hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biased competition theory
Biased competition theory advocates the idea that each object in the visual field competes for cortical representation and cognitive processing. This theory suggests that the process of visual processing can be biased by other mental processes such as bottom-up and top-down  systems which prioritize certain features of an object or whole items for attention and further processing.  Biased competition theory is, simply stated, the competition of objects for processing. This competition can be biased, often toward the object that is currently attended in the visual field, or alternatively toward the object most relevant to behavior.

Two-streams hypothesis
The two-streams hypothesis is a model of the neural processing of vision as well as hearing. The hypothesis, given its initial characterisation in a paper by David Milner and Melvyn A. Goodale in 1992, argues that humans possess two distinct visual systems. Recently there seems to be evidence of two distinct auditory systems as well. As visual information exits the occipital lobe, and as sound leaves the phonological network, it follows two main pathways, or "streams". The ventral stream (also known as the "what pathway") leads to the temporal lobe, which is involved with object and visual identification and recognition. The dorsal stream (or, "where pathway") leads to the parietal lobe, which is involved with processing the object's spatial location relative to the viewer and with speech repetition.
Pasakha
Pasakha  is a town in southern Bhutan. It has been described as the only industrial town in Bhutan, as it is home to several heavy industries. Tashi Group, the largest private company in Bhutan, operates a chemical plant, a ferrosilicon plant and a soft drinks bottling factory. In total there are 26 factories located in Pasakha. As a side effect of these industries, the town is one of the few places in Bhutan where air pollution is a concern. Local villagers also have a shortage of water due to the high water demand of the nearby industries.

The location is favourable for industry due to the proximity of raw materials, and for exports, the Indian border is nearby.

In 1996 and in August 2000, the town suffered from flood damage from the Basra river.

Tashi Group
The Tashi Group of Companies is the largest privately owned conglomerate of companies in Bhutan.

It was founded in 1959 in Phuentsholing, Bhutan.

Tashi Group has over 40 subsidiaries including Tashi Air (Bhutan Airlines), Tashi Infocomm, T-Bank, Druk School, etc. Tashi Group, the largest private company in Bhutan, operates a chemical plant, a ferrosilicon plant and a soft drinks bottling factory.
Inverness Cathedral
Inverness Cathedral (Scottish Gaelic: Cathair-Eaglais Inbhir Nis), also known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew (1866–69), is a cathedral of the Scottish Episcopal Church situated in the city of Inverness in Scotland close to the banks of the River Ness. It is the seat of the Bishop of Moray, Ross and Caithness, ordinary of the Diocese of Moray, Ross and Caithness. The cathedral is the northernmost extant diocesan cathedral in mainland Britain - Dornoch Cathedral, Fortrose Cathedral and Elgin Cathedral are no longer acting as diocesan cathedrals. It was the first new Protestant cathedral to be completed in Great Britain since the Reformation.

Fortrose Cathedral
Fortrose Cathedral was the episcopal seat (cathedra) of the medieval Scottish diocese of Ross in the Highland region of Scotland near the city of Inverness. It is probable that the original site of the diocese was at Rosemarkie, but by the 13th century the canons had relocated a short distance to the south-west, to the site known as Fortrose or Chanonry. According to Gervase of Canterbury, in the early 13th century the cathedral of Ross was manned by Céli Dé (culdees).
Jolaibari railway station
Jolaibari railway station  is a railway station in South Tripura district, Tripura. Its code is JLBRI. It serves Jolaibari village. The station lies on the Agartala–Sabroom rail section, which comes under the Lumding railway division of the Northeast Frontier Railway. The segment from Agartala to Sabroom via Udaipur became operational on  3 October 2019.

Lumding railway division
Lumding railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 May 1969, with its headquarter located at Lumding in the state of Assam.

