hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tracy R. Lewis
Tracy Royal Lewis (January 23, 1947 – October 16, 2023) was a Martin L. Black professor of business administration within the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University. Before arriving at Duke University in 2003, he was the James Walter Eminent Scholar in Economics at the University of Florida.

His articles included "An Incentive Approach to Banking Regulation," Journal of Finance, with Ronald Giammarino and David Sappington, 1993. The following papers were also co-authored with Sappington; "Selecting an Agent’s Ability," International Economic Review,  1993; "Ignorance in Agency Problems," Journal of Economic Theory, 1993; and "Incentives for Conservation and Quality-Improvement by Public Utilities," American Economic Review, 1992.

Lewis was perhaps best known as co-author of the Brander-Lewis model of oligopolistic competition, with James A. Brander -- Oligopoly and Financial Structure American Economic Review, 1986.

David Sappington
David E. M. Sappington is an American economist, academic advisor, and author. He is an Eminent Scholar in the Department of Economics, and the Director of Robert F. Lanzillotti Public Policy Research Center at the University of Florida. His research focuses on the study of regulatory policy issues in the communications and energy sectors.

Sappington has published nearly 200 articles in economic journals and co-authored four books. He is an associate editor of The RAND Journal of Economics, and the Journal of Regulatory Economics. He is also a co-editor of Journal of Economics and Management Strategy.
Noyon Cathedral
Noyon Cathedral (Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Noyon) is a Roman Catholic church and former cathedral, located in Noyon, France. It was formerly the seat of the Bishopric of Noyon, abolished by the Concordat of 1801 and merged into the Diocese of Beauvais. The cathedral was constructed on the site of a church burned down in 1131 and is a fine example of the transition from Romanesque to Gothic architecture.

Ancient Diocese of Noyon
The former French Catholic Diocese of Noyon lay in the north-east of France, around Noyon. It was formed when Saint Medardus moved the seat of the bishopric at Vermandois to Noyon, in the sixth century. From 545 to 1146, it was united with the bishopric of Tournai as the Diocese of Noyon–Tournai. Then in the twelfth century it was again independent, and the bishop of Noyon became a pairie-comté of France.

The diocese of Noyon was brought to an end by the French Revolution. Its territory passed to the diocese of Beauvais.
António Folha
António José dos Santos Folha CvIH (born 21 May 1971) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played mostly as a winger, currently a manager.

He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 227 matches and 22 goals over 12 seasons, mainly in representation of Porto. He also appeared in the competition with Gil Vicente and Braga, and was part of the Portugal squad at Euro 1996.

Folha worked as a manager after retiring, starting out at Porto B before joining Portimonense in 2018.

1994–95 Primeira Divisão
The 1994–95 Primeira Divisão was the 61st edition of top flight of Portuguese football. It started on 21 August 1994 with a match between Belenenses and Estrela da Amadora, and ended on 28 May 1995. The league was contested by 18 clubs with Benfica as the defending champions.

Porto won the league and qualified for the 1995–96 UEFA Champions League group stage, Sporting qualified for the 1994–95 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup first round, and Benfica, Vitória de Guimarães and Farense qualified for the 1995–96 UEFA Cup; in opposite, União da Madeira, Beira-Mar and Vitória de Setúbal were relegated to the Liga de Honra. Hassan  was the top scorer with 21 goals.

This was the final season in which two points were awarded for a win; going forward this changed to three points.
Yanco-Wamoon Hawks
The Yanco-Wamoon Hawks are a rugby league club based in the town of Yanco, New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1970, the Hawks compete in the Group 20 Rugby League competition, where they have won eight First Grade premierships, including five in a row from 1992 to 1996.

Yanco
Yanco is a village in Leeton Shire in south western New South Wales, Australia. Yanco is a Wiradjuri aboriginal language word meaning the sound of running water. Yanco is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Leeton along Irrigation Way. Yanco is home to the Powerhouse Museum, McCaughey Park, Murrumbidgee Rural Studies Centre and Yanco Agricultural High School. Murrumbidgee Irrigation builds the Roach’s Surge Reservoir near Yanco, holding up to 5 million tonnes of water.

Yanco North Post Office opened on 1 March 1888. It was renamed Yanko in 1892 and Yanco in 1928.
River Seph
The River Seph (or River Sep) is a tributary of the River Rye (itself a tributary of the River Derwent) in North Yorkshire, England. The river flows for 13 miles (20.5 km) down Bilsdale and meets the Rye near the village of Hawnby. When the surrounding land was owned by Roger de Mowbray, the river was referred to as the Sep.

