hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sertoma International
Sertoma Inc., formerly known as Sertoma International, is an organization of service clubs founded on April 11, 1912. The name is an acronym for Service to Mankind. Sertoma has clubs all over the United States and in Canada. Sertoma's primary focus is on assisting the more than 50 million people with hearing health issues and educating the public on the issues surrounding hearing health. In order to achieve these goals, Sertoma has undertaken a multi-faceted approach by launching programs that address both the treatment and prevention aspects of hearing health.

Sertoma has approximately 500 clubs throughout the U.S. and Canada with over 13,000 members combined. Clubs also sponsor community projects to promote freedom and democracy, to assist youth, and to benefit a variety of other local community needs as identified by individual clubs. In 2010, Sertoma Clubs donated over $10 million to various community projects and sponsorships.

Manhattan, Kansas
Manhattan is a city in and the county seat of Riley County, Kansas, United States, although the city extends into Pottawatomie County. It is located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 54,100.

The city was founded by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company as a Free-State town in the 1850s, during the Bleeding Kansas era. Nicknamed "the Little Apple" as a play on New York City's moniker of the "Big Apple", the city is a college town with a significant student population, because it is home to Kansas State University (KSU).
Elliott Bennett
Elliott Bennett (born 18 December 1988) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Northern Premier League Division One West club Shifnal Town. He is the elder brother of footballer Kyle Bennett.

PFA Team of the Year
The Professional Footballers' Association Team of the Year (often called the PFA Team of the Year, or simply the Team of the Year) is an annual award given to a set of 55 footballers across the top four tiers of men's English football: the Premier League, the Championship, League One and League Two, as well as the top tier of women's football:  the Women's Super League.

The award has been presented to men since the 1973–74 season and women since the 2013–14 season. The shortlist is compiled by the members of the players' trade union, the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA), in January of every year, with the winners then being voted for by the other players in their respective divisions.

The award is regarded by players in the Football League as the highest accolade available to them, due to it being picked by their fellow professionals.
Hiranagar Fort
The Hiranagar Fort, also known as Jasmergarh Fort is a historic fort located in the town of Hiranagar in the Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Built in the mid-19th century by Raja Hira Singh, the fort served as an administrative and military center for the region during the Dogra rule. Positioned on a slight elevation, the fort overlooks the surrounding plains and houses remnants of royal architecture, including a palace and prison complex.

Kathua district
Kathua district  is an administrative district in the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is surrounded by Jammu to the northwest, the Doda and Udhampur districts to the north, the state of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Punjab to the south, and Pakistan's working boundary to the west. Its terrain is diverse, consisting of rich agricultural areas along the Punjab/Kashmir border, plains sweeping eastward to the foothills of the Himalaya, and the mountainous Pahari region in the east.

Kathua district is divided into 8 blocks: Bani, Barnoti, Basholi, Billawar, Najot, Duggan, Ghagwal, Hiranagar, Kathua and Lohai Malhar. It has approximately 512 villages.

The traditional language of Kathua is Dogri with some Pahari influence. Pahari languages are prevalent in the mountainous area of the east. The principal media of education are English, Hindi, and Urdu.
USS Reign
Reign (AM-288) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She was built at the General Engineering & Dry Dock Company, of Alameda, California and completed in 1946, but she was never commissioned. Reign remained in the Pacific Reserve Fleet until struck from the Navy list 1 November 1959. During that time, however, she was redesignated MSF-288 on 7 February 1955.

Admirable-class minesweeper
The Admirable class was one of the largest and most successful classes of minesweepers ordered by the United States Navy during World War II.  Typically, minesweepers detected and removed naval mines before the rest of the fleet arrived, thereby ensuring safe passage for the larger ships. They were also charged with anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with rear-mounted depth charge racks and a forward-firing Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar.  Their job was essential to the safety and success of U.S. naval operations during World War II and the Korean War. These minesweepers were also employed as patrol vessel and convoy escorts. The only remaining ship of this class is located at Freedom Park, Omaha, NE.

