hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adhafer-class corvette
The Adhafer-class corvette is a type of stealth corvette belonging to the Algerian Navy. They are built in China by China State Shipbuilding Corporation CSSC in its Hudong-Zhonghua shipyard in Shanghai. The ship is 120 metres (393 ft 8 in) long and 14.4 metres (47 ft 3 in) wide and has a standard displacement of 2,880 tons. Three Adhafer-class ships were commissioned, with an option for three others of the same type. The first unit was launched on 15 August 2014 and commissioned in November 2015. The second and third were both commissioned in 2016.

HQ-7
The HQ-7 (simplified Chinese: 红旗-7; traditional Chinese: 紅旗-7; pinyin: Hóng Qí-7; lit. 'Red Banner-7'; NATO reporting name: CH-SA-4) is a short-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) from the People's Republic of China. It was reverse-engineered by the Changfeng Electromechanical Technology Design Institute from the French R-440 Crotale SAM. It entered service in the early 1980s.

A ground battery consists of a short-range radar and three launchers. Each launcher has four or eight missiles.
1,3-Dithietane
1,3-Dithietane is a dithietane. It is a colorless, crystalline, unpleasant-smelling solid. It was first prepared in 1976 by the reaction of bis(chloromethyl) sulfoxide with sodium sulfide to give  1,3-dithietane 1-oxide, followed by THF-borane reduction.

Examples of compounds bearing this functional group include the antibiotic Cefotetan and the pesticide Fosthietan. Desaurins are a type of 1,3-dithietanes with alkylidene groups attached to the two carbon atoms.

Cefotetan
Cefotetan is an injectable antibiotic of the cephamycin type for prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. It is often grouped together with second-generation cephalosporins and has a similar antibacterial spectrum, but with additional anti-anaerobe coverage.

Cefotetan was developed by Yamanouchi. It is marketed outside Japan by AstraZeneca with the brand names Apatef and Cefotan.
WMEB-FM
WMEB-FM is a non-commercial radio station owned and operated by the University of Maine, broadcasting on 91.9 FM from its campus in Orono and a transmitter located in Old Town. The station is run by university students and programs an alternative rock music format.

University of Maine
The University of Maine (UMaine) is a public land-grant research university in Orono, Maine, United States. It was established in 1865 as the land-grant college of Maine and is the flagship university of the University of Maine System. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

With an enrollment of approximately 11,500 students, UMaine is the state's largest college or university. The University of Maine's athletic teams, nicknamed the Black Bears, are Maine's only NCAA Division I athletics program. Maine's men's ice hockey team has won two national championships.
1959 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles
First-seeded Maria Bueno defeated Christine Truman 6–1, 6–4 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1959 U.S. National Championships.

This was notably the first grand slam that former world number 1 and 12 time grand slam champion Billie Jean King competed in.

1959 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1959 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor grass courts at two locations in the United States. The men's and women's singles as well as the mixed doubles were played from September 4 through September 13 at the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills in New York City, while the men's and women's doubles were held at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts from August 16 though August 23, 1959. It was the 79th staging of the U.S. National Championships, and the fourth Grand Slam tennis event of the year. Neale Fraser and Maria Bueno won the singles titles.
Haustorium
In botany and mycology, a haustorium (plural haustoria) is a rootlike structure that grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients. For example, in mistletoe or members of the broomrape family, the structure penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. In mycology, it refers to the appendage or portion of a parasitic fungus (the hyphal tip), which performs a similar function.  Microscopic haustoria penetrate the host plant's cell wall and siphon nutrients from the space between the cell wall and plasma membrane but do not penetrate the membrane itself. Larger (usually botanical, not fungal) haustoria do this at the tissue level.

The etymology of the name corresponds to the Latin word haustor meaning the one who draws, drains or drinks, and refers to the action performed by the outgrowth.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Valentin Stănescu
Valentin Stănescu (20 November 1922 – 4 April 1994) was a Romanian football goalkeeper and manager. Stănescu and Constantin Cernăianu are the only two coaches who have managed the big three Bucharest city rivals, Steaua, Dinamo, and Rapid.

Balkans Cup
The Balkans Cup was an international football competition for clubs from Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia. It was introduced in 1961 and was very popular in the 1960s (the 1967 final attracted 42,000 spectators), being the second most important international club competition for clubs from the region (after the European Cup in which the champions could play; the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup originally attracted few teams from the region as many did not organise domestic cups regularly and only Yugoslavia had significant representation in the Fairs Cup).

