hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark Oxley
Mark Thomas Oxley (born 28 September 1990) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for EFL League Two club Harrogate Town.

Oxley began his professional career with Rotherham United in 2007 but moved to Hull City a year later. Whilst with Hull, Oxley has spent spells on loan with Walsall, Grimsby Town, Burton Albion, Oldham Athletic and Hibernian. After being released by Hull City in 2015, he signed on a permanent basis for Hibernian. Oxley was capped by both the England under-18 and England under-20 sides.

2016 Scottish Cup final
The 2016 Scottish Cup Final was the 131st final of the Scottish Cup and the final of the 2015–16 Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. The match took place at Hampden Park on 21 May 2016 and was contested by Scottish Championship teams Rangers and Hibernian. It was the first final to be contested by two teams from outside the top tier of the Scottish football league system. Hibernian ended a run of 114 years from last winning the competition, beating Rangers 3–2 with a stoppage time goal from club captain David Gray.

The winners, Hibernian, entered the second qualifying round of the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.
Oxalis tuberosa
Oxalis tuberosa is a perennial herbaceous plant that overwinters as underground stem tubers. These tubers are known as uqa in Quechua, oca in Spanish, yams in New Zealand and several other alternative names. The plant was brought into cultivation in the central and southern Andes for its tubers, which are used as a root vegetable. The plant is not known in the wild, but populations of wild Oxalis species that bear smaller tubers are known from four areas of the central Andean region. Oca was introduced to Europe in 1830 as a competitor to the potato, and to New Zealand as early as 1860.

In New Zealand, oca has become a popular table vegetable and is called yams (although not a true yam). It is available in various colors, including yellow, orange, pink, apricot, and traditional red.

International Potato Center
The International Potato Center (known as CIP from its Spanish-language name Centro Internacional de la Papa) is a research facility based in Lima, Peru, that seeks to reduce poverty and achieve food security on a sustained basis in developing countries through scientific research and related activities on potato, sweet potato, other root and tuber crops, and on the improved management of natural resources in the Andes and other mountain areas.
Offset (computer science)
In computer science, an offset within an array or other data structure object is an integer indicating the distance (displacement) between the beginning of the object and a given element or point, presumably within the same object.: 100–103  The concept of a distance is valid only if all elements of the object are of the same size (typically given in bytes or words).

For example, if A is an array of characters containing "abcdef", the fourth element containing the character 'd' has an offset of three from the start of A.

Word addressing
In computer architecture, word addressing means that addresses of memory on a computer uniquely identify words of memory.  It is usually used in contrast with byte addressing, where addresses uniquely identify bytes.  Almost all modern computer architectures use byte addressing, and word addressing is largely only of historical interest.  A computer that uses word addressing is sometimes called a word machine.
Mexico–Republic of Texas relations
Foreign relations between Mexico and the Republic of Texas were unofficially initiated in 1836 at the signing of the Treaties of Velasco, which de facto declared Texas independent from Mexico, though the Mexican Government never fully recognized Texas' Independence. The relations between the two countries, however hostile, continued until 1845 after the annexation of Texas by the United States, and the beginning of the Mexican–American War.

The transfer of power from the Republic to the new state of Texas formally took place on February 19, 1846.

Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion by Anglo-American immigrants as well as Hispanic Texans (known as Texians and Tejanos respectively) against the centralist government of Mexico in the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. The uprising was part of a larger revolt against the Centralist Republic of Mexico that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna. The Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree, declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such, being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag". Only the province of Texas succeeded in breaking with Mexico, establishing the Republic of Texas. It was eventually annexed by the United States about a decade later.
Kazhukan
Kazhukan (transl. Falcon) is a 1979 Indian Malayalam-language film,  directed by A. B. Raj. The film stars Jayan, Shubha, Sukumaran and Jagathy Sreekumar . The film has musical score by M. K. Arjunan. Sukumaran plays the antagonist. The film was a remake of the 1978 Kannada/Tamil bilingual Thappida Thala/Thappu Thalangal, directed by K. Balachander.

Sukumaran
Edappal Ponnamkuzhi Veettil Parameswaran Sukumaran Nair (10 June 1948 – 16 June 1997), known mononymously as Sukumaran, was an Indian actor and producer of Malayalam films. Sukumaran became a popular film star in Malayalam cinema during the 1970s. He was considered one of the superstar trios of Malayalam cinema during the late 1970s and early 1980s along with Soman and Jayan.