Katihar railway division, Alipurduar railway division, Tinsukia railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
2024 North Carolina Courage season
The 2024 North Carolina Courage season was the team's eighth season as a professional women's soccer team. The Courage played in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), the top tier of women's soccer in the United States. They finished the regular season in fifth place and qualified for the playoffs, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by the fourth-seeded Kansas City Current.

Kansas City Current
The Kansas City Current are an American professional soccer team based in Kansas City, Missouri, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). It was founded as an expansion team in 2021. The team plays its home games at CPKC Stadium. They reached the NWSL Championship in 2022, finishing as a runner-up. In 2025, they won the NWSL Shield with the best record in the regular season, setting several NWSL team records.
John Vattanky
Rev. John Vattanky SJ ((1931-07-03)July 3, 1931 – February 22, 2021(2021-02-22) (aged 89)) was a Jesuit priest, belonging to Kerala province, in India. An Indian philosopher, specializing in Gangesa's Navya-Nyāya, he resided at De Nobili College, Pune. Vattanky was a Professor Emeritus of Jnana-Deepa Vidyapeeth, Pune, India. He has contributed significantly to the growth of Indian philosophy and Indian Christian Theology.
His book on Nyaya Theism has been well appreciated and acclaimed. His work on Gangesa, was favourably commented on by Kanchi Sankaracharya.

Gaṅgeśa
Gaṅgeśa (Sanskrit: गङ्गेश / Gaṅgeśa ) (first half of the 14th century) was an Indian philosopher, logician and mathematician from the kingdom of Mithila. He established the Navya-Nyāya ("New Logic") school. His Tattvachintāmaṇi (The Jewel of Thought on the Nature of  Things), also known as Pramāṇacintāmaṇi (The Jewel of Thought on the Means of Valid Knowledge), is the basic text for all later developments. The logicians of this school were primarily interested in defining their terms and concepts related to non-binary logical categories.
Demetrius the Fair
Demetrius the Fair or the Handsome (Greek: Δημήτριος ὁ Καλός, c. 285 BC–249 BC), known in modern ancient historical sources as Demetrius of Cyrene, was a Hellenistic king of Cyrene, who succeeded Magas I.

Stratonice of Syria
Stratonice or Stratonica of Syria (Ancient Greek: Στρατoνίκη, Stratoníkē, "victory of the army", c. 320 BC – 254 BC) was Queen of the Seleucid Empire from 300 BC until 294 BC and from 281 BC until 261 BC.
Kanna Dam
The Kanna Dam (漢那ダム) is a concrete gravity dam on the Kanna River in Ginoza, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The purpose of the dam is water supply and flood control. After studies were carried out in the 1970s(starting in 1973 and ending in 1978), construction on the dam began in 1982 and it was completed in 1992. The dam is 45 m (148 ft) tall and 185 m (607 ft) long. In order to retain the reservoir, a 37 m (121 ft) tall and 500 m (1,640 ft) long saddle dam was constructed directly northeast of the dam. A fish ladder was installed on the dam during construction to assist the migration of fish, shrimp and crabs. Mangroves downstream of the dam were restored after construction and the area is a tourist destination along with a habitat for water fowl.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
List comprehension
A list comprehension is a syntactic construct available in some programming languages for creating a list based on existing lists. It follows the form of the mathematical set-builder notation (set comprehension) as distinct from the use of map and filter functions.

Philip Wadler
Philip Lee Wadler (born April 8, 1956) is a UK-based American computer scientist known for his contributions to programming language design and type theory. He holds the position of Personal Chair of theoretical computer science at the Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science at the School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh. He has contributed to the theory behind functional programming and the use of monads; and the designs of the purely functional language Haskell and the XQuery declarative query language. In 1984, he created the Orwell language. Wadler was involved in adding generic types to Java 5.0. He is also author of "Theorems for free!", a paper that gave rise to much research on functional language optimization (see also Parametricity).
Hylettus
Hylettus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

Hylettus alboplagiatus (White, 1855)

Hylettus aureopilosus Monné, 1988

Hylettus coenobita (Erichson, 1847)

