hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Obesity and the environment
Obesity and the environment aims to look at the different environmental factors that researchers worldwide have determined cause and perpetuate obesity. Obesity is a condition in which a person's weight is higher than what is considered healthy for their height, and is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Obesity can result from several factors such as poor nutritional choices, overeating, genetics, culture, and metabolism. Many diseases and health complications are associated with obesity (e.g., Type-II diabetes, heart disease, cancer, stroke). Worldwide, the rates of obesity have nearly tripled since 1975, leading health professionals to label the condition as a modern epidemic in most parts of the world. As of 2022, worldwide population estimates of obese adults are near 13%; overweight adults total approximately 39%.

Body mass index
Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms (kg) and height in metres (m).

The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to broadly categorize a person as based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) and height. Major adult BMI classifications are underweight (under 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 to 24.9), overweight (25 to 29.9), and obese (30 or more). When used to predict an individual's health, rather than as a statistical measurement for groups, the BMI has limitations that can make it less useful than some of the alternatives, especially when applied to individuals with abdominal obesity, short stature, or high muscle mass.

BMIs under 20 and over 25 have been associated with higher all-cause mortality, with the risk increasing with distance from the 20–25 range.
William Mark
William Mark (Berwick-upon-Tweed, 6 March 1782 - Alhaurín el Grande, 13 January 1849) was a British consul and governor of the British colony in southern Spain, as well as the founder of the English Cemetery in Malaga.

Robert Boyd (military officer)
Robert Boyd (Londonderry, 7 December 1805 - Málaga, 11 December 1831) was a former officer of Irish origin in the army of the British East India Company who accompanied General José María de Torrijos in his insurrection against the absolutism of Ferdinand VII, and was shot on 11 December 1831 on the beaches of San Andrés. Robert Boyd is depicted in the painting by Antonio Gisbert entitled Execution of Torrijos and his Companions on the Beach at Málaga.
Aram Safrastyan
Aram Khachaturi Safrastyan (Armenian: Արամ Խաչատուրի Սաֆրաստյան; 14 July 1888 – 12 July 1966) was an Armenian orientalist and Turkologist. He was a fellow of the Institute of History and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR.

Turkology
Turkology (or Turcology or Turkic studies) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of people speaking Turkic languages and the Turkic peoples in chronological and comparative context. That includes ethnic groups from the Sakha, in eastern Siberia, to the Turks in the Balkans and the Gagauz, in Moldova.
Langenbach, Bavaria
Langenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋənbax]) is a municipality in the district of Freising in Bavaria in Germany.

The town has its own railway station on the Munich-Regensburg line, and lies on Landesstraße (state road) 2350 between Freising and Moosburg.  Its boroughs are Amperhof, Asenkofen, Großenviecht, Kleinviecht, Niederhummel, Oberbach, Oberhummel, Oftlfing, Rast, Schmidhausen und Windham.

Freising (district)
Freising is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. Following a recent ranking of the German magazine Focus-Money comparing all German districts it is number one concerning economic growth abilities. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kelheim, Landshut, Erding, Munich, Dachau and Pfaffenhofen.
The district is located north of the Munich metropolitan area. The Isar and Amper rivers run in parallel from southwest to northeast. North of the rivers there is the Hallertau, a hilly region mainly used for growing hop.
Capheris crassimana
Capheris crassimana is a species of spider in the family Zodariidae. It is found across southern Africa and is commonly known as the Namibia Capheris Zodariid spider.

The species was originally described by Simon in 1887 as Cydrela crassimana from Namibia.

Ant spider
Ant spiders are members of the family Zodariidae. They are small to medium-sized eight-eyed spiders found in all tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia-New Guinea, New Zealand, Arabia, and the Indian subcontinent.

Most species are daytime hunters and live together with ants, mimicking their behavior and sometimes even their chemical traits. Although little is known about most zodariids, members of the genus Zodarion apparently feed only on ants; a number of other genera in the family are apparently also ant (or termite) specialists.
International Gendarmerie
The International Gendarmerie was the first law enforcement agency of the Principality of Albania. It was established by the decision of the ambassadors of the six Great Powers that participated in the London Peace Conference. This decision was made on the basis of the London Treaty signed on 30 May 1913. Since most of the members were from the Netherlands, this force was also known as the Dutch Military Mission.

The first gendarmerie members arrived in Albania on 10 November 1913. They were soon faced with a peasant revolt. One International Gendarmerie officer was killed and many were imprisoned after the revolt erupted in June 1914. Dutch officers were gradually replaced by officers from Austria-Hungary and Germany, who arrived in Durrës on 4 July. Soon, World War I broke out, and by 4 August most of the Dutch officers had returned to the Netherlands. By 19 September 1914 the last two imprisoned officers were released.

