hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cytocompatibility
Cytocompatibility refers to the ability of a material, surface, or substance to support cellular activity and viability without causing cytotoxic effects. It is a fundamental concept in biomaterials science, particularly in the development of medical devices, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and cell encapsulation technologies.

Cell encapsulation
Cell encapsulation is a possible solution to graft rejection in tissue engineering applications.  Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane. It permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins.  At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells, regarding them as foreign invaders. On the other hand, single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE) involves the formation of nanometric shells around individual living cells.

Cell encapsulation could reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.
Ghandy
Ghandy is a Parsi, Zoroastrian surname. Notable people in India with the surname include:

Anuradha Ghandy (1954–2008), Indian communist, writer, and revolutionary leader

Jeahangir Ghandy (1896–1972), Indian businessperson

Kekoo Gandhy (1920–2012), Indian art gallery owner, founded Gallery Chemould in Mumbai, 1963

Kobad Ghandy (born 1951), Indian communist and Maoist leader

Feroze Jehangir Ghandy, also known as Feroze Gandhi (1912–1960), Indian politician and journalist

Jehangir Ghandy
Sir Jehangir Ghandy CIE, Assoc. CStJ (18 November 1896 – 17 April 1972) was an Indian businessperson who is credited with building Tata Steel at Jamshedpur. He was awarded Padma Bhushan in 1958. Invested as a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1941, he was Knighted in 1945. He was made an Honorary Lt. Col. in the Territorial Army in 1952 and an Honorary colonel in April 1957. In 1964, Columbia University conferred on him the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Graduate School of Business.
Shire of Stanthorpe
The Shire of Stanthorpe was a local government area of Queensland, Australia on the Queensland-New South Wales border. It was on the Great Dividing Range and was part of the Granite Belt. Its main industries included fruit and vegetable growing, wineries and tourism, and sheep and cattle grazing.

The Shire, administered from the town of Stanthorpe, covered an area of 2,697.6 square kilometres (1,041.5 sq mi), and existed from 1879 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shire of Warwick to become the Southern Downs Region. Its final mayor was Glen Rogers.

Passchendaele, Queensland
Passchendaele is a rural locality in the Southern Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Passchendaele had a population of 42 people.

The undeveloped town of Messines is located within the locality (28°34′00″S 151°49′00″E﻿ / ﻿28.5667°S 151.8167°E﻿ / -28.5667; 151.8167﻿ (Messines, Queensland)).

Passchendaele's postcode is 4380.
Serkan Yıldık
Serkan Yıldık  (born 23 September 1982) is a Turkish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He formerly played for Erzurumspor, Erzincanspor, Gaziosmanpaşaspor and Göztepe. Yıldık appeared in seven Süper Lig matches for Erzurumspor between 1998 and 2001.

Erzurumspor
Erzurumspor was a sports club located in Erzurum, Turkey. The football club played in the Turkish Regional Amateur League. The club also played in Turkish First League between 1998 and 2001. It fell into money shortage since 2000 and gradually fell into Second League Category A in 2001 and Second league Category B in 2003. It was finally forced to relegate TFF Third League after  not playing an away match at Karsspor on January 31, 2010. Erzurumspor were also relegated from Third League and was dissolved in 2015 and replaced with Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyespor, which was founded in 1967. Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyespor was the champion of the 1st Group of Regional Amateur League in 2010–11 season and promoted to the 3rd League.
William Hooper (chemist)
William Hooper (1817 or 1818 – 25 September 1877) was a British chemist.

Hooper set up a factory in 1845 at the old Mitcham Workhouse, on Mitcham Common. His first products were rubber goods, mostly for the medical profession. Experiments were carried out for insulating electric cables using rubber, and he devised a continuous manufacturing process for this.  Hooper established Hooper's Telegraph Works, a limited company based in London's Millwall Docks with a factory on Mitcham Common. The company went into liquidation in 1877, with Hooper dying a year later at the age of sixty.

Mitcham Common
Mitcham Common is 182 hectares (460 acres) of common land situated in south London.  It is predominantly in the London borough of Merton, with parts straddling the borders of Croydon and Sutton. It is designated a Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation.
Sinocyamodus
Sinocyamodus is an extinct genus of placodont reptile from the Late Triassic (Tuvalian) Xiaowa Formation of China. Only one species, Sinocyamodus xinpuensis, is currently assigned to this genus. This genus was the first placodont to be discovered in the eastern Tethys, overthrowing traditional views that the group was restricted to the western Tethys.

The first adult specimen of this genus was reported in 2018, and showed a number of morphological differences with previously discovered sub-adult material indicating developmental changes with age.

