hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unclean spirit
In English translations of the Bible, unclean spirit is a common rendering of Greek pneuma akatharton (πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον; plural pneumata akatharta (πνεύματα ἀκάθαρτα)), which in its single occurrence in the Septuagint translates Hebrew ruaḥ tum'ah (רוּחַ טוּמְאָה).

The Greek term appears  21 times in the New Testament in the context of demonic possession. It is also translated into English as spirit of impurity or more loosely as "evil spirit." The Latin equivalent is spiritus immundus.

The association of physical and spiritual cleanliness is, if not universal, widespread and continues into the 21st century: "To be virtuous is to be physically clean and free from the impurity that is sin," notes an article in Scientific American published 10 March 2009. Some scholarship seeks to differentiate between "unclean spirit" and "evil spirit" (pneuma ponêron) or "demon" (daimonion).

Magic in the Greco-Roman world
Magic in the Greco-Roman world – that is, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and the other cultures with which they interacted, especially ancient Egypt – comprises supernatural practices undertaken by individuals, often privately, that were not under the oversight of official priesthoods attached to the various state, community, and household cults and temples as a matter of public religion. Private magic was practiced throughout Greek and Roman cultures as well as among  Jews  and early Christians of the Roman Empire. Primary sources for the study of Greco-Roman magic include the Greek Magical Papyri, curse tablets, amulets, and literary texts such as Ovid's Fasti and Pliny the Elder's Natural History.
Bridge of the Twenty-Three Camels
Bridge of the Twenty-Three Camels is the official name of the highway bridge over the Fraser River at Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada, on BC Highway 99. It replaced the older 1913-vintage Lillooet Suspension Bridge, just upstream, which had no highway designation but connected the town to BC Highway 12, a designation which today only refers to the Lillooet-Lytton highway but, until the extension of the 99 designation from Pemberton, also included the Lillooet-Cache Creek highway.

The name references the Cariboo camels imported to the region to haul freight in 1862. As something of a joke on this name, the crossing of the Yalakom River at Moha, a small concrete truss span, sports the sign "Bridge of the Twenty-Three Chipmunks".

The bridge was opened on June 26, 1981 by Transportation and Highways Minister Alex Fraser and Thomas Waterland, Minister of Forests and the MLA for Yale-Lillooet.

Moha, British Columbia
Moha is a rural locality located at the confluence of the Bridge and Yalakom Rivers, 30 km northwest of Lillooet, British Columbia, Canada.  The name derives from that of a rock formation on the north (right) bank of the Yalakom River overlooking the confluence, meaning "land of plenty"  and which was adopted as the name of the Moha Ranch, one of several small ranches and farms in the area, which is located on the benchland above the rock formation.

The surrounding rural neighbourhood, which includes land-holdings up the Yalakom River, and along the Bridge River from Michelmoon Creek  in the Bridge River Canyon downstream to Antoine Creek, is known locally in the Lillooet Country region as Yalakom (as opposed to "the Yalakom", which refers to the basin and terrain of the Yalakom River and includes uninhabited areas far upstream from Moha/Yalakom).
Swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event, which was established in 1912. The competition was held on Thursday 9 August 1928.

The United States replaced two swimmers between the semi-finals and the final, while France replaced one. Thirty-one swimmers from seven nations competed.

Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows only these four swimmers from the United States as gold medalist. Susan Laird and Josephine McKim both swam in the semi-final are not credited with medals.

Swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics
At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, eleven swimming events were contested, six for men and five for women. The competitions were held from Saturday August 4, 1928, to Saturday August 11, 1928.

There were 182 participants from 28 countries competing.
Homestead, Portland, Oregon
Homestead is a Southwest Portland, Oregon, United States, neighborhood in the city's West Hills.  The neighborhood is home to Marquam Nature Park (SW Marquam St. & Sam Jackson Park Rd.), which offers urban hiking in the form of the Marquam Trail, which one can follow to Downtown.  Scenic Terwilliger Boulevard also passes through the neighborhood.

