hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charkhestaneh, Dowreh
Charkhestaneh (Persian: چرخستانه, also Romanized as Charkhestāneh; also known as Charkhestān) is a village in Kashkan Rural District, Shahivand District, Dowreh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 33 families.

Shahivand District
Shahivand District (Persian: بخش شاهیوند) is in Chegeni County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Cham Palak.

The district is entirely rural. In the district is the Kashkan River. Most of the people work in fields and cultivate grain. Some families depend on their livestock and earn money from the sale of their animals’ by-products. These animals are chickens, goats, sheep, and cows.
Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne
Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃ɡœj ʃaʁl ləmwan]) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2015. It encompasses a portion of Quebec formerly included in the electoral districts of Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert and Saint-Lambert.

Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 2015 Canadian federal election. The riding was originally intended to be named LeMoyne.

Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert
Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert (formerly known as Saint-Hubert) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2015. Its population in 2001 was 99,755.
Martindale, Calgary
Martindale is a residential neighbourhood in the northeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by 80 Avenue NE, to the east by Falconridge Boulevard, to the south by 64 Avenue NE and to the west by Métis Trail. The Martindale LRT station opened in August 2012.

The area was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1961 and Martindale was established in 1983. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 5 councillor. Martindale is reportedly named after one of the community's developers children: Martin and Tara.

Falconridge
Falconridge is a residential neighbourhood in the northeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It's bounded by Falconridge Boulevard to the west, 64 Avenue N to the north, 68 Street E to the east and McKnight Boulevard to the south

The area was part of the Municipal District of Rocky View until it was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1961. Falconridge was established in 1979. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 5 councillor.
1972 Icelandic Cup
The 1972 Icelandic Cup was the 13th edition of the National Football Cup.

It took place between 19 June 1972 and 12 November 1972, with the final played at Melavöllur in Reykjavík.

The Cup was important, as the winner qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. (If a club won both the league and the cup, the losing finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup).

Clubs from the 1. Deild did not enter until the last 16, while clubs from lower divisions had already played 3 preliminary rounds. In case of a draw, the match was replayed at the ground of the other team.

ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar won their second Icelandic Cup, after winning the 1968 Icelandic Cup and beating 2. Deild club FH Hafnarfjörður in the final.

1968 Icelandic Cup
The 1968 Icelandic Cup was the ninth edition of the National Football Cup.

It took place between 21 July 1968 and 5 October 1968, with the final played at Melavöllur in Reykjavík. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (if a club won both the league and the cup, the defeated finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup). Teams from the Úrvalsdeild karla (1st division) did not enter until the quarter finals. In prior rounds, teams from the 2. Deild (2nd division), as well as reserve teams, played in one-legged matches. In case of a draw, lots were drawn. From the semi-finals, after a replay, lots were drawn.

ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar, newly promoted to the 1. Deild won the Icelandic Cup for the first time in their history, and therefore progressed into Europe. Another first came when a reserve team reached the final - KR Reykjavík, who beat their own first team in the quarter final.
Azwan Ali Rahman
Muhammad Azwan bin Ali Rahman (born 11 January 1992) is a Bruneian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for and captains both Malaysia Super League club DPMM and the Brunei national team. He is the joint top-scorer (shared with Shah Razen Said) of the Brunei national team  with eight goals.

Brunei Super League
The Brunei Super League (abbr: BSL; Malay: Liga Super Brunei  – LSB) is a professional league for men's association football in the sultanate of Brunei Darussalam.  It is at the top tier of the Bruneian football league system, and it is managed by the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam (FABD).  The football clubs participating in this top-tier league need to pass a set of requirements and verification process, particularly related to professionalism and infrastructure feasibility.

The BSL championship winner will receive B$10,000 as prize money, in addition to a qualifying berth for the AFC Challenge League as Brunei's representative, provided that the winning club conforms to Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Club Licence criteria. The BSL runners-up will receive B$7,000.
2013 Aegon Trophy
The 2013 Aegon Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Nottingham, United Kingdom, on 3–9 June 2013.

2013 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2013 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2013 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Ministry of Housing, City and Territory (Colombia)
The Ministry of Housing, City and Territory (Spanish: Ministerio de Vivienda, Ciudad y Territorio) is the national executive ministry of Colombia in charge of formulating, implementing, and orienting housing policy, urban planning, and water supply and sanitation services in the country.

