hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Normans Bay
Normans Bay (Normans' Bay on Ordnance Survey maps) is a coastal fishing hamlet in Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex, England.

The 8th Duke of Devonshire donated this land for a combined school and place of worship in the 1860s to be known as Pevensey Sluice. It was later renamed Normans Bay when the railway halt of that name was first opened in 1905.

Normans Bay is near the popular seaside resorts of Eastbourne and Brighton to the west, with a regular service at Normans Bay railway station. The nearest bus service is in Pevensey Bay.

Some points of interest include a sand and shingle beach, Martello tower 55, two caravan sites and a The Star Inn public house. To the north is protected marshland known as Pevensey Levels, and the abandoned medieval village of Northeye.

Northeye
Northeye is the site of an abandoned medieval village known as Hooe Level on the Pevensey Levels, west of Bexhill-on-Sea. The village is mentioned as a dependent limb of the Cinque Port of Hastings in a charter of 1229. It is thought to have been deserted around 1400 AD. The village consisted of houses and a flint built chapel, The Chapel of St James.

Before the Pevensey Marshes were silted up and reclaimed, Northeye was an island in an inlet that reached inland to Hailsham.
Macrophthalmus crassipes
Macrophthalmus crassipes is a species of sentinel crab in the family Macrophthalmidae, found around China, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, and the Caroline Islands. In Australia it is found from north Western Australia through to New South Wales. Common names include the seagrass sentinel crab and the orange spined sentinel crab. On adult males there is a substantial tooth on the lower claw and a much smaller tooth on the upper claw, and noticeable orange spines on the “wrist” (carpus) of the clawed leg and on the palm of the clawed leg. The carapace is covered in small granules, and is up to around 37 mm (1.5 in) across. It is a burrowing crab, and lives in open tidal flats, muddy or with sandy mud, low on tidal creek banks, and adjacent mangroves.

Macrophthalmus
Crustaceans portal

Macrophthalmus is a genus of crabs which are widespread across the Indo-Pacific. It contains the following species (arranged into subgenera): Species in this genus are often referred to as sentinel crabs.
Lynn Strongin
Lynn Strongin (born February 27, 1939) is an American poet currently residing in Canada who has published more than two dozen books. A pioneering writer on issues of feminism and disability, her poetry and other writings have appeared in a large number of literary magazines and influential anthologies including Sisterhood Is Powerful, No More Masks! An Anthology of Poems by Women, and Rising Tides: 20th Century American Women Poets.

Hugh Fox
Hugh Bernard Fox Jr. (February 12, 1932  – September 4, 2011) was a writer, novelist, poet and anthropologist and one of the founders (with Ralph Ellison, Anaïs Nin, Paul Bowles, Joyce Carol Oates, Buckminster Fuller and others) of the Pushcart Prize for literature. He has been published in literary magazines and was the first writer to publish a critical study of Charles Bukowski.
John Lucaites
John Louis Lucaites (born 1952) is an American academic. He is a provost professor emeritus of rhetoric and public culture at Indiana University. In 2012, Lucaites was appointed as associate dean for arts and humanities and undergraduate education at Indiana University. His research concerns the general relationship between rhetoric and social theory, and seeks to contribute in particular to the critique and reconstruction of liberalism in contemporary social, political, and cultural practices in the United States.

Celeste Condit
Celeste Michelle Condit (born October 26, 1956) is an American professor and scholar of rhetorical criticism. Her work focuses on the rhetoric of racism, biology, the human genome, and feminism. In 2018, the Public Address Conference described Condit as "a pioneer in understanding and improving public communication about genetics." She currently holds the role of Distinguished Research Professor at the University of Georgia.
The Real Housewives of London
The Real Housewives of London (abbreviated RHOLDN) is a British reality television that premiered on Hayu on 18 August 2025. The series focuses on the personal and professional lives of six glamorous, stylish and bold women living in London, England.

