hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zona incerta
The zona incerta (ZI) is a horizontally elongated small nucleus that separates the larger subthalamic nucleus from the thalamus. Its connections project extensively over the brain from the cerebral cortex down into the spinal cord.

Its function is unknown, though several potential functions related to "limbic–motor integration" have been proposed, such as controlling visceral activity and pain; gating sensory input and synchronizing cortical and subcortical brain rhythms. Its dysfunction may play a role in central pain syndrome. It has also been identified as a promising deep brain stimulation therapy target for treating Parkinson's disease.

Its existence was first described by Auguste Forel in 1877 as a "region of which nothing certain can be said". A hundred and thirty years later in 2007, Nadia Urbain and Martin Deschênes of Université Laval noted that the "zona incerta is among the least studied regions of the brain; its name does not even appear in the index of many textbooks."

Pedunculopontine nucleus
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT or PPTg) is a collection of neurons located in the upper pons in the brainstem. It is involved in voluntary movements, arousal, and provides sensory feedback to the cerebral cortex and one of the main components of the ascending reticular activating system. It is a potential target for deep brain stimulation treatment for Parkinson's disease. It was first described in 1909 by Louis Jacobsohn-Lask, a German neuroanatomist.
Cycling at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Cycling at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games was the fifth appearance of Cycling at the Commonwealth Games. The events were held in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958.

The track events took place at Maindy Stadium, while the road race course was a 120 miles loop around Ogmore-by-Sea.

England topped the cycling medal table with three gold medals.

Cycling at the Commonwealth Games
Cycling is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games competition. It has been a Commonwealth Games sport since the second edition of the event's precursor, the 1934 British Empire Games. It is an optional sport and may, or may not, be included in the sporting programme of each edition of the Games, but has appeared in every edition of the Games to date. Australia have been the most successful nation in the event by a significant margin, with England and New Zealand closely matched for second place. Australia have led the medal table 16 times, one of which was shared by Canada, including every edition of the Games since 1990. England have led the table four times, but not since 1974. New Zealand have topped the table once, in their home Games of 1990.
Earl Canning
Earl Canning was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1859 for the Conservative politician and then Viceroy of India, Charles Canning, 2nd Viscount Canning. He was the third and youngest son of the noted politician George Canning, Foreign Secretary from 1807 to 1809 and from 1822 to 1827, and Chancellor of the Exchequer and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1827. In 1828 George Canning's widow Joan was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom in honour of her husband as Viscountess Canning, of Kilbraham in the County of Kilkenny, with remainder to the heirs male of her body by her late husband. Lady Canning was the daughter of Major-General John Scott.

The first Earl Canning was childless and on his death in 1862 both titles became extinct.

Two other members of the Canning family also gained distinction. Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe, and George Canning, 1st Baron Garvagh, were both first cousins of George Canning.

George Canning, 1st Baron Garvagh
George Canning, 1st Baron Garvagh FRS (15 November 1778 – 20 August 1840) was an Anglo-Irish Member of Parliament.

Garvagh was the son of Paul Canning and the grandson of Stratford Canning of Garvagh in County Londonderry. Prime Minister George Canning and the diplomat Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe, were his first cousins. He was elected to the House of Commons for Sligo Borough in 1806, a seat he held until 1812, and then represented Petersfield from 1812 to 1820. On 1 February 1810 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and on 28 October 1818 he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Garvagh, of Garvagh in the County of Londonderry. Lord Garvagh later served as Lord Lieutenant of County Londonderry between 1831 and 1840.  He died while staying at a hotel in Châlons-sur-Marne (now renamed Châlons-en-Champagne) in August 1840, aged 61, and was succeeded in the barony by his son Charles Henry Spencer George Canning.
Merger of Kanyakumari with Madras State
The present-day Kanyakumari district and parts of Tenkasi district of Tamil Nadu state in India was originally a part of the Travancore-Cochin state. Between 1945 and 1956, especially after the Government of India announced plans to reorganize states along linguistic lines, the people of Tamil-majority Kanyakumari campaigned for its inclusion in the Madras State (later Tamil Nadu) instead of the Malayalam-majority Kerala state. In Tamil, the campaign is also known as Therkku Ellai Porattam ("South Frontier Struggle").

The campaign was successful: Agastheeswaram, Kalkulam, Thovalai, Vilavancode and half part of Shenkottai taluks were merged with Madras as per the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. The first four were combined to form the present-day Kanyakumari district, while Shenkottai was merged with the Tirunelveli district present day tenkasi district

Peermade
Peermade, also spelt Peerumedu is a village, Grama Panchayat and hill station in the state of Kerala, in southwestern India. It lies 915 metres (3,002 ft) above sea level in the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Kottayam on the way to Kumily.
Toshihisa Tsuchihashi
Toshihisa Tsuchihashi (土橋 登志久, Tsuchihashi Toshihisa; born October 18, 1966 in Kagoshima) is a former tennis player from Japan. In May 1988, Tsuchihashi achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 359.  He proceeded to represent his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, where he was defeated by Mexico's Agustín Moreno in the first round. In October 1989, he became a quarterfinals of the 1989 ATP Challenger Series.

Agustín Moreno
Agustín Moreno (born 31 March 1967) is a tennis coach and a former tennis player from Mexico.

Moreno represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, where he was defeated in the second round by Sweden's Stefan Edberg. He reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 18 July 1988 of world No. 120. His career high ranking in doubles was No. 40. In 1985, he became the World No. 1 in the junior ITF rankings after winning the Wimbledon doubles title. Moreno was a key player in the Mexican Davis cup team during his era.

He is currently the Head Women's coach of Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles.
Parkcross
The Parkcross, also named Cyclocross Vossenhol-Maldegem is a cyclo-cross race held in Maldegem, Belgium. The men's race was held for the first time in 2007, the women's race in 2015. It is traditionally held on the Wednesday following the weekend of the UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships, in Sint-Annapark in the center of Maldegem. Since 2017 (except for the 2023 edition) it has been part of the Exact Cross series.

UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
The UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships are the world championships for cyclo-cross organised by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Starting in 2022, seven events are organized each year – men's elite, women's elite, men's under 23, women's under 23, men's under 18 (Men's Juniors), women's under 18 (Women's Juniors) and a Mixed team relay event. In recent years, the mixed relay race is held on a Friday and the rest of the races on Saturday and Sunday after that.

The UCI awards a gold medal and a rainbow jersey to the winner. Silver and bronze medals are awarded to the second and third place contestants. World champions wear their rainbow jersey until the following year's championship, but they may wear it only in the type of event in which they won it.
Jock the Leg and the Merry Merchant
Jock the Leg and the Merry Merchant (Roud 3856, Child 282), sometimes just called Jock the Leg, is an English-language folk ballad. The ballad tells of a merchant who defends himself from a thief. The story is similar to those of Robin Hood, except that the merchant does not join the band of thieves.

Child Ballads
The Child Ballads are 305 traditional ballads from England and Scotland, and their American variants, anthologized by Francis James Child during the second half of the 19th century. Their lyrics and Child's studies of them were published as The English and Scottish Popular Ballads. The tunes of most of the ballads were collected and published by Bertrand Harris Bronson in and around the 1960s.
Jaime Martí
Jaime Martí Marcos (born 5 October 1979 in Madrid) is a Spanish sabre fencer. Marti represented Spain at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed in the men's individual sabre event, along with his teammate Jorge Pina. He defeated Russia's Nikolay Kovalev in the preliminary round of thirty-two, before losing out his next match to China's Zhong Man, with a sudden death score of 14–15.

Zhong Man
Zhong Man (simplified Chinese: 仲满; traditional Chinese: 仲滿; pinyin: Zhòng Mǎn, born February 28, 1983, in Nantong, Jiangsu) is a Chinese sabre fencer, who competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, winning the second ever gold medal for China in fencing. During the 07/08 season, he was ranked number 2 in the world.
Trockenbeerenauslese
Trockenbeerenauslese (German: [ˈtʁɔkn̩beːʁənˌʔaʊ̯sleːzə] ⓘ, lit. 'dried berry selection'), or TBA, is a German or Austrian botrytized wine made entirely from the individually selected grapes fully "dried" from Botrytis cinerea ("noble rot"), hence the name. Trockenbeerenauslese is a very sweet wine, highest among the wines of the QmP ("quality wine with distinction") category that includes also Auslese and Beerenauslese.

Must weight
Must weight is a measure of the amount of sugar in grape juice (must) and, hence, indicates the amount of alcohol that could be produced if it is all fermented to alcohol, rather than left as residual sugar.
Frank Messina
Frank Messina (born c. 1968) is an American poet, author and performance artist.

Among his four published works, Messina is the author of Full Count: The Book of Mets Poetry, a 2009 work that focused on baseball fanaticism. His 2002 book, Disorderly Conduct, focused on reactions to the September 11 terrorist attacks and is based on his experience as a volunteer for three days at Liberty State Park assisting rescue workers at Ground Zero. He has performed on stage with musicians such as members of Phish, the Spin Doctors and Sun Ra Arkestra and composer David Amram. On September 11, 2011, Messina performed his poem, "Bicycle", at Symphony Space in New York City to mark the tenth anniversary of the attacks, and was accompanied by Amram on piano.

David Amram
David Werner Amram III (born November 17, 1930) is an American composer, arranger, and conductor of orchestral, chamber, and choral works, many with jazz flavorings. He plays piano, French horn, Spanish guitar, and pennywhistle, and sings.
Departmental Council of Ariège
The Departmental Council of Ariège (French: Conseil départemental de l'Ariège, Occitan: Conselh departamental d'Arièja) is the deliberative assembly of the French department of Ariège. Its headquarters are in Foix.

Ariège (department)
Ariège (French pronunciation: [aʁjɛʒ] ⓘ; Occitan: Arièja [aɾiˈɛdʒɔ]) is a department in southwestern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It is named after the river Ariège and its capital is Foix. Ariège is known for its rural landscape, with a population of 153,287 as of 2019. Its INSEE and postal code is 09. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ariègeois or Ariègeoises.
1982–83 IIHF European Cup
The 1982–83 European Cup was the 18th edition of the European Cup, IIHF's premier European club ice hockey tournament. The season started on October 12, 1982, and finished on August 28, 1983.

The tournament was won by CSKA Moscow, who won the final group.

IIHF European Cup
The IIHF European Cup, also known as the Europa Cup, was a European ice hockey club competition for champions of national leagues which was contested between 1965 and 1997, governed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).
Color and Symmetry
Color and Symmetry is a book by Arthur L. Loeb published by Wiley Interscience in 1971. The author adopts an unconventional algorithmic approach to generating the line and plane groups based on the concept of "rotocenter" (the invariant point of a rotation). He then introduces the concept of two or more colors to derive all of the plane dichromatic symmetry groups and some of the polychromatic symmetry groups.

Dichromatic symmetry
Dichromatic symmetry, also referred to as antisymmetry, black-and-white symmetry, magnetic symmetry, counterchange symmetry or dichroic symmetry, is a symmetry operation which reverses an object to its opposite. A more precise definition is "operations of antisymmetry transform objects possessing two possible values of a given property from one value to the other." Dichromatic symmetry refers specifically to two-coloured symmetry; this can be extended to three or more colours in which case it is termed polychromatic symmetry. A general term for dichromatic and polychromatic symmetry is simply colour symmetry. Dichromatic symmetry is used to describe magnetic crystals and in other areas of physics, such as time reversal, which require two-valued symmetry operations.
Asturica Augusta
Asturica Augusta was a Roman city corresponding to the Spanish city of Astorga, in the province of León. Founded around 14 BC as a camp of the Legio X Gemina, at the beginning of the first century it developed as a civil center and was the capital of the Asturicense conventus iurudicus, within the province of Tarraconense.

Located on a hill overlooking a large territory, from the mountains of León to the plains of the Páramo, during the first and second centuries it acquired great importance due to the control of gold mining in the northwest of the peninsula. It was an important communications hub, which, via numerous roads, linked the city with some of the most important centers of Roman Hispania.

Its ruins are hidden under the present city and among these are the Roman Ergastula, the two thermal complexes and the sewage system, as well as the domus of the Mosaic of the Bear and the Birds.

Antonine Itinerary
The Antonine Itinerary (Latin: Itinerarium Antonini Augusti, "Itinerary of the Emperor Antoninus") is an itinerarium, a register of the stations and distances along various roads. Seemingly based on official documents, possibly in part from a survey carried out under Augustus, it describes the roads of the Roman Empire. Owing to the scarcity of other extant records of this type, it is a valuable historical record.
2019 Players Championship Finals
The 2019 Ladbrokes Players Championship Finals was the twelfth edition of the PDC darts tournament, which sees the top 64 players from the 30 Players Championship events of 2019 taking part. The tournament took place from 22–24 November 2019 at Butlin's Resort in Minehead.

Daryl Gurney was the defending champion after defeating Michael van Gerwen 11–9 in the 2018 competition, but he lost 6–5 in the first round to Luke Woodhouse.

Van Gerwen hit the first televised nine-dart finish in over a year in his second round victory over Adrian Lewis.

Van Gerwen went on to become Players Champion for the fifth time, beating Gerwyn Price 11–9 in the final.

Players Championship Finals
The Players Championship Finals is a darts tournament organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. The tournament originally featured the top 32 players from the Players Championship Order of Merit, a separate ranking system that only takes into account the non-televised Players Championship events on the PDC Pro Tour. In 2016, the field increased to 64 players.

The tournament was first announced at the PDC Awards Dinner in January 2008 by PDC chairman Barry Hearn. It was initially held from late January to February, and originally took place at the Circus Tavern in Purfleet, the venue for the first 14 PDC World Championships. For the third edition, the event moved to the Doncaster Dome. The 2012 edition took place in December at Butlins Minehead and has remained at that venue for all subsequent tournaments, with the exception of the 2020 tournament, which was moved to Coventry, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Onobrychis viciifolia
Onobrychis viciifolia, also known as O. sativa or common sainfoin (/ˈsænfɔɪn/) was an important forage legume in temperate regions until the 1950s. During the Green Revolution it was replaced by high yielding alfalfa and clover species. Due to its anthelmintic properties, common sainfoin is a natural alternative to drugs to control nematode parasitism in the guts of small ruminants. This is the main reason why O. viciifolia returned to the scientific agenda in recent years.

Alfalfa
Alfalfa (/ælˈfælfə/; in North America), lucerne (in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), Medicago sativa is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world and is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as well as a green manure and cover crop. It has also been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Alfalfa has clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiraled in two to three turns containing 10–20 seeds. It is native to warmer temperate climates.
Buise
Buise was one of the East Frisian Islands off the North Sea coast of Germany that was almost entirely engulfed by the sea in the second half of the 17th century. The only remaining part is the eastern end, known today as the island of Norderney. Buise itself was formed by the breakup of a bigger island. Two possible origins are mentioned: the breakup of the island Burchana in the flood of 1219, and the breakup of the island Bant (island) in 1170, which also formed Juist, Borkum and Memmert.

Buise broke up in two parts in 1362. The eastern part was called Osterende initially, and later "Norder neye Oog" (Nordens New Island), and today is the island Norderney. The western part disappeared slowly over the ages as a result of erosion, but sources do not agree on the exact date of the disappearance of Buise (the St. Peter's Flood of 1651 or 1690).

Juist
Juist (German pronunciation: [ˈjyːst] ⓘ; Low German: Juist) is an island and municipality in the district of Aurich in Lower Saxony in Germany. The island is one of seven East Frisian Islands at the edge of the Lower Saxon Wadden Sea in the southern North Sea. It is located between Borkum Island (west), Memmert Island (southwest) and Norderney (east). The island is 17 km (11 mi) long and from 500 metres (1,600 ft) to 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) wide, depending on the tide levels. There are two villages on the island: the main village Juist, and Loog. The island is separated from Norderney by the Norderneyer Seegatt.
Afang soup
Afang soup is a vegetable soup that originates from the Efik people of Cross River State in southern Nigeria. They share this soup with their neighbors the Oron people of Akwa Ibom State. It is a dish commonly known by Nigerians and also in some other parts of Africa. It is especially common among the Efik people of Cross River and the Oron people of Akwa Ibom. The Ibibio people of Akwa Ibom adopted this soup as part of their cultural identity. It is served at home and also sometimes at ceremonies such as weddings, birthdays, burials, and festivals, mostly in the southern part of Nigeria. Afang soup is nutritious and its preparation cost is adaptable based on family needs.

Vegetable soup
Vegetable soup is a common soup prepared using vegetables (including leaf vegetables, and sometimes loosely mushrooms) as primary ingredients. It dates to ancient history, and in modern times is also a mass-produced food product.
Lusekofte
The lusekofte (Norwegian: [ˈlʉ̀ːsəˌkɔftə], lice jacket), also called the Setesdalsgenser (Setesdal sweater) is a traditional Norwegian sweater, dating from the 19th century.

The original sweater features a black and white design, the name referring to the isolated black stitches. They may also feature selburose designs.  In recent times additional color is sometimes given to this black and white sweater by woven ribbons or bands of black woolen fabric embroidered in the type of colorful designs also found in the bunads and in rosemaling around the neck and along the front opening.  These front opening are usually closed by a row of pewter or silver clasps.

After the lusekofte was discovered by tourists in the 1920s, it became very popular and today they are made in many different patterns and colours in addition to the traditional Setesdal sweater.

The lusekofte is casual attire, traditionally mostly worn by men.

Bunad
Bunad (Norwegian: [ˈbʉ̂ːnɑd], plural: bunader/bunadar) is a Norwegian umbrella term. In a broader sense, the term encompasses household, householding equipment, and livestock as well as both traditional rural clothes (mostly dating to the 18th and 19th centuries) and modern 20th-century folk costumes. In its narrowest sense, the word bunad refers only to clothes designed in the early 20th century that are loosely based on traditional costumes.

The bunad movement has its root in 19th-century national romanticism, which included an interest for traditional folk costumes not only in Norway, but also in neighbouring countries such as Denmark and notably Germany. However, in Norway, national romanticist ideas had a more lasting impact, as seen in the use of folk-inspired costumes.
2021 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 2021 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University during the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by fourth-year head coach Jonathan Smith. The team played their home games on campus at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon, as a member of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.

Defensive Coordinator Tim Tibesar's contract was terminated on November 7, the day after their 37–34 loss to Colorado.

Reser Stadium
Reser Stadium is an outdoor athletic stadium on the campus of Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon, United States. The home of the Oregon State Beavers of the Pac-12 Conference, it opened in 1953 as Parker Stadium and was renamed in 1999. At 12-13 stories and 135 ft (41 m) tall it is the tallest man-made structure in Corvallis and Benton County history and the tallest building between Eugene, Oregon, and the Salem metropolitan area.

Renovations for a new southwest grandstand decreased the seating capacity to 35,548 starting with the 2023 season. The FieldTurf playing field runs northwest to southeast, at an approximate elevation of 240 feet (73 m) above sea level, with the press box above the grandstand on the southwest sideline.
Mackworth (1779 ship)
Mackworth was launched at Neath in 1779. The Admiralty immediately hired her and from June 1779 to March 1783 she served as an armed ship. Between 1783 and 1786 Mackworth traded with the Baltic and the West Indies. In 1786 new owners renamed her Ceres. Ceres was last listed in 1794 with data unchanged since 1791.

Hired armed vessels
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Royal Navy made use of a large number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Royal Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.