hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Amazing Race China 4
The Amazing Race China 4 (Chinese: 极速前进第四季) is the fourth season of the Chinese reality competition show The Amazing Race China (Chinese: 极速前进; pinyin: Jísù Qiánjìn). Based on the American reality TV series The Amazing Race, it featured eight teams of two in a race around Eurasia. This season visited two continents and six countries and traveled over 30,000 kilometres (19,000 mi) during ten legs. Starting in Hong Kong, racers travelled through Denmark, Sweden, Anhui, Singapore, Vietnam, Guangdong, Macau, Malaysia, and Shanghai before finishing in Chuzhou. By-Health left as the main sponsor, with HeiHeiRu becoming the main sponsor for this season. The season premiered on Shenzhen TV on August 4, 2017. The season finale aired on October 6.

Married couple Jia Jingwen and Xiu Jiekai were the winners of this season, while partners Zheng Yuancheng and Wang Likun finished second, and married couple Wu Minxia and Zhang Xiaocheng finished third.

Lau Pa Sat
Lau Pa Sat (Chinese: 老巴刹; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lāu Pa-sat; pinyin: Lǎo Bāshā; lit. 'Old Market'), also known as Telok Ayer Market (Malay: Pasar Telok Ayer; Chinese: 直落亚逸巴刹), is a historic building located within the Downtown Core in the Central Area of Singapore. It was first built in 1824 as a fish market on the waterfront serving the people of early colonial Singapore and rebuilt in 1838. It was then relocated and rebuilt at the present location in 1894. It is currently a food court with stalls selling a variety of local cuisine.

The market remains one of the oldest Victorian structures in South-East Asia and one of the first structures built in pre-fabricated cast iron in Asia. It is also the only remaining market left that served the residents in the central district of early Singapore.
Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Swimming at the 2016 Paralympic Games was held from 8 to 17 September 2016 at Rio Olympic Aquatics Stadium. The competition consisted of 152 events, across multiple classifications, and all swum in a long course (50-metre) pool. Up to 600 swimmers (340 males, 260 females) competed in the Games. With 152 events, swimming came second only to athletics as the largest sport at the 2016 Games.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8 to 18 September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.
Marzio
Marzio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Varese. The origin of the name "Marzio" could derive from the Latin name "Marcius" or it could refer to the Italian word "rotten". The council of Marzio covers an area of 1.98 kilometers2 
Marzio borders the following municipalities: Brusimpiano, Cadegliano-Viconago, Cuasso al Monte, Lavena Ponte Tresa, Marchirolo; the territory of the Comune is comprised in the Cinque Vette Park.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.
Lytham St Annes Hockey Club
Lytham St Annes Hockey Club is based at Lytham Cricket and Sports Club on Church Rd, Lytham, Lancashire, England.  It comprises 4 men's and 3 ladies' sides with the men's 1st XI competing in the North Hockey League Division 2 West and the ladies' 1st XI competing in North Women's Hockey League Division 2 (West).  All teams play their home games at local school astroturf pitches at AKS Lytham and at Lytham St. Annes High Technology College.

AKS Lytham
AKS Lytham (AKS), is a private co-educational day school located on the Fylde, Lancashire, England. It is based on a coastal 35-acre site in Lytham St Annes. AKS Lytham is a member of HMC and a part of the United Church Schools Trust family of schools.

AKS is a member of the Round Square group of schools, a network of more than 200 schools in 50 countries. The school also provides an on-site Forest Schools programme within the Prep School grounds. The school hosts lectures for the Lytham St Annes Classical Association, the largest branch of the Classical Association set up by a former student.
Hurst Castle and Lymington River Estuary
Hurst Castle and Lymington River Estuary is a 1,077.3-hectare (2,662-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Lymington in Hampshire. It is a Nature Conservation Review site and two areas are Geological Conservation Review sites. Three areas are local nature reserves, Boldre Foreshore, Sturt Pond and Lymington and Keyhaven Marshes; the latter site is managed by the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust. Part of it is North Solent National Nature Reserve. It is part of Solent and Southampton Water Ramsar site and Special Protection Area. Parts of it are in  Solent Maritime and Solent and Isle of Wight Lagoons Special Areas of Conservation.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Bank of Montreal Building (Victoria, British Columbia)
The Bank of Montreal Building, or Bank of Montreal, Government Street Branch, is an historic building in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Designed by architect Francis Rattenbury, the building was constructed in 1897.
  It is located on Government Street, at the entrance of Bastion Square, a few blocks north of the British Columbia Parliament Buildings and The Empress. This building currently hosts the Irish Times Pub.

Bastion Square
Bastion Square is a historic pedestrian mall in Victoria, British Columbia.

The square has a ceremonial entry arch at View and Government streets, and the exit on the Wharf Street side opens to a staircase with a view of the Inner Harbour.

In 1963, under the direction of city planner Rod Clack, Bastion Square was developed as part of the modern scheme for Centennial Square. View Street was closed off, and a pedestrian area was created, set off by restored historic buildings on three sides and a view across the harbour on the fourth.

Historic buildings on the square include Burnes House, the Beaver Building, the Board of Trade Building, Chancery Chambers, Law Chambers, the Rithet Building, and the Supreme Court Building.

Events held at the square include the Bastion Square Public Market, the Holiday Market, and the Art Walk.
Boraras
Boraras is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the subfamily Rasborinae - the Rasbora, which along with sister subfamily Danioninae (Danio, Devario, Microdevario) comprise the family Danionidae, group popular among freshwater aquarium hobbyists.

The fish in this genus are found in Asia.

Devario
Devario is a genus of fish in the family Danionidae, a family which also contains several other genera of popular freshwater aquarium fish such as Rasbora and Danio.

Devario are native to the rivers and streams of South and Southeast Asia. They have short barbels, with many species having vertical or horizontal stripes. These species consume various small, aquatic insects, crustaceans and worms, as well as, in the case of fry, plankton.
Leo Laurens
Leo Laurens (born 30 July 1952) is a Belgian former professional darts player who competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) events. At the end of 1993, he was number one in the WDF world rankings after all of the BDO's top players broke away to form the World Darts Council (now the Professional Darts Corporation, PDC).

Mike Gregory (darts player)
Michael Seward Gregory (16 December 1956 – 19 April 2022) was an English professional darts player, best remembered as the runner-up to Phil Taylor in the 1992 Embassy World Darts Championship final, which went to a tiebreak final leg and is regarded as one of the greatest matches in darts history.

Gregory was also twice runner-up in the Winmau World Masters. Among his tournament wins were the News of the World Championship (1987 and 1988), the Butlins Grand Masters (1984), the MFI World Matchplay (1986), the WDF Europe Cup (1988), the WDC UK Masters (1992 and 1993) and the European Masters (1995). Gregory was also a controversial figure in the 1993 split in darts, first siding with the rebel World Darts Council players in leaving the British Darts Organisation, before rejoining the BDO.
Stuart Cameron (musician)
Stuart Cameron is a Canadian guitarist, based in Toronto, Ontario.  He is the son of John Allan Cameron and is a member of The Heartbroken.  He has recorded and toured with Ashley MacIsaac, Crash Test Dummies, Amanda Marshall, Matthew Good, John Allan Cameron, George Canyon, Gordie Sampson and Shaye.

Cameron is a prominent figure in the Fergus Scottish Festival and Highland Games, in Fergus, Ontario, where he took over as Chieftain of the Games after his father's death. He leads many of the ceremonies and often plays a solo musical act or with Celtic bands who are a part of the festival, such as Tom Leadbeater, Seven Nations, and The Town Pants.

Gordie Sampson
Gordon Francis Sampson (born July 30, 1971) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and producer from Big Pond, Nova Scotia.

Beginning his career as a performer on his hometown island of Cape Breton, both in bands and on his own, Sampson has gone on to achieve international success as a songwriter in Nashville. He has written songs for Carrie Underwood, Keith Urban, Faith Hill, LeAnn Rimes, Blake Shelton, Miranda Lambert, and Rascal Flatts. He has also released albums as a solo performer.

Sampson has received a Grammy Award, a Juno Award, two ASCAP Awards, East Coast Music Awards, and honorary degrees from Cape Breton University and St. Francis Xavier University.
Battle of Wisil
On June 27, 2021, militants from al-Shabaab attacked Somali soldiers and civilian militiamen at a military base in Wisil, Mudug, Somalia. At least 17 soldiers and 13 civilians were killed in the attack, along with dozens of al-Shabaab fighters.

Mudug
Mudug (Somali: Mudug) is an administrative region (gobol) in north-central Somalia. Spread across an area of 72,933 km2 (28,160 sq mi), the northern section of Mudug is part of Puntland whilst the majority of Mudug is part of Galmudug State, both of which are autonomous states within the Federal Republic of Somalia. It features a rural economy based largely on pastoralist livelihoods and limited agriculture. The security environment is volatile due to inter-clan feuds and conflicting jurisdiction, which has resulted in humanitarian and governance challenges.
Oracle complexity (optimization)
In mathematical optimization, oracle complexity is a standard theoretical framework to study the computational requirements for solving classes of optimization problems. It is suitable for analyzing iterative algorithms which proceed by computing local information about the objective function at various points (such as the function's value, gradient, Hessian etc.). The framework has been used to provide tight worst-case guarantees on the number of required iterations, for several important classes of optimization problems.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Is This the Life We Really Want?
Is This the Life We Really Want? is the fourth solo album by the English rock musician Roger Waters, released on 2 June 2017 by Columbia Records. It was produced by Nigel Godrich, who urged Waters to make a more concise, less theatrical album. It was Waters' first solo album since Amused to Death (1992), and his first studio work since the opera Ça Ira (2005).

The album reached number three in the UK and number 11 in the United States. It produced four singles: "Smell the Roses", "Déjà Vu", "The Last Refugee" and "Wait for Her".

Ça Ira (opera)
Ça Ira (French for "It will be all right", subtitled "There is Hope") is an opera by Roger Waters. It comes in three acts and is a concept album. The album is based on the French libretto co-written by Étienne and Nadine Roda-Gil on the historical subject of the early French Revolution. Ça Ira was released 26 September 2005, as a double CD album featuring baritone Bryn Terfel, soprano Ying Huang, and tenor Paul Groves. The album received mixed reviews, with critics praising the composition but criticising its plot and simplicity.
Dakor railway station
Dakor railway station is a railway station on the Western Railway network in the state of Gujarat, India. Dakor railway station is 29 km far away from Anand Junction railway station. MEMU trains halt here.

Anand Junction railway station
Anand Junction (station code: ANND) is a major junction located in Anand, Gujarat. It is a junction on the railway line which connects Ahmedabad with Vadodara and Mumbai and was opened in 1901.

A 14 mile long broad-gauge line was opened in 1929 connecting Vadtal with Anand Junction and Kanjari Boriyavi Junction, with 4 platforms benefitting pilgrims visiting the Swaminarayan Temple in Vadtal. Other broad-gauge branches from Anand connect it to Godhra and Cambay.

In 2011, Indian Railways announced its intention to set up "multi-function complex" including budget hotels at Anand railway station.
Yester Chapel
Yester Chapel is situated on the estate of Yester House, at the south-east edge of the village of Gifford in East Lothian, Scotland. The chapel is situated at grid reference NT544671. It is a Category A listed building.

Yester House
Yester House is an early 18th-century mansion near Gifford in East Lothian, Scotland. It was the home of the Hay family, later Marquesses of Tweeddale, from the 15th century until the late 1960s. Construction of the present house began in 1699, and continued well into the 18th century in a series of building phases. It is now protected as a category A listed building, and the grounds of the house are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens.
Indulgents
The Indulgents, or Dantonists (French: Dantonistes [dɑ̃n.tɔ̃.ists]) was a political faction formed around 1793 and centered around Georges Danton.

During the French Revolution, what was previously referred to as modérantisme changed after the fall of the Girondins, when revolutionaries around Danton and Camille Desmoulins also began to want to slow down the revolution in its violence. Another two famous Dantonists were Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles and Fabre d'Églantine. Although not a Dantonist, Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne maintained close relations with Danton. The name "Indulgents" was a derogatory term for Robespierre.

The movement emerged in the summer of 1793 as the moderate wing of the Cordeliers. At the same time, a group around Hebert developed in the other direction (Hebertists), which  also met with the displeasure of the Jacobins, which also led to their destruction, two months before the Indulgents (Feb. '94 to Apr. '94).

Hébertists
The Hébertists (French: Hébertistes, [e.bɛʁ.tist]), or Exaggerators (French: Exagérés), were a radical revolutionary political group associated with the populist journalist Jacques Hébert, a member of the Cordeliers club. They came to power during the Reign of Terror and played a significant role in the French Revolution.

The Hébertists were ardent supporters of the dechristianization of France and of extreme measures in service of the Terror, including the Law of Suspects enacted in 1793. They favoured the direct intervention of the state in economic matters in order to ensure the adequate supply of commodities, advocating the national requisition of wine and grain.

The leaders went to the guillotine on 24 March 1794.
Cansado
Cansado (Arabic: كانصادو) is a coastal town in north-western Mauritania on the Ras Nouadhibou peninsula.  It is located in the Nouadhibou Department in the Dakhlet Nouadhibou region.

It was built from scratch in the early 1960s for the staff administering the port and railhead for the iron ore mining company MIFERMA (Societe Anonyme des Mines de Fer de Mauritanie) as part of their iron mine development project at Zouérate.

Nearby towns and villages include Uad Guenifa (3.9 nmi (7.2 km; 4.5 mi)), La Batterie (2.1 nmi (3.9 km; 2.4 mi)), Nouadhibou (3.5 nmi (6.5 km; 4.0 mi)), Bir Gandus (54 nmi (100 km; 62 mi)), Tanoudert (59.6 nmi (110.4 km; 68.6 mi)) and Iouik (72 nmi (133 km; 83 mi)).

Ras Nouadhibou
Ras Nouadhibou (Arabic: رأس نواذيبو) is a 60-kilometre (37 mi) peninsula or headland divided by the border between Mauritania and Western Sahara on the African coast of the Atlantic Ocean. Since colonial times, it has internationally been known as Cabo Blanco in Spanish or Cap Blanc in French (both meaning "White Headland").
Linear group
In mathematics, a matrix group is a group G consisting of invertible matrices over a specified field K, with the operation of matrix multiplication. A linear group is a group that is isomorphic to a matrix group (that is, admitting a faithful, finite-dimensional representation over K).

Any finite group is linear, because it can be realized by permutation matrices using Cayley's theorem.  Among infinite groups, linear groups form an interesting and tractable class. Examples of groups that are not linear include groups which are "too big" (for example, the group of permutations of an infinite set), or which exhibit some pathological behavior (for example, finitely generated infinite torsion groups).

Permutation matrix
In mathematics, particularly in matrix theory, a permutation matrix is a square binary matrix that has exactly one entry of 1 in each row and each column with all other entries 0.: 26  An n × n permutation matrix can represent a permutation of n elements. Pre-multiplying an n-row matrix M by a permutation matrix P, forming PM, results in permuting the rows of M, while post-multiplying an n-column matrix M, forming MP, permutes the columns of M.

Every permutation matrix P is orthogonal, with its inverse equal to its transpose: .: 26   Indeed, permutation matrices can be characterized as the orthogonal matrices whose entries are all non-negative.
Shelfield
Shelfield is a historic village in the borough of Walsall in the West Midlands, England. It is conjoined by the nearby suburbs of Walsall Wood and Rushall. The name Shelfield derives from the Anglo Saxon Skelfeld for sloping ground or field.

Shelfield is mentioned in the Domesday Book as containing a hide of waste belonging to the Manor of Walsall.

Transliterating the Domesday Book Latin the entry reads: In Scelfeld est hida vasta pertinens eidem Manerio. In English: In Shelfield there is one hide of waste appertaining to the said Manor. This interpretation is further justified by a 1469 quitclaim in Walsall which records a witness named Richard Scelfelde; implying 'Scelfelde' is the ablative form of Scelfeld denoting "Richard of Shelfield." As such, we see the name Shelfield not only in Old English, but also now in Latin.

Metropolitan Borough of Walsall
The Metropolitan Borough of Walsall is a metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Walsall, but covers a larger area which also includes Aldridge, Bloxwich, Brownhills, Darlaston, Pelsall and Willenhall.

The borough had an estimated population of 254,500 in 2007.

The borough was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. It is bounded on the west by the City of Wolverhampton, the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, to the south east by the City of Birmingham, and by the Staffordshire districts of Lichfield, Cannock Chase and South Staffordshire to the east, north and northwest respectively.  Most of the borough is highly industrialised and densely populated, but areas around the north and east of the borough are open space.
Alexander of Hales
Alexander of Hales (also Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius /əˈliːsiəs/; c. 1185 – 21 August 1245)—known also as Doctor Irrefragibilis, or "Irrefutable Teacher" (so-called by Pope Alexander IV in the bull De Fontibus Paradisi), and as Theologorum Monarcha (or "King of Theologians")—was a Franciscan friar, theologian, and philosopher instrumental to the development of scholasticism.

Peter Lombard
Peter Lombard (also Peter the Lombard, Pierre Lombard or Petrus Lombardus; c. 1096 – 21/22 August 1160) was an Italian scholastic theologian, Bishop of Paris, and author of the Sentences, which became the standard medieval textbook of theology.
Laurel, Florida
Laurel is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 12,186 as of the 2020 census, up from 8,171 at the 2010 census. Laurel is part of the North Port–Bradenton–Sarasota, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

North Port, Florida
North Port is a city in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 74,793 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

It was originally developed by General Development Corporation (GDC) as the northern Sarasota County portion of its Port Charlotte development, the other portion located in the adjacent Charlotte County. GDC dubbed the city, "North Port Charlotte", and it was incorporated under that name through a special act of the Florida Legislature on June 18, 1959.  By referendum in 1974, the city's residents approved a change to its name as "North Port", dropping "Charlotte" from its name to proclaim the city as a separate identity. It is home to the Little Salt Spring, an archaeological and paleontological site owned by the University of Miami.

North Port includes Wellen Park, a master-planned community of over 7,000 acres with shopping, restaurants, distinct neighborhoods, and a vibrant downtown.