hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arabic exonyms
This list of Arabic exonyms includes names that are significantly different from the names of the same places in other languages, as well as names of Arabic origin in countries (especially Spain) where Arabic is no longer spoken. Some of these exonyms are no longer in use, these are marked by italics.

Places not mentioned are generally referred to in Arabic by their respective names in their native languages, adapted to Arabic phonology as necessary.

Standard Arabic phonology
While many languages have numerous dialects that differ in phonology, contemporary spoken Arabic is more properly described as a continuum of varieties. This article deals primarily with Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the standard variety shared by educated speakers throughout Arabic-speaking regions. MSA is used in writing in formal print media and orally in newscasts, speeches and formal declarations of numerous types.

Modern Standard Arabic has 28 consonant phonemes and 6 vowel phonemes, with four "emphatic" (pharyngealized) consonants that contrast with their non-emphatic counterparts. Some of these phonemes have coalesced in the various modern dialects, while new phonemes have been introduced through borrowing or phonemic splits. A "phonemic quality of length" applies to consonants as well as vowels.
Communist Party (Free City of Danzig)
The Communist Party in Danzig (present-day Gdańsk) was initially founded as a subdivision of the East Prussian section (bezirk) of the KPD. In 1921 a separate party branch of the KPD in the Free City of Danzig was set up. While the Party did not run in the first elections of 1920, twelve members of the USPD in the Volkstag joined the Communist Party on 28 January 1921 (seven of them joining the Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Danzig in June 1923). In the following elections the Party ran with varying success.
In early 1930s, the Communist Party had around 800 members.

The KPD East Prussia-Free City of Danzig organization (bezirk) published the daily newspaper Die rote Fahne des Ostens. The KPD Danzig published Das freie Volk and Danziger Arbeiterzeitung.

The Communist Party was banned in the Free City of Danzig on 28 May 1934 by the Nazi Government but continued to run in the 1935 Volkstag elections as "list Plenikowski".

Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Danzig
The Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Danzig (German: Sozialdemokratische Partei der Freien Stadt Danzig) was a political party in the Free City of Danzig. After the creation of the Free City of Danzig in 1919, the Danzig branch of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) separated itself from the party, and created the Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Danzig. The new party did however maintain close links with the SPD, and its political orientation (for example its anti-Soviet/anti-communist approach) was largely the same as that of the SPD.

The party participated in coalition government together with bourgeois parties between August 1925 and October 1926, and again between January 1928 and August 1930.
Michael Trizano
Michael Charles Trizano (born December 31, 1991) is an American professional mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Featherweight division of Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor since 2016, Trizano was the winner of  The Ultimate Fighter: Undefeated season 27 (TUF 27).

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).
TB9Cs3H1 snoRNA
TB9Cs3H1 is a member of the H/ACA-like class of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines of substrate RNAs. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) thus named because of its cellular localization in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell.  TB9Cs3H1 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of LSU3 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at residue Ψ1208.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
2021 Internazionali di Tennis del Friuli Venezia Giulia
The 2021 Internazionali di Tennis del Friuli Venezia Giulia was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cordenons, Italy between 2 and 8 August 2021.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
Lestes pinheyi
Lestes pinheyi is a species of damselfly in the family Lestidae, the spreadwings. It is known commonly as Pinhey's spreadwing. It is native to central Africa, where it is widespread. It lives in pools and swamps. It is not considered to be threatened.

Lestidae
The Lestidae are a rather small family of cosmopolitan, large-sized, slender damselflies,
known commonly as the spreadwings or spread-winged damselflies.

Fossil lestids are known from the Late Eocene onwards.
2004 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final
The 2004 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the 73rd All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 2004 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

This final marked the centenary of the first camogie match, played in 1904. Tipperary won easily, Claire Grogan scoring nine points.

2004 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 2004 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship—known as the Foras na Gaeilge All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship for sponsorship reasons—was the high point of the 2004 season, the centenary year for the sport of camogie. The championship was won by Tipperary who defeated Cork by an eight-point margin in the final. The attendance was a then record of 24,567.
Moncton Centre (electoral district)
Moncton Centre is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was contested in the 2014 general election, having been created in the 2013 redistribution of electoral boundaries.

