hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chryso, Evrytania
Chryso (Greek: Χρύσω) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Viniani in Evrytania, Greece.  It is located in the Agrafa mountains, near the Tourla rapids. The community includes the village Agios Konstantinos. Its elevation is approximately 720 metres (2,362 ft). Chryso is located 6 km north of Viniani and 17 km northwest of Karpenisi. The dominant vegetation around Chryso is fir trees. There are many springs near the village, that feed the village water mill. Not many old buildings have been preserved in Chryso, because the village was burned in 1942 by the Italian occupiers and an earthquake in 1966 destroyed many of the remaining buildings. There are three old churches and two 15th century stone bridges over the small river called Chrysiotis.

Karpenisi
Karpenisi (Greek: Καρπενήσι, Greek pronunciation: [karpeˈnisi]) is a town in central Greece. It is the capital of the regional unit of Evrytania. Karpenisi lies within the valley of the river Karpenisiotis (Καρπενησιώτης), a tributary of the Megdovas, in the southern part of the Pindus Mountains. Mount Tymfristos (2,315 m elevation) lies directly to the north of the town, and the foothills of mount Kaliakouda are in the south. Karpenisi has a ski resort and is a popular destination, especially during winter.
Council for British Archaeology
The Council for British Archaeology (CBA) is an educational charity established in 1944 in the UK. It works to involve people in archaeology and to promote the appreciation and care of the historic environment for the benefit of present and future generations. It achieves this by promoting research, conservation and education, and by widening access to archaeology through effective communication and participation.

Cyril Fox
Sir Cyril Fred Fox FSA FBA MRIA (16 December 1882 – 15 January 1967) was an English archaeologist and museum director.

Fox became keeper of archaeology at the National Museum of Wales, and subsequently served as director from 1926 to 1948. Many of his most notable achievements were collaborative. With his second wife, Aileen Fox, he surveyed and excavated several prehistoric monuments in Wales. With Iorwerth Peate, he established the Welsh Folk Museum at St Fagans, and with Lord Raglan, he authored a definitive history of vernacular architecture, Monmouthshire Houses.
Kfeir al-Zayt
Kfeir Alzeit (also spelled  Kufayr al-Zayt)  (Arabic: كفير الزيت) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located northwest of Damascus in the Wadi Barada. Nearby localities include Ain al-Fijah, Deir Qanun, al-Dimas, Jdeidat al-Wadi, Deir Muqaran and Basimah. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Kfeir Alzeit had a population of 4,170 in the 2004 census.

Al-Dimas
Al-Dimas (Arabic: الديماس), also known as Ad-Dimas, is a town in Syria, located west of the capital city of Damascus. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 14,574 in the 2004 census.

Al-Dimas is the location where a Canadian peacekeeping aircraft crashed after being shot down by three Syrian surface-to-air missiles on August 9, 1974.
Cha (Armenian letter)
Cha, or Čʼa (majuscule:  Չ; minuscule: չ; Armenian: չա) is the twenty-fifth letter of the Armenian alphabet. It represents the voiceless postalveolar aspirated affricate (/t͡ʃʰ/) in both Eastern and Western varieties of Armenian. Created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century, it has a numerical value of 700. Its shape in capital form is visually similar to one other Armenian letter, Sha (Շ). Its shape in lowercase form is also similar to the Latin letter Z (z).

Armenian alphabet
The Armenian alphabet (Armenian: Հայոց գրեր, romanized: Hayocʼ grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayocʼ aybuben) or, more broadly, the Armenian script, is an alphabetic writing system developed for Armenian and occasionally used to write other languages. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The script originally had 36 letters. Eventually, two more were adopted in the 13th century. In the reformed Armenian orthography (1920s), the ligature և, ev, is also treated as a letter, bringing the total number of letters to 39.

The Armenian word for 'alphabet' is այբուբեն, aybuben, named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: ⟨Ա⟩ այբ, ayb, and ⟨Բ⟩ բեն, ben. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right.
The Ruckus Revival
The Ruckus Revival (formerly known as Tourettes Without Regrets) is an underground variety show and performance art event in Oakland, California. Founded in 1998, Ruckus is hosted by MC, poet, and filmmaker Jamie DeWolf, and comedian Wonder Dave. It has been presented regularly at the Continental Club in Oakland. Incorporating circus, stand-up comedy, rap battle, poetry slam, burlesque, and other variety show elements, the event includes audience participation and has open mic components, billing itself as "the Fight Club of underground art."

