hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ghulam Kadir
Ghulam Kadir (1767/1769 – 3 March 1789), fully Ghulam Abd al Qadir Ahmed Khan, was a leader of the Afghan Rohilla during the late 18th century in the time of the Mughal Empire. He is particularly known for blinding the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and occupying and plundering Delhi for two and a half months in 1788.

Jadunath Sarkar
Sir Jadunath Sarkar, CIE, FRAS (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent Indian historian and a specialist on the Mughal dynasty.

Sarkar was educated in English literature and worked as a teacher for some time but later shifted his focus to history research writing.
He had vast knowledge of the Persian language, and he wrote all his books in English. He was vice-chancellor (VC) of the University of Calcutta from 1926 to 1928 and a member of the Bengal Legislative Council between 1929 and 1932. In 1929 the British knighted him.
Baháʼí Faith in Tonga
The Baháʼí Faith in Tonga started after being set as a goal to introduce the religion in 1953, and Baháʼís arrived in 1954. With conversions and pioneers the first Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assembly was elected in 1958. From 1959 the Baháʼís of Tonga and their local institutions were members of a Regional Spiritual Assembly of the South Pacific. By 1963 there were five local assemblies. Less than forty years later, in 1996, the Baháʼís of Tonga established their paramount Baháʼí school in the form of the Ocean of Light International School. Around 2004 there were 29 local spiritual assemblies. The 2015 estimate of the World Religion Database ranked the Baháʼís at 3.5% of the national population, though as recently as 2006 the Tonga Broadcasting Commission maintained a policy that does not allow discussions by members of the Baháʼí Faith of its founder, Baháʼu'lláh on its radio broadcasts.

Nukuʻalofa
Nukuʻalofa (/ˌnuːkuəˈloʊfə/ NOO-koo-ə-LOH-fə, Tongan: [nukuʔaˈlofa]) is the capital and largest city of Tonga. It is located on the north coast of the island of Tongatapu, in the country's southernmost island group.
Dayton City School
Dayton City School (DCS) is a municipal school district in Dayton, Tennessee which consists of a single K-8 school.

The district's attendance boundary is the city limits of Dayton. High school students attend Rhea County High School, operated by Rhea County Schools.

Rhea County High School
Rhea County High School is a high school in Evensville, Tennessee.  It serves Rhea County, Tennessee, which includes Dayton, Spring City and Graysville. It has an enrollment of 1,469. Its mascot is a golden eagle. It is a part of Rhea County Schools.
Gröbenzell
Gröbenzell (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁøːbn̩tsɛl] ⓘ) is a municipality and suburb to Munich in the district Fürstenfeldbruck, in Bavaria, Germany. It was founded in 1952, and has a population of 19,202. Gröbenzell is often called a garden city, which is also illustrated by the two flowers in the coat of arms.

Gröbenzell is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Germany and is the most populous municipality in the district of Fürstenfeldbruck without city status. There are no further municipal subdivisions. Gröbenzell was founded as a political municipality. In doing so, parts of municipalities from Munich, Puchheim, Olching, and Geiselbullach were merged into one location around the Gröbenzell train station.

Fürstenfeldbruck (district)
Fürstenfeldbruck is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Munich and the districts of Munich, Starnberg, Landsberg, Aichach-Friedberg and Dachau.
Houston Premium Outlets
Houston Premium Outlets is an outlet mall in Cypress, Texas, United States. It is developed and owned by Simon Property Group. The mall started construction in May 2007 and opened on March 27, 2008, with 120 outlet stores. Houston Premium Outlets has about 430,000 square feet (40,000 m2) of retail space.