The district includes the geographic centre of Moncton, but excludes the downtown which falls in Moncton South.

It draws about 60% of its population from the old Moncton East and about 40% from the old district of Moncton North.  Moncton East incumbent Chris Collins won the 2014 election.

Moncton East (electoral district, 1974–2014)
Moncton East (French: Moncton-Est) was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. Prior to 2007, it has been held by only two individuals both of whom served as Premier of New Brunswick. Ray Frenette, a Liberal who served as premier from 1997 to 1998, represented the district from its creation for the 1974 election until he resigned in 1998. Bernard Lord, a Progressive Conservative who served as premier from 1999 to 2006, won the seat in a by-election after Frenette's resignation until his own resignation on January 31, 2007.  Its last MLA, Liberal Chris Collins, was elected in a by-election to replace Lord.

The district was abolished at the 2013 redistribution, however a new district by the same name was created out of a minority of its territory and population.
Clara and Julius Schmidt House
The Clara and Julius Schmidt House is a historic house in Wabasha, Minnesota, United States.  It was built in 1888 in the Italianate style and features architectural details rendered in tin.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 for its local significance in the theme of architecture.  It was nominated for being a prominent example of the brick homes constructed by Wabasha's late-19th-century merchant class, one made particularly distinctive by its tinwork.

Wabasha, Minnesota
Wabasha is a city and the county seat of Wabasha County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 2,559 at the time of the 2020 census. It is on the Mississippi River, near its confluence with the Zumbro River.
Gmina Pszczew
Gmina Pszczew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Pszczew, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Międzyrzecz, 46 km (29 mi) south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski, and 62 km (39 mi) north of Zielona Góra.

The gmina covers an area of 177.64 square kilometres (68.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 4,218.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park.

Międzyrzecz County
Międzyrzecz County (Polish: Powiat międzyrzecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Międzyrzecz, which lies 48 km (30 mi) south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski and 68 km (42 mi) north of Zielona Góra. The county also contains the towns of Skwierzyna, lying 19 km (12 mi) north of Międzyrzecz, and Trzciel, 25 km (16 mi) south-east of Międzyrzecz.

The county covers an area of 1,387.61 square kilometres (535.76 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 57,851, out of which the population of Międzyrzecz is 17,994, that of Skwierzyna is 9,671, that of Trzciel is 2,391, and the rural population is 27,795.
2021 Volvo Car Open – Singles
Veronika Kudermetova defeated Danka Kovinić in the final, 6–4, 6–2, to win the singles tennis title at the 2021 Charleston Open. Kudermetova did not drop a set en route to her first career Women's Tennis Association (WTA) singles title.

Madison Keys was the defending champion, but she lost in the second round to Sloane Stephens in a rematch of the previous tournament's quarterfinal. As all losing quarterfinalists were previous WTA title holders, all four semifinalists were in contention to become a maiden WTA champion.

2019 Volvo Car Open – Singles
Madison Keys won the title, defeating Caroline Wozniacki in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–3. This was the final WTA tour singles final Wozniacki participated in before her first retirement in January 2020.

Kiki Bertens was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Maria Sakkari.
Gmina Żarów
Gmina Żarów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Żarów, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Świdnica, and 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 87.98 square kilometres (34.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 12,412.

Świdnica County
Świdnica County (Polish: powiat świdnicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 742.9 square kilometres (286.8 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Świdnica, and it also contains the towns of Świebodzice, Strzegom, Jaworzyna Śląska and Żarów.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 157,178. The most populated towns are Świdnica with 57,041 inhabitants, Świebodzice with 22,793 inhabitants, and Strzegom with 16,106 inhabitants.
Crombec
Sylvietta, the crombecs, is a genus of African warblers. Formerly placed in the massively paraphyletic family Sylviidae, it is now considered to belong to a newly recognized family found only in Africa, Macrosphenidae.

