hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel H. Wragg
Samuel H. Wragg (June 9, 1882 – May 13, 1959) was an American politician who served as President of the Massachusetts Senate from 1937 to 1939 and sheriff of Norfolk County, Massachusetts, from 1939 to 1959.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
GY6 engine
The GY6 engine design is a  four-stroke single-cylinder in a near-horizontal orientation that is used on a number of small motorcycles or scooters made in Taiwan, China, and other southeast Asian countries. It has since become a generic technology. Kymco went on to produce Honda clones such as the Pulsar (CB125), made to Honda standards, as part of their range.

Honda's KCW125 (the commercial name in Japan is "Spacy") was modified by Taiwan's Kwang Yang Motor Co., Ltd. (KYMCO), under Honda's consultancy, and became a standard model called the GY6, which various Taiwan makers imitated and minor-changed. Apparently, vehicles of this model were imported from Taiwan by various manufacturers and traders, and spread mainly in the southern coastal regions of China.

Single-cylinder engine
A single-cylinder engine, sometimes called a thumper, is a piston engine with one cylinder. This engine is often used for motorcycles, motor scooters, motorized bicycles, go-karts, all-terrain vehicles, radio-controlled vehicles, power tools and garden machinery (such as chainsaws, lawn mowers, cultivators, and string trimmers). Single-cylinder engines are made both as 4-strokes and 2-strokes.
Patsy Gormley
Patrick James Gormley (8 December 1932 – 25 August 2022) was a Gaelic footballer from Northern Ireland. At club level he played with Claudy and was also a member of the Derry senior football team. Gormley usually lined out as a goalkeeper.

Ulster Junior Football Championship
The Ulster Junior Football Championship is a junior Gaelic football knockout competition organised by the Ulster GAA. The competition began in 1914, with Cavan winning during the inaugural title. The most successful county to date is Cavan, who have won on fourteen occasions. The championship was last played in 2023 with the team from Arva Cavan emerging victorious. A number of counties such as Cavan and Fermanagh have participated in the Leinster and Connacht championships in recent years.

The winners of the Ulster Junior Football Championship each year progressed to play the other provincial champions for a chance to win the All-Ireland Junior Football Championship.
Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)
Clacton is a constituency in Essex represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK. It is centred on and named after the seaside town of Clacton-on-Sea.

Deprivation index
A deprivation index or poverty index (or index of deprivation or index of poverty) is a data set used to measure relative deprivation (a measure of poverty) of small areas. Such indices are used in spatial epidemiology to identify socio-economic confounding.
Mikkaichi Domain
Mikkaichi Domain (三日市藩, Mikkaichi-han) was a fudai feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.   It is located in Echigo Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Mikkaichi Jin'ya, located in what is now part of the city of Shibata in Niigata Prefecture. The Shibata City Nanaha Middle School now occupies the site.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Lepidomuricea
Lepidomuricea is a genus of corals belonging to the family Plexauridae.

The species of this genus are found in Australia, India.

Species:

Lepidomuricea ramosa (Thomson & Henderson, 1906)

Lepidomuricea spicata (Thomson & Henderson, 1906)

Plexauridae
Plexauridae is a family of marine colonial octocorals in the phylum Cnidaria. Members of this family are found in shallow tropical and subtropical seas. Many species contain symbiotic photosynthetic protists called zooxanthellae.
1974–75 QMJHL season
The 1974–75 QMJHL season was the sixth season in the history of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. Ten teams played 72 games each in the schedule. The Sherbrooke Castors finished first overall in the regular season to capture the Jean Rougeau Trophy, and won the President's Cup, defeating the Laval National in the finals.

