hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hida (train)
The Hida (ひだ, Hida) is a limited express train service operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) along the Takayama Main Line in central Japan since 1958, which connects Nagoya and Takayama in just over 2 hours, Nagoya and Toyama in 4 hours, and Ōsaka and Takayama in 4 hours 15 minutes. The Hida serves various locations en route such as Gifu and Gero. Like all JR limited express trains, a limited express fare ticket, along with a standard basic fare ticket, must be purchased in order to ride this service.

Shirakawaguchi Station
Shirakawaguchi Station (白川口駅, Shirakawaguchi-eki) is a railway station on the Takayama Main Line in the town of Shirakawa, Kamo District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).
Langenes Church
Langenes Church (Norwegian: Langenes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Øksnes Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Stø, on the northern tip of the island of Langøya. It is one of the churches for the Øksnes parish which is part of the Vesterålen prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform style in 1795. The church seats about 165 people.

Langøya
Langøya is the third largest island of Norway (outside of Svalbard), with an area of 850.2 square kilometres (328.3 sq mi). The island is a part of the Vesterålen archipelago in Nordland county, Norway. The island includes Bø Municipality and Øksnes Municipality as well as parts of Sortland Municipality and Hadsel Municipality.
Traditional games of South Asia
South Asia has many traditional games and sports. Two of them, kabaddi and kho-kho, are played at the South Asian Games, with kabaddi also featuring at the Asian Games. Many of these games are played across the entire subcontinent under different names and with some rule variations, while some of these games may be played only in certain countries or regions.

Chindro
Chindro (also known as Stapoo or Kidi Kada) 
is a game popular in the Indian subcontinent. The game is played with a stone that is tossed or slid on a marked-off playing court. It is similar to hopscotch.
Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation
The Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation (APCF) was a communist group in the United Kingdom. It was founded by the group around Guy Aldred's Spur newspaper – mostly former Communist League members – in 1921. They included John McGovern.

Independent Labour Party
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a British political party of the left, established in 1893 at a conference in Bradford, after local and national dissatisfaction with the Liberals' apparent reluctance to endorse working-class candidates. A sitting independent MP and prominent union organiser, Keir Hardie, became its first chairman.

The party played a key role in the formation of the Labour Representation Committee, to which ILP members Hardie and Ramsay MacDonald were delegates at its foundation in 1900. The committee was renamed the Labour Party in 1906, and the ILP remained affiliated until 1932. In 1947, the organisation's three parliamentary representatives defected to the Labour Party, and the organisation joined Labour as Independent Labour Publications in 1975.
Mieming Range
The Mieming(er) Range, Mieminger Chain (German: Mieminger Kette)  or Mieminger Mountains (Mieminger Gebirge), is a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps in the Eastern Alps. It is located entirely in Austria within the state of Tyrol.
This sub-group is somewhat in the shadows of its more famous neighbour, the Wetterstein to the north. Whilst the region around the Coburger Hut and the lakes of Seebensee and Drachensee in the west (Ehrwalder Sonnenspitze and Vorderer Tajakopf with its new klettersteig over the Tajakante) and the Hohe Munde in the extreme east receive large numbers of visitors, the less developed central area remains very quiet. The Hohe Munde is also a popular and challenging  ski touring destination.

Public transport links: The Außerfern Railway stops at Ehrwald on the western side of the range. Busses run from Leutasch on the southern side of the mountains to Mittenwald and Seefeld in Tirol.

Fern Pass
Fern Pass (elevation 1212 m) is a mountain pass in the Tyrolean Alps in Austria. It is located between the Lechtal Alps on the west and the Mieming Mountains on the east. The highest peak in Germany, the Zugspitze is only 13.5 km away to the northeast. The pass lies between the Grubigstein (2233 m) on the northwest, the Wannig (2493 m) on the southeast, and the Loreakopf (2471 m) on the west.
Mutual Film Company
Mutual Film Company, LLC is an American film production company based in Hollywood, California. The company was initially founded by financer Gary Levinsohn in 1989 as Classico Entertainment, before combining with The Mark Gordon Company in 1995 to form Cloud Nine Entertainment. Mutual is a film financier that was involved in the co-production of feature films. Mutual notably co-produced and financed several feature films for Paramount Pictures and Universal Studios.

