hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Andrews Golf Club
St Andrews Golf Club, originally known as St Andrews Mechanics Golf Club, is a private members' golf club located in St Andrews, Scotland. The club is one of the oldest golf clubs in the world, having been established in 1843.

The club does not own its own golf course; instead, members use the seven courses comprising St Andrews Links, who are owned by Fife Council and operated by a charitable trust. The club owns its clubhouse, adjacent to the Old Course, the most famous of the St Andrews Links. Former members of the club have won The Open Championship, including Old Tom Morris and Young Tom Morris who both won the title on four occasions each. In total 11 members have won the title with 20 victories.

The Amateur Championship
The Amateur Championship (sometimes referred to as the British Amateur or British Amateur Championship outside the UK) is a golf tournament which has been held annually in the United Kingdom since 1885 except during the two World Wars, and in 1949 and 2019  when Ireland hosted the championship. It is one of the two leading individual tournaments for amateur golfers, alongside the U.S. Amateur. It normally has the widest international representation of any individual amateur event, with 38 golf federations from all six continents represented in the 2018 championship.

Before World War II it was regarded as one of golf's major championships, but given the modern dominance of the sport by professional golfers, this is no longer the case. Two Amateur Championship winners in the post-World War II era have gone on to win professional major championships: José María Olazábal and Sergio García.
Thermonotus
Thermonotus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Thermonotus apicalis Ritsema, 1881

Thermonotus cylindricus Aurivillius, 1911

Thermonotus nigripennis Ritsema, 1896

Thermonotus nigripes Gahan, 1888

Thermonotus nigriventris Breuning, 1959

Thermonotus pasteuri Ritsema, 1890

Thermonotus ruber (Pic, 1923)

Thermonotus rufipes Breuning, 1958

Thermonotus pasteuri
Thermonotus pasteuri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Coenraad Ritsema in 1890. It is known from Sumatra. It contains the varietas Thermonotus pasteuri var. nigroapicalis.
Kakegawa Domain
Kakegawa Domain (掛川藩, Kakegawa-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.  The domain was centered at Kakegawa Castle in Tōtōmi Province, in what is now the city of Kakegawa, Shizuoka.

Suruga Province
Suruga Province (駿河国, Suruga no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [sɯꜜ.ɾɯ.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), -ɾɯ.ŋa-, sɯ.ɾɯ.ɡaꜜ-, -ɾɯ.ŋaꜜ-]) was an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka Prefecture. Suruga bordered on Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces; and was bordered by the Pacific Ocean through Suruga Bay to the south. Its abbreviated form name was Sunshū (駿州).
Dhruv Sitwala
Dhruv Sitwala (born 15 October 1972) is an Indian player of English billiards. He has reached four world finals, and twice been Asian Billiards champion.

In 2007, Sitwala reached the final of the timed version of the IBSF World Billiards Championship, losing 1488–1946 to Pankaj Advani.

In the semi-final of the 2010 World Professional Billiards Championship, Sitwala won by a single point, 980-979 against Geet Sethi. Mike Russell won his 10th World Professional Billiards Championship title after beating Sitwala 1738–1204 in the final. Sitwala was also the losing finalist in the 2016 short format World Billiards Championship, losing 6–8 to David Causier in the final.

In 2016, Sitwala won 6–2 against Bhaskar Balachandra in the final to successfully defend the Asian Billiards Championship title that he had won the previous year.

At the 2019 Pan-Am Cup in Winnipeg, Peter Gilchrist beat Sitwala 1500-507 in the final.

Sitwala's highest break break in competition is 654.

Pankaj Advani (billiards player)
Pankaj Arjan Advani (born 24 July 1985) is an Indian billiards and professional snooker player. He is a 27-time International Billiards and Snooker Federation (IBSF) world champion. He has won 20 billiards world titles, the IBSF World Billiards Championship on 17 occasions and the World Team Billiards Championship once. In snooker, he won the IBSF World Snooker Championship three times, IBSF World six-red championship twice and the IBSF World Team Cup and IBSF World Team Championship one time each. He has the record number of IBSF world championships. He became a snooker professional in 2012/2013.

