hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pirenidae
Pirenidae is a family of chalcidoid wasps with a cosmopolitan distribution. It was formerly treated as a subfamily within the family Pteromalidae but is now recognized as a distinct family. Members of the family are parasitioid or hyperparasitoid with hosts including Braconidae, Cecidomyiidae, and Coccoidea.

Pteromalidae
The Pteromalidae are a large family of wasps, the majority being parasitoids of other insects. They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats, and many are important as biological control agents. The oldest known fossil is known from the Early Cretaceous.

Prior to 2022, the subfamily-level divisions of the family were highly contentious and unstable, and the family was thought to be "artificial", composed of numerous, distantly related groups (polyphyletic). In essence, a "pteromalid" was any member of the Chalcidoidea that had five-segmented tarsi and did not have the defining features of any of the remaining families with five-segmented tarsi.

In 2022, the Pteromalidae was split into 24 families.
Tony Shafrazi
Tony Shafrazi (born May 8, 1943) is an American art dealer, gallery owner, and artist. He is the owner of the Tony Shafrazi Gallery in New York City who deals in artwork by artists such as Francis Bacon, Keith Haring, and David LaChapelle.

Leo Castelli
Leo Castelli (né Krausz; September 4, 1907 – August 21, 1999) was an Italian-American art dealer who originated the contemporary art gallery system. His gallery showcased  contemporary art for five decades. Among the movements which Castelli showed were Surrealism, abstract expressionism, Neo-Dada, pop art, op art, color field painting, hard-edge painting, lyrical abstraction, minimalism, conceptual art, and neo-expressionism.
Matuschka
Joanne Motichka (born 19 March 1954), known professionally as Matuschka, is an American photographer, artist, author, activist, and model. Her self-portrait on the Sunday cover of New York Times magazine in 1993 was chosen by LIFE for a special edition entitled 100 Photographs that Changed the World published in 2003 and again in 2011. The artist has been nominated for many awards, including a Pulitzer Prize, and has received dozens of citations, honors, and distinctions for her photographic works, and activism since the early 1990s. In 2012 Matuschka appeared in Rose Hartman's book Incomparable Women of Style, and in 2011 John Loengard included her in his monograph: The Age of Silver: Encounters with Great Photographers.

SHARE Cancer Support
SHARE is a "highly regarded New York City peer support" organization of women affected by breast or ovarian cancer.  SHARE is a professionally managed volunteer organization. Trained volunteers and staff who are breast or ovarian cancer survivors operate telephone hotlines in English, Spanish and ten other languages, lead support groups, and offer an array of educational services in 18 sites and in every borough of New York City. SHARE does not charge for any of its services, and has been praised for "their extensive outreach programs to underserved communities in New York City."  The organization cooperates with several major hospitals in the New York City area.
Firangi (TV channel)
Firangi is a Hindi-language entertainment channel that was owned by Sahara India Pariwar. In its early years, this channel telecast some international shows and movies that were dubbed in the Hindi language. The channel now airs reruns of old Sahara One series, similar to Star Utsav.

Sahara India Pariwar
Sahara India Pariwar (pariwar being Hindi for "family") is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The group operates in numerous business sectors.

It has been long accused of shady business practices including money laundering and running ponzi schemes, the group has been also referred to as "India's Swiss Bank". The group is currently embroiled in Sahara India Pariwar investor fraud case.
Vanessa Boubryemm
Vanessa Boubryemm (born 16 January 1982 in Tourcoing) is an amateur French freestyle wrestler, who played for the women's flyweight category. She is a three-time national wrestling champion, a two-time medalist at the World Championships, and a three-time medalist for the 48 and 51 kg classes at the European Championships. She also won a gold medal in the women's 51 kg division at the 2005 Mediterranean Games in Almería, Spain. Boubryemm is a member of Lutte Club Tourcoing, and is currently coached and trained by Nodar Bokashvili.

Boubryemm represented France at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for the women's 48 kg class. She defeated Venezuela's Mayelis Caripá and Russia's Zamira Rakhmanova in the preliminaries, before losing out the quarterfinal match to U.S. wrestler Clarissa Chun, with a two-set technical score (1–6, 2–6), and a classification point score of 1–3.

Mayelis Caripá
Mayelis Yesenia Caripá Castillo (born 16 August 1980 in Valencia) is a Venezuelan freestyle wrestler. She competed at the 2004, 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics.

