hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leicester balloon riot
The Leicester balloon riot occurred on 11 July 1864 in Victoria Park, Leicester, during a public demonstration of a new hydrogen balloon by the aeronaut Henry Tracey Coxwell. An estimated 50,000 spectators were present for the event.

Disorder broke out amid rumours that the balloon on display was neither the largest nor the newest in Coxwell's fleet, contrary to prior claims. Tensions escalated further following allegations that a woman in the crowd had been struck by a police officer. The balloon was damaged during the disturbance, prompting Coxwell to deliberately collapse the gas envelope before fleeing the scene under attack.

The balloon was subsequently destroyed by the crowd; the envelope was torn apart, and the basket was set alight. The incident resulted in significant financial loss for Coxwell, who was forced to construct a replacement. It also hindered progress in the field of scientific high-altitude ballooning.

Gas balloon
A gas balloon is a balloon that rises and floats in the air because it is filled with a gas lighter than air (such as helium or hydrogen). When not in flight, it is tethered to prevent it from flying away and is sealed at the bottom to prevent the escape of gas. A gas balloon may also be called a Charlière for its inventor, the Frenchman Jacques Charles. Today, familiar gas balloons include large blimps and small latex party balloons. For nearly 200 years, well into the 20th century, manned balloon flight utilized gas balloons before hot-air balloons became dominant. Without power, heat or fuel, untethered flights of gas balloons depended on the skill of the pilot. Gas balloons have greater lift for a given volume, so they do not need to be so large, and they can stay up for much longer than hot air balloons.
Pilar, Surigao del Norte
Pilar, officially the Municipality of Pilar (Surigaonon: Lungsod nan Pilar; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pilar), is a municipality in the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 11,135 people.

It is located on Siargao Island, bounded by the municipality of San Isidro to the north, municipality of Del Carmen to the west, municipality of Dapa to south and Philippine Sea to the east. It used to be a barrio of Dapa until its creation as a separate municipality on October 31, 1953, by virtue of Executive Order No. 638 issued by then President Elpidio Quirino. Pilar has a natural harbor through a small inlet called Port Pilar.

Del Carmen, Surigao del Norte
Del Carmen, officially the Municipality of Del Carmen (Surigaonon: Lungsod nan Del Carmen; Tagalog: Bayan ng Del Carmen), is a municipality in the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 18,392 people. The municipality was formerly called Numancia until 1966 when it was changed to its present name, after its patroness, the Virgin of Carmel. It is located on Siargao Island and home to Sayak Airport, the island's main airport.
Assicurazioni Generali
Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. (/ˌdʒɛnəˈrɑːli/ JEN-ər-AH-lee, Italian: [assikuratˈtsjoːni dʒeneˈraːli]; meaning 'general insurances') or commonly known as Generali Group is an Italian insurance company based in Trieste. As of 2022, it is the largest insurance company in Italy and ranks among the world's largest insurance companies by net premiums and assets.

Generali's major competitors at the international level are AXA, Allianz and Zurich Insurance Group.
The company is listed on the Borsa Italiana and is part of the FTSE MIB index of the same stock exchange.

Allianz
Allianz SE (/ˈæliənts/ AL-ee-ənts, German: [aˈli̯ants] ⓘ) is a German multinational financial services company headquartered in Munich, Germany. Its core businesses are insurance and asset management.

Allianz is the world's largest insurance company and the largest financial services company in Europe. In 2023, the company was ranked 37th in the Forbes Global 2000. Also it is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.

Its asset management division, which consists of PIMCO and Allianz Global Investors, has €2,432 billion of assets under management (AUM), of which €1,775 billion are third-party assets (Q1 2021).

Allianz sold Dresdner Bank to Commerzbank in November 2008. Allianz was a major supporter of the Nazi movement and was an insurer of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Salim Yusuf
Salim Yusuf OC FRSC (born 26 November 1952) is an Indian-born Canadian physician, the Marion W. Burke Chair in Cardiovascular Disease at McMaster University Medical School. He is a cardiologist and epidemiologist, and is well known for his cardiology-related clinical trial research. He also formerly served as president of the World Heart Federation. Yusuf has criticized the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and disputes the scientific consensus on dietary sodium and saturated fat intake.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Matara Electoral District (1947–1989)
Matara electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the city of Matara in Matara District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Matara electoral district was replaced by the Matara multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the proportional representation system, Matara continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.

