hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intraneural perineurioma
An intraneural perineurioma is a rare benign tumor within the sheath of a single nerve that grows but typically does not recur or metastasize.  These lesions are only composed of perineurial cells, cloned from a single cell. They are distinct from schwannoma and neurofibroma.

Intraneural perineurioma is a neoplastic proliferation of perineurial cells with unique immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural features, and it is distinct from other onion bulb Schwann cell-derived entities. Despite harboring molecular abnormalities of the long arm of chromosome 22, intraneural perineurioma has not been associated with neurofibromatosis.

Due to the involvement of one or more nerve fascicles, intraneural perineuriomas are distinguished by a localized, solitary expansion of peripheral nerves. These tumors develop slowly or stay stable over time.

Neurofibroma
A neurofibroma is a benign nerve-sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. In 90% of cases, they are found as stand-alone tumors (solitary neurofibroma, solitary nerve sheath tumor or sporadic neurofibroma), while the remainder are found in persons with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), an autosomal-dominant genetically inherited disease. They can result in a range of symptoms from physical disfiguration and pain to cognitive disability.

Neurofibromas arise from nonmyelinating-type Schwann cells that exhibit biallelic inactivation of the NF1 gene that codes for the protein neurofibromin. This protein is responsible for regulating the RAS-mediated cell growth signaling pathway. In contrast to schwannomas, another type of tumor arising from Schwann cells, neurofibromas incorporate many additional types of cells and structural elements in addition to Schwann cells, making it difficult to identify and understand all the mechanisms through which they originate and develop.
Pachaiyappa Mudaliar
Vallal Pachaiyappa Mudaliar (1754–1794) or Arcot Pachayyappa Mudaliar was a Madras merchant, philanthropist, and dubash of the 18th century.

Commemorative stamp on Vallal Pachaiyappa was released 31 March 2010.

George Town, Chennai
George Town, also known as Muthialpet and Parry's corner, is a neighbourhood in Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu, India. It is near the Fort Saint George. It is an historical area of Madras city from where its expansion began in the 1640s. It extends from the Bay of Bengal in the east to Park town on the west. The Fort St. George is on the south, to Royapuram in the north. The Fort St. George houses the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly and the Secretariat. The High court of Tamil Nadu at Chennai, Dr. Ambedkar Law College, Stanley Medical College and Hospital are located here.
Pinoy Big Brother: Connect
The ninth season of the reality game show Pinoy Big Brother, subtitled Connect, aired on Kapamilya Channel and A2Z for 99 days from December 6, 2020, to March 14, 2021.

This was the fifth consecutive season that both civilian adults and teenagers participated in a season, and the first time since All In season to house them together as just one batch. Among all regular and special seasons, this season was the season with the shortest number of days (99; ties with Gen 11) of which a group of housemates representing an entire season have stayed in the house. The first season to feature three out of four finalists were never face the public for eviction.

Liofer Pinatacan was declared the winner of the season against then runner-up Andrea Abaya. Kobie Brown and Jie-Ann Armero finished as finalists.

Pinoy Big Brother: Unlimited
The fourth season of the reality game show Pinoy Big Brother, subtitled Unlimited aired on ABS-CBN for 155 days from October 29, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
This was the last and separate civilian season to air after the three editions were merged into one season, starting from All In. This season is currently the longest civilian season to date and broke the previous civilian season's record for the longest duration by three more weeks and also ranked as one of the show's longest seasons worldwide as of that time, only surpassed by a number of seasons held in Germany, until this season's duration was later beaten by Lucky 7 on 2016 and later on Otso which currently holds the record, with 268 days.

It is the only regular season with a male winner: Slater Young. Pamu Pamorada was the runner-up, while Joseph Biggel, and Paco Evangelista were the finalists.
Quercus asymmetrica
Quercus asymmetrica is an oak tree species in the beech family Fagaceae.  It is found in China (specifically, Guangxi Province and Hainan Province, where it is called 托盘青冈 tuo pan qing gang) and northern Vietnam.  It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.

Quercus subg. Cerris
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Quercus). It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.
Dedekind–Kummer theorem
In algebraic number theory, the Dedekind–Kummer theorem describes how a prime ideal in a Dedekind domain factors over the domain's integral closure. It is named after Richard Dedekind who developed the theorem based on the work of Ernst Kummer.

Dedekind domain
In mathematics, a Dedekind domain or Dedekind ring, named after Richard Dedekind, is an integral domain in which every nonzero proper ideal factors into a product of prime ideals.  It can be shown that such a factorization is then necessarily unique up to the order of the factors.  There are at least three other characterizations of Dedekind domains that are sometimes taken as the definition: see below.

