hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vale of Montgomery
The Vale of Montgomery (Welsh: Dyffryn Trefaldwyn) is an area of low land straddling the border between Shropshire, England and the former county of Montgomeryshire (part of modern Powys), Wales. The three principal settlements within it are the former county town of Montgomery (Welsh: Trefaldwyn) and the village of Churchstoke (Welsh: Yr Ystog), both in Wales, and Chirbury in England. The earthworks of Offa's Dyke run NNW-ESE through the middle of the vale and are followed by the Offa's Dyke Path. The national boundary also follows this monument for 3 km within the vale. The River Camlad rises to the southeast of the vale whilst its tributary the Caebitra rises to its southwest. They combine at Churchstoke and flow north within a gorge along the eastern margin of the vale, before turning west across the north end of the vale to join the River Severn.

Montgomeryshire
Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn 'the shire of Baldwin's town', or simply Maldwyn) was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974, later becoming a district of Powys from 1974 to 1996. It was named after its county town, Montgomery, which in turn was named after one of William the Conqueror's main counsellors, Roger de Montgomerie, who was the 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.

The area of what was Montgomeryshire, now constitutes the northern part of the county of Powys. The current area was 2,174 square km (839 square miles).

The largest town was Newtown, followed by Welshpool and Llanidloes.
Calcium channel
A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous with voltage-gated calcium channel, which are a type of calcium channel regulated by changes in membrane potential. Some calcium channels are regulated by the binding of a ligand. Other calcium channels can also be regulated by both voltage and ligands to provide precise control over ion flow. Some cation channels allow calcium as well as other cations to pass through the membrane.

Calcium channels can participate in the creation of action potentials across cell membranes. Calcium channels can also be used to release calcium ions as second messengers within the cell, affecting downstream signaling pathways.

Membrane potential
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. It equals the interior potential minus the exterior potential. This is the energy (i.e. work) per charge which is required to move a (very small) positive charge at constant velocity across the cell membrane from the exterior to the interior. (If the charge is allowed to change velocity, the change of kinetic energy and production of radiation must be taken into account.)

Typical values of membrane potential, normally given in units of millivolts and denoted as mV, range from −80 mV to −40 mV. For such typical negative membrane potentials, positive work is required to move a positive charge from the interior to the exterior. However, thermal kinetic energy allows ions to overcome the potential difference. For a selectively permeable membrane, this permits a net flow against the gradient.
2012 United States Olympic trials (track and field)
The 2012 United States Olympic trials for track and field were held at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon. Organized by USA Track and Field, the ten-day competition lasted from June 21 until July 1 and served as the  national championships in track and field for the United States.

The results of the event determined qualification for the American Olympic team at the 2012 Summer Olympics, to be held in London. Provided they had achieved the Olympic "A" standard, the top three athletes gained a place on the Olympic team. In the event that a leading athlete did not hold an "A" standard, or an athlete withdrew, the next highest finishing athlete with an "A" standard was selected instead.

The trials for the men's and women's marathon were held January 14 in Houston and the trials for the men's 50 km race walk were held January 22 in Santee, California. The hammer throw competitions were held at the Nike facility in Beaverton, Oregon.

USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. Since the year 1992, in the years which feature a Summer Olympics, World Athletics Championships, Pan American Games, NACAC Championships, or an IAAF Continental Cup, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Kirklandet
Kirklandet or Gomalandet is an island in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The island is split in two by the Vågen inlet, with the western half called Kirklandet and the eastern half called Gomalandet. The name of the island means "church land", since it has been the historic site of a church. Today, Kirkelandet Church is located on the western part of the island.

This is the main island of the city of Kristiansund, with the island of Innlandet to the southwest, the island of Nordlandet to the southeast, and the island of Skorpa to the east. The main highway on the island is Norwegian National Road 70. The Sørsund Bridge connects the island to Innlandet and the Nordsund Bridge connects it to the island of Nordlandet. The Atlantic Ocean Tunnel connects it to the island of Averøya to the west.

Averøya
Averøya is an island in Averøy Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located north of the Romsdal peninsula surrounded by the Kornstadfjorden on the west and the Kvernesfjorden on the south and east, and the Bremsnesfjorden on the northeast. The main villages on the 161-square-kilometre (62 sq mi) island include Bruhagen, Kvernes, Kornstad, Kårvåg, Langøyneset, and Bremsnes. The island has a population (2023) of 5,872.

The island is connected to the mainland by the Atlanterhavsveien road, and it is connected to Kristiansund via the Atlantic Ocean Tunnel.
Classic Masters (Blind Melon album)
Classic Masters is a compilation album by Blind Melon. Classic Masters was released on January 29, 2002.

