hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of La Verne College of Law
The University of La Verne College of Law is the law school of the University of La Verne, a private university in Ontario, California. It was founded in 1970 and is accredited by the State Bar of California but not accredited by the ABA.

Ontario, California
Ontario is a city in southwestern San Bernardino County, California, United States, 35 miles (56 km) east of downtown Los Angeles and 23 miles (37 km) west of downtown San Bernardino, the county seat. Located in the western part of the Inland Empire metropolitan area, it lies just east of Los Angeles County and is part of the Greater Los Angeles Area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 175,265.

The city is home to Ontario International Airport, which is the 8th-busiest airport in the United States by cargo carried, as of 2026. Ontario handles the mass of freight traffic between the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach and the rest of the country.

It takes its name from the Ontario Model Colony development established in 1882 by the Canadian engineer George Chaffey and his brothers, William Chaffey and Charles Chaffey. They named the settlement after their home province of Ontario, Canada's most populous province.
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
The effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance are a broad range of impairments resulting from inadequate sleep, impacting attention, executive function and memory. An estimated 20% of adults or more have some form of sleep deprivation. It may come with insomnia or major depressive disorder, or indicate other mental disorders. The consequences can negatively affect the health, cognition, energy level and mood of a person and anyone around. It increases the risk of human error, especially with technology.

Anterior cingulate cortex
In human brains, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is the frontal part of the cingulate cortex that resembles a "collar" surrounding the frontal part of the corpus callosum. It consists of Brodmann areas 24, 32, and 33.

It is involved in certain higher-level functions, such as attention allocation, reward anticipation, decision-making, impulse control (e.g. performance monitoring and error detection), and emotion.
The Six Bells
The Six Bells is a public house in St Michael's Street in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. The seventeenth-century timber-framed building is situated within the walls of the Roman city of Verulamium.

Verulamium
Verulamium was a town in Roman Britain. It was sited southwest of the modern city of St Albans in Hertfordshire, England. The major ancient Roman route Watling Street passed through the city, but was realigned in medieval times to bring trade to St Albans. It was about a day's walk from London.

A large portion of the Roman city remains unexcavated, being now park and agricultural land, although due to ploughing on the privately owned agricultural half of the city a lot of damage has been done, as proven by parts of mosaic floors that have been found on the surface, and results of ground penetrating radar show outlines of buildings as smudges rather than clearly defined walls like those protected by the parkland. 
Part of the Roman city has been built upon, such as the small settlement around the Anglo-Saxon St Michael's Church. Much of the site and its environs is now a scheduled monument.
1993 AT&T Challenge
The 1993 AT&T Challenge was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Atlanta, Georgia, United States that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the ninth edition of the tournament and was held from April 26 through May 2, 1993. Unseeded Jacco Eltingh won the singles title.

1993 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Jalan Bukit Beruntung
Jalan Bukit Beruntung, Federal Route 3208 (formerly Selangor state route B112), is an industrial federal road in Selangor, Malaysia.

The Kilometre Zero is located at Sungai Choh, at its interchange with the Federal Route 1, the main trunk road of the central of Peninsular Malaysia.

At most sections, the Federal Route 3208 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.

Jalan Bukit Beruntung is known as the "death route" due to frequent road accidents at night, mainly motorcyclists who work night shifts at Perodua and Tan Chong Motor factories in Sungai Choh. As of 2009, there were no road lamps installed in the road. The either sides of the road are full of dense forests.

A newer road, connecting Jalan Bukit Beruntung to the UMW High Value Manufacturing Park in Serendah, was constructed by Mewah Kota Sdn Bhd, a company of Stella Holdings Berhad.

