hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ashley Henderson
Ashley Nicole Henderson (born October 17, 2004) is an American college soccer player who plays as a forward for the Florida State Seminoles. She previously played for the  Memphis Tigers, earning third-team All-American honors in 2025. She has played for the United States national futsal team internationally.

2023 American Athletic Conference women's soccer tournament
The 2023 American Athletic Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the American Athletic Conference held from October 31 to November 5, 2023. The tournament was hosted at the Premier Sports Campus located in Lakewood Ranch, Florida. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The Memphis Tigers are the defending tournament champions. Memphis successfully defended its title, defeating UAB in the First Round, Charlotte in the Semifinals and SMU in the Final.  Memphis' win was the program's fourth and also the fourth for coach Brooks Monaghan. This title was Memphis' third in a row. As tournament champions, Memphis earned the American's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Tournament.
Cubic surface
In mathematics, a cubic surface is a surface in 3-dimensional space defined by one polynomial equation of degree 3. Cubic surfaces are fundamental examples in algebraic geometry. The theory is simplified by working in projective space rather than affine space, and so cubic surfaces are generally considered in projective 3-space . The theory also becomes more uniform by focusing on surfaces over the complex numbers rather than the real numbers; note that a complex surface has real dimension 4. A simple example is the Fermat cubic surface

in . Many properties of cubic surfaces hold more generally for del Pezzo surfaces.

Fermat cubic
In geometry, the Fermat cubic, named after Pierre de Fermat, is a surface defined by

Methods of algebraic geometry provide the following parameterization of Fermat's cubic:

In projective space the Fermat cubic is given by

The 27 lines lying on the Fermat cubic are easy to describe explicitly: they are the 9 lines of the form (w : aw : y : by) where a and b are fixed numbers with cube −1, and their 18 conjugates under permutations of coordinates.

Real points of Fermat cubic surface.
N-Alkylamphetamine
N-Alkylamphetamine, or a substituted N-alkylamphetamine, is an amphetamine with an alkyl group at the amine nitrogen and can refer to:

N-Methylamphetamine (methamphetamine)

N-Ethylamphetamine (ethylamphetamine)

N-Propylamphetamine (propylamphetamine)

N-Isopropylamphetamine (isopropylamphetamine)

N-Butylamphetamine (butylamphetamine)

N,N-Dialkylamphetamines include dimethylamphetamine (N,N-dimethylamphetamine) and derivatives like metamfepramone (dimethylpropion, N,N-dimethylcathinone), amfepramone (diethylpropion, N,N-diethylcathinone), MDDM (N,N-diethyl-MDMA), dimethylone, dibutylone, and dipentylone.

An N,N,N-trialkylamphetamine is MDTMA (N,N,N-trimethyl-MDA).

Isopropylamphetamine
Isopropylamphetamine is a psychostimulant of the substituted amphetamine class. It is an isomer of propylamphetamine and was discovered by a team at Astra Läkemedel AB. The isopropyl moiety reduces the stimulant activity of the compound but greatly increases the duration of action. For this reason, the compound is not used recreationally.
Syed Aqeel-ul-Gharavi
Aqeel-ul-Gharavi also known as  Ayatullah Aqeel-ul-Gharavi  (Arabic: آيت الله السيد عقيل الغروى; born 2 February 1964) is a leading Indian Twelver Shia scholar, writer, and a mujtahid.

He is described as a senior Shia scholar from the Indian subcontinent. He was the principal of Hawza-e-Ilmia Jamia-tus-Saqalain, Delhi and is the chairman of Safinatul Hidaya Trust, India. He is the vice-President of All India Muslim Majlis-e-Mushawarat and member of All India Muslim Personal Law Board.  He is patron of Imamia Islamic University, Delhi and secretary of Forum of Philosophers, India.

Allama Aqeel ul Gharavi is the representative of Majma Taghrib by Ayatullah Sheikh Mohsen Araki for the Indian sub-continent.

He is the supervisor of monthly published magazine Adabi Kainat. Adabi Kainat was founded in 1971, and is published in Urdu.