Simon Property Group
Simon Media Properties, LLC, doing business as Simon Property Group, Inc., is an American real estate investment trust that invests in shopping malls, outlet centers, and community/lifestyle centers. It is the largest owner of shopping malls in the United States and is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana. As of December 31, 2024, it owned  interests in 232 properties.
Central Methodist Church, Cape Town
The Central Methodist Church, also known as the Central Methodist Mission or Metropolitan Methodist Church, is a large and historically important Methodist church located on Greenmarket Square in Cape Town, South Africa. The church has played a significant role in the growth of Methodism in South Africa. In 1988, the Metropolitan Church merged with Buitenkant Street Church, forming the Central Methodist Mission.

Methodist Church of Southern Africa
The Methodist Church of Southern Africa (MCSA) is a large Wesleyan Methodist denomination, with local churches across South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho and Eswatini, and a more limited presence in Mozambique. It is a member church of the World Methodist Council.

The church is the largest mainline Protestant denomination in South Africa – 7.3% of the South African population recorded their religious affiliation as 'Methodist' in the last national census. The denomination has nearly 2 million members.
Clue J & His Blues Blasters
Clue J & His Blues Blasters were a Jamaican band of the late 1950s and early 1960s led by Cluett Johnson, who were one of the first bands to play ska. Several of the band's members went on to join The Skatalites.

The Skatalites
The Skatalites are a ska band from Jamaica. They played initially between 1963 and 1965, and recorded many of their best known songs in the period, including "Guns of Navarone". They also played on records by Prince Buster and backed many other Jamaican artists who recorded during that period, including Bob Marley & The Wailers, on their first single "Simmer Down". They reformed in 1983 and have played together ever since.
Trolls (franchise)
Trolls is an American animated media franchise created by DreamWorks Animation, inspired by the successful line of Troll doll toys created by Thomas Dam. It follows the adventures of a pair of trolls named Poppy and Branch (voiced respectively by Anna Kendrick and Justin Timberlake) as they live among their village of pop-singing trolls. The franchise consists of three feature films, Trolls, released in 2016, Trolls World Tour, released in 2020, and Trolls Band Together, released in 2023. The franchise has been supplemented by two holiday television specials titled Trolls Holiday and Trolls: Holiday in Harmony, and two animated series: Trolls: The Beat Goes On! on Netflix, and Trolls: TrollsTopia on Hulu and Peacock.

Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger
Jonathan Robert Aibel (born August 6, 1969 in Demarest, New Jersey) and Glenn Todd Berger (born August 26, 1969 in Smithtown, New York) are American screenwriters and producers, who are best known for writing the Kung Fu Panda movies, The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water, Trolls, and its sequel Trolls World Tour.
Union Pacific class MK-1
The Union Pacific class MK-1 was a class of 2-8-2 'Mikado' type steam locomotives that were built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works originally for the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (OR&N), Oregon Short Line Railroad (OSL) and Union Pacific Railroad (UP) in 1910 and 1911.

2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. This configuration of steam locomotive is most often referred to as a Mikado, frequently shortened to Mike.

It was also at times referred to on some railroads in the United States as the McAdoo Mikado and, during World War II, the MacArthur.

The notation 2-8-2T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.
Navin Param
Navin Michael S Param (born 21 October 1995) is a Singaporean cricketer who plays for the national cricket team.

He was a member of Singapore's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad that played the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier tournament. In September 2019, he was named in Singapore's squad for the 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament. He made his List A debut for Singapore, against Denmark, in the 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament on 19 September 2019.

Later in September 2019, he was named in Singapore's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for the 2019–20 Singapore Tri-Nation Series. He made his T20I debut against Nepal, in the Singapore Tri-Nation Series on 28 September 2019. In October 2019, he was named in Singapore's squad for the 2019 ICC T20 World Cup Qualifier tournament in the United Arab Emirates. He was the leading run-scorer for Singapore in the tournament, with 158 runs in six matches.

