hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joyal model structure
In higher category theory in mathematics, the Joyal model structure is a special model structure on the category of simplicial sets. It consists of three classes of morphisms between simplicial sets called fibrations, cofibrations and weak equivalences, which fulfill the properties of a model structure. Its fibrant objects are all ∞-categories and it furthermore models the homotopy theory of CW complexes up to homotopy equivalence, with the correspondence between simplicial sets and CW complexes being given by the geometric realization and the singular functor. The Joyal model structure is named after André Joyal.

Model category
In mathematics, particularly in homotopy theory, a model category is a category with distinguished classes of morphisms ('arrows') called 'weak equivalences', 'fibrations' and 'cofibrations' satisfying certain axioms relating them. These abstract from the category of topological spaces or of chain complexes (derived category theory). The concept was introduced by Daniel G. Quillen (1967).

In recent decades, the language of model categories has been used in some parts of algebraic K-theory and algebraic geometry, where homotopy-theoretic approaches led to deep results.
Fighting (BSS song)
"Fighting" (Korean: 파이팅 해야지) is a song recorded by BSS featuring Lee Young-ji. It was released on February 6, 2023, as the lead single of their first single album, Second Wind, which marked the group's first release in five years after their debut single "Just Do It". "Fighting" was written by Woozi, Bumzu, Hoshi, DK, Seungkwan, Lee Young-ji, S.Coups, and Park Gi-tae. The song topped the Billboard Japan Hot 100 and debuted at number five on South Korea's Circle Digital Chart. In the United States, it entered the top 10 of the World Digital Song Sales chart. BSS performed the track at the 12th Circle Chart Music Awards and on various South Korean music programs, winning eight music program awards.

Lee Young-ji
Lee Young-ji (Korean: 이영지; born September 10, 2002) is a South Korean rapper. She is the winner of High School Rapper 3 and Show Me the Money 11 as well as the host of the web talk show Not Much Prepared. She released her first extended play 16 Fantasy on June 21, 2024.
Puerto Rico Highway 54
Puerto Rico Highway 54 (PR-54) is a short divided highway located in Guayama, Puerto Rico and is mainly a by-pass route from Puerto Rico Highway 3 out of Downtown Guayama to Puerto Rico Highway 53. The government of Puerto Rico named the stretch of highway that extends from PR-54, in Guayama, to PR-52, in Salinas Autopista José M. Dávila Monsanto in honor of the late Puerto Rican political leader José M. Dávila Monsanto.

PR-54 allows people to access PR-3 from PR-53 without having to enter downtown Guayama

Guayama welcome sign from Highway 54

Puerto Rico Highway 3
Puerto Rico Highway 3 (PR-3) at nearly 100 miles long, is the second-longest highway on Puerto Rico (after PR-2). It connects the San Juan neighborhood of Río Piedras to downtown Salinas indirectly around the eastern coast of the island. Highway 3 ranges from a three lane urban avenue in San Juan to a one lane rural road past Fajardo. While other roads connect San Juan, it runs the coastline of Puerto Rico east of San Juan, beginning in Río Piedras near Santurce (where it is known as the Avenida 65 de Infantería) and goes to Fajardo where it goes south paralleling the coastline to Humacao and Maunabo. It goes up to a mountain-scenic route and goes west to Salinas, where it meets PR-1.
Świętego Floriana Street
Świętego Floriana Street is located in the downtown district of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Despite its short length of roughly 200 metres (660 ft), it features many notable buildings in a variety of architectural styles, including Eclectic, Art Nouveau and early modernist. The street is named after Saint Florian.

Józef Święcicki
Józef Święcicki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjuzɛf ɕfjɛ̃ˈt͡ɕit͡skʲi]; 9 March 1859 – 3 November 1913) was a designer and builder of Bydgoszcz, under Prussian rule. A vast majority of his eclectic-style works can still be found all around the city. Józef Swiecicki was part of architects and builders who gave a characteristic shape to the city at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, dominated by eclectic buildings with various styles, including Art Nouveau or Modernism.
Gabal El Uweinat
Mount Uwaynat or Gabal El Uweinat (Arabic: جبل العوينات Gabal El ʿUwaināt or Jabal al-ʿUwaināt, Arabic for 'Mountain of the springs')  is a mountain range in the area of the Egyptian-Libyan-Sudanese tripoint. Because of thousands of prehistoric rock art sites, it is considered an important witness to the development of early pastoralism in the Sahara.