In 2004, she did not get out of her pool in the 48 kg freestyle event.  
At the 2008 Summer Olympics, she lost to Vanessa Boubryemm in the first round of the 48 kg event.  She competed in the freestyle 48 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics; she defeated Alexandra Engelhardt in the 1/8 finals and was eliminated by Irini Merleni in the quarterfinals.
West Maka Ska, Minneapolis
West Maka Ska, formerly known as West Calhoun, is a neighborhood in the U.S. city of Minneapolis. The neighborhood was generally rural with a couple grain silos along the railroad track heading into Downtown Minneapolis until about the 1910s. Although the railroad still runs through the neighborhood, the neighborhood is now mainly homes, apartment buildings, and strip malls.

West Maka Ska is the southwestern-most neighborhood of the Bde Maka Ska-Isles community in the western part of the city. It is in Ward 7, represented by council member Katie Cashman.

The neighborhood is bordered on the east by East Bde Maka Ska, the north by Cedar-Isles-Dean, the south by Linden Hills and the west by the city of St. Louis Park. Its boundaries are Lake Street to the north, Bde Maka Ska to the east, 36th Street to the south, and France Avenue to the west.

East Bde Maka Ska, Minneapolis
East Bde Maka Ska is a neighborhood within the Bde Maka Ska-Isles community in the U.S. city of Minneapolis. It was known as East Calhoun prior to August 2021.

The neighborhood is located south of the East Isles neighborhood and its northern portion along with parts of the East Isles, Lowry Hill East, and South Uptown neighborhoods forms the city's Uptown district. East Bde Maka Ska is bordered on the north by Lake Street, on the east by Hennepin Avenue, on the south by West 36th Street and on the west by Bde Maka Ska. It is in Ward 10, represented by council member Aisha Chughtai.
Prusias ad Hypium
Prusias ad Hypium (Ancient Greek: Προῦσα πρὸς τῷ Ὑππίῳ ποταμῷ) was a city in ancient Bithynia, and afterwards in the late Roman province of Honorias. In the 4th century it became a bishopric that was a suffragan of Claudiopolis in Honoriade. Before its conquest by King Prusias I of Bithynia, it was named Cierus or Kieros (Ancient Greek: Κίερος) and belonged to the Heraclea Pontica. Photius writes that it was called Kieros, after the river which flows by it.

Bithynia
Bithynia (/bɪˈθɪniə/; Koine Greek: Βιθυνία, romanized: Bithynía) is a geographical region of northwestern Asia Minor (in present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It borders Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast along the Black Sea coast, and Phrygia to the southeast towards the interior of Asia Minor.

Hellenistic Bithynia was an independent kingdom from the 3rd century BC. Its capital Nicomedia was rebuilt on the site of ancient Astacus in 264 BC by Nicomedes I. Bithynia was bequeathed to the Roman Republic in 74 BC, and became united with the Pontus (region) region as the province of Bithynia and Pontus.

In the 7th century it was incorporated into the Byzantine Opsikion theme. It became a border region to the Seljuk Empire in the 13th century, and was eventually conquered by the Ottoman Turks between 1325 and 1333.
The Glorious Flight
The Glorious Flight: Across the Channel with Louis Blériot is a 1993 children's picture book written by Alice and Martin Provensen. The book is a biography of the French aviator Louis Blériot, who built the Blériot XI and flew it across the English Channel in 1909.

Released by Viking Press, in 1983, it was the recipient of the Caldecott Medal for illustration in 1984.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Stefan Mugoša
Stefan Mugoša (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Стефан Мугоша; born 26 February 1992) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as a striker for K League 2 club Incheon United and for the Montenegro national team.

2024 K League 1
The 2024 K League 1, also known as the Hana Bank K League 1 for sponsorship reasons, is the 42nd season of the top division of professional football in South Korea, and the twelfth season of the K League 1. Ulsan HD defended their title for the second consecutive year.
Cromartyshire
57°36′N 4°00′W﻿ / ﻿57.6°N 4.0°W﻿ / 57.6; -4.0

Cromartyshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Chromba) was a county in the Highlands of Scotland, comprising the medieval "old shire" around the county town of Cromarty and 22 enclaves and exclaves transferred from Ross-shire in the late 17th century. The largest part, six times the size of the old shire, was Coigach, containing Ullapool and the area north-west of it. In 1889, Cromartyshire was merged with Ross-shire to become a new county called Ross and Cromarty, which in 1975 was merged into the new council area of Highland.

