hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hyperbolic 3-manifold
In mathematics, more precisely in topology and differential geometry, a hyperbolic 3-manifold is a manifold of dimension 3 equipped with a hyperbolic metric, that is a Riemannian metric which has all its sectional curvatures equal to −1. It is generally required that this metric be also complete: in this case the manifold can be realised as a quotient of the 3-dimensional hyperbolic space by a discrete group of isometries (a Kleinian group).

Hyperbolic 3-manifolds of finite volume have a particular importance in 3-dimensional topology as follows from Thurston's geometrisation conjecture proved by Perelman. The study of Kleinian groups is also an important topic in geometric group theory.

Sectional curvature
In Riemannian geometry, the sectional curvature is one of the ways to describe the curvature of Riemannian manifolds. The sectional curvature K(σp) depends on a two-dimensional linear subspace σp of the tangent space at a point p of the manifold. It can be defined geometrically as the Gaussian curvature of the surface which has the plane σp as a tangent plane at p, obtained from geodesics which start at p in the directions of σp (in other words, the image of σp under the exponential map at p). The sectional curvature is a real-valued function on the 2-Grassmannian bundle over the manifold.

The sectional curvature determines the Riemann curvature tensor completely.
Stydd Hall
Stydd Hall (Castle) is a country house located near to the village of Yeaveley, Derbyshire, 15 miles (24 km) west of Derby, close to the A515 between Wyaston to the north, Great Cubley to the south, Yeaveley to the east and Alkmonton to the northeast. Stydd had formerly been an independent township but has all but disappeared: the hall and a farm are all that remains.

Stydd Hall is still occupied and in use as a farmhouse but had previously been described as in need of repair and restoration. The hall remains private property, but is visible from adjacent public footpaths.

Yeaveley
Yeaveley is a small village and civil parish near Rodsley and 4 miles south of Ashbourne in Derbyshire. The population of the civil parish (including Rodsley) as at the 2011 census was 396.

The village has no school but does have a public house and the Holy Trinity Church. During the reign of Richard I, Ralph Foun gave a hermitage at Yeaveley with lands, waters, woods, mills, and other appurtenances to the Knights Hospitallers.
2016 Czech Senate election
Senate elections were held in the Czech Republic on 7 and 8 October 2016, with a second round on 14 and 15 of October. The first round was held alongside regional elections and several municipal referendums, notably in a referendum in Brno on the location of the town's train station.

The governing coalition of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD), ANO 2011 and the Christian and Democratic Union (KDU-ČSL) retained a majority in the full Senate, with the KDU-ČSL making the largest gains, while the Social Democrats incurred the greatest losses, retaining only two of their twelve seats up for re-election. ANO 2011 won the first round with fourteen candidates advancing, but only three of them were elected, which was a disappointment to the party. The most successful opposition party was the centre-right Civic Democratic Party. It had 6 candidates advancing and four of them elected (including Zdeněk Nytra who ran as independent).

2016 Brno central station referendum
The 2016 Brno central station referendum was a municipal referendum on the location of Brno main railway station, in Brno, Moravia, Czech Republic and the way of its future modernisation. Citizens voted on whether to retain the station at its current location and modernise it, or replace it with a new station at another location. The result of the referendum bound only local government. Nevertheless, it also indirectly affects government organs in the Czech Republic  through the already existing system of contractual obligations. The referendum was held on 7 and 8 October 2016, the same day as regional elections.
Kausland
Kausland is a village in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the southern part of the island of Sotra, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwest of the village of Hammarsland and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southeast of the village of Tælavåg. Kausland Church, founded in 1881, is located in this village.

Sotra
Sotra is the name of the largest island in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located just west of the city of Bergen. It is part of a pair of islands called 'Sotra' and 'Litlesotra' (lit. 'small Sotra') that are part of a large archipelago stretching from Fedje southwards along the coast of Norway. The larger of the two islands is Sotra which is sometimes called Store Sotra (lit. 'Big Sotra'), while Litlesotra is smaller and less populated of the two. Roughly 28,700 (2017) people live on the two islands of Sotra, with the larger island having a population of about 19,100 (2017) and 9,589 (2017) living on the smaller island.
1932 Montana gubernatorial election
The 1932 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1932. Incumbent Governor of Montana John E. Erickson, who was first elected governor in 1924 and was re-elected in 1928, ran for re-election. He won the Democratic primary with a plurality and advanced to the general election, where he faced Frank A. Hazelbaker, the Lieutenant Governor of Montana. Despite the fact that Franklin D. Roosevelt carried the state in a landslide in the presidential election that year, Erickson only narrowly defeated Hazelbaker to win re-election to his third and final term as governor, though he would later resign just a few months into his term to appoint himself to the United States Senate.

