hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chili con carne
Chili con carne (Spanish: [ˈtʃili koŋ ˈkaɾne], lit. 'chili with meat'), often shortened to chili, is a spicy stew of Mexican origin containing chili peppers (sometimes in the form of chili powder), meat (usually beef), tomatoes and often beans. Other seasonings may include garlic, onions, and cumin.

The types of meat and other ingredients used vary based on geographic and personal tastes. Recipes provoke disputes among aficionados, some of whom insist that the word chili applies only to the basic dish, without beans and tomatoes. Chili con carne is a common dish for cook-offs, and may be used as a side, garnish, or ingredient in other dishes, such as soups or salsas.

Salsa (food)
A salsa is any of a variety of sauces used as condiments for tacos and other Mexican and Mexican-American foods, and as dips for tortilla chips. They may be raw or cooked, and are generally served at room temperature.

Though the word salsa means any kind of sauce in Spanish, in English, it refers specifically to these Mexican table sauces, especially to the chunky tomato-and-chili-based pico de gallo, as well as to salsa verde.

Tortilla chips with salsa are a ubiquitous appetizer in Mexican-American restaurants, but not in Mexico itself.
Hachijō grammar
The Hachijō language shares much of its grammar with its sister language of Japanese—having both descended from varieties of Old Japanese—as well as with its more distant relatives in the Ryukyuan language family. However, Hachijō grammar includes a substantial number of distinguishing features from modern Standard Japanese, both innovative and archaic.

Hachijō is head-final, left-branching, topic-prominent, often omits nouns that can be understood from context, and has default subject–object–verb word order. Nouns do not exhibit grammatical gender, nor do they usually indicate grammatical number.

Null morpheme
In morphology, a null morpheme or zero morpheme is a morpheme that has no phonetic form. In simpler terms, a null morpheme is an "invisible" affix. It is a concept useful for analysis, by contrasting null morphemes with alternatives that do have some phonetic realization. The null morpheme is represented as either the figure zero (0) or the empty set symbol ∅.

In most languages, it is the affixes that are realized as null morphemes, indicating that the derived form does not differ from the stem. For example, plural form sheep can be analyzed as combination of sheep with added null affix for the plural. The process of adding a null affix is called null affixation, null derivation or zero derivation.  The concept was first used by the 4th century BCE Sanskrit grammarian from ancient India, Pāṇini, in his Sanskrit grammar.
2021 Tennis in the Land
The 2021 Tennis in the Land event was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Jacobs Pavilion. It was the first edition of the tournament held in the city of Cleveland in the United States and was a part of the WTA 250 category of the 2021 WTA Tour.

2021 WTA Tour
The 2021 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2021 tennis season. The 2021 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Finals and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2021 calendar are the Summer Olympic Games, which were rescheduled from 2020.
Carcharodontosauridae
Carcharodontosauridae (carcharodontosaurids; from the Greek καρχαροδοντόσαυρος, carcharodontósauros: "shark-toothed lizards") is a group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs. In 1931, Ernst Stromer named Carcharodontosauridae as a family, which, in modern paleontology,  indicates a clade within Carnosauria. Carcharodontosaurids include some of the largest land predators ever known: Giganotosaurus, Mapusaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, and Tyrannotitan all rivaled Tyrannosaurus in size. Estimates give a maximum weight of 8–10 metric tons (8.8–11.0 short tons) for the largest carcharodontosaurids, while the smallest carcharodontosaurids were estimated to have weighed at least 500 kilograms (1,100 lb).

Concavenator
Concavenator (meaning "Cuenca hunter") is a genus of carcharodontosaurian dinosaur that lived in Spain during the Early Cretaceous epoch, about 125 million years ago. The genus contains a single species, Concavenator corcovatus, named and described in 2010 from a nearly complete skeleton collected from the Las Hoyas fossil site of the La Huérguina Formation.