Malaysia Federal Route 1
The Federal Route 1 is the first federal road in Malaysia, the oldest federal road in Malaysia, and among the nation's earliest public roadways ever constructed. The Federal Route 1 was the backbone of the road system in the western states of Peninsular Malaysia before being supplanted by the North–South Expressway (E1 and E2).
Sheldrake River
The Sheldrake River is a freshwater stream located in Southern Westchester County, New York. The river forms in White Plains and flows six miles (9.7 km) south until it joins the Mamaroneck River. Approximately 1.58 miles (2.54 km) of the Sheldrake River flow through Scarsdale, 2.13 miles (3.43 km) through New Rochelle and two miles (3.2 km) through the Town of Mamaroneck.

The Sheldrake River is the largest tributary of the Mamaroneck River, which flows into Long Island Sound. The Sheldrake River watershed drains approximately 6.1 square miles (16 km2) and comprises the upper Sheldrake River (north of Sheldrake Lake) and lower Sheldrake River (south of Sheldrake Lake), the east branch, the main tributary to the east branch, and various smaller tributary streams. The Sheldrake River drainage system encompasses part of Mamaroneck Town, New Rochelle, Scarsdale, and a minor portion of White Plains.

Mamaroneck, New York
Mamaroneck (/məˈmærənɛk/ mə-MARR-ə-nek) is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States.

The population was 31,758 at the 2020 United States census over 29,156 at the 2010 census. There are two villages contained within the town: Larchmont and the Village of Mamaroneck (part of which is located in the adjacent town of Rye). The majority of the town's land area is not within either village, constituting an unincorporated area, although a majority of the population lives within the villages. Legally, the unincorporated section and the villages constitute the town as a political and governmental subdivision of New York State. The town is led by a town board, composed of five town board members, which includes the town supervisor, Jaine Elkind Eney.

Much of the unincorporated section of the town receives its mail via the Larchmont Post Office and thereby has a Larchmont address.
Afega Gaualofa
Aliki Faipule Afega Gaualofa is a Tokelauan politician who served as the 24th and 26th Head of Government of Tokelau from 8 March 2016 to 6 March 2017 and again from 5 March 2018 to 12 March 2019. He had also served as the Faipule (leader) of Fakaofo atoll.

Ulu-o-Tokelau
The Ulu-o-Tokelau, often abbreviated to Ulu, is the head of government of Tokelau. The position rotates yearly between the faipule (leaders) of Tokelau's three atolls: Atafu, Fakaofo, and Nukunonu. The current Ulu is Esera Fofō Tuisano, the faipule of Fakaofo atoll, who has held the position since 17 March 2025.

There have been 33 Ulu from 1993, when the office was established, to 2025.
Urrao
Urrao is a town and municipality of Colombia, located in the subregion  southwest of the department of Antioquia. Limited by the north with the municipalities of  Frontino and Abriaquí, in the east with the municipalities of Abriaquí, Caicedo, Anzá, Betulia and Salgar, and in the south and west with Vigía del Fuerte and the department of Chocó. It is the second largest municipality in the department. As of 2015, the population comprised 44,648 people. Professional cyclist Rigoberto Urán was born and raised here.

Caicedo, Antioquia
Caicedo (Spanish pronunciation: [kajˈseðo]) is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia. It is part of the sub-region of Southwestern Antioquia. In 2002, the population was 7,608, with a density ratio of 34.5/km² (89 mi²).

6°24′18″N 75°58′56″W﻿ / ﻿6.40500°N 75.98222°W﻿ / 6.40500; -75.98222
2013 São Paulo Indy 300
The Itaipava São Paulo Indy 300 presented by Nestlé was the fourth race of the 2013 IZOD IndyCar Series season. The race took place on May 5, 2013, on the 2.536-mile (4.081 km) temporary street circuit in São Paulo, Brazil, and was telecasted by the NBC Sports Network in the United States.

Canadian James Hinchcliffe won the race, his second win of the season, by passing Takuma Sato, winner of the previous race in Long Beach, on the final corner of the final lap.

