hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lost Creek (Koshin River tributary)
Lost Creek is a tributary of the Koshin River in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It flows generally northwest for roughly 26 km (16 mi) to join the Koshin River just north of Hatin Lake, and about 4 km (2.5 mi) north of Callison Ranch. Lost Creek's watershed covers 70.0 km2 (27.0 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is estimated at 1.07 m3/s (38 cu ft/s). The mouth of Lost Creek is located about 90 km (56 mi) north of Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, about 102 km (63 mi) west of Dease Lake, British Columbia, and about 163 km (101 mi) east of Juneau, Alaska. Lost Creek's watershed's land cover is classified as 46.3% shrubland, 31.5% conifer forest, 12.2% barren, and small amounts of other cover.

Lost Creek is in the traditional territory of the Tlingit Taku River Tlingit First Nation and the Tahltan First Nation, of the Tahltan people.

Tlingit
The Tlingit or Lingít (/ˈtlɪŋkɪt, ˈklɪŋkɪt/ ⓘ TLING-kit, KLING-kit) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Tlingit people are Alaska Natives and First Nations in Canada. Their mother tongue is the Tlingit language, a Na-Dene language.

The Tlingit have a matrilineal kinship system, with children born into the mother's clan, and property and hereditary roles passing through the mother's line. Their culture and society developed in the temperate rainforest of the southeast Alaskan coast and the Alexander Archipelago. The Tlingit have maintained a complex hunter-gatherer culture based on semi-sedentary management of fisheries. Hereditary slavery was practiced extensively until it was outlawed by the United States Government. The Inland Tlingit live in the far northwestern part of the province of British Columbia and the southern Yukon in Canada. Taku Tlingit live in British Columbia and Alaska.
Nirmal paintings
Nirmal Paintings are a popular form of paintings done in Nirmal in Nirmal District, Telangana, India. They form a small-scale industry in the town. The craftsmen have formed a community and stay at Nirmal and practice their art in the form of a small-scale business. The paintings have golden hues.

Nirmal
Nirmal is a city and the district headquarters of Nirmal district in the Indian state of Telangana. It is famed for its toys made out of wood.

The district headquarters is located in the city of Nirmal. It borders the Telangana districts of Adilabad, Nizamabad, Mancherial, Asifabad, Jagtial districts as well as Nanded district of the state Maharashtra.

Near by Towns Bhainsa, [Khanapur]
Centerfield (song)
"Centerfield" is the title track from John Fogerty's album Centerfield, his first solo album after a nine-year hiatus. Originally the B-side of the album's second single, "Rock and Roll Girls" (#20 US, Spring 1985), the song is now commonly played at baseball games across the United States. Along with "Take Me Out to the Ball Game", it is one of the best-known baseball songs. In 2010, Fogerty became the only musician to be celebrated at the Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony when "Centerfield" was honored by the National Baseball Hall of Fame.

Take Me Out to the Ball Game
"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is a 1908 waltz song by Jack Norworth and Albert Von Tilzer which has become the unofficial anthem of North American baseball, although neither of its authors had attended a game before writing the song. The song's chorus is traditionally sung as part of the seventh-inning stretch of a baseball game. Fans are generally encouraged to sing along, and at many ballparks, the words "home team" are replaced with the team name.

"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is one of the three-most recognizable songs in the US, along with "The Star-Spangled Banner" and "Happy Birthday." However, most people are only familiar with the chorus. The verses of the song likely failed to gain popularity due to being in third person.
Gary Paterson
Gary J. Paterson (born 1949) was the Moderator of the United Church of Canada from 2012 to 2015. He was the first openly gay person to take the post since the church was formed in 1925 and the first in the world to lead a major Christian denomination.

Moderator of the United Church of Canada
The Moderator of the United Church of Canada is the most senior elected official within the United Church of Canada. He or she may be a lay person or a member of the Order of Ministry and is elected to a three-year term by commissioners attending the church's triannual General Council. The current Moderator is Rev. Dr. Kimberly Heath, who was elected to the office at the 45th General Council in August 2025 and installed on August 11.
2018–19 Tigres UANL (women) season
The 2018–19 season was UANL's second competitive season and second season in the Liga MX Femenil, the top flight of Mexican women's football.

UANL qualified to the playoffs on both Apertura 2018 and Clausura 2019 tournaments, reaching the final twice. On the Apertura, Tigres lost the final in penalties against América. On the Clausura, UANL won the championship defeating Monterrey in a rematch of the Clausura 2018 final.

