hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trace Awards & Festival
Trace Awards & Summit (also referred to as Trace Awards) is a music awards show established by Trace Group to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the French pay-TV music video television channel Trace TV. With the aim of honoring outstanding achievements in African and Afro-inspired music and culture around the world, the Trace Awards was broadcast live on Trace TV and Trace Africa across 180 countries. The first edition was held in Kigali, Rwanda, on Saturday 21 October 2023 at the BK Arena, Kigali.

Trace Urban
Trace Urban (formerly MCM Africa then Trace TV) is a French pay-TV music video television channel, that is owned by TPG Capital. It is the parent channel of the various Trace music channels like Trace Africa and Trace Latina. It is the third most distributed French television channel in the world, dedicated to urban contemporary music and cultures (R&B, hip-hop, dancehall, etc.) targeting an audience aged 15–34. Trace Urban the second music channel in France and the most popular channel broadcast in more than 60 countries in the world. Along with airing music videos, the channel also features interviews of renowned artists sometimes, promoting their upcoming albums or concert tours with interviews called 'Fact Check' and 'Skip Skip'`.
Accept No Substitute! The Definitive Hits
Accept No Substitute! The Definitive Hits is a compilation album by British rock band Status Quo released in 2015. A DVD collection, Accept No Substitute! The Definitive Hits and More, was also released.

Piledriver (album)
Piledriver is the fifth studio album by the British rock band Status Quo, released in 1972. It was the first to be produced by the group themselves, and their first on the Vertigo label. It peaked at number five in the UK and included several favourites that would be featured frequently in live concerts.
Owned-and-operated television stations in the United States
In the United States, owned-and-operated television stations (frequently abbreviated as O&Os) constitute only a portion of their parent television networks' station bodies, due to ownership limits imposed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Currently, the total number of television stations owned by any company (including a television network) can only reach a maximum of 39% of all U.S. households; in the past, the ownership limit was much lower, and was determined by a specific number of television stations rather than basing the limits on total market coverage.

Ion Media
Ion Media, LLC is an American company owned by the Scripps Networks division of The E.W. Scripps Company that operates the linear broadcasting networks Ion Television, Ion Mystery and Ion Plus.

Also known as Paxson Communications Corporation and Ion Media Networks, it emerged from bankruptcy in 2009 and was later sold to E. W. Scripps Company. It once owned over 71 television stations in most of the major American markets through a television station group, as well as operating Qubo and Ion Shop.

Upon being acquired by Scripps, it merged with its subsidiary Katz Broadcasting on January 7, 2021, creating Scripps Networks. This new division was formed to manage those assets separately from the traditional broadcast network-affiliated television stations.
Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company
Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company (sometimes abbreviated SFNTC) is an American tobacco manufacturing company based in Oxford, North Carolina, best known for its production of the premier Natural American Spirit cigarette brand.

Founded in 1982, SFNTC became a subsidiary of R.J. Reynolds when it acquired the company in 2002. Since 2004, Santa Fe Natural is part of the Reynolds American companies holding.

United States District Court for the District of New Mexico
The United States District Court for the District of New Mexico (in case citations, D.N.M.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction comprises the state of New Mexico. Court is held in Albuquerque, Las Cruces, and Santa Fe.

Appeals from the District of New Mexico are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States Attorney's Office for the District of New Mexico represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. The acting United States attorney is Ryan Ellison since 2025.
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu (Nepali: चोयु; Tibetan: ཇོ་བོ་དབུ་ཡ; Chinese: 卓奥友峰) is the sixth-highest mountain in the world at 8,188 metres (26,864 ft) above sea level. Cho Oyu means "Turquoise Goddess" in Tibetan.  The mountain is the westernmost major peak of the Khumbu sub-section of the Mahalangur Himalaya 20 km west of Mount Everest.  The mountain stands on the China–Nepal border, between the Tibet Autonomous Region and Koshi Province.

Just a few kilometres west of Cho Oyu is Nangpa La (5,716m/18,753 ft), a glaciated pass that serves as the main trading route between the Tibetans and the Khumbu's Sherpas. This pass separates the Khumbu and Rolwaling Himalayas. Due to its proximity to this pass and the generally moderate slopes of the standard northwest ridge route, Cho Oyu is considered the easiest 8,000 metre peak to climb. It is a popular objective for professionally guided parties.

