hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prediction
A prediction (from Latin  prae- 'before' and  dictum 'something said') or  forecast is a statement about a future event or about future data. Predictions are often, but not always, based upon experience or knowledge of forecasters. There is no universal agreement about the exact difference between "prediction" and "estimation"; different authors and disciplines ascribe different connotations.

Future events are necessarily uncertain, so guaranteed accurate information about the future is impossible. Prediction can be useful to assist in making plans about possible developments.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Astrophysics Data System
The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) is a digital library portal for researchers on astronomy and physics, operated for NASA by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. ADS maintains three bibliographic collections containing over 15 million records, including all arXiv e-prints. Abstracts and full-text of major astronomy and physics publications are indexed and searchable through the portal.

Image resolution
Image resolution is the level of detail of an image. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. "Higher resolution" means more image detail.
Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved. Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes (e.g. lines per mm, lines per inch), to the overall size of a picture (lines per picture height, also known simply as lines, TV lines, or TVL), or to angular subtense. Instead of single lines, line pairs are often used, composed of a dark line and an adjacent light line; for example, a resolution of 10 lines per millimeter means 5 dark lines alternating with 5 light lines, or 5 line pairs per millimeter (5 LP/mm). Photographic lens are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter.
Armed Boat Company
The Armed Boat Company was a seagoing Loyalist military unit, with a strong black presence, operating as an amphibious raiding force out of New York City during the Whaleboat War. It was raised in 1781 and disbanded after the British evacuation of New York in November 1783.

Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution
British colonists who supported the British cause in the American War of Independence were Loyalists, often called Tories, or, occasionally, Royalists or King's Men. Whilst George Washington's men called themselves "Patriots", and in this article Americans on the side of the insurgency are called Patriots.  For a detailed analysis of the psychology and social origins of the Loyalists, see Loyalist (American Revolution).

This article is an overview of some of the prominent Loyalist military units of the Revolution, and of the fighting they did for the British Crown.
Teyl luculentus
Teyl luculentus, also known as the citrine spider, is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Anamidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1975 by Australian arachnologist Barbara York Main, and is the type species of the genus.

Anamidae
Anamidae is a family of Australian mygalomorph spiders. It was first described as a tribe by Simon in 1889, then raised to the subfamily Anaminae of the family Nemesiidae, before being raised to a family level by Opatova et al. in 2020.
Slender West Lake
Slender West Lake, also known by its Chinese name Shouxihu and by other names, is a scenic lake in Hanjiang District in central Yangzhou, China. The lake developed from the city moats of Tang-era Yangzhou. During the Qing dynasty, its banks were the site of numerous estates for the area's wealthy officials and salt merchants. The lake and some of its attractions have been restored as a national park and AAAAA tourist attraction, requiring a ticket for admission and open only from 7 am to 6 pm.

AAAAA Tourist Attractions of China
AAAAA (Chinese: 国家5A级旅游景区; pinyin: Guójiā Wǔ "A" jí Lǚyóu Jǐngqū) is awarded to the most important and best-maintained tourist attractions in the People's Republic of China, given the highest level in the rating categories used by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. As of 2025, there are 359 tourist attractions listed as 5A.
2021 CECAFA U-23 Challenge Cup
The 2021 CECAFA U-23 Challenge Cup was 41st edition of the annual CECAFA Cup, an international football competition consisting of the national U-23 teams of member nations of the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA).

This year's tournament was reserved for U23 players but teams were allowed to field up to three players over 23.

It took place in Ethiopia from 17 July to 30 July 2021.

Uganda were the defending having won title in 2019. The Democratic Republic of the Congo participated as an invited team.

2019 CECAFA Cup
The 2019 CECAFA Cup was the 40th edition of the annual CECAFA Cup, an international football competition consisting of the national teams of member nations of the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA). It took place in Uganda in December 2019.
Stegomyrmex
Stegomyrmex is a Neotropical genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Strictly Neotropical in its distribution, the genus is known from Costa Rica to northern Argentina. It was once considered rare, but more recent sampling has revealed that the genus is relatively common in the leaf litter.