It contains the following species:

Green crombec, Sylvietta virens

Lemon-bellied crombec, Sylvietta denti

White-browed crombec, Sylvietta leucophrys
Chapin's crombec, Sylvietta (leucophrys) chapini - possibly extinct (late 20th century?)

Northern crombec, Sylvietta brachyura

Philippa's crombec, Sylvietta philippae

Red-capped crombec, Sylvietta ruficapilla

Red-faced crombec, Sylvietta whytii

Somali crombec, Sylvietta isabellina

Long-billed crombec, Sylvietta rufescens

Green crombec
The green crombec (Sylvietta virens) is a species of African warbler, formerly placed in the family Sylviidae.
It is widespread across the African tropical rainforest.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.
Omega Canis Majoris
Omega Canis Majoris is a solitary, blue-white-hued star in the equatorial constellation of Canis Major. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ω Canis Majoris, and abbreviated Omega CMa or ω CMa. This star is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of about 4. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 3.56 mas as seen from Earth, this system is located roughly 920 light-years (280 pc) away from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a line of sight velocity of 23 km/s.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
1974 NCAA Division II football season
The 1974 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division II level, began in September and concluded with the Division II Championship on December 14 at Hughes Stadium in Sacramento, California.

Central Michigan defeated Delaware 54–15 in the Camellia Bowl to win their only Division II national title. CMU moved up to Division I in 1975.

Camellia Bowl (1961–1980)
The Camellia Bowl was an annual college football postseason game in Sacramento, California, which is nicknamed the Camellia City.  It was held sixteen times at Hughes Stadium, from 1961 through 1975, and once more in 1980.
Röllbach
Röllbach (German pronunciation: [ˈʁœlbax]) is a municipality in the Miltenberg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Mönchberg.

Miltenberg (district)
Miltenberg (German: [ˈmɪltn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the city of Aschaffenburg, the districts of Aschaffenburg and Main-Spessart, and the states of Baden-Württemberg (districts of Main-Tauber and Neckar-Odenwald) and Hesse (districts of Odenwaldkreis and Darmstadt-Dieburg).
Fess
In heraldry, a fess or fesse (from Middle English fesse, Old French faisse, and Latin fascia, "band") is a charge on a coat of arms (or flag) that takes the form of a band running horizontally across the centre of the shield.  Writers disagree in how much of the shield's surface is to be covered by a fess or other ordinary, ranging from one-fifth to one-third.  The Oxford Guide to Heraldry states that earlier writers including Leigh, Holme, and Guillim favour one-third, while later writers such as Edmondson favour one-fifth "on the grounds that a bend, pale, or chevron occupying one-third of the field makes the coat look clumsy and disagreeable."  A fess is likely to be shown narrower if it is uncharged, that is, if it does not have other charges placed on it, and/or if it is to be shown with charges above and below it; and shown wider if charged. The fess or bar, termed fasce in French heraldry, should not be confused with fasces.

Line (heraldry)
The lines in heraldry used to divide and vary fields and charges are by default straight, but may have many different shapes. Care must be taken to distinguish these types of lines from the use of lines as charges, and to distinguish these shapes from actual charges, such as "a mount [or triple mount] in base," or, particularly in German heraldry, different kinds of embattled from castle walls.

In Scotland, varied lines of partition are often used to modify a bordure (or sometimes another ordinary) to difference the arms of a cadet from the chief of the house.
Khushal Khan Khattak University
Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak is a public sector university situated in Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The main campus was situated on Bannu road and then it was shifted to a new location on main indus highway near Jail chowk near judicial complex of Karak & Takht-e-Nasrati.

Karak, Pakistan
Karak (Pashto: کرك, Urdu: کرک pronounceⓘ) is the headquarters of Karak District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is 123  km from Peshawar on the main Indus Highway between Peshawar and Karachi. It is located at 33°7'12N 71°5'41E. Karak is said to be the single district in Pakistan that is inhabited by only one tribe of Pashtuns — the Khattaks.

