hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Settlement risk
Settlement risk, also known as delivery risk or counterparty risk, is the risk that a counterparty (or intermediary agent) fails to deliver a security or its value in cash as per agreement after the  first party has delivered the security or cash value. The term covers factors incidental to the settlement process that may suspend or prevent a trade from completing, even should the parties themselves be in agreement, act in good faith, and are otherwise competent to perform.

The term applies only to risks inherent to the settlement method of a particular transaction. Broader risks of trading such as political risk or systemic risk may interrupt markets and prevent settlement, but these are not settlement risk per se.

Systemic risk
In finance, systemic risk is the risk of collapse of an entire financial system or entire market, as opposed to the risk associated with any one individual entity, group or component of a system, that can be contained therein without harming the entire system. It can be defined as "financial system instability, potentially catastrophic, caused or exacerbated by idiosyncratic events or conditions in financial intermediaries". It refers to the risks imposed by interlinkages and interdependencies in a system or market, where the failure of a single entity or cluster of entities can cause a cascading failure, which could potentially bankrupt or bring down the entire system or market. It is also sometimes erroneously referred to as "systematic risk".
Needles, British Columbia
Needles is an unincorporated locality on the west shore of Lower Arrow Lake in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. The western terminal for the Needles Ferry to Fauquier, the landing on Highway 6 is 108 kilometres (67 mi) east of Lumby, and 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Nakusp.

British Columbia Highway 6
Highway 6 is a two-lane highway passing between the Kootenay and Okanagan regions in the province of British Columbia, Canada.  It is divided into two parts—the Nelson-Nelway Highway between the Canada–United States border and Nelson, and the Vernon-Slocan Highway between South Slocan and Vernon. Highway 6 is a north–south highway between Nelway and the Needles Ferry and an east–west highway between the Needles Ferry and Vernon; it has a total length of 407 km (253 mi). It first opened in 1941 and, aside from minor realignments along its concurrences with 3 and 3A, its very winding path through the western Kootenays has not changed since.
David R. Brillinger
David Ross Brillinger (born 1937) FRSC is a statistician and Emeritus Professor of Statistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He received his PhD from Princeton in 1961 under John Tukey. Brillinger's former doctoral students include Peter Guttorp, Ross Ihaka, Rafael Irizarry and Victor Panaretos.

Peter Guttorp
Peter Guttorp is a statistician, born in Sweden, with most of his career in the United States. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Washington and professor at the Norwegian Computing Center. Most of his work is in stochastic modeling of scientific data in hematology, geosciences, and climatology, with particular focus on spatial and spatio-temporal approaches. He has also worked in the history of statistics.

Guttorp received a journalist exam from the Stockholm School of Journalism in 1969, and a PhD in Statistics from the University of California at Berkeley in 1980. He was awarded an honorary doctorate from Lund University in 2009.

Guttorp is a fellow of the American Statistical Association, and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He is an elected member of the International Statistical Institute and served on its executive committee as vice president from 2017 to 2021. He was president of the International Environmetric Society from 2002 to 2004.
Second Battle of Kernstown
The Second Battle of Kernstown was fought on July 24, 1864, at Kernstown, Virginia, outside Winchester, Virginia, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 in the American Civil War. The Confederate Army of the Valley under Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early soundly defeated the Union Army of West Virginia under Brig. Gen. George Crook and drove it from the Shenandoah Valley back over the Potomac River into Maryland. As a result, Early was able to launch the Confederacy's last major raid into northern Union territory, attacking the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in Maryland and West Virginia and burning Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, in retaliation for the burning of civilian houses and farms earlier in the campaign.

Valley campaigns of 1864
The Valley campaigns of 1864 began as operations initiated by Union  Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and resulting battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864. Some military historians divide this period into three separate campaigns. This article considers them together, as the campaigns interacted and built upon one another.
Ștefan Radu
Ștefan Daniel Radu (Romanian pronunciation: [ʃteˈfan daniˈel ˈradu]; born 22 October 1986) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a left-back or a centre-back and spent the majority of his professional career with Lazio.

