hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1956 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 1956 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Minnesota in the 1956 Big Ten Conference football season. In their third year under head coach Murray Warmath, the Golden Gophers compiled a 6–1–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 127 to 87. The team finished 12th in the final AP poll and ninth in the final Coaches Poll.

Quarterback Bobby Cox received the team's Most Valuable Player award. Tackle Bob Hobert was selected by the Football Writers Association of America (for Look magazine) as a first-team player on the 1956 College Football All-America Team. Hobert was also named All-Big Ten first team, Academic All-American and Academic All-Big Ten. Offensive lineman Perry Gehring was named Academic All-Big Ten.

Total attendance for the season was 372,654, which averaged to 62,109. The season high for attendance was against rival Iowa.

1956 All-America college football team
The 1956 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1956. The seven selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1956 season are (1) the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA), (2) the Associated Press (AP), (3) the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA), (4) the International News Service (INS), (5) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), (6) the Sporting News (SN), and (8) the United Press (UP).
Ministry of Railways (India)
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The Indian Railways is the rail network operated and administered by the Railway Board constituted by the ministry. The ministry along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi. It is headed by the Minister of Railways. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is one of the world's largest employers.

Union Council of Ministers
The Union Council of Ministers is the principal executive organ of the Government of India, which serves to aid and advise the President of India in execution of their functions. It is chaired by the Prime Minister of India and consists of the heads of each of the executive government ministries. Currently, the council is headed by Narendra Modi and consists of 71 fellow members. The council is answerable to the Lok Sabha.

A smaller executive body called the Union Cabinet is the supreme decision-making body in India; it is a subset of the Union Council of Ministers who hold important portfolios and ministries of the government.
Iwao and Hanaye Matsushita
Iwao and Hanaye Matsushita were a young Japanese American couple who were interned apart during the Internment of Japanese Americans during the 1940s. The couple are famous for writing hundreds of letters back and forth throughout the duration of the war. The story of the two lovers is a poignant reflection of the Japanese experience during World War II. Their forced separation by Executive Order 9066 reveals a correspondence that has allowed historians to understand the daily routines and feelings of those imprisoned. Their circumstances are a significant resource to academics studying Japanese-American history.

Minidoka National Historic Site
Minidoka National Historic Site is a National Historic Site in the western United States. It commemorates the more than 13,000 Japanese Americans who were imprisoned at the Minidoka War Relocation Center during the Second World War. Among the inmates, the notation 峰土香 or 峯土香 (Minedoka) was sometimes applied.

Located in the Magic Valley of south central Idaho in Hunt, of Jerome County the site is in the Snake River Plain, a remote high desert area north east of the Snake River. It is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Twin Falls and just north west of Eden, in an area known as Hunt. The site is administered by the National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior, and was originally established as the Minidoka Internment National Monument in 2001. Its elevation is just under 4,000 feet (1,220 m) above sea level.
Chauburji (Agra)
Chauburji (literally "Four Towers") is a building located in Agra, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Dating back to the Mughal period, the actual purpose of the building and its date of construction are debated by scholars.

It is set within a garden on the banks of the Yamuna river, and a small mosque is situated to its west. The building has a square plan, with towers on each of its four corners. Its interior is divided into nine interconnected chambers. It is listed as a monument of national importance.

Ram Nath
Ram Nath (R. Nath, born 9 March 1933) is an Indian historian who specializes in Mughal architecture. He obtained a doctorate from the Agra University, and later taught at the University of Rajasthan. He is regarded as one of India's leading art historians.
After Words
After Words is an American television series on the C-SPAN2 network's weekend programming schedule known as Book TV. The program is an hour-long talk show, each week featuring an interview with the author of a new nonfiction book. The program has no regular host. Instead, each author is paired with a guest host who is familiar with the author or the subject matter of their book.

The program airs on Saturday at 10 p.m. Eastern Time, with encores on Sunday at 12 p.m. and at 9 p.m., and Monday at 12 a.m.

Book TV
Book TV is the name given to weekend programming on the American cable network C-SPAN2, which airs from 8 a.m. Eastern Time Sunday morning to 8 a.m. Eastern Time Monday morning each week. The 24-hour block of programming is focused on non-fiction books and authors, featuring programs in the format of interviews with authors as well as live coverage of book events from around the country. Book TV debuted on C-SPAN2 on September 12, 1998.

While the primary mission of C-SPAN2 is live coverage of the United States Senate, Book TV programs are sometimes also scheduled to air during the week when the Senate is not in session.
Central Institute of Technology
Central Institute of Technology was a Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institution based in Perth, Western Australia until 2016, at which point it became a part of North Metropolitan TAFE. It was the equal oldest post-secondary educational institution in Western Australia and the largest TAFE institution in Perth.

