hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023 Cheltenham Gold Cup
The 2023 Cheltenham Gold Cup (known as the Boodles Cheltenham Gold Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 95th annual running of the Cheltenham Gold Cup horse race and was held at Cheltenham Racecourse, Gloucestershire, England, on 17 March 2023.

The race was won by the 7-5 favourite Galopin Des Champs, owned by Mrs Audrey Turley, trained in Ireland by Willie Mullins and ridden by Paul Townend. Mullins and Townend were both winning the Cheltenham Gold Cup for a third time in five years, after the victories of Al Boum Photo in 2019 and 2020. Bravemansgame finished second and Conflated was third.

Cheltenham Gold Cup
51°55′13″N 2°3′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.92028°N 2.05778°W﻿ / 51.92028; -2.05778

The Cheltenham Gold Cup is a Grade 1 National Hunt horse race run on the New Course at Cheltenham Racecourse in England, over a distance of about 3 miles 2½ furlongs (3 miles 2 furlongs and 70 yards, or 5,294 m), and during its running there are 22 fences to be jumped. The race takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

The steeplechase, which is open to horses aged five years and over, is the most prestigious of all National Hunt events and it is sometimes referred to as the Blue Riband of jump-racing. Its roll of honour features the names of such chasers as Arkle, Best Mate, Golden Miller, Kauto Star, Denman and Mill House. The Gold Cup is the most valuable non-handicap chase in Britain, and in 2025 it offered a total prize fund of £625,000.
Fringe benefits tax
A fringe benefits tax (FBT) is  taxation of most, but not all fringe benefits, which are generally non-cash employee benefits.  The rationale behind FBT is that it helps restore equity and fairness to those employees who do not receive such benefits, and allows a Federal Government to more fairly assess taxpayer entitlement to government benefits, or liability to government taxes or levies.

This kind of taxation is done in a number of countries and the applicable laws vary. See the corresponding articles for details.

Fringe benefits tax (Australia)

Fringe benefits tax (New Zealand)

Fringe benefits tax (India)

Fringe benefits tax (New Zealand)
Fringe benefits tax (FBT) within the system of taxation in New Zealand is the tax applied to most, although not all, fringe benefits ("perks"), including the ones provided through someone other than an employer. FBT is paid to Inland Revenue by the employer and is calculated with reference to the taxable value of the benefit provided to the employee or associate.
Mohamed Touré (soccer, born 2004)
Mohamed Touré (moh-HAM-ed TOO-ray; born 26 March 2004) is a professional soccer player who plays as a striker for Norwich City. Born a Liberian refugee in Guinea, he plays for the Australia national team.

He began his professional career at Adelaide United making his debut and scoring his first goal for the club in February 2020, as the third youngest debutant and youngest goalscorer in A-League history at the age of 15. Following his breakthrough season, he joined Stade de Reims, initially playing in the reserves before making his first-team debut in May 2023.

Randers FC
Randers FC (Danish pronunciation: [ˈʁɑnɐs]) is a professional football club based in Randers, East Jutland, that plays in the Danish Superliga, the top flight of the Danish football league system. Founded on 1 January 2003, the club builds upon the license of Randers Freja, a former three-time Danish Cup winning team. As of 2022 the club had won the Danish Cup twice in its history. Randers plays its matches at the 10,300-capacity Cepheus Park Randers.
Newfoundland and Labrador Route 514
Route 514, also known as Charlottetown Highway, is a 29.5-kilometre-long (18.3 mi) north-south Highway in southeastern Labrador in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It connects the towns of Charlottetown and Pinsent's Arm with the Trans-Labrador Highway (Route 510). The road is unpaved. Cell phone reception along Route 514 is severely limited.

Labrador
Labrador (/ˈlæbrədɔːr/) is a geographic and cultural region within the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.  It is the primarily continental portion of the province and constitutes 71% of the province's area but is home to only 6% of its population. It is separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in the four Atlantic provinces.

Labrador occupies most of the eastern part of the Labrador Peninsula. It is bordered to the west and south by the province of Quebec. Labrador also shares a small land border with the territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island.

The indigenous peoples of Labrador include the Northern Inuit of Nunatsiavut, the Southern-Inuit of NunatuKavut, and the Innu of Nitassinan.
2007 Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid
The 2007 Madrid Masters (also known as the Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 6th edition of the Madrid Masters, and was part of the ATP Masters Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It took place at the Madrid Arena in Madrid, Spain, from October 15 through October 21, 2007.

The announced field was led by world No. 1, Australian Open, Wimbledon and US Open winner and defending champion Roger Federer, ATP No. 2 and French Open winner Rafael Nadal, and US Open runner-up and Vienna titlist Novak Djokovic. Other top players were US Open semifinalist and Moscow winner Nikolay Davydenko, Australian Open runner up and Beijing titlist Fernando González, James Blake, David Ferrer and Tommy Robredo.

2007 Australian Open
The 2007 Australian Open was a Grand Slam tennis tournament held in Melbourne, Australia from 15 January until 28 January 2007.

The total prize pool was set at exactly A$20 million, with the winners of both the men's and women's singles competition each receiving A$1,281,000. Over 500 players competed in 2007. The main draw for singles and doubles was released on Friday 12 January 2007.

In Mixed Doubles, the scoring system was changed. Should both teams in a match become one set apiece, a match tie break will take part in the final set where the first team to score ten points wins the match. If the score for the match tie break becomes 9–9, a difference by two is required to win the game (e.g. 11–9, 12–10, etc.).
Partisan Republic of Valsesia
The Partisan Republic of Valsesia was the second partisan republic in northern Italy. It was proclaimed on June 11th, 1944, and lasted until July 10th, 1944, the day on which Nazi-Fascist reconquest operations in the area ended. However with due consideration, given the rapid development of the situation, some sources extend its duration to April 25, 1945.

Along with Montefiorino, Pietro Secchia considered it a precursor of the “schools of effective democracy that was born in the fire of struggle” that would later be the partisan free/republican zones.

Partisan (military)
A partisan (or partizan) is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements. The most common use in present parlance in several languages refers to occupation resistance fighters during World War II, especially under the Yugoslav partisan leader Josip Broz Tito.
Australia at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Australia competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. Australia is one of only five countries to have sent athletes to every Summer Olympics of the modern era, alongside Great Britain, France, Greece, and Switzerland.

At the end of these Olympics, Australia was ranked in tenth position on the medal table with a total of 29 medals (8 gold, 11 silver, and 10 bronze). This was Australia's lowest medal tally and lowest rank since the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona where Australia also ranked tenth but only won 27 medals.

Australia women's national soccer team
The Australia women's national soccer team is overseen by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia, which is currently a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since leaving the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) in 2006. The team's official nickname is "the Matildas" (from the Australian folk song "Waltzing Matilda"; officially known as the CommBank Matildas for sponsorship reasons); they were known as the "Female Socceroos" before 1995.

Australia is a three-time OFC champion, one-time AFC champion and one-time AFF champion. The team has represented Australia at the FIFA Women's World Cup on eight occasions (once as co-host in 2023) and at the Olympic Games on five, although it has won neither tournament. Their performance in the 2023 World Cup attracted significant nationwide attention and has had an impact on the perception of women's sport in Australia.
Wisconsin Warriors
The Wisconsin Warriors were a football team in the Independent Women's Football League. Based in Greendale, the Warriors played their home games on the campus of Greendale High School. The Warriors were the defending IWFL North American Champions of 2009.

Greendale, Wisconsin
Greendale is a village in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 14,854 at the 2020 census. Greendale is located southwest of Milwaukee and is a part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. A planned community, it was established by the US government during the Great Depression.
Atomic carbon
Atomic carbon, systematically named carbon and λ0-methane, is a colourless gaseous inorganic chemical with the chemical formula C (also written [C]). It is kinetically unstable at ambient temperature and pressure, being removed through autopolymerisation.

Atomic carbon is the simplest of the allotropes of carbon, and is also the progenitor of carbon clusters. In addition, it may be considered to be the monomer of all (condensed) carbon allotropes like graphite and diamond.

Allotropes of carbon
Carbon is capable of forming many allotropes (structurally different forms of the same element) due to its valency (tetravalent). Well-known forms of carbon include diamond and graphite. In recent decades, many more allotropes have been discovered and researched, including ball shapes such as buckminsterfullerene and sheets such as graphene. Larger-scale structures of carbon include nanotubes, nanobuds and nanoribbons. Other unusual forms of carbon exist at very high temperatures or extreme pressures. Around 500 hypothetical 3‑periodic allotropes of carbon are known at the present time, according to the Samara Carbon Allotrope Database (SACADA).
Sindh Muslim Law College
The Sindh Muslim Government Law College (Urdu:  سنده مسلم گورنمنٹس لا کالج) or S. M. Law College (Urdu: ایس ایم لاء کالج) is one of the oldest law schools of Pakistan, situated in Karachi, Sindh. The college has produced numerous notables including Chief Justices of Pakistan, Chief Justices of Federal Shariat Court, Chief Ministers of Sindh, Federal Ministers, and many judges of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and Sindh High Court.

The college was established by its first Principal Hassanally A. Rahman, a leading Advocate of Sindh on the June 28, 1947 and was affiliated to the University of Sindh. It started functioning at Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam. After the closure of Shahani Law College, the college shifted to its present building in 1948 and is affiliated with the University of Karachi.

University of Sindh
The University of Sindh (Urdu: جامعہ سندھ; Sindhi: سنڌ يونيورسٽي; informally known as Sindh University) is a public research university located in the city of Jamshoro, in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is one of the oldest universities in Pakistan and was certified by ISO in 2015.

Founded in 1947 in Karachi, the university was relocated to Hyderabad in 1951, where it began to function as a full-fledged teaching university. The university is associated with four colleges of law and various other colleges. Sindh University is noted for its research in literature, natural sciences, philosophy, and Sindhology.
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Digital ID
The parliamentary under-secretary of state for digital ID is a junior position in the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology and the Cabinet Office in the British government. The post is currently held by Josh Simons.

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
The Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT) is a ministerial department of the government of the United Kingdom. It was established on 7 February 2023 by a cabinet reshuffle under the Rishi Sunak premiership.

The department took on policy responsibilities from the former Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The new department is responsible for helping to encourage, develop and manage the UK's scientific, research, and technological outputs. DSIT is also responsible for managing the necessary physical and digital infrastructure and regulation to support the British economy, UK public services, national security, and wider UK Government priorities.

The department is led by the Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, supported by a number of junior ministers, and senior civil servants. The incumbent secretary of state is Liz Kendall.
ANZ Bank New Zealand
ANZ Bank New Zealand Limited (or simply ANZ) is a New Zealand banking and financial services company, which operates as a subsidiary of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited of Australia. ANZ is one of New Zealand's big four banks, and is the largest bank in New Zealand with approximately 30% of market share as of March 2021.

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group bought the National Bank of New Zealand from Lloyds Bank in 2003. The banks operated as separate brands until 2012, when they were unified under the ANZ brand. The company was renamed ANZ Bank New Zealand in 2012, following the withdrawal of the National Bank brand. ANZ provides a number of financial services, including banking services, asset finance, investments and payment services.

UDC Finance
UDC Finance Limited is a finance company in New Zealand. UDC's main expertise is now in providing asset-backed finance for plant, vehicles and equipment, where it does not rely on land or buildings as security. It is a subsidiary of SBI Shinsei Bank.
Propre River (Quebec)
The Propre River (French: Rivière Propre) is located in the municipality of Lac-aux-Sables in Regional County Municipality of Mékinac Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region Mauricie, in the province of Quebec, Canada. The Propre River watershed is part of the Batiscanie. It is 6.7 km long.

Mékinac Regional County Municipality
Mékinac (French: [mekinak]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) of 5,607 km2 located in the administrative region of Mauricie, along the Saint-Maurice River, which also crosses the RCM from one end to the other, and the Matawin River, a tributary of the Saint-Maurice. Located in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Established in January 1982, the Mékinac RCM is made up of 10 or 11 municipalities depending on the source, Saint-Tite is the most populous city, four unorganized territories occupying two-thirds of its surface area.
Estefania Carròs i de Mur
Estefania Carròs i de Mur (1455 – March 16, 1511), was a Catalan educator.

She was born to Brianda de Mur and Nicolau Carròs i d’Arborea, who was viceroy of Sardinia from 1461 to 1478. When her parents moved to Sardinia, she was left in the care of her aunt Isabel de Mur, who was a lady-in-waiting to queen Juana Enriquez and a governess of princess Joanna. Estefania Carròs did not wish to marry nor become a nun, the two accepted choices for a noblewoman. Instead, she settled in a house owned by her father at Plaza de Santa Ana in Barcelona, where she established a secular school for girls from the nobility and the burgher class. Juana de Aragón (1469 – 1510), illegitimate daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon, was one of her students. Her initiative was unusual for her time - in this period, schools for girls were normally convent schools. She was evidently respected at her school and had a large network of female co-workers and supporters.

Juana Enríquez
Juana Enriquez, 5th Lady of Casarrubios del Monte (1425 – 13 February 1468) was Queen of Aragon and de facto Queen consort of Navarre as the wife of King John II. Juana Enríquez was the Regent of Navarre during the absence of her husband in the Navarrese Civil War (1451–1455); she also served as Governor of Catalonia in 1462 in the place of her son (who was his father's nominal governor) and, finally, as Regent of Aragon during the absence of her husband in the Catalan Civil War between 1465 and 1468.
Higher State of Consciousness
"Higher State of Consciousness" is a song by American electronic dance music DJ and producer Josh Wink. It was both written and produced by Wink and first released in March 1995 by Strictly Rhythm, and then included on his debut album, Left Above the Clouds (1996). The song peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart and was a top-10 hit also in Ireland and Spain. In 2022, Rolling Stone ranked the track number 128 in their list of the "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time".

Breakbeat
Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat hardcore, and UK garage styles (including 2-step, breakstep and dubstep).
Stacey Mendonca
Stacey Victoria Mendonca MNZM is a New Zealand quantity surveyor and estimator. Mendonca co-founded the New Zealand chapter of the National Association of Women in Construction in 1996. In 2023 Mendonca was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to women.

Quantity surveyor
In the construction industry, a quantity surveyor (QS) is a  professional with expert knowledge of construction costs and contracting.  Qualified professional quantity surveyors can be known as Chartered Surveyors (Members and Fellows of RICS) in the UK and Certified Quantity Surveyors (a designation of the Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors) in Australia and other countries. In some countries, including Canada, South Africa, Kenya and Mauritius, qualified quantity surveyors are known as Professional Quantity Surveyors, a title protected by law.

Quantity surveyors are responsible for managing all aspects of the contractual and financial side of construction projects. They help to ensure that the construction project is completed within its projected budget. Quantity surveyors are also hired by contractors to help with the valuation of construction work for the contractor, help with bidding and project budgeting, and the submission of bills to the client.
Nobuhle Nkabane
Nobuhle Pamela Nkabane MP (born 1 August 1979) was the Minister of Higher Education in the cabinet of South Africa, having been sworn in on 3 July 2024 and served until 21 July 2025. She previously served as the Deputy Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy from 2021 until 2024.

Nkabane is a member of the National Assembly of South Africa for the African National Congress. She was first elected an MP in the 2019 general election. Nkabane previously worked as a tutor at the University of South Africa while serving as an MP.

Harry Gwala District Municipality
The Harry Gwala District Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wesiFunda sase Harry Gwala; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Harry Gwala), formerly the Sisonke District Municipality, is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The seat is Ixopo. The majority of its 298,392 inhabitants spoke isiZulu as of 2011. The district code is DC43. The district's name was changed in November 2015 in honor of African National Congress leader Harry Gwala.
Biblioteca Nazionale Vittorio Emanuele III
The Biblioteca Nazionale Vittorio Emanuele III (Victor Emmanuel III National Library) is a national library of Italy. It occupies the eastern wing of the 18th-century Palazzo Reale in Naples, at 1 Piazza del Plebiscito, and has entrances from piazza Trieste e Trento. It is funded and organised by the Direzione Generale per i Beni Librari and the Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali.

In quantitative terms it is the third largest library in Italy, after the national libraries in Rome and Florence, with 1,480,747 printed volumes, 319,187 pamphlets, 18,415 manuscripts, more than 8,000 periodicals, 4,500 incunabula and the 1,800 Herculaneum papyri. 22 Manuscripts from the Codices Supplementum Graecum fond in the Austrian National Library were transferred to the Biblioteca Nazionale, now under the fond Manoscritti ex-Viennesi or Codex ex-Vindobonensis, such as the Naples Dioscurides.

National Central Library (Florence)
The National Central Library of Florence (Italian: Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze, BNCF) is a public national library in Florence, the largest in Italy and one of the most important in Europe. It is one of the two central libraries of Italy, along with the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma.
Fauskevåg
Fauskevåg is a village in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway.  It is located on the island of Hinnøya, along the Vågsfjorden, about 20 km (12 mi) south of the town of Harstad. The population (2001) of Fauskevåg is 341.  The village has an elementary school called Fauskevåg skole with grades 1 through 4.

Fauskevåg is located near the island of Grasholmen, a popular beach and recreation area, so tourism is important in Fauskevåg during the months of June and July.  The village is located about 5 km (3.1 mi) north of European route E10 and the Tjeldsund Bridge. The village is located nearby the villages of Sørvika, Sandtorg, and Kilbotn.

Tjeldsund Bridge
The Tjeldsund Bridge (Norwegian: Tjeldsundbrua) is a suspension road bridge that crosses the Tjeldsundet strait between the mainland and the island of Hinnøya in Troms county, Norway. The bridge is 1,007 metres (3,304 ft) long, the main span is 290 metres (950 ft), and the maximum clearance to the sea is 41 metres (135 ft). The bridge has 32 spans.

After 30 months and 375,000 work hours, 112,000 bags of cement, 1200 tons of steel and the cost of 45 million kr, Tjeldsund Bridge was opened by King Olav V on 22 August 1967.

The bridge carries the European route E10 highway, connecting Harstad Municipality and Tjeldsund Municipality. It is part of a network of bridges that connect the islands of Vesterålen and Lofoten to the mainland of Norway.
Langsjøen
Langsjøen is a lake in Innlandet county, Norway. The 6.35-square-kilometre (2.45 sq mi) lake lies in the Sømådalen valley on the border of Tolga Municipality and Engerdal Municipality, just west of the large lake Femunden. The village of Øversjødalen lies at the north end of the lake and the mountain Elgspiggen lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the lake.

Elgspiggen
Elgspiggen is a mountain located on the border of Tolga Municipality and Rendalen Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is part of the Holøydalen mountain area. The 1,604-metre (5,262 ft) mountain is easily recognizable due to its shape like a pyramid. The mountain has a topographic prominence of about 766 metres (2,513 ft) and a topographic isolation of about 30 kilometres (19 mi). It is the tallest peak in Tolga Municipality.