Myrmicinae
Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees. All species of Cephalotes (within the tribe Attini) are gliding ants.
Headstamp
A headstamp is the markings on the bottom of a cartridge case designed for a firearm. It usually tells who manufactured the case. If it is a civilian case it often also tells the caliber: if it is military, the year of manufacture is often added.

The headstamp is punched into the base of the cartridge during manufacture.  A resource for identifying where the ammunition originated can be found at Cartridge Collectors.

S.A. (corporation)
The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of public limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and operate a derivative of the 1804, Napoleonic, civil law. Originally, shareholders could be anonymous and collect dividends by surrendering coupons attached to their share certificates. Dividends were paid to whoever held the certificate. Since share certificates could be transferred privately, corporate management would not necessarily know who owned its shares – nor did anyone but the holders.

As with bearer bonds, anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering, tax evasion, and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit the practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company to obscure the beneficiary.
Zhonglou, Changzhou
Zhonglou District (simplified Chinese: 钟楼区; traditional Chinese: 鐘樓區; pinyin: Zhōnglóu Qū; lit. 'Clock tower') is one of five districts under the jurisdiction of Changzhou in Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. The local language is the Changzhou dialect of Wu Chinese. The postal code for the district is 213002. Zhonglou covers an area of 71 square kilometers. In 2020 the total population was recorded at 658,537 people.

It is also the location of the Nan Da Jie shopping mall (Chinese: 南大街; pinyin: Nán Dà Jiē; lit. 'South Avenue'), one of the unofficial centers of the city. Nan Da Jie is home to many restaurants and chain stores as well as a number of educational companies and apartment complexes.

The district takes its name from a large belfry that once stood in the area.

Changzhou
Changzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China. It was previously known as Yanling, Lanling, and Jinling. Located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Changzhou borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Zhenjiang to the northwest, Wuxi to the east, and the province of Zhejiang to the south. The population of the Changzhou Municipality was 5,278,121 at the 2020 census. The city is the birthplace of Zhou Youguang who created the pinyin romanization system.
Hellenistic philosophy
Hellenistic philosophy is Ancient Greek philosophy corresponding to the Hellenistic period in Ancient Greece, from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE to the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE. The dominant schools of this period were the Stoics, the Epicureans and the Skeptics.

Acatalepsy
Acatalepsy (from the Greek α̉- 'privative' and καταλαμβάνειν 'to seize'), in philosophy, is incomprehensibleness, or the impossibility of comprehending or conceiving some or all things. The doctrine held by the ancient Skeptic philosophers, that human knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to probability.

The Pyrrhonians attempted to show, while Academic skeptics of the Platonic Academy asserted an absolute acatalepsia; all human science or knowledge, according to them, went no further than to appearances and verisimilitude. It is the antithesis of the Stoic doctrine of katalepsis or Apprehension. According to the Stoics, katalepsis was true perception, but to the Skeptics, all perceptions were acataleptic, i.e. bear no conformity to the objects perceived, or, if they did bear any conformity, it could never be known.
Matelli railway station
Matelli Railway Station serves the town of Matialihat in Doars region of Jalpaiguri district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The station lies under Northeast Frontier Railway's, Alipurduar railway division. 
This railway station lies on Chalsa - Matelli railway line which is currently undergoing Gauge conversion from meter/narrow gauge to broad gauge and Matelli - Naxal line is currently under construction. The currently functioning nearest railway station is Chalsa railway station 8 kilometres away.

Alipurduar railway division
Alipurduar railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 15 January 1958 and its headquarter is located at Alipurduar in the state of West Bengal.

Katihar railway division, Lumding railway division, Tinsukia railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
Yarraville FC
Yarraville Football Club was an Australian association football (soocer) club based in the Melbourne suburb of Williamstown. Founded on 5 March 1909 as Williamstown FC before changing its name to Yarraville FC in 1913, the short lived club flourished in what was then the newly established first tier state league of Victoria. Finishing mid table in 1909 and 1910, the club would be the first in the league's history to be champions three consecutive seasons (1911–1913). The club would also win the Dockerty Cup in 1912 and 1913. Due to World War I, the 1916–1918 seasons were cancelled, being possible that the club folded within the three years no competition, not necessarily in 1915, and didn't re-establish in 1919. This club has no connection to any of the Williamstown and Yarraville soccer clubs that followed.