Leonine Holding
Leonine Holding GmbH, also known as LEONINE Studios and formerly known Tele München Group, LLC (German: Tele München Gruppe; TMG), is a German media production and distribution company that is based in Munich and since April 2024, it’s owned by Mediawan, a French mass media production & distribution company.

The activities of Leonine include trade in licenses, investments in television and radio stations and distribution and production of television films and movies.

Leonine Studios produced and distributed their feature films, international television series, entertainment & infotainment formats and social media content either in-house or to other studios for social media channels. Their own production labels included Odeon Fiction, Madame Zhang Production, SEO Entertainment, W&B Television and Wiedemann & Berg Film Production.
Monkey Puzzle (band)
Monkey Puzzle is an a cappella music group from Bloomington, Indiana which formed in the mid-1990s, releasing their first CD in 1995. In 1999 they won the award for "Best World/Folk Song" from The Contemporary A Cappella Society and their third CD was nominated by the same organization for Best Album of 1999. As of 2005, they are still performing, though only conducting occasional reunion concerts the most recent of which was in 2013.

The group is known for composing unusual sound mixes and lyrics using the broad range of capabilities present within its members. Their music covers a fairly broad range of music styles including pop/rock, world, folk and even chant.

Contemporary A Cappella Society
The Contemporary A Cappella Society (of America), or CASA, is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization that fosters and promotes a cappella music of all styles around the world. CASA was founded in October 1990 by Deke Sharon while attending Tufts University in Medford. Sharon published a newsletter, the Collegiate A Cappella Newsletter (later renamed to the Contemporary A Cappella Newsletter), which was mailed to a database of collegiate a cappella groups maintained by his own college a cappella group, the Beelzebubs. The Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards (CARAs) were established the following year in 1992.

The organization is the host of several annual events including the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. It boasts over 6,000 current members and serves as a resource for media and scholarly work in the area of contemporary a cappella.
2025 New Mexico Bowl
The 2025 New Mexico Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 27, 2025, at University Stadium in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The 20th annual New Mexico Bowl began at approximately 3:45 p.m. MST and aired on ESPN. The New Mexico Bowl was one of the 2025–26 bowl games concluding the 2025 FBS football season. Isleta Pueblo, an indigenous community that owns and operates a resort and casino, sponsored the game, which was officially known as the Isleta New Mexico Bowl.

The 2025 New Mexico Bowl featured the North Texas Mean Green (11–2) of the American Conference and the San Diego State Aztecs (9–3) of the Mountain West Conference. North Texas beat San Diego State, 49–47.

2025–26 NCAA football bowl games
The 2025–26 NCAA football bowl games were an ongoing series of college football bowl games in the United States, most of which were played to complete the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Team-competitive bowl games in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) began on December 13, 2025, and concluded with the 2026 College Football Playoff National Championship on January 19, 2026. Several all-star games followed.
Hypomyces lateritius
Hypomyces lateritius, the ochre gillgobbler, is a parasitic ascomycete fungus that grows on certain species of  Lactarius mushrooms, improving their flavor and densifying the flesh. Hosts include L. camphoratus, L. chelidonium, L. controversus, L. deliciosus, L. indigo, L. rufus, L. salmonicolor, L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus, L. tabidus, L. trivialis, and L. vinosus.

It is a microscopic fungus causing the formation of a macroscopic whitish subiculum over the hymenium of its host species, preventing gill formation. Presence of H. lateritius also often deforms the cap and stipe. Parasitization by H. lateritius does not prevent latex from forming when the flesh is cut.

Lactarius controversus
Lactarius controversus, commonly known as the poplar milkcap, is a large funnel-capped fungus within the genus Lactarius, which are collectively known as 'milk caps'. They all exude milky drops (lactate) from the flesh and gills when damaged.

