hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jason Gunnlaugson
Jason Gunnlaugson is a Canadian curler currently living in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Gunnlaugson is known for having been hired by the Russian Curling Federation (RCF) to represent the country at the 2014 Winter Olympics. The deal which was announced in April 2010 fell through in November that year, when the Gunnlaugson team was fired by the RCF.

The Brier
The Brier (French: Le Brier), known since 2024 as the Montana's Brier for sponsorship reasons, is the annual Canadian men's curling championship, sanctioned by Curling Canada. The Brier has been held since 1927, traditionally during the month of March.

The winner of the Brier goes on to represent Canada at the World Curling Championships of the same year. The Brier is the best supported curling competition in terms of paid attendance, attracting crowds far larger than even those for World Championships held in Canada.

Its current main sponsor is Montana's, a Canadian restaurant chain. "Brier" originally referred to a brand of tobacco sold by the event's first sponsor, the Macdonald Tobacco Company.
Everybody's Autobiography
Everybody's Autobiography is a book by Gertrude Stein, published in 1937.

It is a continuation of her own memoirs, picking up where The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, published in 1933, left off. Both were written in a less experimental, more approachable style than most of her other work.

In chapter four of this book is found the famous statement "There is no there there", which refers to her disappeared childhood home in Oakland, California.

The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas
The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas  is a book by Gertrude Stein, written in October and November 1932 and published in 1933. It employs the form of an autobiography authored by Alice B. Toklas, Stein's life partner. It is claimed to be one of the 20 greatest English-language novels of the 20th century.
Jalwehra
Jalwehra, commonly known as Jalerha, is a village in Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India. Its population in the 2011 census was 616: 310 males and 306 females. In 2011, the literacy rate of Jalwehra village was 82.22% compared to 75.84% in Punjab. In Jalwehra male literacy was 89.86% and female literacy rate was 74.47%.

Its area is 1.35 square kilometres.

Hoshiarpur
Hoshiarpur (Punjabi: [ɦʊʃɪˈaːɾpʊɾ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipal corporation in Hoshiarpur district in the Doaba region of the Indian state of Punjab. It was founded, according to tradition, during the early part of the fourteenth century. In 1809, it was occupied by the forces of Maharaja Karanvir Singh and was united into the greater state of Punjab in 1849.

Hoshiarpur has an average elevation of 296 metres (971 ft). Hoshiarpur district is located in the north-east part of the Indian state of Punjab. It falls in the Jalandhar Revenue Division and is situated in the Bist Doab portion of the Doaba region. Hoshiarpur shares a boundary with Kangra district, and Una district of Himachal Pradesh in the northeast. In the southwest, it borders Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar district, Jalandhar district, and Kapurthala district, and in the northwest it borders Gurdaspur district.
Paruthiyur
Parithiyur is a  village on the northern banks of Kudamurutti River, near Sengalipuram, in Thiruvarur District of Tamil Nadu. It was originally called Kodandarama Puram. Buses from Kumbakonam, Nannilam, Kodavasal pass through Paruthiyur Village.

Sengalipuram
Sengalipuram ("Shivakalipuram") is a village situated in Thiruvarur district in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu

Notable people from the village include Sengalipuram Muthanna, Anantharama Deekshithar and the Tamil writer "Thiru". It is one of the 18 Vathima villages.

Maha Mariyamman is one of the oldest and biggest temples in Sivankalipuram.

At the Pudhugudi entrance of the village, a Siva temple is located, and at the Sengalipuram end, a Kali temple is located. These two temples together give the name Sivankalipuram.
Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
Joachim Ernest of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (29 August 1595 – 5 October 1671), also Joachim Ernest of Schleswig-Holstein-Plön, was the first Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, which emerged from a division of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.

Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
The Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (German: Herzogtum Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön), also Schleswig-Holstein-Plön, Holstein-Plön or just Duchy of Plön, was a small sub-duchy (Teilherzogtum) created by the physical division of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.  Today, its remaining significance is primarily the building of Plön Castle.  The Duchy of Plön was not a territorial dukedom in its own right, but a sub-division within the state structure of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.  The scattered territorial dominion lay mostly in the southeast part of present-day German state of Schleswig-Holstein.
Hagai Sitton
Hagai Sitton (born September 8, 1939) is an Israeli lawyer and managing partner at the firm "Spaer, Sitton & Henig." Sitton is a public activist and serves as the chairman of several cultural and social associations and funds. In 2014, he was awarded the Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem (Yakir Yerushalayim) title. In 2025, he received an Honorary Doctorate degree from Ariel University.

