hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vekil
Vekil or Vakil was the term used for the deputies and de facto prime ministers of the Mughal Emperor in Mughal administration. He was considered the most powerful person after Emperor in the Mughal Empire. Vakil was one of the highest positions in the hierarchy of Safavid Iran, denoting the viceroy in the administrative and some religious affairs of the realm.: 17

While in the Ottoman Empire, the viziers were considered "absolute delegates" (vekil-i mutlak) of the Ottoman Sultan.

Vizier
A Vizier (/ˈvɪziər/; Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr; Persian: وزیر, romanized: vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the countries of "greater Persia". The Abbasid caliphs gave the title wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary), who was at first merely a helper but afterwards became the representative and successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian kings.

In modern usage, the term has been used for government ministers in much of the Middle East and beyond. Several alternative spellings are used in English, such as vizir, wazir, and vezir.

A collection of Vizier may introduce a Grand Vizier, within their civilization.
Zmiiv
Zmiiv or Zmiyiv (Ukrainian: Зміїв) from 1976 to 1990, is a city in Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zmiiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population in 2001 was 17,063, falling to 13,737 (2022 estimate).

The town is located 42 kilometres (26 mi) from Kharkiv. In 1976-1990, the city was called Gotwald (Ukrainian: Готвальд) in honor of the Czechoslovak communist and politician Klement Gottwald.

Until 2020, Zmiiv was the administrative centre of Zmiiv Raion, before it was merged into Chuhuiv Raion as part of that year's administrative reform.

Pechenegs
The Pechenegs (/ˈpɛtʃənɛɡ/) or Patzinaks, also known as Pecheneg Turks, were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia who spoke the Pecheneg language. In the 9th and 10th centuries, the Pechenegs controlled much of the steppes of southeast Europe and the Crimean Peninsula. In the 9th century, the Pechenegs began a period of wars against Rus', and for more than two centuries launched raids into the lands of Rus', which sometimes escalated into full-scale wars.
Arkansas National Guard Museum
Lloyd England Hall is a historic building at the northwest corner of 6th and Missouri Streets, on the grounds of Camp Joseph T. Robinson, an Arkansas National Guard base in North Little Rock, Arkansas.  It is a Spanish Revival structure, designed by the Little Rock architectural firm of Thompson, Sanders, and Ginnochio, and built in 1931, when the facility was known as Camp Pike. It was originally built as an auditorium and meeting hall. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. From October 1998 to July 1998, the building was renovated at a cost of $300,000 and is now home to the Arkansas National Guard Museum.

Arkansas National Guard
The Arkansas National Guard (ARNG), commonly known as the Arkansas Guard, is a component of the Government of Arkansas and the National Guard of the United States. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. The adjutant general's office is located at Camp Robinson MTC, North Little Rock.
Diocese of Bambari
The Diocese of Bambari (Latin: Dioecesis Bambaritana) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in the Central African Republic. The diocese is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Bangui, which covers the Central African Republic, but depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

The diocese's episcopal see is Bambari. Its cathedral and is Cathédrale Saint Joseph, dedicated to Saint Joseph, in Bambari, Ouaka.

Ouaka
Ouaka [wa.ka] is one of the 20 prefectures of the Central African Republic. It borders the Democratic Republic of the Congo, covers an area of 49,900 km2, and has a population of 276,710 (2003 census). In 2024, official estimates suggest the population reached 459,412 inhabitants.

The prefecture is named after the Ouaka River and its capital is Bambari.
Conditum
Conditum, piperatum, or konditon (κόνδιτον) is a family of spiced wines in ancient Roman and Byzantine cuisine.

The Latin name translates roughly as "spiced". Recipes for conditum viatorium (traveler's spiced wine) and conditum paradoxum (surprise spiced wine) are found in De re coquinaria. This conditum paradoxum includes wine, honey, pepper, mastic, laurel, saffron, date seeds and dates soaked in wine.

In the Levant of the 4th-century CE, the main ingredients of conditum were wine, honey and pepper corns. Conditum was considered to be a piquant wine.

