hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Armeegruppe
Armeegruppe was a historical type of major formation of German military history, in use in the Imperial German Army during World War I and the Wehrmacht during World War II.

While the term literally translates as army group, the German-language equivalent of an English-language army group is Heeresgruppe. Whereas a Heeresgruppe-type army group was designed to be permanent, an Armeegruppe-type army group was usually an ad hoc formation for a specific military task. Typically, Armeegruppe-type formations were short-lived.

Whereas Heeresgruppe-type formations were typically named after a geographic region (such as Heeresgruppe Courland), geographic direction (such as Heeresgruppe North) or even named by simple letters (such as Army Group A), Armeegruppe-type army groups were typically named after their commanding general, e.g. Army Group Steiner was named after Felix Steiner.

Army Group Courland
Army Group Courland (German: Heeresgruppe Kurland) was a German Army Group on the Eastern Front. It was created from remnants of the Army Group North, isolated in the Courland Peninsula by the advancing Soviet Army forces during the 1944 Baltic Offensive of the Second World War. The army group remained isolated in the Courland Pocket until the end of World War II in Europe. All units of the Army Group were ordered to surrender by the capitulated Wehrmacht command on 8 May 1945.

At the time agreed for all German armed forces to end hostilities (see the German Instrument of Surrender, 1945), the Sixteenth and Eighteenth armies of Army Group Courland, commanded by General (of Infantry) Carl Hilpert, ended hostilities at 23:00, on 8 May 1945, surrendering to Leonid Govorov, commander of the Leningrad Front. By the evening of 9 May 1945 189,000 German troops, including 42 officers in the rank of general, in the Courland Pocket had surrendered.
Sylt (municipality)
Sylt (German pronunciation: [zʏlt] ⓘ; Danish: Sild; Söl'ring North Frisian: Söl) is a municipality on the island of Sylt in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It has around 13,000 inhabitants and covers about 60% of the area of the island.

Nordfriesland (district)
Nordfriesland (German pronunciation: [nɔʁtˈfʁiːslant] ⓘ; Danish: Nordfrisland; North Frisian: Nordfraschlönj [nɔʀdˈfʀaʃlœɲ] Low German: Noordfreesland), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception of the island of Heligoland), as well as adjacent parts of the Schleswig Geest to the east and Stapelholm to the south, and is bounded (from the east and clockwise) by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland.  The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.

As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany.
Franz Fekete Stadium
Franz Fekete Stadion is a multipurpose stadium in Kapfenberg, Austria.  It is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Kapfenberger SV.  The stadium was constructed in 1950, and currently holds 9,640 people. It was named in 2001 after long time Mayor Franz Fekete (1921–2009).

Kapfenberger SV
Kapfenberger SV is an Austrian association football club from Kapfenberg, Styria. They won the 2007–08 Austrian Football First League and were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga. The club was founded in 1919 as Kapfenberger SC. The name of the team is often abbreviated to Kapfenberg. The club was renamed Kapfenberger SV in 1947 and currently play in the Austrian Second League, the second level of Austrian football.
Metnaj
Metnaj (pronounced [ˈmɛːtnaj]; German: Metnai) is a village in the hills north of Stična in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Stična
Stična (pronounced [ˈstiːtʃna]; in older sources also Zatičina, German: Sittich) is a village in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. 
It lies just north of Ivančna Gorica and is best known for its Cistercian Abbey. The abbey dates to the 12th century and is the oldest monastery in Slovenia. It includes the hamlets of Rupe, Štorovje (in older sources also Stornje), and Svinjska Vas (Slovene: Svinjska vas, German: Schweindorf). A former hamlet named Kaffeehaus also stood between Svinjska Vas and Rupe.
East Parsonsfield, Maine
East Parsonsfield is an unincorporated village in the town of Parsonsfield, York County, Maine, United States. The community is located along Maine State Route 160 near the town's eastern border with Cornish. East Parsonsfield has a post office with ZIP code 04028.

Parsonsfield, Maine
Parsonsfield is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,791 at the 2020 census. Parsonsfield includes the villages of Kezar Falls, Parsonsfield, and North, East and South Parsonsfield. It is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.
History of Alicante
The history of Alicante spans thousands of years. Alicante has been regarded as a strategic military location on the Mediterranean coast of Spain since ancient times. It is protected on the south-west by Cape Santa Pola and on the north-east by Cape Huerta. The fortified complex of Santa Bárbara Castle (Valencian: Castell de Santa Bàrbara), the older parts of which were built in the 9th century, dominates the city from a height of 160 m atop Mount Benacantil, a rocky massif overlooking the sea.