Beatboxing
Beatboxing (also, and sometimes, called beat boxing) is a form of vocal percussion primarily involving the art of mimicking drum machines (usually a TR-808), using one's mouth, lips, tongue, throat, and voice. It may also involve vocal imitation of turntablism, and other musical instruments. Beatboxing today is connected with hip-hop culture, often referred to as "the fifth element" of hip-hop, although it is not limited to hip-hop music. The term "beatboxing" is sometimes used to refer to vocal percussion in general.
Swillington
Swillington is a village and civil parish near Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough. It is situated 5 miles (8 km) east from Leeds city centre, north of the River Aire, and is surrounded by streams including Fleakingley Beck. In 2001, Swillington had a population of about 3,530, reducing to 3,381 at the 2011 Census.

The village forms part of the Garforth and Swillington ward of Leeds City Council and was a coal mining village until the closure of Primrose Hill pit. A housing estate now sits on the site of the colliery.

The village is close to St Aidan's nature reserve, and the Leeds Country Way which passes through the village. The population of Swillington decreased to 3,088 in 2011.

City of Leeds
The City of Leeds, also known officially as Leeds, is a metropolitan borough with city status in West Yorkshire, England. It occupies the north east of the county and includes Leeds and its surrounding towns, including Wetherby, Garforth, Morley, and Otley. The borough had an estimated population of 845,189 in 2024, making it the second largest district in England by population after Birmingham.

The borough was created in 1974 as part of a reform of local government in England. It is one of five metropolitan boroughs within the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, which was created at the same time. Local government was shared between Leeds City Council and West Yorkshire County Council until 1985, when the county council was abolished and the city council took on its responsibilities. The city council is a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority, a strategic body for the county.
Latrodectus elegans
Latrodectus elegans is a species of black widow spider, found in South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia. It was first collected by the Swedish arachnologist Tamerlan Thorell in the Karen Hills in Myanmar, but is also found in Thailand, India, Nepal, Vietnam, China and Japan. As of July 2022, the World Spider Catalog lists only India, Nepal, Myanmar, China and Japan. This species has been recorded in India and Nepal only since 2012, and Indochina in 2015, which is thought to reflect historical under-surveying of arachnids in this region.

In 2022 a chromosome-scale reference genome was sequenced from specimens from Yunnan, producing a 1.57 Gb sized genome with 14 chromosomes. Annotating this there were found to be 20,167 protein-coding genes, including 55 toxin and 26 spidroin (spider silk) genes.

Latrodectus
Latrodectus is a broadly distributed genus of spiders informally called the widow spiders, with several species that are commonly known as the true widows. This group is composed of those often called black widow spiders, brown widow spiders, and similar spiders.
Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.

BIBO stability
In signal processing, specifically control theory, bounded-input, bounded-output (BIBO) stability is a form of stability for signals and systems that take inputs. If a system is BIBO stable, then the output will be bounded for every input to the system that is bounded.

A signal is bounded if there is a finite value  such that the signal magnitude never exceeds , that is

For discrete-time signals:

For continuous-time signals:
Sri Lankan Forest Tradition
Sri Lankan Forest Monks' Tradition claims a long history. As the oldest Theravada Buddhist country in the world, several forest traditions and lineages have existed, disappeared and re-emerged circularly in Sri Lanka. The current forest traditions and lineages in Sri Lanka have been influenced by the Burmese and Thai traditions which descend from the ancient Indian and Sri Lankan traditions.

Na Uyana Aranya
Nā Uyana Āranya Senāsanaya (Sinhala: නා උයන ආරණ්‍ය සේනාසනය, meaning 'Ironwood Grove Forest Monastery') is a Buddhist forest monastery in Kurunegala, Sri Lanka, associated with the Śrī Kalyāṇī Yogāśrama Saṃsthā. It spreads over more than 2,040 hectares (5,000 acres) of forest on the 'Dummiya' mountain range and is residence to about 150 Buddhist monks. Nā Uyana is so named because of the old Ceylon ironwood forest that forms part of the monastery. The main meditation method practiced by Nā Uyana is based on the method introduced by Pa-Auk Sayadaw in the Pa-Auk Forest Monastery tradition.
SC Odesa
SC Odesa is a Ukrainian former football team that appeared in 1992 following the reorganization of the Soviet SKA Odesa. The new city municipal team was located in Odesa, Ukraine and previously at one point was part of the Soviet Army sport system.