2013 Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach
The 2013 Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach was the 39th annual running of the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach, and is also the  third race of the 2013 IndyCar Series season, taking place on April 21, 2013 in Long Beach, California on its temporary street circuit. The race was won by Takuma Sato of A. J. Foyt Enterprises.
Culver City, California
Culver City is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,779. It is mostly surrounded by Los Angeles, but also shares a border with the unincorporated area of Ladera Heights to the east. The city was named after Harry Culver who incorporated it in 1917.

In the 1920s, Culver City became a center for film and later television production. It was best known as the home of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios from 1924 to 1986. From 1932 to 1986, it was the headquarters for the Hughes Aircraft Company. National Public Radio West and Sony Pictures Entertainment have headquarters in the city. It has been described as a "largely idyllic...peaceful, semi-suburban community with a relatively low crime rate and high quality of life" best known for its "parks, studio lots, and breakfast burritos".

Interstate 10
Interstate 10 (I-10) is the southernmost transcontinental highway in the Interstate Highway System of the United States. It is the fourth-longest Interstate in the country at 2,460.34 miles (3,959.53 km), following I-90, I-80, and I-40. It was part of the originally planned Interstate Highway network that was laid out in 1956, and its last section was completed in 1990.

I-10 stretches from the Pacific Ocean at State Route 1 (SR 1, Pacific Coast Highway) in Santa Monica, California, to I-95 in Jacksonville, Florida. Other major cities connected by I-10 include (from west to east) Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tucson, Las Cruces, El Paso, San Antonio, Houston, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Mobile, Pensacola, and Tallahassee. Over one-third of its total length is within the state of Texas, where the freeway spans the state at its widest breadth.
ISO 3166-2:IT
ISO 3166-2:IT is the entry for Italy in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
Kimera Automobili
Kimera Automobili is an Italian company specializing in the production of high-performance cars and restomods. Founded by former rally driver Luca Betti, the company reinterprets iconic cars from the past by combining classic design with modern technologies. It is based in Villa Kimera, in Cuneo, Italy.

Lancia Rally 037
The Lancia Rally (Tipo 151, also known as the Lancia Rally 037, Lancia 037 or Lancia-Abarth #037 from its Abarth project code SE037) was a mid-engine sports car and rally car built by Lancia in the early 1980s to compete in the FIA Group B World Rally Championship. Driven by Markku Alén, Attilio Bettega, and Walter Röhrl, the car won Lancia the manufacturers' world championship in the 1983 season. It was the last rear-wheel drive car to win the WRC.
Cytochrome P450 aromatic O-demethylase
Cytochrome P450 aromatic O-demethylase is a bacterial enzyme that catalyzes the demethylation of lignin and various lignols.  The net reaction follows the following stoichiometry, illustrated with a generic methoxy arene:

ArOCH3  +  O2  + 2 e−  +  2 H+  →   ArOH  +  CH2O  +  H2O

The enzyme is notable for its promiscuity, affecting the O-demethylation of a range of substrates, including lignin.

It is a heterodimeric protein derived from the products of two genes.  The component proteins are a cytochrome P450 enzyme (encoded by the gcoA gene from the family CYP255A) and a three-domain reductase (encoded by the gcoB gene) complexed with three cofactors (2Fe-2S, FAD, and NADH).

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Eduardo Alesson
Eduardo Alesson Gravirona was a Spanish football executive and fencing teacher. He was one of the most important figures in the amateur beginnings of football in Catalonia since he was the fundamental head behind the foundation of both Hispania AC and the Catalan Football Federation in 1900, and then serving both entities as their first-ever president. He also worked as a football referee.

RCD Espanyol
Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: [rəˈjal ˈklub dəpuɾˈtiw əspəˈɲɔl də βəɾsəˈlonə]; "Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona"), commonly known as RCD Espanyol, is a Spanish professional sports club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The club competes in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football.

