hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mishka Lavigne
Mishka Lavigne is a Canadian playwright. She is a two-time winner of the Governor General's Award for French-language drama, for Havre at the 2019 Governor General's Awards and for Copeaux at the 2021 Governor General's Awards.

A graduate of the University of Ottawa, she was the first writer based outside of Quebec to win a GG in the drama category since Emma Haché in 2004.

She was one of the winners, alongside Christophe Bernard, of the Prix Québec-Ontario from the Salon du livre de Toronto in 2017 for her first published play, Cinéma.

Her English-language play Shorelines was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for English-language drama at the 2024 Governor General's Awards.

Governor General's Award for French-language drama
This is a list of recipients of the Governor General's Award for French-language drama. The award was created in 1981 when the Governor General's Award for French language poetry or drama was divided.

Because the award is presented for plays published in print, a play's eligibility for the award can sometimes be several years later than its initial theatrical staging. Titles which compile several works by the playwright into a single volume may also be nominated for or win the award.
Günter Hermann
Günter Hermann (born 5 December 1960) is a German former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder, mainly with Werder Bremen.

He was also part of the West Germany national team that was crowned World champion in 1990.

1991–92 European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1991–92 season of the European Cup Winners' Cup was won by Werder Bremen in the final against Monaco. Both were first-time finalists in the competition.

Defending champions Manchester United were eliminated by Atlético Madrid in the second round.
Sudgar nask
The Sudgar nask is the first nask (volume) of the Sasanian Avesta. Like most other nasks, it is no longer extant, but its content can be reconstructed from references in later Pahlavi writings and the parts still contained in the extant Avesta.

Sasanian Avesta
The Sasanian Avesta or Great Avesta refers to the anthology of Zoroastrian literature produced during the Sasanian period. They are said to have been written down during the reign of Khosrow. Most of this work is now lost, but its content and structure can be reconstructed from references found in a number of texts from the 9th century onward.

Compared to the extant Avesta, the Sasanian Avesta was much larger and organized into 21 distinct volumes called nasks (Avestan: naska; Middle Persian: nask, 'bundle'). Of those, only one is preserved in its entirety, while others are either lost or only preserved in fragments.
Gerald Lawrence
Gerald Leslie Lawrence (23 March 1873 – 9 May 1957) was a British actor and manager.

Lawrence was born in London in 1873, the son of Emily Mills née Asher (1832–1912) and John Moss Lawrence (1827–1888), an investor. Lawrence studied stagecraft with Frank Benson before founding his own Shakespearean company with William Haviland (1860–1917) – the Haviland and Lawrence Shakespearian & Dramatic Company – which during 1897 and 1898 toured South Africa where, among others, they performed Hamlet and Much Ado About Nothing. In the cast was Lawrence's wife Lilian Braithwaite, whom he had married shortly before the tour.

Victorien Sardou
Victorien Sardou (/sɑːrˈduː/ sar-DOO, French: [viktɔʁjɛ̃ saʁdu]; 5 September 1831 – 8 November 1908) was a French dramatist. He is best remembered today for his development, along with Eugène Scribe, of the well-made play. He also wrote several plays that were made into popular 19th-century operas such as La Tosca (1887) on which Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca (1900) is based, and Fédora (1882) and Madame Sans-Gêne (1893) that provided the subjects for the lyrical dramas Fedora (1898) and Madame Sans-Gêne (1915) by Umberto Giordano. His play Gismonda, from 1894, was also adapted into an opera of the same name by Henry Février, as was Patrie! by Émile Paladilhe.
Bruchus pisorum
Bruchus pisorum, known generally as pea weevil, is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. Other common names include the pea beetle and pea seed beetle. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China), North America, and temperate Asia.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture
The Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture (PGIA) of the University of Peradeniya is a graduate school that provides trained scientific personnel for the agricultural sector. It was established in 1975. The institution functions as a semi-autonomous unit within the University of Peradeniya. The PGIA offers three degree programmes, M.Sc., M.Phil. and Ph.D/DBA. It has awarded 40 Ph.D., 261 M.Phil., 1019 M.Sc. and 35 MBA degrees since its inception.

