hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Housing Authority of the City of Milwaukee
The Housing Authority of the City of Milwaukee (HACM) is a municipal agency of Milwaukee, Wisconsin dedicated to providing public housing and services for residents of the city of Milwaukee. The agency was established in 1944 and is responsible to a board of commissioners appointed by the mayor.

John Norquist
John Olof Norquist (born October 22, 1949) is a retired American politician, urbanist consultant, and author.  He served as the 43rd mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, winning four terms (1988–2004).  He previously represented Milwaukee's south side in the Wisconsin State Assembly (1975–1983) and Wisconsin Senate (1983–1988).  After serving as mayor, he worked for ten years as president of the Congress for the New Urbanism.
Kalnaberžė
Kalnaberžė ('the hill of birch trees', formerly Polish: Kałnoberże, Russian: Калноберже) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 324 people. It is located between Surviliškis (6 km) and Sirutiškis (5 km), on the right bank of the Nevėžis river. At the confluence of Nevėžis and its tributary Kruostas II there is Kalnaberžė hillfort. There is library, old cemetery, former school and medicine station in the village. Kalnaberžė manor (now in ruins) is famous of being a childhood vacation place for Russian minister Pyotr Stolypin.

Surviliškis
Surviliškis is a small town in Kaunas County in central Lithuania, 18 km from Kėdainiai, on the right bank of the Nevėžis river. In 2011 it had a population of 351. There are wooden Catholic church of Jesus (built in 1791), wooden chapel in cemetery (built in 1800), wooden cross of local crossmaking master Vincas Svirskis, wayside chapel of St. Mary, school, library, medicine station. The regional road  Kėdainiai-Krekenava-Panevėžys runs through the town.
2014 NHK Trophy
The 2014 NHK Trophy was the final event of six in the 2014–15 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Namihaya Dome in Osaka on November 28–30. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2014–15 Grand Prix Final.

2014–15 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating
The 2014–15 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating is a series of senior international figure skating competitions in the 2014–15 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points based on their placement at each event and the top six in each discipline qualified to compete at the Grand Prix Final, held in Barcelona, Spain.

Organized by the International Skating Union, the Grand Prix series began in October 24 and ran until December 14, 2014. The series sets the stage for the 2015 European, Four Continents, and World Championships. The corresponding series for junior-level skaters were the 2014–15 ISU Junior Grand Prix.
Sibylle Pasche
Sibylle Pasche (born 24 August 1976 in Lucerne) is a Swiss artist and sculptor. She lives and works in Zurich (Switzerland), in Carrara (Italy) and the US. From 1996 to 2000, Pasche studied sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts of Carrara and graduated with the thesis Women – Female Sculptors: The female Sculptor in the History of Art. From 1999 to 2002, she taught at the Liceo Artistico in Zurich.

Carrara
Carrara (/kəˈrɑːrə/ kə-RAR-ə; Italian: [kaˈraːɾa]; Emilian: Carara, Emilian: [kaˈɾaːɾa]) is a town and comune in Tuscany, in northern Italy, of the province of Massa and Carrara, and notable for the white or blue-grey marble quarried there. It is on the Carrione River, some 100 kilometres (62 mi) west-northwest of Florence. Its motto is Latin: "Fortitudo mea in rota" ("My strength is in the wheel"), a reference firstly to the marble shipping industry from Roman times onwards.

During the contemporary era, the city and the surrounding region are closely linked to the history of the anarchist movement, with a significant part of its population being anarchist and many congresses being held there—one of the most notable being the Congress of Carrara (1968), which founded the International of Anarchist Federations (IAF), one of the main anarchist organizations to this day.
Havannah Channel
Havannah Channel is a marine passageway in the South Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, leading off of the north side of Johnstone Strait leading to Chatham Channel and Call Inlet, south of East Cracroft Island. Havannah Channel is entered from Johnstone Strait at the Broken Islands. Hull Island is located in the channel, to the southeast of East Cracroft and south of the opening of Call Inlet.

Johnstone Strait
The Johnstone Strait (French: Détroit de Johnstone) is a 110 km (68 mi) channel along the north east coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.  Opposite the Vancouver Island coast, running north to south, are Hanson Island, West Cracroft Island, the mainland British Columbia Coast, Hardwicke Island, West Thurlow Island and East Thurlow Island.  At that point, the strait meets the Discovery Passage which connects to the Georgia Strait.
Stonedogs
Stonedogs is the first novel by New Zealand writer Craig Marriner. It was published in 2001 and has won a Montana New Zealand Book Award. The book has been described as "a kind of A Clockwork Orange-meets-Once Were Warriors as imagined by Irvine Welsh". In 2003, the film rights were sold to Australian production company Mushroom Pictures, but no film has eventuated.

Stonedogs is structurally unusual; some text takes the form of a play with stage directions, and there are sudden shifts from narrator's voice to outside observer. Pages of inner narrative are italicised. For Marriner, "It was important to do something that would be seen as innovative in terms of structure and format, to come up with mediums which are slightly alternative to what's been done. I saw devices which hadn't been used and I couldn't see why they hadn't." Stonedogs received critical acclaim, winning the Deutz Medal for Fiction in 2002 in the Montana New Zealand Book Awards.

Once Were Warriors
Once Were Warriors is New Zealand author Alan Duff's bestselling first novel, published in 1990. It tells the story of an urban Māori family, the Hekes, and portrays the reality of domestic violence in New Zealand. It was the basis of a 1994 film of the same title, directed by Lee Tamahori and starring Rena Owen and Temuera Morrison, which made its U.S. premiere at the Hawaii International Film Festival. The novel was followed by two sequels, What Becomes of the Broken Hearted? (1996) and Jake's Long Shadow (2002).
The Tattnall Journal
The Tattnall Journal is the oldest weekly newspaper serving Tattnall County, Georgia. Established in 1879, the newspaper has been in continual publication by the Rhoden family since 1914. The newspaper, which often cites primary sources on Tattnall County history, can be found in the library at University of Georgia, categorized in an archive of Georgia newspapers. Russell J. "Russ" Rhoden (a fourth generation Rhoden) owns and operates the Tattnall Journal, which boasts a circulation of nearly 4,500 newspapers in the county.

The Tattnall Journal currently serves the communities of Reidsville, Glennville, Collins, Cobbtown and Manassas.  In 2002, The Tattnall Journal moved from its first location at 149 Folsom Street in Reidsville, Ga., to a new building at 114 North Main Street, also in Reidsville, which is located inside the IGA Shopping Center.  The current editor is Allison Cobb.

Tattnall County, Georgia
Tattnall County is a county located in the southeast portion of the U.S. state of Georgia, located within the Magnolia Midlands, a part of the Historic South region. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,842. The county seat is Reidsville. Tattnall County was created on December 5, 1801, from part of Montgomery County, Georgia by the Georgia General Assembly.

The county is named after Josiah Tattnall (1762–1803), a planter, soldier and politician.
Mesosaimia
Mesosaimia is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Mesosaimia mausoni (Breuning, 1950)

Mesosaimia robusta Breuning, 1938

Mesosaimia similis (Breuning, 1950)

Mesosaimia wakaharai Yamasako, 2014

Mesosaimia similis
Mesosaimia similis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. The species is found in Vietnam, specifically the Lang Son and Vinh Phuc Provinces. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1950.
On Air (Chris Whitley album)
On Air is the fifteenth album by singer-songwriter and guitarist Chris Whitley and his second live album. The performance is a compilation of songs from a selection of Whitley's past albums (Living with the Law (1991), Terra Incognita (1997), Dirt Floor (1998), Perfect Day (2000), Rocket House (2001), Pigs Will Fly (soundtrack) (2003), and Hotel Vast Horizon (2003)) and three new covers.

It was produced by Radio Bremen and recorded for 'Sparkasse in concert' on September 8, 2003, at Radio Bremen Sendesaal in Bremen, Germany by the Radio Bremen recording crew.

Pigs Will Fly (soundtrack)
(Music from and inspired by the film) Pigs Will Fly is the soundtrack for the German film, Pigs Will Fly (2002) directed by Eoin Moore. The soundtrack is a collaboration between musicians Warner Poland and Kai-Uwe Kohlschmidt and features singer-songwriter and guitarist, Chris Whitley.

The soundtrack was produced, recorded, and, mixed by Warner Poland and Kai-Uwe Kohlschmidt. It was recorded at Monobeat Studio in Berlin, Germany.

Additional recording was done at The Himalaya Lounge in Berlin, Germany.
United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
The United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama (in case citations, M.D. Ala.) is a United States district court in the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on February 6, 1839.

The United States Attorney's Office for the Middle District of Alabama represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of August 25, 2024 the acting United States attorney is Kevin P. Davidson.

Opelika, Alabama
Opelika (pronounced /ˌoʊpəˈlaɪkə/ OH-pə-LY-kə) is a city in and the county seat of Lee County in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is a principal city of the Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population of Opelika is 30,995, an increase of 17.1 percent from the 2010 Census where the population was 26,477. The Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA with a population of 174,241, along with the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area, comprises the Greater Columbus combined statistical area, a region home to 501,649 residents.
Sixpoint Brewery
Sixpoint Brewery is a brewery founded 2004, in Red Hook, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
The Sixpoint logo is a combination of the brewer's hexagram and the nautical star. The company's motto is Beer is Culture, a play on the cultural significance of beer and brewing, as well as the point that yeast is, in fact, a culture. Sixpoint ascribes to a "Mad Science" approach to brewing through a use of ingredients and techniques.

Red Hook, Brooklyn
Red Hook is a neighborhood in western Brooklyn, New York City, United States, within the area once known as South Brooklyn. It is located on a peninsula projecting into the Upper New York Bay and is bounded by the Gowanus Expressway and the Carroll Gardens neighborhood on the northeast, Gowanus Canal on the east, and the Upper New York Bay on the west and south. A prosperous shipping and port area in the early 20th century, the area declined in the latter part of the century. Today, it is home to the Red Hook Houses, the largest housing project in Brooklyn.

Red Hook is part of Brooklyn Community District 6, and its primary ZIP Code is 11231. It is patrolled by the 76th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, Red Hook is represented by the New York City Council's 38th District.
New England Australian Football League
The New England Australian Football League was an Australian rules football league based around the University of New England in Armidale, Australia.  It was created by UNE students in 1962 and ran until 1984, when its remaining clubs moved to the North West AFL.

One former NEAFL club, the New England Nomads, still plays today in the Tamworth AFL.  The Coffs Harbour Swans also played in the NEAFL before creating their own local competition, the North Coast AFL.

University of New England (Australia)
The University of New England (UNE) is a public university in the New England region of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1938, it was the first Australian university to be established outside of a state capital. Its main campus is located in the regional city of Armidale mid-way between Sydney and Brisbane. As of 2023, the university had approximately 22,000 students, of which 82.8% were online and 17.2% on campus.

In the 2019 Student Experience Survey, UNE recorded the sixth-highest student satisfaction rating out of all Australian universities, and the highest student satisfaction rating out of all public universities in New South Wales, with an overall satisfaction rating of 83.2. The university ranks lower in research-based rankings of Australian universities.
RaySearch Laboratories
RaySearch Laboratories (AB publ) is a Swedish medical technology company that develops software used in radiation therapy of cancer. The company markets its products worldwide and has subsidiaries in the United States, Singapore, Belgium, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

RaySearch markets the RayStation treatment planning system. Its products are also distributed through licensing agreements with medical technology companies including Accuray, Mevion, Philips, Nucletron, IBA, Varian, and Brainlab.

RaySearch is a public company listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm stock exchange. Effective on 4 January 2016, RaySearch series B share (RAY B) was moved from the Small Cap to the Mid Cap segment of Nasdaq Stockholm, which is the segment for companies with a market value of at least 150 million euros and up to one billion.

Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General or MGH) is a teaching hospital located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is the original and largest clinical education and research facility of Harvard Medical School/Harvard University, and houses the world's largest hospital-based research program with an annual research budget of more than $1.2 billion in 2021. It is the third-oldest general hospital in the United States with a patient capacity of 999 beds. Along with Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General is a founding member of Mass General Brigham, formerly known as Partners HealthCare, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts.
2012 Republican Party presidential debates and forums
A series of political debates were held prior to and during the 2012 Republican primaries, among candidates for the Republican presidential nomination in the national election of 2012. The first debate occurred on May 5, 2011, in Greenville, South Carolina, and was hosted by Fox News, while the last debate was held February 22, 2012, in Mesa, Arizona, and was hosted by CNN.

Republican Party of Iowa
The Republican Party of Iowa (RPI) is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Iowa. The State Central Committee is chaired by Jeff Kaufmann. The RPI operates the Republican side of the Iowa caucuses and previously sponsored the Iowa Straw Poll.

The RPI has rapidly gained ground in Iowa in recent years. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling all but one statewide executive office, both of the state's U.S. Senate seats, all four of its U.S. House seats, and supermajorities in both chambers of the state legislature. Its main rival is the Iowa Democratic Party.
Quinta Normal
Quinta Normal is a commune of Chile located in Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. It is named after Quinta Normal Park, which lies directly on the border between Quinta Normal and Santiago Centro, although the park itself is located within the Santiago commune.

Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region (Spanish: Región Metropolitana de Santiago) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions. It is the country's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation's capital, Santiago. Most commercial and administrative centers are located in the region, including Chile's main international airport, Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport.

With an area of 15,403.2 km2 (5,947 sq mi) and population over seven million, it is Chile's most populated and most densely populated region. It is also the most developed subdivision in all of South America with a very high HDI of 0.908.
Dubrajpur railway station
Dubrajpur railway station is a railway station of Andal–Sainthia branch line of the Asansol railway division connecting from Andal to Sainthia on the Sahibganj loop line. This is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside State Highway 7 at Dubrajpur, Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. A number of Express and Passenger trains stop at Dubrajpur railway station.

Asansol railway division
Asansol railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It was formed in 1925 and its headquarters is located in Asansol in West Bengal, India. Currently it is the highest revenue generating division of Eastern Railways.

The Howrah, Sealdah, and Malda railway divisions are the other divisions under the Eastern Railway (ER) Zone, which is headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal.
Troyeville (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Troyeville was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1958. It covered a part of the inner eastern suburbs of Johannesburg, centred on the suburb of Troyeville. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal Provincial Council
The Transvaal Provincial Council was the provincial council of the Transvaal Province in South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910, and replaced the Transvaal Legislative Assembly which had been created through self-government in 1907. The first election to the provincial council took place on 15 September 1910 (also the day of the South African general election, 1910).

The Provincial Council continued to exist until 1986, when its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Bharaj
32°40′49.3″N 74°14′10.8″E﻿ / ﻿32.680361°N 74.236333°E﻿ / 32.680361; 74.236333

Bharaj (Urdu: بھراج) is a village situated near Mangowal Sharqi in Gujrat District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is on Karianwala Road approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) from the city of Gujrat. Bharaj is an old village and is inhabited by the Gujjar caste. It has an ancient grave of "Baba Naala ( Nihal Chand)" who is believed to be the elder of all the Gujjars settled in the district. In Gujarat, there is another village named Bharaj as well.

Mangowal Sharqi
32°39′29.7″N 74°13′18.7″E﻿ / ﻿32.658250°N 74.221861°E﻿ / 32.658250; 74.221861

Mangowal Sharqi (Urdu: منگووال شرقی lit. East Mangowal) is a village situated near Jalalpur Jattan cantonment in Gujrat District of Punjab, Pakistan. It is the third-largest village in the district. The village is situated at bifurcation leading to Tanda and Karianwala.

According to local traditions, this village is about 300 years old. The history of the village is not well known.
2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix was the 25th edition of the annual women's international volleyball tournament played by 32 teams between 7 July and 6 August. The Group 1 Final Round was held in Nanjing, China.

Defending champions Brazil won their record twelfth title in the tournament after a 3–2 win over Italy. Serbia captured their third bronze medal in the competition by defeating China in a rematch of the previous year's Olympic final. Natália Pereira from Brazil was elected the MVP for the second straight year.

In the Group 2 finals held in Ostrava, Czech Republic, Poland defeated South Korea in straight sets.

Moreover, Hungary finished atop of Group 3 at their first-ever World Grand Prix participation after a 3–0 win over the home team in the final match in Canberra, Australia.

FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix was an annual women's volleyball competition created in 1993. The men's version of the competition was called World League. This event should not be confused with the other international volleyball competitions, the World Championship, the World Cup and the World Grand Champions Cup.

From 2018, the World Grand Prix was replaced by the FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League and Challenger Cup.
Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
The Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (JMBRAS) is an academic journal published by the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (MBRAS). The journal covers topics of historical interest concerning Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Labuan and Singapore. It was founded in 1877 in Singapore.

Labuan
Labuan (/ləˈbuːən/), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan (Malay: Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan), is an island federal territory of Malaysia. It includes Labuan Island and six smaller islands off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capital is Victoria, which is best known as an offshore financial centre offering international financial and business services via Labuan IBFC since 1990, as well as being an offshore support hub for deepwater oil and gas activities in the region. It is also a tourist destination for people travelling through Sabah, nearby Bruneians, and scuba divers. The name Labuan derives from the Malay word labuhan, which means "harbour".
Bellwether trial
In the law of torts, a bellwether trial is a test case intended to try a widely contested issue. Bellwether trials are an increasingly common phenomenon in U.S. legal practice.

Bellwether trials are especially common in multidistrict litigation (MDL) practice, where many cases have been consolidated for purposes of discovery and pretrial matters. In these MDL cases, it is not practical to prepare every case for trial. Several matters are, therefore, selected as bellwether cases and prepared for trial. They are then settled or tried, and the results are used to shape the process for addressing the remaining cases.

A bellwether trial is designed to achieve value ascertainment function for settlement purposes or to answer troubling causation or liability issues common to a universe of claimants. For the tried cases to achieve these purposes, it must be representative of all cases.

Causation (law)
Causation is the "causal relationship between the defendant's conduct and end result". In other words, causation provides a means of connecting conduct with a resulting effect, typically an injury. In criminal law, it is defined as the actus reus (an action) from which the specific injury or other effect arose and is combined with mens rea (a state of mind) to comprise the elements of guilt. Causation applies only where a result has been achieved and therefore is immaterial with regard to inchoate offenses.