hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anton Tausche
Anton Tausche (27 July 1838 – 20 November 1898) was a German-Bohemian teacher, author, and politician. Much of his teaching and writing concerned improvement in farming methods. The town of Výsluní gave him honorary citizenship for his work in improving crop yields.

Teplice
Teplice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtɛplɪtsɛ] ⓘ, until 1948 Teplice-Šanov; German: Teplitz, Teplitz-Schönau) is a city in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 51,000 inhabitants. It is the most populous Czech spa town, followed by Karlovy Vary. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Tong, Lewis
Tong (Scottish Gaelic: Tunga from Old Norse: Tunga) is a village on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland, 4 miles (6 kilometres) northeast of the main town of Stornoway on the B895 road to Back and Tolsta. The population of the village is 527 (2001 census). Fishing forms part of the local economy.

The mainland of Scotland is 40 nautical miles (75 kilometres) away via a two-hour ferry ride.

New Tolsta
New Tolsta (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Ùr Tholastaidh) is a village on the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. New Tolsta is within the parish of Stornoway, and it lies to the north of North Tolsta, at the end of the B895 road.

To the north of the village lies the beginning of a road that was planned to cross the moor and meet the road end in the village of Skigersta in Ness. The uncompleted project is known locally as "the road to nowhere".
Ash Power
Lieutenant General Brian Ashley "Ash" Power AO, CSC (born 20 January 1957) is a retired senior officer of the Australian Army. Power served as Chief of Joint Operations from 2011 until his retirement in May 2014.

Lieutenant general (Australia)
Lieutenant general (abbreviated LTGEN and pronounced 'lef-tenant general') is the second-highest active rank of the Australian Army. It was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of lieutenant general, and is considered a three-star rank.

The rank of lieutenant general is held by the Chief of Army. The rank is also held when an army officer is the Vice Chief of the Defence Force, the Chief of Joint Operations, or the Chief of Joint Capabilities. The Chief of Capability Development Group, disestablished in 2016, also carried three-star rank.

Lieutenant general is a higher rank than major general, but lower than general. Lieutenant general is the equivalent of vice admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force. The insignia for a lieutenant general is the Crown of St Edward above a crossed sword and baton.
Loughgilly
Loughgilly (/lɒxˈɡɪli/ lokh-GIL-ee; from Irish Loch Gile or Loch Goilí) is a small village, townland and civil parish in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is on the main Armagh to Newry road, about halfway between the two. It is within the Armagh City and District Council area. It had a population of 84 people (42 households) in the 2011 Census. (2001 census: 69 people)

Armagh
Armagh (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH; Irish: Ard Mhacha, IPA: [ˌaːɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə], "Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All Ireland for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland. In ancient times, nearby Navan Fort (Eamhain Mhacha) was a pagan ceremonial site and one of the great royal capitals of Gaelic Ireland. Today, Armagh is home to two cathedrals (both named after Saint Patrick) and the Armagh Observatory, and is known for its Georgian architecture.

Statistically classed as a medium-sized town by NISRA, Armagh was given city status in 1994 and Lord Mayoralty status in 2012. It had a population of 16,310 people in the 2021 Census.
The Club (2015 film)
The Club (Spanish: El Club) is a 2015 Chilean drama film directed, co-produced and co-written by Pablo Larraín. It was screened in the main competition of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival where it won the Jury Grand Prix. It was selected as the Chilean entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards but it was not nominated.

Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize
The Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize (also Jury Grand Prix, Grand Prize of the Jury) is an award given by the jury at the Berlin International Film Festival to one of the feature films in competition. It is the runner-up to the Golden Bear prize and is considered the second most prestigious prize at the festival.
Music of North Macedonia
Macedonian music refers to all forms of music associated with ethnic Macedonians. It shares similarities with the music of neighbouring Balkan countries, yet it remains overall distinctive in its rhythm and sound.