Founded in 1900 in Barcelona, Espanyol currently play their home games just outside the city at the RCDE Stadium, which holds up to 40,000 spectators. Domestically, Espanyol has won the Copa del Rey four times, most recently in 2006. In international competitions, the club reached the UEFA Cup final in 1988 and 2007. It has a long-standing local rivalry with FC Barcelona.
2012 FIA WTCC Race of Brazil
The 2012 FIA WTCC Race of Brazil was the eighth round of the 2012 World Touring Car Championship season and the seventh running of the FIA WTCC Race of Brazil. It was held on 22 July 2012 at the Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba in Pinhais, Brazil. Both races were won by Chevrolet with Yvan Muller winning race one and Robert Huff winning race two.

2012 World Touring Car Championship
The 2012 World Touring Car Championship season was the ninth season of the FIA World Touring Car Championship, and the eighth since its 2005 return. The championship, which was open to Super 2000 cars, began with the Race of Italy at Monza on 11 March and ended with the Guia Race of Macau at the Guia Circuit on 18 November, after twenty-four races. Robert Huff won the Drivers' Championship and Chevrolet won the Manufacturers' Championship.
Aper (grammarian)
Aper was a Greek grammarian, who lived in ancient Rome in the time of the emperor Tiberius. He belonged to the school of Aristarchus of Samothrace. He was a strenuous opponent of the grammarian Didymus Chalcenterus, and he wrote numerous polemical works attacking this author. One of the students of Didymus, Heraclides Ponticus the Younger, wrote works in defense of his master, and attacking Aper.

Some scholars have hypothesized that the reading of "Aper" is incorrect here, especially seeing as our information on him is so scant, and it is likely another grammarian is meant, perhaps Apion.

Didymus Chalcenterus
Didymus Chalcenterus (Latin; Greek: Δίδυμος Χαλκέντερος, Dídymos Chalkénteros, "Didymus Bronze-Guts"; c. 63 BC – c. AD 10) was an Ancient Greek scholar and grammarian who flourished in the time of Cicero and Augustus.
Foreign relations of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines maintains close ties to the US, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and cooperates with regional political and economic organizations such as the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and CARICOM. St. Vincent and the Grenadines is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of American States, and the Association of Caribbean States (ACS). Saint Vincent is also the smallest nation ever to be on the United Nations Security Council.

In May 1997, Prime Minister Mitchell joined 14 other Caribbean leaders and U.S. President Bill Clinton during the first-ever U.S.-regional summit in Bridgetown, Barbados. The summit strengthened the basis for regional cooperation on justice and counternarcotics issues, finance and development, and trade.

Saint Vincent is a transshipment point for South American illicit drugs destined for the US and Europe.

Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS; French: Organisation des États de la Caraïbe orientale, OECO) is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to economic harmonisation and integration, protection of human and legal rights, and the encouragement of good governance between countries and territories in the Eastern Caribbean. It also performs the role of spreading responsibility and liability in the event of natural disaster.

The administrative body of the OECS is the Commission, which is headquartered in Castries, the capital of Saint Lucia.

OECS operates an economic union within the larger CARICOM economic union. Eight members operate as a currency union - the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union, using the Eastern Caribbean dollar.
Counts and dukes of Valois
The Valois (UK: /ˈvælwɑː/ VAL-wah, also US: /vælˈwɑː, vɑːlˈwɑː/ va(h)l-WAH, French: [valwa]; originally Pagus Valensis) was a region in the valley of the Oise river in Picardy in the north of France. It was a fief in West Francia and subsequently the Kingdom of France until its counts furnished a line of kings, the House of Valois, to succeed the House of Capet in 1328. It was, along with the counties of Beauvais, the Vexin, Vermandois, and Laon, part of the "Oise line" of fiefdoms which were held often by one individual or an individual family as a string of defences against Viking assault on Paris.

The medieval county and duchy of Valois was located in northern France. It was included in the northeastern part of the government of Île-de-France, while being part of the province of Picardy. Its capital was Crépy-en-Valois.

Adele of Valois
Adele of Valois (Adèle/Adélaïde) was a daughter of Ralph IV of Valois and Adele of Bar-sur-Aube.