Later, he became known for his character roles and antagonistic roles during the 1980s and 1990s, notably the villain in CID Unnikrishnan B.A., B.Ed. (1994) and Onnaam Muhurtham (1991), playing character roles in films like Souhrudam (1990). In 1978, he won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in M. T. Vasudevan Nair's Bandhanam. As a producer, he produced such films as Irakal and Padayani.

On 16 June 1997, Sukumaran suffered a massive heart attack and died. He was 49 at the time of his death.
Dioicy
Dioicy is a sexual system in non-vascular plants where archegonia (female organs) and antheridia (male organs) are produced on separate plants in the gametophyte phase. It is one of the two main sexual systems in bryophytes, the other being monoicy. Both dioicous and monoicous gametophytes produce gametes in gametangia by mitosis rather than meiosis, so that sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte.

Sporophyte
A sporophyte (/ˈspɔːr.əˌfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a diploid multicellular organism which produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase.
Rajoa
Rajoa is a village in Tehsil Dudyal, District Mirpur of Pakistan administered Jammu Kashmir. Neighboured by Thara, Smor, Bloh, Chalayar, Dagar and Behari. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, its population was 504; its inhabitants are mainly of the same family of Ghakhar Rajputs. The shrine of the Sufi saint Baba Badar Shah (known as Chamba Darbar) is situated here.

Like much of Mirpur, Rajoa has deep ties with the United Kingdom. Many people originally from Rajoa have settled in Birmingham and its surrounding area.

Mirpur, Azad Kashmir
Mirpur (Potwari: مرپر [mɪɾˈpəɾᵊ]; Urdu: ميرپور [miːɾˈpuːɾ]), officially known as New Mirpur City, is the capital of Mirpur district located in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the second largest city of Azad Kashmir and the 74th most populous city in Pakistan.

A significant portion of the population from the district, the Mirpuri diaspora, migrated to the United Kingdom in the mid-to-late 1950s and in the early 1960s. Mirpur is thus sometimes known as "Little England". Many British products are found, and many shops in the city accept the pound sterling.
Joaquín Suárez (town)
Joaquín Suárez is a village in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay. (Suárez is also the name of the municipality to which the village belongs.) It is at the intersection of Routes 84 and 74, northeast of Toledo and southwest of Pando. Sauce is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north. The villages are all considered parts of the wider metropolitan area of Montevideo.

Pando, Uruguay
Pando is a city in the Canelones Department of Uruguay. It is an important commercial and industrial centre which has become part of the wider Montevideo metropolitan area.

Pando is also the name of the municipality to which the city belongs and which includes several other small populated areas and rural areas from the limits of the Ciudad de la Costa to the south to the limits of Route 7 to the northwest.
Chhichayuq
Chhichayuq (Quechua chhicha thick-soled shoe, -yuq a suffix, "the one with a thick-soled shoe", also spelled Chichayoj) is a 3,846-metre-high (12,618 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, Azurduy Province, Tarvita Municipality. Chhichayuq lies northwest of Wisk'achani and northeast of Wallqayuq Urqu. The Qucha Mayu ("lake river"), which downstream is named San José originates northwest of the mountain. It is a left tributary of the Pillku Mayu (Quechua for "red river").

Wallqayuq Urqu
Wallqayuq Urqu (Quechua wallqa collar, -yuq a suffix, urqu mountain, "the mountain with a collar", also spelled Huallcayo(j) Orkho) is a 4,124-metre-high (13,530 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, on the border of the Azurduy Province, Tarvita Municipality, and the Jaime Zudáñez Province, Icla Municipality. Wallqayuq Kimray lies west of Wisk'achani and northeast of Wanaku Kimray. The Phaqcha Mayu ("waterfall river") originates south of the mountain. It flows to the south as an affluent of the Qucha Mayu ("lake river") which downstream is named San José. It is a left tributary of the Pillku Mayu (Quechua for "red river").
Mauá Wall
Mauá Wall (Portuguese: Muro da Mauá) is a flood wall in the Historic Center of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul.

The reinforced concrete wall is located between Mauá Wharf and Mauá Avenue. It is 2,647 meters long, three meters high and it has a three-meter-deep anchored wall foundation, to help prevent underground percolation. It is part of a flood protection system consisting of 68 km of external and internal dikes, 14 metal gates and 19 pumping stations. The wall represents only 4% of the protective dikes' width and is located along the Navegantes Canal, a part of the Jacuí River Delta. The wall was finished in 1974.

