hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Pinstripe Bowl
The 2024 Pinstripe Bowl, known as the Bad Boy Mowers Pinstripe Bowl for sponsorship purposes, was the fourteenth edition of the college football bowl game, played on December 28, 2024, at Yankee Stadium in New York City, New York. Part of the 2024–25 bowl season, the game featured Boston College and Nebraska, and aired at noon EST on ABC.

Pinstripe Bowl
The Pinstripe Bowl is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football bowl game held annually since 2010 at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, New York City.  Through 2025 it is affiliated with the Atlantic Coast Conference and Big Ten Conference; it previously had ties with the Big 12 Conference and the Big East Conference.

The winner receives the George M. Steinbrenner Trophy; during the New Era sponsorship, the bowl's most valuable player received the David C. Koch MVP Trophy, named for the late New Era CEO. The Pinstripe Bowl is one of four outdoor cold-weather bowls, the others being the Military Bowl (Annapolis, Maryland), the Fenway Bowl (Boston, Massachusetts), and the Famous Idaho Potato Bowl (Boise, Idaho). It is one of three active bowls played in baseball stadiums, the others being the Rate Bowl (Chase Field) and the Fenway Bowl (Fenway Park).
Circuit training
Circuit training is a form of body conditioning that involves endurance training, resistance training, high-intensity aerobics, and exercises performed in a circuit, similar to high-intensity interval training. It targets strength building and muscular endurance. An exercise "circuit" is one completion of all set exercises in the program. When one circuit is completed, one begins the first exercise again for the next circuit. Traditionally, the time between exercises in circuit training is short and often with rapid movement to the next exercise. Competitive fitness events such as Hyrox have adopted circuit-based formats combining running stages with functional exercise stations, increasing public interest in structured circuit training.

The program was developed by R.E. Morgan and G.T. Anderson in 1953 at the University of Leeds in England.

Hyrox
Hyrox (stylized as HYROX) is an indoor fitness competition that combines 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) of running and 8 functional workout stations, alternating between running and functional exercises. It bills itself as "The World Series of Fitness Racing" and "A Sport for Everybody".

A Hyrox competition is made up of a 1-kilometre (0.62 mi) run followed by a functional exercise station that is repeated eight times for the eight different workout stations. The events are standardized across all locations, allowing athletes to compare results globally.

Hyrox was launched by Christian Toetzke and Moritz Fürste. The first Hyrox event was held in Hamburg, Germany in April 2018.
Cuyahoga Valley, Cleveland
Cuyahoga Valley is a neighborhood on the Central and South Side of Cleveland, Ohio, located along the Cuyahoga River. Formerly known as Industrial Valley, the neighborhood was originally limited to only one section of the geographic Cuyahoga River Valley, but the city expanded it in 2012 to include the entire valley area. The present neighborhood includes the Flats and extends from the peninsula of Whiskey Island on Lake Erie in the north to the borders of the suburbs of Newburgh Heights and Cuyahoga Heights in the south. To the east, it borders Downtown Cleveland and the neighborhoods of Broadway–Slavic Village and Central. To the west, it borders the neighborhoods of Detroit–Shoreway, Ohio City, Tremont, and Brooklyn Centre.

Detroit–Shoreway
Detroit–Shoreway is a neighborhood on the West Side of Cleveland, in the U.S. state of Ohio.  Detroit–Shoreway consists of the streets between Lake Erie and Interstate 90, from West 85th to West 45th streets.
Michael Tordoff
Dr. Michael G. Tordoff is a psychobiologist who worked at the Monell Chemical Senses Center. His research deals with the genetics and physiology of taste and nutrition.  His early work addressed (a) how and what animals learn about the value of their food, (b) how artificial sweeteners influence appetite and body weight, (c) how salt intake is regulated, and (d) how dietary calcium influences salt intake. Recently, he has been investigating calcium taste and appetite.  He is the primary proponent of the notion that calcium is a basic taste, equivalent to sweet, sour, salty, and bitter.

Dr. Tordoff hosts the Monell Mouse Taste Phenotyping Project.  In August 2009, he bicycled across the USA in 27 days.  He is married to, and often collaborates with, Dr. Danielle Reed.

Danielle Reed
Danielle Renee Reed is an American geneticist employed at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She is most notable for her papers regarding genetic variation in taste and obesity in mice and humans.
Ye Hongzhuan
Ye Hongzhuan (Chinese: 叶红专; born June 1958) is a retired Chinese politician of Tujia ethnicity who spent his entire career in his home-province Hunan. As of December 2025 he was under investigation by China's top anti-graft watchdog. Previously he served as vice chairperson of the Standing Committee of the Hunan Provincial People's Congress.

