hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New South Wales C set
The C sets are a class of electric multiple units that formerly operated on Sydney's suburban rail network from 1986 up until 2021. Built by A Goninan & Co between 1986 and 1987, they were introduced into service by the State Rail Authority, before later being operated under CityRail and Sydney Trains. A total of 56 carriages were built, with the last sets being withdrawn from service in February 2021, having been gradually replaced by B set trains.

Sydney Trains
Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia.

The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system with a central underground core. It covers 369 km (229 mi) of route length over 919 km (571 mi) of track, with 169 stations on nine lines.

The network has frequencies of 5–10 minutes at peak-time at most inner-city and major stations, and 15 minutes off-peak at most minor stations. During the weekday peak, train services are more frequent. Nearly the entire fleet consists of bilevel electric multiple unit trains.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW and is part of its Opal ticketing system. In 2024–25, 270 million passenger journeys were made on the suburban network, making it the most-used rail network in Australia.
Puerto Rico Highway 187
Puerto Rico Highway 187 (PR-187) is a road that travels from Río Grande, Puerto Rico to Carolina, passing through Loíza. This highway begins at its intersection with PR-3 and PR-66 in Guzmán Abajo and ends at PR-26 in Isla Verde.

PR-187 west in Torrecilla Baja, Loíza

Piñones in Loíza from PR-187

Puerto Rico Highway 66
Puerto Rico Highway 66 (PR-66) is a main tollway which parallels Puerto Rico Highway 3 going from the city of Carolina, Puerto Rico via a 3 loops cloverleaf interchange with PR-26 and PR-3, a major exit in the form of a Trumpet interchange in Canóvanas, Puerto Rico  and ending in the municipality of Río Grande, Puerto Rico with an intersection of PR-3. It is only 19.5 kilometres (12.1 mi) long and has very few exits, which work mainly to minimize traffic in the congested Carolina area of PR-3.

The highway is called the Roberto Sánchez Vilella Expressway, which is also the name given to the much larger PR-2  freeway segment from Hormigueros to Ponce. The second phase of PR-66 from Canóvanas to Río Grande was opened on 1 October 2012.
Hickory Ground
Hickory Ground, also known as Otciapofa (or Odshiapofa, Ocheopofau, and Ocheubofau) is an historic Upper Muscogee Creek tribal town and an archaeological site in Elmore County, Alabama, United States, near Wetumpka.  It is known as Oce Vpofa in the Muscogee language; the name derives from oche-ub 'hickory' and po-fau 'among'. It is best known for serving as the last capital of the National Council of the Creek Nation, prior to the tribe being moved to the Indian Territory in the 1830s.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 10, 1980.

Stomp dance
The stomp dance is performed by various Eastern Woodland tribes and Native American communities in the United States, including the Muscogee, Yuchi, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Delaware, Miami, Caddo, Tuscarora, Ottawa, Quapaw, Peoria, Shawnee, Seminole, Natchez, and Seneca-Cayuga tribes. Stomp dance communities are active in Georgia, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida.
WEC International
WEC International is an interdenominational mission agency of evangelical tradition which focuses on evangelism, discipleship and church planting, through music and the arts, serving addicts and vulnerable children, through Christian education, missionary and church leadership training, medical and development work, Bible translation, literacy and media production, in order to help local Christians share the gospel cross-culturally. WEC emphasises the importance of shared life in a local church as a vital expression of Christian life. WEC prioritises the planting of churches among indigenous people groups and unreached people groups, who have little or no access to the Christian gospel.

Unreached people group
In Christianity, an unreached people group refers to an ethnic group without an indigenous, self-propagating Christian church movement. Any ethnic or ethnolinguistic nation without enough Christians to evangelize the rest of the nation is an "unreached people group". It is a missiological term used by Evangelical Protestants. The Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization defines a people group as

"the largest group within which the gospel can spread as a church planting movement without encountering barriers of understanding or acceptance."