Matara Electoral District
Matara electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Matara in the Southern province. The district currently elects 7 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 578,858 registered electors in 2010. The district is the country's Electorate Number 08.
Proveniershuis
The Proveniershuis is a hofje and former schutterij on the Grote Houtstraat in Haarlem, Netherlands.

The complex of buildings surrounds a rectangular garden taking up a city block that is on the Haarlem hofje route. Unlike hofjes that were meant for poor elderly women, the homes around this courtyard are much larger, and the garden itself is about twice the normal size. The reason is that these inhabitants were men who actually paid rent to live there, as opposed to hofje inhabitants who had no income to spend on rent. Most hofjes were for women, because they were able to run their own modest household, usually as a member of a "hofje team" in various responsible roles. Men were generally less able to take care of themselves and were thus dependent on the "preuves" in the form of simple meals and services that were paid for from rents.

Hofjes in Haarlem
Haarlem is one of the cities in the Netherlands that has a number of hofjes. Some of them are still in use with boards of regents.  Many of these are members of the Stichting Haarlemse Hofjes (Foundation Hofjes of Haarlem).  The word 'hofje' just means small garden, because the hofjes are generally small houses grouped around a community kitchen garden with a water pump.  Often they were attached to a larger field for bleaching linen or growing orchards, but today those fields have been long used for city expansion and only the central gardens can still be seen.
South Side Elevated Railroad
The South Side Elevated Railroad (originally Chicago and South Side Rapid Transit Railroad) was the first elevated rapid transit line in Chicago, Illinois. The line ran from downtown Chicago to Jackson Park, with branches to Englewood, Normal Park, Kenwood, and the Union Stock Yards. The first 3.6 miles (5.8 km) of the line opened on June 6, 1892. Much of its route is still used today as part of the Green Line of the Chicago "L" system.

East 63rd branch
The East 63rd branch, formerly known as the Jackson Park branch, is a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) long branch of the Chicago "L" operated as part the Green Line by the Chicago Transit Authority, serving the Woodlawn neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.
Erycina (plant)
Erycina is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Its species are native to Mexico, Central America, South America and Trinidad.

Erycina crista-galli (Rchb.f.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina echinata (Kunth) Lindl.

Erycina glossomystax (Rchb.f.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina hyalinobulbon (Lex.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina pumilio (Rchb.f.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina pusilla (L.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina zamorensis (Dodson) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase

Erycina pusilla
Erycina pusilla is a species of flowering plants, which is a tiny orchid with an overall size of 2.5 to 3.5 cm from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Its species are native to Mexico, Belize, Central America, South America and Trinidad.
The leaves are shaped like a lance head (lanceolate) and arranged in a fan.  Unlike other similar orchids, E. pusilla never develops lengthwise folded leaves (conduplicate leaves) or extra storage organs (pseudobulbs).

The blooming season is from fall to spring. It produces solitary light-yellow orchid-shaped flowers. In comparison to the overall plant size, these flowers can reach a relatively large size (1 to 2.5 cm). The lateral sepals are united near the flower base.

Compared to other orchids, E. pusilla has a short life cycle (about 17 months). It can reach adulthood in just one season, while the majority of the orchids reach maturity in up to 5 years.
2nd federal electoral district of Sonora
The 2nd federal electoral district of Sonora (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 02 de Sonora) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of seven such districts in the state of Sonora.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Jesús Antonio Pujol Irastorza of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Electoral regions of Mexico
The electoral regions (Spanish: circunscripciones electorales) of Mexico are geographic areas composed of various states used for the election of the 200 proportional representation legislators to the Chamber of Deputies.

The country is split into five separate regions. Each of the five regions elects 40 deputies, who are selected according to party lists in the regions. To distinguish them from those elected in the 300 single-member constituencies, they are often referred to as 
"plurinominal deputies".

In contrast, the 32 senators-at-large elected to the Senate by the principle of proportional representation are drawn from party lists covering the entire country; the electoral regions therefore play no role in Senate elections.
Panglima
Panglima (archaic form: penglima, Jawi: ڤڠليم) a military title used in Indonesia and Malaysia, and historically in the Philippines. It means 'a commander of a body of troops' deriving from lima, a long-obsolete word for 'hand'. In the past it is used to call some prominent military leaders in Malay world. The prominent Malacca and succeeding Johor Sultanates place the position of a penglima as below that of a menteri. Walter William Skeat writes that Semang tribes north of Malay Peninsula are often headed by shamans (belian) also titled pelima.

