hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salterolithus
Salterolithus is a genus of trilobites of the order Asaphida. It is in the family Trinucleidae and was named after British geologist J.W. Salter.

Fossil specimens have been found in the Upper Ordovician rocks of Wales and central England.

This trilobite was blind but anatomical evidence suggests it sifted organic matter on the seabed.

Asaphida
Asaphida is a large, morphologically diverse order of trilobites found in marine strata dated from the Middle Cambrian until their extinction during the Silurian. Asaphida contains six superfamilies (Anomocaroidea, Asaphoidea, Cyclopygoidea, Dikelocephaloidea, Remopleuridoidea and Trinucleioidea), but no suborders. Asaphids comprise some 20% of described fossil trilobites.

In 2020, the superfamily Trinucleioidea was proposed to be raised to an order (Trinucleida) and removed from Asaphida.
Râu Alb
Râu Alb is a commune in Dâmbovița County, Muntenia, Romania, with a population of 1,466 as of 2021. It is composed of two villages, Râu Alb de Jos (the commune center) and Râu Alb de Sus. These were part of Bărbulețu Commune until 2004, when they were split off.

The commune is situated in the southern foothills of the Făgăraș Mountains, at a mean altitude of 490 m (1,610 ft), on the banks of the river Râul Alb. It is located in the northern part of Dâmbovița County, about 7 km (4.3 mi) away from the town of Pucioasa, and about 40 km (25 mi) from Târgoviște, the county seat.  The commune has its own hospital, church, and police station.

Pucioasa
Pucioasa (Romanian pronunciation: [puˈt͡ʃjo̯asa]) is a town in Dâmbovița County, Muntenia, Romania. It administers six villages: Bela, Diaconești, Glodeni, Malurile, Miculești, and Pucioasa-Sat.

The town is located on the middle course of the Ialomița River, 21 km (13 mi) north of Târgoviște, in the central,  hilly area of the county, 81 km (50 mi) from its southern limit and 42 km (26 mi) from its northern limit.
Ameca (robot)
Ameca is a robotic humanoid created in 2021 by Engineered Arts, headquarters in Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom. The project commenced in February 2021, and the first public demonstration was at the CES 2022 show in Las Vegas. Ameca's appearance features grey rubber skin on the face and hands, and is specifically designed to appear genderless.

In 2024, an Ameca unit was installed in Edinburgh in the UK to reside at the National Robotarium.

Ameca generation 3 has been released and showcased at ICRA 2025 along with Ami.

Consumer Electronics Show
CES (formerly an initialism for Consumer Electronics Show) is an annual trade show organized by the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). Held in January at the Las Vegas Convention Center in Winchester, Nevada, United States, the event typically hosts presentations of new products and technologies in the consumer electronics industry.
Olfert Fischers Gade
Olfert Fischers Gade is a street in the Nyboder Quarter of central Copenhagen, Denmark and is named after the naval officer Olfert Fischer who commanded the Danish fleet in the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801. It runs from Store Kongensgade in the east to Rigensgade in the west, intersecting the streets Borgergade, Adelgade/Sankt Pauls Plads, Gammelvagt and Kronprinsessegade on the way. The street is closed to through traffic on the west side of Borgergade.

Store Kongensgade
Store Kongensgade (Danish pronunciation: [ˈstoːɐ ˈkʰʌŋn̩sˌkɛːðə]; lit. 'Great King's Street') is the longest street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It extends northeast from Kongens Nytorv to Esplanaden, running parallel to Bredgade, where it breaks left, continuing northwest to Grønningen.

Store Kongensgade is part of the Ring 2 thoroughfare. Traffic is one-way, moving from Østerport station to Kongens Nytorv, while traffic moving in the opposite direction goes by Bredgade which is also one-way.
Egge, Vestland
Egge is a village in Gloppen Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located along the European route E39 highway, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the village of Byrkjelo, and about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of Jostedalsbreen National Park where the Myklebustbreen glacier is located. Egge is 21 kilometres (13 mi) southeast of the municipal center of Sandane, and it is also about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north of Skei, a village in the neighboring Sunnfjord Municipality. The village sits at the base of the mountain Eggenipa.

