hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erica curtophylla
Erica curtophylla, the curved-leaf heath, is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and forming part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape. The plant occurs at Milkwoodfontein near Riversdale and Stilbaai.

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
Bancor
The bancor was a supranational currency that John Maynard Keynes and E. F. Schumacher conceptualised in the years 1940–1942 and which the United Kingdom proposed to introduce after World War II. The name was inspired by the French banque or ('bank gold'). This newly created supranational currency would then be used in international trade as a unit of account within a multilateral clearing system—the International Clearing Union—which would also need to be founded.

Deficit spending
Within the budgetary process, deficit spending is the amount by which spending exceeds revenue over a particular period of time, also called simply deficit, or budget deficit, the opposite of budget surplus. The term may be applied to the budget of a government, private company, or individual. A central point of controversy in economics, government deficit spending was first identified as a necessary economic tool by John Maynard Keynes in the wake of the Great Depression.
Toasted ravioli
Toasted ravioli, colloquially known as T-ravs, is breaded deep-fried ravioli, usually served as an appetizer and also used to consume dipping sauce. It was created and popularized in St. Louis, Missouri.

Hors d'oeuvre
An hors d'oeuvre (/ɔːr ˈdɜːrv(rə)/ or DURV(-rə); French: hors-d'œuvre [ɔʁ dœvʁ(ə)] ⓘ), appetiser, appetizer or starter is a small dish served before a meal in European cuisine. Some hors d'oeuvres are served cold, others hot. Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal, or they may be served before seating, such as at a reception or cocktail party. Formerly, hors d'oeuvres were also served between courses.

Typically smaller than a main dish, an hors d'oeuvre is often designed to be eaten by hand. Hors d'oeuvre are typically served at parties as a small "snack" before a main course.
Mixed metal oxide electrode
Mixed metal oxide (MMO) electrodes, also called Dimensionally Stable Anodes (DSA), are devices with high conductivity and corrosion resistance for use as anodes in electrolysis.  They are made by coating a substrate, such as pure titanium plate or expanded mesh, with several kinds of metal oxides. One oxide is usually RuO2, IrO2, or PtO2, which conducts electricity and catalyzes the desired reaction such as the production of chlorine gas. The other metal oxide is typically titanium dioxide which does not conduct or catalyze the reaction, but is cheaper and prevents corrosion of the interior.

The loading or amount of precious metal on the substrate (that is, other than the titanium) can be in the order of around 10 to 12 grams per square metre.

Electrode
An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or a gas). In electrochemical cells, electrodes are essential parts that can consist of a variety of materials (chemicals) depending on the type of cell.  An electrode may be called either a cathode or anode according to the direction of the electric current, unrelated to the potential difference between electrodes.

Michael Faraday coined the term "electrode" in 1833; the word recalls the Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, "amber") and ὁδός (hodós, "path, way").

The electrophore, invented by Johan Wilcke in 1762, was an early version of an electrode used to study static electricity.
Ahmed Umar (artist)
Ahmed Umar (Arabic: أحمد عمر, born 10 February 1988) is a Sudanese-Norwegian visual artist and LGBT activist. He grew up in a conservative family in Sudan and later fled to Norway. His artwork mixes Sudanese (e.g., the Black Pharaohs of the ancient Kingdom of Kush) and Western influences. He was profiled in the 2020 documentary The Art of Sin.

LGBTQ rights in Sudan
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in Sudan face significant challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Same-sex sexual activity in Sudan is illegal for both men and women, while homophobic attitudes remain ingrained throughout the nation.

In July 2020, Sudan removed capital punishment for same-sex sexual activity, as well as corporal punishment. Sodomy remains illegal, and penalties of terms of imprisonment were retained. The maximum penalty, for a third offence, remains life imprisonment.
William Piers (priest)
William Piers, D.D. was an English Anglican priest in the 17th century.

The son of Bishop William Piers, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University from 1621 to 1624, he was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He held livings at Kingsbury Episcopi, Buckland St Mary, Cudworth, East Brent and Christian Malford. Piers was archdeacon of Bath from 1638 to 1443Horn, Joyce M. (1979), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 5, pp. 18–20 and Archdeacon of Taunton from 1643 until his death 4 April 1682. He was also a canon residentiary at Wells Cathedral from 1639.

Archdeacon of Taunton
The Archdeacon of Taunton has been, since the twelfth century, the senior ecclesiastical officer in charge of the archdeaconry of Taunton in the Diocese of Bath and Wells (in the Church of England). The archdeaconry includes seven deaneries.
Anamidae
Anamidae is a family of Australian mygalomorph spiders. It was first described as a tribe by Simon in 1889, then raised to the subfamily Anaminae of the family Nemesiidae, before being raised to a family level by Opatova et al. in 2020.

Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (French pronunciation: [øʒɛn lwi simɔ̃]; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4,000 species.
Lycée Blomet
The École Normale Catholique (ENC), also known as the Lycée Blomet, is a private school founded in 1906 by teacher Louise Desrez. Since 1933, it has been located at 5 rue Blomet, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris.

Secondary education in France
In France, secondary education is in two stages:

Collèges (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ]) cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 14.

Lycées (French pronunciation: [lise]) provide a three-year course of further secondary education for students between the ages of 15 and 19 (although some lycées host higher education courses like CPGE or BTS). Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat (French pronunciation: [bakaloʁea]; baccalaureate, colloquially known as bac, previously bachot), which can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life. There are three main types of baccalauréat: the baccalauréat général, baccalauréat technologique and baccalauréat professionnel.
Adnan Hussein
Adnan Hussein (born 27 February 1954) is a Lebanese political scientist, academic and politician who served as minister of state for social affairs in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Saad Hariri. He is a close ally of former Lebanese President Michel Suleiman.

Michel Suleiman
Michel Suleiman (Arabic: ميشال سليمان [miːˈʃæːl sʊleːˈmæːn]; born 21 November 1948) is a Lebanese politician who served as the 12th president of Lebanon from 2008 to 2014. Before becoming president, he served as commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces from 1998 to 2008.

After Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) commander Émile Lahoud took office as president in November 1998, Suleiman succeeded him, taking his place in December. Suleiman was later elected President and was sworn into office on 25 May 2008.
Valdunquillo
Valdunquillo is a municipality located in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 179 inhabitants. The town's residents traditionally call themselves "lechugeros," a testament to the fact that the town had a good reputation for cultivating lettuce. Valdunquillo is adjacent to the towns La Unión de Campos, Villalogán, Bolaños de Campos, Valderas, Medina de Rioseco, and Villavicencio de los Caballeros.

Medina de Rioseco
Medina de Rioseco is a municipality located in the province of Valladolid, in the autonomous community of Castile and León and Spain. According to a 2011 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 4,967 inhabitants.

The city also has the nicknames the "City of the Admirals" and "Old India Girl."

It has an area of 115.43 square kilometres (44.6 sq mi), with a population density of 43.0 inhabitants per square kilometre (111/sq mi). It is a municipality of Tierra de Campos. The Sequillo river passes nearby.

The coat of arms shield is quartered, with two castles in gold and two horses leaning out of colored battlements on a silver background, surrounded by a wreath of laurel leaves, but no crown. It was granted by King John I of Castile.

The city lies along the road of El Camino de Santiago de Madrid.
History of Shropshire
Shropshire was established during the division of Saxon Mercia into shires in the 10th century. It is first mentioned in 1006.  After the Norman Conquest it experienced significant development, following the granting of the principal estates of the county to eminent Normans, such as Roger De Montgomery and his son Robert de Bellême.

The Coalbrookdale area of the county is designated "the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution", due to significant technological developments that happened there.

Roger de Montgomery
Roger de Montgomery (died 1094), also known as Roger the Great, was the first Earl of Shrewsbury, and Earl of Arundel, in Sussex. His father was Roger de Montgomery, seigneur of Montgomery, a member of the House of Montgomery, and was probably a grandnephew of the Duchess Gunnor, wife of Duke Richard I of Normandy, the great-grandfather of William the Conqueror. The elder Roger had large landholdings in central Normandy, chiefly in the valley of the River Dives, which the younger Roger inherited.
Obara (stew)
Obara (stew) is a Slovene national dish. It is a stew served as an independent meal, which is cooked from various kinds of meat and internal organs. It used to be served at various ceremonies, and it is a part of the traditional Slovenian cuisine. Especially good are obaras served with ajdovi žganci. Today obaras contain more vegetables.

One type of obara is dormouse stew from Inner Carniola in Slovenia. Report was made by Paolo Santonino, Cancellar of the Patriarch of Aquileia in his travel diary (1485-1487). He reports of a lunch stop in an Inner Carniola household, where the farmer's wife quickly prepared a roast dormouse for hungry archbishop. Roast dormice were also used for soups, risottos and goulashes. Dormouse hunting was not appreciated only for meat, but it also supplied the hunters with large amounts of dormouse fur. Dormouse lard was also useful for medicinal purposes. It was used for healing bruised or broken extremities, upset stomach and rheumatism.

Goulash
Goulash (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈgujaːʃlɛvɛʃ] ⓘ) is a meal made of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika and other spices. Originating in Hungary, goulash is a common meal predominantly eaten in Central Europe but also in other parts of Europe. It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country.