A 10th-century redaction of an earlier Greek Byzantine agricultural work brings down the relative portions of each ingredient:

Let eight scruples (~10g) of pepper [corns] washed and dried and carefully pounded; one sextarius (~ 550ml) of Attic honey, and four or five sextarii (~2.5l)of old white wine, be mixed.

Byzantine cuisine
Byzantine cuisine was the continuation of local ancient Greek cuisine, ancient Roman cuisine, and Mediterranean cuisine. Byzantine trading with foreigners brought in grains, sugar, livestock, fruits, vegetables, and spices that would otherwise be limited to specific geographical climates.

Cooks experimented with new combinations of food, creating two styles in the process. These were the eastern (Asia Minor and the eastern Aegean), consisting of Byzantine cuisine supplemented by trade items, and a leaner style primarily based on local Greek cuisine culture.
Pena Palace
The Pena Palace (Portuguese: Palácio da Pena) is a Romanticist palace in São Pedro de Penaferrim, in the municipality of Sintra, on the Portuguese Riviera. The castle stands on the top of a hill in the Sintra Mountains above the town of Sintra, and on a clear day it can be easily seen from Lisbon and much of its metropolitan area. It is a national monument and constitutes one of the major expressions of 19th-century Romanticism in the world. The palace is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the Seven Wonders of Portugal. It is also used for state occasions by the President of the Portuguese Republic and other government officials.

Hieronymites
The Hieronymites (also spelled Jeronymites or Jeronimites, also formally known as the Order of Saint Jerome (Latin: Ordo Sancti Hieronymi; abbreviated OSH), is a Catholic cloistered religious order and a common name for several congregations of hermit monks living according to the Rule of Saint Augustine, though the role principle of their lives is that of the 5th-century hermit and biblical scholar Jerome.

The principal group with this name was founded in the Iberian Peninsula around the 14th century. Their religious habit is a white tunic with a brown, hooded scapular and a brown mantle. For liturgical services, they wear a brown cowl.
2009 Copa Sudamericana finals
The 2009 Copa Sudamericana finals was a two-legged football match-up to determine the 2009 Copa Sudamericana champion. It was contested by Ecuadorian club LDU Quito and Brazilian club Fluminense. Both teams were playing in their first Copa Sudamericana finals. The first leg was played in Estadio Casa Blanca in Quito on 25 November, and the host team LDU Quito won 5–1. The second leg was played in Estádio Mário Filho, better known as Maracanã, in Rio de Janeiro on 2 December and the host team Fluminese won 3–0, but LDU Quito won 5–4 on aggregate and was thus crowned the champions. Coincidentally, the finals were a rematch of the 2008 Copa Libertadores finals, which were contested under similar circumstances 17 months prior to the day.

2009 Copa Sudamericana
The 2009 Copa Sudamericana de Clubes (officially the 2009 Copa Nissan Sudamericana de Clubes for sponsorship reasons) is the 8th edition of the CONMEBOL's secondary international club tournament. Internacional were the defending champions, having won the trophy the previous season. Ecuadorian side LDU Quito won the 2009 tournament, becoming the first Ecuadorian winners of the trophy.

From this edition onward, CONCACAF teams, which have participated in the tournament since 2005, will no longer be participating because of the format change in the CONCACAF Champions League, which conflicted with scheduling. This will also mark the last tournament in which Argentine clubs River Plate and Boca Juniors will be invited to participate without qualification. Further changes include the additional allocation of berths (1) to all the countries except Brazil and Argentina.
Bere Ferrers
Bere Ferrers, sometimes called Beerferris, is a village and civil parish on the Bere peninsula in West Devon in the English county of Devon.  It is located to the north of Plymouth, on the west bank of the River Tavy. It has a railway station on the Tamar Valley Line.

The civil parish includes the whole of the Bere peninsula, including the village of Bere Alston and the smaller settlements of Tuckermarsh, Rumleigh, Buttspill, Braunder, Cotts, Hewton, Weir Quay, Clamoak, Gnatham and Collytown. In 2001 the parish had a population of 3,066; this had decreased to 2,989 in 2011.