It later declined after Balkan clubs obtained more representation in the two minor UEFA competitions, in contrast to the (much older but also defunct) Balkan Cup (not Balkans) for national teams.
2025 APF División Intermedia
The 2025 División Intermedia season was the 107th season of the second-tier league of Paraguayan football and the 28th under the División Intermedia name. The season began on 28 March and ended on 5 October 2025, and the fixtures for the season were drawn on 9 December 2024.

Rubio Ñu became the first team promoted to the Paraguayan Primera División for the following season, clinching promotion with three matches to go after defeating Sportivo Carapeguá 1–0 on 14 September. They eventually secured the championship and their eighth title in the second tier the following week, after a scoreless draw with Guaireña. The runners-up San Lorenzo were the second and last promoted team, confirming their promotion on the last matchday of the season following a 3–0 win over Fernando de la Mora and a draw for Deportivo Capiatá against Sportivo Carapeguá.

River Plate, Pastoreo, and Guaraní de Fram were relegated to the third tier leagues at the end of the season.

Club Sportivo Carapeguá
Club Sportivo Carapeguá, is a Paraguayan football club based in the city of Carapeguá in the Paraguarí Department. The club was founded on 3 September 2010 and plays in the División Intermedia.

The club played in the Paraguayan Primera División in 2012 and in 2013.

Their home games are played at the Estadio Teniente 1º Alcides González.
Simon Kornblit
Simon Kornblit (August 1, 1933 – July 2, 2010) was a Belgian-born American studio executive and actor. Kornblit worked as the Executive Vice President of worldwide marketing for Universal Pictures before pursuing an acting career during retirement.

Sandy Springs, Georgia
Sandy Springs is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, within the  Atlanta metropolitan area. The city's population was 108,080 at the 2020 census, making it Georgia's 7th-most populous city. It is the site of several corporate headquarters, including UPS, Newell Brands, Inspire Brands, Focus Brands, Cox Enterprises, and Mercedes-Benz USA's corporate offices.
ALF (proof assistant)
ALF ("Another logical framework") is a structure editor for monomorphic Martin-Löf type theory developed at Chalmers University. It is a predecessor of the Alfa, Agda, Cayenne and Rocq proof assistants and dependently typed programming languages. It was the first language to support inductive families and dependent pattern matching.

Proof assistant
In computer science and mathematical logic, a proof assistant or interactive theorem prover is a software tool to assist with the development of formal proofs by human–machine collaboration. This involves some sort of interactive proof editor, or other interface, with which a human can guide the search for proofs, the details of which are stored in, and some steps provided by, a computer.

A recent effort within this field is making these tools use artificial intelligence to automate the formalization of ordinary mathematics.
Cheirodonta
Cheirodonta is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Triphoridae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Cheirodonta dupliniana (Olsson, 1916)

Cheirodonta labiata (Adams, 1854)

Cheirodonta pallescens (Jeffreys, 1867)

Triphoridae
Triphoridae is a family of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the informal group  Ptenoglossa, within the clade Hypsogastropoda.  Almost all the species in this family are micromollusks and almost all are left-handed in shell-coiling.
Peliganes
Peliganes (Greek: Πελιγᾶνες Peliganes) is the word used to refer to the Ancient Macedonian senators. The term is attested to in Hesychius, Strabo and two inscriptions (in dative peligasi), one from Dion and one from Laodicea. From the description of Hesychius and the epigraphy, it is evident that Peliganes played a more significant role in Seleucids than Macedon. In Ptolemaic Kingdom the term is unattested. The Seleucid cliché phrase was:

δεδόχθαι τοῖς πελιγᾶσιν (dedochthai tois peligasin), "having been resolved by the peliganes"

The Macedonian supreme body was called Synedrion. Other Seleucid institutions were the Archontes, Demos, Proboule, Boule, Epistatai (supervisors) and Dikastai (judges).

Synedrion
A synedrion or synhedrion (Greek: συνέδριον, "sitting together", hence "assembly" or "council"; Hebrew: סנהדרין, sanhedrin) is an assembly that holds formal sessions. The Latinized form is synedrium.

Depending on the widely varied constitutions, it applied to diverse representative or judiciary organs of Greek and Hellenistic city-states and treaty organisations.
Tatra 603
The Tatra 603 is a large rear-engined luxury car which was produced by the Czechoslovak company Tatra from 1956 to 1975. It was a continuation of the series of Tatra streamlined sedans which began with the Tatra 77. In Socialist Czechoslovakia, only high-ranking party officials and heads of factories were driven in 603s; the car was also exported to a number of other countries.

Comecon
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, often abbreviated as Comecon (/ˌkɒmɪˈkɒn/ KOM-ik-ON) or CMEA, was an economic organization from 1949 to 1991 under the leadership of the Soviet Union that comprised the countries of the Eastern Bloc along with a number of communist states elsewhere in the world.

The descriptive term was often applied to all multilateral activities involving members of the organization, rather than being restricted to the direct functions of Comecon and its organs. This usage was sometimes extended as well to bilateral relations among members because in the system of communist international economic relations, multilateral accords—typically of a general nature—tended to be implemented through a set of more detailed, bilateral agreements.

Comecon was the Eastern Bloc's response to the formation in Western Europe of the Marshall Plan and the OEEC, which later became the OECD.
Abubakar Nurmagomedov
Abubakar Magomedovich Nurmagomedov (born November 13, 1989) is a Russian mixed martial artist, who was formerly competing in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He has also previously competed for the Professional Fighters League (PFL). He is a three-time Combat Sambo World Championship bronze medalist and Russian national combat sambo champion.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Aulacodont
An aulacodont is an animal in which the dentition is arranged within grooves rather than individual sockets (like in thecodonty) or without bone encasement (like in acrodonts and pleurodonts). It is known from several aquatic amniotes: ichthyosaurs, Hesperornis, Ichthyornis, juvenile caimans, some cetaceans and even some ctenochasmatoid pterosaurs.

Acrodont
Acrodonty (from Greek akros 'highest' + odont- 'tooth') is an anatomical placement of the teeth at the summit of the alveolar ridge of the jaw, without sockets, characteristic of bony fish. Functionally, acrodont tooth implantation may be related to greater bite force. However, this result is not supported when size and phylogeny is taken into account.
Rivière à la Carpe
The rivière à la Carpe is a tributary of the eastern shore of the Métabetchouane River, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. Entirely in a forest zone, the course of this river crosses the unorganized territory of Belle-Rivière, in the Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality and the municipality of Saint-André-du-Lac-Saint-Jean, in the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of the "rivière à la Carpe" (except the rapids zones) is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to the end of March.

Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est (French pronunciation: [lak sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ ɛst]) is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. The seat is Alma. In 2016, 99.3% reported that they spoke French most often at home, according to the census.
Tobin tax
A Tobin tax was originally defined as a tax on all spot conversions of one currency into another. It was suggested by James Tobin, an economist who won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Tobin's tax was originally intended to penalize short-term financial round-trip excursions into another currency.  By the late 1990s, the term Tobin tax was being applied to all forms of short term transaction taxation, whether across currencies or not. The concept of the Tobin tax is being picked up by various tax proposals currently being discussed, amongst them the European Union Financial Transaction Tax as well as the Robin Hood tax.

Bid–ask spread
The bid–ask spread (also bid–offer or bid/ask and buy/sell in the case of a market maker) is the difference between the prices quoted (either by a single market maker or in a limit order book) for an immediate sale (ask) and an immediate purchase (bid) for stocks, futures contracts, options, or currency pairs in some auction scenario. The size of the bid–ask spread in a security is one measure of the liquidity of the market and of the size of the transaction cost. If the spread is 0 then it is a frictionless asset.
Society of Illustrators
The Society of Illustrators (SoI) is a professional society based in New York City. It was founded in 1901 to promote the art of illustration and, since 1959, has held an annual exhibition.

Since absorbing the Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art (MoCCA) in 2012, the Society has also promoted the art of comics. In addition to its holding exhibitions in its own Museum of American Illustration, the Society holds the annual MoCCA Festival, an independent comics showcase.

James Montgomery Flagg
James Montgomery Flagg (June 18, 1877 – May 27, 1960) was an American artist, comics artist, and illustrator. He worked in media ranging from fine art painting to cartooning, but is best remembered for his political posters, particularly his 1917 poster of Uncle Sam created for United States Army recruitment during World War I.
2006 Qantas Television Awards
The 2006 Qantas Television Awards were announced on 22 November 2006 in a ceremony at the Aotea Centre in Auckland. The ceremony was hosted by television presenters Dominic Bowden and Petra Bagust. Awards were presented in news and current affairs and general television categories, as well as four awards selected by public vote.