Concavenator was a medium-sized carcharodontosaurian, reaching about 5–6 m (16–20 ft) in length and 320–400 kg (710–880 lb) in weight. Unlike most carcharodontosaurians, the neural spines of the last dorsal (back) vertebrae were tall, creating a sail-like structure.
Nevado de Toluca
Nevado de Toluca (Spanish: [neˈβaðo ðe toˈluka] ⓘ) is a stratovolcano in central Mexico, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Mexico City near the city of Toluca. It is the fourth highest of Mexico's peaks, after Pico de Orizaba, Popocatépetl and Iztaccíhuatl. The volcano and the area around it is now a national park.

Lahar
A lahar ( /ˈlɑːhɑːr/, from Javanese: lahar, ꦭꦲꦂ) is a violent type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.

Lahars are often extremely destructive and deadly; they can flow tens of metres per second, they have been known to be up to 140 metres (460 ft) deep, and large flows tend to destroy any structures in their path. Notable lahars include those at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines and Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, the latter of which killed more than 20,000 people in the Armero tragedy.
Khalsa Tract Society
The Khalsa Tract Society was an organization created by Bhai Vir Singh and Kaur Singh in 1893 to promote the aims and objects of the Singh Sabha Movement. The organization had a large output of tracts over the years that touched upon various subjects.

Tract (literature)
A tract is a literary work and, in current usage, often religious in nature. The notion of what constitutes a tract has changed over time; by the early 21st century, the term refers to a brief pamphlet with religious or political themes. Tracts are often either left for someone to find or distributed as a medium of mass communication in the context of proselytism. However, there have been times in history when the term also implied much longer, tome-like works. The derivative tractate of scripture or the Talmud is the equivalent in Hebrew literature to a chapter of the Christian Bible.
Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street
Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street (Russian: Большая Никитская улица, Bolshaya Nikitskaya ulitsa) is a radial street that runs west from Mokhovaya Street to Garden Ring in Moscow, between Vozdvizhenka Street (south) and Tverskaya Street (north). Central, eastern part of the street is notable for its educational institutions (old Moscow State University and Moscow Conservatory) and theaters, western part beyond the Boulevard Ring has many Neoclassical mansions and competes with nearby Povarskaya Street for the title of Moscow's Embassy Row.

Vozdvizhenka Street
Vozdvizhenka Street, (Russian: Воздвиженка), is a radial street connecting Manege Square and Arbat Square in central Arbat District of Moscow, Russia. The street's name refers to a monastery that existed here since 1450 and perished in the Fire of Moscow (1812). In 1934–1946, it was known as Comintern Street (улица Коминтерна), in 1946-1991 as Kalinin Street (улица Калинина) Kalinin Prospect (проспект Калинина).
Raymond Martini
Raymond Martini, also called Ramon Martí in Catalan, was a 13th-century Dominican friar and theologian. He is remembered for his polemic work Pugio Fidei (c. 1270). In 1250 he was one of eight friars appointed to make a study of oriental languages with the purpose of carrying on a mission to Jews and Moors. He worked in Spain as a missionary, and also for a short time in Tunis. A document bearing his signature and dated July 1284 shows that he was at that time still living.

Leopold Zunz
Leopold Zunz (Hebrew: יום טוב צונץ—Yom Tov Tzuntz, Yiddish: ליפמאַן צונץ—Lipman Tsunts; 10 August 1794 – 17 March 1886) was the founder of academic Judaic Studies (Wissenschaft des Judentums), the critical investigation of Jewish literature, hymnology and ritual. Zunz's historical investigations and contemporary writings had an important influence on contemporary Judaism.
Hans-Jörg Butt
Hans-Jörg Butt (German pronunciation: [hans ˈjœʁk ˈbʊt]; born 28 May 1974), often simply called Jörg Butt, is a German former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Known for taking penalty kicks, and for often running into the opposing penalty box in an attempt to find a winner whenever his team were trailing, he scored 26 goals in the Bundesliga. He played for Hamburger SV, Bayer Leverkusen and Bayern Munich in his country, having arrived at Munich already aged 34.

Butt represented Germany in two World Cups and at Euro 2000.