Developed as Hayu's first original series, it is the third installment in The Real Housewives franchise to be produced in the United Kingdom, following The Real Housewives of Cheshire and The Real Housewives of Jersey. The first series consisted of Juliet Angus, Amanda Cronin, Karen Loderick-Peace, Juliet Mayhew, Panthea Parker, and Nessie Welschinger.

The Real Housewives
The Real Housewives is an American reality television franchise that began on March 21, 2006, with The Real Housewives of Orange County. Each installment of the franchise documents the personal and professional lives of a group of affluent women residing in a certain city or geopolitical region. Ten different series have been produced in the United States, with an announced eleventh. In addition, there are 21 international adaptations. The American series is broadcast on Bravo. Previously, the Miami installment aired for a time on Peacock.

The first international adaptation, The Real Housewives of Athens, premiered on March 4, 2011. The longest-running international edition is The Real Housewives of Cheshire, which is currently airing its eighteenth season.

The American franchise has led to 27 spin-off series in all, the most successful one being Vanderpump Rules, which has itself had a number of spin-offs.
National Committee on American Foreign Policy
The National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) is an American nonprofit, nonpartisan activist organization dedicated to the resolution of conflicts that threaten United States interests.

Founded in 1974 by Hans Morgenthau, NCAFP works to identify, articulate, and advance U.S. foreign-policy interests within the framework of political realism.

Paul Volcker
Paul Adolph Volcker Jr. (September 5, 1927 – December 8, 2019) was an American economist who served as the 12th chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1979 to 1987. During his tenure as chairman, Volcker was widely credited with having ended the high levels of inflation seen in the United States throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, with measures known as the Volcker shock. He previously served as the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from 1975 to 1979.

President Jimmy Carter nominated him to succeed G. William Miller as Fed chairman and President Ronald Reagan renominated him once. Volcker did not seek a third term at the Fed and was succeeded by Alan Greenspan. After his retirement from the Board, he chaired the Economic Recovery Advisory Board under President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2011 during the subprime mortgage crisis.
1946 in Soviet football
The 1946 Soviet football championship was the 14th seasons of competitive football in the Soviet Union and the 8th among teams of sports societies and factories. Among the worst teams of the top tier before World War II, CDKA Moscow won the championship becoming the Soviet domestic champions for the first time.

The defending champions Dinamo once again had a slow start in the first half and were not able to regain their champion pace in the second half as well, almost placing third behind clubmates from Tbilisi.

In 1946 there was reintroduced the third tier for a season, status of which is not determined and data for which is sparse.

FC Hoverla Uzhhorod
Football Club Hoverla Uzhhorod (Ukrainian: Футбольний Клуб "Говерла" Ужгород [ɦoˈwɛrlɐ ˈuʒɦorod]) was a Ukrainian professional football club based in Uzhhorod. Following the end of the 2015–16 season it was expelled from the Ukrainian Premier League because of debts to (current and former) players. It then ceased to exist.
Rheinsteig
The  Rheinsteig is a hiking trail following a mainly elevated path along the east bank of the Rhine River in Germany.  Its 320 kilometres (200 mi) route stretches from Wiesbaden to Bonn, running parallel to the Rheinhöhenweg Trail and Rheinburgenweg Trail.

Königswinter
Königswinter (German pronunciation: [ˈkøːnɪçsˌvɪntɐ] ⓘ; Kölsch: Köningkswinte; Low Franconian: Keuningswintjer) is a town and summer resort in the Rhein-Sieg district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
1994 Virginia Slims of Florida
The 1994 Virginia Slims of Florida was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Delray Beach Tennis Center in Delray Beach, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1994 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from February 28 through March 6, 1994. First-seeded Steffi Graf won her third consecutive singles title at the event and her fifth in total.

