hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prédefin V-2 radioguidance base
The Prédefin V-2 radioguidance base was a planned radioguidance base for V-2 rockets built by Nazi Germany near the village of Prédefin, approximately 16 kilometers northwest of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise in the Pas-de-Calais département of northern France. Constructed by the Organisation Todt, the site was intended to provide radio-based guidance and tracking capabilities for the nearby planned firing complexes at Watten and Helfaut-Wizernes, using the Leitstrahl ("guidance beam") concept, in coordination with the guidance bunker at Roquetoire. As the V-2 program evolved, fixed radio-guidance installations became operationally obsolete by early 1944 as the V-2 were equipped with an inertial platform and mobile firing stations developed. By early 1944, the Prédefin installation was transferred from the Wehrmacht to the Luftwaffe and repurposed as a radiolocation station within the regional air-defense network of northern France and as a support for the launch of V-1 flying bombs.

Helmut Hölzer
Helmut Hoelzer was a Nazi Germany V-2 rocket engineer who was brought to the United States under Operation Paperclip. Hoelzer was the inventor and constructor of the world's first electronic analog computer.
Waddle fan
Waddle fans, sometimes incorrectly spelled Waddell, were large centrifugal fans, used to ventilate coal mines.

They were noteworthy for their extremely large size and distinguished by an integral shroud for the fan, which makes it possible to mount them in the open air.

Underground mine ventilation
Underground mine ventilation provides a flow of air to the underground workers of a mine with sufficient volume to dilute and remove dust and noxious gases (typically NOx, SO2, methane, CO2 and CO) and to regulate temperature.  The source of these gases are equipment that runs on diesel engines, blasting with explosives, and the orebody itself. Regulations often require airflow to be distributed within mines to improve air quality.

The largest component of the operating cost for mine ventilation is electricity to power the ventilation fans, which may account for one third of a typical underground mine's entire electrical power cost.
2009 Senior Bowl
The 2009 Senior Bowl was an all-star college football exhibition game featuring players from the 2008 college football season, and prospects for the 2009 draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). It was the 60th edition of the Senior Bowl.

The game was played on January 24, 2009, at 6 p.m. local time at Ladd–Peebles Stadium in Mobile, Alabama. The South defeated the North, 35–18, and quarterback Pat White of the South team was named game's Most Valuable Player (MVP). Various players were seen to have either improved or harmed their NFL draft prospects through their play in the game and the week leading up to the competition, which was closely monitored by NFL scouts and the media.

Coverage of the event was in high-definition on the NFL Network. Clothing company Under Armour sponsored the event for the third consecutive year and provided apparel for the game.

Ladd–Peebles Stadium
Ladd–Peebles Stadium (formerly Ernest F. Ladd Memorial Stadium) is a football stadium located in Mobile, Alabama. Opened in 1948, it has a seating capacity of 33,471. It is primarily used for American football. In addition to football, the stadium is also used for concerts (maximum capacity 50,000), boxing matches, high school graduations, trade shows, and festivals. Numerous entertainers have performed at Ladd–Peebles Stadium. It is currently the home of Two HBCU Football Classics. The Gulf Coast Challenge between the Jackson State Tigers and Alabama A&M Bulldogs and Port City Classic between the Alabama State Hornets and Mississippi Valley State Delta Devils.
Marie (novel)
Marie is a 1912 novel by H. Rider Haggard featuring Allan Quatermain. The plot concerns Quatermain as a young man and involves his first marriage, to the Boer farm girl, Marie Marais. Their romance is opposed by Marie's anti-English father, and her villainous cousin Hernan Pereira, who desires Marie. They are Voortrekkers who take part in the Great Trek whom Quatermain has to rescue. Marie is the fifth novel, and the eighth story overall, in the Allan Quatermain series.

The novel describes Quatermain's involvement in the Sixth Xhosa War of 1835 and Weenen massacre. Real life people such as Piet Retief, Thomas Halstead, and the Zulu chief Dingane appear as characters. Events in Nada the Lily are frequently referred to.

Piet Retief
Pieter Retief (12 November 1780 – 6 February 1838) was a Voortrekker leader. Settling in 1814 in the frontier region of the Cape Colony, he later assumed command of punitive expeditions during the sixth Xhosa War. He became a spokesperson for the frontier farmers who voiced their discontent and wrote the Voortrekkers' declaration at their departure from the colony.

