hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polish People's Party (1945–1949)
The Polish People's Party (Polish Peasant Party, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe – PSL) existed in post-World War II Poland from 1945 to 1949. In a period of increasing solidification of communist power in Poland but with the political system retaining some formal adherence to multiparty democracy principles, the PSL was a broadly left-wing non-communist party that was not allied with the communists. The PSL was defeated by the communist-based bloc in the rigged legislative elections of 1947.

National Armed Forces
National Armed Forces (Polish: Narodowe Siły Zbrojne; NSZ) was a Polish right-wing underground military organization of the National Democracy operating from 1942. During World War II, NSZ troops fought against Nazi Germany and communist partisans. There were also cases of fights with the Home Army.

At the end of the war, some units and structures of this organization cooperated with the Nazis and Gestapo (as in the case of the Holy Cross Mountains Brigade and Hubert Jura) and committed crimes motivated by antisemitism.

Most NSZ units did not submit to the Polish government-in-exile and conducted fratricidal fights with other Polish partisan units. From 1944 to 1946, the NSZ fought as part of the anti-communist resistance, including after the postwar Polish People's Republic was established.
Bankruptcy problem
A bankruptcy problem, also called a claims problem, is a problem of distributing a homogeneous divisible good (such as money) among people with different claims. The focus is on the case where the amount is insufficient to satisfy all the claims.

The canonical application is a bankrupt firm that is to be liquidated. The firm owes different amounts of money to different creditors, but the total worth of the company's assets is smaller than its total debt. The problem is how to divide the scarce existing money among the creditors.

Another application would be the division of an estate amongst several heirs, particularly when the estate cannot meet all the deceased's commitments.

A third application is tax assessment. One can consider the claimants as taxpayers, the claims as the incomes, and the endowment as the total after-tax income. Determining the allocation of total after-tax income is equivalent to determining the allocation of tax payments.

Fair division of a single homogeneous resource
Fair division of a single homogeneous resource is one of the simplest settings in fair division problems. There is a single resource that should be divided between several people. The challenge is that each person derives a different utility from each amount of the resource. Hence, there are several conflicting principles for deciding how the resource should be divided. A primary conflict is between efficiency and equality. Efficiency is represented by the utilitarian rule, which maximizes the sum of utilities; equality is represented by the egalitarian rule, which maximizes the minimum utility.: sub.2.5
Arlene B. Mayerson
Arlene B. Mayerson is an American civil rights attorney focused on disability rights. She is the Directing Attorney of Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund (DREDF), a position she has held since 1981. She has provided representation, consultation to counsel, and coordination of amicus briefs on key disability rights cases before all levels of federal court, including the U.S. Supreme Court. She was appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Education to the Civil Rights Reviewing Authority, responsible for reviewing civil rights decisions of the Department.

Mayerson has been called upon to give testimony to several committees of Congress on both the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). Scholar Lennard J. Davis noted Mayerson's contributions as the "brains behind the Americans with Disabilities Act."

Bragdon v. Abbott
Bragdon v. Abbott, 524 U.S. 624 (1998), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that reproduction does qualify as a major life activity according to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA).
Évence Coppée Trophy
The Évence Coppée Trophy (French: Trophée Évence Coppée) was a one-off competition comprising a single association football match in 1904 between Belgium and France. Held at the Stade du Vivier d'Oie in Uccle, Belgium, the match ended in a 3–3 draw.

The trophy was named after Évence Coppée, the Belgian patron who organised the match to promote Franco-Belgian friendship. Because the game ended in a tie, the trophy itself was not awarded.

Louis Mesnier
Louis Mesnier (15 December 1884 – 8 October 1921) was a French international footballer. He is primarily known for scoring the first international goal for France, which he accomplished in the team's first-ever match against Belgium in 1904. Mesnier finished his international career with 14 appearances and six goals. He also captained the team on four occasions. Domestically, Mesnier played for CA Paris and FC Paris. With Cercle Athlétique, he won the Coupe de France in 1920.
Haradzishcha, Baranavichy district
Haradzishcha (Belarusian: Гарадзішча, romanized: Haradzišča; Russian: Городище, romanized: Gorodishche) is an urban-type settlement in Baranavichy District, Brest Region, in west-central Belarus. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Baranavichy. As of 2025, it has a population of 1,660.