Hylettus eremita (Erichson, 1847)

Hylettus excelsus (Bates, 1864)

Hylettus griseofasciatus (Audinet-Serville, 1835)

Hylettus hiekei Fuchs, 1970

Hylettus magnus Monné, 1988

Hylettus nebulosus Monné, 1982

Hylettus paraleucus Monné, 1988

Hylettus ramea (Bates, 1864)

Hylettus seniculus (Germar, 1824)

Hylettus spilotus Monné, 1982

Hylettus stigmosus Monné, 1982

Hylettus spilotus
Hylettus spilotus is a species of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Miguel A. Monné in 1982, and is known from eastern Ecuador, Peru, eastern central Brazil, and French Guiana.
Boomtown Records
Boomtown Records was an independent record label founded by Jaddan Comerford in October 2002 and based in Melbourne, Australia. In 2011 the label was rebranded with Staple Management to new company, UNFD.

UNFD
UNFD (pronounced as an initialism [ /ˈjuːˈenˈefˈdiː/ ]) is an independent record label based in Melbourne, Australia. The label is home to a number of Australian artists including Thornhill, Ocean Grove, Hellions and In Hearts Wake, and international artists ERRA, Stray From the Path, Silverstein, Invent Animate, and more. The label has offices in London and Los Angeles.

UNFD is part of the UNIFIED Music Group, owned by Jaddan Comerford. Genres that the label lean towards include, but are not limited to; metalcore, electronicore, progressive metal and djent.
Synergism
In Christian theology, synergism refers to the cooperative effort between God and humanity in the process of salvation. Before Augustine of Hippo (354–430), synergism was almost universally endorsed. Later, it came to be reflected in the so-called semi-Pelagian position and the semi-Augustinian stance affirmed by the Second Council of Orange (529). Synergism is affirmed by both the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodoxy. It is also present in various Protestant denominations, such as Anabaptist churches, and is particularly prominent in those influenced by Arminian theology, such as the Methodist churches.

Theological determinism
Theological determinism is a form of predeterminism which states that all events that happen are pre-ordained, and/or predestined to happen, by one or more divine beings, or that they are destined to occur given the divine beings' omniscience. Theological determinism exists in a number of religions, including Jainism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is also supported by proponents of Classical pantheism such as the Stoics and by philosophers such as Baruch Spinoza.
Western citril
The western citril (Crithagra frontalis), also known as the yellow-browed citril, is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae.  It is found in central Africa.

The western citril was formerly placed in the genus Serinus but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. The genus was therefore split and a number of species including the western citril were moved to the resurrected genus Crithagra.

Crithagra
Crithagra is a genus of small passerine birds in the finch family (Fringillidae). They live in Africa and Arabia.

The species in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Serinus, but phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. It was therefore split into two monophyletic genera. Eight species, including the European serin (Serinus serinus), were retained in Serinus, while the other species were assigned to the resurrected genus Crithagra.
Matthew Mullen
Matthew Mullen (born 24 February 1989, in Adelaide) is an Australian footballer who plays for Campbelltown City in the National Premier Leagues. Matthew is the cousin of Daniel Mullen currently plays for Campbelltown City  and the nephew of Joe Mullen, a former Socceroo.

Campbelltown City SC
Campbelltown City Soccer Club is an Australian association football club based in Adelaide, South Australia. Campbelltown competes in Australia's second-tier, NPL South Australia, playing home matches at Newton Village Sports Complex and are the local club of the Campbelltown-Newton area in Adelaide's north-east suburbs.
Radiometric calibration
Radiometric calibration is a general term used in science and technology for any set of calibration techniques in support of the measurement of electromagnetic radiation and atomic particle radiation. These can be for instance, in the field of radiometry or the measurement of ionising radiation radiated from a source.

Counts per minute
The measurement of ionizing radiation is sometimes expressed as being a rate of counts per unit time as registered by a radiation monitoring instrument, for which counts per minute (cpm) and counts per second (cps) are commonly used quantities.