The system was built in order to avoid catastrophe similar to the flood of 1941. The coupures had to be closed at various times after their construction.

As an alternative to the permanent wall, a modular stoplog system based on bleachers has been proposed.

Mauá Wharf
The Mauá Wharf (Portuguese: Cais Mauá) is a section of the river port located in the Brazilian city of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is situated on the Navegantes Canal, upstream of Lake Guaíba, and is part of the Jacuí Delta.
Aiden Tolman
Aiden Tolman (born 10 November 1988) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a prop for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL. He previously played for the Melbourne Storm and the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs in the National Rugby League, and played at representative level for NSW Country. On 25 August 2022, Tolman announced he was retiring at the end of the season.

Wests Tigers
The Wests Tigers are an Australian rugby league football team, based in the Inner West of Sydney and South Western Sydney. The Tigers have competed in the National Rugby League (NRL) since being formed at the end of the 1999 NRL season as a joint-venture club between the Balmain Tigers and the Western Suburbs Magpies.

The Wests Tigers started playing in the 2000 NRL season and they won their maiden premiership in 2005. The club also won the final edition of the World Sevens in 2004. The club has only qualified for three finals series since their inception (2005, 2010 and 2011).

The Wests Tigers play home games at two grounds: Leichhardt Oval (the home ground of Balmain) and Campbelltown Stadium (the home ground of Western Suburbs). They are currently coached by Benji Marshall.

The interim CEO is currently Shaun Mielekamp.
Bruylants reaction
In organic chemistry, the Bruylants reaction (sometimes misspelled Bruylant) is a substitution reaction in which a Grignard reagent replaces a nitrile on a carbon that also has an amino group (c.f. cyanohydrin). It is useful for synthesizing phencyclidine and related dissociative anesthetics.

Unlike a traditional Grignard reaction where the nucleophile attacks the nitrile carbon, here the nitrile itself is lost as a leaving group. The reaction is named for Pierre Bruylants (1855–1950), who first reported it in 1924.

The reaction mechanism appears to involve ejection of the nitrile to form an iminium that is then attacked by the Grignard rather than a direct displacement such as an SN2 reaction. This accounts for the importance of the alpha amino group and the absence of stereoselectivity on chiral reaction sites.

Nitrile
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH3CH2C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.

Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic.
Critical cartography
Critical cartography is a set of cartography practices and methods of analysis grounded in critical theory. It is based specifically on the thesis that maps reflect and perpetuate relations of power, typically in favor of a society's dominant group. Critical cartographers aim to reveal the "'hidden agendas of cartography' as tools of socio-spatial power". It questions the positivist view of a map as representing neutral objective geographic knowledge. Practical applications of critical cartographic theory include counter-mapping, participatory mapping, and neogeography.

Cartographic censorship
Cartographic censorship is the  deliberate modification of publicly available maps in order to disguise, remove, or obfuscate potentially strategic locations or buildings, such as military bases, power plants or transmitters. Sensitive objects and places have been removed from maps since historic times, sometimes as a disinformation tactic in times of war, and also to serve competitive political and economic interests, such as during the Age of Discovery when strategic geographic information was highly sought after. In modern times requests for censorship are sent to Google Earth for certain sites that are deemed to pose security risks for national governments.
Phil Urso
Phil Urso (2 October 1925, Jersey City, New Jersey — 7 April 2008, Denver, Colorado) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and composer known for his association with trumpeter Chet Baker.

Urso learned clarinet as a child and switched to tenor sax while in high school. He served in the Navy during World War II and then moved to New York City in 1947. There he played with Elliot Lawrence (1948–50), Woody Herman (1950-51), Terry Gibbs, Miles Davis (1952), Oscar Pettiford (1953), Jimmy Dorsey, and Bob Brookmeyer (1954). In 1955, he first began working with Chet Baker, and was a prominent contributor to Baker's Pacific Jazz releases in 1956. Urso and Baker would collaborate sporadically for some 30 years.

Urso worked with Claude Thornhill late in the 1950s, but receded from national attention in later decades. He moved to Denver and continued performing locally into the 2000s.

Elliot Lawrence
Elliot Lawrence Broza (February 14, 1925 – July 2, 2021), known professionally as Elliot Lawrence, was an American jazz pianist and bandleader.

