hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anthony Dyson (artist)
Anthony Dyson  (1931–2023) was an English artist, master printmaker, art historian, teacher and writer.

He was a Senior lecturer in the University of London Institute of Education, until 1987.

He founded Black Star Press in Teddington, London in 1987. A master printmaker, Dyson collaborated with artists Robin Tanner and Edgar Holloway, and printed historically engraved plates for the Tate and Harvard University.

Elected an honorary fellow of the Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers in 1994. Unusually, Dyson was then elected as a fellow, enabling him to participate in the society's annual exhibitions and later serve as Vice President.

He received the Fenton Arts Trust Award in 2010.

Robin Tanner (artist)
Robin Tanner (1904–1988) was an English artist, etcher, teacher, and printmaker.  He followed in the visionary tradition of Samuel Palmer and English neo-romanticism. He lived in London, at Kington Langley in Wiltshire, and at Bath.
2012 European Women's Handball Championship squads
The following is a list of squads for each nation competing at the 2012 European Women's Handball Championship in Serbia.

On 5 November 2012, the official squad lists were announced and published. Of those 28-player squads, 16 were named for the final tournament.

On 4 December 2012, the official rosters were announced and published.

Caps and goals correct as of 4 December 2012.

2012 European Women's Handball Championship
The 2012 European Women's Handball Championship was held in Serbia from 4 to 16 December. Originally the tournament was scheduled to be held in the Netherlands but on 4 June 2012 the Dutch Handball Federation withdrew from the organization. Subsequently, the European Handball Federation (EHF) launched a new bidding process and eventually selected Serbia as the new host on 18 June 2012.

Montenegro captured their first title by defeating defending champion Norway 34–31 in the final.
Raninder Singh
Raninder Singh (born 2 August 1967) is an Indian politician and sports administrator from Punjab, India, and son of former Chief Minister of Punjab, Amarinder Singh. He is the titular heir to the historical royal Phulkian dynasty of Patiala.

Phulkian dynasty
The Phulkian dynasty (or Phoolkian) of Maharajas or sardars were Sikh Jat royals and aristocrats in the Punjab region of India. Members of the dynasty ruled the Phulkian states of Badrukhan, Bhadaur, Faridkot, Jind, Malaudh, Nabha, and Patiala, allying themselves with the British Empire according to the terms of the Cis-Sutlej treaty of 1809. The dynasty is named after Phul Sidhu-Brar, the 17th-century common ancestor of the Phulkian states and the founder of the Phulkian Misl. After India's independence in 1947, the Phulkian states had all acceded to India by 1948. Members of the various royal families of the Phulkian dynasty retained their titles until 1971, when the Government of India abolished their titles with the 26th Amendment to the Constitution of India.
Anca Pop
Anca Pop (October 22, 1984 – December 16, 2018) was a Romanian Canadian singer-songwriter. On July 12, 2017, she released her self-titled debut studio album exclusively in Japan which spawned four singles including: "Free Love", "Super Cool", "Ring Around", and "Loco Poco".

In 2008, she met Yugoslav and 
Serbian musician Goran Bregović, and she wrote two songs for his thirteenth studio album Champagne for Gypsies. After her collaboration with Bregović, she signed a record deal with Roton Music. She also appeared on the cover of Playboy for the July–August issue.

Romanian Canadians
Romanian Canadians (French: Canadiens d'origine roumaine; Romanian: Canadieni români)  are Canadian citizens of Romanian descent or Romania-born people who reside in Canada.

According to the 2021 Canadian census, there are 215,885 Romanian-Canadians.
Boyce v Boyce
Boyce v Boyce (1849) 60 ER 959 is an English trusts law case, concerning the certainty of subject matter. Its outcome may have become outdated by the more recent judgments in In re Roberts and Re Golay's Will Trusts.

Repington v Roberts-Gawen
Repington v Roberts-Gawen (1881–82) LR 19 Ch D 520 is a leading English trust law case, concerning the requirement of intention to create a trust, and the requisite level of certainty in the beneficiaries.
USS Agamenticus
USS Agamenticus was one of four Miantonomoh-class monitors built for the United States Navy during the American Civil War. Commissioned as the war was ending in May 1865, the ironclad saw no combat and was decommissioned in September and placed in reserve. The ship was reactivated in 1870, having been renamed Terror the previous year, and was assigned to the North Atlantic Fleet where she served in the Caribbean Sea. The monitor was decommissioned again in 1872 and was sold for scrap two years later. The Navy Department evaded the Congressional refusal to order new ships by claiming that the Civil War-era ship was being repaired while building a new monitor of the same name.