The first settlements in the Alicante area were made by Iberian tribes. Since then it has been inhabited successively by Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Goths, Moors, and Spaniards. Some of the earliest settlements were made on the slopes of Mount Benacantil, where the Santa Bárbara Castle stands today. As a part of the Roman province of Hispania under the name '"Lucentum", it was ruled by the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash, sal soda, and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odorless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it was extracted from the ashes of plants grown in sodium-rich soils, and because the ashes of these sodium-rich plants were noticeably different from ashes of wood (once used to produce potash), sodium carbonate became known as "soda ash". It is produced in large quantities from sodium chloride and limestone by the Solvay process, as well as by carbonating sodium hydroxide which is made using the chloralkali process.
Lang's red colobus
Lang's red colobus (Piliocolobus langi) is a species of red colobus monkey. Historically it had been treated as a subspecies of the Central African red colobus, (P. foai) but more recent taxonomies generally treat it as a separate species.

Lang's red colobus lives in lowland rainforest in the northeastern portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between the Lualaba River and the Aruwimi-Ituri River. It eats leaves, fruit, flowers, buds and possibly seeds.  Males have a head and body length of about 50 cm (20 in) with a tail length of about 66.5 cm (26.2 in).  Females have a head and body length about 48.5 cm (19.1 in) with a tail length of between 44 and 66.5 cm (17.3 and 26.2 in).  Males weigh about 9 kg (20 lb) and females weigh about 7.7 kg (17 lb).

Inch
The inch (symbol: in or ″) is a unit of length in the British Imperial and the United States customary systems of measurement. It is equal to ⁠1/36⁠ yard or ⁠1/12⁠ of a foot. Derived from the Roman uncia ("twelfth"), the word inch is also sometimes used to translate similar units in other measurement systems, usually understood as deriving from the width of the human thumb.

Standards for the exact length of an inch have varied in the past, but since the adoption of the international yard during the 1950s and 1960s the inch has been based on the metric system and defined as exactly 25.4 mm.
Black Seminole Scouts
Black Seminole Scouts, also known as the Seminole Negro - Indian Scouts, or Seminole Scouts, were employed by the United States Army between 1870 and 1914. The unit included both Black Seminoles and some native Seminoles. However, because most of the Seminole scouts were of African descent, they were often attached to the Buffalo Soldier regiments, to guide the troops through hostile territory. The majority of their service was in the 1870s, in which they played a significant role in ending the Texas-Indian Wars.

Kinney County, Texas
Kinney County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,129. Its county seat is Brackettville. The county was created in 1850 and later organized in 1874. It is named for Henry Lawrence Kinney, an early settler.

Kinney County's self-proclaimed biggest issue since the 2010s is undocumented immigration from Mexico through the county. The county claims it does not have the resources to deal with the large number of migrants, and in 2021 proclaimed a state of emergency.
Sanders (surname)
Sanders is a patronymic name, meaning "son of Alexander". The name derives from the abbreviation xander, with Alexander deriving from the Greek "Ἀλέξανδρος" (Aléxandros), meaning "Defender of the people".

Other known spelling variations: Sander, Saunder, Saunders, Zander, Sender, Zender and more, although different variants may have other origins (such as places like Zandt or Senden). The surname originates from Germany, The Netherlands, England, Scotland, and Ireland in most cases.

Notable persons and fictional characters with the surname include:

Kevin and Julia Sanders
Kevin Sanders and Julia Sanders (née Powell) are an English motorcyclist husband and wife noted for overland long-distance riding. They hold two Guinness World Records. The first was achieved in June 2002 by circumnavigating the world by motorcycle in 19½ days. The second was completed on 22 September 2003, riding the length of the Americas from Deadhorse, Prudhoe Bay in Alaska, United States to Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina in 35 days and breaking the previous record by over 12 days.
After these Guinness World records, they founded their motorcycle expedition company, GlobeBusters Motorcycle Expeditions in 2004.
Mark Knopfler discography
The Mark Knopfler discography consists of recordings by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler, not including his work with Dire Straits. Knopfler began recording apart from Dire Straits in 1983, when he released his first soundtrack album Local Hero. That same year he produced his first album, Infidels for Bob Dylan. Between 1983 and 2016, Knopfler composed and released nine soundtrack albums, the last of which was with Evelyn Glennie.

After he quietly disbanded Dire Straits in 1995, Knopfler released his first solo album Golden Heart in 1996. In total, he has released ten studio albums, two collaborative studio albums with Chet Atkins and Emmylou Harris, and twenty-two singles. In addition, Knopfler has also produced four additional albums for other artists, including Land of Dreams in 1988 for Randy Newman, and has appeared on many albums by other artists, providing guitar tracks or guest appearance vocals.