Son of the broadcaster Stan Lee Broza, Lawrence led his first dance band at age 20, but he played swing at the time its heyday was coming to a close. He recorded copiously as a bandleader for Columbia, Decca, King, Fantasy, Vik, and SESAC between 1946 and 1960. Lawrence was music director for the Tony awards show.
Live service game
In the video game industry, a live service game (also referred to as games as a service, abbreviated to GaaS) represents providing video games or game content on a continuing revenue model, similar to software as a service. Live service games are ways to monetize video games either after their initial sale, or to support a free-to-play model. Games released under the live service model are designed to receive a long or indefinite stream of monetized new content over time to encourage players to continue paying to support the game. This often leads to games that work under a live service model to be called "living games" or "live games" since they continually change with these updates.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Bet Avraam Synagogue
The Bet Avraam Synagogue, also known as the Hesed Beit Avraham Synagogue, is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located behind the main train station, in Sirkeci, Istanbul, in the Istanbul Province of Turkey. It is the synagogue nearest to the Sultanahmet (Hippodrome) area and can be reached easily by foot. The synagogue is open, yet only open for Shabbat services.

Sirkeci
Sirkeci (pronounced [ˈsiɾkedʒi]) is a neighborhood in the Eminönü quarter of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. In the Byzantine period, the area was known as Prosphorion (Ancient Greek: Προσφόριον).

The neighborhood borders to the north the mouth of the Golden Horn, to the west the neighborhood of Bahçekapı, to the east the Topkapı Palace area, and to the south the Cağaloğlu neighborhood. It hosts the Sirkeci railway station, the easternmost terminus of the Orient Express, a historic long-distance passenger train service in Europe that operated between Paris and Istanbul in the period between 1883 and 2009.

The neighborhood consists mostly of commercial and tourist-oriented buildings. A combination of small shops, hans (larger workshops) and offices intermingle with boutique hotels, traditional Turkish restaurants, Turkish and foreign-language bookstores, and tourist offices.
Pakistan Public Works Department
Pakistan Public Works Department (Urdu: پاکستان پبلک ورکس ڈیپارٹمنٹ) was a federal government department under Ministry of Housing and Works. It was based in Islamabad, and had sub-offices in all the major cities of the country.

Ministry of Housing and Works (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Housing and Works (Urdu: وزارتِ عمل و اقامت کاری, wazarat-e- amal o Iqamat kaari ) is a cabinet level ministry of the Government of Pakistan headed by the Minister for Housing and Works, who must be an elected member of the Parliament of Pakistan. The administrative head of the ministry is the Federal Secretary for Housing.

The Ministry is responsible for acquisition and development of sites as well as construction and maintenance of Federal Government buildings. It is actively involved in the coordination of civil works, budget, fixation and recovery of rents from Government owned / hired and requisitioned buildings.
NGC 5177
NGC 5177 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Virgo.  Based on a redshift of 6467 km/s the galaxy is crudely estimated to be about 300 million light-years away.

On April 16, 2010 UT, the Palomar Transient Factory automated wide-field survey detected a supernova on the outskirts of NGC 5177.  The supernova is known as SN 2010cr and is located at 13:29:25.11 +11:47:46.4. A confirmation spectrum was taken with the Palomar Hale Telescope on April 17 UT which showed it to be approximately 13 days before peak brightness.  The Hubble Space Telescope took STIS/UV spectroscopic observations on May 3, 2010.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Arowana
Osteoglossinae are a subfamily of freshwater bony fish, commonly known as arowanas or bonytongues (though the latter is also used for other osteoglossiform fish). The name "bonytongues" is derived from a toothed bone on the floor of the mouth, the "tongue", equipped with teeth that bite against teeth on the roof of the mouth. In this family of fish, the head is bony and the elongated body is covered by large, heavy scales, with a mosaic pattern of canals. The dorsal and anal fins have soft rays and have long fin origins, while the pectoral and ventral fins have stiffer, longer rays. Arowanas are facultative air breathers and can obtain oxygen by ingesting air into its swim bladder, which is lined with capillaries like lung tissue. Despite this, they are not considered amphibious.

The two genera each inhabit a different continent despite its members being freshwater fish, which suggests vicariance from the breakup of Gondwana.

Scleropages
Scleropages, the Asia-Pacific arowanas, is a genus of fish in the family Osteoglossidae found in Asia and Australia. All of these species are carnivorous and have great jumping ability. Fossil evidence supports their former presence in Europe & Africa.