hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nephroma
Nephroma is a genus of medium to large foliose lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution. They are sometimes called kidney lichens, named after the characteristic kidney-shaped apothecia that they produce on the lower surface of their lobe tips, which often curl upwards and thus are visible from above. Sterile specimens that do not have apothecia can look somewhat like Melanelia, Peltigera, Platismatia, or Asahinea.  Most species grow either on mossy ground or rocks, or on trees.

All species of Nephroma contain cyanobacteria (in the genus Nostoc) as a photobiont, which allows the organism to fix nitrogen.  In some species the cyanobacteria is the sole photobiont, while other species also contain a green alga photobiont (Coccomyxa) and the cyanobacteria is restricted to warty cephalodia on the upper or lower surface of the lichen.

Melanelia
Melanelia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. These lichens typically grow on rocks and form relatively large, leaf-like structures with brown to blackish upper surfaces and pale undersides. The genus originally included many more species, but most have since been moved to related genera like Melanohalea and Melanelixia, leaving only five accepted species today.
Neds Reef
Neds Reef is a group of three small granite islets, joined at low tide by extensive mudflats, with a combined area of about 3 ha, in south-eastern Australia.  They are part of Tasmania’s Tin Kettle Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders and Cape Barren Islands in the Furneaux Group.  The reef is part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1% of the world populations of six bird species.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Marcho-Magdeburgian dialect
The Marcho-Magdeburgian dialect, Old March and Magdeburg dialect is an extinct Slavic Lechitic dialect spoken by Slavic tribes living in the Old March and around Magdeburg. Linguistically, the dialect was particularly related to the Drevani language used until the 18th century in Wendland and belonged to the West Lechitic dialects.

Lechitic languages
The Lechitic (or Lekhitic) languages are a language subgroup consisting of Polish and several other languages and dialects that were once spoken in the area that is now Poland and eastern Germany. It is one of the branches of the larger West Slavic subgroup; the other branches of this subgroup are the Czech–Slovak languages and the Sorbian languages.
Silver teal
The silver teal or versicolor teal (Spatula versicolor) is a species of dabbling duck in the genus Spatula. It breeds in South America.

Between April and June they prefer reed beds and will lay 6 to 10 creamy-pink eggs. The eggs will hatch after 25 to 27 days. As with swans and geese, both parents will rear the ducklings. A pair may bond long term. It lives on fresh water in small groups, and feeds primarily on vegetable matter such as seeds and aquatic plants.

The silver teal's range includes southern Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, and the Falkland Islands.  The southernmost birds migrate to southern Brazil in the winter.

Silver teals are on the whole placid ducks but may be protective of eggs, young and females.

Anatinae
The Anatinae are a subfamily of the family Anatidae (swans, geese, and ducks). Its surviving members are the dabbling ducks, which feed mainly at the surface rather than by diving. The other members of the Anatinae are the extinct moa-nalo, a young but highly apomorphic lineage derived from the dabbling ducks.

Much debate exists about the systematical status and which ducks belong to the Anatinae. Some taxonomic authorities only include the dabbling ducks and their close relatives, the extinct moa-nalos. Alternatively, the Anatinae are considered to include most "ducks", and the dabbling ducks to form a tribe Anatini within these. The classification as presented here more appropriately reflects the remaining uncertainty about the interrelationships of the major lineages of Anatidae (waterfowl).
D'Ursel Castle
D'Ursel Castle (Dutch: Kasteel van Hingene, also known as the Kasteel d'Ursel) used to be the private summer residence of the Duke of Ursel in Hingene in the municipality of Bornem, province of Antwerp, Belgium. Today it is property of the State, and opened to the public.

Bornem
Bornem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbɔrnəm] ⓘ; old spelling: Bornhem) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the village of Bornem proper, Hingene, Mariekerke and Weert, and Wintam. There are also the hamlets of Branst, Buitenland, Eikevliet and Wintam. In 2021, Bornem had a total population of 21,428. The total area is 45.76 km2.
Airdrome Fokker D-VII
The Airdrome Fokker D-VII is an American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Airdrome Aeroplanes, of Holden, Missouri. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

The aircraft is an 80% scale replica of the First World War German Fokker D.VII fighter, built from modern materials and powered by modern engines.