Majlis
Majlis is an Arabic term meaning 'sitting room'. It is used to describe various types of special gatherings among common interest groups of administrative, social or religious nature in countries with linguistic or cultural connections to the Muslim world. Majlis can refer to a legislature as well and is used in the name of legislative councils or assemblies in some states.
Clarión wren
The Clarión wren (Troglodytes tanneri) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Clarión Island off Pacific Mexico.

It looks much like a house wren but is larger with a prominently longer bill, somewhat approaching the Carolina wren in form.

Its natural habitats are the less arid patches of shrubland, notably thickets of Ipomoea halierca morning glory. It also appears to occur in the garrison buildings and garden at Sulfur Bay, but usually avoids the rocky shores and other exposed areas. In dense undergrowth, territories are some 10 meters (30–40 ft) in diameter.

In late March 1953, males were found to be singing and threatening intruding competitors. Egg laying takes place between mid-March and mid-April.

The eggs are similar to those of the house wren, but larger and more elongated. They measure approximately 20×14 mm and also are colored basically like those of house wrens but with fewer and crisper markings noticeably denser at the blunt end.

Northern house wren
The northern house wren (Troglodytes aedon) is a very small passerine in the wren family Troglodytidae. It is found in southern Canada, the USA and Mexico. It occurs in most suburban areas in its range. It formerly included many subspecies resident in South America and in the Caribbean that are now considered as separate species. The name troglodytes means "hole dweller", and is a reference to the bird's tendency to disappear into crevices when hunting insects or to seek shelter.
National Association of County and City Health Officials
The National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) is a Washington, D.C.–based organization. These departments work to promote health and well-being for people through programs and services.

United States Conference of Mayors
The United States Conference of Mayors (USCM) is the official non-partisan organization of cities with populations of 30,000 or more. The cities are each represented by their mayors or other chief elected officials. The organization was founded in light of the Great Depression and was formed under Herbert Hoover until its original charter was signed at the Mayflower Hotel in Washington, D.C., on the eve of the inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The organization is part of the "Big Seven", a group of organizations that represent local and state governments in the United States.
Mark Gerban
Mark Gerban (born November 30, 1979) is an American professional rower. He  represented the State of Palestine at the 2005 World Championships. Competing in the Lightweight Men's Single, he had the highest-placed World Championship finish (16th) of a Palestinian athlete in any sport (excluding Special Olympics events).

Drexel University
Drexel University is a private research university with its main campus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Drexel's undergraduate school was founded in 1891 by Anthony J. Drexel, a financier and philanthropist. Founded as Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry, it was renamed Drexel Institute of Technology in 1936, before assuming its current name in 1970. As of 2020, more than 24,000 students were enrolled in over 70 undergraduate programs and more than 100 master's, doctoral, and professional programs at the university. Drexel's cooperative education program (co-op) is a unique aspect of the school's degree programs, offering students the opportunity to gain up to 18 months of paid, full-time work experience in a field relevant to their undergraduate major or graduate degree program prior to graduation.
Time Tunnel (museum)
The Time Tunnel is Malaysia's first memorabilia museum. Located in Brinchang, it is one of the main attractions of the Cameron Highlands.

Established in January 2007, the museum is filled with more than 4,000 collectibles and memorabilia. They are showcased in eight galleries covering an area of approximately 1,300 square metres.

Tanah Rata
Tanah Rata is a town located in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. The name "tanah rata" means flat ground in Malay and it refers to the relatively flat area on which the town is located amidst this highland region. It has an elevation of 1,440 metres (4,720 ft).

It is the largest town in the Cameron Highlands region and contains many facilities and amenities, including the district council, banks and ATMs, the main Police Station of Cameron Highlands and the main hospital in Cameron Highlands. There is a taxi station and a bus station for travel to other parts of Cameron Highlands, as well as to Ipoh and to Kuala Lumpur. There are also backpacker inns and hotels at various prices.
The Catch (American band)
The Catch was a rock band from Seattle, Washington. Formed by Carly Nicklaus (U.S.E), Amy Rockwell (Dolour, U.S.E), Jenny Jimenez on bass guitar and Alissa Newton on drums. The group released their first album Get Cool on Made In Mexico Records in May 2005. Jimenez and Newton later left the group, to be replaced by Shane Berry and Garrett Lunceford of The Divorce. Justin Harcus later replaced Berry.