Its origins may be traced back as far as the 10th century to stews eaten by Hungarian shepherds. At that time, the cooked and flavoured meat was sun-dried and packed into bags produced from sheep's stomachs, needing only water to make it into a meal. Earlier versions of goulash did not include paprika, as it was not introduced to Europe until the 16th century.
Aniline Yellow
Aniline Yellow is a yellow azo dye and an aromatic amine. It is a derivative of azobenzene. It has the appearance of an orange powder. 
Aniline Yellow was the first azo dye. It was first produced in 1861 by C. Mene. The second azo dye was Bismarck Brown in 1863. Aniline Yellow was commercialized in 1864 as the first commercial azo dye, a year after aniline black. It is manufactured from aniline.

Azobenzene
Azobenzene is a photoswitchable chemical compound composed of two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond. It is the simplest example of an aryl azo compound. The term "azobenzene" or simply "azo" is often used to refer to a wide class of similar compounds. These azo compounds are considered as derivatives of diazene (diimide), and are sometimes referred to as "diazenes". The diazenes absorb light strongly and are common dyes. Different classes of azo dyes exist, most notably the ones substituted with heteroaryl rings.
Maxillary sinus
The pyramid-shaped maxillary sinus (or antrum of Highmore) is the largest of the paranasal sinuses, located in the maxilla. It drains into the middle meatus of the nose through the semilunar hiatus. It is located to the side of the nasal cavity, and below the orbit.

Alveolar process
The alveolar process (/ælˈviːələr, ˌælviˈoʊlər, ˈælviələr/) is the portion of bone containing the tooth sockets on the jaw bones (in humans, the maxilla and the mandible). The alveolar process is covered by gums within the mouth, terminating roughly along the line of the mandibular canal. Partially comprising compact bone, it is penetrated by many small openings for blood vessels and connective fibres.

The bone is of clinical, phonetic and forensic significance.
2000 Legg Mason Tennis Classic
The 2000 Legg Mason Tenis Classic was the 31st edition of the Washington Open and was played on outdoor hard courts.  The tournament was part of the International Series Gold of the 2000 ATP Tour. It was held at the William H.G. FitzGerald Tennis Center in Washington, D.C. from August 14 through August 20, 2000.

2000 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the ATP tour. The 2000 ATP Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the tennis event at the 2000 Summer Olympics, the Tennis Masters Series, the ATP International Series Gold, the ATP International Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Tennis Masters Cup and the ATP Tour World Doubles Championships. Also included in the 2000 calendar are the Davis Cup and the Hopman Cup, which do not distribute ranking points, and are both organised by the ITF.
Little Camping Island
Little Camping Island is located in the Dolphin and Union Strait, southwest of Victoria Island, in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada.

Close by are Bowers Island, Camping Island, Chantry Island, Cox Island, Douglas Island, Ivonayak Island, Lambert Island, Sweeney Island, and Teddy Bear Island, the Aiyohok Islands and Deadman Islands, as well as the North Warning System sites at Lady Franklin Point and Bernard Harbour.

Deadman Islands
The Deadman Islands are an island group located inside western Coronation Gulf, south of Victoria Island, in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. Other island groups in the vicinity include the Berens Islands, Black Berry Islands, Couper Islands, Lawford Islands, Leo Islands, and Sir Graham Moore Islands. The mouth of Asiak River is 45.7 km (28.4 mi) to the south.
Prince Alfred, Maida Vale
The Prince Alfred is a grade II* listed public house at 5a Formosa Street, Maida Vale, London, W9. It was first listed as grade II in 1970, and upgraded to grade II* in June 2022 for its lavish interior.

It was built in 1856, and retains its original snob screens. It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

The pub was featured in David Bowie's Grammy Award-winning short film "Jazzin' for Blue Jean" (1984), which served as the music video for his single "Blue Jean".

Maida Vale
Maida Vale (/ˈmeɪdə ˈveɪl/ MAY-də VAYL) is an affluent residential district in Central London, England, north of Paddington, southwest of St John's Wood and south of Kilburn, on Edgware Road. It is part of the City of Westminster and is three miles (five kilometres) northwest of Charing Cross. It has many late Victorian and Edwardian blocks of mansion flats. The area is home to the BBC Maida Vale Studios.
Scribblenauts Showdown
Scribblenauts Showdown is a 2018 party video game developed by Shiver Entertainment and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. It is the sixth and most recent installment in the Scribblenauts series and the first to not be developed by 5th Cell. Showdown sees players playing minigames against other players or CPUs.

Showdown received mixed reviews from critics, with criticism for the game's "lack of imagination" and praise the game's sandbox mode for being more alike to prior Scribblenauts games.

Party video game
A party video game is a genre of video game that stems from in-person party games, involving player-to-player interaction as the central gameplay element. These games are often defined by simple controls which can be easily picked up and understood by players of any skill level.

Party video games generally consist of short-term experiences which may be played in succession, and are sometimes characterized in the form of minigames. These experiences may be played singularly or in a group, and usually feature several players competing simultaneously.
The Final Frontier (Mad About You)
"The Final Frontier" is the name of the final episode of the American television series Mad About You prior to its 2019 revival. This special double episode serves as the 21st and 22nd episode of the seventh season. It first aired on NBC on May 24, 1999, to an audience of approximately 19.8 million households, in a 45-minute version.

Mad About You
Mad About You is an American television sitcom starring Paul Reiser and Helen Hunt as a married couple in New York City as they navigate life together. In later seasons, the couple has a daughter.

It initially aired on NBC from September 23, 1992, to May 24, 1999, winning numerous awards including four Golden Globe Awards and twelve Primetime Emmy Awards. In its final season, the show was dropped from its primetime slot, leading to a sharp decrease in viewership, and subsequently cancelled.

On March 6, 2019, a limited season 8 revival was picked up by Spectrum Originals for 12 episodes. Reiser and Hunt reprised their roles. The revival showed the couple as new empty nesters whose daughter was starting college at NYU. The events of the original series' finale, which showed the events of the next twenty years of the couple's lives, were retconned for the revival.
Wit and reason
Wit and reason is an historical English card game for two players that "seems easy at first to the learner, but in his practice and observation he will find it otherwise." It is reminiscent of thirty-one.

Charles Cotton
Charles Cotton (28 April 1630 – 16 February 1687) was an English poet and writer, best known for translating the work of Michel de Montaigne from French, for his contributions to The Compleat Angler, and for the influential The Compleat Gamester attributed to him.
Sharm El Sheikh International Airport
Sharm El Sheikh International Airport (Arabic: مطار شرم الشيخ الدولي Maṭār Sharm El Sheikh El Dawli) (IATA: SSH, ICAO: HESH) is an international airport located in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. It is the third-busiest airport in Egypt after Cairo International Airport and Hurghada International Airport and one of the busiest airports in the Middle East. Sharm el-Sheikh International Airport has two main passenger terminals, with the larger terminal, handling most international flights, and the other terminal, which is primarily used for domestic flights.

TUI Airways
TUI Airways Limited (formerly Thomson Airways Limited) is the British arm of the TUI airline group, which is owned and operated by the TUI Group. They offer scheduled and charter flights from the United Kingdom and Ireland to destinations in Europe, Africa, Asia and North America.

The airline is the fourth largest UK airline by total passengers carried, after EasyJet, British Airways and Jet2.com. It is also the world's tenth largest airline by number of route pairings served. TUI Airways holds a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Type A Operating Licence permitting it to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats. Its head office and registered office is Wigmore House in Luton, Bedfordshire.
French Chaser
The French Chaser, French: Autre Que Pur-Sang or AQPS, is a French breed of racehorse bred specifically for its jumping ability in steeplechase and cross-country racing.

It originates from warmblood horses bred principally for military use in the nineteenth century. It was officially recognised as a breed in 2005, and a stud-book was started in that year: 154 : 148  or in 2006.: 9  Only horses with at least 87.5%, but less than 100%, Thoroughbred blood are eligible for registration. Out-crossing with Thoroughbred, Anglo-Arab and Selle Français stock is permitted.

Warmblood
Warmbloods are a group of middle-weight horse types and breeds primarily originating in Europe and registered with organizations that are characterized by open studbook policy, studbook selection, and the aim of breeding for equestrian sport.
Composite rules shinty–hurling
Composite rules shinty–hurling (Irish: Comhrialacha camanachd-iománaíocht) – sometimes known simply as shinty–hurling – is a hybrid sport of the traditional Gaelic games of shinty and hurling which was developed to facilitate international matches between the two sports.

Shinty–hurling is one of few team sports in the world without any dedicated clubs or leagues. It is currently played by both men's and women's teams only in tournaments or once-off internationals. The women's form of the game is called shinty/camogie.

Team sport
A team sport is a type of sport where the fundamental nature of the game or sport requires the participation of multiple individuals working together as a team, and it is inherently impossible or highly impractical to execute the sport as a single-player endeavour. In team sports, the cooperative effort of team members is essential for the sport to function and achieve its objectives. The objective often involves teammates facilitating the movement of a ball or similar bob in accordance with a set of rules in order to score points. Examples are basketball, volleyball, rugby league, rugby union, water polo, handball, lacrosse, cricket, baseball, and the various forms of football and hockey. These sports emphasize teamwork, strategy, and coordination among team members while competing against opposing teams to achieve a common goal. Team sports do not include individual or individual-to-team events within a sport.