Fokker D.VII
The Fokker D.VII is a German World War I fighter aircraft designed by Reinhold Platz of the Fokker-Flugzeugwerke. Germany produced around 3,300 D.VII aircraft in the second half of 1918. In service with the Luftstreitkräfte, the D.VII quickly proved itself to be a formidable aircraft. The Armistice ending the war specifically required, as the fourth clause of the "Clauses Relating to the Western Front", that Germany was required to surrender all D.VIIs to the Allies. Surviving aircraft saw much service with many countries in the years after World War I.
Udun (Ryūkyū)
Udun (御殿) is the name given to the princely houses of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, generally issued from a son of one of the kings of Ryūkyū who did not inherit the throne. The term also refers to the residences of those families, as well as to the royal residences and, by extension and often written with a different ideogram (陵), the royal mausolea.: 772

Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 until 1872, when it was reorganized as the Ryukyu Domain, before being fully abolished in 1879. It was ruled as a tributary state of the Ming dynasty by the Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and subsequently extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained de jure independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Domain was abolished by the Meiji government in 1879 and reorganized as Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Japanese nobility.
S-III
The S-III (pronounced "S 3") was a proposed third stage of the early Saturn C designs for a five-stage Saturn launch vehicle.  The Saturn C configurations were based on a "building block" approach, in which the upper stages would be test-flown before the intermediate stages.  The S-III was to have been fueled with liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen and powered by two J-2 engines.  The original Saturn C-2 design would have been a three- or four-stage launch vehicle using the S-I plus S-III plus S-IV stages plus, for some missions, S-V.

S-IV
The S-IV was the second stage of the Saturn I rocket used by NASA for early flights in the Apollo program.

The S-IV was manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company and later modified by them to the S-IVB, a similar but distinct stage used on the Saturn IB and Saturn V rockets.

The S-IV stage was a large LOX/LH2-fueled rocket stage used for the early test flights of the Saturn I rocket.  It formed the second stage of the Saturn I and was powered by a cluster of six RL-10A-3 engines. Each one of the engines supplied 66.7 kilonewtons (15,000 lbf) of thrust for a total of about 400 kilonewtons (90,000 lbf). The cryogenic LH2 (liquid hydrogen) and LOX (liquid oxygen) tanks were separated by a common bulkhead.  The forward bulkhead of the LOX tank formed the aft bulkhead of the LH2 tank.  This saved up to 20% of structural weight.
Peju Layiwola
Peju Layiwola, Listenⓘis an art Historian and visual artist from Nigeria who works in a variety of media and genre. She is listed as a "21st Century Avant-Garde" in the book Art Cities of the Future published by Phaidon Press. She is currently a Professor of Art and Art history at the University of Lagos and has been described as a "multi-talented artist." Her works can be found in the collection of Microsoft Lagos, Yemisi Shyllon Museum, Pan Atlantic, Lagos and homes of private collectors such as JP and Ebun Clark and the Obi of Onitsha.

University of Benin (Nigeria)
The University of Benin (UNIBEN) is a public research university located in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. It is one of  the universities owned by the Federal Government of Nigeria and was founded in 1970. The school currently has two campuses with fifteen faculties and a central library called the John Harris Library. The buildings in UNIBEN are sparsely built, they are not close to each other.

UNIBEN has a teaching hospital called the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH).
Mythen Center
The Mythen Center is a shopping centre located in Ibach, a village in the municipality of Schwyz. It opened in 1972 as the third shopping centre in Switzerland and was expanded in 1980 and 2000. Opened by Reinhold Camenzind, it is still a family business currently led in third generation by Mario Camenzind. It is one of the biggest shopping centres in Central Switzerland and the second biggest in the canton of Schwyz, after the Seedamm-Center. In 2010 it was considered the 18 biggest in the country.

Ibach, Switzerland
Ibach (German pronunciation: [ˈiːbax]) is a village in the municipality of Schwyz, itself in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. It lies some 1.5 km (0.93 mi) to the south of the town centre of Schwyz, at the point where the road from Schwyz to Brunnen bridges the Muota river.

A Swiss knife manufacturer Victorinox, known for its Swiss Army knives, was founded in Ibach, where it operates to this day.
Ajitpur
Ajitpur is a village in Khiron block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 5 km from Lalganj, the tehsil headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,264 people, in 261 households. It has two primary schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Ajitpur as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 760 people (343 male and 417 female), in 142 households and 128 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 268 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Ajitpur as having a population of 997 people, in 194 households, and having an area of 104.81 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Khiron
Khiron is a village and corresponding community development block in Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located on the main Raebareli-Unnao road,semari Khiron is an old Muslim town that historically served as the seat of a pargana. As of 2011, the village has a population of 9,955, in 1,714 households. It has six primary schools and one medical clinic. It serves as the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat that also includes 11 other villages.

Khiron hosts an annual mela at the Balbhadreshwar Mahadeo temple on Phalguna Badi 13; the festival is part of Shivratri and is dedicated to the worship of Shiva. Vendors bring various everyday items to sell at the fair. Khiron also hosts markets twice per week, on Mondays and Thursdays; the main items traded are cloth and vegetables.
Park Lake, Kentucky
Park Lake is a neighborhood of the city of Crestwood in Oldham County, Kentucky, United States.  The population was 537 at the 2000 census, at which time it was a separate city. Crestwood annexed Park Lake on May 1, 2006.