'Nation' is sometimes used interchangeably for "people group". The term is sometimes applied to ethnic groups in which less than 2% of the population is Evangelical Protestant Christian, Including nations where other forms of Christianity are prevalent such as Western Catholicism, Eastern Christianity or Judaism.
1957 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1957 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1957 Big Ten Conference football season. In their second season under head coach Jack Mollenkopf, the Boilermakers compiled a 5–4 record, finished in a tie for fourth place in the Big Ten Conference with a 4–3 record against conference opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 178 to 114.

Notable players included quarterbacks Bob Spoo and Ross Fichtner and tackle Nick Mumley.

Ross Fichtner
Ross William Fichtner (October 26, 1938 – October 14, 2022) was an American professional football former cornerback in the NFL for the Cleveland Browns (1960 to 1967) and New Orleans Saints (1968).  He played college football at Purdue University where he succeeded Len Dawson as the starting quarterback; he twice led the Boilermakers in passing (1957 and 1958) and total offense (1957 and 1958).  He played in the Blue-Gray Game following the 1959 season. He is also the father of Randy Fichtner, who formerly served as the receivers coach, quarterbacks coach, and offensive coordinator for the Pittsburgh Steelers.
Bezold–Jarisch reflex
The Bezold–Jarisch reflex (also called the Bezold reflex, the Jarisch-Bezold reflex or  Von Bezold–Jarisch reflex) involves a variety of cardiovascular and neurological processes which cause hypopnea (excessively shallow breathing or an abnormally low respiratory rate), hypotension (abnormally low blood pressure) and bradycardia (abnormally low resting heart rate) in response to noxious stimuli detected in the cardiac ventricles. The reflex is named after Albert von Bezold and Adolf Jarisch Junior. The significance of the discovery is that it was the first recognition of a chemical (non-mechanical) reflex.

Veratrum
Veratrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melanthiaceae. It occurs in damp habitats across much of temperate and subarctic Europe, Asia, and North America.

Veratrum species are vigorous herbaceous perennials with highly poisonous black rhizomes, and panicles of white or brown flowers on erect stems. In English they are known as false hellebores, false helleborines, and corn lilies. However, Veratrum is not closely related to hellebores, helleborines, maize, or lilies.

Veratrum nigrum flowers, Poland

Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan

Veratrum viride shoot emerging, Quebec, Canada

Veratrum stamineum in the mountains of Japan
Skinnand
Skinnand is a deserted medieval village in the civil parish of Navenby, in the North Kesteven district, in the county of Lincolnshire, England. It was a small farming community situated 9 miles (14 km) south of Lincoln and 11.5 miles (19 km) northwest of Sleaford,  composed of a church and several houses. During the English Civil War of 1642-1646 the church fell into ruins. Today only fields and one deserted farmhouse remain.

Boothby Graffoe
Boothby Graffoe is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 223. It is situated approximately 7 miles (10 km) south from the city and county town of Lincoln, and on the A607 Ermine Street Roman road.

Boothby Graffoe Grade II listed Anglican parish church is dedicated to St Andrew The church was re-built in 1842. According to the parish registers of Wellingore, Boothby Graffoe's original church was destroyed by a T8-9 tornado (the strongest ever recorded in England) in 1666.

To the west of the village lies the earthwork remains of Somerton Castle.
Refugees of the Philippines
Filipino refugees are persons originating from the country of the Philippines. Following the Moro conflict and subsequent major military operation in the islands of Mindanao during the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos in the 1970s. Thousands of Filipinos, mainly of Moro ancestry, have sought refuge in the neighbouring countries of Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei, with the majority of them mostly heading to the state of Sabah in Malaysia.

