hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miss South Africa 2019
Miss South Africa 2019 was the 61st edition of the Miss South Africa pageant. It was held on 9 August 2019 at Sun Arena at Time Square in Pretoria, Gauteng. Tamaryn Green of Western Cape crowned her successor Zozibini Tunzi of Eastern Cape at the end of the event. Tunzi represented South Africa in Miss Universe 2019 and was crowned Miss Universe while 1st Runner-Up Sasha-Lee Olivier represented  the country in Miss World 2019.  Olivier assumed the title of Miss South Africa 2019 due to Tunzi winning the Miss Universe title.

Miss World 2019
Miss World 2019 was the 69th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Exhibition Centre London in London, England, on 14 December 2019.

At the end of the event, Vanessa Ponce of Mexico crowned Toni-Ann Singh of Jamaica as Miss World 2019. It is the fourth victory of Jamaica in the history of the pageant.

Contestants from 111 countries and territories competed in the pageant. The pageant was hosted by Peter Andre, Miss World 2013 Megan Young, Miss World 2016 Stephanie Del Valle, and Fernando Allende. Peter Andre, Lulu, Misunderstood, and Kerry Ellis performed in this edition.
1954–55 Lancashire Cup
The 1954–55 Lancashire Cup was the forty-second occasion on which English rugby league's Lancashire Cup competition had been held.
This year, the first time for many years save a new name on the trophy. Barrow changed codes to rugby league in 1897, were promoted into the league for season 1900–01 and have taken part in every one of the Lancashire Cup competitions since their inception in 1905, and now finally, almost 50 years later, they won the trophy by beating Oldham in the final by the score of 12–2.
The match was played at Station Road, Pendlebury (historically in the county of Lancashire). The attendance was 25,204 and receipts were £4,603.

RFL Lancashire Cup
The RFL Lancashire Cup, usually referred to as the Lancashire Cup, was a British rugby league football knock-out competition founded in 1905. Organised by the Rugby Football League (RFL), the competition was open to all professional clubs in the Lancashire region, but also included a number of clubs based in Cumbria.

The tournament was held annually and was usually played over four rounds, with the fixtures normally being played during the early part of the season. The tournament was scrapped along with the Yorkshire Cup after the 1992–93 season.

The most successful club was Wigan, who won the trophy on 21 occasions.
Jim Nolet
Jim Nolet (born 1961) is an American jazz violinist, artist, performer, and educator known internationally as a composer/improviser in world and jazz idioms.  He has a particular interest in the music of Brazil.  He has performed in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and Latin America.

Nolet studied at the Juilliard School and the Cornish College of the Arts, where he studied privately with jazz bassist Gary Peacock. He has performed or recorded with David Murray, Fred Hopkins, Hilton Ruiz, John Hicks, Joanne Brackeen, Hamiet Bluiett, Cecil Taylor, Don Cherry, Arturo O'Farrill, and the Jazz Passengers. Nolet has received critical acclaim, with Down Beat magazine awarding Nolet in the “International Critics Poll” for “Talent Deserving Wider Recognition," and C. Michael Bailey, (allaboutjazz) describing Nolet as "the finest jazz violinist playing."

Arturo O'Farrill
Arturo O'Farrill (born June 22, 1960) is a jazz musician, the son of Latin jazz musician, arranger and bandleader Chico O'Farrill, and pianist, composer, and director for the Afro Latin Jazz Orchestra. He is best known for his contributions to contemporary Latin jazz (more specifically Afro-Cuban jazz), having received Grammy Awards and nominations, though he has trained in other forms such as free jazz and experimented briefly with hip hop.
Keyvan Rafiee
Keyvan Rafiee (Persian: کیوان رفیعی) is an Iranian political activist. He is a former prisoner of conscience, and was arrested six times for his activities starting in 2003. He is one of the founders of Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRAI) and Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA) in the United States.

Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: وزارت اطّلاعات جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Vezarat-e Ettela'at Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran), also known as Ministry of Intelligence and Security is the primary intelligence agency of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad.
Juana la Macarrona
Juana la Macarrona (3 May 1870 – 17 April 1947) was a Spanish flamenco dancer (bailaora).

Born Juana Vargas de las Heras in Jerez de la Frontera in Andalusia, she later added the stage name La Macarrona. Her Gitano parents started her on her dancing career, which lasted well into the twentieth century.