Chop Gate
Chop Gate (/ˌtʃɒp ˈjæt/ CHOP YAT) is a small village in the North York Moors national park, North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, the village is situated 7.5 miles (12 km) south east of Stokesley and 12.5 miles (20 km) north of Helmsley.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Hambleton, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The village is at the point where the roads to Bilsdale and Raindale meet. Chop Gate is on the B1257 road between Helmsley and Stokesley.

Chop Gate's name probably comes from the Old Norse word 'kaupr' meaning 'pedlar' or 'chapman', and 'gata' which means 'road'.
Torvastad Church
Torvastad Church (Norwegian: Torvastad kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Karmøy Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Torvastad on the northern part of the island of Karmøy. It is the church for the Torvastad parish which is part of the Karmøy prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1880 using designs by the architect Ole Ottesen Vangberg. The church seats about 450 people.

Karmøy (island)
Karmøy is an island in the northwestern part of Rogaland county, Norway. The island covers an area of 176.8 square kilometers (68.3 sq mi), is approximately 30 kilometers (18.6 mi) long, and up to 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) wide. It constitutes the main part of Karmøy Municipality, together with several smaller surrounding islands and a portion of the mainland south of Haugesund. Karmøy is the largest island in Rogaland, the most populous island in South Norway and the second most populous island in Norway.

The island is separated from the mainland by the Karmsund strait, with the Boknafjord located to the south and southeast, while the Sirafjord to the west separates Karmøy from Utsira and Feøy.
Legionella jordanis
Legionella jordanis is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus Legionella which was isolated from the Jordan River in Bloomington, Indiana and from the sewage in DeKalb County, Georgia. L. jordanis is a rare human pathogen and can cause respiratory tract infections.

Legionella
Legionella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid. Most Legionella species are intracellular pathogens whose primary hosts are amoebae, however many Legionella are accidental pathogens of humans. Legionella bacteria are known to cause legionellosis (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. These bacteria are common in many places, like soil and water. There are over 50 species and 70 types (serogroups) identified. Legionella does not spread from person-to-person. Most individuals who are exposed to the bacteria do not get sick. Most outbreaks result from poorly maintained cooling towers.

The cell wall of the Legionella bacteria has parts that determine its specific type. The structural arrangement and building blocks (sugars) in the cell wall help classify the bacteria.
Alexandra Grande
Alexandra Vanessa Grande Risco (born 5 February 1990) is a Peruvian karateka. She is a two-time gold medalist in the women's 61 kg event at the Pan American Games. She also won bronze in this event at the 2021 World Karate Championships in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2021, Grande represented Peru at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She competed in the women's 61 kg event.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Alzheimer's disease among East Asians
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of people across the globe. It is also a topic of interest in the East Asian population, especially as the burden of disease increases due to aging and population growth. The pathogenesis of AD between ethnic groups is different. However, prior studies in AD pathology have focused primarily on populations of European ancestry and may not give adequate insight on the genetic, clinical, and biological differences found in East Asians with AD. Gaps in knowledge regarding Alzheimer's disease in the East Asian population introduce serious barriers to screening, early prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and timely intervention.

Amyloid-beta precursor protein
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It functions as a cell surface receptor and has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation, neural plasticity, antimicrobial activity, and iron export. It is coded for by the gene APP and regulated by substrate presentation. APP is best known as the precursor molecule whose proteolysis generates amyloid beta (Aβ), a polypeptide containing 37 to 49 amino acid residues, whose amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients.
CPU-Z
CPU-Z is a freeware system profiling and monitoring application for Microsoft Windows and Android that detects the central processing unit, RAM, motherboard chipset, and other hardware features of a modern personal computer or Android device.

System monitor
A system monitor is a hardware or software component used to monitor system resources and performance in a computer system.
Among the management issues regarding use of system monitoring tools are resource usage and privacy. Monitoring can track both input and output values and events of systems.
Chloe Wise
Chloe Wise (born 1990) is a Canadian artist based in New York City. Wise works in sculpture, drawing, video art, and oil painting. Wise is known for her stylized and humorous  approach to both still life and figurative painting that incorporate intimate depictions of food trends, agriculture, consumer culture, friends, and muses.

In 2014, actor Bobbi Menuez attended a Chanel launch event wearing Wise's sculpture, "Bagel No. 5," a realistic sculpture of a bagel with cream cheese adorned with a Chanel purse chain and charm. The sculpture was believed to be a real purse designed by Chanel, until it was revealed that the "bag" was part of a collection created by Wise.

Chanel
Chanel (/ʃəˈnɛl/ shə-NEL, French: [ʃanɛl] ⓘ) is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1910 by Coco Chanel in Paris. It is privately owned by French brothers, Alain and Gérard Wertheimer, through the holding company Chanel Limited, established in 2018 and headquartered in London.