2019 Cricket World Cup Challenge League A (Malaysia)
The 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A was the inaugural edition of Group A of the 2019–2022 Cricket World Cup Challenge League, a cricket tournament which formed part of the qualification pathway to the 2023 Cricket World Cup. In July 2019, the International Cricket Council (ICC) confirmed that the Malaysia Cricket Association would host the tournament. The series took place between 16 and 26 September 2019, with all the matches having List A status.

On the penultimate day of the tournament, Vanuatu were bowled out for 65 runs against Malaysia. In reply, Vanuatu managed to dismiss Malaysia for 52 runs, recording the lowest team total defended by any side in a List A cricket match.

Canada won the series, after finishing ahead of Singapore on net run rate, with both teams level on points.
Fifeshire Militia
The Fifeshire Militia was an auxiliary regiment raised in Fifeshire, Scotland, in 1798. It served in home defence during the Napoleonic Wars and again during the Crimean War when it was converted into an artillery unit as the Fifeshire Artillery Militia. It served in home defence again during the Indian Mutiny and the Second Boer War. It was disbanded in 1909.

Halkett baronets
There have been two Halkett Baronetcies, both in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia — one in 1662 for Charles Halkett and the other in 1697 for politician Peter Wedderburn, who changed his name to Halkett in 1705. Both baronetcies are extinct.
Asadabad-e Sofla, Lorestan
Asadabad-e Sofla (Persian: اسدآباد سفلي, also Romanized as Asadābād-e Soflá; also known as Asadābād-e Pā'īn) is a village in Nurali Rural District, in the Central District of Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 88, in 18 families.

Nurali Rural District
Nurali Rural District (Persian: دهستان نورعلي) is in the Central District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Firuzvand-e Vosta. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Azizabad-e Pain.
2014 Men's EuroHockey Junior Championship
The 2014 Men's EuroHockey Junior Championship was the 17th edition of the men's EuroHockey Junior Championship, the biennial international men's under-21 field hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held alongside the women's tournament in Waterloo, Belgium between 20 and 26 July 2014.

The tournament served as a qualifier for the 2016 Men's Hockey Junior World Cup, held in Lucknow, India in December 2016.

Netherlands won the tournament for the eighth time by defeating Germany 5–2 in the final. England won the bronze medal by defeating the defending champions Belgium 4–3 in a shoot-out following a 1–1 draw.

Waterloo, Belgium
Waterloo (French pronunciation: [watɛʁlo] ⓘ; Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːtərloː] ⓘ; Walloon: Waterlô) is a municipality in Wallonia, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium, which in 2011 had a population of 29,706 and an area of 21.03 km2 (8.12 sq mi).

Waterloo lies a short distance south of Brussels and immediately south of the official language border between Flanders and Wallonia. Waterloo is most famous for being the site of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, where Napoleon was defeated in the War of the Seventh Coalition.
Tiger rattlesnake
The tiger rattlesnake (Crotalus tigris) is a venomous pit viper species found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. No subspecies are currently recognized. The specific name tigris, (Latin for 'tiger'), refers to the many narrow dorsal crossbands, which create a pattern of vertical stripes when viewed from the side.

Leonhard Stejneger
Leonhard Hess Stejneger (30 October 1851 – 28 February 1943) was a Norwegian-born American ornithologist, herpetologist  and zoologist. Stejneger specialized in vertebrate natural history studies. He gained his greatest reputation with reptiles and amphibians.
2020 OV1
2020 OV1 is a near-Earth object of the Atira group. It was discovered at r=20.2 mag on 2020 July 19 by the Zwicky Transient Facility using the 1.2-m f/2.4 Schmidt. As of 2023, this minor planet has neither been numbered nor named by the Minor Planet Center.

2020 OV1 orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.5–0.8 AU once every 6 months (186 days; semi-major axis of 0.64 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.25 and a relatively high inclination of 33° with respect to the ecliptic. The orbital evolution of 2020 OV1 indicates that it is comfortably entrenched within the Atira orbital realm, but it might have arrived there relatively recently.