Baranavichy district
Baranavichy district or Baranavičy district (Belarusian: Баранавіцкі раён; Russian: Барановичский район) is a district (raion) of Brest region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Baranavichy, which is administratively separated from the district. As of 2024, it has a population of 27,287.
Archdeacon of Ross, Ireland
The Archdeacon of Dean was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Ross until 1835; and then within the Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross until 1972 when it merged with the Archdeaconry of Cork. As such he was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the Ross Diocese.

Details are sketchy until we get to Meredith Hanmer, the first incumbent of whom we have a full biography, to the last discrete holder Dominick Patrick Sarsfield Wilson. In between William Fitzgerald, Percy Jocelyn and William Bissett went on to be bishops.

Percy Jocelyn
The Rt Rev. and Hon. Percy Jocelyn (29 November 1764 – 3 September 1843) was Anglican Bishop of Clogher in the Church of Ireland from 1820 to 1822. He was forced from his position due to being caught in homosexual practices, which had been outlawed under the Buggery Act 1533.
Ayn Qadib
Ayn Qadib (Arabic: عين قضيب; also spelled Ein Qadib) is a Syrian village in the al-Qadmus Subdistrict of the Baniyas District in Tartous Governorate. It is situated between Masyaf to the east and Kaf al-Jaa to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ayn Qadib had a population of 630 in the 2004 census.

Kaff al-Jaa
Kaff al-Jaa (Arabic: كاف الجاع, pronounced Kāf al Jā`; also spelled Kaf al-Jaz and Caaf Aljaa) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Tartus Governorate. Nearby localities include al-Qadmus to the west, Deir Mama to the northeast, Masyaf to the east, Wadi al-Oyun to the south and Hammam Wasel to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Kaff al-Jaa had a population of 2,068 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

The area is surrounded by mountains. The highest mountain of Kaff al-Jaa is the Alcaadboon, with a height of 1,194 meters.
Officer Training Unit, Scheyville
The Officer Training Unit, Scheyville (OTU Scheyville, pronounced Skyville) was a military training establishment for officers of the Australian Army. Located in the area of Scheyville in the Hawkesbury region of Sydney, Australia, the establishment was opened in April 1965 to train officer cadets who had been called up for service under the national service scheme and offered a short but rigorous commissioning course for trainees, tailored to meet the Army's need to increase the number of junior officers being produced in order to meet commitments to train national servicemen, and to provide platoon commanders for units serving overseas in Vietnam and other parts of Southeast Asia. It was closed in 1974 after the national service scheme was abolished in December 1972 and the last OCS Portsea class finished their time at Scheyville.

City of Hawkesbury
The City of Hawkesbury is a local government area that is located on the far northwest fringe of the Greater Sydney area in New South Wales, Australia. The local government area is located in the Hawkesbury and Blue Mountains regions. Hawkesbury City is named after the Hawkesbury River. Major towns in the City of Hawkesbury are Windsor and Richmond. It is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.

The mayor of the City of Hawkesbury is Cr. Les Sheather, an independent.
Rupakot, Tanahu
Rupakot  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in Gandaki Province of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4765 people living in 937 individual households. The VDC has been merged with existing Bhanu village development committees(VDCs), Barbhanjyang village development committees (VDCs) Tanahunsur Village Development Committee, Purkot VDC, Mirlung VDC, Satiswara VDC, Risti VDC, Basantapur VDC and Chok Chisapani VDC on  19 September 2015 to form Bhanu Municipality.

Satiswara
Satiswara  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5524 people living in 1162 individual households.
Early life and career of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany
Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (1339–1420) was a younger son of Robert II of Scotland (and great-grandson of Robert the Bruce) who was de facto ruler of Scotland for several years, during three periods as regent during the reigns of Robert II, Robert III and James I.