1932 United States presidential election in Montana
The 1932 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 8, 1932, as part of the 1932 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Montana overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic nominee, New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, over the Republican nominee, President Herbert Hoover. Roosevelt won Montana by a landslide margin of 22.73%.
Deh Rud, Fars
Deh Rud (Persian: دهرود, also Romanized as Deh Rūd; also known as Dow Rūd) is a village in Jaydasht Rural District, in the Central District of Firuzabad County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 138, in 38 families.

Jaydasht Rural District
Jaydasht Rural District (Persian: دهستان جايدشت) is in Jaydasht District of Firuzabad County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Rudbal. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Jaydasht.
Z
Z, or z, is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the Latin alphabet. It is used in the modern English alphabet, in the alphabets of other Western European languages, and in others worldwide. Its usual names in English are zed (/ˈzɛd/), which is most commonly used in British English, and zee (/ˈziː/ ⓘ), most commonly used in American English, with an occasional archaic variant izzard (/ˈɪzərd/).

Voiceless alveolar affricate
A voiceless alveolar affricate is a type of affricate consonant pronounced with the tip or blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (gum line) just behind the teeth. There are several types of median affricates with significant perceptual differences:

A voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate [t͡s] is the most common type, similar to the ts in English cats.

A voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate [t͡θ̠] – or [t͡θ͇], using the alveolar diacritic from the extIPA – is somewhat similar to the th in some pronunciations of English eighth. It is found as a regional realization of the sequence /tr/ in some Sicilian dialects of Standard Italian.

A voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [t͡s̺], also called apico-alveolar or grave, has a weak hushing sound reminiscent of retroflex affricates. One language in which it is found is Basque, where it contrasts with a more conventional non-retracted laminal alveolar affricate.

This article discusses the first two.
2015 Kharkiv bombing
The  2015 Kharkiv bombing occurred on  22 February 2015, when a bomb exploded during a Ukrainian national unity rally in the Ukrainian city of Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast. The blast killed at least three people and injured another 10, including a boy age 15 and a policeman. On 25 February the death toll rose to four. It was one of many bombings in the cities of the Kharkiv oblast and Odesa oblast.

Security forces arrested four people after the attack. More attacks happened in the city afterwards.

Bloomberg reported that the deadly attack in the government-controlled city assisted the decline of the hryvnia, Ukraine's national currency.

On 28 December 2019 suspects Viktor Tetyutsk, Serhiy Bashlykov and Volodymyr Dvornikov were sentenced to life imprisonment. They were released (during a major prison exchange) and handed over to representatives of the Russian-controlled Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic on 29 December 2019.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Harrison Carroll Hobart
Harrison Carroll Hobart (January 31, 1815 – January 26, 1902) was an American lawyer, Democratic politician, and Union Army officer during the American Civil War.  He was the 2nd speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and served in the 1st Wisconsin Legislature as a member of the Wisconsin Senate. He was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Wisconsin in 1859 and 1865.

Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
The Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly is the presiding officer of the Wisconsin State Assembly, the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature.  Article IV of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified in 1848, establishes the legislature and specifies the election of officers.  The role and responsibilities of the speaker are defined in the Assembly Rules, originally in Rule 1, and also, under the present rules, Rule 3.
Tara Bhandari
Tara Bhandari (21 January 1945) is an Indian politician who briefly served as the deputy speaker of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. She twice elected to the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Sirohi. She is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Netherlands–Pakistan field hockey record
This article lists various team and individual Netherlands-Pakistan field hockey records between the national field hockey teams of both countries. Netherlands and Pakistan are one of the most successful teams in international field hockey, between the two teams is a record seven Hockey World Cup titles and five Olympic gold medals won. The sport enjoys popular sport in both the countries.

Both countries have regularly competed since their first meeting at the 1948 Olympics in London. Both teams have produced world best players of their times, likes of Hassan Sardar, Shahbaz Ahmed, Kaleemullah Khan and Sohail Abbas for Pakistan and Ties Kruze, Paul Litjens, Bram Lomans and Tuen de Nooijer for Netherlands. Both teams are considered as the most excellent exports of different styles of hockey the European and Asian style.

Netherlands men's national field hockey team
The Netherlands national men's field hockey team represents the Netherlands in international men's field hockey and is controlled by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Hockey Bond, the governing body for field hockey in the Netherlands.

The Netherlands are one of the most successful teams in the world, having won the Summer Olympics three times, the Hockey World Cup three times, the Champions Trophy eight times, the EuroHockey Nations Championship seven times, Pro League three times and the Hockey World League once.
2006 Kremlin Cup
The 2006 Kremlin Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 17th edition of the Kremlin Cup, and was part of the International Series of the 2006 ATP Tour, and of the Tier I Series of the 2006 WTA Tour. It took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia from 9 October through 15 October 2006.

2006 ATP Tour
The 2006 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2006 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.

In singles, Roger Federer dominated the season. He won twelve tournaments, including three majors (Australian Open, Wimbledon and the US Open), four Masters Series titles (Indian Wells, Miami Open, Madrid Open and Rogers Cup) and the year-end championship. He finished the year with a 92–5 record.
Rosemary Clooney Sings Country Hits from the Heart
Rosemary Clooney Sings Country Hits from the Heart is a 1963 RCA Victor studio album by Rosemary Clooney, arranged by Marty Paich. It was her first album of country music, the second being Look My Way in 1976.

Look My Way (Rosemary Clooney album)
Look My Way was a 1976 studio album by Rosemary Clooney. The songs include a number of country tracks, and a remake of her early hit "Half as Much".

Look My Way marked Clooney's first solo work since 1964's Thanks for Nothing. In the late 1960s, Clooney suffered a nervous breakdown, and halted her performing and recording career for several years. Her return to recording in 1976 marked the beginning of her music career comeback, which would last until her death in 2002.
Coffee: A Dark History
Coffee: A Dark History is a 2005 book that examines the history of coffee. It was written by Antony Wild and was published by Norton. Wild had previously worked as a buyer for a specialty-coffee company for over ten years. He argues that coffee has had major effects on the economy of the British Empire. He also maintains that First World consumption of coffee and the accompanying free trade policies have had a negative impact on Third World coffee farmers.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Aeolus Haohan
The Aeolus Haohan (风神 皓瀚, also called Dongfeng Mage in export markets) is a compact SUV produced by Dongfeng Motor Corporation under the Aeolus sub-brand. The Haohan compact SUV is built on the DSMA 2.0 platform developed by Dongfeng for conventional petrol and electric models. Dongfeng announced that Haohan is the world's first vehicle that equipped with a four-speed power-split + series-parallel hybrid system.

Compact crossover SUV
Compact crossover SUV is an automobile classification used mainly in North America to describe a segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, between subcompact crossover SUV and mid-size crossover SUV.

By the late 2010s, the segment had emerged as the most popular automobile segment in several regions. For example, nearly one in every four cars sold in the United States in 2019 was a compact crossover, at about 24.2 percent.

The best-selling vehicle in the segment in 2020 was the Toyota RAV4, with 995,762 units sold globally. It was also the second best-selling automobile in the world after the Toyota Corolla in 2021.
2001 New Zealand Warriors season
The New Zealand Warriors 2001 season was the New Zealand Warriors' 7th first-grade season, and their first under the new name. The club competed in Australasia's National Rugby League. The coach of the team was Daniel Anderson while Stacey Jones and Kevin Campion were the club's co-captains. The club made the final series for the first time, after finishing eighth in the regular season.

Kevin Campion (rugby league)
Kevin Campion (born 18 September 1971) is a former Ireland international rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. A Queensland State of Origin representative forward, he also played for Ireland in the 2000 Rugby League World Cup. Campion played his club football in Australia for Gold Coast Seagulls, St. George Dragons, Adelaide Rams, Brisbane Broncos, New Zealand Warriors and North Queensland Cowboys.
Evidence-based education
Evidence-based education (EBE) is the principle that education practices should be based on the best available scientific evidence, with randomised trials as the gold standard of evidence, rather than tradition, personal judgement, or other influences. Evidence-based education is related to evidence-based teaching, evidence-based learning, and school effectiveness research.

The evidence-based education movement has its roots in the larger movement towards evidence-based practices, and has been the subject of considerable debate since the late 1990s. However, research published in 2020 showed that, despite absence of empirical evidence, belief is high amongst educators in teaching techniques such as matching instruction to a few supposed learning styles and the cone of learning.

Every Student Succeeds Act
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is a US law passed in December 2015 that governs the United States K–12 public education policy. The law replaced its predecessor, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), and modified but did not eliminate provisions relating to the periodic standardized tests given to students.

