hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Year Island (Northern Territory)
New Year Island is a low-lying, uninhabited island in the Arafura Sea. It is part of the Northern Territory of Australia, and is 294 km north-east of Darwin, and 50 km east of Croker Island. It is approximately 2 km long, and 800 metres wide.

Like all islands in the Croker Group, New Year Island is Aboriginal freehold land, held by the Arnhem Land Aboriginal Land Trust.

New Year Island is noteworthy in that a small rock 60 metres to its north is the northernmost land in the Northern Territory.

Croker Island
Croker Island is an island in the Arafura Sea off the coast of the Northern Territory, Australia, 250 km (160 mi) northeast of Darwin. It was the site of the Croker Island Mission between 1940 and 1968.
2021 U Sports Women's Basketball Championship
The 2021 U Sports Women's Basketball Championship was scheduled to be held March 11–14, 2021, in Kingston, Ontario, to determine a national champion for the 2020–21 U Sports women's basketball season. However, on October 15, 2020, it was announced that the championship was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

U Sports women's basketball championship
The U Sports Women's Basketball Championship, branded as the Women's Basketball Final 8, is a Canadian university basketball tournament conducted by U Sports, and determines the women's national champion. The tournament involves the champions from each of Canada's four regional sports conferences. The Bronze Baby trophy is awarded to the winners.

Seventeen different schools have won the tournament. The University of Victoria has the most tournament wins, with nine. Laurentian University has seven championships. The University of British Columbia has taken the title six times, while the University of Windsor and Simon Fraser University have five apiece. Carleton University, the University of Winnipeg, the University of Saskatchewan and University of Manitoba have each won three championships, while Bishop's University and have won two. Seven programs have one national championship.
Loteprednol/tobramycin
Loteprednol/tobramycin, sold under the brand name Zylet, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of inflammation of the eye. It is a combination of loteprednol, as the etabonate, a corticosteroid; and tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is used as drops in the eye.

Loteprednol/tobramycin was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2004.

Aminoglycoside
Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside (sugar). The term can also refer more generally to any organic molecule that contains amino sugar substructures. Aminoglycoside antibiotics display bactericidal activity against Gram-negative aerobes and some anaerobic bacilli where resistance has not yet arisen but generally not against Gram-positive and anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria.

Streptomycin is the first-in-class aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is derived from Streptomyces griseus and is the earliest modern agent used against tuberculosis. Streptomycin lacks the common 2-deoxystreptamine moiety (image right, below) present in most other members of this class. Other examples of aminoglycosides include the deoxystreptamine-containing agents kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, and neomycin (see below).
2011 e-Boks Sony Ericsson Open
The 2011 e-Boks Sony Ericsson Open was the second edition of the tennis tournament e-Boks Danish Open, an international-level tournament on the 2011 WTA Tour. It was the second edition of the tournament. It took place on indoor hard courts in Farum, Denmark between 6 June and 12 June 2011. First-seeded Caroline Wozniacki won her second consecutive singles title at the event.

Danish Open (tennis)
The Danish Open (sponsored as the e-Boks Open) was a professional women's tennis tournament played 2010–12 on indoor hard courts in Farum, Denmark north of Copenhagen. The event was affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is an International-level tournament on the WTA Tour. The tournament may be viewed as a continuation of the ITF event 2008 Nordea Danish Open in Odense. A plan to change surface to red clay in 2012, still played indoors in Farum, was dropped due to the cost.

The tournament was selected to be held in April until at least 2015, however on November 9, 2012, the event was cancelled from the 2013 WTA Tour and replaced by a new tournament Katowice Open held in Katowice, Poland.
Development theory
Development theory is a collection of theories about how desirable change in society is best achieved. Such theories draw on a variety of social science disciplines and approaches. In this article, multiple theories are discussed, as are recent developments with regard to these theories. Depending on which theory that is being looked at, there are different explanations to the process of development and their inequalities.