Atira asteroid
Atira asteroids /əˈtɪrə/ or Apohele asteroids, also known as interior-Earth objects (IEOs), are Near-Earth objects whose orbits are entirely confined within Earth's orbit; that is, their orbit has an aphelion (farthest point from the Sun) smaller than Earth's perihelion (nearest point to the Sun), which is 0.983 astronomical units (AU). Atira asteroids are by far the least numerous group of near-Earth objects, compared to the more populous Aten, Apollo and Amor asteroids.
Höchstadt
Höchstadt an der Aisch (German pronunciation: [ˈhøːçʃtat ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʔaɪʃ], lit. 'Höchstadt on the Aisch'), commonly known as Höchstadt ([ˈhøːçʃtat] ⓘ), is a town in the Erlangen-Höchstadt district, in Bavaria, Germany.

Erlangen-Höchstadt
Erlangen-Höchstadt is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Fürth, Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim, Bamberg, Forchheim and Nürnberger Land, and by the cities of Nuremberg and Erlangen. The city of Erlangen is not part of the district, but nonetheless its administrative seat.
Xaythany district
Xaythany is a district of Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.

A new airport will be built here to allow increased global connectivity, replacing the current Wattay International Airport in Sikhottabong district.

Sikhottabong district
Sikhottabong (Lao: ເມືອງສີໂຄດຕະບອງ, pronounced [mɯ́aŋ sǐː kʰôːt.tā.bɔ̀ːŋ]) is a district of Vientiane Prefecture, Laos. With the population of 138,655 in 2020, the district contains Wattay International Airport, the busiest airport in Laos which began its operations in 1999. The area has also seen significant investment from Japan as a result of the airport.
Todd Graham
Michael Todd Graham (born December 5, 1964) is an American college football coach and former player who serves as an offensive analyst for Texas Christian University (TCU). He was previously the head football coach at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

Rich Rodriguez
Richard Alan Rodriguez (/rɒd.ˈriː.ɡjɛz/; born May 24, 1963), also known as Rich Rod, is an American college football coach and former player. He is the current head football coach at West Virginia University, his second stint with his alma mater. Rodriguez previously was the head football coach at Salem University, Glenville State College, the University of Michigan, the University of Arizona, and Jacksonville State University. In 2011, Rodriguez worked as an analyst for CBS Sports.
UVV Utrecht
UVV Utrecht is a sports club based in Utrecht, the Netherlands. It was founded in 1902 in a merger between several clubs that date back to 1893. In 2009, the club removed its former acronym, Utrechtse Voetbal Vereniging (Utrecht Football Association), and is now known by the three letters UVV. The club has teams in the following sports: football, tennis, baseball, softball, and beach volleyball.

The baseball team competes in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse, the top Dutch league. The team plays at the Sportpark Paperclip. The UVV baseball stadium has a capacity of 1,000. The baseball team was formerly named UVV Pickles due to an advertising agreement. The club rejoined the Hoofdklasse in 2023, replacing Silicon Storks.

The club's top men's football team competes in the amateur Vierde Klasse, the ninth tier of Dutch club football. The women's team plays in the amateur Eerste Klasse, the fourth tier of Dutch club football.

Storks (sports club)
Storks is a baseball and softball team based in The Hague, The Netherlands. Storks' baseball team plays in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse, the top level of baseball in the Netherlands. The club also won three consecutive Dutch softball titles, winning the 2004, 2005 and 2006 Holland Series.
Valmozzola
Valmozzola (Parmigiano: Valmùsla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 119 kilometres (74 mi) west of Bologna and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Parma.

Valmozzola borders the following municipalities: Bardi, Berceto, Borgo Val di Taro, Solignano, Varsi.

Varsi
Varsi (Parmigiano: Värz) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) west of Bologna and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Parma.
1920 Five Nations Championship
The 1920 Five Nations Championship was the sixth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship following the inclusion of France into the Home Nations Championship, and the first played since the 1914 Games due to World War I. Including the previous Home Nations Championships, this was the thirty-third series of the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 1 January and 3 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Scotland missed out on a first Grand Slam after losing to England at Twickenham.