1994 WTA Tour
The 1994 WTA Tour was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the year-ending WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Randy Blythe manslaughter case
The Randy Blythe manslaughter case was a court case in the Czech Republic, stemming from a 2010 Lamb of God concert in Prague, wherein 19-year-old fan Daniel Nosek sustained head injuries leading to a coma and death. During the investigation, Czech police unsuccessfully asked United States authorities for cooperation. When the band returned to the Czech Republic for another concert two years later, its vocalist Randy Blythe was arrested, charged with causing Nosek's death, and remanded in custody for five weeks.

According to a verdict delivered by the Municipal Court in Prague on March 5, 2013, it was proven that Blythe had thrown Nosek offstage and thus had moral responsibility for his death. However, due to the circumstances, Blythe was not held criminally liable, and most of the blame lay with promoters and security members. The acquittal was upheld by the Prague High Court on June 5, 2013.

The trial was documented in the film As the Palaces Burn, directed by Don Argott.

Randy Blythe
David Randall Blythe (/blaɪ/, born February 21, 1971) is an American vocalist, best known as the lead singer and lyricist of heavy metal band Lamb of God and Burn the Priest. He has also performed guest vocals for Cannabis Corpse, A Life Once Lost,  Overkill, Gojira, Pitch Black Forecast, Eyehategod, Eluveitie, Bad Brains, Soulfly, Clutch, Body Count, DevilDriver, Suicide Silence, Doyle, Metal Allegiance, Voodoo Glow Skulls, and Lacuna Coil; and is the lead singer of side-project band Halo of Locusts.

Outside of music Blythe has released two books which both became Publishers Weekly non-fiction best sellers. He has also made multiple appearances in television and film. In 2016 Loudwire named him the #61 best Hard Rock / Metal Frontman of all time.
Landsteiner (crater)
Landsteiner is a tiny, bowl-shaped lunar impact crater in the central Mare Imbrium. It was named after Austrian-American pathologist and Nobel laureate Karl Landsteiner. It is a circular, cup-shaped feature with no appreciable erosion. Nearby to the south is a low wrinkle ridge named the Dorsum Grabau. Farther south is the prominent crater Timocharis.

This feature was identified as Timocharis F before being renamed by the IAU.

Mare Imbrium
Mare Imbrium /ˈɪmbriəm/ (Latin imbrium, the "Sea of Showers" or "Sea of Rains") is a vast lava plain within the Imbrium Basin on the Moon and is one of the larger craters in the Solar System. The Imbrium Basin formed from the collision of a proto-planet during the Late Heavy Bombardment. Basaltic lava later flooded the giant crater to form the flat volcanic plain seen today. The basin's age has been estimated using uranium–lead dating methods to approximately 3.9 billion years ago, and the diameter of the impactor has been estimated to be 250 ± 25 km. The Moon's maria (plural of mare) have fewer features than other areas of the Moon because molten lava pooled in the craters and formed a relatively smooth surface. Mare Imbrium is not as flat as it would have originally been when it first formed as a result of later events that have altered its surface. Mare Imbrium was the location of the first robotic rover deployed on an extraterrestrial body.
Eva Kurfürstová
Eva Kurfürstová (born August 30, 1977, in Karviná, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic)) is a Czech alpine skier, a specialist of Slalom and Giant Slalom. Kurfürstová has appeared in two Winter Olympics (2002 and 2006), and at every World Championship since 1996.

Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held 10–23 February in the United States near Salt Lake City, Utah. The downhill, super-G, and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slaloms at Park City, and the slaloms at adjacent Deer Valley.
Animal welfare and rights in China
Animal welfare and rights in the People's Republic of China is a topic of growing interest. China has had limited animal protections by international standards, and animal-rights activists have condemned the treatment of animals in the country. Movements towards animal welfare and animal rights are expanding in China, including among homegrown Chinese activists, but still face resistance from some Chinese people.

Dog meat
Dog meat, also known as false-mutton, fragrant meat, or simply fragrant, is the meat derived from dogs. Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world.