She married firstly Herbert IV, Count of Vermandois and they had:

Adelaide, Countess of Vermandois

Odo I, Count of Vermandois

She was also the second wife of Theobald III, Count of Blois and they had:

Philip, who became bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne

Odo, who inherited possessions in Champagne (Troyes). He died in 1093, leaving the possessions to his brother Hugh.

Hugh, who became the first to be called count of Champagne.

Hawise, also known as Hawise of Guingamp, wife of Stephen, Count of Tréguier.
Iara (mythology)
Iara, also spelled Uiara, Yara or Hiara (Portuguese pronunciation: [iˈaɾɐ], [wiˈaɾɐ], [ujˈaɾɐ]) or Mãe das Águas ([ˌmɐ̃j̃ dɐz ˈaɡwɐs], "mother of the waters"), is a figure from Brazilian mythology based on Tupi and Guaraní mythology.

The Iara may have developed from the lore of the carnivorous fish-man Ipupiara. Conflation with the European myth of the siren, or a beautiful mermaid probably is part of the Iara myth as the seductress of the  Amazon River.

Some commentators believe the original version of Iara must have been dark-skinned and black-haired, black-eyed, like the indigenous populations. However the Iara in the 19th century were described as blonde and blue-eyed or green-eyed, or even green haired.

João Barbosa Rodrigues
João Barbosa Rodrigues (June 22, 1842 – March 6, 1909) was considered one of Brazil's greatest botanists, known especially for his work on orchids and palms. For nearly two decades he was director of the Botanic Garden of Rio de Janeiro. Something of a polymath, he was a prolific botanical artist who also made contributions to his country's ethnography, geography, linguistics, zoology, and literature. The standard author abbreviation Barb.Rodr. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Fu Yuelan
Fu Yuelan (Chinese: 符跃兰; pinyin: Fú Yuèlán; born September 1953) is a retired Chinese politician of Li ethnicity from Hainan province. She served as Vice Chairwoman and Deputy Party Secretary of the Standing Committee of the Hainan Provincial People's Congress, and earlier as Vice Governor of Hainan. She was also Head of the United Front Work Department of the Hainan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

Baisha Li Autonomous County
Baisha Li Autonomous County (Chinese: s 白沙黎族自治县, p Báishā Lízú Zìzhìxiàn) is one of 6 autonomous counties of Hainan, China. In 1999, its population was 176,377 people, largely made up of the Li people.

Baisha County was established in 1935, alongside Baoting County and Ledong County. In 1958, this county was briefly merged into Dongfang County before reestablishment three years later. On 20 November 1987, the State Council ratified this county as an autonomous county for Li people, and on 30 December the official establishment ceremony was held.
Naidinae
Naidinae is a subfamily of annelids belonging to the family Naididae.

According to the World Register of Marine Species, 24 genera are accepted:

Allodero Sperber, 1948

Allonais Sperber, 1948

Amphichaeta Tauber, 1879

Arcteonais Piguet, 1928

Aulophorus Schmarda, 1861

Branchiodrilus Michaelsen, 1900

Bratislavia Košel, 1976

Chaetogaster von Baer, 1827

Dero Oken, 1815

Haemonais Bretscher, 1900

Nais Müller, 1774

Neonais Sokolskaya, 1962

Ophidonais Gervais, 1838

Paranais Czerniavsky, 1881

Pedonais Collado & Schmelz, 2000

Piguetiella Sperber, 1939

Rhopalonais Dzwillo & R. Grimm, 1974

Ripistes Dujardin, 1842

Slavina Vejdovský, 1884

Specaria Sperber, 1939

Stephensoniana Černosvitov, 1938

Stylaria Lamarck, 1816

Uncinais Levinsen, 1884

Vejdovskyella Michaelsen, 1903

Haemonais
Haemonais is a genus of annelids belonging to the family Naididae.

Species:

Haemonais waldvogeli  Bretscher, 1900

Haemonais laurentii Stephenson, 1915, accepted as Haemonais waldvogeli Bretscher, 1900