hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023 Polish public media crisis
On 19 December 2023, Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage in Poland, dismissed the then-current state media directors and their supervisory boards, most notably those of public broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP), appointing new ones in their place. The move was met with criticism and accusations of illegality by the dismissed management and the opposition Law and Justice (PiS) party, causing a parliamentary intervention in the TVP headquarters.

Polskie Radio
The Polish Radio (PR; Polish: Polskie Radio, PR) is a national public-service radio broadcasting organization of Poland, founded in 1925. It is owned by the State Treasury of Poland. On 27 December 2023, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, due to the President's veto on the financing of the company, placed it in liquidation.
Tuira Formation
The Tuira Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves bivalve, gastropod and sponge fossils dating back to the Tortonian period (Clarendonian to Hemphillian in the NALMA classification), from 11 to 9.5 Ma.

Clarendonian
The Clarendonian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 13,600,000 to 10,300,000 years BP, a period of  3.3 million years.

It is usually considered to overlap the Serravallian age of the Middle Miocene and the Tortonian age of the Late Miocene. The Clarendonian is preceded by the Barstovian and followed by the Hemphillian NALMA stages.
Streetcars in San Pedro
San Pedro featured a network of streetcars between 1903 and 1958. The establishment of the Port of Los Angeles in the early 1900s spurred the development of the nearby city, and electric streetcars provided local transit services for workers and later military personnel. Pacific Electric was the primary operator in the city.

Pacific Electric
The Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the Red Cars, was a privately owned mass transit system in Southern California consisting of electrically powered streetcars, interurban cars, and buses and was the largest electric railway system in the world in the 1920s. Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County.

The system shared dual gauge track with the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow-gauge Los Angeles Railway, "Yellow Car," or "LARy" system on Main Street in downtown Los Angeles (directly in front of the 6th and Main terminal), on 4th Street, and along Hawthorne Boulevard south of downtown Los Angeles toward the cities of Hawthorne, Gardena, and Torrance.
Reuben Young
Reuben F. Young is an American lawyer and jurist. He was appointed to serve on the North Carolina Court of Appeals by Governor Roy Cooper in 2019 but lost reelection and left on December 31, 2020.

At the time of his appointment to the court, Young was Chief Deputy Secretary for Adult Corrections and Juvenile Justice at the North Carolina Department of Public Safety. He previously served for five years as a Special North Carolina Superior Court Judge and, before that, as Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Public Safety. Young also served as Chief Legal Counsel in the Office of the Governor under Mike Easley. Young received his undergraduate degree from Howard University and his Juris Doctor degree from North Carolina Central University School of Law.

Mike Easley
Michael Francis Easley (born March 23, 1950) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 72nd governor of North Carolina from 2001 to 2009. He is the first 
governor of North Carolina to have been convicted of a felony. The conviction was later expunged by the Chief Judge of the Superior Court of Wake County.
A member of the Democratic Party, Easley was North Carolina's first Catholic governor.
Lithospermum molle
Lithospermum molle, the softhair marbleseed, is a species of flowering plant in the forget-me-not family. This species is a narrow endemic, native primarily to the Nashville Basin of Tennessee, where it is found in limestone prairies near cedar glades. There are disjunct populations in similar habitats in the Ozark Mountains of Missouri, in northwest Alabama, in Logan and Warren County, Kentucky as well as other small areas of Tennessee. Outside of Tennessee, it is very rare and perhaps no longer exists in Alabama and Kentucky due to habitat destruction. Because of its highly restricted geographic range, this species is considered vulnerable.

This species has been long confused with Lithospermum bejariense, Lithospermum parviflorum, and Lithospermum virginianum, and its true geographic range and morphological distinctiveness are only recently being clarified.

Lithospermum bejariense
Lithospermum bejariense, known by the common name western marbleseed, is a species of flowering plant in the borage family. It is native to the Southeastern United States, where it is in found rocky barrens and glades in calcareous areas. It is distinguished from other closely related Lithospermum by its flowers that are 1–2 cm long and its spreading 2–4 cm stem pubescence.
Big Hopes
Big Hopes is the third studio album by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It features the singles "A Man Holding On (To a Woman Lettin' Go)", "It Must Be Love", and "Hands of a Working Man". These songs peaked at #5, #1, and #5, respectively, on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. "It Must Be Love" was his third and final Number One on the country charts, while "Hands of a Working Man" was his last Top Ten.

Doug Virden and Drew Womack, then members of Sons of the Desert, serve as backing vocalists on other tracks, as they did on Herndon's previous album Living in a Moment. Blue Miller, formerly of Bob Seger's Silver Bullet Band and later of the Gibson/Miller Band, also provides background vocals.