La Argentina (dancer)
Antonia Mercé y Luque (September 4, 1890 – July 18, 1936), also known as La Argentina, was an Argentine-born Spanish dancer who created the neoclassical style of Spanish dance. She was widely regarded as one of the most famous Spanish dancers of the 20th century and was nicknamed the "Queen of the Castanets" and the "Flamenco Pavlova".
Samoan patrol vessel Nafanua III
Nafanua III (04) is a Guardian-class patrol boat entering service with the Samoan Police Force. She was given to Samoa by Australia as part of the Pacific Maritime Security Program, in which Australia donates patrol boats to neighbouring Pacific Island nations to improve regional maritime security. She is the 2nd boat given to Samoa under the program, as she was ordered by Australia on 2 November 2022 as a replacement for her sister ship Nafanua II, which was damaged beyond repair when she ran aground on 5 August 2021. Nafanua II had only two years earlier replaced the 31-year-old Pacific-class patrol boat Nafanua as the small island nation's sole maritime security craft. Although she was ordered as the 22nd and ultimate boat of her class, she was delivered on 22 November 2023 as the 18th.

Samoa Police Service
The Samoa Police Service is the unitary national police force of Samoa.

In 2022 the numbers of officers increased numbering around 900-1,100 Samoan police officers. Duties include maintaining the correctional facilities, maintaining order in traffic, assisting in search and rescue, identifying and addressing crimes of most concern to the community, raiding drug and gun dealers,  and upgrading and improving intelligence for crime investigation and national security. There are three corrections facilities in Samoa: Tafaigata Prison, Vaiaata Prison and a juvenile facility.
Whithorn (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Whithorn in Wigtownshire was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Whithorn, New Galloway, Stranraer and Wigtown formed the Wigtown district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Commissioner (Scottish Parliament)
A commissioner was a legislator appointed or elected to represent a royal burgh or shire in the Parliament of Scotland and the associated Convention of the Estates. Member of Parliament (MP) and Deputy are equivalent terms in other countries.

The Scottish Parliament (also known as the Three Estates) and the Convention of the Estates were unicameral legislatures, so commissioners sat alongside prelates (the first estate) and members of the nobility (the second estate).
2009 Audi Cup
The first edition of the Audi Cup was a two-day association football tournament that featured four teams, and was staged in late July 2009 at the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany. The competition was organised and promoted by car manufacturer Audi AG to celebrate their 100th year of trading, and hosted by 2007–08 Bundesliga champions Bayern Munich. Bayern Munich defeated Manchester United in the final in a penalty shoot-out after a goalless draw. Boca Juniors defeated Milan in the third place match.

Audi Cup
The Audi Cup is a biennial two-day pre-season friendly football tournament that features four teams, hosted by the German club Bayern Munich, and is staged at the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany. It has been held every two years since 2009 (except 2021 and 2023), opposite the FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro, before the start of the Bundesliga season as well. It does not count as a formal trophy.
Listafjorden
Listafjorden is a widely shaped fjord (or bay) between the island of Hidra and the Lista peninsula in Agder county, Norway. The fjord is located in the municipalities Farsund and Flekkefjord.  The 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long and about the same distance wide at its mouth.  The fjord heads inland and right after it passes the island of Andabeløya, it splits in two branches: the Fedafjorden and the Stolsfjorden.

Andabeløya
Andabeløya or Andabeløyna is a populated island in Flekkefjord municipality in Agder county, Norway.  The 4.7-square-kilometre (1.8 sq mi) island lies at the mouth of the Fedafjorden, just east of the island of Hidra.  The one village on the island is called Andabeløy.

The island is very mountainous and rugged. All the island's population lives in the village of Andabeløy, located at the relatively flat northern end of the island.  In 2015, there were about 100 residents living on the island. The island is connected to the mainland by a ferry at the north end of the island.
Popovtsy
The Popovtsy (Russian: поповцы, IPA: [pɐˈpoftsɨ], lit. 'priested ones') or Popovschina (Russian: поповщина) are a Christian group in Russia which originated in the 17th century. They were one of the two main factions of Old Believers, along with the Bezpopovtsy ("priestless ones").

Rogozhskoye Cemetery
Rogozhskoe cemetery (Russian: Рогожское кладбище, romanized: Rogozhskoye kladbishche, IPA: [rɐˈɡoʂskəjɪ ˈkladbʲɪɕːɪ]) in Moscow, Russia, is the spiritual and administrative center of the largest Old Believers denomination, called the Russian Orthodox Old-Rite Church. Historically, the name cemetery was applied to the whole Old Believer community, with living quarters, cathedral, almshouses, libraries, archives and the Old-Rite Institute (established in 1907). Actual 12 hectare cemetery is now a non-denominational municipal burial site; the Old Believers operate a closed spiritual community in the southern part of the historical Rogozhsky township, while Russian Orthodox church operates church of Saint Nicholas, located between the cemetery and Old Believer territory.
Cartuja 93
The Cartuja 93 park is a technological and scientific complex located in Seville, in the Isla de la Cartuja, next to the Monastery of Santa Maria de las Cuevas. It started in 1993 to exploit the showground and buildings inherited from the 1992 Universal Exposition Seville Expo '92.

