hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Huntsville Tigers
The Huntsville Tigers is a women's American football team located in Huntsville, Alabama. The Tigers played their first season of full-contact football in the spring of 2012. This was the Tigers' first season as a new team. The team consists of former Alabama Renegades and Tennessee Valley Tigers players as well as a number of new players.

Independent Women's Football League
The Independent Women's Football League (IWFL) was the first women's American football league established by women players for women players. The league was founded in 2000, began play in 2001, and played its last season in 2018.  Members of the original Austin Outlaws roster were the league's founders. Following the league's establishment as a separate entity from the team, former Outlaws players Laurie Frederick, Jaime Bailey, and Sandra Plato became the league's original IWFL executive council.

The players were amateur/semi-professional and had to cover part of their expenses.
Battle of Steenbergen (1583)
The Battle of Steenbergen, also known as the Capture of Steenbergen of 1583, took place on 17 June 1583 at Steenbergen, Duchy of Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (present-day North Brabant, the Netherlands). This was an important victory for the Spanish Army of Flanders led by Don Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma (Spanish: Alejandro Farnesio), Governor-General of the Spanish Netherlands, over the combined army of Dutch and French led by the French Marshal Armand de Gontaut, Baron de Biron, and the English commander Sir John Norreys, during the Eighty Years' War, and in the context of the French Wars of Religion. The victory of the Spaniards ended the Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours, and Francis, Duke of Anjou (French: François de France), left the Netherlands in late June.

Duchy of Brabant
The Duchy of Brabant, a state of the Holy Roman Empire, was established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant of 1085–1183, and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries. The Duchy comprised part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, until it was partitioned after the Dutch revolt of 1566–1648.

The 1648 Peace of Westphalia ceded present-day North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) to the Generality Lands of the Dutch Republic, while the reduced duchy remained part of the Habsburg Netherlands until French Revolutionary forces conquered it in 1794 — a change recognized by the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797.

Today all the duchy's former territories, apart from exclaves, are divided between Belgium and the Dutch province of North Brabant.
Chloro(cyclopentadienyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium
Chloro(cyclopentadienyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium is the organoruthenium half-sandwich compound with formula RuCl(PPh3)2(C5H5).  It as an air-stable orange crystalline solid that is used in a variety of organometallic synthetic and catalytic transformations.  The compound has idealized Cs symmetry.  It is soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, and acetone.

Triphenylphosphine
Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC name: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 and often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P. It is versatile compound that is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a ligand for transition metal complexes, including ones that serve as catalysts in organometallic chemistry. PPh3 exists as relatively air stable, colorless crystals at room temperature. It dissolves in non-polar organic solvents such as benzene and diethyl ether.
Cleone (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Cleone (Ancient Greek: Κλεώνη Kleônê) or Kleonai (Κλεωναὶ) was one of the naiad daughters of the river-god Asopus and possibly Metope, the river-nymph daughter of the river Ladon. She was the sister of Pelasgus (Pelagon), Ismenus, Chalcis, Corcyra, Salamis, Sinope, Aegina, Peirene, Thebe, Tanagra, Thespia, Asopis, Ornea and Harpina.

The city of Cleonae in Argos was said to be named after her, otherwise from Cleones, son of Pelops.

Pirene (nymph)
In Greek mythology, Pirene or Peirene (Ancient Greek: Πειρήνη means "of the osiers"), a nymph, was either the daughter of the river god Asopus, Laconian king Oebalus, or the river god Achelous, in different sources. By Poseidon she became the mother of Lecheas and Cenchrias.
History of French cattle breeding
The history of French cattle breeding results from intermingling bovine populations from several European offshoots after centuries of breeding and selection practices. The French herd includes crosses with zebus (Bos taurus indicus) in the French overseas departments and territories.

In 2010, the French cattle population numbered 19.3 million head.

Cows in production represented 7.7 million head (4.2 suckling and 3.5 dairy), and milk production in 2005 was 239 million hectolitres.

