hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sound localization
Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance.

The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or intensity difference) between the ears, and spectral information.  Other animals, such as birds and reptiles, also use them but they may use them differently, and some also have localization cues which are absent in the human auditory system, such as the effects of ear movements. Animals with the ability to localize sound have a  evolutionary advantage.

Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea. The ear thereby converts and amplifies vibration in the air to vibration in cochlear fluid. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.

Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. Collapse or retraction of the eardrum can cause conductive hearing loss or cholesteatoma.
Rastak Ensemble
Rastak Music Group is an Iranian contemporary folk music ensemble that was formed as an experimental music group in 1997. Rastak seeks to collect, record and interpret Iranian, Kurdish, Baloch and Turkmen folk music among others for a global audience.

Kurmanji
Kurmanji (Kurdish: کورمانجی, romanized: Kurmancî, lit. 'Kurdish', pronunciationⓘ), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish.

Kurmanji is also the common and ceremonial language of Yazidis. Their sacred book Mishefa Reş and all prayers are written and spoken in Kurmanji.

Ethnologue reports that the use of Kurmanji is declining in Turkey even when the language is used as a language of wider communication (LWC) by immigrants to Turkey, and that the language is threatened because it is losing speakers.
Water (1985 film)
Water is a 1985 British comedy film directed by Dick Clement and starring Michael Caine. It was scripted by Clement and Ian La Frenais. The plot spoofs elements of the comedies Carlton-Browne of the F.O. (1958) and Passport to Pimlico (1948) and the then-recent invasions of the Falkland Islands and Grenada. Caine plays Baxter Thwaites, a Governor who has 'gone native' (similar to his role in The Honorary Consul), and Billy Connolly as local biracial activist Delgado, supported by the last performance of Leonard Rossiter, as Sir Malcolm Leveridge, and one of the last performances of Fulton Mackay.

Carlton-Browne of the F.O.
Carlton-Browne of the F.O. (U.S. title: Man in a Cocked Hat) is a 1959 British comedy film directed by Roy Boulting and Jeffrey Dell and starring Terry-Thomas, Peter Sellers, and Luciana Paluzzi. It was written by Boulting and Dell and produced by John Boulting.

The film centres on an inept Foreign Office (F.O.) diplomat who is sent to re-establish good relations with the island of Gaillardia, an obscure former British colony that attracts the attention of both the UK and the USSR for its mineral deposits.
Bill Siebens
William Walter "Bill" Siebens (17 November 1933 – 29 June 2020) was an American-Canadian oilman. He is best known as the founder and president of Siebens Oil and Gas Limited, a company that operated from 1965 until its sale in 1978.

American Canadians
American Canadians are Canadians of American descent. The term is most often used to refer to Canadians who migrated from or have ancestry from the United States. This may include people born in the United States who have naturalized as Canadian citizens. Many American Canadians and Canadian Americans hold both US and Canadian citizenship.
El Forastero Motorcycle Club
El Forastero Motorcycle Club (EFMC) is a one-percenter motorcycle club which was established after being turned down for a chapter by the Satan Slaves MC. The El Forasteros are well known for their criminal activities, and are considered by law enforcement to be among the many second-tier, after the "Big Four", outlaw motorcycle clubs.

Its early members included the biker artist Dave Mann. The name of the club means "the outsider" in Spanish.

Outlaw motorcycle club
An outlaw motorcycle club, known colloquially as a biker club or bikie club (in Australia), is a motorcycle subculture generally centered on the use of cruiser motorcycles, particularly Harley-Davidsons and choppers, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate freedom, nonconformity to mainstream culture and loyalty to the biker group. The subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s and has since spread globally.

In the United States, such motorcycle clubs (MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity but because they are not sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture.

The U.S. Department of Justice defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".
Deveikiškiai
Deveikiškiai (formerly Polish: Dowejkiszki, Russian: Довейкишки) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 35 people. It is located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Krakės, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Pajieslys, on the Krakės-Josvainiai road.

Josvainiai
Josvainiai is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Šušvė River 10 km southwest from Kėdainiai. The town comprises the Catholic All Saints Church, a gymnasium, a post office, a public library, a stud farm, and a culture house.
Howard DGA-6
The Howard DGA-6 was a pioneer racing plane, nicknamed "Mister Mulligan". It was the only airplane ever designed for the specific purpose of winning the Bendix Trophy. The plane was designed and developed by Ben Howard and Gordon Israel, who later became an engineer for the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation. Mister Mulligan was designed to fly the entire length of the race nonstop and at high altitude. Neither had ever been done before. Mister Mulligan won the trophy, and thus changed the way in which long distance airplanes were designed.

