hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1938 Indianapolis 500
The 26th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Monday, May 30, 1938. For 1938, riding mechanics were made optional; however, no teams utilized them in the race. In addition, after seven years, the engine specifications were changed again. The 1930 "Junk" formula was eliminated. Normally aspirated engines were allowed 4.5 liters (down from 6.0 L), and superchargers would be permitted again, with a maximum displacement of 3.0 liters. Any fuel was allowed, which directly affected the race.

1930 Indianapolis 500
The 18th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Friday, May 30, 1930. The race was part of the 1930 AAA Championship Car season.

Pole position winner Billy Arnold took the lead on lap 3, and led the entire rest of the race. He led a total of 198 laps (all consecutive), which stands as an all-time Indianapolis 500 race record. Arnold was accompanied by riding mechanic Spider Matlock.

Arnold was the first driver to complete the entire 500 miles in under five hours (over 100 mph average speed) without relief help. Pete DePaolo finished the 1925 race in under five hours, but used a relief driver for 21 laps. Arnold would eventually be named the first member of the prestigious 100 mph Club.

The race was marred by the death of Paul Marshall. He was acting as riding mechanic for his brother Cy when their car hit and flipped over the wall. His brother survived with serious injuries.
Dead hedge
A dead hedge is a barrier constructed from cut branches, saplings, and foliage. The material can be gathered from activities such as pruning or clearing, and in traditional forms of woodland management, such as coppicing. Its ecological succession can be a beetle bank or hedge.

Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitats and prevent species extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.
Twelfth government of Israel
The twelfth government of Israel was formed by Levi Eshkol on 22 December 1964, towards the end of the fifth Knesset.

Eshkol kept the same coalition partners as previously, i.e. Mapai, the National Religious Party, Ahdut HaAvoda, Poalei Agudat Yisrael, Cooperation and Brotherhood and Progress and Development. The only change to the cabinet was Akiva Govrin becoming the country's first Minister of Tourism, having been a Minister without Portfolio in the previous government.

Yosef Almogi and Shimon Peres resigned from the cabinet in May 1965 due to their opposition of the alliance between Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda. Both joined Ben-Gurion's new party, Rafi in July.

The government served until 12 January 1966, when the thirteenth government took power following the November 1965 elections.

Ministry of Tourism (Israel)
The Ministry of Tourism (Hebrew: מִשְׂרַד הַתַּיָּרוּת, romanized: Misrad HaTayarut) is the Israeli government office responsible for tourism. The office was created in 1964, with Akiva Govrin being the first minister, but was appended to the Trade and Industry Ministry between 1977 and 1981. The logo for the Ministry depicts the Biblical Spies carrying fruit back from touring the Holy Land.
Battle of Entzheim
The Battle of Entzheim  took place on 4 October 1674, during the 1672 to 1678 Franco-Dutch War. It was fought near the town of Entzheim, south of Strasbourg in Alsace, between a French army under Turenne, and an Imperial force commanded by Alexander von Bournonville.

In this campaign, Turenne compensated for being outnumbered by his aggression and vastly superior logistics, which allowed him to move fast and keep his opponents off balance. Despite a strong defensive position and vastly superior numbers, Bournonville decided to retreat after a series of French assaults.

Although Turenne incurred losses that were significantly higher as a percentage of his army, he prevented Bournonville invading Eastern France and the battle is generally regarded as inconclusive. However, the French established a psychological advantage, setting the scene for Turenne's Winter Campaign, often viewed as his greatest military achievement.

Turenne's winter campaign
Turenne's winter campaign took place during the Franco-Dutch War of 1672-78. During December 1674 and January 1675, Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, led French forces on a flank march that resulted in the defeat of an army fielded principally by the Holy Roman Empire and in that army's expulsion from Alsace.
Coxs River track
The Coxs River track is a heritage-listed former walking track and road and now walking track at Cox's River Arms, Lake Burragorang/Warragamba Dam, City of Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia. The track is also known as the Warragamba Dam - Burragorang Valley - Wentworth Falls Track. The property is owned by the Sydney Catchment Authority, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 November 1999.

