hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ICRA Limited
ICRA Limited (ICRA) is an Indian independent and professional investment information and credit rating agency. The company was established in 1991, and was originally named Investment Information and Credit Rating Agency of India Limited (IICRA India).

It was a joint-venture between Moody's and various Indian commercial banks and financial services companies. The company changed its name to ICRA Limited, and went public on 13 April 2007, with a listing on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange. As of end December 2024, Moody's Corporation owns a 51.86% majority stake.

Bombay Stock Exchange
BSE Limited, also known as the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai. Established in 1875, it is the oldest stock exchange in Asia, and also the tenth oldest in the world. It is the 6th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalisation, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.
Matsuyama Expressway
The Matsuyama Expressway (松山自動車道, Matsuyama Jidōsha-dō) is a national expressway in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The expressway is numbered E11 between Kawanoe Junction and Matsuyama Interchange and E56 between Matsuyama and Uwajima-Kita Interchanges under the MLIT's "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering.

Expressways of Japan
The expressways (高速道路, kōsoku-dōro, lit. "high-speed road", also jidōsha-dō (自動車道), lit. "automobile road", "freeway", "expressway", or "motorway") of Japan make up a large network of controlled-access toll expressways.
Aaron Gray (rugby league)
Aaron Gray (born 7 April 1994) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who last played as a centre and on the wing for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL.

He previously played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the National Rugby League. Gray played for NSW City in 2016.

NSW Cup
The NSW Cup, currently known as the Knock-On Effect NSW Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a rugby league competition for clubs in New South Wales. The competition has a history dating back to the NSWRFL's origins in 1908, starting off as a reserve grade competition, and is now the premier open age competition in the state. The New South Wales Cup, along with the Queensland Cup, acts as a feeder competition to the National Rugby League premiership. The competition is the oldest continuous rugby league competition in Australia.

The NSW Cup is contested by reserve squads of NSW-based NRL teams and also includes sides representing teams that once competed at the first grade level in the NSWRL Premiership but no longer field teams in the NRL competition, and teams that have not fielded teams in the NRL competition. The North Sydney Bears are the only team to have competed in every season, since the start of the competition since 1908.
Indermark
Indermark  is a village in the Capricorn District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The village is situated in the Blouberg Local Municipality.

The settlement is approximately 89 km north-west of Polokwane, on the route to Vivo.

Polokwane
Polokwane (UK: /ˌpɒləˈkwɑːni/, meaning "Sanctuary" in Northern Sotho), formerly named Pietersburg, is the capital city of the Limpopo Province in South Africa. It is the country's largest urban centre north of Gauteng. It was one of the nine host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Battle Birds
Battle Birds was an American air-war pulp magazine published by Popular Publications from 1932 to 1935 and from 1940 to 1944.

It was launched at the end of 1932, but did not sell well, and in 1934 the publisher turned it into an air-war hero pulp titled Dusty Ayres and His Battle Birds.  Robert Sidney Bowen, an established pulp writer, provided the lead novel each month, and also wrote the short stories that filled out the issue. All of the cover art was painted by Frederick Blakeslee.   Bowen's stories were set in the future, with the United States menaced by an Asian empire called the Black Invaders.  The change was not successful enough to be extended beyond the initial plan of a year, and Bowen wrote a novel in which, unusually for pulp fiction, Dusty Ayres finally defeated the invaders, to end the series.  The magazine ceased publication with the July/August 1935 issue.

It restarted in 1940, under the original title, Battle Birds, and lasted for another four years.

Robert Weinberg (author)
Robert Edward Weinberg (August 29, 1946 – September 25, 2016) was an American author, editor, publisher, and collector of science fiction. His work spans several genres including non-fiction, science fiction, horror, and comic books.
Judaism and Mormonism
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) has several teachings about Judaism and the House of Israel. The largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement, the LDS Church teaches the belief that the Jewish people are God's chosen people and its members (i.e. Mormons) share a common and literal Israelite ancestry with the Jewish people.