Skei, Vestland
Skei (also known as Skei i Jølster) is a village in Sunnfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located at the northeastern end of the lake Jølstravatnet. Skei is 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the village of Byrkjelo (in Gloppen Municipality), 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of the villages of Vassenden/Langhaugane, and about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) east of the village of Ålhus.

Skei is located just west of Jostedalsbreen National Park. The village lies at the intersection of two major regional highways: European route E39 and Norwegian National Road 5. The village of Helgheim, where the Helgheim Church is located, sits about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Skei on the northern shore of the lake Jølstravatnet.

The 0.58-square-kilometre (140-acre) village has a population (2025) of 549 and a population density of 947 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,450/sq mi).
Phạm Tải – Ngọc Hoa
The Story of Phạm Tải and Ngọc Hoa (Phạm Tải – Ngọc Hoa) is an anonymous 18th Century Vietnamese language epic poem of 934 verses.

The poem belongs to the genre of vernacular nôm script verse poems which includes Phạm Công – Cúc Hoa, Nhị độ mai ("The Plum Tree Blossoms Twice"), Lục súc tranh công ("The Struggle of the Six Animals"), the tale of Thạch Sanh, the tale of Chử Đồng Tử, the tales of Trạng Quỳnh, the tale of Tống Trân and Cúc Hoa, the Truyện Trinh thử ("Tale of the Virgin Mouse"), and the Hạnh Thục ca ("Lament while fleeing to Thục"). Interest in these vernacular Vietnamese-language poems was reawakened early in the nationalist cultural movement. As with another Vietnamese epic poem, the Tale of Tống Trân and Cúc Hoa, the Tale of Phạm Tải and Ngọc Hoa has also entered Thai tradition in a narrative translation.

Tống Trân and Cúc Hoa
The Tale of Tống Trân and Cúc Hoa (宋珍菊花 Tống Trân Cúc Hoa) is a traditional epic poem in lục bát verse from 18th or 19th Century Vietnam. The poem is anonymous. The poem was widely published in the early days of Vietnamese printing, including engraved plates with illustrations. It is counted as one of the principle works of the chữ Nôm script verse-story genre.
T (magazine)
T: The New York Times Style Magazine, known simply as T, is a perfect-bound magazine publication of The New York Times newspaper dedicated to fashion, living, beauty, holiday, travel, and design coverage.  T is not a supplement of The New York Times Magazine, but a distinct publication with its own staff. It was launched in August 2004, and is distributed with the Sunday edition of the newspaper 11 times a year.

Since December 2007, an international edition has been distributed with the weekend edition of The New York Times International Edition (or International New York Times, formerly the International Herald Tribune). In 2010, its first country-specific edition, T Qatar was launched. T Australia is a separate online and quarterly print magazine produced for the Australian market.

The New York Times International Edition
The New York Times International Edition is an English-language daily newspaper distributed internationally by the New York Times Company. It has been published in two separate periods, one from 1943 to 1967 and one from 2013 to the present.
Kampong Sungai Teraban
Kampong Sungai Teraban (Malay: Kampung Sungai Teraban) is a village in Belait District, Brunei, near the district's principal town Kuala Belait. It has an area of 22 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi); the population was 1,082 in 2016. It is one of the administrative villages within Mukim Kuala Belait.

Villages of Brunei
A village (Malay: kampung or kampong) is the third and lowest administrative division of Brunei. It is headed by a village head (ketua kampung). Several villages are grouped together to form a mukim. A village is generally the traditional rural settlement, in particular in the sense of a kampong or Malay traditional village, but it may also be an urbanised settlement within or near the capital city or a town, or part of the public housing estates. The population varies from hundreds to a few thousands.
San Vicente Ferrer, Querétaro
San Vicente Ferrer is a settlement in El Marqués, Querétaro, Mexico. It is named for Saint Vincent Ferrer.

