hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sigmatropic reaction
In organic chemistry, a sigmatropic reaction (from Greek  τρόπος (trópos) 'turn') is a pericyclic reaction wherein the net result is one sigma bond (σ-bond) is changed to another σ-bond in an intramolecular reaction.: 610  In this type of rearrangement reaction, a substituent moves from one part of a π-system to another part with simultaneous rearrangement of the π-system. True sigmatropic reactions are usually uncatalyzed, although Lewis acid catalysis is possible. Sigmatropic reactions often have transition-metal catalysts that form intermediates in analogous reactions. The most well-known of the sigmatropic rearrangements are the [3,3] Cope rearrangement, Claisen rearrangement, Carroll rearrangement, and the Fischer indole synthesis.

Carroll rearrangement
The Carroll rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction in organic chemistry and involves the transformation of a β-keto allyl ester into a α-allyl-β-ketocarboxylic acid. This organic reaction is accompanied by decarboxylation and the final product is a γ,δ-allylketone. The Carroll rearrangement is an adaptation of the Claisen rearrangement and effectively a decarboxylative allylation.

The Carroll rearrangement (1940) in the presence of base and with high reaction temperature (path A) takes place through an intermediate enol which then rearranges in a sigmatropic Claisen rearrangement. The follow-up is a decarboxylation. This rearrangement is used in the conversion of linalool to geranylacetone.
Ömer İzgi
Ömer İzgi (born 1 January 1940) is a former Turkish politician and lawyer who served as the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from 2000 to 2002. He was a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Konya between 1999 and 2002 from the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), but lost his seat in the 2002 general election.

Speaker of the Grand National Assembly
This article lists the speakers of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The name of the parliament of Turkey, originally and currently the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi) since its establishment on 23 April 1920, has for short periods been changed.

A Senate also existed besides the National Assembly between 1960 and 1980.
Epilepsy-intellectual disability in females
Epilepsy-intellectual disability in females also known as PCDH19 gene-related epilepsy or epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 9 (EIEE9), is a rare type of epilepsy that affects predominantly females and is characterized by clusters of brief seizures, which start in infancy or early childhood, and is occasionally accompanied by varying degrees of cognitive impairment. The striking pattern of onset seizures at a young age, genetic testing and laboratory results, potential developmental delays or developmental regression and associated disorders, eases diagnosis.

The National Institutes of Health Office and Rare Disease Research characterizes PCDH19 gene-related epilepsy as a rare disorder. Although formal epidemiologic data is not available, results from diagnostic screenings indicate that approximately 1 out of 10 girls who have seizure onset before five years of age may have PCDH19 mutations.

Dravet syndrome
Dravet syndrome (DS), previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder which causes a catastrophic form of epilepsy, with prolonged seizures that are often triggered by hot temperatures or fever. It is very difficult to treat with anticonvulsant medications. It often begins before one year of age, with six months being the age that seizures, char­ac­ter­ized by prolonged convulsions and triggered by fever, usually begin.

Prolonged seizures in the first year of life are the most indicative physical manifestation of DS. DS is diagnosed clinically, and genetic testing is recommended if there is any doubt. Due to drug-refractory epilepsy in DS, many other therapies are being explored to prolong the life expectancy of patients.
Warsaw Shore series 11
The eleventh series of Warsaw Shore, a Polish television programme based in Warsaw, Poland was announced on 14 January 2019., and began airing on 24 March 2019. Ahead of the series it was announced that four new cast members had joined the series, including Anastasiya Yandaltsava, Damian Graf, Ewa Piekut and Kasjusz "Don Kasjo" Życiński. Damian Graf previously appeared on the second series of Ex on the Beach Poland. However, Anastasiya, Ewa and Kasjusz "Don Kasjo" previously appeared on the fourth series of the show. It will also be the first series not to include Marcin "Brzydal" Maruszak after he quit the show. The series also featured the brief return of Aleksandra Smoleń.

Warsaw Shore
Warsaw Shore or Warsaw Shore: Ekipa z Warszawy is a Polish reality television series broadcast on MTV Poland. Based in Warsaw, it was first broadcast on 10 November 2013, and is the Polish spin-off of the American show Jersey Shore.

On June 11, 2025 MTV confirmed that the show has ended after twenty-one seasons and will not be continued. The series’ final episode aired on December 22, 2024. 267 episodes were produced.
2006 Mountain West Conference baseball tournament
The 2006 Mountain West Conference baseball tournament took place from May 23 through 27. All seven of the league's teams met in the double-elimination tournament held at University of Nevada, Las Vegas's Earl Wilson Stadium. In their first year in the league, top seeded TCU won their first Mountain West Conference Baseball Championship with a championship game score of 9–6 and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2006 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Mountain West Conference baseball tournament
The Mountain West Conference baseball tournament is the conference championship tournament in baseball for the Mountain West Conference. The winner of the tournament receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I baseball tournament.
2020 British Champions Series
The 2020 British Champions Series, sponsored by QIPCO, was the 10th edition of the horse racing series comprising 35 of the UK's top flat races.

The series was scheduled to begin with the 2,000 Guineas at Newmarket on 2 May, however the Guineas Festival was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the 2,000 and 1,000 Guineas races postponed until 6 and 7 June, respectively. The series began with the Coronation Cup at Newmarket (moved from Epsom) on 5 June. The Epsom Derby and Oaks, scheduled to be held in early June, were postponed until July. The Lockinge Stakes at Newbury was cancelled.

The series concluded with British Champions Day at Ascot on 17 October.

British Champions Day
British Champions Day is a thoroughbred horse race meeting held at Ascot Racecourse in October each year since 2011, which acts as the end of season highlight fixture of British flat racing.  Until 2024 it was the culmination of the British Champions Series and featured the finals of the five divisions of the series, together with a valuable one-mile handicap race. It is the richest day in British racing, with more than £4 million in prize money across the six races in 2016.
Aviaport, Kobyaysky District, Sakha Republic
Aviaport (Russian: Авиапорт) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of three settlements in Sangar Urban Okrug of Kobyaysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Sangar, the administrative center of the Urban Okrug and Smorodichny. It is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) from Sangar, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 371.

Sangar, Sakha Republic
Sangar (Russian: Санга́р; Yakut: Сангаар, romanized: Sangaar) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Kobyaysky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia.  As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,377.
Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Macedonia was represented at the qualifying round for the Eurovision Song Contest 1996, with the song "Samo ti", written and performed by Kaliopi. The Macedonian participating broadcaster, Macedonian Radio Television (MRT), selected its entry through Skopje Fest 1996. The entry, which would have been the first-ever entry from independent Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest, failed to make it through the pre-selection round.

Skopje Fest
Skopje Fest (Macedonian: Скопје фест), officially Festival na zabavni melodii Skopje (Фестивал на забавни мелодии Скопје, 'Festival of entertaining melodies of Skopje'), is one of the main musical events in North Macedonia, and formerly in Yugoslavia. The show, organized by national broadcaster Macedonian Radio Television (MRT), involves some of North Macedonia's most popular performers, singing original tracks usually accompanied by the orchestra of MRT (excluding some of its latest editions).
Maindy Centre
Maindy Centre (Welsh: Canolfan Maendy, formerly known as Maindy Stadium, now also known as Maindy Pool and Cycle Track) is a velodrome and indoor swimming pool facility in the Maindy area of Cardiff, Wales. The velodrome was used in the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games and the swimming pool was opened in 1993.

Maindy Stadium opened in 1951. The stadium has previously had an athletics running track, which was transferred from Cardiff Arms Park after the British Empire and Commonwealth Games. It became Cardiff's main athletics stadium until the Cardiff Athletics Stadium was opened in 1989. The stadium has also been used for boxing and Welsh baseball.

Cardiff Athletics Stadium
The Cardiff Athletics Stadium (also known as Leckwith Athletics Stadium) was an  athletics  and football stadium in Cardiff, Wales. It opened in 1989 and was demolished in 2007, replaced by the Cardiff International Sports Stadium.

The Cardiff Grange Quins of the Welsh Football League and the Cardiff City F.C. reserve and ladies teams used the available facilities. The athletics track had a synthetic surface measuring 400 metres with 8 circular lanes and 10 straight lanes. It had been open to the public, seating 2,613 (covered) with changing rooms and all-weather floodlights.
Services of Supply, American Expeditionary Forces
The Services of Supply (S. O. S.) was the support chain of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, England, Italy and the Netherlands during World War I. It was disbanded on August 31, 1919, in France.

United States Army Central
The United States Army Central, formerly the Third United States Army, commonly referred to as the Third Army and as ARCENT, is a military formation of the United States Army that saw service in World War I and World War II, in the 1991 Gulf War, and in the coalition occupation of Iraq. It is best known for its campaigns in World War II under the command of General George S. Patton.

The Third Army is headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina with a forward element at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. It serves as the echelon above corps for the Army component of CENTCOM, whose area of responsibility (AOR) includes Southwest Asia, around 20 countries of the world, in Africa, Asia, and the Persian Gulf.
São Conrado Station
São Conrado is a station on Line 4 of the Rio de Janeiro Metro, located in the São Conrado neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was inaugurated on 30 July 2016. The station is located between the Jardim Oceânico/Barra da Tijuca station and the Antero de Quental Station.

Line 4 (Rio de Janeiro)
Line 4 (Yellow) of the Rio de Janeiro Metro is the third metro line built in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was completed on 30 July 2016, connecting the Barra da Tijuca neighbourhood in the West Zone, passing under São Conrado and Rocinha, to Ipanema in the South Zone. All stations are underground, but when arriving in Barra da Tijuca, trains exit a tunnel, pass briefly by an elevated bridge and go underground again.

At first, the line was only open to those with a ticket to events of the 2016 Summer Olympics and members of the Olympic Family. It later opened to the general public, in September 2016.

There were six exclusive stations planned for Line 4: Jardim Oceânico, São Conrado, Gávea, Antero de Quental, Jardim de Alah and Nossa Senhora da Paz. However, as of April 2023, Gávea Station remains incomplete, and is the only planned station for Line 4 that hasn't yet become operational.
Punk Goes 80's
Punk Goes 80's is the fourth in album in the Punk Goes... series created by Fearless Records. It contains covers of songs that were popular in the 1980s covered by various alternative rock, and pop punk bands. This is also the first album to feature the song "Your Love" by The Outfield being covered by the band Midtown. The song would later appear again on the compilation Punk Goes Classic Rock being covered then by electronicore band I See Stars.

Punk Goes...
Punk Goes... is a series of albums released by Fearless Records in which punk rock bands perform covers of songs from other genres. As of 2019, the series consists of nineteen compilation albums.

Though predominantly a series of cover albums, Punk Goes Acoustic, Punk Goes Acoustic 2, and Punk Goes Acoustic Vol. 3 deviate from this theme, featuring acoustic versions of original songs by the featured bands. 2013's Punk Goes Christmas and 2015 rerelease of Punk Goes Christmas titled Punk Goes Christmas: Deluxe Edition  features a mix of both Christmas-themed original songs and covers. Similarly, the series' first installment, 2000's Punk Goes Metal, consists of covers, with the exception of "Why Rock?" performed by The Aquabats, which was an original song credited to a fictitious band called "Leather Pyrate".
Beguines and Beghards
The Beguines (/beɪˈɡiːnz, ˈbɛɡiːnz/) and the Beghards (/ˈbɛɡərdz, bəˈɡɑːrdz/) were Christian lay religious orders that were active in Western Europe, particularly in the Low Countries, in the 13th–16th centuries. Their members lived in semi-monastic communities but did not take formal religious vows. Although they promised not to marry "as long as they lived as Beguines", to quote an early Rule of Life, they were free to leave at any time. Beguines were part of a larger spiritual revival movement of the 13th century that stressed imitation of Jesus' life through voluntary poverty, care of the poor and sick, and religious devotion.

Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
Cyclopædia: or, an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences is a British encyclopedia prepared by Ephraim Chambers and first published in 1728. Six more editions appeared between 1728 and 1751, and there was a Supplement in 1753. The Cyclopædia was one of the first general encyclopedias produced in English.
1987 Tour de France
The 1987 Tour de France was the 74th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 1 to 26 July. It had 25 stages over 4,231 km (2,629 mi). It was the closest three-way finish in the Tour until the 2007 Tour de France, among the closest overall races in Tour history and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th place riders each wore the Yellow jersey at some point during the race. It was won by Stephen Roche, the first and so far only Irishman to do so.

The winner of the 1986 Tour de France, Greg LeMond was unable to defend his title following a shooting accident in April.

Following Stage 1, Poland's Lech Piasecki became the first rider from the Eastern Bloc to lead the Tour de France. He was one of eight different men to wear yellow, a new record for the Tour.

Col du Galibier
The Col du Galibier (el. 2,642 metres (8,668 ft)) is a mountain pass in the southern region of the French Dauphiné Alps near Grenoble. It is the eighth highest paved road in the Alps, and recurrently the highest point of the Tour de France.

It connects Saint-Michel-de-Maurienne and Briançon via the col du Télégraphe and the Col du Lautaret. The pass is closed during the winter. It is located between the massif d'Arvan-Villards and the massif des Cerces, taking its name from the secondary chain of mountains known as the Galibier.

Before 1976, the tunnel was the only point of passage at the top, at an altitude of 2556 m. The tunnel was closed for restoration until 2002, and a new road was constructed over the summit. The re-opened tunnel is a single lane controlled by traffic lights, which are among the highest such installations in Europe.
LSWR G16 class
The LSWR G16 class was a class of steam tank locomotives with a 4-8-0T wheel arrangement. It was designed by Robert Urie and introduced in 1921 specifically for heavy shunting over humps at Feltham marshalling yard, on the London and South Western Railway (LSWR). They were based upon Urie's previous S15 class freight design, and apart from several periods of operating elsewhere on the LSWR and Southern railway network, they remained at Feltham for most of their operational careers.

Harold Holcroft
Harold Holcroft (12 February 1882 – 15 February 1973) was an English railway and mechanical engineer who worked for the Great Western Railway (GWR), the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SECR) and the Southern Railway (SR).

At the GWR, Holcroft helped the Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME), George Jackson Churchward, design the 4300 class 2-6-0 Moguls, and took the design principles for this class of locomotive with him when he moved to the SECR. Here, he worked as Assistant to Richard Maunsell and was involved with the design of the Maunsell Moguls, transferring to the Southern Railway when it was created by the amalgamation of the SECR with other railways at Grouping in 1923. After Maunsell's retirement in 1937, Holcroft continued to work for the Southern Railway under Oliver Bulleid until his retirement in 1946.
Great British Energy
Great British Energy (GBE) is a publicly owned energy investment company in the United Kingdom. It was established by the Great British Energy Act 2025, which received royal assent on 15 May 2025, and is sponsored by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. GBE invests in and co-develops clean energy and energy storage projects, and supports community energy and related supply chains. It is headquartered in Aberdeen, Scotland.

According to government publications, GBE and Great British Energy – Nuclear are backed with up to £8.3 billion during the Parliament elected in 2024. Early activity has included a partnership with The Crown Estate on clean energy infrastructure.

Ofgem
The Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) is the government regulator for the electricity and downstream natural gas markets in Great Britain. It was formed by the merger of the Office of Electricity Regulation (OFFER) and Office of Gas Supply (Ofgas).

Ofgem's governing body is the Gas and Electricity Markets Authority (GEMA), which is also referred to as the Ofgem board.
1997 Speedway Grand Prix of Poland
The 1997 Speedway Grand Prix of Poland was the fifth race of the 1997 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 30 August in the Olympic Stadium in Wrocław, Poland It was the third Polish SGP and was won by American rider Greg Hancock. It was the third win of his career.

1997 Speedway Grand Prix
The 1997 Speedway Grand Prix was the 52nd edition of the official World Championship. It was the third season in the Speedway Grand Prix era used to determine the Speedway World Champion.

Greg Hancock from the United States became the World Champion with 118 points beating fellow American Billy Hamill into second place. The bronze medal went to Pole Tomasz Gollob.
2021 Charlottesville Men's Pro Challenger
The 2021 Jonathan Fried Pro Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour, taking place in Charlottesville, United States from November 1 to 7, 2021.

Charlottesville Men's Pro Challenger
The Jonathan Fried Pro Challenger (previously Charlottesville Men's Pro Challenger) is a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and held annually in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, since 2009.
2013 Landskrona BoIS season
The 2013 season was Landskrona BoIS's 98th in existence, their 51st season in the second highest division, their 10th season in Superettan and their 8th consecutive season in the league. They competed in Superettan and Svenska Cupen. The season began with the group stage of Svenska Cupen in March, and league play started in April and lasted until November. Jörgen Pettersson replaced Henrik Larsson as manager in December 2012, and Georg "Rossi" Eterovic replaced Hans Eklund as assistant manager. The captain this season was Linus Malmqvist, with Fredrik Svanbäck as vice captain.

Hans Eklund
Hans Patrik Eklund (born 16 April 1969) is a Swedish football manager, and former football player. In his active career, Eklund played seven games for the Sweden men's national football team and was the 1992 Allsvenskan top scorer.
Banteay Srei
Banteay Srei (Khmer: បន្ទាយស្រី [ɓɑntiəj srəj]) is a 10th century CE Cambodian temple dedicated to the Hindu gods Shiva and Parvati. Located in the area of Angkor, it lies near the hill of Phnom Dei, 25 km (16 mi) north-east of the main group of temples that once belonged to the medieval capitals of Yaśodharapura and Angkor Thom. Banteay Srei is built largely of red sandstone, a medium that lends itself to the elaborate decorative wall carvings which are still observable today. The buildings themselves are miniature in scale, unusually so when measured by the standards of Angkorian construction. These factors have made the temple extremely popular with tourists, and have led to its being widely praised as the jewel of Khmer art.

Angkor Thom
Angkor Thom (Khmer: អង្គរធំ [ʔɑŋkɔː tʰom]; meaning "Great City"), alternatively Nokor Thom (Khmer: នគរធំ [nɔkɔː tʰom]), located in present-day Cambodia, was the last and most enduring capital city of the Khmer Empire. It was established in the late twelfth century by King Jayavarman VII.: 378–382 : 170  It covers an area of 9 km², within which are located several monuments from earlier eras as well as those established by Jayavarman and his successors. At the centre of the city is Jayavarman's state temple, the Bayon, with the other major sites clustered around the Victory Square immediately to the north. The site is one of the major tourist attractions of Southeast Asia.
Tinted Windows (band)
Tinted Windows were an American rock supergroup formed by guitarist James Iha of The Smashing Pumpkins, singer Taylor Hanson of Hanson, bassist Adam Schlesinger of Fountains of Wayne and Ivy, and drummer Bun E. Carlos of Cheap Trick. The band issued one album in 2009, and performed live in 2009 and 2010.  Josh Lattanzi of The Lemonheads performed with the band as the second guitarist.

Fountains of Wayne
Fountains of Wayne is an American rock band that formed in New York City in 1995. The band's lineup for the majority of its career was founding members Chris Collingwood and Adam Schlesinger, with Jody Porter and Brian Young who joined after the band's first album. The band, best known for the Grammy-nominated song "Stacy's Mom," released six albums from 1996 to 2011 before effectively disbanding in 2013.

Schlesinger died of complications from COVID-19 on April 1, 2020. The surviving members of Fountains of Wayne played an online benefit concert that month as a tribute to Schlesinger, and reunited again for shows in 2025.
2011 Bulgarian local elections
Local elections were held in all municipalities in Bulgaria on 23 October 2011 (first round) and on 30 October 2011 (second round). Voters elected municipal mayors, village mayors and members of municipal councils of 265 municipalities. They were held alongside the 2011 presidential election.

2011 Bulgarian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Bulgaria on 23 October 2011, with a runoff held on 30 October 2011. Incumbent president Georgi Parvanov was not eligible for re-election; the Constitution of Bulgaria limits a president to two terms. No candidate won outright in the first round, resulting in a runoff between the eventual winner, Rosen Plevneliev of GERB, and Ivaylo Kalfin of the Bulgarian Socialist Party.