2001–02 UEFA Champions League
The 2001–02 UEFA Champions League was the 47th season of the UEFA Champions League, UEFA's premier club football tournament, and the 10th since its rebranding from the "European Champion Clubs' Cup" or "European Cup". The tournament was won by Real Madrid, who beat Bayer Leverkusen in the final to claim their ninth European Cup title. The final's winning goal was scored by Zinedine Zidane, with a left-footed volley from the edge of the penalty area into the top left corner.

Bayer Leverkusen eliminated all three English teams on their way to the final: Arsenal in the second group stage, followed by Liverpool in the quarter-finals and Manchester United in the semi-finals.

Manchester United striker Ruud van Nistelrooy was the tournament's top scorer, scoring 10 goals from the first group stage through to the semi-final.

Bayern Munich were the defending champions, but were eliminated by eventual winners Real Madrid in the quarter-finals.
Gail Simmons
Gail Simmons (born May 19, 1976) is a Canadian food writer and cookbook author. She has served as a permanent judge on Bravo's Emmy-winning series Top Chef since the show's inception in 2006. Simmons was previously the head critic on Top Chef Duels and host of Top Chef: Just Desserts, Bravo's pastry-focused spin-off of the Top Chef franchise. She was also the co-host of The Feed, which aired in 2014 on FYI, A+E's new lifestyle network. In addition to her work on Top Chef, Gail makes frequent television appearances on NBC's Today and ABC's Good Morning America, among others. She has been featured in such publications as New York magazine, Travel + Leisure, GQ, People, Los Angeles Times, and more.

Institute of Culinary Education
The Institute of Culinary Education (ICE) is a private for-profit culinary school with locations in New York City and Los Angeles, accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC). It offers career training, diploma and associate degree programs in the culinary arts both in person and online. Fields of study include culinary arts, pastry and baking arts, plant-based culinary arts, restaurant and culinary management and hospitality management. The school also runs one of the largest hands-on recreational cooking, baking and beverage programs in the United States.
Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (TV series)
Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (My Sweet Orange Tree) is a 1998 Brazilian telenovela, produced by Rede Bandeirantes between December 7, 1998 and April 2, 1999, in 101 chapters.

Based on the book of the same name, by José Mauro de Vasconcelos, it was written by Ana Maria Moretzsohn, with collaboration from Dayse Chaves, Izabel de Oliveira, Maria Cláudia Oliveira and Vera Villar, under the general direction of Henrique Martins . It was the third adaptation, after the 1970 version by TV Tupi and the 1980 version by Bandeirantes itself.

O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (1970 TV series)
O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (English: My Sweet Orange Tree) is a Brazilian telenovela, produced by Rede Tupi from November 30, 1970 to August 30, 1971.

It is the first television adaptation of the novel of the same name by José Mauro de Vasconcelos. It was written by Ivani Ribeiro and directed by Carlos Zara.

A huge success with the public, the story captivated viewers, received several awards and had a good audience.
Guy Hendrix Dyas
Guy Hendrix Dyas is a British-American production designer known for his collaboration with directors such as Pablo Larraín, Danny Boyle, Christopher Nolan, Ang Lee and Steven Spielberg.

He grew up in the South of England and graduated with a master's degree in design from The Royal College of Art in London. His professional career started in Tokyo as an industrial designer, working for the Sony Corporation.

Pablo Larraín
Pablo Larraín Matte (Spanish pronunciation: [laraˈin]; born 19 August 1976) is a Chilean filmmaker. He is known for directing films such as The Club (2015), Neruda (2016), Jackie (2016), Spencer (2021), El Conde (2023), and Maria (2024). His 2012 film No was the first Chilean film nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the Academy Awards, while Larraín and his brother Juan de Dios co-produced Sebastián Lelio's A Fantastic Woman (2017), which became the first film from Chile to win the Oscar in that category. In 2021, Larraín directed the Apple TV+ psychological romance horror miniseries Lisey's Story.
Dalmusternock, East Ayrshire
Dalmusternock (NS455417) was a dower house built and occupied by William Mure after his marriage and prior to inheriting  the family seat of Rowallan Castle. The property is located near Fenwick, in the Barony of Rowallan, lying 3 miles north of Kilmarnock and 18 miles south of Glasgow, Parish of Fenwick, East Ayrshire, Scotland. The estate is recorded as Dalmunsternoch circa 1654; Dalmasternock circa 1747; Dalmusterknok 1775