Ralph Bagnold
Brigadier Ralph Alger Bagnold, OBE, FRS, (3 April 1896 – 28 May 1990) was an English 20th-century desert explorer, geologist, and soldier.

Bagnold served in the First World War as an engineer in the British Army.

In 1932, he staged the first recorded East-to-West crossing of the Libyan Desert. His work in the field of Aeolian processes was the basis for the book The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes, establishing the discipline of aeolian geomorphology, combining field work observations, experiments and physical equations. His work has been used by United States' space agency NASA in its study of the terrain of the planet Mars, the Bagnold Dunes on Mars' surface were named after him by the organisation.

He returned to the forces in the Second World War, in which he founded the behind-the-lines reconnaissance, espionage, and raiding unit the "Long Range Desert Group", serving as its first commanding officer in the North Africa campaign.
InterContinental Grand Stanford Hong Kong
InterContinental Grand Stanford Hong Kong is a five-star luxury hotel located in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is under the InterContinental hotel brand that is managed by IHG Hotels & Resorts.

InterContinental
InterContinental Hotels & Resorts is a luxury hotel brand created in 1946 by Pan Am founder Juan Trippe. It has been part of UK-based InterContinental Hotels Group since 1998.  As of January 2023, there were 208 InterContinental hotels worldwide, with 70,287 rooms.
Citeras railway station
Citeras Station (CTR) is a class III railway station located in Mekarsari, Rangkasbitung, Lebak Regency. The station, which is located at an altitude of +48 meters, is included in the Jakarta Operational Area I and only serves the KRL Commuterline route. Although it is named Citeras, this station is not located in Citeras Village, but is located to the east of the village itself.

Before KCJ extended the Green Line to Rangkasbitung, this station only served crossing and overtaking between trains for some time. In order to improve commuter rail services in the Lebak Regency area, PT KAI Commuter Jabodetabek then extended the KRL Commuterline route to Rangkasbitung Station. The old Citeras Station underwent a series of renovations to support the operation of the KRL Commuterline. Eventually, the KRL can run to Rangkasbitung starting 1 April 2017.

Rangkasbitung
Rangkasbitung (Sundanese: ᮛᮀᮊᮞ᮪ᮘᮤᮒᮥᮀ; pronounced [raŋkasˈbit̪ʊŋ]), colloquially called Rangkas (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈraŋkas]), is a town (serving as the administrative centre of Lebak Regency) and an administrative district (kecamatan), in Banten Province of Java, Indonesia. The district covers an area of 73.76 km2, and had a population of 116,659 at the 2010 Census and 134,945 at the 2020 Census, while the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 144,733, comprising 73,678 males and 71,055 females.

It is the site of the Multatuli Museum, a history museum that opened in 2018.
Chick Springs
Chick Springs is a mineral springs in present-day Taylors, Greenville County, South Carolina, which from the mid-nineteenth to the early twentieth century served as the focus of a small Upstate South Carolina resort community.

Greenville County, South Carolina
Greenville County (/ˈɡriːnvɪl/ GREEN-vil; locally /ˈɡriːnvəl/ GREEN-vəl) is located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 525,534, making it the most populous county in the state. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is also home to the Greenville County School District, the largest school system in South Carolina. Greenville County is the most populous county in Upstate South Carolina as well as the state. It is the central county of the Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn is part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Nyelutong
Nyelutong is a settlement in the Betong division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 137.5 kilometres (85 mi) east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Saka 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) north

Tansang 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Penurin 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) north

Remabong 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast

Maja 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast

Bukong 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast

Melaban 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) northwest

Betong 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) northwest

Penurin
Penurin is a settlement and longhouse in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 136.9 kilometres (85.1 mi) east of the state capital Kuching. Neighbouring settlements include:

Maja 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) east

Saka 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) south

Tusor 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) north

Empaong 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Bedanum 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northeast

Tansang 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) southwest

Melaban 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) west
Ellen José
Ellen José (1951 – 2 June 2017) was an Australian Indigenous artist, photographer and anarchist. She was a Torres Strait Islander descendant from Murray, Darnley and Horn Islands who lived in Melbourne with husband and fellow anarchist Joseph Toscano.