He was a leading figure during their Great Trek, and at one stage their elected governor. He proposed Natal as the final destination of their migration and selected a location for its future capital, later named Pietermaritzburg in his honour. The massacre of Retief and his delegation by the Zulu King Dingane and the extermination of several Voortrekker laagercamps in the area of the present town of Weenen led to the Battle of Blood River on the Ncome River. The short-lived Boer republic Natalia suffered from ineffective government and was eventually annexed to the British Cape Colony.
Hamletson Dohling
Hamletson Dohling is a People's Democratic Front politician from Meghalaya. He has been elected in Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election in 2018 from Mylliem constituency as candidate of People's Democratic Front. He was Minister of Municipal Administration, Urban Affairs, Information Technology and Communication in Conrad Sangma ministry from 2018.

People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)
The People's Democratic Front (PDF) was a regional political party in the Indian state of Meghalaya. The PDF was founded in 2017 and was led by P. N. Syiem and Auspicious L. Mawphlang.

It was a part of the North-East Democratic Alliance. The PDF's aim was to improve the development of the state especially of the tribal people.

In the 2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election, the PDF won 128,413 votes (8.2% of the vote) and elected 4 MLAs.

On 6 May 2023, the party merged with National People's Party.
What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited
What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited is an acoustic album by rock band the Classic Crime released on October 28, 2014 via BadChristian Music. Like their previous effort, Phoenix (2012), the album was funded through the website Kickstarter. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album one week prior to its release date.

A Kickstarter project entitled "Help The Classic Crime Make 'What Was Done: Volume One'" was created on October 15, 2013, with a funding goal of $15,000. The goal was met within the first two days of the project being posted. Crowdfunding process successfully finished on November 13, 2013, with $50,457 pledged.

Phoenix (The Classic Crime album)
Phoenix is the fourth album from rock band the Classic Crime. The album was released on August 14, 2012. Phoenix was funded through the website Kickstarter and is the first album released independently by the Classic Crime. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album two weeks prior to its release date. At the completion of its funding, Phoenix was the ninth most funded musical project on Kickstarter.
Christopher Ondaatje
Sir Philip Christopher Ondaatje (/ɒnˈdɑːtʃi/; born 22 February 1933), styled Earl of Rothes, Lord of Leslie and Sheriff of Fife between 2004 and 2024, is a Sri Lankan-born Canadian-English businessman, philanthropist, adventurer, writer and bob-sledding Olympian for Canada. Ondaatje is the older brother of the author Michael Ondaatje and lives in both Chester, Nova Scotia, and the United Kingdom.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
5144 Achates
5144 Achates /əˈkeɪtiːz/ is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 December 1991, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in southern California, United States. The assumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6 hours, a notably eccentric orbit of 0.27, and belongs to the 40 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named after Achates from Greco-Roman mythology.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.
Ähtärinjärvi
Ähtärinjärvi is a lake in Finland. It is situated in the municipalities of Ähtäri, Alajärvi (formerly Lehtimäki) and Soini in the South Ostrobothnia region in western Finland. The lake is part of the Kokemäenjoki basin and drains through a chain of lakes that includes among others the lakes Toisvesi and Tarjanne in the Pirkanmaa region, where the lake Tarjanne in its turn drains into the Lake Ruovesi.

Tarjanne
Tarjanne (also Tarjannevesi) is a medium-sized lake in Finland. It is situated in the municipalities of Ruovesi, Virrat and Mänttä-Vilppula in the Pirkanmaa region in western Finland. The lake is part of the Kokemäenjoki basin. The main inflows are the lake Vaskivesi and a chain of lakes north of it in the west and a chain of lakes from the lake Pihlajavesi in the north. The lake drains into the Lake Ruovesi in the south.
Lipnica Castle
Lipnica Castle (Slovene: Lipniški grad, German: Waldenberg), also known as Deserted Castle above Lipnica (Pusti grad nad Lipnico), is a castle ruin near the settlement of Zgornja Lipnica in Upper Carniola (northwestern Slovenia), above Lipnica Creek, in the Municipality of Radovljica.

Municipality of Radovljica
The Municipality of Radovljica (pronounced [ɾaˈdoːu̯ljitsa] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Radovljica) is a municipality in the Upper Carniola region of northern Slovenia. The administrative seat of the municipality is the town of Radovljica.
Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics
25°01′17″N 121°32′17″E﻿ / ﻿25.021278°N 121.538139°E﻿ / 25.021278; 121.538139

The Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA or IAA) is an affiliated research institute of Academia Sinica in Taipei.

