hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GABA analogue
A GABA analogue is a compound which is an analogue or derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) (the IUPAC of which is 4-aminobutanoic acid).

Many GABA analogues are used as drugs, especially as anticonvulsants, sedatives, and anxiolytics.

Valeric acid
Valeric acid or  pentanoic acid is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3COOH. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has an unpleasant odor.  It is found in the perennial flowering plant Valeriana officinalis, from which it gets its name. Its primary use is in the synthesis of its esters. Salts and esters of valeric acid are known as valerates or pentanoates. Volatile esters of valeric acid tend to have pleasant odors and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. Several, including ethyl valerate and pentyl valerate are used as food additives because of their fruity flavors.
Cortland, Illinois
Cortland is an incorporated town in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,398 at the 2020 Census. It was previously 4,270 at the 2010 census, up from 2,066 in 2000. Because of its status as an incorporated town, Cortland has adopted the slogan, "The Third Largest Town in Illinois". Only the towns of Cicero and Normal are larger, in terms of population.  Most municipalities in Illinois are defined as "cities" or "villages."

Cicero, Illinois
Cicero is a town in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 85,268, making it the 11th-most populous municipality in Illinois. The town is named after Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman statesman and orator. With a population more than 89% Hispanic, the town is the most Hispanic in the state of Illinois.
Quentin Tarantino Film Festival
The Quentin Tarantino Film Festival, or QT-Fest, was a semi-annual film and multimedia event held by the Austin Film Society in Austin, Texas and attended by film director Quentin Tarantino, where he screened a selection of his favorite films using prints he owns.

The Swinging Barmaids
The Swinging Barmaids is a 1975 American exploitation film about a serial killer who targets cocktail waitresses. The film was directed by Gus Trikonis, and stars Bruce Watson, Laura Hippe, William Smith, and Dyanne Thorne. It was re-released in 1980 as Eager Beavers.

William Smith later recalled "Jesus Christ, that was a wild fuckin’ movie! (Laughing) Yeah, that was kind of fun."
Barstovian
The Barstovian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 16,300,000 to 13,600,000 years BP, a period of 2.7 million years. It is usually considered to overlap the Langhian and Serravallian stages of the Middle Miocene. The Barstovian is preceded by the Hemingfordian and followed by the Clarendonian NALMA stages.

The Barstovian can be further divided into the substages of:

late Late Barstovian: Lower boundary source of the base of the Langhian (approximate)

early Late Barstovian: Base of the Langhian (approximate)

early/lower Barstovian: Upper boundary source: base of Clarendonian (approximate)

Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene, and followed by the Late Miocene.

The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition.

For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age.
Princeton Community Japanese Language School
The Princeton Community Japanese Language School (PCJLS; プリンストン日本語学校 Purinsuton Nihongo Gakkō) is a Japanese weekend school in the Princeton, New Jersey area. It holds weekend Japanese classes for Japanese citizen children abroad to the standard of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), and it also has classes for people with Japanese as a second language.

Courses are held at Bierenbaum Fisher Hall (formerly Memorial Hall) at Rider University in Lawrence Township, Mercer County. The school offices are in Princeton, except on Sundays, when the offices are at Rider University.

This is one of the Japanese weekend school systems in the New York metropolitan area.

Rider University
Rider University is a private university in Lawrence Township, New Jersey, United States. It consists of three academic units: the Norm Brodsky College of Business, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, which includes Westminster Choir College, and the College of Education and Human Services.
Rhododendron thayerianum
Rhododendron thayerianum (反边杜鹃) is a rhododendron species native to western Sichuan in China, where it grows at elevations of 2,600–3,000 m (8,500–9,800 ft). It is an evergreen shrub that grows to 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft) in height, with leathery leaves that are narrowly oblanceolate, and 9–17 × 1.5–2.5 cm in size. The flowers are white, sometimes deeply flushed pink on the outside along the petal ridges, or pink. It flowers quite late in the season, in June and July.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron (/ˌroʊdəˈdɛndrən/; pl.: rhododendra), from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon), meaning "rose", and δένδρον (déndron), meaning "tree", is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan region, but smaller numbers occur elsewhere in Asia, and in North America, Europe and Australia.

It is the national flower of Nepal, the state flower of Washington and West Virginia in the United States, the state flower of Nagaland and Himachal Pradesh in India, the provincial flower of Jeju Province in South Korea, the provincial flower of Jiangxi in China and the state tree of Sikkim and Uttarakhand in India. Most species have brightly coloured flowers which bloom from late winter through to early summer.

Azaleas make up two subgenera of Rhododendron. They are distinguished from "true" rhododendrons by having only five anthers per flower.
Daniel O. Hoye
Daniel O. "Dan" Hoye served as Los Angeles City Controller from 1937 to 1961. On January 19, 1937, after the resignation of John S. Myers, Hoye was appointed by the Los Angeles City Council to replace him. He served until 1961, when he was defeated by Charles Navarro.

John S. Myers
John S. Myers (died December 26, 1946) was an American politician who served as Los Angeles City Auditor and Los Angeles City Controller for a total of 28 years.

Meyers served as Auditor of the City of Los Angeles longer than anyone else. He succeeded William C. Mushet in 1909 and held the title of Auditor until it was changed to Controller in 1925 under the new city charter. He served in that capacity until he resigned on January 19, 1937.
Peninsula Commute
The Peninsula Commute, also known as the Southern Pacific Peninsula or just Peninsula, was the common name for commuter rail service between San Jose and San Francisco on the San Francisco Peninsula. This service ran as a private, for-profit enterprise beginning in 1863. Due to operating losses, the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP) petitioned to discontinue the service in 1977. Subsidies were provided through Caltrans in 1980 to continue service, and it was renamed Caltrain in 1985.

4-8-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-4 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and four trailing wheels on two axles. The type was first used by the Northern Pacific Railway, and initially named the Northern Pacific, but railfans and railroad employees have shortened the name since its introduction. It is most commonly known as a Northern, among various names.
Tiwwat Pattarakulvanich
Tiwwat Pattarakulvanich or Tiwat Patarakulwanij (Thai: ทิววัฒน์ ภัทรกุลวณิชย์), known under the pen name Mor, is a Thai cartoonist. He is considered as one of "today's prominent political cartoonists"  in Thailand. He works mainly for the newspapers Krungthep Turakij (Thai: กรุงเทพธุรกิจ) and Bangkok Post. His work has been distributed internationally. He was awarded an Aydin Dogan Foundation's Cartoon Competition Award 2007.

Siam Rath
Siam Rath (Thai: สยามรัฐ, RTGS: Sayam Rat, pronounced [sā.jǎːm rát]; lit.: 'Siamese State') was a Thai newspaper printed from 1950 to 2025, and since then operating as a news website.

The paper was founded on 25 June 1950, and was one of the most politically influential newspapers during the latter half of the twentieth century. It was closely associated with former prime minister Kukrit Pramoj, who was the newspaper's co-founder and, for various periods, its owner, director, editor, and columnist. The newspaper positioned itself as a "quality" paper, like the more widely circulated Matichon. Following Kukrit's death in 1995, the paper was sold to Chatchawal Kong-udom. At the time of its closure in 2025, it was the oldest and longest continuously published Thai-language daily newspaper.

Siam Rath Daily published its last issue on August 29, 2025, while its sister publication, Siam Rath Weekly had published its last issue on August 30, 2025.
Aarhus Municipality
Aarhus Municipality (Danish: Aarhus Kommune), known as Århus Municipality (Danish: Århus Kommune) until 2011, is a kommune in the Central Denmark Region, on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in central Denmark.

The municipality covers an area of 469.56 km2 (181.30 sq mi), and has a population of 373,388 as of 2025. The main town and the site of its municipal council is the city of Aarhus. Neighbouring municipalities are Syddjurs to the north, Favrskov to the northwest, Skanderborg to the southwest, and Odder to the south.

Aarhus Municipality was not merged with other municipalities in the nationwide Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007) due to its already relatively large size and population.

The municipality is part of Business Region Aarhus and of the East Jutland metropolitan area, which had a total population of 1.378 million in 2016.

1970 Danish Municipal Reform
The 1970 Danish Municipal Reform was an extensive administrative reform in Denmark which on 1 April 1970 reduced the number of Danish municipalities from 1,098 to 277 and the number of counties from 25 to 14. The reform also abolished the last legal privileges of the market towns (sing. Danish: købstad).

The 1970 reform was followed by another municipal reform in 2007, namely the Structural Reform. This reform would further reduce the number of municipalities in Denmark, and replace the counties with regions.
Division of international labor comparisons
The International Labor Comparisons Program (ILC) of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) adjusts economic statistics (with an emphasis on labor statistics) to a common conceptual framework in order to make data comparable across countries.  Its data can be used to evaluate the economic performance of one country relative to that of other countries and to assess international competitiveness.

Since 2014, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has discontinued this program, but The Conference Board continues to publish the majority of the data series.

Consumer price index
A consumer price index (CPI) is a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households. It is calculated as the weighted average price of a market basket of consumer goods and services. Changes in CPI track changes in prices over time. The items in the basket are updated periodically to reflect changes in consumer spending habits. The prices of the goods and services in the basket are collected (often monthly) from a sample of retail and service establishments. The prices are then adjusted for changes in quality or features. Changes in the CPI can be used to track inflation over time and to compare inflation rates between different countries. While the CPI is not a perfect measure of inflation or the cost of living, it is a useful tool for tracking these economic indicators. It is one of several price indices calculated by many national statistical agencies.
2025 San Francisco Giants season
The 2025 San Francisco Giants season was the 143rd season for the franchise in Major League Baseball, their 68th year in San Francisco, their 26th at Oracle Park, and the second and final season under manager Bob Melvin.

On June 15, the Giants traded for All-Star Rafael Devers from the Red Sox in exchange for Kyle Harrison, Jordan Hicks, James Tibbs III, and Jose Bello. However, the Giants could not capitalize off the momentum of the big trade, as they finished with a non-winning record for the eighth time in nine seasons. On the day after the season ended, the Giants fired manager Bob Melvin, after he posted a 161-163 record in two seasons with the team.

The San Francisco Giants drew an average home attendance of 36,121, the 7th highest of all MLB teams.

Kyle Harrison (baseball)
Kyle Christopher Harrison (born August 12, 2001) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the San Francisco Giants and Boston Red Sox. The Giants selected Harrison in the third round of the 2020 MLB draft, and he made his MLB debut with them in 2023.
Treaty of Paris between Italy and the Allied Powers
The Treaty of Paris between Italy and the Allied Powers was signed on 10 February 1947, formally ending World War II hostilities between the parties. It came into general effect on 15 September 1947.

The transfer of several territories in the eastern Adriatic that Italy had obtained following the Treaty of Rapallo in 1920 and the Treaty of Rome in 1924 was penalized, and the Free Territory of Trieste was established. A few territories were transferred to France. Italy renounced its colonial and overseas possessions, officially recognized Ethiopia and Albania as independent, and was required to pay war reparations. All Italian fascist organisations were to be banned.

Treaty of Rome (1924)
The Treaty of Rome was agreed on 27 January 1924, when Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes agreed that Fiume would be annexed to Italy as the Province of Fiume, and the town of Sušak would be part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Fiume and Sušak would have a joint administration of the port facilities. Both towns are now in the city of Rijeka, Croatia.
Yvon Cormier
Yvon Cormier (November 3, 1938 – March 4, 2009) was a Canadian professional wrestler. Competing primarily under the ring name The Beast, he and his three wrestling brothers made up the Cormier wrestling family. He wrestled in many countries but regularly returned to Canada, where he competed for the Eastern Sports Association (ESA) and the ESA-promoted International Wrestling (IW). He also competed in the Calgary, Alberta-based Stampede Wrestling for many years.

NWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship (Calgary version)
The Calgary version of the NWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship was established in 1946, and became the top championship in Stampede Wrestling when that promotion opened in 1948; it held that status until 1972, when the title was vacated and later abandoned after the last champion, Dave Ruhl, was injured.
Bisauri
Bisauri is a village of the Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh, Northern India. Bisauri's Postal Index Number is 222129 and its post office is at Patrahi. The village is also a Gram Panchayat, comprising itself and the village of Tiwaripur.

Patrahi, Jaunpur
Patrahi is a small village/market in Dobhi Block in Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh State, India. It comes under Patarahi Panchayath. It belongs to  Varanasi Division. It is located 49 km (30 mi) towards East from District headquarters Jaunpur and 288 km (179 mi) from the state capital Lucknow. The nearest town is Kerakat, while and Varanasi and Jaunpur are the nearest cities.
Ilario Di Buò
Ilario Di Buò (born 13 December 1965 in Trieste) is an archer from Italy, who was formerly ranked number one in the world.

Di Buò won a silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the team archery competition. He placed 20th in the individual competition.

Italian National Olympic Committee
The Italian National Olympic Committee (Italian: Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, CONI; IOC Code: ITA), founded in 1914 and a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), is responsible for the development and management of sports activity in Italy. Within Italy, CONI recognizes 48 national sports federations, 15 associate sports disciplines, 14 promotional sports organizations, and 19 organizations for the betterment of sports.

In total 95,000 sports clubs with 11,000,000 members are recognized. Its 2016 annual budget is 412,900,000 euros which is primarily funded by the Italian government.
Anders Paulsen
Anders Poulsen or Poala-Ánde (in Northern Sámi; died 1692), was a North Sami noaidi, who was the last victim of the many Vardø witch trials, which took place between 1621 and 1692. In Sámi form his name was Poala-Ánde.

Vardø witch trials (1662–1663)
The witch trials of Vardø were held in Vardø in Finnmark in Northern Norway in the winter of 1662–1663 and were one of the biggest in Scandinavia. Thirty women were put on trial, accused of sorcery and making pacts with the Devil. One was sentenced to a work house, two tortured to death, and eighteen were burned alive at the stake.

It was the third of the three big mass trials of Northern Norway, preceded by the Vardø witch trials (1621) and the Vardø witch trials (1651–1653), and one of the biggest witch trials in Norway. It was the peak of the witch hunt which had intensified in Northern Norway since the first mass trial in 1621. Vardø was the center of Norwegian Nordkalotten.
Printer driver
In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software on a computer that converts the data to be printed to a format that a printer can understand. The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.

Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, which queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.

PostScript
PostScript (PS) is a page description language and dynamically typed, stack-based programming language. It is most commonly used in the electronic publishing and desktop publishing realm, but as a Turing complete programming language, it can be used for many other purposes as well. PostScript was created at Adobe Systems by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton from 1982 to 1984. The most recent version, PostScript 3, was released in 1997.
2012 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament
The 2012 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament was a single-elimination tournament to determine the men's collegiate basketball national champion of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. It involved 62 teams, beginning on March 1, 2012 and concluded with the championship game on March 17, 2012, at the Salem Civic Center in Salem, Virginia.

The UW-Whitewater Warhawks won their third Division III title, defeating the Cabrini Cavaliers in the championship game by a score of 63-60.

Old Dominion Athletic Conference
The Old Dominion Athletic Conference (ODAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. Of its 14 member schools, all but one are located in Virginia; the other full member is in North Carolina. The conference also has three associate members: one in Virginia, one in North Carolina, and one in Washington, D.C. The ODAC is unique in that its membership includes co-ed colleges, women's colleges, and a men's college.
Elizabeth Punsalan
Elizabeth Punsalan or Swallow (born January 9, 1971) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With her husband Jerod Swallow, she is a five-time U.S. national champion, two-time Skate America champion, and competed twice in the Winter Olympics.

1989 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 1989 U.S. Figure Skating Championships took place at the CFG Bank Arena in Baltimore, Maryland from February 7th-12th. Medals were awarded in four colors: gold (first), silver (second), bronze (third), and pewter (fourth) in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice.

The event determined the U.S. teams for the 1989 World Championships.
Mamtesh Shakya
Mamtesh Shakya is an Indian politician and a member of the Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh in India. He represents the Patiyali constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bhartiya Janta Party political party.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
NGC 4453
NGC 4453 is a peculiar spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 12,051±24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 579.7 ± 40.6 Mly (177.74 ± 12.45 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 28 January 1784.

NGC 4453 is listed as VCC 1130 which would make it part of the Virgo cluster. However, its distance (~178 Mpc) is about 10 times farther than the distance to the cluster (~16.5 Mpc), making the galaxy too far away to be a part of it.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Chung Wan (constituency)
Chung Wan (Chinese: 中環) was one of the 15 constituencies in the Central and Western District of Hong Kong, returned one district councillor to the Central and Western District Council. The constituency was established in 1982 and abolished in 2023.

The constituency loosely covers the Central District with the estimated population of 13,351. "Chung Wan" is both the Cantonese transliteration of the Chinese name and an alternative English name for Central District.

Sheung Wan
Sheung Wan (Chinese: 上環) is an area in Hong Kong, located in the north-west of Hong Kong Island, between Central and Sai Ying Pun. Administratively, it is part of the Central and Western District. The name can be variously interpreted as Upper District (occupying relatively high ground compared to Central and Wan Chai), or Gateway District (perhaps a reference to the location where the British first entered and occupied Hong Kong).
Jeremiah 32
Jeremiah 32 is the thirty-second chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 39 in the Septuagint. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. In this chapter, Jeremiah redeems a piece of property belonging to his family and explains the significance of his act.

Alfred Rahlfs
Alfred Rahlfs (/rɑːlfs/; German: [ʀaːlfs]; 29 May 1865 – 8 April 1935) was a German Biblical scholar. He was a member of the history of religions school. He is known for his edition of the Septuagint published in 1935.