Miantonomoh-class monitor
The Miantonomoh class consisted of four monitors built for the Union Navy during the U.S. Civil War, but only one ship was completed early enough to participate in the war. They were broken up in 1874–1875.
Expansion tunnel
In aeronautics, expansion and shock tunnels are aerodynamic testing facilities with a specific interest in high speeds and high temperature testing. Shock tunnels use steady flow nozzle expansion whereas expansion tunnels use unsteady expansion with higher enthalpy, or thermal energy. In both cases the gases are compressed and heated until the gases are released, expanding rapidly down the expansion chamber. The tunnels reach speeds from Mach 3 to Mach 30 to create testing conditions that simulate hypersonic to re-entry flight. These tunnels are used by military and government agencies to test hypersonic vehicles that undergo a variety of natural phenomenon that occur during hypersonic flight.

Hypersonic speed
In aerodynamics, hypersonic speed refers to speeds much faster than the speed of sound, usually more than approximately Mach 5.

The precise Mach number at which a craft can be said to be flying at hypersonic speed varies, since individual physical changes in the airflow (like molecular dissociation and ionization) occur at different speeds; these effects collectively become important around Mach 5–10. The hypersonic regime can also be alternatively defined as speeds where specific heat capacity changes with the temperature of the flow as the kinetic energy of the moving object is converted into heat.

Hypersonic weapons are typically boost-glide vehicles or cruise missiles designed for aerodynamic flight and maneuvering above Mach 5.

High hypersonic speeds are experienced during atmospheric entry. Spaceplanes are designed to be capable of flight in this regime. The North American X-15 and the Space Shuttle orbiter are the only crewed vehicles to fly above Mach 5.
Ulvåsa
Ulvåsa, or Ulfåsa, is a mansion by lake Boren outside Motala in Östergötland, Sweden. The construction of the present mansion began in the 16th century. In the early 19th century a third floor was added and it obtained its present architecture.

The medieval Ulvåsa was situated a few kilometres west of the present mansion. Today, there are ruins left of the manor where Saint Bridget of Sweden lived most of her life. After the death of her husband the manor was abandoned and a new residence was built at Brittås, 1 km south of the current mansion.

The mansion is a private residence and is not open to the public. A walking trail circles the mansion and leads through the English park, which is open to the public all year.

58°33′13″N 15°09′00″E﻿ / ﻿58.55361°N 15.15000°E﻿ / 58.55361; 15.15000

Östergötland
Östergötland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈœ̂sːtɛrˌjøːtland] ⓘ; English exonym: East Gothland) is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden (landskap in Swedish) in the south of Sweden. It borders Småland, Västergötland, Närke, Södermanland and the Baltic Sea. In older English literature, the Latinized version Ostrogothia is also used. The corresponding administrative county, Östergötland County, covers the entire province and parts of neighbouring provinces.
Gomeldon
Gomeldon is a small village in the valley of the River Bourne in Wiltshire, England, in the civil parish of Idmiston. It lies about 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Salisbury, between Winterbourne Gunner and Porton, and as of 2012 its population was estimated at 200.

There is a primary school and, although there is no station, the main railway line to London passes through the village.

Gomeldon was a village in medieval times. Ten buildings on the ancient village site south-west of the school, between the modern village and the river, were excavated in the 1960s, and a report published by Salisbury Museum. The site of the deserted village is designated as a scheduled monument.

In 1821 the population was 20, and in 1831 there were 48 inhabitants. In 1868 it was a small hamlet in the parish of Idmiston.

Winterbourne Gunner
Winterbourne Gunner is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Winterbourne, in Wiltshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) northeast of Salisbury. The village is near the River Bourne and the A338 road, and is close to Winterbourne Dauntsey. In 1931 the parish had a population of 292. On 1 April 1934, the parish was abolished and merged with Winterbourne Earls and Winterbourne Dauntsey to form Winterbourne parish.
Endeavour (yacht)
Endeavour is a J-class yacht built for the 1934 America's Cup by Camper and Nicholson in Gosport, England. She was built for Thomas Sopwith who used his aviation design expertise to ensure the yacht was the most advanced of its day with a steel hull and mast. She was 130-foot (40 m) and launched in 1934 and won many races in her first season including against the J's Velsheda and Shamrock V. She failed in her America's Cup challenge against the American defender Rainbow but came closer to lifting the cup than any other until Australia II succeeded in 1983.

Sail components
Sail components include the features that define a sail's shape and function, plus its constituent parts from which it is manufactured. A sail may be classified in a variety of ways, including by its orientation to the vessel (e.g. fore-and-aft) and its shape, (e.g. (a)symmetrical, triangular, quadrilateral, etc.). Sails are typically constructed out of flexible material that is shaped by various means, while in use, to offer an appropriate airfoil, according to the strength and apparent direction of the wind. A variety of features and fittings allow the sail to be attached to lines and spars.