Ye was an alternate member of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Tujia people
The Tujia (Northern Tujia: Bifjixkhar / Bifzixkar, IPA: /bi˧˥ dʑi˥ kʰa˨˩/ /pi˧˥ tsi˥ kʰa˨˩/, Southern Tujia: Mongrzzir, /mõ˨˩ dzi˨˩/; Chinese: 土家族; pinyin: Tǔjiāzú) are an ethnic group and, with a total population of over 9 million, the seventh-largest officially recognized ethnic minority in the People's Republic of China. They live in the Wuling Mountains, straddling the common borders of Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces and Chongqing Municipality.

The endonym Bizika means "native dwellers". In Chinese, Tujia literally means "local families", in contrast to the Hakka (客家; Kèjiā), whose name literally means "guest families" and implies migration.
Marcel Detienne
Marcel Detienne (French: [dətjɛn]; October 11, 1935, Liège, Belgium – March 21, 2019, Nemours, France) was a Belgian historian and specialist in the study of ancient Greece. He was a professor at Johns Hopkins University, where he held the Basil L. Gildersleeve chair in Classics.

Along with Jean-Pierre Vernant and Pierre Vidal-Naquet, Detienne has sought to apply an anthropological approach, informed by the structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss, to classical and archaic Greece.

Basil L. Gildersleeve
Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve (October 23, 1831 – January 9, 1924) was an American classical scholar. An author of numerous works, and founding editor of the American Journal of Philology, he has been credited with contributions to the syntax of Greek and Latin, and the history of Greek literature.
's-Gravenhoek
's-Gravenhoek is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It consisted of a number of polders on the north side of the island of Noord-Beveland, east of Wissenkerke.

The municipality of 's-Gravenhoek was smaller than the former domain (heerlijkheid) of the same name, which included the two polders Oud-'s-Gravenhoek and Nieuw-'s-Gravenhoek, which flooded in 1745 and 1752. The remaining part of the municipality had a low population, as it contained no village or hamlet, and it merged with neighbouring Wissenkerke in 1816.

Noord-Beveland
Noord-Beveland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈnoːrd ˌbeːvəlɑnt] ⓘ; "North Beveland") is a municipality and region in the southwestern Netherlands and a former island, now part of the Walcheren-Zuid-Beveland-Noord-Beveland peninsula. 
Noord-Beveland is enclosed by the Oosterschelde estuary to the north, and the former straits, now combined lake, of Veerse Meer and Zandkreek to the south. As part of the Delta Works, dams have connected Noord-Beveland to Walcheren and Zuid-Beveland.
Mkushi
Mkushi is a town in the Central Province of Zambia, located on the T2 road (Great North Road) and the TAZARA Railway, north-east of Kapiri Mposhi. The Changwena Falls and Fort Elwes (built-in 1896 by European gold prospectors) lie nearby. Mkushi is well known within Zambia for its commercial farms and is where Chengelo School is situated.

Kapiri Mposhi
Kapiri Mposhi is a Zambian town and the seat of the Kapiri Mposhi District in Central Province. Located north of Lusaka, it stands on the Great North Road and is significant for the railway connection between the Zambia Railways line from Kitwe to Lusaka and the western terminus (New Kapiri Mposhi) of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority from Dar es Salaam since 1976.
Fazil Mammadov
Fazil Mammadov Asad oglu (Azerbaijani: Fazil Məmmədov Əsəd oğlu; 28 March 1964 – 4 November 2022) the first Minister of Taxes of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2000–2017), first class adviser of the state tax service, president of the Azerbaijan Field Hockey Federation (2001–2015), president of the Azerbaijan Wrestling Federation (2007–2018), president of the Azerbaijan Cycling Federation (2011– 2021).

State Customs Committee (Azerbaijan)
The State Customs Committee of Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Gömrük Komitəsi) is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in charge of customs clearance for imports and exports, and regulation of all customs activities within Azerbaijan Republic. The committee is headed by Shahin Baghirov.

Writing in 2016, Sarah Chayes characterizes the Customs Committee as an institution that tries to protect monopolies linked to Azerbaijan's ruling Aliyev family.
USS Bennington
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Bennington, after the town of Bennington, Vermont. The Battle of Bennington occurred on 16 August 1777.

USS Bennington (PG-4), was commissioned in 1891 and took possession of Wake Island during the Spanish–American War.

USS Bennington (CV-20), was an aircraft carrier of World War II and decommissioned in 1970.

Bennington, Vermont
Bennington is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. It is one of two shire towns (county seats) of the county, the other being Manchester. As of the 2020 US Census, the population was 15,333. Bennington is the most populous town in southern Vermont, the second-largest town in Vermont (after Colchester) and the fifth-largest municipality in the state.