Treaty of London (1913)
The Treaty of London (1913) was signed on 30 May following the London Conference of 1912–1913. It dealt with the territorial adjustments arising out of the conclusion of the First Balkan War. The London Conference had ended on 23 January 1913, when the 1913 Ottoman coup d'état took place and Ottoman Grand Vizier Kâmil Pasha was forced to resign. Coup leader Enver Pasha withdrew the Ottoman Empire from the Conference, and the Treaty of London was signed without the presence of the Ottoman delegation. Further border changes were ratified in the Treaty of Bucharest in August 1913.
Kiss (Prince song)
"Kiss" is a song by American musician Prince. Released by the Paisley Park label as the lead single from Prince and the Revolution's eighth studio album, Parade, on February 5, 1986. It was a No. 1 hit worldwide, holding the top spot of the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for two weeks. The single was certified gold in 1986 for shipments of 1,000,000 copies by RIAA.

The song is ranked No. 85 on the Rolling Stone list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2021, No. 464 in 2010, and No. 461 in 2004. NME ranked the song at No. 4 in their list of The 150 Greatest Singles of All Time, and voted "Kiss" the best single of 1986.

Following Prince's death in April 2016, the song re-charted on the Billboard Hot 100 at No. 28, and jumped to No. 23 a week later. The song also reached No. 2 on the French Singles Chart. As of April 30, 2016, it had sold 1.33 million digital copies in the U.S.

Age of Chance and Art of Noise also released versions of the song that were critical and chart successes.

Linn LM-1
The Linn LM-1 Drum Computer is a drum machine manufactured by Linn Electronics and released in 1980. It was one of the first programmable drum machines and the first to use samples of acoustic drums. Its designer, the American engineer Roger Linn, wanted a machine that would produce more realistic sounds and offer more than preset patterns.

The LM-1 became a staple of 1980s pop music and helped establish drum machines as credible tools. It appeared on records by artists including the Human League, Gary Numan, Mecano, Icehouse, Michael Jackson, Queen, Tears For Fears, Steve Winwood and particularly Prince. The LM-1 was succeeded in 1982 by the LinnDrum.
Saint John Harbour (1974–1995)
Saint John Harbour was a provincial electoral district in New Brunswick. It was created from the multi-member riding of Saint John Centre in the 1973 electoral redistribution, and was abolished in the 1994 electoral redistribution.

Saint John Centre (electoral district)
Saint John Centre was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was created from Saint John in 1795 as Saint John City. It was renamed Saint John Centre in 1967.

It elected multiple members through the bloc voting system — two members prior to 1892 and four members from 1892 to 1973.

It was abolished with the 1973 electoral redistribution, when the province moved to single-member ridings.
Ashington
Ashington is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, with a population of 27,864 at the 2011 Census. It was once a centre of the coal mining industry. The town is 15 miles (24 km) north of Newcastle upon Tyne, west of the A189 and bordered to the south by the River Wansbeck. Many inhabitants have a distinctive accent and dialect known as Pitmatic. This varies from the regional dialect known as Geordie.

Ellington Colliery
Ellington Colliery (also known as The Big E), was a coal mine situated to the south of the village of Ellington in Northumberland, England. The colliery was the last deep coal mine in the north east of England (also known as the Great Northern Coalfield). At one time, the deepest part of the mine was 800 metres (2,600 ft) and it extended 15 miles (24 km) under the North Sea. During the 1980s, the pit (along with Lynemouth Colliery) was known as the biggest undersea mine in the world and produced 69% of the mined coal in Northumberland.

Ellington had several faces for mining and was known for winning coal from under the North Sea, before flooding caused the early closure of the mine.
Diwan Chand Sharma
Diwan Chand Sharma (8 March 1896 – 23 December 1969) was a professor and a politician from the state of Punjab. He was elected to the Lok Sabha for four terms from 1952 to 1967.

He was born in Daulat Nagar, Punjab Province, British India. He finished his schooling at D. A. V. High School, Lahore. He then received his further education from D. A. V. College, Lahore and Presidency College, Kolkata.

He was an English professor and the Head of the Department of English at Panjab University, Chandigarh.

He was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha, in 1952, from Hoshiarpur constituency in Punjab, India. He got elected to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Lok Sabha from Gurdaspur constituency, representing the constituency continuously from 1957 to 1968.

2nd Lok Sabha
The Second Lok Sabha (5 April 1957 – 31 March 1962) was elected after the 1957 Indian general election. The 2nd Lok Sabha lasted its full tenure of five years till 1962.

15 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 2nd Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 1957.
2022 Cavan Senior Hurling Championship
The 2022 Cavan Senior Hurling Championship was the 63rd staging of the Cavan Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cavan County Board in 1908. The championship ran from 1 April to 22 October 2022.