In modern times it is reserved for the chiefs of the armed forces of Indonesia and Malaysia and some other posts.

President of Indonesia
The president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of ten years in office.

The current president is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.
Charles Volderauer
Charles (Charlie) Volderauer (30 May 1871 – 6 October 1931) was a Swiss businessman. He was founder member of the club FC Basel, played various matches for them as defender, was voted into the board of directors and was the club's president for more than three years.

Swiss Football Association
The Swiss Football Association (German: Schweizerischer Fussballverband, French: Association Suisse de Football, Italian: Associazione Svizzera di Football/Calcio, Romansh: Associaziun Svizra da Ballape) is the governing body of football in Switzerland. Based in Bern, it organises the Swiss Football League and the Switzerland national football team.

It was formed in 1895, was a founder member of FIFA in 1904 and joined UEFA during its foundation year, 1954. FIFA is based in Zurich. Also UEFA is based in the Swiss city of Nyon.

ASF-SFV is the abbreviation of the associations name in three of the national languages of Switzerland. ASF stands for both French (Association Suisse de Football) and Italian (Associazione Svizzera di Football), while SFV is the German (Schweizerischer Fussballverband).- Romansh - It is abbreviated as ASB (Associaziun Svizra da Ballape).
Antilegomena
Antilegomena (from Greek ἀντιλεγόμενα) are written texts whose authenticity or value is disputed. Eusebius in his Church History (c. 325) used the term for those Christian scriptures that were "disputed", literally "spoken against", in Early Christianity before the closure of the New Testament canon.

The antilegomena were widely read in the Early Church and included the Epistle of James, the Epistle of Jude, 2 Peter, 2 and 3 John, the Book of Revelation, the Gospel of the Hebrews, the Epistle to the Hebrews, the Apocalypse of Peter, the Acts of Paul, the Shepherd of Hermas, the Epistle of Barnabas and the Didache. There was disagreement in the Early Church on whether or not the respective texts deserved canonical status.

Second Epistle of John
The Second Epistle of John is a book of the New Testament attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the other two epistles of John, and the Gospel of John (though this is disputed).  Most modern scholars believe this is not John the Apostle, but in general there is no consensus as to the identity of this person or group. (See Authorship of the Johannine works.)
2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland
The 2010 congressional elections in Maryland were held on November 2, 2010, to determine who will represent the state of Maryland in the United States House of Representatives. Maryland has eight seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 112th Congress from January 3, 2011, until January 3, 2013. The party primaries were held September 14, 2010.

As of 2024, this is the last time that Republicans won more than one congressional district in Maryland.

Montgomery County, Maryland
Montgomery County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the county's population was 1,062,061, increasing by 9.3% from 2010. The county seat is Rockville, while its most populous place is Germantown. The county is adjoined to Washington, D.C., the nation's capital, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Most of the county's residents live in Silver Spring, Bethesda, Germantown, and the incorporated cities of Rockville and Gaithersburg.

The average household income in Montgomery County is the 20th-highest among U.S. counties as of 2020.

The county has the highest percentage (29.2%) of residents over 25 years of age who hold post-graduate degrees. Like other counties in the Washington metropolitan area, the county has several U.S. government offices, scientific research and learning centers, and business campuses.
Manly Town Hall
The Manly Town Hall is a landmark civic building in Manly, a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The building is located at the junction of The Corso, Gilbert Street and Belgrave Street, opposite Manly ferry wharf. Designed in the Inter-war Stripped Classical style with Egyptian Revival style columns by Samuel Reginald Maisey, it replaced the previous town hall on the site, a Victorian Mansion built in 1879. The Town Hall was the seat of Manly Council from 1937 to 2016, when it became the site of the first meeting of the new Northern Beaches Council.

Manly ferry wharf
Manly Wharf is a heritage-listed passenger terminal wharf and recreational area located at West Esplanade and serving Manly, a Sydney suburb in the Northern Beaches Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Since the 1850s, it has served as the Manly embarkation and disembarkation point for the Manly to Sydney ferry service.

The wharf has been redeveloped a number of times since the first structure was constructed in 1856. New facilities were added in the early 20th century, and it was rebuilt in a modernist style in the early 1940s, the basic form of which remains today. The wharf was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 April 2000.

In addition to passenger services, a cargo service was also run to Manly until the 1928-opening of the Spit Bridge. Following the closure of the cargo service, an amusement park, Manly Fun Pier, was opened on the east wharf in 1931 which closed prior to the 1990 redevelopment of the wharf.
The Gloup
The Gloup (/ɡluːp/) is a collapsed sea cave in the Mull Head Nature Reserve in the islands of Orkney, Scotland.

The name derives from the Old Norse "gluppa", meaning a chasm. The cave is separated from the sea by a land bridge about 80 metres (262 ft) wide. It is approximately 40 metres (131 ft) long and 25 metres (82 ft) deep.

It is said that during the 19th and early 20th Centuries that old horses that were no longer fit to work on farms were led over the edge of The Gloup as a cheap and easy way to dispose of them.

It is on the east coast of the Deerness peninsula in the parish of St Andrews on the Orkney Mainland.

Mainland, Orkney
The Mainland, also known as Pomona, is the main island of Orkney, Scotland. Both of Orkney's burghs, Kirkwall and Stromness, lie on the island, which is also the heart of Orkney's ferry and air connections.

Seventy-five per cent of Orkney's population live on the island, which is more densely populated than the other islands of the archipelago. The lengthy history of the island's occupation has provided numerous important archaeological sites and the sandstone bedrock provides a platform for fertile farmland. There is an abundance of wildlife, especially seabirds.
One (Frankfurt)
ONE also known as Skyline Plaza 1 is a mixed-use skyscraper in the Gallus district of Frankfurt, Germany. Built between 2017 and 2022, the tower stands at 190.9 m (626 ft) tall with 49 floors and is the current 7th tallest building in Frankfurt and Germany. It is also part of the Skyline Plaza project.

Skyline Plaza (Frankfurt)
Skyline Plaza is a building complex in the western part of Frankfurt, Germany, near the trade fair premises of Messe Frankfurt. It is planned to consist of four buildings:

a shopping mall with around 180 shops and restaurants (opened on 29 August 2013) and a large spa (opening scheduled for February 2014)

a congress center for Messe Frankfurt (opening scheduled for June 2014)

a 191 m (627 ft) office tower (under construction)

Grand Tower: a 180 m (590 ft) residential tower (finished)
Königstein Railway
The Königstein Railway (Königsteiner Bahn) is a 1902 opened, single-track and non-electrified secondary railway line that connects the town of Königstein im Taunus with the city of Frankfurt am Main on the southern edge of the Taunus in the German state of Hesse.

The Regionalbahn line, which was also called the K-Bahn from 1989 to 1995, now runs from Koenigstein via Frankfurt-Höchst station as timetable route 646 to Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof.

Alstom Coradia LINT
The Alstom Coradia LINT is an articulated railcar of the Alstom Coradia family manufactured by Alstom since 1999, offered in diesel and hydrogen vehicle models.
The acronym LINT is short for the German "leichter innovativer Nahverkehrstriebwagen" (light innovative local transport rail vehicle). It was designed by Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB; acquired 1996 by Alstom) and has been distributed as part of Alstom's Coradia family.
Current-feedback operational amplifier
The current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA or CFA) is a type of electronic amplifier whose inverting input is sensitive to current, rather than to voltage as in a conventional voltage-feedback operational amplifier (VFOA or VFA). It excels in high speed and low distortion, because currents can be switched faster than voltages in bipolar junction transistor (BJT) circuits.

CFAs are usually produced with the same pin arrangements as VFAs, allowing the two types to be interchanged without rewiring when the circuit design allows. In simple configurations, such as linear amplifiers, a CFA can be used in place of a VFA with no circuit modifications, but in other cases, such as integrators, a different circuit design is required. The classic four-resistor differential amplifier configuration also works with a CFA, but the common-mode rejection ratio is poorer than that from a VFA.

Differential amplifier
A differential amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier that amplifies the difference between two input voltages but suppresses any voltage common to the two inputs. It is an analog circuit with two inputs  and  and one output , in which the output is ideally proportional to the difference between the two voltages:

where  is the gain of the amplifier.

Single amplifiers are usually implemented by either adding the appropriate feedback resistors to a standard op-amp, or with a dedicated integrated circuit containing internal feedback resistors. It is also a common sub-component of larger integrated circuits handling analog signals.