ASIAA is currently located in the Astronomy and Mathematics Building at the National Taiwan University in Taipei, Taiwan and also has a field office in Hilo, Hawaii.

ASIAA was officially established on June 1, 2010, with Paul Ho being the first director.

Subaru Telescope
Subaru Telescope (すばる望遠鏡, Subaru Bōenkyō) is the 8.2-metre (320 in) telescope of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, located at the Mauna Kea Observatory on Hawaii. It is named after the open star cluster known in English as the Pleiades. It had the largest monolithic primary mirror in the world from its commissioning until the Large Binocular Telescope opened in 2005.
Donald Schmuck
Brigadier General Donald Myron "Buck" Schmuck, (USMC ret.) (August 16, 1915 – January 24, 2004) was a United States Marine Corps brigadier general who served with distinction during World War II and the Korean War — and was awarded the Navy Cross and two Silver Stars for his heroic actions.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Porcine adenovirus
Porcine adenovirus is a virus in the family Adenoviridae. It causes mild gastrointestinal diseases in pigs and is thought to contribute to multifactorial porcine respiratory diseases complexes. Several strains of the virus can be found worldwide, and transmission occurs horizontally by the fecal-oral route.

Adenoviridae
Adenoviruses (members of the family Adenoviridae) are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome. Their name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953.

They have a broad range of vertebrate hosts; in humans, more than 50 distinct adenoviral serotypes have been found to cause a wide range of illnesses, from mild respiratory infections in young children (the common cold) to life-threatening multi-organ disease in people with a weakened immune system.
Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society
Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of science policy, science and technology studies, and science education. The editor-in-chief is Jeffry Will (University of North Florida). It was established in 1981 and is currently published by SAGE Publications.

Academic Search
Academic Search is a monthly indexing service. It was first published in 1997 by EBSCO Publishing in Ipswich, Massachusetts. Its academic focus is international universities, covering social science, education, psychology, and other subjects. Publishing formats covered are academic journals, magazines, newspapers, and CD-ROM.
The Rebel Angels
The Rebel Angels is novel by Canadian author Robertson Davies. First published by Macmillan of Canada in 1981, The Rebel Angels is the first of the three connected novels of Davies' Cornish Trilogy. It was followed by What's Bred in the Bone (1985), and The Lyre of Orpheus (1988).

Like the rest of the Cornish Trilogy, the novel takes place in the same universe as the Deptford Trilogy, with the major characters Clement Hollier and John Parlabane being alums of Colborne College (the college where Dunstan Ramsay taught history in Fifth Business) and former classmates of Boy Staunton's son David.

Fifth Business
Fifth Business is a novel by the Canadian writer Robertson Davies. 
Published by Macmillan of Canada in 1970, it is the first instalment of Davies' best-known work, the Deptford Trilogy, and explores the life of the narrator, Dunstan Ramsay. It was the novel that brought Davies to international attention.

Many literary theorists have found examples of archetypes based on the work of Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung throughout Fifth Business.
15th Infantry Brigade (Hungary)
The 15th Infantry Brigade was a formation of the Royal Hungarian Army that participated in the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia during World War II.

The 15th Infantry Brigade was redesignated 15th Light Division 17 February 1942.

Royal Hungarian Army
The Royal Hungarian Army (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség, German: Königlich Ungarische Armee) was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers during World War II.
Mkoani District
Mkoani District (Wilaya ya Mkoani in Swahili)  is one of two administrative districts of Pemba South Region in Tanzania. The district covers an area of 256.2 km2 (98.9 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of Niue. The district has a water border to the east, south and west by the Indian Ocean. The district is bordered to the north by Chake Chake District. The district seat (capital) is the town of Mkoani. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 135,052.

Pemba South Region
Pemba South Region or South Pemba Region (Swahili: Mkoa wa Pemba Kusini) is one of the 31 regions of Tanzania, covering an area of 332 km2 (128 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation-state of Grenada. The administrative region is located entirely on Pemba island. Pemba South Region is bordered to the south by Indian Ocean, north by Pemba North Region and the west by the Pemba Channel. The regional capital is Chake-Chake. The region has the fifth-highest HDI in the country, making one of the most developed regions in the country. The region has the highest standard of living on Pemba Island. According to the 2022 census, the region has a total population of 271,350.
The Evangelistic Association of the East
The Evangelistic Association of the East is a registered non-governmental organization headquartered at Perumbavoor, Kerala working in the educational, social service and spirituality sectors. The organization consists of educational institutions, orphanages, and an archdiocese affiliated with Syriac Orthodox Church across South India. It was founded as the first missionary association of Syriac Orthodox Church in 1924 by 'Malphono Nasiho' Geevarghese Cor-Episcopa Athunkal(1902-1997) and later registered in 1949 under Indian Societies Registration Act. XXI of 1860. The E.A.E Arch Diocese is under the direct control of Ignatius Aphrem II, patriarch օf the Syriac Orthodox Church․

Societies Registration Act, 1860
The Societies Registration Act, 1860 is a legislation in British India which allows the registration of entities generally involved in the benefit of society – education, health, employment etc.

The British Indian Empire, with a wish to encourage such activities and to promote the formal organisation of groups of like minded people, incorporated the Act 21 of 1860, in other words, the Societies Registration Act, 1860 (21 of 1860), which came into force on 21 May 1860.

In post-independence India, the Act continues until today and being an Act of Parliament, comes under the Right to Information Act, wherein the government is legally responsible to give any information requested by any citizen of India with respect to any society.

In Bangladesh, Burma and Pakistan, all previously part of the British Raj, the Act also continues. In Brunei, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore, similar legislations for the registration of societies are also in place.
Difluprednate
Difluprednate, sold under the brand name Durezol, is a corticosteroid used for the treatment of post-operative ocular inflammation and pain.

It was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2008. It is available as a generic medication.

Corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, and also their synthetic analogues. The two main classes of corticosteroids – glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids – are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

Some common naturally occurring steroid hormones are cortisol (C21H30O5), corticosterone (C21H30O4), cortisone (C21H28O5) and aldosterone (C21H28O5) (cortisone and aldosterone are isomers). The main corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone.
Ptilotrigona
Ptilotrigona is a genus of bees belonging to the family Apidae.

The species of this genus are found in South America.

Species:

Ptilotrigona lurida (Smith, 1854)

Ptilotrigona occidentalis (Schulz, 1904)

Ptilotrigona pereneae (Schwarz, 1943)

Ptilotrigona lurida
Ptilotrigona lurida, known as the borá-cavalo, abelha-piranha ("piranha bee"), or corta-cabelos ("hair-cutting bee") in Brazil, is a species of eusocial stingless bee in the family Apidae and tribe Meliponini.
Isle of Wight Rifles
The 1st Isle of Wight Rifle Volunteers, later the 8th (Isle of Wight, 'Princess Beatrice's Own') Battalion, Hampshire Regiment, but known informally as the 'Isle of Wight Rifles', was an auxiliary unit of the British Army formed to defend the Isle of Wight after a mid-19th Century invasion scare. During World War I it fought in the Gallipoli Campaign, taking part in the calamitous attack at Suvla Bay, and later at the battles of Gaza and Megiddo in Palestine. Between the wars it was converted to coast defence artillery and served in this role on the Isle of Wight throughout World War II. One battery was sent to reinforce the garrison of Tobruk, where it was captured in 1942. Postwar the unit converted to the air defence role, then reverted to infantry, and its successors continue in today's Army Reserve.

43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
The 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division was an infantry division of Britain's Territorial Army (TA). The division was first formed in 1908, as the Wessex Division. During the First World War, it was broken-up and never served as a complete formation. It was reformed in the TA in 1920, and then served in the campaign in North West Europe from June 1944 until May 1945, during the Second World War. The division suffered heavy casualties and gained an excellent reputation. After the Second World War, the division formed part of the postwar TA, and became the 43rd (Wessex) Division/District in 1961. It was finally disbanded in 1967.
2000 World Fencing Championships
The 2000 World Fencing Championships were held in Budapest, Hungary. The event took place from June 29 to July 2, 2000, for competitions in women's team sabre and women's individual sabre, both of which were not held at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

World Fencing Championships
The World Fencing Championships (also known as Senior Fencing World Championships) is an annual competition in fencing organized by the International Fencing Federation. Contestants may participate in foil, épée, and sabre events.