hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Egg decorating in Slavic culture
The tradition of egg decoration in Slavic cultures originated in pagan times, and was transformed by the process of religious syncretism into the Christian Easter egg. Over time, many new techniques were added. Some versions of these decorated eggs have retained their pagan symbolism, while others have added Christian symbols and motifs.

While decorated eggs of various nations have much in common, national traditions, color preferences, motifs used and preferred techniques vary.

This is a Central and Eastern European, and not strictly Slavic, tradition since non-Slavic ethnic groups in the area (ex. Hungarians, Lithuanians, Romanians) also practice it.

Poltava Governorate
Poltava Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Poltava.

Its borders encompassed the modern Poltava Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to Berestyn, Pereiaslav, Romny and Zolotonosha.

It was bordering the Chernigov and Kursk Governorates to the north, Kiev Governorate to the west, Kharkov Governorate to the east and the Kherson and Yekaterinoslav Governorates to the south.
HMS Agincourt (1865)
HMS Agincourt was a Minotaur-class armoured frigate built for the Royal Navy during the 1860s. She spent most of her career as the flagship of the Channel Squadron's second-in-command. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, she was one of the ironclads sent to Constantinople to forestall a Russian occupation of the Ottoman capital. Agincourt participated in Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee Fleet Review in 1887. The ship was placed in reserve two years later and served as a training ship from 1893 to 1909. That year she was converted into a coal hulk and renamed as C.109. Agincourt served at Sheerness until sold for scrap in 1960.

Oscar Parkes
Oscar Parkes OBE (8 October 1885 – 24 June 1958) was a Royal Navy surgeon, naval historian, marine artist, and editor of Jane's Fighting Ships from 1918 to 1935. He was an associate of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects. The Imperial War Museum and the National Maritime Museum have permanent collections of his artwork. His book British Battleships: "Warrior", 1860 to "Vanguard", 1950. A History of Design, Construction and Armament is regarded as a definitive source.
2015 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux
The 2015 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bordeaux, France between 11 and 17 May 2015.

2015 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2015 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2015 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 38th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 7th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Kutmichevitsa
Kutmichevitsa (Bulgarian: Кутмичевица) was an administrative region of the Bulgarian Empire during 9th-11th cent., corresponding roughly with the northwestern part of the modern region of Macedonia and the southern part of Albania, broadly taken to be the area included in the triangle Saloniki-Skopje-Vlora. It had an important impact on the formation, endorsement and development of the Old Church Slavonic and culture. The Debar–Velich diocese of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church was created in Kutmichevitsa whose first bishop between 886 and 893 was Clement of Ohrid, appointed by Knyaz Boris I.

Kuber
Kuber (also Kouber or Kuver) was a Bulgar leader who, according to the Miracles of Saint Demetrius, liberated a mixed Bulgar and Byzantine Christian population in the 670s, whose ancestors had been transferred from the Eastern Roman Empire to the Syrmia region in Pannonia by the Avars 60 years earlier. According to a scholarly theory, he was a son of Kubrat, brother of Khan Asparukh and member of the Dulo clan.
2009 FC Spartak Moscow season
The 2009 FC Spartak Moscow season was the club's 18th season in the Russian Premier League season. Spartak finished the season in 2nd place, reaching the quarterfinals of the 2008–09 Russian Cup, where they were knocked out by Dynamo Moscow, and the Last 16 of the 2009–10 Russian Cup where FC Moscow knocked them out.

2009–10 Russian Cup
The 2009–10 Russian Cup was the eighteenth season of the Russian football knockout tournament since the dissolution of Soviet Union. The competition started on 20 April 2009 and finished with the final held on 16 May 2010.
Caloplaca monacensis
Caloplaca monacensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Originally described in 1896 by the German lichenologist Michael Lederer as a member of Pyrenodesmia, Georg Lettau reclassified it in Caloplaca in 1912. It occurs in Europe.