Water supply and sanitation in Colombia
Water supply and sanitation in Colombia have been improved in many ways over the past decades. Between 1990 and 2010, access to improved sanitation increased from 67% to 82%, but access to improved water sources increased only slightly from 89% to 94%. In particular, coverage in rural areas lags behind. Furthermore, despite improvements, the quality of water and sanitation services remains inadequate. For example, only 73% of those receiving public services receive water of potable quality and in 2006 only 25% of the wastewater generated in the country underwent any kind of treatment.
Cae-y-Castell
Cae-y-Castell (currently known as the Essity Stadium for sponsorship reasons) is a football stadium in Flint, Flintshire, Wales. Located on the banks of the Dee Estuary close to Flint Castle, it is the home ground of Flint Town United and is also used by Connah's Quay Nomads and Flint Rugby Club.

Flint, Flintshire
Flint (Welsh: Y Fflint) is a town and community in Flintshire, Wales, lying on the estuary of the River Dee. It is the former county town of Flintshire. According to the 2011 Census, the population of the community of Flint was 12,953, increasing to 13,732 at the 2021 census. The urban area including Holywell and Bagillt had a population of 26,442.
Hair perforation test
The hair perforation test, also known as an in vitro hair perforation test, is a laboratory test used to help distinguish the isolates of dermatophytes, such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes and its variants. The test is performed by placing an organism into a Petri dish containing water, yeast extract, and hair. After incubation for 4 week, they are examined under microscopy T.mentagrophyte would have produced erosions on the Hair while T. Rubrum will not produce any change. Hence they are used to differtiate dermatophytes.  
The Mayo Clinic's mycology laboratory has identified five common dermatophytes; Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton tonsurans.

Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a species in the fungal genus Trichophyton, and the type species of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex . It is one of three common fungi which cause ringworm in companion animals. It is also the second-most commonly isolated fungus causing tinea infections in humans, and the most common or one of the most common fungi that cause zoonotic skin disease. Trichophyton mentagrophytes is frequently isolated from dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs and other rodents, though at least some genetic variants possess the potential of human-to-human transmission, e.g. Type VII and Type VIII. As of 2024 it is an emerging STD in men who have sex with men and in sex workers of all genders.
Robert Blee
Robert Blee (January 31, 1839–February 26, 1898) was the mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, from 1893 to 1894.

For Robert Blee,  all of the following information is from "Annals of the Early Settlers Association of Cuyahoga County" Volume IV, published by order of the Executive Committee in 1899.  This association was open to all settlers who came to the Western Reserve by 1859 and resided in Cuyahoga County.

Mayor of Cleveland
The mayor of Cleveland is the head of the executive branch of government of the City of Cleveland, Ohio. As the chief executive in Cleveland's mayor–council (strong mayor) system, the mayor oversees all city services and is "responsible for enforcing the city charter, city ordinances, and the laws of the State of Ohio." The mayor's office is located at Cleveland City Hall at 601 Lakeside Avenue in Downtown Cleveland. Since 1836, the city has had a total of 54 mayors, including the city's current mayor, Justin Bibb, encompassing 58 mayoral administrations, as four mayors have served in non-consecutive terms.
GJ 2030
GJ 2030 is a star in the constellation Eridanus. At an apparent magnitude of +6.206, it is close to the average threshold for naked eye visibility, and can only be viewed from sufficiently dark skies, far from light pollution. Parallax measurements by the Gaia spacecraft measured a distance of 121.7 light-years, give or take 0.4 light-years.

The spectrum of this star matches a spectral class of G5/6V, with the luminosity class V suggesting it is a main sequence star, but its physical properties suggest it is actually a subgiant. It has 1.02 times the Sun's mass and 2.43 times the Sun's radius. It radiates 4.06 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,259 K. At this temperature, the star shines with a yellowish color typical of G-type stars.

GJ 2030 is likely a member of the thick disk population, with a substantially lower metallicity than the Sun. Its age is estimated at 6.39 billion years, older than the Solar System.

Eridanus (constellation)
Eridanus is a constellation which stretches along the southern celestial hemisphere. It is represented as a river. One of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century AD astronomer Ptolemy, it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. It is the sixth largest of the modern constellations.  The same name was later taken as a Latin name for the real Po River and also for the name of a minor river in Athens.
High Commission of Singapore, London
The High Commission of the Republic of Singapore in London is the diplomatic mission of Singapore in the United Kingdom. Also accredited as the Embassy of Singapore to Ireland and Iceland.

The building forms one of a group of Grade II listed stucco buildings along the western side of Wilton Crescent, in the Belgravia district.

Belgravia
Belgravia (/bɛlˈɡreɪviə/) is a district in Central London, covering parts of the areas of the City of Westminster and the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.

Belgravia was known as the 'Five Fields' during the Tudor Period, and became a dangerous place due to highwaymen and robberies. It was developed in the early 19th century by Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster under the direction of Thomas Cubitt, focusing on numerous grand terraces centred on Belgrave Square and Eaton Square. Much of Belgravia, known as the Grosvenor Estate, is still owned by a family property company, the Duke of Westminster's Grosvenor Group, although owing to the Leasehold Reform Act 1967, the estate has been forced to sell many freeholds to its former tenants.