Like the No Child Left Behind Act, ESSA is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, which established the federal government's expanded role in public education. The Every Student Succeeds Act passed both chambers of Congress with bipartisan support.
Fletcher Bluff
Fletcher Bluff (67°36′S 68°42′W﻿ / ﻿67.600°S 68.700°W﻿ / -67.600; -68.700) is a rock-faced, snow-backed bluff, about 800 metres (2,600 ft) high, located 3 nautical miles (6 km) west-northwest of the summit of Mount Liotard on the eastern margin of Fuchs Ice Piedmont, Adelaide Island. It was named in 1983 by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after David D.W. Fletcher, a British Antarctic Survey general assistant at Halley Station, 1972–73, and Station Commander at Signy Station, 1973–76, and Rothera Station, 1976–81.

Fuchs Ice Piedmont
Fuchs Ice Piedmont (67°10′S 68°40′W﻿ / ﻿67.167°S 68.667°W﻿ / -67.167; -68.667) is an ice piedmont 70 nautical miles (130 km) long, extending in a northeast–southwest direction along the entire west coast of Adelaide Island. It was first mapped in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. It was named by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) for Sir Vivian E. Fuchs, FIDS base leader and geologist at Stonington Island in 1948–49.

Near the southeast end of the piedmont, 3 nmi (5.6 km) west-northwest of the summit of Mount Ditte, Window Buttress rises to about 800 m (2,600 ft) high.
It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1982, from the window-like structure near the top of the cliff, which is visible only from the southwest.
Frederieke Saeijs
Frederieke Saeijs (The Hague, Netherlands, 25 January 1979) is a Dutch violinist. Saeijs is the winner of the First Grand Prize as well as four special Prizes of the 2005 International Violin Competition Marguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud in Paris, France.

Long-Thibaud-Crespin Competition
The Long–Thibaud–Crespin Competition is an international classical music competition for pianists, violinists and singers that has been held in France since 1943.   (A Jacques Thibaud Competition was held the year before in Bordeaux: Jacques Thibaud chaired the jury and the First Prize was awarded to Jacques Dejean.)  It was created by the pianist Marguerite Long and the violinist Jacques Thibaud.  Thibaud died in 1953, Long in 1966.  Until 2011 it included only pianists and violinists and was known as the Marguerite Long–Jacques Thibaud Competition.  That year, in honour of the French soprano Régine Crespin (1927–2007), it was expanded to include singers, and renamed.
Peace on Earth (film)
Peace on Earth is a one-reel 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon short directed by Hugh Harman, about a post-apocalyptic world populated only by animals, after human beings have gone extinct due to war. The film's copyright was renewed in 1966, and it will enter the American public domain on January 1, 2035.

Christmas carol
A Christmas carol is a carol (a song or hymn) on the theme of Christmas, traditionally sung at Christmas itself or during the surrounding Christmas and holiday season. The term noel has sometimes been used, especially for carols of French origin. Christmas carols may be regarded as a subset of the broader category of Christmas music.
2018–19 Slovak First Football League
The 2018–19 Slovak First Football League (known as the Fortuna Liga for sponsorship reasons) was the 26th season of first-tier football league in Slovakia since its establishment in 1993.

Spartak Trnava were the defending champions after winning their first Slovak title in the previous season. Slovan Bratislava won their first title since 2014 and their record-extending ninth Slovak league title overall.

2013–14 Slovak First Football League
The 2013–14 Slovak First Football League (known as the Slovak Corgoň Liga for sponsorship reasons) was the 21st season of first-tier football league in Slovakia, since its establishment in 1993. This season started on 12 July 2013 and ended on 31 May 2014.

ŠK Slovan Bratislava were the defending champions and successfully retained their league title.
Sunan Ampel
Sunan Ampel (born Raden Ahmad Rahmatullah or Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah; 1401–1481) was one the nine revered Javanese Muslim saints, or Wali Songo, credited with the spread of Islam in Java. According to local history, around Demak the mosque of Demak Masjid Agung Demak was built by Sunan Ampel in 1479 CE, but other sources attributed the construction of the mosque to Sunan Kalijaga.

Sunan Kalijaga
Sunan Kalijaga (born Raden Mas Said; 1450–1513) was one of the "nine saints" of Javanese Islam (Wali Sanga). The "Kalijaga" title was derived from an orchard known as "Kalijaga" in Cirebon. Other accounts suggest that the name derives from his hobby of submerging himself in Kali ("river" in Javanese). Others note that the name Kalijaga derived its nature from the Arabic notion of qadli dzaqa which means "holy leader" in the sultanate.