Lake Burragorang
Lake Burragorang is a man-made reservoir in the lower Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia, serving as a major water supply for greater metropolitan Sydney. The dam impounding the lake, the Warragamba Dam, is located approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of the Sydney central business district.

Lake Burragorang is  within the World Heritage Site of the Greater Blue Mountains Area. The 2,031-gigalitre (4.47×1011 imp gal; 5.37×1011 US gal) reservoir collects water from the converged flows of the Coxs, Kowmung, Nattai, Wingecarribee, Wollondilly, and Warragamba rivers and their associated tributaries, all within the Nepean and Hawkesbury River catchment.
Charles Green Shaw
Charles Green Shaw (May 1, 1892 – April 2, 1974) was an American painter, poet, writer, and illustrator. He was a key figure in early American abstract art. Shaw's paintings are part of most major collections of American Art, including the Art Institute of Chicago, Corcoran Gallery, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Musee d'Art Moderne de Paris, Museum of Fine Arts Boston, the Museum of Modern Art, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Whitney Museum.

Before turning to art in 1932, Shaw was a prominent writer for The New Yorker and Vanity Fair. He was also a poet, with more than 1,200 published poems.

Michael Strange
Blanche Marie Louise Oelrichs (October 1, 1890 – November 5, 1950) was an American poet, playwright, and theatre actress.  Oelrichs first used the masculine pen name Michael Strange to publish her poetry in order to distance her society reputation from its sometimes erotic content, but it soon became the name under which she presented herself for the remainder of her life.
Daxingzhuang
Daxingzhuang Town (simplified Chinese: 大兴庄镇; traditional Chinese: 大興莊鎮; pinyin: Dàxīngzhuāng Zhèn) is a town located within Pinggu District, Beijing, China. Situated at the alluvial plain of Ru River, it shares border with Wangxinzhuang Town to the northeast, Pinggu Town to the southeast, Machangying Town to the southwest, and Yukou Town to the northwest. Its population was determined to be 23,739 in the 2020 census.

The name Daxingzhuang was from Daxingzhuang Village, the place where the town's government is seated.

Pinggu, Beijing
Pinggu District (Chinese: 平谷区; pinyin: Pínggǔ Qū), formerly Pinggu County (平谷县), lies in the far east of Beijing Municipality. It has an area of 950 km2 (370 sq mi) and a population of 457,313 (2020 Census). The district is subdivided into 2 subdistricts, 14 towns, and 2 townships. It borders the Beijing districts of Miyun and Shunyi to the north and west, respectively, Tianjin's Jizhou District to the southeast, and in Hebei province, Xinglong County and Sanhe to the northeast and south, respectively.
Michael Brackenbury
Michael Palmer Brackenbury (6 July 1930 – 4 February 2022) was an English Anglican priest who served as Archdeacon of Lincoln from 1988 to 1995.

Brackenbury was born on 6 July 1930. He was educated at Norwich School and  Lincoln Theological College. He was a curate in South Ormsby from   1966 to 1969. After this he was Rector  of Sudbrooke from  1969 to 1977; then Diocesan Director  of ordinands from  1977 to 1987. From 1979 until 1995 he was a Canon and Prebendary of Lincoln Cathedral.

Brackenbury died on 4 February 2022, at the age of 91.

Archdeacon of Lincoln
The Archdeacon of Lincoln is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Diocese of Lincoln – they have responsibilities within their archdeaconry (the ancient Archdeaconry of Lincoln) including oversight of church buildings and some supervision, discipline and pastoral care of the clergy.
Saltburn, Marske and New Marske
Saltburn, Marske and New Marske is a civil parish in the Redcar and Cleveland district, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. As its name suggests, the parish includes Saltburn, Marske-by-the-Sea and New Marske. It borders the parishes of Skelton and Brotton, Guisborough and the unparished area of Redcar.