Thom Owens of Allmusic rated the album three stars out of five, saying that it "comes as close to MOR rock and pop as it does to country."

Sons of the Desert
Sons of the Desert is a 1933 American pre-Code comedy film starring Laurel and Hardy. Directed by William A. Seiter, it was released in the United States on December 29, 1933. In the United Kingdom, the film was originally released under the title Fraternally Yours.

In 2012, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.
Transgender people in ice hockey
The participation of transgender people in ice hockey is an ongoing issue in the place of LGBT+ rights and diversity in ice hockey. Only a small handful of professional players have come out as openly trans, and systemic transphobia presents many barriers to the inclusion of trans people in the sport.

Leon Reuterström
Leon Reuterström (born 30 November 1996) is a Swedish former ice hockey goaltender and advocate for transgender inclusion in sports. From 2012 to 2018, he played for Leksands IF Dam in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL; previously called Riksserien), the top flight of Swedish women's hockey, before coming out to the public as a transgender man and retiring to pursue his medical transition.
Cinco canciones populares argentinas
Cinco canciones populares argentinas are a set of five songs for voice and piano, comprising both entirely new compositions as well as new settings of existing melodies, written in 1943 by Argentine composer Alberto Ginastera as his opus 10. The five songs are as follows:

1. Chacarera

2. Triste

3. Zamba

4. Arrorró

5. Gato

Polytonality
Polytonality (also polyharmony) is the musical use of more than one key simultaneously. Bitonality is the use of only two different keys at the same time. Polyvalence or polyvalency is the use of more than one harmonic function, from the same key, at the same time.

Some examples of bitonality superimpose fully harmonized sections of music in different keys.
Gwadar Port Authority
The Gwadar Port Authority (GPA; Urdu: گوادر پورٹ اتھارٹی) is a Pakistani government organization that owns and manages the Gwadar Port, a major seaport located in Gwadar, Balochistan, Pakistan and situated on the Arabian Sea. The GPA was established on 17 October 2002 by a presidential ordinance.

The Gwadar Port Authority Ordinance, 2002 (GPA Ordinance No. LXXVII of 2002) set the GPA's responsibilities as planning, constructing, operating, managing, and maintaining the Gwadar Port. It operates under the administrative authority of the Maritime Secretary of Pakistan and is under the operational oversight of the China Overseas Port Holding Company.

PSA International
PSA International Pte. Ltd., formerly the Port of Singapore Authority, is a global port operator and supply chain company. One of the largest port operators in the world, PSA's portfolio comprises over 70 deepsea, rail, and inland terminals. The operator is present in more than 180 locations in 45 countries, including flagship operations in Singapore and Belgium, and encompasses supply chain solutions, marine, and digital businesses.
Rossum, Gelderland
Rossum is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Maasdriel, and lies about 11 km southwest of Tiel.

Rossum was a separate municipality between 1818 and 1999, when it was merged with Maasdriel.

Tiel
Tiel (Dutch pronunciation: [til] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the middle of the Netherlands. The town is enclosed by the Waal river and the Linge river to the South and the North, and the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal to the East. Tiel comprises the population centres Kapel-Avezaath, Tiel and Wadenoijen. The city was founded in the 5th century CE.
Abhimanyupur
Abhimanyupur (formerly Amin) is a village in Kurukshetra district of Haryana, India. This village is 8 kilometres from the city of Kurukshetra. This village is famous for being the site where Abhimanyu, the son of Arjuna, died in the Mahabharata War. This is the site where the Kauravas arranged the deadly "chakravyuha" formation and trapped and killed Abhimanyu. This village is part of the 48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra. This village has many sacred places associated with Hinduism.

Kurukshetra
Kurukshetra (Hindi: kurukṣetra, pronounced [kʊrʊkʃeːtɾə]ⓘ) is a historical region in India, also known as Dharmakshetra ("Realm of duty") and as the "Land of the Bhagavad Gita." It also refers to the city Kurukshetra, situated in the area and administrative headquarters of Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana.
Potassium picrate
Potassium picrate, or potassium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate, is an organic chemical, a picrate of potassium. It is a reddish yellow or green crystalline material. It is a primary explosive. Anhydrous potassium picrate forms orthorhombic crystals.

Picric acid
Picric acid is an organic compound with the formula (O2N)3C6H2OH. Its IUPAC name is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). The name "picric" comes from Greek: πικρός (pikros), meaning "bitter", due to its bitter taste. It is one of the most acidic phenols. Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive, which is its primary use. It has also been used as medicine (antiseptic, burn treatments) and as a dye.
Genie Engine
The Genie Engine is a game engine developed by Ensemble Studios and used in several computer games, such as Age of Empires, Age of Empires II and its expansions (but is not used in other Ensemble Studios games) and Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds. Some of those games have been ported to the Apple Mac.