After a stint in his home country with Dinamo București during which he earned three domestic honours, including one national title, Radu moved to Lazio on an initial loan in 2008. He spent the rest of his career with the Biancocelesti, gaining team captaincy and winning the Coppa Italia and the Supercoppa Italiana on three occasions each. Radu became the leading appearance maker for Lazio in all competitions in 2021, and two years later retired from football.

Radu registered his senior debut for the Romania national team in 2006, and made thirteen appearances before retiring early in 2013, at age 26.

2017 Supercoppa Italiana
The 2017 Supercoppa Italiana was the 30th edition of the Supercoppa Italiana. It was played on 13 August 2017 in Rome, Italy. With Juventus winning both the 2016–17 Serie A championship and the 2016–17 Coppa Italia, the game was played between Juventus and the 2016–17 Coppa Italia runners-up, Lazio. Lazio won the match 3–2 and claimed their fourth Supercoppa title.
1960 Ford
The mainstream full-sized Ford line of cars from 1960 to 1964 was now complemented by a variety of other Fords, including the Thunderbird and compact Falcon, and from 1962 the midsized Fairlane. So the mainline car grew even more, now riding on a 119 in (3023 mm) wheelbase. The engines were carried over from the 1959 Ford, as was the basic chassis design, but the sheetmetal was modern. The retracting Skyliner hardtop was gone, though the Sunliner convertible remained, and the Fairlane name would last only two years before migrating to a new midsize model.

Ford Thunderbird (third generation)
The third generation of the Ford Thunderbird is a personal luxury car produced by Ford for the 1961 to 1963 model years. It featured new and much sleeker styling (done by Bill Boyer) than the second generation models. Sales were strong, if not quite up to record-breaking 1960, at 73,051 including 10,516 convertibles. A new, larger 390 cu in (6.4 L) FE-series V8 was the only engine available (in 1961). The Thunderbird was 1961's Indianapolis 500 pace car, and featured prominently in US President John F. Kennedy's inaugural parade, probably aided by the appointment of Ford executive Robert McNamara as Secretary of Defense.
1999–2000 Asian Club Championship
The 1999–2000 Asian Club Championship was the 19th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the AFC region (Asia). It determined that year's club champion of association football in Asia.

Al-Hilal defeated defending champions Júbilo Iwata 3–2 in the final, which was held at the King Fahd International Stadium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to win their second continental title. They became the first team from West Asia to win the tournament since PAS Tehran's victory in 1993. As winners, Al-Hilal earned the right to play against the 1999–2000 Asian Cup Winners' Cup winners Shimizu S-Pulse in the 2000 Asian Super Cup, and automatically qualified for the 2000–01 Asian Club Championship.

1992–93 Asian Club Championship
The 1992–93 Asian Club Championship was the 12th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the AFC region (Asia). It determined that year's club champion of association football in Asia.

PAS Tehran of Iran won the final and become Asian champions for the first time.
Bnei Brak–Ramat HaHayal railway station
Bnei Brak–Ramat HaHayal railway station is a suburban passenger railway station in Israel, operated by Israel Railways. It is located on the Yarkon Railway near the Bnei Brak–Ramat Gan and Bnei Brak–Tel Aviv borders next to the Ayalon Mall and Ramat Gan Stadium. In spite of its proximity to important industrial and commercial areas of Gush Dan as well as to residential areas of Tel Aviv, Bnei Brak is one of the less-popular stations of Israel Railways, possibly because of its misleading name and lack of awareness. As a result, in an effort to increase the public's awareness of the station, the name of the Ramat HaHayal neighborhood located to the north of the station was added to the station's name in 2016.

The station is located approximately 200 meters from the three-borders point between Bnei Brak, Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan, which is situated near the bridge of Mivtza Kadesh Street over the Yarkon River.

Dan Bus Company
Dan Bus Company (Hebrew: דן חברה לתחבורה ציבורית) is an Israeli bus company based in Tel Aviv. It operates local bus service in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area and Be'er Sheva.

Dan operates 1,200 buses and has 2,400 employees. It transports approximately over 600,000 passengers daily. Combined with its southern subsidiaries, its fleet numbers 2,500.
Serik
Serik is a municipality and district of Antalya Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,263 km2, and its population is 139,545 (2022). It is 39 km (24 mi) east of the city of Antalya, along the Mediterranean coast.