This article covers the period from his birth down to the start of his first period as regent in 1388.

Earl of Fife
The Earl of Fife or Mormaer of Fife was the ruler of the province of Fife in medieval Scotland, which encompassed the modern counties of Fife and Kinross.  Due to their royal ancestry, the earls of Fife were the highest ranking nobles in the realm, and had the right to crown the king of Scots.

Held by the MacDuff family until it passed by resignation to the Stewarts, the earldom ended on the forfeiture and execution of Murdoch Stewart in 1425. The earldom  was revived in 1759 with the style of Earl Fife for William Duff, a descendant of the MacDuffs. His great-great-grandson, the 6th Earl Fife, was made Earl of Fife in 1885 and Duke of Fife in 1889.
Tukulan (river)
The Tukulan (Russian: Тукулаан; Yakut: Тукулан) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, a right tributary of the Aldan, part of the Lena basin.

The Tukulan has a length of 191 kilometres (119 mi) and a drainage basin area of 2,880 square kilometres (1,110 sq mi). There are no settlements in the area of the river. The nearest inhabited places are Batamay of Kobyaysky District to the west of the Tukulan's mouth and Udarnik, Krest-Khaldzhay and Ary-Tolon of Tompo District to the east.

Lena River
The Lena is a river in the Russian Far East and is the easternmost river of the three great rivers of Siberia which flow into the Arctic Ocean, the others being Ob and Yenisey. The Lena River is 4,294 km (2,668 mi) long and has a capacious drainage basin of 2,490,000 km2 (960,000 mi2); thus the Lena is the eleventh-longest river in the world and the longest river entirely within Russia. Geographically, permafrost underlies all the Lena River's catchment and it is continuous in over 75 percent of the basin.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 440
United Nations Security Council Resolution 440, adopted on 27 November 1978, after hearing from a representative of Cyprus, the Council expressed deep concern at lack of progress on the peace issue. The resolution reaffirmed resolutions 365 (1974), 367 (1975) and 410 (1977), calling on all parties to ensure they implement the resolutions and resume negotiations with the United Nations.

The resolution also called on the Secretary-General to monitor the situation and report back by 30 May 1979 or earlier, in time for the Security Council to review the situation again in June 1979.

No details of the voting were given, other than that it was adopted "by consensus".

United Nations Security Council Resolution 365
United Nations Security Council Resolution 365, adopted on 13 December 1974, after receiving General Assembly resolution 3212 (which regarded the Cyprus Question) and noting with satisfaction in unanimous adoption the Council endorsed the General Assembly resolution and urges the parties concerned to implement it as soon as possible, requesting the Secretary-General to report on the progress of the implementation of this resolution.

No details of the voting were given, the resolution states it was adopted "by consensus".
Easley High School Auditorium
Easley High School Auditorium is a historic building built in 1909 in Easley, South Carolina and now on the National Register of Historic Places.  It is historically significant for its long association with education and civic life in Easley in the first half of the 20th century.  The building served as Easley's first and only high school from 1909 to 1940 and was central to the early experience and training of almost every local resident of that period.

Easley, South Carolina
Easley is a city in Pickens County (with parts extending into Anderson County) in the U.S. state of South Carolina. Most of the city lies in Pickens County, with a small portion of the city in Anderson County. As of the 2020 census, Easley had a population of 22,921.

In 2001, Easley hosted the Big League World Series for the first time, and continued to host the tournament annually until it was disbanded in 2016. In 2017, the Senior League World Series moved to Easley as the host for the annual tournament. The Upper South Carolina State Fair is located in Easley and is held annually in early September.
Hans Georg von Mackensen
Hans Georg von Mackensen (26 January 1883 – 28 September 1947) was a German diplomat who served at different stages as "State Secretary" at the Foreign Ministry, German ambassador in Rome and a SS Group Leader ("Gruppenführer").