Cartuja 93 integrates five different development fields: Advanced Technology Enterprises, Public Services of R&D, Scientific Research Centers, Technology Centers, and technical, business and University colleges.

Nowadays, Cartuja´93 is one of the most important technological and scientific parks of south Europe: during 2009 it invoiced 2,194 millions of euros, and employed 14,380 people.

Monastery of Santa Maria de las Cuevas
The Monastery of Santa María de las Cuevas, also known as the Monastery of the Cartuja (Charterhouse), is a religious building on the Isla de La Cartuja in Seville, southern Spain.
The Andalusian Contemporary Art Center (The Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo (CAAC)) is now located on this site.
Anne of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria
Anna of Austria (1318–1343) was the youngest daughter of Frederick the Fair, of Austria and his wife, Isabella of Aragon. Her paternal grandparents were Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Tirol. Her maternal grandparents were James II of Aragon and Blanche of Anjou.

Blanche of Anjou
Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II of Aragon. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as Blanche of Naples (Blanca de Nàpols). She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.
Yoann Damet
Yoann Damet is a French association football coach who is currently the head coach of Major League Soccer club St. Louis City SC.

Damet began his managerial career at age 16, coaching several youth squads in France and Canada. He then spent four years as an assistant coach with FC Cincinnati, twice serving as interim head coach. At 29 years of age, Damet was the youngest head or assistant coach in Major League Soccer when Cincinnati joined the league in 2019. He then served in assistant and second-team coaching roles at LA Galaxy and Columbus Crew. In December 2025, he was named head coach of St. Louis City SC, his first permanent position as head coach of a top-division team.

MLS Cup 2023
MLS Cup 2023 was the 28th edition of the MLS Cup, the championship match of Major League Soccer (MLS), played on December 9, 2023, at Lower.com Field in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The soccer match between hosts Columbus Crew of the Eastern Conference and defending champions Los Angeles FC of the Western Conference determined the champions of the 2023 season. It also marked the conclusion of the MLS Cup Playoffs, which was contested by the top eighteen teams based on their regular season records.

Columbus won 2–1 and clinched their third MLS Cup title. Cucho Hernández was named the match's most valuable player after he scored the opening goal from a penalty kick. The Crew earned a berth in the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup and host the 2024 Campeones Cup.
Mail (Windows)
Mail (later Microsoft Outlook) is a discontinued email client developed by Microsoft and included in Windows Vista and later versions of Windows.  It was available as the successor to Outlook Express, which was either included with, or released for Internet Explorer 3.0 and later versions of Internet Explorer. It was succeeded by Outlook for Windows.

Post Office Protocol
In computing, the Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server. Today, POP version 3 (POP3) is the most commonly used version. Together with IMAP, it is one of the most common protocols for email retrieval.
Actio libera in causa
Actio libera in causa (frequently abbreviated as a.l.i.c., Latin for "action free in its cause") is a law principle in a typical Western law system (both common law and civil law). The doctrine means that even if the person was not free to choose the course of action while performing an offence, he can still be held responsible for it if he voluntarily created a condition ("cause") for the offending action. A typical example is self-defense: in Anglo-American jurisdictions lethal action is justified under certain circumstances while protecting oneself, others, or property. However, this defense is not available, for example, to a person who started the fight, thus creating a "cause" for killing in self-defense at a later time. Most frequently a.l.i.c. is mentioned with regard to voluntary intoxication: if a person gets drunk, she will not be able use her state of inebriation to claim that, for example, her act of negligence was an accident.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Jordan Rugby
The Jordan Rugby Committee is a non-profit organisation with the sole responsibility of developing the sport of rugby in Jordan. It is funded by the Jordan Olympic Committee and is an associate member of World Rugby. Jordan Rugby became an associate member of Asia Rugby in 2008  and then a full member in 2016.

Asia Rugby
Asia Rugby, formerly the Asian Rugby Football Union, is the governing body of rugby union in Asia under the authority of World Rugby. Founded in 1968 by eight charter nations, the Union today has 36 member unions in countries across Asia, stretching from Kazakhstan to Guam.

The aim of Asia Rugby is "to raise physical and moral standards in Asia by education in the healthy pursuit of Rugby Football and to promote friendship among Asian countries".
Women in the Montana government
As of 2022, Montana ranked 22nd out of 50 American states in terms of percentage of state legislators who are women. Within the Montana State Legislature, 32.7 percent of all members were women in 2022. From statehood in 1889 to 2025, the state of Montana had only one female governor, Judy Martz. Although the first woman to be elected to the United States Congress was from Montana in 1916, the state had not elected another woman to Congress as of 2025.