Ukrainian Second League
The Ukrainian Second League (Ukrainian: Друга ліга, Druha Liha) is a professional football league in Ukraine which is part of the Professional Football League of Ukraine, a collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football. As the third tier it was established in 1992 as the Transitional League and changed its name the next season.

The league is lower than the Ukrainian First League (Persha Liha) and the lowest level of professional football competitions in the country. Since 1996 the league, after being merged with its lower tier (in 1992–1995 there was the Third League), consists of two main regions roughly north-west and south-east. The league's relegated teams lose their professional status and return to their regional associations.
By-elections to the 1st Russian State Duma
By-elections to the 1st Russian State Duma were held to fill vacant seats in the State Duma between the 1993 election and the 1995 election.

By-elections were held eight times. The last by-elections were held on May 28, 1995. After that, the by-elections were not held, as to the termination of the mandate of the State Duma had less than 9 months.

1993 Russian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Russia on 12 December 1993 to elect all 450 seats of the 1st State Duma of the Russian Federation. Additionally, the elections were the first and only instance of direct elections to the Federation Council, with future members appointed by provincial legislatures and governors.

The far-right Liberal Democratic Party of Russia won a total of 64 seats, the most deputies of any single bloc in the chamber. The pro-government Choice of Russia bloc came second with 62 deputies, and the anti-government Communist Party of the Russian Federation came third with 42. Five seats in Tatarstan were left vacant due to turnout below 25%, and one seat in Chechnya was also unfilled.

The elections were held concurrently with the 1993 Russian constitutional referendum.
Pike Ride
Pike Ride is a combination of bus routes along Columbia Pike in Northern Virginia, United States. It consists of service operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (Metrobus) and Arlington Transit (ART), connecting the Pentagon and Pentagon City Washington Metro stations in Arlington County with Annandale in Fairfax County.

The service started in 2003. Route timetables and other useful information were implemented in numerous bus stops along the corridor, printed in both English and Spanish. ART provides cell phone users with an 800 number that is listed at each bus stop to call and obtain bus schedule information.

Pentagon station
Pentagon station is a split platform station on the Washington Metro located adjacent to The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Providing service for both the Blue and Yellow Lines, the station is where the two lines diverge and thus acts as a transfer point. Northbound, both lines rise above ground, with the Blue Line serving the Arlington Cemetery station, and the Yellow Line crossing the Potomac River into the District of Columbia.

The station opened on July 1, 1977 with the completion of 11.8 miles (19.0 km) of rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium.

Photography is not allowed anywhere inside the station or on station grounds.
Polyakius
Polyakius is an extinct genus of archostematan beetle belonging to the family Ommatidae. It is known from two species found in Cenomanian aged Burmese amber. It is considered to be a close relative of Omma.

Burmese amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to the potential role of the amber trade in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected.
2022 Nonthaburi Challenger II
The 2022 Nonthaburi Challenger II was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Nonthaburi, Thailand from 29 August to 4 September 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Vladimir Samoilov (actor)
Vladimir Yakovlevich Samoilov (Russian: Влади́мир Я́ковлевич Само́йлов; 1924–1999) was a  Soviet and Russian film and theater actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1984). Winner of the Stanislavsky State Prize    (1972), and two USSR State Prizes (1976, 1986).

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Youssouf Ouédraogo
Youssouf Ouédraogo (25 December 1952 – 18 November 2017) was a Burkinabé politician. In 1992 he became the first prime minister of Burkina Faso since 1983, serving from 16 June 1992 to 22 March 1994. Ouédraogo, a member of the ruling Congress for Democracy and Progress (CDP), later served as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from January 1999 to June 2007.

Minister of Foreign Affairs (Burkina Faso)
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Burkina Faso (previously known as the Republic of Upper Volta) is a government minister in charge of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Burkina Faso, responsible for conducting foreign relations of the country.

The following is a list of foreign ministers of Upper Volta/Burkina Faso since its founding in 1960:
Buffalo Rose
Buffalo Rose is a modern folk/Americana band from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

The current lineup includes singers Lucy Clabby, Margot Jezerc, and Shane McLaughlin (who also plays acoustic guitar), Malcolm "Mac" Inglis on dobro, Bryce Rabideau on mandolin, and Jason Rafalak on upright bass. Past members include singers Mariko Reid and Rosanna Spindler.