Though primarily residential, the northern portion of the neighborhood includes two regionally important medical complexes on Marquam Hill: the main campus of Oregon Health & Science University, and Portland Veteran Affairs Medical Center. Portland Aerial Tram connects these complexes to the South Waterfront district in the South Portland neighborhood on the Willamette River south of Downtown.

South Waterfront, Portland, Oregon
The South Waterfront is a high-rise district under construction on former brownfield industrial land in the South Portland neighborhood south of downtown Portland, Oregon, U.S. It is one of the largest urban redevelopment projects in the United States.  It is connected to downtown Portland by the Portland Streetcar and MAX Orange Line (at South Waterfront/SW Moody Station), and to the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) main campus atop Marquam Hill by the Portland Aerial Tram, as well as roads to Interstate 5 and Oregon Route 43.
John Duncan McRae
John Duncan McRae (May 28, 1915 – June 25, 1999) was an American-Canadian politician, businessman and merchant who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) representing the riding of Prince Rupert from 1949 to 1952 as a member of the Liberal-Conservative Coalition. In the 1952 general election, McRae ran for reelection as a member of the Liberal Party, but lost to George Edwin Hills.

George Edwin Hills
George Edwin Hills (June 30, 1905 – April 3, 1978) was an English-Canadian politician and contractor who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) representing the riding of Prince Rupert from 1952 to 1953 as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and mayor of Prince Rupert from 1954 to 1957.
Bulkworthy
Bulkworthy is a village and civil parish in the Torridge district of Devon, England, about 9 miles southwest of Great Torrington, and on the River Torridge.  According to the 2001 census it had a population of 83. It is listed in the Domesday Book as Buchesworde.

Torridge District
50°53′35″N 4°15′54″W﻿ / ﻿50.893°N 4.265°W﻿ / 50.893; -4.265

Torridge is a local government district in north-west Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Bideford. The district also includes the towns of Great Torrington, Holsworthy and Northam, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The island of Lundy forms part of the district. The district is named after the River Torridge.

The district's coast is recognised for its natural beauty, forming part of the North Devon Coast, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The South West Coast Path runs through the area.

The neighbouring districts are North Devon, Mid Devon, West Devon and Cornwall.
Miramella
Miramella is a small genus of short-horned grasshoppers in the subfamily Melanoplinae. They are found in Europe and eastern Asia. As of January 2019, Orthoptera Species File lists seven species in three subgenera. The genus was first named in 1932. Miramella is the type genus of the subtribe Miramellina (Acrididae: Melanoplinae: Podismini).

Species in the genus Mirabella occur in a variety of habitats, with some found at up to 2,800 m (9,200 ft) above sea level in the Swiss alps, including alpine, subalpine, montane, and submontane meadows. The conservation status of three species have been assessed on the IUCN Red List—Miramella carinthiaca, M. irena, and M. alpina. They are each listed as species of "least concern".

Melanoplinae
The Melanoplinae are a subfamily of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. They are distributed across the Holarctic and Neotropical realms. They are one of the two largest subfamilies in the Acrididae. As of 2001 the Melanoplinae contained over 800 species in over 100 genera, with more species being described continuously.
Hume Castle
Hume Castle is the heavily modified remnants of a late 12th- or early 13th-century castle of enceinte held by the powerful Hume or Home family, Wardens of the Eastern March who became successively the Lords Home and the Earls of Home. The village of Hume is located between Greenlaw and Kelso, two miles north of the village of Stichill, in Berwickshire, Scotland. (OS ref.- NT704413). It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, recorded as such by Historic Environment Scotland.

Standing as it does, on an impressive height above its eponymous castleton, it commands fine prospects across the Merse, with views to the English border at Carter Bar. It had historically been used as a beacon to warn of invasion.
Its enormous walls were created in the 18th century but remnants of the central keep and other features can still be seen.