Federal Foreign Office
The Federal Foreign Office (German: Auswärtiges Amt, pronounced [ˈaʊsˌvɛʁtɪɡəs ˈʔamt] ⓘ; abbreviated AA) is the foreign ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany, a federal agency responsible for both the country's foreign policy and its relationship with the European Union. It is a cabinet-level ministry. Since May 2025, Johann Wadephul has served as Foreign Minister, succeeding Annalena Baerbock. The primary seat of the ministry is at the Werderscher Markt square in the Mitte district, the historic centre of Berlin.

The term Auswärtiges Amt was the name of the Foreign Office established in 1870 by the North German Confederation, which then became the German Empire's Foreign Office in 1871. It is still the name of the German foreign ministry today. From 1871 to 1919, the Foreign Office was led by a Foreign Secretary, and since 1919, it has been led by the Foreign Minister of Germany.
Buromskiy Island
Buromskiy Island is a small island lying 0.6 km (0.37 mi) south of Haswell Island in the Haswell Islands of Antarctica. About 200 m long and 100 m wide, it was discovered and mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition under Douglas Mawson, 1911–14. It was photographed by the Soviet expedition of 1958 and named for N.I. Buromskiy, expedition hydrographer who lost his life in the Antarctic in 1957. It lies 2.7 km north of Mabus Point, the site of Russia's Mirny Station.

Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
A Historic Site or Monument (HSM) is a protected location of historic interest on the continent of Antarctica, or on its adjacent islands. The list of historic sites was first drawn up in 1972, and has since expanded to cover 96 sites, with the most recent listed in 2024. Five sites have been removed from the list for various reasons.

Historic Sites and Monuments are protected under the Antarctic Treaty System, as one of three classes of Antarctic Protected Areas.

The criteria for listing a site are that it should fulfil one or more of the following criteria:
Büdelsdorf
Büdelsdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈbyːdl̩sˌdɔʁf] ⓘ; Danish: Bydelstorp; Low German: Büdelsdörp) is a town in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the river Eider and the Kiel Canal, approx. 2 kilometres (1 mile) north of Rendsburg, and 30 km (19 mi) west of Kiel, just 5 mi (8 km) off the motorway.

Rendsburg-Eckernförde
Rendsburg-Eckernförde (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛnt͡sˌbʊʁk ɛkɐnˈføːɐ̯də] ⓘ; Danish: Rendsborg-Egernførde) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Kiel, the district of Plön, the city of Neumünster, the districts of Segeberg, Steinburg, Dithmarschen and Schleswig-Flensburg, and the Baltic Sea.
Right-wing politics
Right-wing politics or rightism is the range of political ideologies that view certain social orders and hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position in favour of conservatism, natural law, economics, authority, property, religion, or tradition. Hierarchy and inequality may be seen as natural results of traditional social differences or competition in market economies.

Right-wing politics are considered the counterpart to left-wing politics, and the left–right political spectrum is the most common political spectrum. The right includes social conservatives and fiscal conservatives, as well as laissez-faire economic policies. "Right" and "right-wing" have been variously used as compliments and pejoratives describing neoliberal and conservative economic and social ideas.

Social organization
In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on.

Because of these characteristics of social organization, people can monitor their everyday work and involvement in other activities that are controlled forms of human interaction. These interactions include: affiliation, collective resources, substitutability of individuals and recorded control. These interactions come together to constitute common features in basic social units such as family, enterprises, clubs, states, etc. These are social organizations.

Common examples of modern social organizations are government agencies, NGOs, and corporations.
Miller–Abbott tube
A Miller–Abbott tube is a tube used to treat obstructions in the small intestine through intubation. It was developed in 1934 by William Osler Abbott and Thomas Grier Miller.  The device is around 3 metres (9.8 ft) long and has a distal balloon at one end.  It is made up of two tubes, one for inflating the balloon when in the duodenum and one for the passage of water. While inserted, barium can be passed through them, and this, alongside radiography, can provide diagnostic information regarding a lesion. A mercury-filled bag has been used with these tubes to assist with decompression of an obstructed intestine, although there are recorded cases of these rupturing and sometimes causing mercury poisoning.