In parliamentary terms, the parish is split between the constituencies of Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland, and Redcar.

New Marske
New Marske is a village in North Yorkshire, England, a mile south-west of Marske-by-the-Sea on a hillside. It was originally a group of miners' terraced houses.

Longbeck railway station links it to Saltburn, Middlesbrough and Darlington. New Marske is near an area of woodland called Errington Woods, in which are the remains of disused mine workings.

The original mining settlement is commemorated with a series of plaques placed at various locations, depicting events and scenes of life in the 19th century.

New Marske is the birthplace of Johanna Jackson, the first British woman to win a major race walk title at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.
The General Assembly (directors)
The General Assembly were a music video and commercial directing duo based in Los Angeles, CA. They directed music videos for such artists as A.C. Newman, Grum, The Wombats, Totally Enormous Extinct Dinosaurs, Jason Lytle, Fruit Bats (band) and Radar Bros. They also directed commercials for Jameson Irish Whiskey, O2 (UK), George Dickel, BT Group, Jeremiah Weed, Blinkbox, Diageo and BBC Radio 1.

In June 2010, their video for Jason Lytle's "I Am Lost (And The Moment Cannot Last)" was featured in the Los Angeles Film Festival. In June 2011, TGA was included in the prestigious Saatchi & Saatchi New Directors Showcase at the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. Also in 2011, they won the Audience Award at the Los Angeles Film Festival for their music video of Grum's "Can't Shake This Feeling."

TGA fully disbanded as of 2014 with Adam Littke and Adam Willis now directing independently.

LA Film Festival
The LA Film Festival was an annual film festival that was held in Los Angeles, California, and usually took place in June. It showcased independent, international, feature, documentary and short films, as well as web series, music videos, episodic television and panel conversations.

The LA Film Festival was a qualifying festival in all categories for the Independent Spirit Awards, and also a qualifying festival for the short films categories of the Academy Awards.
Serruria candicans
Serruria candicans, the shiny spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, where it occurs from Elandskloof to the Slanghoek Mountains and Paardeberg at Malmesbury. The shrub is erect and grows only 80 cm tall and bears flowers from July to December.

Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. Two months after flowering, the fruit falls off and ants disperse the seeds. They store the seeds in their nests. The plant is unisexual. Pollination takes place through the action of insects. The plant grows in mountain fynbos and renosterveld at elevations of 60–700 m.

Renosterveld
Renosterveld is a term used for one of the major plant communities and vegetation types of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Floral Kingdom) which is located in southwestern and southeastern South Africa, in southernmost Africa. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Jarosław Gowin
Jarosław Adam Gowin (born 4 December 1961) is a Polish conservative politician and editor. Gowin served as Minister of Justice in the cabinet of Prime Minister Donald Tusk between 2011 and 2013, and as Minister of Science and Higher Education in the cabinet of Mateusz Morawiecki between 2015 and 2020, Minister of Economic Development, Labour and Technology and Deputy Prime Minister from October 2020 until his dismissal in August 2021.

Ministry of Health (Poland)
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Ministerstwo Zdrowia Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is one of the ministries of the Republic of Poland. It is responsible for overseeing the organization of the healthcare system, supervision of medical services, health promotion, and disease prevention. The Ministry develops legal regulations, coordinates healthcare financing, and supervises the National Health Fund (NFZ). It is also in charge of reimbursement of medicines, medical devices, and foodstuffs for special medical purposes; oversight of medical professions; development and implementation of public health programs; organization and supervision of the State Medical Emergency System; and activities related to health resort treatment.
Guildford West
Guildford West is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 26 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Cumberland City Council and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region. Guildford West shares the postcode of 2161 with the separate suburbs of Guildford and Old Guildford.