In 2023, the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas declared the Peña Colorada a protected area, which in part aided the preservation of San Vicente Ferrer's archaeological site. The same year, Governor Mauricio Kuri González headed the development of State Highway 540 between San Vicente Ferrer and Chichimequillas.

El Marqués
El Marqués is a municipality in the Mexican state of Querétaro. It receives its name from Juan Antonio de Urrutia y Arana, the Marquis of the Villa del Villar del Águila, who built the aqueduct that supplied water to Querétaro for centuries. Its seat is the city of La Cañada. It forms part of the metropolitan area of Querétaro and has many state-of-the-art industrial parks and Querétaro International Airport.

16°47′44″N 99°49′14″W﻿ / ﻿16.7956°N 99.8206°W﻿ / 16.7956; -99.8206
Beilstein test
The Beilstein test is a simple qualitative chemical test for organic halides. It was developed by Friedrich Konrad Beilstein.

A copper wire is cleaned and heated in a Bunsen burner flame to form a coating of copper(II) oxide. It is then dipped in the sample to be tested and once again heated in a flame. A positive test is indicated by a green flame caused by the formation of a copper halide.  The test does not detect fluorine/fluorides.

This test is no longer frequently used. One reason why it is not widely used is that it is possible to generate the highly toxic chloro-dioxins if the test material is a polychloroarene.

An alternative wet test for halide is the sodium fusion test — this test converts organic material to inorganic salts include the sodium halide. Addition of silver nitrate solution causes any halides to precipitate as the respective silver halide.

Sodium fusion test
The sodium fusion test, or Lassaigne's test, is used in elemental analysis for the qualitative determination of the presence of foreign elements, namely halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur, in an organic compound. It was developed by J. L. Lassaigne.

The test involves heating the sample with sodium metal, "fusing" it with the sample. A variety of techniques has been described. The "fused" sample is plunged into water, and the qualitative tests are performed on the resultant solution for the respective possible constituents.
Pencoedtre
Pencoedtre or Pencoetre, also known as Pencoedtre Village, is a northeastern suburb of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It borders Gibbonsdown to the southwest and Cadoxton to the south. It has developed from a small farming hamlet into an extensive housing estate in recent years. Pencoedtre Wood is one of the largest areas of woodland in the town, and is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.  Pencoedtre Park is located between Pencoedtre and Gibbonsdown.

Gibbonsdown
Gibbonsdown, colloquially known as 'Gibby', is a residential area and electoral ward situated in the north east of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. Gibbonsdown borders Merthyr Dyfan to the northwest and Cadoxton to the southeast.
Afro-Germans
Afro-Germans (German: Afrodeutsche) or Black Germans (German: schwarze Deutsche) are German citizens who have ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa.

Cities such as Hamburg and Frankfurt, which were formerly centres of occupation forces following World War II and more recent immigration, have substantial Afro-German communities. With modern trade and migration, communities such as Frankfurt, Berlin, Munich, and Cologne have an increasing number of Afro-Germans. The German census does not use race as a category. The number of persons "having an extended migrant background" (mit Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn, meaning having at least one grandparent born outside Germany), is reported as over 1,000,000. The Initiative Schwarzer Deutscher ("Black German Initiative") estimates the total of Germans with African ancestry to be over 1,000,000 persons.

In total at least 711 000 people of Subsharan-African origin.

Hans Massaquoi
Hans-Jürgen Massaquoi (January 19, 1926 – January 19, 2013) was a German-Americo-Liberian journalist and author. He was born in Hamburg, Germany, to a German mother and a Liberian father of Vai ethnicity, the grandson of Momulu Massaquoi, the consul general of Liberia in Germany at the time.

His autobiography Destined to Witness: Growing Up Black in Nazi Germany was published in 1999 (in English). Its German translation was published the same year, as Neger, Neger, Schornsteinfeger: Meine Kindheit in Deutschland. The title references a racist rhyme with which schoolboys taunted him in 1932. The German version was adapted as a film Destined to Witness (2006). He later published a second autobiography, only in German: Hänschen klein, ging allein: Mein Weg in die Neue Welt (2004).
Belleville Transit
Belleville Transit is the public transit operator in Belleville, Ontario, Canada and is one of the services provided by the city's Engineering & Public Works Department. Buses operate between 5:00am and 10:30pm on Monday to Friday, with reduced service on the weekend; from 6:50am to 6:15pm on Saturday and 9:00am to 6:00pm on Sunday. There is no service on statutory holidays.