The PCE-842-class of patrol craft escorts was based on the Admirable-class design.
45th Division (Spain)
The 45th Division (Spanish: 45.ª División) was a division of the Spanish Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War.

This unit was established in mid 1937 in order to gather some scattered units of the International Brigades under one command, therefore it was also known as "45.ª División Internacional" (45th International Division). It took part in some of the major battles of the conflict such as Brunete, Zaragoza and the Battle of the Ebro persistently being afflicted by numerous casualties.

Aragon Offensive
The Aragon Offensive was an important military campaign during the Spanish Civil War, which began after the Battle of Teruel. The offensive, which ran from March 7, 1938, to April 19, 1938, smashed the Republican forces, overran Aragon, and conquered parts of Catalonia and the Levante.
Gladstone, Oregon
Gladstone is a city located in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 12,017 at the 2020 United States census. Gladstone is an approximately 4-square-mile (10 km2) suburban community, Located 12 miles (19 km) south of Portland at the confluence of the Clackamas and Willamette rivers.

Gladstone has held several important cultural and social events, hosting both the inaugural Clackamas County Fair and the Oregon State Fair, before both were moved to more spacious locations. 
Both Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan and presidential candidate Theodore Roosevelt gave public speeches in the city.

Clackamas people
The Clackamas Indians are a band of Chinook of Native Americans who historically lived along the Clackamas River in the Willamette Valley, Oregon.

Today, Clackamas people are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon.

In 1806, Lewis and Clark estimated their population to be 1,800. At the time the tribe lived in 12 villages located from the lower Columbia River to an area that is now called Oregon City. They resided towards the east side of the Willamette River. In February 1841, Reverend François Norbert Blanchet and Reverend Alvin F. Waller converted Clackamas Chief Popoh.

The Clackamas signed a treaty in the fall of 1851, which Oregon Superintendent Anson Dart failed to ratify. They signed another treaty on January 10, 1855, which was ratified on March 3, 1855. The Clackamas were promised $2,500 worth of resources, but the United States only paid a fifth of what was owed.
Ulmus americana 'Littleford'
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Littleford' was cloned from a tree in Hinsdale, Illinois, circa 1915 by Littleford Nurseries of Downers Grove, Illinois, and first released in 1927. It was marketed in the 1930s by nearby Hinsdale Nurseries, successor to Littleford Nurseries, as 'Littlefordii'. In their 1925 catalogue Littleford Nurseries had written of their selection: "The growing of the American elm is a specialty with us; we consider it the leading shade and ornamental tree. Our trees are a selected strain of the V-shaped type, a stock of 15 to 20 thousand, all 2 ins. and up in size, transplanted twice and in splendid vigor for planting".

Hinsdale, Illinois
Hinsdale is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States, with a small portion in Cook County. It is one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois and in the United States. Hinsdale is a western suburb of Chicago with a population of 17,395 in the 2020 census.
Paramatta, South Australia
Paramatta is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located on the Yorke Peninsula on the north-east side of the urban area associated with Moonta about 132 kilometres (82 miles) north-west of the Adelaide city centre. It was named using the same Aboriginal phrase for the suburb of Sydney spelled Parramatta.

Yorke Peninsula
The Yorke Peninsula, known as Guuranda by the original inhabitants, the Narungga people, is a peninsula located northwest and west of Adelaide in South Australia, between Spencer Gulf on the west and Gulf St Vincent on the east. The peninsula is separated from Kangaroo Island to the south by Investigator Strait.

The most populous town in the region is Kadina; Maitland is the most central town; and the south-western tip is occupied by Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park.
Category of rings
In mathematics, the category of rings, denoted by Ring, is the category whose objects are rings (with identity) and whose morphisms are ring homomorphisms (that preserve the identity). Like many categories in mathematics, the category of rings is large, meaning that the class of all rings is proper.

Characteristic (algebra)
In mathematics, the characteristic of a ring R, often denoted char(R), is defined to be the smallest positive number of copies of the ring's multiplicative identity (1) that will sum to the additive identity (0). If no such number exists, the ring is said to have characteristic zero.