Gilles-Courteau Trophy
The Gilles-Courteau Trophy is awarded annually by the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League to the league's playoffs champion. On February 21, 2023, the President's Cup was renamed in honour of Gilles Courteau who announced his retirement as commissioner on December 16, 2022.
Álex González (shortstop, born 1977)
Alexander Luis González (born February 15, 1977) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball shortstop. González played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Florida Marlins (1998–2005), Boston Red Sox (2006, 2009), Cincinnati Reds (2007–2009), Toronto Blue Jays (2010), Atlanta Braves (2010–2011), Milwaukee Brewers (2012–2013) and Detroit Tigers (2014). He was given the nickname "Sea-bass" while playing in Florida. He bats and throws right-handed.

Walk-off home run
In baseball, a walk-off home run is a home run that ends the game. For a home run to end the game, it must be hit in the bottom of the final inning and generate enough runs to exceed the opponent's score. Because the opponent will not have an opportunity to score any more runs, there is no need to finish the inning and the team on defense will "walk off" the field while the player who hit the home run is rounding the bases. The winning runs must still touch all three bases and be counted at home plate. A variant of the walk-off home run, the walk-off grand slam, occurs when a grand slam exceeds the opponent's score in the bottom of the final inning and ends the game.
H-Eugene
Heo Eugene (Korean: 허유진; born April 6, 1979), better known by his stage name, H-Eugene (H-유진), is a South Korean rapper known for his collaborations with K-pop stars. The musicians he has collaborated with include MC Mong, Teddy Park, Miryo of Brown Eyed Girls, and Yenny of Wonder Girls. In 2010, he formed the duo H2 with singer Han Soo Yeon.

Park Ye-eun
Park Ye-eun (Korean: 박예은; born May 26, 1989), professionally known as Yeeun, Yenny, or Ha:tfelt, is a South Korean singer, songwriter and composer known for her work as a former member of South Korean girl group Wonder Girls. In July 2014, she made her debut as solo artist under the name Ha:tfelt with released her solo EP Me?. In early 2017, Wonder Girls officially disbanded due to contract expiration. Following the disbandment, Yeeun signed with Amoeba Culture to continue her career as solo artist.
Charles Mountfort
Charles Adnam Mountfort (9 February 1854 – 11 May 1941) was a notable New Zealand surveyor. He was born in Christchurch, New Zealand on 9 February 1854. He was the nephew of noted architect Benjamin Mountfort.

Mountfort died at Feilding on 11 May 1941, and was buried at Feilding Cemetery.

Benjamin Mountfort
Benjamin Woolfield Mountfort (13 March 1825 – 15 March 1898) was an English emigrant to New Zealand, where he became one of the country's most prominent 19th-century architects. He was instrumental in shaping the city of Christchurch's unique architectural identity and culture, and was appointed the first official Provincial Architect of the developing province of Canterbury. Heavily influenced by the Anglo-Catholic philosophy behind early Victorian architecture, he is credited with importing the Gothic Revival style to New Zealand. His Gothic designs constructed in both wood and stone in the province are considered unique to New Zealand. Today, he is considered the founding architect of the province of Canterbury.
Timeline of Shanghai Metro
This article lists the openings of lines, line segments, stations and fare schemes of the Shanghai Metro, a rapid transit system serving Shanghai, China, and one of the fastest-growing metro systems in the world. The first section opened in 1993, and the system currently has 818.63 kilometres (508.67 mi) of track in operation, making it one of the world's largest rapid transit systems by route length and second largest by number of stations.

Line 7 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 7 is a northwest–southeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. It connects the Baoshan District of Shanghai with the downtown core as well as the Pudong New Area and the Expo 2010 site. It currently runs from Meilan Lake in Baoshan District to Huamu Road in Pudong, which is near Shanghai New International Expo Center. Qihua Road serves as a terminus for trains returning to Chentai Road Depot. The line is colored orange on system maps.
Muscat Daily
Muscat Daily is an Omani newspaper founded in 2009 and based in Oman. Its print edition of is the largest-selling English daily in Oman, with nearly 33,500 copies sold each day from Sunday to Thursday, the working days of Oman. Apex Media provides its free weekly newspaper, TheWeek, to Muscat Daily subscribers each Thursday as their weekend edition. Muscat Daily is owned by Apex Media, an Omani publishing company with a history spanning nearly 40 years. Other publications by the Apex Media include the annual Business Directory and Tribute. Apex Media also undertakes occasional projects such as the Map of Oman, Apex Map of Muscat, and the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque coffee table book. Apex Media was founded in 1980 by its executive chairman, Omani businessman Saleh Zakwani.