The species is classified as inedible but has sometimes been collected in Eurasia.
Martin Swan
Martin Swan (born Sheffield, England) is a Scottish multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, composer, record producer, recording engineer and instrument designer.

Swan is best known as the leader of the Mouth Music project, whose combination of traditional Gaelic songs and music with contemporary instrumental and technological settings led them to international fame and number 1 placings in world music sales charts in the early 1990s. His multi-instrumental skills and his approach towards the making of folk music (eclectic, restless and frequently non-purist) has seen him compared to a folk music version of Prince.

Swan is also involved in the restoration, manufacture and design of string instruments.

Though born in England, Swan is of Scottish descent and identifies as Scottish.

Goblet drum
The goblet drum (also chalice drum, tarabuka, tarabaki, darbuka, darabuka, derbake, debuka,  doumbek, dumbec, dumbeg, dumbelek, toumperleki, tumbak, tabla, or zerbaghali; Arabic: دربوكة / Romanized: darbuka) is a single-head membranophone with a goblet-shaped body. It is most commonly used in the traditional music of North Africa and the Middle East. The instrument is also featured in traditional music from South Asia, and Eastern Europe. The West African djembe and bougarabou are also goblet membranophones. This article focuses on the Middle Eastern and North African goblet drum.
Ampara Hospital
Ampara Hospital is a government hospital in Ampara, Sri Lanka. It is controlled by the central government in Colombo. As of 2010 it had 476 beds. The hospital is sometimes called Ampara General Hospital or Ampara District General Hospital.

Ampara
Ampara (Sinhala: අම්පාර, Tamil: அம்பாறை) is the main town of Ampara District, governed by an Urban Council.

It is located in the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka, about 360 km (224 mi) east of Colombo and approximately 60 km (37 mi) south of Batticaloa.
Leipian
The (1066) Leipian 類篇 is a Chinese dictionary compiled by Song dynasty (960-1279) lexicographers under the supervision of chancellor Sima Guang. It contains 31,319 character head entries, more than twice as many as the 12,158 in the (c. 543) Yupian, and included many new characters created during the Tang (618-907) and Song dynasties. Leipian entries are arranged by a 544-radical system adapted from the 540 radicals of the classic (121) Shuowen Jiezi.

Shuowen Jiezi
The Shuowen Jiezi is a Chinese dictionary compiled by Xu Shen c. 100 CE, during the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 CE). While prefigured by earlier reference works for  Chinese characters like the Erya (c. 3rd century BCE), the Shuowen Jiezi contains the first comprehensive analysis of characters in terms of their structure, where Xu attempted to provide rationales for their construction. It was also the first to organize its entries into sections according to shared components called radicals.
Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). It refers to the fact that starch gives a similar reaction, also called an amyloid reaction. The test can be on microscopic features, such as spore walls or hyphal walls, or the apical apparatus or entire ascus wall of an ascus, or be a macroscopic reaction on tissue where a drop of the reagent is applied. Negative reactions, called inamyloid or nonamyloid, are for structures that remain pale yellow-brown or clear. A reaction producing a deep reddish to reddish-brown staining is either termed a dextrinoid reaction (pseudoamyloid is a synonym) or a hemiamyloid reaction.

Iodine–starch test
The iodine–starch test is a chemical reaction that is used to test for the presence of starch or for iodine. The combination of starch and iodine is intensely blue-black.
The interaction between starch and the triiodide anion (I−3) is the basis for iodometry.
Millencolin discography
This is a comprehensive discography of Millencolin, a Swedish punk rock band. The band rose to popularity in 2000 with their album Pennybridge Pioneers. They have released nine studio albums, two compilation albums, four EPs, and numerous singles.

