hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tenth Amendment of the Constitution Bill 1986
The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution Bill 1986 (bill no. 15 of 1986) was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Ireland to remove the prohibition on divorce. The proposal was rejected in a referendum on 26 June 1986. It was the first of two referendums held in Ireland on the question of divorce; the Fifteenth Amendment in 1995 allowed for divorce under specified conditions.

Legal separation
Legal separation (sometimes judicial separation, separate maintenance, divorce a mensa et thoro, or divorce from bed-and-board) is a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a marital separation while remaining legally married. A legal separation is granted in the form of a court order. In cases where children are involved, a court order of legal separation often makes child custody arrangements, specifying sole custody or shared parenting, as well as child support. Some couples obtain a legal separation as an alternative to a divorce, based on moral or religious objections to divorce.

Legal separation does not automatically lead to divorce. The couple might reconcile, in which case they do not have to do anything in order to continue their marriage.
Salbit
Salbit (Arabic: سلبيت, also spelled Selbît) was a Palestinian Arab village located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) southeast of al-Ramla.  Salbit was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War after a military assault by Israeli forces. The Israeli locality of Shaalvim was established on the former village's lands in 1951.

Latrun
Latrun (Hebrew: לטרון, Latrun; Arabic: اللطرون, al-Latrun) is a strategic hilltop in the Latrun salient in the Ayalon Valley. It overlooks the road between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, 25 kilometers west of Jerusalem and 14 kilometers southeast of Ramla. It was the site of fierce fighting during the 1948 war. During the period of 1949–1967, it was occupied by Jordan at the edge of a no man's land between the armistice lines. In the 1967 war it was captured by Israel and had been under Israeli control since then.

The hilltop includes the Latrun Abbey, Mini Israel (a park with scale models of historic buildings around Israel), The International Center for the Study of Bird Migration (ICSBM), the Yad La-Shiryon memorial to armored corps soldiers killed in action, and military tank museum. Neve Shalom (Oasis of Peace) is a joint Israeli-Palestinian community on a hilltop south of Latrun. Canada Park is nearby to the east.
Dicke state
In quantum optics and quantum information, a Dicke state is a quantum state defined by Robert H. Dicke in connection to spontaneous radiation processes taking place in an ensemble of two-state atoms. A Dicke state is the simultaneous eigenstate of the angular momentum operators  and 
Dicke states have recently been realized with photons with up to six particles and cold atoms of more than thousands of particles. They are highly entangled, and in quantum metrology they lead to the maximal Heisenberg scaling of the precision of parameter estimation.

Multipartite entanglement
In the case of systems composed of  subsystems, the classification of quantum-entangled states is richer than in the bipartite case. Indeed, in multipartite entanglement apart from fully separable states and fully entangled states, there also exists the notion of partially separable states.
Harris Schurmeier
Harris McIntosh Schurmeier (July 4, 1924 – November 23, 2013) was an American aerospace engineer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, best known as the project manager of the Ranger lunar program and Voyager program to the outer planets. After the first six Ranger spacecraft failed, Schurmeier implemented new quality control and testing procedures that led to three consecutive successful missions from 1964 to 1965. He later served as Voyager's first project manager from 1972 to 1976.

Ranger 6
Ranger 6 was a lunar probe in the NASA Ranger program, a series of robotic spacecraft of the early and mid-1960s to obtain close-up images of the Moon's surface. It was launched on January 30, 1964 and was designed to transmit high-resolution photographs of the lunar terrain during the final minutes of flight until impacting the surface. The spacecraft carried six television vidicon cameras—two wide-angle (channel F, cameras A and B) and four narrow-angle (channel P)—to accomplish these objectives. The cameras were arranged in two separate chains, or channels, each self-contained with separate power supplies, timers, and transmitters so as to afford the greatest reliability and probability of obtaining high-quality television pictures. No other experiments were carried on the spacecraft. Due to a failure of the camera system, no images were returned.
Nymphon leptocheles
Nymphon leptocheles is a species of sea spider first described by Georg Ossian Sars in 1888. The species greatly resembles other members of the genus Nymphon, and species identification from morphological traits alone is therefore a complex task.

Sea spider
Sea spiders are marine arthropods of the class Pycnogonida, hence they are also called pycnogonids (/pɪkˈnɒɡənədz/; named after Pycnogonum, the type genus; with the suffix -id). The class includes the only extant order Pantopoda (lit. 'all feet'), alongside a few fossil species which could trace back to the early or mid-Paleozoic.

They are cosmopolitan, found in oceans around the world. The over 1,300 known species have leg spans ranging from 1 mm (0.04 in) to over 70 cm (2.3 ft). Most are toward the smaller end of this range in relatively shallow depths; however, they can grow to be quite large in the Antarctic region and in deep waters.