The newspaper celebrated its first anniversary on October 13, 2010. The Muscat Daily is accessible online at muscatdaily.com.

Subscription business model
The subscription business model is a business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service. The model was pioneered by publishers of books and periodicals in the 17th century. It is particularly common now for digital products, which lend themselves more naturally toward a subscription model.

Subscriptions can be a more convenient, hassle-free transaction for consumers. However, due to inertia among some consumers, they may inadvertently pay for subscriptions that they no longer value because they do not realize that they are subscribed.
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests is an ecoregion, in the temperate coniferous forest biome,  which occupies the high mountain ranges of North Africa. The term is also a botanically recognized plant association in the African and Mediterranean literature.

Quercus rotundifolia
Quercus rotundifolia, the holm oak or ballota oak, is an evergreen oak native to the western Mediterranean region, with the majority of the population in the Iberian Peninsula and minor populations in Northwest Africa. The species was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1785. It is the typical species of the Iberian dehesa or montado, where its sweet-astringent acorns are a source of food for livestock, particularly the Iberian pig. Its acorns have also been used for human nourishment since the Neolithic era (7,000 BC). It is placed in section Ilex. Some authors described it as a subspecies of Quercus ilex.
Andy Kirk (footballer)
Andrew Robert Kirk (born 29 May 1979) is a Northern Irish professional football coach and former player who was previously the caretaker manager of Scottish Premiership club St Johnstone.

Kirk played for Glentoran, Heart of Midlothian, Boston United, Northampton Town, Yeovil Town, Dunfermline Athletic and Alloa Athletic. He was also capped by Northern Ireland.

He began his managerial career with Hearts Women before joining Brechin City in 2021. Kirk left Brechin in November 2023 to assist Craig Levein at St Johnstone.

NIFL Premiership
The NIFL Premiership, known as the Sports Direct Premiership for sponsorship purposes but most commonly called the Irish League and sometimes the Irish Premiership, is a professional association football league which operates as the highest division of the Northern Ireland Football League. The NIFL Premiership was established as the IFA Premiership in 2008 under the auspices of the Irish Football Association as the successor to the Irish Premier League, before the Northern Ireland Football League was created for the start of the 2013–14 season. At the end of the season, the champion club is presented with the Gibson Cup.

Linfield are the current champions, winning their 56th Irish League title in the 2024–25 season.
House of Venijamin Marinković
43°25′21″N 20°22′44″E﻿ / ﻿43.42250°N 20.37889°E﻿ / 43.42250; 20.37889

The house of Venijamin Marinković is located in the village of Devići in Ivanjica.

The house of Venijamin Marinković is an example of rural architecture in villages that are located at the foot of the mountain of Golija. Today, the monument is enlisted as an immovable cultural property.

Ivanjica
Ivanjica (Serbian Cyrillic: Ивањица, pronounced [ǐʋaɲitsa]) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of southwestern Serbia. As of 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 27,767 inhabitants. With an area of 1090 km2, it is the eighth largest municipality in Serbia.

Situated in the valley of Moravica river, Ivanjica has a predominantly hilly and mountainous terrain. It is surrounded by the mountain ranges of Golija, Javor, Mučanj, Čemerno and Radočelo. Ivanjica is known for cultural event Nušićijada which is taking place in the town annually.
First Unitarian Church (Stoneham, Massachusetts)
The First Unitarian Church is a historic former church building in Stoneham, Massachusetts.  One of Stoneham's more stylish Gothic Revival buildings, the Stick style wood structure was built in 1869 for a Unitarian congregation that was organized in 1858.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and included in the Central Square Historic District in 1990.  It presently houses the local Community Access Television organization.