Dual-sector model
The Dual Sector model, or the Lewis model, is a model in developmental economics that explains the growth of a developing economy in terms of a labour transition between two sectors,  the subsistence or traditional agricultural sector and the capitalist or modern industrial sector.
Aregawi Sabagadis
Aregawi Sabagadis (Tigrinya: አረገዊ ሱባጋዲስ, arägawi säbagadis; d.1860) was a dejazmach (governor) of Agame from 1831 to 1859. Aregawi gained some fame in the 1840-50s for rebelling a number of times against dejazmach Wube Haile Mariam. Making Adigrat his capital, he ruled Agame and the surrounding areas by 1818. Aregawi opposed Catholic missionaries activities in Tigray. However, by the end of his rule, he developed diplomatic relations with the French consul in Massawa. Aregawi was the son of dejazmach Sabagadis Woldu and was the father of ras Sebhat Aregawi.

Adigrat
Adigrat (Tigrinya: ዓዲግራት pronunciationⓘ, ʿaddigrat, also called ʿAddi Grat) is a city and separate woreda in Tigray Region of Ethiopia. It is located in the Misraqawi Zone at longitude and latitude 14°16′N 39°27′E﻿ / ﻿14.267°N 39.450°E﻿ / 14.267; 39.450, with an elevation of 2,457 metres (8,061 ft) above sea level and below a high ridge to the west. Adigrat is a strategically important gateway to Eritrea and the Red Sea. Adigrat was part of Ganta Afeshum woreda before a separate woreda was created for the city. Currently, Adigrat serves as the capital of the Eastern Tigray zone.

Adigrat is one of the most important cities of Tigray, which evolved from earlier political centers and camps of regional governors. Antalo, Aläqot and Adigrat were a few of them. The decline of Antalo was followed by the rise of Adigrat as another prominent, yet short-lived, capital of Tigray. It used to serve as the capital of Agame.
Notobothrus
Notobothrus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It contains only one species, Notobothrus longilamellatus, which is known from the lowland Amazonian Peru and northwestern Brazilian Acre State. It was formerly placed in the subfamily Neurigoninae, but was moved to Peloropeodinae by Naglis in 2002. In 2020, the genus was excluded from the Peloropeodinae and provisionally left incertae sedis within Dolichopodidae.

Dolichopodidae
Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, are a large, cosmopolitan family of true flies with more than 8,000 described species in about 250 genera. The genus Dolichopus is the most speciose, with some 600 species.

Dolichopodidae generally are small flies with large, prominent eyes and a metallic cast to their appearance, though there is considerable variation among the species.  Most have long legs, though some do not. In many species, the males have unusually large genitalia which are taxonomically useful in identifying species. Most adults are predatory on other small animals, though some may scavenge or act as kleptoparasites of spiders or other predators.
Amtrak Virginia
Amtrak Virginia is the collective name for Virginia's state-supported Amtrak train service, all of which falls under the Northeast Regional brand. Amtrak Virginia trains run between Washington, D.C., and one of four southern termini: Richmond, Newport News, Norfolk, or Roanoke. Trains generally continue north from D.C. along the Northeast Corridor, providing one-seat rides from Virginia to Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston.

The Virginia Passenger Rail Authority has overseen Amtrak Virginia since 2020.

Richmond Staples Mill Road station
Richmond Staples Mill Road station is an Amtrak train station located in unincorporated Henrico County, Virginia, about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of downtown Richmond. It is served by the daily Carolinian, Floridian, Palmetto, Silver Meteor, and several daily Northeast Regional trains.
Phallocryptus spinosus
Phallocryptus spinosus, the halophilic fairy shrimp, is a species of fairy shrimp within the family Thamnocephalidae. The species of previously recorded from a shallow salty pond in Tabriz, occurring in the same area as Branchinecta orientalis. More locations were reported in similar habitats in central and south Iran from Bafq and Lar, and a 4th population was found 200 kilometers south to the original locality. It occurs in parts of Southern Africa, notably the Makgadikgadi Pans of Botswana. Other crustacean species found in this region of Botswana in co-existence with B. spinosa include Moina belli.