Despite their name and slight resemblance, "sea spiders" are not spiders, nor even arachnids. While some literature around the 2000s suggests they may be a sister group to all other living arthropods, their traditional classification as a member of chelicerates alongside horseshoe crabs and arachnids has regained wide support in subsequent studies.
São Vicente Cup
The São Vicente Island Cup (Portuguese: Taça/Copa da Ilha de São Vicente, Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Tasa/Kopa da Idja di Sau Visenti) is cup competition played during the season in the island of São Vicente, Cape Verde, it consists of all the clubs from all the two regional divisions and are divided into about five to six rounds.  The cup tournament is organized by the São Vicente Regional Football Association (Associação Regional de São Vicente de Futebol, ARSVF). The cup winner competed in the regional super cup final in the following season.  For several seasons, the winner qualified into Cape Verdean Cup which has been cancelled due to financial and scheduling reasons.

Batuque won the most cup titles numbering six, second is Derby with four, third is Mindelense with three, fourth is Falcões do Norte with four and last are Académica do Mindelo, Ribeira Bote and Salamansa.

Its recent cup winner is Batuque who won their next cup title after defeating Derby on May 6.

Taça Nacional de Cabo Verde
The Taça de Cabo Verde (Portuguese for the Cape Verdean Cup, also as the Capeverdean Cup) is the main knock-out football tournament of the Cape Verde islands. It started in 1982, it was later revived in 2007 and is played annually. The competition features the winners of each island or regional cup competition and competes into two groups.
Adolf Slaby
Adolf Karl Heinrich Slaby  (18 April 1849 – 6 April 1913) was a German electronics pioneer and the first Professor of electro-technology at Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg (today Technische Universität Berlin, 1886).

Guglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquess (25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937), was an Italian radio-frequency engineer, inventor, and politician known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system. This led to his being largely credited as the inventor of radio and sharing the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy."
His work laid the foundation for the development of radio, television, and all modern wireless communication systems.

As an entrepreneur and a businessman, Marconi founded The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company (later the Marconi Company) in the United Kingdom in 1897. In 1929, he was ennobled as a marquess (Italian: marchese) by King Victor Emmanuel III. In 1931, he set up Vatican Radio for Pope Pius XI.
John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort
John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort, styled Duke of Melfort in the Jacobite peerage (8 August 1650 – 25 January 1715), was a Scottish politician and close advisor to James VII & II. A Catholic convert, Melfort and his brother the Earl of Perth consistently urged James not to compromise with his opponents, contributing to his increasing isolation and ultimate deposition in the 1688 Glorious Revolution.

In exile, Melfort became the first Jacobite Secretary of State but his unpopularity with other Jacobites led to his resignation in 1694. He served as James' Papal Ambassador in Rome but failed to regain his former influence and retired from active politics. He died in Paris on 25 January 1715.

Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland
The Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland was the monarch of Scotland's personal representative to the Parliament of Scotland. From the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of England in 1603, a Lord High Commissioner was appointed from among the senior nobility to represent the Scottish monarch in parliament when he or she was absent, as was usually the case up to 1707. The Act of Union 1707, which merged the Parliament of Scotland and the Parliament of England to create the Parliament of Great Britain, rendered the post redundant.

The Lord High Commissioner represented Crown authority and sat on the throne within the parliamentary chamber. The Commissioner gave royal assent to all acts of parliament by touching the final copy of each act with the sceptre. They were the custodian of the Crown's legislative agenda and were effectively the heads of government in Scotland during this period.
Page Morris
Robert Page Waller Morris (June 30, 1853 – December 16, 1924) was a United States representative from Minnesota and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

Thomas S. Gathright
Thomas Sanford Gathright (January 5, 1829 – May 24, 1880) was an American educator and the first president of the State Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, now known as Texas A&M University, and the second president of Henderson Male and Female College. He founded what would later become the only functioning secondary school in Mississippi during the American Civil War and was the state Superintendent of Public Instruction in 1876.
Rothia aerolata
Rothia aerolata is a species of Gram-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming bacteria in the genus Rothia. It was first isolated from exhaust air in a pig barn in Germany and formally described as a new species in 2016.

Rothia (bacterium)
Rothia is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial genus from the family Micrococcaceae. Three species within Rothia have been shown to colonize humans: R. dentocariosa, R. mucilaginosa, and R. aeria. These species are considered to be commensal, but they can cause disease in immunosuppressed humans.

Rothia spp. are prevalent in human saliva and produce enterobactin. They are also prevalent in the human gut and can cause the emergence of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

Rothia spp. have been isolated from diverse habitats, including humans, livestock, and natural and built environments. As of 2026, 14 species have been validly published and are recognized as members of the genus Rothia.
Cyril Dunne
Cyril Dunne (1941 – 5 December 2024) was an Irish hurler, Gaelic football player and manager. At club level he played with St Grellan's and Milltown, while he was also a member of the Galway senior teams as a dual player.

