hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Latinisation in the Soviet Union
Latinisation or latinization (Russian: латиниза́ция, romanized: latinizatsiya [ɫətʲɪnʲɪˈzat͡sɨjə]) was a campaign in the Soviet Union to adopt the Latin script during the 1920s and 1930s. Latinisation aimed to replace Cyrillic and traditional writing systems for all languages of the Soviet Union with Latin or Latin-based systems, or introduce them for languages that did not have a writing system. Latinisation began to slow in the Soviet Union during the 1930s and a Cyrillisation campaign was launched instead. Latinization had effectively ended by the 1940s. Most of these Latin alphabets are defunct and several (especially for languages in the Caucasus) contain multiple letters that do not have Unicode support as of 2023.

Languages of the Soviet Union
The languages of the Soviet Union consist of hundreds of different languages and dialects from several different language groups.

In 1922, it was decreed that all nationalities in the Soviet Union had the right to education in their own language. The new orthography used the Cyrillic, Latin, or Arabic alphabet, depending on geography and culture. After 1937, all languages that had received new alphabets after 1917 began using the Cyrillic alphabet. This way, it would be easier for linguistic minorities to learn to write both Russian and their native language. Moreover, the Armenian and Georgian, as well as the Baltic Soviet Socialist Republics were the only Soviet republics to maintain their writing systems        (Armenian, Georgian and Latin alphabets respectively).
Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
Following are lists of members of the Western Australian Legislative Council:

Prior to responsible government:

1832–1870

1870–1872

1872–1874

1874–1880

1880–1884

1884–1889

1889–1890

1890–1894

After responsible government:

Under the proportional representation constituency system:

1989–1993

1993–1997

1997–2001

2001–2005

2005–2009

2009–2013

2013–2017

2017–2021

2021–2025

Under the proportional representation state-wide constituency system:

2025–2029

Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council, 2009–2013
This is a list of members of the Western Australian Legislative Council between 22 May 2009 and 21 May 2013:

^ Labor East Metropolitan MLC Jock Ferguson died on 13 February 2010. Linda Savage was elected in a recount on 22 March 2010.

^ National Agricultural MLC Max Trenorden was defeated for party preselection in May 2012; fellow National Agricultural MLC Philip Gardiner, initially preselected, withdrew from the Nationals' ticket as a protest. Trenorden announced his candidacy for the next election as an independent in November 2012 and was joined by Gardiner in December.

^ National MLCs Mia Davies and Wendy Duncan resigned on 12 February 2013 to contest the Assembly seats of Central Wheatbelt and Kalgoorlie respectively. Martin Aldridge and Dave Grills were elected in recounts on 5 April 2013.
2018 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 2018 Grand Prix Hassan II was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 34th edition of the tournament and part of the 2018 ATP World Tour. It took place in Marrakesh, Morocco between 9 and 15 April 2018.

2018 ATP World Tour
The 2018 ATP World Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2018 tennis season. The 2018 ATP World Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP Finals, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series and the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF). Also included in the 2018 calendar are the Hopman Cup and the Next Gen ATP Finals, which do not distribute ranking points.
2008 UEFA Cup final
The 2008 UEFA Cup final was a football match that took place on 14 May 2008 at the City of Manchester Stadium in Manchester, England. It was the 37th annual final of the UEFA Cup, UEFA's second tier club football tournament.

The match, which was contested by Zenit Saint Petersburg of Russia and Rangers of Scotland, was won 2–0 by Zenit, with goals from Igor Denisov and Konstantin Zyryanov, to claim their first UEFA Cup title, making them only the second Russian side to win the competition, after CSKA Moscow in 2004–05. Zenit went on to play in the 2008 UEFA Super Cup, which they won after beating 2007–08 UEFA Champions League winners Manchester United 2–1.

The fixture is notable for having the largest travelling support in football history, with close to 200,000 Rangers fans travelling to Manchester for the occasion.

