hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sir Philippe de Carteret, 3rd Seigneur of Saint Ouen
Sir Philippe de Carteret, 3rd Seigneur of Saint Ouen, (1205-1285) was the Seigneur of Saint Ouen of Saint Ouen's Manor during the reign of King Edward I. He inherited the title from his father Sir Philippe de Carteret, 2nd Seigneur of Saint Ouen, who was unsuccessful in his attempts to regain the family's Norman holdings that were lost under King John.

Philippe would marry Margaret d'Aubigny, daughter of Crusader Oliver d'Aubigny, and thus the niece and heiress of Philip d'Aubigny, who was a commander in the Royalist forces during the First Baron's war and a crusader. In recognition of this marriage, Philippe would change his arms from three fusils in fess to four fusils in fess making them identical to the arms of Philip d'Aubigny. This change would carry on through Philippe's and Margaret's descendants still being seen in the arms of De Carteret/Carteret members to this day.

Philippe de Carteret, 2nd of St Ouen
Sir Philippe de Carteret, Seigneur of St Ouen, born 1152.  Son of Renaud de Carteret, Baron Carteret and 1st Seigneur of Saint Ouen.

Philippe joined King Henry III on his campaign in Brittany, as part of the English invasion of France. Due to his good service in the war Philippe was granted licences by King Henry III to go to the King of France to try to regain his lands at Carteret and Angleville. This was of no avail as it meant swearing fealty (allegiance) to King Louis VIII.

In 1252, Henry III commanded Philippe along with Jordan de La Hogue to survey the castles on the islands of Jersey and Guernsey for all defenses and armaments in case of a French invasion of the islands.
Cost competitiveness of fuel sources
The Cost competitiveness of fuel sources is a measure of whether or not particular fuel sources are  cost competitive in the energy market, and is a primary factor in determining if a fuel source will be utilized. If a fuel source can be produced and sold lower than the price crude oil is being traded at, including taxes, then it is considered to be a cost competitive fuel source.

"Lazard’s levelized cost of energy (LCOE) is the most commonly used metric for comparing cost competitiveness of fuel sources", according to the Lone Star Fuels Alliance.

Cost
Cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it is counted as cost. In this case, money is the input that is gone in order to acquire the thing. This acquisition cost may be the sum of the cost of production as incurred by the original producer, and further costs of transaction as incurred by the acquirer over and above the price paid to the producer. Usually, the price also includes a mark-up for profit over the cost of production.

More generalized in the field of economics, cost is a metric that is totaling up as a result of a process or as a differential for the result of a decision.  Hence cost is the metric used in the standard modeling paradigm applied to economic processes.

Costs (pl.) are often further described based on their timing or their applicability.
NGC 5291
NGC 5291 is a system of interacting galaxies in the constellation Centaurus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4,648±20 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 223.6 ± 15.7 Mly (68.55 ± 4.81 Mpc). However, two non-redshift measurements give a closer mean distance of 177.43 ± 9.78 Mly (54.400 ± 3.000 Mpc). It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 8 May 1834.

NGC 5291 is surrounded by a collisional ring, containing a young and star-forming tidal dwarf galaxy, where dark matter has been detected. It is also a Seyfert II galaxy, i.e. it has a quasar-like nucleus with very high surface brightnesses whose spectra reveal strong, high-ionisation emission lines, but unlike quasars, the host galaxy is clearly detectable.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
JMSDF Ōminato Naval Base
The JMSDF Ōminato Naval Base (大湊基地, Ōminato Kichi) is a Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force naval base with port and military aerodrome (ICAO: RJSO) facilities. It is located on Mutsu Bay in the city of Mutsu in the Aomori Prefecture, in extreme northern Honshū, Japan.

Mutsu, Aomori
Mutsu (むつ市, Mutsu-shi) is a city located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2025, the city had an estimated population of 50,589 in 27,960  households, and a population density of 59 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 864.12 square kilometers (333.64 sq mi), making it the largest municipality in Aomori Prefecture in terms of area.
Mallotus paniculatus
Mallotus paniculatus is a small, subtropical and tropical forest tree species in the family Euphorbiaceae (tribe Acalypheae), found in Asia; the current placement was by Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1865.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Ray Mountains
The Ray Mountains is a mountain range in central Alaska named for the Ray River, itself named for United States Army Captain Patrick Henry Ray, who established a meteorological station in Barrow, Alaska, in 1881. The mountains are within the Yukon-Tanana Uplands, an area of low mountain ranges that also includes the White Mountains. The Ray Mountains cover an area of 10,600 square miles (27,454 km2) and are bordered on the east by the Yukon River, on the south by the Tozitna River, and on the north by Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge. The highest point in the Ray Mountains is Mount Tozi, which has a summit elevation of 5,519 feet (1,682 m). Other notable peaks include Wolf Mountain, Mount Henry Eakin, the Kokrines Hills, and Moran Dome.

Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge
Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge in central Alaska, United States.  One of 16 refuges in Alaska, it was established in 1980 when Congress passed The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA). At 1,640,000 acres (6,600 km2), Kanuti Refuge is about the size of the state of Delaware. Located at the Arctic Circle, the refuge is a prime example of Alaska's boreal ecosystem. It is dominated by black and white spruce, with some white birch and poplars.
Mythopoeia
Mythopoeia (/ˌmɪθəˈpiːə/, Ancient Greek: μυθοποιία, romanized: muthopoiía, lit. 'myth-making'), or mythopoesis, is a subgenre of speculative fiction, and a theme in modern literature and film, where an artificial or fictionalized mythology is created by a writer of prose, poetry, or other literary forms. The concept was widely popularised by J. R. R. Tolkien in the 1930s, although it long predated him. The authors in this genre integrate traditional mythological themes and archetypes into fiction. Mythopoeia is also the act of creating a mythology.

Constructed language
A constructed language is a language for communication between humans (i.e. not with or between computers) which, unlike most languages that naturally emerge from human interaction, is intentionally devised by a person or group for a particular purpose. The term constructed language is often shortened to conlang and, as a relatively broad term, it encompasses subcategories including: fictional, artificial, engineered, planned and invented languages. Conlangs may include aspects reminiscent of natural language including phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary. Interlinguistics includes the study of constructed languages.
DCI-P3
DCI-P3 is an RGB color space defined in 2005 as part of the Digital Cinema Initiative, for use in theatrical digital motion picture distribution (DCDM). Display P3 is a variant developed by Apple Inc. for wide-gamut displays.

Xenon arc lamp
A xenon arc lamp is a highly specialized type of gas discharge lamp, an electric light that produces light by passing electricity through ionized xenon gas at high pressure. It produces a bright white light to simulate sunlight, with applications in movie projectors in theaters, in searchlights, and for specialized uses in industry and research. For example, Xenon arc lamps and mercury lamps are the two most common lamps used in wide-field fluorescence microscopes.
Sudden awakening
Sudden awakening or Sudden enlightenment (Chinese: 頓悟; pinyin: Dùnwù; Japanese pronunciation: tongo), also known as subitism, is a Buddhist idea which holds that practitioners can achieve an instantaneous insight into ultimate reality (Buddha-nature, or the nature of mind). This awakening is described as being attained "suddenly," "in one glance," "uncovered all together," "beyond conceptual elaborations” or "together, completely, simultaneously," in contrast to "successively or being uncovered one after the other." It may be posited as opposite to gradualism, an approach which says that insight can be achieved only through a long gradual step by step process.

Prajñā (Buddhism)
Prajñā (प्रज्ञा) or paññā (𑀧𑀜𑁆𑀜𑀸) is a Buddhist term often translated as "wisdom", "transcendental wisdom", "insight", "intelligence", or "understanding". It is described in Buddhist texts as the understanding of the true nature of phenomena. In the context of Buddhist meditation, it is the ability to understand the three characteristics of all things: anicca ("impermanence"), dukkha ("dissatisfaction" or "suffering"), and anattā ("non-self" or "egolessness"). Mahāyāna texts describe it as the understanding of śūnyatā ("emptiness"). It is part of the Threefold Training in Buddhism, and is one of the ten pāramīs of Theravāda Buddhism and one of the six Mahāyāna pāramitās.
Sphaerobothria
Sphaerobothria is a monotypic genus of Central American tarantulas containing the single species, Sphaerobothria hoffmanni. It was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1879, and is found in Panama and Costa Rica.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Korg Collection
The Korg Collection (initially launched as the Korg Legacy Collection in 2004) is a suite of virtual instruments and effects that emulate Korg's various hardware synthesizers. The original release included virtual versions of the MS-20, Polysix and Wavestation. Subsequent additions have expanded the collection to feature emulations of the Mono/Poly, M1, ARP Odyssey, Triton, miniKORG 700S, Prophecy, microKORG, PS-3300, Trinity, Vox Continental, ARP2600, and both the EP1 and SGX2 Sound Engines originally featured on the Korg Kronos. These plugins utilize Korg's Component Modeling Technology (CMT) to simulate the analog characteristics of the original instruments. The collection is compatible with VST, AU, and AAX plugin formats and includes standalone versions for use outside a digital audio workstation (DAW).