Thamnocephalidae
Thamnocephalidae is a family of anostracan branchiopod crustaceans with wide distribution including Western Australia, Southern Africa and South America. It was originally described as a subfamily of Branchipodidae by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1883, and elevated to the rank of family by Simon in 1886. Six genera are recognised, in two subfamilies:

Branchinellinae

Branchinella Sayce, 1903

Dendrocephalus Daday, 1908

Phallocryptus Birabén, 1951

Spiralifrons Dixon, 2010

Thamnocephalinae

Carinophallus Rogers, 2006

Thamnocephalus Packard, 1879
Follese
Follese is a village in Askøy Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Askøy about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of the village of Strusshamn and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of the village of Kleppestø. As of 2017, Follese had 2539 inhabitants including the area of Hetlevik to the north.

Askøy (island)
Askøy is an island in Askøy Municipality in Vestland county, Norway.  The 90-square-kilometre (35 sq mi) island makes up about 91% of the municipal area and is home to about 99% of the municipal residents. In 2022, there were 29,430 people living on the island. Since the opening of the Askøy Bridge leading to the mainland in the city of Bergen in 1992, the population has increased rapidly. The island is named after the old Ask farm along the eastern coast of the island. The village is the site of the old Ask Church.
The Free Thought
The Free Thought, also known as Vil'na dumka, Vilna Dumka and in (Ukrainian: Вільна думка); is a weekly Ukrainian newspaper published in Australia since 1949. In addition to serving post-World War II immigrants and the second and third generations of those immigrants, the newspaper also caters to newer immigrants from post-Soviet Ukraine. It has sections in both Ukrainian and English.

Ukrainian Australians
Ukrainian Australians refers to Australian citizens of Ukrainian descent, or Ukraine-born people who immigrated to Australia. They are an ethnic minority in Australia, numbering about 38,000 people according to the 2011 Census. Currently, the main concentrations of Ukrainians are located in the cities of Sydney and Melbourne.
Malca Gillson
Malca Gillson (1926-2010) was a Canadian filmmaker with the National Film Board of Canada, and one of the first women to join the NFB in a non-junior position. She was a multi-tasker, acting as composer, sound editor, editor, producer and director. She is best known for her ground-breaking trilogy about end-of-life care: The Last Days of Living, Reflections on Suffering and Time for Caring.

John Howe (filmmaker)
John Howe (August 30, 1926 – August 18, 2008) was a Canadian director, producer, and composer with the National Film Board of Canada. He is best known for his films Do Not Fold, Staple, Spindle or Mutilate and Why Rock the Boat?, and for his handling of the NFB’s 1969 Austerity Crisis.
Why Say Goodbye
"Why Say Goodbye" is a song in the style of a ballad composed by Andre Popp and written by Larry Kusik and Eddie Snyder and most notably performed by Connie Francis, who released it as a single in early 1968 under MGM Records. The single saw her return to the singles charts.

L'amour est bleu
"L'amour est bleu" (French pronunciation: [lamuʁ ɛ blø]; "Love Is Blue") is a song recorded by Greek singer Vicky Leandros with music composed by André Popp and French lyrics written by Pierre Cour. It represented Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1967 held in Vienna, placing fourth.

It has since been recorded by many other musicians, most notably French orchestra leader Paul Mauriat, whose familiar instrumental version – recorded in late 1967 – became the first number-one by a French lead artist to top the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States.
Garnet Stakes
The Garnet Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Naas over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in October.

The race was first run in 2005.

Naas Racecourse
Naas Racecourse is a horse racing venue in Naas, County Kildare, Ireland, approximately 18 miles from Dublin. The course stages both Flat racing and National Hunt racing and in 2010 fifteen race meetings were held there.

The Naas Races Company was formed in 1922 and the first meeting at the course was held on 19 June 1924. The course is left-handed with an uphill finish and a long run-in.

Naas stages several Grade Two National Hunt races, including the Slaney Novice Hurdle, Nas Na Riogh Novice Chase and the Johnstown Novice Hurdle, and one Group Three flat race, the Blue Wind Stakes. Another flat race, the Fillies' Sprint Stakes, held Group Three status from 2006 to 2010.

Amongst horses that have taken part in races at Naas are Ragusa, the 1963 Irish Derby and Eclipse Stakes winner, and Arkle, winner of the Cheltenham Gold Cup in 1964, 1965 and 1966.
Nedim Bajrami
Nedim Bajrami (born 28 February 1999) is a footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Scottish Premiership club Rangers. Born in Switzerland, he plays for the Albania national team.

