hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeff Wagner (politician)
Jeffrey D. Wagner (born April 2, 1960) is a Republican politician who first held office as Seneca County Commissioner from 1996 to 2002. He was then elected to the Ohio House of Representatives 81st District and served from 2003 to 2011. Due to term limitations, he vacated the House seat and was elected to the Seneca County Board of Commissioners as Vice President in 2011. Later that same year, he expressed interest in an Ohio Senate seat vacated by Karen Gillmor, but never pursued appointment. Wagner was one of the three Seneca County Commissioners responsible for the destruction of the historic 1884 Seneca County courthouse in 2012.

Karen Gillmor
Karen Gillmor (born January 29, 1948) is a Republican politician who served in the Ohio Senate, and who now serves on the Ohio Industrial Commission. She is the widow of former U.S. Congressman Paul Gillmor.
Baldock Town F.C.
Baldock Town Football Club is a football club based in Baldock, Hertfordshire, England. Having originally been established in 1905, the current version of the club was established in 2003. They are currently members of Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division and groundshare with Arlesey Town at their Hitchin Road ground.

Spartan South Midlands Football League
The Spartan South Midlands Football League is an English football league covering Hertfordshire, northwest Greater London, central Buckinghamshire and southern Bedfordshire. It is a feeder to the Southern Football League or the Isthmian League, and consists of five divisions – three for first teams (Premier Division, Division One and Division Two), and two for reserve teams (Reserve Division One and Reserve Division Two).

The Premier Division is at step 5 (or level 9) and Division One at step 6 (level 10) of the National League System (NLS) respectively. Division Two, at level 11, and the reserve divisions are not part of the NLS.
Definition of life
The precise definition of life is a contested aspect of it, and several proposals have been advanced. Biology defines and studies life as we know it, but abiogenesis and astrobiology seek wider and more encompassing definitions. Abiogenesis is the process by which life develops from inorganic materials, so a definition aims to establish the frontier between inorganic matter and the earliest lifeforms. Astrobiology seeks extraterrestrial life, which may differ from life on Earth.

Carol Cleland
Carol Edith Cleland (born 1948) is an American philosopher of science known for her work on the definition of life and the shadow biosphere, on the classification of minerals by their geological history, on the distinction between historical and experimental approaches to science, and on the Church–Turing thesis on theoretical limits to physical computation. She is a professor of philosophy at the University of Colorado Boulder, holds affiliations with the NASA Astrobiology Institute, the SETI Institute, and the CU Boulder Center for Astrobiology, and directs the Center for Study of Origins.
Papilio syfanius
Papilio syfanius is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus Papilio that is found in China, where it is endemic. It may be a western subspecies of Papilio bianor differentiated by the white hindwing patches (which  vary in extent).

Papilio bianor
Papilio bianor, also known as the common peacock, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae, the swallowtails. It is native to Continental Asia.
It is the state butterfly of the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format
Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format (shortened to Wireless Bitmap and with file extension .wbmp) is a raster image file format optimized for early mobile computing devices.

WBMP images are monochrome black and white binary images in which a black pixel is denoted by 0 and a white pixel is denoted by 1. The simple pixel encoding and the small size of the file header mean that the file size is kept to a minimum, enabling fast transmission on slow networks.

Image file format
An image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency.

Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence–accommodation conflict.

Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization.
KS Wisła
KS Wisła is a Polish sports club from Wisła, Silesian Voivodeship founded on 15 April 1953. It has at times been sponsored and been named after the Ustronianka brand.

It is known for ski jumping and is the club of Adam Małysz, Wojciech Tajner, Tomisław Tajner, Rafał Śliż, Tomasz Byrt, Aleksander Zniszczoł, and Paweł Wąsek.

Wisła
Wisła (Polish: [ˈviswa] ⓘ; Czech: Visla; Silesian: Wistula; German: Weichsel [ˈvaɪksl̩] ⓘ) is a town in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, with a population of about 11,132 (2019), near the border with the Czech Republic. It is situated in the Silesian Beskids mountain range in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia and ethnic region of the Silesian Gorals. Wisła is the Polish name for the Vistula River, which has its source in the mountains near the town.

It is the only town in Poland with a majority Lutheran population (as of 2006 roughly two-thirds of the population were Protestant, which is a drop from 94,4% in 1900).