Cumberland City Council
Cumberland Council, trading as Cumberland City Council, is a local government area located in the western suburbs of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Council was formed on 12 May 2016 from the merger of parts of the Cities of Auburn, Parramatta (Woodville Ward), and Holroyd.

The Council comprises an area of 72 square kilometres (28 sq mi) and as of the 2021 census had a population of 235,439.

The first Special Meeting of Cumberland Council was held on 19 May 2016 at the Granville Town Hall, and the council currently meets at the Merrylands Administration Centre.

The current mayor is Ola Hamed  of the Australian Labor Party, elected on 16 October 2024.
Ma Sheng-kuei
Ma Sheng-kuei (Chinese: 馬生貴; pinyin: Ma Shenggui, Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ ﺷْﻊ ﻗُﻮ) was a Chinese Muslim general of the 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army), who served under Generals Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan. His grew up in Gansu and Shaanxi in "bad company". Ma practiced banditry was noted for torturing his victims in Ningxia. He joined Ma Zhongying in 1933, and was appointed commander of the Tungan 2nd brigade at Khotan. His troops seized the Fayzabad-Maral-Bashi area. Facing the Soviet Red Army and Sheng Shicai's provincial troops, he defected while at Fazayabad and joined the forces of Sheng Shicai, turning against Ma Hushan's forces at Kashgar. Later Ma was stationed in Khotan and it is thought that he went back to Gansu. According to British diplomatic files he possibly received bribes from Sheng to join Sheng's forces.

Hotan
Hotan is a major oasis town in southwestern Xinjiang, an autonomous region in Northwestern China. The city proper of Hotan broke off from the larger Hotan County to become an administrative area in its own right in August 1984. It is the seat of Hotan Prefecture.

With a population of 408,900 (2018 census), Hotan is situated in the Tarim Basin some 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) southwest of the regional capital, Ürümqi. It lies just north of the Kunlun Mountains, which are crossed by the Sanju, Hindutash and Ilchi passes. The town, located southeast of Yarkant County and populated almost exclusively by Uyghurs, is a minor agricultural center. An important station on the southern branch of the historic Silk Road, Hotan has always depended on two strong rivers, the Karakash River and the White Jade River, to provide the water needed to survive on the southwestern edge of the vast Taklamakan Desert. The White Jade River still provides water and irrigation for the town and oasis.
Holocene climatic optimum
The Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) was a warm period in the first half of the Holocene epoch, that occurred in the interval roughly 9,500 to 5,500 years BP, with a thermal maximum around 8000 years BP. It has also been known by many other names, such as Altithermal, Climatic Optimum, Holocene Megathermal, Holocene Optimum, Holocene Thermal Maximum, Holocene global thermal maximum, Hypsithermal, and Mid-Holocene Warm Period.

The warm period was followed by a gradual decline, of about 0.1 to 0.3 °C per millennium, until about two centuries ago. However, on a sub-millennial scale, there were regional warm periods superimposed on this decline.

For other temperature fluctuations, see temperature record.

For other past climate fluctuation, see paleoclimatology.

For the pollen zone and Blytt–Sernander period, associated with the climate optimum, see Atlantic (period).

Blytt–Sernander system
The Blytt–Sernander classification, or sequence, is a series of North European climatic periods or phases based on the study of Danish peat bogs by Axel Blytt (1876) and Rutger Sernander (1908). The classification was incorporated into a sequence of pollen zones later defined by Lennart von Post, one of the founders of palynology.
Murder of Emily Sander
Emily Irene Sander (February 26, 1989 – November 24, 2007) was an 18-year-old student at Butler Community College in El Dorado, Kansas, United States, who was reported missing on November 23, 2007 and found dead six days later. Her disappearance was widely covered in the mainstream news media. Israel Mireles was named as a suspect; he was arrested in Mexico  and in February 2010 found guilty of her murder.