Pratt & Whitney R-1340 Wasp
The Pratt & Whitney R-1340 Wasp is an aircraft engine of the reciprocating type that was widely used in American aircraft from the 1920s onward. It was the Pratt & Whitney aircraft company's first engine, and the first of the famed Wasp series. It was a single-row, nine-cylinder, air-cooled, radial design, and displaced 1,344 cubic inches (22 L); bore and stroke were both 5.75 in (146 mm). A total of 34,966 engines were produced.

As well as numerous types of fixed-wing aircraft, it was used to power helicopters, the Agusta-Bell AB.102 and the Sikorsky H-19, and a class of airship, the K-class blimp.

In 2016, it received designation as a Historic Engineering Landmark from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Schizachyrium tenerum
Schizachyrium tenerum is a species of grass known by the common name slender little bluestem, or slender bluestem. It is native to the Americas, where it occurs in North, Central, and South America. In North America it can be found in the southeastern United States and much of Mexico.

This plant produces bunches of erect or leaning stems up to a meter long. The wiry leaves are up to 15 or 20 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a raceme of paired spikelets. The fertile spikelet has an awn up to a centimeter long; the sterile spikelet lacks an awn.

In the United States this grass grows in pine forests and on the coastal plain. It and the pinehill bluestem (S. scoparium var. divergens) may codominate habitat in the understory of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris). It grows in pine savanna, seeps, pitcher plant bogs, dry prairies, sandhills, and floodplains.

Schizachyrium scoparium
Schizachyrium scoparium, commonly known as little bluestem or beard grass, is a species of North American prairie grass native to most of the contiguous United States (except California, Nevada, and Oregon) as well as a small area north of the Canada–US border and northern Mexico. It is most common in the Midwestern prairies and is one of the most abundant native plants in Texas grasslands.

Little bluestem is a perennial bunchgrass and is prominent in tallgrass prairies, along with big bluestem (Andropogon gerardi), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). It is a warm-season species, meaning it employs the C4 photosynthetic pathway.
Under the Sound Umbrella
Under the Sound Umbrella is the second album from The Dude of Life, a childhood friend of Phish leader Trey Anastasio and a lyrical contributor to many of Phish's early songs. This was the first album released by the Dude of Life in almost five years.

The album features guest appearances from Phish members Anastasio, Mike Gordon, and Jon Fishman. "Tow Truck Driver" is a collaboration between the Dude of Life and Anastasio.

The Dude's backing band on the album is The Great Red Shark.

The album has been out of print since 2000.

In writing about the album, William Ruhlmann at Allmusic said that it has "quirky lyrics that border on novelties" with a style reminiscent of the Beatles and David Bowie.

Jon Fishman
Jon Fishman (born February 19, 1965) is an American drummer and co-founder of the band Phish, which was, in part, named after him. He is credited with co-writing nineteen Phish songs, eight with a solo credit.
Charles Sullivan (musician)
Charles Henry Sullivan (born November 8, 1944), also known as Kamau Adilifu, is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and bandleader. He has recorded four albums as leader. He also made recordings as a sideman with Woody Shaw, Dollar Brand, Ricky Ford, and King Curtis, among others.

King Curtis
Curtis Ousley (born Curtis Montgomery, February 7, 1934 – August 13, 1971), known professionally as King Curtis, was an American saxophonist who played rhythm and blues, jazz, and rock and roll. A bandleader, band member, and session musician, he was also a musical director and record producer. A master of the instrument, he played tenor, alto, and soprano saxophone. He played riffs and solos on hit singles such as "Respect" by Aretha Franklin (1967), and "Yakety Yak" by the Coasters (1958) and his own "Soul Twist" (1962), "Soul Serenade" (1964), and "Memphis Soul Stew" (1967).
District tartans of Australia
District tartans for the Commonwealth of Australia and for each of its constituent States have been registered in the Scottish Register of Tartans (SRT). Additionally, fashion tartans covering either Australia as a whole, or its capital city, Canberra, have been registered in the SRT, as have district tartans in respect of some of Australia's local government areas.

Some of those registered tartans have been officially adopted, approved or procured by the relevant district. Most of the rest of them have been registered either with some form of official permission or support, or with the endorsement of an organisation based within the relevant district.

This article lists the registered tartans, and also provides information about their origins, registration, and legal status.

Scottish Tartans Society
The Scottish Tartans Society (STS) was a society committed to the recording and preservation of woven tartan designs from around the world; it maintained the Register of All Publicly Known Tartans. The society was first formed in 1963 and existed for about 40 years. The Scottish Tartans Society ceased to record new tartan designs in about the year 2000, having recorded about 2,700 different designs. Today, similar functions are provided by the Scottish government's Scottish Register of Tartans (SRT), which affords some legal recognition to tartans registered with it, and the nonprofit Scottish Tartans Authority (STA), founded by former STS members.
October 1974 United Kingdom general election in England
The October 1974 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 10 October 1974 to elect 635 members of the House of Commons, of which 516 constituencies were in England. It was the second general election held that year.