2007 Russian Premier League
The 2007 Russian Premier League was the 16th season of the Russian Football Championship, and the sixth under the current Russian Premier League name. The league was sponsored by insurance company Rosgosstrakh.

The season started on 10 March 2007 with the match between Luch-Energia and FC Moscow in Vladivostok, with the first goal of the season being scored by FC Moscow striker Héctor Bracamonte. It ended on 11 November 2007, when Zenit St. Petersburg claimed their first title with an away win over Saturn. Zenit became the second non-Moscow club to win the league, after Alania Vladikavkaz in 1995.

Spartak Moscow finished runners-up for the third consecutive season, while defending champions CSKA Moscow finished third.
CZW Cage of Death
The Cage of Death is Combat Zone Wrestling's biggest show since 1999. It always features the Cage of Death match, a steel cage with various weapons littered in the cage. Electrified cage walls, cacti, tables, light tubes, glass, thumbtacks, baseball bats, barbed wire, fire and numerous other weapons and objects have been used in it. The first two were simple either pin and/or submit to win cage matches with weapons littered in and around the cage. The Cage of Death also has different formats and stipulations: singles, tag team, or gauntlet. Each Cage of Death features two or more wrestlers in the cage. For Cage of Death 5, 6, and 7, WarGames stipulations were used.

2300 Arena
2300 Arena is a multipurpose indoor arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, used primarily for professional wrestling, boxing, mixed martial arts, and concert events. Originally known as Viking Hall, the venue has since been named XPW Arena, New Alhambra Sports & Entertainment Center, New Alhambra Arena, The Arena and Asylum Arena. It was known unofficially as the ECW Arena when it was home to Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1993 to 2001.

The venue has hosted professional wrestling broadcasts including the first ECW pay-per-view Barely Legal, the first Dragon Gate USA pay-per-view Enter the Dragon, and the WWE television special NXT 2300. It has hosted professional boxing broadcasts including Friday Night Fights and Wednesday Night Fights,  for which it was named ESPN2's 2006 Venue of the Year.

Recognized as the birthplace of American hardcore wrestling, the venue has been home to the Hardcore Hall of Fame since 2002.
Prehistory of Siberia
The Prehistory of Siberia is marked by several archaeologically distinct cultures. In the Chalcolithic, the cultures of western and southern Siberia were pastoralists, while the eastern taiga and the tundra were dominated by hunter-gatherers until the Late Middle Ages and even beyond. Substantial changes in society, economics and art indicate the development of nomadism in the Central Asian steppes in the first millennium BC.

Yenisei
The Yenisey or Yenisei (/ˌjɛnɪˈseɪ/, YEN-iss-AY; Russian: Енисе́й, pronounced [jɪnʲɪˈsʲej]) is the fifth-longest river system in the world, and the largest to drain into the Arctic Ocean.

Rising in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course through Lake Baikal and the Krasnoyarsk Dam before draining into the Yenisey Gulf in the Kara Sea. The Yenisey divides the Western Siberian Plain in the west from the Central Siberian Plateau to the east; it drains a large part of central Siberia. Its delta is formed between the Gyda Peninsula and the Taymyr Peninsula.

It is the central one of three large Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Ob and the Lena). The maximum depth of the Yenisey is 61 metres (200 ft) and the average depth is 14 metres (45 ft).
Alec Newboult
Sir Alexander Theodore Newboult, KBE, CMG, MC, ED (3 January 1896 – 5 January 1964) was a British colonial administrator. He was Chief Secretary of the Federation of Malaya from 1946 to 1950. During that period, he was Officer Administering the Government of Malaya from July to October 1948 after the death of Sir Edward Gent.