University of Peradeniya
The University of Peradeniya (Sinhala: පේරාදෙණිය විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය, Tamil: பேராதனைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்) is a public university in Sri Lanka, funded by the University Grants Commission. It is the largest university in Sri Lanka, which was originally established as the University of Ceylon in 1942. The university was officially opened on 20 April 1954, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

The University of Peradeniya hosts nine faculties, four postgraduate institutes (including the newly added Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences), 20 centres and units, 73 departments, and teaches about 12,000 students in the fields of Medicine, Agriculture, Arts, Science, Engineering, Dental Sciences, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Management, and Allied Health Sciences. It claims to have the largest government endowment by a higher education institution in Sri Lanka, based on its large staff and faculties/departments.
2012 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 2012 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships was held at Albuquerque Convention Center in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Organized by USA Track and Field (USATF), the two-day competition took place on February 25–26, in conjunction with the USA Indoor Combined Events Championships which started the week after, and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Indoor Track and Field Championships is an annual indoor track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. In years which feature a World Indoor Championships in Athletics, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Mushroom Group
Mushroom Group is the largest independent music and entertainment company in Australia. It comprises more than two dozen companies. It has offices in Melbourne, Sydney, and Auckland with over 200 employees.

Illusive Sounds
Illusive Group is an Australian independent record label and management and touring company that represents acts including Bliss n Eso, Lowrider, Stonefield, Owl Eyes, Clubfeet, Diafrix, Lurch & Chief and Lila Gold.
Tim Gee
Tim Gee is the general secretary of Friends World Committee for Consultation, the international organisation of Quakers worldwide. He is also a writer and faith-based activist in the United Kingdom, who popularised the concept of counterpower, and has written about pacifism and the Occupy movement.

NUS Services Ltd
NUS Services Ltd (NUSSL) is a company which provides services to student unions in the United Kingdom. NUSSL is owned by over 180 Students' Unions and the National Union of Students (NUS). It has over 220 Students' Unions as purchasing members. The company is run on a democratic basis with its strategy led by its shareholders and its work is directed by a Board and Committees composed of volunteers from its shareholder unions.

Its function is to support unions licensed and retail trade operations as well as providing support services like consultancy and accreditation schemes.

NUSSL is based in Macclesfield.
Kosovo during World War II
Kosovo during the Second World War was in a very dramatic period, because different currents clashed, bringing constant tensions within it. During World War II, the region of Kosovo was split into three occupational zones: Italian, German, and Bulgarian. Partisans from Albania and Yugoslavia led the fight for Kosovo's independence from the invader and his allies. During occupation by Axis powers, Bulgarian and Albanian collaborators killed thousands of Kosovo Serbs and Montenegrins. Tens of thousands were also expelled or were placed into concentration camps.

Bar massacre
The Bar massacre (Albanian: Masakra e Tivarit) was the killings of ethnic Albanians from Kosovo by Yugoslav Partisans in late March or early April 1945 in Bar, a municipality in Montenegro, at the end of World War II.
Lazara Altarpiece
The Lazara Altarpiece (Italian - Polittico de Lazara) is a 1449-1452 five-panel tempera on panel altarpiece by Francesco Squarcione, signed by the artist and now in the Musei Civici of Padua. It and his Madonna and Child are his only two definitively confirmed works.

It was begun for Leone de Lazara's family chapel in Santa Maria del Carmine, Padua, with a central panel of Saint Jerome in his study and four side panels showing saints Lucy, John the Baptist, Anthony Abbot and Justina of Padua.

Madonna and Child (Squarcione)
Madonna and Child is a 1455 tempera on poplar panel painting by Francesco Squarcione, one of only two definitively confirmed works by the artist, who signed and dated it. The work is now in the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin.

The emphasis on perspective and clear line derive from Donatello, who lived in Padua from 1443 to 1453—Squarcione was his main imitator in the Veneto and the painting's composition draws on that of a plaquette by that sculptor.
Ceblepyris
Ceblepyris is a genus of African passerine birds in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae.

These species were formerly placed in the genus Coracina. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010 found that Coracina, as then defined, was non-monophyletic. In the resulting reorganization to create monophyletic genera these species were moved to the resurrected genus Ceblepyris.

The genus contains the following five species:

Madagascar cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris cinereus)

Comoro cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris cucullatus)

Grauer's cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris graueri)

White-breasted cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris pectoralis)

Grey cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris caesius)

Grauer's cuckooshrike
Grauer's cuckooshrike (Ceblepyris graueri) is a little known species of bird in the family Campephagidae.
It is endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is found in mid-elevation montane forests, where it can be locally common. Similar to other species endemic to the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, it is rarely reported due to ongoing armed conflict in the Albertine Rift.
Image translation
Image translation is the machine translation of images of printed text (posters, banners, menus, screenshots etc.). This is done by applying optical character recognition (OCR) technology to an image to extract any text contained in the image, and then have this text translated into a language of their choice, and the applying digital image processing on the original image to get the translated image with a new language.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Lahabon railway station
Lahabon railway station (station code: LHB) is a railway station on Howrah–New Delhi main line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways under Asansol Division. It is situated in Lahabon in Jamui district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Asansol railway division
Asansol railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It was formed in 1925 and its headquarters is located in Asansol in West Bengal, India. Currently it is the highest revenue generating division of Eastern Railways.