In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed to a limited extent in Cambodia, China, parts of Northeastern India, Indonesia, Ghana, Laos, Nigeria, South Korea, Switzerland, and Vietnam.  In these areas, the legality of dog meat consumption varies with some nations permitting it or lacking a nationwide ban. It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs were eaten each year by humans.

Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional, ritualistic, or day-to-day cuisine, and other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, even where it had been consumed in the past. Opinions also vary drastically across different regions within different countries.
Piano Concerto for the Left Hand (Ravel)
The Piano Concerto for the Left Hand in D major was composed by Maurice Ravel between 1929 and 1930, concurrently with his Piano Concerto in G major. The piece was commissioned by Paul Wittgenstein, a concert pianist who had lost his right arm in the First World War.

D major
D major is a major scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F♯, G, A, B, and C♯. Its key signature has two sharps. Its relative minor is B minor and its parallel minor is D minor.

The D major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Methling
Methling is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Sven Methling (1918–2005), Danish film director and screenwriter

Svend Methling (1891–1977), Danish actor and film director, father of Sven

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1997
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1997, adopted unanimously on July 11, 2011, after recalling resolutions 1590 (2005), 1627 (2005), 1663 (2006), 1706 (2006), 1709 (2006), 1714 (2006), 1755 (2007), 1812 (2008), 1870 (2009), 1919 (2010) and 1978 (2011) on the situation in Sudan, the Council authorised the withdrawal of the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) by August 31, 2011.

The resolution was adopted amid reservations by some nations including France, Germany, the United Kingdom and United States, that the withdrawal during conflict and tensions between Sudan and South Sudan necessitated the UNMIS operation to remain in the region.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1919
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1919, adopted unanimously on April 29, 2010, after recalling resolutions 1674 (2006), 1894 (2009) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, 1612 (2005) and 1882 (2009) on children in armed conflict, 1502 (2003) on the protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel, and 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), and 1889 (2009) on women, peace, and security, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) until April 30, 2011 with the intention of renewing it further if necessary.
Sadik Ahmad Turkistani
Sadik Ahmad Turkistani is an ethnic Uyghur born and raised in Taif, Saudi Arabia and an opponent of the Taliban. Held by the Taliban in Kandahar prison in Afghanistan, he was briefly freed when they were overthrown in late 2001.

One of the Kandahar Five, he was taken into custody by the Americans and shipped to Guantanamo Bay detention camp, Cuba in early 2002, where he was treated as an enemy combatant. Finally he was cleared for release in late 2005. He was repatriated to Saudi Arabia on June 24, 2006.

Kandahar Five
The Kandahar Five is a term used to refer to five men who had been held, for years, in a Taliban prison in Kandahar, Afghanistan, only to end up in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.

Several of the men were interviewed by international reporters during a brief period of partial freedom when they were held in a refugee camp following the liberation of the prison by Northern Alliance forces, who freed 1500 men. They men say they ended up being traded or sold to the Americans in return for a bounty.

According to the Associated Press, in June 2007 Commander Jeffrey Gordon, a Department of Defense spokesman defended some of the men's continued detention:

Multiple reviews and designations have been conducted since each unlawful enemy combatant was captured, to include during initial detention overseas to lengthy procedures at Guantanamo,
European Tour 2013/2014 – Event 5
The European Tour 2013/2014 – Event 5 (also known as the 2013 Ruhr Open) was a professional minor-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 3–6 October 2013 at the RWE-Sporthalle in Mülheim, Germany.

Mark Allen won his fifth professional title by defeating Ding Junhui 4–1 in the final.