Earl of Cromartie
Earl of Cromartie ( /ˈkrɒmərti/ ⓘ) is a title that has been created twice, both for members of the Mackenzie family. It was first created as Earl of Cromarty in the Peerage of Scotland in 1703 for Sir George Mackenzie, 2nd Baronet, but his titles were forfeited after the Jacobite rising of 1745. It was recreated in 1861 in the Peerage of the United Kingdom for Anne Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland (née Hay-Mackenzie). Since 1979, the Earl of Cromartie has been chief of Clan Mackenzie.
P'umpu Q'asa
P'umpu Q'asa (Quechua p'umpu tumor, swelling, to swell; congestion, q'asa mountain pass, Hispanicized spelling Pumpujasa) is a 5,169-metre-high (16,959 ft) mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Arequipa Region, La Unión Province, Huaynacotas District. P'umpu Q'asa lies southeast of Kimsa Chata and Puka Urqu.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
2011 Büschl Open
The 2011 Büschl Open was a professional tennis tournament played on carpet courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Ismaning, Germany between 31 October and 6 November 2011.

2011 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2011 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2011 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Maevatanana, Diana
Maevatanana is a rural municipality in northern Madagascar, 24 km from Ambanja.
It lies in the valley of the Sambirano River that is the main cocoa producing area of Madagascar. 
60% or 7,500 to 10,000 ton yearly is provided by this area. There is an unpaved road from Ambanja to Marovato, via Benavony, Ambodimanga Ramena, Bemaneviky Ouest, Maevatanana that is hardly navigable. Most of the exported cocoa is therefore transported with boats on the Sambirano River.

Marovato, Ambanja
Marovato is a municipality (French: commune, Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambanja, which is a part of Diana Region. According to 2001 census the population of Marovato was 16,130.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 99% of the population are farmers.  The most important crop is coffee, while other important products are cocoa and rice.  Services provide employment for 1% of the population.
Nawat typology
This article provides a typological sketch of the Nawat language (also known as Pipil). Another article outlines Nawat grammar in fuller detail. This article singles out specific features of Nawat linguistic structure that are relevant to this language's general typological classification and characterization.

Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed.

Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either inflectional, creating a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same lexical category, or derivational, creating a new word with a new semantic meaning and sometimes also a different lexical category. Prefixes, like all affixes, are usually bound morphemes.

English has no inflectional prefixes, using only suffixes for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For example, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy.

The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix (meaning "attach", in this case), and the prefix pre- (meaning "before"), both of which are derived from Latin roots.
Laverda 1000
The Laverda 1000 is a series of 981 cc (59.9 cu in) air cooled DOHC triple motorcycles produced by the Italian manufacturer Laverda between 1973 and 1988. The high-performance variant, the Jota, was the fastest production motorcycle from 1976 to 1981. Approximately 7,100 triples of the various models were produced.

Combustion chamber
A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned. For steam engines, the term has also been used for an extension of the firebox which is used to allow a more complete combustion process.
Connie Binsfeld
Connie Berube Binsfeld (April 18, 1924 – January 12, 2014) was an American Republican politician from the U.S. State of Michigan. She served as the 60th lieutenant governor of Michigan. Starting as an advocate for the environment in planning for the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, she also was known for protecting interests of women and children. She was the first woman to hold leadership posts in Michigan's House, Senate and executive branch, where she served four terms in the House, two in the Senate, and two as Lieutenant Governor.

Siena Heights University
Siena Heights University (SHU) is a private Catholic university in Adrian, Michigan, United States. It was founded by the Adrian Dominican Sisters in 1919. The university will close at the end of the 2025-2026 academic year.
Mittelhessen-Arena
The Buderus Arena Wetzlar is a multipurpose indoor event facility located in Wetzlar, Germany. It hosts sports matches, concerts and exhibitions and is the home venue of the HSG Wetzlar handball team. The Arena is located beside Wetzlar railway station and the Forum Wetzlar shopping centre. The three establishments share a multistorey car park.

HSG Wetzlar
HSG Wetzlar is a professional handball club from Wetzlar, Germany. It competes in the top-tier Handball-Bundesliga and in the German Handball Cup. They have played in the Bundesliga since 1998 without relegation.
Thagone mine
The Thagone mine is a large potash mine in northern Laos in Vientiane Province. Thagone is one of the largest potash reserves in Laos having estimated reserves of 50.3 billion tonnes of ore grading 15% potassium chloride.

Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).
Nam Kon
Nam Kon (Korean: 남곤; Hanja: 南袞; 1471 – 10 March 1527) was a Korean politician, poet, Neo-Confucian scholar, thinker, writer and Prime Minister during the Joseon period. His art names were Chijŏng (지정; 止亭), Chijoktang (지족당; 知足堂) and Chijok (지족; 知足), while his courtesy name was Sahwa (사화; 士華). He was also a member of the Sarim faction.

Uiryeong Nam clan
Uiryeong Nam clan (Korean: 의령 남씨; Hanja: 宜寧 南氏) is a Korean clan. Their Bon-gwan is in Uiryeong County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to research from 2015, the number of people in Uiryeong Nam clan was 162729. Their founder was Nam Min. Before he became naturalized, he was dispatched to Japan as an envoy. However, on his way back to Korea, he had a shipwreck because of a typhoon. He was granted his new surname (i.e. clan name) Nam (Hanja: 南氏) by Gyeongdeok of Silla because he was from Runan County (Hanja: 汝南), China.
Estádio Ícaro de Castro Melo
23°34′41.4″S 46°39′16.1″W﻿ / ﻿23.578167°S 46.654472°W﻿ / -23.578167; -46.654472

The Estádio Ícaro de Castro Melo is a stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, located near Ibirapuera Park, beside Ginásio do Ibirapuera, which is why it is also known as Estádio do Ibirapuera and Pista de Atletismo do Ibirapuera. It has a capacity of 13,000 people.

In 2007, the Pan American Junior Athletics Championships were held in this venue.

Ginásio do Ibirapuera
Ginásio do Ibirapuera (lit. 'Gymnasium of Ibirapuera'), officially named Ginásio Estadual Geraldo José de Almeida is an indoor sporting arena located in São Paulo, Brazil. The seating capacity of the arena is 11,000 people and it was opened on 25 January 1957. It is used mostly for volleyball matches.
Izhorians
The Izhorians (Ingrian: ižorat, ižorit, inkeroiset; Russian: ижо́ра; ижо́ры, ижо́рцы; Finnish: inkerikot; Estonian: isurid) are a Finnic indigenous people native to Ingria. Small numbers can still be found in the western part of Ingria, between the Narva and Neva rivers in northwestern Russia. They are also referred to as Ingrians, although the term can also refer to the Ingrian Finns or the Baltic Finnic residents of Ingria in general.

Narva (river)
The Narva, formerly also Narwa or Narova, is a river in northeastern Estonia flowing 77 kilometres (48 mi) north from Lake Peipus to the Baltic Sea. It is the largest Estonian river by discharge and forms part of the Estonia–Russia border.

The river gives its name to the archaeological (Neolithic) Narva culture, as well as the city of Narva. Narva is the third most populous urban area in Estonia and faces the Russian town of Ivangorod across the river.

At the coast, the river passes part of the Estonian resort town of Narva-Jõesuu. Its mouth opens into WNW-facing Narva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. The Narva gives the second-greatest discharge into the Gulf of Finland after the Neva River.
Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process in which voluntary behaviors are modified by association with the addition (or removal) of reward or aversive stimuli. The frequency or duration of the behavior may increase through reinforcement or decrease through punishment or extinction.

Clinical behavior analysis
Clinical behavior analysis (CBA; also called clinical behaviour analysis or third-generation behavior therapy) is the clinical application of behavior analysis (ABA). CBA represents a movement in behavior therapy away from methodological behaviorism and back toward radical behaviorism and the use of functional analytic models of verbal behavior—particularly, relational frame theory (RFT).
2017 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2017 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships was the 38th edition of the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships. The event took place from 22 September to 1 October 2017 in Pau, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF) at the Pau-Pyrénées Whitewater Stadium. Pau was also hosting the Wildwater Canoeing World Championships as part of the same event.

The Mixed C2 event returned to the world's program for the first time since 1981. The men's C2 team event was not a world championship event due to only 4 countries participating. A non-olympic event must have participants from at least 6 countries to be counted as a world championship.

A brand new medal event was the Extreme K1 which has been part of the World Cup program since 2016.

Pau-Pyrénées Whitewater Stadium
43°17′10″N 0°21′29″W﻿ / ﻿43.286°N 0.358°W﻿ / 43.286; -0.358

Pau-Pyrénées Whitewater Stadium (French: Stade d'eaux-vives Pau-Pyrénées) is the home training facility for the French national canoe slalom team.  It was first used to train the French team for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.  It 2009, it was the first of three venues used in the canoe slalom World Cup. It is also a whitewater park for recreational use by the general public.
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the State of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2024 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections took place on July 30, 2024.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on November 8, 2022, to determine the nine representatives of the state of Arizona. The elections coincided with the 2022 Arizona gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate, and various other state and local elections. Despite losing the concurrent Senate and governor elections,  the Republicans flipped both the 2nd and 6th congressional districts, making this the first time that the party controlled six seats in Arizona since 2004. Primaries in Arizona took place on August 2.