China–Nepal border
The China–Nepal border is the international boundary between the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China and Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. It is 1,389 kilometres (863 mi) in length and runs in a northwest–southeast direction along the Himalayan mountain range, including Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain. The boundaries of this particular border have changed dramatically over time, especially when considering relatively recent events such as the Annexation of Tibet in 1949. However, some of the most significant developments of modern times would be the signing of the "Agreement on Maintaining Friendly Relations between the People's Republic of China and the Kingdom of Nepal" in 1956 and the "Sino-Nepalese Treaty of Peace and Friendship" in 1960, both of which formally recognised Tibet as a part of China and confirmed the limits of the countries of China and Nepal as they are known today.
Rhamnus taquetii
Rhamnus taquetii, (Korean: 좀갈매나무, lit. 'little buckthorn') is a species of Rhamnus native to Jeju Island, South Korea. Growing on the slopes of Mt. Halla at elevations above 1200 m, it is a bush reaching 1 m. The anthraquinone physcion and the flavonoids kaempferol, rhamnocitrin, quercetin, and 3-O-methyl quercetin were isolated from its tissues.

Rhamnus (plant)
Rhamnus is a genus of about 140 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae. Its species range from 1 to 10 m (3 to 33 ft) tall (rarely to 15 m, 50 ft) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in the subtropical Southern Hemisphere in parts of Africa and South America.

Both deciduous and evergreen species occur. The leaves are simple, 3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 in) long, and arranged alternately, in opposite pairs, or almost paired (subopposite). One distinctive character of many buckthorns is the way the veination curves upward towards the tip of the leaf. The plant bears fruits which are black or red berry-like drupes. The name is due to the woody spine on the end of each twig in many species. One species is known to have potential to be used medicinally.
Rail transport in Mexico
Mexico has a freight railway system owned by the national government and operated by various entities under concessions (charters) granted by the national government. The railway system provides freight and passenger service throughout the country (the majority of the service is freight-oriented), connecting major industrial centers with ports and with rail connections at the United States border. Passenger rail services were limited to a number of tourist trains between 1997, when Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México suspended service, and 2008, when Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana de México inaugurated Mexico's first commuter rail service between Mexico City and the State of Mexico. This is not including the Mexico City Metro, which started service in 1969.

El Insurgente
El Insurgente (transl. The Insurgent) is a 57.7 km (35.9 mi) commuter rail line between the State of Mexico and Mexico City. Also known as Interurban Train Mexico City–Toluca, the passenger railway line connects the cities of Toluca and Mexico City. The Tren Interurbano project was announced by President Enrique Peña Nieto on 1 December 2012, and construction began in 2014.

On 1 September 2023, it was announced that the line would be branded as El Insurgente, after Miguel Hidalgo. On 15 September 2023, the first section from Zinacantepec to Lerma opened, with four trains initially running on the section. On 31 August 2024, the second section from Lerma to Santa Fe inaugurated. The opening of the entire line was expected on 2 February 2026. On 2 February 2026, the third section from Santa Fe to Observatorio was inaugurated and in operation that afternoon.
Lieb's square ice constant
Lieb's square ice constant is a mathematical constant used in the field of combinatorics to approximately count Eulerian orientations of grid graphs. It was introduced by Elliott H. Lieb in 1967. It is called the square ice constant because the orientations that it counts arise in statistical mechanics of crystalline structures as the states of an ice-type model on a square grid.

The value of Lieb's square ice constant is  Based on this, the number of Eulerian orientations of an  grid is  where the  term, an instance of little o notation, hides parts of the formula that tend to zero in the limit as  grows.

Mathematical constant
A mathematical constant is a number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a special symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. Constants arise in many areas of mathematics, with constants such as e and π occurring in such diverse contexts as geometry, number theory, statistics, and calculus.

Some constants arise naturally by a fundamental principle or intrinsic property, such as the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle (π). Other constants are notable more for historical reasons than for their mathematical properties. The more popular constants have been studied throughout the ages and computed to many decimal places.

All named mathematical constants are definable numbers, and usually are also computable numbers (Chaitin's constant being a significant exception).
Ferdinand Ludwig Herff
Ferdinand Ludwig Herff (1820–1912) was a 19th-century German-born physician who emigrated to Texas and became a medical pioneer in San Antonio.  He was one of the co-founders of the Bettina commune. In 1982, Recorded Texas Historic Landmark 1268 was placed on Malakopf Mountain in Boerne, to honor Herff.
His homesite in San Antonio was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in the year 2000, Marker number 12345.

Boerne, Texas
Boerne (/ˈbɜːrni/ BURN-ee) is a city in and the county seat of Kendall County, Texas, United States, in the Texas Hill Country. Founded in 1849 as Tusculum, German settlers changed its name to Boerne, in honor of author and satirist Ludwig Börne, when it was platted in 1852. Boerne is known for its German-Texan history. Its population was 10,471 at the 2010 census, and in 2020 the population was 17,850. The city is noted for the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case City of Boerne v. Flores.

Boerne is part of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area.
Lakalaka
The lakalaka (walking briskly) is a Tongan group dance where the performers are largely standing still and make gestures with their arms only. It is considered as the national dance of Tonga and part of the intangible human heritage. It is the ideal dance at formal occasions, like the birthday of the king or the opening of a church.

Sālote Tupou III
Sālote Tupou III (born Sālote Mafileʻo Pilolevu; 13 March 1900 – 16 December 1965) was Queen of Tonga from 1918 to her death in 1965. She reigned for nearly 48 years, the longest of any Tongan monarch. She was well known for her height, standing 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) tall in her prime.
Names of the Korean alphabet
The Korean alphabet has been referred to by various names over time and even currently. It is known as Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, Hangul  internationally, and Hangeul in South Korea. The script's original name was Hunminjeongeum. It also used a number of other historical names.

Ross King (academic)
Julian Ross Paul King (born 25 February 1961), commonly Ross King, is a Canadian linguist and Koreanist. He is a Professor of Korean Language and Literature at the University of British Columbia. Previously, he was head of the Department of Asian Studies there from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2020.
Usigliano
Usigliano is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Casciana Terme Lari, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 201.

Usigliano is about 33 km from Pisa and 4 km from Lari.

Lari, Tuscany
Lari is a walled mountaintop frazione, or hamlet, in the comune of Casciana Terme Lari, 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Florence and 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Pisa, in the Tuscany region of Italy. The municipal seat of its comune, Lari dates from at least the 9th century BC, a fact established by its traces of Etruscan architecture. It sits at a high elevation for Tuscany and centers around a castle, with distant views in all directions. Physician Eusebio Valli was born in the hamlet.
Vibhor Sogani
Vibhor Sogani (born 1967) is a prominent Indian artist and designer, known for his innovative public art installations and contributions to the field of design through several community art projects.

Born in Jaipur, he has been living and working in New Delhi for the past 25 years. His work, which spans various mediums, often reflects themes of growth, transformation and cultural heritage. One of Sogani's most significant public art installation is "Sprouts", located near the AIIMS flyover in New Delhi.

India Habitat Centre
The India Habitat Centre is a multipurpose building in the city of New Delhi, India. It was the brain child of the Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) Chairman, Santosh Sharma. It includes the Stein Auditorium.

The India Habitat Centre is one of India's most comprehensive convention centers that is aimed at bringing individuals and institutions working in diverse habitat and environment related areas together.

Divided into five blocks which are connected with aerial walkaways, IHC can conduct up to 20 concurrent sessions from socio-cultural events and exhibitions to business and economic events. It has a Visual Art Gallery, Library and Resource Center, Learning Center, Amphitheater, Conference & Banquet Halls and Restaurants.
Sandy Pearson
Major General Cedric Maudsley Ingram "Sandy" Pearson, AO, DSO, OBE, MC (24 August 1918 – 7 November 2012) was an Australian Army officer. He was a Commander of Australian Forces during the Vietnam War, Commandant of the Royal Military College, Duntroon and Director of the Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales.

Major general (Australia)
Major general (abbreviated MAJGEN) is a senior rank of the Australian Army, and was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of major general. It is the third-highest active rank of the Australian Army (the rank of field marshal not being held by any currently serving officer), and is considered to be equivalent to a two-star rank. A major general commands a division or the equivalent.

Major general is a higher rank than brigadier, but lower than lieutenant general. Major general is the equivalent of rear admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air vice marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force.

The insignia for a major general is the star (or 'pip') of the Order of the Bath (despite membership of the Order no longer being awarded to Australians), above a crossed Mameluke sword and baton.
Rockdale, New South Wales
Rockdale is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Rockdale is located 13 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the St George area. Rockdale is one of the administrative centres for the local government area of the Bayside Council. Since 1985, Rockdale has been a twinned city with Bitola, in the Republic of Macedonia.

Brighton-Le-Sands, New South Wales
Brighton Le Sands (formerly Brighton-le-Sands and also known simply as Brighton or Brighton Beach), is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Brighton Le Sands is located 13 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, on the western shore of Botany Bay. Brighton Le Sands is in the local government area of the Bayside Council and is part of the St George area.

Lady Robinsons Beach and Cook Park run along the eastern border of Brighton Le Sands, on Botany Bay. The beach is also commonly referred to as Brighton Beach and is known for its off-white sand. Brighton Le Sands features a mixture of low density houses, medium density flats, high rise apartments, retail, cafés and restaurants. The Grand Parade runs along the foreshore and intersects with Bay Street, at the commercial centre. The higher density developments are located along these roads.
John Williams (photographer)
John Frank Williams (18 December 1933–30 July 2016) was an Australian photographer, academic, art critic and historian who served as the first head of photography at Sydney College of the Arts. His photographic work documenting Sydney's urban landscape in the 1960s was characterised by what he described as "rough, hard and grainy" imagery. Beyond his photographic career, Williams authored six books focused on World War I and Australian cultural history, including his notable 1995 work Quarantined Culture.