Crestwood, Kentucky
Crestwood is a home rule-class city in Oldham County, Kentucky, United States just outside Louisville's Northeast End. The population was 6,183 as of the 2020 census. CNN listed it as the 52nd best place to live in America in 2005.

The area was first settled in the early 19th century, and the town was established as Beard's Station in 1857. In 1909, the town was renamed to Crestwood.
Campo del Mercantil
Campo del Mercantil was the home stadium of Sevilla FC for 5 years between 1913 and 1918.
It is the successor of Campo del Prado de San Sebastián.
It was replaced by Campo de la Reina Victoria in 1918.

It was the host in a historical match, on 18 March 1917, when Sevilla FC beat with 2-1 Madrid CF for the first time in 1917 Copa del Rey. Sevilla did not qualify for the semi-finals after they lost the second leg of the match 4-0.

Campo de la Reina Victoria
The Campo de la Reina Victoria was a multi-use stadium in Seville, Spain. It was used mostly for association football matches and hosted the home games of Sevilla FC. The stadium, opened in 1918, was the venue of Sevilla for 10 years until the club moved to Estadio de Nervión.
Covertway
In military architecture, a covertway or covered way (French: chemin couvert, Italian: strada coperta) is a path on top of the counterscarp of a fortification. It is protected by an embankment which is made up by the crest of the glacis. It is able to give the fort's garrison a position beyond the ditch, as well as a continuous line of communication around the outworks.

An enlarged area within a covertway designed to allow troops to assemble on it is known as a place-of-arms.

Glacis
A glacis (/ˈɡleɪ.sɪs/, French: [ɡlasi]) in military engineering is an artificial slope as part of a medieval castle or in early modern fortresses. They may be constructed of earth as a temporary structure or of stone in more permanent structure. More generally, a glacis is any slope, natural or artificial, which fulfils the above requirements. The etymology of this French word suggests a slope made dangerous with ice, hence the relationship with glacier.

A glacis plate is the sloped front-most section of the hull of a tank or other armoured fighting vehicle.
Clear toy candy
Clear toy candy is a traditional confectionery that originated in Germany. It is especially popular at Easter and Christmas. The hard candy is made in molds, in a multitude of fanciful shapes. The candy is tinted in bright colors, traditionally yellow, red and green. A stick is sometimes added before the candy completely cools to make a lollipop.

The names clear toy candy and barley sugar are sometimes used interchangeably to refer to clear molded sugar candy.  However traditional barley sugar is made with barley water, while clear toy candy is made with pure water. Unmolded barley sugar originated in France in the 1700s, while molded sugar candy (with or without barley as an ingredient) dates to the 1800s.: 3  
Confusion arises because the older term "barley sugar" became genericized and was applied to a wide range of boiled sugar candies during the 1800s.

Hard candy
A hard candy (American English), or boiled sweet (British English), is a sugar candy prepared from one or more sugar-based syrups that is heated to a temperature of 160 °C (320 °F) to make candy.  Among the many hard candy varieties are stick candy such as the candy cane, lollipops, rock, aniseed twists, and bêtises de Cambrai.

Most hard candy is nearly 100% sugar by weight, with a tiny amount of other ingredients for color or flavor, and negligible water content in the final product. Recipes for hard candy may use syrups of sucrose, glucose, fructose or other sugars.  Sugar-free versions have also been created.
Gnathophausia
Gnathophausia is a genus of lophogastrid crustacean. There are 10 species recognized in the genus Gnathophausia:

Gnathophausia affinis G. O. Sars, 1883

Gnathophausia childressi Casanova, 1996

Gnathophausia elegans G. O. Sars, 1883

Gnathophausia fagei Casanova, 1996

Gnathophausia gigas Willemoes-Suhm, 1875

Gnathophausia gracilis Willemoes-Suhm, 1875

Gnathophausia ingens (Dohrn, 1870)

Gnathophausia longispina G. O. Sars, 1883

Gnathophausia scapularis Ortmann, 1906

Gnathophausia zoea Willemoes-Suhm, 1875

Gnathophausia zoea
Gnathophausia zoea is a species of lophogastrid crustacean. It is widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean from the Arctic Circle to the Equator; in the Pacific Ocean, it is more restricted to tropical areas. The adults may reach 40–50 millimetres (1.6–2.0 in) long, excluding the rostrum, or around 70 mm (2.8 in) including the rostrum.