Filipinos in Malaysia
The Filipino Malaysians consists of people of full or partial Filipino descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. Filipinos in Malaysia comprise migrants and residents from the Philippines and their descendants living in Malaysia. Because of the short distance between the two nations, many Filipinos mainly from Mindanao have migrated to the Malaysian state of Sabah to escape from the conflict, poverty and in search for better lives. About 325,089 Filipinos live in Malaysia. Many of them are illegal residents while there are a smaller number of migrant workers and fewer permanent residents.
Haidong
36°28′24″N 102°24′38″E﻿ / ﻿36.4734°N 102.4106°E﻿ / 36.4734; 102.4106

Haidong (Chinese: 海东市; pinyin: Hǎidōng shì) is a prefecture-level city of Qinghai province in Western China. Its name literally means "east of the (Qinghai) Lake." On 8 February 2013 Haidong was upgraded from a prefecture (海东地区) into a prefecture-level city. Haidong is the third most populous administrative division in Qinghai after Xining and Golmud.

Haidong was historically populated by the Qiang people, although the area has been inhabited as early as 6000 years ago. In 121 BC the area was captured by Huo Qubing, defeating the Xiongnu. In 399 AD the Xianbei founded the state of Nanliang, with its capital in Ledu District.

Qinghai Lake
Qinghai Lake   is the largest lake in China. Located in an endorheic basin in Qinghai Province, to which it gave its name, Qinghai Lake is classified as an alkaline salt lake. The lake has fluctuated in size, shrinking over much of the 20th century but increasing since 2004. It had a surface area of 4,317 km2 (1,667 sq mi), an average depth of 21 m (69 ft), and a maximum depth of 25.5 m (84 ft) in 2008.
Vincenzo Miserendino
Vincenzo "Vincent" Miserendino (January 29, 1875 – December 26, 1943) was an Italian-American artist and sculptor born in Sicily and active in New York City during the first half of the 20th century. He studied art first in Palermo at the age of 13 and then in Rome at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma (Academy of Fine Arts at Rome). He immigrated to the United States in 1894 at the age of nineteen, and settled on the lower east side of Manhattan, working in many odd jobs while trying to establish himself as an artist.

Currently his sculptures can be found throughout the United States and many are catalogued in the Smithsonian Institution's Research Information Service.

L. M. Shaw
Leslie Mortier Shaw (November 2, 1848 – March 28, 1932) was an American businessman, lawyer, and politician. He served as the 17th Governor of Iowa and was a Republican candidate in the 1908 United States presidential election. He was Secretary of the Treasury from 1902 to 1907.
Javac
javac (pronounced "java-see") is the primary Java compiler included in the Java Development Kit (JDK) from Oracle Corporation. Martin Odersky implemented the GJ compiler, and his implementation became the basis for javac.

The compiler accepts source code conforming to the Java language specification (JLS) and produces Java bytecode conforming to the Java Virtual Machine Specification (JVMS).

javac is itself written in Java. The compiler can also be invoked programmatically.

GNU Compiler for Java
The GNU Compiler for Java (GCJ) is a discontinued free compiler for the Java programming language.  It was part of the GNU Compiler Collection.

GCJ compiles Java source code to Java virtual machine (JVM) bytecode or to machine code for a number of CPU architectures. It could also compile class files and whole JARs that contain bytecode into machine code.
Hunghom Bay Centre
Hunghom Bay Centre (Chinese: 紅磡灣中心) is a private housing estate in Baker Street, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, near Whampoa Garden. It consists of 11 residential towers with a total of 814 residential units, which were developed by Hutchison Whampoa and completed in 1978. It approached Hung Hom Bay and old Hung Hom Ferry Pier until Hung Hom Bay was reclaimed in 1990s.

Hunghom Bay Centre received an Honorable Mention at the 1980 Hong Kong Institute of Architects Annual Awards.

Hung Hom Bay
Hung Hom Bay was a bay in Victoria Harbour, between Tsim Sha Tsui and Hung Hom in the southeast of Kowloon Peninsula, Hong Kong.

Since 1994, parts of the bay were reclaimed, and by 2019 it had been completely extinguished. All of present-day Tsim Sha Tsui East and Hung Hom station on the MTR as well as the Hung Hom Ferry Pier are on land reclaimed from the bay. The reclamation also buried several rocks, including Rumsey Rock. The bay once came inland as far as the present-day interchange of the West Kowloon Corridor and the Hung Hom Bypass.
Landon Mackenzie
Landon Mackenzie RCA (born 1954) is a Canadian artist based in Vancouver, Canada. She is known for her large-format paintings and her contribution as a professor at the Emily Carr University of Art and Design where she continues as Professor Emeritus).

NSCAD University
NSCAD University, also known as the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design (NSCAD), is a public art university in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The university is a co-educational institution that offers bachelor's and master's degrees. The university also provides continuing education services through its School of Extended Studies.

The institution was founded by Anna Leonowens in 1887 as the Victoria School of Art and Design. The school was later renamed the Nova Scotia College of Art in 1925. In 1969, the institution was renamed the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design and began to offer undergraduate degrees, becoming the first degree-granting art school in the country. The institution adopted its current name in 2003.
Fundamental unit (number theory)
In algebraic number theory, a fundamental unit is a generator (modulo the roots of unity) for the unit group of the ring of integers of a number field, when that group has rank 1 (i.e. when the unit group modulo its torsion subgroup is infinite cyclic). Dirichlet's unit theorem shows that the unit group has rank 1 exactly when the number field is a real quadratic field, a complex cubic field, or a totally imaginary quartic field. When the unit group has rank ≥ 1, a basis of it modulo its torsion is called a fundamental system of units. Some authors use the term fundamental unit to mean any element of a fundamental system of units, not restricting to the case of rank 1 (e.g. Neukirch 1999, p. 42).

Totally imaginary number field
In algebraic number theory, a number field is called totally imaginary (or totally complex) if it cannot be embedded in the real numbers. Specific examples include imaginary quadratic fields, cyclotomic fields, and, more generally, CM fields.

Any number field that is Galois over the rationals must be either totally real or totally imaginary.
Aviation psychology
Aviation psychology, also known as aerospace psychology, is a branch of psychology that studies psychological aspects of aviation, increasing efficiency  improving selection of applicants for occupations, identification of psychological causes of aircraft accidents, and application of cognitive psychology to understand human behaviors, actions, cognitive and emotional processes in aviation, and interaction between employees. Aviation psychology originated at the beginning of the 1920s with the development of aviation medicine and work psychology in the USSR. Human separation from earth leads to a drastic change in spatial orientation; accelerations, drops in barometric pressure, changes in atmospheric composition, can have a substantial effect on the nervous system, and requires uninterrupted concentration and rapid decisions. Currently, research in aviation psychology develops within the framework of engineering psychology.

Aviation medicine
Aviation medicine, also called flight medicine or aerospace medicine, is a preventive or occupational medicine in which the patients/subjects are pilots, aircrews, or astronauts. The specialty strives to treat or prevent conditions to which aircrews are particularly susceptible, applies medical knowledge to the human factors in aviation and is thus a critical component of aviation safety.  A military practitioner of aviation medicine may be called a flight surgeon and a civilian practitioner is an aviation medical examiner. One of the biggest differences between the military and civilian flight doctors is the military flight surgeon's requirement to log flight hours.
Jasmine Crockett
Jasmine Felicia Crockett (born March 29, 1981) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Texas's 30th congressional district since 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she represented the 100th district in the Texas House of Representatives from 2021 to 2023.

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Crockett graduated from Rhodes College with a Bachelor of Arts in business administration and later graduated from the University of Houston Law Center with a Juris Doctor. Afterward, she was a public defender in Bowie County, Texas for three years, and later worked as a personal injury lawyer. She was elected to the Texas House in 2020, succeeding Mayor Eric Johnson. In 2022, Crockett was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, representing a majority-minority district based in Dallas.

Crockett is a candidate for U.S. Senate in Texas for 2026.