United State of Electronica
United State of Electronica, or U.S.E., is an American music group formed in 2002 based in Seattle, Washington. It includes the four members of the band Wonderful: Jason Holstrom (guitar, vocals), Jon e. Rock (drums, vocals), Peter Sali (guitar, vocals), and Noah Star Weaver (keyboards, vocoder), as well as Derek Chan (bass guitar), Carly Nicklaus (vocals), and Amanda Khanjian (vocals).
Latvian State Language Center
Latvian State Language Centre (VVC; Latvian: Valsts valodas centrs) is a direct administration institution subordinated to the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Latvia. The purpose of the State Language Centre is to implement the national policy on the use of the official language - Latvian.

The Centre supervises and controls the conformity with laws and regulations on the use of official language, provides the State administration institutions and the public with official translations of laws and regulations and other documents issued by the State or international organisations while concurrently ensuring use of consistent terminology. The State Language Centre protects rights and interests of the official language users, promotes the regularisation of the cultural environment of language and promotes comprehensive functioning of the Latvian language.

Ministry of Justice (Latvia)
The Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Latvia, established in 1918, holds the prominent position as the primary state governing body responsible for overseeing matters related to justice. It serves as the supreme authority for subordinate public administration institutions operating within the justice sector.

At the political level, the Ministry is headed by the Minister of Justice. The ministry receives support from the Secretary of State. The State Secretary assumes essential responsibilities, including organizing the development of sectoral policies and strategies, implementing sectoral policies, managing administrative tasks within the institution, and coordinating the execution of the Ministry's functions.
9th Hum Awards
The 9th Hum Awards by Hum Network Limited, honored the best in fashion, music, and Hum Television Dramas of 2022 and 2023. It took place on 28 September 2024 at the OVO Arena in Wembley, London. The ceremony was televised in Pakistan by Hum TV. It was hosted by Ahmad Ali Butt, Ahad Raza Mir, Ahmed Ali Akbar, Ramsha Khan and Yumna Zaidi.

Sang-e-Mah received 12 nominations, the most for any series and was followed by Jhok Sarkar which received 11 nominations. Sang-e-Mah led the ceremony with 7 awards, followed by Jhok Sarkar and Fairy Tale, which each won 3 awards.

Hum Awards
Hum Awards are annual Pakistani accolades bestowed by the Hum Network in recognition of excellence in programming of television, fashion and music industry of Pakistan. Winners are awarded the Hum Award of Merit. The awards were first presented in 2013.
Michael Möllenbeck
Michael Friedrich Möllenbeck (12 December 1969 – 2 November 2022) was a German discus thrower.

Möllenbeck's greatest achievements were two World Championship bronze medals, and his bronze at the 2005 World Championships was especially welcome as Germany struggled to win medals. His personal best throw was 67.64 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Dortmund. This ranks him seventh among German discus throwers, behind Jürgen Schult, Lars Riedel, Wolfgang Schmidt, Armin Lemme, Hein-Direck Neu and Alwin Wagner.

Möllenbeck married fellow discus thrower Anja Gündler in 1996. He died on 2 November 2022, at the age of 52.

Alwin Wagner
Alwin Josef Wagner (born 11 August 1950 in Melsungen, Hessen) is a West German discus thrower and weight lifter, who was affiliated with University Sportclub Mainz (USC Mainz).

He finished sixth at the 1984 Summer Olympics. In Germany he is also well known for winning five national championships in a row in the years 1981–1985.