Local Hero (soundtrack)
Local Hero is the debut soundtrack album by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler, released in April 1983 by Vertigo Records internationally and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. It contains music composed for the 1983 film Local Hero, produced by David Puttnam and both written and directed by Bill Forsyth.

In 1984, the album received a BAFTA award nomination for Best Score for a Film. The final track of the album, "Going Home", is played before every home game of Newcastle United F.C. Knopfler re-recorded the song as a charity single for the 2014 Great North Run in his home city.
Mora oleifera
Mora oleifera (syn. Mora megistosperma) is a species of rainforest tree in the bean family Fabaceae, cassia subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly called mora or mangle nato, and is found in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador. It grows 45 metres (148 ft) in height and up to 4 m (13 ft) diameter at breast height. It is noted for producing the largest seeds of any dicot plant (bean-shaped, typical of the family); and up to 18 cm (7 in) long by 15 cm (6 in) wide, and up to 10 cm (4 in) thick. and can weigh up to 1 kg (2.2 lb), and is exceeded only by Lodoicea maldivica and Cocos nucifera. This seed is in a single-seeded legume which develops from a tiny flower only 1 mm in width. These white flowers are in little spikes about 12 cm (5 in) long. The leaves are paripinnate with just two pairs of ovate or oblong leaflets, each leaflet up to 18 cm (7 in) long. The wood is very heavy and rich in tannins.

Caesalpinioideae
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus). It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl

In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
Conway River (New Zealand)
The Conway River is part of the traditional boundary between the Canterbury and Marlborough regions in the South Island of New Zealand.

It arises in the Amuri Range near Palmer Saddle and runs for 30 kilometres (19 mi) south-east through the Hundalee Hills at the south end of the Seaward Kaikōura Mountains before turning north-east and reaching the Pacific Ocean 30 km (19 mi) south of Kaikōura. The Charwell River is a tributary. It was probably named after the River Conwy in North Wales, as this was the origin of Thomas Hanmer, an owner of Hawkeswood Station near this river during the 1850s.

Kaikōura Ranges
The Kaikōura Ranges are two parallel ranges of mountains located in the Canterbury Region in the northeast of the South Island of New Zealand. The two ranges are visible from a great distance, including from the southern coast of the North Island.
Geerlane
Geerlane is a hamlet in North East Derbyshire, England.

The hamlet is located in Moss Valley, by the side of The Moss. It has a farm, called Geerlane Farm, where a farmer was killed in 2010 after being trampled by his cattle.

The hamlet is located two-thirds mile (1.1 km) north of Troway, one-half mile (0.80 km) west of Ford, and 1+2⁄3 miles (2.7 km) south-east of Charnock in south-eastern Sheffield.

There was formerly a small quarry in Geerlane which provided the hamlet's main source of employment. Since its closure, the local economy has been based around farming.

North East Derbyshire
North East Derbyshire is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The council is based in the large village of Wingerworth. The district also includes the towns of Dronfield and Clay Cross as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Chesterfield (which it almost surrounds), Bolsover, Amber Valley, Derbyshire Dales, Sheffield and Rotherham.
Nathaniel Macon Burford
Nathaniel Macon Burford (June 24, 1824 – May 10, 1898) was an American politician in Texas who served as Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives between 1866 and 1869. Burford was also an attorney and a state district judge, and during the Civil War, he raised and led the 19th Texas Cavalry Regiment.

Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives
The speaker of the Texas House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the Texas House of Representatives. The Speaker's main duties are to conduct meetings of the House, appoint committees, and enforce the Rules of the House. The current speaker of the house is Dustin Burrows, a Republican from Lubbock. He was elected Speaker on January 14, 2025.
German Samoa
German Samoa, officially the Kingdom of Samoa (German: Königreich Samoa; Samoan: Malo Kaisalika), was a German protectorate from 1900 to 1920, consisting of the islands of Upolu, Savaiʻi, Apolima and Manono, now wholly within the Independent State of Samoa, formerly Western Samoa.  Samoa was the last German colonial acquisition in the Pacific Ocean, received following the Tripartite Convention signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 with ratifications exchanged on 16 February 1900. It was the only German colony in the Pacific, aside from the Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory in China, that was administered separately from German New Guinea.

Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory
The Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory (German: Deutsches Pachtgebiet Kiautschou), also known as the Jiaozhou, Kiaochau, Kiaochow, Kiauchau, and Kiao-chau Bay Concession, was a German leased territory in Imperial and Early Republican China from 1898 to 1914. Covering an area of 552 km2 (213 sq mi), it centered on Jiaozhou Bay (Kiautschou-Bucht) on the southeastern coast of the Shandong Peninsula. The administrative center was at Qingdao (Tsingtau). It was operated by the East Asia Squadron of the Imperial German Navy. The Russian Empire resented the German move as an infringement on Russian ambitions in the region.
Stroke Order Standard of GB 13000.1 Character Set
Stroke Order Standard of GB 13000.1 Character Set, full name GB 13000.1 Character Set Chinese Character Stroke Order Standard (GF 3002-1999) (simplified Chinese: GB 13000.1字符集汉字笔顺规范; traditional Chinese: GB 13000.1字元集漢字筆順規範; pinyin: GB 13000.1 Zìfújí Hànzì Bǐshùn Guīfàn), is a Chinese national standard on the order of strokes in writing Chinese characters. It has stipulated the stroke orders of 20,902 CJK Unified Ideographs. This standard was promulgated by the State Language Commission on October 1, 1999 and implemented on January 1, 2000. It is applicable to Chinese character information processing, dictionary compilation, Chinese character teaching and research, etc.

The standard has been applied to the arrangement of Xinhua Zidian and Xiandai Hanyu Cidian.

State Language Commission
The State Language Commission (SLC) is the official language regulator of China, managed by the Ministry of Education. It is mainly responsible for the standardization of national languages, and for implementing the policies and laws of the State Council on languages. The most important contributions by the SLC include the development and publication of Hanyu Pinyin (1958), the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (1956), and the List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters (2013).
Holkham
Holkham is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is dominated by the stately home and estate, Holkham Hall, and a beach, Holkham Gap, at the centre of Holkham National Nature Reserve.

Holkham is located 1.8 miles (2.9 km) north-west of Wells-next-the-Sea and 31 miles (50 km) north-west of Norwich.

Alice Coke, Countess of Leicester
Alice Emily Coke, Countess of Leicester, DBE, JP  (née White; 29 September 1855 – 24 April 1936), styled The Honourable Alice White from 1873 to 1879 and Viscountess Coke from 1879 to 1909, was an Anglo-Irish aristocrat active in the British Red Cross during the First World War.

She was the daughter of Sir Luke White, who succeeded as 2nd Baron Annaly in 1873. She married Viscount Coke on 26 August 1879. He succeeded his father as 3rd Earl of Leicester in 1909.  The couple had five children, including Thomas Coke, 4th Earl of Leicester.

She was a prominent figure in Norfolk, becoming a justice of the peace in 1922. She was president of the Norfolk Branch of the British Red Cross Society during the War, and was in consequence appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 1920 civilian war honours.

She died at Holkham Hall on 24 April 1936.
Salzwedel–Dannenberg railway
The Salzwedel–Dannenberg railway was a branch line between Salzwedel in the north of  Saxony-Anhalt and Dannenberg in eastern Lower Saxony in Germany. It was built in 1891 by the Prussian state railways, initially as a stub line from Salzwedel to Lüchow and extended in 1911 to Dannenberg. Shortly before the end of the Second World War the line between Salzwedel in the Soviet Zone and Lübbow in the British Zone was cut. Passenger services ceased in 1975, goods trains continued tor run until the end of 1997. The section still being worked between Lüchow and the station at Dannenberg Ost has been owned since 2001 by the Deutsche Regionaleisenbahn (DRE) and is called the Jeetzel Valley Railway (Jeetzeltalbahn).

Salzwedel
Salzwedel (German pronunciation: [ˈzaltsveːdl̩] ⓘ, officially known as Hansestadt Salzwedel; Low German: Soltwedel) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.  It is the capital of the district (Kreis) of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, and has a population of approximately 21,500. Salzwedel is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.
2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships – Middleweight
The Middleweight competition was the fourth-highest weight class featured  at the 2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships, and was held at the Mediolanum Forum. Middleweights allowed in the competition were limited to a maximum of 75 kilograms in body mass.

2009 AIBA World Boxing Championships
The 2009 AIBA World Boxing Championships were held in Milan, Italy, from September 1, 2009 to September 12, 2009, in the Mediolanum Forum. It was the biggest World Championships in AIBA history. The competition was under the supervision of the world's governing body for amateur boxing, the AIBA.

Originally, Cameroon, Trinidad and Tobago and Uzbekistan each expressed interest in hosting the championships. However, they did not submit a final application and were therefore withdrawn from the running. This left Italy and South Korea remaining, who were the final two countries in contention during the bidding process to host the 2009 championships. The city of Milan in Italy was then chosen to host the competition.