Korg
KORG Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社コルグ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Korugu), founded as Keio Electronic Laboratories, is a Japanese multinational corporation that manufactures electronic musical instruments, audio processors and guitar pedals, recording equipment, and electronic tuners. Under the Vox brand name, it also manufactures guitar amplifiers and electric guitars.
Borno South Senatorial District
Borno SouthListenⓘ is one of the three senatorial districts in Borno State, Nigeria. Located in the southern part of the state, the district is made up of nine local government areas. The local government areas include: Biu, Hawul, Kwaya Kusar, Shani, Damboa, Chibok, Askira/Uba, Bayo, Gwoza. Mohammed Ali Ndume is the current senator representing the district, he has been representing the district since 2011.

Hawul
HawulListenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. It is located in the southern part of the state.  The headquarters of the LGA are in the town of Azare and the area is made up of towns and villages which include Dagiza, Bantali, Damudanaka, Kidang, Samari, Pakilama, Tong, Ghuma, and Shaffa. Hawul LGA is part of the Biu Emirate with the Emir superintending over the traditional affairs of the LGA. The Hausa, Kanuri, and Fufulde languages are commonly spoken in the LGA while Islam and Christianity are widely practiced in the LGA.
It has an area of 2,098 km2 and a population of about 120,000 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 603.

It is one of the four LGAs that constitute the Biu Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
American Issue Publishing House
The American Issue Publishing Company, incorporated in 1909, was the holding company of the Anti-Saloon League of America. Its printing presses operated 24 hours a day and it employed 200 people in the small town of Westerville, Ohio, where the company had its headquarters. Within the first three years of its existence the publishing house was producing about 250,000,000 (one quarter billion) book pages per month, and the quantity increased yearly. This dwarfed the output of the National Temperance Society and Publishing House, which took over half a century to print one billion pages.

The American Issue Publishing Company played a major role in advancing the interests of the temperance movement. Not only did it publish an enormous quantity of temperance materials, but it also produced some of the most prestigious temperance publications; including The Standard Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem, a multi-volume work edited by Ernest Cherrington and published between 1924 and 1930.

Westerville, Ohio
Westerville is a city in Franklin and Delaware counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. A northeastern suburb of Columbus, its population was 39,190 at the 2020 census. The city is home to Otterbein University. It was once known as the "Dry Capital of the World" for its strict laws prohibiting sales of alcohol and for being the home of the Anti-Saloon League, one of the driving forces behind the Prohibition era at the beginning of the 20th century.
Ahiara
5°31′40.2″N 7°16′23.9″E﻿ / ﻿5.527833°N 7.273306°E﻿ / 5.527833; 7.273306

Ahiara is a city in Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. The city stands about 16 miles between Owerri and Umuahia. It was the location of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu's Ahiara Declaration during the Nigerian Civil War. It is the location of the Catholic diocese in Mbaise. The first recorded Ahiara contact with Europeans was around 1905 when the British expedition got mixed up in local warfare, of which a British man named Dr. Stewart was a victim. Ahiara people were attacked by British forces in a reprisal invasion which forced many citizens to flee and never return.

The Ahiara Slogan is Decent Dexterity.

Owerri
Owerri listenⓘ (/oʊˈwɛri/ oh-Way-Ray, Igbo: Owèrrè) is the capital city of Imo State in Nigeria, set in the heart of Igboland. It is also the state's largest city, followed by Orlu, Okigwe and Ohaji/Egbema. Owerri consists of three Local Government Areas namely Owerri Municipal, Owerri North and Owerri West. It has an estimated population of 1,401,873 as of 2016 and is approximately 551.00 square kilometres (212.743 sq mi) in area combining the 3 local government making up Owerri. Owerri is bordered by the Otamiri River to the east and the Nworie River to the south. The Owerri Slogan is Heartland. It is also called the Las Vegas of Africa, due to the night life of the city and the numerous hotels, casino and leisure parks all over the city.
Greywacke
Greywacke or graywacke (German: Grauwacke 'a grey, earthy rock') is a variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness (6–7 on Mohs scale), dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments or sand-size lithic fragments set in a compact, clay-fine matrix. It is a texturally immature sedimentary rock generally found in Paleozoic strata. The larger grains can be sand- to gravel-sized, and matrix materials generally constitute more than 15% of the rock by volume.

Gneiss
Gneiss (/naɪs/ NYSE) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures ranging from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F). Gneiss nearly always shows a banded texture characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands and without a distinct cleavage.