In recognition of his achievements, the Government of India has bestowed several awards upon Advani: the Arjuna Award in 2004, Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 2006, Padma Shri in 2009 and Padma Bhushan in 2018.
Central Telegraph (newspaper)
The Central Telegraph was a newspaper based in Biloela, Queensland, providing local news coverage for communities located within the Banana Shire in Central Queensland, Australia from 1932 to 2020.

The newspaper was owned by News Corp Australia and was issued each Friday.

Founded by English immigrant Frank Heaton, the first edition of the Central Telegraph was published in January 1932.

In May 2020, it was announced by News Corp that the Central Telegraph would be ceasing publication.   News Corp also announced the Central Telegraph would not moving to an exclusively online format, unlike other local Central Queensland newspapers such as the Central Queensland News, The Observer and The Morning Bulletin, all of which would continue providing local news on their respective websites.

The final edition of the Central Telegraph was published on 26 June 2020.

Central Queensland News
The Central Queensland News is an online newspaper located in Emerald, Queensland, Australia.

From 1937 to 2020, the CQ News was published as a print edition, providing coverage of local news and events from the Central Highlands and Isaac regions of Central Queensland.  Following the cessation of the print edition in June 2020, the newspaper has continued to provide news for these regions on its website.

The Central Queensland News is owned by News Corp Australia.
Glacial series
The glacial series refers to a particular sequence of landforms in Central Europe that were formed during the Pleistocene glaciation beneath the ice sheets, along their margins and on their forelands during each glacial advance.

Terminal moraine
A terminal moraine, also called an end moraine, is a type of moraine that forms at the terminal (edge) of a glacier, marking its maximum advance. At this point, debris that has accumulated by plucking and abrasion, has been pushed by the front edge of the ice, is driven no further and instead is deposited in an unsorted pile of sediment. Because the glacier acts very much like a conveyor belt, the longer it stays in one place, the greater the amount of material that will be deposited. The moraine is left as the marking point of the terminal extent of the ice.
1976 Illinois gubernatorial election
The 1976 Illinois gubernatorial election was held in Illinois on November 2, 1976. Incumbent first-term Democratic governor Dan Walker lost renomination to Illinois Secretary of State Michael Howlett, who was an ally of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley. Howlett then lost the general election to Republican nominee James R. Thompson. This election was the first of seven consecutive Republican gubernatorial victories in Illinois, a streak not broken until the election of Democrat Rod Blagojevich in 2002.
This election is the most recent time an Illinois gubernatorial election was held concurrently with a presidential election. Thompson's margin of victory was the largest in well over a century, after the elections of 1818 and 1848.

1848 Illinois gubernatorial election
The 1848 Illinois gubernatorial election was the ninth election for this office.  Democratic governor Augustus C. French was easily re-elected. This was the first gubernatorial election in Illinois that was held on the same date as the United States presidential election.

This was the first election in which any governor was elected to a second term.  The Illinois Constitution of 1818, which had been replaced this same year, prohibited more than one consecutive term as governor, and Thomas Duncan was the only governor ever to attempt a second term, though it was not consecutive.

At this time in Illinois history the Lieutenant Governor was elected on a separate ballot from the governor. This would remain so until the 1970 constitution.
Dominions of Sweden
The Dominions of Sweden or Svenska besittningar ("Swedish possessions") were territories that historically came under control of the Swedish Crown, but never became fully integrated with Sweden. This generally meant that they were ruled by Governors-General under the Swedish monarch, but within certain limits retained their own established political systems, essentially their diets. Finland was not a dominion, but a land of Sweden. The dominions had no representation in the Swedish Riksdag as stipulated by the 1634 Instrument of Government paragraph 46: "No one, who is not living inside the separate and old borders of Sweden and Finland, have anything to say at Riksdags and other meetings..."

Treaty of Brömsebro (1645)
The Treaty of Brömsebro (or the Peace of Brömsebro) was signed on 13 August 1645, and ended the Torstenson War, a local conflict that began in 1643 (and was part of the larger Thirty Years' War) between Sweden and Denmark–Norway. Negotiations for the treaty began in February the same year.
Ities railway station
Ities railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Ιτιές, romanized: Sidirodromikos Stathmos Iteon) is a railway station on Iteon Road in Patras, Peloponnese, Greece. The station is on the former Patras–Kyparissia line and is served by Proastiakos Patras Services.