1914 Five Nations Championship
The 1914 Five Nations Championship was the fifth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship following the inclusion of France into the Home Nations Championship. Including the previous Home Nations Championships, this was the thirty-second series of the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Nine matches were played between 1 January and 13 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
Bihari Rajput
Rajputs in Bihar are members of the Rajput community living in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. The Rajputs in Bihar are addressed by titles such as ‘Babuaan’ They traditionally formed part of the feudal elite in Bihari society. Rajputs were pressed with the Zamindari abolition and Bhoodan movement in post-independence India; along with other Forward castes, they lost their significant position in Bihar's agrarian society, leading to the rise of Other Backward Classes (OBCs).

Gidhaur chieftaincy
The Gidhaur Chieftaincy was a principality which controlled parts of South Bihar for much of the early-modern period. The chieftaincy was ruled by the Chandela clan of the Rajputs and its territory involved present day Jamui district, Deoghar district and part of Munger district.
Aakjaer
Aakjær is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jeppe Aakjær (1866–1930), Danish poet and novelist

Lauritz Petersen Aakjær (1883–1959), Danish architect

Nanna Aakjær (1874–1962), Danish carpenter and woodcarver

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Bullet (software)
Bullet is a physics engine which simulates collision detection as well as soft and rigid body dynamics. It has been used in video games and for visual effects in movies. Erwin Coumans, its main author, won a Scientific and Technical Academy Award for his work on Bullet.  He worked for Sony Computer Entertainment US R&D from 2003 until 2010, for AMD until 2014, for Google until 2022 and he now works for Nvidia.

The Bullet physics library is free and open-source software subject to the terms of the zlib License. The source code is hosted on GitHub; before 2014 it was hosted on Google Code.

Collision detection
Collision detection is the computational problem of detecting an intersection of two or more objects in virtual space. More precisely, it deals with the questions of if, when and where two or more objects intersect. Collision detection is a classic problem of computational geometry with applications in computer graphics, physical simulation, video games, robotics (including autonomous driving) and computational physics. Collision detection algorithms can be divided into operating on 2D or 3D spatial objects.
Siphulastrum
Siphulastrum is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. It has five species. The genus was circumscribed by Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1889, with S. triste assigned as the type species.

Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). It refers to the fact that starch gives a similar reaction, also called an amyloid reaction. The test can be on microscopic features, such as spore walls or hyphal walls, or the apical apparatus or entire ascus wall of an ascus, or be a macroscopic reaction on tissue where a drop of the reagent is applied. Negative reactions, called inamyloid or nonamyloid, are for structures that remain pale yellow-brown or clear. A reaction producing a deep reddish to reddish-brown staining is either termed a dextrinoid reaction (pseudoamyloid is a synonym) or a hemiamyloid reaction.
Lei Cheng Uk Estate
Lei Cheng Uk Estate (Chinese: 李鄭屋邨; Jyutping: Lei5 Zeng6 Uk1 Cyun1; Cantonese Yale: Léihjehng'ūk Chyūn) is a public housing estate and Tenants Purchase Scheme estate in Lei Cheng Uk, downhill from Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong, located near the So Uk Estate. Since the redevelopment in 1980s, the estate consists of 10 residential buildings completed in 1984, 1989 and 1990 respectively. In 2002, some of the flats were sold to tenants through Tenants Purchase Scheme Phase 5. The estate is now managed by Hong Kong Housing Society.

So Uk Estate
So Uk Estate (Chinese: 蘇屋邨; Cantonese Yale: Sōuūk Chyūn) is an early public housing estate in So Uk, a hillside area of Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The estate has undergone redevelopment, and new housing blocks are being built in place of the ones demolished.