Stoneham, Massachusetts
Stoneham (/ˈstoʊnəm/ STO-nəm) is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, nine miles (14 km) north of downtown Boston. Its population was 23,244 at the 2020 census. Its proximity to major highways and public transportation offers convenient access to Boston and the North Shore coastal region and beaches of Massachusetts. The town is the birthplace of the Olympic figure-skating medalist Nancy Kerrigan and is the location of the Stone Zoo.
James Traill (bishop)
James Traill DD (died 1783)  was an Anglican bishop in the second half of the 18th century.

A Scot, he held incumbencies at Horsleydown and West Ham. He was Chaplain to Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland who elevated him to the Bishopric of Down and Connor in 1765.

He died on 12 November 1783.

Bishop of Down and Connor
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Down and Connor (Irish: Easpag an Dúin agus Chonaire) is an episcopal title which takes its name from the town of Downpatrick (located in County Down) and the village of Connor (located in County Antrim) in Northern Ireland. The title is still used by the Catholic Church for the diocese of that name, but in the Church of Ireland it has been modified into other bishoprics.
Amiya Tagore
Amiya Tagore (née Roy (12 February 1908 – 13 November 1986) was a Bengali Rabindra Sangeet singer. She was amongst the few singers to learn directly from Rabindranath Tagore. She played the role of Pramada in Tagore's dance drama Mayar Khela which was directed by the composer himself. Later she became a member of the Tagore family through her marriage to Tagore's elder brother's grandson.

Tagore family
The Thakur family, anglicized as Tagore family was a prominent family from Bengal who were regarded as one of the consequential benefactors during the Bengali Renaissance. They were best known for their contribution substantially in the fields of business, social and religious reformation, literature, art, politics and music. The influence of Tagore family carried a significant amelioration in Bengali societies and is regarded as one of the reverenced families in modern day Bangladesh and India.
Nothopegia
Nothopegia is a genus of plants in the family Anacardiaceae, native to India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Out of 11 species only 8 are reported to occur in India. This genus is characterised by small deciduous trees with simple leaves, racemose inflorescence, unisexual tetramerous flowers and drupaceaous fruits  Except Nothopegia heyneana (Hook. f.) Gamble, all other species are restricted to the Western Ghats and SW India.

Species include:

Nothopegia acuminata J.Sinclair

Nothopegia aureofulva Bedd. ex Hook.f.

Nothopegia beddomei Gamble

Nothopegia castanaefolia (Roth) Ding Hou

Nothopegia colebrookeana (Wight) Blume

Nothopegia heyneana (Hook.f.) Gamble

Nothopegia monadelpha (Roxb.) Forman

Nothopegia sivagiriana Murugan & Manickam

Nothopegia travancorica Bedd. ex Hook.f.

Nothopegia vajravelui K.Ravik. & V.Lakshm.

Nothopegia beddomei
Nothopegia beddomei, also known as Western Ghats Top-Fruit Tree, is a species of plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is found in India and Sri Lanka. The tree is primarily found in the Western Ghats region of India, which extends along the western coast of the country, spanning states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

The Western Ghats Top-Fruit Tree is a 12-metre tall tree with a finely fissured, pinkish-brown bark and slender, hairless branches. Its leaves are simple, spirally arranged, narrow and glaucous beneath, with wavy margins and a papery texture, measuring 6–16 cm in length and 1.2-4.5 cm in width. The stalks are 0.6-1.5 cm long. The tree produces small, 4-lobed flowers in axillary racemes, with a compressed, top-shaped drupe containing one seed. This species is found in the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, with its flowering period occurring from April to June.

The tree is threatened by habitat loss.
2Cal
2Cal, formerly known as Two California Plaza, is a 750-foot (230 m) skyscraper in the Bunker Hill District of downtown Los Angeles, California, United States. The tower is part of the California Plaza project, consisting of two unique skyscrapers, One California Plaza and Two California Plaza. The Plaza is also home to the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art (MoCA), Colburn School of Performing Arts, the Los Angeles Omni Hotel, and a 1.5-acre (0.61 ha) water court.