Nova Bus LFS
The Nova Bus LFS (an initialism of Low Floor Series) is a series of transit buses manufactured by Nova Bus for the North American market since 1996. It is produced in 40' rigid and 62' articulated (nominal) lengths with a variety of powertrains, including conventionally-fueled (diesel and natural gas), hybrid diesel-electric, and battery-electric. The LFS is the first transit bus designed by Nova Bus.

As of 2026, the LFS series is available exclusively in Canada; it was previously available in the United States from 1996 to 2002, and from 2009 to 2025.
FC Barcelona Atlètic
Futbol Club Barcelona Atlètic, commonly referred to as Barcelona B, Barça Atlètic or Barça B, is a football team based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes in Segunda Federación – Group 3, the fourth tier of the Spanish league system. Founded in 1970, it is the reserve team of FC Barcelona and it plays its home fixtures at Johan Cruyff Stadium.

Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as the senior team, rather than in a reserve team league. They must play at least one level below their main side, and they are not eligible to play in the Copa del Rey.

Primera Federación
The Primera Federación, officially the Primera Federación Versus e-Learning for sponsorship reasons (formerly known as Primera RFEF), is the third tier of the Spanish football league system beginning with the 2021–22 season. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is below the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga Hypermotion), above the Segunda Federación and Tercera Federación. It is the highest level of semi-professional football in Spain.
Nativeland
NATIVELAND is an annual music festival in Lagos, Nigeria, and organized by The Native. The platform was established to bring together the best of pop culture, music, art, food, style, sports, and education in the Nigerian entertainment industry. In 2020, Billboard Magazine named NATIVELAND as one of The Gatekeepers of the Nigerian music industry.

Cruel Santino
Osayaba Andrew Ize-Iyamu, better known by his stage name Cruel Santino, (born June 3, 1992) is a Nigerian alternative singer-songwriter, rapper and director. He is a member of Monster Boys collective, with music producers Genio Bambino, and GMK. He was signed to Interscope Records, in partnership with Monster Boy, and Warner Chappell Music. Santino's debut into the music scene was met with critical acclaim when he released his studio album Mandy & The Jungle, introducing the alté fashion, and music, into the mainstream, notably with his track "Rapid Fire".
Stoholm
Stoholm is a railway town in Viborg Municipality, Denmark, located 15 km southeast of Skive, 28 km north of Karup and 18 km west of Viborg.

Stoholm was the municipal seat of the now abolished Fjends Municipality.

Skive, Denmark
Skive is a town in Skive municipality (Danish, Skive Kommune) in Region Midtjylland at the base of Salling Peninsula, a part of the larger Jutland peninsula in northwest Denmark.  It is the municipality's main town and the site of its municipal council.

The town of Skive is located at the mouth of the Karup River (Karup Å) and the Skive Fjord, part of the Limfjord. Skive has a population of 20,090 (1 January 2025).

The sociologist Richard Jenkins used his field work in Skive as the basis for his book Being Danish: Paradoxes of Identity in Everyday Life.
Molecular Cytogenetics
Molecular Cytogenetics is a continuous, open access, peer-reviewed journal covering research into cytogenetics and its applications throughout the fields of biology and medicine. It was established in 2008 and is published by BioMed Central. The editors-in-chief are Thomas Liehr (Institute of Human Genetics), Henry Heng (Wayne State University School of Medicine), and Yuri Yurov (National Research Center of Mental Health). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 1.506.