Weir Quay
Weir Quay is a place on the banks of the River Tamar in Devon, England.  It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) south west of the village of Bere Alston.

Weir Quay is where the Tamar estuary narrows into the tidal river.  The Tamar was navigable by seagoing ships of up to 400 register tons as far inland as here.
35th New York State Legislature
The 35th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 28 to June 19, 1812, during the fifth year of Daniel D. Tompkins's governorship, in Albany.

Seneca County, New York
Seneca County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,814. The primary county seat is Waterloo, moved there from the original county seat of Ovid in 1819. It became a two-shire county in 1822, which currently remains in effect and uses both locations as county seats although the majority of Seneca County administrative offices are located in Waterloo. Therefore, most political sources list only Waterloo as the county seat. The county's name comes from the Seneca Nation of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), who occupied part of the region. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Seneca County comprises the Seneca Falls, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY Combined Statistical Area.
Afrocascudo
Afrocascudo is a controversial genus of extinct neopterygian fish, either an ancient loricariid catfish or a juvenile obaichthyid lepisosteiform of the genus Obaichthys. It is known from the Late Cretaceous Douira Formation (Kem Kem Group) of Morocco. The genus contains a single species, A. saharaensis, known from a partial articulated specimen.

Odontode
Odontodes, or dermal teeth, are hard structures found on the external surfaces of animals or near internal openings. They consist of a soft pulp cavity surrounded by dentine and covered by a mineralised substance such as enamel, a structure similar to that of teeth. They generally do not have the same function as teeth, and are not replaced the same way teeth are in most fish. In some animals (notably catfish), the presence or size of odontodes can be used in determining the sex.

Odontodes typically cover the body of chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes), while mineralized dermal scales are characteristic of bony fishes. During the evolution to bony fishes, ancestral odontodes have been modified to become dermal scales, including elasmoid scales in teleosteans.
X3: Reunion
X3: Reunion is a single-player space trading and combat video game developed by Egosoft and published by Deep Silver. It is the third installment in the X series and the sequel to X2: The Threat (2003), which in turn followed X: Beyond the Frontier (1999). X3: Reunion was released originally for Windows in 2005. The game was later ported to Mac OS X and Linux.

Egosoft have continued to expand and develop the game since release, adding new ships and equipment, a new kind of station, new modding tools, and a new series of missions. New material for the game – official and fan-made – is frequently released through Egosoft's official website.

Single-player video game
A single-player video game is a video game where input from only one player is expected throughout the gameplay. Video games in general can feature several game modes, including single-player modes designed to be played by a single player in addition to multi-player modes.

Most modern console games, PC games and arcade games are designed so that they can be played by a single player; although many of these games have modes that allow two or more players to play (not necessarily simultaneously), very few actually require more than one player for the game to be played. The Unreal Tournament series is one example of such.
121 Hermione
121 Hermione is a very large binary asteroid discovered in 1872. It orbits in the Cybele group in the far outer asteroid belt. As an asteroid of the dark C spectral type, it is probably composed of carbonaceous materials. In 2002, a small moon was found to be orbiting Hermione.

W. M. Keck Observatory
The W. M. Keck Observatory is an astronomical observatory with two telescopes at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Both telescopes have 10 m (33 ft) aperture primary mirrors, and, when completed in 1993 (Keck I) and 1996 (Keck II), they were the largest optical reflecting telescopes in the world. They have been the third and fourth largest since 2006.
Mont-Tremblant National Park
Mont-Tremblant National Park (French: Parc national du Mont-Tremblant, pronounced [paʁk nɑsjɔnal dy mɔ̃ tʁɑ̃blɑ̃]) is a provincial park in Canada located north of the town of Mont-Tremblant, and the village of Saint-Donat and Saint-Côme, in the administrative regions of Laurentides and Lanaudière, in Quebec, in Canada.

It is Quebec's oldest provincial park and its fourth largest after Kuururjuaq National Park. It takes its name from Mont Tremblant. Several summer and winter activities include cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, short and long hiking hut, canoe lake and river kayaking, mountain biking, backcountry camping and swimming in lakes, such as Lake Lauzon clear water. The park is managed by the Quebec government and its Société des établissements de plein air du Québec (SÉPAQ).

