the most recognized work on the subject is the resolution of Thomas Fulton and Fritz Rohrlich in 1960.

Physical paradox
A physical paradox is an apparent contradiction in physical descriptions of the universe. While multiple physical paradoxes have accepted resolutions, others defy resolution and may indicate flaws in theory. In physics as in all of science, contradictions and paradoxes are generally assumed to be artifacts of error and incompleteness because reality is assumed to be completely consistent, although this is itself a philosophical assumption. When, as in fields such as quantum physics and relativity theory, existing assumptions about reality have been shown to break down, this has usually been dealt with by changing our understanding of reality to a new one which remains self-consistent in the presence of the new evidence.
Tafsir Novin
Tafsir Novin is an exegesis on the Quran written by Mohammad Taghi Shariati (b.1907 - d.1987), father of Ali Shariati.

The author is believed to be one of the pioneers of age-dependent commentation in Iran. Inspired by religious reformist ideas, in his book he targets common people. He avoids philosophical terms and tries to use as little lexicographical discussions as possible. From older commentaries, he cites Majma' al-Bayan, Al-Tibbyan Fi Tafsir al-Quran, and Tafsir al-Kabir (al-Razi) which he both uses as reference and at times criticises.

Al-Tibbyan Fi Tafsir al-Quran
At-Tibyan Fi Tafsir al-Quran (Arabic: التبیان في تفسیر القرآن, romanized: at-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qurān) is an exegesis  of the Quran in ten volumes written by Shaykh Tusi. Shaykh Tabarsi, the author of Majma' al-Bayan, admitted using this book in writing his commentary. A copy is available at the Malek Library, Tehran. This exegesis has been published along with its summary as Mukhtasar-ut-Tibyan. The author uses hadith as a major component in writing his commentary and preserves the traditions of several of Twelver Shi'i imams.

According to Bar-Asher, beginning with al-Tusi, Imami exegetes started a new trend in which hadith was no longer the only means of interpreting Quran.
Kancheepuram Assembly constituency
Kancheepuram is a state assembly constituency in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 37. It comprises a portion of Kanchipuram taluk and is a part of the similarly named constituency that is used for national elections to the Parliament of India. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Kancheepuram Lok Sabha constituency
12°49′N 79°43′E﻿ / ﻿12.82°N 79.71°E﻿ / 12.82; 79.71

Kancheepuram is a newly formed Lok Sabha (Parliament of India) constituency after the 2008 delimitation. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 6 of 39.

The constituency originally existed for the 1951 election.

This constituency is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates.
Lockheed R6V Constitution
The Lockheed R6V Constitution was a large, propeller-driven, double-decker transport aircraft developed in the 1940s by Lockheed as a long-range, high-capacity transport and airliner for the U.S. Navy and Pan American Airways. Only two of the aircraft were ever built, both prototypes.  Although these two planes went into service with the Navy, the Constitution design ultimately proved underpowered and too large for practical airline use at the time. Although the Martin JRM Mars flying boat had a slightly longer wingspan, the Constitution remains the largest fixed-wing aircraft type ever operated by the U.S. Navy.

Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major
The Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major is an American 28-cylinder four-row radial piston aircraft engine designed and built during World War II. At 4,362.5 cu in (71.5 L), it is the largest-displacement aviation piston engine to be mass-produced in the United States, and at 4,300 hp (3,200 kW) the most powerful. The prototype first ran on 28 April 1941, with production-standard engines running in 1944. It was the last of the Pratt & Whitney Wasp family, and the culmination of its maker's piston engine technology.

The war was over before it could power airplanes into combat. It powered many of the last generation of large piston-engined aircraft before turbojets, but was supplanted by equivalent (and superior) powered turboprops (such as the Allison T56).

Its main rival was the twin-row, 18-cylinder, nearly 3,350 cu in (54.9 L) displacement, up to 3,700 hp (2,800 kW) Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone, first run some seven years earlier (May 1937).
Beartrap Canyon Wilderness
Beartrap Canyon Wilderness is a 40-acre (0.2 km2) wilderness area in the US state of Utah.  It was designated March 30, 2009, as part of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009.  Located adjacent to the Kolob Canyons region of Zion National Park, it encompasses and protects part of Beartrap Canyon Creek, a tributary of the Wild & Scenic Virgin River.  Beartrap Canyon Wilderness is bordered by the Zion Wilderness to the east.

Access to the canyon is from the LaVerkin Creek Trail in Zion National Park.

Virgin River
The Virgin River is a tributary of the Colorado River in the U.S. states of Utah, Nevada, and Arizona. The river is about 162 miles (261 km) long. It was designated Utah's first wild and scenic river in 2009, during the centennial celebration of Zion National Park.
Eldon Range
The Eldon Range is a mountain range located in the west coast region of Tasmania, Australia.

The range is located at the north eastern edge of Lake Burbury and is part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area which includes the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park.

The range is east of the main line of the West Coast Range and runs at right angle to it in a west–east direction. It is separated from that range by the King River valley and is bordered by the Eldon River to the north and west.

West Coast, Tasmania
The West Coast of Tasmania is one of the regions of Tasmania in Australia. It is mainly isolated rough country and is associated with wilderness, mining and tourism. It served as the location of a convict settlement in the early history of Van Diemen's Land, and contrasts sharply with the more developed and populous northern and eastern parts of the island state.
Ducrete
DUCRETE (Depleted Uranium Concrete) is a high density concrete alternative investigated for use in construction of casks for storage of radioactive waste. It is a composite material containing depleted uranium dioxide aggregate instead of conventional gravel, with a Portland cement binder.

Aggregate (composite)
Aggregate is the component of a composite material that resists compressive stress and provides bulk to the material. For efficient filling, aggregate should be much smaller than the finished item, but have a wide variety of sizes. Aggregates are generally added to lower the amount of binders needed and to increase the strength of composite materials.

Sand and gravel are used as construction aggregate with cement to make concrete and increase its mechanical strength. Aggregates make up 60-80% of the volume of concrete and 70-85% of the mass of concrete.
NOAA-17
NOAA-17, also known as NOAA-M before launch, was an operational, polar orbiting, weather satellite series (NOAA K-N) operated by the National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-17 also continued the series of Advanced TIROS-N (ATN) spacecraft begun with the launch of NOAA-8 (NOAA-E) in 1983 but with additional new and improved instrumentation over the NOAA A-L series and a new launch vehicle (Titan 23G).

Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer
The Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument is a space-borne sensor that measures the reflectance of the Earth in five spectral bands that are relatively wide by today's standards. AVHRR instruments are or have been carried by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) family of polar orbiting platforms (POES) and European MetOp satellites. The instrument scans several channels; two are centered on the red (0.6 micrometres) and near-infrared (0.9 micrometres) regions, a third one is located around 3.5 micrometres, and another two the thermal radiation emitted by the planet, around 11 and 12 micrometres.

The first AVHRR instrument was a four-channel radiometer. The final version, AVHRR/3, first carried on NOAA-15 launched in May 1998, acquires data in six channels. The AVHRR has been succeeded by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, carried on the Joint Polar Satellite System spacecraft.
Grabovac, Osijek-Baranja County
Grabovac (Hungarian: Albertfalu, Serbian Cyrillic: Грабовац, German: Albertsdorf) is a settlement in the region of Baranja in Croatia. It is in Čeminac municipality in Osijek-Baranja County. In 2011 its population was 872.

Osijek-Baranja County
Osijek-Baranja County (pronounced [ôsijeːk bǎraɲa], Croatian: Osječko-baranjska županija, Hungarian: Eszék-Baranya megye) is a county in Croatia, located in northeastern Slavonia and Baranja which is defined part of the Pannonian Plain. Its center is Osijek. Other towns include Đakovo, Našice, Valpovo, Belišće, and Beli Manastir.
Manica Province
Manica is a province of Mozambique. It has an area of 62,272 km2 and a population of 1,945,994 (2017 census). The province is surrounded by Zimbabwe to the west, Tete Province to the northwest, Sofala Province to the east, the Save River to the south, and the Zambezi river to the northeast. Chimoio is the capital of the province. The highest mountain in Mozambique, Mount Binga (2436 m), lies in this province on the border with Zimbabwe. The Manica province is divided into nine districts and 34 administrative regions.

Tete Province
Tete is a province of Mozambique, located in the northwest of the country. It has an area of 98,417 km2 and a population of 2,648,941 (2017 census).

Tete is the capital of the province. The Cahora Bassa Dam is situated in this province.
A Meat Stall with the Holy Family Giving Alms
A Meat Stall with the Holy Family Giving Alms is a painting by the Dutch artist Pieter Aertsen (1508–1575). It was completed in 1551. A large painting, it depicts a peasant market scene, with an abundance of meats and other foods. In the background, it shows a scene from the biblical theme of the flight into Egypt, where the Virgin Mary is seen stopped on the road, giving alms to the poor. Thus, although the painting seems to be at first sight an ordinary still life concentrating on foodstuffs, it is rich with symbolism; it in fact hides a symbolic religious meaning, and embodies a visual metaphor encouraging spiritual life. Aertsen made a name for himself during the 1550s painting scenes from everyday life in a naturalistic manner.

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Automated Patrol Telescope
The Automated Patrol Telescope (APT) was a wide-field CCD imaging telescope, operated by the University of New South Wales at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia.

The telescope activated in June 1989.

This was one of four (4) ROTSE telescopes around the World to detect Gamma ray bursts, with telescopes positioned in Australia, Namibia, Turkey, and Texas. The telescope was designed for robotic use, with 45 cm aperture. 
The telescope was converted for computer controlled operation and CCD imaging from an older retired Baker-nunn camera. This is a type of modified Schmidt canera.

The telescope has a field of view of 5 degrees by 5 degrees.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Alf Kaartvedt
Alf Kaartvedt (2 March 1921 – 24 August 2013) was a Norwegian historian.
He was born in Bergen. He held the dr.philos. degree and was Professor of History at the University of Bergen from 1957 to his retirement in 1988. He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

He was a specialist on Norwegian history around 1900, with titles including Kongeriket Norges Hypotekbank 1852–1952 (1952), Kampen mot parlamentarisme 1880–84 (1956), volume one of Stortingets historie (1964) and volume one of Høyres historie (1984), the history of the Conservative Party.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
Kąp, Gmina Miłki
Kąp [kɔmp] is a settlement, part of the village of Ruda in the administrative district of Gmina Miłki, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.

Ruda, Giżycko County
Ruda [ˈruda] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miłki, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Miłki, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Giżycko, and 91 km (57 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
BET Awards 2010
The 10th BET Awards took place at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California on June 27, 2010. The awards recognized Americans in music, acting, sports, and other fields of entertainment over the past year. Queen Latifah hosted the event for the first time.

BET Awards
The BET Awards are an American award show that was established in 2001 by the Black Entertainment Television network to celebrate Black entertainers and other minorities in music, film, sports and philanthropy. The awards, which are presented annually, are broadcast live on BET. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by artists; some of the awards of more popular interest are presented in a televised ceremony.
Samuel Sparshott
Commander Samuel Sparshott (1783 – 10 November 1851) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the Napoleonic Wars. As signal-mate on HMS Caledonia, he was called to testify at the court-martial of James, Lord Gambier.  As commander, his last ship was HMS Nimrod, which was driven by a gale onto rocks in Holyhead Bay. Although he and his crew refloated the ship and brought her to dry dock for repair, she was too damaged for naval use, and was sold. His final office was Deputy Inspector-General of the Coast Guard, a position that he held for over twenty years. After he died, it was suggested that he might be called, "Father of the Coast Guard".

Sparshott was descended from Hampshire farmers, and was the seventh of eleven siblings. His brother was Admiral Edward Sparshott, R.N.,  K.H., K.R.E.

Highgate Cemetery
Highgate Cemetery is a place of burial in North London, England, designed by architect Stephen Geary. There are approximately 170,000 people buried in around 53,000 graves across the West and East sides. Highgate Cemetery is notable both for some of the people buried there either in coffins or urns as well as for its de facto status as a nature reserve. The Cemetery is designated Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
2017 J&T Banka Prague Open
The 2017 J&T Banka Prague Open was a professional tennis tournaments played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 8th edition of the tournament, and its second as part of the International category of the 2017 WTA Tour. It took place at the TK Sparta Prague in Prague, Czech Republic, from 1 May until 6 May 2017.