Bajrami began his professional career at Grasshopper in Switzerland before moving to Empoli in 2019 to help the club gain promotion to Serie A in 2021. He then joined Sassuolo in 2023, and moved to Rangers in Scotland in 2024.

Internationally, he represented Switzerland at youth levels before switching allegiance to Albania in 2021. In June 2024, Bajrami represented Albania at UEFA Euro 2024 and scored the fastest goal in tournament history, after just 23 seconds.

2020–21 Serie B
The 2020–21 Serie B (known as the Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons) was the 89th season of the Serie B since its establishment in 1929. It started on 25 September 2020 and ended on 10 May 2021.

On 5 November 2020, Serie B announced it would use VAR from the second half of the season. However, it was used only on promotion play-off matches. DAZN broadcast all matches live domestically, with MyCujoo further distributing games in 15 countries.
Eneida navyvarat
Eneida navyvarat (Belarusian: Энеіда навыварат; "Aeneid Inside Out") is a mock-heroic poem, one of the first major works of modern Belarusian literature. Written between 1812 and the early 1830s, it is a travesty (burlesque) parodying the epic poem Aeneid by the ancient Roman poet Virgil. Only a fragment of the poem (half of the 1st canto) has survived.

Belarusian literature
Belarusian literature (Belarusian: Беларуская лiтаратура, romanized: Biełaruskaja litaratura) is the writing produced, both prose and poetry, by speakers (not necessarily native speakers) of the Belarusian language.
First Shadow Cabinet of Antonis Samaras
The First Shadow Cabinet of Antonis Samaras was formed in 2009. A reshuffle was made in 2011. Following the June 2012 Greek legislative election, the Cabinet of Antonis Samaras was formed. The Shadow Cabinet of Alexis Tsipras became the next Shadow Cabinet.

Leader of the Official Opposition (Greece)
The Leader of the Official Opposition (Greek: Αρχηγός της Αξιωματικής Αντιπολίτευσης) is the politician who leads the biggest opposition party in Greece.

Today Leader of the Official Opposition is the President of the parliamentary group of PASOK – Movement for Change, Nikos Androulakis.
Chapin's babbler
Chapin's babbler (Turdoides chapini) or Chapin's mountain-babbler, is a species of passerine bird in the family Leiothrichidae, endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is native to the western foothills of the Albertine Rift montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

The common name and the Latin binomial commemorate the American ornithologist James Paul Chapin.

Chapin's babbler was moved from the genus Kupeornis to Turdoides based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2018.

Turdoides
Turdoides is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae. The species are distributed across Africa and southern Asia and are typically fairly large, long-tailed birds which forage in noisy groups. The majority of species have drab brown or grey-brown plumage. Several species that were included in Turdoides in the past have been reassigned to Argya following a 2018 study that found multiple clades.

The genus Turdoides was introduced in 1826 by the German physician Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar specifically for the white-headed babbler. The name combines the thrush genus Turdus with the Ancient Greek -oidēs meaning "resembling".
Istanbul University Observatory
The Istanbul University Observatory (Turkish: İstanbul Üniversitesi Gözlemevi) is a ground-based astronomical observatory operated by the Astronomy and Space Sciences Department at Istanbul University's  Faculty of Science. Established in 1936, it is situated next to the historic Beyazıt Tower within the  main campus of the university at Beyazıt Square in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey.

Beyazıt Tower
Beyazıt Tower, also named Seraskier Tower, from the name of the Ottoman ministry of War, is an 85-metre-tall (279 ft) fire-watch tower located in the courtyard of Istanbul University's main campus (formerly Ottoman Ministry of War) on Beyazıt Square (known as the Forum Tauri in the Roman period) in Istanbul, Turkey.

Beyazıt Tower was ordered by the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (1808–1839), and designed by Senekerim Balyan, who built it of stone in 1828 on the place of the original wooden Beyazıt Tower, which was destroyed in a fire and was constructed earlier by the architect's brother, Krikor Balyan.