Newboult was the elder son of the Rev. A. W. Newboult. His younger brother was the mathematician Harold Oliver Newboult. He was educated at Oakwood School and Kingswood School and Exeter College, Oxford. During the First World War, he served with the Royal Naval Division and the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry, being awarded the Military Cross in 1918. He then joined the Colonial Administrative Service, beginning his service in Malaya in 1920. He went to Fiji as Colonial Secretary in 1942, after the Japanese invasion of Malaya, and remained in the colony until his return in Malaya. He retired from the service in 1950.

Kingswood School
Kingswood School is a private day and boarding school in Bath, Somerset, England. The school is coeducational and educates over 1,000 pupils aged 9 months to 18 years. It was founded by John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, in 1748, and is the world's oldest Methodist educational institution. The school was established to provide an education for the sons of colliers and Methodist ministers. It owns the Kingswood Preparatory School, the Upper and Middle Playing Fields and a number of other buildings.
Block Elements
Block Elements is a Unicode block containing square block symbols of various fill and shading. Used along with block elements are box-drawing characters, shade characters, and terminal graphic characters. These can be used for filling regions of the screen and portraying drop shadows. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Blocks.

Unicode block
A Unicode block is one of several contiguous ranges of numeric character codes (code points) of the Unicode character set that are defined by the Unicode Consortium for administrative and documentation purposes.  Typically, proposals such as the addition of new glyphs are discussed and evaluated by considering the relevant block or blocks as a whole.

Each block is generally, but not always, meant to supply glyphs used by one or more specific languages, or in some general application area such as mathematics, surveying, decorative typesetting, social forums, etc.
Silence is Goldfish
Silence is Goldfish is the third novel by Annabel Pitcher. It tells the story of a girl named Tess who, upon discovering a family secret, decides to stop talking as a result of her rage. All her life she's had a pressure to please her parents and be a certain way, so decides to completely withdraw from everyone and everything she's ever known.

The book was published in 2015 by Indigo, an imprint of Orion Children's Books.

Orion Publishing Group
Orion Publishing Group Ltd is a British book publisher. It was founded in 1991 and acquired Weidenfeld & Nicolson the following year. The group has published numerous bestselling books by notable authors including Ian Rankin, Michael Connelly, Nemir Kirdar, and Quentin Tarantino.
Bierlikör
Bierlikör, or beer liqueur, is a beer-flavored liqueur, traditionally produced in the German state of Bavaria. As the term is not legally protected, individual products vary. Bierlikör can be made at home, but is also available commercially.

Liqueur
A liqueur (UK: /lɪˈkjʊər/ ⓘ li-KURE, US: /lɪˈkɜːr/ li-KUR; French: [likœʁ]) is an alcoholic drink composed of spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-aged, beyond a resting period during production, when necessary, for their flavors to mingle.

Liqueurs are historical descendants of herbal medicines. They were made in France as early as the 13th century, often prepared by monks (for example, Chartreuse). Today they are produced all over the world, commonly served neat, over ice, with coffee, in cocktails, and used in cooking.
Thornlea station
Thornlea station was a station in Ontario, Canada served by CN commuter trains bound for Capreol/Parry Sound. The station was 16 miles north of Toronto Union. The station closed when CN's commuter services through the Bala Subdivision were discontinued.

GO Transit's Richmond Hill line operates services through the station's site but trains don't call at Thornlea station, instead calling at new stations in Old Cummer and Langstaff.

Parry Sound station
The community of Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada has two railway stations, both of which are currently in use by Via Rail.

In December 2005, CN and CP implemented a plan to reduce train congestion on their parallel lines in central Ontario through the Parry Sound area.  Consequently, westbound trains from both railways use the CP tracks while eastbound trains use the CN tracks. This has resulted in Via Rail using the CPR station for passengers taking the westbound Canadian and using the CNR station for eastbound trains.
Utah's 24th State Senate district
The 24th Utah Senate District is located in Juab, Piute, Sanpete, Sevier, Tooele and Wayne Counties and includes Utah House Districts 1, 21, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 73. The current State Senator representing the 24th district is Ralph Okerlund, a Republican from Monroe who replaced Darin Peterson. Peterson opted not to pursue re-election in 2008 due to health concerns. Okerlund defeated Tobiah "Toby" Dillon (D) from Tooele City, and Benton L. Peterson (C) from Manti in the 2008 election.

