hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kintbury Abbey
Kintbury Abbey was a supposed Anglo-Saxon monastery at Kintbury in the English county of Berkshire. It was planned to refound it in 1147, but this never came to fruition.

The only reference to this place is in the will of a thegn named Wulfgar, made in AD 931. In this, he gave the village of Inkpen to “the servants of God at Kentbury and the Holy Place there”. Saxon remains found near St Mary's Church may indicate the site.

In 1147, Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester planned to found a convent of Benedictine nuns, south of the River Kennet at Holt in Kintbury parish, but progression was slow and the grant was eventually transferred to the nuns at Nuneaton in Warwickshire.

Kintbury
Kintbury is a village and civil parish in the West Berkshire district, Berkshire, England, between the towns of Newbury and Hungerford. The village has a convenient railway to Paddington and Reading, proximity to other transport and local cultural destinations, including Roman and Norman sites, and forms part of a very large Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, the North Wessex Downs which extends from the River Thames at Streatley to West Wiltshire. The parish includes the hamlets of Clapton, Elcot and Winding Wood.
Minnesota State Highway 78
Minnesota State Highway 78 (MN 78) is a highway in west-central Minnesota, which runs from State Highway 79 near Erdahl and continues north to its northern terminus at its interchange with U.S. Highway 10 in Perham.

U.S. Route 10 in Minnesota
U.S. Highway 10 (US 10) is a major divided highway for almost all of its length in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The route runs through the central portion of the state, following generally the alignment of the former Northern Pacific Railway (now BNSF Railway) and connects the cities of Moorhead, Detroit Lakes, Wadena, Little Falls, St. Cloud, Anoka, Saint Paul, and Cottage Grove. US 10 within Minnesota is 275 miles (443 km) in length.
Eric Yirenkyi Danquah
Eric Yirenkyi Danquah is a Ghanaian plant geneticist, professor, founding director of the West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI) and former director of the Biotechnology Centre at the University of Ghana.

Plant geneticist
A plant geneticist is a scientist involved with the study of genetics in botany. Typical work is done with genes in order to isolate and then develop certain plant traits. Once a certain trait, such as plant height, fruit sweetness, or tolerance to cold, is found, a plant geneticist works to improve breeding methods to ensure that future plant generations possess the desired traits.

Plant genetics played a key role in the modern-day theories of heredity, beginning with Gregor Mendel's study of pea plants in the 19th century. The occupation has since grown to encompass advancements in biotechnology that have led to greater understanding of plant breeding and hybridization. Commercially, plant geneticists are sometimes employed to develop methods of making produce more nutritious, or altering plant pigments to make the food more enticing to consumers.
Jizera Railway Bridge
The Jizera railway bridge is a railway bridge on the cog railway line Tanvald-Harrachov in the Czech Republic that was built between 1899 and 1902. Its main purpose was to connect the Liberec and Jablonec regions with western Silesia.

In 1992, the 12 km section between Tanvald and Harrachov was declared a cultural heritage site. It is known as "Kořenov Toothed Rack Rail" (or in Czech also  "Polubenka") – and features a unique more than four-kilometer long two-track Abt rack system. The Jizera bridge is the best known construction on this railway line. It consists of a steel construction and brick pillars.

In 2014 the Czech National bank issued a 5000 CZK commemorative gold coin as part of the Bridges in the Czech republic series. The coin was designed by Vladimír Pavlica.

České dráhy
České dráhy (lit. 'Czech Railways'), often shortened to ČD, is the major railway operator in the Czech Republic providing regional and long-distance services.

The company was established in January 1993, shortly after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, as a successor of the Czechoslovak State Railways. It is a member of the International Railway Union (UIC Country Code for the Czech Republic is 54), the Community of European Railway and Infrastructure Companies, and the Organization for Cooperation of Railways. With twenty-four thousand employees, ČD Group is the fifth largest Czech company by the number of employees.
Khandker Anwarul Islam
Khandker Anwarul Islam is a retired Bangladeshi civil servant. He had served as the country's 22nd Cabinet Secretary. Prior to that, he was the Senior Secretary of the Bridges Division under Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges and the ex-officio Executive Director of Bangladesh Bridge Authority before joining at cabinet secretary post on 28 October 2019.

Cabinet Secretary (Bangladesh)
The highest ranking civil servant is the Chief of the Cabinet Secretariat of the People's Republic of Bangladesh who is also the Cabinet Secretary. He is ex-officio Chairman of the Superior Selection Board and head of all civil services under the Rules of Business of the Government of Bangladesh. He also holds the 12th position in the Warrant of Precedence of Bangladesh. Cabinet Secretary is appointed from Bangladesh Civil Service (Administration) Cadre, known as Bangladesh Administrative Service.

The current Cabinet Secretary of the Republic is Dr. Nasimul Gani. He is the 26th Cabinet Secretary to the government of Bangladesh. The Cabinet Secretary is considered as arguably the most powerful civil servant in Bangladesh.
Brian M. McLaughlin
Brian M. McLaughlin is a former American Democratic politician and labor leader from Flushing, Queens.

McLaughlin was a New York Assemblyman elected in 1992 to represent the 25th district in New York City. He was also elected, in June 1995, as the President of the New York City Central Labor Council (NYCCLC).

McLaughlin was arrested October 17, 2006, on charges of stealing more than $2 million from the State of New York and labor unions. After his arrest, he announced that he would not run for re-election, and left office at the end of 2006.

In March 2008, he pleaded guilty to charges of racketeering and embezzlement. On May 20, 2009, he was found guilty of these charges and sentenced to ten years' imprisonment.

Queens College, City University of New York
Queens College (QC) is a public college in the New York City borough of Queens. Part of the City University of New York system, Queens College occupies an 83-acre (34 ha) campus primarily located in Flushing.

Queens College was established in 1937 and offers undergraduate degrees in over 70 majors, graduate studies in over 100 degree programs and certificates, over 40 accelerated master's options, 20 doctoral degrees through the CUNY Graduate Center, and a number of advanced certificate programs. Alumni and faculty of the school, such as Arturo O'Farrill and Jerry Seinfeld, have received over 100 Grammy Award nominations.

The college is organized into seven schools. It competes in Division II of the NCAA and sponsors 15 men's and women's championship-eligible varsity teams.
2011 Orange Open Guadeloupe
The 2011 Orange Open Guadeloupe was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Le Gosier, Guadeloupe between 14 and 19 March 2011.

2011 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2011 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Blues Train
The Blues Train was founded in 1994 and is operated in partnership with the Bellarine Railway as an homage to the history of the blues music.  The Blues Train travels along 16 km (9.9 mi) of railway between the towns of Queenscliff and Drysdale with an intermediate stop at Suma Park, on the Bellarine Peninsula and the passengers rotate in order to see all performers.

Drysdale railway station
Drysdale is a railway station on the Queenscliff branch line off the main Warrnambool line in Victoria, Australia.  It is 110 km (68 mi) from Melbourne, and 65 m (212 ft) above sea level.  The station lies next to Lake Lorne and was first opened on 21 May 1879.  It operated until 6 November 1976 when it was closed.  Subsequently, usage of the line was granted to the Bellarine Peninsula Railway which commenced tourist operations from Queenscliff in May 1979 to Laker's Siding, extending to Drysdale soon afterwards.
Big George
George Webley (29 May 1957 – 7 May 2011), better known by the stage name Big George, was a British musician, composer, bandleader and broadcaster who has been described as one of Britain's most successful theme music writers.

BBC Radio London
BBC Radio London is the BBC's local radio station serving Greater London.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios at Broadcasting House in Langham Place, London.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 548,000 listeners and a 0.9% share as of December 2023.
Ilha Record 2
The second and final season of Ilha Record premiered on Monday, July 18, 2022, at 10:45 p.m. on RecordTV.

The show features a group of celebrities, known as Explorers, living together on a desert island and competing against each other in extreme challenges to avoid  being exiled and continue their quest for lost treasures and the grand prize of R$500.000. Prior to the live finale, a public vote is held to determine who would become the season's Favorite Explorer and win the special prize of R$250.000.

Nakagima won competition after defeating Kaik Pereira at the Island's final treasure hunt and took home the grand prize of R$500.000. Solange Gomes won the public's special prize of R$250.000 with 49.82% of the final vote against Ste Viegas, Bruno Sutter and Caíque Aguiar. In addition, Kaik Pereira received R$100.000 as runner-up, while Fábio Braz earned R$30.000 for being part of Nakagima's crew in the final.

Ilha Record
Ilha Record (English: Record Island) was a Brazilian reality competition format originally created and aired by RecordTV. The series premiered on Monday, July 26, 2021 at 10:30 p.m. / 9:30 p.m. (BRT / AMT).

The show features a group of celebrities, known as Explorers, living together on a desert island and competing against each other in extreme challenges to avoid  being exiled and continue their quest for lost treasures and the grand prize of R$500.000. Prior to the live finale, a public vote is held to determine who would become the season's Favorite Explorer and win the special prize of R$250.000.
Charles Chabot
Charles Chabot (baptised 19 March 1815 – 15 October 1882) was an English graphologist who, as part of the firm of Netherclift, Chabot and Matheson, was an early practitioner of questioned document examination.

Chabot was born Battersea, the son of Charles, a lithographer, and Amy née Pearson, a couple of Huguenot descent.

Beginning as a lithographer, he developed as an expert in handwriting and became sought after as an expert witness in a variety of famous trials including the Roupell case and the Tichborne Case.

In 1871, Chabot became involved in establishing the identity of Junius and concluded that he was Sir Philip Francis.

Chabot married Sarah née Nichols in 1842 and the couple parented at least one son, Charles. Chabot died at home in London. and was buried at the South Metropolitan Cemetery at West Norwood

West Norwood Cemetery
West Norwood Cemetery is a 40-acre (16 ha) rural cemetery in West Norwood in London, England. It was also known as the South Metropolitan Cemetery.
One of the first private landscaped cemeteries in London, it is one of the "Magnificent Seven" cemeteries of London, and is a site of major historical, architectural and ecological interest.

Its grounds are a mixture of historic monumental cemetery and modern lawn cemetery, but it also has catacombs, cremation plots and a columbarium for cinerary ashes. The cemetery's crematorium still operates, but all the conventional and cremated remains burial plots have been allocated and hence it is closed to new burials pending further agreement under current burial legislation.
Bacolod Arts & Youth Sports Center
The Bacolod Arts and Youth Sports Center (BAYS Center) is a multi-use gym located in Bacolod, fronting the Bacolod Public Plaza, in Negros Occidental, Philippines. It is used mostly for basketball, karatedo and boxing matches, and was used in events in the city like the MassKara Festival activities and other government related activities like seminars, business and political gatherings.

It was the venue of the UMA-ONEBA and NOKAF Championships in which the Western Visayas athletes participated in sporting events.

The gym has a seating capacity of more than a thousand. It is officially designated as the COMELEC tally headquarters for both local and national election in the Philippines.

Aside from the gym, it also serves as offices of the departments of the city and also serves as cultural facilities.

Bacolod Public Plaza
The Bacolod Public Plaza, officially the Plaza del 6 de Noviembre, named after the day of the Spanish surrender of Negros Island to the Negros revolutionaries, is one of the notable landmarks of Bacolod, the capital of Negros Occidental, Philippines. It is located  in the heart of the downtown area,  near the old city hall and  across from the San Sebastian Cathedral. The plaza is a trapezoidal park with a belt of trees  around the periphery and a gazebo at the center. Scattered within the trees are four circular fountains.
Gonçalo Ribeiro Telles
Gonçalo Pereira Ribeiro Telles (25 May 1922 – 11 November 2020) was a Portuguese politician and landscape architect. He was born and died in Lisbon.

He was a founder of the People's Monarchist Party in 1974, and led it until 1992, when he left the party. In 1993 co-founded and presided the ecologist movement party Movimento Partido da Terra, today called MPT – Partido da Terra.

He was also Minister for Quality of Life in the Democratic Alliance government, and one of the first Portuguese politicians to call attention to ecological problems, having an influence far beyond the tiny size of the parties he led.

Landscape architect
A landscape architect is a person who is educated and trained in the field of landscape architecture.

According to the International Federation of Landscape Architects, which draws on International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO/08, 2162), the profession is defined as:

Landscape Architects plan, design and manage natural and built environments, applying aesthetic and scientific principles to address ecological sustainability, quality and health of landscapes, collective memory, heritage and culture, and territorial justice.

Other definitions emphasise the technical and regulatory aspects of practice. For example, landscape architecture may include site analysis and inventory, land and site planning, planting design, grading and earthworks, nature based solutions, stormwater management, sustainable design, engagement, construction specification, and ensuring compliance with building codes, planning policy, and environmental regulation.
1991 in film
The year 1991 in film involved numerous significant events. Important films released this year included The Silence of the Lambs, Beauty and the Beast, Thelma & Louise, JFK and Terminator 2: Judgment Day.

Academy Award for Best Picture
The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards (also known as Oscars) presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category in which every member of the Academy is eligible to submit a nomination and vote on the final ballot. The Best Picture category is traditionally the final award of the night and is widely considered the most prestigious honor of the ceremony.

The Grand Staircase columns at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, where the Academy Awards ceremonies have been held since 2002, showcase every film that has won the Best Picture title since the award's inception. There have been 621 films nominated for Best Picture and 97 winners.
Peropteryx
Peropteryx is a genus of 5 species of bat in the family Emballonuridae,

namely:

Greater dog-like bat (Peropteryx kappleri)

White-winged dog-like bat (Peropteryx leucoptera)

Lesser dog-like bat (Peropteryx macrotis)

Pale-winged dog-like bat (Peropteryx pallidoptera)

Trinidad dog-like bat (Peropteryx trinitatis)

Trinidad dog-like bat
The Trinidad dog-like bat (Peropteryx trinitatis) is a species of bat from the family Emballonuridae. It is native to Aruba, French Guiana, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. The bat is considered to be rare everywhere in its geographic range, although this may be untrue, as the Trinidad dog-like bat was previously confused with the lesser dog-like bat. It is an aerial insectivore that roosts in hollow trees, hollow rotten logs on the ground, under overhanging banks, and caves in the Llanos of Venezuela.

The Trinidad dog-like bat has two subspecies: Peropteryx trinitatis trinitatis and Peropteryx trinitatis phaea.
Bond convexity
In finance, bond convexity is a measure of the non-linear relationship of  bond prices to changes in interest rates, and is defined as the second derivative of the price of the bond with respect to interest rates (duration is the first derivative). In general, the higher the duration, the more sensitive the bond price is to the change in interest rates. Bond convexity is one of the most basic and widely used forms of convexity in finance. Convexity was based on the work of Hon-Fei Lai and popularized by Stanley Diller.

Frank J. Fabozzi
Frank J. Fabozzi is an American economist, educator, writer, and investor, currently Professor of Practice at The Johns Hopkins University Carey Business School and a Member of Edhec Risk Institute. He was previously a professor of finance at EDHEC Business School, Professor in the Practice of Finance and Becton Fellow in the Yale School of Management, and a visiting professor of finance at the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has authored and edited many books, three of which were coauthored with Nobel laureates, Franco Modigliani and Harry Markowitz. He has been the editor of the Journal of Portfolio Management since 1986 and is on the board of directors of the BlackRock complex of closed-end funds.
Mount Ungaran
Mount Ungaran is a deeply eroded stratovolcano, located in the south of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. There are no historical records about the mountain's activities. Two active fumarole fields are found on the southern flanks.

The town of Ungaran is located on the eastern side of the volcano, whereas Ambarawa lays of its southern wing. Bandungan and surroundings, including the Gedong Songo temple complex, are tourist attractions on the volcano. The lake of Rawa Pening is located southeast of the volcano.

Endemic fauna includes Philautus jacobsoni, a tree frog that has not been seen for decades.

Indonesia portal

Lake Rawa Pening
Rawa Pening (literally meaning 'Clear Swamp', from the Javanese Bening) is a lake in the Ambarawa Basin in Central Java, Indonesia. It serves as a source of power, irrigation, and flood control, and is used for fishing.
Walter von Boltenstern
Walter von Boltenstern (26 November 1889  – 19 January 1952) was a German general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded several divisions. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Boltenstern was discharged from active service in 1945, later that year he was taken prisoner by the Soviet Red Army. He died in Soviet captivity at the Voikovo prison camp in 1952.

NKVD special camp No. 48
The NKVD special camp No. 48 (also UMVD POW camp no. 48) was located in Cherntsy, Ivanovo Oblast. Russia. Initially it was established during World War II as a POW camp for most senior military commanders of the Axis powers. In German sources it is known as Kriegsgefangenenlager  Woikowo, the latter location translated in English as Voikovo. Later it housed a secret Soviet biological weapons facility.

The location of the camp was a former Dedlov family manor, where the Soviets established a sanatorium for railroad workers named after Pyotr Voykov, known simply as Voykov sanatorium, hence the (corrupted) German name of the camp.
Revolutionary Wealth
Revolutionary Wealth is a book written by futurists Alvin Toffler and his wife Heidi Toffler, first published in 2006 by Knopf. It is a continuation of The Third Wave (1980), which itself is a sequel to Future Shock (1970).

Revolutionary Wealth significantly expands on the Third Wave. As in the older volume, the book argues that institutions—public, private, and social—left over from an era of mass production are unsuited to a new civilization being built throughout the world. Only now, further detail is provided on what will constitute the Third Wave society.

Alfred A. Knopf
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (/knɒpf/) is an American publishing house that was founded by Blanche Knopf and Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915. Blanche and Alfred traveled abroad regularly and were known for publishing European, Asian, and Latin American writers in addition to leading American literary trends. It was acquired by Random House in 1960, and is now part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group division of Penguin Random House which is owned by the German conglomerate Bertelsmann.

The Knopf publishing house is associated with the borzoi logo in its colophon, which was designed by co-founder Blanche Knopf in 1925.
Jacob Katzenberg
Jacob "Yasha" Katzenberg (born c. 1888) was an organized crime figure in New York who supplied narcotics to mobsters including Charles "Lucky" Luciano, Waxey Gordon, Charles "King" Solomon, Harry "Nig" Rosen, the Torrio–Capone organization as well as mobsters in Detroit, Kansas City and St. Louis.

Waxey Gordon
Irving Wexler (born January 19, 1888 – June 24, 1952), better known as Waxey Gordon, was an American gangster who specialized in bootlegging and illegal gambling. An associate of Arnold Rothstein during prohibition, he was caught up in a power struggle following Rothstein's death. Fellow Rothstein associates Charles "Lucky" Luciano and Meyer Lansky provided authorities with evidence that led to his imprisonment for ten years.
Gmina Stara Dąbrowa
Gmina Stara Dąbrowa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Stara Dąbrowa, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-east of Stargard and 38 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 112.59 square kilometres (43.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,578.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.