Les Laurentides Regional County Municipality
Les Laurentides (French pronunciation: [le lɔʁɑ̃tid], The Laurentians) is a regional county municipality in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada. The seat is in Mont-Blanc.  It is named after the Laurentian Mountains.

The population was 50,777 according to the 2021 Canadian Census.
Eljero Elia
Eljero George Rinaldo Elia (born 13 February 1987) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a winger.

He turned professional at ADO Den Haag and then played for Twente before moving abroad to represent Hamburger SV, Juventus and Werder Bremen. In 2015, he came back to his home country to play for Feyenoord before moving to İstanbul Başakşehir in 2017. After three seasons in Turkey he returned to the Netherlands to play a season at Utrecht and another at his boyhood club ADO Den Haag, where he retired in 2022.

Elia scored on his debut for Netherlands in September 2009 and was part of the Netherlands squad which reached the final of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

2019–20 Süper Lig
The 2019–20 Süper Lig, officially called the Süper Lig Cemil Usta season, was the 62nd season of the Süper Lig, the highest tier football league of Turkey. The season was named after Cemil Usta, a former Turkey national team player and Trabzonspor legend. Galatasaray were the defending champions. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, The Ministry of Youth and Sports announced on 12 March 2020 that matches would be played behind closed doors until the end of April, before indefinitely suspending matches altogether on 19 March. After a hiatus of nearly three months, the season resumed behind closed doors on 12 June 2020, with eight rounds still to play. The season ended with matches played on 26 July 2020, and without relegations.

İstanbul Başakşehir clinched their first league title, on July 20, 2020 with a 1-0 win against Kayserispor, 1 week to spare.
Battle of Pentemili beachhead
Pentemili is the Cypriot beach where troops first landed on the morning of 20 July 1974 in the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. It is located 5 miles (8 km) west of Kyrenia, thus the name. For three days (20–22 July 1974), heavy fighting took place around the beachhead between Turkish and Greek Cypriot forces.

M47 Patton
The M47 Patton was an American medium tank, a development of the M46 Patton mounting an updated turret, and was in turn further developed as the M48 Patton. It was the second American tank to be named after General George S. Patton, commander of the U.S. Third Army during World War II and one of the earliest American advocates of tanks in battle.

The M47 was the U.S. Army's and Marine Corps' primary tank, intended to replace the M26 Pershing and M46 Patton medium tanks. The M47 was widely used by U.S. Cold War allies, both SEATO and NATO countries, and was the only Patton series tank that never saw combat while in US service.

Although the later M48s and M60s were similar in appearance, those were completely new tank designs. Many different M47 Patton models remain in service internationally. The M47 was the last US tank to have a bow-mounted machine gun in the hull.
Kim Yong-woo
Kim Yong-woo (Korean: 김용우; Hanja: 金用雨; April 29, 1912 – September 13, 1985) was the first Tiger Scout and former Minister of National Defense, served as the Chief Scout of the Korea Scout Association.

In 1975, Kim was awarded the 100th Bronze Wolf Award, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting, at the 25th World Scout Conference.

Tiger Scout (Korea Scout Association)
The Tiger Scout (Korean: 범스카우트) is the highest rank and award a Scout or Venture Scout can achieve in the Korea Scout Association.

The Tiger Scout Association of Korea is the organization of the members who have achieved the Tiger Scout award.
Guy I, Count of Ligny
Guy I of Luxembourg-Ligny (1340 – 23 August 1371) was Count of Saint-Pol (1360–1371) and Count of Ligny, Lord of Roussy and Beauvoir (1364–1371).

He was the son of John I and Alix of Dampierre, dame de Richebourg.

Guy participated in the Battle of Baesweiler (present-day Germany), a conflict between his relative Wenceslaus I of Luxembourg, husband of the Duchess of Brabant on the one side, and William II, Duke of Jülich and Edward, Duke of Guelders on the other side. Guy was killed during the battle.