Historically it was also known by the names of Perth Technical College, Central Metropolitan College of TAFE (CMC) and Central TAFE. On 11 April 2016, following a reform of all TAFE colleges in Western Australia, Central Institute of Technology amalgamated with West Coast Institute of Training into North Metropolitan TAFE.

Old Perth Technical School
The 1910 Perth Technical School building is located at 137 St Georges Terrace, Perth, Western Australia, adjacent to the Old Perth Boys School building, which had served as part of the school's former temporary premises since opening of classes there on 16 May 1900.: 3

A restrained and incomplete example of the Federation Free Medieval architectural style, designed by government architect Hillson Beasley, this is one of the few examples of the style surviving in central Perth.
Centropodia
Centropodia is a genus of Asian and African plants in the grass family.

Species:

Centropodia forsskalii (Vahl) Cope – Sahara, Middle East, Central Asia

Centropodia fragilis (Guinet & Sauvage) Cope – Sahara, Sinai, Arabian Peninsula

Centropodia glauca (Nees) Cope – Kenya, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa

Centropodia mossamedensis (Rendle) Cope – Angola, Namibia

Centropodia glauca
Centropodia glauca, also known as  ghagras or ikagras is a species of grass native to Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Cape Provinces and Northern Provinces), and Kenya. The occurrence of this grass is proof of well-preserved sandveld. The grass is very hardy and can thrive in dry veld. It is a perennial pole grass that usually grows between 200–850mm but can grow up to 1m tall. The flowering period is between September and May. Because ghagras have few leaves and the stalks are almost always green, it is resistant to fire.

It grows mainly in deep sandy soil, particularly in duneveld; also grows in gravelly soil. It is eaten by game, especially oryx.

It was first described by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, and given its current name by Thomas Arthur Cope.
Greetham with Somersby
Greetham with Somersby is a civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-east from the market town of Horncastle.

The parish comprises the villages of Greetham, Somersby, Ashby Puerorum, Bag Enderby and the  hamlet of Holbeck.

Greetham with Somersby is crossed by no major roads, although the A158 Lincoln to Skegness road forms part of the southern parish boundary. The summits of Millam's Hill and Melbourne's Hill – at 260 feet (79 m) and 262 feet (80 m) – are the highest points in a parish generally between 165 feet (50 m) and 260 feet above sea level. Two small streams flow eastward into the River Lymn which flows south-eastwards through the east of the parish.

The 2001 Census recorded a Greetham with Somersby population of 161, including Ashby Puerorum and increasing to 167 at the 2011 Census.

Community politics is in the hand of a Parish meeting.

A158 road
The A158 road is a major route that heads from Lincoln in the west to Skegness on the east coast. The road is located entirely in the county of Lincolnshire and is single carriageway for almost its entirety. The road is approximately 40 miles (64 km) long. The road gets quite congested with holiday traffic during the summer.
Clinton Historical Society (Clinton, New York)
The Clinton Historical Society, in Clinton, Oneida County, New York, is a historical society housed in a historic building.  The restored building, built in 1832, is also known as Old Baptist Church of Clinton, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The historical society focuses on the Village of Clinton and surrounding area. Its name is also used for the historic church building in which the society is headquartered.  The building is listed on the National Register as a contributing building in the Clinton Village Historic District. The society's building once had a conical steeple as it appears in a c.1900-1910 photo.

The society is supported by Hamilton College, including the printing of four newsletters per year.

Hamilton College
Hamilton College is a private liberal arts college in Kirkland, New York, with a Clinton postal address. It was established as the Hamilton-Oneida Academy in 1793 and received its charter as Hamilton College in 1812, in honor of Alexander Hamilton, one of its inaugural trustees, following a proposal made after his death in 1804. Since 1978, Hamilton has been a coeducational institution, having merged with its sister school, Kirkland College.

Hamilton enrolled approximately 2,000 undergraduate students as of the fall of 2021. The curriculum offers 57 areas of study, including 44 majors, as well as the option to design interdisciplinary concentrations. The student body consists of 53% female and 47% male students, representing 45 U.S. states and 46 countries. The acceptance rate for the class of 2026 was 11.8%. Hamilton's athletic teams participate in the New England Small College Athletic Conference.
Anarchist synthesis
The anarchist synthesis, also known simply as the synthesis or by its earlier name united anarchism, is an organisational principle that seeks unity in diversity, aiming to bring together anarchists of different tendencies into a single federation. Developed mainly by the Russian anarchist Volin and the French anarchist Sébastien Faure, the anarchist synthesis was designed to appeal to communists, syndicalists and individualists alike. According to the synthesis, an anarchist federation ought to be heterogeneous and relatively loosely organised, in order to preserve the individual autonomy of its members.