El Dorado, Kansas
El Dorado (/ˌɛldəˈreɪdoʊ/ EL-də-RAY-doh) is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Kansas, United States.  It is situated along the Walnut River in the central part of Butler County and located in south-central Kansas.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 12,870.  It is home to Butler Community College.
WMLL
WMLL (96.5 FM; "96.5 Live Free Country") is an American radio station licensed to Bedford, New Hampshire, and serving the New Hampshire portion of the Merrimack Valley with a country music format. The station's studios are located on Commercial Street in Manchester. WMLL is owned by Saga Communications, and operates as part of its Manchester Radio Group.

Bedford, New Hampshire
Bedford is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 23,322, reflecting a growth of 10% from 2010. Bedford is a suburb of Manchester, New Hampshire's largest city.
Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe, suffered the greatest number of fatalities due to famine. Deaths caused by famine declined sharply beginning in the 1970s, with numbers falling further since 2000. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world by famine. As of 2025,  Haiti and Afghanistan are the two countries with the most catastrophic and widespread states of famine, followed by Sudan.

Oxfam
Oxfam is a British-founded confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs), focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It began as the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief in Oxford, UK, in 1942, to alleviate World War Two related hunger and continued in the aftermath of the war. Oxfam has an international presence with operations in 79 countries and 21 members in the Oxfam Confederation in Australia, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North and Latin America and the Caribbean.

Since 2005, Oxfam International has been involved in a series of controversies as it expanded, especially concerning its operations in Haiti and Chad. There have been criticisms of its management of operations in the UK as well.
Palmolive (brand)
Palmolive (US: /ˌpɑːlmˈɒlɪv/, UK also /ˌpɑːm-/) is an American multinational brand of a line of products produced by Colgate-Palmolive. The Palmolive brand grew from one product, Palmolive bar soap. Made of coconut, palm and olive oils, Palmolive bar soap was introduced in 1898. Originally, the bar soap floated like Procter & Gamble's Ivory. By the turn of the 20th century, Palmolive was the world's best-selling soap.

Current Palmolive range of products include dishwashing liquid as well as personal care products such as shampoo, hair conditioner, body wash, bar soap, and liquid hand-wash.

Hair conditioner
Hair conditioner is a hair care cosmetic product used to improve the feel, texture, appearance and manageability of hair. Its main purpose is to reduce friction between strands of hair to allow smoother brushing or combing, which might otherwise cause damage to the scalp. Various other benefits are often advertised, such as hair repair, strengthening, or a reduction in split ends.

Conditioners are available in a wide range of forms, including viscous liquids, gels and creams, as well as thinner lotions and sprays. Hair conditioner is usually used after the hair has been washed with shampoo. It is applied and worked into the hair and may either be rinsed out a short time later or left in.
Coccothrinax proctorii
Coccothrinax proctorii, the Cayman thatch palm or Proctor's silver palm, is a palm which is endemic to the Cayman Islands.

Henderson and colleagues (1995) considered C. proctorii to be a synonym of Coccothrinax argentata.

Coccothrinax argentata
Coccothrinax argentata, commonly called the Florida silver palm, is a species of palm tree. It is native to south Florida, southeast Mexico, Colombia and to the West Indies, where it is found in the Bahamas, the southwest Caribbean and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Its natural habitat is rocky, calcareous soil in coastal scrubland and hammock communities.
Denver Roller Derby
Denver Roller Derby (DRD) is a flat-track roller derby league based in Denver, Colorado. The league was founded in December 2005. Denver Roller Derby is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA), joining in December 2007 as Denver Roller Dolls. In January 2015, the league changed its name to Denver Roller Derby.

Junior Roller Derby Association
The Junior Roller Derby Association is the governing body of youth roller derby, modified for children and adolescents up to 18 years of age. The sport is played in both modified-contact, known as "positional blocking," and full-contact approaches, to facilitate safety across multiple age and skill groups.