Galway Senior Football Championship
The Galway Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association competition between the top Gaelic football clubs in Galway. The winners of the Galway Championship qualify to represent their county in the Connacht Senior Club Football Championship, the winners of which go on to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship. The winning team is presented with the Frank Fox Cup.

Tuam Stars are the most successful with 25 wins. St. Grellan's, Ballinasloe hold the record for most consecutive championships, winning 8 from 1922 to 1929.

2018 saw the competition take on a new format, with group stages consisting of 4 groups of 5 teams.
Cotter Dam
The Cotter Dam is a concrete gravity and rockfill embankment dam across the Cotter River, located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Both the dam and river are named after early settler in the area Garrett Cotter. The impounded Cotter Reservoir is a supply source of potable water for the city of Canberra and its environs.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
1972 AIAW National Basketball Championship
The 1972 AIAW women's basketball tournament was held on March 16–19, 1972.  The host site was Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois.

Sixteen teams participated.  Immaculata College (now known as Immaculata University), coached by Hall-of-Famer Cathy Rush, was crowned national champion at the conclusion of the tournament.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
Hard disk drive failure
A hard disk drive failure occurs when a hard disk drive malfunctions and the stored information cannot be accessed with a properly configured computer.

A hard disk failure may occur in the course of normal operation, or due to an external factor such as exposure to fire or water or high magnetic fields, or suffering a sharp impact or environmental contamination, which can lead to a head crash.

The stored information on a hard drive may also be rendered inaccessible as a result of data corruption, disruption or destruction of the hard drive's master boot record, or by malware deliberately destroying the disk's contents.

Data scrubbing
Data scrubbing is an error correction technique that uses a background task to periodically inspect main memory or storage for errors, then corrects detected errors using redundant data in the form of different checksums or copies of data. Data scrubbing reduces the likelihood that single correctable errors will accumulate, leading to reduced risks of uncorrectable errors.

Data integrity is a high-priority concern in writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing of data in computer operating systems and in computer storage and data transmission systems. However, only a few of the currently existing and used file systems provide sufficient protection against data corruption.

To address this issue, data scrubbing provides routine checks of all inconsistencies in data and, in general, prevention of hardware or software failure. This "scrubbing" feature occurs commonly in memory, disk arrays, file systems, or FPGAs as a mechanism of error detection and correction.
Trump Davidson
James Douglas "Trump" Davidson (November 26, 1908 - May 2, 1978) was a Canadian jazz bandleader and cornetist.

Davidson formed one of Canada's earliest jazz bands in 1925, under the name The Melody Five. From 1929 to 1936 he played in Luigi Romanelli's orchestra, then led a dance band from 1937 to 1942, which broadcast on NBC and toured in the UK with Ray Noble in 1938–39. He worked in Horace Lapp's orchestra in 1942, then led a dance band in Toronto at the Palace Pier from 1944 until 1962. This group appeared often on CBC radio and recorded several times during the 1960s. He led a big band from 1974 to 1978, also singing with this group.

Luigi Romanelli (conductor)
Luigi Romanelli (29 November 1885, Belleville, Ontario - 29 July 1942, La Malbaie) was a Canadian conductor and violinist. His orchestra, the Romanelli Orchestra, was one of the most popular orchestras on radio, in concert, and on record in Canada from the 1920s up until his death in the early 1940s. Under his leadership, the Romanelli Orchestra made recordings for His Master's Voice, Edison Records, and Bluebird Records.

Romanelli and his orchestra performed on March 28, 1922, in the first concert broadcast on the radio in Toronto.
Hjem til gården 2019
Hjem til gården 2019 (Home to the Farm 2019) is the third season of the Danish version of The Farm. 12 contestants from across Denmark come to the farm and live like it was 100 years ago. The season is hosted by Lene Beier once again with the farm mentor Philip Dam Hansen returning as well. The main twist this season is the introduction of Ødegården, where eliminated contestants join two former contestants competing for a chance to renter the farm. The season premiered on 17 March 2019 and concluded on 26 May 2019 where Peter Ole Finnemann Viuff won in the final duel against Tom Hedegaard in the final duel to win the grand prize of 500,000kr.

The Farm (franchise)
The Farm is a reality competition television franchise format created by the Swedish producer Strix. With over 100 licenses sold around the world and aired in more than 50 countries, The Farm is one of their most popular formats, including The Bar and Fame Factory. It has been constantly on air somewhere in the world since 2001. The format is distributed by Fremantle.
2024 Open d'Orléans
The 2024 CO'Met Orléans Open was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Orléans, France between 23 and 29 September 2024.