Roger Scott (photographer)
Roger Scott (born 1944) is an Australian social documentary photographer and photographic printer.

In December 2001 Scott published a retrospective of his work, Roger Scott: From the Street, with a foreword by Gael Newton, senior curator of photography at the Australian National Gallery. In addition to 139 of Scott's photos, the book included an essay by Robert McFarlane, a fellow Australian photographer and photographic critic. In his essay, McFarlane suggested that Scott's photographs "are unique within Australian photography. The intimacies he records in the lives of his subjects show that, far from being another purist disciple of Cartier-Bresson's worthy maxim of the decisive moment, Roger Scott introduces a new kind of instant in Australian documentary photography - the irrevocable moment."

Scott's work was included in Candid Camera: Australian Photography 1950s–1970s at the Art Gallery of South Australia (2010).
Isaiah 53
Isaiah 53 is the fifty-third chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah and is one of the Nevi'im. Chapters 40 to 55 are known as "Deutero-Isaiah" and date from the time of the Israelites' exile in Babylon.

Martin Hengel
Martin Hengel (14 December 1926 – 2 July 2009) was a German historian of religion, New Testament scholar, and Lutheran theologian, focusing on the Second Temple period and Hellenistic period of ancient Judaism and early Christianity.
Thermal management (electronics)
All electronic devices and circuitry generate excess heat and thus require thermal management to improve reliability and prevent premature failure. The amount of heat output is equal to the power input, if there are no other energy interactions. There are several techniques for cooling including various styles of heat sinks, thermoelectric coolers, forced air systems and fans, heat pipes, and others. In cases of extreme low environmental temperatures, it may actually be necessary to heat the electronic components to achieve satisfactory operation.

Computer fan
A computer fan is any fan inside, or attached to, a computer case used for active cooling. Fans are used to draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air from inside and move air across a heat sink to cool a particular component. Both axial and sometimes centrifugal (blower/squirrel-cage) fans are used in computers. Computer fans commonly come in standard sizes, such as 92 mm, 120 mm (most common), 140 mm, and even 200–220 mm. Computer fans are powered and controlled using 3-pin or 4-pin fan connectors.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 398
United Nations Security Council Resolution 398, adopted on November 30, 1976, considered a report by the Secretary-General regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.  The Council noted its efforts to establish a durable and just peace in the Middle East but also expressed its concern over the prevailing state of tension in the area.  The Resolution decided to call upon the parties concerned to immediately implement Resolution 338, it renewed the mandate of the Observer Force for another 6 months until May 31, 1977, and requested that the Secretary-General submit a report on the situation at the end of that period.

The resolution was adopted with 12 votes to none; Benin, China and Libya did not participate in the voting.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 338
United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 was a three-line resolution adopted by the UN Security Council on 22 October 1973, which called for a ceasefire in the Yom Kippur War in accordance with a joint proposal by the United States and the Soviet Union. It was passed at the 1747th Security Council meeting by 14 votes to none, with China abstaining.

The resolution stipulated that the ceasefire should take effect within 12 hours of the adoption of the resolution; that Security Council Resolution 242 be implemented "in all its parts"; and for negotiations to start between Israel and the Arab states. Fighting continued despite the passing of Resolution 338, and the Security Council passed Resolution 339 soon after. Resolution 340 was passed on 25 October, ending the war.
Walls of Philip IV
The Walls of Felipe IV (Spanish: Real Cerca de Felipe IV) surrounded the city of Madrid between 1625 and 1868. Philip IV ordered their construction to replace the earlier Walls of Philip II and the Walls del Arrabal, which had already been surpassed by the growth of population of Madrid. These were not defensive walls, but essentially served fiscal and surveillance purposes: to control the access of goods to the city, ensure the collection of taxes, and to monitor who went in and out of Madrid. The materials used for construction were brick, mortar and compacted earth.

It was one of five walls that surrounded the city of Madrid at different times.

Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid
The Retiro Park (Spanish: Parque del Buen Retiro, "Good Retreat Park"), also known as Buen Retiro Park or simply El Retiro, is one of the largest city parks in Madrid, Spain. The park belonged to the Spanish monarchy until 1868, when it became a public park following the Glorious Revolution. The park is located at the edge of the city centre, near both the Alcalá Gate and the Museo del Prado, and covers 1.4 km2 (350 acres). It has gardens, monuments, galleries, an artificial lake, and event-hosting venues. In 2021, Buen Retiro Park became part of a combined UNESCO World Heritage Site that also includes Paseo del Prado.