At the time of its release, Classic Masters drew some ire from the music press, most of whom quickly picked up on the differences between the Classic Masters versions and their complete album counterparts. For example, "Mouthful of Cavities" has the spoken "Listen, man. I got the window open [Do] you hear the cats, man? Listen." intro by frontman Shannon Hoon excised.

Nico (album)
Nico is a compilation album by American rock band Blind Melon, released in 1996 by Capitol Records. The album was released after lead singer Shannon Hoon's cocaine overdose that resulted in his death in 1995. The album was named for his daughter, Nico Blue, and the proceeds arising from album sales were placed in a college trust for her. It features
unreleased tracks, recordings started by Hoon and finished by the band, unreleased versions of previous songs ("No Rain" and "St. Andrew's Hall") and the cover songs "The Pusher" (Hoyt Axton) and "John Sinclair" (John Lennon).
4th Air and Air Defence Forces Command
The 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Command was a formation of the Russian Air Force. It was formed on 1 December 2009 from the amalgamation of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army and 5th Air and Air Defence Forces Army. The command's headquarters was in Rostov-on-Don, and it was responsible for the air defence of the North Caucasus Military District and the Volga-Urals Military District. The command became the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army again on 1 August 2015.

51st Air Defence Division
The 51st Air Defense Division, abbreviated 51 dpvo, (Military Unit Number 42352) is an air defense formation of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which in turn is operationally subordinate to the Southern Military District. The headquarters is located in Novocherkassk.
1986 Bridgestone Doubles Championships
The 1986 Bridgestone Doubles Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Nashville, Tennessee in the United States that was part of the 1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the 12th edition of the tournament and was held from March 28 through March 30, 1986. The first-seeded team of Barbara Potter and Pam Shriver won the title.

1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series  was the 14th season since the foundation of the Women's Tennis Association. It commenced on March 24, 1986, and concluded in December, 1986 after 41 events. The season was abbreviated in order to return the tour to a calendar year basis.

The Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). It was held in place of the WTA Tour from 1983 until 1987 and featured tournaments that had previously been part of the Toyota Series and the Avon Series. It included the four Grand Slam tournaments and a series of other events. ITF tournaments were not part of the tour, although they awarded points for the WTA World Ranking. No Australian Open was held during 1986 due to the tournament start date being moved from November to January.
Easter Pink
"Easter Pink" is a song by British rapper Fakemink. It was released as a single on 17 January 2025, through EtnaVeraVela. Produced by electronic duo Suzy Sheer, the song draws influences from cloud rap, bloghouse, and electroclash. The song received critical acclaim and contributed to Fakemink's popularity.

Internet rap
Internet rap (originally known as blog rap or online rap) is a style of hip-hop that emerged in the late 2000s, initially spreading through the online blogosphere, and early social media platforms like Myspace and later Tumblr, as well as mixtape-sharing site DatPiff.

Internet rap encompasses various online styles and aesthetics deeply intertwined with internet culture, memes, and digital communities. Unlike traditional hip-hop, internet rap is characterized by music primarily influenced by the internet and born out of online communities. Artists often favor online music distribution platforms such as SoundCloud, with songs frequently promoted and shared through streaming services like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.

Though many internet rappers achieve mainstream success, artists within this label have been described as alternative or underground rap. The scene was originally based primarily on trap music but later gave rise to several microgenres and internet subcultures.
Ardabil province
Ardabil province (Persian: استان اردبیل) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ardabil. The province is in the northwest of the country, in Region 3, bordering the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, and Gilan. Spanning an area of 18,011 km2, and established in 1993, Ardabil was carved out of the eastern part of East Azerbaijan province.

Provinces of Iran
Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces (Persian: استان, romanized: Ostân), which are the first-level administrative divisions of the country. Each province is governed from a local centre, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital (Persian: مرکز, romanized: Markaz) of the province. The provincial authority is headed by a governor-general (Persian: استاندار, romanized: Ostândâr), who is appointed by the Minister of the Interior subject to approval of the cabinet. The provinces are subdivided into counties, districts (Persian: بخش, romanized: bakhsh) and villages.
Outline of free software
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to free software and the free software movement:

Free software – software which can be run, studied, examined, modified, and redistributed freely (without any cost). This type of software, which was given its name in 1983, has also come to be known as "open-source software", "software libre",  "FOSS", and "FLOSS". The term "Free" refers to it being unfettered, rather than being free of charge.

Free Software Foundation Europe
The Free Software Foundation Europe e.V. (FSFE) is an organization that supports free software and all aspects of the free software movement in Europe, with registered chapters in several European countries. It is a registered voluntary association (German: eingetragener Verein) incorporated under German law.
Annual Ukulele Festival
The Annual Ukulele Festival was held each July in Hawaii from 1971 to 2022. It was founded in 1971 by Roy Sakuma with the support of the Waikiki Department of Parks. The event drew large crowds to listen to free concerts by both amateur and top ukulele musicians.

