hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saifur Rahman (Bangladeshi politician)
Mohammad Saifur Rahman (Bengali: সাইফুর রহমান; 6 October 1932 – 5 September 2009) was a Bangladeshi chartered accountant, economist and politician. He was a leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and the longest-serving Finance Minister of Bangladesh. He delivered 12 national budgets in three terms between 1980 and 1981, 1991–1996 and 2001–2006 over a ministerial life spanning from December 1976 until October 2006 in three different governments. He was Trade & Commerce Minister for the first three years, and thereafter Finance and Planning Minister for 12 years.

In 1994, he was elected governor of the golden jubilee conference of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund in Madrid, Spain. In 2005, Saifur Rahman was awarded Ekushey Padak, the second highest state honor of Bangladesh.

Minister of Finance (Bangladesh)
The Minister of Finance is the head of the Ministry of Finance of the government of Bangladesh. It is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet and the finance minister must deal with all the other departments and plays an important role in deciding the funding levels for each.

The finance minister is responsible each year for presenting the  government's budget.
Victor Dzau
Victor Joseph Dzau PBM (Chinese: 曹文凱; pinyin: Cáo Wénkǎi; born 23 October 1945) is a Chinese-American physician and academic. He serves as the President of the United States National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) of the United States National Academy of Sciences and Vice Chair of its National Research Council. He is Chancellor Emeritus and James B. Duke Professor of Medicine at Duke University and former president and chief executive officer of Duke University Medical Center.

Brigham and Women's Hospital
Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH or The Brigham) is a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and the largest hospital in the Longwood Medical Area in Boston, Massachusetts. Along with Massachusetts General Hospital, it is one of the two founding members of Mass General Brigham, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts. Giles Boland, MD, serves as the hospital's current president.

Brigham and Women's Hospital conducts the second largest hospital-based research program in the world, with an annual research budget of more than $630 million.
Stanisław Masłowski
Stanisław Masłowski (Polish: [staˈɲiswaf masˈwɔfskʲi]; born Stanisław Stefan Zygmunt Ludgard Masłowski; 3 December 1853 – 31 May 1926) was a Polish painter of realistic style, the author of watercolor landscapes.

Decorative arts
The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose aim is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. This includes most of the objects for the interiors of buildings, as well as interior design, but typically excludes architecture. Ceramic art, metalwork, furniture, jewellery, fashion, various forms of the textile arts and glassware are major groupings.

Applied arts largely overlap with the decorative arts, and in modern parlance they are both often placed under the umbrella category of design. The decorative arts are often categorized in distinction to the "fine arts", namely painting, drawing, photography, and large-scale sculpture, which generally produce objects solely for their aesthetic quality and capacity to stimulate the intellect.
Maria of Castile
Maria of Castile (14 September 1401 – 4 September 1458) was Queen of Aragon and Naples as the spouse of Alfonso V of Aragon. Maria acted twice as the regent of Aragon during the reign of her spouse, as he was absent during most of his reign; those regencies lasted between 1420 and 1423 and between 1432 and 1458. She was also briefly Princess of Asturias in her own right as the heiress presumptive to the throne of Castile. She succeeded her father, Henry III of Castile, as Princess of Asturias in 1402.

Henry, Duke of Villena
Infante Henry of Aragon (1400 – 15 June 1445), Duke of Villena, 3rd Count of Alburquerque, Count of Ampurias, and Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, was the third son of King Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque, and a member of the House of Trastamara. His brothers were King Alfonso V of Aragon and King John II of Navarre (not to be confused with John II of Castile).
National Election Commission (South Korea)
The National Election Commission (NEC; Korean: 중앙선거관리위원회) is an independent constitutional institution in South Korea, established to manage free and fair elections, national referendums and other administrative affairs concerning political parties and funds. The agency was established in accordance with Article 114 of the Constitution of South Korea. The NEC has equal status as highest constitutional institution as National Assembly, the Executive Ministries, the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. This highly independent status of NEC reflects national will to overcome past histories such as election rigging of South Korea in 1960.

During the period of the 2024 South Korean martial law, troops were sent to raid the commission headquarters.

Constitutional institution
A constitutional institution, constitutional body or constitutional organ is a government institution created by a constitution. As these institutions derives its powers, duties and responsibilities directly from the constitution, which is harder to be amended by legislature compared to sub-constitutional laws, their status is rather more stable and independent than institutions created by sub-constitutional laws.
Rhodora Cadiao
Rhodora Javier Cadiao is a Filipina politician. She was born to Josue Lacson Cadiao, a former Governor of Antique, and Lolita Solis Javier, a former Vice Governor. Her maternal grandmother Esperanza Solis-Javier (former mayor of Culasi, Antique) was the first ever female mayor in the province. Cadiao was the Governor of Antique province in the Western Visayas Region from 2015 to 2025. As a reelectionist candidate in the May 13, 2019 election under the National Unity Party, she defeated former governor Exequiel Javier from the Liberal Party. She was re-elected for a third term in 2022. In 2025, she ran for the House of Representatives representing Antique's lone district, but lost to the incumbent, Antonio Legarda Jr.

Governor of Antique
The Governor of Antique (Kinaray-a: Gobernador kang Antique; Filipino: Punong Lalawigan ng Antique) is the chief executive of the provincial government of Antique, Philippines. Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the governor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former governor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice governor becomes the governor.

The current governor is Paolo Javier, who has been assuming the post since 2025.
Minister of the Navy (Italy)
The Italian minister of the navy was a member of the Council Ministers from 1861 until 1947. Under the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1946, the minister oversaw the Regia Marina ("Royal Navy"), and his position was known officially as Ministri della marina del Regno d'Italia ("Minister of the Navy of the Kingdom of Italy"), while under the Italian Republic from 1946 to 1947 he oversaw the Marina Militare (literally "Military Navy," but usually translated as "Italian Navy") and was known officially as Ministro per la Marina Militare (literally "Minister for the Military Navy"), the name change becoming official on 13 July 1946. The position was abolished when the Ministry of the Navy merged with the Ministry of the Air Force and Ministry of War to form the Ministry of Defence in 1947.

The last minister of the navy was Giuseppe Micheli, who served in the government of Alcide De Gasperi.

Council of Ministers (Italy)
The Council of Ministers (Italian: Consiglio dei Ministri, CdM) is the principal executive organ of the Government of Italy. It comprises the President of the Council (the Prime Minister of Italy), all the ministers, and the Undersecretary to the Prime Minister. Deputy ministers (Italian: viceministri) and junior ministers (Italian: sottosegretari) are part of the government, but are not members of the Council of Ministers.
Mukuria railway station
Mukuria railway station is a railway station on the Howrah–New Jalpaiguri line of Katihar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone. It is situated at Mukuria of Katihar district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Katihar railway division
Katihar railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 15 January 1958 and its headquarter is located at Katihar in the state of Bihar.

Alipurduar railway division, Lumding railway division, Tinsukia railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
Penicillium piceum
Penicillium piceum is an anamorph species of fungi in the genus Penicillium which can cause in rare cases chronic granulomatous disease. This species has been isolated from human blood cultures and from pig lung tissue. Penicillium piceum produces β-glucosidase

Penicillium
Penicillium (/ˌpɛnɪˈsɪliəm/) is a genus of  ascomycetous fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production.

Some members of the genus produce penicillin, a molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria. Other species are used in cheesemaking. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the widespread genus contains over 300 species.
Boone Carlyle
Boone Carlyle is a fictional character played by Ian Somerhalder on the ABC drama television series Lost, which chronicles  the lives of the survivors of a plane crash in the south Pacific.  Boone is introduced in the pilot episode as the stepbrother of fellow crash survivor Shannon Rutherford.  He tries to contribute as much as he can to the safety of the castaways and eventually becomes John Locke's protégé.

Unlike many other characters of the first season, who were rewritten based on their actors, Boone was largely the same through production. Somerhalder did not want to shoot a pilot; however, he jumped at the opportunity once he found out he would be working with co-creator/executive producer J. J. Abrams. The character was generally well received by critics and fans; USA Today described Boone as a "callow, privileged young man striving for maturity."

Nikki and Paulo
Nikki Fernandez and Paulo (/ˈpaʊloʊ/ POW-loh) are fictional characters on the ABC drama television series Lost, which chronicles the adventures of over forty people after their plane crashes on a remote island somewhere in the South Pacific. American actress Kiele Sanchez and Brazilian actor Rodrigo Santoro play two survivors of the crash of Oceanic Flight 815.

The couple is introduced early in the third season. The producers of the show were often asked what the rest of the plane-crash survivors were doing because the show only focuses on approximately fifteen of the survivors, and the characters of Nikki and Paulo were created in response. Reaction to the characters was generally negative, with showrunner Damon Lindelof acknowledging the couple were "universally despised" by fans. As a result of this, the couple was killed off later in the same season when they are accidentally buried alive.
User experience
User experience (UX) is how a user interacts with and experiences a product, system, or service. It includes a person's perceptions of  utility, ease of use, and efficiency. Improving user experience is important to most companies, designers, and creators when creating and refining products because negative user experience can diminish the use of the product and, therefore, any desired positive impacts. Conversely, designing toward profitability as a main objective often conflicts with ethical user experience objectives and even causes harm. User experience is subjective. However, the attributes that make up the user experience are objective.

Manipulation (psychology)
In psychology, manipulation is defined as an action designed to influence or control another person, usually in an underhanded or subtle manner which facilitates one's personal aims. Methods someone may use to manipulate another person may include seduction, suggestion, coercion, and blackmail. Manipulation is generally considered a dishonest form of social influence as it is used at the expense of others. Humans are inherently capable of manipulative and deceptive behavior, with the main differences being that of specific personality characteristics or disorders.
Nariman Tuleyev
Nariman Tuleyev (Kyrgyz: Нариман Түлеев, romanized: Nariman Tüleyev) is a Kyrgyz railway developer and politician.

He is the CEO of the Kyrgyz Railway (KTJ) and in 2008 announced that work will commence on the electrification of the line which connects the capital Bishkek with the Kazakhstan railway network.

Tuleyev is former Mayor of Bishkek.

Mayor of Bishkek
The Mayor of the City of Bishkek (Kyrgyz: Бишкек шаарынын мэри, romanised: Bishkek shaarynyn meri) is head of the executive branch of the political system of the Government of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within Bishkek.
Great Ocean Walk
The Great Ocean Walk is a walking trail on Victoria's southwest coast in Australia, traversing several areas of historical and cultural significance. The track makes extensive usage of eco-friendly facilities; with Parks Victoria and tour guide operators attempting to raise environmental awareness. The trail meanders along high cliff tops and sandy beaches.

Echidna
Echidnas (/ɪˈkɪdnəz/), sometimes known as spiny anteaters, are quill-covered monotremes (egg-laying mammals) belonging to the family Tachyglossidae /tækiˈɡlɒsɪdiː/, living in Australia and New Guinea. The four extant species of echidnas and the platypus are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the order Monotremata. The diet of some species consists of ants and termites, but they are not closely related to the American true anteaters or to hedgehogs. Their young are called puggles.

Echidnas evolved between 20 and 50 million years ago and descend from an amphibious, platypus-like monotreme.
Chigwell
Chigwell is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It lies adjacent to the northern boundary of Greater London. It is on the Central line of the London Underground. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 14,599 and the built up area had a population of 12,250.

Chigwell Row
Chigwell Row is a small village falling within the Epping Forest district of Essex. It is located 12.9 miles (20.8 km) north east of Charing Cross. It has a London (020) area code, is served by London Buses route 150, and the closest London Underground station is Grange Hill.
Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar
Thiru. Vi. Ka. Nagar or TVK Nagar or Thiru. V. Kalyaanasundaram Nagar, named after the Tamil scholar Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram, is a developed residential area in North Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India.

Madhavaram, Chennai
Madhavaram is a neighbourhood of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Located in the northern part of Chennai, it is also a taluk in Chennai District and a zone in Greater Chennai Corporation. It is located in between Perambur and Kodungaiyur. As of 2011, the neighbourhood had a population of 119,105. The Chennai district was expanded on 16 August 2018 by transferring Madhavaram taluk from Tiruvallur district to Chennai district.
Bruker
Bruker Corporation is an American manufacturer of scientific instruments for molecular and materials research, as well as for industrial and applied analysis. It is headquartered in Billerica, Massachusetts, and is the publicly traded parent company of Bruker Scientific Instruments (Bruker AXS, Bruker BioSpin, Bruker Daltonics and Bruker Optics) and Bruker Energy & Supercon Technologies (BEST) divisions.

In April 2010, Bruker created a Chemical Analysis Division (headquartered in Fremont, CA) under the Bruker Daltonics subsidiary. This division contains three former Varian product lines: ICPMS systems, laboratory gas chromatography (GC), and GC-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (originally designed by Bear Instruments and acquired by Varian in 2001).

In 2012, it sponsored the Fritz Feigl Prize, and since 1999 the company has also sponsored the Günther Laukien Prize.

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas. An FTIR spectrometer collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.

The term Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy originates from the fact that a Fourier transform (a mathematical process) is required to convert the raw data into the actual spectrum.
Akiyama Yoshifuru
Akiyama Yoshifuru (秋山 好古; February 9, 1859 – November 4, 1930) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and was considered the father of modern Japanese cavalry. He was the older brother of Vice Admiral Akiyama Saneyuki.

1st Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 1st Division (第1師団, Dai-ichi shidan) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its tsūshōgō was the Jade Division (玉兵団, Tama-heidan). The 1st Division was formed in Tokyo in January 1871 as the Tokyo Garrison (東京鎮台, Tōkyō chindai), one of six regional commands created in the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army. The Tokyo Garrison had responsibility for the eastern region of Honshū (Kantō region), centered on the Tokyo metropolitan area. The six regional commands were transformed into divisions under the army reorganization of 14 May 1888, based on recommendations by the Prussian military advisor Jakob Meckel to the Japanese government.
Central La Grange Historic District
The Central La Grange Historic District in La Grange, Kentucky is a 70 acres (28 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It runs primarily along Washington, Main, and Jefferson Sts., Kentucky Ave., and First through Sixth Aves.

It includes the Oldham County Courthouse.  It includes the D.W. Griffith House and the McMahan House which are separately listed on the National Register.

La Grange, Kentucky
La Grange is a home rule-class city in Oldham County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 10,067 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is the seat of its county. A unique feature of the city is the CSX Transportation street-running mainline track on Main Street that sees multiple trains in both directions.
Yarriabini National Park
Yarriabini National Park is a protected area of 2092 hectares, situated in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales. The nearest large town is Macksville. The high rainfall and relatively fertile soils produce outstanding eucalyptus forest and rainforest. Large rose gum and hoop pine grow in sheltered areas. "Yarriabini" is said to mean "koala rolling".

The elevation of the terrain is 354 meters.

Macksville, New South Wales
Macksville is a small town on the Nambucca River in the Nambucca Valley, New South Wales, Australia. It is halfway between Sydney and Brisbane, along the Pacific Highway, approximately 40 minutes north of Kempsey, 40 minutes south of Coffs Harbour, 70 minutes north of Port Macquarie, five hours south of Brisbane and five hours north of Sydney.
2003 Paraguayan Primera División season
The 2003 Paraguayan Primera División season was held from 14 February to 26 October, with the participation of ten clubs. The tournament was divided into three stages: the Torneo Apertura, won by Libertad; the Torneo Clausura, also won by Libertad after defeating Olimpia in a penalty shootout tiebreaker. By winning both stages, Libertad was automatically crowned Overall Champion of the 2003 season, securing the tenth league title in its history.

Club Libertad
Club Libertad is a Paraguayan professional football club based in Asunción that currently plays in the Paraguayan Primera División. The club plays its home games at Estadio Tigo La Huerta; which holds 15,000 people.

Founded in 1905, Libertad is the third most successful Paraguayan football club, winning 26 national titles, only behind rivals Olimpia and Cerro Porteño.
Asemeia marquesiana
Asemeia marquesiana, commonly known as Marques' asemeia, is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Polygalaceae.

It was first described in 2008 by American botanist, John Richard Abbott and Brazilian botanist, José Floriano Barêa Pastore. This evergreen shrub species is native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and grows in moist habitats, such as riverbanks and wetlands.

Polygalaceae
The Polygalaceae or the milkwort family are made up of flowering plants in the order Fabales. They have a near-cosmopolitan range, with about 27 genera and ca. 900 known species of herbs, shrubs and trees. Over half of the species are in one genus, Polygala, the milkworts.

The family was first described in 1809 by Johann Hoffmansegg and Johann Link. In 1896, Robert Chodat split it into three tribes. A fourth tribe was split off from the tribe Polygaleae in 1992.  Under the Cronquist classification system, Polygalaceae were treated in a separate order of their own, Polygalales. Currently, according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, the family belongs in Fabales.
Sachsenring
The Sachsenring (German pronunciation: [ˈzaksn̩ʁɪŋ] ⓘ) is a motorsport racing circuit located in Hohenstein-Ernstthal near Chemnitz in Saxony, Germany. Among other events, it features the annual German motorcycle Grand Prix of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing world championship.

Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, commonly abbreviated as the DTM, is a sports car racing series sanctioned by ADAC. The series is based in Germany, with rounds elsewhere in Europe. The series currently races a modified version of Group GT3 grand touring cars, replacing Class 1 Touring Cars in 2021.

From 2000 to 2020, the "new DTM" continued the former Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (German Touring Car Championship) and ITC (International Touring Car Championship) which had been discontinued after 1996 due to high costs. The series raced prototype silhouette racing cars based on a mass-production road car in the same period.

The second iteration went by the full name during its first five years. Since 2005, all official documents have only referred to the series using the abbreviated name.
Paul Ainsworth
Paul Ainsworth (born 1979) is a British chef from Southampton, England. He is chef-patron at Paul Ainsworth at Number 6 in Padstow, Cornwall which was awarded a Michelin star in 2013 and has four AA Rosettes. After studying at catering college, Ainsworth worked for Gary Rhodes, Gordon Ramsay and Marcus Wareing.

Marcus Wareing
Marcus Wareing (born 29 June 1970) is an English celebrity chef who was chef-owner of the one-Michelin-starred restaurant Marcus until its permanent closure in December 2023. Since 2014, Wareing has been a judge on MasterChef: The Professionals.