Greenlaw
Greenlaw is a town and civil parish situated in the foothills of the Lammermuir Hills on Blackadder Water at the junction of the A697 and the A6105 in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland.  At the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 661.
Shajing culture
The Shajing culture (Ch: 沙井文化, 800/700–100 BCE), is an ancient Iron Age culture in the area of Gansu, to the northwest of the Central Plains of China. The village of Shajing is about 250 km northwest of Wuwei, while the village of Yushugou, another important Shajing site, is about 140 km to its southeast. The Shajing culture is closely associated to the Saka culture of the Xinjiang, the Ordos culture of Inner Mongolia and the Upper Xiajiadian culture of Liaoning. It was a culture essentially based on pastoral nomadism. As of 2017, seven sites had been excavated and almost as many fortified settlements built with walls of compacted loess.

Xirong
Xirong (Chinese: 西戎; pinyin: Xīróng; Wade–Giles: Hsi-jung; lit. 'Western warlike people') or Rong were various people who lived primarily in and around the western extremities of ancient China (in modern Gansu and Qinghai). They were known as early as the Shang dynasty (1765–1122 BCE), as one of the Four Barbarians that frequently (and often violently) interacted with the sinitic Huaxia civilization. They typically resided to the west of Guanzhong Plains from the Zhou dynasty (1046–221 BCE) onwards. They were mentioned in some ancient Chinese texts as perhaps genetically and linguistically related to the people of the Chinese civilization.
Popliteal
Popliteal refers to anatomical structures located in the back of the knee:

Popliteal artery

Popliteal vein

Popliteal fossa

Popliteal lymph nodes

Popliteus muscle

Popliteal nerves

Popliteal pterygium syndrome

Popliteal fossa
The popliteal fossa (also referred to as hough or kneepit in analogy to the cubital fossa) is a shallow depression located at the back of the knee joint. The bones of the popliteal fossa are the femur and the tibia. Like other flexion surfaces of large joints (groin, armpit, cubital fossa and essentially the anterior part of the neck), it is an area where blood vessels and nerves pass relatively superficially, and with an increased number of lymph nodes.
Mount Peck
Mount Peck, is a mountain in the Tower of London Range of the Muskwa Ranges of the Northern Canadian Rockies in British Columbia. It has a prominence of 582 metres (1,909 ft).  Its line parent is Constable Peak, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) away.

Until 1987 it was named Mount Stalin, when its name was changed to recognize Don Peck, a trapper, guide and outfitter from the area. This renaming occurred as a result of the advocacy of Dr. Lubomyr Luciuk and Dr. Bohdan Kordan, with the support of the Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties Association.

Tower of London Range
The Tower of London Range is a sub-range of the Northern Rocky Mountains in northern British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of the Tuchodi Lakes at the northwest end of the Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park to the southwest of Fort Nelson.
Chontan station
Ch'ŏnt'an station is a railway station in Ch'ŏnt'al-li, Kowŏn County, South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea, on the Kangwŏn Line of the Korean State Railway. The station, along with the rest of the Okp'yŏng–Kowŏn–Kŭmya section of the former Hamgyong Line, was opened by the Japanese on 21 July 1916.

Ongpyong station
Ongp'yŏng station is a railway station in Ongp'yŏng-dong, greater Munch'ŏn city, Kangwŏn province, North Korea, on the Kangwŏn Line of the Korean State Railway; it is also the starting point of the Munch'ŏn Port Line to Koam.
Egyptian e-Learning University
National Egyptian E-Learning University (EELU) (Arabic: الجامعة المصرية للتعلم الإلكترونى الأهلية) is a non-profit Egyptian National University, and the first Egyptian university to offer E-Learning services. EELU was established through Decree No. 233 by the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt on August 16, 2008 to provide distance education through 24-hour online learning. As at 2024, the director of the University is Dr. Ahmed Abu Al-Magd and the director of student affairs is Khaled Hashem. In August 2023, the university was shortlisted as the 'Student Recruitment Campaign of the Year' by the Times Higher Education Awards MENA.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Yomju County
Yŏmju County is a kun, or county, in northwestern North P'yŏngan province, North Korea, on the coast of the Yellow Sea.  It is bordered by Ryongch'ŏn and P'ihyŏn to the north, Tongrim to the east, and Ch'ŏlsan to the south; to the west lies the ocean. The county was created in 1952 from portions of Ch'ŏlsan and Ryongch'ŏn.