Whereas conventional sails form an airfoil with one layer of fabric, wingsails comprise a structure that has material on both sides to form an airfoil—much like a wing placed vertically on the vessel—and are beyond the scope of this article.
1991–92 Scottish Challenge Cup
The 1991–92 Scottish Challenge Cup was the second season of the competition, which was also known as the B&Q Cup for sponsorship reasons. It was competed for by the 26 clubs in the Scottish Football League Division One and Two. The defending champions were Dundee, who defeated Ayr United 3–2 after extra time in the 1990 final.

The final was played on 8 December 1991, between Ayr United and Hamilton Academical at Fir Park, Motherwell. Hamilton Academical won 1–0, to win the tournament for the first time.

1991 Scottish Challenge Cup final
The 1991 Scottish Challenge Cup final, also known as the B&Q Cup final for sponsorship reasons, was an association football match between Hamilton Academical and Ayr United on 8 December 1991 at Fir Park in Motherwell. It was the second final of the Scottish Challenge Cup, and a continuation of the tournament organised the previous season to celebrate the centenary of the Scottish Football League.

The match was Hamilton Academical's first national final in 56 years since the Scottish Cup final of 1935; whilst it was Ayr United's second consecutive appearance in the final of the tournament having lost the inaugural final the previous season. The tournament was contested by clubs below the Scottish Premier Division, with both finalists from the First Division. The only goal of the match came from Colin Harris for Hamilton Academical to win 1–0.
Ethiopian–Somali conflict
The Ethiopian–Somali conflict is a territorial and political dispute between Ethiopia, Somalia, and insurgents in the area.

Originating in the 1300s, the present conflict stems from the Ethiopian Empire's expansions into the Somali-inhabited Ogaden region during the late 19th century. It escalated further when the Ogaden and Haud territories were transferred to Ethiopia by Britain after World War II. In the decades following, Somali desires for self-determination and/or unification under a Greater Somalia have culminated in numerous insurgencies and several wars. However, because of the Somali Civil War and the lack of a functioning central government since the collapse of the Democratic Republic of Somalia in 1991, Ethiopia has the upper hand militarily and economically.

Dolow
Dolow (; Italian: Dolo), also spelled Doolow, is a town in the southern Gedo region of Somalia.

The city sits on the Ganana River near the Somali Region in Ethiopia, just 50 km (31 mi) north of Luuq.

Buulo xaawo District lies west of Dolow near the North Eastern Province.
1993 Tour de Suisse
The 1993 Tour de Suisse was the 57th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 15 June to 24 June 1993. The race started in Affoltern am Albis and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Marco Saligari of the Ariostea team.

Tour de Suisse
The Tour de Suisse (English: Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France, which is on the calendar approximately two weeks after the end of the Tour de Suisse. Since 2011 the event is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional races.

From 2021, a women's race has been held at the same time, with the event joining the UCI Women's World Tour from 2023.
2013 Liberian by-election
The 2013 Liberian by-election was held on May 7 in Grand Bassa County. The election was boycotted by the Congress for Democratic Change. It was won by Nyonblee Karnga-Lawrence of the Liberty Party. She was the first female senator elected to represent Grand Bassa County.

Grand Bassa County
Grand Bassa is a county in the west-central portion of the West African nation of Liberia. One of 15 counties that comprise the first-level of administrative division in the nation, it has eight districts. Buchanan serves as the capital with the area of the county measuring 3,064 square miles (7,940 km2). As of the 2022 Census, it had a population of 293,557, making it the sixth most populous county in Liberia.

Grand Bassa's County Superintendent is Karyou Johnson. The county is bordered by Margibi County to the northwest, Bong County to the north, Nimba County to the east, and Rivercess County to the south and east. The western part of Grand Bassa borders the Atlantic Ocean.
Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics programme.  It was the third time the event was held.  12 athletes from 3 nations participated. The competition was held on August 29, 1904. The event was won by Harry Hillman of the United States, the third time in a row that a different American had won the event. The Americans swept the medals, the first time that feat had been achieved in the men's 400 metres.

Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, twenty-five athletics events were contested. A total of 74 medals (25 gold, 25 silver and 24 bronze) were awarded.

Multi-event competitions, the all-around and triathlon, were introduced, along with a 56-pound weight throw, while the short steeplechase was lengthened slightly from 2500 to 2590 metres, the team race was lengthened from 5000 meters to 4 miles (6,437 m), and the long steeplechase was dropped.

In all, the 25 events featured in 1904 were two more than were held in 1900.

A track was built specifically for the Games on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The track was a cinder track 1⁄3 mile (536.448m) in length, with one long straightaway.
Liechtenstein and the United Nations
The Principality of Liechtenstein is a member state of the United Nations. The Principality of Liechtenstein joined the United Nations on September 18, 1990. It has never been a member of the Security Council. The Principality of Liechtenstein is a part of the Group of Western European and Other States (WEOG).