This species has also been known as: Gnathophausia cristata Illig, 1906 (synonym); Gnathophausia sarsii Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 (synonym) and Gnathophausia willemoesii G.O. Sars, 1883 (synonym).
Parent-in-law
A parent-in-law is a person who has a legal affinity with another by being the parent of the other's spouse. Many cultures and legal systems impose duties and responsibilities on persons connected by this relationship. A person is a child-in-law to the parents of the spouse, who are in turn also the parents of those sibling-in-laws (if any) who are siblings of the spouse (as opposed to spouses of siblings). Together, the members of this family affinity group are called the in-laws.

Secondary suite
A secondary suite (also known as an accessory dwelling unit (ADU), in-law apartment, granny flat,  granny annex or garden suite) is a self-contained apartment, cottage, or small residential unit that is located on a property that has a separate main, single-family home, duplex, or other residential unit. In some cases, the ADU or in-law is attached to the principal dwelling or is an entirely separate unit, located above a garage, across a carport, or in the backyard on the same property. Reasons for wanting to add a secondary suite to a property may be to receive additional income, provide social and personal support to a family member, or obtain greater security.
Hook, Wiltshire
Hook is a small village in Wiltshire, England between the town of Royal Wootton Bassett and the village of Purton, just north of the M4 motorway. The village lies about 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) west of the centre of Swindon, in the civil parish of Lydiard Tregoze.

The single-track road through the nearby hamlet of Hook Street is used as a 'rat run' by rush-hour commuters to and from the large town of Swindon.

Purton
Purton is a large village and civil parish in north Wiltshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) northwest of the centre of Swindon. The parish includes the village of Purton Stoke and the hamlets of Bentham, Hayes Knoll, Purton Common, Restrop, The Fox and Widham.

The 13th-century parish church, St Mary's, is unusual in having two towers, one with a spire.
Chowky
A chowky (Hindi: चौकी chaukee, also spelled chowkey, chauky and chauki) is a police workstation, gatehouse or police box in the Indian Police, and is the basic unit of police presence in any area. Each chowky is under the charge of a sub-inspector. There are typically more chowkies than stations in a state police force, for example in Maharashtra.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
2012 Ningbo Challenger
The 2012 Ningbo Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament (third for women) which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Ningbo, China, on 10–16 September 2012.

2012 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2012 ITF Women's Circuit was the 2012 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. The ITF Women's Circuit is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The 2012 season consisted of 484 events in 63 countries with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Beijing EX3
The Beijing EX3 or previously the BJEV EX3 is a front-motor, five-door all-electric subcompact hatchback marketed by BAIC Motor Electric Vehicle Co Ltd. The maker is a wholly owned subsidiary of BAIC Group. The EX3 was marketed under the Beijing brand as of 2020.

Hatchback
A hatchback is a car body configuration with a rear door that swings upward to provide access to the main interior of the car as a cargo area rather than just to a separated trunk. Hatchbacks may feature fold-down second-row seating, where the interior can be reconfigured to prioritize passenger or cargo volume.

While early examples of the body configuration can be traced to the 1930s, the Merriam-Webster dictionary dates the term itself to 1970. The hatchback body style has been marketed worldwide on cars ranging in size from superminis to small family cars, as well as executive cars and some sports cars. They are a primary component of sport utility vehicles.
Timeline of Eastern Orthodoxy in Greece (717–1204)
This is a timeline of the presence of Eastern Orthodoxy in Greece from 717 to 1204. The history of Greece traditionally encompasses the study of the Greek people, the areas they ruled historically, as well as the territory now composing the modern state of Greece.

Basilian monks
Basilian monks are Eastern Christianity monks who follow the rule of Basil the Great, bishop of Caesarea (330–379). The term 'Basilian' is typically used only in the Catholic Church to distinguish Greek Catholic monks from other forms of monastic life in the Catholic Church. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, all monks follow the Rule of Saint Basil, and so do not distinguish themselves as 'Basilian'.

The monastic rules and institutes of St. Basil are important because their reconstruction of monastic life remains the basis for most Eastern Orthodox and some Greek Catholic monasticism. Benedict of Nursia, who fulfilled much the same function in the West, took his Regula Benedicti from the writings of Basil and other earlier Church Fathers.
2009 South American U-15 Championship
The 2009 South American Under-15 Football Championship was the fourth South American Under-15 Football Championship, the championship for men's under-15 national association football teams in CONMEBOL. It took place in Bolivia for the second time from 6 November to 22 November 2011.

South American U-15 Championship
The South American U-15 Championship (Spanish: Campeonato Sudamericano Sub-15; Portuguese: Campeonato Sul-Americano Sub-15), branded as CONMEBOL Sub 15, is a South American association football competition held every two years contested by male players under the age of 15 and is organized by CONMEBOL, the governing body for football in South America. The first edition was for under-16 age players.

Brazil is the most successful team with five titles.