Montana Senate
The Montana State Senate is, along with the Montana House of Representatives, one of the two houses that composes the Montana Legislature, the state legislative branch of the U.S. state of Montana. The body is composed of 50 senators elected for four years. Half of the Senate is up for election every two years.
2008 in Philippine television
The following is a list of events affecting Philippine television in 2008. Events listed include television show debuts, finales, cancellations, and channel launches, closures and rebrandings, as well as information about controversies and carriage disputes.

Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition Plus
The second season of the reality game show Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition (subtitled as "Teen Edition Plus") aired ABS-CBN for 77 days from March 23 to June 7, 2008.

Ejay Falcon emerged as the season's winner, while Robi Domingo was the runner-up. Nicole Uysiuseng and Beauty Gonzalez were the finalists.
Raven's Pass
Raven's Pass (foaled February 17, 2005 in Kentucky) is an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse  most notable for being the first English-trained winner of the Grade I Breeders' Cup Classic at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.

Eclipse Award
The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century British racehorse and sire, Eclipse.

An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division. The trophy is made by a few small selected American foundries with expertise in studio bronze casting. It is then mounted on the hand-crafted native Kentucky walnut base to comprise the Eclipse Award on which a brass plate recites the award winner.

The equivalent award in Australia is the Australian Thoroughbred racing awards, in Canada the Sovereign Awards, and in Europe, the Cartier Racing Awards.
Hilbert's ninth problem
Hilbert's ninth problem, from the list of 23 Hilbert's problems (1900), asked to find the most general reciprocity law for the norm residues of k-th order in a general algebraic number field, where k is a power of a prime.

The problem was partially solved for abelian extensions by Artin reciprocity and class field theory for abelian extensions of number fields. Generalization of these results to non-abelian class field theory seems to be one of the most challenging problems in algebraic number theory, which is also related with Hilbert's twelfth problem.

Abelian extension
In abstract algebra, an abelian extension is a Galois extension whose Galois group is abelian. When the Galois group is also cyclic, the extension is also called a cyclic extension. Going in the other direction, a Galois extension is called solvable if its Galois group is solvable, i.e., if the group can be decomposed into a series of normal extensions of an abelian group. Every finite extension of a finite field is a cyclic extension.
Subaru Justy
The Subaru Justy is a subcompact hatchback manufactured and marketed by Subaru for model years 1984-1994.  The company has marketed a rebadged variant Daihatsu Boon (second generation), at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show with a 1.0 or 1.2-litre straight-three engine, front/four wheel drive, electronically controlled continuously variable transaxle, or a 5-speed manual transaxle. For the 2010 model year, the Justy was replaced with the Subaru Trezia. The Justy nameplate was revived in November 2016 as a rebadged Toyota Tank and its twin counterpart the Toyota Roomy and Daihatsu Thor.

Hatchback
A hatchback is a car body configuration with a rear door that swings upward to provide access to the main interior of the car as a cargo area rather than just to a separated trunk. Hatchbacks may feature fold-down second-row seating, where the interior can be reconfigured to prioritize passenger or cargo volume.

While early examples of the body configuration can be traced to the 1930s, the Merriam-Webster dictionary dates the term itself to 1970. The hatchback body style has been marketed worldwide on cars ranging in size from superminis to small family cars, as well as executive cars and some sports cars. They are a primary component of sport utility vehicles.
Malusha
Malusha Malkovna (Old East Slavic: Малушa) was allegedly an enslaved handmaiden (kholopka) for Olga of Kiev and a concubine of Sviatoslav I of Kiev. According to chronicles, she was the mother of Vladimir the Great and sister of Dobrynya. The Norse sagas describe Vladimir's mother as a prophetess who lived to the age of 100 and was brought from her cave to the palace to predict the future.

Prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to be a conduit for that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people. The message that the prophet conveys is called a prophecy.

Prophethood has existed in many cultures and religions throughout history, including Mesopotamian religion, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Manichaeism, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and Thelema.
Locus coeruleus
The locus coeruleus (/sɪˈruːliəs/) (LC), also spelled locus caeruleus or locus ceruleus, is a nucleus in the pons of the brainstem involved with physiological responses to stress and panic. It is a part of the reticular activating system in the reticular formation.

The locus coeruleus, which in Latin means "blue spot", is the principal site for brain synthesis of norepinephrine (noradrenaline). The locus coeruleus and the areas of the body affected by the norepinephrine it produces are described collectively as the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system or LC-NA system. Norepinephrine may also be released directly into the blood from the adrenal medulla.

Thalamus
The thalamus (pl.: thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral wall of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain). Nerve fibers project out of the thalamus to the cerebral cortex in all directions, known as the thalamocortical radiations, allowing hub-like exchanges of information. It has several functions, such as the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Anatomically, the thalami are paramedian symmetrical structures (left and right), within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. It forms during embryonic development as the main product of the diencephalon, as first recognized by the Swiss embryologist and anatomist Wilhelm His Sr. in 1893.