Aspendos
Aspendos or Aspendus (Attic: Ἄσπενδος; Pamphylian: Εστϝεδυς) was an ancient Greco-Roman city in Antalya province of Turkey. The site is located 40 km east of the modern city of Antalya.

It was situated on the Eurymedon River about 16 km  inland from the Mediterranean Sea; it shared a border with, and was hostile to, the ancient city of Side.
Opal Next Gen
Opal Next Gen is the codename given to an upgrade of the Opal card ticketing system for public transport in New South Wales, Australia. Transport for NSW has cited a need to replace ageing infrastructure as a reason to proceed with the upgrade to Opal Next Gen. As of January 2025, the project is targeting a roll-out date of September 2027.

Opal Next Gen will have improved integration with digital services such as bank cards and smart phones. Smart phones do not currently allow you to use concession fares via your Opal card but Opal Next Gen will aim to rectify that problem.

As part of the upgrade, Transport for NSW will need to upgrade all 25,000 Opal readers at train and metro stations, light rail stops, ferry wharves and on buses.

Transport for NSW
Transport for NSW (TfNSW) is a New South Wales Government transport services and roads agency established on 1 November 2011. The agency is a different entity to the NSW Department of Transport, which is a department of the state government of New South Wales, and the ultimate parent entity of Transport for NSW.

The agency's function is to build transport infrastructure and manage transport services in New South Wales. Since absorbing Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) in December 2019, the agency is also responsible for building and maintaining road infrastructure, managing the day-to-day compliance and safety for roads and waterways and vehicle and driving license registrations.

The agency reports to the New South Wales Minister for Transport, Minister for Roads and the Minister for Regional Transport. The ministers are accountable to the Parliament of New South Wales.
Polistes parametricus
Polistes parametricus is a species of paper wasp described in 2012. It was previously recognized as belonging in P. fuscatus-group (Polistes fuscatus, Polistes metricus, Polistes bellicosus). It is listed in the Identification Atlas of the Vespidae of the Northeastern Nearctic Region as "species B". And in the NCBI Taxonomy as Polistes sp. Buck2.

It is likely to be an obligate parasite of other social wasps, but no documented observation of this behavior have been made.

Polistes bellicosus
Polistes bellicosus is a social paper wasp from the order Hymenoptera typically found within Texas, namely the Houston area. Like other paper wasps, Polistes bellicosus build nests by manipulating exposed fibers into paper to create cells. P. bellicosus often rebuild their nests at least once per colony season due to predation.
Paramount Dairies Limited
Paramount Dairies Limited (PDL), often referred to as Paramount Dairies, is a dairy processing company in Uganda. PDL is a leading manufacturer of Cheddar and Gouda cheeses in Uganda. In 2013, the Daily Monitor newspaper named this company among the 6 key milk processors in the country, out of at least 30 licensed operators.

Daily Monitor
The Daily Monitor is an independent daily newspaper in Uganda. Launched in 1992 as The Monitor, it established itself as a leading voice critical of the government and is one of the two largest national newspapers, alongside the state-owned New Vision.

The paper is published by Monitor Publications Limited, which is majority-owned by the Nairobi-based Nation Media Group (NMG).
Beckett (crater)
Beckett is a pit-floored crater on Mercury, which was discovered in January 2008 during the first flyby of the planet by the MESSENGER spacecraft. The crater was named in November 2008 by the IAU, after Australian artist Clarice Beckett.

Its floor is not smooth and displays a telephone or arc-shaped collapse feature, which is also called a central pit. The size of the pit is 35 × 7.5 km. Such a feature may have resulted from the collapse of a magma chamber underlying the central part of the crater (see also Gibran, Glinka, and Picasso).  The collapse feature is an analog of Earth's volcanic calderas.  Beckett may be a site of explosive volcanism.  The crater Grainger to the southwest of Beckett also shows signs of explosive volcanism.

Another MESSENGER view

Slightly oblique exaggerated color view from MESSENGER, with Beckett below center.  Note yellowish appearance around the irregular pit which may be a pyroclastic deposit.