Karak is a fast-growing city with just over 50,000 people. It is the second-largest city in Kohat Division and the namesake and only urbanized area of Karak District. Karak's population nearly doubled between 1998 and 2017. The dominant language in the city is Pashto, which nearly everybody speaks. The city was first labeled an urban area between the 1972 and 1981 Pakistan censuses.
Beau Bandit
Beau Bandit is a 1930 American Pre-Code Western film, directed by Lambert Hillyer, from a screenplay by Wallace Smith, based on his short story, "Strictly Business" which appeared in the April 1929 edition of Hearst's International-Cosmopolitan. The film starred Rod La Rocque, Mitchell Lewis, Doris Kenyon, and Walter Long. The story is based loosely on the legend of Robin Hood.

Tom Keene (actor)
Tom Keene (born George Duryea; December 30, 1896 – August 4, 1963) was an American actor known mostly for his roles in B Westerns. During his almost 40-year career in motion pictures Tom Keene worked under three different names. From 1923, when he made his first picture, until 1930 he worked under his birth name, George Duryea. The last film he made under this name was Pardon My Gun. Beginning with the 1930 film Tol'able David, he used Tom Keene as his moniker. This name he used until 1944 when he changed it to Richard Powers. The first film he used this name in was Up in Arms. He continued to primarily use this name for the rest of his film career, though still used Tom Keene on occasion.
Vester Sottrup
Vester Sottrup (German: Wester-Satrup) is a small town, with a population of 1,452 (1 January 2025), in Sønderborg Municipality, in the Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark.

Vester Sottrup is situated on the Sundeved peninsula, 13 km northeast of Gråsten, 8 km north of Broager and 9 km northwest of Sønderborg.

Sottrup Church was built in the 13th century and is located in the western part of the town.

Sønderborg
Sønderborg (Danish pronunciation: [ˈsønɐˌpɒˀ]; German: Sonderburg [ˈzɔndɐbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a Danish town in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the main town and the administrative seat of Sønderborg Municipality (Kommune). The town has a population of 28,333 (1 January 2025), in a municipality of 74,096. In recent times, Sønderborg is a center for trade, tourism, industry, and education in the region of Southern Denmark. The town is the headquarters for several industrial companies. Sønderborg joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
2019 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship
The 2019 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship (also known as UEFA Women's Under-17 Euro 2019) was the 12th edition of the UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship, the annual international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the women's under-17 national teams of Europe. Bulgaria, which were selected by UEFA on 9 December 2016, hosted the tournament from 5 to 17 May 2019.

A total of eight teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2002 eligible to participate. Starting from this season, up to five substitutions are permitted per team in each match. Moreover, each match has a regular duration of 90 minutes, instead of 80 minutes in previous seasons.

Germany won their seventh title after beating Netherlands on penalties. Spain were the defending champions and were knocked out from the tournament by Netherlands in the semifinal.

UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship
The UEFA European Women's Under-17 Championship or simply UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship, is an annual European championship football tournament, organized by UEFA, for national teams of women under age seventeen. The tournament was first played out in 2007–08, having been approved by the UEFA Executive Committee on 22 May 2006. It is also a FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup qualifying competition in even years. National under-17 teams whose countries belong to the European governing body UEFA can register to enter the competition. Germany is the most successful team in this competition, having won eight titles. Netherlands are the current champions.
Robert Barbers
Robert Zabala Barbers (January 19, 1944 – December 25, 2005) was a Filipino police officer and politician. Barbers had served in the police force for almost three decades prior to becoming part of the government of the Philippines. He served in the legislature as the representative of the second district of Surigao del Norte (1992–1996), whose second term was ended by his appointment as secretary of the interior and local government, and as senator (1998–2004).

Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo served two consecutive terms as the 14th President of the Philippines. Her presidency began on January 20, 2001, following the Second EDSA Revolution, and continued until 2010. She completed her first term from 2001 to 2004. In the 2004 Philippine presidential election, Arroyo ran as the incumbent and defeated her main opponent, Fernando Poe Jr. She was inaugurated for her second term on June 30, 2004.