Caloplaca
Caloplaca is a lichen genus comprising a number of distinct species. Members of the genus are commonly called firedot lichen,: 235  jewel lichen.: 235  gold lichens, "orange lichens", but they are not always orange, as in the case of C. albovariegata. The distribution of this lichen genus is worldwide, extending from Antarctica to the high Arctic. It includes a portion of northern North America and the Russian High Arctic. There are about thirty species of Caloplaca in the flora of the British Isles.

A new species of Caloplaca, C. obamae, the first species to be named in honor of Barack Obama, was discovered in 2007 on Santa Rosa Island in California and published in March 2009.
1999 NIRSA National Soccer Championship
The 1999 NIRSA national soccer championship was the 6th NIRSA National Soccer Championships, the annual national championships for United States-based, collegiate club soccer teams organized by NIRSA. It took place at Georgia Southern University in Statesboro, Georgia from Thursday, November 18 to Saturday, November 20, 1999.

NIRSA National Soccer Championships
The NIRSA National Soccer Championships is an annual collegiate club competition organized by the National Intramural and Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA), deciding the competition winners through a round robin group stage to qualify for a single-elimination knockout format.

The tournament is unique because it is limited to teams representing a university on a non-varsity level. Due to collegiate clubs receiving little to no funding from the university they represent, their ability to travel is limited and why the tournament takes place over a single weekend; typically in late November to early December.
Thalassery cuisine
Thalassery cuisine refers to the distinct cuisine from Thalassery city of northern Kerala, which has incorporated Indian, Persian, Arabian and European styles of cooking as a result of its long history as a maritime trading post.

Thalassery is known for its Thalassery biryani (in local dialect, biri-yaa-ni). Unlike other biryani dishes, Thalassery biryani is made using kaima (also known as jeerakasala), an Indian aromatic rice, instead of the usual basmati rice.

Influences of Mughal culture are evident.

Thalassery also occupies a special place in the modern history of Kerala as the pioneer of its bakery industry, since the first bakery was started by Mambally Bapu in 1880 and Western-style cakes were introduced in 1883.

Chatti pathiri
Chatti pathiri is a layered pastry made in the Malabar region, of Kerala, India. It uses pastry sheets or pancakes made with flour, egg, oil and water. The filling can be sweet, made with sweetened seasoned beaten eggs, nuts and raisins, or savoury, with the traditional meat filling used in samosas or savoury puffs. The flour is kneaded into soft dough and rolled into thin pancakes which are softened in milk and arranged in layers with filling between them and baked.

It is considered an essential part of any festival, pre- and post-wedding events, and Iftar. This dish is popular during the Ramadan Fasting period.
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (abbreviated as UDMH; also known as 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, heptyl or Geptil) is a chemical compound with the formula H2NN(CH3)2 that is primarily used as a rocket propellant. At room temperature, UDMH is a colorless liquid, with a sharp, fishy, ammonia-like smell typical of organic amines. Samples turn yellowish on exposure to air and absorb oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is miscible with water, ethanol, and kerosene. At concentrations between 2.5% and 95% in air, its vapors are flammable. It is not sensitive to shock.

Symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,2-dimethylhydrazine) also exists, but it is not as useful. UDMH can be oxidized in air to form many different substances, including toxic ones.

Dinitrogen tetroxide
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), and occasionally (usually among ex-USSR/Russian rocket engineers) as amyl, is the chemical compound N2O4. It is a useful reagent in chemical synthesis. It forms an equilibrium mixture with nitrogen dioxide. Its molar mass is 92.011 g/mol.

Dinitrogen tetroxide is a powerful oxidizer that is hypergolic (spontaneously reacts) upon contact with various forms of hydrazine, which has made the pair a common bipropellant for rockets.
Subbase
In topology in mathematics, a subbase (or subbasis, prebase, prebasis) for the topology τ of a topological space (X, τ) is a subcollection  of  that generates  in the sense that  is the smallest topology containing  as open sets. A slightly different definition is used by some authors, and there are other useful equivalent formulations of the definition; these are discussed below.