The Howrah, Sealdah, and Malda railway divisions are the other divisions under the Eastern Railway (ER) Zone, which is headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal.
Zeytoon parvardeh
Zeytoon parvardeh (Persian: زیتون پرورده, romanized: zeytun parvarde, lit. 'processed olives') is an Iranian appetizer made from olives and its place of origin is Gilan province. It is served cold as a condiment with the main dish.

This combination of olives, pomegranate molasses, walnuts, garlic, mint, blue eryngo, and parsley can be found industrially or homemade in Iran.

Pomegranate molasses
Pomegranate molasses, also known as narsharab (Azerbaijani: narşarab), dibs ar-rumman (Arabic: دِبْس الرُّمَّان), robb-e anâr (Persian: رب انار), melása rodioú (Greek: μελάσα ροδιού, "pomegranate syrup"), nar ekshisi (Turkish: nar ekşisi, "pomegranate sour"), Armenian: նարշարապ; Persian: نارشارَب, "pomegranate wine"), and nuri matsuk (Armenian: նուռի մածուկ, "pomegranate syrup") is a Middle Eastern, Caucasian and Balkan condiment consisting of concentrated pomegranate juice. It is usually used in fish and meat dishes, and also as a dressing in salads.
History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present)
This page chronicles the history of English football team Manchester City Football Club in further detail from 2001 to the present day. See History of Manchester City F.C. for a history overview of Manchester City.

The 2001 to 2023 history of Manchester City has been marked by stability and then unprecedented success, with the club establishing itself as a Premier League regular since 2002. City was taken over in 2007 by Thaksin Shinawatra, who invested a considerable portion of money into the club with Sven-Göran Eriksson. After being arrested for political corruption in the summer of 2008, Shinawatra had to sell the club to the Abu Dhabi United Group, which ushered in a new era in the history of Manchester City.

UEFA Respect Fair Play ranking
The UEFA Respect Fair Play ranking was used by UEFA from 1995 to the 2015–16 season to grant three berths for the first qualifying round of the UEFA Europa League. Since that time it has granted a monetary prize to winning associations.
Water Street Commercial Historic District (Shullsburg, Wisconsin)
The Water Street Commercial Historic District in Shullsburg in Lafayette County, Wisconsin is a 7 acres (2.8 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.  It included 34 contributing buildings.

It includes Shullsburg's downtown, both now and during early lead-mining. Properties include the 1847/78/84 City Hotel, the 1855/1886 Brewster House Hotel, the 1867 Greek Revival Methodist Episcopal Church, 1882 Copeland Opera House, the 1884 Italianate Merchants Union Bank, the 1884 Gothic Revival/eclectic Williams Estate Building, the 1903 Gerlach Saloon, and the 1920 20th Century Commercial-styled Gem Garage.

Lafayette County, Wisconsin
Lafayette County, sometimes spelled La Fayette County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It was part of the Wisconsin Territory at the time of its founding. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,611. Its county seat is Darlington. The county was named in honor of the Marquis de Lafayette, the French general who rendered assistance to the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. The county is considered a high-farming concentration county by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, meaning at least 20 percent of its earnings came from agriculture.

The courthouse scenes from the 2009 film Public Enemies were filmed at the Lafayette County Courthouse in Darlington.
Higher education in Sri Lanka
Higher education in Sri Lanka is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education. Higher education, also referred to as tertiary education occurs most commonly universities or degree-granting institutions. These may be public universities, public and private degree-granting institutions which award their own degrees or degrees from foreign universities. High visibility issues include limited capacity of public universities to cater for the demand and opposition to private universities from certain segments.

University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka)
University Grants Commission is the body responsible for funding  the State Universities in Sri Lanka, and operates within the frame work of the Universities Act No. 16 of 1978. A public organisation, established under the Parliament Act No 16 of 1978. Location is at No 20, Ward Place Colombo 07.

It distributes public money, allocated by the Government for teaching and research to universities and university affiliated institutes, as such controls much influence and appointments at state universities.
Falco KC Szombathely
Falco Kosárlabda Club, for sponsorship reasons named Falco Volvo Alpok Autó Szombathely, is a Hungarian professional basketball club based in Szombathely. The team play their home games at Arena Savaria, a multi-use complex, which was opened in 2006.