Torres Strait Islanders
Torres Strait Islanders (/ˈtɒrɪs/ TORR-iss) are the Indigenous Melanesian peoples of the Torres Strait Islands, which are part of the state of Queensland, Australia. Ethnically distinct from the Aboriginal peoples of the rest of Australia, they are often grouped with them as Indigenous Australians. Today, many more Torres Strait Islander people live in mainland Australia than on the islands.

Five distinct peoples exist within the broader designation of Torres Strait Islander people, based partly on geographical and cultural divisions. Kalaw Lagaw Ya and Meriam Mir comprise the two main Indigenous language groups; Yumplatok is also widely spoken as a language of trade and commerce. The core of Island culture is Papuan, and the people are traditionally a seafaring nation. Torres Strait Islanders exhibit a strong artistic culture, particularly in sculpture, printmaking, and mask-making.
36 Aquilae
36 Aquilae (abbreviated 36 Aql) is a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquila. 36 Aquilae is its Flamsteed designation though it also bears the Bayer designation e Aquilae. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.02, this star is faintly visible to the naked eye. It has an annual parallax shift of 6.17 mas, indicating a physical distance of 530 light-years (160 parsecs) with a 30 light-year margin of error.

The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of K5 III. It is a red giant star with 54 75 times the radius of the Sun that is currently on the asymptotic giant branch. This means the star is generating energy by the fusion of hydrogen along an outer shell and helium along a concentric inner shell, surrounding an inert core of carbon and oxygen. 36 Aquilae undergoes small, periodic variations in luminosity, changing by 0.0063 magnitudes about 11.5 times per day, or once every 2 hours and 5.2 minutes.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Ballyloughnane
Ballyloughnane (Baile Uí Lachnáin in Irish) is a townland in the historical Barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is centred on Riverstown in the civil parish of Loughkeen where the N52 road crosses the Little Brosna River.

Loughkeen
Loughkeen (Baile Locha Caoin in Irish) is a townland and a civil parish in the barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary in Ireland. It is located south-west of Riverstown in the extreme north of the county.
Long Lake (Hamilton County, New York)
The 4,077 acres (16.50 km2) Long Lake is a 14-mile (23 km) lake in the town of Long Lake in Hamilton County, New York in the United States; the average width is half a mile.  It is part of the Raquette River, which flows through a straight, northeast-trending valley. NY 30 crosses at a narrow section 4 miles (6.4 km) from the south end, where the hamlet of Long Lake is located.  There are two public beaches and a state boat launch.  More than half of the shoreline is within the New York State Forest preserve. 
The northern end of the lake is undeveloped. The lake is also part of the 740-mile Northern Forest Canoe Trail, which begins in Old Forge, NY and ends in Fort Kent, ME. The Long Lake Camp for the Arts is based on the west side of the lake.

Old Forge, New York
Old Forge is a hamlet (and census-designated place) on New York State Route 28 in the town of Webb in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 756 at the 2010 census. Old Forge was formerly a village but dissolved its incorporation in 1936,; it remains the principal community in the region. As one of the western gateway communities of the Adirondack Park, Old Forge has an extensive business district primarily directed at tourism, especially during the summer months. The local school is the Town of Webb UFSD, a K–12 institution with the Timberwolves as its mascot (changed from Eskimos in 2023). Old Forge often records the lowest winter temperatures in New York. On February 17, 1979, the record low temperature for New York was set in Old Forge at −52 °F (−47 °C).
Tancred's Tower
Tancred's Tower, known in Arabic as Qasr (al-)Jalud ("Goliath's Castle", see below), was a large tower at the northwest corner of the Old City of Jerusalem, of which only meager remains were unearthed by archaeologists.