While the Labour Party led by Prime Minister Harold Wilson clinched an overall narrow majority of 3 seats in the House of Commons, in England, the Labour Party won just two seats over the opposition Conservative Party led by Edward Heath.

This remains the last general election in which a party won an overall majority in the Commons without winning a majority of seats in England. Since this election, the Labour Party has won more seats in England only on 4 occasions- 1997, 2001, 2005 and 2024.

2005 United Kingdom general election in England
The 2005 United Kingdom general election in England took place on 5 May 2005 for 529 English seats in the British House of Commons. The governing Labour Party under Tony Blair won an overall majority of seats for the third successive election.

Within England, the opposition Conservative Party received 72,544 more votes than the Labour Party, but Labour won an overall majority of English seats. The Liberal Democrats made modest gains, finishing with 23% of the vote and 47 seats. The only other parties to win seats were the Respect Party, who gained Bethnal Green and Bow from Labour, and Independent Kidderminster Hospital and Health Concern, who won Wyre Forest for the second election in a row.
Outline of Belize
The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to Belize:

Belize – country located on the north-eastern coast of Central America and the only country in the area where English is the official language, although Kriol and Spanish are widely spoken. Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages, and is the only nation in the region with a British colonial heritage as part of the Commonwealth Caribbean, though it also shares a common heritage with the Caribbean portions of other Central American countries.

Cayo District
Cayo is a district located in the west part of Belize, and it contains the capital, Belmopan. It is the most extensive, second-most populous and third-most densely populated of the six districts of Belize. The district's capital is the town of San Ignacio.
Survivorship bias
Survivorship bias or survival bias is the logical error of concentrating on entities that passed a selection process while overlooking those that did not. This can lead to incorrect conclusions because of incomplete data.

Survivorship bias is a form of sampling bias that can lead to overly optimistic beliefs because multiple failures are overlooked, such as when companies that no longer exist are excluded from analyses of financial performance. It can also lead to the false belief that the successes in a group have some special property, rather than just coincidence as in correlation "proves" causality.

EHarmony
eharmony is an online dating website launched in 2000. eharmony is based in Los Angeles, California, and owned by ParshipMeet Group, a joint venture of German mass media company ProSiebenSat.1 Media and American private equity firm General Atlantic.
Al-Zuq al-Tahtani
Al-Zuq al-Tahtani was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 11, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach. It was located 30 km northeast of Safad.

Safad Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Safad Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء صفد; Hebrew: נפת צפת) was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine before it was captured by Israel in 1948. It was located around the city of Safad. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict, which fell entirely within modern-day Israel, became the modern-day Safed Subdistrict in the Northern District (Israel).
Tarte des Alpes
Tarte des Alpes is a pastry found specifically in the Southern Alps. It is filled with jam and covered with lattice patterns of pastry. Handmade by pastry chefs in the Hautes-Alpes and the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence or industrially made by some manufacturers. It has the advantage of being able to be kept for months without losing its flavour.

Hautes-Alpes
Hautes-Alpes (French pronunciation: [ot.z‿alp] ⓘ; Occitan: Auts Aups; English: Upper Alps) is a department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France. It is located in the heart of the French Alps, after which it is named. Hautes-Alpes had a population of 141,220 as of 2019, which makes it the third least populated French department. Its prefecture is Gap; its sole subprefecture is Briançon. Its INSEE and postal code is 05.
Exequiel González Madariaga
Exequiel González Madariaga (9 September 1893 – 9 December 1987) was a Chilean essayist, writer, and politician. He served as Deputy between 1941 and 1953, and as Senator between 1953 and 1969, representing southern Chile.

Alto Palena–Encuentro River dispute
The Alto Palena-Encuentro River border dispute was a territorial dispute between the Argentine Republic and the Republic of Chile over the demarcation of the boundary between landmarks XVI and XVII of their common border in the valleys located north of General Vintter/Palena Lake (formerly General Paz Lake), and was resolved on November 24, 1966, by the arbitral ruling of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.

The ruling divided the disputed territory between the two countries, distributing it between the Palena commune in the Palena Province, Los Lagos Region in Chile (Regions created afterwards), and the Languiñeo Department in the Chubut Province of Argentina.
Mistico (boat)
A mistico was a large sailing coaster used in the Mediterranean in the 18th and 19th centuries. Misticos were decked vessels with long, low hulls and had two masts amidships that carried two lateen or settee sails and a jib. They ranged in size from 40 to 80 tons (bm), and had crews of five to nine men. They were popular with Greek pirates in the Aegean and resembled the felucca, and the xebec.