Hebrew University Secondary School
Hebrew University High School (Hebrew: התיכון ליד האוניברסיטה), commonly known as Leyada (lit. 'next to'), is a semi-private high school in Jerusalem, established in 1935 by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The school is located next to the Givat Ram campus of the Hebrew University. It is considered one of the country's most prestigious and selective institutions of secondary education.
Saint-Edmond-les-Plaines
Saint-Edmond-les-Plaines (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿ɛdmɔ̃ le plɛn]) is a municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located within the regional county municipality of Maria-Chapdelaine. The municipality had a population of 390 as of the Canada 2011 Census.

Before November 27, 2004, it was known simply as Saint-Edmond.

Maria-Chapdelaine Regional County Municipality
Maria-Chapdelaine is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Dolbeau-Mistassini.

It runs from Lac Saint-Jean in the south to the deep interior of northern Quebec in the north.
2019 Lima Challenger
The 2019 Lima Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between October 21 and October 27, 2019.

Lima Challenger
The Lima Challenger (first edition) or the Igma Open  (second edition, previously the DirecTV Open Lima), is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is held annually in Lima, Peru, since 2000. As of 2024 (in its 13th edition since 2012), it is the fourth longest running active South American Challenger tournament, only behind Montevideo (20), Guayaquil (20), Santiago (18), and tied with Campinas (13).
Kawdy Plateau
The Kawdy Plateau is a plateau in northern British Columbia, Canada, located between the Nahlin and Tuya Rivers. It includes the granitic Atsutla Range and Nazcha Hills and the volcanic Kawdy Mountain.

Nahlin River
The Nahlin River is a river in far northwestern British Columbia, Canada, flowing northwest to meet the Sheslay River, forming there the commencement of the Inklin River, the main southeast fork of the Taku.

The main tributaries of the Nahlin River include the Dudidontu River and the Koshin River.
Østerbotn
70°5′45.59″N 25°9′0.39″E﻿ / ﻿70.0959972°N 25.1501083°E﻿ / 70.0959972; 25.1501083

Østerbotn or Austerbotn (Northern Sami: Soggovuotna, Finnish: Sokkuvuono) is the innermost part of Porsangerfjorden in Porsanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.

Porsanger Municipality
Porsanger (Northern Sami: Porsáŋgu; Kven: Porsanki) is a municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lakselv. Other villages in the municipality include Børselv, Brenna, Indre Billefjord, Kistrand, Olderfjord, and Skoganvarre.

The 4,874-square-kilometre (1,882 sq mi) municipality is the 3rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Porsanger is the 208th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,889 (many of whom have a Kven (Kainu) or Sami background). The municipality's population density is 0.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.1/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Talskiddy
Talskiddy (Cornish: Talskeusi) is a small rural village about two miles north of St Columb Major in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Originally a manorial settlement belonging to the Earldom of Cornwall, the place prospered in the 19th century as a centre of the wool-combing industry.

Antiqua maneria
The Antiqua maneria (ancient manors), also known as assessionable manors, were the original 17 manors belonging to the Earldom of Cornwall.

After March 1337, these manors were transferred to the new Duchy of Cornwall created by King Edward III  to provide financial support to his son Edward, the Black Prince (1330–1376). These manors were referred to as assessionable manors because they were leased under assession leases, which were renewed periodically.

The table below shows the 17 Antiqua maneria, including the number and status of Customary tenants in the early fourteenth century. The manors vary greatly in both size and importance. The parishes listed are the modern parishes, rather than those that existed in the 14th century.
Heptagraph
A heptagraph (from Ancient Greek: ἑπτά, heptá 'seven' and γράφω, gráphō 'write') is a sequence of seven letters used to represent a single sound (phoneme), or a combination of sounds, that do not correspond to the individual values of the letters.

Heptagraphs are extremely rare. Most other fixed sequences of seven letters are composed of shorter multigraphs with a predictable result. The seven-letter German sequence ⟨schtsch⟩, used to transliterate the Russian and Ukrainian letter ⟨щ⟩, as in ⟨Borschtsch⟩ [bɔʁʃtʃ] for Russian/Ukrainian ⟨борщ⟩ (Russian: [borɕː], Ukrainian: [bɔrʃtʃ]) "borscht", is a sequence of a trigraph ⟨sch⟩ [ʃ] and a tetragraph ⟨tsch⟩ [t͡ʃ]. Likewise, the Juu languages have been claimed to have a heptagraph ⟨dtsʼkxʼ⟩, but this is also a sequence, of ⟨dtsʼ⟩ and ⟨kxʼ⟩.