The town is home to the Bennington Battle Monument, which is the tallest human-made structure in the state of Vermont. The town has a long history of manufacturing, primarily within wood processing. The town is also recognized nationally for its pottery, iron, and textiles.
Hired armed cutter Hero
Two vessels served the British Royal Navy as His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Hero.  Under the command of Lieutenant John Reynolds, the second hired armed cutter Hero captured some 30 merchantmen during the Gunboat War before the Royal Navy returned her to her owners. She was so successful that Norwegian merchants offered a considerable reward for Hero's capture.

There was also an hired armed lugger Hero, and a number of British letters of marque that carried the name Hero, and that were cutters. None of the letter-of-marque cutters match the description of either hired armed cutter Hero.

Hired armed vessels
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Royal Navy made use of a large number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Royal Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.
Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome
Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome (LGL) is a pre-excitation syndrome of the heart. Those with LGL syndrome have episodes of abnormal heart racing with a short PR interval and normal QRS complexes seen on their electrocardiogram when in a normal sinus rhythm. LGL syndrome was originally thought to be due to an abnormal electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles, but is now thought to be due to accelerated conduction through the atrioventricular node in the majority of cases. The syndrome is named after Bernard Lown, William Francis Ganong, Jr., and Samuel A. Levine.

Electrophysiology study
A cardiac electrophysiology study (EP test or EP study) is a minimally invasive procedure using catheters introduced through a vein or artery to record electrical activity from within the heart. This electrical activity is recorded when the heart is in a normal rhythm (sinus rhythm) to assess the conduction system of the heart and to look for additional electrical connections (accessory pathways), and during any abnormal heart rhythms that can be induced. EP studies are used to investigate the cause, location of origin, and best treatment for various abnormal heart rhythms, and are often followed by a catheter ablation during the same procedure.
Glenys Livingstone
Glenys Livingstone (born 21 March 1954) is an Australian author and teacher who has made significant contributions to the feminist pagan community and is the creator of the earth-based goddess movement known as PaGaian Cosmology.

Women-Church
Women-Church: An Australian journal of feminist studies in religion was an Australian journal published by the Women-Church Collective. It was established in 1987 and ceased publication in 2007, with a total of 40 issues published over that time. The journal covered a broad range of topics in the fields of feminist theology, religion and spirituality.
Oitti railway station
Oitti railway station (Finnish: Oitin rautatieasema) is a railway station in the village of Oitti in the municipality of Hausjärvi, Finland. The station is located along the Riihimäki–Lahti line, approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) away from Riihimäki railway station and approximately 44 kilometres (27 mi) from Lahti railway station.

The Oitti stop is one half of the split operating point of Hausjärvi. The other is the Hausjärvi freight station, which is located approximately 600 metres (0.4 mi) west from the platforms of Oitti.

Hausjärvi
Hausjärvi is a municipality of Finland. Its seat is in Oitti.

It is part of the Kanta-Häme region. The municipality has a population of 7,923 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 398.77 square kilometres (153.97 sq mi) of which 8.98 km2 (3.47 sq mi) is water. The population density is 20.35 inhabitants per square kilometre (52.7/sq mi).

Geographically, and to some extent politically, Hausjärvi is characterized by its three population centres, Hikiä (population 1,055), Oitti (population 1,855) and Ryttylä (population 1,595). The administrative center of the municipality is Oitti, but politically there sometimes emerges debate on which centres should be developed and/or made targets of public investment.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Stare Ludzicko
Stare Ludzicko [ˈstarɛ luˈd͡ʑit͡skɔ] (German: Lutzig) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rąbino, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Rąbino, 18 km (11 mi) east of Świdwin, and 106 km (66 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Rąbino
Rąbino [rɔmˈbinɔ] (German: Groß Rambin; Kashubian: Wiôlgié Rãbinò) is a village in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rąbino. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Świdwin and 103 km (64 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 1,100.
2020 Trofeo Laigueglia
The 2020 Trofeo Laigueglia was a one-day road cycling race that took place on 16 February 2020 in and around Laigueglia. It was the 57th edition of the Trofeo Laigueglia and was rated as a 1.Pro event as part of the 2020 UCI Europe Tour and the 2020 UCI ProSeries.

The race was won by Giulio Ciccone racing for the Italian national team.

2020 UCI Europe Tour
The 2020 UCI Europe Tour was the sixteenth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2020 season began on 25 January 2020 with the GP Belek and ended on 14 October 2020 with the Scheldeprijs.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.Pro, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.Pro, 1.1 and 1.2
Kosmos 1024
Kosmos 1024 (Russian: Космос 1024 meaning Cosmos 1024) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1978 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1024 was launched from Site 43/3 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 02:59 UTC on 28 June 1978. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1978-066A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 10970.

Podvig says that moved from its orbital position in October 1979.