The band's style has been compared to The Lumineers and First Aid Kit, and the band has shared stages with acts such as The Infamous Stringdusters, Pokey LaFarge, and Tyler Childers. Group members have also cited influences including Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, the Punch Brothers, and Joni Mitchell.

WYEP-FM
WYEP (91.3 MHz) is a listener-supported, non-commercial radio station that is located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It carries an Adult Album Alternative (AAA) radio format and is run by the Pittsburgh Community Broadcasting Corporation, along with 90.5 WESA. The studios and offices are located on Bedford Square at South 12th Street.  WYEP-FM holds periodic fundraisers to support the station.

WYEP-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 18,000 watts. The transmitter is on Longview Street in Pittsburgh.
Dissolution of the Sovereign: A Time Slide Into the Future (Or: A Non-Abled Offender's Exercise in Jurisprudence)
Dissolution of the Sovereign: A Time Slide Into the Future (Or: A Non-Abled Offender's Exercise in Jurisprudence), or simply Dissolution of the Sovereign  is a DJ mix by American musician Elysia Crampton. It was self-released on October 29, 2016, and is a follow up to her previous studio album Elysia Crampton Presents: Demon City.

Elysia Crampton Presents: Demon City
Elysia Crampton Presents: Demon City is the second studio album by American electronic musician Elysia Crampton. It consists of a series of collaborations with fellow underground and queer electronic artists, and it has been described as an "epic poem" by Crampton. It was released on July 22, 2016, on Break World Records.
Violin Concerto No. 1 (Goldmark)
The Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, Op.28 by Karl Goldmark was composed in 1877 and premiered in Bremen the same year.  Goldmark is supposed to have later composed a second violin concerto, but if so it was never published, and is believed to be lost.

Violin concerto
A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble (customarily orchestra). Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day. Many major composers have contributed to the violin concerto repertoire.

Traditionally a three-movement work, the violin concerto has been structured in four movements by a number of modern composers, including Dmitri Shostakovich, Igor Stravinsky, and Alban Berg. In some violin concertos, especially from the Baroque and modern eras, the violin (or group of violins) is accompanied by a chamber ensemble rather than an orchestra—for instance, in Vivaldi's L'estro armonico, originally scored for four violins, two violas, cello, and continuo, and in Allan Pettersson's first concerto, for violin and string quartet.
Gustav Karl Girgensohn
Gustav Karl Girgensohn (1786-1872) was an Estonian botanist (bryologist); court counselor in Tartu. He edited the exsiccata Musci frondosi et Hepaticae exsiccatae. Laub- und Lebermoose der russischen Ostsee-Provinzen in getrockneten Exemplaren (1849-1856).

Plant genus Girgensohnia is named after him.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Arizona Miner
Arizona Miner (alternatively the Arizona Weekly Miner, Miner, or Weekly Miner) was a newspaper published in Prescott, Arizona Territory, from 1868 to 1885 and circulated throughout Yavapai County. The paper merged with the Arizona Weekly Journal in 1885 to create the Arizona Weekly Journal-Miner, which was published until 1934. It underwent a succession of owners and changes in its publishing frequency and political leanings.

Yavapai County, Arizona
Yavapai County (/ˈjævəˌpaɪˌ/ YA-və-pye) is a county near the center of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, its population was 236,209, making it the fourth-most populous county in Arizona. The county seat is Prescott.

Yavapai County comprises the Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the northern portions of Peoria and Wickenburg, the balance of which are in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.
Marc Bloch bibliography
Marc Bloch (6 July 1886 – 16 June 1944) was a French historian. He was a founding member of the Annales School of French social history. Bloch specialised in medieval history and published widely on Medieval France over the course of his career. As an academic, he worked at the University of Strasbourg (1920 to 1936), the University of Paris (1936 to 1939), and the University of Montpellier (1941 to 1944).

The Historian's Craft
The Historian's Craft (French: Apologie pour l'histoire ou Métier d'historien) is a 1949 book by Marc Bloch and first published in English in 1953 (New York: Knopf). It was the first of his works to be translated into English. At that stage he was not as well known in the English-speaking world as he was to be in the 1960s where his works on feudal society and rural history were published. The book was written in 1941 and 1942. Bloch joined the French Resistance prior to its completion.
2010 Tashkent Challenger
The 2010 Tashkent Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which is part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tashkent, Uzbekistan between 12 and 17 October 2010.

2010 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2010 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 13 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.