A field is a commutative ring in which there are no nontrivial proper ideals, so that any field is a Dedekind domain, however in a rather vacuous way.  Some authors add the requirement that a Dedekind domain not be a field.  Many more authors state theorems for Dedekind domains with the implicit proviso that they may require trivial modifications for the case of fields.

An immediate consequence of the definition is that every principal ideal domain (PID) is a Dedekind domain.  In fact a Dedekind domain is a unique factorization domain (UFD) if and only if it is a PID.
Ruby Cabernet
Ruby Cabernet is a red Olmo grape variety that is  a cross between Cabernet Sauvignon and Carignan. It can produce wines with good color and a pleasant cherry flavor, but is mostly blended into bulk wines.

The purpose for the creation of the crossing of the grape varieties utilized to produce Ruby Cabernet was to obtain the superior quality of a Cabernet wine, and the resistance to heat of the Carignan combined in an inexpensive table wine. Even though the wine made from these grapes does not possess the distinctive flavor and the overall structure of other types of Cabernet wines, it does carry their fruitful essence.

The grape for this type of red wine was  developed for California's hot climate, specially for regions such as the San Joaquin and the Napa Valleys. Ruby Cabernet has improved the quality of the bulk wines produced in these areas thanks to its natural, special acidity.

Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Sauvignon (French: [kabɛʁnɛ soviɲɔ̃]) is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties. It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Australia and  British Columbia, Canada to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.

This grape variety appeared in France in the 17th century as a result of natural crossbreeding. Its popularity is often attributed to its ease of cultivation—the grapes have thick skins and the vines are hardy and naturally low yielding, budding late to avoid frost and resistant to viticulture hazards.

The classic profile of Cabernet Sauvignon tends to be full-bodied wines with high tannins and noticeable acidity that contributes to the wine's aging potential. In cool areas, it has flavors of blackcurrant and green pepper; in warmer places, it may taste like black cherry and olive; in very hot climates, it can have a jammy flavor.
Alana Jančevski
Alana Jančevski (Macedonian: Алана Јанчевски, pronounced [ˈa.la.na janˈt͡ʃɛfski] AH-lah-nah yan-CHEF-skee; born 13 March 2003) is an Australian soccer player. She plays as a forward for Melbourne Victory in the A-League Women. She has represented Australia with the Australia U17s and Australia U23s.

A-League Women Goal of the Year
The A-League Women Goal of the Season is an annual soccer award for the player deemed to have scored the best goal in the preceding A-League Women season.

The award was first given following the 2008–09 season and has been awarded under the Dolan Warren Awards since. The first recipient of the award was Perth Glory's Marianna Tabain for her goal away at Adelaide United. The last recipient of the award was Melbourne Victory's Alana Jancevski for her goal at home against Sydney FC.
Malacca State Route M126
Jalan Sungai Putat (Malacca State Route M126) is a major road in Malacca state, Malaysia. The road connects Batu Berendam to Ayer Keroh. It is also a shortcut road to North–South Expressway Southern Route via Ayer Keroh Interchange from Batu Berendam.

Batu Berendam
Batu Berendam (translated as immersed rock) is a town and suburb of Hang Tuah Jaya and Malacca City in the Malaysian state of Malacca. It is home to the state's principal airport and light aircraft manufacturing hub – Malacca Airport, as well as an eponymous industrial park, which houses mostly overseas-based electronics factory (notable ones include Infineon Technologies).

Until the 1970s, Batu Berendam was a relatively rural village, with agriculture being the main economic activity. Batu Berendam used to be accessible by train from Pulau Sebang like other towns along the Malacca River during the British colonial era, until the Japanese forces dismantled the railway tracks when occupying Malaya.
Deanna Cooper
Deanna Rose Cooper (born 20 June 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Women's Championship club Newcastle United. She previously played for Gillingham, Brighton & Hove Albion, London Bees, Chelsea and Reading.

FA WSL Spring Series
The FA WSL 1 Spring Series was an interim edition of the FA WSL between the sixth and seventh full seasons. The Spring Series ran from February to May 2017 to bridge the gap from the 2016 FA WSL season which ran from March to September as a summer tournament, and the 2017–18 season which started in September 2017.

While the 2017–18 season planned to feature 21 clubs, the Spring Series contained 20. Notts County Ladies F.C. folded two days before they were due to play their first Spring Series game, leaving 19 teams in total. Teams played each other once, with no promotion or relegation before the full 2017–18 season.

Ten teams were due to compete in this season. Notts County Ladies announced it was folding and withdrew from the league two days before their first scheduled fixture.
Pärnu Sports Hall
The Pärnu Sports Hall (Estonian: Pärnu Spordihall) is a multi-purpose indoor arena complex in Pärnu. The hall was opened in 2009 and is the current home arena of the Korvpalli Meistriliiga team BC Pärnu and the Baltic Volleyball League team Pärnu VK.