2017 WTA Tour
The 2017 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2017 tennis season. The 2017 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2017 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Kurdish horse
The Kurdish horse (Kurdish: ئەسپی کورد; Hespê Kurd; Persian: اسب کرد; Asb-e Kord) or the Kurd horse, is the traditional horse breed of the Kurds. The horse is native to Greater Kurdistan and is found all throughout it. The breed originated from Iranian Kurdistan and is one of the national breeds of Iran, alongside the Caspian, Turkoman, Assil, and Dareshuri.

Caspian horse
The Caspian is an Iranian breed of pony or small horse of Oriental type.

The breed was rediscovered in 1965 by an Iranian aristocrat in Tehran, Narcy Firouz, and his American-born wife, Louise Laylin, from a base stock of a small number of small horses found in the Elburz Mountains in Amol. In 2011, the remains of a small horse dating back to 3400 B.C.E. were found at Gohar Tappeh, Iran, giving rise to claims that today's Caspian originates from the oldest known breed of the domestic horse. It is also one of the rarest horse breeds and its population status is critically endangered.
Suburban Gothic
Suburban Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction, art, film and television, focused on anxieties associated with the creation of suburban communities, particularly in the United States and the Western world, from the 1950s and 1960s onwards.

American Gothic fiction
American gothic fiction is a subgenre of gothic fiction. Elements specific to American Gothic include: rationality versus the irrational, puritanism, guilt, the uncanny (das Unheimliche), ab-humans, ghosts, and monsters.
Joseph Coles Kirby
Joseph Coles Kirby (10 June 1837 – 1 August 1924) was an English flour miller who migrated to Sydney, Australia in 1854. In 1864, Kirby was ordained in the Congregational Churches and then ministered to rural and city congregations in Queensland and South Australia and supported or led many causes for social reform such as the temperance movement, women's suffrage and "social purity", raising the age of consent to 16 in Australia.

Six o'clock swill
The six o'clock swill was an Australian and New Zealand slang term for the last-minute rush to buy drinks at a hotel bar before it closed. During a large part of the 20th century, most Australian and New Zealand hotels shut their public bars at 6 pm. A culture of heavy drinking developed during the time between finishing work at 5 pm and the mandatory closing time only an hour later.
Burgenland Croats
Burgenland Croats (Croatian: Gradišćanski Hrvati, German: Burgenlandkroaten, Hungarian: Burgenlandi horvátok, Slovak: Burgendlandskí Chorváti) are ethnic Croats in the Austrian state of Burgenland, along with Croats in neighboring Hungary and Slovakia.

Around 320,000 residents of Austria identify as of Croat heritage; 56,785 have, as sole or multiple nationality, Croatian citizenship as at 2017. Between 87,000 and 130,000 of them are Burgenland Croats.

Since 1993, Croatian organizations have appointed their representatives to the Council for National Minorities of the Austrian government.

Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (German: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag [ˈøːstɐraɪçɪʃɐ ˈʃtaːtsfɐˌtraːɡ] ⓘ) or Austrian Independence Treaty established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying powers (France, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union) and the Austrian government. The neighbouring Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia acceded to the treaty subsequently. It officially came into force on 27 July 1955.

Its full title is "Treaty for the re-establishment of an independent and democratic Austria, signed in Vienna on 15 May 1955" (German: Staatsvertrag betreffend die Wiederherstellung eines unabhängigen und demokratischen Österreich, unterzeichnet in Wien am 15. Mai).
Fighting the World
Fighting the World is the fifth album by the American heavy metal band Manowar, released in February 1987 by ATCO Records. This was the first Manowar album to feature artwork by long-time collaborator Ken Kelly, and also one of the earliest heavy metal albums to be recorded and mixed entirely on digital equipment. Since Fighting the World, all Manowar album covers have been painted by Ken Kelly.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.