His personal best throw was 67.80 metres, achieved in July 1987 in Melsungen. This result ranks him sixth among German discus throwers, behind Jürgen Schult, Lars Riedel, Wolfgang Schmidt, Armin Lemme and Hein-Direck Neu. While competing, he was 1.96 meters tall and weighed 130 kg.
Leipzig Zoological Garden
Leipzig Zoological Garden, or Leipzig Zoo (German: Zoologischer Garten Leipzig) is a zoo in the Leipzig borough of Mitte, locality Zentrum-Nordwest, Germany. It was first opened on June 9, 1878. It was taken over by the city of Leipzig in 1920 after World War I and now covers about 27 hectares (67 acres) and contains approximately 850 species.
By 2020, the zoo featured six different theme worlds, aiming at providing habitats appropriate for the species on display.

Leipzig zoo is internationally noted for its large building projects such as Pongoland (housing gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans) and Gondwanaland (the world's second largest indoor rainforest hall at 1.65 ha or 4.1 acres). It has bred more than 2,000 lions, 250 rare Siberian tigers, and other carnivores like bears. Leipzig Zoological Garden has been called the "Zoo of the future". It is ranked as the best zoo in Germany and also the second-best in Europe (after Vienna).

Western lowland gorilla
The western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) is one of two Critically Endangered subspecies of the western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) that lives in montane, primary and secondary forest and lowland swampland in central Africa in Angola (Cabinda Province), Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. It is the nominate subspecies of the western gorilla, and the smallest of the four gorilla subspecies.

The western lowland gorilla is the only subspecies kept in zoos with the exception of Amahoro, a female eastern lowland gorilla at Antwerp Zoo, and a few mountain gorillas kept captive in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Olivia Smith (soccer)
Olivia Smith (born August 5, 2004) is a Canadian professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Women's Super League club Arsenal and the Canada national team. She was the first £1 million women's football signing, from Liverpool.

2022 League1 Ontario season (women)
The 2022 League1 Ontario season is the seventh season of play for Women's Division of League1 Ontario, a Division 3 women's soccer league in the Canadian soccer league system and the highest level of soccer based in the Canadian province of Ontario.

NDC Ontario defeated Alliance United FC in the final to win the league championship. As NDC Ontario was unavailable to participate in the League1 Canada Interprovincial Championship due to scheduling issues, Alliance United instead represented the league, finishing in third place.
Soft focus
In photography, soft focus occurs when a camera lens forms images that are blurred
due to uncorrected spherical aberration. A soft focus lens deliberately introduces spherical aberration which blurs fine texture in the image while retaining sharp edges across areas of high contrast; it is not the same as an out-of-focus image, and the effect cannot be achieved simply by defocusing a sharp lens. Soft focus is also the name of the style of photograph produced by such a lens.

Depth of field
The depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image captured with a camera. See also the closely related depth of focus.
Ranghad (term)
The term "Ranghad" is commonly associated with Ranghars, or individuals of Rajput descent originating from Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. While a significant portion of individuals bearing this surname adhere to the Muslim faith, there also exists a considerable Hindu population among the Ranghad community in Haryana. Following the Partition of India in 1947, many Muslim Ranghads migrated to Pakistan, primarily settling in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh.

Sirsa district
Sirsa district is the largest district by area in Haryana state, India. Sirsa is the district headquarters. It is located on National Highway 9 and 250 kilometres (160 mi) from the capital Delhi. On 1 September 1975, Sirsa became a district by taking Sirsa and Dabwali tahsils from Hisar District. There are a total of 342 villages in Sirsa district.
Ginkgo apodes
Ginkgo apodes  is an extinct species of plant in the order Ginkgoales. It is known from fossils found in the Yixian Formation dated to the Tithonian period, from the Late Jurassic, located near Mount Yinwoshan, Yixian region, Liaoning Province, China.

The leaves of G. apodes are similar to those that are known in the rest of the representatives of the genus Ginkgo, with a fan-shaped leaf characterized by finger-like lobes.