Fenwick, East Ayrshire
Fenwick is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland. In 2019, its population was estimated to be 989. Fenwick is the terminus of the M77 following its extension, which was opened in April 2005, at the beginning of the Kilmarnock bypass.
Sonanus senzuensis
Sonanus senzuensis is a species of parasitoid wasp in the Doryctini tribe of the subfamily Doryctinae in the family Braconidae. It was first described in 2001 by the Russian entomologist, Sergey A. Belokobylskij, and the Japanese entomologist, Kazuhiko Konishi.

Braconidae
The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and another provided a narrower estimate between 42,000 and 43,000 species.
Sainte-Marie (provincial electoral district)
Sainte-Marie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t maʁi] ⓘ) was a provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada.

It corresponded to the Sainte-Marie neighbourhood and eastern Ville-Marie in Montreal.

It was created for the 1966 election from parts of Montréal–Sainte-Marie, Montréal–Saint-Jacques and Maisonneuve electoral districts.  Its final election was in 1985.  It disappeared in the 1989 election and its successor electoral district was Sainte-Marie–Saint-Jacques.

Maisonneuve (provincial electoral district)
Maisonneuve (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃nœv]) was a former provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada.

It was created for the 1912 election from part of Hochelaga electoral district. Its final election was in 1985.  It disappeared in the 1989 election and its successor electoral district was Hochelaga-Maisonneuve.

It was named after the founder of Ville-Marie (now Montreal), Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve.
Vladimír Smutný
Vladimír Smutný (13 July 1942 – 7 June 2025) was a Czech cinematographer. He was an eight-time winner of the Czech Lion Award for Best Cinematography. He was also a cinematographer of Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film winner Kolya (1996).

His father was a photographer. His sister, Jitka Smutná, is an actress. After graduating from FAMU in Prague, he worked as an advertising photographer for Tesla Holešovice and as a camera operator for Krátký film Praha. From 1974 he worked as an assistant cinematographer. His first projects as director of photography were in the 1980s when he worked primarily with directors Jiří Svoboda and Karel Kachyňa. Beginning in the mid-1990s he worked primarily with directors Jan Svěrák and Václav Marhoul. From 1997 he taught at FAMU in Prague.

Smutný died on 7 June 2025, at the age of 82.

Jan Svěrák
Jan Svěrák (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjan ˈsvjɛraːk]; born 6 February 1965) is a Czech film director and screenwriter. He is the son of screenwriter and actor Zdeněk Svěrák, with whom he collaborated on his most successful films. He is among the most recognized Czech filmmakers. His best-known films are the Oscar-winning Kolya and the Oscar-nominated The Elementary School.
Nehemiah Walter
Nehemiah Walter (December 1663 in Youghal, County Cork, Ireland – 17 September 1750 in Roxbury, Boston, British Colonial America) was a clergyman. He came with his father, Thomas, to the American colonies in 1679, settling in the Boston area. He was graduated at Harvard in 1684. After living for a time in Nova Scotia, became colleague to John Eliot, the apostle to the Indians.  He was minister of Roxbury, Massachusetts from 17 October 1688 until his death.

Walter married a daughter of Increase Mather. He published The body of death anatomized: A brief essay concerning the sorrows and the desires of the regenerate, upon their sense of indwelling sin (Boston, 1707); Practical Discourses on the Holiness of Heaven (1726); and a posthumous volume of Sermons on Isaiah LV (1755).