Waikīkī
Waikīkī  (/ˌwaɪkɪˈkiː/; Hawaiian: [wɐjˈkiːkiː, vɐjˈtiːtiː]) is a Honolulu neighborhood and the eponymous Waikīkī beach on its south shore, on the island of Oʻahu in the U.S. state of Hawaii. (Despite situational use of the spelling "Waikiki", typically in materials aimed at tourists, the spelling "Waikīkī" is official and common.)

Waikīkī Beach is one of six beaches in the district, along with Queen's Beach, Kuhio Beach, Gray's Beach, Fort DeRussy Beach, and Kahanamoku Beach. The sandy beach is almost entirely man-made.

Waikīkī (Hawaii) is home to public places including Kapiʻolani Park, Fort DeRussy, Kahanamoku Lagoon, Kūhiō Beach Park, and Ala Wai Harbor. Waikīkī was the first capital of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1795 to 1796.
David Copperfield (1966 TV serial)
David Copperfield is a BBC television serial starring Ian McKellen in the title role of the adaptation of Charles Dickens's 1850 novel that began airing in January 1966. It also featured Tina Packer as Dora, Flora Robson as Betsey Trotwood, Gordon Gostelow as Barkis, and Christopher Guard as young David. The screenplay adaptation was written by Vincent Tilsley, who had also written the screenplay for the 1956 adaptation almost a decade earlier.

It had a viewership of over 12 million for its initial airings. Only four of the serial's thirteen episodes (3, 8, 9 and 11) are known to exist. It is said to be remarkably similar to the 1956 adaptation that preceded it, although that version is now completely lost.

Screenonline
Screenonline is a website about the history of British film, television and social history as documented by film and television. The project has been developed by the British Film Institute and funded by a £1.2 million grant from the National Lottery New Opportunities Fund.

Reviews featured on the site are usually of significant film or television topics, including production companies, films and television programmes. The site also offers downloads of clips or full episodes of television programmes, although these are only viewable in registered libraries and educational institutions.
Cho Gu-ham
Cho Gu-ham (Korean: 조구함; RR: Jo Gu-ham, born 30 July 1992) is a South Korean retired judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 100 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the third round by Artem Bloshenko.

Artem Bloshenko
Artem Oleksiyovych Bloshenko (Ukrainian: Артем Олексійович Блошенко; born 1 February 1985) is a Ukrainian heavyweight judoka who competed at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games.

Bloshenko graduated from Donetsk State Institute of Health, Physical Education and Sport. He is married to Ekaterina and has a son Maxim. His elder brother Andrei is also a competitive judoka.
2005 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 2005 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 111th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 29 May to 16 October 2005.

Ahane entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they surrendered their title after failing to qualify from the group stage. Ballybrown's relegation brought an end to 38 years of top tier hurling for the club.

The final was played on 16 October 2005 at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick, between Garryspillane and Kilmallock, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Garryspillane won the match by 2–15 to 2–12 to claim their first ever championship title.

Kilmallock's Andrew O'Shaughnessy was the championship's top scorer with 8–26.

1887 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1887 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.

On 17 July 1887, Murroe won the championship following a 1–00 to 0–01 defeat of South Liberties in the final. This remains the club's only championship title.
Xipaya language
Xipaya (or Shipaja or Xipaia) is an endangered language spoken in the Pará region of Brazil. It is one of the approximately 70 Tupian languages of South America. At last count, Xipaya was only spoken by two elderly women in Altamira, Pará. It is closely related to the Yuruna language.

Juruna language
The Juruna language, also known as Yudjá, is spoken in Brazil. It is spoken in the Xingu Indigenous Park of Mato Grosso state. In 2001 there were 278 native speakers. It is the last survivor of the Yuruna languages.
Adlumia
Adlumia is a genus of two species in the family Papaveraceae. The genus name derives from John Adlum (1759–1836), a surveyor, associate judge, plantsman and agriculturist who ran an 80 hectares (200 acres) experimental farm in Georgetown, Washington, D.C. The genus was first described and published in Syst. Nat. Vol.2 on page 111 in 1821.

One species, Adlumia fungosa, is commonly known as the Allegheny vine, climbing fumitory, or mountain fringe. It is found in the eastern US, north of VA and TN, as far west as IA and MN, as well as in eastern Canada.

The other species, Adlumia asiatica, is native to Korea and immediately neighbouring parts of China (in Manchuria) and southeast Russia (within Amur and Khabarovsk).