Cootehill Celtic were the defending champions.

The final was played on 22 October 2022 at Kingspan Breffni Park in Cavan, between Cootehill Celtic and Mullahoran St Joseph's, in what was their sixth meeting in the final overall and a first final meeting in two years. Cootehill Celtic won the match by 1–16 to 0–09 to claim their seventh championship title overall and a second consecutive title.

2021 Cavan Senior Hurling Championship
The 2021 Cavan Senior Hurling Championship was the 62nd staging of the Cavan Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cavan County Board in 1908. The championship ran from 9 August to 5 November 2021

Mullahoran St Joseph's entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify for the final from the group stage.

The final was played on 5 November 2021 at Kingspan Breffni Park in Cavan, between Cootehill Celtic and Pearse Óg, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cootehill Celtic won the match by 2–12 to 2–11 to claim their sixth championship title overall and a first title in five years.
Melinninae
Melinninae are a subfamily of the Ampharetidae, belonging to the Terebellida (bristle worms).

The Mellinninae are described firstly by Ralph V. Chamberlin in The Annelida Polychaeta, 1919.

On page 443 he states:

" One or two stout dorsal spines caudad of the branchiae on each side; number of somites large, near seventy or more...Melinninae",

. The WoRMS currently lists eleven direct children of the subfamily.

Ampharetidae
Ampharetidae are a family of terebellid "bristle worm" (class Polychaeta). As such, they belong to the order Canalipalpata, one of the three main clades of polychaetes. They appear to be most closely related to the peculiar alvinellids (Alvinellidae) which inhabit the deep sea, and somewhat less closely to the well-known trumpet worms (Pectinariidae). These three appear to form one of the main clades of terebellids.

Almost all are (like polychaetes in general) marine organisms; some inhabit brackish or freshwater though. Most are smallish deposit feeders which frequently live in small tubes they build from mud or similar substrate, or burrow in the sand.
Corf (mining)
A corf (pl. corves)  also spelt corve (pl. corves) in mining is a wicker basket or a small human powered (in later times in the case of the larger mines, horse drawn) minecart for carrying or transporting coal, ore, etc. Human powered corfs had generally been phased out by the turn of the 20th century, with horse drawn corfs having been mostly replaced by horse drawn or motorised minecarts mounted on rails by the late 1920s. Also similar is a Tram, originally a box on runners, dragged like a sledge.

Mine railway
A mine railway (or mine railroad, U.S.), sometimes pit railway, is a railway constructed to carry materials and workers in and out of a mine. Materials transported typically include ore, coal, and overburden (also called variously spoils, waste, slack, culm, and tilings; all meaning waste rock). It is little remembered, but the mix of heavy and bulky materials which had to be hauled into and out of mines gave rise to the first several generations of railways, at first made of wooden rails, but eventually adding protective iron, steam locomotion by fixed engines and the earliest commercial steam locomotives, all in and around the works around mines.
Opal Palmer Adisa
Opal Palmer Adisa (born 6 November 1954) is a Jamaican and American poet, novelist, performance artist and educator. Anthologized in more than 400 publications, she has been a regular performer of her work internationally. Professor Emeritus at California College of the Arts, Adisa is also the current Director of the Institute for Gender and Development Studies at the University of the West Indies, Mona Campus in Jamaica, where she currently resides.

McColl Center for Art + Innovation
McColl Center (formerly McColl Center for Art + Innovation) is an artist residency and contemporary art space located at 721 North Tryon Street in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Residencies last from two months to eleven months and are available to visual artists as well as creative people in other disciplines. The mission of McColl Center is to encourage collaboration and interaction between artists and the community at large in an immersive atmosphere.

McColl Center is a 501(c)(3) organization.
Brzezinki, Kielce County
Brzezinki [bʐɛˈʑinki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Masłów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Masłów and 12 km (7 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Masłów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Masłów [ˈmaswuf] (officially Masłów Pierwszy, Masłów I) is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Masłów. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The local church contains a monumental Altar of Transfiguration of Jesus and also Stations of the Cross designed by Józef Gosławski.

There is also a sport airfield Kielce-Masłów Airport.
1979 U.S. Women's Open
The 1979 U.S. Women's Open was the 34th U.S. Women's Open, held July 12–15 at Brooklawn Country Club in Fairfield, Connecticut.

Jerilyn Britz won her first LPGA Tour event (and only major), two shots ahead of runners-up Debbie Massey and Sandra Palmer.

Co-leading after the first round and leading after the second, Britz shot a four-over-par 75 in the third round on Saturday. She entered the final round three strokes behind Massey and shot a two-under 69 for an even-par 284 total.

Fairfield, Connecticut
Fairfield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It borders the city of Bridgeport and towns of Trumbull, Easton, Weston, and Westport along the Gold Coast of Connecticut. As of 2020, the town had a population of 61,512. The town is part of the Greater Bridgeport Planning Region. Fairfield is a hub of higher education, enrolling more than 17,000 students between Sacred Heart University and Fairfield University.
Sirko's campaigns
Sirko's campaigns were a series of raids and military actions carried out by Cossack leader Ivan Sirko during his fight against Crimean Khanate, Nogai Horde and Ottoman Empire, in 1654–1679.

Ivan Sirko's campaigns played a crucial role in weakening the Crimean Khanate, forcing the Tatars to retreat from areas of the Pontic–Caspian steppe and paved a way for settlers from Ukraine, which contributed to civilization of the Wild Fields.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Aki Collins
David "Aki" Collins is an American basketball coach.  Collins currently serves as the director of recruiting for Overtime Elite.

Collins is originally from Brooklyn and is a 1997 graduate of Clark Atlanta University.  Collins spent time as an assistant coach at University of Colorado (1997-2000), Howard University (2000-2003), Marshall University (2003-2006), and Fairfield University (2006-2008) before accepting a position at Marquette under Buzz Williams.  While at Marquette, Collins gained a reputation as a good recruiter, assisting the Golden Eagles to two top-25 ranked recruiting classes during his tenure.

On May 27, 2012, Collins accepted an assistant coach position at the University of Memphis.  In Collins' first few months with the program, he assisted the Tigers in securing the commitment of highly ranked frontcourt player Kuran Iverson.

Buzz Williams
Brent Langdon "Buzz" Williams (born September 1, 1972) is an American basketball coach who is the head coach at the University of Maryland. He previously served as head coach at Texas A&M from 2019 to 2025, Virginia Tech from 2014 to 2019, Marquette from 2008 to 2014, and New Orleans during the 2006–07 season, and as an assistant coach at Texas-Arlington, Texas A&M–Kingsville, Northwestern State, Colorado State, and Texas A&M.

Williams has been known to bring struggling and mid-tier programs to new heights throughout his career. He has also garnered a reputation for never staying at a program for more than six seasons. He coached at Marquette for six seasons, Virginia Tech for five, and Texas A&M for six.
Kottiyoor Vysakha Mahotsavam
Kottiyoor Vysakha Mahotsavam (Sanskrit: वैशाख महोत्सव) is an annual 27-day Hindu pilgrimage held in Kottiyoor, Kerala. The festival commemorates the Daksha Yaga, a significant event in Hindu mythology. Similar to the Kumbh Mela at Prayag, the pilgrimage features ritual ablutions. The site is not classified as a conventional temple due to the absence of permanent structures. Instead, a temporary hermitage constructed with Palmyra leaves, known as Yajna Bhoomi, serves as the focal point of the rituals. Kottiyoor is also referred to as Dakshina Kasi (the Varanasi of the South) for its religious significance.

Gana
The word gaṇa (Sanskrit: गण Sanskrit pronunciation: [ɡɐ.ɳɐ́]) in Sanskrit and Pali means "flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, category, series, or clan". It can also be used to refer to a "body of attendants" and can refer to "a company, any assemblage or association of men formed for the attainment of the same aims". The word "gana" can also refer to councils or assemblies convened to discuss matters of religion or other topics.

In Hinduism, the Gaṇas are attendants of Shiva and live on Mount Kailash. Ganesha was chosen as their leader by Shiva; the deity's title is gaṇeśa or gaṇapati, meaning, "lord or leader of the ganas". They are referred to as Shivaganas or Rudraganas and Rudraganikas are considered the female equivalents.
Languages of North Macedonia
The official language of North Macedonia is Macedonian, while Albanian has co-official status. Macedonian is spoken by roughly two-thirds of the population natively, and as a second language by much of the rest of the population. Albanian is the largest minority language. There are a further five national minority languages: Turkish, Romani, Serbian, Bosnian, and Aromanian. The Macedonian Sign Language is the country's official sign language.

Konče Municipality
Konče (Macedonian: Кончеⓘ; Turkish: Konçe Belediyesi) is a municipality in the eastern part of North Macedonia. Konče is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. This municipality is part of the Southeastern Statistical Region.

Located below the slopes of Mount Serta, Konče is approximately 150 km away from the Skopje, North Macedonia's capital, on the Radovis-Strumica highway.  The Municipality of Konce has a total area of 233.05 sq. Km and, as of the 2002 census, had a total population of 3,690 inhabitants. The ethnic composition of the Municipality of Konče's population consists primarily of Macedonians, but there is a significant Turkish minority. The current mayor of the Municipality of Konče is Blagoj Iliev.