Another theoretical example of a heptagraph would be the traditional Irish spelling oidhche 'night' for modern oíche, but only for the pronunciation /iː/ as found in the Cois Fharraige dialect.

Trigraph (orthography)
A trigraph (from Ancient Greek  τρεῖς (treîs) 'three' and  γράφω (gráphō) 'to write') is a group of three characters used to represent a single sound or a combination of sounds that does not correspond to the written letters combined.
Freedom's Way National Heritage Area
Freedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites.  The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures.

The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of 45 communities in the two states. The designated area also includes portions of Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge.

Freedom's Way National Heritage Area was established by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009.

Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge
The Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge is a 12-mile-long (19 km) river wetlands conservation area, in two major parcels, stretching from the towns of Billerica, Massachusetts (downstream) to Wayland, Massachusetts (upstream), along the Concord River and Sudbury River.

Part of the National Wildlife Refuge system, the park is a popular destination for bird watchers and tourists. About 85 percent of the refuge's 3,600 acres (15 km2) is freshwater wetlands.
Modimo
Modimo (also spelt as Molimo in Lesotho Sesotho, and known as Mudzimu or Raluvhimba in Tshivenda and uMlimo or Zimu in Southern and Northern Ndebele) is a creator god, supreme deity and sky deity in the traditional religion of the Sotho-Tswana people. Modimo and all its derivatives ultimately stem from the proto-Sotho-Tswana prefix *mo- which indicates personhood + *-dzimu "above, in the sky" and so Modimo can be translated to mean "the high one" or "the sky-deity" or "the one above" or "the Supreme Deity" or merely "the high god" in English. Modimo is the equivalent of the Xhosa Supreme Deity Qamata and the Zulu Supreme Deity uMvelinqangi and the Shona Supreme Deity Mwari.

Mwari
Mwari is the supreme creator deity according to Shona and Venda traditional religion. It is believed that Mwari is the author of all things and all life and all is in him. The majority of this deity's followers are concentrated in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Mwari (Mwali) is an omnipotent being, who rules over spirits and is the Supreme God of the religion.

The same deity is applied and also referred to as Inkhosi in Northern and Southern Ndebele traditional religion. Mwari's reverence dates back to the age of the ancient king Monomotapa, of the Mutapa Kingdom on the Zambezi River.
Rivière aux Outardes Est
The Rivière aux Outardes Est (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ oz‿utaʁd ɛst]) is a tributary of the rivière aux Outardes. This cross-border river between Canada and the United States crosses:

Clinton County, in New York State, in United States;

the municipalities of Franklin, Ormstown and Hinchinbrooke, in the Le Haut-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality, in Montérégie, in Quebec, in Canada.

In Canada, the East Outardes River valley is mainly served by (from the mouth): the Rivière-aux-Outardes road, the Montée de Rockburn, the Gore road, the Williams road rang des Botreaux, chemin du rang Dumas, Montée Sharpe, chemin du 8e rang, chemin Wilson, route 202, route 209 and chemin from Covey Hill.

The river surface is generally frozen from mid-December to the end of March. Safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation.

Le Haut-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality
Le Haut-Saint-Laurent (French pronunciation: [lə o sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃], lit. 'Upper Saint Lawrence') is a regional county municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Montérégie region. Its seat is in Huntingdon. It is named for the Saint Lawrence River, which forms its western and its northwestern boundaries.
2006 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic Junior and U23 World Ski Championships 2006 took place in Kranj, Slovenia from 30 January to 5 February 2006. It was the 29th Junior World Championships. This was the first time that the Under-23 World Championships and the Junior World Champions were held at the same time and location.

This was the first championship where women competed in ski jumping. Juliane Seyfarth of Germany became the first female junior world champion by winning the normal hill event on 2 February 2006.