Open d'Orléans
The CO'Met Orléans Open is a tennis tournament part of the ATP Challenger Tour, played on indoor hardcourts. The event is held in Orléans, France, since 2005. Since 2023 it is held at l’Arena de CO'Met and is known as the CO'Met Orléans Open.
Joe Ascione
Joe Ascione (March 14, 1961 – March 11, 2016) was an American jazz drummer.

Ascione grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He began playing drums at age 2. His parents bought him his first drum set at age 4, and he was playing professionally by the time he was 12. When he was a teenager, he was a roadie for Buddy Rich. He cites Rich, Gene Krupa, and Philly Joe Jones as drummers who held his attention longer than the pop music drummers he heard as a kid.

Although he was a jazz drummer, he didn't like being limited to that category. He performed, recorded or toured with musicians from jazz, rock, and pop music, including Cab Calloway, Donald Fagen, Della Reese, David Grisman, George Coleman, Billy Mitchell, Flip Phillips, Al Hirt, Dr. John, Phoebe Snow, Jon Hendricks, Dick Hyman, Joey DeFrancesco, Frank Vignola, and Herb Ellis.

In 2000, Ascione was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. He died on March 11, 2016, at the age of 54.

Flip Phillips
Joseph Edward Filippelli (March 26, 1915 – August 17, 2001), known professionally as Flip Phillips, was an American jazz tenor saxophone and clarinet player. He is best remembered for his work with Norman Granz's Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts from 1946 to 1957. Phillips recorded an album for Verve when he was in his 80s. He performed in a variety of genres, including mainstream jazz, swing, and jump blues.
The Theory of Whatever
The Theory of Whatever is the fifth album by English indie rock singer-songwriter Jamie T, released on 22 July 2022 through Polydor Records. The first single from the album, "The Old Style Raiders", was released on 4 May 2022, followed by "St. George Wharf Tower" on 21 June, and "Between the Rocks" on 20 July.

The album was Jamie T's first release in nearly six years and entered the charts at number one in its first week of release. It spent one more week in the charts at 36th position.

The Maccabees (band)
The Maccabees are an English indie rock band, formed in 2004 in London. The band consists of Orlando Weeks (vocals, guitar, keyboards), Felix White (guitar, backing vocals), Hugo White (guitar, backing vocals), Rupert Jarvis (bass) and Sam Doyle (drums).

During the band's initial run, they released four studio albums: Colour It In in 2007, followed by Wall of Arms in 2009, Given to the Wild which was released on 9 January 2012 and their last album Marks to Prove It released on 31 July 2015. The band announced their decision to disband in August 2016, with farewell gigs taking place in 2017.

On 25 October 2024, it was announced that the band were reuniting after seven years of inactivity.
Japanese migration to Thailand
Japanese migration to Thailand has a long history and in recent years has grown. As of 2021, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reports that Thailand has the fourth highest number of Japanese expatriates in the world after the United States, China and Australia. Bangkok, the home of two-thirds of all the registered Japanese residents in Thailand, has the second-largest Japanese expatriate population of any city in the world outside Japan, behind only Los Angeles. Japanese residents themselves suspect that their actual population number may be several times higher than the official figures, because many transient residents, especially those on long-term tourist visas, fail to register with Japanese consulates.

Japanese language education in Thailand
Japanese language education in Thailand formally dates back to the 1960s, when Thai universities began to establish Japanese language courses. A 2006 survey by the Japan Foundation found 1,153 teachers teaching the language to 71,083 students at 385 institutions; the number of students increased by 29.5% compared to the 2003 survey. As of 2024, according to the Japan Foundation, 194,366 people were learning Japanese in Thailand.
Bellinzona railway station
Bellinzona railway station (Italian: Stazione di Bellinzona) serves the town of Bellinzona, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. It is on the Swiss Federal Railways' Gotthard line. The station is nicknamed Porta del Ticino ("Gate of Ticino") since the opening of the Gotthard Base Tunnel in 2016.

Gotthard Tunnel
The Gotthard Tunnel (German: Gotthardtunnel, Italian: Galleria del San Gottardo) is a 15-kilometre-long (9.3 mi) railway tunnel that forms the summit of the Gotthard Railway in Switzerland. It connects Göschenen with Airolo and was the first tunnel through the Saint-Gotthard Massif in order to bypass the St Gotthard Pass. It was built as single bore tunnel accommodating a standard gauge double-track railway throughout. When opened in 1882, the Gotthard Tunnel was the longest tunnel in the world.

The tunnel rises from the northern portal at Göschenen (1,106 m or 3,629 ft) and the highest point (1,151 m or 3,776 ft) is reached after approximately eight kilometres (5 mi). After two more kilometers, the border between the cantons of Uri and Ticino is passed; after another five kilometres (3 mi), the tunnel ends at the southern portal near to Airolo (1,142 m or 3,747 ft). The trip takes about seven to eight minutes by train. Services are operated by the Swiss Federal Railways.