Intubation
Intubation (sometimes entubation) is a medical procedure involving the insertion of a tube into the body. Most commonly, intubation refers to tracheal intubation, a procedure during which an endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea to support patient ventilation. Other examples of intubation include balloon tamponade using a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube (a tube into the gastrointestinal tract), urinary catheterization, and nasogastric intubation using a feeding tube.
Srbija Kargo
44°48′22.6″N 20°27′32″E﻿ / ﻿44.806278°N 20.45889°E﻿ / 44.806278; 20.45889

Srbija Kargo (Serbian Cyrillic: Србија Карго, Anglicized: Serbia Cargo) is the national state-owned cargo railway company of Serbia.

Vectron (locomotive)
The Vectron is a locomotive series made by Siemens Mobility, introduced at the 2010 InnoTrans trade fair in four prototype versions: diesel, multi-system, and both AC and DC electric power. The diesel version has been replaced in 2018 by a dual mode locomotive which is powered by electricity on electrified sections of the track and can be switched to diesel mode on non-electrified sections. The Vectron series is reconfigurable and modular, with a Bo'Bo' wheel arrangement, and is intended as the successor to the EuroSprinter family of locomotives. It can be configured to use any or all of the four electric power systems commonly used in Europe. A more affordable, basic version called Smartron was introduced in 2018.
Bård Finne
Bård Finne (born 13 February 1995) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a forward for SK Brann and the Norway national team.

Hailing from Bergen, he started his professional career in Brann. Finne has represented Norway from under-15 to under-21 level.

2022 Norwegian First Division
The 2022 Norwegian First Division (referred to as OBOS-ligaen for sponsorship reasons) is a Norwegian second-tier football league season.

The league started on 2 April 2022, and is scheduled to end on 29 October 2022, not including play-off matches.
Jeff Simon
Jeffrey Simon (born August 17, 1989) is an American short track speed skater and three-time bronze medallist at the World Championships.

At the 2011 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships in Sheffield, England, Simon won three bronze medals.  In his first event, Simon won a bronze medal in the men's 1500 m, finishing behind Noh Jin-Kyu and Charles Hamelin. Simon won his second bronze in the men's 3000 m, finishing behind Noh Jin-Kyu and Liang Wenhao. In his last event, the men's 5000 m relay, Simon won the bronze with Kyle Carr, Travis Jayner, and Anthony Lobello. Simon also competed in the men's 500 and 1000 m but did not advance to the finals in either event.

Liang Wenhao
Liang Wenhao (Chinese: 梁文豪; pinyin: Liáng Wénháo; born July 6, 1992) is a Chinese male short track speed skater. He represented China at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
KYYK
KYYK (98.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a hybrid Classic country format, with an emphasis on Texas Country artists. Licensed to Palestine, Texas, United States, the station serves the Tyler-Jacksonville area. KYYK simulcasts programming with sister stations KCKL and KWRD under the umbrella of the "E-Tex Radio Network". The station is currently owned by Tiffany Spearman and Kristi Spearman, through licensee Zula Com, LLC, and is an affiliate of the High Plains Radio Network.

Palestine, Texas
Palestine (/ˈpælɪstiːn/ PAL-ist-een) is a city in and the seat of Anderson County in the U.S. state of Texas. It was named after Palestine, Illinois, by preacher Daniel Parker, who had migrated from that town.

The city had a 2020 U.S. census population of 18,544, making it the sixth-largest incorporated municipality in Northeast Texas by population. Palestine is a relatively small city located in the Piney Woods, equidistant from the major cities of Dallas, Houston, and Shreveport, Louisiana.

It is notable for its natural environment, and has a notable dogwood blooming season. It has 23 historical sites on the National Register of Historic Places, and was the western terminus of the historic Texas State Railroad. Today, this steam-and-diesel railroad museum operates tourist trains between Palestine and Rusk.