Diplomatic rank
Diplomatic rank is a system of professional and social rank used in the world of diplomacy and international relations. A diplomat's rank determines many ceremonial details, such as the order of precedence at official processions, table seatings at state dinners, the person to whom diplomatic credentials should be presented, and the title by which the diplomat should be addressed.
Heinrich Schütz House, Weißenfels
Heinrich Schütz House is a cultural site in Weißenfels, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The composer Heinrich Schütz (1585–1672) lived here during his later years; the house is now a museum about his life and work.

Weißenfels
Weißenfels (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪsn̩ˌfɛls] ⓘ; often written in English as Weissenfels) is the largest town of the Burgenlandkreis district, in southern Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany. It is situated on the river Saale, approximately 30 km (20 mi) south of Halle.
Peritoneal dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a type of dialysis that uses the peritoneum in a person's abdomen as the membrane through which fluid and dissolved substances are exchanged with the blood. It is used to remove excess fluid, correct electrolyte problems, and remove toxins in those with kidney failure. Peritoneal dialysis has better outcomes than hemodialysis during the first two years. Other benefits include greater flexibility and better tolerability in those with significant heart disease.

Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia is an unusually high amount of glucose in the blood. It is defined as blood glucose level exceeding 6.9 mmol/L (125 mg/dL) after fasting for 8 hours or 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) 2 hours after eating.
Gmina Niebylec
Gmina Niebylec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Strzyżów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Niebylec, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Strzyżów and 22 km (14 mi) south of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 104.37 square kilometres (40.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,606.

Strzyżów
Strzyżów [ˈstʂɨʐuf] is a town in Strzyżów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, along the Wisłok river valley. Strzyżów is one of the towns within the Strzyżowsko-Dynowskie Foothill, located 160 kilometres (99 miles) south-east of Kraków and 30 km (19 mi) from Rzeszów. According to statistics from 30 June 2010 from GUS (the Central Statistical Office in Poland), there are 8,782 inhabitants.
Phthiotis Province
Phthiotis Province was one of the provinces of the Phthiotis Prefecture, Greece. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipalities Lamia, Makrakomi, and Stylida. It was abolished in 2006.

Phthiotis
Phthiotis (Greek: Φθιώτιδα, Fthiótida [fθi'otiða]; ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Φθιῶτις) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. The capital is the city of Lamia.  It is bordered by the Malian Gulf to the east, Boeotia in the south, Phocis in the south, Aetolia-Acarnania in the southwest, Evrytania in the west, Karditsa regional unit in the north, Larissa regional unit in the north, and Magnesia in the northeast.  The name dates back to ancient times. It is best known as the home of Achilles.
Lobofemora scheirei
Lobofemora scheirei is a species of stick insects in the tribe Clitumnini.  This species was found in the seasonal tropical forests of the Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve (type locality), which includes Cát Tiên National Park, Vietnam.
It is named after the Belgian comedian, TV host and self-declared nerd Lieven Scheire.

Clitumninae
The Clitumninae are a sub-family of stick insects in the family Phasmatidae found in Asia (a record for Phobaeticus from Brasil was probably erroneous).  The type genus Clitumnus is now considered a synonym of Ramulus.
Rhenish Republic
The Rhenish Republic (German: Rheinische Republik) was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during the occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium (January 1923 – 1925) and subjected itself to French protectorate. It comprised three territories, named North, South and Ruhr. Their regional capitals were, respectively, Aachen, Koblenz and Essen.

Looting
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting. The proceeds of all these activities can be described as booty, loot, plunder, spoils, or pillage.

Throughout history, the practice of war looting was often considered a customary right of victorious armies until the development of modern international humanitarian law.

Looting by a victorious army during war has been a common practice throughout recorded history. In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars and particularly after World War II, norms against wartime plunder became widely accepted. In modern armed conflicts, looting is prohibited by international law, and constitutes a war crime. The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 explicitly prohibited pillage and looting, codifying earlier efforts to restrain the practice in European warfare.
Gmina Złoczew
Gmina Złoczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Złoczew, which lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 118.02 square kilometres (45.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,398 (out of which the population of Złoczew amounts to 3,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,995).

Złoczew
Złoczew is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,340 inhabitants (2020). It is located in the historic Sieradz Land, 23 kilometres (14 miles) south of Sieradz and 23 kilometres (14 miles) north of Wieluń.

Złoczew is a relatively young town in the region, dating back to the Late Middle Ages, with a preserved palace and park ensemble and Renaissance churches. It is located close to the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Rayadurg Assembly constituency
Rayadurg Assembly constituency is a constituency in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of the constituencies in Anantapur Lok Sabha constituency.

Kalava Srinivasulu is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 249,553 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Anantapur district
Anantapur district, officially Ananthapuramu district, is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located in Anantapur city. It is one of the driest places in South India.  In the year 2022, as part of re-organisation of districts, Sri Sathya Sai district was carved out.