Sevier County, Utah
Sevier County (/sɛˈvɪər/ sə-VEER) is a county in Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 21,522. Its county seat and largest city is Richfield.

Pando, a clonal quaking aspen stand, that, according to some sources, is the oldest (80,000 years) and largest (106 acres, 13 million pounds) organism on Earth, is located in this county.
IRAK4
IRAK-4 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4), in the IRAK family, is a protein kinase involved in signaling innate immune responses from Toll-like receptors. It also supports signaling from T-cell receptors. IRAK4 contains domain structures which are similar to those of IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3 and Pelle. IRAK4 is unique compared to IRAK1, IRAK2 and IRAKM in that it functions upstream of the other IRAKs, but is more similar to Pelle in this trait. IRAK4 has important clinical applications.

Animals without IRAK-4 are more susceptible to viruses and bacteria but completely resistant to LPS challenge.

IRAK3
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IRAK3 gene. Using in vivo liposome-mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid expressing IRAK3 gRNA, IRAK3 was shown to be responsible for endotoxin-induced expression of A20 and VE-cadherin in endothelial cells. Thus, IRAK3 is crucial for maintenance and repair of endothelial barrier after endotoxin-induced lung injury.
Katarzynka, Łódź Voivodeship
Katarzynka [kataˈʐɨnka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Drużbice, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Drużbice, 9 km (6 mi) north of Bełchatów, and 39 km (24 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Drużbice
Drużbice [druʐˈbit͡sɛ] is a village in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Drużbice. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north of Bełchatów and 36 km (22 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Photo response non-uniformity
Photo response non-uniformity, pixel response non-uniformity, or PRNU, is a form of fixed-pattern noise related to digital image sensors, as used in cameras and optical instruments. Both CCD and CMOS sensors are two-dimensional arrays of photosensitive cells, each broadly corresponding to an image pixel. Due to the non-uniformity of image sensors, each cell responds with a different voltage level when illuminated with a uniform light source, and this leads to luminance inaccuracy at the pixel level.

Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a major technology used in digital imaging.
2024–25 North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's basketball team
The 2024–25 North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's basketball team represented the University of North Dakota during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Fighting Hawks were led by sixth-year head coach Paul Sather and played their home games at the Betty Engelstad Sioux Center in Grand Forks, North Dakota as members of the Summit League.

The Fighting Hawks finished the season 12–21, 5–11 in Summit League play, to finish in a tie for sixth place. In the Summit League tournament, they defeated No. 3 seed South Dakota State in the quarterfinals, but were eliminated by No. 2 seed St. Thomas in the semifinals.

2024–25 Summit League men's basketball season
The 2024–25 Summit League men's basketball season started non-conference play on November 4, 2024, and began conference play on January 2, 2025. The regular season ended on March 1, 2025, and set up the 2025 Summit League men's basketball tournament which took place from March 5 to 9, 2025.
Omaha finished league play with a 13–3 record as the regular season champion. The Mavericks would go on to win the Summit League tournament, defeating St. Thomas. In the program's first NCAA tournament, Omaha was seeded 15th in the West region and played 2nd seeded St. John's. The Mavericks would fall to the Red Storm, 53–83.
2011 North Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to North Tyneside Metropolitan Council took place on 5 May 2011 on the same day as other council elections in England and the UK AV referendum.

North Tyneside Council is elected "in thirds" which means one councillor from each three-member ward is elected each year with a fourth year when the mayoral election takes place.