Count rate measurements are associated with the detection of particles, such as alpha particles and beta particles. However, for gamma ray and X-ray dose measurements a unit such as the sievert is normally used.

Both cpm and cps are the rate of detection events registered by the measuring instrument, not the rate of emission from the source of radiation. For radioactive decay measurements it must not be confused with disintegrations per unit time (dpm), which represents the rate of atomic disintegration events at the source of the radiation.
BIOTECanada
BIOTECanada, previously the Industrial Biotechnology Association of Canada, is a Canadian biotechnology industry association based in Ottawa, Ontario. It is an industry-funded membership organization composed of over 250 national and international pharmaceutical and gene therapy companies, medical device manufacturers, agricultural science businesses, law firms, academic institutions, research and development networks, advertising agencies, insurance companies and financial services firms.

BIOTECanada and the University of Western Ontario jointly administer the Gold Leaf Awards, presented annually to individuals and organizations who are deemed to have made significant contributions to Canada's biotechnology sector.

Biotechnology Innovation Organization
The Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) is the largest advocacy association in the world representing the biotechnology industry. 
It was founded in 1993 as the Biotechnology Industry Organization from a merger of the Industrial Biotechnology Association (IBA) and the Association of Biotechnology Companies (ABC), and changed its name to the Biotechnology Innovation Organization on January 4, 2016. Biotechnology Innovation Organization serves more than 1,100 biotechnology firms, research schools, state biotechnology centers and related associations in the United States and in more than 30 other countries.
2017 CONCACAF U-17 Championship
The 2017 CONCACAF Under-17 Championship was the 5th edition of the CONCACAF Under-17 Championship (18th edition if all eras included), the men's under-17 international football tournament organized by CONCACAF. It was hosted in Panama between 21 April and 7 May 2017.

The competition was used to determine the four CONCACAF representatives at the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup in India.

CONCACAF Under-17 World Cup Qualification
The CONCACAF U-17 World Cup qualification is an international association football event in the North America, Central America and the Caribbean region, and is the qualification tournament for the FIFA U-17 World Cup.
Mercedes-Benz W25
The Mercedes-Benz W25 is a Grand Prix racing car designed by Daimler-Benz AG for the 1934 Grand Prix season, in which new rules were introduced, and no championship was held. In 1935, the European Championship was resumed, and it was won by Rudolf Caracciola in a W25. In modified form, the W25 remained in use until 1937, when it was succeeded by the Mercedes-Benz W125.

1935 Grand Prix season
The 1935 Grand Prix season was the second year of the new 750 kg Formula. The success of the previous year encouraged the AIACR to reinitiate the European Championship. It was composed of the seven national Grands Prix and was won by Rudolf Caracciola, driving for the Mercedes-Benz team. The team dominated the season winning five of those Grand Épreuves, as well as four of the other major races of the season. However, in one of the great motor-races in sporting history, Tazio Nuvolari in a Scuderia Ferrari Alfa Romeo beat the combined numbers of the German teams in their home Grand Prix. The season also saw the arrival on the international stage of the bright young talent Bernd Rosemeyer in the Auto Union team.

Note that the Nazi German flag, bearing the swastika, was adopted on 15 September 1935 – one week before the final championship race of the season.
Schkölen
Schkölen (German pronunciation: [ˈʃkøːlən] ⓘ) is a town in the Saale-Holzland district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 12 km south of Naumburg. The village Zschorgula is part of the municipality.

Saale-Holzland-Kreis
Saale-Holzland (official German name: Saale-Holzland-Kreis) is a Kreis (district) in the east of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the district Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, the district-free city Gera, the districts Greiz, Saale-Orla, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, Weimarer Land and the district-free city Jena.
35th NAACP Image Awards
The 35th NAACP Image Awards ceremony, presented by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), honored outstanding representations and achievements of people of color in motion pictures, television, music, and literature during the 2003 calendar year. The ceremony took place on March 6, 2004 and aired on March 11, 2004 on Fox. It was hosted by Jill Marie Jones, Persia White, Golden Brooks and Tracee Ellis Ross.