Increase Mather
Increase Mather (/ˈmæðər/; June 21 (O.S.), 1639 – August 23 (O.S.), 1723) was a New England Puritan clergyman who served as the sixth president of Harvard College from 1685 to 1701. During his tenure, which coincided with the notorious Salem witch trials, he was influential in the administration of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Pinocchio frog
The Pinocchio frog or northern Pinocchio treefrog (Litoria pinocchio) is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It was discovered in the Foja Mountains of Papua Province in Indonesia by Conservation International and the National Geographic Society during a 2008 expedition, where it was accidentally spotted by Paul Oliver, a herpetologist. Despite being discovered in 2008, it remained undescribed and was long known simply as the "Pinocchio frog" (with no given scientific name) until 2019, when it was finally described as Litoria pinocchio. The frog is named for its Pinocchio-like nose, which can enlarge and inflate in certain situations. Although unusual, a similar nose is found in several other related frogs from New Guinea, including L. chrisdahli, L. havina, L. mareku, L. mucro, L. pronimia and L. prora.

Litoria havina
Litoria havina is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It is found in New Guinea.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, heavily degraded former forests, and canals and ditches.

It is threatened by habitat loss.
Guys Choice: Perfect 10
The Guys Choice: Perfect 10, also known as 2016 Guys Choice, is an awards show that was taped on June 4 at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California and aired on Spike on June 9, 2016. This year's theme was set to a 'Rat Pack' Las Vegas theme in honor of the show's 10th anniversary. A last minute tribute to Muhammad Ali, who died the day before the taping on June 3, was included with a special performance from John Legend and Andra Day.

Guys Choice
The Guys Choice (formerly known as Spike Guys Choice Awards) was an awards show produced by the Viacom cable channel Spike from 2007 to 2016. The winners were originally chosen based on voting by the channel's fans and viewers until 2015, when the show started presenting the honorees.

The trophy for the award was a golden pair of antlers on a wooden pedestal, symbolizing the stag.
Langenbach bei Kirburg
Langenbach bei Kirburg (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋənbax baɪ ˈkɪʁbʊʁk], lit. 'Langenbach near Kirburg') is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde – in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Westerwaldkreis
The Westerwaldkreis ("District of Westerwald") is a district (Kreis) in the north-east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Altenkirchen, Lahn-Dill, Limburg-Weilburg, Rhein-Lahn, the district-free city Koblenz, Mayen-Koblenz and Neuwied.
Çakmak (Istanbul Metro)
Çakmak is an underground station on the M5 line of the Istanbul Metro in Ümraniye. The station is located on Alemdağ Street in the Saray quarter of Ümraniye. Connection to IETT city buses is available at street level.

The M5 line operates as fully automatic unattended train operation (UTO). The station consists of an island platform with two tracks. Since the M5 is an ATO line, protective gates on each side of the platform open only when a train is in the station.

Çakmak station was opened on 21 October 2018.

Ümraniye
Ümraniye (pronounced [ymˈɾaːnije]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 46 km2, and its population is 723,760 (2023). It was separated from Üsküdar in 1987. It is bordered by Çekmeköy to the northeast, Sancaktepe to the east, Ataşehir to the south, Üsküdar to the west and Beykoz to the northwest.
Islamo-leftism
Islamo-leftism is a neologism designating a supposed proximity and laxity of certain left-wing ideologies, personalities or parties towards political Islam, or even Islamism. Composed of the prefix "Islamo-" and the noun "leftism", it was created by Pierre-André Taguieff in 2002, before being subsequently taken up by various media, intellectual, academic or political personalities. The relevance of the term is contested in particular by its instrumentalization and its stigmatizing aspect similar to "Judeo-Bolshevism".

Political Islam
Political Islam is the interpretation of Islam as a source of political identity and action. It advocates the formation of state and society according to (the advocates understanding of) Islamic principles, where  Islam serves as a source of political positions and concepts. Political  Islam is generally used interchangeably  with  the term Islamism by authors inside and outside of academia, and thought  of as  the political element of the Islamic revival that began in the 20th century,
rather than  just any form of political activity by Muslims.  However, there have also been new attempts to distinguish between Islamism as religiously based political movements and political Islam as a national modern understanding of Islam shared by secular and Islamist actors.