Adlumia fungosa
Adlumia fungosa is a species in the Papaveraceae that is commonly known as the Allegheny vine, climbing fumitory, or mountain fringe. It is a herbaceous, creeping, flowering plant and is closely related to the Fumitory genus, Fumaria.

Adlumia fungosa is a biennial climbing plant with very slender stems. The leaves are several times pinnately divided, prehensile, and feathery in texture. The white or pinkish flowers grow in large clusters and appear in summer. The plant grows on wet and wooded slopes, and is native to North America, particularly the Allegheny Mountains area. It is a threatened or endangered species throughout its range in northeastern North America, where it has not been completely extirpated. This vine can grow up to twelve feet in length on wooded and rocky slopes.

The species name fungosa means 'spongy' in Latin.
Jorge Ortiz (fighter)
Jorge Ortiz is a retired Mexican professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. A professional since 2002, he has competed for Strikeforce, Shooto, Bellator, and King of the Cage.

2009 in Bellator MMA
2009 in Bellator MMA was the first installment of the Bellator Fighting Championships (Bellator FC)-produced series. It started broadcasting April 3, 2009, through an exclusive television agreement with ESPN Deportes. The episodes had a one-day tape delay.
Jutaro Nakao
Jutaro Nakao Japanese: 中尾受太郎 (born November 30, 1970) is a Japanese mixed martial artist. He competes in both the Lightweight and Welterweight divisions.

A judo based fighter, Nakao is known for his chiseled physique and high defensive abilities on the ring, being difficult to finish off by his opponents. He is also famous for his prowess with the triangle choke, having received the nickname of "King of Triangle" by the Japanese press due to his multiple victories through said technique.

He is also one of the few fighters who have a legal win through the popularly called "rape choke" or two-handed stranglehold, after defeating Thomas Denny with it.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
North Moluccan Malay
North Moluccan Malay (also known as Ternate Malay) is a Malay-based creole language spoken on Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Halmahera, and Sula Islands in North Maluku for intergroup communications. The local name of the language is bahasa Pasar (literally 'market language'), and the name Ternate Malay is also used, after the main ethnic group speaking the language. It is commonly written using Indonesian orthography. One of its varieties is Sula Malay, which was formed with the influence of Ambonese Malay.

A large percentage of this language's lexicon has been borrowed from Ternatean, such as, ngana 'you (sg.)', ngoni 'you (pl.)', bifi 'ant', and fuma 'stupid', and its syntax and semantics have received heavy influence from the surrounding West Papuan languages. Other vernacular forms of Malay spoken in eastern Indonesia, such as Manado Malay and Papuan Malay, are said to be derived from an earlier form of North Moluccan Malay.

Possession (linguistics)
In linguistics, possession is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which (the possessor) in some sense possesses (owns, has as a part, rules over, etc.) the referent of the other (the possessed).

Possession may be marked in many ways, such as simple juxtaposition of nouns, possessive case, possessed case, construct state (as in Arabic and Nêlêmwa), or adpositions (possessive suffixes, possessive adjectives). For example, English uses a possessive clitic, 's; a preposition, of; and adjectives, my, your, his, her, etc.

Predicates denoting possession may be formed either by using a verb (such as the English have) or by other means, such as existential clauses (as is usual in languages such as Russian).

Some languages have more than two possessive classes. In Papua New Guinea, for example, the Anêm language has at least 20 and the Amele language has 32.
Exploration of the High Alps
Exploration of the higher region of the Alps by travellers from outside the immediate region only became popular from the 18th century. About 20 glacier passes were known before 1600, 25 more before 1700, and another 20 before 1800. While an attempt in 1689 to "re-open" the Col du Géant by Philibert-Amédée Arnod, an official from the duchy of Aosta, may be counted as having been made by a non-native, historical records do not show any further such activities until the last quarter of the 18th century.  There are some records of very early ascents by non-natives, including that of the Rocciamelone in 1358 in fulfilment of a vow; that of the Mont Aiguille in 1492 by order of Charles VIII of France; and the ascent of the Gnepfstein, the lowest and the most westerly of the seven summits by Conrad Gessner in 1555.

Mont Aiguille
Mont Aiguille (Occitan: Mont Agulha) (2,087 m (6,847 ft)) is a mountain in the Vercors Massif of the French Prealps, located 58 km (36 mi) south of Grenoble, in the commune of Chichilianne, and the département of Isère.  The mountain, known as one of the Seven Wonders of Dauphiné, is a relatively flat limestone mesa surrounded by steep cliffs. The mountain lies within an area designated in 1970 as the Vercors Regional Natural Park. Mont Aiguille's limestone cliffs, especially on the northwest side, are popular with climbers. Its first climb in 1492 was said to mark the birth of mountaineering.