Hellenic Train
Hellenic Train S.A., formerly TrainOSE S.A. (Greek: ΤραινΟΣΕ Α.Ε.), is a private railway company in Greece which operates passenger and freight trains on OSE lines. Hellenic Train employs train crews, operators and manages most of the rail services throughout the Greek railway network, leasing rolling stock owned by GAIAOSE except for ETR 470 trains.

The company was a subsidiary of the Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) until 2008, when it became an independent state-owned company until its privatisation in 2017. 
TrainOSE was acquired in September 2017 by the Italian national railway company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. In 2022 the company rebranded as Hellenic Train.
1998 Pepsi 400 presented by DeVilbiss
The 1998 Pepsi 400 presented by DeVilbiss was the 21st stock car race of the 1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, August 16, 1998, in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Within the closing laps of the race, Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon was able to take the lead with ten to go to take his 37th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory, his eighth of the season, and his fourth consecutive victory up to that point. To fill out the podium, Joe Gibbs Racing driver Bobby Labonte and Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would finish second and third, respectively.

NASCAR Cup Series at Michigan International Speedway
Stock car races events in the NASCAR Cup Series have been held annually at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan since 1969.

A second race at the track was also held until 2020; prior to 2021, the only other season where only one race was held at the track was in 1973.
2026 PEI Men's Curling Championship
The 2026 PEI Men's Curling Championship, the men's provincial curling championship for Prince Edward Island, was held from January 2 to 5 at the Montague Curling Club in Montague, Prince Edward Island. The winning Tyler Smith rink will represent Prince Edward Island at the 2026 Montana's Brier in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The event was held in conjunction with the 2026 PEI Women's Curling Championship.

Team Tyler Smith won the event with just three players as regular second Christopher Gallant was unavailable due to work commitments.

Montague, Prince Edward Island
Montague is a community within the Town of Three Rivers in Kings County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Previously incorporated as a town, it amalgamated with the Town of Georgetown, the rural municipalities of Brudenell, Cardigan, Lorne Valley, Lower Montague, and Valleyfield, and portions of three adjacent unincorporated areas in September 2018 to form the Town of Three Rivers.

Montague is the largest population centre in the county and straddles the Montague River which is the dividing line between the townships of Lot 52 and Lot 59. The community functions as a regional service centre for the eastern end of the province, supporting two supermarkets, three hardware stores, a number of independent businesses, and several fast food restaurants, banks, and car dealerships.
2020 World Grand Prix (2020–21 season)
The 2020 World Grand Prix (officially the 2020 Matchroom World Grand Prix) was a professional snooker tournament, that took place from 14 to 20 December 2020 at the Marshall Arena in Milton Keynes, England. Although the tournament was not sponsored by Cazoo, it was the first of three tournaments that form the Cazoo Cup.

Neil Robertson was the defending champion, having won the previous final 10–8 against Graeme Dott. However, Robertson lost 2–4 to Robert Milkins in the first round.

Judd Trump won the tournament for the third time, beating Jack Lisowski 10–7 to claim his 20th ranking title.

Players Series
The Players Series is a ranking bonus competition for players who have earned the most money in professional snooker tournaments within the season, first established in 2019. Unlike traditional ranking events, qualification is based on results from the single-season list, rather than by world rankings.

The series includes the pre-existing World Grand Prix and Players Championship with the addition of the Tour Championship.The number of competitors for each event decreases, with 32 players participating in the Grand Prix, 16 in the Players and 12 in the Tour Championship.
2017 Heilbronner Neckarcup
The 2017 Heilbronner Neckarcup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Heilbronn, Germany between 15 and 21 May 2017.

Heilbronner Neckarcup
The Neckarcup 2.0 is a tennis tournament held in Bad Rappenau, Germany. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts. It was the first tournament to debut Electronic Live Calling (ELC) on clay in 2024. It was previously held in Heilbronn from 2014 until 2024.