Ryongchon County
Ryongch'ŏn County is a kun (county) in North P'yŏngan province, North Korea, at the mouth of the Yalu River. The county seat is Ryongch'ŏn-ŭp, about 20 km (12 mi) from the border with China. The area has a reported population of 27,000 and is a centre of chemical and metalworking production.
Wudai Huiyao
Wudai Huiyao (Chinese: 五代會要; lit. 'Institutions of the Five Dynasties') is a Chinese historiography book on the Five Dynasties (907–960) in Chinese history. It was compiled by the Northern Song chancellor Wang Pu, who had personally served the last two of the Five Dynasties, namely the Later Han and the Later Zhou.

After collecting as much information on government systems in the chaotic period as he could find, he carefully examined the material before compiling it into Wudai Huiyao. The work was presented, along with Wang's Tang Huiyao, the Tang dynasty counterpart, to Emperor Taizu of Song. It was published in 30 chapters.

Later Han (Five Dynasties)
Han, known as the Later Han (simplified Chinese: 后汉; traditional Chinese: 後漢; pinyin: Hòu Hàn) in historiography, was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China that existed from 947 to 951. It was the fourth of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history, and the third consecutive Shatuo-led Chinese dynasty, although other sources indicate that the Later Han emperors claimed patrilineal Han ancestry. It was among the shortest-lived of all Chinese regimes, lasting for slightly under four years before it was overthrown by a rebellion that resulted in the founding of the Later Zhou dynasty. Remnants of the Later Han then founded the Northern Han dynasty.
Canyon Dam (Sri Lanka)
The Canyon Dam  is a large arch-gravity dam built across the Maskeliya Oya, 4.5 km (2.8 mi) upstream of the iconic Laxapana Falls, in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. The associated power station plays a major role in the national power grid, due to its significant output.
The dam is surrounded by steel structures of the substation.

Arch–gravity dam
An arch–gravity dam is a dam with the characteristics of both an arch dam and a gravity dam. It is a dam that curves upstream in a narrowing curve that directs most of the force from the water against the canyon rock walls, which provide the force to compress the dam. It combines the strengths of two common dam forms and is a compromise between the two. They are made of conventional concrete, roller-compacted concrete (RCC), or masonry. A typical example of the conventional concrete dam is the Hoover Dam. Changuinola Dam is an example of the RCC arch–gravity dam. A gravity dam requires a large volume of internal fill. An arch–gravity dam can be thinner than a pure gravity dam and requires less internal fill.
Preston Rifles
The Preston Rifles, later the 4th Battalion, Loyal North Lancashire Regiment, was a volunteer unit of the British Army from 1859 until the 1950s. It served as infantry on the Western Front and in Ireland during the First World War, and as an air defence unit during The Blitz and the campaign in North West Europe during the Second World War.

Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut
The Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, commonly referred to as Deepcut Barracks, is a former British Army installation near Camberley, Surrey. It was the headquarters of the Royal Logistic Corps (RLC) and also the Defence College of Logistics, Policing and Administration, before both moved to Worthy Down Camp.
Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.

Enol
In organic chemistry, enols are a type of functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry. Formally, enols are derivatives of vinyl alcohol, with a C=C−OH connectivity.  The term enol is an abbreviation of alkenol, a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and "-ol"/"alcohol".

Keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a "keto" form (a carbonyl, named for the common ketone case) and an enol. The tautomeric interconversion involves hydrogen atom movement and the reorganisation of bonding electrons.

Many kinds of enols are known, but very few are stable compounds.  However, deprotonation of organic carbonyls gives enolate anions, which are important in organic reaction strategies as a strong nucleophile.
Melbourne Bowl
The Melbourne Bowl  is a proposed NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision college football bowl game to be played in Melbourne, Australia at Marvel Stadium. The college conferences that would have tie-ins with the bowl are the Pac-12 Conference and the Mountain West Conference.  It would be the third FBS bowl game played outside the United States after the defunct International Bowl and present-day Bahamas Bowl.

Bahamas Bowl
The Bahamas Bowl is an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision college football bowl game that has been contested nine times since 2014 in Nassau, Bahamas, at the 15,000-seat Thomas Robinson Stadium. The bowl has tie-ins with the Mid-American Conference and Conference USA.

The game was not played following the 2020 season, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, nor the 2023 and 2025 seasons, due to stadium renovations.

For the December 2023 edition, the game was replaced by a bowl game at Jerry Richardson Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, due to renovations at Thomas Robinson Stadium. This edition was known as the Famous Toastery Bowl, reflecting the title sponsor of the relocated game.

The Bahamas Bowl was not played following the 2025 football season; future plans for the bowl are unclear. Instead, the Xbox Bowl was played at Ford Center at the Star in Frisco, Texas.
Landing at Ystad
The Landing at Ystad (Danish: Landgangen ved Ysted, Swedish: Landningen vid Ystad), also known as the Battle of Ystad, (Danish: Slaget ved Ysted, Swedish: Slaget vid Ystad) was an amphibious attack and landing at Ystad performed by a Dano-Dutch fleet on 27 June 1676 during the Scanian War. The landing was a success, and the Swedish garrison and relief force were forced to retreat.

Ystad
Ystad (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈy̌ːsta(d)]) is a town and the seat of Ystad Municipality, in Scania County, Sweden. Ystad had 18,350 inhabitants in 2010. The settlement dates from the 11th century and has become a busy ferryport, local administrative centre, and tourist attraction.
Leap year starting on Friday
A leap year starting on Friday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Friday 1 January and ends on Saturday 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are CB. The most recent year of such kind was 2016, and the next one will be 2044 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 2000 and 2028 in the obsolete Julian calendar.

Any leap year that starts on Friday has only one Friday the 13th: the only one in this leap year occurs in May. Common years starting on Saturday share this characteristic. This is also the only year in which February has five Mondays, as the leap day adds that extra Monday.

This year has two months (May and October) which begin on a weekend-day. Since at least one month begins on each day of the week in all years, this is the fewest possible number of months to begin on a weekend-day in a given year; this also occurs in a common year starting on Friday, in which case the two months are May and August.

Friday the 13th
Friday the 13th is considered an unlucky day in Western superstition. It occurs when the 13th day of the month in the Gregorian calendar falls on a Friday, which happens at least once every year but can occur up to three times in the same year.
For a month to have a Friday the 13th, the first day of the month must be a Sunday.
Division of Cowan
The Division of Cowan (/kaʊən/) is an Australian Electoral Division in Western Australia.

Cowan is an inner-northern Perth seat lying generally between Morley Drive and Hepburn Avenue, extending from the Mitchell Freeway in the west to the Tonkin Highway and Lord Street in the east.

Cowan was once a marginal seat, but is now strongly held by the Australian Labor Party. The current MP is Anne Aly, and member of Labor and the first Muslim woman elected to federal parliament. She speaks Arabic and has previously worked in the Western Australia public service as a senior policy advisor.

City of Stirling
The City of Stirling is a local government area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth about 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of 105.2 square kilometres (40.6 sq mi) and has a population of over 223,000, making it the largest local government area by population in Western Australia.