Today, much of the area of the original structure is beneath the Collège des Frères of the De La Salle Brothers.
Parts of it are in the external base of the city wall where the section coming from the New Gate to the northeast meets the section coming from Jaffa Gate to the southeast.

Jaffa Gate
Jaffa Gate (Hebrew: שער יפו, romanized: Sha'ar Yafo; Arabic: باب الخليل, romanized: Bāb al-Khalīl, "Hebron Gate") is one of the seven main open gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.

The name Jaffa Gate is currently used for both the historical Ottoman gate from 1538, and for the wide gap in the city wall adjacent to it to the south. The old gate has the layout of a medieval gate tower with an L-shaped entryway, which was secured at both ends (north and east) with heavy doors.

The breach in the wall was created in 1898 by the Ottoman authorities in order to allow German emperor Wilhelm II to enter the city triumphally. The breach and the ramp leading to it now allow cars to access the Old City from the west.

The L-shape of the historical gateway was a classical defensive measure designed to slow oncoming attackers, with its outer gate oriented in the direction of Jaffa Road, from which travellers including pilgrims arrived at the end of their journey from the port of Jaffa.
Weixi Township
Weixi Township (Chinese: 威溪乡) is a rural township in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Hunan, China. As of the 2015 census it had a population of 8,780 and an area of 69.48 square kilometres (26.83 sq mi). It borders Dengyuantai Town of Wugang in the north, Malin Township of Xinning County in the east, and Xiyan Town in the south and west.

Xiyan, Chengbu
Xiyan (Chinese: 西岩镇) is a rural town in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Hunan, China. As of the 2015 census it had a population of 54,200 and an area of 150 square kilometres (58 sq mi). The town shares a border with Jinzi Township to the west, Weixi Township to the east, Dengyuantai Town to the north, and Maoping Town to the south.
Ron Davies (Welsh politician)
Ronald Davies (born 6 August 1946) is a retired Welsh politician, former Secretary of State for Wales, former Member of Parliament and former member of the Welsh Assembly. He describes himself as a politician belonging to the "traditional left" who had "spent his life looking for a socialist progressive party". He was a member of the Labour Party (until 2004), and then of Forward Wales (2004–2009); he was subsequently an independent candidate and eventually joined Plaid Cymru in 2010.

Davies is credited with being the "architect of devolution" in Wales and led the campaign to create the National Assembly for Wales. He became the first Cabinet Minister to resign from Tony Blair's Cabinet in 1998, following what became known as a "moment of madness" when he was mugged at knifepoint after agreeing to go for a meal with a man he had met at Clapham Common.

Secretary of State for Wales
The secretary of state for Wales (Welsh: ysgrifennydd gwladol Cymru), also referred to as the Welsh secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Wales Office. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The officeholder works alongside the other Wales Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for Wales. The position is currently held by Jo Stevens having been appointed by Keir Starmer in July 2024.
Slovenia men's national junior handball team
The Slovenia national junior handball team is the national under-20 handball team of Slovenia. Controlled by the Slovenian Handball Federation, that is an affiliate of the International Handball Federation IHF as well as a member of the European Handball Federation EHF, The team represents Slovenia in international matches.

Handball Federation of Slovenia
The Handball Federation of Slovenia (RZS) (Slovene: Rokometna zveza Slovenije) is the national authority responsible for the administration of handball in Slovenia, the Slovenia men's national handball team and the Slovenia women's national handball team. It is a member of the European Handball Federation (EHF) and the International Handball Federation (IHF).

It organizes the following competitions:

Slovenian First League (men's handball)

Slovenian Second League (men's handball)

Slovenian Handball Cup

Slovenian Handball Supercup

Slovenian First League (women's handball)
Cully Wilson
Carol William "Cully" Wilson (June 5, 1892 – July 7, 1962) was an Icelandic-Canadian professional ice hockey player. The right winger played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto St. Pats, Montreal Canadiens, Hamilton Tigers, and Chicago Black Hawks between 1919 and 1927. He was also a member of two teams that won the Stanley Cup before the NHL came into existence in 1917, the Toronto Blueshirts and Seattle Metropolitans.