Subbase is a weaker notion than that of a base for a topology.

Intersection (set theory)
In set theory, the intersection of two sets  and  denoted by  is the set containing all elements of  that also belong to  or equivalently, all elements of  that also belong to  The notion of intersection as an algebraic operation with sets as operands has been generalized from geometry, where it is encountered in the case of geometric sets of points, such as individual points, lines (infinite uncountable sets of points), planes, etc.
Nerd
A nerd is a person seen as over-intellectual, obsessive, introverted, or lacking social skills. Such a person may spend inordinate amounts of time on unpopular, little-known, or non-mainstream activities, which are generally either highly technical, abstract, or relating to niche topics such as science fiction or fantasy, to the exclusion of more mainstream activities. Additionally, many so-called nerds are described as being shy, quirky, pedantic, and unattractive.

Originally derogatory, the term "nerd" was a stereotype, but as with other pejoratives, it has been reclaimed and redefined by some as a term of pride and group identity. The term may be considered a synonym for geek.

Mary Bucholtz
Mary Bucholtz (born 29 October 1966) is a professor of linguistics at UC Santa Barbara. Bucholtz's work focuses largely on language use in the United States, and specifically on issues of language and youth; language, gender, and sexuality; African American English; and Mexican and Chicano Spanish.
2014 Hamilton, Ontario, municipal election
The 2014 Hamilton municipal election was a municipal election that occurred on October 27, 2014, to select one mayor, fifteen members of the Hamilton City Council and members of both English and French Public and Catholic School Boards. As per the Ontario Municipal Elections Act, nominations opened on January 2, 2014, and closed on September 12, 2014. Four new councillors were elected in open seats across Hamilton while all incumbents who stood for re-election had returned to office. Though marked by a steep decline in voter turnout, this election was historic, as it saw the election of Hamilton's first openly gay and first radicalized members of city council.

Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale (provincial electoral district)
Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale was a provincial electoral district in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It was created for the 2007 provincial election. 82.9% of the riding came from Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Aldershot while 17.1% came from Hamilton West.

The riding included all of Hamilton west of a line running along Glancaster Road then to Garner Road then to a Hydroelectric Transmission Line then to Highway 403 to Hamilton Harbour.

In 2018, the district was dissolved into Hamilton West—Ancaster—Dundas and Flamborough—Glanbrook.
Hungry Jack's
Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd. is an Australian fast food franchise of the Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, with licensing from Restaurant Brands International, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licenses all of the Burger King/Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia.

As the master franchise for Australia, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in Australia. With over 400 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second-largest franchise of Burger King in the world, second to Carrols Corporation, which is now owned by Restaurant Brands International.

Carrols Restaurant Group
Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. is an American franchisee company and is the largest Burger King franchisee in the world; Carrols owns and operates over 1,000 Burger Kings, and 55 Popeyes restaurants. The company has operated Burger Kings since 1976 in locations across 23 U.S. states.

The company has its roots in the Carrols hamburger restaurant chain which operated in parts of the U.S. beginning circa 1960. The domestic locations were converted to Burger King restaurants beginning in 1975, though the brand survived in other parts of the world, until as late as 2012 in Finland.

For a time following the 1975 conversion to Burger King, the company also owned the restaurant chains Pollo Tropical and Taco Cabana.
Ion implantation
Ion implantation is a low-temperature process by which ions of one element are accelerated into a solid target, thereby changing the target's physical, chemical, or electrical properties. Ion implantation is used in semiconductor device fabrication and in metal finishing, as well as in materials science research. The ions can alter the elemental composition of the target (if the ions differ in composition from the target) if they stop and remain in the target.  Ion implantation also causes chemical and physical changes when the ions impinge on the target at high energy. The crystal structure of the target can be damaged or even destroyed by the energetic collision cascades, and ions of sufficiently high energy (tens of MeV) can cause nuclear transmutation.

Arsine
Arsine (IUPAC name: arsane) is an inorganic compound with the formula AsH3. This flammable, pyrophoric, and highly toxic pnictogen hydride gas is one of the simplest compounds of arsenic. Despite its lethality, it finds some applications in the semiconductor industry and for the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds. The term arsine is commonly used to describe a class of organoarsenic compounds of the formula AsH3−xRx, where R = aryl or alkyl. For example, As(C6H5)3, called triphenylarsine, is referred to as "an arsine".
Midwest Radio Network
Midwest Radio Network is an Australian media company that focuses on broadcasting and digital media. The broadcasting division focuses on the operation of FM and AM commercial radio stations in the Midwest region, west of Sydney. The digital media platform comprising newspaper-style news portals is internationally concentrated.

Bathurst, New South Wales
Bathurst (/ˈbæθɜːrst/ BATH-erst, locally /ˈbæθəst/ BATH-əst) is a city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. Bathurst is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) west-northwest of Sydney and is the seat of the Bathurst Regional Council. Founded in 1815, Bathurst is the oldest inland settlement in Australia and had a population of 44,621 in 2023.

Bathurst is often referred to as the Gold Country, as the area was the site of Australia's first discovery of payable gold in 1851, and where Australia's first gold rush occurred. Today education, tourism and manufacturing drive the economy. The internationally known racetrack Mount Panorama, also known as Wahluu, is a landmark of the city which brings in a lot of tourism, especially during the week of the Bathurst 1000. Bathurst has a historic city centre with many ornate buildings remaining from the New South Wales gold rush in the mid to late 19th century.
Chica Paula
Paula Schopf (born 1970 in Santiago de Chile), known as Chica Paula, is a Chilean DJ and electronic record producer. Sister of musician and producer Dandy Jack (Martin Schopf) and DJ Adrian (Adrian Schopf), she has developed her own career as a DJ and producer in both Chile and Germany under the name "Chica Paula".

Ricardo Villalobos
Ricardo Villalobos (born 6 August 1970) is a Chilean-born German electronic music producer and DJ. He is well known for his work in the minimal techno and microhouse genres, and is one of the most significant figures in the minimal techno scene.
Metamaterials (journal)
Metamaterials was a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in March 2007. It was published by Elsevier and the founding editor-in-chief was Mikhail Lapine (Helsinki University of Technology). The journal published special issues occasionally. It covered research concerning metamaterials, such as artificial electromagnetic materials, which includes various types of composite periodic structures and frequency selective surfaces in the microwave and optical range. The journal was abstracted and indexed in Scopus. It was discontinued in 2013.

Tunable metamaterial
A tunable metamaterial is a metamaterial with a variable response to an incident electromagnetic wave. This includes remotely controlling how an incident electromagnetic wave (EM wave) interacts with a metamaterial.  This translates into the capability to determine whether the EM wave is  transmitted, reflected, or absorbed. In general, the lattice structure of the tunable metamaterial is adjustable in real time, making it possible to reconfigure a metamaterial device during operation. It encompasses  developments beyond the bandwidth limitations in left-handed materials by constructing various types of metamaterials. The ongoing research in this domain includes electromagnetic band gap metamaterials (EBG), also known as photonic band gap (PBG), and negative refractive index material (NIM).
Andreacarus voalavo
Andreacarus voalavo is a parasitic mite found on the Malagasy rodent Voalavo gymnocaudus. First described in 2007, it is closely related to Andreacarus gymnuromys and Andreacarus eliurus, which are found on other Malagasy rodents. The length of the idiosoma, the main body, is 630 to 670 μm in females and 450 to 480 μm in males. Unlike A. eliurus, this species lacks distinct sternal glands (secretory organs) between two lyrifissures (sensory organs) on the lower part of the female body. The pilus dentilis, a sensory organ on the chelicera, is serrate, which distinguishes it from A. gymnuromys. Females of A. gymnuromys also have a less ornamented sternal shield (covering part of the underparts) and shorter setae (bristles) on the upperparts.

Barry OConnor
Barry OConnor is an American acarologist. He is Professor Emeritus at the University of Michigan and Curator Emeritus of its zoology museum. He is an expert on mites and ticks, their evolution, systematics and ecology, including interactions with their hosts.
Emily Stellato
Emily Stellato (born 31 May 1982) is an Italian former professional tennis player and professional padel player.

A right-handed player from Latina, Stellato reached a best singles ranking of 364 on the professional tour and won two ITF titles.

Stellato was ranked as high as 162 in doubles and won a WTA Tour title at Palermo in 2003, partnering Adriana Serra Zanetti. She won a further seven ITF doubles tournaments, all in partnership with Alice Canepa.

Alice Canepa
Alice Canepa (Italian pronunciation: [aˈliːtʃe ˈkaːnepa, - kaˈnɛː-]; born 30 April 1978) is a former professional tennis player from Italy.

Her highest singles and doubles rankings are No. 158 and No. 93, respectively.
Tamalada
A tamalada or tamaliza in Mexico and Mexican culture, and in some Central American countries, is any secular or religious celebration, festivity, party, gathering or meal, where tamales are served and are the main dish. Historically, it was any gathering, whether at home or outdoors in the country, where tamales were served, thus, it was also synonymous with picnic, an outing or occasion that involves taking a packed meal to be eaten outdoors as tamales are a portable food. It was also defined as a meal among family members or close, intimate friends. It is also known as a tamaliza.

In the United States, among Hispanics in the American Southwest, a “tamalada” is a “tamale making party”, a gathering of family and friends for making tamales, typically done during the Christmas and holiday season.

Tamale
A tamale is a traditional Mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaves. The wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. Tamales can be filled with meats, cheeses, fruits, vegetables, herbs, chilies, or any preparation according to taste, and both the filling and the cooking liquid may be seasoned.

Tamale is an anglicized version of the Spanish word tamal (plural: tamales). Tamal comes from the Nahuatl tamalli.

The English "tamale" is a back-formation from tamales, with English speakers applying English pluralization rules, and thus interpreting the -e- as part of the stem, rather than part of the plural suffix -es.
Balwina Land District
Balwina Land District is a land district (cadastral division) of Western Australia, located within the Eastern Land Division in the Great Sandy Desert. It spans roughly 19°30'S - 21°00'S in latitude and 126°25'E - 129°00'E in longitude.

The district includes part of the Shire of Halls Creek in the Kimberley region — most particularly the community of Balgo — as well as the easternmost part of the Shire of East Pilbara in the Pilbara region of the state.

Great Sandy Desert
The Great Sandy Desert is an interim Australian bioregion, located in the northeast of Western Australia straddling the Pilbara and southern Kimberley regions and extending east into the Northern Territory. It is the second largest desert in Australia after the Great Victoria Desert and encompasses an area of 284,993 km2 (110,036 sq mi). The Gibson Desert lies to the south and the Tanami Desert lies to the east of the Great Sandy Desert.
V373 Scuti
V373 Scuti was a nova which appeared in 1975 in the southern constellation of Scutum.  It was announced on June 15, 1975 by Paul Wild at the Zimmerwald Observatory, Switzerland. At the time the magnitude was about 7.9. The peak magnitude of 7.1 occurred a month earlier on May 11.

The light curve of this nova declined as a typical power law following the peak, but showed significant jittery behavior. After about 40–50 days emission lines began to appear in the spectrum, which allowed measurement of the mean expansion velocity as 955±130 km/s. The large amplitude flickering as well as other indicators suggest a magnetic influence, making this a candidate intermediate polar system. A luminosity modulation of 258.3 seconds is most likely due to rotation of the white dwarf. The system has an orbital period of 3.69 ± 0.07 h, and the light curve suggests a high orbital inclination.

Scutum (constellation)
Scutum is a small constellation. Its name is Latin for shield, and it was originally named Scutum Sobiescianum by Johannes Hevelius in 1684. Located just south of the celestial equator, its four brightest stars form a narrow diamond shape.  It is one of the 88 IAU designated constellations defined in 1922.