Ginkgo
Ginkgo is a genus of non-flowering seed plants, assigned to the gymnosperms. The scientific name is also used as the English common name. The order to which the genus belongs, Ginkgoales, first appeared in the Permian, 270 million years ago, and Ginkgo is now the only living genus within the order. The rate of evolution within the genus has been slow, and almost all its species had become extinct by the end of the Pliocene. The sole surviving species, Ginkgo biloba, is found in the wild only in China, but is cultivated around the world. The relationships between ginkgos and other groups of plants are not fully resolved.
Location estimation in sensor networks
Location estimation in wireless sensor networks is the problem of estimating the location of an object from a set of noisy measurements. These measurements are acquired in a distributed manner by a set of sensors.

Estimation theory
Estimation theory is a branch of statistics that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured empirical data that has a random component.  The parameters describe an underlying physical setting in such a way that their value affects the distribution of the measured data. An estimator attempts to approximate the unknown parameters using the measurements.
In estimation theory, two approaches are generally considered:

The probabilistic approach (described in this article) assumes that the measured data is random with a probability distribution dependent on the parameters of interest

The set-membership approach assumes that the measured data vector belongs to a set which depends on the parameter vector.
Sun Liang
Sun Liang (243 – 260), courtesy name Ziming, was the second emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the youngest son and heir of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Wu. He is also known as the Prince of Kuaiji or (less frequently) Marquis of Houguan (候官侯), which were his successive titles after he was deposed in November 258 by the regent Sun Chen and is sometimes known as the Young Emperor. He was succeeded by his brother Sun Xiu, who managed to oust Sun Chen from power and kill him. Two years after Sun Liang's dethronement, he was falsely accused of treason and demoted from a prince to a marquis, after which he killed himself.

Pei Songzhi
Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a Chinese historian and politician who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and the Liu Song dynasty. His ancestral home was in Wenxi County, Shanxi, but he moved to the Jiangnan region later. He is best known for making annotations to the historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi) written by Chen Shou in the third century, providing additional details omitted from the original work. His commentary, completed in 429, became integral to later editions of the Sanguozhi, making the joint work three times as long as the original. His son, Pei Yin (裴駰), and great-grandson Pei Ziye (裴子野), were also well-known historians.
Ted Albert
Edward Frank Albert (1937 – 11 November 1990) was an Australian early pioneer independent record producer, and founder of Albert Productions (part of his great-grandfather's company Albert Music). In recognition of his contribution to the music industry, the Australasian Performing Right Association established the annual Ted Albert Award for Outstanding Services to Australian Music.

John Paul Young
John Inglis Young, OAM (born 21 June 1950), known professionally as John Paul Young, is an Australian pop singer who is best known for having a worldwide hit with "Love Is in the Air" in 1978. His career was boosted by regular appearances as a performer and guest host on Countdown, a 1974–1987 TV series for Australia's national broadcaster ABC.
Besides "Love Is in the Air", Young had top ten chart success in Germany and the Netherlands with "Standing in the Rain" and four other top ten hits in South Africa, including No. 1 hits with "I Hate the Music" in 1976 and "Yesterday's Hero" in 1975.

On 27 August 2009, Young was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame.
Derek de Solla Price Memorial Medal
The Derek de Solla Price Memorial Award, or Price Medal, was conceived to honor Derek J. de Solla Price for his contributions to information science and for his crucial role in developing the field of scientometrics. The award was launched by Tibor Braun, founder  of the international journal Scientometrics, and is periodically awarded by the journal to scientists with outstanding contributions to the fields of quantitative studies of science. The awarding ceremony is part of the annual ISSI conference. The first medal was awarded to Eugene Garfield in 1984. The full list of winners can be found below.

Scientometrics
Scientometrics is a subfield of informetrics that studies quantitative aspects of scholarly literature. Major research issues in scientometrics include the measurement of the impact of research papers and academic journals, the understanding of scientific citations, and the use of such measurements in policy and management contexts.

In practice, there is a substantial overlap between scientometrics and other scientific fields, including information systems, information science, the science of science policy, the sociology of science, and metascience. Critics have argued that overreliance on scientometrics has created a system of perverse incentives, producing a publish or perish environment that leads to low-quality research.