It is currently equipped with a lighting system to indicate weather conditions in different colors. Red colour means snow, blue—nice and clear weather, green—rain and yellow—fog.
Carl H. Jark
Carl Henry Jark (June 13, 1905 – March 22, 1984) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Army with the rank of Lieutenant General. While Cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York he broke the world's discus throw record in 1929 at the Drake Relays.

A veteran of World War II, Jark distinguished himself as Executive officer of Artillery of the 63rd Infantry Division ("Blood and Fire") serving in the European theatre. He remained in the Army following a war and took part in the Korean War as Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations on the General Headquarters of Far East Command in Tokyo, Japan rising to the rank of Brigadier general.

Following the assignments as Major general in the Office of the Secretary of Defense and United States European Command, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and assumed command of the Fourth United States Army at Fort Sam Houston, Texas before retiring in July 1964.

37th Infantry Division (United States)
The 37th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. It was a National Guard division from Ohio, nicknamed the "Buckeye Division". Today, its lineage is continued through the 37th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, with battalions from Ohio, Michigan, and South Carolina.
Battle of Cissa
The Battle of Cissa was part of the Second Punic War. It was fought in the fall of 218 BC, near the town of Tarraco in north-eastern Iberia. A Roman army under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus defeated an outnumbered Carthaginian army under Hanno, thus gaining control of the territory north of the Ebro River that Hannibal had just subdued a few months prior in the summer of 218 BC. This was the first battle that the Romans had ever fought in Iberia.
It allowed the Romans to establish a secure base among friendly Iberian tribes, and due to the eventual success of the Scipio brothers in Spain, Hannibal looked for but never received reinforcements from Spain during the war.

Girona
Girona, also known as Gerona, is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 106,476 in 2024, but the population of the Girona–Salt urban area is estimated to be about 156,400 (2020). Girona is also capital of the comarca of the Gironès and the vegueria of Girona. Since much of the old quarter of this ancient city has been preserved, Girona is a popular tourist destination. The city is located 99 km (62 mi) northeast of Barcelona.
Simcha Zissel Ziv
Simcha Zissel Ziv Broida (Hebrew: שמחה זיסל זיו, Lithuanian: Simča Ziselis Zivas; 1824–1898), also known as Simhah Zissel Ziv or the Alter of Kelm (the Elder of Kelmė), was one of the foremost students of Yisrael Salanter and one of the early leaders of the Musar movement. He is best known as the founder and director of the Kelm Talmud Torah.

Yitzchak Blazer
Yitzchak Blazer (Hebrew: יצחק בלאזר) ‎(1837–1907) was an early important leader of the Musar movement.

He is also sometimes referred to as Rabbi Itzele Peterburger due to his position as Chief Rabbi of St. Petersburg at a time when it was the capital of Russia. he married the mother of the Lomza Rav, Rabbi Moshe Shatskesz when his father was niftar becoming the stepfather of Rabbi Moshe Shatzkes.
Berkenthin
Berkenthin is a municipality in the district of Lauenburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the Elbe-Lübeck Canal, approx. 10 km northwest of Ratzeburg, and 15 km south of Lübeck.

Berkenthin is the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Berkenthin.

Ratzeburg
Ratzeburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁatsəbʊʁk] ⓘ; Low German: Ratzborg) is a town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is surrounded by four lakes—the resulting isthmuses between the lakes form the access lanes to the town. Ratzeburg is the capital of the district Herzogtum Lauenburg.
The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991
The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 is a box set by Bob Dylan issued on Columbia Records. It is the first installment in Dylan's Bootleg Series, comprising material spanning the first three decades of his career, from 1961 to 1989. It has been certified with a gold record by the RIAA as of August 1997, and peaked at No. 49 on the Billboard 200 and No. 32 in the UK.

Legacy Recordings
Legacy Recordings is an American record label that is a division of Sony Music. Formed in 1990 after Sony's acquisition of CBS Records, Legacy originally handled the archives of Sony Music-owned labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. In 2004, under the Sony BMG joint venture, the label began to manage the archives of RCA Records, J Records, Windham Hill Records, Arista, LaFace, Jive, and Buddah Records. Legacy Recordings also distributes Philadelphia International Records and the catalog of recordings produced by Phil Spector. It is not related to the defunct British independent label Legacy Records.