Basketball Champions League
The Basketball Champions League (BCL), also commonly known as the FIBA Champions League, is an annual professional basketball competition for European clubs, organised by FIBA. It is the top-level competition organised by FIBA Europe, therefore the champion participates in the FIBA Intercontinental Cup, but it is usually considered the 3rd-tier Pan-European competition overall.

Clubs qualify for the competition mostly based on performance in their national leagues and cup competitions. Although exceptional, some teams can be wildcarded.

Each season consists of 32 teams. The inaugural season was held in 2016–17 and since then five different clubs won the competition. Canarias, San Pablo Burgos and Malaga hold the joint record of most BCL titles with two each.
Rational mapping
In mathematics, in particular the subfield of algebraic geometry, a rational map or rational mapping is a kind of partial function between algebraic varieties.  This article uses the convention that varieties are irreducible.

Resolution of singularities
In algebraic geometry, the problem of resolution of singularities asks whether every algebraic variety V has a resolution, which is a non-singular variety W with a proper birational map W→V. For varieties over fields of characteristic 0, this was proved by Heisuke Hironaka in 1964; while for varieties of dimension at least 4 over fields of characteristic p, it is an open problem.
Hooked!
Hooked! is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Lucy Woodward. It was released on June 15, 2010 as her debut album for Verve Records. The set's first single, "Slow Recovery" was released to iTunes on May 4, 2010.

The album includes nine original songs and three covers versions ("Sans Souci", "I Wan'na Be Like You (The Monkey Song)" and "Stardust"). Two of the originals ("Slow Recovery" and "Too Much to Live For") had previously appeared on Woodward's second album Lucy Woodward Is...Hot & Bothered but were reworked for this release with different vocals and arrangements. The iTunes version also includes another cover, "Fashion", originally recorded by David Bowie for his album Scary Monsters (And Super Creeps).

Lucy Woodward Is...Hot and Bothered
Lucy Woodward Is...Hot & Bothered is the second studio album from American pop singer, Lucy Woodward. The album was first released on iTunes in 2007. It later had a physical release after being picked up as a Barnes & Noble exclusive in 2008, followed by a re-release on iTunes with additional tracks.
1837 Naval Air Squadron
1837 Naval Air Squadron (1837 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The squadron was established in the United States at HMS Saker II, the Royal Naval Air Station at USNAS Quonset Point in January 1943. It boarded HMS Begum in January 1944, and landed at HMS Ringtail, RNAS Burscough, in February, then moved to HMS Blackcap, RNAS Stretton. As the only squadron in the 6th Naval Fighter Wing, it joined HMS Atheling and sailed to Ceylon, landing at the RAF station in Minneriya in April. The squadron boarded HMS Illustrious participating in operations over the Andaman Islands. In July, it provided air cover for a raid on Sabang. In August the squadron transferred to HMS Victorious but was disbanded into 1834 and 1836 Naval Air Squadrons in September. It was reformed in July 1945, at HMS Gannet, RNAS Eglinton, but was disbanded again in August at HMS Pintail, RNAS Nutts Corner.

Operation Crimson
Operation Crimson was an Allied naval operation in the Second World War of the Eastern Fleet, the objective being simultaneous naval bombardment and aircraft attacks on Japanese airfields in the Indonesian cities of Sabang, Lhoknga and Kutaraja, from aircraft carriers in the Indian Ocean on 25 July 1944.
Abydikos
Abydikos (Medieval Greek: ἀβυδικός) was a Byzantine official charged with overseeing maritime traffic.

The term most likely derives from the city of Abydos on the Hellespont, and evidently originally referred to an official responsible for overseeing maritime traffic through the straits there. Helene Ahrweiler suggested that he was the successor of the archon or komes "of the Straits", attested in Late Antiquity; scholars debate whether the office is the same as the "paraphylax of Abydos", which often occurs on seals. Eventually the term was more broadly applied to all officials with similar duties, and abydikoi are attested in Thessalonica, Amisus, Chrepos, and Euripus.

The abydikos was a military official, equivalent to the rank of komes, in the Byzantine navy. The office was often combined with the post of kommerkiarios, a fiscal office responsible for inspecting and taxing commerce. The office survived until the 11th century.

Paraphylax
The paraphylax  (Greek: παραφύλαξ, "chief guardian") was a low-ranking provincial military office in the middle Byzantine Empire.

The paraphylax is often attested in lead seals of the 7th–9th centuries, and mentioned in lists of offices. The post was low-ranking (bearers typically held the dignities of hypatos,  strator, or, at most, spatharios), and apparently concerned with the maintenance of public order and/or the command of irregular forces. In seals, the office is frequently combined with provincial fiscal posts as well, such as the kommerkiarios or the chartoularios of the genikon.