One third of the councillors were elected in 2007. The Labour Party gained 6 seats, and lost none. giving them an overall majority of councillors. The Conservative Party remain in control however as the mayor continues to be Linda Arkley. Arkley now has to seek the support of other parties to get her budget passed as the Conservatives lost 5 seats and the 20 seats required to pass such legislature. The Liberal Democrats also lost one seat for the second consecutive year. Labour won 14 seats in 2010 and 2011 combined, with the Conservative losing 12, switching the balance of power in the council chamber.

2007 North Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to North Tyneside Metropolitan Council took place on 3 May 2007 on the same day as other local council elections in England.

North Tyneside Council is elected "in thirds" which means one councillor from each three-member ward is elected each year for the first three years with a fourth year when the mayoral election takes place.

Against the national trend, the only gain was made by David Corkey of the Labour Party in Chirton Ward, from an Independent candidate, so the council remains in no overall control, but with the Conservative Party having the most councillors overall.
Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee
The Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee (Chinese: 香港基督教工業委員會, also called as HKCIC) is a non-governmental pressure group that focuses on labor welfare policy and industrial safety. The group was founded in 1966, originally as a unit of the Hong Kong Christian Council, and became an auxiliary organization later to gain more independence. Its predecessor was the Christian Industrial Evangelism Committee, which was a study group formed in 1961.

Its special focus in 2001 was on the working conditions of toy workers for Hasbro, Mattel, McDonald's and Disney in Southern China. Since then the group has not published any more recent content on its website.

Active members include Rev. Chu Yiu-ming, one of the founders of Occupy Central with Love and Peace.

Hong Kong Christian Council
The Hong Kong Christian Council (Also known as HKCC; Chinese: 香港基督教協進會) is a Christian ecumenical organization founded in Hong Kong in 1954. It is a member of the World Council of Churches and the Christian Conference of Asia. The current general secretary is Rev Dr Lo Lung-kwong, the previous Director of the Divinity School of Chung Chi College, Chinese University of Hong Kong, effective from 1 July 2018.

Although not all Protestant churches in Hong Kong are members of the Christian Council, the HKCC assists to select the election committee of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong in the Protestant sector.

Notable leaders include Rev. Kwok Nai-wang, a senior pastor of the Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China.

The Hong Kong Christian Service is the service arm of the Hong Kong Christian Council. All Executive Committee members of the Hong Kong Christian Council are members of the Hong Kong Christian Service.
Integration of immigrants in Germany
The integration of immigrants in Germany describes the historical development, political frameworks and social dynamics through which migrants and refugees have been incorporated into German society since 1945.

Wilhelm Heitmeyer
Wilhelm Heitmeyer (born 28 June 1945, in Nettelstedt, Germany) is sociologist and professor of education specializing in socialisation. From 1996 to 2013 he headed the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (IKG) at Bielefeld University. Since retiring as director, he has held the position of Senior Research Professor at IKG.
The Soft Weapon
"The Soft Weapon" is a science fiction short story by the American writer Larry Niven, set in his Known Space universe. It was first published in the February 1967 issue of If.

The story introduces the character of Nessus, a Puppeteer who later became one of the main characters of the novel Ringworld. The story is retold, from the point of view of Nessus, in Juggler of Worlds.

"The Soft Weapon" has been included in the short story collections Neutron Star (1968) and Playgrounds of the Mind (1991).

Ringworld
Ringworld is a 1970 science fiction novel by Larry Niven, set in his Known Space universe and considered a classic of science fiction literature. Ringworld tells the story of Louis Wu and his companions on a mission to the Ringworld, an enormous rotating ring, an alien construct in space 186 million miles (299 million kilometres) in diameter. Niven later wrote three sequel novels and then cowrote, with Edward M. Lerner, four prequels and a final sequel; the five latter novels constitute the Fleet of Worlds series. All the novels in the Ringworld series tie into numerous other books set in Known Space. Ringworld won the Nebula Award in 1970, as well as both the Hugo Award and Locus Award in 1971.