Gneisses are common in the ancient crust of continental shields. Some of the oldest rocks on Earth are gneisses, such as the Acasta Gneiss.
National Centre Union
National Centre Union (Spanish: Unión del Centro Nacional, UCN) was a political party in Guatemala founded in 1983, by Jorge Carpio Nicolle, Ramiro de León Carpio and Mario Taracena.

It was succeeded ideologically in 1995 by the Partido de Avanzada Nacional (PAN) and then in 2003 by the Gran Alianza Nacional (GANA).

National Advancement Party
The National Advancement Party (Spanish: Partido de Avanzada Nacional) was a conservative political party in Guatemala. It was founded in 1989.

In the 1990 and 1995 elections its presidential candidate was Álvaro Arzú who won in 1995, becoming Guatemala's 32nd president (1996–2000).
Óscar Berger ran as the party's presidential candidate in the 1999 Guatemalan General Election becoming the runner-up in 1999. After winning PAN’s presidential candidacy in late 2002, he was going to run as the party's presidential candidate in the 2003 Guatemalan General Election. However, internal divisions plagued the party and Óscar Berger decided to leave PAN and enter the second round of the 2003 presidential elections as the candidate for the Gran Alianza Nacional (GANA), an alliance of 3 parties including Partido Patriota (PP), Movimiento Reformador (MR) and Partido Solidaridad Nacional (PSN).
Baoji–Zhongwei railway
The Baoji–Zhongwei railway is a railway line in northwest China: it starts in Baoji in Shaanxi, passes through Pingliang in Gansu and finally ends in Zhenluobao (镇罗堡) in Zhongwei in Ningxia, with a total length of 498.19 kilometres. Construction on the railway started in 1990 and track laying was completed on 10 July 1994. It was electrified and opened in the following year on 8 June 1995. The railway is under the jurisdiction of the Xi'an Railway Bureau in Shaanxi and the Lanzhou Railway Bureau in Gansu and Ningxia. The line is  single-track and electrified. It is a key line connecting Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia.

There are plans to make the line double-tracked and increase the maximum speed to 160 km/h.

China Railway Xi'an Group
China Railway Xi'an Group, officially abbreviated as CR Xi'an or CR-Xi'an, formerly, Xi'an Railway Administration is a subsidiary company under the jurisdiction of the China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). The company was founded in 2005 as a bureau and incorporated as a company in 2017.

It supervises the railway network within Shaanxi and northeastern parts of Sichuan.
Sant Joan de Vilatorrada
Sant Joan de Vilatorrada (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsaɲ ʒuˈan də ˌβilətuˈraðə]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Bages in Catalonia, Spain. It is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) away from Barcelona.

The town of Sant Joan de Vilatorrada is located at 3 km. from Manresa, the capital of the Bages comarca (county). The municipal limits are: in the North Sant Mateu de Bages and Callús, in the Northeast Santpedor; in the East Sant Fruitós de Bages, in the South-east Manresa and in the West Fonollosa.

In addition to the main namesake town, the municipality also contains the population entities of Sant Martí de Torroella and Joncadella.

Sant Mateu de Bages
Sant Mateu de Bages (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsam məˈtew ðə ˈβaʒəs]) is a village in the comarca of Bages in province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 102.93 square kilometres (39.74 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 644.
Pogonia ophioglossoides
Pogonia ophioglossoides, also known the snakemouth orchid, adder's tongue or rose pogonia, is a species of orchid occurring from central Canada to the east-central and eastern United States. This species occurs in wet habitats. It is the type species of the genus Pogonia, and is the only species of its genus native to North America.

Pogonia (plant)
Pogonia is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae) belonging to the subfamily Vanilloideae.

The genus takes its name from the Greek pōgōn and pōgōníās, meaning, respectively, 'beard' and 'bearded.'

The species of Pogonia are widespread in East Asia and eastern North America. They usually grow in open, sunny locations, often in moist to wet, sometimes flooded places.
Calorie restriction
Calorie restriction (CR, also known as caloric restriction or energy restriction) is a dietary regimen that reduces the energy intake from foods and beverages without incurring malnutrition. The possible effect of calorie restriction on body weight management, longevity, and aging-associated diseases has been an active area of research.

Diet (nutrition)
In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.
The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related). Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos. This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons. Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.

Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.
Cho Yoon-ok
Cho Yoon-ok (25 February 1940 – 22 June 2002) was a South Korean football player and manager. Considered one of Asia's greatest inside forwards in the 1960s, Cho led South Korea to an AFC Asian Cup title. He also participated at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Korean National Semi-Professional Football League
The Korean National Semi-professional Football League was contested between South Korean works teams and military teams from 1964 to 2002. It was the predecessor of the Korea National League which was founded in 2003.