On 25 October 1806, the Spanish privateer mistico Generalísimo, of four guns and 70 men,  captured HM gunboat Hannah, of two guns and 28 men, in the Straits of Gibraltar.

In 1825–26 HMS Cambrian was the lead vessel of a small squadron engaged in anti-piracy operations in the Archipelago, at Alexandria, and around the coasts of Syria. On 27 July 1826 Cambrian's boats captured a pirate bombard and burnt a mistico on the Cycladic island of Tinos.

Felucca
A felucca is a traditional wooden sailing boat with a single sail used in the Mediterranean, including around Malta and Tunisia. However, in Egypt, Iraq and Sudan (particularly along the Nile and in the Sudanese protected areas of the Red Sea), its rig can consist of two lateen sails as well as just one.

They are usually able to board ten passengers and the crew consists of two or three people.

Contemporary accounts assert that in the summer of 1610, a felucca was the last boat on which Italian painter Caravaggio travelled from Naples, then under Spanish control, to Palo, Italy whereafter he died in Porto Ercole.
Black Lotus (Magic: The Gathering)
Black Lotus is a card in the collectible card game Magic: The Gathering. Wizards of the Coast published the card in the earliest editions of the game. It is one of the game's most valuable collectible cards.

In game, the card allows the player to sacrifice the card when it is in play to generate three mana—game resources used to cast spells (play cards from the hand). Because it provides mana so quickly, it allows the player to cast spells earlier than their opponent, thus providing an advantage to the player. For this reason, it is one of the Power Nine, which are considered the most powerful cards in the game's history.

Most competitive formats ban the card. Its power, limited print and distribution have made it one of the most valuable Magic cards. In the early 2020s, two copies of the card were sold for approximately $500,000 each. An Alpha CGC 10 Black Lotus sold in 2024 for $3,000,000.

Power Nine
In Magic: The Gathering, Power Nine is a set of nine cards that were printed in the game's early core sets, consisting of Black Lotus, Ancestral Recall, Time Walk, Mox Pearl, Mox Sapphire, Mox Jet, Mox Ruby, Mox Emerald, and Timetwister. These nine cards were printed in the first sets of Magic: The Gathering, starting in 1993. They are considered among the most powerful cards in the game. Owing to their power, they were banned from being played in most competitive settings.

The cards were added to Magic: The Gathering Arena in September 2022 with the introduction of the Alchemy: Dominaria United expansion set.
2020 in Philippine television
The following is a list of events affecting Philippine television in 2020. Events listed include television show debuts, finales, cancellations, and channel launches, closures and rebrandings, as well as information about controversies and carriage disputes.

ABS-CBN News Channel
The ABS-CBN News Channel, commonly referred to as ANC, is a 24/7 English language Filipino pay television news and business channel owned by ABS-CBN Corporation. It was launched in 1996 as the first all-news network in English language in the Philippines. The majority of its programs are produced by ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs.

ANC is broadcast from the ANC studio at the ABS-CBN Newsroom, Studio 6 & Studio 7 of the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center in the Philippines. It is available domestically via pay television and select direct-to-home satellite providers (including Converge ICT's Vision and  Streamtech's Planet Cable), as well as via livestream. An international feed called ANC Global is also available worldwide as part of TFC premium channels via cable, satellite, iWant and TFC IPTV.
Crossing Europe
Crossing Europe is an international film festival in Linz, Austria, that takes place every year in April since 2004. It defines itself as a platform for young European film makers. The focus of the film selection lies on sociopolitical and youth cultural topics. Every year, about 180 films from more than 30 European countries are chosen to be shown on this six days long festival. Besides Viennale and Diagonale, Crossing Europe is the third biggest film festival of Austria with about 20,000 visitors every year.

Festival juries give away awards in several categories to European fictional and documentary films as well as to locally produced films. For the award competition, only the first or second film made by a director can be qualified. The main prize, the Crossing Europe Award, is endowed with €10,000.

The next date of the festival is from 28 April – 03 May 2026.

Diagonale
The Diagonale (Festival of Austrian Film) is a film festival that takes place every March in Graz, Austria.

The festival was initially held under the auspices of the Austrian Film Commission in Salzburg from 1993 to 1995 but moved to Graz in 1998. Traditional cinema venues are Annenhof Kino, Schubertkino, KIZ RoyalKino, and the Filmzentrum im Rechbauerkino. At the end of the festival, expert juries award Austria's most highly endowed film prizes.

The Festival of Austrian Film has consolidated its position as a regionally based festival for film buffs that brings the industry and audience together, strengthens Austrian film, and attracts international attention.