Macedonian Radio Television
Macedonian Radio Television (Macedonian: Македонска радио-телевизија, romanized: Makedonska radio-televizija), or MRT (МРТ) for short, is the public broadcasting organisation of North Macedonia. It was founded in 1993 by the Macedonian Assembly.

Its legally defined service is the production and broadcasting of radio and television programmes of all genres, which should satisfy the public information, cultural, educational and recreational needs of the people of North Macedonia.

MRT is directed by Marijan Cvetkovski. MRT has 1,200 employees.
2022 Oceania Women's Sevens Championship
The 2022 Oceania Women's Sevens Championship was held in Pukekohe, New Zealand on 24–26 June. It was the eleventh edition of the Oceania Championship in women's rugby sevens.

The competition served as one of the final events for Oceania Rugby national teams ahead of the Commonwealth Games in July and the Sevens World Cup in September. It was played as a double round-robin format at Navigation Homes Stadium.

Black Ferns Ma won the tournament, with Australia VII Selection as runner-up.

2022 Rugby World Cup Sevens
The 2022 Rugby World Cup Sevens was the eighth and final edition of the Rugby World Cup Sevens organised by World Rugby.  The 2022 tournament, comprising 24 men's and 16 women's teams as previously, was played over three days in one venue in September. It took place at the Cape Town Stadium in Cape Town, South Africa between 9 and 11 September 2022. It was the first Rugby World Cup Sevens in Africa. The dates were chosen to take into account in the Commonwealth Games tournament which took place in July the same year.
Sudirman (singer)
Dato' Sudirman bin Haji Arshad (25 May 1954 – 22 February 1992), known mononymously as Sudirman, was a Malaysian singer, songwriter and actor. His singing career kicked off after winning the Bintang RTM singing competition on 11 August, 1976. His career defining moment came after he was awarded winner of the "1989 Asia's No. 1 Performer" title during the ‘'Asian Popular Music Awards'’ competition held at the Royal Albert Hall in London on 19 March, 1989. 
Throughout his career, he was known as the "Singing Lawyer", the "People's Singer", the "Patriotic Singer" and the "Elvis Presley and Claude François of Malaysia". Apart from being a singer and actor, he was also a lawyer, a composer, writer (specifically focused in producing memoirs and children books), cartoonist, and entrepreneur.

He represented Malaysia at the 1985 ABU Popular Song Contest.

Order of the Defender of the Realm
The Most Esteemed Order of the Defender of the Realm (Malay: Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country.  The Order Motto are 'Dipeliharakan Allah-Pangkuan Negara' (lit. 'By the Grace of God-Defender of the Realm').

The order was instituted on 6 August 1958 and initially had the five highest ranks. The medal was added on 19 August 1960.
Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel
Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiæ ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel is a description of the plants collected at the Swan River colony and King George Sound in Western Australia. The author, Stephan Endlicher, used a collection arranged by Charles von Hügel to compile the first flora for the new settlements. Hugel visited the region during 1833–1834, several years after the founding of the colony. The work provided formal descriptions, in Latin, of new species and genera of plants. The single instalment was produced in Europe by Endlicher in 1837, the work also included contributions by Eduard Fenzl, George Bentham, Heinrich Wilhelm Schott.

The abbreviation Enum. Pl. [Endlicher] is used to refer to this work in botanical literature.

Charles von Hügel
Charles von Hügel (born Carl Alexander Anselm Baron von Hügel; 25 April 1795 – 2 June 1870), sometimes spelt in English Huegel, was an Austrian nobleman, army officer, diplomat, botanist, and explorer, now primarily remembered for his travels in northern India during the 1830s. During his lifetime he was celebrated by the European ruling classes for his botanical garden and his introduction of plants and flowers from New Holland (Australia) to Europe's public gardens.
Ivan Krivonogov
Ivan Vasilievich Krivonogov (Russian: Ива́н Васи́льевич Кривоно́гов; 8 September 1866, Arkhangelsk Governorate – 1918, RSFSR) was a medical doctor, deputy of the Arkhangelsk City Duma and deputy of the Fourth Imperial Duma from the Arkhangelsk Governorate between 1913 and 1917. After February Revolution of 1917, he became a commissar of the Russian Provisional Government.