American preacher T. D. Jakes was honored with the President's Award. The Dave Matthews Band was recognized with the Chairman's Award, while American singer and actress Beyoncé was awarded as the Entertainer of the Year. During the ceremony Ray Charles was inducted into the NAACP Hall of Fame, three months before his death at 73 on June 10, 2004.

The following is a listing of nominees, with winners in bold:

NAACP Image Award – President's Award
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People presents an annual NAACP Image Award.  Winners are selected by the NAACP president in recognition of special achievement and distinguished public service. The following are winners for the President's Award:
Nar Nar Goon
Nar Nar Goon is a town in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, 61 km (38 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Nar Nar Goon recorded a population of 1,023 at the 2021 census.

Numerous murals have been painted upon a number of its old and historical buildings.

Shire of Cardinia
The Shire of Cardinia is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-east of Melbourne between Western Port and the Yarra Ranges on the outskirts of Melbourne. It has an area of 1,283 square kilometres (495 sq mi), and recorded a population of 118,194 at the 2021 census.

Cardinia Shire Council Offices are located in Officer. Prior to 17 November 2014, they were located in Pakenham.
Eslamabad-e Qarakhlu
Eslamabad-e Qarakhlu (Persian: اسلام آبادقرخلو, also Romanized as Eslāmābād-e Qarakhlū) is a village in Vardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 101, in 25 families.

Vardasht Rural District
Vardasht Rural District (Persian: دهستان وردشت) is in Vardasht District of Semirom County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Varaq. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Fathabad.
Domaine Leroy
Domaine  Leroy is a vineyard estate which produces red Burgundy. The winery is located in the wine producing village of Auxey-Duresses. The winery is split between negociant label Maison Leroy and wines of their own vineyards called Domaine Leroy.

The domaine has always produced biodynamic wine, and is certified by ECOCERT. Lalou Bize-Leroy of Domaine Leroy also owns a quarter of Domaine de la Romanée-Conti.
The domaine has 23 hectares of vines, mostly Premier Cru and Grand Cru classified. Lalou Bize-Leroy became the managing director of the winery in 1971. As a wine producer, Domaine Leroy is regarded as one of the most sought after, rare and expensive wines in Burgundy's Côte d'Or and the world. For example, a recent vintage bottlings of Leroy's Musigny Grand Cru red wine made from pinot noir exceed tens of thousands of dollars per bottle.

Cru (wine)
Cru is a wine term used to indicate a high-quality vineyard or group of vineyards. It is a French word which was originally used to refer to both a region and anything grown in it, but is now mostly used to refer to both a vineyard and its wines. The term is often used within classifications of French wine. By implication, a wine that displays (or is allowed to display) the name of its cru on its wine label is supposed to exhibit the typical characteristics of this vineyard or group of vineyards. The terms premier cru and grand cru designate levels of presumed quality that are variously defined in different wine regions.
Trollsteineggje
Trollsteineggje is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,300-metre (7,500 ft) tall mountain is the 22nd tallest mountain in Norway. It is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the village of Fossbergom and about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) southeast of the village of Elvesæter. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Trollsteinrundhøe to the north, Grotbreahesten to the northeast, and Glittertinden to the south.

The population density of the area around Trollseteinseggi is less than 2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.2/sq mi). The area around Trollsteineggi is almost completely covered with grass. The climate is boreal.

Elvesæter
Elvesæter is a village in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located at the junction of the Bøverdalen and Leirdalen valleys, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of the village of Fossbergom. The small village area lies in the Jotunheimen mountains, just north of Jotunheimen National Park. The village lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north of Galdhøpiggen, the tallest mountain in Norway.

The village is the site of a large hotel which was the site of the 12th World Scout Conference in 1949.