Messianic Age
In Abrahamic religions, the Messianic Age (Hebrew: יְמוֹת הַמָשִׁיחַ) is the future eternal period of time on Earth in which the messiah will reign and bring universal peace and brotherhood, without any evil (through mankind's own terms). Some refer to it as the consummate "kingdom of God" or the "world to come". Jews believe that such a figure is yet to come, while Christians believe that this figure is Jesus Christ.
Balım Sultan
Balım Sultan (d. circa 1517/1519) was a Turcoman Bektashi sufi who established and codified the Bektashi Order at the beginning of the 16th century. The mystical practices and rituals of the Bektashi were systematized and structured by Balım, after which many of the order's distinct practices and beliefs took shape. He is considered the primary personality in the Bektashi Order after Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli (Haji Bektash) and is regarded as the “Second Pir” (pīr-e ṯānī or second elder).

Hacıbektaş
Hacıbektaş (historically Sulucakarahöyük) is a town and district of Nevşehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Hacıbektaş District. Its population is 5,325 (2022). Located in Cappadocia, its elevation is 1,275 m (4,183 ft). The town is named after Haji Bektash Veli, a 13th-century Sufi saint who founded the Bektashi Order.
Siddharameshwar
Sri Siddharameshwar Maharaj (1888–1936)  was a guru in the Inchagiri Sampradaya founded by his guru Bhausaheb Maharaj, a branch of the Navnath Sampradaya, the 'Nine Masters' tradition in India. His disciples included Nath teachers Nisargadatta Maharaj, Ranjit Maharaj, Kaadsiddheshwar, and Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur.

Eknath
Eknath (IAST: Eka-nātha, Marathi pronunciation: [eknath]) (c. 1533 – c. 1599), pronunciationⓘ was an Indian Hindu Vaishnava saint, philosopher and poet. He was a devotee of Vitthal, a Hindu deity. He is a major figure of the Warkari tradition. He is often viewed as a spiritual successor to prominent Hindu Marathi saints Dnyaneshwar and Namdev.
Sergey Musaelyan
Sergey Aleksandrovich Musaelyan (Russian: Сергей Александрович Мусаелян; born November 23, 1950, in Moscow) is a Russian pianist. He is of Armenian descent. He is a member of The Berkeley Hillside Club, an artistic organization that supports notable musicians and artists.

Vladimir Ashkenazy
Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazy (Russian: Влади́мир Дави́дович Ашкена́зи, tr. Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazi; born 6 July 1937) is a Soviet-born Icelandic pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor. Ashkenazy has collaborated with well-known orchestras and soloists. In addition, he has recorded a large repertoire of classical and romantic works. His recordings have earned him seven Grammy Awards and he has been awarded three stages of Iceland's Order of the Falcon for his overall contribution to music.
Philip Huang Chao-ming
Philip Huang Chao-ming (Chinese: 黃兆明; pinyin: Huáng Zhàomíng; born 23 August 1954) is the fourth and current Roman Catholic bishop of Hualien. He was ordained a priest in 1983. He became bishop of Hualien in 2001.

Hualien City
Hualien (pinyin: Huālián Shì; Wade-Giles: Hua¹-lien² Shih⁴; Hokkien POJ: Hoa-lian-chhī or Hoa-liân-chhī) is a county-administered city and the county seat of Hualien County, Taiwan. It is located on the east coast of Taiwan on the Pacific Ocean, and has a population of 99,458 inhabitants.
Normandin River
The Normandin River is a tributary of the north shore of Ashuapmushuan Lake, flowing into the unorganized territory of Lac-Ashuapmushuan, Quebec, into the Regional County Municipality (RCM) of Le Domaine-du-Roy, in the administrative region of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, in Quebec, in Canada.

This river crosses successively the cantons of Ventadour, Buade, Poutrincourt, Bouteroue, Ducharme, Aigremont and Grahamé. Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The southern part of the Normandin River Valley is served by route 212 which connects Obedjiwan, Quebec to La Tuque and passes south of Dubois Lake and Normandin Lake (Normandin River). From there, the forest road R0212 (East-West direction) cuts the course of the Normandin River.

The surface of the Normandin River is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality
Le Domaine-du-Roy (French pronunciation: [lə dɔmɛn dy ʁwa], lit. 'The King's Domain') is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Roberval, and it is named for the King of France, who owned the land at the time of the colonization of Quebec.
Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom
Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom, known as Zoom 909 in Japan, is a 1982 rail shooter video game developed and published by Sega for arcades. The player controls a spaceship in a third-person perspective, adapting the three-dimensional perspective of Sega's earlier racing game Turbo (1981) for the space shoot 'em up genre. It uses the Buck Rogers license, referencing the space battles, though Buck himself is never seen.

The arcade game debuted at the Amusement & Music Operators Association (AMOA) show, held during November 18–20, 1982, where it was considered one of the show's best games and a milestone for demonstrating the potential of 3D shoot 'em up gameplay. Ports were released for the SG-1000, Atari 2600, Atari 5200, Atari 8-bit computers, Coleco Adam, ColecoVision, MSX, Commodore 64, VIC-20, TI-99/4A, Apple II, and ZX Spectrum. The IBM PC version uses CGA graphics.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
Ayoub Al-Mas
Ayoub Al-Mas (Arabic: أيوب الماس; born December 15, 1978) is an Emirati former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Al-Mas competed for the United Arab Emirates in the men's 50 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 24.11. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat three, including two-time Olympians Howard Hinds of the Netherlands Antilles and Emin Guliyev of Azerbaijan. Racing on the outside lane, he faded down the stretch to pick up a fourth seed in 24.91, a small fraction outside his entry standard. Al-Mas failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed fifty-sixth overall in the prelims.

Emin Guliyev (swimmer)
Emin Aleksandr Guliyev (born October 8, 1975) is an Azerbaijani former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. He represented Azerbaijan in two editions of the Olympic Games since the nation officiated its debut from the former Soviet Union in 1996.

Guliyev made his official debut at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he competed only in the 50 m freestyle. Swimming in heat three, he rounded out the field to last place and fifty-ninth overall in 25.23.

At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Guliyev competed for the second time in the 50 m freestyle. He received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 24.00. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat three, including fellow two-time Olympian Howard Hinds of the Netherlands Antilles. He edged out Angola's 17-year-old João Aguiar to snatch a seventh spot by 0.34 of a second in 25.36. Guliyev failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed sixtieth overall in the prelims.
Zorawar (tank)
The Zorawar (lit. 'Forceful') is a light tank developed for the Indian Army. The tank is designed and developed by the Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment, with Larsen & Toubro being the development cum production partner.

The Zorawar has been designed to have a high power-to-weight ratio along with substantial firepower, protection, surveillance and communication capabilities. It is tasked to provide versatility to execute operations in varying terrain against diverse threats and equipment profiles of its adversaries.

BMP-2
The BMP-2 (Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty, Russian: Боевая Машина Пехоты, literally "combat machine/vehicle [of the] infantry") is an amphibious infantry fighting vehicle introduced in the 1980s in the Soviet Union, following on from the BMP-1 of the 1960s.
Meringa Sugar Experiment Station
Meringa Sugar Experiment Station is a heritage-listed research station at 71378 Bruce Highway, Meringa, Gordonvale, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Goodsir & Carlyle, Baker & Wilde, and the Queensland Department of Public Works and built from 1914 to 1918 by Queensland Department of Public Works. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 18 July 2014.

Premier of Queensland
The premier of Queensland is the head of government in the Australian state of Queensland.

By convention, the premier is the leader of the party with a parliamentary majority in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The premier is appointed by the governor of Queensland.

The incumbent premier is David Crisafulli.
Laser Physics Letters
Laser Physics Letters is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes short, rapid communications in fundamental optics and laser physics, and the application of lasers across interrelated sciences. It is owned and editorially managed by Astro Ltd and published on their behalf by IOP Publishing. The journal was established in 2004 with Pavel P. Pashinin as the founder editor-in-chief. Current editor-in-chief is Vanderlei S. Bagnato. It is a sister journal to Laser Physics.

Laser science
Laser science or laser physics is a branch of optics that describes the theory and practice of lasers.

Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal evolution of the light field in the laser. It is also concerned with the physics of laser beam propagation, particularly the physics of Gaussian beams, with laser applications, and with associated fields such as nonlinear optics and quantum optics.
International Legion of the Defence Intelligence of Ukraine
The International Legion of the Defence Intelligence of Ukraine (MUN A3449) is a separate brigade-level unit of foreign fighters subordinated to the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. The unit consists of several foreign units structured at various levels, typically being structured as either a battalion, or a squadron split into several teams functioning completely separate from the regular Ukrainian International Legion, under the HUR MO operationally.

Looting
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting. The proceeds of all these activities can be described as booty, loot, plunder, spoils, or pillage.

Throughout history, the practice of war looting was often considered a customary right of victorious armies until the development of modern international humanitarian law.

Looting by a victorious army during war has been a common practice throughout recorded history. In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars and particularly after World War II, norms against wartime plunder became widely accepted. In modern armed conflicts, looting is prohibited by international law, and constitutes a war crime. The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 explicitly prohibited pillage and looting, codifying earlier efforts to restrain the practice in European warfare.
Petalas
Petalas (Greek: Πεταλάς) is the largest island of the Echinades, among the Ionian Islands in Greece. As of 2011, it had no resident population. The largest private island in Greece, it is located in the Ionian Sea. Covering an area of 5.5 square kilometres or 2.1 square miles, the island is known for its natural beauty, with around 4,000 olive trees and surrounded by clear blue waters.

Privately owned, 85% of it belonging to the Tsaoussis family, while the remaining 15% is under the ownership of the nearby island of Kefalonia.

Some, including William Martin Leake, have suggested that Petalas is the site of ancient Dulichium, from which 40 ships sailed to Troy in the Iliad. However, Strabo and most modern authors have identified Dulichium as Makri, a nearby island in the Echinades.

Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania (and western Apulia, Italy) to the north, and the west coast of Greece, including the Peloponnese.

All major islands in the sea, which are located in the east of the sea, belong to Greece. They are collectively named the Ionian Islands, the main ones being Corfu, Kefalonia, Zakynthos, Lefkada, and Ithaca.

There are ferry routes between Patras and Igoumenitsa, Greece, and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and from Piraeus westward. Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean at 5,109 m (16,762 ft), is in the Ionian Sea, at 36°34′N 21°8′E﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 21.133°E﻿ / 36.567; 21.133. The sea is one of the most seismically active areas in the world.
IEEE 802.15
IEEE 802.15 is a working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802 standards committee which specifies Wireless Specialty Networks (WSN) standards. The working group was formerly known as Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks.

The number of Task Groups in IEEE 802.15 varies based on the number of active projects. The current list of active projects can be found on the IEEE 802.15 website.

Ultra-wideband
Ultra-wideband (UWB, ultra wideband, ultra-wide band and ultraband) is a radio technology that can use a very low energy level for short-range, high-bandwidth communications over a large portion of the radio spectrum. UWB has traditional applications in non-cooperative radar imaging. Most recent applications target sensor data collection, precise locating, and tracking. UWB support started to appear in high-end smartphones in 2019. For a detailed list of Ultra-wideband supported mobile devices, see List of UWB-enabled mobile devices.
History of the prime minister of the United Kingdom
The position of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom was not created as a result of a single action; it evolved slowly and organically over three hundred years due to numerous Acts of Parliament, political developments, and accidents of history.

First Lord of the Treasury
The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom. Traditional convention holds that the office of First Lord is held by the Prime Minister. 10 Downing Street is technically the official home of the First Lord, although it is now entirely associated with the Prime Minister's office. The office is not the United Kingdom's finance minister; this role is instead held by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who is the Second Lord of the Treasury.
2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Minnesota, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Sarangani's at-large congressional district
Sarangani's at-large congressional district is the sole congressional district of the Philippines in the province of Sarangani. It was created ahead of the 1995 Philippine House of Representatives elections following the separation of the third district from South Cotabato in 1992. The province has been electing a single representative provincewide at-large to the House of Representatives from the 10th Congress onwards. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Steve Solon of the Lakas–CMD and People's Champ Movement (PCM).

South Cotabato's 3rd congressional district
South Cotabato's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in South Cotabato that encompasses the western municipalities of Lake Sebu, Norala, Santo Niño, Surallah, and T'boli. It previously encompassed the Sarangani Bay region, a former territory of South Cotabato, from 1987 to 1995. It has been represented in the House of Representatives since 2025 and previously from 1987 to 1995. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Dibu Tuan of the Lakas–CMD.
Quercus phillyreoides
Quercus phillyreoides is a species of flowering plant in the genus Quercus, placed in subgenus Cerris and section Ilex.  It is evergreen, withstands frost and can be grown in hardiness zone 7. It is native to southern China, the Ryukyu Islands, and Japan, and has been introduced to Korea.

Quercus subg. Cerris
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Quercus). It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.