Colburn School
The Colburn School is a private performing arts school in Los Angeles with a focus on music and dance. It consists of four divisions: the Conservatory of Music, Music Academy, Community School of Performing Arts, and the Trudl Zipper Dance Institute. Founded in 1950, the school is named after its principal benefactor, Richard D. Colburn.
Marta Sibina Camps
Marta Sibina Camps (born 15 May 1973) is a Spanish health activist, nurse, and member of the 11th and 12th legislatures of the Congress of Deputies. In 2004 she founded the magazine Cafè amb llet, which she also directed.

12th Congress of Deputies
The 12th Congress of Deputies was a meeting of the Congress of Deputies, the lower house of the Spanish Cortes Generales, with the membership determined by the results of the 2016 general election held on 26 June 2016. The congress met for the first time on 19 July 2016 and was dissolved prematurely on 5 March 2019.
Rivers of Maharashtra
The Rivers of Maharashtra form an important component of the geography, hydrology, and cultural identity of the state of Maharashtra, India. The state is mainly drained by three major river basins  the Godavari, Krishna, and Tapti (Tapi)  along with numerous tributaries and regional rivers emerging from the Western Ghats and the Satpura–Vindhya highlands. These rivers are essential for irrigation, drinking water, industry, ecology, and cultural traditions across Maharashtra.

Maharashtra's rivers flow either eastward toward the Bay of Bengal or westward into the Arabian Sea. Many major cities such as Pune, Kolhapur, Nashik, Nagpur, Nanded, Parbhani, and Sangli are situated on riverbanks, reflecting their historical significance in settlement patterns, agriculture, transport, and religious practices.

Panchganga River
The Panchganga River is one of the important rivers of India located in Maharashtra. In English, the name translates as "Five Rivers". It is a major tributary of Krishna River, which it flows into at Narsobawadi.
Darren Rafferty
Darren Rafferty (born 1 July 2003) is an Irish cyclist who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam EF Education–EasyPost. He was the 2024 Irish National Road Race champion, becoming the first Irish-born winner of the elite men's road race since Damien Shaw in 2015.

Chrono des Nations
Chrono des Nations – Les Herbiers Vendée is a single-day individual time trial road bicycle race held annually in October in Les Herbiers, Vendée, France. Since 2005, the race is organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour.

It was originally called Chrono des Herbiers but in 2006 the race merged with the now defunct Grand Prix des Nations to create the currently called Chrono des Nations.
Love number
The Love numbers (h, k, and l) are dimensionless parameters that measure the rigidity of a planetary body or other gravitating object, and the susceptibility of its shape to change in response to an external tidal potential.

In 1909, Augustus Edward Hough Love introduced the values h and k which characterize the overall elastic response of the Earth to the tides—Earth tides or body tides. Later, in 1912, Toshi Shida added a third Love number, l, which was needed to obtain a complete overall description of the solid Earth's response to the tides.

Stiffness
Stiffness is the extent to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force.

The inverse of stiffness is flexibility or pliability: the more flexible an object is, the less stiff it is. Other terms with similar meanings are compliance and elasticity.
Giessenlanden
Giessenlanden (Dutch: [ˈɣisə(n)ˌlɑndə(n)] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covered an area of 65.11 km2 (25.14 sq mi) of which 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) is water, and had a population of data missing as of 2021. The municipality included communities of Arkel, Giessen-Oudekerk, Giessenburg, Hoogblokland, Hoornaar, Noordeloos and Schelluinen.

Cees Bakker was the first mayor of Giessenlanden.

On 1 January 2019, it merged with Molenwaard to form the new municipality of Molenlanden.

Giessen-Oudekerk
Giessen-Oudekerk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɣisənˈʌudəkɛr(ə)k, -səˈʔʌu-]) is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and lies about 8 km west of Gorinchem.

The statistical area "Giessen-Oudekerk", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 890.