Pärnu VK
Pärnu Võrkpalliklubi is a professional Estonian volleyball team based in Pärnu, Estonia. It plays in the Baltic Volleyball League and the Estonian Volleyball League. The team won the 2015–16 Baltic Volleyball League title.
Protector Heights
Protector Heights are mountainous coastal heights (2,245 m) on Pernik Peninsula, Antarctica, which are separated from the Graham Land plateau by a narrow col, dominating the area between Wilkinson Glacier and southern Darbel Bay. Mapped from air photos taken by Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) (1956–57). Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after HMS work and served in the Antarctic every season from 1955 until 1967.

66°42′S 66°15′W﻿ / ﻿66.700°S 66.250°W﻿ / -66.700; -66.250
 This article incorporates public domain material from "Protector Heights". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Darbel Bay
Darbel Bay (66°30′S 65°55′W﻿ / ﻿66.500°S 65.917°W﻿ / -66.500; -65.917) is a bay 25 nautical miles (50 km) wide, indenting the west coast of Graham Land between Stresher Peninsula and Pernik Peninsula.  Entered southwest of Cape Bellue and northeast of Cape Rey. The glaciers Widmark Ice Piedmont, Cardell, Erskine, Hopkins, Drummond, Widdowson, McCance, Solun, and Škorpil feed the bay.

It was discovered and roughly charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who gave it the name Baie Marin Darbel. The bay was further charted in 1931 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II, and by the British Graham Land Expedition, 1934–37, under John Rymill.
Old Chalford
Old Chalford is a hamlet in Enstone civil parish, about 2 miles (3 km) east of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.

Old Chalford is on the River Glyme, which is dammed in the hamlet forming a number of ponds.  The Wychwood Way long distance footpath passes through the hamlet. About 0.5 miles (800 m) southeast of Old Chalford are old earthworks and ruins of limestone walls which are the remains of the deserted medieval village of Nether Chalford.

Chipping Norton
Chipping Norton is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswolds in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Banbury and 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded the civil parish population as 5,719. It was estimated at 6,254 in 2019.
Bugøynes Chapel
Bugøynes Chapel (Norwegian: Bugøynes kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bugøynes. It is an annex chapel for the Sør-Varanger parish which is part of the Varanger prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1989 by the architecture firm Lien & Risan Arkitektkontor. The church seats about 150 people. The church holds one regularly scheduled worship service each month.

Sør-Varanger Municipality
Sør-Varanger (Northern Sami: Máttá-Várjjat; Kven: Etelä-Varenki; Russian: Сёр-Вара́нгер, romanized: Syor-Varánger) is a municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Kirkenes. Other settlements in the municipality include the villages of Bjørnevatn, Bugøynes, Elvenes, Grense Jakobselv, Hesseng, Jakobsnes, Neiden, and Sandnes. Located west of the Norway–Russia border, Sør-Varanger is the only Norwegian municipality that shares a land border with Russia, with the only legal border crossing at Storskog.

The 3,971-square-kilometre (1,533 sq mi) municipality is the 6th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Sør-Varanger is the 112th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 10,063. The municipality's population density is 2.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (6.5/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.3% over the previous 10-year period.

There is a Dark-sky park in Pasvik.
Liverpool Senior Cup
The Liverpool County Football Association Senior Cup, commonly known as the Liverpool Senior Cup, is a football knockout tournament involving teams from the city of Liverpool, England and surrounding areas.

It is the County Cup competition of the Liverpool County Football Association and involves non-league clubs as well as the three professional teams in Merseyside: Everton, Liverpool and Tranmere Rovers.

Liverpool County Football Association
53°26′46″N 2°57′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.4460°N 2.9539°W﻿ / 53.4460; -2.9539

The Liverpool County Football Association, simply known as the Liverpool FA, is the County Football Association in the city of Liverpool, England. It runs several league and cup competitions in the city.
Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model
The Standard Model of particle physics is a gauge quantum field theory containing the internal symmetries of the unitary product group SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1). The theory is commonly viewed as describing the fundamental set of particles – the leptons, quarks, gauge bosons and the Higgs boson.

The Standard Model is renormalizable and mathematically self-consistent; however, despite having huge and continued successes in providing experimental predictions, it does leave some unexplained phenomena. In particular, although the physics of special relativity is incorporated, general relativity is not, and the Standard Model will fail at energies or distances where the graviton is expected to emerge. Therefore, in a modern field theory context, it is seen as an effective field theory.

Lepton number
In particle physics, lepton number (historically also called lepton charge)
is a conserved quantum number representing the difference between the number of leptons and the number of antileptons in an elementary particle reaction.
Lepton number is an additive quantum number, so its sum is preserved in interactions (as opposed to multiplicative quantum numbers such as parity, where the product is preserved instead). The lepton number  is defined by

where

is the number of leptons and

is the number of antileptons.

Lepton number was introduced in 1953 to explain the absence of reactions such as

ν + n → p + e−

in the Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment, which instead observed

ν + p → n + e+ .

This process, inverse beta decay, conserves lepton number, as the incoming antineutrino has lepton number −1, while the outgoing positron (antielectron) also has lepton number −1.
Misterton Rural District
Misterton was a rural district in Nottinghamshire, England from 1894 to 1935.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894, from the part of the Gainsborough rural sanitary district which was in Nottinghamshire (the rest forming Gainsborough Rural District in Lincolnshire.)

It included the following parishes

Beckingham

Bole

Misterton

Saundby

Walkeringham

West Burton

West Stockwith

The district was abolished in 1935 under a County Review Order, and was added to the existing East Retford Rural District.  Since 1974 it has been in the Bassetlaw district.

West Burton, Nottinghamshire
West Burton is a hamlet and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England, located in the north-east of the county within the district of Bassetlaw. It lies between the villages of Bole and Sturton le Steeple. The Saxon name "burh-ton" states a fortified farmstead with the village lying to the west of Gate Burton in Lincolnshire. The recorded population at the 2021 census was 14 residents.
Blackbelly triplefin
The blackbelly triplefin (Enneapterygius fuscoventer) is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Enneapterygius, described by German ichthyologist Ronald Fricke in 1997 and known from the western Pacific Ocean.

Enneapterygius pyramis
Enneapterygius pyramis, the pyramid triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Enneapterygius. It was described by Ronald Fricke in 1994. This species occurs in the western Pacific Ocean from Guam to French Polynesia.
PSTK Tarakan
Persatuan Sepakbola Tarakan Kota  (simply known as PSTK; formerly known as Persita Tarakan and PS Tarakan) is an  Indonesian football club based in Tarakan, North Kalimantan. They currently compete in Liga 4 North Kalimantan zone.

Tarakan
Tarakan is an island and co-extensively the sole city within the Indonesian province of North Kalimantan. The island city is the largest urban area in North Kalimantan population-wise and is located in northern Borneo, midway along the coast of the province. The city boundaries are co-extensive with the island (including a couple of small islands off the coast of the Tarakan Barat District). Once a major oil-producing region during the colonial period, Tarakan had great strategic importance during the Pacific War and was among the first Japanese targets early in the conflict. It is the sole city within the Indonesian province of North Kalimantan (established in 2012). According to Statistics Indonesia, the city had a population of 193,370 at the 2010 Census and 242,786 inhabitants at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 255,310 (comprising 132,175 males and 123,135 females).
Lunds Viaduct
Lunds Viaduct is a five-arch railway bridge in North Yorkshire, England. The viaduct was built for the Midland Railway and carries the Settle to Carlisle railway line over South Lunds Sike, being named after the fell and hamlet of Lunds, just to the east. Work started on the viaduct in April 1874, and it was completed by July 1875, with the line opening for traffic in August 1875. Initial workings over the line were on a single track, but this had been doubled by October 1875. Just to the north of the viaduct was the point of the collision of the Hawes Junction rail crash.

Lunds, North Yorkshire
Lunds is a hamlet in North Yorkshire, England, near to the watershed of the Eden and Ure rivers. It is on the border between Cumbria and North Yorkshire, and was at one time allocated to the West Riding, but has been traditionally treated as being in the North Riding.
1986 NAIA World Series
The 1986 NAIA World Series was the 30th annual tournament hosted by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics to determine the national champion of baseball among its member colleges and universities in the United States and Canada.

The tournament was played at Harris Field in Lewiston, Idaho.

Grand Canyon (55–18) defeated hosts and two-time defending champions Lewis–Clark State (55–11) in a single-game championship series, 6–5 (after 10 innings), to win the Antelopes' fourth NAIA World Series and first since 1982.

Grand Canyon first baseman Greg Duce was named tournament MVP.

NAIA World Series
The NAIA World Series (officially branded as the Avista NAIA World Series for sponsorship purposes from 2013) is a double-elimination tournament, held since 1957, to determine the baseball champion of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). Since 2000, the tournament has been held at Harris Field on the campus of Lewis–Clark State College (LCSC) in Lewiston, Idaho, having previously hosted from 1984 to 1991.
2005 Open Gaz de France
The 2005 Open Gaz de France was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France, that was part of Tier II of the 2005 WTA Tour. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from 7 February until 13 February 2005. Dinara Safina won the singles title. Unseeded Dinara Safina won the singles title.

2005 WTA Tour
The 2005 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2005 tennis season. The 2005 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.