Chanel specializes in women's ready-to-wear, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear. Chanel is well known for its No. 5 perfume and "Chanel Suit". Chanel is credited for revolutionizing haute couture and ready-to-wear by replacing structured, corseted silhouettes with more functional garments that women still found flattering.
Balleny Islands
The Balleny Islands (66°55′S 163°45′E﻿ / ﻿66.917°S 163.750°E﻿ / -66.917; 163.750) are a series of uninhabited islands in the Southern Ocean extending from 66°15' to 67°35'S and 162°30' to 165°00'E. The group extends for about 160 km (99 mi) in a northwest–southeast direction. The islands are heavily glaciated and of volcanic origin. Glaciers project from their slopes into the sea. The islands were formed by the so-called Balleny hotspot.

The group includes three main islands: Young, Buckle and Sturge, which lie in a line from northwest to southeast, and several smaller islets and rocks:

northeast of Young Island: Seal Rocks, Pillar

southeast of Young Island: Row Island, Borradaile Island (with Swan Base shelter hut)

south of Buckle Island: Scott Cone, Chinstrap Islet, Sabrina Islet (with Sabrina Refuge shelter hut), and the Monolith

The islands are claimed by New Zealand as part of the Ross Dependency (see Territorial claims in Antarctica).

The Monolith (Antarctica)
The Monolith is a pair of small islets located off the southern tip of Sabrina Island within the Ross Dependency of Antarctica.  The smaller of the two islets rises at a steep incline to 363 feet (111 m) above sea level, and is uninhabited even by penguins which have colonized the other nearby islands.
FC Eindhoven
Football Club Eindhoven, commonly known as FC Eindhoven, is a professional football club based in Eindhoven, Netherlands, that competes in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football. They are one of two professional clubs which are based in the city of Eindhoven, the other one being PSV.

FC Eindhoven play their home games at Jan Louwers Stadion, in the southern part of the city. The club's official colours are blue and white, hence their nickname "Blauw-Witten" (lit. 'The Blue-Whites').

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Rosh HaAyin
Rosh HaAyin (Hebrew: ראש העין, pronounced [ˈʁoʃ haˈʔajin]) is a city in the Central District of Israel. It is located in the eastern ravine of the Sharon Plain, opposite the Samaria Mountains. The city is named after its location at the source of the Yarkon River ("Rosh" meaning source/head, "Ayin" meaning spring).

Rosh HaAyin was declared a city in 1994 and covers an area of approximately 16,000 dunams. Its eastern neighborhoods border the Green Line, and the city forms the boundary between the Central District and the occupied West Bank. The city is one of the fastest-growing cities in Israel. In 2023 it had a population of 77,104.

Sharon plain
32°24′00″N 34°52′59″E﻿ / ﻿32.400°N 34.883°E﻿ / 32.400; 34.883

The Sharon plain (Hebrew: הַשָּׁרוֹן, romanized: HaSharon; Arabic: سهل الشارون, romanized: Sahl al-Shārūn) is the central section of the Israeli coastal plain. The name Sharon is derived from the Akkadian word "A-Sharanu" which literally translates to a "thick forest," which the area was until its deforestation in the late 19th century. The plain lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the west and the Samarian Hills, 15 km (9.3 mi) to the east. It stretches from Nahal Taninim, a stream marking the southern end of Mount Carmel in the north, to the Yarkon River in the south, at the northern limit of Tel Aviv, over a total of about 90 km (56 mi). The level of the Sharon plain is connected to the level of the Mediterranean Sea by the Sharon Escarpment.

Parts of the plain are included in the Central, Haifa and Tel Aviv Districts of Israel.
Enes Ünal
Enes Ünal (born 10 May 1997) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Premier League club Bournemouth.

Ünal scored on his Süper Lig debut on 25 August 2013 for Bursaspor against Galatasaray, making him the youngest player to net in Turkey's top division. An international at several youth levels, he earned his first senior cap on 31 March 2015 in a friendly against Luxembourg.

Getafe CF
Getafe Club de Fútbol S.A.D. (Spanish pronunciation: [xeˈtafe ˈkluβ ðe ˈfuðβol]) is a Spanish professional football club based in Getafe, a city in the Community of Madrid. They compete in La Liga, the top tier of the Spanish football. The team has played its home matches in the 16,500-capacity Estadio Coliseum since 1998.

Founded in 1983, the club was promoted to La Liga for the first time in 2004, and participated in the top level of Spanish football for twelve years between 2004 and 2016, and again since 2017. The club maintain rivalries with neighbours Leganés, who are based near the town of Getafe, Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid.
2023 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux
The 2023 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 14th edition of the tournament and part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bordeaux, France between 15 and 20 May 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Greetham, Lincolnshire
Greetham (/ˈɡriːtəm/ GREET-əm) is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Greetham with Somersby, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 3 miles (5 km) east from Horncastle, and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north from the junction of the A158 and B1195 roads. To the west is High Toynton, and further to the north, Fulletby. In 1961 the parish had a population of 85. On 1 April 1987 the parish was abolished and merged with Somersby to form "Greetham with Somersby".

Greetham is listed in the 1086 Domesday Book with 56 households, which for the time was considered quite large, 300 acres (1.2 km2) of meadow, a mill and a church, with Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester as Lord of the Manor.

The church, dedicated to All Saints, is part of the Horncastle Group of churches. It is Grade II listed, dates from the 12th century, and was partly rebuilt in 1903, although the south aisle and tower have been demolished.

Horncastle
Horncastle is a market town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district in Lincolnshire, England. It is 17 miles (27 km) east of Lincoln. Its population was 6,815 at the 2011 census, growing to an estimated 7,123 in 2019 and recorded as 7,291 in the 2021 census. A section of the ancient Roman walls remains.
Disclosure of the invention under the European Patent Convention
Article 83 of the European Patent Convention (EPC) relates to the disclosure of the invention under the European Patent Convention. This legal provision prescribes that a European patent application must disclose the invention (which is the subject of the European patent application) in a manner sufficiently clear and complete for it to be carried out by a person skilled in the art.

Glossary of patent law terms
This is a list of legal terms relating to patents and patent law. A patent is not a right to practice or use the invention claimed therein, but a territorial right to exclude others from commercially exploiting the invention, granted to an inventor or their successor in rights in exchange to a public disclosure of the invention.
1944 Shinnston tornado
In the evening of June 23, 1944, a powerful F4 tornado devastated eastern West Virginia, particularly the town of Shinnston. The tornado killed at least 100 people and injured hundreds more.

This tornado was the deadliest in West Virginia history and at least the 14th deadliest in US history. It is the only tornado to produce violent damage in the state's history.

Wetzel County, West Virginia
Wetzel County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,442. Its county seat is New Martinsville. The county, founded in 1846, is named for Lewis Wetzel, a famous frontiersman and Indian fighter. Its northern border aligns with the Mason-Dixon line, but is to the west of the line's western terminus.
Continents (band)
Continents  is a Welsh metalcore band. The band were signed to Victory Records in 2012 before parting ways with the label in 2017 before the release "Preacher", and have toured with acts including The Ghost Inside, Emmure, Comeback Kid, Defeater and All Shall Perish.  They returned in 2022 with the single Bad Blood. Continents are known for their high energy live performances which saw the band perform throughout the UK, Europe and Japan. In 2012 the band were featured on the YouTube homepage as a featured band and highlighted by Alternative Press Magazine (US) as one of their top 20 bands to look out for in 2013. 
Continents announced their return in 2022 with the release of singles 'Bad Blood' and 'Clarity' along with a return to live performances supporting Counterparts  at Throwfest 2022.
The band entered the studio in late 2022 with new music on the horizon, set to release in early 2023.

Counterparts (band)
Counterparts are a Canadian hardcore punk band formed in 2007 in Hamilton, Ontario, that currently consists of vocalist Brendan Murphy, guitarist and bassist Tyler Williams and Jesse Doreen, and drummer Kyle Brownlee. Their two most recent albums, released through Pure Noise Records, have received critical acclaim from Rock Sound and Exclaim! magazines.

During the 2010s, alongside Hundredth and the Ghost Inside, they were a forefront act in a wave of bands merging melodic hardcore and metalcore, and are one of the leading forces in the metalcore revival wave.
The Mall of Monroe
The Mall of Monroe, formerly known as Frenchtown Square Mall, is an enclosed shopping mall in Frenchtown Charter Township in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is located just north of the city of Monroe along North Monroe Street (M-125). Opened in 1988, the mall features more than thirty tenants and a church. The mall is managed by Cafaro Company of Youngstown, Ohio. The mall's anchor stores are Planet Fitness, Phoenix Theatres, and Domka Outdoors. There are vacant anchor stores that were once Target, Sears, and Pat Catan's.

Cafaro Company
The Cafaro Company is an American  property management and real estate development company that owns several retail shopping centers throughout the United States. Based in Niles, Ohio, it is the largest privately owned shopping center development and management company in the U.S., managing more than 30,000,000 square feet (2,800,000 m2) of commercial real estate throughout the country.