The part of Belgravia that lies in the City of Westminster is a district of Westminster.
Battle of Rocky Face Ridge
The Battle of Rocky Face Ridge was fought May 7–13, 1864, in Whitfield County, Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign of the American Civil War. The Union army was led by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman and the Confederate army by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston.  Confederates were forced to evacuate their strong position due to a Union flanking movement.

Whitfield County, Georgia
Whitfield County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census shows a population of 102,864. The county seat is Dalton. The county was created on December 30, 1851, and named after George Whitefield, Methodist evangelist. The "e" was omitted to reflect the pronunciation of his name.

Whitfield County is part of the Dalton metropolitan area, Georgia, which is also included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton combined statistical area.
Peak halyard
In sailing, the peak halyard (or peak for short) is a line that raises the end of a gaff, which is further from the mast, as opposed to the throat halyard that raises the end, which is nearer to the mast. Such rigging was normal in classic gaff-rigged schooners and in other ships with fore-and-aft rigging. It is absent in Bermuda rig boats.

The peak halyard is either bent to the gaff itself or to a wire gunter depending upon the mode of rigging.

Bermuda rig
Bermuda rig, Bermudian rig, or Marconi rig is a type of sailing rig that uses a triangular sail set abaft (behind) the mast. It is the typical configuration for most modern sailboats.: 52  Whilst commonly seen in sloop-rigged vessels, Bermuda rig is used in a range of configurations, for instance, a cutter or a schooner (where it may be used in conjunction with gaff rigged sails on other masts), and several other types.

Bermuda rig takes its name from Bermuda, where it was developed in the 17th century. The term Marconi, a reference to the inventor of the radio, Guglielmo Marconi, became associated with this configuration in the early 20th century, because the wires that stabilize the mast of a Bermuda rig reminded observers of the wires on early radio masts.
Savelugu Municipal District
Savelugu Municipal District is one of the sixteen districts in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Savelugu-Nanton District in 1988, which was created from the former West Dagomba District Council, until it was elevated to municipal district assembly status in March 2012 to become Savelugu-Nanton Municipal District. However, on 15 March 2018, the southern part of the district was split off to create Nanton District on 15 March 2018; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Savelugu Municipal District. The municipality is located in the northwest part of Northern Region and has Savelugu as its capital town.

West Dagomba District
West Dagomba District is a former district council that was located in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1975. However on 1988, it was split off into three new district assemblies: Tamale Municipal District (capital: Tamale), Savelugu-Nanton District (capital: Savelugu) and Tolon-Kumbungu District (capital: Tolon). The district assembly was located in the western part of Northern Region and had Tamale as its capital town.
Bukit Katil
Bukit Katil is a mukim and town in Melaka Tengah District, Malacca, Malaysia, which is administered by two local governments: Hang Tuah Jaya Municipal Council to the north and Historical Malacca City Council to the south.

Melaka Tengah District
Melaka Tengah District (translated as Central Malacca District), formerly known as Central District, is one of the three administrative districts in Malacca, Malaysia. It borders Alor Gajah District to the north and Jasin District to the east. The capital of the state, Malacca City, is located in this district. This district is the major destination of tourists in Malacca as most historical spots are situated within it.

Melaka Tengah is administered by two local authorities, mostly Malacca City Council (Malay: Majlis Bandaraya Melaka Bersejarah, MBMB) and a small portion in the north by Hang Tuah Jaya Municipal Council (Malay: Majlis Perbandaran Hang Tuah Jaya, MPHTJ).
Castellazzo family
The Castellazzo family was an Italian-Jewish family who settled at the beginning of the sixteenth century in Cairo, where several members occupied the rabbinate with distinction. The most important family members were the following:

David Conforte
David Conforte (c. 1618 – c. 1685) (Hebrew: דוד קונפורטי) was a Hebrew literary historian born in Salonica, author of the literary chronicle known by the title Ḳore ha-Dorot. Conforte was a compiler of Jewish bibliographic material whose chronicle contains information on Sephardic rabbis from the Ottoman Empire and Italy in the 16th and 17th centuries, and relies on the rabbinic chain of tradition via Zacuto, Daud, and Yahya as well as responsa literature.
The Bible Speaks Today
The Bible Speaks Today is a series of biblical commentaries published by the Inter-Varsity Press. It includes Old and New Testament commentaries as well as books on biblical themes. All the titles begin with "The Message of..."

Tremper Longman notes that the series is "readable, accurate, and relevant." John Stott's volume on Romans was a winner in the 1995 Christianity Today Book Awards.