FIS Nordic Junior World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic Junior World Ski Championships is an annual nordic skiing event organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). The Junior World Championships was started in 1977 and was first hosted in Sainte-Croix, Switzerland. The Junior World Championship events include Nordic skiing's three disciplines: cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and nordic combined (the latter being a combination sport consisting of both cross-country and ski jumping).
First Rockingham ministry
The first Rockingham ministry was a British ministry headed by Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham from 1765 to 1766 during the reign of King George III. The government was made up mainly of his followers known as the Rockingham Whigs. The most influential member of the government was Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, a former prime minister, who served as Lord Privy Seal. It is often referred to as the only government ever to have been made up almost entirely of members of the Jockey Club, with Rockingham himself being a prominent patron and follower of the turf. Rockingham was noted for his ignorance of foreign affairs, and his ministry failed to reverse the growing isolation of Britain within Europe (Simms 2008, p. 520).

The Rockingham ministry fell in 1766 and was replaced by one headed by William Pitt, later the Earl of Chatham.

Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (13 May 1730 – 1 July 1782), styled The Honourable Charles Watson-Wentworth before 1739, Viscount Higham between 1739 and 1746, Earl of Malton between 1746 and 1750, and the Marquess of Rockingham from 1750, was a British Whig statesman and magnate, most notable for his two terms as Prime Minister of Great Britain. He became the patron of many Whigs, known as the Rockingham Whigs, and served as a leading Whig grandee. He served in only two high offices during his lifetime (prime minister and leader of the House of Lords) but was nonetheless very influential during his one and a half years of service.
Brig-Glis
Brig, officially Brig-Glis (French: Brigue-Glis; Italian: Briga-Glis), is a historic town and municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The current municipality was formed in 1972 through the merger of Brig (city), Brigerbad and Glis.

Together with other Alpine towns, Brig-Glis engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Brig-Glis was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2008.

The official language of Brig is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
Olive fruit fly
The olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) is a species of fruit fly which belongs to the subfamily Dacinae. It is a phytophagous species whose larvae feed on the fruit of olive trees, hence the common name. It is considered a serious pest in the cultivation of olives.

Until 1998, the fly had not been detected in the United States, and its range coincided with the range of the olive tree in the Eastern Hemisphere: northern, eastern, and southern Africa, Southern Europe, the Canary Islands, India, and western Asia. In the Western Hemisphere, it is currently restricted to California, Baja California, and Sonora. The olive fruit fly was first detected in North America infesting olive fruits on landscape trees in Los Angeles County in November 1998. It can now be found throughout the state of California.

Integrated pest management
Integrated pest management (IPM), also known as integrated pest control (IPC) integrates both chemical and non-chemical practices for economic control of pests. The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization defines IPM as "the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human health and the environment. IPM emphasizes the growth of a healthy crop with the least possible disruption to agro-ecosystems and encourages natural pest control mechanisms." Entomologists and ecologists have urged the adoption of IPM pest control since the 1970s. IPM is a safer pest control framework than reliance on the use of chemical pesticides, mitigating risks such as: insecticide-induced resurgence, pesticide resistance and (especially food) crop residues.
Parablechnum cordatum
Parablechnum cordatum (synonyms Blechnum cordatum, Blechnum chilense), the Chilean hard fern or costilla de vaca (Chilean Spanish for "cow's rib"), is a fern of the family Blechnaceae, native to Chile. It is also found in neighboring areas of Argentina and the Juan Fernández Islands.

It grows to 0.9–1.8 m (2 ft 11 in – 5 ft 11 in), often developing a trunk-like appearance over time. The fertile fronds are more erect, with narrower pinnae, than the infertile ones.

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Blechnaceae
Blechnaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Its status as a family and the number of genera included have both varied considerably. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family has 24 genera, and excludes genera placed in the separate family Onocleaceae. The family is divided into three subfamilies, including Blechnoideae s.s. Alternatively, the entire family may be treated as the subfamily Blechnoideae s.l. of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, and include genera others place in Onocleaceae.
Amborhytida forsythi
Amborhytida forsythi is a species of land snail belonging to the family Rhytididae. First described in 1952, the species is endemic to the Northland Region of New Zealand, likely evolving on mainland Northland when other members of Amborhytida lived on former islands that existed during the Pliocene epoch.

Rhytididae
Rhytididae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized predatory air-breathing land snails, carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Rhytidoidea.

This family has three subfamilies:

Chlamydephorinae Cockerell, 1935 (1903)

Rhytidinae Pilsbry, 1893

Corillinae Pilsbry, 1905
Migraine Specific Quality of Life
The Migraine Specific Quality of Life (MSQoL) is a patient-reported outcome measure (PRO or PROM) which assesses the quality of life of migraineurs. It is a 25-item questionnaire which is filled out by the patient and is used to determine how the patient's life has been affected by their migraines.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.