Arkhangelsk Governorate
64°32′N 40°32′E﻿ / ﻿64.533°N 40.533°E﻿ / 64.533; 40.533

Arkhangelsk Governorate (Russian: Архангельская губерния, romanized: Arkhangel'skaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Arkhangelsk. The governorate was located in the north of the Russian Empire and bordered Tobolsk Governorate in the east, Vologda Governorate in the south, Olonets Governorate in the southwest, Sweden (later Grand Duchy of Finland and later independent Finland) in the west, and Norway in north-west. In the north, the governorate was limited by the White and Barents Seas.

The area of the governorate is currently split between Arkhangelsk and Murmansk Oblasts, the Komi Republic, the Republic of Karelia, and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
Samara culture
The Samara culture is an Eneolithic (Copper Age) culture dating to the turn of the 5th millennium BCE, at the Samara Bend of the Volga River (modern Russia). The Samara culture is regarded as related to contemporaneous or subsequent prehistoric cultures of the Pontic–Caspian steppe, such as the Khvalynsk, Repin and Yamna (or Yamnaya) cultures.

5th millennium BC
The 5th millennium BC spanned the years 5000 BC to 4001 BC. It is impossible to precisely date events that happened around the time of this millennium and all dates mentioned here are estimates mostly based on geological and anthropological analysis.
Golden Potlatch
The Golden Potlatch (or Potlatch Days) was a festival in Seattle, Washington, United States in 1911–1914 and 1934–1941. The idea of an annual Festival in Seattle followed the success of the Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition in 1909. The 'Golden Potlatch' event was conceived to keep Seattle in the public eye. Seattle wanted to have an event that would challenge the Portland Rose Festival and gain national attention. Seattle's Potlatch festival was also a way for a certain class of Seattleites—specifically, the city's new commercial elite—to tell stories about the city and its history. Called a "triumph of symbolism" by one observer, the Potlatch appropriated Native imagery to create a regional vision of civic development.

The name derived from the potlatch, the Chinook Jargon name of a festival ceremony that had been practiced by indigenous peoples of the region; "golden" reflected Seattle's role in the Klondike Gold Rush in the late 1890s.

Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition
The Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition, acronym AYP or AYPE, was a world's fair held in Seattle in 1909 publicizing the development of the Pacific Northwest. It was originally planned for 1907 to mark the 10th anniversary of the Alaska Gold Rush, but the organizers learned of the Jamestown Exposition being held that same year and rescheduled.

The fairgrounds were hosted on an undeveloped portion of the present day campus of the University of Washington.
Wisconsin's 20th Senate district
The 20th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in eastern Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Washington County, northern Ozaukee County, and parts of southern Sheboygan County, eastern Fond du Lac County, and eastern Dodge County.  It includes the cities of Fond du Lac and West Bend, and the villages of Belgium, Cedar Grove, Fredonia, North Fond du Lac, Saukville, and Slinger.

Washington County, Wisconsin
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 136,761. Its county seat is West Bend. The county was created from Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and organized in 1845. It was named after President George Washington. Washington County is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area.
Cârjiți
Cârjiți (Hungarian: Kersec, German: Kerschdorf) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Almașu Sec (Szárazalmás), Cârjiți, Chergheș (Kerges), Cozia (Kozolya), and Popești (Popesd).

The commune is located in the central part of the county, 9 km (5.6 mi) west of the county seat, Deva, and 14 km (8.7 mi) northwest of the city of Hunedoara.