Filip Krajinović is the singles record holder with two titles won.
Ein al-Asad
Ein al-Asad (Arabic: عين الأسد "the lion's spring", Hebrew: עין אל-אסד) is a Druze village in northern Israel. Located near Maghar in the Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Merom HaGalil Regional Council. As of 2022 it had a population of 920.

Maghar, Israel
Maghar (Arabic: المغار; Hebrew: מע'אר) also al-Maghar or Mghar, is a city of mixed population of Muslims, Christians, and Druze in the Northern District of Israel, with an area of 19,810 dunams. Maghar was given the status of a local council in 1956, and of a city in 2021. In 2023 it had a population of 23,184. Its population consists of 56.9% Druze, 21.8% Muslims, and 21.3% Christians.
Jack Lahne
Jack Daniel Kalichi Lahne (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjakː ˈlɑ̂ːnɛ]; born 24 October 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as striker for 2. Liga club Austria Lustenau. A former youth international for Sweden, he plays for the Zambia national team.

IFK Norrköping
Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna Norrköping, more commonly known as IFK Norrköping or simply Norrköping, is a Swedish professional football club based in Norrköping. The club is affiliated to Östergötlands Fotbollförbund and play their home games at PlatinumCars Arena. The club colours, reflected in their crest and kit, are white and blue. Formed on 29 May 1897, the club have won thirteen national championship titles and six national cup titles.

The club plays in the highest Swedish tier, Allsvenskan, which they first won in 1943. IFK Norrköping were most successful during the 1940s, when they won five Swedish championships and two Svenska Cupen titles under the Hungarian coach Lajos Czeizler and with players like Gunnar Nordahl and Nils Liedholm.

IFK Norrköping won the 2015 Allsvenskan, their first win since 1989, which also gave them a spot in the second qualification round of 2016–17 UEFA Champions League.
RAF Strubby
Royal Air Force Strubby or more simply RAF Strubby is a former Royal Air Force station 2.9 miles (4.7 km) north of Alford, Lincolnshire, and 8.6 miles (13.8 km) south east of Louth, Lincolnshire, England.

RAF College of Air Warfare
The RAF College of Air Warfare is a former Royal Air Force flying training unit operational between 1962 and 1974. The unit traces its history back to 1942 as the Empire Central Flying School.

The School of Refresher Flying was formed here on 1 July 1962 at Manby.
Shkodran Mustafi
Shkodran Mustafi (German pronunciation: [ˈʃkoːdʁan mʊsˈtafiː]; born 17 April 1992) is a German former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

Mustafi began his career in the youth ranks of Hamburger SV and English club Everton, where he made one substitute appearance for them before leaving to Sampdoria in January 2012. He signed a five-year deal at Valencia in August 2014, and moved to Arsenal for a reported £35 million two years later. He played 151 games for Arsenal. He later returned to the Bundesliga with Schalke 04 and La Liga with Levante.

Mustafi made his full international debut against Poland on 13 May 2014, and was part of the German teams that won the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup, also competing at UEFA Euro 2016.

German Football Association
The German Football Association (German: Deutscher Fußball-Bund [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈfuːsbalˌbʊnt]; DFB [ˌdeːʔɛfˈbeː] ⓘ) is the governing body of football, futsal, and beach soccer in Germany. A founding member of both FIFA and UEFA, the DFB has jurisdiction for the German football league system and is in charge of the men's and women's national teams. The DFB headquarters are in Frankfurt am Main. Sole members of the DFB are the German Football League (German: Deutsche Fußball Liga; DFL), organising the professional Bundesliga and the 2. Bundesliga, along with five regional and 21 state associations, organising the semi-professional and amateur levels. The 21 state associations of the DFB have a combined number of 23,868 clubs with little more than 8 million members, making the DFB the single largest sports federation in the world.
Plantesamfund
Plantesamfund - Grundtræk af den økologiske Plantegeografi, published in Danish in 1895 by Eugen Warming, and in English in 1909 as Oecology of Plants: An Introduction to the Study of Plant Communities, by Warming and Martin Vahl, was the first book to be published having the word ecology in its title. The book has had a lasting impact on the field of ecology, particularly in its German translation soon after its initial publication, and in its expanded and revised English translation.

The book was based on Warming's lectures on plant geography at the University of Copenhagen. It gives an introduction to all major biomes of the world. Its aim was to explain how nature solved similar problems (drought, flooding, cold, salt, herbivory) in similar way, despite using very different raw material (species of different descent) in different regions of the world.

Warming, E. (1895) Plantesamfund - Grundtræk af den økologiske Plantegeografi. P.G. Philipsens Forlag, Kjøbenhavn. 335 pp.

Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper
Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper (12 May 1856 – 9 September 1901) was a German botanist and phytogeographer who made major contributions in the fields of histology, ecology and plant geography. He travelled to South East Asia and the Caribbean as part of the 1899 deep-sea expedition. He coined the terms tropical rainforest and sclerophyll and is commemorated in numerous specific names.
Mikveh
A mikveh (pronounced [/ˈmik.ve/]; Hebrew: מִקְוֶא, romanized: miqveʾ, lit. 'a gathering [of water]'; pl. mikve'ot or mikvot) or mikvah (IPA: [/miqˈwaː/]) is a bath used during ritual immersion in Judaism to achieve ritual purity.

In Orthodox Judaism, these regulations are steadfastly adhered to; consequently, the mikveh is central to an Orthodox Jewish community. Conservative Judaism also formally holds to the regulations. The existence of a mikveh is considered so important that, according to Halakha, a Jewish community is required to construct a kosher mikveh even before building a synagogue, and must go to the extreme of selling Torah scrolls, or even a synagogue if necessary, to provide funding for its construction.

Torah scroll
A Torah scroll (Hebrew: סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה, romanized: Sefer Torah, lit. 'Book of Torah'; pl. סִפְרֵי תוֹרָה, Sifrei Torah) is a handwritten copy of the Torah, meaning the five books of Moses (the first books of the Hebrew Bible). The Torah scroll is mainly used in the ritual of Torah reading during Jewish prayers. At other times, it is stored in the holiest spot within a synagogue, the Torah ark, which is usually an ornate curtained-off cabinet or section of the synagogue built along the wall that most closely faces Jerusalem, the direction Jews face when praying.

The text of the Torah is also commonly printed and bound in book form for non-ritual functions, called a Chumash (plural Chumashim; "five-part", for the five books of Moses), and is often accompanied by commentaries or translations.
Corruption in Singapore
Corruption in Singapore is mostly contained. The Republic of Singapore is generally perceived as one of the least corrupt countries in the world. Cases are mostly handled by the Singapore Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB), a government agency in Singapore that investigates and prosecutes corruption in the public and private sectors. According to a Transparency International survey, an overwhelming majority of people in Singapore view cases of corruption by public officials or institutions as an extremely rare occurrence. In 2025, Singapore's public sector was ranked by Transparency International as the third least corrupt in the world and the most transparent in Asia.

Ministry of National Development (Singapore)
The Ministry of National Development (MND; Malay: Kementerian Pembangunan Negara; Chinese: 国家发展部; Tamil: தேசிய வளர்ச்சி அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the land-use planning and infrastructure development in Singapore.
3C 300
3C 300 is a radio galaxy located in the constellation of Boötes. The redshift of the object is (z) 0.270 and it was first discovered as a radio source in 1959. It was subsequently identified with a galaxy counterpart in June 1966 and designated as 4C 19.46 by the Fourth Cambridge Survey in 1968.

Boötes
Boötes (/boʊˈoʊtiːz/ boh-OH-teez) is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere. The name comes from Latin: Boōtēs, which comes from Ancient Greek: Βοώτης, romanized: Boṓtēs 'herdsman' or 'plowman' (literally, 'ox-driver'; from βοῦς boûs 'cow').

One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Boötes is now one of the 88 modern constellations. It contains the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, the orange giant Arcturus. Epsilon Boötis, or Izar, is a colourful multiple star popular with amateur astronomers. Boötes is home to many other bright stars, including eight above the fourth magnitude and an additional 21 above the fifth magnitude, making a total of 29 stars easily visible to the naked eye.