hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Talfit
Talfit (Arabic: تلفيت) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in the northern West Bank, located  southeast of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, it had a population of 3,591 in 2017.

Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate (Arabic: محافظة نابلس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Nāblus) is an administrative district of Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus which serves as the muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The governor of the district is Mahmoud Aloul.
Assembly (realizability)
In theoretical computer science and mathematical logic, assemblies can be informally described as sets equipped with representations for elements. Realizability toposes are completions of assembly categories.

Partial combinatory algebra
In theoretical computer science and mathematical logic, specifically in realizability, a partial combinatory algebra (pca) is an algebraic structure which abstracts a model of computation. The definition of pcas uses an idea from combinatory logic. The realizability topos over a pca is a model of higher-order intuitionistic logic where informally every function is computable in the model of computation specified by the pca.
Basnet
Basnet/Basnyat (Nepali: बस्‍नेत/बस्न्यात) is a surname of Khasas of Nepal and India.
It is commonly found among Jharra Chhetri.

There are five different branches of Basnets in Nepal:

The Shreepali (Sripali) Jumli Basnets of Jumla bharadwaja later Gorkha.

The Khulal Basnets of Dhananjaya Gotriya

The Khaptari (Khaptadi Basnyat)King of Khaptad Raghuvanshi Kshatriya Kaushik gotriya

The Khaptadi Basnets with Kaushalaya gotra

The Lamichhane; Garga gotriya Basnets

Lamichhane
Lamichhane (Nepali: लामिछाने) is a surname found in Nepal. Used by Bahun, Chhetri, Magar and Gurung, the name originates from Lamachhini village in west central Nepal. Some notable Lamichhane include:

Gopal Chandra Lamichhane (b. 1974), Nepalese film director

Jiba Lamichhane, Nepalese businessman

Khagendra Lamichhane, Nepalese actor, writer and director

Rabi Lamichhane, Nepalese politician and journalist

Sandeep Lamichhane (b. 2000), Nepalese cricketer

Santosh Lamichhane, Nepalese writer

Sarita Lamichhane (b. 1975), Nepalese actress

Shankar Lamichhane, Nepalese writer

Sajan Lamichhane (born 23 August 2001)  Nepali cricket photographer and photojournalist
German Canadians
German Canadians (German: Deutschkanadier or Deutsch-Kanadier, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃkaˌnaːdi̯ɐ]) are Canadian citizens of German ancestry or Germans who emigrated to and reside in Canada. According to the 2021 census, there are 2,955,695 Canadians with full or partial German ancestry. Some immigrants came from what is today Germany, while larger numbers came from German settlements in Eastern Europe and Imperial Russia; others came from parts of the German Confederation, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland.

Foreign Protestants
The Foreign Protestants were a group of non-British Protestant immigrants to Nova Scotia, primarily originating from France and Germany. They largely settled in Halifax at Gottingen Street (named after the German town of Göttingen) and Dutch Village Road as well as Lunenburg.
Camp Plymouth State Park
Camp Plymouth State Park is a 295-acre state park on 96-acre Echo Lake in Ludlow, Vermont.

Activities includes swimming, hiking, picnicking, fishing, boating, horseback riding, wildlife watching, winter sports and group camping.

Facilities include a swimming beach, group and horse camping facilities, playground, picnic area with grills, cabin rentals, boat rentals and a car-top boat launch. There are three group picnic pavilions that are available for rent.

Ludlow (town), Vermont
Ludlow is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,172 at the 2020 census. Ludlow is the home of Okemo Mountain, a popular ski resort. Before becoming a ski destination, Ludlow was originally a mill town, and was the home of a General Electric plant until 1977. It was arguably the most impacted by the flooding and natural disaster which ravaged Vermont in July 2023. The town of Ludlow was named after Ludlow, Massachusetts which is less than 100 miles away. There is also, where the town started, a village of Ludlow located in the town.
Hittite Glory
Hittite Glory (18 April 1973 – 14 November 1996) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire, best known for his 100/1 success in the 1975 Flying Childers Stakes. As a two-year-old, he won one of his first four races before recording his upset win in the Flying Childers and then won a second major prize when taking the Middle Park Stakes. He was rated the second best colt of his generation in Britain. In the following year he was trained in France but failed to win in six races. In all, he won three of his thirteen races between June 1975 and September 1976. He stood as a breeding stallion in Europe and Japan but has not a success.

Nunthorpe Stakes
The Nunthorpe Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged two years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 5 furlongs (1,006 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Alfred Brauner
Alfred Brauner (3 July 1910 – 1 December 2002) was an Austrian-born French scholar, author and sociologist, who was a volunteer in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War and an Austrian Resistance member during Occupied France. He has devoted his life to educating refugee, displaced and maladjusted children, participating in the welcoming of Jewish child survivors of the Kristallnacht and of the Nazi concentration camps of Buchenwald and Auschwitz from 1939 to 1946. An early writer on infantile autism, he also pioneered the analysis of children's drawings in war, creating from 1937 the first collection of drawing-testimonials to offer a unique perspective of the major conflicts of the 20th century through the eyes of children.

Österreichische Freiheitsfront
The Österreichische Freiheitsfront (English: Austrian Freedom Front) was an anti-fascist organization created by Austrian and German communist refugees in Brussels and Paris during the Second World War occupation of Belgium and France by Nazi Germany. It took an active part in the Belgian and French Resistance.
St. Wendel (electoral district)
St. Wendel is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 298. It is located in northeastern Saarland, comprising the Sankt Wendel district, the northern part of the Neunkirchen district, and parts of the Saarlouis and Saarbrücken districts.

St. Wendel was created for the inaugural 1957 federal election after the accession of Saarland to Germany. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Christian Petry of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Roland Theis of the  CDU.

Saarlouis (district)
Saarlouis (Sarrelouis in French) is a Kreis (district) in the middle of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are Merzig-Wadern, Sankt Wendel, Neunkirchen, Saarbrücken, and the French département Moselle.
Balleny fracture zone
Balleny fracture zone (62°S 156°E﻿ / ﻿62°S 156°E﻿ / -62; 156) is a fracture zone in the Southern Ocean that extends south towards the Balleny Islands. The name was approved by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features in December 1971.

Fracture zone
A fracture zone is a linear feature on the ocean floor—often hundreds, even thousands of kilometers long—resulting from the action of offset mid-ocean ridge axis segments. They are a consequence of plate tectonics.  Lithospheric plates on either side of an active transform fault move in opposite directions; here, strike-slip activity occurs.  Fracture zones extend past the transform faults, away from the ridge axis; are usually seismically inactive (because both plate segments are moving in the same direction), although they can display evidence of transform fault activity, primarily in the different ages of the crust on opposite sides of the zone.

In actual usage, many transform faults aligned with fracture zones are often loosely referred to as "fracture zones" although technically, they are not. They can be associated with other tectonic features and may be subducted or distorted by later tectonic activity. They are usually defined with bathymetric, gravity and magnetic studies.
International Academic Association for the Enhancement of Learning in Higher Education
The Institute for Learning in Higher Education (LiHE) was set up in 2007 to advance learning centred higher education. It functions a network bringing together international researchers and practitioners within higher education, to further advance research in this area. LiHE is voluntarily run by a group of co-directors, all serving as professors at various universities and business schools.

The executive director of LiHE is Professor Dr. Claus Nygaard (Copenhagen Business School, Denmark). Co-directors are Professor Dr. John Branch (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor); Professor Dr. Paul Bartholomew (Aston University, Birmingham). Previous co-directors are Dr. Nigel Courtney (Cass Business School, London); Professor Clive Holtham (Cass Business School, London).

Bayes Business School
Bayes Business School, formerly known as Cass Business School, is the business school of City St George's, University of London, located in Finsbury in the London Borough of Islington, just to the north of the City of London. It was established in 1966.

Bayes Business School is divided into the three faculties of actuarial science and insurance, finance, and management. It awards BSc (Hons), MSc, MBA, and PhD degrees and is one of around 100 schools globally to be triple accredited by the AMBA in the United Kingdom, EQUIS in Europe, the AACSB in the United States and the Triple accreditation.
1995 Asian Women's Handball Championship
The 1995 Asian Women's Handball Championship, the fifth Asian Championship, which was taking place from 6 to 8 May 1995 in Seoul, South Korea. It acts as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 1995 World Women's Handball Championship.

Asian Women's Handball Championship
The AHF Asian Women's Handball Championship is a biennial continental handball competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Asian Handball Federation (AHF). Since 2018, it also includes teams from Oceania. The competition also serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF World Women's Handball Championship.

The current champion is Japan, which won its 2nd title at the 2024 tournament.
Stephen Carroll (musician)
Stephen Carroll is a Canadian rock guitarist, and a member of the indie rock band The Weakerthans. Originally a member of the punk rock band Painted Thin, he appeared as a guest musician on the first Weakerthans album, Fallow, and became a permanent member after Painted Thin broke up.

He also appeared as a guest musician on Greg Graffin's solo album Cold as the Clay, along with bandmates Jason Tait and Greg Smith.

Alongside Brandon Reid (The National), Carroll co-produced The Details' full-length album Lost Art, a pair of songs on The Details' The Original Mark EP, which he also plays on. He was also featured on their 2007 release, Draw a Distance. Draw a Border.

Greg Graffin
Gregory Walter Graffin (born November 6, 1964) is an American singer who is the lead vocalist and only constant member of the punk band Bad Religion, which he co-founded in 1980. He has also released three solo albums.

Graffin obtained his PhD in zoology at Cornell University and has lectured courses in natural sciences both at the University of California, Los Angeles and at Cornell University.
City of Maryborough (Victoria)
The City of Maryborough was a local government area about 170 kilometres (106 mi) northwest of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia, and the governing body for the regional centre of Maryborough. The city covered an area of 23.32 square kilometres (9.0 sq mi), and existed from 1857 until 1995.

The City of Maryborough was surrounded by the Shire of Tullaroop, which was united with Maryborough under the Shire of Central Goldfields, as part of a large-scale statewide amalgamation program by the Victorian Government in 1994–95.

Maryborough, Victoria
Maryborough (/ˈmɛəribərə/) is a town in Victoria, Australia, on the Pyrenees Highway, 58 kilometres (36 mi) north of Ballarat and 168 kilometres (104 mi) northwest of Melbourne, in the Shire of Central Goldfields. At the 2021 census, the urban centre had a population of 7,769, while the larger Level 2 Statistical Area which includes the urban fringe, had a population of 8,160, both an increase of more than 3% since 2016.
Mangshi
Mangshi (Chinese: 芒市; Wade–Giles: Mangshih; Tai Nüa: ᥝᥥᥒᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥑᥩᥢᥴ; Jingpho: Mangshi Myu), former name Luxi (潞西), is a county-level city and the seat of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in western Yunnan province, China. Mangshi has an area of 2,900.91 km2 (1,120.05 sq mi), with an urban area of 18.66 km2 (7.20 sq mi). Han Chinese, Dai people (Tai Nuea branch) and Jingpo people (Zaiwa branch) are the major ethnic groups. Luxi County was established in 1949, and became a county-level city in 1996.

General History of Chinese Administrative Divisions
The General History of Chinese Administrative Divisions (Chinese: 中国行政区划通史; pinyin: Zhōngguó Xíngzhèng Qūhuá Tōngshǐ) is a series of Chinese-language books published by Fudan University Press covering the history of Chinese administrative divisions from the earliest dynasties (Shang and Zhou) to the Republic of China (1912–1949). It comprises 13 volumes (volumes 3 and 6 consist of two books each), published between 2007 and 2016. The general editor is Zhou Zhenhe, senior professor of Fudan University. The series is China's first comprehensive academic history of the country's administrative divisions. It was one of the national key publishing projects supported by China's General Administration of Press and Publication. A second edition of the entire series was published in September 2017.
Church of Caucasian Albania
The Church of Albania or the Albanian Apostolic Church was an ancient, briefly autocephalous church established in the 5th century. In 705, it fell under the religious jurisdiction of the Armenian Apostolic Church as the Catholicosate of Aghvank centered in Caucasian Albania, a region spanning present-day northern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan.

In medieval times, the Gandzasar monastery served as the See of the Catholicosate of Aghvank of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which continued to exist until 1828 (or 1836) when it was formally abolished by the Russian authorities, following the forced cession of the last territories in the Caucasus maintained under Iranian Qajar rule per the Treaty of Turkmenchay and the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828).

Monophysitism
Monophysitism (/məˈnɒfɪsaɪtɪzəm/ mə-NOF-ih-seye-tih-zəm) or monophysism (/məˈnɒfɪzɪzəm/ mə-NOF-ih-zih-zəm; from Greek μόνος monos, "solitary" and φύσις physis, "nature") is a Christological doctrine that states that there was only one nature—the divine—in the person of Jesus Christ, who was the incarnated Word. It is rejected as heretical by the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Anglicanism, Lutheranism, Reformed Christianity (Calvinist), and all mainstream Protestant denominations, which hold to the dyophysitism of the 451 Council of Chalcedon—as well by Oriental Orthodoxy, which holds to miaphysitism.
Dimitar Gyuzelov
Dimitar Gyuzelov (Bulgarian: Димитър Гюзелов, Macedonian: Димитар Ѓузелев) was a Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary and philosopher. He is the father of Macedonian writer Bogomil Gyuzel and artist Liljana Gyuzelova, who between 1996 and 2006 worked on an art installation titled The Perpetual Return, dedicated to her father, his murder, and the stigma that the children of prominent Bulgarians who had been persecuted by the Yugoslav authorities after 1945 had to endure.

Macedonian Bulgarians
Macedonians (Bulgarian: македонци), or Macedonian Bulgarians (Bulgarian: македонски българи), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians, are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Macedonia. This is how the majority of Slavic-speaking population of Macedonia had been referred to by most of the national conscious minority among them and by outside observers, from the 10th until the early 20th century in a sense of a demonym at first, and later as an social class synonym mainly, and as an ethnonym. Since 1913, the Macedonian Bulgarian population is largely concentrated in Pirin Macedonia but much is spread across the whole of Bulgaria and the diaspora.
Morris–Lecar model
The Morris–Lecar model is a biological neuron model developed by professors Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar to reproduce the variety of oscillatory behavior in relation to Ca++ and K+ conductance in the muscle fiber of the giant barnacle . Morris–Lecar neurons exhibit both class I and class II neuron excitability.

Hodgkin–Huxley model
The Hodgkin–Huxley model, or conductance-based model, is a mathematical model that describes how action potentials in neurons are initiated and propagated. It is a set of nonlinear differential equations that approximates the electrical engineering characteristics of excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells. It is a continuous-time dynamical system.

Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley described the model in 1952 to explain the ionic mechanisms underlying the initiation and propagation of action potentials in the squid giant axon.  They received the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this work.
Feliksów, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Feliksów (Polish pronunciation: [fɛˈliksuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żelechlinek, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Żelechlinek, 24 km (15 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 43 km (27 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Żelechlinek
Żelechlinek [ʐɛlɛˈxlinɛk] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Żelechlinek. It lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 40 km (25 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Maní (Amazonian legend)
Maní, a Tupí myth of origins, is the name of an indigenous girl with very fair complexion. The Amazonian legend of Maní is related to the cult of Manioc, the native staple food that sprang from her grave.

Origin myth
An origin myth is a type of myth that explains the beginnings of a natural or social aspect of the world. Creation myths are a type of origin myth narrating the formation of the universe. However, numerous cultures have stories that take place after the initial origin. These stories aim to explain the origins of natural phenomena or human institutions within an already existing world. In Greco-Roman scholarship, the terms founding myth or etiological myth (from Ancient Greek: αἴτιον aition 'cause') are occasionally used to describe a myth that clarifies an origin, particularly how an object or custom came into existence.

In modern political discourse the terms "founding myth",  "foundational myth", etc. are often used as critical references to official or widely accepted narratives about the origins (or early history) of a nation, a society, or a culture.
Notalgia paresthetica
Notalgia paresthetica or notalgia paraesthetica (NP) (also known as "hereditary localized pruritus", "posterior pigmented pruritic patch", and "subscapular pruritus") is a chronic sensory neuropathy.  Notalgia paresthetica is a common localized itch, affecting mainly the area between the shoulder blades (especially the T2–T6 dermatomes) but occasionally with a more widespread distribution, involving the shoulders, back, and upper chest.: 402  The characteristic symptom is pruritus (itch or sensation that makes a person want to scratch) on the back, usually on the left hand side below the shoulder blade (mid to upper back). It is occasionally accompanied by pain, paresthesia (pins and needles), or hyperesthesia (unusual or pathologically increased sensitivity of the skin to sensory stimuli, such as pain, heat, cold, or touch), which results in a well circumscribed hyperpigmentation of a skin patch in the affected area.

Human back
The human back, also called the dorsum (pl.: dorsa), is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck. It is the surface of the body opposite from the chest and the abdomen. The vertebral column runs the length of the back and creates a central area of recession. The breadth of the back is created by the shoulders at the top and the pelvis at the bottom.

Back pain is a common medical condition, generally benign in origin.
19th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 19th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: كأس الخليج العربي) was the nineteenth edition of the biannual Gulf Cup competition. It took place in Muscat, Oman, from 4 to 17 January 2009, with Oman emerging as the winner for the first time in its history, following a penalty shootout against regional rivals Saudi Arabia.

The 19th Arabian Gulf Cup marked a milestone in the competition when it was broadcast for the first time in HD, and featured virtual graphics, such as distance between free kick barrier and the goal, 9.15 m circle for free-kicks, and off-side line detection with help from Al-Jazeera Sports. Many praised Al-Jazeera for their excellent coverage of the competition, noting that the camerawork was very similar to UEFA Euro 2008.

United Arab Emirates national football team
The United Arab Emirates national football team (Arabic: منتخب الإمَارَاتُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ الْمُتَّحِدَة لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents United Arab Emirates in men's international football and serves under the auspices of the country's Football Association.

It has made one FIFA World Cup appearance in 1990 in Italy and lost all three of its games. United Arab Emirates took fourth place in the 1992 AFC Asian Cup and runner-up in 1996 as host. It won the Arabian Gulf Cup in 2007 and 2013. It finished third in the 2015 AFC Asian Cup and hosted the 2019 edition in which it was eliminated in the semi-finals.
Diogue
Diogué is a village and an island in the rural community of Kafountine, Kataba Arrondissement, Bignona Department, Ziguinchor Region, Senegal. In 2003, there were 563 people and 78 households in Diogué.

Kataba Arrondissement
Kataba arrondissement is an arrondissement in Senegal. It is one of the 4 arrondissements in the Bignona Department of Ziguinchor Region in the south-west of the country. Previously known as Diouloulou, it was renamed in 2008 when Diouloulou town became an urban commune. The chief settlement is Kataba I. The arrondissement is divided into three rural districts (communautés rurales); Kataba 1, Djinaky and Kafountine.