Wisła is a popular year-round tourist destination, being home to Malinka, a ski jumping hill. It is also known for being the home town of ski jumper Adam Małysz. Wisła is also the home of the Beskid Museum displaying agricultural tools, folk costumes and goatskin bagpipes from the surrounding region.
Phaeton Airport
Phaeton Airport is an airport located in Phaeton, a town in the Fort-Liberte area of the Nord-Est Department of Haiti. The airport was built as part of the Dauphin Plantation and is 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) west of the town.

Nord-Est (department)
Nord-Est (French, pronounced [nɔʁɛst] ⓘ) or Nodès (Haitian Creole; both meaning "North East") is one of the ten departments of Haiti, located in northern Haiti. It has an area of 1,623 km2 (627 sq mi), making it the smallest of all the departments. It had an estimated population of 393,967 as of 2015. Its capital is Fort-Liberté. It was a part of the Nord department.
2009 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 2009 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 99th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

St Martin's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 11 October 2009 at Wexford Park, between Oulart–The Ballagh and Buffers Alley, in what was their sixth meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in the final in two years. Oulart–The Ballagh won the match by 3-12 to 1-13 to claim their seventh championship title overall and a first title in two years.

Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The Wexford Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Pettitt's SuperValu Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Wexford GAA clubs. The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

St Martin's are the title holders after defeating Rathnure by 2-14 to 0–16 in the final.
Cadmium oxalate
Cadmium oxalate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CdC2O4. It can be produced by reacting potassium oxalate and cadmium nitrate. Its thermal decomposition in air produces cadmium oxide, while metallic cadmium will be formed instead under vacuum. It reacts with chalcogens in ethylenediamine to form the corresponding cadmium chalcogenide:

CdC2O4 + E → CdE + 2 CO2↑ (E = S, Se, Te)

Cadmium oxide
Cadmium oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula CdO. It is one of the main precursors to other cadmium compounds. It crystallizes in a cubic rocksalt lattice like sodium chloride, with octahedral cation and anion centers. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral monteponite. Cadmium oxide can be found as a colorless amorphous powder or as brown or red crystals. Cadmium oxide is an n-type semiconductor with a band gap of 2.18 eV (2.31 eV) at room temperature (298 K).
Donald Sussman
Selwyn Donald Sussman (born June 8, 1946) is an American billionaire hedge fund manager who is the founder and chief investment officer of the Paloma Funds. Sussman has served on the boards of a large number of organizations and is considered a "heavy hitter" donor.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Methylacidiphilum infernorum
Methylacidiphilum infernorum  is an extremely acidophilic methanotrophic aerobic bacteria first isolated and described in 2007 growing on soil and sediment on Hell's Gate, New Zealand. Similar organisms have also been isolated from geothermal sites on Italy and Russia.

A polyextremophile, these non-motile rods grows optimally at pH between 2.0 and 2.5 and temperature of 60 °C. It is a methanotrophic obligated bacteria that grows at 25% (v/v) of methane in air. It is also very dependent on carbon dioxide concentrations to grow, optimally at 8% (v/v) CO2 in air.

Due to its classification in the phylum Verrucomicrobiota and its extreme acidophilic phenotype M. infernorum is unique between all known methanotrophs.

Methylotroph
Methylotrophs  are a diverse group of microorganisms that can use reduced one-carbon compounds, such as methanol or methane, as the carbon source for their growth; and multi-carbon compounds that contain no carbon-carbon bonds, such as dimethyl ether and dimethylamine. This group of microorganisms also includes those capable of assimilating reduced one-carbon compounds by way of carbon dioxide using the ribulose bisphosphate pathway.  These organisms should not be confused with methanogens which on the contrary produce methane as a by-product from various one-carbon compounds such as carbon dioxide.
Some methylotrophs can degrade the greenhouse gas methane, and in this case they are called methanotrophs. The abundance, purity, and low resource cost of methanol compared to commonly used sugars make methylotrophs competent organisms for production of amino acids, vitamins, recombinant proteins, single-cell proteins, co-enzymes and cytochromes.
Awliscombe
Awliscombe is a village and civil parish in the East Devon district of Devon, England.  The village is about two miles west of Honiton.  The 2011 census showed a population of 500 for the parish, which is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Dunkeswell, Combe Raleigh, Honiton, Gittisham, Buckerell, Payhembury and Broadhembury.

In the centre of the village is the church of St Michael & All Angels and Awliscombe C of E Primary School.

The village has been described as having "a fine show of medieval stonework", and the church screen as being "one of the splendid survivals of the best craftsmanship of medieval Devon".

Honiton
Honiton (/ˈhɒnitən/) is a market town and civil parish in East Devon, situated close to the River Otter, 17 miles (27 km) north east of Exeter in the county of Devon. Honiton has a population estimated at 12,154 (based on 2021 census).
Demographics of Chile
Chile's 2017 census reported a population of 17,574,003 people. Its rate of population growth has been decreasing since 1990, due to a declining birth rate. By 2050 the population is expected to reach approximately 20.2 million people, at which point it is projected to either stagnate or begin declining. About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in Greater Santiago alone. The largest agglomerations according to the 2002 census are Greater Santiago with 5.6 million people, Greater Concepción with 861,000 and Greater Valparaíso with 824,000.

According to the 2024 Census, the population of Chile was 18,480,432, meaning a growth of 5.2% since the 2017 Census, however, since the 2024 was a de jure census, growth between 2017 and 2024 can differ, according to the Chilean National Institute of Statistics, comparing both census by de jure results, the population growth between both censuses was 6.7%.

German Chileans
German Chileans (Spanish: germanochilenos; German: Deutsch-Chilenen) are Chileans descended from German immigrants, about 30,000 of whom arrived in Chile between 1846 and 1914. Most of these were from traditionally Catholic Bavaria, Baden and the Rhineland, and also from Bohemia in the present-day Czech Republic; even included were Alsatians and Poles through Partitions of Poland. A smaller number of Lutherans immigrated to Chile following the failed revolutions of 1848.

From the middle of the 19th century to the present, they have played a significant role in the economic, political and cultural development of the Chilean nation. The 19th-century immigrants settled chiefly in Chile's Araucanía, Los Ríos and Los Lagos regions in the so-called Zona Sur of Chile, including the Chilean lake district.
Geography of Ethiopia
Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. Ethiopia has a high central plateau, the Abyssinian Highlands (or Ethiopian Highlands) that varies from 1,290 to 3,000 m (4,232 to 9,843 ft) above sea level, with some 25 mountains whose peaks rise over 4,000 meters (13,200 ft), the highest being Ras Dashen at 4,543 meters (14,538 ft).

Elevation is generally highest just before the point of descent to the Great Rift Valley, which splits the plateau diagonally. A number of rivers cross the plateau; notably the Blue Nile rising from Lake Tana. The plateau gradually slopes to the lowlands of the Sudan on the west and the Somali-inhabited plains to the east. Ethiopia's westernmost locality is Pibor River opposite the Sudanese village of Denjok. Its easternmost locality lies along the eastern border of Dollo Zone opposite Puntland and Galmudug states.

Adigrat Sandstone
The Adigrat Sandstone formation in north Ethiopia, in a wide array of reddish colours, comprises sandstones with coarse to fine grains, and locally conglomerates, silt- and claystones. Given the many lateritic palaeosols and locally fossil wood fragments, the formation is interpreted as a deposit in estuarine, lacustrine-deltaic or continental environments. The upper limit of Adigrat Sandstone is of Middle-Late Jurassic age (around 160 million years or Ma ago) whereas the lower boundary is Triassic (200 Ma). There are numerous rock-hewn churches in this formation.
Dwaine Pretorius
Dwaine Pretorius (born 29 March 1989) is a former South African international cricketer who currently plays in various T20 leagues around the globe and for North West in domestic cricket as a bowling all-rounder. He announced his retirement from international cricket on 9 January 2023.

Mzansi Super League
The Mzansi Super League (MSL) was a Twenty20 cricket (T20) franchise league held in South Africa. The competition was established in 2018 by Cricket South Africa (CSA) as a replacement for the failed T20 Global League, but only two editions were played before the competition was itself canceled. The SA20 competition, first held in 2023, could be seen as a successor to the MSL.

The first edition of the tournament took place in November and December 2018. The South African Broadcasting Corporation broadcast all matches domestically on free-to-air channels.

The league consisted of six franchise teams representing different South African cities. Two editions were played under this format before changes were proposed to reflect the wide structural changes that were announced for South African domestic cricket in 2021, but the competition did not run in 2020 or 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was then cancelled.
Abraham Lincoln High School (Los Angeles, California)
Abraham Lincoln Senior High, usually referred to simply as Lincoln High School, is a secondary school located in the Lincoln Heights district of Los Angeles, California, United States. Located in the East Los Angeles-area community, surrounded by El Sereno, Chinatown, Boyle Heights and Cypress Park. It is one of 13 public schools in Lincoln Heights. The school is named after Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, and was one of the first public high schools established in California. It is one of the District 5 high schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District, the second largest school district in the US.

Lincoln students are drawn from Chinatown and other areas across Los Angeles County.

Boyle Heights, Los Angeles
Boyle Heights is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, located east of the Los Angeles River. It is one of the city's most notable and historic Chicano/Mexican American communities, and is home to cultural landmarks like Mariachi Plaza and events like the annual Día de los Muertos celebrations.
Daniel Bigham
Daniel John Bigham (born 2 October 1991) is a British aerodynamics engineer and former racing cyclist, who has predominantly competed successfully in individual and team endurance track events, winning gold medals at national, European and world championships.

2023 UEC European Track Championships
The 2023 UEC European Track Championships were the fourteenth edition of the elite UEC European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the Tissot Velodrome in Grenchen, Switzerland, from 8 to 12 February 2023.
2007 CIS Women's Volleyball Championship
The 2007 CIS Women's Volleyball Championship was held March 1, 2007 to March 3, 2007, in Calgary, Alberta, to determine a national champion for the 2006–07 CIS women's volleyball season. The tournament was played at the Jack Simpson Gymnasium and was hosted by the University of Calgary. This was the fourth time that the University of Calgary had hosted the tournament, including the previous year's championship in 2006.

The Canada West champion Alberta Pandas defeated the defending champion Laval Rouge et Or in the gold medal match to win the championship. The Pandas claimed their seventh national championship in program history which tied the Winnipeg Wesmen for the most in Canadian Interuniversity Sport history.

U Sports women's volleyball
U Sports women's volleyball is the highest level of amateur play of indoor volleyball in Canada and operates under the auspices of U Sports (formerly Canadian Interuniversity Sport). 43 teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CW), Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). Following intra-conference playoffs, eight teams are selected to play in a national tournament to compete for the U Sports women's volleyball championship.
Inna Bohoslovska
Inna Hermanivna Bohoslovska (Ukrainian: І́нна Ге́рманівна Богосло́вська, Russian: И́нна Ге́рмановна Богосло́вская, alternative spellings: Bogoslovska, Bogoslovskaya) is a former Ukrainian politician and member of the Ukrainian parliament from 2007 to 2014. Bohoslovska was a candidate for President of Ukraine in the 2010 and 2019 Ukrainian presidential elections, with marginal results.

2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Early parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 30 September 2007. The election date was determined following agreement between the President Viktor Yushchenko, the Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych and the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian Parliament) Oleksandr Moroz on 27 May 2007, in an attempt to resolve the political crisis in Ukraine triggered by the 2 April 2007 presidential decree on dissolution of Ukraine's parliament.

The 450 seats were divided among all parties that achieved a minimum 3% nationwide vote tally. The number of seats that are allocated to each party, above the 3% participation rate quota, is calculated using the Hamilton method of apportionment.

An alliance of two electoral blocs associated with the Orange Revolution, Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (BYuT) and Our Ukraine-Peoples Self Defence (OU-PSD) obtained a narrow majority of seats, leaving their main rival, the Party of Regions (PoR) in opposition.
2015 Hockey East men's ice hockey tournament
The 2015 Hockey East Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 31st tournament in the history of the conference. It was played between March 6 and March 21, 2015, at campus locations and at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. The Boston University Terriers defeated the UMass Lowell River Hawks by a score of 5–3 to earn their 8th Hockey East championship in school history and earn Hockey East's automatic bid into the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. Jack Eichel was named tournament MVP.

The tournament is the 31st in league history.

2015 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The 2015 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament was the national championship tournament for men's college ice hockey in the United States in 2015. The tournament involved 16 teams in single-elimination play to determine the national champion at the Division I level of the NCAA, the highest level of competition in college hockey. The tournament's Frozen Four – the semifinals and final – were hosted by Hockey East at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts.

Providence defeated Boston University 4–3 to win the program's first NCAA title.

The championship game is remembered for a gaffe goal that allowed Providence to tie the score with less than 10 minutes to play.
Aphidius
Aphidius is a genus of insects of the family Braconidae.

The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution.

Adult Aphidius is a small wasp, usually less than 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) long. Aphidius wasps are endoparasitoids of aphids. The female wasp lays eggs in an aphid. When the eggs hatch, the wasp larvae feed on the inside of the aphid. As the larvae mature, the hosts die and become slightly enlarged or mummified, often becoming tan or yellow. Complete metamorphosis occurs within the host. The adult parasite chews the sugar out of the mummy leaving a hole.

The genus Aphidius includes many species that provide biological pest control of aphids on agricultural crops, greenhouses, urban landscape and home gardens.

Braconidae
The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and another provided a narrower estimate between 42,000 and 43,000 species.