That is, char(R) is the smallest positive number n such that:(p 198, Thm. 23.14)

if such a number n exists, and 0 otherwise.
Sør-Arnøy
Sør-Arnøy is a small fishing village in Gildeskål Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village covers the majority of the island of Sør-Arnøya. The closest town to Sør-Arnøy is Bodø, which is located about  25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northeast on the mainland.

The 0.66-square-kilometre (160-acre) village had a population (2007) of 205 and a population density of 311 inhabitants per square kilometre (810/sq mi). Since 2007, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Bodø (town)
Bodø (pronounced [ˈbûːdøː] ⓘ, Northern Sami: Bådåddjocode: sme promoted to code: se ; Pite Sami: Buvvda; Lule Sami: Bådåddjo) is a town in Bodø Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.
The town is the administrative centre of both the Bodø Municipality and Nordland county. It is located on the Bodø peninsula between the Vestfjorden and the Saltfjorden. Bodø is located just north of the Arctic Circle. It is the largest urban area and town in Nordland county and the second-largest town in Northern Norway.

The 14.91-square-kilometre (3,680-acre) town has a population (2023) of 42,831 and a population density of 2,873 inhabitants per square kilometre (7,440/sq mi).

Bodø is a European Capital of Culture 2024, along with Bad Ischl and Tartu.

One of Norway's most successful football clubs, FK Bodø/Glimt, is based in the town.
CD Lorca
Club Deportivo Lorca were a Spanish football club based in Lorca, in the Region of Murcia. Founded in 1950 and dissolved in 1966, they held home games at Estadio Municipal de San San José, with an 8,000-seat capacity.

Lorca, Spain
Lorca (Spanish: [ˈloɾka] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the autonomous community of the Region of Murcia in south-eastern Spain, 58 kilometres (36 mi) southwest of the city of Murcia. The municipality had a population of 95,515 in 2020, up from the 2001 census total of 77,477. Lorca has the second largest surface area of municipalities in Spain, 1,675.21 km2 (646.80 sq mi), after Cáceres. The city is home to Lorca Castle and to a Collegiate church dedicated to St. Patrick.

In the Middle Ages Lorca was a frontier city between Christian and Muslim Spain. Earlier, during the Roman period, it was the ancient Ilura or Heliocroca.

The city was seriously damaged by a magnitude 5.1 earthquake on 11 May 2011, killing at least nine people. Due to a shallow hypocenter, the earthquake was much more destructive than usual for earthquakes with similar magnitude.
Tony Considine
Tony Considine served as manager of the Clare senior hurling team from November 2006 until August 2007. Prior to his role with Clare, Considine had guided the County Limerick club Garryspillane to a county senior title in 2005.

Mike McNamara
Michael McNamara (born 1949) is an Irish former hurling manager and former player.  He played hurling with his local club Scariff from the 1960s until the 1980s.  McNamara is also a publican and night club owner in Scariff and served as manager of the Offaly and Clare senior inter-county teams.
Warszawa Okęcie–Jeziorna railway
The Warszawa Okęcie–Jeziorna railway is an unelectrified freight railway line stretching from Warszawa Okęcie railway station in Warsaw and Jeziorna railway station in Konstancin-Jeziorna in the Masovian Voivodeship of central Poland.

The line is connected to Kabaty depot of the Warsaw Metro from Warszawa Okęcie railway station. It primarily transports hard coal, fuel oil, and biomass to the Siekierki Cogeneration Plant plant in Warsaw.

Railway lines of Poland
Every railway line in Poland has its own number, with the lowest numbers attached to the most important and most strategic routes.

Line number 1 links Warsaw Centralna with Katowice Central Station, while line number 999, the last one on the list, is a branch line connecting Piła Main with the secondary-importance station Piła North (Pila Północ).