Italian Anarchist Federation
The Italian Anarchist Federation (Italian: Federazione Anarchica Italiana) is an Italian political organization composed of autonomous anarchist groups operating all over Italy. It is a member of the International of Anarchist Federations since the latter's establishment in 1968.

Founded in 1945 in Carrara, the FAI took it upon itself to carry on the legacy of the defunct Italian Anarchist Communist Union, suppressed in 1926 by the fascist regime, and of Italian anarchist Errico Malatesta. It is the current publisher of Umanità Nova, an anarchist newspaper originally founded by Malatesta.
Hajjiabad, Farsan
Hajjiabad (Persian: حاجي اباد, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād) is a village in Mizdej-e Olya Rural District, in the Central District of Farsan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 82, in 13 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Mizdej-e Olya Rural District
Mizdej-e Olya Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميزدج عليا) is in the Central District of Farsan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Gujan. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Babaheydar.
Ajigawa stable (2022)
Ajigawa stable (安治川部屋, Ajigawa-beya) is a stable of sumo wrestlers, part of the Isegahama ichimon, or group of stables. It was formed by former sekiwake Aminishiki in December 2022 after he became independent from Isegahama stable. The stable's independence was formalized by an opening event for new stable supporters which was organized later that same month. As of March 2025, the stable has 7 wrestlers.

At first, the stable was temporarily hosted in the Senda District pending construction of a new building in the Kōtō ward of Tokyo. The new building was inaugurated on 16 June 2023 in the presence of tate-gyōji Shikimori Inosuke and masters Isegahama and Asakayama. It was also announced that a presentation ceremony for local residents would be held on 18 June.

Isegahama stable (2007)
Isegahama stable (伊勢ヶ濱部屋, Isegahama-beya), formerly known as Ajigawa stable from 1979 to 2007, is a stable of sumo wrestlers, part of the Isegahama ichimon or group of stables. Its current head coach is former yokozuna Terunofuji.

Following the transfer of Miyagino stable's wrestlers and staff in March 2024, the stable's numbers climbed to become the most populous stable in the sport. As of May 2025, the stable had 37 wrestlers.
Sadaung, Natogyi Township
Sadaung is a small town in eastern Myingyan District in the center of the Mandalay Region in Burma (Mandalay).  It is located just south of Route 2, south-west of Pyinzi and  eastsouth-east of Natogyi.

Pyinzi
Pyinzi is a town in eastern  Myingyan District in the center of the Mandalay Region in Myanmar.  It is located at the crossroads where Route 2 goes west to Natogyi, Route 2 goes east to Myittha, and a secondary highway goes south to Kokkosu and Pindale.
Galesburg Historic District
The Galesburg Historic District is a 496-acre (201 ha) historic district in Galesburg, Illinois. The district includes 1049 contributing buildings and contains the town's original plat as well as several older neighborhoods. The section of the district south of North Street encompasses Galesburg's historic city center and its most significant landmarks, such as the Knox County Courthouse, the Knox County Jail, the Burlington Depot (which has since been torn down), and Main Street's commercial buildings. Knox College, the school Galesburg was founded to serve, and its historic Old Main are also located in the southern half of the district. The area north of North Street is mainly residential and is dominated by Queen Anne and Classical Revival houses, including many transitional houses displaying elements of both styles.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 21, 1976.

Old Main, Knox College
Old Main is the oldest building on the campus of Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois.  Completed in 1857, it is a distinctive Gothic Tudor design of Swedish architect Charles Ulricson.  It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961 as one of the few surviving sites to host one of the famous 1858 Lincoln–Douglas debates.  The building underwent a major restoration in the 1930s, which modernized its interior and restored its exterior.
Obcell
Obcells are hypothetical proto-organisms or the earliest form of life. The term was first proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2001. According to Cavalier-Smith's theory for the origin of the first cell, two cup-shaped obcells or hemicells fused to make a protocell with double-lipid layer envelope, internal genome and ribosomes, protocytosol, and periplasm.

Polyphosphate
A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters ADP and ATP are involved in energy storage. A variety of polyphosphates find application in mineral sequestration in municipal waters, generally being present at 1 to 5 ppm. GTP, CTP, and UTP are also nucleotides important in the protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, respectively.

Polyphosphates are also used as food additives, marked E452.
Brian A. Skiff
Brian A. Skiff is an American astronomer noted for discovering numerous asteroids and a number of comets including the periodic comets 114P/Wiseman–Skiff (with Jennifer Wiseman) and 140P/Bowell–Skiff (with Edward Bowell). He is also known for his photometry work on Sun-like stars and on the rotational light curves of asteroids.

Edward L. G. Bowell
Edward L. G. Bowell (1943 – August 21, 2023), was an American astronomer. Bowell was educated at Emanuel School London, University College, London, and the University of Paris.