Deva, Romania
Deva (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdeva] ⓘ; Hungarian: Déva, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈdeːvɒ]; German: Diemrich, Schlossberg, Denburg; Latin: Sargetia;) is a city in Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, on the left bank of the river Mureș. It is the capital of Hunedoara County.
Gressittana
Gressittana is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It contains only one species, Gressittana sculpturata, which was originally placed in Rhyparida. The genus is endemic to New Guinea, and is named after Judson Linsley Gressitt.

Rhyparida
Rhyparida is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is mainly distributed in the Australasian, Oceanian and Indomalayan realms. It is most species-rich in Australia (about 100 species) and New Guinea (about 90 species), and reaches as far east as Samoa. Two species are also known from the African islands of Madagascar and Seychelles.
Statue of James A. Garfield (U.S. Capitol)
A statue of James A. Garfield by Charles Henry Niehaus stands in the United States Capitol's rotunda, in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. The marble statue was gifted by the U.S. state of Ohio in 1886.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
1951–52 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team
The 1951–52 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team represented the University of Michigan in intercollegiate basketball during the 1951–52 season.  In their fourth season under head coach Ernie McCoy, the Wolverines team compiled a 7–15 record and finished in a tie for eighth place in the Big Ten Conference.  Senior Jim Skala was the team captain, leading scorer and Most Valuable Player.  The team was notable as the first racially integrated Michigan basketball team with Don Eaddy and John Codwell becoming the first two African-American players.

Ernie McCoy (athletic director)
Ernest B. McCoy (July 20, 1904 – September 16, 1980) was an All-American basketball player at the University of Michigan from 1927 to 1929.  After graduating, he spent his entire professional career in college athletics, serving as the athletic director at Penn State (1952–1970), the athletic director at the University of Miami (1971–1973), and a basketball coach (1949–1952), assistant football coach, and assistant athletic director (1946–1952) at Michigan.  He is most remembered as the athletic director who hired Joe Paterno as head football coach at Penn State in 1966.
Incredible Bodies
Incredible Bodies is a 2006 campus novel by Ian McGuire satirising intellectual fashions and other aspects of academia. It is his first novel. He is also the author of the novel The North Water and Richard Ford and the Ends of Realism.

Campus novel
A campus novel, also known as an academic novel, is a novel whose main action is set in and around the campus of a university. Academic novels typically center on professors or students (novels that focus on students may be termed varsity novels). Part of mainstream American fiction for decades, the genre in its current form dates back to the early 1950s.
Highlands Today
Highlands Today was a newspaper published in Sebring, Florida. It was associated with the Tampa Bay Times; Copies of the Times distributed in Highlands County, Florida included the supplement, which focuses on issues relevant to Sebring, Avon Park, Lake Placid, and other communities within the county.

The newspaper was previously associated with The Tampa Tribune until that paper was acquired by the Times Publishing Company, the publisher of the Times, in May 2016. After its acquisition, the Tribune was immediately folded and its associated newspapers, including Highlands Today, became publications of the Times.

On August 19, 2016, it was announced that the Tampa Bay Times sold Highlands Today to Sun Coast Media Group, owners of Highlands Today's competitor, the Highlands News-Sun.  Sun Coast Media Group absorbed Highlands Today's resources and merged it into its own paper, completing the process on Sept. 18, 2016, after Highlands Today published its final edition.

Highlands County, Florida
Highlands County is a county located in the Florida Heartland region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,235. Its county seat is Sebring. Highlands County comprises the Sebring, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The SMA was first defined in 2003 as the Sebring, Florida Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), consisting of Highlands County. The status of the area was changed to a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in 2013. The MSA was renamed the Sebring-Avon Park, Florida MSA in 2018. The name reverted to Sebring, Florida MSA in 2023.
Vesijärvi (Kangasala)
Vesijärvi is a lake in Finland. It is located in the Pirkanmaa region and there mostly in the municipality of Kangasala and for a lesser part in the municipality of Orivesi.

The lake is part of Kokemäenjoki basin and a chain of lakes that consists of Längelmävesi, Vesijärvi, Roine, Pälkänevesi and Mallasvesi. This chain of lakes drains into Vanajavesi in Valkeakoski, and from southeast another chain of lakes, consisting of the lakes Lummene, Kuohijärvi, Kukkia, Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä joins into it. In Finnish the former chain of lakes is called Längelmäveden reitti and the latter Hauhon reitti as it runs through the former municipality of Hauho.

Ilmoilanselkä
Ilmoilanselkä is a lake in Finland. It is part of a chain of lakes that begins from the lakes Lummene and Vesijako at the drainage divide between the Kokemäenjoki and Kymijoki basins, flows westwards from there through the lakes Kuohijärvi, Kukkia, Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä and drains into lake Mallasvesi. From there the waters flow through Vanajavesi and Pyhäjärvi towards the Kokemäenjoki in the west, and ultimately to the Gulf of Bothnia. Ilmoilanselkä is part of the Kokemäenjoki basin and is located for the most part in the area of the city of Hämeenlinna (in the former municipality of Hauho) in the Kanta-Häme region and for a smaller part in the municipality of Pälkäne in the Pirkanmaa region.
Next operation as customer
In quality engineering, Next Operation as Customer (NOAC)  is a total quality management approach whereby all company internal customers and processes are both receivers and providers. In management consulting, the NOAC approach enables the evaluation of processes with internal customers before extending them to external clients.

The term was coined by Kaoru Ishikawa.

Total quality management
Total quality management (TQM) is an organization-wide effort to "install and make a permanent climate where employees continuously improve their ability to provide on-demand products and services that customers will find of particular value."

Total quality management (TQM) emphasizes that all departments, not just production (such as sales, marketing, accounting, finance, engineering, and design), are responsible for improving their operations. Management, in this context, highlights the obligation of executives to actively oversee quality through adequate funding, training, staffing, and goal setting.

Although there isn't a universally agreed-upon methodology, TQM initiatives typically leverage established tools and techniques from quality control. TQM gained significant prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s before being largely superseded by other quality management frameworks, such as ISO 9000, Lean manufacturing, and Six Sigma.
Physical proximity doctrine
The physical proximity doctrine is a standard in criminal law for distinguishing between preparation and attempt.: 683  "Physical" refers to the physical element of a criminal act (actus reus), as distinguished from the mental element of a guilty mind (mens rea). When a person makes preparation to commit a crime, and one of the preparatory acts is close or proximate to the completed crime, the preparation is considered to have merged into being an actual attempt.: 683  The standard is not a clear bright line standard.: 683  The closer the preparatory act is to the completed crime, the stronger the case for calling it an attempt.: 683  The determination as to whether the standard has been met is a matter for the jury to determine.

Mens rea
In criminal law, mens rea (/ˈmɛnz ˈreɪə/; Law Latin for "guilty mind") is the mental state of a defendant who is accused of committing a crime. In common law jurisdictions, most crimes require proof both of mens rea and actus reus ("guilty act") before the defendant can be found guilty.
Pepperdine Waves baseball
The Pepperdine Waves baseball team represents Pepperdine University in the sport of baseball. The Pepperdine Waves compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and in the West Coast Conference. They are currently led by head coach Tyler LaTorre.

The Waves have been to the College World Series twice, winning the national championship in 1992 under head coach Andy Lopez with a win over Cal State Fullerton.

NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The NCAA Division I Baseball Championship is held each year from May through June and features 64 college baseball teams in the United States, culminating in the eight-team Men's College World Series (MCWS) at Charles Schwab Field Omaha in Omaha, Nebraska.

The tournament is unique in that it features four tiers of competition, alternating between double-elimination brackets and best-of-three series. In fact, throughout the entire 64-team tournament, a team can lose a total of four games and still be crowned champions.