Williamstown, Victoria
Williamstown is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km (6.8 mi) south-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Hobsons Bay local government area. Williamstown recorded a population of 14,407 at the 2021 census.
Bay City Central High School
Bay City Central High School (BCC) is a high school located at 1624 Columbus Avenue, Bay City, Michigan, United States, and a part of Bay City Public Schools.  Its mascot is the wolf, and its colors are purple and gold.

Bay City Public Schools
Bay City Public Schools is a public school district in Bay County, Michigan. It serves Bay City, Auburn, Monitor Township, Williams Township, and parts of Beaver Township, Frankenlust Township, Hampton Township, Merritt Township, and Portsmouth Township. It also serves a small portion of Saginaw County, including parts of the townships of Buena Vista, Kochville, and Zilwaukee.
Epixiphium
Epixiphium wislizeni, commonly known as baloonbush, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. It is the sole species in genus Epixiphium. It is a scrambling or climbing perennial subshrub native to Chihuahua state in northern Mexico and the south western United States (Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas) where it grows in sand dunes. It has tubular flowers in shades of blue to violet and white and more-or-less triangular untoothed leaves.

The species was first described in 1859 as Maurandya wislizeni. In 1926 Philip A. Munz placed it in a separate genus as Epixiphium wislizeni. The species epithet wislizeni commemorates Friedrich Adolph Wislizenus. It is regularly misspelt "wislizenii".

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
2015 Kobe Challenger
The 2015 Kobe Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 1st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kobe, Japan between 9 and 15 November 2015.

Kobe Challenger
The Hyōgo Noah Challenger is a tennis tournament held near Kobe, Japan in Miki at the Beans Dome in Miki Disaster Management Park, since 2015. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on indoor hardcourts. Yosuke Watanuki is the singles title leader having won the event three times.
Čurile
Čurile (pronounced [tʃuˈɾiːlɛ]) is a settlement immediately northeast of the town of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Metlika
Metlika  (pronounced [mɛˈtlìːka] ⓘ; German: Möttling) is a town in southeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Metlika. It lies on the left bank of the Kolpa River on the border with Croatia. It is in the heart of the area of White Carniola, the southeastern part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Osip Bodyansky
Osip Maksimovich Bodyansky (Russian: Осип Максимович Бодянский; Ukrainian: Осип Максимович Бодянський, romanized: Osyp Maksymovych Bodianskyi; 31 October 1808 – 6 September 1877) was a Russian Slavist of Ukrainian Cossack descent who studied and taught at the Imperial Moscow University. Bodyansky's close friends included Nikolai Gogol, Sergey Aksakov, Mikhail Katkov, Taras Shevchenko, Mikhail Maksimovich and Pavel Jozef Šafárik. He was elected a corresponding member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences (Saint Petersburg) in 1854.

Pavel Jozef Šafárik
Pavel Jozef Šafárik (Slovak: Pavol Jozef Šafárik; 13 May 1795 – 26 June 1861) was a Slovak philologist, poet, literary historian, historian and ethnographer. He was one of the first scientific Slavists.
2011 European Shield
The competition reverted to a three-team format in 2011, with most of the nations from the 2010 competition taking part in qualifying for the 2013 Rugby League World Cup. Two new teams, Malta and Norway were promoted to the competition having contested the European Bowl in 2010. Germany claimed their first Shield triumph by virtue of points difference after all teams recorded one win.

Rugby League European Championship C
The Rugby League European Championship C (formerly the European Bowl) is an international European rugby league football tournament organised by the European Rugby League for third tier rugby league nations.
Omroep MAX
Omroep MAX is a broadcaster in the Netherlands, aimed at viewers over the age of 50. MAX is broadcast on NPO 1, NPO 2, NPO 3 and NPO Zapp.

On December 15, 2023, Omroep MAX refreshed their logo after almost twenty years.