A very detailed MAP OF RAILWAY LINES OF POLAND may be downloaded from the website 'Polskie Linie Kolejowe - Mapy.
Six different maps are available, each of which can be downloaded by clicking on 'POBIERZ.' The first map is the most detailed, showing all railway stations in Poland, with each line labelled by its line number.
If a Song Could Get Me You
If a Song Could Get Me You is a compilation album by Norwegian singer-songwriter Marit Larsen, released on 14 August 2009. The album was released through Sony Music Entertainment, after Larsen signed a contract with them for worldwide distribution of her albums outside of Norway, where she has been contracted to EMI for several years. The album was originally catered for the German market, where her previous two albums had not been released, after the success of lead single "If a Song Could Get Me You" in the country. The album was announced on Marit Larsen's YouTube page and Maritlarsen.de. The album consists of her songs from her previous two albums Under the Surface and The Chase. In Brazil, a different version was released in December 2010.

The Chase (Marit Larsen album)
The Chase is the second album from Norwegian singer-songwriter Marit Larsen. It was released on October 13, 2008. The first single of this album entitled "If a Song Could Get Me You" was made available via Marit Larsen's Myspace page on August 11, 2008.
1926 Buckrose by-election
The 1926 Buckrose by-election was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Buckrose, Yorkshire on 5 May 1926. This was the first by-election to take place during the General Strike.

1926 United Kingdom general strike
A general strike took place in the United Kingdom from 4 to 12 May 1926. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the British government to act to prevent wage reductions and worsening conditions for 1.2 million locked-out coal miners. Some 1.7 million workers went out, especially in transport and heavy industry.

It was a sympathy strike, with many of those who were not miners and not directly affected striking to support the locked-out miners. The government was well prepared, and enlisted middle- and upper-class volunteers to maintain essential services. There was little violence and the TUC gave up in defeat.
Pierre de La Broue
Pierre de La Broue (8 February 1644, Toulouse, Languedoc - 20 September 1720, Mirepoix was a French bishop. He was part of the 'Apellant' movement within Jansenism, which called for the summoning of a church council to discuss the anti-Jansenist papal bull Unigenitus.

Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
Maria Anna Christine Victoria of Bavaria (French: Marie Anne Victoire; 28 November 1660 – 20 April 1690) was Dauphine of France by marriage to Louis, Grand Dauphin, son and heir of Louis XIV. She was known as la Grande Dauphine. The Dauphine was regarded a "pathetic" figure at the court of France, isolated and unappreciated due to the perception that she was dull, unattractive and sickly. She is the ancestor of all Spanish monarchs following her son Philip V.
Prince Ferdinand of Liechtenstein
Prince Ferdinand Aloys Andreas Joseph Anton Maria of Liechtenstein (18 January 1901 – 7 July 1981) was a Prince of the House of Liechtenstein and nephew of Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein and cousin of Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein. Prince Ferdinand was an internationally known banker, athlete and big game hunter.

Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
Franz Joseph II (Franz Josef Maria Alois Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 25 July 1938 until his death in November 1989.

Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Alois of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923. He was an extremely popular sovereign in Liechtenstein. He was the first ruling prince to live full-time in the principality. He also oversaw the economic development of Liechtenstein from a poor agricultural backwater into one of the richest countries (per capita) in the world.
At-Bashy
At-Bashy (Kyrgyz: Ат-Башы) is a village in the Naryn Region of Kyrgyzstan, about 35km southwest of Naryn on the main highway to the Torugart Pass. It is the administrative seat of At-Bashy District. The At-Bashy Range to the south extends to Lake Chatyr-Kul.  The river At-Bashy comes in from the east and then runs northwest through a gorge in the Baybiche-Too range to join the Naryn near Dostuk. It is the last considerable settlement before the Chinese border.  The highway, built in 1906, runs southwest between the Baybiche-Too and At-Bashy ranges before turning south and then east to reach the pass. Its population was 14,655 in 2021. At-Bashy is also known for the white honey collected from its highlands, based on the esparcet honey plants.

Naryn
Naryn (/nəˈrɪn/ nə-RIN; Kyrgyz: Нарын [nɑˈɾɯn]ⓘ) is the regional administrative center of Naryn Region in central Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 84 square kilometres (32 sq mi), and its estimated population was 41,178 as of January 2021. The town was established as a fortress on the caravan route in 1868. It is situated on both banks of the river Naryn (one of the main headwaters of the Syr Darya), which cuts a picturesque gorge through the town. The city has two regional museums and some hotels, but is otherwise residential.
Raddy Ovouka
Raddy Machel Hokemba Ovouka (born 7 December 1999) is a Congolese professional footballer who plays as left-back for Drita in the Kosovo Superleague and the Congo national team.