Pennybridge Pioneers
Pennybridge Pioneers is the fourth album by Swedish punk rock band Millencolin, released on 22 February 2000 by Epitaph Records. The album was their first album to move away from their ska punk elements in favor of a more alternative rock sound. It was also the band's first album recorded outside their native country of Sweden, and their first to be certified gold in sales after selling over 35,000 copies in Australia.

Its title is derived from the band's home town of Örebro, which jocularly translates to "Pennybridge" in English. "Fox" and "Penguins & Polarbears" were released as singles with accompanying music videos. "No Cigar" was also released as a single and EP and appeared in the soundtracks of the video games Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2, Jeremy McGrath Supercross World, Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD and Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 1 + 2. "Pepper"  was also included in the soundtrack album Music from and Inspired by Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3, though it was not included in the game itself.
Army of the Socialist Republic of Romania
The Army of the Socialist Republic of Romania (Romanian: Armata Republicii Socialiste România) was the army of the Socialist Republic of Romania (1965 to 1989), previously known as the Army of the Romanian People's Republic (Romanian: Armata Republicii Populare Romîne) during the Romanian People's Republic (1947 to 1965). Following the Romanian Revolution in 1989, it was renamed to the Romanian Armed Forces. It consisted of the Ground Forces, the Navy, and the Air Force.

President of Romania
The president of Romania (Romanian: Președintele României) is the head of state of Romania. The president is directly elected by a two-round system, and, following a modification to the Romanian Constitution in 2003, serves for five years. An individual may serve two terms that may be consecutive. During their term in office, the president may not be a formal member of a political party. The president of Romania is the supreme commander of the Romanian Armed Forces.

The office of president was created in 1974 when communist leader Nicolae Ceaușescu elevated the presidency of the State Council to a fully fledged executive presidency. It took its current form in stages after the Romanian Revolution, culminating in adopting Romania's current constitution in 1991.

Nicușor Dan is the 6th and current president since 26 May 2025.
Amphipole
Amphipoles, in antiquity, were archons, or chief magistrates, of the city of Syracuse. They were first established by Timoleon, after his expulsion of Dionysius the Elder, tyrant of Syracuse. They governed Syracuse for a space of three hundred years, and Diodorus Siculus wrote that they subsisted even in his time (c. 90 BC to c. 30 BC).

Archon
Archon (Greek: ἄρχων, romanized: árchōn, plural: ἄρχοντες, árchontes) is a Greek word that means "ruler", frequently used as the title of a specific public office. It is the masculine present participle of the verb stem αρχ-, meaning "to be first, to rule" (see also ἀρχή "beginning, origin"), derived from the same root as words such as monarch and hierarchy.
Incledon
Incledon in the parish of Braunton, North Devon, England, is an ancient historic estate which gave its name to the locally prominent de Incledon family (later Incledon, pronounced "Ingleton"), first recorded in 1160. It is situated one mile north-west of St Brannock's Church in Braunton. Its relationship to Incledon Hill in the parish of Georgeham, where is situated a modern farmhouse also called Incledon, 1 1/4 miles north-west of Incledon in Braunton, is unclear. In 1319 the Incledon family purchased the adjoining estate of Buckland, and the present Georgian Buckland House, 1/2 mile south-east of Incledon, is still occupied in 2014 by descendants of the Incledon-Webber family.

John Lambrick Vivian
Lieutenant Colonel John Lambrick Vivian (1830–1896), Inspector of Militia and Her Majesty's Superintendent of Police and Police Magistrate for St Kitts, West Indies, was an English genealogist and historian. He edited editions of the Heraldic Visitations of Devon and of Cornwall, standard reference works for historians of these two counties. Both contain an extensive pedigree of the Vivian family of Devon and Cornwall, produced largely by his own researches.
Strategic bankruptcy problem
A strategic bankruptcy problem is a variant of a bankruptcy problem (also called claims problem) in which claimants may act strategically, that is, they may manipulate their claims or their behavior. There are various kinds of strategic bankruptcy problems, differing in the assumptions about the possible ways in which claimants may manipulate.

Contested garment rule
The contested garment (CG) rule, also called concede-and-divide, is a division rule for solving problems of conflicting claims (also called "bankruptcy problems"). The idea is that, if one claimant's claim is less than 100% of the estate to divide, then they effectively concede the unclaimed estate to the other claimant. Therefore, the amount conceded by the claimant is first given to the other claimant. The remaining amount is then divided equally among the two claimants.

The CG rule first appeared in the Mishnah, exemplified by a case of conflict over a garment, hence the name. In the Mishnah, it was described only for two-people problems. But in 1985, Robert Aumann and Michael Maschler have proved that, in every bankruptcy problem, there is a unique division that is consistent with the CG rule for each pair of claimants. They call the rule, that selects this unique division, the CG-consistent rule (it is also called the Talmud rule).
Quantitative comparative linguistics
Quantitative comparative linguistics is the use of quantitative analysis as applied to comparative linguistics. Examples include the statistical fields of lexicostatistics and glottochronology, and the borrowing of phylogenetics from biology.

UPGMA
UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method. It also has a weighted variant, WPGMA, and they are generally attributed to Sokal and Michener.

Note that the unweighted term indicates that all distances contribute equally to each average that is computed and does not refer to the math by which it is achieved. Thus the simple averaging in WPGMA produces a weighted result and the proportional averaging in UPGMA produces an unweighted result (see the working example).
Fittleworth
Fittleworth is a village and civil parish in the District of Chichester in West Sussex, England located seven kilometres (4.3 miles) west from Pulborough on the A283 road and three miles (4.8 km) south east from Petworth. The village has an Anglican church, a primary school and one pub, The Swan. It is within the ancient divisions of the Bury Hundred and the Rape (county subdivision) of Arundel. The village is bounded south by the Rother Navigation.

In the 2001 census the parish covered 1,164 hectares (2,880 acres) and had 405 households with a total population of 931 people, of whom 434 were economically active. The 2011 Census included the hamlets of Egdean and Stopham and had a population of 978.

Chichester District
Chichester is a local government district in West Sussex, England. It is named after the city of Chichester, which is its largest settlement and where the council is based. The district includes the towns of Midhurst, Petworth and Selsey and surrounding rural areas, including many villages. The district includes part of the South Downs National Park, and Chichester Harbour is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. At the 2021 census the district had a population of 124,531.

The district is on the coast, facing the English Channel. The neighbouring districts are Arun, Horsham, Waverley, East Hampshire and Havant.
Hidehiko Yoshida
Hidehiko Yoshida (吉田 秀彦, Yoshida Hidehiko; born September 3, 1969) is a Japanese gold-medalist judoka and retired mixed martial artist. He is a longtime veteran of Japan's PRIDE Fighting Championships, competing in the middleweight (93kg) and heavyweight divisions. He won gold at the 1992 Summer Olympic Games at ‍–‍78 kg. Yoshida also had two famous fights with MMA pioneer Royce Gracie that resulted in a win by technical knockout and a time-limit draw.

Light heavyweight (MMA)
The light heavyweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes.

The UFC's light heavyweight ranges from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg).

The ONE Championship's light heavyweight division (also known as cruiserweight) has an upper limit of 102.1 kg (225.1 lb).

The Road FC's light heavyweight division places the upper limit at 205 lb (93 kg).

The Misfits MMA's light heavyweight division uses the boxing light heavyweight format. (175 Ib limit).

Light heavyweight is a weight class in mixed martial arts, which generally refers to competitors weighing from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg). It sits between the lighter middleweight division, and the heavyweight division. The light heavyweight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 206 lb (93 kg).
Timeline of women in computing
This is a timeline of women in computing. It covers the time when women worked as "human computers" and then as programmers of physical computers. Eventually, women programmers went on to write software, develop Internet technologies and other types of programming. Women have also been involved in computer science, various related types of engineering and computer hardware.

Marlyn Meltzer
Marlyn Wescoff Meltzer (1922 – December 7, 2008) was an American mathematician and computer programmer, and one of the six original programmers of ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer.