hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1930 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 1930 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State College as an independent during the 1930 college football season. In their second season under head coach Jim Crowley, the Spartans compiled a 5–1–2 record and played to a scoreless tie in their annual rivalry game with Michigan. In inter-sectional play, the team defeated Colgate (14–7) and North Dakota State (19–11) and lost to Georgetown (14–13).

The 1930 Michigan State team played "iron man" football with few substitutions. Sophomore halfback Bob Monnett led the way, playing 440 minutes for the team, missing only 40 minutes from the team's eight games. Center Francis "Buddy" Meyers ranked second with 434 minutes played followed by quarterback Roger Grove (419 minutes), end Cecil Fogg (418 minutes), and tackles Ralph Brunette (414 minutes) and Don Ridler (411 minutes).

Don Ridler
Donald George Ridler (April 2, 1909 – June 4, 1963) was an American football player, coach, and athletics administrator. He played college football for Michigan State College (later known as Michigan State University) and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Indians during the 1931 season. He later became the football coach and athletic director at Lawrence Technological University. He remained the athletic director at Lawrence Tech for 25 years.  He also served as the school's basketball coach starting in the mid-1940s and led the team to the 1951 National Invitation Tournament.

Ridler served as entertainment director for the Michigan State Fair from 1950 to 1962.  He died at his home in Novi, Michigan, in 1963 at age 54.
2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool B
Group B of the 2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group II of the 2010 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the 2011 Group I.

2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Using the positions determined in their pools, the nine teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II. The top team advanced to Group I for the next year.
Clarence Remus Wilson
Clarence Remus Wilson was a Rosine, Kentucky farmer who also played the fiddle and five-string banjo. He has been called one of the "greats" of hillbilly music, along with James "Uncle Pen" Vandiver, Kennedy Jones, and Bill Monroe. He also played with Blues musician Arnold Schultz, when Schultz was in town. There is a photo of Schultz and Wilson sitting outside on folding chairs, posing with their instruments, Schultz with his guitar and Wilson with his fiddle.

Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (/mənˈroʊ/ mən-ROH; September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American mandolinist, singer, and songwriter who created the bluegrass music genre. For this reason, he is often called the "Father of Bluegrass".

The genre takes its name from his band, the Blue Grass Boys, who named their group for the bluegrass of Monroe's home state of Kentucky. He described the genre as "Scottish bagpipes and ole-time fiddlin'. It's Methodist and Holiness and Baptist. It's blues and jazz, and it has a high lonesome sound."
Lorenzo Domínguez
Lorenzo Domínguez (Santiago de Chile 1901-Mendoza, Argentina 1963) was a prolific Latin American sculptor whose art is a deliberate and personal synthesis of pre-Columbian and Rapa Nui (Easter Island) aesthetics with a European artistic formation.

Tangata manu
The Tangata manu (Rapa Nui: taŋata manu; lit. 'birdman') was the winner of a traditional ritual competition on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) to collect the first sooty tern (manu tara) egg of the season from the nearby islet of Motu Nui, swim back to Rapa Nui, and climb the sea cliffs of Rano Kau to the clifftop village of Orongo.
1998–99 Kent Football League
The 1998–99 Kent Football League season (known as the Winstonlead Kent League for sponsorship reasons) was the 33rd in the history of Kent Football League a football competition in England.

The League structure comprised two divisions: a Premier Division together with a Reserves Section league, Division One. The two divisions had been renamed respectively from Division One and Division Two of the previous season. Reserves teams were not permitted in the Premier Division. Additionally there were two league cup competitions: the Challenge Cup for the Premier Division clubs and another for the teams in the Reserves Section.

From this season onwards the grounds where Premier Division matches were played were required to have floodlights.

Whitstable Town F.C.
Whitstable Town F.C. is a football club based in Whitstable, Kent, England.  The club was established in 1885 and joined the Kent League in 1950.  In the 2024–25 season, the team won the FA Vase. They were champions of the Kent League Premier Division in the 2006–07 season.  They are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Premier Division.
Sinon station
Sinon station is a railway station of the Korean State Railway in Sinol-li, Taegwan County, North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, on P'yŏngbuk Line of the Korean State Railway. It is also the starting point of the Taegwalli Line, which serves a private station for the Workers' Party of Korea elite.

Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국 철도성; MR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk Ch'ŏltosŏng), commonly called the State Rail (Korean: 국철; MR: Kukch'ŏl). Its headquarters are in P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun-song.
Club Atlético Nueva Chicago
Club Atlético Nueva Chicago is an Argentine sports club based in Mataderos, a neighborhood in the west side of Buenos Aires, formerly called "Nueva Chicago". The club's nickname, El Torito (lit. 'The Little Bull') is an allusion to legendary 1930s boxer Justo Suárez, known as El Torito de Mataderos ('The Little Bull of Mataderos').

The club is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in Primera B Nacional, the second division of the Argentine football league system. Other sports practised at the club are basketball, boxing, field hockey, futsal, handball, roller skating and volleyball.

Primera B Metropolitana
Primera B Metropolitana, also known as B Metro is one of two professional leagues that form the third level of the Argentine football league system. The division is made up of 17 clubs mainly from the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area, Greater Buenos Aires.

Originally created as the second division, it became the third level after a restructuring of the system in 1985 that ended with the creation of Primera B Nacional, set as the second division since then.

The other league at level three is the Torneo Federal A, where teams from regional leagues take part.
Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.4
The Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.4 was a twin-engine biplane aircraft built by the Royal Aircraft Factory in 1916. Intended as a cannon armed ground-attack aircraft, it was unsuccessful, only two being built.

COW 37 mm gun
The COW 37 mm gun was a British automatic cannon that was developed during First World War as a large-calibre aircraft weapon. It was tested in several installations and specified for the Westland C.O.W. Gun Fighter for attacking bombers. The tests did not yield satisfactory results and the weapon did not enter general service except on a few flying boats. The design was later adapted as the basis of the Vickers S, which saw some service during the Second World War as an anti-armour weapon.
2014 Perth Glory FC (women) season
The 2014 Perth Glory FC W-League season was the club's seventh participation in the W-League, since the league's formation in 2008.

During this season, the Glory Women broke several W-League records including most points in a single season (30), as well as most goals scored by a player in a single game (5, Kate Gill). Gill also won the Season 7 Golden Boot award for the second time in her W-League career, with a total of 12 goals. They began the season going from strength to strength notching 6 straight wins, their best ever start to a season.

This was the final season before Perth Glory FC resumed control of the club from Football West. With no premiership trophy being offered by Football Federation Australia, Football West commissioned a trophy when the team won the W-League premiership against Western Sydney Wanderers.

Kate Gill
Kathryn Anne "Kate" Gill (born 10 December 1984) is an Australian former soccer player. She played the majority of her career in Australia, in the Women's National Soccer League (WNSL) and the W-League. She also played in Sweden in the Damallsvenskan. Between 2004 and 2015, Gill played 86 matches for the Australia women's national soccer team. She is a striker.
Muskowekwan 85-12
Muskowekwan 85-12 is an Indian reserve of the Muskowekwan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Kelliher. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 0 living in 0 of its 0 total private dwellings.

Kelliher, Saskatchewan
Kelliher (2016 population: 217) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Kellross No. 247 and Census Division No. 10. The village is located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) north of the city of Regina.
Borcea
Borcea is a commune situated in the eastern part of Călărași County, Muntenia, Romania. It is one of the most populous communes in the county and it is situated on the west bank of the Borcea branch (a section of the Danube). The commune was formed  as a result of the administrative reform of 1968 by joining two neighboring villages, Cocargeaua and Pietroiu. Today, it is composed of two villages, Borcea and Pietroiu.

The commune is home to the Romanian Air Force 86th Air Base.

Fetești
Fetești (Romanian pronunciation: [feˈteʃtʲ]) is a city in Ialomița County, Muntenia, Romania. It is located in the Bărăgan Plain, on the Borcea branch of the Danube. Fetești has the second largest population in Ialomița County, after Slobozia.

In 1895, the King Carol I railway bridge was built across the Danube to Cernavodă. A newer one was built in the 1980s as part of the Bucharest–Constanța A2 highway.
Lu Kang (Eastern Wu)
Lu Kang (226 – August or September 274), courtesy name Youjie, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the second son of Lu Xun, the third Imperial Chancellor of Wu. Lu Kang inherited his father's mantle but was less involved in politics as he served mainly in the Wu military. He rose to prominence during the reign of the fourth and last Wu emperor, Sun Hao. In 272, he successfully suppressed a rebellion by Bu Chan and fended off invading forces from Wu's rival, the Jin dynasty. After the Battle of Xiling, he actively pursued a policy of détente with the Jin general Yang Hu at the Wu–Jin border. At the same time, he constantly submitted memorials to Sun Hao, urging the tyrannical emperor to change his ways and govern with benevolence, but his advice fell on deaf ears. In 280, about six years after Lu Kang's death, the Jin dynasty launched a campaign against Wu and conquered it within six months.

Chen Shou
Chen Shou (Chinese: 陳壽; 233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚), was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is best known for his most celebrated work, the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), which records the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. Chen Shou wrote the Sanguozhi primarily in the form of biographies of notable persons of those eras. Today, Chen's Records of the Three Kingdoms is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
History of mobile phones
The history of mobile phones covers mobile communication devices that connect wirelessly to the public switched telephone network.

While the transmission of speech by signal has a long history, the first devices that were wireless, mobile, and also capable of connecting to the standard telephone network are much more recent. The first such devices were barely portable compared to today's compact hand-held devices, and their use was clumsy.

Drastic changes have taken place in both the networking of wireless communication and the prevalence of its use, with smartphones becoming common globally and a growing proportion of Internet access now done via mobile broadband.

MTD (mobile network)
MTD (Swedish abbreviation for Mobiltelefonisystem D, or Mobile telephony system D) was a manual mobile phone system for the 450 MHz frequency band. It was introduced in 1971 in Sweden, and lasted until 1987, when it was made obsolete by the NMT automatic service. The MTD network had 20,000 users at its peak, with 700 people employed as phone operators.

MTD was also implemented in Denmark and in Norway (from 1976), which allowed roaming within the Scandinavian countries.
History of Asturias
The History of Asturias includes everything from when the Paleolithic tribes settled in the Cantabrian Coast to the modern post-industrial society of today. On the etymology of the term "Asturias", some think that its origin can be traced back to the name of the Astura river (today the Esla river), whose inhabitants were called "astures" by the Roman authors.

El Musel
El Musel is a seaport located in the north of Spain in Asturias, and in the middle point of the Cantabrian Sea coast, it is the Port of Gijón as a gateway to Europe through the A-66 and A-8 highways, allowing direct access to the west and centre of the Iberian Peninsula.
Giulio Cesare Uccelini
Giulio Cesare Uccelini (Milan, March 11, 1904 – Milan, 23 March 1957) was a leading figure in Catholic Scouting in Lombardy and in the Italian resistance movement through the end of World War II.

Uccellini joined Scouting around 1917, when, despite the opposition of his father, he entered the Milan group II ASCI (Associazione Scouts Cattolici Italiani). Driven by a strong civic and religious sense, he renounced his professional career in the Bank of Italy and the creation of a family to dedicate his life to Scouting, even after 1928, when the fascist laws outlawed the Scout movement.

Associazione Scouts Cattolici Italiani
The Associazione Scouts Cattolici Italiani (Association of Italian Catholic Scouts, ASCI) was a Catholic Scouting association active in Italy from 1916 to 1974, while being suspended under Fascism.

In 1974, after a long debate, ASCI was merged with the Associazione Guide Italiane (AGI), its female counterpart, started in 1943, to form the Associazione Guide e Scouts Cattolici Italiani (AGESCI), one of the first coeducational organizations in world Scouting. Many ASCI leaders who disagreed with the merger (and the principle of coeducation) formed the Associazione Italiana Guide e Scouts d'Europa Cattolici (AIGSEC) in 1976, along with former leaders of AGI and disgruntled members of AGESCI.
Potamogeton perfoliatus
Potamogeton perfoliatus (claspingleaf pondweed, perfoliate pondweed, redhead grass) is a perennial aquatic plant in the family Potamogetonaceae occurring in both standing and flowing freshwater habitats. It is widely distributed globally, occurring in all continents except South America and Antarctica.

Potamogetonaceae
The Potamogetonaceae, commonly referred to as the pondweed family, is an aquatic family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. The roughly 110 known species are divided over five genera. The largest genus in the family by far is Potamogeton, which contains about 100 species.

The family has a subcosmopolitan distribution, and is considered to be one of the most important angiosperm groups in the aquatic environment because of its use as food and habitat for aquatic animals.
Microevolution
Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occurs over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow and genetic drift. This change happens over a relatively short (in evolutionary terms) amount of time compared to the changes termed macroevolution.

Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.

Microevolution provides the raw material for macroevolution.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Brønderslev railway station
Brønderslev railway station (Danish: Brønderslev Station or Brønderslev Banegård) is a railway station serving the town of Brønderslev in Vendsyssel, Denmark. It is situated in the central part of the town, immediately adjacent to Brønderslev's bus station.

The station is located on the Vendsyssel Line from Aalborg to Frederikshavn. It opened in 1871 and was moved to its current location in 1966. The train services are operated by the railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner, which runs frequent regional train services to Aalborg and Frederikshavn. Its second and current station building in modernist style was built in 1966 to designs by the Danish architect Ole Ejnar Bonding.

DSB (railway company)
DSB, an abbreviation of Danske Statsbaner (pronounced [ˈtænskə ˈstɛˀtsˌpɛːnɐ], Danish State Railways), is the largest Danish train operating company. It's also the largest train operating company in Scandinavia. While DSB is responsible for passenger train operation on most of the Danish railways, goods transport and railway maintenance are outside its scope. DSB runs a commuter rail system, called the S-train, in the area around the Danish capital, Copenhagen, that connects the different areas and suburbs in the greater metropolitan area. Between 2010 and 2017, DSB operated trains in Sweden.

DSB was founded in 1885, when the state-owned companies De jysk-fynske Statsbaner and De sjællandske Statsbaner merged. DSB was established in 1885, after the state in 1867 under the name De Jutland-Fynske Statsbaner took over the private company Det Danske Jernbanedriftselskab and in 1880 they also took over the privately owned Zealand Railway Company.
Baguida
Baguida is a canton and city of the suburbs of Lomé, the capital of Togo. It was itself once the capital.

Baguida is located approximately 13 kilometers east of Lomé. It is situated between the neighborhoods of Damavo, Kagomé, Avépozo and the littoral, on national highway 5 leading to Cotonou, Benin.

Lomé
Lomé (UK: /ˈloʊmeɪ/ LOH-may, US: /loʊˈmeɪ/ loh-MAY) is the capital and largest city of Togo. It has an urban population of 837,437 while there were 2,188,376 permanent residents in its metropolitan area as of the 2022 census. Located on the Gulf of Guinea at the southwest corner of the country, with its entire western border along the easternmost edge of Ghana's Volta Region, Lomé is the country's administrative and industrial center, which includes an oil refinery. It is also the country's chief port, from where it exports coffee, cocoa, copra, and oil palm kernels.

Its city limits extends to the border with Ghana, located a few hundred meters west of the city center, to the Ghanaian city of Aflao and the South Ketu district where the city is situated, had 160,756 inhabitants in 2010. The cross-border agglomeration of which Lomé is the centre has about 2 million inhabitants as of 2020.
SDB Karat
The SDB Karat is a Russian ultralight trike that was designed and produced by SDB of Moscow. The aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

SDB was an enterprise of the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. The SDB website has been removed from the internet and the enterprise seems to have gone out of business, ending production of the Karat.

Ultralight trike
An ultralight trike or paratrike is a type of powered hang glider where flight control is by weight-shift. These aircraft have a fabric flex-wing from which is suspended a tricycle fuselage pod driven by a pusher propeller. The pod accommodates either a solo pilot, or a pilot and a single passenger. Trikes grant affordable, accessible, and exciting flying, and have been popular since the 1980s.

Trikes are classified as microlights in Europe, and as light-sport aircraft in the United States.  The aircraft are also known by other names, including 2-axis microlights, flex-wing trikes,  microlight trikes, deltatrikes or motorized deltaplanes.  In the United States, they are formally recognized by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as weight-shift-control aircraft.
1999 Women's World Floorball Championships
The 1999 Women's World Floorball Championships was the second world championship in women's floorball. The games were played in Borlänge, Sweden 9–15 May 1999. Finland won the tournament defeating Switzerland, 5–1, in the final-game and it was their first title. This also was the first time that the world championships were divided into two separate divisions, although all games were played at the same dates in Borlänge. Sweden won the bronze medals defeating Norway, 5–1, in the bronze medal game.

Australia, Denmark and Singapore made their first appearances in the women's floorball world championships.

Borlänge
Borlänge ([ˈbôːˌɭɛŋːɛ]) is a locality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 44,898 inhabitants as of 2020. It is the seat of the Borlänge Municipality which as of 2017 had a total population of 51,604 inhabitants.
Scratch and sniff
Scratch and sniff technology is the application of a fragrant coating to items such as stickers or paperboard, so that when the coating is scratched it releases an odor that is normally related to the image displayed under the coating. The technology has been used on a variety of surfaces from stickers to compact discs. Gale W. Matson accidentally invented the technology while working for 3M in the 1960s. He was attempting to create a new method for making carbonless copy paper using microencapsulation. The technology to infuse microcapsules and paper was submitted to the US patent office on November 18, 1969, and the patent was granted on June 23, 1970. Despite the technology being invented by Matson in the 1960s and its subsequent success in the 1970s, the first patent for a translucent fragrance releasing version of microcapsules wasn't issued until January 15, 1985, to the 3M corporation.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.