Abondance cattle
The Abondance is a French breed of dairy cattle. It originated in the high valleys of Haute-Savoie and shares its name with the commune and valley of Abondance and the former canton of Abondance in that region. Its area of origin lies within the former Chablais province of the Duchy of Savoy, and until the late nineteenth century it was for that reason known as the Chablaisienne.

It is distributed principally in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and is well adapted to rough grazing on mountain terrain. It is the fourth-most numerous French breed of dairy cattle; most of the milk produced is used to make Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée cheeses such as Abondance and Reblochon.
Taino, Lombardy
Taino (Italian pronunciation: [taˈiːno]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km northwest of Milan and about 20 km southwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,353 and an area of 7.7 km2.

The municipality of Taino contains the frazione (subdivision) Cheglio (pronounced [ˈkeʎʎo]).

Taino borders the following municipalities: Angera, Sesto Calende.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.
Confederate Army (Peru–Bolivian Confederation)
The Confederate Army (Spanish: Ejército Confederado), preceded in 1835 by the United Army (Spanish: Ejército Unido), was the land army of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation. It was made up by the former armies of Peru and Bolivia and its formal establishment began with the signing of the Constitution of the Confederation.

Bolivian Army
The Bolivian Army (Spanish: Ejército Boliviano) is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.
Figures on the size and composition of the Bolivian army vary considerably, with little official data available. It is estimated that the army has between 26,000 and 60,000 men.
United States historical military districts
There have been many United States Army historical military districts. Domestically, the United States Army has had military districts ranging from 1798 to 1881. They were reorganized several times: in 1800, in 1813, in 1815, in 1821, in 1837, in 1844, in 1848, in 1861, and in 1865. Internationally, military districts included Cuba, the Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories (containing Germany, Italy, Austria, and Japan post-WWII), South Korea, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.

Department of New Mexico
The Department of New Mexico was a department of the United States Army during the mid-19th century. It was created as the 9th Department, a geographical department, in 1848 following the successful conclusion of the Mexican–American War, and renamed Department of New Mexico in 1853. It had to contend with an invading Confederate force during the New Mexico Campaign of the American Civil War from mid-1861 to early 1862, then with Apache tribes during the remainder of the conflict. It was merged into the Department of California after the end of the war as the District of New Mexico.
Grade (ring theory)
In commutative and homological algebra, the grade of a finitely generated module  over a Noetherian ring  is a cohomological invariant defined by vanishing of Ext-modules

For an ideal  the grade is defined via the quotient ring viewed as a module over

The grade is used to define perfect ideals. In general we have the inequality

where the projective dimension is another cohomological invariant.

The grade is tightly related to the depth, since

Under the same conditions on  and  as above, one also defines the -grade of  as

This notion is tied to the existence of maximal -sequences contained in  of length .

Depth (ring theory)
In commutative and homological algebra, depth is an important invariant of rings and modules. Although depth can be defined more generally, the most common case considered is the case of modules over a commutative Noetherian local ring. In this case, the depth of a module is related with its projective dimension by the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula. A more elementary property of depth is the inequality

where  denotes the Krull dimension of the module . Depth is used to define classes of rings and modules with good properties, for example, Cohen-Macaulay rings and modules, for which equality holds.
Diketopiperazine
A diketopiperazine (DKP), also known as a dioxopiperazine or piperazinedione, is a class of organic compounds related to piperazine but containing two amide linkages. DKP's are the smallest known class of cyclic peptide. Despite their name, they are not ketones, but amides. Three regioisomers are possible, differing in the locations of the carbonyl groups.

One isomer is an oxamide obtained from ethylenediamine.

2,5-Diketopiperazines are cyclodipeptides often obtainable via condensation of two α-amino acids.

2,6-Diketopiperazines may be viewed as cyclized imide derivatives derived from iminodiacetic acids.

Of these three isomeric diketopiperazines, the 2,5-derivatives have attracted the greatest interest. Due to their appearance in biologically active natural products, medicinal chemists have been inspired to use DKPs to circumvent the poor physical and metabolic properties of peptides in the course of drug discovery.

Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.
Sergey Kolosov
Sergey Nikolayevich Kolosov (Russian: Сергей Николаевич Колосов; 27 December 1921 – 11 February 2012) was a Soviet and Russian film director, screenwriter, and pedagogue. People's Artist of the USSR (1988).