He was principal investigator of the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search (LONEOS). He has discovered a large number of asteroids, both as part of LONEOS and in his own right before LONEOS began. Among the latter are the Jovian asteroids 2357 Phereclos, 2759 Idomeneus, 2797 Teucer, 2920 Automedon, 3564 Talthybius, 4057 Demophon, and 4489 Dracius. He also co-discovered the periodic comet 140P/Bowell-Skiff and the non-periodic comet C/1980 E1.

The outer main-belt asteroid 2246 Bowell was named in his honor. The official naming citation was published on 1 January 1981 (M.P.C. 5688).

Bowell died on August 21, 2023 in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Mojsije Putnik
Mojsije Putnik (Serbian Cyrillic: Мојсије Путник, pronounced [mǒːjsije pûtniːk]) (1728–1790) was the Metropolitan of Sremski Karlovci between 1781 and 1790, during the reign of Joseph II. He was known for publishing the Toleranzpatent (tolerance patent) meant to ensure equal rights for the Serbian Orthodox Church and the Catholic church in Sremski Karlovci.

Metropolitanate of Karlovci
The Metropolitanate of Karlovci (Serbian: Карловачка митрополија, romanized: Karlovačka mitropolija) was a metropolitanate of the Eastern Orthodox Church that existed in the Habsburg monarchy between 1708 and 1848. Between 1708 and 1713, it was known as the Metropolitanate of Krušedol, and between 1713 and 1848, as the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. In 1848, it was elevated to the Patriarchate of Karlovci, which existed until 1920, when it was merged with the Metropolitanate of Belgrade and other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions in the newly established  Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to form the Serbian Orthodox Church.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 671
United Nations Security Council resolution 671, adopted unanimously on 27 September 1990, after recalling resolutions 598 (1987), 619 (1988), 631 (1989), 642 (1989) and 651 (1990), and having considered a report by the Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar on the United Nations Iran–Iraq Military Observer Group, the Council decided:

(a) to renew the mandate of the United Nations Iran–Iraq Military Observer Group for another two months until 30 November 1990;

(b) to request the Secretary-General, after discussions with both parties, to report on the future of the Observer Group with his recommendations during November.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 598
United Nations Security Council resolution 598 S/RES/0598 (1987), (UNSC resolution 598) adopted unanimously on 20 July 1987, after recalling Resolution 582 and 588, called for an immediate ceasefire between Iran and Iraq and the repatriation of prisoners of war, and for both sides to withdraw to the international border. The resolution requested Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar to dispatch a team of observers to monitor the ceasefire while a permanent settlement was reached to end the conflict.

Iraq quickly accepted the resolution, but Iran refused to accept its terms until nearly a year after its adoption. Famously, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini felt that accepting the resolution was "more deadly than drinking from a poisoned chalice". The resolution finally became effective on 8 August 1988, ending all combat operations between the two countries and the Iran–Iraq War.
International sanctions against Syria
International sanctions against Syria were a series of economic sanctions and restrictions imposed on the Syrian Arab Republic under Bashar al-Assad's rule from 2011 onwards by the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Switzerland, and the Arab League, mainly as a result of the repression of civilians in the Syrian civil war. The US sanctions against Syria were the most severe, as they affected third-parties as well, and amounted to an embargo. The intent was to prevent the Syrian government from employing violence against its citizens and to motivate political reforms that could solve the root causes of the conflict.

In May 2025, US President Donald Trump and the European Union ordered the lifting of sanctions on Syria following the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024. In December 2025, US sanctions were permanently lifted with the repeal of the Caesar Act.

Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud
Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah bin Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud (Arabic: فيصل بن فرحان آل سعود, DMG Faiṣal b. Farḥān Āl Saʿūd; born 1 November 1974) is a Saudi Arabian diplomat and politician who has been serving as the foreign minister of Saudi Arabia since 2019. Prince Faisal has also served as the Saudi ambassador to Germany from 27 March 2019 until his appointment as foreign minister by a royal decree issued by King Salman. Prince Faisal was born in Frankfurt, West Germany and spent a part of his childhood and young adulthood in that country, which is why he speaks fluent German according to German news media.
Christian support of Donald Trump
Donald Trump, the 45th and 47th president of the United States, has strong support among white evangelical Christians, particularly among those who do not attend church regularly. Trump also maintains strong support with Christian nationalists, and his rallies take on the symbols, rhetoric and agenda of Christian nationalism. Trump described his 2024 presidential campaign as a "righteous crusade" against "atheists,  globalists and the Marxists".

Peter Wehner
Peter Hermann Wehner (born February 10, 1961) is an American writer and former speechwriter for the administrations of three Republican U.S. presidents. He is a senior fellow at the Trinity Forum.

Wehner is a contributing opinion writer for The New York Times, a contributing editor at The Atlantic, and the author of The Death of Politics.