Ovouka joined Accra Hearts of Oak in 2018, he quickly rose through the ranks and helped the club to win the Ghana Premier League and Ghana FA Cup in 2021. His performances also led him to be considered as the best left-back in the Ghana Premier League. In 2022, he spent time on loan at USL Championship side New Mexico United before embarking on another loan deal to Kosovo-based club Drita Gjilan.

Ovouka has represented the Congo national team and made his senior international debut in March 2021.

2021 Ghana FA Cup
The 2021 Ghana FA Cup was the 41st season of the Ghana FA Cup, the primary knockout competition in Ghanaian football. Sponsored by MTN Ghana for the 11th straight season, thus called the "MTN FA Cup" for sponsorship purposes,
García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete
García Hurtado de Mendoza y Manrique, 5th Marquis of Cañete (July 21, 1535 – May 19, 1609) was a Spanish Governor of Chile, and later Viceroy of Peru (from January 8, 1590 to July 24, 1596). He is often known simply as "Marquis of Cañete". Belonging to an influential family of Spanish noblemen Hurtado de Mendoza successfully fought in the Arauco War during his stay as Governor of Chile. The city of Mendoza is named after him. In his later position as Viceroy of Peru he sponsored Álvaro de Mendaña's transpacific expedition of 1595, who named the Marquesas Islands after him.

Royal Governor of Chile
The royal governor of Chile ruled over the Spanish colonial administrative district called the Captaincy General of Chile, and as a result the royal governor also held the title of a captain general. There were 66 such governors or captains during the Spanish conquest and the later periods of Spanish-centered colonialism. Since the first Spanish–Mapuche parliaments in the 17th century it became an almost mandatory tradition for each governor to arrange a parliament with the Mapuches.
Lake Tuakitoto
Lake Tuakitoto is a small lake in South Otago, on the South Island of New Zealand. It is located to the northeast of Balclutha, close to the small town of Kaitangata. The smallest of South Otago's three main lakes, it is, like the others (Lake Waihola and Lake Waipori) very shallow. The lake drains into the lower reaches of the Clutha River.

Lake Waipori
Lake Waipori is the smaller and shallower of the pair of lakes located in the wetlands to the south west of Dunedin in New Zealand on the Waipori River. The Waipori River is a major tributary of the Taieri River, and these wetlands form the southern edge of the Taieri Plains.

The lake is inhabited by various waterfowl and wetland birds. It is however too shallow and inaccessible (due to being surrounded with wetlands) to allow for recreation other than fishing and duck hunting in season.

It is possible to travel from the Waipori River at Berwick through the lake and through to Lake Waihola in a flat bottomed dinghy or jetboat. The lake is too shallow for other forms of motorboat.

The lake is bordered to the southwest by the Sinclair Wetlands.
2022 Seoul Open Challenger
The 2022 Seoul Open Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament. It was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Seoul, South Korea, between 10 and 16 October 2022.

Seoul Open Challenger
The Seoul Open is a tournament for professional tennis players played on outdoor hardcourts. The event is classified as an ATP Challenger 100 and an ITF Women's Circuit event and has been held in Seoul, South Korea, since 2014. In 2024 it switch status from an ATP Challenger Tour 125 to a Challenger 100.
Dean Bergeron
Dean Bergeron (born February 12, 1969, in La Baie, Quebec (now Saguenay, Quebec) is a Paralympic athlete from Canada who competed mainly in category T52 sprint events in four Paralympic Games and is pursuing a career as an actuary.

1996 Summer Paralympics
The 1996 Summer Paralympic in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, were held from August 15 to 25. It was the first Paralympics to get mass media sponsorship, and had a budget of USD $81 million.

It was the first Paralympic Games where International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability athletes were given full medal status.