New Zealand film and television awards
New Zealand film and television awards have gone by many different names and have been organised by different industry groups. As of 2025, a combined New Zealand Screen Awards recognises content created for theatrical release alongside programmes produced for broadcast, streaming and digital platforms.
Occupational lung disease
Occupational lung diseases comprise a broad group of diseases, including occupational asthma, industrial bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiolitis obliterans, inhalation injury, interstitial lung diseases (such as pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, lung fibrosis), infections, lung cancer and mesothelioma. These can be caused directly or due to immunological response to an exposure to a variety of dusts, chemicals, proteins or organisms. Occupational cases of interstitial lung disease may be misdiagnosed as COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or a myriad of other diseases; leading to a delay in identification of the causative agent.

Coal dust
Coal dust is a fine-powdered form of coal which is created by the crushing, grinding, or pulverization of coal rock. Because of the brittle nature of coal, coal dust can be created by mining, transporting, or mechanically handling it.

Grinding or pulverizing coal to a dust form before combusting it improves the speed and efficiency of burning, which makes the coal easier to handle. However, coal dust is hazardous to workers if it is suspended in air outside the controlled environment of grinding and combustion equipment. It poses the acute hazard of forming an explosive mixture in air and the chronic hazard of causing pulmonary illness in people who inhale excessive quantities of it.

The distribution of the particle-size of coal dust is frequently measured in mesh. The British slang term for cheap fuel consisting of coal dust (slack) containing small lumps of coal (nuts) is nutty slack.
Early Morning Spire
Early Morning Spire is an 8,200-foot (2,499-metre) mountain summit located in North Cascades National Park, in Skagit County of Washington state. The peak lies 0.29 mi (0.47 km) west-northwest of Dorado Needle, 1.05 mi (1.69 km) north-northwest of Eldorado Peak and 1.08 mi (1.74 km) southeast of Perdition Peak. It can be seen from  the North Cascades Highway, west of Marblemount at a road pullout alongside the Skagit River. The first ascent of the peak was made in 1971 by Richard Emerson and Tom Hornbein via the Southwest Face. They made a chilly bivouac near the summit, which is how the peak's name came to be. Precipitation runoff  from the mountain drains into Marble Creek, a tributary of the Cascade River.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Mocking cliff chat
The mocking cliff chat, mocking chat or cliff chat, (Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris) is a species of chat in the family Muscicapidae which occurs in rocky habitats in much of eastern Sub-Saharan Africa. It is the only species placed in the genus Thamnolaea.

Frédéric de Lafresnaye
Baron Nöel Frédéric Armand André de Lafresnaye (24 July 1783 – 14 July 1861) was a French ornithologist and collector.

Lafresnaye was born into an aristocratic family at Chateau de La Fresnaye in Falaise, Normandy. He took an early interest in natural history, particularly entomology. It was only after acquiring a collection of European birds that he turned his attention to ornithology.

Lafresnaye described a number of new bird species, some with Alcide d'Orbigny. He accumulated a collection of over 8,000 bird skins at his home. After his death the collection was purchased by the American collector Henry Bryant and donated to the Boston Natural History Society. It was transferred to the Museum of Comparative Zoology in 1914.

Lafresnaye's piculet, Lafresnaye's woodcreeper and Lafresnaye's vanga are avian species that bear his name, as is the monotypic hummingbird genus Lafresnaya.
Department of the Pacific
The Department of the Pacific or Pacific Department was a major command (Department) of the United States Army from 1853 to 1858.  It replaced the Pacific Division, and was itself replaced by the Department of California and the Department of Oregon.

Drum Barracks
Drum Barracks was the Union Army's  headquarters for Southern California and New Mexico during the Civil War.  It consisted of 19 buildings on 60 acres (240,000 m2) in what is now Wilmington, with another 37 acres (150,000 m2) near the waterfront.  Its junior officers' quarters has been preserved as the Drum Barracks Civil War Museum.  Its powder magazine stands on private property three blocks away, protected by a chain-link fence.
Proto-Loloish language
Proto-Loloish is the reconstructed ancestor of the Loloish languages. Reconstructions include those of David Bradley (1979), James Matisoff (2003), and Ziwo Lama (2012).

In later publications, in place of Loloish, David Bradley instead uses the term Ngwi based on a conservative autonym in the Sanie language.

Sanie language
Sanie (autonym: sɑ21 ɲɛ21 or sɑ21 ŋʷɛ21) is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China. It is similar to Samataw. There were 17,320 ethnic Sanie in 1998, but only about 8,000 spoke the Sanie language fluently. The Sanie are also known as the White Yi (白彝) (Bradley 1997).

A Sanie pinyin orthography had also been developed recently (Bradley 2005).