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Boulevard Émile Jacqmain
The Boulevard Émile Jacqmain (French) or Émile Jacqmainlaan (Dutch) is a central boulevard in Brussels, Belgium. It was created following the covering of the river Senne (1867–1871), and bears the name of Émile Jacqmain, a former Alderman for Public Education.

The Boulevard Émile Jacqmain connects the Place de Brouckère/De Brouckèreplein to the Boulevard du Jardin botanique/Kruidtuinlaan and the Boulevard d'Anvers/Antwerpselaan, in the extension of the Boulevard Anspach/Anspachlaan. This area is served by the metro and premetro (underground tram) stations De Brouckère (on lines 1, 4, 5 and 10) and Rogier (on lines 2, 4, 6 and 10). Its northern section from the Boulevard Baudouin/Boudewijnlaan to the Place Gaucheret/Gaucheretplein was renamed the Boulevard du Roi Albert II/Koning Albert II-laan in 1999.

Brussels tram route 4
The premetro and tram route 4 in Brussels, Belgium, is operated by STIB/MIVB, and connects the Stalle Parking stop in the southern municipality of Uccle to Brussels-North railway station in the municipality of Schaerbeek. It was created on 2 July 2007 as a new route between Esplanade and Stalle Parking. On 31 August 2009, the route was shortened with a new terminus at Brussels-North, while line 3 was expanded between Brussels-North and Esplanade. The colour of the signage for this line is pink.

Following the disbandment of line 3 in 2024, only tram lines 4 and 10 remain in the North–South Axis that runs underneath the Pentagon (Brussels' city centre). Both lines 4 and 10 have a 6-minute schedule during rush hour and are serviced by the modern low-floor trams (Bombardier T3000 and T4000).
Park Jeong Young
Park Jeong Young (Korean: 박정영), sometimes written as Park, Jeong Y., is a professor in the Department of Chemistry at KAIST and associate director at the Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions at the Institute for Basic Science. He is a member of the American Chemical Society and American Vacuum Society among others, an international committee member of Asian Science Camp, and has served on the editorial boards of Scientific Reports, Advanced Materials Interfaces, Journal of the Korean Physical Society, and New Physics.

Gábor A. Somorjai
Gabor A. Somorjai (May 4, 1935 – July 7, 2025) was a Hungarian-born American professor of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, and was a leading researcher in the field of surface chemistry and catalysis, especially the catalytic effects of metal surfaces on gas-phase reactions ("heterogeneous catalysis"). For his contributions to the field, Somorjai won the Wolf Prize in Chemistry in 1998, the Linus Pauling Award in 2000, the National Medal of Science in 2002, the Priestley Medal in 2008, the 2010 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Basic Science and the NAS Award in Chemical Sciences in 2013. In April 2015, Somorjai was awarded the American Chemical Society's William H. Nichols Medal.
Arabic hip-hop
Arabic hip-hop is a segment of hip hop music performed in the Arabic-speaking world. Due to variety of dialects and local genres which exist in the localities, Arabic hip-hop music may appear very diverse depending on the country of the song. Like most artists of the genre, the hip-hop artists from the Arabic-speaking world are highly influenced by American hip-hop.

Raï
Raï (/raɪ.i/, /raɪ/; Arabic: راي, rāʾy, [raʔi]), sometimes written rai, is a form of Algerian folk music that dates back to the 1920s. Singers of Raï are called cheb (شاب) or cheba (شابة), i.e. 'young', as opposed to sheikh (شيخ, 'shaykh'), i.e. 'old', the name given to Chaabi singers. The tradition arose in the city of Oran, primarily among the poor. Traditionally sung by men, by the end of the 20th century, female singers became common. The lyrics have concerned social issues such as disease and the policing of European colonies that affected native populations.
Joseph E. Tofalo
Vice Admiral Joseph Edward Tofalo is a United States Naval officer.  Until 3 August 2018, he served as: Commander Submarine Forces; Commander Submarine Force Atlantic; Commander Task Force 144; Commander Task Force 84; Commander Allied Submarine Command.

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Killian Doyle
Killian Doyle (born 18 April 1997) is an Irish hurler who plays as a centre-forward with the Westmeath senior team.

Born in Raharney, County Westmeath, Doyle developed as a hurler during his secondary schooling at St. Joseph's Secondary School in Rochfortbridge. Here he was an All-Ireland runner-up in 2012. Doyle simultaneously made his first appearances for the Raharney club at underage levels, before winning county senior championship medals in 2014 and 2016.

Doyle made his debut on the inter-county scene at the age of fifteen when he was selected for the Westmeath minor team. He enjoyed four championship seasons with the minor team. Doyle subsequently joined the Westmeath under-21 team. He made his senior debut during the 2016 league.

On 8 September 2022, Doyle was nominated for a PwC All-Star award, Westmeath's first hurling nomination since 1986 when David Kilcoyne won their first and only All-Star.

David Kilcoyne (hurler)
David Kilcoyne is a former hurler from County Westmeath, Ireland. He won Westmeath's first ever All Star Award in Football or Hurling in 1986. He won All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship medals in 1985 and 1991, and a Walsh Cup in 1982. He won two Westmeath Senior Hurling Championship medals with his club Ringtown in 1980 and 1987, as well as an Under 21 Championship medal. During his time playing at inter-county level, he was joined at different times by his brothers Michael, Padraic, James and Sean.
1928 VFL season
The 1928 VFL season was the 32nd season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest-level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured twelve clubs and ran from 21 April to 29 September, comprising an 18-match home-and-away season followed by a four-week finals series featuring the top four clubs.

Collingwood won the premiership, defeating Richmond by 33 points in the 1928 VFL grand final; it was Collingwood's second consecutive premiership and seventh VFL premiership overall. Collingwood also won the minor premiership by finishing atop the home-and-away ladder with a 15–3 win–loss record. Melbourne's Ivor Warne-Smith won his second Brownlow Medal as the league's best and fairest player, and Collingwood's Gordon Coventry won his third consecutive leading goalkicker medal as the league's leading goalkicker.

Ivor Warne-Smith
Ivor Warne-Smith (29 October 1897 – 4 March 1960) was an Australian footballer who played for the Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League and for the Latrobe Football Club in the North-Western Football Union in Tasmania. During his time with Melbourne he won two Brownlow Medals, played in their 1926 premiership side, was captain-coach of the club and represented his state of Victoria on numerous occasions. Warne-Smith remained involved with the club for the rest of his life and was named in the Melbourne Football Club Team of the Century. He was also named in the Tasmanian Team of the Century. Warne-Smith fought in both World War I and World War II.
Petrelik Island
Petrelik Island (Bulgarian: остров Петрелик, romanized: ostrov Petrelik, IPA: [ˈɔstrof pɛtrɛˈlik]) is a rocky island in the southwest part of Hamburg Bay on the northwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.  The feature is 380 m long in southwest-northeast direction and 200 m wide, and is separated from Emen Island to the southeast by a 160 m wide passage.

The island is named after the settlement of Petrelik in Southwestern Bulgaria.

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
Synchronization
Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or in time. Systems that operate with all parts in synchrony are said to be synchronous or in sync—and those that are not are asynchronous.

Today, time synchronization can occur between systems around the world through satellite navigation signals and other time and frequency transfer techniques.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Ze'ev Zrizi
Ze'ev Zrizi (Hebrew: זאב זריזי; 1916 – August 3, 2011) was an Israeli politician who was the second mayor of the city of Beersheba.

Zrizi was a member of the city council from 1949, representing Mapam. In 1961 after political changes within the city, the city council appointed him to replace founding Mayor David Tuviyahu.

In 1963, Zrizi was succeeded by Eliyahu Nawi, although he continued serving as Nawi's deputy in the ruling Mapai–Mapam coalition for nearly 20 years.

David Tuviyahu
David Tuviyahu (Hebrew: דוד טוביהו; 20 November 1898 – 1975) was an Israeli politician and trade unionist who served as the first mayor of the city of Beersheba after the establishment of the State of Israel.