Derek Tidball
Derek John Tidball is a British theologian, sociologist of religion, and Baptist minister. From 1995 to 2007 he was the principal of London Bible College which later took the name London School of Theology.
Nadir Çiftçi
Nadir Çiftçi (born 12 February 1992) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a forward for TFF Second League club Karaman FK. In a nomadic career he has played for Portsmouth, Kayserispor, NAC Breda, Dundee United, Celtic, Eskişehirspor, Pogoń Szczecin, Plymouth Argyle, Motherwell, Gençlerbirliği, Çaykur Rizespor, Samsunspor, Ankaragücü and St Johnstone.

Çiftçi represented the Netherlands under-17 team before switching national allegiance to the country of his birth, Turkey, when he played for their under-19 team.

2015–16 Scottish Premiership
The 2015–16 Scottish Premiership (known as the Ladbrokes Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the third season of the Scottish Premiership, the highest division of Scottish football. The season began on 1 August 2015. Celtic were the defending champions.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee, Dundee United, Hamilton Academical, Heart of Midlothian, Inverness CT, Kilmarnock, Motherwell, Partick Thistle, Ross County and St Johnstone.
Shahi Hammam
The Shahi Hammam (Punjabi: شاہی حمام, romanized: Shā(h)ī (H)a'mām; Urdu: شاہی حمام, romanized: Shāhī Hamām; lit. 'Royal Baths'), also known as the Wazir Khan Hammam, is a Turkish bath which was built in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, in 1635 C.E. during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan. It was built by chief physician to the Mughal Court, Ilam-ud-din Ansari, who was widely known as Wazir Khan. The baths were built to serve as a waqf, or endowment, for the maintenance of the Wazir Khan Mosque.

No longer used as a hammam, the baths were restored between 2013 and 2015 by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the Walled City of Lahore Authority, with much of the funding provided by the government of Norway. The restoration project was given an Award of Merit by UNESCO in 2016 for the hammam's successful conservation which returned it to its "former prominence."

Walled City of Lahore Authority
The Walled City of Lahore Authority is a governmental organisation established and funded by the Government of Punjab for the conservation, planning and development, regulation and management of the Walled City of Lahore, the historic fortified interior of Lahore in Punjab, Pakistan.

The organisation works autonomously and was established in 2012 after Provincial Assembly of the Punjab amended the Walled City of Lahore Bill 2011 to create the authority. It looks after the heritage sites in the area and specifies penalties for damaging buildings and runs the functions of the Old City of Lahore. The authority also helps promote cultural activities and tourism in Lahore.
NGC 5508
NGC 5508 is a very large and distant spiral galaxy located in the constellation Boötes. Its velocity relative to the cosmic microwave background is 11,615  ±  15 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble's law of 171 ± 12  Mpc (~558  million light-years). It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1882.

This galaxy is classified by all sources consulted, except Professor Seligman, as a lenticular galaxy. However, the image obtained from the SDSS survey clearly shows that it is a spiral galaxy.

According to the Simbad database, NGC 5508 is a LINER galaxy, i.e. a galaxy whose nucleus exhibits an emission spectrum characterized by broad lines of weakly ionized atoms.

The Hubble distance of neighboring galaxy PGC 50725 is 237.51 ± 16.63  Mpc (~775 million light-years), well beyond NGC 5508. Although they appear as neighbors on the celestial sphere, they do not form a physical galaxy pair.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.
Albert Laponneraye
Albert Laponneraye (8 May 1808 – 1 September 1849) was a French republican socialist and  journalist, popular historian, educator and an editor of Robespierre's writings. He was a representative of the Neo-Babouvist tendency in the 1840s, along with Richard Lahautière, Jean-Jacques Pillot and others. He combined Jacobin republicanism with egalitarian communism and anti-clericalism. He was influenced by the doctrines of Philippe Buonarroti and Étienne Cabet. In the 1830s and 40s Laponneraye was one of the best known advocates of republican communism. He is viewed as a forerunner of Karl Marx.

French Revolution of 1848
The French Revolution of 1848 (French: Révolution française de 1848), also known as the February Revolution (Révolution de février), was a period of civil unrest in France, in February 1848, that led to the collapse of the July Monarchy and the foundation of the French Second Republic. It sparked the wave of revolutions of 1848.

The revolution took place in Paris, and was preceded by the French government's crackdown on the campagne des banquets. Starting on 22 February as a large-scale protest against the government of François Guizot, it later developed into a violent uprising against the monarchy. After intense urban fighting, large crowds managed to take control of the capital, leading to the abdication of King Louis Philippe I on 24 February and the subsequent proclamation of the Second Republic.