County of Saint-Pol
The county of Saint-Pol (or Sint-Pols) was a county around the French city of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise (Sint-Pols-aan-de-Ternas) on the border of Artois and Picardy, formerly the county of Ternois.

For a long time the county belonged to Flanders, and then from the early 11th century until the end of the 12th century it remained in the hands of the Campdavaine family, before passing to the Châtillon family then the Luxembourg family.

The best-known count was Louis, the constable of Saint-Pol.  He was extradited to Louis XI of France by Charles the Bold, and in 1475 Louis beheaded him for high treason. In 1493, Saint-Pol was transferred to the Holy Roman Empire by the Treaty of Senlis; in 1537, Emperor Charles V destroyed the capital city. The county was annexed to Artois in 1787 then France in 1790.

House of Flanders

House of Campdavaine

House of Châtillon

House of Luxemburg
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3 – Men's 10000 metres
The men's 10000 metres race of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 3, arranged in the Alau Ice Palace, in Astana, Kazakhstan, was held on 1 December 2013.

Sven Kramer of the Netherlands won the race, extending his winning streak from the start of the season, while Alexis Contin of France came second, and Patrick Beckert of Germany came third. Douwe de Vries of the Netherlands won the Division B race.

2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3
The third competition weekend of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in the Alau Ice Palace in Astana, Kazakhstan, from Friday, 29 November, until Sunday, 1 December 2013. It was previously announced to be in Heerenveen, Netherlands.

There were no new world records this weekend, but Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea set a new low-altitude record on the women's 500 metres on Friday, as she skated the fastest time recorded on any rink outside Calgary and Salt Lake City, continuing her winning streak from the start of the season through Saturday's race. Shani Davis of the United States and Sven Kramer of the Netherlands also continued their unbeaten streaks, on the men's 1000 metres and 5000/10000 meters, respectively.
The Second Three Years
The Second Three Years is a compilation album by singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released 18 November 2011 through Xtra Mile Recordings and 16 January 2012 through Epitaph Records.

The album compiles material recorded after the release of Turner's first compilation, The First Three Years, that does not appear on either of Turner's two successive studio albums, including tracks from EPs, singles, covers and unreleased material.

The First Three Years
The First Three Years is a compilation album by singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released 1 December 2008 through Xtra Mile Recordings. The compilation is also included on the re-release of Love Ire & Song, released 26 January 2009. The album itself is only available directly from Xtra Mile.

The album compiles material that does not appear on either of Turner's first two studio albums, including tracks from early EPs, split singles, covers and unreleased material. The collection also includes a cover of "Smiling at Strangers on Trains" – Turner's former band, Million Dead's, first single.

The title and cover artwork reference the Black Flag album The First Four Years, a similar compilation of early material.
Plate detector (radio)
In electronics, a plate detector (anode bend detector, grid bias detector) is a vacuum tube circuit in which an amplifying tube having a control grid is operated in a non-linear region of its grid voltage versus plate current transfer characteristic, usually near plate current cutoff, to demodulate amplitude modulated carrier signal. This differs from the grid leak detector, which utilizes the non-linearity of the grid voltage versus grid current characteristic for demodulation. It also differs from the diode detector, which is a two-terminal device.

Control grid
The control grid is an electrode used in amplifying thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) such as the triode, tetrode and pentode, used to control the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode (plate) electrode.  The control grid usually consists of a cylindrical screen or helix of fine wire surrounding the cathode, and is surrounded in turn by the anode.  The control grid was invented by Lee De Forest, who in 1906  added a grid to the Fleming valve (thermionic diode) to create the first amplifying vacuum tube, the Audion (triode).
Mücver
Mücver is a Turkish fritter or pancake, made from grated zucchini (courgette). They are typically pan-fried in oil and their batter often includes a mixture of eggs, onion, dill, parsley, flour, and sometimes potatoes and cheese (beyaz peynir or kaşar). They are similar to Jewish latkes and potato pancakes from various cultures.

Fritter
A fritter is a portion of meat, seafood, fruit, vegetables, or other ingredients which have been battered or breaded, or just a portion of dough without further ingredients, that is deep-fried. Fritters are prepared in both sweet and savory varieties.