Xiaowa Formation
The Xiaowa Formation is a Carnian-age geological formation found in southern China. It is a sequence of limestone and marls from the Carnian stage of the Triassic. Its lower section was previously known as the Wayao Formation or Wayao Member of the Falang Formation (a nomenclature still used by some authors). In 2002, the Wayao Member was renamed and raised to the Xiaowa Formation to prevent confusion with an Eocene unit of the same name. Crinoids and marine reptiles are abundant in the Xiaowa Formation, forming a lagerstätte known as the Guanling biota. Ammonoids and conodonts found in the formation constrain its age to the early Carnian. Reptiles of the Guanling biota include ichthyosaurs, thalattosaurs, placodonts, and Odontochelys (an early relative of turtles). Sedimentary events within this formation have been tied to the Carnian Pluvial Event.
Millinocket Lake (Penobscot River)
Millinocket Lake is 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Millinocket, Maine, United States, and is drained by Millinocket Stream, which flows through the town of Millinocket into the West Branch Penobscot River 2 miles (3.2 km) south of town. The lake is fed by Sandy Stream, which drains the southeastern slopes of Mount Katahdin by tributaries including Roaring Brook, Avalanche Brook, Spring Brook, Beaver Brook, and Rum Brook. Sandy Stream is a good spawning habitat for rainbow smelt, which are a primary prey for lake trout and land-locked Atlantic salmon living in the lake.

Millinocket, Maine
Millinocket is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,114 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name.

Millinocket's economy has historically been centered on forest products and recreation, but the paper company closed in 2008.
Oleksandr Tkachenko (journalist)
Oleksandr Vladyslavovych Tkachenko (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Владисла́вович Ткаче́нко; born 22 January 1966) is a Ukrainian journalist, CEO, and politician. He served as Ukraine's Minister of Culture and Information Policy from 4 June 2020 to 27 July 2023. Prior to his Ministership, Tkachenko was a Ukrainian media manager, journalist, producer and the long-term CEO of the 1+1 Media Group.

Tkachenko won a parliamentary seat in the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election with the party Servant of the People.

1+1 (TV channel)
1+1 (Ukrainian: один плюс один, romanized: odyn plius odyn) is a national Ukrainian language TV channel owned by 1+1 Media Group. It has the second-largest geographic reach of any channel in Ukraine, covering 95% of Ukraine's territory.

Since 1 December 2022, the original 1+1 channel is branded as 1+1 Marafon relaying United News. The rest of its output was spun-off to an emergency channel, 1+1 Ukraine, which started broadcasting on 24 December 2022.
Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service
Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service (WFPS) provides fire and EMS services to the City of Winnipeg, Manitoba. It operates from 27 fire stations, and 3 administration offices across the city.

WFPS has two equally important divisions: the Winnipeg Fire Department (WFD) and Winnipeg Emergency Medical Services (WEMS), using a centralized dispatch system.

Emergency medical services in Canada
Emergency medical services in Canada are the responsibility of each Canadian province or territory.  The services, including both ambulance and paramedic services, may be provided directly by the province, contracted to a private provider, or delegated to local governments, which may, in turn, create service delivery arrangements with municipal departments, hospitals, or private providers.  The approach, and the standards, vary considerably between provinces and territories.
Superstruct
Superstruct is an alternate reality game (ARG) created for the purpose of calling attention to, and to spark interest in preparing the world for catastrophic events. Superstruct is the world's first massively multiplayer forecasting game. The primary creative vision behind Superstruct is Jane McGonigal, along with the Institute for the Future (IFTF) who have created similar games in line with Superstruct. The game was launched on Oct 6, 2008 and it lasted for 6 weeks.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Garry Schofield
Garry Edward Schofield OBE (born 1 July 1965) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s, and is a member of the British Rugby League Hall of Fame.

At the time of his retirement he was the most-capped Great Britain player of all time along with Mick Sullivan, with 46 appearances. He also won three England caps. He won the 1990 Rugby League World Golden Boot Award as the greatest player on the planet, largely due to his exceptional performances in Great Britain's backs-against-the-wall Test-series win in New Zealand and his remarkable display as Great Britain beat Australia at Wembley 19–12. The award to Schofield was made retrospectively in 2011 by Rugby League World magazine.

Amco Cup
The Amco Cup (subsequently known by various other sponsors' names including the Tooth Cup, KB Cup, National Panasonic Cup and Panasonic Cup) was a mid-week rugby league competition held in Australia between 1974 and 1989. The format was usually a straight knock-out, but various group formats were used between 1979 and 1982. It aired on Channel Ten with Ray Warren and Keith Barnes the commentators for many years. The concept was created by Colin McLennan.
HMS Dolphin (1801)
HMS Dolphin was 10-gun cutter that served the Royal Navy from 1793 to 1802, first as a hired armed cutter, and then after the Navy purchased her, as HMS Dolphin. During her almost decade of service Dolphin patrolled the English Channel protecting British trade by capturing French privateers and recapturing their prizes.

Hired armed vessels
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Royal Navy made use of a large number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Royal Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.
IDempiere
iDempiere. Community Powered Enterprise, also known as OSGi + ADempiere, is an open source enterprise resource planning (ERP) software that is fully navigable on PCs, tablets and smartphones, it also has customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM) functions.

It is in contrast to proprietary or most other open source ERP solutions driven only by a community of supporters.

Apache Tomcat
Apache Tomcat (called "Tomcat" for short) is a free and open-source implementation of the Jakarta EE Servlet, Pages, Expression Language, WebSocket, Annotations and Authentication technologies. It provides a "pure Java" HTTP web server environment in which Java code can also run. Thus it is a Java web application server, although not a full Jakarta EE application server.

Tomcat is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation, released under the Apache License 2.0 license.
Mycena citricolor
Mycena citricolor is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the family Mycenaceae. It is a plant pathogen producing leaf spots on coffee plants. This fungus causes the disease commonly known as American Leaf Spot. Mycena citricolor affects coffee plants, primarily in Latin America, but can grow on other plants as well. This fungus can grow on all parts of the coffee plant including the leaves, stems and fruits. When grown on the leaves, Mycena citricolor results in leaves with holes that often fall from the plant.

Leaf spot
A leaf spot is a limited, discoloured, diseased area of a leaf that is caused by fungal, bacterial or viral plant diseases, or by injuries from nematodes, insects, environmental factors, toxicity or herbicides. These discoloured spots or lesions often have a centre of necrosis (cell death). Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves.
Lim Cheng Choo
Lim Cheng Choo (Chinese: 林清注; pinyin: Lín Qīngzhù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Chheng-chù; 15 March 1905 – 31 December 1993) was a prominent Bruneian aristocrat, politician, and business leader. He served as a member of the Privy Council and was a key signatory of the 1959 Constitution of Brunei. As the first president of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce (CCC) in 1947, he was instrumental in uniting and advancing the interests of the Chinese business community. A staunch advocate for education, he was the longest-serving board member of Chung Hwa Middle School, Bandar Seri Begawan (CHMS, BSB), dedicating over five decades to its development and spearheading major fundraising initiatives. His contributions extended to fostering cultural harmony and promoting agricultural development, reflecting his broader vision for Brunei's progress.

Privy Council (Brunei)
The Privy Council (Malay: Majlis Mesyuarat Diraja) is a formal body of advisers to the monarch of Brunei.  When His Majesty appoints people to posts with traditional ranks, titles, and honours, the council provides advice.
Boukanere
Boukanere, also known as Boucanèrè and Boucanärä, is a town in the Nikki arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 6,257.

9°59′59″N 3°16′58″E﻿ / ﻿09.999722°N 03.282777°E﻿ / 09.999722; 03.282777

Borgou Department
Borgou [bɔʁ.ɡu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria and the departments of Alibori, Atakora, Collines and Donga. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The department of Borgou was bifurcated in 1999, with its northern territory transferred to the newly created Alibori Department.

According to the 2013 census, the total population of the department was 1,214,249, with 607,013 males and 607,236 females. The proportion of women was 50.00%. The total rural population was 56.40%, while the urban population was 43.60%. The total labour force in the department was 271,652, of which 25.20% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 64.30%.
(R)-1-Aminoindane
(R)-1-Aminoindane ((R)-1-AI; developmental code name TVP-136 or TV-136), or (R)-1-aminoindan, is the major metabolite of the selective MAO-B inhibitor and antiparkinsonian agent rasagiline ((R)-N-propargyl-1-aminoindane). In contrast to rasagiline, it lacks significant monoamine oxidase inhibition. In addition, unlike selegiline and its amphetamine metabolites, it lacks monoamine reuptake-inhibiting and -releasing activities and associated amphetamine-like psychostimulant effects. However, (R)-1-aminoindane retains neuroprotective effects and certain other activities.

Norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent
A norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of norepinephrine (and epinephrine) and dopamine in the body and/or brain. Many of these are amphetamine-type stimulants.
Indian aurochs
The Indian aurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus) is an extinct subspecies of aurochs that inhabited West Asia and the Indian subcontinent from the Late Pleistocene until its eventual extinction during the South Asian Stone Age. With no remains younger than 3,800 YBP ever recovered, the Indian aurochs was the first of the three aurochs subspecies to become extinct; the Eurasian aurochs (B. p. primigenius) and the North African aurochs (B. p. mauritanicus)  persevered longer, with the latter being known to the Roman Empire, and the former surviving until the mid-17th century in Central Europe.

Two breeds/subspecies of domestic cattle (Bos taurus), the sanga (B. t. africanus) and the zebu (B. indicus), can trace their genetic heritage directly to the Indian aurochs.

Bengal tiger
The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies. It ranks among the largest of wild cats. It is distributed from India, southern Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan to Southwestern China. Its historical range extended to the Indus Basin until the early 19th century, and it is thought to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistocene about 12,000 to 16,500 years ago. It is threatened by poaching, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation.

As of 2022, the Bengal tiger population was estimated at 3,167–3,682 individuals in India, 316–355 individuals in Nepal, 131 individuals in Bhutan and around 125 individuals in Bangladesh. It is the national animal of India and Bangladesh.
Santa María District, Panama
Santa María District is a district (distrito) of Herrera Province in Panama. The population according to the 2000 census was 6,992. The district covers a total area of 158 km2. The capital lies at the city of Santa María.

Herrera Province
7°50′N 80°40′W﻿ / ﻿7.833°N 80.667°W﻿ / 7.833; -80.667

Herrera (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈreɾa]) is a province in Panama. Named after General Tomás Herrera, the province was founded on January 18, 1915 from a division of the Los Santos province.  The capital city of Herrera is Chitré, which is located near the province's coastline.  Herrera is bordered on the north by the provinces of Veraguas and Coclé, on the south by the province of Los Santos, on the east by Golfo de Parita and the province of Los Santos, and on the west by the province of Veraguas.
Vidanovci
Vidanovci (pronounced [ˈʋiːdanɔu̯tsi]) is a small settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) west of Ljutomer in northeastern Slovenia. The area belongs to the traditional Styria region and is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.

Ljutomer
Ljutomer (pronounced [ˈljúːtɔmɛɾ] ⓘ; German: Luttenberg) is a town in northeastern Slovenia, 40 km (25 mi) east of Maribor. It is the seat of the Municipality of Ljutomer. Traditionally it was part of the region of Styria. It is now included in the Mura Statistical Region. The economy of Ljutomer is largely based on grape farming and wine making.
Voltammetry
Voltammetry is a category of electroanalytical methods used in analytical chemistry and various industrial processes. In voltammetry, information about an analyte is obtained by measuring the current as the potential is varied. The analytical data for a voltammetric experiment comes in the form of a voltammogram, which plots the current produced by the analyte versus the potential of the working electrode.

Overpotential
In electrochemistry, overpotential is the potential difference (voltage) between a half-reaction's thermodynamically determined reduction potential and the potential at which the redox event is experimentally observed. The term is directly related to a cell's voltage efficiency.  In an electrolytic cell the existence of overpotential implies that the cell requires more energy than thermodynamically expected to drive a reaction. In a galvanic cell the existence of overpotential means less energy is recovered than thermodynamics predicts. In each case the extra/missing energy is lost as heat. The quantity of overpotential is specific to each cell design and varies across cells and operational conditions, even for the same reaction. Overpotential is experimentally determined by measuring the potential at which a given current density (typically small) is achieved.
Motutapu Island (Karikari Peninsula)
Motutapu Island is a small island in the Far North Region of Northland New Zealand.  It is situated within the Moturoa Islands about 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) off the Karikari Peninsula.

It is about 72 kilometres (45 mi) northwest of Kerikeri and about 73 kilometres (45 mi) southeast of Cape Reinga.

Karikari Peninsula
The Karikari Peninsula on the east coast of the far north of Northland, New Zealand, is between Rangaunu Harbour to the west, Rangaunu Bay to the north-west and Doubtless Bay to the east. It is a right-angled land mass of two relatively distinct parts. The rocky northern part, which has an east–west orientation and is approximately 17 km long, was originally an island but is now connected to the mainland by a low sandy tombolo approximately 11 km long, which has a north–south orientation.
2017 Pan American Women's Handball Championship
The 2017 Pan American Women's Handball Championship was the 14th edition of the Pan American Women's Handball Championship, held in at the Sociedad Alemana de Gimnasia de Villa Ballester, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina from 18 to 25 June 2017. It acted as American qualifying tournament for the 2017 World Women's Handball Championship.
The event was originally set to be held in Toronto, Canada but the Canadian Handball Federation withdrew, citing lack of funds.

Brazil defeated Argentina 38–20 to capture their 10th title.

2017 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2017 IHF World Women's Handball Championship, the 23rd event hosted by the International Handball Federation, was held in Germany from 1 to 17 December 2017. Germany was the only applicant for this championship. Germany was host of the World Championships in 1965 and 1997.

France won their second title after 2003, by defeating reigning champions Norway 23–21 in the final.