hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kristin's false shieldback
Kristin's false shieldback (Acilacris kristinae) is a tettigoniid orthopteran that is endemic to two localities within Malta Forest in Limpopo, South Africa. It is threatened by deforestation and changes in its microclimate. It is a diurnal insect, and has a daily rhythm. It has a hemimetabolous metamorphosis which results in no pupal stage. It is a predator and feeds on aphids.

Tettigoniidae
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.

Many species are nocturnal in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit mimicry or camouflage, commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.
Guillermo Ungo
Guillermo Manuel Ungo Revelo (September 3, 1931 – February 28, 1991) was a Salvadoran social democratic politician. He was a member of the ruling government junta from 1979 to 1980. Ungo was for a time the unofficial leader of the opposition in his capacity as president of the Revolutionary Democratic Front alliance. He ran in the Salvadoran presidential election of 1972 as the vice presidential running mate of Christian democrat José Napoleón Duarte. Official results showed a victory for the military-backed candidate, Arturo Armando Molina, though the fairness of the election was widely disputed.

He returned from a long exile in November 1987 with the other leading opposition politician, Rubén Zamora, a political ally. Their respective organizations merged in December 1987 into the Democratic Convergence, but this new group did not contribute candidates in the parliamentary elections of 1988.

José Napoleón Duarte
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes (23 November 1925 – 23 February 1990) was a Salvadoran politician who served as President of El Salvador from 1984 to 1989 during the Salvadoran Civil War. He was mayor of San Salvador before running for president in 1972. He lost, but the election is widely viewed as fraudulent. Following a coup d'état in 1979, Duarte led the subsequent civil-military Junta from 1980 to 1982. He was then elected president in 1984, defeating ARENA party leader Roberto D'Aubuisson.

Supported by the American Reagan Administration and the Central Intelligence Agency, his time in office occurred during the worst years of the Salvadoran Civil War, which saw numerous abuses and massacres of the civilian population by the Salvadoran security forces and the death squads linked to them.
Toppeladugård Castle
Toppeladugård Castle (Swedish: Toppeladugårds slott) is a manor house at Lund Municipality in Scania, Sweden. Several of the adjoining buildings, as well as the park around the castle, originate from the 18th-century.

Lund Municipality
Lund Municipality (Swedish: Lunds kommun) is a municipality in Scania County, southern Sweden. Its seat is the city of Lund.

As most municipalities in Sweden, the territory of municipality consists of many former local government units, united in a series of amalgamations. The number of original entities (as of 1863) is 22. At the time of the nationwide municipal reform of 1952 the number had been reduced to six. In 1967 the rural municipality Torn (itself created in 1952) was added to Lund. The City of Lund was made a unitary municipality in 1971 and amalgamated with Dalby, Genarp, Södra Sandby and Veberöd in 1974 completing the process. Since 2016, the municipality is subdivided into 16 districts for the purposes of population and land registration.

Dalby Söderskog, one of Sweden's national parks, is located within the municipality near Dalby. The municipal bird of Lund is the Eurasian penduline tit.
Porter's four corners model
Porter's four corners model is a predictive tool designed by Michael Porter that helps in determining a competitor's course of action. Unlike other predictive models which predominantly rely on a firm's current strategy and capabilities to determine future strategy, Porter's model additionally calls for an understanding of what motivates the competitor. This added dimension of understanding a competitor's internal culture, value system, mindset, and assumptions helps in determining a much more accurate and realistic reading of a competitor's possible reactions in a given situation.

Michael Porter
Michael Eugene Porter  (born May 23, 1947) is an American businessman and professor at Harvard Business School. He was one of the founders of the consulting firm The Monitor Group (now part of Deloitte) and FSG, a social impact consultancy. He is credited with creating Porter's five forces analysis, a foundational framework in strategic management that remains widely used in both academia and industry. He is generally regarded as the father of the modern strategy field. He is also regarded as one of the world's most influential thinkers on management and competitiveness as well as one of the most influential business strategists. His work has been recognized by governments, non-governmental organizations and universities.
Alex Brosque
Alex Jason Brosque (/bɹɒsk(e)/ BROSK or bros-KEH; Spanish: [ˈaleɣs ˈβɾoske]; born 12 October 1983) is an Australian former professional soccer player who was the captain of A-League club Sydney FC. He played primarily as a striker but played predominantly as a midfielder in central midfield during his time in Japan.

UAE Pro League
The UAE Pro League (Arabic: دوري المحترفين الإماراتي), also known as the ADNOC Pro League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the highest level of the Emirati football league system.

The first team to win the title was Al Orouba (Sharjah), whilst Al Ain has the record with 14 league titles to their name. Fourteen clubs compete in the league that operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the First Division League.

The League was founded in 1973 as the UAE Football League. The first 1973–74 season was a "trial" championship but was declared official by the UAE FA in 2001. In February 2007, the Pro League Committee was formed, and became the organising body of the league.
Dorsey Schroeder
Dorsey Alan Schroeder (born February 5, 1953) is an American race car driver. Since August 2015, he has served as Race Director for the Pirelli World Challenge series and since 2018 Race Director for the Trans Am Series presented by Pirelli SCCA Pro Racing. Over the course of his career in Sports car racing, he has won 40 professional races in 242 starts, including seventeen Trans-Am series wins. He also oversees the competition on-track at HSR events and enjoys racing vintage cars.

American Le Mans Series
The American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was a sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. It consisted of a series of endurance and sprint races, and was created in the spirit of the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

The American Le Mans' headquarters was in Braselton, Georgia, adjacent to Road Atlanta.

In 2014, the series merged with the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series to form the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.
Herpolhode
A herpolhode is the curve traced out by the endpoint of the angular velocity vector ω of a rigid rotor, a rotating rigid body. The endpoint of the angular velocity moves in a plane in absolute space, called the invariable plane, that is orthogonal to the angular momentum vector L. The fact that the herpolhode is a curve in the invariable plane appears as  part of Poinsot's construction.

The trajectory of the angular velocity around the angular momentum in the invariable plane is a circle in the case of a symmetric top, but in the general case wiggles inside an annulus, while still being concave towards the angular momentum.

Rigid rotor
In rotordynamics, the rigid rotor is a mechanical model of rotating systems. An arbitrary rigid rotor is a 3-dimensional rigid object, such as a top. To orient such an object in space requires three angles, known as Euler angles (ψ, θ, φ). A special rigid rotor is the linear rotor requiring only two angles to describe, for example a diatomic molecule such as HI, HCl, CO. More general molecules are 3-dimensional, such as water (asymmetric rotor), ammonia (symmetric rotor), or methane (spherical rotor).
Armies in the American Civil War
This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies. This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material for a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War. Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.

Mounted infantry
Mounted infantry were infantry who rode horses instead of marching. Unlike cavalry, mounted infantry dismounted to fight on foot.  The original dragoons were essentially mounted infantry. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911), "Mounted rifles are half cavalry, mounted infantry merely specially mobile infantry." Today, with motor vehicles having replaced horses for military transport, the motorized infantry are in some respects successors to mounted infantry.
Randy Lanier
Randy Thomas Lanier (born 1954) is a convicted drug trafficker from the United States. He also known for his car racing efforts in the mid-1980s, including winning the 1984 IMSA Camel GT title for the wholly independent Blue Thunder Racing team, and for being arrested for marijuana smuggling in 1988 to support his racing efforts.

March Engineering
March Engineering was a Formula One constructor and manufacturer of customer racing cars from the United Kingdom. Although only moderately successful in Grand Prix competition, March racing cars enjoyed much better success in other categories of competition, including Formula Two, Formula Three, IndyCar and IMSA GTP sportscar racing.
Hashemi Rafsanjani Expressway
Hashemi Rafsanjani Expressway (Persian: بزرگراه هاشمی رفسنجانی), Also known as Niyayesh Expressway (Persian: بزرگراه نیایش) is an expressway is northern central Tehran, Iran. It starts from Valiasr Street and becomes Abshenasan Expressway after the interchange with Ashrafi Esfahani Expressway. On its way, Hashemi Rafsanjani Expressway passes Kordestan Expressway, Chamran Expressway and Yadegar-e-Emam Expressway. The eastern terminus of this expressway is connected to Sadr Expressway by a tunnel.

Sadr Expressway
Sadr Expressway is a freeway in northern Tehran, Iran.

This freeway runs west from the Modarres Expressway in Gholhak neighborhood east through Gheytarieh, Doulat, Darrous, Chizar, and Ekhtiariyeh, at which point it crosses Pasdaran Avenue and becomes Babayi Expressway.
Yat Chak (constituency)
Yat Chak (Chinese: 逸澤) is one of the 39 constituencies in the Yuen Long District of Hong Kong. The constituency returns one district councillor to the Yuen Long District Council, with an election every four years.

Yat Chak constituency is loosely based on Tin Chak Estate and part of Tin Yat Estate in Tin Shui Wai with estimated population of 20,392.

Tin Shui Wai
Tin Shui Wai New Town is a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong. Originally a gei wai (基圍) fish pond area, it was developed in the 1980s as the second new town in Yuen Long District and the eighth in Hong Kong. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) due northwest of Central, the main business area in the territory, on land reclaimed from low-lying areas south of Deep Bay, next to Ping Shan. The population was 283,595 as of 2021.
Sun Flightcraft Air-Chopper
The Sun Flightcraft Air-Chopper is an Austrian powered parachute that was designed by Herbert Hofbauer and produced by Sun Flightcraft of Innsbruck. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The aircraft was introduced before 2003 and production ended in about 2008 when the model was discontinued. The company no longer manufactures powered parachutes.

Contra-rotating propellers
Aircraft equipped with contra-rotating propellers (CRP), coaxial contra-rotating propellers, or high-speed propellers, apply the maximum power of usually a single engine piston powered or turboprop engine to drive a pair of coaxial propellers in contra-rotation. Two propellers are arranged one behind the other, and power is transferred from the engine via a planetary gear or spur gear transmission. Although contra-rotating propellers are also known as counter-rotating propellers, the term is much more widely used when referring to airscrews on separate non-coaxial shafts turning in opposite directions.
Mistresses (American TV series) season 3
The third season of the American television drama series Mistresses premiered on June 18, 2015, on ABC. The series is based on the UK series of the same name and was adapted by K. J. Steinberg, it stars Yunjin Kim, Rochelle Aytes, Jes Macallan and Jennifer Esposito as the four lead characters.

Mistresses (American TV series)
Mistresses is an American mystery drama soap opera television series based on the 2008–10 British series of the same name, about the lives of four female friends and their involvement in an array of illicit and complex relationships. This adaptation was developed by K. J. Steinberg, and stars Alyssa Milano, Rochelle Aytes, Yunjin Kim, Jes Macallan, Jennifer Esposito, and Tabrett Bethell in the lead roles. The series was originally set to premiere on May 27, 2013. However, ABC announced that Mistresses would premiere on June 3, 2013.

On September 9, 2016, ABC canceled Mistresses after four seasons.

It had been expected that if there had been a fifth season it would have been intended to be the final season.
Dieter: Der Film
Dieter: Der Film ("Dieter: The Film") is a 2006 satirical animated film based on Nichts als die Wahrheit ("Nothing But the Truth"), the autobiography of German music producer Dieter Bohlen published in 2002. The entirety of the soundtrack, including the theme song "Gasoline", was written, composed, and produced by Bohlen. The film was broadcast for the first time on 4 March 2006 on RTL.

Nadja Abd el Farrag
Nadja Abd el Farrag (5 March 1965 – 9 May 2025), nicknamed Naddel, was a German television and media personality. She became known through her relationship with songwriter and record producer Dieter Bohlen of Modern Talking.
Charles Warner
Charles John Warner (né Lickfold, 10 October 1846 – 11 February 1909) was an English stage actor whose career of over forty years spanned the Victorian and Edwardian eras.  Warner performed in a variety of styles, from Shakespeare's plays to comedies, but he was best known for his dramatic roles and the emotional intensity of his performances.  His most famous character was the alcoholic 'Coupeau' in Charles Reade's melodrama Drink (based on Émile Zola's novel, L'Assommoir), a part that the actor performed many times during his career.  Warner performed in the principal theatres in London during the period 1864 to 1887.  He had a successful tour of Australia and New Zealand from December 1887 to June 1890, after which he returned to England.  In 1906 Warner travelled to New York where he appeared on stage in several productions.  In February 1909 he committed suicide in his Manhattan hotel room.

Dion Boucicault
Dionysius Lardner "Dion" Boucicault /ˈdaɪˌɒn ˈbuːsɪˌkoʊ/ (né Boursiquot; 26 December 1820 – 18 September 1890) was an Irish actor and playwright famed for his melodramas.  By the later part of the 19th century, Boucicault had become known on both sides of the Atlantic as one of the most successful actor-playwright-managers then in the English-speaking theatre. The New York Times hailed him in his obituary as "the most conspicuous English dramatist of the 19th century"; he and his second wife, Agnes Robertson Boucicault, applied for, and received, American citizenship in 1873.
Charbin, Iran
Charbin (Persian: چربين, also Romanized as Charbīn; also known as Chūbīn) is a village in Niyarak Rural District, Tarom Sofla District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 49, in 12 families.

Niyarak Rural District
Niyarak Rural District (Persian: دهستان نيارك) is in Tarom-e Sofla District of Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Niyarak. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kuhgir-e Sofla.
Osborne House, Millers Point
Osborne House is a heritage-listed former residence and now commercial building located at 34 Argyle Place, in the inner city Sydney suburb of Millers Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Millers Point, New South Wales
Millers Point is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is on the north-western edge of the Sydney central business district, adjacent to The Rocks and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

Millers Point lies on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, beside Darling Harbour. The Barangaroo development is taking place on 22 hectares of land on the western side of the suburb. Millers Point historically includes what are now known as the suburbs of Dawes Point and Barangaroo and the renaming of those parts of Millers Point is controversial. The original headland of Millers Point is now known as Barangaroo Reserve, though the point itself has been returned to its original name.
Hari Narayan Apte
Hari Narayan Apte (8 March 1864 – 3 March 1919) was an Indian Marathi language writer.

Through his writings, he provided an eminent example to future Marathi fiction writers in respect of writing effective novels and short stories which faithfully reflect different aspects of contemporary society. Before him, novelists wrote novels like Gulabakawali with fantastic themes unrelated to realistic social situations.

Apte presided over Marathi Sahitya Sammelan in Akola in 1912.

Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar (14 July 1856 – 17 June 1895) (pronunciationⓘ) was a  social reformer, educationist, and thinker from  Bombay Presidency,   British India. He co-founded educational institutes such as the New English School, the Deccan Education Society and Fergusson College along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vishnushastri Chiplunkar,  Mahadev Ballal Namjoshi,   Vaman Shivram Apte,  V. B. Kelkar, M. S. Gole and N. K. Dharap. He was the first editor of the weekly Kesari newspaper and founder and editor of a periodical, Sudharak. He was the second principal of Fergusson College, serving in that post from August 1895 until his death.

A locality in Andheri, Mumbai outside the railway station (east side) is named after him as Agarkar Chowk, and another locality in Pune containing the Pune railway station and General post office of Pune (with the Zero Milestone of Pune) is named after him as Agarkar Nagar.
Thought blocking
Thought blocking is a neuropsychological symptom expressing a sudden and involuntary silence within a speech, and eventually an abrupt switch to another topic. Persons undergoing thought blocking may utter incomprehensible speech; they may also repeat words involuntarily or make up new words (neologism). The main causes of thought blocking are schizophrenia,  anxiety disorders, petit mal seizures, post-traumatic stress disorder, bradyphrenia, aphasia, dementia and delirium.

Silence
Silence is the absence of ambient audible sound, the emission of sounds of such low intensity that they do not draw attention to themselves, or the state of having ceased to produce sounds; this latter sense can be extended to apply to the cessation or absence of any form of communication, whether through speech or other medium. Remaining mute can be a symptom of mental illness.

Sometimes speakers fall silent when they hesitate in searching for a word, or interrupt themselves before correcting themselves. Discourse analysis shows that people use brief silences to mark the boundaries of prosodic units, in turn-taking, or as reactive tokens, for example, as a sign of displeasure, disagreement, embarrassment, desire to think, confusion, and the like.  Relatively prolonged intervals of silence can be used in rituals; in some religious disciplines, people maintain silence for protracted periods, or even for the rest of their lives, as an ascetic means of spiritual transformation.
Reformed confessions of faith
The reformed confessions of faith are the confessional documents of various Reformed churches. These express the doctrinal views of the churches adopting the confession. Confessions play a crucial part in the theological identity of reformed churches, either as standards to which ministers must subscribe, or more generally as accurate descriptions of their faith. Most confessions date to the 16th and 17th century.

Catechisms, canons, theses and other such documents may not be confessions per se, yet these still serve as symbols of the reformed faith.

Cambridge Platform
The Cambridge Platform is a statement of congregational church government for the churches of colonial New England. It was written in 1648 in response to Presbyterian criticism and served as the religious constitution of Massachusetts until 1780. The platform's preface also endorsed the Westminster Confession. The document was shaped primarily by the Puritan ministers Richard Mather and John Cotton.
Fan death
Fan death is a misconception that people have died as a result of running an electric fan in a closed room with no open windows. While the supposed mechanics of fan death are impossible given how electric fans operate, belief in fan death persisted to the mid-2000s in South Korea, and also to a lesser extent in Japan.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
Smell-O-Vision
Smell-O-Vision is a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could "smell" what was happening in the movie. Created by Hans Laube, the technique made its only appearance in the 1960 film Scent of Mystery, produced by Mike Todd Jr., son of film producer Mike Todd. The process injected 30 odors into a movie theater's seats when triggered by the film's soundtrack.

Roughly similar concepts integrating odor experiences into entertainment performances date back at least to 1868 for live theatre, with the first film usage in 1906. Other approaches include General Electric's "Smell-O-Rama" in 1953 and the rival "AromaRama" system in 1959. In cheeky homage to this era, John Waters enhanced his 1981 film Polyester with an "Odorama" scratch-n-sniff card.

Scratch and sniff
Scratch and sniff technology is the application of a fragrant coating to items such as stickers or paperboard, so that when the coating is scratched it releases an odor that is normally related to the image displayed under the coating. The technology has been used on a variety of surfaces from stickers to compact discs. Gale W. Matson accidentally invented the technology while working for 3M in the 1960s. He was attempting to create a new method for making carbonless copy paper using microencapsulation. The technology to infuse microcapsules and paper was submitted to the US patent office on November 18, 1969, and the patent was granted on June 23, 1970. Despite the technology being invented by Matson in the 1960s and its subsequent success in the 1970s, the first patent for a translucent fragrance releasing version of microcapsules wasn't issued until January 15, 1985, to the 3M corporation.