US-K
Upravlyaemy Sputnik Kontinentalny (US-K; Russian: Управляемый Спутник Континентальный meaning Continental Controllable Satellite; Russian: УС-К) is a series of Russian, previously Soviet, satellites used to detect missile launches as part of the Oko system. It consists of a constellation of satellites, usually in molniya orbits, designated under the Kosmos system. The satellites are built by the company NPO Lavochkin and are launched on Molniya-M rockets. Oko can be directly translated as the Russian word for eye.  As of June 2014, only two of the eight satellites in orbit were still functional, rendering the system inoperable.
Albert (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Albert (known as Albert-Aliwal from 1920 to 1924 and Albert-Colesberg from 1938 to 1948) was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1948. Named after the district of Albert, the seat initially covered a rural area along the Cape’s northeastern frontier, centred on the town of Burgersdorp. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Arsenal de l'Aéronautique
Arsenal de l'Aéronautique (commonly named Arsenal) was a national military aircraft manufacturer established by the French Government in 1936 at Villacoublay. In the years before World War II, it developed a range of technically advanced fighter aircraft, but none of these were manufactured in sufficient quantities to be of any use against the German invasion. Following the war, Arsenal was relocated to Châtillon-sous-Bagneux, where it was privatised as SFECMAS (la Société Française d’Etude et de Constructions de Matériel Aéronautiques Spéciaux) in 1952. In 1955 SFECMAS joined SNCAN to create Nord Aviation.

Arsenal VG-33
The Arsenal VG-33 was one of a series of fast French light fighter aircraft under development at the start of World War II, but which matured too late to see extensive service in the French Air Force during the Battle of France.
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, the Japanese elm, is one of the larger and more graceful Asiatic elms, endemic to much of continental northeast Asia and Japan, where it grows in swamp forest on young alluvial soils, although much of this habitat has now been lost to intensive rice cultivation.

RHS Garden Rosemoor
RHS Garden Rosemoor is a public display garden run by the Royal Horticultural Society in north Devon, England.

Rosemoor is about 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Great Torrington on the A3124 road to Exeter. It is surrounded by over 100 acres (40 ha) of woodland with the River Torridge running along the western border. Features include a rose garden with about 2,000 rose plants; an arboretum; herb, fruit and vegetable gardens; and an alpine house.

A variety of clematis introduced as part of the RHS Bicentenary Plant Collection is named after the garden.
Crystallographic disorder
In X-ray crystallography, crystallographic disorder describes the cocrystallization of more than one rotamer, conformer, or isomer where the center of mass of each form is identical or unresolvable.  Due to disorder, the crystallographic solution is the sum of the various forms.  In many cases, the components of the disorder are equally abundant, and, in other cases, the weighting coefficients for each component differ.  Disorder can entail a pair or several components, and usually arises when the forms are nearly equal in energy and the crystal lattice is sufficiently spacious to accommodate the various components.

Structure of pentamethylmolybdenum, Mo(CH3)5, showing 4-fold disorder of one methyl group.

One of four rotamers of Mo(CH3)5.

Cocrystal
In materials science (specifically crystallography), cocrystals are "solids that are crystalline, single-phase materials composed of two or more different molecular or ionic compounds generally in a stoichiometric ratio which are neither solvates nor simple salts." A broader definition is that cocrystals "consist of two or more components that form a unique crystalline structure having unique properties." Several subclassifications of cocrystals exist.

Cocrystals can encompass many types of compounds, including hydrates, solvates and clathrates, which represent the basic principle of host–guest chemistry. Hundreds of examples of cocrystallization are reported annually.
Tallinn Masters Mixed Doubles
The Tallinn Masters Mixed Doubles is an annual mixed doubles curling tournament, that was on the ISS Mixed Doubles World Curling Tour from 2018 to 2024. It is held annually at the Tondiraba Ice Hall in Tallinn, Estonia.

The purse for the event is €6,000, and the winning team receives €1,200.

While it was part of the tour, its event categorization is 300 (highest calibre is 1000).

The event began as a Champions Curling Tour event in 2017.

For local teams, the event serves as a preparation for the Estonian Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, with the winner qualifying to represent Estonia at the World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship. The 2022 event only had teams from Estonia, Lithuania and Finland.

Doubles curling
Doubles curling (most commonly seen as mixed doubles) is a variation of the sport of curling with only two players on each team.  Mixed doubles is the most common format of doubles curling, where the term 'mixed' specifies that each team is composed of one man and one woman. The term mixed is also used to describe a specific format of 4-person team curling where the team consists of two men and two women and the throwing order alternates genders, see mixed team.

With its smaller teams and quicker games, doubles curling has provided an opportunity for more countries to participate in international competition. At the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Championship 48 of the 61 World Curling member countries were represented, including the first international curling competition for Kosovo, Ukraine, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.