2018–19 Liga MX Femenil season
The 2018–19 Liga MX Femenil season was the second season of the top-flight women's football league in Mexico. The season was contested by eighteen teams, all being the counterpart women's teams of the men's league clubs Liga MX. The season was split into two championships—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each in an identical format and each contested by the same eighteen teams. Unlike the inaugural season, all eighteen Liga MX clubs fielded a women's team.
Circle of confusion
In optics, a circle of confusion (CoC) is an optical spot caused by a cone of light rays from a lens not coming to a perfect focus when imaging a point source. It is also known as disk of confusion, circle of indistinctness, blur circle, or blur spot.

In photography, the circle of confusion is used to determine the depth of field, the part of an image that is acceptably sharp. A standard value of CoC is often associated with each image format, but the most appropriate value depends on visual acuity, viewing conditions, and the amount of enlargement. Usages in context include maximum permissible circle of confusion,  circle of confusion diameter limit, and the circle of confusion criterion.

Real lenses do not focus all rays perfectly, so that even at best focus, a point is imaged as a spot rather than a point. The smallest such spot that a lens can produce is often referred to as the circle of least confusion.

Ray (optics)
In optics, a ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow.  Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by dividing the real light field up into discrete rays that can be computationally propagated through the system by the techniques of ray tracing. This allows even very complex optical systems to be analyzed mathematically or simulated by computer.  Ray tracing uses approximate solutions to Maxwell's equations that are valid as long as the light waves propagate through and around objects whose dimensions are much greater than the light's wavelength.  Ray optics or geometrical optics does not describe phenomena such as diffraction, which require wave optics theory. Some wave phenomena such as interference can be modeled in limited circumstances by adding phase to the ray model.
Black Cat group
The Black Cat group, or the Black Cats, was a pro-United National Party (UNP) paramilitary group in Sri Lanka.  The Black Cats were initially formed following the electoral victory of President Ranasinghe Premadasa. It was the predominant anti-communist paramilitary of the United National Party.

The group was not publicly recognized until late 1989. It was one of the 13 death squads sponsored by the Sri Lankan government to suppress opposition during the 1987–1989 JVP insurrection.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Cleopas Dlamini
Cleopas Sipho Dlamini (born 26 December 1952) is a Liswati business executive who served as the prime minister of Eswatini from 2021 to 2023.

He replaced Themba N. Masuku, who occupied the office in acting capacity, following the death of the previous substantive office holder Ambrose Mandvulo Dlamini in December 2020. Before he was named prime minister, Cleopas was the chief executive officer of the Public Pension Fund of the Kingdom of Eswatini. He was also a Senator in the Eswatini Senate.

Themba Masuku
Themba Nhlanganiso Masuku (born 7 July 1950) is a Swazi politician who has served as Deputy Prime Minister of Eswatini since 2018 and as Acting Prime Minister from 13 December 2020 to 16 July 2021. Earlier, he served as Deputy Prime Minister from 2008 until 2013.
1,5-Diazabicyclo(4.3.0)non-5-ene
1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) is a chemical compound with the formula C7H12N2.  It is an amidine base used in organic synthesis.  A related compound with related functions is 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).  The relatively complex nature of the formal names for DBU and DBN (hence the common use of acronyms) reflects the fact that these compounds are bicyclic and contain several functional groups.

Amidine
Amidines are organic compounds with the functional group RC(NR)NR2, where the R groups can be the same or different. They are the imine derivatives of amides (RC(O)NR2). The simplest amidine is formamidine, HC(=NH)NH2.

Examples of amidines include:

DBU

diminazene

benzamidine

Pentamidine

Paranyline
Star polygons in art and culture
Star polygons and polygonal compounds are the basis for numerous figures of significance in arts and culture. The figure may be the border or interior of the polygon, or one or more closed polygonal paths that include all of the border and also have some legs crossing the interior. The name is derived from the polygon's similarity to the diffraction spikes of astronomical stars, but specific uses may exploit the connection or not. Stars often represent the unity of states within a country when they are used as a part of the flag.

Flag of Malaysia
The national flag of Malaysia, also known as the Stripe of Glory (Jalur Gemilang, also "Stripe of Excellence"), is composed of a field of 14 alternating red and white stripes along the fly, and a blue canton bearing a crescent and a 14-point star known as the Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Star).

The 14 stripes, of equal width, represent the equal status in the federation of the 13 member states and the federal territories, while the 14 points of the star represent the unity among these entities. The crescent represents Islam, the country's state religion; the blue canton symbolises the unity of the Malaysian people; the yellow of the star and crescent is the royal colour of the Malay rulers; the red stripes represent bravery; and the white stripes represent purity. The red, white and blue also symbolises Malaysia's inclusion within the Commonwealth. The flag is in the stars and stripes family of flags.
Stratum lucidum of hippocampus
The stratum lucidum of the hippocampus is a layer of the hippocampus between the stratum pyramidale and the stratum radiatum. It is the tract of the mossy fiber projections, both inhibitory and excitatory from the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. One mossy fiber may make up to 37 connections to a single pyramidal cell, and innervate around 12 pyramidal cells on top of that. Any given pyramidal cell in the stratum lucidum may get input from as many as 50 granule cells.