Public defender
A public defender is a lawyer appointed to represent people who otherwise cannot reasonably afford to hire a lawyer to defend themselves in a trial. Several countries provide people with public defenders, including the UK, Belgium, Hungary and Singapore, and some states of Australia. Brazil is the only country in which an office of government-paid lawyers with the specific purpose of providing full legal assistance and representation to the needy free of charge is established in the constitution. The Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, as interpreted by the Supreme Court, requires the US government to provide legal counsel to indigent defendants in criminal cases. Public defenders in the United States are lawyers employed by or under contract with county, state or federal governments.
Schubert (Mercurian crater)
Schubert is a crater on Mercury. It was named after Franz Schubert, a famous Austrian composer, by the IAU in 1976.

Schubert has been filled in by smooth plains material.

Nearby craters include Wergeland to the north, Nampeyo to the northeast, and Bramante to the southwest.

MESSENGER mosaic with Schubert at lower right and Chekhov at upper left.

Oblique MESSENGER image

Bramante (crater)
Bramante is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 156 kilometers. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1976. Bramante is named for the Italian architect Donato Bramante, who lived from 1444 to 1514.

A single bright patch of hollows is present in the northwestern part of the crater.

Mariner 10 image with Bramante at bottom

View from MESSENGER's second flyby in October 2008, with Bramante near center

Closeup of northern Bramante with hollows at left
Júlia Bergmann
Júlia Isabelle Bergmann ( Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈʒuliɐ izaˈbɛli beʁɡˈmɐ̃n], German pronunciation: [ˈjuːli̯a ʔizaˈbɛlə ˈbɛʁkman]; born February 21, 2001) is a German-born Brazilian volleyball player who plays as an outside hitter for the Brazil women's national volleyball team since 2019. She is the sister of Brazil men's national volleyball team player, Lukas Bergmann.

2019 FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League
The 2019 FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League was the second edition of the FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League, an annual international women's volleyball tournament contested by 16 national teams. It was held between May and July 2019, and for the second time, the final round took place again at the Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre in Nanjing, China.

United States won their second title in the competition, defeating Brazil in the final. China defeated Turkey in the third place match. Andrea Drews elected the MVP of the tournament.

Following the results of the 2018 Nations League and 2018 Challenger Cup, Argentina was replaced by debutants Bulgaria in this edition. Accordingly, following the results of this edition of the Nations League and the 2019 Challenger Cup, Bulgaria was replaced by newcomers Canada in the 2021 edition.
CSP UM Timișoara
Clubul Sportiv Profesionist UM Timișoara, commonly known as UM Timișoara or simply UMT, was a Romanian professional football team from Timișoara, Timiș County, founded in 1960 and dissolved in 2008. Although it did not achieve major success during its existence, UMT managed to compete for one season in the Romanian top flight.

Liga IV Timiș
Liga IV Timiș is the county football division of Liga IV for clubs based in Timiș County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Timiș – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Timiș, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.
Roy Fey
Roy Fey (October 12, 1915 – November 13, 2000) was an American real estate developer active in Palm Springs, California during the mid-20th century. Originally from Chicago, he transitioned from accounting and manufacturing into homebuilding before relocating to Palm Springs in 1955. There, he established a real estate and construction business and was involved in the development of several residential communities, including early examples of condominium housing in the region. Fey collaborated with architects such as Charles Du Bois, Donald Wexler, Hugh M. Kaptur, Richard A. Harrison, and William Krisel.

Richard Arnett Harrison
Richard Arnett Harrison, AIA, (June 5, 1924 – December 28, 1995) was an American architect best known for his contributions to mid-century modern architecture in Southern California. Based in Palm Springs, Harrison partnered with Donald Wexler in the 1950s–60s to form the firm Wexler & Harrison, which designed numerous homes, schools, and civic buildings exemplifying the Desert Modernism style. Notable projects by Harrison include the Palm Springs Spa Hotel (1958), the Steel Development Houses (1962), and Royal Hawaiian Estates condominiums (1960). He later designed Seven Lakes Country Club, a residential community in Palm Springs. In 2015, Harrison was posthumously honored with a star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars.