hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elias R. Wightman
Elias R. Wightman or Elias D. Wightman (early 1792 – October 26, 1841) was one of the Old Three Hundred Texas colonists, having moved there in 1824. He was often employed as a surveyor for Stephen F. Austin's colony.

Old Three Hundred
The "Old Three Hundred" were 297 grantees who purchased 307 parcels of land from Stephen Fuller Austin in Mexican Texas. Each grantee was head of a household, or in some cases, a partnership of unmarried men. Austin was an American approved in 1822 by Mexico as an empresario for this effort, after the nation had gained independence from Spain. By 1825,  the colony had a population of 1,790, including 443 enslaved African Americans. Because the Americans believed they needed enslaved workers, Austin negotiated with the Mexican government to gain approval, as the new nation was opposed to slavery. Mexico abolished it in 1829.

The colony encompassed an area that ran from the Gulf of Mexico on the south, to near present-day Jones Creek in Brazoria County, Brenham in Washington County, Navasota in Grimes County, and La Grange in Fayette County. It was the first authorized colony of Anglo-American settlers and enslaved African Americans in Mexico.
SDSS J1106+1939
SDSS J1106+1939 (SDSS J110644.95+193930.6) is a quasar, notable for its energetic matter outflow. It is the record holder for the most powerful matter outflow by a quasar. The engine is a supermassive black hole, pulling in matter at the rate of 400 solar masses per year and ejecting it at the speed of 8000 km/s. The outflow produces a luminosity of 1046  ergs. This makes the quasar more than two trillion times brighter than the Sun, one of the most luminous quasars on record. The quasar has the visual magnitude of about ~19, despite its extreme distance of 11 billion light years. The outflow of matter from the quasar produces about 1/20 of its luminosity.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
PSINet
PSINet, formerly Performance Systems International, was an American internet service provider based in Northern Virginia. As one of the first commercial Internet service providers (ISPs), it was involved in the commercialization of the Internet until the company's bankruptcy in 2001 during the dot-com bubble and acquisition by Cogent Communications in 2002.

It was founded on December 5, 1989, and 
began offering services, including limited for-profit access to the Internet, on January 1, 1990, becoming one of the first companies to sell Internet connectivity.

UUNET
UUNET Technologies, Inc., formerly UUNET Communications Services, was an American commercial Internet service provider. Founded in 1987, it was one of the first and largest commercial ISPs and one of the early Tier 1 networks.  It was based in Northern Virginia.  Today, UUNET is an internal brand of Verizon Business (formerly MCI).
Wilhelmina Slater
Wilhelmina Vivian Slater (born Wanda Slater) is a fictional character in the American dramedy series Ugly Betty. She is played by Vanessa Williams, who received a supporting actress award at the 2007 and 2008 NAACP Image Awards, a Best TV Villain award at the 2007 Teen Choice Awards and a supporting actress nomination at the 59th, 60th, and 61st Primetime Emmy Awards for her portrayal of the character. Her name is similar to Wilhelmina Cooper, a successful model who eventually established her own modeling company in the 1960s. In June 2010, Entertainment Weekly named her one of the 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years. In July 2012, she was on the #25 list of TV's Greatest Villains of All Time.

Ugly Betty season 2
The second season of the American comedy-drama television series Ugly Betty started on September 27, 2007, in the United States and Canada, while the second part of the season began airing on April 24, 2008.

The season was originally set to include minimum 20 episodes, but due to the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, it was shortened to 18 episodes.

Season 2 was the last to be produced in Los Angeles as the show returned to New York City, where the pilot episode had been shot, for seasons 3 and 4.
Eddie Brunner
Eduard "Eddie" Brunner (July 19, 1912, Zürich – July 18, 1960, Zürich) was a Swiss jazz reedist and bandleader.

Brunner learned to play clarinet, piano, and tenor and alto saxophone, and began playing professionally in the early 1930s with Rene Dumont, Jack and Louis de Vries, and Marek Weber. In 1936 he moved to Paris and recorded under his own name as well as with the Goldene Sieben and Louis Bacon; he moved back to Switzerland once the war had begun. He joined Teddy Stauffer's band, and in 1941 took over leadership of the group until 1947, when it dissolved. He led a new six-piece ensemble in 1948, and recorded for radio and television broadcasts in the 1950s.

Teddy Stauffer
Ernst Heinrich "Teddy" Stauffer (2 May 1909 – 27 August 1991) was a Swiss bandleader, musician, actor, nightclub owner, and restaurateur. He was dubbed Germany's "swing-king" of the 1930s. He formed the band known as the Teddies (also known as the Original Teddies or the International Teddies), which continued after he left in 1941.
Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation
Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation (French: Francis Bacon: Logique de la sensation) is a 1981 book by philosopher Gilles Deleuze, analyzing the work of twentieth-century British figurative painter Francis Bacon. In this biography, Deleuze discusses aesthetics, objects of perception ('percepts'), and sensation.

While The Logic of Sensation is sometimes viewed as a work of art history, Deleuze's wrote that the primary motivation for creating the work was to explore the philosophy of art. He also sought to explore the conceptualization of art beyond the representation of an image. The text was translated into English by Daniel W. Smith in 2003.

A Thousand Plateaus
A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia (French: Mille plateaux) is a 1980 book by the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze and the French psychoanalyst Félix Guattari. It is the second and final volume of their collaborative work Capitalism and Schizophrenia. While the first volume, Anti-Oedipus (1972), was a critique of contemporary uses of psychoanalysis and Marxism, A Thousand Plateaus was developed as an experimental work of philosophy covering a far wider range of topics, serving as a "positive exercise" in what Deleuze and Guattari refer to as rhizomatic thought.
Tirinyi–Pallisa–Kamonkoli–Kumi Road
The Tirinyi–Pallisa–Kamonkoli–Kumi Road is a road in the Eastern Region of Uganda, connecting the towns of Tirinyi in Kibuku District, Pallisa in Pallisa District, Kamonkoli in Budaka District, and Kumi in Kumi District.

Pallisa District
Pallisa District is a district in Eastern Uganda which was carved out of Tororo district in 1991. Like most other Ugandan districts, it is named after its main town, Pallisa, where the district headquarters are located.
Arrondissements of the Saône-et-Loire department
The 5 arrondissements of the Saône-et-Loire department are:

Arrondissement of Autun, (subprefecture: Autun) with 89 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 125,896 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saône, (subprefecture: Chalon-sur-Saône) with 142 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 155,905 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Charolles, (subprefecture: Charolles) with 126 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 85,124 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Louhans, (subprefecture: Louhans) with 88 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 67,238 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Mâcon, (prefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department: Mâcon) with 119 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 115,125 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saône
The arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saône is an arrondissement of France in the Saône-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It has 141 communes. Its population is 155,905 (2021), and its area is 1,484.5 km2 (573.2 sq mi).
Visions of the Daughters of Albion
Visions of the Daughters of Albion is a 1793 poem by William Blake, produced as a book with his own illustrations. The edition was very small, and copies have been individually traced. It is a short and early example of his prophetic books, and a sequel of sorts to The Book of Thel.

The Book of Thel
The Book of Thel is a poem by William Blake, dated 1789 and probably composed in the period 1788 to 1790. It is illustrated by his own plates, and compared to his later prophetic books is relatively short and easier to understand. The metre is a fourteen-syllable line. It was preceded by Tiriel, which Blake left in manuscript. A few lines from Tiriel were incorporated into The Book of Thel. Most of the poem is in unrhymed verse.

This book consists of eight plates executed in illuminated printing. Sixteen copies of the original print of 1789–1793 are known. Three copies bearing a watermark of 1815 are more elaborately colored than the others.
2003 Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s
The 2003 Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s was the fifth year that the Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s tournament was held and was the first year that teams from Africa (Kenya, Morocco and the Arabian Gulf) and Oceania (Australia, New Zealand and the Cook Islands) participated.
Kenya defeated Portugal 16 points to 12 in the Cup final, with Arabian Gulf winning the Bowl and host nation, Sri Lanka, winning the Plate.

Sri Lanka Sevens
The Sri Lanka Sevens is an annual international rugby sevens tournament held in Sri Lanka. Sponsored by telecommunications provider Dialog, the event has been part of the Asian Sevens Series since 2015. It was founded in 1999 as the Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s.

For ten seasons from 1999 to 2008, the tournament was hosted by the Kandy Sports Club at the Bogambara Stadium in Kandy. National men's teams from Asia and Europe were regular competitors. The event moved to Colombo for the 2009 and 2010 seasons after the Sri Lanka Rugby Football Union formed a partnership with the Tharunyata Hetak youth organisation to organise the Sri Lanka Sevens tournament.

The international team format was replaced in 2011 by the Carlton Super Sevens series, a competition featuring ten domestic Sri Lankan franchises. After four seasons the international format was re-established for 2015 with the Dialog Sri Lanka Sevens, held in Colombo.
Agrionympha vari
Agrionympha vari is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by Paul Whalley in 1978. It is found in South Africa, where it is known only from the Mariepskop in the Mpumalanga Province.

The length of the forewings is about 3.5 mm for females.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women
The first Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women was held in New York City on May 9–12, 1837, to discuss the American abolition movement, with two conventions in 1838 and 1839 following. The 1837 gathering represented the first time that women from such a broad geographic area met with the common purpose of promoting the anti-slavery cause among women, and it also was likely the first major convention where women discussed women's rights. Some prominent women went on to be vocal members of the Women's Suffrage Movement, including Lucretia Mott, the Grimké sisters, and Lydia Maria Child.

Sarah Moore Grimké
Sarah Moore Grimké (November 26, 1792 – December 23, 1873) was an American abolitionist and feminist, widely held to be the mother of the women's suffrage movement.: xxi  Born and reared in South Carolina to a prominent and wealthy planter family, she moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the 1820s and became a Quaker, as did her younger sister Angelina. The sisters began to speak on the abolitionist lecture circuit, joining a tradition of women who had been speaking in public on political issues since colonial days, including Susanna Wright, Hannah Griffitts, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Anna Dickinson. They recounted their knowledge of slavery firsthand, urged abolition, and also became activists for women's rights.
Tashi Group
The Tashi Group of Companies is the largest privately owned conglomerate of companies in Bhutan.

It was founded in 1959 in Phuentsholing, Bhutan.

Tashi Group has over 40 subsidiaries including Tashi Air (Bhutan Airlines), Tashi Infocomm, T-Bank, Druk School, etc. Tashi Group, the largest private company in Bhutan, operates a chemical plant, a ferrosilicon plant and a soft drinks bottling factory.

Phuntsholing
Phuntsholing, also spelled as Phuentsholing (Dzongkha: ཕུན་ཚོགས་གླིང་), is a border town in southern Bhutan and is the administrative seat of Chukha District. The town occupies parts of both Phuentsholing Gewog and Sampheling Gewog.

Phuentsholing adjoins the Indian town of Jaigaon, and cross-border trade has resulted in a thriving local economy. The town previously hosted the headquarters of the Bank of Bhutan before they were shifted to Thimphu. In 2017, Phuentsholing had a population of 27,658.
Flosta
Flosta is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The 22.8-square-kilometre (8.8 sq mi) municipality existed from 1902 until its dissolution in 1962. It is currently part of the municipality of Arendal in Agder county.  The administrative center of Flosta was at Staubø in the village of Kilsund. The municipality primarily encompassed the two islands of Flostaøya and Tverrdalsøya and about 9 square kilometres (3.5 sq mi) on the mainland just north of the islands including the villages of Eikeland, Borås, and Vatnebu.

Vatnebu
Vatnebu is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the mainland near the Skaggerak coast, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) southwest of the village of Kilsund on the nearby island of Tverrdalsøya and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northeast of the village of Eydehavn.
Ainu languages
The Ainu languages (/ˈaɪnuː/ EYE-noo), sometimes known as Ainuic, is a small language family, often regarded as a language family isolate, historically spoken by the Ainu people of northern Japan and neighboring islands, up to the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula.

The primary varieties of Ainu are alternately considered a group of closely related languages or divergent dialects of a single language isolate. Toponymic evidence suggests Ainu was once spoken in northern Honshu and that much of the historically attested extent of the family was due to a relatively recent expansion northward. No genealogical relationship between Ainu and any other language family has been demonstrated, despite numerous attempts.

Kuril Ainu was declared extinct in 1962, Sakhalin Ainu in 1994, and Hokkaido Ainu sometime before 2017. A revitalization effort is currently ongoing for the Hokkaido Ainu language.

Bronisław Piłsudski
Bronisław Piotr Piłsudski (Polish: [brɔˈɲiswaf piwˈsut͡skʲi]; 2 November 1866 – 17 May 1918) was a Polish ethnologist who researched the Ainu people after he was exiled by Tsar Alexander III of Russia to the Far East.

Piłsudski considered himself Polish, Lithuanian, and Samogitian. Thus some sources identify him as Polish, others as Lithuanian.

In addition to the Ainu, he conducted research on the Orork and Nivkh indigenous peoples of Sakhalin Island. He pioneered Ainu language research in the late 19th century, laying the groundwork for future studies.

Piłsudski pioneered research into Lithuanian cross crafting.
2011–12 Cornwall Hockey Association Plate
The 2011–12 Cornwall Hockey Association Plate was 2011–12 season of the Cornwall Hockey Association Plate known as the Cornwall Plate or CHA Plate.  The Plate is the secondary knock-out competition organised by the Cornwall Hockey Association and was contested by senior male and female hockey teams in the county of Cornwall who had been eliminated from the 2011–12 Cornwall Hockey Association Cup in (or prior to) Round 1.

Eighteen teams had competed in the competition (a reduction of one compared to the 2010–11 competition) and began Sunday 18 December 2011 with the Ladies' Plate Round 1. The competition culminated with the Ladies' Plate Final on Sunday 15 April 2012 at Penzance HC. St. Austell HC (1st XI) and Truro HC (1st XI) are the respective holders of the Men's and Ladies' Plates.

Cornwall Hockey Association Plate
The Cornwall Hockey Association Plate, commonly referred to as the Cornwall Plate or simply The Plate, is a knockout cup competition in Field Hockey for clubs based in Cornwall.  The competition is the second-tier knockout competition run by the Cornwall Hockey Association, and is contested by clubs who are eliminated from the Cornwall Hockey Association Knockout Cup in the early stages of that competition. The competition is contested by both male and female hockey teams within the county of Cornwall.

As of the 2017–18, the competitions included are the Men's Plate and Women's Plate, the reigning champions are Truro 2nd XI and Caradon 2nd XI respectively.
Clibanarius
Clibanarius is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes C. fonticola, the only known hermit crab species that spends all its life in freshwater. The feeding rates of Clibanarius species change with temperature which, given their broad distributions, may have considerable consequences for the stability reef systems as sea temperatures rise in the future.

They are omnivores, but mostly prey on small animals and scavenge carrion.

Clibanarius fonticola
Clibanarius fonticola is a species of hermit crab from Vanuatu. It lives exclusively in fresh water, the only hermit crab in the world to do so. While a number of other hermit crabs are terrestrial or live in estuarine habitats, and certain brackish water species can tolerate low salinity levels for a time, no other hermit crab spends its entire life in fresh water; the only other fully freshwater anomurans are the South American aeglids.

Clibanarius fonticola lives on the island of Espiritu Santo, in a pool fed by springs near the village of Matevulu, close to an abandoned airstrip. Adults of this species all use shells of Clithon corona.
Regulation of electronic cigarettes
Regulation of electronic cigarettes varies across countries and states, ranging from no regulation to banning them entirely. As of 2015, around two thirds of major nations have regulated e-cigarettes in some way. A 2023 report by the World Health Organization (WHO) found that 34 countries had banned the sale of e-cigarettes.

Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act
The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, (Pub. L. 111–31 (text) (PDF), H.R. 1256) is a federal statute in the United States that was signed into law by President Barack Obama on June 22, 2009. The Act gives the Food and Drug Administration the power to regulate the tobacco industry. A signature element of the law imposes new warnings and labels on tobacco packaging and their advertisements, with the goal of discouraging minors and young adults from smoking. The Act also bans flavored cigarettes, places limits on the advertising of tobacco products to minors and requires tobacco companies to seek FDA approval for new tobacco products.
Gmina Ułęż
Gmina Ułęż is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ryki County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Ułęż, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Ryki and 51 km (32 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 83.56 square kilometres (32.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,572.

Ryki
Ryki [ˈrɨkʲi] is a town in the Lublin Voivodeship in eastern Poland, capital of Ryki County. It has 9,767 inhabitants (as of 2007). It is situated between Warsaw and Lublin. Ryki belongs to Lesser Poland, and historically is part of Ziemia Stężycka (Land of Stężyca, an ancient county, the only part of historic Sandomierz Voivodeship which was located on the right bank of the Vistula river). The distance to the Polish capital is 100 km (62 mi), the distance to Lublin – 64 km (40 mi).
Diervilla sessilifolia
Diervilla sessilifolia, the southern bush honeysuckle, a member of the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae which blooms in summer, is a perennial shrub found in the Great Smoky Mountains and the southern Appalachian Mountains. Southern bush honeysuckle can be found growing on bluffs, along slopes and stream banks, and bordering woodlands. It is a threatened species in Tennessee.

This compact, deciduous shrub, typically growing three to five feet tall, spreads by suckering in zones 4 to 8. It is drought tolerant, grows in full sun as well as partial shade, and works best in a woodland garden.

D. sessilifolia has been marked as a pollinator plant, supporting and attracting bumblebees and hummingbirds.

Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
Borgo Vecchio (Rome)
Borgo Vecchio, also named in the Middle Ages Via Sancta, Carriera Sancta (both "Holy road") or Carriera Martyrum ("Martyrs road"), was a road in the city of Rome, Italy, important for historical and architectural reasons. The road was destroyed together with the adjacent quartier in 1936–37 due to the construction of Via della Conciliazione.

Oratory (worship)
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, an oratory is a place which is set aside by permission of an ordinary for divine worship, for the convenience of some community or group of the faithful who assemble there, but to which other members of the faithful may have access with the consent of the competent superior. The word oratory comes from the Latin verb orare, to pray.