Dentate gyrus
The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the subfields of the hippocampus, in the hippocampal formation. The hippocampal formation is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, and includes the hippocampus (including CA1 to CA4) subfields, and other subfields including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and presubiculum.

The dentate gyrus is part of the trisynaptic circuit, a neural circuit of the hippocampus, thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, the spontaneous exploration of novel environments and other functions. The dentate gyrus has toothlike projections from which it is named.

The subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus is one of only two major sites of adult neurogenesis in the brain, and is found in many mammals. The other main site is the subventricular zone in the ventricular system. Other sites  may include  the striatum and the cerebellum. However, whether significant neurogenesis takes place in the adult human dentate gyrus has been a matter of debate.
Coulee chipmunk
The Coulee chipmunk (Neotamias grisescens) is a species of chipmunk native to the Channeled Scablands in central Washington. It was formerly considered a subspecies of Neotamias minimus. It is sympatric with both N. minimus and N. amoenus; it can be differentiated by these species due to its overall grayer coloration.

Yellow-pine chipmunk
The yellow-pine chipmunk (Neotamias amoenus) is a species of order Rodentia in the family Sciuridae. It is found in parts of Canada and the United States.

These chipmunks are normally found in brush-covered areas, and in California, they inhabit an elevation range of around 975 to 2,900 metres (3,200 to 9,510 ft).
Borggarden Valley
Borggarden Valley (72°34′S 3°48′W﻿ / ﻿72.567°S 3.800°W﻿ / -72.567; -3.800) is a broad ice-filled valley about 10 nautical miles (20 km) long, lying between Borg Mountain and Veten Mountain in the northwest part of Borg Massif, Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and from air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and named "Borggarden" (the castle courtyard).

Veten Mountain
Veten Mountain (72°37′S 3°50′W﻿ / ﻿72.617°S 3.833°W﻿ / -72.617; -3.833) is a mountain about 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) northwest of Hogskavlen Mountain in the Borg Massif of Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and named Veten, meaning "the beacon."

This article incorporates public domain material from "Veten Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Joseph the Hesychast
Saint Joseph the Hesychast (Greek: Ιωσήφ ο Ησυχαστής; born Fragkiskos Kottis, Greek: Φραγκίσκος Κόττης; 12 February 1897 – 15 August 1959) was a Greek Orthodox monk and elder who led a small group of monks at Mount Athos. He was canonized as a saint by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in 2020. His feast day is celebrated on 16 August.

Vatopedi
The Holy and Great Monastery of Vatopedi (Greek: Βατοπέδι, pronounced [vatoˈpeði]) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery on Mount Athos, Greece.    The monastery was expanded several times during its history, particularly during the Byzantine period and in the 18th and 19th centuries.  More than 120 monks live in the monastery.
Kyzyltuz (Zhelezin District)
Kyzyltuz (Kazakh: Қызылтұз Russian: Кызылтуз) is a salt lake group in Zhelezin District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

The lakes lie 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) to the northwest of Krasnovka village, in the area of the Kazakhstan-Russia border, and 90 kilometers (56 mi) to the ENE of Zhelezinka, the district capital.

Kazakhstan–Russia border
The Kazakhstan–Russia border is the 7,644-kilometre (4,750 mi) international border between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It is the longest continuous international border in the world and the second longest by total length, after the Canada–United States border. It is in the same location as the former administrative-territorial border between the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
CZAW SportCruiser
The CSA SportCruiser is a two-seat, single engine, tricycle undercarriage, fixed-wing aircraft that was introduced in 2006 by Czech Aircraft Works (CZAW), now named Czech Sport Aircraft.

In January 2010, the SportCruiser was added to the Piper Aircraft line as the PiperSport under a licensing agreement with Czech Sport Aircraft. This arrangement was terminated one year later in January 2011.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
Abigail Larson
Abigail Larson is an American illustrator. She creates mixed media original artwork in the dark fantasy genre, drawing on themes from Gothic and horror literature. Her illustrations often feature Victorian fashion and fantasy or horror elements such as ghosts. She uses a combination of traditional sketching and digital coloring to complete her illustrations.

Larson works primarily as a freelance artist. Her credits include coloring books, tarot decks, comic books, and television shows. She has illustrated for several major publishing and production companies, including DC, Dark Horse Comics, Netflix Animation, and Disney Books. She has also served as a character designer on several projects. She won the Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist in 2016.

Disney Publishing Worldwide
Disney Publishing Worldwide (DPW), formerly known as The Disney Publishing Group and Buena Vista Publishing Group, is the publishing subsidiary of Disney Experiences, a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company. Its imprints include Disney Editions, Disney Press, Kingswell, Freeform, and Hyperion Books for Children. It has creative centers in Glendale, California, and Milan, Italy.
Tiospirone
Tiospirone (BMY-13,859), also sometimes called tiaspirone or tiosperone, is an atypical antipsychotic of the azapirone class. It was investigated as a treatment for schizophrenia in the late 1980s and was found to have an effectiveness equivalent to those of typical antipsychotics in clinical trials but without causing extrapyramidal side effects. However, development was halted and it was not marketed. Perospirone, another azapirone derivative with antipsychotic properties, was synthesized and assayed several years after tiospirone. It was found to be both more potent and more selective in comparison and was commercialized instead.

Extrapyramidal symptoms
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are symptoms that are archetypically associated with the extrapyramidal system of the brain. When such symptoms are caused by medications or other drugs, they are also known as extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE). The symptoms can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). They include movement dysfunction such as dystonia (continuous spasms and muscle contractions), akathisia (may manifest as motor restlessness), parkinsonism characteristic symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), tremor, and tardive dyskinesia (irregular, jerky movements). Extrapyramidal symptoms are a reason why subjects drop out of clinical trials of antipsychotics; of the 213 (14.6%) subjects that dropped out of one of the largest clinical trials of antipsychotics (the CATIE trial [Clinical Antipsychotic Trials for Intervention Effectiveness], which included 1460 randomized subjects), 58 (27.2%) of those discontinuations were due to EPS.
Thrangu Rinpoche
Thrangu Rinpoche (Tibetan: ཁྲ་འགུ་, Wylie: Khra-'gu [ˈtʰran.ɡu ˈrinpotʃe]) (1933  – 4 June 2023) was a tulku (reincarnated lama) in the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, the ninth reincarnation in his particular line. His full name and title was the Very Venerable Ninth Khenchen Thrangu Tulku, Karma Lodrö  Lungrik Maway Senge. The academic title Khenchen denotes great scholarly accomplishment (English-language analogues include the titles Distinguished Professor and Academic Fellow), and the term Rinpoche ("Precious" or "Precious One") is a Tibetan devotional title which may be accorded to respected teachers and exemplars.

Tai Situpa
Tai Situ (Tibetan: ཏའི་སི་ཏུ་, Wylie: ta'i si tu; from Chinese: 大司徒; pinyin: Dà Sītú; lit. 'Grand Administrator over the Masses ') is one of the oldest lineages of tulkus (reincarnated lamas) in the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism In Tibetan Buddhism tradition, Kenting Tai Situ is considered as emanation of Bodhisattva Maitreya and Guru Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche) and who has been incarnated numerous times as Indian and Tibetan yogis since the time of the historical Buddha.
Byron's Memoirs
Byron's Memoirs, written between 1818 and 1821 but never published and destroyed soon after his death, recounted at full-length his life, loves and opinions.  He gave the manuscript to the poet Thomas Moore, who in turn sold it to John Murray with the intention that it should eventually be published.  On Lord Byron's death in 1824, Moore, Murray, John Cam Hobhouse, and other friends who were concerned for his reputation gathered together and burned the original manuscript and the only known copy of it, in what has been called the greatest literary crime in history.

Since the Memoirs are lost beyond recovery, only the vaguest idea of their nature can be gathered from the mutually inconsistent testimony of those contemporaries of Byron who read them in manuscript. It is hard to judge how sexually explicit they were, some witnesses maintaining that they were perfectly fit for anyone to read and others that they were far too scabrous ever to be published.

Leslie A. Marchand
Leslie Alexis Marchand (February 13, 1900 – July 11, 1999) was an American scholar of English literature, who is chiefly notable for his contribution to the study of the Romantic poet Lord Byron, in particular his twelve-volume edition of Byron's Letters and Journals, published between 1973 and 1982, with a supplementary volume in 1994, and Byron: a Biography (Alfred A. Knopf, 1957). He was also a prolific contributor to literary periodicals.
High Rhön Road
The High Rhön Road (German: Hochrhönstraße) runs through the Bavarian Rhön from Bischofsheim an der Rhön to Fladungen (south to north). It bears the state road number St 2288, is 25 kilometres long, runs over the central highlands of the Rhön, known as the Long Rhön, and is an important communication link in the High Rhön. In winter the High Rhön Road in the Long Rhön is often closed due to heavy snowfall and winds that block the road with snowdrifts.

Bischofsheim in der Rhön
Bischofsheim in der Rhön (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʃɔfsˌhaɪm ʔɪn deːɐ̯ ˈʁøːn], lit. 'Bischofsheim in the Rhön'; before January 2020: Bischofsheim an der Rhön) is a town in the district Rhön-Grabfeld, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the Rhön Mountains, 29 km southeast of Fulda.