Glinka (crater)
Glinka is a pit-floored crater on Mercury, which was discovered in 1974 by Mariner 10 spacecraft.  It was named by the IAU in 2008, after Russian composer Mikhail Glinka.

Its floor is covered by the smooth plain material and displays a kidney-shaped collapse feature, which is also called a central pit. The size of the pit, which was first noticed in MESSENGER images obtained in January 2008, is 20 × 8.5 km. It is surrounded by a bright pyroclastic deposit. Such a feature may have resulted from collapse of a magma chamber underlying the central part of the crater. The collapse feature is an analog of Earth's volcanic calderas.

Glinka crater

Closeup of the central pit
Evangelical Baptist Mission of South Haiti
The Evangelical Baptist Mission of South Haiti (French: Mission Evangélique Baptiste du Sud d'Haïti) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Haiti, headquartered in Les Cayes. MEBSH is a member of the Protestant Federation of Haiti, the Evangelical Council of Haitian Churches and the Baptist World Alliance.

Baptist World Alliance
The Baptist World Alliance (BWA) is an international communion of Baptists, with an estimated 53 million people from 283 member bodies in 138 countries and territories as of 2025. A voluntary association of Baptist churches, the BWA accounts for about half the Baptists in the world, becoming Christianity's seventh-largest communion (see list of Christian denominations by membership).

The BWA was founded in 1905 in London during an international congress of Baptist churches. Its headquarters are in Falls Church, Virginia, United States. It is led by general secretary and CEO Elijah M. Brown, Karl Johnson of the Jamaica Baptist Union, Chair of the Alliance and Lynn Green of the Baptist Union of Great Britain, Vice Chair.
Ordinary Days
Ordinary Days is a sung-through musical with music and lyrics by American composer Adam Gwon. Set in New York City, the musical follows four characters, Claire, Jason, Warren, and Deb, exploring how their ordinary lives connect in the most amazing ways. Originally directed by Marc Bruni with the Roundabout Theatre Company at the Harold and Miriam Steinberg Center for Theatre, the show includes 21 songs which tell the story of these two men and two women. The original cast included Lisa Brescia (Claire), Hunter Foster (Jason), Jared Gertner (Warren), and Kate Wetherhead (Deb).

Sung-through
A sung-through or through-sung work is a narrative work such as a stage musical, musical film or opera in which the entire libretto is set to music, with little or no spoken dialogue or monologues used to tell the story. The story is told through a combination of aria, arioso and recitative. Early versions of this include the Italian genre of opera buffa, a light-hearted form of opera that gained prominence in the 1750s. Since Jesus Christ Superstar, sung-through musicals have been increasingly popular, with one commentator writing, "Hamilton demonstrates ... that a sung-through musical can be as vigorous in its storytelling as any more traditional book musical."
David Arnold (basketball)
David Harrison Arnold (also known as Việt Arnold; born November 10, 1990) is a Vietnamese-American professional basketball player for the Saigon Heat of the ASEAN Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Northern Colorado Bears and the Montana State Billings Yellowjackets. He is also referred to as "Việt Arnold" in Vietnam.

Arnold shared in an ABL interview that he grew up a Celtic fan, watching Larry Bird, and is also a fan of Lebron James and Rajon Rondo.

ThunderRidge High School
ThunderRidge High School (TRHS) is an International Baccalaureate public high school in Highlands Ranch, Colorado. It is part of the Douglas County School District. It was established in 1996 and has approximately 1820 students as of August 2025.
Experimental Mechanized Force
The Experimental Mechanized Force (EMF) was a brigade-sized formation of the British Army. It was officially formed on 1 May 1927 to investigate and develop the techniques and equipment required for armoured warfare and was the first armoured formation of its kind in the world. It was renamed the Armoured Force the following year. The Royal Air Force (RAF) took part in the exercises and demonstrated the value of ground–air co-operation.

For two years the EMF participated in exercises which demonstrated the capabilities of mechanised forces against traditionally organised and trained infantry and cavalry. The force was controversial in the army and was disbanded in February 1929. The EMF and AF were followed by experiments with a Tank Brigade in 1931, which had three mixed battalions of medium and light tanks and a battalion of Carden Loyd machine-gun carriers for reconnaissance.

3rd Royal Tank Regiment
The 3rd Royal Tank Regiment (3 RTR) was an armoured regiment of the British Army in existence from 1917 until 1992. It was part of the Royal Tank Regiment, itself part of the Royal Armoured Corps. It originally saw action as C Battalion, Tank Corps in 1917.
2002 Patriot League baseball tournament
The 2002 Patriot League baseball tournament was held on May 11 and 12, 2002 to determine the champion of the Patriot League for baseball for the 2002 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The event matched the top three finishers of the six team league in a double-elimination tournament.  Top seeded Navy won their fourth championship and claimed the Patriot's automatic bid to the 2002 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  Matt Foster of Navy was named Tournament Most Valuable Player.

Patriot League baseball tournament
The Patriot League baseball tournament is the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Patriot League.  The top four finishers in the regular season of the conference's six teams advance to the best of three championship series, with each series hosted by the higher seeded team.  The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth to the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship.
McMurray–Frizzell–Aldridge Farm
The McMurray–Frizzell–Aldridge Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Westminster, Carroll County, Maryland, United States. It consists of a log house constructed about 1790 and later enlarged, and several 19th and early 20th century domestic and agricultural outbuildings, including a stone summer kitchen, a frame smokehouse, a frame bank barn, a frame wagon shed, a frame hog pen, and a stone spring house.

The McMurray–Frizzell–Aldridge Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Westminster, Maryland
Westminster is a city in and the county seat of Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The city's population was 19,960 at the 2020 census. Westminster is an outlying community in the Baltimore metropolitan area, which is part of the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.
Islam in Qatar
Qatar is a Muslim-majority country with Islam as the state religion. The Salafi movement, in its Hanbali version of Islam, is dominant in Qatar, making it one of the two Hanbali majority states in the Muslim world, along with Saudi Arabia. However, there is a large Shafi'i population, with the country's most renowned Islamic scholar Ali al-Qaradaghi belonging to the Shafi'i school. Most South Asian Muslims in Qatar practice the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam.

The local population is mainly Muslim, but the massive population of migrant workers, far outnumbering the locals, comes from a variety of backgrounds. In 2010, 67.8% of the population was Muslim, 13.8% Christian, 13.8% Hindu and 3.1% Buddhist.  At the end of 2013, there were a total of 1,848 mosques operating in the country. By 2024, the number was over 2,000.

Takbir
The takbīr (Arabic: تَكْبِير [tak.biːr], lit. 'magnification [of God]') is the name for the Arabic phrase Allāhu ʾAkbar (Arabic: اللّٰهُ أَكْبَر [ʔaɫ.ɫaː.hu ʔak.bar] ⓘ, lit. 'God is the greatest [of everything]').

It is a common Arabic expression, used in various contexts by Muslims around the world: in formal salah (prayer), in the adhan (Islamic call to prayer), in Hajj, as an informal expression of faith, in times of distress or joy, or to express resolute determination or defiance. The phrase is the official motto of Iran and Iraq. It is also used by Orthodox Arab Christians as an expression of faith.
Liberty Bridge (Bay City, Michigan)
The Liberty Bridge is a bascule bridge located in Bay City, Michigan, United States.  It spans the Saginaw River and connects Vermont Street (on the west side of the river) and Woodside Avenue (on the east side).  It was built in 1986. Starting June 16, 2023, an electronic toll is charged to motorists either through their BC-Pass, E-ZPass transponder, or via license plate photo.

Saginaw River
The Saginaw River is a 22.4-mile-long (36.0 km) river in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is formed by the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Shiawassee rivers southwest of Saginaw. It flows northward into the Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City, both of which developed around it in the 19th century. The watershed area is 8,595 square miles (22,260 km2). At its mouth, the river's estimated average discharge is 4,827 cubic feet per second (136.7 m3/s).

The river is an important shipping route for Mid-Michigan, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City. It is one of Michigan's few inland navigable rivers. The Saginaw River Rear Range Light, one of a pair of lighthouses built in 1876 to improve navigation, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Since the turn of the 21st century, it is being renovated.