Wilson came from a family of Icelandic descent and was born as Karl Wilhons Erlendson to parents Sigurður Erlendson and Medónía Indriðadóttir. The family later changed its name to Wilson.

Western Canada Hockey League
The Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL), founded in 1921, was a major professional ice hockey league originally based in the prairies of Canada. It was renamed the Western Hockey League (WHL) in 1925 and disbanded in 1926.

The WCHL's Victoria Cougars were the last non-NHL team to win the Stanley Cup when they won the 1925 Stanley Cup Finals over the NHL's Montreal Canadiens.
Lucius Dasumius Tullius Tuscus
Lucius Dasumius Tullius Tuscus was a Roman senator who was an amici or trusted advisor of the emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of April to June 152 AD as the colleague of Publius Sufenas.

He is also known as Lucius Dasumius Tuscus and Lucius Tullius Tuscus.

Nundinium
Nundinium was a Latin word derived from the word nundinum, which referred to the cycle of days observed by the Romans. During the Roman Empire, nundinium came to mean the duration of a single consulship among several in a calendar year.
2012 South American Race Walking Championships
The 2012 South American Race Walking Championships were held in Salinas, Ecuador, on March 17–18, 2012.   The track of the championship runs in El Malecón de Salinas.

A detailed report on the event and an appraisal of the results was given by Eduardo Biscayart for the World Athletics.

Complete results were published.  The junior events are documented on the World Junior Athletics History webpages.

South American Race Walking Championships
The South American Race Walking Championships (Spanish: Campeonatos Sudamericanos de Marcha Atlética) is a biennial racewalking competition organized by Atletismo Sudamericano for athletes representing the countries of its member associations.  Races for senior men and women, for junior and for youth athletes are featured. In addition, there are separate team competitions. The event was established  (most probably) in 1989 as South American Race Walking Cup (Spanish: Copa Sudamericana de Marcha Atlética), and was occurring annually at first.  The 2001 event was held in conjunction with the Pan American Race Walking Cup.  The name as well as the frequency of the competition were changed in 2004.
Montecollum, New South Wales
Montecollum is a small town located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales. It sits within the Byron Shire local government area and is approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the regional centre of Byron Bay.

It is on the lands of the Arakwal of the Bundjalung nation, who are its traditional owners.

The major tourist attraction in the town is the Crystal Castle and Shambhala Gardens.

Crystal Castle and Shambhala Gardens
Crystal Castle and Shambhala Gardens is a botanical garden in the Byron Bay hinterland set on 25 acres. On display are a number of the world's largest geodes and the only Kalachakra stupa in the southern hemisphere. The garden receives almost 100,000 visitors a year and is a key tourist attraction in the Northern Rivers region. The gardens are routinely listed in Australian newspapers as a must-do when visiting the Byron Bay region and was even specifically mentioned in the New York Times 52 Places to Go in 2019 list.

It is located on the lands of the Arakwal and Widjabul Wia-bal people of the Bundjalung nation.
Morley Borough Independents
The Morley Borough Independents (MBI) are a local political party in Leeds, West Yorkshire, founded in 2004.

Their stated aim is to represent the interests of the residents of Morley and the former Municipal Borough of Morley on Leeds City Council, arguing they "are not effected by having to tow the party line laid down in Westminster" by national political parties including the Conservative Party, Labour Party and Liberal Democrats.

Municipal Borough of Morley
Morley was a local government district in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Apart from the town of Morley, it included Churwell (a separate Local Government District until 1891), East Ardsley (or Ardsley East), West Ardsley, Drighlington and Gildersome (urban districts absorbed in 1937).

Morley was incorporated as a borough in 1885.

It was abolished in 1974, and its former area became part of the City of Leeds, a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire.