hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Headington Quarry
Headington Quarry is a suburb and civil parish of Oxford, England. Once a separate village built on the site of a former limestone quarry, it is now fully integrated into the city of Oxford and lies approximately 3 miles east of the city centre, just inside the Oxford Ring Road. It is near to Headington, Wood Farm, Risinghurst, and Barton.

Today it is known colloquially as "Quarry". and is now considerably uneven due to previous quarrying in the area.

The Headington Quarry Morris Dancers are based in the area. Headington Quarry Morris Dancers were the first Morris dancers ever seen by Cecil Sharp, on Boxing Day 1899. This chance meeting was one of the events that sparked a lifelong interest in folk dance, song and music, to which Sharp devoted much of his life.

Headington Quarry was designated a conservation area in 1971, and the Friends of Quarry is a residents' association which aims to preserve the distinctive character of the Conservation Area and its immediate neighbourhood.

Wood Farm, Oxfordshire
Wood Farm is a suburb of Oxford, England, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of the city centre. It is mainly made up of social housing built in the 1950s to 1960s, originally to house workers of the nearby car factory. It is near to Headington, Cowley and Morrell Avenue.
Carpathian Military District
The Red Banner Carpathian Military District (Russian: Краснознамённый Прикарпатский военный округ, romanized: Krasnoznamyonniy voyénnyy ókrug, Ukrainian: Червонопрапорний Прикарпатський військовий округ, romanized: Chervonoprapornyi Prykarpatskyi viyskovyi okruh) was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Cold War and subsequently of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the early Post-Soviet period.

It was established on 3 May 1946 on the base of the 1st Ukrainian Front, 4th Ukrainian Front, and Lviv Military District. It became part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 1991 and was disbanded by being redesignated the Western Operational Command in January 1998.

Army General (Soviet rank)
Army general (Russian: генерал армии, romanized: general armii) was a rank of the Soviet Union which was first established in June 1940 as a high rank for Red Army generals, inferior only to the marshal of the Soviet Union. In the following 51 years the Soviet Union created 133 generals of the army, 32 of whom were later promoted to the rank of marshal of the Soviet Union. It is a direct counterpart of the Russian Federation's  "Army general" rank.
E. J. "Lionel" Grizzaffi Bridge
The E. J. "Lionel" Grizzaffi Bridge is a cantilever bridge in the U.S. state of Louisiana which carries US 90 over the Atchafalaya River between Berwick and Morgan City. Before the 1975 opening, US 90 followed the Long–Allen Bridge.

The bridge will eventually be part of the I-49 extension between Lafayette and New Orleans once the highway is brought up to interstate highway standards.

Berwick, Louisiana
Berwick is a town in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Berwick had a population of 4,771. It is part of the Morgan City Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The town relocated the Southwest Reef Light and has been trying to save the Ship Shoal Light
Multiplicative weight update method
The multiplicative weights update method is an algorithmic technique most commonly used for decision making and prediction, and also widely deployed in game theory and algorithm design. The simplest use case is the problem of prediction from expert advice, in which a decision maker needs to iteratively decide on an expert whose advice to follow. The method assigns initial weights to the experts (usually identical initial weights), and updates these weights multiplicatively and iteratively according to the feedback of how well an expert performed: reducing it in case of poor performance, and increasing it otherwise. It was discovered repeatedly in very diverse fields such as machine learning (AdaBoost, Winnow, Hedge), optimization (solving linear programs), theoretical computer science (devising fast algorithm for LPs and SDPs), and game theory.

Kenneth L. Clarkson
Kenneth Lee Clarkson is an American computer scientist known for his research in computational geometry. He is a researcher at the IBM Almaden Research Center, and co-editor-in-chief of Discrete and Computational Geometry and of the Journal of Computational Geometry.
2014 Spanish Athletics Championships
The 2014 Spanish Athletics Championships was the 94th edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for Spain. It was held on 26 and 27 July at the Polideportivo José Caballero in Alcobendas. It served as the selection meeting for Spain at the 2014 European Athletics Championships.

The club championships in relays and combined track and field events were contested separately from the main competition.

Spain at the 2014 European Athletics Championships
Spain is competing at the 2014 European Athletics Championships in Zürich, Switzerland, from 12 to 17 August 2014.

The following athletes has been selected to compete by the Spanish Athletics Federation.
Jugin
Jugin (Persian: جوگين, also Romanized as Jūgīn and Jowgīn; also known as Jūgan and Jowgan) is a village in Kahir Rural District, in the Central District of Konarak County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 6 families.

Kahir Rural District
Kahir Rural District (Persian: دهستان كهير) is in Kahir District of Konarak County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bursar Heydari. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahir.
Bacterial capsule
The bacterial capsule is a large structure common to many bacteria. It is a polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell envelope, and is thus deemed part of the outer envelope of a bacterial cell. It is a well-organized layer, not easily washed off, and it can be the cause of various diseases.

The capsule—which can be found in both gram negative and gram-positive bacteria—is different from the second lipid membrane – bacterial outer membrane, which contains lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins and is found only in gram-negative bacteria. When the amorphous viscid secretion (that makes up the capsule) diffuses into the surrounding medium and remains as a loose undemarcated secretion, it is known as a slime layer. Capsule and slime layer are sometimes summarized under the term glycocalyx.

Bacterial outer membrane
The bacterial outer membrane is found in gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria form two lipid bilayers in their cell envelopes - an inner membrane (IM) that encapsulates the cytoplasm, and an outer membrane (OM) that encapsulates the periplasm.

The composition of the outer membrane is distinct from that of the inner cytoplasmic cell membrane - among other things, the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of many gram-negative bacteria includes a complex lipopolysaccharide whose lipid portion acts as an endotoxin - and in some bacteria such as E. coli it is linked to the cell's peptidoglycan by Braun's lipoprotein.

Porins can be found in this layer.
The Scarlet Singapore
The Scarlet Singapore is a luxury boutique hotel located at Erskine Road, Chinatown, Singapore. Opened in 2004, The Scarlet Singapore contains 80 rooms and is managed by Singapore-based hospitality management group Grace International.

Boutique hotel
Boutique hotels are small-capacity hotels that provide more personalized service than typical hotels. They typically have fewer than a hundred rooms, and are considered more "trendy" and "intimate", often due to their location in urban areas. They will usually also display a strong sense of aesthetic, and have a unique, un-homogenized character. They may be themed too, such as by having a focus on nature, environment, cuisine, history, community and cultural immersion, attentive service, or well-being.
Kaushik Krish
Kaushik Krish is an Indian playback singer who works primarily in Tamil cinema. He is best known for the romantic song "Kannala Kannala (The Melting Point of Love)" from the film Thani Oruvan (2015), composed by Hiphop Tamizha, and for his subsequent collaborations with the duo in both Tamil and Telugu films. He has also composed music for the Tamil feature film "Odavum Mudiyadhu Oliyavum Mudiyadhu" and has additional credits in the music department as a composer and background‑score artist.

Ravi Mohan
Ravi Mohan (born 10 September 1980), better known by his former stage name Jayam Ravi, is an Indian actor, director and producer who works in Tamil cinema. The son of veteran film editor A. Mohan, Ravi made his lead acting debut in Jayam (2003), the success of which prompted the title to become a prefix to his stage name until 2026. He has won one Tamil Nadu State Film Award and one Filmfare Award South and three SIIMA Awards respectively.

The success of Jayam made Ravi continue to collaborate with his brother for other films including M. Kumaran S/O Mahalakshmi (2004), Unakkum Enakkum (2006), Santhosh Subramaniam (2008) and Thani Oruvan (2015). He launched his own production company, Ravi Mohan Studios, and produced various films and including Bro Code.
NGC 5090 and NGC 5091
NGC 5090 and NGC 5091 are a set of galaxies approximately 160 million light-years (50 million parsecs) away in the constellation Centaurus. They are in the process of colliding and merging with some evidence of tidal disruption of NGC 5091.

NGC 5090 is an elliptical galaxy while NGC 5091 is a barred spiral galaxy. The radial velocity of the nucleus of NGC 5090 has been measured at 3,185 km/s (1,979 mi/s), while NGC 5091 has a radial velocity of 3,429 km/s (2,131 mi/s). NGC 5090 is associated with the strong, double radio source PKS 1318-43.

Centaurus
Centaurus (/sɛnˈtɔːrəs, -ˈtɑːr-/ sen-TOR-əss, -⁠TAR-) is a bright constellation in the southern sky. One of the largest constellations, Centaurus was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. In Greek mythology, Centaurus represents a centaur; a creature that is half human, half horse (another constellation named after a centaur is one from the zodiac: Sagittarius). Notable stars include Alpha Centauri, the nearest star system to the Solar System, its neighbour in the sky Beta Centauri, and HR 5171, one of the largest stars yet discovered. The constellation also contains Omega Centauri, the brightest globular cluster as visible from Earth and the largest identified in the Milky Way, possibly a remnant of a dwarf galaxy.
Adam Platt
Adam Platt (born July 18, 1958) is an American writer and restaurant critic. He is currently the senior restaurant critic for New York magazine, a position he has held since July 2000, when he succeeded Gael Greene. He won the James Beard Foundation Journalism Award for Restaurant Reviews in 2009, and has been nominated for the same award on other occasions.

Gael Greene
Gael Greene (December 22, 1933 – November 1, 2022) was an American restaurant critic, author, and novelist. She became New York magazine's restaurant critic in fall 1968, at a time when most New Yorkers were unsophisticated about food and there were few chefs anyone knew by name, and for four decades both documented and inspired the city's and America's growing obsession with food. She was a pioneering "foodie."
Mortsel-Deurnesteenweg railway station
Mortsel-Deurnesteenweg is a railway station in Mortsel, just south of the city of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. The station opened in 1933 on the Line 25. The station Mortsel is located just 100m east of this station on the line towards Lier. The station is currently only served at weekends and is closed during the week.

Mortsel
Mortsel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɔrtsəl]) is a municipality and city close to the city of Antwerp located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality only comprises the city of Mortsel proper. In 2024, Mortsel had a total population of 26,588 people which makes most densely populated municipality in Flanders with 3416 inhabitants per km². The total area is 7.78 km².
2014–15 Liga Națională (men's handball)
The 2014–15 Liga Națională was the 57th season of Romanian Handball League, the top-level men's professional handball league. The league comprises thirteen teams. CSM Oradea withdrew from Liga Națională. HCM Constanța were the defending champions, for the seventh time in a row.

CSM Constanța (men's handball)
CSM Constanța is a handball team from Constanța, Romania, that competes in the Romanian Liga Națională. Formed in July 2015 as HC Dobrogea Sud Constanța after the dissolution of HCM Constanța (due to the high debts that the club had accumulated), the team merged in 2022 with the newly formed multi-sports club CSM Constanța, as its men's handball section.  After one year in the second division (the 2015-16 season), the team was promoted to the Liga Națională.
Reactions to the prosecution of Donald Trump in New York
This article lists reactions to the prosecution of Donald Trump in New York on 34 felony charges of falsifying business records of a hush money payment relating to the Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal. Trump was convicted on all charges on May 30, 2024. The conviction is the first for a former U.S. president.

Neither the indictment nor the conviction disqualified Donald Trump's candidacy in the 2024 presidential election. His potential physical confinement in prison would have hampered him from performing duties such as traveling and handling classified documents.

United States House Committee on the Judiciary
The United States House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. It is charged with overseeing the administration of justice within the federal courts, federal administrative agencies, and federal law enforcement entities. The Judiciary Committee is often involved in the impeachment process against federal officials. Because of the legal nature of its oversight, committee members usually have a legal background, but this is not required.

In the 119th Congress, the chair of the committee is Republican Jim Jordan of Ohio, and the ranking minority member is Democrat Jamie Raskin of Maryland.
Wila Kunka (Bolivia)
Wila Kunka (Aymara wila blood, blood red, kunka throat, also spelled Wila Cunca) is a mountain in the Apolobamba mountain range in Bolivia, about 4,520 metres (14,829 ft) high. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Bautista Saavedra Province, Curva Municipality. Wila Kunka lies south of the mountains Ulla Qhaya and Iskillani.

Ulla Qhaya
Ulla Qhaya (Aymara ulla cooked potato, qhaya store of potatoes, also spelled Ulla Khaya, Ullakaya), Jila Khayo, Huelancalloc, Huellancalloc or Pupuya is a 5,617-metre-high (18,428 ft) mountain in the Apolobamba mountain range in Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department at the border of the Bautista Saavedra Province, Curva Municipality, and the Franz Tamayo Province, Pelechuco Municipality. Ulla Qhaya lies east of the lake Ch'uxña Quta and the northwestern side of the mountain Iskillani.
Czerteż
Czerteż [ˈt͡ʂɛrtɛs] is a village in East Małopolska in the Lesser Beskid mountains, in the district called Gmina Sanok. It is situated below the main watershed at the foot of the Słonne Mountains, and has an elevation of 346 metres. Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodship (since 1999), previously in Krosno Voivodship (1975–1998) and Sanok district, Sanok subdistrict (7 km (4 mi) west of Sanok), parish Kostarowce. In Czerteż is The Agricultural Production Cooperative "Unity"

Sanok
Sanok [ˈsanɔk] (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — Polish: Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, Rusyn: Санок, Sanok, Ukrainian: Сянок or Cянік, Sianok or Sianik, Latin: Sanocum, Yiddish: סאָניק, Sūnik or Sonik) is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of southeastern Poland with 38,397 inhabitants, as of June 2016. Located on the San River and around 52 km (32 mi) south of Przemyśl, Sanok lies directly by the Carpathian Mountains.

The town's history goes back almost a thousand years to when it was part of a medieval trade route. The Museum of Folk Architecture as well as the refurbished Sanok Castle and Old Town are popular points of interest. The region also features a 70 km (43 mi) trail for hikers and cyclists.
Caprellidae
Caprellidae is a family of amphipods commonly known as skeleton shrimps. Their common name denotes the threadlike slender body which allows them to virtually disappear among the fine filaments of seaweed, hydroids and bryozoans. They are sometimes also known as ghost shrimps.

Arthropod mouthparts
The mouthparts of arthropods have evolved into a number of forms, each adapted to a different style or mode of feeding.  Most mouthparts are modified pairs of appendages, which in ancestral forms would have appeared more like legs than mouthparts, being less-specialized or "primitive". In general, arthropods have mouthparts for cutting, chewing, piercing, sucking, shredding, siphoning, and filtering. This article outlines the basic elements of four arthropod-groups: Insects, myriapods, crustaceans, and chelicerates. Insects are used as the model, with the novel mouthparts of the other groups introduced in turn. Insects are however not the ancestral form of the other arthropods discussed here; they are not the basalmost arthropods. In different types of arthropods, jointed appendages around the mouth are modified in different ways and form mouth parts.
Ailanthus altissima
Ailanthus altissima (/eɪˈlænθəs ælˈtɪsɪmə/ ay-LAN-thəss al-TIH-sim-ə), commonly known as tree of heaven or ailanthus tree, is a deciduous tree in the quassia family. It is native to northeast, central China, and Taiwan. Unlike other members of the genus Ailanthus, it is found in temperate climates rather than the tropics.

The tree grows rapidly, and is capable of reaching heights of 15 metres (50 ft) in 25 years. While the species rarely lives more than 50 years, some specimens exceed 100 years of age. It is considered a noxious weed and vigorous invasive species, and one of the worst invasive plant species in Europe and North America. In 21st-century North America, the invasiveness of the species has been compounded by its role in the life cycle of the also destructive and invasive spotted lanternfly.

Sumac
Sumac or sumach (/ˈsuːmæk, ˈʃuː-/ S(H)OO-mak, UK also /ˈsjuː-/)—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus Rhus (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is Rhus coriaria that is most commonly used for culinary purposes. Sumac is prized as a spice—especially in Iranian cuisine, and other Eastern cuisines—and used as a dye and holistic remedy. The plants grow in subtropical and temperate regions, on nearly every continent except Antarctica and South America.
It holds cultural significance as a symbolic item on the Haft-sin table during Nowruz, the Persian New Year.
American Bashkir Curly
The American Bashkir Curly or North American Curly Horse is a North American breed of horse, characterized by an unusual curly coat of hair.: 248  It derives from American horses of Iberian origin, in which curly-coated individuals occasionally occur; it is unrelated to Asian horses such as the Bashkir and Lokai, which may also be curly-coated.: 452  The American Bashkir Curly has been extensively cross-bred with horses of other breeds, and varies widely in size and conformation; it may be of any color.: 434

Lokai
The Lokai, a mountain horse bred in Tajikistan, is used as a riding horse, a packhorse, or even sometimes a light draft horse.  Although small, the breed is agile and hardy. The breed was developed by crossing native mountain horses with a mixture of Central Asian and European bloodlines.
Network Applied Communication Laboratory
Network Applied Communication Laboratory Ltd. is an open source systems integrator located in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It is specialized in systems consulting and the development of web sites and open source software. It is one of the employers of Yukihiro Matsumoto, who is the creator of the Ruby programming language. It is known more commonly by the acronym "NaCl".

Yukihiro Matsumoto
Yukihiro Matsumoto (まつもとゆきひろ, Matsumoto Yukihiro; born 14 April 1965), also known as Matz, is a Japanese computer scientist and software programmer. He is best known as the chief designer of the Ruby programming language and its original reference implementation, Matz's Ruby Interpreter (MRI).

As of 2011, Matsumoto is the Chief Architect of Ruby at Heroku, an online cloud platform-as-a-service in San Francisco. He is a fellow of the Rakuten Institute of Technology, a research and development organization within Rakuten Group, Inc. He was appointed to the role of technical advisor for VASILY, Inc. starting in June 2014.
Ringba-Roba Wildlife Sanctuary
Ringba-Roba Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area and wildlife sanctuary located in East Kameng district of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. The sanctuary covers an area of 49.2 km2 (19.0 sq mi) and was declared as a protected area on 22 October 2015.

The protected area consists of a mixture of tropical, temperate and alpine forests. Fauna found in the sanctuary include  Bengal tiger, Himalayan black bear, clouded leopard, spotted deer, Indian civet, wild boar, capped langur, and antelopes.

East Kameng district
East Kameng district is one of districts of Arunachal Pradesh state in northeastern, India. It shares an international border with China in the north and district borders with West Kameng district to the west, Pakke-Kessang district to the south, Kurung Kumey district to the east, Papum Pare district to the southeast. Pakke-Kessang district was bifurcated from East Kameng district on 1 December 2018.
Valyra
Valyra (Greek: Βαλύρα pronounced Valira) is a small village in southern Greece. Situated on the Peloponnese Peninsula, Valyra was the seat of the Ithomi municipality. Located near the ancient city of Messene, it lies 18 km NW of Kalamata, and about 177 km SW of Athens.

Kalamata
Kalamata (Greek: Καλαμάτα [kalaˈmata]) is the second most populous city of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece after Patras, and the largest city of the homonymous administrative region. As the capital and chief port of the Messenia regional unit, it lies along the Nedon River at the head of the Messenian Gulf.

The 2021 census recorded 72,906 inhabitants for the wider Kalamata Municipality, of which 66,135 resided in the municipal unit of Kalamata, and 58,816 in the city proper. Kalamata is renowned as the land of the Kalamatianos dance, Kalamata olives and Kalamata olive oil.
Dähre
Dähre (German pronunciation: [ˈdɛːʁə]) is a municipality in the district Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. A section of the Salzwedeler Dumme river flows through it. Since 2009 it has incorporated the former municipalities of Bonese and Lagendorf.

Altmarkkreis Salzwedel
Altmarkkreis Salzwedel is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Gifhorn, Uelzen, Lüchow-Dannenberg in Lower Saxony, and the districts of Stendal and Börde (district).
Shogawa Goguchi Dam
The Shogawa Goguchi Dam is a gravity dam on the Shō River in Shogawa, Toyama Prefecture, Japan. It was constructed between 1934 and 1939. The dam has an associated 23.4 MW hydroelectric power station which was commissioned in two stages, December 1939 and March 1967. Of the nine dams on the Shō River it is the furthest downstream.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)