Age of Empires: The Rise of Rome
Age of Empires: The Rise of Rome is a 1998 expansion pack for the 1997 real-time strategy video game Age of Empires, developed by Ensemble Studios for Windows and published by Microsoft.

The expansion adds four new playable civilizations, including the Romans, as well as new units, map types and minor improvements to the game. Development of The Rise of Rome was prompted by delays to the creation of a sequel, Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings, leading to Ensemble Studios creating an expansion to maintain sales of the original game.

Upon release, The Rise of Rome was commercially successful and received positive reviews from critics, with praise directed to the expansion's inclusion of features and gameplay mechanics beyond the expected addition of new maps. Reviewers later expressed that the expansion set the standard for the sequel to Age of Empires II, The Conquerors, released in 2000.
Register renaming
In computer architecture, register renaming is a technique that abstracts logical registers from physical registers.
Every logical register has a set of physical registers associated with it.
When a machine language instruction refers to a particular logical register, the processor transposes this name to one specific physical register on the fly.
The physical registers are opaque and cannot be referenced directly but only via the canonical names.

This technique is used to eliminate false data dependencies arising from the reuse of registers by successive instructions that do not have any real data dependencies between them.
The elimination of these false data dependencies reveals more  instruction-level parallelism in an instruction stream, which can be exploited by various and complementary techniques such as superscalar and out-of-order execution for better performance.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
Tyko Reinikka
Tyko Henrik Reinikka (10 December 1887 – 18 January 1964) was a Finnish bank director and politician. He served as Minister of Trade and Industry from 31 December 1925 to 13 December 1926, Minister of Finance from 18 August 1929 to 4 July 1930, as Deputy Minister of Finance from 6 March to 7 October 1936 and again from 5 March 1943 to 8 August 1944. He was born in Oulu, and was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1922 to 1930, representing the Agrarian League. As one of the accused in the war-responsibility trials, he was given a prison sentence of two years on 21 February 1946 because of his political role during the Continuation War. He was pardoned by President Paasikivi on 21 October 1947.

Minister of Finance (Finland)
The Minister of Finance (Finnish: valtiovarainministeri [ˈʋɑltioˌʋɑrɑi̯nˌministeri], Swedish: finansminister) is one of the Finnish Government's ministers. The Minister of Finance is responsible for maintaining Finland's fiscal policies and oversees the Ministry of Finance. The Orpo Cabinet's incumbent Minister of Finance is Riikka Purra.
Laos women's national rugby union team
The Laos women's national rugby union team is a national sporting side that represents Thailand in women's rugby union. It first played international sevens rugby in 2007 at the South East Asia sevens, where it finished third. It then played a ten-a-side international against Cambodia in 2009, and in 2010 it won a non-test match developmental tournament involving Thailand and the Philippines. Its first full test was against Thailand in 2011.

Thailand women's national rugby union team
The Thailand women's national rugby union team are a national sporting side that represents Thailand in women's international rugby union. They played their first test match against Kazakhstan in 2005.
1st Ski Division (Wehrmacht)
The 1st Ski Division (German: 1. Skijäger-Division) was an elite mountain infantry unit of the German Waffen-SS/Army trained to use skis for movement during winter. It was created on the Eastern Front in the autumn of 1943 in preparation for upcoming winter operations. It was enlarged into a full division in the summer of 1944. The division fought exclusively on the Eastern Front as part of  Army Group Centre, including an approach to the Vistula river and during the retreat into Slovakia, southern Poland and the Czech lands (now the Czech Republic), where it surrendered to the Red Army in May 1945.

Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre (German: Heeresgruppe Mitte) was the name of two distinct strategic German Army Groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created during the planning of Operation Barbarossa, Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union, as one of the three German Army formations assigned to the invasion.

After Army Group North was trapped in the Courland Pocket in mid-1944, it was renamed to Army Group Courland and the first Army Group Centre was renamed "Army Group North". The second iteration of Army Group Centre was formed by the redesignation of Army Group A as the replacement for the first Army Group Centre.
Lagerstroemia subcostata
Lagerstroemia subcostata, the Taiwan crepe myrtle, is a deciduous tree native to Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and southern China, and introduced to the Philippines.

When L. subcostata var. fauriei is crossed with Lagerstroemia indica, the result is Lagerstroemia × egolfii (usually given as Lagerstroemia indica × fauriei), the hybrid crape myrtle, which has many cultivars and is widely planted as an ornamental in the United States.