Players Tour Championship 2013/2014
The Players Tour Championship 2013/2014 was a series of snooker tournaments which started on 6 June 2013 and ended on 29 March 2014, with events held across Europe and Asia. In this season the European events formed the European Tour and events held in Asia the Asian Tour. The twelve regular minor-ranking events concluded with the Finals.
Guy Kawasaki
Guy Takeo Kawasaki (born August 30, 1954) is an American marketing specialist, author, and Silicon Valley venture capitalist. He was one of the Apple employees originally responsible for marketing their Macintosh computer line in 1984. He popularized the word evangelist in marketing the Macintosh as an "Apple evangelist" and the concepts of evangelism marketing and technology evangelism/platform evangelism in general.

From March 2015 until December 2016, Kawasaki sat on the board of trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation, the non-profit operating entity of Wikipedia.

Kawasaki has also written fifteen books, including The Macintosh Way (1990), The Art of the Start (2004), and Wise Guy: Lessons from a Life (2019).

Penguin Group
Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. The new company was created by a merger that was finalised on 1 July 2013, with Bertelsmann initially owning 53% of the joint venture, and Pearson PLC initially owning the remaining 47%. Since 18 December 2019, Penguin Random House has been wholly owned by Bertelsmann.

Penguin Books has its registered office in the City of Westminster, London.

Its British division is Penguin Books Ltd. Other separate divisions are located in the United States, Ireland, New Zealand, India, Australia, Canada, China, Brazil and South Africa.
Ibrahim Rabbaj
Ibrahim Rabbaj (Arabic: إبراهيم الرباج; born 3 January 2009) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Chelsea Academy. Born in England, he plays for the Morocco national U17 team.

2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2025 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes or 2025 U17 AFCON for short, was the 15th edition (20th if editions without hosts are included) of the biennial African youth football tournament organized by Confederation of African Football (CAF) for players aged 17 and below.

Morocco was chosen as the host of this edition on 16 December 2024 at the annual CAF Executive Committee meeting along the 2024 CAF Awards ceremony in Marrakesh, Morocco where CAF appointed the country as host. which it organised from 30 March to 19 April. The top 10 teams qualified for the 2025 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Qatar as the CAF representatives.

It was the first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations to feature 16 teams. Senegal entered as the defending champions but were eliminated in the quarter-finals. Morocco won the tournament, claiming their first U-17 Africa Cup of Nations title.
Bigg Boss (Hindi TV series) season 5
Bigg Boss 5, also known as Bigg Boss 5: Double Waat or Bigg Boss: Five-five, five-five, five-five!,  is the fifth season of the Indian reality TV show Bigg Boss, which aired on Colors TV from 2 October 2011 to 7 January 2012 with Sanjay Dutt and Salman Khan as the hosts.

During the launch on 2 October, fourteen hand-picked housemates entered the house located in Karjat, a town, about halfway between Mumbai and Pune in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Four additional wild card entries were made during the second, third, fourth and the end of seventh week, taking the number of contestants to 18. Three guest entries, who stayed in the house for a couple of days, took the total number of inhabitants to 21. The housemates, considered strangers for each other, spent 98 days (14 weeks) locked out together under the supervision of 55 cameras installed around the house.

The series was won by actress Juhi Parmar on 7 January 2012.

Bigg Boss (Hindi TV series)
Bigg Boss is an Indian Hindi-language reality television show of the Bigg Boss franchise in India that airs on Colors TV. It is based on the Dutch format of Big Brother, developed by Endemol. Since its premiere on November 3, 2006, the show has completed nineteen seasons and three OTT (Over-the-Top) seasons. Throughout its run, Bigg Boss has seen a variety of hosts. The first season was hosted by Arshad Warsi, followed by Shilpa Shetty in the second season and Amitabh Bachchan in the third. Farah Khan led the Halla Bol season, while Sanjay Dutt co-hosted the fifth season with Salman Khan. Since season 4, Salman Khan has taken the helm as the show's primary host. As of season 19, a total of 353 contestants has participated in Bigg Boss. Thirteen contestants have returned for other seasons, while two played as proxy contestants and 4 were not selected by the audience, preventing them from entering the house. As of season 19, Bigg Boss has aired a total of 2,076 episodes.