Cytogenetics
Cytogenetics is essentially a branch of genetics, but is also a part of cell biology/cytology (a subdivision of human anatomy), that is concerned with how the chromosomes relate to cell behaviour, particularly to their behaviour during mitosis and meiosis. Techniques used include karyotyping, analysis of G-banded chromosomes, other cytogenetic banding techniques, as well as molecular cytogenetics such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH).
Tesla Dojo
Tesla Dojo is a series of supercomputers designed and built by Tesla for computer vision video processing and recognition.  It was used for training Tesla's machine learning models to improve its Full Self-Driving (FSD) advanced driver-assistance system. It went into production in July 2023.

Dojo's goal was to efficiently process millions of terabytes of video data captured from real-life driving situations from Tesla's 4+ million cars. This goal led to a considerably different architecture than conventional supercomputer designs.

In August 2025, Bloomberg News reported that the Dojo project had been disbanded, though it was later restarted in January 2026.

Half-precision floating-point format
Half precision (sometimes called FP16 or float16) is a binary floating-point computer number format that occupies 16 bits (two bytes in modern computers) in computer memory. It is intended for storage of floating-point values in applications where higher precision is not essential, in particular image processing and neural networks.

Almost all modern uses follow the IEEE 754-2008 standard, where the 16-bit base-2 format is referred to as binary16, and the exponent uses 5 bits. This can express values in the range ±65,504, with the minimum value above 1 being 1 + 1/1024.
Elaphrosaurus
Elaphrosaurus (/ɛˌlɑːfroʊˈsɔːrəs/ el-AH-froh-SOR-əs) is a genus of ceratosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 155 to 145 million years ago during the Late Jurassic Period in what is now Tanzania in Africa. Elaphrosaurus was a medium-sized but lightly built member of the group that could grow up to 6.2 m (20 ft) long. Morphologically, this dinosaur is significant in two ways. Firstly, it has a relatively long body but is very shallow-chested for a theropod of its size. Secondly, it has very short hindlimbs in comparison with its body. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that this genus is likely a ceratosaur. Earlier suggestions that it is a late surviving coelophysoid have been examined but generally dismissed. Elaphrosaurus is currently believed to be a very close relative of Limusaurus, an unusual beaked ceratosaurian which may have been either herbivorous or omnivorous.

Coeluridae
Coeluridae is a historically unnatural group of generally small, carnivorous dinosaurs from the late Jurassic Period. For many years, any small Jurassic or Cretaceous theropod that did not belong to one of the more specialized families recognized at the time was classified with the coelurids, creating a confusing array of 'coelurid' theropods that were not closely related. Although they have been traditionally included in this family, there is no evidence that any of these primitive coelurosaurs form a natural group with Coelurus, the namesake of Coeluridae, to the exclusion of other traditional coelurosaur groups.
Congregation for Borders
The Congregation for Borders (Congregazione dei Confini) was a congregation of the Roman Curia. It was set up by Pope Urban VIII in his apostolic constitution Debitum pastoralis officii on 1 October 1627 to oversee the borders of the Papal States. It was suppressed in 1847.

Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; Italian: Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts, commissioning works from artists like Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and a reformer of Church missions. His papacy also covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War.

The massive debts incurred during his pontificate greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and was involved in the Galileo affair, which saw the astronomer tried for heresy. He is the last pope to date to take the papal name Urban.
Buser al-Harir
Buser al-Harir (Arabic: بصّر الحرير, Buṣr al-Ḥarīr, also spelled Busra al-Harir, Basr al-Harir, Busra Hariri) is a town in southern Syria, part of the Daraa Governorate situated in the Hauran plain. It is located northeast of Daraa and northwest of Suwayda. Nearby localities include Mlaihat al-Atash to the southwest, ash-Shaykh Miskin to the west, Izraa to the northwest, Harran to the northeast, Najran to the east, al-Mazraa to the southeast and Nahtah to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Buser al-Harir had a population of 13,315 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Izraa
Izraa or Izra (Arabic: إِزْرَع, romanized: Izraʿ) is a city in the Daraa Governorate of Syria, to the north of the city of Daraa. It is the administrative centre of the Izraa District, and sits at an altitude of 599 metres. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Izraa had a population of 19,158 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("subdistrict") consisting of 21 localities with a combined population of 56,760 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims, while Christians constitute a large minority.