NPO 1
NPO 1 (known as Nederland 1 [ˌneːdərlɑnt ˈeːn] until 2014) is the first national television station in the Netherlands. It launched on 2 October 1951. It provides public broadcasting and currently exists next to sister channels NPO 2 and NPO 3. Several broadcasting organisations of the Publieke Omroep deliver a wide variety of programs for the channel, usually for larger audiences. In 2018, it was the most viewed channel in the Netherlands, reaching a market share of 22.0%. The channel is also available via cable TV in the Dutch Caribbean, either live or time-shifted.
Detailed balance
In thermodynamics, the principle of detailed balance says that every process of energy transfer in one direction must also allow energy transfer in the opposite direction, and in equilibrium, the flux in both directions must be equal. For example, the principle can be used in kinetic systems which are decomposed into elementary processes (collisions, or steps, or elementary reactions). It states that at equilibrium, each elementary process is in equilibrium with its reverse process.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Boppard
Boppard (German pronunciation: [ˈbɔpaʁt] ⓘ), formerly also spelled Boppart, is a town and municipality (since the 1976 inclusion of 9 neighbouring villages, Ortsbezirken) in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, lying in the Rhine Gorge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The town is also a state-recognized tourism resort (Fremdenverkehrsort) and is a winegrowing centre.

Free imperial city
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (German: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (Freie Reichsstadt, Latin: urbs imperialis libera), was used from the 15th century to denote a self-ruling city that had a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

An imperial city held the status of imperial immediacy, and was subordinate only to the Holy Roman Emperor, as opposed to a territorial city or town (Landstadt), which was subordinate to a territorial prince – be it an ecclesiastical lord (prince-bishop, prince-abbot), or a secular prince (duke (Herzog), margrave, count (Graf), etc.).
Environmental risk transition
Environmental risk transition is the process by which traditional communities with associated environmental health issues become more economically developed and experience new health issues. In traditional or economically undeveloped regions, humans often suffer and die from infectious diseases or of malnutrition due to poor food, water, and air quality. As economic development occurs, these environmental issues are reduced or solved, and others begin to arise. There is a shift in the character of these environmental changes, and as a result, a shift in causes of death and disease.

Environmental health
Environmental health is the branch of public health concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health. Its study determines the requirements for a healthy environment, with the goal of effective control over the factors that affect health. The major sub-disciplines of environmental health are environmental science, toxicology, environmental epidemiology, and environmental and occupational medicine.
PolExit (political party)
PolExit (also stylized PolEXIT) is a Polish far-right political party founded by members of Congress of the New Right (KNP), which continued to exist and work together with PolExit. Its creation was announced in January 2019 in European Parliament by then-chairman of KNP, MEP Stanisław Żółtek. It was applied for registration in December 2018 and formally registered on 14 March 2019. Stanisław Żółtek became its chairman, while its board included other KNP members such as Janusz Żurek, Tomasz Krzciuk and Antoni Sajdak. One of the co-leaders of the party was another KNP MEP, Michał Marusik.

There is One Poland
There is One Poland (Polish: Polska Jest Jedna, PJJ) is a political party in Poland registered on 9 February 2023. It is based on an anti-COVID-19 restriction movement started in 2021 by the mayor of Siemianowice Śląskie, Rafał Piech. The party calls itself "the true right" and promotes climate change denial, the New World Order conspiracy theory, and opposes COVID-19 vaccines, calling the COVID-19 pandemic a "medical experiment".

Main proposals of the party include protecting traditional money and currency as one of the provisions of the Constitution of Poland, withdrawal from the European Union if it is not "prepared to cooperate for mutual benefit", making social security and vaccinations optional only, and construction of new coal mines and a gradual increase in coal mining. It was one of the seven nationwide committees for the 2023 Polish parliamentary election.
Capsule (geometry)
A capsule (from Latin  capsula 'small box or chest'), or stadium of revolution, is a basic three-dimensional geometric shape consisting of a cylinder with hemispherical ends. Another name for this shape is spherocylinder.

It can also be referred to as an oval although the sides (either vertical or horizontal) are straight parallel.

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.