Lagerstroemia indica
Lagerstroemia indica, commonly known as a crape myrtle (also crepe myrtle, crêpe myrtle, or crepeflower), is a species of flowering plant in the genus Lagerstroemia of the family Lythraceae. It is native to East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is an often multi-stemmed, deciduous tree with a wide spreading, flat topped, rounded, or even spike shaped open habit. The tree is a popular nesting shrub for songbirds and wrens.
GL-II-73
GL-II-73 (GL-ii-073) is a benzodiazepine derivative related in chemical structure to compounds such as midazolam and adinazolam. It is described as an α5 preferring positive allosteric modulator of the benzodiazepine site of GABAA receptors, with weaker activity at α2 and α3 and no significant affinity for the α1 subtype. In animal tests it was found to produce effects consistent with antidepressant, anxiolytic and nootropic actions. It is now being researched as a potential treatment agent for Alzheimer's disease.

Nootropic
Nootropics (/noʊ.əˈtroʊpɪks/ noh-ə-TROHP-iks or /noʊ.əˈtrɒpɪks/ noh-ə-TROP-iks; colloquially brain supplements, smart drugs, cognitive enhancers, memory enhancers, or brain boosters) are chemical substances which purportedly improve cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, wakefulness, and self-control.

In the United States, nootropics can be over-the-counter drugs and commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have warned manufacturers and consumers about possible advertising fraud and marketing scams concerning nootropic supplements. Nootropics include both prescription drugs and dietary supplements marketed to enhance brain function, but while FDA-approved drugs have proven benefits and oversight, many dietary supplements lack evidence, may contain unapproved or hidden drugs, and pose safety and regulatory risks.
Baloch diaspora
The Baloch diaspora (Balochi: دَرمُلکی بلۏچ or دَرانڈݔھی بلۏچ, romanized: Darmolki Balòc) refers to Baloch people, and their descendants, who have immigrated to places outside the Balochistan region of South-West Asia – a region stretching from southwestern Pakistan to southeastern Iran and southern Afghanistan. The Baloch diaspora is found throughout West Asia, South Asia, Turkmenistan, East Africa, Europe, North America and in other parts of the world.

Baloch people in Sindh
The Balochs of Sindh,  (Sindhi: سنڌي ٻروچ‎, Balochi: سندی بلۏچ) is a community of Sindhi-speaking Baloch tribes living throughout the Sindh province of Pakistan.

Settling in the region for centuries, Baloch tribes own large agricultural land and related businesses in Sindh, a large part of them being landlords in Sindh.
Entoloma austroprunicolor
Entoloma austroprunicolor is a species of agaric fungus in the family Entolomataceae. Described as new to science in 2007, it is found in Tasmania, where it fruits on the ground of wet sclerophyll forests in late spring to early winter (usually between January and March). The fruit bodies (mushrooms) have reddish-purple caps measuring up to 5 cm (2.0 in) in diameter supported by whitish stipes measuring 3–7.5 cm (1.2–3.0 in) long by 0.2–0.6 cm (0.1–0.2 in) thick. On the cap underside, the crowded gills are initially white before turning pink as the spores mature.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Nohn
Nohn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Martin of Tours
Martin of Tours (Latin: Martinus Turonensis; 316/336 – 8 November 397) was the third bishop of Tours. He is the patron saint of many communities and organizations across Europe, including France's Third Republic. A native of Pannonia (present-day Hungary), he converted to Christianity at a young age. He served in the Roman cavalry in Gaul, but left military service prior to 361, when he became a disciple of Hilary of Poitiers, establishing the monastery at Ligugé. He was consecrated as Bishop of Caesarodunum (Tours) in 371. As bishop, he was active in the suppression of the remnants of Gallo-Roman religion.

The contemporary hagiographer Sulpicius Severus wrote a Life of St. Martin. He is best known for the account of his using his sword to cut his cloak in two, to give half to a beggar clad only in rags in winter. His shrine in Tours became an often-frequented stop for pilgrims on the road to Santiago de Compostela in Spain.
Evelyn Parish (Thoulcanna County), New South Wales
Evelyn Parish, on the Paroo River, is a remote civil Parish, of Thoulcanna County, a cadasteral division of New South Wales.

The topography is the flat and arid with a Köppen climate classification of BSh (Hot semi arid) and the economy is based on broad acre agriculture, mainly Cattle, and sheep. There are no towns in the parish and Evelyn Parish is midway between Hungerford, Queensland and Wanaaring, New South Wales to the south.

The parish is on the traditional lands of the Barundji people.

Paroo River
The Paroo River, a series of waterholes, connected in wet weather as a running stream of the Darling catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the South West region of Queensland and Far West region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the home of the Paarkantji people.

Paroo is the local Aboriginal word for the bony bream fish, which are common in the river.